STAINED GLASS
WINDOWS
WILLIAM MORRIS § COMPANY
(WESTMINSTER) LIMITED
MORRIS HOUSE ROCHESTER ROW
■WESTMINSTER LONDON SW,1
CABLE S! MORI SITANT SOWEST LONDON. CODES'.MARCONI
ART METALWORK
METAL WINDOWS THE MORRIS
LEADED LIGHTS WESTMINSTER
GATE S , RAILINGS, ALTAR
RAILS, BALUSTRADES.
METAL WORKS
ROOD SCREENS , L IF T MORRIS HOUSE
ENCLOSURES, BRONZE
DOORS.COUNTER GRILLES
ROCHESTER ROW
BRONZE LETTERS,SIGNS, WESTMINSTER
WEATHER VANES, FINIALS,
ELECTRIC FITTINGS, DOG LONDON S.W,1
CRATES, DOMES,AND CAB.LES ‘. MORISITANT
CEILING LIGHTS,ROOF SOWEST LONDON
CL AZ INGRAIN WATER HEADS CODES'. MARCONI
BRONZE STATUES
TABLETS ETC
THE MORRIS ART BRONZE FOUNDRY
MORRIS HOUSE ROCHESTER ROW
WESTMINSTER LONDON SW,1
CABLES :'MORISITANT SOWEST LONDON. CODES! MARCONI
AGENTS:—Messrs. Arnhold Brothers & Co., Ltd., CHINA.
RUSTON EXCAVATORS
FOR IRRIGATION WORK:
Ruston Draglines are unequalled Jfor excavations below
rail level.
Range of standard Modeis'^^mprise machines from 22
tons weight to 290 tons weight.
Bucket capacity % to 10 cubic yards.
Illustration shows Ruston No. 75 on Caterpillars. Jib,
65 ft. centre. Bucket, 2 cubic yards. Weight, 90 tons.
Also Makers of all sizes revolving Crane Navvies and
Railway Type Shovels.
Steam or Electric equipment.
RUSTON & HORNSBY, LTD., LINCOLN.
THE
HONGKONG & SHANGHAI HOTELS. LTD.
HONGKONG:
Telegraphic Address:-KREMLIN, HONGKONG.
HONGKONG HOTEL - • REPULSE BAY HOTEL.
PENINSULA HOTEL (Under construction, PEAK HOTEL,
CANTON:
SHAMEEN HOTEL (Under construction)
SHANGHAI:
Telegraphic Address:—CENTRAL, SHANGHAI.
ASTOR HOUSE HOTEL - PALACE HOTEL.
MAJESTIC HOTEL - - GRAND HOTEL KALEE.
PEKIN:
Telegraphic Address:—WAGONLITS PEKIN.
GRAND HOTEL des WAGONS LITS.
THE HONGKONG & SHANGHAI HOTELS, LTD.
IN CONJUNCTION WITH
THE GRAND HOTEL des WAGONS LITS, LTD.
ON MERCATORS PROJECTION
id. Engraved for
w -
Drawn and.-Engraved for tlie Directory Se. Chronicle •- ■ ' ' Jbiiii Bartkolomew-& Son1Xitd.(Ediii?
THE
DIRECTORY & CHRONICLE
FOE
CHINA, JAPAN, COREA, INDO-CHINA,
STRAITS SETTLEMENTS, MALAY STATES,
SIAM, NETHERLANDS INDIA, BORNEO,
THE PHILIPPINES, &c.
WITH WHICH A EE INCOEPOKATED “THE CHINA DIEECTOEY” AND-
“ THE HONGKONG DIEECTOEY AND HONG LIST FOE THE FAE EAST ”
FOR THE YEAR
SIXTY-SECON D YEAR OF PUBLICATION
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, LTD.
1A, CHATEE EOAD, HONGKONG, AND 131, FLEET STEEET, LONDON, E.C. 4.
MDCCCCXXIV.
A
AGENTS
LONDON Mr. J. H. G. Murrow, 131, Fleet Street, E.C. 4
Do Mr. F. Algar, 58, Gracechurch Street, London, E.C. 3
Do Messrs. G. Street & Co., Ltd., 30, Cornhill, E.C.
PARIS Messrs. G. E. Fuel de Lobel & Cie., 53, Rue Lafayette
j Messrs. Gordon & Gotch, 123, Pitt Street
"SYDNEY .
\Mr. H. A. Goddard, 255A, George Street
MELBOURNE Messrs. Gordon & Gotch, 124 and 126, Queen Street
BRISBANE Messrs. Gordon & Gotch, Queen Street
CALCUTTA Messrs. Thacker, Spink ifc Co., 5 and 6, Government Place
/“Times of India” Office
BOMBAY
t Messrs. Thacker & Co.
VLADIVOSTOCK Messrs. Sinkievitch Bros.
TOKYO Messrs. Maruzen Co., Ltd.
KOBE NAGASAKI “Nagasaki Press” Office
FORMOSA Mr. A. W. Gillingham, Taipeh
SEOUL (COREA) “ Seoul Press ” Office, Seoul
DAIREN Mr. F. J. Bardens
TSINOTAU Messrs. Cornabe, Eckford & Co.
CHEFOO Messrs. Curtis Brothers
SHANGHAI, HANKOW & l Messrs. Kelly & Walsh, Ltd., Hankow
YANGTSZE PORTS.. )
FOOCHOW Messrs. Brockett AMOY .Messrs. Douglas, Lapraik & Co.
SWATOW Messrs. Jardine, Matheson & Co., Ltd.
CANTON Messrs. A. S. Watson & Co., Ltd., Shameen
MACAO Mr. A. A. de Mello
HAIPHONG ]cie. de Commerce et de Nav. d’Extreme-Orient
BANGKOK “ Bangkok Times ” Office
Sl
BKm0sRH MILYA}^ 4 W
“lsh' Ltd
- 32
- P1
“-
MANILA Philippine Education Co.
BORNEO Mr. D. G. Wood, Sandakan
JAVA Enizoms Travelling Dept., Weltevreden
INDEX, DIRECTORY
Page Page Pagi
Alphabetical List Chin a— Continued Japan—Continued
Foreign Residents ... 1512 Southern Ports—(Jont. Kobe 494 & 514B
Annam 1142 Kyoto ... ... 493
Foochow ... ... 910 Moji
Annam, Provinces du 1145 Hoihow (in Hainan)... 965 ... 515
Nagasaki ... 517
Hu<5 1142 Hokow 972 Osaka ...
Ouinhon .. ••• 1146 Kongmoon 956 ... 489
Shimonoseki . ... 515
Tourane 1145 Kuliang 911 Tokyo ... . 465 & 514A
Borneo 1472 Nanning 960 Yokohama 479 & 514c
Brunei... 1490 Pakhoi.. 963
.Tesselton (Ve N. Borneo) Samshui 954 Mat
Kudat {see N. Borneo) Santuao 909 Macao ...
Labuan 1488 Swatow ... ••• 926 Malay States
Lahad Datu {see N. Borneo) Wuchow ... ••• 958 (Federated & Unfederated)
Sandakan {see N. Borneo) Yangtsze Ports Ipoh {see Perak)
Sarawak 1472 Chanesha 890 Johore 135a
Tawao (see N. Borneo) Chinkiang 851 Kedah ... 1363
North Borneo, State of 1479 Kelantan 1358
Chungking 897
China 554 Hankow 863 Klang (see Selangor)
Central Ports K. Lumpur (see Selangor)
Ichang 893
Hanarchow 900 Kewkiang 860 Kuantan (see Pahang)
Nanking 853 Shasi ... ... ••• 888 Malay States (Fed.) ... 1293.
Malay States (Unfed.) 1349
Ningpo 904 Wuhu ' — 857
Shanghai 700 Yochow 886 Negri Sembilan ... 1336
Pahang 1345
Soochow 849 Chosen (Corea) 541 Perak 1299
Wenchow ... ... 907 Chemulpo 548 Perlis 1368
Frontier Ports Chinnampo 552 Pt.Dickson(seeN. Sembilan)
Kouang-tcheou-wan... 961 Fusan 550 „ Swettenham(seeSelangor)
Kowloon Frontier ... 953 Kunsan 553 Selangor 1315
Lappa 954 Masampo 551 Serem ban (see N. Sembilan)
Lungchow 968 Mokpo 552 Taiping (see Perak)
Mengtsz 969 Seoul 543 Teluk Anson (see Perak)
Szemao 974 Song-jin 553 Trengganu 1362
Tengyueh 973 Unsankinko 548 Naval Squadrons
Yunpanfu 969 Wonsan 550 Naval Squadron, Brit. 1492'
Northern Ports Cochin-China 1152 Naval Squadron, Jap. 1504
Antung 670 Cambodge ... ... 1170 Naval Squadron, U.S. 1497
Changchun 664 Cholon 1169
Chefoo... 678 Netherlands India 1370
Saigon 1153
Chinwangtao 647 Batavia 1389
Eastern Siberia 457 Buitenzorg 1390
Dairen 672 Nicolajewsk 458
Harbin 658 Makassar 1408-
Vladivostock 457 Padang 1406-
Hunchun 667
Kiaochau 691 Formosa 531 Semarang , 1402
Kirin ... ... ... 665 Daitotei (Twatutia)... 535 Soerabaja 1397
Lungchingtsun ... 666 Keelung ... ... 537 Sumatra 1411
Lungkow 686 Tainan,Takao&Anping, 538
Taihoku (Taipeh) ... 535 Philippine Islands 1424
Manchurian Trade C. 654 Cebu 1460
Mukden 654 Tamsui 533
Iloilo 1457
Newchwang 649 Hongkong 976 Manila 1437
Peiteiho 647 Classified List ... 1077 Zamboanga 1468
Peking 585 Ladies’List 1086 Siam 1174
Port Arthur 668 Peak Residents ... 1090 Bangkok 1175
Taku 645 Indo-China 1111 Steamers
Tientsin 610 Haiphong ... ... 1127 Coasting 1406
Tsingtao 691 Hanoi 1113 Straits Settlements
Tsinanfu 697 Tonkin 1112 1216
Wei-hai-wei 687 Tonkin, Pro vs. du ... 1136 Malacca 1285
Southern Ports Japan 460 Penang 1268
Amoy 918 Hakodate 488 Prov. W ellesley (seePenang)
Canton ... ... 932 Japan Classified List 521 Singapore ... i.. 1218
INDEX, DIRECTORY
A Page Page P—Gout. Page
Alphabetical List of Kedah ... . 1363 Pt. Dickson (see N. Sem bilan
Foreign Residents... 1 !> 12 Kelantan . 1358 „ Swettenham(seeSelangor)
Amoy 918 Keelung 537 Prov. Wellesley(see Penang)
Annam 1142 Kewkiang 860 Q
Annam, Provinces du 1145 Kiaochau 691 Quinhon 1146
Anping ... 538 Kirin 665 S
1
Antung 670 Klang (see Selangor) Saigon ,.1153
Kobe 494 & 51 4E Samshui 954
Bangkok ... 1175 Kongmoon 956 Sandakan (see N. Borneo)
Batavia ... 1389 Kouang-tcheou-wan... 961 Santuao 909
Borneo... ... 1472 Kowloon Frontier ... 953 Sarawak 1472
Brunei... ... 1490 Kuala Lumpur(s Buitenzorg ... 1390 Kuantan (see Pahang) Semarang 1402
Kudat (see N. Borneo) Seoul 543
Cambodge ... 1170 Kuliang 911 Seremban (seeN. Sembilan)
Canton... ... 932 Kunsan 553 Shanghai 700
Cebu ... ... 1460 Kyoto 493 Shasi 888
Changchun ... 664 L Shimonoseki 515
Changsha ... 890 Labuan 1488 Siam ... 1174
Chefoo ... ... 678 Lahad Datu (see N. Borneo) Singapore 1218
Chemulpo ... 548 Lappa 954 Soerabaja 1397
China ... ... 554 Lungchingtsun Song-jin 553
Chinkiang Lungchow ... yu» Soochow 849
Chinnampo 552 Lungkow 686 Steamers, Coasting ... 1406
Chinwangtao 647 M Straits Settlements ... 1216
Cholon 1169 Macao 1094 Sumatra 1411
Chosen (Corea) ... 541 Makassar 1408 Swatow 926
Chungking 897 Malacca ' 1285 Szemao 974
Cochin China 1152 Malay States (Fed.) ... 1293 T
Malay States (Unfed.) 1349 Taihoku (Taipeh) ... 535
Dairen 672 Manchurian Trade C. 654 Tainan ... 538
Daitotei (Twatutia)... 535 Manila 1437 Taiping (see Perak)
Masampo ... ... 551 Takao 538
E Mengtsz 969
Eastern Siberia Taku 645
Moji 515 Tamsui 533
MokpO 552 Tawao (see N. Borneo)
Foochow ... 910 Mukden 654
Formosa ... 531 Teluk Anson (see Perak)
N Tengyueh 973
Fusan ... ... 550 Nagasaki 517 Tientsin 610
Nanking 853 Tokyo 465 & 514A
Haiphong ... 1127 Nanning 960
Hakodate ... 488 Tonkin 1112
Naval Squadron, Brit. 1492 Tonkin, Provinces du 1136
Hangchow ... 900 Naval Squadron, Jap. 1504
Hankow ... 863 Tourane 1145
Naval Squadron, U.S. 1497 Trengganu 1362
Hanoi ... ... 1113 Negri Sembilan ... 1336
Harbin... . ... 658 Tsingtao 691
Netherlands India ... 1370 Tsinanfu 697
Hoihow (in Hainan)... 965 Newchwang 649
Hokow... 972 Nicolajewsk 458
Hongkong 976 Unsankinko ... 548
Ningpo 904
Hongkong Ladies’ List 1086 North Borneo, State of 1479
H’kong. Peak Resdts. 1090 Yladivostock 457
Hue 1142 Osaka ... ... 489 W
Hunchun 667 Wei-hai-wei 687
I Padang ... 1406 Wenchow 917
Ichang 893 Pahang ... 1345 Wonsan 550
Iloilo 1457 Pakhoi ... ... 963 Wuchow 958
Indo-China 1111 Peiteiho ... 647 Wuhu 857
Ipoh (see Perak) Peking... Y
J Penang 1268 Yochow 886
Japan 460 Perak 1299 Yokohama ... 479 & 514c
Japan Classified List 521 Perl is 1368 Yunnanfu 969
Jesselton (see B. N. Borneo) Philippine Islands ... 1424 Z
Johore 1350 Port Arthur 668 Zamboanga 1468
INDEX
TREATIES, CODES AND GENERAL
PASS
Advertisers, Index to iv Great Britain, Chungking Agreement, 1890 20
Agents Back of Title page Great Britain, Emigration Convenlion, 1904 57
•Calendar and Chronology vij Great Britain, Kowloon Extension, 1898 23
Calendar, Anglo Chinese '■ Great Britain, Nanking, 1842 ‘ 3
Chair and Boat Hire, Hongkong Great Britain, Opium Agreement, 1911 66
Chamber of Commerce, Scale of Commissions, &c 448 Great Britain, Opium Convention, 1885 19
China’s Permanent Constitution 411 Great Britain, Sup. Commercial Treaty with China 25
xix Great Britain, Tibet-Sikkim Convention, 1890 21
Chinese Festivals
Chinese Passengers’ Act 394 Great Britain, Tibet Convention 61
.Consortium Agreement, 1920 241 Great Britain, Tientsin, 1858 5
Court of Consuls at Shanghai, Rules of Procedure ... .372 Great Britain, Weihaiwei Convention, 1898 24
Customs Tariff, China, Exports 52 Japan, Agreement China-Korean Boundary, 1909, 238
Customs Tariff, China, Imports, Revised 1922 37 Japan, Agreement Regarding Manchurian Ques-
tions, 1909 240
Customs Tariff, China, Rules, Exports 54
Japan, Commercial, Peking, 1896 .128
Customs Tariff, China, Rules, Imports 51
Japan, Protocol, New Ports, Peking, 1896 .133
Customs Tariff, Japan I"8
Japan, Regarding Manchuria, 1905 142
Customs Tariff, Korea •• I68
Japan, Regarding Shantung, 1915 144
Draft Customs Tariff Caw (Japan) 176
Japan, Regarding S. Manchuria and Mongolia,1915,146
Foreign Jurisdiction Act, 1890 289
Japan, Settlement of Outstanding Questions
Harbour Regulations, Japan 408 rel itive to Shantung 148
Hongkong, Charter of the Colony 375 Japan, Transfer of Shantung 253
Hongkong, Constitution of Councils 379
Japan, Shimonoseki, 1895 125
Hongkong, Legislative Council, Rules of 388
Japan, Supplementary Treaty, 1903 134
Hongkong, Port Regulations 398
Portugal, 1888 112
Hongkong, Stock Exchange 447 Portugal, 1904 120
Hongkong Typhoon Signals and Stations 4ul
United States of America, Additional, 1868 98
Insurance, Japanese Ordinance 397 United States of America, Commercial, 1903 105
Malay States Federation Agreement, 1896 283 United States of America, Immigration, 1894 103
4i;0
Manila Invoice Charges United States of America, Immigration & Comm. 100
■Orders in Council f Amendment) China & Corea, 1967, 336 United States of America, Tientsin, 1858 92
Orders in Council (Amendment) China & Corea, 1909, 339
Ordersin Council (Amendment) China* Corea, 1910 .. 341 With Japan:—
•Orders in Council (China Amendment), 1913 342 Great Britain, 1894 169
Orders irin Council, China (Amendment) 1914 349 Great Britain, Commerce and Nav., 1911 220
Orders irn Council, China (AmendmentNo. 2), 1920 ..351 Great Britain, Estate of deceased persons, 190 / . .218
n Council, China (Amendment No. 3), 1920 ..351 Great Britain, Japan-IndiaCommercial, 19J4 219
n Council, China (Amendment), 1921 362 Korea, Treaty of Annexation, 1910 . .163
n Council (Companies), China, 1915 354 Russia, Convention, 1916 238
i Council (Compani-s), China Amendment, Russia, Railway Convention, 1967 235
..358
Russia, Relating to China 234
Orders in Council (Treaty.of Peace), China, 1919...... 360 Russia, Treaty of Peace, 1905 231
Orders in Council, H.B.M., China and Corea. 295 United States, 1886, Extradition Treaty .. 229
Port Regulations for H.B.M. Consulates in China ... .405
Postage, Chinese 423 With Korea:—
Shanghai Mixed Court, Rules of the • 373 Great Britain, Trade Regulations .: 165
Siam, Foreign Jurisdiction, 1909 269
With Siam:—
Signals, Storm, &c., Hongkong 451
Stamp Duties, Hongkong, 1921-1922: 433 France, 1904 ' 2il
Statutory Rules and Orders (China and Corea), 1909 .. 363 France, 1907 273
Tables of Consular Fees 364 Great Britain, 1856 257
Treaty. Ports, etc 285 Great Britain, 1909 263
Great Britain, 1913, re Fugitive Criminals 268
'Treaties:—With China Great Britain, Registration of Subjects 2t2
Final Protocol with Eleven Powers, 1901 155 Great Britain, Trade Regulations with 260
France, Additional Convention, 1895 Japan,1898 277
France, Convention, 1887 Russia, 1899 2tl
France, Convention of Peace, 1860 . Great Britain and France, Siamese Frontier, 1896 .. 282
France, Peking, 1860 78 Great Britain and Portugal, Opium, 1913 284
France, Tientsin, 1885 80 United States Consular and Court Fees 370
France, Trade Reglns. for Tonkin Frontier, 1886.. 83 United States Consular Courts in China, Regulations . .374
Germany, Peking, 1921 160 United States Court for China, Jurisdiction 367
-Great Britain, Burma Convention, 1897 21 Washington Conference Resolutions, 1921-22 244-
•Great Britain, Chefoo Convention, 1876 13 Weights and Measures, Money ... 453
1
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS
PAGE
A.B.C. DIRECTORV
OF BRITISH MER-
CHANTS AND MANUFACTURERS ... xlvii Hongkong Whampoa Dock Co.... 1038c
Mitsubishi Soko Kaisha, Kobe ... 1038D
A.B.C.DIRECTORY OF GERMAN MER-
Mitsui Bussan Kaisha, Japan ...xxxvii
CHANTS AND MANUFACTURERS ... Ivii
DRUGGISTS :—
ART METAL WORKERS:—
Win. Morris & Co., London Ferris & Co., Ld., Bristol
Inside front cover Inside back cover
Squire & Co. (Birmingham), Ld. ...
ART PRODUCTIONS :—
Raphael Tuok & Sons, London ... Back of cover
T
Inside back cover ENGINEERS A> D MACHINISTS:—
BAKERS M. Y. San & Co., Ld xlv Mitsubishi Soko Kaisha, Kobe ... 1038p
Rapid Magnetting Machine Co.,
BANKS :— Ld., Birmingham lix
Bank of Canton, Ld xxx Ruston & Hornsby, Ld., Lincoln...
Bank of East Asia, Ld xxx Inside front covtr
Bank of Taiwan (Formosa) xxviii
EXCAVATOR MANUFACTURERS:—
Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas... xxiv
Chartered Bank of India, Aus. and Ruston & Hornsby, Ld., Lincoln...
China xxii Inside front cover
Chinese Merchants’ Bank, Ld.... xxix GLASS MANUFACTURERS:—
Hongkong and Shanghai Bank ... xxi S. & C. Bishop Hongkong Savings Bank xxxi Wm. Morris & Co., London
International Banking Coporation xxvii Inside front cover
Mercantile Bank of India xxiii HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS:—
Societe Francaise de Gerance de la Rapid Magnetting Machine Co.,
Banque Industrielle de Chine ... xxv Ld., Birmingham lix
Do xxvi Sun Man Woo Co xli
BOOKSELLERS & PUBLISHERS:— HOTELS :—
Maruzen Co., Ld., Tokyo xlii Astor House Hotel, Shanghai ...
BREWERS :— Front end paper
Dai Nippon Brewery Co., Japan ... xliii Grand Hotel Kalee, S’hai. do.
BRICK MANUFACTURERS :—
Grand Hotel des Wagons
Kailan Mining Administration, Lits, Peking do.
Hongkong Hotel do.
Tientsin xl
Majestic Hotel, Shanghai do.
Do. Front cover Palace Hotel, Shanghai... do.
CEMENT MANUFACTURERS :— Peak Hotel do.
Indo-China Portland Cement Co., Peninsula Hotel, Kowloon... do.
Ld., Haiphong (Indo-China) ... xliv Repulse Bay Hotel ... do.
COAL MERCHANTS Shameen Hotel, Canton... do.
Kailan Mining Admin., Tientsin... xl INCANDESCENT OIL LAMP MANU-
Do. Front cover FACTURERS:—
Mitsui Bussan Kaisha xxxvii Continental-Licht-und Apparete-
Sun Man Woo Co xli bau Gesselschaft, Frankfurt-on-
CONFECTIONERS :— the-Main (Germany) ... xlvi & lviii
M. Y. San Co., Ld xlv INSURANCE, LIFE, FIRE AND MARINE :—
COTTON GOODS MANUFACTURERS :— Union Insur. Society of Canton, Ld.,
E. Spinner Bombay lix
LIFTING TACKLE AND HYDRAULIC TOOLS:—
CURIO DEALERS AND JEWELLERS:— Ruston & Hornsby, Ld., Lincoln
Lock Hing ... ... xxxi Inside front cover
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS—Continued
PAGE PAGE
IIOBELLINE MANUFACTURERS ROPE MANUFACTURERS :—
Squire & Co., Birmingham, Ld., H’kong.Rope Manufacturing Co. 1038A-B
Back of cover
SHIPBUILDERS :—
MACHINERY :— H’kong. & Whampoa,Dock Co. ... 1038c
Hongkong & Whampoa Dock Co. -. 1038c Mitsubishi Soko Kaisha. Kobe ... 1038D
Mitsubishi Soko Kaisha, Kobe ... 1038D Mitsui Bussan Kaisha, Japan ... xxxvii
Rapid Magnetting Machine Co.,
Ld., Birmingham ... lix SHIPCHANDLERS :—
Ruston & Hornsby, Ld., Lincoln Ip Tak & Co xxxviii
Inside front cover Sun Man Woo Co xli
MEMORIAL MAKERS: — STAINED GLASS MANUFACTURERS:—
Wm. Morris & Co., London ... Wm. Morris & Co., London
Inside front cover Inside front cover
MERCHANTS, COMMISSION AGENTS, ETC. : — STATUE TABLET MAKERS:—
A.B.C. Directory of Merchants and Wm. Morris & Co., London ...
Manufacturers (British) xlvii Inside front cover
Do. (Germany) ... Ivii
Arculli. Brothers xxxviii STEAMSHIP LINES :—
China Commercial Co., Ld xxxix Apcar Line xxxii
IpTak&Co. ... ... xxxviii British India S. N. Co., Ld. ... xxxii
Mitsui Bussan Kaisha, China and Dairen Kisen Kaisha ... ... ...xxxvi
Japan xxxvii Douglas Steamship Co xxxiv.
Sun Man Woo Co xli Eastern and Australian Line ..; xxxii
Indo-China Steam Nav. Co... ...xxxiii
METAL MERCHANTS
Nippon Yusen Kaisha xxxv
China Commercial Co., Ld xxxix P. & 0. S. N. Co xxxii
Ip Tak & Co xxxviii
Sun Man Woo Co xli STEVEDORES:—
NAVY CONTRACTORS Sun Man Woo Co xli
Sun Man Woo Co xli STOREKEEPERS :—
NEWSPAPERS :— Sun Man Woo Co xli
“ Chung Ngoi San Po ” ... Hinge of cover
SURGICAL INSTRUMENT DEALERS:—
“ Hongkong Daily Press ”
Inside back end 'paper Ferris & Co., Ld., Bristol
Hiside back cover
“ Hongkong Weekly Press ” do.
■OIL MERCHANTS TRADE MARKS OF BRITISH MERCHANTS
Asiatic Petroleum Co xx ^ND MANUFACTURERS Iviii
Do ... Front cover
Rising Sun Petroleum Co., Japan ... xx WELDING AND CUTTING PLANTS:—
Continental Licht-und Ap-
TAINT MERCHANTS paretabau Gesselschaft,
Sun Man Woo Co xli Frankfurt-on-the-Main (Ger-
many) xlvi & Ivii
PRESERVED STEM GINGER DEALERS:—
M. Y. San & Co., Ld xlv WINES AND SPIRITS :—
’PRINTERS’ SUPPLIERS:—
Dai Nippon Brewery Co., Ld.,
Mitsui Bussan Kaisha, sole agents xliii
Tokyo Tsukiji Type Foundry lx
RATTAN AND SEAGRASS FURNITURE WOOLLEN GOODS MANUFACTURERS:—
MAKERS:— E. Spinner & Co., Manchester and
“ Do Be Chairful ” Co xlv Bombay lix
HngloCfotnese Calenbau for 1924
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THE CALENDAR FOR 1924
JANUARY—31 DAYS
SUNRISE SUNSET
1st 7h. 03m. 5h. 50m.
15th 7h. 06m. 6h. 00m.
Minimum 57.6 56.1
JMOON’S PHASES
Mean 60.5 60.0
d. h. m.
New Moon 6 8 48 P.M. BAROMETER, 1923
First Quarter 14 6 44 A.M.
Mean 30.19
Full Moon 22 8 57 A.M. 1922 RAINFALL 1923
Last Quarter 29 1 53 P.M. 0.130 inche;
?s OF DAYS OF 11 & 12
Se
i80in S H.E! The Gov
ssSissr
,,,fc I
",“"
ir
THE CALENDAR FOR 1924
FEBRUARY—29 DAYS
SUNRISE SUNSET HONGKONG TEMPERATURE
1st 7h. 03m. 6h. 11m. 1922 1923
15th 6h. 56m. 6h. 20m. Maximum 65.0 63.8
Minimum 58.1 55.0
MOON’S PHASES Mean 61.3 58.8
d. h. m.
New Moon 5 9 38 A.M. BAROMETER, 1923
First Quarter 13 4 S A.M. Mean 30.07
FullMoon 21 0 7 A.M. 1922 RAINFALL 1923
Last Quarter 27 9 15 P.M. 5.490 inches 0.390 inches
OATS or DAYS OF i 12 & 1 ClIRONOLOOT OF REMARKABLE EVENTS
WEEK MONTH j MOONS
Inhabitants of Hongkong declared British subjects, 1841. The Additional Article to
Chefoo Convention came into force, 1887. First meeting of International Commission on
Opium at Shanghai, 1909.
2 28 The German Club at Hongkong opened, 1872. Weihaiwei citadel captured by Japanese,
1895. Loss of Daijin Morn, in the China Sea, 160 lives lost, 1916. Opening of Tytana
Tuk Reservoir by Sir Henry May, 1918.
Sun. 4TH AFIEK EPIPHANY.
Mon. Great robbery in the Central Bank, Hongkong, discovered, 1865. Agreement opening West
River signed, 1897.
Tues. Anti-foreign riot at Chinkiang, foreign houses burned and looted^ 1889. Local Ad-
ministrative bodies in China suppressed, 1914.
Wed. The Spanish Envoy Halcon arrived at Macao to demand satisfaction from the Chinese for
the burning of the Spanish brig “ Bilbaino,” 1840. Japan broke off diplomatic relations
with Russia, 1904. J apanese str. “ Tatsu Maru ” seized by Chinese gunboats near Macao
for alleged smuggling arms, 1908. Sir George Phillippo, a former Chief Justice of Hong-
kong, died at Geneva, 1914.
Thurs. 7 3 Suez Canal adopted as the regular route for the Eastern Mails, 1888.
Fri. 8 4 The Spanish fleet leaves the port of Cavite, by order of the Governor of Manila, for the
purpose of taking Formosa, 1626. Hostilities between Russia and Japan begun by
Russian gunboat off Chemulpo, 1904. Japanese made a successful torpedo attack at
midnight on Russia’s Port Arthur squadron, 1904.
Satur. 9 5 The “Henrietta Maria” was found drifting about in the Palawan Passage, captain,
crew and 250 coolies missing, 1857. Murder of Messrs. Kiddle and Sutherland at
Mengka on Yunnan border, 1900. Naval fight at Port Arthur between Japanese and
Russian fleets with disastrous consequences to the latter, 1904.
Sun. 5TH AFTER EPIPHANY.
The Japanese constitution granting representative government proclaimed by the
Emperor in person at Tokyo, 1889.
Tues. 12 China’s New Currency Laws published, 1914.
Wed. 13 Outbreak of convicts in Singapore Gaol, 1875. Surrender of Liukungtao Island
forts and remainder of the Chinese fleet to the Japanese, 1895. Manehu Rulers
of China announce their abdication, 1912. Sir Robert Ho Tung gives 850,000 to Hong-
kong University, 1915. Earthquake shock felt in Hongkong; serious damage and loss
of life caused in Swatow, 1918. Mr. Robt. Johnson, an American aviator, flies from
Hongkong to Macao in 23 minutes on a Curtiss seaplane, 1920.
Thurs. 14 Tung Wa Hospital, Hongkong, opened by Sir R. G. MacDonnell, 1872.
15 11 Ports of Hongkong and Tinghai declared free, 1841. The Chinese frigate “Yu-yuen”
and corvette “Chin-cheng” sunk by the French in Sheipoo harbour, 1885. Mutiny of
Indian troops at Singapore, involving the loss of a number of lives, 1915.
Satur. 16 12 Insurgents evacuated Shanghai, 1855. Stewart scholarship at Central School, Hongkong,
founded, 1884. Alice Memorial Hospital, Hongkong, opened, 1887.
Sun. 17 18 SEPTITAOESIMA. The U. S. paddle man-of-war “ Ashuelot” wrecked on the East Lammock
Rock, near Swatow, 1883.
Mon. 18 14
Tues. 19 15 Lord Amherst’s Embassy, returning from China, shipwrecked in the Java Sea, 1817.
Wed. 20 China’s Provincial Assemblies suppressed, 1914.
Thurs. 21 Mr. A. R. Margary, of H.B.M.’s Consular Service, was murdered at Manwyne, Yunnan, by
Chinese, 1875. Statue of Li Hung Chang unveiled at Shanghai, 1906. Consort of the
Emperor Kwangsu died, 1913. Hongkong A.D.C. Centenary Production, 1914.
Fri. 22 Massacre of missionaries at Nanchang, 1906.
Satur 23 Hostilities between England and China recommenced, 1841. Steamer “Queen” captured
and burnt by pirates, 1857. First stone of the Hongkong City Hall laid, 1867.
Sun. 24 SEXAOESIMA. Chusan evacuated by the British troops, 1841. Explosion of boiler of the
str. “ Yotsai” between Hongkong and Macao; six Europeans and 13 Chinese killed
and vessel destroyed, 1884. Preliminary agreement signed by the Govt, of China for
the loan of £4,000,000 from the Banque industrielle de Chine to build a railway from
Yunnan to Yamchow (Kwangtung), 1914.
Mon. 25 21 Captain Da Costa and Lieut. Dwyer murdered at Wong-ma-kok, in Hongkong, 1849.
Chinese Imperial Edict issued dismissing the Dalai Llama of Tibet, 1910.
Tues. 26 22 Bogue Forts, Canton, destroyed by Sir Gordon Bremer, 1841. Appalling disaster at
Hongkong Racecourse; matsheds collapse and destroyed by fire’over 600’bodies re-
covered, 1918.
Wed. j 27 23 Treaty of peace between Japan and Corea signed at Kokwa, 1876. Evacuation of Port
Hamilton by the British forces, 1887.
Thurs. j1 28 24 Capture of the Sulu capital by the Spaniards, 1876.
Fri 29 25
THE CALENDAR FOR 1924 ix
THE CALENDAR FOIi 1924
APRIL—30 DAYS
SUNRISE SUNSET HONGKONO TEMPERATURE
ISE 6h. 16m. 6h. 38m. 1922 1923
15th 6h. 03m. 6h. 43m. Maximum ...75.7 76.1
Minimum 67.6 68.6
MOON’S PHASES
Mean 71.0 71.5
d. h. m.
New Moon 4 3 17 P.M. BAROMETER, 1923
First Quarter 12 7 12 P.M. Mean 29.94
Full Moon 19 10 11 P.M. 1922 RAINFALL 1923
Last Quarter 26 0 28 P.M. 2.020 inches 8.370 inches
DAYS OF IDATS OP | 2&3
CHRONOLOGY OF REMARKABLE EVENTS
WEEK | MONTH I MOONS
28 The port of Hoihow (in Hainan) opened, 1870. The ports of Pakhoi, Wenchow, Wuhu
and I chans; opened, 1877. B.N. Borneo adopted the Straits Settlements currency,
1905. Dowager Empress of Japan died, 1914.
Wed. 2 29 French flag hoisted at Kwang-chau-wan, 3898. Belilios Reformatory opened at Hong-
kong, 1900.
Thurs. 3 30 Tai On pirated between Hongkong and Kongmoon, 1913.
Fri. 4 1 Protocol arranging the preliminaries of peace between France and China signed at
Paris, 1885. The Tsarevitch and Prince George of Greece arrived in Hongkong,
| 1891.
Satur. 6 2 | Bogue Forts destroyed by General D’Aguilar, 1847. Wheelbarrow Riot at Shanghai, 1897.
i Attempt to destroy with dynamite the Prince Regent’s Palace at Peking, 1910.
Sun. 6 3 j 5TH IN LENT. Convention between Sir John Francis Davis and the Viceroy Ki-ying for
I the admission of Europeans into the city of Canton within two months,1842. H.R.H.
i The Prince of Wales visils Hongkong for two (lays on his way to Japan, 1922.
4 | Hongkong Mint opened, 1866. Indignation Meeting at Shanghai respecting Wheelbarrow
| Riot, 1897. Great powder explosion at Canton, 1913.
Tues. 8 5 Arrival of M. Paul Bert at Hanoi, 1886. Chinese Parliament inaugurated 1913.
Wed. 9 6 j Terrific tornado in Canton; 2,000 houses destroyed and 10,000 lives lost, 1878. Tartar
i General at Canton assassinated, 1911.
Thurs. 10 7 | 37,000 Christians butchered in Japan, 1738. Death at Peking of .Marquis Tseng,
j 1890.
Fri. 11
Satur. 12 9 | Presentation of colours to Hongkong Regiment, 1895. Russian flagship Petropavlovnk
sunk by a mine off Port Arthur, nearly every man drowned, including Admiral
Makaroff, 1904.
Sun. 13 10 PALM SUNDAY. Soldiers’ Club Opened at Hongkong, 19:0. Imperial Palace, Seoul,
destroyed by fire, 1904. Aliens given the right to own land m Japan, 1910.
Mon. 14 11 S. Francis Xavier left Goa for China, 1552. Riots at Changsha, 1910.
15 12 British Flag hoisted at Taipohui, Kowloon, New Territory, 1899. Governor Sir Arthur
Kennedy arrived in Hongkong, 1872. Junk Bay Flour Mills, Hongkong, suspended
operations, 1908.
Wed. 16 13
Thurs. 17 Telegraph to Shanghai opened, 1871. Execution at Kowloon city of 19 pirates,
including “Namoa” pirates, 1891. Treaty of Peace between China and Japan signed
at Shimonoseki, 1895.
Fri. 18 15 GOOD FRIDAY. Convention between China and Japan settling Corean differences signed
at Tientsin, 1885. TheO. & O. steamer “San Pablo” wrecked near Turnabout, 1888.
One-fourth of the opium divans at Shanghai closed, 3908. Town of Wagima, Japan,
destroyed by fire, 1910,
19 16 The “Sir Charles Forbes,” the first steamer in China waters, arrived, 183°. The
Tsarevitch arrived at Hankow, 1891.
Sun. 20 17 EASTER DAY.
Mon. 21 18 EASTF,R MONDAY. Resignation of Shanghai Municipal Council, 1897.
19 East India Company ceased trade with China, 1834. Arrival of Governor J. Pope
Hennessy in Hongkong, 1877. • Opening of new commercial port of Heungehow
near Macao, 1909. Bank of China authorised to issue 83,000,000 in subsidiary notes,
1915.
S. GEORGE’S DAY. P. M. steamer Asia wrecked near Foochow, 1911.
Thurs. 24 21 Chinese Imperial Edict issued disranking Roman Catholic missionaries, 1908. Capture of
the citadel at Hanoi, Tonkin, by the French forces, 1882. First sod of the Shanghai-
Nanking Railway cut at Shanghai, 1905.
Fri. 25 Foundation stone of Queen’s College, Hongkong, laid, 1884. Contract for Quintuple
Loan of £25,000,000 signed at Peking, 1913.
Sat. 26 23 A crowded public meeting in Hongkong demands exclusion of Germans from the Colony
after the War, 1917.
Sun. 27 24 1ST AFTER EASTER. Appointed by Chinese Government a Day of Prayer for Christian
Churches, 1913.
Ratifications of Corean Treaty with England exchanged, 3884. Privy Council for
Japan constituted by Imperial decree, 1888. Sir F. D. Lugard laid foundation-stone of
Hongkong Seamen’s Institute, 1909. Daring piracy on the s.s, “ Tai On” off Kai Au, 1914.
26 Battle of the Yalu, Russo-Japan War: Russians defeated with great slaughter, 1904.
27 Arrival of General Grant in Hongkong, 1879.
THE CALENDAR FOR 1924
MAY-31 DAYS
SUNRISE SUNSET HONGKONG TEMPERATURE
1st... ... 5h. 51m. 6h. 50m. 1922 1923
15th 5h. 43m. 6h. 56m. Maximum 83.3 82.6
Minimum 75.4 74.2
MOON’S PHASES Mean 78.6 77.8.
d. h. m.
New Moon 4 7 0 A.M. BAROMETER, 1923
First Quarter 12 10 14 A.M. Mean 29.85>
Full Moon lo 5 52 A.M. 1922 RAINFALL 1923:
Last Quarter 25 10 16 P.M. 5.495 inches 3.795 inches
CHKOSOLOOY OF REMARKABI.K EVENTS
First number of “Hongkong Gazette” published, 1841. Telegraphic communication,
established between Hongkong and the Philippines, 1880. Spanish fleet destroyed by
U.S. fleet at Cavite, 1898. Emperor Kwang Hsu buried, 1909.
Ratification at Tientsin of the Treaty between Portugal and China, 1888. United States-
formally recognised Republic of China, 1913. Presentation of Chinese Note in reply
to Japan’s revised demands, 1915.
Satur. Suspension of Oriental Bank, 1884.
Sun. 2ND AFTER EASTER, Riot in French Concession at Shanghai, 1874. Roman Catholic
Cathedral ar. Peking inaugurated, 1884. Aomori devastated by five, 1910.
Mon. 5 2 British troops evacuated Ningpo, 1842. Imperial Government ordered steps to be taken
at Hongkong to close opium divans, 1908. Sun Yal Sen, at, Canton, proclaims himself
“ President of Chinn,” U21.
King Edward VII. died, 1910. Attack on Mr.Wood at the British Legation at Tokyo, 1874.
Lincheug outrage, in which Shantung bandiis held up the “ Blue Express ” and took
26 foreigners and 100 Chinese capiive.
Wed. 7 i Departure of Governor Sir William Des V®ux from Hongkong, 1891. Japan presents
ultimatum to China, 1915.
Thurs. 8 5
Fri. 9 d New Town Hall at Tientsin opened, 1890. Waglan Lighthouse opened, 1893. Chinese
Government submits to Japan’s revised demands, 1915.
10 7 Hongkong declared infected with plague, 1894. Colonel Gordon with the Imperial troops-
captured Chang-chow, the rebel city, 1864. Occupation of Port Hamilton by the British
Squadron, 1885. Meeting of Chinese merchants at Shanghai instituted a boycott
of American products as a protest against the Chinese Immigration Act, the movement
eventually spreading extensively in China, 1905.
Sun. 11 8 3RD AFTER EASTER. Attempted assassination of the Tsarevitch by a Japanese at Otsu,
Japan, 1891. Execution of fifteen pirates, including leader of “Namoa” pirates, at Kow-
loon, 1891. Portuguese cruiser “ Adamastor” struck rock near Hongkong, 1913.
Mon. 1?. East India Co.’s garden at Canton destroyed by the Mandarins, 1831.
Tues. 13 Anti-foreign riot at Wuhu, 1891. Bill for amending the Trading with the Enemy Ordi-
nance, 1914, read a third time and passed by the Hongkong Legislative Council, 1915.
Wed. 14
Thurs. 15 Ratification at Peking of the amended Treaty between Russia and China, 1881. Anti-
Fri. 16 13 foreign riot in the Hochow district, 1891.
Satur. 17 14 Loss off Amoy of the French war steamer “Izere,” 1860. Arrival of General Grant in
Shanghai, 1879. Kowloon walled city occupied, 1899.
Sun. 15 4TH AFTER EASTER. The city of Chapu taken by the British troops, 1842. Anti-foreign-
riot at Nanking, 1891.
Mon. 19 16 Disastrous surprise of a French sortie in Tonkin led by Commandant Riviere and death of
the latter, 1883. “ Hongkong Daily Press” enlarged, 1900.
Tues. 17 Forts at mouth of Peiho captured by British and French forces, 1858. The Canton
Mint commenced striking silver coins, 1890.
Wed. 21 18 Loss of M.M. str. “Menzaleh” while on her passage from Hongkong to Yokohama, 1887.
Imperial Edict respecting anti-Christian literature, 1892. Ministers’ Joint Note to
Chinese Government on the Boxer agitation, 1900. Mandate issued cancelling
arrangements for Chinese monarchy, 1916.
Foreign factories at Canton pillaged, 1841. Opening- of new Medical School of Hongkong
University, 1919. U.S. Legation at Tokyo burned down, 1863.
EMPIRE DAY. Captain Elliot and all the British subjects left Canton for Macao, 1839.
British flag hoisted at Weihaiwei, 1898. Hongkong’s War Memorial (Cenotaph),
unveiled, 1923.
ROOATION SUNDAY. The city of Canton invested by British troops, 1841. Anti-foreign
riot at Nanking, 1891. Formosa Republic declared, 1895. Sino-Japanese Treaty sign-
ed at Peking, 1915. British Chamber of Commerce inaugurated at Shanghai, 1915.
Death of Grand Secretary Wen-siang, 1876.
Canton ransomed for 86,000,000,1841. Boxers burn station on Lu-Han line, 1900. Battle of
Kinchau, Russo-Japan War; Japanese stormed Nanshan and captured 78 guns, 1904.
Battle of the Japan Sea; Admiral Togo practically annihilates Admiral Roshdesvensky’s
fleet, 1905. A Bill to provide for the levy of Estate Duty passed by the Hongkong
Legislative Council after considerable opposition from the Unofficial members, 1915.
Wed Queen’s Statue, Hongkong, unveiled, 1896. Anti-foreign riots in Szechuen, 1895.
H.M. Queen Mother of Siam visited Hongkong, 1911.
Thurs. ASCENSION DAY. “ Empress of Ireland” sunk and 600 lives lost, including several promi-
nent Far Eastern residents, in the St. Lawrence River, 1914.
H.B.M. screw sloop “Reynard” lost on the Pratas shoal in trying to rescue remainder
of crew of “ Velocipede,” 1851. Opening of the Peak Tramway, Hongkong, 1888.
Chinese Postal Service transferred to Board of Communications, 1911. Conscription,
Bill introduce in Hongkong, 1918.
Typhoon at Hongkong and Macao; loss of the “ Poyang,” with 100 lives, near Macao, 1874.
THE CALENDAR FOR 1924
JUNE-30 DAYS
UNRISE SUNSET HONGKONG TEMPERATURE
1st 5h. 38m. 7h. 03m. 1922 1923
15th 5h. 38m. 7h. 08m. Maximum 86.5 84.6
Minimum 78.8 77.6
MOON’S PHASES Mean 81.9 80.6
BAROMETER, 1923
New Moon Mean 29.73
First Quarter 10 9
Full Moon 7 0 1922 RAINFALL 1923
Last Quarter 24 10 6.525 inches 15.720 inches
CHRONOLOGY OF REMARKABLE EVENTS
SUNDAY AFTER ASCENSION. Attempt to blow up the Hongkong Hotel, 1878. New
Opium Agreement between Hongkong and China came into force, 1887. Anti-foreign
riot at Tanyang, 1891. Canton-Samshui Railway completed.
Hongkong connected with London by wire, 1871. Formal transfer of Formosa from
China to Japan, 1895. Revs. Norman and Robinson murdered, 1900.
Earthquake at Manila, killing more than 2,000 persons, 1863. Death of Sir Arthur
Kennedy, 1883. Keelung taken possession of by Japanese, 1895.
Treaty between France and Corea signed at Seoul, 1886. West River opened, 1897.
Departure of the first O. & O. steamer from Hongkong to San Francisco, 1876. Messrs.
Argent and Green murdered in an anti-foreign riot at Wusueh, 1891. Communica-
tion with Peking cut off, 1900. French str. 11. Lebaudy pirated on West River, 1913.
Heavy rains in Hongkong, property to the value of 8500,000 destroyed, and many lives lost,
1864. Death of Yuen Shih-kai, 1916.
Satur. Attempted anti-foreign riot at Kiukiang, 1891. Hongkong-Canton steamer “Powan”
wrecked, 1908. Tornado in Macao, 1913.
Sun. WHIT SUNDAY. Destruction of Mission premises at Wusieh by anti-foreign mob, 1891.
Suspension of New Oriental Bank, 1892. The P. & O. steamer “Aden” wrecked off
Socotra, 78 lives lost, 1897.
Typhoon at Formosa ; loss of several vessels, 1876. Admiral Seymour starts for Peking,
1900. Arrival inllongongof H.R.H. Prince Charles, heir to the Roumanian Throne,1920.
Portuguese prohibited trading at Canton, 1640.
Opening of the first railway in Japan, 1872.
British steamer “ Carisbrooke ” fired into and captured by Chinese Customs cruiser,
1875. Imperial Edict condemning attacks on foreigners, 1891. Baron von Ketteler,
German Minister, murdered in Peking, 1900.
Satur. Russo-Chinese Treaty, 1728. Battle of Telissu Russo-Japan War. Russians defe ted
with a loss of 7,000 men and 16 guns, 1904. Capt. John Alcock and Lieut. A. 'V. Brown
made the first non-stop flight across the Atlantic in an aeroplane on June 14th, 1919.
Sun. TRINITY SUNDAY. Tidal Wave, Japan, 28,000 lives lost, 1896. British barque “ C*sar ” and
Danish schooner “ Carl ” taken by pirates off Pedro Blanco, 1866. Hope Dock opened
at Aberdeen 1867. Russian squadron sank Japanese transport “Hitachi,” badly
injured “Sado,” 1904. Hongkong Legislature passed Ordinances prohibiting circulation
of foreign bank notes and foreign silver coins, 1914. Train from Canton to Hongkong
“ held up,” American missionary killed, 1916.
Woosung taken, 1842.
First foreign owned junk leaves Chungking, 1891. Capture of Taku Forts by Allies, 1900.
Death of Sir Hormusjee Mody, 1911.
Wed. Explosion of the “Union Star” at Shanghai, 17 persons killed and 10 wounded, 1862.
Disastrous inundation 'at Foochow, 2,000 lives lost, 1877.
Thurg. Shanghai occupied by British forces, 1842.
Macartney’s embassy arrived in China, 1793. Attack on mission premises at Hainan
city, 1891. Unprecedented floods in the West River, 1908.
Massacre at Tientsin, 1870.
Canton blockaded by English forces,1840. Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubileecelebration,1897,
Coronation of King George, V., 1911. Inauguration of Tsan Ching Yuan, Chinese
Administration Council, 1914.
Ki-ying visits Hongkong, 1843. Shock of earthquake in Hongkong, 1874. French troops
surprised by Chinese near Langson, 1884. Russian Baltic Fleet, after remaining six
weeks in Tonkin waters, sailed from Kamranh Bay northward, 1905. Handsome new
premises of the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank on the Bund, Shanghai, opened by
H.B.M. Minister (Sir R. Macleay, K.C.H.G.), 1923.
Lord Robert Cecil announced in the House of Commons that the Government had decid-
ed to prohibit trading with the enemy in China, 1915
Wed. Assassination of M. Carnot, President of the French Republic, 1894. Treaty of Nanking
exchanged, 1843. Attack on British Legation at Tokyo, 1862. Foundation-stone of
new wing of Berlin Foundling House laid by Lady May, 1914.
Treaty between England and China signed at Tientsin, 1858. Additional Convention
between France and China signed at Peking, 1887.
Treaty between France and China signed, 1858. Confiscation oi “ Prince Albert
by the British Consul and Customs at Canton, 1866.
Agreement effected between Great Britain and the United States for reciprocal protection
of British and American Trade Marks in China, 1905.
Sun. The Foreign Ministers admitted to an audience of the Emperor of China at Peking, 1873.
Indian Mints closed to silver, 1893. .
Mon. British expedition to China arrived, 1340. Opening of a section of the Shanghai and
Woosung Railway', 1876. Flooding of the Takasima coal mines, 1891.
THE JALENDAR FOR 1924
JCJLY-31 DAYS
SUNRISE SUNSET HONGKONG TEMPERATURE
. ...5h. 42m. 7h. 11m. 1922 1923
. ...5h. 48m. 7h. 11m. Maximum 87.3 86.1
Minimum ... 78.6 78.8.
MOON’S PHASES Mean 82.5 82.0>
d. h. i BAROMETER, 1923
New Moon P.M.
Fii-st Quarter 10 A.M.
Mean 29.70
Full Moon . 16 P.M. 1922 RAINFALL 1923
Last Quarter 24 12.800 inches 18.525 inches
F REMARKABLE EVENTS
Tues. 1 30 Hakodate, Kanagawa, and Nagasaki, Japan, opened to trade, 1857. Two Swedish mission-
aries murdered at Sungpu, 1893. Attempted assassination of Sir H. May on his return'
to Hongkong as Governor, 1912. Restoration of Emperor of China by Chang Hsun, 1917.
Wed. 2 Amoy forts and many junks destroyed by H.M.S. “Blode,” 1840. French Expedition
from the Hoongkiang anived in Hongkong, 1873. Hongkong Legislative Council
approved a develt pment scheme for the south side of the island of Hongkong, 1914.
Thurs. 3 2 Steamer “ Don Juan ” burnt at sea near Philippines; 145 persons' perished, 1893.
Hongkong low level electric tram service opened, 1904.
Fri. 4 Declaration American Independence, 1776. Telegraph cable laid between Hongkong
and Macao, 1884. U. S. Pacific Cable opened to Manila.
Satur, 5 Tinghai first taken, 1840. Attack on British Embassy at Tokyo, 1886. Duke ot
Connaught’s Statue unveiled in Hongkong, 1902. Hongkong Legislative Council voted
$50,000 for the relief of distress in the West River districts, 1914.
Sun. Order of nobility instituted in Japan, 1884.
Mon. Serious flooding of the West River involving great loss of life and damage to property, 1915.
Canton factories attacked by Chinese, 1846. Japanese occupy Sakhalin, 1905.
Wed.’ 8 First Dutch embassy arrived at Tientsin, 1656.
9 Portuguese fleet left Malacca for China, 1522. The Yangtsze blockaded by British
fleet, 1840. First Bazaar by Chinese held at Hongkong in.aid of relief of distress,
caused by West River floods, 1908. Rebellion against Yuan Shih Kai broke out in the-
Yangtsze provinces, 1913.
Fri. 10 Engagement between the U. S. Naval Forces and the Coreans. Amherst’s embassy
arrived in China, 1816.
11 Foreign Inspectorate of Customs established in Shanghai, 1854. Suspension of Hongkong
Police Officers for accepting bribes, 1897. Macau troops commenced operations
to exterminate pirates at Cniowan Island, 1910.
12 First English ship reached China, 1635. French gunboats fired on by Siamese at
Paknam, 1803. Pirates attacked S. S. “Sainam” on West River, killing Rev. Dr.
MacDonald and injuring several of the crew, 190o.
Mon. 13 Statue of Paul Beau unveiled at Hanoi, 1890. Tientsin native city captured by Allies,
1900. Chinese Imperial Edict declared bow and arrow obsolete arms, 1905.
Tues. 14 Shimonoseki forts bombarded by the English, French, and American squadrons, 1874.
Eruption of Bandai-san volcano, Japan, 500 persons killed, 1888. Radio-telegraphic
station at Cape D’Aguilar opened, 1915.
Wed. British trade with China re-opened, 1842, The King of Cambodia arrived on a visit to
Hongkong, 1872.
16 Ningpo Joss-house Riots, Shanghai, 15 killed and many wounded. Agreement between
Russia and China on Amur River, 1900. Crisis at Peking; Chihli fights Anfu faction
and 6,000 casualties reported, 1920.
17 Terrible earthquake at Manila, 1880. Additional Article to Chefoo Convention signed in
London, 1885. Li Hung-chang passed through Hongkong on his way North, 1900.
Chan Kwing Ming declared independence of Kwangtung, 1913. Hongkong’s two-
days’ Peace Celebrations begin, 1919.
18 Nanking captured by the Imperialists, 1864. Indo-China S.S. “Hopsang” sunk by
Russians, Pechili Gulf, 1904.
Wreck of the C.M.S.N. Co.’sstr. “Pautah”on Shantung Promontory, 1887.
20 Yellow River burst its banks at Chang-kiu, Shangtung, great inundation, 1889. Typhoon-
21 in Hongkong, 1902. Death of Sir Kai Ho Kai of the Hongkong Executive Council, 1914.
22 Armed attack on Japanese Legation at Seoul, Corea, and eight inmates killed, 1882.
23 British trade prohibited at Canton, 1834. Anglo-Chinese Burmah Convention signed
at Peking, 1886.
24 “ Kowshing,” British steamer, carrying Chinese troops, sunk by Japanese, with loss
of about 1,000 lives, 1894. Defeat of British forces at Taku, Admiral Hope wounded,,
1850. First visit of Prince Chun, the Emperor’s brother, to Hongkong, 1901. Japanese
occupy Newchwang, 1904.
25 Great flood at Chefoo kills 1,000,1903. Boyal Proclamation forbidding British subjects to-
trade with the enemy in China and Siam came into force, 1915.
Canton opened to British trade, 1843. Terrific typhoon at Canton, Macao, Hongkong,
and Whampoa; loss of life estimated at 40,000 persons, 1862. Disastrous typhoon at
Hongkong, 1908. “Empress of China” wrecked, 1911.
27 Nanking re-taken by ..Imperialists, 1864. Sir Matthew Nathan arrived Hongkong, 1904.
Baron de Macar sentenced at Shanghai to a year’s imprisonment for false pretences and
abuse of confidence in connection with the flotation of “The British and Belgian
Industrial Bank of China,” 1914. Severe typhoon visits Shanghai, 1915.
29 German gunboat “ litis ” wrecked off ShantungPromontory, all but eleven of the crew per-
ished, 1896. Outbreak of rebellion at Manila,1896. Emperor Mutsuhitoof Japan died 1912.
Wed. 30 29 Severe typhoon at Macao, 1836.
Tlmrs. 31 30 Hongkong low level electric tram service started, 1904.
.xiv THE CALENDAR FOR 1924
AUGUST-31 DAYS
SUNRISE SUNSET HONGKONG TEMPERATURE
1st 5h. 54m. 7h. 04m. 1922 1923
15th ... ...6h. 00m. 6h. 55m. Maximum 87.3 86.5
MOON’S PHASES Minimum 78.8 77.5
d. h. m Mean 82.4 81.2
New Moon- 1 3 42 A.M.
BAROMETER, 1923
First Quarter 8 ]1 41 A.M.
Full Moon 15 4 19 A.M.
Mean ... 29.65
Last Quarter 22 5 10 P.M. 1922 RAINFALL 1923
New Moon 30 4 37 P.M. 17.535 inches 34.310 inches
DAYS OF DAYS OF 7 &« CHRONOLOGY OF REMARKABLE EVENTS
WKKK MONTH MOONS
Fri. 1 1 Both China and Japan declare war, 1894. Kucheng massacre, 1895. Germany declared
war against Russia, 1914.
Satur. 2 2 Victims of massacre at Tientsin buried, 1870. Swatow struck by disastrous typhoon
and tidal wave, which did extensive damage to shipping and house property and
caused the loss of many thousands of lives, 1922.
Sun. 3 3 British fleet arrived before Nanking, 1842. First Chinese Bazaar held at Canton, 1908.
War declared by Great Britain against Germany, 1914. Macartney’s Embassy entered
Peiho, 1796. Bombardment of Keelung by French, 1884. Allied march on Peking
started, 1900. Li Hung Chang visited Queen Victoria, 1896.
Toes. Political unrest in Kwangtung culminated in seriour Tghting 1916.
Wed. Serious flood at Tientsin, 1871. Hongkong Volunteers mobilised, 1914.
Thurs. British Squadron arrived off the Peiho, 1840.
Fri. Assassination of Mr. Haber, German Consul, at Hakodate, 1874.
Satur. British troops landed at Nanking, 1842. Sun Yat Sen left Canton hurriedly on H.M.S.
“Moorhen” for Hongkong, whence he sailed for Shanghai, thus leaving his op-
ponents in undisputed possession of the city and province.
Sun. 10 Sir H. Pottinger arrived at Hongkong, 1841. Destructive typhoon at Foochow, 1888. Lady
May launched the IVar Drummer, first standard ship built in Hongkong, 1918.
MOD. 11 First public meeting of British merchants in Canton, called by Lord Napier, who
suggested the establishment of a Chamber of Commerce, 1834.
Tues. 12 12 174 British prisoners executed in Formosa, 1842. Manila occupied by U.S. Troops,
1898. Attempted assassination of Admiral Li Chun at Canton, 1911.
Wed. 13 13 Tong-ur-ku taken, 1860. Japanese squadron sinks Russian cruiser RuriTc near Tsushima,
1904. Fighting and looting at Canton following flight of rebel leaders, 1913. Compul-
sory Military Service Bill passed its third reading in the Legislative Council of the
Straits Settlements, 1915.
Thurs. 14 British steamer “ Glenfarg ” sunk after striking a submerged reck near Goto Islands, 1914.
China declares war against Germany and Austria-Hungary. 1917.
Fri. 15 Great fire on French Concession, Shanghai, 991 houses destroyed, loss Tls. 1,500,000,1879.
Total loss of the E, & A.- steamer ‘ ‘ Gatterthun ” near Sydney, 1895. Peking Legations
rescued, 1900. Murder of Messrs. Bruce and Lewis at Chengchow, Hunan, 1902.
Prince and Princess Arisugawa entertained at Hongkong, 1904. Disastrous tidal
waves on the north-w’eft coast of Korea, swept a>> ay hunureds of houses, did much
damage to shipping, and caused the loss of over 1,000 lives, 1923.
British trade of Canton stopped by Hong merchants, 1834. French Treaty with Siam
signed, 1856.
“Empress of India” sinks Chinese cruiser “Wong Tai” in collision near Swatow, 1903.
Destructive typhoon at Macao, 1913.
Lord Napier ordered by the Viceroy to leave Canton, 1834. Great fire in Hongkong, 1868.
Indian troops lauded in Shanghai, 1900. Large gang of pirates attacked Cheungchow,
killing three Indian constables, and looting the village, 1912. American Chamber of
Commerce established at Shanghai. 1915. Hongkong in 1923, was struck by the worst
typhoon experienced since 1903, the squall velocity reaching a maximum of 130 miles
an hour. Considerable damage was done to property on shore and to shipping in the
Harbour, but the loss of life was relatively small.
First conference between Sir Henry Pottinger and Ki-ying on board the “Cornwallis,”
at Nanking, 1842. Taku forts taken by the Allied forces, 1860.
Palace Revolution at Peking, Empress Dowager again assumes the Regency', 1898.
Governor Amaral, Macao, assassinated, 1849. Seizure of steamer “Spark” by pirates
between Canton and Macao, 1874. Telegraph line to Peking opened, 1884. Korea
annexed by Japanese, 1910. H.M.S. Bedford wrecked at Quelpart, 1910.
Large meeting in Hongkong to protest against the military contribution, 1864.
Chinese fleet at Pagoda Anchorage destroyed by French, 1884. Japan declared war on
Germany, who had ignored her request to evacuate Kiaochow with a view to its
“ eventual restoration ” to China, 1914.
Sun. 24 24 Wreck of the C. N. Co.’s str. “Tientsin” near Swatow, 1887. Disturbances at Amoy,
Japanese landed marines, 1900.
Mon. 25 British Chamber of Commerce established at Canton, 1834. Treaty between Great Britain
and Japan signed, 1858.
Tucs. 26 British left Macao, 1839. British steamer “Dunearn” foundered in a typhoon off Goto
Islands, 1908.
Wed. Amoy taken by the English, 296 guns captured, 1841.
Thurs. 28 Lord Amherst's Embassy^ 11 -JPRMBPMPI
left for Yuen-ming-yuen, 1816. Slavery' abolished^ British.
, Kimpai forts silenced by French, 1884. Hongkong Legislative
10,(1
Council passes Ordinance to admit enemy aliens only on licence fo- “3 years, 1919.
Fri. 29
Satur. 30 Wreck cf “Futami Mai _ r ,
Sun. 31 Severe typhoon on coast of China, many lives lost, and much damage done to shipping al
Hongkong, Macao and Whampoa, 1848.
THE CALENDAK FOR 1924
SEPTEMBER—30 DAYS
in* I
?
xvi THE CALENDAR FOR 1924
OCTOB £JR—31 DAYS
SUNRISE SUNSET HONGKONG TEMPERATURE
1st 6h. 15m. 6h. 11m. 1922 1923
15th 6h. 20m. 5h. 59m. Maximum 80.5 80.2
Minimum ... 72.1 72.5
ilooN’s PHASES Mean 75.5 76.0
d. h. m.
First Quarter 5 10 30 P.M. BAROMETER, 1923
Full Moon 13 4 21 A.M. Mean 2?.99 |
Last Quarter 21 6 54 A.M. 1922 RAINFALL 1923
New Moon 28 2 57 P.M. 2.025 inches 17.835 inches
CHROKOLOOY OP REMARKABLE EVENTS
The “Hong-kong Daily Press” started, 1857; Inauguration of Hongkong College of
Medicine, 1887. Hyogo declared an open port, 1892. Gold Standard adopted in Japan,
1897. British Section, Canton-Kowloon Railway opened, 1910. Arrival in Hongkong
of H.E. SirR. E. Stubbs to assume the Governorship, 1919.
Tamsui bombarded by French, 1884.
I ® Serious riot at Hongkong, 1884. Treaty between France and Siam signed at Bangkok,
1898. Withdrawal • of British steamers from West River, 1900. Chinese National
Assembly inaugurated, 1910. „ m ,
Attack on foreigners at Wenchow, 1884. Terrible fire at Amoy, 1902. Typhoon at
Hongkong, 1894. Canton-Kowloon Railway opened for through traffic, 1911. Founda-
tion-stone of new wing to the Tung Wah Hospitai, Hongkong, laid by H.E. The
Governor to commemorate the Hospital’s Jubilee, 1920.
Sun. French expedition left Chefoo for Corea, 1866. Arrival in Hongkong of Governor Sir
William Des Voeux, 1887. Marshal Tsao Kun elected President of China, 1923.
Mon. Hongkong Government agreed to lend the Viceroy of Wuchang £1,100,000 to repurchase
from an American syndicate the Canton-Hankow railway concession, 1905. H.R.H.
Prince Alfred visited Peking, but not received by the Emperor, 1869. Great public
meeting at Hongkong to consider increase of crime in Colony, 1878. Chinese Court
left Kaifengfu on its way to Peking, 1901. Hongkong Legislative Council passed
a Bill to prevent trading with the enemy, 1914.
disastrous defeats of Russians; casualties 45,800 Russian ; 15,879 Japanese, 1904.
Shanghai captured, 1841. Chinhai taken, 1841. Official inspection of Tientsin-Kaiping Rail-
way, 1888. Shanghai-Woosung Railway placed under Chinese control, 1904.
Lord*Napier died at Macao, 1834. Wreck off the Pescadores of the P. & O. str. “ Bokhara,”
with loss of 125 lives, 1892. Yuan Shih Kai inaugurated President of the Chinese
Republic, 1913.
Ningpo occupied by British forces, 1841. First ro
Mikado, 1872. Allies capture Paotingfu, 1900.
Explosion on the Chinese trooper “Kungpai,” loss of 500 lives, 1895.
WeT
Khanghoa, in Corea, taken by the French, 1866. i disaster betw<
Tsitsihar, resulting in mauv deaths, 1916.
St. John’s Cathedral, Hongkong, dedicated, 1842. Daring piracy n board the British st
“ Greyhound,” 1885. .
Satur. At a meeting of the Chartered Mercantile Bank of India, London and China, a scheme
of reconstruction was approved, 1892.
Sun. Great fire in Hongkong, 1859. Great typhoon at Formosa, 1861. Japanese Government-
welcomed American Battleship Fleet, 1908.
Mon. Terrific typhoon at Manila; enormous damage to property, 1882. The Shanghai and
Woosung railway closed by the Chinese Government, 1877.
H.R.H. Prince Alfred arrived at Shanghai, 1869. Cosmopolitan Dock opened, 1875
58 piratical vessels destroyed by Captains Hay and Wilcox, fl.M. ships “Columbine” and
“Fury,” 1849. Hongkong Legislative Council voted $100,000 to the Prince of Males
National Relief Fund, 1914. Arms and ammunition consigned to India by Germans
discovered at Shanghai, 1915.
Thurs. King Chulalongkorn of Siam died, 1910.
Fri. Japanese cross the Yalu, 1894. , '
Satur. Treaty of Whampoa between France and China signed, 1844. Kahding recaptured by
the Allies, 1862.
Chin-lien-cheng taken by the Japanese, 1894.
Serious earthquake in Central Japan, 7,500 persons killed, 1891. Attempted insurrection
at Canton, 1895. Prince Adalbert of Prussia visited Hongkong, 1904. Massacre of four
American Missionaries and a child at Linechow, 1905. Prince Ito assassinated at Har-
bin, 1909. Hon. Mr W. D. Barnes, Colonial Secretary of Hongkong, died suddenly
whilst playing polo, 1911. Bomb thrown in Canton, killed 37 people, 1914.
Note presented from the Powers to China advising the suspension of the monarchical
movement, 1915.
Wed. Portuguese frigate “ D. Maria II.” blown up at Macao, 1850.
Great fire in Hongkong, 1866. Fenghuang taken by the Japanese, 1894. Chinese Govern-
ment welemned American Rattleshin Fleet at Amoy. 1908.
THE CALENDAR FOR 1924 xvii
NOVEMBER—30 DAYS
SUNRISE SUNSET HONGKONG TEMPERATURE
1st 6h 27m. 5h. 46m. 1922 1923
15th 6h. 36m. 5h 40m. Maximum 74.1 75.6
Minimum ... 63.4 68.3
MOON’S PHASES
Mean 68.4 71.6
d. h. m.
First Quarter 4 6 18 A.M. BAROMETER, 1923
Full Moon 11 8 31 P.M. Mean 30.06
Last Quarter 20 1 38 A.M. 1922 RAINFALL 1923
New Moon ' 27 1 15 A.M. 0.535 inches 0.405 inches
DAYS OP DAYS OF 10 & II
CHRONOLOGY OP REMARKABLE EVENTS
WEEK MONTH MOONS
"'Satur. 1 5 ALL SAINTS DAY. The port of Quinhon,Annam, opened to foreign trade, 1S76. Riotous dis-
turbances at Hongkong connected with the boycott of Japanese goods, 1908. All
Germans in Hongkong of military age interned; others required to leave the
Colony, 1914. Presidential mandate issued denouncing Sun Yat-sen, 1914.
Sun. 2 6 Wreck of the U.S. cruiser “ Charleston ” off North Luzon. Wireless telegraph service
opened between Macao and Hongkong, 1920.
MOD. 3 7 Great Britain commenced the first war with China by the naval action of Chuen-pee, 1839.
Tues. 4 8 Hongkong Jockey Club, formed, 1884.
Wed. 5 9 Great fire at Macao, 500 houses burnt, 1834. Peking evacuated by the Allies, 1860.
President Yuan Shih Kai proclaimed Kucmintang a seditious organisation and unseated
438 members of Parliament, 1913.
Thurs. 0 10 English and French Treaties promulgated in the “Peking Gazette,” 1860. Indo-China
str. “Tingsang” wrecked in Haituri Straits.
Fri. Fall of Tsingtao to Anglo-Japanese force, 19,4.
Satur. 12 Death of Li Hung-chang, 1901.
Sun. 13 The French repulsed in Corea, 1866. Celebration of Queen Victoria’s Jubilee in Hongkong,
1887. Typhoon at Hongkong, 1900, H.M.S. “ Sandpiper ” and “ Canton City ” sunk.
Independence of Kwangtung province announced, 1911. German cruiser “Emden
destroyed by H.M.A.S. “Sydney ” at Cocos Island, 1914.
10 14 Statue of Sir Arthur Kennedy unveiled in the Botanic Gardens, Hongkong, 1887. Assas-
sination of Admiral Tseng Ju-cheng at Shanghai, 1915. Coronation of Emperor
Yoshihito of Japan, 1915.
15 H.M.S. “Racehorse” wrecked off Chefooinl864. New Chinese Tariff came into force, 1901.
Disturbances at Shanghai, following measures to prevent a plague epidemic, 1910.
Wed. Hongkong first lighted by gas, 1864. The Foreign Ministers had audience within the
Palace, Peking, 1894.
Earthquake at Shanghai, 1847. Macao Boundary Delimitation Conference at Hongkong
interrupted, 1909.
Convention signed between Russia and China, 1860. Celebration of Shanghai Jubilee,
1893. Germans took possession of Kiaochau Bay, 1897. De»th of the Chinese Emperor
Kwang Hsu, 1908. Armistice celebrations in Hongkong, 1918.
Satur. 15 H.M. gunboat “Gnat” lost on the Palawan, 1868. Opening of Canton-Fatshan Rail-
way, 1903. Death of the Chinese Empress Dowager Tze Au, 1908.
Sun. 16 Shanghai opened to foreign commerce, 1843. Celebration of Shanghai Jubilee, 1893.
Mon. Great fire in Hongkong, 1867. First section Shanghai-Nanking railway to Naziang opened.
General strike of printers commenced in Hongkong, 1911.
Tues. 18 Important Harbour Improvement works at Macao announced, invoh ing an expenditure
of over $10,000,000, 1920.
Wed. 19 Terrific gunpowder explosion at Amoy; upwards of 800 houses destroyed and several
hundred lives lost, 1887. Jesuit fathers expelled from Macao, 1910. Hongkong, Canton
and Mac io Steamboat Co.’s s.s. “ Sui An” pirated on her way from Macao to Hongkong
by 60 pirates, who had gone aboard as passengers, 1922.
Portuguese Custom House at Macao closed, 1845. Lord Elgin died, 1863.
Port Arthur taken by the Japanese, 1894. Departure of Governor Sir Henry Blake from
Hongkong, 1903. Rebels repulsed at Hankow, 1911.
Terrible boiler explosion on board the str. “ Yesso” in H.K. harbour, 86 lives lost, 1877.
Resignation en bloc of unofficial members of Hongkong Licensing Board asa protest against
the action of the Executive in restoring the licences of the Peak and Grand Hotels, 1915.
Chinese commenced boycott of trams in Hongkong which lasted seven weeks, 1912.
Death of the Hon. Mr. E. A. Hewett, C.M.G., member of the Executive and Legislative
Councils of Hongkong, 1916.
Capture of Anping, Formosa, 1868. Treaty between Portugal and China signed, 1871,
Imperial Diet of Japan met for the first time, 1890. Terrible floods in Chihli; Hong-
kong voted $100,000 towards relief of distress, 1916.
Wed. 26 Edict issued by the Viceroy of Canton forbidding trade with British ships, 1839.
Thurs. 27 M. Thiers accepts the apology of Ch’ungHow, the Chinese Ambassador, for the murder
of the French at Tientsin (June 21st, 1870), 1871.
Fri. Foreign factories burnt at Canton, 1856. Great fire in Hongkong, 1867. Blake Pier,
Hongkong, opened, 1900.
Satur. Opening of the Japanese Diet at Tokyo by the Emperor in person, 1890. Revolt of
troops at Macao, 1910.
Sun. 1ST IN ABVBNT. ST. ANDREW’S DAY. ST. Joseph’s Church, Hongkong, consecrated, 1872.
The Japanese cruiser “ Chishima Kan” sunk in collision with the I1. & O. steamer
“Ravenna" in the Inland Sea, 61 lives lost, 1892. Armistice arranged between
Chinese Revolutionists and Imperialists, 1911.
THE CALENDAR FOR 1924
DECEMBER-31 DAYS
SUNRISE SUNSET HONGKONG TEMPERATURE
1st 6h. 47m. 5h. 38m. 1922 1923
15th ... ...6h. 55m. 5h. 41m. Maximum 66.8 68.8
31st 7h. 03m. 5h. 49m. Minimum 57.4 60.6
Mean 61.7 64.3
MOON’S PHASES
d. h. m. BAROMETER, 1923
First Quarter 3 5 10 P.M.
Mean ... 30.19
Full Moon 11 3
Last Quarter 19 6 11 P.M. 1922 RAINFALL 1923
New Moon 26 11 46 A.M. 0.740 inches 0.315 inches
CHRONOLOGY OF REMARKABLE EVENTS
| Queen Alexandra born, 1844.
! Large public meeting at City Hall, Hongkong, approves of new Club for joint use of
j eivilans, and services under Y.M.C.A. management, as the main War Memorial of the
| Colony, 1920. Scheme dropped later.
I S. Francis Xavier died on Sanchoan, 1552.
First censu. of Hongkong taken, ponulation 15,000, 1841.
! Six foreigner's killed at Wang-chuh-ki, 1847. Soochow re-taken by the Imperialists under
| General Gordon, 1863. The Japanese warship “ Unebi-kan ” left Singapore and not
heard of again, 1886.
Satur.
Sun. 2ND IN ADVENT. European factories at Canton destroyed by a mob, 1842. Foundation-
stone of new Portuguese Club in Duddell Street, Hongkong, laidby H.E, The Governor
of Macao, 1920.
Mon.
Tues. Ningpo captured by the Taipings, 1861. Consecration of new Pei-tang Cathedral, Peking,.
1888. Piratical attack on Portuguese str. “American,” near Macao, the captain being
killed, 1913.
Piracy on board the Douglas str. “Namoa,” five hours after leaving Hongkong.
Captain Pocock and three others murdered and several seriously wounded, 1890.
Arrival in Hongkong of Governor Sir William Robinson, 1891. Formal transfer of
administration of former leased territory of Kiaochow by Japan to China, 1922.
Indemnity paid by Prince of Satsuma, 1863. Admiral Bell, U.S.N., drowned at Osaka,
1867.
Imperial Decree stating that the Foreign Ministers at Peking are to be received in
audience every New Year, 1890.
French flag hauled down from the Consulate at Canton by Chinese, 1832. First
reception of foreign ladies by the Empress Dowager of China, 1898. President Yuan
Shih-kai invited to ascend the Dragon Throne of China by a unanimous vote of the
provincial delegates at Peking, 1915.
3RD IN ADVENT.
All Roman Catholic Priests (not Portuguese) expelled from Macao, 1838. Hongkong Prize
Court condemned German steamer “ Tannenfels,” seized as a prize by the destroyer
“ Chelmer,” 1914.
Memorial Stone of New Harbour of Refuge at Mongkoktsui laid by H.E. Sir Henry
May, 1915.
Wed. United States District Court for China opened at Shanghai, 1906. Sir W. Des Vceux,
formerly Governor of Hongkong, died, 1909. H.E. Sir R. E. Stubbs inspects Hong-
kong Defence Corps on its last parade, 1919. Coastal shipping strike at Hongkong,
1919.
Sir Hugh Gough and the Eastern Expedition left China, 1842.
Arrival of Princes Albert Victor and George of Wales at Hongkong in the “Bacchante,”
1881. Two cotton mills destroyed by fire at Osaka, 120 persons burnt to death, 1893.
Sun.
Mon.
Tues.
Tuan Fane murdered, 1911.
4TH IN ADVENT. Steam navigation first attempted, 1736.
3
Two Mandarins arrived at Macao with secret orders t watch the movements of
Plenipotentiary Elliot, 1836.
Sir Henry May, of Hongkong, appointed Governor of Fiji, 1910. One million dollars
worth of forged Chinese banknotes seized in Hongkong, 1912. President Yuan Shih-
kai performed the Worship of Heaven, 1914.
British Consulate at Shanghai destroyed by fire, 1870.
CHRISTMAS DAY. Great fire in Hongkong, 368 houses destroyed, immense destruction
of property, 1878.
BANK HOLIDAY. ST. STEPHEN. Great fire £ t Tokyo, 11,000 houses destroyed, 26
lives lost, 1897.
Dedication of Hongkong Masonic Hall, 1865. _
1ST AFTER CHRISTMAS. Canton bombarded by Allied forces of Great Britain and France,
1857. S S. “ Hydrangea” pirated by passengers in Bias Bay on her way from Hong-
kong to Swatow, 1923.
Mon.
Tues.
Wed. Dr. Sun Yat Sen elected Provisional President of the Republic of China, 19M
IINESE FESTIVALS AND OBSERVANCES IN 1924
6 Slight Cold.
21 Great Cold.
28 Worship of the god of the hearth at nightfall.
29 The god of the hearth reports to heaven.
Feb.! Beginning of Spring, Chinese New Year’s Day.
19 Feast of Lanterns, FOte of Shang-yuen, ruler of heaven.
20 Bain Water.
Mar. Excited Insects. Mencius born, B.C. 371. Fete of the gods of land.
7 Fete of the god of literature, worshipped by students.
17 Fete day of Hung-shing, god of the Canton river, powerful to preserve-
people from drowning, and for sending rain in times of drought.
21 Vernal Equinox.
23 Fete of Kwanyin, goddess of mercy;
Apr, Tsing-ming or Tomb Festival; on this' day peopleJworship at their
ancestors’ graves.
6 Fete of Hiuen T’ien Shang-ti, the supreme ruler of the sombre heavens
and of Peh-te, Tauist god of the North Pole.
20 Corn Bain.
26 Fete of Tien Heu, Queen of Heaven, Holy mother, goddess of sailors.
May Beginning of Summer.
20 Fete of Kin Hwa, the Cantonese goddess of parturition.
21 Small Fullness.
June Sprouting Seeds. National fete day. Dragon boat festival and boat races.-
14 National fete of the son of Kwan Ti, god of war.
16 Anniversary of the Formation of Heaven and Earth.
22 Summer Solstice.
July Slight Heat.
20 Fete of the Goddess of Mercy.
23 Great Heat.
25 Fete of Kwan Ti, god of war,
1 First day of the seventh moon. During this moon is held the festival of all
souls, when Buddhist and Tauist priests read masses to release souls from
purgatory, scatter rice to feed starving ghosts, recite magic incantations
accompanied by finger play imitating mystic Sanskrit characters which
are supposed to comfort souls in purgatory, burn paper clothes for the
benefit of the souls of the drowned, and visit family shrines to pray on
behalf of the deceased members of the family. Exhibitions of groups
of statuettes, dwarf plants, silk festoons, and ancestral tablets are com-
bined with these ceremonies, which are enlivened by music and fireworks,
7 F6te of the seven goddesses of the Pleiades, worshipped by women.
8 Beginning of Autumn.
15 Fete of Chung Yuen, god of the element earth.
22 FSte of the god of wealth.
23 Heat Abating.
29 Fete of Ti Ts’ang-wang, the patron of departed spirits.
Sept.
8 White Dew.
13 National fete day. Worship of the moon, and Feast of Lanterns.
23 Autumnal Equinox. Fete of the god of the Sun.
25 Fete of Confucius (born 552 B.C.), the founder of Chinese ethics and politics,
Oct. 7 Chung Yang Festival, kite-flying day; people on this day worship at their
ancestors’ graves and ascend mountains for pleasure.
8 Cold Dew.
24 Frost Descent.
26 FSte day of Hwa K wang, the god of fire.
Nov. 5 Beginning of Winter.
11 Fete day of Ha Yuen, the god of water.
22 Slight Snow.
Dec.
7 Heavy Snow.
22 Winter Solstice.
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CHINA, STRAITS, SI Am, INDIA,
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RISING SUN PETROLEUM GO.
JAPAN AND FORMOSA
BANKS
Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation.
AUTHORISED
PAID-UP CAPITAL
CAPITAL $50,000,000
$20,000,000
RESERVE FUNDS: —
STERLING £4,500,000
RESERVESILVER LIABILITY OF PROPRIETORS $25,500,000$20,000,000
COURT OF DIRECTORS:
DEPUTYCHAIRMAN—D G. M. BERNARD, DEN,
Esq. Esq.
A. H.G.COMPTON,
T.Hon.
M. Mr. Esq. Esq.CHAIRMAN—W. L. PATTEN
EDKINS, . PLUMMER, Esq.Esq.
P. H.A.HOLYOAK. J. P.
N.WARREN,
L.H.WA'
Hon. Mr. O. LANG. P. lWHITE,
'SON, Esq.Esq.
BRANCHES, AGENCIES AND SUB-AGENCIES:
AMOY
BANGKOK HONGKONG PENANG
BATAVIA ILOILO RANGOON
SAIGON
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JOHORE SAN FRANCISCO
CALCUTTA
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CHEFOO
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LONDON LUMPUR SINGAPORE(HONGKEW)
Do.
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FOOCHOW
HAIPHONG MANILA TIENTSIN
HANKOW NAGASAKI
NEW YORK TSINGTAU
YLADIVOSTOCK
HARBIN PEKING YOKOHAMA
CHIEF MANAGER: Hongkong—Hon. Mr. A. G. STEPHEN.
MANAGER: Hongkong-A. H. BARGOW.
MANAGER: Shanghai—G. H. STITT.
LONDON OFFICE—9, GRACECHURCH STREET.
LONDON BANKERS:
WESTMINSTER BANK, LIMITED.
Interest Allowed
On Current Deposit Accounts at the rate of 2 per cent, per annum on
the daily balance.
On Fixed Deposits:—
Rates may be ascertained on application.
LOCAL BILLS DISCOUNTED.
Credits granted on approved Securities, and every description of Banking and
Exchange business transacted.
Drafts granted on London and the chief commercial places in Europe, India,
Australia, America, China, and Japan.
A. G. STEPHEN,
Hongkong, February, 1924. Chief Manager.
xxxii • BANKS
Chartered Baok of India, Australia and China
Head Office: —38, BISHOPSGATE, LONDON.
INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER.
PAID-UP CAPITAL £3,000,000
RESERVE FUND £3,800,000
Court of Directors
-Sir MONTAGU COBNISH TURNER, Chairman. Rt. Rt. Hon.
Hon. Lord G. HAMILTON,
Sir JOHN g.c.s.i.
JORDAN, k.c.m.g.,
COLIN FREDERICK CAMPBELL, Esq. Wm. FOOT MITCHELL, Esq.' '
THOMAS
Sir ALFREDCUTHBERTSON,
DENT, k.c.m.g.Esq. J. M. G. PROPHIT, Esq.
Sir Wm. H. NEVILLE GOSCHEN, k.b.e. | LEWIS A. WALLACE, Esq.
:o:—
Cbict manager
W. E. PRESTON
Sub-manager
J. L. CROCKATT
ID. C. WILSON, f.c.a. Auditors
| H. C. K. STILEMAN, f.c.a.
The Bank of England Bankers
The Midland Bank, Limited
The Westminster Bank, Limited
The National Provincial and Union Bank of England, Limited
The National Bank of Scotland, Limited
Agencies and Branches
Alor Star
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Correspondents in the Chief Commercial places in - -
Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and America,
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BANKS xxiii*
THE
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Authorised Capital .£3,000,000
Paid-up .£1,050,000
Reserve Fund and Undivided Profits ...£1,352,105
HEAD OFFICE: 15, GRACECHURCH ST., LONDON, E.C. 3.
BANKERS :
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BRANCHES :
BANGKOK HOWRAH PENANG
BATAVIA KANDY PORT LOUIS (Mauritius)
BOMBAY KARACHI RANGOON
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HONGKONG NEW YORK SOURABAYA
HONGKONG BRANCH.
Every description of Banking and Exchange business transacted.
INTEREST allowed on Current Accounts at 2 per cent,
per annum on the Daily Balances and on Eixed Deposits at rates that
may be ascertained on application.
Telegraphic Address: “PARADISE.”
M. C. WILSON,
Hongkong, ist January, 1924. Manager,
xxiv BANKS
BANQUE
DE
PARIS EX DES PAYS BAS
ESTABLISHED 1872.
CAPITAL (FULLY PAID) Frs 200,000,000
RESERVE FUNDS Frs 160,000,000
HEAD OFFICE: 3 Rue d'Antin PARIS
Travellers’ Office : 88 Champs Elysees PARIS
BRANCHES:
AMSTERDAM, ROTTERDAM, BRUSSELS, GENEVA
Correspondents in all parts of the World
EVERY DESCRIPTION OF
BANKING BUSINESS TRANSACTED
Telegraphic Address: “PARIBAS”
(For Head Office and Branches)
BANKS XX
SOGIETE FRANGAISE DE GERANGE
DE LA
BANQUE INDUSTRIELLE DE CHINE
CAPITAL Frs 10,000,000
WORKING CAPITAL Frs 50,000,000
placed
toChine at the disposal
the dated
agreement withofthethe1922)
Company
Banque (according
Industrielle de
3rd October,
HEAD OFFICE: 74 Rue Saint Lazare PARIS
AGENCIES:
FRANCE
LYONS MARSEILLES
INDO CHINA
SAIGON HAIPHONG HAND!
CHINA
PEKIN SHANGHAI TIENTSIN HANKEOU HONG-KONG CANTON
Correspondents in all the Far East
EVERY DESCRIPTION OF
BANKING BUSINESS TRANSACTED
AND MORE ESPECIALLY THOSE WITH THE
FAR EAST
Telegraphic Address: GERANCHINE” Paris and Branches
-XXVI BANKS
Societe Francaise de Geranoe
de la Banque Industrille de Chine.
Subscribed Capital Frs. 10,000,000
Paid-up Capital Frs. 2,500,000
Working Capital (Provided by Banque Industrielle de Chine) Frs. 50,000,000
Court of Directors:
Chairman :—M. G. GRIOLET, Chairman of Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas.
Vice-Chairman:—M. C. GRAND JEAN, Chairman of Credit Fonder Colonial.
M.M. G.J, Argellies,
Audap, Landowner. Banque M.M. E. Menetrier, Manufacturer.
Joint-Manager,
Nationale de Credit, Paris. E. Oudot, Manager, Banque de
Paris et des Pays-Bas.
J. Chevalier, Manager, Banque de L. Pissard, Chairman, Banque de
Paris et des Pays-Bas, Paris. la Seine, Paris.
A. Furst, Banker, Paris. E. Regnault, Director, Crddit
Foncier d’Algerie et de Tunisie,
S, Lorsignol, Manager, Banque Paris.
Francaise et Italienne pour R. Salle, Landowner.
PAmdrique du Sud, Paris. Tai-Ming-Fu, Second Secretary,
M, Casenave, late Plenipotentiary Chinese Legation, Paris.
Minister. E. Ogier, late State Minister.
Managing Committee:
M.M. J. Audap, Director, I M.M, E. Oudot, Director.
C. Grandjean, do, | G. Carrere, General Manager.
Branches, Agencies and Sub-Agencies:
CANTON || LYON SAIGON
HAIPHONG MARSEILLE SHANGHAI
TIENTSIN
HANKOW |I PARIS
PEKING
HANOI
PARIS OFFICE: 74, RUE SAiNT-LAZARE.
BANKERS
In France :
Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas. | Banque Nationale de Credit.
Societe Generale pour favoriser le Commerce et lTndustrie, etc.
In London:
Midland Bank, Ltd. | Banca Commerciale Italiana.
Lloyds Bank, Ltd. (Cox’s Branch).
In New York:
Irving Bank Columbia Trust Co. | Banca Commerciale Italiana.
Correspondents throughout the world.
BANKS xxvii
Hn.
Capital & Surplus ... U.S. $10,000,000
(Owned by THE NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK)
HEAD OFFICE: 60, Wall Street, NEW YORK.
BRANCHES
XONDON 36, Bishopscratp, E.C. JAVA :—Batavia, Sourabaya.
SAN FTtANCISCO 232, Montgomery INDIA Bombay, Calcutta, Rangoon.
Street.
CHINA :—Canton, Hankow, Harbin, PANAMA :—Colon, Panama.
Hongkong. Peking, Shanghai,
Tientsin, Dairen. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS Cebu,
JAPAN Kobe. Yokohama, Tokyo. Manila.
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Puerto
Plata, San Perlro de Macoris, SPAIN :—Barcelona, Madrid.
Sanchez, Santo Domingo, Barahona,
San Francisco de Macoris, Santiago STRAITS SETTLEMENTS
de los Caballeros, La Vega. Singapore.
BRANCHES OF THE NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK: -
AROENTINA:—Buenos Aires, Rosario. FRANCE Paris.
BELGIUM :—Antwerp, Brussels.
BRAZIL:—Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, ITALY :—Genoa.
Santos, Sao Paulo. PERU:—Lima.
CHILE :—Santiago, Valparaiso.
CUBA :—Havana and all principal Cities PORTO RICO :—Ponce, San Juan.
on the Island.
ENGLAND:—London (City Branch), URUGUAYMontevideo.
VENEZUELA >— Caracas.
(West End Branch).
All descriptions of Banking Business transacted.
Interest allowed on Current and Savings Accounts and Fixed Deposits in
Local or Foreign Currencies at rates to be ascertained on application.
GfORGE fflGGG,
Manager.
Hongkong, January, 1924.
xxviii BANKS
BANK OF TAIWAN, FD.
(TAIWAN GINKO).
Incorporated by Special Imperial Charter, 1899-
CAPITAL SUBSCRIBED Yen 60,000,000
CAPITAL PAID-UP „ 52,000,00a
RESERVE FUND „ 12,980,00a
HEAD OFFICE:
TAIPEH, FORMOSA.
BRANCHES:
Japan—Kobe, Osaka, Tokyo, Yokohama, Moji.
Formosa—Heitoh, Giran, Kagi, Karenkoh, Keelung,
Makung, Pinan, Shinchiku, Taichu, Tainan,
Takow, Tamsui, Tohyen, Manto.
China—Amoy, Canton, Foochow, Hankow, Kiu-
kiang, Shanghai, Swatow.
Others—Hongkong, London, Hew York, Singapore,
Soerabaia, Samarang, Bombay, Batavia,
Bangkok.
LONDON BANKERS:
Capital and Counties Bank, London and South-Western Bank,.
Parr’s Bank.
The Bank has Correspondents in the Commercial centres of
Russia, Manchuria, Indo-China, India, Philippine Islands, Java,
Australia, America, South Africa and elsewhere.
HONGKONG OFFICE:
Prince’s Building, 3, Des Voeux Road,
S. KONDOH, Manager. J. YAMAMOTO and M. HSHI, Sign per pro.
BANKS xxix
m ft mwm
The Chinese Merchants Bank, Ltd.
HONGKONG
Established 1918.
Authorized Capital $5,0##,000.00
Paid-up Capital 1,250,000.00
Reserve Funds 70,000.00
Branches:
NEW YORK SHANGHAI CANTON SAIGON
Principal Correspondents:
LONDONMidland Bank, Ltd. SANBank.
FRANCISCO:—Italian-American
NEWpanyYOBKGuaranty Trust Bank
of New York, and Irving Com-
Columbia Trust Co. MANILA:—Philippines National Bank,
and China Banking Corporation.
PARIS:—Comptoir National d’Escompte SINGAPORE:—The Lee Wah Bank, Ltd.
de Paris.
Chairman ot the Board of Directors
LAU YUE FONG, Esq.
Chief Manager K. C. LAU, Esq.
Assistant Manager S. IU SZTO, Esq.
Chief Accountant H. Y. CHEUNG, Esq.
Treasurer LAU HEY SHING, Esq.
Fixed deposits are received at the following rates:—
For Twelve Months 54% I For Three Months
For Six Months 4|% I For Savings Account 4%
Every description of Banking Business transacted.
Loans granted on approved securities.
PROMPT SERVICE IS OUR SPECIALTY.
XXX BANKS
The Bank of Canton,
Limited.
Head Office: HONGKONG.
Authorized Capital ... £1,200,000
Capital Paid Up
Silver Reserve Fund Hongkong $700,000
Branches:
NEW YORK, SHANGHAI, CANTON, BANGKOK, HANKOW.
Agencies:
LONDON, SAN FRANCISCO, YOKOHAMA, CALCUTTA, BATAVIA,
Etc., Etc.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE and General Banking Business transacted.
Interest allowed on Deposits at rate which may be quoted on application.
LOOK POOIMG SHAN,
Chief Manager.
CDe Bank of Cast Asia, Citnited
HEAD OFFICE:
No. 10, Des Vceux Road Central, HONGKONG.
Established 1919.
Authorized Capital - $10,000,000
Paid-Up Capital $5,000,000
Reserve Fund $750,000
Directors:
Mr. Pong Wax Ting, Chairrm
Hon.LiMr.Koon
Mr. ChowChun.
Shod Son. Mr. Ng Chang Luk. Mr. Mok Ching Kong.
Mr. Mn Hl ynh Tal Mr. Wong Yun Tong.
Mr. Fung Ping Shan.
P. K. Kwok. Mr. Kan Ying Po. Mr. Chan Ching Shek..
Chiej Manager—Mv. Kan Tong Po. Manager—Mr. Li Tse Fong.
Branches and Agencies:
LONDON SINGAPORE NEW YORK HANKOW
PARIS
SHANGHAI TIENTSIN SAN FRANCISCO BATAVIA
YOKOHAMA SOURABAYA
KOBE MANILA SAIGON BOMBAY
NAGASAKI SAMAKANG CALCUTTA PENANG CANTON
London Banker : —The Midland Bank Ltd.
Every description
on approved securities.of Banking and Exchange business transacted. Loans granted
KAN TONG PO, Chief Manager.
BANKS AND CURIOS DEALERS xxxi
HONGKONG SAVINGS BANK.
):«:(
The Business of the above Bank is conducted by the
HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION.
Buies may he obtained on application.
INTEREST on Deposits is allowed at Per Cent, per annum
on the minimum monthly balances.
Depositors may transfer at their option balances of $100 or more to the Hongkong^
and Shanghai Bank, to be placed on FIXED DEPOSIT at current rates.
For the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation,
A. G. STEPHEN,
Hongkong, February, 1924. Chief Manager.
LOCK HUNG.
Established 1870.
Dealers in Chinese and Japanese Curios ; Canton and Shanghai Silks;
Grass Cloths, Embroideries, Crapes, Shawls; Ivory, Bronze,
Lacquered, Cloisonne, and Porcelain Ornaments.
Manufacturers of Blackwood Furniture, Inlaid and Carved:—
Chairs, Tables, Stands. Gold and Silver Jewellery.
VISITORS TO HONGKONG SHOULD NOT FAIL TO SEE OUR SH0W=R00MS:
No. 33, Queen’s Road Central, HONGKONG.
B
XXX11 SHIPPING
P. & 0.,B. I., APCAR
AND
EASTERN & AUSTRALIAN LINES
Companies incorporated in England.
ROUND THE WORLD TOURS. CIRCULAR TICKETS via SUEZ.
DIRECT STEAMERS JAPAN, CHINA, AUSTRALIA.
MAIL and PASSENGER SERVICES
(Under Contract with H.M. Government)
Shanghai, Japan, Straits, Java, Burma, Ceylon,
India, Persian Gulf, West Indies, Mauritius,
East and South Africa, Australia, New
Zealand, Egypt, Europe, etc.
For full Information, Passage Fares, Freight, Handbooks,
Dates of Sailing, etc., apply to
MACKINNON, MACKENZIE & CO.,
Telephone No. 19. Agents.
SHIPPING xxxiii
INOO-CIA STEAM NAVIGATIOI Co,, Ltd.
Calcutta arid Japan LineVessels leave Hongkong for Calcutta via '
Singapore
Calcutta oneandsteamer
Penangeveryapproximately
three weeksevery 10 days;
proceeds on thevia return
to Kobe journey from'
Shanghai.
All steamers on this Line have, excellent passenger accommodation, are fitted
with wireless, electric fans, and carry a, fully qualified Doctor.
Cargo accepted on through Bills of Lading toJElangoon, Port Swettenham, Madras
.and Dutch East Indies.
Canton-Hongkong-Shanghai-Tsingtau Line Sailings approximately
■eSteamers
very three daysLine
on this between
have aCanton,
limitedtoHongkong,
amount of'Shanghai
passenger and Tsingtau via Through
accommodation. Swatow.
Tickets and Bills of Lading issued all Northern and Yangtsze Ports.
Weekly through sailings are maintained by steamers on the above Line to
Pukow.
Hongkong-SVIaniSa Line :—A weekly service is maintained between Hongkong
and
tons Manila by theeachs.s.port
each, leaving Suisang
everyand s.s. Yuensang,
Saturday at 11 a.m.twoThese
new 14-knot steamers
two vessels of 3,229
are equipped
with wireless and have excellent 1st class accommodation, smoke-room and lounge.
Hongkong-Haiphong Line:—A weekly service is maintained between
Hongkong and Haiphong for passengers and cargo; sailings from both ports every
Sunday via Hoihow.
Borneos.s. Line:—Fortnightly
steamers, Hinsang sailings toboth
and s.s.on Mausang, and from Sandakan bygood
two passenger
5,000 ton
accommodation. Cargo taken through Bills ofsteamers Lading having
for Kudat, Jesselton,
Labuan, Tawao and Lahad Datu.
Hongkong-Tientsin Line: A regular service is run from February to Decem-
ber between Hongkong and Tientsin, calling at Weihaiwei and Chefoo, steamers
leaving about every 10 days.
Bangkok Line:—A regular weekly service is'maintained between Hongkong
and Bangkok via Swatow, sailing from Hongkong every Tuesday.
Shanghai-Tientsin Line:—The steamers Fausang, tons 2,251, and King&ing,
tons
about 1,983,
everyand
threeTingsang, leave Shanghai for Tientsin via, Weihaiwei and Chefoo
accommodation. ' days during the season. These steamers have excellent passenger
tons Yangtsre Line:—The
3,923, Tuckvjo, Twin-screw
tons 3,770, Suiwo, steamers Abw/ico{'
tons 2,672, and cKutwo,
ompletedtons
1922),2,665,
Loongwo,
also
s.s. Luenho, tons 2,868, maintain a daily service from Shanghai
Nanking, Wuhu, Kiukiang, and Hankow, connecting at the last-mentioned port with for Chinkiang,
the steamers Kiangwo, Changwo and Tungwo.
The Kiangwo and Tungvio run between Hankow and Ichang sailing weekly,
•calling at Yochow and Shasi.
The Changwo runs between Hankow and Yochow, Changsha and Siangtan.
rail, Round TriptoTickets
and back Shanghaiare by
issued from Shanghai
steamer, to Hankow,
and vice-versa, thence
at reduced rates,to affording
Tientsin by an
opportunity of visiting Peking.
Amoy-Manila Line :—Weekly sailings are maintained between these two ports.
Jardine, Matheson & Co., Limited,
General Managers, Hongkong & Shanghai.
xxxiv SHIPPING
Douglas Steamsbiu Companp, £>1
HONGKONG AND SOUTH CHINA COAST-PORT SERVICE.
Regular Service of Fast, High-Class Coast Steamers, having good
accommodation for First-Class Passengers, Electric Light
and Fans in State-rooms. Arrivals and Departures from
the Company's Wharf (near Blake Pier).
Sailing to Swatow, Amoy and Foochow on Tuesdays and Fridays.
Round trip to Foochow, calling at Swatow and Amoy,
occupies about nine days. Stay of Steamers at Swatow
and Amoy on upward and downward trip about 8 hours.
Stay at Foochow 48 hours.
FLEET OF STEAMERS :—
“MAINiNG” Tons 2,300
“ MAI YANG ” . ,, 2,289
“ HAICHING ” ,, 2,080
“ HAIHONG ” ,, 2,067
“ HAIFOONG ” » 1,861
For Freight and Passage apply to:—
DOUGLAS LAPRAIK & Go.,.
General Managers,
20, Des Voeux Road Central, Hongkong.
Agents at Coast Ports:—
At Amoy -Messrs. DOUGLAS LAPRAIK & Co.
At Swatow and Foochow—Messrs. JARDINE, MATHESON & Co., Ltd*
SHIPPING XXXV
Nippon Yusen Kaisha
(JAPAN IVJACL STEAMSHIP CO.;
N.Y»K. LINES CIRCLE THE GLOBE.
110 Vessels
with every
modern im-
provement,
aggregating
600,000 gross
tons,
Head, Office:
TOKYO.
BRANCHES AND AGENCIES AT PRINCIPAL PORTS OF THE WORLD.
PRINCIPAL SERVICES OE MAIL STEAMERS:
EUROPEAN LINE :—Fortnightly.
For London and Antwerp from Yokohama, w'a Kobe, | By 11 Steamers of
Moji, Shanghai, Hongkong, Singapore,
Penang, Colombo, Suez, Port Said Malacca, !- 8,000 to 11,000 Tons Gross.
and Marseilles.;
AMERICAN LINE :—Three-weekly.
ForShanghai,
Victoria, B.C., and Seattle from Hongkong, via By 4 Steamers of
Yokohama. Nagasaki, Kobe, Yokkaichi, and 12,300 to 12,500 Tons Gross.
AUSTRALIAN LINE -.—Monthly.
ForYokkaichi,
Sydney and Melbourne from Yokohama, via\
Zamboanga, Thursday Island,Hongkong,
Kobe, Nagasaki, Manila,
Townsville, and Ij 6,000Byto 39,000
Steamers of
Tons Gross.
Brisbane. J
Besides the above,
extending to all the
the Company
Principal runs
Ports numerous
in Japan, services
as
well as Formosa, Korea, China, India, etc.
For Passage and Freight, Apply to:—
Nippon Yusen Kaisha, Hongkong Branch
No. 8, King’s Building, Connaught Road, Hongkong.
SHIPPING
Dairen Risen KaisDa.
President ...T. TSUKAMOTO
General Manager E. KOREMATSU
HEAD OFFICE:—Dairen, Manchuria.
BRANCHES: Antung, Kobe, Tientsin, Tsingtao and Shanghai.
AGENCIES: -Hongkong, Lungkow, Tenchowtoo and Port Arthur.
CO.fl Pi/UYY’S FL, E E T :
D.W. G.T.
Cargo Boats Tons Passenger Boats Tons
“MANSHU MARU” ... 5,266 “SAKAKI MARU” 3,400
“CHOJUNMARU” 2,213 “SAIKIO MARU” 2,850
“KOJUN MARU ” 2,200 ‘‘CHOHEI MARU” 1,737
“HAKUSHIN MARU” 1,535 “TENCHO MARU” . 1,300
“ISSHIN MARU” ... 1,486 “ SAITSU MARU” 1,138
‘YEKISHIN MARU” 1,136 “ RYOHEI MARU” .. 757
REGULAR SERVICES:
DAIRE N-TSINGTAU-S HANGHAI LINE Nine sailings a month
TIENTSIN-DAIREN-ANT UNG LINE Six
DAIREN-LUNGKOW LINE Six
The passengers between Japan and Tientsin can regularly
connect at Dairen with the steamers of O. S. K.’s Osaka-Kobe-
Dairen Line.
Agents.-—Messrs* Toy© Kisen Kalsha.
SHIPBUILDERS AND MERCHANTS
MITSUI BUSSAN KAISHA, Ltd.
TOKYO.
(Mitsui & Co., Ltd., in Europe America.}
IMPORTERS. EXPORTERS. GENERAL COMMIS-
SION MERCHANTS AND SHIPBUILDERS.
HEAD OFFICE:
l, Honchonichome, Nihonbashiku, TOKYO.
JAPAN BRANCHES AND REPRESENTATIVES:
KARATSU
KISHIMA MIIKE
MO JI NAGOYA
NIIGATA SEOUL YOKOHAMA
KOBE MURORAN OSAKA TAINAN
TAIPEH KUCHINOTZU NAGASAKI OTARU WAKA MATSU
OTHER COUNTRIES:—
AMOY CHEFOO MANILA SHANGHAI
BANGKOK DAIREN MUKDEN SINGAPORE
BATAVIA FOOCHOW NEWCHWANG SOURABAYA
BOMBAY HANKOW NEW YORK SYDNEY
BUENOS
CANTON AIRES HARBIN
HAMBURG RANGOON TIENTSIN
CALCUTTA SAIGON TSINGTAU
CHANGCHUN LONDON SAN FRANCISCO
SEATTLE
LYONS VLADIYOSTOCK
General TelegrcLpTiic Jldclress: “MITSUI.”
HONGKONG OFFICE:—Prince’s Buildings, Ice House Street. Tel. 2570, 1, 2.
xxxviii MERCHANTS
IP TAK & Co.,
China Building, HONGKONG. Telephones: 2023 & 4612.
Queen’s Road Cent- Cable Ad.: IPTAK.
4th Floor (East). ^ ^ All Codes Used.
IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS,
GENERAL MERCHANTS.
Imports.
SPECIALTIES :—Metal Products of all descriptions.
OTHER COMMODITIES:—Gunny Bags, Shellac and other Indian Produce
Paper, Provisions, Piece Goods, Shipchandlers’ Supplies, etc.
Exports.
SPECIALTIES:—Rice, Peanuts, Vegetable and Essential Oils, Tin and Matting.
OTHER COMMODITIES :—Preserved Ginger, Cassia, Walnuts, Seagrass, Rattan
Furniture, etc.
flrculli Brotlnrs,
MERCHANTS and COMMISSION AGENTS,
64, QUEEN’S ROAD CENTRAL, HONGKONG.
Telegraphic Address: “CURLY.” Telephone No. 409.
SOLE AGENTS EOB —
SEAMING TWINES of Messrs. Linificio & Canapificio
Nazionale of Milan, Italy.
“ACORN BRAND" ELASTIC BOOT WEB and BOOT
LOOPING of Messrs. Flint, Pettit & Flint, of
Leicester, England.
MERCHANTS xxxix
China Commercial Co.,
Limited.
17-19, Connaught Rd., Hongkong.
Exporters of:
Wolfram, Bismuth, Antimony, Manganese
Ores, Tin and other Oriental Products.
Importers of:
Iron and Steel Products, Copper, Brass,
Fertilizers, etc.
Branches:
New York, Shanghai, Canton, Nanan.
Cable fld: ••CHStlLEUnG." Codes: All codes
xl COAL MEPCHANTS
K A X F I N a CgOASaS
llli; KAH.AX MIA'IA'fi AftMINISTim ION.
Head Office: Tientsin, North China,
AGENCIES:
Bank Buil CHEFOO -Cornabe, Eckford &: Co;
PEKING K.WI.A., 3, Hsi Tongtse Hutung. DAIREN
NEWGHWANC
Cornabe, Eckford & Co.
G. Colinet &. Co,
HONGKONG
CANTON Dodweli & Co., Ld. SAIGON
Dodweli & Co., Ld. JAVA Mitsui Bussan Kaisha.
FOOCHOW Dodweli & Co., Ld. Mitsui Bussan Kaisha.
AMOY Boyd &.Co. SINGAPORE & STRAITS SETTLEMENTS
Paterson, Simons &. Co., Ld,
HANKOW
TSINGTAO Dodweli
Schang& Co.,
Tai Ld.
Co.
CHINWANCTAO K.M.A., Coal Port. KOREA ^ Tokyo, Kobe, Seoul, etc.
WEi-HAI-WE!
SWATOW FooWeiCo.
T. Carr Ramsey. PHILIPPINETheISLANDS
Pacific Commercial Co., Manila.
LONDON OFFICEThe Chinese Engineering & Mining Co., Ld,, 22, Austin Friars, E.C. 2.
BRUSSELS OFFICE:—The Chinese Engineering & Mining Co., Ld., 13, Rue Brederode.
The Administration's Collieries are situated in the Kaiping District of the Province
of Chihli and have an annual output of over 4,000,000 tons of bituminous coal.
The principal port of shipment is Chinwangtao, on the Gulf of Chihli, which is
open all the year round and affords special facilities for rapid loading. Coal is also
shipped from the Administration’s wharves at Tongku.
The Administration controls a fleet of steamers, maintaining a regular service
between Chinwangtao and Shanghai, Hongkong and Manila as well as with various-
smaller ports.
Kaiping Coal is in general use throughout China, Korea, Japan, the Philippine
Islands, etc., etc., for all industrial, steam-raising and domestic purposes.
Kaiping Coke is of first-class quality, close grained, hard, heavy and free from
sulphur. Suitable for metallurgical and household purposes.
Firebricks Marked “ K.M.A.” are made in any size and shape at the Tong-
shan Brickworks. This brand of firebrick practically monopolizes the re-
fractory clay trade from Netherlands India to Manchuria and is used exclusively
by the large iron-producing works in the Far East as well as the prominent
Municipal and Government power works throughout China.
Glazed Stoneware Pipes up to 12" diameter are manufactured by the
Administration and large stocks are held.
Glazed Tiles are stocked in a wide range of colours.
COAL AND PllOVISION MERCHANTS
SUN MAN WOO 00.,
(Late Bismarck & to.: a fliinese Firm.)
NAVAL CONTRACTORS Cable Address: PURVEYORS TO THE - ■
“ Bismarck ”
SHIPCHANDLERS, GENERAL HONGKONG, ENGLISH ARMY AND NAVY,
IMPORTERS, COAL AND FRENCH, RUSSIAN, GERMAN AND
PROVISION MERCHANTS m X AMERICAN NAVIES
Calling Flag.
SAIL AND FLAG MAKERS, - Price List Sent
on Application. HARDWARE AND MACHINERY, -
RIGGERS, STEVEDORES Codes used: ELECTRIC FITTINGS, CABLES,
AND GENERAL COMMISSION A1, A.B.C., 4th and 5th WIRES, LAMPS, BELL SETS,
Editions.
AGENTS. Telephone C309. PUMPS, RAILWAY MATERIALS, &c.
Ships and Engine Rooms’ Stores of all Descriptions
Always in Stock at REASONABLE PRICES.
* * *
FRESH CARDIFF AND JAPANESE COAL.
PAINTS, COLOURS, OIL AND VARNISHES.
Pure Fresh Water Supplied to Shipping by Steam
Pumping Boat on Shortest Notice.
* * *
BAKERY:—Capable of producing 10,000 lbs,
of Biscuits per Day.
99 & 101, DES VCEUX ROAD CENTRAL,
Near Central Market, HONGKONG.
xlii BOOKSELLERS AND PUBLISHERS
MilDZEN (0., LTD.
II-ICJ,, Ndhonbashi Tori Sanchome, TORYO.
TELEPHONES:-Nos. 28 (SpeciaP, 17, 207, 208, 209, 876, 1,033, 1,039,
1,377, 2,033, 3,332, 4,229, 4,323, and 4,345, H0NKY0KU.
BRANCHES. BRANCHES.
TOKYO: STATIOIEItS, 1MOOOS KYOTO
Kanda— Sanjodori,
MB Ollffims. Fuyacho-Nishi-
Kanda Ornotc- e-iru.
jimbocho
(Surugadai- The Largest and Oldest
shita). Publishers and Importers of Nakaku,
Meta— Foreign Books and Periodi- Sakaemachi
Shiba IVHta cals in the East. Rokuchome.
Nichome. The Largest and Oldest
Maru-Na-Uchi - Importers of Foreign Station- YOKOHAMA—
Marunouchi ery, Dry-Goods, etc., in the Bentendori
IMichome.
Building, East.
Marursouchi. The Largest Ink Manu- FUKUOKA
Kudan facturers in the East. Hakata,
Kojimachi Kami-Nishi-
Agents for the Far East machi.
lidamachi of Leading Publishers,
IMichome (Kudan .Stationers, etc , throughout SENDAI—
Nakasaka). the World. Kokubun-
OSAKA All Books supplied in any Langu-
Higashiku, age, nO matter on what subject. SAPPORO-
Bakuromachi, Write us; we can get you any book Kitahachijo
Shichome. published in the world. Nishi Yonchome
BREWERIES xliii
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1
TREATIES WITH CHINA
GREAT BRITAIN
TREATY BETWEEN HER MAJESTY AND THE EMPEROR OF CHINA
Signed, in the English and Chinese Languages, at Nanking,
29th August, 1842
Ratifications Exchanged, at Hongkong, 26th June, 1843
Her Majesty the Queen of the United KingJom of Great Britain and Ireland
and His Majesty the Emperor of China, being desirous of putting an end to the
misunderstandings and consequent hostilities which have arisen between the two
countries, have i.esolved to conclude a treaty for that purpose, and have therefore
named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to s >y: Her Majesty the Queen of Great
Britain and Ireland, Sir Henry Pottinger, Bart., a Major-General in the Service of
the East India Company, &c.; and His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China,
the High Commissioners Ko-ying, a Member of the Imperial House, a Guardian of
the Crown Prince, and General of the Garrison of Canton: and Ilipoo, of the Imperial
Kindred, graciously permitted to wear the insignia of the first rank, and the distinc-
tion of a peacock’s feather, lately Minister and , Governor-General, &c., and now
Lieut.-General commanding at Chapoo—Who, after having communicated to each
other their respective full powers, and found them to be in good and due form, have
agreed upon and concluded the following Articles:—
Art. I.—Therh shall henceforward be peace and friendship between Her Majesty
the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and His Majesty the
Emperor of China, and between their respective subjects, who shall enjoy full security
aad proteotion for their persons and property within the dominions of the other.
Art. II.—His Majesty the Emperor of China agrees that British subjects, with
their lamilies and establishments, shall be allowed to reside, for the purpose of carry-
ing on their mercantile pursuits, without molestation or restraint, at the cities and
towns of Canton, Amov, Foochow-foo, Ningpo, and Shanghai; and Her Majesty the
Queen of Great Britain, &c., will appoint superintendents, or consular officers, to
reside at each of the above-named cities or towns, to be the medium of communication
between the Chinese authorities and the said merchants, and to see that the just
duties and other dues of the Chinese Government, as hereinafter provided for, are
duly discharged by Her Britannic Majesty’s subjects.
Art. III. —It being obviously necessary and desirable that British subjects should
have some port whereat they may careen arid refit their ships when required, and keep
stores for that purpose, His Majesty the Emperor of China cedes to Her Majesty the
Queen of Great Britain, &c., the Island of Hongkong to be possessed in perpetuity
by Her Britannic Majestv, her heirs, and successors, and to be governed by such laws
and regulations as Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, &c., shall see fit to direct.
Art. IV.—The Emperor of China agrees to pay the sum of six millions of dollars,
as the value of the opium which was delivered up at Canton in the month of March,
1839, as a ransom for the lives of Her Britannic Majesty’s Superintendent and sub-
jects who had been imprisoned and threatened with death by the Chinese high officers.
Art. V.—The Government of China havingcompelledtheBritishmerchantstrading
atCanton to deal exclusively with certain Chinese merchants, calh dHong merchants (or
Co-Hong), who had been licensed by the Chinese Government for this pur pose, the
Emperor of China agrees to abolish that practice in future at all ports where British
merchants may reside, and to permit them to carry on their mercantile transactions
with whatever persons they please; and His Imperial Majesty further agrt 6 5 to pay to
the British Government the sum of three millions of dollars, on account of debts due
1*
NANKING TREATY, 1842
to British subjects by some of the sai insolvent, and who owe very large sums of money to subjects of Her Britannic Majesty.
Art. VI.—The Government of Her Britannic Majesty having been obliged to send
out an expedition to demand and obtain redress for the violent and unjust proceeding,
of the Chinese high authorities towai'ds Her Britannic Majesty’s officers and subjects
the Emperor of China agrees to pay the sum of twelve millions of dollars, on account
of expenses incurred; and Her Britannic Majesty’s plenipotentiary voluntarily agrees,
on behalf of Her Majestv, to deduct from the said amount of twelve millions of
dollars, any sums which may have been received by Her Majesty’s combined forces,
as ransom for cities and towns in China, subsequent to the 1st day of August, 1841.
Art. VII.—It is agreed that the total amount of twenty-one millions of dollars,
described in the three preceding Articles, shall be-paid as follows:—
Six miliion< immediately.
Six millions in 1843; that is, three millions on or before the 30th June, and
three millions on or before 31st of December.
Five millions in 1844; that is, two millions and a half on or before the 30th of
June, and two millions and a half on or before the 31st of December,
Four millions in 1845; that is, two millions on or before 30th of June, and
two millioi s on or before the 31st of December.
And it is further stipulated that interest at the rate of 5 per cent, per annum,
shall be paid by the Government of China on any portion of the above sums that are
not punctually discharged at the periods fixed.
Art. VIII.—The Emperor of China agrees to release, unconditionally, all subjects
of Her Britannic Majesty (whether natives of Europe or India), who may be in con-
finement at this moment in any part of the Chinese Empire.
Art. IX.—The Emperor of China agrees to publish and promulgate, under his
imperial sign manual and seal, a full and entire amnesty and act of indemnity to all
subjects of China, on account of their having resided under, or having had dealings
and intercourse with, or having entered the service of Her Britannic Majesty, or of
Her Majesty’s officers; and His Imperial Majesty further engages to release all
Chinese subjects who may be at this moment in confinement for similar reasons.
Art. X.—His Majesty the Emperor of China agrees to establish at all the
ports which are, by Article II. of this Treaty, to be thrown open for the resort of
British merchants, a fair and regular tariff of export and import customs and other
dues, which tariff shall be publicly notified and promulgated for general information;
and the Emperor further engages that, when British merchants shall have once
paid at any of the said ports the regulated customs and dues, agreeable of the tariff
to be hereafter fixed, such merchandise may be conveyed by Chinese merchants
to any province or city in the interior of the empire of China, on paying a further
amount of transit duties, which shall not exceed per cent, on the tariff value of
such goods.
Art. XI.—It is agreed that Her Britannic Majesty’s chief high officer in China
shall correspond with the Chinese high officers, both at the capital and in the provinces,
under the term “communication the subordinate British officers and Chinese high
officers in the provinces under the term “ statement,” on the part of the former, and
on the part of the latter, “ declaration,” and the subordinates of both countries on a
footing of perfect equality; merchants and others not holding official situations, and
therefore not included in the above, on both sides for use the term “ representation ”
in all papers addressed to, or intended for, the notice of the respective Govern-
ments.
Art. XII.—On the assent of the Emperor of China to this Treaty being received,
and the discharge of the first instalment of money, Her Britannic Majesty’s forces
will retire from Nanking and the Grand Canal, and will no longer molest or stop the
trade of China. The military post at Chinhae will also be withdrawn, but the island
of Koolangsoo, and that of Chusan, will continue to be held by Her Majesty’s forces
until the money payments, and the arrangements for opening the ports to British
merchants, be completed.
NANKING TREATY, 1842—TIENTSIN TREATY, 1858
Art. XIII.—The ratifications of this Treaty by Her Majesty the Queen of Great
Britain, &c., and His Majesty the Emperor of China, shall be exchanged as soon
, as the great distance which separates England from China will admit; but, in the
meantime, counterpart copies of it, signed and sealed by the Plenipotentiaries on
| behalf of their respective Sovereigns, shall be mutually delivered, and all its provisions
and arrangements shall take effect.
Done at Nanking, and signed and sealed by the Plenipotentiaries on board Her
Britannic Majesty’s ship Cornwallis this 29th day of August, 1842; corresponding
with the Chinese date, twenty-fourth day of the seventh month, in the twenty-second
year of Taou Kwang.
Henry Pottinger,
Her Majesty's Plenipotentiary,
And signed by the seals of four Chinese Commissioners.
TIENTSIN TREATY, 1858
^Ratifications exchanged at Peking, 24t/i October, 1860
Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
and His Majesty the Emperor of China, being desirous to put an end to the existing
, misunderstanding between the two countries and to place their relations on a more
I satisfactory footing in future, have resolved to proceed to a revision and improvement
\! of the Treaties existing between them; and, for that purpose, have named as their
Plenipotentiaries, that is to say :—•
Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, the Right Honourable the
Earl of Elgin and Kincardine, a Peer of the United Kingdom, and Knight of the
! Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle.
And His Majesty the Emperor of China, the High Commissioner Kweiliang, a
Senior Chief Secretary of State, styled of the East Cabinet, Captain-General of the
Plain White Banner of the Manchu Banner force, Superintendent-General of the
Administration of Criminal Law; and Hwashana, one of His Imperial Majesty’s
, Expositors of the Classics, Manchu President of the Office for the Regulation of the
Civil Establishment, Captain-General of the Bordered Blue Banner of the Chinese
Banner Force, and Visitor of the Office of Interpretation:
Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers and
found them to be in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the
■following Articles: —
Art. I.—The Treaty of Peace and Amity between the two nations signed at
Nanking on the twenty-ninth day of August, in the year eighteen hundred and forty-
•two, is hereby renewed and confirmed.
The supplementary Treaty and General Regulations of Trade having been
amended and improved, and the substance of their provisions having been incor-
, porated in this Treaty, the said Supplementary Treaty and General Regulations of
Trade are hereby abrogated.
Art. II.—For the better preservation of harmony in future, Her Majesty the
f Queen of Great Britain and His Majesty the Emperor of China mutually agree that,
s in accordance with the universal practice of great and friendly nations, Her Majesty
the Queen may, if she see fit, appoint Ambassadors, Ministers, or other Diplomatic
; Agents to the Court of Peking; and His Majesty the Emperor of China may, in like
: manner, if he see fit, appoint Ambassadors, Ministers, or other Diplomatic Agents
!•, to the Court of St. James.
Art. III.—His Majesty the Emperor of China hereby agrees that the Ambassador,
Minister, or other Dipiomatic Agent, so appointed by Her Majesty the Queen of
| '“Great Britain, may reside, with his family and establishment, permanently at the
•capital, or may visit it occasionally at the option of the British Government. He
TIENTSIN TKEATY, 1858
shall not be called upon to perform any ceremony derogatory to him as representing
the Sovereign of an independent nation on a footing of equality with that of China,
On the other hand, he shall use the same forms of ceremony and respect to His
Majesty the Emperor as are employed by the Ambassadors, Ministers, or Diplomatic
Agents of Her Majesty towards the Sovereigns of independent and equal European
nations.
It is further agreed, that Her Majesty’s Government may acquire at Peking a
site for building, or may hire houses for the accommodation of Her Majesty’s Mission,
and the Chinese Government will assist it in so doing.
Her Majesty’s Representative shall be at liberty to choose his own servants and
attendants, who shall not be subject to any kind of molestation whatever.
Any person guilty of disrespect or violence to Her Majesty’s Representative, or to
any member of his family or establishment, in deed or word, shall be severely punished.
Art. IV.—It is further agreed that no obstacle or difficulty shall be made to the
free movements of Her Majesty’s Representative, and that he and the persons of his
suite may come and go, and travel at their pleasure. He shall, moreover, have full
liberty to send and receive his correspondence to and from any point on the sea-coast
that he may select, and his letters and effects shall be held sacred and inviolable.
He may employ, for their transmission, special couriers, who shall meet with the same
protection and facilities for travelling as the persons employed in carrying despatches
for the Imperial Government; and, generally, he shall enjoy the same privileges as
are accorded to officers of the same rank by the usage and consent of Western nations.
All expenses attending the Diplomatic Mission of Great Britain shall be borne
by the British Government.
Art. V.—His Majesty the Emperor of China agrees to nominate one of the
Secretaries of State, or a President of one of the Boards, as the high officer with
whom the Ambassador, Minister, or other Diplomatic Agent of Her Majesty the Queen
shall transact business, either personally or in writing, on a footing of perfect equality.
Art. VI.—Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain agrees that the privileges
hereby secured shall be enjoyed in her dominions by the Ambassador, Minister, or
Diplomatic Agent of the Emperor of China, accredited to the Court of Her Majesty.
Art. VII.—Her Majesty the Queen may appoint one or more Consuls in the
dominions of the Emperor of China ; and such Consul or Consuls shall be at liberty
to reside in any of the open ports or cities of China as Her Majesty the Queen may
consider most expedient for the interests of British commerce. They shall be treated
with due respect by the Chinese authorities, and enjoy the same privileges and
immunities as the Consular Officers 'of the most favoured nation.
Consuls and Vice-Consuls in charge shall rank with Intendants of Circuit; Vicg-
Consuls, Acting Vice-Consuls, and Interpreters, with Prefects. They shall have access
to the official residences of these officers, and communicate with them, either personally
or in writinsj, on a footing of equality, as the interests of the public service may require.
Art. VIII.—The Christian religion, as professed by Protestants or Roman
Catholics, inculcates the practice of virtue, and teaches man to do as he would be
done by. Persons teaching it or professing it, therefore, shall alike be entitled to the
protection of the Chinese authorities, nor shall any such, peaceably pursuing their
calling and not offending against the laws, be persecuted or interfered with.
Art. IX.—British subjects are hereby authorised to travel, for their pleasure or
for purposes of trade, to all parts of the interior under passports which will be issued
by their Consuls, and countersigned by the local authorities. These passports, if
demanded, must be produced for examination in the localities passed through. If
the passport be not irregular, the bearer will be allowed to proceed, and no opposition
shall be offered to bis hiring persons, or hiring vessels for the carriage of his baggage-
or merchandise. If he be without a passport, or if he commit any offence against the
law, he shall be handed over to the nearest Consul for punishment, but he must not
be subjected to any ill-usage in excess of necessary restraint. No passport need be
applied for by persons going on excursions from the ports open to trade to a distance-
not exceeding 100 li, and for a period not exceeding five days.
TIENTSIN TREATY, 1858
The provisions of this Article do not apply to crews of ships, for the due restraint
of whom regulations will be drawn up by the Consul and the local authorities.
To Nanking, and other cities, disturbed by persons in arms against the Grovern-
ment, no pass shall be given, until they shall have been recaptured.
Art. X.—British merchant ships shall have authority to trade upon the Great
River (Yangtsze). The Upper and Lower Yalley of the river being, however,
disturbed by outlaws, no port shall be for the present opened to trade, with the
exception of Chinkiang, which shall be opened in a year from the date of the signing
of this Treaty.
So soon as peace shall have been restored, British vessels shall also be admitted
to trade at such ports as far as Hankow, not exceeding three in number, as the British
Minister, after consultation with the Chinese Secretary of State, may determine shall
be ports of entry and discharge.
Art. XI.—In addition to the cities and towns of Canton, Amoy, Foochow, Ningpo,
and Shanghai, opened by the Treaty of Nanking, it is agreed that British subjects
may frequent the cities and ports of Newchwang, Tangchow (Chefoo), Taiwan
.(Formosa), Chao-chow (Swatow), and Kiung-chow (Hainan).
They are permitted to carry on trade with whomsoever they please, and to proceed
to and fro at pleasure with their vessels and merchandise.
They shall enjoy the same privileges, advantages, and immunities at the said
towns and ports as they enjoy at the ports already open to trade, including the
right of residence, buying or renting houses, of leasing land therein, and of building
■churches, hospitals and cemeteries.
Art. XII.—British subjects, whether at the ports or- at other places, desiring to
build or open houses, warehouses, churches, hospitals, or burial grounds, shall make
their agreement for the land or buildings they require, at the rates prevailing among
the people, equitably and without exaction on either side.
Art. XIII.—The Chinese Government will place no restrictions whatever upon
the employment, by British subjects, of Chinese subjects in any lawful capacity.
Art. XIV.—British subjects may hire whatever boats they please for the
transport of goods or passengers, and the sum to be paid for such boats shall be settled
between the parties themselves, without the intei'ference of the Chinese Government.
The number of these boats shall not be limited, nor shall a monopoly in respect either
of the boats or of the porters or coolies engaged in carrying the goods be granted to
-any parties. If any smuggling takes place in them the offenders will, of course, be
punished according to law.
Art. XY.—All questions in regard to rights, whether of property or person, arising
between British subjects, shall be subject to the jurisdiction of the British authorities.
Art. XVI.—Chinese subjects who may be guilty of any criminal act towards
British subjects shall be arrested and punished by the Chinese authorities according
to the laws of China.
British subjects who may commit any crime in China shall be tried and punished
by the Consul, or other public functionary authorised thereto, according to the laws
•of Great Britain.
Justice shall be equitably and impartially administered on both sides.
Art. XVII.—A British subject, having reason to complain of Chinese, must
proceed to the Consulate and state his grievance. The Consul will inquire into the
•merits of the case, and do his utmost to arrange it amicably. In like manner, if a
Chinese have reason to complain of a British subject, the Consul shall no less listen
to his complaint, and endeavour to settle it in a friendly manner. If disputes take
place of such a nature that the Consul cannot arrange them amicably, then he shall
request the assistance of the Chinese authorities, that they may together examine
unto the merits of the case, and decide it equitably.
Art. XVIII.—The Chinese authorities shall at all times afford the fullest
protection to the persons and property of British subjects, whenever these shall have
been subjected to insult or violence. In all cases of incendiarism or robbery, the
local authorities shall at once take the necessary steps for the recovery of the stolea
TIENTSIN TREATY, 1858
property, the suppression of’disorder, and the arrest of the guilty parties, whom they
will punish according to law.
Art. XIX.—If any British merchant-vessel, while within Chinese waters, be
plundered by robbers or pirates, it shall be the duty of the Chinese authorities to use
every endeavour to capture and punish the said robbers or pirates and to recover the
stolen property, that it may be handed over to the Consul for restoration to the owner.
Art. XX.—If any British vessel be at any time wrecked or stranded on the coast
of China, or be compelled to take refuge in any port within the dominions of the
Emperor of China, the Chinese authorities, on being apprised of the fact, shall
immediately adopt measures for its relief and security ; the persons on board shall
receive friendly treatment and shall be furnished, if necessary, with the means of
conveyance to the nearest Consular station.
Art. XXI.—If criminals, subjects of China, shall take refuge in Hongkong or
on board the British ships there, they shall, upon due requisition by the Chinese
authorities, be searched for, and, on proof of their guilt, be delivered up.
In like manner, if Chinese offenders take refuge in the houses or on board the
vessels of British subjects at the open ports, they shall not be harboured or concealed,
but shall be delivered up, on due requisition by the Chinese authorities, addressed to-
the British Consul.
Art. XXII.—Should any Chinese subject fail to discharge debts incurred to a
British subject, or should he fraudulently abscond, the Chinese authorities will do their
utmost to effect his arrest and enforce recovery of the debts. The British authorities
will likewise do their utmost to bring to justice any British subject fraudulently
absconding or failing to discharge debts incurred by him to a Chinese subject.
Art. XXIII.—Should natives of China who may repair to Hongkong to trade
incur debts there, the recovery of such debts must be arranged for by the English
Court of Justice on the spot; but should the Chinese debtor abscond, and be known
to have property real or personal within the Chinese territory, it shall be the duty of
the Chinese authorities on application by, and in concert with, the British Consul,
to do their utmost to see justice done between the parties.
Art. XXIY.—It is agreed that British subjects shall pay, on all merchandise
. imported or exported by them, the duties prescribed by the tariff; but in no case shall
' they be called upon to pay other or higher duties than are required of the subjects-
of any other foreign nation.
Art. XXV.—Import duties shall be considered payable on the landing of the-
goods, and duties of export on the shipment of the same.
Art. XXVI.—Whereas the tariff fixed by Article X. of the Treaty of Nanking,,
and which was estimated so as to impose on imports and exports a duty of about
the rate of five per cent, ad valorem, has been found, by reason of the fall in value of
various articles of merchandise therein enumerated, to impose a duty upon these
considerably in excess of the rate originally assumed, as above, to be a fair rate, it is
agreed that the said tariff shall be revised, and that as soon as the Treaty shall have-
been signed, application shall be made to the Emperor of China to depute a high
officer of the Board of lie venue to meet, at Shanghai, officers to be deputed on behalf
of the British Q-overnment, to consider its revision together, so that the tariff, as
revised, may come into operation immediately after the ratification of this Treaty.
Art. XXVII.—It is agreed that either of the high contracting parties to this
Treaty may demand a further revision of the tariff, and of the Commercial Articles of
this Treaty, at the end of ten years; but if no demand be made on either side within
six months after the end of the first ten years, then the tariff shall remain in force for
ten years more, reckoned from the end of the preceding ten years, and so it shall
be at the end of each successive ten years.
Art. XXVIII.—Whereas it was agreed in Article X. of the Treaty of Nanking
that British imports, having paid the tariff duties, should be conveyed into the interior,
free of all further charges, except a transit duty, the amount whereof was not to
exceed a certain percentage on tariff value; and whereas, no accurate information
having been furnished of the amount of such duty, British merchants have constantly
, TIENTSIN TREATY, 1858
complained that charges are suddenly and arbitrarily imposed by the provincial
authorities as transit duties upon produce on its way to the foreign market, and on
; imports on their way into the interior, to the detriment of trade ; it is agreed that
within four months from the signing of this Treaty, at all ports now open to British
j‘ trade, and within a similar period at all ports that may hereafter be opened, the
‘ authority appointed to superintend the collection of duties shall be obliged, upon
! application of the Consul, to declare the amount of duties leviable on produce between
| the place of production and the port of shipment upon imports between the Consular
j port in question and the inland markets named by the Consul; and that a notification
thereof shall be published in English and Chinese for general information.
But it shall be at the option of any British subject desiring to convey produce
I purchased inland to a port, or to convey imports from a port to an inland market, to
: clear his goods of all transit duties, by payment of a single charge. The amount of
s this charge shall be leviable on exports at the first barrier they may have to pass, or,
i on imports at the port at which they are landed; and on payment thereof a certificate
| shall be issued, which shall exemptthe goods fromallfurther inland charges whatsoever.
It is further agreed that the amount of the charge shall be calculated, as nearly
l as possible, at the rate of two and a half per cent, ad valorem, and that it shall be fixed
for each article at the conference to be held at Shanghai for the revision of the tariff.
It is distinctly understood that the payment of transit dues, by commutation or
otherwise,' shall in no way affect the tariff duties on imports or exports, which will
continue to be levied separately and in full.
Art. XXIX.—British merchant vessels, of more than one hundred and fifty tons
I burden, shall be charged tonnage-dues at the rate of four mace per ton ; if of one
f hundred and fifty tons and under, they shall be charged at the rate of one mace per ton.
Any vessel clearing from any of the open ports of China for any other of the open
j ports, or for Hongkong, shall be entitled, on application of the master, to a special
"l certificate from the Customs, on exhibition of which she shall be exempted from all
[ further payment of tonnage dues in any open ports of China, for a period of four
' months, to be reckoned from the port-clearance.
Art. XXX.—The master of any British merchant vessel may, within forty-eight
i hours after the arrival of his vessel, but not later, decide to depart without breaking
■ bulk, in which case he will not be subject to pay tonnage-dues. But tonnage-dues
shall be held due after the expiration of the said forty-eight hours. No other fees or
i charges upon entry or departure shall be levied.
Art. XXXI.—No tonnage-dues shall be payable on boats employed by British
subjects in the conveyance of passengers, baggage, letters, articles of provision, or
| other articles not subject to duty, between any of the open ports. All cargo-boats,
j however, conveying merchandise subject to duty shall pay tonnage-dues once in six
months, at the rate of four mace per register ton.
Art. XXXII.—The Consuls and Superintendents ofCustoms shall consult together
regarding the erection of beacons or lighthouses and the distribution of buoys and
| lightships, as occasion may demand.
Art. XXXIII.—Duties shall be paid to the bankers authorised by the Chinese
Government to receive the same in its behalf, either in sycee or in foreign money,
according to the assay made at Canton on the thirteenth of July, one thousand eight
s hundred and forty-three.
Art. XXXIA.—Sets of standard weights and measures, prepared according to
I the standard issued to the Canton Custom-house by the Board of Revenue, shall be
* delivered by the Superintendent of Customs to the Consul at each port to secure
uniformity and prevent confusion.
Art. XXXY.—-Any British merchant vessel arriving at one of the open ports
I shall be after
manner, at liberty to engage
she has the allservices
discharged of a pilot
legal dues to take and
and duties her isintoready
port.to take
In like
her
departure, she shall be allowed to select a pilot to conduct her out of port.
Art. XXXYI.—Whenever a British merchant vessel shall arrive off one of the
open ports, the Superintendent of Customs shall depute one or more Customs officers
10 TIENTSIN TREATY, 1858
to guard the ship. They shall either live in a boat of their own, or stay on board the1
ship, as may best suit their convenience. Their food and expenses shall be supplied
them from the Custom-house, and they shall not be entitled to any fees whatever
from the master or consignee. Should they violate this regulation, they shall be
punished proportionately to the amount exacted.
Art. XXXVII.—Within twenty-four hours after arrival, the ships’ papers,
bills of lading, etc., shall be lodged in the hands of the Consul, who will within a
further period of twenty-four hours report to the Superintendent of Customs the name
of the ship, her registered tonnage, and the nature of her cargo. If, owing to neglect
on the part of the master, the above rule is not complied with within forty-eight
hours after the ship’s arrival, he shall be liable to a fine of fifty taels for every day’s
delay; the total amount of penalty, however, shall not exceed two hundred taels.
The master will be responsible for the correctness of the manifest, which shall
contain a full and true account of the particulars of the cargo on board. For
presenting a false manifest, he will subject himself to a fine of five hundred taels; but
he will be allowed to correct, within twenty-four hours after delivery of it to the customs
officers, any mistake he may discover in his manifest without incurring this penalty.
Art. XXXVIII.—After receiving from the Consul the report in due form, the
Superintendent of Customs shall grant the vessel a permit to open hatches. If the
master shall open hatches, and begin to discharge any goods, without such permission,
he shall be fined five hundred taels, and the goods discharged shall be confiscated wholly.
Art, XXXIX.—Any British merchant who has cargo to land or ship must apply
to the Superintendent of Customs for a special permit. Cargo landed or shipped
without such permit will be liable to confiscation.
Art. XL.—No transhipment from one vessel to another can be made without
special permission, under pain of confiscation of the goods so transhipped.
Art. XLI.—When all dues and duties shall have been paid, the Superintendent
of Customs shall give a port-clearance and the Consul shall then return the ship’s
papers, so that she may depart on her voyage.
Art. XLII.—With respect to articles subject, according to the tariff, to an ad
valorem duty, if the British merchant cannot agree with the Chinese oificer in affixing
its value, then each party shall call two or three merchants to look at the goods, and
the highest price at which any of these merchants would be willing to purchase
them shall be assumed as the value of the goods.
Art. XLIII.—Duties shall be charged upon the net weight of each article,
making a deduction for the tare, weight of congee, &c. To fix the tare of any articles,
such as tea, if the British merchant cannot agree with the Custom-house officer, then
each party shall choose so many chests out of every hundred, which being first
weighed in gross, shall afterwards be fared, and the average tare upon these chests
shall be assumed as the tare upon the whole; and upon this principle shall the
tare be fixed upon other goods and packages. If there should be any other points in
dispute which cannot be settled, the British merchant may appeal to his Consul, who
will communicate the particulars of the case to the Superintendent of Customs, that
it may be equitably arranged. But the appeal must be made within twrenty-four
hours or it will not be attended to. While such points are still unsettled, the
Superintendent of Customs shall postpone the insertion of the same in his books.
Art. XLIV.—Upon all damaged goods a fair reduction of duty shall be allowed
proportionate to their deterioration. If any disputes arise, they shall be settled in
the manner pointed out in the clause of this Treaty having reference to articles which
pay duty ad valorem.
Art. XLV.—British merchants who may have imported merchandise into any of
the open ports, and paid the duty thereon, if they desire to re-export the same, shall
be entitled to make application to the Superintendent of Customs, who, in order to
prevent fraud on the revenue, shall cause examiuation to be made by suitable officers,
to see that the duties paid on such goods, as entered in the Custom-house books,
correspond with the representations made and that the goods remain with their
original marks unchanged. He shall then make a memorandum of the port-clearance
TIENTSIN TREATY, 1858 1*
of the goods, and of the amount of duties paid, and deliver the same to the merchant,
and shall also certify the facts to the officers of Customs of the other ports. All which
being done, on the arrival in port of the vessel in which the goods are laden, every-
thing being found on examination there to correspond, she shall be permitted to break
bulk, and land the said goods, without being subject to the payment of any additional
duty thereon. But if, on such examination, the Superintendent of Customs shall
detect any fraud on the revenue in the case, then the goods shall be subject to
confiscation by the Chinese Government.
British merchants desiring to re-export duty-paid imports to a foreign country
shall be entitled, on complying with the same conditions as in the case of re-exporta-
tion to another port in China, to a drawback certificate, which shall be a valid tender
to the Customs in payment of import or export duties.
Foreign grain brought into any port of China in a British ship, if no part thereof
has been landed, may be re-exported without hindrance.
Art. XLVI.—The Chinese authorities at each port shall adopt the means they
may judge most proper to prevent the revenue suffering from fraud or smuggling.
Art. XLVJI.—British merchant-vessels are not entitled to resort to otherthanthe
ports of trade declared open by Treaty; they are not unlawfully to enter other ports in
China, or to carry on clandestine trade along the coast thereof. Any vessel violating this
provision shall, with her cargo, be subject to confiscation by the Chinese Government,
Art. XLVIII.—If any British merchant-vessel be concerned in smuggling, the
goods, whatever their value or nature, shall be subject to confiscation by the Chinese
authorities, and the ship may be prohibited from trading further, and sent away as
soon as her account shall have been adjusted and paid.
Art. XLIX.—All penalties enforced, or confiscations made, under this Treaty
shall belong and be appropriated to the public service of the Government of China.
Art. L.—All official communications addressed by the Diplomatic and Consular
Agent of Her Majesty the Queen to the Chinese Authorities shall, henceforth, be writ-
ten in English. They will for the present be accompanied by a Chinese version, but it
is understood that, in the event of there being any difference of meaning between the
English and Chinese text, the English Government will hold the sense as expressed in
the English text to be the correct sense. This provision is to apply to the Treaty now
negotiated, the Chinese text of which has been carefully corrected by the English original.
Art. LI.—It is agreed that henceforward the character ij| “I” (barbarian) shall not
be applied to the Government or subjects of Her Britannic Majesty in any Chinese official
document issued by the Chinese authorities, either in the capital or in the provinces.
Art. LII.—British ships of war coming for no hostile purpose, or being engaged
in the pursuit of pirates, shall be at liberty to visit all ports within the dominions
of the Emperor of China, and shall receive every facility for the purchase of pro-
visions, procuring water, and, if occasion require, for the making of repairs. The
commanders of such ships shall hold intercourse with the Chinese authorities on
terms of equality and courtesy.
Art. LIII.—In consideration of the injury sustained by native and foreign
commerce from the prevalence of piracy in the seas of China, the high contracting
parties agree to concert measures for its suppression.
Art. LIY.—The British Government and its subjects are hereby confirmed in all
privileges, immunities, and advantages conferred on them by previous Treaties: and
it is hereby expressly stipulated that the British Government and its subjects will be
allowed free and equal participation in all privileges, immunities and advantages that
may have been, or may be hereafter, granted by His Majesty the Emperor of China
to the Government or subjects of any other nation.
Art. LY.—In' evidence of her desire for the continuance of a friendly under-
standing, Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain consents to include m a Separate
Article, which shall be in every respect of equal validity with the Articles of this
Treaty, the condition affecting indemnity for expenses incurred and losses sustained
in the matter of the Canton question.
12 TIENTSIN TREATY, 1858
Art. LYI.—The ratifications of this 't reaty, under the hand of Her Majesty the
Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and of His Majesty the? Emperor of China, re-
spectively, shall be exchanged at Peking, within a year from this day of signature.
In token whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed this
Treaty. Done at Tientsin, this twenty-sixth day of June, in the year ©f our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight; corresponding with the Chinese date, the
sixteenth day, fifth moon, of the eighth year of Hien Fung.
[l.s.] Elgin and
Signature of 1st Chinese Flexipotentiart. Kincardine.
Signature of 2nd Chinese Pienirotentiary.
Separate Article annexed to the Treaty concluded between Great Britain and China on the
twenty-sixth day of June, in the year One Thousand Eight Hundred and Fifty-eight.
It is hereby agreed that a sum of two millions of taels, on account of the losses sus-
tained by British subjects through the misconduct of the Chinese authorities at Canton,
and a further sum of two millions of taels on account of the Military expenses of the ex-
pedition which Her Majesty the Queen has been compelled to send out for the purpose of
obtaining redress and of enforcing the observance of Treaty provisions, shall be paid
to He: Majesty ’ s Representatives in China by the authorities of the Kwangtung Province.
The necessary arrangements with respect to the time and mode of effecting
these payments shall be determined by Her Majesty’s Representative, in concert with
the Chinese authorities of Kwangtung.
When the above amounts shall have been discharged in full, the British forces
will be withdrawn from the city of Canton. Done at Tientsin this twenty-sixth day of
June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eignt, corresponding
with the Chinese date, the sixteenth day, filth moon, of the eighth year of tiien Fung.
[l.s.] Elgin and
Signature of 1st Chinese ^lenipotentiart. Kincardine.
Signature of 2nd Chinese Plenipotentiary
AGREEMENT IN PURSUANCE OE ARTICLES XXYI.
AND XXVIII. OE THE TREATY OE TIENTSIN *
Signed at Shanghai, 8th November, 1858
Whereas it was provided, by the Treaty of Tientsin, that a conference should be
held at Shanghai between Officers deputed by the British Government on the one part
and by the Chinese Government on the other part, for the purpose of determining the
amount of tariff duties and transit dues to be henceforth levied, a conference has been
held accordingly; and its proceedings having been submitted to the Right Honourable
the Earl of Elgin and Kincardine, High Commissioner and Plenipotentiary of Her
Majesty the Queen on the one part; and to Kweiliang, Hwashana, Ho Kwei-tsing,
Ming-shen, and Twan Ching-shih, High Commissioners and Plenipotentiaries of His
Imperial Majesty the Emperor, on the other part, these High Officers have agreed
and determined upon the revised Tariff hereto appended, the rate of transit dues
therewith declared, together with other Rules and Regulations for the better explana-
tion of the Treaty aforesaid ; and do hereby agree that the said Tariff and Rules—
the latter being in ten Articles, thereto appended—shall be equally binding on the
Governments and subjects to both countries with the Treaty itself.
In witness whereof they hereto affix their Seals and Signatures.
Done at Shanghai, in the province of Kiangsu, this eighth day of November, in
the year of our Lord eighteen hundred and fifty-eight, being the third day of the
tenth moon of the eighth year of the reign of Hien Fung.
[l.s.] Elgin and Kincardine.
Seal of Chinese Plenipotentiaries. Signatures of the Five Chinese Plenipotentiaries,
* The Import Tariff wasthissuperseded by one arranged
last was revised in .922 ininaccordance
1902 which,with
in turn,
the was supersededConference
Washington by one arranged
resolu-
THE CHEEOO CONTENTION, 1876
WITH ADDITIONAL ARTICLE THERETO FOR REGULATING THE
TRAFFIC IN OPIUM
Ratifications exchanged at London, 6th May, 1886
Agreement negotiated between Sir Thomas Wade, k.c.b., Her Britannic
Majesty’s Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of China,
and Li, Minister Plenipotentiary of His Majesty the Emperor of China, Senior Grand
Secretary, Governor-General of the Province of Chihli, of the First Class of the
Third Order of Nobility.
The negotiation between the Ministers above named has its origin in a despatch
received by Sir Thomas Wade, in the Spring of the present year, from the Earl of
Derby, Principal Secretary ol State for Foreign Affairs, dated 1st January, 1876.
This contained instructions regarding the disposal of three questions: first, a satis-
factory settlement of the Yunnan aflair; secondly, a faithful fulfilment of engagements
of last year respecting intercourse between the high officers of the two Governments ;
thirdly, the adoption of a uniform system in satisfaction of the understanding arrived
at in the month of September, 1875 (8th moon of the 1st year of the reign Kwang
Su), on the subject of rectification of conditions of trade. It is to this despatch that
Sir Thomas Wade has referred himself in discussions on these questions with the
fsung-li Yamen, further reference to which is here omitted as superfluous. The
conditions now agreed to between Sir Thomas Wade and the Grand Secretary are as
follows:—
Section I.—Settlement of the Yunnan Case
1. —A Memorial is to be presented to the Throne, whether by
Yamen or by the Grand Secretary Li is immaterial, in the sense of the memorandum
prepared by Sir Thomas Wade. Before presentation the Chinese text of the Memorial
is to be shown to Sir Thomas Wade.
2. —The Memorial having been presented to the Throne, and the Im
in reply received, the Tsung-li Yamen will communicate copies of the Memorial and
Imperial decree of Sir Thomas Wade, together with copy of a letter from the
Tsung-li Yamen to the Provincial Governments, instructing tliem to issue a proclama-
tion that shall embody at length the above Memorial and Decree. Sir Thomas Wade
will thereon reply to the effect that for two years to come officers will be sent by the
British Minister to different places in the provinces to see that the proclamation is
posted. On application from the British Minister or the Consul of any port instructed
by him to make application, the high officers of the provinces will depute competent
officers to accompany those so sent to the places which they go to observe.
3. —In order to the framing of such regulations as will be needed fo
of the frontier trade between Burmah and Yunnan, the Memorial submitting the
proposed settlement of the Yunnan affair will contain a request that an Imperial
Decree be issued directing the Governor-General and Governor, whenever the British
Government shall send officers to Yunnan, to select a competent officer of rank to
confer with,them and to conclude a satisfactory arrangement.
4. —The British Government Will lie free for five years, from the
next, being the 17th day of the 11th moon of the 2nd year of the reign of Kwang Su,
to station officers at Ta-li Fu, or at some other suitable place in Yunnan, to observe
the conditions of trade ; to the end that they may have information upon which to
base the regulations of trade when these have to be discussed. For the considera-
tion and adjustment of any matter affecting British officers or subjects, these officers
will be free to address themselves to the authorities of the province. The opening
14 THE CHEFOO CONVENTION, 1876
of the trade may be proposed by the British G-overnmeht as it may find best at any
time within the term of five years? or upon expiry of the term of five years.
Passports having been obtained last year for a Mission from India into Yunnan,
it is open to the Viceroy of India to send such Mission at any time he may see fit.
5. —The amount of indemnity to be paid on account of the fam
and others killed in Yunnan, on account of the expenses which the Yunnan case has
occasioned, and on account of claims of British merchants arising out of the action
of officers of the Chinese Government up to the commencement of the present year.
Sir Thomas Wade takes upon himself to fix at two hundred thousand taels, payable
on demand.
6. —When the cash is closed an Imperial letter will be writte
for what has occurred in Yunnan. '1 he Mission bearing the Imperial letter will
proceed to England immediately. Sir Thomas Wade is-to be informed of the
constitution of this Mission for the information of this Government. The text of the
Imperial letter is also to be communicated to Sir Thomas Wade by the Tsung-li
Yamen.
Section II.—-O^iciaZ Intercourse
Under this heading are included the conditions of intercourse between high
officers in the capital and ihe provinces, and between Consular officers and Chinese
officials at the ports; also the conduct of judicial proceedings in mixed cases.
1. —in the Tsung-li Yamen’s Memorial of the 28th Septemb
of Kung and the Ministers stated that their object in presenting it had not been
simply the transaction of business in which Chinese and Foreigners might be con-
cerned ; missions abroad and the question of diplomatic intercourse lay equally with-
in their prayer.
To the prevention of further misunderstanding upon the subject of intercourse
and correspondence, the present conditions of both having caused complaint in the
capital and in the provinces, it is agreed that the Tsung-li Yamen shall address a
circular to the Legations, inviting Foreign Representatives to consider with them a
code of etiquette, to the end that foreign officials in China, whether at the ports or
elsewhere, may be treated with the same regard as is shown them when serving
abroad in other countries and as would be shown to Chinese agents so serving abroad.
The fact that China is about to establish Missions and Consulates abroad renders
an understanding on these points essential.
2. —The British Treaty of 1858, Article XVF., lays down tha
who may be guilty of any criminal act towards British subjects shall be arrested and
punished by Chinese authorities according to the laws of China.
“British subjects who may commit any crime in China shall be tried and
punished by the Consul, or any other public functionary authorised thereto, accord-
ing to the laws of Great Britain.
“Justice shall be equitably and impartially administered on both sides.”
The words “functionary authorised thereto” are translated in the Chinese text
“British Government.”
In order to the fulfilment of its Treaty obligation, the British Government has
established a Supreme Court at Shanghai with a special code of rules, which it is
now about to revise. The Chinese Government has established at Shanghai a Mixed
Court; but the officer presiding over- it, either from lack of power or dread of un-
popularity, constantly fails to enforce his judgments.
It is now-understood that the Tsung-li Yamen will write a circular to the Lega-
tion, inviting Foreign Representatives at once to consider with the Tsung-li Yamen
the measures needed for the more effective administration of justice at the ports
open to trade.
3. —It is agreed that,. whenever a crime is committed affe
property of a British subject, whether in the interior or at the open ports, the British
Minister shall be free to send officers to the spot to l?e present at the investigation.
THE CHEFOt) CONVENTION, 187(5 l=i
To the prevention of misunderstanding on this point, Sir Thomas Wade will
I write a Note to the above effect, to which the Tisung-li Tamen will reply, affirming
I that this is the course of proceeding to be adhered to for the time to come.
It is further understood that so long as the laws of the two countries differ from
! each other, there can be but one principle to guide judicial proceedings in mixed cases
in China, namely, that the case is tried by the official of the defendant’s nationality ;
the official of the plaintiff’s nationality merely attending to watch the proceedings in
: the interest of justice. If the officer so attending be dissatisfied with the proceedings,
it will be in. his power to protest against them in detail. The law administered will
be the law of the nationality of the officer trying the case. This is the meaning of
the words hui tfung indicating combined action in judicial proceedings, in Article
a XVI. of the Treaty of Tientsin ; and this is the course to be respectively followed by
j the officers of either nationality.
Sectio-N III.—Trade.
1. —With reference to the area within which, according to the Tre
; leJcin ought not to be collected on foreign goods at the open ports, Sir Thomas Wade
agrees to move his Government to allow the ground rented by foreigners (the so-called
Concessions) at the different ports, to be regarded as the area of exemption from
! lekin; and the Government of China will thereupon allow Ich’ang, .in the province
I of Hu-pi; Wu-hu, in An-hui; Wen-chow, in Che-kiang; and Pei-hai (Pak-hoi),
in Kwang-tung to be added to the number of ports open to trade and to become
5 Consular stations. The British Government will, further, be free to send officers to
i( reside at Chung-k’ing to watch the conditions of British trade in Szechuen;
" British merchants will not be allowed to reside at Chung-k’ing, or to open establish-
ments or warehouses there, so long as no steamers have access to the port. When
steamers have succeeded in ascending the river so far, further arrangements can be
| taken into consideration.
It is further proposed as a measure of compromise that at certain points on the
shore of the Great River, namely, Tat’ung and Ngan-Ching in the province of An-
hui; Ho-Kou, in Kiang-si; Wu-sui-h, Lu-chi kou, and Sha-shih in Hu-Kwang,
these being all places of trade in the interior, at which, as they are not open ports,
| foreign merchants are not legally authorised to land or ship goods, steamers shall be
allowed to touch for the purpose of landing or shipping passengers or goods ; but in
all instances by means of native boats only, and subject to the regulations in force
affecting native trade.
Produce accompanied by a half-duty certificate may be shipped at such points
by the steamers, but may not be landed by them for sale. And at all such points,
except in the case of imports accompanied by a transit duty certificate or exports
similarly certificated, which will be severally passed free of lelcin on exhibition of such
certificates, lekin will be duly collected on all goods whatever by the native authorities.
Foreign merchants will not be authorised to reside or open houses of business or
warehouses at the places enumerated as ports of call.
2. —At all ports open to trade, whether by earlier or later agreemen
settlement area has been previously defined, it will be the duty of the British Consul,
\ acting in concert with his colleagues, the Consuls of other Powers, to come to an
k understanding with the local authorities regarding the definition of the foreign
i settlement area.
3. —On Opium, Sir Thomas Wade will move his Government to
arrangement different from that affecting other imports. British merchants, when
opium is brought into port, will be obliged to have it taken cognisance of by the
) Customs, and deposited in bond, either in a warehouse or a receiving hulk, until such
| time as there is a sale for it. The importer will then pay the tariff duty upon it,
and the purchasers the lekin, in order to the prevention of evasion of the Treaty. The
amount of lekin to be collected will be decided by the different Provincial Govern-
ments according to the circumstances of each.
16 THE CHEFOO CONVENTION, 1876
4. —The Chinese Groyernment agree that Transit Duty Ce
framed under one rule at all ports, no difference being made in the conditions set forth
therein; and that, so far as imports are concerned, the nationality of the person
possessing and carrying these is immaterial. Native produce carried from an inland
centre to a port of shipment, if bond fide intended for shipment to a foreign port,
may be, by treaty, certified by the British subject interested, and exempted by
payment of the half duty from all charges demanded upon it en route. If produce be
not the property of a British subject, or is being carried to a port not for exportation,
it is not entitled to the exemption that would be secured it by the exhibition of a
transit duty certificate. The British Minister is prepared to agree with the Tsung-li
Yamen upon rules that will secure the Chinese Government against abuse of the
privilege as affecting produce.
The words nei-ti (inland) in the clause ©f Article VII. of the Rules appended to
tbe Tariff, regarding carriage of imports inland, and of native produce purchased
inland, apply as much to places on the sea coasts and river shores as to places in the
interior not open to foreign trade; the Chinese Government having the right to make
arrangements for the prevention of abuses thereat.
5. —Article XLV. of the Treaty of 1858 prescribed no limit to
which a drawback may be claimed upon duty-paid imports. The British Minister
agrees to a term of three years, after expiry of which no drawback shall be claimed.
6. —The foregoing stipulation, that certain ports are to be opened to foreign trade,
and that landing and shipping of goods at six places on the Great River is to be
sanctioned, shall be given effect to within six months after receipt of the Imperial
Decree approving the memorial of the Grand Secretary Li. The date for giving effect
to the stipulations affecting exemption of imports from lekin taxation within the for-
eign settlements and the collection of lekin upon opium by the Customs Inspectorate
at the same time as the Tariff Duty upon it, will be fixed as soon as the British Gov-
ernment has arrived at an understanding on the subject with other foreign Governments.
7. —The Governor of Hongkong having long complained of th
the Canton Customs Revenue Cruisers with the junk trade of that Colony, the Chinese
Government agrees to the appointment of a Commission, to consist of a British Consul,
an officer of the Hongkong Government, and a Chinese official of equal rank, for
the establishment of some system that shall enable the Chinese Government to
protect its revenue without prejudice to the interests of the Colony.
Separate Article
Her Majesty’s Government having it in contemplation to send a Mission of
Exploration next year by way of Peking through Kan-su and Koko-Nor, or by way of
Ssu-chuen, to Thibet, and thence to India, the Tsung-li Yamen, having due regard
to the circumstances, will, when the time arrives, issue the neces'sary passports, and
will address letters to the high provincial authorities and to the Resident in Thibet.
If the Mission should not be sent by these routes, but should be proceeding across
the Indian frontier to Thibet, the Tsung-li Yamen, on receipt of a communication to
the above effect from the British Minister, will write to the Chinese Resident in
Thibet, and the Resident, with due regard to the circumstances, will send officers to
take due care of the Mission; and passports for the Mission will be issued by the
Tsung-li Yamen, that its passage be not obstructed.
Done at Chefoo, in the province of Shan-tung, this thirteenth day of September,
in the year of Our Lord One Thousand Eight Hundred and Seventy-six.
[l.s.J Thomas Francis Wade.
[l.s.] Li Hung-chang.
THE CHEEOO CONVENTION, 1876 17
Additional Articles to the Agreement between Great Britain and China
Signed at Chefoo on the l%th September, 1876
Signed at London, 18th July, 1885
The Governments of Great Britain and of China, considering that the arrange-
ments proposed in Clauses 1 and 2 of Section III. of the Agreement between Great
Britain and China, signed at Chefoo on the 13th September, 1876 .(hereinafter
referred to as the “ Chefoo Agreement ”), in relation to the area within which Ze/cm
ought not to be collec'ed on foreign goods at the open ports, and to the definition of
the Foreign Settlement area, require further consideration; also that the terms of
-Clause 3 of the same section are not sufficiently- explicit to serve as an efficient regula-
tion for the traffic in opium, and recognizing the desirability of placing restrictions
on the consumption of opium, have agreed to the present Additional Article.
1. —As regards the arrangements above referred to and proposed
and 2 of Section III. of the Chefoo Agreement, it is agreed that they shallbe reserved
for further consideration between the two Governments.
2. —In lieu of the arrangement respecting opium proposed in Claus
II. of the Chefoo Agreement, it is agreed that foreign opium, when imported into
China, shall be taken cognizance of by the Imperial Maritime Customs, and shall be
deposited in bond, either in warehouses or receiving-hulks which have been approved
of by the Customs, and that it shall not be removed thence until there shall have
been paid to the Customs the Tariff duty of 30 taels per chest of 100 catties, and also
a sum not exceeding 80 taels per like chest as lehin.
3. —It is agreed that the aforesaid import and lekin duties having
owner shall be allowed to have the opium repacked in bond under the supervision of
the Customs, and put into packages of such assorted sizes as he may select from such
sizes as shall have been agreed upon by the Customs authorities and British Consul
at the port of entry.
The Customs shall then, if required, issue gratuitously to the owner a transit cer-
tificate for each such package, or one for any number of packages, at option of the owner.
Such certificates shall free the opium to which it applies from the imposition of
any further tax or duty whilst in transport in the interior, provided that the package
has not been opened, and that the Customs seals, marks, and numbers on the packages
have not been effaced or tampered with.
Such certificate shall have validity only in the hands of Chinese subjects, and
shall not entitle foreigners to convey or accompany any opium in which they7 may
be interested into the interior.
4. —It is agreed that the Regulations under which the said certific
issued shall be the same for all the ports, and that the form shall be as follows:—
“ Opium Transit Certificate.
“ This is to certify that Tariff and lekin duties at the rate of taels per chest
-of 100 catties have been paid on the opium marked and numbered as under; and
that, in conformity with the Additional Article signed at London the 18th July, 1885,
.and appended to the Agreement between Great Britain and China signed at Cbefoo
the 13th September, 1876, and approved by the Imperial Decree printed on the back
thereof, the production of this certificate will exempt the opium to which it refers,
wherever it may be found, from the imposition of any further tax or duty whatever,
provided that the packages are unbroken, and the Customs seals, marks, and numbers
have not been effaced or tampered with.
“Mark, No.
X — 00 packages
“ Port of entry,
“ Date “ Signature of Commissioner of Customs."
5. —The Chinese Government undertakes that when the packages s
-opened at the place of consumption, the opium shall not be subjected to any tax or
18 THE CHEFOO CONVENTION, 1876
contribution, direct or indirect, other than or in excess of such tax or contribution
as is or may hereafter be levied on native opium.
In the event of such tax or contribution being calculated ad valorem, the same-
rate, value for value, shall be assessed on foreign and native opium, and in ascertaining
for this purpose the value of foreign opium the amount paid on it for lekin at the
port of entry shall be deducted from its market value.
6. —It is agreed that the present Additional Article shall be co
part of the Chefoo Agreement, and that it shall have the same force and validity as
if it were therein inserted word for word. It shall come into operation six months
after its signature, provided the ratifications have then been exchanged, or if they
have not, then on the date at which such exchange takes place.
7. —The arrangement respecting opium contained in the presen
shall remain binding for four years, after the expiration of which period either
Government may at any time give twelve months’ notice of its desire to determine it,
and, such notice being given, it shall terminate accordingly. It is, however, agreed
that the Government of Great Britain shall have the right to terminate the same at
any time should the transit certificate be found not to confer on the opium complete
exemption from all taxation whatsoever whilst being carried from the port of entry
to the place of consumption in the interior. In the event of the termination of the
present Additional Article the arrangement with regard to opium now in force and-
the regulations attached to the Treaty of Tientsin shall revive.
8. —The High Contracting Parties may, by common consent,
tions of the provisions of the present Additional Article which experience may show
to be desirable.
9. —It is understood that the Commission provided for in Clau
©f the Chefoo Agreement to inquire iuto the question of prevention of smuggling
into China from Hongkong shall be appointed as soon as possible.
10. —The Chefoo Agreement, together with, and as mod
Additional Article, shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at London
as soon as possible.
In witness whereof the Undersigned, duly authorized thereto by their respective
Governments, have signed the present Additional Article, and have affixed thereto-
their seals.
Done at London, in quadruplicate (two in English and two in Chinese), this
18th day of July, 1885, being the seventh day of the sixth moon, in the eleventh year
of the reign of Kwang Hsu.
[n.s.] Salisbury.
[l.s.] -Tseng.
The Marquis Tseng to the Marquis of Salisbury.
Chinese Legation, London, \9>th July, 1885.
My Lord—In reply to your Lordship’s note of this date, I have the honour to
state that the Imperial Government accept the following as the expression of the
understanding which has been come to between the Governments of Great Britain-
and China in regard to the Additional Article to the Chefoo Agreement relative to
opium, which has been signed this day:—
1. —It is understood that it shall be competent for Her Maje
once to withdraw from this new arrangement, and to revert to the system of taxation
for opium at present in operation in China, in case the Chinese Government shall fail to-
bringtheotherTreaty Powers to conform to the provisions of the said Additional Article.
2. —It is further understood that, in the event of the term
Additional Article, the Chefoo Agreement, with the exception of Clause 3 of Section
HI., and with the modification stipulated in Clause 1 of the said Additional Article,,
nevertheless, remain in force.
THE OPIUM CONVENTION
Memorandum of the basis of Agreement arrived at after discussion between Mr.
James Russell, Puisne Judge of Hongkong; Sir Robert Hart, k.c.m.g., Inspector-
Oeneral of Customs, aud Shao Taotai, Joint Commissioners for China; and Mr.
Byron Brenan, Her Majesty’s Consul at Tientsin, in pursuance of Article 7, Section
III. of the Agreement between Great Britain and China, signed at Chefoo on the 15th
September, 1876, and of Section 9 of the Additional Article to the said Agreement,
signed at London on the 18th July, 1885.
Mr. Russell undertakes that the Government of Hongkong shall submit to the
Legislative Council an Ordinance * for the regulation of the trade of the "Colony in
Raw Opium subject to conditions hereinafter set forth and providing:—
a.—For the prohibition to the import and export of Opium in quantities less than 1 chest, f
*6.—For rendering illegal the possession of Raw Opium, its custody or control in quan-
tities less than one chest, except by the Opium Farmer.
c. —That all Opium arriving in the Colony be reported to the Harbour Master, and t
no Opium shall be transhipped, landed, stored or movedfrom one store to another, or re-
exported without a permit from the Harbour Master, and notice to the OpiumFarmer.
d. —For the keeping by Importers, Exporters, and Godown Owners, in such form
the Governor may require, books showing the movements of Opium.
■e.—For taking stock of quantities in the stores, and search for deficiencies by the
Opium Farmer, and for furnishing to the Harbour Master returns of stocks.
/.—For amendment of Harbour Regulations, as to the night clearances of junks.
The conditions on which it is agreed to submit the Ordinance are —
a. —That China arranges with Macao for the adoption of equivalent measures.
b. —That the Hongkong Government shall be entitled to repeal the Ordinance
be found to be injurious to the Revenue or to the legitimate trade of the Colony.
•c. —That an Office under the Foreign Inspectorate shall be established on Chinese
Territory at a convenient spot on the Kowloon side for sale of Chinese Opium Duty
Certificates, which shall be freely sold to all comers, and for such quantities of
Opium as they may require.
d.—That Opium accompanied by such certificates, at the rate of not more than Tls.
110 per picul, shall be free from all further imposts of every sort, and have all the
benefits stipulated for by the Additional Article on behalf of Opium on which duty
has been paid at one of the ports of China, and that it may be made up in sealed
parcels at the option of the purchaser.
•e.—That junks trading between Chinese ports and Hongkong and their cargoes shall
not be subject to any dues or duties in excess of those leviable on junks and their
cargoes trading between Chinese ports and Macao, and that no dues whatsoever
shall be demanded from junks coming to Hongkong from ports in China, or pro-
ceeding from Hongkong to ports in China, over and above the dues paid or payable
at the ports of clearance or destination.
/.—That the Officer of the Foreign Inspectorate, who will be responsible for the
management of the Kowloon Office, shall investigate and settle any complaints
made by the junks trading with Hongkong against the Native Customs Revenue
Stations or Cruisers in the neighbourhood, and that the Governor of Hongkong, if
he deems it advisable, shall be entitled to send a Hongkong Officer to be present at
and assist in the investigation and decision. If, however, they do not agree, a
reference may be made to the Authorities at Peking for joint decision.
Sir Robert Hart undertakes, on behalf of himself and Shao Taotai (who was com-
pelled by unavoidable circumstances to leave before the sittings of the Commission
were terminated), that the Chinese Government shall agree to the above conditions.
The undersigned are of opinion that if these arrangements are fully carried out,
a fairly satisfactory solution of the questions connected with the so-called “Hong-
kong Blockade ” will have been arrived at.
# Signed in triplicate at Hongkong, this 11th day of September, 1886.
See Ordinance 22 of 1887. tA in edification allowing export in smaller quantities than one chest was subsequently agreed to.
THE CHUNGKING AGREEMENT, 1890
ADDITIONAL ARTICLE TO THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN GREAT
BRITAIN AND CHINA OF SEPTEMBER I3th, 1876
Ratifications Exchanged at Peking, \Sth January, 1891
The Governments of Great Britain and China, being desirous of settling in ;m
amicable spirit the divergence of ojdnion which has arisen with respect to the First
Clause of the Third Section of the Agreement concluded at Chefoo in 1876, which
stipulates that “ The British Government will be free to send officers to reside at
Chungking to watch the conditions of British trade in Szechuan, that British mer-
chants will not be allowed to reside at Chungking, or to open establishments or
warehouses there, so long as no steamers have access to the port, and that when
steamers have succeeded in ascending the river so far, further arrangements can be
taken into consideration,” have agreed upon the following Additional Articles :—
I. —Chungking shall forthwith be declared open to trade on th
any other Treaty port. British subjects shall be at liberty either to charter Chinese
vessels or to provide vessels of the Chinese type for the traffic between Ichang and
Chungking.
II. —Merchandise conveyed between Ichang and Chungking
of vessels shall be placed on the same footing as merchandise carried by steamers
between Shanghai and Ichang, and shall be dealt with in accordance with Treaty
Tariff Rules, and the Yangtsze Regulations.
III. —All regulations as to the papers and flags to be ca
above description, as to the repackage of goods for the voyage beyond Ichang and
as to the general procedure to be observed by those engaged in the traffic between
Ichang and Chungking with a view to -insuring convenience and security, shall be
drawn up by the Superintendent of Customs at Ichang, the Taotai of the Ch’uan
Tung Circuit, who is now stationed at Chungking, and the Commissioners of Customs
in consultation with the British Consul, and shall be liable to any modifications that
may hereafter prove to be desirable and may be agreed upon by common consent.
IV".—Chartered junks shall pay port dues at Ichang and Chungking in accord-
ance with the Yangtsze Regulations; vessels of Chinese type, if and when entitled
to carry the British flag, shall pay tonnage dues in accordance with Treaty
Regulations. It is obligatory on both chartered junks and also vessels of Chinese
type, even when the latter may be entitled' to carry the British flag, to
take out at the Maritime Custom-house special papers and a special flag
when intended to be employed by British subjects in the transport of goods
between Ichang and Chungking, and without such papers and flag no vessels
of either class shall be allowed the privileges and immunities granted under this
Additional Article. Provided with special papers and flag, vessels of both classes
shall be allowed to ply between the two ports, and they and their cargoes shall be
dealt with in accordance with Treaty Rules and the Yangtsze Regulations. All other
vessels shall be dealt with by the Native Customs. The special papers and flag
issued by the Maritime Customs must alone be used by the particular vessel for
which they were originally issued, and are not transferable from one vessel to-
another. The use of the British flag by vessels the property of Chinese is strictly
prohibited. Infringement of these Regulations will, in the first instance, render
the offender liable to the penalties in force at the ports hitherto opened under Treaty,
and should the offence be subsequently repeated, the vessel’s special papers and flag
will be withdrawn, and the vessel herself refused permission thenceforward to trade-
between Ichang and Chungking.
V.—When once Chinese steamers carrying cargo run to Chungking, British,
steamers shall in like manner have access to the said port.
THE THIBET-SIKKIM CONVENTIOX, 1890 21*
VI.—It is agreed that the present Additional Article shall he considered as
forming part of the Chefoo Agreement, and as having the same force and validity as
I if it were inserted therein word for word. It shall be ratified, and the ratifications-
exchanged at Peking, and it shall come into operation six months after its signature,
j provided the ratifications have then been exchanged, or if they have not, then on
i the date at which such exchange takes place.
Done at Peking in triplicate (three in English and three in Chinese), this-
thirty-first day of March, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and1
ninety, being the eleventh day of the Second Intercalary Moon of the sixteenth year
of Kuang Hsu.
[l.s.] John Walsham [l.s.] Signature of Chinese
Plenipotentiary.
THE THIBET-SIKKIM CONVENTION, 1890
Ratified in London, \7th August, 1890
Art. I.—The boundary of Sikkim and Thibet shall be the crest of the mountain*
range separating the waters flowing into the Sikkim Teesta and its affluents from
the waters flowing into the Thibetan Machu and northwards into other rivers of*
! Thibet. The line commences at Mount Gipmochi on the Bhutan frontier, and follows-
the above-mentioned water-parting to the point where it meets Hepaul territory.
Art. II.—It is admitted that the British Government, whose protectorate over
| the Sikkim State is hereby recognised, has direct and exclusive control over the-
internal administration and foreign relations of that State, and except througli
I and with the permission of the British Government neither the ruler of the State
nor any of its officers shall have official relations of any kind, formal or informal,.,
with any other country.
Art. III.—The Government of Great Britain and Ireland and the Government
of China engage reciprocally to respect the boundary as defined in Article 1. and to •
prevent acts of aggression from their respective sides of the frontier.
Art. IV.—-The question of providing increased facilities for trade across the
Sikkim-Thibet frontier will hereafter be discussed with a view to a mutually
satisfactory arrangement by the high contracting Powers.
Art. V.—The question of pasturage on the Sikkim side of the frontier is
reserved for further examination and future adjustment.
Art. YI.—The high contracting Powers reserve for discussion and arrangement
the method in which official communications between the British authorities in
India and the authorities in Thibet shall be conducted.
Art. YII.—Two Joint Commissioners shall within six months from the ratifica-
tion of this Convention be appointed, one by the British Government in India, the-
other by the Chinese Resident in Thibet. The said Commissioners shall meet and
discuss the questions which by the last three preceding articles have been reserved.
Art. VIII.—The present Convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall
be exchanged in London, as soon as possible after the date of the signature thereof.
THE BURMAH CONVENTION
Signed at Peking, 4th February, 1897
In consideration of the Government of Great Britain consenting to waive its-
objections to the alienation by China, by the Convention with France of June 20th,4.
1895, of territory forming a portion of TGang Hung, in derogation of the provision
.22 THE BURMAH CONVENTION
■ of the Convention between Great Britain and China of March 1st, 1894, it has been
agreed between the Governments of Great Britain and China that the following
additions and alterations shall be made in the last-named Convention, hereinafter
referred to as the Original Convention.
(Articles T. to XL refer to the Burmah Frontier and trade across it between Burmah
and Yunnan.)
Art. XII. (Providing for the free navigation of the Irrawady by Chinese
vessels).— Add as follows:— The Chinese Government agree hereafter to
consider whether the conditions of trade justify the construction of railways in
Yunnan, and in the event of their construction, agrees to connect them with the
Burmese lines.
Art. XIII.—Whereas by the Original Convention it was agreed that China
might appoint a Consul in Burmah to reside at Rangoon, and that Great Britain
might appoint a Consul to reside at Manwyne, and that the Consuls of the two
Governments should each within the territories of the other enjoy the same
privileges and immunities as the Consuls of the most favoured nation, and further
that in proportion as the commerce between Burmah and China increased, additional
Consuls might be appointed by mutual consent to reside at such places in Burmah
and Yunnan as the requirements of trade might seem to demand.
It has iiow been agreed that the Government of Great Britain may station a
Consul at Momein or Shunning Fu as the Government of Great Britain may prefer,
instead of at Manwyne as stipulated in the Original Convention, and also to station
a Consul at Szumao.
British subjects and persons under British protection may establish themselves
and trade at these places under the same conditions as at the Treaty Ports in
China.
The Consuls appointed as above shall be on the same footing as regards
correspondence and intercourse with Chinese officials as the British Consuls at the
Treaty Ports.
Art. XIV. (Providing for issue of passports by the Consuls on each side of the
•frontier).—Instead of “Her Britannic Majesty’s Consul at Manwyne ” in the Original
Convention read “ Her Britannic Majesty’s Consul at Shunning ‘ or Momein,’ ”
in accordance with the change made in Article XIII.
Failing agreement as to the terms of revision the present arrangement shall
remain in force.
Special Article.
Whereas on the twentieth day of January, one thousand eight hundred and
ninety-six, the Tsung-li Yamen addressed an official despatch to Her Majesty’s
Charge d’Affaires at Peking, informing him that on the thirtieth day of December,
one thousand eight hundred and ninety-five, they had submitted a Memorial
respecting the opening of ports on the West River to foreign trade, and had received
an Imperial Decree in approval of which they officially communicated a copy.
It has now been agreed that the following places, namely, Wuchow Fu in
Kwangsi, and Samshui city and Bongkun Market in Kwangtung, shall be opened as
Treaty Ports and Consular Stations with freedom of navigation for steamers between
. Samshui and Wuchow and Hongkong and Canton by a route from each of these
latter places to be selected and notified in advance by the Maritime Customs, and
that the following four places shall be established as ports of call for goods and
passengers under the same regulations as the ports of call on the Yangtsze River,
namely, Kongmoon, Kamchuk, Shiuhing and Takhing.
It is agreed that the present Agreement, together with the Special Article, shall
come into force within four months of the date of signature, and that the ratifications
'thereof shall be exchanged at Peking as soon as possible.
In witness whereof the undersigned duly authorised thereto by their respective
Governments have signed the present agreement.
KOWLOON EXTENSION AGREEMENT, 1398 23 ■
Done at Peking in triplicate (three copies in English and three in Chinese),
the fourth day of February in the Year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred'
and ninety-seven.
(Sd.) Claude M. Macdon.\ld. (Seal)
(Hieroglyphic) Lx Hung-chang. (Seal)
KOWLOON EXTENSION AGREEMENT, 1898
! Whereas it has for many years past been recognised that an extension of Hong-
> kong territory is necessary for the proper defence and protection of the Colony,
It has now been agreed between the Governments of Great Britain and China
that the limits of British territory shall be enlarged under lease to the extent
| indicated generally on the annexed map.
The exact boundaries shall be hereafter fixed when proper surveys have been
[, made by officials appointed by the two Governments. The term of this lease shall
! be ninety-nine years.
It is at the same time agreed that within the City of Kowloon the Chinese
officials now stationed there shall continue to exercise jurisdiction, except so far as-
| may be inconsistent with the military requirements for the defence of Hongkong,
j Within the remainder of the newly-leased territory Great Britain shall have sole
| jurisdiction. Chinese officials and people shall be allowed, as heretofore, to use the-
road from Kowloon to Hsinan,
It is further agreed that the existing landing-place near Kowloon city shall be
reserved for the convenience of Chinese men-of-war, merchant and passengers vessels,,
which may come and go and lie there at their pleasure; and for the convenience of
movements of the officials and people within the city.
When, hereafter, China constructs a railway to the boundary of the Kowloon,
territory under British control, arrangements shall be discussed.
It is further understood that there will be no expropriation or expulsion of the
inhabitants of the district included within the extension, and that if land is required
for public offices, fortifications, or the like official purposes, it shall be bought at
a fair price.
If cases of extradition of criminals occur they shall be dealt with in accordance-
with the existing treaties between Great Britain and China and the Hongkong
Regulations.
The area leased by Great Britain includes the waters of Mirs Bay and Deep
Bay, but it is agreed that Chinese vessels of war, whether neutral or otherwise,
shall retain the right to use those waters.
This Convention shall come into force on the first day of July, eighteen hundred
and ninety-eight, being the thirteenth day of the fifth moon of the twenty-fourth year
of Kwang Hsu. It shall be ratified by the Sovereigns of the two countries, and the
ratifications shall be exchanged in London as soon as possible.
In witness whereof the undersigned, duly authorised thereto by their respective-
Govemments, have signed the present agreement.
ninthDone
day ofat June,
Pekingin inthequadruplicate (four eighteen
year of Our Lord copies inhundred
Englishandandninety-eight,
in Chinese)being,
the
the twenty-first day of the fourth moon of the twenty-fourth year of Kwang Hsii.
Claude M. Macdonald.
Lx Hung-chang, ) Members of
Hsu Ting K'uei, ) Tsung-li Yamen.
THE WEIHAIWEI CONVENTION, 1898
Ratifications exchanged in London, 5th October, 1898
In order to provide Great Britain with a suitable naval harbour in North China,
and for the better protection of British commerce in the neighbouring seas, the
'•Government of His Majesty the Emperor of China agrees to lease to the Government
of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Weihaiwei, in the province
of Shantung, and the adjacent waters for so long a period as Port Arthur shall
remain in the occupation of Russia.
The territory leased shall comprise the island of Liukung and all other islands
in the Bay of Weihaiwei, and a belt of land ten English miles wide along the entire
coast line of the Bay of Weihaiwei. Within the above-mentioned territory leased
Great Britain shall have sole jurisdiction.
Great Britain shall have, in addition, the right to erect fortifications, station
troops, or take any other measures necessary for defensive purposes, at any points on
or near the coast of the region east of the meridian 121 degrees 40 min. E. of Green-
wich, and to acquire on equitable compensation within that territory such sites as
may be necessary for water supply, communications, and hospitals. Within that
zone Chinese administration will not be interfered with, but no troops other than
Chinese or British shall be allowed therein.
It is also agreed that within the walled city of Weihaiwei Chinese officials shall
continue to exercise jurisdiction, except so far as may be inconsistent with naval
and military requirements for the defence of the territory leased.
It is further agreed that Chinese vessels of war, whether neutral or otherwise,
shall retain the right to use the waters herein leased to Great Britain.
It is further understood that there will be no expropriation or expulsion of the
inhabitants of the territory herein specified, and that if land is required for forti-
fications, public offices, or any official or public purpose, it shall be bought at a fair
price.
This Convention shall come into force on signature. It shall be ratified by the
Sovereigns of the two countries, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in London
as soon as possible.
In witness whereof the undersigned, duly authorised thereto by their respective
Governments, have signed the present agreement.
Claude M. Macdonald.
Prince Chino, Senior Member of the Tsung-li Yamen.
Liao Shou Heng, President of Board of Punishments.
Done at Peking in quadruplicate (four copies in English and four in Chinese)
•the first day of July, in the year of Our Lord eighteen hundred and ninety-eight,
being the thiiteenth day of the fifth moon of the twenty-fourth year of Kuang Hsii.
Provisional arrangements for the rendition of Weihaiwei to China, in accord-
. ance with the agreement reached at the Washington Conference, was drawn up in 1923.
SUPPLEMENTARY COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH CHINA
Signed at Shanghai, 5th Septembee, 1902
Ratifications exchanged at Peking, 28th July, 1903
His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of:
the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, and His Majesty the Em-
peror of China, having resolved to enter into negotiations with a view to carrying out
the provisions contained in Article XI. of the Final Protocol signed at Peking on the-
7th of September, 1901, under which the Chinese Government agreed to negotiate the
amendments deemed useful by the Foreign Governments to the Treaties of Commerce
and Navigation and other subjects concerning commercial relations with the object of;
facilitating them, have for that purpose named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to
say:—
His Majesty the King of Great Britain and Ireland, His Majesty’s Special Com-
missioner, Sir James Lyle Mackay, Knight Commander of the Most Eminent Order of
the Indian Empire, a member of the Council of the Secretary of State for India, etc.
And His Majesty the Emperor of China, the Imperial Commissioners Lii Hai-huan,
President of the Board of Public Works, etc., and Sheng Hsuan-huai, Junior Guardian
of the Heir Apparent, Senior Vice-President of the Board of Public Works, etc.
Who having communicated to each other thteir respective full powers, and
found them to be in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the-
following Articles:—•
Art. I.—Delay having occurred in the past in the issue of Drawback Certificates-
owing to the fact that those documents have to be dealt with by the Superintendent
of Customs at a distance from the Customs Office, it is now agreed that Drawback-
Certificates shall hereafter in all cases be issued by the Imperial Maritime Customs
within three weeks of the presentation to the Customs of the papers entitling the-
applicant to receive such Drawback Certificates.
These Certificates shall be valid tender to the Customs Authorities in payment
of any duty upon goods imported or exported (transit dues excepted), or shall, in the
case of Drawbacks on foreign goods re-exported abroad within three years from the
date of importation, be payable in cash without deduction by the Customs Bank at
the place where the import duty was paid.
But if, in connection* with any application for a Drawback Certificate, the
Customs Authorities discover an attempt to defraud the revenue, the applicant shall
be liable to a fine not exceeding five times the amount of the duty wrhereof he-
attempted to defraud the Customs, or to a confiscation of the goods.
Art. II.—China agrees to take the necessary steps to provide for a uniform
national coinage which shall be legal tender in payment of all duties, taxes and other
obligations throughout the Empire by British as well as Chinese subjects.
Art. III.—China agrees that the duties and lelcin combined levied on goods carried
by junks from Hongkong to the Treaty Ports in the Canton Province and vice versa
shall together not be less than the duties charged by the Imperial Maritime Customs-
on similar goods carried by steamer.
Art. IV.—-Whereas questions have arisen in the past concerning the right of
Chinese subjects to invest money in non-Chinese enterprises and companies, and
whereas it is a matter of common knowledge that large sums of Chinese capital are
so invested, China hereby agrees to recognise the legality of all such investments past,-
present and future.
2C, THE BRITISH COMMERC AL TREATY WITH CHINA
It being, moreover, of the utmost importance that all shareholders in a Joint Stock
Company should stand on a footing of perfect equality as far as mutual obligations
are concerned, China further agrees that Chinese subjects who have or may become
shareholders in any British Joint Stock (Company shall be held to have accepted, by
the very act of becoming shareholders, the Charter of Incorporation or Memorandum
and Articles of Association of such Company and regulations framed thereunder as
interpreted by British Courts, and that Chinese Courts shall enforce compliance there-
with by such Chinese shareholders, if a suit to that effect be entered, provided always
that their liability shall not be other or greater than that of British shareholders in
the same Company.
Similarly the British Government agree that British subjects investing in
Chinese.Companies shall be under the same obligations as the Chinese shareholders
in such companies.
The foregoing shall not apply to cases which have already been before the Courts
and been dismissed.
Art. V.—The Chinese Government undertake to remove within the next two
years the artificial obstructions to navigation in the Canton River. The Chinese
Government also agree to improve the accommodation for shipping in the harbour of
Canton and to take the necessary steps to maintain that improvement, such work to
be carried out by the Imperial Maritime Customs and the cost thereof to be defrayed
by a tax on goods landed and shipped by British and Chinese alike according to a
-scale to be arranged between the merchants and the Customs Authorities.
The Chinese Government are aware of the desirability of improving the naviga-
bility by steamer of the waterway between Ichang and Chungking, but are also fully
aware that such improvement might involve heavy expense and would affect the
interests of the population of the provinces of Szechuen, Hunan, and Hupeh. It is,
therefore, mutually agreed that until improvements can be carried out steamship
owners shall be allowed, subject to approval by the Imperial Maritime Customs, to
■erect, at their own expense, appliances for hauling through the rapids. Such
appliances shall be at the disposal of all vessels, both steamers and junks, subject to
regulations to be drawn up by the Imperial Maritime Customs. These appliances
shall not obstruct the waterway or interfere with the free passage of junks. Signal
stations and channel marks where and when necessary shall be erected by the
Imperial Maritime Customs. Should any practical scheme be presented for improv-
ing the waterway and assisting navigation without injury to the local population or
cost to the Chinese Government, it shall be considered by the latter in a friendly
-spirit.
Art. VI.—The Chinese Government agree to make arrangements to give increased
facilities at the open ports for bonding and for repacking merchandise in bond, and,
on official representation being made by the British Authorities, to grant the privi-
leges of a bonded warehouse to any warehouse which, to the satisfaction of the
■Customs Authorities, affords the necessary security to the revenue.
Such wareho.uses will be subject to regulations, including a scale of fees according
to commodities, distance from Custom-house and hours of working, to be drawn up
by the Customs Authorities who will meet the convenience of merchants so far as is
compatible with the protection of the revenue.
Art. VII.—Inasmuch as the British Government affords protection to Chinese
trade marks against infringement, imitation, or colourable imitation by British
subjects, the Chinese Government undertake to afford protection to British trade
marks against infringement, imitation, or colourable imitation by Chinese subjects.
The Chinese Government further undertake that the Superintendents of Northern
and of Southern trade shall establish offices within their respective jurisdictions under
control of the Imperial Maritime Customs where foreign trade marks may be
registered on payment of a reasonable fee.
Art. VIII.—Preamble. The Chinese Government, recognising that the system
•of levying lekin and other dues on goods at the place of production, in transit, and at
THE BRITISH COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH CHINA. 27"
destination, impedes the free circulation of commodities and injures the interests of
trade, hereby undertake to discard completely those means of raising revenue with
the limitation mentioned in Section 8.
The British Government, in return, consent to allow a surtax, in excess of the-
! Tariff rates for the time being in force, to be imposed on foreign goods imported by
British subjects, and a surtax in addition to the export duty on Chinese produce
destined for export abroad or coastwise.
It is clearly understood that after lekin barriers and other stations for taxing
goods in transit have been removed, no attempt shall be made to revive them in any
; form or under any pretext whatsoever; that in no case shall the surtax on foreign
imports exceed the equivalent of one and a half times the import duty leviable in«
terms of the Final Protocol signed by China and the Powers on the 7th day of Sep-
| tember, 1901; that payment of the import duty and surtax shall secure for foreign-
I imports, whether in the hands of Chinese or non-Chinese subjects, in original packages
or otherwise, complete immunity from all other taxation, examination or delay ; that
f the total amount of taxation leviable on native produce for export abroad shall, under
l no circumstances, exceed 7| per cent, ad valorem.
Keeping these fundamental principles steadily in view, the high contracting
. parties have agreed upon the following methods of procedure:—
Section 1.—The Chinese Government undertake that all barriers of whatsoever
i kind, collecting lekin or such like dues or duties, shall be permanently abolished on all
| roads, railways, and waterways in the Eighteen Provinces of China and the Three
j Eastern Provinces. This provision does not apply to the Native Custom-houses at
l present in existence on the seaboard or waterways, at open ports, on land routes, and-
? on land frontiers of China.
Section 2.—The British Government agree that foreign goods on importation, in.
| addition to the effective 5 per cent, import duty as provided for in the Protocol of 1901,
;l shall pay a special surtax equivalent to one and a half times the said duty to com-
l pensate for the abolition of lekin, of transit dues in lieu of lekin, and of all other
[ taxation on foreign goods, and in consideration of the other reforms provided for in
this Article; but this provision shall not impair the right of China to tax salt, native
opium and native produce as provided for in Sections 8, 5, 6 and 8.
The same amount of surtax shall be levied on goods imported into the Eighteen
Provinces of China and the Three Eastern Provinces across the land frontiers as on
goods entering China by sea.
Section 3.—All Native Custom-houses now existing, whether at the Open Ports*
" on the seaboard, on rivers, inland waterways, land routes or land frontiers, as
enumerated in the Hu Pu and Kung Pu Tse Li (Regulations of the Boards of Revenue
and Works) and Ta Ch'ing Hui Tien (Dynastic Institutes), may remain; a list of the •
same, with their location, shall be furnished to the British Government, for purposes-
[;. of record.
Wherever there are Imperial Maritime Custom-houses, or wherever such may
i be hereafter placed, Native Custom-houses may be also established; as well as at any
, points either on the seaboard or land frontiers.
The location of Native Custom-houses in the Interior may be changed as the
f circumstances of trade seem to require, but any change must be communicated to the
| British Government, so that the list may be corrected; the originally stated number
of them shall not, however, be exceeded.
Goods carried by junks or sailing-vessels trading to or from open ports shall not
pay lower duties than the combined duties and surtax on similar cargo carried by
I steamers.
Native produce, when transported from one place to another in the interior, shall,.
) on arrival at the first Native Custom-house, after leaving the place of production, pay
I duty equivalent to the export surtax mentioned in Section 7.
When this duty has been paid, a certificate shall be given which shall describe the
nature of the goods, weight, number of packages, etc., amount of duty paid and
intended destination. This certificate, which shall be valid for a fixed period of not
THE BEITISH COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH CHINA
less than one year from date of payment of duty, shall free the goods from all taxation,
-examination, delay, or stoppage at any other Native Custom-houses passed en route.
If the goods are taken to a place not in the foreign settlements or concessions of an
open port, for local use, they become there liable to the Consumption Tax described
in Section 8.
If the goods are shipped from an open port, the certificate is to be accepted by
the Custom-house concerned, in lieu of the export surtax mentioned in Section 7.
Junks, boats, or carts shall not be subjected to any taxation beyond a small and
reasonable charge, paid periodically at a fixed annual rate. This does not exclude the
; right to levy, as at present, tonnage (Chuan Chao) and port dues (Chuan Liao) on
junks.
Section 4.—Foreign opium duty and present lelcin—which latter will now become
a surtax in lieu of lekin—shall remain as provided for by existing Treaties.
Section 5.—The British Government have no intention whatever of interfering
with China’s right to tax native opium, but it is essential to declare that, in her
. arrangements for levying such taxation, China will not subject other goods to taxation,
delay, or stoppage.
China is free to retain at important points on the borders of each province—either
on land or water—offices for collecting duty on native opium, where duties or contribu-
tions leviable shall be paid in one lump sum ; which payment shall cover taxation of all
kinds within that province. Each cake of opium will have a stamp affixed as evidence
of duty payment. Excise officers and police may be employed in connection with these
- offices ; but no barriers or other obstructions are to be erected, and the excise officers
or police of these offices shall not stop or molest any other kinds of goods, or collect
taxes thereon.
A list of these offices shall be drawn up and communicated to the British Govern-
ment for record.
Section 6.—Lekin on salt is hereby abolished and the amount of said lekin and of
other taxes and contributions shall be added to the salt duty, which shall be collected
. at place of production or at first station after entering the province where it is to be
- consumed.
The Chinese Government shall be at liberty to establish salt reporting offices at
which boats conveying salt which is being moved under salt passes or certificates may
be required to stop for purposes of examination and to have their certificates vised,
but at such offices no lekin or transit taxation shall be levied and no barriers or
obstructions of any kind shall be erected.
Section 7.—The.Chinese Government may re-cast the Export Tariff with specific
duties as far as practicable on a scale not exceeding five per cent, ad valorem; but
- existing export duties shall not be raised until at least six months’ notice has been
given.
In cases where existing export duties are above five per cent, they shall be
reduced to not more than that rate.
An additional special surtax of one half the export duty payable for the time
■ being, in lieu of internal taxation and lekin, may be levied at time of export on goods
exported either to foreign countries or coastwise.
In the case of silk, whether hand or filature reeled, the total export duty shall not
exceed a specific rate equivalent to not more than five per cent, od valorem. Half of
- this specific duty may be levied at the first Native Custom-house in the interior which
the silk may pass and in such case a certificate shall be given as provided for in Section
3, and will be accepted by the Custom-house concerned at place of export in lieu of
half the export duty. Cocoons passing Native Custom-houses shall be liable to no
taxation wliatever. Silk not exported but consumed in China is liable to the Con-
sumption Tax mentioned in Section 8.
Section 8.—The abolition of the lekin system in China and the abandonment of all
other kinds of internal taxation on foreign imports and on exports will diminish the
* revenue materially. The surtax on foreign imports and exports and on coastwise
- exports is intended to compensate in a measure for this loss of revenue, but there
THE BRITISH COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH CHINA 29
remains the loss of leJcin revenue on internal trade to be met, and it is therefore agreed
that the Chinese Government are at liberty to impose a Consumption Tax on articles
■of Chinese origin not intended for export.
This tax shall be levieJ only at places of consumption and not on goods while in
transit, and the Chinese Government solemnly undertake that the arrangements which
they may make for its collection shall in no way interfere with foreign goods or with
native goods for export. The fact of goods being of foreign origin shall of itself free
them from all taxation, delay, or stoppage, after having passed the Custom-house.
Foreign goods which bear a similarity to native goods shall be furnished by the
Custom-house, if required by the owner, with a protective certificate for each package,
on payment of import duty and surtax, to prevent the risk of any dispute in the
interior.
Native goods brought by junks to open ports, if intended for local consumption—
irrespective of the nationality of the owner of the goods—shall be reported at the
Native Custom-house only, where the consumption tax may be levied.
China is at liberty to fix the amount of this (consumption) tax, which may vary
according to the nature of the merchandise concerned, that is to say, according as the
articles are necessaries of life or luxuries; but it shall be levied at a uniform rate on
•goods of the same description, no matter whether carried by junk, sailing-vessel, or
•steamer. As mentioned in Section 3, the Consumption Tax is not to be levied within
foreign settlements or concessions.
Section 9.—An excise equivalent to double the import duty as laid down in the
Protocol of 1901 is to be charged on all machine-made yarn and cloth manufactured in
•China, whether by foreigners at the open ports or by Chinese anywhere in China.
A rebate of the import duty and two-thirds of the import surtax is to be given
on raw cotton imported from •foreign countries, and of all duties, including Consump-
tion Tax, paid on Chinese raw cotton used in mills in China.
Chinese machine-made yarn or cloth having paid excise is to be free of Export
Duty, Export Surtax, Coast Trade Duty, and Consumption Tax. This Excise is to be
■collected through the Imperial Maritime Customs.
The same principle and procedure are to be applied to all other products of foreign
type turned out by machinery, whether by foreigners at the open ports or by
Chinese anywhere in China.
This stipulation is not to apply to the out-turn of the Hanyang and Ta Yeh Iron
Works in Hupeh and other similar existing Government Works at present exempt from
taxation; or to that of Arsenals, Government Dockyards, or establishments of that
•nature for Government purposes which may hereafter be erected.
Section 10.—A member or members of the Imperial Maritime Customs Foreign
•Staff shall be selected by each of the Governors-General and Governors, and appointed,
in consultation with the Inspector-General of Imperial Maritime Customs, to each pro-
wince for duty in connection with Native Customs affairs, Consumption Tax, Salt and
Native Opium Taxes. These officers shall exercise an efficient supervision of the work-
ing of these departments, and in the event of their reporting any case of abuse, illegal
•exaction, obstruction to the movement of goods, or other cause of complaint, the
•Governor-General or Governor concerned will take immediate steps to put an end to
«same.
Section 11.—Cases Avhere illegalaction as described in this Article is complained of
shall be promptly investigated by an officer of the Chinese Government of sufficiently
high rank, in conjunction with a British officer and an officer of the Imperial Maritime
•Customs, each of sufficient standing; and in the event of its being found by a majority
of the investigating officers that the complaint is well founded and loss has been
incurred, due compensation is to be at once paid from the Surtax funds, through the
Imperial Maritime Customs at the nearest opeg port. The High Provincial Officials
-are to be held responsible that the officer guilty of the illegal action shall be severely
punished and removed from his post.
If the complaint turns out to be without foundation, complainant shall be held
•responsible for the expenses of the investigation.
30 THE BRITISH COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH CHINA
His Britannic Majesty’s Minister -will have the right to demand investigation
where from the evidence before him he is satisfied that illegal exactions or obstructions*
have occurred.
Section 12.—The Chinese Government agree to open to foreign trade, on the same*
footing as the places opened to foreign trade by the Treaties of Nanking and Tientsin,
the following places, namely:—
Changsha in Hunan;
Wanhsien in Szechuen;
Nganking in Anhui;
Waichow (Hui-chow) in Kwangtung; and
Kongmoon (Chiang-men) in Kwangtung.
Foreigners residing in these open ports are to observe the Municipal and Police-
Regulations on the same footing as Chinese residents, and they are not to be entitled
to establish Municipalities and Police of their own within the limits of these Treaty
Ports except with the consent of the Chinese authorities.
If this Article does not come into operation the right to demand under it the
opening of these ports, with the exception of KongmoOu, which is provided for in
Article 10, shall lapse.
Section 13.—Subject to the provisions of Section 14, the arrangements provided
for in this Article are to come into force on 1st January. 1904;
By that date all lelcin banders shall he removedand officialsemployedinthe-
collection of taxes and dues prohibited by this Article shall be removed from their
posts.
Section 14.—The condition on which the Chinese Government enter into the-
present engagement is that all Powers entitled to most favoured nation treatment in
China enter into the same engagements as Great Britain with regard' to the payment
of surtaxes and other obligations imposed by this Article on His Britannic Majesty’s
Government and subjects.
The conditions on which His Britannic Majesty’s Government enter into the-
present engagement are: —
(1.) That all Powers who are now or who may hereafter become entitled to most
favoured nation treatment in China enter into the same engagements;
(2.) And that their assent is neither directly nor indirectly made dependent on the
granting by China of any political concession, or of any exclusive commercial concession.
Section 15.—Should the Powers entitled to most favoured nation treatment by
China have failed to agree to enter into the engagements undertaken by Great Britain,
under this Article by the 1st January, 1904, then the provisions of the Article shall
only come into force when ail the Powers have signified their acceptance of these
engagements.
Section 16.—-When the abolition of lelcin and other forms of internal taxation on
goods as provided for in this Article has been decided upon and sanctioned, an Imperial
Edict shall be published in due form on yellow paper and circulated, setting forth the-
abolition of all lekin taxation, lekin barriers and all descriptions of internal taxation on.
goods, except as provided for in this Article.
The Edict shall state that the Provincial High Officials are responsible that any
official disregarding the letter or spirit of its injunction shall be severely punished and
removed from his post.
Art. IX.—The Chinese Government, recognising that it is advantageous for the
country to develop its mineral resources, and that it is desirable to attract Foreign as-
well as Chinese capital to embark in mining enterprises, agree within one year from the
signing of this Treaty to initiate and conclude the revision of the existing Mining
Regulations. China will, with all expedition and earnestness, go into the whole
question of Mining Rules and, selecting from the rules of Great Britain, India, and
other countries, regulations which seem applicable to the condition of China, she will
re cast her present Mining Rules in such a way as while promoting the interests of
THE BRITISH COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH CHINA 31
Chinese subjects and not injuring in any way the sovereign rights of China, shall offer
no impediment to the attraction of foreign capital, or place foreign capitalists at a
.greater disadvantage than they would be under generally accepted foreign regulations.
Any mining concession granted after the publication of these new Rules shall be
subject to their provisions.
Art. X. —Whereas in the year 1898 tlie Inland Waters of China were opened to all
such steam vessels, native or foreign, as might be especially registered for that tra at the Treaty Ports, and whereas the Regulations dated 28th July, 1898, and Supple-
mentary Rules dated September, 1898, have been found in some respects inconvenient
in working, it is now mutually agreed to amend them and to annex such new Rules
to this Treaty. These Rules shall remain in force until altered by mutual consent.
It is further agreed that Kongmoon shall be opened as a Treaty Port, and that, in
addition to the places named in the special Article of the Burmab Convention of 4th
February, 1897, British steamers shall be allowed to land or ship cargo and passengers,
under the same regulations as apply to the “ Ports of Call ” on the Yangtze River, at
the following “ Ports of Call”: PakTau Ilau (Pai-t‘u k‘ou),LoTingHau(Lo-ting k'ou),
and Do Sing (Tou-ch‘eng); and to land or discharge passengers at the following ten
passenger landing stages on the West River:—-Yung Ki (Jung-chi), Mali Xing (Ma-
ui-g), Kau Kong (Ckiu-chiang), Kulow (Ku-lao), Wing On (Yung-an), How Lik
(Houli), Luk Pu (Lu-pu), Yuet Sing (Yiieh-ch‘eng), Luk To (Lu-tu) and Fung Chuen
{Feng-eh‘uan).
Art. XI.—His Britannic Majesty’s Government asree to the prohibition of the
general import ition of morphia into China, on condition, however, that the Chinese
Government will allow of its importation, on payment of the Tariff import duty and
under special permit, by duly qualified British medical practitioners and for the
use of hospitals, or by British chemists and druggists who shall only be permitted
to sell it in small quantities and on receipt of a requisition signed by a duly qualified
foreign medical practitioner.
The special permits above referred to will be granted to an intending importer
on his signing a bond before a British Consul guaranteeing the fulfilment of these
conditions. Should an importer be found guilty before a British Consul of a breach
of his bond, he will not be entitled to take out another permit. Any British subject
importing morphia without a permit shall be liable to have such morphia con-
fiscated.
This Article will come into operation on all other Treaty Powers agreeing to its
conditions, but any morphia actually shipped before that date will not be affected by
this prohibition.
The Chinese Government on their side undertake to adopt measures at once to
prevent the manufacture of morphia in China.
Art. XII.—China having expressed a strong desire to reform her judicial system
and to bring it into accord with that of Western nations, Great Britain agrees to
give every assistance to such reform, and she will also be prepared to relinquish her
extra-territorial rights when she is satisfied that the state of the Chinese laws, the
arrangement for their administration and other considerations warrant her in so
•doing.
Art. XIII.—The missionary question in China being, in the opinion of the
Chinese Government, one requiring careful consideration, so that, if possible, troubles
such as have occurred in the past may be averted in the future, Great Britain agrees
to join in a Commission to investigate this question, and, if possible, to devise means
for securing permanent peace between converts and non-converts, should such a
Commission be formed by China and the Treaty Powers interested.
Art. XIV.—Whereas under Rule Y. appended to the Treaty of Tientsin of 1858.
British merchants are permitted to export rice and all other grain from one port of
China to another under the same conditions in respect of security as copper “ cash,”
it is now agreed that in cases of expected scarcity or famine from whatsoever cause in
any district, the Chinese Government shall, on giving twenty-one days’ notice, be at
liberty to prohibit the shipment of rice and other grain from such district.
THE BRITISH COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH CHINA
Should any vessel specially chartered to load rice or grain previously contracted
for have arrived at her loading port prior to or on the day when a notice of prohibition
to export comes into force, she shall be allowed an extra week in which to ship her
cargo.
If during the existence of this prohibition, any shipment of rice or grain is allowed
by the authorities, the prohibition shall, ipso facto, be considered cancelled and shall
not be re-imposed until six weeks’ notice has been given.
When a prohibition is notified, it will be stated whether the Government have any
Tribute or Army Rice which they intend to ship during the time of prohibition, and,
if so, the quantity shall be named.
Such rice shall not be included in the prohibition, and the Customs shall keep a
record of any Tribute or Army Rice so shipped or landed.
The Chinese Government undertake that no rice, other than Tribute or Army
Rice belonging to the Government, shall be shipped during the period of prohibition.
Notifications of prohibitions, and of the quantities of Army or Tribute Rice for
shipment shall be made by the Governors of the Province concerned.
Similarly, notifications of the removals of prohibitions shall be made by the same
authorities.
The export of rice and other grain to foreign countries remains prohibited.
Art. XV.—It is agreed that either of the High Contracting Parties to this Treaty
may demand a revision of the Tariff at the end of 10 years; but if no demand be made
on either side within 6 months after the end of the first 10 years, then the Tariff shall
remain in force for 10 years more, reckoned from the end of the preceding. 10 years,
and so it shall be at the end of each successive 10 years.
Any Tariff concession which China may hereafter accord to articles of the produce
or manufacture of any other State shall immediately be extended to similar articles
of the produce or manufacture of His Britannic Majesty’s Dominions by whomsoever
imported.
Treaties already existing between the United Kingdom and China shall continue
in force in so far as they are not abrogated or modified by stipulations of the present
Treaty.
Art. XVI.—The English and Chinese Texts of the present Treaty have been care-
fully compared, but in the event of there being any difference of meaning between
them, the sense as expressed in the English text shall be held to be the correct sense.
The ratifications of this Treaty, under the hand of His Majesty the King of
Great Britain and Ireland and of His Majesty the Emperor of China respectively shall
be exchanged at Peking within a year from this day of signature.
In token whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed this
Treaty, two copies in English and two in Chinese.
Done at Shanghai this fifth day of September in the year of Our Lord, 1902,
corresponding with the Chinese date, the fourth day of the eighth moon of the twenty-
eighth year of Kwang Hsu.
[L.S.] Jas. L. Mackay.
Annex A.—(1)
(Translation)
Lit, President of the Board of Works ;
Sheng, Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent, Vice-President of the Board of
Works ;
Imperial Chinese Commissioners for dealing with questions connected with the
Commercial Treaties, to
Sir James Mackay, His Britannic Majesty’s Special Commissioner for the dis-
cussion of Treaty matters.
THE BRITISH COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH CHINA 33-
Shanghai: K. H. XXVIII., 7th moon, 11th day
(Received August 15, 1902j
We have the honour to inform you that we have received the following telegram
from His Excellency Liu, Governor General of the Liang Chiang, on the subject of
Clause II. mutually agreed upon by us:
As regards this clause, it is necessary to insert therein a clear stipulation, to the
“ effect that, no matter what changes may take place in the future, all Customs’ duties-
“ must continue to be calculated on the basis of the existing higher rate of the Haikwan
“ Tael over the Treasury Tael, and that 1 the touch ’ and weight of the former must be
“ made good.”
As we have already arranged with you that a declaration of this kind should be
embodied in an Official Note, and form an annex to the present Treaty, for purposes of
record, we hereby do ourselves the honour to make this communication.
Annex A—(2)
Gentlemen, Shanghai, August 18th, 1902.
I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch of the 14th instant
forwarding copy of a telegram from His Excellency Liu, Governor-General of the
Liang Chiang, on the subject of Article II. of the new Treaty, and in reply I have the
honour to state that His Excellency’s understanding of the Article is perfectly correct.
I presume the Chinese Government will make arrangements for the coinage of a,
national silver coin of such weight and touch as may be decided upon by them.
These coins will be made available to the public jn return for a quantity of silver
bullion of equivalent weight and fineness plus the usual mintage charge.
The coins which will become the national coinage of China will be declared by
the Chinese Government to be legal tender in payment of Customs duty and in
discharge of obligations contracted in Haikwan taels, but only at their proportionate
value to the Haikwan tael, whatever that may be.
I have the honour to be,
Gentlemen,
Your obedient Servant,
Their Excellencies (Signed) Jas. L. Mackay.
Lu Hai-huan and Sheng Hstjan-huai,
etc., etc., etc.
Annex B—(1)
(Translation)
Lu, President of the Board of Works ;
Sheng, Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent, Vice-President ol the Board of
Works ;
Imperial Chinese Commissioners for dealing with questions connected with the
Commercial Treaties, to
Sir James L. Mackay, His Britannic Majesty’s Special Commissioner.
Shanghai, September 2nd, 1902.
We have the honour to inform you that on the 22nd of August, we, in conjunction
with the Governors-General of the Liang Chiang and the Hu-kuang Provinces, Their
Excellencies Liu and Chang, addressed the following telegraphic Memorial to the
Throne:—
“ Of the revenue of the different Provinces derived from lelcin of all kinds, a
“ portion is appropriated for the service of the foreign loans, a portion for the Peking
“ Government, and the balance is reserved for the local expenditure of the Provinces
“ concerned.
34 THE BRITISH COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH CHINA
“ In the negotiations now being conducted with Great Britain for the amendment
“ of the Commercial Treaties, a mutual arrangement has been come to providinsr for
“the imposition of additional taxes, in compensation for the abolition of all kinds of
“lekin and other imposts on goods, prohibited by Article VIII. After payment of
“ interest and sinking fund on the existing foreign loan, to the extent to which lekin
“ is thereto pledged, these additional taxes shall be allocated to the various Provinces
“ to make up deficiencies and replace revenue, in order that no hardships may be
“entailed on them. With a view to preserving the original intention underlying the
“ proposal to increase the duties in compensation for the loss of revenue derived from
“ lekin and other imposts on goods, it is further stipulated that the surtaxes shall not
“ be appropriated for other purposes, shall not form part of the Imperial Maritime
“Customs revenue proper, and shall in no case be pledged as security for any new
“ foreign loan.
“ It is therefore necessary to memorialize for the issue of an Edict, giving effect
“ to the above stipulations and directing the Board of Revenue to find out what
“proportion of the provincial revenues derived from lekin of all kinds, now about
“ to be abolished, each Province has hitherto had to remit, and what proportion it
“ has been entitled to retain, so that, when the Article comes into operation, due
“ apportionment may be made accordingly, thus providing the Provinces with funds
“available for local expenditure and displaying equitable and just treatment towards
“all.”
On the 1st instant an Imperial Decree “ Let action, as requested, be taken,”
was issued, and we now do ourselves the honour reverently to transcribe the same
for your information.
Annex B—(2)
Shanghai, September 5th, 1902.
Gentlemen,
I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch of the 2nd instant
forwarding the text of the Memorial and Decree dealing with the disposal of the
surtaxes.
I understand that the surtaxes in addition to not being pledged for any new
foreign loan are not to be pledged to, or held to be security for, liabilities already
contracted by China except in so far as lekin revenue has already been pledged to an
existing loan.
I also understand from the Memorial that the whole of the surtaxes provided by
Article VIII. of the New Treaty goes to the Provinces in proportions to be agreed
upon between them and the Board of Revenue, but that out of these surtaxes each
Province is obliged to remit to Peking the same contribution as that which it has
hitherto remitted out of its lekin collections, and that the Provinces also provide as
hitherto out of these surtaxes whatever funds may be necessary for the service of the
foreign loan to which lekin is partly pledged.
I hope Your Excellencies will send me a reply to this despatch and that you will
agree to this correspondence forming part of the Treaty as an Annex.
I have the honour to be,
Gentlemen,
Your obedient servant,
(Signed) Jas. L. Mackat.
Their Excellencies,
Lu Hai-huan and Sheng Hsuan-htjai,
etc., etc., etc.
THE BRITISH COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH CHINA 3a.
Annex B—(3)
(Translation)
Ltj, President of tlie Board of Works;
Sheng, Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent, Vice-President of the Board of
Works;
Imperial Chinese Commissioners for dealing with questions connected with the
Commercial Treaties, to
Sir James L. Mackay, His Britannic Majesty’s Special Commissioner.
Shanghai, September 5th, 1902.
We have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your communication of to-day’s
date with regard to the allocation of the surtax funds allotted to the Provinces, and to
inform you that the views therein expressed are the same as our own.
We would, however, wish to point out that, were the whole amount -of the alloca-
tion due paid over to the Provinces, unnecessary expense would be incurred in the
- retransmission by them of such portions thereof as would have to be remitted to
Peking in place of the contributions hitherto payable out of lekin revenue. The
amount, therefore, of the allocation due to the Provinces, arranged between them and
the Board of Revenue, will be retained in the hands of the Maritime Customs, who
will await the instructions of the Provinces in regard to the remittance of such
; portion thereof as may be necessary to fulfil their obligations, and (on receipt of
i these instructions) will send forward the amount direct. The balance will be held
to the order of the Provinces.
In so far as lekin is pledged to the service of the 1898 loan, a similar method of
procedure will be adopted.
As you request that this correspondence be annexed to the Treaty, we have the
| honour to state that we see no objection to this being done.
Annex C
INLAND WATERS STEAM NAVIGATION
Additional Rules
1. —British steamship owners are at liberty to lease warehouses and
banks of waterways from Chinese subjects for a term not exceeding 25 years, with
option of renewal on terms to be mutually arranged. In cases where British mer-
chants are unable to secure warehouses and jetties from Chinese subjects on satis-
factory terms, the local officials, after consultation with the Minister of Commerce,
shall arrange to provide these on renewable lease as above mentioned at current
equitable rates.
2. —Jetties shall only be erected in such positions that they will no
inland waterway or interfere with navigation, and with the sanction of the nearest
' Commissioner of Customs ; such sanction, however, shall not be arbitrarily withheld,
if 3.—British merchants shall pay taxes and contributions on these warehouses and
I jetties on the same footing as Chinese proprietors of similar properties in the neigh-
jf bourhqod. British merchants may only employ Chinese agents and staff to reside in
warehouses so leased at places touched at by steamers engaged in inland traffic to
carry on their business ; but British merchants may visit these places from time to
time to look after their affairs. The existing rights of Chinese jurisdiction over
| Chinese subjects shall not by reason of this clause be diminished or interfered with
in any way.
4.—Steam vessels navigating the inland waterways of China shall be responsible
for loss caused to riparian proprietors by damage which they may do to the banks
2*
36 THE BRITISH COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH CHINA
or works on them and for the loss which may be caused by such damage. In the
event of China desiring to prohibit the use of some particular shallow waterway by
launches, because there is reason to fear that the use of it by them would be likely
to injure the banks and cause damage to the adjoining country, the British
authorities, when appealed to, shall, if satisfied of the validity of the objection,
prohibit the use of that waterway by British launches, provided that Chinese
launches are also prohibited from using it.
Both Foreign and Chinese launches are prohibited from crossing dams and weirs
at present in existence on inland waterways where they are likely to cause injury to
such works, which would be detrimental to the water service of the local people.
5. —The main object of the British Government in desiring
waterways of China opened to steam navigation being to afford facilities for the rapid
transport of both foreign and native merchandise, they undertake to offer no impedi-
ment to the transfer to a Chinese company and the Chinese flag of any British
steamer which may now or hereafter be employed on the inland waters of China
should the owner be willing to make the transfer.
In event of a Chinese company registered under Chinese law being formed to run
steamers on the inland waters of China the fact of British subjects holding shares in
such a company shall not entitle the steamers to fly the British flag.
6. —Begistered steamers and their tows are forbidden, just as
been forbidden, to carry contraband goods. Infraction of this rule will entail the
penalties prescribed in the Treaties for such an offence, and cancellation of the Inland
Waters Navigation Certificate carried by the vessels, which will be prohibited from
thereafter plying on inland waters.
7. —As it is desirable that the people living inland should be
as possible by the advent of steam vessels to which they are not accustomed, inland
waters not hitherto frequented by steamers shall be opened as gradually as may be
convenient to merchants and only as the owners of steamers may see prospects of
remunerative trade.
In cases where it is intended to run steam vessels on waterways on which such
vessels have not hitherto run, intimation shall be made to the Commissioner of
Customs at the nearest open port who shall report the matter to the Ministers of
Commerce. The latter, in conjunction with the Governor-General or Governor of
the Province, after careful consideration of all the circumstances of the case, shall at
once give their approval.
8. —A registered steamer may ply within the waters of a port,
port or ports to another open port or ports, or from one open port or ports of
places inland, and thence back to such port or ports. She may, on making due
report to the Customs, land or ship passengers or cargo at any recognised places of
trade passed in the course of the voyage; but may not ply between inland places
exclusively except with the consent of the Chinese Government.
9. —Any cargo and passenger boats may be towed by steamers
and crew of any boat towed shall be Chinese. All boats, irrespective of ownership,
must be registered before they can proceed inland.
10. —These Buies are supplementary to the Inland Steam Nav
of July and September, 1898. The latter, where untouched by the present Buies,
remain in full force and effect; but the present Buies hold in the case of such of the
former Begulations as the present Buies affect. The present Buies, and the
Begulations of July and September, 1898, to which they are supplementary, are
provisional and may be modified, as circumstances require, by mutual consent.
Done at Shanghai this fifth day of September, in the year of Our Lord, 1902,
corresponding with the Chinese date, the fourth day of the eighth moon of the
twenty-eighth year of Kwang Hsu.
[li.S.] Jas. L. Mackat.
REVISED IMPORT TARIPP POR THE TRADE
OP CHINA, 1922
(Superseding the Tariff arranged in 1919)
Note.—If any of the articles enumerated in this Tariff are imported in dimensions
as•exceeding
defined.those specified, the Duty is to be calculated in proportion to the measurements
Where theinspecific
orwholesale
is regulated rate of byDutytheonvalue,
any manner imports enumerated in this
basedTariffon depends upon
market value of the goods less the the
DutyDuty
and shall
7 perbecent. the domestic
Namb or Abticle. Name or Aeticlb.
CottonGoods. and Cotton Per Imitation
ton ClothNative (includingCot- Per
Cotton Piece Goods, Grey. Machine-made
not b Grey,
Shirtings and Sheet-40 i & withovernot24more ins. wide
than !
ings, 115 threads perorsq.Flan-
in. ; Picul
byGrey,
ins.a. Weight not over
41 yds:— 7 Ife. and ;i Piece 0.14
Cotton
nelette, Flannel,
of Plain or;
Twill Weave, Grey:—
b. „ under overover
not 7 lb. but lb. j!j ,> 0.21
«. Not by 3132Jydsins. but not|:I Piece
over 32f ins.
c. „ not 9 lb.119but
overover lb. 0.28 b. Over
over40ins.by31yds. ! „
0.27
Shirtings
ings, Grey, andnotSheet- over j1 » Cotton Piece(irrespective
Goods, White \
0.38
40withins.more
by 41 thanyds. and or Dyed
threads per sq. in.: 110|ji Shirtings
offinish).
and Sheetings, J
a. Weight White, Plain:—
buth over
not 11overlb. I a. Not
42 yds41 ins.37 wide...
over ins. by|!
b. „ 12but overlbnot121over lb. Whiteb. OverIrishes, not over Value 50.33%
151 lb 37 ins.andby Jeans,
Drills 42 yds White Piece
c. „ over
Shirtings 151Sheet-
lb.... (3overor314 shaft only), not
ings, Grey,41andnotyds.over and40or Drills ins.by 32White
yds...
ins. by
withper110sq. threads
less in.:— (3 or31and
over 4 shaft
ins.
Jeans,
byonly),
42 not
yds...
a. Weight T-Cloths, White, and
butover
15* lbnot
11overlb. Mexicans:—
a. Not over 32 ins. by
b.
Drills „ over
(3 or 314andshaft
Jeans,151
only),
lb....
Grey
not b. N25overt yds
over25 32yds,
ins. and
but
0.17
over
Drills and ins. by
Jeans, 31 yds.
Grey Dimities,not over
Piques,41 yds...
Vest- 0.28
(3 or314 shaft
over ins. by12Jonly), not
41lb.yds.: ings,
ford Quiltings
Cords, White,& Bed-
not
a. Weight under and over
Cambrics, 30 ins. by
Lawns, 30Mus-
yds.
b. „ Grey,
T-Cloths, over 12fnotlb....
over lins,
and Nainsooks, White,
Jaconets, Mulls
34a.Weight
ins. by 257 lb.yds.&lb.under... Plain,
ins. by notydsover '"
12
b.
T-Cloths, „ over 7
Grey, overover 3437 Cambrics,
lins Lawns,White,
& Lappets, M
ins.
ins. bybut25 notyds ins. by 12 yds 46 | Value
Figured, not over
5%
38 REVISED IMPORT TARIFF
JfAMB OK ASTICLB. Name of Article.
Cambrics, Lawns, Mus- 27 Cotton Crape (not in- j Per
lins, Mulls, Jaconets, eluding
Crapes),Grey. Oatmeal
Bleached,
Victoria
Checks & Checks,
Lappets, Swiss
Dyed, Dyed,Printed, or Yarn-
Plain dyed:—
over 46orins.Figured,
Cambrics, Lawns,by 12 Mus- not
yds. a.b. Not
Over I5in. butwide
over 15ins. not Value 5%
lins,
Victoria Mull' s , Jaconets,
Checks, Swiss Eastings, over 30Satteens,
ins. wide...
Ita- Yard 0.008.
Checks,
brics, Lappets,
Brocades Lim-
(single lians,
faced) Imitation
Venetians, (Weft-
Bea- |
Yarns
Dyed, only). White
Plain or Figured, or trice Twills,
TwilIs.DiagonalTwills, Tientsin j
&Spotted,
Shirtings, Corded Striped,& Herringbone
Serges, Ribs, Cords !j| Twills,
Figured:— (notincludingPoplins),
Repps,
a. Not
31 ydsover
Z>. Over
30 ins. by
30 37ins.ins.but White orandDyed,
orins.Figured,
Moreens,
not overPlain33 Ij|
not over
42White
yds or Dyed, by 0.40 Satteen by 33 yds shaft), j!j
Drills (5Satteens
Lenos,
not over 3 lin, by White 30 yd. 0.17 Warpfaced
(not excluding 5 shaft), |
Leno
or DyedBrocades, 5% and
White Satteen
or Dyed,Stripes,
Shirtings,
Pongees, Sheetings
Dyed,30 Plain: * orFigured,not
ins. by 33 yds overPlain33 |j
a. Not over
33 yds ins. by 0.22 Poplins
plin (including and
Taffetas), Po- {|
Z>. Not
overover33 3043yds.ins. but Venetians,
Dyed, Plain, White
not overor
not over yds.... 0.28 33 ins. (including
by 33 yds Po-
c. Not over 36
21 ydsover 36 ins. ins. by 0.17 Poplins
plin Taffetas)
d: Notand Venetians, White and notor
e. Not notoverover
butover 21 yds.
36yds.ins.33yds.
and
0.27 Dyed,
over
Cotton 33 Figured,
ins.
Flannel, by 33Flan-
or yds.
over
not 33
over 43 yds but 0.35 nelette,
Twill of Plain or
Weave:—
Drills
shaft 1' Jeans
onlyover (3
),Dyed,Plain: or 4 1. White,ed, or Dyed, Print-
Yarn-dyed
«. Not
by 33 yds 31 ins.jj 0.28 (not including
plex or Du-
Reversible
b. Not
over over
3343yds.31 ins.
butand not|ji Prints):
over yds 0.36 a. Not15 ydsover 25 ins. by 0.11
Dyed
bossed T-Cloths,
Cantoons, Em-!
Alpa-1 b. Over 25in. bybut15 not 0.1S
cianos.Turkey
Real and Imita- over 30in. yd.
tion Reds, not jIj c. Over
over 25in. bybut31 not
30in. yd. 0.28
a. Weight 3J lb. and d. Over 30in.bybut15 not 0.16
under over 36in.
e. Over 30 in. but yd,
not
b. „ not overover 3Jib.but 0.35
c. „ over 5J lb.5J lb.... fIj 2. Duplex
over 36in. by 31 yd.
or Rever-
Mercerised Crimps, sible
over 30Prints
ins. widenot..
White,
ed, PlainDyed,or orFigured,Print- | Cotton Spanish Stripes,
not over 32in. by 32yd. Dyed:—
a. Not
OatmealDyed,notCrapes,
orgured. Plain White
or Fi- 20
b. Over ydsover 32 ins. by 0.1T
by 33 yds over 33 ins. over 64in. bybut20not
32in. yd. 0.35
REVISED IMPORT TARIFF
Cotton Velvets &Plain,
Vel- edVenetians,
Damasks, Printed
Printed
veteens,
not over Dyed,
26 ins. wide... Yard Bastings, Printed
Cotton Beatrice Twills, Print-
veteens,Velvets and Vel-
Printed, Fi- edPoplins,Cords,and Printed
Printed32
gured,
Velvet or Embossed,
and Velveteen Moreens, not over
Cords, Moleskins,
Corduroys, Fus- ins. by 30 yds
Printed
tians,
Plushes and Value See 32. or Flannelette.
Duplex Reversible
Canvas, Cotton (includ-
for30 Jjj Prints
ing
Sails, Cotton
etc., Duck),
not over Weavenotandofover
only, oneShirting
32colour
ins.
ins. wide or Knitted Yard
Stockinette by 30 yds
Tissue:— Printed Velvets
a,b. Not Raised.Value Raised 53.50% PiculVelveteens.
Printed See 35,Cre-
Domestic
tonnes,
teen Printed
Cretonnes, PrintedSat-
Repp
edPrinted Cretonnes,
Embossed Print-
Printed
edMuslins, Cambrics,Print-
Lawns, Art Figures,
Muslins
PrintedPrinted
ings,PrintedSheetings, Shirt- and
Printed Casement
Cotton Cloth,
Coat-
Printed P-Cloths (in- ings, Trouserings,
Gabardines, and and
all
I eluding
asPrintedBluethose known
andT-Cloths),
White other Duplex orexceptRe-
versible
those Prints
PrintedPrinted
Jeans, Drills,Diagon-
Printed Classes 38 and 43See46.in
enumerated
PrintedBlankets.
5%
alnes,T wills. TwillSilesias,
Printed Creton- Printed Handkerchiefs.
Printed Repps (not SeeThe49.term “ Printed ”
inch Repp Cretonnes):
a. Rot over 20 ins. inPigmentthis Tariff includes
Style, Direct
b. wide
Overover20 46ins.ins.but
not by
Printing
Style, Discharge Style, Steam Style,
Madder or Dyed ResistStyle,
c. 12notyds20 ins. but
Over over 32 ins. by
Resist
Pad Style,
Style, Metal Style,
and
of The soforth,irrespeetive
finish.
d. notOverover32 42ins.ins.but term “Duplex
30 yds Mercerised by Reversible
this Tariff Print” allinor I
includes
Printed See 25.Crapes j||
Crimps.Oatmeal Printed Cottons pattern
having I
Printed (a) a different
printed on each sidesameof ]
and Oatmeal
Cretonnes, not over Crape32 ’ the cloth, (b) the
ins. by 30 yds design
the on bothwhether
cloth, sides of
Printed
See 27. Cotton Crape. printed with one or
Printed Turkey Reds, more rollers.
Real
over and
31 Imitation,
ins. by 25 not
yds. Cotton Piece Goods,
Printed Lenos, not over Yarn-dyed.
31 ins. bySatteens
30 yds and Cotton
Cotton Crape. See 27. or
Flannel,
Printed
Satinets, (including Printed Flannelette. See37.32.
Brocades Stockinette.
Handerkchiefs, See
Printed Fancy
Stripes Italians,Print-
or Checks),Woven 1 Embroidered
itialled. See 49. ndrneither
In-
Printed
40 REVISED IMPORT TARIFF
Namb of Akticlb.
I Per Uk. c. but Over25
j Cotton PieceenumeratedGoods not [I TZs. notins.oversquare29
I! otherwise
(see also 582) Value j 5 % d. ins.Oversquare
square 29but ins.not
Cotton,
Thread, Raw,
Cotton Cotton
Tarn, I over 34
KnittedClothing,Raisedins. square.
and ofManufactures (including
edwithwithSilk that
Thread stitch-
Ankle-bands,
Cotton.
Plain or j other facings
material) of Silkandori
Decorated
Bags, (see also 517)|j
NewPlain.Printed, Mosquito
overCotton90 ins.Netting,
by 50 yds. not i
Blankets,
orthose
Jacquard (including i Raw
Singlets or Drawers, not
whipped wiihedgea oftaped
Silkandoror || Raised
stitched(including with those
Silk
other
Blanket material),
Cloth [ Thread
ings of and
Silk with
or fac-
other
Canvas.
Crape. See27.36,
See material)
•Socks and Stockings 5%
Counterpanes
Quilts, Honey-comb andor jj 1. either
Not side:Raised :—on
Alhambra:—
a. long
Not over 2J yds. a. gassed
Made orof Un- Un- j
h. long
Over 2£ yds.jj b. mercerised
Made of
or Mercerised
Thread!
Gassed :j
Embroidered
Insertion, Machine-[ Edging or i Thread
or Silk embroidered}|j
or stitched
made with
Flannelette.
Handkerchiefs, See 32.
neither | 3. Others See 37. |j Value
2. Raised 58.10
%
Embroidered
itialled:— nor In- j Stockinette.
Towels, Turkish j Picul
1. ed,White,or Dyed, Print-
yarn-dyed. Thread,
(irrespectiveDyed orofUndyed
finish):on [
Hemmed, but
with a drawn thread not 1. Sewing Cotton,
a. square
Not over 13 ins. a. spools
2-cord orandcops:3-cord,
0.C49-
b. but
Over not13..h 3. square 0.017 b. 6-cord, or50less.
50 yds. yds. or 0.094
ins. square c. proportion.
Other lengths in
c. but Overnot 18 ins.oversquare30 0.028 CrochetCotton, or Em-in
ins. square broidery
skeins orHk.balls:
2. ed,White, Dyed, Print- 0.043 a. Over
or yarn-dyed,hem:
drawn-thread with b. inNotvalue
over perTls.
Hk.
20i>
picul
Tls.
a. square
Not over 13 in?, 200 in value per
picul
b. but Overnot 13 ins.over
square18 0 028 Cotton
Yarn :—Waste
c. ins.Over
but
square
i
not 8 ins. square
over 30
0.06 1. ofGrey
a. fold):(irrespective
Counts
ins, square
3.a.Printed Unhemmed: 0.073 includingupabove
b. Counts 17to and17 2.00
Not over 13 ins. and up to
23and in-23
b. square
Over 18
but square ins.
not over 25 square 0.016 c. cluding above
Counts
and up to35and in-
2.20
ins. 0.051 cluding 3.00
REVISED IMPORT TARIFF 41
No. Kame of Abticle. TaeiffDuty. Unit and Article. TaeiffDuty. Unit and
d. Counts above 35 Per j| tons.Vicunas, Vicunas, UnionPrinted
and Per Tls. Hk.
and
cludingup to45and in- Picul 3.40 PonchoStriped Cloths, Bea-
e.2. Counts above 45 ... Value 5 % i vers,
[i Cloths,
Army Cloths, Beavers,
Leather
Dyed, Mercerised,
Gassed, Bleached, and orPresidents,
ij containing
taining a small notquanti-
con-
Cotton
not &
otherwiseCotton Goods
enumer- tyfacingof new Wool for
ated (see also 582) purposes, not
1| over 58 ins. wide
Hemp, Linen, Silk,
and Woollen Goods. 77 Italian Figured,Cloth, PlainLus-or Yard 0.057
Alpacas,
Flax, Hemp, Goods. and Jute tres,
j Sicilians Orleans, and
69 Canvas and Tarpaulin Value 5 %
offorHemp and/or Jute, 7879 Wool,Wool and Woollen
Sheep’s Goods.
Sails, Awnings, and Picul 52.80%
similar purposes. Proof-
edoveror24Unproofed, not 80 BlanketsBunting, andover
not Rugs18 ins. Value
by 40 ydsnot over 31 Piece 0.34
60 Canvas ins. wide
Linen Yard 0.016 81 Camlets,
(Elastic), Value
for Tailoring 5 % ins. by 62notyds over 33 1.70
■61 Gunny
„ Bags,
„ New
Old Picul 0.41 Flannel,
ins. wide Yard 0.049
63 Hemp „ 0,25 Bastings, Plain, Figur-
64 New oror Hessian
Hemp Hessian
Bags,
Bags, „ 0.67 ed, or Creped,
31 ins. by 32 ydsnot over Piece 1.00
Old Cloth Value 84 Llama Braid not over 31 Picul 14.10
6566 Hessian Picul 50.63% 85 Long ins. byElls,25Stripes,
yds
Jute, Raw
Silk Goods and Silk
„ 0.22 86 Spanish
over 64 ins. wide Mel-not Piece 0,63
Mixtures. 87 Vicunas, Beavers, Yard 0.079
Silk
Silk), Piece
Plain, Goods (all
Figured, tons, Broadcloth and
or Brocaded Superfine, Medium and
Silk Plushes and Silk Value 5 % Habit
60Wins.oollen Cloth,
wideandW not over
Yard 0,15
Velvets,
Silk Pure
Seal, with Cotton „ Catty 0.82 88 All
Yarn and Cord orsted
(in-
70 back
Silk Mixture(i.e.,Plushes 0.27 cluding Berlin W ool)... Picul 8.40
and Velvets made 8990 Aluminium Metals. Value 5 %
ofother Silk mixed
fibrousback) with
material, „ „ Sheets
71
withandCotton
Silk Cotton Satins, 9291 Antifriction
Antimony Regulus Metals and
Picul 0.70
White or Dyed in the „ and Yellow Refined
Ore Metal: Value 5 %
o.b. Figured
Plain 0.16 Brass
72 Silk anddyedCotton Satins, 0.26 9496 Bars Bolts, Rods Rivets, Picul 1.30
andNuts,
Tarn 0.32 Washers,
sories and Acces- Value 5 %
73 Silk
tures andnotCotton Mix-
otherwise Ingots (including Old
enumerated 5% Brass remelted)'
Metal or Old Yellow Picul 1.30
74 Silk
and Ribbons,
Mixtures all Silk 9798 Nails 1.90
Wool and Cotton Unions. Oldfor orremanufacture)
Scrap (fit only... Value
76 Union Shirtings, not 5 %
76 over 33made
Cloth ins. ofwideremanu- Yard 0.024 10099 Screws Picul 2.40
1.80
factured 101 Tubes
Cotton, Printed suchWoolas Mel-
and 102 Wire 1.30
tons, Mel- 103 Copper:— Bars and Rods 1.70
42 REVISED IMPORT TARIFF
No. Name of Article. j Tariff Unit and No.' | Nam* of Article \ Tarit^
Per m. ' Per
104
105
Bolts,
and Washers
Ingots
Nuts, Rivets, Value
and Slabs (in- 6Tls.% 128 I!I Rails
Sleepers,
Spikes,
(including
Bolts,
Steel ||
Fish-plates,
and j
cluding
remelted)Old - upper I Picul Nuts
Rails)for use with thei; Picul
106 Nails
Old or Scrap (fit only 129 Rivets
130 Screws. | Value „
107 for remanufacture) i Value 5 % 131 ; Sheets and Plates, i in.
108
109 Sheets and Plates Value
Tacks Picul 52.00% 132 i Sheets thick and or morePlates under;: Picul
110 Tubes
Wire Picul 1.50 133 -J in. thick
Spikes .. ,. I
111
112
113 ,,„ Cable
Rope Value 5 % 134 ! Tacks Tinned Plates, Decorat-; | Value
Picul j
Ironvanized
and Steel, Ungal-
(not Spring,
includ- 136 ed Plates, Plain...| „„ I
ing
.Anvils,
and ToolBamboo, Steel) 137 jI Tinned
138 ,,,, Plates,
Tacks Old ...jj Picul Value ;
114 Anchors Swage-blocks,
and Parts of. 139
140 I| Wire „ Rope, New,or Gal-| „
Shaftings and For- vanized Un- i
gings, everyeachcaseweighing
inor over 25 lb. Picul 1.30 orgalvanized
core' without fwith
fibre;j
115
116 Bolts,
Castings, Nuts &
Rough Washers Value 5
Picul 0.93% 141 Wire
vanized Rope, Old, Gal-
or orUngal-
117
118 Chains,
Chains, New
Used & Parts of Value 5 % vanized
outToolfibreandt with
core)Spring:—!|1 Value
with-
119 Cobbles,
Defective WireWire,Shorts, Bar 142 Steel,
Bamboo
Croppings
Ends, Used and and
Hoops Bar 143
144 SpringSteel
Tool Steel(including| Value
Steel Picul
Hoop Galvanized
tings, Ends or Cut-or High-speed
Ironvanized:—
and Steel, Steel)Gal-...
Ungalvanized
cluding scrap lots (in-of Bolts, Nuts, Rivets and
mixed dimensions ir- Picul Washers
Pipes, Tubes, and Tube
120 respective
Crossings of size). ...
for Railways Value 6 % 0.15 Fittings
121
122 Hoops
Old Scrap (fit only Picul 0.24
orremanufacture), Screws
for Sheets,
Plain Corrugated and Picul
not otherwise
merated Bars, Twisted enu-
: Wire
Wirewithout Rope (withcore)or
128 0.10
Nail-rod,
orTees,Deformed
Channels, Bars, „ (see 140(see&fibre
Shorts 141)
119)
Angles,
and otherJ oists,Girders,
Structural 160 Iron Lead:— and Tin Dross
Sections
(including orhalfShapes 151 Old (fit only for re- Value
Rods
wide overin$oval
inandcoilRods in.
coil 152 manufacture)
Pigs or Bars Picul
over 153 Pipe
124 T\iti. in diameter) 0.23 154 Sheet Value
125 Nails, Wire and Cut... 0.32 155 Wire
126 Pig andTubes,
Pipes, Kentledgeand Pipe...... 0.11 156 Manganese Ferro- Picul
and Tube Fittings Value 157 Nickel
158
127 Plate
ing Cuttings
scrap lots (includ-
of mix- 159 Tin:—Quicksilver
ed dimensions, irres- 160 Compound VPicul
alue
pective
croppings ofof size,
Channels, and 161
162 Type Ingots
Pipe Metal and Slabs Value
Tees and Angles) Picul 0.13 163
REVISED IMPORT TARIFF 43
Name op Article.
White
Silver:—Metal, or German Beef, Corned or Pickled, Value
Bars,Ingots, and Sheets in barrels
199 Birds’ Nests Refuse)
Black
Wire
Zinc 200 (inch
Birds’ Clarified
ButterNests, White....'I... !\ Catty 0.21
Powder
Sheets
forated),
and SpelterPer-...
(including 201 Canned Goods:— j f1.00
3.20
Boiler Plates and Plates, 202
203 J Cream
Asparagus
Awabi & Milk, Eva- |}-| I (Incldg.
Picul I 1,10
Food, weight ^‘ 1 50
tableDrink Medicines.& Vege-
| Fruits,
poratedTable
orSterilised
Fishery and Sea Products. 205
206 Milk, Condensed & Pie...Jjj 0.85
|11.50
0.88
207 Canned enumerated Goods, Un-
Bieho de Mar,Spiked Black,... 208 Chocolate
„ Black, not... 209
210 Cocoa
Coffee and Raisins
Spiked 2.50 211
172
173 Cockles, „ Dried White ... 1.00
0.96 212 Currants
Fruits,
Glass, etcPreserved, in
1.50
174 „ Fresh 0.06 213 Honey 5%
175 Compoy 2.60 Jams
176
177 Crabs’ Flesh, Dried 51.20%
214
215 Lard, and Jellies
in bulk
178 Fish„ Bones
Cod,
ing Dried (includ- 216 Macaroni
in bulk & Vermicelli, 0.87
CuttleBoneless)
„„ Dried&Smoked(not
217 Margarine
products &madesimilarof <( 11.70
Vegetable . M. di . - J *
inchCuttle-fish)
Dried Codfish II 0.8
0.5 218 Meats, DriedFatsand ...Salted( packing)
Value 5 %
„„ &Fresh
Herring,1stSalt
219
220 Pork Rind
Sausages, Dry
„ Maws, Quality1 221
222 TeaSoy 0.50
(i.e.,orweighing 5%
cat.
„ Maws, over
2nd p.Quality
piece) Cereals, Fruits,
Substances, Medicinal
Seeds, Spices
(i.e., weighing un- and Vegetables.
„„ derSalmon1 cat.Bellies
p. piece) ... 54.90
% 223 Aniseed,
a. 1st Star:—
Salt,
enumeratednot otherwise Hk.Quality—value
per Tls.
picul15 and over
„ Skin Oysters, and
Mussels, b. 2nd Quality-
Clams, Dried value15 per piculHT;....
Tls.Fresh under 0.50
Prawns
Dried, inand bulkShrimps, Apples,
Seaweed, Cut 1.9
0.30
224
225 Asafoetida
226 Barley, Pearl 50.50
%
„„ Long Prepared 0.19 Beans and Peas ..
Sharks’ „Fins, 51.50% 229 Betelnut
Betelnuts,Husk,
DriedDried..
0.26
0.31
а. Value notnotprepared.
„ Hk.
over :— 12,50 230
231 Bran
Camphor (Laurus Cam- 0.08
Tls. 30 per picul... phor a), Crude or Re-
б. Value
30Tie.but140over Hk. Hk.
Tls. fined
CCamphor,(incldg.
amphor, Baroos, Shaped)
notperover
picul... fuse CutcheryBaroos,Clean Re- | Value Catty
5%
c. Value over
140 per picul h k. Tls. 234 Capoor
Animal Cardamom Husk I Picul : 0J6
GoodsProducts,
and Groceries. Canned Cardamoms,
Cardamoms, Inferior
Superior... ... „ j 15.50 1,50
Bacon
Baking Powder bulk
& Hams, in Cassia Lignea
2.80
5% 239 Cassia Twigs and Buds 1 „„ I 1.20 0.19
44 REVISED IMPORT TARIFF
No. Namk Articlr. TariffDuty.
Unit and No. Articlk.
Hlc.
Per Tls. 259 Malt
240 Cereals
cluding and FlourMaize,
Barley, (in- 260 Morphia in all forms ...
Millet,
Rice, Oats. Faddy,
Wheat, and 262 Mushrooms
261
263 Nutmegs
Flour Buckwheat
also made therefrom; and 264 Olives
Opium,
Oranges, '1 Fresh
incture of
Buckwheat Flour, Peel, Orange,
Cornflour and Yellow
Corn Meal, Rye- Flour, 267 Pepper,
Pepper, White Black in bulk...
and Hovis Flour;
not including Arrow-but Potatoes, Fresh
root and Arrowroot l'7o Putchuck
271 Seed, Apricot
Flour,
Grermea,Cracked
Hominy,Wheat, 272 Seed, Lily Flower—i.e
Barley, Potato Pearl
Flour, Lotus-nuts
Husks without,
Quaker
Oats, Oats,
Sago & Sago Rolled 273 Seed, Lucraban
Flour.ShreddedWheat, 274 Seed, Melon Fir-nuts
Tapioca
Flour, & Yam & Flour)
Tapioca 276 Seed,
Free 275 Seed, Pine—i.e.
Sesamum
241 Chestnuts alue 51.60% 278 Sugar
VPicul Vegetables, CaneDried, Pre-
242
243 China-foot
Cinnamon,in inbulkbulk 4.50 pared and Salted
244 0.90
24a Cloves,
Cloves,
CocaineMotAier
0.37 279 I Sugar,
Sugar.
Brown, under
246
247 Picul 50.20%
Value jj dard
No. &11“ Green DutchSugarStan-”
248 Galangal
Ginseng,
not Clarified Clarified
(including or 280 ' Sugar, White, over No.
Beard, Roots A Cut- 10 Dutch
j (incldg. RefinedStandard
Sugar)
tings,Ginseng):—
Wild but not includin g 281 | Sugar White, Cube and
а. 1st Quality—value Loaf Candy
282 ! Sugar
Sugar
over
per Hk. Tls. 35
catty Catty 2.60 Cane (see also 277)
б, 2nd Quality—value
over not Hk. over
Tls. Hk.25
Wines, Beer,
Waters,Spirits,
etc. Table
and Champagne
Wine &underother
any f
Tls.
c. 3rd 35 per
Quality—value catty... label “sold
Sparkling Champagne
Astis
the-!
”(
over Hk. Tls. 284
and 25notperover
Tls.Quality—value Hk.11
catty...
285 Other
286 StillWhite, SparklingRedWinesor
Wines,
d. 4th the produce exclusively
of the
over
but notHk.perovercatty...
Us.Hk.6, natural fermenta-
Tls. 11 0.43 tion
including of Grapes
Vins (notde
e. 5th
overQuality—value Liqueur) : —
but
Tls. notHk.
6 per overTls.Hk.3,
catty ...
a.b. InIn bulk
bottles
/. 6th
not Quality—value
over Hk. Tls. 287 Port Wine, in bottles ^
3 perWildcatty 0.088 Port Wine, in bulk ...
249 Ginseng,
250
251 Groundnuts,
Groundnuts, inShelled
Shell ...... Picul 50.23
Value 0.17% 290 Marsala,
Marsala, in bottles ... £
in bulk other
252 Hops
253 Lemons,
Isinglass,Fresh
Vegetable ... Value
Picul 53.70% 291 than dePortLiqueur
Vins and Marsala
254 1,000 0.731.70 (viz., Madeira,
Sherry, etc.):—Malaga,
255
266 Lichees,
Lily DriedDried ...
Flowers, Picul
257 Lungngans,
Lungngan Pulp 0.60
0.94 a. In bottles ..
258 Dried 0.63 b. In bulk
REVISED IMPORT TARIFF 45
Naux or Abticle.
d. Tls.
Value4.50over Hk. m.
Vermouth, Byrrh Quinquina and (.f
overl,0uo
Hk. Tls.but 6.50 not ■! Tls.
Sake,„ in
inin barrels bulk Imp.gal.
j 12sho*
Picul per !
Sake, bottles e. Tls.
Value3.00over but Hk.
not ;
*Ale,
10.90Bter,
= 1 shoCider,
= 3.175 pints.
Perry I over1,000Hk. Tls. 4.50 |
&of similar per
Fruits &Liquors
Berries:—made '
L /• Qls.Value1.50over butTls,Hk.
not3 !^i
In bottles ' l j 0,094 over Hk.
b. In casks
Porter and Stout, \| ;
0,029
j 0.21 g. orper 1,000
ValueHk.Tls.1.50
less per l,0oo ... |
i 0.11
in bottles Cigars:— 0,06
Porters
Brandy, & Stouts, in casks 0.05 а. JValue
Is. 40 perover Hk. j
Whisky, inCognac bulk and Case 0.20 б, 'Hk.
Value notp.1,000...
over !I 3.00
Brandy and Cognac, j Tls. 40 1,000
in bottles
Whisky, in bottles
( rep. qts. | 0.84
0.70
Snuff Leaf:—
Tobacco, Value 61.30
%
302 Gin, in bottles 0.38 a. Tls.
Value60 peroverpicul... Hk.
303
304
Gin,
Rum:in bulk
0.15 b. Hk.Tls.
Value 60notper picul over Picul 4.00
In bottles . f I rep.ofCaseqts. 12 | 0.44 Tobacco, Prepared:— 1.50
b. InRumbulk (not incl. o. under
In tins5orlbs.packages
each... Value
for industrial b. In
Other purposes
Spirits—i.e.. only) ...
Aqu- ed inbulkcases)
lined tins(notorpack-
tin-
avit, Vodka, I unch, Tobacco, Stalk Picul
etc.:—
In bottles 11JH fI 0.65 Chemicals and Dyes.
b. In bulk j Imp.gal. 0.22 Chemicals.
306 Liqueurs ^ qts. o?24 | 0.70 Acid, Acetic in pack-
307 Waters,Table, Aerated f i2bts.or 0.07 „ Boracic,ages of7 lbs.
not eachless
and Mineral (. j 24J-bts. than
Spirits
Rectified
Alcohol
of Spirits
Wine and
(including or | „„ Hydrochloric
Carbolic (i.e.. 50.96
%
Unsweetened
Methylated Arraca,
Spirits, ;!
|
Muriatic) in bulk
„„ Sulphuric
Nitric 0.24
0.55
Wood 0.18
Fusel Oil)Alcoholsee 341. and I Ammonia,
,, Sal in bulkof—i.e.,
Chloride 1.10
Tobacco. „ Ammoniac
Sulphate of ....
Cigarettes:—
a. Tls.
Value12.50over Hk. Bleaching
Chloride Powder—i.e..
of Lime
per 1,000 Borax, C rude or Refined 0.28
0.48
and
not all Cigarettes
bearing a dis- Calcium,
Copper, Carbide
Sulphate ofof 0,4)
tinctive
name on each brand or Glycerine in packages
Cigarette of not
lbs. eachless than 28
b. Tls.
Value8.50over but Hk.
nor, Hide Specific
over Hk. Tls. 12.50 Manure,
ical, orAnimal,
Artificial,t hem-not
ptr
c. Tls. 1,000
Value6.F0over Hk, otherwise enumerated
N aphthalene
over1,000
per Hk. but not
Tls. 8.50 Potassium, Bichromate
1.20
332 Saltpetre 0,73
46 REVISED IMPORT TARIFF
No.
m.
Tls.
0.13 Candles, Gums, Oils,
334. SodaBicarbonate
338 Ash
bulk of, in 0.29 Soap, Varnishes,
335 Caustic 0.36 Wax, etc.
336 Crystal 0.16
0.33 377 Beeswax,
Candles Yellow. See 400.
337 „ Concentrated 378
338 Nitrate
Saltpetre) of (Chile 379 Candlewick
Gasolene, Naphtha and.
339 Silicate
Sulphide ofof Benzine. Mineral:—
340
341 Spirits of Wine and)
Rectified
Alcohol Spirits
(' i ncludingor I
Unsweetened Ar- Imp.
]■I gallon b. In bulk |
rack. Methylated 380 Grease, Lubricating,
Spirits, Wood
coholand Fusel Oil) J Al- | 381 wholly
Gum or partly
Arabic mineral
382
383 ,,„ Dragon’s-blood
Dyes and Pigments. „„ OlibanumMyrrh
342 Aniline
343 Bark,
Dyes not other-
wise Mangrove
enumerated 50.13% 386 ,, Resin Shellac
Lac Fueland Button
344 Plum-tree 0.19
0.25 387
388 „Oil, Liquid
345
346 Blue, Yellow
Bronze Paris (for
Powder..
Dyeing)
or Prussian 2.40
3.50
389
390 ,,,, Castor,„ Lubricating
Medicinal...
347
348 Carbon
black) Black (i.e.,Lamp- 391
392 ,,,, Coconut
Hardened
Kerosene:—...
349
350 Cartbamin
Chrome Yellow.. 5% a. In case ...
351 Cinnabar
362 Cobalt, Oxide of 54.4%-0
353 Cochineal b.
354 Cnnao
355 oror False Gambier c.d. Tins,
Case empty
356 Cutch
Dyes and
classed
Gambier
Colours, Un- 52.90% 393 Oil
and two
Linseed tins:— j;
empty
357
358 Gamboge
Green, Emerald, Schwe- 394 Oila.Lubricating
Wholly or partly
359 infurt, (Orpiment)
or Imitation ... of mineral
fc. Other originnot(( I|;
kinds,
360 Harta-11
Indigo,
taining Artificial,
not more(highei con-
than otherwise
ated in bulkenumer- |
20% Indigotin
strengths in propor- 395
396 Oil, Olive,
.Soap, Household ...and Ij{
tion) Dried, Natural..
361 Indigo, Laundry
Blue (including
in bulk. j|
362 Indigo, Liquid Natural 6.60 Bars,Mottled),
andbe charged
Doublets:
363
364 Indoin.. 50.41
0.20%
duty to on
365 Laka-wood
Lead, Red, White and
Yellow ...Extract...
nominal
provided
weights
weights,
that
be not and such
less
366 Logwood 0.66 than true
367
368 Nutgalls 0.77
1.00% that alessBarweights
does7 oz....
not
369 Ochre
370 Safflower
Sapanwood
50.65 397
weigh
Soap, Toilet and Fancy
Stearine
than
371 Smalt ,...1 0.19
2.00 398
399 Turpentine
372
373 Turmeric
Ultramarine 0.20 a.b. Vegetable
Mineral
374 Vermilion 1.40
4.50 400 Wax, Bees, Yellow
375 , ZincArtificial
376 White 5% 401 „„ Vegetable
Paraffin
402
REVISED IMPORT TARIFF 47
No. Name oe Abticlk. ; Taeifpbcr*. Unit and Name of Abticm
Per Hk.
Tls. Per
Books, Maps, Paper, Paper, StrawboardPlain. Picul
and Wood Pulp. „ and Unglazed Tissue
403 Books, Printed or Manu- M.G. Bleached
Sulphite, free
script,
bound Bound
(including or Un-
Tele- Mechanical
Pulp Woodof
graphic
Picture Code Books,
Booksfor tea-and „ Art Writing, Drawing,
Copy Books Bank-note,Printing,
Parch-
ching
Drawing, Writing
andMusic and
Booksto ment,Grease-proof..
Pergamyn,
for teaching and
„ Unenumerated ... Value 5 %■
Children, but notMusic in- Wood Pulp,
cluding
Bootes, other
Ledgers, and Wood
cal :— Pulp,Chemical...
Mechani- Picul 0,40
other
Privateoffice. School, and...
St ationery) a.b. Wet
Dry (not contain- 0.33
404 Charts and MapsMaps,(in- Free
cluding Outline ing cent,
per lessmoisture
than 40i
ij forRelief
and Models Maps, and Globes,
Charts 0.1G
poses,Educational
Ij ching ofsuch as the pur-
Anatomy, tea-
etc. j
Animal Substances,
405 ;| Newspapers&Periodicals Raw and Prepared.
406 Paper,Bleached Cardboard, Pure j Hides,
Uncoated sulphite, j
Picul 084 SkinsLeather
(Furs).and
407 „ bins Cigarette, on bob- | Hides, Buffalo
eludingor orweight
rolls (in-of j| Leather Beltingorand Cow.
„ Enamelled,
Calf Kia, 51.20
%
bobbin,
| „ Common roll,'
Printing ... j
Ii Ja-
(containing Me- panned,
and/or Patent,
Coloured.
chanical
Pulp), Wood
Calendered ; ■ Leather, Cow, Enamell-
orSizedUncalendered, ed, Japanned
and Patent
or Unsized, „ Sole:—
409 „ White Coatedor Coloured
Enamelled and / or Picul 0.48
on one
a.b. Other
Bellies & Shoulders Picul
or both sides 1.00 Skins (Furs), Beaver ... Value 5 %'
410 ,, Glazed,either
Friction, Flint,
orPaper...
Plated, „„ Fox Dog
& Marbled 1.50 „ „ Arctic,
411 „ M.G. Coloured,
chiefly
Cap, White
of madeor
Mechani- „„ White
Fox„ Legs
Red
cal Wood Pulp ... „ Goat,
„ Tanned..
Untann-
412 „ ping, PackingandWrap-
Brown or ed
Coloured
ing Kraft (includ-
Paper).. „„ Hare
Lamb & Rabbit
413 „ Mechanical
Printing, (freeWoodof 0.48
Pulp), Calendered „„ Land-otter
,, Unborn.
orSizedUncalendered, „ Lynx
„ tanned
Marten, Un-
White oror Coloured
Unsized, „„ Musquash
(including
and Simile
M G.including
Poster, ,,„ Raccoon
Sable
but not
.Printing Paper edSheep,Untann-
otherwise
erated) enum- „ Squirrel
„ Wolf
48 REVISED IMPORT TARIFF
No. Name Articlk. TariffUnit and Article.
Per Hk.Tls.
Bones, Feathers,
Horns,Tusks, Hair,
Shells,etc.Sinews, Ordinary,
(includingManufactured
any process
further
sawing, than
but simple
notSpars):
in-
445
446 Bones,
Cow Tiger
Bezoar, Indian Picul 4.30 cluding Masts &
447 Crocodile and Armadillo Value 5 %
448 Scales Tusks,Whole Picul 3 30 467 Hardwood:
Elephants’
449 or Parts of Kingfisher, Catty 0.19
Feathers, а. Clear,
measure, on net")! |!
460 Whole Skins...
„ Kingfisher, Part 100 0.61 over
in Hk.Tls. not
value 175 !| i
p<-r
Skins (i.e.,Wings,
Tails,or Backs;... 1,00u
B.M sup. ft.,Jj ;
451 „
Hair, Peacock Value б. Merchantable, on
462
453 ,, Horse
Horns, „ Tails
Buffalo and Cow.
Picul Z.4U
3.80
net
over
i n
measure,
value Tls.1, Hk. per 12500
454
455 „„ Deer sup. ft., B.M.......
456
457 „ „,, Old Young, Nor-
thern Sou- Pair 310
7.00
468 Softwood:
458 „ „ Young, а. Clear,
459
460 Musk
Sea-horse Teeth
Value
Catty б. measure on net
Merchantable,
461 Sinews, Cow and Deer... Picul 1.60Value net measure on
469 Ordinary, Masts & Spars
470 Railway Sleepers...
Timber, Wood, Bam- 471 Teak-wood. Beams,... 1S
boos, and Rattans. Planks and Logs
Timber. Wood, Bamboos and
462 Laths 1.000 \ 0.25
pieces Rattans.
Ordinary (not including 472 Canes, Bamboo
Rattan Skin
Teak and Woods other en-), 473 Rattans, Core
umerated
Rough Hewn, & Round
474
475
476 Wood, „ Split or Whole
Camagon
Logs:- 477 „„ Ebony
Oamphor
463 Hardwood, not75 over'; 478
479 „ Fragrant
Hk. Tls. in ^ 1,000
sup.ft., „
480 „ Kranjee Garoo
value pe>-
sup. ft, B.M ) l,00o C B.M. 481
482 Wood, Laka. See 364. ...
464 Softwood 483 Wood,
1.40 484 „ Oil
Wood
Lignum-vitffi
Puru
465 Ordinary, Sawn: — 485
486 „„ Red and Rose ...
Hardwood, not over „ Sandal
487 Wood, „ Dust
Sapan. See 370.
Hk.
value Tls.
per 100 sup.in
1,000
ft., B. M 488 Wood,
489 „ Scented Scale Sticks
466 Softwood 491 „„ Veneer
490 Shavings, Hinoki
REVISED IMPORT TARIFF
Name of Article. Name of Article.
Soft- !
In this Tariff,theby wood Glass Window, Com-
3om-1 100 Tls.
wood mon, not over \ 0.26
ofandanyofis meant
coniferous tree in weight
Glass W indow. sq.1-0 ft.oz. i\ sq. ft.
per Coloured
“leaves, ”all Pines,
needlee.g., ortreesspinous
with
Firs, jj Mirrors (see also 572) ... 51.00%
Spruces,Larches,Cedars. Stone & Manufac-
Yews,
Cypresses. Junipers,
The wood andof . tures of Earth.
all trees Cement ; Sand
leaves
Hardwood. is to be classed as |
with broad Corundum
Emery & Glass Powder
(see also
Emery-cloth, 545)sheet not
Coal, Fuel, Pitch, over 144560)
square inches
(see also Ream
and Tar. Fire-bricks
Fireclay .... Value 50.63
%
492
493 Charcoal
Coal Picul
Ton I! 50.071
0.34% Flints
Pebbles) (including Flint Picul 0.061
494 „ Briquettes jj Value Sand-paper, sheet not
Liquid
PitchCoalFuel. See 387 over
Tar, „ ' j| 0.16„
Picul also 576144 sq. ins. (t
Tiles 0.20
5%
Chinaware, Enamel- Miscellaneous.
ledware, Glass, etc. Asbestos.
Basins, Asbestos Boiler Com-
13 ins. inTin,diameter
Chinaware
not over... Gross j 0.42 position
Asbestos Fibre and
Enamelled
Basins, : — Value 1I 5 %
IronwareCups
Bowls,
M etallicMillboard
Asbestos Packing
Asbestos
Packing Tarn and
Sheets
a.andNotMugs:
over diameter
11 centi- Asbestos
b. metres
Over 11in c.-metres Bags, Mats, and Matting.
but not over in dia-22 Bags, Cotton,
c.-metres Bags, Gunny,New New (see
c. meter
Over 22 c.-metres also
Bags, 61)
Gunny, Old (see
but not over
c.-metres in dia-36 also 62)
meter Bags,
New Hempalsoor63)H essian,
(see
d. Other Ironware, Bags, Hemp
Enamelled
Unenumerated Old (see
Bags, alsoorand
64)Hessian, 5°/
Glass
Glass, and Crystal
Plate,over Ware
Silvered:— Cdr (Door)Grass. Dozen
Straw
Mats, Fancy 1,000 1.500
0.52
1. each:
Not 5 sq. ft MMats,
ats, Formosa
(Bed)Rattan Grass Value
a. Unbevelled
Bevelled Sq. ft. | Mats, 50.49
3.60%
2.b.a.Over 5 sq. ft, each : Mats,
Mats, Rush 100
Bevelled
b.Plate,
Unbevelled Mats, Straw
Matting, Tatami
Coir, 36 ins. ( Each 0.35
0.021
Glass
1. No* Unsilvered
over 5 sq. ft..- by 100 yds
Matting, ( Roll
100yd.ofof i 2,60
each:
o.b. Unbeveiled
Bevelled ... by 40 ydsStraw, 36ins.(( Roll 40 yd.
2. Over 5 sq. ft. each: Buttons.
a.b. Unbevelled
Bevelled Buttons,
... Jewellery,Fancy etc.) (Glass,
60 REVISED IMPORT TARIFF
Name ok Article. I Tarifk Unit and
529 Buttons, Metal (not in- Per Match-making
eluding those made orof J!
|| plated
Precious with Metals
Precious Chlorate
Emery & ofMaterials:—
Potash
Glass Powder.... j 0.38
0.12
j Buttons,
Metals) Porcelain ;| Gross 0.01
0.017 Labels ? j 5
530
531 ij Buttons, Shell 12 „
| Gross U.0I9 Phosphorus ! 1 ; 2.2j
Wax,
401) Paraffin {see also j !I 0.38
Fans, Sunshades.
Umbrellas and ' j Wood Shavings j 0.18-
„ Splints
532 Fans, Palm-leaf, Coarse < 1,000 0.70 Metal Thread. j
534 ! „ „ Fancy Fine... i? „„,, 2.30 Thread, Gold, Imitation, j
535 j|! ,,„, Silk
536 Paper„ or Cotton... Value
0.97
2.50 on Cotton
Thread, Silver, Imita- jj 0.21
tion, on Cotton 0.12
537 || Umbrellas
With Handles & Sunshades:
wholly |! 'IImitation,
bread. GoldonandSilkSilver, \I
i orther-of partly Ivory,
Metals, of Precious
- Pearl, Mo- !
Tor-
Sundry.
toiseshell, Agate, etc,, Amber
Bamboo Baskets, |
538 | With or Jewelled
all other Hand- ! „ boo Blinds, and Bam-
other J\
les, all Cotton: Bent-wood
! a. over Length 17 insof rib not Coir YarnandChairs
Length
17 i of rib over „ 0.032
Cordage
Cornelian Twine
Beads
With all othernotHand- „ Stones, Rough
not 100 0.30
les.all
With Mixtures,
other Silk j ,,
Handles, 0.086 Emery-cloth,
over 144 sq,and sheet
ins Ream 0.53
Silk and Silk Mixtures ,, 0.13 Furniture
Wood ware other
Glue (not including Value 5 °/o
Files and Needles. Fish Cow,
Glue) Picul 1.50
Files of allsurface
kinds :—only, | Glue,
Glue, Refuse
Fish andGutta- 1,00
a. Filing
not over 4 ins. only,
long I Dozen 0.091 India-rubber 4.00
b. Filing
over 4 surface
ins. but not... jj percha. Crude Old ••• J Value J 5 °ja
India-rubber,
over 9 surface
c. Filing ins. longonly, 0.14 Waste
Inks ofPowder
all kinds
over 9 ins. but not... „ 0.28 Insect
Lamp wick
over
Filing1414surface
d. over ins. longonly, Leather Purses
ins. long ... ||! Value
Needles, Hand-sewing.. 0.62
5% Machines,
Knitting Sewing and"
Matches Mirrors
Moulding, Picture
making and Match-
Materials. Oakum
Rope
Matches, Wood, Safety Sand-paper, sheet
ora. other:—
Small, in boxes not over 144
Shoes ins not
andsq.boots 0.20
over 2inins. by If ins. Starch 5 °lo
by
b. not f
Large,overin2jboxes Sulphur
ins. ]r Tinder
Worm
c. byIn 1«boxes
ins. bywhose
f in.di-(. tles, notTablets,
over 60inpieces
Bot-
mensions
any one ofgiven exceed
the di- Unenumerated
mensions un- Goods.
der (&.) above Unenumerated Goods... Value I 5 °Ia.
REVISED IMPORT TARIFF 51
RULES
Rule I.
?| and the Imports
value unenumerated
upon which Dutyin this
is to Tariff
be will payshall
calculated Dutybeatthethewholesale
rate of 5 marbet
per cent,valuead valorem;
of thebe
goods in local currency. This market value when converted into Haikwan Taels shall
i[ considered to be higher than the
and 7 per cent, of the Duty-paying value of the goods. Duty-paying value by the amount of the Duty on the goods
s If the goods have teen sold before presentation to the Customs of the Application to
pay Duty,value.
the gross amount of the bond fide
soldcontract will be accepted that ass beevidence of the
! Dmarket
value elusion in the Should
for Duty-paying
theDutygoods
price ofpurposes ha'e
otherbeen
andwithout charges,
the
onsuchc. f.c. and
deduction f. andi. terms,
mentioned i. voice
in theshall
to say, without
precedingtaken as the
paragraph.
f "tion 'Iimported
he importer,
ofafter goods,if dissatisfied
or the amount with oftheDuty
decision of the assessed
or charges Customs thereon,
as to themay,
valuewithin
or clas.-ifica-
twentyin
•days the filing of the Application to pay Duty or other Customs entry, fil * a protest
[Ij writing
Rending
the deposit
with
a thedecision
final Commissioner
of fullin the in
Duties the of Customs,
case,
and ofsuch the setting may
merchandise
additionalcanDuties
forth lespecifically
released
as may
histheobjection
to
be claimedafter importer thereto.
by theth Customs,upon
j provided the
of the merchandise case, opinion
from Customs the
custody. Customs, be
Upon the filing heard satisfactorily release
;i -within
•shall befifteenreferreddaysto thereafter,
a Board of review Arbitration,his decision,
composedandasiffollowstheofprotest
protestisthenot< sustainednthe
:—
ommhsioeer shall, case
An official of the Customs ;
A merchant selected by the Consul of the importer; and
A merchant, differing in nationality from the importer, selected by the Senior
Consul.
.shall beQuestions
decided byregarding
thefifteen procedure,
majority. etc., which
findingmay(not
of arise during ofthethesittings of the Board
|1 b-uponannounced
both within
parties. Each of days
the ofThemerchants
two thefinal
reference
on the
theincluding
Board
majority
will be entitled
Board,
holidays), willa which must.
befee binding
i Haikwan Taels.
-sustaining that Should the
valuation, shouldBoardit decide
sustainthat
the theCustoms goods valuation,
have been in tbe event byof Ten
to
or,undervalued of not
the
importer to the extent of not less than 7-J per cent., the importer will pay the fees ; if other-
wise,
the the
goods fees
is w
20ill be
per paid
cent, by the
(or Customs.
more) Should
higher than the thatBoard
upon decide
which that
thethe correct
importer value
originally of
claimed
Duty to pay Duty, the Customs authorities may retain possession
has been paid aud may levy an additional Duty equal to four times the Duty sought to of the goods until full
be evaded.
In all cases invoices, when available, must be produced if required by the Customs.
Rule II,
.and Silver, The following
both Bullionwill and
not Coin;
be liablePrinted
to Import
Books, Duty:
Charts,Foreign
Maps,and Rice, Cereals,andandNewspapers.
Periodicals Flour; Gold
l• Coins A freight orwillpart
excepted) freight
render the ofvessel
Duty-free
carryingcommodities
them, though (Goldno Silver
other cargoBullion
be on and Foreign
board, liable
.to Tonnage Dues.
Drawbacks will be issued for Ship’s Stores and Bunker Coal when taken on board.
Rule III.
Itji authorised Exceptto atpurchase
the requisition of thetrade
them,description.
Import Chinese
isPermitGovernment,in orall forArms,saleAmmunition,
prohibited to Chinese duly
r1,1 Munitions
-Customs haveof War
proof of
t atevery
the necessary No
authority has b-en to land
given them
to the will be
Importer. until and
issuedInfraction the
| ofis absolutely
this rule willprohibited.
be punisbaule by confiscation of all the goods concerned. The import of Salt
Rule . IV.
L the The
ofdruggists, importation
following articles ofisOpium
prohibitedand Poppyexcept Seeds
under is absolutely
bond by qualified prohibited.
medicalThepractitioners,
importation
||C and chemist?: Morphia and Cocaine and Hypodermic
containing Morphia, Opium, or Cocaine; Stovaine, Heroin, Thebaine, Ghanja, Hashish, Bhang, Syringes; Anti-Opium Pills
® CannabisandIndica,
•Opium Cocaine. Tincture of Opium, Laudanum, Codeine, Dionin, and all' other derivatives of
52 CUSTOMS TARIFF ON EXPORTS
TAKIFF ON EXPORTS
(As annexed to the Tientsin Treaty of 1858)
Name <*' Article. | Tariff Unit and Duty. Name of Article. Tariff Unit
00 0104 05 Galangal Per T.0 m.10c. c.5
Picul
Alum
„ Green
Aniseed, Star or C 00 52 05 00 Garlic Ginseng, Native ad valorem 50p.0cent. 30
„ Broken..
Oil- or Almonds 5 0 0 0 „ Corean
pan, or Ja-
1st quality ) Catty 0 5 00
Apricot
Arsenic Seeds, i
00 44 55 00 „ Beads
Glass „ 2nd quality...) Picul 00 35 50 0-0
Artificial Flowers 001575 005 000 Glass or Vitrified 02 55 00 0-0’
Bamboo Ware
Bangles, or Glass Armlets Glasscloth,
„ Fine Wire...
Coarse 00 7105 00
Beans
Bean and Peas
Cake jI 00 00 63 05 Ground-nuts „ Cake 0030
Bone
Brass and Horn Ware ...j
„„ Buttons 315 0 000 000 Gypsum,
Plaster ofGround,
Paris or)( !j 0 0 3 0-
Foil
Ware I
I 15
10 0 0 Hair,
Hair, Camels
Goats 001 051 085 0-O'0
Camphor Wii 115 0 Hams
00 75 05 00 Hemp
Hartall, or Orpiment 00 33 55 O'
Canes j| Thousand 0-
Cantharides
Capoor Cutchery j Picul
„ 0 Honey Deers’, Young ... Pair 00 99 00 0O'
2 03 00 00 Horns,
CarpetsLignea and Druggets .J Hundred 3500 „ Ink„ Old Picul 13
4100 00 0- 5 0
Cassia
„ Buds „ 000 861500 000 India
Picul Indigo, Dry ..... 0
..„ TwigsOil •...| 9 20 00 00 Ivory Ware
Joss-sticks Picul 00 2150 00
Catty
Castor
Chestnuts Oil „
„„ 00 10 0 Kittysols, or Paper)
UmbrellasWare ) Hundred 0 5 0 0-
China
Chinaware, RootsFine
1 „ 0 9130 000 Lacquered
Lamp wicks
Picul 01 60 00 0- 0
„ Coarse „ 00 47 55 00 Lead, Red, (M(Ceruse)
iniumj ...... 00 33 55 00
Cinnarbar
Clothing, Cotton „ „ White, 0350
Coal „ silk :! „,, 1001500 004 000 Leather „ Yellow,
Pouches,
(Massicot).\
Articles,
Purses as)) j| 1 5 0 0'
Coir Ore
Copper | „ 0 0 5100 00 Lichees„ Green ii 001822 070 000
Corals, „„ and
Sheathing,
FalsePewterOld ... „„ 0115
Ware! j „
5 0 00 Lily„ Flowers,
Seeds or Dried
Liquorice Lotus Nuts! 00 5130 0'5
Cotton, Raw 0 3 5 0
00 03 54 05 Lung-ngan 00 23 55 00
Cow BezoarFireworks j Catty „ withoutCakes, Stone.
or/\ I
Crackers, Picul 00 35 06 00 ManurePoudrette 0 0 9 0-
Cubebs I valort „ 15 0 0 Marble Slabs Hundred 00 22 00 00
Curiosities,
Dates, Black Antiques ...\ad
! Picul ' 5 p. cent. Mats of all kinds roll of I
„ GreenRed 0 15 0 Matting j 40 yards j 00 21 00 0O
Dye,
Eggs, Preserved. Catty 000 083 905 000 Melon
!! Thousand Seeds Ware ... Picul
Mother-o’-Pearl Catty 01 51 00 0-
O
Fans, Feather.... : Hundred I! 00 07 45 05 Mushrooms Picul
Catty 0 9 0 0
„„ Palm
Paper Musk
„ PalmLeaf, Leaf,trimmed
un-) i Thousand 00 32 06 00 Nankeen and Native tI Picul 1 5 0 0-
Cotton Cloths 0 5 0 0'
Felt Cuttingstrimmed j !: Picul ” 0 10 0 Nutgalls Oil, as Bean, Tea, Wood,)
,, Caps I Hundred 12 5 0 Cotton & Hemp Seed * 0300
Fungus, or Agaric Picul 0 6 0 0 Oiled Paper 0 4 5 O'
CUSTOMS TARIFF ON EXPORTS 53*
Namk or Article. Tariff Unix Name of Article. j Tariff Unit and Duty.
Per T. m. c. c. Per T.m. c. c.
Olive Seed Sea-shells. Picul 00 03 09 00 Silk,„ Ribbons
Oyster-shells, Piece and Thread!I Picul
Goods,—' 10 0 0 0
Paint, Green 0450 Pongees,
Scarves, Shawls,
Crape, j
I !
Palampore, or Cotton)^ Hundred 2 7 5 0 Satin, andGauzes, 12 0 0 0-
Bed 1st
Paper, Quilts
quality Picul 00 74 00 00 Velvet
broidered Em- |j j
GoodsJ
„ 2nd „
Pearls,Orange
Peel, False 002 403 005 000 „„ Piece chuen.Goods,—Sze-
Tassels Shantung jJ 4500
„ Pumelo, 1st quality 00 15 0 „ Cape Hundred 100 09 00 00
„
Peppermint „ 2nd „ 10 0 Silk andandCotton Mixtures Picul 5 0 0 0
Pictures „ andLeaf Oil
Paintings... Each 03 5100 00 Silver Snuff Gold Ware ... 100 08 00 0O
Pictures on Pith or) Hundred 0 10 0 Soy 00 74 00 00
Rice Paper )... Picul 0 0 5 0 Straw Sugar, Braid
Brown
Pottery,
Preserves,
Sweetmeats
Earthenware
Comfits, and)( 0 5 0 0 „„ Candy White 000 221205 O'00-
0 2 5 0 Tallow, Animal
Rattans,
Rattan
Rhubarb
Split
Ware 0123 50 00 Tea„ (seeVegetable Note at the ) ;j 00 23 00 0O'
RiceMillet,
or Paddy, endFoilof the Tariff) ... j |j 2500
Grains and Wheat, other)> 0 10 0 Tin Tobacco, Prepared i 01241 555 0-0-0
Rugs of Hair or Skin Each 0 0 9 0 Tobacco, Leaf 0
Samshoo
Sandalwood Ware
Seaweed
Picul 0 15
Catty
||j Picul 000 15 10 000 Tortoiseshell
Trunks,
Turmeric Leather Ware Catty
Picul 001521000 O'00
Sessamun
Shoes and Seed
Boots, Lea-1j Pair 3 0 0 0 Turnips, 13 5 Twine, Hemp,
,, Salted Canton
,, Soochow... ... 00 5150 00
ther or Satin 0 1 8 O'
Shoes,
Silks, Strawand Thrown...
Raw
„ Yellow, from Sze- ; 100 0180 00 Varnish, quer or Crude Lac-1j j
Vermicelli
0500
02 5180 00
chuen ) 7 0 0 0 Vermillion
„ Reeled
Silk, Wild Raw from Dupions 5 0 0 0
2105 00 00 Wood—Piles, Wax, White or Insect ..J
Poles, &)) | Each j 0150 03 00
3 0 0 0 Wood Ware Joists Picul
„„ Floss,
CocoonsCanton
„ from other Provinces 104 30 00 00 Wool „ |! 01 31 55 00
practiceTEA.—Coarse
of the Shanghai unjtred Japanese
Customs Tea duty
to charge imported for localon Tea
ad valorem consumption.—Since
of this description.February, 1861, it has been the
Tea imported from Japan for the purpose of being retired
April, 1861, Japanese Tea imported for re-exportation has been dealt with at Shanghai and re-exported to a Foreign
accordingcountry.—Since
to the followingtherule1st of
will “ Tea imported
be allowed a reduction into this port
on the actualfrom Japan for
weight imported the purpose of being refired and re-exported
Importtoinduty,a Foreign country
exported
provided a Drawback
that Certificate
ArticleforXLV.
the entire
of the amount of dutyof Twenty
paid perbe granted
GreatwillBritain
cent, onontheapplication and
usualwhen
thewith, re-
manner,
the weights, &c.the, &c.terms
, beofcorrectly declared.” Treaty between and China be complied and that
Mace Brick Tea-—In the Tariff appended to the Russian Regulations of 1862, the Export duty on Brick is fixed at
per picul.
RULES
{Annexed to the Tariff of 1858)
Rule L — Unenumerated Goods.—Articles not enumerated in the list of exports,
'but enumerated in the list of imports, when exported, will pay the amount of duty
set against them in the list of imports; and, similarly, articles not enumerated in
the list of imports, but enumerated in the list of exports, when imported, will pay
the amount of duty set against them in the list of exports.
Articles not enumerated in cither list, nor in the list of duty-free goods, will pay
an ad valorem duty of 5 per cent., calculated on their market value.
Rule II.—Duty-free Goods.—Gold and silver bullion, foreign coins, flour, Indian
meal, sago, biscuits, preserved meats and vegetables, cheese, butter, confectionery,
foreign clothing, jewellery, plated-ware, perfumery, soap of all kinds, charcoal,
firewood, candles (foreign), tobacco (foreign), cigars (foreign), wine, beer, spirits,
household stores, ship’s stores, personal baggage, stationery, carpeting, druggeting,
cutlery, foreign medicines, glass, and crystal ware.
The above pay no import or export duty, but, if transported into the interior
will, with the exception of personal baggage, gold and silver bullion, and foreign coins,
pay a transit duty at the rate of 2| per cent, ad valorem.
A freight, or part freight, of duty-free commodities (personal baggage, gold
and silver bullion, and foreign coins, excepted) will render the vessel carrying them,
though no other cargo be on board, liable to tonnage dues.
Rule III.—Contraband Goods.—Import and export trade is alike prohibited in
the following articles: Gunpowder, shot, cannon, fowling-pieces, rifles, muskets,
pistols, and all other munitions and implements of war; and salt.
Rule IV.— Weights amd Measures.—In the calculation of the Tariff, the weight
of a picul of one hundred catties is held to be equal to one hundred and thirty-three
and one-third pounds a voirdupois ; and the length of a chang of ten Chinese feet to
be equal to one hundred and forty-one English inches.
One Chinese ehih is held to be equal to fourteen and one-tenth inches English;
and four yards English, less three inches, to equal one chang.
Rule V.—Regarding Certain Commodities Heretofore Contraband.—The restric-
tions affecting trade in opium, cash, grain, pulse, sulphur, brimstone, saltpetre, and
spelter are relaxed, under the following conditions :—
1. —#Opium will henceforth pay thirty Taels per picul import
will sell it only at the port. It will be carried into the interior by Chinese only, and
only as Chinese property; the foreign trader will not be allowed to accompany it.
The provisions of Article IX. of the Treaty of Tientsin, by which British subjects
are authorized to proceed into the interior with passports to trade, will not
extend to it, nor will those of Article XXVII. of the same treaty, by which the
transit dues are regulated. The transit dues on it will be arranged as the Chinese
Government see fit: nor in future revisions of the Tariff is the same rule of revision
to be applied to opium as to other goods.
2. —Copper Cash.—The export of cash to any foreign port
shall be lawful for British subjects to ship it at one of the open ports of China to
another, on compliance with the following Regulation:—The shipper shall give
notice of the amount of cash he desires to ship, and the port of its destination, and
shall bind himself either by a bond, with two sufficient sureties, or by depositing
For Opium duty see Convention signed in 1885, also the Treaty of 1902.
CUSTOMS TARIFF 65*
such other security as may be deemed by the Customs satisfactory, to return, within
six months from the date of clearance, to the collector at the port of shipment, the
certificate issued by him, with an acknowledgment thereon of the receipt of the cash
at the port of destination by the collector at that port, who shall thereto affix his
seal; or failing the production of the certificate, to forfeit a sum equal in value to
the cash shipped. Cash will pay no duty inwards or outwards ; but a freight or part
freight of cash, though no other cargo be on board, will render the vessel carrying it
liable to pay tonnage dues.
3. —The export of rice and all other grain whatsoever, native or fo
where grown or whence imported, to any foreign port, is prohibited; but these
commodities may be carried by British merchants from one of the open ports of
China to another, under the same conditions in respect of security as cash, on p*f-
ment at the port of shipment of the duty specified in the Tariff.
No import duty will be leviable on rice or grain; but a freight or part freight of
rice or grain, though no other cargo be on board, will render the vessel importing it
liable to tonnage dues.
4. —*The export of pulse and beancake from Tung-chau and New
the British flag, is prohibited. From any other of the ports they may be shipped, on
payment of the tariff duty, either to other ports of China, or to foreign countries.
5. —Saltpetre, sulphur, brimstone, and spelter, being munitions o
be imported by British subjects, save at the requisition of the Chinese G-overnment,
or for sale to Chinese duly authorized to purchase them. No permit to land them
will be issued until the Customs have proof that the necessary authority has been
given to the purchase. It shall not be lawful for British subjects to carry these
commodities up the Yang-tsze-kiang, or into any port other than those open on the
seaboard, norto accompany them into the interior on behalf of Chinese. They must
be sold at the ports only, and, except at the ports they will be regarded as Chinese
property.
Infractions of the conditions, as above set forth, under which trade in opium.,
cash, grain, pulse, saltpetre, brimstone, sulphur, and spelter may be henceforward
carried on, will be punishable by confiscation of all the goods concerned.
Rule VI.—Liability of Vessels Entering Port. For the prevention of misunder-
standing, it is agreed that the term of twenty-four hours, within which British vessels
must be reported to the Consul under Article NXXVII. of the Treaty of Tientsin,
shall be understood to commence from the time a British vessel comes within the limits
of the port: as also the term of forty-eight hours allowed her by Article XXX. of the
same Treaty to remain in port without payment of tonnage dues.
The limits of the ports shall be defined by the Customs, with all consideration
for the convenience of trade compatible Avith due protection of the revenue ; also the
limits of the anchorages within which lading and discharging is permitted by the
Customs ; and the same shall be notified to the Consul for public information.
Rule VII.—Transit Dues.—-It is agreed that Article XXXVIII. of the Treaty of
Tientsin shall be interpreted to declare the amounts of transit dues legally leviable
upon merchandise imported or exported by British subjects to be one-half of the tariff
duties, except in the case of the duty-free goods liable to a transit duty of 2| per cent.
ad valorem, as provided in Article II. of these Rules. Merchandise shall be cleared
of its transit dues under the folloAving conditions
In the Case of Imports.—Notice being given at the port of entry, from which the
Imports are to be forwarded inland, of the nature and quantity of the goods, the ship
* NOTIFICATION.
Article
Pulse IV. of Rule
and bean-cake No. 5 appended
mayterms to
be henceforth the Tariff isBritish
offrom1858Tungehow
exportedas are
CONSuiiATH, Shanghai, 24th March, 1862'.
rescinded.
andNative
Newchwang, andby from all other ports in China
open by Treaty,
the 5th December on the same
last; port and
that onis topaymentconditions
say, theyofmay be shipped applied to other produce thethehalf-duty
portRegulation bearing
anddate-
charged at any Chinese half-duty, with onpower
payment
to claimof Tariff dutyofatthe
drawback of shipment, dis-
if re-exported.
By order, Waltbr H. Medhtrst, Consul.
56 CUSTOMS TARIFF
from which they have been landed, and the place inland to which they are bound,
with all other necessary particulars, the Collector of Customs will, on due inspection
made, and on receipt of the transit duty due, issue a transit duty certificate. This
must be produced at every barrier station, and vised. No further duty will be leviable
■ upon imports so certificated, no matter how distant the place of their destination.
in the Case of Exports.—Produce purchased by a British subject in the interior
will be inspected, and taken account of, at the first barrier it passes on its way to the
port of shipment. A memorandum showing the amount of the produce and the port
; at which it is to be shipped, will be deposited there by the person in charge of the
produce; he will then receive a certificate, which must be exhibited and vised at every
barrier, on his way to the port of shipment. On the arrival of the produce at the
barrier nearest the port notice must be given at the Customs at the port, and the
transit dues due thereon being paid it will be passed. On exportation the produce
will pay the tariff duty*.
Any attempt to pass goods inwards or outward otherwise than in compliance
- with the rule here laid down will render them liable to confiscation.
Unauthorised sale, in transitu, of goods that have been entered as above for a
) port, will render them liable to confiscation. Any attempt to pass goods in excess
of the quantity specified in the certificate will render all the goods of the same
denomination, named in the certificate, liable to confiscation. Permission to export
produce, which cannot be proved to have paid its transit dues, will be refused by the
• Customs until the transit dues shall have been paid. The above being the arrange-
ment agreed to regarding the transit dues, which will thus be levied once and for all,
the notification required under Article XXYIII. of the Treaty of Tientsin, for the
information of British and Chinese subjects, is hereby dispensed with.
Rule YIII.—Peking Not Open to Trade.—It is agreed that Article IX. of the
Treaty of Tientsin shall not be interpi’eted as authorising British subjects to enter
■the capital city of Peking for purposes of trade.
Rule IX.—Abolition of the Meltage Fee.—It is agreed that the percentage of one
Tael two Mace, hitherto charged in excess of duty payments to defray the expenses of
melting by the Chinese Government, shall be no longer levied on British subjects.
Rule X.—Collection of Duties Under One System at all Ports.—It being by Treaty
at the option of the Chinese Government to adopt what means appear to it best suited
to protect its revenue accruing on British trade, it is agreed that one uniform system
shall be enforced at every port.
The high officer appointed by the Chinese Government to superintend foreign
trade will, accordingly from time to time, either himself visit or will send a deputy
to visit the different ports. The said high officer will be at liberty, of his own choice,
and independently of the suggestion or nomination of any British authority, to select
any British subject he may see fit to aid him in the administration of the Customs
Revenue, in the prevention of smuggling, in the definition of port boundaries, or in
discharging the duties of harbour master; also in the distribution of lights, buoys,
beacons, and the like, the maintenance of which shall be provided for out of the
tonnage dues.
The Chinese Government will adopt what measures it shall find requisite to
prevent smuggling upon the Yang-tsze-kiang, when that river shall be opened to
trade.
Done at Shanghai, in the province of Kiang-su, this eighth day of November, in
the year of our Lord eighteen hundred and fifty-eight, being the third day of the
tenth moon of the eighth year of the reign of Hien Fung.
[l.s.] Elgin and Kincardine.
Seal of Chinese Plenipotentiaries. Signatures of Five Chinese Plenipotentiaries.
* See Chefoo Convention, Section III., Article 4.
EMIGRATION CONVENTION
Between the United Kingdom and China respecting the Employment oe'
Chinese Labour in British Colonies and Protectorates
{Signed in London, 13th May, 1904)
Whereas a Convention between Her Majesty Queen Victoria and His Majesty -
the Emperor of China was signed at Peking on the 24th October, 1860, by Article V.
of which His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China consented to allow Chinese
subjects, wishing to take service in British Colonies or other parts beyond the seas,
to enter into engagements with British subjects, and to ship themselves and their
families on board of Bi-itish vessels at the open ports of China in conformity with
Regulations to be drawn up between the two Governments for the protection of such
emigrants:
And whereas the aforesaid Regulations have not hitherto been framed, His-
Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the
British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, and His Majesty the Emperor
of China have accordingly appointed the following as their respective Plenipo-
tentiaries, that is to say :
His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of
the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, the Most Honourable -
Henry Charles Keith Petty-Eitzmaurice, Marquess of Lansdowne, His Majesty’s
Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs ; and
His Majesty the Emperor of China, Chang Teh-Yih, Brevet Lieutenant-General
of the Chinese Imperial Forces, His Imperial Majesty’s Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor
of India;
And the said Plenipotentiaries having met and communicated to each other their
respective full powers, and found them in good and due form, have agreed upon and
concluded the following Articles :—
Art. I.—As the Regulations to be framed under the above-mentioned Treaty
were intended to be of a general character, it is hereby agreed that on each occasion
when indentured emigrants are required for a particular British Colony or Protectorate
beyond the seas, His Britannic Majesty’s Minister in Peking shall notify the Chinese -
Government, stating the name of the Treaty port at which it is intended to embark
them, and the terms and conditions on which they are . to be engaged ; the Chinese
Government shall thereupon, without requiring further formalities, immediately
instruct the local authorities at the specified Treaty port to take all the steps
necessary to facilitate emigration. The notification herein referred to shall only be
required once in the case of each Colony or Protectorate, except when emigration
under indenture to that Colony or Protectorate from the specified Treaty port has
not taken place during the preceding three years.
EMIGRATION CONVENTION
Art. II.—On the receipt of the instructions above referred to, the Taotai at the
•port shall at once appoint an officer, to be called the Chinese Inspector; who,
together with the British Consular Officer at the port, or his Delegate, shall make
known by Proclamation and by means of the native press the text of the Indenture
which the emigrant will have to sign, and any particulars of which the Chinese officer
^considers it essential that the emigrant shall be informed, respecting the country to
which the emigrant is to proceed, and respecting its laws.
Art. III.—The British Consular officer at the port, or his Delegate, shall confer
with the Chinese Inspector as to the location and installation of the offices and other
necessary buildings, hereinafter called the Emigration Agency, which shall be erected
or fitted up by the British C4overnment, and at their expense, for the purpose of
carrying on the business of the engagement and shipment of the emigrants, and in
which the Chinese Inspector and his staff shall have suitable accommodation for
carrying on their duties.
Art. IV.—■(!.) There shall be posted up in conspicuous places throughout the
Emigration Agency, and more especially in that part of it called the Depot, destined
for the reception of intending emigrants, copies of the Indenture to be entered into
with the emigrant, drawn up in the English and Chinese languages, together with
copies of the special Ordinance, if any, relating to immigration into the particular
Colony or Protectorate for which the emigrants are required.
(2.) There shall be kept a Register in English and in Chinese, in which the names
of intending indentured emigrants shall be inscribed, and in this Register there shall
•not be inscribed the name of any person who is under 20 years of age, unless he
shall have produced proof of his having obtained the consent of his parents or other
lawful guardians to emigrate, or, in default of these, of the Magistrate of the district
to which he belongs. After signature of the Indenture according to the Chinese
manner, the emigrant shall not be permitted to leave the Depfit previously to his
•embarkation, without a pass signed by the Chinese Inspector, and countersigned by
the British Consular Officer or his Delegate, unless he shall have, through the
Chinese Inspector, renounced his agreement and withdrawn his name from the
register of emigrants.
(3.) Before the sailing of the ship each emigrant shall be carefully examined by a
qualified Medical Officer nominated by the British Consular Officer or his Delegate.
The emigrants shall be paraded before the British Consular Officer or bis Delegate
■and the Chinese Inspector or his Delegate, and questioned with a view to ascertain
their perfect understanding of the Indenture.
Art. V.—All ships employed in the conveyance of indentured emigrants from
China under this Convention shall engage and embark them only at a Treaty port,
and shall comply with the Regulations contained in the Schedule hereto annexed and
forming part of the Convention.
Art. VI.—For the better protection of the emigrant, and of any other Chinese
subject who may happen to be residing in the Colony or Protectorate to which the
emigration is to take place, it shall be competent to the Emperor of China to appoint
a Consul or Vice-Consul to watch over their interests and well-being, and such
Consul or Vice-Consul shall have all the rights and privileges accorded to the Consuls
of other nations.
Art. VII.—Every Indenture entered into under the present Articles shall clearly
specify the name of the country for which the labourer is required, the duration of
the engagement, and, if renewable, on what terms, the number of hours of labour
per working day, the nature of the work, the rate of wages and mode of payment,
the rations, clothing, the grant of a free passage out, and, where such is provided for
therein, a free passage back to the port of embarkation in China for himself and family,
right to free medical attendance and medicines, whether in the Colony or Protectorate,
or on the voyage from and to the port of embarkation in China, and any other
advantages to which the emigrant shall be entitled. The Indenture may also
EMIGRATION CONVENTION 59.
provide that the emigrant shall, if considered necessary by the medical authorities*
be vaccinated on his arrival at the Depot, and in the event of such vaccination being
unsuccessful, re-vaccinated on board ship.
Art. VIII.—The Indenture shall be signed, or in cases of illiteracy marked, by
the emigrant after the Chinese manner, in the presence of the British Consular Officer
or his Delegate and of the Chinese Inspector or his Delegate, who shall be respon-
| sible to their respective Governments for its provisions having been clearly and fully
explained to the emigrant previous to signature. To each emigrant there shall be
presented a copy of the Indenture drawn up in English and Chinese. Such Inden-
• ture shall not be considered as definitive or irrevocable until after the embarkation
' of the emigrant.
Art. IX.—In every British Colony or Protectorate to which indentured Chinese
E emigrants proceed, an officer or officers shall be appointed, whose duty it shall be to
\ insure that the emigrant shall have free access to the Courts of Justice to obtain the
I redress for inj uries to his person and property Avhich is secured to all persons’, irrespee-
| tive of race, by the local law.
Art. X.—During the sojourn of the emigrant in the Colony or Protectorate in
1 which he is employed, all possible postal facilities shall be afforded to him for com-
i municating with his native country and for making remittances to his family.
Art. XI.—With regard to the repatriation of the emigrant and his- family
f whether on the expiration of the Indenture or from any legal cause, or in event of
■ his having been invalided from sickness or disablement, it is understood that this shall
I always be to the port of shipment in China, and that in no case shall it take place
1 by any other means than actual conveyance by ship, and payment of money to the
\ returning emigrant in lieu of passage shall not be admissible.
Art. XII.—Nothing in any Indenture framed under these Articles shall
I constitute on the employer a right to transfer the emigrant to another employer
of labour without the emigrant’s free consent and the approval of his Consul or
' Vice-Consul; and should any such transfer or assignment take place, it shall not in .
any way invalidate any of the rights or privileges of the emigrant under the
Indenture.
Art. XIII.—It is agreed that a fee on each indentured emigrant shipped under
the terms of this convention shall be paid to the Chinese Government for expenses of
j inspection, but no payment of any kind shall be made to the Chinese Inspector or
any other official of the Chinese Government at the port of embarkation. I he above-
fee shall be paid into the Customs bank previous to the clearance of the ship, and
shall be calculated at the following rate:—3 Mexican dollars per head for any
number of emigrants not exceeding 10,000, and 2 dollars per head for any number
Iin excess thereof, provided they are shipped at the same Treaty port, and that not more-
than twelve months have elapsed since the date of the last shipment.
Should the port of embarkation have been changed, or a space of more than
i twelve months have elapsed since the date of the last shipment, inspection charges
shall be paid as in the first instance.
Art, XIV.—The English and Chinese text of the present Convention have been
i carefully compared, but in the event of there being any difference of meaning between
them, the sense as expressed in the English text shall be held to be the correct sense.
E* Art. XV.—The present Convention shall come into force on the date of its
V signature and remain in force for four years from that date, and after such period
| of four years it shall be terminable by either of the high contracting parties on
giving one year’s notice.
In witness whereof the Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Convention,.
and have affixed thereto their seals.
I Done at London in four copies (two in. English and two in Chinese), this
■ thirteenth day of May of the year 1904.
(Signed) Lansdowne.
T. Y, Chang.
-60 EMIGRATION CONVENTION
SCHEDULE
Regulations
Ships employed in the transport of indentured emigrants from China under this
Convention must be seaworthy, clean, and properly ventilated, and with regard to
the following matters, shall comply with conditions as far as possible equivalent to
-those in force in British India with reference to the emigration of natives fromlndia:—
Accommodation required on board (vide Section 57 of “ The Indian Emigration
Act, 1883”).
Sleeping accommodation consisting of wooden sheathing to the decks or
sleeping platforms (vide rule regarding “iron decks,” as amended the 16th August,
1902, in Schedule “A” to the rules under “The Indian Emigration Act, 1883”).
Rules as to space on board (vide Section 58 of “ The Indian Emigration
Act, 1883”).
Carriage of qualified surgeon, with necessary medical stores.
Storage of drinking water (vide Rule 113, as amended the 24th February, 1903,
under “ The Indian Emigration Act, 1883 ”).
Provision of adequate distilling apparatus (vide Schedule “ C ” to the rules
under “ The Indian Emigration Act, 1883 ”).
The dietary for each indentured emigrant on board ship shall be as follows per
Rice, not less than 1| lb., or flour or bread stuffs 111b
Fish (dried or salt) or meat (fresh or preserved) Of „
Fresh vegetables of suitable kinds If „
Salt 1 oz.
Sugar If »
Chinese tea Of „
Chinese condiments in sufficient quantities.
Water, for drinking and cooking 1 gallon
or such other articles of food as may be substituted for any of the articles enumerat-
ed in the foregoing scale as being in the opinion of the doctor on board equivalent
thereto.
Notes Exchanged Between the Marquess of Lansdowne and the Chinese
Minister on Signing Convention of May 13th, 1904
Foreign Office, London, May 13th, 1904.
Sir,—By Article YI. of the Convention about to be concluded between Great
Britain and China with regard to Chinese subjects leaving the Treaty ports of China
under Indenture for service in British Colonies or Protectorates, it is provided
that:—
“ For the better protection of the emigrant and of any other Chinese subject
who may happen to be residing in the Colony or Protectorate to which the
emigration is to take place, it shall be competent to the Emperor of China to appoint
a Consul or Vice-Consul to watch over their interests and well-being, and such
Consul or Vice-Consul shall have all the rights and privileges accorded to the Consul
of other nations.”
His Majesty’s Government consider it specially important that the persons
appointed to occupy, for the purpose named, the position of Consul or Vice-Consul
.should be experienced officers of Chinese nationality, that they should be exclusively
EMIGBATION CONVENTION—AGREEMENTS RESPECTING TIBET 61
in the service of the Emperor of China, and that in each case the name of the person
•selected should he communicated to His Majesty’s Government, and their agreement
~to the appointment obtained.
I have the honour to inquire whether the Chinese Government are prepared to
meet the wishes of His Majesty’s Government in the matter. If so, and if you will
inform me accordingly, this note and your reply might be attached to the Convention
in order to place on formal record the arrangement concluded.—I have, (Signed) Lansdowne.
Chang Ta-Jen, etc., etc., etc.
Chinese Legation, London,
May 13th, 1904.
My Lord Marquess,—In reply to your Lordship’s note of this date, I have the
honour to state that the Chinese Government are in entire accord with His Britannic
Majesty’s Government as to the great importance they attach to the Consuls and Vice-
Consuls to be appointed under Article VI. of the Convention about to be concluded
between the two Governments being men of great experience, and will consider it a
■dutv which they owe to the emigrant to confine the selection of these officers to such
as in all respects conform to the requirements specified in the note above referred to,
which, together with the present one, it has been mutually agreed shall, in proof of
“that understanding, be appended to the said Convention.—I have, &c.
(Signed) T. Y. Chang.
'!The Marquess of Lansdo\vne, K.G.,
etc., etc., etc.
AGREEMENTS RESPECTING TIBET
Signed at Peking, April 27th, 1906
To Which is Annexed the Convention Between the United Kingdom
and Tibet, Signed at Lhasa, September 7th, 1904
Ratifications exchanged at London, July 23rd, 1906
Whereas His Majesty the King of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British
^ Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, and His Majesty the Emperor of China
; -are sincerely desirous to maintain and perpetuate the relations of friendship and
■ good understanding whicli now exist between their respective Empires ;
And whereas the refusal of Tibet to recognise the validity of or to carry into
|1 full effect the provisions of the Anglo-Chinese Convention of March 17th, 1890, and
Regulations of December 5th, 1893, placed the British Government under the necessity
' of taking steps to secure their rights and interests under the said Convention and
‘ Regulations;
62 AGREEMENTS RESPECTING TIBET
And whereas a Convention of ten articles was signed at Lhasa on September
7th, 1904, on behalf of Great Britain and Tibet, and was ratified by the Viceroy and
Governor-General of India on behalf of Great Britain on November 11th, 1904, ar
declaration on behalf of Great Britain modifying its terms under certain conditions,
being appended thereto;
His Britannic Majesty and His Majesty the Emperor of China have resolved to-
conclude a Convention on this subject, and have for this purpose named Plenipoten-
tiaries, that is to say:—
His Majesty the King of Great Britain and Ireland:
Sir Ernest Mason Satow, Knight Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order
of Saint Michael and Saint George, His said Majesty’s Envoy Extraordinary-
' and Minister Plenipotentiary to His Majesty the Emperor of China; and
His Majesty the Emperor of China:
His Excellency Tang Shao-yi, His said Majesty’s Hisrh Commissioner Pleni-
potentiary and a Vice-President of the Board of Foreign Affairs;
Who, having communicated to each other their respective full powers and find-
ing them to be in good and true form, have agreed upon and concluded the follow-
ing Convention in Six Articles:—
Art. I.—The Convention concluded on September 7th, 1904, by Great Britain
and Tibet, the texts of which in English and Chinese are attached to the present
Convention as an Annex, is hereby confirmed, subject to the modification stated in
the declaration appended thereto, and both of the High Contracting Parties engage
to take at all times such steps as may be necessary to secure the due fulfilment of the-
terms specified therein.
Art. II.—The Government of Great Britain engages not to annex Tibetan
territory or to interfere in the administration of Tibet. The Government of China
also undertakes not to permit any other foreign State to interfere with the territory
or internal administration of Tibet.
Art. III.—The concessions which are mentioned in Article 9 (d) of the Con-
vention concluded on September 7th, 1904, by Great Britain and Tibet are denied to
any State or to the subject of any State other than China, but it has been arranged
with China that at the trade marts specified in Article 2 of the aforesaid Convention
Great Britain shall be entitled to lay down telegraph lines connecting with India.
Art. IV.—The provisions of the Anglo-Chinese Convention of 1890 and
Regulations of 1893 shall, subject to the terms of this present Convention and'
Annex thereto, remain in full force.
Art. V.—The English and Chinese texts of the present Convention have been
carefully compared and found to correspond, but in the event of there being any
difference of meaning between them the English text shall be authoritative.
Art. VI.—This Convention shall be ratified by the Sovereigns of both countries
and ratifications shall be exchanged in London within three months after the date
of signature by the Plenipotentiaries of both Powers.
In token whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed this
Convention, four copies in English and four in Chinese.
Done at Peking this twenty-seventh day of April, one thousand nine hundred
and six, being the fourth day of the fourth month of the thirty-second year of the-
reign of Kuang Hsu.
[l.s.] Ernest Satow.
(Signature and Seal of the Chinese
Plenipotentiary.)
AGREEMENTS RESPECTING TIBET 63
Signed at Lhasa, 7th September, 1904
Whereas doubts and difficulties have arisen as to the meaning and validity of the
Anglo-Chinese Convention of 1890, and the Trade Regulations of 1893, and as to the
liabilities of the Tibetan Government under these agreements; and whereas recent
occurrences have tended towards a disturbance of the relations of friendship and good
understanding which have existed between the British Government and the Government
of Tibet; and whereas it is desirable to restore peace and amicable relations and to
resolve and determine the doubts and difficulties as aforesaid, the said Governments
have resolved to conclude a Convention with these objects, and the following Articles
have been agreed upon by Colonel F. E. Younghusband, C.I.E., in virtue of full powers
•vested in him by His Britannic Majesty’s Government and on behalf of that said
Government, and Lo-Sang Gyal-Tsen, the Ga-denTi-Rimpoche, and the representatives
of the Council of the three monasteries Se-ra, Dre-pung, and Ga-den, and of the
•ecclesiastical and lay officials of the National Assembly on behalf of the Government
of Tibet:—
I. —The Government of Tibet engages to respect the Anglo-
1890 and to recognise the frontier between Sikkim and Tibet, as defined in Article 1.
of the said Convention, and to erect boundary pillars accordingly.
II. —The Tibetan Government undertakes to open forth
-all British and Tibetan subjects shall have free right of access at Gyaugtse and Gartok,
as well as at Yatung.
The Regulations applicable to the trade mart at.Yatung,under the Anglo-Chinese
Agreement of 1893, shall, subject to such amendments as may hereafter be agreed upon
by common consent between the British and Tibetan Governments, apply to the marts
above mentioned.
In addition to establishing trade marts at the places mentioned, the Tibetan
“Government undertakes to place no restrictions on the trade by existing routes, and to
consider the question of establishing fresh trade marts under similar conditions if
development of trade requires it.
III. —The question of the amendment of the Regula
separate consideration, and the Tibetan Government undertakes to appoint fully
authorised delegates to negotiate with representatives of the British Government as
to the details of the amendments required.
IY.—The Tibetan Government undertakes to levy no dues of any kind other than
'those provided for in the tariff to be mutually7 agreed upon.
V. —The Tibetan Government undertakes to keep the
Gartok from the frontier clear of all obstruction and in a state of repair suited to the
needs of the trade, and to establish at Yatung, Gyangtse and Gartok, and at each of
the other trade marts that may hereafter be established, a Tibetan Agent who shall
receive from the British Agent appointed to watch over British trade at the marts in
question any letter which the latter may desire to send to the Tibetan or to the Chinese
authorities. The Tibetan Agent shall also be responsible for the due delivery of such
communications and for the transmission of replies.
VI. —As an indemnity to the British Government for
despatch of armed troops to Lhasa, to exact reparation for breaches of treaty obligations,
.and for the insults offered to and attacks upon the British Commissioner and his
following and escort, the Tibetan Government engages to pay a sum of Pounds five
hundred thousand, equivalent to Rupees seventy-five lakhs, to the British Government.
The indemnity shall be payable at such place as the British Government may
from time to time, after due notice, indicate, whether in Tibet or in the British districts
of Darjeeling or Jalpaiguri, in seventy-five annual instalments of Rupees one lakh each
on the 1st January in each year, beginning from the 1st January, 1906.
VII. —As security for the payment of the above-men
f ulfilmentof the provisions relative to trade marts specified in Articles II.,III., IV., and V.,
61 AGREEMENTS RESPECTING TIBET
the British Government shall continue to occupy the Chumbi Yalley until the-
indemnity has been paid and until the trade marts have been effectively opened for
three years, whichever date may be the later.
VIII. —The Tibetan Government agrees to raze all fo
remove all armaments which might impede the course of free communications between
the British frontier and the towns of Gyangtse and Lhasa.
IX. —The Government of Tibet engages that, without the
British Government—
(a) No portion of Tibetan territory shall be ceded, sold, leased, mortgaged, or*
otherwise given for occupation, to any foreign Power;
(i) No such Power shall be permitted to intervene in Tibetan affairs;
(c) No representatives or agents of any foreign Power shall be admitted to Tibet;1
(d) No concessions for railways, roads, telegraphs, mining or other right, shall
be granted to any foreign Power, or the subject of any foreign Power. In the event
of consent to such concessions being granted, similar or equivalent concessions shall
be granted to the British Government;
(e) No Tibetan revenues, whether in kind or in cash, shall be pledged or assigned
to any foreign Power, or the subject of any foreign Power.
X. —In witness whereof the negotiators have signed the sam
unto the seals of their arms.
Done in quintuplicate at Lhasa, this 7th day of September, in the year of our
Lord one thousand nine hundred and four, corresponding with the Tibetan date,,
the 27th day of the seventh month of the Wood Dragon year.
Arrangement Between Great Britain and Russia Concerning Tibet
The Governments of Britain and Russia recognizing the suzerain rights of China,
in Tibet, and considering the fact that Great Britain, by reason of her geographical
position, has a special interest in the maintenance of the status quo in the external
relations of Tibet, have made the following Arrangement:—
I. —The two High Contracting Parties engage to respect the
of Tibet and to abstain from all interference in its internal administration.
II. —In conformity with the admitted principle of the suze
Tibet, Great Britain and Russia engage not to enter into negotiations with Tibet
except through the intermediary of the Chinese Government. This engagement doe®,
not exclude the direct relations between British Commercial Agents and the Tibetan
authorities provided for in Article Y. of the Convention between Great Britain and
Tibet of September 7th, 1904, and confirmed by the Convention between Great
Britain and China of April 27th, 1906; nor does it modify the engagements entered
into by Great Britain and China in Article I. of the said Convention of 1906.
It is clearly understood that Buddhists, subjects of Great Britain or of Russia,
may enter into direct relations on strictly religious matters with the Dalai Lama and
the other representatives of Buddhism fn Tibet; the Governments of Great Britain
and Russia engage, as far as they are concerned, not to allow those relations to'
infringe the stipulations of the present arrangement.
HI.—The British and Russian Governments respectively engage not to send
representatives to Lhasa.
IY.—The two High Contracting Parties engage neither to seek nor to obtain,
whether for themselves or their subjects, any concessions for railways, roads, tele-
graphs and mines, or other rights in Tibet.
Y.—The two Governments agree that no part of the revenues of Tibet, whether
in kind or in cash, shall be pledged or assigned to Great Britain or Russia or to any
of their subjects.
AGREEMENTS RESPECTING TIBET
Annex
Great Britain reaffirms the Declaration, signed by His Excellency the Vicerov
and Governor-General of India and appended to the ratification of the Convention of
September 7th, 1904, to the effect that the occupation of the Chumbi Valley by
British forces shall cease after the payment of three annual instalments of the
indemnity of 25,000,000 Bupees, provided that the trade marts mentioned in Article
II. of that Convention have been effectively opened for three years, and that in the
meantime the Tibetan authorities have faithfully complied in all respects -with the
terms of the said Convention of 1904. It is clearly understood that if the occupa-
tion of the Chumbi Valley by the British forces has, for any reason, not been
terminated at the time anticipated in the above Declaration, the British and Bussian
Governments will enter upon a friendly exchange of views on this subject.
The present Convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications exchanged at St.
Petersburg as soon as possible.
In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present
Convention and affixed thereto their seals.
Done in duplicate at St. Petersburg, the 18th (31st) August, 1907.
[L.S.] A. Nicolson.
[Ij.S.] • IsWOLSKY.
St. Petersburg, August \Stli (31s<), 1907
M. le Ministre,—With reference to the Arrangement regarding Tibet, signed to-
day, I have the honour to make the following Declaration to your Excellency :—
“ His Britannic Majesty’s Government think it desirable, so far as they are
concerned, not to allow, unless by a previous agreement with the Bussian Government,
for a period of three years from the date of the present communication, the entrv
into Tibet of any scientific mission whatever, on condition that a like assurance is
given on the part of the Imperial Bussian Government.
“ His Britannic Majesty’s Government propose, moreover, to approach the
Chinese Government with a view to induce them to accept a similiar obligation for a
corresponding Period; the Bussian Government will, as a matter of course, take
similar action.
“At the expiration of the term of three years above mentioned His Britannic
Majesty’s Government will, if necessary, consult with the Bussian Government as to
the desirability of any ulterior measures with regard to scientific expeditions to Tibet.”
I have, etc.,
A. Nicolson.
St. Petersburg, August ISth (31st), 1907
M. 1’Ambassadeur, —In reply to your Excellency’s note of even date. I have the
honour to declare that the Imperial Bussian Government think it desirable, so far as
they are concerned, not to allow, unless by a previous agreement with the British
Government, for a period of three years from the date of the present communication,
the entry into Tibet of any scientific mission whatever.
Like the British Government, the Imperial Government propose to approach the
Chinese Government with a view to induce them to accept a similar obligation for a
corresponding period.
It is understood that at the expiration of the term of three years the two
Governments will, if necessary, consult with each other as to the desirability of any
ulterior measures with regard to scientific expeditions to Tibet.
I have, etc.,
Iswolsky.
3
OPIUM AGREEMENT
[Done at Peking, May 8th, 1911]
Tinder the arrangement concluded between His Majesty’s Government and the
Chinese Government three years ago, His Majesty’s Government undertook that if
during the period of three years from January 1st, 1908, the Chinese Government
should duly carry out the arrangement on their part for reducing the production
and consumption of opium in China, they would continue in the same proportion of
ten per cent, the annual diminution of the export of opium from India, until the
completion of the full period of ten years in 1917.
His Majesty’s Government, recognizing the sincerity of the Chinese Govern-
ment, and their pronounced success in diminishing the production of opium in China
during the past three years, are prepared to continue the arrangement of 1907 for
the unexpired period of seven years on the following conditions:—
I. —From the first of Januarv, 1911, China shall diminish a
years the production of opium in China in the same proportion as the annual export
from India is diminished in accordance with the terms of Agreement and of the
Annex appended hereto until total extinction in 1917.
II. — The Chinese Government have adopted a most rigorous
ing the production, the transport and the smoking of native opium, and His
Majesty’s Government have expressed their agreement therewith and willingness to
give every assistance. With a view to facilitating the continuance of this work, His
Majesty’s Government agree that the export of opium from India to China shall
cease in less than seven years if clear proof is given of the complete absence of
native opium in China.
III. —His Majesty’s Government further agree that Indi
conveyed into any province in China which can establish by clear evidence that it
has effectively suppressed the cultivation and import of native opium.
It is understood, however, that the closing of the ports of Canton and Shanghai
to the import of Indian opium shall not take effect except as the final step on the
part of the Chinese Government for the completion of the above measure.
IV. —During the period of this Agreement it shall be
Majesty’s Government to obtain continuous evidence of this diminution by local
enquiries and investigation conducted by one or more British officials accompanied,
if the Chinese Government so desire, by a Chinese official. Their decision as to the
extent of cultivation shall be accepted by both parties to this Agreement.
During the above period one or more British officials shall be given facilities for
reporting on the taxation and trade restrictions on opium away from the Treaty
ports.
V. —By the arrangement of 1907 His -Majesty’s Governm
despatch by China of an official to India to watch the opium sales on condition that
such official would have no power of interference. His Majesty’s Government
further agree that the official so despatched may be present at the packing of opium
on the same condition.
OPIUM AGREEMENT 67
VI. —The Chinese Government undertake to levy a un
grown in the Chinese Empire. His Majesty’s Government consent to increase the
present consolidated import duty on Indian opium to TIs. 350 per chest of 100
catties, such increase to take effect as soon as the Chinese Government levy an
equivalent excise tax on all native opium.
VII. —On confirmation of this Agreement and begin
the new rate of consolidated import duty, China will at once cause to be withdrawn
all restrictions placed by the Provincial authorities on the wholesale trade in Indian
opium, such as those recently imposed at Canton and elsewhere, and also all taxation
on the wholesale trade other than the consolidated import duty, and no such
restrictions or taxation shall be again imposed so long as the Additional Article to
the Cliefoo Agreement remains as at present in force.
It is also understood that Indian raw opium having paid the consolidated
import duty shall be exempt from anv further taxation whatsoever in the port of
import.
Should the conditions contained in the above two clauses not be duly observed.
His Majesty’s Government shall be at liberty to suspend or terminate this
Agreement at any time.
The foregoing stipulations shall not derogate in any manner from the f >rce of
the laws already published or hereafter to be published by the Imperial Chinese
Government to suppress the smoking of opium and to regulate the retail trade in
the drug in general.
VIII. —With a view to assisting China in the
Majesty’s Government undertake that from the year 1911 the Government of India
will issue an export permit with a consecutive number for each chest of Indian
opium declared for shipment to or for consumption in China.
During the year 1911 the number of permits so issued shall not exceed 30,600
and shall be progressively reduced annually by 5,100 during the remaining six years
ending 1917.
A copy of each permit so issued shall, before shipment of opium declared for
shipment to or consumption in China, be handed to the Chinese official for trans-
mission to his Government, or to the Customs authorities in China.
His Majesty’s Government undertake that each chest of opium for which such
permit has been granted shall be sealed by an official deputed by the Indian
Government in the presence of the Chinese official if so requested.
The Chinese Government undertake that chests of opium so sealed and
accompanied by such permits may be imported into any Treaty Port of China
without let or hindrance if such seals remain unbroken.
IX. —Should it appear on subsequent experience desi
the unexpired portion of seven years to modify this Agreement or any part thereof,
it may be revised by mutual consent of the two high contracting parties.
X. —This Agreement shall come into force on the date of
In witness whereof the undersigned, duly authorized thereto by their respective
Governments, have signed the same and have affixed thereto their seals.
Done at Peking in quadruplicate (four in English and four in Chinese) this
eighth day of May, one thousand nine hundred and eleven, being the tenth day of
the fourth month of the third year of Hsuan T’ung.
[i,.s.] J. N. Jordan. [l.s.] Tsou Chia-Lai.
3*
OPIUM AGREEMENT
Annex- ...
On the date of the signature of tlie Agreement a lis1 shall be taken by the
Commissioners of Customs acting in concert with the Colonial and Consular officials
of all uncertified Indian opium in bond at the Treaty Ports and of all uncertified
opium in stock in Hongkong which is bond fide intended for the Chinese market,
and all such opium shall be marked with labels and on payment of Tls. 110 con-
solidated import duty shall bo entitled to the same Treaty rights and privileges in
China as certificated opium.
Opium so marked and in stock in Hongkong must be exported to a Chinese
port within seven days of the signature of the Agreement.
All other uncertificated Indian opium shall for a period of two months from the
date of the signature of the Agreement be landed at the ports of Shanghai and Canton
only, and at the expiration of this period all Treaty Ports shall be closed to uncerti-
ficated opium provided the Chinese : Government have obtained the consent of the
other Treaty Powers.
The Imperial Maritime Cusloms shall keep a return of all unceftificated opium
landed at Shanghai and Canton during this period of two months, other than opium
marked and labelled as provided above, and such opiutn shall pay the new rate of
consolidated import duty and shall not be re-exported in bond to other Treaty ports.
In addition to the annual reduction of 5,100 chests already agreed upon, His
Maiesty’s Government agree further to reduce the import of Indian opium during
each of the years 1912, 1913 and 1914 by an amount equal to one-third of the total
ascertained amount of the uncertificated Indian opium in bond in Chinese Treaty
Ports, and in stock in Hongkong on the date of signature, plus one-third of the
amount of uncertificated Indian opium landed during the ensuing two months at
Shanghai and Canton.
Done at Peking this eighth day of May one thousand nine hundred and eleven,
being the tenth day of the fourth month of the third year of Hsuan T’ung.
[L.S.] J. N. JOEDAN. [l.s.] Tsou Chia-Lai.
FRANCE
TREATY OF PEACE, FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND
NAVIGATION BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA
Signed, in the French and Chinese Languages, at Tientsin, 27th June, 1858
Ratifications Exchanged at Pelting, 25th October, 1860
His Majesty the Emperor of the French and His Majesty the Emperor of China,
being desirous to put an end to the existing misunderstanding between the two
Empires, and wishing to re-establish and improve the relations of friendship, com-
merce, and navigation between the two Powers, have resolved to conclude a new
Treaty based on the common interest of the two countries, and for that purpose have
named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say:—
His Majesty the Emperor of the French, Baron Gros, Grand Officer of the Legion
of Honour, G-rand Cross of the Order of the Saviour of Greece, Commander of the
Order of the Conception of Portugal, etc., etc., etc.
And His Majesty the Emperor of China, Kweiliang, Imperial High Commis-
sioner of the Ta-Tsing Dynasty, Grand Minister of the East Palace, Director-General
of the Council of Justice, etc., elc., etc.; and Hwashana, Imperial High Commissioner
of the Ta-Tsing Dynasty, President , of the Board of Finance, Genei*al of the Bordered
Blue Banner of the Chinese Banner Force, etc., etc., etc.;
Who, having exchanged their full powers, which they have found in good and
•due form, have agreed upon the following Articles—
Art. I.—There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between His Majesty the
Emperor of the French and His Majesty the Emperor of China, and between the
subjects of the two Empires, who shall enjoy equally in the respective States of the
high contracting parties full and entire protection for their persons and property.
Art. II.—In order to maintain the peace so happily re-established between the
two empires it has been agreed between the high contracting parties that, following
in this respect the practice amongst Western nations, the duly accredited diplomatic
agents of His Maj esty the Emperor of the French and of His Majesty the Emperor of China
shall have the right of resorting to the capital of the empire when important affairs
call them there. It is agreed between the high contracting parties that if any one
of the Powers having a treaty with China obtains for its diplomatic agents the right
of permanently residing at Peking, France shall immediately enjoy the same right.
The diplomatic agents shall reciprocally enjoy, in the place of their residence,
the privileges and immunities accorded to them by international law, that is to say,
that their persons, their families, their houses, and their correspondence, shall be
inviolable, that they may take into their service such employes, couriers, interpreters,
servants, etc., etc., as shall be necessary to them.
The expense of every kind occasioned by the diplomatic mission of France in
•China shall be defrayed by the French Government. The diplomatic agents whom
70 TREATY BETWEEN PRANCE AND CHINA
it shall please the Emperor of China to accredit to His Majesty the Emperor of
the French, shall be received in France with all the honours and prerogatives which
the diplomatic agents of other nations accredited to the Court of His Majesty the
Emperor of the French enjoy.
Art. III.—The official communications of the French diplomatic and consular
agents with the Chinese authorities shall be written in French, but shall be accom-
panied, to facilitate the service, by a Chinese translation, as exact as possible, until
such time as the Imperial Gl-overnment at Peking, having interpreters speaking
and writing French correctly, diplomatic correspondence shall be conducted in this
language by the French agents and in Chinese by the officers of the Empire.
It is agreed* that until then, and in case of difference in the interpretation, in
reference to the French text and Chinese text of the clauses heretofore agreed upon
in the conventions made by common accord, it shall always be the original text and
not the translation which shall be held correct. This provision applies to the
present Treaty, and in the communications between the authorities of the two
countries it shall always be the original text, not the translation, which shall be
held correct.
Art. IY.—Henceforth the official correspondence between the authorities and the
officers of the two countries shall be regulated according to their respective ranks and
conditions and upon the basis of the most absolute reciprocity. This correspondence
shall take place between the high French officers and high Chinese officers, in
the capital or elsewhere, by dispatch or communication; between the French sub-
ordinate officers and the high authorities in the provinces, on the part of the former
by statement,
Between theand officers
on the part of therank
of lower latterof bythedeclaration.
two nations, as above provided, on
the footing of a perfect equality.
Merchants and generally all persons not having an official character shall on both
sides use the form of representation in all documents addressed to or intended for the
noticeWhenever
of the respective
a Frenchauthorities.
subject shall have recourse to the Chinese authority, his
representation shall first be submitted to the Consul, who, if it appears to him
reasonable and properly addressed, shall forward it; if it be otherwise, the Consul
shall cause the tenour to be modified or refuse to transmit it. The Chinese, on their
part, when they have to address a Consulate, shall follow a similar course towards
the Chinese authority, who shall act in the same manner.
Art. V.—His Majesty the Emperor of the French may appoint Consuls or Con-
sular Agents in the coast and river ports of the Chinese empire named in Article VI.
of the present Treaty to conduct the business between the Chinese authorities and
French merchants and subjects and to see to the strict observance of the stipulated
rules. These officers shall be treated with the consideration and regard which are-
due to them. Their relations with the authorities of the place of their residence
shall be established on the footing of the most perfect equality. If they shall have
to complain of the proceedings of the said authorities, they may address the superior
authority of the province direct, and shall immediately advise the Minister Plenipo-
tentiary of the Emperor thereof.
In' case of the absence of the French Consul, captains and merchants shall be
at liberty to have recourse to the intervention of the Consul of a friendly Power, or,
if this be impossible, they shall have recourse to the chief of the Customs, who shall
advise as to the means of assuring to the said captains and merchants the benefits of
the present Treaty.
Art. VI.—Experience having demonstrated that the opening of new ports to
foreign commerce is one of the necessities of the age, it has been agreed that the
forts” of Kiung-ehow and Chao-chow in the province of Kwangtung, Taiwan and
Tamsui in the island of Formosa (province of Fohkien), Tang-chow in the pro-
vince of Shantung, and Nanking in the province of Kiangsu, shall enjoy the same
privileges as Canton, Shanghai, JSTingpo, Amoy, and Foochow. With regard to
TREATY BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA 71
Nanking, the French agents in China shall not deliver passports to their nationals
for this city until the rebels have been expelled by the Imperial troops.
Art. VII.—French subjects and their families may establish themselves and
trade or pursue their avocations in all security, and without hindrance of any kind
in the ports and cities enumerated in the preceding Article.
They may travel freely between them if they are provided with passports, but
it is expressly forbidden to them to trade elsewhere on the coast in search of
clandestine markets, under pain of confiscation of both the ships and goods used in
such operations, and this confiscation shall be for the benefit of the Chinese Govern-
ment, who, however, before the seizure and confiscation can be legally pronounced,
must advise the French Consul at the nearest port.
Art. VIII.—French subjects who wish to go to interior towns, or ports not open
to foreign vessels, may do so in all security, on the express condition that they are
provided with passports written in French and Chinese, legally delivered by the
diplomatic agents or Consuls of France in China and vised by the Chinese authorities.
In case of the loss of his passport, the French subject who cannot present it
when it is legally required of him shall, if the Chinese authorities of the place refuse
him permission to remain a sufficient time to obtain another passport from the
■Consul, be conducted to the nearest Consulate and shall not be maltreated or insulted
in any way.
As is stipulated in the former Treaties, French subjects resident or sojourning
in the ports open to foreign trade may travel without passports in their immediate
neighbourhood and there pursue their occupations as freely as the natives, but they
must not pass certain limits which shall be agreed upon between the Consul and the
local authority. The French agents in China shall deliver passports to their
nationals only for the places where the rebels are not established at the time the
passport shall be demanded.
These passports shall be delivered by the French authorities only to persons
who offer every desirable guarantee.
Art. IX.—All changes made by common consent with one of the signatory Powers
of the treaties with China on the subject of amelioration of the tariff now in force, or
which may hereafter be in force, as also all rights of customs, tonnage, importation,
transit, and exportation, shall be immediately applicable to French trade and mer-
chants by the mere fact of their being placed in execution.
Art. X.—Any French subject who, conformably to the stipulations of Article
VI. of the present Treaty, shall arrive at one of the ports open to foreign trade, may,
whatever may be the length of his sojourn, rent houses and warehouses for the
disposal of his merchandise, or lease land and himself build houses and warehouses.
French subjects may, in the same manner, establish churches, hospitals, religious
houses, schools, and cemeteries. To this end the local authority, after having
agreed with the Consul, shall designate the quarters most suitable for the residence
•of the French and the sites on which the above-mentioned structures may have
place.
The terms of rents and leases shall be freely discussed between the interested
parties and regulated, as far as possible, according to the average local rates.
The Chinese authorities shall prevent their nationals from exacting or requiring
exorbitant prices, and the Consul on his side shall see that French subjects use no
violence or constraint to force the consent of the proprietors. It is further under-
stood that the number of houses and the extent of the ground to be assigned to
French subjects in the ports open to foreign trade shall not be limited, and that they
shall be determined according to the needs and convenience of the parties. If Chinese
subjects injure or destroy French churches or cemeteries, the guilty parties shall be
punished with all the rigour of the laws of the country.
Art. XI.—French subjects in the ports open to foreign trade may freely engage,
on the terms agreed upon between the parties, or by the sole intervention of the
Consul, compradores, interpreters, clerks, workmen, watermen, and servants. They
shall also have the right of engaging teachers in order to learn to speak and write
72 TREATY BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA
the Chinese language and any other language or dialect used in the empire,
as also to secure their aid in scientific or literary works. Equally they may teach to
Chinese subjects their own or foreign languages and sell without obstacle French
books-or themselves purchase Chinese books of all descriptions.
Art. XII.—Property of any kind appertaining to French subjects in the Chinese
empire shall be considered by the Chinese inviolable and shall always be respected
by them. The Chinese authorities shall not, under any circumstances whatever,
place French vessels under embargo nor put them under requisition for any service,
be it public or private.
Art. XIII.—The Christian religion having for its essential object the leading of
men to virtue, the members of all Christian communities shall enjoy entire security
for their persons and property and the free exercise of their religion, and efficient
protection shall be given the missionaries who travel peaceably in the interior
furnished with passports as provided for in Article VIII.
No hindrance shall be offered by the authorities of the Chinese Empire to the
recognised right of every individual in China to embrace, if he so pleases, Chris-
tianity, and to follow its practices without being liable to any punishment therefor.
All that has previously been written, proclaimed, or published in China by
order of the G-overnment against the Christian religion is completely abrogated and
remains null and void in all provinces of the empire.
Art. XIV.—No privileged commercial society shall henceforward be established
in China, and the same shall apply to any organised coalition having for its end the
exercise of a monopoly of trade. In case of the contravention of the present article
the Chinese Authorities, on the representations of the Consul or Consular Agent,
shall advise as to the means of dissolving such associations, of which they are also
bound to prevent the existence by the preceding prohibitions, so as to remove all that
may stand in the way of free competition.
Art. XV.—When a French vessel arrives in the waters of one of the ports open
to foreign trade she shall be at liberty to engage any pilot to take her immediately
into the port, and, in the same manner, when, having discharged all legal charges
she shall be ready to put to sea, she shall not be refused pilots to enable her to
leave the port without hindrance or delay.
Any individual who wishes to exercise the profession of pilot for French vessels
may, on the presentation of three certificates from captains of ships, be commissioned
by the French Consul in the same manner as shall be in use with other nations.
The remuneration payable to pilots shall be equitably regulated for each parti-
cular port by the Consul or Consular Agent, who shall fix it, having regard to the
distance and circumstances of the navigation.
Art. XVI.—After the pilot has brought a French trading ship into the port,
the Superintendent of Customs shall depute one or two officers to guard the ship and
prevent fraud. These officers may, according to their convenience, remain in their
own boat or stay on board the ship.
Their pay, food, and expenses shall be a charge on the Chinese Customs, and
they shall not demand any fee or remuneration whatever from the captain or consignee.
Every contravention of this provision shall entail a punishment proportionate to the
amount exacted, which also shall be returned in full.
Art. XVII.—Within the twenty-four hours following the arrival of a French
merchant vessel in one of the ports open to foreign trade, the captain, if he be not
unavoidably prevented, and in his default the supercargo or consignee, shall report
at the French Consulate and place in the hands of the Consul the ship’s papers, the
bills of lading, and the manifest. Within the twenty-four hours next following the
Consul shall send to the Superintendent of Customs a detailed note indicating the
name of the vessel, the articles, the tonnage, and the nature of the cargo ; if, in
consequence of the negligence of the captain this cannot be accomplished within the
forty-eight hours following the arrival of the vessel, the captain shall be liable to a
penalty of 50 Dollars for each day’s delay, to the profit of the Chinese Government,
but the said penalty shall in no case exceed the sum of 200 Dollars.
TREATY BETWEEN PRANCE AND CHINA 73
Immediately after the reception of the consular note the Superintendent of
Customs shall give a permit to open hatches. If the captain, before having received
the said permit, shall have opened hatches and commenced to discharge, he may
be fined 500 Dollars, and the goods discharged may be seized, the whole to the. profit
of the Chinese Giovernment.
Art. XVIII.—French captains and merchants may hire whatever boats and
lighters they please for the transport of goods and passengers, and the sum to be
paid for such boats shall be settled between the parties themselves, without the
intervention of the Chinese authority, and consequently without its guarantee in case
of accident, fraud, or disappearance of the said boats. The number of these boats
shall not be limited, nor shall a monopoly in respect either of the boats or of the
carriage of merchandise by porters be granted to any one.
Art. XIX.—Whenever a French merchant shall have merchandise to load or
discharge he shall first remit a detailed note of it to the Consul or Consular Agent,
who will immediately charge a recognised interpreter to the Consulate to communicate
it to the Superintendent of Customs. The latter shall at once deliver a permit for
shipping or landing the goods. He will then proceed to the verification of the goods
in such manner that there shall be no chance of loss to any party.
The French merchant must cause himself to be represented (if he does not prefer
to attend himself) at the place of the verification by a person possessing the requisite
knowledge to protect his interest at the time when the verification for the liquida-
tion of the dues is made; otherwise any after claim will be null and of no effect.
With respect to goods subject to an ad valorem duty, if the merchant cannot
agree with the Chinese officers as to their value, then each party shall call in two or
three merchants to examine the goods, and the highest price which shall be offered
by any of them shall be assumed as the value of the said goods.
Duties shall be charged on the net weight; the tare will therefore be deducted.
If the French merchant cannot agree with the Chinese officer on the amount
of tare, each party shall choose a certain number of chests and bales from among the
goods respecting which there is a dispute; these shall be first weighed gross, then
tared and the average tare of these shall be taken as the tare for all the others.
If during the course of verification any difficulty arises which cannot be settled,
the French merchant may claim the intervention of the Consul, who will immediately
bring the subject of dispute to the notice of the Superintendent of Customs, and both
will endeavour to arrive at an amicable arrangement, but the claim must be made
within twenty-four hours; otherwise it will not receive attention. So long as the
result of the dispute remains pending, the Superintendent of Customs shall not enter
the matter in his books, thus leaving every latitude for the examination and solution
of the difficulty.
On goods imported which have sustained damage a reduction of duties propor-
tionate to their depreciation shall be made. This shall be equitably determined, and,
if necessary, in the manner above stipulated for the fixing of ad valorem duties.
Art. XX.—Any vessel having entered one of the ports of China, and which has
not yet used the permit to open hatches mentioned in Article XIX., may within two
days of arrival quit that port and proceed to another without having to pay either
tonnage dues or Customs duties, but will discharge them ultimately in the port where
sale of the goods is effected.
Art. XXI.—It is established by common consent that import duties shall be
discharged by the captains or French merchants after the landing and verification
of the goods. Export duties shall in the same manner be paid on the shipment of
the goods. When all tonnage dues and Customs duties shall have been paid in full
by a French vessel the Superintenent of Customs shall give a general aquittance, on
the exhibition of which the Consul shall return the ship’s papers to the captain and
permit him to depart on his voyage. The Superintendent of Customs shall name
one or several banks, which shall be authorised to receive the sum due by French
merchants on account of the Government, and the receipts of these banks for all
payments which have been made to them shall be considered as receipts of the
74 TEEATY BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA
Chinese Government. These payments may be made in ingots or foreign money,
the relative value of which to sycee shall be determined by agreement between the
Consul or Consular Agent and the Superintendent of Customs in the different ports,
according to time, place, and circumstances.
Art. XXII.—^After the expiration of the two davs named in Art. XX., and
before proceeding to discharge her cargo, every vessel shall pay tonnage-dues accord-
ing to the following scale :—Vessels of one hundred and fifty tons and upwards at
the rate of four mace per ton; vessels of less than one hundred and fifty tons mea-
surement at the rate of one mace per ton.
Any vessel clearing from any of the open ports of China for any other of the
open ports, or trading between China and such ports in Cochin-China as belong to
France, or any port in Japan, shall be entitled, on application of tin' master, to
a special certificate from the Superintendent of Customs, on exhibition of which
the said vessel shall be exempted from all further payment of tonnage- lues in any
open port of China for a period of four months, to be reckoned from the date of
her port-clearance; but after the expiration of four months she shall be required to-
pay tonnage-dues again.
Small French vessels and boats of every class, whether with or without sails,
shall be reckoned as coming within the category of vessels of one hundred and fifty
tons and under, and shall pay tonnage-dues at the rate of one mace per ton once in
every four months.
Native craft chartered by French merchants shall in like manner pay tonnage-
dues once in every four months.
Art. XXIII.—All French goods, after having discharged the Customs duties
according to the tariff in one of the ports of China, may be transported into the interior
without being subjected to any further charge except the transit dues according to
the amended scale now in force, which dues shall not be augmented in the future.
If the Chinese Customs Agents, contrary to the tenour of the present Treaty,
make illegal exactions or levy higher dues, they shall be punished according to the
laws of the empire.
Art. XXIV.—-Any French vessel entered at one of the ports open to foreign
trade- and wishing to discharge only a part of its goods there, shall pay Customs dues
only for the part discharged; it may transport the remainder of its cargo to another
port and sell it there. The duty shall then be paid.
French subjects having paid in one port the duties on their goods, wishing to
re-export them and send them for sale to another port, shall notify the Consul or
Consular Agent. The latter shall inform the Superintendent of Customs, who, after
having verified the identity of the goods and the perfect integrity of the packages,
shall send to the claimants a declaration attesting that the duties on the said goods
have been paid. Provided with this declaration, the French merchants on their
arrival at the other port shall only have to present it through the medium of the
Consul or Superintendent of Customs, who will deliver for this part of the cargo,
without deduction or charge, a permit for discharge free of duty ; but if the autho-
rities discover fraud or anything contraband amongst the goods re-exported, these
shall be, after verification, confiscated to the profit of the Chinese Government.
Art. XXV.—Transhipment of goods shall take place only by special permission
and in case of urgency; if it be indispensable to effect this operation, the Consul
shall be referred to, who will deliver a certificate, on view of which the transhipment
shall be authorised by the Superintendent of Customs. The latter may always
delegate an employe of his administration to be present.
Every unauthorised transhipment, except in case of peril by delay, will entail
the confiscation, to the profit of the Chinese Government, of the whole of the goods
illicitly transhipped.
Art. XXVI.— In each of the ports open to foreign trade the Superintendent of
Customs shall receive for himself, and shall deposit at the French Consulate, legal
* Substituted for the original Article in 1865.
TREATY BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA 76
scales for goods and silver, the weights and measures agreeing exactly with the
weights and measures in use at the Canton Custom-house, and bearing a stamp and
seal certifying this authority. These scales shall be the base of all liquidations of
duties and of all payments to be made to the Chinese Government. They shall be
referred to in case of dispute as to the weights and measures of goods, and the decree
shall be according to the results they show.
Art. XXVII.—Import and export duties levied in China on French commerce
shall be regulated according to the tariff annexed to the present Treaty under the
seal and signature of the respective Plenipotentiaries. This tariff may be revised
every seven years in order to be in harmony with the changes brought about by time
in the value of the products of the soil or industry of the two empires.
By the payment of these duties, the amount of which it is expressly provided
shall not be increased nor augmented by any kind of charge or surtax whatever,
French subjects shall be free to import into China, from French or foreign ports, and
equally to export from China, to any destination, all goods which shall not be, at the
date of the. signing of the present Treaty and according to the classification of the
annexed tariff, the object of a special prohibition or of a special monopoly. The
Chinese Government renouncing therefore the right of augmenting the number of
articles reputed contraband or subjects of a monopoly, any modification of the
tariff shall be made only after an understanding has been come to with the French
Government and with its full and entire consent.
With regard to the tariff, as well as every stipulation introduced or to be in-
troduced in the existing Treaties, or those which may hereafter be concluded, it
remains well and duly established that merchants and in general all French subjects
in China shall always have the same rights and be treated in the same way as the
most favoured nation.
Art. XXVIII.—The publication of the regular tariff doing away henceforth with
all pretext for smuggling, it is not to be presumed that any act of this nature may
be committed by French vessels in the ports of China. If it should be otherwise,
all contraband goods introduced into these ports by French vessels or merchants
whatever their value or nature, as also all prohibited goods fraudulently discharged,
shall be seized by the local authority and confiscated to the profit of the Chinese
Government. Further, the latter may, if it see fit, interdict the re-entry to China of
the vessel taken in contravention and compel it to leave immediately after the settle-
ment of its accounts.
If any foreign vessel fraudulently makes use of the French flag the French
Government shall take the necessary measures for the repression of this abuse.
Art. XXIX.—His Majesty the Emperor of the French may station a vessel of war
in any principal port of the empire where its presence may be considered necessary to
maintain good order and discipline amongst the crews of merchant vessels and to
facilitate the exercise of the Consular authority; all necessary measures shall be taken
to provide that the presence of these vessels of war shall entail no inconvenience, and
their commanders shall receive orders to cause to be executed the provisions of
Article XXXIII. in respect of the communications with the land and the policing
of the crews. Vessels of war shall be subject to no duty.
Art. XXX.—Every French vessel of war cruising for the protection of commerce
shall be received as a friend and treated as such in all the ports of China which it
shall enter. These vessels may there procure the divers articles of refitting and
victualling of which they shall have need, and, if they have suffered damage, may
repair there and purchase the materials necessary for such repair, the whole without
the least opposition.
The same shall apply to French trading ships which in consequence of great
damage or any other reason may be compelled to seek refuge in any port whatsoever
of China.
If a vessel be wrecked on the coast of China, the nearest Chinese authority, on
being informed of the occurrence, shall immediately send assistance to the crew,
provide for their present necessities, and take the measures immediately necessary
76 TREATY BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA
for the salvage of the ship and the preservation of the cargo. The whole shall then
be brought to the knowledge of tbe nearest Consul or Consular Agent, in or.ler that
the latter, in concert with the competent authority, may provide means for the
relief of the ci'ew and the salvage of the debris of the ship and cargo.
, Art. XXXI.—Should China be at war with another Power, this circumstance
shall not in any way interfere with the free trade of France with China or with the
opposing nation. French vessels may always, except in the case of effective blockade,
sail without obstacle from the ports of the one to the ports of the other, trade in the
ordinary manner, and import and export every kind of merchandise not prohibited.
Art. XXXII.—Should sailors or other persons desert from French ships-of-war,
or leave French trading vessels, the Chinese authority, on the requisition of the
Consul, or failing the Consul that of the captain, shall at once use everv means to
discover and restore the aforesaid fugitives into the hands of one or the other of them.
In the same manner, if Chinese deserters or persons accused of any crime take
refuge in French houses or on board of French vessels, the local authority shall
address the Consul, who, on proof of the guilt of the accused, shall immediately take
the measures necessary for their extradition. Each party shall carefully avoid
concealment and connivance.
Art. XXXIII.—When sailors come on shore they shall be under special dis-
ciplinary regulations framed by the Consul and communicated to the local authority,
in order to prevent as far as possible all occasion of quarrel between French sailors
and the people of the country.
Art. XXXIV.—In case of French trading vessels being attacked or pillaged by
pirates within Chinese waters, the civil and military authorities of the nearest place,
upon learning of the occurrence, shall actively pursue the authors of the crime and
shall neglect nothing to secure their arrest and punishment according to law. The
pirated goods, in whatever place or state they may be found, shall be placed in the
hands of the Consul, who shall restore them to the owners. If the criminals cannot
be seized, or the whole of the stolen property cannot be recovered, the Chinese officials
shall suffer the penalty inflicted by the law in such circumstances, but they shall not
be held pecuniarily responsible.
Art. XXXV.—When a French subject shall have a complaint to make or claim
to bring against a Chinese, he shall first state his case to the Consul, who, after
having examined the affair, will endeavour to arrange it amicably. In the same
manner, when a Chinese has to complain of a French subject, .the Consul shall
attentively hear his claim and endeavour to bring about an amicable arrangement.
But if in either case this be impossible, the Consul shall invoke the assistance of a
competent Chinese official, and these two, after having conjointly examined the affair
shall decide it equitably.
Art. XXXVI.—If hereafter French subjects suffer damage, or are subjected
to any insult or vexation by Chinese subjects, the latter shall be pursued by the
local authority, who shall take the necessary measures for the defence and pro-
tection of French subjects ; if ill-doers or any vagrant part of the population com-
mence to pillage, destroy, or burn the houses or warehouses of French subjects or
any other of their establishments, the same authority, either on the requisition of the
Consul or of its own motion, shall send as speedily as possible an armed force to
disperse the riot and to arrest the criminals, and shall deliver the latter up to the
severity of the law; the whole without prejudice of the claims of the French subjects
to be indemnified for proved losses.
Art. XXXVII.—If Chinese become, in future, indebted to French captains or
merchants and involve them in loss by fraud or in any other manner, the latter shall
no longer avail themselves of the combination which existed under the former state
of things; they may address themselves only through the medium of their Consul to
the local authority, who shall neglect nothing after having examined the affair to
compel the defaulters to satisfy their engagements according to the laws of the
country. But, if the debtor cannot be found, if he be dead, or bankrupt, and is not
able to pay, the French merchants cannot claim against the Chinese authority.
TREATY BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA 77
In case of fraud or non-payment on the part of French merchants, the Consul
shall, in the same manner, afford every assistance to the claimants, but neither he
nor his Government shall in any manner be held responsible.
Ar^t, XXXVIII.—If Unfortunately any fight or quarjel occurs between French
and Chinese subjects, as also if during the course of such quarrel one or more persons
be killed or wounded, by firearms or otherwise, the Chinese shall be arrested by the
Chinese authority, who will be responsible, if the charge be proved, for their punish-
ment according to the laws of the country. With regard to the French, they shall
be arrested at the instance of the Consul, who shall take the necessary measures that
they may be dealt with in the ordinary course of French law in accordance with the
forms and practice which shall be afterwards decided by the French Government.
The same course shall be observed in all similar circumstances not enumerated
in the present convention, the principle being that for the repression of crimes and
offences committed by them in China French subjects shall be dealt with according
to the laws of France.
Art. XXXIX.—Disputes or differences arising between French subjects in China
shall, equally, be settled by the French authorities. It is also stipulated that the
Chinese authorities shall not in any manner interfere in any dispute between French
subjects and other foreigners. In the same way they shall not exercise any authority
over Frencli vessels; these are responsible only to the French authorities and the
captain.
Art. XL.—If the Government of His Majesty the Emperor of the French shall
consider it desirable to modify any of the clauses of the present Treaty it shall be at
liberty to open negotiations to this effect with the Chinese Government after an
interval of ten years from the date of the exchange of the ratifications. It is also
understood that no obligation not expressed in the present convention shall be
imposed on the Consuls or Consular Agents, nor on their nationals, but, as is
stipulated, French subjects shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, immunities, and
guarantees whatsoever which have been or shall be accorded by the Chinese Govern-
ment to other Powers.
Art. XLI.—His Majesty the Emperor of the French, wishing to give to His
Majesty the Emperor of China a proof of his friendly sentiments, agrees to stipulate
in separate Articles, having the same force and effect as if they were inserted in the
present Treaty, the arrangements come to between the two Governments on the
matters antecedent to the events at Canton and the expense caused by them to the
Government of His Majesty the Emperor of the French.
Art. XLII.—The ratifications of the present Treaty of Friendship, Commerce, and
Navigation shall be exchanged at Peking within one year after the date of signature,
or sooner if possible.
After the exchange of ratifications, the Treaty shall be brought to the
knowledge of all the superior authorities of the Empire in the provinces and in the
capital, in order that its publication may be well established.
In token whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Treaty
and affixed their seals thereto.
Done at Tientsin, in four copies, this twenty-seventh day of June, in the year of
grace one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, corresponding to the seventeenth
day of the fifth moon of the eighth year of Hien Fung.
(Signed) [l.s.] Baron Gros.
[l.s.] Kwei-Liang.
[l.s.] Hwashana.
CONVENTION BETWEEN EEANCE AND CHINA
Signed at Peking, 25th October, 1860
His Majesty the Emperor of the French and His Majesty the Emperor of China
being desirous to put an end to the difference which nas arisen between the two
Empires, and to re-establish and assure for ever the relations of peace and amity which
before existed and which regrettable events have interrupted, have named as their
respective Plenipotentiaries :—
His Majesty the Emperor of the French, Sieur Jean Baptiste Louis, Baron Gros,
Senator of the Empire, Ambassador and High Commissioner of France in China,
Grand Officer of the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour, Knight Grand Cross
of several Orders, etc., etc., etc.;
And His Majesty the Emperor of China, Prince Kung, a member of the Imperial
Family and High Commissioner ;
Who, having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due form, have
agreed upon the following Articles :—
Art. I.—His Majesty the Emperor of China has regarded with pain the conduct
of the Chinese military authorities at the mouth of the Tientsin river, in the month of
June last year, when the Ministers Plenipotentiary of France and England arrived
there on their way to Peking to exchange the ratifications of the Treaties of Tientsin.
Art. II.—When the Ambassador, the High Commissioner of His Majesty the
Emperor of the French, shall be in Peking for the purpose of exchanging the ratifica-
tions of the Treaty of Tientsin, he shall be treated during his stay in the capital with
the honours due to his rank, and all possible facilities shall be given him by the
Chinese Authorities in order that he may without obstacle fulfil the high mission
confided to him.
Art. III.—The Treaty signed at Tientsin on the 27th June, 1858, shall be faith-
fully placed in execution in all its clauses immediately after the exchange of the
ratifications referred to in the preceding Article, subject to the modifications introduced
by the present Convention.
Art. IV.—Article IV. of the Secret Treaty of Tientsin, by which His Majesty the
Emperor of China undertook to pay to the French Government an indemnity of two
million Taels, is annulled and replaced by the present Article, which increases the
amount of the indemnity to eight million Taels.
It is agreed that the sum already paid by the Canton Customs on account of the
sum of two million Taels stipulated by the Treaty of Tientsin shall be considered as
having been paid in advance and on account of the eight million Taels referred to in
the present Article.
The provisions of the Article of the Secret Treaty of Tientsin as to the mode of
payment of the two million Taels are annulled. Payment of the remainder of the sum
of eight million taels to be paid by the Chinese Government as provided by the present
Convention shall be made in quarterly instalments consisting of one-fifth of the gross
Customs revenues at the ports open to foreign trade, the first term commencing on
the 1st October of the present year, and finishing on the 31st December following.
This sum, specially reserved for the payment of the indemnity due to France, shall be
paid into the hands of the Minister for France or of his delegates in Mexican dollars
or in bar silver at the rate of the day of payment.
CONVENTION BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA 79
A sum of five hundred thousand Taels shall, however, be paid on account in
advance at one time, and at Tientsin, on the 30th November next, or sooner if the
Chinese Government judges it convenient.
A Mixed Commission, appointed by the Minister of France and by the Chinese
Authorities, shall determine the rules to be followed in effecting the payment of the
whole of the indemnity, the verification of the amount, the giving of receipts, and in
short fulfilling all the formalities required in such case.
Art. V.—The sum of eight million Taels is allowed to the French Government to
liquidate the expenses of its armament against China, as .also for the indemnification
of French subjects and proteges of France who sustained loss by the burning of the
factories at Canton, and also to compensate the Catholic missionaries who have
suffered in their persons or property. The French Government will divide this sum
between the parties interested, after their claims shall have been legally established,
in satisfaction of such claims, and it is understood between the contracting parties
that one million of Taels shall be appropriated 1 o the indemnification of French subjects
or proteges of France for the losses they have sustained or the treatment to which
they have been subjected, and that the remaining seven million Taels shall be applied
to the liquidation of the expenses occasioned by the war.
Art. VI.—In conformity with the Imperial edict issued on the 20th March, 1856,
by the August Emperor Tao Kwang, the religious and charitable establishments which
have been confiscated during the persecutions of the Christians shall be restored to
their proprietors through the Minister of France in China, to whom the Imperial
Government will deliver them, with the cemeteries and edifices appertaining to them.
Art. VII.—The town and port of Tientsin, in the province of Pechili, shall be
opened to foreign trade on the same conditions as the other towns and ports of the
Empire where such trade is permitted, and this from the date of the signature of the
present Convention, which shall be obligatory on the two nations without its being
necessary to exchange ratifications, and which shall have the same force as if it were
inserted word for word in the Treaty of Tientsin.
The French troops now occupying this town shall, on the payment of the five
hundred thousand taels provided by Article IV. of the present Convention, evacuate
it and proceed to occupy Taku and the north-east coast of Shantung, whence they
shall retire on the same conditions as govern the evacuation of the other points
occupied on the shores of the Empire. The Commanders-in-Chief of the French force
shall, however, have the right to winter their troops of all arms at Tientsin, if they
judge it convenient, and to withdraw them only when the indemnities due by the
Chinese Government shall have been entirely paid, unless the Commanders-in-Chief
shall think it convenient to withdraw them before that time.
Art. 'VIII.-—It is further agreed that when the present Convention shall have
been signed and the ratifications of the Treaty of Tientsin exchanged, the French
forces which occupy Chusan shall evacuate that island, and that the forces before
Peking shall retire to Tientsin, to Taku, to the north coast of Shantung, or to
the town of Canton, and that in all these places or in any of them the French
Government may, if it thinks fit, leave troops until such time as the total sum of
eight million taels shall have been fully paid.
Art. IX.—It is agreed between the high contracting parties that when the
ratifications of the Treaty of Tientsin shall have been exchanged an Imperial edict
shall order the high authorities of all the provinces to permit any Chinese who wishes
to go to countries beyond the sea to establish himself there or to seek his for.une, to
embark himself and his family, if he so wishes, on French ships in the ports of the
empire open to foreign trade. It is also agreed, in the interest of the emigrants, to
ensure their entire freedom of action and to safeguard their rights, that the competent
Chinese authorities shall confer with the Minister of France in China for the making
of regulations to assure for these engagements, always voluntary, the guarantees of
morality and security which ought to govern them.
80 TREATY BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA
Art. X.—It is well understood between tbe contracting parties that the tonnage
dues which by error were fixed in the French Treaty of Tientsin at five mace per ton
for vessels of 150 tons and over, and which in the Treaties with England and the
United States signed in 1858 were fixed at four mace only, shall not exceed this
same sum of four mace, and this without the invocation of the last paragraph of
Art. XXXII. of the Treaty of Tientsin, which gives to France the formal right to
claim the same treatment as the most favoured nation.
The present Convention of Peace has been made at Peking, in four copies, on the
25th October, 1860, and has been signed by the respective plenipotentiaries.
TREATY OE PEACE, FRIENDSHIP, AND COMMERCE
BETWEEN PRANCE AND CHINA
Signed at Tientsin, 9th June, 1885
The President of the French Republic and His Majesty the Emperor of China,
each animated by an equal desire to l>ring to an end the difficulties which have
given rise to their simultaneous intervention in the affairs of Annam, and wishing to
re-establish and improve the relations of friendship and commerce which previously
existed between France and China, have resolved to conclude a new Treaty to further
the common interest of both nations on the basis of the preliminary Convention
signed at Tientsin on the 11th May, 1884, and ratified by an Imperial decree of the
13th April, 1885.
For that purpose the two high contracting parties have appointed as their Pleni-
potentiaries the following, that is to say :—
The President of the French Republic, M. Jules Patenotre, Envoy Extraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary for France in China, Officer of the Legion of Honour,
Grand Cross of the Swedish Order of the Pole Star, &c., &c.
And His Majesty the Emperor of China, Li Hung-chang, Imperial Commissioner,
Senior Grand Secretary of State, Grand Honorary Preceptor of the Heir Presumptive;
Superintendent of Trade for the Northern Ports, Governor-General of the Province
of Chihli, of the First degree of the Third Order of Nobility, with the title of Sou-yi;
Assisted by Hsi Chen, Imperial Commissioner, Member of the Tsung-li Yamen,
President of the Board of Punishments, Administrator of the Treasury at the Ministry
of Finance, Director of Schools for the Education of Hereditary Officers of the
Left Wing of the Yellow Bordered Banner ;
And Teng Chang-su, Imperial Commissioner, Member of the Tsung-li Yamen,
Director of the Board of Ceremonies ;
Who, having communicated their full powers, which have been found in good
and due form, have agreed upon the following Articles:—
Art. I.—France engages to re-establish and maintain order in those provinces of
Annam which border upon the Chinese empire. For this purpose she will take the
necessary measures to disperse or expel the bands of pirates and vagabonds who
endanger the public safety, and to prevent their collecting together again. Nevertheless,
the French troops shall not, under any circumstances, cross the frontier which separates
TREAT? BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA 81
Tonkin from China, which frontier France promises both to respect herself and to
guarantee against any aggression whatsoever.
On her part China undertakes to disperse or expel such hands as may take refuge
in her provinces bordering on Tonkin and to disperse those which it may be attempted
►to form there for the purpose of causing disturbances amongst the populations placed
under the protection of France ; and, in consideration of the guarantees which have
been given as to the security of the frontier, she likewise engages not to send troops
into Tonkin.
The high contracting parties will fix, by a special convention, the conditions under
which the extradition of malefactors between China and Annam shall be carried out.
The Chinese, whether colonists or disbanded soldiers, who reside peaceably in
Annam, supporting themselves by agriculture, industry, or trade, and whose conduct
shall give no cause of complaint, shall enjoy the same security for their persons and
.property as French proteges.
Art. II.—China, being resolved to do nothing which may imperil the work of
pacification undertaken by France, engages to respect, both in the present and in
the future, the Treaties, Conventions, and Arrangements concluded directly between
France and Annam, or which may hereafter be concluded.
As regards the relations between China and Annam, it is understood they shall
be of such a nature as shall in no way injure the dignity of the Chinese empire or
..give rise to any violation of the present Treaty.
Art. III.—Within a period of six months from the signature of the present
Treaty commissioners appointed by the high contracting parties shall proceed to the
spot in order to define the frontier between China and Tonkin. They shall place
landmarks wherever necessary to render the line of demarcation clear. In those
► cases where they may not be able to agree as to the location of these landmarks or on
such rectifications of detail as it may be desirable to make, in the interest of the two
.nations, in the existing frontier ot Tonkin, they shall refer the difficulty to their
respective Grovernments.
Art. IV.—When the frontier shall have been agreed upon, French or French
proteges and foreign residents of Tonkin who may wish to cross it in order to enter
• China shall not be allowed to do so unless they shall have previously provided them-
selves with passports issued by the Chinese frontier authorities on the requisition of
the French authorities. For Chinese subjects an authorisation given by the Imperial
frontier authorities shall be sufficient.
Chinese subjects wishing to proceed from China to Tonkin by the land route
shall be obliged to provide themselves with regular passports, issued by the French
. authorities on the requisition of the Imperial authorities.
Art. V.—Import and export trade shall be permitted to French or French-
protected traders and to Chinese traders across the land frontier between China and
Tonkin. It shall, however, be carried on through certain spots which shall be
settled later, and both the selection and number of which shall correspond with the
direction and importance of the traffic between the two countries. In this respect
the Eegulations in force in the interior of the Chinese Empire shall be taken into
- account.
In any case, two of the said spots shall be marked out on the Chinese frontier,
the one above Lao-kai, the other beyond Lang-son. French traders shall be at
liberty to settle there under the same conditions, and with the same advantages, as
in the ports open to foreign trade. The Government of His Majesty the Emperor of
- China shall establish Custom-houses there, and the Government of the French Kepublic
shall be at liberty to maintain Consuls there whose powers and privileges shall be
identical with those of Agents of the same rank in the open ports.
On his part, His Majesty the Emperor of China shall be at liberty, with the
• concurrence of the French Government, to appoint Consuls in the principal towns of
Tonkin.
sa TREATY BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA
Art. VI.—-A special code of .Regulations, annexed to the present Treaty, shall
define the conditions under which trade shall be carried on by land between Tonkin
and the Chinese provinces of Yfinnan, of Kwang-si, and of Kwang-tunn. Such
Regulations shall be drawn up by Commissioners, who shall be appointed by the
high contracting parties, within three months from the signature of the present
Treaty.
All goods dealt with by such trade shall be subject, on import and export
between Tonkin and the provinces of Yunnan and Kwang-si, to duties lower than
those laid down by the present tariff for foreign trade. The reduced tariff shall
not, however, be applied to goods transported by way of the land frontier between
Tonkin and Kwang-tung, and shall not be enforced within the ports already open
by Treaty.
Trade in arms, engines, supplies, and munitions of war of any kind whatsoever
shall be subject to the Laws and Regulations issued by each of the contracting
States within its own territory.
The export and import of opium shall be governed by special arrangements ter
be inserted in the above-mentioned code of Regulations.
Trade by sea between China and Annam shall likewise be dealt with by a separate
code of Regulations. In the meanwhile, the present practice shall remain unaltered^
Art. VII,—With a view to develop under the most advantageous conditions the
relations of commerce and of good neighbourship, which it is the object of the present
Treaty to re-establish
shall construct roads bet
in ween France
Tonkin, andand
shallChina, the Government
encourage of theof Republic
the construction railways
there.
When China, on her part, shall have decided to construct railways, it is agreed
that she shall have recourse to French industry, and the Government of the Republic
shall afford every facility for procuring in France the staff that may be required. It
is, moreover, understood that this clause shall not be looked upon as constituting an
exclusive privilege in favour of France.
Art. VIII.—The commercial stipulations of the present Treaty and t he Regula-
tions to be agreed upon shall be liable to revision after an interval of ten complete
years from the date of the exchange of the ratifications of the present Treaty. But
incase six months before it expires neither one nor other of the high contracting
'parties shall have expressed a wish to proceed to a revision, the commercial stipula-
tions shall remain in force for a fresh period of ten years, and so further m like
manner.
Art. IX.—As soon as the present Treaty shall have been signed, the French
forces shall receive orders to retire from Keelung and to cease search, &c., on the high
seas. Within one month from the signature of the present Treaty the Island of
Formosa and Pescadores shall be entirely evacuated by the French troops.
Art. X.—All stipulations of former Treaties, Agreements, and Conventions
between France and China, which are not modified by the present Treaty, remain in
full force.
The present Treaty shall be ratified at once by His Majesty the Emperor of China,
and after it shall have been ratified by the President of the French Republic the
exchange of ratifications shall take place at Peking with the least possible delay.
Done in quadruplicate at Tientsin, this ninth day of June, one thousand eight
hundred and eighty-five, corresponding to the twenty-seventh day of the fourth moon,
of the eleventh year of Kwang-Hsu.
(Signed) [l.s.] Patenotre.
„ [n.s.] Hsi Chen.
„ [l.s.J Li Hung-chang.
„ [l.s.J Teng Chang-su.
TRADE REGULATIONS EOR THE TONKIN ERONTIER
JOINTLY DETERMINED ON BY ERANCE AND CHINA
Signed at Peking, 25th April, 1886
[Translated from the French Text\
When as in Article YI. of the Treaty between the President of the French Re-
public and His Majesty the Emperor of China, signed the 9th day of June, 1885, it is
. stated that “ Regala,tions for the conduct of overland trade between Tonkin and the
Chinese provinces of Yunnan, Kwang-si, and Kwang-tung shallbe jointly discussed and
concluded by Commissioners appointed by the two Powers, and will form a supple-
ment to the present Treaty”; and whereas in Article X. of that Agreement it is
; set forth that “ provisions of former Treaties and Regulations agreed to by France
and China, except in so far as they are modified by the present agreement, will continue
to retain their original validity,” the two high contracting parties have for this
purpose named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say:—
The President of the French Republic, G. Cogordan, Minister Plenipotentiary
of France to China, Officer of the Legion of Honour, Knight of the Order of the Crown
of Italy, &c., &c., together with E. Bruwaert, Consul of the first class, Assistant
•Commissioner for Treaty negotiations, Knight of the Order of Gustav of Sweden, and
of the Order of Leopold of Belgium;
And His Majesty the Emperor of China, Li, Grand Preceptor of the Heir Ap-
parent, Grand Secretary of State, Superintendent of Trade for the Northern Seaboard,
. Joint Commissioner of Admiralty, Governor of Chihli, and a member of the first
degree of the Third Order of the Hereditary Nobility, with the title of Sou-yi;
Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, and
found them to be in due form, have concluded the following Articles: —
Art. I.—In accordance with the terms of Article V. of the Treaty of the 19t^
June, 1885, the high contracting parties agree that for the present two places shall
be opened to trade, one to the north of Langson and the other above Lao-kai. China
will establish Custom-houses there, and France shall have the right to appoint
-Consuls, who shall enjoy all rights and privileges conceded in China to the Consuls
of the most favoured nation.
The work of the Commission charged with the delimitation of the two countries
not being completed at the time of the signature of the present Convention, the place
to be opened to trade north of Langson shall be selected and determined in the
course of the present year by arrangement between the Imperial Government and the
representative of France at Peking. As to the place to be opened to trade above
Lao-kai, this will also be determined by common accord when the frontier between
the two countries shall have been defined.
Art. II.—The Imperial Government may appoint Consuls at Hanoi and at
Haiphong. Chinese Consuls may also be sent later on to other large towns in
Tonkin by arrangement with the French Government.
84 TRADE REGULATIONS FOR THE TONKIN FRONTIER
The agents shall be treated in the same manner and have the same rights and
privileges as the Consuls of the most favoured nation in France. They shall maintain
official relations with the French authorities charged with the Protectorate.
Art. III.—It is agreed, on the one side and the other, that in the places where-
Consuls are appointed the respective authorities will facilitate the installation ofthese-
agents in suitable residences.
Frenchmen may establish themselves in the places opened to trade on the frontier
of China under the conditions set forth in the Articles VII., X., XL, XII., and others
of the Treaty of the 27th June, 1858.
Annamites shall enjoy in these places the same privileged treatment.
Art. IV.—Chinese shall have the right of possessing land, erecting buildings,
opening commercial houses, and having warehouses throughout Annam.
They shall receive for their persons, their families, and their goods the same-
protection as the most favoured European nation, and, like the latter, may not be made
the object of any ill-treatment. The official and private correspondence and telegrams-,
of Chinese officials and merchants shall be freely transmitted through the French
postal and telegraphic administrations.
Frenchmen will receive from China the same privileged treatment.
Art. V.—Frenchmen, French proteges, and foreigners residing in Tonkin may
cross the frontiers and enter China on condition of being furnished with passports.
These passports will be given by the Chinese authorities at the frontier, on the
requisition of the French authorities, who will ask for them only for respectable
persons; they will be surrendered to be cancelled on the holder’s ret,urn. In the case
of those who have to pass any place occupied by aborigines or savages, it will be
mentioned in the passport that there are no Chinese officials there who can protect
them.
Chinese wi>o wish to come from China to Tonkin by land must in the same
way be furnished with passports granted by the French authorities on the requisition
of the Chinese authorities, who will ask for them only on behalf of respectable
persons.
The passports so granted on the one side or the other shall serve only as titles
to travel and shall not be considered as certificates of exemption from taxes for the
transport of merchandise.
Chinese authorities on Chinese soil and French authorities in Tonkin shall have
the right to arrest persons who have crossed the frontier without passports and send
them back to their respective authorities to be tried and punished if necessary.
Chinese residing in Annam may return from Tonkin to China on simply
obtaining from the Imperial authorities a pass permitting them to cross the
frontier.
Frenchmen and other persons established in the open places on the frontier may
travel without passports to a distance of 50 li (578 metres to the li) around such
places.
Art. VI.—Merchandise imported into the places opened to trade on the frontier
of China by French merchants and French proteges may, after payment of the import
duties, be conveyed to the interior markets of China under the conditions fixed by
Rule VII. annexed to the Treaty of the 27th June, 1858, and by the general rules of
the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs with regard to import transit passes.
When foreign merchandise is imported into these places a declaration shall be
made at the Custom-house of the nature and quantity of the merchandise, as well as
of the name of the person by whom it is accompanied. The Customs authorities will
proceed to verification, and will collect the duty according to the general tariff of the
Imperial Maritime Customs, diminished by one-fifth. Articles not mentioned in the
tariff will remain subject to the duty of 5 per cent, ad valorem. Until this duty has
been paid the goods may not, be taken out of the warehouses to be sent away and sold. -
A merchant wishing to send foreign merchandise into the interior shall make a
fresh declaration at the Custom-house, and pay, without reduction, the transit dues
fixed by the general rules of the Chinese Maritime Customs.
TEADE EEGULATIONS FOE THE TONKIN FEONTIEE 85'
After this payment the Customs will deliver a transit pass which will enable the
carriers to go to the localities mentioned in the pass for the purpose of disposing bf
the said merchandise.
Under these conditions, no new duties will be levied at the interior barriers or
lekin stations.
Merchandise for which transit passes have not been obtained will be liable to all
the barrier and lekin duties imposed upon indigenous products in the interior of the
country.
Art. VII.—Merchandise bought by Frenchmen and persons under French
protection in the interior markets of China may be brought into the open places on
the frontier, for the purpose of being from thence exported to Tonkin, under the
conditions fixed by Rule VII. annexed to the Treaty of the 27th June, 1858, with
regard to the transit of merchandise for export.
When Chinese merchandise for export arrives at these places, declaration
shall be made at the Custom-house as to the nature and quantity of the merchandise,
as well as the name of the person accompanying it.
The Customs authorities will proceed to verification.
Such of this merchandise as shall have been bought in the interior by a merchant
furnished with a transit pass, and which consequently has not paid any lekin
or barrier duty, shall in the first place pay the transit duty fixed by the general
tariff of the Chinese Maritime Customs.
It shall then pay the export duty, diminished by one-third. Articles not named
in the tariff will remain subject to the duty of 5 per cent, ad valorem.
After payment of these duties the merchandise will be allowed to pass free, and
to be sent beyond the frontier.
The merchant who, not being furnished with a transit pass, has bought goods
in the interior, shall pay the duties levied at the barriers and lekin stations; receipts-
shall be delivered to him, and on arriving at the Custom-house he shall be exempted
from payment of the transit dues on presentation of these receipts.
French merchants and persons under French protection importing or exporting
merchandise through the Customs offices on the frontiers of Yunnan and Kwangsi,
and Chinese merchants importing or exporting merchandise to or from Tonkin,
will not have to pay any toll on their carriages or beasts of burden. On the navigable
water-courses on the frontier, vessels may, on the one side and the other, be subjected
to the payment of tonnage-dues, conformably to the rules of the Maritime Customs
of the two countries.
As regards the provisions of the present Article and the preceding one, it is
agreed by the high contracting parties that if a new Customs tariff should be
established by common accord between China and a third Power, for trade by land
on the south-western frontiers of the Chinese Empire, France shall obtain the
application of it.
Art. VIII.—Foreign merchandise which, not having been sold within a period'
of thirty-six months after having paid the import duty at one of the Chinese frontier
Customs stations, is forwarded to the other frontier Customs station, shall be-
examined at the first of these stations, and if the wrappings are found intact, and
if nothing has been disturbed or changed, a certificate of exemption for the amount
of the first duty collected will be given. The bearer of this certificate will deliver it
to the other frontier station, in payment of the new duty which he will have to pay.
The Customs may in like manner give bonds which will be available for payment of
duties at the Custom-house by which they are issued any time within three years.
Money will never be returned.
If the same merchandise is re-despatched to one of the open ports of China, it
will there, conformably to the general rules of the Chinese Maritime Customs, be
subjected to payment of the import duties, and the certificates or bonds given at
the frontier Customs shall not there be made use of. Neither will it be allowed to
present there, in payment of duties, the quittances delivered by the frontier Customs
on the first payment. As to transit dues, conformably to the rules in force at the
TRADE REGULATIONS FOR THE TONKIN FRONTIER
open ports, when once they have been paid, bonds or exemption certificates will never
be given in respect of these.
Art. IX.—Chinese merchandise which, after having paid transit and export dues
at one of the frontier Customs stations, may be sent to the other frontier Customs
•station to be sold, shall be subjected on its arrival at the second station only to a
^payment—called a re-importation duty—of one-half the export duty already collected.
The merchandise conformably to the rules established in the open ports may not be
• transported into the interior by foreign merchants.
If this Chinese merchandise be transported to one of the open ports of China, it
will be assimilated to foreign merchandise, and shall pay a new import duty in full,
conformably to the general tariff of the Imperial Maritime Customs.
This merchandise will be allowed to pay transit duty on being sent into the in-
terior. Chinese merchandise imported from a Chinese seaport into an Annamite port
in order to be transported to the land frontier and then to re-enter Chinese territory
will be treated as foreign merchandise and will pay the local import dues. This
: merchandise will be allowed to pay the transit duty on being sent into the interior.
Art. X.—Declarations to the Chinese Customs must be made within thirty-six
' hours of the arrival of the goods under a penalty of Tls. 50 for each day’s delay; but
the fine shall not exceed Tls. 200. An inexact declaration of the quantity of the goods,
i if it is proved that it has been made with the intention of evading payment of the
duties, will entail upon the merchant confiscation of his goods. Q-oods not provided
with a permit from the chief of the Customs, which are clandestinely introduced
by by-ways, and unpacked or sold, or which are intentionally smuggled, shall be
• entirely confiscated. In every case of false declaration or attempt to deceive the
Customs as regards the quality or the real origin or real destination of goods
dor which transit passes have been applied the goods shall be liable to con-
fiscation. The penalties shall be adjudged according to the conditions and proce-
dure fixed by the Rules of 31st May, 1868. In all cases where confiscation shall
'have been declared, the merchant shall be at liberty to recover his goods on payment
of a sum equivalent to their value, to be duly settled by arrangement with the Chinese
authorities. The Chinese authorities shall have every liberty to devise measures to
be taken in China, along the frontier, to prevent smuggling.
Merchandise descending or ascending navigable rivers in French, Annamite, or
'Chinese vessels will not necessarily have to be landed at the frontier, unless there is
an appearance of fraud, or a divergence between the nature of the cargo ami the
declaration of the manifest. The Customs will only send on board the said vessels
agents to visit them.
Art. XI.—Produce of Chinese origin imported into Tonkin by the land frontier
■shall pay the import duty of the Franco-Annamite tariff. They will pay no export
duty on leaving Tonkin. The Imperial Gfovernment will be notified of the new
tariff which France will establish in Tonkin. If taxes of excise, of consumption, or
of guarantee be established in Tonkin on any articles of indigenous production,
•similar Chinese productions will be subjected, on importation, to equivalent taxes.
Art. XII.—Chinese merchandise transported across Tonkin from one of the
two frontier Customs stations to the other, or to an Annamite port to be from thence
exported to China, shall be subjected to a specific transit duty which shall not exceed
two per cent, of the value. At the point where it leaves Chinese territory this
merchandise will be examined by the French Customs authorities on the frontier,
who will specify its nature, quantity, and destination in a certificate which shall be
produced whenever required by the French authorities during its transport across
Tonkin, as well as at the port of shipment.
In order to guarantee the Franco-Annamite Customs against any possible fraud,
such Chinese produce, on entering Tonkin, shall pay the import duty.
A transit permit will accompany the goods to the place of leaving the country,
whether this be the port of transhipment or the land frontier, and the sum paid by
the proprietor of the merchandise will, after deducting the transit dues, be then
restored to him in exchange for the receipt delivered to him by the Tonkin Customs.
TRADE REGULATIONS FOR THE TONKIN FRONTIER 87
Every false declaration or act evidently intended to deceive the French admini-
stration as to the quality, quantity, real origin, or real destination of merchandise-
on which the special treatment applicable to Chinese products traversing Tonkin in
transit is asked, will entail the confiscation of such merchandise. In every case
where confiscation has been declared, the merchant shall be free to recover his goods
on payment of a sum equivalent to their value, which shall be duly determined by
an arrangement with the French authorities.
The same rules and the same transit duty will be applicable in Annam to Chinese-
merchandise despatched from a Chinese port to an Annamite port in order to get to-
the Chinese frontier Customs by crossing Tonkin.
Art. XIII.—The following articles, that is to say, gold and silver ingots, foreign
money, flour, Indian meal, sago, biscuits, preserved meats and vegetables, cheese,
butter, confectionery, foreign clothing, jewellery, plated ware, perfumery, soaps of all
kinds, charcoal, firewood, candles (foreign), tobacco, wine, beer, spirits, household
stores, ship’s stores, personal baggage, stationery, carpeting, cutlery, drugs, foreign
medicines, and glassware, shall be verified by the Chinese Customs on their entry
and clearance; if they are really of foreign origin and intended for the personal'
use of foreigners, and if they arrive in moderate quantity, a duty exemption certificate1
will be given which will pass them free at the frontier. If these articles are withheld
from declaration or the formality of an exemption certificate, their clandestine intro-
duction will render them subject to the same penalty as smuggled goods.
With the exception of gold, silver, money, and luggage, which will remain exempt
from duty, the above-mentioned articles destined for the personal use of foreigners
and imported in moderate quantity, will pay, when they are transported into the-
interior of China a duty of 2-j per cent, on their value.
The Franco-Annamite frontier Customs shall collect no duty on the following
articles of personal use which Chinese carry with them, either on entering or leaving
Tonkin, that is to say, money, luggage, clothes, women’s head ornaments, paper,
hair pencils, Chinese ink, furniture, or food, or on articles ordered by the Chinese
Consuls in Tonkin for their personal consumption.
Art. XIY.—The high contracting parties agree to prohibit trade in and trans-
port of opium of whatsoever origin by the land frontier between Tonkin on the one
side and Yunnan, Kwang-si, and Kwangtung on the other side.
Art. XV.—The export of rice and of cereals from China is forbidden. The
import of these articles shall be free of duty.
The import of the following articles into China is forbidden Gunpowder, pro-
jectiles, rifles and guns, saltpetre, sulphur, lead, spelter, arms, salt, and immoral
publications.
In case of contravention these articles shall be entirely confiscated.
If the Chinese authorities have arms or munitions bought or if merchants
receive express authority to buy them, the importation will be permitted under the
special surveillance of the Chinese Customs. The Chinese authorities may, further-
more, by arrangement with the French Consuls, obtain for the arms and munitions
which they wish to have conveyed to China through Tonkin exemption from all the
Franco-Annamite duties.
The introduction into Tonkin of arms, munitions of war, and immoral publica-
tions is also prohibited.
Art. XYI.—Chinese residing in Annam shall be placed under the same condi-
tions, with regard to criminal, fiscal, or other jurisdiction, as the subjects of the most
favoured nation. Law-suits which may arise in China, in the open markets on the
frontier, between Chinese subjects and Frenchmen or Annamites shall be decided in>
a Mixed Court by Chinese and French officers.
With refei’ence to crimes or offences committed by Frenchmen or persons under
French protection in China, in the places opened to trade, the procedure shall be in:
conformity with the stipulations of Articles XXXIII. and XXXIY. of the treaty of
the 27th June, 1858.
CONVENTION BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA, 1887
Art. XVII.—If in the places opened to trade on the frontier of China, Chinese
deserters or persons accused of crimes against the Chinese law shall take refuge in
the houses or on hoard the vessels of Frenchmen or persons under French protection,
the local authority shall apply to the Consul, who, on proof of the guilt of the accused,
• shall immediately take the necessary measures in order that they may be given up,
-and delivered to the regular course of the law.
Chinese guilty or accused of crimes or offences who seek refuge in Annain shall,
•on the request of the Chinese authorities and on proof of their guilt, be sought for,
arrested, and extradited in all ca«es where the subjects of the countries enjoying the
most liberal treatment in the matter of extradition might be extradited from France.
Frenchmen guilty or accused of crimes or offences, who seek refuge in China,
shall, at the request of the French authorities and on proof of their guilt, be arrested
and delivered up to the said authorities to be tried according to the regular process
of law.
On both sides all concealment and connivance shall be avoided.
Art. XVIII.—In any difficulty not provided for in the preceding provisions
recourse shall be had to the rules of the Maritime Customs, which, in conformity
with existing Treaties, are now applied in the open towns or ports.
In case these rules are insufficient the representatives of the two countries
•shall refer the matter to their respective Governments.
In accordance with the terms of Article VIII. of the treaty of the 9th June,
1885, the present stipulations may be revised ten years after the exchange of the
ratifications.
Art. XIX.—The present Convention of Trade, after having been ratified by the
-Governments, shall be promulgated in France, in China, and in Annam.
The exchange of the ratifications shall take place at Peking within one year from
the date of the signature of the Convention, or earlier if possible.
Done at Tientsin, in four copies, the25ih April, 1886, corresponding to the 22nd
day of the third moon of the twelfth year of Kwang Hsu.
(Signed) [l.s.] G. Cogobdan.
„ [l.s.] E. Bbtjwaert.
„ [l.s.] Li Hung-chang.
CONVENTION BETWEEN EBANCE AND CHINA, 1887
[Translated from the Chinese Text]
His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China and the President of the French
Republic, desiring to strengthen the commercial relations between the two countries,
and also to ratify and give effect to the Treaty signed at Tientsin on the 25th April,
1886, have appointed Plenipotentiaries to take the necessary steps thereto. H.I.M.
the Emperor of China has specially appointed H.I.H. Prince Ching, and H.E. Sun
Yu-wen, member of the Tsung-li Yamen and Vice-President of the Board of Works.
The President of the Republic has appointed His Excellency Constaus, Deputy,
ex-Minister of the Interior, and Minister Plenipotentiary in China. Who, having
exchanged their full powers and established their authenticity in due form, have
agreed on the following Articles :—
Art. I.—Such Articles of the Treaty signed at Tientsin as are not affected by this
Convention shall on the exchange of the ratifications be put in force at once.
CONVENTION BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA, 1887 89-
Art. II.—Whereas it was agreed by the Treaty of 1886 that Lungchow in Kwangsi
and Mengtzu in Yunnan should be opened to trade, and whereas Manghao, which
lies between Paosheng and Mengtzu, is in the direct road between the two places by
water, it is agreed that this also should be opened to trade on the same conditions as
the other ports, and that a deputy of the Consul at Mengtzu shall be allowed to
reside there.
Art. III.—In order to develop the trade between China and Tonkin as rapidly
as possible the tariff rules laid down in Articles YI. and VII. of the Treaty of 1886
are temporarily altered, and it is agreed that foreign goods imported to Yunnan and
Kwangsi from Tonkin shall pay 70 per cent, of the import duties collected by the
Customs at the Coast Ports in China, and that produce exported from China to Ton-
kin shall pay 60 per cent, of the export duties in force at the Treaty Ports.
Art. IV.—Chinese produce which has paid import duties under Art. XI. of the -
Treaty of 1886, and is transported through Tonkin to a port of shipment in Cochin-
China, shall, if exported thence to any other place than China, pay export duties accord-
ing to the Franco-Annamite tariff.
Art. Y.—Trade in Chinese native opium by land is allowed on payment of an
export duty of Tls. 20 per picul, but French merchants or persons under"French pro-
tection may only purchase it at Lungchow, Mengtzu, and Manghao, but no more than
Tls. 20 per picul shall be exacted from the Chinese merchants as inland dues. When
opium is sold the seller shall give the buyer a receipt showing that the inland dues
have been paid, which the exporter will hand to the Customs when paying export duty.
It is agreed that opium re-imported to China by the Coast Ports cannot claim the
privileges accorded other re-imports of goods of native origin.
Art. YI.—French and Tonkinese vessels other than men-of-war and vessels-
carrying troops and G-overnment stores plying on the Songkat and Caobang Rivers
between Langshan and Caobang shall pay a tonnage due of 5 candareens per ton at
Lungchow, but all goods on board shall pass free. Goods may be imported to China
by the Songkat and Caobang Rivers or overland by the Government road, but until
the Chinese Government establishes Custom-houses on the frontier goods taken
overland must not be sold at Lungchow until they have paid duty there.
Art. VII.—It is agreed that should China enter into treaties with regard to com-
mercial relations on her southern and south-western frontiers all privileges accorded
by her to the most favoured nation are at once without further'formality accorded to
France.
Art. VIII.—The above Articles having been agreed to and translated into
Chinese, H.I.H. the Prince on behalf of China and H.E. the Minister on behalf of
France have signed duplicate copies and affixed their seals hereto.
Art. IX.—When the ratifications of this Convention and of the Treaty of 1886
shall have been exchanged they shall be put in force as if they were one Treaty.
Art. X.—The ratifications of the Convention shall be exchanged at Peking;
when the assent of His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China and of His Excellency
the President of the French Republic shall have loeen signified.
Signed at Peking on the 26th June, 1887.
E. Constant.
Prince Chi’ng.
Sun Yu-wen.
ADDITIONAL CONVENTION BETWEEN EBANCE AND
CHINA
Signed at Peking, 20th June, 1895
Art. I.—It is agreed, to assure the policing of the frontier, that the French
‘'Government will have the right of maintaining an agent of the Consular order at
Tonghing opposite Monkay on the frontier of Kwangtung. A further regulation
will determine the conditions under which these should be exercised in accordance
with the French and Chinese authorities and the communal police of the Sino-
Annamite frontier.
Art. II.—Article II. of the Convention, signed at Peking, June 26th, 1887, is
•modified and completed as follows:—It is agreed between the high contracting
parties that the town of Lungchow in Kwangsi and that of Mengtse in Yunnan
are open to French-Annamite commerce. It is intended besides that the port
-open to commerce on the river route of Laokay to Mengtse will no longer be
Manhao, but Hokow, and that the French Government have the right of maintaining
at Hokow an agent under the Consul at Mengtse, at the same time the Chinese
Government can maintain a Customs agent.
Art. III.—It is agreed that the town of Szemao in Yunnan shall be open to
French-Annamite commerce, like Lungchow and Mengtse, and that the French
•Government will have the right as in the other open port of maintaining a Consul
at the same time that the Chinese Government can maintain a Customs agent. The
local authorities will employ themselves to facilitate the installation of the French
Consul in the proper residence. Frenchmen and protected French subjects may
•establish themselves at Szemao under conditions of the Articles VII., X., XI., and XII.,
and others of the Treaty of June 27th, 1858; also by Article III. of the Convention of
April 25th, 1886. Goods destined for China can be transported by the rivers,
particularly the Loso and the Mekong as well as by land routes, and particularly by
the Mandarin-road, which leads either from Mongle or Ipang to Szemao and Puerh,
the duties which these goods will be subject to being paid at Szemao.
Art. IV.—Article IX. of the Commercial Convention of April 25th, 1886, is
modified as follows:—(1) Chinese goods in transit from one of the other four towns
open to commerce on the frontier, Lungchow, Mengtse, Szemao, and Hokow, in
passing by Annam, will pay on leaving the reduced duties of four-tenths. A
special certificate will be delivered stating the payment of this duty, and destined
to accompany the goods. When they have come to another town they shall be
exempt from payment and import duty. (2) Chinese goods which shall be exported
from the four above-named localities and transported to Chinese ports, maritime
or fluvial, open to commerce, shall be freed on leaving the frontier by payment of
the reduced export duty of four-tenths. A special certificate will be delivered
stating the payment of this duty, and destined to accompany the goods. When
they shall arrive at one of the ports, maritime or fluvial, open to commerce, they
shall be freed the half-duty of re-importation in conformity with the general
rule for all such goods in the maritime or fluvial ports open to commerce.
(3) Chinese goods which shall be transported from Chinese ports, maritime or
fluvial, open to commerce, by way of Annam, towards the four above-named
localities, shall be freed on leaving of all duty. A special certificate will be
ADDITIONAL CONVENTION BETWEEN FRANCE AND CHINA, 1895 91 i
delivered, stating the payment of this duty, and destined to accompany the goods.
When they shall have arrived at one of the frontier Customs they shall he freed
on entry by half duty of re-importation based on the reduction of four-tenths.
(4) The Chinese goods above mentioned, accompanied- by the special certificate-
above mentioned, shall be, before passing the export Customs, or after passing
Customs re-importation, submitted to the regulations governing native Chinese •
goods.
Art. V.—It is understood that China, for the exploitation of its mines in the -
provinces of Yunnan, Kwangsi, and Kwangtung, will address itself, in the first
instance, to French commerce and engineers, the exploitation remaining otherwise
subject to the rules and the edicts by the Imperial Government which affects -
national industry. It is understood that railways already in existence or projected
in Annam can, after mutual agreement, and under conditions to be defined, be
prolonged on Chinese territory.
Art. VI.—Article II. of the Telegraphic Convention between France and China, .
signed at Chefoo, December 1, 1888, is completed as follows:—D.—A union shall be -
established between the secondarv,prefecture of Szemao and Annam by two stations -
which shall be Szemao in China and Muang Hahin in Annam, midway between
Laichow and Luang Prabang. The tariff shall be fixed in conformity with Article
VI. of the Telegraphic Convention of Chefoo.
Art. VII.—It is agreed that the commercial stipulations contained in the present •
Convention being of a special nature, and the result of mutual concessions deter-
mined by the necessities of the relations between Lungchow, Hokow, Mengtse, -
Szemao, and Annam, the advantages which result therefrom cannot be invoked by
the subjects and protected subjects of the two high contracting parties, but on these
points as well as on the fluvial and land ways here determined of the frontier.
Art. VIII.—The present stipulations shall be put in force as if they were in-
serted in the text of the additional Convention of June 26th, 1887.
Art. IX.—The terms of former Treaties, Agreements, and Conventions between.
France and China not modified by the present Treaty remain in full force. The pre-
sent complementary Convention shall be ratified immediately by His Majesty the
Emperor of China, and after it has been ratified by the President of the French
Republic the exchange of ratifications shall be made at Peking with the least delay
possible.
Done at Peking in four copies, June twentieth, one thousand eight hundred and .
ninety-five, corresponding to the twenty-eighth day of the fifth moon of the twenty- -
first year Kwang Hsu.
(Signed) A. Gerard.
„ Chino.
UNITED STATES
TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OE AMERICA
AND CHINA
Signed, in the English and Chinese Languages, at Tientsin
18th June, 1858
Ratifications exchanged at Pehtang, 16th August, 1859
The United States of America and the Ta-Tsing Empire, desiring to maintain
• firm, lasting, and sincere friendship, have resolved to renew, in a manner clear and
positive, by means of a Treaty or general Convention of Peace, Amity, and Commerce,
The rules which shall in future be mutually observed in the intercourse of their
respective countries; for which most desirable object the President of the United
States and the August Sovereign of the Ta-Tsing Empire have named for their
Plenipotentiaries, to wit: the President of the United States of America, William B.
Reed, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to China; and His
Majesty the Emperor of China, Kweiliang, a member of the Privy Council and
Superintendent of the Board of Punishments, and Hwashana, President of the Board
of Civil Office and Major-General of the Bordered Blue Banner Division of the
- Chinese Bannermen, both of them being Imperial Commissioners and Plenipotenti-
aries : And the said Ministers, in virtue of the respective full powers they have received
-from their Governments, have agreed upon the following Articles :—
Art I.—There shall be, as there has always been, peace and friendship between
the United States of America and the Ta-Tsing Empire, and between their people
respectively. They shall not insult or oppress each other for any trifling cause, so as
-to produce an estrangement between them; and if any other nation should act
unjustly or oppressive^, the United States will exert their good offices, on being
informed of the case, to bring about an amicable arrangement of the question, thus
showing their friendly feelings.
Art. II.—In order to perpetuate friendship, on the exchange of ratifications by
the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and
by His Majesty the Emperor of China, this Treaty shall be kept and sacredly guarded
in this way, viz.: The original Treaty, as ratified by the President of the United
States, shall be deposited at Peking, the capital of His Majesty the Emperor of China,
in charge of the Privy Council; and, as ratified by His Majesty the Emperor of China,
shall be deposited at Washington, the capital of the United States, in charge of the
Secretary of State.
Art. III.—In order tliat the people of the two countries may know and obey the
provisions of this Treaty, the United States of America agree, immediately on the
exchange of ratifications, to proclaim the same and publish it by proclamation in the
Gazettes where the laws of the United States of America are published by authority;
and His Majesty the Emperor of China, on the exchange of ratifications, agrees
immediately to direct the publication of the same at the capital and by the Governors
of all the provinces.
Art. IV.—In order further to perpetuate friendship, the Minister or Commis-
sioner, or the highest diplomatic representative of the United States of America in
China, shall at all times have the right to correspond on terms of perfect equality and
confidence with the officers of the Privy Council at the capital, or with the Governor-
General of the Two Kwang, of Pohkien and Chekiang, or of the Two Kiang; and
whenever he desires to have such correspondence with the Privy Council at the capital
he shall have the right to send it through either of the said Governors-General, or by
TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA 93
.general post; and all snch communications shall be most carefully respected. The
Privy Council and Governors-Gleneral, as the case may be, shall in all cases consider
and acknowledge such communications promptly and respectfully.
Art. Y.—The Minister of the United States of America in China, whenever he has
'business, shall have the right to visit, and sojourn at the capital of His Majesty the
Emperor of China and there confer with a member of the Pi'ivy Council or any other
high officer of equal rank deputed for that purpose, on matters of common interest
and advantage. His visits shall not exceed one in each year, and he shall complete
his business without unnecessary delay. He shall be allowed to go by land or come
to the mouth of the Pei-ho, in which he shall not bring ships-of-war, and he shall
inform the authorities of that place in order that boats may be provided for him to go
■on his journey. He is not to take advantage of this stipulation to request visits to
the capital on trivial occasions. Whenever he means to proceed to the capital he
shall communicate in writing his intention to the Board of Bites at the capital, and
thereupon the said Board shall give the necessary direction to facilitate his journey,
and give him necessary protection and respect on his way. On his arrival at the
-capital he shall be furnished with a suitable residence prepared for him, and he shall
defray his own expenses; and his entire suite shall not exceed twenty persons
exclusive of his Chinese attendants, none of whom shall be engaged in trade.
Art. VI.—If at any time His Majesty the Emperor of China shall, by Treaty
voluntarily made, or for any other reason, permit the representative of any friendly
nation to reside at his capital for a long or short time, then, without any further
consultation or express permission, the representative of the United States in China
shall have the same privilege.
Art. VII.—The superior authorities of the United States and of China in
corresponding together shall do so on terms of equality and in form of mutual
■communication (chau-ltwui). The Consuls and the local officers, civil and military,
in corresponding together shall likewise employ the style and form of mutual
communication (chau-hwui). When inferior officers of the one Government address
the superior officers of the other they shall do so in the style and form of memorial
{shin-chin). Private individuals, in addressing superior officers, shall employ the
style of petition (pin-ching). In no case shall any terms or style be used or suffered
which shall be offensive or disrespectful to either party. And it is agreed that no
present, under any pretext or form whatever, shall ever be demanded of the United
States by China, or of China by the United States.
Art. VIII.—In all future personal intercourse between the representative of
the United States of America and the Governors-General or Governors the interviews
shall be had at the official residence of the said officers, or at their temporary resi-
dence, or at the residence of the representative of the United States of America,
whichever may be agreed upon between them; nor shall they make any pretext for
declining these interviews. Current matters shall be discussed by correspondence
so as not to give the trouble of a personal meeting.
Art. IX.—^Whenever national vessels of the United States of America, in cruising
along the coast and among the ports opened for trade for the protection of the com-
merce of their country, or the advancement of science, shall arrive at or near any
of the ports of China, the commanders of said ships and the superior local authorities
of government shall, if it be necessary, hold intercourse on terms of equality and
courtesy, in token of the friendly relations of their respective nations ; and the said
vessels shall enjoy all suitable facilities on the part of the.Chinese Government in
procuring provisions or other supplies, and making necessary repairs. And the
United States of America agree that in case of the shipwreck of any American vessel
and its being pillaged by pirates, or in case any American vessel shall be pillaged or
captured by pirates on the seas adjacent to the coast, without being shipwrecked, the
national vessels of the United States shall pursue the said pirates, and if captured
deliver them over for trial and punishment.
Art. X,—The United States of America shall have the right to appoint Consuls
and other commercial agents for the protection of trade, to reside at such places in the
94 TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA
dominions of China as shall be agreed to be opened, who shall hold official intercourse-
and correspondence with the local officers of the Chinese Gfovernment (a Consul or a
Vice-Consul in charge taking rank with an intendant of circuit or a prefect), either
personally or in writing, as occasion may require, on terms of equality and reciprocal
respect. And the Consuls and local officers shall employ the style of mutual1
communication. If the officers of either nation are disrespectfully treated, or aggrieved
in any way by the other authorities, they have the right to make representation of
the same to the superior officers of their respective Governments, who shall see that
full inquiry and strict justice shall be had in the premises. And the said Consuls and
agents shall carefully avoid all acts of offence to the officers and people of China.
On the arrival of a Consul duly accredited at any port in China, it shall be the duty
of the Minister of the United States to notify the same to the Governor-General of
the province where such port is, who shall forthwith recognize the said Consul and
grant him authority to act.
Art. XI.—All citizens of the United States of America in China, peaceably
attending to their affairs, being placed on a common footing of amity and good-
will with subjects of China, shall receive and enjoy for themselves and everything
appertaining to them the protection of the local authorities of Government, who shall
defend them from all insult or injury of any sort. If their dwellings or property be-
threatened or attacked by mobs, incendiaries, or other violent or lawless persons, the
local officers, on requisition of the Consul, shall immediately despatch a military force-
to disperse the rioters, apprehend the guilty individuals, and punish them with the
utmost rigour of the law. Subjects of China guilty of any criminal act towards citizens,
of the United States shall be punished by the Chinese authorities according to the laws
of China, and citizens of the United States, either on shore or in any merchant vessel,
who may insult, trouble, or wound the persons or injure the property of Chinese, or
commit any other improper act in China, shall be punished only by the Consul or other
public functionary thereto authorized, according to the laws of the United States. Ar-
rests in order to trial may be made by either the Chinese or United States authorities.
Art. XII.—Citizens of the United States, residing or sojourning at any of the
ports open to foreign commerce, shall be permitted to rent houses and places of'
business or hire sites on which they can themselves build houses or hospitals,
churches, and cemeteries. The parties interested can fix the rents by mutual and
equitable agreement; the proprietors shall not demand an exorbitant price, nor shall
the local authorities interfere, unless there be some objections offered on the part of
the inhabitants respecting the place. The legal fees to the officers for applying their
seal shall be paid. The citizens of the United States shall not unreasonably insist
on particular spots, but each party shall conduct themselves with justice and
moderation. Any desecration of the cemeteries by natives of China shall be severely-
punished according to law. At the places where the ships of the United States-
anchor, or their citizens reside, the merchants, seamen, or others can freely pass and
re-pass in the immediate neighbourhood; but in order to the preservation of the
public peace, they shall not go into the counrty to the villages and marts to sell their
goods unlawfully, in fraud of the revenue.
Art. XIII.—If any vessel of the United States be wrecked or stranded on the
coast of China and be subjected to plunder or other damage, the proper officers of the
Government, on receiving information of the fact, shall immediately adopt measures
for its relief and security; the persons on board shall receive friendly treatment, and
be enabled to repair at once to the nearest port, and shall enjoy all facilities for
obtaining supplies of provisions and water. If the merchant vessels of the United
States, while within the waters over which the Chinese Government exercises
jurisdiction, be plundered by robbers or pirates, then the Chinese local authorities
civil and military, on receiving information thereof, shall arrest the said robbers or
pirates, and punish them according to law, and shall cause all the property which can
be recovered to be restored to the owners, or placed in the hands of the Consul. If
by reason of the extent of territory and numerous population of China it shall in any
case happen that the robbers cannot be apprehended, and the property only in part
TEEATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA 95
recovered, the Chinese Government shall not make indemnity for the goods lost; but
if it shall be proved that the local authorities have been in collusion with the robbers,
the same shall be communicated to the superior authorities fur memorializing the
Throne, and these officers shall be severely punished and their property be confiscated
to repay the losses.
Art. XIY.—The citizens of the United States are permitted to frequent the ports
and cities of Canton and Chan-cliau, or Swatow, in the province of Kwangtung; Amoy,
Foochow, and Tai-wan in Formosa, in the province of Fuhlrien; Ningpo in the province
■of Chekiang; and Shanghai in the province of Kiangsu, and any other port or place
hereafter by Treaty with other powers or with the United States opened to commerce;
and to reside with their families and trade there, and to proceed at pleasure with their
vessels and merchandise from any of these ports to any other of them. But said vessels
shall not carry on a clandestine or fraudulent trade at other ports of China, not declared
do be legal, or along the coasts thereof; and any vessel under the American flag violating
this provision shall, with her cargo, be subject to confiscation to the Chinese Govern-
ment ; and any citizen of the United States who shall trade in any contraband article
of merchandise shall be subject to be dealt with by the Chinese Government, without
being entitled to any countenance or protection from that of the United States ; and
the United States will take measures to prevent their flag from being abused by the
subjects of other nations as a cover for the violation of the laws of the Empire.
Art. XY.—At each of the ports open to commerce, citizens of the United States
shall be permitted to import from abroad, and sell, purchase, and export all merchan-
dise of which the importation or exportation is not prohibited by the laws of the Empire.
The tariff of duties to be paid by the citizens of the United States, on the export and
import of goods from and into China, shall be the same as was agreed upon at the
Treaty of Wanghia, except so far as it may be modified by Treaties with other nations,
it being expressly agreed that citizens of the United States shall never pay higher
duties than those paid by the? most favoured nation.
Art. XVI.—Tonnage duties shall be paid on every merchant vessel belonging to
the United States entering either of the open ports at the rate of four mace per ton of
forty cubic feet, if she be over one hundred and fifty tons burden; and one mace per
ton of forty cubic feet if she be of the burden of one hundred and fifty tons or under,
according to the tonnage specified in the register; which, with her other papers, shall,
on her arrival, be lodged with the Consul, who shall report the same to the Commis-
sioner of Customs. And if any vessel, having paid tonnage duty at one port, shall
go to any other port to complete the disposal of her cargo, or being in ballast, to
purchase an entire or fill up an incomplete cargo, the Consul shall report the same to
the Commissioner of Customs, who shall note on the port-clearance that the tonnage
duties have been paid, and report the circumstance to the collectors at the other
Custom-houses ; in which case the said vessel shall only pay duty on her cargo, and
not be charged with tonnage duty a second time. The collectors of Customs at the
open ports shall consult with the Consuls about the erection of beacons or light-
houses, and where buoys and lightships should be placed.
Art, XYIL—Citizens of the United States shall be allowed to engage pilots to
take their vessels into port, and, when the lawful duties have all been paid, take them
out of port. It shall be lawful for them to hire at pleasure servants, compradores,
linguists, writers, labourers, seamen, and persons for whatever necessary service, with
passage or cargo-boats, for a reasonable compensation, to be agreed upon by the
parties or determined by the Consul.
Art. XVIII.—Whenever merchant vessels of the United States shall enter a port,
the Collector of Customs shall, if he see fit, appoint Custom-house officers to guard
said vessels, who may live on board the ship or their own boats, at their convenience.
The local authorities of the Chinese Government shall cause to be apprehended all
mutineers or deserters from on board the vessels of the United States in China on
being informed by the Consul, and will deliver them up to the Consuls or other officers
for punishment. And if criminals, subjects of China, take refuge in the houses, or on
board the vessels of citizens of the United States, they shall not be harboured, but
TREA.TY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA
shall be delivered up to justice on due requisition bj the Chinese local officers^
addressed to those of the United States. The merchants, seamen, and other citizens
of the United States shall be under the superintendence of the appropriate officers of
their Grovernment. If individuals of either nation commit acts of violence or disorder,
use arms to the injury of others, or create disturbances endangering life, the officers of
the two Governments will exert themselves to enforce order and to maintain the
public peace, by doing impartial justice in the premises.
Art. XIX.—Whenever a merchant vessel belonging to the United States shall
cast anchor in either of the said ports, the supercargo, master, or consignee, shall,,
within forty-eight hours, deposit the ship’s papers in the hands of the Consul or
person charged with his functions, who shall cause to be communicated to the Super-
intendent of Customs a true report of the name and tonnage of such vessel, the number
of her crew, and the nature of her cargo, which being done, he shall give a permit for
her discharge. And the master, supercargo, or consignee, if he proceed to discharge
the cargo without such permit, shall incur a fine of five hundred Dollars, and the goods-
so discharged without permit shall be subject to forfeiture to the Chinese Government.
But if a master of any vessel in port desire to discharge a part only of the cargo, it
shall be lawful for him to do so, paying duty on such part only, and to proceed with,
the remainder to any other ports. Or if the master so desire, he may, within forty-
eight hours after the arrival of the vessel, but not later, decide to depart without
breaking bulk; in which case be shall not be subject to pay tonnage or other duties-
or charges, until, on his arrival at another port, he shall proceed to discharge cargo
when he shall pay the duties on vessel and cargo, according to law. And the tonnage
duties shall be held due after the expiration of the said forty-eight hours. In case
of the absence of the Consul or person charged with his functions, the captain or
supercargo of the vessel may have recourse to the Consul of a friendly Power ; or, if
he please, directly to the Superintendent of Customs, who-shall do all that is required
to conduct the ship’s business.
Art. XX.—The Superintendent of Customs, in order to the collection of the-
proper duties, shall, on application made to him through the Consul, appoint suitable
officers, who shall proceed, in the presence of the captain, supercargo, or consignee
to make a just and fair examination of all goods in the act of being discharged for
importation, or laden for exportation, on board any merchant vessel of the United
States. And if disputes occur in regard to the value of goods subject to ad valorem
duty, or in regard to the amount of tare, and the same cannot be satisfactorily
arranged by the parties, the question may, within twenty-four hours, and not after-
wards, be referred to the said Consul to adjust with the Superintendent of Customs.
Art. XXI.—Citizens of the United States who may have imported merchandise
into any of the free ports of China, and paid the duty thereon, if they desire to
re-export the same in part or in whole to any other of the said ports, shall be entitled
to make application, through their Consul, to the Superintendent cf Customs, who,,
in order to prevent fraud on the revenue, shall cause examination to be made, by
suitable officers, to see that the duties paid on such goods as are entered on the Custom-
house books correspond with the representation made, and that the goods remain
with their original marks unchanged, and shall then make a memorandum in the
port-clearance of the goods and the amount of duties paid on the same, and deliver
the same to the merchant, and shall also certify the facts to the officers of Customs
at the other ports; all which being done, on the arrival in port of the vessel in
which the goods are laden, and everything being found, on examination there, to
correspond, she shall be permitted to break bulk, and land the said goods without
being subject to the payment of any additional duty thereon. But if, on such
examination, the Superintendent of Customs shall detect any fraud on the revenue in
the case, then the goods shall be subject to forfeiture and confiscation to the Chinese
Government. Foreign grain or rice brought into any port of China in a ship of
the United States, and not landed, may be re-exported without hindrance.
Art. XXII.—The tonnage duty on vessels of the United States shall be paid on
their being admitted to entry. Duties of import shall be paid on the discharge of the
TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA t>7
goods, and duties of export on the lading of the same. When all such duties shall
have been paid, and not before, the Collector of Customs shall give a p!>rt-clearance,
and the Consul shall return the ship’s papers. The duties shall be paid to the shroffs
authorized by the Chinese Government to receive the same. Duties shall be paid and
received either in sycee silver or in foreign money, at the rate of the day. If the
Consul permits a ship to leave the port before the duties and tonnage dues are paid
he shall be held responsible therefor.
Art. XXIII.—When goods on board any merchant vessel of the United States
in port require to be transhipped to another vessel application shall be made to the
Consul, who shall certify what is the occasion therefor to the Superintendent of
Customs, who may appoint officers to examine into the iacts and permit the
transhipment. And if any goods be transhipped without written permits, they shall
be subject to b» forfeited to the Chinese Government.
Art. XXIV.—Where there are debts due by subjects of China to citizens of the
United States, the latter may seek redress in law; and, on suitable representation being
made to the local authorities through the Consul, they will cause due examination in
the premises, and take proper steps to compel satisfaction. And if citizens of the
United States be indebted to subjects of China, the latter may seek redress by
represen'ation through the Consul, or by suit in the Consular Court; but neither
Government will held itself responsible for such debts.
Art. XXV.—It shall be lawful for the officers or citizens of the Unite i States to
employ scholars and people of any part of China, without distinction of persons, to
teach any of the languages of the Empire, and assist in literary labours, and the
persons so employed shall not for that cause be subject to any injury on the part
either of the Government or individuals; and it shall in like manner be lawful for
citizens of the United States to purchase all manner of books in China.
Art. XXVI.—Relations of peace and amity between the United States and China
being established by this Treaty, and the vessels of the United States being admitted
to trade freely to and from the ports of China open to foreign commerce, it is further
agreed that, in case at any time hereafter China should be at war with any foreign
nation whatever, and should for that cause exclude such nation from entering her
ports, still the vessels of the United States shall none the less continue to pursue their
commerce in freedom and security, and to transport goods to and from the ports of
the belligerent Powers, full respect being paid to the neutrality of the flag of the
United States, provided that the said flag shall not protect vessels engaged in the
transportation of officers or soldiers in the enemy’s service, nor shall said flag be
fraudulently used to enable the enemy’s ships, with their cargoes, to enter the ports
of China; but all such vessels so offending shall be subject to forfeiture and confisca-
tion to the Chinese Government.
Art. XXVII.—All questions in regard to rights, whether of property or person,
arising between citizens of the Uniced States in China, shall be subject to the
jurisdiction and be regulated by the authorities of their own Government; and all
controversies occurring in China between citizens of the United States and the
subjects of any other Government ska 1 be regulated by the Treaties existing between
the United States and such Governments respectively, without interference on the
pa i't of China.
Art. XXVIII.—-If citizens of the United States have special occasion to address
any communication to the Chinese local officers of Government, they shall submit the
same to their Consul or other officer, to determine if the language be proper and
respectful, and the matter just and right, in which event he shall transmit the same
to the appropriate authorities for their consideration and action in the premises. If
subjects of China have occasion to address the Consul of the United States they may
address him directly, at the same time they inform their own officers, representing the
case for his consideration and action in the premises; and if controversies arise
between citizens of the United States and subjects of China, which cannot be amicably
settled otherwise, the same shall be examined and decided conformably to justice and
equity by the public officers of the two nations, acting in conjunction. The extortion
4
■93 ADDITIONAL TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA
of illegal fees is expressly prohibited. Any peaceable persons are allowed to enter
the Court in order to interpret, lest injustice be done.
Art. XXIX—The principles of the Christian Religion, as professed by the
Protestant and Roman Catholic Churches, are recognised as teaching men to do good,
and to do to others as they would have others to do to them. Hereafter those who
quietly profess and teach these doctrines shall not be harassed or persecuted on
account of their faith. Any person, whether citizen of the United States or Chinese
convert, who, according to those tenets, peaceably teaches and practises the principles
of Christianity, shall in no case be interfered with or molested.
Art. XXX.—The contracting parties hereby agree that should at any time the
Ta-Tsing Empire grant to any nation, or the merchants or citizens of any nation, any
right, privilege, or favour, connected either « :th navigation, commerce, political or
other intercourse, which is not conferred bv this Treaty, such right, privilege, and
favour shall at once freely enure to the benefit of the United States, its public officers,
merchants, and citizens.
The present Treaty of Peace, Amity, and Commerce shall be ratified by the
President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate,
within one year, or sooner, if possible, and by the August Sovereign of the Ta-Tsing
Empire forthwith; and the ratifications shall be exchanged within one year from the
•date of the signature thereof.
In faith whereof we, the respective Plenipotentiaries of the United States of
America and of the Ta-Tsing Empire, as aforesaid, have signed and sealed these
presents.
Done at Tientsin, this eighteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight and the Independence of the United States
of America the eighty-second, and in the eighth year of Hien Eung, fifth moon, and
eighth day.
[l.s.] William B. Reed.
[l.s.] Kweiliang.
[l.s.] Hwashana.
[Appended to the foregoing Treaty are Tariff and Rules identical with those
annexed to the British Treaty of Tientsin.]
ADDITIONAL TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED
STATES AND CHINA
Signed, in the English and Chinese Languages, at Washington,
28th July, 1868
Ratifications Exchanged at Peking, 23rd November, 1869
Whereas, since the conclusion of the Treaty between the United States of America
and the Ta-Tsing Empire (China) of the 18th June, 1858, circumstances have
arisen showing the necessity of additional Articles thereto: the President of the
United States and the August Sovereign of the Ta-Tsing Empire have named for
their Plenipotentiaries: to wit, the President of the United States of America,
William R. Seward, Secretary of State; and His Majesty the Emperor of China,
Anson Burlingame, accredited as his Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo-
tentiary, and Chih-kang and Sun-chia-ku, of the second Chinese rank, associated
high Envoys and Ministers of his said Majesty; and the said Plenipotentiaries, after
having exchanged their full powers, found to be in due and proper form, have agreed
upon the following Articles:—
Art. I.—His Majesty the Emperor of China, being of the opinion that in making
concessions to the citizens or subjects of foreign Powers, of the privilege of residing
ADDITIONAL TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA 93
on certain tracts of lani, or resorting to cortaii waters of that Empire, for purposes
of trade, he has by no means relinquished his right of eminent domain or dominion
over the said lands and waters, hereby agrees that no such concession or grant shall
be construed to give to any Power or party which may be at war with or hostile to
the United States, the right to attack the citizens of the United States, or their
property, within the said lands or waters: And the United States for themselves
hereby agree to abstain from offensively attacking the citizens or subjects of any
Power or party, or their property, with which they may be at war, on any such tract
of land or water of the said Empire. But nothing in this Article shall be construed
to prevent the United States from resisting an attack by any hostile Power or party
upon their citizens or their property.
It is further agreed that if any right or interest in any tract of land in China,
has been, or shall hereafter be, granted by the Gl-overnment of China to the United
States or their citizens for purposes of trade or commerce, that grant shall in no
event be construed to divest the Chinese Authorities of their right of jurisdiction
over persons and property within said tract of land except so far as the right may
have been expressly relinquished by Treaty.
Art. II.—The United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of China,
believing that the safety and prosperity of commerce will thereby best be promoted,
agree that any privilege or immunity in respect to trade or navigation within the
Chinese dominions which may not have been stipulated for by Treaty, shall be subject
to the discretion of the Chinese Government, and may be regulated by it accordingly,
but not in a manner or spirit incompatible with the Treaty stipulations of the parties.
Art. III.—The Emperor of China shall have the right to appoint Consuls at
ports of the United States, who shall enjoy the same privileges and immunities as
those which are enjoyed by public law and Treaty in the United States by the Consuls
of Great Britain and Russia, or either of them.
Art. IV.—The 29th Article of the Treaty of the 18th June, 1858, having stipulated
for the exemption of the Christian citizens of the United States and Chinese converts
from persecution in China on account of their faith, it is further agreed that citizens
of the United States in China of every religious persuasion, and Chinese subjects in
the United States, shall enjoy entire liberty of conscience, and shall be exempt from
all disability or persecution on account of their religious faith or worship in either
country. Cemeteries for sepulture of the dead, of whatever nativity or nationality,
shall be held in respect and free from disturbance or profanation.
Art. V.—The United States of America and the Emperor of China cordially
recognize the inherent and inalienable right of man to change his home and allegiance,
and also the mutual advantage of the free migration and emigration of their citizens
and subjects respectively from the one country to the other for the purposes of curiosity,
of trade, or as permanent residents. The high contracting parties, therefore, join in
reprobating any other than an entirely voluntary emigration for these purposes.
They consequently agree to pass law’s, making it a penal offence for a citizen of the
United States, or a Chinese subject, to take Chinese subjects either to the United
States or to any other foreign country; or for a Chinese subject or citizen of the
United States to take citizens of the United States to China, or to any other foreign
country, without their free and voluntary consent respectively.
Art. VI.—Citizens of the United States visiting or residing in China shall enjoy
the same privileges, immunities, or exemptions in respect to travel or residence as may
there be enjoyed by the citizens or subjects of the most favoured nation. And,
reciprocally, Chinese subjects visiting or residing in the United States shall enjoy
the same privileges, immunities, and exemptions in respect to travel or residence as
may there be enjoyed by the citizens or subjects of the most favoured nation. But
nothing herein contained shall be held to confer naturalization upon citizens of the
United States in China, nor upon the subjects of China in the United States.
Art. VII.—Citizens of the United States shall enjoy all the privileges of the
public educational institutions under the control of the Government of China; and,
reciprocally, Chinese subjects shall enjoy all the privileges of the public educational
4*
100 IMMIGRATION1 AND COMMERCIAL TREATIES BETWEEN THE U.S. & CHINA
institutions under the control of the G-overnmeut of the United States, which are
enjoyed, in the respective countries hv the citizens or subjects of the most favoured
nation. The citizens of the United States may freely establish and maintain schools
within the Empire of China at those places where foreigners are by Treaty permitted
to reside; and, reciprocally, Chinese subjects may enjoy the same privileges and
immunities in the United States.
Art. VTII.—The United States, always disclaiming and discouraging all prac-
tices of unnecessary dictation and intervention by one nation in the affairs or domestic
administration of another, do hereby freely disclaim and disavow any intention or
right to intervene in the domestic administration of China in regard to the construc-
tion of railroads, telegraphs, or other material internal improvements. On the other
hand, His Majesty the Emperor of China reserves to himself the right to decide the
time and manner and circumstances of introducing such improvements within his
dominions. With this mutual understanding it is agreed by the contracting parties
that, if at any time hereafter his Imperial Majesty shall determine to construct, or
cause to be constructed, works of the character mentioned within the Empire, and
shall make application to the United States or any other Western Power for facilities
to carry out that policy, the United States will in that case designate or authorize
suitable engineers to be employed by the Chinese Government, and will recommend
to other nations an equal compliance with such applications; the Chinese Government
in that case protecting such engineers in their persons and property, and paying
them a reasonable compensation for their services.
In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this Treaty and
thereto affixed the seals of their arms.
Done at Washington, the twenty-eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
[l.s.] (Signed) William H. Seward. [l.s.] (Signed) Chih Kang,
[l.s.] „ Anson Burlingame. [l.s.] „ Sun Chiaku.
IMMIGRATION AND COMMERCIAL TREATIES BETWEEN
THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA
Signed at Peking, in the English and Chinese Languages,
on the 17th November, 1880
The Immigration Treaty
Whereas, in the eighth year of Hien Fung, Anno Domini 1858, a Treaty of Peace
and Friendship was concluded between the United States of America and China, and
to which were added in the seventh year of Tung Chi, Anno Domini 1868, certain
supplementary Articles to the advantage of both parties, which supplementary Articles
were to be perpetually observed and obeyed; and
Whereas the Government of the United States, because of the constantly in-
creasing immigration of Chinese labourers to the territory of the United States, and
the embarrassments consequent upon such immigration, now desires to negotiate a
modification of the existing Treaties which will not be in direct contravention of their
spirit; now, therefore, the President of the United States of America appoints James
B. Angell, of Michigan; John F. Swift, of California; and William H. Trescott, of
South Carolina, as his Commissioners Plenipotentiary; and His Imperial Majesty
the Emperor of China has appointed Pao Chun, a member of His Imperial Majesty’s
Privy Council and Superintendent of the Board of Civil Office, and Li Hung Tsao, a
member of His Imperial Majesty’s Privy Council, as his Commissioners Plenipo-
tentiary ; and the said Commissioners Plenipotentiary, having conjointly examined
IMMIGRATION AND COMMERCIAL TREATIES BETWEEN THE U.S. & CHINA 101
their full powers, and, having discussed the points of possible modifications in existing
Treaties, have agreed upon the following Articles in modification
Art. I.—Whenever, in the opinion of the Government of the United States, the
coming of Chinese labourers to the United States, or their residence therein, affects,
or threatens to affect, the interests of that country, or to endanger the good order of
any locality within the territory thereof, the Government of China agrees that the
Government of the United States may regulate, limit, or suspend such coming or
residence, but may not absolutely prohibit it. The limitation or suspension shall be
reasonable, and shall apply only to Chinese who may go to the United States as
labourers, other classes not being included in the limitation. Legislation in regard
to Chinese labourers will be of such a character only as is necessary to enforce the
regulation, limitation, or suspension, of immigration, and immigrants shall not be
-subject to personal maltreatment or abuse.
Art. II.—Chinese subjects, whether proceeding to the United States as traders
or students, merchants, or from curiosity, together with their body and household
servants, and Chinese labourers who are now in the United States shall be allowed
to go and come of their own free will and accord and shall be accorded all the rights,
privileges, immunities, and exemptions which are accorded to the citizens and subjects
of the most favoured nations.
Art. III.—If Chinese labourers, or Chinese of any other class, now either
permanently or temporarily residing in the territory of the United States, meet with
ill-treatment at the hands of any other persons, the Government of the United States
will exert all its power to devise measures for their protection, and secure to them the
same rights, privileges, immunities and exemptions as may be enjoyed by the citizens
or subjects of the most favoured nation, and to which they are entitled by Treaty.
Art. IV. -The high contracting Powers, having agreed upon the foregoing
Articles, whenever the Government of the United States shall adopt legislative
measures in accordance therewith, such measures will be communicated to the
Government of China, and if the measures, as effected, are found to work hardship
upon the subjects of China, the Chinese Minister at Washington may bring the
matter to the notice of the Secretary of State of the United States, who will consider
the subject with him, and the Chinese Foreign Office may also bring the matter to
the notice of the U.S. Minister at Peking and consider the subject with him, to the
end that mutual and unqualified benefit may result. In faith whereof, the Plenipo-
tentiaries have signed and sealed the foregoing at Peking, in English and Chinese,
there being three originals of each text of even tenor and date, the ratifications of
which shall be exchanged at Peking within one year from the date of its execution.
Done at Peking, this 17th day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty, Kuang Hsu sixth year, tenth moon, fifteenth day.
Signed and sealed by the above-named Commissioners of both Governments
The Commercial Treaty
The President of the United States of America and His Imperial Majesty the
Emperor of China, because of certain points of incompleteness in the existing Treaties
between the twro Governments, have named as their Commissioners Plenipotentiary:
The President of the United Slates of America, James B. Angell, of Michigan; John
F. Swift, of California; and William H. Trescott, of South Carolina, as his Com-
missioners Plenipotentiary; and His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China has
appointed Pao Chun, a member of His Imperial Majesty’s Privy Council and Super-
intendent of the Board of Civil Office; and Li Hung Tsao, a member of His Imperial
Majesty’s Privy Council, as his Commissioners Plenipotentiary; and the said Com-
missioners Plenipotentiary, having conjointly examined their full powers, and having
discussed the points of possible modification in existing Treaties, have agreed upon
the following Additional Articles:—
Art. I.—The Governments of the United States and China, recognizing the
•benefits of their past commercial relations, and in order to still further promote such
102 IMMIGRATION AND COMMERCIAL TREATIES BETWEEN THE U.S. & CHINA
relation between the citizens and subjects of the two Powers, mutually agree to giro
the most careful and favourable attention to the representations of either as such
special extension of commercial intercourse as either may desire.
Art. II —The Governments of China and of the TJnited States mutually agree
and undertake that Chinese subjects shall not be permitted to import opium in any
of the ports of the United States, and citizens of the United States shall not be
permitted to import opium into any of the open ports of China, or transport from one
open port to any other open port, or to buy and sell opium in any of the open ports in
China. This absolute prohibition, which extends to vessels owned by the citizens
or subjects of either Power, to foreign vessels employed by them, or to vessels owned
by the citizens or subjects of either Power and employed by other persons for the
transportation of opium, shall be enforced by appropriate legislation on the part of
China and the United States, and the benefits of the favoured nation clauses in
existing Treaties shall not be claimed by the citizens or subjects of either Power as
against the provisions of this Article.
Art. III.—His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China hereby promises and
agrees that no other kind or higher rate of tonnage dues or duties for imports or ex-
ports or coastwise trade shall be imposed or levied in the open ports of China upon
vessels wholly belonging to citizens of the United States, or upon the produce, manu-
factures, or merchandise imported in the same from the United States, or from any
foreign country, or upon the produce, manufactures, or merchandise exported in the
same to the United States, or any foreign country, or transported in the same from
one open port of China to another, than are imposed or levied on vessels or cargoes
of any other nation, or on those of Chinese subjects. The United States hereby pro-
mises and agrees that no other kind or higher rate of tonnage duties and dues for
imports shall be imposed or levied in the ports of the United States upon vessels
wholly belonging to the subjects of his Imperial Majesty, coming either directly or
by way of any foreign port from any of the ports of China which are open to foreign
trade to the ports of the United States, or returning therefrom either directly or by
way of any foreign port to any of the open ports of China, or upon the produce,
manufactures, or merchandise imported in the same from China, or from any foreign,
country, than are imposed or levied on vessels of any other nations which make no
discrimination against the United States in tonnage dues or duties on imports,
exports, or coastwise trade, than are imposed or levied on vessels and cargoes of
citizens of the United States.
Art. IV.—When controversies arise in the Chinese Empire between citizens of
tbe United States and subjects of His Imperial Majesty, which need to be examined
and decided by the public officer of the two nations, it is agreed between the
Governments of the United States and China that such cases shall be tried by the
proper official of the nationality of the defendant. The properly authorized official
of the plaintiff’s nationality shall be freely permitted to attend the trial, and shall
be treated with the courtesy due to his position. He shall be granted all proper
facilities for watching the proceedings in the interest of justice, and if he so desire
he shall have the right to be present and to examine and to cross-examine witnesses.
If he is dissatisfied with the proceedings, he shall be permitted to protest against
them in debate. The law administered will be the law of the nationality of the officer
trying the case.
In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed the
foregoing, at Peking, in English and Chinese, there being three originals of each text,
of even tenor and date, the ratifications of which shall be exchanged at Peking within
one year from the date of its execution.
Done at Peking, this seventeenth day of November, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty, Kuang Hsu sixth year, tenth moon, fifteenth day.
(Signed) James B. Angell. (Signed) Pao Chun.
„ John E. Swift. „ Li Hung-tsao.
„ William H. Trescott.
IMMIGRATION PROHIBITION TREATY BETWEEN THE
UNITED STATES OE AMERICA AND CHINA, 1894
Ratifications Exchanged at Washington, 7th December, 1894
Whereas, on the 17th of November, a.d. 1880, and of Kwang Ilsu, the sixth
year, the tenth month, and the 15th day, a Treaty was concluded between the United
States and China for the purpose of regulating, limiting, or suspending the coming
of Chinese labourers to and their residence in the United States, and, whereas the
Government of China, in view of the antagonism and much deprecated and serious
-disorders to which the presence of Chinese labourers has given rise in certain parts
of the United States, desires to prohibit the emigration of such labourers from
China to the United States; and, whereas the two Governments desire to co-operate
in prohibiting such emigration and to strengthen in many other ways the bonds of
relationship between the two countries; and, whereas the two Governments are desirous
-of adopting reciprocal measures for the better protection of the citizens or subjects
of each within the jurisdiction of the other; now, therefore, the President of the
United States has appointed Walter Q. Gresham, Secretary of State, as his
Plenipotentiary, and his Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China has appointed
Tang Yui, Officer of the Second Rank, Sub-director of the Court of Sacrificial
Worship and Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, and the said
Plenipotentiaries having exhibited their respective full powers, found to be in due
•form and good faith, have agreed upon the following Articles:—
Art. I.—The high contracting parties agree that for a period of ten years
beginning with the date of the ratifications of this Convention, the coming, except
•under the conditions hereinafter specified, of Chinese labourers to the United States
shall be absolutely prohibited.
Art. II.—The preceding Article shall not apply to the return to the United
States of any registered Chinese labourer who has a lawful wife, child, or parent in
the United States or property therein of the value of $1,000, or debts of like amount
•due to him and pending settlement. Nevertheless, every such Chinese labourer
shall, before leaving the United States, deposit, as a condition of his return, with
the Collector of Customs of the district from which he departs, a full description in
writing of his family or property or debts as aforesaid, and shall be furnished by
the said Collector with such certificate of his right to return under this Treaty as
the laws of the United States may now or hereafter prescribe, and not inconsistent
with the provisions of the Treaty; and should lhe written description aforesaid be
proved to be false, the rights of return thereunder, or of continued residence after
return, shall in each case be forfeited. And such right of return to the United
States shall be exercised within one year from the date of leaving the United
States; but such right of return to the United States may be extended for an
additional period, not to exceed one year, in cases where by reason of sickness or
other cause of disability beyond his control such Chinese labourer shall be rendered
unable sooner to return, which facts shall be fully reported to the Chinese Consul
at the port of departure, and by him certified to the satisfaction of the Collector of
the port at which such Chinese subject shall land in the United States. And no
such Chinese labourer shall be permitted to enter the United States by land or sea
without producing to the proper officer of the Customs the return certificate herein
required.
104 IMMIGRATION PROHIBITION TREATY BETWEEN THE U.S. & CHINA
Art. III.—The provisions of the Convention shall not affect the right at present
enjoyed by Chinese subjects, being officials, teachers, students, merchants, or
travellers for curiosity or pleasure, but not labourers, of coming to the United
States and residing therein. To entitle such Chinese subjects as are above described
to admission into the United States they may produce a certificate either from their
Government or from the Government of the country where they last resided, vised
by the diplomatic or consular representative of the United States in the country or
port whence they depart. It is also agreed that Chinese labourers shall continue
to enjoy the privilege of transit across the territory of the United States in the
course of their journey to or from other countries, subject to such regulations by
the Government of the United States as may be necessary to prevent the said
privilege of transit from being abused.
.Art. IV.—In pursuance of Article III. of the Immigration Treaty between the
United States and China, signed at Peking on the 17th day of November, 1880, it is
hereby understood and agreed, that Chinese labourers or Chinese of any other class,
either permanently or temporarily residing in the United States, shall have for the
protection of their persons and property all rights that are given by the laws of the
United States to citizens of the more favoured nations, excepting the right to
become naturalized citizens. And the Government of the United States reaffirms
its obligations, as stated in the said Article III., to exert all its power to secure the
protection to person and property of all Chinese subjects in the United States.
Art, V. The Government of the United States having, by an Act of Congress,
approved May oth, 1892, as amended and approved November 3rd, 1893, required all
Chinese labourers lawfully within the United States, before the passage of the
first-named Act, to be registered, as in the said Acts provided, with a view of
affording them better protection, the Chinese Government will not object, to the
enforcement of the said Acts, and reciprocally the Government of the United States
recognises the right of the Government of China to enact and enforce similar laws
and regulations, for the registration, free of charge of all labourers, skilled or
unskilled (not merchants, as defined by the said Acts of Congress), citizens of the
United States in China whether residing within or without the Treaty Ports. And
the Govemruent of the United States agrees that within twelve months from the
date of the exchange of the ratifications of this Convention, and annually thereafter,
it will furnish to the Government of China registers or reports showing the full
name, age, occupation, and number or place of residence of all other citizens of the
United States, including missionaries residing both within and without the Treaty
Ports of China, not including, however, diplomatic and other officers of the United
States residing or travelling in China upon official business, togethe r with their
body and household servants.
Art. VI. -This Convention shall remain in force for a period of ten years,
beginning with the date of the exchange of ratifications, and if six months before
the expiration of the said period of ten years neither Government shall have formally
given notice of its final termination to the other, it shall remain in full force for
another like period of ten years.
In faith whereof, we, the respective Plenipotentiaries, have signed this
Convention and have hereunto affixed our seals.
Done, in duplicate, at Washington, the 17th day of March, a.d. 1894.
Walter Q. Gresham,
Secretary of State.
Yang Yui,
Chinese Minister to the United States-
COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED
STATES AND CHINA
Signed at Shanghai, 8th October, 1908
[Translatioii]
The United States Of America and His Majesty the Emperor of China, being
animated by an earnest desire to extend further the commercial relations between
them and otherwise to promote the interests of the peoples of the two countries, in
view of ihe provisions of the first paragraph of Article XI. of the Final Protocol
signed at Peking on the 7th day of September, a.d. 1901, whereby the Chinese Gov-
ernment agreed to negotiate the amendments deemed necessary by the foreign
Governments to the Treaties of Commerce and Navigation and other subjects concern-
ing commercial relations, with the object of facilitating them, have for that purpose
named as their Plenipotentiaries:—-
The United States of America, Edwin H. Conger, Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to China; John Goodnow,
Consul-General of the United States of America at Shanghai, John F. Seaman, a
Citizen of the United States of America resident at Shanghai;
And His Majesty the Emperor of China, Lu Pai-huan, President of the Board
of Public Works; Sheng Hsuan-huai, Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent,
formerly Senior Vice-President of the Board of Public Works; Wu Ting Fang,
Senior Vice-President of the Board of Commerce;
Who, having met and duly exchanged their full powers, which were found to be
in proper form, have agreed upon the following amendments to existing Treaties of
Commerce and Navigation previously concluded between the two countries, and upon
the subjects hereinafter expressed connected with commercial relations, with the
object of facilitating them.
Art. I.—In accordance with international custom, and as the diplomatic
representative of China has the right to reside in the Capital of the United States,
and to enjoy there the same prerogatives, privileges and immunities as are enjoyed
by the similar representative of the most favoured nation, the diplomatic representa-
tive of the United States shall have the right to reside at the capital of His Majesty
the Emperor of China. He shall be given audience of His Majesty the Emperor
whenever necessary to present his letters of credence or any communication from the
President of the United States. At all such times he shall be received in a place
and in a manner befitting his high position, and on all such occasions the ceremonial
observed toward him shall be that observed toward the representatives of nations on
a footing of equality, with no loss of prestige on either side.
The diplomatic representatives of the United States shall enjoy all the preroga-
tives, privileges and immunities accorded by international usage to such representatives,
and shall m all respects be entitled to the treatment extended to similar representatives
of the most favoured nation.
The English text of all notes or despatches from United States officials to
Chinese officials, and the Chinese text of all notes or despatches from Chinese officials
to United States officials shall be authoritative.
Art. II.—As China may appoint consular officers to reside in the United States
and to enjoy there the same attributes, privileges and immunities as are enjoyed by
consular officers of other nations, the United States may appoint, as its interests may
106 COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN UNITED STATES AND CHINA
require, consular officers to reside at the places in the Empire of China that, are now
or that may hereafter be opened to foreign residence and trade. They shall hold
direct official intercourse and correspondence with the local officers of the Chinese
Government within their consular districts, either personally oc in writing as the case-
may require, on terms of equality and reciprocal respect. These officers shall be
treated with proper respect by all Chinese authorities, and they shall enjoy all the-
attributes, privileges and immunities, and exercise all the jurisdicion over their
nationals which are or may hereafter be extended to similar officers of the nation the-
most favoured in these respects. If the officers of either Government are disrespect-
fully treated or aggrieved in any way by the authorities of the other, they shall have
the right to make representation of the same to the superior officers of their own
Government, who shall see that full inquiry and strict justice be had in the premises.
And the said consular officers of either nation shall carefully avoid all acts of offence
to the officers and people of the other nation.
On the arrival of a Consul properly accredited at any place in China opened to
foreign trade, it shall be the duty of the Minister of the United States to inform the
Board of Foreign Affairs, which shall, in accordance with international usage, forth-
with cause the due recognition of the said Consul and grant him authority to act.
Art. III.— Citizens of the United States may frequent, reside, and carry on trade,
industries and manufactures, or pursue any lawful avocation, in all the ports or
localities of China which are now open or may hereafter be opened to foreign trade
and residence; and, within the suitable localities at those places which have been or
may be set apart for the use and occupation of foreigners, they may rent or purchase
houses, places of business and other buildings, and rent or lease in perpetuity land
and build thereon. They shall generally enjoy as to their persons and property all
such rights, privileges and immunities as are or may hereafter be granted to the
subjects or citizens of the nation the most favoured in these respects.
Art. IV.—The Chinese Government, recognising that the existing system of
levying dues on goods in transit, and especially the system of taxation known as
lehin, impedes the free circulation of commodities to the general injury of trade,
hereby undertakes to abandon the levy of leMn and all other transit dues throughout
the empire and to abolish the offices, stations and barriers maintained for their
collection and not to establish other offices for levying dues on goods in transit.
It is clearly understood that, after the offices, stations and barriers for taxing goods
in transit have been abolished, no attempt shall be made to re-establish them in any
form or under any pretext whatsoever.
The Government of the United States, in return, consents to allow a surtax, in
excess of the tariff rates for the time being in force, to be imposed on foreign goods
imported by citizens of the United States and on Chinese produce destined for export
abroad or coastwise. It is clearly understood that in no case shall the surtax on
foreign imports exceed one and one-half times the import duty leviable in terms of
the final Protocol signed by China and the Powers on the seventh day of September,
a.d. J.901; that the payment of the import duty and surtax shall secure for foreign
imports, whether in the hands of Chinese or foreigners, in original packages or other-
wise, complete immunity from all other taxation, examination or delay; that the total
amount of taxation, inclusive of the tariff export duty leviable on native produce for
export abroad shall, under no circumstances, exceed seven and one-half per cent.
ad valorem.
Nothing in this Article is intended to interfere with the inherent righl of China
to levy such other taxes as are not in conflict with its provisions.
Keeping these fundamental principles in view, the high contracting parties
have agreed upon the following method of procedure:
The Chinese Government undertakes that all offices, stations and barriers of
whatsoever kind for collecting lehin, duties, or such like dues on goods in transit, shall
be permanently abolished on all roads, railways and waterways in the nineteen
Provinces of China and the three Eastern Provinees. This provision does not apply
to the native Customs offices at present in existence on the seaboard, at open ports
COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN UNITED STATES AND CHINA 107
where there are offices of the Imperial Maritime Customs, and on the land frontiers
Of China embracing the nineteen Provinces and the three Eastern Provinces.
Wherever there are offices of the Imperial Maritime Customs, or wherever such
may be hereafter placed, native Customs offices may also be established, as well as at
any point either on the seaboard or land frontiei s.
The Government of the United States agrees that foreign goods on importa-
tion, in addition to the effective five per cent, import duty as provided for in the
Protocol of 1901, shall pay a special surtax cf one and one-half times the amount of
the said duty to compensate for the abolition of leJcin, of other transit dues besides
lekin, and uf all other taxation on foreign goods and in consideration of the other
reforms provided for in this Article.
The Chinese Government may re-cast the foreign export tariff with specific
duties as far as practicable, on a scale not exceeding five per cent, ad valorem; but
existing export duties shall not be raised until at least six months’ notice has been
given, fu cases where existing export duties are above five per cent., they shall
be reduced to not more than that rate. An additional special surtax of one-half the
export duty payable for the time being, in lieu of internal taxation of all kinds, may
be levied at the place of original shipment, or at the time of export on goods exported
either to foreign countries or coastwise.
Foreign goods which bear a similarity to native goods shall be furnished by the
Customs officers, if required by the owner, with a protective certificate for each pack-
age, on the payment of import duty and surtax, to prevent the risk of any dispute in
the interior.
Native goods brought by junks to open ports, if intended for local consumption,
irrespective of the nationality of the owner of the goods, shall be reported at the
native Customs offices only, to be dealt with according to the fiscal regulations of the
Chinese Government.
Machine-made cotton yarn and cloth manufactured in China, whether by foreigners
at the open ports or by Chinese anywhere in China, shall as regards taxation be
on a footing of perfect equality. Such goods upon payment of the taxes thereon
shall be granted a rebate of the import duty and of two-thirds of the import surtax
paid on the cotton used in their manufacture, if it has been imported from abroad,
and of all duties paid tliereon if it be Chinese grown cotton. They shall also be free
of expwt duty, coast-trade duty and export surtax. The same principle and pro-
cedure shall be applied to all other products of foreign type turned out by machinery
in China.
A member or members of the Imperial Maritime Customs foreign staff shall be
selected by the Governors-General and Governors of each of the various provinces of
the Empire for their respective provinces, and appointed in consultation with the
Inspector-General of Imperial Maritime Customs, for duty in connection with native
Customs affairs to have a general supervision of their working.
Cases where illegal action is complained of by citizens of the United States shall
be promptly investigated by an officer of the Chinese Government of sufficiently high
rank, in conjunction with an officer of the United States Government, and an officer
of the Imperial Maritime Customs, each of sufficient standing; and, in the event of
it being found by the investigating officers that the complaint is well founded and
loss has been incurred, due compensation shall be paid through the Imperial Mari-
time Customs. The high provincial officials shall be held responsible that the officer
guilty of the illegal action shall be severely punished and removed from his post. If
the complaint is shown to be frivolous or malicious, the complainant shall be held
responsible for the expenses of the investigation.
When the ratifications of this Treaty shall have been exchanged by the high
contracting parties hereto, and the provisions of this Article shall have been accepted
by the Powers having Treaties with China, then a date shall be agreed upon when
the provisions of this Article shall take effect, and an Imperial Edict shall be
published in d,ue form on yellow paper and circulated throughout the Empire of
China setting forth the abolition of all lekin taxation, duties on goods in transit,
JOS COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN UNITED STATES AJS'D CHINA
offices, stations and barriers for collecting the same, and of all descriptions of internal
taxation on foreign goods, and the imposition of the surtax on the import of foreign
goods and on the export of native goods, and the other fiscal changes and reforms
provided for in this Article, all of which shall take effect from the said date. The
Edict shall state that the provincial high officials are responsible that any official
disregarding the letter or the spirit of its injunction shall be severely punished and
removed from his post.
Art. Y.—The tariff duties to be paid by citizens of the United States on goods
imported into China shall be as set forth in the schedule annexed hereto and mad©
part of this Treaty, subject only to such amendment and changes as are authorised
by Article IY. of the present Convention, or as may hereafter be agreed upon by the
present high contracting parties. It is expressly agreed, however, that citizens of
the United States shall at no time pay other or higher duties than those paid by the
citizens or subjects of the most favoured nation.
Conversely, Chinese subjects shall not pay higher duties on their imports into the
United States than those paid by the citizens or subjects of the most favoured nation.
Art. VI.—The Government of China agrees to the establishment by citizens of the
United States of warehouses approved by the proper Chinese authorities as bonded
warehouses at the several open ports of China, for storage, re-packing, or preparation
for shipment of lawful goods, subject to such needful regulations for the protection
of the revenue of China, including a reasonable scale of fees according to com-
modities, distance from the Custom-house, and hours of working, as shall be made
from' time to time by the proper officers of the Government of China.
Art. VII.—The Chinese Government, recognising that it is advantageous for
the country to develop its mineral resources, and that it is desirable to attract foreign
as well as Chinese capital to embark in mining enterprises, agrees, within one year
from the signing of this Treaty, to initiate and conclude the revision of the existing
mining regulations. To this end China will, with all expedition and earnestness, go
into the whole question of mining rules ; and, selecting from the rules of the United
States and other countries, regulations which seem applicable to the condition of
China, will recast its present mining rules in such a way as, while promoting the
interests of Chinese subjects and not injuring in any way the sovereign rights of
China, will offer no impediment to the attraction of foreign capital nor place foreign
capitalists at a greater disadvantage than they would be under generally accepted
foreign regulations ; and will permit citizens of the United States to carry on in
Chinese territory mining operations and other necessary business relating thereto,
provided they comply with the new regulations and conditions which may be imposed
by China on its subjects and foreigners alike, relating to the opening of mines, the
renting of mineral land, and the payment of royalty, and provided they apply for
permits, the provisions of which in regard to necessary business relating to such
operations shall be observed. The residence of citizens of the United States in
connection with such mining operations shall be subject to such regulations as shall
be agreed upon between the United States and China.
Any mining concession granted after the publication of such new rules shall be
subject to their provisions.
Art. VIII.—Drawback certificates for the return of duties shall be issued by the
Imperial Maritime Customs to citizens of the United States within three weeks of-
the presentation to the Customs of the papers entitling the applicant to receive such
drawback certificates, and they shall be receivable at their face value in payment of
duties of all kinds (tonnage dues excepted) at the port of issue; or shall, in the case
of drawbacks on foreign goods re-exported within three years from the date of
importation, be i-edeemable by the Imperial Maritime Customs in full in ready money
at the port of issue, at the option of the holders thereof. But if, in connection with
any application for a drawback certificate, the Customs authorities discover an
attempt to defraud the revenue, the applicant shall be dealt with and punished in
accordance with the stipulations provided in the Treaty of Tientsin, Article XXI., in
the case of detected frauds on the revenue. In case the goods have been removed
COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN UNITED STATES AND CHINA 105>
from Chinese territory, then the Consul shall inflict on the guilty party a fine to be
paid to the Chinese Government.
Art. IX.—Whereas the United States undertakes to protect the citizens of any
country in the exclusive*use within the United States of any lawful trade-marks,
provided that such country agrees by Treaty or Convention to give like protection to
citizens of the United States :—
Therefore the Government of China, in order to secure such protection in the
United States for its subjects, now agrees to fully protect any citizen, firm or corpora-
tion of the United States in the exclusive use in the Empire ot China of any lawful
trade-mark to the exclusive use of which they are entitled in the United States, or
which they have adopted and used, or intend to adopt aud use as soon as registered,
for exclusive use within the Empire of China. To this end the Chinese Government
agrees to issue by its proper authorites proclamations having the force of law, for-
bidding all subjects of China from infringing on, imitating, colourably imitating, or
knowingly passing off an imitation of trade-marks belonging to citizens of the United
States, which shall have been registered by the proper authorities ot the United States
at such offices as the Chinese Government will establish for such purpose, on payment
of a reasonable fee, after due investigation by the Chinese authorities, and in com-
pliance with reasonable regulations.
Art. X.—The United States Government allows subjects of China to patent their
inventions in the United States and protects them in the use and ownership of such
patents. The Government of China now agrees that it will establish a Patent Office.
After this office has been established and special laws with regard to inventions have
been adopted it will thereupon, alter the payment of the legal fees, issue certificates
of protection, valid for a fixed term of years, to citizens of the United States on all
their patents issued by the United States, in respect of articles the sale of which is
lawful in China, which do not infringe on previous inventions of Chinese subjects,
in the same manner as patents are to be issued to subjects of China.
Art. XI.—Whereas the Government of the United States engages to give the
benefits of its copyright laws to the citizens of any foreign State which gives to the
citizens of the United States the benetits of copyrights on an equal basis with its own
citizens:—
Therefore the Government of China, in order to secure such benefits in the United
States for its subjects, now agrees to give full protection, in the same way and
manner and subject to the same conditions upon wnich it agrees to protect trade-
marks, to all citizens of the United States who are authors, designers or proprietors
of any book, map, print or engraving especially prepared for the use and education
of the Chinese people, or translation into Chinese of any book, in the exclusive right
to print and sell such book, map, print, engraving or translation in the Empire of
China during ten years from the date of registration. With the exception of the
books, maps, etc., specified above, which may not be reprinted in the same form, no
work shall be entitled to copyright privileges under this Article. It is understood that
Chinese subjects shall be at liberty to make, print and sell original translations into
Chinese of any works written or of maps compiled by a citizen of the United States.
This Article shall not be held to protect against due process of law any citizen of the
United States or Chinese subject who may be author, proprietor or seller of any
publication calculated to injure the well-being of China.
Art. XII.—The Chinese Government having in 1898 opened the navigable
inland waters of the Empire to commerce by all steam vessels, native or foreign, that
may he specially registered for the purpose, for the conveyance of passengers and
lawful merchandise, citizens, firms and corporations of the United States may engage
in such commerce on equal terms with those granted to subjects of any foreign Power.
In case either party hereto considers it advantageous at any time that the rules
and regulations, then in existence for such commerce be altered or amended, the
Chinese Government agrees to consider amicably, and to adopt such modifications
thereof as are found necessary for trade and for the benefit of China.
110 COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN UNITED STATES AND CHINA
The Chinese Government agrees that, upon the exchange of the ratifications of
this Treaty, Mukden and Antung, both in the province of Sheng-king, will be opened
by China itself as places of international residence and trade. The selection of
fitting localities to be set apart for international use and occupation, and the regula-
tions for these places set apart for foreign residence and trade shall be agreed upon
by the Governments of the United States and China after consultation together.
Art. XIII.—China agrees to take the necessary steps to provide for a uniform
national coinage which shall be legal tender in payment of all duties, taxes and other
obligations throughout the Empire of China by the citizens of the United States as
well as Chinese subjects. It is understood, however, that all Customs duties shall
continue to be calculated and paid on the basis of the Haikuan Tael.
Art. XIY.—The principles of the Christian religion, as professed by the Pro-
testant and Roman Catholic Churches, are recognised as teaching men to do good
and to do to others as they would have others do to them. Those who quietly pro-
fess and teach these doctrines shall not be harassed or persecuted on account of their
faith. Any person, whether citizen of the United States or Chinese convert, who,
according to these tenets, peaceably teaches and practises the principles of Chris-
tianity shall in no case be interfered with or molested therefor. Xo restrictions shall
be placed on Chinese joining Christian Churches. Converts and non-converts, being
Chinese subjects, shall alike conform to the laws of China; and shall pay due respect
to those in authority, living together in peace and amity; and the fact of being con-
verts shall not protect them from the consequences of any offence they may have com-
mitted before or may commit after their admission into the Church, or exempt them
from paying legal taxes levied on Chinese subjects generally, except taxes levied and
contributions for the support of religious customs and practices contrary to their
religion. Missionaries shall not interfere with the exercise by the native authorities
of their jurisdiction over Chinese subjects; nor shall the native authorities make any
distinction between converts and non-converts, but shall administer the laws without
partiality so that both classes can live together in peace.
Missionary societies of the United States shall be permitted to rent and to lease
in perpetuity, as the property of such societies, buildings or lands in all parts of the
Empire for missionary purposes and, after the title deeds have been found in order
and duly stamped by the local authorities, to erect such suitable buildings as may be
required for carrying on their good work.
Art. XY.—The Government of China having expressed a strong desire to reform
its judicial system and to bring it into accord with that of Western nations, the
United States agrees to give every assistance to this reform, and will also be prepared to
relinquish extraterritorial rights when satisfied that the state of the Chinese laws, the
arrangements for their administration, and other considerations warrant it in so doing.
Art. XVI.—The Government of the United States consents to the prohibition
by the Government of China of the importation into China of morphia and of instru-
ments for its injection, excepting morphia and instruments for its injection imported
for medical purposes, on payment of tariff duty, and under regulations to be framed
by China which shall effectually restrict the use of such import to the said purposes.
This prohibition shall be uniformly applied to such importation from all countries.
The Chinese Government engages to adopt at once measures to prevent the manu-
facture in China of morphia and of instruments for its injection.
Art. XVII.—It is agreed between the high contracting parties hereto that all
the provisions of the several Treaties between the United States and China which
were in force on the first day of January, a.d. 1900, are continued in full force and
effect except in so far as they are modified by the present Treaty or other Treaties to
which the United States is a party.
The present Treaty shall remain in force for a period of ten years beginning with
the date of the exchange of ratifications and until a revision is effected as hereinafter
provided.
It is further agreed that either of the high contracting parties may demand
thiit the Tariff and the Articles of this Convention be revised at the end of ten years*
COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN UNITED STATES AND CHINA m
from the date of the exchange of the ratifications hereof. If no revision is demanded
before the end of the first term of ten years, then these articles in their present form
shall remain in full force for a further term of ten years reckoned from the end of
the first term and so on for successive periods of ten years.
The English and Chinese texts of the present Treaty and its three Annexes have
been carefully compared; but, in the event of there being ary difference of meaning
between them, the sense as expressed in the English text shall be held to be the
correct one.
Tins .treaty and its three Annexes shall be ratified by the two high contracting
parties m conformity with their respective constitutions, and the ratifications shall
be exchanged in Washington not later than twelve months from the present date.
In testimony whereof, we, the undersigned, by virtue of our respective powers,
have signed this Treaty in duplicate in the English and Chinese languages, and have
affixed our respective seals.
Done at Shanghai, this eighth day of October in the year of our Lord one
thousand nine hundred and three, and in the twenty-ninth year of Kuang Hsii eighth
month and eighteenth day.
Annex I.
As citizens of the United States are already forbidden by Treaty to deal in or
handle opium, no mention has been made in this Treaty of opium taxation.
As the trade in salt is a Gfovernment monopoly in China, no mention has been
made in this Treaty of salt taxation.
It is, however, understood, after full discussion and consideration, that the col-
lection of inland duties on opium and salt and the means for the protection of the
revenue therefrom and for preventing illicit traffic therein are left to be administered
by the Chinese Government in such manner as shall in no wise interfere with the
provision of Article IY. of this Treaty regarding the unobstructed transit of other
goods.
Annex II.
Article IV. of the Treaty of Commerce between the United States and China of this
date provides for the retention of the native Customs offices at the open ports. For the
purpose of safeguarding the revenue of China at such places, it is understood that the
Chinese Government shall be entitled to establish and maintain such branch native
Customs offices at each open port within a reasonable distance of the main native
Customs offices at the port, as shall be deemed by the authorities of the Imperial
Maritime Customs at that port necessary to collect the revenue from the trade into
and out of such port. Such branches, as well as the principal native Customs offices
at each open port, shall be administered by the Imperial Maritime Customs as pro-
vided by the Protocol of 1901.
Annex III.
The schedule of tariff duties on imported goods annexed to this Treaty under
Article Y. is hereby mutually declared to be the schedule agreed upon between the
representatives of China and of the United States and signed by John Goodnow for
the United States and Their Excellencies Lii Hai-huan and Sheng Hsiian-huai for
China at Shanghai on the sixth day of September, a.d. 1902, according to the Proto-
col of the seventh day of September, a.d. 1901.
PORTUGAL
PROTOCOL, TREATY, CONVENTION AND AGREEMENT
BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND CHINA
Art. I.—A Treaty of Friendship nnd Commerce with the most favoured nation
clause will be concluded and signed at Peking.
Art. II.—China confirms perpetual occupation and government of Macao and
its dependencies by Portugal, as any other Portuguese possession.
Art. III.—-Portugal engages never to alienate Macao and its dependencies without
agreement with China.
Art. IY.—-Portugal engages to co-operate in opium revenue work at Macao in the
same way as England in Hongkong.
Done at Lisbon, the 26th March, 1887.
Henbjque de. Baeeos Gomes.
James Duncan Campbell.
The Teeaty
Ratificatio7is Exchanged at Peking 28th April, 1888
His Most Faithful Majesty the King of Portugal and the Algarves, and His
Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China, desiring to draw closer and to consolidate the
ties of friendship which have subsisted for more than three hundred years between
Portugal and China, and having agreed in Lisbon on the 26th day of March, 1887. 2nd
day of drd moon of the 13th year of the reign of the Emperor Kwang Hsu, through
their representatives, on a Protocol of four Articles, have now resolved to conclude a
Treaty of Amity and Commerce to regulate the relations between the two States;
for this end they have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say:—
His Most Faithful Majesty the King of Portugal, Thomas de Souza Koza, his
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of Peking, Knight of
the Order of Nossa Senhora de Conceicao de Villa Vicosa, Grand Cross of the Order of
the Kising Sun of Japan and of the Crown of Siam, Commander of the Order of Charles
II. and of Isabella the Catholic of Spain, and Knight of the Iron Crown of Austria ;
His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China, His Highness Prince Ching, Pre-
sident of the Tsung-li Yamen, and Sun, Minister of the Tsung-li Yamen and Senior
Vice-President of the Board of Public Works;
Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers and
found them to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following Articles :—
Art. I.—There shall continue to exist constant peace and amity between His Most
Faithful Majesty the King of Portugal and His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China,
whose respective subjects shall equally enjoy in the dominions of the high contracting
parties the most complete and decided protection for their persons and property.
Art. II.—China confirms in its entirety the second Article of the Protocol of
Lisbon, relating to the perpetual occupation and government of Macao by Portugal.
It is stipulated that Commissioners appointed by both Governments shall proceed
to the delimitation of the boundaries, which shall be determined by a special Con-
vention; but so long as the delimitation of the boundaries is not concluded, every-
thing in respect to them shall continue as at present, without addition, diminution, or
alteration by either of the parties.
TEEATY BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND CHINa. 113
Art. III.—Portugal confirms the third Article of the Protocol of Lisbon, relating
to the engagement never to alienate Macao without previous agreement with China.
Art. IV.—Portugal agrees to co-operate with China in the collection of duties on
opium exported from Macao into China ports, in the same way and as long as England
co-operates with China in the collection of duties on opium exported from Hongkong.
The basis of this co-operation will be established by a Convention appended to
this Treaty, which shall be as valid and binding to both the high contracting parties
as the present Treaty.
Art. Y.—His Most Faithful Majesty the King of Portugal may appoint an
Ambassador, Minister, or other diplomatic agent to the Court of His Im-
perial Majesty the Emperor of China, and this agendas well as the persons of his
suite and their families, will be permitted, at the option of the Portuguese Govern-
ment, to reside permanently in Peking, to visit that Court, or to reside at any other
place where such residence is equally accorded to the diplomatic representative of other
nations. The Chinese Government may also, if it thinks fit, appoint an Ambassador,
Minister, or other diplomatic agent to reside at Lisbon, or to visit that Court when
his Government shall order.
Art. VI.—The diplomatic agents of Portugal and China shall reciprocally enjoy
in the place of their residence all the prerogatives and immunities accorded by the
laws of nations; their persons, families, and houses, as well as their correspondence,
shall be inviolate.
Art. VII.—The official correspondence addressed by the Portuguese authorities to
the Chinese authorities shall be written in the Portuguese language accompanied by
a translation in Chinese, and each nation shall regard as authoritative the document
written in its own language.
Art. VIII.—The form of correspondence between the Portuguese and the Chi-
nese authorities will be regulated by their respective rank and position, based upon
complete reciprocity. Between the high Portuguese and Chinese functionaries at the
capital or elsewhere, such correspondence will take the form of dispatch (Chau-hoei);
between the subordinate functionaries of Portugal and the chief authorities of the
provinces, the former shall make use of the form of exposition (Xen-chen) and the
latter that of declaration (Oha-hsing) ; and the subordinate officers of both nations
shall correspond together on terms of perfect equality. Merchants and generally all
others who are not invested with an official character shall adopt, in addressing the
authorities, the form of representation or petition (Pin-ching).
Art. IX.—His Most Faithful Majesty the King of Portugal may appoint
Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents in the ports or
other places where it is allowed to other nations to have them. These functionaries
will have powers and attributes similar to those of the Consuls of other nations,
and will enjoy all the exemptions, privileges, and immunities which at any time the
consular functionaries of the most favoured nation may enjoy.
The Consuls and the local authorities will show to each other reciprocal civilities
and correspond with each other on terms of perfect equality.
The Consuls and acting Consuls will rank with Taotais, Vice-Consuls, acting
Vice-Consuls, Consular Agents and interpreters-translators, with Prefects. The
Consuls must be officials of the Portuguese Government, and not merchants. The
* Chinese Government will make no objection in case the Portuguese Government
should deem it unnecessary to appoint an official Consul at any port and choose to
entrust a Consul of some other nation, for the time being, with the duties of Portu-
guese Consul at that port.
Art. X.—All the immunities and privileges, as well as all the advantages con-
cerning commerce and navigation, such as any reduction in the duties of navigation,
importation, exportation, transit or any other, which may have been or may be here-
after granted by China to any other State or to its subjects, will be immediately extended
to Portugal and its subjects. If any concession is granted by the Chinese Govern-
ment to any foreign Government under special conditions, Portugal, on claiming the
114 TREATY BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND CHINA
same concession for herself and for her own subjects, will equally assent to the condi-
tions attached to it.
Art XI.—Portuguese subjects are allowed to reside at, or frequent, the ports of
China opened to foreign commerce and there carry on trade or employ themselves
freely. Their boats may navigate without hindrance between the ports open to foreign
commerce, and they may import and export their merchandise, enjoy mg all the rights
and privileges enjoyed by the subjects of the most favoured nation.
Art. XII.—Portuguese subjects shall pay import and export duties on all mer-
chandise according to the rates specified in the tariff of 1858, adopted for all the other
nations; and in no instance shall higher duties be exacted from them than those paid
by the subjects of any other foreign nation.
Aid. XIII.—Portuguese subjects are permitted to hire any description of boats
they may require for the conveyance of cargo or passengers, and the price of said hire
will be fixed by the contracting parties alone, without interference by the Chinese
Government. Xo limit shall be put to the number of boats, neither will it be per-
mitted to any one to establish a monopoly of such boats or of the service of coolies
employed in the carriage of merchandise.
Should contraband articles be on board any such boats, the guilty parties shall
immediately be punished according to law.
Art. XIV.—Portuguese subjects residing in the open ports may take into their
service Chinese subjects, and employ them in any lawful capacity in China, without
restraint or hindrance from the Chinese Government; but shall not engage them for
foreign countries in contravention of the laws of China.
Art. XV.—The Chinese authorities are bound to grant the fullest protection to
the persons and to the property of Portuguese subjects in China, whenever they may
be exposed to insult or wrong. In case of robbery or incendiarism, the local autho-
rities will immediately take the necessary measures to recover the stolen property, to
terminate the disorder, to seize the guilty, and punish them according to the law.
Similar protection will be given by Portuguese authorities to Chinese subjects in the
possessions of Portugal.
Art. XVI.—Whenever a Portuguese subject intends to build or open houses,
shops or warehouses, churches, hospitals, or cemeteries, at the Treaty ports or at
other places, the purchase, rent, or lease of these properties shall be made out accord-
ing to the current terms of the place, with equity, without exaction on either side,
without offending against the usages of the people, and after due notice given by the
proprietors to the local authority. It is understood, however, that the shops or ware-
houses above mentioned shall only be allowed at the ports open to trade, and not in
any place in the interior.
Art. XVII.—Portuguese subjects conveying merchandise between open ports
shall be required to take certificates from the Superintendent of Customs such as
are specified in the regulations in force with reference to other nationalities.
But Portuguese subjects, who, without carrying merchandise, would like to ga
to the interior of China, must have passports issued by their Consuls and counter-
signed by the local authorities. The bearer of the passport must produce the same
when demanded, and the passport not being irregular, he will be allowed to proceed-
and no opposition shall be offered, especially to his hiring persons or vessels for the
carriage of his baggage or merchandise.
If he be without a passport, or if he commits any offence against the law, he
shall be handed over to the nearest Consul of Portugal to be punished, but he must
not be subjected to an oppressive measure. No passport need be applied for by
persons going on excursions from the ports open to trade to a distance not exceeding
100 li and for a period not exceeding five days.
The provisions of this Article do not apply to crews of ships, for the due restraint
of whom regulations will be drawn up by the Consul and the local authorities.
Art. XVIII.—In the event of a Portuguese merchant vessel being plundered
by pirates or thieves within Chinese waters, the Chinese authorities are to employ
TREATY BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND CHINA 115
-their utmost exertions to seize and punish the said robbers and to recover the stolen
goods, which, through the Consul, shall be restored to whom they belong.
Art. XIX.—If a Portuguese vessel be shipwrecked on the coast of China, or be
-compelled to take refuge in any of the ports of the Empire, the Chinese authorities,
on receiving notice of the fact, shall provide the necessary protection, affording
prompt assistance and kind treatment to the crews and, if necessary, furnishing them
with the means to reach the nearest Consulate.
Art. XX.—Portuguese merchant vessels of more than one hundred and fifty
tons burden will pay tonnage dues at the rate of four mace per ton ; if of one hundred
. and fifty tons and under they shall be charged at the rate of one mace per ton. The
Superintendent of Customs shall grant a certificate declaring that the tonnage dues
have been paid.
Art. XXI.—Import duties shall be paid on the landing of goods; and export
duties upon the shipment of the same.
Art. XXII.—The captain of a Portuguese ship may, when he deems convenient,
land only a part of his cargo at one of the open ports, paying the duties due on the
portion landed, the duties on the remainder not being payable until they are landed
at some other port.
Art. XXIII.—The master of a Portuguese ship has the option, within forty-
eight hours of his arrival at any of the open ports of China, but not later, to decide
whether he will leave port without opening the hatches, and in such case he- will not
have to pay tonnage dues. He is bound, however, to give notice of his arrival or
the legal registering as soon as he comes into port, under penalty of being fined in
case of non-compliance within the term of two days.
The ship will be subject to tonnage dues forty-eight hours after her arrival in
port, but neither then nor at her departure shall any other impost whatsoever be
exacted.
Art. XXIV.—All small vessels employed by Portuguese subjects in carrying
passengers, baggage, letters, provisions or any other cargo which is free of duty,
between the open ports of China, shall be free from tonnage dues; but all such vessels
•carrying merchandise subject to duty shall pay tonnage dues every four months at
the rate of one mace per ton.
Art. XXV.—Portuguese merchant vessels approaching any of the open ports
will be at liberty to take a pilot to reach the harbour; and likewise to take a pilot to
leave it, in case the said ship shall have paid all the duties due by her.
Art. XXVI.—Whenever a Portuguese merchant ship shall arrive at any of the
open ports of China, the Superintendent of Customs will send off one or more
• Custom-house officers, who may stay on board of their boat or on hoard of the ship
as best suits their convenience. These officers will get their food and all necessar es
from the Custom-house, and will not be allowed to accept any fee from the captain
of the ship or from the consignee, being liable to a penalty proportionate to the
amount received by them.
Art. XXVII.—Twenty-four hours after the arrival of a Portuguese merchant
ship at any of the open ports, the papers of the ship, manifest, and other documents,
shall be handed over to the Consul, whose duty it will be also to report to the
Superintendent of Customs within twenty-four hours, the name, the registered
-tonnage, and the cargo brought by the said vessel. If, through negligence or for
any other motive, this stipulation be not complied with within forty-eight hours
after the arrival of the ship, the captain shall be subject to a fine of fifty Taels for
■ each day’s delay over and above that period, but the total amount of the fine shall
not exceed two hundred Taels.
The captain of the ship is responsible for the correctness of the manifest, in
which the cargo shall be minutely and truthfully described, subject to a fine of five
hundred Taels as penalty in case the manifest should be found incorrect. This fine
however, will not be incurred if, within twenty-four hours after the delivery of the
manifest to the Custom-house officers, the captain expressed the wish to rectify any
-error which may have been discovered in the said manifest.
116 TREATY BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND CHINA
Art. XXVHI.—The Superintendent of Customs will permit the discharging of
the ship as soon as he shall have received from the Consul the report drawn up in due
form. If the captain of the ship should take upon himself to commence discharging-
without permission, he shall be fined five hundred Taels and the goods so discharged
shall be confiscated.
Art. XXIX.—Portuguese merchants having goods to ship or to land will have
to obtain a special permission from the Superintendent of Customs to that effect,,
without which all goods shipped or landed shall be liable to confiscation.
Art. XXX.—No transhipment of goods is allowed from ship to ship without
special permission, under penalty of confiscation of all the goods so transhipped.
Art. XXXI.—When a ship shall have paid all her duties, the Superintendent
of Customs will grant her a certificate and the Consul will return the papers, in order
that she may proceed on her voyage.
Art. XXXII.—When any doubt may arise as to the value of goods which by the
Tariff are liable to an ad valorem duty, and the Portuguese merchants disagree with
the Custom-house oflicers as regards the value of said goods, both parties will call
two or three merchants to examine them, and the highest offer made by any of the
said merchants to buy the goods will he considered as their just value.
Art. XXXIII.—Duties will be paid on the net weight of every kind of merchandise..
Should there be any difference of opinion between the Portuguese merchant and the
Custom-house officer as to the mode by which the tare is to be fixed, each party will
choose a certain number of boxes or bales from among every hundred packages of
the goods in question, taking the gross weight of said packages, then the tare of each
of the packages separately, and the average tare resulting therefrom will be adopted
for the whole parcel.
In case of any doubt or dispute not mentioned herein, the Portuguese merchant
may appeal to the Consul, who will refer the case to the Superintendent of Customs;
this officer will act in such a manner as to settle the question amicably. The appeal,
however, will only be entertained if made within the term of twenty-four hours ; and
in such a case no entry is to he made in the Custom-house books in relation to the
said goods until the question shall have been settled.
Art. XXXIV.—Damaged goods will pay a reduced duty proportionate to their
deterioration; auy doubt on this point will be solved in the way indicated in the
clause of this Treaty with respect to duties payable on merchandise ad valorem.
Art. XXXV.—Any Portuguese merchant who, having imported foreign goods
into one of the open ports of China and paid the proper duties thereon, may wish to
re-export them to another of the said ports, will have to send to the Superintendent
of Customs an account of them, who, to avoid fraud, will direct his officers to examine
whether or not the duties have been paid, whether the same have been entered on the
books of the Customs, whether they retain their original marks, and whether the
entries agree with the account sent in. Should everything be found correct, the same
will be stated in the export permit together with the total amount of duties paid, and
all these particulars will be communicated to the Custom-house officers at other ports.
Upon arrival of the ship at the port to which the goods are carried, permission
will be granted to land without any new payment of duties whatsoever if, upon
examination, they are found to be the identical goods; but if during the examination
auy fraud be detected, the goods may be confiscated by the Chinese Government.
Should any Portuguese merchant wish to re-export to a foreign country any
goods imported, and upon which duties have been already paid, he will have to mate
his application in the same form as required for the re-exportation of goods to
another port in China, in which case a certificate of drawback or of restitution of
duties will be granted, which will be accepted by any of the Chinese Custom-houses in
payment of import or export duties.
Foreign cereals imported by Portuguese ships into the ports of China may be
re-exported without hindrance if no portion of them has been discharged.
Art. XXXVI.—The Chinese authorities will adopt at the ports the measures which
they may deem the most convenient to avoid fraud or smuggling.
TREATY BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND CHINA 117
Art. XXXVII.—The proceeds of fines and confiscations inflicted on Portuguese
subjects, in conformity to this Treaty, shall belong exclusively to the Chinese
Government.
Art. XXXVIII.—Portuguese subjects carrying goods to a market in the interior
of the country, on which the lawful import duties have already been paid at any of
the open ports, or those who buy native produce in the interior to bring to the ports
on the Yang-tsze-kiang, or to send to foreign ports, shall follow the regulations
adopted towards the other nations.
Custom-house officers who do not comply with the regulations, or who may exact
more duties than are due, shall be punished according to the Chinese law.
Art. XXXIX.—TheConsuls and localauthorities shall consult together, when neces-
sary, as to the construction of Light-houses and the placing of Buoys and Light-ships.
Art. XL.—Duties shall be paid to the bankers authorized by the Chinese Govern-
ment to receive them in sycee or in foreign coin, according- to the official assay made
at Canton on the 15th July, 1843.
Art. XLI.—In order to secure the regularity of weights anil measures and, to-
avoid confusion, the Superintendent of Customs will hand over to the Portuguese-
Consul at each of the open ports standards similar to those given by the Treasury
Department for collection of public dues to the Customs at Canton.
Art. XLII.—Portuguese merchant ships may resort only to those ports of China
which are declared open to commerce. It is forbidden to them, except in the case of
force majeure provided for in Article XIX., to enter into other ports, or to carry
on a clandestine trade on the coast of China, and the transgressor of this order shall
be subject to confiscation of his ship and cargo by the Chinese Government.
Art. XLIII.—All Portuguese vessels despatched from one of the open ports of
China to another, or to Macao, are entitled to a certificate of the Custom-house, which
will exempt them from paying new tonnage dues, during the period of four months
reckoned from the date of clearance.
Art. XLIV.—If any Portuguese merchant ship is found smuggling, the goods
smuggled, no matter of what nature or value, will be subject to confiscation by the
Chinese authorities, who may send the ship away from the port, after settlement of
all her accounts, and prohibit her to continue to trade.
Art. XLV.—As regards the delivery of Portuguese and Chinese criminals, with
the exception of the Chinese criminals who take refuge in Macao, and for whose
extradition the Governor of Macao will continue to iollow the existing- practice, after
the receipt of a due requisition from the Viceroy of the Kwangs, it is agreed that,
in the Chinese ports open to foreign trade, the Chinese criminals who take refuge at
the houses or on board ships of Portuguese subjects shall be arrested and delivered
to the Chinese authorities on their applying to the Portuguese Consul; and likewise
the Portuguese criminals who take refuge in China shall be arrested and delivered
to the Portuguese authorities on their applying to the Chinese authorities; and by
neither of the parties shall the criminals be harboured nor shall there be delay in
delivering them.
Art. XLVI.—It is agreed that either of the high contracting parties to this
Treaty may demand a revision of the Tariff, and of the commercial Articles of this
Treaty, at the end of ten years; but if no demand be made on either side within six
months after the end of the first ten years, then the Tariff shall remain in force for
ten years more, reckoned from the end of the preceding ten years ; and so it shall be,
at the end of each successive ten years.
Art. XLVII.—All disputes arising between Portuguese subjects in China with
regard to rights, either of property or person, shall be submitted lo the jurisdiction
of the Portuguese authorities.
Art. XLVIII.—Whenever Chinese subjects become guilty of any criminal act
towards Portuguese subjects, the Portuguese authorities must report such acts to the
Chinese authorities in order that the guilty be tried according to the laws of China.
118 TREATY BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND CHINA
If Portuguese subjects become guilty of any criminal act towards Chinese subjects,
the Chinese authorities must report such acts to the Portuguese Consul in order that
■ the guilty may be tried according to the laws of Portugal.
Art. XLIX.—If any Chinese subject shall have become indebted to a Portuguese
subject and withholds payment, or fraudulently absconds from his creditors, the
Chinese authorities shall use all their efforts to apprehend him and to compel him to
pay, the debt being previously proved and the possibility of its payment ascertained.
The Portuguese authorities will likewise use their efforts to enforce the payment of
any debt due by any Portuguese subject to a Chinese subject.
But in no case will the Portuguese Government or the Chinese Government be
• considered responsible for the debts of their subjects.
Art. L.—Whenever any Portuguese subject shall have to petition the Chinese
authority of a district, he is to submit his statement beforehand to the Consul, who
will cause the same to be forwarded should he see no impropriety in so doing,
otherwise he will have it written out in other terms, or decline to forward it.
Likewise, when a Chinese subject shall have occasion to petition the Portuguese
'Consul he will only be allowed to do so through the Chinese authority, who shall
proceed in the same manner.
Art. LI.—Portuguese subjects who may have any complaint or claim against
any Chinese subject, shall lay the same before the Consul, who will take due
•cognizance of the case and will use all his efforts to settle it amicably. Likewise,
when a Chinese subject shall have occasion to complain of a Portuguese subject, the
Consul will listen to his complaint and will do what he possibly can to re-establish
harmony between the two parties.
If, however, the dispute be of such a nature that it cannot be settled in that
conciliatory way, the Portuguese Consul and Chinese authorities will hold a joint
investigation of the case, and decide it with equity, applying each the laws of his own
country according to the nationality of the defendant.
Art. LII.—The Catholic religion has for its essential object the leading of men
>to virtue. Persons teaching it and professing it shall alike be entitled to efficacious
protection from the Chinese authorities; nor shall such persons pursuing peaceably
'their calling and not offending against the laws be prosecuted or interfered with.
Art. LIII.—In order to prevent for the future any discussion, and considering
that the English language, among all foreign languages, is the most generally
known in China, this Treaty, with the Convention appended to it, is written in Por-
tuguese, Chinese, and English, and signed in six copies, two in each language. All
these versions have the same sense and meaning, but if there should happen to be any
divergence in the interpretation of the Portuguese and Chinese versions, the English
text will be made use of to resolve the doubts that may have arisen.
Art. LIY.—The present Treaty, with the Convention appended to it, shall be
■ratified by His Most Faithful Majesty the King of Portugal and the Algarves and
His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China. The exchange of the ratifications shall
be made, within the shortest possible time, at Tientsin, after which the Treaty,
with the Convention appended, shall be printed and published in order that the
functionaries and subjects of the two countries may have full knowledge of their
stipulations and may fulfil them.
In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Treaty
and have affixed their seals thereto.
Done in Peking, this first day of the month of December in the year of Our Lord
Jesus Christ one thousand eight hundred and eighty-seven, corresponding to the
Chinese date of the seventeenth day of the tenth moon of the thirteenth year of
Kwang-Hsu.
[l.s.] (Signed) Thomas de Souza Roza.
[Chinese Seal] Prince Ch’ing.
Signatures of the Chinese Plenipotentiaries. Sun-io-uen.
CONVENTION BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND CHINA
Convention
It having been stipulated in the Art. IV. of the Treaty of Amity and Commerce,
concluded between Portugal and China on the 1st day of the month of December,
1887, that a Convention shall be arranged between the two high contracting parties
in order to establish a basis of co-operation in collecting the revenue on opium ex-
ported from Macao to Chinese ports, the undersigned Thomas de Souza Roza, Envoy
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of His Most Faithful Majesty the King
of Portugal and the Algarves, in special mission to the Court of Peking, and His
Highness Prince Ching, President of the Tsung-li Yamen, and Sun, Minister of
the Tsung-li Yamen and Senior Vice-President of the Board of Public Works, Min-
isters Plenipotentiary of His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China, have agreed
on the following Convention in three Articles:—
Art. I.—Portugal will enact a law subjecting the opium trade of Macao to the-
following provisions:—
1. —No opium shall be imported into Macao in quantities
2. —All opium imported into Macao must, forthwith on a
the competent department under a public functionary appointed by the Portuguese
G-overnment, to superintend the importation and exportation of opium in Macao.
3. —No opium imported into Macao shall be transhipped, la
from one store to another, or exported, without a permit issued by the Superintendent.
4. —The importers and exporters of opium in Macao must k
ing to the form furnished by the Government, showing with exactness and clearness
the quantity of opium they have imported, the number of chests they have sold, to
whom and to what place they were disposed of, and the quantity in stock.
5. —Only the Macao opium farmer, and persons licensed
will be permitted to keep in their custody raw opium in quantities inferior to one chest.
6. —Regulations framed to enforce in Macao the executio
equivalent to those adopted in Hongkong for similar purposes.
Art. II.—Permits for the exportation of opium from Macao into Chinese ports,
after being issued, shall, be communicated by the Superintendent of Opium to the
Commissioner of Customs at Kung-pac-uan.
Art. III.—By mutual consent of both the high contracting parties the stipula-
tions of this Convention may be altered at any time.
In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed this
Convention.
Done in Peking this first day of December in the year of Our Lord Jesus Christ
one thousand eight hundred and eighty-seven, corresponding to the Chinese date of
the seventeenth day of the tenth moon of the thirteenth year of Kwang Hsu.
[l.s.] (Signed) Thomas de Souza Roza.
[Chinese Seal] Prince Ch’ing.
Signature of the Chinese Plenipotentiaries. SUN-IU-UEN.
Agreement
The basis of the co-operation to be given to China by Portugal in the collection
of duties on opium conveyed from Macao to Chinese ports, having been fixed by a
Convention appended to the Treaty of Amity and Commerce, concluded between
China and Portugal on the 1st December, 1887, and it being now convenient to come
to an understanding upon some points relating to the said co-operation as well as to
fixed rules for the treatment of Chinese junks trading with Macao, Bernardo Pinheiro
Correa de Mello, Secretary of the Special Mission of His Most Faithful Majesty in
.120 COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN CHINA AND PORTUGAL
Peking, duly authorized by His Excellency Thomas de Souza Roza, Chief of the said
Mission, and Sir Robert Hart, k.c.m.g., Inspector-General of the Chinese Imperial
Maritime Customs, provided with the necessary instructions from the Chinese
Government, have agreed ou the following:
1. —An office under a Commissioner appointed by the Fore
the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs shall be established at a convenient spot on
Chinese territory, for the sale of opium duty certificates, to be freely sold to merchants
and for such quantities of opium as they may require. The said Commissioner will
also administer the Customs stations near Macao.
2. —Opium accompanied by such certificates, at the rate of
Taels per picul, shall be free from all other imposts of every sort, and have all the
benefits stipulated for by the Additional Article of the Chefoo Convention between
China and Great Britain on behalf of opium on which duty has been paid at one of
the ports of China, and may be made up in sealed parcels at the option of the purchaser.
3. —The Commissioner of Customs responsible for the m
Customs stations shall investigate and settle any complaint made by Chinese mer-
chants of Macao against the Customs stations or revenue cruisers ; and the Governor
of Macao, if he deems it advisable, shall be entitled to send an officer of Macao to
be present and assist in the investigation and decision. If, however, they do not
agree, a reference may be made to the Authorities at Peking for a joint decision.
4. —Junks trading between Chinese ports and Macao, and the
be subject to any dues or duties in excess of those leviable on junks and their cargoes
trading between Chinese ports and Hongkong, and no dues whatsoever shall be de-
manded from junks proceeding to Macao from ports of China, or coming from Macao
"to ports in China, over and above the dues paid, or payable, at the ports of clearance
or destination. Chinese produce which has paid Customs duties and lehin tax before
entering Macao may be re-exported from Macao to Chinese ports without paying
Customs duties and lekin tax again, and will be only subject to the payment of the
tax named Siao-hao.
In witness whereof, this agreement has been written in Portuguese and English
and signed in duplicate at Peking this the first day of December, 1887.
(Signed) Bernardo Pinheiro Correa de Mello,
Secretary of the Special Mission of His Most Faithful Majesty.
(Signed) Sir Robert Hart,
Inspector-General of Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs.
COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN CHINA
AND PORTUGAL
Signed at Shanghai, November, 1904
Art. I.—The Treaty of Amity and Commerce between China and Portugal
dated the first day of December, 1887 (17th day, 10th moon, 13th year of Kwang Hsu),
continues in force except in so far as modified by the present Treaty.
Art. II.—Portugal accepts the increase in the import duties stipulated for in
Article VI. of the Peking Protocol of 7th September, 1901, from the date of the ratifica-
tion of this Treaty. Portugal will enjoy the privileges of the most favoured nation,
and in no case shall Portuguese subjects pay higher or lower duties than those paid by
the subjects of any other foreign nation. Article XII. of the Treaty of First Decem-
ber, 1887, is therefore rendered null and void.
C0MMEBA3IAL TREATY BETWEEN CHINA AND PORTUGAL 1211
Art. III.—The duty and lelcin on foreign opium will continue as provided for
in existing Treaties. The G-overnment of His Most Faithful Majesty agrees to con-
tinue as heretofore to co-operate with the Groverninent of His Imperial Chinese
Majesty in the collection of the duty and lekin on opiu-ii exported from Macao to
China, and also to co-operate in the repression of smuggling in accordance with the
Treaty and Special Opium Convention of 1st December, 1837. In oi*der to render this
co-operation effective, it is clearly stipulated that all opium imported into Macao
shall, on arrival, be registered at the Special G-overnment Bureau provided for this
purpose, and the Portuguese G-overnment will take the necessary steps in order to
have all this opium stored under its exclusive control in a depot from which it will be
removed as required by the demands of trade. The quantity of opium required for
consumption in Macao and its dependencies will be fixed annually by the Government
of Macao in agreement with the Commissioner of the Imperial Maritime Customs
referred to in Article II. of the above-mentioned Convention, and under no pretext
will removal from the Portuguese Government depot be permitted of any quantity of
opium for local consumption in excess of that fixed by the said agreement, and neces-
sary measures will be taken to prevent opium removed from the depot for re-export
to any port other than a port in China being sent fraudulently to Chinese territory.
The removal from the depot of opium for export will not be permitted except
on production of proof that such opium has already paid all dues and duties leviable
thereon by China. The rules for the carrying out of this Article shall be arranged by
delegates from the Government of Macao and the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs.
Art. IV.—Such steps as are necessary for the repression of smuggling in the
territory and watery of Macao shall be taken by the local Portuguese Government in
concert with the Commissioner of the Imperial Maritime Customs, and similar
steps in the Chinese territory and waters near Macao shall be taken by the Imperial
Maritime Customs in concert with the Portuguese Government of Macao. This co-
operation is intended to render such steps effective on all points in respect of which co-
operation is needed, and to avoid at the same time any injury to the sovereign rights-
of either of the high contracting parties. Special delegates from the local Government
of Macao and the Imperial Maritime Customs shall proceed to fix the respective zones
of operations, and shall devise practical means for the repression of smuggling.
Art. V.—With a view to the development of trade between Macao and neigh-
bouring ports in the Kwangtung Province, the high contracting parties have agreed
as follows:—
1. —Portuguese steamers desirous of proceeding for th
Macao to any of the ports of call and passenger stages on the West River,
enumerated in the Special Article of the English-Burmah Convention of 1897, and
Article X. of the British Treaty of Commerce of 1902, shall be permitted to do so,
provided they comply with the Special Regulations to be framed for this purpose by
the two high contracting parties.
2. —Steamers specially registered for trade under th
Navigation Rules shall be permitted to ply between Macao and places in the Depart-
ment of Kwang-chow-fu other than those mentioned in Section 1, provided they
report to the Kungpei-kuan Customs for examination of cargo and payment of duties
in accordance with Special Regulations to be framed for this purpose by the two high
contracting parties. Such vessels- may engage in all lawful trade, including the tow-
age of junks and conveyance of passengers and cargo, subject to the regulations for
the time being in force.
The privileges hereby granted are granted on the express understanding that
Special Regulations shall be framed defining in detail the conditions under which
such traffic may be carried on. Until then, the said Regulations have been agreed
upon and published, the Article shall not become operative; and subsequently only
on compliance with the said Regulations.
Art. VI.—Portugal having the right of most favoured nation treatment, it is •
clearly stipulated that any advantages China may think fit to grant to any nation in
122 COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN CHINA AND PORTUGAL
-the importation of agricultural products, specially wines and oil, or in the importa-
tion of industrial products, specially woollen and cotton goods arid preserved food-
stuffs, shall be extended to similar Portuguese goods on exactly the same conditions.
It is also clearly understood that Portuguese wine of all kinds proved by means
of certificate of origin, issued by Portuguese Consuls, to have been imported from
Portugal, direct or otherwise, shall when their alcoholic strength exceeds 14° pay
The duty leviable according to the annexed tariff on wines exceeding 14° of alcholic
•strength. Wine passed through the Chinese Customs under designation “ Port
Wine ” shall not be entitled to the benefit of this Article unless accompanied by a
•certificate of origin as above.
Art. VII.—Portuguese subjects may frequent, reside at, and carry on trade,
industries and manufactures, and pursue any other lawful avocation in all the ports
and localities in China which have alreaby been or may hereafter be opened to
foreign residence and trade ; and wherever in any such ports or localities a special
area has been or may hereafter be set apart for the use and occupation of foreigners,
Portuguese subjects may therein lease land, erect buildings, and in all respects enjoy the
same privileges and immunities as are granted to subjects of the most favoured nations.
Art. VIII.—Whereas China, with the object of reforming its fiscal system,
proposes to levy a surtax in addition to the tariff duties on all goods passing through
The Custom-houses, whether maritime or inland and frontier, in order to make good
•the loss incurred by the complete abolition of lehin, the Portuguese Government agrees
That foreign goods imported into China by Portuguese subjects shall on entry pay
an import surtax equivalent to one and a half times the duty fixed by the Import
Tariff as now revised, and that Chinese produce exported abroad by Portuguese sub-
jects shall pay export duties, inclusive of the tariff'export duty, not exceeding seven
and a half per cent, ad valorem, provided always that such import surtax and export
. duties have been accepted by all the Powers having Treaties with China. With
regard to the produce tax, consumption tax, and excise, as well as the duties on native
.opium and salt, leviable by China, Portugal further agrees to accept the same
arrangements as shall be agreed upon between all the Treaty Powers and China. It
ris, however, understood that the commerce, rights, and privileges of Portugal shall
not, in consequence of this undertaking, be placed in any way at a disadvantage as
compared with the commerce, rights, and privileges of any other Power.
Art. IX.—Drawback certificates for the return of duties shall be issued by the
Imperial Maritime Customs to Portuguese subjects within twenty-one days from the
„ date of presentation to the Customs of the papers entitling the applicant to receive
such drawback certificates. These certificates will be accepted at their face value by
the Customs authorities at the port of issue in payment of duties of all kinds, ton-
nage dues excepted; or shall, in the case of drawbacks for duty paid on foreign
goods re-exported abroad within three years from the date of importation, be
redeemable in full in ready money by the Imperial Maritime Customs at the port of
issue, at the option of the holders thereof. But if, in connection with any applica-
tion for a drawback certificate, the Customs authorities discover an attempt on the
part of a Portuguese subject to defraud the revenue, he shall be liable to a fine not
exceeding five times the amount of the duty whereof he attempted to defraud the
Customs, or to a confiscation of the goods. In case the goods have been removed
from Chinese territory, then the Consul shall inflict on the guilty party a suitable
fine to be paid to the Chinese Government.
Art. X.—China agrees to herself establish a system of uniform national coinage
and provide for a uniform national currency, which shall be freely used as legal
tender in payment of all duties, taxes, and other obligations by Portuguese subjects
as well as by Chinese subjects in the Chinese Empire. It is understood, however,
that all Customs duties shall continue to be calculated and paid on the basis of the
Haikwan Tael.
Art. XI.—The Government of His Most Faithful Majesty agrees to the prohibi-
tion by the Chinese Government of the importation into China of morphia and of
, instruments for its injection, on condition, however, that the Chinese Government
COMMEECIAL TREATY BETWEEN CHINA AND PORTUGAL- m-
will allow the importation of morphia and of instruments for its injection for medical
purposes by Portuguese doctors, chemists, and druggists, on payment of the
prescribed duty and under special permit which will only be granted to an intending
importer upon his signing at the Portuguese Consulate a suitable bond undertaking
not to sell morphia except in small quantities and on receipt of a requisition signed
by a duly qualified foreign medical practitioner. If fraud in connection with such
importation be discovered by the Customs authorities the morphia and instrument
for its injection will be seized and confiscated, and the importer will be denied the
right to import these articles.
Art. XII.—The Chinese Government recognizing that it is advantageous for
the country to develop its mineral resources, and that it is desirable to attract foreign
as well as Chinese capital to embark in mining enterprise, agrees to revise its exist-
ing mining regulations in such manner, by the selection of those rules in force in .
other nations which seem applicable to conditions in China, that the revision, while •
promoting the interests of Chinese subjects and in no way prejudicing the sovereign •
rights of China, will offer no impediment to the employment of foreign capital, nor
place foreign capitalists at a greater disadvantage than they would be under generally-
accepted foreign regulations, and will permit Portuguese subjects to carry on in •
Chinese territory mining operations and other necessary business relating thereto,
provided they comply with the new regulations and conditions which will be imposed
by China on its subjects and foreigners alike, relating to the opening of mines, the •
renting of mineral land, and payment of royalty, and provided they apply for permits,
the provisions of which, in regard to necessary business relating to such operations,
shall be observed. The residence of Portuguese subjects in connection with such
mining operations shall be agreed upon between Portugal and China. Any mining
concession granted after the publication of such new rules shall be subject to these
provisions.
Art. XIII.—It being only right that the shareholders of any joint stock com-
pany, or the partners in any commercial undertaking, should all be on a footing of
equality as regards division of profits and payment of obligations, according to the
partnership agreement or memorandum and articles of association, the Chinese
Government agrees that Chinese subjects joining with Portuguese subjuct in the or-
ganisation of a joint stock company or commercial undertaking, legally constituted,
shall be liable to the fulfilment of the obligations imposed by said agreement or
memorandum and articles of association, and that Chinese Courts will enforce fulfil-
ment of such obligations, if a suit to that effect be entered; provided always that
their liability shall not be other or greater than that of Portuguese shareholders or
partners in the same company or partnership. Similarly Portuguese subjects who
invest their capital in Chinese enterprises shall be bound to fulfil the obligations
imposed by the partnership agreement or memorandum, and articles of association,
and their liability shall be the same as that of the Chinese subjects engaged in the
same undertaking. But as existing Treaty stipulations do not permit foreign mer-
chants to reside in the interior of China for purpose of trade, such joint stock com-
panies and commercial undertakings may be established in the interior by Portuguese
and Chinese subjects conjointly.
Art. XIV.—As Portugal affords protection to trademarks used by subjects of
any other nationality, provided a like protection is reciprocated for trademarks used
by Portuguese subjects, China, in order to obtain this protection for its subjects in
Portuguese territory, agrees to grant protection to Portuguese trademarks .against
unlawful use, falsification or imitation by Chinese subjects. To this end the Chinese
Government will enact the necessary laws and regulations, and will establish
registration offices at which foreign trademarks may be registered on payment of
reasonable fees. Further, the Chinese Government agrees that, as soon as a Patent
Office has been established, and special laws with regard to inventions have been
adopted, it will, after payment of the prescribed fees, issue certificates, valid for a
fixed term of years, to Portuguese inventors, extending to their inventions the same
protection as shall be given to Chinese patents in Portugal, provided that such inven-
124 COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN CHINA AND PORTUGAL
tions do not infringe on previous inventions by subjects of China. Any Chinese or
Portuguese subject who is the author, proprietor, or seller of any publication
injurious to the peace and good government of China shall be dealt with in accordance
with the laws of his own country.
Art. XV.—The Government of China having expressed a strong desire to reform
its judicial system, and to bring it into accord with that of Western nations, Portugal
agrees to give every assistance to such reform, and will also be prepared to relinquish
extraterritorial rights when satisfied that the state of the Chinese laws, the arrange-
ments for their administration, and other considerations warrant it in so doing.
Art. XVI.—The missionary question in China demands, in the opinion of the
Chinese Government, careful consideration, so as .to avert in the future troubles
which have occurred in the past. Portugal, as a nation specially interested in the
protection of its Catholic missions in Chinese territory, agrees to join in a commission
to investigate this question and, if possible, to devise means for securing permanent
peace between converts and non-converts, should such a commission be formed by
China and the Treaty Powers interested. Xo person, whether Portuguese subject or
Chinese convert who, according to the tenets of Christianity, peaceably teaches or
practises the principles of that religion, which aims at teaching men to do good, shall
be persecuted or hai-assed on account of his faith. ■ But converts and non-converts,
being alike subjects of China, shall conform to her laws, and shall pay due respect
to those in authority, living together in peace and amity; and the fact of his being
a convert shall protect no one from the consequence of any offence he may have
committed before or may commit after his admission into the Church, or exempt him
from paying legal taxes and contributions levied for the support of religious customs and
practices contrary to his faith. Missionaries shall not interfere with the exercise by
the native authorities of their jurisdiction over Chinese subjects, nor shall the native
authorities make any distinction between converts and non-coimrts, but shall
administer the law without partiality, so that both classes may live together in peace.
Portuguese missions shall be permitted to rent and lease in perpetuity, as the
property of the mission, buildings or lands in all parts of the Empire for mission
purposes, and, after the title-deeds have been found in order and duly stamped by the
local authorities, to erect such suitable buildings as may be required for carrying out
their good work.
Art. XVII.—The present Treaty shall remain in force for a period of ten years
beginning with the date of the exchange of ratifications and until a revision is effected
as hereinafter provided.
It is further agreed that either of the two high contracting parties may
demand revision of the Tariff and the Articles of the Treaty six months before the
end of ten years from ihe date of the exchange of ratifications thereof. If no re-
vision is demanded before the end of the first term of the ten years, then these Articles
in their present form shall remain in full force for a further term of ten years
reckoned from the end of the first term and so on for successive periods of ten years.
Art. XVIII.—In order to prevent in the future any discussion, this Treaty is
written in Portuguese, Chinese and English, and signed in six copies, two in each lan-
guage. AH these versions have the same sense and meaning, but if there should happen
to be any divergence in the interpretalion of the Portuguese and Chinese versions,
the English text will be made use of to resolve the doubts that may have arisen.
Art. XIX.—The present Treaty shall be ratified by His Most Faithful Majesty
the King of Portugal and Algarves and His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China.
The exchange of the ratifications shall be made within the shortest possible time,
and the Treaty will be printed and published, in order that the functionaries and
subjects of the respective coui.tiies may have full knowledge of its stipulations and
may fulfil them.
In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Treaty
. and have affixed their seals thereto.
JAPAN
TREATY OE PEACE BETWEEN JAPAN AND. CHIN A
Signed at Shimonoseki (Bakan), Japan, on the 17th Aphid, 1895
B/xtifications Exchanged at Chefoo, China, on the 8th May, 1895
His Majesty the. Emperor of Japan, and His Majesty the Emperor of China
"desiring to restore the blessings of peace to their countries and subjects, and to
remove all cau^e for future complications, have named as their Plenipotentiaries for
the purpose of concluding a Treaty of Peace, that is to say:—
His Majesty the Emperor of Janan, Count Ito Hirobumi, Junii, Grand Cross of
the Imperial Order of Paullownia, Minister-President of State, and Viscount Mutsu
Mnnemitsu, Junii, First Class of the Imperial Order of the Sacred Treasure, Minister
of State for Foreign Affairs;
And His Majesty the Emperor of China, In Hung Chang, Senior Tutor to the
Heir Apparent, Senior Grand Secretary of State, Minister Superintendent <1 Trade
for the Northern Ports of China, Viceroy of the Province of Chihli, and Earl of the
First Rank, and Li Ching Fong, ex-Minister of the Diplomatic Service of the Second
Official Rank;
Who, after having exchanged their full powers, which were found to be in good
and proper form, have agreed to the following Articles:—
Art. I.—China recognizes definitely the full and complete independence and
autonomy of Corea, and, in consequence, the payment of tribute and the perform-
ance of ceremonies and formalities by Corea to China in derogation of such independ-
ence and autonomy shall wholly cease for the future.
Art. II.—China cedes to Japan in perpetuity and full sovereignty the follow-
ing territories, together with all fortifications, arsenals, and public property thereon:—
(a.) The southern portion of the Province of Feng-tien, within the following
boundaries—
The line of demarcation begins at the mouth of the River Yalu, and ascends that
stream to the mouth of the River An-ping; from thence the line runs to Feng Huang;
from thence to Haichcng; from thence to Ying Kow, forming a line which describes
the southern portion of the territory. The places above named are included in the
ceded territory. When the line reaches the River Liao at Ying Kow it follow the
course of that stream to its mouth, where it terminates. The mid-channel of the
River Liao shall be talon as the line of demarcation.
This cession also includes all islands appertaining or belonging to the Province
of Feng Tien situated in the eastern portion of the Bay of Liao Tung, and in the
northern part of the Yellow Sea.
(5.) The Island of Formosa, together with all islands appertaining or belonging
to the said Island of Formosa.
126 TEEATY BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA
(c.) The Pescadores Group, that is to say, all islands lying between the 119th
and 120th degrees of longitude east of Greenwich and the 28rd and 24th degrees of
north latitude.
Art. III.—The alignments of the frontiers described in the preceding Article, and
shown on the annexed map, shall be subject to verification and demarcation on the
spot by a Joint Commission of Delimitation, consisting of two or more Japanese and
two or more Chinese Delegates, to be appointed immediately after the exchange of
the ratifications of this Act. In case the boundaries laid down in this Act are found
to be defective at any point, either on account of topography or in consideration of
good administration, it shall also be the duty of the Delimitation Commission to
rectify the same.
The Delimitation Commission will enter upon its duties as soon as possible, and
will bring its labours to a conclusion within the period of one year after appointment.
The alignments laid down in this Act shall, however, be maintained until the
ratifications of the Delimitation Commission, if any are made, shall have received
the approval of the Governments of Japan and China.
Art. IY.—China agrees to pay to Japan as a war indemnity the sum of 200,000,000
Kuping taels. The said sum to be paid in eight instalments. The first instalment of
50,000,000 taels to be paid within six months, and the second instalment of 50,000,000
taels to be paid within twelve months, after the exchange of the ratifications of this
Act. The remaining sum to be paid in six equal annual instalments as follows : the
first of such equal annual instalments to be paid within two years, the second with-
in three years, the third within four years, the fourth within five years, the fifth
within six years, and the sixth within seven years after the exchange of the ratifications
of this Act. Interest at the rate of 6 per cent, per annum shall begin to run on all
unpaid portions of the said indemnity from the date the first instalment
falls due.
China shall, however, have the right to pay by anticipation at any time any or
all of said instalments. In case the whole amount of the said indemnity is paid
within three years after the exchange of the ratifications of the present Act, all
intei'est shall be waived, and the interest for two years and a half, or for any less-
period if then already paid, shall be included as a part of the principal amount of
the indemnity.
Art. Y.—The inhabitants of the territories ceded to Japan who wish to take up
their residence outside the ceded districts shall be at liberty to sell their real property
and retire. For this purpose a period of two years from the date of the exchange
of the ratifications of the present Act shall be granted. At the expiration of that
period those of the inhabitants who shall not have left such territories shall, at the
option of Japan, be deemed to be Japanese subjects.
Each of the two Governments shall, immediately upon the exchange of the
ratifications of the present Act, send one or more Commissioners to Formosa to effect
a final transfer of that province, and within the space of two months after the
exchange of the ratifications of this Act such transfer shall be completed.
Art. YI. —All Treaties between Japan and China having come to an end in
consequence of war, China engages, immediately upon the exchange of the ratifica-
tions of this Act, to appoint Plenipotentiaries to conclude with the Japanese Pleni-
potentiaries a Treaty of Commerce and Navigation, and a Convention to regulate
frontier intercourse and trade. The Treaties, Conventions, and Regulations, now
subsisting between China and European Powers, shall serve as a basis for the said
Treaty and Convention between Japan and China. From the date of the exchange
of the ratifications of this Act until the said Treaty and Convention are brought
into actual operation, the Japanese Government, its officials, commerce, navigation,
frontier intercourse and trade, industries, ships and subjects, shall in every respect
lie accorded by China most favoured nation treatment.
China makes, in addition, the following concessions, to take effect six months
after the date of the present Act:—
TREATY BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA 127
1. The following cities, towns, and ports, in addition to those already opened,
«shall be opened to the trade, residence, industries, and manufactures of Japanese
subjects under the same conditions, and with the same privileges and facilities as
■'■exist at the present open cities, towns, and ports of China,
(a.) Shashih, in the Province of Hupeh.
(b.) Chung King, in the Province of Szechuan.
(c.) Suchow, in the Province of Kiang Su.
(d.) Hangchow, in the Province of Chekiang.
The Japanese Government shall have the right to station Consuls at any or all
of the above-named places.
2. Steam navigation for vessels under the Japanese flag for the conveyance of
passengers and cargo shall be extended to the following places:—
(a.) On the Upper Yangtsze River, from Ichang to Chung King.
(6.) On the Woosung River, and the Canal, from Shanghai to Suchow and
Hangchow.
The Rules and Regulations which now govern the navigation of the inland waters
of China by foreign vessels, shall, so far as applicable, be enforced in respect
of the above-named routes, until new Rules and Regulations are conjointly
^agreed to.
3. Japanese subjects purchasing goods or produce in the interior of China or
“transporting imported merchandise into the interior of China, shall have the right
temporarily to rent or hire warehouses for the storage of the articles so purchased or
transported, without the payment of any taxes or exactions whatever.
4. Japanese subjects shall be free to engage in all kinds of manufacturing
industries in all the open cities, towns, and ports of China, and shall be at liberty to
import into China all kinds of machinery, paying only the stipulated import duties
thereon.
All articles manufactured by Japanese subjects in China, shall in respect of
inland transit and internal taxes, duties, charges, and exactions of all kinds and also
in respect of warehousing and storage facilities in the interior of China, stand upon
the same footing and enjoy the same privileges and exemptions as merchandise
imported by Japanese subjects into China.
In the event of additional Rules and Regulations being necessary in connection
with these concessions, they shall be embodied in the Treaty of Commerce and
Navigation provided for by this Article.
Art. VII.—Subject to the provisions of the next succeeding Article, the evacua-
tion of China by the armies of Japan shall be completely effected within three
months after the exchange of the ratifications of the present Act.
Art. VIII.—As a guarantee of the faithful performance of the stipulations of
this Act, China consents to the temporary occupation by the military forces of Japan,
of Wei-hai-wei, in the Province of Shantung.
Upon the payment of the first two instalments of the war indemnity herein
stipulated for and the exchange of the ratifications of the Treaty of Commerce and
Navigation, the said place shall be evacuated by the Japanese forces, provided the
Chinese Government consents to pledge, under suitable and sufficient arrangements,
the Customs Revenue of China as security for the payment of the principal and
interest of the remaining instalments of said indemnity. In the event of no such
arrangement being concluded, such evacuation shall only take place upon the pay-
ment of the final instalment of said indemnity.
It is, however, expressly understood that no such evacuation shall take place
until after the exchange of the ratifications of the Treaty of Commerce and
Navigation.
Art. IX.—Immediately upon the exchange of the ratifications of this Act, all
prisoners of war then held shall be restored, and China undertakes not to ill-treat or
TREATY BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA
punish prisoners of war so restored to her by Japan. China also engages to at once
release all Japanese subjects accused of being military spies or charged with any"
other military offences. China further engages not to punish in any manner, nor to
allow to be punished, those Chinese subjects who have in any manner been
compromised in their relations with the Japanese army during the war.
Art. X.—All offensive military operations shall cease upon the exchange of the
ratifications of this Act.
Art. XI.—The present Act shall be ratified by their Majesties the Emperor of
Japan and the Emperor of China, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Chefoo
on the eighth day of the fifth month of the twenty-eighth year of Meiji, corresponding
to the fourteenth day of the fourth month of the twenty-first year of Kwang Hsii.
In witness whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same and
have affixed thereto the seal of their arms.
Done at Shimonoseki, in duplicate, this seventeenth day of the fourth month
of the twenty-eighth year of Meiji, corresponding to the twenty-third of the third
month of the twenty-first year of Kwang Hsii.
[l.s.] Count Ito Htrobxjmi, Junii, Grand Cross of the
Imperial Order of Paullownia, Minister-President
of titate, Plenipotentiary of His Majesty the Emperor
of Japan.
[n.s.] Yiscount Mutstj Munemitsu, Junii, First Class
of the Imperial Order of the Sacred Treasure.
Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, Plenipotentiary
of His Majesty the Emperor of Japan.
[i*.s.] Li Hung-Chang, Plenipotentiary of His Majesty the
Emperor of China, Senior Tutor to the Heir Ap-
parent, Senior Grand Secretary of Northern Ports
of China, Viceroy of the Province of Chihli, and Earl
of the First Hank.
[l.s.] Li Ching-Eong, Plenipotentiary of His Majesty the
Emperor of China, Ex-Minister of the Diplomatic
Service, of the Second Official Bank.
TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION
Made at Peking, July 21st, 1896
His Majesty the Emperor of Japan and His Majesty the Emperor of China
having resolved, in pursuance of the provisions of Article YI. of the Treaty signed
at Shimonoseki on the 17th day of the 4th month of the 28th year of Meiji,
corresponding to the 2:]rc! day of the 3rd month of the 21st year of Kwang-Hsu, to
conclude a Treaty of Commerce and Navigation, have for that purpose named as
their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say:—
TREATY RETWEEN CHINA AND JAPAN 129
His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, Baron Hayashi Tadasu, Shoshii, Grand
Cross of the Imperial Order of the Sacred Treasure, Grand Officer of the Imperial
Order of the Rising Sun, Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extraordinary; and
His Majesty the Emperor of China, Chang Yin-hoon, Minister of the Tsung-li
Yamen, holding the rank of the President of a Board and Senior Vice-President
of the Board of Revenue.
Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, found to be
in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following Articles:—
Art. I.—There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between His Majesty
the Emperor of Japan and His Majesty the Emperor of China, and between their
respective subjects, who shall enjoy equally in the respective countries of the high
contracting parties full and entire protection for their persons and property.
Art. II.—-It is agreed by the high contracting parties that His Majestv the
Emperor of Japan may, if he see fit, accredit a Diplomatic Agent to the Court
of Peking and His Majesty the Emperor of China may, if he sees fit, accredit a
Diplomatic Agent to the Court of Tokyo.
The Diplomatic Agents thus accredited shall respectively enjoy all the pre-
rogatives, privileges and immunities accorded by international law to such Agents,
and they shall also in all respects be entitled to the treatment extended to similar
Agents of the most iavoured nation.
Their persons, families, suites, establishments, residences and correspondence
shall be held inviolable. They shall be at liberty to select and appoint their
own officers, couriers, interpreters, servants, and attendants without auy kind of
molestation.
Art. III.—His Majesty the Emperor of Japan may appoint Consuls-General,
Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents to reside at such of the ports, cities, and
towns of China which are now or may hereafter be opened to foreign residence and
trade, as the interests of the Empire of Japan may require.
These officers shall be treated with due respect by the Chinese Authorities, and
they shall enjoy all the attributes, authority, jurisdiction, privileges and immunities
which are or may hereafter be extended to similar officers of the nation most favoured
in these respects.
His Majesty the Emparor of China may likewise appoint Consuls-General, Consuls,
Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents to reside at any or all of those places in Japan
where Consular officers of other nations are now or may hereafter be admitted, and,
saving in the matter of jurisdiction in respect of Chinese subjects and property in
Japan which is reserved to the Japanese Judicial Courts, they shall enjoy the rights
and privileges that are usually accorded to such officers.
Art. IV.—Japanese subjects may, with their families, employes and servants,
frequent, reside and carry on trade, industries and manufactures or pursue any other
lawful avocations in all the ports, cities and towns of China, which a,re now or may
hereafter be opened to foreign residence and trade. They are at liberty to proceed to
or from any of the open ports with their merchandise and effects, and within the
localities at those places which have already been or may hereafter be set apart for
the use and occupation of foreigners, they are allowed to rent or purchase houses,
rent or lease land and to build churches, cemeteries and hospitals, enjoying in all
respects the same privileges and immunities as are now or may hereafter be granted
to the subjects or citizens ot the most favoured nation.
Art. V.—Japanese vessels may touch for the purpose of landing and shipping
passengers and merchandise, in accordance with the existing Rules and Regulations
concerning foreign trade there, at all those places in China which are now ports of
call, namely, Ngan-ching, Ta-tung, Hu-kow, Wu-sueh, Lu-chi-kow and Woosung
and such other places as may hereafter be made ports of call also. If any vessel
should unlawfully enter ports other than open ports and ports of call in China or
carry on clandestine trade along the coast or rivers, the vessel with her cargo shall be
subject to confiscation by the Chinese Government.
130 TREATY BETWEEN CHINA AND JAPAN
Art. VI.—Japanese subjects may travel, for their pleasure or fjr puroose of
trade, to all parts of the interior of China, under passports issued by Japanese Consuls
and countersigned by the local authorities. These passports, if demanded, must be
produced for examination in the localities passed through. If the passports be not
irregular, the bearers will be allowed to proceed and no opposition shall be offered
to their hiring of persons, animals, carts or vessels for their own conveyance or for
the carriage of their personal effects or merchandise. If they be without passports or
if they commit any offence against the law, they shall be handed over to the nearest
Consul for punishment, but they shall only be subject to necessary restraint and in no
•case to ill-usage. Such passports shall remain in force for a period of 13 Chinese
months from the date of issue. Any Japanese subject travelling in the interior
without a passport shall be liable to a fine not exceeding 3f*0 Taels. Japanese sub-
jects may, however, without passports go on excursions from any of the ports open
to trade, to a distance not exceeding 100 Chinese li and for a period not exceeding
five days. The provisions of this article do not apply to crews of ships.
Art. VII.—Japanese subjects residing in the open ports of China may take
into their service Chinese subjects and employ them in any lawful capacity without
restraint or hindrance from the Chinese Government or authorities.
Art. VIII.—Japanese sub jects may hire whatever boats they please for the
conveyance of cargo or passengers and the sum to be paid for such boats shall be
settled between the parties themselves, without the interference of the Chinese
Government or officers. No limit shall be put upon the number of boats, neither
shall a monopoly, in respect either of the boats or of the porters or coolies engaged
in carrying goods, be granted to any parties. If any smuggling takes place in
them the offenders will, of course, be punished according to law.
Art. IX.—The Tariffs and Tariff Rules now in force between China and
the Western Powers shall be applicable to all articles upon importation into
China by Japanese subjects or from Japan, or upon exportation from China
by Japanese subjects or to Japan. It is clearly understood that all articles, the
importation or exportation of which is not expressly limited or prohibited by the
Tariffs and Tariff Rules existing between China and the Western Powers, may be
freely imported into and exported from China, subject only to the payment of the
stipulated import or export duties. But in no case shall Japanese subjects be called
upon to pay in China other or higher import or export duties than are or may
be paid by the subjects or citizens of the most favoured nation ; nor shall any
article imported into China from Japan or exported from China to Japan, be
charged upon such importation or exportation, other or higher duties than are now
or may hereafter be imposed in China on the like article when imported from or
exported to the nation most favoured in those respects.
Art. X.—All articles duly imported into China by Japanese subjects or from
Japan shall, while being transported, subject to the existing Regulations, from one
open port to another, be wholly exempt from all taxes, imposts, duties, lekia, charges
and exactions of every nature and kind whatsoever, irrespective of the nationality
of the owner or possessor of the articles, or the nationality of the conveyance or
vessel in which the transportation is made.
Art. XI.—-It shall be at the option of any Japanese subject desiring to convey
duly imported articles to an inland market, to clear bis goods of all transit duties
by payment of a commutation transit tax or duty, equal to one-half of the import
duty in respect of dutiable articles, and two and a half per cent, upon the value in
respect of duty-free articles; and on payment thereof a certificate shall be issued
which shall exempt the goods from all further inland charges whatsoever.
It is understood that this Article does not apply to imported Opium.
Art. XII.—All Chinese goods and produce purchased by Japanese subjects in
China elsewhere than at an open port thereof and intended for export abroad, shall
in every part of China be freed from all taxes, imposts, duties, lekin, charges and
exactions of every nature and kind whatsoever, saving only export duties when
exported, upon the payment of a commutation transit tax or duty calculated at the
TREATY BETWEEN CHINA AND JAPAN J31
rate mentioned in the last preceding Article, substituting export duty for import
duty, provided such goods and produce are actually exported to a foreign country
within the period of 12 months from the date of the payment of the transit tax.
All Chinese goods and produce purchased by Japanese subjects at the open ports of
China, and of which export to foreign countries is not prohibited, shall be exempt
from all internal taxes, imposts, duties, lekin, charges and exactions of every
mature and kind whatsoever, saving only export duties upon exportation, and all
articles purchased by Japanese subjects in any part of China, may also, for the
purposes of export abroad, be transported from open port to open port subject to
the existing Rules and Eegulations.
Art. XIII.—Merchandise of a bond fide foreign origin, in respect of which full
import duty shall have been paid, may at any time within three years from the date
of importation, be re-exported from China by Japanese subjects to any foreign
country, without the payment of any export duty, and the re-exporters shall, in
addition, be entitled forthwith to receive from the Chinese Customs drawback certi-
ficates for the amount of import duty paid thereon, provided that the merchandise
remains intact and unchanged in its original packages. Such drawback certificates
shall be immediately redeemable in n ady money by the Chinese Customs Authorities
at the option of the holders thereof.
Art. XIV.—The Chinese Government consents to the establishment of Bonded
Warehouses at the several open ports of China. Regulations on the subject shall
be made hereafter.
Art. XV.—Japanese merchant vessels of more than 150 tons burden, entering
the open ports of China, shall be charged tonnage dues at the rate of 4 mace per
registered ton ; if of 150 tons and under, they shall be charged at the rate of 1 mace
per registered ton. But any such vessel taking its departure within 48 hours after
arrival, without breaking bulk, shall be exempt from the'payment of tonnage dues.
Japanese vessels having paid the above specified tonnage dues shall thereafter
be exempt from all tonnage dues in all the open ports and ports of call of China, for
the period of four months from the date of clearance from the port where the pay-
ment of such tonnage dues is made. Japanese vessels shall not, however, be required
to pay tonnage dues for the period during which they are actually undergoing repairs
in China.
No tonnage dues shall be payable on small vessels and boats employed by
Japanese subjects in the conveyance of passengers’ baggage, letters, or duty-free
articles between any of the open ports of China. All small, vessels and cargo boats,
however, conveying merchandise which is, at the time of such conveying, subject
to duty, shall pav tonnage dues once in four months at the rate of 1 mace per ton.
No fee or charges, other than tonnage dues, shall be levied upon Japanese
vessels and boats, and it is also understood that such vessels and boats shall not be
required to pay other or higher tonnage dues than the vessels and boats of the most
favoured nation.
Art. XVI.—Any Japanese merchant vessel arriving at an open port of China
shall be at lil>erty to engage the services of a pilot to take her into port. In like
manner, after she has discharged all legal dues and duties and is ready to take her
departure, she sha.ll be allowed to employ a pilot to take her out of port.
Art. XVII.—Japanese merchant vessels compelled on account of injury sustained
or any other cause, to seek a place of refuge, shall be permitted to enter any nearest
port of China, without being subject to the payment of tonnage dues or duties upon
goods landed in order that repairs to the vessel may be effected, provided the goods,
so landed remain under the supervision of the Customs authorities. Should any
such vessel be stranded or wrecked on the coast of China, the Chinese authorities
shall immediately adopt measures for rescuing the passengers and crew and for
securing the vessel and cargo. The persons thus saved shall receive frendly
treatment, and, if necessary, shall be furnished with means of conveyance to
the nearest Consular station. Should any Chinese merchant vessel be compelled on
account of injury sustained or any other cause to seek a place of refuge in the nearest
132 TBKATY BETWEEN CHINA AND JAPAN
•port of Japan, she shall likewise be treated in the same way by the Japanese
authorities.
Art. X VIII.—The Chinese authorities at the Several open ports shall adopt such
means as theyr judge most proper to1 prevent the revenue suffering from fraud or
smuggling. •
Art. XIX.—If any Japahesb' vessel be plundered by Chinese robbers or pirates,
it shall be the duty of the Chinese alithorities to use every endeavour to capture and
punish the said robbers or pirates and to recover and restore the stolen property.
Art. XX.—Jurisdiction over the persons and property of Japanese subjects in
China is reserved exclusively to the duly authorized Japanese authorities, who shall
hear and determine all cases brought against Japanese subjects or property by Jap-
anese subjects or by the subjects or citizens of any other Power, without the interven-
tion of the Chine«e authorities. ,,
Art. XXI.—If the Chinese authorities or a Chinese subject make any charge
•or complaint of a civil nature against Japanese subjects or in respect of Japanese
property in China, the case shall be heard and decided by the Japanese authorities.
In like manner all charges and complaints of a civil nature brought by Japanese
-authorities or subjects in China against Chinese subjects or in respect of Chinese
property, shall be heard and determined by the Chinese authorities.
Art. XXTI.—Japanese subjects, charged with the commission of any crimes or
offences in China, shall be tried and, if found guilty, punished by the Japanese
authorities according to the laws of Japan.
In like manner Chinese subjects charged with the commission of any crimes or
•offences against Japanese subjects in China, shall be tried and, if found guilty,
punished by the Chinese authorities according to the laws of China.
Art. XXIII.—Should any Cliinese subject fail to discharge debts incurred to a
Japanese subject or should he fraudulently abscond, the Chinese authorities will do
their utmost to effect his arrest, and enforce recovery of the debts. The Japanese
Authorities will likewise do their utmost to bring to justice any Japanese subject
who fraudulently absconds or fails to discharge debts incurred by him to a Chinese
subject.
Art. XXIV.—If Japanese subjects in China who have committed offences or have
•failed to discharge debts and fraudulently abscond should flee to the interior of
China or take refuge in houses occupied by Chinese subjects or on board of Chinese
ships the Chinese authorities shall, at the request of the Japanese Consul, deliver
them to the Japanese authorities.
In like manner if Chinese subjects in China who have committed offences or
have failed to discharge debts ami fraudulently abscond should take refuge in houses
•occupied by Japanese subjects in China or on board of Japanese ships in Chinese
waters they shall be delivered up at the request of the Chinese authorities made to
the Japanese authorities.
Art. XXV.—The Japanese Government and its subjects are hereby confirmed in
all privileges, immunities and advantages conferred on them by the Treaty stipulations
between Japan and China which are now in force ; and it is hereby expressly stipu-
lated that the Japanese Government and its subjects will be allowed free and equal
•participation in all privileges, immunities and advantages that may have been or may
be hereafter granted by His Majesty the Emperor of China to the Government or
•subjects of any other nation.
Art. XXVI.—It is agreed that; either of the high contracting parties may
demand a revision of the Tariffs and of the Commercial Articles of this Treaty at
the end of ten years from the date of the exchange of the ratifications; but if
no such demand be made on either side and no such revision be effected within six
months after the end of the first ten years then the Treaty and Tariffs, in their pro suit
form, shall remain in force for ten years more, reckoned from the end of the preceding
ten years, and so it shall be at the end of each successive period of ten years.
Art. XXVII.—The high contracting parties will agree upon Rules and
Regulations necessary to give full effect to this Treaty. Until such Rules and
TREATY BETWEEN CHINA AND .JAPAN 133
ftegulations are brought into actual operation the Arrangements, Rules and
Regulations subsisting between China and the Western Powers, so far as they are
-applicable and not inconsistent with the provisions of this Treaty, shall be binding
between the contracting parties.
Art. XXVIII.—The present Treaty is signed in the Japanese, Chinese and
English languages. In order, however, to prevent future discussions, the Pleni-
potentiaries of the high contracting parties have agreed that in case of any
divergencies in the interpretation between the Japanese and Chinese texts of the
"Treaty, the difference shall be settled by reference to the English text.
Art. XXIX.—The present Treaty shall be ratified by His Majesty the Emperor
of China and His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, and the ratification thereof shall
be exchanged at Peking not later than three months from the present date.
In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same and
have affixed thereto the seal of their arms.
Done at Peking this twenty-first day of the seventh month of the twenty-
ninth year of Meiji, corresponding to the eleventh day of the sixth month of the
'twenty-secor.d year of Kuang Hsu (July 21st, 1896).
[l.s.] Chang Yin-Hoon.
„ Hayashi Tadasu.
PROTOCOL REGARDING NEW PORTS
Made at Peking, 19tk Octobek, 1896
Baron Hayashi Tadasu, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of
His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of His
Majesty the Emperor of China have agreed upon the following stipulations supple-
mentary to the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation :—
Art. I.—It is hereby agreed that special Japanese settlements shall be formed
■at the places newly opened to commerce, and that affairs relating to roads and
police shall be under the control of the Japanese Consul.
Art. II.—Regulations with respect to steamers or ships owned or chartered
by Japanese subjects at Suchow, Hangchow, and Shanghai shall be determined
alter conference with Japan, on the basis of the Provisional Regulations for the
•conduct of business by foreign merchants at those places, issued by the Shanghai
■Customs on August third of the tw'enty-second year of Hwang Hsu.
Art. III.—The Government of Japan concedes the right of the Chinese Govern-
ment to impose upon articles manufactured by Japanese subjects in China such a
tax as may seem expedient, provided that the said tax shall not differ from, or
•exceed, the tax paid by Chinese subjects; and provided that the Chinese Govern-
ment shall, when the Japanese Government so desires, immediately provide sites
for the formation of special Japanese Settlements in Shanghai, Tientsin, Amoy,
-and Hankow.
Art. IV.—Instructions shall be issued in Sunfu, in Shantung, that no Chinese
•troops shall approach, or take possession of, any position, within 5 Japanese ri,
■that is to say, about 40 Chinese U, of the limits of any positions held by Japanese
•forces in accordance with Treaty stipulations.
134 SUPPLEWENTA/RY TREATY BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA
The above Protocol shall be drawn up in the Chinese and Japanese languages
and after comparison the two copies shall be signed and sealed, each side taking
one of the copies.
(Signed) Hayshi Tadasau.
„ Prince King.
„ Tin Ltj.
„ Chang Yin-whan.
Nineteenth day, tenth month, twenty-ninth year of Meiji; thirteenth day, ninth
month, twenty-second year of Kuang Hsu.
SUPPLEMENTARY TREATY OE COMMERCE AND
NAVIGATION BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA
Signed at Shanghai, 8th October, 1903
His Majesty the Emperor of Japan and His Majesty the Emperor of China, in-
order to give full effect to the provisions of Article XI. of the Final Protocol signed?
at Peking on the seventh day of the ninth month of the thirty-fourth year of Meiji,
corresponding to the twenty-fifth day of the seventh moon of the twenty-seventh year
of Kuang-hsii, have resolved to conclude a Supplementary Treaty of Commerce and
Navigation, designed to facilitate and promote the commercial relations between
Japan and China, and have for that purpose named as their Plenipotentiaries, that
is to say :
His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, Hioki Eld, Jugoi, Fifth Class of the
Imperial Order of the Kising Sun, First Secretary of Legation, and Odagiri Masnoske,
Shorokui, Fifth Class of the Imperial Order of the Eising Sun, Consul-General; and
His Majesty the Emperor of China, Lii Hai-huan, President of the Board of
Public Works; Sheng Hsuan-kuai, Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent,,
formerly Senior Vice-President of the Board of Public Works; and Wu T’iug-fang,
Senior Vice-President of the Board of Commerce.
Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, found to be in
good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following Articles :—
Art. I.—Whereas China, with the object of reforming its fiscal system, proposes-
to levy a surtax in excess of the tariff rates on all goods passing through the Custom-
houses, whether maritime, or inland and frontier, in order to compensate/ in a mea-
sure, for the loss incurred by the complete abolition of lekin, Japan consents to pay
the same surtax as is agreed upon between China and all the Treaty Powers. With
regard to the production tax, consumption tax, and excise, and the taxes on native
opium and salt, leviable by China, Japan also consents to accept the same arrange-
ments as are agreed upon between ail the Treaty Powers and China. It is under-
stood, however, that the commerce, rights and privileges of Japan shall not, on account
of the above, be placed at any disadvantage as compared with the commerce, rights
and privileges of other Powers,
SUPPLEMENTARY TREATY BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA 135
Art. II.—The Chinese Government agrees to permit Japanese steam ship-owners
'to erect, at their own expense, appliances for hauling through the rapids of that part
of the Yangtzekiang between Ichang and Chungking' but as the interests of the
population of the provinces of Szechuen, Hunan and Hupeh are involved, it is there-
fore necessary that the approval of the Imperial Maritime Customs be obtained before
-such appliances may be so erected. These appliances, which shall be at the disposal
of all vessels, both steamers and junks, shall not obstruct the waterway nor interfere
with the free passage of junks or of persons on the banks on the river. Such ap-
pliances shall be subject to special regulations to be drawn up by the Imperial
Customs.
Art. III.—The Chinese Government agrees that any Japanese steamer capable
of navigating the inland waterways, upon reporting at the Imperial Maritime Cus-
toms, may proceed for the purpose of trade from a Treaty Port to places inland so
reported, on complying with the Original and Supplementaiy Regulations for Steam
Navigation Inland.
Art. IV.—In case Chinese subjects conjointly with Japanese subjects organise
.a partnership or company for a legitimate purpose, they shall equitably share the
profits and losses with all the members according to the terms of the agreement or
memorandum and articles of association and the regulations framed thereunder, and
they shall be liable to the fulfilment of the obligations imposed by the said agreement
or memorandum and articles of association and the regulations framed thereunder,
as accepted by them and as interpreted by the Japanese Courts. Should they
fail to fulfil the obligations so imposed and legal action be taken against them
in consequence, Chinese Courts shall at once enforce fulfilment of such obligations.
It is understood that in case Japanese subjects conjointly with Chinese subjects
organise a partnership or company, they shall also equitably share the profits and
losses with all the members according to the terms of the agreement or memorandum
and articles of association and the regulations framed thereunder. Should such
Japanese subjects lail to fulfil any of the obligations imposed by the said agreement
or memorandum and articles of association, or by the regulations framed thereunder,
Japanese Courts shall in like manner at once enforce fulfilment of such obligations
by them.
Art. V.—The Chinese Government agrees to make and faithfully enforce such
regulations as are necessary for preventing Chinese subjects from infringing regis-
tered trade-marks held by Japanese subjects. The Chinese Government likewise
■agrees to make such regulations as are necessary for affording protection to registered
copyrights held by Japanese subjects in the books, pamphlets, maps and charts
written in the Chinese language and specially prepared for the use of Chinese people.
It is further agreed that the Chinese Government shall establish registration
■offices where foreign trade-marks and copyrights held by Japanese subjects in protec-
tion of the Chinese Government shall be registered in accordance with the provisions
■of the regulations to be hereafter framed by the Chinese Government for the purpose
of protecting trade-marks and copyrights. It is understood that Chinese trade-
marks and copyrights properly registered according to the provisions of the laws and
-regulations of Japan will receive similar protection against infringement in Japan.
This Article shall not be held to protect against due process of law any Japanese
or Chinese subject who may be the author, proprietor, or seller of any publication
calculated to injure the well-being of China.
Art. VI.—China agrees to establish itself, as soon as possible, a system of
■uniform national coinage, and provide for a uniform national currency, which shall be
freely used as legal tender in payment of all duties, taxes and other obligations by
Japanese subjects as well as by Chinese subjects in the Chinese Empire. It is
understood, however, that all Customs duties shall continue to be calculated and paid
■on the basis of the Haikwan Tael.
Art. VII.—As the weights and measures used by the mercantile and other classes
for general and commercial purposes in the different provinces of China vary
and do not accord with the standards fixed by the Imperial Government Boards,? thus
136 SUPPLEMENTARY TREATY BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA
resulting in detriment to the trade of Chinese and foreigners, the Governors-General
and Governors of all the provinces, after careful inquiry into existing conditions, shall
consult together and fix upon uniform standards which, after a Memorial to the
Throne for sanction, shall be adopted and used in all transactions by officials and
people throughout all the Empire. These standards shall be first used in the places
opened to foreign trade and gradually extended to inland places. Any differences
resulting from divergence between the new weights and measures and those, now in
vogue shall be equitably settled, whether by way of increase or decrease, according
to the amount of such difference. , ,
Art. VIII.—The Regulations for Steam Navigation Inland of the fifth moon of
the twenty-fourth year of KuangHsu and the Supplementary Rules of the seventh moon
of the same year, having beqn found in some respects inconvenient in working, the
Chinese Government hereby agrees to amend them, and to annex such new Rules to
this Treaty. These Rules shall remain in force until altered by mutual consent.
Art. IX.—The provisions of all Treaties and engagements now subsisting between
Japan and China, in so far as they are not modified or repealed by this Act, are
hereby expressly stipulated in addition, that the Japanese Government, officers,
subjects, commerce, navigation, shipping, industries and property of all kinds shall
be allowed 1'ree and full participation in all privileges, immunities and advantages-
which have been or may hereafter be granted by Eis Majesty the Emperor of China
or by the Chinese Government or by the Provincial or Local Administrations of
China to the Government, officers, subjects, commerce, navigation, shipping, in-
dustries or property of any other nation. The Japanese Government will do its
utmost to secure to Chinese officers and subjects resident in Japan the most
favourable treatment compatible with the laws and regulations of the Empire.
Art. X.—The high contracting parties hereto agree that, in case of and after
the complete withdrawal of the foreign troops stationed in the province of Chihli and
of the Legation guards, a place of international residence and trade in Peking will be-
forthwith opened by China itself. The detailed regulation relating thereto shall be
settled in due time after consultation. The Chinese Government agrees to open to
foreign trade, within six months from the exchange of the Ratifications of this
Treaty, Ch‘angsha-fu in the province of Hunan, on the same footing as the ports
already opened to foreign trade. Foreigners residing in this open port are to observe
the Municipal and Police Regulations on the same footing as Chinese residents, and
they are not to be entitled to establish a Municipality and Police of their own within,
the limits of this Treaty Port, except with the consent of the Chinese authorities.
The Chinese Government agrees that, upon the exchange of the Ratifications of
this Treaty, Moukden and Tatungkow, both in the province of Shengking, will be-
opened by China itself as places of international residence and trade. The selection
of suitable localities to be set apart for international use and occupation and the regula-
tions for these places set apart for foreign residence and trade shall be agreed upon,
by the Governments of Japan and China, after consultation together.
Art. XI.—The Government of China having expressed a strong desire to reform
its judicial system and to bring it into accord with that of Japan and Western
nations, Japan agrees to give every assistance to such reform, and will also be pre-
pared to relinquish its extraterritorial rights when satisfied that the state of the
Chinese laws, the arrangements for their administration, and other considerations
warrant it in so doing.
Art. XII.—The present Treaty is signed in the Japanese, Chinese and English
languages. lu order, however, to prevent future discussions, the Plenipotentiaries of
the high contracting parties have agreed that in case of any divergence in the in-
terpretation between the Japanese and Chinese texts of the Treaty, the difference
shall be settled by reference to the English text.
Art. XIII.—The present Treaty shall be ratified by His Majesty the Emperor of
Japan and His Majesty the Emperor of China, and the ratifications thereof shall be
exchanged at Peking a,s soon as possible, and not later than six months from the
SUPPLEMENTARY TREATY BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA 137
present date. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the
same and have affixed thereto the seals of their arms.
Done at Shanghai, this eighth day of the tenth month of the thirty-sixth year of
Meiji, corresponding to the eighteenth day of the eighth moon of the twenty-ninth
year of Kuang Hsu.
[L.s.] Hioki Eki.
„ Ooaoiri Masnoske.
(Signed) Lu Hai-Hxjan.
„ Sheng Hsuan-Httai.
„ Wu T'jng-Fang.
Annex 1
INLAND WATERS STEAM NAVIGATION
Additional Eules
1. —Japanese steamship owners are at liberty to lease warehouse
the banks of waterways from Chinese subjects for a term not exceeding twenty-five
years, with option of renewal on terms to be mutually arranged. In cases where
Japanese merchants are unable to secure warehouses and jetties from Chinese
subjects on satisfactory terms, the local officials, after consultation with the Governor
or Governor-General or Minister of Commerce, shall arrange to provide these on
renewable lease, as above mentioned, at current equitable rates.
2. —Jetties shall only be erected in such positions that they w
the inland waterway or interfere with navigation, and with the sanction of the
nearest Commissioner of Customs; such sanction, however, shall not be arbitrarily
withheld.
3. —Japanese merchants shall pay taxes and contributions on th
and jetties on the same footing as Chinese proprietors of similar properties in the
neighbourhood. Japanese merchants may only employ Chinese agents and staff to
reside in warehouses so leased at places touched at by steamers engaged in inland
traffic to carry on their business ; but Japanese merchants may visit these places from
time to time to look after their affairs. The existing rights of Chinese jurisdiction over
Chinese subjects shall not by reason of this clause be diminished or interfered with in
any way.
4. —Steam vessels navigating the inland waterways of China sh
for loss caused to riparian-proprietors by damage which they may do to the banks
or works on them, and for the loss which may be caused by such damage. In
the event of China desiring to prohibit the use of some particular shallow
waterway by launches, because there is reason to fear that the use of it by them
would be likely to injure the banks and cause damage to the adjoining country, the
Japanese authorities, when appealed to, shall, if satisfied of the validity of the
objection, prohibit the use of that waterway by Japanese launches, provided that
Chinese launches are also prohibited from using it. Both Foreign and Chinese
launches are prohibited from crossing dams and weirs at present in existence on
inland waterways where they are likely to cause injury to such works, which would
be detrimental to the water service of the local people.
5. —The main object of the Japanese Government in desiring t
'1 waterways of China opened to steam navigation being to afford facilities for the
rapid transport of both foreign and native merchandise, they undertake to offer no
impediment to the transfer to a Chinese company and the Chinese of flag any
140 SUPPLEMENTARY TREATY BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA
Annex 4
Imperial Japanese Commissioners for Treaty Revision to Imperial Chineset
CoMMISSIONERS FOR TREATY REVISION
Shanghai, the 8th Day of the 10th Month of the 26th Year of Meiji,
Gentlemen,—The provision contained in No. 9 of the Supplementary Rules-
governing steam navigation on Inland Waters, published in the seventh moon of the
twenty-fourth year of Kuang Hsii, regarding the appointment of an officer to collect
dues and duties, not having in all cases been given effect to, we have the honour to*
request that your Excellencies’ Government will again issue instructions to all pro-
vinces to give strict effect to this provision, as it is a matter of importance.
We trust that your Excellencies will comply with the request contained in this-
despatch and that you will favour us with a reply.
We have the honour, etc.,
(Signed) Hioki Eki.
„ Odagiri Masnoske.
Imperial Chinese Commissioners for Treaty Revision to Imperial Japanese
Commissioners for Treaty Revision
Shanghai, the 18th Day of the 8th Moon of the 29th Year Kwang-Hsu.
Gentlemen,—We have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Excel-
lencies’ despatch of this date to the effect that the provision contained in No. 9 of;
the Supplementary Rules governing steam navigation on Inland Waters, published,
in the seventh moon of the twenty-fourth year of Kuang Hsu, regarding the appoint-
ment of an officer to collect dues and duties, not having in all cases been given effect
to, you request that instructions be again issued to all provinces to give strict effect
to this provision, as it is a matter of importance.
We have noted the above and have communicated with the proper authorities in
order that action may be taken, and have now the honour to write this reply for your-
Excellencies’ information.
We have the honour, etc.,
(Signed) Lu Hai-Huan.
„ Sheng Hsuan-Huai.
„ Wit T'ing Fang.
Annex 6
Imperial Chinese Commissioners for Treaty Revision to Imperial Japanese
Commissioners for Treaty Revision
Shanghai, the 18th Day of the 8th Moon of the 29th Year of Kuang Hsii.
Gentlemen,—According to the provision of Article X. of this Treaty, regarding
the establishment in Peking of a place of international residence and trade, it ia
agreed that in case of, and after, the. complete withdrawal of the foreign troops, now
SUPPLEMENTARY TREATY BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA Ul
guarding the Legations and communications, a place in Peking outside the Inner
City, convenient to both parties and free from objections^ shall be selected and set
apart as a place where merchants of all nationalities may reside and carry on trade.
Within the limits of this place merchants of all nationalities shall be at liberty to
lease land, build houses and warehouses, and establish places of business; but as to
the leasing of houses and land belbngirig to Chinese private individuals there must
be willingness on the part of the owners, and the terms thereof must be equitably
arranged without any force or compulsion.' All1 roads and bridges in this place will
be under the jurisdiction and control of China. Foreigners residing in this place are
to observe the Municipal and Police Regulations on the same footing as Chinese
residents, and they are not to be entitled to establish a Municipality and Police of
their own within its limits except with the consent of the Chinese authorities. When
siich place of international residence and trade shall have been opened and its limits
properly defined, the foreigners who have been residing scattered both within and
without the city walls shall all be required to remove their residence thereto and
they shall not be allowed to remain in separate places, and thereby cause inconvenience
in the necessary supervision by the Chinese authorities. The value of the land and
buildings held by such foreigners shall be agreed upon equitably, and due compen-
sation therefor shall be paid. The period for such removal shall be determined in
due time, and those who do not remove before the expiry of this period shall not be
entitled to compensation.
We have considered it to be to our mutual advantage to come to the present
basis of understanding in order to avoid future unnecessary negotiations, and we beg
that your Excellencies will consider and agree to it, and will favour us with a reply.
We have the honour, etc.,
(Signed) Lu Hai-IIuan.
„ Sheng Hsuan-Huai.
„ Wu T‘ing-Fang.
Imperial Japanese Commissioners for Treaty Revision to Imperial Chinese
Commissioners for Treaty Revision
Shanghai, the 8th Day of the 10th Month of the 36th Year of Meiji.
Gentlemen,-—We have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your
Excellencies’ despatch of the 18th day of the 8th moon of the 29th year of Kwang
llsu.
In reply we beg to inform you that we agree generally to all the terms contained
in the despatch1 uUder acknowledgment. As to the1; detailed regulations, these
shall in due! time be considered and satisfactorily settled in accordance with
Article X. of this Treaty; but it is understood that such regulations shall not difier
in any respect to Our prejudice from those which may be agreed upon between China
and other Powers. We have the honour to send your Excellencies this communi-
cation in reply and, for your information.
We have the honour, etc., " jl
! (Signed) Hioki Eki.
iilrf ],:. » ! OUAGIRI MaSNOSKE.
TREATY BETWEEN CHINA AND JAPAN RELATING
TO MANCHURIA
Signed at Peking, 22nd December, 1905
I. —-The Chinese Government agrees to all the transfers made to
by Articles Y. and VI. of the Treaty of Peace between Japan and Russia.
II. —The Japanese Government agrees to observe as much a
ing Treaties in regard to the lease of land for the construction of railways, which
have been concluded between China and Russia.
In case of any question arising in future, the Japanese Government will consult
with the Chinese Government before settlement.
III. —This present Treaty will take effect from the date of
ratified by his Imperial Japanese Majesty and his Imperial Chinese Majesty, and
ratifications will be exchanged in Peking as early as possible within two months from
the date of signing.
In witness whereof the Plenipotentiaries of the two contracting parties have
signed and affixed their respective seals on the Treaty done in duplicate in Japanese
and Chinese.
Done at Peking, 22nd December, 1905.
Komura Jutaro,
Minister for Foreign Affairs, Special Ambassador;
Uchida Kosai,
Minister Plenipotentiary ;
Prince Ching,
Minister Plenipotentiary;
Kit Ko-ki, ;
Minister Plenipotentiary
Yuan Shi-kai,
Minister Plenipotentiary.
Supplementary Agreement
The Governments of the two contracting parties have decided on the following
matters in which both parties are interested in Manchuria and agreed upon the
following stipulations for their guidance:—
I. —The Chinese Government agrees to open the following citi
to the residence of foreigners and foreign trade with as little delay as possible after
the evacuation of Manchuria by the Japanese and Russian armies:—
Shingking Province :—Whangfengeheug, Liaoyang, Sinmiuting, Tieling, Tung-
kiangtze, and Fakumen.
Kirin Province:—Changchun (Kwangchengtze), Kirin, Harbin, Ninguta, Hong-
chun and Sanchin.
Heihmking Province:—Tsitsikar, Hailar, Aihon and Manjuri.
II. —The Chinese Government having expressed its earnest de
withdrawal of the Japanese and Russian armies and railway guards in Manchuria,
and the Japanese Government being desirous of complying with the desire of the
Chinese Government, agrees to make similar arrangements in case of the Russiau
Government agreeing to the withdrawal of its railway guards, or of any special under-
standing having been arrived at between China and Russia in the matter. When
order has been perfectly established in Manchuria and the Chinese authorities have
become able to fully protect the life and property of foreigners in Manchuria, the
Japanese Government, in common with tlie Russian Government, will withdraw the
railway guards.
III. —The Japanese Government will immediately inform
TREATY BETWEEN CHINA AND JAPAN RELATING TO MANCHURIA 143
meat of any locality in Manchuria which is evacuated by the Japanese troops, and
on receiving such information the Chinese Government is authorised to send a force
of troops necessary for the maintenance of the public security and order to the locality
evacuated by the Japanese troops, even before the expiration of the term specified in
the Japanese-Russian Treaty for the withdiawal of the troops. In case of bandits
molesting villages in the district still under occupation of the Japanese troops, the
Chinese local authorities may send troops to arrest the bandits, but Chinese troops
despatched on this work shall not be allowed to enter within twenty Chinese miles of
the place where Japanese troops are stationed.
IV. —The Japanese Government agrees to return to the
the Government or private property in Manchuria occupied or taken possession of by
the Japanese army for military purposes, as Manchui ia is evacuated by the troops.
Even before the evacuation such property, when useless for the needs of the troops,
will be returned to the respective owners.
V. —The Chinese Government agrees to take all measures ne
the tombs of the Japanese soldiers killed in battle in Manchuria, and the monuments
erected in commemoration of their loyalty.
VI. —The Chinese Government agrees to the militar
between Antongcheng and Mukden being transformed into a line for the transmission
of merchandise of all nationals and conducted by the Japanese Government. The
term in which the railway will be conducted by the Japaiiese to be fifteen years from
the date on which the transformation of the line is completed. Upon the expiry of
the term, the railway will be sold to the Chinese Government, its value being decided
by two experts, one to be appointed by each of the contracting parties. During the
time the line is under the control of the Japanese, Chinese troops, arms, and provi-
sions will be transported according to the terms of the Chinese Eastern Railway
Treaty. In effecting the transformation of the railway, the Japanese authorities in
charge will consult with commissioners to be appointed by the Chinese Government.
Rates of freight on goods belonging to the Chinese Government or private individuals
will be specially arranged.
VII. —The two contracting parties asrree to make arrang
for connecting the service of railways in South Manchuria and those in China proper,
in order to promote and facilitate the communications and transport of goods.
VIII. —The Chinese Government agrees to exempt
railways in South Manchuria from all duties and lehin.
IX. —At Yingkow (Newchvvang), which is already opene
also in Antongcheng, Mukden, and other places in theShingking province, which it is
agreed to open to foreign trade, settlements for the exclusive use of Japanese will be
established, and the provision for this purpose made by the Japanese and Chinese
authorities in a special agreement.
X. —The Chinese Government agrees to a joint-stock lumbe
and Chinese being formed with a view to carrying on a business of cutting lumber in
the forests on the right bank of the Yalu. The Chinese Government further agrees
that the area of land where the business will be carried on, the term of the charter,
the process of the formation of the company, and the articles of the business, will be
determined upon in a special agreement. The interest in the company of the Japanese
and Chinese shareholders will be equally divided.
XI. —In regard to the trade on the frontier of Manchur
according to most-favoured-nation principle will be extended to each contracting party.
XII. —The Governments of the two contracting parties a
specified in the Articles of the Treaty signed this day, and in the supplementary agree-
ment, each party will give the most considerate treatment to the other.
This agreement will take effect from the date of signing and is to be considered
as ratified with the ratification of the Treaty signed this day.
In witness whereof the contracting parties have signed and affixed their seals in
duplicate in Japanese and Chinese, with due authority entrusted to them by their
respective Goverumeats.
SINO-JAPANESE TREATY RELATING TO SHANTUNG
Ratified in Tokyo on June 8th, 1915
Treaty Respecting the Province op Shantung
(Signed at Peking, May 26th, 1915)
His Majesty the Emperor of Japan and His Excellency the President of the
Republic of China, being desirous to maintain the general peace of the Ear East and
to further strengthen the relations of amity and good neighbourhood existing between
the two countries, have resolved to conclude a treaty for that purpose, and to that
end have named their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say:—
His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, M. Eki Hioki, Jushii, Sedond Class of
the Imperial Order of the Sacred Treasure, His Majesty’s Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary to the Republic of China; and
His Excellency the President of the Republic of China, Mr. Lu-Cheng-hsiang,
Tsung-Ching, First Class of the Order of Chia-Ho, Minister of Foreign Affairs of
the Republic of China ;
Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, which
were found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following Articles :— a
Art. I.—The Chinese Government engage to recognize all matters that may b
agreed upon between the Japanese Government and the German Government re-
specting the disposition of all the rights, interests and concessions, which, in virtue of
treaties or otherwise, Germany possesses vis-a-vis China in relation to the Province
0f Shantung.
Art. II.—The Chinese Government engage that, in case they undertake the con-
struction of a railway connecting Chefoo orLunckou with the Kiaoehau-Tsinan Rail-
way, they shall, in the event of Germany’s surrendering her right of providing capital
for the Chefoo-Weihsien railway line, enter into negotiations with Japanese capitalists
for the purpose of financing the said undertaking.
Art. III.—The Chinese Government engage to open, of their own accord, as early
&s possible, suitable cities and towns in the Province of Shantung for the residence
and trade of foreigners.
Art. IV.—The present Treaty shall take effect on the day of its signature.
The present Treaty shall be ratified by His Majesty the Emperor of Japan and by
His Excellency the President of the Republic of China, and the ratifications thereof
shall be exchanged at Tokyo as soon as possible.
In witness whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this Treaty
made in duplicate, in Japanese and in Chinese, and have hereunto affixed their seals.
Done at Peking the 25th day of the 5th month of the 4th year of Taisho, correspond-
ing to the 25th day of the 5th mon h of the 4th year of the inauguration of the
Republic of China. . ,
Eki Hioki,
Etc., etc., etc.
' Lu Cheng-hsieng,
Etc., etc., etc.
RINO-.JAPANESE TREATY RELATING TO SHANTUNG 145
Exchange op Notes
The following Notes dealing witli the Shantung Treaty were exchanged :—
. Monsieur le Ministre :— Peking, May 25th, 1591.
In the name of the Chinese G-overnment, I have the honour to make the
folloAving declaration to your Excellency’s Government:—
The Chinese Government will never lease or a'.ienate, under any designation
whatever, to any foreign Power any territory within or along the coast of the
Province of Shantung or any island lying near the said coast.
I avail, etc., etc.,
Lu Cheng-hsieng,
Bis Excellency Minister of Foreign Affairs of
Mr. Eki Hioki, the Kepublic of China.
H. I. J. M.’s Envoy Extraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary.
Monsieur le Ministre :— Peking, May 25th, 1915.
I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Excellency’s note of to-
day’s date in which you make, in the name of the Government of China, the following
declaration to the Imperial Government of Japan:—
The Chinese Government will never lease or alienate, under any designation
whatever, to any foreign Power any territory within or along the coast of the Province
of Shantung or any island lying near the said coast.
In reply I beg to state that I have taken note of this declaration.
I avail, etc., etc.,
Eki Hioki,
His Excellency H. I. J. M.’s Envoy Extraordinary
Mr. Lu Cheng-hsieng, and Minister Plenipotentiary.
Minister of Foreign Affairs
of the Republic of China.
Monsieur le Ministre:— Peking, May 25th, 1915.
I have the honour to state that the cities and towns to be opened in accordance
with the stipulation of Art. III. of the Treaty respecting Shantung Province, signed
to-day, will be selected and the regulations therefor will be drawn up by the Chinese
• Government, and will be decided upon after consultation with the Japanese Minister.
I avail, etc., etc.,
Lu Cheng-hsieng,
His Excellency Minister of Foreign Affairs of
Mr. Eki Hioki, the Republic of China.
H. I. J. M.’s Envoy Extraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary.
146 SINO-J VPANESE TREATY RESPECTING SOUTH MANCHURIA, ETC.
Monsieur le Ministre :— Peking, May 25tb, 1915.
T have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Excellency’s note of to-day’s-
the stipulation of Art. III. of the Treaty respecting Shantung Province, signed to-
day, will be selected anti the regulations therefor will be dra*vn up by the Chinese
Government, and will be decided upon after consultation with the Japanese Minister.
In reply I beg to state that I nave taken note of the same.
I avail, etc., etc.,
Eki Hioki,
His Excellency H. I. J. M.’s Envoy Extraordinary
Mr. Lu Cheng-hsieng, and Minister Plenipotentiarv.
Minister of Foreign Affairs
of the Republic of China.
SINO-JAPANESE TREATY RESPECTING SOUTH MAN-
CHURIA AND EASTERN INNER MONGOLIA
[Signed at Peking, May 2bth, 1915]
His Majesty the Emperor of Japan and His Excellency the President of the
Republic of China, being desirous to develop the economic relations of the two coun-
tries in the regions of South Manchuria and Eastern Inner Mongolia, have resolved
to conclude a treaty for that purpose and to that end have named their Plenipoten-
tiaries, that is to say :—
His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, Mr. Eki Hioki, Jushii, Second Class of the
Imperial Order of the Sacred Treasure, His Majesty’s Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary to the Republic of China; and
His Excellency the President of the Republic of China, Mr. Lu Cheng-hsieng,.
Tsung Ching, First Class of the Order of Chia-Ho, Minister of Foreign Affairs of
the Republic of China;
Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, which
were found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles :—-
Art. I.—The High Contracting Parties mutually agree to extend the term of the
lease of Port Arthur and Dairen, and the term relating to the South Manchurian
Railway and the Antung-Mukden Railway, to a period of ninty-nine years respectively.
Art. II.-—The subjects of Japan shall be permitted in South Manchuria to lease
land necessary either for erecting buildings for various commercial and industrial
uses or for agricultural purposes.
Art. III.—The subjects of Japan shall have liberty to enter, travel and reside in
South Manchur ia and to carry on business of various kinds—commercial, industrial
and otherwise.
Art. IV.—The Government of China shall permit joint undertakings, in Eastern
Inner Mongolia, of the subjects of Japan and citizens of China, in agriculture and
industries auxiliary thereto.
S1X0-JAPANESE TREATY RESPECTING SOUTH MANCHURIA, ETC. 147
Art. Y.—With respect to the three preceding Articles, the subjects of Japan
*ball produce before the local authorities the passports duly issued for the purpose
of registration, and shall also submit themselves to the police laws and regulations
- and taxes of China.
In civil and criminal suits, the Japanese consular officer, where a Japanese
subject is the defendant, and the Chinese official, where a Chinese citizen is the
defendant, shall respectively try and decide the case, both the Japanese consular officer
and the Chinese official being permitted each to send his agent to attend the trial of
the other to watch the proceedings; provided that in civil suits arising out of land
disputes between Japanese subjects and Chinese citizens the cases shall be tried and
decided by the joint tribunal composed of the properly authorized officials of the two
- countries, in accordance with the laws and local usages of China.
In the future when the judicial system in the said regions shall have been com-
pletely reformed, all civil and criminal suits involving Japanese subjects shall be wholly
tried and decided by the law-courts of China.
Art. VI.—The Government of China engage to open of their own accord, as early
as possible, suitable cities and towns in Eastern Inner Mongolia for the residence
. and trade of foreigners.
Art. VII.—The Government of China agree to a speedy fundamental revision of
various agreements and contracts relating to the Kirin-Changchun Kailway, on the
basis of the terms embodied in railway loan agreements which China has heretofore
entered into with various foreign capitalists.
If in future the Chinese Government grant to foreign capital sts, in matters
that relate to railway loans, more advantageous terms than those in the various
• existing railway loan agreements, the above-mentioned Kirin-Changchun Kailway
Loan Agreement shall, if so desired by Japan, be further revised.
Art. VIII.—Except as otherwise provided in this Treaty, all existing treaties
■’ between Japan and China with respect to Manchuria shall remain in force.
Art. IX.—The present Treaty shall take effect on the day of its signature.
The present Treaty shall be ratified by His Majesty the Emperor pf Japan and
by His Excellency the President of the Republic of China, and the ratifications thereof
shall be exchanged at Tokyo as soon as possible.
In witness whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this Treaty made
in duplicate, in Japanese and in Chinese, and have hereunto affixed their seals.
Done at Peking the 25th day of the 5th month of the 4th year of Taisho,
- corresponding to the 25th day of the 5th month of the 4th year of the inaugura-
tion of the Republic of China.
Eki Hioki,
Etc., etc., etc.
Lu Cheng-hsieng,
Etc., etc., etc.
TUEA.TY FOR THE SETTLEMENT OF OUTSTAVDING-
QUESTIONS RELATIVE TO SHANTUiNG
R riifications Exchanged at Peking on June 2nd, 1922
Japiii and China, being equally animated by a sincere desire to settle anreably
and in accordance with their common interest outstanding questions relative to-
Shantung, have resolve 1 te conclude a treaty for the settlement of such questions,
and have to that end named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say :
His Majesty the Emperor of Japan: Baron Tomosaburo Kato, Minister of the
Navy; Baron Kijuro Snidehara, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary;
and Masanao Hanihara, Vice-Minister for Foreign Affairs; and
His Excellency the President of the Chinese Republic : Sao-Ke Alfred Sze,
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary; Vikyuin Wellington Koo,
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary; and Chung-Hui Wang, Former
Minister of Justice;
Who, h iving communicated to each other their respective full powers, found to
be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following Articles:
Section I.—Restoration of the Former German Leased Territory of Kiaochow
Art. I.—Japan shall restore to China the former German Leased Territory of
Kiaochow.
Art. II.—The Government of Japan and the Government of the Chinese Republic
shall each appoint three Commissioners to form a Joint Commission with powers to
make and carry out detailed arrangements relating to the transfer of the
administration of the former German Leased Territory of Kiaochow and to the
transfer of public properties in the said Territory and to settle ottier matters likewise
requiring adjustment.
For such purposes, the Joint Commission shall meet immediately upon the
coming into lores of the present Treaty.
Art. 111.—The transfer of the administration of the former German Leased
Territory of Kiaochow and the transfer of public properties in the said Territory, as
well as the adjustment of other matters under the preceding Article, shall be
completed as soon as possible and, in any case, not later than six months from the
date of the coming, into force of the present Treaty.
Art. IV.—The Government of Japan undertakes to hand over to the Govern-
ment of the Chinese Republic, upon the transfer to China of the administration of
the former German Leased Territorv of Kiaochow, such archives, registers, plans,
title-deeds and other documents in the possession of Japan, or certified copies there-
of, as may be necessary for the transfer of the administration, as well as those that
may be useful for the subsequent administration by China of the said Territory and
of the Fifty Kilometre Zone around Kiaochow Bay.
TREATY FOR THE SETTLEMENT RELATING TO SHANTUNG 149’
Section II.—Transfer of Public Properties
Art. V.—The Government of Japan undertakes to transfer to the Government
of the Chinese Republic all public properties including land, buildings, works or
establishments in the former German Leased Territory of Kiaochow, whether former-
ly possessed by the German authorities or purchased or constructed by the Japanese
authorities during the period of the Japanese administration of the said Territory,.
except those indicated in Article VII. of the present Treaty.
Art. VI.—In the transfer of public properties under the preceding Arlicle no-
compensation will be claimed from the Government of the Chinese Republic:
Provided, however, that for those purchased or constructed by the Japanese
authorities, and also for the improvements on or additions to those formerly possess-
ed by the German authorities, the Government of the Chinese Republic shall refund
a fair and equitable proportion of the expenses actually incurrt d by the Govern-
ment of Japan, having regard to the principle of depreciation and continuing value.
Art. VII.—Such public properties in the former German Leased Territory of
Kiaochow as, are required for the Japanese Consulate to be established in Tsingtao-
shall be retained by the Government of Japan, and those required more especially
for the benefit of the Japanese community, including public schools, shrines and
cemeteries, shall be left in the hands of the said community.
Art. VIII.—Details of the matters referred to in the preceding three Articles
shall be arrange ! by the Joint Commission provided for in Article II. of the present
Treaty.
Section III.—Withdrawal of Japanese Troops
Art. IX.—The Japanese troops, including gendarmes, now stationed along the
Tsingtao-Tsinanfu Railway and its branches, shall be withdrawn as soon as the
Chinese police or military force shall have been sent to take over the protection of
the Railway.
Art. X.—The disposition of the Chinese police or military force and the-
withdrawal of the Japanese troops under the preceding Article may be effected in
sections.
The date of the completion of such process for each section shall be arranged*
in advance between the competent authorities of Japan and China.
The entire withdrawal of such Japanese troops shall be etiected within three-
months, if possible, and, in any case, not later than six months from the date of the
signature of the present Treaty.
Art. XI.—The Japanese garrison at Tsingtao shall be completely withdrawn
simultaneously, if possible, with the transfer to China of the administration of the-
former German Leased Territory of Kiaochow, and, in any case, not later than
thirty days from the date of such transfer.
Section IV.—Maritime Customs at Tsingtao
Art. XII.—The Custom House of Tsingtao shall be made an integral part of
the Chinese Maritime Customs upon the coming into force of the present Treaty.
Art. XIII.—The Provisional Agreement of August 6th, 1915, between Japan
and China relating to the re-opening of the office of the Chinese Maritime Customs at
Tsingtao shall cease to be effective upon the coming into force of the present Treaty.
Section V.— Tsingtao-Tsinanfu Railway
Art. XIV.—Japan shall transfer to China the Tsingtao-Tsinanfu Railway and
its branches, together with all other properties appurtenant thereto, including,
wharves, warehouse and other similar properties.
160 TREATY TOR THE SETTLEMENT RELATING TO SHANTUNG
Art. XV.—Ghina undertakes to reimburse to Japan the actual value of all the
Railway properties mentioned in the preceding Article.
The actual value to be so reimbursed shall consist of the sum of fifty-three
million, four hundred and six thousand, one hundred and forty-one (53,406,141)
: gold marks (which is the assessed value of such portion of the said properties as
was left behind by the Germans), or its equivalent, plus the amount which Japan,
during her administration of the Railway, has actually expended for permanent
improvements on or additions to the said properties, less a suitable allowance for
•depreciation.
It is undertsood that no charge will be made with respect to the wharves, ware-
house and other similar properties mentioned in the preceding Article, except for
such permanent improvements on or additions to them as may have been made by
Japan during her administration of the Railway, less a suitable allowance for de-
preciation.
Art. XVI.—The Government of Japan and the Government of the Chinese
Republic shall each appoint three Commissioners to form a Joint Railway Com-
mission, with powers to appraise the actual value of the Railway properties on the
basis defined in the preceding Article and to arrange the transfer of the said
properties.
Art. XVII.—The transfer of all the Railway properties under Article XIV. of
the present Treaty shall be completed as soon as possible, and, in any case, not later
than nine months from the date of the coming into force of the present Treaty.
Art. XVIII.—To effect the reimbursement under Article XV. of the present
Treaty, China shall deliver to Japan, simultaneously with the completion of the
transfer of the Railway properties, Chinese Government Treasury Notes, secured on
■the properties and revenues of the Railway and running for a period of fifteen years,
but redeemable, whether in whole or in part, at the option of China at the end of five
years from the date of the delivery of the said Treasury Notes, or at any time there-
after upon six months' previous notice.
Art. XIX.—Pending the redemption of the said Treasury Notes under the pre-
ceding Article, the Government of the Chinese Republic will select and appoint, for
so long a period as any part ,of the said Treasury Notes shall remain unredeemed,
a Japanese subject to be Traffic Manager, and another Japanese subject to be Chief
Accountant jointly with the Chinese Chief Accountant and with co-ordinate
functions.
These officials shall all be under the direction, control and supervision of the
•Chinese Managing-Director, and removable for cause.
Art. XX.—Financial details of a technical character relating to the said
Treasury Notes not provided for in this Section shall be determined in common
accord between the Japanese and Chinese authorities as soon as possible and, in
.any case, not later than six months from the date of the coming into force of the
.present Treaty.
Section VI.—Extensions of the Tsingtao-Tsinanfu Bailway
Art. XXI.—The concessions relating to the two extensions of the Tsiugtao-
Tsinanfu Railway, namely, the Tsinanfu-Shunteh and the Kaomi-Hsuchowfu lines,
shall be made open to common activity of an international financial group, on
terms to be arranged between the Government of the Chinese Republic and the said
group.
Section VII.—Mines
Art. XXII. —The mines of Tsechwan, Fangtze and Chinlingchen, for which
the mining rights were formerly granted by China to Germany, shall be handed
-over to a company to be formed under a special charter of the Government of the
hinese Republic, in which the amount of Japanese capital shall not exceed that of
hinese capital.
TREATY FOR THE SETTLEMENT RELATING TO SHANTUNG 18T
The mode and terms o£ such arrangements shall be determined by the Joint
Commission provided for in Articie II. of the present Treaty.
Section YIII.—Opening of the Former German Leased Territory of Kiaocliow
Art. XXIII.—The Government of Japan declares that it will not seek the
establishment of an exclusive Japanese settlement, or of an international settlement^
in the former German Leased Territory of Kiaochow.
The Government of the Chinese Republic, on its part, declares that the entire
area of the former German Leased Territory of Kiaochow will be opened to foreign
trade and that foreign nationals will be permitted freely to reside and carry on
commerce, industry and other lawful pursuits within such area.
Art. XXIV.—The Government of the Chinese Republic further declares that
vested rights lawfully and equitably acquired by foreign nationals in the former '
German Leased Territory of Kiaochow, whether under the German regime or
during the period of the Japanese administration, will be respected.
All questions relating to the status or validity of such vested rights acquired by
Japanese subjects or Japanese companies shall be adjusted by the Joint Commission
provided for in Article II. of the present Treaty.
Section IX.—Salt Industry
Art. XXY.— Whereas the salt industry is a Government monopoly in China,-
it is agreed that the interests of Japanese subjects or Japanese comj«anies actually
engaged in the said industry along the coast of Kiaochow Bay shall be purchased by
the Government of the Chinese Republic for fair compensation, and that the
exportation to Japan of a quantity of salt produced by such industry along the said
coast is to be permitted on reasonable terms.
Arrangements for the above purpose, including the transfer of the said
interests to the Government of the Chinese Republic, shall be made by the Joint
Commission provided for in Article II. of the present Treaty. They shall be
completed as soon as possible and, in any case, not later than six months from_the
date of the coming into force of the present Treaty.
Section X.—Submarine Cables
Art. XXVI.—The Government of Japan declares that all the rights, title and
privileges concerning the former German submarine cables between Tsingcao and
Chefoo and between Tsingtao and Shanghai are vested in China, with the exception
of those portions of the said two cables which have been utilized by the Government
of Japan for the laying of a cable between Tsingtao and Sasebo; it being under-
stood that the question relating to the landing and operation at Tsingtao of the said
Tsiugtao-Sasebo cable shall be adjusted by the Joint Commission provided for in
Article II. of the present Treaty, subject to the terms of the existing'contracts to
which China is a party.
Section XI.—Wireless Stations
Art. XXVII.—The Government of Japan undertakes to transfer to the Gov-
ernment of the Chinese Republic the Japanese wireless stations at Tsingtao and
Tsinanfu for fair compensation for the value of these stations, upon the with-
drawal of the Japanese troops at the said two places, respectivelv.
Details of such transfer and compensation shall be arranged by the Join
Commission provided for in Article II. of the present Treaty.
Art. XXVIII.—The present Treaty (including the Annex thereto) shall be
ratified, and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged at Peking, as soon as-
possible, and not later than four months from the date of its signature.
;152 TEEATY FOE -THE SETTLEMENT EELATING TO SHANTUNG
,It shall come into force from the date of the exchange of ratifications.
In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present
Treaty in duplicate in the English language, and have affixed thereto their seals.
Done at the City of Washington this fourth day of February, One Thousand
Nine .Hundred and Twenty-Two.
. [ms.] T. Kato. [l.s.] Sao-ke Alfred Sze.
[l.s.] K. Shidehaba [l.s.] V. K. Wellington Koo.
[l s.] M. Hanihara. [l.s.] Chung-Hui Wang.
ANNEX
I.—Renunciation of Preferential Rights
The Government of Japan declares that it renounces all preferential right with
respect to foreign assistance in persons, capital and material stipulated in the
Treaty of March 6th, 18S8, between China and Germany.
II. —
It is understood that public properties to be transferred to the Government of
-th" Chinese Republic under Article V. of the present Treaty include (1) all public
worliS, such as roads, water-worhs, parks, drainage and sanitary equipment, and
*(2) all public enterprises such as those relating to telephone, electric, stockyard
and laundry.
The Government of the Chinese Republic declares that in the management
and maintenance of public works to be so transferred to the Government of the
■Chinese Republic, the foreign community in the former German Leased Territory of
Kiaochow shall have fair representation.
The Government of the Chinese Republic further declares that, upon taking
over the telephone enterprise in the former German Leased Territory of Kiaochow,
it will give due consideration to the requests from the foreign community in the
said Territory for such extensions and improvements in the telephone enterprise as
may be reasonably required by the general interests of the public.
With respect to public enterprises relating to electric light, stockyard and
laundry, the Government of the Chinese Republic, upon taking them over, shall
re-transfer them to the Chinese municipal authorities of Tsingtao, which shall, in
turn, cause commercial companies to be formed under Chinese laws for the
management and working of the said enterprises, subject to municipal regulation and
supervision.
III. —
The Government of the Chinese Republic declares that it will instruct the
Inspector-General of the Chinese Maritime Customs (1) to permit Japanese traders
iu the former German Leased Territory of Kiaochow to communicate in the Japan-
ese language with the Custom House of Tsingtao; and (2) to give consideration,
within the limits of the established service regulations of the Chinese Maritime
■Customs, to the diverse needs of the trade of Tsingtao in the selection of a suitable
Lstaff for the said Custom House.
IV.—Ts ingtao - Tsinanfu Railway
Should the Joint Railway Commission provided for in Article XVI. of the
present Treaty fail to reach an agreement on any matter within its competence, the
point or points at issue shall be taken up by tho Government of Japan and the
Government of the, Chinese Republic for discussion and adjustment by means of
diplomacy.
TREA.TY FOR THE SETTLEMENT RELATING TO SHANTUNG 153-
la the determiuatioa of such point or points, the Government of Japan and the
Government of the Chinese Republic shall, if necessary, obtain recommendations of
experts of a third Power or Powers, who shall be designated in common accord.
between two Governments,
Y.—Cliefoo- Weihsien Railway
The Government of Japan will not claim that the option for financing the •
Chefoo-Weihsien Railway suould be made open to the common activity of the
International Financial Consortium, provided that the said Railway is to be con-
structed with Chinese capital.
YI.—Opening of the Former German Leased Territory of Kiuochow
The Government of the Chinese Republic declares that, pending the enactment
and general application of laws regulating the system of local self-government in
China, the Chinese local authorities will ascertain the views of the foreign residents
in the former German Leased Territory of Kimchow in such municipal matters as-
may directly affect their welfare and interests.
T. Katc. Sao-ke Alfred Sze.
C. Shidehara. Y. K. Wellington Koo.
M. Hanihara. Cuung-Hui Wang.
AGREED TERMS OF UNDERSTANDING RECORDED IN THE MINUTES'.
OF THE JAPANESE AND CHINESE DELEGATIONS CONCERNING
THE CONCLUSION OF THE TREATY FOR THE SETTLEMENT
OF OUTSTANDING QUESTIONS RELATIVE TO SHANTUNG
Transfer of Public Properties
I. —Japanese subjects will be permitted, subject to the provisio
to become members or shareholders of any of the commercial companies to be formed.
with respect to public enterprises mentioned in Paragraph 4 of Annex II. of the
Treaty.
Withdrawal of Japanese Troops
II. —After the withdrawal of the Japanese troops provided
XI. of the Treaty, no Japanese military force of any kind will remain in any part
of Shantung.
Tsingtao-T.dnanfu Railway
III. —All light railways constructed by Japan in Shan
appurtenant thereto shall be considered as part of the properties of Tsingtao-
Tsinanfu Railway.
IY.—The telegraph lines along the Railway shall also be considered as part of
the Railway properties.
; Y.—The Chinese authorities, upon taking over the Railway, shall have full
power and discretion to retain or to remove the present employes of Japanese
nationality in the service of the Railway. In replacing such employes, reasonable
notice shall be given before the date of the transfer of the Railway. Detailed
arrangements regarding the replacements to take effect immediately on the transfer
of the Railway are to be made by the Joint Railway Commission provided for in
Article XVI. of the Treaty.
1-54 TREATY FOR THE SETTLEMENT RELATING TO SHANTUNG
VI. —The entire subordinate staff of the Japanese Traffic
Japanese Chief Accountant of the Railway is to 1 e appointed by the Chinese
Managing-Director. After two years and a half from the date of the transfer of
the Railway, the Chinese Government may appoint an Assistant Traffic Manager of
Chinese nationality for the period of two years and a half, and such Chinese
Assistant Traffic Manager may likewise be appointed at any time upon notice being
given for the redemption of the Treasury Notes under Article XVIII. of the Treaty.
VII. —The Chinese Government is under no obligation t
subjects as members of the subordinate staff above mentioned.
VIII. —The redemption of the Treasury Notes under
Treaty will not be effected with funds raised from any source other than Chinese.
IX. —The Chinese Government will ask the Japanese G
information as may be useful in making the selection of the Japanese Traffic
Accountant of the Railway.
X. —All questions relating to the existing contracts or comm
the Japanese authorities in charge of the Railway shall be settled by the Joint Rail-
way Commission ; and, prior to the transfer of the Railway, the said Japanese
authorities will not make any new contracts or commitments calculated to be harmful
to the interests of the Railway.
Opening of the Former German Leased Territory of Kiaochow
XI. —The term “ lawful pursuits” used in article XXtll. of th
be so construed as to include agriculture, or any enterprise prohibited by Chinese
law or not permitted to foreign nationals under the treaties between China and
Foreign Powers, it being understood that this definition shall be without prejudice
to the question of the salt industry provided for in Article XXV. of the Treaty or to
any question relating to vested right which shall be determined in accordance with
Article XXIV. of the Treaty.
Post Offices
XII. —All the Japanese Post Offices onts:de of the form
Territory of Kiaochow shall be withdrawn simultaneously with the transfer of the
Tsingtao-Tsinanfu Railway, if such transfer shall take place before January 1st,
1923, and, in any case, not later than the said date.
XIII. —All the Japanese Post Offices within the fo
Territory of Kiaochow shall be withdrawn simultaneously With the transfer of the
administration of the said Territory.
Claims
XIV. —The omission of any reference in the Treaty to th
which Chinese citizens may have against Japanese subjects for the restitution
of real property in Shantung or ftir damages to the person and property of Chinese
citizens m Shantung shall not prejudice such claims.
XV. —The Chinese authorities shall furnish the Japanese
list of such claims, together with all available evidence in support of each claim.
Justice shall be done through diplomatic channel as regards the claims against the
Japanese authorities, and through ordinary judicial procedure as regards the claims
against Japanese subjects. With respect to the latter class of claims, the investiga-
tion into actual facts of each case may, if necessary, be conducted by a Joint Com-
mission of Japanese and Chinese officials, in equal number, to be specially designated
for that purpose.
XVI. —The Japanese Government shall not be held respon
which may have been directly caused by the military operations of Japan during
the late war.
Washington, D.C., Feburuary 4th, 1922.
TINAL PROTOCOL MADE BETWEEN CHINA
AND ELEVEN POWERS, 1901
[Translation^
The Plenipotentiaries of Germany, Monsieur A. Mumm von Schwartzenstein ;
Austria-Hungary, Baron M. Czikann; Belgium, Monsieur Joostens; Spain, Monsieur-
B. J. de Cologan; United States, Mr. W. W. Rockhill; France, Monsieur Beau;
Great Britain, Sir Ernest Satow; Italy, Marquis Salvago Raggi; Japan, Monsieur
Jutaro Komuro; Netherlands, Monsieur F. M. Knobel; Russia, Monsieur Michael
de Giers; and the Plenipotentaries of China, His Highness Yi-K’uang, Prince of the
first rank; Ch’ing, President of the Board of Foreign Affairs; and His Excellency
Li Hung-chang, Count of the first rank; Su-Yi, Tutor of the Heir Apparent, Grand
Secretary of the W6n-Hua Throne Hall, Minister of Commerce, Superintendent of
Trade for the North, Governor-General of Chihli, have met for the purpose of
declaring that China has complied with the conditions laid down in the Note of the
22nd of December, 1900, and which were accepted in their entirety by His Majesty
the Emperor of China in a Decree dated the 27th of December, 1900 (Annex No 1).
Art. I.—By an Imperial Edict of the 9th of June last (Annex No. 2) Tsai-
F4ng, Prince of the first rank, Chun, was appointed Ambassador of His Majesty
the Emperor of China and directed in that capacity to convey to His Majesty the
Emperor of Germany the expression of the regrets of His Majesty the Emperor cf
China and of the Chinese Government at the assassination of His Excellency the
late Baron von Ketteler, German Minister, Prince Chun left Peking the 12th of
July last to carry out the orders which had been given him.
Art. II.—The Chinese Government has stated that it will erect on the spot cf
the assassination of H. E. the late Baron von Ketteler, a commemorative monument,
worthy of the rank of the deceased, and bearing an inscription in the Latin, German
and Chinese languages, which shall express the regrets of H. M. the Emperor of
China for the murder committed.
The Chinese Plenipotentiaries have informed H. E. the German Plenipotentiary,
in a letter dated the 22nd of July last (Annex No. 3) that an arch of the whole
width of the street would be erected on the said spot, and that work on it was begun
on the 25th of June last.
Art. Ila.—Imperial Edicts of the 13th and 21st of February, 1901 (Annexes
Nos. 4, 5 and 6), inflicted the following punishments on the principal authors of
the attempts and crimes committed against the Foreign Governments and their
nationals:—
Tsai-I, Prince Tuan, and Tsai-Lan, DukeFu-kuo, were sentenced to be brough
before the Autumnal Court of Assize for execution and it was agreed that, if the
Emperor saw fit to grant them their lives, they should be exiled to Turkestan and
there imprisoned for life, without the possibility of commutation of these punishments.
Tsai Hsiin, Prince Chuang, Ying-Nien, President of the Court of Censors;
and Chao Shu-chiao, President of the Board of Punishments, were condemned to
commit suicide.
Yii Hsien, Governor of Shansi; Ch’i Hsiu, President of the Board of Rites; and
Hsii Ch’dng-yti, formerly senior Vice-President of the Board of Punishments, were
condemned to death.
Posthumous degradation was inflicted on K’ang Yi, Assistant Grand Secretary,
President of the Board of Works; Hsu T’uug, Grand Secretary ; and Li Ping-h6ng,
former Governor-General of Szu-ch’uan.
456 FINAL PEOTOCOL BETWEEN CHINA AND ELEVEN POWERS, 1901
Imperial Edict of February 13th, 1901 (Annex No. 7), rehabilitated the
memories of Hsu Yun^-yi, President of the Board of War; Li Shan, President of
the Board of Works; Hsu Ching-ch’eng, Senior Vice-President of the Board of Civil
Office; Lien Yuan, Vice-Chancellor of the Grand Council ; and. Yuan Ch’ang,
Vice-President of the Court of Sacrifices, who had been put to death fot having
protested against the outrageous breaches of International Law of last year.
Prince Chuang committed suicide on the 21st of February, 1901: Ying Nien and
■Ohao Shu-chiao on the 24th, Yu-Hsien was executed on the 22nd, Ch’i-Hsiu andHsii
•Ch’eng-yii on the 26th, Tung Fu-hsiang, General in Kansu, has been deprived of
►his office by Imperial Edict of the 13th of February, 1901, pending the determination
• of the final punishment to be inflicted on him.
Imperial Edicts dated the 29th April and the 19th August, 1901, have inflicted
various punishments on the provincial officials convicted of the crimes and outrages
. of last summer.
Art. IH.—An Imperial Edict promulgated the 19th August, 1901 (Annex No. 8),
ordered the suspension of official examinations for five years in all cities where
-foreigners were massacred or submitted to cruel treatment.
Art. III.—So as to make honourable reparation for the assassination of
Mr. Sugiyama, Chancellor of the Japanese Legation, H M. the Emperor of China by
an Imperial Edict of the 18th of June, 1901 (Annex No. 9), appointed Na T’ung,
Vice-President of the Board of Finances, to be his Envoy Extraordinary, and specially
directed him to convey to H.M. the Emperor of Japan the expression of the regret
of H.M. the Emperor of China and of his Government at the assassination of
Mr. Sugiyama.
Art. IV.—The Chinese Government has agreed to erect an expiatory monument
in each of the foreign or international cemeteries which were desecrated or in which
the tombs were desWoyed.
It has been agreed with the Representatives of the Powers that the Legations
interested shall settle the details for the erection of these monuments, China bearing
all the expenses thereof , estimated at ten thousand Taels for the cemeteries at Peking
, and in its neighbourhood, and at five thousand Taels for cemeteries in the Provinces.
The amounts have been paid and the list of these cemeteries is enclosed herewith
(Annex No. 10).
Art. V.—China has agreed to prohibit the importation into its territory of arms
and ammunition as well as of materials exclusively used for the manufacture of arms
and ammunition.
An Imperial Edict has been issued on the 25th of August, 1901 (Annex No. 11),
forbidding said importation for a term of two years. New Edicts may be issued
subsequently extending this by other successive terms of two years in case of
necessity recognised by the Powers.
Art. VI.—By an Imperial Edict dated the 22nd of May, 1901 (Annex No. 12),
H.M. the Emperor of China agreed to pay the Powers an indemnity of four hundred
and fifty millions of Haikwan Taels.
This sum represents the total amount of the indemnities for States, Companies,
or Societies, private individuals and Chinese referred to in Article VI. of the Note of
. December 22nd, 1900.
(a) These four hundred and fifty millions constitute a gold debt calculated
at the rate of the Haikwan Tael t& the gold currency of each country
as indicated below:—
Haikwan Tael—Mark 3.055
Austro-Hungary crown 3.595
Gold dollar' 0.742
Franc 3.740
Pound sterling <£0. 3s. Od.
Yen 1.407
- Netherlands florin 1.796
Gold rouble 1.412
FINAL PEOTOCOL BETWEEN CHINA AND ELEVEN POWEES, 1901 157
This -sum in gold shall bear interest at 4 per cent, per annum, and the
capital shall be reimbursed by China in thirtv-nine years in the
manner'indicated in the annexed plan of amortization (Annex No.
13). Capital and interest shall be payable in gold or at the rates of
exchange corresponding to the dates at which the different payments
shall fall due.
The amortization shall commence the 1st of January, 1902, and shall finish
at the end of the year 1940. The amortizations are payable annually,
the first payment being fixed on the first of Januarv, 1903.
Interest shall run from the first of July, 1901, but the Chinese Government
shall have the right to pay off within a term of three years, beginning
January, 1902, the arrears of the first six months ending the 31st of
December, 1901, on condition, however, that it pays compound interest
at the rate of four per cent, per annu m on the sums, the payments of which
shall have been thus deferred.
Interest shall be payable semi-annually, the first payment being fixed on
the 1st of July, 1902.
manner:—
Each Power shall be represented by a delegate on a commission of bankers
authorised to receive the amount of interest and amortization which
shall be paid to it by the Chinese Authorities designated for that
purpose, to divide it among the interested parties and to give a receipt
for the same.
Corps at Peking a bond for the lump sum, which shall subsequently be
converted into fractional bonds bearing the signature of" the delegates
of the Chinese Government designated fur ihat purpose. This
operation and all those relating to issuiug of the bonds shall be
performed by the above-mentioned Commission, in accordance with
the instructions which the Powers shall send their delegates.
(d) The proceeds of the revenues assigned to the payment of the bonds
shall be paid monthly to the Commission.
(e) The revenues assigned as security for the bonds are the following:—
payment of the interest and amortization of preceding loans secured on those
revenues, plus the proceeds of the raising to five per cent, effective of the
present tariff on maritime imports, including articles until now on the free
list, but exempting rice, foreign cereals and flour, gold and silver bullion
and coin.
^2.) The revenues of the native Customs, administered in the open ports by
the Imperial Maritime Customs.
{3.) The total revenues of the Salt Gabelle, exclusive of the fraction previously
set aside for other foreign loans.
The raising of the present tariff on imports to five per cen'. effective is
agreed to on conditions mentioned below. It shall be put in force two
months after the signing of the present Protocol, and no excep ons shall be
made except for merchandise in transit not more than ten days after the
said signing.
(1.) All duties levied on imports ad valorem shall be converted as far as
possible and as soon as may be into specific duties.
This conversion shall be made in the following manner:—The average
value of merchandise at the time of their landing during the three years
1897, 1898 and 1899, that is to say, the market price less the amount of
import duties and incidental expenses, shall be talien as the basis for the
valuation of merchandise.
158 PINAL PROTOCOL BETWEEN CHINA AND ELEVEN POWER*. 1901
Pending the result of the work of conversion, duties shall be levied;
ad valorem.
(2.) The beds of the rivers Whangpoo and Peiho shall be improved with the-
financial participation of China.
Art. VII.—The Chinese Government has agreed that the quarter occupied by
the Legations shall be considered as one specially reserved for their use and placed
under their exclusive control, in which Chinese shall not have the right to reside and
which may be made defensible.
The limits of this quarter have been fixed as follows on the annexed plan (Annexe
No. 14.)—
On the East, Ketteler Street ( 10, 11, 12).
On the North, the line 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
On the West, the line 1, 2, 3; 4, 5.
On the South, the line 12-1 drawn along the exterior base of the
Tartar wall and following the line of the bastions.
In the Protocol annexed to the letter of the 16th of January. 1901, China-
recognised the right of each Power to maintain a permanent guard in the said quarter
for the defence of its Legation.
Art. VIII.—The Chinese Government has consented to raze the forts of Taku
and those which might impede free communication between Peking and the sea. Steps'*
have been taken for carrying this out.
Art. IX.—The Chinese Government conceded the right to the Powers in the-
Protocol annexed to the letter of the 16th of January, 1901, to occupy certain points,..
to be determined by an agreement between them for the maintenance of open com-
munication between the capital and the sea. The points occupied by the Powers-
are:—Huang-ts’un, Lang-fang, Yang-ts’un, Tientsin, Chiin-liang-Ch’eng, Tong-ku,
Lu-t’ai, Tong-shau, Lan-chou, Chang-li, Ch’in-wang Tao, Shauhai-kwan.
Art. X.—The Chinese Government has agreed to post and to have published
during two years in all district cities the following Imperial Edicts:—
(а) Edict of the 1st of February, 1901 (Annex No. 15), prohibiting for-
ever, under pain of death, membership in an anti-foreign society.
(б) Edicts of the 13th and 21st of February, 29th of April and 19th of
August, 1901, enumerating the punishments inflicted on the guilty.
(c) Edict of the 19th of August, 1901, prohibiting examinations in all cities-
where foreigners were massacred or subjected to cruel treatment.
(d) Edict of the 1st of February, 1901 (Annex No. 16), declaring all
Governors-General,Governors and Provincial or local officials responsible
for order in their respective districts, and that in case of new anti-foreign
troubles or other infractions of the Treaties which shall not be immedi-
ately repressed and the authors of which shall not have been punished,
these officials shall be immediately dismissed without possibility of
being given new functions or new honours.
The posting of these Edicts is being carrie 1 on throughout the Empire.
Art. XI.—The Chinese Government has agreed to negotiate the amendments
deemed necessary by the Foreign Governments to the Treaties of Commerce and
Navigation and the other subjects concerning commercial relations with the object of
facilitating them.
At present, and as a result of the stipulation contained in Article VI. concern-
ing the indemnity, the Chinese Government agrees to assist in the improvement of
the courses of the rivers Peiho and Whangpoo, as stated below.-—
(a) The works for the improvement of the navigability of the Peiho, begun
in 1898 with the co-operation of the Chinese Government, have been
resumed under the direction of an International Commission. As soon
as the administration of Tientsin shall have been handed back to tho
Chinese Government it will be in a position to be represented on this
FINAL PROTOCOL BETWEEN CHINA AND ELEVEN POWERS, 1901 159
Commission, and will pay each year a sum of 60,000 Haikwan Taels
for maintaining the works.
(b) A Conservancy Board, charged with the management and control
of the works for straightening the Whangpoo and the improvement
of the course of that river, is hereby created.
This Board shall consist of members representing the interests of the Chinese
•Government and those of foreigners in the shipping trade of Shanghai.
The expenses incurred for the works and the general management of the under-
taking are estimated at the annual sum of 460,000 Haikwan Taels for the first twenty
years. This sum shall be supplied in equal porti >ns by the Chinese Government and
the foreign interests concerned. Detailed stipulations concerning the composition,
duties and revenues of the Conservancy Board are embodied in Annex No. 17.
Art. XII.— An Imperial Edict of the 24th of July, IDOL (Annex No. 18),
reformed the Office of Foreign Affairs, Tsungli Yamen, on the lines indicated by the
Powers, that is to say, transforms!! it into a Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Waiwupu,
which takes precedence over the six other Ministries of State: the same Edict
-appointed the principal members of this Ministry.
An agreemertt has also been reached concerning the modification of Court
“Ceremonial as regards the reception of the Foreign Representatives, and has been the
•subject of several Notes from the Chinese Plenipotentiaries, the substance of which
has been embodied in a memorandum herewith annexed (Annex No. 19).
Finally it is expressly understood that as regards the declarations specified above
and the annexed documents originating with the foreign Plenipotentiaries, the
Freach text only is authoritative.
The Chinese Government having thus complied to the satisfaction of the Powers
with the conditions laid down in the above-mentioned Note of December 22nd, 19UQ,
-the Powers have agreed to accede to the wish of China to terminate the situatioa
•created by the disorders of the summer of 1900. In consequence thereof the foreign
Plenipotentiaries are authorised to declare in the names of their Governments that,
with the exception of the Legation guards mentioned in Article VII., the Interna-
tional troops will completely evacuate the city of Peking on the 17th of September,
1901, and. with the exception of the localities mentioned in Article IX., will withdraw
from the Province of Chihli on the 22nd of September, 1901.
The present Final Protocol has been drawn up in twelve identical copies and signed
by all the Plenipotentiaries of the contracting countries. One copy shall he gives
to each of the Foreign Plenipotentiaries, and one copy shall be given to the Chinese
Plenipotentiaries.
(Signed) A. von Mumm.
„ M. Czikann.
„ JOOSTENS.
„ B. J. DE COLOGAN.
„ W. W. Rockhill.
„ Beau.
„ Ernest Satow.
,, Salvago Raggi.
„ JUTARO KOMURA.
, F. M. Knob el.
„ M. de Giers.
„ Yi K’uang.
„ Li Hung-chang.
Certified copy.
(Signed) A. d’Anthouaed.
„ B. i\ROUPENSKY.
„ Reginald Tower.
„ Von Bohlexund Haxback
GERMANY
TREATY OE PEACE BETWEEN CHINA AND GERMANY
Ratified and Signed at Peking on the 1st July, 1921
The G-overnment of the Republic of China and the Grovernment of the Republic
of Germany, animated by the desire to reestablish the relations of friendship and
commerce by an agreement between the two countries, taking as basis the Declara-
tion of the Republic of Germany dated on this day and recognizing that tne applica-
tion of the principles of the respect of territorial sovereignty, of equality, and of
reciprocity is the only means to maintain good understanding between the peoples,,
have named, for this purpose, as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say :
The Government of the Republic of China, W. W. Yen, Minister of Foreign
Affairs.
The Government of the Republic of Germany, H. von Borch, Consul-General..
Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, which are-
found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following dispositions:
Art. I.—The two High Contracting Parties have the right mutually to send
duly accredited diplomatic representatives who shall reciprocally enjoy in the country
of their residence the privileges and immunities that are accorded to them by the
law of nations.
Art. II.—The two High Contracting Parties accord to each other reciprocally
the right to appoint, in all the places where there is established a consulate or a vice-
consulate of a third nation, consuls, vice-consuls, and consular agents who shall be
treated with the consideration and regard that are accorded to the agents of the same
grade of other nations. *
Art. III.—-The nationals of one of the two Republics residing in the territory
of the other shall have the right, in conformity with the laws and regulations of the
country, to travel, to reside, and to engage in commerce or industry, in all the
places where the nationals of another nation are allowed to do so.
They shall be placed, their persons as well as their properties, under the juris-
diction of the local courts : they shall conform themselves to the laws of the country
where they reside. They shall not pay any imposts, taxes, or contributions higher
than those paid by the nationals of the country.
Art. I Vr.—The two High Contracting, Parties recognize that all the matters-
concerning tai’ilf are regulated solely by the internal legislation of each of them..
Any duties higher than those paid by the nationals of the country shall not, however,,
be levied on the products, raw or manufactured, having origin in one of the two
Republics or in a third country at their importations, exportations, or transit.
Art. Y.—The Declaration of the Republic of Germany on this day and the
stipulations of the present Agreement shall be taken as the basis for the negotiation
of a definitive treaty.
Art. VI.—The present Agreement is drawn up in Chinese, German, and
French: in case of difference in interpretation the French text shall prevail.
Art. VJI.—The present Agreement shall be ratified as soon as possible and
come into force on the day when the two Governments shall have made known to-
each other that the ratifications have been effectuated.
Done at Peking, in double copies, the 20th day, 5th Moon, 10th Year of the-
Eepublic, corresponding to May 20th, 1921.
Notices of ratification were exchanged at 10 o’clock, July 1st, at the Wai-
chiaopu Building.
(Signed) Dr. W. W. Yen,
Minister of Foreign Affairs, China.
(Signedl H. von Borch,
' Representative of the German Government.
TREATY OF PEACE BETWEEN CHINA AND GERMANY 161
Declaration
The undersigned, being the duly authorized representative of the Government
of the Kepublic of Germany, has the honour to make known in the name of his
Government to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the .Republic of China the
following :
The Government of the Republic of Germany, animated by the desire to
reestablish the relations of friendship and commerce between China and Germany,
Considering that such relations should be based upon the principles of perfect
equality and absolute reciprocity in conformity with the generally recognized rules of
international law;
Considering that the President of the Republic of China issued a Mandate on
September loth, 1919, concerning the restoration of peace with Germany ;
Considering that Germany engages herself to fulfil the obligations towards
China, derived from Articles 128 to 134 (inclusive) of the Treaty of Versailles,
dated June 28th, 1919, and coming into force on January 10th, 1920;
Affirms that Germany has been obliged by the events of the War and by the
Treaty of Versailles to renounce all the rights, interests, and privileges which she
acquired by virtue of the Treaty concluded by her with China on March 6th, 1898,
and other Acts concerning the Province of Shantung, and finds herself deprived
of the possibility of restituting them to China;
And formally declares:
To consent to the abrogation of the consular jurisdiction in China.
To renounce, in favour of China, all the rights which the German Government
possessed in the “ Glacis ” attached to the German Legation in Peking, admitting
that by the expression “ public properties ” in the First Paragraph of Article 130
of the Treaty of Versailles the above-mentioned ground was equally included ;
And to be prepared to reimburse the Chinese Government the expenses for the
internment of German militaries in the various camps of internment in China.
The undersigned takes this occasion to renew to His Excellency the assurances
of his high consideration.
(Signed) H. von Borch.
Letter from Dr. W. W. Ten, Minister of Foreign Affairs,
to Herr von Borch
Tour Excellency, May 20th, 1921.
“I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of Your Excellency’s letter of
even date in which it is stated
“ ‘ As an explanation to the German Declaration and the Sino-German Agree-
ment I have the-honour, at the instruction of my Government, to make the follow-
ing declarations:
(1.) Customs tariff on Chinese goods imported into Germany. The statement
that the import, export and transit duties to be paid by nationals of either of the
Two High Contracting Parties shall not be higher than those paid by nationals of
the country, as provided for in Article 4 of the Agreement, does not preclude China
from the privilege of applying Article 264 of the Versailles Treaty.
Payvient of Indemnity
(2.) The payment of indemnity. The statement in the German Declaration
that Germany is prepared to reimburse the Chinese Government the expenses on
the internment of German militaries in various camps of internment in China is
understood to mean that Germany, in addition to indemnifying China for her losses,
according to the principles of the Versailles Treaty, is also willing to refund to China
the internment expenses. As to the indemnity for war loss:s, Germany undertakes
6
162 TREATY OF PEACE BETWEEN CHIVA AND GERMANY
to pay in advance a portion thereof in a lump sum, which repres'nts tlie equiva'ent
of one-half of the proceeds from the liquidated German property and one-half of the
values of the sequestrated but not yet liquidated German property, which amount
will eventually be agreed upon and which will consist of $4,0i>0,00J in cash and the
balance in Tsin-Pu and Hu-K«a.ng railway bonds.
(3.) Chinese property in Germany. The movable and immovable properties of
Chinese residents of Germany will be returned at the ratification of the agree-
ment.
(4.) Chinese students in Germany will be returned at the ra'ificatioa of the
agreement.
(5.) Chinese students in Germany. In regard to the Chinese students in Ger-
many the German Government will be pleased to assist them with its best efforts
in securing admission to schools or acquiring practical experience.’
Queries Answered
As to the queries addressed by Your Excellency, I have the honour to reply as
follows:
(1.) The security to be given in future to the property of Chinese or German
residents. The Chinese Government promises to give full protection to the peaceful
undertkings of Germans in China and agrees not to further sequestrate their pro-
perties except in accordance with the generally recognized principles of international
law and the provisions of the laws of China, provided that the German Government
will treat the Chinese residents in Germany in like manner.
(2.) Judicial guarantee. Lawsuits of Germans in China shall be tried in the
modem courts according to the modern codes, with the right of appeal, and in
accordance with the regular legal procedure. During the period of litigation the
assistance of German lawyers and interpreters, who have been duly recognized by
the court, is permitted.
(3 ) In regard to the lawsuits in the Mixed Court in which Germans are in-
volved either as one or both parties, the Chinese Government will in the future try
to find a solution so as to insure justice and fairness to all parties concerned.
(4.) China’s Trading with the Enemy Act. All the laws and regulations con-
cerning trade with the enemy will lose their effect from the day of the ratification
of the treaty. All German trade-marks which had been registered at the Customs
House will recover their validity if they are registered again, after the ratification of
the Agreement, at the Customs House by their owners. Prior to the general ap-
plication of the national tariff in China, the imports of Germans may pay the
Customs duties according to the tariff rate in general use.
(5.) The liquidation of Sino-German indebtedness. The Chinese Govern-
ment has no intention to join the Clearing House system, as provided for in Article
296 of the Versailles Treaty. Furthermore, the Chinese Government, in considera-
tion of the fact that Germany undertakes, as stated above, to pay a lump sum as a
portion of the indemnity for war losses sustained by the Chinese Government,
agrees to effectually cease, at the signature of the Agreement, all liquidation of Ger-
man properties, and on receipt of the aforesaid indemnity and after the ratification
of the Agreement agrees to return to German owners all the proceeds from the
liquidation of German property and all the German property still under sequestra-
tion. The aforesaid procedure shall be considered as a settlement of all the matters
concerning the liquidation, sequestration or control of German property as stated
in the second sentence of Article 133 of the Versailles Treaty.
As to the Deutsch-Asiatische Bank and the Ching-Hsin Mining Corporation,
the Chinese authorities concerned will discuss methods of settlement with the Bank
and the Corporation themselves; the unliquidated premises of the said bank in
Peking and Hankow will, however, be returned to the original owner in accordance
with the procedure stated above.
(Signed) W. W. Ybn.
KOREA
TREATY OF ANNEXATION TO JAPAN
;
Concluded 29th A uoust, 1910
DECLARATION
Notwithstanding the earnest and laborious work of reforms in the adminis-
tration of Korea in which the Government of Japan and Korea have been engaged for
more than four years since the conclusion of the agreement of 1905, the existing
system of Government in that country has not proved entirely equal to the duty
of preserving public order and tranquillity, and in addition a spirit of suspicion and
misgiving dominates the whole peninsula.. In order to maintain peace and stability;
in Korea, to promote the prosperity and welfare of Koreans and at the same time to,
ensure! the safety and repose of foreign residents, it has been made abundantly
clear that fundamental changes in the actual regimp of Government are absolutely
essential. The Government of Japan and Korea being convinced of the urgent
necessity of introducing reforms respective to the requirements of the situation and
of furnishing sufficient guarantees for the future, have, with the approval of His,
Majesty the Emperor of Korea, concluded through their respective Plenipotentiaries
a Treaty providing for the complete annexation of Korea to the Empire of Japan.
By virtue of that important act, which shall take effect on its promulgation, the
Imperial Government of Japan undertake the entire government and administration
of Korea, and they hereby declare that the matters relating to foreigners and foreign
trade in Korea shall be conducted in accordance with the following rules:—
1. —The Treaties hitherto concluded by Korea with Foreign Pow
operative, Japan’s existing treaties will, so far as practicable, be applied in Korea.
Foreigners resident in Korea will, as far as conditions permit, enjoy the same rights
and immunities as in Japan proper and the protection of their legally acquired
rights, subject in all cases tp the jurisdiction of Japan. The Imperial Government
of, Japan are ready to consent that the jurisdiction in respect of cases actually pend-
ing jn any foreign Consular Courts in Korea at the tun<“ the Treaty of Annexation
takes effect shall remain in such Courts until final decision.
2. —Independently of any conventional: engagements formerl
subject, thp:Imperial Government of Japan will for a peripd of ten years levy upon
goods imported into Korea from foreigri
(Countries and,upon fprpjgn,vessels epuntries
entering any ofortheexported fromofKorea
open ports Koreatotheforeign
same
import or, export duties and the same tonnage dues as under the, existing scbeduil$5.
The same import or export duties and tonnage dues as those to be levied upon tbe
aforesaid goods and vessels will also for a period of ten years be applied in respect
of goods imported into Korea from Japan or exported from Korea to Japan and
Japanese vessels.
3. —The Imperial Government of Japan will also permit fo
years vessels under the flags of Powers having trextics with Japan to engage in the
coasting trade between the open ports of Korea and batween those ports and any
open ports of Japan.
6*
161 TREATY OF ANNEXATION TO JAPAN
4.—The existing open ports of Korea, with the exception of Masampo, will be
continued as open ports, and in addition Shinwiju will be newly opened, so that
vessels, foreign as well ns Japanes^, will there be/ ,admitted and goods may be im-
ported into and exported from those ports. |
-1/ i f. | ^ j j Treaty. , ,. ‘'VI
His Majesty the Emperor of Japan and His Majesty the Emperor of Korea,
having in view the special and close relations “between their respective countries,
desiring to promote the common weal of the two nations and to assure permanent
peace in the Extreme East, being convinced that these objects can be best attained
by the annexation of Korea to the Empire of Japan, have resolved to conclude a
treaty of such annexation and have for that purpose appointed as their plenipoten-
tiaries, that is to say: His Majesty the Emperor of Japan* Viscount Masakata
Terauchi, His Resident General; and His Majesty the Emperor of Korea, Ye Wan
Yong, His Minister President of State, who, upon mutual conference and deliberation,
have agreed to the following Articles:— ,, ^
I. —His Majesty the Emperor of Korea makes complete and per
to His Majesty the Emperor of Japan of all rights of sovereignty over the whole
of Korea.
II. —His Majesty the Emperor of Japan accepts the eoileession
preceding Article and consents to the complete annexation of Korea to the Empire
of Japan.
III. —His Majesty the Emperor of Japan will accord to
Emperor and Ex-Emperor and His Imperial Highness the Crown Prince of Korea
and their consorts and heirs such titles, dignity and honour as are appropriate to
their respective ranks, and sufficient annual grants will be made for the maintenance
of such titles, dignity and honour.
IV. —His Majesty the Emperor of Japan will also accord appro
treatment to the, members of the Imperial House of Korea and their heirs other than
those mentioned in the preceding Articles, and the funds necessary for the mainten-
ance of such honour and treatment will be granted.
V. —His Majesty the Emperor of Japan will confer peerage
grants upon those Koreans who on account of meritorious services are regarded as
deserving such special recognition.
VI. —In consequence of the aforesaid annexation the Govern
sume the entire government and administration of Korea and undertake to afford full
protection for the persons and property of Koreans obeying the laws there in force
and to promote the welfare of all such Koreans.
VII. —The Government of Japan will, so far as circumstanc
the public service of Japan in Korea those Koreans who accept the new regime loyally
and in good faith and who are duly qualified for such service.
Viri.—The Treaty, having been approved by His Majesty the Emperor of Japan
and His Majesty the Emperor or Korea, shall take effect from the date of its
promulgation.
REGULATIONS UNDER WHICH BRITISH TRADE IS
TO BE CONDUCTED IN COREA (CHOSEN)
I.—Entrance and Clearance of Vessels
1. —Within forty-eight hours (exclusive of Sundays and
arrival of a British ship in a Corean port, the master shall deliver to the Corean
Customs authorities the receipt of the British Consul showing that he has deposited
the ship’s papers at the British Consulate, and he shall then make an entry of this
ship by handing in a written paper stating the name of the ship, of the port from
which she comes, of her master, the number, and, if required, the names of her
passengers, her tonnage, and the number of her crew, which paper shall be certified
by the master to be a true statement, and shall be signed by him. He shall, at the
same time, deposit a written manifest of his cargo, setting forth the marks and
numbers of the packages and their contents as they are described in the bills of
lading, with the names of the persons to whom they are consigned. The master shall
certify that this description is correct, and shall sign his name to the same. When
a vessel has been duly entered, the Customs authorities will issue a permit to open
hatches, which shall be exhibited to the Customs officer on board. Breaking bulk
without having obtained such permission will render the master liable to a fine not
•exceeding one hundred Mexican Dollars.
2. —If any error is discovered in the manifest, it. may be corr
four hours (exclusive of Sundays and holidays) of its being handed in, without the
payment of any fee ; hut for alteration or post entry to the manifest made after
that time a fee of Five Mexican Dollars shall be paid.
3. —Any master who shall neglect to enter his vessel at the C
within the time fixed by this Regulation shall pay a penalty not exceeding Fifty
Mexican Dollars for every twenty-four hours that he shall so neglect to enter his ship.
4. —Any British vessel which remains in port for less tha
(exclusive of Sundays and holidays) and does not open her hatches, also any vessel
•driven into port by stress of weather, or only in want of supplies, shall not be required
to enter or pay tonnage dues so long as such vessel does not engage in trade.
1.—When the master of a vessel wishes to clear, he shall hand in to the Customs
authorities an export manifest containing similar particulars to those given in the
import manifest. The Customs authorities will then issue a clearance certificate and
return the Consul’s receipt for the ship’s papers. These documents must be handed
into the Consulate before the ship’s papers are returned to the master.
6. —Should any ship leave the port without clearing outw
above prescribed, the master shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding Two Hundred
Mexican Dollars.
7. —British steamers may enter and clear on the same day, a
•required to hand in a manifest except for such goods as are to be landed or transhipped
>at the port of entry.
166 KEGULATIONS FOB BBITISH TRADE WITH COEEA
YL.—-Landing and Shipping Cargo and Payment of Duties
1. —The importer of any goods who desires to land them shall ma
application to that effect at the Custom-house, stating his own name, the name of the
ship in which the goods have been imported, the marks, numbers, and contents of the
packages and their values, and declaring that this statement is correct. The Customs
authorities may demand the production of the invoice of each consignment of
merchandise. If it is not produced, or if its absence is not satisfactorily accounted for,
the owner shall be allowed to land his goods on payment of double the Tariff duty,
but the surplus duty so levied shall be refunded on the production of the invoice.
2. —All goods so entered may be examined by the Customs office
appointed for the purpose. Such examination shall be made without delay or injury
to the merchandise, and the packages shall be at once re-sorted by the Customs
authorities to their original condition, in so far as may be practicable.
3. —Should the Customs authorities consider the value of any go
ad valorem duty as declared by the importer or exporter insufficient, they shall call
upon him to pay duty on the value determined by an appraisement to be made by the
Customs appraiser. But should the importer or exporter be dissatisfied with that
appraisement, lie shall within twenty-four hours (exclusive of Sundays and holidays)
state his reasons for such dissatisfaction to the Commissioner of Customs, and shall
appoint an appraiser of his own to make a re-appraisement. He shall then declare
the value of the goods as determined by such re-appraisement. The Commissioner
of Customs will thereupon, at his option, either assess the duty on the value deter-
mined by this re-appraisement, or will purchase the goods from the importer or
exporter at the price thus determined, with the addition of five per cent. In the
hitter case the purchase money shall be paid to the importer or exporter within five
flays from the date on which he has declared the value determined by his own
appraiser.
4. —Upon all goods damaged on the voyage of importation a fai
duty shall be allowed, proportionate to their deterioration. If any disputes arise as
to the amount of such reduction, they shall be settled in the manner pointed out in
the preceding clause.
5. —All goods intended to be exported shall be entered at the C
house before they are shipped. The application to ship shall be made in writing, and
shall state the name of the vessel by which the goods are to be exported, the marks
and number of the packages, and the quantity, description, and value of the contents.
The exporter shall certify in writing that the application gives a true account of all
the goods contained therein, and shall sign his name thereto.
6. —No goods shall be landed or shipped at other places than thos
Corean Customs authorities, or between the hours of sunset and sunrise, or on Sundays
or holidays, without the special permission of the Customs authorities, who will be
entitled to reasonable fees for the extra duty thus performed.
7. —Claims by importers or exporters for duties paid in excess, or by
authorities for duties which have not been fully paid, shall be entertained only when
made within thirty days from the date of payment.
8. —No entry will be required in the case of provisions for the u
ships, their crews and passengers, nor for the baggage of the latter which may be
landed or shipped at any time after examination by the Customs officers.
9. —Vessels needing repairs may land their cargo for that purpos
payment of duty. All goods so landed shall remain in charge of the Corean Autho
rities, and all just charges for storage, labour, and supervision shall be paid by the
master. But if any. portion of such cargo be sold, the duties of the Tariff shall b,e
p tid on the portion so disposed of.
REGULATIONS FOR BRITISH TRADE WITH COREA 167
10.—Any person desiring to tranship cargo shall obtain a permit from the Customs
authorities before doing so.
III.—Protection of the Revenue
1. —The Customs authorities shall have the right to place Custo
board any British merchant vessel in their ports. All such Customs officers shall have
access to all parts of the ship in which cargo is stowed. They shall be treated with
civility, and such reasonable accommodation shall be allowed to them as the ship affords.
2. —The hatches and all other places of entrance into that part of t
cargo is stowed may be secured by the Corean Customs officers between the hours of
sunset and sunrise, and on Sundays and holidays, by affixing seals, locks, or other
fastenings, and if any person shall, without due permission, wilfully open any entrance
that has been so secured, or break any seal, lock, or other fastening that has been
affixed by the Corean Customs officers, not only the person so offending, but the master
of the ship, also, shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding One Hundred Mexican
Dollars.
3 —Any British subject who ships, or attempts to ship, or discharges, or attempts
to discharge, goods which have not been duly entered at the Custom-house in the
manner above provided, or package containing goods different from those described
in the import or export permit appslication, or prohibited goods, shall forfeit twice
the value of such goods, and the goods shall be confiscated.
4. —Any person signing a false declaration or certificate with the in
the revenue of Corea shall be liable to a fine not exceeding Two Hundred Mexican
Dollars.
5. —Any violation of any provision of these Regulations, to whic
specially attached therein, may be punished by a fine not exceeding One Hundred
Mexican Dollars.
Note.—All documents required by these Regulations, and all other communications
addressed to the Corean Customs authorities, may be written in the English language.
[L.S.] Harry S. Parkes.
„ Min Yong-mok.
COREAN TARIFF
The. Import Tariff ha,* been indentical with that of Japan proper since August
29 th, 1920, except as regards the table given below.
The Export Tariff, also, is indentical with that of Japan proper, that is to say,
goods are exported free.
IMPORTS
Bate of Duty.
Horses (living)
Sheep (living)
Salt:
Obtained by spontaneous evaporation
(unground) 100 kin 0.10
ad val 30%
Mineral Oils coming under B 2, No. 112,
Import Tariff annexed to the Customs
Tariff Law 10 American gallons 0.19
Free
Wood coming under F and J, 1, No. 612,
Import Tariff annexed to the Customs
Tariff Law
TREATIES WITH JAPAN
GREAT BRITAIN
TREATY OE COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION BETWEEN
GREAT BRITAIN AND JAPAN
Signed at London, 16th July, 1894
Ratifications Exchanged at Tokyo, 26th August, 1894
Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
Empress of India, and His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, being equally desirous
of maintaining the relations of good understanding which happily exist between
them, by extending and increasing the intercourse between their respective States,
and being convinced that this object cannot better be accomplished than by revising
the Treaties hitherto existing between the two countries, have resolved to complete
such a revision, based upon principles of equity and mutual benefit, and, for that
purpose, have named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say :—
Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
Empress of India, the Eight Honourable John, Earl of Kimberley, Knight of the
Most Noble Order of the Garter, etc., etc., Her Britannic Majesty’s Secretary of
State for Foreign Affairs ;
And His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, Viscount Aoki Siuzo, Junii, First Class
of the Imperial Order of the Sacred Treasure, His Majesty’s Envoy Extraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of St; James’;
Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, found to be
in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following Articles :—
Article I.—The subjects of each of the two high contracting parties shall have
full liberty to enter, travel, or reside in any part of the dominions and possessions
of the other contracting party, and shall enjoy full and perfect protection for their
persnos and property.
They shall have free and easy access to the Courts of Justice in pursuit and
defence of their rights; they shall be at liberty equally with native subjects to
choose and employ lawyers, advocates, and representatives to pursue and defend
their rights before such Courts, and in all other matters connected with the
administration of justice they shall enjoy all the rights and privileges enjoyed by
native subjects.
In whatever relates to rights of residence and travel; to the possession of goods
and effects of any kind; to the succession to personal estate, by will or otherwise,
and the disposal of property of any sort in any manner whatsoever which they may
lawfully acquire, the subjects of each contracting party shall enjoy in the dominions
and. possessions of the other the same privileges, liberties, and rights, and shall be
subject to no higher imposts, or charges in these respects than native subjects, or
subjects or citizens of the most favoured nation. The subjects of each of the
contracting parties shall enjoy in the dominions and possessions of the other entire
liberty of conscience, and, subject to the Laws, Ordinances, and Eegulations, shall
ennjoy the right of private or public exercise of their worship, and also the right of
burying their respective countrymen, according to their religious customs, in such
suitable and convenient places as may be established and maintained for that purpose;
They shall not be compelled, under any pretext whatsoever, to pay any charges
or taxes other or high than those that are, or may be, paid by native subjects, or
subjects or citizens of most favoured nation.
170 TREVTY BETWEEN' GREAT BRITAIN AND JAPAN
Article II.— I’lie subjects of either of the contractin',' parties residing in the
dominions and' possessions of the other shall r be exempted from all compulsory
military service whatsoever, whether in the armv , navy, national guards, or militia,
from all contributions imposed in lieu of personal service; and from all forced loan
or military exactions or contributions.
Article ILL—There shall be reciprocal freedom of commerce and navigation
between the dominions and possessions of the two high contracting parties.
The subjects of each of the high contracting parties may trade in any part of
the dominions and possessions of the other by wholesale or retail in all kinds of
produce, manufactures, and merchandize of lawful commerce, either in person or by
agents, singly, or in partnership with foreigners or native subjects: and they may
there own or hire and occupy the houses, manufactories, warehouses, shops, and
premises which may be necessary for. them, and lease laud for residential and
commercial purposes, conforming themselves to the Laws, Police, and Customs
Regulations of the country like native subjects.
They shall have liberty to come with their ships and cargoes to all places, ports,
and rivers in the dominions and possessions of the other which are or may be
opened to foreign commerce, and shall enjoy, respectively, the same treatment, in
matters of commerce and navigation, as native subjects, or subjects or citizens of the
most favoured nation, without having to pay taxes, imposts, or duties, of whatever
nature or under whatever denomination levied in the name or for the profit of
the Government, public functionaries, private individuals, corporations, or establish-
ments of any kind, other or greater than those paid by native subjects, or subjects
or citizens of the most favoured nation, subject always to the Laws, Ordinances, and
Regulations ot each country.
Article TV. — The dwellings, manufactories, warehouses, and shops of the
subjects of each of the high contracting parties in the dominions and possessions
of the other, and all premises appertaining thereto destined for purposes of residence
or commerce, shall be respected.
It shall not be allowable to proceed to make a search of, ora domiciliary visit to,
such dwellings and premises, or to examine or inspect books, papers, or accounts
except under the conditions and with the forms prescribed by the Laws, Ordinances,
and Regulations for subjects of the country.
Article Y.—Ho other or higher duties shall be imposed on the importation into
the dominions and possessions of Her Britannic Majesty of any article, the produce
or manufacture of dominions and possessions of His Majesty the Emperor of Japan,
from whatever place arriving; and no other or higher duties shall be imposed on the
importation into the dominions and possessions of His Majesty the Emperor of
Japan of any article, the produce or manufacture of the dominions and possessions
of Her Britannic Majesty, from whatever place arriving than on the like article
produced or manufactured in any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition
be maintained or imposed on the importation of any article, the produce or
manufacture of the dominions and possessions of either of the high contracting
parties, into the dominions and possessions of the other, from whatever place
arriving, which shall not equally extend to the importation of the like article, being
the produce or manufacture of any other country. This last provision is not applicable
to the sanitary and other prohibitions occasioned by the necessity of protecting the
safety of persons, or of cattle, or of plants useful to agriculture.
Article YI.—Ho other or higher duties or charges shall be imposed in the
dominions and possessions of either of the high contracting parties on the exporta-
tion of any article to the dominions and possessions of the other than such as are,
or may be, payable on the exportation of the like article to any other foreign
country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the exportation of any article from
the dominions and possessions of either of the two contracting parties to the
dominions and possessions of the other which shall not equally extend to the
exportation of the like article to any other country.
Article YII. —The subjects of each of the high contracting parties shall enjoy
TREATY BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN AND JAPAN 171
in the dominions and possessions of the other exemptions from all transit duties
and a perfect equality of treatment with native subjects in all that relates to
warehousing, bounties, facilities, and drawbacks.
Article VIII.—All articles which are or may be legally imported into the ports
of the dominions and possessions of His Majesty the Emperor of Japan in Japanese
vessels may likewise be imported into those ports in British vessels, without being
liable to any other or higher duties or charges of whatever denomination than if such
articles were imported in Japanese vessels; and, reciprocally, all articles which are or
may be legally imported into the ports of the dominions and possessions of Her
Britannic Majesty in British vessels may likewise be imported into those ports in
Japanese vesssels, without being liable to any other or higher duties or charges of
whatever denomination than if such articles were imported in British vessels. Such
reciprocal equality of treatment shall take effect without distinction, whether such
articles come directly from the place of origin or from any other places.
In the same manner there shall be perfect equality of treatment in regard to
exportation,so that the same export duties shall be paid and the same bounties and
drawbacks allowed in the dominions and possessions of either of the high contract-
ing parties on the exportation of any article which is or may be legally exported
therefrom, whether such exportation shall take place in Japanese or in British
vessels, and whatever may be the place of destination, whether a port of either of
the contracting parties or of any third Power.
Article IX.—No duties of tonnage, harbour, pilotage, lighthouse, quarantine,
or other similar or corresponding duties of whatever nature or under whatever
denomination, levied in the name or for the profits of the Government, public
functionaries, private individuals, corporations, or establishments of any kind, shall
be imposed in the ports of the dominions and possessions of either country upon the
vessels of the other country which, shall not equally and under the same conditions
be imposed in the like cases on national vessels in general, or vessels of the most
favoured nation. Such equality of treatment shall apply reciprocally to the
respective vessels, from whatever port or place they may arrive, and whatever may
be their place of destination.
Article X.—In all that regards the stationing, loading, and unloading of vessels
in the ports, basins, docks, roadsteads, harbours, or rivers of the dominions and
possessions of the two countries, no privilege shall be granted to national vessels
which shall not be equally granted to vessels of the other country ; the intention of
the high contracting parties being that in this respect also the respective vessels
shall be treated on the footing of perfect equality.
Article XI.—The coasting trade of both the high contracting parties is
excepted from the provisions of the present Treaty, and shall be regulated according
to the Laws, Ordinances, and Regulations of Japan and of Great Britain respec-
tively. It is, however, understood that Japanese subjects in the dominions and
possessions of Her Britannic Majesty and British subjects in the dominions and
possessions of His Majesty the Emperor of Japan shall enjoy in this respect the
rights which are or may be granted under such Laws, Ordinances, and Regulations
to the subjects or citizens of any other country.
A Japanese vessel laden in a foreign country with cargo destined for two or
more ports in the dominions and possessions of Her Britannic Majesty and a British
vessel laden in a foreign country with cargo destined for two or more ports in the
dominions and possessions of His Majesty the Emperor of Japan may discharge a
portion of her cargo at one port, and continue her voyage to the other port or ports
of destination where foreign trade is permitted, for the purpose of landing the
remainder of her original cargo there, subject always to the Laws and Custom-
house Regulations of the two countries.
The Japanese Government, however, agrees to allow British vessels to continue,
as heretofore, for the period of the duration of the present Treaty, to carry cargo
between the existing open ports of the Empire, excepting to or from the ports of
Osaka, Niigata, and Ebisu-minato.
172 TREATY BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN AND JAPAN
Article XII.—-Any ship of war or merchant vessel of either of the high
contracting parties which may be compelled by stress of weather, or by reason of
any other distress, to take shelter in a port of the other, shall be at liberty to refit
therein, to procure all necessary supplies, and to put to sea again, without paying
any dues other than such as would be payable by national vessels. In case, how-
ever, the master of a merchant vessel should be under the necessity of disposing of
a part of his cargo in order to defray the expenses, he shall be bound to conform to
the Regulations and Tariffs of the place to which he may have come.
If any ship of war or merchant vessel of one of the contracting parties should
run aground or be wrecked upon the coast of the other, the local authorities shall
inform the Consul-General, Consul, Vice-Consul, or Consular Agent of the district
of the occurrence, or, if there be no such Consular officer, they shall inform the
Consul-General, Consul, Vice-Consul, or Consular Agent of the nearest district.
All proceedings relative to the salvage of Japanese vessels wrecked or cast on
shore in the territorial waters of Her Britannic Majesty shall take place in accordance
with the Laws, Ordinances, and Regulations of Great Britain, and, reciprocally, all
measures of salvage relative to British vessels wrecked or cast on shore in the
territorial waters of His Majesty the Emperor of Japan shall take place in accordance
with the Laws, Ordinances, and Regulations of Japan.
Such stranded or wrecked ship or vessel, and all parts thereof, and all furniture,
and appurtenances belonging thereunto, and all goods and merchandise saved
therefrom, including those which may have been cast into the sea, or the proceeds
thereof, if sold, as well as all papers found on board such stranded or wrecked ship
or vessel, shall be given up to the owners or their agents, when claimed by them.
If such owners or agents are not on the spot, the same shall be delivered to the
respective Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents upon being
claimed by them within the period fixed by the laws of the country, and such
Consular officers, owners, or agents shall pay only the expenses incurred in the
preservation of the property, together with the salvage or other expenses which
would have been payable in the case of a wreck of a national vessel.
The goods and merchandise saved from the wreck shall be exempt from all the
duties of Customs unless cleared for consumption, in which case they shall pay the
ordinary duties.
When a ship or vessel belonging to the subjects of one of the contracting
parties is stranded or wrecked in the territories of the other, the respective Consuls-
General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents shall be authorized, in case
the owner or master, or other agent of the owner, is not present, to lend their official
assistance in order to afford the necessary assistance to the subjects of the respective
States. The same rule shall apply in case the owner, master, or other agent is
present, but requires such assistance to be given.
Article XIII.—All vessels which, according to Japanese law, are to be deemed
Japanese vessels, and all vessels which, according to British law, are to be deemed
British vessels, shall, for the purposes of this Treaty, be deemed Japanese and
British vessels respectively.
Article XIV.—The Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents
of each of the contracting parties, residing in the dominions and possessions of the
other, shall receive from the local authorities such assistance as can by law be given
to them for the recovery of deserters from the vessels of their respective countries.
It is understood that this stipulation shall not apply to the subjects of the
country where the desertion takes place.
Article XV.—The high contracting parties agree that, in all that concerns
commerce and navigation, any privilege, favour, or immunity which either contract-
ing party has actually granted, or may .hereafter grant to the Government, ships,
subjects, or citizens of any other State, shall be extended immediately and uncondi-
tionally to the Government, ships, subjects, or citizens of the other contracting
party, it being their intention that the trade and navigation of each country shall
be placed, in all respects, by the other on the footing of the most favoured nation.
TREATY .'BETWEEN GREAT; BRITAIN AND JAPAN ITS
Article XVI:—E,4.oti =of nigh cdntracting parties may appoint Consuls-
'Seneral, Consuls, f1Vioe->Conspls.i,^rpr,Consuls, )9.nd Consular Agents in all'the ports,
cities, and places of the other, except: in those where it may not be'convenient to
recognize such officers./t ■
This, exception, however, shall not be made in regard to one of the contracting
parties without being made likewise m regard to every other Power.
The Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Pro-Cons.uls, and Consular Agents
may exercise all functions, and shall enjoy all privileges, exemptions, and immunities
which are or may hereafter be granted to Consular officers of the most favoured nation.
Article XVII.—The subjects of each of the high contracting parties shall
enjoy in the dominions and possessions of the other the same protection as native
subjects in regard to patenis, trade marks, and designs, upon fulfilment of the
formalities prescribed by law.
- * Article XVIII.—Her Britannic Majesty’s Government, so far as they are
concerned, give their consent to the following arrangement
The several foreign Settlements in Japan shall be incorporated with the
respective Japanese Communes, and shall thenceforth form part of the general
inunicipal system of Japan.
The competent Japanese authorities shall thereupon assume all municipal obliga-
tions and duties in respect thereof, and the common funds and property, if any, be-
louaing to such Settlements, shall at the same time be transferred to the said Japanese
authorities. ,i : fr .
When such incorporation takes place existing tpases in perpetuity under which
property is now held in thejsaid Settlements shall be confirmed, and no conditions
whatsoever other than those contained in such existing leases shall be imposed in
respect of such property. It is, however, understood that the Consular authorities
mentioned in the same are in all cases to be replaced,l>y the Japanese authorities.
All lands which may previously have been granted by the Japanese Government
free of rent for the public purposes of the said Settlements sbal), subject to the
right of eminent domain, be permanently reserved free of all taxes and charges for
the public purposes for which they were originally set apart.
Article XIX.—The stipulations of the present Treaty shall be applicable, so
far as the laws permit, to alt the Colonies and foreign possessions of Her Briiannic
Majesty, excepting to those hereinafter named, that is to say, except to—
India. South Australia. Queensland. .New South Wales.
The Cape. +The Dominion of Canada. Western Australia. Tasmania.
Victoria. Natal. Newfoundland. New Zealand.
Provided always that the stipulations of the present Treaty shall be made
applicable to any of the above-named Colonies or foreign possessions on whose behalf
notice to that effect shall have been given to the Japanese Government by Her
Britannic Majesty’s .Representative at Tokyo within two years from the date of the
exchange of ratifications of the present Treaty.
Great* Owing
Britain, to France
serious and
difference
Germanyof opinion
of the which
other arose between Japan
part regarding of the one part
tne interpretation and
of The
this
clause with
Governments regard to leases
of Germany, held in
France and perpetuity, an Arbitration
GreatandBritain-named Tribunal
astoArbitrator was appointed.
M. Louisof Renault,
Professor
Affairs, andof Law
Japan in the University
named of Paris
as ofArbitrator Legal Adviser
His Excellency Itchiro the Department
Motono, EnvoyDoctor Foreign
Extraordinary
and
M. Minister
GregersTheGram,Plenipotentiary
formerly His
Norwegian Majesty
Ministerthe Emperor
of May of
State,22nd, Japan,
was 1905, at Paris,