ADMINISTRATIVE REPORTS FOR THE YEAR 1937
Table of Contents
1 Geography, including Climate and History
2 Government
3 Population and Births and Deaths
4 Public Health
5 Housing
6 Production
7 Commerce
8 Wages and Cost of Living
9 Education and Welfare institutions
10 Communication and Transport
11 Banking, Currency, Weights and Measures
12 Public Works
13 Justice and Police
14 Legislation
15 Public Finance and Taxation
A Financial Returns
A(1) Finances (Missing)
A(2) Audit office
B Assessment
C Secretariat for Chinese affairs
D Harbour office
E Imports and Exports office
F Royal Observatory
G Supreme Court
G(1) Registrar of Trade Marks
H Police Magistrates' Courts
I Land office
J New Territories
K Police and Fire Brigade
L Prisons
M Medical and Sanitary
M(1) Sanitary
N Botanical and forestry
O Education
P Volunteer Corps (Not Published)
Q Public Works
R Post office
S Railway
Chapter I.
GEOGRAPHY, INCLUDING CLIMATE AND HISTORY.
The Colony of Hong Kong is situated off the south-eastern coast of China between latitude 22° 9′ and 22° 17′ N. and longitude 114° 5′ and 114° 18′ E. The island is about eleven miles long and two to five miles in breadth, its circumference being about 27 miles and its area 32 square miles. It consists of an irregular ridge of lofty hills rising to a height of nearly 2,000 feet above sea level, stretching nearly east and west, with few valleys of any extent and little ground available for cultiva- tion.
2. The island of Hong Kong was ceded to Great Britain in January, 1841, the cession being confirmed by the Treaty of Nanking in August, 1842. The charter bears the date of 5th April, 1843. The Kowloon peninsula and Stonecutter's Island were ceded to Great Britain under the Convention signed at Peking in October, 1860, and under the Convention signed at Peking in July, 1898, the area shown as the New Territories including Mirs Bay and Deep Bay was leased to Great Britain by the Government of China for 99 years. The total area of the Colony including the New Territories is about 390 square miles.
3. The importance of Hong Kong has grown with the increase of China's trade with foreign countries. It is now in respect of tonnage entered and cleared one of the largest ports in the world. It is the most convenient outlet for the produce of South China as well as for the incessant flow of Chinese emigration to the Netherlands East Indies, Malaya and else- where. It is also the natural distributing centre for imports into China from abroad.
4. The Colony is not primarily a manufacturing centre, the most important of its industries being those connected directly or indirectly with shipping, such as dock and warehouse, banking and insurance undertakings. Sugar refining and cement manu- facture are also major industries, and in recent years considerable quantities of knitted goods, electric torches and batteries, and rubber shoes have been produced and exported.
5. The climate of Hong Kong is sub-tropical, the winter being normally cool and dry and the summer hot and humid; the seasons are marked by the prevalence of the S.W. monsoon in summer and the N.E. monsoon in winter. The temperature seldom rises above 95° F. or falls below 40° F. The average rainfall is 85.16 inches, May to September being the wettest months. In spring and summer the humidity of the atmosphere
!
2
is often very high, at times exceeding 95% with an average over the whole year of 79%. The typhoon season may be said to last from June to October though typhoons occasionally occur before and after this period."
6. The rainfall for 1937 was 82.50 inches. The mean tem- perature of the air was 73.3° against an average of 71.9°. The maximum gust velocity of the wind was greater than 125 m.p.h. from N.E. on September 2nd.
7. Government:-Sir Andrew Caldecott left the Colony on the 16th of April having been appointed Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Ceylon. The Hon. Mr. N. L. Smith administered the Government until the arrival on the 28th of October, of His Excellency Sir Geoffry Northcote, the new Governor.
+
8. Official Visits.-General Yu Han-Mow, Commander-in- Chief of the 4th Route Army and Pacification Commissioner for Kwangtung, visited the Colony and paid an official call on the Governor on the 8th of March. General Wu Teh-Chen, newly appointed Civil Governor of Kwangtung, paid an official visit to the Colony on the 12th of April.
9. Public Works.-During the year three major public enterprises were finished and declared open. The Governor, Sir Andrew Caldecott, on the 18th of January officially inspected the new prison on Stanley Peninsula, which has accommodation for 2,000 prisoners. On January the 30th the Governor unveiled a tablet at the Jubilee Reservoir, Shing Mun. The reservoir took four years to complete and has a capacity of 3,000 million gallons. The dam, 285 feet high, is the highest in the British Empire. The Queen Mary Hospital, a granite-faced structure standing 500 feet above sea-level in open country on the south side of the island, was opened on April the 13th. 546 beds and the most modern equipment are provided in this hospital, which replaces the old Government Civil Hospital and the Victoria Hospital.
10. Communications.-Three new passenger air-services were inaugurated during the year. On the 6th of May the Pan- American Airways commenced a passenger service from Manila to Hong Kong. On the 1st of December this service was extended to San Francisco. On the 29th of June Eurasia Airways extended their Peiping-Canton passenger service to Hong Kong.
A telephone service between Hong Kong and Hankow was made available to the public on the 20th of March providing a further link in the telephonic communication between the Colony and the interior of China.
11. Commissions.-A Commission was appointed by the Officer Administering the Government on the 7th of October to inquire into the sinking of Chinese fishing junks off the Chilang Lighthouse on the 22nd of September.
12. The Coronation.-The Coronation of His Majesty King George VI was celebrated on the 12th of May. In the early morning the Officer Administering the Government (The Hon. Mr. N. L. Smith) held a review of the combined services at Happy Valley. The parade consisted of over 2,500 members of His Majesty's forces in the Colony, and
and was witnessed by approximately 100,000 people.
At noon a meeting of the Legislative Council was held at which members signed a Loyal Address which was sent to Their Majesties.
2,000 guests attended a Reception and Ball at Government House in the evening. General illuminations, a silver Dragon and a Chinese lantern procession were other features of the celebrations.
13. Sino-Japanese Hostilities.-On the 7th of July hostilities broke out between China and Japan. During the ensuing months much of the trade bound for the interior of China was diverted through Hong Kong. Wharves and godowns remained crowded until the end of the year. The first refugees from Shanghai arrived in Hong Kong on the 17th of August. At the shortest notice approximately 4,800 non-Chinese refugees were accommodated in four Refugee Centres, in hotels and in private houses. It was not considered safe for women and children to return to Shanghai until late in December.
14. The Typhoon.--On the 2nd of September the most disastrous typhoon in local history passed over the Colony. At the height of the storm the barometer fell to 28.298 inches and it is estimated that a wind velocity of 167 m.p.h. was reached. Vast damage was done to property in all parts of the Colony, but by far the greatest sufferers were the Chinese fishing com- munity. Information was received of 1,361 native boats being sunk and it can only be presumed that many thousands of seafaring people were drowned. No fewer than 27 steamers of various sizes were sunk or driven ashore.
15. Decorations.-Among the Honours conferred by His Majesty during the course of the year, were:—
K.C.M.G.-H.E. Sir Andrew Caldecott, Kt., C.M.G.,
C.B.E.
O.B.E.-Mr. T. M. Hazlerigg, M.C. (Civil Division).
The Coronation Decorations were awarded as follows:
C.M.G.-H.E. The Officer Administering the Govern-
ment, Mr. N. L. Smith.
Kt. Mr. V. M. Grayburn.
O.B.E. (Civil Division)-Mr. D. L. King.
M.B.E. (Military Division)-Capt. H. Westlake, D.C.M. M.B.E. (Civil Division)-Mrs. J. M. King.
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Chapter II.
GOVERNMENT.
The Government is administered under Letters Patent of 14th February, 1917, and Royal Instructions of the same and subsequent dates, by a Governor aided by an Executive Council, composed of six official and three unofficial members, and by a Legislative Council composed of nine official and eight unofficial members. Prior to 1928 the numbers of the Legislative Council members were seven and six respectively. The six official mem- bers of the Executive Council are the Senior Military Officer, the Colonial Secretary, the Attorney General, the Secretary for Chinese Affairs, the Financial Secretary, all of whom are members ex-officio, and the Director of Public Works, appointed by the Governor. The three unofficial members, one of whom is Chinese, are appointed by the Governor. The six official mem- bers of the Executive Council are also members of the Legislative Council; the other three official members of this Council, who are appointed by the Governor, are the Inspector General of Police, the Harbour Master and the Director of Medical Services. Of the unofficial members of the Legislative Council two are appointed by the Governor on the nomination respectively of the Justices of the Peace and of the Chamber of Commerce; the Governor also appoints the remaining members three of whom are Chinese. Appointment in the case of unofficial members is for five years for the Executive and four years for the Legis- lative Council.
2. The Urban Council composed of five official and eight unofficial members has power to make by-laws under the Public Health (Food) Ordinance, the Public Health (Sanitation) Ordin- ance, the Public Health (Animals and Birds) Ordinance, the Hawkers Ordinance and Factories and Workshops Ordinance in matters appertaining to public health, subject to an overriding power in the Legislative Council.
3. There are a number of advisory boards and committees such as the Board of Education, Harbour Advisory Committee, Labour Advisory Board, etc., composed of both official and unofficial members. They are frequently consulted and are of much assistance to the Government.
4. The English Common Law forms the basis of the legal system, modified by Hong Kong Ordinances of which an edition revised to 1923 has been published. A further revised edition was commenced during 1937. The law as to civil procedure was codified by Ordinance No. 3 of 1901. The Colonial Courts of Admiralty Act 1890 regulates the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in Admiralty cases.
5. The daily administration is carried out by the twenty- eight Government departments, all officers of which members of the Civil Service. The most important of the
are
...
purely administrative departments are the Secretariat, Treasury, Secretariat for Chinese Affairs, Post Office, Harbour, the Imports and Exports, Police and Prisons Departments. There are seven legal departments, including the Supreme Court and the Magistracies. Two departments, Medical and Sanitary, deal with public health, one, Education, with education; and one, the largest of all the Government departments, Public Works, is concerned with roads, buildings, waterworks, piers and analogous matters.
6. An important change in the system of Government during 1937, was the creation of the post of Financial Secretary in place of the former Colonial Treasurer, with а view to reorganizing the financial administration of the Colony generally.
Chapter III.
POPULATION AND BIRTHS AND DEATHS.
The estimated civilian population at mid-year 1937, based upon the arithmetical increase in population between the Census periods of 1921 and 1931, amounted to 1,006,982. Of this figure 984,400 or ninety-eight per centum were Chinese. Excluding Chinese, who do not register, 6,444 aliens were registered in the Colony at the end of the year and it is therefore estimated that there are approximately 16,138 Non-Chinese British subjects. Forty-eight per centum of the estimated Non- Chinese population resides in Kowloon and New Kowloon, the latter being primarily a residential area. In view of the Sino- Japanese conflict which has driven a large number of refugees to Hong Kong the estimate of 1,006,982 is considered to be within the region of thirty per centum below the actual popu- lation. The population distributed into the main districts of the Colony is shown in the following tabije:-
Island of Hong Kong.
Non-Chinese
Chinese
Kowloon Peninsula.
Non-Chinese
Chinese
New Territories.
Non-Chinese
Estimated at mid-year 1937.
9,847 437,982
10,887 339,366
476
Chinese
107,052
Maritime.
Non-Chinese
1,372
Chinese
100,000
Total Non-Chinese
22,582
Total Chinese
984,400
Totals
1,006,982
6
Registration of births and deaths is compulsory and is governed by the Births and Deaths Registration Ordinance, No. 21 of 1934.
Births. There was a large increase in the number of births registered in the year under review. Whereas in 1936 the figure was 27,383 (530 Non-Chinese), in 1937 the number of births registered was 32,303 (692 Non-Chinese) an increase of 4,920. This is attributed to the increase in the population due to large numbers of refugees seeking shelter in Hong Kong and to the desire of Chinese residents to register births with a view to claiming British nationality. The number of late registrations after twelve months totalled 744 in 1937 and 272 in 1936. The crude, uncorrected birth-rate for 1937 was 32.1 per thousand of the mid-year population.
The following table provides means for comparing with 1936 the number of males and females born:
Males
Females
Totals
1936.
1937.
15,064
17,559
12,319
14,744
27,383 32,303
Deaths. Once again the Sino-Japanese conflict caused some increase to registration figures, but in addition a severe typhoon which struck the Colony on the 2nd of September and a serious cholera epidemic earlier in the year resulted in known deaths of 490 and 1,082 persons respectively.
as
In 1937 the number of deaths amounted to 34,635 against 25,380 in 1936, to which must be added 11 and 17 respectively for deaths among the Forces of the Crown. The crude, uncorrected death-rate was estimated at 34.4 per thou- sand living, the corresponding figure for 1936 being 25.8.
Male deaths exceeded female as shown in the following table:
1936.
1937.
Males
14,681
20,233
Females
10,683
14,392
Unknown
16
10
Totals
25,380
34,635
7
Some 11,620 Chinese and 30 Non-Chinese deaths of infants under one year of age were registered in 1937. The infant mortality rates showed some improvement over the previous year as may be seen from the following table:-
Non-Chinese
Chinese
1936.
1937.
37
46
372
376
Still-births in 1937 numbered 913 and 976 in 1936.
;
Chapter IV.
PUBLIC HEALTH.
It would appear from first sight that public health in the Colony received a serious set-back in 1937 when the number of deaths registered exceeded the 1936 figure by 9,255. When, however, (a) the sudden increase in the population due to refugees leaving Shanghai and other parts of China, (b) the cholera epidemic, and (c) the typhoon are taken into considera- tion the reason for the set-back will be better appreciated.
Malaria.-During the year 696 civilians died from malaria, an increase of 193 over the year 1936. The ratio of deaths from malaria to deaths from all causes remained practically the same for both years.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES.
Plague. No case of plague has been reported during the last eight years. A proportion of the daily number of rats collected was sent to the Public Mortuary for examination. Deratisation of ships was carried out by the Port Health Branch. Ninety-one deratisation and eighty-eight exemption certificates were issued.
Cerebro-spinal fever.-Some 157 cases were notified in 1937 as compared with 123 cases in 1936. The number of deaths was eighty-eight and sixty-five respectively.
Cholera.-The Colony suffered a severe epidemic from this disease during the year. On the 22nd July, the first case was reported and by the 31st of December 1,082 persons had died of the disease. In all 1,690 cases were reported giving a mortality rate of sixty-four per centum.
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In view of the small amount of accommodation available at the Infectious Diseases Hospital, it was necessary to reopen part of the old Government Civil Hospital in order to cope with the 1,299 cases treated. Over a quarter of a million anti- cholera inoculations were administered free by hospitals, public dispensaries and the St. John Ambulance Association and Brigade.
Smallpox. Out of a total of 129 cases reported during the year, thirty-seven were notified in April. There were ninety- four deaths as compared with sixteen in 1936.
Preventive measures against smallpox included the vaccina- tion of some 443,021 persons with lymph prepared in the Gov- ernment Bacteriological Institute.
Some sixty cases were segregated in the Infectious Diseases Hospital at Kennedy Town.
Pulmonary tuberculosis.-Ranking high among the causes of death, 3,061 deaths from pulmonary tuberculosis were recorded during the year.
Schemes for improving the housing conditions of the poorer classes are under consideration and, should these materialize, it is anticipated that they may have a definite influence upon the incidence of this disease.
Dysentery.-On 5th February this disease was declared notifiable by Order of the Governor-in-Council. From that date 576 cases were notified of which 316 proved fatal.
Enteric fever.-Sporadic. cases of enteric fever were notified during the year. There was a total of 464 cases with 176 deaths, a slight increase over the previous year which was no doubt attributable in part to the influx of refugees.
Diphtheria. There was a noticeable reduction in the figures for the year as only 308 cases and 148 deaths were notified, whereas in 1936 the figures were 375 and 214 respec- tively.
Leprosy.-Cases of leprosy were cared for by Government at the Kennedy Town Tung Wah Leper Settlement and there were thirteen deaths recorded during the year.
Diseases of the Respiratory System. (Non-tuberculous).- These diseases accounted for 10,380 deaths and occupied the first place in the list of causes of deaths during 1937. The overcrowded housing conditions, associated with the exceedingly common and filthy habit of expectorating, provide sufficient explanation for the prevalence of this group of diseases.
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THE DUMPING OF THE DEAD:
To avoid paying burial fees, and, in the case of infectious diseases, to evade the cleansing of their houses by the Health Authorities, the poorer members of the Chinese community con- tinued to dump dead bodies in the streets. In 1937 the Police found 1353 of these bodies.
HOSPITALS.
The Queen Mary Hospital which was built to replace the old Government Civil Hospital was formally opened on the 13th April. This hospital has accommodation for 546 beds and cots, 138 of which have been allotted to the three clinical units of the Hong Kong University.
The total number of in-patients admitted was 5,566 which includes 191 maternity cases. The daily average of general in-patients was 289. 4,631 general in-patients were treated by Government officers, and 229, 275 and 240 by the Medical, Surgical and Gynaecological Units of the University Staff respectively. Sixty-three per centum of the in-patients admitted were of Chinese nationality. The Casualty Department treated 1,933 out-patients (new cases). Some 295 deaths took place amongst in-patients.
The Government Civil Hospital was closed on the 30th of June after all patients had been transferred to the Queen Mary Hospital. General in-patients numbered 2,693, whilst 469 maternity patients were also treated, giving a daily average of 197. Deaths in in-patients amounted to 172.
When this hospital was closed a portion of it, "C" Block, was renovated to accommodate the out-patients department. 21,246 new cases were treated in the Government Civil Hospital and in "C" Block during the year. The building at the Queen's Road entrance to the hospital functioned throughout the year and was used exclusively for special out-patient clinics as follows:-
"
New cases.
Medical University Unit
1,624
Surgical University Unit
4,459
Gynaecological University Unit
1,890
Eye Clinic (Government)
3,126
Venereal Diseases (Government)
1,811
Total
12,910
10-
The Kowloon Hospital is situated on the mainland and stands in a medical reserve of over thirty acres. There are ninety-seven beds in the general blocks and thirty-four in the maternity block. The out-patients department as in previous years increased its activities.
The following summary shows the work carried out during 1937 as compared with 1936.
In-patients.
1936
1937
General
Maternity
Daily average.
General
Maternity
Operations under general
anaesthesia
Out-patients
3,367
3,706
1,137
1,372
104
101
23
22
1,033
1,322
66,193 101,709
Some 334 deaths took place in in-patients.
The Victoria General and Maternity Hospital which pos- sessed forty-six general and twenty-six maternity beds in two separate blocks, was closed on the 7th of June.
During the period 1st January to 7th June the hospital accommodated 199 general, and 30 maternity cases. The daily average for the general block was twenty-four and for the maternity block three women and three children. There were no deaths. The number of out-patients treated was 542.
The Mental Hospital had a daily average of seventy patients although it was designed to accommodate only thirty-two patients. The hospital is used mainly as a temporary abode for mental cases, Chinese and Europeans being repatriated to their respective countries. 149 lunatics were transferred to Canton in 1937. Some fifty-one cases remained from 1936 and 359 were admitted in 1937. Seventy-one cases were discharged as cured, sixty-two as relieved and fifty-two as not improved. There were twenty deaths.
The Government Infectious Diseases Hospital is situated at Kennedy Town on the western outskirts of Victoria. It contains only twenty-six beds which have been proved to be inadequate to accommodate the more serious types of infectious diseases. 1,299 cases of cholera, sixty cases of smallpox and eight cases
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of chickenpox were treated during 1937 at the Infectious Diseases Hospital and at the old Government Civil Hospital taken back temporarily into use.
Tsan Yuk Hospital.-Formerly financed and managed by the Chinese Public Dispensaries Committee this hospital was presented to the Government on the 1st January, 1934.
There are sixty beds of which fourteen were reserved for gynaecological cases until the Queen Mary Hospital was opened. During the year 2,096 maternity patients were treated. There were 1,934 deliveries, six maternal deaths, thirty-three infant deaths and eighty-three still-births.
The gynaecological unit treated 140 cases and performed sixty-nine operations. Only one death was recorded during the year. Ante-natal, gynaecological and infant welfare clinics were held by the obstetrical and gynaecological unit of the Hong Kong University where some 952, 572 and 2,109 cases respectively were treated or advised. This included new and old cases.
Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital. As these premises had been condemned for the treatment of acute infectious diseases, they were used as a settlement for lepers, the patients. being treated by the Government Medical Officer in charge of the Infectious Diseases Hospital. The cost for maintaining the inmates, thirty cents per leper per day, is paid by the Govern- ment to the Tung Wah Committee. The number of lepers admitted during the year under review amounted to 167, having remained from 1936.
The record for 1937 was as follows:
Transferred to Sheklung Leper Settlement,
Kwangtung, China
Discharged
Discharged at own request
Absconded
Died
Remaining at end of year
49
6
14
35
11
62
ten
is
The Chinese Hospitals.-These hospitals, the Tung Wah and Tung Wah Eastern situated on the Island and the Kwong Wah in Kowloon, are managed by the Tung Wah Committee, a charitable organization which receives a subsidy from Government. A Chinese Medical Officer, at tached to the staff of the Medical Department, stationed in each hospital. Patients are given the choice of receiving herbalist treatment or treatment by Western medicine; but gradually, with the aid of energetic directors, the illiterate and poorer classes of the local Chinese public are becoming enlightened and the majority now prefer the Western treatment, 16,175 in-patients received treatment by Chinese herbalist medicine and 81,794 were treated by Western methods. Opera- tions performed during the year numbered 1,837.
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In the out-patients departments 462,864 and 116,468 cases were dealt with by Chinese treatment and Western methods respectively.
TREATMENT OF OPIUM ADDICTS.
Opium addicts, all Chinese, were treated as in previous years at the Government Civil Hospital until it was replaced by the Queen Mary Hospital, and at the Tung Wah Eastern Chinese Hospital. Treatment in the Government institutions was under the supervision of Professor W. I. Gerrard, O.B.E., of the University Medical Unit, and eighteen patients were cared for in 1937.
Chinese Western-trained graduates, under the general supervision of a Government Visiting Medical Officer, treated 430 cases in the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
Chapter V.
HOUSING.
In recent years some evidence has been shown amongst the artizan class of the Colony of a quickening social consciousness and the resultant desire to avail themselves of improved housing accommodation wherever such is made available. The unskilled labouring classes, however, are still found densely packed in tenement houses deficient in light and air. This class of labour has to find its habitat as close as possible to the scene of its labour, with the result that the western part of the City of Victoria, which houses the native business quarter and closely adjoins the portion of the harbour handling the traffic from the West River and Chinese Coast Ports, is seriously overcrowded.
2. These conditions which were being slowly mitigated by the rebuilding of properties which from time to time were con- demned for reasons of structural defects are now being more rapidly appeased by the operation of the Buildings Ordinance, 1935, which came into force on the 1st January, 1936. Over- crowding amongst the labouring class is still however prevalent.
3. The housing of the Colony is all privately owned, and control is maintained by the operation of the Buildings Ordin- ance, 1935, the provisions of which also mould the character of the housing. Generally the houses are built back to back in rows and are separated by a scavenging lane. These houses vary in height from two to four storeys according to the width of the street on to which they front, whilst the average height per storey is twelve feet, a minimum being controlled by the
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12
In the out-patients departments 462,864 and 116,468 cases were dealt with by Chinese treatment and Western methods respectively.
TREATMENT OF OPIUM ADDICTS.
Opium addicts, all Chinese, were treated as in previous years at the Government Civil Hospital until it was replaced by the Queen Mary Hospital, and at the Tung Wah Eastern Chinese Hospital. Treatment in the Government institutions was under the supervision of Professor W. I. Gerrard, O.B.E., of the University Medical Unit, and eighteen patients were cared for in 1937.
Chinese Western-trained graduates, under the general supervision of a Government Visiting Medical Officer, treated 430 cases in the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
Chapter V.
HOUSING.
In recent years some evidence has been shown amongst the artizan class of the Colony of a quickening social consciousness and the resultant desire to avail themselves of improved housing accommodation wherever such is made available. The unskilled labouring classes, however, are still found densely packed in tenement houses deficient in light and air. This class of labour has to find its habitat as close as possible to the scene of its labour, with the result that the western part of the City of Victoria, which houses the native business quarter and closely adjoins the portion of the harbour handling the traffic from the West River and Chinese Coast Ports, is seriously overcrowded.
2. These conditions which were being slowly mitigated by the rebuilding of properties which from time to time were con- demned for reasons of structural defects are now being more rapidly appeased by the operation of the Buildings Ordinance, 1935, which came into force on the 1st January, 1936. Over- crowding amongst the labouring class is still however prevalent.
3. The housing of the Colony is all privately owned, and control is maintained by the operation of the Buildings Ordin- ance, 1935, the provisions of which also mould the character of the housing. Generally the houses are built back to back in rows and are separated by a scavenging lane. These houses vary in height from two to four storeys according to the width of the street on to which they front, whilst the average height per storey is twelve feet, a minimum being controlled by the
}
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8. Some progress was made in the work of the Housing Commission and from the study of data collected a draft report was prepared for consideration by the Commission.
Chapter VI.
PRODUCTION.
Hong Kong is the port for South China, and the greater part of the large volume of goods that pass through it is in transit between South China and other parts of the world, including North and Middle China. The Colony itself produces comparatively little, though the shipbuilding, cement, rope, tin and sugar refining, rubber shoe and cotton knitting industries are not unimportant. Mining has been developed in recent years and agriculture is widely practised throughout the New Territories. Rice and vegetables are grown, and there is con- siderable poultry farming, but in insufficient quantities to supply the needs of the urban populations of Victoria and Kowloon. The cultivation is in the hands of the Chinese villagers. Sea fishing is an important industry, but here again local supplies have to be augmented by importation from outside.
2. Reports on the principal industries for the year 1937 are given below:-
Refined Sugar. World sugar prices continued to advance in the early part of 1937, and, after a period of uncertainty as to the outcome of the quota arrangements decided upon at the World Sugar Conference in London in April, 1937, quotations again advanced in company, at last, with general commodity prices. There was a very marked increase in quotations, and business generally, in the Far East early in June when the sugar selling organization in Java naised its limits as a result of its newly strengthened position.
A surplus of sugar available over and above the U.S.A. import quota resulted in an attempt to sell Philippine sugar in Hong Kong, but this danger to the market was ended, after only a few deliveries had been completed, by the threat of action under the terms of the International Sugar Agreement.
The Kwangtung sugar mills did not all go into active pro- duction in conditioning imported sugars as in the previous year but confined their activities to crushing local cane only. Their total output was thus considerably reduced during 1937.
چیز
The start of hostilities in North China in July and the subsequent spread of fighting to most important markets in China resulted in a breakdown in normal trading. Considerable quantities of distressed sugar were landed in Hong Kong and
15
the
this greatly depressed local prices until it had slowly gone into consumption. After the absorption of this cheap sugar, quota- tions late in the year rallied. A gain over the whole year of more than 30% in terms of raw sugar prices indicates success of world-wide attempts to establish more remunerative price levels. The volume of trade has been greatly curtailed as the effects of the Sino-Japanese conflict have been more keenly felt with the passage of time, but eastern markets have been spared the additional disruptive effects of wildly fluctuating exchange rates, such as were threatened by the devaluation of the guilder in 1936...
The outlook for 1938 is extremely uncertain, depending on the march of political events in the world as a whole and the Far East in particular.
Cement. Total imports of cement into the Colony during the year amounted to 1,201,440 piculs and exports to 1,615,806 piculs. As in previous years the bulk of the exports went to British Malaya. Large quantities were imported from Japan during the early part of 1937 but after the outbreak of Sino- Japanese hostilities supplies from this source ceased. As a result there was a very keen demand for the product of the local factory which has lately been operating at full capacity Cement from Indo-China was imported in large quantities and found a ready market at advanced prices.
:
.: Preserved Ginger.-Local prices fluctuated during the year from $15-$21 per picul for cargo ginger and from $22 - $26 for stem ginger. Exports were well maintained to all markets as will be noted from the following comparative figures of values of quantities exported:-
To United Kingdom
Australia
1936.
1937.
$1,064,099
$1,107,427
408,059
346,913
Holland
281,206
202,578
""
U.S.A.
236,030
142,717
Other Countries
364,575
301,331
"
$2,353,969
$2,100,966
Knitted, Woven & Made-Up Goods.-Local knitting and weaving factories and factories making up garments from imported cloth enjoyed fairly profitable trading conditions during 1937, exports to Empire markets showing notable in- creases as a result of Imperial Preference and (in the case of woven goods) quota regulations imposed by many Empire countries on cloth which is not "spun, woven and finished within the Empire". Local weaving factories, to obtain the
-
17
Burma, Siam and Ceylon, and considerably increased quantities were shipped to these countries in 1937. The total value of exports to all countries in 1937 amounted to $3,670,609.
Exports of batteries were also well maintained, the principal purchasing countries and values of quantities taken being as follows:-Netherlands East Indies ($415,695), Burma ($302,921), Malaya ($274,260), Ceylon ($231,491), Other Countries ($616,589), Total ($1,840,956).
Tin—Although slightly larger quantities of locally refined tin were shipped to Europe and the United States of America, the total volume of exports from Hong Kong during 1937 ($22,207,686) was about 15 per cent lower than in 1936 due to the decreased consumption in North China following the out- break of hostilities there. The price was subject to wide fluctuations. The highest level was H.K.$265 per picul in March and the lowest H.K.$155 per picul at the end of the year.
:
LardThe total value of lard exported during 1937 amounted to 94,290 piculs valued at $4,057,026, of which 83,507 piculs valued at $3,632,764 was taken by the United Kingdom. The year closed with unfavourable prospects for business in 1938 as the United Kingdom Government has ruled that, to qualify for Imperial Preference, lard must be produced from pigs bred within the Empire. Most of the lard manu- factured in Hong Kong is from the fat of pigs which are imported here from China.
Shipbuilding: During the year the Colony's shipyards had under construction seven passenger ships, one cargo vessel, one naval sloop, one tug, one waterboat, six lighters and five launches, a total of twenty-two vessels of 14,078 tons gross.
Chapter VII.
COMMERCE.
1 The combined values of imports and exports of mer chandise in 1937 increased by 35.0% as compared with 1936, and 70:5% as compared with 1935, in terms of local currency. In terms of sterling the total visible trade of the Colony increased by 32.2% in 1937 as compared with 1936 and by 9.0% as compared with 1935, (Details are given in Table 1).
2. Imports of merchandise totalled $61 (£38.1) millions in 1937 as compared with $452.4 (£28.5) millions in 1936, and $365.0 (£35.3) millions in 1935; whilst exports totalled $467:3 (£28.8) millions in 1937 as compared with $350.9 (£22.1) millions in 1936, and $271.0 (£26.1) millions in 1935.
18
3. In terms of local currency imports of merchandise in 1937 increased by 36.4% as compared with 1936, and 69.1% as com- pared with 1935; whilst exports increased by 33.2% in 1937 as compared with 1936, and 72.4% as compared with 1935.
4. In terms of sterling values imports of merchandise in- creased by 33.7% in 1937 as compared with 1936, and 7.9% as compared with 1935; whilst exports increased by 30.3% in 1937 as compared with 1936, and 10.3% as compared with 1935. (It should be noted that the average T.T. rate of exchange on London was 18. 2.d. in 1937; 18. 3.d. in 1936; and 1s. 11.d. in 1935).
5. It is estimated that the quantum of the import trade increased by 42.2% in 1937 as compared with 1936, and 53.3% as compared with 1935, but, of necessity, the volume of the import trade cannot be calculated accurately on account of the lack of a suitable unit of quantity and the fact that many commodities imported are declared by value only.
6. The following countries increased their shares of the import trade in 1937 as compared with 1936: China, United Kingdom, U.S.A., French Indo-China, Australia and Belgium; whilst increased shares of the export trade were credited to British Malaya, French Indo-China, U.S.A. and Netherlands East Indies. (Details are given in Table II).
7. It will be seen from Table III that there were increased imports in 1937 of the following groups of commodities as com- pared with 1936:-Live animals, building materials, chemicals. and drugs, Chinese medicines, dyeing and tanning materials, foodstuffs and provisions, fuels, hardware, liquors, manures, metals, minerals and ores, nuts and seeds, oils and fats, paints, paper and paperware, piece goods and textiles, railway mate- rials, tobacco, wearing apparel and sundries, the only groups showing a decrease being machinery and vehicles. There were increases in all groups of exports with the exception of live animals, machinery, railway materials and vehicles.
-
8. Total movements of Treasure amounted to $781.6 millions in 1937 as compared with $216.5 millions in 1936. Imports totalled $386.4 millions in 1937 as compared with $72.7 millions in 1936, and exports $395.2 millions as compared with $143.8 millions. (Details are given in Table IV).
9. Average T.T. opening rates of exchange during the year 1937 were:-London: 1/2. ; France: 765.7/8; U.S.A.: 30.1/2; Shanghai: 102.7/16; India: 81.11/16; Singapore: 52.9/6; Japan: 105.13/16; Java: 55.3/16.
10. Wholesale prices in the Colony showed an increase of 27.2% in 1937 as compared with 1936 and an increase of 68.3% as compared with 1935. Increases were recorded in each of the four groups of commodities, viz., Foodstuffs, Textiles, Metals and Minerals, and Miscellaneous Articles.
page is a
་
19
Table I.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS 1931-1937.
(in £'s & $'s millions).
IMPORTS.
1931.
1st Quarter ...£ 9.0
1932. 1933. 1934. 1935.
11.9 8.5 7.1
$186.9 170.7 132.8 95.8 2nd Quarter ...£ 8.7 10.2.
1936. 1937.
9.0
6.3 8.1
97.3
98.2 131.7
8:5
7.1
10.7 7.4 9.5
$180.1
164.7
126.1
99.7
94.0
114.1 154.8
3rd Quarter...£ 9.0
9.3
8.5
8.1
8.1
6.6 10.5
$182.3
142.4
122.1
106.6
79.5
106.7 169.8
4th Quarter ...£ 11.8
9.6. 8.4
9.4
7.5 8.2 10.0
$188.4
146.2
119.9 113.8
94.2 133.4 160.8
Total ......£ 38.5
$737.7
41.0 33.9 31.7 35.3 28.5 38.1
624.0 500.9 415.9
365.0 452.4 617.1
EXPORTS.
1931.
1932. 1933. 1934.
1935.
1936. 1937.
1st Quarter ...£ 6.8
8.8 6.8
5.8
6.9.
4.9 6.5
$140.1
127.0
105.3
77.5
74.8 76.0 105.7
2nd Quarter...£ 6.4
7.1
7.2
5.7
7.7
5.6
7.0
$132.5
115.3
106.2
79.6
67.9
87.5
113.2
3rd Quarter ... 6.5
7.2
6.6
6.1
5.8
5.1
7.0
$130.6
110.0
95.5
80.5
56.6
81.5 113.8
4th Quarter ...£ 9.2
7.9
6.8
7.2
5.7
6.5 8.3
$138.7
119.6
96.1
87.5 71.7 105.9
134.6
Total ......£ 28.9
31.0
27.4 24.8 26.1 22.1 28.8
$541.9 471.9 403.1 325.1 271.0 350.9 467.3
NOTE:Average rate of exchange 1931-1s. Oåd.
1932-1s. 3 d.
1933-1s. 41d.
1934-1s. 6d.
1935-1s. 11d.
1936-1s. 3d.
1937=1s. 21d.
20
Table II.
DISTRIBUTION OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF MERCHANDISE
BY COUNTRIES ($'000's omitted).
A.-IMPORTS.
1936.
1937.
%
$
%
China
152,041
33.6 211,321
34.2
Japan
58,039 12.8
58,044
9.4
N. E. Indies
38,334
8.5 46,915
7.6
United Kingdorn
29,008
6.4
46,732
7.6
U. S. A.
32,181
7.1
51,776
8.4
French Indo-China
25,760
5.7
40,779
6.6
Siam
29,780
6.6
22,652
3.7
Germany
23,618
5.2
30,898
5.0
British Malaya
7,352
1.6
9,125
1.5
India
5,755
1.3
6,424
1.0
Australia
9,114
2.0
13,351
2.2
Belgium
6,599
1.5
9,991
1.6
All Other Countries
34,769 7.7
69,056
11.2
Summary.
United Kingdom
29,008 6.4
46,732
7.6
British Dominions and
Possessions
29,911
6.6
China
All Other Countries
152,041
241,390
52,916 8.6
33.6 211,321 34.2
53.4
306,095 49.6
Total British Empire
58,919 13.0
99,648 16.2
Total Foreign
393,431 87.0 517,416
83.8
Grand Total
452,350 100.0 617,064 100.0
•
2
21
Table II,-Continued.
B.-EXPORTS.
1936.
1937.
%
$
%
China
149,739
42.7
190,401
40.7
British Malaya
25,767
7.3
39,800
8.5
French Indo-China
17,370
5.0
24,004
5.1
Japan
17,955
5.1
19,780
4.2
Macao
13,001
3.7
17,096
3.7
Siam
14,506
4.1
14,173
3.0
U. S. A.
28,436
8.1
41,129
8.8
Kwong Chow Wan
10,586
3.0
9,735
2.1
N. E. Indies
9,722
2.8
15,559
3.3
Philippines
11,500
3.3
13,208
2.8
India
4,819
1.4
5,360
1.1
All Other Countries
47,464 13.5
77,078
16.7
Summary.
United Kingdom
13,282
3.8
20,874
4.5
British Dominions and
Possessions
48,295 13.7
71,067 15.2
China
149,739
42.7
190,401 40.7
All Other Countries
139,549
39.8
184,981 39.6
Total British Empire
61,577
17.5
91,941 19.7
Total Foreign
289,288 82.5 375,382 80.3
Grand Total
350,865 100.0
467,323 100.0
22
Table III.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS BY MAIN GROUPS OF COMMODITIES
($'000's omitted).
Imports.
Exports.
1936.
1937.
1936.
1937.
Animals, Live
8,042
8,821
134
88
Building Materials
6,635
8,027
3,513
4,677
Chemicals & Drugs
5,408
9,973
3,441
6,536
Chinese Medicines
20,265
22,118
13,761
17,045
Dyeing Materials.
4,736
8,170
3,636
5,310
Foodstuffs
་་་..
123,411 155,343 91,912
118,637
Fuels
11,033
16,012
396
540
Hardware
3,937 6,915
3,072
5,217
Liquors
3,379
4,061
894
1,399
Machinery
9,060
8,866
9,947
4,861
Manures
8,886
13,348
10,221 11,807
Metals
41,032
67,391
36,973
44,570
Minerals & Ores
2,812
12,775
8,485
17,503
Nuts and Seeds
6,566
9,360
4,047
5,793
Oils and Fats
39,994
72,985
33,090
60,992
Paints
1,750
2,297
1,430 1,769
Paper and Paperware
13,417
16,089
7,894
10,443
Piece Goods
67,675
76,842
40,069
46,519
Railway Materials
84
1,068
1,155
873
Tobacco
5,891
8,150
4,321
7,415
Treasure
72,728 386,449 143,815
395,227
Vehicles
6,584 6,224 7,970
5,932
Wearing Apparel
Sundries
4,123 4,448 12,591 19,684
57,631 77,781 51,913 69,712
Total
.... 525,079 1,003,513 494,680 862,549
Table IV.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF TREASURE.
Imports.
Exports.
1936.
1937.
1936.
1937.
$
$
Bank Notes
22,545,864
80,111,618 24,756,807
18,178,291
Copper Cents
193,279
421,037
234 1,294,773
Gold Bars
Gold Coins
3,656,465 11,112,926 33,217,868
10,979,127
331,109
760,049 2,567,141
Gold Leaf
5,849
45,288
277,420
22,446
Silver Bars
H.K. Silver Dollars
Chinese Silver Dollars
Other Silver Dollars
Silver Sub. Coin
740,496 135,339,484 17,201,873 87,519,955
7,586
6,448,118
356,132
551,304
25,876
5,985,968
176
49,176,000
403,000
45,241,301 152,676,901
2,975,093 262,617,500
15,345,501 5,129,465
Total
72,728,408 386,448,955 143,815,433 395,226,524
Table V.
WHOLESALE PRICE CHANGES.
<
(1922=100) ·
Groups.
1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936. 1937.
Foodstuffs
Textiles
126.5 113.4
94.3
85.4
113.3
136.2
125.2
97.0
85.9
74.2
99.4 117.7
Metals
128.1 107.8
97.4
79.8
107.2
146.1
Miscellaneous
109,7
95.7
88.5
72.3
92.5
124.4
Average
122.4
103.5
91.5
77.9
103.1
131.1
:
24
Chapter VIII.
WAGES AND COST OF LIVING.
The favourable rate of the local dollar which remained steady throughout the year undoubtedly helped the local indus- tries.
Factories which produced goods for the Empire markets i.e. hand electric torches, rubber shoes, dry battery cells, cork and felt hats and artificial silk goods had a very good year. Taking all the local industries together a great improvement was made.
Piece work
The system of payment remained the same. was the general rule in the lower grades of work of the light industries and in all mass production work. This system seemed to be the most satisfactory to the employers and the employed. Daily pay remained the rule for skilled male labour.
New industries sprang up, such as the manufacture of tooth brushes, gas masks and their component parts, and fertilizer from street refuse. Weaving and knitting factories, and also torch and battery factories, showed а marked increase in numbers.
There was a considerable improvement in employment. The heavy industries did a great deal towards this. Female labour, too, had a good year. In cigarette, torch, weaving and knitting factories, in all of which female labour predominates, the available space for workers was fully occupied.
Most of the factories worked full time. In a number of cases larger and better premises were taken over and much modern machinery installed.
or dis-
No trouble was experienced in respect of wages or missals.
The The number of factories increased by more than one third, from 541 to 731. 241 new factories opened, whilst only 51 closed down.
was
After allowing for seasonal fluctuations, there was a slight average rise in the prices of the commodities included in the cost of living index up to July, the last normal month before the outbreak of Sino-Japanese hostilities. But this rise very uneven. While meat, vegetables, clothes and shoes prices rose, firewood and oil prices fell substantially. After July prices climbed rapidly to a peak (average) in late September, at levels between 20% and 70% above the corresponding figures for 1936, with the exception of tea and oil prices which rose about 10%. After September prices fell off about 15% in relation to the corresponding figures for 1936.
7
25
The price of rice varied between 20% and 33% above the corresponding figures for 1936, but in 1937 the peak price for the year was reached in August as opposed to December in 1936. The sharp rise in price which occurred in the latter half of 1936 proved largely permanent. The absolute variation during the year (25%) was about the same as in 1936 (23%) but, as in 1937 the interval between the two was two months as compared with eleven months in 1936 (the minimum being prior in both cases), the change was more keenly felt. Figures
are:
Per 100 catties. (average of 4 grades).
1937
June
August
Variation.
$ 7.31
$ 9.16
25%
1936
February
December
$ 5.90
$ 7.27
23%
AVERAGE RATES OF WAGES FOR LABOUR.
Building Trade:-
Locomotive Drivers
$1.30 to $1.80 per day.
Carpenters
0.80
1.30
""
ii
21
Bricklayers
0.80
1.30
Painters
0.80
1.30
"}
3"
Plasterers (including Shanghai
Plasterers)
1.00
1.50
"}
27
Scaffolders
1.00
1.50
Labourers (male)
0.60,, 0.80
"
(female)
0.40
0.50 ""
Working hours 9 per day. Time and a half paid for over- time. Free temporary sleeping quarters provided on the build- ing site and communal messing at cheap rates.
:
27
Female Workers in Factories:·
Cigarette making
$0.20 to $0.70 per day.
Knitting factories
0.20
0.45
Perfumery
0.20
0.40
2.2
Confectionery
0.20
0.40 22
Electric hand torch factories
0.20
0.30 "J
22
Electric hand torch battery
factories
Working hours from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m.
One hour off at mid-
day. Overtime from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m. at day rates.
Domestic Servants:-
0.15
0.35
""
:
Employed by Chinese
$ 7.00 to $20.00 per month.
Employed by Europeans...... 15.00,
Gardeners
40.00
15.00
30.00
""
>>
With free lodging, and, with Chinese employers, generally free board.
NOTE:
-The rates of pay of Government employees are much the same as those of a similar category in private employ.
Transport coolies
$0.60 to $0.70 per day.
Coal coolies
0.55
27
Ricksha coolies
0.60
0.70
37
72
17
Chapter IX.
EDUCATION AND WELFARE INSTITUTIONS.
GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.
These are either schools where the medium of instruction is English or mostly English or schools where the medium of instruction is Chinese. The former, seventeen in number, are known as "English" schools, the latter, of which there are four, as "vernacular" schools.
28
2. Of the four English schools, classed as "secondary" schools in the Table below, two are Anglo-Chinese schools for boys and one for girls. These three schools have primary departments. The fourth school, the Central British School which is a mixed school, has no primary department. Of the ten English schools, classed as "primary"
"primary" schools in the Table, three are mixed schools preparing for the Central British School. In this group are also four "District" schools, includ- ing one for Indian boys and three "Lower Grade" schools, two of which are in rural districts. In those English schools which are attended by Chinese the study of English and of Chinese is carried on side by side, the pari passu system requiring that promotion shall depend on proficiency in both languages.
3. Of the three Government Schools classed as "vocational” one is the Junior Technical School which was opened in February, 1933, the other is the Evening Institute which is attended by persons desirous of receiving instruction for the most part germane to their day time occupations. The Trade School was opened in February 1937.
4. Of the four Government vernacular schools one has a seven years' course and includes a Normal department. There is also a normal school for women teachers and a normal school on the mainland which aims at providing vernacular teachers for rural schools. As explained in the Report for the year 1936, the alteration in the status of Un Long School has proceeded according to plan and this school is now classified as "Verna- cular".
GRANT-IN-AID AND SUBSIDIZED SCHOOLS.
5. There are fifteen Grant-in-Aid English Schools, and three Grant-in-Aid Vernacular Schools. Of the former, seven are schools for boys and eight are for girls.
6. One English school for girls has a primary department only, and one an infant department only. The remaining schools classed in the table below as "secondary" schools have primary departments as well as the upper classes.
7. Munsang College, Kowloon City, received a grant of $6,000.
8. The vernacular Grant-in-Aid Schools are schools for girls and classed in the Table as "secondary" schools.
9. The 283 subsidized schools are all vernacular schools.
=29
UNAIDED, SCHOOLS.
UNAIDED
10. In 1937 there were 724 unaided vernacular schools with 46,139 children and 129 unaided English schools with 6,325 children.
1937.
Table showing number of schools and scholars for the year
GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.
CLASS OF INSTITUTIONS.
GRANT-IN-AID AND SUBSIDIZED
SCHOOLS.
UNAIDED
SCHOOLS.
No. of Institu- tions.
No. of
No. of
On
On
Institu-
Roll.
Roll.
Institu-
On Roll.
tions.
tions.
ENGLISH-
Secondary,
4 2,272
14 7,341
5
877
Primary,
10 1,751
2
255
117
4,983
Vocational,
3
1,061
7
465
Total,
17
5,084
16
7,596
129 6,325
VERNACULAR :--
Secondary,
1
240
3❘ 1,080
Primary,
1
100
283 19,738
723 45,837
Vocational,
2
219
1 472
1
302
Total,
4
559
287 21,290
724 46,139
Total No. of Institutions
Total on Roll
1,177
86,993
N.B.-Kindergarten boys attending Grant-in-Aid Schools for girls are
not shown separately.
/
30
THE UNIVERSITY.
11. The University of Hong Kong was incorporated under a local University Ordinance, 1911, and opened in 1912. It is a residential University and open to students of both sexes.
12. The University hostels are three in number-Lugard Hall, Eliot Hall and May Hall. There are also three recognized hostels for men, St. John's Hall, Morrison Hall and Ricci Hall, and one-St. Stephen's Hall for women. No university hostel at present exists for women students.
13. The late Sir Hormusjee Mody bore the entire expense of the erection of the main building. Additions have been made through the liberality of benefactors of varied nationality and domicile. The latest additions to the buildings are a School of Chinese Studies, the cost of which was borne by Mr. Tang Chi Ngong a local Chinese merchant and banker, and a Chinese Library named after the late Mr. Fung Ping Shan who provided a sum of $100,000 for the building and $50,000 as an endow- ment fund for its maintenance; also a School of Surgery and a new Engineering Laboratory named after a former Governor, Sir William Peel. In 1936 a first class gymnasium was added to the University buildings. The entire cost of this building and its equipment was the generous gift of Mr. Eu Tong Sen, one of the leading Chinese in the Colony.
14. The income of the University for 1937 amounted to $1,018,116 of which $404,902 was derived from endowments and $350,000 from Government. Messrs. John Swire & Sons, Ltd., gave £40,000 to the original endowment fund and subsequently $100,000 for engineering equipment. The Rockefeller Institute has endowed the University with three chairs in surgery, medicine and obstetrics, the endowment being in each case $250,000. The annual expenditure in 1937 amounted to about $1,021,278.
15. The University includes the three faculties of Medicine, Engineering and Arts. Admission to all faculties is conditional upon passing the matriculation examination of the University or some examination recognized as equivalent thereto.
16. The Faculty of Medicine provides a six year course of study in the usual pre-medical and medical sciences, leading to the degree of M.B. and B.S. The degrees of M.D. and M.S. are awarded on examinations but are subject to the proviso that every candidate for the degrees shall produce evidence of special post-graduate experience in the subject which he presents. The degrees above mentioned are recognized by the General Medical Council for registration in Great Britain.
31
-----
. 17. The Faculty of Engineering provides a four years' course in practical and theoretical engineering, leading to the degree of B.Sc., (Eng.). Fourth year students specialize in civil, mechanical or electrical engineering. The degree for post- graduate work is that of M.Sc., (Eng.).
18. The Faculty of Arts includes departments of pure arts and science, social science, commerce, a department of Chinese studies and a department for training teachers. The course is in all cases one of four years and leads to the degree of B.A. The degree for post-graduate work is that of M.A.
19. With a view to securing the maintenance of the desired standard which is in all three faculties that of a British University degree-external examiners are, in all faculties associated with the internal examiners in all annual final examinations. In the Faculty of Engineering, but not in other faculties, degrees with honours are granted, the standard being assessed by special examiners chosen from amongst the external examiners in the University of London.
20. The degree of LL.D. is granted honoris causa.
CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS.
21. The following are the best known Charitable Institutions.
French Convent Orphanage. Italian Convent Orphanage. Maryknoll Convent, Kowloon.
St. Louis Industrial School.
Po Leung Kuk-Chinese.
Taipo Rural Orphanage School.
Society of Precious Blood Hospital.
Industrial Home for the Blind, Pokfulam.
Home for Aged Poor, Kowloon.
La Calvaire Home for Aged Poor, Happy Valley.
Eyre Refuge.
Salvation Army Home.
Industrial School, Aberdeen.
RECREATION AND ART.
22. Most of the schools contrive to hold annual sports either on their own grounds or on grounds. generously lent by local cricket and football clubs. Lawn tennis, football, swim- ming, volley ball and basket ball continue to increase in popularity. Cricket is played at a few schools. Physical train- ing is given by qualified instructors. Art is taught in the Government British schools by trained art mistresses.
shipping
32
Chapter X.
COMMUNICATION AND TRANSPORT.
The external communications of Hong Kong are excellent both by sea and by telegraph, cable and radio. As regards the former, the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Co., the Nippon Yusen Kaisha, the Blue Funnel Line, the Messageries Maritimes, and several other British and foreign companies maintain regular passenger and freight services between Hong Kong and Europe. The trans-Pacific communications are well served by the Canadian Pacific Steamships Ltd., the Dollar Line, the Nippon Yusen Kaisha, and other steamship lines. To Australia three steamship companies, the Eastern and Aus- tralian, Nippon Yusen Kaisha, and Australian and Oriental maintain regular passenger and freight services. In addition there are direct sailings to Africa, South America, and to New York. There is frequent and regular communication between Hong Kong and other Far Eastern ports in India, Java, Straits Settlements, Formosa, Indo-China, Japan and the China coast. Local steamship communication is by river steamer from Hong Kong to Canton and the West River ports with several sailings daily. In addition there is a vast traffic between Hong Kong and the adjacent provinces of China by junk and sampan.
2. The total shipping entering and clearing Ports in the Colony during the year 1937 amounted to 73.257 vessels of 37,830,760 tons which compared with the figures for 1936 showed a decrease of 10,314 vessels and 3,900,256 tons. Of the above, 33,782 vessels of 36,191,724 tons were engaged in foreign trade as compared with 40,626 vessels of 40,063,663 tons in 1936. There was a decrease in British ocean-going shipping of 294 vessels and 234,162 tons. Foreign ocean-going vessels showed a decrease of 1,162 vessels and 2,105,107 tons. British river steamers showed a decrease of 487 vessels and 622,960 tons. Foreign river steamers showed a decrease of 781 vessels and 315,086 tons. In steamships not exceeding 60 tons em- ployed in foreign trade, there was a decrease of 1,405 vessels. with a decrease in tonnage of 35,962 tons. Junks in foreign trade showed a decrease of 2,715 vessels with a decrease in tonnage of 558,662 tons. In local trade (i.e., between places within the waters of the Colony), there was a decrease in steam launches of 363 vessels with a decrease in tonnage of 12,406 tons. Junks in local trade showed a decrease of 3,107 vessels with a decrease in tonnage of 15,911 tons.
3. The Eastern Extension Australasia and China Telegraph Company (British) by means of three cables to Singapore, one direct and one each via Labuan and Cape St. James respectively,
33
provides good connections with Europe via India, with Austra- lasia, and with the other British Colonies and Possessions.
By their cable to Manila connection is made with the direct Ameri- can cable, thence to San Francisco. Two cables to Shanghai, belonging respectively to the Eastern Extension and to the Great Northern (Danish) Companies, via Foochow and Aanoy respec- tively, give a good connection with Shanghai, North China, Japan and Russia; the system of the Great Northern Telegraph Company gives a good service to Europe via Asiatic Russia.
4. The Government operates commercial radio services with direct communication to the Chinese stations in Shanghai, Foochow, Amoy, Swatow, Canton, Yunnanfu, Hankow and via Hankow to inland places in China, to Macao, Formosa, French Indo-China, Siam, Philippines, Dutch East Indies, British North Borneo, via Manila to Europe, America, etc. and via Malabar to Australasia, Europe, etc.
5. The revenue collected by the Radio Office during the year from radio telegrams amounted to $975,459, an increase of $298,913 on the amount collected in 1936. Advices of vessels signalled at the Lighthouses yielded $1,464. The total Revenue from the telegraph service amounted to $976,923. Ship Station Licences yielded $1,600, Amateur Transmission Station Licences $300, Broadcast Receiving Licences $102,232, Dealers' Licences. $2,800, Examination Fee for Operators' Certificates of Pro- fiçiency $270 and Limited Licences $2,550.
6. The number of paid radio-telegrams forwarded during the year was 236,401 consisting of 2,923,162 words against 167,883 consisting of 1,630,029 words in 1936 and 234,477 were received, consisting of 2,999,469 words against 194,973 consisting of 2,112,835 words.
7. In addition to the paid traffic figures given above the wireless Service is responsible for the reception of time signals daily from Bordeaux, Rugby, Malabar and Nauen, for the transmission of time signals to ships in the China Sea, the reception of press messages amounting to 516 messages or 360,609 words from Rugby, the collection and distribution of meteorological traffic, 13,844 messages (754,500 words) having been forwarded, and 24,238 messages (1,304,558 words) having been received, the reception and dissemination of distress, piracy and navigation messages, the transmission and reception of Government messages, etc.
8. A telephone service between Hong Kong and Canton, a distance of 110 miles, is in operation. During 1937 a telephone service between the Colony and Hankow was inaugurated.\
9. Mails. The number of mail receptacles of Hong Kong origin despatched during the year was 44,416 as compared with 41,681 in 1936-an increase of 2,735, the number received was, 53,153 as compared with 48,672-an increase of 4,481.
tile
34
10. Receptacles in transit, including those to and from British and Foreign Men-of-War, numbered 163,888 as against 146,126 in 1936 an increase of 17,762.
11. Registered Articles and Parcels.-The number of regis- tered articles handled amounted to 886,262 as compared with 660,866 in 1936-an increase of 225,396.
12. The figures for insured letters were 12,268 and 12,540 respectively a decrease of 272.
13. Parcels, ordinary and insured, which were dealt with reached a total of 188,626 as against 164,482 in 1936-an increase of 24,144.
14. The Railway may be said to have experienced the most eventful year in its history. Abnormal occurrences,
in chronological order, were a disastrous fire on the up through fast train in January resulting in the death of 84 persons; a major derailment of the same train twelve days later; record passenger traffic during the Ching Ming festival in April and the Coronation celebrations in May; linking-up of the Canton- Hankow and the Canton-Kowloon Railways in August; the sub- sequent introduction of a working agreement for through goods traffic between Kowloon and Hankow; use of all available space on the Railway Reclamation at Kowloon for storing cargo originally destined for Shanghai but diverted to Hong Kong owing to Sino-Japanese hostilities; intensive damage to track and the total suspension of traffic for 10 days caused by a record typhoon in September; and lastly, the intensive bombing of the Chinese Section of the line from October to December which caused dislocation of traffic, damage to rolling stock and the ultimate cancellation of the through morning and mid-day passenger trains.
15. Receipts and net operating revenue were $1,331,468.73 and $436,935.30 respectively, as against $1,245,469.16 and $454,733.00 the previous year. Since revenue was reduced by $193,000 due to the loss of both Shum Chun Casino traffic and foreign express train haulage, and expenditure was increased by more than $113,000 through the two causes mentioned in the following paragraph, the results can be considered as being very satisfactory.
16. Operating expenditure was $894,533.43 compared with $790,736.16 in 1936. The increase is due to heavy repair work necessitated by the disastrous typhoon, which cost the Railway $80,883.12, and also to the higher price of coal. The operating ratio declined from 65.49% to 67.18% due to these causes.
17. The track on both sections was well maintained, al- though continued bombing caused serious delays to traffic for the last 24 months of the year.
36
24. Communication between the island and the mainland is maintained by a number of ferry services; the most important of which are the Star Ferry between Kowloon Point and pier near the General Post Office, and the combined vehicular and passenger service of the Hong Kong and Yaumati Ferry Com- pany between Jordan Road, Kowloon, and Jubilee Street,
Victoria.
Chapter XI.
BANKING, CURRENCY, WEIGHTS & MEASURES.
The Colony is well served by banking institutions, including branches of English, American, French, Netherlands, Japanese and Chinese banks. Besides the fourteen banks which are members of the Clearing House, there are several Chinese Banks and many native Hongs do some banking business. There are no banks which devote themselves specially to agricultural and co-operative banking. The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation also conducts the business of the Hong Kong Savings Bank on usual savings bank principles. The credit and repute of the Colony's financial institutions are high and it is satisfactory to know that ample encouragement and support are available to finance any possible demand.
2. The Currency of the Colony which was formerly based on silver underwent very important changes at the end of 1935. The unit of currency is the Hong Kong dollar, divided into 100 cents. Under the former regime its exchange value fluctuated with the price of silver; but since the passing of the Currency Ordinance 1935, on the 5th December, 1935, the value of the dollar is controlled by an Exchange Fund, which has power to buy and sell foreign exchange, and has taken over the silver formerly held against their issues by the note-issuing banks, in return for certificates of indebtedness against which the Fund may hold bullion, foreign exchange or approved securities. At the 30th June, 1937 (the latest date for which figures have been made public) the Fund had issued Certificates of Indebtedness to the value of $152,652,579 equivalent to £9,342,020 at the middle market rate on that day, 1/2; and the total assets of the Fund amounted to £10,316,240.
The legal tender currency of the Colony is now as follows:-
(a) Bank notes, the excess of which over the fiduciary issue of each bank is now backed by certificates, not by silver as formerly:-
At 31.12.37.
(i) Chartered Bank of India, Australia & China ...$ 25,172,604
37
(ii) Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corporation...$199,689,793 (iii) Mercantile Bank of India
$ 5,175,570
(b) Government $1 notes, of which $3,900,000 have been issued.
(c) 10 cent and 5 cent cupro-nickel coins.
(d) 1 cent copper coins.
(e) The silver dollars and .800 fine silver sub-coin (10 cent and 5 cent pieces, and a few 50 and 20 cent pieces) which have either remained in circulation in the Colony or filter back into it from the mainland of China, are still legal tender in the Colony (sub-coin only up to an amount of $2.00).
During 1937, which may be regarded as the first year of normal operation of the Exchange Fund, the exchange value of the Hong Kong dollar was maintained with great steadiness at about the level established in the latter part of 1936. The official rate quoted by the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation for the sale of sterling varied between a maximum of 1/239 in January and February and a minimum of 1/212 in July; and for the last four months remained unchanged at 1/21. Market rates were usually a fraction higher.
3. The weights and measures in use in the Colony are defined in the Schedule to Ordinance No. 2 of 1885. They consist of the standards in use in the United Kingdom and of the following Chinese Weights and Measures:-
and
1 fan (candareen)=0.0133 ounces avoirdupois.
1 tsin (mace)=.133 ounces avoirdupois.
1 leung (tael)=1.33 ounces avoirdupois.
1 kan (catty)=1.33 pounds avoirdupois.
1 tam (picul)=133.33 pounds avoirdupois.
1 chek (foot)=143 English inches divided into 10 tsün
(inches) and each tsun into ten fan or tenths.
Chapter XII.
PUBLIC WORKS.
During the year under review the operations of the Public Works Department were carried out, under a Head Office Staff, by eleven sub-departments, namely the Accounts and Stores,
88
Architectural, Buildings Ordinance, Crown Lands and Surveys, Drainage, Electrical, Port Development, Roads and Transport, Valuations and Resumptions, Waterworks Construction and Waterworks Maintenance offices.
2. The European staff comprised 149 officers and the non- European approximately 638.
3. The following is a summary of works carried out during the year:
BUILDINGS.
4. Works completed were:-Queen Mary Hospital with Staff Quarters; Wanchai Market; Wholesale Market at Kennedy Town; Stanley Market; Postal Kiosk at Stanley; Wireless Telegraph Station at Hung Hom; Sports Pavilion at Central British School; Kam Wah Street Latrine; Shelter and Car Park at Garden Road; Car Shelters at Stanley Prison; Ta Ku Ling Police Station; Latrine at Tsun Wan Market; Barricades to Police Stations in the New Territories and the demolition of the old Central Market, old Wanchai Market and Queen's Gardens.
5. Works under construction were:-Government Stores and Workshops; additional block of flats at Stanley Prison and the new Central Market.
6. In addition to general maintenance numerous minor alterations, improvements and additions were executed to Government Buildings during the year and repairs of varying magnitude were carried out to practically all Government Build- ings damaged by a severe typhoon on the 2nd of September.
COMMUNICATIONS.
7. Works completed were:-Cutting and filling of the section of road adjoining Inland Lots Nos. 3685 & 3686, Blue Pool Road; widening of that portion of Garden Road between the Lower Peak Tram Station and the Helena May Institute; raising the first section of Electric Road to new Town Planning levels; Magazine Gap Road was widened and a Car Park constructed at the junction of this road with Bowen Road; surfacing of Sai Kung Road from Sam Tack Road to Field Cottage site; improvements to Sha Tin Pass Road; road to Smuggler's Pass and road from Au Tau to Shek Kong.
8. Works under construction were:-Widening and sur- facing of Customs Pass Road; surfacing of Sai Kung Road from Field Cottage site to Customs Pass Road; strengthening of bridges at Tsun Wan, Tsing Lung Tau, Tai Lam Chung (small bridge); rebuilding of a large bridge at Tai Lam Chung; surfacing of road to Smuggler's Pass and approach road to Tsun Wan Cemetery.
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DRAINAGE.
9. In Hong Kong, new main sewers and storm water drains to a length of 5,361 feet and new open channels of varying sections to a length of 717 feet were laid. In addition, 188 feet of existing nullah was decked over and 142 feet of main storm water drain previously inverted was completed. In Kowloon, New Kowloon and New Territories, new main sewers and storm water drains to a length of 6,414 feet, and new open channels of varying sections to a length of 528 feet were laid. Nullah walling was constructed to proper height and parapet walling built for a length of 500 feet.
was
10. Anti-Malarial work was continued in Hong Kong by the letting of two new contracts, one for an area between the two reservoirs at Aberdeen, the other in the vicinity of Pokfulam between the Queen Mary Hospital and Sandy Bay. Although these contracts were not let until late in the year good progress was made on preliminary work and excavation, and at Aberdeen area 300 feet of main channel was constructed. A 3,000 gallon reservoir with a "De Villiers" automatic syphon sluice erected near Mount Cameron Road, and minor channelling was laid near Inland Lot No. 2441, Victoria Road. In Kowloon, several short lengths of channelling were laid as requested by the Government Malariologist. In New Kowloon, working on training the stream-course west of New Kowloon Inland Lot No. 1969 at Ngau Shi Wan was commenced in November. length of 150 feet of 36" diameter channel was completed. Filling to the amount of 1,200 cubic yards was also completed and an area of 300 super yards was turfed.
WATER WORKS.
A
11. On the maintenance side the following works were carried out:-
12. In Hong Kong the following lengths of new mains were laid to improve distributions:-120 feet of 15′′, 287 feet of 10′′, 1,105 feet of 6", 144 feet of 5′′, 2,271 feet of 4′′, 2,211 feet of 3′′, 904 feet of 2". 3,624 feet of subsidiary mains were laid in back lanes. The Stanley Water Supply Scheme was com- pleted. Construction of a 50,000 gallon covered service reser- voir for Repulse Bay commenced.
13. In Kowloon and New Kowloon the following lengths of mains were laid:-1,367 feet of 12", 1,724 feet of 6′′ and 3,607 feet of subsidiary mains in back lanes.
14. In the New Territories mains were laid as follows: 5,907 feet of 4′′ at Tsun Wan, 780 feet of 3′′ at Taipo and 364 feet of subsidiary mains in back lanes.
40
15. The Jubilee Reservoir at Shing Mun was taken over from the Consulting Engineers on 1st May. Certain defects in Pineapple Pass Dam were discovered in September and were referred to the Consulting Engineers whose final decision had not been received at the close of the year.
16. The disastrous typhoon of 2nd September caused only minor damage to Water Works.
17. During the year experimental waste detection work was carried out and reports were submitted to Government with a view to the establishment of a permanent waste detection branch.
:
18. On the construction side the following works were carried out:
19. The laying of the first section of the second 24′′ diameter trunk main from the Shing Mun Valley between Shek Lai Pui Service Reservoir and Waterloo Road was completed and brought into use in July.
20. The total length of main laid was 16,876 feet of which 16,286 feet consisted of new pipes.
21. The third section of the rapid gravity filters for the Shing Mun Valley Scheme was completed and brought into use in July. With the completion of this section, which deals with five million gallons per day the total filtration capacity of the plant is now fifteen million gallons per day. Provision has been made for the addition of a further five million gallons per day at a future date.
22. The following works in connection with a general ex- tension of the Water Works and described in Sessional Paper No. 3/1937 were approved by the Secretary of State: -supply to Albany; supply to Peak Road; new Cross Harbour Pipes; rapid gravity filters at Eastern; Kowloon Tsai Service Reservoir and Supply Mains thereto; Distribution-Island and Mainland and Shing Mun Valley Scheme Catchwaters.
23. Of the above a contract was let in October for the first section of the Shing Mun Catchwaters, on which good progress was made. Pipes and specials were ordered through the Crown Agents for the Cross Harbour Pipes. Of the remain- ing items work was mainly restricted to preliminary investigations, designs, detailed estimates and the preparation of contract documents.
RECLAMATIONS.
24. At North Point and Kennedy Town, areas of about 0.75 acres and 1 acre respectively were reclaimed by free deposits of building debris. At Kun Tong an area of about 2 acres has now been reclaimed by the depositing of town's refuse by the Urban Council.
"
41
25. Extensive repairs were carried out to piers and seawalls which were damaged in the typhoon of 2nd September. At Lai Chi Kok a length of 750 lineal feet of seawall was recon- structed.
ELECTRIC WORKS.
26. Wireless:-Aerial systems were renewed and improved at Cape D'Aguilar Transmitting Station. The re-broadcasting receiver at Victoria Peak was improved, and special aerials were erected. A Lamson pneumatic tube was installed to faci- litate communication between the Royal Observatory and the Kowloon Wireless Telegraph Station. A new receiver and several new batteries were fitted at Water Police Stations. An experimental transmitter of increased power was constructed for alternative broadcast programmes and one new lattice work mast was erected.
27. Hospital apparatus from the Government Civil Hospital was removed, repaired and installed at Queen Mary Hospital.
28. Lighting, power and telephones:-Lights, fans, lifts, telephones and bells in Government Buildings were maintained in good order. Two submarine cables were repaired. Lines were run, and telephones fitted in various offices and hospitals, and alarm bells were fitted in hospitals and gaols.
29. Work on new electrical installations at the following places was in hand:-Queen Mary Hospital; Wanchai Market; Stanley Village Market; Victoria Gaol and Guards' Quarters at Wyndham Street; Government Civil Hospital; Stanley Prison; Kennedy Town Market; Western Market; new Broadcasting Station; Central British School; Kowloon City Police Station and new Wireless Station Hung Hom. Improvements and additions were carried out in forty-seven buildings in Hong Kong and fifteen in Kowloon.
30. One cross harbour submarine cable was laid.
BUILDINGS ORDINANCE OFFICE.
31. The volume of new building work coming under the jurisdiction of the Buildings Ordinance, 1935, showed a slight decrease in comparison with the figures for 1936.
32. Plans for alterations and additions to existing buildings again comprised the major part of plans deposited. There was an increase in the number of European houses but a decrease in the number of Chinese tenement type houses dealt with. Buildings of a non-domestic character showed an increase.
33. The large increase in the cost of building material which occurred toward the middle of the year was reflected in a marked falling off in the number of plans deposited during the -last quarter.
42
a
34. Plans were approved for the following more important works:-Demolition of slum property and rebuilding of a block of modern Chinese type houses, Lyndhurst Terrace and Gage Street; Chinese Restaurant, Wing Lok Street and Bonham Strand West; Chinese Restaurant, Queen's Road West and Possession Street; Super Service Station, Arsenal Street; block of eighteen Chinese houses, Gloucester, Jaffe and Canal Roads; a block of ten Chinese houses, Morrison Hill Road; European flats Nos. 74 to 76 Macdonnell Road; a block of twelve Chinese houses, Wanchai Road; St. Stephen's Junior School, Stanley; three Godowns, King's Road; New Wharf, Taikoo; Biscuit Factory, Electric Road; Roman Catholic Chapel, Pokfulam; four blocks Chinese Quarters, Dairy Farm, Pokfulam; Printing Factory, King's Road; Ice Store and Garage for Dairy Farm Company, Canton Road; two large Godowns, Canton Road; Pea-nut Oil Factory, Castle Peak Road; block of four Chinese houses, Lai Chi Kok Road; a block of ten Chinese houses, Lai Chi Kok Road; a block of twelve Chinese houses, Reclamation Street; Chinese Restaurant, Shanghai Street; large Godown, Saigon Street; a block of three European houses, Taipo Road; Brewery, Tsun Wan Marine Lot No. 5; eleven European houses, Argyle Street; two blocks of European flats, (comprising in all twelve flats) with garages, Argyle Street; five storey block of flats, Austin Road and Avenue; one pair of European houses, Austin Road; La Salle Junior School, Boundary Street; Cinema Theatre, Carpenter Road; three European houses, Grampian Road; Church, Hillwood Road; Church and School, Kak Hang Tsun Road; China Light and Power Company Sub-Station, Ma Tau Chung Road; Cracker Factory extension, Pak Tai Street; two pairs European houses, Prince Edward Road; three storey Godown, Pak Tai Street; New Power Station, Tai Wan; a block of twelve Chinese houses, To Kwa Wan Road; Factory for Hong Kong Dairy Supply Company, Waterloo Road.
35. Buildings of importance completed were:-Chinese Restaurant, Wing Lok Street and Bonham Strand West; a block of European flats, Robinson Road; Cold Storage Building, Dairy Farm Company, East Point; Sisters' Quarters, St. Paul's Hospital, Causeway Bay; Church and Hall, Causeway Bay; fourteen Chinese houses, Gloucester, Marsh and Jaffe Roads; eighteen Chinese houses, Gloucester, Stewart and Jaffe Roads; Office Building, 10 Queen's Road Central; Office Building, 9 Queen's Road Central; Hong Kong Electric Company Sub- Sitation, Chiu Lung Street; Carmelite Sisters' Convent, Stanley; Garden and Swimming Pool, Repulse Bay; three Godowns, King's Road; European type flats, "Hill Crest" The Peak; Printing Factory, King's Road; Private Hospital, Kiu Kiang Street; large extension to Weaving Factory, Un Chau Street; two large Godowns, Hong Kong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company, Canton Road; a block of twelve Chinese houses, Reclamation Street; large Godown, Hong Kong and Kowloon
43
Wharf and Godown Company, Saigon Street; Girls' School, Hau Pui Loong; Church, Waterloo Road; Maryknoll Convent School, Waterloo Road and Boundary Street; Chinese Christian Church, Ma Tau Chung Road; School, Church and Priests' Quarters, Kak Hang Tsun Road.
36. Occupation permits were issued for 116 Chinese tene- ment houses, of these forty were erected in Kowloon and seventy-six on the Island. Occupation permits issued for fifty- seven European type houses, of these thirty-eight were erected in Kowloon and nineteen in Hong Kong.
37. The number of water flushed sanitary installations approved amounted to 1,843.
38. Twelve fires causing structural damage were reported. In a fire which occurred at Nos. 21 to 25 Sa Po Road, the building was completely gutted. The building was a three storey structure with wooden floors, stairs and roofs without egress to roofs. Four of the inmates were burned to death.
39. During the typhoon of 2nd September a conflagration broke out at Nos. 181 to 137 Connaught Road West. The buildings were of the early tenement type, and with the excep- tion of two houses, the roofs, floors and stairs were of wooden construction. Egress to roofs was provided. Practically all the wooden floors and stairs collapsed, but little damage was done to walls. Several lives were lost, but as the ground floors were flooded by heavy seas from the harbour, the cause of death could not be ascertained.
40. It is noted that fires in houses of reinforced concrete construction were confined mostly to the floors in which the outbreak occurred, and in the majority of cases resultant damage was slight.
41. Nineteen collapses were reported, eleven of which occurred as a result of the very severe typhoon experienced on the 2nd September. The total casualties for the year due to collapses amounted to two. A serious accident occurred during the operation of a piling plant on Kowloon Inland Lot No. 3871, Canton Road. The accident was attributed to an exceptionally severe and sudden gust of wind, which caused the plant to overturn. Six people were killed and several injured.
42. Three landslips occurred as a result of the heavy rains. One casualty occurred as the result of a quantity of overhanging decomposed granite and boulders falling on to a shed at Tai Kok Tsui (Kowloon Quarry No. 14).
44
43. Plans were approved for the construction of a seawall and the reclamation of an area comprising 2,137,000 square feet at Tsun Wan Marine Lot No. 8. Preparation work only was carried out.
44. The Chinese Cemeteries in Hong Kong, Kowloon and New Kowloon were maintained in good order and provision was made for additional burial spaces. An area at Hammer Hill was gazetted as an urning ground, and preliminary survey work was carried out with a view to making this area available in 1939, by which time it is expected Aplichau will be unable to accommodate any additional urns. Very few burials took place at Ho Man Tin or Cheung Sha Wan, the main volume going to No. 7 Cemetery (Customs Pass). Chai Wan Cemetery is rapidly approaching saturation point, and it was found neces- sary to gazette a new area (Chai Wan Extension) which is in course of formation. Usual maintenance and minor works were executed in Kai Lung Wan and Mount Caroline Cemeteries.
Chapter XIII.
JUSTICE AND POLICE.
1. THE COURTS OF HONG Kong.
The Supreme Court of Hong Kong consists of a Chief Justice and one or more other judges. At present there is one Puisne Judge and one other Judge for the purpose of Appeals.
2. The jurisdiction of the Court is regulated by a number of Ordinances but generally it may be said that the Court exercises a Summary Jurisdiction in all actions where the claims do not exceed $1,000 and an Original Jurisdiction in all actions where the claims exceed that amount.
3. In addition to the above the Court exercises Admiralty, Probate, Divorce, Bankruptcy, Lunacy, Criminal and Appellate Jurisdiction.
4. The following is a brief summary of litigation and matters dealt with during the year 1937:-
1,582 actions were instituted in the Summary Jurisdiction and the amounts for which judgments were given totalled $212,915.00.
172 actions were instituted in the Original Jurisdiction and the amounts for which judgments were given totalled $328,632.87.
44
43. Plans were approved for the construction of a seawall and the reclamation of an area comprising 2,137,000 square feet at Tsun Wan Marine Lot No. 8. Preparation work only was carried out.
44. The Chinese Cemeteries in Hong Kong, Kowloon and New Kowloon were maintained in good order and provision was made for additional burial spaces. An area at Hammer Hill was gazetted as an urning ground, and preliminary survey work was carried out with a view to making this area available in 1939, by which time it is expected Aplichau will be unable to accommodate any additional urns. Very few burials took place at Ho Man Tin or Cheung Sha Wan, the main volume going to No. 7 Cemetery (Customs Pass). Chai Wan Cemetery is rapidly approaching saturation point, and it was found neces- sary to gazette a new area (Chai Wan Extension) which is in course of formation. Usual maintenance and minor works were executed in Kai Lung Wan and Mount Caroline Cemeteries.
Chapter XIII.
JUSTICE AND POLICE.
1. THE COURTS OF HONG Kong.
The Supreme Court of Hong Kong consists of a Chief Justice and one or more other judges. At present there is one Puisne Judge and one other Judge for the purpose of Appeals.
2. The jurisdiction of the Court is regulated by a number of Ordinances but generally it may be said that the Court exercises a Summary Jurisdiction in all actions where the claims do not exceed $1,000 and an Original Jurisdiction in all actions where the claims exceed that amount.
3. In addition to the above the Court exercises Admiralty, Probate, Divorce, Bankruptcy, Lunacy, Criminal and Appellate Jurisdiction.
4. The following is a brief summary of litigation and matters dealt with during the year 1937:-
1,582 actions were instituted in the Summary Jurisdiction and the amounts for which judgments were given totalled $212,915.00.
172 actions were instituted in the Original Jurisdiction and the amounts for which judgments were given totalled $328,632.87.
45
Two actions were instituted in the Admiralty Jurisdiction.
403 grants were made, or grants of other courts sealed, in the Probate Jurisdiction.
Eight Petitions for Divorce were filed during 1937 and Decree absolute pronounced in two cases.
291 persons were indicted in the Criminal Jurisdiction of whom 229 were convicted.
38 appeals were lodged in the Appellate Jurisdiction 34 of which were disposed of during the year.
Four Criminal appeals were lodged and disposed of during the year.
5. The lower civil courts are the land courts in the Northern and Southern districts of the New Territories, with jurisdiction over land cases in those districts, and the small debts courts of the same two districts. In these courts the District Officers
sit to hear land and small debts cases.
6. The lower criminal courts are the magistrates' courts, two for Hong Kong island, and a small area on the main and opposite Shaukiwan, two for Kowloon, including the whole area south of the Kowloon hills, and one each for the two districts of the New Territories, in which the District Officers are the magistrates.
7. The following figures show the amount of work done by
the lower courts in 1937: —
Civil:-
District Officer North,
Land Court
Small Debts Court
District Officer, South,
Land Court
Small Debts Court
91 cases.
87
209 cases.
41
Criminal:
*
Hong Kong Magistracy, two courts
Kowloon Magistracy, two courts
District Officer, North, one court
District Officer, South, one court
38,091 cases.
30,220
1,881
508
هریه
47
cell accommodation for 1,598. Lai Chi Kok Branch Prison for males was closed down on 28.1.37. Victoria Gaol was closed down on 26.9.37 and all prisoners were transferred to Hong Kong Prison at Stanley. The transfer of all male prisoners was completed on 26.9.37. The other prison is the female prison situated at Lai Chi Kok.
13. The total number of persons committed to prison in the year 1937 was 17,088 as compared with 16,106 in 1936. The daily average number of prisoners in the prisons in 1937 was 2,493. The highest previous average was 1,917 in 1936. Over 85% of prisoners admitted are persons born outside the Colony.
14. The health of the prisoners generally was well main- tained in the prisons.
15. The discipline in the prisons was good.
16. Prisoners are employed at printing, bookbinding, shoemaking, tinsmithing, matmaking, tailoring, carpentering, weaving, gardening, laundry work, cleaning and minor repairs to buildings. The bulk of the Government printing and book- binding is done in Hong Kong Prison.
IV. REMAND HOMES.
17. During the year 221 boys underwent sentences of detention for various crimes at the Remand Home for Juveniles (Boys), not under Prison administration and 69 girls underwent detention at the Remand Home for girls. The boys are given instruction in elementary reading and writing, as well rattan work, which teaches them a trade. The girls are given employment in house-work, laundry, and making and mending clothes. There are recreation facilities at both Homes.
in
There are also four Probation Officers, two males and two females.
Lady visitors attend the Female Prison twice weekly to instruct long sentence prisoners in needle work.
18. Visiting Justices inspect and report on the prisons every fortnight.
Chapter XIV.
LEGISLATION.
1. Twenty-eight Ordinances were passed during the year 1937. These and also the Regulations, Rules, By-Laws and other subordinate legislation enacted during 1937 are published
48
in a separate volume by the Government Printers. The twenty- eight Ordinances comprised two appropriation, three replace- ment, one incorporation, one consolidation, seventeen amend- ment and four which were new to the Colony.
2. The Appropriation Ordinance (No. 23) applied a sum not exceeding $26,338,340 to the public service for the year 1937 and Ordinance No. 10 appropriated a supplementary sum of $782,310.80 to defray the charges of the year 1936.
3. Of the three replacement Ordinances-
(1) The Hong Kong Government Service (Levy on Salaries) Ordinance (No. 2), which replaced the corresponding 1936 Ordinance, reduced the percentage deductions on salaries for the first half of 1937 and gave power to the Legislature by re- solution to continue, reduce or abandon the percentage deduc- tions during the second half of the year, and in addition made provision for the exchange conversion rate.
(2) The Pharmacy and Poisons Ordinance, 1937 (No. 8), which replaced the Pharmacy and Poisons Ordinance, 1916 (No. 9), followed closely the provisions of the Pharmacy and Poisons Act, 1933.
(3) The Factories and Workshops Ordinance, 1937 (No. 18) replaced the corresponding 1932 Ordinance. This Ordinance transferred the office of Protector of Labour from the Secretary for Chinese Affairs to the Chairman of the Urban Council and enacted certain new provisions to meet modern requirements.
4. Ordinance No. 28 provided for the incorporation of the Procurator in Hong Kong of the Irish Province of the Order of Franciscans Minor. The Ordinance followed the usual lines in such cases.
5. The Forestry Ordinance, 1937 consolidated and to some extent extended the existing Ordinances relating to forests, trees and plants.
6. The seventeen amending Ordinances covered a wide range of subjects, namely-Telecommunication (No. 1), Pensions (No. 3), Watchmen (No. 4), Deportation (British Subjects) (No. 5), Advertisements Regulation (No. 6), Public Health (Sanita- tion) (No. 7), Currency (No. 9), Printers and Publishers (No. 12), Stonecutters Island (No. 13), Motor Spirit (No. 14), Or- dinance and Regulations of Hong Kong (1937 edition) (No. 15), Life Assurance Companies (No. 16), Full Court (No. 17), Naval Establishment Police (No. 19), Magistrate's (No. 20), Merchant Shipping (No. 22), Interpretation (No. 26).
7. The Ordinances new to the Colony were:
(1) Stores Pier (North Point) and Additional Pipe Lines
Ordinance (No. 21).
49
(2) Sterling Salaries Conversion Ordinance (No. 24). (3) Public Officers (Change of Style) (No. 25).
(4) Law Revision Ordinance (No. 27).
Ordinance No. 21 provisionally authorised the Director of Public Works to construct a pier projecting into the Harbour and to lay two additional cross-Harbour pipe lines; No. 24, while repealing the Hong Kong Government Service (Levy on Salaries) Ordinance, 1937 (No. 2), made provision for converting the ster- ling salaries of Government officers for the year 1938 at a rate similar to the rate applicable in 1937; No. 25 changed the style of Inspector General of Police and Deputy Inspector General- of Police and Police Probationer to Commissioner of Police, Deputy Commissioner of Police and Police Cadet respectively and authorised the Legislative Council by resolution to make additional alterations in the style of public officers at any time; Ordinance No. 27 gave effect to certain amendments found necessary in the preparation of the revised Ordinances (1937 edition).
8. The subordinate legislation covered a wide range of subjects including.-
Air Navigation, Adulterated Food and Drugs, Asiatic Emigration Boarding House, Betting Duty, Births and Deaths Registration, Buildings, Cremation, Crown Rents (Apportion- ment), Dangerous Drugs, Defences (Firing Areas), Dentistry, Emergency Regulations (Cholera), Ferries, Forestry, Hawkers, Hong Kong (Coinage), Lighting Control, Liquors, Marriage, Merchant Shipping, Midwives, Naval Volunteer, New Territories Public Health (Sanitation), Nursing and Maternity Homes. Registration, Public Health (Animals and Birds). Pensions, Pharmacy and Poisons, Places of Public Entertainment, Pleasure Grounds and Bathing Places, Post Office, Prisons, Public Health (Food), Public Health (Sanitation), Quarantine and Prevention of Disease, Rating, Registration of Imports and Exports, Rope Company's Tramway, Telecommunication, Tram- ways, Vaccination, Vehicles and Traffic, Volunteer and Watch-
men.
Chapter XV.
PUBLIC FINANCE & TAXATION.
The following tables show the Revenue and Expenditure for the five years 1933 to 1937 inclusive.
Revenue. Expenditure. Surplus. .$32,099,278 $31,122,715 $ 976,563
29,574,286 31,149,156
Deficit.
1933
1934
$1,574,870
1935
28,430,550
28,291,636
138,914
1936
30,042,984 29,513,520
529,464
1937
33,196,368 32,111,222 -1,085,146
50
2. The revenue for the year 1937 amounted to $33,196,368, being $4,436,118 more than estimated, and $3,153,384 more than the revenue obtained in 1936.
3. All subheads under Duties exceeded the estimate by $1,210,411. Of this sum $682,203 was on account of Tobacco, representing the increased activities of local manufacturers on the closing down of North China factories through abnormal con- ditions in China. The temporary increase in population due to the influx of refugees from China accounted for the increase of $133,404 under Locally Manufactured Liquor, and certain smaller increases under Import Duty on Liquor and Spirits. Less tonnage accounted for a decrease of $11,224 under Light Dues. Receipts from Opium Monopoly exceeded the estimate by $64,770 accounted for by the increased population. Assessed Taxes were greater than the estimate by $314,066. This was due to the greater demand for accommodation during the latter half of the year by the abnormal influx of refugees, and for the same reason Water Excess Supply and Meter Rents were higher by $123,856. Two large estates were the main causes of an increase in Estate Duty of $183,251. Due to an improvement in general business conditions Stamp Duties brought in $130,186 more than anticipated. Post Office receipts also showed an increase of $1,204,596, principally due to an expansion of the Air Mail Services and large sales of the Coronation Issue of postage stamps, while increased postage rates also contributed.
Receipts from the Kowloon Canton Railway were $197,790 greater than estimated. Of this figure the linking up of the Canton-Kowloon and Canton-Hankow Railways accounts for some $120,000, and some $40,000 more in rents was derived from the storage of goods originally consigned to Shanghai but landed in Hong Kong. The closing down of the casino at Shum Chun, however, adversely affected the passenger traffic receipts from that source to the extent of over $70,000.
4. The expenditure for the
the year 1937 amounted to $32,111,222 being $147,938 less than estimated and $2,597,702 more than the expenditure in 1936.
5. Ordinary expenditure amounted to $30,600,924, Public Works Extraordinary to $1,510,298. Personal Emoluments amounted to $12,895,932, being $822,984 less than the estimated figure of $13,718,916 due to the operation of the Levy on Salaries Ordinance No. 17 of 1936 which was repealed on 1st July, 1937.
Other Charges amounted to $4,575,527, being $69,539 less than estimated.
6. Debt. The Public Debt of the Colony consists of two issues: The 4% Conversion Loan raised in 1933 amounting to $4,838,000, the Sinking Fund of which, established in 1934, amounted on 31st December, 1937, to £54,325.6.11. Secondly,
>
}
51
the 34% Dollar Loan raised in July, 1934. Bonds to the amount of $14,000,000 were issued at 99% producing $13,860,000. This Loan is redeemable by drawings at par in each of the twenty-five years commencing in 1935 at the annual rate of one twenty-fifth of such issue. During each of the years 1935, 1936 and 1937 $560,000 was so redeemed thus reducing the amount outstanding to $12,320,000. Ordinance No. 11 of 1934 governs this issue and authorizes the Governor to borrow up to a total of $25,000,000. The total public debt of the Colony on 31st December, 1937, amounted to $17,158,000.
7. The Assets and Liabilities of the Colony on the 31st December, 1937, are shown in the following statement:-
LIABILITIES.
ASSETS.
€
Deposits:-
Advances:
Miscellaneous
220,148.51
Contractors and
Pending Re-im-
Officers Deposits..
447,749.26
Insurance Com-
bursements from
31% dollar loan. 10,263,484.30
Pending Re-im-
panies
1,563,341.62
bursements from
proposed new loa
56,783.30
Miscellaneous De-
posits
Building Loans
337,922.63
1,339,709.71 Imprest Account
•
9,420.17
Subsidiary Coin
120,625.00
House Service
Trade Loan Out-
Account
31,007.47
standing....
295,493.00
Suspense Account,
84,285.42
ment Fund
Government House
& City Develop-
Exchange Adjust-
Unallocated Stores,
(P.W.D.)
486,938.40
839,704.12 Unallocated Stores,
(Railway)
121,552.45
Note Issue Account :-
ment
23,934.73
Current
Account. $ 513,870.4:
Trade Loun Reserve..
338,689.27
Fixed
Deposit..
3,000,000.0
3,513,870.42
Praya East Re-
Nickel Coinage
clamation
108,280.35
Account :-
Current
Coal Account
10,404.98
Sterling
Account. $ 338,517.70
Investment
Crown Agents-
Account.
1,290,336.8
Overdraft
7,026.69
1,678,854.57
Cash Balance:
Note Security Fund..
3,513,870.42
Accountant-
General
1,547,810.91
Nickel Coinage
*Joint Colonial
Security Fund
1,678,854.57
Fund
2,436,302.53
Fixed Deposits:
Total Liabilities..
9,902,573.19
General...$ 1,050,000.00 Insurance
Excess of Assets
Companies 1,563,341.62 Miscellaneous 118,018.07
over Liabilities
14,002,278.11
Total.........$ 23,904,851.30
2,731,359.69
Total........ $ 23,904,851.30
* Joint Colonial Fund £151,000 Os. Od.
8. Main Heads of Taxation.-The largest item of revenue is derived from the assessment tax, the sum of $5,914,066 being collected in 1937. This represents 17.82% of the total revenue or 18.10% of the revenue exclusive of land sales. The rates vary from 15% to 17% on the annual value of property and are for police, lighting and water services, etc. Port and Harbour Dues comprising Light Dues and Buoy Dues brought in the sum of. $625,684.
9. Duties on intoxicating liquors realized $2,291,167, tobacco $4,432,203, postage stamps and message fees $3,254,396. A considerable sum is also derived from the opium monopoly, land revenue, stamp duties including estate duties and other fees. Land Sales during the year realized $528,464. The receipts of the Kowloon-Canton Railway which was completed in 1910 amounted to $1,297,940.
10. Customs Tariff.-There is an import tariff on all liquor, tobacco and light oils imported into the Colony for sale or use therein. There is no export tariff. The sale of opium is a Government Monopoly, and all importation of opium other than by the Government is prohibited. The importation of Dangerous Drugs is regulated in accordance with the terms of the Geneva Convention. Arms,
Arms, ammunition, explosives and dangerous goods are subject to the normal Harbour and Police Regulations in regard to storage and movement. A special Foreign Regis- tration fee of 20% of the value of a motor vehicle is payable in respect of any vehicle not produced within the British Empire.
11. The duties on imported liquor range from $0.80 per gallon on beer to $1.50 on Chinese liquor and to $13 on sparkling European wines. A 50% reduction in duty is allowed in respect of brandy grown or produced within the British Empire.
12. The duties on tobacco range from $0.90 per lb. on the lowest taxed unmanufactured tobacco to $2.60 per lb. on cigars. A reduction in duty is allowed to tobacco of Empire origin and/or of Empire manufacture.
13. A duty of 30 cents per gallon is payable on all light oils imported into the Colony.
14. Excise and Stamp Duties.A reduction in duty is allowed on beer and Chinese type spirits manufactured in the Colony.
15. Stamp Duties are imposed on various instruments and where a consideration is involved are mainly ad valorem. The following are examples of the duties charged:-Affidavits, Statutory Declarations, etc., $3; Bills of Exchange (inward) and Cheques, 10 cents; Bills of Lading, 15 cents when freight is under $5, 40 cents when freight is $5 or over; Bond to secure
1
53
ގ
the payment or repayment of money, 20 cents for every $100 or part thereof; Conveyance on sale, $1 for every $100 or part thereof; Mortgages, principal security, 20 cents for every $100 or part thereof; Life Insurance Policy, 25 cents for every $1,000 insured; Receipts, 10 cents for amounts over $20; Transfer of Shares, 20 cents for every $100 of market value.
16. No Hut Tax or Poll Tax is imposed in the Colony.
54
Appendix.
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF GENERAL INTEREST RELATING TO
TITLE.
HONG KONG,
PRICE.
AGENTS FOR SALE.
$
Sessional Papers (Annual)
Blue Book (Annual)
Ordinances-Ball's Revised Edit- ion (In 6 Volumes) 1844-1923.
Regulations of Hong Kong 1844-
1925
Ordinances and Regulations
(Annual)
Administration Reports (Annual)
Estimates (Annual)
Government Gazettes (Weekly).
Meteorological Bulletin (Month-
ly)
Hong Kong Trade and Shipping
Returns (Monthly).
Do. (Annual)
Hansards (Annual)
Historical & Statistical Abstract of the Colony of Hong Kong 1841-1930.
The Hong Kong Naturalist
(Quarterly)
2.00 Colonial Secretariat and
Government Printers.
3.00 Colonial Secretariat, Govern- ment Printers and Crown Agents for the Colonies, London.
Do.
90.00
30.00 Colonial Secretariat.
3.00 Colonial Secretariat, Govern- ment Printers and Crown Agents.
5.00 Colonial Secretariat.
3.00 Government Printers.
.50 Government Printers and
Crown Agents.
10.00 Government Printers.
per
annum
2.00 Government Printers and
Crown Agents. 2.00
Do.
5.00 South China Morning Post,
Hong Kong.
4.00 Colonial Secretariat.
2.00 Hong Kong University.
515
Appendix,-Continued.
TITLE.
PRICE.
AGENTS FOR SALE.
$
Hong Kong: A Guide Book .....
Hong Kong: Around and About, by S. H. Peplow & M. Barker.
1.00 Kelly & Walsh, Ltd. and Brewers' Bookshop, Hong
Kong.
5.00
Do.
Hong Kong-Birth, Adolescence
& Coming of Age
18/-
Do.
Echoes of Hong Kong & Beyond
by L. Forster
1.50
Do.
Hong Kong-the Riviera of the
Orient
1.00
Do.
Travellers Map of Hong Kong...
.10
Do.
Picturesque Hong Kong
1.25 Brewers' Bookshop.
The Tourist Guide 1936
1.25
Do.
The Dollar Directory 1938
1.00
Do.
A Hong Kong Sketch Book ....
2.50 Kelly & Walsh, Ltd.
Hilly Hong Kong
1.00
Do.
Glimpses of Hong Kong
1.00
Do.
Sections on Hong Kong will be found in the annual "China Year Book" published by the North China Daily News and Herald Ltd., Shanghai (London Agents Simpkin Marshall Ltd.) price $20.00, the annual "Directory and Chronicle of China, Japan etc." published by the Hong Kong Daily Press at Hong Kong, Price $12.00 and obtainable at their London office at 53, Fleet St., for £2, and "Comacrib China & Hong Kong Manual", price $35.00 (Brewers' Bookshop).
Appendix A.
FINANCIAL RETURNS FOR
ANNUAL COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE REVENUE AND EXPEN{
Estimates,
Actual Revenue
Revenue for
same period
Heads of Revenue.
1937.
to 31st. December,
Increase.
Decrease.
Heads
of preceding
year.
1937.
$
C.
Duties
-
6,415 000
7,625,411.42
Port and Harbour Dues
635,000 625,684.20 538.284-39
$
C.
6,928,672.06
$
$
C.
696,739.36
H. E. tl Colonial
and
12,600.19
Secretar
Affai
Treasur
venue
purposes, and
bursements in Aid
not otherwise
Fees of Court or Office, Payments for specific
Reim-
Licences and Internal Re-
specified -
13,188,600 14,192,267.74 13,837,182.66
355,085.08
Audit C
District
Do
Commu
(a) P
(b)
Te
2,397,500 2,660,076.47
2,261,116.21 398,960.26
Imports
Harbour
Post Office
2,049,800 3,254,396.09
2,058,885.99
1,195,510.10
Royal C
Kowloon-Canton Railway - 1,100,150
1,297,940.29
1,245,469.16
52,471.13
Rent of Government Pro-
perty, Land and Houses -
1,641,200
1,725,848.68 1,632,973.99
92,874.69
Fire Bri Suprem Attorne Crown $ Official Land Of Magistra
Do., Police F
Prisons
Medical
Sanitary
Interest
96,500
92,560.15
193,291.21
100,731.06
Botanica
Depa
Educatio
Kowloor
Miscellaneous Receipts -
1,030,500 1,193,719.34 977,877.69
215,841.65
Defence
(a) V
C
(b) N:
(c) M
Total (exclusive of Land
Sales)- -
ti
28,554,250 32,667,904.38 29,773,753-36 3,007,482.27
113,331.25
Miscella Charitab
Charge
Publ
Land Sales, (Premia on
New Leases)
206,000
528,463.72 269,230.50
259,233.22
TOTAL
28,760,250 33,196,368.10 30,042,983.86 3,266,715.49
113,331.25
Deduct
$ 113,331.25
Nett
$3,153.384.24
Pensions
Public
ment Public V
Do.,
Appendix A.
RETURNS FOR THE YEAR 1937.
VENUE AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1937.
Estimates,
Decrease.
Heads of Expenditure.
1937:
Actual Expenditure to 31st December,
1937.
Expenditure for same
period of preceding year.
Increase.
Decrease.
$
C.
$
C.
$
C.
C.
C.
H. E. the Governor
196,786
194,814.98
148,206.83
46,608.15
Colonial Secretary's Office
and Legislature
347,553
297,082.33
298,056.67
974.34
12,600.19
Secretariat for Chinese
Affairs
166,682
130,757:37
139,948.00
9,190.€3
Treasury -
292,474
301,692.79
249,412.48
52,280.31
Audit Department
124,473
121,973.02
103,475.36
18,497.66
District Office, North -
90,742
75,107.19
76,712.39
1,605.20
Do., South -
55,213
48,189.50
48,207.58
18.08
Communications :-
(a) Post Office
819,432
787,756.06
497,480.28
290,275.78
(b) Do. Wireless
Telegraph Services-
183,956
181,934-17
162,473.44
19,460.73
Imports & Exports Office -
486,782
458,006.78
428,609.81
29,396.97
Harbour Department -
1,136,235
1,035,967-77
1,071,595.55
35,627-78
Do.
Air
Service
70,148
51,930.16
41,303.58
10,626.58
Royal Observatory-
85,635
83,970.09
71,416.17
12,553.92
Fire Brigade
30,797
328,892.56
293,162.54
35,730.02
Supreme Court -
260,412
234,819.59
227,937.26
6.882.33
Attorney General's Office
78,065
79,864.88
66,665.52
13,199.36
Crown Solicitor's Office
63,000
57,718.06
44,532.29
13,185.77
Official Receiver's Office -
25,745
21,270.10
24,884.40
3,514.30
Land Office
-
65,930
67.992.54
51,649.56
16,342.98
Magistracy, Hong Kong
Do., Kowloon
Police Force -
71,886
74,494.80
62,112.57
12,382.23
70,002
51,766.36
56,870.92
5,104.56
3,288,226
3,109,696.18
2,830,635.56
279,060.62
Prisons Department
1,018,559 1,021,593.04
884,851.02
136,742.02
Medical Department
-
-
Sanitary Department-
2,140,665 2,018,137.4+ 1,081,939
1,584,327.25
433,810.19
1,009,439.35
929,189.28
80,250.07
100,731.06
Botanical and Forestry
Department -
141,189
132,193:47
125.355.53
6,837-94
Education Department
2,138,140
2,034,562.00
1,861,899.93
172,662.07
Kowloon-Canton Railway
766,300
831,129.04
726,173.59
104.955.45
Defence:
(a) Volunteer Defence
Corps
158,369
153,373.62
137.707.79
15,665.83
(b) Naval Volunteer
Force-
42,914
39,220.86
32,296.18
6,924.68
(e) Military Contribu-
tion
5,379,660
113,331.25
Miscellaneous Services
1,632,830
Charitable Services
-
182,927
5,586,415.34 1,628,719.69 214,920.04
4,281,239.94
1,305,175.40
1,485,702.98
143,016.71
183,635.87
Charge on Account of
Public Debt-
Pensions
Public Works Depart-
ment
Public Works, Recurrent-
1,371,231 2,200,000
1,371,230.98 2,559,809.79
1,390,831.00
2,287,745.64
31,284.17
272,064.15
19,600.02
2,584,733 2,436,112.31 1,486,500 1,768,369.96
2,245,004.29 1,309,311.51
191, 108.02 459,058.45
30,617,130 30,600,924.21 26,460,620.56
Do., Extraordinary 1,642,030 1,510,298.07
4,216,038.56
3,052,899.52
75,734.91
1,542,601.45
TOTAL
113,331.25
32,259,160 32,111,222.28 29,513,520.08 4,216,038.56
1,618,336.36
Deduct
Nett
$1,618,336.36
www
$ 2,597,702.20
Estimates,
Heads of Revenue.
1937.
Actual Revenue
to 31st. December,
1937-
Revenue for same period of preceding
year.
Increase.
Decrease.
Heads of Exp
C.
c.
$
$
C.
Duties
6,415 000
7,625,411.42
6,928,672.06
696,739.36
Port and Harbour Dues
635,000
625,684.20
538.284.39
12,600.19
Licences and Internal Re-
venue
not
specified -
otherwise
Fees of Court or Office,
Payments for specific
purposes, and Reim- bursements in Aid
Post Office
13,188,600
14,192,267.74
13,837,182.66
355,085.08
2,397,500 2,660,076.47 2,261,116.21
398,960.26
2,049,800 3,254,396.09 2,058,885.99 1,195,510.10
Kowloon-Canton Railway -
1,100,150 1,297,940.29 1,245,469:16
52,471.13
Rent of Government Pro-
perty,
Land and Houses
1,641,200 1,725,848.68 1,632,973.99
92,874.69
H. E. the Gov Colonial Secret and Legisla
Secretariat fo
Affairs
-
Treasury - Audit Departr District Office,
Do., Communicatio (a) Post Off (b) Do.
Telegrap Imports & Exp Harbour Depa
Do.
Se
Royal Observ Fire Brigade Supreme Cour Attorney Gene Crown Solicito Official Receiv Land Office Magistracy, H Do., K
Police Force- Prisons Depart
Medical Depar
Interest
96,500
92,560.15 193,291.21
Miscellaneous Receipts -
1,030,500
1,193,719.34 977,877.69 215,841.65
100,731.06
Total (exclusive of Land
Sales)-
28,554,250 32,667,904.38 29,773,753.36 3,007,482.27
113,331.25
Land Sales, (Premia on
New Leases)
206,000 528,463.72 269,230.50
259,233.22
TOTAL
$
28,760,250 33,196,368.10 30,042,983.86
23rd February, 1938.
Deduct
Nett
3,266,715.49
113,331.25
$
113,331.25
$3,153.384.24
Sanitary Depa Botanical and Departmen Education De Kowloon-Cant Defence :-
(a) Volunte
Corps (b) Naval
Force- (c) Military
tion
Miscellaneous Charitable Ser Charge on A
Public Deb
Pensions Public Work
ment - Public Works,
Do.,
Ext
TOTAL
Appendix A.
HONG KONG.
FINANCIAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1937,
From the point of view of Government finance the main feature of the year 1937 was the passing of the acute financial stringency of the previous two years. The Estimates provided for a deficit of $3,498,910, revenue being put at $28,760,250 and expenditure at $32,259,160. In the actual result revenue exceeded the estimate by $4,436,118 and with a small saving of $147,938 over estimated expenditure a surplus of $1,085,146 was realised. The surplus of assets on 31st December, 1937, was $14,002,278 a much more satisfactory figure than was anti- cipated when the Estimates for 1937 were prepared in the Autumn of 1936. The deficits then anticipated for 1936 and 1937 would have reduced the surplus of assets to about $8,000,000.
2. This satisfactory result was achieved almost entirely by an expansion in existing sources of revenue; no new or increased taxes were imposed during the year. General conditions of trade in China, which had already shown signs of improvement in 1936, improved steadily in the first half of 1937 and Hong Kong shared in the general greater activity of trade. The improve- ment in the financial outlook was therefore sufficient to enable the salary levy to be removed with effect from the 1st July, 1987. During the latter part of the year the general improvement in economic conditions in the Far East was brought sharply to an end by the outbreak of hostilities between China and Japan but the immediate financial effect upon Hong Kong was beneficial. Large numbers of refugees from Shanghai and South China came into the Colony while the practical cessation of trade with the interior of China through Shanghai resulted in an increased volume of trade passing through Canton and other Southern Coast ports, a large part of which was conducted via Hong Kong. Figures of China's trade for the last five months of the year show that while there was a very considerable reduction in the total trade a much large percentage of it passed through Hong Kong with a resultant increase in the actual trade of the Colony with China.
8. As a result both of the greater activity and of the increase in population, which has been estimated at as much as 25%, practically all the sources of revenue showed substantial increases. The receipts from rates were higher owing to the smaller number of vacant tenements, these having sunk from nearly 3,000 in January to under 1,000 in December. Liquor
A 2
and tobacco duties also showed substantial increases while many minor items such as entertainment tax and the royalties payable on gross receipts by omnibus and ferry companies reflected the increase in population. Details of the variations in individual items of revenue are shown in the attached report by the Accountant-General.
4. As regards expenditure, details of which are also given in the Accountant-General's report, the total was very close to the original estimate. Larger savings would have been realised but for the unexpected expense occasioned by the disastrous typhoon of September 2nd and additional expenses caused by the Cholera epidemic which visited the Colony in the late summer and by various supplementary expenditure in connection with refugees and other items arising out of the Sino-Japanese hostilities. The sum of $1,510,298 expended on Public Works Extraordinary during the year was somewhat less than the amount budgetted for and was in fact the lowest for some years. This was due to the fact that the Estimates were prepared at a time when it was still necessary to observe the strictest economy, while extra work occasioned by the repair of typhoon damage necessitated the postponement of various works. On the other hand in addition to the sums spent out of revenue on Public Works Extraordinary a total of $1,113,999 was spent from loan funds.
5. As already noted the surplus of assets over liabilities at the end of the year was $14,002,278. The greater part of this, i.e. $10,320,268, was advanced to loan funds pending reimburse- ment from the issue of the remainder of the 34% Dollar Loan; but total cash resources ignoring deposits earmarked for special funds amounted to $5,034,113.
LOANS.
6. As regards loans the position remains that of the $25,000,000 authorized by the Dollar Loan Ordinance, 1934, $14,000,000 has been issued. The balance of $11,000,000 is available for issue when the funds are required, expenditure being advanced from general surplus balances in the meanwhile as already noted. This system is being continued for the present as the liquid resources available appear sufficient to meet the immediate needs but the necessity of issuing the remainder of the loan as soon as circumstances require is kept in mind.
CURRENCY.
7. The currency situation remained stable during the year. The Exchange rate continued to be controlled by the operations of the Exchange Fund set up under the Currency Ordinance, 1935, and fluctuations in the rate during the year were small. The Treasury average rates for each month are as follows: —
January February
..1/2 7/8 .1/2 7/8
March
.1/2 7/8
April May.....
June
A 3
..1/2 7/8
July
..1/2 7/8 ..1/2
..1/2 11/16
August
.1/2 11/16
September
1/2 7/8
October
.1/2 7/8
1
November
.1/2 7/8
December
.1/2 7/8.
As will be seen after falling to a low point in July exchange rose slightly and remained very steady for the whole of the rest of the year. During this period there was a steady demand for Hong Kong dollars owing to events in China and the total note issues of the three note issuing banks and of the Government one dollar notes increased during the year as follows:
Government $1 Notes
Chartered Bank of I. A. & C.
31.12.37 $ 8,625,000 25,172,604 199,689,793
31.12.36 $ 2,300,000
22,756,888
H.K. & S. B. C.
124,863,771
Mercantile Bank of India, Ltd.
4,091,508
5,175,570
$154,012,167
$233,662,967
8. A statement of the position of the Exchange Fund was made in October as follows:
The Exchange Fund set up in December, 1935, took over, in accordance with Ordinance 54 of 1935, the silver which had to be delivered under that Ordinance; it also purchased during the first few months of its operation substantial quantities of exchange which were offered on the local market. It has since both bought and sold exchange as has been found necessary.
The silver taken over by the Fund was sold and the monies so obtained and exchange bought by the Fund constitute assets against the liabilities represented by Certificates of Indebtedness issued by the Treasurer to the Banks.
On June 30th last the Certificates of Indebtedness outstand- ing amounted to $152,652,579, which is equivalent to £9,342,020 at the rate of 1/2 11/16, the middle market rate on that day; the total assets of the Fund amounted to £10,316,240 of which 62.97% was invested in gilt edged sterling securities and 35.91% was held in cash or on deposit in London at call or short notice. The balance 1.12% represented silver.
A 4
ex-
9. The year under review is interesting as being the first year during which our managed currency has functioned free of of speculative influences. The result has amply justified the abandonment of silver as an absolute standard. In 1935 change was 1/8 in January, 2/6 in April, 1/11 in September and 1/3 in December. In 1936 exchange opened at 1/3, remained fairly steady till June and then gradually declined to 1/27, at which level speculative operations practically ceased and the market settled down to rates that throughout 1937 have shown no more than normal trade fluctuations within very narrow limits. The steadiness of exchange has promoted confidence in foreign trade dealings and enabled merchants to take a longer view of their commitments than was possible when trading prospects were subject to the vagaries of the Silver Market. Equally important has been the stability of the Chinese National Dollar. In 1935 the Colony experienced not only violent exchange fluctuations in currencies based on gold but was faced by equally disturbing fluctuations in exchange on China that was nominally functioning on the same silver standard and on a similar silver dollar as Hong Kong.
10. Subsidiary Coinage.-In consequence of the counter- feiting to which the cupro-nickel 10 cent and 5 cent coinage has been exposed since its introduction in November, 1935, it was decided with the advice of the Royal Mint authorities to replace the cupro-nickel with a new issue of nickel coins some- what larger in size and having a security rim specially designed to defeat ordinary methods of counterfeiting. Up to the end of 1937 new security rim nickel coins to the face value of $292,500 had been put into circulation concurrently with the cupro-nickel issue. It is the intention to withdraw the latter as supplies of the new coins become available.
In addition to a small quantity of silver coin still in active circulation the following amounts of subsidiary coin circulation on the 31st December, 1937:
were
Face Value.
in
Cupro-Nickel
10 cents
$1,500,000
5
50,000
"1
>>
Security Rim Nickel
10
262,500
>1
5
30,000
##
*
ADMINISTRATION.
11. During the year a change in the general system of financial administration was brought into operation. As part of a general change in the financial organization of Colonial Governments the Colonial Treasurer has been replaced by an officer having the title of Financial Secretary who forms a part of the Colonial Secretariat. The detailed administration and accounting work connected with receipts and expenditure hast been entrusted to an officer under the title of Accountant- General who is in direct charge of all ordinary Treasury work. ·
A 5
The Financial Secretary has also ceased to hold the offices of Assessor, Estate Duty Commissioner and Collector of Stamp Revenue formerly held by the Colonial Treasurer. Mr. E. Taylor, Colonial Treasurer, departed on leave prior to retirement on 25th March, 1937, and Mr. W. J. Carrie acted as Colonial Treasurer until the 15th July, 1937. I assumed office as Financial Secretary and Colonial Treasurer on the 16th July, 1937, and the new arrangements were brought gradually into operation during the latter part of the year, the following new appointments being made:-
Mr. T. Black, formerly Accountant, Treasury, to be Accountant-General with effect from the 1st November,
1937.
Mr. J. Ring, formerly First Assistant Assessor to be
Assessor, and
Mr. D. Kelvin-Stark, Cadet Officer, Class II, to be Collector of Inland Revenue, Estate Duty Commissioner and Collector of Stamp Revenue with effect from 1st January, 1938.
12. Reports by the Accountant-General on the Accounts for 1937 and by the Superintendent of Inland Revenue on the work of his Department are appended. The Report of the Assessor will be submitted as usual after the completion of the Assess- ment for 1938/39.
S. CAINE,
Hong Kong, 20th April, 1938.
Financial Secretary.
A
A 6
REPORT ON THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR, 1937.
1. The Revenue for the year amounted to $33,196,368 and the Expenditure totalled $32,111,222 resulting in a surplus on the year's working of $1,085,146.
is
The Revenue and Expenditure for the past ten years shown in a chart which appears herein as Financial Return
No. 1.
2. The original estimates provided for a total revenue of $28,760,250 against an expenditure of $32,259,160, forecasting a working deficit of $3,498,910 for the year under review.
3. The accumulated surplus on December 31st, 1937, stood at $14,002,278 compared with $12,917,132 at the close of the previous year.
A Statement of Assets and Liabilities appears as Financial Return No. 2.
4. Revenue.-The actual revenue collected during 1937 was $4,436,118 in excess of the estimate. Of this excess $1,210,411 was on account of Duties, all subheads of which showed con- siderable increases. The most important was $682,203 in respect of Tobacco Duties and was mainly owing to the closing down of North China factories with consequent increased activity in the local tobacco industry.
The abnormal increase in population was responsible for the greater part of the improvement in many items of revenue, particularly import duties on liquor, assessed taxes and opium monopoly. The considerable increase in royalties collected from the various transportation services was entirely due to the influx of refugees from China. A heavy increase in Postal Revenue, $1,204,596 was brought about by several factors-the breakdown of the cable company's services during the fighting in Shanghai diverted considerable business to the Radio Telegraph Office. The expansion of air mail services, increased postage rates, and the phenomenal sales of the Coronation Stamp issue contributed largely to the excess under this head.
A comparison of the revenue with the estimate and with the previous year's revenue appears as Financial Return No. 3. The principal increases are briefly indicated in Financial Return No. 4 and a chart is included as Financial Return No. 5 showing the fluctuations in the various heads of revenue during the past ten years.
5. Expenditure.-The expenditure for the year was $147,938 less than the Budget provided. Personal Emoluments amounted to $12,895,932, being $822,984 less than the estimated figure of $13,718,916; chiefly as a result of the Levy on Salaries which operated for the first half of the year.
?
A 7-
Other Charges amounted to $4,575,527 showing a saving of $69,539.
A sum of $1,510,298 was expended on Public Works Extra- ordinary.
The expenditure is compared with the original estimate and with the previous year's expenditure in Financial Return No. 6. The allocation of expenditure under the various heads during the past five years is shown in Financial Return No. 7.
6. Loan Works.-Expenditure on loan works authorized by Ordinance No. 11 of 1934 during the year 1937 amounted to $1,057,215 which was met by an advance from surplus balances. The total expenditure up to December 31st, 1937, was $24,123,484, details of which are shown in Financial Return No. 8.
Expenditure amounting to $56,788 on account of certain additional works which it is proposed to charge to a new Loan was financed by an advance from surplus revenue. Particulars of the expenditure are given in Financial Return No. 9.
7. Trade Loan Account.-The loans outstanding after writing off all irrecoverable and bad debts amounted to $295,493. A sum of $500,000 was transferred during the year to Revenue from the Reserve Account which now stands at $333,689 and is more than sufficient to cover existing loans.
Financial Return No. 10 shows the position at the close of the year.
8. Public Debt.-The annual contribution of $166,911 to the 4% Conversion Loan Sinking Fund was as usual invested in sterling securities. A sum of $560,000 was expended in redeeming 34% Dollar Loan Bonds at par in accordance with the terms of the Ordinance governing this issue.
It was found unnecessary to issue during 1937 any of the remaining $11,000,000 of Bonds authorized by the Ordinance. The works covered by this Loan were financed by an advance from the surplus revenues of the Colony without difficulty,
A statement of the Colony's Funded Public Debt outstanding on 31st December, 1937, is shown in Financial Return No. 11.
9. The following Financial Returns are intended to show the 1937 results in comparison with the estimates and with the results of previous years.
1. Chart of actual revenue and expenditure for the years
1928 to 1937.
2. Statement of Assets and Liabilities on 31st December,
1937,
- A 8
..
3. Actual Revenue compared with estimate and with
previous year.
4. Principal increases and decreases in Revenue.
5. Chart showing fluctuations of Revenue under Heads
during past ten years.
6. Actual expenditure compared with estimate and with
previous year.
7. Percentages on the various Heads of Expenditure to the
total for the past five years.
8. Statement of Expenditure on 31% Dollar Loan Account
at 31st December, 1937.
9. Statement of Advances on Loan Works pending re-
imbursement from proposed new Loan..
10. Statement of Trade Loans as at 31st December, 1937.
11. Statement of Funded Public Debt outstanding on the
31st December, 1937.
T. BLACK,
Accountant-General.
THE TREASURY,
Hong Kong, 13th April, 1938.
:
Million Dollars.
35
w w w w wers
30
32
29
28
27
26
•
A 9
Graph of Actual Revenue & Expenditure
for the Years 1928
1900
1937
1929+
0261
विविधिक
M
49332
25
24
23
Revenueri
20
21
119367
Financial Return No. 2
A 10
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES ON THE
31ST DECEMBER, 1937.
LIABILITIES.
$
ASSETS.
€
DEPOSITS:
ADVANCES:
Contractors and
Officers Deposits.
447,749,26
Insurance Com-
panies
1,563,341.62
Miscellaneous
Deposits
House Service
Account
loan
1,339,709.71
Building Loans
Imprest Account
31,007.47
Subsidiary Coin
Miscellaneous
Pending Reim- bursements from 31% dollar loan. Pending Reim- bursements from proposed new
220,148.51
10,263,484.30
56,783.30 337,922.63
9,420.17 120,625.CO
Trade Loan Outstand-
ing
Government
House
295,493.00
& City Develop-
Suspense Account
· 84,285.42
ment Fund
839,704.12
Unallocated Stores,
(P.W.D.)
486,938.40
Unallocated Stores,
Exchange Adjustment
23,934.73
(Railway)
121,552.45
Note Issue
Trade Loan Reserve.
338,689.27
Account:
Praya East Reclama-
tion
Current
Account... 513,870.42)
108,280.35
Fixed Deposit 3,000,000.00)
3,513,870.42
Coal Account
10,404.98
Nickel Coinage
Crown Agents-
Current
Overdraft
7,026.69
Sterling
Note Security Fund.
Account:
Account...$ 388,517.76
Investment
3,513,870.42
Account... 1,290,336.81
1,678,854.57
Nickel Coinage
Cash Balance::
Security Fund
1,678,854.57
Accountant-General.
1,547,810.91
Joint Colonial Fund.
2,436,302.53
Total Liabilities...
Fixed Deposits:-
9,902,573.19
General ....$1,050,000.00 Insurance
Excess of Assets over
Liabilities
14,002,278.11
Total......$ 23,904,851.30
Companies 1,563,341.62 Miscellaneous 118,018.07
2,731,359.69
Total......$ 23,904,851.30
* Joint Colonial Fund £151,000 Os. Od.
}
A 11
Financial Return No. 3
ACTUAL
ESTIMATES
ACTUAL
HEADS OF REVENUE
1936
1937
1937
Actual
PERCENTAGE OF REVENUE
Estimates Actual
1936
1937
1937
$
$
%
%
%
1. Duties
6,928,672.06
6,415,000
7,625,411.42
23.00
22.30
22.98
2. Port & Harbour Dues
638,284.39
635,000
625,684.20
2.13
2.21
1.88
3. Licences and Internal Revenue not otherwise specified
13,837,182.66
13,188,600
14,192,267,74
45.94
45.85
42.77
4. Fees of Court or Office, Pay- ments for Specific Purposes and Re-imbursements in Aid...
2,261,116.21
2,897,500
2,660,076.47
7.51
8.34
8.01
5. Post Office
2,058,885.99
2,049,800
3,254,396.09
6.85
7.13
9.80
6. Kowloon-Canton Railway
1,245.469.16
1,100,150
1,297,940.29
4.15
3.82
3.91
7. Rent of Government Property,
Land and Houses
1,632,973.99
1,641,200
1,725,848.68
5.42
5.71
5.20
8. Interest
193,291.21
96,500
92,560.15
.65
.34
.27
9. Miscellaneous Receipts
977,877.69
1,030,500
1,193,719.34
3.45
3.58
3.59
Total, (exclusive of Land Sales) $ 29,773,753.36
28,554,250
32,667,904.38
99.10
99.28
98.41
10. Land Sales (Premia on New
Leases)
269,230.50
30,042,983.86
206,000
28,760,250 33,196,368.10
528,463.72
.90
.72
1.59
100.00
100.00
100.00
Financial Return No. 4
The principal increases in Revenue over the amounts estimated were as follows:-
Estimated
$
Actual
$
Increase
$
1.-DUTIES.
Import Duty on Liquor
930,000
1,257,763
327,763
Tobacco
""
>>
3,750,000
4,432,203
682,203
Duty on Locally Manufactured Liquor
900,000
1,033,404
138,404
Explanatory Remarks
More consumption due to increase of population on account of the Abnormal conditions in China.
do
3.-LICENCES & INTERNAL REVENUE NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFIED.
- A 12
-
Opium
250,000
314,770
64,770
Increased sales.
· Vehicles Motor
232,000
280,935
48,935
Increased fees.
B.-INTERNAL REVENUE.
Assessed Taxes
5,600,000
5,914,066
Estate Duty
1,200,000
1,383,251
183,251
Stamp Duties
2,000,000
2,130,186
130,186
Water Excess Supply & Meter Rents
1,775,000
1,898,856
314,066 Fewer vacant tenements &
less arrears. Two large estates.
Improvement in general
business conditions.
123,856 More metered services and
increased consumption.
A.-LICENCES.
The principal increases in Revenue over the amounts estimated were as follows:
4.-FEES OF Court or OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES,
AND RE-IMBURSEMENTS IN AID.
A.-FEES.
Estimated
$
Actual
Increase
Explanatory Remarks
Medical Examination of Emigrants
150,000
237,054
87,054 Increased emigration to Malaya.
Sunday Cargo-working permits
70,000
134,356
64,356 Diversion of Shanghai car- goes to Hong Kong.
5.-POST OFFICE.
Message Fees
630,000
976,923
346,923 Breakdown of Competing Service.
Postage
1,400,000
2,254,351
854,351
Air mails, coronation stamps and increased rates.
6. KOWLOON CANTON RAILWAY MAIN LINE.
R3. Goods Service, Goods Foreign Line
41,000
161,409
120,409 Abnormal China.
conditions in
R7. Profits on Central Mechanical Works, Home Line
150
12,786
12,636
More work performed.
R8. Rents, Home Line
9,300
49,923
40,623
All storage occupied.
ون
Increase
Explanatory Remarks
The principal increases in Revenue over the amounts estimated were as follows:
Estimated
Actual
A 14
7.-RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY LAND & HOUSES.
$
$
$
Buildings
92,000
113,536
21,536
Lower exchange.
Leased Lands (Crown Rent ex. of N.T.)...
580,000
596,477
16,477
Fewer arrears.
Markets
361,000
390,536
29,536
New market at Kennedy Town.
9.-MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS.
Condemned Stores
15,000
50,680
35,680 More condemned stores sold & better prices obtained.
Royalty payable by the China Motor Bus Co., Ltd.
96,000
128.708
32,708 More passengers carried.
Royalty payable by the Kowloon Motor Bus Co., Ltd.
114,500
140,991
26,491
do
Realization of Sterling Fund
30,848
30,848 Profit on realization of investment.
10.-LAND SALES.
Premia on New Leases
206,000
528,464
350,926 More Land sold.
}
Financial Return No. 5
!
A 18 ----
CHART Showing fluctations of Revenue under various Heade
Ipasditen vejal si
10
8.
12
MILLJONS
J
T
V
}
16
12
CHART Showing flucta ons
of Revenue under various Heade
10
8
6
2
1
A
کھے
1928 1930 19 3 2
1922
અ
MP
1633
VERA
1
意
Pdr
Harbour D
BELU
1930
1929
ERA
1
Licenc
193
1
2
O
1928
TOTETET
200
22
bcbr
Posti
Railway
1933
£9332 1937
1232
CD
roperty
1883
ox
1934
4931
अ
Ꭸ .
Financial Return No. 5
MILLIONS
18
{
16
A 18 -
12
CHART Showing fun
उ
bus
of Revenue inden various Heade
e past ten vejairst
14
B
10
00
6
控
&
L.
જેન
51-167
1932
1932
nada
"
18267
1
#
2. Pori
1979
1931
1933
Q
•
2
Fees of
Uğurt ar Office
1928
1932
+
Post
Jinice
لامـ
1929
19314
1
1937
6
8
.00
6. Kowloon
Rent
[Railway
Property
1929
1937
79013
2931351
7937
Int
राह
3
Ip.
nd Sales
口
12
4930
:
36
1935 937
+
1825
vist
161267
bur
4/9/313
GES
જા
1928
1
1932
TEBKA
19
2
1937
192
1930
Railwa
best
2902
493135
22
1932
ogra 1937
31
ને
Sales
The principal decreases over the amounts as estimated were as follows:
2.-HARBOUR DUES.
Light Dues
3.-LICENCES & INTERNAL REVENUl
NOT OTHERWISE SPECFIED.
A.-LICENCES
Estimated
Actual
$
$
510,000
498,776
Decrease
Explanatory Remarks
$
11,224 Less tonnage
Hawker
90,000
70,934
19,066
Fewer licences issued
Liquor
370,000
301,679
68,321
Fewer licences & over- estimated.
4.-FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES
AND RE-IMBURSEMENTS IN AID.
A.-FEES
China Companies
210,000
165,703
44,297
Fewer Companies registered due│ to situation in Shanghai.
- A 15 —
Court
85,000
70,276
14,724
Fewer distraints, & writs
Deeds Registration
76,000
62,557
13,443
of execution issued. Fewer land transactions.
Survey of Steam ships
B.-RECEIPTS.
130,000
116,118
13,882 Fewer surveys.
80,000
58,411
21,589 Fewer animals slaughtered.
Slaughter Houses, Mautaukok
6. KOWLOON CANTON RAILWAY
MAIN LINE.
R1. Passenger Service, Passengers, Home
Line
345,000
273,633
71,367
Closure of Shum Chun Casino.
Financial Return No. 6
A 17-
In the following table the actual expenditure for the year 1937 is compared with the expenditure for the previous year and with the estimates for 1937:-
Heads of Expenditure.
Actual 1936,
Estimates, 1937.
Actual 1937.
C.
$
c.
His Excellency the Governor Colonial Secretary's Office and
148,206.83
196,786
194,814.98
Legislature
Secretariat for Chinese Affairs
298,056,67
347,553 297,082.33
139,948.00 166,682 130,757.37.
Treasury
Audit Department
District Office, North
249,412.48 292,474 103,475:36 124,473
301,692.79
121,973.02
76,712.39,
90,742
75,107.19
Do.,
South
48,207.58
55,213
48,189.50
Communications:-
(a) Post Office
497,480.28
819,432
787,756.06
(b) Do. Wireless Telegraph
Service
162,473.44
183,956
181,934.17
Imports and Exports Office
428,609.81
486,782
458,006.78
Harbour Department
1,071,595.55
1,136,235
1,035,967.77
Do.
Air Service
41,303,58
70,148
51,930.16
Royal Observatory
71,416,17
85,635
83,970.09
Fire Brigade
293,162,54
311,797
328,892.56
Supreme Court
227,937.26
260,412
234,819.59
Attorney General's Office
66.665.52
78,065
79,864.88
Crown Solicitor's Office
44,532.29
63,000
57,718.06
Official Receiver's Office
24,884.40
25,745
21,270.10
Land Office
51,649.56
65,930
67,992.54
Magistracy, Hong Kong
62,112.57
71,886
74,494.80
Do., Kowloon
56,870.92
70,002
51,766.36
Police Force
2,830,635.56
3,288,226
3,109,696.18
Prisons Department
884,851.02
1,018,559 1,021,593.04
Medical Department
1,584,327.25
2,140,665
2,018,137.44.
Sanitary Department
929,189.28
1,081,939 .1,009,439.35
Botanical & Forestry Department...
125,355.53
141,189
132,193.47
Education Department
1,861,899.93
2,138,140 2,034,562.00
Kowloon-Canton Railway
726,173.59
766,300
831,129.04
Defence:-
(a) Volunteer Defence Corps
137,707.79
158,369
153.373.62
(b) Naval Volunteer Force (c) Military Contribution
32,296.18
42,914
39,220.86
4,281,239.94
5,379,660
5,586,415.34
Miscellaneous Services
1,485,702.98
1,632,830
1,628,719.69
Charitable Services
183,635.87
182,927
214,920.04
Charge on Account of Public
Debt
1,390,831,00
1,371,231
1,371,230.98
Pensions
2,287,745.64
2,200,000 2,559,809.79.
Public Works Department
Do.,
Recurrent
2,245,004.29 2,584,733 2,436,112.31 1,309,311,51 1,486,500 1,768,369.96
|26,460,620,56| 30,617,13030,600,924.21
Do.,
Extraordinary
3,052,899.52 1,642,030 | 1,510,298.07
TOTAL...
29,513,520.08 32,259,160 32,111,222.28
- A 18
Financial Return No. 7
DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL EXPENDITURE FOR 5 YEARS 1933-1937.
Head.
Service.
1933 1934 1935 1936 1937
%
%
% % %
1. His Excellency the Governor.
.53
.50
.51
.50
.61
2.
Colonial Secretary's Office
and Legislature
.90
.91
.93
1.01
.93
3.
Secretariat for Chinese Affairs
.57
.46
.45
.47
.41
4.
Treasury.
.92
.76
.73
.85
.94
5.
Audit Department
.36
.33
.32
.35
.38
-
6 7.
District Offices
8.
Post Office and Wireless
.36 .35 .37 .42
.38
Telegraph Services
2.07
9.
Imports and Exports Office..
2.33
1.93 2.11 2.24 3.02
1.17 1.15 1.45 1.43
10.
Harbour Department and
Air Services
3.26
11.
Royal Observatory
3.30 3.61 3.77
.20 .19 .20 .24
3.39
.26
12.
Fire Brigade
.99 1.05 .94
.99
1.02
13-19. Legal Departments
1.78
1.76 1.60
1.81
1.83
20.
Police Force
9.12 9.01 8.61
9.60
9.68
21.
Prisons Department
2.74 2.66 2.64
3.00
3.18
22.
Medical Department
4.54 4.83 4.96
5.37
6.28
23.
Sanitary Department
3.29
3.38 3.26 3.15
3.14
24. Botanical and Forestry Dept. 25. Education Department
.41
26.
27.
Kowloon-Canton Railway Defence
.41
6.00 5.72 6.02 6.31 6.34
2.85 3.18 3.26 2.46 2.59
.42
.42
.41
28.
Miscellaneous Services
29.
Charitable Services
30.
Public Debt.
31.
Pensions ....
32..
Public Works Department
33. Public Works Recurrent
***
34.
18.72 16.76 17.34 15.08 18.00
4.83 6.29 6.01 5.04 5.07
.58 .53 .81 .62 .67
3.91 3.96 4.99 4.71 4.27
6.03 5.61 5.49 7.75 7.97
7.14 7.40 6.84 7.61 7.59
4.99 5.40 4.91 4.44 5.51 Public Works Extraordinary.. 10.58 12.15 9.90 10.34 Naval Arsenal Yard and
4.70
Kellet Island
Total
1.62
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
Financial Return No. 8
- A 19-
31% DOLLAR LOAN ACCOUNT.
AUTHORIZED BY ORDINANCE No. 11 of 1934.
Statement of Expenditure at 31st December, 1937.
Head.
Expended up to 31st December, 1936.
Expended during 1937.
Expenditure Total up to 31st December,
1937.
1. Aberdeen Valley Water Scheme..
2. Shing Mun Valley Water
Schemes :-
2,555,702.78
$3
2,555,702.78
(a) 1st Section
636,765.59
636,765.59
(b) 2nd Section :
(1) Preliminary Works
36,718.84
36,718.84
(2) Filters
120,045.23
120,045.23
(3) Gorge Dam
8,262,230.72
388,223.77
8,650,454.49
(4) 2nd Cross Harbour Pipe
173,348.32
173,348.32
(5) 2nd 24′′ Trunk Main
...
240,714.44
31,004.93 271,719.37
(6) 3rd
Rapid Gravity
Filters
204,669.99
68,995.56 273,665.55
3. Vehicular Ferry
4. New Gaol at Stanley
5. Tytam Tuk Catchwaters
1,907,966,94
3,484.03 1,911,450.97
3,534,930.96 322,156.29 3,857,087.25
689,386,55
689,386.55
6. Air Port :—
(a) Aerodrome
(6) Air Port and Seaplane
Slipway
20,485.92
20,485.92
754,186.59 Cr.21,731.61
732,454.98
(c) Wireless Telegraph Station
64,172.79 44,603.79
108,776.58
7. Redemption of 3% Inscribed
Stock
3,864,942.97
3,864,942.97
8. New Market :-
(a) Central Market
(b) Wholesale Market
Total
34,840.73
185,638.18
34,840.73
185,638.18
23,066,268.63 1,057,215.67 24,123,484.30
Of the total expenditure up to 31st December, 1937, $10,263,484.30 has been charged against surplus balances pending the issue of the remainder of the loan authorized. ·
Financial Return No. 9
-
- A 20-
LOAN WORKS.
ADVANCES PENDING RE-IMBURSEMENT FROM PROPOSED NEW LOAN.
Works.
Head 1.-NEW MARKETS:-
(a) Central Market
Head 2.-WATER WORKS:
(a) Supply to Albany
*
Expenditure up to 31st December, 1937.
$
1,521.19
(b) Supply to Peak Road
1,505.06
(c) Cross Harbour Pipes
4,859.07
(d) Rapid Gravity Filters Eastern
(e) Kowloon Tsai Service Reservoir
3,053.93
(f) Supply main to Kowloon Tsai Service
Reservoir
(g) Distribution Island
1,368.61
(h) Distribution Mainland
4,221.91
(i) Shing Mun Valley Scheme Catchwaters.
40,253.53
Total
$
56,783.30
Financial Return No. 10
- A 21-
STATEMENT OF TRADE LOANS AS AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1937.
Loans issued since 16th November, 1925 on
approved securities.
.$ 15,633,582.97
Less redemptions effected up to
31st December, 1936
1937
.$ 14,951,019.17
3,307.00
14,954,326.17
679,256.80
Less amount written off as irrecoverable
383,763.80
Loans outstanding on 31st December, 1937
$
295,493.00
Interest in arrears on 31st December, 1937
$
Total number of Loans issued since 11.11.1925
302
Less number redeemed up to 31.12.37
299
Number of Loans outstanding on 31.12.37.
3
110,548.69
:
Financial Return No. 11.
Statement of Funded Public Debt or Loans borrowed for Fixed Periods outstanding on the 31st December, 1937, and of the Accumulated Sinking Fund at the same date.
Designation of Debt or
Loan.
Legal
Authority.
Amount
Outstanding.
SINKING FUND.
Nominal Value.
Cost Price.
Market Value.
Amount of Stocks, &c.
£
s. d.
£
s. d.
Hong Kong
4%
Conversion
Ordinance
No. 15 of
1933.
4,838,000 British Guiana (1960) 3% Stock
19,009 9 2
18,724 6 4
£ s. d.
*18,724 6 4
Commonwealth of Australia (1950/52) 31% Stock
4,792 6 8
5,000 0 0
(98) 4,900 0 0
11,980 13 1
Funding Loan (1956/61) 21% Stock.
12,847 11 3
(90) 11,562 16 1
5,358 5 2
New Zealand (1949/54) 31% Stock Northern Rodesia (1950/70) 5% Stock Sierra Leone (1954) 3% Stock
5,523 19 7
(99) 5,468 149
805 13 6
12,875 17 10
956 4 8
12,734 18 1
(116xD)934 11 8
*12,734 18 1
Hong Kong
31% Dollar Loan.
Ordinance No. 11 of
1934.
12,320,000 Repayable annually at the rate of 1/25th of the total nominal value $14,000,000 of the bonds issued...
* No quotation
£56,062 11 4
£54,546 14 0
£54,325 6 11
Appendix A (2).
REPORT TO THE DIRECTOR OF COLONIAL AUDIT ON THE AUDIT OF THE ACCOUNTS OF HONG KONG FOR THE YEAR 1937.
1. The accounts of the Colony of Hong Kong for the year ended 31st December, 1937, have been examined by the local Audit Department.
A.-MANNER IN WHICH THE ACCOUNTS HAVE BEEN KEPT
AND RENDERED.
2. Subject to the observations contained in this report, the accounts were submitted for audit promptly and were satis- factorily kept and rendered. The accounts of the Colony were closed about the end of February, 1938.
3. The annual statements were received from the Ac- countant-General between the dates 23rd February, 1938, and the 22nd June, 1938. The Draft Appropriation Account (Detailed Statement of Expenditure) was received on the 12th July, 1988, and the Reconciliation Statement etc. of the Public Works Department was submitted on the 22nd June, 1938.
4. Very few misallocations were disclosed by audit examina- tion, the number being 14 only. A statement showing mis- allocations discovered too late for adjustment appears as Appendix "A" to this report.
for.
5. Expenditure appears to have been adequately vouched
6. Queries.
The queries raised on the 1937 accounts comprised :—
62 relating to Expenditure
90 relating to Revenue
Appendix "A"
Appendix "B"
Total
152
Eight queries remained unsettled at the date of this report. Details regarding these are given in Appendix “B”.
There are no unsettled queries relating to the 1936 accounts.
A (2) 2 -
7. The amount of revenue or over-expenditure recovered as a result of the 1937 queries amounted to $742.23, while the undermentioned recoveries were effected as a result of audit submissions:
Overpayment on Passage
""
17
.£21- 2-0d.
....£ 6-17-2d. (Or £6-5-7d)
The Award of Pension to a widow of contributor who was sentenced to death was challenged by Audit.
a
The Law Officers of the Crown later ruled that no pension was payable under Ordinance 15/1908.
Recovery
(Less $100 Ex gratia payment to
widow.)
$359.78 p.a.
8. Among the larger recoveries due
to
Audit Queries
were:
Vaccination fees not charged Undercharges on Safety Certificates Undercharges Sunday Working Permits
.$ 82.40
22.50
25.00
43.75
Overpayment travelling expenses Overpayment Money Order Claim
Undercharges Vaccination Fees
92.64
29.77
52.00
9. Audit Queries have been replied to with commendable promptitude.
B.-SUFFICIENCY OF EXISTING CHECKS AGAINST FRAUD.
10. Subject to the comments contained in this report, and as far as has been ascertained at present, the existing regula- tions and accounting instructions appear to afford sufficient pro- tection against fraud.
11. In accordance with Colonial Regulation No. 300 a Board of Survey was appointed to check the cash, bank balances, and revenue stamps, in the hands of the Accountant-General at the end of the year, and these were reported as having been found correct.
Post Office stocks were also surveyed by a Board at the close of the year, and no discrepancies were reported.
12. With regard to the latter survey however it was brought to notice by audit that the Board had carried out a test survey only of certain portions of the stocks held by Counter Shroffs. It has since been arranged that future annual surveys of these stocks shall be carried out in detail.
-A (2) 3.
13. The internal check in the Accountant-General's office appears to be satisfactory and vouchers submitted to audit bear signs of adequate scrutiny and check. The insignificant number of queries that audit found necessary to raise gives considerable support to these findings.
14. The question of the adequacy or otherwise of internal checks in other departments will be reviewed during the current year.
15. Securities provided by Public Officers.
The securities supplied by Public Officers in respect of the pccuniary responsibility attached to their offices in accordance with General Order No. 364 and Colonial Regulation No. 301, have been inspected by audit and found to be in order.
C.-ANNUAL ABSTRACT Account.
16. Receipts.
The total Revenue for the year 1937
including Land Sales, was Compared with an estimated amount of ...
Thereby exceeding the estimate by
$ 33,196,368
28,760,250
$ 4,436,118
17. The main variations, as compared with the Estimates, occur under the following Heads:
Duties
Head.
Licences and Internal Revenue
Fees of Court etc.
Post Office
Land Sales
More than Estimated.
$ 1,210,411
1,003,667
262,576
1,204,596
322,463
18. The actual revenue for the year 1937 exceeded that of the preceding year by $3,153,384.
19. Payments.
The expenditure for the year 1937, includ-
ing Military Contribution was
$ 32,111,222
While the Estimates provided for
32,259,160
Showing under-expenditure of
.$
147.938
A (2) 4 -
20. Savings, as compared with the Estimates, occur under
25 heads, while the estimated provision was
10 heads, the more important of the latter being:-
(1) Defence-
Head.
Military Contribution
(2) Charitable Services
(3) Pensions
(4) Public Works Recurrent
exceeded under
Excess.
$206,755
31,993
359,809
281,869
21. The excess under Military Contribution is due to the fact that the revenue for the year was considerably greater than anticipated.
22. Reasons for the variations between the actual and estimated figures of both revenue and Expenditure are given in the Annual Report of the Accountant-General for the year 1937.
23. The actual expenditure for 1937 exceeded that of the previous year by $2,597,702.
D.-AUTHORITIES FOR EXPENDITURE, 1937.
24. Details of the various authorities obtained to cover the expenditure for the year 1937 are given below:
(i) Estimates.-($32,259,160). The expenditure for the year 1937 of a sum of $25,508,269, representing the total estimated requirements of the Colony for that year, but exclud- ing the probable contribution to the Imperial Government in aid of Military Expenditure ($5,379,660), and the estimated charges on account of Public Debt ($1,371,281), was authorized by the Legislature on 7th October, 1936 (Hansard 1936 pps. 242--275).
The Estimates were approved by the Secretary of State vide his telegram dated 16th December, 1936, and confirmed by Colonial Office despatch No. 4 of 4th January, 1937.
(ii) Appropriation Ordinance (No. 42 of 1936).-Legalized the expenditure of $25,508,269 on the Public Service of the Colony for the year 1937, but in accordance with local custom excluded provision for the estimated expenditure in connection with the Military Contribution, and charges on account of the Public Debt. Expenditure on these two services is apparently held to be covered by existing legislation.
Notice of non-disallowance of this Ordinance was published vide Government Notice No. 1003 of 21.12.36.
(ii) General Warrant.-Signed by the Governor on 4th January, 1937.
- A (2) 5
(iv) Quarterly Returns of Additional Provision.
1st Quarter-Financial Messages Nos. 1 and 2. 7, approved by Secretary of State vide despatch No. June, 1937.
2nd Quarter-Financial Messages Nos. 3-5. approved by Secretary of State vide despatch No. September, 1937.
Items 1- 222 of 17th
Items 8-36 386 of 21st
Items 37-63
3rd Quarter-Financial Messages Nos. 6-7. approved by Secretary of State vide despatch No. 492 of 29th November, 1937.
4th Quarter-Financial Messages Nos. 8-10. Items 64- 176 approved by Secretary of State vide despatch No. 598 of 25th May, 1938.
4th Quarter. (Supplementary).-Financial Messages No. 1- 2. Items 177-205. Not yet approved by the Secretary of State.
(v) All items included in the Financial Messages referred to above were covered by Special Warrants and received the Sanction of the Legislature.
(vi) Supplementary Appropriation Ordinance ($774,321.44) (No. 7 of 1938) covering all excesses on Heads, was passed by the Legislature on 28th July, 1938, and received the Governor's assent. Notice of non-disallowance has not yet been received from the Secretary of State.
25. Loan Expenditure. 31% Dollar Loan 1934. (Ordin- ance No. 11 of 1934).
The total net expenditure incurred during 1937 which is chargeable to this loan is $1,057,215.67.
26. Since the date of the previous Audit Annual Report transfers between items detailed in the Schedule, in accord- ance with Section 3 (2), of the Ordinance, were made on the following occasions:-
(1) First Revision.-Sanctioned by Legislature on 26th May, 1937. Approved by Secretary of State vide Telegram No. 76 dated 9th April, 1937.
(2) Second Revision.-Sanctioned by Legislature on 29th September, 1937. Approved by Secretary of State vide his Telegram No. 280 of 24th December, 1937.
(3) Third Revision.-Sanctioned by Legislature on 7th
July, 1938.
of State.
Not yet approved by Secretary
Ă (2) 6
27. Authorities for 31% "Dollar Loan" Expenditure, 1937.
The total actual expenditure incurred during the year 1937 under the items detailed in the Schedule has been covered as follows:-
(1) $1,673,731.37 by Resolution of the Legislature on 29th September, 1937. Approved by Secretary of State vide Telegram No. 280 of 24th December, 1937, and
(2) $50,454.49 being excess expenditure on the Gorge Dam received the approval of the Legislature on 7th July, 1938. Secretary of State's approval not yet seen.
28. Expenditure on additional works to be charged to a Proposed New Loan.
On the 29th September, 1937 the Legislative Council passed a Resolution approving the carrying out of certain additional works at an estimated total cost of $3,396,000 of which $176,000 would be chargeable to the accounts of the current year. It was agreed that the expenditure should in the first instance be charged as advances from the Colony's Surplus Funds pending the raising of a loan. The Secretary of State's approval for the above was obtained vide his telegram No. 280 of 24th December, 1937.
29. The actual expenditure to the 31st December, 1937, on these works was $56,783.30.
E.—AUTHORITIES FOR EXpenditure 1936.
30. Recurrent.-Notice of non-disallowance of the Supple- mentary Appropriation Ordinance in respect of expenditure for the year 1936 (Ordinance No. 10 of 1937) was published vide Government Notice No. 787 in Gazette No. 52 of 5th November, 1937.
31. Loan Expenditure.
An excess expenditure of $239,103.69 in 1936 on Head 2, Shing Mun Valley Water Scheme-b (3) Gorge Dam, which was reported by the Director of Colonial Audit to the Secretary of State as not having been authorized by the Legislature, has now received the covering approval of that body by a Resolu- tion on 7th July, 1938.
32. All 1936 expenditure is therefore now covered by the requisite authorities.
F.-COLLECTION OF REVENUE.
33. As far as has been ascertained the systems employed for the collection of revenue have proved generally to be satis- factory, and moneys becoming due to Government are being promptly and efficiently collected.
·A (2) 7-
34. Royalties payable by Transport Companies.
Head 9. Miscellaneous Receipts. Under Licences issued by Government to certain private Transport Companies, royalties or percentages become payable, which are based upon the gross annual receipts of the companies concerned. For the purpose of verifying the accuracy of the payments made, monthly statements of gross receipts and royalty payments, each certified by a firm of Auditors approved by Government, are submitted to the Accountant-General.
35. For a considerable time, however, the Auditor's certi- ficates in respect of the returns rendered by one Company have been qualified owing to the non-production for audit of an essential book of account viz. a Cash Book. The matter is receiving the attention of Government.
36. Arrears of Revenue.
According to returns rendered by Departments, the total arrears of revenue, as at 31st December, 1937, amounted to $302,635.71 of which $291,550.22 was collected by the 31st March, 1938. The previous years' figures were $676,542.43 and $513,126.93 respectively. The 1937 figures therefore shew a substantial improvement when compared with those for 1936.
37. Of the 1937 arrears the sum of $3,599.52 has been either written off or cancelled, leaving a balance outstanding as at 31st March, 1938 of only $7,485.97, as against $53,571.42 at the same date last year.
38. A detailed statement, showing the arrears of each class of revenue as at 31st December, 1937, and the 31st March, 1938 respectively, appears as Appendix C to this report.
39. "Writing off" of Revenue.
Under General Order 296 (2) the Treasurer is authorized to write off arrears of revenue not exceeding $50 in each case, but it has been brought to notice by Audit that hospital fees, and in some instance fines, have been written off by the officers responsible for their collection; and that the requisite authority for this could not be traced. The matter has now been referred to the Secretary of State.
G.-EXPENDITURE.
40. The control over expenditure appears generally to be satis- factory. It was however necessary on one occasion, for audit to bring to notice that the estimated provision for the cost of postage stamps had been considerably exceeded, and, contrary to the provisions of Colonial Regulation No. 265 (b), it was not until several months after the excess expenditure had been included in the accounts that steps were taken to obtain the
Appendix "C"
A (2) 8 -
requisite sanction for it. The explanation given was that the application for a supplementary vote had been postponed until the exact amount of the final excess could be more accurately ascertained, but that in future more prompt action would be taken to obtain sanction for an excess over any sum voted by the Legislature.
41. A Cincular (No. 3 of 11th January, 1938) has recently been issued by Government, regarding the control of expendi- ture, which "inter alia" draws the attention of Heads of Departments to the necessity for obtaining prior approval for all expenditure, and also prohibits them, without first obtaining approval, from entering into any commitment which may be likely to cause an immediate or future excess on a vote having regard to the expenditure that would normally have to be met from it.
42. Awards of Pensions and Gratuities.
The calculations of awards of Civil and Police Pensions and Gratuities made under the laws of the Colony, and also Pensions payable under the Widows' and Orphans' Pensions Ordinance (No. 15 of 1908) have been verified by Audit.
43. Losses of Public Money.
The following losses of Public Money were reported during the year:
(1) Loss by robbery of a bag containing cash and cheques intended for the payment of salaries of the staff of the Victoria Hospital. The Secretary of State approved of the write off af the cash loss viz. $1,074.30.
(2) The sum of $358.74 was found missing from the safe of a Shroff employed in the Public Works Department. The amount of the shortage was transferred from the Shroff's deposit account, and Government agreed that the resulting de- ficiency in his security should be restored by means of contribu- tions from salary at the rate of $30.00 a month. No charge to Public funds was therefore necessary.
(3) An office attendant absconded with $12.00 with which he was instructed to pay a bill for advertising. A warrant for his arrest was issued and the loss was written off under the authority of Government.
were
(4) Defalcations by a shroff employed in the Radio Branch of the Post Office, resulting in 12 loss to Government of $4,461.12, came to light during the year. The frauds reported to the Secretary of State who gave his approval for the "write off" (vide C. O. Despatch No. 455 of 29.4.37). This fraud is also referred to in paragraph 36 of the 1936 Audit Report.
A (2) 9
44. Expenditure on Secret Service.
In accordance with instructions issued by the Governor, to which the Acting Auditor raised no objection, expenditure under Head 20. Sub-head 28 Secret Service" is now being accepted
on the certificate of the Commissioner of Police.
45. Military Contribution.
The amount payable to the Military Authorities under Ordinances No. 1 of 1901 and 43 of 1935 has been verified by Audit, a statement showing how the amount is arrived at is attached (Enclosure N.). The assessment for the year 1937 is $5,662,767.81 as compared with $5,166,629.38 for the previous
year.
46. Public Debt.
H.-LOAN ACCOUNTS.
The Public Debt of the Colony as at 31st December, 1937, amounted to $17,158,000.
47. The 4% Conversion Bonds (Ordinance No. 15 of 1933) amounted to $4,838,000 while the market value of the invest- ments of the accumulated Sinking Fund at the end of the year totalled £54,325-6-11d. The Sinking Fund accounts maintained locally have been checked with the accounts rendered by the Crown Agents.
48. The amount outstanding on account of the Hong Kong 31% Dollar Loan raised under Ordinance No. 11 of 1934 was reduced to $12,320,000; Bonds to the value of $560,000 having been redeemed during the year in accordance with Section 5 of the Ordinance.
49. The cancelled bonds and interest coupons due to the redemption were checked by the Audit Department, while the interest paid to Bond-holders was supported by the Surrendered Coupons which were forwarded for Audit.
50. Shing Mun Valley Water Scheme.
The $50,000 Imprest which had been issued to the Resident Engineer, and which was referred to in paragraph 26 of the Audit Report for 1936, was closed on the 1st April, 1937, and thereafter all payments that became necessary were made by the Treasurer.
51. The manner in which the Construction Plant and surplus stores, which had been purchased for the scheme, were being disposed of after its completion, has on more than one occasion been the subject of adverse comment by Audit. It was contended by this department that, on the completion of the works, all the plant and stores should have been taken over
A (2) 10-
immediately by the Public Works Department, and that that Department should have assumed complete responsibility for their custody and the accounting for of receipts from sales.
52. Further the arrangement which permitted the Resident Engineer, to dispose of the plant, which was of considerable value, on a commission basis, and without requiring any Gov- ernment department to exercise supervision and control over the matter is, in the opinion of Audit, open to objection. It is also contrary to the usual Government method of disposal of surplus stores. It must also be noted that after the scheme had been completed the Resident Engineer could in no sense be considered a Government official.
53. The apparent failure to issue in the first instance any special instructions regarding the method of accounting for moneys received from sales was unfortunate. That definite ac- counting instructions were necessary, and close supervision was desirable, became evident after certain accounting irregularities regarding the disposal of proceeds of the sales of plant had been accidently disclosed during an audit of the Imprest Account.
54. The first move in the taking over of the plant by Government was apparently made in January of the present year, when Audit was informed that it would be transferred to the Public Works Department, but that the Resident Engineer would retain first call on it for remedial work which it had been found necessary to undertake at the Pineapple Pass Dam. It was also stated that he would continue to have the right to sell plant on commission provided that no sales at less than catalogue prices were effected without Government approval.
55. At a later date however Government for various reasons considered it advisable to defer its transfer to the Public Works Department.
56. A question regarding the apparent non-payment of hire charges for a derrick forming part of the Shing Mun plant, which it appears was loaned some time ago by the Resident Engineer to a private company, has not yet been explained to the satisfaction of Audit.
57.
I.-STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES.
The excess of Assets over liabilities at the
31st December, 1937 was
As compared with at the end of the
previous year
$ 14,002,278.11
12,917,132.29
Showing an increase of
$ 1,085,145.82
A (2) 11
-
58. Assets.
Cash $1,547,810.91.-This sum was composed of Bank balances totalling $1,519,834.35 and cash balances held by the undermentioned departments:-
Accountant-General
Medical
Supreme Court
Official Receiver
59. Verification of Cash Balances etc.
$27,462.79
400.25
.51
53.01
(a) Bank Certificates have been produced in support of the balances of the various Bank Accounts, but no Cash Certi-
ficates other than those rendered by the Heads of the depart- ments concerned have been seen for the Cash Balances held in the offices of the last three departments mentioned in the, previous paragraph. The reason for this is that Boards had not been appointed to survey the cash of these departments at the close of the year.
(b) In the case of the Accountant-General's department the Members of the Board appointed to survey the balances omitted to record, on the certificate rendered, the amount of cash found, although they reported it correct.
60. The existence of the Cash Balances and Sinking Fund Investments etc. held by the Crown Agents has been verified with the certified statement received from the Comptroller and Auditor-General.
61. Fixed Deposits.
The receipts obtained from
from the Banks for amounts appearing under this head have been examined by Audit.
62. Advances Miscellaneous. ($220,148.51).
This shows an increase of $145,703.05 over the 1936 figures, the difference being more than accounted for by the sum of $154,450.24 which is shown as outstanding under the heading "Shanghai Refugee Committee." There is however a sum of $14,117.37, being recoveries from Refugees, which appears in the Colony's accounts as a "Deposit" and therefore may be set off against the above advance account. The net sum advanced on behalf of Shanghai Refugees is recoverable from the Imperial Government.
63. It has been verified that no advances have been out- standing for an unduly long period. A detailed statement of advances is attached. (Enclosure E.)
64. Advances-Pending Re-imbursement from a proposed new loan. ($56,783.30).
A (2) 12-
The above represents the amount expended on additional works the cost of which it is proposed to meet from a new loan. The authority for the expenditure is given in paragraph 28 of this report.
65. Building Loans. ($337,922.63).
This represents the outstanding amount of loans, mostly to Government officials, made for the purpose of building their own residences. The balance of this account at the end of the previous year was $846,060.70. The greater part of the reduc- tion is due to the repayment of a loan of $500,000.
66. Trade Loan Outstanding ($295,493.00).
A statement (Enclosure M.) giving details of the Trade Loans outstanding as at 31st December, 1937 is attached. These Lcans are secured by mortgages to Government, but it will be observed that the total amount of the unpaid loans is more than covered by the Trade Loan Reserve. The latter amounted to $336,689.27 on the same date, although the sum of $500,000 was transferred from Reserve to Revenue (Head 9 Miscellaneous Receipts) in June, 1937, as provided for in the 1937 Estimates. Reference to a proposed transfer from Trade Loan Reserves was made in paragraph 11 of the 1935 Audit Report and is also dealt with in the Director of Colonial Audit's better No. 3458/1 of 22.10.37. The amount of Trade Loan interest outstanding on 31st December, 1937 was $110,548.69 as compared with $112,748.69 at the end of the previous year.
67. Unallocated Stores (P.W.D.) ($486,938.40).
The book value of these stores at the end of the previous year was $529,595.63. A statement (Enclosure K) showing how reconciliation has been effected between the balance of this account in the books of the Accountant-General, and that shown in the Public Works Department records, is submitted herewith. This statement, and also the Stock Sheets, have been verified by Audit.
68. Maximum balance of Public Work Department Stock.
In a despatch, No. 113 of 17th March, 1937, the Secretary of State approved of a sum of $700,000 being fixed for the year 1937 as the standard stock of the Public Works Department, other than for stores allocated for particular works.
69. Unallocated Stores (Railway) ($121,552.45).
The maximum standard stock fixed for the Kowloon-Canton Railway (British Section) is $175,000 (Secretary of State's despatch No. 255 of 30th June, 1933) and this figure was not exceeded in 1937. A statement showing how reconciliation has been effected between the amount shown in the Accountant- General's books and the departmental records is forwarded (Enclosure L). This statement, also the Stock Sheets, have been examined by Audit,
- A (2) 13
70. Note Issue Account-($3,513,870.42).
Nickel Coinage Account ($1,678,854.57).
The existence of these assets has been verified by audit. Of the balance, of the Nickel Coinage account the sum of $1,290,336.81 was invested, the securities being held by the Crown Agents for the Colonies.
71. These investments were revalued in accordance with Colonial Regulation 275. The revaluation showed a net-loss of £26. which was met from the "Nickel Coinage Security Fund.”
72. Deposits:-
LIABILITIES.
Contractors and Officers Deposits Insurance Companies
Mascelaneous Deposits.
$447,749.26
1,563,341.62
1,339,709.71
$3,350,800.59
A Statement (Enclosure F), prepared by the Accountant- General, which supplies details of the balances of the individual accounts from which the above totals are arrived at, is submitted.
and Ac-
73. Deposits-Reconciliation of departmental and countant-General's balances.
The following items included in the statements of deposits have each been reconciled with departmental records by one of the following methods:-
(a) Austracting balances shown in departmental records and comparing their totals with Treasury figures. This was done by Audit.
(0) Comparison with detailed statements rendered by
departments at the request of audit.
(c) Reconcizations made by departments at Audit request. Statements signed by Heads of Departments concerned certifying the correctness of the balances have been accepted by Audit.
Official Receiver:
Bankruptcy Account
Companies Liquidation A/c.
Registrar, Supreme Court:
Official Administrator
Official Trustee Suitors' Fund
$ 4,180.89
4,519.59
13,862.20
23,882.47
13,384.50
A (2) 14-
Official Receiver:
Bankruptcy A/c. (bearing interest)
$62,753.42
Companies Liquidation A/c. (bearing
interest)
97,132.95
Bankruptcy
29,923.62
Deposits bearing interest:
Contractors
Goverment Servants
Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous Deposits
Security A/c non-Railway staff
265,218.00
182,531.26
87,005.43
199,813.13
86,882.99
57.80
Security A/c.. Railway Staff
Water Consumption & Meter Rent Deposits:
Hong Kong
Kowloon & N. T.
Tender Deposits
Box Holders Deposits Post Office
Clerks, Shroffs & Postmen's Securities
Customs duties on parcels
Drainage and Street and Lane Surface
Estate of Deceased Policemen
Fire Brigade Motor Drivers Securities Footpath & Drain Connections General Works Miscellaneous Imprest of Private Street etc. Kowloon Tong Water Supply Land Sales Deposits Military Pill Boxes
Military Roads etc. Military
"1
13
Military Works etc.
Police Benevolent Fund
Police Dental Treatment
78,370.00
66,747.47
7,755.00
2,070.20
173.00 1,857.53
5,947.17
14,073.09
•
524.00
10,430.77
6,941.81
1,838.55
8,117.33
2,000.00
2,000.00
2,000.00
5,987.93
627.64
3,543.02
Police Officers Securities
Service Connection etc.
Wireless School Fees, Deposits
Family Remittances
Military Demolition Chamber
Drainage Extension and Connections
Approach Road to Tsum Wan etc.
374.00 4,796.50
243.28
187.36
20.00
25,478.67
1,100.00
1,134.73
2,686.20
74. Deposits-Insurance Companies. ($1,563,341.62).
In accordance with Ordinances No. 11 of 1907 and No. 32 of 1917. Insurance Companies operating in the Colony are required to deposit certain securities with the Registrar. The
- A (2) 15-
sum mentioned above represents merely the value of Fixed Deposit receipts so lodged, and appears on both sides of the Colony's Balance Sheet, but it is doubtful whether this inclusion is really necessary. On the other hand the fact that securities have been lodged with the Crown Agents by Local Banks as security for their Note Issues, is not shown by the Balance Sheet.
75. Transfer of Deposits to revenue.
With reference to Colonial Regulation No. 330 it was sug- gested by audit that all Deposits under the control of Depart- ments should be scrutinized at the close of each financial year and that any balance which could not be considered a liability to the Colony should be transferred to revenue. The Treasurer replied that this would be done.
76. Praya East Reclamation ($108,280.35).
This liability represents the cost of work still to be com- pleted.
77. Exchange Adjustment. ($23,934.73).
This has been verified by audit. It represents the difference between the cost price, of sums placed in the Joint Colonial Fund and on an Imprest of £150 held in Australia, and the December Exchange Rate.
J.-STORES ACCOUNTS.
78. Manner in which the accounts have been kept.
The stores accounts of the Colony have generally been kept in a satisfactory manner and call for little comment.
79. Boards of Survey.
In accordance with Colonial Regulation 344, the usual Annual Boards of Survey were held after the close of the year to inspect and report on all Government Stores. No major dis- crepancies were reported.
80. Losses of Stores by theft.
A number of cases were reported during the year in which small items of Government property had been lost by theft. Where it was considered the persons responsible for their custody had taken insufficient care to prevent such losses their salaries were surcharged.
81. Medical Stores.
The accounts of the main Medical Store have for a number of years been reported on adversely by audit, and although the system employed has on more than one occasion been revised,
A (2) 16
results have not been up to expectations. A recent inquiry into the system in force revealed it to be most cumbersome and unsatisfactory, and it was also found that the records kept by the Apothecary in respect of drugs received by him for compounding mixtures etc. were found to be quite inadequate to ensure proper control, or to allow of a satisfactory check being made by audit. These stores accounts were also referred to in paragraph 44 of the Audit Report for the year 1936.
82. Draft regulations for the medical store, intended to improve the existing system of accounting and to provide for better control, have been drawn up by the Auditor. The department concerned is giving the matter suitable attention.
83. Local Purchases of Drugs, etc.
It would appear also that the quantity of drugs etc. purchased locally is unnecessarily large and that local purchases might be reduced considerably by means of better organisation.
84. Local Purchases of Motor Vehicles.
As
the
The necessity for the local purchase of a motor vehicle for the Hong Kong Volunteer Force was questioned by Audit. a question of principle was involved the matter was referred to the Colonial Office, and after further correspondence on subject the Secretary of State laid down conditions under which local purchases would be permitted, but stipulated that in all cases a tender should in the first instance be called for from the Crown Agents.
K.-GENERAL.
85. Exchange Fund Accounts.
These accounts have been examined by the Audit Depart- ment to the 31st December, 1937, the results being entirely satisfactory. The Balance Sheet as at that date has been transmitted by Government to the Secretary of State.
86. At the end of the year Certificates of Indebtedness amounted to $182,319,502, which is equivalent to £11,394,969 at the rate of 1s. 3d. to the Hong Kong Dollar. The total assets of the Fund at the same date amounted to £12,313,938-12-4d. which was composed of cash, placed on deposit in London at call or short notice, totalling £4,493,605-1-7d. (36.5% of the total) and Investments valued at £7,820,333-10-9d. (63.5%).
87. The existence of the above assets has been verified by the Controller and Auditor General whose certificate has been examined by audit and agreed with the local records.
88. Currency Accounts.
The accounts and records maintained in connection with the issue of Currency Notes (authorized under Ord. 42 of 1935) and Nickel and Subsidiary coinage have been subjected to audit by this Department.
A (2) 17
89. In accordance with Colonial Office despatch of 16th December, 1936 draft Currency Rules were drawn up and sub- mitted to the Secretary of State for approval vide Hong Kong despatch No. 762 of 22nd December, 1937. These Rules were considered by the Secretary of State to be generally satisfactory, but certain points of detail have yet to be settled.
90. The destruction of Currency Notes, which is carried out by a Board of Officers specially appointed for that purpose, was usually witnessed also by a member of the Audit Depart- ment.
91. Official Trustee's Accounts.
In order to remedy what Audit considered to be a long standing accounting defect in the books of the Official Trustee, new ledger accounts of Trusts were opened and an Investment ledger was introduced as from the beginning of the year.
92. China Company Fees.
A local audit examination of the Registrar of Companies. Accounts at Shanghai covering the period July 1986-April, 1938 has recently been carried out. The net revenue accruing from this source, exclusive of the revenue derived from Stamp fees, for the year amounted to $165,703, as compared with $170,966 for the previous year. No Audit Officer visited Shanghai during 1937 owing to difficult conditions prevailing there at that time.
93. Hospital Fee Deposits.
An improved procedure for the accounting of deposits on account of Hospital fees les recently been introduced.
94. Programme of Work.
With the exception of the final Division Sheets of the Kowloon-Canton Railway for the last quarter of 1937 and a few minor Post Office accounts, all of which are not yet available for audit, the Programme of Work as approved by the Director of Colonial Audit has been completed. There has been material departure from the approved Programme.
95. Local Audit Inspections.
In addition to the routine examinations of accounts (includ- ing store accounts) at departmental headquarters, a surprise inspection has been made of cash balances and stamp stocks etc. at all Government offices in the Colony.
96. A continuous audit has been maintained on the accounts of the Railway, Harbour Master, Imports and Exports Depart- ment, and the Public Works Department (Unallocated Stores), as well as on the accounts of the Accountant-General.
- A (2) 18
97. Post Office-Specimen Stamps.
Specimen postage stamps of British possessions and of foreign countries belonging to the Postal Union, which are sent to the Postmaster-General from time to time by the authorities at Berne, have now been classified and mounted in albums. In accordance with instructions from the Director of Colonial Audit these stamps and albums will be subjected to audit examination.
L.-OUTSTANDING QUESTIONS ON 1936 REPORT.
non-
98. Estate Duty.-With reference to paragraph 37 of the 1936 Audit Report, regarding acquisition by Government of a property in lieu of payment of Estate Duty and the recording of the transaction in the Colony's accounts, it appears that no progress has been made with regard to the sale of the property in question. The assessed duty on the estate amounted to $20,384 and the corresponding revenue head has not yet received credit for this sum. The matter has again been brought to the notice of Government..
99. Suspense Accounts. Shing Mun Locomotives.
The detailed statement of Suspense accounts as at the 31st December, 1936 which was submitted with the Audit Report for the year 1936, included a Debit balance of $609.62 in respect of the above. This represented expenditure held in Suspense incurred in reconditioning locomotives, ex Shing Mun plant, which were taken over by the Railway. The account was ad- justed in January 1937, the Resident Engineer in charge of the scheme accepting the debit.
100. Audit Report 1936.
The Audit Report for the year 1936 was laid before the Legislature on the 15th December, 1937.
101. Outstanding questions not affecting the accounts.
There are no outstanding questions of importance, other than those mentioned in the report, which do not affect the accuracy of the accounts.
102. Kowloon-Canton Railway.
A copy of the Manager's report for 1937 of the British Section of the Kowloon Canton Railway which was received by Auditor on 28th July, 1938, is forwarded (Enclosure R.). The accounts have been regularly rendered and satisfactorily kept.
103. The final division sheets of Through and Joint Sectional Traffic Receipts have been audited to the end of September, 1937. These have been accepted by both adminis- trations.
- A (2) 19-
104. The October Division Sheets have only recently been received from Canton and have therefore not yet been submitted for audit, while those for November and December have not yet been received. The delay in rendering these statements can be attributed to the difficulties which have to be contended with by the Cantonese Authorities.
105. Surveys of the Cash Balances etc. at the
at the Railway Head Office, Railway Stations, and Stores, were made during the year and call for no comment..
revenue as
106. It was brought to notice by Audit that in some cases money owing to the Railway had been treated as soon as it had been earned, but in the other cases it had not been treated as revenue, until collected. It has now been agreed that all revenue will be credited in the Railway ledgers when earned, thus enabling a complete reconciliation to be made with cash payments and amounts outstanding.
107. The net profit on the Operating Account of the Railway for the year was $436,935.30 while that for the previous year amounted to $454,733.00. This shows a reduction of $17,798.00 as compared with 1936, but is due to the fact that $80,883.12, being the extent of the damage caused to the Railway by the Typhoon of September 1987, was charged to the Operating Account of the year 1937.
O. MISCELLANEOUS.
108. New Form of Colonial Accounts.
It
The new system of Colonial Government Accounting as described in Colonial Circular despatch of 25th November, 1937, has not yet been adopted by the Hong Kong Government. is understood that the matter is under correspondence with the Secretary of State.
109. Staff.
Mr. P. L. Colisson, O.B.E. Auditor proceeded on leave on 20th March, 1937, and retired on pension as from 26th November, 1937.
Mr. T. Dakin, acted as Auditor from 20th March, 1937 to 26th April, 1938.
28th July, 1938.
A. POLLARD,
Auditor.
Appendix A.
List of Errors of Classification revealed too late for adjustment in 1937.
ACTUAL ALLOCATION.
Query No.
1937.
Amount
Revenue or
Head No.
$
Expenditure
72 R.
150.00
Revenue
CORRECT ALLOCATION.
Title.
Revenue or
Expenditure
Head No.
Title.
7
Rent of Government Property Revenue Sub-Head Quarries.
4
70 R.
3.00
Revenue
Post Office-Postage.
Revenue
48 E.
27.56
Expenditure
28/42
Miscellancons Service Sub-Expenditure
21/6
Head Stationery, Prison Dept.
Fees of Court (A) Fees. Sub-Head Earth & Stone.
Fees of Court (A) Fees. Deeds Registration.
Prisons-Clothing for Prisoners,
50 E.
3.00
Expenditure Cr. 21/8
Prisons, Sub-liead Fuel.
Expenditure Cr. 21/21 Prisons-Transport.
All the above have been admitted by the Accountant-General.
A. POLLARD,
Auditor.
A (2) 20 -
7. 6. 38.
A (2) 21
Appendix "B".
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING QUERIES.
Query Number.
Date first issued.
Subject
Department Concerned
51 E
53
333
18. 3. 38
21. 4. 38
Incorrect Acting Pay
Incorrect Rent Allowance
Imports & Exports.
Medical Dept.
40 R
15. 11. 37
61
26. 1. 38
69
12. 2. 38
38
80
2. 5. 38
88
16. 6. 38
90
90
11. 7. 38
Discrepancies in Air Mail
Charges
Receipt not issued for
fine
irregular syste.n re Ping
Shan Memorial
Gunpowder Storage Fee-
unsupported by voucher
Omission of Rent Roll Items from Statement of Collections
Details of Deposit Secur- ity Account of non Pailway Staff on An- nual Statement
General Post Office.
Kowloon Magistracy.
District Office North.
Harbour Dept.
District Office, North.
Kowloon Canton
Railway.
A. POLLARD,
Auditor.
12. 7. 38.
Appendix C.
COLONY OF HONG KONG.
Detailed Statement of Outstanding Revenue for the Year, 1937.
Heads and Sub-Heads.
1.-DUTIES.
Import Duty on Motor Spirit
2.-PORT & HARBOUR DUES.
Light Dues
Buoy Dues
3.-LICENCES & INTERNAL REVENUE NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFIED.
Arrears on
31.12.37.
Collected
up to
31.3.38.
Amount Written off as Irrecoverable.
Amount
cancelled.
Balance
Outstanding.
Remarks.
567.30
567.30
14,126.95
2,220.00
14,126.95
2,220.00
1.17 Warrant issued. 94.50
(A) Licences.
Chinese Passenger Ship
Forestry, N. T.
Ga.ne
Liquor
Miscellaneous
75.00
75.00
361.20
294.20
67.00
125.00
125.00
228.33
228.33
155.00
118.00
37.00
Pawnbrokers
500.00
500,00
Vehicles, Other
16.00
16.00
(B) Internal Revenue,
Assessed Taxes (Rates) (New Territories) Water Excess Supply & Meter Rents
24,790.70
24,050.34
6.00
102.36
632.00
602.43
601.26
4,356.80
4,262.30
(C) Fines & Forfeitures.
Fines
777.50
89.00
3.00
Building Covenant Fines
965.82
733.48
49.70
232.34
635.80
Carried forward.
49,868.03
48,007.16
113.00
384.40
1,363.47
— A (2) 22 -
-
Heads and Sub-Heads.
Appendix C,-Contd.
Collected
Arrears on
31.12.37.
up to
31.3.38.
Amount
Written off as Irrecoverable.
Amount
Outstanding.
Remarks.
cancelled.
Balance
$
ོ
$
$
49,868.03
48,007.16
113.00
384.40
1,363,47
Brought forward..
4. FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES, AND
REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID:—
(A) Fees.
Air Services
556.00
556.00
Analysis
700.00
700.00
Boundary Stones & Survey Fees
3,286.00
2,658.00
628.00 Fees for boundary stones not met will be collected by the Land Officer at the time of issuing the Crown Leases.
44.10 $33.90 paid on 6.4.38.
Ce nctery
89.00
89.00
Court
44.10
Engagement and Discharge of Seamen
1,550.35
1,550.35
Medical Examination of Emigrants
5,992.00
5,992.00
Motor Ambulance
5.00
5.00
Official Signatures
5.00
Registry
:
28.00
28.00
Sunday Cargo-working Permits
2,062.50
1,862.50
5.00
200.00
Survey of Steam-launches
52.50
52.50
Survey of Steam Ships
8,688.75
8,688.75
Watchmen's Ordinance
337.20
337.20
Water Service
595.00
595.00
Carried forward..
73,859.43
71,116.46
118.00
584.40
2,040.57
A (2) 23
Appendix C,-Contd.
Collected
Heads and Sub-Heads.
Arrears on
31.12.37.
up to
31.3.38,
Amount Written off as Irrecoverable.
Amount
cancelled.
Balance
Outstanding.
Remarks.
$
$33
&
$
Brought forward......
73,859.43
71,116.46
118.00
584.40
2,040.57
4.-FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS| FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID:-
(B) Receipts.
Bacteriological Examinations
182.65
182.65
Fumigating and Disinfecting Fees
1,362.32
1,362.32
Medical Treatment
7,241.00
6,399.14
136.19
107.30
598.37 -.80 cts, error cancelled.
(C) Reimbursement in Aid.
Bonded Warehouse Supervision
645 38
645.38
Consultants Fees
805.00
755.00
50.00
(D) Sales.
Prison Industries
48 05
48.05
Publications
2.00
2.00
6. KOWLOON CANTON RAILWAY.
Traffic Receipts Various Sub-heads
275.23 Paid 1st April.
7.-RENT OF GOVERNMENT, PROPERTY LAND AND HOUSES:-
Buildings
Lands Not Leased (Permits for Encroachment &c.)
108,647.34 108,372.11
500.00
500.00
8,063.28
6.247.86
Carried forward..
201,356,45
194,985.59
187.00
491.19
1,628.42
2,965.50
2,914.17
— Ā (2) 24
Heads and Sub-Heads.
Appendix C,-Contd.
Arrears
31.12.37.
Collected
on
up to
31.3.38.
Amount
Written off as Irrecoverable.
Amount
'cancelled.
Balance
Remarks.
Outstanding.
$
$
$
$
$
201,356.45
194,985.59
491.19
2,965.50
2,914.17
7.-RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY
Brought forward..
LAND AND HOUSES:--
Leased Lands (Crown Rent exclusive of N. T.). Leased Lands (Crown Rent, X. T.)
81,563.81
79,353.39
16,777,68
14,355.06
57.50
24.00
2,152.92
2,398.62
Piers
245.00
245.00
Pineapple Land Leases
90.73
29.40
61.33
8.-INTEREST:
374.90
374.90
9.-MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS:-
Overpayments in Previous Years
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
10.-LAND SALES:-
Premia on New Leases
Total
13.79
13.79
2,116.85
2,096.59
20.26
96.50
$302,635.71
96.50
$291,550,22
$552.52
$3,047.00
$7,485.97
The figures for the previous year were
$676,542.43 $513,126.93 $109,844.08
$53,571.42
THE TREASURY,
HONG KONG,
23rd April, 1938.
T. BLACK,
Accountant-General.
A. POLLARD,
Auditor.
18. 7. 38.
- A (2) 25
-:
Appendix B.
REPORT ON THE ASSESSMENT FOR THE
YEAR 1938-1939.
By order of His Excellency the Governor in Council a new valuation of the tenements in Hong Kong, Aplichau, Kowloon and New Kowloon has been made. The new Rateable Value amounts to $35,502,622 as compared with $34,208,734 last year, an increase of $1,293,888 or 3.78 per cent.
2. The following table gives a comparison of the Assessments for the year 1937-1938 and 1938-1939.
District.
Valuation Valuation 1937-1938. 1938-1939.
Inc.
Increase.
%
City of Victoria
20,804,547
21,346,621
542,074
2.61
H. K. Villages
3,572,778
3,828,927
256,149
7.17
Kowloon
New Kowloon
7,704,446 8,118,336
2,126,963 2,208,738
413,890
5.37
81,775
3.84
34,208,734
35,502,622 1,293,888 3.78
3. The increase in the valuation of the City of Victoria compares with a decrease of $506,467 last year, and is due to interim valuations of new and improved property, including notably Holland House, and to some improvement in rateable values.
4. The increase under Hong Kong Villages is due to scat- tered building, storage land and some increase in rateable values. Last year there was an increase of $125,652.
5. In Kowloon the increase compares with a decrease of $35,821 last year. It is due partly to new flats, Chinese tenement houses, godowns and storage land, and partly to improved rateable values.
B 2
6. The increase in New Kowloon compares with an decrease of $18,390 last year, and is due mainly to further building of European dwellings and Chinese tenement houses on the new lay-out near Kowloon City, to factory buildings, and the Chinese tenement houses in Shamshuipo.
7. During the 1937-1938 rating year, refunds of rate were granted for vacant floors of tenements where the owners had elected at the last Annual Valuation to obtain this concession.
8. The number of floors reported and found vacant averaged 842 per month compared with 2,070 last year, while the number of all classes of tenements each under one assessment reported and found vacant averaged 411 per month compared with 936 per month last year. Thus the total vacancies averaged 1,253 per month compared with 3,006 per month last year. For April this year the total number of tenements and floors found vacant was 283 compared with 2,595 last year. This great reduction is due to the influx of refugees from China since August, following the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese hostilities.
9. During the year ending 30th April, 1938, 1,067 Interim Valuations, as compared with 1,283 in the previous year, were made as follows:
:-
CITY OF VICTORIA REST OF COLONY
Rateable No. Value.
No.
Rateable Value.
$
$
New or rebuilt tenements and tenements struc- turally altered
328 785,340 387 519,371
Assessment
cancelled,
tenements. resumed,
pulled down or being
in other respects not rateable
157
474,303 195 201,992
Number and Increase
485
311,037 582 317,379
-B 3-
10. The following comparative statement shows the Rate- able Value of the Colony of Hong Kong from 1928-1929 to 1938-1939 inclusive:
Rateable
As compared with previous year.
Increase. Decrease.
Year.
Value.
$
%
%
Increase. Decrease.
1928-1929 30,395,447|
1929-1930 31,617,566 1,222,119
4.02
1930-1931 33,069,602 1,452,036
4.59
1931-1932 35,071,566 2,001,964
6.04
1932-1933 37,457,725 2,386,159
6.80
1933-1934 38,941,273 1,483,548
3.96
1934-1935 38,641,856,
299,417
0.77
1935-1936 36,374,100|
2,267,756
5.87
1936-1937 34,643,760|
1,730,340
4.76
1937-1938 34,208,734,
435,026
1.26
1938-1939 35,502,622| 1,293,888
3.78
11. In the ten years from 1928-1929 to 1938-1939 the rate- able value of the Colony has increased by $5,107,175 or 16.80 per cent.
12. If the interim valuations are deducted from the new total valuation of the Colony, the increase this year is 1.95 per cent as compared with a decrease of 2.13 per cent last year.
13. The influx of refugees from China has led to a rapid decrease in vacant tenements of all classes. While a few fancy rents have, as a result, been obtained, and the rents of certain classes of property, notably the lower priced European and semi- European types of dwellings, have shown a more or less general increase, the bulk of the Chinese tenement property, both in the City and the outlying districts, has shown little or no increase in rents generally.
B 4
The increase in the rateable value this year shows the turning point in the greatest and most prolonged decrease in rental values that has taken place in the Colony for at least the last fifty years. It is estimated that the fall in rents averaged some 25%, though many rents fell by as much as 50%.
It may be as well to mention here that fancy rents and also rents that are only likely to be maintained temporarily cannot be taken as the basis for assessing rateable values, which have to be based upon the rent at which the tenement might reasonably be expected to let, (under certain conditions), from year to year.
Assessor's Office,
29th April, 1938.
J. RING,
Assessor.
人
Appendix C.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY FOR CHINESE AFFAIRS FOR THE YEAR 1937.
REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
(Tables I to III).
The Government Revenue derived from all sources during the year was $19,530.00 and the Government expenditure was $130,757.37.
2. As is evidenced by the numerous tables attached to this Report, much of the work of the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs is concerned with the administration of funds that may be called semi-official. The Revenue in these cases is in very large part a matter of voluntary subscription by the Chinese Community and outside the Government Estimates, with Expenditure at the discretion of the Department and of the various Committees concerned.
PROTECTION OF WOMEN AND GIRLS.
(Ordinance 2 of 1865)
(Ordinance 6 of 1893)
(Ordinance 4 of 1897)
(Ordinance 1 of 1923)
3. The number of girls reported missing to the Po Leung Kuk during the year was four, none of whom were found.
4. Sixteen girls were put under bond this year, and thirty- one were released from their bonds; the total number of girls under bond at the end of December was thirty-four.
5. The Muitsai Inspectorate consisted of one European male Inspector, and two Chinese Lady Inspectors. The two Lady Inspectors paid a total of 3,103 visits to the homes of registered muitsai, besides doing a great deal of extra work with the European Inspector investigating numerous cases involving unregistered muitsai and other girls. The influx of Chinese. (refugees and others) since the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese war considerably increased the work of the Inspectorate."
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6. At the beginning of the year the number of registered muitsai was 1,584, but by the end of December they had been reduced to 1,396. The 188 cancellations are accounted for as follows:
Died
Absconded
Left Colony permanently
Married
Restored to parents or relatives
Earning their own living
Removed from the register
5
5
'17
32
50
36
23
20
Remaining with the employer as a member
of the family
Fifty of the registered muitsai are attending school, their fees being paid by the employers.
7. Sixty-one persons were prosecuted under the Female Domestic Service Ordinance (1 of 1923) in respect of fifty-eight girls. In all eighty-three charges under this and other enact- ments were preferred as follows:
(1) Ill-treatment of unregistered muitsai
5
(2) Ill-treatment of child under 16 years (3) Common assault
4
4
(4) Keeping an unregistered muitsai
38
(5) Bringing an unregistered muitsai into the Colony. 13
(6) Failing to report the intended removal from the
Colony of a registered muitsai
2
(7) Failing to report change of address of a registered
muitsai
3
(8) Failing to report the intended marriage of a
registered muitsai
9
(9) Failing to report taking into employment of a
registered muitsai
4
(10) Failing to report the death of a registered
muitsai
1
83
Seven cases were discharged, in eight cases
defendants
were cautioned, in six cases defendants were bound over, one case was withdrawn, and one case was remanded 'sine-die'.
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8. At the beginning of the year the former Victoria Home was closed, and the pupils transferred either to the new C.M.S. school 'Heep Yunn', or else to the 'Rural Home and Orphanage' near Taipo. During the year two girls were sent to the Heep Yunn school, four to the Rural Home, and fifteen to the Salva- tion Army Home.
9. From the 2nd to the 13th February a Conference of the Central Authorities in Eastern Countries was held under the auspices of the League of Nations at Bandoeng, Java, on Traffic in Women and Children in the East, at which the Secretary for Chinese Affairs represented the Government of Hong Kong. In March the Majority and Minority Reports of the Muitsai Commission were received. As one result of the Conference and the Reports, applications were invited for a new post of Lady Assistant to the Secretary for Chinese Affairs; it was intended that she should take over administrative charge of all the work concerning the protection of women and girls in this office. In December it was also announced in the leading local English and Chinese newspapers that applications would be received for three extra Lady Inspectors: these had not been. finally chosen by the end of the year.
10. Under the Women and Girls Protection Ordinance (4 of 1897) there were three prosecutions, and five persons were con- victed. There were also seventeen prosecutions, and twenty- nine persons convicted on charges of trafficking in minors (Ordinance 2 of 1865, Offences against the Person).
11. For the first time a lady, Mrs. Tam, has served on the Po Leung Kuk Committee this year. For a fuller account of the Po Leung Kuk work see Annexe A.
EMIGRATION.
(Ordinance 30 of 1915).
(Tables IV and V).
12. The number of Assisted Emigrants was 7,564, as com- pared with 6,242 in 1936.
13. The number of women and children emigrants was 83,539 as compared with 44,443 in 1936.
CHINESE BOARDING HOUSES.
(Ordinance 23 of 1917).
(Table VI).
14. Class V Ku Li Kun was deleted by Government Noti- fication No. 52 of 1936 and Class VI Ku Kung Ngoi U was deleted by Government Notification No. 621 of 1937.
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15. At the end of the year there were 157 Boarding Houses of all classes as against 493 at the end of 1936. During the year 10 new licences were taken out and 7 licences were cancelled.
16. One conviction was obtained under the Ordinance as compared with 4 in 1936.
PERMITS.
(Ordinance 40 of 1932).
(Ordinance 22 of 1919).
17. 3,383 permits to fire crackers were issued, of which 2,644 were for weddings and the remainder for birthdays, shop- openings, etc. Sixty-six permits were issued for theatrical performances.
18. Other permits issued were twenty-five for religious ceremonies and twenty-nine for processions.
REGISTRATION OF BOOKS.
(Ordinance 2 of 1888).
19. Fifty-two books were registered during the year as compared with forty-three in 1936.
REGISTRATION OF NEWSPAPERS.
(Ordinances 25 of 1927 and 1 of 1930).
20. The number of registered Chinese newspapers on December 31st was thirty-nine of which five were registered during the year.
DISTRICT WATCH FORCE.
(Ordinance 23 of 1930).
(Tables VII & VIII).
21. The District Watch Committee met on eleven occasions at the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs. In addition three meetings at which His Excellency the Governor presided were held at Government House. The following gentlemen served on the Committee throughout the year:-
Mr. Li Yau-tsun, C.B.E.
Hon. Sir Shouson Chow, Kt.·
Mr. Wong Iu-tung.
Hon. Dr. R. H. Kotewall, C.M.G., LL.D.
Mr. Li Po-kwai.
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$
Dr. S. W. Tso, C.B.E., LL.D.
Hon. Mr. T. N. Chau, C.B.E.
Hon. Mr. Lo Man-kam.
Mr. Wong Ping-sun.
Mr. Tang Shiu-kin, M.B.E.
Mr. Sum Pak-ming.
Mr. Tam Woon-tong.
22. Messrs. Peter H. Sin and Ng Yiu-wan retired on the expiration of their year of office as ex-Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital and Po Leung Kuk Committees respectively and Mr. W. N. Thomas Tain, as ex-Chairman of the Po Leung Kuk Committee, succeeded to serve on the Committee. The Hon. Dr. Li Shu-fan, on being appointed as a member of the Legis- lative Council, also served on the Committee.
23. The Force was maintained at its full authorised strength namely:-5 Head District Watchmen, 6 Assistant Head District Watchmen, 26 Detectives and 103 Uniformed Men.
24. During the year two members of the Force died and six were dismissed. Recruits were obtained for the eight vacancies.
25. Inspector E. J. Ellis remained in charge throughout the year.
26. The efficiency of the Force in 1937 deserves special mention. Whilst the work as regards both civil inquiries and criminal cases was greatly increased, discipline was well main- tained. The number of successful prosecutions, 2067, was a third more than that of last year, the previous highest. This was entirely due to increases in cases of larceny and receiving, the aggregate of other cases remaining practically stationary.
27. Comparative figures of all cases for the last three years are attached (Table VIII).
28. There was a large increase in civil inquiries, owing chiefly to the demand for passport visas consequent on the Sino- Japanese War and to applications for certificates of nationality for Hong Kong born British seamen born in Victoria or Kowloon.
29. During the Coronation the Force did good work in arresting pickpockets and other thieves. A letter of appreciation for its services in this connection was received from His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.
30. Discipline was good. There were 6 dismissals as com- pared with 3 and 12 in 1936 and 1935 respectively and 52 departmental reports as compared with 47 and 75 in the same
years. One first class, two second class, and three third class medals for long service were awarded, and three men received special commendation.
TUNG WAH HOSPITAL AND MAN MO TEMPLE.
(Tables IX to XIV).
(Ordinances 31 of 1930 & 10 of 1908).
31. The following gentlemen served on the Committee for 1937:
Mr. Chau Shiung,
Dr. Li Cho-yau,
Mr. Kong Chi-nai,
Mr. Chan Lai-chan,
Mr. Lam Pat-nam,
Mr. Li Shau-nam,
Mr. Fung Tsz-ying,.
Mr. Wong Ching-yau,
Mr. Sin Hon-yat,
Mr. Tong Yau-chun,
Mr. Lam Yuen-fong.
32. A detailed report on the medical work of the Hospital, by the Visiting Medical Officer, will be found in Annexe B.
33. The typhoon which occurred in the night of September 1st-2nd, caused much suffering especially among the boat population and in the villages where the type of building is less substantial than in the city. About 2,000 boats were sunk or badly damaged. Losses of boats and personal property in respect of which claims were allowed totalled over $210,000.
34. The Tung Wah Hospital undertook the work of relief and raised nearly $9,800 by voluntary subscriptions including $4,600 realised by a flag day and $470 from a fund opened for the purpose by the South China Morning Post.
35. Grants of over $20,500 of which Government con- tributed $10,885, were made to sufferers. Further sums of $4,115, making $15,000 in all, were granted by Government towards similar claims put forward by the District Officer North and to cover further claims which might come in.
I
I
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36. Shortly after the start of the Sino-Japanese War move- ments for the relief of war sufferers started in the Colony. Organisations sponsored by responsible people were first in the field and permission to circulate collection books and to solicit subscriptions in the streets was granted to several of these. Unknown and irresponsible organisations, however, quickly appeared and the use of public places for collection by such organisations had to be prohibited. Applicants in such were informed of the existing facilities for relief subscription provided by the Tung Wah Hospital.
BREWIN CHARITY FUND.
(Tables XV and XVI).
-
37. The formation of this Fund was suggested by Mr. A. W. Brewin, Registrar-General 1901-1912, for the assistance of widows and orphans, and of disabled workmen. A considerable sum was collected for the purpose in 1910 and in October 1911 a formal Trust Deed was signed laying down the conditions for the administration of the Fund. The Tung Wah Hospital was made trustee of the Fund.
38. The full objects of the Fund as set out in the Deed are to provide for the benefit of any Chinese widows and orphans resident in the Colony who may become destitute and of Chinese workmen employed in the Colony who may become incapacitated for work by reason of old age or sickness or who may have been permanently disabled by any accident.
CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.
(See Annexe B and Tables XVII to XXI).
WANCHAI MATERNITY HOSPITAL.
(See Annexe B).
CHINESE PERMANENT CEMETERY.
(Table XXII).
CHINESE RECREATION GROUND.
(Table XXIII).
39. The Chinese Recreation Ground in Hollywood Road is controlled by a Committee consisting of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs as Chairman and the Chinese Members of the Executive and Legislative Councils.-
.
40. The Ground consists of a large concrete-surfaced open space which contains several pavilions and is bordered by sixty substantially-built stalls or rather small shops which are let by
- C 8
tender to refreshment caterers, barbers, book-sellers, letter- writers, etc., and the income, when expenses have been deducted, is devoted to Chinese charities.
In the typhoon of September 2nd, slight damage was done to eighteen stalls.
YAUMATI PUBLIC SQUARE.
(Table XXIV).
41. The Yaumati Public Square is also administered by the Chinese Recreation Ground Committee on the same lines as the Chinese Recreation Ground. The Chief difference is that there is no open space, the whole of the Square being occupied by stalls, fifty-nine in all, most of which sell cooked food.
PASSAGE MONEY FUND.
(Table XXV).
TRANSLATION.
42. The total number of translations made in the Depart- ment during 1937 was 969 as compared with 875 in 1936. 659 of these were from Chinese into English and 310 from English into Chinese. In addition a large number of translations made in other Government departments were sent to this office for
revision.
LABOUR.
General.
43. Large numbers of skilled and semi-skilled labourers have been absorbed into the heavy industries the prosperity of which was maintained throughout the year except for the building trades where there was a slight setback. Along with this there naturally followed the absorption of unskilled labour.
44. There has also been great demand for casual labourers principally for loading and unloading ships.
45. The building trades have not had a very full year. There have been no large building projects apart from the com- pletion of Stanley prison and Queen Mary Hospital.
46. Mention should be made of the road making gangs which have been busily employed, mostly on War Department work.
47. Unfortunately the latter part of the year saw a large influx of male labourers who will remain unemployed until they are able to return to China.
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48. The employment of women stood at an even higher level than that of men, as prosperity was most marked in the light industries where the majority of employees are women. Most of the factories run by female labour are unable to accommodate any more workers.
49. Unemployment among New Territory seamen continued at about the same level as last year. Some relief was afforded by the development of the Marsman Mining Concession at Shing Mun, and by the increased activity of the Hume Pipe Com- pany's business at Tsun Wan and of the Hong Kong Brewery at Sham Tseng, both of which employ local New Territory labour.
50. 301 further certificates of Nationality and Identity were issued to seamen during the year, making 1,035 up to the end of the year.
Disputes and Strikes.
51. There were no strikes during the year and the only labour trouble which occurred was a minor dispute about the repatriation of certain Northern Chinese employed at the Chung Hwa Book Co. The Secretariat's proposals for repatriation were promptly accepted.
52. The number of individual disputes, as measured by those brought to the Secretariat for arbitration, increased some- what but none were serious.
Cost of Living of Poorer Classes.
53. The Sino-Japanese War caused a serious rise in the cost of living. Up to July 31st there was a light average rise after allowing for season, in the commodities included in the cost of living index. But this rise was very uneven. Whilst meat, vegetables, clothes and shoes rose in varying degrees, firewood and oil fell substantially. After July prices climbed rapidly to a peak in late September, at levels between 20% and 70% above the corresponding figures for 1936 with the exception of tea and oil which rose about 10%. After September prices fell off about 15% of the 1936 figures but were still in December 15% to 20% above the figures for 12 months earlier. The price of rice varied between 20 and 33% above the corresponding figures for 1936.
FACTORIES AND WORKSHOPS.
(Table XXVI).
54. The industrial improvement, which began last year, was maintained. Except in the case of sauce and peanut oil, which were affected by the war in China, the supply of raw materials was ample throughout the year. There was a very large output
1.
C 10
of goods destined for the Empire Market notably electric hand torches, dry cell batteries, confectionery, rubber shoes and boots, cork and felt hats and men's shirts. The hostilities in China caused an increased local output of cigarettes and of educational books for Chinese.
55. As a result of the increased activity there has been an increased tendency to overcrowding. Several concerns have erected new premises and others have been advised to do so. Among new industries are the manufacture of toothbrushes, the conversion of house and street refuse to land fertiliser and the production of gas masks and their chemical constituents.
56. The Heavy Industries did well. Shipyards were especially benefited by the severe typhoon. There was prac- tically no employment of children under the minimum age of 14. No permits were granted for the employment of women on night work, and several prosecutions for this were instituted.
57. Working conditions were generally good. There were no strikes and employers were found ready to cooperate with the Government in the provision of safety and other welfare
measures.
58. 241 factories opened and 51 closed, the total increasing from 541 to 731.
con-
59. Legislation. An ordinance (No. 18 of 1937) to solidate the law relating to Factories and Workshops was enacted to come into operation on January 1st, 1938, and conformably to the terms of the Ordinance the Inspectorate of Factories is transferred to the department of the Urban Council from that date.
60. Accidents. The total number of accidents reported was 129 with 17 fatal, an increase of 55 and 12 respectively over 1936.
61. The increase was mostly among shipyard workers, the numbers of whom also greatly increased.
62. Prosecutions.-During the year there were 17 prosecu tions for employing females and young persons during prohibited hours. Convictions were obtained in all cases.
CHINESE TEMPLES.
(Ordinance 7 of 1928).
(Tables XXVII and XXVIII).
63. The following gentlemen served on the Chinese Temples Committee during the year:-
(a) Hon. Dr. R. H. Kotewall, C.M.G., LL.D., Hon. Mr. T. N. Chau, C.B.E., Hon. Mr. M. K. Lo, and Hon. Dr. Li Shu-fan-Chinese Members of the Executive and Legislative Councils.
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(b) Mr. Tang Shiu-kin, M.B.E.-Representative of the Dis-
trict Watch Committee.
(c) Hon. Dr. Li Shu-fan, Mr. W. N. Thomas Tam and Mr. B. Wong-Tape-Chinese Members of the Sanitary Board.
(d) Mr. Chau Shiu-ng-Chairman of the Tung Wah Hos-
pital Committee.
(e) Mr. Au Shiu-cho-Chairman of the Po Leung Kuk Com-
mittee.
(f) Dr. Li Cho- yau-Representative of the Directors of the Tung Wah Hospital who are residents of Kowloon or New Kowloon.
(g) Secretary for Chinese Affairs (Chairman).
64. The Committee met twice at the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.
65. The following contributions were made from the Temples Fund during the year 1937:-
$ 8,000.00 to the Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund. $21,174.19 to the Tung Wah Hospital.
$ 200.00 to Passage Money Fund.
$
500.00 to St. John Ambulance Brigade for the expenses
of Haw Par Hospital.
$ 500.00 to the Society for the Protection of Children.
$
200.00 to the Children's Playground Association.
$ 1,200.00 to Home for the Aged.
$ 300.00 to St. John Ambulance Brigade.
THE CORONATION.
66. The outstanding event of the year was the celebration of the Coronation of H.M. King George VI.
67. The organisation of the Chinese celebrations was placed in the hands of the Chinese Festivities Committee under the chairmanship of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs. The main celebrations consisted of Dragon and Lantern Processions by day and by night; in addition a Dragon and Centipede exhibition was organised at Caroline Hill and five Arches 60 feet high were erected along the processional route. The processions were smaller than those of the Silver Jubilee but quality was strongly emphasised and popular appreciation was all that could be
C 12
P
desired. The work of preparation lasted four months. Animal models and 'ting', miniature rooms with grouped figures, were obtained from the specialising districts of Kwongtung, and troupes of minstrels were engaged from Swatow and Amoy. 6,300 persons assisted in the Day Procession and 4,000 in the Night Procession. Assistance both in time and money from merchants, shops and guilds was eagerly offered, and it was only the needs of organisation and theatrical effect that lent limits to the scale of the displays. It is estimated that 80,000 people visited the Colony to witness the celebrations and that their expenditure locally amounted to one million dollars.
68. The Day Processions took place on the 12th, 13th and 14th May, the Night processions on the 13th and 14th only. On the 12th the weather was cloudy, with some rain. On the 13th and 14th the sky remained overcast but there was no rain. The heat was thus moderated throughout and there were few cases of exhaustion. The following is a brief outline of the celebrations.
DAY PROCESSION.
69. The exhibits were contributed by thirteen guilds and other bodies and the total cost was $70,000. 6,300 persons took part in the procession which, starting at 9 a.m., took 24 hours to pass a given point and eight to nine hours to complete the whole route of about nine miles.
70. The chief exhibits were a silver dragon 275 feet long and a gold and many-coloured dragon some 250 feet long. Supporting features were two animated tigers, seven animated lions, numerous historic tableaux with girl actresses, companies of minstrels playing music peculiar to their districts, a company of jesters on stilts, paper models of birds and animals, and flags and banners of every form and colour. At various places portions of the procession would stop and displays appropriate to that particular portion would be given. The manipulation of the dragons, tigers and lions, a difficult and much appreciated art, was greatly enjoyed by the spectators.
NIGHT PROCESSION.
71. This commenced at 7.30 p.m. and finished about 1.00 a.m., the route being similar to that of the Day Procession. The total cost was about $27,000 and twenty-three guilds and other bodies contributed.
72. It is difficult to note special features in what was in the opinion of many the most artistic procession ever held in Hong Kong. The use of Kitson lamps instead of candles for the chief exhibits undoubtedly added to the effect but the careful emphasis on quality by the selection of the best source of supply, for example Tung Koon for the "Tings', Tai Leung for the huge fishes and Foochow for the 'cloud' dragon, was also important.
4
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73. The procession was headed by some 200 huge fishes, the product of Tai Leung craftsmen, each 10 to 20 feet in length, and illuminated by countless oil lamps. Following these were many-coloured Tings from Tung Koon, bands of minstrels from Swałow and Amoy, and numerous tableaux. The latter included Large pictures of His Majesty the King and Her Majesty the Queen in their Coronation Robes suitably framed in rich silk gauze. Among other tableaux were twelve Chinese cinema stars, a feature which naturally proved a great draw. rear were three huge dragons which measured 280, 220, and 120 feet respectively, and a most life-like centipede, 100 feet long. The two larger dragons were of golden gauze. The smallest of the three was a "cloud" dragon from Foochow whose whole length, owing to the arrangement of its myriad lights, changed colour at every movement. The centipede was manned by expert acrobats; from its mouth issued fire, its eyes shot beams of light, and the constant turnings and windings of its body were so realistic that it evoked lusty applause wherever it went.
74. Along the route of the processions were erected five. floral arches each sixty feet high and lit with coloured electric lights.
:
75. At the close of the celebrations a Dragon and Centipede exhibition was held at Caroline Hill. This realised $2,444.13 which was distributed to charities.
76. Among those who assisted in the displays special mention must be made of Mr. Ho Kom Tong, 0.B.E., the Chair- man of the Processions Sub-Committee, to whose initiative and organising ability the success of the processions was largely due, and of Messrs. Ip Lan Chuen and Tse Ka Po, the Vice- chairmen of the Processions Sub-Committee. This Sub-Com- mittee, of fifteen members, met for two or three hours daily for several months.
77. During the celebrations invaluable assistance was rendered by the Police (both regular and reserve), the St. John's ambulance, the Boy Scouts, and the District Watchmen. It was largely owing to these bodies that there were no disorders and no serious accidents during the processions. Without doubt the celebrations were la complete success both as a source of pleasure befitting the occasion and as an expression of the civic pride of the Chinese population.
ABERDEEN INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL.
(Table XXIX).
78. The School has been built to accommodate 300 boys, 50 of whom are nominated by Government, 150 by the Execu- tive Committee and 100 by the Salesian Society, managers of the School. With the exception of Government nominees, candidates for admission must possess a parental residential
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J
qualification of five years residence in the Colony. Pupils are divided into two categories, students and artisans. The minimum age for admission of students is eight years and the minimum age for apprenticeship is fourteen years. Students follow the Government school programme for vernacular schools and no boy is permitted to be apprenticed to a trade until he has completed the fourth year Primary course. Artisans who have been apprenticed continue their general studies concurrent- ly with their vocational training. Pupils are accepted twice a year in February and September. The length of the artisan apprenticeship course is three to five years. School fees are $150 per annum and these include board, lodging, uniform and tuition.
79. The annual distribution of prizes was held in the school building on the 9th December. His Excellency the Governor very kindly consented to be present, and, before giving away the prizes, unveiled a bronze bust of the late Mr. Fung Ping Shan which, with that of Sir Robert Ho Tung, stands at the entrance to the main hall. Visitors were invited to inspect the school workshops and an exhibition of work done by the pupils attracted much interest.
80. During the year part of the playground was covered in for use in bad weather.
81. The following gentlemen served on the Executive committee during the year:
(a) Secretary for Chinese Affairs (Chairman).
(b) Hon. Dr. R. H. Kotewall, C.M.G., LL.D.-Representative of the Chinese Members of the Executive and Legislative Councils.
(c) Mr. Li Yau-tsun, C.B.E.-Representative of the District
Watch Committee.
(d) Mr. Chau Shiu-ng-Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital
Committee.
(e) Mr. Au Shiu-cho-Chairman of the Po Leung Kuk
Committee.
(f) Mr. Li Sing-kui-Chairman of the Chinese General
Chamber of Commerce.
(g) Hon. Dr. Li Shu-fan-Chinese Representative on the
Sanitary Board appointed by the Governor.
(h) Sir Robert Ho Tung-Appointed by the Governor.
(i) Rev. Father Braga and Rev. Father Bernardini—-
Members of the Salesian Society.
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STAFF.
SECRETARY FOR CHINESE AFFAIRS.
82. Mr. R. A. C. North was appointed a delegate to the Conference on Traffic in Women in the Far East held at Bandoeng, Java, from 23rd January to 28th February. Mr. B. C. K. Hawkins acted as Secretary for Chinese Affairs during his absence. From 16th April to 27th October Mr. North acted as Colonial Secretary and Messrs. R. A. D. Forrest and E. H. Williams acted successively as Secretary for Chinese Affairs from 16th April to 9th September and from 10th September to 27th October, respectively.
29th April, 1938.
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
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Annexe A.
REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE PO LEUNG KUK FOR THE YEAR 1937.
(Tables A, B and C).
The Po Leung Kuk Society was founded in 1878 to aid in the detection and suppression of kidnapping, especially of girls and women, and to shelter such girls or women as had been kidnapped in the interior and brought to Hong Kong for sale or emigration. Its name means "institution for the preservation of virtue". The initiative in its formation came from the Chinese themselves, and ever since by subscription and personal service they have continued to support it.
2. The staff consists of a Chinese matron, two lady teachers, one nurse, seven amahs, one shroff and two clerks who are secretaries to the managing committee, and in addition a new special Drill Instructress, Miss Lam Tsz-lai, who has helped this year's Committee carry out their plans for giving the girls in the Kuk more outdoor exercise. She instructs them in physical training, and also supervises their volley-ball (another innovation) besides helping teach the singing classes. The improved health of the inmates is very apparent. A determined effort has also been made to deal with the problem of skin- diseases, and beri-beri; the continual influx of new inmates drawn from the poorest classes makes this very difficult.
A new isolation room has been prepared, and this year arrangements have been made for regular weekly visits by the Lady Visiting Medical Officer.
3. The Committee have also opened a new garden on the west side of the Kuk as a playground specially for the younger children, and have acquired a further stock of children's toys. On the occasion of the Coronation of His Majesty King George VI, a special outing for all the inmates of the Kuk was arranged to a floor of a house where the Chinese processions could be seen and enjoyed.
4. The Po Leung Kuk Committee meets every evening from Monday to Friday at 7 p.m., the principal meeting of the week being held at 12 noon on Sunday. It not only manages the Po Leung Kuk, but acts as an advisory committee to the Secretary for Chinese Affairs in all cases affecting women and children and Chinese family life generally. It corresponds, when necessary, with charitable institutions and private persons in various parts of China, traces parents of lost children and shelters for the night any Chinese woman or girl who chooses to go. When parents and relations cannot be traced, the Com- mittee arranges for the girls in its care to be given in marriage (never as concubines) or in adoption, always under bond and always with the consent of this office; and in every case this office ascertains the girl's willingness before giving consent.
1
C 17
5. In addition to the annual Committee there is a Board of Permanent Direction, which serves to maintain continuity of policy and of which the Secretary for Chinese Affairs is the ex-officio chairman.
6. The following were elected in April to serve a.s the Managing Committee for the year:--
Mr. Au Shiu-cho,
Mr. Luke Oi-wan,
Mr. Lo Tung-fan,
Mrs. Tam Woon Tong,
Mr. Chan Cheuk-man,
Mr. Cheung Lan-chau, Mr. Kwok Lam-pat, Mr. Tsang Hin-hung, Mr. Wong Chipo,
Mr. Li Kwok-ying.
7. The number of inmates of the Po Leung Kuk on January 1st, 1937, was seventy-one and during the year 465 persons were admitted as against 615 in 1936. The circum- stances of admission and the action taken in regard to them are set out in Table A.
8. Four hundred and sixty-five women, girls and children were admitted without warrant. Thirty-one were lost children. Fifty-one were accompanied by parents or guardians and sixty- two were maidservants or Muitsai who had left their employers.
9. On leaving the Kuk 184 persons were restored to husbands or other relatives, one hundred and two were sent to charitable institutions in China, five were given in adoption, 112 were released after enquiries, eight were released under bond, and seventeen were sent to a School, Convent or Refuge in the Colony. The number of inmates remaining in the Kuk on December 31st was ninety-six.
10. Four cases of sickness were sent to the Tung Wah Hospital, eighty-three to the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, three to the Queen Mary Hospital and three to the Small Pox Hospital, for treatment and of these ten died.
11. Dr. S. W. Tso, C.B.E., and Lieutenant-Colonel H. B. L. Dowbiggin, O.B.E., continued to serve as Visiting Justices through- out the year.
12. Mrs. M. K. Lo was appointed Lady Visitor to fill the vacancy caused by the death of the late Mrs. R. H. Kotewall. She and Mrs. S. W. Tso paid regular visits of inspection during the year.
C 18
- M
Annexe B.
THE CHINESE HOSPITALS AND DISPENSARIES.
1. The Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries are institutions established by the Chinese for the benefit of the poor of Chinese nationality. Intended to be additional to, not in substitution of, the Government Hospitals they serve a very useful purpose not only in the matter of medical relief but also in that of health education.
2. During the year 47,969 cases were seen of which 46,849 were new patients and 8,888 persons were vaccinated in the three Hospitals.
3. There are three general hospitals each with maternity wards attached, one maternity hospital and nine public dis- pensaries.
They are maintained by subscriptions from the public, by donations from the Chinese General Charities Fund and by direct grants from Government. They are controlled by Chinese Committees which work in close co-operation with the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
4. In the three big hospitals the patient can choose be- tween Western and Chinese methods of treatment, but in the Maternity Hospitals and Dispensaries Western Medicine only is practised. Government Lady Doctors hold gynaecological clinics in each of the dispensaries once or twice a week.
5. Both Hospitals and Dispensaries are subject to inspection by the Government Medical Department. There are five officers of the Department whose duty it is to visit the various institu- tions and to give advice and assistance. These officers work in close touch with the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
THE CHINESE HOSPITALS.
6. The Tung Wah Hospital situated in the centre of the most thickly populated area in Victoria was first occupied in 1873. The Tung Wah Eastern Hospital situated at the extreme east end of Victoria was opened in 1929. The Government gave the sites and with grants of money assisted in the erection of the buildings. The Kwong Wah Hospital situated in the Central District of Kowloon was built in 1911 to meet the needs of those resident in the peninsula. The funds for its erection were raised by public subscription.
7. In administrative control of the three hospitals is the Tung Wah Committee, a body of Chinese gentlemen elected each year by the subscribers.
C 19
T
8. Originally intended for the accommodation and treat- ment of those Chinese whose fears and prejudices against Western Medicine prevented their applying for relief at the Government Hospitals, these hospitals at a later period intro- duced and encouraged scientific methods. As prejudice dis- appeared and confidence grew the demand for Western Medicine has increased until now the number of in-patients being treated by this method is almost double that which still pins its faith to Chinese medicine.
9. The activities of the Chinese Hospitals include:
(a) The care of the sick and treatment by Western methods or Chinese methods according to the wishes of the patients.
(b) Maternity benefits and infant welfare by Western
methods only.
(c) Vaccination.
(d) Health propaganda.
(e) Assistance to the destitute.
(f) The provision of coffins for and the burial of the dead.
10. Excellent work was done by the Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries in the Inoculation Campaign against Cholera. Of a grand total of 218,351 inoculations given by twenty-seven institutions in the Colony, no less than 89,319 were given by the Tung Wah Hospitals and Chinese Dispensaries.
Cholera Inoculations at Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries.
Tung Wah Hospital
Tung Wah Eastern Hospital
7,774
9,717
Kwong Wah Hospital
Central Chinese Public Dispensary
6,605
4,498
Eastern
"}
12,815
Western
4,506
""
Shaukiwan
19
Aberdeen
1
6,865
3,060
1)
22
Harbour & Yaumati Public Dispensary
10,731
Shamshuipo
10,184
Hung Hom
5,477
""
29
Kowloon City
7,087
>>
Total
89,319
C 20
11. From August onwards both the Tung Wah and the Kwong Wah Hospitals were very overcrowded. This is at- tributable firstly to an increase of the population resulting from the influx of refugees, and, secondly, a number of the Canton Hospitals were taken over by the Military, and others closed for lack of funds, with the result that a proportion of the sick found their way to this Colony.
In addition to this the Tung Wah Hospital and to a larger extent the Tung Wah Eastern and Kwong Wah Hospitals were handicapped by accommodating a large number of Chinese refugees in their verandah in their administrative blocks.
In December a block of the old Government Civil Hospital was loaned by the Government to the Tung Wah for the accom- modation of refugees to relieve the congestion.
12. Each of the three Chinese Hospitals has a good operating theatre where operations are performed daily, many of which are major operations.
13. In charge of the medical side (Western) of each hospital is a Medical Superintendent, a graduate of the University, whose salary is paid by Government, and who is a member of the Medical Department.
THE TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.
14. The year 1933 witnessed the demolition and reconstruc- tion of a considerable portion of this institution. Established in 1873 and added to from time to time it had become a confusing assemblage of buildings some of which were much below the standard required in a modern hospital or infirmary. As men- tioned in the 1933 annual report many of the wards were old, dark, and in some respects insanitary, but they provided shelter, food and medical attendance for many sufferers who would otherwise have had no means of relief.
15. Nothing short of demolition and reconstruction could make the place satisfactory. There were, of course, sentimental objections to the demolition of the fine old assembly hall where year after year the directors had met and discussed the problems confronted them but space was very limited and it was not possible to retain the old hall and at the same time erect a building which would meet the requirements of the situation. It was decided, therefore, to raze the hall and the insanitary buildings and construct in their place a six storey modern hospital incorporating in it a new assembly hall.
16. The New Block, which was opened to receive patients early in 1934, contains accommodation for 144 beds. The whole hospital now has accommodation for 448 beds. It is hoped to replace the remaining out-of-date buildings as funds become available.
C 21
17. The staff consists of a Chinese Medical Officer of the Government Medical Department and three Resident Medical Officers whose salaries are paid by the Hospital. There are in addition a number of Chinese Herbalists who practise Chinese Medicine for the benefit of those who prefer that treatment.
18.
In-patients (General).
Western treatment.
Chinese treatment.
Total.
1937
10,221
8,397
18,618
(including 2,134 maternity cases)
1936
11,285
5,723
17,008
(including 2,034
maternity cases)
19. There were 1,088 operations including 196 major cases.
20.
Out-patients (General).
Western
Chinese
Total.
treatment..
treatment.
1937
39,875
186,530
226,405
1936
33,486
165,370
198,856
21.
Eye Clinic.
1937
16,274
1936
16,996
22.
Baby Clinic.
1937
492
1936
1,726
23.
Vaccinations.
1937
1936
24.
1937
1936
5,962
4,196
Deaths.
Brought in dead.
4,336
918
3,326
990
25. A large proportion of the deaths in the Hospital occur within 24 hours of admission. The sick poor go there to die. Those brought in dead include bodies sent from ships in harbour, from neighbouring hospitals, from the Public Dispensaries and from private houses. All are taken to the Tung Wah for the benefit of free coffining and free burial.
- C 22
THE KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.
26. This hospital does for Kowloon and the Peninsula what the Tung Wah and the Tung Wah Eastern do for the Island of Hong Kong. There is official accommodation for about 320 beds; of which 229 are for general diseases, 40 are for tuber- culosis cases and 57 are for maternity cases. private wards including 7 for maternity cases.
There are
18
27. The accommodation cannot keep pace with the growth in population. Kowloon has considerably more than doubled itself during the last ten years. No patient is turned away for want of room and in both medical and surgical wards it is common to find two in a bed and others sleeping on the floor.
28. The staff consists of a Senior Resident Medical Officer whose salary is paid by the Government, and three Assistant Medical Officers paid by the Directors.
29. There are also a number of Chinese Herbalists who practice Chinese medicine and are paid out of Hospital funds.
30. The patients on admittance, can choose whether they desire treatment on Western or Chinese lines.
31.
In-patients (General).
Western treatment.
Chinese treatment.
Total.
1937
15,552
5,215
20,767
(including 4,040
maternity cases)
1936
13,328
4,436
17,764
(including 4,173
maternity cases)
32. There were 602 operations including 213 major ones.
33.
Out-patients (General)
Western
treatment.
Chinese treatment.
Total.
1937
48,396
203,946
252,342
1936
48,106
182,813
230,919
34. There were 1,176 eye cases as compared with 3,661 for the previous year.
35. There were 2,050 vaccinations as compared with 1,450 in 1936.
C:23
36. The number of deaths in hospital was 6,043, of which 3,813 were admitted in a serious condition and died within 24 hours. 1,823 bodies were brought in for burial.
37. There is a small laboratory where facilities are available for ordinary routine microscope examination.
38. A children's clinic is held twice a week. The attend- ance numbered 8,045 as compared with 7,812 in 1936.
39. There is also an antenatal clinic held once a week in the Maternity Block. The number of cases seen was 271.
THE TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL.
40. This hospital was built in 1929. It is situated in the eastern part of the City of Victoria overlooking the Sookunpoo Valley playing-fields. It has modern, fittings and equipment. All the wards have through ventilation and there is a modern well-lighted operating theatre. There is accommodation for 239 beds, of which 196 are for general, 15 for maternity and 28 for tuberculosis patients.
41. The staff consists of a Chinese Medical Officer whose salary is paid by Government, and two Assistant Medical Officers appointed by the Directors.
42. As in the other Chinese Hospitals, patients on admis- sion can choose whether they wish to be treated by the Western- trained Medical Officers or the Chinese Herbalists.
43.
In-patients (General).
Western treatment.
Chinese treatment.
Total.
1937
6,021
2,563
8,584
(including 887 maternity cases)
1936
6,320
2,715
9,035
(including 1,210
maternity cases)
44. There were 147 operations including 25 major ones.
45.
Out-patients (General).
Western
treatment.
Chinese treatment.
Total.
1937
28,197
72,388
100,585
1936
..... 36,569
62,849
99,418
46.
1937
C 24
Vaccinations.
876
532-
1936
47. Two wards have been set aside (one male and one female) for patients who are able to make some payment but who cannot afford a private room. The charge in these wands is $1.40 per day including food and medicine. Each patient can, if he desires, bring in an attendant to help in looking after him. There are fourteen beds in the Male Ward and eight in the Female.
48. There are twenty-four small private wards where the inclusive fee per day is $3.00. The wards are popular.
49. A ward of twelve beds has been reserved for the treat- ment of opium addicts. During the year 430 patients were treated. The course of treatment is usually complete within fourteen days. The cost is defrayed by Government.
The treatment consists of autogenous serum injections and general stimulants.
50. Deaths in 1937 numbered 2,262. A large proportion of these (853) died within 24 hours of admission. 683 bodies were brought in for burial.
51. An eye clinic was started in September and 118 cases were treated. This clinic is held every Wednesday afternoon.
52. From 11th August to 9th September a ward was set aside for cholera convalescent cases which were transferred from the Infectious Diseases Hospital.
THE WANCHAI OR EASTERN MATERNITY HOSPITAL.
53. This hospital is run in conjunction with the Eastern Dispensary. It is in charge of a Western-trained Chinese Doctor and continues to provide most satisfactory and efficient service for this densely populated district.
54. The total number of beds is 31, and the number of admissions 907. There were three maternal deaths during the year.
THE CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.
a
55. The origin of the Chinese Public Dispensaries was movement made in 1904 by certain leading Chinese citizens especially Messrs. Fung Wa-chun, Lau Chu-pak and Ho Kom- tong, with the help and encouragement of Mr. A. W. Brewin, then Registrar-General. This movement began in the hope of coping with the scandal of the abandonment of dead bodies in the streets.
C 25
56. In 1905 two depots were established, the Western and the Eastern. In immediate charge of each depot was a Chinese doctor qualified in Western medicine who was assisted by an English-speaking clerk.
57. In 1909 the Government gave the movement public support and encouragement and the Committee became the Chinese Public Dispensaries Committee under the Chairmanship of the Registrar-General, now the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
58. It was declared at the time that the work of the depots or dispensaries was not hospital work and that the Chinese doctors employed were simply to diagnose disease and not to treat it. However, treatment centres were needed, and treat- ment, commenced in a small way, gradually developed until now the principal function of the dispensaries is medical relief. But in addition to the ordinary work of the clinic and dispen- sary
these institutions serve as depots where the poor may apply for assistance in matters connected with:
(a) The removal of patient to hospital.
(b) Certification as to the cause of death.
(c) Removal of corpses to mortuaries.
(d) Supply of coffins and arrangements for burial.
(e) The registration of births.
(f) Vaccination.
59. There are now nine Chinese Public Dispensaries, five on. the Island of Hong Kong and four in Kowloon. The Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital, which was formerly administered by the Committee of the Chinese Western Dispensary, was handed over to Government as a gift on January 1st, 1934.
60. One of the Dispensaries is housed in rooms attached to a temple. Another, at Aberdeen, consists of two rented shops temporarily adapted for the purpose. Gradually up- to-date buildings are taking the place of the temporary ones. The Dispensaries at Shaukiwan, and Wanchai are excellent buildings of their kind, as are those on the Kowloon side at Yaumati, Kowloon City and Shamshuipo.
was
61. This latter is housed in a new building which opened on 26th October, 1936. Designed on modern lines it affords ample accommodation for the large clientele which attends daily.
C 26
62. Bacteriological investigations have been carried out by the Government. Bacteriologist for the various dispensaries. The work has consisted largely in the examination of blood films for malaria and throat swabs for Diphtheria. The number of Malarial cases diagnosed microscopically are as follows:-
Benign Tertian
Sub
Quarter
Mixed
2 J
Type Unknown
1,304
736
351
53
210
2,654
63. A gynaecological clinic is held by one of the Government Lady Medical Officers once or twice a week at each of the Dispensaries.
64. Each dispensary has a room attached to it where dead bodies can be received for transport to the mortuaries pre- liminary to burial. Coffins are provided free.
65. On 11th March, 1936, a beginning was made with a Public Dispensary in Stanley Village replacing and continuing a privately operated dispensary under the auspices of St. Stephen's College. This is additional to the nine dispensaries referred to in paragraph 59. The premises are part of a temple building. No collections have so far been made in Stanley itself, and expenses are defrayed from the Aberdeen Dispensary funds.
.
C 27
INDEX.
Po Leung Kuk.
Number of Women, Girls and Children admitted Statement of Receipts & Expenditure (Jan.-Mar.). Statement of Receipts & Expenditure (Mar.-Dec.). Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure
TABLE.
A.
B.
C.
I
II
and
III
Comparative Statement of Revenue, 1936 and 1937. Comparative Statement of Expenditure
Revenue for last ten years
Number of female passengers and boys examined.
Emigration.
and passed
Number of Assisted Emigrants
District Watch Force.
Statement of Receipts and Expenditure
Chinese Boarding House Licence Returns
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
Comparative statement of cases obtained
Tung Wah Hospital and Man Mo Temple.
Income and Expenditure Account of the three
Chinese Hospitals
Balance Sheet of the three Chinese Hospitals Income and Expenditure Account of the Man Mo
Temple
Balance Sheet of the Man Mo Temple Comparative Expenditure under certain headings
at the three Chinese Hospitals
IX
X
ΧΙ
XII
XIII
Comparative number of cases treated at the three
Chinese Hospitals
XIV
Brewin Fund.
Income and Expenditure Account
XV
Balance Sheet
XVI
Chinese Public Dispensaries.
Summary of work done during the year
XVII
Summary of work done during 1936-1937
XVIII
Statement of Receipts and Expenditure
XIX
Statement of Accounts of the Shamshuipo
Dispensary
XX
Statement of Accounts of the Hunghom Dispensary. Chinese Permanent Cemetery: Statement of Accounts. Chinese Recreation Ground: Statement of Accounts Yaumati Public Square: Statement of Accounts Passage Money Fund
XXI
XXII
XXIII
XXIV
XXV
Accidents in Factories
XXVI
General Chinese Charities Fund
XXVII
Chinese Temples Fund
XXVIII
Aberdeen Industrial School: Statement of Accounts
XXIX
Table A.
Number of Women, Girls and Children, admitted to the Po Leung Kuk during the year 1937 and the arrangements made regarding
them.
consent
from Singapore & Sandakan.
Sent with their own
Committed under Warrant from the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.
Committed under Warrant from the Emigration Office.
Sent with their own consent by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
Sent with their own consent by the Police.
Lost Children.
Accompanying parents or
guardians.
Runaway girls.
Total.
In the Po Leung Kuk on 1st January, 1937
Admitted during the year
Total
Remaining in the Po Leung Kuk on the 31st December, 1937
1
1
1
53
282
8886
335
64
Released after enquiries.
Released under bond.
Placed in charge of husbands.
Placed in charge of parents and relatives.
Sent to Charitable Institution in China or employed as doniestic servants.
Sent to School, Convent, or Refuge.
Adopted.
Married.
Died.
Case under consideration.
Total.
8
5
4
71
16
1
15
6
21
56 31 51
24
24 465
96
7 17
152
96
21 64 36 51 28 536- 112 8 17 167
1 7 19 4 19
96
I
1 1 2 3 26 71
16
4
70
465
102
17
5 21
2 10 96
536
|
1
- C 28
Table B.
· PO LEUNG KUK
Statement of Receipts and Expenditure from 1st January to 23rd March, 1937.
C 29
RECEIPTS.
$
EXPENDITURE.
$
C.
Balance from previous year
16,253.47 Wages
$ 1,437.00
Food for Staff
270.21
Subscriptions:-
Food for inmates
357.64
Rice
437.21
Rent from House Property..$ 892.00
Traffic expenses
135.03
Subscriptions from Guilds...
2,425.00
Repairs
92.95
Sale of Hand Work
95.75
Passage Money
32.25
Wages left by Chan Kuen, Muitsai, deceased
Fuel
311.05
35.85
Light and Power
208.88
Deposit by Mok Wai Yung.
268.75
Drugs
18.30
Contributions to Festivals...
220.00
Water
229.29
Miscellaneous
30.75
Telephone
32.25
3,968.100 and Salt
94.50
Interest on Current Account
Total
Advertisement
75.02 Printing
Miscellaneous
Balance
20,296.59
77.55
25.35
402.67
4,162.13
16,134.46
Total
CA
20,296.59
Certified by the Statutory Declaration of Chan Kam Po and Luk Oi Wan, Members of the Board of Directors.
Table C.
PO LEUNG KUK
Statement of Receipts and Expenditure from 24th March to 31st December, 1937.
RECEIPTS.
$
C.
EXPENDITURE.
€
Handed over by previous Committee
Subscriptions: ——
16,134.46
Wages
Food
.$ 4,412.70
4,461.76
Fuel
968.37
Repairs
975.23
Grant by Hong Kong
Government
Traffic Expenses
479.41
$7,000.00
Water Account
468.74
Rent from house property... 2,636.00
Subscriptions from Guilds... 1,433.50
Crown Rent and Rates
370.78
Clothes for Inmates
286.98
Yim Fong and A. Fong
Light and Power
653.61
Photographers
450.00
Telephone
96.75
Yue Lan and other celebra-
Coronation Celebrations
255.85
'tions
840.00
Printing and Stationery
339.22
Sale of hand work
30.00
Passage Money
44.15.
Miscellaneous
16.98
Medical Apparatus and Drugs.
147.40
12,406.48 Material for Hand Work
82.15
Miscellaneous
1,031.31
15,074.41
Interest on current account
Total
83.03
Balance
13,549.56
28,623.97
Total
28,623.97
Certified by the Statutory Declaration of Chan Kam Po and Luk Oi Wan, Members of the Board of Directors.
30-
C 31
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1936 AND 1937.
1936.
Personal Emoluments
$137,510.85
1937.
$125,913.86
Other Charges.
Conveyance Allowances
1,231.00
1,511.75
Electric Fans and Light
1,098.96
Incidental Expenses
945.26
727.78
Library
187.89
109.32
Rent of Public Telephone
87.75
Transport
73.00
Special Expenditure.
Gestetner Duplicator
995.00
Typewriter
313.00
Total Personal Emoluments and
Other Charges
$139,948.00
$130,757.37
Table II.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1936 AND 1937.
Licences and Internal Revenue
not otherwise specified.
1936.
1937.
Chinese Boarding House Licences....$24,263.00
Emigration Passage Broker Licences.
$17,648.00
1,230.00
1,410.00
Fees of Court or Office.
Certificates to Chinese Proceeding to
Foreign Countries
300.00
200.00
Miscellaneous
764.00
129.00
Official Signatures
75.00
80.00
Miscellaneous Receipts.
Condemned Stores
53.75
33.00
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
30.00
Total
.$26,685.75
$19,530.00
C 32
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE FOR
LAST TEN YEARS.
*Personal
Emoluments
Year.
and Other Charges.
Special Expenditure.
Total Expenditure.
Total Revenue.
1928.....
73,738.41
73,738.41
20,040.53.
1929...... 78,121.08
1930....... 130,279.41
78,121.08 16,828.36
130,279.41 20,176.06
1931...... 135,424.29
135,424.29
18,771.59
1932.... 130,880.54
1933..... 175,321.51
1934....
1935.... 127,624.04
130,880.54
17,344.03
175,321.51 16,347.60
141,831.49
141,831.49 17,618.75
127,624.04 13,329.67
1936....... 139,948.00
139,948.00
26,685.75
1937..... 129,449.37
1,308.00
130,757.37
19,530.00
* Includes officers of Cadet, S. C. & A., & J. C. Services attached
to department.
C 33
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Table IV.
Number of Female Passengers and Boys examined and passed before the Secretary for Chinese Affairs under "The Asiatic Emigration Ordinance, 1915",
during the year 1937.
Women and Children 1937.
Total Women
and
Women Girls Boys Total
Children
1936.
Macassar
307
109
197
613
387
Straits Settlements and F.M.S.| 53,894
9,865
9,575 73,334
37,317
Dutch Indies
277
84
169
530
299
Belawan Deli..
388
109
184
681
404
British North Borneo
1,626
509
680
2,815
1,503
Honolulu
114
34
39
187
214
United States of America
205
75
225
505
401
South America
94
32
39
165
165
Mauritius & Reunion
139
26
70
235
190
Australia
46
32
62
140
37
India
116
36
South Africa
60.
13
888
82
234
169
52 125
47
Vancouver
145
8
137
290
273
Batavia
1,161
213
440
1,814
1,412
Sourabaya
344
76
115
535
438
Rangoon
541
202
338
1,081
969
Billiton
2
0
2
13
Victoria
15
2
36
53
49
Seattle ......
59,515 11,451 12,573 | 83,539
41
26
131
198
157
44,443
- C 34
Table V.
NUMBER OF ASSISTED EMIGRANTS.
Rejected.
Year. Examined. Passed.
Un- willing.
Rejected Rejected
at
S.C.A. Doctor.
by
Total
Rejected.
Percentag
of Rejection
1936,
6,505 6,242 2
1937,
7,750
7,564
3
263
4.04
52
186
2.4
*This number includes those who failed to appear for the final examination
NATIVE DISTRICTS OF ASSISTED EMIGRANTS PASSED.
West River
East River
North River
Canton
Delta
Kwong Sai
Southern Districts
827
1,538
205
132
271
4,335
256
Total
7,564
C
C 35
―
Table Y.-Continued.
DESTINATION OF ASSISTED EMIGRANTS.
Whither bound.
Male Assisted Emigrants.
1936.
1937.
Dutch Indies:
:
Muntok
2,859
5,979
Billiton
2,371
1,188
Gavutu
5
Ocean Island
558
16
Nauru
320
343
Mombasa
2
3
Sydney
2
2
Melbourne
22
Rabaul
6
Sandakan
121
Total
6,242
7,564
Classification of the Assisted Emigrants examined, according to the language spoken gives the following figures:
Cantonese
5,445
Hakka
1,688
Hainanese
431
Total
7,564
Table VI.
Chinese boarding house licence returns under the Boarding House Ordinance No. 23 of 1917.
Class.
1 II IV
Ꮴ
VI VII Total
No. in existence at begin-
ning of 1937
1
68 2
102
237
83 493
No. in existence at end of
1937
1 73 2
81 157
MAC pogar
C 36
Table VII.
Statement of the Receipts and Expenditure relative to the Hong Kong District
Watchman Fund for the year 1937.
Receipts.
"To Balance
1)
Contributions (Victoria:-
$
EA
C.
Expenditure
$
C.
130,378.10
Wages and Salaries:-
Chief District Watchmen
Assistant Chief District
2,880.00
Watchmen
Detectives
3,474.00
10,704.00
$
C.
$44,678.11 + Kowloon: $13,955.39)
Grant by Hong Kong Government
58,633.50
1st Class District Watchmen... 15,379.14
Zud 3rd
91
100.00
"
"
13,412.80 495.58
46,345.52
Miscellaneous:-
House rents
Rent for permission to erect an iron gate on s.s. 2 of Section A on I.L. 680, for 1937 (West Point D. W. Quarters)
Interest on Hong Kong Govern- ment 4% Conversion Loan
""
Payment to District Watchmen
for special services
2,468.00
Cooks Loonies
Messenger
Fines
78.00
Office Staff:-
Manager
525.90
Collectors
1,104.00 840.00 96.00
2,040.00
180.00 1,176.00
1,356.00
Total
49,741.52
Other Charges:-
Rent allowance
3,134.18
1.00
Allowance to Detectives
2,201.00
Medal allowance
1,288.00
Conservancy allowance
42.00
Conveyance allowance, &c.
772.84
...
1,520.00
Electric charges
955.33
Telephone rentals
597.00
""
Interest on Fixed Deposits
900.00
Stationery and printing
481.03
Uniform and equipment
259.55
Ammunition ·
226.40
Interest on Current Account
750.99
Repairs and fittings
343.49
Crown Rent
20.11
Premium on Fire Policy
426.84
Gratuities and rewards
3.650.50
Sundries
1,010.99
15,409.26
Pensions:
:
Ex. C.D.W. Fung Fong and others
Total Expenditure
3,038.32
68,189.10
Balance
127,166.39
Total
195,355.49
:
Total
195,355.49
Balance:
Hong Kong Government 4% Conversion Loan.$ 38,000.00
Cash
Fixed Deposits (H. K. & Sh. Bk.)
Fixed Deposits (Treasury)
Advance to C. D. Ws.
49,006.39
10,000.00
30,000.00
160.00
Examined and Found correct.
S. W. TSO.
泉右李
Members of D. W. Cee.
Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.
Hong Kong, 31st December, 1937.
Total
$127,166.39
R. A. C. NORTH
S. C. A.
R. J. MINNITT,
A. S. C. A.
KO CHUNGWOON,
Manager, D.W.F.
[
C 37
Table VIII.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE NUMBER OF CASES OBTAINED BY
THE DISTRICT WATCH FORCE FOR THE LAST THREE YEARS.
Offence.
1935.
1936.
1937.
Murder .....
1
1
Robbery
1
3
Burglary (or Arms)
7
1
Larceny
512
769
1,123
Larceny from person
181
225
364
Receiving stolen goods
17
26
53
Unlawful possession
102
129
165
Trafficking in children (or
kidnapping)
2723
21
17
Breach of Women and Girls
Ordinance
Muitsai (Female Domestic
Service Ordinance)
27
13
8
2223
7
1
Obtaining by false pretences.
18
18
26
Disorderly conduct
60
54
30
Loitering
9
7
21
Coinage offences
15
14
8
Deportation
82
104
77
Revenue offences
184
124
114
Gambling
48
29
38
Miscellaneous
39
26
14
Total
1,347
1,567
2,067
:
i
C 38
Table IX.
TUNG WAH HOSPITAL, KWONG WAH HOSPITAL AND TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL.
Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31st December, 1937.
INCOME.
Tung Wah Kwong Wah
Tung Wah Eastern
Total
EXPENDITURE.
Tung Wah
Kwong Wah
Tung Wah Eastern
Total
Government Grant:-
for General Expenses
for Free Coffins
$ 8,000.00 $33,500.00 $ 25,000.00
$ 66,500.00
10,000.00
7,000.00
Salaries & Wages Staff Provision
Uniform for Staff
$ 53,841.92
15,642.86
605.30
$ 31,800.29
$ 29.577.37 $115,219.58
10,131.83
10,180.43
35,955.12
585.09
454.09
1.644.48
17,000.00
for Western Medicine
2,500.00
2,500.00
Telephone Rent
1,430.97
476.40
903.05
2,870.42
for Opium Ward
2,500.00
2,040.00
7,500.00
Rates & Taxes
18,042.01
1,453.18
271.32
19,766.51
2,040.00
Insurance Premium
591.48
591.48
.
Subscriptions & Dona-
tions:-
Stationery & Printing
2,871.36
2,170.31
2,289.49
7,331.16
Individuals
47,931.53
9,420.40
17,349.95
Water Accounts
6,885.25
204.90
2,125.70
9,215.85
74,701.88
Lights:-
Theatres & Photo-
Electric
4,353.72
4.081,46
2,224.89
10.660.07
graphers
960.00
2,260.00
3,220.00 Gas
5,592.99
2,059,58
1,886.50
9,539.07
Chinese Public Dispen-
Interest on Deposits
424.42
424.42
sary
2,293.30
2,293.30
Repairs-
from Temple Fund
8,000.00
8,000.00
Hospital Buildings
4,063.11
1,278.71
3,000.63
8,342.45
other Subscriptions
2,322.06
8,897.85
11,219.91
House Property
2,163.02
*198.73
110.80
2,472.55
Coffin Home
168.97
168.97
Interest
11,173.25
2,680.00
1,787.50
15,640.75
Ambulance Expenses
2,729.21
766.67
Rents:-
Inpatient Provision
43,902.22
17,432.96
898.87
12,843.96 74,179.14
4,394.75
House Property
105,127.02
3.970.40
1,689.31
110,786.73
Out-Patient Clinic
3,002.98
3,002.98
Coffin Home
18,502.30
18,502.30 Cost of Medicine:-
Chinese
39,124.40
46,417.45
29,278.65 114,820.50
Yat Pit Ting &
Western
19,301.88
19,953,68
13,890.86 53,146.42
Wing Pit Ting
1,700.00
1,700.00
Coal:-
Iron Burners
1,521.00
951.00
2,472.00 for boiling Medicine
for hot water
3,156.21
1,859.66
1,724.06
6,739.92€
1,078.03
347.97
2,525.32
3,951.32
Receipts from Private and
Maternity Ward Patients.
12,262.06
Nurses for food supplied...
Sales of Chinese Medicine.
4,091.07
16,287.23 16,934.98
1,066.00 1,690.70
688.52
45,484.27 Winter Clothings,
Quilts & Sheets:-
2,756.70
4,779.59
for Destitutes.
855.12
855.12
for Inpatients
2,036.40
* 1,940.99
-3,030.45
7,007.84
Ambulance
1,685.50
2,322.00
1,125.00
5.132.50
Burial Charges:
Cost of Coffins
19,334.74
15,986.28
-3,879.48
39,200.50
Proceeds of Flower day
5.103.89
5.103.89
Burial Expenses
3,537.15
Tombstones
856.48
3,095.40 778,70
541.94 110.95
7,174.49
1,746.13
Proceeds of Theatrical
Performances
3,193.85
3,193.85
Sundry. Expenses:-
Ward
11,458.02
Miscellaneous Receipts
14,733.59
3,311.15
2,106.51
20,156.25
Hospital
9,002.57
4,692.38 3,478,10
3,806.27. 4,657.01
19,956.67
17,137.68
Excess of Expenditure
over Income
26,742.32
74,042.87 52,991.12
Small Pox Hospital
153,776.31 Bad debts written off
2,470.02
2,470.02-
1,974.61
1,974.61
$277,554.44 $171,190.72 $133,215.07 $581,960.23
$277,554.44 $171,190.72 $133,215.07 | 8581,960,23
เ
...
C 39
Table X.
TUNG WAH HOSPITAL, KWONG WAH HOSPITAL AND TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL.
Balance Sheet as at 31st December, 1937.
Liabilities.
1. SUNDRY CREDITORS:
(a) Deposits
(b) Trade Accounts
$67,034.47
20,511.96
(c) Hong Kong & Shanghai
Banking Corporation. 53,835.39
2. SPECIAL FUNDS:
$
Assets.
1. CASH IN HAND
2. SUNDRY DEBTORS
3. STOCK IN HAND
141,381.82
(a) Chinese medicine ...$16,724.88
(b) Western medicine
€
5,834.26
14,510.88
2,829.57
19,554.45
(a) Kwong Fook Chi Free
Girl School
$11,720.79
4. INVESTMENTS:
(b) Brewin Fund
2,905.96
(c) Chinese Medicine
Fund
(a) House Property...$1,550,000.00
65,761.80
(d) Relief Funds
128,371.53
(e) Emergency Fund
78,717.93
(f) Emergency Fund
Interest accrued
20,213.35
5. HOSPITAL APPLIANCES
(b) Mortgages
133,000.00
(c) Mortgages (Posses-
sion entered)
100,000.00
1,783,000.00
25,676.95
3. STAFF PENSION FUND
4. SPECIAL REPAIR FUND
307,691.36
1,964.18
2,394.43
6. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE:
(a) Property rent accrued
9,241.50
5. GENERAL RESERVE
Less loss for the year...
$1,558,162.56
153,776.31
1,404,386.25
$1.857.818.04
$1,857,818.04
Tung Wah Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
Sd.
CHAU SHIU NG,
Chairman.
Sd.
C. N. KONG,
Director.
I report that I have audited the above Balance Sheet with the Books, Accounts and Vouchers of the Hospitals. Such Balance Sheet is, in my opinion, properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and correct view of the state of the Hospitals' affairs as at 31st December, 1937, according to the best of my information and the explanations given to me and as shown by the Books of the Hospitals. I have obtained all the information and explanations I have required.
Hong Kong, 30th March, 1938.
Sd. CHAU YUT U,
Auditor.
Table XI.
MAN MO TEMPLE.
Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31st December, 1937.
40
INCOME.
$
EXPENDITURE.
€
Rent:
House Properties
Temple
$18,087.95
4,246.75
Amount brought forward from last year... Subscription to Tung Wah Hospital Free School expenses
1,655.23
2,500.00
18,523.92
17,334.70
Government subsidy to Free Schools
Repairs to House Properties and Free Schools
1,527.54
7,575.00
Miscellaneous Receipts
Rates, Crown Ren't and Insurance
2,791.91
344.37
Excess of expenditure over Income
Water account
1,041.18
4,190.31
Miscellaneous expenses
1,404.60
$29,444.38
$29,444.38
LIABILITIES.
Table XII.
MAN MO TEMPLE.
Balance Sheet as at 31st December, 1937.
$
ASSETS.
Tung Wah Hospital
4,190.31 | House Properties
General Reserve
$143,300.00
Less Loss as per Income & expenditure account
4,190.31
139,109.69
$143,300.00
$
€A
143,300.00
$143,300.00
Tung Wah Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital,
Sd. CHAU SHIU NG,
Chairman.
:
Sd. C. N. KONG, Director.
I have audited the foregoing Balance Sheet with the books and vouchers and find it to be in accordance therewith.
Sd. CHAU YUT U, 'Auditor.
Hong Kong, 21st April, 1938.
- C 4!
C 42
Table XIII.
The following table shows the comparative expenditure under certain headings at Tung Wah Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital during 1937. (For full details of income and expenditure see Tables IX and X).
Hospitals.
Salaries and wages.
Food for staff and patients.
Western
Chinese
Medicine. Medicine.
l'ung Wah Hospital
$
$
53,841.92
$
$ 59,545.08 19,301.88 39,124.40
Kwong Wah
Hospital.... 31,800.29
27,564.79 19,953.68 46,417.45
Tung Wah
Eastern Hospital
29,577.37 23,024.39
13,890.86 29,278.65
Total
$ 115,219.58 | 110,134.26
53,146.42 114,820.50
L
Table XIV.
The following table shows the comparative numbers of cases treated at Tung Wah Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, during the year 1937.
Western Medicine. Chinese Medicine.
Mater-
Hospitals.
nity
Vaccina- Eye tions. Clinic.
Baby Deaths. Clinic.
In- Out- In- Out- patients. patients. patients. patients.
Cases.
Tung Wah Hospital... 10,194 39,875 7,892❘ 186,530 Kwong Wah Hospital 11,429 39,175 5,215 203,946 Tung Wah Eastern Hospital
2,134
3,928 16,274 1,739
4,372
4,003
2,050
1,176
8,045
6,014
5,266 28,197
3,335 72,388
884
876
118
2,209
Total
26,889 107,247
16,442 462,864 7,021
6,854.
17,568
9,784
12,625
43
1936.
Table XV.
BREWIN FUND.
Income and expenditure Account for the year ended 31st December, 1937.
INCOME.
1936.
EXPENDITURE.
$
¢
7,099.52 Interest
7,556.09
$10,212.11
Gratuities
8,927.40
1,295.54 Rent
1,385.42
210.00 Salaries
210.00
1,258.11 Subscription
1,006.94
27.60 Petty Expenses
28.04
796.54
(Deficit)
Surplus of Income over Expenditure
783.01
$10,449.71
$9,948.45
$10.449.71
$9,948.45
Table XVI.
BREWIN FUND.
Balance Sheet as at 31st December, 1937.
LIABILITIES.
ASSETS.
$
Deposit
1,649.19
House Properties
47,841.00
Current
Account with the
Mortgages
98,000.00
Mortgagors
149.30
Mortgages (Possession entered)
36,132.58
General Reserve...$189,231.51
Accounts Receivable
1,556.00
Current
Add Profit for
the year
Account with the Tung Wah Hospital
2,905.96
783.01
190,014.52
H.K. & Shanghai Bank:-
Current Account. $2,850.04
Fixed Deposit ... 1,649.19
4,499.23
Cash in hand
1,378.24
$191,813.01
$191,813.01
Tung Wah Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital and
Tung Wah Eastern Hospital,
Sd. CHÁU SHIU NG, Chairman,
Sd. LI TSOO YIU, Director.
I have audited the above Balance Sheet with the Books and Vouchers of the Fund and have obtained all the information and explanations I have required. The accounts due from the Mortgagors in relation to Mortgages (Possession entered) amounting to $6,909.40 have not been incorporated in the above Balance Sheet owing to the fact that there is very little chance of recovering same. Moreover, the value of the properties held as security against these mortgages is somewhat below the amount of Principal. Subject to the foregoing I am of the opinion Fund. that the Balance Sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and correct statement of the affairs of the
Sd. CHAU YUT U,
Auditor.
Hong Kong, 7th March, 1988.
Table XVII.
Summary of work done in the Chinese Public Dispensaries during 1937.
PATIENTS.
Dispensaries.
New
Cases.
Old
Cases.
Patients
removed
to
Corpses
removed
Dead
Infants
Gynaecological cases seen by Lady Doctor.
to
by
Ambu-
lance.
Hospitals Hospital
brought
to Dis-
or Mor-
tuary.
pensary.
New
Cases.
Old
Cases.
C 46
Central
37,157 30,786
12
84
3
49
29
:
29
6,405
389
670
Eastern
20,368
24,980
8
00
15
62
Western
30,900
17,555
69
32
21
30
28
308
3,621
503
850
434
6,046
Shaukiwan
32,888 50,568
18
125
2
52
345
7,394
861
1,391
Aberdeen
9,323
.9,545
Nil
119
Nil
. Nil
2,251
303
350
Harbour and
:
Yaumati
51,033
41,275
90
00
77
181
175 9,137
1,233
1,923
Shamshuipo
41,372
31,842
8
46
A
298
279
15,351
962
1,576
Hung Hom
16,003 6,083
56
175
7
206
204
6,358
418
477
་
Kowloon City
25,545
26,893
61
164
18
30
293
5,130
587
1,133
Total for 1937
264,589
238,527,
322
837
66
858
:
2,067
61,693
5,256
8,370
Total for 1936
252,444 222,383
247
659
34
108
1,632
57,251
5,183
7,972
71
Gynaecological cases seen by Lady Doctor.
Table XVIII.
Summary of work done in the Chinese Public Dispensaries during 1936 1937.
PATIENTS.
Dispensaries.
New
Cases
Old
Cases.
cause of death.
Certificates of
Patients sent
to Hospital.
Patients
removed
to
Corpses
removed
to
Hospital
by
Ambu-
lance.
Hospital
or Mor-
tuary.
Applications
for coffins.
Dead
Infants
brought
to Dis-
pensary.
-
Vaccinations.
New
Cases.
Old
Cases.
C 47 -
Central
.1936... 42,032 30,495
5
83
1937.. 37,157 30,786
12
84
Eastern
.1936.. 18,733
23,412
12
1937...
20,368 24,980
15
Western
.1936...
29,426 20,367
47
12
13760
14
49
37
62
26
Shaukiwan
1937..
.1936..
30,900 17,555
69
32
21
30
30,113 51,643
16
87
1937... 32,888 50,568
18
125
19588A
45
5,449
299
675
29
6,405
389
670
227
5,030
582
929
308
3,621
503
850
396
5,585
434
6,046
...
255
6,733
.902
1.228
345
7,394
861
1,391
Aberdeen
.1936... 8,960
1937...
9,690
9,323 9,545
123
119
∞ IN
...
...
1,447
309
282
...
2,251
303
350
Harbour and
Yaumati
.1936...
48,694 35,272
40
91
1937.. 51,033 41,275
90
77
6
CO CO
3
136
10,290
1,347
1,920
181
175
9,137
1,233
1,923
Shamshuipo
.1936... 38,698 30,550
3
45
5
225
13,807
889
1,583
Hung Hom
1937... 41,372 31,842 .1936... 16,000 3.030.
8
46
70
118
Kowloon City
1937... 16,003 .1936.. 19,780 17,924 1937.. 25,545
6.083
56
175
62
88
5
25,893
61
164
21768
298
279
15,351
962
1,576
3
186
4,340
346
383
206
204
6,358
418
477
18
162
4,570
513
972
30
293
5,130
587
1,133
Total for ..1936.. 252,444 222,383 Total for 1937.. 264,589 238,527
247
659
34
108
1.632
322
837
66
858
::
57,251
5,183.
7,943
2,067
61,693
5,256
8,370
.....
"To Balance
""
""
"
""
""
Receipt.
C 48
Table XIX.
CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.
Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1937.
Grant by Hong Kong Govern-
ment
Grant from General Chinese
Charities Fund
Donation from:
$
C.
$
Expenditure.
51,980.14 By Salaries to staff
turers of Health Cam-
Salaries to 7 Street Lec-
12
9,500.00
8,000.00
15
1,200.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
Ko Shing Theatre
120.00
""
120.00
Prince's Theatre.
Taiping Theatre
Pei Ho Theatre
Lee Theatre
Subscriptions:-
Land (Victoria City)
Harbour
Shaukiwan
Kowloon City
Aberdeen
Fees from Eastern Maternity
Hospital, Wanchai
House rents paid by Man
Wah School, Shaukiwan..
Sales of Bottles, etc.
"?
""
??
**
Government Grant to
12,988.80
Shamshuipo Dispensary.. 2,500.00
Donation from Po Hing
Theatre to Hunghom
400.00
3
$
44,969.35
paign
350.00
Conveyance allowance
to
doctors and clerks
1,439.96
Rent allowance to clerks
"
and shroffs
Pensions
Gratuities to coolies and
messengers for Chinese. New Year
660.00
780.00
•
181.00
10
House rents for Aberdeen
9,674.80
Dispensary
624.00.
1,667.55
Food for patients in East-
:
1,461.50
ern Maternity Hospital.
1,814.33
500.00
Cost of drugs
18,782.87
29,732.65
""
Motor services for delivery
of drugs
439.40
2,399.50
Water Account
334.50
Crown Rents
142.06
12
600.00 169.73
27
Electric and gas charges
1,552.42
j
Telephone rentals
1,077.50
Stationery, printing and
advertisement
1,777.79
Cost of bottles, etc.
195.38
Uniform, shoes etc. for
coolies & messengers
521.50
"
Beddings for Eastern Ma-
ternity Hospital
166.60
600.00
Repairs
949.34
3,500.00
Instrument
60.00
7,000.00
Sundries
1,422.07
>>
10,000.00
Balance:
19
17,000.00
Hong Kong Government]
On Fixed Deposit
40,000.00
Loan.
440.00
Cash
168.05
On Fixed Deposit
1,200.00
Advance to C. P. D.
On Current Account
26.10
Clerks
140.00
1,666.10
51,308.05
Total
124,548.12
Total
124,548.12
Dispensary
Donation from General
Chinese Charities Fund
to Hunghom Dispensary.
Loan from General Chinese
Charities Fund
Loan from Yaumati Public
Square Fund
Interest:
""
On Hong Kong Govern-
ment 4% Conversion
و,
4% Conversion Loan. 11,000.00
泉右李
Member of Committee.
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
23rd April, 1938.
Table XX.
SHAMSHUIPO DISPENSARY.
Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1937.
Receipt.
$
Ø
Expenditure.
$
To Balance
2,830.73 | By Payment through Secretariat for Chinese Affairs
3,083.38
Grant by Hong Kong Government
2,500.00
Payment through local Committee
3,877.89
Rents from 8 houses at Shamshuipo
.2,000.00
Balance-at Secretariat for Chinese
Subscriptions
28.50
Affairs
1,941.62
Sale of Bottles, etc.
151.34
Balance with Local Committee
1,392.32
Total
8,902.89
Total
8,902.89
WONG IU Tung,
Chairman.
IP WAI SHING.
Accountant.
Receipt.
To Balance
"1
Subscriptions, etc.
Donation from:—
Po Hing Theatre
Table XXI.
HUNGHOM DISPENSARY
Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1937.
$
¢
Expenditure.
$
4,209.55 By Payment
through Secretariat for Chinese Affairs
2,173.55
1,305.30
""
Payment through local Committee
3,944.44
$ 400.00
Balance:
3,330.00
Affairs
At Secretariat for Chinese
With Local Committee.. 3,366.34
600.00
4,330.00
9,844.85
Total
.$ 360.52
3,726.86
9,844.85
Scavenging Contractor
General Chinese Charities Fund
Total
LO YUET CHO,
Chairman.
WONG PIK CHI,
Accountant.
C
:
C 51
Table XXII.
Statement of Receipts and Payments of the Chinese Permanent Cemetery for 1937.
Receipt.
Amount.ne
Payment.
¢
62,765.42 By Rent of telephone
Cost paid for removal of telephone Wages for Yuen Cheung and gardeners Wages for Pun Yan Chiri and Chau Wan Kok etc. Repairs to the embankment, the Ti Chong
Wong Temple, the roads, the wharf and the supply of numbered stones by Yeung Tam Kee
Flower pots, scythes, manure, and water
buckets, etc.
Account books purchased from the Kwong Fuk
Hing Shop
To Balance
''
Interest from Hong Kong
and Shanghai Bank
""
205.15
Interest from fixed deposit on mortgage of houses
Wages from Dr. S. W. Tso
for refilling vaults
1,944.00
208.00
77
Money collected and hand-
ed in by Dr. S. W. Tso on account of registra- tion fee for probates and letters of administration.
Sale of 230 lots, including costs of embankments
16.00
15,530.00
??
Sale of the spare ground of
the Cemetery
4,451.71
19
Printed matters by the Wing Hang Shop Printed matters by the St. Louis Industrial
School
Stationery supplied from the Yau San Shop Fares paid to Hong Kong Hotel Garage for use
of motor cars
Payment made to Mr. Fung Chun for cost of a
plan in connexion with the renovation of Ti Chong Wong Temple
Payment to Mr. Shum Kwong Yuet as fee for drawing up of a pair of scrolls inscribed at the Chinese Permanent Cemetery
Stamps
Rate for getting water from river
Crown Rent of wharf
"
Crown Rent of "Pai Lau"
Crown Rent of the Cemetery
>"
Cost for making roads leading up to the Tsun
Wan Cemetery
""
Amount.
$
¢
189.00
12.00
1,580.00
480.00
37,757.99
85.33
1.53
13.50
12.00
6.05
18.61
400.00
42.00
18.00
2.00
1.00
2.00
1.00
4,154.59
Purchase of land to the extent of about 100
sq. ft. at Tsun Wan through the District Officer, South
Compensation paid to Chan Tsun for removal
of a grave at Tsun Wan Balance
50.00
30.00
40,263.68
Total
$
85,120.28
Total
.$
85,120.28
"
By deposit with Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank
fixed deposit on mortgage of house No. 2A,
High Street
$12,205.07
8,000.00
77
fixed deposit on mortgage of house No. 8A,
Babington Path
20,000.00
Cash
58.61
"
$40,263.68
S. W. TSO, Secretary.
T. N. CHAU, Treasurer.
Examined and found correct,
(Sd.) IP LAN CHUN,
Auditor
Receipt.
Table XXIII.
CHINESE RECREATION GROUND.
Receipt and Expenditure, 1937.
€
¢
Expenditure.
€
:
To Balance
t
Rents of stalls
Interest
on
Treasury
money deposited
in
4,889.16 By Contributions to Aberdeen Industrial
14,744.81
86.70
School
13,000.00
Wages of watchmen, etc.
976.00
Water account
108.50
Consumption of gas
297.00
124
""
Renovation and repairs of stalls
2,024.00
Miscellaneous
19.96
Balance
3,300.21
Total
19,720.67
Total
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
19,720.67
Receipt.
:
To Balance Rents of stalls
Interest on money
Treasury
+
Table XXIV.
YAUMATI PUBLIC SQUARE. Receipt and Expenditure, 1937.
deposited
in
$
Expenditure.
份
School
2,545.64 By Contribution to Aberdeen Industrial
11,297.47
2,000.00
} }
Loan to Chinese Public Dispensaries
90.16
Fund
10,000.00
Wages of watchmen, etc.
1,019.00
Water Account
259.89
Electric lights
88.44
Repairs
Crown Rent
11.00
1.00
Miscellaneous
Balance
26.64
527.30
Total
13,933.27
Total
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
13,933.27
Table XXV.
Statement of Accounts of Passage Money Fund, 1937.
Receipt.
$
Expenditure.
$
To Balance on Fixed Deposits....$6,250.00) in Colonial Treasury.
"
By Passage etc. to destitutes
109.35
101.41
6,351.41
Subscription to Alice Mem- orial Hospital
50.00
>>
Subscription to Eyre Dioce-
Grant from General Chinese Charities
Fund
Miscellaneous receipts
Interest on Fixed Deposits....$ 125.00
Interest on money deposited
in Treasury
200.00
62.99
""
""
san Refuge
85.00]
135.00
Balance on Fixed Deposits...$6,250.00
in Colonial Treasury.
248.92
6,498.92
Total
3.87
128.87
6,743.27
Total
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
6,743.27
:
Industries.
L
Knitting & Weaving Factories
Table XXVI.
Accidents in Factories-1937.
Accidents due to
Total No.
Machinery
Falls
Electric
shock
Falling
objects
Burns &
scalds
Drowning!
Mis-
cellaneous
of
Accidents
Fatalities
1 (1)
1
1
1
1 (1)
1
1
(1)
ee
2
39 (7)
| | | | |
2 (1)
3
8
1
(1)
1
18 (1)
3 (3)
77
12
1
Feather Sorting Factories
Cement Works
Soap Factories
Shipbuilding Yards
Rope. Works
Steam Laundries
Engineering & Metal Works
Quarries
1
Rubber Shoe Factories
1
Oil Installations
1
1
Printing Works
Public Utility Works
Sugar Refineries
Breweries & Distilleries
Canning Factories
Sweet Factories
Cork Factories
Ginger Factories Cigarette Factories
2
1.
1
1
1
27 (2) 49 (8)
3 (1) 26 (2)
6 (1)
3 (3)
15
129
17
The Figures in parenthesis denote Fatalities and are included in the total.
C 55 -
Receipts.
C 56
Table XXVII.
16
GENERAL CHINESE CHARITIES FUND
Statement of Accounts from 1st January to 31st December, 1937.
$
c.
Expenditure.
$
c.
ن
$ c.
To Balance
11
Surplus money transferred from:
Che Kung Temple, Shatin
Chuk Neung Temple, Kowloon City Hau Wong Temple, Tai O Hung Shing Temple, Wantsai Hung Shing Temple, Yaumati
Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City Kwong Fook Che, Tai Ping Shan. Kwun Yum Temple, Yaumati Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Hom. Kwun Yum Temple, Che Wan
Shan
Kwun Yum Temple, Aplichau Pak Tai Temple, Cheung Chau Pak Tai Temple, Shamshuipo..... Sam Tai Tsz Temple, Shamshuipo Shing Wong Temple, Bridges St. ... Sheung Tai Temple, Ma Tau Chung Tin Hau Temple, Yaumati Tam Kung Temple, Sung Wong
Toi
17,128.26 By grants to:--
10,000.00
100.00 72.00
Tung Wah Hospital for expenses. Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund
for expenses
21,174.19
8,000.00
1,321.80
836.75
7,000.00
S.C.A. Passage Money Fund St. John Ambulance Brigade for the expenses of Hau Par Hospital
200.00
500.00
2,611.96
Hong Kong Society for the Pro-
5,144.00
tection of Children
500.00
300.00
Children's Playground Association
200.00
Home for the Aged, Kowloon
400.00
City
1,200.00
100.00
St. John Ambulance Brigade
300.00
2,150.00
350.00 2,900.00
800.00 100.00
3,259.68
400.00
Tam Kung Temple, Wong Nei
Chung
700.00
Tung Wah Hospital for expenses 8,000.00 Tung Wah Hospital for Kwong
Wah Hospital for expenses... 33,500.00 Tung Wah Hospital for Tung Wah
Eastern Hospital for expenses 25,000.00 Tung Wah and Kwong Wah Hos-
pital for Free Burials Tung Wah, Kwong Wah & Tung|
Wah Eastern Hospital for medicine
17,000.00
7,500.00
Tam Kung Temple, Shaukiwan
1,250.00
Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund
Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan
350.00
for expenses
9,500.00
Tin Hau Temple, To Kwa Wan
150.00
Chinese Public Dispensary, Sham-
Tin Hau Temple, Wong Nei
Chung
shuipo
2,500.00
100.00
Po Leung Kuk for expenses
7,000.00
Tin Hau Temple, Shamshuipo Yi Pak Kung Temple, Quarry Bay.
1,600.00
110,000.00
200.00
42.196.19
Transfer of interest from Chinese
Temples Fund
$77.05
Grant from Hong Kong Govern-
ment
110,000.00
Amount refunded by Chinese
Public Dispensaries Fund
8.000.00
Tai O Kaifong for the upkeep of
a fire-engine for 1937 Cheung Chau Kaifong towards
the cost of water-proof fit- tings for the street lamps Cheung Chau Kaifong for the expenses of the Kaifong Fong Pin Sho for the last quarter of 1936 and the 1st quarter of 1937
72.00
200.00
100.00
Amount loaned to Chinese Public
37
Interest
300.99
Dispensaries Fund
15,000.00
Salary
180.00
Balance
20,976.30
Total
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
178,602.49
Total
178,602.49
TANG SHIU KIN,
Member of Committee..
C 57
Receipts.
Table XXVIII.
CHINESE TEMPLES FUND.
Statement of Accounts from 1st January to 31st December, 1937.
$
C.
C.
Expenditure.
$
C.
C.
To Balance
Rent from Temples Keepers of:-
•
Che Kung Temple, Shatin
Chuk Neung Temple, Kowloon City Fook Tak Che, Shaukiwan
Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City
Hau Wong Temple, Tai O Hung Shing Temple, Aplichau Hung Shing Temple, Yaumati Hung Shing Temple, Wanchai Kwun Yum Temple, Yaumati Kwun Yum Temple, Aplichau Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Hom Kwun Yum Temple, Che Wan Shan
40,595.63 By maintenance of Chinese Public School in
Kowloon City
5,176.14
1.750.00
Grants to:-
""
163.75
Chinese Public Dispensary, Hunghom for
436.00
the year 1937
600.00
11,587.50
362.00
Lok Shin Tong, Kowloon City for 1937 The Kaifong of Hung Hom for the
300.00
810.00
836.75
expenses of the Free School in Kwun Yum Temple, Hunghom
1,200.00
1,321.80
Ping Chau Free School
200.00
5,144.00
Committee of Tin Hau Temple, Kowloon
370.00
City
70.00
2,750.00
2,370.00
922.00
Expenses for holding theatrical perform-
Kwong Fook Che, Tai Ping Shan
2,611.96
ances at:
Mo Tai Temple, Shamshuipo
787.50
Kowloon City
500.00
Pak Tai Temple, Shamshuipo
.335.00
Aplichau
400.00
Pak Tai Temple, Hung Hom
202.25
Cheung Chau Island
Pak Tai Temple, Cheung Chau Island,
2,000.00
Pak Tai Temple, Wanchai
1,400.00
Sam Tai Tsz Temple, Shamshuipo Sheung Tai Temple, Ma Tau Chung
4,077.05
286.00
Ma Tau Chung
Shamshuipo
Shatin
Tai O
1,000.00
50.00
300.00
300.00
120.00
Shing Wong Temple, Bridges Street Tin Hau Temple, Aberdeen
Tin Hau Temple, To Kwa Wan To Ti Temple, Shaukiwan Tam Kung Temple, Shaukiwan
2,873.92
2,670.00
Annual subscription to Confucius Society
260.00
235.50
42.50
for expenses of the Free School at Yuk Hui Kung, Wantsai
520.00
1,350.00
2
Repairs to:-
Tam Kung Temple, Sung Wong Toi
571.00
Tin Hau Temple, Wong Nei Chung
Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City Kwun Yum Temple, Aplichau
27.00
60.00
50.00
Tam Kung Temple, Wong Nei Chung
Che Kung Temple, Shatin
273.00
700.00
Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan
255.50
Tin Hau Temple, Shamshuipo
1.600.00
Tin Hau Temple, Ping Chau Island
207.60
To Ti Temple, Lan Kwai Fong
123.00
Tin Hau Temple, Hoi Chung Island,
To Kwa Wan
2.00
Tin Hau Temple, Tsing I Island
Sam Tai Tsz Temple, Shamshuipo Tin Hau Temple, To Kwa Wan Pak Tai Temple, Shamshuipo Tam Kung Temple, Shaukiwan Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Hom Pak Tai Temple, Hung Hom Fook Tak Che, Shaukiwan
54.00
88.50
4.00
590.00
175.00
45.00
37.00
35.00
Tin Hau Temple, Yaumati
3.259.68
Tam Kung Temple, Sung Wong Toi
70.00
Yi Pak Kung Temple, Quarry Bay
Tam Kung Temple, Wong Nei Chung
43.00
282.50
50,001.76
Yi Pak Kung Temple, Quarry Bay
26.00
House Rents:-~
Mo Tai Temple, Shamshuipo
68.00
Property of Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon
Tin Hau Temple, Stanley
1,000,00
City
The Free School, Kowloon City
928.00
Property of Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan...
225.98
1,153.98
Grant from Education Department for
Chinese Public School, Kowloon City.
29
"1
The Free School, Wanchai
Transfer to General Chinese Charities Fund Refund of Deposits as Security to the
110.60 190.00
2,861.10
46,173.24
Interest
23
1,440.00 585.59
Temple Keepers of:--
Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City Sam Tai Tsz Temple, Shamshuipo To Ti Temple, Shaukiwan Tam Kung Temple, Shaukiwan Chuk Neung Temple, Kowloon City Kwun Yum Temple, Che Wan Shan Tin Hau Temple, Ping Chau Island Shing Wong Temple, Bridges Street
3.180.00
877.05
7.50
255.00
35.00
163.00
51.30
125.00
4,693.85
Total
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
93,776.96
י
Cost of sinking a well and installing a pump at Yuk Hui Kung Temple,
Wanchai
602.50
Grant to Tai O Kaifong towards the cost
of repairing the Causeway there Cost of building a kitchen for the Mo Tai
Temple, Shamshuipo
200.00
375.62
21
**
Rent in respect of Nos. 33 & 35 Bridges Street (Shing Wong Temple) from 3.5.37 - 2.12.37 at $160.00 p.m.
Rent in respect of No. 4 Lan Kwai Fong (To Ti Temple) from Jan. to Dec., 1937 at $5.00 per month
Fee for fixing one power meter at Yuk
Hui Kung, Wantsai.
,, Architect fee for preparing a plan for the reconstruction of the Tin Hau Tem-
1,120.00
60,00
2.00
"1
*
ple, Stanley
Advertisement
Water Account
Crown Rent
Rate
Stationery and printing
Meter Rental
Balance
Total
30.00
206.70
154.57
95.89
68.00
50.50
18.00
29.328.85
93,776.96
TANG SHIU KIN,
Member of Chinese Temples Committee.
Receipt.
Table XXIX.
ABERDEEN INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL.
Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1937.
1
$
Expenditure.
To Balance
Contributions from Chinese
Recreation Ground Fund. $13,000.00
Contributions from Yau-
mati Public Square Fund. 2,000.00
--S
Subscriptions
1,351.58 By Maintenance allowance to the School
Management
''
Erection of an ambulatory.$1,030.00|
Less proceeds of sale of
22,500.00
old materials
600:00
15,000.00
430.00
890.00
Travelling expenses for students
126.80
School fees
''
$ 6,510.00
Crown Rents
47.00
Less refund
100.00
Water meter rentals and fire service
6,410.00
installation
91.00
"}
Advertising and printing
108.80
Total
28,651.58
Miscellaneous
Balance
Total.
52.50
295.48
28,651.58
R. A. C. NORTH,
Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
Appendix D.
REPORT OF THE HARBOUR MASTER AND DIRECTOR
OF AIR SERVICES FOR THE YEAR 1937.
The year 1937 showed a further decrease in the amount of shipping using the Port of Hong Kong. Details of the com- parison between the years 1936 and 1937 will be found in Table II.
2. Foreign-going shipping entering and clearing showed a net decrease of 6,844 vessels and 3,871,939 tons, while local shipping showed a decrease of 3,470 vessels and 28,317 tons.
3. British ocean-going shows a decrease of 294 in numbers with a decrease of 234,162 tons.
4. Foreign ocean-going shows a decrease of 1,162 in numbers with a correspondingly large decrease of 2,105,107 tons. This is due to the complete paralysis of Chinese shipping, and the large decrease of Japanese shipping due to the Sino-Japanese conflict.
5. The River-steamer trade shows a decrease of 1,268 vessels and 938,046 tons, due to the cessation of Chinese sailings during the latter part of the year, and the temporary closing of the Canton River.
6. The Junk trade in Tables IX to XI shows a decrease in numbers and tonnage in both Foreign and local trade. The decrease may be attributed to the Sino-Japanses conflict.
7. In steamships not exceeding 60 tons there is a decrease in both numbers and tonnage. Details of launches entering and clearing are given in Tables XII and XIII.
8. On the 31st December, 1937, there were 242 launches and 174 motor boats employed in the harbour; of these 341 were licensed for the conveyance of passengers, 25 steam launches and 23 motor boats belonged to the Colonial Government, two steam launches and one steel motor barge belonged to the Imperial Government and 20 steam launches and four motor boats belonged to the Naval Authorities. There are also a number of motor yachts and motor boats owned for pleasure and private purposes.
D 2
Of the 341 licensed for the conveyance of passengers, 171 were licensed for Class I, 59 for Class 11 and three for Class III.
9. 486 engagements and 492 discharges of coxswains and engineers were recorded.
10. The passenger trade and the number of emigrants de- parting from and arriving at this Port are shown in Tables XXII to XXVIII.
11. Details of bunker coal and oil fuel shipped will be found in Table XXIX. The figures show an increase in coal consump- tion of 41,124 tons with a decrease of 18,657 tons in fuel oil.
12. The nationality of crews in British and Foreign ships is shown in Table VII.
13. 19 ships were registered under the provisions of the Merchant Shipping Acts and 18 certificates of registry were cancelled. Details are given in Tables XX and XXI. The fees collected amounted to $1,119.00 as compared with $879.00 in 1936.
14. 30,921 seamen were engaged and 31,725 discharged at the Mercantile Marine Office and on board ships as compared with 28,717 engaged and 28,370 discharged in 1936.
15. 216 seamen were received and admitted to the Sailors' Home and boarding houses, of these the following were repatriated as distressed British seamen :-50 to the United Kingdom, 38 to Singapore, 22 to Shanghai, 16 to Calcutta, four to Victoria, B.C., one to Colombo, one to Port Said, one rejoined ship, one taken over by the Finnish Consul, 32 re-employed in ships being signed on Articles and 50 obtained employment in the Colony.
16. $6,145.12 was expended by the Harbour Master on be- half of the Board of Trade in the relief of these distressed
seamen.
17. The Mercantile Marine Assistance Fund Committee held
three meetings during the year. 13 cases were investigated, nine were granted temporary relief. One officer was repatriated to the United Kingdom and the wife of an officer who died was granted a passage home. Two refused relief.
The total sum disbursed during the year was $9,588.24.
18. A statement of the surveys and examinations carried cut by the Government Marine Surveyor and his staff is set out in Table XXX. The vessels surveyed for passenger certificates totalled 92 of 374,896 tons gross as compared with 108 of 436,699 tons gross in 1936, showing a decrease of 16 vessels and 61,803
tons.
,
D3
—
19. 45 vessels were surveyed at Taikoo Dockyard, 26 at Kowloon Dockyard, two at W.S. Bailey's Dockyard, eight at Cosmopolitan Dockyard, eight at Chinese shipyards and three in Japan.
20. The following is a comparison of tonnage and nation- alities of the various vessels granted passenger certificates at Hong Kong during the year 1937.
76 vessels of 339,423 tons gross.
British Norwegian Danish
10
"
24,462
3
7,763
""
>>
Chinese
3
3,248
""
21
21. Passenger certificates were issued for the following trades:
Passenger & Safety. International Voyages. 18
እን
""
""
Short
34
21
Coasting Voyages
20
River Trade
2
River Trade
18
Class III
22. Four vessels totalling 23,145 tons (gross) were surveyed and granted bottom certificates during the year as compared with seven vessels of 67,973 tons (gross) in 1936.
23. 72 passenger vessels and 54 cargo ships were surveyed for radiotelegraphy certificates during the year as compared with 61 passenger vessels and 38 cargo vessels in 1936.
24. 95 vessels of which 49 were British and 46 Foreign were surveyed for emigration certificates during the year as compared with 91 in 1936.
25. 36 vessels were surveyed for load lines during the year as compared with 41 in 1936. Of these 20 were British vessels registered in Hong Kong and 16 Chinese.
26. 98 new lifeboats and 519 units of standard buoyant apparatus were surveyed during construction at the makers' works during the year as compared with 31 and 598 respectively in 1936.
27. 16,330 new lifejackets were examined and stamped at the makers' works during the year as compared with 11,195 in 1936.
28. 610 surveys were carried out on steam launches and Motor boats during the year as compared with 631 in 1936.
D 4
29. There was one Marine Court of Inquiry held during the year:
On the 9th and 10th of November to inquire into the circumstances attending the
the loss of the British S. S. "KAITANGATA" on the 25th October, 1937, whilst on a voyage from Hong Kong to Haiphong.
30. 455 cases were heard in the Marine Magistrate's Court during the year.
The principal offences were:
(a) Boarding ships without permission of the Master. (b) Making fast to ships whilst underway without per-
mission of the Master.
(c) Dredging in the Harbour without a permit.
(d) Lying inshore during prohibited hours without a
permit.
(e) Dumping rubbish into the Harbour without a permit.
31. Examinations for certificates of competency as masters, mates and engineers were held under Board of Trade regulations.
20 candidates were examined for master, 13 passed, 12 candidates were examined for first mate and eight passed. There were no candidates for second mate's certificate.
Nine candidates were examined for first class engineer's certificate (ordinary) and four passed. Six were examined for second class engineers certificate (ordinary) all passed. One candidate was examined for first class engineers' certificate (motor) and failed.
Two candidates were examined for first class engineer (ordinary) endorsement, all passed. Eight candidates were examined for first class motor endorsement, seven passed, one failed but was granted second class motor endorsement.
32. Under Section 37 of Ordinance 10 of 1899, 62 candidates were examined for certificates as coxswain and 48 passed. 91 were examined as engineer, 78 passed and 13 failed.
33. There were no applications for examination for Pilots. licences but 24 licences were renewed.
34. 2,738 Sunday cargo working permits were issued during the year of which 211 were used for working from midnight to 6 a.m., 995 from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. and 345 from 6 p.m. to mid- night, the remainder being returned as unused and cancelled.
35. Lighthouses and signal stations, a total of 22, continued to work satisfactorily throughout the year.
- D 5
36. The Aga Light apparatus at Green Island was remodelled and fitted with a sunvalve which came into operation on the 1st January, 1937.
37. The following alterations were made to the lighted buoys at the western entrance of the Harbour:
The North central fairway buoy was altered to a red buoy with flashing red light every five seconds.
The South central fairway buoy was altered to a black buoy with flashing white light every five seconds.
38. During the typhoon of the 1st to 2nd of September the Cheung Chau passage beacon was demolished. The beacon is now being reconstructed and will come into operation again during 1938.
39. The fortnightly reliefs to Lighthouses were delayed once at Waglan, and once at Gap Rock owing to bad weather and seven times owing to no tug being available.
40. Table XXXII gives details of vessels signalled &c. at the lighthouses and signal stations.
41. Government moorings were used during the year as follows:-
A. class
B. class
C. class
3,396 days.
5,631 days.
510 days.
In addition they were used by Naval vessels and transports for 18 days.
On the 31st December the following moorings were in position.
A. class 17, B. class 27 and C. class 4, a total of 48 includ- ing 11 special typhoon A. class moorings. Permission was granted for the maintenance of 42 private buoys and moorings and the fees received amounted to $2,520.
42. The revenue and expenditure of the department are shown in Table XXXIII and XXXIV. Light dues this year show a decrease of $20,152. This must be attributed to less tonnage visiting the port.
43. Increases are shown under a number of sub-heads, the largest being under the headings Gunpowder storage, Emigration, Surveys, Sunday cargo-working permits and Air Services.
- D 6. -
44. Details of licences, etc. issued and revenue collected may be found in Tables XXXVII and XXXVIII.
45. The Government slipway and coaling depot at Yaumati was kept busy throughout the year in routine slipping, repairing and fuelling of Government craft.
46. 8,546 tons of coal were received and 8,501 tons were delivered.
Seven tons of Welsh coal were delivered.
8,800 gallons of kerosene were received and 8,114 gallons were delivered.
9,600 gallons of petrol were received and 9636 were delivered-this included deliveries from stock on hand at end of 1936.
2,537 tons of bunker fuel oil were received and delivered.
123 tons of power diesel oil were received and 112 tons were delivered.
47. Government launches were slipped aggregating seventy nine times at regular intervals during the year and the slip was occupied 328 days.
48. The typhoon of the 1st to 2nd September did consider- able damage to shipping in general. Twenty-eight sea going ships including the Government rescue tug KAU SING, parted their cables and were blown ashore. Native craft suffered severely, 1,361 junks, cargo boats, etc. were reported sunk and 600 seriously damaged.
The loss of life in sea going ships was limited to one European master of a Chinese river steamer and four Chinese
seamen.
The loss of life in native craft was at first estimated at about 11,000, but is now reported to be 2,565.
49. A short summary of the facilities offered by the Port of Hong Kong is attached.
15th March, 1938.
G. F. HOLE,
Harbour Master.
-D? -
AIR SERVICES, 1937.
1. The Civil Airport has completed its first full year of work since removal to the western end of the airport.
2. New air services were inaugurated, notably Pan American Airways from San Francisco operating weekly, started on April 23rd-and the Eurasia Aviation Corporation inaugurated their thrice weekly run to and from Peiping on June 29th.
Figures for the year's working are given in the accompanying tables XLII to XLV.
The disturbances in North China caused dislocation of the China National Aviation Corporation service to Shanghai which had been running regularly thrice weekly until August, and Eurasia re-organised their routes to Central China and increased their services to deal with the growing traffic. China National Aviation Corporation re-commenced operations late in the year with land planes to Central China.
3. On 2nd September a typhoon demolished the mooring pontoon, marine terminal and seriously damaged the slipway and nullahs making extensive repairs and replacements necessary. The shadow bar floodlight was destroyed and the D/F mast was brought through the roof of the hangar-the latter are being replaced.
4. The Far East Flying Training School were fully occupied with both flying and engineering pupils taking the courses; 1,864 hours flying being carried out (an increase of 61% on 1936) and 10 engineering pupils gained Government Certificates on completion of their two year course.
Six officers on the Reserve of The Royal Air Force carried out their annual training with the School.
The Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps annual training was completed.
612 hours flying were carried out under contract to the Army.
5. The revenue and expenditure of the department are shown in Tables XXXIX to XLI.
15th March, 1938.
G. F. HOLE, Driector of Air Services.
M
~ Ꭰ Ꮛ .
FACILITIES OF THE PORT OF HONG KONG.
The Harbour of Hong Kong forms a natural anchorage for a great number of vessels. During the typhoon season there are special moorings and anchorages to which vessels can move with immunity from danger. There are available the latest type of steam fire-floats, and the harbour is efficiently patrolled day and night by water police launches. Competent pilots are available to meet vessels at either entrance of the harbour by day or by night.
2. All the Buoys in the Harbour are owned by the Govern- ment. There are 48 in all, 17 "A" Class for ships from 450 ft. to 600 ft. in length, 27 "B" Class for ships from 300 ft. to 450 ft. in length, and 4 "C" Class for ships of less than 300 ft. in length. The charges are $16, $12 and $8 per day respectively.
3. The wharf and godown companies have berthing accom- modation for 12 vessels from 650 to 750 feet in length. Maximum depth of water alongside the wharves is 36 feet L.W.O.S.T.
4. Fresh water pipes are laid alongside.
5. Three public Warehouse companies have a storage capacity of 522,000 tons, of which 322,000 tons is on the mainland at Kowloon Point, adjacent to wharves and 200,000 tons in Victoria on the island of Hong Kong, on the Harbour front. There are numerous native-owned warehouses of small capacity in both Kowloon and Hong Kong.
6. Both groups of wharves at Kowloon Point have Rail con- nection with the Kowloon-Canton Railway, giving direct Rail communication with Canton. There are daily sailings by coast- ing Companies' ships carrying cargo and passengers to all river and coast ports of Southern China, and to ports in the Far Eastern trade, as well as almost daily departures by ocean steamers to overseas ports.
7. Ample bunkering facilities are provided by private stocks of Coal averaging 60,000 tons, of which about one third is North China Coal, and the remainder Japanese and Formosan.
8. The average stock of Fuel Oil for Commercial bunkering is 55,000 tons. One oil company has berthing facilities for 2 vessels and another company for 1 vessel alongside the Oil installation, with а water depth of 28 feet and 23 feet L.W.O.S.T. respectively. Delivery can be given up to 600 tons an hour from wharf and 350 tons an hour from lighters.
D 9
9. There are two large Dock Companies with Dry Docks capable of taking vessels up to 750 feet on the blocks. The Docks have a depth on the sills up to 34 feet 6 in. H.W.O.S.T. In addition there are five Patent slipways capable of handling ships up to 390 feet in length and 4,000 tons displacement.
There are several smaller yards mostly owned by Chinese, dealing with repairs to small craft and light work.
10. The principal Dock Companies have adequate facilities for the construction of ships of large tonnage, and for the prompt effecting of extensive repairs. There is also a thoroughly up-to-date salvage plant, and tugs are available.
11. A Waterboat Company, drawing its water from Govern- ment reservoirs, has a fleet of eight vessels and there are three other smaller companies operating five vessels, carrying from 200 to 270 tons each.
12. The Harbour has a depth ranging from 24 to 78 feet L.W.O.S.T. The rise of Tide is about eight feet. O.S.T.
13. There are no Tonnage Dues.
14. The Government imposes Light dues of two and four-tenth cents per ton on all Ocean ships, and nine-tenth of a cent per ton on all River steamers which enter the waters of the Colony. The Sterling value of the above rates at $1-1s./8d. is converted back into dollars at the average opening selling rate on London for the previous month.
15. Charges for permission for ships of 400 to 5,000 tons, and over, to work cargo on Sunday are as follows:
From Mid-night to 6 a.m.
$25 to $ 87.50
From 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.
$50 to $175.00
.$25 to $ 87.50
From 6 p.m. to M.N.
16. A large number of Motor-boats, Steam Launches and Sampans are available for communication between ships at buoys and the shore. A frequent service of Ferry Launches is maintained between Hong Kong Island and all parts of the mainland, and also a Vehicular Ferry service from Hong Kong to Kowloon.
17. The
Government maintains a Commercial Wireless Telegraph Station at Cape D'Aguilar which has an average day range of 500 miles, and a night range of 1,500 miles. Continuous watch is kept.
1
Table I.
Summary of Arrivals and Departures of all Vessels.
D 10
1936.
1937.
FOREIGN TRADE,
No. of
No. of
Tons.
Crews.
Vessels.
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
British Ships entered,
5,528
9,352,027
473,404
5,147
8,935,444
453,758
British Ships cleared,
5.537
9,323,444
475,625
5,137
8,882,905
450,807
Foreign Ships entered,
4,431
9,539,023
302,528
3,484
8,342,148
275,591
Foreign Ships cleared,
4,447
9,535,338
305,663
3,451
8,312,020
273,857
Steamships under 60 tons entered,
2,739
73,085
34,799
2,034
52,886
25,722
Steamships under 60 tons cleared,
2,748
69,160
34,969
2,048
53,397
25,981
Junks entered,
7,379
1,053,903
116,638
6,189
801,465
59,665
Junks cleared,
7,817
1,117,683
120,694
6,292
811,459
61,477
Total of all Vessels entered,
20,077
20,018,038
927,369
16,854 18,131,943
814,736
Total of all Vessels cleared,
20,549
20,045,625
936,951
16,928 18,059,781
812,122
Total of all Vessels entered & cleared, in Foreign Trade,
40,626
40,063,663
1,864,320
33,782
36,191,724 1,626,858
LOCAL TRADE.
Steamlaunches entered,
9,848
332,723
116,148
9,645
324,510
113,465
Steamlaunches cleared,
9,894
334,402
116,588
9,734
330.209
113,897
Total Launches entered and cleared,
19,742
667,125
232,736
19,379
654,719
227,362
Junks entered,
11,483
498,296
113,014
9,936
331,259
85,611
Junks cleared,
11,720
501,932
112,837
10,160
653.058
93,456
Total Junks entered and cleared,
23,203
1,000,228
225,851
20,096
984,317
179,067
Total Local Trade (Launches & Junks) entered & cleared,
42,945
1,667,353
458,587
39,475
1,639,036
406,429
Grand Total, (Foreign & Local Trade),
83,571
41,731,016
2,322,907
73.257
37,830,760 2,033,287
Table II.
Comparison between the years 1936 and 1937 of all Shipping entering and clearing Ports in the Colony:-
INCREASE.
D 11
1936
1937
DECREASE.
CLASS OF VESSELS.
British Ocean Going,
No. Tonnage. No. Tonnage. 4,616 11,943,751 4,322 11,709,589
No. Tonnage.
No. Tonnage.
294
234,162
Foreign Ocean Going,
British River Steamers,
6,449
Foreign River Steamers, Steamships under 60 tons, ..
2,514
5,487
Junks, Foreign Trade,
Total Foreign Trade,
Steamlaunches, Local Trade
Junks, Local Trade,
Grand Total,
6,364 18,025,915 5,202 15,920,808 6,731,720 5,962 6,108,760 1,048,446 1,733 733,360 142,245 4,082 106,283 1,405 15,196 2,171,586
40,626| 40,063,663
19,742 667,125
23,203 1,000,228
83,571 41,731,016
1,162 2,105,107
487
622,960
· 781
315,086
35,962
15,911 73,257 37,830,760 10,314 3,900,256
12,481 1,612,924 2,715 558,662 33,782 36,191,724 6,844 3,871,939 19,379 654,719 363 20,096 984,317 3,107
12,406
Net,
10,314
3,900,256
Table III,
NUMBER, TONNAGE, AND CREWS, OF FOREIGN-GOING VESSELS ENTERED
AT PORTS IN THE COLONY OF HONG KONG FROM EACH COUNTRY IN THE YEAR 1937.
BRITISH.
FOREIGN.
GRAND TOTAL.
COUNTRIES WHENCE ARRIVED.
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews. Vessels.
Tons.
Crews. Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
Australia & Pacific Islands including
New Zealand
36
121,915
4,159
35
British North Borneo
45 115,737
3,615
20
Canada
47
407,261
15,449
India including Mauritius
102
361,923
13,777
62
South Africa
3
9,492
239
Straits Settlements & F.M.S.,
42
79,091
4,533
K24224
120,687
2,656
71
242,602
6,815
56,054
875
65
171,791
4,490
5
19,310
377
52
426,571
15,826
199,002
4,832
164
560,925
18,609
68,460
3,237
25
77,952
3,476
84,994
3,435
84
164,085
7,968
United Kingdom
132 714,493
16,955
20
111,050
2,565
152
825,543
19,520
China
1,121 1,948,261
107,859
958
1,855,641
84,82
2,079
3,803,902
192,688
"3
(River Steamers)
1,896 | 1,736,485
135,306
616
311,546
34,828
2,512
2,048,031
170,134
(Steamships under 60 tons)
1,813
46,780
23,454
1,813
46,780
23,454
""
(Junks)
5,957
Denmark
1
118
Europe, Not specially mentioned
11
61,418
875
87385
768,833
56,537
5,957
768,833
56,537
34
16
80,023
612
· 17
80,141
646
19
58,695
735
30
120,113
1,610
France
37
253,195
6,638
D 12
37
253,195
6,638
Formosa
7
5,503
323
99
127,261
6,007
106
132,764
6,330
Į
Germany
11
52,028
762
100
518,268
8,670
111
570,296
9,432
Holland
40
181,063
2,558
28
147,576
2,864
68
328,639
5,422
Italy
36
226,853
6,473
36
226,853
6,473
French Indo-China
224
326,888
17,646
156
162,764
10,386
380
489,652
28,032
Japan
188
825,922
24,090
441
1,625,436
34,051
629
2,451,358
58,141
Macao
1
84
38
10
5,941
387
11
6,025
425
""
(River Steamers)
1,089
1,324,049
84,629
255
57,209
7,762
1,344
1,381,258
92,391
(Steamships under 60 tons)
221
6,106
2,268
221
6,106
2,268
(Junks)
232
32,632
3,128
232
32,632
3,128
Netherland East Indies
10
23,712
512
111
397,895
12,117
121
421,607
12,629
Philippine Islands
35
290,832
11,753
99
568,768
11,280
134
859,600
23,033
Russia in Asia
1
62
1
62
Siam
42
62,151
3,872
99
107,712
6,869
141
169,863
10,741
South America
5,144
37
19
103,067
1,790
20
108,211
1,827
United States of America Sweden
63 281,874
4,737
170
1,044.461
20.976
233
1,326,335
25,713
8
30,280
278
8
30,280
278
TOTAL
5,147
8.935.444
453,758
11,707
9,196,499
360,978
16,854 18,131,943
814,736
COUNTRIES TO WHICH
Table IV.
NUMBER, TONNAGE, AND CREWS OF FOREIGN-GOING VESSELS
CLEARED IN THE COLONY OF HONG KONG TO EACH COUNTRY IN THE YEAR 1937.
D 13-
BRITISH.
FOREIGN.
GRAND TOTAL.
DEPARTED.
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
Fuel Oil.
Bunker
Coal.
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
Fuel Oil.
Bunker
Coal.
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews. Fuel Oil.
Bunker
Coal.
Australia & Pacific Islands including
New Zealand
40
ته
122,872 4,195
10,103
5,130
20
77,280
2,089
British North Borneo
39
3,360
60
93,995 3,224
200,152
6,284
387
10,103
9,450
14
31,001
8,490
687
Canada
28
1,500
53
291,691
12,428
124,996
3,911
387
2,850
1
2,694
10,950
30
29
India including Mauritius
112
400,987
294,385
14,490
12,458
9,230
129
459,341
2,850
8,505
250
South Africa
5
15,862
2,937
241
860,328
360
22,995
250
18
61,019
12,167
1,923
Straits Settlements & F.M.S.,
25
4,685
23.
53,595
76,881
2,618
140
2,283
6,635
62
4,685
123,112
United Kingdom
5,097
85
107
7,904
87
595,857
15,269
176,707
20,890
7,715
225
3,240
14,539
33
194,305
4,734
140
China
1,165
2,117,816
109,679
790,162
2,775
20,003
98,759
20,890
922
1,857,128
""
(River Steamers)
1,889
82,739
3,240
5,720
35,641
2,037
1,724,814
135,306
3,974,944
192,418
333
44,429
8,495
608
307,601
34,828
134,400
""
(Steamships under 60 tons)
1,374
7,588
2,497
2,032,415
170,134
1,707
1,839
47,586
52,017
23,786
""
(Junks)
1,839
47,586
23,786
6,077
780,199
Denmark
57,971
6,077
780,199
57,971
14
Europe, Not specially mentioned
72,955
548
14
72,955
548
13
48,789
499
France
J
450
13
48,789
499
450
33
235,831
6,303
850
Formosa
11
14,897
1,100
33
235,831
6,303
850
518
2,235
114
154,941
1,100
6,827
515
520
Germany
125
10
43,478
169,838
7,345
515
748
2,755
460
49
301,948
Holland
6,269
v,450
59
345,426
7,017
12
61,099
6,910
739
Italy
12
61,099
739
19
French Indo-China
170,253
5,900
500
2,420
19
251
393,353
170,253
17,941
5,900
500
70
42,399
2,420
275
Japan
418,932
15,510
70
25,987
526
205
976,141
812,285
26,036
20,124
33,451
140
29,020
312
Maçao
1,246,382
68,386
26,686
5,190
2
13,280
517
1,440
2,222,523
149
52,772
25,314
298
42,300
11
7,322
488
430
""
(River Steamers)
1,088
.13
8,762
1,323,412
637
84,629
728
11,820
254
57,004
7,762
30
}}
(Steamships under 60 tons)
39
976
1,342
1,380,416
92,391
30
209
5,811
12,796
(Junks)
2,195
209
5,811
2,195
215
31,260
Netherland East Indies
3,506
215
21
Philippine Islands
42
Russia in Asia
Siam
South America
United States of America Sweden
45
52
3 & 32
31,260
60,443
1,089
5,221
3,506
96
386,815
11,530
180
3,860
117
314,679 13,159,
75,107
447,258
12,619
180
220
6,890
142
769,746
9,081
15,113
330
1,730
184
1,084,425
28,272
550
2,995
8,620
203
31
4
2,995
4,026
203
31
15,052
95
102,848
6,724
28,850
140
177,955
10,750
43,902
31
169,621
3,346
9
400
31
262,466 4,893
169,621
1,000
3,346
9
400
740
161
956,857
18,481
460
213
1,219,323
23,374
1,460
740
34,201
297
9
34,201
297
TOTAL
5,137 8,882,905 450,807 56,042
293,858 11,791
9,176,876 361,315
15,594
150,068
16,928 | 18,059,781
812,122
71,636
443,926
D 14
Table V.
NUMBER, TONNAGE AND CREWS of FOREIGN GOING VESSELS of EACH NATION ENTERED at PORTS in the COLONY of HONG KONG in the YEAR 1937.
ENTERED.
NATIONALITY.
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
British,
2,162 5,874,910 233,823
River Steamers,
2,985
3,060,534 219,935
American,
159
1,101,762
24,147
Chinese,
394
533,502
31,957
River Steamers,
871
368,755
42,590
Junks,
6,189
801,465
59,665
Danish,
117
340,169
6,775
Dutch,
228
887,259
27,051
French,
187
611,597
21,683
Italian,
57
411,066
13,177
Japanese,
671
2,178,901
51,799
Norwegian,
535
977,698
33,785
Portuguese,
79
44,746
6,838
German,
138
739,293
13,837
Swedish,
20
77,613
669
Belgian,
Panamanian,
14
45,661
706
Greek,
7
19,154
259
Russian,
10
5
2,995
265
Honduras,
1
468
26
Hungarian,
1
1,509
27
Steamships under 60 tons)
trading to ports outside the Colony,
2,034
52,886
25,722
TOTAL,
16,854 18,131,943
814,736
.
D 15
Table VI,
NUMBER, TONNAGE and CREWS of FOREIGN GOING VESSELS of EACH NATION CLEARED at PORTS in the
COLONY of HONG KONG in the YEAR 1937.
CLEARED.
NATIONALITY.
Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
British,
2,160
5,834,679 230,872
River Steamers,
2,977
3,048,226 - 219,935
American,
159
1,106,062
23,629
Chinese,
363
490,311
30,737
River Steamers,
862
364,605
42,590
21
Junks,
6,292
811,459
61,477
Danish,
117
340,169
6,740
Dutch,
227
888,942
27,909
French,
187
611,597
21,504
Italian,
57
400,599
12,582
Japanese,
672
2,186,791
51,415
Norwegian,
539
985,454
34,016
Portuguese,
78
44,095
6,787
German,
137
738,376
13,716
Swedish,
20
77,613
662
Panamanian,
19
53,280
978
Belgian,
Greek,
7
19,154
265
Russian,
5
2,995
265
Honduras,
1
- 468
32
Hungarian,
1
1,509
30
Steamships under 60 tons)
trading to ports outside
2,048
53,397
25,981
the Colony,
TOTAL,
16,928 18,059,781
812,122
D 16
Table VII.
NATIONALITY OF CREWS.
OTHER EURO-
VESSELS.
BRITISH.
ASIATICS.
1936. 1937. 1936. 1937.
PEAN AND AMERICANS.
1936. 1937. 1936. 1937.
5,528 5,127 48,404 44,616 3,073 1,512 421,927 407,630
4,431 3,484 1,235| 682 58,720 66,292 242,573 208,617
British,
Foreign,
Total,
9,959 8,611 49,639 45,298 61,793 67,804 664,500 616,247
BRITISH SHIPS.
FOREIGN SHIPS.
1936.
1937.
1936.
1937.
%
%
%
%
Percentage of British
crew,
10.22
09.83
00.41
00.25
Percentage of crew,
other Europeans and
Americans,
00.65
00.33
19.41
24.05
Percentage of crew,
Asiatics
89.13
89.84
80.18
75.70
Total
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
D 17
Table VIII.
The River Steamer Trade 1936 & 1937.
Year.
Import Tons.
Export Tons.
Passengers.
1936,
250,405
283,821
2,694,983
1937,
296,887
324,771
2,853,830
Table IX.
JUNKS.
IMPORTS.
1936.
1937.
Junks.
Tonnage.
Junks.
Tonnage.
Foreign Trade
7,379 1,053,903
6.189 801,465
Local Trade
11,483 498,296
9,936 331,259
Total
18,862 1,552,199
16,125 | 1,132,724
EXPORTS.
1936.
1937.
Junks.
Tonnage.
Junks.
Tonnage.
Foreign Trade
7,817 | 1,117,683
6,292 811,459
Local Trade
11,720
501,932
10,160 653,058
Total
19,537 1,619,615 16,452 1,464,517
Table X.
TOTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, PASSENGERS AND CARGOES OF JUNKS (FOREIGN TRADE) ENTERED IN THE COLONY OF HONG KONG, FROM PORTS ON THE COAST OF CHINA AND MACAO IN THE YEAR 1937.
18
CARGO.
BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Vessels. Tons.
Crew.
Passen- Cargo, Vessels. gers. Tons.
Tons. Crew.
Passen-
gers.
Vessels. Tons. Crew.
Passen- Cargo,
gers.
Tons.
Canton
584 142,168 5,574
56,037 421 110,775 4,272
1,005
252,943 9,846
56,037
West River
2,999
Macao
88
703
397,300 37,941 44,616 237,987
8,019
419 60,190 4,750
3,418
457,490 42,691 44,616 237,987
3,518
1.44 24,613 2,425
232
32,632 3,128
3,518
East Coast
****
1,461 51,986
3,183
34,996
20 3,037 698
1,481
55,023 3,881
34,996
West Coast
53
3,377
119
2,391
53
3,377
119
2,391
Total
5,185
602,850 47,520 44,616 | 334,929
1,004 198,615 12,145
6,189
801,465 59,665 44,616 | 334,929
Table XI.
TOTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREws, PassengerRS AND CARGOES OF JUNKS (FOREIGN TRADE) CLEARED IN THE COLONY OF HONG KONG, FOR PORTS ON the Coast of CHINA AND MACAO IN THE YEAR 1937.
CARGO.
BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Vessels. Tons. Crew.
Fassen- Cargo, gers. Tons.
Vessels. Tons Crew.
Passen-
gers.
Vessels. Tons. Crew.
Passen- Cargo, gers. Tons.
Canton
1,051
260,840 10,987
231,057
West River
2,606
...
331,510 | 31,673 | 40,325 120,615
826
Macao
186
28,245
3,068
20,860
East Coast
1,390
62,840 3,327
5,508
119
74 4,053 550
114,238 10,388
29 3,015 438
5,963
1,125 264,893 11,537 40,325 231,057
3,432
445,748 42,061
120,615
215
31,260 3,506
20,860
926
1,509
68,803 4,253
5,508
****
West Coast
11
755
120
561
11
755
120
561
...
Total
D 19
5,244
684,190
49,175 40,325 | 378,601
1,048 127,269 12,302
6,292
811,459 61,477 40,325 378,601
Table XII.
Statement of Licensed Steam Launches ENTERED in the Colony of Hong Kong during the year 1937.
TOWING.
NOT TOWING.
TOTAL.
PLACES.
Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo. Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo. Vessels. Tonnage Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo.
Do..
Within the Waters of the Colony, 1937.
1936.
1,035 | 16,499 9,072 398 1,084 19,540 | 11,324 170
628
8,610 308,011 | 104,393 |220,813 8,764 |313,183 | 104,824 247,154
2,493
9,645 | 324,510 113,465 |221,211
3,121
3,157
9,848 332,723 | 116,148 247,324
3,157
20
Outside the Waters of the Colony:-
Canton
609 16,116 7,071
75
1,780
788
684 17,896 7,859
}
West River
315 10,699 4,455
80
22
928
286
705
49
337 11,627 4,741
705
129
Macao
74 1,547 787
147
4,559 1,481
165
94
221
6,106 2,268
94
East Coast
Other Places
66
1,791 726
58
1,617
638
124
3,408 1,364
543 10,570 7,881
58
125
3,279 1,609
1,390
71
668 13,849 9,490 1,448
71
Total
1,607 40,723❘ 20,920
58
80
427 12,163 4,802
2,095 214
2,034 52,886 | 25,722 2,153
294
Table XIII.
Statement of Licensed Steam Launches CLEARED in the Colony of Hong Kong during the year, 1937.
TOWING.
NOT TOWING.
TOTAL.
PLACES.
Vessels
Ton-
nage.
Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo.
Bunker
Coal.
Vessels
Ton-
nage.
Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo.
Bunker
Coal.
Vessels
Ton
nage.
Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Bunker
Cargo.
Coal.
Within the Waters of the Colony, 1937. 1,322 20,480 11,984 1936. 1,387 24,334 14,462
Do.,
178
54
45
—
933 8,412 309,729 101,913 215,32411,549 4,285 9,734 330,209 113,897 215,502 11,603 5,218 1,409 8,507 310,068 102,126241,884 3,494 5,176 9,894 334,402 116,588 241,929 3,494 6,585
21
Outside the Waters of the Colony:-
Canton
662 17,610 7,737
5,395 3,850
3222
678 337
|
305
694 18,288
8,074
5,395 4,155
West River
312 |10,613 | 4,398
856 5,307
25
25 942 301
587
59
200
337 11,555 4,699 587
915 5,507
Macao
East Coast
Other Places
70 1,412
786
200
139 4,399 1,409
1
315
186
209 5,811 2,195
315
386
85 2,332
596 11,801 8,472
910
776
45
1,308
495
406
130 3,640 1,405
1,182
78
2,517
82 2,302 1,136 1,480
61
286
678 14,103 9,608
1,558
61 2,803
Total
1,725 43,768 22,303
78 6,251 12,650
323 9,629 3,678 2,067
435 1,383 2,048 53,397 25,981
2,145 6,686 14,033
D 22
Table XIV.
Total Number and Tonnage of Vessels excluding Steam Launches ENTERED at each Port in the Colony of Hong Kong
during the year, 1937.
STATION.
BRITISH.
FOREIGN.
TOTAL.
Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage.
Aberdeen
352 22,632 352 22,632
Cheung Chau
356
15,299
356
15,299
Saikung
190
4,685
190
4,685
Tai O
51
2,912
51
2,912
Tsuen Wan ..
389
24,764 389
24,764
Victoria
5,147 8,935,444 18,271 9,404,580 23,418 18,340,024
Total
5,147 8,935,444 19,609 9,474,872 24,756 18,410,316
Table XV.
Total Number and Tonnage of Vessels excluding Steam Launches CLEARED at each Port in the Colony of Hong Kong
during the year, 1937.
STATION.
BRITISH.
FOREIGN.
TOTAL.
Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage.
Aberdeen
Cheung Chau
Saikung
Tai O
Tsuen Wan
Victoria
144 22,116 144 22,116
250
16,766
250
16,766
190
4,685
190
4,685
51
2,912
51
2,912
389
24,764
389
24,764
5,137 8,882,905 18,779 9,705,294 23,916 18,588, 199
Total
5,137 8,882,905 19,803 9,776,537 24,940 18,659,442
D 23
Table XVI.
Table showing total Shipping of all classes at the Port of
Hong Kong during the years 1918 to 1937.
TOTAL TONNAGE
YEAR.
TOTAL TONNAGE TOTAL TONNAGE ALL CLASSES. OCEAN GOING.
OCEAN GOING
BRITISH.
1918
29,518,189
9,745,469
3,627,576
1919
35,615,169
14,467,847
6,842,024
1920
40,122,527
17,574,636
8,351,084
1921
43,420,970
20,064,611
9,247,198
1922
46,566,764
21,971,162
9,688,891
1923
53,402,239
25,894,058
11,222,141
1924
56,731,077
27,874,830
11,844,752
1925
49,520,523
23,653,774
9,866,820
1926
43,796,436
21,314,696
9,257,417
1927
44,127,161
25,700,164
9,660,440
1928
44,883,765
26,894,395
10,792,701
1929
47,186,181
28,285,741
11,151,152
1930
42,190,612
29,350,807
11,357,605
1931
44,150,021
29,446,145
11,540,844
1932
43,824,906
29,269,073
12,201,690
1933
43,043,381
29,368,877
12,014,232
1934
41,914,022
28,905,526
12,035,087
1935
43,473,979
30,706,571
12,510,998
1936
41,731,016
29,969,666
11,943,751
1937
37,830,760
27,630,397
11,709,589
Tons.
1918
1919
- D 24
Table XVII.
DIAGRAM SHEWING TOTAL SHIPPING ALL CLASSES
1918-1937.
57,000,000
56,000,000
55,000,000
54,000,000
53,000,000
52,000,000
51,000,000
50,000,000
49,000,000
48,000,000
47,000,000
46,000,000
45,000,000
44,000,000
43,000,000
42,000,000
41,000,000
40,000,000
39,000,000
38,000,000
87,000,000
36,000,000
35,000,000
34,000,000
33,000,000
32,000,000
31,000,000
30,000,000 29,000,000
!
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
-1927
·8761
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
37,830,760
D 25
Table XVII.
DIAGRAM SHEWING OCEAN GOING SHIPPING BRITISH
AND FOREIGN ENTERED AND CLEARED 1918-1937.
Tons.
31,000,000
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
30,000,000
29,000,000
28,000,000
27,500,000
27,000,000
26,500,000
26,000,000
25,500,000
25,000,000
24,500,000
24,000,000
23,500,000
23,000,000
22,500,000
22,000,000
21,500,000
21,000,000
20,500,000
20,000,000
19,500,000
19,000,000
18,500,000
18,000,000
17,500,000
17,000,000
16,500,000
16,000,000
15,500,000
15,000,000
14,500,000
14,000,000
13,500,000
13,000,000
12,500,000
12,000,000
11,500,000
11,000,000
10,500,000
10,000,000
9,500,000
27,630,397
8,000,000
7,500,000
7,000,000
6.500.000
6,000,000
5,500,000
5,000,000
4,500,000
4,000,000
3,500,000
1918
1919
1920
Tons.
24.500.000
24.000.000
23,500,000
23.000.000
22.500.000
22.000.000
21.500.000
21.000.000
20.500.000
20,000,000
19.500.000
19,000,000
18,500,000
18.000.000
17.500.000
17.000.000
16,500,000
16.000.000
15,500,000
15.000.000
14.500.000
14.000.000
13.500.000
13.000.000
12,500,000 12.000.000
11.500,000
11,000,000
10,500,000
10,000,000
9.500.000
9,000,000
8.500.000
11,709,589
1921
1922
1923
1924
D 26
Table XIX.
DIAGRAM SHEWING OCEAN GOING SHIPPING BRITISH ONLY, ENTERED AND CLEARED 1918-1937.
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
Table XX.
Return of Ships Registered at the Port of Hong Kong during the year 1937.
D 27
Name of Ship.
Official Registered Horse Power No. Tonnage.
Rig.
Build.
Where and
When built.
Remarks
1. Chin Tong Kong
152,098
281
Nil
2. Hoi Ma
3. Island Trader
"Bremerhaven❞
159,457
17
B.H.P. 16
Junk
ex
159,458
959
Estimated
Not
Carvel do.
Clinker Vegesack
N.H.P. 106
4. Taikoo Cheong
159,459
10
B.H.P. 220
Not
Carvel Hong Kong
Clinker Hong Kong ...1922 Formerly owned by British & Chinese
subjects "Chin Tong Kong' "Septentrio'
...1937 1st. Registry (New Vessel)
.1920 Formerly under the German Flag as "Bremerhaven"
...1937 1st. Registry (New Vessel)
ex
5. Tung Hsing
159,460
N.H.P. 5
Cutter
do.
do.
...1937
⚫ do.
6. Fei Lim
159,455
7
do.
do.
do.
...1936
do.
do.
do.
7. Fu Tau Shan ex
159,426
B.H.P. 40
do.
Canton
"Sam Hay I"
2
.1934 Formerly owned by Japanese & Chinese subjects as "Sam Hay I".
8. Muliama
159,461
384
N.H.P. 76
Not
Clinker Hong Kong ...1937 1st. Registry (New Vessel)
9. Fei Loong
159,462
9
B.H.P. 18
Cutter
Carvel
do.
...1937 do.
do.
10. Highwayman
159,463
10
B.H.P. 25
do.
11. Leana ex "Tapti'
144,397
2,915
N.H.P. 653
Not
do.
Clinker Rostock
do.
...1937
do.
do.
12. Punai
159,464
8
B.H.P. 6
Yawl
13. Moamoa
159,465
296
B.H.P. 460
14. Gwyn
159,466
11
B.H.P. 40
Carvel Hong Kong Not Clinker Nil Carvel
.1914 Registry transferred from London. ...19371st. Registry (New Vessel)
do.
..1937
...1936
do.
do.
do.
15. Bou Regreg
153,733
182
N.H.P. 32
Pole Mast Clinker
16. Yanawai
159,467
225
N.H.P. 70
Nil
do.
17. Sai Kong
159,468
49
B.H.P. 80
Nil
Carvel
do.
18. Tai Yu Shan
159.469
59
B.H.P. 160
Nil
do.
do.
19. Tai Koo
159,470
126
N.H.P. 268
Not
Clinker
do.
do. Dartmouth ....1925 Registry transferred from Gibraltar. Hong Kong ...1937 1st. Registry (New Vessel) ...1917 1st. Registry.
...19191st. Registry (formerly unregistered vessel known as "Kwong Sai”). ...19371st. Registry (New Vessel)
do.
Table XXI.
Return of Registers of Ships Cancelled at the Port of Hong Kong during the year 1937.
Reason of Cancellation.
- D 28
Name of Ship.
Official No. Tonnage.
Registered
Date of
Registry.
Rig.
Build.
Where and When built.
1. Cheong Lee
153,584
3
2. Chief Capilano
145,168 6,791
25. 3.1925
21. 2.1928
3. Going
137,687
11. 6.1915
4. Anjou
135,014
354
25. 7.1923
None
5., Pak Wan Shan
153,567
50
30.10.1924
None
6. Hau Hoi I
151,417
54
13. 1.1921
None
Carvel
do.
7. Taikoo Cheong
128,716
12
30. 7.1912
nil
do.
do.
8. Hai Ning
153,543
840
5. 5.1924
Schooner Clinker
9. Hop Sang
114,748
1,359
13.11.1924
F. and A.
America
Glasgow
Schooner
10. Kaituna
120,467
1,208
17. 9.1931
do.
11. Taikoo Koong
133,231
14
30. 7.1912
nil
12. Kwong Fook Cheung.
152,106
538
26. 5.1923
None
do.
do. Carvel Hong Kong ...1911| Clinker
None Carvel Hong Kong Schooner Clinker Guslemunde Chinese Carvel Hong Kong sail
Clinker Nantes do. Hong Kong
...1923 Transferred to Chinese registry. ...1917 Sold to Foreigner (Philippino subject). ...1915 Abandoned as a total loss.
.1899 Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject). ...1924 Sold to Foreigners (Chinese subjects). ...1916 Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject). ...1909 Vessel broken up.
.1896 Sold to Foreigners (Philippino subjects). .1901 Abandoned as a total loss.
Sunderland ....1904 Sold to Foreigners (Chinese subjects).
do.
do.
...1923 Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject).
13. Hoi Ma
159,457
17
22. 1.1937
Junk
Carvel
do.
14. Fei Lim
159,455
7
12. 7.1937
Cutter
do.
do.
15. Snipe
154,010
17
13. 8.1927
Chinese do.
do.
16. Kaitangata
125,625
1,202
10. 3.1930
F.and A. Clinker Sunderland
Schooner
17. Gwyn
159,466
11
18.10.1937
18. Praesident
102,240
767
29. 1.1901
nil
Barque
Carvel Hong Kong Wood Staranger
.1937 Sold to Foreigner (Philippino subject). ...1936 Registry transferred to London. ...1904 Totally wrecked.
...1907 Totally lost.
...1936 Sold to H. K. Naval Volunteer Corps. ..1875 Register noted under authority of the Registrar General of Shipping and Seamen, London.
-
D 29
Table XXII.
Passenger Trade for the Port for the year 1937.
Passengers.
Emigrants.
Class of Vessels.
No. of Ships.
Arrived. Departed. Returned Departed
British Ocean Going,
4,322
287,291 293,193
43,204 | 128,781
Foreign Ocean Going,
5,202
301,934 283,820
58,425 103.544
British River Steamers,
5,962 1,333,784 1,230,673
Foreign River Steamers,
1,733 143,477 145,896
Total,
17,219 | 2,066,486 1,953,587 101,629 232,325
Steamlaunches, Foreign Trade, 4,082 2,143 2,145
Junks, Foreign Trade,
12,481 46,616 40,323
Total, Foreign Trade. 33,782 2,115,245 1,996,055 101,629 232,325
Steamlaunches, Local Trade,
19,379
221,211 215,502
Junks, Local Trade,
20,096
5,337 5,267,
Total Local Trade,
39,475 226,548 220,769
Grand Total,
73,257 2,341,793 2,216,824 101,629 232,325
Table XXIII.
Summary of Chinese Emigrants from Hong Kong to Ports other than in China, during the year 1937.
BRITISH SHIPS.
FOREIGN SHIPS.
GRAND TOTAL.
D 30
PORTS.
Adults.
Children.
Adults.
Children.
Adults.
Children.
Total.
Total.
Total
M. F.
M. F.
M. F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
Australia
746
13
Africa
72
13
כא כא
17
13 789
24
10
4
5
94
77
24
7
15
47
39
770
23
21
113
149
37
12
22
14
828
*9
207
British East Africa
9
3
1
12
.9
31
12
Portuguese, East Africa
21
1
British Borneo
7,279
1,513
419
335 9,546
531
150
51
Dutch Borneo
142
40 22]
12
216
41
143
23
21
11
10
23
46
12
778
7,810 1,663
470
381
10,324
13
146
441
25)
14
229
Calcutta
1,250
159
80
46 1,535
1,250
159
80
46
1,535
Canada
3,261)
2561
127
56
3,700)
2451
14
14
པ་
1]
274
3,506
270
141
57
3,974
Cuba (Havana)
I
51
1
52
51
1
52
Dutch Indies
103
16
1
122 23,572 4,155 2,004
912 30,643 23,675
4,171
2,C05|
914
30,765.
Fiji
671
2
Honolulu
295
88
38
802
72
671
2
2
1
72
- 25
446 211 112
Madagscus Island (Tamatave)
109
Į
1131 252 33
Mauritius
37
11
Mexico
New Guinea (Raboul)
New Zealand (Dunedin)
69
10
58
14
допами
6
1
53 285 130
61
297
18
apac
32
19 374
506
200
70
44
820
1
292
361
37
405
35
511
322 141
36
564
5
326
297 18
326
3
כא
921
69
14
92
10
10
Nauru Island
300
300
300
Ocean Island
16
16
16
111
111
10
300
16
Panama (Balboa)
642
76
16
742
642 76
16
8
742
Rangoon
7,498 1,540
647
375 10,060
664
166
48
32
910
8,162 1,706
695
407 10,970
Rodriguez
8
7
Sumatra (Bel. Deli)
Straits Settlements
Tahiti
80
1931 661 39,031 46,551 8,715 18
27
99
United States of America
Total for 1937
Total for 1936
90
131 299 2,803 713 236 128 6,826 101,123|26,769 24,537 5,784
61 96 2,401 3051 187 60,648 50,304 10,117 7,712 128,781 58,866 30,459 8,463 43,774126,450 4,930 3,767 78,927|46,267|19,967 4,897 Total passengers by British Ships
""
Foreign
Excess of passengers by British Ships
8 3 2,996 779 263 141 4,179 61,574 65,800 71.088 14,499 11,310 162,697 80 18 1 99 74 2,967 2,491 30 193 741 3,063 5,756 103,544 119,514 80,763 18,580 13,468 232,325 3,116 74,243 90,037 46,422 9,827 6,883 153,170
60,648 50,304|10,117| 7,712 128,781 58,866 30,459 8,463 5,756 103,544
1,78219,84 1,654 1,956 25,237
3
31
21
7
3
21
3,880
4,484
Table XXIV.
Statement of Average Number of Emigrants from Hong Kong to Ports other than in China, for Quinquennial Periods from 1900 to 1935 inclusive.
1900.
66,961
1905. 1910. 1915. 73,105 88,452 109,110
Table XXV.,
1920.
1925. 1930. 1935. 84,602 129,004 235,141 99,104
Number of Male and Female Emigrants from Hong Kong to Ports other than in China, for Ten Years, from 1928 to 1937.
D 31
Whither bound.
1928.
1929.
1930.
1931.
1932.
1933.
1934. 1935.
1936.
1937.
Straits Settlements, Males,
129,089
Straits Settlements, Females,
40,652
113,036 88,498 35,606 13,618 33,480 32,887 14,895 7,169
14,767
8,769
55,803-
35,517
69,793 56,629 80,299 37,188 45,096 82,398
Total,
169,741
146,516
121,385
50,501
20,787
23,536
91,320
106,981 101,725
162,697
Other Ports, Males, Other Ports, Females,
77,815
73.426
58 879
9,606
7,581
8,636
44 504
5 864
30,149 29,151
34.406
4,703
4,828
6,258
35,559 43,235 57,795 6,975 8,210 11,833
Total,
87,421
81,007
67,515
50,368
34,852
33,979
40,664
42,534 51,445 69,628
Grand Total,
257,162
227,523
188,900
100,869
55,639
57,515
131,984
149,515 153,170 232,325
Table XXVI.
Summary of Chinese Emigrants Returned to Hong Kong from Ports other than in China during the year 1937.
BRITISH SHIPS.
FOREIGN SHIPS.
GRAND TOTAL.
D 32 -
PORTS.
Adults.
Children.
Adults.
Children.
Adults.
Children.
Total.
Total.
Total.
M. F.
M.
F.
M. F. M. F.
M.
F. M.
F.
Australia
288
9 11
5
313
288
9
11
51
313
Bangkok
752
192
102
65
1,111 5,153
1,191|
604|
517
7,465
5,905 1,383
706
582
8,576
British Borneo
815
311
156!
130
1,412
4'
2
1!
7
819 313
157
130
1,419
Dutch Borneo
3
3
1
11
61
11
9
4
5
4
22
Bombay
30
Calcutta
4,126 1,853
808
618
7,405
Canada
243
93
48! 21
405
65
க8
12
49
30
12
5
2
49
| 4,126
1,853
808
618
7,405
5
1
72
308
98
49
22
477
Continent of Europe
148
331 14
13
208
598
174
66
38
876
746 207!
80
51
1,084
Delagoa Bay
90
22
15
10
137! 90
22
15
10
137
Dutch Indies
12,918 3,002 2,387 1,823
20,130 12,918 3,002 2,387
1,823
20,130
Honolulu..
35
9
2
2
48
35
9
2
2
48
Mauritius
89 21
17
136 89
21
17
9
136
Rangoon
South Africa
2,010 587, 431 304
3,332 1,128
383
270
158
1,939, 3,133
9701
701
4621
5,271
413
129
70
46!
658 413
129
70
46
658
South America
81
56
12
10
Straits Settlements Sumatra (Belawan Deli).. U. S. A.
17,062 6,216 3,242 2,487
Total for 1937
Total for 1936
25,447 9,297, 4,816 3,644| 30,503 10,172) 6,008 4,499,
29,007 12,297 4,338 2,368 1,838 3,391 1,162 665 528
· 981
· 37 9
43,204 36,396 10,544 6,493 4,992 51,182 43,753 11,649 8,091 5,966
Total number of passengers by Foreign Ships British
>>
58,425 61,843 19,841 11,309 8,636 101,629 69,459 74,256 21,821 14,099 10,465 120,641
36,396 10,544 6,493 4,992 25,447 9,297 4,816 3,644||
58,425
43,204
159 20,841 29,359 10,554
81
56
12 10
159
5,610 4,325 5,746 3,391 1,162 665 528 151 98 371 9
49,848
5,746
7
151
"
>>
32
Excess of passengers by Foreign Ships
10,949 1,247 1,677| 1,348 15,221
Table XXVII.
Statement of Average Number of Emigrants Returned to Hong Kong from Ports other than in China, for Quinquennial Periods from 1900 to 1935 inclusive.
1900.
109,534
1905.
187,814
1910.
146,585
1915.
151,728
1920.
100,641
1925. 1930. 129,106 181,227
1935.
176,707
Table XXVIII.
Number of Male and Female Emigrants Returned to Hong Kong from Ports other than in China, for Ten Years, from 1928 to 1937.
Whither bound.
1928.
1929.
1930.
1931.
1932.
1933.
1934.
1935.
1936.
1937.
D. 33
Straits Settlements, Males,
100,116
Straits Settlements, Females,
97,960 120,964 134,147 20,577 23,117 28,960 35,572
98,606
30,011
51,303 40,881 42,148 18,107 13,677 14,649
46,389 34,969 18,806 14,879
Total,
120,693
121,007
149,924 | 169,719
128,617
69,410
54,558
56,797 65,195 49,848
Other Ports, Males, Other Ports, Females,
58,515 55,412 62,803 94,331 85,690 8,639 8,901 10,409 19,840 18,089
58,218 47,847 44,477 41,966 38,183 13,505 11,289 11,146 13,480 13,598
Total,
67,154
64,313 73,212 114,171 103,779 71,723 59,136 55,623
55,446 51,781
Grand Total,
187,847
185,390 223,136 283,890 232,396 141,133 113,694 112,420
120,641 101,629
- D 34
Table XXIX,
Bunker Coal and Oil shipped during 1937.
EXPORTS.
Class.
1936.
1937.
Coal
Oil
Coal
No.
No.
Oil
Tons.
Tons.
Tons.
Tons.
Steamers,
5,499 337,989
54,291
4,749 379,113
69,899
River Steamers,
4,485 83,470
1,124
3,839 64,813
1,737
Total,
9,984 421,459 55,415
8,588 443,926
71,636
D 35
www
Table XXX,
Comparative Return of Work performed by the Government Marine Surveyor's Department for 3 years ending
31/12/37.
YEAR.
ITEM.
1935. 1936. 1937.
Surveys for Passenger and Safety
Certificate including Radio
19
61
74
Surveys for Passenger Certificate
93
47
18
Surveys for Safety Radio Telegraphy
Certificates
16
38
54
Surveys for Loadline Certificate
40
41
36
Surveys for Bottom Certificate
4
7
4
Surveys for Emigration Licence
102
91
95
Measurement of Tonnage for British
Registry
Measurement of Tonnage not for
British Registry
16
14
28
6
7
03
2
Measurement of Tonnage for Suez
Canal
I
4
Measurement of Tonnage for Panama
Canal
1
Inspection and Certification of Light
and Sound Signals
11
16
Inspection and Certification of Life
Saving Appliances
11
Machinery and Boiler Plans
45
==
14
94
2255
24
20
85
Surveys of Boilers during Construc-
tion
2
3
Surveys of Government Land Boilers.
39
49
53
Surveys of Launches for plying
Licences
666
631
610
Surveys of Government Launches
and Harbour Buoys, etc.
1,413
1,400
1,510
Ships' Plans Examined
405
232
238
Inclining Experiments
11
New Lifeboats Surveyed during Con-
struction
9
31
98
New Buoyant Apparatus Surveyed
during construction
727
598
519
Lifejackets Inspected and Stamped... Lifebuoys Inspected and Stamped Engineers Examined B.O.T. Certi-
ficates
15,085
11,195
16,330
250
680
586
47
39
26
Engineers Examined Local Certi-
'ficates
128
121
91
Estimated Total Number of Visits in
connection with Surveys
5,618
5,528
5,117
:
- D 36
Table XXXI.
During the year 1987, there has been stored in the Govern-
ment Gunpowder Depót, Green Island:-
No.
Approxi-
of
mate
Cases.
Weight.
ibs.
Gunpowder, privately owned
674
32,339
Government owned
49
2,437
Cartridges, privately owned
14,722
1,685,159
Explosives, privately owned
22,126
2,344,634
Government owned
505
30,775
Non-explosives, privately owned
385
104,235
During the same period there has been delivered out of the
Depót.
No.
Approxi-
of
mate
Cases.
Weight.
For Sale in the Colony:
lbs.
+---
Gunpowder
31
775
Cartridges
1,678
572,635
Explosive Compounds
7,470
743,194
Non-explosives
6
3,126
For Export:
Gunpowder
264
15,864
Cartridges
11,942
1,043,098
Explosive Compounds
11,279
1,457,213
Non-explosives
369
100,359
Government owned:-
Gunpowder
14
737
Explosive Compounds
296
20,061
On 31st December, 1937, there remains as follows:
No.
Approxi-
of
mate
Cases.
Weight.
lbs.
Gunpowder, privately owned
369
15,700
Cartridges, privately owned.
Explosives, privately owned
Government owned
Government owned
35
1,700
1,102
69,426
3,377
244,227
209
10,714
Non-explosives, privately owned
10
750
Table XXXII.
Lighthouses and Signal Stations.
TYPHOON &
LIGHTHOUSE OR SIGNAL STATION.
VESSELS
SIGNALLED.
MESSAGES MESSAGES SENT.
PERIODS
RECEIVED.
OF FOG.
HOURS FOG
SIGNALS
SOUNDED.
FOG
SIGNALS
NON-LOCAL
FIRED.
SIGNALS
HOISTED.
Gap Rock,
883*
2,842
585
29
174
1,075
Waglan,
Green Island,
3,283+
3,842
939
54
406
G
1,565
201
130
Kowloon Signal Station.
2,714
*
Including 194 reported by Flash Lamp.
+ Including 1,035 reported by Flash Lamp.
8
74
D 37
D 38
Table XXXIII.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1936 and 1937.
A.-HARBOUR DEPARTMENT.
Sub-head of Expenditure.
Amount 1936 Amount 1937
$
$
540,983.32
587,685.85
*Personal Emoluments
Other Charges:-
Chain Cable
5,456.23
Coal and Oil Fuel for Launches
199,574.16
172,161.09
Coal for Offices
...
4,429.29
4,649.25
Conveyance Allowances
5,047.37
4,903.02
Drawing Materials, G.M.S. Office...
359.03
354.84
Electric Fans and Light
1,181.02
1.299.13
Examination Fees
1,380.00
.600.00
Expenses of numbering Boats
1,320.22
1,497.39
Fees
to
unofficial members of
Marine Court
60.00
Incidental Expenses
.2.448.56
3,029.41
Launch Moorings and Buoys
Navigational Moorings & Buoys...
2,196.55
7,966.00
Ocean Steamship Moorings and
Buoys
17,147.03
19,746.00
Rent Light & Water Allowances
for Slipway Staff
3,243.00
3,189.00
Rent of Public Telephones
542.85
Repairs, Minor improvements and Stores for Launches & Boats
132,267.31
181,730.71
Slipway at Yaumati, Maintenance... Stores & Equipment for Lighthouses.) Transport
1,928.10
2,059.02
12,338.52
11,676.38
Uniforms
413.12 4,891.57
533.59
5,481.32
Total Personal Emoluments and
Other Charges C.F.
931,148.17 1,014,620.58
Includes Officers of Senior Clerical and Accounting staff and Junior
Clerical Services.
D 39
Table XXXIII,-Continued.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1936 and 1937,-Contd.
A. HARBOUR DEPARTMENT.
Sub-head of Expenditure.
Amount 1936 Amount 1937
$
¢
Brought forward
SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.
New Engine to H. D. 8.
931,148.17 1,014,620.58
8,900.00
Conversion of Old Police Launch 1
1,172.00
Safe for Green Island
150.00
New Engine for Kau Sing Motor Boat
3,500.00
Hire of Tugs for Lighthouse Reliefs..
7,625.19
New Police Launch No. 9
9,250.00
New Police Launch No. 1
127,225.15
Repairs to Green Island Light
2,640.00
New Light for Lan Tau
601.95
Gestetner for G.M.S. Office
680.00
Transfer of Boiler from H.D.I. to
"Aldecoa"
50.28
Total Special Expenditure-
140,447.38
21,347.19
Total A. Harbour Department
1,071,595.55 1,035,967.77
:
J
- D 40
Table XXXIV.
Comparative Statement of Revenue 1936 and 1937.
Amount
Sub-head of Revenue.
Amount
1936.
1937.
$
$
Ø
1. Motor Spirit Duties,
227.60
116.10
2. Light Dues, Ordinance 10 of 1899... Buoy Dues, Ordinance 10 of 1899.
518,928.39
498,776.20
119,356.00
126,908.00
3. Licences and Internal Revenue
not otherwise specified:
Boat Licences, Ord. 10 of 1899...
117,967.50
121,963.50
Chinese Passenger Ship Licences,
Ordinance 1 of 1889
1,290.00
1.425.00
Fines
9,275.96
7.453.21
Forfeitures
275.00
2,215.00
Fishing Stake and Net Licences,
Ordinance 10 of 1899
13.80
23.00
Fishing Stake and Net Licences,
from the New Territories, Ord.
· 10 of 1899
673.00
881.80
Junk Licences, &c., Ord. 10 of
1899
29,415.25
29,950.75
Junk Licences, &c., from the
New Territories, Ord. 10 of
1899
12,604.50
12,203.25
Steam-launch
Licences, &c.
Ord. 10 of 1899
14,301.50
14,188.00
4. Fees of Court or Office, Payments
for specific purposes & Reimburse-
ments-in-Aid:
Court
61.80
Engagement and Discharge of
Seamen, Ordinance 10 of 1899:
45,480.27
50,490.05
Examination of Masters, &c.,
Ord. 10 of 1899
2,115.00
1,397.50
Gunpowder, Storage of, Ord. 10
of 1899
38,078.75
62,122.00
Medical Examination of Emi-
grant Ord. 1 of 1889
164,046.00
237,054.10
Official Signatures, Ord. 1 of 1889.
9,555.00
10,975.00
Publications, Sale of, Ord. 1 of
1889
359.90
546.80
Registry Fees (Merchant Ship-
ping Act), Ord. 10 of 1899
879.00
1,119.00
Steam-launches, Surveyor's Cer-
tificates, Ord. 10 of 1899
13,962.50
16,466.25
Survey of Steamships, Ordin-
ance 10 of 1899
82,720.79
116,118.51
Sunday Cargo Working Permits,
Ord. 1 of 1891
75,637.50
134,356.25
Miscellaneous
Carried forward
117.15
945.44
1,257,280.36 1,447,756.51
Ꭰ 41
Table XXXIV,—Continued.
Comparative Statement of Revenue 1936 and 1937.
Sub-head of Revenue.
Amount
Amount
1936.
1937.
Brought forward
1,257,280.36 1,447,756.51
7. Rent of Government Property:-
Lands not Leased
Buildings
Rent of Government Furniture
341.30
341.30
8.19 176.52
9. Miscellaneous Receipts:
Sale of condeinned stores
1,734.60
2,441.50
Overpayments Previous Years. Other Miscellaneous Receipts:- Pilot Licences Ord. 3 of 1904 Engagement of Masters and
Engineers of Steam Launches. Other Miscellaneous Receipts
49.20
225.26
400.00
120.00
230.00
243.00
128.50
25.00
....
|1,260,348.67 1,451,152.57
Total
Table XXXV.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure and Revenue for
last ten years.
Personal (*)
Year.
Emoluments
and Other
Special
Total
Total
Expenditure. Expenditure. Revenue.
Charges.
$
¢
1928
1929
696,497.98 744,194.35
99,733.94
68,259.67
1930
942,271.67
1931
1,013,003.51
1932
998,861.44
1933
653,318.32
1934
921,624.49
1935
1936
811,331.20 146,756.02 931,148.17
1937.
1,014,620.58
973.283.46 812,454.02 1,010,061.97
138,788.97 | 1,081,060.64 | 1,020,741.02 38,028.27 1,051,031.78 1,433,534.87 106,930.50 1,105,791.94 1,445,435.64 44,678.65 997,996.97 1,256,924.71 54,985.26 976,609.75 1,210,355.51 958,087.22 1,079,677.53 140,447.38 1,071,595.55 1,260,348.67
21,347.19 1,035,967.77 1,451,152.57
(*) Includes Officers of Senior Clerical and Accounting and Junior Clerical Services attached to Department.
1930 and 1931 include figures for Air Services.
$
¢
$
796,231.92
- D 42
Table XXXVI,
Light Dues were collected during the year 1937 as follows:
Class of Vessels.
No. of Trips.
Rate Tounage. per ton.
*
Fees Collected.
Ocean Vessels
Commission on Bahama
Dues
Steam-launches
River Steamers
Total
*
4,839 13,983,394 2.4/10g 453,032.51
1,969.86
1,442
46,396 2.4/10¢
1,503.98
3,914
3,485,351
9/10
42,269.85
10,195 17,515,141)
498,776.20
Charged under Notification No. 147 of 1933.
Table XXXVII.
Licences issued and Revenue collected at Harbour Master's Out Stations:
Stations.
1936
1936 Licences Revenue
Issued. Collected.
$$$
1937 Revenue Collected.
$
1937
Licences Increase. Decrease.
Issued.
$
Shaukiwan
6,116
18 586.25
*19,186.00
6,470 599.75
Aberdeen
6,564
17.004.00
16,036.35
6,272
967.65
Stanley
720
1,133.55
1,176.40
659
Yaumati
4,298
32,617.50
†33,812.00
4,436
42.85 1,194.50
Cheung Chow...
5,629
16,605.90
15,001.25
5,081
1,604.65
Tai O
2,423
5 302.05
5,480.85 2,501
178.80
Taipo
1,926
5,786.10
6,904.40 2,464
1,118.30
Saikung
906
1,997.25 1,326.75
682
670.50
Longket
1,661
4,003.80 5,057.55 1,777
1,053.75
Deep Bay
1,780
4,403.00 3,919.50
1.290
483 50
Lantau
623
1,972.55
1,364.40
524
608.15
Lok Ma Chau...
350
940.60 1,957.35 690 1,016.75
Total:.....
32,996 110,352.55 | 111,222.80 | 32,846 | 5,204.70
4,334.45
Net increase:-
870.25
Excluding Dispensary Fees
+
??
.$1,729.80 3,265.50
Table XXXVIII.
Number of Boat Licences, Permits, etc., issued and fees Collected during the year 1937. (Under Table U. Section 39 of Ordinance No. 10 of 1899.)
DESCRIPTION.
LICENCES.
LICENCE
BOOKS.
DUPLICATE
LICENCES.
BOAT RE- SPECIAL PAINTING. PERMITS.
FEES.
4,094
Licence Books
Boat Repainting
Special Permits
Passenger Boats, A. & B. Classes
2,155
Lighters, Cargo & Water Boats
1,876
Other Boats, Class IV
15,725
Fish Drying Hulks
68
Duplicate Licences
Total
19,824
*
Including $10.00 for one Duplicate Licence Book.
$4,103.00*
5,683
1,420.75
1,254
313.50
11,875.25
50,753.75
52,880.75
566.50
49
49.00
4,094
49
5,683
1,254 $121,962.50
-- Ꭰ 44
Table XXXIX.
B.-AIR SERVICES.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1936 and 1937.
Sub-head of Expenditure.
Personal Emoluments
Amount 1936 Amount 1937
$
29,251.45
40,937.37
Other Charges:-
Electric Fans and Light
680.79
1,465.06
Flying Fees for Staff
2,470.42
2,475.00
Incidental Expenses
4,104.15
284.30
Rent of Public Telephone (Supt. of
Aerodrome)
117.00
Upkeep of Buoys
190.00
263.80
Upkeep of Motor Car
499.81
1,076.85
Upkeep of Motor Roller
45.12
38.16
Upkeep of Aerodrome
2,900.44
3,795.04
Upkeep of Fire Engine
420.32
195.89
Total Personal Emoluments and
Other Charges
40,562.50
50,648.47
Special Expenditure:-
Instruments and Books, for
Examinations
491.08
82.41
Medical Equipment for Crash Room
423.51
Equipment for Control Tower
24.00
pection Department
Equipment for Aeronautical Ins-
1 New Typewriter
452.77
299.00
Purchase of Ambulance
250.00
Total Special Expenditure
741.08 1,281.69
Total B.-Air Services
41,303.58 51,930.16
D 45
Table XL.
B. AIR SERVICES.
Comparative Statement of Revenue 1936 and 1937.
Sub-head of Revenue.
Amount
1936.
Amount
1937.
$
¢
3. Licences and Internal Revenue
not otherwise specified:
Air Services
400.00
580.00
4. Fees of Court or Office, Payments for specific purposes and Reim- bursements in aid:
Air Service Fees
11,601.60
25,341.70
Total
12,001.60 25,921.70
Table XLI.
B. AIR SERVICES.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure and Revenue for
the year 1930 to 1937.
Personal (1).
Year.
Emoluments and Other
Special
Total
Total
Expenditure. Expenditure. Revenue.
Charges.
$
$
1930 (2) 33,896.70
60,000.00
93,896.70
1931
26,691.12
26,691.12
40.00
1932
11,457.04
88.81
11,545.85 14,344.00
1933
13,899.75
1934
40,191.51 10,765.85
13,899.75 6,850.00
50,957.36 10,265.00
1935
52,891.10
10,708.69
63,599.79
7,411.10
1936
40,562.50
741.08
41,303.58
12,001.60
1937
-50,648.47:
1,281.69
51,930.16
25,921.70
(1) Does not include the Salary of the Director which is charged to
A.-Harbour Department.
(2) February, 1930,
Countries whence arrived.
Air Craft.
BRITISH
Passengers.
Crew.
Goods, Mails and
excess luggage
tons.
Table XLII.
Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers, and crews of aircraft arriving at airports in the Colony of Hong Kong from each country in the year 1987.
Aircraft tonnage.
Air Craft.
Mo
Passengers.
FOREIGN
Crew.
Goods, Mails and
excess luggage
tons.
China
Manila (Philippines).Į
290 1,579
788
122
2,084
290 1,579
788
122
2,084
36
292
225
11
670
36 292 225
11
670
French Indo-China...
65
49
130
17
335
F
6
23
72
12
58 137
17
358
Aircraft tonnage.
Air Craft.
Total
65 49 130
17
335 333 1,880 (1,020
133
2,777
398 1,929 1,150
150
3,112
Passengers.
TOTAL
Crew.
excess luggage
Goods, Mails and
tons.
A ircraft tonnage
D 46
China
Manila (Philippines).
Countries to which departed.
1
1
Air Craft.
Passengers.
Table XLIII.
Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers, and crews of aircraft departing at airports in the Colony of Hong Kong
to each
country in the year 1937.
BRITISH
FOREIGN
N
Crew.
Goods, Mails and
excess luggage
tons.
French Indo-China..
66
75
132
11
336
1
Total
67
75 134
11
337
328 1,681
666
Aircraft tonnage.
Air Craft.
Passengers.
Crew.
Goods, Mails and
excess luggage
tons.
Aircraft tonnage.
Air Craft.
TOTAL
Passengers.
Crew.
excess luggage
Goods, Mails and
lous.
1
291 1,450
781
375
2,097
292 |1,450
783
375
2,098
36
231 217
∞
670
36 231 217
670
1
67
75
133
11
337
383
2,768
395 1,756 1,133
394
3,105
Aircraft tonnage.
— D 47 —
Table XLIV.
Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers, and crews of aircraft of each nation arriving at airports in the Colony of Hong Kong in the year 1936 and 1937.
NATIONALITY OF
AIRCRAFT.
British
Chinese
German
American
French
...
Czechoslovakia
ARRIVING.
Aircraft.
Passengers.
Crew.
Goods, Mails, and Aircraft Tonnage. excess Luggage.
1936.
1937.
1936. 1937.
1936.
1937.
1936.
1937.
1936.
1937.
52
65
37
65
292
77
3235
49
113
130
6.5
17
217.0
335
1,581
125
784
0.4
122
275.0
2,092
112
6
9.0
37
19
292
4
227
11
22.50
671
1
2
2
3
7.75
6
1
3
6
1
1
1
1.00
1
1
2
1
1
1.25
D 48
Java
Filipino
Total
123
398
135
1,929
256
1,150
6.9
150
533.50 3,112.00
{
Latvia
Table XLV.
Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers, and crews of aircraft of each nation departing from airports in the Colony of Hong Kong in the year 1936 and 1937.
nes KAMENA SA ANIMAGIN
D 49
DEPARTING
NATIONALITY OF AIRCRAFT.
Aircraft.
Passengers.
Crew.
Goods, Mails, and Aircraft Tonnage. excess Luggage.
1936.
1937.
1936.
1937.
1936.
1937.
1936. 1937.
1936.
1937.
51
67
41
75
65
289
94
1,448
112
36
15
54
231
2
1
1
British
Chinese
German
American
French
Czechoslovakia
Latvia
Java
Filipino
N
Total
121
395
154
1,756
255 1,133
2.9
394
531.50 3,105.00
113
134
2.7
11
216.00
337
125
716
0.2
375
275.00 2,090
6
9.00
4
277
8
22.50
670
3
7.75
6
HQ
1
2
1
1.25
Licences for Pilots
Licences for Navigators
Licences for Ground Engineers Certificates of Registration
Heavier-than-air craft
Table XLVI.
Licences or Certificates issued.
Year ended
1935.
Year ended
1936.
Year ended
1937.
31st December, 31st December, 31st December,
Number of Licences or Certificates
current on
31st December,
1937.
39
13
18
27
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
3
1
4
5
D 50 -
2
Nil
2
5
Lighter-than-air craft
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Certificates of Air-worthiness
Heavier-than-air craft
5.
1
6
4
Lighter-than-air craft
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Licences for Aerodromes
Nil
Nil
1
1(Govt.)
Appendix E.
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMPORTS AND
EXPORTS FOR THE YEAR 1937.
I. LIQUOR.
1. There was an increase in the net revenue collected of $213,156.62 as compared with 1936. Just over half of this increase is accounted for by increased receipts from native type liquors, the additional sums paid by local distilleries amounting to $87,788.95, and in respect of imports of Chinese and Japanese type liquors to $23,667.07.
2. The rates of duty remained unchanged as compared with 1936 and the general increase in receipts is therefore directly ascribable to increased consumption of duty paid liquors. In respect of European type liquors, the increase is probably due partly to the increase in population following the Shanghai troubles and partly to improved economic conditions. The in- crease in consumption of native liquor is probably due mainly to the enormous influx of refugees from the war areas, though the excellent work of the preventive staff in the suppression of illicit distillation has been a definite factor. In this connexion it is noteworthy that the increase in revenue from local distil- leries amounts to almost 12% as compared with 1936.
3. An increase in the receipts from local consumption of spirit of wine has again to be recorded. It is largely due to the continued prosperity of local perfumery manufacturers.
4. An intensive campaign was waged during the year against illicit distillation, and the officers concerned are to be commended for the excellent results achieved. No less than 183 illicit stills were found as compared with 99 in 1936. Those who participate in the illicit traffic displayed remarkable ingenuity in their endeavours to avoid the attentions of Revenue Officers. They adopted the practice of burying fermenting material, leaving it underground until fermentation was complete, and then unearthing it for distillation under cover of darkness. The most ingenious trick discovered was the burial of a large vessel of fermenting material in a Chinese burial ground. Made up as a grave complete with headstone, it was with great trepidation that the Revenue Officer investigated it to discover the deception.
- E 2
5. Again Tai Pak and Yee Pak on Lantau Island accounted for a considerable number of the illicit still seizures, but other islands, especially Tsing Yee, and the more inaccessible hillsides also contributed their quota. Arrests in such cases are the exception as a watch is kept for the approach of a Revenue party. The constant raids on Tai Pak and Yee Pak have had their effect in a general lowering of the previously high level of prosperity there; it is believed that the villagers at one time subsisted almost entirely on the proceeds of their illicit activities.
6. Seventy-two illicit stills were found in urban tenements. The increase in illicit distillation in urban areas is disturbing, as detection is dependent on information received. Hitherto, how- ever, the rewards payable for such information seem to be adequate.
7. There was a considerable decrease in the amount of illicit liquor seized during the year. A good deal of the illicit traffic was in previous years centred on Cheung Chau, and the stationing of two Chinese Revenue Officers on that island in March has had a good effect. Other contributing causes have been the decreased number of ships entering the Colony from China and also the increase in the price of rice in that country which has tended to make distillation less profitable. It is understood also that the Chinese authorities with a view to conserving food supplies have restricted the use of rice for dis- tillation.
II. TOBACCO.
8. The total consumption of tobacco of all kinds for all purposes showed an increase of 1,774,857 lbs., as compared with 1936. The corresponding increase in the amount of duty paid was $2,173,224.10. On the other hand the amount of drawback paid in respect of tobacco manufactured locally and re-exported increased by $1,807,539.67 to $2,169,480.24, an increase of almost 500%.
9. These figures speak for themselves. There has been an enormous increase in the local manufacture of cigarettes for export, and the Colony has now captured much of this trade. that was formerly centred at Shanghai. At least one large local cigarette factory has been working day and night for months, and heavy demands have been made on the staff of the depart- ment in the way of overtime.
10. The increase in the net revenue amounts to $365,272.23, attributable again to increased population and improved economic conditions.
11. The amount of clean tobacco leaf imported in 1937 again increased, being double the 1936 figure. It is clear that importers are finding it cheaper to have the leaf stripped in Macao before importation.
E.3
12. The increase in the number of dutiable cigarettes seized is accounted for mainly by one large seizure of 176,500 locally manufactured cigarettes which had been exported on drawback to Macao and re-imported. In the latter half of the year it was cheaper to buy duty-paid cigarettes locally than to smuggle in from neighbouring territories, a state of affairs which has probably resulted from the Sino-Japanese hostilities. Old habits die hard, however, and it is rare for a day to pass without a seizure of dutiable tobacco on a river steamer from Canton or Macao.
III.-MOTOR SPIRIT.
13. The revenue received in accordance with the provisions of the Motor Spirit Ordinance shows an increase of $104,214.98, or approximately 15%, as compared with 1936. The rate of duty remained unchanged so that the increase is again attributable to improved economic conditions.
14. Satisfactory arrangements were made with the Director of Air Services during the year for the supply of duty-free petrol to aircraft on departure from the Colony.
IV.-OPIUM.
15. The total amount of prepared opium sold during the year amounted to 22,168.80 taels, an increase of 43% over last year's total. The sales of the luxury brand, Kamshan opium, actually decreased by almost 27% but this decrease was more than offset by a jump of approximately 75% in the sales of Singapore opium.
16. It is believed that a number of factors have contributed to this phenomenal increase. Among them have been the reduction in price referred to in the 1936 report, and the intro- duction in that year of a slightly different blend which has apparently commended itself to the taste of local consumers. Moreover, the price of illicit opium rose considerably during the year with the result that Government opium now sells at a more competitive price. It is noteworthy that sales increased enormously during the two months immediately following the seizure of illicit opium referred to later in paragraph 20 of this report.
17. A continued decrease in the sales of Kamshan opium is to be expected in view of the fact that this brand is sold only to a limited and decreasing number of registered smokers. The decrease in 1937 is however rather more than anticipated and is probably to be accounted for to some extent by the smokers transferring to the cheaper Singapore brand.
E 4
18. The amount of illicit raw opium seized during the year was only 23,149 taels as compared with 68,373 taels in 1936. The seizures of Chinese raw almost doubled, 17,123 taels as compared with 9,652 taels, but those of Iranian raw shrank by almost 90%, 6,021 taels as compared with 58,711. On the other hand, 31,979 taels of prepared opium were seized as compared with 19,851 taels in 1936.
19. On the whole, these figures, coupled with the increased sales of Government opium, seem to indicate that there was a shortage of illicit opium during the year.
20. One large seizure of illicit opium is worthy of special mention. A total of 8,006 taels was found on the sea bed off Lamma Island outside Hong Kong harbour on the 14th September. In watertight containers were found 4,100 taels of Chinese raw opium, 1,200 taels of Iranian raw opium, and 2,706 taels of Kwong Chow Wan and Red Lion prepared opium. The site of the dump had been carefully buoyed.
21. Four large dumps of opium believed to be destined for local consumption were found. One of 900 taels of Chinese raw opium was found on the hillside above Deep Water Bay; another of 1,800 taels at Deep Bay; the third, found by the roadside at Aberdeen, consisted of 1,230 taels of Kwong Chow Wan prepared opium and 1,630 taels of Chinese raw opium; and the fourth, consisting of 960 taels of Iranian raw opium and 650 taels of Chinese raw opium, was found on the shore of Aplichau island.
22. Practically all the remaining seizures were found under circumstances which indicated that the opium was for export. The largest was one of 5,284 taels of Red Lion prepared opium on the S.S. Willy about to depart for Singapore.
23. The retail price of illicit prepared opium increased considerably during the year, being in the neighbourhood of $6.50 per tael for the Chinese variety; the price of raw opium more than doubled.
24. This rise in price has hastened the process of displace- ment of opium divans by heroin divans which has been going on slowly for some years. The opium divan which does not also provide facilities for heroin smokers is now a rarity.
V.-HEROIN.
25. During 1937 a total of 3,936,230 heroin pills, 1,329.1/10 ozs., and 200 grains of heroin, and 102 ounces of admixture containing heroin was seized.
26. No less than 93 heroin pill factories were found; arrests were made in respect of 66 of these. In two out of these 66 the pills found contained no heroin and those arrested were released, but in the remaining 61, sentences totalling 177 years and 11
>
E 5
months hard labour were meted out to 71 persons. In addition, one juvenile was sent to the Remand Home for six months and thereafter to an Industrial Home for four years. All these cases were, in accordance with the policy commenced in 1936, tried at the Criminal Sessions and not summarily before a magistrate.
27. Altogether there were 316 arrests for the possession of heroin pills with 213 convictions, 37 arrests for possession of heroin with 25 convictions and 2 for importing heroin with 2 convictions. Over three thousand flats or floors were raided to achieve these results.
28. Two men were sentenced at the Criminal Sessions for importing heroin, one a Japanese, the other a northern Chinese. Both were arrested on the S.S. "Hupeh" on her arrival from the north on the 4th January. The Japanese had in his posses- sion 724 ounces of heroin concealed in the false back of a trunk, in his bedding and clothing, and in tins of fish. He received ten years hard labour on charges of importing and of possession. The Chinese, who had 228 ounces, received seven years hard labour on the same charges.
29. One Chinese was sentenced to five years hard labour for the possession of 47 ounces of heroin, and to a further 14 years for attempting to bribe a Revenue Officer. The drug was found concealed in the false backs of chairs and sofas. A northern Chinese, who was about to be tried at the Criminal Sessions for the possession of 104 ounces of heroin which he was believed to have imported, absconded and forfeited his bail of $12,500.
30. Two factories among the 93 found are perhaps worthy of special reference. In one at No. 3 Fung Wong Terrace, 2nd floor, were found 266,000 pills, and work had been going on there for three or four months prior to discovery. No arrests were made. The other at No. 67 Connaught Road West, 2nd floor, contained 256,600 pills, and three males were arrested. Each was sentenced to three years hard labour. It had been in operation for two or three weeks.
31. It is noteworthy that during the year many of the red pills seized were found to contain no heroin. It seems probable that the demand for pills became so great that heroin supplies were insufficient, and pills similar in all respects to the usual red (heroin) pill but containing no heroin were accordingly placed on the market. No charge of course, lay against the possessors of such pills.
.
32. The number of heroin divans has, it is to be feared, increased enormously during the year and they are to be found all over the urban areas. The keepers of these places are usually of a very low type and are paid miserable wages to look after the divans and to go to prison if caught. Their families. are supported by their backers during their stay in gaol. They never divulge the identities of their employers, even if they know them. Pills are kept on the premises only in sufficient quantity for the day's requirements.
E 6
VI. OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS.
33. One seizure of one-tenth of an ounce of morphine, with three seizures of a total of 142,731 morphine pills, were made during the year; there were also two seizures of cocaine, a male Chinese in one case receiving a sentence of five years hard labour for being in possession of 175 ounces of the drug. The other seizure of one ounce of cocaine was made together with that of the 47 ounces of heroin referred to in paragraph 29; no charge was preferred in respect of the cocaine seizure or in respect of the seizure of 17 ounces of crude brucine and 91 ounces of brucine admixture made simultaneously. Brucine, a poison but not a dangerous drug, is a usual ingredient of heroin pills.
VII. THE NEW TERRITORIES.
34. The Revenue Station at Sheung Shui maintained its usefulness and will probably prove of even greater value when road transport with Canton develops. Smuggling across the frontier decreased considerably towards the end of the year owing to causes which have already been outlined.
35. The number of heroin pills seized in the district was double the number seized in 1936. Here, as in the urban districts it is remarkable how quickly the habit spread when it had once been introduced.
VIII. CERTIFICATES OF ORIGIN.
36. It falls to the Imports and Exports Department to issue Certificates of Origin in respect of consignments of goods produced locally for export. Some idea of the magnitude and increasing importance of this branch of the work, necessitated by Imperial Preference, Anti-dumping, and Quota enactments in many parts of the world, may be gathered from the fact that the number of Certificates of Origin issued rose from 11,891 in 1936 to 19,088 in 1937.
37. The procedure hitherto in force has been to require factories to register, and to admit officers from this department to inspect the process of manufacture at reasonable hours. In respect of each consignment the manufacturer makes a Statutory Declaration that the goods have been manufactured in his registered factory, and the Certificate issues if the results of inspections show that the requisite percentage of the finished value of the goods is the result of processes carried out in the Colony.
38. This procedure had to be modified in one important respect during the year, when the Imperial Government decided that certain goods, principally piece goods, should be admitted to countries of the Empire in accordance with Imperial Pre- ference and Textile Quota enactments only if they had been "spun, woven and finished" within the Empire.
- E7-
39. This decision had far-reaching effects. In the field of administration, it necessitated the certification of every consign- ment of piece goods by a recognised accountant, paving the way for similar certification in the future in other fields in which 100% Empire content is not obligatory.
40. The new Imperial policy had a remarkable effect in Hong Kong Previously local weaving factories had used Japanese cotton yarn almost exclusively, and there were many complaints about the quality and price of the Indian product. With the outbreak of hostilities in China, however, imports of Japanese yarn practically ceased, while at the same time the quality of the Indian yarn improved and its price dropped. The net result is that cotton piece goods locally manufactured from Indian yarn are now competing on favourable terms in many countries of the Empire.
41. The position as regards artificial silk piece goods is not as good. The only result of the new policy hitherto has been to bring to a complete standstill the local silk-weaving industry. Manufacturers are ready enough to use Empire yarn in place of Japanese yarn, but at the end of the year Empire yarn was practically unobtainable at any price.
42. The total number of factories on the register at the end of the year was 334, as compared with 278 at the end of 1936. A table of the Certificates of Origin issued in respect of the various types of goods manufactured is given in the Appendix.
IX.-TRADE STATISTICS.
43. In the annual report on trade statistics for the year 1936 improved conditions in the Colony were predicted and the note of optimism was fully justified as is illustrated by the trade. returns for the year 1937. The total visible trade of the Colony in 1987 increased by 35.0% in terms of local currency, and by 32.2% in terms of sterling, as compared with the year 1936. Imports and exports of merchandise during 1937 amounted to a total value of $1,084.4 millions (£66.9 millions) as compared with $803.3 millions (£50.6 millions) in 1936.
44. During the final quarter of 1937 a certain amount of cargo originally destined for North China ports was diverted to the Colony on account of the Sino-Japanese hostilities, and a considerable proportion of it remained in storage at the end of the year, although a certain quantity, which cannot be estimated, was ultimately disposed of locally and included in local trade returns accordingly. In assessing the relative trade returns for 1936 and 1937 it should be borne in mind that the records do not include transit or transhipment cargoes and, therefore, do not include cargoes originally destined for North China ports which were stored in local godowns at the end of the year. It will be seen, therefore, that the increased trade enjoyed by the Colony during 1937 was not entirely due to diverted imports.
E 8
45. There were exceptional movements of Treasure during the year: imports totalled $386.4 millions, and exports $395.2 millions; largely consisting of Chinese silver dollars and silver subsidiary coin.
46. Despite the large increase in the trade of the Colony during 1937 there was a decreased movement of vessels entering and leaving the port, arrivals totalling 15,893 as compared with 18,202 in 1936, and sailings 15,890 as compared with 18,716. The decrease was mainly due to fewer coasting movements on account of the Sino-Japanese hostilities in the latter part of the year.
47. In order to estimate with greater accuracy the increase or decrease in the actual volume of the trade of the Colony, than is possible by a statement of value only, an index figure was constructed taking the year 1931 as a base. For the purposes of this index number some 185 articles were selected, including the commonest which could be enumerated by quantity. The comparison is given below:-
1931 100
By Quantity.
By Value.
1932
92.3
84.6
1933
89.1
67.9
1934
74.8
56.4
1935
78.1
57.0
1936
84.2
61.3
1937
119.7
83.6
19th April, 1938.
E. W. HAMILTON,
Superintendent, Imports & Exports.
E 9
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE FOR LAST THREE YEARS.
1935.
1936.
1937.
$
$
Personal Emoluments (1)
.262,743.44
321,591.63
363,839,82
Other Charges:--
Advertisements
Binding Permits
120.00
120.00
19.58 120.00
Torches & Batteries
167.68
38.40
225.46
Conveyance & Motor Allowances
4,702.72
4,819.44
4,843.34
Elec. Light, Fans & Heating
384.53
249.09
1,382.12
Gas for Laboratory
142.74
132.99
166.06
Incidental Expenses
426,60
344.76
442.82
Laboratory Stores
452.31
604.17
717.83
Liquor Labels, Printing
1,843.00
1,488,00
1,795.00
Office Cleaning Materials
280.84
189.28
174.47
Overtime Allowance for Clerical Staff
221.25
222.50
297.75
Rent of Public. Telephone
103.17
Rent of Staff Quarters in N. T.
1,680.00
1,680.00
1,680.00
Revenue. Reward Fund
Stationery, &c.
116.46
52.80
52.95
Transport
Uniforms & Equipment
Opium:-Incidental Expenses
Preparation & Carriage
Purchase of Raw Opium, &c.
***
Purchase of Govt. Prepared
1,354.37
1.037.57
4,916,87
4,259.41
60.00
970.23
1,296.13
25,037.35
35,202.00
825.54 3,461.01
~
15.68 20,123.54 31,750.00
Opium
23,786.38
Transport
32.00
24.00
22:00
Expenses of 13 Govt. Opium
Shops
12,249 59
23,536.31
17,880.80
Statistical Branch:-
Book Binding
131.55
132.00
120.00
Cleaning Materials
76.10
84.83
77.90
Elec. Light & Heating
399.58
390.90
308.61
Forms & Registers
503.00
Incidental Expenses
127.68
156.88
198.44
Miscellaneous Stationery
8.45
10.74
3.54
Printing of Reports
6,216.00
Transport
104.96
Uniforms for Coolies & Messengers...
121.05
6,910.00 77.44 111.50
6,858.00
77.97
87.38
Total Other Charges
62,786.91
107,018.18
93,830.96
Special Expenditure:-
Purchase of a Long Carriage
Typewriter
Total Special Expenditure
Total
336.00
336.00
.325,530.35
428,609.81
458,006.78
FOOTNOTE:-(1) Includes Officers of Cadet, S. C. & A Staff & Junior Clerical
Service.
Table II.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE FOR LAST THREE YEARS.
1935.
1936.
1937.
Gross
Net
Gross
Net
Gross
Net
$
$
$
$
Duties:
Liquor Duties
Motor Spirit Duties
Tobacco Duties
Licences & Internal Revenue:- Liquor Licences
$
1,868,914.06 1,806,645.23 2,261,915.14 2,166,854.58 2,504,330.70 | 2,393,904.53 663,771.82 695,298.75 809,022.49 799,303.73 2,812,244.06 2,703,865.54 4,428,459.304,066,518.73 | 6,601,683.40 4,432,203.16
663,248.27
697,766.10
- E 10
183,650.00
183,650.00
176,009.17
176,009.17
162,115.84
162,115.84
Motor Spirit Licences
3,605.00
3,605.00
3,650.00
3,650.00
3,860.00
3,860.00
Opium Monopoly
361,713.55
352,713.55
435,733.81
432,026.11
317,789.60
*314,769.60
Tobacco Licences
72,138.50
72,138.50
73,293.00
73,293.00
72,359.50
72,359.50
Fines & Forfeitures:
Forfeitures
531.78
31.78
23.15
23.15
77.92
77.92
Fees of Court or Office: Official Signatures Fees
6,498.00
6,498.00
14,432.00 14,432.00
3,700.00
3,700.00
Official Certificates
21,229.00
21,229.00
Miscellaneous Receipts:-
Other Miscellanous Receipts
4,201.36
4,198.86
4,831.40
4,831.40
4,572.77
4,572.77
Total
5,972,268.13 5,796,594.73 8,096,113.07 7,632,936.89 10,500,741.22 (8,208,096.05
**
Less Opium Expenses shown in Table 1-$69,792:02—Net $244,977.58.
E 11
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE & REVENUE
FOR LAST THREE YEARS.
Personal (1)
Emoluments
Year.
and Other
Special Expenditure.
Total Expenditure. Revenue.
Total
Charges.
1935
325,530.35
1936
428,609.81
1937
457,670.78
336.00
325,530.35 5,796,594.73 428,609.81 7,632,936.89 458,006.78 8,208,096.05
(1) Includes Officers of Cadet Service, S. C. & A. Staff and Junior Clerical
Service attached to Department.
Table IV.
RETURN OF LIQUOR DUTY COLLECTED DURING THE YEAR 1937.
European Type Liquor.
Class of Liquor.
Gallons.
Amount of Duty
collected.
$
¢
Ale, Beer, Cider and Stout,
338,831
271,064.40
Beer (Local),
109,646
76,751.92
Brandy,
11,631
116,305.10
Brandy (Empire),
2,360
11,797.54
Whisky,
29,889
298,886.99
Gin and Cocktail,
17,715
177,262.75
Rum,
2,418
24,179.53
Champagne and Sparkling Wine,
2,244
29,169.48
Claret,
2,584
12,920.78
Port Wine,
5,786
34,717.85
Sherry, Madeira and Malaga,
4,237
25,423.06
Vermouth,
2,691
13,454.78
Liqueur,
2,308
30,009.03
Spirits of Wine,
28,010
157,984.10
Spirituous Liquor,
14.558
36,157.15
Miscellaneous,
6,677
33,386.12
Difference on over-proof,
fractions and arrears of duty...
7,984.25
Total
581,585
1,357,454.83
Note:-Fractions of a gallon are not shown in this Table.
E 12
Table V.
RETURN OF LIQUOR DUTY COLLECTED DURING THE YEAR 1937.
Chinese and Japanese Liquor.
Native Spirits not more than 25%
of alcohol by weight
Native Spirits over 25% of alcohol by weight
Northern Spirits over 25% of alcohol by weight)
Northern Spirits not more than 25% of alcohol by weight
Liquor Amount of
Amount of
distilled
duty
Imported Liquor.
Total Amount of
duty.
collected.
duty collected.
C.
C.
locally. collected.
Gallons. $ C. Gallons.
619,808 929,712.00 39,685 69,448.18
999,160.18
13,856 26,940.24
7,203)
102,686.26 129,626.50
29,902ļ
Japanese Sake
2,126 14,900.52
8,515 3,188.67
14,900.52
3,188.67
Total
$1,146,875.87
Note:-Fractions of a gallon are not shown in this Table.
Table VI,
SUMMARY OF REVENUE COLLECTED FROM LIQUOR DURING
THE YEAR 1937.
$
¢
Duties on European Type Liquor
1,163,313.58
Duties on Spirituous Liquor
194,141.25
Duties on Chinese and Japanese Liquor
1,146,875.87
Brewery Licence Fees
400.00
Liquor Dealer's Licence Fees
31,000.00
Distillery Licence Fees
500.00
Chinese Spirits Shop Licence Fees
127,820.84
Chinese Liquor Importer's Licence Fees Alteration Fees
2,800.00
95.00
Total
$2,666,446.54
Refund of Liquor Duties
Net Total
110,426.17
$2,556,020.37
.
E 13
Table VII.
RETURN OF DUTY PAID ON TOBACCO FOR THE YEAR 1937.
Class of Tobacco.
lbs.
Duty.
$
Cigars
9,309
24,203.40
Cigarettes
309,856
495,814.26
European Tobacco
17,556
31,425.24
Chinese Prepared Tobacco
13,634
19,087.60
Clean Tobacco Leaf
46,204
57,755.00
Raw Tobacco Leaf (Empire)
286,735
258,061.50
Raw Tobacco Leaf (Non-Empire)
5,195,690
5,715,259.00
Snuff
43
Total
77.40
$6,601,683.40
(1) Duty Paid on Tobacco for the year
$6,601,683.40
Less Drawbacks
2,169,480.24
Net Revenue
$4,432,203.16
(2) Licence fees.
Retailer's
Squatter's
$59,673.00
4,168.00
Importer's
4,900.00
Manufacturer's
2,400.00
Licensed Warehouse
1,000.00
Miscellaneous
339.77
$72,480.77
NOTE: Fractions of a pound are not shown in this table.
"
E 14
Table VIII.
MOTOR SPIRIT DUTIES 1937.
Motor Spirit Duties
Licensed Warehouse Licence Fees Importer's Licence (General) Fees
Importer's Licence (Special) Fees Retailer's Licence Fees
MOTOR SPIRIT.
LICENCES ISSUED DURING THE YEAR 1937.
Licensed Warehouse Licences
Importer's Licences (General)
Importer's Licences (Special) Retailer's Licences
.$ 799,303.73
1,750.00
1,500.00
300.00
310.00
$803,163.73
Table IX.
TOTAL AMOUNT OF PREPARED OPIUM SOLD
DURING THE YEAR 1937.
Kam Shan Bangal Opium
Singapore Opium
7
15
3
62
3,528.CO taels
18,640.80
11
Total
22,168.80 taels
Table X.
STATEMENT OF OPIUM TRANSHIPPED DURING THE YEAR 1937.
From Bushire via Bombay
To Macao
Turkish
Iranian
Total
Chests.
Chests.
Chests.
500
500
500
500
w
E 15
Table XA,
STATEMENT OF OPIUM IN TRANSIT DURING THE YEAR 1937.
Turkish
Iranian
Total
Chests.
Chests.
Chests.
From Istanbul viâ Portsaid
754
754
To Dairen við Kobe
To Yokohama
Total
600
600
154
154
754
754
Table XI.
CONTRABAND SEIZED BY REVENUE OFFICERS IN HONG Kong and
KOWLOON, 1937.
(1) Opium.
Prepared Raw
(2) Arms.
Ammunition
(3) Tobacco.
Cigars
Cigarettes
Chinese Tobacco
(4) Liquor.
Chinese Spirit European Wine
(5) Dangerous Drugs.
Heroin
Morphine
Cocaine
Heroin Pills
(6) Miscellaneous.
Illicit Stills
Brucine & mixture
Small Craft confiscated Counterfeit Coins Counterfeit Coins
Unmanifested Cargo.
Copper Cents
Silver Ingots
Wolfram Ore
Seizures.
30,888.9 taels
200
21,174.5 taels
91
1,400 rounds
1
100
1
188,410
19
5,826 lbs.
215
1,442 gallons
gallon
193
1
.1,271-3/5 ounces
1/10 ounce
19
1
176 ounces
2
..3,729,116 pills
213
154 stills
120
108 ounces
1
18
17
3,452 (10¢ pieces) 7
3,810 (5 pieces) 2
560 lbs.
1
112 packages 1
1,016 lbs.
E 16
Table XIA.
ANNUAL REPORT OF CONTRABAND SEIZED BY REVENUE OFFICERS
IN NEW TERRITORIES, 1937.
1. Opium.
Prepared Raw
Seizures.
19.95 taels 277.4
29
15
>>
2. Arms.
Revolvers
& Ammunition Dagger
3. Tobacco.
Cigars Cigarettes
Chinese Tobacco
Tobacco Leaf
1 piece
1
5 rounds 2 pieces
2
145 pieces.
6
7,882
19
459.95 pounds
5歳
110
1
4. Liquor.
Chinese Spirit
237.9 gallons
89
5. Dangerous Drugs.
Heroin Pills
7,233 pills
00
8
6. Miscellaneous.
Illicit Stills
Table XIB.
29 stills
23
CONTRABAND Seized By THE POLICE.
Chinese Tobacco
Tobacco
Cigarettes
Chinese Spirits
Raw Opium (Chinese and Iranian)
Prepared Opium (2nd and 3rd grade)
635.06 pounds
3 ounces
76,300
599.34 gallons
1,838.7 taels
1,063.36
??
E 17
Table XII.
PROSECUTIONS BY IMPORTS & EXPORTS DEPARTMENT IN
HONG KONG & KOWLOON, 1937.
Arrests. Convictions. Bail Estreated.
(1) Opium.
Possession
259
234
12
Boiling
11
8
Exporting
2
(2) Arms.
(3) Tobacco.
Possession Cigars
1
""
Cigarettes..
Chinese
5
13
1
3
2
Tobacco..
209
180
18
Importing
1
Unlicensed Selling
3
2
(4) Liquor.
Possession Chinese
Spirit
207
165
Co
3
Possession Stills
106
74
Distilling
90
59
Destruction of
Evidence
3
1
1
Unlicensed Selling
3
2
(5) Dangerous Drugs.
Possession Heroin
37
25
1
Importing Heroin
Possession Morphine.. Possession Cocaine
2 4 2
2
1
1
Possession Heroin
Pills
302
205
3
(6) Miscellaneous.
Counterfeit Coin
Unmanifested Cargo.. 19
Total
7
6
16
GD
3
1,273
986
43
E 18
Table XIIA.
ANNUAL REPORT OF PROSECUTIONS BY IMPORTS & EXPORTS
DEPARTMENT IN NEW TERRITORIES.
1.937.
Arrests. Convictions. Bail Estreated.
1. Opium.
Possession
2. Arms.
Illegal Possession
3. Tobacco.
Possession cigarettes..
46
44
3
3
1
1)
Chinese
Tobacco.. 110
103
2
Unlicensed selling
18
17
1
....
4. Liquor.
Chinese Spirits
89
76
N
Possession Illicit Stills
and Fermenting Materials
28
12
5. Dangerous Drugs.
Heroin Pills
14
6. Miscellaneous.
Charge for Assaults...
2
2
Breach Deportation
Ordinance
Charge for Gambling
5
and Bribery
Total
5
1
1
317
272
10
5
Сл
E 19
Table XIII.
Fines and Forfeitures collected by the Courts under Opium, Liquor and Tobacco Ordinances.
Hong Kong Magistracy
Kowloon
71
District Office, North
District Office, South
For Opium
REWARDS PAID.
$ 9,857.51
8,205.45 1,840.40
976.40
$20,879.76
$34,750.007
For Drugs, Liquor & Tobacco &c. ... 20,715.51
Table XIV.
$55,465.51
ANNUAL RETURN OF OPIUM & DANGEROUS DRUG SEIZURES
FOR THE YEAR 1937.
No. of Cases. Quantity in Tacls.
Raw Opium.
Chinese
149
17,128
Iranian
51
6,021
Total
200
23,149
Prepared Opium.
Red Lion
64
17,398
Wuchow
3
9
Canton
8
129
Kwong Chow Wan
24
13,707
Doubtful
401
736
Total
500
31,979
Opium Dross
54 taels.
Opium Water
23
4 gallons.
Opium Admixture
122 taels.
Dangerous Drugs.
Diacetylmorphine Pills
chloride
Diacetylmorphine Hydro-
Diacetylmorphine Admix-
ture
Morphine Pills
Morphine Hydrochloride Cocaine Hydrochloride
405
28
THI Q
1
3,936,230 pills.
1,329 1/10 ounces and 200 grains.
102 ounces. 142,731 pills.
1/10 ounce.
176 ounces.
E 20
Table XV.
ANNUAL RETURN OF MAJOR SEIZURES OF OPIUM FOR THE YEAR 1937.
Place of Seizure.
Sampan 1698V, Victoria Harbour Hillside above Deep Water Bay 4-6 Gordan Road, ground floor
S.S. Chichibu Maru, Victoria Harbour Boat 4300D, Tsun Wan Boat 60P, Tsun Wan
Boat 60P, Tsun Wan
S.S. Wing Wah, Victoria Harbour S.S. Ixion, Victoria Harbour
Sampan, 4926W, Causeway Bay South Bay, Hong Kong
Deep Bay, Hong Kong
Sea-bed, Shaukiwan
S.S. Nanking, alongside Kowloon Godown
Wharf
M.S. Willy, Victoria Harbour Road-side, Aberdeen, Hong Kong
Road-side, Aberdeen, Hong Kong Junk 4303, Victoria Harbour
S.S. Javanese Prince, Victoria Harbour
87 Bonham Road
S.S. Van Heutz
S.S. Woolgar
Sea Shore, Aplichau Island Sea Shore, Aplichau Island Sea-bed, Lamma Island
Sea-bed, Lamma Island
Sea-bed, Lamma Island
Kind of Opium.
Taels.
Kwong Chow Wan, Prepared
1,150
Chinese, Raw
900
Red Lion, Prepared
900
Kwong Chow Wan, Prepared ...|
995
Destination indicated by Circumstances
of Seizure.
For export. Hong Kong.
Australia.
U. S. A.
Red Lion, Prepared
1,050
For export.
Iranian, Raw
1,440
For export.
Red Lion, Prepared
960
For export.
Chinese, Raw
2,240
Hong Kong.
Kwong Chow Wan, Prepared
2,500
U. S. A.
Red Lion, Prepared
1,990
For export.
Red Lion, Prepared
500
Chinese, Raw
1,800
Straits or Java.
Hong Kong.
Red Lion, Prepared
600
Straits or Java.
Kwong Chow Wan, Prepared
1,150
Australia.
Red Lion, Prepared
5,284
Singapore.
Kwong Chow Wan, Prepared
1,230
Hong Kong.
Chinese, Raw
1,630
Hong Kong.
Chinese, Raw
780
Hong Kong.
Kwong Chow Wan, Prepared
1,000
U. S. A.
Chinese, Raw
735
Red Lion, Prepared
1,929
Hong Kong. Singapore.
Red Lion, Prepared
1,000
Australia.
Iranian, Raw
960
Hong Kong.
Chinese, Raw
650
Hong Kong.
Chinese, Raw
4,040
Hong Kong.
Iranian, Raw
1,200
Hong Kong.
Kwong Chow Wan, Prepared
2,406
Hong Kong.
E 21
Table XVI.
IMPORTATION OF DANGEROUS DRUGS DURING THE YEAR 1937.
Codeine as Alkaloid
Codeine in preparation
Ethylmorphine containing
Ethylmorphine, in preparations containing
Medicinal Opium, in preparations containing
Medicinal Opium
Cocaine as alkaloid, salts and preparations containing
Morphine as alkaloid, salts and preparations containing...
Dicodide, in preparations containing
Eukodal, in preparations containing
Table XVII.
LICENCES ISSUED DURING THE YEAR 1937.
Brewery Licence
Dealer's Licence
Liquor.
Kilos.
3.125
0.200
0.460
0.424
18.616
3.649
2.818
1.201
0.026
0.022
Licensed Warehouse Licence ....
Chinese Liquor Shop Licence (excluding New Territories).
Chinese Liquor Importer's Licence
Restricted Grocer's Licence
Distillery Licence:-
(a) Hong Kong and Aplichau
(b) Kowloon, South of Kowloon Hills (c) New Territories, North
(d) New Territories, South
Tobacco.
+234
1
31
1
202
28
29
13
Importer's Licence
46
Retailer's Licence:
(a) $30.00
1,227
(b) $20.00
1,039
(c) $5.00 (including 43 @ $10.00 fee increased
from June)
394
(d) Nominal Fee $1.00
18
2,678
Squatter's Licence $8.00
401
Delivery Cookies Licence $8.00
120
521
Licensed Warehouse Licence
Manufacturer's Licence
4
16
Type of goods manufactured.
E 22
Table XVIII,
CERTIFICATES OF ORIGIN.
Number of factories
registered on 31/12/36.
Number registered during 1937.
Number removed
from register during 1937.
Number of factories registered on 31/12/37.
Number of Certi- ficates of Origin
Issued.
Aerated water & prop. med. Batteries for flashlamps Bulbs for flashlamps
Camphorwood & teakwood
boxes
1
1
Canning & preserving
Cigarettes and Cigars
12
3
8.
14
1
N
14
607
3
135
со
∞ 27 2
14
412
1
15
378
3
Clothing, i.e. tailored suits...
*
Confectionery and biscuits...
Cosmetics and perfumery..
9
N N
4
23
11
424
Dyeing cloth
(0
Dyeing paper
1
1
Embroidery
1
1
Feather dusters
1
Firecrackers
1
1
54
Flashlights
16
17
991
Garments, shirts, ties, rain-
coats
27
9
∞
28 3,315
Glass bottles and jars
2
3
10
Handkerchiefs
1
*
Hardware
2
Hats and Caps
7
917
Hurricane lamps
1
1
53
Ink
1
Ivoryware
3
3.
18
Knitted goods
47
12
59 6,653
Leather and art. leather
goods
* Included in Garments.
12.
10
5
17
572
- E 23
Table XVIII.-Contd.
CERTIFICATES OF ORIGIN,-contd.
Type of goods manufactured.
|
ра
7
107
88
Number of factories registered on 31/12/36.
Number registered during 1937.
Number removed
from register during 1937.
Number of factories
registered on 31/12/37.
Number of Certi- ficates of Origin
Issued.
Lard and dried meats Mosquito destroyers
Mirrors
Noodles and macaroni
721
2 00
44
49
1
Oil, groundnut
2
Paint, varnish and lacquer.
2
1
1
2
171
2
22
wear
Pencils and crayons
Printing paper and cartons
etc.
Printing, silk
Rattan and seagrass ware......... 20 Rope
Shoes, leather, misc., foot-
Shoes, rubber
1
1
1 w
3
4
Hand N
2
3
82
1
3
18
321
1
15
4
|
5
•
1
23
833
Soap
String
Sugar refining
422 -
4
1,709
2
2
13
1
28
Thread
1
1
Toothpicks
1
Towels and napkins
2
1
3
во
Umbrellas
10
1
11
306
Vermillion
4
4
Piece goods
15
CO
6
21
697
Beer
Cement
Clay
Granite
2
1
Totals
278
72
122
16
334 19,088
E 24-
Table XIX.
COMPARATIVE TABLE OF NUMBERS OF DECLARATIONS RECEIVED AND
ITEMS ENTERED THEREFROM IN 1936 AND 1937.
Declarations.
Items.
1936.
1937.
1936.
1937.
January
38,760
46,643
85.819
101,247
February
42,878
38.164
93,379
81,194
March
49,763
55,429
106,732
123,187
April
46,375
53,303
97,836
121,100
May
47,663
53,192
102,088
116,901
June
47,760
53,741
100,375
116,271
July
46,496
52,534 95,677
113,338
August
45,358
48,432
96,998
106,092
September
50,771
38,032
110,604
84,913
October
52,414
28,472
117,318
68,830
November
53,184
42.441 120,912
93.785
December
53,219
44,007 118,062
99,962
Total
574,641
554,390 1,245,800 1,226,919
Average
47,887
46,199 103,817 102,243
Table XX.
NUMBER OF MANIFESTS RECEIVED DURING 1937.
Ocean.
River.
Junk.
Total.
January
1,032
950
1,236
3,218
February
902
774
1,095
2,771
March
1,029
937
1,313
3,279
April
1,045
893
1,117
3,055
May
1,015
932.
1,214
3,161
June
1,006
870
1.294
3,170
July
975
842
1,086
2,903
August
990
857-
934
2,781
September
776
491
430
1,697
October
639
312
455
1.406
November
710
496
714
1,920
December
750
498
1,174
2,422
Total
10,869
8,852
12,062
31,783
Average per
month
906
737
1,005
2,648
- E 25
Table XXI.
COMPARATIVE TABLE OF NUMBER OF MANIFESTS RECEIVED
IN 1936 AND 1937.
Inward.
Outward.
1936.
1937.
1936.
1937.
Ocean
5,974
5,302
6,267
5,567
River
5,454
4,442
5,520
4,410
Junk
6,774
6,149
6,929
5,913
Total
18,202
15,893
18,716
15,890
1936.
1937.
Grand Total
36,918
31,783
Average per month
3,077
2,648
Appendix F.
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE ROYAL OBSERVATORY, HONG KONG,
FOR THE YEAR 1937.
I-GROUNDS, BUILDINGS AND INSTRUMENTS.
The Beckley anemograph at Victoria Peak was seriously damaged in the typhoon of September 1-2; repairs were com- pleted and the instrument was again brought into use on 24th December.
II-METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS.
2. Automatic records of the temperature of the air and évaporation were obtained with the resistance thermometers and thread recorder. Direction and velocity of the wind were recorded with Beckley and Dines-Baxendell anemographs, rain- fall by a Casella pluviograph, sunshine by a Campbell-Stokes universal recorder and barometric pressure by a Marvin baro- graph. Eye observations of barometric pressure, temperature and cloud were made hourly, and of the direction of cloud motion every three hours. Observations of pilot balloons were made with a Watts 14 inch prismatic theodolite at 9, a.m. and 3 p.m. when conditions were favourable
3. The principal features of the weather in 1937 were:-
(a) an excess of temperature, the year being the war- mest since 1915. The mean temperature was above normal in every month, and the mean for the year was 78.3 deg. F against a normal of 71.9 deg. (b) the destructive typhoon of September 2nd. The typhoon passed close to the south side of Hong Kong Island on a WNW track between 3 and 4 a.m. the Observatory the minimum barometer reading, reduced to mean sea level, was 28.298 inches, which is the lowest recorded since observations commenced in 1884. Several gusts exceeded 125 m.p.h., and it seems probable that the typhoon was the most violent which has ever visited the Colony.
At
4. The tracks of 21 typhoons which occurred in the Far East in 1987 are given in plates which will be included with the Meteorological Results for 1937, now in the press. The following table gives a summary of the meteorological data published monthly in the Government Gazette during the
year:
F 2-
Temperature.
Humidity.
1937
Month.
Absolute Mean
Mean Absolute
Max. Max.
Mean.
Rel. Abs.
Min.
Min.
Wind.
Cloud- Sun- Rain. iness. shine.
Direction. Velocity.
%
ins.
hrs.
%
ins.
m.p.h.
January
76.1 66.3
61.6
58.0
48.5
79 0.44
72
139.7
2.765 E by N
12.4
February
78.5
66.2
61.2
57.5
45.9
78 0.44
77
103.1
0.310
ENE
10.7
March
81.2
68.6
64.7
61.4
51.0
89
0.55
93
53.0
3.445
E by N
15.7
April
86.3 76.4 71.8 68.6 59.7
86
0.67
78
131.2
2.260
E
12.8
May
89.7
84.0 78.8
75.2
70.8
84
0.83
73
159.2
11.120
E by S
10.4
June
90.0 85.8 81.4
78.3
71.0
85
0.91
85
120.213.265 SE by S
9.9
July
91,5 88,0' 82.7
78.8
75.0
84 0.93
61
237.6 19.315 SE by E
7.1
August
93.0
86.1 82.2
79.0
75.9
86 0.94
84
125.2
14.355 SE by E
13.5
September
90.6 87.0 82.1
78.9
74.9
82
0.90
59
208.2
12.525 E
11.3
October
89.0
82.5 77.5
73.5
62.
72 0.69
41
268.0
1.500 NE by E
11.8
November
84.1 76.5
70.8
66.7
53.2
71
0.55
55
182.7
1.035
ENE
9.9
December
76.8
70.0
65.0
61.1
52.7
76
0.47
59
166.0
0.605 E by N
10.7
Mean, Total or Extreme
93.0 78.1
73.3
69.7
45.9
81
0.69
70 1894.1 82.500
82.500 E by N
11.3
}
F 3
5. In the following table the monthly rainfall at the Observatory is compared with other records in the Colony.
Matilda
Obser-
Police
Botanical
Hospital
Gardens
Month.
vatory
Station
(Mount
(Kowloon) (Taipo).
(Hong
Kellet,
Fanling.
Kong).
Hong
Kong).
inches. inches.
inches.
inches.
inches.
January
2.765
1.90
2.90
2.27
2.02
February
0.310
0.51
0.19
0.36
0.53
March
3.445
2.59
2.97
3.27
2.09
April
2.260
3.89
1.41
1.38
3.99
May
11.120
15.12
12.44
12.01
8.24
June
13.265
9.48
13.39
12.40
6.60
July
19.315
16.33
19.63
15.74
13.07
August
14.355
24.63
14.29
12.03
16.30
September
12.525
13.64
8.90
6.73
13.94
October
1.500
2.83
1.16
1.35
2.42
November
1.035
1.24
1.99
1.48
0.35
December
0.605
0.67
0.69
0.88
0.64
Year 1937
82.500
92.83
79.96
69.90
.70.19
During the year raingauges have been installed at the Police Stations in Cheung Chau, Sai-Kung, Lok ma-Chau and Ping Shan.
III. PUBLICATIONS.
6. The following publications have been made during 1937:
Magnetic Results, 1936.
Meteorological Results, 1936.
The Typhoons of August 16-17, 1936 & September
1-2, 1937.
The following are in the press:-
Magnetic Results, 1937.
Meteorological Results, 1937.
;
A monthly abstract of meteorological observations is published in the Government Gazette and copies are supplied to any firm or individual requiring them, and a montlily seismological bulletin is issued and distributed to other observa- tories.
7. A weather map of the Far East for 6 a.m. of 120th meridian time is constructed daily and forecasts are issued for the following districts:-
A. Shanghai to Turnabout.
B. Turnabout to Hong Kong.
C. Hong Kong and neighbourhood. D. Hong Kong to Hainan.
E.
Northern China Sea.
1
1
F 4
A
The map, weather report and forecast are exhibited at the Hong Kong and Kowloon Ferry piers, the Harbour Office, Telegraph Offices and General Post Office. The weather map inay be purchased by the public at a subscription rate of 15 dollars per annum. There were 30 subscribers in 1937 weather map for 2 p.m. is also prepared but it not published. Morning and afternoon weather reports and forecasts, together with observations made at 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., are published in the local press.
IV.-WEATHER TELEGRAMS, FORECASTS AND STORM WARNINGS.
8. The Telegraph Companies continue to transmit twice daily, free of charge, meteorological observations from Vladivo- stock, Japan, Shanghai, Formosa, Indo China and the Philip- pines. Meteorological broadcasts by radio and the direct radio services of Sicawei and Pratas Island are extremely valuable. Extra observations at half cable rate are also obtainable from a number of stations by courtesy of the Telegraph Companies.
9. Weather Telegrams from ships by Radio:-The follow- ing table gives the monthly number of ships from which radio meteorological messages have been received and the number of messages received (each arrival and departure is counted separately.)
Month.
British (including H.M. Ships).
H.M. Ships
No. of ships.
No. of messages.
No. of
in Port.
ships.
No. of
Other National-
ities.
Total.
messages.
No. of ships.
No. of messages.
No. of ships.
No. of messages.
January February March
214
326
8
74
159
251
10
106
134 214
65
April May
160 256
101
128 188
96
June
94 143
77
July
123
190
8
126
August
137 203
11
117
September
131 223
8
106
October
199 312
7
101
November
215 359
7
83
December
180 290
8
82
**UEFA LONG
97 156
319
556
74 122
243
479
80 129
222
408
76
112
245
469
86
128
223
412
63 98
164
318
84 143
215
459
96 198
244
518
90
150
229 479
90 197
296
610
95 145
317
587
85
121
273
493
1937
1936
Totals
1935
1934
1896 3049 1795 2864 128 1851 3117 129
1874 2955 100 1134 1016 1699 115 1575 1001 1568
2990 5788
3012 6192
1612 935 1519
1652 892 1551
2853 5995
2872 6320
:
F 5-
10. Weather forecasts, storm warnings and time signals are distributed by radio telegraphy as detailed in the Notice to Mariners issued by this Department. Storm warnings to Hong Kong and vicinity are also given by means of the Local and Non-local Signal Codes. A telegraphic adaption of the Non- local Code is used for issuing warnings by cable to places outside the Colony.
11. Local signals, day and night, have been hoisted during the past 5 years according to the following table.
Warning Signal.
Siguals 2-9.
Year.
Number of
times.
Number of hours displayed.
Number of
times.
Number of hours displayed.
Signal No. 10 Bombs.
Number of times fired.
1933
5
62
6
75
1934
177
1
80
1935
86
3
60
1936
5
93
1937
10
5
80
38
5
77
1
10
5
53
1
V-METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FROM SHIPS,
TREATY PORTS, ETC.
12. In addition to meteorological registers kept at about 40 stations in China, meteorological logs were received from 125 ships operating in the Far East. These logs, representing 7689 days observations have been used for amplifying the weather maps and verifying typhoon tracks. The corresponding figures for 1936 were 131 and 8662.
VI. MAGNETIC OBSERVATIONS.
13. The Magnetic Station at Au Tau has been kept in action throughout the year, and the results of the observations are now in the press.
F 6
VII. TIME SERVICE.
14. Clocks Cottingham and Mercer 507 (Sidereal) and Leroy 1350 were in use throughout the year. The necessary astronomical observations for the determination of the error of the former were obtained each evening (weather permitting) by the local staff. Observations of the radio time signals emitted by Nauen have been made daily whenever possible during the year and utilised for clock regulation.
15. Time Signals were given throughout the year by radio from 9.55 a.m. to 10. a.m. each morning and 8.55 p.m. to 9 p.m. each evening. Dots of about 0.1 second duration were transmitted at each second except for periods marking the minutes and half minutes. The evening programme was duplicated by three white lights (vertical) on the radio mast, the lights being extinguished each second in accordance with the radio programme.
Hourly signals were sent to the General Post Office, Radio Studio, Railway, the associated Telegraph Companies and the Telephone Company.
The errors of the time signals have been published monthly in the Government Gazette.
IX.-MISCELLANEOUS.
16. Aviation service.-Commencing on 18th May a senior officer and a Chinese assistant have been stationed at Kaitack aerodrome daily during the forenoon. A synoptic chart of the Far East, on which is also all available information concerning upper winds, is prepared and exhibited in the aerodrome, and the officer is available for consultation by departing pilots. An hourly weather report is broadcast daily, usually from 0600 to 1600 Hong Kong Standard Time, and is communicated directly to the Imperial Airways plane during its weekly flight from Indo China to Hong Kong. A route forecast is also furnished to the pilot on his return flight to Indo China.
17. Seismographs.-The seismographs have been kept in good order throughout the year. 398 earthquakes were recorded, compared with 342 in 1936. The seismograms have been for- warded to the International Seismological Committee, Oxford.
18. Upper Air Research.-Observations of 526 pilot balloons were made during the year. Details of the flights will be included in Meteorological Results for 1937.
19. Lithography.-Lithographic work for other departments was undertaken as follows:
Electrical Dept.
Colonial Secretariat
Medical Dept.
Radio Forms
2,100
Map of Hong Kong
1,000
Shing Mun Map
600
F7-
20. Mr. B. D. Evans was absent on leave from 6th March to 8th December, during which period Mr. G. S. P. Heywood acted as Assistant Director. Mr. Heywood also acted as Director from 19th September to 13th October, during my absence from the Colony. Miss C. E. Newton resigned her post as Office Assistant on October 14th, and was replaced by Miss J. G. Weller on 25th November.
Expenditure.-The annual expenditure on the Observa-
tory for the past 10 years has been as follows:-
Year
Personal Emoluments & Other Charges.
Special
Total
Total
Expenditure Expenditure Revenue
1928
47.292.33
272.70 47,565.03
506.10
1929
48.282.63
48,282.63
530.50
1930 68,696.59
1,670.07
70,366.66
506.80
1931 76,037.81
76,037.81
735.00
1932
69,518.23
69,518.23
598.00
1933
63,165.42
63,165.42
600.00
1934
59,327.62
1,259.57
60,587.19
529.00
1935 56,333.76
56,333.76
488.00
1936
71,416.17
71,416.17
612.40
1937 83,631.91
338.08
83,969.99
458.00
22. In the following table the expenditure and revenue for
1936 is compared with that for 1937.
F 8-
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE, 1936 and 1937.
1936
$¢
65,159.61
1937
$
Personal Emoluments
76,661.85
Other Charges.
Electric Light and Power
1,013.66
787.86
Gas
125.04
87.03
Incidental Expenses
94.42
430.77
Maintenance of Instruments & Plant
2,293.37
2,608.45
14
Postage
123.45
162.77
Printing
2,242.00
2,368.50
Rent of Public Telephone
117.00
Subscription to International' Meteorological
Organisation
77.42
80.00
Transport
135.72
192.50
Uniforms
151.48
135.18
Special Expenditure
Typewriter
Total, Other Charges
Total, Royal Observatory
338.08
6,256.56 7,308.14
71,416.17 83,969.99
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE, 1936 AND 1937.
1936
1937
$¢
612.40
Fees of Court or Office, Sale of Publications.
458.00
23. Acknowledgements are here made to the Directors of the Weather Services of the Far East, the Chinese Maritime Customs, and the Commanders of all ships for the observations forwarded during the year, to the Telegraph Companies for con- tinuing to forward observations free or at reduced rates, to the Police and other rainfall observers at out-stations, to all institutions and individuals who have contributed to the Library and to the Observatory Staff for the efficient performance of their duties. Special acknowledgements are due to the staffs of the Gap Rock and Waglan lighthouses for co-operation during the approach of typhoons, and for assistance to the aviation service.
Royal Observatory,
12th February, 1938.
C. W. JEFFRIES,
Director.
Appendix G.
REPORT OF THE REGISTRAR OF THE SUPREME COURT, OFFICIAL TRUSTEE, OFFICIAL ADMINISTRATOR AND REGISTRAR OF COMPANIES FOR THE YEAR 1937.
SUPREME Court.
ORIGINAL JURISDICTION.
172 civil actions were instituted as against 236 in 1936.
The monetary claims amounted to $1,021,619.10 as against $3,115,962.95 in 1936.
The fees collected amounted to $13,647.25 as against $15,789.25 in 1936.
SUPREME COURT.
SUMMARY JURISDICTION.
1582 actions were instituted as against 1753 in 1936.
The monetary claims amounted to $382,578.91 as against $460,474.71 in 1936.
2080 Distraints for Rent were issued representing unpaid rents amounting to $263,122.88 as against 1923 and $325,095.64 respectively in 1936.
The fees collected amounted to $24,530.00 as against $25,390.25 in 1936.
SUITORS' FUNDS.
out.
$245,510.90 was paid into Court and $243,530.94 was paid
CRIMINAL JURISDICTION.
240 persons were committed for trial at the Criminal Sessions of whom 192 were convicted. One defendant failed to appear and a Bench Warrant was issued for his arrest. His bail was estreated.
G 2
-
(a) Criminal.
APPELLATE JURISDICTION.
There were 4 appeals against conviction on indictment and 29 appeals against conviction by magistrates.
(b) Civil.
There were 9 appeals.
ADMIRALTY JURISDICTION.
Only 2 actions were instituted.
The fees collected amounted to $142.00 as against $259.50 in 1936.
PROBATE JURISDICTION.
327 grants (115 Probates and 212 Letters of Administration) were made by the Court.
76 grants by other British Courts were sealed, making a total of 402 grants compared with 456 in 1936.
Of the above number of Letters of Administration 4 grants were made to the Official Administrator, whose commission amounted to $1,622.64 as against $1,049.78 last year.
Court fees in respect of all grants amounted to $28,238.60 as against $28,186.90 last year.
DIVORCE JURISDICTION.
8 petitions were filed resulting in the grant of 2 decrees absolute; 1 petition was dismissed and 5 petitions were pending at the end of the year.
The fees collected amounted to $426.50 as against $194.00 in 1936.
OFFICIAL TRUSTEE.
The number of trust estates in the hands of the Official Trustee at the end of the year was 21. The invested funds totalled $141,643.24 and £1,850. 0. 0. producing an income of $18,104.99. 4 new trusts were opened.
The amount of commission collected was $123.60 as against $62.10 in 1936. Several are charitable trusts and therefore not liable for commission.
COMPANIES REGISTRY.
71 new companies were registered bringing the total number of companies on the registers of this office at the end of the year up to 939, of which 722 were locally incorporated. The remain- ing 217 were incorporated outside the Colony but carry on business within the Colony.
G 3
26 companies were removed from the Register by reason of the cessation of their business.
The fees collected from the above 939 companies amounted to $20,813.00.
The fees collected for licences to companies to keep branch registers outside the Colony amounted to $2,233.91.
The fees collected from the Registrar of Companies at Shanghai in respect of "China" companies amounted $165,703.17.
to
The grand total of all fees collected is $188,750.08 as against $189,928.11 in 1936.
BILLS OF SALE.
31 Bills of Sale were registered during the year as against 38 in 1936.
REVENUE.
(FEES, COMMISSION, ETC.)
The total fees collected during the year amounted to $292,146.35 as against $299,595.71 in 1936.
PERSONNEL.
Mr. C. G. Alabaster O.B.E., K.C. acted as Chief Justice from 26th June 1937 until 3rd August 1937 during the absence from the Colony of His Honour Sir A. D. A. MacGregor Kt. K.C.
Mr. C. G. Alabaster O.B.E., K.C. acted as temporary additional judge from 4th August 1937 until 10th August 1937.
Mr. C. G. Alabster O.B.E., K.C. was appointed temporary additional judge on the 30th August 1937 to be called upon whenever and as often as his services may be required by the Chief Justice for the purposes of the Full Court Ordinance 1933.
Mr. L. R. Andrewes acted as Registrar of the Supreme Court, Registrar of Companies, Official Trustee and Official Administrator from 8th February, 1937 until 27th October 1937 during the absence on furlough of Mr. E. P. H. Lang.
Mr. L. R. Andrewes was appointed Official Receiver in Bank- ruptcy and Registrar of Trade Marks and Patents on the 9th October 1937.
Mr. J. P. Murphy was appointed Deputy Registrar of the Supreme Court and Deputy Registrar of Companies on the 6th February 1937.
E. P. H. Lang,
Registrar, Supreme Court.
Official Trustee, Official Administrator,
Registrar of Companies..
- G 4
Table I.
Ten year comparative Table (1928-1937) showing the expenditure and revenue of the Supreme Court including the Companies' Registry.
Year.
Expenditure.
Revenue.
1928
$165,114.93
$101,624.20
1929
167,632.95
102,876.25
1930
218,933.24
95,560.75
1931 .
240,030.30
97,773.74
1932
231,828.63
155,461.92
1933
244,996.00
170,422.62
1934
249,032.71
164,026.32
1935
192,180.67
156,291.09
1936 1937
227,937.26
126,469.10
234,819.59
124,209.27
Note: The fees in the Revenue column do not include the fees paid direct to the Treasury by companies in respect of licences to keep Branch Registers outside the Colony nor do they include the fees paid by the Registrar of Companies at Shanghai to the Treasury in respect of "China" companies.
Table II.
Table of fees received in the Hong Kong Companies Registry 1932-1937.
Number of local Number of new
Amount of
Year.
companies on
companies
the Hong Kong
registered
fees collected.
register.
each year.
1932
674
84
$21,958.00
1933
722
94
25,298.20
1934
722
66
19,813.00
1935
713
59
19,273.20
1936
697
55
16,801.50
1937
722
71
20,813.00
Appendix G (1).
REPORT OF THE OFFICIAL RECEIVER AND
REGISTRAR OF TRADE MARKS AND
PATENTS FOR THE YEAR 1937.
BANKRUPTCY
AND
COMPANIES WINDING-UP
..
New Business.
1. Fourteen petitions in bankruptcy were presented during the year, nine by creditors and five by debtors, as against a total of thirteen petitions in the previous year.
2. Two companies winding-up petitions were filed. Of these one was dismissed, and in the remaining case a com- pulsory winding-up order was made. In the previous year three petitions were filed, of which one was dismissed, and in the remaining two cases compulsory winding-up orders were made.
3. The total assets brought to credit during the year under review amounted to $540,319.07. The total amount of assets paid out amounted to $517,581.44. These figures, which include both bankruptcies and companies liquidations, show a decrease of $142,418.63 and $30,772.78 respectively on comparison with the figures for 1936. The liabilities as estimated by debtors in cases where the petitions were presented during the year 1937, amounted to $1,699,114.46. A table of comparison appears overleaf.
4. Three salaried employees filed bankruptcy petitions during the year as compared with one in the year 1936. Other failures for the year under review included a commission agent, manufacturers of preserved ginger, earthenware dealers, a ship- yard, grocers, a broker, a journalist, hosiery mills, a timber firm, a bank, and an insolvent estate of a deceased merchant.
G (1) 2
Fees.
5. The Official Receiver's commission amounted to $19,306.57 showing a decrease of $26,388.75 compared with the previous year. The commission in 1936 was abnormally high because of the failure of the Bank of Canton Ltd. In 1937 there were no large failures. Possession fees collected by the Official Receiver and paid to the Registrar of the Supreme Court amounted to $1,128.00 as against $1,220.00 for 1936.
Discharges.
6. Four bankrupts were discharged during the year, one discharge was absolute, one was subject to suspension for one month, one to suspension for three months, and one was subject to consent to judgment for $1,000.00. No applications for discharge were refused.
General.
.
7. During the year under review dividends were paid in twenty four cases. In only one of these cases was the petition filed in 1937. In seven estates the court granted releases to the Official Receiver from trusteeship. The court made eight orders for destruction of books no longer required. There are nine cases in bankruptcy in which bankrupt salaried employees pay instalments and it is customary to pay dividends on account as soon as the assets are sufficient to pay ten per cent.
Staff.
8. Mr. J. J. Hayden, Official Receiver, was transferred to Kenya and promoted to the bench. He left the Colony on 6th March 1937. Mr. L. R. Andrewes was appointed Official Receiver on the 9th October 1937, and Mr. J. B. Prentis acted as Official Receiver during the interval.
9. Comparative figures for the years 1936 and 1937 are given below.
COMPANIES LIQUIDATION.
BANKRUPTCY.
Year.
1937...
2 1 14 9
LO
5
14
1
8
11
0
1
0 0
1936...
קא
3
2
115
13
12
1
6
0
1
6
0
2
1 0
Year.
Discharges
granted.
Receiving orders rescinded.
Adjudications
annulled.
Assets brought to credit.
G (1) 3
Watchmens'
Possession Unclaimed fees collected
balances
Receiver's by Official transferred
Official
Estimated Fees in
liabilities.
Court.
Com-
Receiver &
mission.
paid to Registrar
to General Revenue.
Sup. Ct.
$
C.
C.
c. $
C.
C.
$
C.
1937
4
1
0 540,319.07 1,699,114.46 2,023.50 19,306.57
1,128.00
4,597.74
1936
6
1
2 682,737.70 1,588,587.96 2,864.40 45,695.32
1,220.00
3,572.60
REGISTRATION OF TRADE MARKS.
Revenue.
10. The revenue derived from the registration of trade marks showed an increase of $1,555.00 over that for the preceding year. This was due to a larger number of applications for registrations of trade marks and of assignments of trade marks; also a larger number of certificates of registration were granted.
Opposed Registration.
11. Five notices of opposition to the registration of trade marks were filed during the year. Of these, one is now rending. three were withdrawn, and one was abandoned.
Year.
Total No. of Total No. of applications registration
for registration. granted.
Total No. of
Total No. of trade
certificates
i
renewals.
makes assigned.
Total amount of fees.
1937
380
330
203
200
$20,843.00
!
1936
319
282
312
170
$19,288.00
G (1) 4
REGISTRATION OF LETTERS PATENT.
12. The revenue derived from this source amounted to $110.00 as against $259.00 in 1936. The decrease is due to fewer registrations.
Year.
Number of Registration
patents.
fees.
Other fees. Total fees.
1937
$80.00
$30.00
$110.00
1936
21
$170.00
$89.00
$259.00
TOTAL REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
13. The following are totals of revenue and expenditure for the department of the Official Receiver and Registrar of Trade Marks and Letters Patent for the years 1936 and 1937 respectively, (the expenditure including personal emoluments of officers in the Junior Clerical Service):
----
Revenue.
Expenditure.
1936..
.$70,034.92
$24,884.40
1937.
$45,985.31
$21,270.10
This shows a net profit of $24,715.21 for 1937 against a net profit of $45,150.52 for 1936 being a decrease of $20,435.31, due principally to there being no very large liquidations or bank- ruptcies in 1937.
L. R. ANDREWES,
Official Receiver and
Registrar of Trade Marks & Patents.
Hong Kong, 4th March, 1938.
Appendix H.
REPORT OF THE HONG KONG AND KOWLOON
MAGISTRACIES FOR THE YEAR 1937.
HONG KONG.
1. Mr. W. Schofield acted as First Police Magistrate and Coroner from the 1st January to the 21st October.
Mr. R. A. D. Forrest acted as First Police Magistrate and Coroner from the 22nd October to the end of the year.
Mr. K. Keen acted as Second Police Magistrate and Coroner from 1st January to 22nd August.
Mr. S. F. Balfour acted as Second Police Magistrate and Coroner from 23rd August to 24th October.
Mr. R. Edwards acted as Second Police Magistrate and Coroner from 25th October to the end of the year.
The number of cases was 38,091 as compared with 37,044 in 1936.
KOWLOON.
2. Mr. Q. A. A. Macfadyen acted as Police Magistrate and Coroner, Kowloon, from 1st January to 19th March.
Mr. E. Himsworth acted as Police Magistrate and Coroner, Kowloon, from 20th March to 26th October.
Mr. K. Keen acted as Police Magistrate and Coroner, Kowloon, from the 27th October to the end of the year.
Mr. E. Himsworth acted as Second Police Magistrate and Coroner, Kowloon, from 1st January to 15th February.
Mr. K. M. A. Barnett acted as Second Police Magistrate and Coroner, Kowloon, from 16th February to the end of the year.
The number of cases was 30,220 as compared with 25,249 in 1936.
·H 2
GENERAL.
3. Table I shows the expenditure of the two Magistracies for the years 1936 and 1937, including the cost of all officers in the departments who belong to the Cadet, Senior Clerical and Accounting, and Junior Clerical services.
4. Table II shows the collections of the two Magistracies for the same years.
5. Table III shows their revenue and expenditure for the last ten years in comparative form.
6. Table IV gives an abstract of Cases under cognizance of the Magistrates' Courts during the years 1936 and 1937 in comparative form. The number of offenders previously convicted who were sentenced during the year is shown and the number of offenders who were placed under Police Supervision in addition to their sentences is given. Orders made for confis- cation of unmanifested cargo, etc. are also shown.
7. Table V is an analysis of the "convicted and sentenced" column in table IV, showing the penalties inflicted under each of the seven main heads of crime in that table. The number of offenders previously bound over whose bonds have been enforced on committing a breach of the conditions of the bonds is also shown.
8. Table VI is a return of boy juvenile offenders brought before the Hong Kong and Kowloon Magistrates' Courts during the years 1936 and 1937 giving their ages, the offences committed by them and the sentences imposed.
9. Table VII is a return of girl juvenile offenders, giving information similar to that in table VI.
10. Table VIII gives the number of writs issued from the two Magistracies during the years 1936 and 1937.
11. Table IX is an abstract of all cases brought before the Hong Kong and Kowloon Magistrates' Courts during the last ten years.
12. Table X shows the work done by the Magistrates sitting as Coroners.
13. The number of bonds enforced during the year is also shown in tables IV, VI, VII, and IX.
- H 3-
14. Proceedings were taken under the Extradition Acts against five persons for crimes committed outside the Colony. Of these one was committed to prison to await the Order of H.E. the Governor and the others were discharged.
15. Summonses under the Separation and Maintenance Order Ordinance, 1935, in Hong Kong numbered four as against five in 1936. Order was made in one of them. In Kowloon these summonses numbered five as against four in 1936. In one of them order was made.
16. The year under report marked a fresh high level in the number of persons before the court both in Hong Kong and in Kowloon; 40,391 and 31,169 respectively as against 37,974 and 26,172 in 1936.
17. In Hong Kong revenue and expenditure again show increases, while in Kowloon last year's tendencies are reversed; revenue has risen and expenditure declined.
18. In table IV the following sub-heads show important increases; simple larceny, increased by nearly 1,000 cases; stealing from the person; robbery; receiving and unlawful possession; trade mark infringement; food and drug offences; offences against public health; and street hawkers offences. In Kowloon, increases are shown not only under the heads of larceny and receiving but under obstruction, begging and offences against public health.
Decreases in both courts appear in opium and drug offences, returning from banishment, traffic offences (except in Kowloon) and dog summonses.
A very large proportion of the increase in receiving and possession is accounted for by the numerous cases of unlawful possession of tree wood, brought from September, 1937 onwards, after the typhoon.
19. In the Juvenile Courts, similar trends can be observed, in the increase of offences against property and of hawkers offences, principally hawking newspapers without a licence, which has since July almost superseded the selling of vegetables as the mainstay of the child breadwinner. It even seems to have attracted the young tobacco smugglers on the water front, for defendants in such cases have sunk from 39 to 9, and the same decline occurred in Kowloon where, however, larcenies and hawking offences have also declined. Girl hawkers, who number 9 out of 10 girl offenders, have increased both sides of the harbour.
ز
H4
20. A noteworthy feature of 1937 was the large number of bonds enforced. This is partly due to more offenders having been bound over in that year.
Binding over is resorted to chiefly for simple larceny, unlawful possession, assault and breach of the peace, and begging. In Kowloon, where binding over was less frequent, bonds enforced numbered one-third of the bonds entered into. In Hong Kong the proportion was only one-ninth.
21. The Aberdeen Industrial School was filled up during the year, so that other means of reformation of juveniles had to be tried. Fines were more frequent, because they could be paid, thanks to profits on newspaper sales.
22. The probation officers did very valuable work, and made possible the successful functioning of the juvenile courts and remand homes.
1st. April, 1938.
H. R. BUTTERS,
First Police Magistrate.
- H 5
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE, 1936 AND 1937.
HONG KONG
1936.
$61,152.00
1937.
$73,174.00
Personal Emoluments
OTHER CHARGES.
=
Electric Fans and Light
177.00
201.00
Fees for Interpretation
112.00
173.00
Incidental Expenses
300.00
353.00
Transport
269.00
173.00
Uniform for Messengers
99.00
66.00
SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.
Law Book
Typewriter
Total
67.00
288.00
$62,109.00
$74.495.00
KOWLOON.
1936.
1937.
Personal Emoluments (1)
$55,748.00
$50,341.00
OTHER CHARGES.
Electric Fans and Lights
428.00
366.00
Fees for Interpretation
31.00
69.00
Incidental Expenses.
447.00
448.00
Uniform for Messengers
98.00
97.00
SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.
Law Books
119.00
158.00
One Typewriter
288.00
Total.......
$56,871.00
$51,767.00
(1) Includes officers of Cadet, S.C. & A., and J. C. Services.
i
{
7
H 6-
Table II.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF COLLECTIONS 1936 AND 1937.
Fines
Fees
Forfeitures
HONG KONG.
1936.
1937.
$ 72,861.00
$ 64,983.00
624.00
266.00
12,011.00
29,980.00
100.00
30.00
Liquor (Temporary permit)
Arms forfeitures
Poor Box
665.00
1,490.00
Arms Fine Fund
260.00
50.00
Revenue Reward Fund
16,414.00
9,858.00
Total
$102,935.00
$106,657.00
Fines
Fees
Forfeitures
Poor Box
Arms Fine Fund
Revenue Reward Fund
KOWLOON.
1936.
1937.
$38,771.00
$51,394.00
70.00
184.00
4,829.00
7,286.00
198.00
772.00
502.00
10.00
10,465.00
8,205.00
30.00
66.00
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
Total
$54,865.00
$67,917.00
H 7
-
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE
FOR LAST TEN YEARS.
HONG KONG.
Personal Emoluments
Year.
Special
and other charges.
Total Expenditure. Expenditure. Revenue.
Total
1928
41,090.00
41,090.00
113,305.00
1929
43,508.00
1930
70,168.00
43,508.00 95,333.00 70,168.00 86,738.00
1931
70,000.00
1932
73.453.00
1933
69,259.00
115.00
109,300.00 69,374.00 126,559.00
70,000.00 136,913.00 73,453.00
1934
78,151.00
64.00
78,215.00 139,210.00
1935
60,297.00
51.00
60.348.00
84,836.00
1936
62,109.00
62,109.00
85,596.00
1937
74,140.00
355.00
74,495.00 95,259.00
KOWLOON.
1928
Figures not available.
1929
1930
$21,223.00
$21,223.00 $61,687.00
1931
40,698.00
40,698.00
74,027.00
1932
38,067.00
38,067.00 65,175.00
1933
32,405.00
32,405.00 75,592.00
1934
38,746.00
38,746.00 63,168.00
1935
37,772.00
1936
1937
56,752.00
51,321.00
717.00
119.00
446.00
56,871.00
38,489.00 48,363.00
43,700.00
51,767.00 58,930.00
ABSTRACT OF
Classification of Offences.
Total No. of Total No. of
charges. Defts.
Convicted and sentenced.
297
469
Embezzlement and fraudulent
61
12
Piracy
Burglary and house breaking
116
2. Arson
4. Forgery
Demanding with menaces
False pretences and cheating
Receiving and possession of stolen
goods
Larceny by servant
3. Malicious damage
5. Other offences
(b)-Against their persons.
1. Murder
2. Manslaughter
3. Ill-treatment and grievous harm
4. Common assault
14
73
86
42
259 589
8 ༐ཀྐུཋཎྜ ཙྪིཥྛཿ །༈ཙྪིཾ
༄༅།ༀ
OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS
(a)—Against their property.
1. Larceny: Simple
Stealing from the person
conversion
Robbery
M.
F.
Total.
1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936
1,699 2,5321,709 2,657 1,116 1,757
19
299 478
262 431
31,1351,760. 105
262 431
28
969 2,606 986 2,715
ཙ©།ཤྲྰིཥ
ྂ」 ིི
61
34
25
19
25
19
28
12
45
129 125
15
24
80 108
92 109
།།ཐཱ ཙྪཾ།
2
113
120
113
2
9
13
9
13
4
60
61
60 61
10
368 1,516
50
284
4181,800
211
49
62
2
1
51
63
7
30
43
16
32
16
32
43
46
16
19
16
19
14
263
621
· 195
490
ง
197
497
32
3
4
6
4
5. Kidnapping
ཨ་ྒུ།
3
2
3
| |
24
55
43
18
13
230
165 245
187
93
75
1
6. Sexual offences
6
6
4
3
7. Other offences
19
12
33
13
12
35422
1
11951
14
12
97
76
37
1
7
19
එය
3
6
OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.
(a)-Against the Crown and Govt.
+
1. Passport and aliens registration
offences
81 112
89
119
2. Weights and measures offences
24
4
18
3. Currency offences
46
4. Sedition and intimidation
1
3
∞ co co co
62
96
13
9
26
3
837-
62
101
1
13
H
30
1
1
5. Unlawful societies
6. Trespass and damage on Crown Land
249
261
293
287
143
172
18
13
161
185
5.
7. Misconduct by Government officers....
3
3
3
3
1
3
8. Opium offences
695
529
698
9. Dangerous drug offences
10. Tobacco and Liquor offences
11. Other offences
579 343 330 364 412 207 548 589 535 612 383 463 124
88 177 90 173 85 149
563
461
213
༄ག།
66
39
645
500
49
30
256
243
87
507 550
1376
3:
5:
2
85 151
Carried forward
6,0158,943 6,190 9,459 3,851 6,182
347
4774,199 6,659
70
90
"...
- H 8
Table IV.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS DURING THE
HONG KONG.
Cascs, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants under each
victed and sentenced.
Discharged.
Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.
Committed to prison or detained pending orders of H.E. the Governor.
Bound over without fu
To keep the peace and be
of good behaviour.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937
1936 1937
1936 1937 1936
1937
1936 1937 1936 1937
1936 1937 1936 1937 1
757
19
31,1351,760, 105 147
1
1
106 148
31
262
431
28
36
28
36
19
25
19
28
2
28
2
24
2828
24
2+
1 10
21
113
120
113
2
13
9
13
4
10
61
60
61
10
25
992
2
9
1
4
10
2
12
25
Co
11
| | | | | |
335 679
2
5
6
7
1
1
6
6
1
428
516
62
108
50
284
418 1,800
2
1
51
63
ཀླུ་
211
308
18
20
229
328
7
6
2
9
6
32
19
490
2
|ا۔
16
32
8
2
10
9
16
19
14
14
6
19
2
7
197 497
32
64
32
64
1
3
128
3
15
191
424
102
108
17
32
1
1
3
1
1
21
48
5
35122
13
75
1
1888
11
12
11
36
37
37
1262
25
2
2
2
1
12
5
1125
T
19
14
12
97
76.
37
1:
3
21
4
19
6:
4
∞ ∞ ++
5
18
98
97
96
13
STI
10
5
62 101
24
18
1
13
3
CO LO
24
18
5
3
с бо
5
7
30
7
3
3
11
~
3
1
1
2
2
172
18
13
161
.185
54
49
8
1
3
1
461
66
39
213
49
463
124
149
8888888
645
500
39
53
8
30 256 243
53
94
15
87
507 550
19
85 151
2
,182
347
4774,1996,659
703
985
སྶ།ཚོ
41
22
CO
189
045 2
62
1242
55
1
2
47
54
68 112
25
53
11
24
50
4
22
1
71
56
774 1,041 72
118
16
1
เด
5
1
9811-
1 11
41
37
20
1
BIO
10
3
2
3
2
11
1
1
750 1,346 137 133
RING THE YEARS 1936 AND 1937.
under each Head.
er without further penalty.
Under Police supervision.
Previously convicted.
Bonds enforced.
Order made.
eace and be
laviour.
To come up for judgment.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
.936
1937
1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937
1936 1937 1936 1937
1936 1937 1936
1937
1936 1937
1936 1937
21
5 126
64
5
1
15
1
2
4
20
298
14
162
314
26
90
Be
1
114
118
60
4
| |
1
1
10
5
1
11
11
1 111
1
12
12
5
1
5
1
2
102
108
42
33
22
2
1
34
131
6
51
3
1
1
13
2
| | |
1
1
1
1
10
5
10
60
2
16
1
20
2
2
|
137
2
8
❤
3
1
co
3
a
22
3
3
133
226 131
12
36
26
Q
2
2
12
17
3
9
3
4
3
31
2
3
x.com
54
52
334 652
Co
3
126
196
-
3
10
3
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNI
Classification of Offences.
Total No. of Total No. of
charges.
Defts.
Convicted and sentenced.
Brought forward
(d)—Against Public Justice.
Cascs, h
Dischar
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
1936 1937 1936 1937
1936 1937 1936
6,015 8,943 6,190 9,459 3,851 6,182 347
1937
477
1936 1937
4,198 6,659
1936
1937 1936 1
703
985
71
1. Escape and breach of prison
2
2
2:
2. Returning from banishment
433
355
433
356 413
328
5
417
333
3. Perjury
1
4. Bribery
18
25
5. Other offences
6
12
8:
12:
200
49
Q
∞ 1
2324 O
9
1
4
(e) Against the Public peace.
1. Breach of the peace
124
80
2. Unlawful possession of arms
16
18
3. Other offences
888
263
178
14
15
0898
6
|
6
I
1
50
56
3
57
59
15
28
10
10
3
crã
3
5
1
I
1856
(f)-Against trade.
1. Unmanifested cargo
73
29
8:
18
3:
15
co
2. Stowing away
12
14
13
16:
12
16
3. Trade Marks infringement
21
44
21
44
16
4. Employers and workmen offences
5
4
-
5. Food and drugs offences
24
24
62
63
63
63
45
சுக
13
45
M
3
18
12
16
16
།།སྨིཾ
22
3
13
10
47
45
17
1
10
5
1
655.
312
326 253 326 253
6. Other offences
2
(g)-Against Public Morals and Police.
1. Begging and touting
2. Brothels and procuration of women..
3. Lotteries and gambling
4. Offences against public health
5. Street hawkers offences
6. Obstruction
7. Offences with fire crackers
394 386 1,024 1,924 850 1,228 850 1,245 705 951 27 14,927 16,635 14,992 16,647
9,459 11,261 2,858 3,035 12,817 14,296 1,877 1,873 3,001 2,205 3,001 2,205 2,707 1,871 18
371 170 371 170 332 127
659 326
246
150
31
277
158 307 116
28
8:
19 315
232
323: 251
928 1,792 61
69
989 1,861 29
61
36
732 987 112
244
775
4
2,725 1,875 269
330
6
1
333 127 38
43
8. Drunkenness
7
16
7:
18:
5
18
5
18:
9. Traffic offences of a technical nature. 10. Dangerous driving of vehicles
5,871
4,936 5,869 4,939 5,520 4,401 133 138 134 138 129
6
15
124
10 00
5,526 4,416 342 511
129
127
3
11. Vagrants
25
31
25
43
23
39
23
39
1
12. Unlicensed and unmuzzled dogs
267
199
267
199 210
137
9
213
146 53
48
13. Mui Tsai offences of a technical nature
58
45
59
45.
6
18
53
24
6
14. Ill-treatment of Mui Tsai
3
5
1
4
1
1
15. Other offences
2,120
403 2,135 423 1,563 229 97 121
1,660 350 394
54
18
Total
35,800 36,560 36,772 38,781 26,241 27,823 3,835 4,040 30,076 31,863 4,191 4,372
929
(1) Confiscation of unmanifested cargo.
(2) To pay costs
(3)
(4):
H
Table IV.-Continued.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS DURINC
HONG KONG.—Continued.
Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants under ‹
Discharged.
Committed for trial at the detained pending orders
Supreme Court.
Committed to prison or
of H.E. the Governor.
Bound over wi
To keep the peace an
of good behaviour
Convicted and sentenced.
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
M.
F.
936 1937 1936 1937
3,851 6,182 347 477
1936 1937 1936
1937
1936 1937
4,198 6,659. 703
985
71
56
1936 1937 1936
774 1,041 72
1937 1936 1937
1936 1937
1935
1937
118
16
1
5
1
|
413 328
5
39995
50
56:
10
| |
1
417
2
333
9
3
9
12
1
1
CO LO
10
|—
1
11181
13
3
57
59
10:
1
1
856
10m
1
15
28
3
18
3
5
3
8888
28
5
1
3
}
3
15
3
18:
12
16
12
16
6
16
13:
45
45
5
10 110 00
800 34
}
16 15
13
3
5
1
22
15
22
10
1
47
11
45 11
17
12
17
1 1 1 1 1
| | │
| | | | |
1111
I
M.
F.
1936 1937 1936 1
750 1,346 137
11111
157
11
111
83
2
11111
ས
1 1 033
1
1
246
8:
150 31
19
8
277 158 307
116
28
25
335
141
315
232
323
8
21
1
251
3
3
2
928 1,792 61
69
989 1,861 29
61
33
62
705 951
27
36
732
1
987
112 244
5
117
252
9,459 11,261 2,858 3,035 12,317 14,296 1,877 1,873
2,707 1,871 18
4 2,725 1,875 269 330
333 127 38
5
18
43
5,526 4,416 342 511
129 127
775
464 2,652 2,337
5
275 330
332
127
1
5
18:
5,520 4,401
6
15
111
38
43
1
10
129
124
3
3
8
ON
342
521
2
10
23
39:
23
39
4
2
210 137
213
146 53
48
5.
54
52
18
53
24
3
12
1
1,563 229 97 121 1,660 350 394
54
18
220
6
8
412
62
#2228
4
53
15
26,241 27,8233,835 4,040 30,076 31,863 4,1914,372
929
596 5,1204,968
99
134
16
5
1
1
2 -
32
co
3
957 1,477
174
cargo.
(3) To pay wages.
(4) 2 to pay maintenance, 12 to redeem articles under Pawn Broker's Ord.
NG THE YEARS 1936 AND 1937.
r each Head.
without further penalty.
and be iour.
To come up for
Under Police
supervision.
Previously convicted.
Bonds enforced.
Order made.
judgment.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
1937
1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937
1936 1937 1936 1937 1936
1937 1936 1937 1936 1937
1936
1937
133
226 131
12
26
54
52
―
334 652
4
6
כס
126
196
Į
2
3
8
1
wa
I
1
2
31
16
2
10
5
7
CO LO
1
111
[11
| | | | |
111
111
3
4 143 298 151
21
3
3
24
32
54
52
11
152
12
1
།8།། །
111
22
22
329
2
111
111
111
22
| | |
1
9
| | |
111
(6) 4 (6) 4*
(1) 66 (1) 11*
(2)
(3) 2 (3) 4
| 1
| | |
1 11
12
5
1
3
(5) 48
521 808
9
17 126
200
3
122
26
(5) 1 to pay maintenance, 47 to redeem articles under Pawn Broker's Ord. etc. (6) Confiscation of arms.
* No arrest
Classification of Offences.
Total No. of Total No. of
charges.
Defts.
OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.
(a)—Against their property.
1. Larceny and attempted larceny:
Simple Larceny
M.
1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1
1,499 2,326 1,471 2,275 1,102 1,
Stealing from the person
153 289 158
292 137
Embezzlement and fraudulent conversion
14
44
11
32
6
Robbery
29
16
47
23
3
Piracy
Burglary and house breaking
Demanding with menaces
False pretences and cheating
Receiving and possession of stolen goods 1,122 1,702 1,192 1,799
Larceny by servant
ន。៩ |
76
133
70
151
61
16
8
20
7
65
40
40
26
483
{
55
65
57
44
2. Arson
3. Malicious damage
9
4
12
3
4. Forgery
1
31
1
15
1
5. Other offences
211
394
209 412 147
(b)-Against their persons.
1. Murder
2. Manslaughter
3. Ill-treatment and grievous harm
4. Common assault
5. Kidnapping
6. Sexual offences
7. Other offences
OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.
(c)-Against the Crown and Govt.
1. Passport and aliens registration offences
2. Weights and measures offences
3. Currency offences
4. Sedition and intimidation
5. Unlawful societies
6. Trespass and damage on Crown Land
7. Misconduct by Government officers
8. Opium offences
9. Dangerous drugs
10. Tobacco and Liquor offences
11. Other offences
Carried forward
3
9
8
5
2
5
10
13
11
22
922
148
169
205
233
39
7
4
8
5
7
6
6
6
34
48
35
54
HAAA
14
82
1000 20
5
8
55
10:00 10
1232
5
1
8
2
65
36
19
+80
4
2
513
5
!
1
61
76
83
96
56
5
3
5
3
418
309
495
375
363
163 106 214
129
113
318 288 296 241
172
250 299 281 338 173
4,772 6,4745,009 6,684 2,997 4,
H 10
Table IV,-Continued.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNİSANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES
KOWLOON.
Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult De
Total No. of Total No. of
charges.
Convicted and sentenced.
Discharged.
Defts.
Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.
Committed to detained pend
of H.E. the
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
M.
LS.
1936
1937
1936 1937
1936 1937
1936
1937 1936 1937
1936
1937 1936 1937 1936 1937
1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1
1,499 2,326 1,471 2,275 1,102
1,617
26
321,1281,649
123
161
8
131
166
153 289 158
292 137 264
2
137 266
16
18
1
1
17
19
*sion
14
44
11
32
24
6
25
4
4
4
4
29
16
47
23
3
3
13
8
13
8
30
14
76
133
6
16
68
65
oods 1,122 1,702 1,192 1,799
62
55
| ខ |
70
8
40
65
4
9
4
31
1
211
394
209
58985 999
61
136
2
61
138
9
11
9
11
20
7
17
7
17
40
26
32
1
26 33
9
9
483
837
112
183
595 1,020
465
598
23
488
621
44
37
4
4
48
41
10
1
11
1
3
8
3
8
4
1
4
1
14
1
15
147
316
6
5 153 321
28
44
29
50
3
5
00 10
9
I
2
10
13
11
22
14
148
169
205
233
74
7
4
8
5
1500
44
3
7
34
48
355
6 $
6
2
54
14
16
13
21
جرحت
3
29
7
10
239
3
1
1
2
5
15
1
1
37
15
31
52
3
12236
2
6
Co
RE.
7
вить с
3
1
11~
51
H
1
ences
Į
5
8
82
55
1242
5
1
8
2
65
36
19
489
H
H
1
2
2
11
2
6
21
17
14
2
10 -
5
10
2
19
7
21
10
1
1
5
1
4
d
61
76
83
96
56
65
9
15
65
80
11
11
1
11
12
3
5
3
5
3
5
I
3
5
418
309
495
375
363
309
53
42
416
351
61
17
13
7
74
24
163 106
214
129
113
71
28
13
141
84
42
28
18
60
39
318 288 296
241 172
146
76
61
248 207
28
24
4
10
32
34
250 299 281 338 173 229
51
38 224 267
36
67
4
4
40
71
11
4,772 6,4745,009 6,684 2,9974,246
379
428 3,3764,674
918 1,066
83
93 1,001 1,159
78
38
7
4
-
TES' COURT DURING THE YEARS 1936 AND 1937.
It Defendants under each Head.
ted to prison or 1 pending orders
the Governor.
Bound over without further penalty.
Police Supervision.
Previously convicted.
Bonds enforced.
To keep the peace and be of good behaviour.
To come up for judgment.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
M.
F.
M.
F.
37 1936 1937 1936
1937 1936 1937
1936
1937
1936
1937
1936
1937
1936
1937
1936
1937 1936 1937
1936
1937
1936
1937
| | |
52
2
194
390
18
18
14
11
4
6
1
6
CO
8
1
339 724
1
42
132
1
11
35
13
100
1
1
2
3
18
75
1
4
10
5
1
94
115
25
2
98
105
2
23
3
3
11
1
Co
8
T
4
5
1
106
85
21
16
2
3
117
173
21
1
228
22
32
1
1
7
2
6
10
11
6
25
25
358
565
51
46
། །ནྡྷ
2
11
120
1
131
| | | | | │
10
5
| | | | | | |
16
1
3
3
25
26
23
542
1,194
7
7
53
151
1
=
2.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER
Cases, how dispo
Classification of Offences.
Total No. of Total No. of
charges.
Defts.
Convicted and sentenced.
Disci
M.
F.
Total.
M.
1936 1937
1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936
4,772 6,474 5,009 6,684 2,997 4,246
379
428 3,3764,674
9181,066
83
Brought forward
(d)—Against Public Justice.
1. Escape and breach of prison
2. Returning from banishment
3. Perjury
4. Bribery
5. Other offences
(e) Against the Public peace.
1. Breach of the peace
2. Unlawful possession of arms
3. Other offences
1
1
317
292
317
292
293
265
9
7
302 272
|
།
3
11
3
12
1
10
1
1
11
1
146
291
146
293
111
253
19
28
130
281
7
128
8888888
37
៩៖
94 311
194
45
36
24
43
29
138
87
147
25
24
8
61
126
12
5
6
1
895
50
42
26
61 126
361
2966
13
18
14
15
18
848
1
(f)—Against trade.
1. Unmanifested cargo
2. Stowing away
3. Trade Marks infringement
4. Employers and workmen offences
5. Food and drugs offences
6. Other offences
(g)-Against Public Morals and Police.
1. Begging and touting
2. Brothels and procuration of women
3. Lotteries and gambling
4. Offences against public health
5. Street hawkers offences
6. Obstruction
7. Offences with fire crackers
8. Drunkenness
9. Traffic offences of a technical nature 10. Dangerous driving of vehicles 11. Vagrants
12. Unlicensed and unmuzzled dogs
13. Mui Tsai offences of a technical nature 14. Ill-treatment of Mui Tsai
15. Other offences
Total
6
5
4
5
15
17
26
30
25
29
25
12
8
10
4
2
18
2
18
16
16
25
10
25
10
8
23
8
37
41
39
41
30
35
2
32
36
2922
15125
6223
327 340 327 105 154 448 780 387 680 418 839 421 831 337 655 7,0098,1077,043 8,148 3,919 4,740 3,897 4,840 4,008 4,835 2,666 3,047 9981,465 3,6644,512 250 224
346 253 346 252 289 229
470 677
486
699
203
276
23
34
226
310
55
36
344 248 285
71
49
319
334
32
97 419
777
3
7 340
662
75
168
2,649 3,043 6,568 7,783
287 218 148
76
10
10 299 239
46
13
1
4
6
4
6
3
5
3
5
81 135
3,127 3,407 3,096 3,338 2,901 3,129
134
13
170
154
84
126
80
1
1 127
81
7
3
285
178 275
178
188
122
31
30
219 152
45
23
7
10
10
11
12
3
2
8
11
10
3
2
3
3
3
1
3
1
1,006 1,615 1,025 1,611 730 1,180
104 112
834 1,292 102 275
52
22,721 27,937 23,644 28,886 15,613 19,470 4,362 5,361 19,975 24,831 2,043 2,261
383
18
312,914 3,160
figures included in 6 other offences (1)
- H 11 -
Table IV, Continued.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURT DU
Total No. of Defts.
Convicted and sentenced.
KOWLOON,-Continued.
Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants undı
Discharged.
Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.
Committed to prison or detained pending orders of H.E. the Governor.
To ke
of
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
Total.
M.
F.
M.
F.
1936 1937 1936 1937
5,009 6,684 2,9974,246
1936
379
1937 1936 1937
4283,376 4,674
1936 1937
918 1,066 83
1936
1937 1936 1937
931,001 1,159
1936 1937 1936
1937
1936
1937
1936 1937
1936
78 33
7
117
1
1
1
317
292
293 265
7
302
272
6
3
12
1
10
1
1
11
146
293
111
253
19
28
130
281
7
311
194
45
36
43
29
៩៨
24
༈༙
8
87 147
61 126
7
6
6
14
1
1
11
11
LO ON
5
6
2
1
885
50
42
13
18
1
14
26
9
61
126
15
64
14
3
18
1
15
465
22
17
7
3
18
5
28228
26
30
25
10
18
25
10
23
39
41
30
2288
CCO ZADA
1
29
25
12
16
8
35
2
16
8888888
23
32
36
COCOA BO
4
5
29
8
11
HKHON LO
6223
6
2289?
3
| | | | │
| | |
1 1 1 1 1 1
1 ∞∞N LO
5
486 699 203
276
23
34 226 310
55
36
327 344 248
285
71
49
319 334
3
అణ
6
3
61
39
3
3
6
4
448 780 387 680
32
97 419 777
23
1
* 23
3
421 831 337 655
3
7 340 662
75
168
1
76
169
7,043 8,148 3,919 4,740 2,649 3,043 6,568 7,783 4,0084,8352,666 3,047 998 1,4653,664 4,512
346 252 289 229
287 218
148
134
435
352
250 224
76
99 326
323
10
10 299 239
46
13
47
4
6
3
5
3
5
།།
13
3,096 3,338 2,901 3,129
13
312,9143,160
170
154
1
24
171
178
135
84
126
80
1
1 127
81
7
3
7
3
275 178
188
122
31
30
219
152
45
23
7
52
26
11
12
3
2
8
8
11
10
2
3
3
3
1
3
1
2
7301,180
1,0251,611
23,644 28,886 15,613 19,470 4,362 5,361 19,975 24,831 2,043 2,261
104 112
834 1,292
102 275
52
9 154 284
383
386 2,4262,647
92
55
535
res included in 6 other offences (1)
| | |
| | | | │
187
2
13
9
4
339
COURT DURING THE YEARS 1936 AND 1937.
efendants under each Head.
Bound over without further penalty.
prison or ing orders jovernor.
Police Supervision.
Previously convicted.
Bonds enforced.
To keep the peace and be
of good behaviour.
To come up for judgment.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M..
F.
M.
F.
936
1937
1936
1937 1936 1937
1936
1937
1936
117
173
21
25
358
565
51
46
1937 1936 1937
23
1936
26
1936 1937
542 1,194
1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937
7
7
3833
53
151
1
2
111
110
187
111
*52
1
| | | | | │
24
14
10
19
| |
1
3
10 ma
5
3
10
2
│ | │
3
2
││ | ││
།ཆི། |
197
253
6
1
19
84
1
6
Co
111
1 1 1
| | ! | | |
| | | | | │
18
2
6
170
287
27
39
1
2
2
3
3
1.
1
2
1 X
5
26
3
11
3
13
13
20
18
3
338
320
78
56
618 879 108
94
38
22233
1
22
1
1
67
174
8
20
1
2
111
83
223
8
18
1
1
| | |
| | | | │- │
| ││ │││
8
com
∞
16
3
1
338
63
5
1
8431,754
29
29 157
447
11
25
H 1
Table
Punishments.
HoNG 1
Return of Punishments awarded at Magistracy in respect of Certain ·
Offences against Individuals.
Number of Persons
Punished.
Against their
Description.
Property.
Against their Persons.
M.
F.
M.
#.
M.
F.
1936 1937 1936 1937
1936
1937 1936 1937
1936 1937 1936 1937
19
Fined
Imprisoned in default
Imprisoned without option
Imprisoned and birched
To be sent back to country
Expelled from the Colony
Sentenced to House of Detention
Bound over to be of good behaviour
19,407 19,840 2,638 3,170
32
110
16
32
34
42
2
2 :
4,3644,428
994 761 645 1,744
42
251
30
21
11,
2,131 3,075
37
341,519 2,551
16
8
35
14
3
36
85
36
84
1
T
117
6
21
23
21
24
41
|
685 1,317
140
132
5821,202
108
120
9
13
1
Bound over and fined
Bound over and ordered to pay compensation
22
29
4
-
11
5
1
15
13
3
5
1
11
8
Bound over, ordered to pay co.npensation, and fined
મ
2
6
1
2
6
1
Bound over and imprisoned
18
7
3
1
14
Bound over to keep peace
257 147
34
10
8
95
59
2
Imprisoned until Court rises
209
170 161
69
મ
2
4
Bound over to come up for judgment
Enforcement of bonds
298 151
24 32 201 120
11
23
8
7
(26) (200)
(3) (23) (193)
(3)
Total
*
8 1, 27,496 29,447 4,033 4,215 3,025 5,848 Figures under "Enforcement of bonds" are excluded, as they have already been included in figures u
249 193 439
180
17
- H 12
Table V.
HoNG KONG,
Certain Classes of Offences during the Years 1936 AND 1937 Adults only.
Offences of a Public Nature.
r
Against the Crown
and Government.
F.
M.
F.
Against Public Justice.
Against the
Public Peace.
Against Trade.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
1937 1936 1937 1936 1937
1936
1937 1936 1937
1936 1937 1936 1937
1936 1937
1936 1937
1936
1937
Against Public Morals and Police.
M.
F.
1936 1937
2
370 398
82
58
14
31
23
3
43
85
2
3 18,893 19,168
2,532 3,072
11,0561,036
174
102
3
6
12
10
1
16
12
2,602 1,599
773 406
3
35 118
10
5
13 417
325
5
5
10
5
7
8
or
5
112
55
5
1
2
27
21
2
1
I
44
51
24
10
1
6
1
11
24
1
2
1
16
4
1
3
1
三
(3) (3)
8 1,552 1,631 286 189 425 348
in figures under "Fined" or "Imprisoned".
|-
........
CO
1
|
1
J
|
94
1
2
ap
3
20
38
1
1
3
1
43
43
1
19
3
T
1
2
150
79
30
T
1
C3
1
2
5 218 151
37 12
73
108
3
6
1
1
209
167
161
62
69
16
12
6
(4)
Į
3 21,954 21,181 3,491 3,559
H 13.
Table V,-Co,
Punishments.
KOWLOON.
Return of Punishments awarded at Magistracy in respect of Certain Classe
Offences against Individuals.
Description.
Fined
Imprisoned in default
Imprisoned without option
Imprisoned and birched
Number of Persons Punished.
Against their Property.
Against their Persons.
Aga
an
M.
F
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
1936 1937 1936 1937
10,309 13,139 3,077 4,474
3,704 3,939 1,232 780
1936 1937 1936 1937
1936
1937 1936 1937
1936 1
45
862 1,495
62
25
37
11
28
2
235 6
102
139
10
17
6
645
1,515 2,163
38
581,069 1,586
15
24
21
34
4
8
32
29
91
28 91
1
26
25
26
1
1
Expelled from the Colony
Sentenced to House of Detention
1
Bound over to come up for judgment
618
879
108
94
323
559
32
45
5
4
30
Bound over to be of good behaviour
74
74
153
9
25
5
77
7
9
22
22
1
2
Bound over and fined
27
50
50
4
32
10
18
1
19
10
11
1
1
Bound over and ordered to pay compensation
14
4
10
Bound over, ordered to pay compensation and fined
2
2
1
Bound over and imprisoned
3
82:
1
17
49
12
16
1
1
Bound over to keep peace
264 167 69
31
103
71
20
16
1
Imprisoned until Court rises
Fined and ordered to pay compensation
Enforcement of bonds
}
157
Total
*
447 11
16,742 20,695 4,554 2,515 2,399 3,939
25
51 150
1
2
1
-
2
181
283
181
204
33
40 944 8
*
Figures under "Enforcement of bonds" are excluded, as they have already been inclu
- H 13
—
Table V,-Continued.
KOWLOON.
of Certain Classes of Offences during the Years 1936 AND 1937 Adults only.
Offences of a Public Nature.
.heir
Against the Crown
S.
and Government.
Against Public Justice.
Against the Public Peace.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
Against Trade.
Against Public Morals and Police.
M.
F.
M.
F.
936 1937
1936 1937 1936 1937
1936 1937 1936 1937
1936
1937
1936 1937
1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937
2
6
235 269
92
86
11
14
8
10
24
12
4
1
47
60
2
19,349 12,694 2,858 4,333
4
6 645
540
125
80
66
233
9
19
57
35
1
30
35
1,895 1,584 975 536
4
8
32
.28
2
9
328
281
11
7
44
106
2
3
17 128
4
1
T
I
|
1
I
I
I
35
25
-
23
30
2
19
2
1
18
2
3
10
5
1
215
310
46
48
1
2
3
29
16
3
5
21
35
10
11
1
LO
5
1
11
8
1
1
1
20
20
16
1
1
1
6
1
158
96
49
14
2
—
-
83 223
8
18
1
1
-
40 944 844 238 176 490 529
40
36 337
284
62
26
85
33
already been included in figures under "Fined" or "Imprisoned"
-
-
10
3
20
72
2
5
97
2 11,543 14,798 3,890 4,952
Appendix I.
REPORT OF THE LAND OFFICER AND REGISTRAR
OF MARRIAGES FOR THE YEAR 1937.
PART I.-LAND OFFICE.
REGISTRATION.
1. During the year 3,347 instruments were registered under the provisions of Ordinance No. 1 of 1844,-a decrease of 615 compared with the preceding year.
2. The total number of instruments registered under the provisions of the above mentioned Ordinance (since 1844) to the end of the year 1937 was 156,365.
3. The number of instruments registered each year during the last ten years is shewn in Table I.
4. The total consideration on sales, mortgages, surrenders and miscellaneous land transactions registered in the Land Office amounted to $42,927,837.70, particulars of which are shewn in Table II.
CROWN LEASES.
5. 742 Crown Leases were issued during the year, as against 638 in the previous year-an increase of 104. Particulars are set out in Table III.
6. The number of leases issued each year during the last ten years is shewn in Table I.
FEES.
7. The total amount of fees collected (exclusive of the New Territories) amounted to $96,286.50, being a decrease of $3,280.25 on the preceding year. Table IV shews the Monthly Revenue.
8. Land Registration Fees in the New Territories amounted to $6,030.45, and Crown Lease Fees to $60.00.
I 2
9. The total fees collected during the past ten years is shewn in Table V.
GRANTS OF LAND.
10. The total area of land leased during the year under review was 709 acres 1 rood and 38.4 poles, of which 633 acres, 1 rood and 12.8 poles were dealt with by the District Officers.
11. Particulars of grants, surrenders and resumptions during the year are shewn on pages U 2 and 3 of the Blue Book for 1937.
SURRENDERS.
12. 41 surrenders of land required for public purposes (including surrenders under Contracts of Exchange) were pre- pared and registered in the Land Office.
STAMP DUTIES.
13. Stamp Duties paid on registered documents (exclusive of Probates and Letters of Administration) amounted to $174,650.25 a decrease of $80,172.30.
CROWN RENTS.
14. The number of lots entered on the Hong Kong and Kowloon Crown Rent Roll-as shewn in Table VI-was 11,004 an increase of 458 on the preceding year.
15. The Crown Rents on this Roll amounted to $703,899.90 --an increase on the preceding year of $23,138.38.
16. The number of lots entered on the Village Crown Rent Roll-as shewn in Table VII was 1,955 a decrease
of 5 on the preceding year.
17. The Crown Rents on this Roll amounted to $1,325.80 -a decrease of $7.10 as compared with the preceding year.
18. The total Crown Rents amounted to $705,225.70 an increase of $23,131.28 on the year 1936-mainly due to the re-grant of lots after re-entry.
DOCUMENTS.
19. 1,232 miscellaneous documents were prepared in the Land Office during the year, being an increase of 116 compared with the year 1936; viz:
(a) 742 Crown Leases (with Counterparts).
(b) 333 Memorials for the registration of Undertakings relating to Verandahs and Balconies over Crown Land.
(c) 41 Surrenders of land required for public purposes,
street improvements and private Exchanges.
(d) 54 Agreements for exchanges and surrenders. (e) 52 Memorials of Re-entry.
(f) 10 Deeds of Covenant relating to Scavenging Lane.
¿
I 3
Table I.
NUMBER OF INSTRUMENTS REGISTERED AND CROWN LEASES GRANTED DURING THE YEARS 1928 to 1937.
Year. Instruments registered.
Crown Leases
granted.
1928
4,798
235
1929
4,250
242
1930
5,517
874
1931
6,181
517
1932
6,345
938
1933
5,152
721
1934
4,441
673
1935
4,044
503
1936
3,962
638
1937
3,347
742
Table II.
CONSIDERATION ON INSTRUMENTS REGISTERED IN THE LAND OFFICE DURING THE YEAR 1937.
Description of
Instruments.
Number
No. of Lots or portions
Total
registered. of Lots
Consideration.
affected.
$
¢
Assignments
999
1,196
14,040,092.22
Mortgages and Transfer of
Mortgages
815
1,145
15,763,021.77
Reassignments and Certi-
ficates of Satisfaction
781
969
12,901,678.96
Surrenders
41
65
2,830.65
Judgments and Orders of
Court
55
135
20,339.36
Miscellaneous Documents..
531
1,052
190,874.74
Probates and Letters of
Administration, (Estate
Duties and Interest
$1,313,939.57)
Total
125
316
3,347
4,878 42,927,887.70
•
Marine
- I 4.
Table III.
CROWN LEASES GRANTED DURING THE YEAR 1937.
Hong Kong
Kowloon
New Kowloon
Total
Inland
Permanent Pier
Garden
Rural Building
Shaukiwan Inland
Aberdeen Inland
Kowloon Marine
Kowloon Inland
New Kowloon Inland
New Kowloon Dairy farm
Sheungshui Inland
347
SH
10
1 201 170
Table IV.
1
742
RETURN OF MONTHLY REVENUE PAID IN STAMPS TO THE LAND
OFFICE DURING THE YEAR 1937.
Month.
Registration
Searches, Copy
Crown
Documents,
Lease
Total.
of Deeds.
and Certi-
Fees.
fications.
$
بھر کرو
عزیزم
January
4,345.00
478.00
3,300.00
8,123.00
February
3,929.00
572.00
1,800.00
6,301.00
March
4,260.00
394.25
2,640.00
7,294.25
April
3.961.00
422.00
4,110.00
8.433.00
May
4,050.00
376.00
4.710.00
9,186.00
June
5,093.00
408.00
11,090.00
16,591.00
July
3,625.00
327.00
3,150.00
7,102.00
August
4,128.00
2,699.25
1,980.00
8,807.25
September 3,437.00
1,707.75
1,110.00
6,254.75
October
3,156.00
383.50
810.00
4,849.50
November 3,756.00
458.50
2,540.00
6,754.50
December 4,147.00
413.25
2,520.00
7,080.25
Totals
47,887.00
8,639.50
39,760.00
96,286.50
99,566.75 1936 Total.
96,286.50 1937 Total.
3,280.25
Decrease.
I 5
Table V.
FEES COLLECTED DURING THE YEARS 1928 to 1937.
Searches,
Registration and Copies Grants of
Year.
of Deeds.
of Docu-
Leases.
Total.
ments.
$
$
$
✡
$
1928
72,815.00
6,640.00 6,630.00
86,085.00
1929
63,478.00
5,498.50 7,100.00 76,076.50
1930
84,339.00
7,043.75 25,472.00
116,854.75
1931
94,054.00
7,254.00 | 17,290.00
17,290.00 118,598.00
1932
98,335.00
8,789.25 44,430,00 151,554.25
1933
81,508.00 8,547.25 36,810.00 126,865.25
1934
67.345.00 6,863.25 35.850.00
110,058.25
1935
61,133.00 6,811.50 25,270.00
93,214.50
1936
59,310.00
6,296.75 33,960.00
99,566.75
1937
47,887.00 8,639.50 39,760.00
96,286.50
-I 6.
Table VI.
HONG KONG AND KOWLOON RENT ROLL.
Locality and Description.
No. of Lots.
Total Crown Rent.
Victoria Marine Lot
426
72,654.23
"
Praya Reclamation Marine
Lot
28
858.91
Inland Lot
4,268
234,104.26
Quarry Bay Marine Lot
3
Inland Lot
13
Victoria Farm Lot
Garden Lot
18,946.00 4,024.00 401.55 2,110.00
11
Rural Building Lot
288
53.076.76
Aberdeen Marine Lot
579.16
Inland Lot
Aplichau Marine Lot
Inland Lot
82
1,150.50
20
113.88
44
281.48
17
Shaukiwan Marine Lot
Stanley Inland Lot
10
2,308.00
Inland Lot
Pokfulam Dairy Farm Lot
Kowloon Marine Lot
230
5,105.30
52.00
4
2,712.00
55
50,920.80
Inland Lot
2,921
129,796.72
Garden Lot
1
1.00
95
Hung Hom Marine Lot
3
6,590.00
Inland Lot
Sheko Inland Lot
157
9,256.00
6
33.00
Tai Tam Inland Lot
1
1.00
Tong Po Inland Lot
New Kowloon Marine Lot
1
1.00
3
18,938.00
Inland Lot
2,299
66,348.35
""
Farm Lot
2
36,00
Rural Building Lot
1
42.00
Tai Po Inland Lot
8
702.00
Fan Ling Lot
1,898.00
Sheung Shui Lot
1,304.00
Mining Lot
2,670.00
Tsun Wan Marine Lot
6
12,436.00
Inland Lot
16
2.604.00
وو
New Kowloon Dairy Farm Lot
20
1,134.00
Tsing I Marine Lot
1
76.00
Ping Shan Inland Lot
1
634.00
Total
11,004
$703,899.90
I 7
Table VII.
VILLAGE RENT ROLL.
Locality and Description
No. of Lots.
Total Crown
Rent.
Aberdeen
15
43.50
Pokfulam
24
28.25
Tai Hang
156
632.50
Ah Kung Ngam
25
18.25
Shaukiwan
27
15.00
Hau Pui Loong
12
44.00
Wong Tsuk Hang
2
34.50
Tai Hang Stream
14
57.00
Tong Po
1
2.50
Tytam Tuk
3
2.50
Chung Hom Bay
1
.50
Chinese Joss House Boron Road
Victoria
1
3.00
Telegraph Bay
12
33.50
Little Hong Kong
175
68.60
Shek O
Hok Tsui
Chai Wan
Stanley
326
74.00
123
26.80
723
125.80
315
115.60
Total
1,955
$1,325.80
- I 8
PART II.-MARRIAGE REGISTRY.
MARRIAGES.
The number of Marriages celebrated in the Colony during the year was 421, (of which 236 were between Chinese persons) as compared with 375 (and 219) respectively in 1936-an increase of 46. Particulars are given in Table I infra.
FEES.
2. The total amount of Fees received under the second schedule of the Marriage Ordinance 1875, was $3,226.16 as compared with $3,168.00 in 1936—an increase of $118.16. Particulars are shewn in Table II. The increase is mainly accounted for by the greater number of marriages solemnized at the Office of the Registrar.
3. The number of Marriages solemnized and the total amount of fees collected each year during the past ten years are shewn in Table III.
Table I.
(1) Marriages by SPECIAL LICENCE, 14.
(a) At Licensed Places of
Public Worship.
3.
(b) At the Office of the Registrar of Marriages.
11.
(2) Marriages by REGISTRAR'S CERTIFICATE, 405.
(a) At Licensed Places of
Public Worship.
221.
(b) At the Office of the Registrar of Marriages.
184.
(3) Marriages in ARTICULO MORTIS, 2.
(Ordinance No. 3 of 1893 Section 2.)
At No. 33, Fuk Wa Street, ground floor, Shamshuipo, 1.
At No. 238, Nathan Road, Kowloon, 1.
I 9
Table II.
FEES RECEIVED DURING 1937.
418 Certificates of Notice
11 Searches
(Registrar's Certificates)
75 Certified Copies
1
"
Copy
12 Licences to Registrar of Marriages to issue his Certificates under
Section 9 of Ordinance No. 7 of 1875
1 Licence to R. of M. to issue his Certificate under Section 6 of Foreign Marriage Ord. 1903
14 Special Licences
195 Marriages at the Office of the
Registrar
1 Miscellaneous
Total
Total
Fee.
Fees
$
$1.00
418.00
$1.00
11.00
$1.00
75.00
$1.37*
1.37
@ $10.00
120.00
@ $10.00
10.00
(@)
$50.00
700.00
$10.00
1,950.00
$0.79
0.79
* Excess receipt over statutory fee due to exchange.
Table III.
Year.
No. of Marriages
solemnized.
$3,286.16
Total amount of Fees collected.
$ ¢
1928
236
2.558.00
1929
225
2,440.75
1930
187
2,059.00
1931
228
2,705.00
1932
265
3.198.97
1933
283
2.440.00
1934
325
3.327.90
1935
368
3,197.00
1936
375
3,168.00
1937
421
3,286.16
-I 10
PART III-GENERAL.
STAFF.
Mr. W. J. Lockhart-Smith was on leave during the whole year. Mr. N. B. M. Whitley was on leave from 6th March, 1937 to 8th December, 1937. He was transferred to the Colonial Secretary's Office on his return from leave on 9th December, 1937. Mr. John Whyatt acted as Assistant Land Officer and Deputy Registrar of Marriages from 18th March, 1937 to 25th June, 1937, Mr. W. Aneurin Jones acted as Assistant Land Officer and Deputy Registrar of Marriages from 26th May, 1937 to 31st December, 1937.
14th March, 1938.
T. S. WHYTE-SMITH,
Land Officer and
Registrar of Marriages.
Appendix J.
REPORT ON THE NEW TERRITORIES FOR
THE YEAR 1937.
A.-NORTHERN DISTRICT.
EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE.
1. Appendices I and II show some comparative details of the expenditure and revenue from the District in 1936 and 1937. The drop in expenditure on "Local Public Works" was not due to a decrease in the demand. On the contrary, the devastation wrought by the great typhoon of September the 2nd caused requests for assistance far in excess of the sum allotted for the year, $1,500. Unfortunately none of the works of repair was complete before the end of the year, so that the vote lapsed. The decrease in expenditure on "Transport" was due to a change in accounting for the cost of railway travel by officers of the Department on duty, whereby the Railway, not the Department, bore this cost.
2. The decrease in revenue of over $5,000, as compared with 1936, was chiefly due to a drop in "Land Sales", which were lower than in any year since 1927. This is attributed partly to tightness in the money market owing to feelings of insecurity generated by present troubles in the Far East, and partly to the fact that nearly all the flat Crown Land in the District has now been sold, so that what remains needs more than ordinary capital to develop, as orchards or building sites.
The slight decrease in the Crown Rent collected is explained chiefly by loss of rent in respect of the land resumed for the Pat Heung Aerodrome and the road leading to it. In spite of a slight decrease in the number of "Chinese Wine and Spirit Licences", there was an increase in the revenue under this head, due to a discovery by the District Officer that the Restaurants had been paying $25 too little each. Building development at Tai Po and Yuen Long accounts for the increase in the Rates collected, and an increase of nearly 200 in the number of persons summarily convicted by the Magistrate accounts for the increase in the "Fines" paid. If the typhoon had not necessitated the grant of many free "Permits to cut earth, etc.' a greater improvement would have been shown under this head.
-J2-
Estate Duty, on estates valued at over $2,000, was collected in the New Territories for the first time, and yielded over $650 on estates wholly within the District, in addition to duty collected on estates composed only partly of property within the District. This figure does not appear in Appendix II, as the duty is paid into the Treasury.
MAGISTRACY.
3. Appendices IV to VIII show details of the cases; both criminal and civil, heard by the District Officer sitting as magistrate during the year.
The previous record for the number of cases heard was again broken by an increase of over 10% Offences of smug- gling dutiable spirit and tobacco, and opium and heroin, were again most numerous, amounting to over a quarter of the total. Defendants who admit the charge of possession of dutiable spirits or tobacco nearly always give as their excuse that they bought it for their own consumption, and the plea that the spirit was bought for a sick cow is sometimes advanced. The smugglers seem to trust largely to luck, as they not uncommonly carry nothing but dutiable goods, though a covering of vegetables or cloth is most usual. Several illicit stills were discovered and broken up, but distilling undoubtedly continues in inaccessible parts of the country. Most of the drug divans prosecuted were in Yuen Long.
There was a big increase in the number of offences against property, chiefly in the form of larcenies, committed mostly by destitute vagrants from China, or casual labourers dismissed from mines or other big undertakings. Chickens and ducks were the most common subjects of larceny, several of the thieves making a practice of catching chickens with a little grain as bait, and a sack. The articles stolen were nearly always sold, not consumed, by the thief. Detectives made some smart arrests in these cases, livestock occasionally being returned to the owners before they had missed it.
There was a slight decrease in the number of offences against the Vehicles and Traffic Regulations, including a marked decrease in the number of convictions for dangerous driving. The increased volume of traffic consequent on the opening of the new road into China is however expected to cause an increase in the number of prosecutions under these Regulations.
Omissions to licence or muzzle dogs were much less common than in 1936, but at least one case of rabies was discovered.
J 3
There was the usual crop of assaults- -a courtfull of band. aged heads and righteously indignant voices. The causes were usually trivial-a gambling debt of a few cents, a pail of water more or less accidentally knocked over, a woman's quarrel. In one case an infuriated father, using formidable fighting irons, set about his spendthrift hefty son, who asked for a large loan to go and enlist for a soldier. A potentially murderous quarrel over water rights between two villages was luckily nipped in the bud. By prearrangement the men of both villages met after breakfast in the nearest market town, on market day, to have it out with carrying poles. The police arrived in sufficient forcé to separate the contestants before much blood had been shed. Three men from each village were promptly (comparatively) heavily fined, the Elders lectured, the site of the dam in question visited, and the dispute (which was of at least 10 years' standing) settled, for the time being.
Towards the end of the year a civil-and-military forage contractor was the victim of several cases of arson by setting fire to his rice-straw stacks in various parts of the district. Steps taken by the Police, the contractor, and the District Officer were however successful in stopping what threatened to become a general practice, though only one of the culprits was caught.
4. In 41 cases the accused were committed for trial to the Supreme Court, as against 22 in 1936. These comprised 16 cases of robbery, 9 of coinage offences, 7 of homicide, 5 of possession of arms, 3 of returning from banishment, and 1 of throwing corrosive fluid.
In one ease a man of 44 was attacked in an isolated spot, and robbed of $65, by two companions who were ostensibly taking him to Sai Kung to buy wolfram. They left him for dead in a little cave; but he recovered, and managed to get to Sha T'in Police Station, several miles away, and make a report sufficiently coherent to lead to the early arrest of the culprits in Kowloon. At the Criminal Sessions each was sentenced to 5 years hard labour.
The acid above-mentioned was thrown at a waitress, a town girl, at Yuen Long by one of a group of men who resented her having, on a previous occassion, scolded them for drinking more tea than they had paid for. Luckily she escaped permanent disfigurement.
Of the homicides one was a case in which an old woman was strangled by her adopted son and a woman accomplice. In another case a foki of a large isolated trading depot on Deep Bay, suspecting (wrongly, it turned out) that a boat approaching on a stormy night contained robbers, fired several shots at it with a shot gun, killing one man. The depot had been success- fully robbed on previous occasions. The foki was sentenced at the Criminal Sessions to 7 years hard labour, for manslaughter, and the depot lost its arms licence.
J 4
5. There were 58 cases of deaths in unusual circumstances reported to the Police Magistrate as coroner during the year, and 11 Death Inquiries were held, 8 with Jury and 3 without, as against 3 in 1936.
One of these Inquiries revealed the typical courage of the local people in pursuing a course which they consider to be just. 5 well-armed robbers overpowered the occupants of two small fishing boats. As they were rowing off with their booty, their victims, although outnumbered by 5 to 3, counter-attacked with a stick of dynamite. In the subsequent mêlée the robbers' boat was upset, and 3 of them were killed with fish-spears and wooden rowlocks, while one of the fishermen was fatally shot. One of these fishermen had previously lost a hand in an accident with dynamite.
In 2 cases chicken thieves from over the border in the middle of the night were pursued by villagers and assaulted so severely that they died within a few hours. In each case the jury's verdict was: justifiable homicide.
A village bully who had done little honest work in years was set upon as he was returning from a midnight raid on oyster-beds, and fatally wounded. The jury's verdict was "killed by a person or persons unknown, in circumstances "amounting to murder or manslaughter.'
""
An Indian Policeman on midnight patrol with two of his fellows in summer suddenly shot one of them and fired several more shots wildly before shooting himself.
A boatman at Tai Po was electrocuted when his mast came into contact with the power line across the water. The jury's verdict was: misadventure. The China Light and Power Company lost no time in raising the line to a perfectly safe height.
Two women hung themselves in their homes: one old, who did it in a fit of temper, and the other young, owing to depression at her failure to bring up two sons whom she had borne, and to her physical inability to do the hard work expected of her. In both cases the verdict was: suicide.
Another old woman died of natural causes, but an inquiry had to be held, as villagers accused her adopted son, a half-bred negro, and his wife of poisoning her.
Inquiries were held into 2 fatal accidents on the highway, and in each case the jury's verdict was: misadventure.
6. There was a further decrease in the number of Small Debts cases, but 21 distress warrants were issued, as against 19 in 1936.
}
J 5
7. 7 cases of fire were reported by the Police to the Magistrate, of which 2 were in Yuen Long, 2 in Tai Po Market, 1 in Ping Shan, 1 in Sheung Shui and 1 in Lok Ma Chow. In 3 of these cases the property concerned was insured. In no case was foul play suspected.
LAND AND AGRICULTURE.
8. Statistics regarding the sale, etc., of Crown Land are shown in Appendix IX.
The marked decrease in the sale of Crown Land for agricul- ture or building has been mentioned under "Expenditure and Revenue" above. The comparatively modern demand to buy land to plant orchards was maintained, though it was not so strong as in 1936. New
New "village-type" houses go up steadily here and there, often with emigrants' money. The number of mnatshed permits, 1175, was the highest ever issued. There is a strong demand from immigrant Hakka from Waichow for permission to put up matsheds in the western half of the District, in areas near the main road, for making bean-curd. Each demand is investigated by the Police, as matshed dwellers show a greater tendency to crime than the regular inhabitants.
There was a diminution in the number of registered memorials of mortgages, conveyances, etc., and in the fees paid therefor.
The value of land increased. So did the number of concrete-post-and-barbed-wire fences, to which deprecatory re- ference was made in the report for 1936.
Appendix X shows the allocation of funds to assist public works undertaken by the people themselves. The reason for the large unexpended balance is given under "Expenditure and Revenue" above. Chik Kang is at the head of Long Harbour, and Tai Long is on Fung Bay.
Owing to insufficient rain in the early stages the first crop
of rice was poor. But the second was admittedly good. Rice prices, partly due to the shortage in Canton, were satisfactory, averaging about $6 a picul. Lichees were scarce owing to high winds occurring when they were in flower, but prices were good. Winter fruit of course suffered severely from the typhoon. Pineapples suffered from the
occurrence of cold weather comparatively late in the year. Prices were normal. Every winter sees more land planted with vegetables. These did well, and prices were satisfactory, the market for tomatoes. especially, being less disappointing than in 1936. Wheat and barley were grown on an experimental scale.
J 6
―
The end of the year saw the Agricultural Association's new building, presented by Mr. J. E. Joseph, nearly completed, and planting started in the surrounding experimental garden. The Tai Po Rural Orphanage for girls was finished and occupied, and huts built for boys nearby.
The fine wide road from Au T'au Police Station through Kam T'in to the Pat Heung Aerodrome was completed, and 'buses run to Kam T'in. Much progress was made with the widening and surfacing of the existing Frontier Road, as far as San Uk Ling, and with the construction of a new branch road thence to the frontier at Man Kam To. This road already carries much traffic. A good start was made with the very welcome widening of the road and bridges between Fan Ling and Tai Po, and with the construction of new bridges on the main road near So Kun Wat and Tai Lam Ch'ung. Progress was made in the elimination of one of the hair-pin bends near the Kowloon reservoir.
The new Police Sub-Station at Ta Ku Ling, on the Frontier Road, was completed. It houses two European officers, and has involved an increase in the establishment in this District.
After long delay the cinema theatre at Tai Po Market was finished the first permanent theatre in the District. But films are not proving very popular, and actors of flesh and blood will probably prevail. The best seats cost 20 cents.
The Christian Brothers completed their fine large building on the lower slopes of Castle Peak. The site commands excep- tionally beautiful views, both intimate and distant, and it would not be surprising to find their enterprising example followed by others.
The Tai Po Government School moved to breezier and more spacious rented quarters in a new block of flats near the China Light and Power Company's reclamation at Tai Po Market.
The telephone and power companies added several short extensions to their lines, following normal building development. In addition the China Light and Power Company ran a power line, accompanied by a telephone, to the mine at Lin Ma Hang, and the Hong Kong Telephone Company connected the Pat Heung Aerodrome with their system, via Fan Ling.
The big farms, producing for the Hong Kong and Kowloon market, are believed to have had a satisfactory year, apart from
damage wrought by the typhoon.
J 7
THE TYPHOON.
9. The typhoon of September the 2nd will long be remembered in the eastern part of this District, where it caused much damage and suffering.
Throughout the District matsheds, and houses in a poor state of repair, together with hundreds of trees, were laid low. Orchards suffered severely, as did telephone and power lines, and buildings generally were damaged.
The damage done by wind alone was not, however, so extra- ordinary as to make this typhoon memorable here. Unfortuna- tely the height of the gale coincided with a very high tide, so that the swollen waters of Mirs Bay were driven with double force westward up those narrow arms of the sea, Starling Inlet, Tolo Harbour, and Tide Cove, whence they had no outlet. The sea rose, about 2-5 a.m., in places 20 and more feet higher than it had been known to rise for many decades. The resultant damage was astonishing. All along the coast from the head of Tide Cove to Tai Po Market, and round the head of Tolo Harbour to Plover Cove, and all round the shores of Starling Inlet, railway embankment, roads, bridges, paths, piers, and bunds were breached and broken up, and buildings overthrown. At Tai Po Old Market most of the houses, over sixty of them, were swept down by a flood which rolled on as far as the doorsteps of Tai Po T'au, over half a mile inland, carrying bat- tered human beings, cattle, pigs, dogs, ducks, chickens, and debris with it. The remaining buildings were all badly damaged. In Plover Cove, Shuen Wan and the surrounding hamlets suffered similarly, the great bund-path there being almost wholly overthrown, and the flood moving on with weight sufficient to crush most of the houses even at Shan Ha Wai, nearly half a mile inland. All the big bunds on Starling Inlet suffered similarly, and the sea's incursions there were just as deep, demolishing over thirty houses, and damaging many others.
Even if the flood had risen in daylight there must have been casualties, as it rose swiftly, and was aggravated by a raging sea and tearing wind. Coming as it did in the middle of the night, casualties were heavy: over 300 in the whole District, including about 170 at Tai Po and about 100 at Sha T'au Kok.
Of the boats belonging to the boat-people about an eighth were lost, and many more badly damaged. Probably half their gear was lost, and none of it remained undamaged. An even greater proportion of the boats belonging to farmer-fishermen, living ashore, were lost.
J 8
For a few days parts of the District were without light or water, and communications of every kind were seriously inter- rupted. It happened, too, that the Land Bailiff, Tai Po, and the Officer in Charge, Tai Po Police Station, were unavoidably absent in hospital.
The road between Kowloon and Yuen Long was cleared of obstructions by noon next day-a fine achievement on the part of the Roads Sub-Department, Public Works Department.
Energetically and enterprisingly led by the Assistant Superintendent, well supported by the Divisional Inspector and the scavenging contractor, the Police of all ranks and conting- ents did excellent work at Tai Po in getting the dead buried, animal corpses burned, and obstructions cleared. In this work they had the most welcome assistance of a Sanitary Inspector and squad of about ten Sanitary Department coolies, sent out by the Chairman of the Urban Council. At Sha T'au Kok the Officer in Charge of the Police Station displayed initiative in doing the same kind of work, and in arranging for a supply of rice and peanut oil from Kowloon which broke a ring at Sha T'au Kok Market who had greatly raised the price of these two commodities.
H.E. the Officer Administering the Government visited Tai Po by car, via Castle Peak, on the evening of the 4th of September.
As usual, the China Light and Power Company lost no time in repairing the power lines, and the Water-works Sub-Depart- ment, Public Works Department, were equally prompt in restor- ing water to Tai Po.
Just as a shortage of rice at Tai Po Market threatened, lorries started to trickle through, from Kowloon. Full road traffic was not possible until the 8th of September, and the railway was out of commission until the 13th.
The Government Dispensary and Maternity Hospital at Tai Po was uninhabitable for over a month, during which time out-patients were treated in a temporary dispensary, while maternity cases were visited in their own homes.
*
Villagers rendered homeless got shelter and food from relatives or neighbours. General permission for the erection of matsheds without formality of any kind was given. The survivors from Tai Po Old Market were nearly all mere tenants of the houses there, coming originally from China, whither many of them soon returned. The remainder lived on friends made in the course of their residence locally, were sheltered by the Heung Yi Kuk in schools, or, in the last resort, begged. The boat-people fell back on the fish-dealers, and the Heung Yi Kuk, but their women and children begged for food at meal times, a sad plight for such sturdily independent people.
J 9
There was
never any threat of public disturbance, and, after the first hours of despair, the marvellous recuperative power of the Chinese began to appear. The spirit of the boat people, especially, was wonderful; the survivors seemed thank- ful for their escape, complained but little, and began to set about repairs.
For this, lack of materials, tools, and every form of capital, was an obvious handicap. The boat-building and repairing sheds at Tai Po, Shuen Wan, and Sha T'au Kok had entirely disappeared, with heavy loss of life. Extraordinary help was obviously necessary, so the District Officer let it be generally known that he would register applications for monetary assis- tance, at the same time hinting that small loans only, intended to help overcome immediate difficulties, would be granted. A great press of applicants of course followed, whose applications were registered in the form in Appendix XI. Great care was taken in this registration. Every application in the Tai Po area was investigated by the District Officer. In the Sha T'au Kok and Sha Tin areas applications were noted by the Officers in Charge of the Police Stations, and forwarded to the District Officer, who checked them as best he could.
On the 8th of September an advance of $1,000 was obtained from Government, and by the 11th $1,300 had been distributed in the form of cash grants amounting to $140, and loans amounting to $1,160, divided among 53 families, comprising 340 persons. The cash grants were small, and were given chiefly to refugees from Tai Po Old Market to enable them to return to their original homes in China. The loans involved repayment by small instalments, over a period of twenty months, starting on the 15th of the third moon this year. Each recipient signed a receipt. In assessing each family's award, stress was laid not so much on the losses suffered as on the number of persons left to support, and the means left to support them. Special encouragement was given to the boat builders at Tai Po and Sha T'au Kok to start all over again.
In the meantime Mr. W. T. Stanton, a resident in this District, had generously started a fund (see Appendix XII) for the relief of the distressed in the Tai Po and Sha T'au Kok areas, and Government had consented to allow the District Officer to administer it. The fund was generously supported, almost exclusively by Europeans, and closed on the 12th of November at $2,004.63.
Registration of applications continued until the 18th of October, when the number of families still to be assisted stood at 253, comprising 1,367 persons, and the further awards recommended at $3,735.50. The balance required was con-
J 10
sidered with the vote for the whole of the Colony, which was only recently approved. At the same time Government decided that there were to be no loans, only cash grants. When all has been paid out the sum of $5,035.50 will have been divided among 306 families, of 1,367 persons, the largest family being 40 strong, and the smallest 1: the largest grant $100, and the smallest $2.
To assist the people to repair their bunds, paths and other communal works, the Government contributed $2,000, and approved the grant of free permits for sand, stone, and earth, the equivalent of about $600 revenue. Not all the repairs are yet completed.
The gentry of Tai Po contributed $265 for burial expenses of the victims at Tai Po.
The Botanical and Forestry Department did their best to collect all wild wood, the property of the Government, blown down, but permission was in many cases given to villages to clear away fallen wood and use it for their own consumption, and much was inevitably stolen. This unfortunately led to a habit of wood-stealing, encouraged later in the year by high prices following the interruption of the supply from Kwangsi and Kwangtung.
MINING.
10. The output of iron and of wolfram from The New Territories Mining Company's mine at Ma On Shan was greater than in 1936.
Great progress was made by Hong Kong Mines, Limited, with their mine at Lin Ma Hang, where many buildings have been put up,
and modern machinery installed. Fourteen Europeans and a Chinese doctor are permanently employed there, together with nine Indian watchmen (Government men) and about 450 Chinese skilled and unskilled workers. Many of these are Shantung men, and there is a sprinkling of workmen from Kwangsi. The miners suffered severely from malaria, which caused some deaths. There were some Police Court cases of larceny or assault, and a few small disputes over wages.
The Company started to improve the surface of the Frontier Road between San Uk Ling, where it diverges to the new bridge over the frontier, and the Mine.
11. The Governor in Council made Regulations for the protection of the health of labourers employed in the New Territories, by which what are commonly called "coolie lines" are brought under the control of the Director of Medical Services.
J 11
GENERAL
12. Fish sold better than in the two previous years, and the dealers were further encouraged by a reduction in the duty on dried fish entering China. The oyster business also showed an improvement.
13. The rainfall at Tai Po was nearly 93 inches, as against an average for the last ten years of 84 inches. August accounted for nearly 25 inches. At Fanling Golf Club only 70 inches fell. Next year statistics for the rainfall at Ping Shan Police Station will be available. The rainfall there is believed to be con- siderably less than at Tai Po, and probably less than at the Golf Club, Fanling.
14. The health of the inhabitants was on the whole good, not being seriously affected by any epidemic outbreak of disease. The Police suffered more from malaria than in 1936. There was a slight decrease in the number of registered births, but an increase in the number of registered deaths, not wholly accounted for by the death-roll of the typhoon.
15. The influx of refugees due to abnormal conditions in China was not such as to cause a "problem", and rents did not rise as much as in Kowloon or Hong Kong.
16. Local unemployment was slightly relieved by the op- portunities offered by the Lin Ma Hang Mine and by expansion of the establishment of Chinese in the Royal Engineers, and the enlistment of Chinese in the Royal Artillery.
The large body of unemployed seamen continued their attempts, corporate and individual, to get jobs in ocean-going ships, without much success. A man will spend a surprisingly large sum to get one of these jobs.
17. The Coronation was widely celebrated, with great joy. For several nights Tai Po and Yuen Long Markets were brilliantly lit, and thousands of people came to enjoy themselves in these important centres. The China Light and Power Com- pany were especially congratulated on the effects achieved in Yuen Long by lighting the trees. Tai Po, Yuen Long, and Sai Kung, where the Officer in Charge of the Police Station showed much enterprise in making the most of the materials entrusted to him including, it is understood, liberal use of every form of alarm signal, all had firework displays, but the theatres at Tai Po and Yuen Long were the greatest attraction. The theatre matshed at Tai Po was said to be the tallest ever put up in the New Territories, and was extraordinarily beautiful in shape. Many of the smaller places were brightly lit, including Shan Ha Wai, at Sha T'in, the Land Offices at Tai Po and Ping Shan, and Sha T'au Kok, Shek Wu Hui, Kam T'in, Ha Tsuen, and Castle Peak. Strafford House, Tai Po, was most properly flood-lit.
J 12
18. Twenty-six boats took part in the dragon boat processions in the Yuen Long area.
19. The District Officer, as "father and mother of the people", dealt with 48 disputes concerning women and children, and 19 miscellaneous disputes. In most of these, as indeed. in all matters in connection with which their help was sought, the Elders of the Heung Yi Kuk and the Hop Yik Company gave as always their wise and willing assistance.
14th Appril, 1938.
J. BARROW,
District Officer, Northern District.
J 13
Appendix I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE BY THE DISTRICT
OFFICE IN 1936 AND 1937.
1936
1937
Personal Emoluments*
$69,959.25
$69,692.85
Other Charges
Conveyance Allowances
1,569.51
1,769.51
Electric Light and Fans
141.00
170.41
Incidental Expenses
495.37
437.69
Local Public Works
1,185.00
490.00
Transport
903.16
377.06
Scavenging
1,735.72
1,729.02
Uniform
267.17
245.65
Upkeep of Grounds of Island House...
242.01
195.00
Special Expenditure
Maps
214.20
nil
Total other charges
$6,538.94
$ 6,414.34
Total special expenditure
214.20
nil
Total department
$76,498.19
$76,107.19
*Includes officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services attached
to the Department.
J 14.
Appendix II.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE COLLECTED BY THE DISTRICT OFFICER IN 1936 AND 1937.
1936
1937
Crown Rent (Leased Lands).
$ 97,758.98 $ 94,931.99
Kerosene Oil Licences
2,222.09
2,130.00
Chinese Wine and Spirit Licences
1,481.25
1,806.25
Pawnbroker's Licences
Motor Spirit Licences.
Money-Changers' Licences
1,500.00
1,250.00
5.00
300.00
250.00
Assessed Taxes (Rates) N.T. North Fines
6,859.65
4,009.70
Fines (Building Conv.)
· 180.20
Fines Reward Fund
815.00
7,738.71 5,744.99 337.06 1,840.40
Forfeitures
318.00
:.
709.00
Forfeitures (Land Sales)
190.00
164.00
Distress Warrant (Crown Rent &
Small Debt's Court)
237.00
243.00
Other Miscellaneous Receipts.
16.00
8.00
Forestry Licences
7,198.43
7,675.58
Permit to cut earth, etc.
2,725.26
3.649.65
Grave Certificates
8.75
7.00
Pineapple Land Leases
.534.79
519.66
Matshed Permits
4,971.60
5,370.40
Permit to occupy land
2,986.99
3,129.30
Stone Quarry Permits
1,588.00
1,404.00
Ferry Licences
6.00
6.00
Certified Extracts
200.00
182.00
Sunprints
140.00
70.00
Land Sales
16,274.90
8,774.27
Stamps for Deeds
4,614.20
4,374.00
Boundary Stones
210.00
Piers
60.00
95.51
Crown Leases
90.00
30.00
Tobacco Retailer Licences
1,255.00
1,065.00
Court Fees or Miscellaneous Fees
4.80
5.70
Arms Fines
290.00
245.00
Legal Cost
7.00
32.10
Poor Box
22.16
95.91
Overpayment in Previous Year
Mining Royalties
Official Signature
3.00
Total
$159,080.75 $153,887.48
Note:
1937
Mining Licences
nil
Prospecting Licences
Mining Royalties
$3,425.70
nil were paid in
Hong Kong.
Crown Rent
4,768.00
$8,193.70
J 15
Appendix III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE
FOR THE LAST TEN YEARS.
Year.
Personal* Emoluments
Special
Total
and other Charges.
Expenditure. Expenditure.
Total Revenue.
1928
46,339.30
150.80
46,490.10
117,383.48
1929
46,371.85
46,371.85
120,580.97
1930
61,273.56
61,273.56
146,300.10
1931
61,241.64
61,241.64
165,014.61
1932
61,663.99
61,663.99
179,033.92
1933
67,216.42
67,216.42
195,021.92
1934
67,365.49
67.365.49
169,816.21
1935
60,061.01
60,061.01
151,919.41
1936
76,493.19
214.20A
76,712.39
159,080.75
1937
76,107.19
76,107.19
153,887.48
*Includes Officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services attached to
the Department.
Note. Only money expended or collected by the District Office is
included in the above table and no account is taken of revenu collected by other departments or expenditure by them, or expenditure on Public Works, Police, Medical, Educational and other services.
AFor Maps.
Total No.
Classification of Offences.
Total No.
of
Charges.
Convicted
of
Defend-
and Discharged.
Appendix IV.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS AT TAI PO AND PING SHAN DURING THE YEAR 1937.
at the
Bound over without further Penalty.
Committed
for trial
Sentenced.
ants.
Supreme
Court.
To keep the peace and be of good behaviour.
Convicted
and
Cautioned.
Police
Supervi-
Previously Convicted.
sion.
OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.
M. F. M. F. M. F.
M.
F.
M. F.
M.
တ
228
9
260
197
34
1
9
9
11
20
21
2
61
M. F.
62
1
16
911
15-11
1|728
50 16 71
(a) Against their Property.
1. Larceny (simple)
Stealing from the person Embezzlement
conversion
Robbery
and Fraudulent
Burglary and Housebreaking
Demanding with menaces
False pretences and cheating
18∞ ∞ O
21
Receiving and possession of stolen
goods
126
148
Arson
1
3. Malicious damage
3
4
4
18
21
11
462
11
1243
487
585
322
29
88
5. Other offences
(b) Against their persons.
1. Homicide
2. Ill-treatment & grievous harm Common assault
43
6. Other offences
18
571200
60
25
TOOK
7
22
8
Oarried forward
} │ │
1
1
| | | |
| | | ~ || |
| | | |
|00| |
0.110
Pal
1
21
~111
5
2
1
133
7 22
2 57
1122
0110
1
9
- J 16-
ابراا
78
1
Appendix IV,-Continued.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER CognisanCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS AT TAI PO AND PING SHAN DURING THE YEAR 1937.
Total No.
Classification of Offences.
Total No.
of
of
Defend-
Charges.
Convicted
and
Sentenced.
Committed
for trial
Discharged.
at the
ants.
Supreme
Court.
Bound over without further Penalty.
To keep the peace and be of good behaviour.
Convicted
and
Cautioned.
Police
Supervi-
Previously Convicted.
sion.
M. F. M.
F. M.
F.
M.
F.
M. F. M.. F.
M.
F.
Brought forward
487
585
322
29
133
22282
2
57
11222
1
1
78
I
OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.
(c) Against the Crown & Government.
|
52
21
2
1. Currency offences
11
11
1
❤
4. Trespass and damages on Crown Land
6. Misconduct by Govt. officers
7. Opium and Revenue offences
461
8. Dangerous drug and goods
9. Other offences
22222
14
8
5
1
LO
1
1
1
496
335
116
30
35
39
28
1
9
1
ایا
1
1
11
26
29
24
1
2
ľ
(d) Against Public Justice.
1. Escape and breach of Prison
2. Returning from banishment
77
4. Bribery
5. Other offences
HETO
1
1
77
4
4
9
9
1826
31
כא
כא
2
Carried forward
1,119
1,266
795
156
180
11
34
2
73
133
13
2
11
I
J 17 -
1
68
3
2
205
242
:
Appendix IV,-Concluded.
ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS AT TAI PO AND PING SHAN DURING THE YEAR 1937.
Classification of Offences.
Total No.
of
Charges.
Total No.
of
Defend-
Convicted
and
Sentenced.
Committed
for trial
Discharged.
at the
ants.
Supreme
Court.
Bound over without further Penalty.
To keep the
peace and be of good behaviour.
Convicted
and
Cautioned.
Police
Supervi-
Previously Convicted.
sion.
M. F. M. F. M. F.
M.
F.
M. F.
M. F.
M.
F.
Brought forward
OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.-Contd.
1,119.
1,266 795 156 180
11 34
2
723
13
الله
2
11
205 24
(e) Against the Public Peace.
1. Breach of the peace
28
90
2. Unlawful possession of arms
11
16
3. Other offences
8
9
200
800
24
co
6
00 LO NO
(f) Against trade.
(g) Against Public Morals and Police.|
3. Lotteries and gambling
47
274 238
4. Offences against public health
8
5. Street hawkers offences...
59
6. Obstruction
7. Offences with fire crackers
2
9. Traffic offences of a technical nature
366
10. Dangerous driving of vehicles
2
12. Unlicensed or unmuzzled Dogs
106
106
13. Other offences
125
127
នីទីសទី២ ១ ២
5
59
HO
LO
31
1
2
2
367
330
24
2
2
92
5
102
13
6
Total
N
5
མ་
333
39
1,881
2,334
1,661
190
266
13
I│
38
8888
2
115
10
1
13
15
25
23
22
22
1
1
1
1122
כא
3
| │ ││
74
24
287
24
J 18-
Appendix V.
TAI PO and PING SHAN, New Territories.
Return of Punishments awarded in respect of Certain Classes of Offences during the Year 1937.
Punishments.
Description.
J 19
Offences against Individuals.
Offences of a Public Nature
Number of
Persons
Punished.
Against their Against their Property.
Against the
Against
Crown and
Person.
Government.
Public
Justice.
Against the Against
Public Peace.
PublicMorals
Other
Offences.
and Police.
889 829 as
4 225
M.
M.
F.
M.
958
59
16
20
582
11
119
སྙ
M.
M.
F.
M. F.
M. F.
M.
F.
124 236 17
∞ 1 ∞
40
30
1
352
108
22
1
21
6
286
100
5
1
2
71
245
8 709
13
11
19
8823
13
115
21
།
✔
1 1
14
2
15
2
1
14
44
2
1
כא
1
11
2
2
2
13
22
11
6
1
23
8
3
כא
2
1
I
Ad
1
Fines
Imprisoned in default
Imprisoned without option... Bound over to be of good behaviour
Convicted and cautioned Bound over and fined Bound over, ordered to pay
compensation and fined.... Bound over to keep peace.... Bound over and ordered to pay compensation
Total
1,793 215
323
26
53
14
410
124
78
4 74 18 746 15
109
14
Appendix VI.
ABSTRACT of CASES brought under COGNIZANCE of the POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS at TAI PO and PING SHAN during a period of Five Years.
CASES, HOW disposed of, and the NUMBER OF MALE AND FEMALE PRISONERS UNDER EACH HEAD.
Years.
Total
Number
of Cases.
Committed for
Convicted and
Trial at
Discharged.
Punished.
Supreme
Court.
Ordered to find Security.
To keep the Peace, to be of Good Behaviour, and to answer any Charge.
Convicted and Cautioned.
Total Number of Defendants.
J 20
1
2
3
4
5
7
8 9
10
14 15 16
25
25
26
27
228
29 30
M.
F.
J.
M.
F.
J.
M.
F.
J.
M. F. J. M.
F.
J.
M.
F.
J.
1933
1,238 1,251
103
196
1934
1,451 1,237
117
272
1935
1,675 1,484 102
5
202
222
6
20
16
1936
1,854 1,521
132
13 197
7
3
22
1937
1,881 | 1,661
190
11 266
13
1
39
Total
8,099 7,154
644
39 1,133
88
21
105
∞ 2 2 88
8
52
:
2
98
898
14
67
9
5
σ7
כ כא
1,507
137
16
56
1 1,652
150
16
29
86
8
:
5 1,886
165
14
100 13
59
31,899
158
19
2
115
23
22
כא
3
2,103
231
12
4
432
88
:
8
223
17
9 9,047 841
77
Aver-
age
1,620 1,431
129
8 227 18
21
1
86
18
2
45
3
19
2 1,809 168
15
per
Year,
Appendix VII.
Return of Juvenile Offenders brought before the Police Magistrate's Courts at Tai Po and Ping Shan during the year 1997.
A.-Boys,
Classification of Offenders.
Total No. of
Defendants.
1
Convicted & Sentenced
Committed to Remand Home
Fines (Inflicted on Parents)
N
3
4
5
LO
· Stealing from person
1
I
I
Possession of Tobacco
1
1
1
Possession of Wine
Being found on enclosed premises
1
Setting fire to grass stacks
1
1
2
3
4
5
LO
1
Committed to Industrial School
1
2
3
4
5
LO
1
1
Total
8
1
1
2
1
1
(1) Age under 10.
(2) Over 10 and under 12.
(3) Over 12 and under 14.
(4) Over 14 and under 15.
(5) Over 15 and under 16.
1
J 21
I
Appendix VII.
Return of Juvenile Offenders brought before the Magistrate's Courts at Tai Po and Ping Shan during the year 1937.
B.-GIRLS.
Classification of Offenders.
Total
No. of
Defen-
dants.
Fine (inflicted on parents)
1
~
3
LO
Discharged or Order made.
1
2
כא
Committed to Salvation Army Home for Women & Girls.
4
5
1
2
כא
4
5
Possession of Wine
2
Possession of Tobacco
2
Total
4
(1) Age under 10.
(2) Over 10 and under 12.
1
!
}
J
22
1
1
I
1
(3) Over 12 and under 14. (4) Over 14 and under 15.
Appendix VIII.
1
1
1
(5) Over 15 and under 16.
1
1
I
SMALL DEBTS COURTS.
1937
Average from 1932-1936
87
158
21
47
Cases heard
Writs of Execution
Appendix IX.
No. of
Increase
Decrease
Amount
Heading.
Sales
Permits,
Licences,
etc.
No. of
Lots.
Area in
acres.
of
of
of
Annual
Annual
Premia,
Rent,
Rent,
Fees, etc.
$
C.
$
C.
Amount
paid for
Resump-
tion of
Land.
C.
Sales of Land for Agriculture
44
60
16.72
21.90
5.
>>
>>
Building
77
80
1.07
143.00
>>
""
""
"
& garden
1
1
.03
6.00
Orchard
13
15
27.88
29.80
2,115.00
1,131.00
150.00
3,052.00
""
>>
>>
""
"
19
""
& garden
Į
& agriculture
.75
.80
82.00
"
">
>>
>>
>>
Garden & agriculture
1
|
>>
>>
>>
Threshing floor
.21
.80
103.00
Garden
.64
56.40
865.00
""
55
Conversions
Permits to occupy land for Agriculture
89
2.23
261.00
26
2
4.40
19.77
290.27
63.00
€2.90
"
>"
""
>>
102
177
126.64
748.90
-}
""
"
"}
""
>>
}}
Other purposes
وو
وو
33
""
""
Agriculture
358
534
267.26
2,144.28
""
23
""
Other purposes
13
14
58.62
110.22
Extensions
10
10
.19
20.10
Exchanges
1
1
.35
.35
3346
986.00
Re-entries
334
19.28
158.77
Surrenders
19
1.69
33.95
Resumptions
8
.41
.83
178.62
Stone Quarry permits
85
1,404.00
Permits to cut Earth, etc.
351
3,649.65
Matshed permits
1,175
19.70
5,370.40
Ferry Licences
4
6.00
Forestry Licences
563
563
38,377.90
Pine-apple land Leases
522
522
173.22
Grave Certificates
12
7,675,58
519.66
7.00
Deeds registered and fees
3,326
4,374.00
Term
of
years.
Zar-ogoPaaalalaaaa
1
10
J 23-
J 24
Appendix X.
LOCAL PUBLIC WORKS, 1937.
ALLOCATION OF ASSISTANCE.
NEW WORKS.
Dam across the stream near Wun Iu
70.00
Bridge and path between Chik Kang and Tai Long ....
100.00
REPAIRS
Dam across the stream at Lam Tsun
30.00
Bund near Yuen Long
150.00
Bund near Shek Po
40.00
Path between Yuen Long and Lo Wai
50.00
School at San Tong
20.00
Path at Tai Kiu
30.00
Un-expended
1,010.00
Total......
$ 1,500.00
—
J 25
Serial No.:
Appendix XI.
TYPHOON RELIEF.
Name
Sex
Age
Family's District:
Dialect spoken
:
Details of family:
Where living at time of typhoon:
Occupation
Extent of human loss suffered :
Extent of other loss suffered
Extent & nature of assistance sought:
Further Remarks
Award:-Cash grant of $.......
Loan of $......
To be repaid in instalments of $........
1st repayment on 15th of 3rd Moon, 1938.
No interest.
..a Moon.
D.O., N.D.
37.
J 26
Appendix XII.
Extract from the "South China Morning Post" of the 7th of September, 1937.
CORRESPONDENCE.
TYPHOON SUFFERERS.
(To the Editor, S.C.M. Post).
Sir,-Having regard to the suffering and misery caused by the typhoon to the inhabitants of the Taipo and Sha Tau Kok areas, both afloat and ashore, I ask that you accept the enclosed cheque for $200 as a contribution towards a fund directed at the assistance of these unfortunate people. Perhaps the District Officer North might be good enough to direct the administration. of such a fund.
I am writing you rather than to the District Officer direct as I feel there are undoubtedly others like myself who want to help and if they see a fund has been established they will come forward with contributions. I am sure other New Territories residents who have daily opportunities to admire the fortitude of our hard-working neighbours will wish to help them in this extraordinary calamity.
W. T. Stanton.
(We shall be pleased to accept and acknowledge contribu- tions-Ed., S. C. M. Post.)
Appendix J (1).
REPORT ON THE NEW TERRITORIES FOR
THE YEAR 1937.
SOUTHERN DISTRICT.
STAFF.
Mr. K. Keen took over from Mr. G. S. Kennedy-Skipton on 23rd August and was relieved by Mr. J. S. MacLaren on 29th October. He was in charge till 22nd November when Mr. G. S. Kennedy-Skipton acted as District Officer. From 1st December onwards Mr. S. F. Balfour was in charge.
EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE.
2. Tables I to III show comparative details of the expenditure for the years 1936 and 1937.
3. The actual Revenue collected by the department, as given in Table II, exceeds the previous year's total by $12,991.86, chiefly owing to more sales of building and garden lands in the district. Rates for the urban area of Tsun Wan started from June and contributed appreciably towards the revenue of the department.
4. Table III shows a comparative statement of Expenditure and Revenue of the department for the last ten years.
MAGISTRACY.
5. Tables IV to VIII show the details of the cases heard by the District Officer sitting as Police Magistrate and Judge of the Small Debts Court.
6. The number of Police cases dealt with (Table VII) shows an increase in 1937 by 134 as compared with the previous year. There was a heavy increase in larceny cases and other serious crimes were also in the ascendant.
- J.(1) 2-
7. There were 9 cases committed for trial at the Supreme Court during the year. Five cases of Armed Robbery (four at Cheung Chau and one at Tin Ha Wan, Hang Hau) and one Murder case at Po Toi occurred during the year. One case of Possession of Arms, one Deportation case and one Forgery case were also heard by the Magistrate for committal. A great number of cases of unlawful possession of wild wood and of tree- cutting were brought before the Magistrate.
8. There was 1 Juvenile Offender in 1937 as against 9 in 1936 (Tables VI (a) and (b)).
9. The number of Small Debts Cases decreased by 10 and the number of Writs of Execution increased by i as compared with 1936.
10. 21 cases of deaths in unusual circumstances were reported to the Police Magistrate during the year. 2 Coroner's Enquiries were held, one with Jury and the other without Jury.
LAND OFFICE.
11. Table X shows the work of the Land Office during the year 1937. 80.66 acres were sold, yielding premium to the amount of $18,578 as against 37.05 acres and $6,035.90 in 1936. This heavy increase is chiefly due to the opening up of Hang Hau as a residential district served by a motor road and also to a keen demand for agricultural land.
12. The number of memorials registered was 1,057 as compared with 1,007 in 1936 and the revenue from registration shows a consequent rise.
13. The acreage held under Forestry and Pineapple Licences decreased slightly despite the fact that the year 1936 had seen a change for the better..
GENERAL.
Agriculture.
14. The district, as a whole, may claim to have enjoyed a fair measure of prosperity during the year, in face of the horrors of war in China. The typhoon of 2nd September did considerable damage to the crops and various sea-walls and bunds in the district were badly damaged. Vegetable crops were good. The first rice crop did well but the second crop was partly destroyed by the typhoon above-mentioned. The firewood and beancurd industries fared about the same as last year. Cattle, pigs and poultry were reported satisfactory. Prices generally were high.
Fisheries.
15. Catches this year were successful. The Wong Fa and Herring catches were particularly good and prices were high.
:
.
J (1) 3
Transport.
16. The Hong Kong and New Territories Ferry Company maintained a regular schedule throughout the year. The Tsun Wan line did badly for the 5th year in succession owing to more buses being put on the New Territories run.
Registration of Births and Deaths.
17. 691 births and 905 deaths in all were registered at Tsun Wan, Cheung Chau and Tai O as against 668 and 671 respectively for 1936. There were no prosecutions during the year.
Sanitation.
A modern
18. The scavenging work has been satisfactorily maintained in Cheung Chau, Tai Ō, Hang Hau and Tsun Wan. latrine was built near the new market at Tsun Wan. taker is in regular attendance.
Hygiene.
A care-
19. The Government medical service was maintained, consisting of a travelling dispensary on the mainland, routine visits by a Medical Officer to the islands, and resident midwives with dispensaries at Tai O and Sham Tseng.
20. The Haw Par Hospital in Cheung Chau run by St. John's Ambulance Brigade and the St. John's Ambulance clinic at Tsun Wan did good service. 30,115 cases were dealt with by the former and 14,658 by the latter as against 37,990 and 15,602 respectively in 1936.
Tai 0.
21. Business conditions in Tai O are generally dependent upon the success of the fishing season. This year the fishing season was good with higher prices for the catches.
22. The following table gives approximately the figures of fish catches landed at Tai O.
Catch.
Price per picul.
1936.
1937.
1936.
1937.
Ma Yau
400 piculs.
500 piculs.
$15.00
$20.00
Herring
650
1,000
$13.00
$15.00
23
""
Wong Fa
12,000
14,000
$ 9.50
$14.00
??
Shrimps
1,500
800
$ 5.50
23
25
$ 7.00
J (1) 4
23. Pigs, cattle and poultry did well. All of these were consumed locally. The rice crop was rather poor.
24. The total output of salt for the year was 17,200 piculs- an advance of 3,700 piculs over last year. Prices were well sustained.
Lamma Island.
25. Cattle had a fair year. Pigs, rice and vegetable crops also did well. There was a severe epidemic of gapes among poultry. The fishing industry was fair but the shrimp industry showed a slight decrease on previous year.
Cheung Chau and Southern Lantau.
26. Conditions were fair. The fishing industry, the main- stay of Cheung Chau, did well. The prices were a great deal higher than last year. Other items, lime kilns at Ping Chau excepted, also did well. Vegetables had a good year and both crops at Lantou Island were reported satisfactory.
27. The stalls in Cheung Chau Market were not all occupied during the year. Business was generally bad.
28. A fire broke out in Tung Wan, Cheung Chau, damage being estimated at about $11,000. Considerable damage was caused during the typhoon of 2nd September.
Tsun Wan.
29. Conditions in Tsun Wan were generally good. Pine- apples had a very bad year but vegetable crops, firewood, pigs, cattle etc. did well.
30. The Hume Pipe (Far East) Company, the Texas Oil Company and the Hongkong Brewery were busy throughout the vear. A new water catchment for the Shing Mun Reservoir was being built, giving work to about 500 people.
31. There was an increased number of new buildings erected in Tsun Wan. Three new blocks of modern flats were built near the new market, consisting of 27 tenement flats. Further building is expected in the neighbourhood. Land values con- tinue very high.
S. F. BALFOUR,
District Officer, South.
19 March, 1938.
J (1) 5
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1936 AND 1937.
1936.
1937.
Personal Emoluments
*$34,566.77
*$36,290.57
Other Charges.
Conveyance Allowances
490.58
617.31
Incidental Expenses
192.42
195.83
Lighting
185.92
732.48
Local Public Works
2,750.00
1,800.00
Rent of Offices
7,800.00
6,200.00
Scavenging
1,530.45
1,524.00
Transport
623.59
534.07
Uniforms
67.85
95.24
Special Expenditure.
Typhoon Damage to Offices
Total Department
200.00
$48,207.58
$48,189.50
* Includes Officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services.
J (1) 6
Table II.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE COLLECTED BY THE DISTRICT OFFICER, 1936 AND 1937.
1396.
1937.
Fines
$
711.66
$ 1,266.23
Building Covenant Fines
91.43
89.93
Forfeitures
150.75
185.00
Forestry Licences
2,411.80
2,188.40
Miscellaneous Licences
248.00
280.00
Assessed Taxes (Rates)
858.56
Earth and Stone Permits
616.50
589.00
Legal Costs
111.00
112.00
Boundary Stones and Survey Fees...
166.00
138.00
Crown Leases.
60.00
30.00
Miscellaneous Fees
156.25
157.70
Deeds Registration Fees
1,336.60
1,656.45
Leased Lands
* 24,238.40
* 23,599.95
Pineapple Land Leases
568.97
447.68
Bathing Matshed Permits
5,932.55
5,785.95
Matshed Permits
890.60
842.70
Temporary Structure on Private
Land
874.00
853.00
Permit to Occupy Land
484.50
431.20
Miscellaneous Permits
400.75
715.25
Stone Quarries
375.00
125.00
Market Fee
5,100.06
4,753.41
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
81.28
Premia on New Leases
6,119.80
18,743.53
Revenue Reward Fund
632.21
976.64
Arms Fine Fund
95.00
Poor Box
29.55
48.94
Total
$51,882.66
$64,874.52
* 1. Actual Collections, including normal arrears for previous year.
2. Amount due on 1936 Rent Roll
$26,452.47
including $2,670 remitted for Salt Pan No. 2 and $1,022 waived for re-entry on Salt Pan No. 4.
Amount due on 1937 Rent Roll
$26,922.68
including $3,170 remitted for Salt Pan No. 2.
J (1) 7
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF THE DISTRICT OFFICE FOR LAST TEN YEARS.
* Personal
Emoluments
Special
Total Expenditure
Total Revenue
Collected
and Other Expenditure. of the
Charges.
Department. Department.
by the
$
C.
$
C.
$
C.
C.
1928
23,111.62
23,111.62
39,279.47
1929
23,776.34
1930
39,410.90
1931
36,282.47
·1932-
42,073.65§
1933
47,116.68
:
:
:
:
23,776.34
40,870.41
39,410.90 46,715.94
36,282.47 51,285.59
42,073.65
56,679.19
47,116.63 62,282.58
1934
41,790.00
1935
43,911.09
:
:
...
41,790.00
63,912.43
1936
48,207.58
43,911.09 53,658.04
48,207.58 51,882.66
1937
47,989.50
200.00 48,189.50
64,874.52
* Includes Officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services
attached to department.
§ Includes salary, May to November, of Cadet Officer on leave.
J (1) 8-
Table IV.
Abstract of Cases under cognisance of the Police Magistrate's Court at District Office, South during the year 1937
Cases, how disposed of, and the number of Male and Female defendants under each Head.
Classification of Offences.
Total No. of Total No. of Convicted and Charges. Defendants. Sentenced.
Discharged.
Committed for trial at the Supreme Court
Bound over to keep the peace
and be of good! behaviour.
Bail Estreated.
M. F. J. M. F.
J. M. F. J. M. F. J. M.
F. J.
OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.
148 12 1 10
(a)—Against their Property.
Larceny (Simple)
152
186
Robbery
6
Forgery
2
False Pretences
1
Stealing from Person
Larceny from Dwelling House...
Receiving Stolen Property
412258
2
3
4
(b) Against their Person.
Assault (Common)
25
32
11
Assault (Bodily Harm) Murder
1
1
1
OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.
(a)-Against the Crown and Govt.
Dangerous Drugs
Dangerous Goods
Opium Offences
Revenue Offences
55
аны
1
111
65
84
76
54
1103
6
TATE:
1 1 1 1
(b) Against Public Justice.
Deportation
8
7
(c) Against Public Peace.
Unlawful Possession of Arms....
5
7
4
(d)-Against Public Morals and Police.
Gambling Offences
16
Hawking Offences
38
Other Offences
70
Sand-stealing
9805
2268
60
15
49
22
76
45 16
13
13
2001
4243
། ལ
2
12
1
Total
11 1
2
9
|
!
| | | │
}
11001
I
1111
11 11
| | | |
487
659
402 58 1
45 13
M. - Male
F.=Female.
}
13
Į
111
111
111
1
18-
32
29 10
J.=Juvenile.
1
1
11600000
36
}
6211
78
10
:
1
Table V.
Return of Punishments awarded in respect of certain Classes of Offonces at District Office, South during the year 1937.
PUNISHMENTS
Offences against Individuals.
Offences of a Public Nature.
No. of
Description.
Persons
punished.
Person.
Against their Against their Against the Property.
Against
Crown and
Public
Against
Public
Government.
Justice.
morals and
Police.
Other
Offences.
M. F. J.
M.
F. J. | M.
F. J.
M. F. J.M.
F.
Ꭻ .
M. F. J. |M.
F. J.
Fined
244 43 1 84
34 6
615
1
84 13
Επ
}
94 20
I
Imprisoned in default
208 28
T
75
1
74 11
2
10
2
Peremptory imprisonment
Bound over to keep peace and to be of good behaviour
82
828
7
63
1
Q
1
2
3
1
2
6
CO
22
46
10
2
CO
3
34 13
-
11
2
1
4
I
7
4
8
1
2
6
Total
568 91 1183 13 1
M. Male.
10 3
I
168 26
-
17
5
114 23
76
21
F.
Female.
J. =Juvenile.
J (1)
9 -
Simple
Larceny...
1
Table VI, (a).
Return of Juvenile Offenders brought before the Police Magistrate's Court at District Office, South
during the year 1937.
A.-BOYS.
Convicted and Sentenced.
Caned in
Court.
Caned and bound over.
Fined
2 3 4
5
1 2 3 4 5 1 2
3
Bound Over.
To keep the
Imprisoned.
peace and be
of good behaviour.
To come up
for
Convicted
and
Cautioned
Discharged
or
Previously convicted
Bail
Estreated.
Order made.
judgment.
23
4 5 1 2
3
5
2
3
5 1 2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1 2 3
4 5
1
2
3
4
5
-
(1) Age under 10.
(2) Over 10 and under 12.
(3) Over 12 and under 14.
(4) Over 14 and under 15.
(5) Over 15 and under 16.
Classification of Offences.
Total No. of
Dedendants.
1
Convicted and Sentenced.
Table VI, (b)
· B.-GIRLS.
To come up
for
judgment.
Imprisoned.
5 1 2
3
H
51
Bound Over.
To keep the peace and be
of good behaviour.
N
Co
4 5
H
Q
Caned in
Court.
Caned and bound over.
Fined
N
3 4
5 1
2 3 4 5 | 1
2
Co
3
H
NI
L.
M
H
Yo
Convicted
and
Cautioned.
Discharged
or
Order made.
N
3
45 1
~
(1) Age under 10.
(2) Over 10 and under 12.
(3) Over 12 and under 14.
(4) Over 14 and under 15.
5
1
Previously convicted
Bail
Estreated.
a
----
19
5 1 2 3
(5) Over 15 and under 16.
10
J (1) 11-
Table VII.
Abstract of Cases brought under Cognizance of the Police Magistrate's Court during a period of Five Years.
Cases, how disposed of, and the number of Male and Female Prisoners under each Head.
Order to find
Security.
J
(1) 12
Total
Years.
of
Cases.
Convicted and Punished,
Committed for trial at
Committed to
Escaped before
Punished for
Prison or detained
Discharged.
Supreme
Court.
pending Order of His Excellency the Governor.
To keep the peace,
to be of good
Did not appear and absconded.
being brought for trial at
preferring False
Escaped,
behaviour and
the Magistracy,
Charge or giving False
Undecided
Total Number
of Defendants.
Testimony.
to answer any
charge.
1
2
3 4
5 6
8
9
10
11...
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
M.
F.
༤
Ꭻ .
M.
F.
J.
M.
F.
J.
M.
F.
J.
M.
F
M.
F.
J.
M.
F.
J.
M.
F.
M.
F.
J.
M.
F.
Ꭻ .
M.
F.
}
437
7
1933.
276 259
3
97
2
I
Co
3
30
2
48
I
710
B
1934.
521
535
10
3
81
2
3
16
75
494
22
52
2 333
12
3
co
1935,
402
367
29
|
49
1936.
374 371
26
6
44
H
10
20
Co
88
1
523
35
9
1
1937.
508 397
56
1
36.
7
9
32
15
94
13
568
91
1
I
Total...
2,081 1,929
124
10
307
17
2
19
120
23
[
T
357
14
1
I
I
I
2,732
178
13
Average
per
416.2 385.8
24.8
2
61.4
3.4
.4
3.8
I
I
24
4.6
I
71.4
2.8
.2
T
1
I
Į
I
[
I
I
I
546.4
35.6
2.6
Year.
M. = Male.
F. - Female.
J. =Juvenile.
J (1) 13
Table VIII.
SMALL DEBTS COURT.
Cases heard
Writs of Execution
Table IX.
1396.
1937.
51
41
25
26
CORONER'S RETURN FOR THE YEAR 1937.
No. of Burial Orders issued.
No. of Death Enquiries held with Jury.
No. of Death Enquiries held without Jury.
1
1
1
Table X.
No. of Sales,
Area
Increase of
Decrease of
Permits,
Headings.
Licences,
No. of
Lots.
in
Crown
Acres.
Rent.
Rent.
Crown
etc.
A
C.
Amount of
Premia,
Fees, &c.
Amount
paid for
Resumption
Term of
Years.
of Land.
C.
ཡ་
J (1) 14 -
Land sales for Buildings (a) to
local villagers
107
107
1.78
192.00
372.00
75
Land sales for Buildings (b) to
non-local persons
29
29
3.43
391.00
7,313.00
75
Land sales for Agriculture (a) to
local villagers
9
Co
2.03
2.55
260.00
75
Land sales for Agriculture (b) to
non-local persons
29
29
Land sales for Cemeteries
2
Conversion
10
10
220
70.38
71.80
10,325.00
75
8.04
7.00
308.00
75
.41
41.00
165.53
75
Stone Quarry Leases
1
.45
100.00
Permits to occupy Lands (5 years)|
3
7.30
56.50
(Annual)
126
74.18
· 381.50
"
"
""
Matshed Permits on Crown Land.
694
6.39
Bathing Matshed Permits
238
2.12
865.60
5,881.15
2 2 2 2PRIBILL
1
5
1
1
1
Permits for Temporary Structures
on Private Lands
187
1.86
863.00
1
Earth and Stone Permits
129
589.00
Forestry Licences
120
Pineapple Licences
281
12,755.09
168.76
2,552.50
507.11
Deeds Registration Fees.
1,057
—
1,656.45
Resumption
72
2.16
11.10
3,882.90
Re-entries
101
4.97
138.51
Surrenders
6
.63
10.10
Miscellaneous Licences.
171
324.00
Permits
148
715.00
Fish Pond Leases
2
2.42
26.20
Salt Pan Lease
1
1
21.42
1,050.00
15
1155
J (1) 15-
Table XI.
BIRTH AND DEATH REGISTRATION.
(COMMENCED IN 1932).
Births. Deaths.
Total.
1933
875
376
1,251
1934
976
452
1,428
1935.
398
554
1,492
1936
668
671
1,339
1937
691
905
1,596
Table XII.
LOCAL PUBLIC WORKS 1937.
IMPROVEMENTS AND REPAIRS.
Road in Cheung Chau European Reservation, Cheung
Chau
$
150.00
....
Paths on Lantau Plateau
100.00
School at Tsing Yi
407.00
Well at Cheung Chau
400.00
Street Repairs at Tai O
200.00
Street Paving and Channelling at Hang Hau
200.00
Repairs to Bund at Tsing Yi
215.00
Repairs to Latrine at Cheung Chau .......
75.00
Repairs to Bridge at Tung Chung
3.00
Repairs to Causeway at Tai O
Un-expended
50.00
*200.00
Total
$ 2,000.00
* This sum
was approved by Finance Committee to cover cost of
repairing the damage caused to the District Office, South, by the typhoon of the 2nd September, 1937.
Appendix K.
REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF POLICE
FOR THE YEAR 1937.
GENERAL.
1. The year 1937 was an exceptionally heavy one for the Police Force. In the early part of the year the Colony received several distinguished visitors in whose interest additional pre- cautionary measures were taken. The Coronation festivities entailed much extra work on nearly all ranks, but the ready co-operation of the public lightened the task of Police.
2. On July the 7th the Sino-Japanese conflict broke out, bringing many complications. Police concentrated on efforts to prevent any untoward incidents between local residents. They received ready co-operation from Chinese and Japanese resid- ents alike. I take this opportunity to pay tribute to the restraint and tact displayed by both communities. The Police Reserve performed voluntary duty at night during November and December in order to release a number of Regular Police for special duties. It is satisfactory to record that only a few very minor incidents occurred.
3. The disastrous typhoon of September 1st and the Cholera Epidemic are dealt with under separate headings.
This
4. In 1936 there was a serious increase in larcency. increase has persisted, though in a less degree, during 1937. There were 12,434 serious crimes in 1937, as against 9,038 in 1936, an increase of 37 per cent. (See paras. 58 and 59.) With only a nominal increase in the strength of the Force, the percentage of arrests and convictions was fully maintained in the increased total. There were 150 convictions at Sessions as against 114 in 1936. The prisons continued to be overcrowded.
5. A record amount of Revenue was collected by the Department ($945,357).
6. An analysis of traffic accidents is set out in Table VIII. Most accidents arise from want of caution while pedestrians walk or run across streets.
7. Ten more Chinese probationary Sub-Inspectors were recruited during the year. There have been some casualties among the ten recruited in 1936. Despite early difficulties I believe these officers will be a success as they come to realise more fully the necessity of strict integrity and development of
self reliance.
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8. A new sports ground in Kowloon was earmarked for the Force by His Excellency the Officer Administering the Govern- ment This is a notable event, and should meet a long-felt want. It was not possible to start levelling and preparing the ground till 1937. In Upper Levels and Kowloon City Stations an available room was set aside as a recreation room for Asiatic Police. This is an experiment. Up to the present the men have had only their rather crowded barrack rooms when in Station off duty.
SPECIAL EVENTS.
9. Visits.-On March the 8th, His Excellency General Yu Han Mow, Pacification Commissioner of Kwang Tung, accom- panied by his staff, arrived in the Colony en route to Canton from Nanking. His Excellency remained in the Colony for two days, during which period he attended various functions.
10. On March the 24th, His Majesty's Ambassador to China, His Excellency Sir Hughe Knatchbull-Hugessen, K.C.M.G., accompanied by Lady Knatchbull-Hugessen and their two daughters, arrived in Hong Kong with his staff during the course of a tour in South China. The party remained in the Colony for four days and left for Macau on 28th March, 1937.
11. On April the 4th, His Excellency Dr. H. H. Kung, Finance Minister of China, arrived in the Colony on his way to England as China's representative to the Coronation of His Majesty King George VI.
12. On April the 12th, General Wu Teh Chen arrived en route to take up his appointment as Chairman of the Kwang Tung Provincial Government. He left for Canton on April the 14th.
13. Special Police arrangements were made for each of these visits and no untoward incident occurred.
14. Departure of Sir Andrew Caldecott.-His Excellency Sir Andrew Caldecott, K.C.M.G., accompanied by Lady Caldecott, left the Colony on April the 16th to take up his appointment as Governor of Ceylon. His departure was marked by a full repre- sentative parade of Services, guards of honour being supplied by the Royal Navy, Royal Air Force, Seaforth Highlanders and Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps. Police turned out 285 officers of all contingents for control of the crowds and traffic.
15. Coronation Celebrations.-On May the 12th, 13th and 14th, Hong Kong celebrated the Coronation of His Majesty King George VI.
16. On May the 12th, at 7 a.m., a Naval, Military and Air Force Review was held at Happy Valley. Large crowds gathered at Happy Valley and on the route taken by the troops, to view this.
K3
17. Other items of interest which attracted huge crowds to the Colony were the day and night processions organised by the various Chinese Guilds; illuminations, flood-lighting, firework displays and night flying.
18. It is estimated that from the 10th to the 14th May, about 85,250 persons entered the Colony to view or to take part in the festivities. 54,327 persons were recorded as having entered by river steamers, launches and junks, and 30,920 by the Kowloon-Canton Railway.
19. Throughout the celebrations every available member of the Police and Police Reserve was called out for duty. All leave over this period was stopped, and the men had to work long hours under trying conditions controlling traffic and pedestrians. The Criminal Investigation Department devoted special efforts to rounding up pick-pockets and criminals of this type and so to protect the crowds of sightseers.
20. The complete absence of untoward incidents or serious accidents is a great tribute to the general public who showed good humour and willing response to Police control.
21. The Police are much indebted to the Chairman and members of the Chinese Processions Committee for their helpful co-operation in adjusting their arrangements to traffic require-
ments.
22. Letters of appreciation of the work done by Police were received from His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government and Mr. Ho Kam Tong, Chairman of the Corona- tion Celebration Chinese Processions Committee.
23. "Dojima Maru" Disaster. At 8 p.m. on the 17th May, 1937, the steam launch "Dojima Maru", owned by the Osaka Shosen Kaisha, which was lying alongside Queen's Pier embark- ing passengers for the S.S. "Rio de Janeiro Maru", suddenly blew up with a terrific explosion. Of the 48 persons on board- all males-4 members of the crew and 27 Japanese passengers were killed outright, while 2 Japanese subsequently died in hospital; a total death roll of 4 Chinese, and 29 Japanese pas- sengers.
24. Police and Fire Brigade were quickly on the scene and, with assistance rendered by passers-by and several medical practitioners who came to the scene, the wounded, totalling 15, were sent to the Government Civil Hospital. The dead were removed to the Mortuary. Men from His Majesty's Navy also rendered great assistance in the rescue work.
25. An enquiry was held by the Senior Police Magistrate sitting with a special jury. Expert evidence established that the explosion was due to the boiler of the launch bursting through fatigue of a steel strip with which the boiler had been
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repaired in 1924, and that such fatigue would not be apparent to a Surveyor at his routine inspection. The jury returned verdict of "Death by Misadventure" and commended the Coxswain Tang Fu, of the motor-boat "Fuk Wo", for rescue work. He subsequently received a Belilios Medal.
26. Shooting Incident.-At 09.00 hrs. on July the 2nd, Police Sergeant A.61 Scott, the Police Armourer, was found shot dead in the Armourer's shop at Police Headquarters. Investigations revealed that Sergeant Scott was examining a defective revolver which had been sent to him for expert opinion. No one was in the Armourer's shop at the time of the incident and at a coroner's enquiry, a verdict of "Accidental Death" was returned.
27. Collapse.-On May the 23rd, a pile-driving machine collapsed at Kansu Street, Yaumati. The cause of the accident was apparently due to a sudden strong gust of wind during a heavy rainstorm. Seven Chinese persons were killed outright or died from injuries received. A verdict of "Death by Mis- adventure" was afterwards returned by a Coroner's jury.
28. Cholera Epidemic.-In July 1937, the Colony was visited by a serious Cholera Epidemic. The Police Force was called upon to assist the Health Services in their arrangements to combat the disease. Police were on duty at the Railway Station and wharves. All incoming passengers were medically examined and inoculated before being allowed to enter the Colony. Sixteen inoculation centres were opened and Police controlled the very large crowds who availed themselves of this free service. Special action was taken against hawkers selling certain foodstuffs likely to spread disease.
29. During the epidemic 1,081 persons, including 2 Euro- peans, died of the disease. P.C.D.202 Pi Chi Hui was unfor- tunately one of the victims. The Police Force was congratulated by His Excellency the Governor for services rendered during the epidemic.
30. Typhoon.-During the night of September the 1st and 2nd the Colony experienced its most disastrous typhoon in thirty years. The blow commenced early in the evening of September the 1st and reached its climax between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. on the morning of September the 2nd, No. 10 Typhoon Signal being hoisted at 02.25 a.m. At one period the wind velocity was reported to have reached 164 miles per hour. Police were on duty in all districts during the whole of the typhoon and many plucky rescues were effected. Police on duty on the sea front, tied together by ropes, rescued some 70 persons who were isolated on various wharves, including the entire crew of the S.S. "An Lee" whose stern had been swept high and dry on to Connaught Road Central.
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2
31. The passengers and crew of the S.S. "Kwang Chow", which was wrecked on Chau Kung Island, were rescued and taken aboard No. 1 Police Launch. At the height of the typhoon a very severe fire occurred at Nos. 131-139, Connaught Road Central, in which 31 persons were killed or drowned. The task of clearing this outbreak was extremely dangerous owing to the gale and to the flooded condition of the streets and the sea front where the fire was situated. Splendid rescue was performed at the fire by Police from No. 7 Station.
work
32. Casualties were reported from every Police District. The most severe were at Taipo where the typhoon was accom- panied by a tidal wave which extended for a quarter of a mile inland. Much damage was done to the railway track over a distance of 7 miles. 147 houses were totally destroyed and 85 partially in the large rural village of Taipo Market. In this district 168 bodies were recovered and buried under the super- vision of Police.
33. The district of Sha Tau Kok was also seriously affected. A large portion of the local fishing fleet was wrecked and the crews drowned. In addition 31 houses collapsed and 143 houses were partially destroyed. Over 70 bodies were buried by Police in this district.
34. Sai Kung district had 23 deaths and Sha Tin district 10 deaths.
35. Shipping in the harbour suffered very severely, 27 steamers drifted and went ashore out of control, as well as a large number of steam launches. The most serious groundings
were:
S.S. "Asama Maru"
S.S. "Conte Verde"
S.S. "Talamba"
aground at Sai Wan Bay.
aground at Sai Wan Bay. aground at Lyemun.
36. The S.S. "Van Heutz", carrying 1,260 passengers, was wrecked on Green Island. All passengers were rescued later by ferries of the Hong Kong & Yaumati Ferry Co.
37. Considerable superficial damage was caused throughout the Colony, the most important being the partial destruction of the main New Territories road between Sha Tin and Taipo.
38. There were no Police casualties with the exception of shock and burns sustained by the Inspector in Charge of the Mong Kok District who, during rescue work, accidentally trod upon a live electric cable.
39. Police Launches Nos. 6, 7 & 9 were extensively damaged when blown from their moorings on to the Yaumati breakwater. Considerable damage was done to police stations, particularly
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Cough Hill, Taipo and Sha Tau Kok. At Taipo, the Govern- ment garage containing the Ambulance, Fire Brigade Tender and Police Patrol Van, was completely demolished and the vehicles wrecked.
40. In connection with rescue work performed by Police, 4 officers received letters expressing the approbation of the Secretary of State for the Colonies. 2 officers were commended by His Excellency the Governor, 12 were commended and 67 awarded merit anarks by the Commissioner of Police.
41. The total casualties reported in all Police Districts
were:
Males.
Females.
Children.
Killed
Drowned
43
82
66
130
103
124
Total Deaths Injured
173
185
190
2
Grand Total 574
=*
42. Air Raids Precautions.-Practice Black-Outs were held on the 23rd March and the 9th December to test the extent to which the Colony could be darkened without undue inter- ference with the normal life of the public. Both practices were successful, the second practice being, as might be expected, even more successful than the first. The Black-Outs did not give rise to accident or any noticeable inconvience to the public.
SINO JAPANESE CONFLICT.
43. In July, following the Lukuchiao incident, fighting on a large scale broke out between Chinese and Japanese forces in North China. This grew into a state of undeclared war between the two countries, and in August hostilities broke out in Shang- hai. In consequence Hong Kong experienced a large influx of European refugees, mainly women and children, from the dis- turbed areas.
44. A committee, with an administrative officer of the Hong Kong Government as chairanan, was formed, with the object of assisting these refugees. Two Asst. Superintendents of Police served on this committee. Centres were established to accom- modate refugees who had nowhere else to go and persons without means were maintained at Government expense. Between 19th and 31st August over 4,000 persons arrived in the Colony from Shanghai and the North, and all ships carrying refugees were met by members of the Committee. Police co-operated throughout, and were called upon to perform various duties in connection with the refugees. Foreign consuls also gave helpful co-operation in dealing with their own nationals. Most of the refugees left the Colony before the end of the year.
K 7-
45. A large influx of Chinese refugees also occurred parti- cularly during September and October when over 20,000 arrived after hostilities, in the shape of air raids, had spread to South China. The Tung Wah Hospital assisted in making arrange- ments for a number of these refugees and after the first panic had died down a great many returned whence they had come.
46. The Colony remained fortunately free from anti- Japanese disturbances. With the approval of Government the Commissioner of Police approached the Consul-General for Japan, in regard to the protection of Japanese residents. The Consul-General readily acquiesced to the Police plan for volun- tary concentration of Japanese residents in convenient centres. Arrangements were successfully carried out and remained in force for some months. There were no untoward incidents. Many Japanese pursued their normal occupations by day and returned to the concentration centres by night. A large number of Japanese left the Colony for Japan during September.
47. Special Police were detailed for the protection of con- centration centres. Normal Police duties were reorganized to provide picquets and additional Police protection in the most important areas.
SPECIAL EVENT (CRIME).
48. A feature of the statistics of the year under review has been the prevalence of robberies on boats. The increase in this particular form of outrage can be attributed almost entirely, to the present political situation, in so far as, goods which previous- ly were carried by launches and ships of the river and coastal type, had to be carried by junks and fisherman-boats, owing to the disruption of normal services. These small boats, usually unarmed, proved an easy prey to persons evilly disposed, for whereas in the past it was impossible for a small number of men to operate from a small fishing boat against a steam launch or coastal vessel, they could do so against boats similar to their own, with promise of considerable gain.
49. Robberies of this type are particularly difficult to deal with successfully. They usually occur a considerable distance from land. The victimised boat is in most cases deprived of all means of propulsion and the robbers return immediately to Chinese territory, which is usually their headquarters. Here often they dispose of the stolen property before Police receive the report of the robbery.
50. Murder.-On the 28th of February, 1937, the Fire Brigade received a call to a fire at No. 323, Reclamation Street, 3rd floor. On arrival at this address a heap of burning charcoal was found on the floor among which was a human body. Examination showed that the body was bound hand and foot. Police were called and enquiries showed that neighbours, at- tracted to the floor by the smoke, had found a man on the floor who attempted to frustrate any attempts on the part of the
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neighbours to enter the floor. In the confusion which followed the arrival of the Fire Brigade, this man disappeared. Enquiries at once instituted and as a result of which a Chinese male named Chiu Yuk Fai came under suspicion. Every effort was made to locate this man and he was eventually arrested on the 2nd of March, 1937. Keys found in his clothing were found to fit a lock found among the burning charcoal. A note addressed to his wife was found, the tenour of which indicated that he was in great trouble. Chiu Yuk
Chiu Yuk Fai denied having committed murder but admitted that he had lured a Chinese female, Cheung Yuk Ching, to the aforementioned address and watched her strangled by a Chinese male, whom he had hired to render her unconscious in order that certain documents in her posses- sion might be obtained. Jewellery found on Chiu Yuk Fai was identified as being the property of Cheung Yuk Ching (deceased). Chiu Yuk Fai was charged with murder and at the April Criminal Sessions was sentenced to death.
51. Murder.—At about 21.10 hrs. on the 13th of May, 1937, Mr. Chan Sze alias Chan Lai Chun, Manager of the Sincere Company, Hong Kong, and one of the Colony's best known business men, alighted from a bus in Prince Edward Road, Kowloon. He proceeded to cross the road in the direction of his home, when a Chinese male ran out from under the verandah and fatally stabbed him in the back. Police enquiries were instituted and it was suspected that the murder was the work of a hired assassin. Working on this principle, Police pursued enquiries which led to the arrest of two Chinese males who admitted having taken part in procuring the assassin. Further enquiries led to the arrest of two other Chinese males, one of whom was the actual murderer. The two men first arrested, later gave evidence for the Crown, while the latter two were charged with "Murder" and "Being an Accessory before the Fact", respectively. On the 13th of September, 1937, Au Hing, charged with "Murder', was sentenced to death while Li Fook Chong, charged as "An Accessory" was acquitted. It is believed that a business dispute provided the motive for this brutal murder.
52. Armed Robberies.—On the 4th of June, 1937, as a result of enquiries, a gang of 7 Chinese males was arrested and a quantity of arms and ammunition seized.
It was found, upon further investigation that this gang was responsible for the following outrages:-
(i) Armed Robbery at Wong Chuk Hang village,
Aberdeen on 9th May, 1937.
(ii) Armed Robbery at No. 1237, Canton Road, Ground
Floor, on 14th May, 1937.
(ii) Armed Robbery at No. 121, Wellington Street, on
1st June, 1937.
All the robbers were sentenced at Sessions to terms of imprisonment, varying in severity according to their respective roles.
*.
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53. Bomb Explosion.-On the 5th of August, 1937, a package was delivered at No. 6, Tung Fong Street, Kowloon, by an unknown Chinese male, and the receipt was obtained for same. This address was occupied by Ng Tit Chow, his wife and family. In the process of being opened the parcel suddenly exploded, fatally injuring Ng Tit Chow, and slightly injuring three other persons standing nearby. Police have so far, failed in their attempts to solve this outrage. It is believed to have been an act of revenge by parties who had been swindled by the deceased.
54. Murder and Suicide.-At 20.55 hours on the 13th of August, 1937, 3 Indian Police Officers-P.C.B.449 Kaka Singh, P.C.B.309 Arjan Singh and P.C.B.629 Kehar Singh-set out from Tai Po Police Station on a patrol to Tai Mei Tuk Village. The journey to the village is alleged to have been uneventful but on arrival there and whilst resting under a tree, I.P.C.B.309 Arjan Singh suddenly and without warning, opened fire with his rifle on I.P.C.B. 449 Kaka Singh, killing him instantly. He next turned his rifle upon I.P.C.B.629 Kehar Singh but neither of the two shots fired in the latter's direction found their mark. Whilst fleeing from the scene, I.P.C.B.629 Kehar Singh heard five more rifle shots. It appears that I.P.C.B.309 Arjan Singh then shot himself. He was found lying dead near the door of a villager's house, several of the occupants of which had very narrow escapes from death by rifle bullets. Enquiries proved that I.P.C.B.449 Kaka Singh and I.P.C.B.309 Arjan Singh had, in the past, money dealings. These are believed to have been the motive for the crime.
55. Murder. On the 5th of October, 1937, Police received a report from the Kwong Wah Hospital to the effect that 2 Chinese females had been admitted to that institution suffering from food poisoning. Enquiries led Police to No. 163 Tung Choi Street, 1st floor, from which address the 2 females had been admitted to hospital. At this address an elderly Chinese male was found, also suffering from the effect of poisoning. He also was removed to hospital. All three later succumbed and examination showed Arsenic presence in the bodies. A Chinese male, Li Fuk Yue was suspected and arrested on the 5th of October, 1937. He was charged with "Murder" and sentenced to death at the November Criminal Sessions. It is believed that a recent quarrel which Li Fuk Yue had with one of the female inmates of the above address prompted him to put Arsenic in the food which was eaten by other members of the household.
56. Bomb Explosion.-On the evening of the 30th of November, 1937, a bomb of the Mills type was thrown into the ground floor of No. 36, Connaught Road Central. The bomb exploded with little force and no damage was done. These premises are occupied by a firm, who, it is alleged, was dealing in Japanese goods. It is believed that the bomb was thrown by a member or members of a Chinese Anti-Japanese organisation.
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CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION BRANCH,
57. Summary of Crime.-The total number of cases (except summonses) dealt with by the Police during 1937, was 55,722 as against 46,587 in 1936, being an increase of 9,135 or 19%.
58. There were 12,434 serious crimes in 9,038 in 1936, an increase of 3,396 or 37%. creases in the following:
Burglary
House-Breaking
1937 as against There were
were in-
124
86
Intimidation & Extortion
Kidnapping
Larceny
1
3
2,925
Larceny in Dwelling
Larceny on Ships & Wharves
Manslaughter
Murder Attempted
174
62
6
2
Obtaining by False Pretence
48
Receiving
108
Robbery
41
Other serious offences
27
Decrease:
Breach of Arins Ordinance
12
Serious Assault
30
Assault with Intent to Rob
4
Coinage Offences
48
Deportation
106
Embezzlement
Murder
Women & Girls Ordinance
2
1
There were 102 cases of robbery distributed as follows:
Hong Kong Island
37
Kowloon
37
New Territories South
4
New Territories North
24
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59. The following table indicates the number of serious crimes for the whole Colony, 1932-1937.
Year.
Charge No Charge Cases.
Total
Cases.
Cases.
Property Property
Stolen. Recovered.
1932
3,284.
2,509
5,743
$735,605 | $ 73,021
1933
3,377
2,253
5,630
764,492
67,469
1934
3,480
2,069
5,549
363,436
50,551
1935
4,322
2,051
6,373
576,203
42,704
1936
6,234
2,804
9,038
303,497
69,739
1937
8,169
4,265
12,434
531,190 115,829
60. The following table indicates the number of crimes classified as Outrages, which have been reported to the Police during the last 5 years:
Year. Hong Kong Kowloon. N.T.S. N.T.N.
Total.
1933
30
37
6
21
94
1934
28
43
4
1935
27
37
25
20
95
34
102
1936
27
40
6
16
89
1937
43
55
29
131
See graph on page 12.
21
18
15
12
1937
GRAPH SHOWING OUTRAGES FOR 1935-6-7.
JAN..
FEB.
MAR. APR. ΜΑΥ JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT.
NOV.
DEC.
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61. There were 43,288 minor cases in 1937 as against 37,549 in 1936, an increase of 5,739 or 15%-
PROPERTY REPORTED STOLEN & PROPERTY RECOVERED.
62. The estimated value of property stolen during the year 1937 was $531,190 as against $303,497 in 1936, an increase of $227,693 or 75%. The average for the last 5 years is $507,763. The value of property recovered during the year was $115,829 or 21% of the property reported stolen as against $69,739 or 22% of the property stolen in 1936.
LOST PROPERTY.
63. A summary of the number of articles lost or recovered during the year with their value is given below:---
Year.
Articles reported lost.
Value lost.
Articles recovered or found, but not
reported lost.
Value of articles found.
1936
308
$36,372
1937
516
$45,959
ARMS.
22 23
70
$719
78
942
64. There were 40 seizures of Arms during the year, of which 26 were "Charge" cases and 14 were "No Charge" cases. The figures for 1936 were 42 and 11 respectively.
There were no seizures of note during the year. Table VI gives details of Arms and Ammunition seized.
GAMBLING.
65. There were 161 successful Gambling raids during the year 1937, as against 109 in 1936. Convictions were obtained in every case.
There were 19 successful Lottery raids, as against 16 in 1936. Convictions were obtained in all cases.
CRIMINAL SESSIONS CASES.
66. During the year there were 150 cases in which convic- tions were obtained at the Criminal Sessions, as against 114 in 1936 und 100 in 1935...
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DEPORTATION OFFICE.
67. Table IV gives the number of persons dealt with by the Deportation Office during the year. A general increase of 5,573 is shown. This is largely due to the large number of destitute refugees in the Colony who commit petty offences and are deported.
MISSING CHILDREN.
68. During the year, 260 children under the age of 15 years, were reported missing. Of this number 160 have been found, mostly strayed or run away from home.
PIRACY.
69. There were no Piracies of ships reported during the year.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
70. The following table shows weights and measures examined during the year 1937:-
Weights & Measures examined.
Correct. Incorrect.
Total.
Foreign Scales
127
12
139
Chinese Scales
940
22
962
Yard Measures
195
11
206
Chinese Foot Measures
100
100
Total
1,362
45
1,407
71. The following prosecutions were instituted under the Weights & Measures Ordinance:
Number of Cases
Convictions
Fines
22
17
$260.00.
DANGEROUS Goods.
72. The following prosecutions were instituted under the Dangerous Goods Ordinance during 1937:-
Number of Cases
Convictions
Fines
9
$910.00.
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SPECIAL BRANCH.
73. Communist activity in the Colony during the year was directed almost entirely against Japanese imperialism and no activities of an anti-British nature were observed. After the outbreak of Sino-Japanese hostilities in August, 1937, this anti-Japanese movement became even more marked and a united front to resist Japan was formed between the Chinese communist Party and the Kuomingtang. As in former years a considerable quantity of Communist and anti-Japanese literature was received through the post.
74. Towards the end of the year a number of organisations sprang up in the Colony designed to check the activities of Chinese "traitors", to boycott Japanese goods, and to collect war relief funds. There was also a noticeable increase of activity by labour groups in the Colony. These activities were the outcome of the Sino-Japanese hostilities and no serious demonstration or disturbances were caused.
Immigration and Passport Office.
75. During the year 1937, there were 114 persons of various nationalities, other than Chinese, put before the Courts for the following offences:-
Passports
Stowaways
Vagrancy
61
17
36
The number of destitutes dealt with during the year was 52.
Registration of Persons Office.
76. During the year, 7,235 persons registered with this office, 19 registered persons died and 5,605 left the Colony. 14 aliens acquired British naturalisation. There were 58 convictions for breaches of the Ordinance. On 31st December, 1937, there were 6,444 registered aliens in the Colony. The increase of registra- tions compared with 1936 was due to the large number of re- fugees from Shanghai and other parts of China, who came to Hong Kong to escape the Sino-Japanese hostilities.
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FINGERPRINT DEPARTMENT.
77. A summary of work executed in this department during 1987 is as follows:
No. of slips
Year.
No. of slips No. of persons No. of slips
searched. identified.
added to
filed.
Bureau
during 1937.
1937....
23,906
6,964
19,922
12,558
1936....
15,704
4,698
16,017
11,319
Increase
over 1936.
8,202
2,266
3,905
1,239
78. During the year 768 persons were dealt with under the Deportation Ordinance. Of these 481 were arrested solely as suspected banishees, and 287 were arrested for other offences and later found to have returned from banishment. Of the total number, 36 were dealt with at Criminal Sessions, 714 by Police Magistrate, and 18 were discharged owing to their having been banished on the wrong form, i.e. Form 7 instead of Form 7A. These persons were later banished on the correct form. During the year 543 Criminal Records were created, making a total of 914 in the Bureau on 31st December, 1937. The total number of records in the files in the Bureau at the end of 1936 totalled 151,789. Out of that number 2,000 were destroyed being persons with clear records for 15 years or more. During 1937, there were 12,558 new records added to the Bureau making a total on record of 162,347 on 31st December, 1937.
PHOTOGRAPHIC SUB-DEPARTMENT,
79. The total number of photographs taken of scenes of serious crime and accidents throughout the year was 40.
80. The number of copies of photographs issued was 3,849 made up as follows:
For Criminal Investigation Department
(including Special Branch)
For Court
For other Departments
CENSORSHIP OF CINEMATOGRAPH FILMS.
3,226
246
377
81. During the year, 5,317 reels and 293 trailers were censored at the Hong Kong Preview Studio. Thirty-eight reels were submitted to the Appeal Board.
.
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THE NEW TERRITORY.
82. There were 35 cases of outrage in 1937 as against 16 in 1936.
No Charge no Conviction. Total. Charge. conviction.
Murder
Murder & attempted Armed Robbery
Manslaughter
Armed Robbery
Armed Robbery &
Wounding
Armed Highway Robbery..
Attempted Armed
2
1
Convicted
of Mans-
laughter.
خر
1
1
2
2
2
10
1
1
3
(1 pending)
Robbery
3
1
Unarmed Robbery
1
1
2
Armed Robbery at sea....
7
1
Total
22
5
8
35
83. The increase is partly due to a revision of procedure. by which robberies in waters adjacent to the territories were investigated by C.I.D., N.T. (N) and classified under the station at which the report was made. Such cases formerly investigated by and classified under the Water Police. There were 9 such cases during the year.
84. There were 14 cases in which the work of gangs from Chinese Territory was established. The majority of these occurred in Ping Shan District, and adjacent waters of Deep Bay and Mirs Bay. 9 of these cases occurred at sea. Representa- tions to the Chinese Authorities at Nam Tau in November resulted in the dispersal of the gangs and the arrest of a suspected robber. The most outstanding case occurred on January 19th when a gang of 18 armed robbers from Chinese Territory attacked and robbed five boats anchored off Yung Long Wan, Ping Shan.
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85. Outrage cases by districts were as follows:
Sai Kung
Sha Tin
. Tai Po
Sha Tau Kok
Sheung Shui
nil.
2
Lok Ma Chau
2
3
Au Tau
5
3
Ping Shan
16
86. On January 9th, an employee of a trading depot at Yung Long Wan, Ping Shan District, fired on and fatally wounded a boatman approaching the shore in rough weather at night. He was convicted of Manslaughter and sentenced to 7 years Hard Labour.
87. Outstanding cases during the year included:-
(a) An attack by 5 armed robbers from Chinese Territory on a fishing boat at Double Island, Mirs Bay on January 23rd. The occupants retaliated and killed 3 of the robbers. One complainant subsequently died of bullet wounds inflicted by the robbers.
(b) The arrest and conviction in Chinese Territory of 2 armed men who robbed a man in British Territory on February 23rd.
(c) The strangulation of an aged Chinese woman at Shun Wan, Tai Po on February 25th. One Chinese male and a female charged with Murder were convicted of Mans- laughter and heavily sentenced.
88. Four cases of armed highway robbery reported during the year were successfully investigated and convictions obtained.
89. On August 13th, P.C.B. 509 Arjan Singh while on patrol ran amok, shot and killed another member of the patrol P.C.B. 449 Kaka Singh, at Tai Mei Tuk Village, Tai Po District. After firing a number of shots into a house. P.C.B. 309 committed suicide. Failure to settle a longstanding debt owed to him by P.C.B. 449 was the cause of P.C.B. 309's derangement.
90. The Frontier was manned for observation by Police from December 20th to 24th in anticipation of an influx of refugees from Chinese Territory due to possible operations by Japanese troops in South China.
91. A number of cases of arson of straw stacks belonging to a Military and Civil Contractor occurred towards the end of the year. He was maliciously accused in the Chinese press of supplying straw to Japanese interests. Investigations disclosed that the underlying reason for the outbreaks arose from competition with other commercial interests established in the districts concerned. The perpetrators were not discovered.
K 19
92. Good relations have been maintained during the year with neighbouring Chinese Officials, and visits exchanged.
93. On December 19th two Officials of the Japanese Con- sulate General, accompanied by two British Military Officers were assaulted by a crowd of coolies in British Territory at Sha Tau Kok Market, after one of the Japanese had been observed taking photographs in Chinese Territory. The party escaped with minor injuries.
a
94. On December 11th, a Japanese destroyer seized Chinese Maritime Customs Cruiser at Yung Long Wan, Deep Bay, British Waters after firing several shells at it.
95. During the year there were 3 cases of possession of arms in which 3 loaded revolvers and 2 rifles were seized and 5 Chinese males convicted.
96. Sixty-seven banishees were arrested in the New Terri- tories (North) during the year and convicted.
97. There was a marked increase in larcenies during the year. 305 cases were reported involving the loss of property valued at $15,908.00 of which $2,283.00 was recovered. Embezzlement cases accounted for unrecovered property amount- ing to $8,752.00. 249 convictions were obtained in 249 charge cases as against 173 convictions in 175 charge cases, out of a total of 242 reported cases in 1936. Detectives worked very satisfactory.
98. A new Sub-Station at Ta Ku Ling, commenced in December 1936, was completed in October, 1937 and taken into use. The Station built on modern lines, provides accommodation for 2 European single Lance Sergeants, 28 Indian Police and 3 detectives. The previous strength of the old Station was 14 Indian Police. The increase in strength was partly provided for by the transfer of European Officers and 6 Indian Police from the main Station at Sheung Shui.
99. Patrol Vans were supplied at Tai Po, Ta Ku Ling and Au Tau towards the end of the year. Their use together with the reorganisation of patrol schedules in all districts, should result in increased efficiency.
100. There was a further increase of sickness among Police during 1937. Cases rose from 241 in 1936 to 403 in 1937, of which 207 were cases of fever as against 162 in 1936. The major increases of sickness were at Tai Po, Sha Tin, Lin Ma Hang, Ta Ku Ling and Au Tau Stations.
101. The disastrous typhoon of September 2nd caused severe damage both to Government and private property, and to communications, cattle and crops. Losses among the fishing populations were extremely heavy. The most extensive damage
K 20
occurred in Tai Po District where the old Market was almost entirely demolished by an unprecedentedly high sea. Sha Tau Kok, Sha Tin and Sai Kung districts also suffered heavily. The total death roll exceeded 300 reported cases. The majority were unidentified, and were buried by Police. All ranks worked exceptionally well. One Officer received His Excellency the Governor's Commendation, two Officers were commended by the Commissioner of Police and 18 Officers received meritorious mention for rescue work and devotion to duty.
ESTABLISHMENT RETURN.
102. Return showing the Establishment and Casualties in the Force during the year 1937:-
Nationality.
Establishment of the Force.
Enlistments.
Deaths.
Europeans
267
Indians
817
15
15
1
5
4
2
57
6
14
18
7
Chinese
1,029 64
10
18
19
Water Police
255
19
4
6
5
5
...
Total 2,368 155 17
15
35
45
45
33
33
12
45
53
20
2 4 1 2
130
This number includes the Police paid by other Departments. also the Engineers, Coxswains, Stokers and Seamen, but it is exclusive of:
Inspector General of
Police and Deputy Inspector General of Police.
Superintendents.
Superintendents.
Assistant
Probationers.
Accountants.
Store Supervisor.
Storekeepers.
Police Secretary.
Stenographers.
Clerks, Shroffs.
Telephone Clerks.
Interpreters.
Messengers and Coolies.
N
со
2
a
2
1
37 10 79
154
- K 21
103. ACTUAL STRENGTH ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1987.
Europeans Indians.
Chinese.
Total.
Present
242
705
1,002
1,949
Sick or Absent on
leave
27
98
20
145
Excess over
Estimates
2
2
Vacancies
14
7
21
Total
269
803
1,022
2,094*
*Not including Water Police.
CONDUCT.
104. The conduct of the European Contingent was satisfac- tory. The total number of reports against them was 62 as against 51 in 1936.
The conduct of the Indian Contingent showed an improve-
There were 400 reports as against 519 in 1936.
inent.
The conduct of the Chinese Contingent (Cantonese) was satisfactory. There were 871 reports as against 1,201 in 1936.
The Conduct of the Chinese Contingent (Wei Hai Wei) was satisfactory. There were 122 reports as against 182 in 1936.
The conduct of the Water Police improved. There were 236 reports in 1937, compared with 435 in 1936.
2
HEALTH.
105. Admissions to hospitals during the past three years are as follows:
1935
1936
1937
Nationality.
Establish- Admis- Establish- Admis- Establish- Admis
ment.
sion.
ment.
sion.
ment.
sion.
Europeans
261
159
265
221
267
185
Indians
776
540
803
746
817
795
Chinese
978
322
1,014
389
1.029
273
K 22
108. The figures for fever among Police in the New Ter- ritories during the last four years are:
1934
1935
1936
1937
150 cases.
105 .
""
183
246
""
MUSKETRY COURSES.
107. The following table gives the results of the Musketry Courses fired during the year.
The following indicates the classification used:-
Marksmen 75%, 1st class 60%, 2nd class 50%. Failures- less than 50% of the total possible obtainable.
Results.
Contingent.
Month.
No. of
men
fired.
Marksmen.
1st Class.
2nd Class.
Failures.
Rounds used
(Approx.)
Europeans
Indians
Wei Hai Wei Indian Guards
January.
131 25 63 42 1
6,000
Cancelled owing to shortage of ammunition.
Russians
January.
12
2 6 4 Nil.
400
108. The following were the winners of the Rifle and Revolver Championship for the year 1937: --
European Rifle Championship...P.S.A. 130 Pennell.
Indian Rifle
22
...(Not fired owing to shortage
of ammunition).
Wei Hai Wei Rifle
European Revolver
Indian Revolver
...(Not fired owing to shortage
of ammunition).
...Inspector Hopkins.
...Sub-Inspector Ali Moham-
med.
Chinese & Wei Hai Wei,.........P.C.D. 263 Liang Ching Lin.
K 23
GREENER GUN COURSES.
109. Greener Gun Courses were held during the year with
the following results:-
No. of
Results.
Department. Month.
Rounds
men
fired.
Passed. Failed.
used.
Chinese
Water Police... March.
74
73
1
370
Police
Watchinen...... February. 315
305
10
945
WINCHESTER RIFLE COURSES.
Chinese
Water Police...August.
65
57
8
1,800
Police
Watchmen...
March.
315
272
43
*2,000
* Short Course.
REVOLVER COURSES.
110. The following Revolver Courses were fired during the
year. :—
Contingent.
Month.
No. of persons fired.
Results.
Rounds used Passed Failed (approx.)
June.
Europeans
229 including 10 Superintendents.
229 Nil.
7,000
December. 238 including 9 238 Nil.
7,300
Superintendents.
Russians
March. October.
42
Indians
May.
658
November.
661
Indian Guards
(April,
73
November.
69
Cantonese
(April,
660
August.
679
Wei Hai Wei
April.
248
August.
252
Water Police
April. {August.
65
65
** H* 38 ON 28 £2
A EN 90 22 28 se
Nil.
1,100
Nil.
1,100
658 Nil.
17,100
661 Nil.
17,100
71
67
22
1,900
1,850
659 1
17,100
679
Nil.
17,300
248
Nil.
6,000
251
1
6,000
65 Nil.
1,600
65 Nil.
1,600
K 24
111. REVOLVER COURSES (OTHER DEPARTMENTS).
Results.
No. of
Rounds
Department. Month.
Men
used.
fired.
Passed. Failed.
District
Watchmen..... May
99
96
3
2,400
N.B.-1. No other Departments fired as Musketry was discontinued owing to duties being engaged in Japanese protection work.
2. The third course for all Contingents, i.e. Officers who failed to reach 1st Class Marksman's in the first and second course, (approximately 60%), did not fire.
BISLEY MEETING.
112. Members of the Police Force entered in several Team and Individual events at the Second Bisley Meeting of the Hong Kong Rifle Association, held in April 1937..
113. Results were generally successful, police winning altogether 3 silver cups, 14 silver and bronze medals and 17 cash prizes.
114. Outstanding successes were gained in the Revolver competitions, the Individual Revolver Championship being won by Sergeant Perkins.
POLICE TRAINING SCHOOL.
115. During the year the following number of recruits were passed out of the School:-
European Police
Prob. Chinese Sub-Inspectors
Indian Police
Cantonese Police
Wei-hai-wei Police
Russian Police
Seamen
15
9
60
55
3
13
7
District Watchmen
116. Eight promotion examinations were held in 1937.
K 25
117. Special training was given to eighteen Chinese Proba- tionary detectives. One hundred and eighty-five "D" Contingent Anti-Piracy Guards were given "Refresher Course". Three members of Emergency Unit Reserve and forty-four Indian and Chinese members of the Police Reserve were trained in knowledge of Police Duties and thirty-three passed. The remaining four- teen continue their course in 1938. Ten members of the "E" (Russian) Contingent returned to P.T.S. for a "Refresher Course". Three "E" (Russian) Constables underwent a course in "English Colloquial” and all qualified. All members of the Force were trained in Anti Gas drill.
FIRST AID.
118. The following table shows the number of men in each Contingent who attended First Aid Classes and obtained 1st and 2nd Certificates during the year ending 31st December, 1937:-
Contingent.
First Certificate.
Second Certificate,
Europeans
24
25
Indians
52
61
Cantonese
49
53
Wei-hai-wei
20
Total
125
159
119. The following shows the number of men in each Contingent who have qualified in First Aid or otherwise on or before 31st December, 1937:-
Continuing
1st
Contingent. Total
2nd Certs. Certs.
3rd
instruction
Certs.
in 1938.
Europeans
304
120
180
3
1
Indians
911
289
562
60
Cantonese
836
313
486
37
Wei-hai-wei
320
184
126
10
Total
2,371
906 1,354
3
108
K 26
AIR RAID PRECAUTIONS.
120. The following shows the total number of men who were trained in Anti Gas Course before or during 1937:
Total Qualified Qualified Strength. in 1936. in 1937.
Not yet
Total.
Qualified.
Europeans
262
215
32
247
15
*Indians
853
250
175
425
428
+Chinese
1,393
368
658
1,026
367
Female
Searchers
22
4
4
8
14
Messengers
& Station
Coolies
154
36
20
56
98
Total
2,684
873
889
1,762
922
* Includes Indian Special & Anti Piracy Guards.
+ Includes Clerks, Interpreters, Telephone Clerks, Wireless operators, Members of the Water Police and European & Chinese cooks on Police launches.
121. The course of training is spread over four days. The first three days are occupied with instruction in characteristics and effects of Gases, respirators and their use, protective equipment, decontamination of clothing and allied matters. On the fourth day the candidates are tested by a European officer, and given practical demonstration in a Gas filled chamber.
The nature of War Gases and their effects has been included in all First Aid lectures to Police. The Anti Gas Course has also been included as part of the training for recruits at the Police Training School.
LIFE SAVING CLASSES.
122. Instructional classes in Life Saving were held during the summer with successful results.
123. The Commodore again kindly granted facilities for practices and tests to be held off Stonecutters Island.
Contingents.
European
Indian
RESULTS.
Certificate & Bronze Medallion.
4
12
Total
16
K 27
124. The total number of officers now holding Awards for proficiency in Life Saving are:-
Chinese Indian
Europeans Indians Chinese
Police Reserve
Police Reserve
Total
39
95
15
9
6
164
GUARDS OFFICE.
125. Return showing the Establishment and Casualties during the year.
Nationality.
Establishment.
Russian Guards,
Indian Special Guards . ·74+
Chinese (Wei Hai Wei)
Guards
Indian Police Watchmen
122
Chinese (Cantonese)
Watchmen
Total
Enlistment.
Death.
Resignation.
Dismissal.
41*
3
2
242
23
I
84
3
52
1223
152
3
8
39
Į
2
Invalided.
Total Casualties.
Strength on 31.12.1936.
2
25
25
222 223
42
73
126
8
4
67
443
50
137
263
6 85
47
6
144
821
*Includes three attached to C.I.D., P.H.Q.
+ Interchangeable with and drawn from regular duties.
No fixed establishment; recruited as required.
126. Anti Piracy Work: Twenty-six units of Anti Piracy Guards of One European Sergeant and nine Indian Special Guards were supplied to the British India Steam Navigation Company and nine units to the Indo China Steam Navigation Company, on the Hong Kong-Singapore run.
127. Ten units of one British Sergeant and twelve Russian Guards were supplied to the Canadian Pacific Steamship Com- pany on the Hong Kong-Shanghai run.
-K 28-
128. During the annual overhaul of the Canadian Pacific vessels, the Russian Guards normally employed by the Company were drafted temporarily to the Police Training School for refresher courses.
129. The China Navigation Company retained permanent guards of one Russian Sergeant and six Wei-hai-wei Guards on 18 vessels between Shanghai, Hong Kong and Singapore. This Company retained altogether 20 units for this work to enable reliefs to be carried out.
130. The Indo-China Steam Navigation Company retained permanent guards of one Russian Sergeant and four Wei-hai-wei men each on two vessels between Hong Kong and Shanghai.
MENDICANTS.
131. During the year, 2,903 mendicants were dealt with by the Police, and repatriated at a cost of $1,685.00 Of this number, 584 were charged and convicted before the Courts.
132. The figures for the past five yaers were:
1933
1934
1935 1936 1937
Dealt with
774
665
654
902
2,903
Convicted
619
295
259
596
584
Banished
80
80
99
99
32
Of the total number sent away 264 were traced as having been sent away previously.
In addition to above, 32 persistent beggars were banished from the Colony for 10 years.
DEAD BODIES.
133. The following table shows the number of unknown dead bodies found by Police in the streets and elsewhere during the last five years:
Locality.
1933
1934 1935 1936 1937
Victoria
357
289
214
270
327
Kowloon
881
679
708
690
856
Harbour
47
27
52
46
69
Elsewhere
62
61
64
85
101
Total
1,347 1,056
1,038
1,091
1,353
- K 29
Sex.
1933 1934
1935
1936
1937
Male
15
19
4
4
Adults.
Female
10
3
2
5
1
Unknown
1
1
{Male
722
564
544
573
745
Children. Female
558
444
444
480
574
Unknown
41
26
44
28
28
Total
1,347 1,056 1,038
1,091 1,353
DOGS AND RABIES.
134. As a precaution against rabies, the muzzling order was rigidly enforced throughout the year.
rabies in Tai Po, New Territory.
There were two cases of
1936.
1937.
Hong Kong| New
& Kowloon Territory]
Total
Hong Kong| New & Kowloon Territory
Total
Dogs licensed
3,093
497 3,590
2,709
417
3,126
Dogs licensed (free).
40
260
300
42
179
221
Dogs impounded
69
69
Dogs destroyed
56
197
253
88888
88
83
233
316
LICENCES.
135. Table VII shows the number of different licences issued during the year.
TRAFFIC.
136. The following prosecutions were instituted under the Traffic Regulations (Section 3—Ordinance 40 of 1912):
Year
Prosecu- Convic- With
Dis- tions. tions. drawn. charged.
Remanded.
Total amount of fines.
1937 6,908 6,474
1936 7,679
237
125
72
$27,214.55
7,241
290
113
35
$28,238.45
MANSLAUGHTER.
1937
1
1936
1
ลง
1
1
K 30
137. The total number of persons examined as Motor Drivers during the year was 860 as against 1,036 in the year 1936. The total number of persons passed as Motor Drivers during the year was 811 as against 869 in the year 1936.
138. The total number of accidents reported during the year was 2,589 as against 2,483 in the year 1936. The total number of persons killed was 81 as against 75 in the year 1936.
139. The total number of Public Motor Vehicles examined and passed fit for public use during the year was 4,713 as against 4,458 in the year 1936. The total number of Public Motor Vehicles examined and found unfit for public use during the year was 652 as against 500 in the year 1936.
140. The total number of Commerical Motor Vehicles examined and passed fit for commercial use during the year was 7,698 as against 7,400 in the year 1936. The total number of Commercial Motor Vehicles examined and found unfit for commercial use during the year was 1,395 as against 1,876 in the year 1936.
141. The total number of motor driver's licences suspended during the year was 71 as against 107 in the year 1936. The total number of motor driver's licences cancelled during the year was 3 as against 7 in the year 1936.
142. During 1937 the following amendments to existing traffic regulations were made:-
(1) A 30 M.P.H. speed limit was made in built up areas. (2) Queen's Road, except between Arsenal Street and
Murray Road, was made a 20 M.P.H. control.
(3) Silent Zones were commenced.
(4) A 2 hour limit was made for certain car parks.
(5) Motor licence fees were increased.
POLICE MOTOR VEHICLES.
143. The number of Police Motor Vehicles is as follows:
Motor Vans (including 2 motor dog vans)... 11
Motor Cars
Combinations (Motor Cycles)
Solo Motor Cycles
5
9
14
144. Table VIII gives a classification of vehicles accidents
and their causes.
-K 31.
EMERGENCY UNITS.
145. The Emergency Units in Hong Kong and Kowloon were kept busy throughout the year.
The Sino-Japanese situation called for many extra duties and special picquets.
146. The Emergency Unit (Hong Kong) increased its establishment by two squads of Indians (making a total of seven squads instead of five), on taking over the Gaol Clearing Station on the 27th of September, 1937. This is the administra- tive block of the old Victoria Gaol. The whole of the Emergency Unit (Hong Kong) is now quartered there. In addition to its ordinary duties, the Unit supplies Guards and Escorts for convicted prisoners to Hong Kong Prison at Stanley.
147. The Calls and Fees for the Hong Kong and Kowloon Units increased considerably from the previous year.
Calls. Fees collected.
Year.
Hong Kong Unit
1936
95
$2,893.00
Hong Kong Unit.
1937
139
$4,059.50
Kowloon Unit
1936
73
$2,127.50
Kowloon Unit
1937
141
$3,494.50
MEDALS.
148. His Excellency the Governor was pleased to award medals and commendations to members of the Force for long or meritorious services as under:
Colonial Police Long Service Medal
30
Colonial Police Long Service Medal:-
1st Bar
15
2nd Bar
4
Hong Kong Police Silver Medal
1
His Excellency the Governor's Commenda-
tion
2
149. The following Annexes are appended:-
A. Report on the Water Police,
B. Report on the Police Reserve,
C. Report on the Street Boys Club,
D. Report on the Remand Home for Juvenile
Offenders (Boys),
E. Report on the Remand Home for Juvenile
Offenders (Girls).
1938.
T. H. KING,
Commissioner of Police.
- K 32
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1936 AND 1937.
1936.
Personal Emoluments*
$2,357,419
1937.
$2,577,894
Other Charges.
Ammunition
12.688
14,349
Upkeep of Arins
4,101
2,878
Bedding
3,463
4,926
Burial of Destitute dead
226
364
Cleansing Materials and Washing
361
207
Clothing and Accoutrements
75,145
80,775
Coal and Gas
32,506
Coal for Barracks
9,709
Conveyance allowances
9,665
10,375
Coolie Hire
2,362
2,409
Disinfectants
1,765
1,759
Expenses of Anti-Piracy Guards
26,953
21,353
Grants to Villages in N.T. in aid of
Village Scout Scheme
480
480
Identification of Criminals
165
196
Incidental Expenses
4,606
6,500
Interpretation fees
161
146
Light and Electric Fans
54,082
33,595
Medals
170
635
Mess Utensils
913
462
Passages
92,989
130,399
Petrol Oil etc. for Police Motor Cars
and Cycles
9,186
8,581
Photography
3,926
3,695
Rations for Indian Police
58,109
61,730
Remand Home for Juvenile Offenders
5,318
4,811
Rent of Stations and Married Police
Quarters
30,339
24,879
Repairs to Police Motor Cars and
Cycles
4,972
7,008
Rewards
7,585
4,090
Secret Service
11,356
14,014
Small Stores
6,881
7,357
Special Course of Instruction
231
318
Subsistence of Prisoners
5,034
6,447
Telegrams and long distance telephone
calls
759
503
Telephones
698
Transport
15,261
11,061
$
458,961
$
499,506
*Includes Officers of Cadet, S.C. & A. & J.C. Services.
-K 33.
Table I.-Continued.
1936.
Special Expenditure.
Safety First Campaign
846
Spare parts for 3 Pdr. Guns
Police Telephone Pillar
Tear Gas Equipment
Typewriters
25 .38 Short Revolvers
明
1937.
2,095
1,779
Revision Water Police Mannual
200
Motor Transport New Territories
13,359
Police Van
4,328
80 303 Rifles & Bayonets
8,113
35 303 Rifles & Bayonets
3,046
Anti Gas Equipment
77
7,489
Total Special Expenditure
14,258
32,296
Total Police Department
.$ 2,830,638
$ 3,109,696
K 34
Table II.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1936. AND 1937.
HEAD OF REVENUE COLLECTED BY POLICE DEPARTMENT.
1936.
Duties.
Motor Spirit
6,602
1937.
7,496
Licences and Internal Revenue.
Arms Licences
25,955
23,460
Auctioneers Licences
2,150
1,350
Billiard Table Licences
800
1,300
Dangerous Goods Licences
18,147
20,325
Dogs Licences
17,452
22,710
Forfeitures
2,562
2,785
Game Licences
4,200
4,625
Liquor Licences, N.T.
3,740
4,300
Marine Store Dealers' Licences
9,910
10,080
Miscellaneous Licences
7,690
8,215
Money Changers' Licences
15,130
15,780
Pawnbroker Licences
148,530
159,875
Theatrical Licences
4,216
5,398
Vehicles, Motor Licences
183,509
280,934
Vehicles, Motor Drivers Licences
46,062
49,080
Vehicles, Other Licences
46,331
61,313
Vehicles, Other Drivers Licences
2,265
2,352
Vehicles, Motor Special Licensing
Fee, Foreign Registration
33,849
58,989
Fees of Court or Office, &c.
Blake Pier Tickets
289
137
Contributions for Anti-Piracy Escorts.
119,527
128,710
Film Censoring Fees
5,604
5,504
Miscellaneous Fees
8,431
8,985
Motor Ambulance Fees
7,730
10,700
Official Signature Fees
9,080
9,370
Police and other Stores
2,420
1,147
Police Services
13,817
17,237
Sick Stoppages from Police Force
3,907
4,694
Watchmen's Ordinance
11,018
12,480
Miscellaneous Receipts.
Condemned Stores, &c.
4,117
2,880
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
5,045
2,347
Overpayments in previous years
2,649
849
$ 772,734
$ 945,857
K 35
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF POLICE DEPARTMENT FOR LAST TEN YEARS.
*Personal Emoluments
•
Year.
and other
Special Expenditure.
Total Expenditure.
Total
Revenue.
Charges.
1922
1,994,940
110,899
2,105,839
448,772
1929
2,027,717
57,247
2,084,964
463,148
1930
2,714,291
38,404
2,752,695
487,169
1931
2,950,698
13,921
2,964,619
613,883
1932
2,684,983
27,255
2,712,239
706,387
1933
2,813,617
22,915
2,836,532
697,684
1934
2,776,379
31,670
2,808,049
903,258
1935
2,425,442.
. 10,330
2,435,772
860,629
1936
2,816,380
14,258
2,830,638
772,734
1937
3,077,400
32,296
3,109.696
945,357
*Includes Officers of Cadet, S.C & A., & J.C., Services
attached to Department.
Year.
Hong Kong
Deportees.
Gaol Discharges.
Singapore Deportees.
Sarawak
""
Singapore Vagrants.
Table IV.
DEPORTATION OFFICE ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR, 1937.
1936
1937
2,953 6,294
649
649
37
2,569 9,297 646
6
511
127
6.
536
115
4
Increase
3,003
25
Decrease
384
3
28
12
N
Dutch East Indies & Deli Undésirables.
Rangoon Deportees.
2
1
Mauritius Deportees.
D
Sandakan Deportees.
393
3586
I
974-
431
123
2,903
1,400
158
1,929
696
35
Ocean Island
Deportees.
Asiatic Petroleum
Co. Labourers.
Mendicants.
Hong Kong
order of the Court.
Persons sent away by
Hong Kong Police
Supervisees.
Total number of persons dealt with for 1936
12,141
Total number of persons dealt with for 1937
17,714
General Increase
5,573
Ex-Soldiers of 19th
Route Army.
- K 36-
SERIOUS OFFENCES.
1936.
- K 37
Table V.
A.-SERIOUS OFFENCES.
YEARLY RETURN OF CRIME FOR THE WHOLE COLONY FOR THE YEAR of 1937.
1937.
% Charge cases to total.
Europeans.
Indians.
CONVICTED.
PERSONS
Chinese.
PERSONS
DISCHARGED.
Europeans.
Indians.
Chinese.
€A
VALUE OF VALUE OF
PROPERTY
STOLEN.
PROPERTY
RECOVERED
Arms
60
64
391
13
52
Assault (Serious)
44
4
48
17
1
25%
18 5.5%
31
16
17
2
Assault with intent to rob
91
9
5
5 100%
4
2.
Burglary
57
80
137
106)
155
261 59%
127
1. 28,251.08
4,371.19
Coinage Offences
70
701
22
22 100%
24
1
Deportation
848
848
742
742 100%
727
14
Embezzlement
19
39
58
18
32
50
64%
1
16
44,740.55
House and Godown breaking
98
126
224
145
165
310
53%
174
3 19,265.06
820.00
5,002.07
Intimidation and Extortion
2
3
3 100%
3
1
Kidnapping
81
11
11 100%
12
Larceny
4,395
2,207
6,602
6,197
3,330
9,527 34%
3 6,378
2
Larceny from Dwelling house
51
189
240
64
350
414 83%
1
67
Larceny on Ships and Wharf
90
74
· 164
130
96
226 42%
1
137
Manslaughter
1
7
11
2
13
15%
7
Murder
11
16
9
5
14 35%
7
Murder (attempted)
1
1
2
50%
1
Obtaining by False Pretences
110
16
126
140
34
174 19%
134
Receiving
258
258
366
366 100%
328
229 200,840.26
3 91,505.87] 16,828.14 613,889.72 2,669.92
6. 1,600.00
12 16,124:78 962.90 70
51,768.07
Robbery
19
37
56
40
57
97 58%
42
35 37,392.70 4,519.75
Women and Girls
4
4
3!
3 100%
2
1
Other Serious Offences
81
16
97
100
241
124 19%
~
94
2
30 77,580.28 28,887.00
Total
6,234
2,804 9,038
8,169
4,265 12,434|
8
9 8,332
10
· 3
435 531,190.30 115,829.04
C.
MINOR OFFENCES.
*
1936
K 38
Table V.
B.-MINOR OFFENCES.
YEARLY RETURN OF CRIME FOR THE WHOLE COLONY FOR THE YEAR OF 1937.
Charged Cases.
Cases without charge.
Total Cases.
1937.
Charged Cases.
Cases without
charge.
Total Cases.
% Charge cases to total.
Europeans.
Indians.
Chinese.
PERSONS CONVICTED.
Europeans.
PERSONS
DISCHARGED.
Indians.
Chinese..
*A
VALUE OF VALUE OF PROPERTY STOLEN.
PROPERTY RECOVERED
Assault
Brought forward
Damage to Property
6,234
2,804
668
9,038 668
8,169
4,265 12,434)
8
9 8,332
5
3
435 531,190.30 115,829.04
563
563
32
32
43
43
72
2 842
79
47
3
Dangerous Goods
27
27
26
26
31
2
Drunkenness
11
11
26
26
21
5
Forestry Offences
1,184
1,184
3,026
3,026
3,238
44
Gambling
182
182
292
292
2,912
41
Hawking Offences
-26,075
26,075
29,986
29,986
29,490
518
Lottery Offences
103
103
71
71
78
3
Mendicants
1,156
1,156
1,062
1,062
1,067
37
Merchant Shipping Ordinance
524
524
534
534
2
1,180
34
Morphine
479
479
425
425
1
399
140
Nuisances
605
605
626
626
667
31
Opium
I
885
885
640
640
776
48
Revenue
1,042
1,042
972
972
998
74
Rogue and Vagabond
181
181
321
321
31
349
24
Stowaways
26
26
29
29
11
1
36
1
Unlawful Possession
344
344
504
504
491
51
Vagrants
18
18
33
33
32
Vehicle and Traffic
2,288
2,288
2,209
2,209
2223
6
12
2,215
9
Women and Girls
759
7591
795
795
791
14
Other Miscellaneous Offences
960
960
1,105
1,105
81
6 1,131
57
Total
37,549
37,549 43,288
43,288
170
22 46,743
5
10
Grand Total
43,783
2,804 46,587 51,457 4,265 55,722
178
31 55,075
10
2 1,210
5 1,645 531,190.30 115,829.04
C. $5
C.
- K 39
Arms seized.
Origin.
Description of Arms.
Table VI.
ARMS AND AMMUNITION SEIZED AND CONFISCATED DURING 1937.
In Store on 31.12.37.
Ammunition
Origin.
seized.
Arms.
Ammunition.
Winchester Rifles
Rifles (Various)
Shot Gun
2
HHNN
1
American
4
1
American
32
French
Unknown
110
Unknown
94
Unknown
Air Gun
German Rifles
Chinese
N
Mauser Pistols
German
German
2
399
German
27
Auto Pistols
1
German
1
German
34
1
French
99 Rds.
1
Belgium
2
Unknown
72
Revolvers (Various)
4
Belgium
455
Unknown
Belgium
30
French
2
Spanish
Unknown
565
Unknown
4
American
1,867
American
250
British
P
84
Lugar Pistols
Thompson Sub-Machine Gun..
Lewis Gun, Savage
- K 40
Table VII.
The following table shows the number of licences issued during the years 1936 and 1937:-
Arms
Arms Dealers
Auctioneers
Auctioneers (Temporary)
Billiard Tables and Bowling Alleys
Conductors
Dance Halls
1936.
1937.
1,516
1,446
9
3
2
14
6
3
4
....
341
305
6
7
Dance Halls (Temporary)
1
5
Dangerous Goods
1,280
1,419
Game
197
180
Marine Stores
27
27
Massage Establishments
13
11
Money Changers
157
161
Motor Cars (Livery)
493
523
Motor Cars (Private)
3,267
3,463
Motor Vans and Lorries
689
706
Motor Car International Permits
9
5
Motor Drivers (Cars and Cycles)
8,156
8,599
Motor Drivers (International)
254
290
Motor Cycles
284
233
Pawnbrokers
65
68.
Places of Public Entertainment
80
Poisons
106
156
Printing Presses
261
268
Private Chairs
38
59
Private Jinrickshas
364
278
Public Chairs
280
250
Public Jinrickshas
1,026
965
Tricycles
993
1,129
Trucks
15
16
Vehicle Drivers and Bearers
7,788
7,983
Cause of Accident.
K 41
Table VIII,
CLASSIFIED TABLE OF CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS LEADING TO THE INJURY OF P
Motor Buses.
Private Cars.
Public Cars.
نسر
Motor Lorries.
Tram Cars.
Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowl
F.N.F. F. N.F. F. N.P. F. N.F. F. N.F. F.N.F.
F. N.F. F. N.F.
F.
N.F. F.N
8 13
122 4
39
2.
Walking or running in front
of a moving vehicle
6
17
I
Leaving or boarding a moving
vehicle.
1
11
10
5
71
Stepping off footway.
1
3 1
10
Passing behind
a moving
vehicle
1
Falling from a vehicle
Running across streets
Playing games on streets
1
14
1
13 1
1
18
6
ลง
2
1
Į
14
12
2
72 1
40
1
Passengers on vehicle injured
in accident ·
1
[
1
1 2
9
I
I
|
1
*
43
6 4 38
4
18
7
47
7
4
3
11
7
33333
Drivers of vehicle injured in
accident
Other Causes
Q
7
(a) 1 (f)1 (2) 1
(b) 1 (g)1 (i) 2
Total accidents involving in-
juries
8
51 7
105
12
229 8 123
2
82
Total accidents (fatal, invol-
ving injury and without
256
1,032
injury)
276
1
12
|
Co
6
86
2
-
12
4
2
11
3
245
24
1
1
-
1
1
1
I
-
7
1
1
2
(c)
(d)
2 (h)1 (
2
223
21 11
79
13
70 13
135
518
194
1
}
}
!
(a) A motor bus mounted pavement, injuring two Chinese males.
(b) One private car mounted footpath, injuring 1 Chinese male and a female.
(c) A Chinese male was injured when he was jammed between a moving motor lorry and a st
(d) Four Chinese males were injured when a motor lorry overturned.
(e) A bicycle ran into a side channel, injuring two children sitting there.
(1) A Chinese male was crushed and fatally injured between the rear of a motor bus and a ;
(g) One rickshaw coolie whilst sitting on his rickshaw was fatally injured during a collision (h) A motor lorry mounted pavement, killing a child sitting alone there.
(i) Four persons when squatting in side channels were struck and injured by a motor lorry, (1) Que lorry passenger was struck and injured by branches of a tree when the lorry was pas
-K 41-
Table VIII.
NG TO THE INJURY OF PEDESTRIANS OR PASSENGERS IN VEHICLES.
otor Lorries.
Tram Cars.
Motor Cycles.
Pedal Cycles.
Rickshaws.
Totals.
Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon
Hong Kong
Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon
N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F.
F. N.F. F. N.F.
F.
N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F. Fatal.
Non-Fatal.
38
4
18 7 47
1
11
T
7 6
7
86
1
1
17
1
9 2
25
29
29
1
3
2
2
2
2
1
12
4
Q
co
6
11 3
24
1
3
2
3
1
20
1
7
1
1
1
Q
2 (h)1
2
2
2
37
425
12
176
3
74
1
27
10
22
6
237
7
1
2
3
27
10
8
19
1
47
12
(e) 1
79 13 70 13
135
34
23 2
518
194
85
599
56
1
89
206
males.
nale and a female.
en a moving motor lorry and a stationary one.
verturned.
n sitting there.
1 the rear of a motor bus and a garage wall.
fatally injured during a collision between a private car and a motor bus.
ng alone there.
ck and injured by a motor lorry, 2 private cars and 1 motor bus.
of a tree when the lorry was passing under it.
155
I
2
2
112
3
10
La
5
(c) 77
1,117
10
}
23
22
2,589
(c) In the 77 fatal accidents, 81 persons were killed.
K 42
Annexe A.
REPORT ON THE WATER POLICE.
1. The following return shows the establishment and casualties of the Water Police during the year 1937:-
Nationality.
Chinese
255 19
4 6
10
5
5 20
CONDUCT.
2. The conduct of the Chinese Staff of the Water Police was good. There were 236 reports in 1937 as compared with 435 reports in 1936.
There were 142 men against whom no defaulter reports were made during 1937.
ACCIDENTS.
As a
3. There were seventeen accidents involving Police Launches during 1937 as compared with sixteen in 1936. Seven of these were trifling, damage being negligible. In four cases it was found that Water Police Officers were not to blame. result of enquiries held by the Harbour Master, one European, four Coxswains and two Engineers were dealt with depart- mentally.
All the harbour launches with the exception of No. 14 sustained some damage during the typhoon of September 2nd, 1937. The crews behaved with courage and presence of mind, and managed to prevent any of the launches becoming total wrecks. They were commended by the Commissioner of Police.
CRUISING LAUNCHES.
4. During the year, No. 1 Launch underwent annual overhaul.
ļ
K 43
5. No. 2 Launch underwent a very extensive refit and was placed on the Tai Po Beat, replacing the old No. 1B Launch which has been transferred to the Harbour Department. All cruising launches escaped without damage in the typhoon of September 2nd, except No. 3 Launch which received very slight damage in collision with the S.S. Yuet On off Tsun Wan. No. 1 Launch was able to give assistance in taking off passengers and crew of S.S. "Kwang Chow" when she stranded on Chau Kung Island during the typhoon.
6. All Cruising Launches are now equipped with wireless and armed with 3 pdr. Guns.
HARBOUR LAUNCHES.
7. All six harbour launches are giving efficient service. All are fitted with search-lights, with the exception of No. 7 which is mainly used by Anti-Piracy searching staff.
8. Three beat launches and one General Patrol launch were kept in service day and night during the greater part of the year.
MOTOR BOATS.
9. Nos. 10 and 12 motor boats are giving good service on Special Harbour duties. No. 11 motor boat has proved very valuable on Shum Chun River patrol. Nos. 15 and 18 are stationed at Sai Kung and Tai O respectively. All motor boats are in good condition.
MUSKETRY.
10. A half yearly Machine Gun Course was fired on the four Cruising Launches. The 3 pounder guns crew of all cruising launches fired one 3 pounder course. Good results were obtained in these courses. Greener Guns and Winchester Rifles are supplied to cruising launches. The crews were trained regularly in the use of these arms, and fired an annual course in both with good results.
11. The Departament is indebted to the courtesy of the Naval Authorities for assistance in maintenance, supervision and practice with 3 pounder guns.
- K 44 -
Annexe B.
HONG KONG POLICE RESERVE (1937).
1. The organisation of the Hong Kong Police Reserve has remained unchanged during the year.
2. Strength. The strength of the Force shows an increase over the figures for the previous year, the total being 227. The various units are shown below, with comparison of the 1936 figures.
1936.
1937.
Chinese Company
76
85
Indian Company
72
75
Flying Squad
28
33
Emergency Unit Reserve
28
34
Total
204
227
3. The number of resignations received during the year, for various reasons totalled 17, the number of members struck off the strength totalled 1, and deaths nil, a grand total of 18. The number of new members enlisted was 41.
4. Appointments.-Mr. Abbas Khan, J.P., was appointed Hon. Commissioner Indian Company on 22nd November, 1937.
Mr. Feroz Ali was appointed Assistant Superintendent of Police (R) and to be in command of the Indian Company on 25th March, 1937.
5. Riot Van.-The-Riot Van was in constant use throughout the year in connection with training, and was on loan to the Regular Police for most of the time.
6. Commendations:-
Chinese Company.
P.C.R. 36 Ho Iu Nam-Three Commendations and One
Commended Service.
P.C.R. 20 Leung On Tai-Two Commendations.
P.C.R. 23 Kong Ka Yan-Commendation.
P.C.R. 5 Woo How Ching--Commendation.
L.S.R. 74 Albert W. L. Chong-Commendation.
Indian Company.
- K 45
P.S.R. 204 Abdul Karim-Commendation.
P.C.R. 211 S. Aras-Comnendation.
P.C.R. 223 Firdos Khan-Commendation.
P.C.R. 236 M. S. Dillon-Coinmendation.
P.C.R. 253 Mohamed Ahsan-Two Commendations and One
Commended Service Bar.
Flying Squad.
P.C.R. 303 D. Young-Commendation.
Emergency Unit, Reserve.
Inspector (R) M. V. Field-Commendation.
7. Training.-Training was continued on similar lines as in previous years, and it is satisfactory to record improved attend-
ance.
8. Special Training.-Gas Course, Search Patrols, Riot Drills and Defendu. The above special training were given to members of the Hong Kong Police Reserve by P.S.A. 190 Taylor and Inspector (R) M. V. Field.
9. Duties. Duties have been performed from time to time as auxiliary to the Regular Police, and Contingents have been supplied on the usual ceremonial occasions. Many other duties have also been performed i.e. H. M. the King's Birthday Review, and at the Annual Race Meeting.
- K 46
Annexe C.
ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STREET BOYS' CLUB FOR 1937.
1. The total membership at the end of December, 1937, was eleven. All the members are in regular employment with the exception of Lai Chiu who was formerly employed in the Police Store.
2. During the year, one member resigned, two absconded and two left the Club on marriage.
3. Four new members joined the club during the year.
4. Mr. Fu Fan Kau, the Club school teacher in English and Chinese, continued his keen interest and the members have shown their appreciation by good attendances at the classes during the year, though there was a slight falling off during the last two months.
5. During the summer months the members were taken to the Y.M.C.A. matshed, North Point, for swimming classes. The officials of the Y.M.C.A. kindly gave them the use of their club premises. Unfortunately the matshed was completely destroyed by the typhoon. An application was made to the Committee of the Chung Sing Bathing Club, Kennedy Town, for the use of their club and this was kindly granted. The members availed themselves of this opportunity and twice weekly the classes were well attended.
6. All the members who attended the swimming classes were able to swim.
7. Six members entered for the 50 yards race, open to Messengers and Street Boys' Club, at the Annual Police Aquatic Sports held at the Victoria Recreation Club on
on the 11th of September, 1937. The first two places were taken by members of the Club.
8. To commemorate the Coronation the members were granted expenses for a day's outing at Repulse Bay on June the 15th.
9. Lo Shu Wan, a member of the Club, was commended by Mr. Schofield at the Central Magistracy on the 8th of August, 1937, for his capture of a Chinese male Chan Yau at Connaught Road West near Western Street. The man was sentenced to two months H.L. for Larceny and Lo Shu Wan was granted a reward $10.00 by the Commissioner of Police.
10. The Chinese Y.M.C.A. again placed their Gymnasium at the disposal of the Club. Through the kind offices of the Directorate Games, drill and gymnastic classes were held twice weekly (except during the swimming season).
7
-K 47-
11. During the year, Mr. T. H. King, Mr. C. G. Perdue, Mr. A. R. S. Major and Mr. P. Grant paid periodical visits to the Club. Mr. Ho Chung U, Juvenile Probation Officer, visited the Club frequently and held discussions with the members.
12. During the year, gifts of cakes and fruits were frequent- ly received from many persons who maintain an interest in the Club. These gifts were highly appreciated by the boys.
13. The Club is in a good state of repair at present.
14. The members show a regrettable lack of interest in the Savings Bank. Some earn fair wages, but they make no attempt to save.
K 48
Annexe D.
REMAND HOME FOR JUVENILE OFFENDERS (Boys).
1. During the year 1,114 boys were sent into the Remand Home for the offences enumerated below:
Sentenced
Offence.
Arrested.
to
Detention.
Hawking
690
102
Larceny
206
65
Tobacco (Smuggling)
18
Opium and Heroin Pills
17
Selling Firework
1
Breach of Traffic Regulations
8
Gambling
10
Assaults
8
Wine Smuggling
Stowaways
2
Unlawful possession
10
Begging
44
15
Loitering
Breach of Forestry Regulations
Trespassing
Destitute and Wandering
Burglary, Housebreaking and Storebreaking.
Disorderly Conduct
Breach of Yaumati Ferry Regulations
7
1
1
2
1
27
~~~ || | || | °
3
Earth Removing Without Permit
Found in Enclosed Premises
Receiving Stolen Property
Enquiries
False Testimony
Committing a Nuisance
Importing Unmanifested Cargo
Counterfeit Coins
False Pretences
Wilful Damage to Remand Home Property.
Demanding Money with Menaces
Loitering with Bad Characters
14
26
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1.
Total
.1,114
221
2. Of the 1,114 boys, 93 were dealt with as adults; one was transferred to Victoria Gaol; twenty-three were sent to Aberdeen Industrial School; and six were sent to the China Youths Society. On 705 occasions boys were remanded back to the Home for enquiries by the Probation Officers. Eight boys were serving a second term of Detention in the Home, and one boy for begging, served a fifth term in the Home. The general conduct of the boys was good. There were three attempts at escape during the year.
- K 49
3. The health of the boys generally was good. The follow- ing is the record of illness for the year:
Admitted to Hospital
Treated at the Home
19
58
470 boys were vaccinated, and 295 were inoculated against cholera, during the year. The Medical Officer visited the Home weekly and oftener as necessary.
4. Ninety-two boys were instructed in rattan-work during the year.
5. During the year a a number of ladies and gentlemen visited the Home at various times. Visitors included the following ladies and gentlemen connected with the Society for the Protection of Children:
Mrs. N. L. Sinith,
Mrs. J. Middleton-Smith,
Mrs. D. S. Robb,
Mrs. A. S. Gubbay,
Mr. G. P. de Martin,
Mr. J. T. Prior.
In special cases visits of parents of the boys were aiso permitted.
6. Mr. Cheung Lo Kau of the Chinese Y.M.C.A. visits the Home on Wednesdays and gives religious instruction to the boys. The two Probation Officers also give one hour's instruc- tion each week.
1 Chinese Lance
7. The staff of the Home includes Sergeant and 7 Chinese Constables. They escort the boys to and from the Courts, and when not so engaged, look after the boys in the Home and help to teach in the School. All these Police officers have long service and their conduct during the year was good.
8. The Probation Officers are mainly engaged in making enquiries about boys on remand, and in visiting boys on proba- tion. The Probation Officers make their reports personally to the Magistrates in charge of the Juvenile Courts.
K 50
Annexe E.
REMAND HOME FOR JUVENILE OFFENDERS (Girls).
1. 355 girls juvenile offenders were admitted to the Home during the year for the following offences:-
Hawking Mendicancy
In Possession of Opium & Heroin Pills In Possession of Dutiable Tobacco
In Possession of Dutiable Liquor Breach of Forestry Regulations Larceny
Coining Offence
Destitute & Wandering
Enquiries
In Possession of Dangerous Drugs
Receiving Stolen Money
Polluting Public Drinking Water Removing Pig-Wash during Prohibited.
Hours
Soliciting for Immoral Purposes
Removing Night Soil during Prohibted
Hours
Trespassing
Attempted Suicide
Total
263
8
12
6
1
2
14
4
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
355
2. Of this number, 24 were dealt with as adults, 4 trans- ferred to the Salvation Army Home and 69 were ordered Detention by the Magistrate for the following offences:-
Hawking
Mendicancy
In Possession of Dutiable Tobacco In Possession of Dutiable Liquor
Breach of Forestry Regulations
Larceny
Enquiries
In Possession of Dangerous Drugs Soliciting for Immoral Purposes
Total
46
6
1
1
6
3
69
3. Two girls were admitted to Hospital during the year. Many cases of scabies and numerous minor complaints were treated in the Home. The Medical Officer visited the Home weekly and at other times as required.
Appendix K (1).
REPORT OF THE CHIEF OFFICER, HONG KONG
FIRE BRIGADE FOR THE YEAR 1937.
EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE.
The expenditure of the Fire Brigade for the year 1937 was $328,892.56 (£20,555 15s 8d) including special expenditure amounting to $37,404.32 (£2,337 15s 5d) as against $293,162.54 (£18,322 13s 2d) including special expenditure amounting to $11,225.31 (£701 11s 8d) in 1936.
2. The revenue of the Brigade for the year amounted to $11,408.00 (£713 Os Od) derived from the following sources: --
Motor Ambulance service
.$10,700.00
(£668 15s Od) as against $7,730.00 (£483 2s 6d) for 1936, an increase of 38%.
Theatre and Special duties
.$708.00
(£44 5s Od) as against $510.00 (£31 17s 6d) for 1936, an increase of 38%.
ESTABLISHMENT RETURN.
3. Return showing the Establishment and Casualties in the Brigade during the year 1937:-
Establishment of the Brigade.
Enlistments.
Deaths.
Resignations.
Invalided.
Retired on
Pension.
Dismissals or Desertions.
Total number of Casualties.
Europeans
Indian
11
1
Chinese
244
25 1 4
10
10
25
Total
256
25
1
4
10
10
25
-K (1) 2
FLOATING STAFF.
Coxswains. Engineers.
Present
5
Stokers.
Seamen.
Total.
6
14
33
Actual Strength on the 31st December, 1937.
Europeans. Indian.
Floating
Chinese.
Total.
Staff.
9
1
228
32
270
Sick or
Absent on leave.
Vacancies..
Total
N
9
11
7
1
8
11
1
244
33
289
the whole quite
Discipline during the year was on
satisfactory.
STATIONS AND EQUIPMENT.
4. In March Government approved a recommendation that the reinforced concrete buildings, known as Andrew Harper Buildings, 745-747, Nathan Road, Kowloon should be rented as a Fire Station, instead of the unsatisfactory premises rented as Mong Kok Fire Station. The new premises were adapted in accordance with Brigade plans. Work was completed by May 1st. when the Brigade moved in. The old Mong Kok Fire Station was closed at the same time.
The staff and appliances from Sham Shui Po sub-station were transferred to the new premises. This sub-station was merged into Sham Shui Po Police Station affording a much needed increase of accommodation. The acquisition of the new premises enabled certain economies of staff, and provided additional married quarters for European Officers.
The new Station has the following features:
(1) Five bays for fire appliances.
(2) Three bays for ambulances.
(3) Space for accommodating the Brigade Workshop plant
and artisan staff.
(4) Accommodation for 60 Chinese Sub-Officers and men. (5) Three flats for European Officers Quarters.
.
- K (1) 3
Opportunity was taken to re-name certain of the Brigade Stations as follows:
ISLAND OF HONG KONG.
Wanchai Fire Station to be known as Eastern Fire Station..
Kennedy Town Fire Station to be known as Western Fire Station.
KOWLOON PENINSULA.
The new Fire Station at 745-747, Nathan Road, to be known as Kowloon Fire Station.
The Fire Station at Salisbury Road, Tsim Sha Tsui (formerly named Kowloon Fire Station) to be known as Terminus Fire Station.
5. The brick and concrete structure at Taipo, New Territory, which housed a Police Van, Fire Brigade tender with portable fire pump and one motor ambulance, was struck by a tidal wave during the severe typhoon on 2/9/1937 and collapsed, causing such damage to the vehicles that the ambulance and Police van were beyond repair. The portable fire pump escaped serious damage and the Fire Brigade tender was salvaged and repaired at a cost of $1,600. The ambulance is being replaced at the earliest possible date.
6. A new Dennis Motor Fire Engine fitted with 300/800 g.p.m. multi-stage Turbine Pump, and complete with first aid system and 50 ft. Ajax sliding-carriage Fire Escape was supplied in March, 1937, and added to the equipment of the Brigade.
The following vehicles were ordered during the year and will be supplied in 1938:
(a) A new Motor Water Tower and Fire Escape Chassis complete with turbine pump and first-aid equipment, to replace the No. 9 Appliance chassis, for the mounting of the existing 95 feet steel ladders.
(b) A new 23.5 H.P. Motor Ambulance to replace Ambulance No. 73 which was wrecked at Taipo in the typhoon of 2/9/1937.
7. All of the thirty-six vehicles now maintained by the Fire Brigade were regularly inspected during the year; fifteen of the vehicles were completely overhauled and repainted.
8. The old No. 3 Fire Float was sold on the 27/1/1937. 1 Engineer and 1 Seaman from the Floating Staff were retrenched.
K (1) 4
In addition to the annual overhaul, No. 1 Fire Float was provided with new water-ends at a cost of $6,000. No. 2 motor Fire Float was overhauled and slipped as required.
9. All other appliances and equipment were examined and tested every month.
10. The numbers of both Pedestal and Underground hydrants were increased by 17 and 18 respectively during the year; the total number of hydrants is now 1,489 viz:-
Pedestal hydrants:
Hong Kong (including Peak)
Kowloon
202
159
Underground hydrants:-
Hong Kong (including Peak)
730
Kowloon (including New Territories)
398
Total.....
1,489
All hydrants were inspected quarterly.
SPECIAL EVENTS.
11. Fires.
(a) One Chinese male, aged 35 years, died of suffocation and burns received at a fire at 125, Bonham Strand, East, on 20/1/1937.
(b) During the course of repairs to the oil tanker, s.s. Willy at Kowloon Docks on 23/2/1937, a fire and explo- sion occurred due to an unsuspected accumulation of oil in a disused oil pipe line. The use of naked lights resulted in the fire and explosion; four persons were removed to Hospital, one of whom died of severe burns.
(c) Called to extinguish a small fire which had broken out in a kitchen at No. 323, Reclamation Street, 3rd floor on 28/2/1937, the Brigade discovered,
Casualties.
Killed.
Injured.
1
1
3
- K (1) 5-
hidden under a partly burned wooden door, the partially incinerated body of a woman who had been bound and gagged. At the time of the arrival of the Brigade, the person responsible for the crime was on the scene, but escaped temporarily, and was arrested later. He was placed on trial at the Supreme Court and sentenced to death.
(d) Following a fierce fire in a tenement type of building at No. 23, Sha Po Road, Kowloon City, on the 22/5/1937, the charred remains of one Chinese male and three Chinese females were discovered in the debris.
(e) At the
the height of the disastrous
typhoon on 2/9/1937, the Brigade was called at 03.44 hours by the street fire alarms situated at Bonham Strand, West, and Eastern Street, and by Public telephone, to a fire which had broken out at 134, Con- naught Road, West. The Central Fire Station appliances and an appliance from Western Fire Station immediately responded to the call, notwithstanding the flooded nature of the streets, falling masonry, sign- boards and electric wires. Three ap- pliances became partially submerged on their way to the fire, the water putting the engines out of action. Three appliances were able to reach the scene. It was discovered that а fierce fire had already involved the large tenement houses, Nos. 133 & 134, Connaught Road, West, on the waterfront of the harbour, and was spreading rapidly eastward and west- ward. In spite of heavy seas which submerged the roads, the Brigade brought two pumps to work from nearby hydrants, but owing to the terrific wind force which at times reached over 130 M.P.H. the jets were converted into spray, twelve feet after
Killed. Injured.
1
4
K (1)
Killed.
Injured.
discharge from the nozzles. Owing to the buffetting of the large waves sweeping over the men, it became necessary for eight men to hold each delivery. Firemen and Police soon collected 15 bodies from the vicinity of the ground floors of the buildings involved. These bodies were, how- ever, swept away later by big waves which also nearly engulfed one of the fire appliances and compelled the withdrawal of the Brigade from the waterfront. Within an hour the fire had spread to involve the whole of the premises 131 to 137, Connaught Road, West, and was seriously threatening the many buildings in rear. The Brigade continued operations from adjoining roof-tops and lanes in rear of the burning buildings, the men working in these lanes being at times nearly submerged by the surging waves from the sea-front. At this stage of the fire Firemen and Police also concentrated on the removal of all persons and as much inflammable material as possible from adjoining buildings to prevent further fatalities and the spread of fire. The fire was
out of control from the time of the outbreak until 06.30 hours when the typhoon showed signs of abating. A Brigade call was then circulated, and with the receding of water in the streets it was possible to get two further motor pumps to work at the scene of the fire. The fire was then brought under control after one hour's work with nine deliveries. Only one charred body was recovered from the buildings, but it was reported that a total of 41 persons lost their lives; most of these fatalities were due to drowning when the inmates of the buildings endeavoured to escape down the staircases, the ground floors into which these staircases gave exit, being submerged to a depth of 4-5 feet......
41
K (1) 7
N
Features of this fire were that no ladders of any description could be used; it was almost impossible to stand up without support, and the veering wind which reached record force entirely prevented effective operations.
On the date of this typhoon the Brigade received 16 other calls.
(f) At a fire involving native type dwell- ings at Po Kong Village, near Kowloon City on 1/11/37: one Chinese male and one Chinese female were burned to death whilst one Chinese male and one Chinese female received burns from which they ultimately recovered.
12. Explosions.
(1) A sudden explosion, which was heard along the Central District water-front at about 20.00 hours on 17/5/1937 caused considerable alarm. The Brig- ade turned out all available Am- bulances and emergency tender.
On arrival at Queen's Pier it was dis- covered that a Japanese steam launch, "Dojima Maru" of the Osaka Shosen Kaisha had blown up whilst alongside the Pier. Bystanders in the vicinity were already searching for survivors. No. 2 Fire Float then arrived on the scene and with the aid of her search- light and dinghy assisted the search for survivors in the waters of the harbour near the pier. A survey of the scene revealed an indescribable sight, the pier being strewn with a large number of mutilated bodies and considerable wreckage from the launch. Twenty injured persons were at once removed to Hospital in the Brigade Ambulances and in a lorry which was commandeered on the spot. The force of the explosion was
Killed.
Injured.
2
K (1) 8
Killed.
Injured.
so great that two bodies were blown into the roadway 200 ft. away, whilst a third body was found on the 70 feet high roof of the Hong Kong Club, some 300 feet away. It was found later that the death roll was thirty- four, many of the bodies being hardly recognizable. At a Court of Enquiry on the disaster it was revealed that the boiler of the launch, which was recovered from the bottom of the harbour, was defective and had ex- ploded. Most of the victims of the disaster were emigrants from the Japanese Liner Rio-de-Janiero Maru lying in the harbour
13. Collapses and Landslides.
(1) During the course of piling a building site at Canton Road, Yaumati, on 23/5/1937 a sudden squall caused the breakage of the guy lines of a 70 feet high steel pile driver which, in its crash to the ground, demolished some nearby wooden shacks. Seven per- sons, including the foreman in charge of the pile driver, were killed and ten persons injured. The Brigade turned out with Appliances and Ambulances and extricated the dead and injured ...
(2) Following the collapse of two Chinese
houses at Un Long Market, New Territory, on 8/8/1937, two Chinese males and two Chinese females were extricated alive.
(3) Following a landslide at Foo Loong Quarry, Tai Kok Tsui, on 22/8/1937 one Chinese male, aged 29 years was extricated dead.
34
7
1
↓
Total Casualties
20
10
4
92
39
K (1) 9
CALLS.
14. The number of calls received during the year totalled 175; actual fires 124, Chimney fires 22, collapses 8, landside 1, and false alarms 20. Compared with the previous year (1936) there was a decrease of 17 calls. Thirty-three were received by street fire alarms, eighty-seven by telephone, forty-five from Police and ten from messengers.
15. Of the false alarms, four were maliciously given, eight were given with good intent, and eight were due to electrical faults in the street fire alarm system:
THEATRE AND OTHER DUTIES.
16. Duties performed by members of the Brigade at public and private entertainments during the year totalled 643 compris- ing altogether 2,413 hours.
FIRE INSPECTION WORK.
17. The following inspections were made by officers of the Brigade and reported upon during the year:-
Theatres and Cinemas
Boarding Houses
202
108
Factories and Workshops
Garages
Licensed Premises (Liquor licences)
Eating Houses
460
121
79
142
Timber and Firewood Storages
79
Buildings (Government and Public)
89
High and Low Flash Inflammable Liquid Stores..
309
Petrol Pumps
149
Kerosene Stores in shops
783
Dangerous Goods Storages
370
Offensive Trades
11
Fireworks Storages
39
Neon Light Advertising Signs
475
Vernacular Schools
301
Dance Halls and Academies
26
Fire Service Installations
583
Miscellaneous Inspections
208
Total
4,534
The number of inspections carried out each month is shewr in Table IV.
-K (1) 10-
18. Twelve private fire-hydrant services were installed in various premises during the year. Two buildings with installa- tions were demolished during the year. There are now 255 such installations in the Colony. These were inspected, tested and reported upon during the year.
19. The sixteen Automatic Sprinkler Installations in the Colony were tested and reported upon during the year.
20. 357 Chemical Fire Extinguishers located in various Government buildings were tested and recharged by the Brigade during the year.
21. The total number of Dangerous Goods licences in force at the end of the year was 1,218 (fees $16,610.00) as against 1,214 licences (fees $14,790.00) for 1936.
22. One prosecution, resulting in a fine amounting to $30.00 was undertaken by the Brigade during the year for contravention of the Dangerous Goods Ordinance.
AMBULANCE SERVICE.
23. The eleven Motor Ambulances maintained by the Brigade attended altogether 7,451 cases during the year, and travelled 66,553 miles.
The undermentioned summary shows the number of cases attended and mileage during the past five years.
1937. 1936. 1935. 1934. 1933.
No. of cases attended
Distance run
(miles)
7,451 4,503 4,405 3,797 4,299
66,553 39,466 39,018 32,753 34,437
The large increase in cases and mileage run, as compared to previous years, is mainly attributable to the Cholera epidemic which was very severe during the months July-September.
As a result of the epidemic the Ambulance staff was called upon to perform considerably increased work. His Excellency, the Officer Administering the Government was pleased to express his satisfaction with the manner in which the additional work had been performed by the Ambulance staff.
':
-K (1) 11--
24. During the year the scale of charges for the use of the motor ambulances was revised as follows:
(a) $5.00 per journey not exceeding 15 miles.
(b) $10.00 per journey exceeding 15 miles.
Additional charges are made for transport across the harbour by vehicular or passenger ferries.
ANNUAL DISPLAY.
25. The Annual Display by the Brigade took place in the compound of No. 2 Police Station, Wanchai, in the presence of H.E. the Governor, Sir Geoffry Northcote, K.C.M.G., Lady Northcote, and a large number of distinguished visitors and spectators, on November 18th 1937. During the Display the finals of the following Competition Drills, were contested:
Competition.
Motor Escape Drill.
Motor Pump Drill.
Winner.
Eastern Fire Station "B" Team.
Central Fire Station "A" Team.
Hook Ladder Drill.
Central Fire Station "B" Team.
At the conclusion of the Display His Excellency, in presenting the prizes, complimented the Brigade on their smart- ness and efficiency, and later took the salute at the drive past of the appliances.
ANTI-GAS COURSE.
26. During the year all members of the Brigade attended a gas course, including entry into a gas chamber.
TRAINING OF CANTON FIRE BRIGADE PROBATIONARY OFFICERS.
27. By arrangement between the Government and the Com- missioner of the Kwong Tung Provincial Police Bureau, the Brigade carried out the training of ten probationary Chinese Officers for the Canton Fire Brigade. Following a three months duration the officers successfully passed an examination, at the conclusion of the course, and have since taken up their appointments at Canton. A letter of appreciation and thanks was received from the Commissioner for Kwong Tung.
28. During the year it became possible to provide a room. in Central Fire Station and in Kowloon Fire Station for use as recreation rooms for the Asiatic staff. Indoor games and Chinese newspapers are provided. The rooms have been well patronized by the men.
-K (1) 12 -
29. The Sino-Japanese conflict caused the evacuation of British women and children from Shanghai on 14/8/1937. The refugees included 17 wives and 19 children of Officers of the Shanghai Fire Brigade. Representatives of the Brigade met the ships on which they arrived and were able to render assistance by accommodating some of the women and children in officers quarters at the various Stations, and the remainder in a vacant suite of European quarters at Eastern Fire Station. The women and children returned to Shanghai in October and November, 1937. The Chief Officer in Shanghai, on behalf of the Shanghai Fire Brigade wrote to express the Brigade's sincere thanks for the services rendered.
T. H. KING,
Chief officer, Fire Brigade.
1938.
HONG KONG –
Central
Eastern
Western
Shaukiwan
Gough Hill
Aberdeen (including Apli- chau Island)
Hong Kong Float Berth
(Central District)
KOWLOON :-
Kowloon
Terminus
Un Long (N.T.)
Tai Po (N.T.) Cheung Chau Island
Tai O (Lan Tau Island)
Kowloon Float Mooring (Yaumati Typhoon Shelter)
Total
City Stations.
1
Table I.
STATION AND PLANT, 31ST DECEMBER, 1937.
STATIONS.
PLANT.
Rural District
Fire Float
1
1
1
1
Motor Fire
Engines (pumps)
Fire Escapes.
Motor Turntable
Ladders.
Motor Fire Tenders.
3
1
1
2
I
S S
I
5
7
2
11
5
TO
1
Fire Floats.
Motor Vans for
portable fire pump unit.
Motor Trailer or Portable motor pumps.
Motor Fire
Cycles.
Motor
Ambulances.
2000
G.P.M.
1
4000
G.P.M.
1
1
I
I
3
1
1
2
3
2
2
7
1
10
- K (1) 13
-K (1) 14 -
Table II.
SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED MONETARY LOSS BY FIRE
FOR THE YEAR 1937.
Month.
Rubbish
Burning Under
$500
Nil.
Not Exceeding.
Exceed. ing
Total
$750 $1,000 $2,500 $5,000 $5,000
$
$
January
101
(1)
(9)
February
150
600
(2)
(10)
(1)
March
$ 1,300 3,550 | 67,700
$
$
72,651
(1)
(1) (2)
(14)
I
3,300
4,050
(2)
(15)
397
(6)
Į
8,000
(1)
8,397
(7)
April
(1)
260 (3)
3,560
3.820
(1)
(5)
May
492
1
2,500
8,550
11,542
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
June
70
600
670
(7)
(1)
(8)
July
69
(4)
August
67
1,000
(7)
(1)
September ..
October
November
•
(1)
El el
(1)
}
1,035
(16)
118
(12)
373
(10)
1
(1)
800
3829
December
884
(1)
(7)
Total
(7)
4,016 (95)
69 (4)
8,706 12,500
22,273
(2)
(1)
(11)
I
121,190 122,225
(1)
(18)
16,540
16,658
(2)
(15)
I
44,655
45,828
(2)
(13)
884
(8)
309,067
(4)
(4) (10)
(124)
1,200 1,800 7,100 15,816 279,135
(2) (2)
The figures in brackets indicate the number of fires from which the
loss arose.
Appendix L.
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF PRISONS FOR THE YEAR 1937.
The number of prisoners received into prison during the year, and the corresponding number for 1936 were as follows:-
Convicted by Ordinary Courts Debtors
1936.
14,801
1937. 15,711
50
49
1,328
16,106
17,088
On remand, or in default of finding surety. 1,255
Total
2. The percentage of convicted prisoners admitted to prison with previous convictions recorded against them was 21.6 as compared with 15.9 for the previous year.
3.
894 prisoners were convicted by Police Courts in the New Territories against 969 for the previous year.
4. The following table shows the number of convicts in custody on the 31st December for the past ten years, and the percentage of the total number of prisoners in custody to the estimated population of Hong Kong.
Year.
Estimated population
Number
of
convicts.
Percentage
of
population.
1,075,690* 352 .033
Daily average number of prisoners.
of
Percentage
population.
1,071 .100 .100
1928
1929
1,075,690*
1930
1931
331 .031 1,143,510* 256 .022 849,751† 202 .024
1,075
1,175 .103
1,102 .130
1932
900,796
173
.019
1,114 .124
1933
922,643 162
.018
1,472
.160
(V.G.
839
1934
944,492
157
.017
L.C.K.
593
.170
F.P.
178
(V.G. 980
1935
966,341
217 .022
L.C.K. 642
.186
F.P.
174
¡V.G. 1,127
1936
988,190
297
.03
L.C.K.
600
.194
F.P.
190
H.K.P. 1,441
V.G.
794
1937
1,010,039
333
.033
.247
L.C.K.
27
F.P.
231
Probably overestimated.
Census of 1931.
L2
5. The following table shows the numbers of male and female prisoners on Dec. 31st serving sentences of various terms for each of the last five years.
Over 1 month.
Year.
One month or less.
and not exceeding 6 months.
Over 6 months & not
Over 2
Total.
exceeding 2 years.
years.
1933......
1934...
1937..
ME ME ME ME ME
256
F. 25
M. 310 M. 1,327
F. 41
F.
M. 133 F. 16
M.
637
F. 113
M. 864
1935......
1936......
M. 158
F. 44 F. 73
M. 193 M.
F. 52
M.
HESE E ZEZE
M. 252
F. 50
M. 345
ZE ZE ZE ZE ZE
F. 30
772
M.
362
F.
81
F:
41.
M.
965
M.
347
F. 94
F.
66
M.
318
105
F.
44
ME ME ME ME ME
M.
138
M: 1,210
F.
F.
183
M.
141
M. 1,508
F.
3
F. 150
M. 189
M. 1,516 F.
176
M. 283 12
M. 1,851 F. 197
M.
316
M. 2,271
F. 17
F.
208
The increase in the number of prisoners is chiefly due to a large number of convictions for larceny, hawking, and forestry offences. The olitical situation in China and the influx of rofugees is possibly the cause of many of the convictions.
14
HONG KONG PRISON & VICTORIA GAOL (MALE)
6. 20.068,100 forms were printed and issued to various Government departments and 125,157 books bound or repaired as compared with 18,756,343 forms and 88,002 books in 1936. During the year important printing work hitherto done by the Government Printers was satisfactorily performed by the Prison Printery.
7. Other industries included matmaking, tailoring, carpentering, tinsmithing, painting, laundering, shoemaking, netmaking and basketmaking. Prisoners were also employed on the usual routine upkeep work, including minor building repairs.
8. The prisons were as usual overcrowded.
9. The workshop accommodation of Victoria Gaol was inadequate but that of Hong Kong Prison is adequate under normal conditions.
10. The Hong Kong Prison at Stanley was opened in January and was then partly occupied. This prison was not fully occupied until September.
--
ខ
11. The Victoria Gaol was gradually depopulated during the year until the 26th September when it was entirely closed down.
12.
There was no escape or attempt to escape.
13. There were three executions during the year.
LAI CHI KOK PRISON.
14. Work done at Lai Chi Kok, apart from the essential routine duties of cooking, cleaning, etc., included string and netmaking, coir matmaking, basket and broom making, and grass matmaking. Garden work has been discontinued.
15. The Lai Chi Kok Prison was closed down on the 28th January.
16. There was no escape or attempt to escape.
FEMALE PRISON-LAI CHI KOK.
17. This prison was also overcrowded. Although constructed to accommodate 120 the numbers have frequently been over 250.
18. Female prisoners are employed chiefly on laundry work and mending. Other employment includes cooking,, weaving, envelope making and a little gardening.
19. Lady Visitors as hitherto attended regularly for instructional purposes. Sisters from the Italian Convent visited on Saturdays, and ladies of the Church Missionary Society on Sundays, to give religious addresses. The administration would again like to express thanks to all these ladies for their valued and gratuitous services.
GENERAL.
20. 437 punishments were awarded for breaches of prison discipline as compared with 430 for the preceding year.
21.
One hundred and eighty six prisoners were whipped by order of Courts, as compared with 63 in 1936.
22. There was a decrease in the number of prisoners convicted in the New Territory Courts (See paragraph 3).
23. Owing to overcrowding in the prisons 210 males were released before expiration of sentence. I was not found necessary to release any women prematurely.
L 4
24. The general behaviour of the prisoners and the discipline in all prisons was very good.
25. The health of the prisoners was satisfactorily maintained.
26. The conduct of the officers was on the whole exemplary.
27. The general health of the staff was good.
28. A Committee was appointed by His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government to consider the recent increase in the number of prisoners in the Colony and to make recommendations in respect of such increase. The first meeting was held in the Post Master General's office at 3.30 p.m. on Tuesday the 29th June, 1937, subsequent meetings were held and a report was submitted to His Excellency the Governor.
29. Mr. J. W. Franks, O.B.E., Superintendent of Prisons, went on leave from the 17th April prior to retirement on pension.
30. Mr. F. A. Hopkins, Assistant Superintendent of Prisons, acted as 'Superintendent of Prisons as from the 17th April.
7th. March, 1938.
F. A. HOPKINS,
Acting Superintendent of Prisons.
L 5
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT FOR EXPENDITURE, 1936 and 1937.
1936.
1937.
Personal Emoluments
$ 472,020.40 $ 512,006.81
Other Charges
Arms and Ammunition
268.93
394.05
Conveyance Allowance to Superin-
tendent
900.00
600.00
Cleaning and Sanitary Materials
5,617.02
5,484.54
Clothing and Shoes for staff
14,512.60
16,030.87
Clothing for prisoners
20,345.71
37,844.88
Execution fees
150.00
Fuel
40,344.26
43,854.61
Grants to Chaplains
1,200.00
1,200.00
Gratuities to prisoners
551.00
882.00
Incidental Expenses
1,628.61
2,390.51
Light
11.450.05
13,060.41
Materials for Remunerative Indus-
tries
2.236.67
3,546.34
Materials for Repairs and Renewals
8.450.15
10.943.40
Photography
2,261.50
3,243.32
Rations for Indian Warders
14,745.17
14,919.89
Rent of Public Telephone
2,255.35
Rent of Quarters for European
Warders
7,293.83
1,068.35
Rent of Quarters for Indian Warders
10,080.00
3,956.00
Subsistence of prisoners
257,237.14
320,665.15
Transport
2,376.15
10,098.29
Upkeep and running Expense of
Motor Vans
1,331.83
1,339.56
Total Other Charges
402,830.62
493,927.52
Special Expenditure.
Typewriters
5 Vans
672.00 14,882.71
Bicycles
104.00
Linotype machine
10,000.00
Total Special Expenditure. 10,000.00
15,658.71
Total Prison Department
884,851.02
1,021,593.04
L 6
Table II,
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE, 1936 AND 1937.
Head of Revenue collected by Prison Department.
Fees of Court or Office.
Prison Subsistence
Prison Industries
Total
· 1936.
1937.
$ 1,335.00 $ 1,672.00
3,559.35
3,341.75
4,894.35
5,013.75
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF
PRISON DEPARTMENT FOR THE LAST 10 YEARS.
*Personal
Year.
Emoluments and Other Charges
Special Ex- penditure
Total Revenue
Total Expenditure
including esti-
mated value of
prison labour.
1928 $493,271.58
Nil $493,271.58
$166,024.55
1929 514,267.37 $7,264.36
521,531.73
179,307.54·
* 1930. 659,899.39 29,693.50
689,592,89
144,550.53
1931 791,012.42
1932 755,804.80 24,306.28
Nil
791,012.42
170,339.01
780,111.08
207,085.54
1933 809,652.58 44,220.70 853,873.28
217,492.17...
· 1934 804,758.42 25,040.29 829,798.71
1935
-1936 874,851.02 10,000.00 884,851.02
220,622.50
740,080.52 8,039.81 748,120.33
204,154.03
188,341.95
1937
1,005,934.33 15,658.71 1,021,593.04
189,550.10
Includes "officers of J. C. Service.
Table IV.
RETURN SHOWING VALUE OF INDUSTRIAL LABOUR FOR THE YEAR 1937.
Nature of Industry.
1
Value of
stock on
2
3
Value of
4
Value of
articles
5
6
Value of
7
8
Value of
work done
Stock on
hand
materials Total Dr. manufactured
for Gaol
hand
Total Cr.
Value of
earning
difference
January purchased.
or work
or other
December
done for
1st 1936.
payment.
Departments. 31st 1937.
between
columns
3 and 7.
$
$
$
$
$
$
Coir
2,773.11
2,337.30
Netmaking
360.00
152.80
5,110.41
512.80
1,376.90
131.60
2,593.07
2,690.45
6660.42
1550.01
210.20
314.23
656.03
143.23
Tailoring
7,257.45
30,061.55 | 37,319.00
42.75 37,335.81
6,344.80
43723.36
6404.36
Rattan
128.05
675.82
803.87
1.15
1,467.25
28.40
1496.80
692.93
Tinsmithing
758.20
5,368.26
6,126.46
41.06
9,718.76
815.27
10575.09
4448.63
Carpentering
639.97
1,985.58
2,625.55
127.50
4,778.64
438.36
5344.50
2718.95
Grassmatting
29.55
80.00
109.55
432.85
12:43
445.28
335.73
Shoemaking
1,434.10
2,704.09
4,138.19
105.65
5,180.80
1,238.60
6525.05 2386.86
Laundry
Printing & Bookbinding
313.40 77,940.7595,220.17 173,160.92
3,864.23
4,177.63
19,224.54
123.75
19348.29 15170.66
1,330.45 231,124.53 | 95,442.39 327897.37 154736.45
Photography
76.85 3,243.32 3,320.17
3,989.12
87.24 4076.36
756.19
Gardening
12.27
Weaving
82.32
54.42
242.32
66.69
324.64
66.69
66.69
452.49
78.25
530.74 206.10
Total
91,806.02 145,989.86 237,795.88
3,157.06 316,508.06 107,680.86 427345.98 189550.10
Paid into Bank during 1937, which sum includes $232.70 for work executed in 1936 $3,341.75 value of work executed during 1937 for which payment was deferred to 1938 $48.01
HONG KONG.
REPORT
OF THE
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT
FOR THE YEAR
1937.
COLONY OF HONG KONG
MEDICAL FACILITIES MAP
REFERENCE
GOVT. HOSPITALS. NAVAL HOSPITALS.
N345678
MILITARY HOSPITALS.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
PRIVATE HOSPITALS.
Govt. DISPENSARIES
✪ CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES
8 → ST. JOHN AMBULANCE Brigade DispeNSARIÉS
Govt. WELFARE CENTRES
UN LONG
10
GOVT. SOCIAL HYGIENE CENTRES
&
CASTLE PEAK
о
LAN TAU ISLAND
ΤΑΙ Ο
SHA TAU Kok,
LOK MA CHAU
SHEUNG SHUI
SAN TIN
KAM TIN
SHAM TSENG
D
FAN LING
TA! PO HUI
TAI PO
SAI KUNG
Tsun WAN
SHA TING
KOWLOON CITY
ABERDEEN
HONG KONG
STANLEY
Q
INDEX.
CONTENTS.
HONG KONG MEDICAL FACILITIES MAP
I ADMINISTRATION:-
Page.
FRONTISPIECE
A Staff
B Ordinances affecting the Public Health
C Finance
II PUBLIC HEALTH:-
GENERAL REMARKS:-
1
2
5
G 10
(i) General Diseases
6
(ii) Communicable Diseases
7
(a). Mosquito. and insect-borne diseases.
7
(b) Infectious diseases
8
10
(c) Helminthic diseases
VITAL STATISTICS:
(1) Chinese Population
10
(2) Non-Chinese Population
11
(3) European Officials
12
(4) Chinese Officials
13
III HYGIENE & SANITATION:-
(A) GENERAL REVIEW OF WORK DONE AND PROGRESS
MADE.
(1) PREVENTIVE MEASURES.
(i) Mosquito and insect-borne diseases.-
(a) Malaria
(b) Yellow fever, etc.
(ii) Epidemic diseases.-
(a) Plague
(b) Cholera
(c) Smallpox
14
15
15
15
16
INDEX.
CONTENTS.
Page.
(iii) Other diseases.-
(a) Leprosy
(b) Tuberculosis
(iv) Helminthic diseases.
(v) Diseases of animals
(vi) Seasonal prevalence of diseases
(II) GENERAL MEASURES OF SANITATION.
(a) Sewage disposal
18
18
19
19
19
20
(b) Refuse disposal
21
(c) Drainage
22
(d) Water supplies
22
(e) Clearance of bush and undergrowth.
26
(f) Domiciliary visiting and inspection. (g) Offensive trades.
26
26
(II) SCHOOL HYGIENE
27
(IV) LABOUR CONDITIONS
23
(V) HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING
30
•
(VI) FOOD IN RELATION TO HEALTH & DISEASE
32
(B) MEASURES TAKEN TO SPREAD THE KNOWLEDGE
OF HYGIENE & SANITATION
(C) TRAINING OF SANITARY PErsonnel
(D) RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE WORK
IV PORT HEALTH WORK & ADMINISTRATION
35
36
36
37
Y MATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE
40
VI HOSPITALS, DISPENSARIES & VENEREAL
DISEASES CLINICS
42
VII PRISONS & ASYLUM
VIII METEOROLOGY
38883
62
65
INDEX.
CONTENTS.
IX SCIENTIFIC:-
1. Report of the Bacteriological Institute
2. Report of the Malaria Bureau
Page.
67
29
79
3. Report of the Analytical Laboratory
85
4. Report of the University Professional Units.
96
APPENDIX,—
Return A. Medical, Health & Laboratory Service
Staff
107-109
Return B. List of Naval, Military, Government &
Private Hospitals, etc.
111-113
Appendix A. List of Diseases treated in Government
Hospitals
112-114
Appendix B. List of Diseases treated in Chinese
Hospitals
112-114
Appendix C. Report of Registrar-General of Births
& Deaths
132-134
Appendix D. Report on Work at Public Mortuaries..
149-151
ANNUAL MEDICAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1937.
I.-ADMINISTRATION.
A. (a) Staff-Medical, Health & Laboratory Divisions.
APPOINTMENTS.
European.
Medical Officer: Dr. P. B. Wilkinson.
Woman Medical Officer: Dr. (Mrs.) A. L. J. Dovey.
Nursing Sisters: Miss B. M. Auger, Miss J. A. M. Black, Miss S. Dempsey, Miss C. C. Denly, Miss H. E. Gray, Miss E. M. Hansey, Miss P. E. Keam, Miss W. N. M. Lambert- Baker, Miss J. Lees, Miss R. E. Low, Miss A. M. Mackie, Miss K. Marley, Miss M. K. Murray, Miss E. M. Pratt, Miss D. E. Purtell, Miss C. G. Y. Purves, Miss B. S. Robertson, Miss J. Smith, Miss D. H. Stockford, Miss D. C. Tall, Miss A. M. Thomas, Miss L. E. Turner, Miss B. M. Wansey, Miss G. Waugh, Miss D. E. M. Wilson.
Secretary:
Mr. R. W. H. Maynard.
Medical Officers:
Asiatic.
Dr. Lien Tsoong Kya, Dr. Tan Hee Choo,
Dr. Yeoh Guan Eng.
PROMOTIONS.
European.
Principal Matron: Miss S. F. Sutton.
Matron: Miss A. M. Davies.
Senior Sister: Miss A. M. Cullinan,
- M 2
RETIREMENTS & RESIGNATIONS.
Director of Medical Services: Dr. A. R. Wellington, C.M.G.
Government Consultant: Professor W. C. W. Nixon.
Principal Matron: Miss S. I. Summerskill.
Senior Sister: Mrs. B. E. Elliott.
Nursing Sisters: Miss F. Boullin, Miss E. O. Davis, Miss J. N. Edwards, Miss L. Lace, Miss J. Lenaghan, Miss B. M. Lockhart-Smith, Miss H. G. Mickel, Miss. K. M. Moore, Miss A. Munro, Miss M. B. M. Mustill, Miss S. M. Nobel, Miss L. M. Passey, Miss I. Russell, Miss M. W. Ward.
Asiatic.
Medical Officers: Dr. Cheah Keng Seng, Dr. Phoon Seck Wah, Dr. Phoon Seck Wing.
(b) Health Division.
APPOINTMENTS.
European.
Woman Medical Officer : Dr. (Mrs.) G. R. Nash.
RETIREMENTS & RESIGNATIONS.
Woman Medical Officer: Dr. (Mrs.) L. Fehily.
(c) Laboratory Division.
TRANSFERS.
European.
Assistant Analyst: Mr. J. L. Tetley to Imports & Exports
Office.
B. (a) Ordinances affecting the Public Health.'
The following is a list of Ordinances, Rules, Regulations, By-laws and Government Notifications affecting the public health or medical matters which were enacted, made or published during 1937:-
1. Ordinances
1. Public Health (Sanitation) Amendment Ordinance,
1937.
2. Pharmacy and Poisons Ordinance, 1937.
- M 3
2. Rules, Regulations & By-laws.
1. Adulterated Food and Drugs Regulations-amendment
to Regulation 4 (Government Notification 25).
2. Liquors Ordinance, 1931-Brewery Regulations made
thereunder (Government Notification 108).
3. Public Health (Food) Ordinance, 1935-Amendment of
By-laws (Food Shops) (Government Notification 169). 4. Cremation Ordinance, 1934-Amendment of Regula-
tions (Government Notification 200).
5. Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordinance, 1935—Amend-
ment of Regulations (Government Notification 218). 6. Emergency Regulations Ordinance 1922-Regulations for prevention and mitigation of cholera (Government Notification 541).
7. Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance, 1935-Domestic
Cleanliness and Prevention of Disease By-laws- By-law 11 relating to restriction on sale of certain foodstuffs (Government Notification 542).
8. Emergency Regulations Ordinance, 1922--Regulation prohibiting sale of Chinese dishes (Government Notification 576).
9. Emergency Regulations Ordinance, 1922-Regulation prohibiting sale of mussels (Government Notification 641).
10. Quarantine and Prevention of Disease Ordinance, 1936 Regulations for the supply of water to and from Water Boats and from Wharves (Government Notifica- tion 659).
11. Dangerous Drugs Ordinance, 1935-Repeal of Regula- tion 21 and Schedule II. (Government Notification 675).
12. Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance, 1935-Amend- ment of By-laws headed "Conservancy'. (Government Notification 679).
13. Pharmacy and Poisons Ordinance, 1936-Amendment to Regulation 1 relating to "Licences to Wholesale Dealers". (Government Notification 700).
14. Prisons Ordinance, 1932-Amendment of Prison Rules relating to duties of Medical Officer (Government Notification 745).
15. Dentistry Ordinance, 1914-Rescission of Regulation 4 of Dentistry Regulations (Government Notification 859).
M 4
16. Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance, 1935--Amend- ment of By-laws relating to scavenging (Government Notification 907).
17. Midwives Ordinance, 1910--Amendment of Regulations
Inade thereunder (Government Notification 911).
3. Government Notifications.
A
1. Government Notification 1-Shanghai place where
smallpox prevails.
2. Government Notification 76-Dysentery to be included
within the expression Infectious Disease".
3. Government Notification 142-Bangkok place where
cholera prevails.
4. Government Notification 110-Pakhoi place where smallpox prevails-rescission of order relating thereto.
5. Government Notification 201-Public Health (Sanita- tion) Ordinance, 1935-application of, to Tsing Yi Urn Cemetery.
6. Governinent Notification 208-Nursing and Maternity Homes Regulation Ordinance, 1936-exemption of Babington Hospital and Sanatorium.
7. Government Notification 310-Shanghai place where smallpox prevails-rescission of order relating thereto.
8. Government Notification 349-Public Health (Food) Ordinance, 1935-Markets-List of, markets closed.
9. Government Notification 410-Public Health (Animals and Birds) Ordinance, 1935-Prohibition of Importa- tion of equines from Macao and Canton.
10. Government Notification 425-Prisons Ordinance, 1932 -Order that "The Prison Ward" to be set aside for purpose of prison.
11. Government Notification 463-Bangkok place where
cholera prevails-rescission of order relating thereto.
12. Governinent Notification 485-Hoihow an infected port
where cholera prevails.
13. Government Notification 507-Public Health (Sanita- tion) Ordinance, 1935-application to Tsing Yi Urn Cemetery-cancellation of Government Notification 140 and Government Notification 201 relating thereto.
M 5
14. Government Notification 508-Public Health (Sanita- tion) Ordinance, 1935-application of, to Hammer Hill Urn Cemetery.
15. Government Notification 522-Public Health (Sanita- tion) Ordinance, 1935-application of, to extension Chai Wan Cemetery.
16. Government Notifications 647, 648, 649, 650 and 651-
Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance, 1935-Orders relating to removal of bodies.
17. Government Notification 674-Dangerous Drugs Or- dinance, 1935-declaration that Ordinance shall cease to apply to certain preparations.
18. Government Notification 676-Shanghai place where
cholera prevails.
19. Government
Notification
743-Hoihow an infected port where cholera prevails-rescission of order relating thereto.
20. Government Notification 761-Haiphong place where
cholera prevails.
21. Government Notification 762-Rangoon place where
plague prevails.
22. Government Notification 821-Public Health (Food) Ordinance, 1935-Declaration that Kennedy Town Wholesale Market shall be deemed to be a market within by-laws.
23. Government Notification 858-Rangoon place where
plague prevails-rescission of order relating thereto.
C. Finance.
Revenue earned by all divisions of the Medical Department during 1937 amounted to $455,232.42
$455,232.42 as compared with $338,866.09 in 1936. The total ordinary (recurrent) expenditure was $1,866,911.97, the corresponding expenditure for 1936 being $1,574,761.55. Special expenditure amounted to $151,225.47 and $9,565.90 in 1937 and 1936 respectively. The figures for special expenditure do not include the cost of buildings, hospitals, water supplies, etc., a very considerable item. The total expenditure on medical services rose from $1,584,327.25 in 1936 to $2,018,137.44 in the year under review.
- M 6
In order to obtain a more accurate picture of public health expenditure, it is necessary to include such items as water and drainage works, Urban Council cleansing services, etc., as shown in the following table of expenditure:-
Table I.
$
Motor Ambulance Service
31.135.60
Police Department
363.50
Public Works Department
1,935,282.08
Sanitary (Urban Council) Department
1,009,439.35
Subsidies to Charities
204,458.09
Medical Department
2,018,137.44
•
Total.....
.$5,198,816.06
The total revenue for the Colony from all sources in 1937 was $32,111,222.28; hence the expenditure on medical services formed 16.19 per centum of the general revenue.
II. PUBLIC HEALTH.
(A) GENERAL REMARKS.
(I) GENERAL DISEASES.
Three factors had a profound influence on public health in the Colony during 1937.
The most important of these was the outbreak of hostilities between China and Japan. Large numbers of refugees, both white and Asiatic, fled from the war zones and sought a haven in Hong Kong.
Special measures were taken by the Government and various voluntary agencies in an endeavour to cope with the situation and to provide food and shelter to those who had, in many cases, lost their all.
But, as might have been expected, the influx of mostly destitute and unemployed persons into an already congested urban area aggravated insanitary conditions and the number of deaths leaped up from a monthly average of 2,349 for the first seven months of the year to 4,070 in September, giving an average of 3,638 for the last five months of 1937. Many of these refugees arrived from districts in China where health services had become seriously disorganised and where, as a result, epidemic disease had been added to the horrors of the situation. It was not surprising, therefore, that Hong Kong
M 7-
suffered from a visitation of cholera. The disease appeared towards the end of July in which month thirteen cases were discovered. By the time the last victim came under observation in December, some 1,082 persons had lost their lives.
The third distressing occurrence of major importance which afflicted Hong Kong in 1937 was a particularly severe typhoon which devastated the Colony on the 2nd of September.
No accurate estimate of the actual loss of life is possible. Suffice it to say that some 490 bodies of persons who had been drowned or killed were picked up mainly on the foreshore at the eastern entrance to the harbour.
Owing to the lapse of time between deatli and the discovery of the bodies autopsies were impracticablé in many cases. Nearly three hundred of the dead were found in the New Territories, 166 of this number being found at Taipo where many houses collapsed as the result of the tidal wave.
On the other side of the picture, the opening of the Queen Mary Hospital on the 13th of April, 1937, constituted an event of outstanding importance in the history of the Colony, and, inore especially, in connection with the care of the sick and suffering and medical education.
This magnificent hospital of 546 beds with completely modern equipment in all departments, built at a cost of nearly four million dollars (£250,000), replaced the old Government Civil Hospital parts of which dated back over seventy years.
The new building fills a long felt want and enables clinical training to occupy its rightful place in medical education in this Colony.
The completion of the Shing Mun Jubilee Dam which allows of the impounding of three thousand million gallons of water served, as a landmark in the development of public health utilities in these territories.
(II) COMMUNICABLE DISEASES.
(a) Mosquito or insect-borne diseases.
Since the organisation of anti-malarial work under the auspices of the Malaria Bureau, a branch of the Laboratory Division, malaria has become a relatively unimportant disease in the urban areas. It still requires careful watching and control lest it gives rise to the outbreaks that preceded the establishment of the Bureau. The infection rate remains high in certain rural areas where lack of funds and local agricultural customs make remedial measures impracticable. The subject is dealt with in detail in the Report of the Malaria Bureau in Section IX, Scientific.
(i) Plague.
M 8-
(b) Infectious diseases.
Plague continues to remain absent from these territories, although reports are received from time to time of its existence in epidemic proportions in various parts of China, including the Fukien Province, Hainan, etc., and there is always a possibility of it reappearing with all the severity that accompanied the first historical outbreak of 1894. Infection has been absent since
1929.
(ii) Cholera.
Cholera was one of the legacies of disturbed conditions in the Far East. The disease was first recognised in July, although it is significant that notifications of dysentery had al- ready shown a marked increase in June. Bangkok had suffered from a severe epidemic during the first half of the year with 1902 cases and 989 deaths. During the first ten days of July over 100 cases were reported at Hoihow in South China, and on the 22nd of the month the body of a coolie who had died from cholera was landed at Hong Kong from the S.S. "Kwong Tung" coming from Hoihow. On the following day a student arrived fron Canton and died of the disease in Kowloon Hospital. Sporadic cases, totalling thirteen in all, were reported from various parts of Victoria in July. The disease became epidemic with alinost startling suddenness in August when nearly 1,100 cases were found-many refugees probably having brought the infection with them. In September rather over 500 cases occurred followed by an almost equally sudden drop to seventy- two in October, eight in November and a single one in December. Further details are given in "III Hygiene & Sanitation", suffice it to say that the outbreak affected 1,690 persons of whom 1,082 died, a mortality rate of sixty-four per centum.
(iii) Smallpox.
Cases of smallpox were notified in Hong Kong during every month of 1937 except October. The largest number for any single month were encountered in April. A second fastigium occurred in December and this heralded what proved later to be the most serious outbreak within living memory. The yearly total was 129 cases notified of which ninety-four died. There can be little doubt that many cases missed detection owing to successful concealment and to a quite ineffective system of house- to-house visits.
The yearly incidence of smallpox during the preceding fourteen years is of interest for purposes of comparison with that of 1937.
Table II.
Year
Cases
Year Cases
1923. 1924. 1925. 1926. 1927. 1928. 1929. 1320 913 66 49 149 616 977
1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936.
270 15 248 566 153 61 23
M 9
S
(iv) Typhus.
Although rife in many areas in China, typhus was not recognised in Hong Kong during 1937.
(v) Cerebro-spinal fever.
Sporadic cases of cerebro-spinal fever were discovered throughout the year, forty-four out of a total of 157 being notified. in March. March and April are
March and April are the months of maximum prevalence. Eighty-eight or fifty-six per centuin of the patients died. The corresponding figures for 1936 were 123 cases and sixty-five deaths, a case mortality rate of fifty-three per centum. The average annual incidence over the quin-quennium 1932-1986 amounted to approximately 176.
(vi) Pulmonary tuberculosis.
As in past years pulmonary tuberculosis formed rather more than one out of eleven deaths from all causes. The overcrowded conditions under which the poorest and nost under-nourished members of the community live (associated with the exceedingly common and filthy habit of spitting in public places) provide ideal soil for the propagation of this disease, especially since the hospitalization of any but a very small proportion of infectious cases is at present unrealisable.
(vii) Dysentery.
Mention has been inade already of the significant rise in the notification of cases of dysentery which preceded the cholera epidemic of 1937. The greatest number of cases (111) were reported in October, a total of 576 being recorded for the whole. year. There was, fortunately, no repetition of the disastrous milk-borne outbreak of dysentery of the Shiga type in European · children which had claimed several victims in 1936.
(viii) Enteric fever.
July to October were the months of maximum prevalence of the enteric group of fevers. No doubt the refugee problem contributed to the increased incidence from 418 notified cases and 136 deaths in 1936 to 464 and 176 respectively in 1937.
(ix) Diphtheria.
During 1937 the major incidence of notified cases of diphtheria was recorded from November to March inclusive representing the colder winter months. In this instance an actual reduction took place, the figures for 1936 being 375 of which 214 proved fatal, whereas only 308 cases with 148 deaths were notified in 1937.
(x) Scarlet fever.
Scarlet fever is a rarity in Hong Kong, but eight cases were seen during the year.
-
M 10
(xi) Leprosy.
Little is known regarding the amount of leprosy in these territories, although various estimates have been made which tend to the belief that there may be upwards of a thousand or more sufferers from the disease. Until a systematic survey has been carried out by someone skilled in the diagnosis of the condition, the extent of the problem will remain an unknown quantity and provision of accommodation locally or elsewhere would be a matter of guesswork. The possibility is under consideration of eliciting the help of the British Empire Leprosy Relief Association in carrying out such a survey, and of sending the greater number of lepers to the Roman Catholic Settlement at Sheklung in Chinese territory. A daily average of thirty-two lepers were cared for by Government at the Kennedy Town Tung Wah Leper Settlement and forty-nine were sent to Sheklung in the Kwangtung Province of China during the year.
(c) Helminthic diseases.
Whatever may be the true incidence of helminthiasis in the community, the actual number of patients treated in the Government and Chinese hospitals in 1937 was negligible. Roundworm infection headed the list followed by hookworm and tapeworm. Thirty-six in-patients were treated for fluke.
VITAL STATISTICS.
(1) Chinese Population.
Owing to its intimate geographical relationship with South China and to the fact that Hong Kong is a free port with, practically speaking, no effective restriction on immigration or emigration, it is not possible to provide an accurate estimate of the general population. This factor applies even more markedly for the year under review during which a serious refugee problem developed as the result of the Sino-Japanese incident. No figures are of value regarding the actual number of persons who sought refuge in Hong Kong from the fighting in China, although an approximate estimate of 250,000-300,000 has been furnished. Based upon the arithmetical increase in population between the two Census periods of 1921 and 1981, the estimated population at mid-year 1937 amounted to 1,006,982, of whom nearly ninety- eight per centum were Chinese. No account is taken in this estimate of the numbers of refugees now resident in these ter- ritories. The distribution of the population as estimated in the various areas comprising the Colony is given in Table III.
Table III. Kowloon &
New
Island of
Hong Kong.
Kowloon.
New Territories.
Maritime. Totals.
Non-Chinese. 9,847
10,887
Chinese....... 437,982
339,366
476 107,052
1,372 100,000
22,582 984,400
Totals... 447,829 350,253
107,528
101,372 1,006,982
M 11
Registration of births and deaths is compulsory and is carried out under the directions of the Director of Medical Services who is also Registrar-General of Births & Deaths. Procedure is governed by The Births & Deaths Registration Ordinance, No. 21 of 1934, and valuable assistance is obtained from the Police Department and the staff of the Chinese Dispensaries. There are seven register offices in the Island of Hong Kong, four in Kowloon on the mainland and cleven in the New Territories and on certain of the larger islands.
Birth registration is still incomplete, partly as the result of ignorance or laziness and partly owing to a Chinese custom of postponing the event until the child is in its second year.
Against this, a tendency has shown itself since the com- inencement of disturbances in Far Eastern waters to endeavour to register births in Hong Kong as a preliminary step towards claiming British nationality, even when the evidence of local birth is of the most slender.
Births registered in 1937 showed an increase from 27,383 (530 Non-Chinese) in 1936 to 32,303* (692 Non-Chinese). The crude, uncorrected birth-rate for 1937 is calculated as 32.1 per thousand of the mid-year population. This compares with a rate of 27.8 for the previous year. Some 34,635 deaths werc registered in 1987 amongst the civilian population, an increase of 9,255 over the figure for 1936. (In addition, eleven deaths were recorded in the Forces of the Crown during the year.) is significant that the monthly average of deaths for the first seven months of the year was 2,349, whereas the monthly average for the last five months was 3,638-the refugee problem and typhoon being largely accountable. The crude, uncorrected death-rate for the civilian population is estimated at 34.4 per thousand living, the corresponding figure for 1936 being 25.8.
Still-births numbered 913 in 1937 and 976 in 1936.
It
Deaths in Chinese infants under one year of age numbered 9,905 in 1936 and 11,620 in 1937, the respective infant mortality rates being 372 and 376, post-registered births being deducted from the total Chinese births in making the calculation.
(2) Non-Chinese Population.
There were 692 births (387 male and 305 female) including late registrations in this section or 162 inore than in 1936. The crude birth-rate is estimated to be 30.6 per thousand living in 1937 as compared with 23.3 in 1936. ·
Non-Chinese deaths numbered 236 (apart from seventeen deaths in the Forces of the Crown) in 1936 giving a death-rate of 10.9 per thousand living. In the year under review the figures were 244 (excluding eleven deaths in the Forces) with a death- rate of eleven.
*Includes 744 post registrations after 12 months (705 Chinese, 39 Non-Chinese).
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In spite, therefore, of the very definite deterioration in the health conditions prevailing amongst the Chinese inhabitants in 1937, there was little or no falling off in the health of the Non-Chinese elements. This may have been due to the fact that, generally speaking, the standard of living amongst the Non-Chinese elements was maintained. There were three still- births in the Non-Chinese community.
Deaths in infants of Non-Chinese nationality amounted to thirty as compared with nineteen in 1936-an infant mortality rate of forty-six, the rate for the previous year being thirty-seven.
Nearly seventy-seven per centum of the deaths in Non- Chinese were certified by medical practitioners who attended the deceased in life, whereas only fifty-eight per centum of Chinese deaths were similarly certified. Many of the uncertified deaths in Chinese were in respect of bodies of unknown persons deposited in the street.
Sick and invaliding rates are not obtainable in the case of the general Non-Asiatic population.
(3) European Officials.
Table IV furnishes data regarding the health of European officials during 1937 and affords means of comparison with the state of health of this section of the community in the preceding two years.
Table IV.
1935.
Total number of officials resident
Average number resident
1936. 1937.
900* 942* 940* 881+ 930t 918
Total number on sick list
396
453 453
Total number of days on sick list
5,908
7,144
6,134
Average daily number on sick list Percentage of sick to average number
resident
16
20
17
45%
49%
49%
Average number of days on sick list for
each patient
15
16
14
Average sick time (in days) to each
resident
7
8
7
Total number invalided
6
10
12
Percentage of invalidings to total
residents
Total deaths
Percentage of deaths to total residents... Percentage of deaths to total average
number resident
0.66% 1.06% 1.28%
5
7
3 0.55% 0.74% 0.32%
0.57% 0.75% 0.33%
* Figure given shows the total number of European officials who received salary in the Colony in December of corresponding year.
+ Figure given was arrived at by dividing the total number of European officials who received salary locally throughout the year by the number of months in the year.
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The causes of death in 1937 were as follows:
(1) Carcinoma of liver,
cholaemia.
(2) Perforative appendicitis,
peritonitis embolism.
(3) Bullet wound of head,
laceration of brain.
Officials were invalided on the following grounds: ---
(1) Pulmonary tuberculosis.
(2) Sprue (2 cases).
(4) Secondary carcinoma following primary carcinoma of
uterus.
(5) Enlargement of the thyroid gland.
(6) Defective vision, neurasthenia,
general debility.
(7) A type of neuroses.
(8) Myocarditis.
(9) Hyperpiesia.
(10) Gastric ulcer.
(11) Colitis, progressive debility,
nervous exhaustion.
(12) Fracture of skull.
(4) Chinese officials.
No accurate data are available in respect of the sick, invaliding or death-rates of Chinese and other Asiatic officials during the year under review.
For further information on the subject of vital statistics reference should be made to Appendix C of this Report.
.
M 14-
III.-HYGIENE & SANITATION.
(A) GENERAL REVIEW OF WORK DONE AND
PROGRESS MADE.
(1)-PREVENTIVE MEASURES.
(i) Mosquito & insect-borne diseases.
(a) Malaria.
The surveys and research work carried out by the Malariologist and staff of the Malaria Bureau which was established in 1930 have borne fruit and malarial infection is now limited to rural areas and to the outlying parts of towns. Constant vigilance is, however, needed to ensure that there is no slackening up of anti-malarial activities in urban areas where it has not yet been found possible to intitute permanent drainage works requiring a minimum of maintenance.
The subject is being dealt with in detail in the Report of the Malaria Bureau in Section IX, Scientific, consequently it is not proposed to describe malaria preventive measures in this section.
Two points are, however, deserving of record.
Firstly, the number of cases of the disease admitted to Government hospitals increased during the last two years as may be seen from Table V.
Year.
Table V.
1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936. 1937.
Cases of malaria
treated in hospitals. 585 465 475 457 384 581 677
Secondly, a not inconsiderable amount of breeding of the anopheline vectors takes place in paddy-fields and in land under wet cultivation. It is often undesirable on economic grounds to abolish this form of agricultural activity. At the same time the areas are too extensive with the staff and funds available to permit of treatment with Paris-green or other non-oily larvicide. As an alternative, advice is given in places infected with mosquitos for screening, spraying of the interiors of rooms with insecticide, and the use of bed nets and of prophylactic quinine.
Part of the former prison at Lai Chi Kok was mosquito- proofed during the year.
•
M 15
(b) Yellow Fever; etc.
Yellow fever is fortunately unknown in these territories and filariasis is relatively uncommon and may be quite symptomless and so need not invite special mention. Other diseases capable of being insect-borne are dealt with under separate heads.
(ii) Epidemic diseases. (a). Plague.
Systematic trapping of rats was carried out throughout the year, some 221,652 being trapped of which 16,375 were caught alive. It is not suggested that this has any influence on the rat population. On the other hand, a portion of each daily catch was taken to the public mortuaries where a morbid examination is made. Up to the present no staff has been available for taking and examining spleen smears, hence it is scarcely legitimate to affirm the presence or absence of P. pestis; although, in the absence of human cases, there is a certain aimount of presumptive evidence in its favour.
Periodical cleansing of dwellings was undertaken and the cominunity was encouraged to abolish rat-harbourages as far as possible and to render their premises unattractive to rats by protecting food-stuffs. Some 1313 rat holes on premises were sealed up during the year as compared with 1811 in 1936.
Measures aimed at preventing the introduction of plague by sea are referred to in the section dealing with Port Health Work and Administration.
(b) Cholera.
Reference has been made earlier in this Report to the serious outbreak of cholera which visited these territories in 1937. Preventive measures included the following:-
(a) Inspection and examination of all arrivals by train and boat, especially those coming from Canton and Macao;
(b) Isolation and treatment of sick;
(c) Mass inoculation;
(d) Legislation to minimise infection by food;
(e) Propaganda in press;
(f) Intensive house-to-house inspection and disinfection of
infected dwellings.
With regard to (a), all arrivals of river steamers at night were prohibited; vessels were examined under Police guard at the wharves; special measures were taken by the Port Health Authorities to ensure the effective cleansing of passenger decks, kitchens and lavatories after the passengers had disembarked; and passengers were examined on alighting from trains.
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As regards (b), the sick were originally tended at the Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kennedy Town. Later, when the numbers increased so rapidly, they were accommodated in Block A of the old Government Civil Hospital-as many as 328 being under treatment there at the same time. In all 1401 cases were admitted and 776 died, a case mortality of fifty-five per centum.
In regard to (c), free inoculation was given at all hospitals, public dispensaries and at centres staffed by the St. Jolin Ambulance Association & Brigade. Over a quarter of a million inoculations were administered. Figures are not available as to the number of persons at risk. Of fifty-two cases known to have received anti-cholera inoculation twenty-five or forty-eight per centum died, whereas of 462 persons who had not received such protection as inoculation provides 306 or sixty-six per centum died.
As regards (d), regulations were made by the Governor-in- Council restricting the sale of certain foods and drinks.
Propaganda mentioned at (e) related to articles in the Press and in particular a pamphlet entitled "Precautions to be taken ́ to avoid Cholera" which was distributed generally and which was printed in the English and Chinese Press.
The sanitary inspectorate were requested to exercise increased vigilance.
The sanitary staff is inadequate and its organisation has been the subject of considerable criticism for years past by those best qualified to speak. There is little wonder that the epidemic broke with such suddenness upon the Colony under the con- ditions prevailing. Reference will be made later in this Report to the possible influence of methods of nightsoil and refuse dis- posal in vogue on the incidence and spread of acute intestinal disease.
(c) Smallpox.
Preventive measures against smallpox included vaccination, 443,021 persons being vaccinated at Government hospitals, Chinese public dispensaries and at centres established by St. John Ambulance Association & Brigade. This voluntary organis- ation has rendered very valuable assistance for many years past and the general public owe it a deep debt of gratitude. Vaccination of infants within six weeks of birth or of arrival in the Colony is compulsory under the Vaccination Ordinance and the necessary notices are handed to parents and guardians of children attending at the Register Offices to register the birth. In the absence of vaccination certificates in respect of such infants, reminders are sent by post.
M 17
Amongst a series of 28,461 births registered in the General Register Office and in the Chinese Public Dispensaries in 1937, some 21,232 infants were vaccinated by this means. Vaccination of school children is also compulsory and public vaccinators visited schools to offer their services.
Inmates of prisons, reformatories, refuges and similar institu- tions are also required to be vaccinated. Emigrants by boat from Hong Kong are subject to the compulsory clause. Vaccination of immigrants is also permissible under certain conditions, but has not been effected so far. The reasons for this are somewhat obscure, but relate to the desire that ships arriving in Hong Kong should suffer no delay of any sort from quarantine precautions, even though they may be actually importing cases of acute infectious disease or large numbers of unvaccinated passengers of the poorest class.
Lastly, vaccination is compulsory of persons whom the Health Authority has reason to suspect have been exposed to infection. This provision is valuable on theoretical rather than on practical grounds. Owing to the fact that the majority of the cases of smallpox during epidemic periods are "missed" or are found after death dumped into the streets, there are no means of ascertaining the addresses from which they were carried.
Lymph is prepared in the Government Bacteriological Institute under conditions which ensure a high standard of potency and low bacterial infection. Buffalo calves are used. The lymph is put up in metal containers each holding three cubic centimetres and capable of being used for about sixty insertions.
Cases of the disease were isolated at the Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kennedy Town when discovered; but nearly half the total number of cases notified were not found until after death.
In all, ninety-four deaths occurred in a total of 129. Such a high mortality rate is unlikely and it is much more probable that many "missed" cases occurred with unfortunate results. A more effectively organised sanitary inspectorate under the direct control of the Medical Officers of Health would prevent this state of affairs from taking place and should result in much avoidable suffering and loss of life from preventable disease. Disinfection of premises where cases were discovered or to which they could be traced was also carried out together with vaccination of contacts. Here again as the sanitary inspectorate had not been trained as public vaccinators time was lost-and contacts no doubt escaped-between the discovery of a case of smallpox and securing the services of a public vaccinator.
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(iii) Other Diseases,
(a) Leprosy.
Apart from offering asylum to lepers at the Kennedy Town Settlement where the inmates come and go at will and sending a number of lepers who have come to the Colony from other parts of China to the Shek Lung Settlement in Chinese territory, no special measures were taken against the disease during the year.
The problem is bound up with the low standard of living in the poorest classes and until economic conditions, nutrition and environmental sanitation improve, it is unlikely that there will be any marked change in the incidence of the disease.
(b) Tuberculosis.
Efforts were made to provide accommodation for infectious cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in special wards at the Govern- ment and certain of the Chinese hospitals were room isolation at home was impracticable. It must be admitted, however, that the majority of "open" cases remain in close contact with the community and are only recognized at autopsy.
Provision of special institutions or of separate hospital accommodation for all persons suffering from the disease in a communicable form is an ideal to be aimed at, but one economically impossible to achieve at the present time.
In the meantime, energies are being directed on schemes. for improving the housing of the poorest classes and on investi- gation into the causes of malnutrition which exerts such a pro- found influence on the incidence of cases and their severity.
Legislation was drawn up during the year with a view to bringing about the compulsory pasteurization of milk, but the opposition succeeded in postponing this for the time being.
There is every reason to believe that this opposition is disappearing concurrently with a better appreciation of the subject by the general public and that the necessary legislation will be enacted in 1938.
The possibility of legislating against spitting in public places is also under consideration, a similar law having been enacted some years ago in Malaya where there is a large proportion of Chinese in the population. A further possibility relates to the carrying out of a survey by an experienced observer lent to the Medical Department by the National Association for the Prevention of Tuberculosis; but no definite arrangements have been made to date in this connection.
M 19
F
(iv) Helminthic diseases.
Preventive measures against helminthic diseases included the control of nightsoil and refuse see the relevant section-- war on flies, inspection of meat and foodstuffs. Little or no satisfactory organization exists in the New Territories for dealing with wastes and the more rural portions of the Urban Council Area in the Island and Kowloon. The markets and slaughter houses in the Urban Areas are under the supervision of the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon and have not yet been placed under the control of the Health Officers of the respective districts.
(v) Diseases of animals.
The Colonial Veterinary Surgeon reported the following details, inter alia, relating to diseases in animals for the period under review:
Live stock in the Colony on 31st December, 1937
Cows
Goats
Horses
Urban Council New
Total
Area
Territories
2,038
1,000
3,038
137
200
337
353
200
553
Swine number unknown.
Some 180 cattle, 265 dogs and 230 horses were examined and passed through quarantine during the year. These figures do not include animals ianported for slaughter or consigned to the Military Authorities. Tuberculosis was found in three cattle and one swine at the depots. There were three cases of glanders and two of anthrax. Twenty-nine animal brains were examined by the Government Bacteriologist and Negri bodies found in two.
(vi) Seasonal prevalence of diseases.
Owing to the influx of refugees following the outbreak of hostilities in the late summer of 1937, there was દી marked increase in the amount of morbidity and of mortality in the community; consequently it would not be justifiable to infer any definite seasonal prevalence. A very marked increase in deaths from all causes was recorded during the last five months
of the year.
J
M 20
—
(II)-GENERAL MEASURES OF SANITATION.
(a) Sewage disposal.
An increasing number of premises in the Urban Council Area were connected up with the public sewers or acquired septic tank installations during the year under review. The Public Works Department supervised the installation of water closets in 1,470 instances in private dwellings, the figure com- paring with 904 for the previous year. There still remain many houses and the vast majority of tenements and shop-houses which depend upon a bucket system for the disposal of nightsoil. Except in the case of the Peak District of Hong Kong and certain Government buildings, buckets are collected by coolies, mostly women, employed by contractors. There is no double- bucket system and the contents of house buckets are carried away in closed wooden receptacles during the hours of darkness, through the streets to a fleet of junks berthed along the water front. During 1937 there were seven stations on the Island of Hong Kong and five in Kowloon on the mainland.
The junks in question form part of the conservancy system owned by the Urban Council. When they have collected their quota of nightsoil in the steel-lined compartments of their holds, the junks are taken by sea to Gin Drinkers Bay. Here night- soil is baled out by anen standing shoulder deep in excreta into other junks owned by contractors. In nomnal times the
nightsoil is carried up the Canton River by the second fleet of junks and sold chiefly for the fertilization of the mulberry trees on which the silkworms feed.
Since the decline in the industry and particularly since Sino-Japanese hostilities made coastal shipping rather a pre- carious trade, there has been a tendency for the contractors owning the second fleet of junks to dispose of nightsoil to market gardeners and for fish ponds in the New Territories. This obviously constitutes a grave source of danger when it is remembered that typhoid and dysentery are common in Hong Kong and that outbreaks of cholera are also not of infrequent occurrence. Although a certain amount of revenue accrues from the sale of nightsoil to contractors in the way described, there is always a danger of the junks being unable to function owing to strikes in labour or to typhoons. The service was, in fact, seriously disorganised during the typhoon season 1937. For this reason, steps are being taken to investigate the possibility of drastically altering the system and to arrange for nightsoil to be dumped at stated places-usually public latrines
of
from which it will be carried away in sewers to the deep sea either direct when no danger to public health can be assured or after partial purification by the activated sludge process with the effluent passing over aeration beds.
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In the rural areas and in certain outlying parts of the Urban Council Area, uncovered pig pits are used for receiving human excreta. Flies and mal-odours are the inevitable accom-
paniments.
The collection and removal of nightsoil is controlled by conservancy by-laws made under the Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance, No. 15 of 1935.
(b) Refuse disposal.
Refuse is collected from dustbins by the Sanitary Depart- ment of the Urban Council. The service is a twice daily one in the urban districts of Hong Kong and Kowloon and once daily in the Peak and outskirts of the purely urban areas. An appreciable proportion of the four hundred and eighty-four tons collected daily is carried in open baskets through the streets by women coolies who perform the service in return for being allowed to make use of remnants of food, etc., for pig wash. This private scavenging system possesses obvious draw- backs, especially during the summer months, since each coolie is accompanied by a cloud of flies some of which may detach themselves and enter premises along the route.
About three-quarters of the refuse is collected into covered Sanitary Department motor lorries of which twelve function in Hong Kong with about half that number in Kowloon. House- hold waste from these and that carried in open baskets is tipped into barges or dust boats five of which are stationed at various parts of the sea front in Hong Kong and four in Kowloon.
The dust boats lie alongside for several hours each day and are a prolific source of flies during the summer months.
They are taken by tugs, except when equipped with their own power, to a refuse disposal area established in the shallow waters of Kowloon Bay at Kun Tong. A considerable amount of land has already been formed in this way and should be valuable after consolidation for building purposes. The refuse is top-dressed with a foot or more of dredged sand and mud from the approaches to Hong Kong harbour. Once the filling area is reduced to reasonable proportions the fly nuisance at this dump should be very considerably lessened.
Spraying of insecticide in carried out on the dust boats before they return to their urban stations, but this is only partially effective and it is usual for many flies to be transported back. This nuisance has been lessened in some degree since coolies working on the dust boats were forbidden to comb the refuse for rags, etc., and to take these back in the boats return- ing from the disposal area. A second refuse dump is maintain- ed in swampy land near Aberdeen on Hong Kong Island.
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Only one public incinerator exists and is sited at Kennedy Town on the Island. Here dirty dressing from hospitals, con- demned carcasses and slaughter house waste are burned.
The refuse disposal system has certain definite objections from the public health standpoint, but it is capable of improve- ment and is certainly a degree better than the former arrange- ment under which all refuse was dumped at sea.
Incineration of all waste at one or more points on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon and the New Territories with the utilisation of ash and incombustible material for filling reclaimable areas con- stitutes an ideal to be aimed for when financial considerations justify. It may be of interest to note that the existing system was seriously interrupted at the time of the typhoon. Two dust boat stations were completely demolished and others were severely damaged. In addition, one refuse barge was lost and three partially destroyed. Apart from the normal amount of refuse, some 1,500 tons resulted from the typhoon and took a week to clear.
Refuse barges may be out of action for four days at a time when the typhoon signal is raised and refuse has to be dumped at certain points along the shore during that period, a proceed- ing that has certain grave public health objections.
(c) Drainage.
As in previous years a comprehensive system of surface drainage was undertaken by the Public Works Department in 1937. In addition, a considerable amount of anti-malarial drainage was constructed in the neighbourhood of Kai Tak Aerodrome, in the proposed cantonment area at Kowloon Tong on the outskirts of Kowloon, and elsewhere.
(d) Water supplies.
Mention has been made earlier in this Report of the com- pletion of the Shing Mun Jubilee Dam supplying water to Kowloon and Victoria townships. As might be expected with water works installed over a long period of years, the type and efficiency varies somewhat.
The water supply of Hong Kong which is under the control of the Water Department of the Public Works Department is obtained from impounding reservoirs having a combined maximum capacity of 5,971 million gallons and a combined drainage area of 10,536 acres or nearly sixteen and a half square miles.
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Storage particulars are as follows:
Table VI.
Name of reservoir
Locality
Capacity (million gallons)
Remarks
Tytam
Island
362
Gravitational
Tytam Byewash
Wongneichong
Aberdeen (Upper)
Pokfulam
22
30
""
173
66
17
Tytam (Intermediate)
196
""
Requires pump-
ing
Tytam Tuk
39
1,406
17
19
Aberdeen (Lower)
107
"
2,362
Total Island
storage
Kowloon
Mainland
353
Gravitational
Kowloon Byewash
186
11
Shek Li Pui
116
Jubilee (Shing Mun).
>>
2,921
Reception
33
3,609
www
Total mainland
2,362
storage Total Island
5,971
storage Total storage
The mainland, i.e. Kowloon and New Kowloon, is supplied solely from mainland sources. The Island is supplied partly from its own storage and partly from the mainland by way of two submarine mains.
M 24
Table VII shows the arrangements regarding filtration:-
Table VII.
Normal
Name of plant
capacity
Locality
(million
Remarks
gallons
per day)
Eastern
Island
2.6
Bowen Road
3.0
21
Albany
1.8
"}
Elliot
1.8
4.0
""
West Point
0.7
>>
Chai Wan
0.2
14.1
Slow sand with pre-filters
Paterson's rapid gravity
Slow sand only
Slow sand with pre-filters
Paterson's rapid gravity
Slow sand only
Total Island capacity
Shek Li Pui Mainland
15.0
Paterson's rapid gravity
Kowloon
3.0
Slow sand only
>>
18.0
Total Mainland capacity
14.1
Total Island capacity
32.1
Total capcaity
With the exception of supplies in the Pokfulam area of the Island all water from Government supplies is chlorinated after filtration. Chlorination is generally carried out by means of Paterson chloronomes.
The dosage of chlorine varies seasonally but averages about one half part per million.
Bacteriological results for 1937 were as follows: —
Samples
1,028
86
31
1,145
Table VIII.
B. coli communis
were absent in 50 c.c. (89.8%)
were above standard (B. coli absent in 10 c.c.)
(7.5%)
were below standard (2.7%)
Total number of examinations made (of filtered
water)
•
M 25
During 1937 consumption on the Island varied between twelve and nineteen million gallons per day and on the mainland between seven and a half and twelve million gallons per day.
Until last year periodical restriction of the supply was an annual occurrence particularly on the Island, but as storage was then practically doubled by the completion of the Jubilee Reser- voir, this unsatisfactory state of affairs is not so likely to happen in future, always provided funds for necessary exten- sions
forthcoming. Consumers are supplied generally through metered house services of which there are about 24,000; although public stand pipes are provided for those who are unwilling to pay for water by meter.
Present charges for water are as follows:
**
Two per centum on assessed value of premises;
fifty cents per 1,000 gallons (less fifteen per centum for prompt payment) for consumption in excess of a statutory free allowance based on the two per centum rate;
*one dollar per 1,000 gallons is charged for shipping
and construction supplies, and
thirty-five cents per 1,000 gallons for unfiltered
supplies.
A new Waterworks Ordinance involving revised charges for water is at present under consideration.
The average consumption per head per day amounts to about thirty-two gallons.
It is hoped that funds will be available shortly to enable Albany Service Reservoir to be covered and the unfiltered and unchlorinated water in the Pokfulam area to be adequately dealt with. Recommendations for the covering of the Albany Reser- voir were put forward by the late Professor Sir William Simpson sen't out to this Colony by the Secretary of State thirty-six years ago.
Although only just over one per centum of the Government pipe-borne water now remains untreated, it is unwise that even this relatively small proportion should serve lais a potential source of water-borne disease in a country subjected to periodical invasion by cholera and where large reservoirs of typhoid and dysentery are constantly at hand.
Note.-One Hong Kong dollar of one hundred cents varies in exchange value
but is often worth about one shilling and three pence.
- M 26-
(e) Clearance of bush and undergrowth.
In spite of a rainfall of over eighty inches during the year, clearance of bush did not represent a matter of any moment in the Colony.
(f) Domiciliary visiting and inspections.
-
House-to-house inspection forms part of the duties of the Health Officers and Sanitary Inspectorate, theoretically the Sanitary Inspectors being grouped round the Health Officers for this and other purposes. In actual practice the Sanitary Inspectors are not under the control of the Medical Officers of Health but under the Chairman of the Urban Council of Hong Kong, a quasi-municipal body which functions mainly as а cleansing department but which possesses limited powers and is without fiscal autonomy. The system is unsatisfactory from many points of view and strong representations have been made to Government to sanction a reorganization on up-to-date lines. It is over twelve years ago that Sanitary Inspectors were placed under the general control of the Medical Officers of Health in the United Kingdom (Sanitary Officers Ordinance, 1926). There are some hopes of this change being effected in 1938 this reform being long overdue and the present system militating against the health and well-being of the community.
It is estimated that, apart from premises occupied by Euro- peans and the larger banks, stores, etc., there are about 23,347 Chinese-type houses in the Urban Council Area of Hong Kong and Kowloon. The majority of these are of three storeys or floors. Some 220,713 floors were subjected to cleansing with kerosene oil emulsion during the year. Since each Sanitary Inspector is responsible for supervising a district containing 30,000 or more inhabitants, the majority of whom live under lamentably overcrowded conditions, domiciliary visiting which forms but a part of the duties of an Inspector can hardly be regarded as effective. This is borne out by the fact that numbers of cases of dangerous infectious disease, e.g., cholera, smallpox, etc., are "missed" and many fatal cases only seen in the mortuaries after being dumped in the streets.
Such a dangerous state of affairs could hardly exist with an adequate and effectively supervised inspectorate working under the direct orders of the Medical Officers of Health who are nominally responsible for the health of the town.
(g) Offensive trades.
Some 186 premises were licensed for offensive trade pur- poses in Hong Kong and Kowloon.
The list of different businesses comprised the following:- battery manufacture and manganese crushing 30, bone boiling and storing 20, chromium plating 5, cleansing and storing of sharks fins 31, fat boiling and soap manufacture 39, feather
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drying, cleaning and sorting 15, hair (including human) drying, cleaning and sorting 6, packing of skins and hides 1, pig roasting 22, rag sorting and picking 11, resin boiling 2, tanneries 4.
With the exception of the establishments dealing in sharks fins and pig roasting most of the trades mentioned above were confined to certain districts of the Urban Council Area set aside for the purpose.
Many of these undertakings are small and might be classed as house industries. In point of fact they are not infrequently carried on in premises designed as dwelling houses and not for commercial use. The battery industry which is of comparatively recent growth operates under conditions far from satisfactory owing to the primitive methods employed. Definite cases of poisoning with manganese have not so far been discovered, but it is more than likely that some of the ill-health suffered by the workers mostly women-is attributable to working in the dust- laden atmosphere of these factories.
The feather cleaning industry is equally unsatisfactory from the workers standpoint, especially as the labour roll is almost invariably made up of women and young girls. Attempts to insist upon the wearing of masks in the dust-laden atmosphere have failed and the only solution would appear to be the intro- duction of legislation to enforce mechanical cleaning.
(III)-SCHOOL HYGIENE.
The School Hygiene Branch of the Medical Department first came into being in 1925 when a Health Officer was specially allocated for this work. Four years later a Chinese Health Officer was appointed to assist. În 1933 a second Chinese Health Officer was added to the staff. The Branch is now made up of one European and two Chinese Health Officers, a part-time Lady Medical Officer and five Nurses.
The educational institutions in the Colony may be classified into three groups: -(1) Government schools, of which there are twenty-one with 5,643 scholars, (2) Grant-in-Aid schools, num- bering nineteen with 8,676 scholars, and (3) Private schools, which are termed 'vernacular' when teaching is in Chinese, or 'English' when teaching is in English. Of the private schools, 284 with 20,210 scholars were subsidised, and 853 with 52,464 scholars were unaided. The majority of schools in the last category are very far from being satisfactory from the hygienic standpoint.
Under the Education Ordinance, 1913, the Director of Education is empowered to refuse applications for registration and to remove the names of schools from the register if such are not "properly and efficiently carried on".
The School Hygiene Branch is responsible for the medical supervision of school children and for the inspection of schocl premises.
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(a) Medical supervision of scholars.
With the limited staff it is only possible for a small propor- tion of the school population to be medically examined.
In the period under review 5,802 medical examinations were carried out in eighteen Government schools, the remaining three Government educational institutions being of a special nature and not subject to medical inspection.
Some twenty-six per centum of the scholars examined were found to be suffering from defects of one kind or another, excluding dental or eye troubles.
Dental disease formed the largest group of defects met with. There is no School Dental Officer, consequently the persons affected have to seek private treatment.
Visual disorders came next in frequency, myopia accounting for nine tenths in this group. Myopia commonly develops between eleven and thirteen years of age and progresses through- out school life. Its incidence amounted to twenty-six per centum amongst scholars of all ages in the Government schools examined.
Pulmonary tuberculosis was detected or strongly suspected in seventeen out of 1,506 scholars examined for this condition, an incidence of just over one per centum.
Deformities of the chest and postural deformities of the spine were found to be common in entrants to Government schools.
Table IX gives some indication of the number of attendances of scholars at the various school clinics :-
Table IX.
Violet Peel Health Centre
100
Special Clinic for ears, nose & throat ...
396
Special Clinic for refraction
636
Yaumati School Clinic
670
Ellis Kadoorie School Clinic
978
Total
2,780
Seventy-six visits were paid by the School Nurses to the
homes of scholars for purposes of giving advice.
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It is of interest to note that in 1931 a charge varying from fifty cents on entrance to three dollars per annum was made payable by scholars attending Government schools. This fee entitles such scholars to obtain spectacles when these are prescribed at School Clinics. It also covers hospital fees for pupils admitted to hospital for operations on the tonsils and adenoids and the cost of exercises for the relief of squint. A Physical Training Supervisor was appointed in the Education Department during 1937 to organise schemes for physical train- ing in Government and other schools.
(b) Inspection of premises.
At the request of the Education Department a number of visits were paid to premises in the urban districts in order to report on their suitability for registration. Some 614 such visits were undertaken. In many instances premises were found to be used as schools before they had been inspected or registered. Many of such schools have been found to be very overcrowded, to possess inadequate lighting and ventilation, to lack simple furniture and to be deficient in latrine accommodation, water supply and proper means of refuse disposal.
The existing legislation needs strengthening on the subject of school hygiene and it is hoped that such additions or amend- ments as may be necessary will be enacted during 1938. Certain additional subordinate Health staff will be required to propagate the reasonable standards which it is proposed should be adopted.
It cannot be emphasised too strongly that by far the best method of teaching hygiene to scholars is by ensuring that the school premises themselves are satisfactory from the public health standpoint.
(IV)-LABOUR CONDITIONS.
Labour conditions suffered a definite deterioration during the latter half of 1937 owing to the tens of thousands of refugees from the areas affected by the Sino-Japanese incident, many of whom were practically destitute and sought to throw themselves into the labour market. Even in normal times labour is some- what too easily obtainable from the inexhaustible reservoir in China. This large surplus of labour was offset to a small extent by the establishing of factories by commercial interests who were no longer able to function in the troubled zones of Shanghai, Tientsin and other places in China. In addition, a number of small workshops caine into existence to supply uniforms and other equipment for the armies in China.
For the most part labourers are. paid on a piece-work basis. Wages vary widely, female workers in electric torch battery factories may earn as low a rate as fifteen cents per day, the normal rates for male and female labourers being from sixty to
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seventy-five cents for the former and forty to sixty cents for the latter per day. Hours of work vary in the different trades and occupations but are usually about nine hours with overtime up to another four hours. Apart from Government activities the bulk of the labour is employed in house-building, ship- building and engineering, transport, market gardening, fishing, domestic and quasi-municipal service, and in factories and workshops.
Two mines are operated in the New Territories and employ about 600 labourers. In the Lin Ma Hang Mine satisfactory accommodation has been provided for labourers, but this is not the case with a Wolfram Mine up to the present time. There are no estates or plantations similar to those found in Malaya, Ceylon, and similar eastern colonies and dependencies.
A small but valuable piece of legislation was introduced during the year under review in the form of Regulations under the New Territories Regulation Ordinance, 1910.
This provided the Health Authorities in the New Territories with the power to require certain types of employers of labour to construct suitable housing accommodation for their labourers and to carry out anti-malarial measures in the area occupied by the proposed works. Owing to lack of liaison between the authorities concerned, works are not infrequently undertaken without any notification to the authorities and, hence, without satisfactory provision for the labourers employed.
It is unlikely that conditions of labour will show any marked improvement in Hong Kong until a Labour Code, possibly on the lines of that promulgated in the Federated Malay States several years ago, has been enacted laying down a
minimum wage, adequate housing, and so on.
(V)-HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING.
Housing in the Colony is controlled under the Buildings Ordinance, No. 18 of 1935.
The vast majority of the houses occupied by the labouring classes are built back-to-back with narrow frontages (governed originally by the length of China fir used) and often with con- servancy back-lanes six feet or more in width.
In many houses built prior to the Public Health & Buildings Ordinance, No. 1 of 1903, the open space provided within the plot boundaries is often less than 100 square feet in extent.
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Houses constructed subsequent to the passing of No. 1 Or- dinance of 1903 possess a larger open space; one quarter of the plot being reserved when the land was purchased before the Or- dinance came into force and one third in cases when the land was obtained after the passing of the Ordinance. The more usual type of older house is of three storeys, often with a cock loft to increase the accommodation, and has a frontage of sixteen to twenty-five feet, a depth of thirty-five to forty feet. The lower storey is often a shop. The upper storeys consist of one large room divided into three or more cubicles separated by partitions six or seven feet high, with a kitchen at the back. In the older houses there is but one latrine on the ground floor serving the whole house but those of more modern construction have a latrine on each floor. In some cases the approach lanes be- tween each group of houses have been built over by what is termed locally "riding floors", the lower storey serving as a thoroughfare occupied by hawkers, street sleepers, and littered with debris.
Lighting and ventilation, means of access to upper floors (and escape in case of fire) and sanitary accommodation in this type of house is very unsatisfactory.
Recent legislation enacted in the year previous to that under review seeks to rectify many of these defects and set a much higher standard for new buildings.
Not only are the majority of the houses in Victoria, at any rate of poorer type, arranged with little or no regard for the principles of town-planning but they are individually grossly overcrowded. This condition of overcrowding became still more aggravated in the latter half of 1937, chiefly owing to the influx of refugees but also to the conversion of dwelling houses into factories and schools to replace those destroyed or menaced in areas in China affected by the Sino-Japanese hostilities. The Administration is faced with very serious difficulties in dealing with this problem of housing and overcrowding and it is to be hoped that the Housing Commission appointed by the Govern- ment in 1935 will be able to devise a satisfactory solution.
The general sense of insecurity influenced private building during 1987 and a considerable reduction took place in the number of houses constructed in the urban areas.
With the exception of one or two reclaimed areas town planning is more or less non-existent in the Urban Council Areas of the Island and there is no legislation dealing with the subject apart from the question of zones for offensive trades.
On the other hand, some admirable town planning has been effected in Kowloon and New Kowloon on the mainland and this district presents a far simpler public health problem.
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The building branch of the Public Works Department is responsible for controlling building, the Health Division of the Medical Department serving in an advisory capacity.
The Sanitary Department which functions in the Urban Council Area only has little or nothing to do with housing other than, for example, the removal of obstructions. This is well shown in the subjoined table.
Table X.
Nature of work.
No. in No. in
1936.
1937.
By whom supervised.
1. Obstructions removed
from open spaces
615
1,240 Sanitary Dept.
2. Obstructions to light &
ventilation removed... 1,793
1,598
do.
3. Houses demolished
(domestic)
134
167 Public Works Dept.
4. Houses demolished
(non-domestic)
9
3
do.
5. Houses erected
(domestic)
205
160
do.
6. Houses erected
(non-domestic)
14
14
do.
7. Houses reconstructea
(domestic)
150
135
do.
8. Houses reconstructed
(non-domestic)
1
do.
(VI)-FOOD IN RELATION TO HEALTH & DIsease.
A large market of modern design was opened at Wanchai early in the year and a second smaller market at Stanley at the end of the year.
The demolition of the old Central Market in Victoria was commenced in September, 1937, in order to make room for a new structure. The retail stall-holders were accommodated in temporary stalls in the Western. Market and the whole-sale dealers in a new market, the Kennedy Town Wholesale Market.
Under the present rather anomalous organisation of the Sanitary Department vis à vis the Health Division of the Medical Department, health conditions in markets are under the supervision of the Colonial Veterinary Surgeons instead of under the Health Officers.
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Hawkers of foodstuffs in the public highways continued to present a public health problem, both as regards the methods of preparation of their wares and the means of protection-or lack of means-of foodstuffs from dust and flies.
In cases where a district was well-supplied with restaurants and eating shops, efforts were made to discourage hawking. The prevalence of diseases of the enteric type has been mentioned earlier in this Report, and the need for special care was of still greater importance during the summer of 1937 when cholera broke out. The sale of food (and drugs) is governed by the following legis- lation: :
(1) Adulterated Food & Drugs Ordinance, No. 8 of 1935. (2) Public Health (Food) Ordinance, No. 13 of 1935. (3) Hawkers Ordinance, No. 22 of 1935.
In addition, special ad hoc bye-laws were drawn up to meet the dangers resulting from the cholera epidemic and preliminary steps were taken to introduce compulsory pasteurization.
These bye-laws prohibited persons from selling cut or peeled fruit controlled by permit the sale of ice cream, non-aerated fruit juice or herbal drinks and certain jellies, uncooked fish, mussels, etc.
Under the Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordinance, Health Officers, Veterinary Surgeons and Sanitary Inspectors are authorised by the Urban Council, on the recommendation of the Director of Medical Services, to take samples and to submit them for analysis.
In Table XI below details of this work are given.
Table XI.
Food or drug.
Boracic ointment
No. of samples analysed.
4
38
4 37
Butter
Castor oil
Cheese
Coffee
Epsom salts
Glauber salts
5
Glycerine
4
Lard
16
Milk (fresh)
145
Milk (unsweetened evaporated)
22
Paraffin
4
Seidlitz powder
4
Tea
39
Water
1
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Nine out of the 145 samples of fresh milk were found to be below the standard, the remaining articles on the list being satisfactory.
Foodstuffs seized and destroyed included:-condiments, 1,350 lbs., confectionery, 16,125 lbs., eggs, 100 lbs., fish, 20 lbs., flour, 22,280 lbs., fruit, 15,957 lbs., meat, 919 lbs., milk, 89 lbs., molasses, 500 lbs., and vegetables, 106,791 lbs.
Foodstuffs voluntarily surrendered and destroyed com- prised:-cheese, 18 lbs., cocoa, 43 lbs., coffee, 300 lbs., condi- inents, 252 lb., confectionery, 491 lbs., fish, 4,285 lbs., fruit, 1,445 lbs., jan, 6 lbs., neat, 3,350 lbs., sausages, 108 lbs., syrup, 19 lbs., and vegetables, 266 lbs.
There are two important dairy concerns in the colony, one European-owned on the Island somewhat unfortunately sited as regards the Queen Mary Hospital, and the second under Chinese management on the mainland. There are, in addition, about thirty small dairies owned by Chinese mostly on the mainland.
The daily production of fresh milk in 1937 amounted to about 1,700 gallons of which by far the larger proportion was produced at the European-owned dairy referred to above.
This concern has incurred considerable expenditure in recent years on pasteurization and bottling plants and when completely reorganised on modern lines should be in a position to produce milk free from tubercle bacilli, Br: abortus, the streptococcus causing mastitis, and other organisms giving rise to milk-borne infections.
Draft legislation was introduced during 1937 to make pasteurization of milk compulsory but met with considerable opposition. There is every possibility of the proposal becoming law in 1938 together with regulations covering bottling, steriliza- tion of containers, etc. As might be surmised milking in the majority of the small Chinese-owned cattle byres leaves a great deal to be desired and it is to be hoped that small owners of cattle will find it better to sell their products to one or other of the important and well-equipped concerns.
While on the subject of milk production mention should be made of a comparatively new enterprise, namely, the preparation of reconstituted milk and cream usually from New Zealand butter and skimmed milk powder. Legislation is pending to enforce pasteurization, clean bottling of these products and a standardization of their quality as regards milk fat and total solids other than fat. Dairies and milk shops are licensed and are subjected to periodical inspection.
The more important Government slaughter house is situated at Kennedy Town (Hong Kong Island) others are to be found at Ma Tau Kok on the mainland; and at Aberdeen and Sai Wan Ho on the Island.
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Oxen are shot but humane slaughtering has not yet been extended to sheep, goats and pigs.
The numbers of animals dealt with at the abattoirs in 1937 were as follows:-Cattle 72,218, swine 390,519, sheep and goalts 18,502.
These activities are supervised by the Veterinary Branch of the Sanitary Department.
As might be expected in a territory where so large a pro- portion of the population subsist on very low wages and where a few cents makes all the difference between sufficient food and starvation or at least serious under-nutrition, certain deficiency diseases are commonly met with.
Osteomalacia, pellagra, rickets and scurvy are
are rarely recognised but beri beri, including the infantile variety, con- stitutes a serious problem and occasions much incapacity, ill- health and, in infants, not infrequently a fatal ending.
Out of a total of 34,635 deaths registered in 1937, 1,661 were attributed directly to beri beri, a ratio of nearly 48 per thousand deaths from all causes.
Much information of value is to be anticipated from the Nutrition Research Committee established to investigate nutri- tional problems in the Colony.
(B) MEASURES TAKEN TO SPREAD THE KNOWLEDGE OF HYGIENE & SANITATION.
Hygiene is one of the subjects on the curriculum in a large proportion of the schools. Unfortunately many schools suffer from such serious health deficiencies in the matter of light, ventilation and sanitary accommodation that lessons in hygiene possess little point.
Personal hygiene and mothercraft is taught to the women attending the maternal and child welfare centres and domestic hygiene by the Health Nurses when they visit the homes in the districts.
A reasonable standard of hygiene is aimed at in the homes of some seventy-six registered midwives which are inspected periodically by the Supervisor of Midwives (a woman doctor) and her staff. The better types of these serve as examples of how to maintain hygienic conditions in homes in the midst of the overcrowded areas.
It might be expected that the sanitary inspectorate should take an important part in instructing the general public in the advantages of living in reasonably hygienic surroundings and no doubt useful work may be done at times along these lines.
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As has been stated, however, the sanitary inspectorate are not yet under the control of the Medical Officers of Health. In the meantime, there can be no doubt that a valuable source of public health propaganda is being largely wasted through lack of direction by those best qualified to give it.
Lectures on hygiene, first aid and kindred subjects are delivered by the officers of the Medical Department, by the staff of the Chinese Public Dispensaries, by the St. John Ambulance Association & Brigade and by other voluntary organizations.
Use is also made of the English and Vernacular press and of the Wireless Broadcasting system.
(C) TRAINING OF SANITARY PERSONNEL.
The Medical Officers of Health, the Malariologist and others are responsible for giving courses of instruction with practical demonstrations in sanitation, elementary entomology, sanitary engineering and allied subjects.
is
Until the Health Division of the Medical Department reorganised on proper lines the training of sanitary personnel will continue to suffer. No examination was held in Hong Kong under the auspices of the Royal Sanitary Institute for the Sanitary Inspectors' Certificate in 1937.
(D) RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE WORK.
(1) Reorganisation. of Health Division on accepted lines with placing of sanitary inspectorate and subordinate staff under the direct supervision and control of the Medical Officers of Health- the scavenging of the Urban Council Area being carried out by a Cleansing Branch of the Sanitary Department.
(2) Increase in staff of Chinese and European Health Staff and appointment of a Deputy Director of Health Services to coordinate Health activities and to be available, if desired, as Professor of Public Health and Preventive Medicine in the University of Hong Kong.
(3) Substitution of sewerage system of nightsoil disposal for existing pan and barges and construction of sewers
for large sections of Kowloon, etc., where housing development is likely to take place.
(4) Overhaul of existing scheme of refuse disposal involving dumping, especially during times of typhoons.
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(5) Legislation to cover town planning, zoning and the pro- hibition of conversion of dwelling houses into factories.
(6) Slum clearance preceded by construction of healthy houses for the dispossessed on a sub-economic basis.
(7) Covering of Albany Road Reservoir and filtration and sterilization (by chloramine or other approved method) of pipe- borne water in Pokfulam area of Victoria.
(8) Formation of school dental department with Govern- ment Dental Surgeon.
(9) Inauguration of Chair in Public Health & Preventive Medicine in the University of Hong Kong.
(10) Provision of adequate accommodation for general diseases, infectious and mental diseases in the Kowloon Medical Centre.
(11) Establishment of model Health Centres in Eastern and Western Districts of Victoria, in Shamshuipo and Kowloon City Districts of Kowloon and at Taipo.
IV.—PORT HEALTH WORK & ADMINISTRATION.
con-
Hong Kong which is recognised as being one of the greatest ports in the world on the basis of shipping tonnage was siderably affected by the hostilities, although the decrease in shipping was compensated for to a certain extent by the temporary closure of Shanghai as an international port.
During the year under review 4,322 British ocean-going vessels entered and cleared the harbour as compared with 4,616 in 1936. To this number should be added 5,202 foreign ocean-going vessels which had amounted to 6,364 in the previous year.
River steamers, launches and foreign trade junks also saw an appreciable diminution, the figures for each class being 7,695, 4,082 and 12,481 respectively.
The tonnage fell from 40,063,663 in 1936 to 36,191,724 in 1937.
Some 4,775 inward bound ocean-going vessels were boarded by Port Health Officers.
Vessels from Canton, Macao and West River ports and smaller craft were visited when information was at hand of sickness or death. They were also inspected periodically by the Health Inspector with the object of encouraging a higher standard of cleanliness, and for purposes of deratisation.
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During the year 129 special visits were made to vessels as compared with eighty-six in 1936 to examine persons suffering from infectious but non-quarantinable diseases.
Thirty-three out of the thirty-six bodies landed from vessels were examined at the mortuary.
Bills of Health to the number of 1,611 were issued in Hong Kong. Their abolition has been urged in many parts of the world and there is some doubt as to their value in the Far East, more especially under the disturbed conditions existing at the moment.
Owing to the absence of any quarantine immigration station in Hong Kong it is not practicable to enforce observation ashore of passengers and crews. When the occasion arises observation has to be carried out on board at one or other of the two quarantine anchorages to which go vessels when arriving from ports declared "infected" within the meaning of the Inter- national Sanitary Convention of 1926. Eleven ships were detained in quarantine during 1937 and 485,629 persons were medically examined on arrival, making an average of 1,330 per day. All emigrants from the Colony are medically examined and, when necessary, vaccinated before departure.
Some 245,488 emigrants were so examined during the year of whom 239,188 were "free", that is to say they paid for their passages, and the balance were "assisted", their passages being paid by their prospective employers. Rejections numbered 1,153. Emigrants vaccinated were 116,208 in number.
The following table shows the number of emigrants leaving Hong Kong and the proportion proceeding to the Straits Settlements during the past five years.
Table XII.
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
Average for period
To Strails
Settlements
20,324 86,192 102,674 101,499
165,177
95,173
Total to all
ports
64,181 138,240 158,300 164,077
245,488 154,057
Disinfection and deratisation of ships, an activity previously carried out by a private company, is now performed by the Fumigation Bureau of the Port Health Authority.
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The plant consists of (1) a hulk, the ''Aldecoa", which provides facilities for the bathing of passengers and the dis- infection and disinfestation of their belongings in two steam disinfectors; (2) a barge equipped with a B-type Clayton machine; (3) an A-type Clayton machine, and (4) apparatus such as Dutch ovens and sprays. This equipment was added to in September, 1937, by a reconditioned launch with an A-type Clayton machine.
Deratisation and Deratisation Exemption Certificates issued in 1987 amounted to a total of ninety-one and eighty-eight respectively as compared with seventy-nine and fifty-eight in the previous year.
The sanitary control of aerial navigation, which had been rendered possible by the application of the International Sanitary Convention for Aerial Navigation to Hong Kong on the 1st of August, 1935, by legislation under the Quarantine and Prevention of Diseases Ordinance in the following year, was further strengthened by regulations governing aircraft pro- mulgated in the Government Gazette on the 17th of December, 1937.
Several new air services were inaugurated during the year and the following companies make regular calls at Hong Kong:-- Imperial Airways, Pan-American Airways, China National Aviation Corporation and the Eurasia Corporation.
No cases of infectious disease were discovered in passengers and crew arriving by air and no reports were received of such illness in persons who had left Hong Kong by air.
from
Some indication of the extent of air-traffic to and Hong Kong (Kai Tak Civil Airport) can be appreciated by reference to the following table:
Table XIII.
ARRIVALS
DEPARTURES
Nationality of Aircraft
Aircraft Passengers Crew
Aircraft Passengers Crew
British
65
49
130
67
75
134
Chinese
292
1,581
784
289
1,448
716
Other countries
41
299
236
39
233
283
Total
398
1,929
1,150
395
1,756
1,133
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V.-MATERNITY & CHILD WELFARE.
The maternity hospitals under Government and voluntary control provided accommodation for 358 beds in 1937 of which the largest number were to be found in the Tsan Yuk Hospital (sixty beds) under the control of the Medical Department.
Beds were also available in a large number of maternity homes of which seventy-five were inspected during the year.
As from the 1st of January, 1937, the practice of midwifery habitually and for gain became a punishable offence, Wan P'os or handy women who had practised midwifery in Hong Kong for two or more years previously and who enrolled as midwives being exempted from this prohibition. As the result of this concession 111 Wan P'os' were enrolled in 1937. By degrees this type of untrained midwife will disappear in the same way as the "Sairey Ganips" in the United Kingdom.
By the end of the year 395 nanes were to be found in the Midwives Register.
Thirty-seven candidates satisfied the examiners at the examinations carried out under the auspices of the Midwives Board.
The Medical Department employs sixteen midwives who were located as follows:
Chinese Public Dispensaries at Aberdeen, Kowloon City, Shanshuipo, Shaukiwan, Stanley & Yaumati and at Govern- ment Dispensaries at Ko Tung, Sai Kung, Sham Tseng, Tai O, Tai Po and Un Long.
These midwives render free service to the poor in their own homes. They visit the ante-and post-natal mother and new born child for a period of seven days after birth.
Visits to expectant mothers numbered 2,528 and to puer- peral mothers 12,919. During the last-named 12,215 demon- strations were given to the mothers in the washing of their babies.
The 2,653 individual mothers visited were mostly cases of normal labour but included twelve abortions, twenty-two mis- carriages and premature births and thirty-seven still-births. In fifty-nine instances the mothers were taken by ambulance hospital, principally on account of delayed labour and usually after the Medical Officers from the various dispensaries had been called in.
to
Apart from deaths amongst these complicated cases, only one mother attended by the Government midwives died.
誌
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When not engaged in maternal and child welfare work the midwives assist in first aid work at the dispensaries.
Their work is overlooked by the Supervisor of Midwives who inspects their bags, quarters, records and investigates cases of complicated puerperium, the causes of deaths in infants and complaints preferred against them. Ante-natal and infant welfare work is carried on at a large number of centres including the Violet Peel Health Centre at Wanchai, Government Welfare Centre in Kowloon, Alice Memorial, Military, Tsan Yuk and Tung Wah Hospitals, Chinese Public Dispensaries, six Govern- ment Dispensaries in the New Territories (with the Govern- ment Travelling Dispensary) and at nine centres under the auspices of the St. John Ambulance Association and Brigade. At the Government centres at Kowloon and Wanchai the average daily attendances were seventy and seventy-seven respectively, the corresponding total attendances for the whole year being 23,858 and 22,339.
The average age of the infants at their first appearance at these two centres was just under three months.
a quarter of those seen were artificially fed.
Six per
Rather over
centurn of the 2,062 mothers whose blood sera were examined gave a positive Wassermann reaction.
Malnutrition and digestive disturbances, many of which were attributable to malnutrition in its widest sense, accounted for the majority of the attendances of infants, although only six cases of rickets were actually diagnosed.
Respiratory diseases came second in importance followed by conjunctivitis.
Thrush was common and was met with in 551 infants at the two centres. The soup kitchen at both centres continued to be patronised, eighty-two meals being given daily at the Wanchai Centre and half this number at Kowloon. During the summer a recipe for soya bean milk was obtained through the courtesy of Dr. Marian Yang of the Peiping First National School of Midwifery, since the cost of cow's milk is far beyond the means of the average mother of the poorer class.
This milk is made daily and has added to it certain quan- tities of sugar, dextrin and salt.
It is given to nursing mothers and infants who are fed at the centres. It is quite palatable and very similar to COWS milk in taste. Its content of vitamin B makes it a particularly valuable food for nursing mothers suffering from beri beri.
The Society for the Protection of Children continued to render valuable assistance by supplying milk and artificial feeds to mothers attending the centres who were found
by the Medical Officers to be too poor to afford these "luxuries".
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A special feature of 1937 consisted in the inoculation of 1,696 mothers and older children with cholera vaccine during the serious epidemic of that disease.
Home visits formed another activity of the centres and nearly two thousand were paid by nurses to the homes of babies attending.
Voluntary helpers were all too scarce at these centres, but special mention should be made of the devoted services of Mrs. D. Cuthbertson who has now, unfortunately, left the Colony.
A description of maternal infant welfare would be incom- plete without mention of the activities of the
the Hong Kong Eugenics League formed in April, 1936, which aims at giving advice to poor inarried women who have already had one or more children on how to limit and space their families.
Sessions were held weekly out of office hours at the Violet Peel Health Centre.
The number of mothers who were given advice on the spacing and limiting of their families amounted to 217. The number of pregnancies in this group was 1,142, an average of 5.3 per mother. Nearly one third of these pregnancies had ended in miscarriage, still birth or early death of the child born alive.
The average age of the mother attending the clinic was just under thirty years.
46
The following extract from the Report of the Eugenics League for 1937-38 is of interest: 'Before any mother is "instructed in contraception full medical history is taken and "careful examination performed by the doctor. By this means ‘a number of serious diseases have been detected in their early 'stages. Patients have been referred to the appropriate clinics 'for the treatment of venereal disease, tuberculosis and other "medical, surgical, obstetrical and gynaecological conditions."
VI. HOSPITALS, DISPENSARIES AND VENEREAL
DISEASES CLINICS.
A list of Naval, Military, Government Civil, Chinese and private hospitals and institutions is given in Return B to this Report. On this occasion it is only proposed to mention the more salient facts in connection with the hospital and dispen- sary services in the Colony.
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1.-Queen Mary and Government Civil Hospitals.
The outstanding event in the year as regards improved hospital facilities was the opening of the Queen Mary Hospital which replaced the old Government Civil Hospital built in 1874 and which was closed on the 30th of June, 1937.
The ceremony was performed by His Excellency Sir Andrew Caldecott, K.C.M.G., C.B.E., at that time Governor and Com- mander-in-Chief, on the 13th of April, 1937.
Situated on the south side of the Island in open surround- ings 500 feet above sea level, the new hospital commands an uninterrupted view of the sea and islands to the south and west.
The hospital was designed by the officers of the Public Works Department in consultation with the Medical Department and cost nearly four million dollars (Hong Kong) or a quarter of a million pounds sterling-(about £460 per bed).
It may be said to embody all the latest improvements in hospital construction. The buildings are planned on the vertical system with lifts to all seven floors.
Excellent lighting and ventilation facilities are afforded by the grouping of the five wings of the hospital in the form of an "H". The main entrance is in the centre of the building with a separate entrance on the north side for patients arriving by ambulance and a service entrance on the south side.
The roof is flat and so designed to permit of its use as an open air ward for patients suffering from tuberculosis and other conditions which benefit from sunlight and fresh air.
The main building and nursing staff quarters are of steel frame construction and quietness has been studied, the walls and floors being of sound-resisting material.
The hospital has accommodation for a total of 546 beds of which thirty-six are cots and thirty-two for maternity cases. An Isolation Wing consists of nine small wards with room for twenty-two cases.
About one quarter of the beds are allotted to the three clinical units of the Hong Kong University, namely the Medical, Surgical and Gynaecological and Obstetrical Units.
These beds are under the direct control of the Clinical Professors whose reports are contained in Section IX, Scientific, to this Report. The first patients were admitted from the Victoria Hospital on the 1st of May, 1937, and during the remainder of the month and in June all the patients were transferred to the new hospital from the old Government Civil Hospital.
M 44 -
More wards were occupied as stores and equipment became available and by the end of the year only two remained empty.
The typhoon of the 1st of September danaged the building to some extent and this delayed the full occupation of the top floor by two months whilst repairs were being effected.
Private practitioners were given the privilege of making use of the Maternity Wing for the treatment of their own cases and two took advantage of this during the year.
The following serves as a brief summary of the work carried out at the new Queen Mary Hospital and the old Government Civil Hospital in 1937:-
Table XIV.
Queen Mary
Hospital
Government Total for Civil Hospital
1937
(May-Dec.)
(Jan.-June)
In-patients: -
General
5,375
2,693
8,068
Maternity
191
469
669
Total
5,566
3,162
8,728
Daily average
296
209
253
Chinese
3,488
1,993
5,481
European
780
122
902
Indian
989
520
1,509
Russian
42
16
58
Other nationalities
76
42
118
Treated by Govern-
anent Officers
4,631
2,239
6,870
Treated by University
Staff
Medical
229
153
382
:
Surgical
275
213
488
Gynaecological
240
88
328
Nationality of maltern-
ilty cases-
American
1
1
British
43
43
Chinese
106
410
516
Indian
36
45
81
Japanese
3
13
16
Portuguese
1
1
2
Russian
1
1
J.
M 45
Queen Mary Hospital (May-Dec.)
Government Total for Civil Hospital
1937
(Jan.-June)
Operations--
By Government
Officers
443
217
660
By University staff.
637
402
1,039
Total
1,080
619
1,699
Deaths-
General in-patients.....
292
170
462
Maternity cases
3
2.
5
Total
295
172
467
Still-births
7
6
13
The number of in-patients dealt with in the principal Government hospitals on the Island in 1937 amounted to 8,728 as compared with 6,868 in 1936, the daily average rising from 219 to 249 in the same period.
Table XV.
Govt. Civil Hospital
Queen
Total in
Mary
Hospital
Govt. Civil Queen's Hospital & C. Block
1937
Road
Clinics
Out-patients (New cases)
General
1,933
21,246
23,179
Medical Univer-
sity Unit
1,624
1,624
Surgical Univer-
sity Unit
4,459
4,459
Gynaecological
University Unit..
1,890
1,890
Eye Clinic
(Government)
3,126
3,126
Venereal Diseases
(Government)
1,811
1,811
1,933
21,246
12,910
36,089
M 46
2.-Kowloon Hospital.
The Government general hospital accommodation on the mainland consists of one institution only-Kowloon Hospital. This building stands in a medical reserve over thirty acres in extent allowing for considerable growth in the future. It possesses ninety-seven beds for general purposes and thirty-four maternity beds.
1936.
In-patients numbered 3,706 as compared with 3,367 in
This figure was made up of 2,475 Chinese, 830 Europeans, thirty Indians and 371 persons of other nationalities. The daily average number of in-patients was 101.
Some 1,322 operations were performed
were performed under general anaesthesia during the year.
Deaths among in-patients amounted to 326.
The out-patient service at Kowloon Hospital continued to expand by leaps and bounds. Whereas in 1933 the number of persons dealt with was only 27,810, in the year under review it rose to 91,001. To this latter figure should be added 204 and 4,738 attending the ear, nose and throat and eye clinics respec- tively, and 5,766 attending the venereal diseases clinic, making a grand total of 101, 709.
1,372 patients were treated in the maternity block at Kowloon Hospital, a daily average of twenty-two for the thirty- four beds. Amongst these were 1,288 deliveries, eight maternal deaths and seventy-two stillbirths. The maternal mortality was due to three cases of eclampsia, two of post partum haemorrhage, two of puerperal septicaemia and one of toxaemia. Both Chinese and European women were encouraged to attend the ante-natal clinics at Kowloon Hospital and 696 availed them- selves of this service in 1937.
The average cost per patient per day for diets, provision, fuel, light and kitchen staff during 1937 was one dollar and four cents.
(A)
Before leaving the description of the work done at the Goverment General Hospitals mention should be made of two activities which have undergone considerable development in recent years.
M 47-
(a) Anaesthetics.
A full time Government Anaesthetist is employed and the number of anaesthetics administered by this officer and by other Government Medical Officers is detailed below:
Table XVI.
Government Anaesthetist
Other Medical Total
Officers
Government Civil Hospital... 300
172
472
Kowloon Hospital
341
970
1,311
Queen Mary Hospital
504
281
785
Victoria Hospital
84
18
102
Total
1,229
1,441
2,670
The various agents used in anaesthetising patients by the Government Anaesthetist are given in the following table:-
Table XVII.
Chloroform
34
Ether-alone or with ethyl chloride
537
Evipan
Ether with evipan
Nitrous oxide and oxygen.
Pentothal sodium
Spinal
Other methods
87
226
88
7
225
25
Total
1,229
Ether remains the most commonly used anesthetic in major surgery in Hong Kong. Evipan is, however, extensively employed for minor operative procedures and for induction in nervous patients.
The use of spinal anaesthesia has increased greatly and has proved most satisfactory. A six per centum solution of freshly prepared novocaine has given uniformly good results; but the anaesthesia produced can only be relied upon to last for about
M 48
one and a half hours. With a view to prolonging the effect several other methods have been tried. Pantocain L (Bayer) has been the most satisfactory, giving in a small series of twenty cases a duration of anaesthesia from two and a quarter to three and a half hours. The routine use of nitrous oxide is prohibited by its high cost.
(B)
(b) Radiology, Electro-therapeutics and Massage.
In addition to a full-time Radiologist, two Radiographers and two Masseuses and Electrotherapists were on duty during the year at the Queen Mary and Kowloon Hospitals, assisted in both cases by an X-Ray Sister.
A remarkable increase in the activities of this sub-depart- ment has taken place in the past five years, as is evidenced from the figures in the table given below:-
Massage and electrical
treatment
Radiological exainina-
tions
Films exposed
Table XVIII.
1933 1934 1935 1936 1937
10,579 12,947 18,077 10,465 11,775
3,076 3,991 4,897 5,511 6,690
5,477 8,208 8,577 9,193 12,784
The equipment was augmented during the year by the purchase of a dental X-ray apparatus.
A considerable economy was effected in the routine use of X-ray paper instead of films.
In August, 1937, at the request of the Trustees of the Granville Sharp Estate, the Medical Department took tem- porary custody of 442 milligrammes of radium. The radium was made available for use in the Government Hospitals under the supervision of the Radiologist and for loan to private practi- tioners.
With the twenty milligrammes already owned by the Department a considerable number of cases of malignant disease were able to be treated.
3.-Victoria General & Maternity Hospital.
This Government hospital situated in the Peak District of Hong Kong Island was closed on the 7th of June, 1937, follow- ing upon the opening of the Queen Mary Hospital. It possessed forty-six general and twenty-six maternity beds mostly reserved for Europeans.
M 49
During the five months of the year when the hospital was functioning some 229 cases were treated, 199 in the general wards and thirty in the maternity wards. The patients in the general block consisted of thirty-six men, fifty-four children and 109 women.
Of there, 194 were Europeans and five belonged to other races. The daily average of general hospital patients was twenty-four. Thirty women were admitted to the maternity wards which had an average of three adults and three infants during the period. Twenty-nine deliveries were recorded. The hospital was fortunate in having no deaths in the general wards and no maternal deaths.
Ante-natal and other cases seen in the out-patients depart- ment of the maternity block numbered 542.
Plans are under consideration for utilising the Victoria Hospital as a convalescent home, mainly for the children of Europeans living on the hot and damp lower levels on the Island and mainland.
4.-Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital.
This institution was originally erected and managed by the local Chinese community, but it was eventually considered desirable in the interests of the patients and of efficiency that Government should take over the building and that it should be regarded as a Government institution in future. This transfer was effected with the knowledge and active support of the Chairman and members of the Tung Wah Committee. The number of beds in the Tsan Yuk Hospital was sixty, of which fourteen were reserved for gynaecological cases until the Queen Mary Hospital was opened.
The table below presents the record for 1987.
Table XIX.
In-patients.
Remaining at end of 1936
Admissions in 1937
Total treated
Maternity cases
Deliveries
Maternal deaths
Infant deaths
Still-births
Maternal death-rate per 1,000 live births
Gynaecological cases
Death in gynaecological cases Operations in gynaecological cases
39
2,197
2,236
2,096
1,934
6
3.2
33
83
140
1
69
Out-patients.
Gynaecological
Ante-natal
M 50
Infant welfare
Totals
New
cases.
Return
visits.
Total attendances,
338
234
572
499
453
952
1,060
1,049
2,109
1,897
1,736
3,633
Attention is invited to the low puerperal mortality rate for a hospital which provides accommodation in the main for the poorest class of Chinese.
The average daily cost per patient in 1937 for diets, pro- visions, fuel, light and kitchen staff was fifty-two cents.
5.-Infectious Diseases Hospital.
The Infectious Diseases Hospital at Kennedy Town on the Island of Hong Kong was built as a Police Station and, no doubt, was of eminently suitable design for such purpose. The hospital is supposed to accommodate twenty-six beds in six wards. As might be expected such provision is entirely inade- quate and it is hoped that it will be found possible before long to erect a new hospital on the mainland with rather more than ten times the number of beds available at present.
During the cholera outbreak of 1937 it was found necessary to bring back into use a portion of the old Government Civil Hospital.
Since no repairs or renovations had been carried out in this hospital for a long time in view of its closure, the premises were far from satisfactory from the hygienic standpoint and for the safety of the staff.
In all, 1,299 cases of cholera, sixty cases of smallpox and eight cases of chickenpox were treated in the Infectious Diseases Hospital and in the reopened portion of the old Government Civil Hospital.
6.-Social Hygiene Centres.
During the year under review four Government venereal diseases clinics functioned, two on the Island-one at the Queen's Road (old Government Civil Hospital) Out-patient Departinent and one at the Violet Peel Health Centre, Wan- chai-and two in Kowloon-one close to the Docks and the second at Kowloon Hospital. Subsidiary clinics were also in operation at Taipo and Un Long in the New Territories.
M 51
―
Some idea of the extent to which use is made of the faci- lities for free medical advice and treatment at these social hygiene centres can be gathered by reference to the following tables.
Table XX.
New cases treated in 1937:-
Chinese European Indian
Others
Total
M.
f:
M. F.
M. F. M. F. M. F.
Queen's Road (old
1241 570
Government Civil Hospital)
1198 570 40
I
3
1
Violet Peel Health
Centre
1007
652 164
2
138
3 39
1348
657
Kowloon Docks (Tsimshatsui)
1663
480 450
96
1
19
2228
481
Kowloon Hospital
337 827 4 6
Co
CO
6
1
Taipo Centre
19
2
9
Un Long Centre
17
5
1
347 834
28
2
21
5
4241 2536 658 8 256
10
5
58
5213 2549
Table XXI.
Number of attendances in 1937:-
Chinese
European Indian
Others
Total
M. F. M. F. M. F.
M. F. M. F.
Queen's Road (old
Government Civil Hospital)
5386 2621 377
1
73
2
5838 2621
Violet Peel Health
Centre
3925 3325 1198 25 2436
20
87
5 7646 3375
Kowloon Docks (Tsimshatsui)
6163 2266 2789
1450 6
CO
51
8 10453 2280
Kowloon Hospital
1601 3177 106 22
45 1
1
1752; 3201
Taipo Centre
71 15
320
391
15
Un Long Centre
92
28
79
171
28
17238 11432 4470 47 4403 27 140 14 26251 11520
- M 52-
Full use was made of the twenty-four beds reserved for male cases of venereal disease at the old Government Civil Hospital and provision was made for the in-patient treatment of men, women and children suffering from venereal disease in the Queen Mary Hospital.
Some 13,055 injections of organic arsenic and 962 injections of bismuth preparations were given to out-patients.
The Health Officer, Social Hygiene, and his assistants examined 4,923 smears for gonococci and took 11,748 specimens of blood for the Wassermann test.
7.-Infant Welfare Centres.
These have been fully described in Section V, Maternity and Child Welfare, in this Report.
8.-Dispensaries in the New Territories.
Before detailing the position and activities of the medical services available in the New Territories, it might be profitable to give some information of a general nature concerning this
area.
•
The New Territories include about three hundred square miles of mainland between Kowloon and the Sham Chun River and a number of islands, the largest of which is Lantau. This area was leased by Great Britain for a period of ninety-nine years from 1898 from the Government of China. The territory lies outside the Urban Council Area and as yet possesses but a skeleton medical and health organisation.
The Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance has not been applied to the New Territories, and the Labour Code introduced towards the end of 1937 can only be regarded as a gesture in the right direction.
The bulk of the community live under rural or semi-rural conditions not unlike those prevailing in South China as a whole. There are, in addition, three main concentrations of population at Taipo and Un Long on the mainland and at Cheung Chau, an island. Organised markets and a small number of scavengers are to be found in these three townships, but elsewhere environmental hygiene is practically unorganised and in the care of "village elders".
For medical purposes the New Territories are divided into Eastern and Western Districts, the range of hills running more or less north-south serving as a geographical boundary.
M 53
Details of estimated population and death-rates are given in the tables below.
Table XXII.
A.-WESTERN MEDICAL DISTRICT.
(1) Mainland
Estimated
Death-rate
population
Deaths
(mid-year 1937)
per thousand
Au Tau
13,497
416
30.8
Lok Ma Chau
4,846
104
21.5
Ping Shan
16,198
376
23.2
†Tsun Wan
6,338
210
33.1
(2) Islands
+Cheung Chau
14,980
419
28.0
†Lantau (Tai O)
9,409
280
29.8
(1) Mainland
+ Maritime population included.
Table XXIII,
B.-EASTERN MEDICAL DISTRICT.
Estimated
Death-rate
population
Deaths
(mid-year 1937)
per thousand
*Saikung
11,183
241
21.6
Sha Tau Kok
9,306
265
28.5
Sha Tin
4,465
135
30.2
Sheung Shui
11,807
270
22.9
Tai Po
14,902
456
30.6
* Includes Islands of Cheung Kwan O and Po Toi.
Lamma Island with an estimated mid-year population (in- cluding maritime) of 2,396 is not included in this table as births and deaths are not registered.
M 54
Medical services in the New Territories are supervised by a European Health Officer resident at Kowloon. This officer has under his direction two Chinese Medical Officers with head- quarters at Taipo and Un Long, a 1st Grade Dresser attached to a Travelling Motor Dispensary and a number of Nurse- Midwives who are posted to Government Welfare Centres and posts at Ku Tung (the Lady Ho Tung Welfare Centre), Sai Kung, Sham Tseng and Tai O.
In addition, a Chinese Medical Officer, Dressers and Anti- malarial Inspectors were in health and medical charge of 2,000 labourers at Shing Mun Dam until April, 1937, when the work on these waterworks was completed, and a Charge Dresser was attached to the workers at Pat Heung Aerodrome until the close of the year.
The table opposite represents a summary of the work done at the various Government medical centres in the New Ter- ritories during the year under review.
Apart from the dispensaries and welfare centres staffed by the Government Medical Department, valuable work is done by some nine units established by St. John Ambulance Association and Brigade. In one instance (Cheung Chau) the institution consists of a fifty bedded hospital built on modern lines where useful work is done handicapped somewhat by a lack of adequate supplies of uncontaminated water.
a
In a second case (Kam Tin), the Brigade maintains small cottage hospital actually improvised out of a group of single-storey Chinese dwellings. This is chiefly used for maternity cases.
Table XXIV.
Ku Tung
Welfare
Centre
Tai O
Sai Kung Taipo Un Long Travelling Dispensary Dispensary Dispensary Dispensary Dispensary
Total
New cases
3,903
1,775
2,476 5,720
5,634
6,264
25,772
Old cases
2,427
2,177
1,714
11,464
4,709
1,225
23,716
Maternity cases
152
89
122
{
85(d)
197
795
150(i)
Malarial cases
232
505
250
749
279
347
2,362
Vaccinations
1,062
730
491
2,129
1,372
1,189
6,973
Total
(d)
7,776
5,276
5,053
20,297
12,191
9,025
59,618
= on district, (i) = in dispensary.
M 55
M 56
The Director of the Ambulance has kindly provided the following details of the activities of the Brigade in 1937:--
Centres:-Haw Par Hospital, Tsuen Wan Hospital, Kam Tin Hospital, Ha Tsun Clinic, Fanling Clinic, Tun Mun Clinic, Takuling Clinic, Shataukok Clinic and Shatin Clinic.
Patients treated:-maternity 1,302, general 127,093.
Cost of service:-$26,444.
Since the early days of 1937 a large force of labourens have been employed at the Lin Ma Hang Lead Mine near Sha Tau Kok on the frontier between China and the New Territories.
The labour force suffered severely from malaria, twenty-six fatal cases occurring during the year. The health situation be- came so unsatisfactory that the management had to engage a Chinese Medical Officer and Dresser in July, 1937.
Owing to the siting of the labourers line in Chinese territory, the Hong Kong Government can exercise little or no control over the accommodation for the employees of the mine and over malarial conditions in the vicinity.
9.-Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries.
The Chinese Hospitals & Public Dispensaries were estab- lished, in some instances, over seventy years ago under the auspices of the Tung Wah, a charitable organisation with very wide ramifications over a considerable portion of South China. The "hospitals" were intended to serve several purposes: to provide accommodation for the sick poor, who desired Chinese herbalist treatment or treatment by Western medicine, for the old and decrepit to spend their last days under a friendly roof, and for the destitute and homeless. In other words, they com- bined the functions of the old Poor-law infirmary, the "Union workhouse, home for the aged, and Rowton House in the United Kingdom. On the other hand, the primary object of the Chinese Public Dispensaries was to provide places in various parts of the town at which the bodies of deceased persons could be deposited and handed over for burial by the Authorities instead of being dumped in the streets or into the harbour.
""
Little by little, keeping pace with the education of the poorer and illiterate sections of the community, efforts have been made to extend the scope of the dispensaries so that today, while still serving as public mortuaries, they also provide large sections of the population who cannot afford the fees of a private practitioner with the benefit of Western medicine treat- ment.
.
C
M 57
In the same way, the Chinese hospitals have catered for an increasing number of actually sick persons and the bulk of the bed accommodation is now given over to the use of patients desiring Western medicine. Many thousands of out-patients continue to receive herbalist treatment and many beds in the Chinese hospitals are occupied by persons who are supposed to the "treated" by herbalist doctors". The change over to Western treatment has been a slow process and has not been aided by the system in vogue at the Chinese hospitals which allows the question "Do you want Chinese or European medicine" to be addressed to every patient seeking admission. The unlettered coolie usually thinks of Western medicine in terms of operations since herbalists rarely, if ever, operate. He rather naturally choses the system with which he is familiar and, as it is "Chinese", which he imagines is the more appro- priate for him as a Chinese.
Assisted by enlightened Chinese directors of the Tung Wah Committee and by the cures effected by the Government and other Western medicine doctors working in these hospitals, there has been a gradual but definite increase in the proportion of patients seeking Western treatment. Unfortunately, the hospitals still preserve their other functions and a considerable number of persons find shelter and food in them who require nothing else and cannot be classed as patients by the greatest stretch of imagination.
Added to a real and very definite lack of hospital accom- modation (both in- and out-patient) for the poorer classes of the Chinese population of these territories-an estimated deficiency of upwards of at least a thousand beds-this practice results in dangerous overcrowding.
During inspections of the hospitals in question it is not at all an uncommon thing-aggravated, no doubt, by the influx of indigent refugees from areas affected by the Sino-Japanese hostilities to see two patients, old and young, in the same bed, five adult women in two beds pushed close together, patients lying all over the ward floor so as to render separation of types of disease and medical attention and nursing a matter of extreme difficulty. One particularly bad example of overcrowd- ing noted was sixty-one patients occupying a ward holding
twelve beds.
This distressing state of affairs is recorded partly to point to the need for urgent reform of the system and for the provision of a sufficiency of institutions of different types to meet the needs of the poorest elenients in the population, and partly in the hope and belief that, with the close cooperation of the Tung Wah Committee, the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs (whose officers show such great devotion to the interests of the Chinese community), the Medical Department and with financial sup- port from Government, the dawn of a new era in the care of the sick poor is breaking.
M 58
Western medical treatment only is given at the nine Chinese Public Dispensaries scattered over the Island and Kowloon.
Their history and functions have been well described in previous Annual Reports, consequently, it is only proposed to give some indication of the work done on this occasion by includ- ing Tables XXV and XXVI,
some
Of 218,351 inoculations against cholera given by twenty-seven institutions in the Colony during the epidemic in 1937, nearly ninety thousand were given at the Tung Wah Hospital and Chinese Public Dispensaries.
Table XXV.
SUMMARY OF WORK DONE IN THE CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES DURING 1937.
Gynaecological
Patients
Certifi-
cates of
Patients
Patients
removed
Corpses
removed
Dead
infants
cases.
Dispensaries.
cause of
sent to
death
to hosp. to hospital hospital. by ambu-
brought
Vaccina-
tions.
or mor-
to dis-
New
Old
issued.
lance.
tuary.
pensary.
New
cases.
cases.
cases.
Old
cases.
M 59
Central
37,157
30,786
12
84
3
49
29
6,405
389
670
Eastern
20,368
24,980
00
15
6
62
308
3,621
503
850
Western
30,900
17,555
69
32
21
30
.434
6,046
Shaukiwan
32,888
50,568
18
125
2
345
7,394
861
1,391
Aberdeen
9,323
9,545
119
3
2,251
303
350
Harbour & Yaumati
51,033
41,275
90
77
6
181
175
9,137
1,233
1,923
Shamshuipo
41,372 31,842
46
2
298
279
15,351
962
1,576
Hung Hom
Kowloon City
16,003 6,083
56
175
7
206
204
6,358
418
477
25,545 25,893
61
164
18
30
293
5,130
587
1,133
Total for 1937
264,589 238,527 322
837
66
858
2,067
61,693
5,256
8,370
Total for 1936
252,444
222,383 247
659
34
108
1,632
57,251
5,183
7,972
Table XXVI.
WORK DONE IN GYNAECOLOGICAL CLINICS OF CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES IN 1937.
- M 60 -
Average Attendance
No. of Clinics
Total Number
New Cases
Old Cases
per day
Dispensary
New
Old
1936
1937
1936
1937
1936
1937
1936
1937
1936
1937
Central
49
50
974
1,059
299
389
675
670
20
21
Eastern
Shaukiwan
Aberdeen
Yaumati
100
Shamshuipo
Hung Hom
95988 9
46
43
1,511
1,353
582
503
929
850
35
97
98
2,130
2,252
902
861
1,228
1,391
22
48
51
591
653
309
303
282
350
12
100
3,267
3,156
1,347
1,233
1,920
1,923
33
96
91
2,472
2,538
889
962
1,583
1,576
26
* 2 2 8 8
31
23
13
32
28
48
48
729
895
346
418
383
477
15
19
2 2 2 2 2 ∞ 2
Kowloon City
49
49
1,481
1,720
509
587
972
1,133
30
35
Kwong Wah Hospital
4.7
47
1,154
1,191
460
450
694
741
25
25
Total:-
580
577
14,309
14,817
5,643
5,706
8,666
9,111
24
26
26
In-patients.
M 61
Table XXVII.
Tung Wah. Tung Wah Kwong Wah. Totals
(Eastern).
Chinese treatment. 8,397
2,563
5,215
16,175
Western treatment. 10,221
6,021
15,552
31,794
Combined.......... 18,618
8,584
20,767
47,969
Operations
1,088
147
602
1,837
Deaths in hospital.
4,336
2,262
6,043
12,641
Brought in dead ...
918
683
1,832
3,433
Death-rate
per
1,000 in-patients.
233
264
290
264
Out-patients.
Chinese treatment. 186,530
72,388
203,946
462,864
Western treatment 39,875
28,197
48,396
116,468
Combined
226,405
100,585
252,342
579,332
Eye clinic
16,274
118
1,176
17,568
Baby clinic
492
8,045
8,537
Ante-natal clinic...
271
271
Anti-smallpox
vaccinations
5.962
876
2,050
8,888
The Tung Wah Group of Hospitals comprises the Tung Wah and Tung Wah (Eastern) Hospitals situated on the Island and the Kwong Wah Hospital in Kowloon on the mainland.
The figures relating to persons treated are deliberately separated from those relating to Government Hospitals for reasons which are no doubt apparent after a perusal of the earlier paragraphs in this section.
The official combined bed accommodation at these hospitals amounts to 1097. The actual number of in-patients not infrequently approaches twice this figure.
Table XXVII above gives some idea of the large volume of work done.
The old Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital (at Kennedy Town on Hong Kong Island) served as a refuge for lepers during 1937, the premises having been condemned for the treatment of acute infectious diseases. Lepers to the number of 167 (of whom only thirty were females) were admitted during the year, ten having remained from the end of 1936,
M 62
Their subsequent histories were as follows:-
Table XXVIII.
Discharged
Transferred to Sheklung Leper Settlement,
Kwangtung, China
49
Discharged at own request
14
Absconded without notice
35
Died
11
Remaining at end of 1937
62
Total
177
The inmates were under the care of the European Medical Officer in charge of the Government Infectious Diseases Hospital which adjoins the Leper Institution.
After the construction of a new infectious diseases hospital for the colony at the Kowloon Medical Centre, it is probable that a small nucleus of accommodation for lepers awaiting trans- fer to Sheklung will be maintained at the existing Government Infectious Diseases Hospital and that the dilapidated and dangerous premises at present occupied by lepers will be demolished.
In May, 1937, the medical care of the women and girls detained in the Po Leung Kuk Home on the Island was taken over by the Lady Visiting Medical Officer, Chinese Hospitals. Some 349 of the inmates of this home came under medical care, sixty-eight being transferred to hospital of whom seven died.
VII.-PRISONS AND ASYLUM.
1. PRISONS.
The principal prison in the Colony is the Hong Kong Prison. Stanley, on the Island where there is cell accommodation for 1,612 males.
The Female Prison is situated at Lai Chi Kok on the main- land and has accommodation for more than 100. The Male Prison at Lai Chi Kok was closed at the end of January, 1937, and Victoria Gaol was closed in September, 1937.
The total number of admissions to all prisons was 17,088; of whom 14,596 were males and 2,492 females. Of these 1,197 males were fifty years of age or over.
M 63
In Hong Kong Prison Hospital, Stanley, there is a hospital of fifty-seven beds with six cells for isolation cases and two padded cells. The Female Prison has nine beds for sick cases.
For cases which require special treatment there are prison wurds in the Queen Mary and Kowloon Hospitals.
Sixty-five cases were transferred to the Government Civil Hospital and Queen Mary Hospital (thirty-four for X-ray examination and electrical treatment) for treatment not available in the Prison Hospital. Ten cases were transferred to the Mental Hospital and one case of smallpox to Kennedy Town.
There were seventy-nine deaths amongst the male prisoners and three amongst the females. The causes of deaths are given in the subjoined table.
Typhoid
Table XXIX.
Males. Females.
Cholera
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Tubercular enteritis
Disseminated tuberculosis
Syphilitic aortitis
2
37
4
1
1
Septicaemia
Cerebral malaria
1
Meningitis
1
Aortic valvular disease
2
Chronic myocarditis
17
Acute myocarditis
1
Aneurysm
Bronchitis
Lobar pneumonia
Pneumonia
Cirrhosis of liver
Acute nephritis
Senility
Acute cardiac failure
Total
2
1
I
79
3
Seven male prisoners were released on medical grounds all of whom were lepers; five female prisoners were also released, three suffering from leprosy and two from pulmonary tuberculosis.
Prison.
M 64
Table XXX.
Total prisoners admitted.
Daily average
No. of inmates.
Total admissions to hospitals.
Daily average No. of prisoners to hospital.
Total out-patients.
Daily average number of out-patients.
Deaths.
Death rate, i ̧e. No. admissions to prison. of deaths to total
Victoria
H.K.
& Prison (male)
14,596 2,262 1,886
32.425,619
26.61 79 0.5
Lai Chi Kok (female). 2,492 231 369
9.4
7071 2.4
31
In addition to the male and female prisons in Hong Kong there are two remand homes, one for boys and another, under the supervision of the Salvation Army, for girls.
Forty-three boys were housed in the Remand Home for boys at the beginning of 1987. 1,114 were admitted during the year and forty-three were detained in the Home at the end of the year-apart from three boys in the Queen Mary Hospital.
•
The Home was visited by a Medical Officer once a week and the general standard of health was well maintained. Some 295 of the boys were inoculated against cholera and 470 vaccinated against smallpox. Scabies constituted the commonest complaint.
The Girls Remand Home accommodated 355 inmates during the year and their health was supervised by a Government Lady Medical Officer.
2. MENTAL HOSPITAL.
The Mental Hospital functioned as a separate institution after the closing of the old Government Civil Hospital in the summer of 1937.
The premises are designed to provide temporary accommoda- tion for patients pending their transfer to Canton, if Chinese, or to Europe and other countries in the case of other races.
M 65
The following table gives particulars of admissions and discharges during the year.
Table XXXI.
Remaining from 1936
Admitted during 1937
Total
51
359
410
Discharged-cured
71
-relieved
62
--not improved
52
149
Died
20
56
Transferred to Canton
Remaining at end of year
The daily average number of patients was rather over seventy. The hospital was designed to accommodate thirty-two patients at one time. It will be appreciated, therefore, that overcrowding and lack of adequate segregation of different types of patients inevitably occurs, clearly demonstrating the desir- ability for a new and larger institution.
¡
VIII. METEOROLOGY.
Hong Kong is situated off the south-eastern coast of China between latitude 22° 9′ and 22° 17′ N. and longitude 140° 5′ and 114° 18′ E. It enjoys a sub-tropical climate with a hot and humid summer from May to September when the south-west monsoon blows and a cool, dry winter during the period of the north-east monsoon.
During the year under review the highest monthly average temperature was recorded in August-93° F.-and the lowest in January-76.1-the lowest absolute minimum, 45.9 F., being registered in February. July was the wettest month with 19.315 inches of rain and from May to September 70.58 out of the total of 82.5 inches of rain fell.
The relative humidity was highest in March when it reached ninety-three per centum and lowest in October with a figure of forty-one per centum. Reference has already been made in the text to the disastrous typhoon which struck Hong Kong on the 1st of September, 1937, with a wind velocity of over 160 miles per hour.
Further details are given opposite in Table XXXII.
:
Table XXXII.
The following table gives the means, totals or extremes of the meteorological data for the several months of the year 1937.
M 66
Wind.
Temperature.
Humidity.
Barometer
Month.
at M.S.L.
Mean.
Absolute Mean
Mean.
Mean Absolute
Cloudiness Sunshine.
Rain.
p.c.
Abs.
Direction. Velocity..
Max.
Max.
Min.
Min.
ins.
Rel.
ins.
f.c.
hours.
ins.
Points.
Miles p.h.
January
30.12
76.1
66.3
61.6
58.0
48.5
79
0.44
72
February
30.13
78.5
66.2
61.2
57.5
45.9
78
0.44
77
March
29.95
81.2
68.6
64.7
61.4
51.0
89
0.55
93
April
29.97
86.3
76.4
71.8
68.6
59.7
86
0.67
78
238
139.7
2.765
E/N
12.4
103.1
0.310
ENE
10.7
53.0
3.445
E/N
15.7
131.2
2.260
E
12.8
May
29.86
89.7
84.0
78.8
75.2
70.8
84
0.83
73
159.2
11.120
E/S
10.4
June
29.72
90.0
85.8
81.4
78.3
71.0
85
0.91
85
120.2
13.265
SE/S
9.9
July
29.70
91.5
88.0
82.7
78.8
75.0
84
0.93
61
237.6
19.315
SE/E
7.1
August
29.71
93.0
86.1
82.2
79.0
75.9
86
0.94
84
125.2
14.355
SE/E
13.5
September
29.89
90.6
87.0
82.1
78.9
74.9
82
0.90
59
208.2
12.525
E
11.3.
October
29.99
89.0
82.5
77.5
73.5
62.0
72
0.69
41
268.0
1.500
NE/E
11.8
November
30.07
84.1
76.5
70.8
66.7
53.2
71
0.55
55
182.7
1.035
ENE
9.9
December 30.10
76.8
70.0
65.0
61.1
52.7
76
0.47
59
166.0
0.605
E/N
10.7
Mean total}
29.93
93.0
78.1
73.3
69.7
45.9
81
0.69
70
1,894.1
82.500
E/N
11.3
or extreme
- M 67-
IX.-SCIENTIFIC.
1. GOVERNMENT BACTERIOLOGICAL INSTITUTE.
INTRODUCTORY,
(1) Administrative.-No changes are to be recorded under this head. No officers were on long leave, nor were there any additions to the existing staff.
(2) Buildings and equipment.—(a) During the latter part of the year the open verandah on both sides of the office was enclosed and thus incorporated into the building proper so as to add to the office space, which was far too small for the requirements of the Institute.
(b) No addition to the permanent equipment was made during the year.
(3) Library. The following book was added to the library:-
The Pathology of Internal Diseases, Wm. Boyd, 1935.
(4) Research. (a) Typhoid. An investigation into the presence of agglutinins against typhoid organisms in cases showing no clinical signs of the disease was continued. The sera for test were obtained from bloods sent from the Venereal Diseases Clinic for Kahn test, and should represent a good cross- section of the hospital population of Hong Kong. No European cases were included, the great majority being Chinese, with a proportion of Indians. The number tested totalled 229 cases; of these 224 showed no agglutination in the lowest dilution used, (1 in 50). Of the five cases showing some agglutination, one showed only a doubtful reaction in the lowest dilution against the 0 antigen and no agglutination at all against the H antigen. Another case showed doubtful 0 agglutination 1 in 50, with H agglutination in both 1 in 50 and 1 in 100. A third case showed 0 agglutination to 1 in 50 with H. agglutination to 1 in 100. The two remaining cases both showed no 0 agglutination at all with H agglutination to 1 in 50 only. Actually only cases two and three could have caused any difficulty in diagnosis as far as typhoid was concerned; such a diagnosis could not have been considered from the serological result in the other three. A further investigation will be carried out in 1938 on the Widal reaction as observed on cases showing an elevated temperature due to other known infection. The idea in this case is to deter- mine whether such cases show any non-specific agglutination in the dilutions used in our test, or whether residual agglutinins are stimulated by their infection to a significant extent.
M 68
(b) Syphilis. An interesting comparative study has been carried out on the recently described Ide precipitation test. One thousand sera have been tested in parallel with the Kahn; while close analysis of the results has not yet been made the following will give some idea of the results of the comparative study:
Table XXXIII.
Strong positive
Positive
Doubtful
Negative
Total
Kahn test.
Ide test.
214
133
}
243
347
384
141
44
51
609
565
1,000
...... 1,000
The results are classified so as to conform to the League of Nations scheme of reporting. It will be seen that there is a close measure of agreement. Moreover, a cursory examination of the results shows that a good many of the discrepancies occurred in treated cases and also in cases subjected to provocative injection of arsenicals.
It is proposed to carry out a further series of parallel tests on treated cases only. The complete results of the study will be published in due course.
(c) Trichinosis. During the year an investigation was under- taken designed to measure the amount of trichinosis prevalent among the poorer type of the population of Hong Kong. Diaphragms were obtained from adult bodies. at Victoria Mortuary for examination. The muscle was first finely ground in a neat grinder and then intimately mixed with a digesting mixture and placed in a water bath at 37°C. with frequent shaking.
In
The resulting material was filtered through wire gauge and examined for the characteristic cysts. A total of eighty-two diaphragins was subjected to treatment and examination. no instance were encysted larvae of trichinella spiralis found.. I understand that a similar study was recently undertaken in a laboratory connected with a Canton University, with similar results. Freedom from this infestation is probably to be at- tributed to the belief held by the Southern Chinese that leprosy may result from eating uncooked pork.
M 69
These results are in striking contrast to those obtained by workers in America, who have found a surprisingly high per- centage of infestation in bodies examined by them.
(5) General.—As usual the number of tests performed during the year constitutes a record, although the increase is not as great as has been the rule during past years. For the first time since being in charge of the Institute the writer has rather discouraged any enlargement of the field of our activities. With much regret it has been realized that there is a limit to the amount of work of which a non-expanding staff is capable and which can be carried out in our present quarters. It is a pity that this should be so but there seems little help for it under present conditions.
The cholera epidemic in the summer threw a great deal of extra work on the staff, both by way of stool diagnosis as well as in preparing and distributing prophylactic vaccine. Later in the year the appearance of smallpox cases in increasing numbers led to great increase in our lymph production in order to cope with a possible epidemic in 1938.
It is again a pleasure to record the highly satisfactory work of the staff of the Institute.
A. PROTOZOOLOGY AND HELMINTHOLOGY.
P
(1) Blood films for malaria.-Eight thousand nine hundred and seventeen films were examined for the presence of malarial parasites. Three thousand five hundred and eighty one con- tained parasites. This is in somewhat marked contrast to last year when there were four thousand and ninety two positives in eight thousand four hundred and eighty-one films examined; i.e., in the year under review there were fewer positives in more films,
A graph is interleaved showing the percentage relation of the different types of malarial parasites to each other month by month throughout the year, also the rainfall in inches. It shows beautifully the interesting relation which quartan bears to sub-tertain, both in the early as well as the later months of the year. The rather smooth curve of simple tertian shows well how comparatively little this type of infection is influenced by atmospheric conditions. This must be related (in some measure at least) to the well known tendency of simple tertian infection to chronicity and relapse.
#
1301
-
M 70-
声
Percentage.
Jan.
Feb.
Apr
June
M 70-
20
OV
Sape Verilan
4
•
- M 71-
(2) Filaria.-Thirty blood films were examined for filarial embryos-five only were positive.
(3) Faeces.-Two thousand four hundred and seven speci- mens of faeces were examined for parasites and the typical cytological picture of bacillary dysentery. An interesting finding is that of a case of infestation with balantidium coli. This is the first time that this parasite has been reported from this laboratory. Unfortunately it was impossible to obtain any information as to the place of origin of the patient owing to the fact that death occurred rapidly.
Table XXXIV.
EXAMINATION OF STOOLS FOR INTESTINAL PARASITES.
European Indian Chinese
Total
Ascaris
47
6
117
170
Clonorchis
3
101
104
Trichuris
15
4
Ankylostoma
++
10
23
42
24
31
Enterobius
vermicularis
1
1
~
2
Multiple infestation.
7
1
81
89
Balantidium coli
1
E. histolytica
Negative
7
14
629
89
1,236
1,954
Grand total
711
105
1,591
2,407
Multiple infestation of table above.
Eighty-nine cases
Ascaris
74
of multiple in-
Clonorchis
27
festation.
Trichuris
51
Ankylostoma
43
·M 72
B. SEROLOGY.
(1) Kahn reaction.-Sixteen thousand five hundred and eighty-one sera were tested. The results are shown in the table.
Table XXXV.
EXAMINATION OF BLOOD SERA FOR SYPHILIS.
European
Indian
Chinese
Total
M.
F.
M. | F.
M.
F.
Strong positive..
40 17
49
2 1,558
781
2,437
Positive
24
29
1 687
366
1,107
Weak positive... 14
1
Doubtful
14
ཚོ་སྐྱ
34
501
251
801
37
428 244
723
Negative
•558 52
740
16 5,173 4,974 11,513
Grand total 650
60 889 19 8,347 6,616 16,581
(2) Agglutination tests.-One thousand five hundred and
forty-six sera
organisms.
were
tested for agglutinins against various
Table XXXVI.
AGGLUTINATION TESTS.
European
Indian
Chinese
Organisms
Total
Doubt-
Pos. Neg.
Pos. Neg.
ful
Doubt-
ful
Pos. Neg.
Doubt-
ful
B. typhosus
15
80
20
5
4 17
3
325 1023 59
B. para A.
95
2
19
3
4 1344
B. para B.
95
5
1
20
3
2 1346
888
59
59
1539
Enteric fever type
undetermined
53
3333
B. melitensis
B. abortus
1
Weil Felix reaction.
Total for each race.
112
24
1410
1546
M 73-
C. BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS.
(1) Faeces.-Three thousand seven hundred and fifty-eight stools were cultured for pathogenic organisms. A large propor- tion of these were from cholera cases or suspects in the course of the cholera epidemic which occurred in the summer.
Table XXXVII.
STOOLS EXAMINED FOR ORGANISMS.
European Indian
Chinese
Organisms
Total
Pos. Neg. Pos. Neg. Pos. Neg.
19
1
7 290
317
....
B. typhosus
B. dysenteriae
(group)
389
61
1,264
1,714
""
(Flexner)
36
Có
95
134
33
""
(Shiga)
(Schmitz).
8
11
16
17
V. cholerae
5 13
2 552 993
1,565
Grand total .... 45 421 3
64
678 2,547 3,758
(2) Sputum.-Six hundred and eighty-seven specimens of sputum were examined for infection with the tubercle bacillus.
Table XXXVIII.
SPUTA EXAMINED FOR TUBERCULOSIS.
European Indian Chinese
Total
Positive
24
10
140
174
Negative
70°
64
379
513
Grand total
94
74.
519
687
M 74
(3) Urine. One hundred and thirty-six urines were cultured for organisms.
(4) Urethral and cervical smears.-Six hundred and seven- teen urethral and cervical smears were examined for the presence of the gonococcus.
(5) Nasal and skin scrapings for M. leprae.-One hundred and fifty-four examinations of material from suspected leprosy cases were made. Fifty were positive.
(6) Throat swabs.-One thousand four hundred and fifty- four swabs were cultured for the presence of C. diphtheriae. The total number, as well as the number of positives is well below the figures recorded for 1936.
Table XXXIX.
THROAT SWABS EXAMINED FOR DIPHTHERIA.
European Indian Chinese
Total
Positive
96
1
240
337
Negative
469
639
1,117
Grand total
565
10
879
1,454
(7) Cerebro-spinal fluid.-Two hundred and thirty-two fluids were cultured for the meningococcus and other pathogenic organisms. The numbers of fluids infected with the menin- gococcus was somewhat higher than last year, but the figure is still within our usual endemic total.
Table XL.
CEREBRO-SPINAL FLUID EXAMINED FOR MENINGOCOCCI AND
OTHER ORGANISMS.
European Indian Chinese
Meningococcus
Pneumococcus
Streptococcus
Negative
Grand total
Total
92
92
15
15
5
5
5
1
114
120
10
5
1
226
232
M 75
(8) Friedmann test for pregnancy.-Ten Friedmann tests were carried out during the year.
(9) Miscellaneous tests. One thousand five hundred and twenty-three examinations of various kinds not listed otherwise were performed. This includes certain work of a research
nature:
229 B. typhosus agglutinations
1,000 Ide serological tests
82 Diaphragm digestions for trichinae
212 Other unspecified tests.
D.
PREPARATION OF VACCINE LYMPH.
The preparation of lymph was much accelerated this year. In addition to the low level of stocks held, the onset of hosti- lities in China and the presence of large numbers of refugees led us to build up a good reserve so as to be ready to cope with any demand which the presence of smallpox during the winter might very well call forth.
wias
The seed used was as before one generation removed from lapine, i.e., lapine, calf, seed. The yield on the whole good, although we had several calves which were not up to a good physical standard and consequently gave poor individual yields. Forty-eight calves were used and 7,411 g. of pulp was obtained; a yield of 154.39 g. of pulp per calf.
The technique in use at present has been strikingly success- ful in improving the yield of pulp and thereby lowering the cost of production of the finished lymph. This is attained without any loss of potency or other change in the quality of the lymph. We feel that we can hardly expect any further improvement in this respect for some time.
The appended table shows the yield of pulp year by year for the past few years.
Table XLI.
No. of calves
Date
scraped for pulp
Total pulp collected
Average yield per calf
1931
83
2,163 gms.
26.06 gms.
1932
122
4,160
34.09
"}
11
1933
148
5,787
39.10
J
1934
116
5,816
1935
nil
nil
1936
4
622
''
50.14 71
nil 155.50
""
""
1937
48
7,411
154.39 29
Amount of lymph prepared
28,065 c.c.
issued
22,651 c.c.
"J
1
12
in stock at end of year
18,477 c.c.
M 76
E. PREPARATION OF VACCINES AND SERA.
(1) Antimeningococcus serum.-Issue serum in 1937 totalled 9,120 c.c., a figure practically the same as in the previous year. The amount prepared was 15,850; this leaves in stock at the end of the year a total of 48,000 c.c. This is a somewhat large amount, but under present conditions in the Colony it may not prove too lange. Production is going on as usual.
(2) Gonococcus vaccine.-The amount issued for use at the Venereal Diseases Clinics was 10,420 e.c., a greater increase than total figures indicate, as more use is being made of the stronger vaccine (1,000 m per c.c.)
Total amount issued
1,000 million per c.c.
100
>>
"
10,420 c.c.
7,260 c.c.
3,160 c.c.
(3) Anti-rabic vaccine.-Twenty-nine animal brains were examined for Negri bodies. Two positive results were recorded.
Table XLII.
Treatment
Treatment
Nationality
completed
not completed
Total
Chinese
24
147
171
British
28
14
42
Portuguese
1
5
6
Japanese
* 3
Belgian
1
Indian
1
2
3
Italian
1
1
American
1
1
Danish
1
1
Anamite
1
1
Out-port
4.
Grand total
58
176
234
Total number of doses issued
1,810
M:77
(4) Autogenous vaccine.-Twenty autogenous vaccines were prepared. The appended table shows the amount of vaccines and serum issued during the year.
Table XLIII.
Vaccines and Serum
Gronococcus vaccine
T. A. B.
"}
Cholera
Autogenous
Amount issued
10,420 c.c.
1,020 ́c.c.
17,250 c.c.
''
Anti-meningococcus serum
20 vaccines
9,120 c.c.
F. EXAMINATION OF WATER AND MILK.
(1) Bacteriological analysis of water.-One thousand five hundred and thirty-eight samples of water from various sources, chiefly the pubac suppy, were examined during the year.
Table XLIV.
Unfiltered raw water
Filtered
>>
121
209
Filtered and chlorinated water from
service taps throughout the Colony. 1,154
Well water
Water from other than public supplies
Total
46
1,539
(2) Bacteriological analysis of milk.-One hundred and twenty-seven analyses of milk were carried out, chiefly by request of the M.Ö.H.
G. MEDICO-LEGAL INVESTIGATIONS.
Eighty investigations were carried out on materials furnished by the Police. The character of the examinations was as follows:
Blood stains
Seminal stains Miscellaneous
H. MORBID HISTOLOGY.
42
31
Two hundred and seventy-four tissue sections were prepared and examined histologically. Among them were fifty malignant tumours and fifty benign; of the remainder 125 represent surgical pathological conditions, and forty-nine organs from
post-mortem cases.
M 78
Table XLV.
ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL AND OTHER EXAMINATIONS.
Total
Total
Nature of examination
for
for
1937
1936
Agglutination
Reaction
B. Typhosus
22
Paratyphosus A
Weil Felix Reaction
B. Dysenteriae
Melitensis
B
1
1,539
1,435
4
7
1
1
Blood
Smears
"
Abortus
(Malaria
Filaria
Blood count, etc.
1
1
Serological Reaction for Syphilis
16,581
16,841
8,917
8,481
30
41
77
102
Cultural
Examinations
Naso-pharyngeal swabs (C.
Diphtheriae)
Spinal fluid (Meningococcus)
Faeces (Typhosus, Paratyphosus,
Cholera, etc.)
1,454
2,058
232
281
3,758
824
Blood
1,478
1.435
Urine
136
185
Faeces
Intestinal Parasites
2,407
1,919
Occult blood
28
377
Tubercle Bacillus
10
8
Tissue Sections
274
296
Friedmann test for pregnancy
10
Miscellaneous
Examinations
(Sputa
Pus Urine
Smear for Gonococcus
M. leprae
Animals for Rabies
Medico-legal Examinations
Bacteriological Examination of Milk
Analysis of Water
Rideal Walkers Test of Disinfectants
Autogenous vaccine prepared
687
785
90
60
293
555
617
1,351
154
153
29
19
80
46
127
40
1,538
1,484
20
49
Miscellaneous
1,523
297
Total
42,096
38,797
A. V. GREAVES, M.B., (TOR.), M.C.P. & S. (Ont.), D.T.M., (Liverpool).
Government Bacteriologist.
M 79
2. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MALARIA BUREAU
1937.
It has been customary for some years to compile a com- prehensive report on the activities of the Malaria Bureau since its inception in 1930 and such reports should be consulted by those interested in the malarial problem in Hong Kong.
2. The present report omits all references to the manifold activities of the Bureau and confines itself to new developments during 1937.
3. Some 696 (+three among the Forces of the Crown) deaths were ascribed to malaria, forming rather over two per centum of deaths registered from all causes. The corresponding figures for 1936 were 503 and just under two per centurn respec- tively..
4. Disturbance of soil has not been found to be a factor of any great consequence in increasing the number of breeding places of the important anophelines.
5. Night catching of anophelines in pigsties and cattle-byres was continued for the purposes of obtaining material for preciptin tests and dissections.
6. Identification of the species found gave the following results:
A. minimus, A. jeyporiensis var. candidiensis, A. maculatus, A. hyrcanus var. sinensis, A. fluviatilis, A. aitkenii var. bengalensis, A. splendidus, A. karwari, A. vagus, and A. lindesayi var. japonicus.
7. The first two species are responsible for serving as vectors in the major number of cases of malaria that occur.
1
A. maculatus, a malaria vector greatly to be feared in Malaya, is seldom found in dwellings in Hong Kong and (judging from precipitin tests) appears to be zoophyllic rather than homophyllic. Locally it has only been found infected with malaria in the Shing Mun area. The larvae of this species were met with along with those of A. (F) togoi in rock pools by the seashore on Cheung Chau Island. Samples of the water from these pools were submitted to the Government Analyst and were found to contain 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.17% chlorine as chlorides.
►
8. A. hyrcanus was obtained in large numbers from "screened" lines at Shing Mun and Pat Heung Camps; its infection rate was, as usual, low in comparison with that of
M 80
A. minimus, A. jeyporiensis, and A. maculatus. Pigment hitherto encountered in the oocysts has been considered to be that of the benign tertian parasite, but the oocysts found in one midgut contained somewhat coarse dark pigment. From pre- cipitin tests it appears to be zoophyllic for choice.
9. It is noteworthy that the catches of adult mosquitos at several stations were found to be far less numerous than those of preceding years owing to preventive work done.
10. Anti-malarial measures were carried out in many areas on the Island and mainland during 1937, and particular atten- tion was given to the following amongst other places:
(a) Shek O, (b) Tytan Tuk, (c) Stanley Gaol, (d) Repulse Bay, (e) Shouson Hill, (f) Aberdeen, (g) Mount Kellett, (h) Pokfulam (including Queen Mary Hos- pital), (i) Government Quarry North Point, (1) Kai Tak Aerodrome, (k) Kowloon Tong and surroundings, (1) Shing Mun Camp, and (m) Pat Heung Aerodrome.
11. The actual methods employed were rough train- ing of streams, ditching, stone drainage, and oiling. In a portion of one stream which was heavily strewn with boulders which it would have been difficult to move, stones of various sizes were packed between the boulders thus shutting out light from the
water.
-
12. Valuable work was also undertaken by the Bureau where mosquito nuisance was specially aggravated. C. fatigans, A. (S) albopictus, and A. (F) togoi were the species most frequently incriminated.
13. Four tables are appended. The first table gives details of nearly 12,000 anopheline larvae examined microscopically for identification purposes; the second relates to some 1,878 adults hatched out from larvae and pupae; the third summarises certain of the results of precipitin tests on bloods from mosquitos caught in various localities and in different shelters; while the fourth table gives a summary of systematic catches and dis- sections to ascertain the presence of malarial infection of anophelines caught at Pat Heung Camp in two "screened" lines. The numbers of A. minimus greatly exceeded those of 4. jey- poriensis even though rice fields abounded along the hill-foots. In addition, catching was also done in villages outside the half mile area around these lines. Of 1,550 anophelines obtained approximately 60% were A. hyrcanus, 20% A. minimus, 12% A. jeyporiensis, 7% A. tessellatus (a high rate for this species), and 1% A. maculatus.
M 81
A.
A.
A. hyrca-
Month.
nus
var.
maculatus.
minimus.
Table XLVI.
ANOPHELINE LARVAE EXAMINED MICROSCOPICALLY.
sinensis
A. jeypori-
ensis var.
candidi-
ensis.
A. aitkenii
A.
karwari.
var. ben-
galensis.
A.
A. lindesayi A. splendidus. var. japonicus.
Totals.
tessellatus.
January
1,622
317
348
33
1
3
2,325
February
132
3
135
March
343
1
344
April
153
55
20
62
63
353
May
473
61
3
23
12
59
631
:
June
121
95
19
235
July
97
97
August
148
148
11
307
September
221
24
245
266
October
1.693
596
366
17
2,938
299
November
755
328
61
4
1.447
359
December
916
461
1,206
2,942
Totals
6,674
1,822
2,271
139
925
13
122
30
11,999
i
M 82
Month,
A.
maculatus.)
A.
minimus.
A.
hyrcanus.
var.
sinensis.
Table XLVII.
ADULT MOSQUITOS HATCHED OUT FROM LARVAE AND PUPAE.
A. jey.
poriensis.
var.
candidiensis,
bengalensis.
A.
karwari.
A.
aitkenii.
A.
A.
var.
splendidus. tessellatus..
Totals.
January
133
28
29
1
191
February
66
6
1
73
March
60
1
61
April
19
4
9
9
41
May
49
51
June
17
15
1
23
17
75
July
12
12
August
48
44
12
104
September
64
2
66
October
402
63
45
6
516
November
101
30
8
1
5
145
December
113
109
245
76
543
Totals
1,084
245
389
1121
87
32
29
1,878
M 83
Table XLVIII.
RESULTS OF PRECIPITIN TESTS ON BLOOD TAKEN FROM MOSQUITOS
No.
Species.
CAUGHT AT VARIOUS PLACES.
No. with
positive
reactions.
Reactions positive to the serum of
Man. Dog. Pig Cattle Goat.
exa-
mined
Mixed.
Morning Catches in Squatters' huts Lai Chi Kok in which pigs were kept.
A. minimus
A. jeyporiensis
A. hyrcanus
Totals
2
2
1
4
2
Night Catches in cattle-byres Dairy Farm, Pokfulam.
A. minimus
A. jeyporiensis
A. maculatus..
2205
2
2
40
3 (cattle & goat)
2 I
40
40
A. hyrcanus
6
C. bitaenioryn-
chus
4
4
C. tritaenio-
rynchus
4
4
C. fatigans
21
20
20
A. (F)
neveoides
3
2
1 (cattle & goat)
Armigeres
obturbans
16
15
15
A. (S) albo-
pictus
2
2
2
Totals
101
97
93
4 (cattle & goat)
Night Catches in pig shelters (close to cattle-byres) Dairy Farm, Pokfulam.
A. maculatus..
A. hyrcanus
C. fatigans
00 01 00
8
2
8 2
Totals
18
18
8
-
18
38 37
37
Morning Catches in Squatters' huts Wong Chok Hang Village.
A. minimus
A. jeyporiensis
C. fatigans
42
ལསྐྱ
2
2
42
38
3 (man & pig)
Armigeres
obturbans
M. (M) uni-
formis
3
со
3
3
Totals
94
93
89
3 (man & pig)
Night Catches in pigsties Wong Chok Hang Village.
A. maculatus..Į
32
31
31
A. hyrcanus 39
38
37
1 (man & pig)
A. tessellatus..
6
C. fatigans
37
37
36
(man & pig)
Armigeres
obturbans
45
44
44
M. (M) uni-
formis
17
7
7
Totals
166 163
161
2 (man & pig)
A. minimus
Morning Catches in Goat Pens Shing Mun Camp.
A. jeyporiensis
A. maculatus..
A. hyrcanus
A. (S) albo-
pictus
C. whitmorei...
Totals
*∞∞∞
96
96
63 62
8
27
σ co
6
62
NOTE: The salivary glands of all Anophelines were examined for
sporozoites, but none were found.
M 84
-
Table XLIX.
SUMMARY OF DISSECTIONS OF MOSQUITOS CAUGHT FROM PAT HEUNG AREA FOR MALARIAL INFECTION.
Number Number Number
Species.
Number Number
caught. dissected
with infected
with infected
with
Percen-
infected tage of
glands
only.
midgut glands & infection.
only. midgut.
A. minimus.......
521
454
2
11
2.86
A. jeyporiensis..
174
153
1
0.65
A. maculatus
1
1
A. hyrcanus
3,576
1,911
2
0.10
A. fluviatilis
29
29
A. tessellatus ..
LO
5
5
A. splendidus....
41
38
R. B. Jackson, M.D., B.Ch., D.P.H. (Dublin),
Government Malariologist.
- M 85
3. GOVERNMENT ANALYTICAL LABORATORY.
(1) The work of the Hong Kong Government Analytical Laboratory differs from that usually associated with a sub- department of this type, in that a very considerable amount of work usually done by consulting analysts, is carried out here, and for which fees are paid into the Treasury. This non- government work comes under two heads.
(a) Analyses of stores etc. for the Naval, Military, and Air Force Authorities, described below as semi-official work and for which, in the majority of cases, full fees are now charged.
(b) Analyses carried out for local firms and individuals in the Colony; the majority of which are the testing of exports of China produce, e.g., tin and oils, and for which full fees are charged.
The bills issued for this non-government work anounted in 1937 to $39,953.50 and this sum represents about of the cost of running the laboratory for the year.
The total value of the work done during the year both Government and non-government, amounted to $100.478.50. This was the highest ever recorded, despite the total cessation of lard samples towards the end of the year.
(2) The following tables show the nature of the work under the various heads.
Table L.
OFFICIAL Work.
(3) Official work-i.e. Government work.
:
1936. 1937.
Chemico-legal samples from the Police & Medical
Departments
333
351.
Food & drug samples under the Ordinance from
the Sanitary Department
196
337
Water samples from public supplies
2,104 1,834
Dangerous goods under the Ordinance, from the
Police Department & Fire Brigade.
Bio-chemical examinations, from the Medical
Department & University
58
3
222
287
Carried forward
2,913 2,812
M 86
Brought forward
Materials from various departments for testing:-
Oils from P.W.D.
1936. 1937.
2,913 2,812
11
Coals from P.W.D., Harbour Department &
K.C.R.
Building materials from P.W.D.
249
235
5
8
Foodstuffs from Medical Department, Police
Department, etc.
86
74
Pharmaceutical samples from Government
Apothecary
18
Chemicals from Medical Department, P.W.D.
etc.
22
16
Battery acids from P.W.D.
11
1
Minerals & metals
9
11
Septic tank effluents
Harbour waters
Miscellaneous samples
95
27
24
26
22
37
Total
3,454 3,274
as
The value of work done for Government Departments, determined under the Tariff of Charges (Government Notification No. 837 of 1932), was $60,525.00 as against $60,150.00 for 1936.
(4) A considerable amount of the official work comes under the heading of chemico-legal. Practically the whole time of the Government Analyst is spent on this work, and during the. year under review, owing to a large increase of toxicological examinations (including post mortem materials from seventy persons), the Senior Assistant Analyst had to give assistance on many occasions and to give evidence in several enquiries.
M 87
CHEMICO-LEGAL SAMPLES.
(5) The following table shows the nature of the work done under this head.
Table LI.
1936. 1937.
Toxicological examinations
199 236
Counterfeit coins & materials
78
11
Bombs & explosives
0
19
Articles for stain
14
18
21
fire enquiries
9
3
"1
connected with larceny
6
""
J9
""
forgery robbery with
0
29
8
20
11 3
8
10
violence
Dangerous goods
Other examinations
(6) The incidence of counterfeiting decreased considerably this year, and with the new nickel coins in circulation, which are much more difficult to counterfeit, a further decrease is to be expected.
(7) Investigations were carried out in connection with a fire. on the Kowloon-Canton Railway and also in connection with an explosion on a launch in the harbour. In both cases many lives were lost but in neither case could evidence of criminal intent be detected.
(8) The laboratory was consulted in connection with three bomb outrages during the year. In one case a parcel was delivered to a house by a private messenger. On attempt being made to open the parcel, it exploded, and the recipient received fatal injuries. As a result of investigation of the pieces, it was possible to construct a copy of the bomb, and the
copy was produced in Court. The bomb was exploded by means of an electrical contact firing a charge of black powder and broken glass, and was of very ingenious construction. The other two cases arose at the end of the year, due possibly to the Sino- Japanese incidents, and both bombs were of the Mills type filled with a picric acid-perchlorate-aluminium mixture.
(9) An examination was made of a bullet taken from the leg of a junk woman wounded by machine gun fire from a submarine. The bullet was of an incendiary type.
(10) Exhibits in connection with eight cases of robbery with violence were examined, in which the use was made of pepper for temporarily blinding the victims.
(11) Members of the laboratory staff attended Court on twenty-one occasions during the year.
M 88
(12) Toxicological Examinations.
Table LII.
NATURE OF POISON.
No. of samples.
No poison found
72
Opium
46
39
l'henolic or cresolic compounds
Barbituric acid derivatives
Codeine
Alkaloids of gelsemium elegans benth
Hydrocyanic acid
Chloral hydrate
Arsenic derivatives
Mercury
Lead
Ether
Corrosive acids
Santonin
Mydriatic alkaloids
Organic dyestuffs
Crude heroin hydrochloride
Alcohol in urine
Harmless materials submitted in connection
with poison cases
Total
1
6
6
25
2
2
19 N N N
4
2
1
1
9
7
236 samples
(13) An increase in the work is to be noted, suicide again accounting for the majority of the deaths. Opium is still the most common agent, but a very large increase in the use of poisons of the lysol type is to be reported.
(14) There were three cases of arsenical poisoning during the year. In one, the accused murdered three people by adding an aqueous infusion of native white arsenic to the water used for boiling rice. The second case was due to a woman accidentally drinking a similar infusion in mistake for water, with fatal results. A third case arose through a Dockyard employee drinking Atlas A solution in mistake for tea, also with fatal results.
(15) Gelsemium elegans Benth was again used on several occasions for suicidal purposes, with fatal results.
M 89
(16) An unusual case. was one in which a Chinese drank a mixture of Chinese wine and santonin, and then threw himself from the top floor of the China Building.
(17) Two cases of suicide by drinking strong acids occurred, the acids used being hydrochloric acid in one case and nitric acid in the other. In both cases the corrosive effect in the stomach wall was very marked. Corrosive sublimate was also taken in one case, and here again there was considerable corrosion of the stomach.
Food & Drugs.
(18) It has not been found possible, as was hoped, to increase the number of samples taken under the Ordinance, owing partly to shortage of staff here, and partly to the work in connection with cholera epidemic, which required the whole attention of the Urban Council Inspectors for some time. The following table gives details of the substances examined.
Table LIII.
No. of
No. found
No. found
Substance.
sample examined. genuine.
adul- terated.
Boracic ointment
4
4
0.
Butter, fresh
27
27
tinned
10
5
5
Castor oil
0
Cheese
43
43
0
Coffee
8
0
Epsom salts
5
5
0
Glauber salts.
5
5
0
Glycerine ...
+++
4
4
0
Lard
16
14
2
Milk, evaporated
25
24
1
fresh
145
138
7
Medical paraffin
4
3
1
Seidlitz powder
4
0
Tea
38
34
Total
337
322
15
M 90
Water & Sewage Samples.
(19) Routine analyses of the public supplies were carried out during the year. The actual number of tap samples was less than last year owing to the sampler having very much more commercial sampling to perform. However, the samples of tap water were taken from widely spread sources and acted as an efficient check on possible pollution.
(20) An investigation into the working of the septic tank at Stanley Prison was started and the work is still in progress. The work of the state of pollution of the Harbour of Refuge, Yaumati, was completed.
Bio-Chemical Examinations.
Table LIV.
(21) Blood for blood urea nitrogen
29 samples.
""
sugar
34
Calculi
Stool
22
urea nitrogen and blood sugar
carbon monoxide
>>
Human milk
Urine
Gastric contents
30
1
17
13
"
12
94
47
35
86
(22) An increase under this head is to be reported, due to the increased use made of the laboratory by the Government hospitals.
Materials from Government Departments for testing.
(23) In order to determine the price to be paid to the contractors, routine tests were carried out of all consignments of coal supplied to Government. Apart from this work, very little testing of Government stores was undertaken by the laboratory.
M 91
(24) Fumigation of books by means of hydrocyanic acid gas was again carried out in several Government buildings.
(25) Routine examinations of ghee and atta supplied to the Police Department were continued, and have acted as a useful safeguard against possible adulteration.
Semi-official Work.
(26) Semi-official work-i.e. work for the Naval, Military, and Air Force Authorities.
Table LV.
1936. 1937.
Examination of steamer tanks for inflammable
vapour
3
5
Foodstuffs
29
21
Coals
1
Oils (fuel, kerosine & petrol)
233
35
Battery acids
48
59
Building materials
Air for impurities
Chemicals
Miscellaneous
Total
3
11
1
3
2
5
110
143
Value of work done under this head was $1,960.00 as against $1,128.75 for 1936.
(27) An increase is to be recorded in the work received from the Naval Authorities in connection with the testing of stores. Investigations were also carried out as to the relative vitiation of the atmosphere in various compartments on H. M. Ships.
(28) A further unusual investigation was one in which the concentration of carbon monoxide was determined in the air in a "pill box" from which prolonged machine gun fire had taken place.
M 92
Unofficial Work.
(29) Unofficial work-i.e. work for local firms etc.
Table LVI.
1936. 1937.
Examination of steamer tanks for inflammable
vapour
15
34
Foodstuffs
24
42
Bio-chemical examinations
23
4
Toxicological examinations
1
0
Water samples
20
5
Building materials
0 13
Oils, fats & waxes, including petroleum products.... 311
321
Minerals & metals
Dangerous goods
Chemicals
Miscellaneous
Total
341
414
15
7
0
20
20
775
860
Value of work done under this head was $37,993.50 as against $34,714.00 for 1936.
(30) Work under this head again shows an increase. After the outbreak of Sino-Japanese hostilities, a considerable increase took place in the amount of tin and wolfram exported from here.
(31) With regard to lard samples, owing to a decision in England that locally refined lard can no longer claim privilege as an Empire product, not one sample of lard was analysed in the laboratory after the middle of November, and the loss of revenue to the laboratory from this source is expected to be in the neighbourhood of about $12,000.00 per annum.
.
M 93
Sampling.
(32) The following list gives the amount of sampling done by the Sampler attached to the laboratory.
Table LVII.
1936.
1937.
Tin
3,862 tons.
4,315 tons.
Lard
132,002 cases.
140,436 cases.
Wood oil
30 tons.
60 tons.
10 cases.
Anise oil
10 drums.
Cassia oil
10 drums.
Firecrackers
3,289 cases.
15 drums.
4,076 cases.
Antimony regulus
5 tons.
Teaseed oil
40 tons.
Water samples
1,921 samples. 1,702 samples.
Special Investigations.
(33) Again owing to shortage of staff very little fresh investigation could be initiated, as Mr. Tetley was transferred to the Import & Export Department soon after his return to the Colony.
(34) The London method for the assay of ingot tin has been adopted by the laboratory and proved to be as rapid as the old method.
(35) An investigation into the method of analysis of wolfram ore was carried out and certain modifications have been adopted.
(36) As a result of a complaint from Germany that a sample of local lard had been adulterated with vegetable oil a test used in Hamburg was investigated and it proved to be quite unreliable even when used on lards which were prepared in the laboratory from known genuine pigs fat.
M 94
Staff & Equipment.
(37) Mr. Tetley returned from long leave on 4th March, 1937 and was transferred to the Import & Export Department on 1st May, 1937. He was later promoted to the Federated Malay States and the resulting vacancy in this laboratory has not yet been filled.
(38) The forced draught to the hooded bench was installed and has proved a success. A request has been made for another batch of fume cupboards to be similarly treated.
Revenue.
(39) The fees paid into the Treasury during the year amounted to $39,307.00 as against $34,797.25 in 1936. The value of the work done, both Government and commercial, as determined from the Tariff of Charges (Government Notification No. 837 of 1932) was $100,478.50 as against $96,010.75 in 1936.
(40) Expenditure for 1936 and 1937 compared.
Table LVIII.
1936.
1937.
$40,157.56 $47,665.60
Personal emoluments
Other charges:-
Apparatus & chemicals
3,607.47
3,959.47
Books & journals
185.87
316.49
Conveyance allowance
178.00
180.00
*Fuel & light
729.03
1,227.75
Incidental expenses
314.70
280.28
Uniforms
87.84
76.36
Total Other Charges........
$ 5,102.91 $ 6,040.35
* As from the beginning of 1937, electric light and power is paid by individual departments and not by the Public Works Department.
-M 95
(41) Revenue for 1936 and 1937 compared.
Table LIX.
Head of Revenue.
1936.
1937.
Analyses
$34,797.25
$39,307.00
(42) Expenditure and Revenue for the past ten years.
Year.
Expenditure.
Revenue.
1928
$ 29,333.98
$ 15,562.00
1929
35,390.43
24,974.00
1930
44,677.95
19,891.50
1931
57,341.16
19,295.50
1932
50,746.44
30,604.00
1933
52,494.16
42,347.50
1934
44,526.21
32,968.75
1935
35,678.42
30,773.50
1936
45,260.47
34,797.25
1937
53,705.95
39,307.00
V. C. BRANSON,
M.C., A.R.C.S., D.I.C., B.SC., F.1.0.
Government Analyst.
- M 96-
4. REPORT OF THE UNIVERSITY PROFESSIONAL UNITS.
UNIVERSITY CLINICAL UNITS AT THE QUEEN MARY HOSPITAL.
MEDICAL UNIT-Report by the Professor of Medicine,
Professor WILLIAM I. GERRARD,
O.B.E., M.D., ch.в., F.R.C.P., Lond., D.P.H.
Staff:
William I. Gerrard, 0.B.E., M.D., ch.B., F.R.C.P., Lond.,
D.P.H.
First Assistant to Professor
January-August-H. C. Tan, M.B., B.S.
September-December-P. P. Chiu, M.B., B.S.
Second Assistant to Professor
January-August-P. P. Chiu, M.B., B.S.
September-December-H. T. Wu, M.B., B.S.
House Physician
January-June-S. Y. Kong, M.B., B.S.
July-December-H. N. Lee, M.B., B.S.
Clinical Assistants
January-March-P. P. Kho, M.B., B.S. and P. R. T. Naidu,
M.B., B.S.
April-June-H. N. Lee, M.B., B.S. and E. H. Ong, M.B., B.S.
In the old Government Civil Hospital this teaching unit was allotted the following beds:-
Males
30
Females
15
Infants 3
Total
48
On the transfer to the new Queen Mary Hospital the number of beds was increased to fifty-six as follows:-
Males
20
Females
20
Infants
16
Total
56
Because of the reduction in the number of male beds the admittance of opium addicts has had to be curtailed.
M 97
Cases treated as in-patients in the University Teaching Medical Wards:
Table XL.
Men
192
Women
118
Children under 12
72
Total
382
Number of cases died during the year
50
Cases treated as out-patients at the University Medical Out- patient Clinics at Queen's Road West:-
1. Afternoon Clinic (general medical cases)
Mondays and Thursdays:
1,378 new cases seen and treated (men, women and children): many of these cases attended more than once, bringing to a total of 6,103 cases.
2. Children's Clinic
Thursday mornings:
246 new cases seen and treated: many of these cases attended more than once, bringing to a total of 1,367 cases.
The total of cases seen and treated by the Medical Unit at Out-patients Department during the year 1937 was 7,470 (this figure included old and new cases, men, women and children).
The following special tests have been carried out:
Table LXI.
(From January to December 1937)
Blood urea
101
Blood sugar
}
Blood sedimentation rate
215
Fractional test meal
124
Urea clearance test
10
REMARKS:-Diseases of both in-patients and out-patients
are discussed.
-M. 98
Cerebro-spinal meningitis: The total number of cases was small. There was little evidence of the usual epidemic incid- ence. Further notes are given under "Special Investigations.'
''
Tuberculosis: This disease in its various forms continues to be as prevalent as ever-the pulmonary type predominating.
Malaria: The sub-tertian type continues to be most pre-
valent.
Ankylostomiasis: Incidence is high amongst patients from New Territories area. Many cases have recently come from the
neighbourhood of Canton.
Clonorchiasis: Infection is widespread but the number of in-patients has to be limited because of lack of accommodation. Fully seventy per centum of both in-patients and out-patients are infected with more than one type of intestinal parasite at the same time.
In-patients:
Opium and Heroin Addiction :
Number of cases admitted to the University Medical Clinic from January to the end end of December, 1937
18 cases
Table LXII.
Duration of Treatment:
Less than 5 days
3 cases
5 to 20 days
Over 20 days
Under treatment
Average number of days in hospital
Longest duration in hospital
7
7
>"
""
1 case
27 (approx.)
65 days
Shortest duration in hospital
Result of Treatment:
Relieved
Unchanged
1 day
9 cases
6
"}
Untreated because of leaving hospital within
24 hours
Still under treatment
33
1 case
There has been a reduction in the number of cases seeking
admission for treatment.
M 99
All cases with one exception have been of a mild type. They belong, as previously noted, to the coolie class and it is doubtful if the degree of their opium addiction is in itself a serious matter. What does seem of more importance is that the majority suffer from some physical ailment which has been the cause of the taking of opium in the first place. The average amount of money spent by our cases on opium has been fifty cents a day.
One case of relapse (fourth time) of heroin addiction was treated and did well in hospital. He was fit on discharge.
Continued observations on the gastric function of addicts show the deleterious effects of the habit.
Treatment has been on former lines namely, complete and immediate withdrawal of opium followed by Modinos auto- serotherapy.
I am still of opinion that the effect of this method of treat- ment is mainly psychological. I have not experienced the wonder- ful results reported by some other observers. Then again those of our addicts whose physical ailments are relieved by ordinary medical treatment have no need of further opium and hence the former habit is easily dropped. One case relapsed and was re-admitted but in this instance patient suffered from symptoms due to a duodenal ulcer.
Avitaminoses: Beri-beri is still very prevalent and mostly of the polyneuritic type.
Duodenal ulcer: The incidence appears to be higher and in most cases the diagnosis has been confirmed by radiological examination.
Dyspepsia: The incidence is very high and etiology is
varied.
Cirrhosis of liver: Comparatively prevalent-accompanied by ascites and in most cases by splenomegaly the clinical picture of Banti's syndrome and the etiology uncertain. See note under Special Investigations”.
Chronic parenchymatous nephritis: Incidence remains high but the etiology remains obscure.
Anaemia-hypochromic: Extremely prevalent as a con- comitant of other diseases.
Syphilitic cardio-vascular disease: Aortitis resulting in well defined signs and symptoms of aortic incompetence remains moderately prevalent.
+
M 100.
Chronic rheumatic
endocaritis: The incidence remains higher than ever anticipated. The subtropical climate of South China appears to be almost as favourable as that of North China for the development of acute rheumatism.
Syphilis of the central nervous system: Tabes dorsalis is frequently diagnosed. General paralysis of the insane is very much less prevalent.
Children's Out-patient Clinic: Acute bronchitis and bron- cho-pneumonia show a high incidence. There are two main factors namely, exposure and defective nutrition. Nutritional disturbances are very prevalent-due mostly to poverty and it is a matter for regret that mothers of the poorer class seem, in greater numbers, to be abandoning the old almost general custom of breast feeding.
Evidence of rickets is found in a small percentage. It is probable that the exposure of the children's naked bodies to the ample sunshine in this climate is mainly responsible for the low incidence.
A certain percentage of children are suffering from stigmata of congenital syphilis.
SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS,
Cerebro-spinal meningitis: Use was made of
was made of a special supply of Ferry's antitoxin generously given to the Medical Unit by Parke, Davis & Co. Unfortunately the number of cases admitted as suitable for early treatinent was small. The results are given in a paper for publication-"Antitoxin in the Treat- ment of Acute Meningococcal Meningitis" (prepared in Septem- ber, 1937).
It is hoped that further suitable material will be available so that a larger number of cases may be treated by this method which appears to be a definite advance.
Pulmonary tuberculosis: A controlled use of Solganal B (Schering) is being made. The supply of the drug has been generously undertaken by Schering's Ltd. A careful record of the blood sedimentation rate and the Schilling polymorphonu- clear cell count is kept throughout the course of treatment. This form of gold therapy is particularly suitable for the early stage of the type showing a tendency to healing and fibrosis.
The open air verandahs of the common wards at the Queen Mary Hospital have already proved a most valuable adjunct in the treatment of suitably chosen cases of pulmonary tuber- culosis.
M-101
The anaemias have been specially studied and Dr. Chiu, who is now First Assistant of the Medical Unit and who has been the holder of the Jordan Scholarship, has made this subject one for particular investigation. The relative values of various haematinics in the anaemia of ankylostomiasis have been studied and at the same time observations on the gastric func- tion of such cases have been made.
Observations are being carried out on the splenomegalies. Many cases are admitted to hospital showing the well known Banti's syndronie in its advanced form and of doubtful etiology. Some cases show a very definite splenomegaly but without ascites and with little liver enlargement. Tests are being carried out on the effect of adrenalin in the splenomegalies be- lieved to be of malarial origin.
A condition of thrombopenia of a surprising degree is fre- quently encountered in these cases and splenectomy is being undertaken with gratifying results. No special report will be made on this subject until the number of cases is larger.
One case of chronic splenomegaly was diagnosed as Schisto- somiasis japonicum and splenectomy is contemplated.
Nutritional diseases are, as in the past, the subject of careful investigation.
Dr. Wu Hung Tak has contributed useful information on the question of polyneuritis in pregnant women the subject of a special paper.
The relative values of various vitamin B1 containing prepara- tions are being tested in cases of polyneuritis. The bio-chemical control of such work is being undertaken by the University Department of Physiology. Clinical observations on vitamin C excretion have been made. The necessary material has been generously supplied by Messrs. Hoffmann-La Roche.
Investigations on gastric analysis in the case of opium addicts continue.
M. 102
SURGICAL UNIT.-Report by the Professor of Surgery, Professor Kenelm H. Digby, M.B., B.S., F.R.C.S. Eng.
Staff:
Kenelm H. Digby, M.B., B.S., F.R.C.S., (Eng.) (Ho Tung Professor of Clinical Surgery and Professor of Surgery; Consulting Surgeon Queen Mary Hospital, and Consultant in Surgery to the Hong Kong Government; Late Surgical Registrar at Guy's Hospital, London.)
Lien Tsoong Kya, M.B., B.S., First Assistant to the Professor of
Surgery. (From January 1st to October 16th. 1937).
Wm. Lai Fook, M.B., B.S., First Assistant to the Professor of
Surgery (From October 16th. to Dec.).
Wm. Lai Fook, M.B., B.S., Second Assistant to the Professor of
Surgery. (From January 1st to October 16th. 1937).
Yeung Tsaw Che, M.B., B.S., Second Assistant to the Professor
of Surgery. (Froin October 16th. to December 1937).
Cheng See Yan, M.B., B.S., House Surgeon from January to
June.
Gosano, E. L., M.B., B.S., House Surgeon from July to Decem-
ber..
Wu Hung Tak, M.B., B.S., Out-patient Officer from January to
June.
Ribeiro, R. A. V., M.B., B.S., Out-patient Officer from July to
December.
In the old Government Civil Hospital this teaching unit was allotted the following beds:
Males
26
Females
16
Infants
4
Total
46
On the transfer to the new Queen Mary Hospital the number of beds was increased to sixty-one, as follows:
Males
37
Females
18
Infants 6
Total
61
This increase in the number of beds and the great improve- ment in hospital facilities should add greatly to the efficiency of the work.
M. 103-
488 in-patients were treated in the three wards of the Surgical Clinic at the Government Civil Hospital.
674 surgical operations under anaesthesia were performed.
The out-patient attendance in the Surgical Clinic at Out- patients Department, Queen's Road West numbered 3,352.
1,107 patients attended the Ear, Nose and Throat Clinics (new patients). There were also 3,126 patients who attended the Opthalmic out-patients Clinic.
The weekly staff rounds attended by members of the Staff and other qualified practitioners were held throughout the year from 5 to 6 p.m. on Mondays.
The transfer of the Surgical Unit from the old Government Civil Hospital to the Queen Mary Hospital took place on the 23rd June, 1937.
Radium was again available for the clinic in sufficient quantities from August 15th.
M 104
OBSTETRICAL AND GYNAECOLOGICAL UNIT.
鲁
Report by the Acting Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
Dr. P. F. S. Court,
F.R.C.S., Ed., M.R.C.S. Eng., L.R.C.P., Lond.
This unit was under the direction of Professor W. C. W. Nixon, M.D.,
B.S., Lond., F.R.C.S., Eng., L.R.C.P., Lond., M.C.O.G., from the beginning of the year until 10th December. On 11th December, Dr. Court was appointed to act in his stead.
All gynaecological cases were transferred to the Queen Mary Hospital in June, 1937, and were subsequently treated there. The Tsan Yuk Hospital was devoted to obstetric cases only. There are now sixty beds for obstetrics in the Tsan Yuk Hospital and twenty-one beds for gynaecology at Queen Mary Hospital.
During the year the following numbers of cases were treated.
Out-patients department
New cases
Old cases
Maternity cases:
Table LXIII.
Government Civil Hospital (Out-patients
Tsan Yuk Hospital
Department)
1,890
338
2,159
234
Tsan Yuk (39 cases remained from 1936)
Government Civil Hospital until June
(University cases)
Gynaecological cases:-
Total
2,096
336
2,432
Tsan Yuk
140
Government Civil Hospital until June
(University cases)
69
Queen Mary Hospital after June (University
cases)
259
Total
468
M 105
The number of cases showing puerperall pyrexia (i.c. tem- perature of 100.4 or over on more than one occasion while the patient is under observation, not including the first 24 hours), was 122; of these none died.
Sulphonamide compounds have been used as a routine for these cases. There is a high incidence of malnutrition among the cases of pregnancy. This is evinced by oedema and peri- pheral neuritis and cardiac insufficiency.
Classification of cases: -
Vertex presentations
Table LXIV.
Government
Tsan Yuk Civil Hospital Hospital.
(until June).
P. O. P.
Breech
Face
Brow
Transverse
Shoulder
Twins
1,830
304
53
11
57
7
2
1
CO
8
22
1
Table LXV.
Causes of maternal deaths:-
Tsan Yuk Hospital-
1 Pre-eclampsia and post-partum haemorrhage.
2 Ante-partum and post-partum haemorrhage.
3 Acute nephritis and cardiac failure (undelivered).
4 Myocarditis and heart failure.
5 Subtertian malaria and heart failure.
6 Toxaemia from burns and heart failure.
Government Civil Hospital-
1 Cardiac failure.
Table LXVI.
Ante-natal Clinics:
New cases
Old cases
499
453
M 106
Table LXVII.
Statistics of the Gynaecological Department:-
Number of admissions-
Government Civil Hospital until June
69
Queen Mary Hospital after June.
Tsan Yuk Hospital-
Number of operations performed—
Government Civil Hospital
259
140
Queen Mary Hospital
Tsan Yuk Hospital
Deaths-
Queen Mary Hospital
Tsan Yuk Hospital
47
185
69
M 107
APPENDIX.
M. 109
Return A.
MEDICAL, HEALTH AND LABORATORY
SERVICE STAFF.
.
Administrative Staff.
The Director of Medical Services
Deputy Director of Medical Services
1
1
Clerical Staff.
Secretary
1
Assistant Secretary
1
Stenographer
1
Accountant
1
Clerk, Class II
1
Clerk, Class III
3
Clerk, Class IV
2
Clerk, Class V
5
Clerk, Class VIA
3
Clerk, Class VIB
24
Special Class
2
INVESTIGATIVE DIVISION.
Bacteriological Institute.
Bacteriologist
1
Assistant Bacteriologist
1
Senior Laboratory Assistant
1
Laboratory Assistants
5
Malaria Bureau.
Malariologist
1
Assistant to Malariologist
Malarial Inspectors
6
Chemical Division.
Government Analyst
Assistant Analyst (1 vacancy)
1
3
Assistant Analyst (Chinese)
Assistant Analyst (Chinese) Class II Sampler
1
1
1
Health Officers
Chinese Health Officer
M 110
HEALTH DIVISION.
Urban Branch.
Lady Medical Officer (Part time)
Port Health Branch.
Port Health Officer & Inspector of Emigrants
Second Port Health Officer & Inspector of Emigrants
Chinese Port Health Officers
Port Health Inspector
Chinese Health Inspector
Public Vaccinators (2 vacancies)
Fumigator
Fumigating & Disinfecting Bureau.
Venereal Diseases Branch.,
Venereal Diseases Officer
Chinese Venereal Diseases Officer
Venereal Diseases Technical Assistant
Charge Dresser, Class I
Charge Dressers, Class II
Staff Dresser
Venereal Diseases Nurse
Maternity and Child Welfare Branch.
2
1
1
1
1
1
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Lady Medical Officer
خطر
1
Chinese Lady Medical Officer
1
Infant Welfare Nurses
7
Interpreter and Assistant
1
School Hygiene Branch.
Health Officer for Schools
Chinese Medical Officers for Schools
12 10
1
2
5
School Nurses
Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries Branch.
Visiting Medical Officer
Lady Visiting Medical Officer
Chinese Resident Medical Officers
1
1
3
•
M 111
3
1
1
6
Chinese Lady Medical Officers
Stenographer
Dispensary Nurse
Midwives
MEDICAL DIVISION.
Clinical Branch (General).
Government Consultants
3
Senior Medical Officer
1
Medical Officers
10
Chinese Medical Officers
House Officers
6
House Surgeon
1
Nursing Stuff (General).
Principal Matron
Matrons .....
Senior Sisters
Nursing Sisters
59
Charge Nurses (Vacant)
Staff Nurses (12 vacancies)
28
Probationer Nurses (10 vacancies)
74
Midwives
1
Charge Dressers, Class I
Charge Dressers, Class II
3
Staff Dressers
Probationer Dressers
Linen Maid
9
33
1
Nursing Staff (Mental Hospital).
Head Attendant
Assistant Attendant
Mental Nurses
Probationer Dressers
Kennedy Town Hospital (Infectious Diseases).
Staff Nurses
Charge Dressers Class II
Staff Dresser
Steward
1
1
3
3
3
2
1
1
M 112
Tṣan Yuk Maternity Hospital.
House Medical Officers · ·
Matron
Assistant Matron
Midwives
2
1
1
5
Pupil Midwives
13
Stewards.
Steward
1
Assistant Steward .....
1
Pharmacy Branch.
Apothecary
1
Assistant Apothecary
1
Storekeeper
1
Charge Dispenser, Class I
1
Charge Dispensers, Class II
4
Staff Dispensers
5
Probationer Dispensers
5
Radiological Branch.
Radiologist
1
Radiographers
Masseuses
X Ray Sister
2
2
1
3
Probationer Masseuses
Radiographic Assistants
New Territories Branch.
Health Officer
1
Chinese Medical Officers ..
2
Midwives
10
Dresser
1
Miscellaneous.
Storemen
Installation Mechanic
3
1
Fitters
Motor Drivers
Office Attendants, Messengers, Wardboys, Amahs, Coolies,
&c. (19 vacancies)
438
M 113
Return B.
LIST OF NAVAL, MILITARY, GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE HOSPITALS, ETC.
Naval Hospitals.
Naval Hospital, Wanchai.
Royal Naval Sanatorium.
Military Hospitals.
Military Hospital, Bowen Road.
Combined Military Hospital, Kowloon.
Government Hospitals.
Queen Mary Hospital (opened on 13.4.37). Government Civil Hospital (closed on 30.6.37). Victoria Hospital (closed on 7.6:37). Infectious Diseases Hospital.
Tsan Yuk Hospital.
Mental Hospital.
Hong Kong Prison Hospital at Stanley. Kowloon Hospital.
Shing Mun Hospital (closed 30.4.37). Female Prison Hospital, Lai Chi Kok. Tai Po Maternity Ward.
Private Hospitals.
Alice Memorial and Affiliated Hospitals.
St. Paul's Hospital.
Matilda Hospital.
Canossa Hospital.
War Memorial Hospital.
Tung Wah Hospital.
Tung Wah Eastern Hospital.
Chinese Eastern Maternity Hospital.
Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital.
St. Francis Hospital.
Majima Hospital.
Babington Sanatorium.
Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital.
Precious Blood Hospital.
Kwong Wah Hospital.
Haw Par Hospital.
Tsun Wan Hospital. Kam Tin Hospital.
Table LXVIII.
M. 114
Appendix A.
QUEEN MARY
CIVIL
VICTORIA
MENTAL
-
KOWLOON
TSAN YUK
HOSPITAL.
KENNEDY TOWN
RETURN OF DISEASES.
FOR THE YEAR 1937.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX,
TUNG WAH
TUNG WAH EASTERN CHINESE HOSPITAL.
KWONG WAH
RETURN OF DISEASES.
FOR THE YEAR 1937.
Note: The returns for the Government hospitals are given separately from those of the Chinese hospitals although both treat Chinese patients. The reason for this separation lies in the fact the Chinese hospitals are, for the most part, so overcrowded and short of qualified staff that it is very difficult to secure an accurate diagnosis of the cases of disease in a large proportion of those treated.
Diseases.
I-Infectious & Parasitic
Diseases.
1. Typhoid fever
- M 115
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in Hospital at
end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
1 1 1 1 18
211
3
Deaths.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
Total Cases Treated.
10
74
20
84
208
106
2. Paratyphoid fevers
6
6
3. Typhus fever
4. Relapsing fever
5. Undulant fever
6.
Smallpox :-
(a) Variola major
61
32
61
11
(6) Variola minor
7.
Measles
14
1
14
5
8. Scarlet fever
6
6
1
9. Whooping cough
9
9
10. Diphtheria
6
61
15
67
2
11. Influenza
452
1 456
12. Cholera
13. Dysentery :-
(a) Amoebic
(b) Bacillary
(c) Other or unspecified.
14. Plague:
(a) Bubonic
(b) Pneumonic
(c) Septicaemic
15. Erysipelas
16. Acute poliomyelitis
17. Encephalitis lethargica
18. Cerebro-spinal meningitis
(epidemic)
1,304
766 1,304
3
51
5
112
16
117
17
3
12
3
4
31
3
3
སྨིཾདྡྷསྶ ། ཨཊྛིཙྪཱཉྩ བྷིཙྪིཀྐོ
1
28
1
9
24
1
2
97
174
1
28 1,801 298 1,829
40
18
82
153
4
165
323
128
326
237
102
237
10
Q
229
27
13
14
10
11.
1
23
16
24
1
96 58 97
م
19. Glanders
20. Anthrax
21. Rabies
22. Tetanus
1
HH
1.
1
72
51 73
2
23. Tuberculosis of the respira-
tory system
13 180
61 193
15 104 3,5491,698 3,653
117
24. Tuberculosis of the central
nervous system
1- 16
13
25. Tuberculosis of intestines
and peritoneum
1
15
3
26. Tuberculosis of vertebral
.column
2
9
==
17
223 159 223
3
16
22
15
22
11
3
17 108
125
Carried forward
45 2,363 948 2,408
61
174 7,151 2,756 7,325
197
Diseases.
M 116
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
45 2,363 948 2,408 61
Brought forward
I.-Infectious & Parasitic Diseases.-(Contd.)
27. Tuberculosis of other bones
and joints
28. Tuberculosis of skin and
subcutaneous tissues
29. Tuberculosis of the lym-
phatic system
30. Tuberculosis
urinary system
of genito-
31. Tuberculosis of other organs
Disseminated tuberculosis..
32.
33. Leprosy
34. Syphillis :-
(a) Congenital
(6) Primary
(c) Secondary
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
1747,151 2,756 7,325 197
30
Į
33
3
22
87
19
109
224
24
I
14
14
1
1
5
6
I
1
10
11
44
78
6
122
10
1
2
3
2
19.
5
1
10 170
3
3
ឧ *៩៩
16
10
17
11
180
62
රිය
3
125
79
125
1
14
2
4
66
22
wwww
35
| | | |
61
20
2
34
68
1
69
14
227 5888
1
15
15
5
4
(d) Tertiary
35. Other venereal diseases :-
(a) Gonorrhoeal opthal-
mia
(b) Gonorrhoea
(c) Soft chancre
36.
Purulent infection :-
(a) Septicaemia
(b) Pyaemia
(c) Gas gangrene
37. Yellow fever
38. Malaria
(a) Benign tertian
(b) Quartan
(c) Sub-tertian
6
7
195
200
109
112
811
1285
+2
15
16
45
46
30
30
7
7
7
4
18
3
22
12
51
51
508
57 508
14
206
206
7
279
286
48
7
8
7
17
292
21
309
10
23 1,060
256 1,083
36
121
2
121
3
9
38
15
47
5
to
(d) Cachexia
39. Other diseases due
protozoa :-
(a) Kala-azar
(b) Trypanosomiasis
(c) Yaws
40. Ankylostomiasis
41. Hydatid cysts
35
35
| །ཚ
QT
3
44
6 44
1
| | | ∞ |
Carried forward
94 3,758 1,0023,852 155
291 9,764 3,246 10,055 325
Diseases.
M 117
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Brought forward-
I.-Infectious & Parasitic Diseases.-(Contd.)
42. Other diseases due to
helminths :-
(a) Ascariasis
(b) Filariasis
(c) Taeniasis
(d) Clonorchiasis
(e) Schistosomiasis
43. Mycoses :-
(a) Actinomycosis
94 3,758 1,002 3,852 155
39
40
8
10
8
85087
10
1
(b) Other
(sprue)
mycoses
44. Other infectious or para-
sitic diseases :-
(a) Vaccinia
(b) Other sequelae of
1
1
|
291 9,764 3,246 10,055 325
m a
99
102
2
41
2
27
3
vaccination
(c) German measles
(d) Varicella
15
15
1
12
12
(e) Mumps
6
6
10
10
(f) Dengue
11
11
(g) Glandular fever
(h) Blackwater fever
II-Cancer and Other Tumours.
45. Cancer or other malignant
diseases of the buccal cavity, and pharynx
46. Cancer or other malignant tumours of the digestive organs, & peritoneum :-
(a) Oesophagus
(b) Stomach & duodenumi
(c) Rectum.
(d) Liver and biliary
passages
(e) Other digestive organs
47. Cancer or other malignant
tumours of the respiratory
... organs
35
6 37
3
82
23
85
5
2
10
5
222
2
10
столо
1
14
12
15
3
4
4
1
7
21
6
σ ♡
00
N
∞ ∞
754
21
726
12
23
3
1
Carried forward
100 3,926 1,028 4,026 169
303 10,089 3,308 10,392 340
Diseases.
M 118
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Brought forward
II.-Cancer and other Tumours. -(Contd.)
48. Cancer or other malignant
tumours of the uterus
49.
Cancer of other malignant tumours of other female genital organs
50. Cancer or other malignant
51.
tumours of the breast
Cancer or other malignant
tumours
genito urinary organs
100 3,926 1,028 4,026 169
303 10,089 3,308 10,392
340
24
3 24
1
1
38
16
39
}
6
6
3
|
1
3
37
1
40
3
GO
3
15
41
13
44
1
of
the
male
7
→
7
2
Co
3
a
52.
Cancer or other malignant
tumours of the skin
1
3
1
4
1
66
19
66
1
1
53.
Cancer or other malignant
tumours of organs not specified
2
15
1
17
1
18
00
18
7
7
3
85
88
2
1
2 C
1 11
1
I
Co
6
I
Co
Q M
I
12
22
14
2
5
2
I
17
58. Gout
59.
1
12
60.
Scurvy
61.
Beri-beri
92
62. Pellagra
2222
63. Rickets
17
2
1
00 10
156
co
159
12
50
55
17
13
13
93
2222
17
3
17
6
2
7
30 2,777
2
ཚ|།
915 2,807
269
Carried forward
112 4,246 1,049 4,358
192
357 13,287 4,290 |13,644| 639
54. Non-malignant tumours :-
(a) Female genital organs (b) Other sites
55. Tumours of undetermined
nature :-
(a) Female genital organs (b) Other sites
III.-Rheumatism, Discases of Nutrition and of Endocrine Glands, and Other General Discases.
56.
Rheumatic fever
57. Chronic rheumatism, osteo-
arthritis :-
(a) Chronic rheumatism (b) Rheumatoid arthritis
Diabetes mellitus
Diseases.
M 119
―
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
ur
Remaining Hospital at
end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
Brought forward
III.-Rheumatism,. Diseases of Nutrition and of Endocrine Glands, and Other General Diseases.-(Contd.)
64.
Osteomalacia
65. Diseases of the pituitary
gland
66. Diseases of the thyroid and
parathyroid glands
(a) Simple goitre
(b) Exophthalmic goitre
(c) Myxoedema, cretin-
ism
(d) Tetany
(e) Other diseases
67. Diseases of the thymus
68. Diseases of the
adrenal
glands (excluding tuber- culosis)
69. Other general diseases
IV.-Diseases of the Blood and Blood Forming Organs.
70. Haemorrhagic conditions:-
(a) Purpura
(b) Haemophilia
112 4,246 1,049 4,358 192 357 13,287 4,290 13,644
1
1
1
1
15
15
1
7
11
10
12
12
10
10
20
639
126
43
126
18
co
යS
3
i
3
1
2
3
3
3
71
1
71
16
2 N
58
N
178
178
89998
60
2
2
29
71. Anaemia, chlorosis :-
(a) Pernicious anaemia...
2
1
(b) Other anaemias and
chlorosis
4
(i) Splenic anaemia
8
(ii) Others
20
21
(a) Leukaemia
72. Leukaemia, aleukaemia :-
Chronic myeloid
2
1
Chronic lymphatic..
Acute
Multiple myeloma
(b) Aleukaemia (lym-
phadenoma)
Carried forward
1
1
115 4,312 1,056 4,427
200
362 13,747 4,339 14,109 704
Diseases.
M 120
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in Hospital at
end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
Remaining in
?? [aqxdsof
end of 1936.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Brought forward
IV.--Diseases of the Blood and
Blood Forming Organs.-- (Contd.)
73. Diseases of the spleen
(a) Banti's disease
(b) Other diseases of the
spleen
74. Other diseases of the blood,
and blood forming organs
V.-Chronic Poisoning.
75. Alcoholism (acute or chro-
nic)
76. Chronic poisoning by other
organic substances :--
Opium habit
Morphine habit
Others
77. Chronic poisoning
mineral substances
(a) Occupational
poisoning
1154,312 1,056 4,427
200
362 13,747 4,339 14,109
{
2
12
12
1
16
16.
18
18
704
37
39
13
682
.695
39
2
2
28
1
28
4
by
lead
(b) Other chronic poison-
ing by mineral
VI.-Diseases of the Nervous
System and Sense Organs.
78. Encephalitis :-
(a) Cerebral abscess
(b) Others
79. Meningitis (non-epidemic)..
80. Tabes dorsalis (locomotor
ataxy)
81. Other diseases of the spinal
cord
*-
(a) Progressive muscular
atrophy
I
11
11
3
H
}
2
2
2
50
44
50
1
36
1
40
2
(b) Subacute
sclerosis
combined
117 4,393 1,058 4,510 204 379 14,574 4,392 14,953 748
Diseases.
M 121
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
emaining in Hospital at eud of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Remaining in Hospital at
Total Cases
Treated.
end of 1937.
Carried forward
VI.-Diseases of the Nervous System and Sense Organs. -(Contd.)
81. Other diseases of the spinal]
cord -Continued.
(c) Myelitis of unstated
117 4,393 1,058 4,510. 204 379 14,574 4,392 14,953 748
origin
1
5
• 6
1
2
2
(d) Other
diseases in-
cluded under 81
I
82.
plexy, etc:-
Cerebral haemorrhage, apo-
(a) Cerebral haemorrhage
(b) Cerebral
and thrombosis
(c) Hemiplegia and other paralyses of unstated origin
1
28
20
29
10
224 98 234
2
embolism
4
48
6
48
2
4
18
83. General paralysis of the
insane
2
20
4
84. Other forms of insanity :-
85. Epilepsy
(a) Dementia praecox (b) Others
86. Infantile convulsions
87. Other diseases of the ner-
vous system :—
(a) Chorea
(b) Neuritis, neuralgia..
(c) Paralysis agitans
6
54
43
175
13 218
16
2 2 899
1
89
17
93
1
1
3
1
12
38
3
២
16
132
13
3D 1
3
136
3
5
5
57
57
1
1
|
5
85
90
8
139 2,520
21
231 2,659 22
193
scle-
(d) Disseminated
rosis
(e) Hysteria
(f) Neurasthenia
(g) Others
88. Diseases of the eye :-
(a) Conjunctivitis
(b) Trachoma
(c) Corneal ulcer
(d) Other diseases
Carried forward
6
11
11
1
30
31
2
1
225
20
21
51
CE 2288
6
12
16
229
12
16
220
20
23
52
11
GO ON H
2
72
74
5
192
197
2
61
63
381
382
15
2425
183 4,943 1,099 | 5,126 283 548 18,409 4,765 18,957
980
Diseases.
M 122
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Brought forward
VI.-Diseases of the Nervous System and Sense Organs -(Contd.)
89. Diseases of the ear and of
90.
the mastoid sinus :-
(a) Otitis externa
(b) Otitis media
(c) Mastoiditis
(d) Others
VII.-Diseases of the
Circulatory System.
Pericarditis
91: Acute endocarditis :-
(a) Malignant endocar-
ditis
(b) Other acute endocar-
ditis
92. Chronic endocarditis, val-
vular disease :-
183 4,943 1,099 5,126.
+221*
25
25
1
17
1
18
3
3
1
1
3
(a) Aortic valve disease (b) Mitral valve disease
1
19
1
46
(c) Aortic and mitral
3
valve disease
(d) Endocarditis not re- turned as acute or chronic
(e) Other or unspecified
valve disease
dium :-
93. Diseases of the myocar-
(a) Acute myocarditis ... (b) Myocardial degenera-
tion
94. Diseases of the coronary
arteries :-
(a) Angina pectoris
(b) Coronary sclerosis
4
1
10 00
283
548 18,409 4,765 18,957
86
98
22
1
35 34
37 35
2
19
17
19
4
2
25
20
7 134
47
6 198
88983
33
141
8
62
204
14
3
1
8
-7
9
10
2
14
23 23
23
6
3
34
20 35
1
39
21 39
7 532 319 539
9
Carried forward
190 5,113 1,140 5,303 295
578 19,445 5,255 20,023 1,014
i
Diseases.
M 123
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly Total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly Total.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at
end of 1937.
Brought forward
VII.-Diseases of the
Circulatory System. --(Contd.)
95. Other diseases of the
heart :-
(a) Disordered action of
190 5,113 1,140 5,303 295 578 19,445 5,255 20,023 1,014
heart
1
19
(b) Other
diseases in-
cluded under 95
2
7
1
96. Aneurysm
97. Arterio-sclerosis
98. Gangrene
1
Hand Him Or
5
1
99. Other diseases of the
arteries
100. Diseases of the veins :-
(a) Varicose veins
(b) Haemorrhoids
(c) Phlebitis
(d) Thrombosis
(e) Others
Į
20
3648
23
→
225
I
23
1
7
17
25
H
5
2
2
24
1
50
51
8
161
1
111889 1
101. Diseases of the lymphatic
system, etc.)
(lymphangitis,
102. Abnormalities
pressure:
of blood
8
the
(a) Arterial hypertension (b) Arterial hypotension
103. Other diseases of
circulatory system
VIII.-Diseases of the Respiratory System.
104. Diseases of the nasal
fossae and annexa :-
(a) Diseases of the nose (b) Diseases of the ac-
cessory nasal sinuses
105. Diseases of the larynx :-
(a) Laryngismus stridu-
lus
25
24
201
225
12
7
7
50
1
5
1
5
38
38
1
49
3
28
31
100
(b) Laryngitis
10
10
1
Carried forward
2005,301 1,142 5,501
307
77
77
2
613 20,024 5,286 20,637 1,035
Diseases.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
· M. 124
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Deaths.
Brought forward
VIII.-Diseases of the
Respiratory System. -(Contd.)
105. Diseases of the larynx :—
(Contd.)
(c) Other
diseases of
the larynx
106. Bronchitis :-
(a) Acute bronchitis
(5) Chronic bronchitis
(c) Bronchitis not dis- tinguished as acute or chronic
107. Broncho-pneumonia
108. Lobar pneumonia
109. Pneumonia (not otherwise
defined)
•
110. Pleurisy
(a) Empyema
(b) Other pleurisy
111. Congestion and haemor-
rhagic infarct of lung,
etc :-
(a) Hypostatic conges-
tion of lungs
(b) Other diseases in-
cluded under 111
112. Asthma
113. Pulmonary emphysema
114. Other diseases of the
respiratory system :-
(a) Chronic interstitial
pneumonia, includ- ing occupational disease of the lung.. (b) Other diseases in-
cluded in 114 :- (1) Gangrene of the
lung (2) Other
diseases
included under
1146
Carried forward
2005,301 1,142 5,501 307
613 20,024 5,286 20,637 1,035
Q
10 HON
111 59
111
61
5
69
74
1
159
105
160
2
94
39
96
1
5
1
11
12
18
18
Co
2 2 10
171,336 508 1,353 401,763 405 1,803
528 137 528 142,619 1,890 2,633
28 14
21
21
8
703 379 711
4
1
228 138
229
7
12
5
13
21
22
2
98
98
4
327
34
331
8
3
3
Q
212 5,988 1,290 6,145 322 699 27,564 8,785 28,263 1,138
Diseases.
M 125
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at
end of 1937.
Brought forward
IX.-Diseases of the Digestive System.
115. Diseases of the buccal
cavity, pharynx etc :-
(a) Diseases of the teeth
and gums
212 5,933 1,290 6,145 322 699 27,564 8,785 28,263 1,138
196
196
7
411
13
418
(b) Ludwig's angina
1
1
8
9
(c) Diseases of the ton-
sils
3
196
199
6
4
157
(d) Other diseases in-
cluded in 115
161
2
116. Diseases of the oesophagus
2
22
2
1
10
5
2
01
Co
2
117. Ulcer of the stomach or
duodenum :-
(a) Ulcer of the stomach (b) Ulcer of the duode-
2
25
со
27
3
116
29
120
num
118. Other diseases of the
1
35
2 36
2
20
20
20
stomach :-
(a) Inflammation of the
stomach
48
50
12
975
91 987
I
225
(b) Other diseases in-
cluded in 118
10
10
12 356 118 368
6
119. Diarrhoea and enteritis
(under 2 years)
120. Diarrhoea and enteritis
(2 years and over):
(a) Colitis
(b) Otherwise defined
121. Appendicitis
122. Hernia, intestinal
struction :-
(a) Hernia
(b) Intestinal
tion
ob-
2
120
34
122
2
81,699 1,0681,707
33
109
3 109
2
11
26
2
111
9 117
10
172
|1,423 299
639 1,423
40 310
7 212 152 219
15
49
16
51
2052
8
Co
51
57
4
2
84
Co
6
G
86
10
4
10
2 34
5
36
1
(b) Diverticulitis
der 123
obstruc-.
123. Other diseases
of the
intestines:-
(a) Constipation
(c) Others included un-
1
66
1
3
21
I
67
1
1
39
1
24
24
2
2
33
39
1
35
Carried forward
242 6,935 1,353 7,177
356
775 33,483 11,017 84,258 1,250
Diseases.
M 126
Appendix A
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
356
775 33,483 11,017 34,258 1,250
14
a
93
11
102
13
2
13 286
43
299
1
Brought forward
IX.-Diseases of the
Digestive System. -(Contd.)
124. Cirrhosis of the liver :-
(a) Returned as alcoholic (b) Not returned as
alcoholic
125. Other diseases of the
liver :-
(a) Acute yellow atrophy (6) Others included un-
der 125
Amoebic abscess...
Hepatitis
126. Biliary calculi
127. Other diseases of the gall
bladder and ducts
128. Diseases of the pancreas.. 129. Peritonitis without stated
cause
X.-Non-Veneral Diseases of the Genito-Urinary System and Annexa.
242 6,935 1,353 7,177
1
13
13
Q
2
2
26
1
1
10
6
CO
28
1
70
70
1
9
1
34
20
1
34
!
11
2
27
16
28
1 1 1
130. Acute nephritis
23
23
131. Chronic nephritis
210
16 213
1
52
53
3
59
800 466 859
132. Nephritis not stated to
be acute or chronic
1
12
1
13
6
807
275
133. Other diseases of the
813
97133
27
18
kidney and annexa :-
(a) Pyelitis
1
11
1
12
(b) Other diseases in-
cluded under 133
134. Calculi of the urinary
passages :-
(a) Calculi of kidney
and ureter
1
2
3
12
8
12
29
6
29
(b) Calculi of the blad-
der
2
2228
26
H
(c) Calculi of unstated
site
Carried forward
I
23
28
888
an
C
39
41
3
2
253 7,167 1,384 7,420 369 868 35,902 11,883 36,770 1,308
Diseases.
M 127
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Deaths.
Total Cases
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Carried forward
X.-Non-Veneral Diseases of the Genito-Urinary System and Annexa.-(Contd.)
135. Diseases of the bladder :
ސ:
253 7,167 1,384 7,420
369
Deaths.
Total Cases Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
868 35,902 11,883 36,770 1,308
(a) Cystitis
22
22
22
50
54
10
(b) Other
diseases of
5
the bladder
1
2
3
18
18
1
136. Diseases of the urethra,
urinary abscess, etc :--
(a) Stricture
of the
urethra
1
35
36
1
14
(b) Other diseases
of
the urethra, etc.
137. Diseases of the prostate
4
42
1
3
1
male
~
++
14
44
1
138. Diseases of the
genital organs :-
(a) Phimosis
(b) Paraphimosis
(c) Hydrocele
420
30
30
3
18
21
1
1
19
20
248
139. Diseases of the female
genital organs :-
(a) 1. Diseases of the
Ovary
1
S
56
57
3
13
16.
2. Diseases of the
fallopian tube
36
36
14
14
3. Diseases of the
parametrium
(b) Diseases of the
20
20
a
uterus
2
197
199
(c) Diseases
of the
breast
1
15
16
97
97
56
1333
63
1
(d) Other
diseases of
the female genital
organs.
4 163
1
25
167 26
40
40
(e) Sterility
XI.-Diseases of Pregnancy,,
Childbirth and the Puerperal
State.
140. Post-abortive sepsis :
Septic abortion
Carried forward
2
Q
266 7,799 1,335 8,065 385 890 36,280 11,901 37,170 1,316
RAY
I zibяeqqA
XIXI eldsT
Tiger H azazi
Diseases.
MIM-
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS..
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
(b) Other
puerperal
Brought forward
XI.-Diseases of Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperal State.-(Contd.)
141. Abortion not returned as
septic-
(a) Haemorrhage follow-
ing abortion
(b) Without record of
haemorrhage
142. Ectopic gestation
143. Other accidents of preg-
nancy
144. Puerperal haemorrhage
(a) Placenta praevia
266 7,799 1,385 8,065.
30
289
335.
890 36,280 11,901 37,170 1,316
32
124
124
36
1
36
6
10
11
10
50
6
10
1
1
24
25
7
7
19
1
19
ॐ
25
25
haemorrhage
3.
23
4
26
13
145. Puerperal sepsis
13
*
(a) Puerperal septicaemia
and pyaemia
(b) Puerperal tetanus
146. Puerperal albuminuria and
convulsions :-
(a) Puerperal
sions
convul-
(b) Other conditions in-
cluded in 146
147. Other toxaemias of preg
nancy
148. Puerperal phlegmasia alba dolens, embolism and sudden death :--
Puerperal phlegma- sia alba dolens not
returned as septic... Puerperal embolism
and sudden death...
149. Conditions associated with
labour :-
(a) Normal labour
(b) Accidents of child-
birth
3
2.
3
67
67
10
CX
10
7
47
14
48
1
1
18
1
18
15
1
8
15
2
64 3,615
3,679
80
79 6,000
6,079
78
(c), False, labour
62 245
65 249
97
2
97
ate to Carried, forward
344 11,959 1,399 12,303
466
970 42,637 11,939 43,607 1,398
Diseases.
M 129
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
*
344 11,959 1,399 12,303 466
970 42,637 11,939 43,607 1,398
Brought forward
XI.-Diseases of Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperal State.-(Contd.)
150. Other or unspecified con- ditions of the puerperal
state-
(a) Puerperal insanity... (b) Puerperal
diseases
of the breast
XII.-Diseases of the Skin and Cellular Tissue.
151. Carbuncle, boil
152. Cellulitis, acute abscess :-
(a) Cellulitis
(b) Acute abscess
153. Other diseases of the skin
and its annexa
XIII.-Discases of the Bones and Organs of Locomotion.
1
1
16
16
N
73
2
75
10
271
28
276
H
76
169
6
473
97
176
479
***
3 10 269
37
279
12
13 33 623
39 656
32
247
256
14 18 346
2
364
10
154. Acute infective osteomye- litis and periostitis
5
35
155. Other diseases of the
bones
24
098998
40
7
26
1.
156. Diseases of the joints and other organs of loco-
motion :-
(a) Diseases of the joints (b) Diseases of other
organs of locomotion
XIV.-Congenital Malforma-
tions
157. Congenital malformations:-
(a) Congenital
cephalus
hydro-
Carried forward
N
97
10
5
99
5
11
4
5
53
58
3
4 124
128
5
1
3
1
10
5
100
5
2
381 13,036 1,417 13,417 5121,044 44,398 12,053 45,442 1,472
Diseases.
M 180
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Yearly total.
Brought forward
XIV.-Congenital Malforma-
tions,-(Contd.)
157. Congenital malformations :
-Continued.
(b) Spina bifida and
meningocele
(c) Congenital malform-
ation of heart
(d) Monstrosities
(e) Other
381 13,036 1,417 13,417 5121,044 44,398 12,053 45,442 1,472
1
congenital
malformations
XV.-Diseases of Early
Infancy.
158. Congenital debility
159. Premature birth
160. Injury at birth
161. Other diseases peculiar to
early infancy:
(a) Atelectasis
(b) Icterus neonatorum..
(c) Other
diseases
cluded in 161
in-
Diseases of
the
umbilicus
1
2
43
1
43
19
© H
6
385
H
COH
141
99
150
19
2 63
55
65
1
།
1
7
9
50
50
50
1
Pemphigus neo-
natorum
Others included
under 161c.
XVI.-Old Age.
162. Old Age
(a) Senile dementia
13
1
13
(b) Other
4
forms of
20
I
20
32 635
357
667
11
senile decay
XVII.-Conditions Associated
with Violence.
163. Suicide, от attempted
suicide, by poisoning (including corrosive poi- soning)
Carried forward
103 24 103
1
1
34
35
382 13,247 1,451 13,629 518 1,092 45,348 12,627 46,440 1,487
Diseases.
M 131
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Adinis-
*SUOIS
Deaths.
Brought forward
XVII.-Conditions Associated with Violence.—(Contd.)
164. Suicide, or attempted
suicide, by gas poisoning 165. Suicide, or attempted suicide, by hanging or strangulation
166. Suicide, or attempted
suicide, by drowning
167. Suicide, or attempted
suicide, by firearms
168. Suicide, or attempted suicide, by cutting or piercing instruments
169. Suicide,
or attempted
suicide, by jumping from a height
170. Suicide, or attempted
suicide, by crushing
171. Suicide, or attempted
suicide, by other means
172. Infanticide
173. Assault or homicide, by
332 13,247 1,451 13,629 518 1,092 45,348 12,627 46,440 1,487
-
3
13
14
53
53
33
39
Co
CO
♡
9
1
I
firearms
Co
174. Assault or homicide, by cutting or piercing in-
struments
626
6
629
175. Assault or homicide, by
other means
173
10
173
176. Attacks
by
venomous
animals :-
(a) Snake bite
(b) Insect bite
(c) Others
177. Food poisoning
38
6
2
2
38
3
22
178. Accidental absorption of irrespirable or poisonous
gas
179. Other acute accidental
1
1
1
1
poisoning
16
16-
Carried forward
386 14,203 1,477 14,589 5181,093 45,415 12,631 46,508 1,488
M 132
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Yearly total.
Diseases.
·Brought forward
XVII.-Conditions Associated with Violence.—(Contd.)
180. Injuries due to conflagra-
tion
181. Accidental burns:-
(conflagration excepted)-
(a) Burns by fire
(b) Scalds
(c) Burns by corrosive
substances
(d) Dermatitis due to
sun
(e) Dermatitis due to
exposure to other forms of radiation...
mechanical
182. Accidental
suffocation
183. Accidental immersion or
drowning
184. Accidental injury by fire-
arms
185. Accidental injury by cut- ting or piercing instru- ments
186. Accidental injury by fall, crushing, etc. (This title includes all accidental deaths from injuries by falling, on railways, by vehicles, by machinery, by landslides, etc.).
187. Cataclysm
(This title includes all deaths from cyclones, volcanic eruptions, tidal waves, earthquakes or tornadoes).
188. Injury by animals (poi- soning by venomous animals excepted)
Carried forward
386 14,203 1,477 14,589 5181,093 45,415 12,631 46,508 1,483
88888
3883
3
59
62
2
83
85
4
3
w
1
14
1
15
CO
11
33
N
12
1
2
7
1
7
1
66
67
65
972
3 972
12
2
40
42
3
45 2,167
140 2,212 69
I
}
20
20
330
4
350
28
28
437 17,505 1,635 17,942 602 1,120 45,915 12,638 47,035 1,558
Diseases.
M 133-
Appendix A.
Table LXVIII.
GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Appendix B.
Table LXIX.
CHINESE HOSPITALS.
Yearly total.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Adinis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Gases Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1937.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1936.
Admis-
sions.
Deaths.
Total Casos
Treated.
Remaining in Hospital at
end of 1937.
Brought forward
XVII.-Conditions Associated
with Violence.—(Contd.)
189. Hunger or thirst
190. Excessive cold
191. Excessive heat
192. Lightning
193. Electricity
194. Other and unstated forms
of accidental violence:
Inattention at birth
Other causes
under 194
included
195. Violence of an unstated
nature-(i.e.
suicidal, etc.)
196. Wounds of war
accidental,
197. Execution of civilians by belligerent armies
198. Execution
XVIII.-Ill-Defined Diseases-
199. Sudden death
200. Cause of death unstated.
or ill-defined :-
(a) Heart failure
(b) Other
causes
ill-defined
(c) Cause not specified..
201. Under observation
202. Malingering
203. Persons accompanying
patients
Miscellaneous
Maternity Cases
437 17,505 1,635 17,942 602 1,120 45,915 12,638 47,035 1,588
2
I
| | |
།།ྒུ
321
3
1
2
| |
1
3
3 3
43.
325
3
11
.00
1
}
2
887
887
6
Total
443. 17,832. 1,637 18,275 6111,120 46,849 12,641 47,969 1,594
M 134
Appendix C.
REPORT OF THE REGISTRAR-GENERAL OF BIRTHS & DEATHS.
Brief mention has been made of demographic details in the anain body of this report under the heading "II Public Health, Vital Statistics." For the sake of economy of space, therefore, the Registrar-General's Report is submitted this year in tabular form with the minimum of text.
Population.
The population figure for mid-year 1937 is obtained from an arithmetical estimate based upon the increase between the Census of 1921 and that of 1931, but adding a figure of 100,000 to the end result to represent the Chinese maritime population which was not accurately enumerated in 1931.
The number so obtained is believed to be from twenty-five to thirty per centum below the actual figure resulting from the influx of refugees during the second half of 1937. From the data available it is not possible to estimate with any degree of accuracy the sex and age distribution of the population in the territories as a whole differentiated according to nationality.
Table LXX.
Census Census
1921.
1931.
Estimated at mid-year
1937.
Island of Hong Kong
Non-Chinese
9,454
Chinese
337,947
9 €96 399,507
9.847
437,982
Kowloon Peninsula
Non-Chinese
3,186
7,925
10,887
Chinese
120,262
255,095
339,366
New Territories
Non-Chinese
216
376
476
Chinese
82,947
97,781
107,052
Maritime
*Non-Chinese
1,942
1,372
1,372
+Chinese
Total Non-Chinese
69,212
68,721
100,000
14,798
19,369
22,582
Chinese
Totals
610,368
821,104
984,400
625,166
840,473 1,006,982
The decrease in Non-Chinese maritime population between the years 1921 and 1931 is considered to be due to the slump which Hong Kong was suffering from at that time and in the circumstances it is not considered that the decrease has been maintained. The 1931 figure has therefore been retained,
It will be seen from the above figures that there was a slight decrease in the maritime population between the years 1921 and 1931. This was due to the fact that many were not counted in 1931, and a figure of 100,000 has been taken for some years past as a more accurate estimation of this section of the population.
- M 135
Births.
A considerable increase in the number of births registered was noted in 1937, the figure being 32,303 as compared with 27,383 in 1936. ·
The ratio of male to female births was as 119 to 100.
The crude birth-rate rose from 27.8 per thousand living in 1936 to 32.1 in 1937. :
The following table provides means of comparison with previous years.
Table LXXI.
Year.
1933.
1934.
1935.
1936. 1937.
Males
Females
10,302
8,440
11,316 13,496 15,064 17,559
9,570 11,541 12,319 14.744
Persons
18,742 20,886
25,037 27,383 32,303
Deaths.
Deaths showed an even greater increase in 1937 over the number recorded in the previous year, the relevant figures being 34,635 and 25,380 respectively.
Male deaths largely exceeded female in the proportion of 140 to 100.
The crude death-rate showed a corresponding rise from 25.8 in 1936 to 34.4. in 1937.
Table LXXII gives the data over a period of five years.
Table LXXII.
Year.
1933. 1934. 1935. 1936.
1937.
Males
Females
10,168 10,464 12.059
14,681 20,233
Sex unknown
8,762 8.402 9,290
19
19
18
10,683
14,392
16
10
Persons*
18,949 18,885
21,367 25,380
34,635
**Deaths among the Forces of the Crown are not included in this table.
M 136
Infant mortality.
As might be expected from the very different standards of living enjoyed by the Non-Chinese community as compared with the vast bulk of the indigenous population, the loss of infant life is far higher in the second group.
In the year under review the figures were 46 and 376 respectively and the ratio was even worse in 1936 as may be seen from Table LXXIII.
Table LXXIII.
Year.
1933.
1934.
1935.
1936.
1937.
Non-Chinese
Chinese
88
50
57
37
46
455
347
316
372
376
Deaths according to age.
Owing to the fact that the system employed in 1937 in the compilation of weekly mortality returns did not permit of classification into the two sexes, it is not possible on this occasion to classify the age-groups at which deaths took place into sexes.
Reference to Table LXXIV will show that approximately one third of the recorded deaths occurred in infants under one year of age and that nearly forty-five per centum of all death's took place within the first five years of life-a very definite indication of the need for very active steps on the part of Government to secure early improvement in environmental hygiene, housing, disposal of wastes, nutrition, etc., and in the provision of adequate maternal and child welfare services.
Table LXXIV.
Under 1-5 5-15 15-30| 30—60| over 60 unknown 1 year. years years years years years
age.
Persons*. 11,650 3,888 1,260 4,484
9,387
3,824
142
*Eleven deaths among the Forces of the Crown are not included in this table.
J
M. 137
Seasonal incidence.
The months of June and December, 1936, provided two peaks in the mortality returns. In 1937 the curve was com- plicated by three factors, the cholera epidemic, the arrival of inany thousands of refugees from Shanghai, Tientsin and other parts of China affected by the Sino-Japanese hostilities, and, thirdly, the typhoon at the beginning of September.
The monthly totals of deaths are tabulated below.
Table LXXV.
January February March
April
May June July
August
September
October
November
December
Total
Month.
Number of deaths.
1936.
1937.
1,809
2,477
1,577
2,150
2,043
2,230
1,902
2,098
1,927
2,360
2,438
2,506
2,318
2,623
2,207
3,506
1,971
4,070
2,437
3,684
2,244
3,460
2,507
3,471
25.380* 34,635*
"Deaths among the Forces of the Crown are not included in this table.
Nationality of deceased.
The distribution of deaths according to nationality are briefly summarised in Table LXXVI.
Table LXXVI,
CIVILIAN NON-CHINESE DEATHS REGISTERED DURING 1937.
American
Annamite
British
Ceylonese
Danish
9
3
61
1
2
Eurasian
Filipino French
M 138
1
T 00 20 M
2
German
Hebrew
1
Indian
48
Italian
3
Japanese
39
Jewish Malayan
Mauritian
Mexican Norwegian Parsee
Portuguese
2
1
2
46
Russian
Spanish
Swedish
244
Causes of death.
Not only were the weekly mortality forms used in 1937 based upon the International List of Causes of Death of 1926. but the causes of death as recorded failed to coincide with the numbers given in that List.
Moreover, no distinction on a sex basis was inade in the death returns for 1987. For these reasons, it is only possible to give the gross totals of deaths from various causes in Table LXXVIII appended.
Steps have been taken to revise the form of the mortality returns which will follow the International List of Causes of Death of 1931 in future years.
(1) DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM (NON-TUBERCULOUS).
This group occupied the first place in the list of causes of death in 1937 and was responsible for 10,380 deaths. The ratio of deaths from bronchitis, broncho-pneumonia, pneumonia, etc., to deaths from all causes amounted to 300 per 1,000. The cor- responding ratio of deaths from respiratory disease per thousand living persons was 10.3.
M 139
(2) ENTERITIS.
Next in order of importance in killing diseases came enteritis, including gastro-enteritis, which caused 2,365 deaths in children under one year of age and a further 2,120 deaths in persons at other ages, a total of 4,485. This figure gives a ratio of 130 per thousand deaths from all causes and 4.5 deaths from enteritis per thousand living persons.
(3) TUBERCULOSIS.
Tuberculosis was third on the list of the diseases contributing 4,028 to the mortality figures for 1937. By far the greater number of these deaths were due to pulmonary tuberculosis. This is no doubt due to the bad housing conditions and malnutri- tion from which the poorer classes suffer combined with the extremely common habit of spitting everywhere and at all times.
The proportion of deaths from tuberculosis per thousand from all causes amounted to 116, whilst the ratio per thousand living persons was four. By far the greater number of deaths were accounted for by tuberculosis of the respiratory system, presumably due very largely to the human strain, the relatively small number of intestinal, bony and lymphatic cases in which the bovine bacillus may have been concerned, suggesting a close correlation with the existing small consumption of fresh cow's milk.
(4) INFECTIOUS DISEASES (Non-tuberculous).
Infectious and contagious diseases came high up on the list of causes of death 176 deaths being attributed to typhoid fever, ninety-four to smallpox, nineteen to measles, two to whooping cough, 148 to diphtheria, 377 to influenza, 1,082 to cholera, 316 to dysentery, thirteen to leprosy, five each to erysipelas and acute poliomyelitis, eight to encephalitis lethargica, eighty-eight to cerebro-spinal meningitis, nine* to tetanus and 296 to syphilis. The total of 2,638 gives a ratio of seventy-six per thousand deaths from all ages and 2.6 per thousand living persons. This high proportion of deaths from infectious diseases provides yet another index of the unsatisfactory health conditions prevailing in Hong Kong.
(5) NUTRITIONAL DISEASES.
Although scurvy and rickets were certified to be the cause of death in only one case each, 1,661 deaths were stated to be due to beri beri. Where not only the cause but the means of prevention are known and the latter easily obtainable by the poorest inhabitant, it is unfortunate that such a heavy toll of life takes place from this disease.
Excluding forty-nine deaths from tetanus neonatorum.
M 140
Pellagra and other deficiency diseases do not appear to in- fluence mortality returns in these territories.
Other nutritional diseases including general malnutrition and starvation, however, carried off 1,033 persons, mostly of tender age.
(6) PUERPERAL MORTALITY.
Diseases and accidents of pregnancy and parturition were responsible for the relatively small number of seventy-six deaths representing a ratio of 2.4 per thousand living births.
In spite of the low standard of environmental hygiene met with in the poorer quarters of Hong Kong and Kowloon, a remarkably few women appear to lose their lives in child-birth as compared with the total mortality. It is difficult to believe that good midwifery is the principle reason for this and it seems more likely that the average Chinese women possesses some degree of racial resistance to the invasion of streptococci. Nine- teen of the deaths referred to above were attributed to eclampsia.
(7) VIOLENCE AND OTHER EXTERNAL
CAUSES.
Before leaving the subject of causes of death, mention might be made of the relatively high death-rate recorded from affections produced by violence and other external causes.
A total of 864 deaths were registered under this heading of which 366 were due to drowning 103 to suicide.
Further details of causes of death are to be found in Tables LXXVIII, LXXIX and LXXX at the end of this section-the last two relating specifically to cholera and tuberculosis.
CERTIFICATION OF CAUSES OF DEATH.
As might be expected in a community made up largely of illiterates a minority of whom appreciate the advantages of Western medicine, the bulk of the deaths recorded are persons who have not sought medical aid during their life time.
in
It is for this reason and the fact that the understaffing of the Medical Department resulting in, for example, a busy Health Officer responsible for a population of about 600,000 having to carry out "autopsies" on as many as thirty-one dead bodies in a day in addition to his normal duties as a medical officer of health that a certain amount of reserve needs to be exercised in accepting causes of death as listed.
M 141
The following table shows the nature of the authorities certifying the cause of death, either as the result of attendance upon
the deceased in life or from information obtained at "autopsy".
Table LXXVII, ·
an
Chinese
Non-Chinese
Authority certifying cause
of death
Medical practitioners
in attendance
Number Percentage Number Percentage of cases
of all cases of cases of all cases
20,115
58.5
188
77
Medical Officer of
Health
0.01
Tung Wah Hospital..
730
2.1
Tung Wah Eastern
Hospital
660
1.9
Kwong Wah Hospital.
1,682
4.9
Coroner from inform-
ation received from
the Medical Offi-
cers. i/c. Public
Mortuaries
8,119
23.6
56
23
Asst. Registrars,
New Territories
3,082
9.0
Total
34,391
244
:
M 142
Table LXXVIII.
CAUSES OF DEATH.
A. Epidemic, Endemic and Infectious Diseases.
Persons
1
Enteric group
(a)
Typhoid fever
176
LO
5
Malaria
(a)
Benign tertian
1
(c)
Subtertian
409
(d)
Cachexia
2
Blackwater fever
4
Mixed or undefined
284
9
10
11
15
OPSOL
6
Smallpox
94
7
Measles
19
Whooping cough
2
Diphtheria
148
Influenza
377
Cholera
1,082
17
Dysentery
Amoebic
47
(b)
Bacillary
189
(c)
Undefined (and other causes)..
80
20
Leprosy
13
21
Erysipelas
5
22
Acute poliomyelitis
23
Encephalitis lethargica
24
Cerebro-spinal meningitis
(epidemic)
88
31
Tetanus (except of newly born)
9
34
Tuberculosis
121
(a)
Disseminated (miliary and
general)
431
(b)
Pulmonary (phthisis)
3,061
(c)
Meningeal
334
(d)
Intestinal and peritoneal
40
(e)
Of bones and joints
24
Glandular (lymphatic)
7
(g)
Of skin (lupus)
1
(i)
Of other organs
9
35
Syphilis
(b)
Tertiary
7
(c)
Congenital and conceptional
279
(d)
Undefined
10
38
Beri-beri
1,661
40
Scurvy
1
9
M 143
CAUSES OF DEATH,-Contd.
A. Epidemic, Endemic and Infectious Diseases.
Persons
41
Rickets
1
42
Buccal
7
(a)
Carcinoma and sarcoma
(malignant disease)
1
(b)
Gastric and hepatic
91
Intestinal and peritoneal
39
Of female gential organs
42
Of breast
22
(f)
Of dermal
8
(g)
Of other organs
53
ttt
43
Non-malignant tumours
44
Rheumatism
(a)
Acute
(b)
Chronic
144
2
4
45
Diabetes mellitus
25
47
Diseases of thyroid gland
(a)
Exophthalmic goitre
4
(c)
Other
1
48
Diseases of thymus
(b)
Other
51
Anaemia
(a)
Pernicious
(b)
52
(a)
53
(a)
(g)
Secondary (cause not stated) Leukaemias
Leukaemia (splenomedullary)... Other General Diseases
Purpura haemorrhagica
Septicaemic and toxaemia
(cause unknown)
120000
1
4
(h)
Other general diseases
∞ H
56
#5
54
Chronic poisoning
(d)
Opium poisoning-
7
Encephalitis (excluding
encephalitis lethargica)
1
57
Meningitis (not tuberculous or
infective c.s.m.)
64
58
Locomotor ataxia (tabes
dorsalis)
2
59
Other diseases of spinal cord
(excluding acute poliomye-
litis).
1
Myelitis
6
60
Apoplexy
73
(a)
Cerebral haemorrhage
144
>
M 144
CAUSES OF DEATH,-Contd.
A. Epidemic, Endemic and Infectious Diseases.
Persons
(b)
Cerebral embolism
2
62
(a)
(b)
3$ 38
63
Cerebral thrombosis
Paralysis
Hemiplegia (cause unspecified). Paraplegia and other forms General paralysis of insane
12
2
18
.3
6
64
Other forms of mental aliena-
tion and defect
6
65
14
66
73
76
2 222 8
68
(d)
69
Epilepsy.
Other fits or convulsions of
unspecified origin (over 2 years)
Other functional nervous
diseases
Tetany (over 2 years)
Neuritis, sciatica, atrophy,
8
со
1
etc. (cause not specified) Pericarditis
256
37
74
Myocarditis
577
75
Acute and infective endo-
carditis
13
Chronic endocarditis and
valvular disease
93
Mitral
152
Aortic
84
(d)
Congenital heart disease
3
(e)
Cardiac failure and syncope
(cause unspecified)
10
77
Angina pectoris
11
78
Other diseases of heart
22
79
Diseases of the arteries
2
Aneurism
31
(b)
Arterio-sclerosis (cause
unspecified)
20
(c)
Other
1
80
Diseases of veins
& L
(a)
84
system
85
(c)
Other
87
Bronchitis
(a)
Acute
(b)
Chronic
Haemorrhoids
Other diseases of circulatory
Diseases of nasal passages
1
3
7
2,083
1,085
M 145
CAUSES OF DEATH,-Contd.
A. Epidemic, Endemic and Infectious Diseases.
Persons
99
100
(c)
Bronchiectasis
888888
Broncho-pneumonia
89
Pneumonia
(a)
Lobar
(b)
Unclassifed
90
Pleurisy (empyema)
91
(a)
1588
94
97
Asthma
Pulmonary congestion
Hypostatic and oedematous
congestion
Emphysema (lungs)
Other affections of lungs
41
5,710
1,114
228
39
1
5
1
65
1
Affections of mouth
8
(a)
Diseases of teeth and gums
16
(b)
Stomatitis (various forms)
3
(c)
Cancrum oris (gangrenous
(d)
103
stomatitis)
Glossitis
Gastric ulcer
17
1
48
104
Duodenal ulcer
11
105
(a)
Other affections of stomach Gastritis
320
106
Enteritis and diarrhoea (over
one year of age and unde-
fined)
2,120
(a)
Colitis
49
107
Sprue
1
108
Appendicitis
35
109
110
111
(a)
116
(a)
117
(a)
(b)
Intestinal obstruction (un-
specified cause)
Hermia (and their complica-
tions)
Diseases due to internal
parasites
Mematoda
(1) Ankylostomiasis
Cirrhosis of liver (cause
unstated)
Atrophic or portal
Other affections of liver Abscess (undefined) 2. Other (pyaemic)
Hepatitis (undefined)
16
8
97
29 110 111000
5
6
21
118
(a)
(b)
Toxic or infective
119
- M 146
CAUSES OF DEATH,-Contd.
A. Epidemic, Endemic and Infectious Diseases.
Jaundice (not of newly-born;
cause unstated)
Obstructive
Affections of gall-bladder
Persons
~~
1
2
and ducts
(b)
Cholecystitis, etc.
31
120
Diseases of pancreas (except
diabetes)
1
121
Peritonitis (of no stated
cause)
37
123
Nephritis
(a)
Acute
40
(b)
Chronic (Bright's disease)
608
(1) Parenchymatous
1
(2) Interstitial
(3) Unclassified
516
(c)
124
Uraemic (cause not stated)
Other affections of kidneys
25
1
(a)
Pyelitis, etc.
14
(c)
Other (non-tubercular)
2
125
126
Urinary and renal calculus Diseases of bladder
(a)
Cystitis
128
130
(d)
132
138
Diseases of prostate
Diseases of male genital
organs (non-venereal)
Ulcer of penis
Cysts and other non-malignant
tumours of ovaries Accidents of pregnancy and
parturition
120 1200
5
3
| co
3
(a)
Abortion and miscarriage
(natural or induced)
(b)
Ectopic gestation
(c)
Haemorrhage
(1) Ante-partum
(2) Post-partum
(f)
139
fever)
140
Other accidents of parturition.
Puerperal septicaemia (or
Phlegmasia alba dolens
2010-
5
18
(puerperal embolism)
141
Puerperal eclampsia
11
1
19
M 147
CAUSES OF DEATH,-Contd.
A. Epidemic, Endemic and Infectious Diseases.
Persons
143
Other sequelae of labour
11
145
Gangrene
(e)
Other or known cause
1
146
Carbuncle or boil
147
Abscess (cause not stated)
(a)
Whitlow
3
(b)
Cellulitis (excluding erysipelas).
97
148
Ulceration of skin
(c)
Varicose and trophic ulcers
(d)
Other non-specific ulcers
42
4
150
Parasitic skin diseases
(e)
152
153
154
155
30 300 300€
(a)
(b)
Other parasitic skin diseases Other skin diseases (primary)...... Diseases of bones
Osteomyelitis (cause unknown). Other diseases of bones
5
1
2
7
(a)
Diseases of joints (non-specific)| Arthritis
(b)
Synovitis
(c)
Other diseases of joints
IT GD
1
1
3
Congenital malformations
(a)
Hydrocephalus
(b)
Spina bifida
(c)
Imperforate anus
2-2
1
(d)
Malformations of genitalia
(under 2 years)
1
Congenital atelectasis
77
(g)
Other malformations
3.9
156
Injuries at birth
157
흐흐
(a)
Haemorrhages
4
Umbilical affections
1
(a)
Tetanus neonatorum
49
159
Icterus neonatorum (non-
specific)
261
160
Prematurity
361
161
Nutritional diseases
(a)
Marasmus and atrophy (con-
genital debility)
522
(b)
General malnutrition and
starvation
440
(d)
Spasmophilia and convulsions
(cause not stated)
71
162
163
170
171
M 148
CAUSES OF DEATH,-Contd.
A. Epidemic, Endemic and Infectious Diseases.
Infantile enteritis or diarrhoea (undefined; under 1 year and
Persons
including gastro-enteritis and ileo-enteritis)
2,365
specified)
Intussusception
Senility (other diseases not
Affections produced by vio-
lence and
6
1,043
other external
causes
(a)
Suicides
Suicides by poisoning-
(1) Internal poisoning
18
(2) Corrosive poisoning
19
(b)
Suicides by asphyxiation--
(1) Hanging or strangulation.
36
(2) Drowning
11
(c)
Suicide by firearms
2
(d)
Suicide by instruments (cut-
ting or stabbing)
6
(e)
Suicide by jumping from a
height
11
174
Burns (accidental)
(a)
By fire
10
(b)
Other than by fire
19
175
Asphyxia (accidental)
1
(a)
Suffocation and strangulation.
8
(b)
Drowning
366
176
177
Gas poisoning (accidental)
Wounds and injuries
(accidental)
(a)
By firearms (not on active
service)
7
(c)
By falls
25
(d)
By machinery (other than
vehicles)
26
(e)
By crushing (vehicles, railway
accidents, etc.)
111
(f)
By explosions
36
(g)
(h)
Multiple wounds (mixed or
By animals (bites, kicks, etc.)
undefined causes)
1
117
(i)
Other wounds or injuries
2
M-149
CAUSES OF DEATH,-Contd.
A. Epidemic, Endemic and Infectious Diseases.
Persons
179
180
(a)
181
(b)
182
(a)
Executions of civilians in the
course of law (hanging, etc.). Effects of exposure
To cold
To light rays (sun stroke)
Effects of electricity
Electric shock
Homicide
By firearms
2
2
1
6
2
4
(b)
By cutting or stabbing instru-
ments
7
(c)
By asphyxia (strangulation,
etc.)
1
(e)
188
189
190
191
Homicide by other means Debility, asthenia, exhaustion,
etc. (cause unspecified)
Shock (cause unspecified) Pyrexia of unknown origin Ascites, dropsy, etc. (cause
unspecified)
1
59
6
192
Other ill-defined diseases
2,320
Undiagnosed (body too decom-
posed or mutilated)
396
Total
* 34,635
* Eleven deaths among the Forces of the Crown are not
included in this table.
M 150
Table LXXIX.
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM CHOLERA-1937.
Percentage of deaths
Age group.
Total.
from cholera at different age periods.
Under 1 year
0.56
1
5 years
62
5.73
5
M
15 years
75
6.93
15
30 years
137
12.66
30
60 years
668
61.74
Over 60 years
132
.12.20
Unknown age
2
0.18
1,082
Table LXXX.
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM TUBERCULOSIS-ALL FORMS, 1937.
Percentage of deaths
Age group.
Total.
from tuberculosis at
different age periods.
Under 1 year
149
3.70
1
5 years
612
15.19
5
―.com
15 years
250
6.20
15
30 years
1,197
29.71
__
30 60 years
1,667
41.38
Over 60 years
153
3.82
4,028
Note:-Males and females cannot be shown in the above table as the weekly mortality returns from which the above was tabulated do not record deaths according to sexes.
P. S. SELWYN-CLARKE,
Registrar General of Births & Deaths.
:
M 151
Appendix D.
PUBLIC MORTUARIES.
A complete description has been given in previous Reports of the two pubac mortuaries in Victoria (Hong Kong Island) and in Kowloon on the main.and; consequently, on this occasion information will be restricted to the actual work performed. Although these mortuaries serve as a valuable index of the gross mortality prevailing in the Colony at any given period, their staffing is so inadequate that little accuracy can be claimed for the actual cause of death-a matter of real regret, since Health policy must obviously be based, to some extent at any rate, on the causes of death amongst the population.
The following table affords some idea of the magnitude of the work encountered at the two public mortuaries. In all but sixty-seven cases the bodies were of Chinese.
Table LXXXI.
Victoria.
Kowloon.
Total.
Post-mortems performed--
Male
2,207
2,602
4,809
Female
1,886
2,016
3,85%
- Undefined
8
12
26
Total
4,051
4,630
8,681
Age and sex of deceased under
two years-
Male
1,392
1,682
3,074
Female
1,528
1,579
3,107
Undefined
12
16
Over two years—
Male
815
920
1,735
Female
308
437
745
Undefined
4
Area from which bodies were
received-
Victoria
3,481
Shaukiwan
484
Other parts of Island
86
Kowloon
4,158
Harbour
380
Other parts of mainland
92
Claimed bodies sent from hosp-
itals, etc.
224
162
386
Unclaimed bodies, mostly
abandoned
2,143
4,468
6,611
Bodies of infants sent from
Italian Convent
1,684
1,684
Further details giving the cause of death as nearly as it
could be ascertained are given in Table LXXXII.
M. 152
Table LXXXII.
VICTORIA AND KOWLOON MORTUARIES, RETURN OF CAUSES OF DEATH FOR THE YEAR 1987.
Yearly total.
Causes of death.
Male.
Female.
I-Infectious and Parasitic
Diseases-
Typhoid fever
ст
Smallpox:-
Variola major
28
43
Measles
2
5
Diphtheria
11
10
Influenza
1
Cholera
194
110
Dysentery: --
(a) Amoebic
(b) Bacillary
ཁག
23
(c) Other or unspecified
Acute poliomyelitis
1
Cerebro-spinal meningitis (epide-
mic)
12
Tuberculosis of the respiratory
system
301
159
Tuberculosis of the central ner-
vous system
4
Tuberculosis of intestines and
peritoneum
7
10
Tuberculosis of other organs
4
Disseminated tuberculosis
74
Leprosy
2
Syphilis :--
Congenital
6
Tertiary
15
Malaria
31
9
Sub-tertian
11
Cachexia
1
Total carried forward.
741
453
CONTENTS.
1. Report of the Chairman, Urban Council: —
Changes in Departmental Staff
Revenue and Expenditure
J
Refuse Collection and Refuse Removal
Nightsoil Removal
Disinfection at Disinfecting Stations
Dead Boxes
Public Bath-Houses
Cemeteries, Mortuaries, Crematoria
Undertakers
:
:
:
:
Work done under the Public Health (Sanitation)
and Buildings Ordinances
Work done under the Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordinance and Section 4 of the Public Health (Food) Ordinance
Page.
...
1
2
2
ស
3
Legislation
Annexe
2. Annexe by the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon :·
Staff
General Statistics
Lard Factories
Crematorium
Grass
Quarantine
Infectious Disease in Quarantine Infectious Disease in the Colony Live Stock in the Colony
:
:
:
:
6
9
10
10
10
10
11
12
12
12
13
CONTENTS.-Continued.
3. Tables (H. S. D.'s Report):
I
""
Comparative Statement of Expenditure,
Page
1936 and 1937
14
II
""
Comparative Statement of Revenue, 1936
and 1937
16
III
Comparative Statement of Expenditure
and Revenue for last ten years
17
IV
Cost of Refuse Collection and Removal...
18
V
Disinfection at Disinfecting Stations
19
VI
Attendance at Public Bath-houses
20
""
VII
(i) Interments, Cremations, Mortuaries
and Removals
21
VII
(ii) Exhumation
223
VIII
""
Number of Nuisances Reported and
Action taken, 1937
23
IX
Classification of Nuisances Reported,
1937
24
X
ΧΙ
XII
XII
Return Showing the Distribution of
Buildings in Various Health Districts 27
House Cleansing Return ...
28
(i) Table Showing Number of Chinese
Houses and Floors, Victoria; 1937... 29
(ii) Table Showing Number of Chinese
Houses and Floors, Kowloon, 1937... 30
Limewashing, 1937
XIII
31
XIV
Premises Licensed or Admitted
to
Registration
32
XV
""
Slaughterhouses, Cattle, Swine, Sheep & Goats admitted during 1936 & 1937
33
Appendix M (1)
REPORT OF THE CHAIRMAN, URBAN COUNCIL.
1.-CHANGES IN DEPARTMENTAL STAFF.
Senior Officers:
The Administrative Assistant, Sanitary Department.. 1st January to 15th February Mr. K. M. A. Barnett. 2nd September to 31st December Mr. P. C. M. Sedgwick.
The Health Officer, Hong Kong (East).
1st January to 6th October
27th October to 31st December
}
Dr. G. W. Pope.
7th to 26th October
Dr. R. C. Jones.
The Health Officer, Hong Kong (West).
1st January to 19th February 25th Nov. to 31st December
20th February to 3rd November 4th to 24th November
}
Dr. J. M. Gray.
The Health Officer, Kowloon.
1st January to 26th June
Dr. R. C. Jones. Dr. G. W. Pope.
26th July to 24th November
}
Dr. K. C. Yeo.
27th June to 25th July
Dr. T. W. Ware.
25th November to 31st December Dr. R. C. Jones.
The Secretary, Urban Council,
1st January to 28th May
29th May to 14th December
15th to 31st December
Inspectors :-
2 Chief Inspectors.
5 Senior Inspectors.
Establishment.
46 European Inspectors.
12 Asiatic Inspectors.
Mr. C. J. Roe.
Mr. W. G. Harrison.
Mr. J. Watson.
M (1) 2
2.-REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
Table I is a comparative statement of the Department's expenditure for the years 1936 and 1937.
Table II shows under the various heads the revenue collected by the Department during 1937 as compared with 1936; and also the revenue paid into the Treasury in respect of contracts.
Table III gives a comparative statement of revenue and expenditure for the last ten years.
3. REFUSE COLLECTION AND REFUSE REMOVAL.
Equipment. The Department has at its disposal for refuse collection and removal 23 motor lorries (of which 15 are employed in Hong Kong and 8 in Kowloon), 2 towing tugs, 1 steam lighter, 9 deep draft and 7 light draft lighters and 3 sailing junks.
During the year one six-wheeler Morris refuse lorry was replaced by a new one,
Collection. There were collected and delivered to Depots:--
(i) from City of Victoria, including Hill
District and outlying residences
(all of which was collected by motor lorries, except 513 tons at Aberdeen and 3,728 tons at Shaukiwan, which were collected by handcarts).
(ii) from Kowloon including Kowloon Tong
and Kowloon City
(all of which was collected by motor lorries except 1,228 tons at Ma Tau Kok, which were collected by handcarts). (iii) collected in rural districts (Pokfulam Village, Telegraph Bay, Aplichau and Shek O) and burnt in incinerators...... (iv) delivered to the Digester
Total
(or 304.9 tons per day).
68,553.5 tons
40,714.0 tons
1,076.0 tons
960.0 tons
.111,303.5 tons
Removal.-176,617 tons (or 483.9 tons per day) were received at the Depots. The difference between this figure and the figure shown as collected is due to the fact that a large quantity of refuse is taken to the Depots by private firms and individuals.
During the year all refuse was taken to the Kun Tong Reclamation.
Cost. The cost of refuse collection and removal is shown in Table IV.
M (1) 3-
4.-NIGHTSOIL REMOVAL.
The contractors for the removal of nightsoil from Shaukiwan, Aberdeen, Pokfulam, Aplichau, Stanley and Taitam respectively carried out their work satisfactorily.
During the year nightsoil from Victoria and Kowloon was removed by the Department to Kwai Chung Bay and sold to a contractor for disposal outside the Colony.
5.-DISINFECTION AT DISINFECTING STATIONS.
Table V shows the number of articles and vehicles disinfected during the year 1937. The figures for 1936 are given for comparison.
6.-DEAD BOXES.
Dead boxes are obtainable at any hour of the day or night at the two Disinfecting Stations.
7.-PUBLIC BATH-HOUSES.
Table VI shows the number of men, women and children who used the Bath-houses during the year.
8. CEMETERIES, MORTUARIES, CREMATORIA.
Table VII (i) shows the number of interments at the various cemeteries during the year 1937 and gives particulars of cremations, bodies deposited in the Tung Wah Hospital Mortuary, and removals from the Colony before burial.
Details of the number of exhumations carried out by the Department will be found in Table VII (ii) together with the number carried out by relatives of deceased persons.
9.-UNDERTAKERS.
One undertaker's licence was issued and three cancelled during the year making a total of fifty-two on the register on 31st December, 1937.
10.-WORK DONE UNDER THE PUBLIC HEALTH (SANITATION) AND BUILDINGS ORDINANCES.
(1) Sanitary Nuisances and Contraventions of Sanitary by-laws:-
Table VIII shows the total number of nuisances reported and the action taken to obtain compliance. Of the total number of nuisances reported in which action was taken almost 66% were abated after receipt of a letter. In 403 cases a legal notice failed to produce compliance.
M (1) 4-
(ii) Table IX shows the nuisances in respect of which action has been taken.
(iii) Building Nuisances.-Under the Buildings Ordinance, 1,344 nuisances were reported by the Department to the Building Authority for action. These are additional to those referred to in paragraph (i) above.
(iv) Table X shows the distribution of buildings in the various Health Districts.
(v) Miscellaneous Improvements.-Table X shows the num- ber of houses demolished and erected. The great majority of these are tenement houses.
(vi) Housing.-Table X shows the number of tenement houses in the several districts erected in conformity with the requirements of the Buildings Ordinance.
(vii) House Cleansing.-The routine work under the by-laws for Domestic Cleanliness and Prevention of Disease was carried out during the year. Table XI shows the number of floors cleansed in the various districts as compared with the last two years.
(viii) House cleansing was carried on continuously on five mornings a week throughout the year by the staff. The privilege of permitting certain occupants of premises to carry out house cleansing at their own convenience was continued and further extended during the year. The terms and conditions under which this concession was granted were generally complied with.
(ix) Limewashing. The usual limewashing required by the Domestic Cleanliness and Prevention of Disease By-laws was carried out during the year. Table XIII shows the number of floors limewashed. The difference between this total and the total in Table XII is due partly to exemptions, some floors being new and not requiring limewashing. A certain number has also been carried over into 1938.
Departmental limewashing at the request of owner and where necessary under By-law 5 was carried out throughout the year! No complaints as to the quality of the work done or of injury to property were received.
(x) Prevention of Mosquito Breeding.-During the year action was taken in 4,153 cases of mosquito nuisance or potential mosquito nuisance.
(xi) Licensed Premises.-852 premises were inspected by officers of the department with a view to the issue of new licences. Routine inspections of four thousand one hundred and eight licensed premises were made throughout the year.
M (1) 5-
(xii) Rat Catching.-Twenty-five members of the cleansing staff were employed during the year setting traps, birdlime boards and rat poison, also collecting rats from street rat-bins, private premises, etc., and taking them to the Public Mortuary: for examination. The total number of rats caught was:
Hong Kong
Kowloon
109,560.
112,092.
Of these none was found to be plague infected.
11.-WORK DONE UNDER THE ADULTERATED FOOD AND DRUGS ORDINANCE AND SECTION 4 OF THE PUBLIC
HEALTH (FOOD) ORDINANCE.
(i) Samples of fresh milk were submitted for analysis under Section 10 of the Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordinance, of which 136 were found to pass the standard and 9 to be below standard.
Prosecution was successfully undertaken in 6 cases where the samples failed to satisfy the legal requirements.
In addition the following samples of Food and Drugs were taken :-
Boracic Ointment 4, Butter 38, Castor Oil 4, Cheese 37, Coffee 8, Epsom Salts 5, Glauber Salts 5, Glycerine 4, Lard 16, Paraffin 4, Seidlitz Powder 4, Tea 39, Un- sweetened Milk (Tinned) 22 and Water 1.
(i) The following foodstuffs were seized and destroyed under Section 4 of the Public Health (Food) Ordinance:
Meat 919 lbs., Condiments 1,350 lbs., Fruit! 15,957 lbs., Milk 89 lbs., Molasses 500 lbs., Fish 20 lbs., Vegetables 106,791 lbs., Confectionery 16,125 lbs., Tea 43,000 lbs., Eggs 100 lbs. and Flour 22,280 lbs:
The following foodstuffs were voluntarily surrendered and destroyed:-
Fruit 1,445 lbs., Vegetables 266 lbs., Meat 3,350 lbs., Confectionery 491 lbs., Coffee 300 lbs., Cheese 18 lbs., Fish 4,285 lbs., Cocoa 43 lbs., Jam 6 lbs., Condiments 252 lbs., Sausages 108 lbs. and Syrup 19 lbs.
- M (1) 6-
12.-URBAN COUNCIL.
(i) The following were members of the Urban Council during the year:
The Chairman (Mr. R. R. Todd).
The Director of Medical Services.
The Secretary for Chinese Affairs.
The Director of Public Works.
The Inspector General of Police.
Mr. F. C. Hall. (Mr. C. Champkin acted from 14th May to 31st December during the absence on leave of Mr. Hall).
Dr. R. A. de Castro Basto. (Re-elected on 13th January).
Mr. L. C. F. Bellamy.
Hon. Dr. Li Shu Fan. (Resigned on 15th June).
Mr. A. el Arculli.
Dr. S. N. Chau.
Mr. W. N. Thomas Tam.
Mr. B. Wong Tape.
Mr. Tang Shiu-kin, M. B. E. (Appointed by His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government on 15th June).
LEGISLATION.
(ii) The following amendments to by-laws were made by the Council:-
A. The by-laws under the heading "Food Shops" set forth in the Schedule to the Public Health (Food) Ordinance. 1935, were amended:
(1) by the amendment of by-law 1 with the object of
defining "Public Market".
(2) by the introduction of a new by-law 1A giving the Council power to license all Food Shops in the whole of the Urban District.
M (1) 7-
(3) by the amendment of by-law 2 with the object of defining the licence fees payable in out-lying districts.
The amendments were made by the Council on 16th February and approved by the Legislative Council on 10th March.
B. By-law 2 (1) under the heading "Conservancy" con- tained in Schedule A to the Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance, 1935, was amended with the object of defin- ing more clearly the area within which the Conservancy By-laws apply. The amendment was made by the Council on 17th August and approved by the Legislative Council on 22nd September.
C. By-law 3 under the heading "Scavenging" contained
in Schedule A to the Public
Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance, 1935, was amended with the object of de- fining more clearly the area within which the Scavenging By-laws apply. The amendment was made by the Council on 9th November and approved by the Legislative Council on 15th December.
D. The by-laws under the heading "C. Licensed (stall- holders) hawkers" set forth in the Schedule to the Hawkers Ordinance, 1935, were amended:
(1) by the amendment of by-law 2 with the object of requiring that no materials other than wood and metal be used for the roof of the stall.
(2) by the introduction of a new by-law 13 with the object of requiring every licensed stallholder hawker to keep his stall at all times in a clean and sanitary condition.
The amendments were made by the Council on 5th January and approved by the Legislative Council on 3rd February.
(iii) Markets.—The following new markets were opened during the year:-
Wanchai New Market.
Kennedy Town Wholesale Market.
Stanley Market.
The following markets were closed during the year:-
Wanchai Old Market.
Central Market.
M (1) 8-
(iv) Public Latrines and Conveniences.-During the year public conveniences were completed and demolished as follows:
Completed. Demolished.
Hong Kong
Kowloon
Total.......
2
1
2
(v) Bath-houses.-No new bath-house was opened during the year.
(vi) Cemeteries.-(a) The following cemetery was authorised by the Governor-in-Council (but not opened) during the year:-
Hammer Hill Urn Cemetery.
(b) No cemetery was closed during the
year.
The nuinber of burials (including cremations, etc.) during the year 1987 greatly exceeded the numbers in previous years. The following shows the numbers of burials during the ten years 1928 to 1937 ;
1928
15,784.
1929
17,177.
1930
16,482.
1931
18,742.
1932
20,300.
1933
18,238.
1934
18,682.
1935
20,648.
1936
23,874.
1937
31,503.
The great increase in the number of burials for 1937 as compared with 1936 may be partly attributed to the deaths caused by the epidemic of cholera which lasted from July to November (over a thousand deaths) and by the typhoon of September 2nd, but the large increase in population due to the Sino-Japanese hostilities was undoubtedly the main factor.
:
M (1) 9-
(vii) Premises Licensed or Admitted to Registration.-Table XIV shows the number of premises licensed or admitted to registration by the Urban Council.
(viii) Hawkers Licences.-The number of licences of each class issued or renewed up to 30th September, 1937, was as follows:
Hawker (Stallholder's) Licences
(Steamship)
(Native Craft) (Itinerant)
22
(Newspaper)
,,
1,507
155
2
185
10,913
22
45İ
13,211
Total
13. ANNEXE.
A report by the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon is shewn as
an annexe.
7th March, 1938.
R. R. Todd,
Chairman, Urban Council.
-M (1) 10
ANNEXE BY THE COLONIAL VETERINARY SURGEON.
STAFF.
1. Acting Senior Inspector Strange was relieved at Kennedy Town Slaughter House by Acting Senior Inspector Eccleshall on January 6. On December 21 Senior Inspector Old took over from Acting Senior Inspector Eccleshall.
GENERAL STATISTICS.
2. There was a slight decrease in the number of animals slaughtered:
3. The number of animals admitted to Kennedy Town and Ma Tau Kok Slaughter Houses is shown in Table XV.
4. The revenue derived from Slaughter Houses was $242,302.94.
LARD FACTORIES.
5. The following goods were manufactured and exported to the Philippine Islands, United Kingdom, etc.:-
Lard
Cracklings
Skins
10,921,622.00 lbs.
1,082,565.00
968,714.00
196,239.75
Sausages and dried meat
6. Raw material received into Lard Factories:
Raw Fat
Lean Meat
CREMATORIUM.
15,640,588.00 lbs.
253,490.00
7. The following were destroyed, for which no charges were
made:-
15,154 lbs. of diseased meat (condemned carcases, etc.).
92 tons Hospital refuse and 518 animals.
Fuel used in Crematorium for 1937: -
67 tons of coal.
34 gallons of kerosene emulsion.
8.
Cattle.
- M (1) 11 -
DISEASE IN DEPOTS.
Swine.
Tuberculosis
3 cases Erysipelas
...60 cases
Anaplasmosis
2
Swine Fever
.23
73
Septicaemia
Abscesses
.11
Haemorrhagica
8
Injuries
.24
"
Oedema
6
19
Jaundice
4
39
Navel Ill
1 case
Injuries
11 cases
Fevered
Septic Metritis
2
Uraemia
3
""
Foot and Mouth .......36
Pneumonia
Tuberculosis
Emaciation
1 case
3 cases
6
J
132 cases
Fevered
4
4
Jaundice
1 case
Carcinoma
1
82 cases
Sheep and Goats.
Caseous
Lymphadenitis
Injuries (goats)
Injuries (sheep). Emaciation
Septicaemia
7 cases
1 case
1
1
1
??
""
"J
11 cases
GRASS.
9. The total amount of Guinea Grass cut on the cultivated
hillside at Kennedy Town was 464 piculs,
M (1) 12 -
QUARANTINE.
10. The numbers of animals examined and passed through quarantine during the year were as follows:-
Horses
Cattle
230
180
265
Dogs
11. The above does not include animals imported for slaughter or consigned to the Military Authorities.
13. Imported horses and mules unless accompanied by a satisfactory "Mallein Certificate" are detained until they have passed the "Mallein Test".
13. Other animals are quarantined for varying periods according to their place of origin.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE IN QUARANTINE,
11. Glanders
INFECTIOUS DISEASE IN THE COLONY.
3 cases.
15. Rabies:
During the year 301 dogs and 10 cats were placed under observation on account of being suspected of being rabid. They were disposed of as follows:
Returned to owner
Dogs. Cats.
Died
Destroyed
Sent to S.P.C.A. Dog's Home
Remaining under observation
239
17
41
1
1
4
2
Two cases of Rabies occurred in the New Territories in the
summer.
16. Twenty-nine animal brains were examined by the Government Bacteriologist for evidence of Rabies, with two positive results.
17. Anthrax:
2 cases.
M (1) 13
LIVE STOCK IN THE COLONY.
-
18. The following numbers of Live Stock were in the Districts under the supervision of Sanitary Inspectors on 31st December, 1937: --
Horses
Cows
Goats
In the New Territories:
353
2,038
137
Horses
Cows
Goats
200
1,000
200
19. The above figures do not include animals kept by the Military Authorities or animals for slaughter in Government Depots. No figures are given for work or store cattle as these fluctuate greatly and would be misleading.
20. No figures are given for swine owing to the difficulty of obtaining a record of sufficient accuracy to be of any value.
18th February, 1938.
W. J. E. MACKENZIE, Colonial Veterinary Surgeon.
- M. (1) 14
Table I.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1936 AND 1937.
1936.
1937.
$ 786,858.86 $ 842.494.91
Personal Emoluments (1)
Other Charges.
Advertisements
772.28
754.51
Ambulances, Coffins, Dead Vans,
and Dead Boxes.
171.50
Bath-houses, Fuel, Light, etc.
1,771.06
1,747.98
Bathing Places, Care and Control of.
1,659.49
Burial of Infected Bodies
148.00
1,729.60
Coal for Official Quarters
1,319.83
1,232.36
Coffins and Biers
Conservancy
3,512.27
21,891.29
21,601.70
Conveyance Allowances
0.978.50
10,293.44
Crematorium, running expenses
Disinfectants
6,320.72
8,872.97
Disinfecting and Cleansing Stores..
1,812.61
908.64
Disinfectors, Operating expenses of.
516.27
620.24
Dust and Water Carts, Upkeep of...
20.20
22.68
Exhumation, Recurrent
5,456.40
3,204.59
Expenses of Inspectors in obtaining
Royal Sanitary Institute
Cer-
tificates
230.40
3,944.40
Fuel for Blacksmith's Forges
102.00
80.15
General Cleansing, Chinese New
Year
654.80
659.50
Head Stones
2,182.99
2,194.59
Incidental Expenses
2,286.58
1.636.38
Latrine Pails
495.70
Light and Electric Fans
13,381.47
17,039.91
Motor Lorries, Vans & Cars, Run-
ning Expenses
29,998.73
28,986.74
Nightsoil Receptacles
579.96
Paint. Turpentine, &c.
339.21
132.99
Rat Poison, Rat Traps, &c.
1,507.31
1,554.97
Carried forward
$ 888,310.97 $955,380.71
(1) Includes officers of Cadets, S.C. & A.S. & J.C. Service".
-M (1) 15 -
1936.
1937.
.$ 888,310.97 $955,380.71
Brought forward
Rent of Public Telephones
420.50
Rent of Quarters for Inspectors &
Sanitary Offices
2,130.00
2,220.00
Rent of Quarters for Scavenging
Coolies
2,851.00
2,744.00
Scavenging Villages
48.00
48.00
Scavenging Gear
7,399.10
7,333.18
Transport
1,206.04
1,036.96
Uniforms for Staff
8,449.99
8,779.15
Workshop Apparatus
87.29
94.06
Training of Probationary Asiatic
Inspectors
1,008.00
Animal Depots and Slaughter
Houses, Ammunition
777.11
1,521.30
Animal Depots and Slaughter
Houses, Fuel
2,660.00
3,199.64
Animal Depots and Slaughter
Houses, Incidental Expenses
1,802.70
1,828.80
Animal Depots and Slaughter
Houses, Light
750.22
934.06
Animal Depots and Slaughter
Houses, Motor Meat
Vans :
10,619.88
12,660.18
:
622.79
989.65
Running Expenses.
Cattle Crematorium and Refuse
Destructor
Total Personal Emoluments
and Other Charges
Special Expenditure.
Pier at Aplichau Island Anti-Gas Equipment
$ 928,723.09 $ 999,190.19
200.00 $
538.49
1 Tapley Brake Meter
90.00
2 Refuse Lorries (Replacements)..........
9,710.67
1 Embossing Press
176.19
Total Special Expenditure....... $ 466.19 $
Total Sanitary Department...... 929,189.28
10,249.16
1,009,439.35⚫
M (1) 16
Table II.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1936 AND 1937.
1936.
1937.
Motor Spirit
1,698.30 $
1,585.20
Chinese Undertakers
1.350.00
1,375.00
Hawkers
83,131.75
70,933.75
Special Food
18,323.77
19,460.53
Fines
5.00
Forfeitures
10.44
45.91
Ambulance and Cremation
655.00
870.00
Chinese Cemeteries
5,302.50
12,339.50
Official Certificates
11,942.50
13,270.50
Official Signatures
1,575.00
1,995.00
Scavenging
4,225.46
4,348.80
Slaughter House, Kennedy Town...
114,606.60
125,914.70
Slaughter House, Ma Tau Kok
Use of Motor Vans
52,314.00
55,615.00
28,716.30
27,915.50
Lands Not Leased
220.00
220.00
Laundries
3,000.00
5,200.00
Markets
388,872.90
385,782.60
Condemned Stores, &c.
577.26
140.60
Conservancy Contracts.
2,086.53
889.00
Overpayments in Previous Years
413.57
669.37
Other Miscellaneous Receipts
3,732.45
2,930.41
Total
.$ 722,559.31 $ 751,501.37
REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS.
1936.
1937.
Conservancy Contract, Shaukiwan..$ Blood and Hair, Kennedy Town..... Blood and Hair, Ma Tau Kok Siaughtering Contract, Sai Wan Ho.
3,300.00 $
3,300.00
4,860.00
9,086.00
3,144.00
5,340.00
2,820.00
2,892.00
Slaughtering Contract, Aberdeen.... Purchase of Nightsoil
1,260.00
1,212.00
14,
782.80
19,450.20
Total
$ 30,166.80 $ 41,280.20
-M (1) 17
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE FOR
LAST TEN YEARS,
Personal * Emoluments
Year.
and Other
Special Expenditure. Expenditure.
Total
Total Revenue.
Charges.
1928
¿
648,223.33
11,304.61
659,527.94
422,958.55
1929
661,629.77
125,590.94
787,220.71
469,617.92
1930
848,828.00
131,773.38
980,601.38
496,999.42
1931
969,722.11
11,593.65
981,315.76
523,071.43
1932
954,075.66
14,971.27
969,046.93
553,760,29
1933
1,008,962.11
15,612.25
1,024,574.36
551,239.13
1934
972,677.91
79,119.22
1,051,797.13
570,941.53
1935
870,909.29
49,953.03
920,862.32
609,075.52
1936
928,723.09
466.19
929,189.28
722,559.31
1937
999,190.19
10,249.16
1,009,439.35
731,501.37
* Includes officers of Cadet, S.C. and A.S., and J.C. Service
attached to department.
Table IV.
COST OF REFUSE COLLECTION AND REMOVAL.
1937.
1936.
Tons.
Cost.
Cost per
ton.
Tons.
Cost.
Cost per
ton.
M (1) 18
$
C.
C.
Collection:
Hong Kong
75,703.9
158,900.27.63
2. 09.9
70,589.5 164,190.79.60
2.32.6
Kowloon
41,902.0
80,934.10.32
1. 93.1
40,714.0 85,100.86.50
2.09.2
Total
117,605.9
239,834,37.95
2. 03.9
111,303.5 249,291.66.10
2.24.0
Removal:
Hong Kong
Kowloon
101,465.0
69,255.0
57,757.83.00 0. 56.9 35,710.62.CO 0. 51.6
105,748.75 57,957.12.00 70,868.75 35,338.45.00
.54.8
.49.9
Total
170,720.0
93,468.45.00
0. 54.7
176,617,50 93,295.57.00
.52.8
Total Collection and Removal.
170,720.0
333,302.82.95
1. 95.2
176,617.50 342,587.23.10
1.94.0
Table Y.
DISINFECTION AT DISINFECTING STATIONS
- M (1) 19
1936.
1937.
?
Hong Kong Kowloon Disinfect-Disinfect-
Eastern Western District District
Eastern Western
Hong Kong Kowloon
District
District
Office.
Office.
Disinfect Disinfect-
Office.
Office.
ing
Station.
ing
Station.
Portable Sack Disinfectors.
ing
Station.
ing
Station.
Portable Sack
Disinfectors.
Number of Articles disinfected
22,079
14,573
956
390
26,691
18,956
*962
*2,583
*21
*2,352
Number of Public
Vehicles disinfected...
84
761
581
Number of Days Dis-
infecting Apparatus
in use
68
93
48
17
125
115
*45
*77
*3
*45
Number of Articles
washed after dis-
infecting
3.0
190
*Portable Sack Disinfector.
Table VI.
ATTENDANCE AT PUBLIC BATH-HOUSES.
1937.
1936.
Men
Women
Children
Men
Women
Children
Wanchai Cross Lane Bath-house
90,897
57,425
40,503
92,107
58,065
43,007
Second Street Bath-house
150,720
87,623
82,074
128,344
64,882
60,715
Found Lane Bath-house
102,677
81,449
24,580
122,467
37,561
32,556
M (1) 20
Hennessy Road Bath-house
80,746
54,635
38,609
85,476
58,756
36,064
1
Pakhoi Street Bath-house
127,330
21,758
50,249
117,034
21,747
48,534
Boundary Street Bath-house
91,120
59,333
57,219
114,195
77,255
74,439
Dyer Avenue Bath-house ......
71,151
10,227
38,780
71,372
9,300
33,608
:
Sai Kung Road Bath-house
· 38,506
.10,029
14,370
38,535.
7,325
10,714
M (1) 21
MO
Table VII (i).
INTERMENTS.
The following table shows the number of interments at the various cemeteries during the year, 1937.
Public.
Private
No. 7 (Hammer Hill). 9,677
Colonial
Mt. Caroline
Kai Lung Wan East
Kai Lung Wan, Chiu
Chow
Chai Wan
Chai Wan, Christian Shum Wan New Stanley
Shek O
New Kowloon Cemetery No. 4 (Sai Yu Shek). Kowloon Cemetery No.
2 (Ho Man Tin) Kowloon Cemetery No.
3 (Mohammedan) New Kowloon Cemetery No. 3, (Cheung Sha Wan)
New Kowloon Cemetery
70 Roman Catholic, Happy 611 Valley
2,372 Mohammedan,
Valley
87 Jewish, Happy Valley...
952 Parsee,
;;
21 Hindoo,
260 Chinese Roman Catholic,
Eurasian (Ho Tung) ....
New Kowloon Cemetery
No. 2
171
Happy
64
5
1
1
63
Sokonpo
1,912
4
Tung Wah Hospital, Kai
Lung Wan
9,070
Tung Wah Hospital,
Chai Wan
1,121
3,395 Chinese Permanent
166
Chinese Protestant, Mt.
8
Davis
148
New Kowloon Cemetery
No. 1
(Kowloon
572
Christian)
119
6
18,092
12,784
CREMATIONS.
47 bodies were cremated at the Japanese Crematorium, 17 at the Sikh Temple and 14 at the Hindoo Crematorium.
MORTUARIES.
124 bodies were awaiting removal at the Tung Wah Hospital Mortuary in 1937.
REMOVALS.
425 bodies were removed from the Colony before burial.
·M (1) 22 -
Table VII (ii)
EXHUMATIONS.
Cemeteries.
Government!
Private.
Aberdeen
358
58
Chai Wan
150
126
Chai Wan (T.W.H. Extension)
1
Cheung Sha Wan
99
Chinese Permanent
Colonial
Hau Pui Lung
Ho Man Tin
12
2
4
655
Kai Lung Wan East
841
374
Kai Lung Wan, Chiu Chow
31
Kowloon Tong
3
Mount Caroline
719
427
Roman Catholic (Happy Valley)
22
Roman Catholic, Sokonpo
193
New Sai Yu Shek
157
1,067 adult
graves
Tung Wah Hospital
3,092 child
246
remains
New Kowloon Cemetery No. 7 .....
Kowloon Tong Christian
Mount Davis
Chinese Protestant (Mt. Davis)
1
3
2
1
6,277
2,417
M (1) 23
Table VIII.
NUMBER OF NUISANCES REPORTED AND ACTION TAKEN, 1937.
Outstanding (1936)
No. of nuisances reported in 1937
Total
2,145
47,444
49,589
Dealt with as follows:
First letters issued and complied with
31,601
Legal Notices issued and complied with
13,975
Summonses issued and nuisances abated
403
No further action
107
Reported nuisances outstanding
3,503
Total
49,589
نرم
M (1) 24
Table IX.
CLASSIFICATION OF NUISANCES REPORTED, 1937.
1. Illegal cubicles
5,778
2. Defective wastepipes, rain water pipes, eaves gutters,
etc.
5,434
ཉ་
Defective floor surfaces
4,069
4. Defective gratings
3,664
5.
Accumulation of refuse and stagnant water, etc. .....
3,404
6. No dust bins
3,308
7.
Choked wastepipes, rain water pipes, eaves gutters,
etc.
2,230
8. Missing gratings
1,846
9. No hoods to fireplaces and flues
1,609
10. Dirty condition of water closets, urinals and latrines. 1,554
11.
Rat runs filled in
1,313
12.
Obstructions of windows, doors, ventilating open-
ings, etc.
1,207
13. Defective cement rendering to internal wall surfaces
of kitchens
1,133
14. Defective ground surfaces
1,122
15.
Obstructions of yards
1,022
16. Gratings not properly fixed.
824
17. Breeding of mosquitoes
749
18. Defective hoods to fireplaces and flues 19. Illegal height of cubicles
659
486
20.
22.
No water supply to water closets and urinals Keeping of swine, cattle, etc. without licences
Obstructions of verandahıs and balconies
478
444
391
Defective flushing pipes, soil pipes, cisterns, etc. to
water closets
€36
24. No covers to water storage tanks or wells, etc.
25. No cenent rendering to internal wall surfaces of
336
kitchens
334
Carried forward
43,730
M (1) 25
CLASSIFICATION OF NUISANCES, REPORTED, 1937,-Continued.
Brought forward
28. No pails or receptacles to latrines
43,730
330
27. Dirty and defective barrels for storage of drinking
water
275.
284 Use of verandahs for cooking and sleeping purposes,
ete.
247
29. Dirty condition of premises
234
31.
32.
33.
30. Dirty and darkened windows
Obstructions of open spaces
Urine deposits
Defective water closets and urinals
233
218
200
190
34. Illegal shades in yards
190
35: No fly-proof covers to receptacles of latrines
182
36. Use of yards and open spaces for cooking purposes.
164
37.
Accumulation of excreta
133
38.
Use of basements for habitation, as workshops, etc.
29. Discharge of waste water or noxious matters
131
127
40. Maintaining fires in yards, open spaces, etc.
121
41.
Use of latrines, cocklofts, roofs, bridges, etc. as
kitchens
112
42. Illegal wooden partitions
79
43: Illegal latrine and urinal accommodations
69
44.
Use of kitchens for sleeping purposes
58
45. Illegal wooden structure on roofs of kitchens
46
46.
Choked smoke flues
44:
Accumulation of undergrowth
•
36
48. Sullage water outlets not properly connected to
wastepipes
35
49. Choked water closets
35
50. Illegal showcases
34
external air
51-legal bunks and beds in excess
52. Insufficient glazed area to windows opening into
Carried forward
27
24
47,304
•
M (1) 26 -
CLASSIFICATION OF NUISANCES REPORTED,
Brought forward
1937,-Continued.
47,304
53. Use of rooms for sleeping purposes without windows
opening into E.A.
54. Offensive trades (Rag-storing, feather-storing, soap-
boiling, etc.)
55. Bamboo scaffolding with cavities capable of hold-
ing water
56. Illegal covers over cubicles
57. Cesspools in yards
58. No latrine and urinal accommodations
59. Excavations allowing stagnant water
19
17.
14
11
11
60. Tanks, drains, etc. capable of retaining water so as to favour the existence and propagation of mosquitoes.
61. Use of rooms of main floors for cooking purposes
9
8
62.
Use of water closet compartments for sleeping
purposes, as storerooms, etc.
7
63. Laundries without licences
5
64. Overcrowding
5
65. Water closets & urinals constructed without permis-
sion of the B.A.
5
66. Insanitary condition of drains
3
67. Urinals connected to drains, wastepipes, etc. by
means of pipes
2
68.
Black smoke issuing from the chimneys, furnaces,
funnels, etc.
1
69.
Use of urine for watering gardens and flower pots...
1
70.
Defective cement water storage tanks
1
71.
Obstructions of water closet rooms
1
72. Water closets and urinals having been maintained
in breach of the condition of the permission
1
73. Obstructions of roofs
1
Total
47,444
Health Districts.
Table X.
Total Number of
houses in Districts i.e. Buildings erected primarily for domestic
purposes.
1937.
RETURN SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF BUILDINGS IN VARIOUS HEALTH DISTRICTS.
Total No. of
Tenement
Type
Houses.
Total No. of
Factories,
Workshops, Godowns, etc. erected specially for that purpose.
Total No. of
domestic floors including shops used as residences by shopkeeper.
Domestic build- ings & floors newly erected during the year for which occupation certifi cate has been
granted.
Domestic build- ings & floors demolished during the year.
Domestic Non-domestic
Non-domestic buildings erected during the year.
Non-domestic buildings demolished during the year.
Buildings
buildings
reconstructed reconstructed
during the
during the
year.
year.
Houses. Floors. Houses. Floors. Houses. Floors. Houses. Floors.
9
2
2
10
2
Shaukiwan
1,019
853
24
2,595
15
59
1
1,316
1,208
52
3,827
6
17
1
2
lA
906
893
49
3,452
14
56
112
249
1B.
923
877
52
3,099
14
56
2
743
674
16
2,619
2A.
928
836
8
3,408
NOT CO
3
22
6
2
2
1
5
5
16.
4
Peak
288
2
718
2
00
1
3
1,114
700
79
3,338
4
15
4
936
936
39
3,331
::
6
22
855
811
8
2,840
2
6
732
732
61
2,412
6A & 7A.
451
440
13
1,562
7
665
649
1
2,420
$
1,029
1,029
32
3,456
28
915
914
17
3,140
10
908
906
180
3,362
10
40
10A..
740
712
42
2,557
8
Aberdeen
463
327
13
1,063
11
1,184
157
39
4,009
12
1,020
1,018
10
3,513
5
13
956
927
23
3,299
14
56
14
1,012
946
29
3,267
5
20
15
1,175
1,131
31
3,849
12
23
16
1,180
1,180
43
3,694
18
72
17
1,083
1,080
70
3,192
1
17A
1,032
730
7
3,221
9
27
18
922
809
7
2,785
20
69
19
1,093
942
20
3,096
7
HONANNU∞::
12
15
12
4
:: B & G E :
a: ab⠀⠀ ONGE
6
16
4
1
2
11
9
1
1
41
...
2
2
4
10
1
1
6
18
(22
4
5
44
Total
25,588
22,417
967
83,124
160
566
167
428
14
25
Co
4
- M (1) 27
9
2
135
10
M (1) 28
Table XI.
HOUSE CLEANSING RETURN, 1937.
Floors Cleansed.
1935.
1936.
1937.
Eastern District (Shaukiwan,
1, la, 1b, 2 and 2ą)
53,526 50,676 46,804
Central District (3, 4 and 5)...
37,408
36,658 36,122
Western Central District (6,
6a, 7a and 7)
26,077
23,638
24,211
Western District (8, 9, 10
and 10a)
36,322
36,77€ 33,569
Aberdeen and Aplichau
2,714
2,247
1,124
Total
Kowloon Districts (11, 12, 13,
156,047
149,994 141,830
14, 15, 16, 17, 17a, 18 and 19
94,247
83,408 78,883
Nos. 1, 2, 9, 10a, 13, 14, 15, 17, 17a, Shaukiwan and Aber- deen were cleansed twice.
Nos. 1a, 1b, 2a, 6a, 7a, 8, 10, 11, 12, 16, 18 and 19 were cleansed three times.
Nos. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 were cleansed four times.
Health Districts.
1 Storey.
2 Storeys.
3 Storeys.
4 Storeys.
Table XII (i).
TABLE SHOWING NUMBER OF CHINESE HOUSES AND FLOORS, VICTORIA, 1937.
5 Storeys.
6 Storeys.
Shaukiwan
118
230
548
67
963
:
:
:
2,490
2.59
*Aberdeen and
Aplichau
67
125
133
1
326
720.
2.21
116
231
438
415
21
1,221
3,657
3.00
1A.
2
25
90
777
894
3,430
3.84
1B.
18
50
247
529
14
2
860 3,057 3.55
2
4
212
450
8
674
2,484 3.69
2A
46
238
600
10
1
901
3,314 3.68
3
68
298
320
4
9
35
393
424
5
15
116
376
283
57
:
:
:
739
2,575
3.48
936
3,331
3.56
855
2,840
3.32
6
60
28
291
334
71
5
793
2,739
3.45
6A & 7A
12
15
178
239
17
464 1,635
3.52
9
219
385
38
3
9
3
666
2,510
3.77
8
39
451
418
58
:
1,029
3,456
3.36
9
9
100
355
388
62
914
3,136
3.43
10
1
25
318
463
101
908 3,362
3.70
10A.
44
111
271
812
65
803
2,652
3.30
"
Total
534
1,257
5,056
6,405
644
22
24
4 13,946 47,388
3.40
Outlying Villages not included.
7 Storeys.
8 Storeys.
Houses.
M (1) 29
Floors.
Average.
Health Districts.
1 Storey.
2 Storeys.
3 Storeys.
Table XII (ii).
TABLE SHOWING NUMBER OF CHINESE HOUSES AND FLOORS, KOWLOON, 1937.
4 Storeys.
11
321
258
4
12
5
19
520
471
4
44
1
13
11
28
461
458
14
19
50
491
385
15
13
57
628
447
16
22
17
28
63
834
261
59
44
681
357
17 A
6
251
328
*18
5
44
742
76
2
19
17
188
678
92
:
Total
151
499
5,607 3,133
10
1
*
Outlying Villages not included.
:
5 Storeys.
6 Storeys.
7 Storeys.
8 Storeys:
Houses.
Floors.
583
2,015
3.45
1,020
3,513
3.44
958
3,282
3.43
945
3,132
3.81
1,145
3,799
3.32
1,180
3,694 3.13
1,141
3,618
3.17
585
2,077
3.55
869 2,633
3.03
975
2,795
2.86.
9,401 30,558
3.25
Average
M (1) 30
..
M (1) 31
Table XIII.
LIMEWASHING, 1937.
Victoria (Shaukiwan included)
Kowloon,
Floors limewashed by Owners...
38,558
28,437
Floors limewashed by U. C. at
owner's request
60
36
Floors limewashed by U. C.
owing to owners' failure to comply with By-law
281
1721
Total:
38,899
28,6451
Aerated Water Licences
Bakehouse Licences
Cattle Licences
Dairy Licences
Dangerous and Offen-
M (1) 32
Table XIV.
PREMISES LICENSED OR ADMITTED TO REGISTRATION.
TOTAL AS ON 31.12.36.
TOTAL AS ON 31.12.27.
Added.
Struck
off.
Remarks.
H.K. Kowloon. Total.
H.K. Kowloon. Total.
3
102
56
40
ENOVO BRON
2
5
84
186
19
30
86
73
3
1212
24
24
882
99
56
21
엉엉~
82
181
30
30
5885
86
sive Trade Licences:
Battery making
Bone boiling
7
15
7
15
7
91
10
10
7
Bone boiling,
bone
storing and tallow
melting
2
Bone storing
8
8
1∞
2
8
10 00
|
Bone boiling and
storing
1
1
2
1
1
2
Cleansing of sharks'
fins
20
2
22
15
Cleansing and storing
of sharks' fins
17
Chromium plating
3
Fat boiling
15
110
17
14
3
21
15
Fat boiling and gut
scraping
Feather drying
Feather cleansing
22~
221
252
146
5 445
221
| | |
15
14
21
2
2
1
Feather cleaning and
1
sorting
Feather storing
4
4
Feather storing and
cleansing
1
2
1
2
Q
3
Feather sorting and
1
storing
1
1
Feather sorting,
1
1
packing & storing.
1
1
Feather and bone
162
31
21
1
1 172
storing
1
Hair drying
Hair sorting
1
HAH
1
1
1
1
Hair sorting and
1
1
storing
1
1
Hair combing, sorting
1
1
and packing
1
Human hair picking
1
1
1
1
1
and storing
Lard boiling
Lard Factory
Manganese ore
crushing
Oil boiling & resin
melting
Packing of goat
skins, doe skins
and cow hides
Pig Roasting
Rag picking
Rag sorting
Rag sorting
storing
Rag storing
Resin boiling
Soap boiling
and
1
K
1
1
et
112
13
14
1.
11
16
←
6
15
1
14
23
HAI
1
1
7
11
4
15
1725
Storing of sharks'
fins
2
Tannery
Food Factory Licences
61
Food Preserving
Licences
105
116
Food Shop Licences
219
110
Goat Licences
3
Laundry Licences
44
Milk Shop Licences
18
|*8 9288
2
4
4
113
221
329
17
35
79
20
38
Swine Licences
459
449
908
607
Eating House Licences
322
202
574+
Restaurant Licences
105
39
143+
មានគម២១គ ៖
56
74
79
153
39
131
136
68
92
256
1
3
10
61
4
44
107
440
968
100
316
241
33
109
58200
267
348
14
17
38
99
23
67
1,403
557*
40
149*
+ Total as on 1st July, 1936.
* Total as on 1st July, 1937.
Table XV.
SLAUGHTER HOUSES.
CATTLE, SWINE, SHEEP AND GOATS ADMITTED DURING 1936 and 1937.
Kennedy Town
1936.
Ma Tau Kok
Total
1937.
1936.
1937.
.1936.
1937.
Cattle
55,157
56,122
15,006
16,096
70,163
72,218
Swine
287,732
273,630
123,585
116,889
411,317
390,519
Sheep and Goats
21,004
18,502
3
21,007
18,502
Total
363,893
348,254
138,594
132,985
502,487
481,239
M (1) 33
Appendix N.
HONG KONG.
REPORT OF THE BOTANICAL AND FORESTRY
DEPARTMENT FOR THE YEAR 1937.
GENERAL.
During the first half of the year the weather was favourable for general garden and forest operations. The last quarter was characterised by a particularly dry spell which necessitated considerable watering of shrubs and small trees. This dry period, as would be expected, was responsible for several small forest and grass fires.
2. Typhoon signals were hoisted on five occasions during the year.
On September 2nd at 2.10 a.m. a typhoon struck the Colony, doing serious damage to trees and shrubs in gardens and grounds, along roadsides and in the plantations. Details of damage of this nature are given under the respective sections. A wind velocity of 164 miles was recorded by the local Royal Observatory officials.
3. The rainfall for the year, as recorded by the rainguage at the Botanic Gardens, was 79.96 inches in 135 days. This was distributed as follows-January to April inclusive-7.47 inches; May to August inclusive-59.75 inches; September to December inclusive 12.74 inches (which includes September 8.90 inches). In the preceding year the total rainfall was 73.74 inches in 131 days.
GARDENS, PARKS AND GROUNDS.
4. Botanic Gardens.--Typhoon damage was considerable, the plant houses being completely wrecked together with the destruction of much of their contents. In addition, several wire fences, used as supports for climbers, were blown down with disastrous effects to the plants.
N 2
5. The damage to buildings and fences was taken in hand by the Public Works Department. The general clearing up and attention to damaged trees and shrubs was dealt with and was completed by the end of the year.
6. Specimen trees and shrubs totally destroyed are as follows:-Camellia sasanqua Thunb., Albizzia Lebbek Benth., Gleditschia triocanthos L., Lagerstroemia indica L., Rhodoleia Championi Hook., Achras sapota L., Thevetia neriifolia Juss., Machilus salicina Hance, Stenocarpus sinuatus Endl., Aquilaria grandifolia Benth., Quercus bambusaefolia Hance, Pinus Massoniana Lamb., Podocarpus chinensis Wall., Areca Catechu L., Cocos plumosa Hook.,
Hook., Cocos Romanzoffiana Cham., Hyophorbe Verschaffeltii H. Wendl., Ptychosperma sq.
7. Three groups of Japanese Azaleas, kindly presented by Mr. Andrew Tse, were planted on the north slopes of the Gardens. A large group of Rhododendron indicum Sweet (local variety) was planted on a slope on the south side of the Gardens.
8. The total number of trees, shrubs and pot plants sold during the year was 2,948 as against 2,043 for 1936.
9. Government House Garden.-The flower beds
on the north east side of the house were re-sited, in order to provide an eight feet wide grass area, between them and the creepers on the low fence. Some flowering-climbers were utilised for screening purposes on the same side of the house. The garden was kept in good condition throughout the year.
10. The following trees, etc. were completely destroyed during the Typhoon:-3 Archontophoenix Alexandrae H. Wendl.; 2 Cassia fistula L.; 2 Brunfelsia Hopeana Benth.; 1 Delonix regia Rafin.
11. Queen Mary Hospital.-Supervision and administration of the garden area at this hospital was taken over by the department as from 1.4.37. A staff of eight gardeners was installed for the purpose of dealing with planting and general upkeep.
12. Mountain Lodge; Fan Ling Bungalow; Colonial Secretary's Residence; The Eyrie; Homestead Quarters; Government Pavilions and Villas; Victoria Hospital; Cenotaph Plots; Statue Square Plots; Government Offices; Defence Corps Headquarters; West End Park; Civil Hospital; Mental Hospital;
-
N 3
-
Leighton Hill Quarters; Colonial Cemetery; Indian School; Royal Observatory; Central British School; Kowloon Magistracy; Kowloon Hospital; King's Park and Chatham Road. The grounds of all the places mentioned were kept in good order. Stocks of pot plants were maintained where necessary; trees, shrubs, grass lawns and banks, received general attention and additional planting was carried out where necessary.
HERBARIUM AND LIBRARY.
13. During the year 1,282 specimens were sent out on an exchange basis and 682 specimens were received for incorpora- tion into the general herbarium. Exchanges were effected with the Sun Yat Sen University, Canton, and Lingnan University, Canton.
14. The total number of books added to the library was 182, and of periodicals 431. Of this number 11 books were purchased. The Prison Department rebound 11 volumes.
FORESTRY.
15. Formation of Pine Tree Plantations.-The extension of old and the formation of new plantatious both on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon and the New Territories was carried out by sowing in situ and by broadcasting, using seeds of Pinus Massoniana Lamb. Sowings in situ were confined to Hong Kong and totalled 352,758 as against 306,102 for the previous year, an increase of 44,656. Many of the areas dealt with were burnt sections which formerly were occupied, for the greater part, by a grass and shrubby covering. (Generally these fires involve only a few Pines which form part of the natural covering and opportunities thus occur to increase the area under Pine.) Further extensions were carried out to the Tai Hang Valley area mentioned in the Report for the year
1936.
16. Sowing by the broadcast method was carried out both in Hong Kong and in Kowloon and the New Territories. The chief areas dealt with were Tai Hang Valley, Tytam and Tytam Tuk.
17. Generally, this method is employed in sections where it is impracticable to dig. pits for in situ sowing. It has been found very effective in obtaining a quick cover for the loose soil slopes resulting from the cutting of roads and sites on hillsides. In this Colony, Pinus Massoniana Lamb. has proved to be an exceptionally useful "pioneer" plant.
1
-N 4-
18. Pinus maritima R. Br.-As a result of the receipt of a consignment of Pinus maritima R. Br. seeds, kindly presented by Dr. J. H. Passos, Director of Agriculture, Macao, it was decided to try this species on grass banks in certain areas in Hong Kong. To date the germination has been very poor. It is intended to try other methods with this species.
19. Broad-leaved Trees Planted.-The following trees were used in the formation of plantations of varying sizes and the extension of the road-side planting scheme in all parts of the Colony-Acacia Farnesiana, Willd., Albizzia Lebbek Benth., Albizzia procera Benth., Aleurites triloba Forst, Bauhinia Blakeana Dunn, Bauhinia variegata L., Bombax malabaricum DC., Casuarina equisetifolia L., Callistemon rigidus R. Br., Cassia glauca Lam., Celtis sinensis Pers., Cinnamomum Cam- phora Nees, Crataeva religiosa Forst, Delonix regia Rafin, Melaleuca leucadendron L., Paulownia Fortuner Hemsl., Sterculia lanceolata Cav., Tristania conferta Griff.
20. Totals of Tree Planting Operations.-The totals of tree planting, in situ sowing and broadcasting, were as follows:-
Trees-Conifers,-Plantation planting, 6,000; Broad-leaved- Roadside planting, 8,725; Miscellaneous 2,169; Total 16,894.
Sowing in situ-352,758 (using 94 lbs. Pine seed);
Broadcast-5,309 lbs. Pine seed; Total 5,403 lbs. seed.
21. Melaleuca leucadendron L. It is worthy of mention that this species has proved the most successful tree for use alongside roads which are bordered by "padi" fields. It seems to delight in the damp root conditions and generally, has been found to be superior for this purpose than other species used.
22. Insect Pests.--The Pine tree Caterpillar (Dendrolimus punctatus) again appeared in the pine plantations at Fanling, but in comparatively small numbers. 220 lbs. of caterpillars were collected and destroyed. The comparative absence of this pest may be a direct result of the methods of disposal advised by the Bureau of Entomology, Kew, as this is the third year in succession in which small attacks only have been experienced.
23. Forest and Hill Fires.-The number of fires during the year was 25. This is a great reduction on the number for the previous year which was 79.
24. The usual distribution of handbills and the posting of warning notices prior to the Ching Ming and Chung Yeung Festivals, was carried out. The vernacular press kindly gave prominence to notices requesting all visitors to graves and cemeteries to take precautions against causing damage by fire.
·N 5
25. Public Playgrounds.-Tree planting was carried out in the following places:-Southorn Playground, Chinese Recrea- tion Ground and Middle Road. These were in the nature of replacements. In regard to Middle Road, very great difficulty was again experienced in affording adequate protection to the trees and it was found necessary to replace 20 out of a total of 40 trees planted in this area.
26. Cheung Chau.-The roadside tree planting was further developed, a total of 610 trees being planted during the year, in various parts of the island.
27. Taipo Kau Forestry Reserve. This reserve received additions of a planting nature to the extent of 6,823 plants. The following species were planted out-Pinus Khasya Royle, (6,000) Sterculia lanceolata Cav. (40) Mimosa bracatinga Hoehne (352) Quercus spp. (79) Adenanthera pavonina L. (30) Glyptos- trobus heterophyllus Endl. (180) Pasania sp. (Kwai Lam Yui- 130) Artocarpus integrifolia L. (10) Rhodoleia Championi Hook. (2). At the same time the nursery beds were kept in condition and large numbers of seedlings of various species were raised. It is interesting to note that Pinus Khasya Royle, has so far been raised successfully and further developments will be awaited with interest.
28. Pinus Merkusii, Jungh, (Sumatra Pine)-Seeds of this pine received from the Principal Forest Officer, Federated Shan States during 1936 and planted in this reserve the same year, are making good progress. As in the case of Pinus Khasya Royle, its further progress will be watched with interest.
29. At the end of the year preparations were in progress to establish plants of Bambusa dolichomerithalla Hayata, in this reserve, with the idea of utilising to
a greater extent the bamboos which are of reasonably easy growth in the Colony and which are of economic value.
30. Forest Guards Services.-The year under review pro- duced probably the worst outbreak of forest offences that the Colony has ever experienced. The factors contributing to this state of affairs were (i) the unusually severe typhoon of September 2nd (ii) the influx of refugees due to Sino-Japanese hostilities and (iii) the high price of fuel resulting from a cessa- tion of the usual firewood supplies from South China. Together, these factors produced a situation extremely difficult to control and which resulted in much illicit tree cutting and in wholesale cutting of undergrowth from the hillsides. The problem neces- sitated much vigilance on the part of the Forest Staff and though at the end of the year with Police co-operation, some progress had been made in controlling the situation, the cutting continued as a serious menace to the forests and hillsides.
N 6
31. The total number of persons arrested by Forest Guards for all classes of forestry offences was 615. The Police made arrests to the number of 2,520; making in all a total of 3,135 for the year.
Of this number 1,942 (61.94%) were arrested during the last three months of the year.
Particulars of the cases are given in Tables I & II.
32. Preservation of Local Flora.-As recorded in previous years the necessity for protecting the local flora is very great. During the year under review very much damage was done to the local shrub flora in forests and on hillsides adjacent to thickly and poorly populated areas. Much of this was due to the situation described under paragraph 30, but in this case the offenders did not discriminate between the various plants, gathering whatever came their way. While this is very serious, the more insidious trouble comes from those offenders who have realised the market value, from a plant and flower point of view, of the more showy and attractive species. So far as is possible, with the staff available, some check has been kept on this, but frequent inspections of flower markets, market gardens, etc., are very necessary to maintain control of this evil. The policy of removing to the forest reserves such species as are badly threatened, is being vigorously pursued.
33. Protection of Plantations.-The clearing of all fire bar- riers and forestry paths was carried out before the commence- ment of the dry season. The total length of old fire barriers dealt with was 54 miles and forestry paths 49 miles. New fire barriers were made at Tai Hang and Tsat Tze Mui.
34. Undergrowth Clearing.-In Hong Kong, Kowloon and the New Territories, the total areas cleared of undergrowth for various reasons, totalled 3,449,890 sq. feet. Other clearing carried out in connection with surveys, building development and traffic requirements, amounted to 1,310,530 square feet. This represents a total of 4,760,420 square feet or slightly less than 34 acres.
35. Typhoon Damage.-Great damage was caused to trees generally by the typhoon of September 2nd. The roadside trees and those in more or less isolated positions suffered heavily, while in plantations a great deal of damage was done. How- ever, one forest area in the Fanling District, proved the immense value of producing and maintaining an unbroken forest canopy in a Colony such as Hong Kong, which is visited periodically by typhoons of greater or lesser intensity. This particular plantation had not received any thinning nor had it been sub- jected to the unwelcome attentions of illicit tree cutters. It is not possible to give figures for the devastation caused on this
- N 7-
occasion, as it will be many months before a true estimate of the position can be made. The work of removal of dead and damaged trees was in progress at the end of the year. All light structures in the various tree nurseries such as matsheds, latrines, etc. were completely destroyed and a large number of the tree seedlings in the nursery beds were either washed out or blown away.
All fruit trees were stripped of their fruits as also were the trees in the Aleurites montana plantation. The latter is much deplored as it was hoped to obtain a good crop of fruits for departmental use and for seed distribution purposes.
to
36. Scenic Development.-The desirability of small improve- ments to the amenities of the town of Victoria and the general tourist routes on the Island and Mainland, was considered by Government as a result of representations made by the Hong Kong Travel Association. In consequence, it was decided provide a small vote to enable such work to be undertaken. The first developments under this scheme were put in hand during the early part of the year. The sites chosen were areas border- ing the whole length of the Peak Tramway and a sloping area in front of St. John's Cathedral. The following work was carried out in these places:-
Peak Tramway: The work consisted of clearing where necessary, and planting. In all, sixteen areas were dealt with and plants to the number of 1871 were planted. The species used were Rhododendron indicum sweet, (local variety) (664), Hydrangea Hortensia Sieb. (646), Erythrina Crista-galli Linn. (80), Ixora chinensis Lam. (207), Lagerstroemia indica Linn. (120) and Allamanda Schotti Pohl. (154).
St. John's Cathedral:-The bank in front of the Cathedral was cleared of undergrowth, turfed and planted up with Hydrangea Hortensia Sieb. (195).
37. Government Fuel Supply.-In consequence of the short- age of firewood and the resultant high price for this type of fuel it was arranged, in conjunction with the P. W. D., to supply the requirements of Government departments from the local forest areas, thus to some extent, relieving the local market. the large number of typhoon damaged trees available, it was possible to provide a supply sufficient to meet this deinand without recourse to systematic extraction from the general forest
areas.
With
38. Bamboo Survey of Hong Kong and the New Territories.— As a result of contacts made by Dr. Herklots with Dr. F. A. McClure of Lingnan University, Canton, an offer to make a botanical survey of the Bamboos of the Colony was received
N 8 -
from the latter. Such a survey, has the advantages of bringing up to date our knowledge of local bamboos and of affording Dr. McClure an opportunity of increasing his knowledge of bamboos in this section of the Chinese zone. In the interests of the Colony generally, the offer was accepted by Government and the survey was in progress at the end of the year. When the survey is complete and the material worked out, Dr. McClure proposes to publish an account of the survey and of the species collected.
39. Botanical Collection of Bambuseae (Living Specimens).~ On the advice and with the assistance of Dr. McClure, it was proposed to build up a living collection of Bamboos for Botanical purposes. The first steps were taken and a number of plants of different species, (supplied by Dr. McClure), were housed tem- porarily at the Sheung Shui Experimental Nursery. It is hoped to make this collection as complete as possible, at any rate, in respect to Chinese and Tropical species generally and to this end assistance was sought from various botanical centres. Such a collection will be very valuable from a scientific point of view and will take some years to build up. It is hoped to obtain material from many sources, chiefly on an exchange basis. (Note. An excellent site for this collection has been decided upon and it is proposed to have this area surveyed and to draw up a plan for systematic planting of the collection).
AGRICULTURE, ETC.
40. Fan Ling Experimental Garden.-The Citrus plots again produced a good crop of fruits but they were all blown away by the typhoon in September. The typhoon caused considerable havoc amongst the various fruit trees and all fruits on the remaining trees were blown away. Foreign vegetables of good quality were again cultivated for demonstration purposes and for exhibition at the Annual Show of the New Territories Agricul tural Association, which was held at Shek Wu Hui on January 9th & 10th.
41. Inspection of Nursery Stock and Vegetable Products.- The following shipments were inspected and certified for export:-54 dried and fresh vegetable consignments, for export to the Philippine Islands; 19 consignments of Narcissus Tazetta L., containing 57,000 bulbs for export to Britain, Canada, Honolulu, India, Australia, Burma and Mexico; 24 consignments of Sugar Cane containing 193,500 canes exported to Singapore; 16 small lots of miscellaneous seeds and plants exported to various countries.
N 9
SEED COLLECTION.
42. Seeds of the following species were collected for local use and for the purpose of exchange:-Albizzia Lebbek Benth., Artocarpus hypargyraea Hance, Atalantia Hindsii Oliv., Bau- hinia glauca Wall, Bauhinia variegata L., Biota orientalis Endl., Bombax malabaricum DC., Callistemon rigidus R. Br., Camellia hongkongensis Seem, Cassia glauca Lam., Cassia fistula L., Casuarina equisetifolia L., Celtis sinensis Pers., Cunninghamia sinensis R. Br., Delonix regia Rafin., Diospyros Morrisiana Hance, Ficus retusa L., Garcinia oblongifolia Champ., Glyptostrobus heterophyllus Endl., Grevillea robusta A. Cunn., Hibiscus Abelmoschus L., Iris speculatrix Hance, Leucaena glauca Benth., Melaleuca leucadendron L., Paulownia Fortunei Hemsl., Quercus cornea Lour. Quercus Edithae Skan, Quercus Harlandi Hance, Quercus salicina Bl., Rhodoleia Championi Hook., Sapium sebiferum Roxb., Sapium discolor Muell-Arg., Strychnos angustiflora Benth., Strychnos paniculata Champ., Strophanthus divergens R. Grah., Tristania conferta R. Br.
EXCHANGE OF SEEDS.
43. The Department is indebted to the following donors of seeds, plants etc.:-India: The Superintendent, Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta; New Zealand: The Curator, Botanic Gardens, Christchurch; R.O. Dalrymple; Australia: W. Dixson, Sydney, H. J. Ludowici, Sydney; China: Professor Woon-yung Chun, Canton; Japan: The Director, Botanic Garden, Taihoku, Formosa; Local: Lady Northcote; Dr. G. A. C. Herklots and Messrs. Andrew Tse, Shau Mayer and Kwok Ping Lau.
44. The following were the principal recipients: -Britain: The Director, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Australia: The Director of Plant Breeding, Sydney; W. Dixson, Sydney; New Zealand; R. O. Dalrymple; New Guinea: The Director, Depart- ment of Agriculture, Rabaul; India: M. K. Sitaram Chetty, Bangalore; U.S.A.: The Superintendent, Atkins Institution of the Arnold Arboretum, Cuba; Mrs. Elice Burr, Overstreet, California; Indo-China: The Director, Jardin Botanique, Saigon; France: Mon. L. Pompoy; U.S.S.R.: The Director of Introduc tion and Naturalisation, Batum; China: Professor Woon-yung Chun, Canton; Rev. G. L. Russell, Pakhoi; Local: Mrs. E. L. Agazzis, Messrs. A. W. J. Simmons, Andrew Tse and Kwok Ping Lau.
REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
45. Statements of Revenue and Expenditure of the Depart- ment are given in Tables III, IV & V.
N 10
STAFF.
46. The following changes in Staff occurred during the year --The Superintendent (Mr. H. Green) went on leave prior to retirement on 24.7.37; Mr. G. B. Twemlow was appointed Acting Superintendent as from 24.7.37, but was taken ill and had to go into hospital on 27.7.37, where he died on 2.8.37; Mr. W. J. Carrie was Acting Superintendent for the period 27.7.37 to 17.8.37 inclusive, when he was transferred to deal with Refugee problems. This gentleman had acted on previous occasions in the capacity of Superintendent and therefore was well acquainted with the general routine of the Department. His departure created a difficult problem and it was decided to appoint Dr. G. A. C. Herklots, Reader in Biology, Hong Kong University, as Acting Superintendent, he having expressed his willingness to act in this capacity. Accordingly, he was appointed Acting Superintendent as from 18.8.37 and carried out the duties of the post until the arrival of a new Superintendent early in January, 1938. The thanks of the Department are due to Dr. Herklots for stepping into the breach and placing his services at its disposal during a very difficult period. Amongst other things, he was responsible for suggesting to Government the value of making the Baniboo Survey of the Colony, from which also sprang the decision to make the living collection of Bambuseae. Both are matters of considerable interest to the Colony and the Department.
47. The death of Mr. G. B. Twemlow left vacant the post of Assistant Superintendent, which was filled by the appointment of Mr. I. P. Tamworth, B.A., as from 15.12.37.
48. Mr. H. Green. The departure of Mr. H. Green, on leave prior to retirement, removes from the post of Superinten- dent, an officer who has spent 27 years in the department. Mr. Green arrived in the Colony and assumed the duties of Assistant Superintendent on 16.3.11. From 15.3.1917 to 26.1.1920, he was seconded for Military Service, during which period he saw active service in France. On 6.4.20, he was promoted to the post of Superintendent which post he held until his recent departure. During Mr. Green's period of service the Department has expanded in many directions and as Superintendent, he has devoted a great deal of time to the production and preservation of the forests of the Colony and these, in themselves, are a tribute to his energy and foresight. The duties of the post he held were very numerous and the calls on his time very great, but through them all he has steered a clear course towards the aim of building up the forest resources of the Colony and in making the department as useful as possible. It is not possible here, to record all the excellent work which has been carried out during his tenure of office, embracing as it does the botanical, agricultural and horticultural activities of the department, all of which have had much time and attention bestowed upon them. The members of the staff wish Mr. & Mrs. Green many years of happiness in their retirement.
N 11
49. Mr. G. B. Twemlow.-By the death of this officer which occurred so shortly after Mr. Green's departure, the department lost a valuable man. Mr. Twemlow joined the department as a Supervisor on 1.2.23, and by his assiduous attention to duty and general capability, gained promotion to the position of Assistant Superintendent on 1.1.27. During the Superintendent's absences on long leave, he was appointed Acting Superintendent and carried out these duties very ably. It is with great regret that his death on 2.8.37 has to be recorded.
F. FLIPPANCE,
Superintendent.
31.3.38.
Table I.
FOREST GUARDS' SERVICE: OFFENCE.
Assault on
Forest
Guard,
1 *
Report of:-
Village or District
Block
Pine tree
Pine tree
stealing
branch
stealing
Brushwood
stealing
Wild Flower
stealing
Trespassing
in
plantations
Impersonat-
ing Forest
Guard.
Victoria
Wongneichong
Shaukiwan
Tytam
Stanley
23
6
85
1
15
4
3
3
2
Aberdeen
Pokfulam
14
30
5
34
| | 0 | 0 |
3
2
Kowloon
263
Harbour Belt
Cheungshawan
10
Kang Hau
11
New Territories
12
Blalo
10
14
6
1
CO
25
1
Total for 1937
366
19
208
7
15
Total for 1936
121
19
89
21
1
* Also convicted for Brushwood stealing.
-N 12-
1 *
N
N 13
Table II.
POLICE COURT RESULTS.
Case.
1937.
1936.
$ 1 to $.5
12
13
$ 6 to $10
6
6
$11 to $25
9
4
$50
I
Detained till Court rose
4
1 to 7 days imprisonment
5
8 to 14
29
14
17
21
15 to 20
3 weeks
71
38
4.
2
73
>"
24
5
6
7
8
133
30
1
1
16
12
10
1 month
2 months
3
4
1
141
78
21
3
''
>"
"
6
,,
11
1
"}
12
7
7
Discharges
Cautions
Caned (Juvenile)
Bound Over
Bail estreated $25
2
47
24
1
Total
615
251
N 14
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE, 1936 & 1937.
Revenue
Timber Sales
Plant Sales
Loan of Plants
Forestry Licences
Sale of Condemned Stores
Overpayments in Previous Years)
Other Miscellaneous Receipts...
Total
1936
1937
$
$
2,408.69
2,492.70
741.59
798.69
63.16
81.04
9,612.63
9,863.98 (A)
7.92
50.36
.63
914.68
829.08 (B)
13,748.67
14,116.48
(A) Collected by District Officers.
(B) Including $750 for Inspection of Nursery Stock as against
$829 in 1936.
Table IV.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE
FOR THE PAST TEN YEARS.
Personal Emoluments
Year.
& Other Charges.
Special Expenditure. Expenditure.
Total
Total *Revenue.
$
$
$
$
1928......
1929.
99,178.99 101,146.23
99,178.99
8,849.35
101,146.23
11,885.97
1930.
120,565.39 3,809.67
124,375.06 12,376.46
1931
121,189.43
1932.
122,041.57
121,189.43 11,717.67 122,041.57
17,028.99
1933.
125,762.23
999.64
126,761.87 17,634.96
1934.
127,403.14
127,403.14 14,084.02
1935.
117,447.55
1936....
125,355.53
1937...
130,193.92 1,999.55
117.447.55 13.787.02 125,355.53 13,748.67 132,193.47 14,116.48
- N 15
Table V.
BOTANICAL AND FORESTRY DEPARTMENT.
.COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE FOR 1936 & 1937.
Expenditure
1936
$
1937
Personal Emoluments
80,848.56
87,116.24
Other Charges.
Brushwood Clearing
6,999.20
6,493.90
Conveyance Allowances
2,381.68
2,122.64
Expenses of Collections
200.00
200.00
Field Allowances to Foresters ...
663.68
597.46
Forestry
15,842.24
15,016.83
Forestry Reserve, Taipo Kau ........
2,975.63
2,951.80
Incidental Expenses
339.09
389.59
Library
257.31
298.99
Light
314.47
337.51
Maintenance of Gardens
9,645.29
10,351.53
Protection of Plantations
1,497.74
830.82
Transport
1,409.77
1,522.03
Uniforms & Accoutrements
1,210.02
1,166.37
Upkeep of Car
770.85
798.21
Total Other Charges.....
44,506.97
43,077.68
Special Expenditure.
Planting Flowering Shrubs
1,999.55
Total
125,355.53
132,193.47
Appendix O.
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF EDUCATION FOR
THE YEAR 1937.
SUMMARY OF CONTENTS.
Part I.
PREFACE.
Part II.
Chapter I.-Review of Chief Events.
Chapter
II.-Legislation, Administration and Control.
Chapter III.-Finance.
Chapter IV.-Primary and Secondary Education.
Chapter V.-Female Education.
Chapter VI.-Technical Education.
Chapter VII.-Training of Teachers.
Chapter VIII.-Health and Physical Education.
Chapter IX.-Miscellaneous.
0 2
Part I.
PREFACE.
1. The Colony of Hong Kong comprises the island of Hong Kong, the Kowloon peninsula and the New Territories' consisting of a number of islands and a strip of the mainland contiguous to the Kowloon peninsula.
2. The vast bulk of the population are Chinese drawn from the neighbouring province of Kwang Tung.
3. The following figures which are of educational interest are quoted from the report on the census taken on the night of 7th March, 1981:-
Chinese
Non-Chinese
821,429
28,322
849,751
Total Population
4. Of the Chinese population 44% claim ability to write and read their mother tongue. If only persons of sixteen years of age and over are taken into account, the figure rises to 52%.
5. Of the Non-Chinese population approximately 90% were. literate; in the case of children under eleven the figure drops to 87.%.
6. Of the Chinese population 6% claim ability to speak English and 5% to read and write in that language.
us:
7. The Superintendent of Census, however, warns "There is of course a strong temptation to claim attainments which one does not possess, or possesses only in a very small degree. The figures are likely, therefore, to err by giving too favourable an impression of educational attainments, and this error is made from time to time. For this reason comparison with previous censuses is of uncertain value, and is also difficult on account of the different method for presentation of the results adopted in 1921.”
8. According to the Census report there were 119,008 children between the age of five and fourteen distributed as under: ----
Hong Kong and Kowloon
88,481
New Territory
Afloat
17,940
12,587
Total
119,008
0 3
9. Agriculture and fishing are the main occupations of the inhabitants of the rural districts. The rest of the Colony is a busy city and port, an important banking centre and a centre of retail trade; and a meeting place between the East and the West. As such, in addition to manual labourers, there is a high percentage of interpreters, clerks, accountants, shroffs, tallymen, shop-keepers and the like among the resident population.
10. The Director of Education derives his legal powers from the Education Ordinance of 1913 which requires all non- Government schools (unless specifically exempted) to register and to conform to regulations.
11. Since 1920 he has been advised by a Board, of which he is "ex officio' chairman. This Board is a non-statutory body appointed by the Governor and consists of unofficial members-- at present 11 in number-together with the Senior Inspector of English and Vernacular Schools respectively.
12. The Government "provides"-that is to say builds (or rents), equips and staffs-a certain number of schools, English, Vernacular, Normal and Technical, the headmasters and mis- tresses of which are responsible to the Director. It also "aids' by means of grants, chiefly Capitation, a certain number of schools both English and Vernacular, conditionally on their subscribing to a Code approved by the Director; and, by means of subsidies, a considerable number of Vernacular schools in both urban and rural areas.
13. Control of these Aided schools is exercised through English and Vernacular Inspectors on the Director's staff, while the latter are called upon also to advise, instruct, and admonish a large and constantly changing body of unaided schools-boys schools, girls schools, day-schools, night-schools, "English" schools, Vernacular schools, middle, primary and kindergarten, urban and rural.
14. Education, being eagerly sought after by the Chinese, is neither compulsory nor free. Nor is poverty an absolute bar to learning; for several charitable societies, aided by the Govern- ment subsidy, contrive to admit pupils without fee, or at a very small charge: while a number of Scholarships, both Government and other, assist the poor scholar to mount the educational ladder.
15. A school is defined as a place where ten or persons are habitually taught in one or more classes.
more
16. A Vernacular school is defined as one in which Chinese is the medium of instruction, and an English school as one in which the medium of instruction is solely or chiefly English. In English schools attended by Chinese pupils, English and Chinese are studied side by side, the pari passu system requiring that promotion shall depend on proficiency in both languages.
0 4
17. Two provided boys' schools, Queen's College and King's College, one provided girls' school, Belilios Public School, and most Grant-in-Aid English Schools have both Primary and Secondary Departments. Primary Departments consist of five classes and follow a syllabus laid down by Government.
18.
A Common Entrance Examination for admission to the Upper Schools of Queen's College and King's College is held annually by the Education Department. This examination is open without fee to all schools in the Colony, and scholarships are awarded on the results.
19. The department has introduced. a School Certificate Examination for Class 2 students of the English Secondary Schools. With its introduction Class 1 becomes a special or matriculation class intended for those who contemplate proceed- ing to a University.
20. A few European children attend Grant-in-Aid English Schools and a certain number the four Garrison Schools; but the great majority have their education supplied directly by Govern- ment in the four British Mixed Schools. Of these Kowloon Junior School, Quarry Bay School and the Peak School have four classes each, including Kindergarten, for children under the age of 10. The Central British School has 6 Forms and prepares pupils for the Hong Kong School Certificate.
21. To the Chinese child the primary Vernacular school (Siu Hok) leads naturally to the Middle School (Chung Hok) but after 4 years of 'Siu Hok' the decision is usually taken whether to continue in the Chinese system or to branch to the 'English' system. A curriculum calculated to admit of their choice was revised in 1929, and adopted as a model by the Director.
0 5
Part II.
Chapter I.
22.
EVENTS OF THE YEAR.
Owing to the unsettled conditions in China during the latter part of 1937, there was a marked influx of both Chinese and Europeans to the more secure confines of the Colony, accompanied by a sharp rise in the attendance figures of educa- tional institutions. The maximum enrolment in all classes of schools reached the record figure of 86,993.
23. In connection with the Coronation of His Majesty King George VI, celebrations were held throughout the Colony in May, and every pupil in attendance at a registered school was presented at the expense of Government with a memorial medal.
24. The new building of Maryknoll Convent School was cpened informally in May and Heep Yan School commenced its activities after Chinese New Year in February.
25. During the summer holidays the Central British School building was taken over by the Refugees Committee and utilized as a hostel for European families who had been evacuated from the disturbed zone in North China. Some delay was experienced in re-habilitating the premises in time for the re-opening of the Autumn term which had to be postponed until a fortnight after the arranged date.
26. The appointment from England of a Biology mistress for Belilios Public School marks a step in the progress of Science teaching to Chinese girls. The experiment thus commenced is important and its development will be observed with great interest.
Chapter II.
LEGISLATION, ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL.
27. The Hong Kong University School Certificate Examina- tion was held in June for the last time, and the Hong Kong School Certificate Examination was successfully inaugurated. General satisfaction with the organisation and results of the latter has been expressed by the Government and Grant-in-Aid Schools which participated.
06
28. The new examination is controlled by a Syndicate under the Presidency 'ex officio' of the Director and the Chair- manship of an Inspector of English Schools. The Syndicate provides, by means of a roster, an Annual Board, consisting, in addition to the Chairman and the Senior Vernacular Inspector, of four heads of boys' schools (two provided and two Grant-in- Aid) and two heads of girls' schools, which is responsible for the arrangements for the year.
29.
BOARD OF EDUCATION.
The Board of Education met three times during the year. The Hon. Mr. Leo D'Almada e Castro, Jr., B.A., Rev. Fr. G. Byrne, S.J., Ph.D., Rev. C. B. R. Sargent, M.A., Mr. A. el Arculli, and Rev. J. R. Higgs, B.A., whose terms of office had expired were re-appointed for a further term of two years. Sir W. W. Hornell, Kt., C.I.E., M.A., LL.D. resigned from the Board, and Mr. D. J. Sloss, C.B.E., M.A., was appointed a member on 9th December, 1937.
30. The Members during the year 1987 were:
Director of Education, Chairman.
Inspector of English Schools.
Inspector of Vernacular Schools.
Mr. A. el Arculli.
Rev. Fr. G. Byrne, S.J., Ph.D.
Hon. Mr. L. D'Almada e Castro, Jr., B.A.
Rev. J. R. Higgs, B.A.
Sir W. W. Hornell, Kt., C.I.E., M.A., LL.D.
Captain G. W. P. Kimm, A.E.C.
Mr. Li Tsz Fong.
Rev. C. B. R. Sargent, M.A.
Rev. F. Short:
Mr. D. J. Sloss, C.B.E., M.A.
Dr. S. W. Ts'o, C.B.E., LL.D.
Mr. B. Wylie.
STAFF.
31. Mr. G. R. Sayer, B.A. acted as Director of Education from 1st January to 5th March, and Mr. W. Kay, M.A. from 6th March to 21st December, when Mr. Sayer resumed duty on return from leave.
0.7
32. Mr. C. G. Sollis, M.A., transferred from Malaya on 2nd October, 1937, was appointed Senior Inspector of English Schools.
33.
Mr. B. J. Morahan was appointed from England on 4th June, 1937, to fill the new post of Physical Training Super- visor.
34. Mr. A. L. Potter was transferred to Hong Kong from Trinidad.
35. Arrivals from home on appointment were Miss O. B. Green and Miss M. Smedley.
36. Mrs. E. M. Clark proceeded on leave prior to retire- ment in December.
Chapter III.
FINANCE.
37. The following figures show comparison with 1936:--
1936.
1937.
Provided Schools
.$1,337,897.93
$1,461,103.36
Aided Schools
345,039.00
360,946.00
Direction and Inspection
171,521.63
190,065.52
Students in Training
30,098.14
30,530.00
Miscellaneous
3,494.45
$1,888,051.15
$2,042,644.88
School fees collected
244,117.00
255,938.25
Net expenditure
.$1,643,934.15
$1,786,706.63
38. The item "Miscellaneous" represented the difference between the full cost of tickets on the Kowloon-Canton Railway and the cost of cheap tickets for school children. The Railway Company now bears this difference.
39. The figures in Table IV show the financial assistance distributable to Grant-in-Aid Schools in 1938 in respect of 1937.
08
Chapter IV.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION.
GENERAL.
40. An account of the Year's activities of the English (including British) schools, provided and private, will be found in the report by the Inspectors of English Schools. Annexe I.
41. An account of the year's activities of the Vernacular Schools will be found in the report by the Inspectors of Verna- cular Schools. Annexe II.
PROVIDED SCHOOLS--BRITISH.
43. A descriptive list of these schools will be found included in Table III.
43. The Central British School is centrally situated in the Kowloon peninsula. The primary schools are situated one in the hill district, one on the lower levels of the island, and one on the Peninsula.
44.
PROVIDED SCHOOLS-ENGLISH.
A descriptive list of these schools will be found included in Table III.
45. The examination for promotion to Class 3 at Queen's College and King's College which is now open to all schools of the Colony was conducted as usual in 1937. 335 boys were examined and 235 passed or approximately 70%. No candidates were presented from Non-Provided Schools.
46. The process of converting Un Long Rural School into a Higher Primary Vernacular School continued according to plan.
PROVIDED SCHOOLS-VERNACULAR.
47. Four schools belong to this category; the Vernacular Middle School which has primary, secondary and normal divi- sions; the Vernacular Normal School for Women; the Tai Po Vernacular Normal School, where rural school teachers trained; and Un Long Rural School.
AIDED SCHOOLS-ENGLISH.
are
48. A list of these institutions together with details of the grants receivable will be found in Table IV.
49. Inspectors' annual reports show that very satisfactory work is being done in these schools and in all cases the maximum grants were recommended.
50. As in previous years weaknesses were discussed with the Heads of the schools concerned who on all occasions showed themselves anxious to co-operate with the Education Depart- ment and to adopt any suggestions offered.
51. Colloquial English, one of the chief weaknesses, con- tinues to make slow but steady improvement.
52. Grants in Aid were paid in respect of 1937 at the following rates:-
$40 in respect of boys' schools.
$35 in respect of girls' schools.
53. The notice of reduction in the Grant payable in respect of the year 1936 was withdrawn early in 1937 and the grant paid in full.
54. The supply of instructors in Physical Training to Grant-in-Aid Schools has been continued during the year and the schools which have taken advantage of the scheme have expressed general satisfaction with the arrangements and pro- gress made.
AIDED SCHOOLS-VERNACULAR.
55. In 1937 these numbered 287 of which three were Grant-in-Aid Schools for girls classed in Table II as "Secondary" schools.
56. Capitation Grants were paid in full. The proposed reduction in view of financial stringency was not imposed.
57. During the year the number of urban schools receiving subsidies was reduced from 174 to 168: while the number of rural schools receiving subsidies was reduced from 120 to 116.
UNAIDED SCHOOLS.
58. Statistics of these schools will be found in Inspectors' Reports and Tables I and II.
59. No pupils from private English schools presented themselves for the examination giving entrance to Class 3 in Queen's and King's Colleges.
Chapter V.
FEMALE EDUCATION.
Of the 86,993 children under instruction in the schools of the Colony during 1937, 28,560 or rather more than 30% of the whole were attending schools for girls or were girls attending mixed schools.
O 10
61. The following figures show comparison with 1936:-
1936.
1937.
(a) In provided schools
1,217
1,275
In aided schools
10,516
11,014
In unaided schools
13,699
16,271
25,432
28,560
(b) In Vernacular Schools
.......
21,228
23,975
In English Schools
4,204
4,585
25,432
28,560
62. Of the 1,275 in provided schools 286 were in the mixed schools for British children. The Evening Institute accounted for 253. There were 176 in attendance at the Vernacular Normal School for Women and the remaining 560 were at the Belilios Public School. For details of the Grant-in-Aid Girls' schools reference should be made to Table IV.
63. The 179 girls attending the four Garrison schools, classed in Table I as not controlled, are included in the above figures under unaided schools.
Chapter VI.
TECHNICAL EDUCATION.
64. A brief account of the year's activities of the Trade and Technical Schools will be found in the report of the Prin- cipal, see Annexe IV.
65. No new European Instructors for the Trade School were appointed during 1937, but a Chief Instructor in Wireless Telegraphy and an Assistant Instructor in Building have been recruited in England and are expected to arrive early in 1938.
66. Technical classes continued to be held under the auspices of the 'Evening Institute'. The emoluments of organisers and lecturers were restored to previous rates in the second half of the year.
0 11
Chapter VII.
TRAINING OF TEACHERS.
67. Trained teachers fall into four groups, viz., (1) those possessing a certificate recognised by the English Board of Education or its equivalent, (2) graduates of the University of Hong Kong, (3) those who have passed through one or other of the Government vernacular normal schools and (4) those who have satisfactorily attended either English or Vernacular normal classes in connection with the Evening Institute.
69. In the Education Group of the Faculty of Arts at the University there were during the first half of the year 47 students of whom 20 were holders of Government Scholarships, and during the second half of the year 58 students of whom 25 were holders of Government Scholarships.
69. Evening Institute training embraces at
a three years' course and 35 Vernacular and 9 English teachers obtained certi- ficates. In all 270 teachers attended vernacular classes and 70 attended English classes.
70.
Some account of the Vernacular Normal Schools will be found in the report of the Inspectors of Vernacular Schools. Annexe II.
Chapter VIII.
HEALTH AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION.
71. Dr. G. M. Hargreaves, Medical Officer, Dr. Au King and Dr. Wong Hok Nin, Chinese Medical Officers, were on duty throughout the year. Dr. (Mrs.) Nash replaced Dr. (Mrs.) Fehily as Lady Medical Officer on 1st October.
72. The Medical Officers are responsible for the medical inspection of school children at the Government schools whose pupils are required to pay a medical inspection fee. These include all the primary and secondary schools for Chinese and Indians, and the Junior Technical School.
73. The service includes among other things the inspection of the children's eyes and the provision free of charge of spectacles to any who need them. It includes also free tonsilec- tomy (or the removal of adenoids) and hospital in-patient fees for those undergoing the operation.
O 12
74. Clinics are established in connection with the treatment of Government school children at Ellis Kadoorie and Yaumati Schools and the Violet Peel Health Centre, where the Medical Officers have their headquarters. There are also special clinics for visual disorders, and for ear, nose and throat.
75. The Medical Officers undertake also visits to private vernacular schools with a view to ascertaining and reporting upon the hygienic fitness of the premises for school purposes.
76. Detailed reports of the work done by the Medical Officers during the year will be found in the Medical Department Annual Report.
77. It is gratifying to be able to record that 11 of the Grant-in-aid schools have, at their own charges, established medical inspectional services on the lines of, if not entirely co-extensive with the system in use in the Government schools.
78. During the course of the year the Vernacular Inspec- torate methodically pursued the somewhat technical task of supervising the installation of latrines in the schools falling under their charge according to the requirements of the medical authorities; and by the year's end, with the exception of some 30 schools, the work had been completed.
79. The scheme for introducing Physical Training through- out the Government and Grant-in-aid schools proceeded according to programme with the result that it is now possible to claim that every boy and every girl, British, Indian or Chinese in all the urban schools, provided or aided, is receiving one hour's training a week as a part of the curriculum.
80. Apart from private instructors employed by some of the Grant-in-aid schools, the staff consists of 10 Chinese male and 2 Chinese female instructors locally trained, under the super- vision of fully qualified European Supervisors.
81. In the Vernacular Schools the contest for the Director's banner for the best physical training display by a squad of 45 inaugurated last year was repeated in December and a keen competition resulted.
Chapter IX.
MISCELLANEOUS.
EVENING INSTITUTE.
82. A report by the Director of the Institute will be found
in Annexe IV.
O 13
EXAMINATIONS.
83. A table showing the results of the Hong Kong Univer- sity School Certificate Examination held in June is appended. Table VII.
84. The Hong Kong School Certificate Examination under the auspices of the Education Department was held for the first time in June. Altogether 721 candidates from Hong Kong schools entered and of these 423 were successful.
85. There was one Matriculation examination of the University of London in January. One Bachelor of Arts (Honours) Examination, one Final LL.B. Examination and one Matriculation Examination were held in June.
86. An examination for the School Certificate of Commer- cial Education of the London Chamber of Commerce was held in July and a further examination for one candidate in Shorthand was held in November.
SCHOLARSHIPS AND FEES REMITTED.
87. These may be either Internal Scholarships implemented by remission of fees or External Scholarships provided by individual benefactors or groups of benefactors.
88. Fees remitted in 1937, details of which are shown in Table V, amounted to $27,716.00. External Scholarships were of the approximate value of $10,000.00.
9th March, 1938.
G. R. SAYER,
Director of Education.
0 14
Annexe I.
REPORT BY THE INSPECTORS OF ENGLISH SCHOOLS.
(a) Provided.
GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.
1. Queen's College.-Headmaster, Mr. F. J. de Rome, M.B.E., B.Sc. During the absence on long leave of Mr. de Rome, the school was in charge of Mr. W. L. Handyside, M.A., B.Sc.
The maximum monthly enrolment was 610. attendance was 573 (565 in 1936).
The average
2. In the Hong Kong School Certificate Examination con- ducted by the University of Hong Kong 47 boys sat, 28 gained School Certificates while 18 of these qualified for Matriculation. The Hong Kong Local Examination Syndicate held its School Certificate Examination for the first time. 85 boys sat, of these 76 gained certificates, 9 with Honours. In the rest of the School the Annual Examination results were satisfactory.
3. Seven past pupils graduated from the Hong Kong University at the end of the year.
4. A Science Society has been instituted for boys in Classes 1 and 2.
5. Physical Training and Organized Games are now com- pulsory.
From 6. King's College.-Headmaster, Mr. W. Kay, M.A. March 6th, 1937, Mr. Kay acted as Director of Education and the school was in charge of Rev. G. E. S. Upsdell, M.A. The maximum monthly enrolment was 802. The average attendance was 750 (695 in 1936).
7. In the Hong Kong School Certificate Examination con- ducted by the University of Hong Kong 57 boys sat and 51 gained School Certificates. Of these 23 qualified for Matricula- tion. Two King Edward VII Scholarships at the University and two Government Studentships-in-Training were gained.
In the Class 2 School Certificate Examination conducted by the Local Examination Syndicate 75 boys sat, 65 passed, 5 with Honours.
8. Physical Training and Organized Games are compulsory. The School won the Government Schools Junior Football League and the Inter-Schools Volley Ball League (Small Boys Division).
0 15
9. Ellis Kadoorie School.-Headmaster, Mr. C. Mycock. Maximum enrolment 414, average attendance 394 (same as in 1936).
10. 84 boys sat for the Class 4 Examination of whom 58 passed. In Classes 5, 6, 7 and 8, 305 boys were examined and 224 were successful in gaining promotion.
11. The School entered a team in the Government Schools Junior Football League. Inter-Class competitions are also held in the various games.
12. Yaumati School.-Headmaster, Mr. H. G. Wallington, M.A. Maximum enrolment 282. Average attendance 263 (same as last year).
13. Twenty-five boys sat for the Class 4 Examination of whom 17 passed. In Classes, 5, 6, 7 and 8, 244 boys were examined and 219 passed.
14. Mr. Ho Yan Tak, Senior Anglo-Chinese Master, retired after over 31 years of faithful service.
15. Physical Training and Organized Games are compulsory.
16. Wantsai School.-Headmaster, Mr. K. L. Chau, M.A. Maximum enrolment 214. Average attendance 195 (same as last year).
17. In the Class 4 Examination 50 pupils presented them- selves, of whom 43 were successful. The results of the Annual Examination were satisfactory in the other classes.
18. Gap Road School.-Headmaster, Mr. Lo Yuk Lun. Maximum enrolment 180. Average attendance 165 (same as last year).
19. 158 boys took the Annual Examination and 153 passed. Physical Training and Organized Games are compulsory. Launch Picnics were held regularly during the Summer.
20. Taipo School.-Headmaster, Mr. Fung So. Maximum enrolment 103. Average attendance 92 (91 in 1936).
21. The school was provided with new premises as from 1st June, 1937. These are proving very satisfactory, being fire proof, well ventilated and quiet.
22. 86 boys took the Annual Examination of whom 55 passed.
23. Cheung Chau School.-Headmaster, Cheung King Pak, B.A. Maximum enrolment 60. Average attendance 53 (55 in 1936).
O 16
Sp
24. At the Annual Examination 52 boys were examined and 40 passed.
25. The health of the School was good, there being very few cases of sickness among pupils and staff.
26. A sucessful Sports Meeting was held in April, and great keenness was shown in the inter-house competitions conducted in basket ball and swimming.
27. Ellis Kadoorie Indian School.-Headmaster, Mr. A. White. Maximum enrolment 200. Average attendance 192 (187 in 1936).
28. 55% of the boys who entered for the Class 4 Examina- tion passed, while in the remainder of the school 78% of the candidates were successful in gaining promotion.
29. 120 books were added to the School library during the year.
30. The school is indebted to the Military Authorities for the use of the Military Football and Hockey Grounds at Sookunpoo one day in each week.
31. Cricket continues to be the favourite game at this school although considerable progress has been made in Hockey.
Mrs. P. Y.
32. Belilios Public School.-Headmistress, Stark. During the absence on long leave of Mrs. Stark the school was in charge of Mrs. E. M. Clark.
33. Maximum enrolment 560. Average attendance 521 (502 in 1936).
34. 12 girls passed the University School Certificate Exam- ination, two with honours.
35. 28 girls sat for the Education Department School Certificate (Class 2) Examination and 25 passed.
36. Great interest is shown in organized games now con- ducted on the House System.
37. Central British School.-Headmaster, Rev. G. E. S. Upsdell, M.A.
38. From March 6th, 1937, Mr. Upsdell acted as Head- master of King's College and the School was in charge of Mr. D. M. Richards, B.A.
39. Maximum enrolment 300. Average attendance 257 (247 in 1936).
40. Four pupils passed the Hong Kong University School Certificate Examination, 1 obtaining honours.
•
✪ 17
41. Eleven pupils passed the Education Department (Class 2) Examination.
42. Three pupils passed the Cambridge School Certificate Examination. Walter Pryde won the Peace Memorial Scholar- ship.
43. The school won the Governor's Shield for the Inter- School Sports Colony Championship.
44. Kowloon Junior School.-Headmistress, Miss M. Cooper, B.A.
45. Maximum enrolment 113. Average attendance 96 (94 in 1936).
46. 23 children were promoted to the Central British School.
Headmistress,
47. Quarry Bay School.- Headmistress, Miss K. M. Anderson. During the absence on long leave of Miss Anderson, Miss J. W. Buckwell was in charge of the school.
48. Maximum enrolment 102. Average attendance 80 (72 in 1936).
49. Miss Cotton was invalided in January after 13 years' service in the Department.
50. The schoo! won the Junior Schools Net-Ball Competi- tion.
51. Peak School.-Headmistress, Miss M. W. Newsholme. Maximum enrolment 83. Average attendance 65 (50 in 1936).
(b) Aided.
52. There were fifteen Grant-in-Aid English Schools. 7 for boys and 8 for girls, with a total of 7,219 children in attendance as compared with 6,706 last year. All these schools have Secondary Departments with the exception of two girls' schools. one of which is a Primary School and the other for Infants only.
53. Grants were paid at the following rates viz., $40 in respect of Boys' Schools and $35 in respect of Girls' Schools. The Annual Reports by the Inspectors of English Schools show that satisfactory work is being done. Building Grants were approved by Government as follows: $10,000 to St. Mary's School, and $8,650 to Heep Yunn School.
54. A block grant of $6,000 was again made to Munsang College. Government pays an annual grant of $4,800 to St. Louis Industrial School which is conducted by the Salesian Institute.
(c) Unaided.
O 18
55. Day Schools.-There were 52 unaided day schools as against 50 in the previous year. The total number of pupils enrolled was 3,644 including 234 girls as against 3,349 with 239 girls in 1936.
56. Amongst these schools, 3 are Roman Catholic Theological Colleges, of which two are exempted from supervision, 8 are Commercial Schools, one is a trade school, 2 are infant schools for European children and 3 are schools for Chinese girls.
serve the
57. The unaided schools for Chinese students purpose of admitting those who cannot gain admittance in a Government or Grant-in-Aid School. Unfortunately the un- attractive renumerations offered by these institutions to their teaching staffs usually do not obtain for them the right type of teachers, while the make-shift premises are not congenial to school work; under such present conditions, the average standard of these schools cannot be expected to be satisfactory.
58. The requirement of physical education in the curriculum enforced by the Examination Syndicate, has done a great deal of good to the few unaided schools which prepare candidates for the School Leaving Certificate Examination.
59. Night Schools.-The number of night schools was 74, two more than in the previous year. The total enrolment was 2,585 and the average attendance was 1,929. A small number of these schools teach commercial subjects as Type-writing, Shorthand, etc., the rest teach Elementary English.
C. G. SOLLIS,
J. RALSTON,
Inspectors of English Schools.
I. S. WAN,
Inspector of Private English Schools.
0 19
-
Annexe II.
REPORT BY THE INSPECTORS OF
VERNACULAR SCHOOLS, 1937.
GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.
1. Vernacular Middle School.-Head Teacher, Mr. Li King Hong, B.A. The maximum enrolment was 240, and the average attendance was 231.
2. In the School Certificate Examination conducted by the University, three of the four candidates passed, one with honours. In the Government Class 2 Examination, seven out of ten candidates passed.
3. In the Normal Division, five of the ten students passed their Final Examination.
4. Physical Instruction has, as in other Government and Grant-in-Aid Schools, been introduced from the beginning of the
year.
5. Volley Ball continues to be the most popular game in this school, and the Senior Team won a number of matches in the Inter-School League. Football and Ping Pong are also played. The school made two excursions to the New Territories during the year.
6. Vernacular Normal School for Women.-Head Mistress, Miss Chan Yat Hing. The maximum enrolment was 176. The average attendance was 160.
7. Four out of twelve students passed their Final Examina- tion.
8. The school lost one of its most esteemed teachers in the death of Mr. Li Man Yiu who had served the school with devotion for ten years. The vacancy has now been filled by Mr. Fung Chim-kwai. Mr. Ho Hok Cheung retired on account of age and Mr. Ng Chung Kei left to return to Canton. They have been replaced by Mr. Pun Yik Wan and Miss Fung Chui Wan.
9. The students continue to take keen interest in Physical Training and organized games, Basket-ball and Volley Ball being their favourite.
10. Taipo Vernacular Normal School.-Head Teacher, Mr. Chan Pun Chiu. The maximum enrolment was 43, and the average attendance, 38.
11. Four out of eight students passed their Final Examina- tion.
O 20
12. Un Long School.-Head Teacher, Mr. Lam Pak To. The maximum enrolment was 100 and the average attendance was 91.
26
13. The process of the conversion of this school into a Vernacular Ko Siu" School continues. In
In September, a "Ko Siu" II was formed to take the place of an English Class 7. The Annual Examination showed very good results; over 90% passed. The high cost of transportation is an obstacle to the passed students who wish to further their studies in the Urban Districts.
GRANT SCHOOLS.
14. The number of Grant Schools has been reduced to three as a consequence of the amalgamation of the Fairlea Girls' School with the Victoria Home in the early part of the year. The amalgamated school is the Heep Yunn School, housed in a new modern school building in Kowloon City. The school follows the same policy as the former Fairlea Girls' School, i.e., unlike the Ying Wa and St. Paul's, it follows the prescribed syllabus for Vernacular Middle Schools. In the University Examination, 50% of the top class students of both the Ying Wa and St. Paul's passed. In the Class 2 Examination, 61% of Ying Wa's candidates passed, while St. Paul's did not enter its students for this examination. The total enrolment in the three schools was 1,080, and the average attendance was 865.
PRIVATE SCHOOLS-URBAN DISTRICTS.
15. The total number of schools which received subsidies for either a part of or the whole year was 173. A few having been either removed from the Subsidy List or closed during the year, the number of Subsidized Schools at the end of the year was 167; with a total enrolment of 15,007, (15,174 in 1936) and an average attendance of 14,120 (14,305 in 1936). The number of Non-subsidized Day Schools was 591, an increase of thirty-five over last year. (maximum enrolment=41,250: average attend- ance=38,580). The number of Night Schools has increased to 54, (24. Boys' and 30 Girls'). The total enrolment in these schools was 1,902 (740 boys and 1,162 girls), and the average attendance was 1,566. The majority of these schools are Free Schools for the Working Class, sons of labourers, servant-maids and factory girls. The total number of Private Vernacular Schools in the Urban Districts existing at the end of the year was 816 (784 in 1936), consisting of 1 Exempted, 3 Grant, 167 Subsidized, 591' Non-subsidized and 54 Night Schools. The total enrolment in these schools was 59,249 (36,943 boys and 22,306 girls), and the average attendance was 55,139.
16. The total amount of Subsidies paid was $92,130 which works out at about $532.60 per school, or $6.10 per pupil.
O 21
17. Physical Training.-For the second time, a competition was held in December. The number of entries was exactly the same as that of the previous year i.e. 21, but the display showed considerable improvement in certain directions.
18. Scholarships.-Thirty Free Places tenable at various Government English Schools, and four at the Vernacular Middle School were awarded to boys from Subsidized schools and eighteen Places at the Belilios School were awarded to girls from various Vernacular schools. This was the first time that a suffi- cient number of suitable students were found to fill all the 18 Free Places offered at the Belilios School, and this may be accounted for by the tendency in Girls' Vernacular Schools to introduce English into their curriculum in the earlier stages.
PRIVATE SCHOOLS-RURAL DISTRICTS.
19. Subsidized Schools.-The number of Subsidized schools was 116 including 6 girls' schools. Subsidies paid amounted to $19,855 working out to an average of $171.15 per school, or $4.20 per pupil.
20. Non-Subsidized Schools.-There were 78 non-subsidized schools including 7 Girls' Schools. (6 Day Schools and 1 Night School.)
21. Attendance.—The total enrolment in the New Territories Schools was 7,708 (4,731 pupils including 601 girls in Subsidized schools, 2,927 including 758 girls in Non-subsidized schools, and 50 girls in a Girls' Night School), the average attendance was 6,099.
22. Scholarships.-All the Free Places tenable in Govern- ment Schools offered to students from Subsidized Schools were eagerly sought and were filled by students selected at a com- petitive examination.
23. Secondary Schools.-During the second half of the year, a few of the Secondary Schools-both English and Chinese- that were forced by the Sino-Japanese conflict to remove from Canton or other parts of China to this Colony established them- selves in the New Territories, and it may be recorded that this is the first year that Secondary Schools appear on the New Territory School List. It will be interesting to see how many New Territories students will avail themselves of the oppor- tunity, as we may judge therefrom what demand there is for Secondary Schools in these territories.
24. Every school has been visited at least once during the year.
(Sd.) Y. P. LAW,
17
W. YU,
I. S. WAN,
S. W. LIANG,
Inspectors of Vernacular Schools
24. 2. 38.
0 22
Annexe III.
REPORT BY THE PRINCIPAL, TRADE & TECHNICAL SCHOOLS.
Junior Technical School.
(1) Students on completion of their course continue to be accepted for apprenticeship by local engineering firms on very favourable terms.
(2) Thirty-two students left with certificates in 1937. Of these seventeen are continuing their education by at- tendance at Evening Institute Classes.
(3) The Sports Field was badly damaged by the typhoon of September, but the damage has now been largely repaired.
(4) For the first time it was possible to run a practical course of instruction in which students prepared draw- ings, made the patterns, and produced lead castings of the objects drawn.
(5) Owing to the restriction imposed by very small class rooms it is not possible to recruit sufficient entrants in the lowest classes to ensure that normal wastage does not render the top classes of the School uneconomically small. This defect cannot be remedied in the present building.
(6) Attendance Figures were as follows.
Maximum enrolment,
118
Average Attendance, 1937-1938,
110.28
Average Attendance, 1936-1937,
111.36
Decrease in enrolment over 1936-1937,
8
Trade School.
(1) The initial equipment purchased in 1936 was installed during the year. The difficulty of obtaining delivery of equipment from home has delayed progress considerably. (2) The second instalment of equipment was ordered during
1937.
(3) The Department of Wireless Telegraphy opened in February with 20 students, 10 of whom qualified for the 2nd Class Wireless Operators (Restricted) Certificate.
(4) The Department of Building opened in March with 30 students; of these 24 completed the year and 17 qualified for year II of the course.
C
O 23
course in
(5) The Department of Engineering opened a
Motor Car Engineering in November with 24 students.
(6) Applications for entry to all courses far exceeded the
accommodation available.
(7) The medium of instruction in Wireless Telegraphy and Building is English, students being recruited from Class III or above, practically all coming from Schools in the Colony.
(8) Owing to the lack of suitably trained Chinese Instruc- tors, it was also necessary to make a knowledge of English a condition of entry to the Motor Car Course.
(9) Attendance Figures for the various departments were as
follows:
Department of Wireless Telegraphy
Maximum Enrolment
20
(Removed as unlikely to qualify after
2 months)
8
Average Enrolment
15.30
Average Attendance
14.38
Department of Building
Maximum Enrolment
30
Average Enrolment
26.11
Average Attendance
Department of Engineering
Maximum Enrolment Average Enrolment
Average Attendance
25.20
222 223
19.95
Ĝ. WHITE,
Principal,
Trade and Technical Schools.
9. 2. 38.
0 24
Annexe IV.
REPORT BY THE DIRECTOR OF THE
EVENING INSTITUTE, 1937.
Classes opened for seven months and met in Queen's College, Belilios Public School, Trade School, Junior Technical - School, Quarry Bay and Hung Hom for instruction in the following subjects:- English, Field Surveying, Building, Engineering, Ship-building, Hygiene, Pedagogy (English and Vernacular), Book Keeping and Physical Instruction. Owing to lack of students there were no classes in Electrical Engineering. Shorthand classes were again formed in October.
Technical Classes under the Supervisor, Mr. G. White, B.Sc., A.M.I.Mech. E., continue their activities. Students in Building Classes who are recommended by the Supervisor usually secure employment at once, and later have no difficulty in obtaining promotion to the grade of "Apprentice Foreman".
་
Altogether there were 41 classes (same as in 1936) and the number of students enrolled was 871 (781 in 1936).
2. The amount of fees received was $9,378 ($8,645 in 1936). The expenditure was $25,296.38 ($23,958.22 in 1936). The average cost per student was $18.28 ($19.61 in 1936).
J. RALSTON,
Director, Evening Institute.
O 25
Table I.
ABSTRACT STATEMENTS OF SCHOOLS AND SCHOLARS
FOR THE YEAR 1937.
INSTITU-
CONTROLLED INSTITUTIONS.
TIONS
PARTICULARS
NOT
OF INSTITUTIONS.
Secondary. Primary. Vocational. Total.
CON-
TROLLED.
INSTITUTIONS.
Males, European
Mixed
Mixed, European
1
:
1
1
1
:.
:
1
6
77
4
Males, Non-European
62
752
11
825
1
Females, Non-European...
47
290
1
338
Total
110
1,048
14
1,172
5
10
PUPILS ENROLLED.
Males, European
31
31
Mixed
871
871
...
Mixed, European
300
363
663
397
Males, Non-European
10,313
44,612
1,441
56,366
171
Females, Non-European...
6,816
21,502
176
28,494
Total
17,429 66,477 2,519
86,425
568
N.B. Mixed" signifies a School for both boys and girls.
A Roman Catholic Seminary at Shaukiwan is now classified for
the first time as 'Male, European,'
0 26
Table II.
SCHOOLS AND SCHOLARS FOR THE YEAR 1937.
GRANT-IN-AID
GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.
AND SUBSIDIZED
SCHOOLS.
UNAIDED SCHOOLS.
CLASS OF
INSTITUTIONS.
No. of Institu- tions.
On
Roll.
No. of Institu-
On Roll.
tions.
No. of Institu- tions.
On Roll,
ENGLISH :--
Secondary,
4
2,272
14
7,341
877
Primary,
10
1,751
255
117
4,983
Vocational,
3 1,061
7
465
Total,
17
5,084
16
7,596
129
6,325
VERNACULAR :~
Secondary,
1
240
10 1,565
77
5,305
Primary,
100
276
19,253
646
40,532
Vocational,
2
219
1
472
1
302
Total,
4
559
287 21,290) 724 46,139
Total No. of Institutions
1,177.
Total On Roll
86,993.
N.B.--Kindergarten boys attending Grant-in-Aid Schools for Girls are not shown
separately.
NAME AND NATURE.
- O 27
Table III.
GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.
STAFF.
Maximum Average
Monthly At- English Vernacular Enrolment tendance. Teachers. Teachers.
Rate of Fees per annum
or
Collected Fees.
per mensem.
ENGLISH SCHOOLS.
Central British School-for children of European British Parentage. Primary and Secondary
Peak School for children of European British
Parentage. Primary
Kowloon Junior and Quarry Bay Schools-for children
of European British Parentage. Primary
19
300
257
5
:
:
$90 per annum.
22,955.00
83
65
$105 per annum.
7,630.00
12
215
176
$60
11,970.00
per annum.
Queen's College and King's College-mainly for Chinese and Indians. Prepare for Hong Kong University Matriculation
62
14
1,412
1,323
$120
98,755.50
per annum.
Ellis Kadoorie, Wantsai, and Yaumati Schools-for Chinese. Prepare for Upper School at Queen's College and King's College
($60 for Lower
Classes)
35
910
852
$5
47,315.00
per mensem.
Belilios Public School-mainly for Chinese. Primary
and Secondary
20
12
560
521
$4
24,516.00
per mensem.
Junior Technical School-for Chinese. Vocational
9
...
118
110
$3
4,272.75
per mensem.
Trade School-for Chinese. Vocational
72
60
$5
1,505.00
per mensem.
Gap Road School for Chinese. Primary
6
2
180
165
$5
9,307.00
per mensem.
Ellis Kadoorie School for Indians-prepare for Upper
School, Queen's College
10
200
192
$2
4,795.00
per mensem.
Tai Po School-Elementary English for Chinese.
Primary
1
103
92
$1
945.00
per mensem.
Cheung Chau School Elementary English for
Chinese. Primary
4
1
60
53
50 cents
275.50
VERNACULAR SCHOOLS.
Vernacular Middle School
5
12
240
231
per mensem.
Middle Division $8, Higher Primary Division $6,
Normal
Division $2
per mensem.
16,806.00
Vernacular Normal School for Women
10
176
160
$2 per mensem.
4,376.00
Vernacular Normal School at Taipo
N
43
38
Free.
...
Un Long School. Primary
3
2
100
91
50 cents
514.50
per mensem.
TOTAL
198
65
4,772
4,386
255,938.25
:
O 28
Table IV.
CONTROLLED SCHOOLS IN RECEIPT OF A GRANT UNDER
THE GRANT CODE.
ENGLISH SCHOOLS.
No.
Name and Nature of
Mission.
School.
Number of
Classes.
School Days.
Number of
Maximum
Monthly Enrolment.
Attendance.
Average
CAPITATION GRANT.
Total Capitation
Grants
1
2
Higher
Remove
Classes.
Classes.
3 Lower Classes.
Rate.
of Columns
Remarks.
1, 2 & 3.
Average
Average
Attendance. Attendance.
Average Attendance.
1.
Diocesan Boys' School
2.
St. Joseph's College
C. of E.
R.C.M.
/372 418
358
82
202
74
40
14,320
1/871 717
649
92
391
166
40
25,960
3.
La Salle College
/388 905
835
138
508
189
40
33.400
4.
St. Paul's College
C.M.S.
/366
406
301
55
146
100
40
12,040
.5.
Wah Yan College
J.F.
/373
919
852
162
506
184
40
34,080
6.
Wah Yan Branch School.
6
/392
487
454
294
160
40
18,160
7.
Ying Wa College
L.M.S.
/392
294
255
26
124
105
40
10,200
4,146 3,704
555
2,171
978
148,160
1.
Diocesan Girls' School
C. of E.
8 & Inf.
/380
338
306
65
173
68
2.
French Convent School
R.C.M.
8 & Inf.
/382 469
406
95
210
101
3.
Italian Convent School
8 & Inf.
/378
588
544
81
370
93
4.
St. Francis' School
4 & Inf.
"
1/876 172
151
111
40
5.
St. Mary's School
8 & Inf.
1/394 710
604
58
366
180
35
6.
St. Stephen's Girls' Coll. C.M.S.
8 & Inf.
1/870
291
255
46
142
67
35
10 10 10 10 10 10
35
10,710
35
14,210
35
19,040
35
5,285
21,140
8,925
7.
Diocesan Girls' Jun. Sch. C. of E.
Infant
1/377 83
57
57
35
1,995
8.
Maryknoll Convent School R.C.M.
8 & Inf.
/379 422
347
22
195
130
35
12,145
3,073 2,670
367
1,567
736
93,450
DESCRIPTION.
VERNACULAR SCHOOLS.
(Upper Grade.)
SCHOOL STATISTICS.
Principal Grant.
No.
Mission.
Name and Nature.
Number of Standards.
Number Maximum
of School Monthly Average
Days. Enrolment Attendance
Rate.
Total.
$
1. Heep Yunn Girls' School. C.M.S.
12
186
340
215
14
3,010
2.
Ying Wa Girls' School
L.M.S.
12
387
449
402
14
5,628
14
3. St. Paul's Girls' School
C.M.S.
12
234
291
248
3,472
Grand Total
1,080
865
8,299
7,239
12.110
253.720
-
NOTE.-R.C. Roman Catholic. L.M.S.London Missionary Society. C. of E. Church of England. C.M.S. Church Missionary Society
J.F. Jesuit Fathers.
.......
O 29
Table V.
AMOUNTS OF FEES REMITTED IN GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS DURING 1937.
Queen's College
$ 7,020.00
King's College
6,410.00
Belilios Public School
2,752.00
Ellis Kadoorie School
1,820.00
Yaumati School
Wantsai School
Gap Road School
Tai Po School
3,925.00
650.00
1,070.00
162.00
Un Long School
39.00
Cheung Chau School
47.00
Vernacular Middle School
1,278.00
Women Vernacular Normal School
168.00
Taipo Normal School
Ellis Kadoorie Indian School
Junior Technical School
120.00
105.00
Trade School
Central British School
2,010.00
Quarry Bay School
Peak School
Kowloon Junior School
140.00
Total
$27,716.00
Table VI.
TABLE SHOWING SCALES OF FEES, AMOUNTS OF FEES REMITTED, SCHOLARSHIPS PAID OUT OF FEE INCOME AND THE PERCENTAGE OF WORKING EXPENSES PAID OUT OF FEE INCOME FOR THE YEAR 1987 IN THE GRANT IN AID SCHOOLS AND MUNSANG COLLEGE.
Name of School,
Scale of Fees.
Scholarships Remitted during paid out of Fee Income during
Amount of Fees
1937.
Percentage of working expenses paid out of Fee Income during
ENGLISH SCHOOLS,-BOYS.
1. Diocesan Boys' School..Classes 1-4 Boarders $140 per quarter.
Class
Day Boys $ 42
""
5. Boarders $134
Day Boys $ 36
Class 6. Boarders $128
Day Boys $ 30
¡Class 7. Boarders $122
Day Boys $ 24
Class 8. Boarders $116
**
"
"
"3
""
""
11
>>
>>
>>
Day Boys $ 18 ENTRANCE FEE, $10
2. St. Joseph's College ....Classes 1-3. $8.00 per month.
''
Chinese or French $1.00 per month.
1937.
1937.
$9,905.00
Nil.
84.2%
$9,495.00
Nil.
54.2%
30-
Classes 4-8. $5.00
3. La Salle College
Classes 1-3. $8.00 per month.
$15,660.00
$108.00
73.49%
Classes 4-8. $5.00
>>
Chinese or French $1.00 per month. Entrance Fee, $5.00.
(
Extras, $3.50 per annum.
}
Table VI,-Continued.
TABLE SHOWING SCALES OF FEES, AMOUNTS OF FEES REMITTED, SCHOLARSHIPS PAID OUT OF FEE INCOME AND THE PERCENTAGE OF WORKING EXPENSES PAID OUT OF FEE INCOME FOR THE YEAR 1937 IN THE GRANT IN AID SCHOOLS AND MUNSANG COLLEGE.
Name of School,
Scale of Fees.
Amount of Fees Remitted during 1937.
Scholarships paid out of Fee Income during 1937.
Percentage of working expenses paid out of Fee Income during
1937.
31
4. St. Paul's College
Class 3.
ENGLISH SCHOOLS,-BOYS.
Classes 1-2 & Commercial. $110 per annum.
$105 per annum.
$275.00
$1,424.00
63.9%
Class 4.
$ 90
Class 5. $ 81
""
Classes 6, 7 & 8A. $60 per annum.
Class 8B. $24 per annum.
5. Wah Yan College
Classes 1-3. $120 per annum.
$8,653.00
$948.00
74.6%
Classes 4-8. $ 72
Extras, $6.00 per annum.
Entrance Fee, $5.00..
6. Wah Yan Branch School Class 3. $8 per month.
$3,690.00
$456.00
60.8%
Classes 4-8. $5
7. Ying Wa College
Classes 1-3. $90 per annum.
$1,688.76
$618.00
71.0%
Class 4. $72 Classes 5-6. $60 Classes 7-8. $44
2}
11
>>
:
Table VI,-Continued.
TABLE SHOWING SCALES OF FEES, AMOUNTS OF FEES REMITTED, SCHOLARSHIPS PAID OUT OF FEE INCOME AND THE PERCENTAGE OF WORKING EXPENSES PAID OUT OF FEE INCOME FOR THE YEAR 1937 IN THE GRANT IN AID SCHOOLS AND MUNSANG COLLEGE.
Name of School.
Scale of Fees.
Remitted during Amount of Fees
1937.
Scholarships paid out of Fee Income during 1937.
Fercentage of working expenses paid out of Fee Income during
1937.
ENGLISH SCHOOLS,-GIRLS.
1. Diocesan Girls' School..Classes 1-2. $38.00 per quarter.
$6,182.50
$240.00
77.65%
Classes 3-5 (Remove) $32.00 per quarter. Classes 5-6. $24.50 per quarter. Classes 7-8 $20.00
Kindergarten. $18.00 per quarter.
2 French Convent School. Classes 1-2. $10.00 per month.
Class 3. $ 9.00
""
""
Class 4. $ 8.00 Class 5. $ 7.00
""
""
Classes 6-8. $ 5.00
Preparatory Classes $6.00 per month. Kindergarten Classes $4.00
""
3. Italian Convent School. Classes 1- 2. $32.00 per term.
Classes 3- 4. $28.00 Classes 5- 6. $24.00
Classes 7- 8. $20.00
""
Classes 9-10. $16.00
""
วง
$2,654.00
Nil.
62.0%
$8,952.00
Nil.
50.5%
32
-
Table VI,-Continued.
TABLE SHOWING SCALES OF FEES, AMOUNTS OF FEES REMITTED, SCHOLARSHIPS PAID OUT OF FEE INCOME AND THE PERCENTAGE OF WORKING EXPENSES PAID OUT OF FEE INCOME FOR THE YEAR 1937 IN THE GRANT IN AID SCHOOLS AND MUNSANG COLLEGE.
Name of School.
Scale of Fees.
Remitted during Amount of Fees
1937.
Scholarships paid out of Fee Income during 1937.
Percentage of working expenses paid out of Fee Income during 1937.
33
4. St. Francis' School
Classes 5-6. $5.00 per month. Classes 7-8. $4.00
$2,112.00
$30.00
40.0%
22
Class 9. $4.00
Infants Classes $3.00 per month.
5. St. Mary's School
Classes 1-2. $8 per month.
$9,888.00
Nil.
10.94%
Classes 3-4. $7
"2
Classes 5-6, $6
6. St. Stephen's Girls' College
Classes 7-8. $5 Kindergarten $5
""
""
+1
Forms 1-2. $50 per Term.
$25,655.30
$683.00
100%
Forms
3-5. $45
**
Forms
6-7. $35
Forms 8-9. $25
Kindergarten $16
''
7. Diocesan Girls' Junior School 8. Maryknoll Convent Sch. Classes 1- 2. Classes 3- 6. $72 Classes 7-10. $60 Kindergarten $60
Infant Classes $18.00 per quarter.
$84 per annum.
""
11
""
"
$216.00
Nil.
78.50%
$6,000.00
Nil.
36.50%
Table VI,-Continued.
TABLE SHOWING SCALES OF FEES, AMOUNTS OF FEES REMITTED, SCHOLARSHIPS PAID OUT OF FEE INCOME AND THE PERCENTAGE OF WORKING EXPENSES PAID OUT OF FEE INCOME FOR THE YEAR 1937 IN THE GRANT IN AID SCHOOLS AND MUNSANG COLLEGE.
Name of School.
Scale of Fees.
Amount of Fees: Remitted during 1937.
Scholarships paid out of Fee Income during 1937.
Percentage of working expenses paid out of Fee Income during 1937.
VERNACULAR SCHOOLS,-GIRLS.
1. Heep Yunn School
Senior Middle. $87.00 per annum.
$3,059.00
$3,060.20
84.%
Junior Middle. $69.00
"}
Upper Primary. $46.50
''
""
Lower Primary IV. $45.00 per annum. Lower Primary I-III. $30.00 per annum. Kindergarten $27.00 per annum.
$330.50
Nil.
76%
2. Ying Wa Girls' School. Upper Middle. $81 per annum.
Lower Middle. $72 Upper Primary. $60
""
""
"}
Lower Primary 3-4. $51 per annum.
"J
1-2. $45
Kindergarten. $36 per annum.
3. St. Paul's Girls' School Senior Middle. $105. per annum.
Junior Middle. $ 75.
"}
Upper Primary. 6-5. $60 per annum.
Lower Primary 4-1. $51
Kindergarten. $45 per annum.
34
$2,926.00
Nil.
55%
Table VI,-Continued.
TABLE SHOWING SCALES OF FEES, AMOUNTS OF FEES REMITTED, SCHOLARSHIPS PAID OUT OF FEE INCOME AND THE PERCENTAGE OF WORKING EXPENSES PAID OUT OF FEE INCOME FOR THE YEAR 1937 IN THE GRANT IN AID SCHOOLS AND MUNSANG COLLEGE.
Name of School.
Scale of Fees.
Amount of Fees Remitted during
Scholarships paid out of Fee Income during
1937.
1937.
Percentage of working expenses paid out of Fee Income during
1937.
MUNSANG COLLEGE.
* Munsang College
Senior Middle. $100.00 per annum. Junior Middle. $ 80.00
$2,000.00
$120.00
65%
าร
Primary. Kindergarten.
$ 40.00
$ 30.00
">
* This College is eligible for a special grant of $6,000 in respect of 1937.
35 -
0 36
Table VII.
UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION, JUNE, 1937.
Centre: Hong Kong.
Entered Passed Failed Absent
King's College
58
41
16
1
Queen's College
49
28
19
2
St. Joseph's College
26
15
10
Wah Yan College
35
28
7
Diocesan Boys' School
28
19
St. Stephen's College
27
20
1
La Salle College
37
22
St. Paul's College
.16
1
Central British School
9
5
Ying Wa College
12
10
Munsang College
3
Vernacular Middle School
1
1
Wah Tai College
24
1
Chung Nan College
1-
Ching Hua College
Italian Convent School
19
17
Belilios Public School
20
12
French Convent School
13
6
Diocesan Girls' School
22
11
St. Stephen's Girls' College
19
12
1610700
1
St. Mary's School
12
12
Ying Wa Girls' School
Holy Spirit School
Maryknoll Convent School
Private Study
O co co os
3
55
~ ∞ ∞ ∞
3
43
Total
Outports:
516
281 217
18
Shanghai
Kuala Lumpur
10
11.
10
++
5
1
3
Total
21
8
9
4
O 37
Table VIII.
Total Enrolment in all Government, Grant and Private Schools and Evening Institute,
English Schools:-Dotted line.
Vernacular Schools:-Black.
70.000
1913. 1914. 1915. 1916. 1917. 1918. 1919. 1920.1921. 1922. 1923. 1924. 1925.1926. 1927. 1928. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935.1986. 1937.
69,000
68,000
67,000
66,000
65,000
64,000
63,000
62,000
61,000
60,000
59,000
58,000
57,000
56,000
55,000
54,000
53,000
52,000
51,435
51,000
50,000
49,000
48,000
47,000
46.000
15,000
55,3121
54,880
53.687
58,394
61,700
67,988
52,000
51,000
50,000
49,000
48,000
47,000
46.000
45,000
14,000
43.322
43,000
42,610
42,000
41,000
40,000
39,000
38,000
37,000
37,244
36,000
35,000
34,000
33,000
32,953
32,000
31,000
30,000
29.000
29,010
28,922
28,000
27,000
26,000
27,136
25,484
25,000
24,000
23/610
23,000
22,000
21.000
20,000
19.000
48,436
51,435
Appendix Q.
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS
FOR THE YEAR 1937.
During the year under review the operations of the Public Works Department were carried out, under a Head Office Staff, by eleven sub-departments, namely the Accounts and Stores, Architectural, Buildings Ordinance, Crown Lands and Surveys, Drainage, Electrical, Port Development, Roads and Transport, Valuations and Resumptions, Waterworks Construction and Waterworks Maintenance offices.
2. The European staff comprised 149 officers and the non- European approximately 638.
3. The following is a summary of works carried out during the year:-
BUILDINGS.
4. Works completed were:-Queen Mary Hospital with Staff Quarters; Wanchai Market; wholesale Market at Kennedy Town; Stanley Market; Postal Kiosk at Stanley; Wireless Telegraph Station at Hung Hom; Sports Pavilion at Central British School; Kam Wah Street Latrine; Shelter and Car Park at Garden Road; Car Shelters at Stanley Prison; Ta Ku Ling Police Station; Latrine at Tsun Wan Market; Barricades to Police Stations in the New Territories and the demolition of the old Central Market, old Wanchai Market and Queen's Gardens.
5. Works under construction were:-Government Stores and Workshops; additional block of flats at Stanley Prison and the new Central Market.
6. In addition to general maintenance, numerous minor alterations, improvements and additions were executed to Gov- ernment Buildings during the year and repairs of varying magnitude were carried out to practically all Government Build- ings damaged by a severe typhoon on 2nd. September.
- Q 2
COMMUNICATIONS.
7. Works completed were:-Cutting and filling of the section of road adjoining Inland Lots Nos. 3685 & 3686, Blue Pool Road; widening of that portion of Garden Road between the Lower Peak Tram Station and the Helena May Institute; raising the first section of Electric Road to new Town Planning levels; Magazine Gap Road was widened and a Car Park constructed at the junction of this road with Bowen Road; surfacing of Sai Kung Road from Sam Tack Road to Field Cottage site; improvements to Sha Tin Pass Road; road to Smuggler's Pass and road from Au Tau to Shek Kong.
8. Works under construction were: -widening and surfacing of Customs Pass Road; surfacing of Sai Kung Road from Field Cottage site to Customs Pass Road; strengthening of bridges at Tsun Wan, Tsing Lung Tau, Tai Lam Chung (small bridge); rebuilding of a large bridge at Tai Lam Chung, surfacing of road to Smuggler's Pass and approach road to Tsun Wan Cemetery.
DRAINAGE.
9. In Hong Kong, new main sewers and storm water drains to a length of 5,361 feet and new open channels of varying sections to a length of 717 feet were laid. In addition, 188 feet of existing nullah was decked over and 142 feet of main storm water drain previously inverted was completed. In Kowloon, New Kowloon and New Territories, new main sewers and storm water drains to a length of 6,414 feet, and new open channels of varying sections to a length of 528 feet were laid. Nullah walling was constructed to proper height and parapet walling built for a length of 500 feet.
10. Anti-Malarial work was continued in Hong Kong by the letting of two new contracts, one for an area between the two reservoirs at Aberdeen, the other in the vicinity of Pokfulam between the Queen Mary Hospital and Sandy Bay. Although these contracts were not let until late in the year good progress was made on preliminary work and excavation, and at Aberdeen area 300 feet of main channel was constructed. A 3,000 gallon reservoir with a "De Villiers" automatic syphon sluice was erected near Mount Cameron Road, and minor channelling was laid near Inland Lot No. 2441, Victoria Road. In Kowloon, several short lengths of channelling were laid as requested by the Government Malariologist. In New Kowloon, working on training the stream-course west of New Kowloon Inland Lot No. 1969 ai Ngau Shi Wan was commenced in November. A length of 150 feet of 36" diameter channel was completed. Filling to the amount of 1,200 cubic yards was also completed and an area of 300 super yards was turfed.
V
Q3
WATER WORKS.
11. On the maintenance side the following works were, carried out:
12. In Hong Kong the following lengths of new mains were laid to improve distribution:-120 feet of 15′′, 287 feet of 10′′, 1,105 feet of 6", 144 feet of 5′′, 2,271 feet of 4", 2,211 feet of 3′′, 904 feet of 2′′. 3,624 feet of subsidiary mains were laid in back lanes. The Stanley water Supply Scheme was completed. Construction of a 50,000 gallon covered service reservoir for Repulse Bay commenced.
13. In Kowloon and New Kowloon the following lengths of mains were laid:-1,367 feet of 12′′, 1,724 feet of 6′′ and 3,607 feet of subsidiary mains in back lanes.
14. In the New Territories mains were laid as follows: 5,907 feet of 4" at Tsun Wan, 780 feet of 3" at Taipo and 364 feet of subsidiary mains in back lanes.
15. The Jubilee Reservoir at Shing Mun was taken over from the Consulting Engineers on 1st. May. Certain defects in Pineapple Pass Dam were discovered in September and were referred to the Consulting Engineers whose final decision had not been received at the close of the year.
16. The disastrous typhoon of 2nd. September caused only minor damage to Water Works.
17. During the year experimental waste detection work was carried out and reports were submitted to Government with a view to the establishment of a permanent waste detection branch.
18. On the construction side the following works were carried out:·
19. The laying of the first section of the second 24′′ diameter trunk main from the Shing Mun Valley between Shek Lai Pui Service Reseroir and Waterloo Road was completed and brought into use in July.
20. The total length of main laid was 16,876 feet of which 16,286 feet consisted of new pipes.
21. The third section of the rapid gravity filters for the Shing Mun Valley Scheme was completed and brought into use in July. With the completion of this section, which deals with five million gallons per day the total filtration capacity of the plant is now fifteen million gallons per day. Provision has been made for the addition of a further five million gallons per day at a future date.
-Q 4
-
22. The following works in connection with a general extension of the Water Works and described in Sessional Paper No. 3/1937 were approved by the Secretary of State: -Supply to Albany; Supply to Peak Road; new Cross Harbour Pipes; rapid gravity filters at Eastern, Kowloon Tsai Service Reservoir and Supply Mains thereto, Distribution-Island and Mainland and Shing Mun Valley Scheme Catchwaters.
23. Of the above a contract was let in October for the first section of the Shing Mun Catchwaters, on which good progress was made; pipes and specials were ordered through the Crown Agents for the Cross Harbour Pipes; of the remaining items work was mainly restricted to preliminary investigations, designs, detailed estimates and the preparation of contract documents.
RECLAMATIONS.
24. At North Point and Kennedy Town, areas of about 0.75 acres and 1 acre respectively were reclaimed by free deposits of building debris. At Kun Tong an area of about 2 acres has now been reclaimed by the depositing of town's refuse by the Urban Council.
25. Extensive repairs were carried out to piers and seawalls which were damaged in the typhoon of 2nd. September. At Lai Chi Kok a length of 750 lineal feet of seawall was reconstructed.
ELECTRIC WORKS.
26. Wireless: -Aerial systems were renewed and improved at Cape D'Aguilar Transmitting Station; the re-broadcasting receiver at Victoria Peak was improved, and special aerials were erected; a Lamson pneumatic tube was installed to facilitate communication between the Royal Observatory and the Kowloon Wireless Telegraph Station; a new receiver and several new batteries were fitted at Water Police Stations; an experimental transmitter of increased power was constructed for alternative broadcast programmes and one new lattice work mast erected.
was
27. Hospital appraratus from the Government Civil Hospital was removed, repaired and installed at Queen Mary Hospital.
28. Lighting, power and telephones: -Lights, fans, lifts, telephones and bells in Government Buildings were maintained in good order; two submarine cables were repaired; lines were run, and telephones fitted in various offices and hospitals and alarm bells were fitted in hospitals and gaols.
29. Work on new electrical installations at the following places was in hand:-Queen Mary Hospital; Wanchai Market; Stanley Village Market; Victoria Gaol and Guards' Quarters at Wyndhan Street; Government Civil Hospital; Stanley Prison; Kennedy Town Market; Western Market; new Broadcasting Station; Central British School; Kowloon City Police Station and new Wireless Station Hung Hom. Improvements and additions were carried out in forty-seven buildings in Hong Kong and fifteen in Kowloon.
30. One cross harbour submarine cable was laid.
BUILDINGS ORDINANCE OFFICE.
31. The volume of new building work coming under the jurisdiction of the Buildings Ordinance 1935 shewed a slight decrease in comparison with the figures for 1936.
32. Plans for alterations and additions to existing buildings again comprised the major part of plans deposited: There was an increase in the number of European houses but a decrease in the number of Chinese tenement type houses dealt with. Buildings of a non-domestic character shewed an increase. (See Table XIV).
33. The large increase in the cost of building material which occurred toward the middle of the year was reflected in a marked falling off in the number of plans deposited during the last quarter.
34. Attention is drawn to the graphs embodied in this Report indicating the number of plans (including new works and works of alteration) approved, and the number of domestic buildings completed annually since 1905. (See Tables XVI and XVII).
35. Plans were approved for the following more important works:-Demolition of slum property and rebuilding of a block of modern Chinese type houses, Lyndhurst Terrace and Gage Street; Chinese Restaurant, Wing Lok Street and Bonham Strand West; Chinese Restaurant, Queen's Road West and Possession Street; Super Service Station, Arsenal Street; a block of eighteen Chinese houses, Gloucester, Jaffe and Canal Roads; a block of ten Chinese houses, Morrison Hill Road; European flats Nos. 74 to 76 Macdonnell Road; a block of twelve Chinese houses, Wanchai Road; St. Stephen's Junior School, Stanley; three Godowns, King's Road; New Wharf, Taikoo; Biscuit Factory, Electric Road; Roman Catholic Chapel, Pokfulam; four blocks Chinese Quarters, Dairy Farm, Pokfulam; Printing Factory, King's Road; Ice Store and Garage for Dairy Farm Company, Canton Road; two large Godowns, Canton Road; Pea-nut oil Factory, Castle Peak Road; block of four Chinese houses, Lai Chi Kok Road; a block of ten Chinese houses, Lai
- Q 6
Chi Kok Road; a block of twelve Chinese houses, Reclamation Street; Chinese Restaurant, Shanghai Street; large Godown, Saigon Street; a block of three European houses, Taipo Road; Brewery, Tsun Wan Marine Lot No. 5; eleven European houses, Argyle Street; two blocks of European flats, (comprising in all twelve flats) with garages, Argyle Street; five storey block of flats, Austin Road and Avenue; one pair of European houses, Austin Road; La Salle Junior School, Boundary Street; Cinema Theatre, Carpenter Road; three European houses, Grampian. Road; Church, Hillwood Road; Church and School, Kak Hang Tsun Road; China Light and Power Company Sub-Station, Mă Tau Chung Road; Cracker Factory extension, Pak Tai Street; two pairs European houses, Prince Edward Road; three storey Godown, Pak Tai Street; New Power Station, Tai Wan; a block of twelve Chinese houses, To Kwa Wan Road; Factory for Hong Kong Dairy Supply Company, Waterloo Road.
36. Buildings of importance completed were:-Chinese Restaurant, Wing Lok Street and Bonham Strand West; a block of European flats, Robinson Road; Cold Storage Building, Dairy Farm Company, East Point; Sisters' Quarters, St. Paul's Hospital, Causeway Bay; Church and Hall, Causeway Bay; fourteen Chinese houses, Gloucester, Marsh and Jaffe Roads; eighteen Chinese houses, Gloucester, Stewart and Jaffe Roads; Office Building, 10 Queen's Road Central; Office Building, 9 Queen's Road Central; Hong Kong Electric Company Sub- Station, Chiu Lung Street; Carmelite Sisters' Convent, Stanley; Garden and Swimming Pool, Repulse Bay; three Godowns, King's Road; European type flats, "Hill Crest" The Peak; Printing Factory, King's Road; Private Hospital, Kiu Kiang Street; large extension to Weaving Factory, Un Chau Street; two large Godowns, Hong Kong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company, Canton Road; a block of twelve Chinese houses, Reclamation Street; large Godown, Hong Kong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company, Saigon Street; Girls School, Hau Pui Loong; Church, Waterloo Road; Maryknoll Convent School, Waterloo Road and Boundary Street; Chinese Christian Church, Ma Tau Chung Road; School, Church and Priests' Quarters, Kak Hang Tsun Road.
37. Occupation permits were issued for 116 Chinese tene- ment houses, of these forty were erected in Kowloon and seventy-six on the Island. Occupation permits issued for fifty-seven European type houses of these thirty-eight were erected in Kowloon and nineteen in Hong Kong.
38. A comparative statement of the number and type of buildings in respect of which plans were deposited, is given in Table XIV.
39. The number of water flushed sanitary installations approved amounted to 1,843.
- 07
40. Twelve fires causing structural damage were reported. In a fire which occurred at Nos. 21 to 25 Sa Po Road, the building was completely gutted. The building was a three storey structure with wooden floors, stairs and roofs without egress to roofs.
Four of the inmates were burned to death.
41. During the typhoon of 2nd. September a conflagration broke out at Nos. 131 to 137 Connaught Road West. The buildings were of the early tenement type, and with the exception. of two houses, the roofs, floors and stairs were of wooden construction. Egress to roofs was provided. Practically all the wooden floors and stairs collapsed, but little damage was done to walls. Several lives were lost, but as the ground floors were flooded by heavy seas from the harbour, the cause of death could not be ascertained.
42. It is noted that fires in houses of reinforced concrete construction were confined mostly to the floors in which the outbreak occurred, and in the majority of cases resultant damage was slight.
43. Nineteen collapses were reported, eleven of which occurred as a result of the very severe typhoon experienced on the 2nd. September. The total casualties for the year due to collapses amounted to two. A serious accident occurred during the operation of a piling plant on Kowloon Inland Lot No. 3871, Canton Road. The accident was attributed to an exceptionally severe and sudden gust of wind, which caused the plant to over- turn. Six people were killed and several injured.
44. Three landslips occurred as a result of the heavy rains. One casualty occurred as the result of a quantity of overhanging decomposed granite and boulders falling on to a shed at Tai Kok Tsui (Kowloon Quarry No. 14).
45. Plans were approved for the construction of a seawall and the reclamation of an area comprising 2,137,000 square feet at Tsun Wan Marine Lot No. 8. Preparation work only was carried out.
46. The Chinese Cemeteries in Hong Kong, Kowloon and New Kowloon were maintained in good order and provision was made for additional burial spaces. An area at Hammer Hill was gazetted as an urning ground, and preliminary survey work was carried out with a view to making this area available in 1939, on which date it is expected Aplichau will be unable to accommodate any additional urns. Very few burials took place at Ho Man Tin or Cheung Sha Wan, the main volume going to No. 7 Cemetery (Customs Pass). Chai Wan Cemetery is rapidly approaching saturation point, and it was found necessary to gazette a new area (Chai Wan Extension) which is in course of formation. Usual maintenance and minor works were executed in Kai Lung Wan and Mount Caroline Cemeteries.
Q 8
47. Table XV shews the number of notices dealt with in connection with dangerous structures and miscellaneous works, private street improvements and nuisances.
VALUATIONS AND RESUMPTIONS.
48. The total valuations made comprised 768 hereditaments with a total estimated value of $11,130,106.06.
49. Valuations were made for the purpose of resumption for street widenings and the development of areas in accordance with the approved Town Planning Scheme, for anti-malarial works, estate duty and sundry other purposes. Table XVIII shows the resumptions actually effected.
50. Valuations comprising 626 hereditaments with a total estimated value of $9,432,680.00 were made for sundry Govern- ment Departments.
TOWN PLANNING.
51. Schemes in connection with the following developments were prepared:-A residential development at the southern end of Wongneichong Valley, a layout for a Leprosarium for the purpose of estimating the area of site, a residential development for an area east of Repulse Bay Road, a revision of the layout at Tsun Wan, a scheme for development of Beaconsfield Arcade site as a garden, a revision of the layout at Stanley Village.
EXPENDITURE.
52. The expenditure on Public Works has increased con- siderably during the last three decades. The average annual expenditure during the year 1908 to 1917 was $2,205,135, from 1918 to 1927 it was $6,595,371, whilst from 1928 to 1937 the average annual expenditure has been $8,356,074.
53. Tables I, II and III at the end of this Report give various comparative statements of expenditure.
9
PUBLIC WORKS RECURRENT.
The following is a summary of works carried out under this vote:
HONG KONG.
54. Maintenance of Buildings:-Government Buildings were kept in
a good state of repair. Painting, colourwashing and repairs in accordance with the recurring programme were carried out to one hundred and twenty-nine buildings. Major repairs included the following:-Government House-flat roof and ceiling of ballroom repaired, kitchen repaired and colour- washed, matsheds erected for a reception in honour of His Majesty the King's Birthday, crush hall painted, Queen's College-roofs repaired, Colonial Secretary's Office-floors re- paired, canvas sunshades renewed, Central Police Station- ceilings repaired, Harbour Office-typhoon signal mast repaired, Western Market north block-stalls renewed in concrete, Western Market south block-two tanks renewed, Tsan Yuk Hospital- flat roofs repaired, Government Civil Hospital-general repairs were carried out when this building was re-opened to receive cholera patients, King's College-ceiling of assembly hall repaired, Vernacular Middle School-entrance gate repaired, Kennedy Town Slaughter House-crematorium repaired, Wong- neichong Temporary Market-matshed roof renewed, Lockhart Road Market fence renewed in concrete, Mounted Infantry Horse Lines to Sookunpoo-roof repaired, Mountain Lodge- paths repaired, 157 The Peak-roof repaired, 160 The Peak— colourwashed internally, stove renewed, 403, 404, and 405 The Peak-roofs repaired, 407 The Peak-pitched roof removed and a reinforced concrete flat roof constructed, 410 The Peak- colourwashed internally.
Repairs due to white-ant damage were carried out to the following buildings:-Government House, Old Harbour Office, Queen's College, King's College, No. 7 Police Station, Kennedy Town Hospital, Shek Tong Tsui Market, Sookunpoo Market, Sookunpoo Indian School, Shaukiwan Market, Wanchai School, No. 7 Ventris Road, Kennedy Road Laundries, Aberdeen Police Station, Stanley Police Station, Pokfulam Police Station, Villa Miramere, Gough Hill Police Station, Homestead Flats.
Electrical installations were maintained in good order; 1,663 fans and 370 radiators were cleaned and overhauled. Forty-five fans and motors were rewound and thirty-six radiators were fitted with new elements. Additions and alterations to twenty- eight lights and power points were made in nine buildings. Typhoon lanterns at Lyemun, Gough Hill, Harbour Office, Waglan and Gap Rock Lighthouses were maintained in good
Q 10
order. Electrical installations in 116 buildings were tested, and eighty-two inventories of electrical fittings were issued and revised. Fire alarm, bell and lightning conductor systems were maintained in a satisfactory manner.
Expenditure
$199,321.15
55. Improvements to Buildings:-The principal improve- inents carried out were Government House-two new mantel pieces and grates installed, ladies lavatory enlarged, Supreme Court-new strong room built, General Post Office-balconies altered, counter in Treasury altered to give increased public space, Buildings Ordinance Office-new
Office-new partitions erected, Drainage Office-new flooring laid, Colonial Secretary's Office- partitions altered, Vernacular Middle School-new gateway and steps erected, Tsan Yuk Hospital-new partition erected, new sanitary fittings installed, Hawkers' Office Leighton Hill Road- flush watercloset installed, shades to doorways erected, Sai Wan Ho Market-disused latrine converted to store room, No. 2 Police Station-concrete shades constructed over charge room doors, Violet Peel Health Centre-dark room formed, Leighton Hill Quarters-netting to tennis court extended, Nos. 3 and 4 Ventris Road, division wall erected in yard, Aberdeen Police Station-flush system installed, 297 The Peak new sink installed, drying area formed, 465 The Peak-windows altered, grilles fixed, 525 The Peak-windows altered.
Expenditure
$11,591.65
56. Roads and Bridges in City (Maintenance and Improve- ments):-The surfaces of approximately seventy-one miles of roads were generally maintained in a satisfactory manner.
The following figures show the extent of the operations carried out at the Government Quarry, Tsat Tsz Mui. A total quantity of 13,497 cubic yards of various grades of stones were passed through crushers, of which 6,588 cubic yards were made into tar macadam, 4,017 cubic yards into tar-tops, 163 cubic yards into sand carpeting and 2,729 cubic yards were delivered to various works as the materials came from crushers. 2,197 granolithic paving slabs were provided for footways; fifty-three reinforced concrete standards for railings and thirteen wooden notice boards were made.
The following are particulars of the additional areas laid with improved surfacing:--
Tarring and sanding
21′′ granolithic paving laid on footways
New granite sett surfacing
Square Yards.
4,823
6,300
110
- Q 11 -
A traffic census was taken on some of the main roads in the Inside City district. During a twelve hour period (8 a.m. to 8 p.m.) the following results were obtained and these are shewn compared with the 1936 figures.
1936..
1937.
Street.
Point where census was taken.
Cars
Cars
Lorries
Lorries
and
and
and
and
motor
cycles
motor Buses.
cycles
Buses.
Garden Road
Junction of Murray Barracks.
4584 596 4721 692
Magazine Gap
Road.
May Road junction
1653
20
20
336 12
Stubbs Road
Above Hong Kong Hotel
Garage
637
309 971 346
Queen's Road
West
East of No. 7 Folice Station.
631
1139 639 1189
Des Voeux Road Near Western Street
West
418
375 401 329
Connaught Road Near Western Street
West
128 1065 135
1275
Pokfulam Road
Near Pumping Station
599
317
612
424
Pokfulam Road
South of No. 7 Police Station. 596
310
654 497
Caine Road
Junction of Arbuthnot Road., 2658
400 1201
54
Expenditure
$68,493.34
57. Roads and Bridges Outside City (Maintenance and Improvements):-The surfaces of approximately 102 miles of roads were maintained in a satisfactory manner.
The following are particulars of the additional areas laid with improved surfacing:
Square Yards.
Tarring and sanding
7,152
21" granolithic paving laid on footways
1,071
New sand carpeting
37
6" cement concrete road foundation
70
12
A traffic census was also taken on some of the main roads in the Outside City district. During a twelve hour period (8 a.m. to 8 p.m.) the following results were obtained and these are shewn compared with the 1936 figures.
Street.
Point where census was taken.
1936. Cars !
1937.
Cars
Lorries
Lorries
and
and
and
and
motor
motor
Buses.
Buses.
cycles
cycles
Stubbs Road
Above junction of Bowen
Road
262
198
176 134
Wongneichong
Gap Road
Above junction of Bowen
Road
409
174 438 205
Magazine Gap
Road
Below junction of Stubbs
Road
1136
677
King's Road
Opposite Ming Yuen Garden..
325
301 517
463
Island Road
Bottom of Shaukiwan Hill
254
68
129
86
Island Road
East of Repulse Bay Road
junction
146
59
120
32
52
Island Road
West of Repulse Bay Road
junction
236
128 342
267
Island Road
South of Victoria Road and Pokfulam Road junction
195
251 94
175
Expenditure
$57,268.22
58. Maintenance of Telephones including all Cables: The whole system of communication including main and sub- exchanges, submarine and land cables, aerial routes, telegraph lines and instruments and office inter-communicating systems were maintained in good order. Alterations and improvements were effected to various existing lines. Telephones for Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps' Rifle Ranges were maintained in good order. Bell and telephone circuits were re-arranged in various Government buildings.
Expenditure
$10,710.28
59. Maintenance of Sewers, Nullahs, etc:-Sewers, storm. water drains, and trained nullahs generally were cleansed, repaired and maintained in good condition. Open nullahs and channels in the City of Victoria and in Shaukiwan district were cleansed by the Sanitary Department. Automatic flushing tanks
13
were operated during periods of low tide. Sand deposits were cleared as they occurred. Septic tanks at Lugard Road, Repulse Bay, Deep Water Bay and Farm Lots Nos. 29 and 30 Pokfulam were periodically sludged. The septic tank and its pumping plant on the foreshore at North Point were maintained in working order. Many defective traps, gullies, gratings, etc., were renewed.
Expenditure
$21,673.23
60. Street Lighting:-The total unmber of gas lamps in use at the end of the year in the City and its precincts was 1,806 and in Hill district, 233 the same as in the last year's report. An improvement to the existing lighting in Connaught Road Central was made during the year by increasing the candle power. Under this scheme thirty-three lamps were affected. In the interests of economy an arrangement was made with the Hong Kong and China Gas Company so that throughout the year a number of ninety-five lamps in all, in Barker Road, Belchers Street, Bluff Path, Craigmin Road, Gough Hill Road, Kotewall Road, Magazine Gap Road, Monmouth Path, May Road, Peak Road, Po Shan Road, Victoria Road and Watson Road, were extinguished at midnight instead of at the times specified in the Gas Street Lighting Agreement.
Electric traffic control lights, in the City, seventy-five in number, and traffic island lights, twenty-seven in number, were maintained in working order.
The total number of electric street lamps in use at the end of the year in the City, Outside City and Peak districts was as follows:
Street lamps, etc.
Pier Lamps
Public Latrine Lamps
884
45
114
In addition to these, the Taikoo Dockyard and Engineering Company of Hong Kong provide ten lamps, each having a cluster of three-100 C.P. incandescent lamps for lighting the roads adjacent to their property.
An arrangement, similar to that made with the Hong Kong and China Gas Company for the extinguishing at midnight of 313 lamps was made with the Hong Kong Electric Company. The following were the roads affected:-Borrett Road, Bowen Road, Brewin Path, Clovelly Path, Harlech Road, Homestead Path, Lugard Road, Magazine Gap Road, Middle Gap Road,
- Q.14
Mount Cameron Road, Mount Davis Road, Pokfulam Road, Sassoon Road, Stubbs Road and Wanchai Gap. A further eighteen lamps in Tregunter Path were extinguished at 2 a.m.
Traffic control lanterns and traffic beacon lights were main- tained in good order.
Expenditure
$192,322.06
61. Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages:-Repairs of varying magnitude were carried to practically all Government buildings. Minor landslides were common and entailed a considerable amount of excavation and trimming to prevent recurrences. Sand, silt and boulders were removed from nullahs, culverts and channels. Damages were made good to various septic tanks and channels.
Repairs were carried out to the following piers:-Arsenal Street, Blake, Fenwick Street, Green Island Lighthouse, Murray, Queen's, Sai Wan Ho and Wilmer Street. Damages to seawalls and other marine structures were also made good. A considerable number of public street gas lamps were also effected. Damages to electric lights and wiring at Government Schools, Police and Wireless Stations, Queen Mary Hospital, Gaol at Stanley, Senior Officers' Quarters at the Peak and markets were repaired. Numerous telephone poles and lines on the island of Hong Kong also required replacement or repair.
Expenditure
$215,993.81
62. Maintenance of City and Hill District Water Works:- The year opened with a constant supply, but on 15th February the supply was limited to fifteen hours per day (6 a.m.-9 p.m.). With the exception of five days constant supply during the Coronation Celebrations, this restriction remained in force until 5th July. From 6th July until the end of the year a constant supply was given. During the year therefore, a constant supply was maintained for 229 days compared with 152 days in 1936.
The mainland supply was in operation throughout the year, 1,559.62 million gallons being delivered into the Garden Service Reservoir, equivalent to an average daily supply of 4.27 million gallons or 30.4% of the total island consumption.
The total quantity of water stored in the impounding reservoirs on 1st January amounted to 1,497.74 million gallons, of which 387.10 million gallons were in the gravitation reservoirs and 1,110.64 million gallons in the lower-level reservoirs requiring pumping. Storage reached a minimum on the 18th May when the total was 550.24 million gallons, 245.91 million gallons being in the gravitation reservoirs.
Q 15
P
The reservoirs were at or over their permanent overflow levels for the following periods:-
Reservoirs.
Capacity to perman-f ent overflow level (million gallons).
Overflow periods.
Tytam
361.79
Tytam Byewash
22.40
Tytam Intermediate.
195.90
Tytam Tuk
1,406.00
Wongneichong
30.34
Pokfulam
66.00
Aberdeen Upper
173.23
Aberdeen Lower
106.89
Total
2,362.55
32 days from 26th June-22nd Septem-
ber.
21 days from 28th June-22nd Septem-
ber.
155 days from 5th
July-6th December.
98 days from 6th July-11th October.
13 days from 5th
July-4th Septem-
ber.
27 days from 5th July-28th Septem-
ber.
83 days from 10th June-28th Septem-
ber.
97 days from 5th
July-9th October.
The reservoirs contained their combined maximum storage on seven days between 6th July and 4th September.
The rainfall (Table XI) amounted to 82.50 inches, being- 12.73 inches more than last year and 2.29 inches lower than the average for the last fifty-four years.
The total quantity of water pumped from Tytam Tuk Reservoir during the year amounted to 1,397.36 million gallons of which 1,370.15 million gallons were pumped by the Simpson Engines, and 27.21 million gallons by the Tangye Engines. This total was less than that of last year by 387.40 million gallons.
– Q 16
The total quantity of filtered water supplied during the year amounted to 5,056.67 million gallons (which includes 1,559.62 million gallons from the Mainland) and 65.73 million gallons unfiltered, making a grand total of 5,122.40 million gallons or 544.85 million gallons more than during 1936.
The total quantity of water pumped for consumption in the High Level District of the City was 189.79 million gallons. equivalent to an average daily consumption of about 520,000 gallons, whilst 69.18 million gallons were pumped to the Peak District giving an average daily consumption of 190,000 gallons.
The turbines and pumping plant at Bowen Road worked satisfactorily and delivered an average daily supply of 114,000 gallons to the 650 feet level Service Reservoir in the High Level District.
The turbines and pumps at the Eastern Filters worked satisfactorily. A daily average of about 108,000 gallons was delivered to the Jardine's Lookout and Middle Gap Service Reservoirs in the High Level Districts.
Apart from some trouble with the motors due to vibration the electrically driven pumps at Middle Gap worked satisfactorily. A daily average of 35,000 gallons was delivered to Mount Cameron Service Reservoir in the Peak District.
Tabulated statements containing particulars of the quantities of water pumped to the High Level District of the City and to the Peak District will be found in Table VII. All pumping units and station buildings have been kept in good order.
The average consumption of filtered water per head per day for all purposes throughout the year was about 31.2 gallons. In arriving at this figure the population has been estimated at 445,000. Details of consumption are given in Tables V and Vi.
945 tap samples of filtered water on the island were examined by the Government Bacteriologist with the following results:
833 shewed B.C.C. absent in 50 C.C.
82 others were above standard.
30 were below standard.
(88.1 %)
( 8.7 %)
(3.2 %)
The analyses by the Government Analyst shewed that the water was of good quality throughout the year. The city supply was treated with 10.6 tons of liquid chlorine and 2.4 tons of chloride of lime which is equivalent to an average admixture of about .575 of a part per million.
- Q17
The work of overhauling the valves on the mains in the city was continued. 257 were repaired on principal mains and ninety-three on sub-mains.
At the end of the year forty-three public stand pipes, 202 pedestal fire hydrants and 666 underground hydrants were in
use.
Particulars of main mileage on the Island are given in Table XII.
New services were constructed or old ones altered, improved, repaired or connected to the mains to the number of 12,458 and forty-eight supplies were laid for building purposes.
The number of inspections of services carried out was 10,177. Defective services were found in 1,038 cases, all of which were put in proper repair after the usual notices had been served.
Particulars of the quantity of water supplied by meters are given in Table VI. The amount of filtered water so supplied was 3,438.00 million gallons, 67.8% of the total consumption of filtered water for the year has therefore been accounted for by meters compared with 65.4% in 1936.
1936. After making allowance for unmetered supplies given through public stand pipes, washing filters, mains and services, meter slip, fires etc. it is estimated that 73.3% of the total consumption has been accounted for.
A considerable amount of experimental waste detection work was carried out and proposals for the establishment of a permanent waste detection branch were submitted to Govern- ment.
Expenditure
$244,257.41
63. Village Water Supplies-(a) Shaukiwan and Chai Wan:- The supply was subjected to restrictions similar to those in force in the City of Victoria. A constant supply was maintained for 229 days.
The total consumption of filtered water from the Chai Wan Filters was 58.09 million gallons which includes 1.76 million gallons supplied to the boat population and 7.28 million gallons to the barracks at Chai Wan, this is equivalent to an average of 159,000 gallons per day. Details of consumption are given in Table VIII. During the dry season the supply was augmented from the city system.
The supply was treated with 14 cwt. of chloride of lime which is equivalent to an average dose of chlorine of about .27 of a part per million.
!
Q 18
There were thirty-eight public stand pipes and twenty-five fire hydrants in use at the end of the year.
(b) Aberdeen:-The supply was subjected to restrictions similar to those in force in the City of Victoria, a constant supply being maintained for 229 days.
The total consumption of filtered water was 51.58 million gallons including 3.40 million gallons supplied through the water boat station and 6.89 million gallons supplied through the 2" cross harbour main to Aplichau. The average consumption was 141,000 gallons per day. Details are given in Table VIII.
The supply was treated with 8 cwt. of chloride of lime which is equivalent to an average dose of chlorine of about .5 of a part per million.
There were eleven public stand pipes and eleven fire hydrants in use at the end of the year.
(c) Repulse Bay:-This supply was included in the High Level District of the City. The consumption recorded by the check meter at Wongneichong Gap amounted to 15.83 million gallons, which is equivalent to an average daily consumption of 43,000 gallons.
use.
There were six fire hydrants and six beach stand pipes in
(d) Stanley:-The supply was subjected to restrictions similar to those in force in the City of Victoria, a constant supply being maintained for 229 days.
The total quantity of filtered water supplied amounted to 44.89 million gallons, equivalent to an average consumption of 123,000 gallons per day. Details are given in Table VIII.
The supply was treated with 250 lbs. of liquid chlorine which is equivalent to an average dose of .56 of a part per mil- lion.
There were sixteen fire hydrants and nine stand pipes in use at the end of the year.
(e) Shouson Hill and Deep Water Bay Golf Club:-A con- stant supply was maintained. The total quantity of unfiltered water supplied was 3.03 million gallons, equivalent to an average daily consumption of 8,300 gallons. Details are given in Table VIII.
Expenditure
$5,550.88
-Q 19
64. Water Meters:-The number of meters examined and repaired was 8,318 of which fifteen were tested in accordance with Regulation 9 of the Water Works Regulations. The number of meters on the island at the end of the year was:
City of Victoria
12,934
Peak District
301
Pokfulam and Mount Davis
95
Aberdeen and Aplichau
87
Shouson Hill and Deep Water Bay Golf Club .....
29
Repulse Bay
32
Stanley and Tytam
80
Shaukiwan
164
Total..
13,722
Expenditure!
$64,274.34
65. Maintenance of Praya Walls and Piers :-Praya walls and piers were maintained in a satisfactory condition. Repairs were carried out to Blake Pier, Fenwick Street Pier, Green Island Gunpowder Depôt Pier, Jubilee Street Pier, Fire Float Berth, Imports and Exports Berth, King Shan Wharf, Murray Pier, Queen's Pier, Sai Wan Ho Pier, Wilmer Street Pier and to five Refuse Boat Piers. The hoists, machinery and ramps of the passenger ferry berths at Jubilee Street Pier were main- tained in good condition.
Expenditure
$16,417.62
66. Maintenance of Public Cemetery:-The Cemeteries were inaintained in a satisfactory manner. New paths in the Colonial Cemetery were laid with 21" granolithic paving.
Expenditure
$937.93
67. Maintenance of Chinese Cemeteries:-Work carried out under this head is covered by paragraph 46 of this Report.
Expenditure
$3,992.25
68. Maintenance of Public Recreation Grounds:-All Gov- ernment playgrounds were maintained in good condition. The use of departmental labour for the purpose of mowing grass, cleansing ditches, etc. was continued.
Expenditure
$1,924.54
- Q 20-
69. Dredging Foreshores:--The working cost and capacity of the two Government Grab Dredgers during the year were as follows:
Particulars.
Grab Dredger No. 1. Grab Dredger No. 2.
Days working
Days working for The Hong Kong and Whampoa Dock Co., Ltd. in con- nection with the salvage of S.S. 'Conte Verde' and S.S. Talamba' at Sai Wan, no out- put being recorded.
Days under repairs...
Cost of repairs and
replacements
Cube yards of silt
removed
All-in cost of remov. ing silt including transportation and deposition but ex- eluding deprecia- tion
275
15
rd. to 13th. Sept. and 18th. October to 8th. November 1987.
$3,353.60
45,390.14
34.93 cents
263
12
1st. to 9th. August,
20th. September to 18th, October, and 15th. to 20th. December, 1937.
$ 4,049.03
43,959.81
38.35 cents
Of the total of 89,849.95 cube yards of silt removed, 76,802 cube yards were dredged from the foreshores and in maintaining depth of water within Causeway Bay Typhoon Shelter, Harbour of Refuge at Yaumati, and alongside Public Piers; 2,595.14 cube yards were dredged on behalf of the Admiralty; whilst 9,952.81 eube yards were dredged in connection with the formation of bed for the New Cross Harbour Water Mains, the cost of which was met by Special Warrant No. 86 of 1937. 6,879.28 cube yards of silt dredged were utilized in covering scavenging refuse dumped at Kun Tong.
Expenditure
$21,698.09
Q 21
70. Stores Depreciation:-The following sums were credited to the vote during the year: $976.40 being rebate on freight charges on stores purchased in England through the Crown Agents for the Colonies: $14,742.73 being the value of goods issued prior to 1937 and returned to store.
The adjustment of stores values, reconditioning of old stores, and transportation of stores etc. amounting to $15,812.22 have been debited to the vote.
The result showed a net expenditure on the vote of $93.09
Expenditure
$93.09.
71. Boundary Stones:-To define the boundaries of 843 lots, 3,022 stones were placed in position.
Expenditure
$4,537.30
72. Survey of Colony:-This is covered in the Report sub- mitted by the Superintendent of Crown Lands and Surveys, vide page 82 et seq.
Expenditure
$2,089.84
73. Maintenance of Vehicles Ferry Pier at Jubilee Street:- The pier and hoists were maintained in good condition, the greater portion of the expense under this head was incurred for the replacement of fendering damaged by the ferry vessels. Ramps and hoisting gears were maintained and operated in a satisfactory manner.
Expenditure
$8,628.01
KOWLOON.
74. Maintenance of Buildings:-Government Buildings were kept in a good state of repair. Painting, colourwashing and repairs in accordance with the recurring programme were carried out to thirty buildings. Major repairs included the following:- Tsim Sha Tsui Police Station-part of timber roof renewed in reinforced concrete, ceilings renewed, approach road repaired, Green Island Depôt-general repairs carried out,
carried out, Royal Observatory-paths repaired, Kowloon Fire Station, Mong Kok- sliding poles erected, gas fittings fixed, Kowloon Magistracy- wire fence erected, Dyer Avenue Bathhouse-water tank renewed.
Q 22
Repairs due to white-ant damage were carried out to the following buildings:-Hung Hom School, old Central British School, Kowloon Disinfecting Station, Police Training School, Yaumati Police Camber.
Electrical installations were maintained in good order; 706 fans and seventy-one radiators were cleaned and overhauled; twenty-six fan motors were rewound and nine radiators were fitted with new elements. Additions and alterations to 211 points were carried out in ten buildings; 1,668 points in twenty- one buildings were tested and eleven inventories of electrical fittings issued and revised. On the premises of the Kowloon- Canton Railway, British Section, the electrical installations in Tsim Sha Tsui Station, Offices and European Quarters were maintained in good order. Additional lights were installed in Hung Hom Signal Cabin, platform, and in the Chief Clerk's Office. One ceiling fan was installed in the Travel Association Kiosk; a large bell and two pushes for the Traffic Office were installed, and lightning conductors at Royal Observatory were repaired. Telephones and alarm bells were removed from old Fire Stations and installed in a New Fire Station at 745 to 747 Nathan Road.
Expenditure
$45,903.84
75. Improvements to Buildings:-The principal improve- ments carried out were:-Green Island Depôt-detonator shed altered, Kowloon Hospital-clerks' office altered, new window fixed, approach road widened, fencing erected, Yaumati Police Station-cell windows altered, Yaumati Camber-new blinds fixed, Kowloon Post Office-new water-closets installed, new shelving fixed, Hung Hom School-new latrines erected, Ma Tau Kok Cattle Depôt Inspector's Quarters-typhoon shutters and bars fixed.
Electrical improvements and additions were carried out in three buildings.
Expenditure
$5,039.00
76. Roads and Bridges (Maintenance and Improvements):- The surfaces of approximately fifty-three miles of roads were maintained in a satisfactory manner. Particulars of the additional areas laid with improved surfacing were:-
Tarring and sanding
..
21" granolithic paving laid on footways Slab paving laid on footways
New dry macadam surfacing
Square yards
34,161
.
5,808
212
31,163
Between the 28th December to 4th January, 1938 a traffic census was taken at the undernoted points. During a twelve hour period (8 a.m. to 8 p.m.) the following results were obtained and these are shewn compared with the 1985 and 1936 figures.
1935.
1936.
1937
·
Street.
Point where Census was taken. Cars and
Lorries
Cars and
Lorries
Cars and
Lorries
Motor
and
Motor
and
Motor
and
Cycles
Buses
Cycles
Buses
Cycles
Buses
Nathan Road
Salisbury Road Junction
1,465
1,120
1,896
1,197
1,979
1,241
Nathan Road
Waterloo Road Junction
2,516
1,681
2,908
1,686
3,133
1,850
Salisbury Road
Nathan Road Junction
1,722
1,433
2,194
1,520
2,390
1,589
Jordan Road
Canton Road Junction
428
1,806
651
1,268
513
1,525
Canton Road
Jordan Road Junction
127
344
115
327
118
466
Waterloo Road
Nathan Road Junction
876
177
1,592
189
1,658
187
Waterloo Road
Shanghai Street Junction
44
87
64
111
53
223
104
Waterloo Road
Prince Edward Road Junction.
918
381
1,329
402
1,327
363
Shanghai Street
Waterloo Road Junction
76
471
127
559
113
655
Shanghai Street
Prince Edward Road Junction.
39
461
53
468
41
520
Prince Edward Road
Shanghai Street Junction
59
359
120
264
65
189
Prince Edward Road
Waterloo Road Junction
617
262
1,012
853
1,025
866
Expenditure
$49,228.88
24
77. Maintenance of Telephones:-Lines and instruments, including those of the Kowloon-Canton Railway, were maintained in good order.
Expenditure
:
$2,509.08
78. Maintenance of Sewers, Nullahs, etc:-Sewers, storm water drains and trained nullahs were cleansed, repaired and maintained in good condition. Open channels and nullahs were cleansed by the Sanitary Department. Sand deposits, as these accumulated, were removed. Many defective traps, gullies, gratings, etc. were replaced.
Expenditure
$7,246.50
79. Street Lighting:-The total number of gas lamps in use at the end of the year, all of which were incandescent, was 581. 682 electric street lamps were in use, an increase of one lamp over the previous year. No extension of street lighting was carried out. Owing to delay in preliminary negotiations the im- provement to lighting in Nathan Road which it was intended to carry out was not commenced.
All traffic control lights were maintained in good order:
Expenditure
$72,255.51
80. Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages:-Repairs to practic- ally all Government buildings of varying magnitude were carried out. Land slips occurred in cuttings on various roads. A number of street lamps were also effected. Sand and silt were removed from nullahs at Cemetery Valley, Gascoigne Road, Mong Kok and Waterloo Road. Damages to the wall at the outfall of Nanchang Street nullah and to an outfall at the end of nullah north of Kowloon Marine Lot No. 72 To Kwa Wan were made good.
Repairs were also carried out to the following piers: -- Kowloon Point Public, Ma Tau Kok Cattle, Ma Tau Kok Refuse, Hung Hom Store and Mong Kok Ferry. Minor repairs were made to Yaumati Waterworks Depôt and other Waterworks buildings.
Damages to electric lights and wiring at Kowloon markets, Royal Observatory, Kowloon Disinfecting Station, Yaumati Slipway. Kowloon City Ferry Pier, Kai Tak Hangar and Kowloon-Canton Railway Pier and Quarters were made good.
Expenditure
$29,268.21
Q 25
81. Maintenance of Water Works:-A constant supply was inaintained throughout the year compared with 223 days in 1936.
The Jubilee Reservoir was officially opened by His Excellency the Governor Sir Andrew Caldecott K.C.M.G. on 30th January.
The effective capacity of this reservoir was rechecked and found to be 2,921.00 million gallons which figure was adopted from 1st January 1938. In September, soon after the reservoir had filled, defects at Pineapple Pass Dam were observed. It was found that the dam had deflected a maximum of eight inches downstream and that leakage amounting to 200,000 gallons per day was taking place. Considerable settlement of the earth embankment and movement of the rock fill backing had taken place and it was considered advisable to cable the Consulting Engineers, Mr. Binnie arrived in the Colony on October 26th and made several inspections. He requested that certain investigations be made to enable him to decide on remedial measures. This was done but no decision had been reached by the end of the year. Leakage at the end of the year, when the reservoir was eighteen feet below overflow level had decreased to 70,000 gallons per day.
The third section of the Paterson Rapid Gravity Filtration Plant at Shek Li Pui was completed and brought into use in July. The total capacity of this plant is now fifteen million gallons per day. The second 24′′ trunk main from Shek Li Pui to Waterloo Road was also completed early in the year and greatly improved distribution.
3,677.87 million gallons were delivered into the Reception Reservoir from Jubilee Reservoir and Smuggler's Pass Intake, but a percentage of this amount could not be stored and ran to waste over the Byewash Reservoir spill way.
A total of 5,019.90 million gallons was filtered, of which 1,386.52 were filtered by the slow sand beds, and the remaining 3,633.38 million gallons by the Paterson Rapid Gravity Plant at Shek Li Pui, of the latter quantity 1,560.23 million gallons were supplied to Hong Kong.
The total quantity of water supplied to Kowloon was 3,362.82 million gallons (exclusive of 96.33 million gallons supplied to water boats at Lai Chi Kok) which gives an average daily consumption of 9.21 million gallons or 24.2 gallons per head per day based on an estimated population of 380,000. Details are given in Table IX.
The quantity of water stored in the impounding reservoirs on 1st January was 2,050.04 million gallons and a minimum of 703.16 million gallons was reached on 17th May, when there were 376.00 million gallons in Jubilee Reservoir.
Q 26
The reservoirs were at or above their permanent overflow levels for the following periods:-
Reservoirs.
Capacity to perman- ent overflow level (million gallons).
Overflow Periods.
Kowloon
352.50
Kowloon Byewash...
185.50
Shek Li Pui
116.10
Shing Mun Recep-
tion
33.15
Jubilee
3,000.00
176 days at various times between 1st January and 31st December.
52 days at various
times between 11th August and 7th October.
39 days at various
times between 23rd August and 7th October.
144 days at various times between 1st January and 31st December.
48 days at various times between 21st August and 9th October.
A maximum total storage capacity of 3,687.25 million gallons was reached on nine days between 23rd August and 7th October.
The quantity of water in storage at the end of the year was 2,937.31 million gallons.
200 tap samples of filtered water were examined by the Government Bacteriologist with the following results:-
195 shewed B.C.C. absent in 50 C.C.
4 others were above standard
1 was below standard
-(97.5%)
(2%)
(0.5%)
These results compared favourably with those obtained in
London and other British cities.
Q.27
The mainland supply was treated with 8.6 tons of liquid chlorine which is equivalent to an average admixture of .575 of a part per million.
The analyses made by the Government Analyst shewed that the water was of good quality.
At the end of the year 117 public stand pipes, 159 pedestal hydrants and 352 single underground street fire hydrants were in use.
A measurement of all trunk and distribution mains and back lane pipes of 2" upwards was made, the position at the end of the year is given in Table XIII.
House services were constructed, altered, or repaired in 5,164 instances and twenty-three supplies were connected for building purposes. In addition 12,763 house service inspections were carried out.
Particulars of the quantity of water supplied by meters are given in Table IX, the total amount being 2,189.48 million gallons, 65.0% of the total consumption was therefore accounted ior by meters compared with 66.0% in 1936. After making allowance for unmetered supplies through public stand pipes, cleaning filter beds, mains and services, meter slip, fires etc. it is estimated that 73.7% of the total consumption has been accounted for. The balance is mainly due to losses in the distribution system. A certain amount of experimental waste detection work was carried out and proposals for the establish- ment of a permanent waste detection branch were submitted to Government.
Expenditure
$79,619.39
82. Water Meters:-There were 9,774 meters in use at the close of the year as compared with 9,509 in 1936. The number of meters examined and repaired was 4,385 and six meters were tested in accordance with Regulation 9 of the Water Works Ordinance 16 of 1903.
Expenditure
$19,181.65
83. Maintenance of Praya Walls and Piers:-Praya walls and piers were maintained in a satisfactory condition. Repairs were carried out to the following:-Hung Hom Ferry, Jordan Road Ferry, Hung Hom Store, Mong Kok Ferry, and Kowloon Point Public Piers, and also at the Government Slipway, Yaumati and three Refuse Boat Piers. Five hoists at Jordan Road and Mong Kok Ferry Piers were maintained in good order.
$5,671.52
Expenditure
1
Q 28
84. Maintenance of Chinese Cemeteries:-Work carried out under this head is covered by paragraph 46 of this Report.
Expenditure
$3,497.91-
various
85. Maintenance of Recreation Grounds :-The grounds were maintained in good condition. Departmental gangs were employed for the purpose of mowing grass, cleaning ditches etc.
Expenditure
$1,792.59
86. Maintenance of Vehicles Ferry Pier at Jordan Road:- This pier was maintained in good condition. The principal items of expense involved were as follows:-electric hoists, repairs to fendering, replacement of ballast weight ropes and painting. Ramps and hoisting gears were maintained and operated in a satisfactory manner.
Expenditure
$6,319.53
NEW KOWLOON.
87. Maintenance of Buildings:-Government Buildings were kopt in a good state of repair. Painting, colourwashing and repairs in accordance with the recurring programme were carried out to ten buildings. Repairs were made to the quarters at Lai Chi Kok Female Prison.
Eelectrical installations were maintained in good order. 149 points in four buildings were tested and four inventories of electrical fittings issued.
Expenditure
$6,536.76
88. Improvements to Buildings:-The following work was carried out:-Shamshuipo Fire Station-alterations to ground floor, Shamshuipo Postal Kiosk-counter altered, Lai Chi Kok Female Prison-additional shelving fixed in reception office. An alarm bell circuit from Lai Chi Kok Female Prison to Police Training School was installed.
Expenditure
$1,242.53
89. Roads and Bridges (Maintenance and Improvements):- The surfaces of approximately forty-two miles of roads were maintained in a satisfactory condition.
Q 29
Particulars of the additional areas laid with improved sur-
facing were:
Tarring and sanding
23" granolithic paving laid on footways.
Slab paving laid on footways
New dry macadam surfacing
Expenditure
Square yards.
91,899
3,748
22
78,199
$23,504.23
90. Maintenance of Telephones:-Lines and instruments were maintained in good order.
Expenditure
$400.40
91. Maintenance of Sewers, Nullahs, etc:-Sewers, storm water drains, and trained nullahs were cleansed, repaired, and maintained in good condition. Open channels and nullahs were cleansed by the Sanitary Department. Sand deposits, as they accumulated were removed.
Expenditure
$4,162.86
92. Street Lighting:-The total number of electric street lamps in use at the end of the year was 583, an increase of twenty-five over the previous year.
Expenditure
$23,955.63
93. Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages:-Repairs were carried out to the following buildings:-Kowloon City Police Station, Lai Chi Kok Prison, Shamshuipo Police Station and Cheung Cha Wan Market. Damages to various roads, surfacing and embankments were made good. Telephone poles and lines were also repaired.
Sand and silt were removed from, and repairs carried out to nullahs, culverts and channels at Grampian Road, Kai Tak Airport, Lai Chi Kok, Tonkin Street, Nanchang Street and Upper Taipo Road and at various catchpits. Repairs were also carried out at the Waterboat Dock at Lai Chi Kok and at Sham- shuipo Ferry Pier.
Expenditure
$31,034.45
an
94. Maintenance of Water works, Lai Chi Kok:-The total quantity of water supplied during the year was 96.33 million gallons an increase of 3.90 million gallons on 1936 and average consumption of 264,000 gallons per day. In the portions of Camp and Pratas Streets to the south-west of Castle Peak Road 280 and 200 feet of 6" spun iron main were laid.
Details of consumption are given in Table X.
Expenditure
$3,727.99
Q 30
95. Water Meters:-There were thirty meters in use at the close of the year compared with twenty-eight in 1936. The number of meters examined and repaired was twenty-seven.
Expenditure
$1,997.26
96. Maintenance of Praya Walls and Piers:-The praya walls and piers were maintained in a good condition. Repairs were carried out to Kowloon City Ferry Pier, Lai Chi Kok Water Boat Dock, Shamshuipo Ferry Pier and Kweilin Street Refuse Pier. Two hoists on Shamshuipo Ferry Pier were maintained in good order.
Expenditure
$3,106.12
97. Maintenance of Chinese Cemeterics:-Work carried out under this head is covered by paragraph 46 of this Report.
Expenditure
NEW TERRITORIES.
$1,981.84
98. Maintenance of Buildings:-Government Buildings were kept in a good state of repair. Painting, colourwashing and repairs in accordance with the recurring programme were carried out to ten buildings. Major repairs included the following:-- Taipo Land Bailiff's Quarters-hot water system installed, Taipo Clerk's Quarters-floors and windows repaired, Taipo School-reconditioned, Taipo Police Bungalow-mosquito screened, Taipo Police Station-channelling repaired, Ping Shan Land Office-mosquito screened.
Repairs due to white-ant damage were carried out to the following:-Taipo Police Station, Sheung Shui Police Station, Sha Tau Kok Police Station.
Electrical installations were maintained in good order.
Expenditure
$15,233.84
99. Improvements to Buildings:-The principal improve- ments carried out were:-Taipo Island House-mosquito screened, Taipo Land Bailiff's Quarters-mosquito screened, Taipo Police Station-hot water system installed, Sai Kung Police Station-mosquito screened, Sha Tau Kok Police Station- coal bunker erected, water service improved,
ᎦᎥ
Electrical improvements and additions were carried out at Taipo Island House.
Expenditure
$3,612.75
100. Maintenance of Lighthouses:-All Lighthouses were maintained in a good state of repair. Painting, colourwashing and repairs in accordance with the recurring programine were carried out. Major repairs included the following:-Gap Rock Lighthouse-reinforced concrete water storage tank erected, steps and paths repaired. Electrical installations at Gap Rock and Waglan Lighthouses were maintained in good order.
Expenditure
$7,774.24
101. Roads and Bridges (Maintenance and Improvements):-- The surfaces of approximately eighty miles of roads were maintained in a satisfactory manner.
The following items of work were undertaken and completed by the end of 1937:-Re-surfacing, Fanling to Sha Tau Kok Road, 23 to 32 mile; repairs to cement concrete parapet to bridge at 14 mile, Taipo Road; levelling and surfacing, Au Tau to Shek Kong Road junction with 'Main Road; repairs to Sun Hui Bridge, Castle Peak; widening Road at Smuggler's Gap and Taipo Road; re-surfacing Taipo Market Main Road; tarpainting Castle Peak-Fanling Road between 29th and 30th mile; re-surfacing Shun Wan Path; widening entrance to Dill's Corner and approach road to Ping Shan Police Station; re-surfacing Fanling Road from Wo Hop Shek to 18 mile; cutting back dangerous bend near 10 mile, Castle Peak Road; re-instated surface of Patrol Path; constructing cement concrete 54" dia. culvert under Au Tau to Shek Kong Road; forming car parks Nos. 5, 6 and 7, Castle Peak Road; repairs to surface and tarpainting from Fanling Cross Roads to 2nd. mile-stone on Sha Tau Kok Road; repairs to surface and tarpainting from 28th to 29th mile at Pok Wai; re-instating and turfing to embankment at Taipo Market; Sheung Tak and Sui On Streets, Taipo Market were surfaced, channelled and tarpainted.
The following are particulars of the areas laid during the year:
Square yards.
Tarring and chipping......
90,684
New dry macadam surface
41,500
21′′ granolithic paving
1,271
32
A traffic census taken on some of the main roads during a twelve-hour period (8 a.m. to 8 p.m.) gave the following results and these are shewn compared with the 1936 figures.
1937
19.36
Point.
Cars and Lorries Motor and Cycles.
Cars and Lorries
Motor and
Buses.
Cycles.
Buses.
Taipo Road at junction with Castle
Peak Road
612
86
223
156
Taipo Market
462
111
131
123
Fanling Cross Roads :-
Sha Tau Kok Road
63
87
40
69
Sheung Shui Road
144
63
ྃ,
54
75
Fanling Road to Golf Club ....
255
22
107
8 25
97
Un Long :-
Sheung Shui direction
154
262
73
223
181
Castle Peak direction
178
225
68
231
Castle Peak Road at Tsun Wan
217
101
226
220
Castle Peak Road at Prison
376
147
265
221
Expenditure
$58,647.44
102. Maintenance of Telephones:-Lines and instruments were maintained in good order.
Expenditure
$4,275.93
103. Maintenance of Sewers, Nullahs, etc:-Sewers, storm water drains, trained nullahs and concrete channels were cleansed, repaired, and maintained in good condition.
Expenditure
$253.77
104. Street Lighting:-The total number of electric street lamps in use at the end of the year was thirty-two.
Expenditure
$1,539.20
1
Q 33
105. Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages:-Repairs of varying magnitude were carried out to practically all Government buildings. An outfall of a sewer at Tsun Wan was repaired. Repairs were made good to various roads. A length of 300 feet of 6" main which was washed away near the railway crossing at Taipo was relaid.
Telephone poles and lines and submarine cables were repaired. Replacements and repairs were carried out where required to electric light fittings and wiring at various buildings.
Extensive repairs were carried out to Castle Peak, Cheung Chau and Tsun Wan Piers and to the seawall at Rennies Mill. A contract was awarded to Messrs. Sang Lee and Company for reconstructing the beacon light at Cheung Chau which work was commenced on the 22nd. December.
Expenditure
$89,437.40
106. Maintenance of Village Supplies: (a) Tsun Wan:- The total quantity of water supplied was 23.34 million gallons as compared with 21.23 million gallons for last year.
This was equivalent to an average daily consumption of 64,000 gallons. Details are given in Table X.
There were twelve public stand pipes and eleven fire hydrants in use at the close of the year.
(b) Fanling:-The total quantity of water supplied was 12.32 million gallons compared with 12.36 million gallons last year, equivalent to an average consumption of 34,000 gallons per day. Details are given in Table X.
There were two fire hydrants in use at the close of the year.
(c) Taipo:-The total quantity of water supplied was 40.77 million gallons as compared with 33.64 million gallons last year, equivalent to an average consumption of 112,000 gallons per day. Details are given in Table X.
There were fifteen public stand pipes and twenty-four fire hydrants in use at the close of the year.
(d) Un Long:-The total quantity of water supplied was 14.86 million gallons as compared with 12.35 million gallons last year, equivalent to an average consumption of 41,000 gallons per day. Details are given in Table X.
There were six public stand pipes and twelve fire hydrants in use at the close of the year.
•
Expenditure
$3,949.23
Q 34
107. Water Meters:-110 meters, excluding five check meters, were in use at the close of the year as follows:
66 (67 in 1936)
Taipo
Fanling
Tsun Wan
Un Long.
Miscellaneous
26 (25
>>
)
6
(6
9 ( 5
21
)
3
Fifty-one meters were examined and repaired.
Expenditure
$976.03
108. Maintenance of Praya Walls and Piers:-Praya walls and piers were maintained in good condition. Repairs were carried out to the Castle Peak, Cheung Chau and Tsun Wan Piers, Gap Rock Lighthouse Landing, Lok Ma Chau Beacons, Ma Wan Beacon, Waglan Lighthouse Landing and certain other minor structures.
Expenditure
$1,711.41
Q 35
PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.
The following is a summary of works carried out under this vote:
HONG KONG.
BUILDINGS.
109. Queen Mary Hospital:-This work was referred to in paragraph 118 of last year's Report.
Main Hospital Block-The building was officially opened on the 13th April by His Excellency the Governor, Sir Andrew Caldecott, K.C.M.G. Patients were received on 1st May.
Nursing Staff Quarters, Hospital Servants' Quarters and two Blocks of Flats for European Subordinate and Chinese Medical Officers-These buildings were referred to as completed in last year's Report and only the payment of retention monies was required to be made during the year.
A block of three flats for European Medical Officers-The work on this contract proceeded satisfactorily and was completed on 20th January.
The installation of electric lights, fans, power, motors, bells and telephones was completed. Wiring of electric circuit for loudspeakers throughout the corridors was installed. Four lifts in the Main Block and Sisters' Quarters were installed by The General Electric Co. of China Ltd.
Expenditure
$ 671,152.52
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937...$3,728,212.97
110. Wanchai Market:-This work was referred to in paragraph 120 of last year's Report. The work proceeded satis- factorily and was completed on 18th March.
Expenditure
.$ 54,346.79
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937 ....$225,570.16
111. Trade School-Wood Road, Wanchai: This work was reported as completed in paragraph 121 of last year's Report and the payment of the retention money was made.
Expenditure
$ 6,325.00
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937...$169,321.50
Q 36
112. Government Stores and Workshops: -This work was referred to in paragraph 153 of last year's Report. Sketch plans were prepared for the development of the reclamation adjoining the Yacht Club at North Point. The scheme provided for the erection of Central Government Stores, Waterworks workshops, Public Works Department garage with workshops and sand storage bins. It was decided to proceed with the Central Government Stores only, and a contract for the piling was let on 3rd September to The Vibro Piling Co., Ltd. which was completed on 7th November. Working drawings were in course of preparation for the buildings.
A contract for the construction of a reinforced concrete pier 70 feet by 30 feet was let to Messrs. Sang Lee & Co. in October. At the end of the year all the reinforced concrete piles, seven- teen in number were manufactured.
113.
Expenditure
$33,014.65
Stanley Market:-This work consisted of the erection of a retail market in reinforced concrete to provide accommoda- tion for twenty-four stalls, a poultry killing room, quarters for the caretaker with latrines and a septic tank. The stalls were finished in terrazzo and suitably fitted up for the use of butchers, fishmongers, poulterers, vegetable and fruit sellers. A contract was let to The Chung Lee Construction Co., on 3rd July and the work was satisfactorily completed on 17th November.
Expenditure
GENERAL WORKS.
$15,792.48
114. Roads:-Consequent upon the erection of new build- ings, kerbing and channelling operations were executed on sixteen roads. Footpaths were paved, scavenging lanes surfaced with cement concrete and any necessary alterations in levels or alignment were carried out.
Expenditure
.$27,265.65
115. Drainage-(a) Training Nullahs:-An open nullah 320 feet long, arching to a length of 140 feet and contingent work on the Waterworks Reserve to the west of Blue Pool area was constructed. Preliminary excavation for the construction of a rubble mound for Sing Woo Road branch nullah was under- baken. Minor works carried out included the construction of 350 feet of 24′′ to 9′′ open channels.
Expenditure
.$4,888.09
-Q 37-
(b) Miscellaneous:-New sewers and storm water drains varying from 21" to 6" in diameter to a total length of 2,321 feet were constructed principally at Kennedy Town, King's Road and Wongneichong. Necessary drainage alterations were carried out at Clarence Terrace and Hill Road. The number of drain connections made was ninety-five.
Expenditure
.$19,047.80
116. Miscellaneous:-Works carried out were as follows: Colonial Secretary's Office-a matshed roof erected for the duration of the hot weather, canvas screens installed to the Registry Office, Harbour Office-a magazine for typhoon warning bombs built, Waterworks Office-new partitions erected, Central Fire Station-a partition erected in Revenue Office, District Officer South's Office, Queen's Building--alterations to strong room and partitions carried out, Kennedy Town Disinfecting Station-additional flush system installed and minor alterations carried out, Sanitary Office, Pokfulam Road-flush latrine installed, Tsan Yuk Hospital-telephone box installed, Police Quarters, Caine Road-brick dust bin erected, Bacteriological Institute-steel windows fixed, Queen Mary Hospital, Servants' Quarters-store-room converted to bed room, Gardeners' Quar- ters, Garden Road-new washhouse erected, Trade School, Wanchai-machinery installed, Junior Technical School-tim- ber store erected, No. 2 Police Station-prisoner's dock altered, Southorn Playground, Wanchai-posts and rails repaired, 465 The Peak garage erected, 276 The Peak-flagpole erected, Jardine's Corner-timber shelter for chair and ricksha coolies erected, Shek O Beach-a latrine was erected.
Four wells on Crown Land at Stanley were filled in.
Improvement and additions to the electrical installations were made in thirty-five buildings. Twenty-four fans, three radiators, four telephones and ten bells. were installed in twenty-two buildings.
117.
Expenditure
$18,508.35
Water Works-(a) New Meters:—119 new meters were issued from Store.
Expenditure
$12,494.13
(b) New Distribution Mains:-752 feet of 6′′ and 1,025 feet of 4′′ cast iron main were laid in Sing Woo Road.
Expenditure
.$3,636.91
(c) Miscellaneous:-The following works were carried out:-287 feet of 10" cast iron main were laid in Garden Road North and South of Kennedy Road replacing a similar length of old 10" which was abandoned; 65 feet of 6" cast iron main were laid in Garden Road at the junction of Kennedy and Upper Albert Roads replacing a similar length of old 5" which was
38
abandoned; 390 feet of 6′′ cast iron main were laid in Hillier Street between Connaught Road and Wing Lok Street; 138 feet of 6" cast iron main were laid as a byepass to Kennedy Town Reservoir; 130 feet of 4′′ cast iron main were laid in Smithfield to Inland Lots Nos. 1883 and 2169; 566 feet of 3" wrought iron piping were laid across Aberdeen Harbour to Apiichau, replacing 2"; in connection with this work a protec- tive rubble mound was deposited for lengths of 390 feet on the east and 360 feet on the west sides, starting at points 66 and 80 feet respectively from the Aberdeen Praya; 830 feet of 3′′ wrought iron piping were laid in Aplichau; 148 feet of 2" wrought iron piping were laid in Smithfield near Inland Lots Nos. 1883 and 2169; 1,368 feet of 11′′ wrought iron piping were laid from Shaukiwan to Ah Kung Ngam Village; 105 feet of 1" wrought iron piping were laid from Shaukiwan to Ah Kung Ngam Village and 400 feet of 11′′ wrought iron piping were removed from Aplichau.
Expenditure
$7,949.49
118. Port Works:-Cost of cement testing and aggregate analyses, alterations to Automatic Tide Gauges at Kennedy Town and Shaukiwan and improvements to Causeway Bay Depôt were defrayed from this vote.
Expenditure
COMMUNICATIONS.
.$1,651.30
119. Blue Pool Road-Section adjacent to Inland Lots Nos. 3685 and 3686:--Cutting and filling was carried out to form the roadway to full width.
Expenditure
$1,656.32
120. Magazine Gap Road-Road widening and Car Park at junction of Bowen Road: --This work consisted of all the neces- sary walling, decking and surfacing for improving the road alignment, forming a Car Park and widening the bridge. The contract was let to Messrs. Chuen Wo Construction Company in May. The work proceeded satisfactorily and was completed in September.
Expenditure
.$10,791.15
Garden Road-Widening:-Improvement was made by widening this road to 50 feet opposite the Peak Tram Station. A five feet footpath was provided on the western side. work was carried out under the Maintenance Contract.
This
was
A site for a car park with shelter and latrine formed immediately to the north of the Peak Tram Station at Garden Road. The contract was let to Messrs. Sang Tai & Co. on 30th January and the work was satisfactorily complete on 30th April.
Expenditure
. $19,401.29
Q 39
122. Electric Road-Raising levels:-Raising and improv ing this road between the Hong Kong Electric Company's Station and the market was carried out under the Maintenance Contract.
Expenditure
$19,504.76
MISCELLANEOUS.
123. Shek Tong Tsui Market - Latrine Conversion to Flush:-This work was referred to in paragraph 137 of last year's Report. The work which was completed in November consisted of the provision of four water-closets and one urinal.
124.
Expenditure
Kam
.$954.62
Kam Wah Street-Flush Latrine:-Sketch plans were prepared to provide accommodation for twenty males and ten females with caretaker's quarters. A contract was let to Messrs. Kin Lee & Co., on 30th July and the work was satis- factorily completed on 16th December.
Expenditure
.$6,847.70
125. Jubilee Street Pier-Covered Entrance: -A contract for the construction of a reinforced concrete covered way and terminal facilities for the China Motor Bus Co., Ltd. was awarded to Messrs. Kwan On on the 6th May. The work was satisfactorily completed on the 4th September.
Expenditure
$6,762.41
126. Government Quarry-Roofing Plant:-This work con- sisted of erecting a steel framed structure over the Mixing Plant at Tsat Tsz Mui Government Quarry. The contract was awarded to Messrs. Tak Hing & Co. in October. Work progressed satis- factorily and was completed in December.
Expenditure
$4,418.20
127. Colonial Cemetery-Laying out new areas: --An addi- tional burial area was formed.
Expenditure
.$912.18
-Works
128. Chinese Cemeteries-Laying out new areas: carried out under this head are covered by paragraph 46 of this Report.
Expenditure
.$7,989.26
Reinstatement of Retaining walls: A periodical inspection on all Government retaining walls was carried out. No structural repairs were required.
Expenditure
$ Nil.
་
40
130. Traffic Signs, etc.:-For motor traffic purposes, the erection of motor signs and repainting of white guide lines were carried out. At the request of the Honourable Commissioner of Police, eighteen traffic signs and seven notice boards were erected in the New Territories.
Underground cables and controllers for new shelter at junction between Queen's Road and Pedder Street were removed and refixed.
Expenditure
$2,485.31
131. Street Name Plates:-A programme of fixing street name plates in the City and Outside City districts was carried out.
Expenditure
$1,425.87
132. Training Nullah between Sing Woo and Blue Pool Roads:This work was referred to in paragraph 183 of last year's Report. Nullah decking for a length of eighty-eight feet and a length of seventy-eight feet of 60" diameter culvert was constructed; parapet walling was subsequently built to that part of the nullah which required it.
Expenditure
$4,990.27
133.
Sewer Extension between Sing Woo and Blue Pool Roads:This work was referred to in paragraph 135 of last year's Report. The 9" sewer only partially completed in these two roads was coupled up by laying a further 320 feet.
Expenditure
.$1,129.40
-New
134. North Point Reclamation-Sewer Extension: sewers of 15" in diameter to a length of 177 feet and 12′′ to a length of 170 feet were constructed east of Tong Shui Road nullah. Progress was governed by the rate of dumping on the reclamation.
135.
Expenditure
$2,120.10
Boat Street-Storm Water Drain Extension:—A 54′′ storm water drain to a length of 400 feet was laid in conjunction with extensive alterations carried out for, and at the cost of The Hong Kong Electric Company, Ltd.
Expenditure
$5,745.20
136. Electric Road-Sewer Extension:---The 21" sewer was extended for a length of 1,017 feet, and all necessary side connections were made.
Expenditure
$6,995.67
!
Q 41
WATER WORKS.
137. Back Lane Service Pipes:-Twelve new or extended services were put in. This involved the laying of 466 feet of 3′′, 1,378 feet of 2" and 307 feet of 14" wrought iron piping. Sixty- eight new house services were connected to these and existing subsidiary mains.
Expenditure
$2,927.96
work which was
138. Stanley Water Supply:-This described in detail in paragraph 143 of last year's Report was completed satisfactorily early in the year.
Expenditure
.$2,998.95
139. Repulse Bay Water Supply:--Towards the end of the year a contract was signed and work started on the construction of a new service reservoir for this supply. Situated within 100 yards of the existing tank, it will, when completed, have a storage capacity of 56,000 gallons with a top water level of 489 O.D. The walls, level and sloping inverts were of mass con- crete and were completed by the end of the year.
Work was started on the roof which is of reinforced concrete, beam and slab design, carried on two reinforced concrete columns. No division wall was allowed for owing to the proximity of the existing tank, which will be retained for emergency use.
Expenditure
$4,977.68
Blue Pool Road-Relaying 6" Main: --Consequent on the abandonment of the old Blue Pool intake and the construc- tion of a new nullah intake described in paragraph 133 of last year's Report it was found necessary to relay a portion of the main on a new alignment, the oid 6" cast iron pipe in Blue Pool Road was abandoned. The following was laid in Sing Wo Road:144 feet of 5" cast iron, 379 feet of 4" and 1,825 feet of 3" wrought iron. piping.
Expenditure
PORT WORKS.
$3,983.26
141. Extension of Reclamation at North Point:-This work was referred to in paragraph 144 of last year's Report. The building of 1,168 feet of sea wall to a height of eight feet six inches above Ordnance Datum and 400 feet of invert and nullah wall was completed satisfactorily in July.
Expenditure
$15,793.02
Q 42
142. Blake Pier Improvements: -This work was referred to in paragraph 147 of last year's Report. Messrs. Ah Hing & Co. completed their contract for the removal of the defective main and secondary deck girders and for the supply, fabrication and erection of new steelwork to replace that which removed.
Expenditure
$13,913.34
was
143. Construction of Sea Wall and Cattle Pier at Kennedy Town:-This work was referred to in paragraph 145 of last year's Report. No constructional work was carried out during the year.
Approximately two acres of reclamation were formed by building debris from the demolition of buildings, and spoil from site formation being dumped free of expense to Govern- ment except for the cost of supervision of the dumping opera- tions.
Expenditure
$
381.44
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937 ....$139,949.39
BUILDINGS ORDINANCE.
street
144. Compensation and Resumptions:- Minor widenings and resumptions in connection with development schemes were effected.
Expenditure
$3,030.65
145. Resumption of St. Peter's Church, West Point:-In connection with the above final instalments totalling $8,010.99 were paid as the erection of the new Church proceeded. This vote did not appear in the original estimates but was approved later.
Expenditure
.$ 8,010.99
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937 ...$50,000.00
ANTI-MALARIAL WORKS.
146. Anti-Malarial Works:-Work was continued by the letting of two new contracts, one for an area between the two reservoirs at Aberdeen, the other in the vicinity of Pokfulam between the Queen Mary Hospital and Sandy Bay. Although these contracts were not let until late in the year good progress was made on preliminary work and excavation, and at Aberdeen area 300 feet of main channel was constructed. A 3,000 gallon reservoir with a "De Villiers' automatic syphon sluice erected near Mount Cameron Road, and minor channelling was laid near Inland Lot No. 2441, Victoria Road.
Expenditure
.$2,742.55
was
Q 43
KOWLOON.
BUILDINGS.
147. Travel Association Kiosk:-This work was reported as completed in paragraph 205 of last year's Report. The pay- ment of the retention money was required to be made during the year.
Expenditure
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937
$ 532.00 .$2.482.00
148. Ma Tau Kok-Slaughter House:-It was decided not to proceed with this work and therefore no expenditure was incurred.
Expenditure
$ Nil.
GENERAL WORKS.
149. Roads: -Works carried out under this head included the kerbing and channelling of portions of twenty-one roads. Footpaths were paved with granolithic paving or slabs and the necessary improvements made in front of new buildings erected during the year.
Expenditure
$26,262.58
Drainage-(a) Training Nullahs:-The wall of Mong Kok nullah between Shanghai Street and Lai Chi Kok Road was built up to the required height; cement concrete coping and parapet walling were also constructed on both sides.
Expenditure
.$947.63
(b) Miscellaneous: --New sewers and storm water drains varying from 45′′ to 6′′ in diameter were constructed to a total length of 3,371 feet of which a length of 450 feet was relaying of sewers in re-entered scavenging lanes. The number of drain connections made was 115. Several lengths of channelling were laid. Many new gullies with flat gully gratings were constructed and connected to the storm water drainage system.
Expenditure
$22,938.60
151. Miscellaneous:-The following works were carried. out:-Kowloon Post Office-brass plates fixed, Kowloon Hosp- ital-clothes boiler erected and bank to site cut back, Hung Hom Sand Depôt-concrete wall erected, Chatham Road, Tong Mei and Arran Street Playgrounds--notice boards erected. Im- provements and additions to the electrical installation were carried out in twelve buildings.
Expenditure
$2,939.76
Q. 44
152. Water Works-(a) New Meters: 309 were issued from Store.
Expenditure
new
.$19,380.74
meters
(b) Miscellaneous:-Works carried out under this head were:-300 feet of 4′′ cast iron main were removed from Waterloo Road between Shanghai Street and Canton Road and 340 feet of 4" cast iron main were removed from Canton Road between Waterloo Road and Hamilton Street. Extensive repair work was carried out at the Kowloon Tong Service Reservoir which effected a reduction in the leakage, but this reservoir which is now about thirty years old will shortly require partial reconstruction.
Twenty new chlorine cylinders were purchased.
153.
Expenditure
$5,352.98
Port Works:-The costs of trial bores sunk at Hung Hom Ferry Pier site and the supply and erection of various notice boards were defrayed from this vote.
Expenditure.....
MISCELLANEOUS.
$55.10
154. Chinese Cemeteries-Laying out new areas: -Work carried out under this head is covered by paragraph 46 of this Report.
Expenditure
$1,385.63
155. Exhumation of Chinese Cemeteries:--No expenditure was incurred.
Expenditure
$ Nil.
}
name
156. Street Name Plates:-Thirty-six additional plates were erected from stock in hand, and a further fifty-four name plates were ordered, but the latter were not received in time for erection during the year.
Expenditure
$840.15
157. Mongkok Police Station-Rewiring:-The building was wired to serve 123 points.
Expenditure
WATER WORKS.
$1,726.11
158.
Back Lane Service Pipes:-In addition to twelve ser- vices which were enlarged from 14′′ to 2′′ and one service which was enlarged from 1" to 2" six new or extended services were laid
Q 45
during the year. This involved the laying of thirty-four feet of 3" and 2,295 feet of 2′′ wrought iron piping. Eighty new house services and fifty-six existing services were connected to these and existing subsidiary mains.
Expenditure
$3,848.15
159. Distribution Mains:-The following work was carried out:-160 feet of 6′′ cast iron main were laid in Waterloo Road and 1,420 feet of 6" spun and cast iron main were laid in Canton Road between Waterloo Road and Soy Street.
Expenditure
BUILDINGS ORDINANCE.
$3,609.07
160. Compensation and Resumptions:-Minor resumptions were carried out in connection with street widenings and the development of the district under the approved Town Planning Scheme.
Expenditure
NEW KOWLOON.
......$1,014.00
GENERAL WORKS.
161. Roads:--Works completed under this head included the macadamizing, kerbing, channelling and laying to approved levels portions of twenty-seven roads. Footpaths were paved with granolithic paving or slabs and the necessary improvements made in front of the buildings erected during the year.
Expenditure
$37,544.94
162. Drainage-(a) Training Nullahs:-Parapet walling for a short length was constructed at Waterloo Road nullah-- Kowloon Tong.
Expenditure
.$90.42
(b) Miscellaneous:-New sewers and storm water drains were constructed to a total length of 3,043 feet, varying from 33" to 6". The number of drain connections made was fifty- two. A large accretion area was excavated, invert and sides lined with cement concrete and rubble walls and channels con- structed at the summit of a 48" culvert, Upper Taipo Road. 322 feet of channelling in various lengths and sizes from 30" to 15" were laid. Minor works were carried out.
Expenditure
$21,689.64
- Q
Q 46
163. Miscellaneous: The following works were carried out:-Lai Chi Kok Female Prison-matshed erected for Indian guard, Kowloon City and Shamshuipo Police Stations-docks altered, Prince Edward Road and Kowloon City. Playgrounds- notice boards erected. A number of houses were demolished in Kowloon Walled City. Electrical improvements and additions were carried out in six buildings.
164.
Expenditure
.$1,502.41
Water Works:-Repairs and alterations to the electric wiring system at Jubilee Reservoir were carried out. Fifteen new chlorine cylinders were purchased.
Expenditure
.$2,002.88
165. Port Works:-Improvements at Kak Hang were carried out.
Expenditure
$145.59
1.
COMMUNICATIONS.
166. Taipo Road-3rd to 5th Mile Improvements:—'
-This contract was let to Messrs. Man Gang on 20th May. A certain amount of cutting was carried out by the end of the year but the progress was poor.
Expenditure
.$4,035.96
167. Custom Pass Road Widening:
Widening: This contract, amounting to $56,036.00 was awarded to Messrs. Yeung Fat & Co. Work was commenced on 15th March and it was expected the road would be fully open to traffic at the extended com- pletion date, 13th February, 1938. The resumption of certain agricultural lots in Survey District II were effected.
Expenditure
.$34,104.99
168. Aerodrome-Runway:-No expenditure was incurred.
Expenditure .....
$ Nil
169. Recreation Grounds: -No expenditure was incurred.
Expenditure
$ Nil
MISCELLANEOUS.
170.
Chinese Cemeteries-Laying out new areas:Work carried out is covered by paragraph 46 of this Report.
Expenditure
$701.28
171. Exhumation of Chinese Cemeteries:-No expenditure was incurred.
Expenditure
$ Nil,
Q 47
172. New Cemetery No. 7:-The work carried out under this Contract consisted of the formation of terraces, access paths and draining a new section of this cemetery.
Expenditure
$14,396.64
173. Street Name Plates:-Five additional name plates were erected from stock in hand and a further thirty-five name plates were ordered. The latter were not received in time for erection during the year.
Expenditure ........
.$634.53
174. Kowloon City Police Station-Rewiring:-The build- ing was wired to serve 255 points.
Expenditure
$2,895.42
WATER WORKS.
or
175. Back Lane Service Pipes:-In addition to two ser- vices which were enlarged from 11" to 2", eight new extended services were laid. This involved the laying of 1,260 feet of 2′′ and eighteen feet of 14′′ wrought iron piping. Fifty new services and forty-five existing services were connected to these and existing subsidiary mains.
Expenditure
.$1,453.76
176. Distribution Mains:-The following work was carried out:-697 feet of 12′′ spun iron main were laid in Kiu Kiang Street between Castle Peak Road and Fuk Wah Street; 144 feet of 6′′ spun iron main were laid in Kiu Kiang Street east of Castle Peak Road, and 315 feet of 6′′ cast iron main were removed from Kiu Kiang Street west of Castle Peak Road.
Expenditure
$4,235.24
PORT WORKS.
177. Refuse Dump at Kun Tong:-This was referred to in paragraph 183 of last year's Report. No constructional work was carried out during the year. A light railway was laid to expedite the handling of the refuse but this method of transport- ing the material was later abandoned. Approximately 7,000 cubic yards of dredgings were spread over the refuse dump.
Expenditure
$ 3,218.61
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937 $26,034.94
•
178. Kowloon City Pier:-This work was referred to in paragraph 206 of last year's Report. The pier was completed and opened for passenger traffic in March.
Expenditure
$ 7,150.97
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937.12,638.57
Q 48
BUILDINGS ORDINANCE.
179. Compensation and Resumptions:-Minor resumptions were carried out in connection with the development of the district in accordance with the approved Town Planning Scheme.
Expenditure
.$1,969.70
180.
ANTI-MALARIAL WORKS.
Anti-Malarial Works:-Work on training the stream- course west of New Kowloon Inland Lot No. 1969 at Ngau Shi Wan was commenced in November. A length of 150 feet of 86" diameter channel was completed. Filling to the amount of 1,200 cubic yards was also completed and an area of 300 super yards was turfed.
Expenditure
$1,605.21
NEW TERRITORIES.
1
BUILDINGS.
was
181. Ta Ku Ling Police Station-Extensions :---This referred to in paragraph 188 of last year's Report. The work proceeded satisfactorily and was completed on 22nd October.
Expenditure
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937
GENERAL WORKS.
$51,337.32
$51,559.64
182.
Roads:-Kerbing, channelling and surfacing to road and footpaths were laid in front of the new buildings erected during the year at Taipo Market and Un Long.
Expenditure
$6,731.69
183. Drainage---(a) Training Nullahs:-Rough dry weather channels were formed in the untrained length of the stream- courses below the dam adjoining the Cafeteria at Castle Peak, and minor stream-course training was carried out.
$469.44
(b) Miscellaneous:-Work of a minor nature was
Expenditure
out at Taipo Market.
Expenditure
$7.50
carried
49
184. Miscellaneous:-The following works were carried out:-Au Tau Police Station-drainage altered, Castle Peak Police Station-flagstaff altered, typhoon symbols supplied and barbed wire fixed to gate, Ling Ma Hang Police Station- barbed wire fixed to gate, Tsun Wan-fence fixed to grass plot. A 12" half-round channel was constructed from a new stand pipe to the road channel at Kam Shan Village, Taipo Market District. Improvements and additions to electrical installations were made in three buildings.
Expenditure
$2,314.78
185. Water Works:-The following works were carried out:-5,907 feet of 4" cement lined steel main were laid in Castle Peak Road from Tsun Wan to the Hume Pipe Company's works. This extension to the Tsun Wan supply main was made by agreement with the Company on terms set forth in C.S.O. 29/4126/1932, 500 feet of 3′′ wrought iron piping were laid in Wan Tau Kok, Taipo Market, 280 feet of 3" wrought iron piping were laid in Tai Tseung Street and Sai Tai Street, Un Long, 140 feet of 11′′ wrought iron piping were laid in Wan Tau Kok, Taipo Market. Unclimbable fencing was built to provide storage yards for the Taipo and Un Long depôts.
Expenditure
COMMUNICATIONS.
$2,560.11
186. Tsun Wan Market Road:-Work was satisfactorily completed during the year.
Expenditure.
$6,979.31
187. Road from Au Tau to Shek Kong:-This work which was referred to in paragraph 210 of last year's Report was com- pleted on 25th September.
Expenditure
$ 4,190.49
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937 ......$49,431.24
Ha Ts'uen Road: -No expenditure was incurred. Expenditure
$ Nil
189. Taipo-Fanling Road:-Work was carried out under the Maintenance Contract and a section of the Taipo-Fanling Road from Fanling Cross Roads to Wo Hop Shek was widened and surfaced.
Expenditure
$9,987.72
Q 50
190. Bridges Strengthening:—This Programme was started with the rebuilding of the small bridges at Tsing Lung Tau (No. 10), and Tai Lam Chung (No. 11) and the replacement of the defective bridge at Tsun Wan (No. 5) by a culvert. Work was commenced on 14th June, and was almost completed at the end of the year.
The construction of the new main bridge at Tai Lam Chung (No. 12) was commenced on 15th October and good progress made up to the end of the year.
Expenditure
$37,212.45
191.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Tsun Wan Market-Latrine:-A contract to erect a latrine to provide accommodation for sixteen males and eight females was let to Messrs. Sang Tai & Co. on 27th September and the work was satisfactorily completed on 29th December. A new manhole was constructed in cement concrete on the main sewer in the street to south-west of the new market and one sewer connection was made therefrom to serve the latrine.
Expenditure
WATER WORKS.
$3,497.85
192. Back Lane Service Pipes: -The following works were carried out:-108 feet of 2′′ and seventy-six feet of 11′′ wrought iron piping were laid as a back lane service near Lot No. 1201 Taipo Market, forty feet of 11′′ wrought iron piping were l'aid in Yet Sun Street, four new services were connected to the back lane pipes in Taipo and Taipo Market, and one new service was connected to the back lane pipes in Un Long.
Expenditure
BUILDINGS ORDINANCE.
$113.90
193. Compensation and Resumptions:-Sundry small re- sumptions were carried out by the District Officer, South.
Expenditure
$1,919.88
Q 51
Works Not Appearing in Estimates.
194. Postal Kiosk at Stanley Village:-Sketch plans were prepared for a kiosk with a public office, clerk's accommodation and strong room. A contract was let to Messrs. Sang Tai & Co., on 26th April and the work was satisfactorily completed on 17th July.
Expenditure
.$3,307.65
195. New Central British School:- This work was referred to in paragraph 152 of last year's Report. The erection of a Sports Pavilion was carried out by the Cheong Hing Co., and was completed on 18th February. The building contains chang- ing rooms for boys and girls, store rooms for sports equipment and a covered terrace for spectators.
Expenditure
:
$ 53,046.70
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1987 ....$519,525.39
196. Installation of telephones, etc. in Breezy Point and Arbuthnot Road Quarters, vacated by Prison Department:- Minor alterations were carried out in Arbuthnot Road Quarters to provide accommodation for Police. The work was completed in December. 135 electric lights, thirty-seven wall sockets, fifteen ceiling fans and wiring for telephones and alarm
bells were installed.
Expenditure
$4,468.59
197. Barbed wire barricades at Sheung Shui, Au Tau, Ping Shan and Sai Kung Police Stations:-This work was referred to in paragraph 193 of last year's Report. The erection of the barricades to Sheung Shui and Sai Kung Police Stations was completed in November.
Expenditure
$1,328.07
new
198. Gaol Clearing Station:-Sketch plans were prepared for alterations to the Administrative Offices, Hospital, Reception Block and "D" Cell Hall of Victoria Gaol in order to provide a Gaol Clearing Station following the occupation of the Prison at Stanley. The work, which consisted of the provision of a Guard Room, Quarters for European Police Officers and Indian and Chinese Police, was completed in December. Seventy-five electric lights, eight wall sockets and wiring for telephones and alarm bells were installed.
Expenditure
$9,285.30
Q 52
199. Conversion of "C" Block at Government Civil Hosp- ital as an Out-patients Department:-Sketch plans were prepared for alterations to "C" Block and the work, which consisted of the provision of an Out-patients Department, Infant Welfare Centre, and Quarters for Single Chinese Medical Officers, was completed in October. The formation of a motor access road which was included in the original scheme was postponed. Fifty-three electric lights, twenty light and power sockets, and ten ceiling fans were installed.
Expenditure
.$8,467.66
200. Widening of Castle Peak Road from Shing Mun Approach Road to Tsun Wan Village:-This work was com- pleted by the end of the year.
Expenditure
$3,373.03
201. Widening and surfacing to a width of twenty feet the existing Police Patrol Path from Sheung Shui to Muk Fu Ferry:A contract was awarded to Messrs. Sang Lee & Co. on 8th December. Satisfactory progress was made by the end of the year. The construction of a temporary wooden bridge across the Shum Chun River was completed and the road opened for one-way traffic on 31st December. The completion of this work linked up the road systems of Kwongtung and Hong Kong.
Expenditure
$ Nil.
202. Construction of a Bridge on Borrett Road: -This bridge carries Borrett Road over Bowen Road and provides the main access to the Bowen Road Military Hospital. At the suggestion of this Department the span of the bridge was made sufficiently large to permit a possible future widening of Bowen Road and this expenditure represents the cost of work neces- sitated by the large span.
Expenditure
$1,750.00
203. Construction of Seawalls and Reinstatement of Typhoon Damages at Lai Chi Kok:-A contract for the recon- struction of the seawall at Lai Chi Kok was awarded to Messrs. Ching Hing Construction Co. and work was commenced on the 1st October. By the end of the year, 1,200 feet of the founda- tion mound was cleared and brought to approved levels; 963 feet of the cement concrete footing course was laid and 300 feet of the sea wall was built to a height of approx. 8 feet 6 inches above Ordnance Datum.
Expenditure
$14,443.92
204. Hindu Crematorium: A grant made to the Hindu Association in consideration of work carried out in providing a new crematorium on Inland Lot No. 4693 at Sookunpoo.
Expenditure
.$3,500.00
- Q 53
205. Kowloon Walled City-New Village Type houses and site formation: --Expenditure incurred in connection with the rehousing of a number of families from Kowloon Walled City.
Expenditure
$10,831.31.
206. Demolition of Nos. 22-34 Catchick Street:-The work was commenced in January and completed in March. The contractors were Messrs. Lam Cheong Kee and a credit of $1,926.00 was received from them for the old materials.
207. Demolition of the Old Central Market: The work was commenced on 14th September and completed on 16th November. The contractors were Messrs. Lai Kee & Co., and a credit of $32,500.00 was received from them for the old materials.
208. Demolition of the old Wanchai Market:-The work was commenced in April and completed in June. The con- tractors were Messrs. Ching Hing Construction Co. and a credit of $650.00 was received from them for the old materials.
209. Demolition of Queen's Gardens:-The work was com- inenced on 5th July and completed on 4th December. The contractors were Messrs. Yeung Fat & Co., and a credit of $1,650.00 was received from them for the old materials.
210. Waterworks; Extension to, and Augmentation of Supplies:-Work was confined mainly to surveys, preliminary works and calling for tenders through the Crown Agents. The subsequent works in 1938 will be dealt with under Loan Works- Appendix VI (c), Head 2-Waterworks.
211. Supply to Albany:-Tenders for the supply of pumps and power units were called for through the Crown Agents. These were still being considered at the end of the year. A schedule of materials to be tendered for for the pipe line was practically completed.
Expenditure
$1,521.19
212. Supply to Peak Road:-Tenders for the supply of pumps and power units were called for through the Crown Agents. These were still being considered at the end of the A schedule of materials to be tendered for for the pipe line was practically completed.
year.
Expenditure
$1,505.06
213. Cross Harbour Pipes:-(a) Materials: -Experiments were made at Messrs. Hume Pipe Company's works to obtain a suitable outside covering for protecting the steel pipe shells from corrosion. These indicated that satisfactory results were likely to be obtained from the use of a vibrated cement concrete
་
4
Q 54
21" thick. Tenders for the supply of mild steel pipes and specials were called for locally and in Great Britain and an order therefor was placed through the Crown Agents in Novem- ber with Messrs. Newport and South Wales Tube Company for the sum of £15,277. 17s. 4d. Other orders placed through the Crown Agents at the same time were:-Sluice valves and flexible joints with Messrs. Glenfield and Kennedy costing £830. 98. Od., flexible tubing with Messrs. United Flexible Tubing Ltd. costing £26. 38. 7d., and pipe cutting machine with Messrs. Weston & Company costing £182. 4s. 5d.
(b) Formation of Bed:-About the middle of September after the line of the mains was decided, detail survey of the land stations was made; this was followed by a close hydro- graphic survey over the area to be occupied by the mains. The formation levels for the bed of the mains were then agreed and a commencement was made with the dredging of the foundation trench by Government Grab Dredger No. 2 on the 19th October. This craft was assisted by Government Grab Dredger No. 1 from the 1st December and at the end of the year, the total spoil excavated amounted to 9,953 cubic yards. Contract drawings and documents were prepared and tenders were called for at the end of the year.
Expenditure
...$4,859.07
214. Rapid Gravity Filters Eastern:-Preliminary investi- gations were made.
Expenditure
$ Nil.
215. Distribution, Island:-The following works were car- ried out:-190 feet of 15′′ cast iron main were laid in Hennessy Road on the new alignment at the junction of Arsenal Street connecting up with the 12" main in Queen's Road, and 707 feet of 4" cast iron main were laid in Castle Road replacing an old 3" main.
Expenditure
$1,368.61
216. Kowloon Tsai Service Reservoir:-Preliminary in- vestigations, designs and preparation of contract documents were practically completed by the end of the year.
Expenditure
$3,053.93
217. Supply Main to Kowloon Tsai Service Reservoir: The lines of the 24" Supply and 18′′ Distribution Mains were fixed and a schedule of pipes and specials to be tendered for. was prepared.
Expenditure
Nil.
C
Q 55
218. Distribution, Mainland: The following works were carried out:-450 feet of 12′′ spun iron main were laid in Cheung Sha Wan Road, from Yen Chow Street to Kiu Kiang Street, and 325 feet of 12" spun iron main were laid in Kiu Kiang Street, from Cheung Sha Wan Road to Fuk Wah Street.
Expenditure
..$4.221.91
219. Shing Mun Valley Scheme, Catchwaters · First Section:-A contract for the first section of this work, which comprises approximately 6,000 feet at the outfall end of the catchwater, was let in October to Messrs. Malcolm & Company for the sum of $194,814.06. Good progress was made by the end of the year, a total of 52,000 cubic yards of soft and 8,000 cubic yards of rock excavation were removed.
Second Section:-Surveys for this section, approximately 10,000 feet in length were completed. Contract documents were well in hand by the end of the year. The subsequent works in 1938 will be dealt under Loan Works-Appendix VI (c), Head 2 -Waterworks (i).
Expenditure
.$40,253.53
220. Improvement, Road to Sha Tin Pass:-The work of improving bends and strengthening culverts was put in hand during the year. This was carried out under the Roads Main- tenance Contract and was satisfactorily completed.
Pass.
Tenders were called for at the end of the year for concrete surfacing the road between Chuk Yuen and Sha Tin The cost was covered by payment into a separate account.
A certain amount of resumption in respect of agricultural land was required.
221.
Construction of Pill Boxes and Tunnels at Sites No. 53, 54 and 65:-The work was completed on 20th September.
222. Construction of Demolition Chambers, New Ter- ritories: The work was completed on 11th September.
was
223. Road to Smuggler's Pass: --This work which referred to in paragraph 209 of last year's Report was completed on 28th February.
224. Approach Road to Tsun Wan Cemetery:-A contract was let to Messrs. Chuen Wo & Co. on 1st May, but owing to various amendments to the alignment work was not commenced until September. Work was nearing completion by the end of the year.
- Q 56
225. Construction of a nullah training at Shek Kong:- (a) The first section of a Diversion Nullah at Pat Heung:-This work, which was referred to in paragraph 211 (a) of last year's Report was completed on the 4th April, 1937.
(b) Diversion Channel and Temporary Dam:-This work, which was referred to in paragraph 211 (b) of last year's Report was completed on the 31st March, 1937.
(c) Construction of the Upper and Lower Sections of Pat Heung Nullah:-Under an extension of the contract for the above work this was commenced on the 21st March, 1937.
226. Road from Kennedy Road to Military Hospital, Bowen Road:-This road, now known as Borrett Road, was constructed to give access to the Military Hospital on Bowen Road. Work commenced on August 15th, 1936, and was com- pleted on August 15th, 1937. The cost was covered by payment into a separate account.
227. Alterations to Storm Water Drainage-Electric Road etc.:-At the request and cost of The Hong Kong Electric Company, Ltd. a large storm water drain diversion was under- taken in Electric Road, in conjunction with a similar drain in Boat Street. Storm water drains from 54" to 42′′ diameter to a total length of 620 feet were laid.
228. Drainage Extensions and Connections:- Various minor extensions and connections to both sewers and storm- water drains were carried out at applicants expense in Hong Kong, Kowloon, New Kowloon and New Territories.
229. Concrete Surfacing for Road to Smuggler's Gap:-A contract was awarded to the Union Construction Co. on 4th November. Satisfactory progress was made by the end of the year.
230. Praya East Reclamation: -480 feet of 15" cast iron main were laid in Hennessy Road, at the Arsenal Street junc- tion, completing the link with the existing 12" main in Queen's Road.
Expenditure
$3,266.82
Q 5.7
LOAN WORKS.
SHING MUN VALLEY SCHEME-2ND SECTION.
231. 24" Diameter Trunk Main:-This work was referred to in paragraph 215 of last year's Report. Pipe laying on the upper section was completed in June. Connections with, altera- tions to, and re-alignment of the lower section of the existing main were completed about the same time. The new main was finally brought into use, after satisfactory tests,
on 2nd July. The work consisted of the duplication of a portion of the existing 24" main which delivers water from Shek Lai Pui Service Reservoir to the Garden Service Reservoir. The portion duplicated is from the former service reservoir to Waterloo Road. The length of new main laid was 16,876 lineal feet of which 4,045 lineal feet were of light section and 12,831 lineal feet were of heavy section pipes. The details of the work appeared in last year's Report.
Expenditure
$ 31,004.93
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937 ...$271,719.37
232. Third Rapid Gravity Filters: -This work was referred to in paragraph 216 of last year's Report. The work was com- pleted on 6th June, 1937, i.e. forty-seven days over the time allowed, for which a penalty of $3,525.00 was charged against the contractor. The filters were brought into use on 14th July, and a fairly high standard of purity of the filtered water was obtained from the start. The cost of the erection of the filters was $51,795.44 and the cost of the plant supplied by The Paterson Engineering Company including freight charges was $162,360.63. During the tenure of the contract the electrical current at the filtration station was changed from single to three phase current by the China Light & Power Company, Ltd.
The work consisted of an additional eight Paterson Rapid Gravity Filters each measuring 24′ x 14′ with a filtering capacity of five million gallons per day together with a chemical house which contains machinery and plant for the addition of chemicals to a capacity of ten million gallons per day. The total filtration capacity at this site (Shek Lai Pui) is now fifteen million gallons per day. Provision has been made for the subsequent addition of a similar set of eight filters when the filtering capacity of the whole plant will be increased to twenty million gallons per day.
Expenditure
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937
.$ 68,995.56
.$273,665.55
:
58
VEHICLES FERRY.
233. Construction of Staging at Jordan Road:-This con- tract was awarded to Messrs. Cheong Kee and work was com- menced in February. On the first of May, the Yaumati Ferry Company's vessel "Man Gok" collided with the staging due to an electrical fault in the steering mechanism, and extensive damage was done to the almost completed structure. All work was eventually completed in June.
Expenditure
$
3,484.03
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937...$1,911,450.97
NEW GAOL AT STANLEY.
234. Gaol Buildings:-This work was referred to in para- graph 218 of last year's Report. The main contract, heating and hot water and the boundary fence were reported completed and the payment of the retention monies was made during the year. The manufacturers in England were again late with the delivery of prison locks and by the end of the year 437 cell and gate locks were still outstanding. The buildings were inspected by His Excellency the Governor, Sir Andrew Caldecott, K.C.M.G, on 18th January and the gaol together with staff quarters was handed over to the Prisons Authorities on 19th January.
European Staff Quarters: This work was reported as com- pleted in paragraph 219 of last year's Report and only the payment of retention monies was required to be made during the year.
Indian and Chinese Staff Quarters, Hospital, and Mosque:- These works were reported as completed in paragraphs 220, 221 and 222 respectively of last year's Report and only the payment of retention monies was required to be made during the year.
Car Shelters: -This work consisted of the erection of two car shelters to accommodate 28 and 10 cars respectively. A contract was let to Messrs. Kin Lee & Co., on 4th August and the work was satisfactorily completed on 15th November.
Additional European Staff Quarters: -Sketch plans were prepared for a block of six flats of three rooms, one to provide accommodation for the Medical Officer as a consulting room with waiting rooms. A contract was let to Messrs. Tak Hing & Co., on 12th April for the building and good progress was made. The wood block flooring was laid by the China Import & Export Co., Ltd.; the hot water system installed by Messrs. Warren & Co., Ltd.; the asphaltic roofing laid by The Texas Co., (China) Ltd., and the metal casement doors and windows were supplied by the Hong Kong Metal Window Manufacturing Co. The work proceeded satisfactorily and was nearing com- pletion by the end of the year.
Q 59
A covered concrete gauge basin was built on the outfall from the septic tank. 253 feet of 3" wrought iron piping was laid to the Chinese and Indian Staff Quarters, and inside services installed at Block K.
3,687 electric lights, 681 power and light sockets, eighty- four ceiling fans, forty-four bells and fifty-two motors installed.
Expenditure
.$ 322,156.29
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937...$3,857,087.25
were
235. Wholesale Market:-This work consisted of the erec- tion of a market on the reclamation at Kennedy Town for the wholesale trade in fresh and salt water fish and vegetables. The buildings are of one storey concrete shelters and each department has its own entrance and exit for. vehicular traffic. Caretaker's quarters were provided. A contract was commenced on 15th March for the piling of the foundations by The Vibro Piling Co., Ltd., and was completed on 12th April. A contract for the buildings was let to Messrs. Tung Shan & Co. and work commenced on 19th April. The buildings were completed on 29th July and taken over by the Urban Council.
Expenditure
NEW CENTRAL MARKET.
.$185,638.18
236. Temporary accommodation:-The scheme involved the demolition of the old Central Market and it was necessary to provide temporary accommodation for the stall holders. The wholesale trade in fish and vegetables was transferred to the new Wholesale Market at Kennedy Town from the South Block of the Western Market and in the latter temporary stalls were erected for the retail trade in beef, pork, fish and poultry from the old Central Market. The work was carried out during August and the old market was vacated on 31st August.
Demolition of Old Central Market:-This work is referred to in paragraph 207 of this Report.
New Central Market:-Sketch plans were prepared for a new market for retail trade only to be erected on the site of the existing market. The plans provide for a building of four stories with the main entrances for the public from Queen's Road and Des Voeux Road. A passenger lift is provided at the latter entrance and the entrances for goods are from Jubilee Street and Queen Victoria Street. On the ground floor are the poultry and fish stalls, while incorporated at this level is a separate public lavatory. On the first floor are the pork and beef stalls and on the second floor are the vegetable and fruit stalls. The third floor is allotted to offices and quarters for the Sanitary Department staff. On the completion of the demoli-
Q 60 -
tion of the old market, a contract was commenced on 1st December for the piling of the foundations by The Vibro Piling Co., Ltd., and though difficulties were caused by the foundations of the old building, fairly good progress was made by the end of the year. Working drawings, Specification and Bills of Quantities for the superstructure were completed to enable tenders to be called for early in 1938.
Three sewer and storm water drain connections were given to the new Wholesale Market at Kennedy Town, and necessary alterations were made to the existing sewer in Queen Victoria Street adjoining.
Expenditure
$34,840.73
237. Wireless Telegraph Station:-Sketch plans were pre- pared for a building to be erected at Hung Hom to provide accommodation for electrical equipment, transmitting hall, office, battery rooms and a studio. A contract for the piling was let to The Hong Kong Engineering and Construction Co., Ltd., on 11th June and this was completed on 10th July at a cost of $4,190.25. A contract for the building was let to Messrs. Tak Hing & Co., on 7th July and the work was satis- factorily completed on 13th December.
Expenditure
.$ 44,603.79
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937......$108,776.58
AIR PORT.
AIRPORT AND SEAPLANE SLIPWAY, ETC.
238. Construction of Fuel and Oil Store:-This work was referred to in paragraph 226 of last year's Report. The only expenditure under this head was on account of the payment of retention money amounting to $1,000 which became due to the Contractor on expiration of the maintenance period of six months.
239. Formation of 'Flight Gap' North of Sai Kung Road:· This work was referred to in paragraph 227 of last year's Report. All construction was completed and the area was laid with black soil and rolled.
240. Major Repairs to Nullahs: -The contract for this work was awarded to Messrs. Sang Lee & Co. on the 16th August. Good progress was made until the typhoon of September 2nd when the contractor's staging and beam shutter- ing was swept out to sea. The contractor, however, completed the repairs on the 18th December. An extension of the contract was granted due to the delay occasioned by the typhoon.
Q 61
241. Boundary Lights: -Twenty-nine boundary and ob- struction lights were installed at Kai Tak Airport.
Expenditure
$ 78,268,39
Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1937....$832,454.98
242. Surfacing of Sai Kung Road at Flight Gap:-(a) From Sam Tack Road to Field Cottage site:-This work was carried out by the Maintenance Contractor and was completed.
(b) From Field Cottage site to Customs Pass Road: -A con- tract was let to Messrs. Sang Lee & Co. for $42,895.00 and work was commenced on 6th September to be completed by 28th November. Work progressed satisfactorily but, owing to drain- age work in progress, it was not possible to make the whole area available to the contractor and the contract time was extended to 28th January, 1938.
OTHER WORKS.
243. In conformity with the usual custom certain works carried out for the Naval, Military and Air Force Authorities.
were
244. A considerable number of both major and minor improvements and additions were made at Cape D'Aguilar; Victoria Peak; Observatory, Marine and Meteorological, and Kai Tak Wireless Telegraph Stations.
245. Improvements to and replacements of apparatuses were carried out to the Police and Harbour services.
246. The transmitting, studio and control instruments relating to Broadcasting and those at the Radio Offices were improved.
247. The administration of the Government Wireless Telegraph School was transferred to the Education Department during the year.
Hong Kong, 1938,
R. M. HENDERSON,
M.INST.C.E., M.I.MECH.E., M.INST.W.E.,
Director of Public Works.
w
- Q 62
Table I.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1936-1937.
1936
1937
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT.Į
Personal Emoluments
$
1,914,641.63 2,097,866.82
Other Charges.
City Hall Library
1,914.95
2,241.99
Conveyance Allowances
39,704.56
42,369.50
Drawing Materials and Mounting
Plans
7,823.54
8,613.21
Electric Fans and Light
30,512.30
8,230.21
Incidental Expenses
4,363.37 6,482.47
Lifts Maintenance,
Government
Buildings
3,924.57
5,239.86
Maintenance and Supply of Furni-
ture
34,271.52
29,809.52
Rent of Public Telephones
1,007.65
Surveying Instruments and Con-
tingencies
912.18
928.84
Technical Library
259.71
124.98
Transport and Travelling Expenses.... Uniforms
9,139.95
9,266.34
3,351.21
3,430.03
Upkeep of Government Garage Plant.
473.19
782.28
Upkeep of Harbour Surveying Plant.
3,977.95
2,366.78
Upkeep and running expenses of
Motor Lorries and Cars
22,592.77
24,892.16
Upkeep of Motor and Steam Rollers.
4,129.93
5,403.72
Upkeep of Quarry Plants
Upkeep of Triangulation Monuments.
15,790.49
12,302.76
185.50
25.50
Radio Telegraph Branch.
Incidental Expenses
Repairs, Stores and Current
Transport
Total Other Charges
803.46
859.53
59,720.91
59,337.87
2,502.02
2,648.14
246,354.08 226,363.34
Total Personal Emoluments
and Other Charges 2,160,995.71 2,324,230.16
M
Q 63
Table 1,-Continued.
Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1936-1937.
1936
1937
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT.
$
$
Special Expenditure.
Electrical Motors
428.23
Two Cars
7,950.78
Spindle Moulding Machine
1,666.01
Diesel Electric Generating Set
23,236.42
Diesel Engine for Lighting Set:
Tytam Tuk
1,507.36
Two Megger Insulation Testing
Machine
1,541.88
One W/T Receiver
Radio Diffusion Instrument
Diver's Motor Boat
W/T Press Reception Apparatus
Two Microphones
1,557.30
227.69
10,357.71
1,868.10
Award for invention of "Tarasmac'
10,000.00
New Submarine Telephone Cable
35,141.39
Two Dennis Arrow Minor Chassis
16,399.28
Three Morse Instruments
844.21
Office Equipment
1,194.87
Short wave Telephone transmitter
78,389.83
Three Electric Motors
569.14
One Compressor for spraying plants. Combined Planing Machine
510.55
2,499.98
Total Special Expenditure...
84,008.58 111,882.15
Total Public Works Dept. Total P. W. Recurrent
2,245,004.29 2,436,112.31 1,309.331.51 1,768,369.96
Total P. W. Extraordinary... 3,052,899.52 1,510,298.07
Total P.W.D., P.W.R. and P.W.E. 6,607,215.32 5,714,780.34
Govt. House & City Development
Works undertaken and charged to
31% Dollar Loan
Miscellaneous Works
Grand Total
924.74
2,784,866.28
747,506.81
991,469.05 734,730.07
10,384,475.39 7,197,017.22
64
Table II.
Comparison of Public Works Recurrent Expenditure 1936-1937,
· 1936
1937
PUBLIC WORKS RECURRENT.
$
HONG KONG,
1:-Buildings.
Maintenance of Buildings
Improvements to Buildings
2:--Communications.
92,224.14 199,321.15
11,044.26
11,591.65
Roads and Bridges in City (Main-
tenance and Improvements) Roads and Bridges outside City
39,080.19
68,493.34
(Maintenance and Improvements).
34,121.15
57,268.22
Maintenance of Telephones including
all Cables
8,177.44 10,710.28
3:-Drainage.
Maintenance of Sewers, Nullahs, &c.
17,303.63 21,673.23
4:-Lighting.
Street Lighting
(107,599.20
192,322.06
80,139.35
5:-Typhoon & Rainstorm Damages.
Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages
96,527.62
215,998.81
6:-Water Works.
Maintenance of City and Hill District.
229,900.79
244,257.41
Maintenance of Village Supplies:-...
3,765.29
5,550.88
Water Meters, upkeep and repairs
46,927.64
64,274.34
7:-Miscellaneous.
Maintenance of Praya Walls and Piers Maintenance of Public Cemetery
10,470.80
16,417.62
935.92
937.93
Maintenance
Maintenance of Chinese Cemeteries...
of Public Recreation
3,899.38
3,992.25
Grounds
1,880.68
1,924.54
Dredging Foreshores
23,862.82
21,698.09
Stores Depreciation
55.05
93.09
Boundary Stones
2,969.61
4,537.30
Survey of Colony
1,519.03
2,089.84
Bathing Places
2,128.15
Maintenance of Vehicles Ferry Pier
8,628.01
at Jubilee Street
14,961.91
KOWLOON.
8:-Buildings.
Maintenance of Buildings
Improvements to Buildings
28,509.46
45,903.84
3,788.84
5,039.00.
Carried forward
861,792.85 1,202,717.88
Q 65
Table II,-Continued.
Comparison of Public Works Recurrent Expenditure 1936–1937.
1936
1937
$
$
Brought forward
9:-Communications.
Roads and Bridges (Maintenance
861,792.35 1,202,717.88
and Improvements)
22,369.94
49,228.88
Maintenance of Telephones
3,335.83
2,509.08
10:-Drainage.
Maintenance of Sewers, Nullahs, &c.
6,848.81
7,246.50
11:-Lighting.
Street Lighting
{
ƒ 32,171.41
72,255.51
39,454.87
12:-Typhoon & Rainstorm Damages.
Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages
13: Water Works.
Maintenance of Water Works
31,989.86
29,268.21
65,725.05 79,619.39
Water Meters, upkeep and repairs
15,499.26
19,181.65
14:-Miscellaneous.
Maintenance of Praya Walls and Piers Maintenance of Chinese Cemeteries... Maintenance of Recreation Grounds...
5,668.29
5,671.52
3,927.54
3.497.91
1,480.28
1,792.59
Maintenance of Vehicles Ferry Pier,
at Jordan Road
14,033.68
6,319.53
NEW KOWLOON.
15:—Buildings.
Maintenance of Buildings
Improvements to Buildings
16: Communications.
3,083.09
>
6,536.76
353.38
1,242.53
Roads and Bridges (Maintenance and
Improvements)
14,794.49
23,504.23
Maintenance of Telephones
407.86
400.40
17:-Drainage.
Maintenance of Sewers, Nullahs, &c.
18:-Lighting.
Street Lighting
3,129.12
4,162.86
19:-Typhoon & Rainstorm Damages.
24,649.24
23,955.63
Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages.
26,589.37 31,034.45
Carried forward
1,177,303.72 1,570.145.51
-
Q 66
Table II,-Continued.
Comparison of Public Works Recurrent Expenditure 1936-1937.
1936
1937
$
$
Brought forward
1,177,308.72 1,570,145.51
20:-Water Works.
Maintenance of Water Works
Water Meters, upkeep and repairs
1,417.92 3,727.99
1,114.85
1,997.26
21:-Miscellaneous.
Maintenance of Praya Walls and
Piers
1,793.47
3,106.12
Maintenance of Chinese Cemeteries...
1,896.15
1,981.84
NEW TERRITORIES.
22:-Buildings.
Maintenance of Buildings
12,255.75
15,233.84
Improvements to Buildings
1,249.67
3,612.75
Maintenance of Lighthouses
2,820.90
7,774.24
23:-Communications.
Roads and Bridges (Maintenance
and Improvements)
38,935.51
58,647.44
Maintenance of Telephones
4,821.54
4,275.93
24:-Drainage.
Maintenance of Sewers, Nullahs, &c.
206.69
253.77
25:-Lighting.
Street Lighting
1,420.80
1,539.20
26:-Typhoon & Rainstorm
Damages.
Typhoon and Rainstorm Damages
57,622.41
89,437.40
27:-Water Works.
Maintenance of Village Supplies
3,514.37
3,949.23
Water Meters, upkeep and repairs
1,000.00
976.03
28:-Miscellaneous.
Maintenance of Praya Walls and
Piers
Total P.W.R.
1,937.76 1,711.41
1,309,311.51 1,768,369.96
Q 67
Table III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1928–1937.
Personal
Emoluments
Year.
Special and Other Expenditure.
Charges.
Annually Extraor- Recurrent dinary Works. Works.
Total Expenditure.
C.
C.
C.
C.
C.
1928.... §1,455,531.13|
27,636.66 1,482,915.36 2,108,515.82* 6,621,821.80
1929.... §1,578,369.44 430,218.28 1,464,558.35 | 2,125,974.96 * 7,647,593.85
1930.... §2,140,642.16 69,141.61 | 1,564,118.43 2,850,498.83 * 8,478,094.19
1931....$2,344,769.78 143,675.84 1,581,926.75 | 2,374,931.99 * 8,229,478.08
*
1932.... §2,164,761.76 138,138.25 1,900,619.99 | 1,967,860.20 8,437,090.71
1933.... §2,145,329.10| 77,544.61 1,553,606.84 3,292,449.05 * 8,464,524.64
1934.... $2,147,921.93 156,719.05 1,683,239.71 3,784,165.51 * 9,155,298.75
1935.... §1,867,187.14 68,148.44 | 1,391,102.74 | 2,801,919.07 * 8,945,344.93
1936.... $2,160,995.71| 84.008.58 1,309,311.51 3,052,899.52 *10,384,475.39
1937.... §2,324,230.16 111,882.15 1,768,369.96 | 1,510,293.07 * 7,197,017.22
§ Includes Senior and Junior Clerical Services.
* These include amount expended on works charged to Loan Funds, Air Ministry, Military Authorities, Government House and City Develop- ment, Building Loan A/c, Hong Kong Travel Association and other Private Lots owners, etc., and Personal Emoluments of Senior and Junior Clerical Services attached to the Department.
Table IV.
STATEMENT OF REVENUE FROM WATERWORKS, 1937.
68
Locality.
City including Wongneichong Village & Properties border-
ing Shaukiwan Road
Hill District
Aberdeen and Aplichau
Shaukiwan District
Meter and Fire
Service Rental.
Excess
Consumption.
Water Rate
at 2%.
Total 1937.
Total 1936.
$
C.
C.
130,342.17
854,232.55
3,039.86
14,087.65
795.00
2,675.00
2,171.85
12,108.60
501,859.93
1,550,504.34
Pokfulum District
1,180.40
1,469,468.20
15,186.70
Repulse Bay District
434.33
3,751.40
Stanley and Tytam
347.91
7,497.60
Deep Water Bay
259.20
534.19
Aberdeen Water Boat Supply ..
3,330.00
3,330.00
2,920.00
Shaukiwan Water Boat Supply
1,750.00
1,750.00
1,750.00
138,570.72
915,153.69
501,859.93
1,555,584.34
1,474,138.20
Kowloon, New Kowloon and
Laichikok
100,464.08
647,276.52
204,879.00
952,619.60
843,330.62
Fanling District
347.99
4,908.74
5,256.73
4,164.86
Taipo District
539.83
936.46
1,476.29
1,536.57
Tsun Wan District
214.16
35.35
249.51
201.14
Un Long District
12.67
44.80
57.47
9.07
Shing Mun District
Laichikok Water Boat Supply...
8.75
650.00
297.00
89,395.00
305.75
90,045.00
88,428.42
Total
240,808.20
1,658,047.56
706,738.93
2,605,594.69
2,411,808.88
17
too? goi
ཎཱ་
CIT
Monthly
POKFULAM.
MONTII.
In Reservoir 1st. of Month.
Delivered
ABERDEEN AREA.
Upper Lower
TYTAM A
In
Delivered
In Tytam
In
Reservoir Reservoir
Reservoir
over
gauge.
1st. of month.
Ist. of month.
over
gauge.
1st. of month.
Byewash Reservoir
Intern
Reserv
1st. of 1st. o
month.
inonth
January
36.00
4.54
75.86
76.46
21.44
261.12
1.04
40.
February
32.48
3.68
87.54
44.22
11.58
230.34
1.72
23.7
March
28.04
8.50
88.63
28.96
16.55
221.84
1.84
24.
April
25.66
3.39
75.14
28.96
13.24
206.84
2.18
27.3
May
21.00
15.22
64.00
27.73
38.30
197.70
2.45
30.1
June
42.38
58.30
96.03
32.33
75.14
251.08
5.77
99.9
July
60.22
64.86
173.23
87.25
90.10
361.79
21.00
188.0
August
60.04
59.71
173.23
106.89
86.03
344.56
16.80
195.!
September
63.08
47.58
173.23
106.89
88.43 361.08
22.16
195.1
October
65.46
15.69
171.94
106.89
62.46 337.82
18.20
195.
November
60.04
8.92
154.32
103.07
28.27
294.10
8.58
195.9
December
53.44
5.70
141.32
103.39
26.36
259.44
2.67
195.
Totals 1937
*291.09
$557.90
Totals 1936
286.21
685.58
Increase or
decrease
+4.88
- 127.68
* Part of the Dairy Farm supplied in addition.
Aberdeen Village and Aplichau supplied in addition.
Stanley supplied in addition.
7
5
Q 69
Table V.
CITY AND HILL DISTRICT WATER WC
Monthly Consumption & Contents of Reservoirs (3
POKFULAM.
ABERDEEN AREA.
TYTAM AREA.
WONG NEI CHE
In Reservoir 1st. of Month.
Upper Lower
Delivered
Reservoir
Reservoir
Delivered
In Tytam Reservoir
over
1st. of
over
In Byewash Reservoir
In Interm. Reservoir
In Tytam
In
Tuk Reservoir
Delivered
Reservoir Deliv
1st. of
gauge.
month.
month.
gauge.
1st. of month.
1st. of
1st. of
1st. of
over
gauges.
1st. of month.
OV
gau
month.
month.
month.
36.00
4.54
75.86
76.46
21.44
261.12
1.04
40.52
993.66
212.18
13.08
32.48
3.68
87.54
44.22
11.58
230.34
1.72
23.70
836.50
182.42
11.46
28.04
3.50
88.63
28.96
16.55
221.84
1.84
24.46
660.66
207.12
9.91
25.66
3.39
75.14
28.96
13.24
206.84
2.18
27.15
493.92
197.91
9.02
21.00
15.22
64.00
27.73
38.30
197.70
2.45
30.30
341.74
223.09
8.48
42.38
58.30
96.03
32.33
75.14
251.08
5.77
99.20
597.50
145.68
18.96
60.22
64.86
173.23
87.25
90.10
361.79
21.00
188.00
1,149.75
183.46
25.19
60.04
59.71
173.23
106.89
86.03
344.56
16.80
195.90
1,406.00
174.44
21.18
63.08
47.58
173.23
106.89
88.43
361.08
22.16
195.90 1,406.00
177.55
28.86
65.46
15.69
171.94
106.89
62.46
337.82
18.20
195.90 1,406.00
225.66
23.21
60.04
8.92
154.32
103.07
28.27
294.10
8.58
195.90 1,317.08
232.66
17.31
53.44
5.70
141.32
103.39
26.36
259.44
2.67
195.90 1,146.25
238.50
15.32
*291.09
$557.90
†2,400.62
286.21
685.58
2,574.88
I'
+ 4.88
- 127.68
*Part of the Dairy Farm supplied in addition.
‡ Aberdeen Village and Aplichau supplied in addition.
+ Stanley supplied in addition.
- 174.26
+
39
e V.
WATER WORKS 1937.
Reservoirs (Millions of Gallons).
ONG NEI CHEONG.
TOTAL CONTENTS OF IM-
In servoir st. of ionth.
POUNDING
WONG NEI CHEONG
TOTAL DELIVERED
CONSUMPTION.
OVER
COLLEC-
CONDUIT
TION FROM
RESERVOIR From
INTAKES
Delivered
RESER-
10".
over
gauge.
VOIRS 1ST.
INTAKE,
OF MONTH.
GAUGES
Island AND 10" Reservoirs INTAKE. (Filtered).
From Mainland (Filtered).
RAINFALL
Total Unfiltered Filtered Supplies.
Grand
(+) OR
INCHES.
Total
LEAKAGE
(-)
13.08
1,497.74
3.27
241.38
235.66
146.19
381.85
5.29
387.14
11.46
1,267.96
2.60
200.28
196.29
121.56
317.85
5.72 323.57
9.91
1,064.34
2.49
229.66
230.29
101.49
331.78
6.33 338.11
+ + 1
.43
2.765
1.73
.310
6.96
3.445
9.02
868.37
2.21
216.75
210.79
123.07
333.86
4.41
338.27
1.55
2.260
8.48
3.00
693.40
4.12
283.73
284.72
122.21
406.93
4.88
411.81 + 5.87
11.120
18.96
20.46
1,143.25
9.33
308.91
322.64
76.10
398.74
7.50
406.24 + 21.23
13.265
25.19
25.20 2,066.43
13.54
377.16
393.92
98.46
492.38
5.43
497.81
+ 22.19
19.315
21.18
18.70 2,324.60
15.88
354.76
381.90
125.34
507.24
4.36
511.60 + 31.50
14.355
28.86
24.39
2,357.20
13.86
351.81
364.08
161.33
525.41
4.18
529.59 + 16.45
12.525
23.21
7.17
2,325.42
9.12
320.10
323.63
173.72
497.35
5.18
502.53 + 8.71
1.500
17.31
2,150.40
5.95
275.80
281.60
159.87
441.47
6.39
447.86 + 12.19
1.035
15.32
1,917.73
4.59 275.15
271.53
150.28 421.81
6.06
427.87 + 2.44
.605
98.92
86.96 3,435.49 3,497.05
1,559.62
5,056.67
65.73 5,122.40
+127.29
82.500
77.42
77.32 3,701.41 3,723.99
789.23
4,513.22
64.33
4,577.55
+ 86.91
69.770
+21.50
+9.64
- 265.92 - 226.94
+770.39
+ 543.45
+1.40
+ 544.85
+ 40.38
+12.730
Sources of unfiltered supplies:-Bowen Road
7.72
Pokfulam Conduit
49.73
Blue Pool
5.62
Mint Dam
.77
Sookunpoo Valley Intake
1.89
Total....
65.73
Table VI.
CITY AND HILL DISTRICT WATER WORKS 1937. Particulars of Metered and Unmetered Supplies.
(Millions of Gallons.)
FILTERED SUPPLY.
70
METERED.
MONTH.
UN-
METERED
City.
High Level
Govt.Build-
District Peak
CITY.
ings Free
Trade. Domestic.
Including District. of Charge. Repulse Bay.
Total.
TOTAL
METERED
AND UN-
METERED.
UNFIL-
TERED
SUPPLY
GRAND
TOTAL
METERED.
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September October
November December ..
Total 1937
381.85
5.29
387.14
4th Qr. 3rd Qr. 2nd Qr. 1st Qr.
354.91
428.93 131.76
22.30 9.22 84.36
676.57
317.85
5.72
323.57
331.78
6.33
338.11
333.86
4.41
338.27
265.01
577.11 182.32 24.89
9.61
80.59 874.52
406.93
4.88
411.81
398.74
7.50
406.24
492.38
5.43
497.81
549.28
633.84
209.43 27.27 12.32
92.89 975.75
507.24
4.36
511.60
525.41
4.18
529.59
497.35
5.18
502.53
449.47
578.59
199.51
29.74 13.22
90.10 911.16
441.47
6.39
447.86
421.81
6.06
427.87
•••
Total 1936
Increase or
Decrease
1,618.67 2,218.47 723.02 1,581.85 1,942.58 563.05
104.20 44.37
80.15 54.25
347.94 3,438.00 5,056.67 291.34 2,931.37 4,513.22
65.73
5,122.40
64.33 4,577.55
+36.82 +275.89 +159.97
+24.05 -9.88+ 56.60 +506.63 + 543.45
+ 1.40
+544.85
Table VII.
CITY AND HILL DISTRICT WATER WORKS 1937.
PUMPED FILTERED WATER
FOR CONSUMPTION IN PEAK DISTRICT.
PUMPED FILTERED WATER FOR CONSUMPTION
J
IN HIGH LEVEL DISTRICT
(INCLUDING REPULSE BAY).
NOTE.
The figures in the various columns are computed as follows:-
a. Sum of (i) Two Peak Master Meters. (ii) Domestic meters not checked by above.
b. Mount Cameron Rising Main Meter (if available) (Based on Distribution Main Meter or pump revolutions if not available).
c. Sum of (i) Barker Road Tank Master Meter.
(ii) I. L. 2314 Domestic meter. (iii) R. B. L. 224 Domestic meter.
MONTH.
Road
Middle
Deduct
Supply
Pokfulam
Bowen Eastern
Add
GRAND
TOTAL
Pokfulam
Station
Gap
Released to
Total
Road
Road
Filters
Supply
Station
High Level
Station
Station
Station
From Peak
Total
District
District
a
b
c
d
f
g
h
January
February
March
5.08
1.05
.34
5.79
11.65
3.17
1.79
.34
16.95
22.74
4.30
.93
.29
4.94
9.28
2.76
1.52
.29
13.85
18.79
4.28
.96
30
4.94
7.74
3.12
1.71
.30
12.87
17.81
April
May
June
July
August
September
4.24
.97
.27
4.94
8.43
3.04
1.85
.27
13.59
18.53
4.65
1.11
.31
5.45
8.14
4.03
3.25
.31
15.73
21.18
4.68
1.06
.34
5.40
7.60
3.93.
2.10
.34
14.02
19.42
5.37
1.15
.37
6.15
8.80
4.31
2.38
.37
15.86
22.01
(iv) I. L.
(v) I. L.
5.47
1.12
.45
6.14
10.77
3.44
2.31
.45
16.97
23.11
5.73
1.35
.50
6.58
11.83
3.87
2.82
.50
19.02
25.60 d. A & B-C.
October
6.15
.84
.39
6.60
12.30
3.54
2.44
.39
18.67
November
5.40
1.10
.36
6.14
10.68
2.87
2.24
.36
16.15
22.29
December
5.44
1.06
.39
6.11
9.83
3.65
2.24
.39
16.11
22.22
Total 1937
60.79
12.70
4.31
69.18
117.05
41.78
26.65
4.31
189.79
258.97
Total 1936
72.01
251.88
323.89
:
Increase or
Decrease
2.83
-62.09
-64.92
N. B. Pokfulam Road Pumps also pumped to West Point Service Reservoir during eight months, but as this water was consumed in the City District it has not been included in the High Level consumption.
3894 Domestic meter. 3898 Domestic meter.
25.27 e. Sum of (i) 750′ Master Meter.
(ii) Queen Mary Master Meter. †. Bowen Road Filters Master Meter. g. * Sum of (i) Jardine's Lookout Rising Main Master Meter. (ii) Middle Gap Rising Main Master Meter.
* Less Mount Cameron Rising Main Master Meter based on pump revolu- tions when meter readings are not available.
h. As C above.
Table VIII.
VILLAGE AND WATER BOAT SUPPLIES 1937 HONG KONG. Details of Consumption (Millions of Gallons).
ABERDEEN AND APLICHAU.
72
SHAUKIWAN CHAI WAN SUPPLY.
STANLEY.
DEEP WATER BAY.
METERED
MONTH.
Total From
METERED
METERED
Un-
Non
Chai Wan
Un-
Boat
Govt.
metered
Non
Total
Govt.
Supply
Boat
Govt.
metered
Non
Govt.
Govt.
Un-
metered
Total
Metered
Meter
Slip
Total
Govt.
January
.13
†.77
† 1.81
2.66
.28
.61
.68
2.17
3.74
.05
.75
1.60
2.40
.20
.20
February
.21
† .69
† 2.29
2.18
.39
.67
.60
2.49
4.15
.05
.79
2.11
2.95
.16
.16
March
.10
.50
2.47
1.31
4.38
.30
.60
.64
3.04
4.58
.05
1.33
1.09
2.47
.17
+ .01
.16
April
.10
.62
2.73
2.13
5.58
32
.56
.74
3.20
4.82
.02
1.28
1.94
3.24
.24
.24
May
.08
3.09
1.67
5.56
.39
.68
.88
3.25
5:20
1.19
1.57
.96
3.72
.28
.04
.32
June
.11
.69
3.59
1.37
5.76
.25
.63
.92
2.68
4.48
1.09
1.32
.98
3.39
.23
.01
.22
July
.08
.77
3.74
1.01
5.60
.13
.33
.98
2.82
4.26
1.23
1.31
1.24
3.78
27
.02
.25
August
.11
.88
3.88
.67
5.54
.13
.45
.89
2.47
3.94
1.46
1.40
1.11
3.97
.25
.02
.23
September
.09
.86
3.71
1.04
5.70
23
.53
.96
2.38
4.10
1.67
1.61
.95
4.23
October
.33
+ .03
.30
.17
.88
3.48
1.07
5.60
.32
.47
.90
2.87
4.56
1.63
1.82
1.25
4.70
.42
November
+ .08
.34
.30
1.06
3.27
1.00
5.63
.37
.49
.86
2.24
3.96
1.53
1.85
1.82
5.20
.37
+ .07
.30
December
.28
†1.06
† 2.82
3.90
.29
.59
.81
2.10
3.79
1.14
1.61
2.09
4.84
.33
+ .02
.31
Total 1937
1.76
9.50
36.88
11.27
58.09
3.40
6.61
9.86
31.71
51.58
11.11
16.64
17.14
44.89
3.25
*
+ .22
3.03
Total 1936
1.74
31.73
60.80
2.95
25.08
37.22
9.63
21.46
2.27
Increase or
Decrease
+ .02
- 20.46
2.71
+ .45
+ 6.63
+14.36
+ Chai Wan supply augmented from the city system.
+ 7.51 +23.43
* Master meter slip.
.76
}
73
Main
Byewash
Shek Li
Pui
Table IX.
KOWLOON WATER WORKS 1937.
Contents of Reservoirs and Details of Monthly Consumptions in Millions of Gallons.
RESERVOIR CONTENTS.
TOTAL
CONTENTS
METERED SUPPLY.
Reception
OF
Govt.
MONTH.
Reservoir Reservoir
Reservoir
Jubilee
Reservoir
1st. of
1st. of
1st. of
Reservoir
RESERVOIRS
1ST. OF
Trade.
Domestic.
Building
Total.
Free of
UN-
METERED
SUPPLY.
GRAND
REMARKS.
TOTAL.
1st. of
month.
month.
month.
month.
MONTH.
Charge.
August
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
September
352.50
69.48
96.91
33.15
1,498.00
2,050.04
240.91
October
November
December
Total 1937
Total 1936
Increase or
Decrease
1st Qr. 2nd Qr. 3rd Qr. 4th Qr.
302.40
82.40
94.50
32.71
1,228.00
1,740.01 270.04
109.41
49.23
428.68
274.32
213.18
229.36
85.87
91.80
20.67
1,025.00
1,452.70
248.91
196.58
38.33
91.50
29.19
821.00
1,176.60
260.12
176.70
33.48
90.00
33.15
565.00
898.33
331.93
140.67
50.15
522.75
344.01
305.13
208.10
40.13
104.76
33.15
804.00
1,190.14
301.51
239.00
37.48
83.27
28.53
1,174.00
1,562.28
316.01
352.50
128.29
95.70
29.85
1,893.00
2,499.34
408.01
177.44
52.48
637.93
313.94
306.57
352.50 185.50
116,10
33.15
3,000.00 3,687.25
329.29
352.50
352.50
185.18
114.40
172.20
115.76
352.50
110.68
169.67
3,000.00 28.09
33.15
2,606.00 33.15
3,681.53
316.44
2,896.00
3,568.25
374.52
165.54
60.06
600.12
241.07
270.76
3,272.00
- 253.99.
•
1,384.50 593.06
211.92
1,160.37
486.40
190.15
2,189.48
1,836.92
1,173.34
3,362.82
945.93
2,782.85
+ 224.13 +106.66
+21.77
+352.56 +227.41
+ 579.97
Table X.
VILLAGE AND WATER BOAT SUPPLIES 1937 MAINLAND
Details of Consumption (Millions of Gallons).
Q.74 —
LAICHIKOK
FANLING
TAIPO
TSUN WAN
UN LONG
WATER BOAT
SUPPLY
Metered
Metered
Metered
Metered
MONTH.
Unmetered
Total
Unmetered
Total
Unmetered
Total
Unmetered
Total
Non
Non
Non
Non
Metered
Govt.
Govt.
Govt.
Govt.
Govt.
Govt.
Govt.
Govt.
January
7.61
.06
1.06
.13
February
6.26
.05
.88
.19
March
8.00
.05
.92
.13
April
8.55
.06
.82
.01
May
8.63
.05
.71
.19
June
6.84
.11
.77
July
7.49
.09
.62
.06
August
8.18
.10
.45
.13
AAACA BR
1.25
.15
.19
2.32
2.66
.05
1.63
1.68
.03
.03
1.04
1.10
1.12
...14
.22
1.54
1.90
.04
.01
1.46
1.51
.03
.03
.90
.96
1.10
.13
.19
3.82
4.14
.04
.01
1.72
1.77
.04
.02
.88
.94
.89
.13
.20
3.18
3.51
.03
.01
1.96
2.00
.04
.02
1.01
1.07
.95
.11
.27
4.02
4.40
.02
.01
2.07
2.10
.05
.02
1.56
1.63
.88
.12
.22
3.20
3.54
.02
.02
2.26
2.30
.05
.02
1.30
1.37
.77
.12
.28
3.48
3.88
.04
.03
2.57
2.64
.05
.03
1.20
1.28
.68
.07
.29
2.82
3.18
.04
September
9.41
.09
.56
.16
.81
.29
*.41
2.57
3.27
.04
1 1
2.09
2.13
.04
.04
1.10
1.18
1.64
1.68
.07
.04
1.26
1.37
October
8.88
.08
.71
.18
.97
.25
.33
2.88
3.46
.06
.01
1.71
1.78
.06
.06
1.20
1.32
November
8.62
.04
1.16
.30
1.50
.30
.33
2.55
3.18
.02
.01
1.74
1.77
.05
.08
1.20
1.33
December
7.86
.07
1.08
.25
1.40
.28
.29
3.08
3.65
.02
1.96
1.98
.04
.07
1.20
1.31
Total 1937
96.33
.85
9.74
1:73
12.32
2.09
3.22
35.46
40.77
.42
.11
22.81
23.34
.55
.46
13.85
14.86
Total 1936
92.43
12.36
25.93
33.64
20.87
21.23
11.64
12.35
Increase or
Decrease
+ 3.90
.04
+ 9.53
+ 7.13
+ 1.94
+ 2.11
+ 2.21
+ 2.51
Table XI.
Statement of Rainfall for the year at various points in the Colony.
Royal
MONTH.
Observa-
tory.
Tytam
Public Tytam Tuk Garden. Reservoir. Reservoir.
Pokfulum
Reservoir.
Wong Nei
Shing Mun Shing Mun Shing Mun Kowloon
Aberdeen
Chong
Valley
Valley
Reservoir.
Reservoir.
No. 1.
No. 2.
Valley Reservoir No. 3. No. 4.
Shek
Li Pui
Reservoir.
Taipo
Quarters.
Fanling. Un Long
Q 75
January
2.765
2.90
2.25
1.91
2.45
1.92
2.16
.68
2.23
1.96
2.37
2.07
1.90
2.02
February
.310
.19
1.07
1.15
.87
.80
.63
1.85
1.03
.77
.68
.52
.51
March
.53 No gauge
3.445
2.97
3.33
3.48
2.48
2.71
2.84
2.36
2.76
2.69
3.67
3.01
2.59
2.09
April
2.260
1.41
3.99
3.40
.98
2.02
1.37
3.27
3.66
3.20
2.98
2.03
3.89
3.99
3.31
May
11.120
12.44
17.34
15.95
12.15
13.69
12.17
15.36
14.32
15.38
13.93
13.50
15.12
8.24
10.11
June
13.265
13.39
17.94
15.21
12.48
17.18
14.43
11.09
11.48
11.05
12.89
11.17
9.48
6.60
4.85
July
19.315
@ 19.63
17.46
15.99
16.96
20.70
19.08
.16.88
17.58
18.02
18.62
17.65
16.33
13.07
11.79
August
14.355
14.27
16.75
16.66
14.25
16.54
15.11
29.75
30.34
27.38
19.97
19.03
24.63
16.30
13.29
September
12.525
8.90
12.84
12.56
8.38
15.35
11.28
12.88
13.04
12.44
12.74
11.54
13.64
13.94
11.17
October
1.500
1.16
2.02
1.74
1.23
1.33
1.47
4.25
3.86
4.18
3.34
3.19
2.83
2.42
2.20
November
1.035
1.99
1.15
1.03
1.29
1.10
1.55
.60
.64
.69
1.13
1.05
1.24
.53
.10
December
.605
.69
.73
.78
.60
.60
.49
.16
.14
· 11′′
.53
.49
.67
.64
.25
Total 1937
82.500
79.94
96.87
89.86
74.12
93.94
82.58
99.13
101.08
97.87
92.85
85.25
92.83
70.19
57.07
Total 1936
69.770
73.74
72.16
70.07
64.11
74.12
66.85
74.54
91.94
54.79
81.88
67.01
88.85
88.19
Increase or
Decrease
+ 12.730
+6.20 +24.71
+19.79 +10.01
+ 19.82
+ 15.73 + 24.59
+9.14
+ 43.08
+10.97
+18.24
+3.98
- 18.00
Table XII.
•Lengths of all water mains on the island of 2" diameter and upwards, excluding old rider mains and private supplies.
Diameters in inches and lengths in feet.
Description
Total
Lengths.
2"
3′′
4"
5′′
6"
7" 8" 10" 12" 14" 15"
18" 21"
24"
Q 76
Distribution
Mains City & Mid. Levels Distribution Mains Peak
19695
Distribution Mains Villages
17664
Pumping Mains
11134 56166 43646
20412
29863 20743
1840
28185 82588 7670 22435 21180 16972 3790 14315 8710
2680
319471
9750
4090
840
I
-
54787
3278
6741
78289
16289
14790
2270
1450
100 280 700 36033
73752
Unfiltered Mains
Supplying Filters.
504
6700
560
4520
28208 3363
43855
Cross Harbour
Mains
566
5914
|
5914
12394
Back Lane Pipes and Sub Mains
All sizes
194732
194732
Unfiltered Supply Mains-City
1650 8720
380
2870
13620
Total-island
244875 118071
74519
51842
114529
7670 | 24705 | 23100 | 27506 407015015 | 78865
3363 2680
790900
-
Miles.
149.8
Table XIII.
Lengths of all water mains on the mainland of 2′′ diameter and upwards,
excluding private supplies.
Diameters in inches and lengths in feet.
Description
Total.
2"
21"
3′′
4"
5"
6"
7"
8"
10"
12"
15" 18" 24"
Trunk and Supply
Mains
324
1478
1690
1845
465 13959 10384
30145
Distribution Mains
Kowloon
2510
7852
41032
8130
45025
5900
17350
5850 34200
5450
1400 17200
191899
Distribution Mains
New Kowloon
5420
7850
5420
920 46863
8480
4970 7487
(14500
101910
Back Lane Service
Pipes, Kowloon
99373
4294
..
103667
Back Lane Service
77
Pipes, New Kow- loon
48399
Total Mains Kow-
750
49149
loon Water Works 155702
Village Supplies
21070 46452
6364
639
31475 29618
9050
10155 30023
93366
5900
27520
10820 43532 5915 15359 42084
476770
780
A
M
109054
Total Mains
162966
639 52545
76070
19205
123389
6680
27520
10820 43532 5915 15359 42084
585824
|-
——
Miles.
110.9
-
Q 78
Table XIV.
BUILDINGS ORDINANCE OFFICE.
Buildings for which plans were deposited 1936 and 1937.
Buildings etc.
1936. 1937. Increase. Decrease.
New European houses
54
70
16
New Chinese houses
238
193
45
New buildings and structures
other than above
311
333
22
Alterations and additions to
existing buildings
2,437
2,040
397
Verandahs
153
33
120
Balconies
38
95
57
Sunshades
Canopies
Piers
4
2
Wells
205
184
21
Total
3,438
2,954
Table XV.
69
99
583
BUILDINGS ORDINANCE OFFICE.
Notices served and Permits Issued 1936 and 1937.
1936. 1937.
Increase.
Decrease.
Dangerous Structural Notices
141
251
100
Miscellaneous Notices
451
412
89
Private Street Improvement Notices including footpaths under verandahs and bal- conies'
49
145
96
Notices in respect of nuisances reported by Officers of the
Sanitary Department
1,915
1,523
392
New Permits issued
378
285
93
Permits renewed
96
103
7
TOTALS
ANNUAL
4000
3500
3000
*
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
YEAR
1905
O
90
07
80
11
60
0161
- Q 79
Table XVI.
CURVE INDICATES
NUMBER OF PLANS
PLANS (INCLUDING NEW WORKS
Works
1571
1263
12
13
9/11
946
1208
1191
AND WORKS OF ALTERATION) APPROVED
1477
1644
9881
6091
5678
1426
1712
1818
2049
61
1965
1920
2016
21
2458
22
1993
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
1930
31
32
33
34
35
36
24-82
37
2130
14
Q 80 →→→→
Table XVII.
CURVE
INDICATES
NUMBER
TOTALS
ANNUAL
2000
1750
00
1500
1250
1000
750
500
250
0
YEAR
258
1905
OF DOMESTIC BUILDINGS COMPLETED
90
07
149
140
08
145
09
148
1910
86
195
12
220
13
334
14
312
15
332
10
312
17
335
18
406
19
457
1920
415
21
570
22
726
23
985
24
1955
25
1771
26
814
27
459
28
506
694
6001
1601
31
32
33
34
365
35
270
36
237
37
168
29
1930
1376
1472
:
Q 81
Table XVIII.
Resumptions in connection with Street Widening, New Roads, Improvement Schemes, etc.
Number of
Amount
Purpose of Resumption
properties
paid
dealt with
HONG KONG.
$
(a) Resumption for Road Wid- ening Schemes etc.
3
3,030.65
(b) Resumption of St. Peter's
Church, West Point
1
8,010.99
4
$11,041.64
KOWLOON.
Development in accordance with
the approved Town Plan- ning Scheme
NEW KOWLOON.
(a) Development in accordance with the approved Town Planning Scheme
10
5
$1,014.00
9
$1,876.66
(b) Resumption of various agri- cultural lots in S. D. I and S. D. II in connec-
tion with the improve- ment of the roads to Sha Tin Pass and Cus-
toms Pass for the Mili-
tary Authorities
24
1,482.35
33
$3,359.01
Q 82
REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE CROWN LANDS & SURVEYS DEPARTMENT, P.W.D., HONG KONG, FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST DECEMBER, 1937.
1. The Staff of this Department as authorised for the year ending 31st December, 1937, consisted of:-The Superintendent of Crown Lands and Surveys, Assistant Superindent of Crown Lands, Assistant Superintendent of Surveys, eight* Land Surveyors, five First Class Assistant Land Surveyors (Chinese), four second Class Assistant Land Surveyors (Chinese), twenty- one ¶ Third Class Assistant Land Surveyors (Chinese), four Computers (Chinese), eighty-two Survey Coolies, one Chief Draughtsman, fourteent Draughtsmen (Chinese), one Senior Clerical and Accounting Staff Clerk (Local Section), seven Junior Clerical Service Clerks (Chinese), seven Omce Attendants and Messengers, two Senior Land Bailiffs, and four ‡ Land Bailiffs.
EXPENDITURE.
2. The statement of costs is as follows:
Personal Emoluments (Saiaries, etc.)
318,967.11
Boundary Stones
4,537.30
Survey of Colony
2,089.84
Surveying Instruments and Contingencies
252.70
Transport & Travelling Expenses
2,294.91
Upkeep of Triangulation Monuments
25.50
Drawing Materials and Mounting Plans ...
3,800.98
Incidental Expenses, General
341.69
Uniforms
151.15
Electric Fans, Lights and Gas.
1,712.90
General Works—“Miscellaneous, New Kowloon"
General Works-Miscellaneous, Kowloon” General Works-Miscellaneous, Hong Kong"..
*
Two were on long leave.
Total
105.20
.$334,279.28
Two seconded to the Buildings Ordinance Office and Valuation and Resumptions Office respectively during the latter part of the year.
One seconded to the District Office, North, and one transferred to District
Office, South, and two were on long leave, for varying periods.
¶ One invalided on 22.11.37.
was:
Q 83
REVENUE.
3. The total amount of revenue received for the year 1937
Premia, Hong Kong, Kowloon, New Kowloon
and New Territories
Boundary Stone Fees & Survey Fees, Hong
Kong, Kowloon, New Kowloon and New Territories
Permits, Fees from, Hong Kong, Kowloon, New
Kowloon and New Territories
$533,525.59
24,165.28
304,420.00
Plans sold to the Public
837.00
Temporary Piers, Fees from, Hong Kong, Kowloon, New Kowloon and New Territories.
11,161.68
Total
$974,109.55
Note:-The above amount includes sums of $19,276.09 and $10,933.41 collected by District Officer/South and District Officer/North respectively during the year.
CROWN LANDS.
4. Land Sales, Extensions, Grants, etc:-The total amount of premia paid into the Treasury during the year was $557,690.87 of which $19,221.50 was derived from fees for survey and boundary stones. The estimates for the year were $206,000.00— for Premia on new leases and $30,000.00 for Boundary stones and Survey Fees. Table A gives a comparative statement and Table B gives a graph of the revenue derived from Land Sales, etc., for the years 1928-1937.
are included in
5. Sales by Public Auction:-These Table A at the end of this Report. The principal one involved the sales in Hong Kong of two areas, one of 316,200 square feet to Messrs. Chan Shu Lam and Chan Shu Kui which realized a premium of $79,050.00 and one of 185,800 square feet to Messrs. Eu Tong Sen, Ltd. which realized the sum of $51,060.00. An area in Kowloon was sold to Messrs. Eu Tong Sen, Ltd. realizing a premium of $50,400.00.
6.
Sales without Auction: -These are also included in Table A.
7.
Extensions:-These are also included in Table A.
8. Exchanges: -These are also included in Table A.
9.
Grants on nominal terms:-There were three grants
during the year and all were in Hong Kong.
Q 84
10. Grants on short leases:—There were no Grants during
the year.
11.
Extensions of terms of leases: -There were twelve ex- tensions of terms of leases during the year involving a total area of 102,882 square feet and deriving a total premium of $8,270.12.
12. Piers: (a) Permanent:-There is nothing to report in this section.
(b) Temporary:-Licences to erect three new piers, one in Hong Kong and two in the New Territories were issued during the year. Total fees for the year for all temporary piers amounted to $11,161.68 and premia $1,271.00.
13. Re-entries:-Thirty-four lots in Hong Kong (five of which were cancelled), twelve lots in Kowloon (four of which were cancelled), ten lots in New Kowloon (two of which were cancelled), one hundred and one lots in the New Territories, Southern District, and three hundred and thirty four lots in the New Territories, Northern District, were re-entered during the year.
14. Permits to occupy land for short periods:-These were of a very miscellaneous character and too numerous to admit of individual attention. (a) The total amount of fees collected during the year was $304,420.00. New permits issued during the year totalled 631 and 327 were cancelled for various reasons, the total number of permits in force during the year being 5,562. (b) The total amount of permit fees collected during the year in the New Territories was $2,159.14 in the Northern District and $381.50 in the Southern District respectively.
15. Prospecting and Mining Licences:-There were no new Prospecting and Mining Licences issued during the year and no renewals.
16. Cemeteries.-Two areas, one at Hammer Hill in New Kowloon (area 100 acres) now known as Hammer Hill Urn Cemetery, and the other, between Chai Wan and Tytam Gap, in Hong Kong (area 16.79 acres) now known as Chai Wan Cemetery, were set aside as above.
Drawing Office.
17. A staff of one Chief Draughtsman and fourteen Chinese draughtsmen was employed during the year, the Chief Draughts- man was on leave for 8 months, and two Chinese draughtsmen were seconded to other departments during the last half of the year. 7,071 plans detailed below were prepared in connection with thirty-seven land sales, 466 leases and miscellaneous permits, exchanges, etc.
Land Sales
Leases
Miscellaneous
Q 85
Drawings.
Original Tracings.
Prints.
74
222
932
932
279
4,632
74
1,211
5,786
Eighty-two plans were prepared and sold to the Public, the sum realized being $837.00. A large number was supplied free to various Government Departments.
TRIGONOMETRICAL SURVEYS.
Beacons were inspected at the following stations:- Victoria Peak, Mount Gough, Mount Kellet, Ada Rise, Round Island, Overbays, Whitty Street, Stanley, Red Hill, Boa Vista, Pottinger Peak, Kai Lung Wan, Summit Hill, Partridge Hill, Kowloon City, Diamond Hill, Tate's Cairn, Kowloon Peak, Beacon Hill, Lai Chi Kok, Danger Flag Hill, Mission Hill, Cha Kwo Ling, Kai Kung Ling, Ma On Kong, Kam Tin I, Kam Tin II, Tai Mo Shan, Au Tau Main, Au Tau Minor, Wong Toi Shan, Tai Tong, Castle Peak, Castle Peak Pier, Castle Peak North, Castle Peak East, Ping Shan, Ha Tsun, Wang Chau, Un Tai Shan, Tai Lam Chung, Lamti, Shek Po, Sha Tin, High Junk Peak, Chu Lo Kok, and a new military Station at Shek Kok Tsui.
REVENUE SURVEYS & GENERAL.
19. The more important work under this heading included the following:--
HONG KONG ISLAND.
One Tree Island was surveyed-area 3 acres-and the poși- tion of the measured mile post was re-established in relation to the transit posts on Round Island.
Survey of Sham Wan Cemetery. Area 6 acres.
Survey and plotting Sywan Military Reserve with adjoining coast line. Area 216 acres.
Tytam Tuk Reservoir. Survey and plotting of overflow mark 31⁄2 miles. Area of reservoir 83.3 acres..
14,800 feet of Water Pipe lines were surveyed in the dis- tricts of Mount Cameron and Repulse Bay Road.
Survey of Jardine's property at Causeway Bay. Area 22 acres.
86
Wong Nei Chong Valley was surveyed for layout and proposed new road from Blue Pool Road and to Tai Hang Road.
Kennedy Town, adjoining the new market, in connection with layout and drainage system.
Rural Building Lots 6 and 8 on the Peak were surveyed, boundaries fixed and areas of sections determined.
out.
The Government cross-harbour electric cable line was set
NEW KOWLOON.
Surveys were made and 1/2,400 scale plans prepared of the R.A.F. Officers' Quarters at Ngau Chi Wan (34 acres) and the portion of Kai Tak Airport occupied by the R.A.F. (331 acres).
Survey of new Urning Ground at Hammer Hill (100 acres).
NEW TERRITORIES.
Setting out Shek Wu Hui New Town-planning layout.
Setting out proposed amended boundaries of W.D. Lot No. 32 (74.7 acres).
Setting out Mining Lot No. 3, Lin Ma Hang (1,346 acres).
Survey of Un Long district in connection with the new lay out scheme. Area 200 acres and chainage 115,900 feet.
Setting out and plotting at Taipo Market. Area surveyed and plotted 206 acres. Chainage 33,800 feet.
Surveyed and plotted Wan Chau Villages. Area 30 acres. Chainage 19,400 feet.
The height to which the sea rose at Taipo Market in the typhoon of September 2nd was determined 20.06 feet above O.D. or 16.37 feet above M.S.L. This is recorded in the China Light & Power Co.'s Office at Taipo Market.
20. Survey and preparation of plans of areas at Chung Hue South, Chung Hue North, Port Shelter, Green Island, Tytam Tuk, Overbays, Repulse Bay and Tytam Gap preparatory to transfer to Military Authorities.
21. Surveys were made in detail for plans to be attached to Crown Leases of 535 lots. These surveys entailed very accurate measurements of all boundaries, dimensions in every case being given to the nearest inch. Co-ordinate values of each angle of a lot were obtained and areas computed by double departures. Particulars of tenure, &c. were prepared in each case and forwarded to the Land Officer.
Q87
22. Surveys were made of fourteen lots for plans to be attached to deeds of surrender.
23. The boundaries of 415 areas (building lots, permit areas, quarries, &c.) were set out and the frontage lines to streets of 105 lots were checked.
24. 3,022 stones were fixed to define the boundaries of 843 lots and sixty-four concrete boundary posts to define ceme- teries and quarries.
25. Forty-eight picket boxes were fixed during the year.
26. Boundaries of numerous lots and street alignments were set out for the Drainage and Roads sub-Departments.
27. Thirteen survyes were made and plans prepared for the Police Department in connection with criminal cases.
28. The perambulation of the Anglo-Chinese boundary was made for the inspection of boundary marks.
29. The revised edition of "Regulations and Instructions for Surveyors" which supersedes those published in 1932 was issued in February.
SURVEY OF COLONY.
30. The following tabulated statement shows the work done under this heading:
Locality.
Hong Kong Island.
Area Area surveyed plotted
in acres. in acres. Scale 1/600
Chainage Area in
in feet. acres Re-
duced to 1/2,400 Scale.
City of Victoria
Wong Nei Chong
12.75
12.75
21,260
10
Tai Hang
Shaukiwan
5.75
5.75
9,030
5.75
Lyemun
Pokfulam
Kai Lung Wan
Aberdeen
Aplichau
Stanley
Tytam
Kowloon
New Kowloon
Ngau Tau Kok
11.00 11.00 11,500 11.00
35.50 35.50 22,360 35.50
53.25
53.25 28,770 53.25
32.00 29.00 15,640 29.00
23.50 23.50
30.00 30.00
24,400 23.50 11,900 30.00
Q 88
Area
Area
Locality.
surveyed plotted in acres. in acres. Scale 1/600
Chainage Area in
in feet. acres Re-
duced to 1/2,400 Scale.
New Territories.
Shek Li Pui
.118.00 118.00
63,500 118.00
Shan Pui D.D. 115 &
D.D. 123
..100.00
100.00
12,500
Tsui Hang
21.00
21.00
6,100
Kam Tsin
7.00
7.00
3,200 7.00
Tai Shui Hang
31.00
31.00
3,600
Tsun Wan
3.00
3.00
3,000
Castle Peak
5.00
5.00
3,600
Cheung Chau
2.00
2.00
2,800
Revision was also carried out at follows:
Hong Kong Island.
City of Victoria
Wong Nei Chong
26.50 26.50 30,800
21.00
Tai Hang
Stanley
2.50
2.50
2,050
2.50
Tytam
Peak
Kowloon
New Kowloon
.156.50 133.25 76,846
45.00 36.00 19,450 36.00
.189.00 172.00 61,208 172.00
31. Traverses.--The following new traverses were run:
Length
Misclose.
in ft. Angular. Linear.
Locality.
From Wong Nei Chong Gap to
Picket Box No. 23 Blacks Link.
6,014
Along Borrett Road
2,600
2′00′′
1′ 07′′
1 in 18,800
1 in 17,000
Along Macdonell Road
4,145
05"
1 in 8,130
From Red Hill Trig. to Tytam
Gap
11,350
1' 30"
1 in 10,700
From Boa Vista Trig. to Pot-
tinger Peak Trig.
10,300
1' 00"
1 in 15,000
Locality.
From Whitty Street to Kai Lung
Wan
Length Misclose.
in ft. Angular. Linear.
25.590
1′ 07′′
1 in 13.500
From Island Road Aberdeen to Junction of Pokfulam Road and Island Road
7,200
1' 40"
1 in 14.000
From Wong Nei Chong Gap to
Repulse Bay
8,200
40"
1 in 8,000
From Stanley Gap to Station
No. 10 on traverse from Stanley Trig. to Red Hill Trig.
8,600
50"
1 in 6,500
Peak traverses
10,140
50′′
1 in 19,250
From picket box No. 279 near
Fanling Cross Roads to Fanling
Trig.
7,350
20′′
1 in 14,700
From Sha Tin Gap to junction
of Sha Tin Gap Road and Sai
Kung Road
10,921
12′′
1 in 22,700
From picket box No. 64 Sai Kung
Road to picket box No. 41 Nathan Road
10,478
10′′
1 in 19,000
From Tsun Wan Market to Lai
Chi Kok Trig.
19,300
20"
1 in 13,200
32. Large Scale Maps: -Twenty-three 1/600 Scale Survey Sheets and two 1/2,400 Scale Survey Sheets in Hong Kong were taken up during the year.
In Kowloon and New Kowloon twenty-nine 1/600 and twelve 1/2,400 Survey Sheets were taken up.
Four 1/600 Scale sheets were taken up in the New Ter- ritories.
The Survey and revision of Hong Kong and the revision of Kowloon and New Kowloon were continued.
A 16 inches to 1 mile map of Fanling was compiled from the 1/600 and 1/2,400 scale plans and Newlands survey. Area 21 square miles.
33. Small Scale Maps: --The 1/2,400 survey of Kowloon, Peninsula (Tsim Sha Tsui to the catchwater north of Beacon Hill) was reduced to a scale of 8 inches to 1 mile and inked in
Appendix R.
REPORT OF POSTMASTER GENERAL, HONG KONG, FOR THE YEAR 1937.
(A) POST OFFICE.
STAFF.
No changes in the senior staff occurred during the year.
MAILS, REGISTERED ARTICLES AND PARCELS.
2. Full details are shewn in Tables I, II and III.
3. The Pan American Airways service was extended to Hong Kong in April and a weekly schedule is maintained provid- ing an all air service to the United States of America via Philippine Islands, Guam and Hawaii Islands. Connection is made at San Francisco with various air lines operating to Canada, South America, etc.
4. The total weight of air mail received and despatched by all air lines during the year was 89,316 lb. as compared with 21,279 lb. in 1936 an increase of 68,037 Ib.
5. The total number of parcels handled shows a large increase over the 1936 figures. The increase was due to improved local trade conditions and to the diversion to Hong Kong services of a considerable amount of traffic on account of the postal difficulties experienced by the Chinese Postal Ad- ministration during the latter half of the year.
REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
6. Tables IV and V show comparative figures for 1936 and 1937 under separate subheads and Table VI comparative totals for the past ten years.
7. The balance of revenue over the expenditure charged against the departmental vote was $1,489,718.
R 2
8. The increase in expenditure, was mainly due to the pay- ment of the air mail subsidy and the additional transit charges payable for the carriage of air mails. Revenue showed a remarkable improvement and reached a new high level. Expansion of Air Mail services with postage at rates necessarily higher than surface transport rates accounted for the part of the increase. Other contributory causes were "first flight" and "first day" covers and very large sales of the Coronation Issue postage stamps to dealers and collectors.
9. Tables VII and VIII provide details relating to the sale of postage stamps.
MONEY ORDER OFFICE.
10. The combined totals of the year's transactions in Money Orders and British Postal Orders show a decrease of £14,366 as compared with the figures for 1936.
11. Full details are shewn in Tables IX, X and XI.
CHINESE DELIVERY SECTION.
12. During the year this branch handled 7,895,179 ordinary letters and 462.272 other articles as compared with 7,739,427 and 445,782 in 1936.
13. The registered articles delivered totalled 147,585 of which 48,961 were from the United States of America and Canada, and 98,624 from China and other countries showing an increase of 19,220 as compared with 128,365 in 1936.
14. 5,196 insured letters were dealt with as against 5,099 in 1936. The total number of Chinese private boxes was 284 an increase of 23 as compared with 261 in 1936.
(B) WIRELESS.
TRAFFIC.
15. The total paid traffic for the year was 475,089 messages of 5,961,131 words, an increase of 112,233 messages and 2,218,267 words, as compared with the figures for 1936.
16. The increase was due to improved trading conditions and the diversion to the radio service of a considerable amount of cable traffic in consequence of cable breakdown in North China.
17. The total unpaid traffic for the year was 86,694 messages of 3,354,570 words an increase of 33,638 messages and 1,383,064 words as compared with the figures for 1936.
18. Full details are shown in Tables XII and XIII,
R 3
SERVICES.
19. During the year the following new direct services were opened: -
Hankow opened on 1.12.37
Tientsin
11.12.37
27
Service with Tientsin was closed down midnight 31.12.37.
20. Commercial Radiotelegraph services were operated as follows:
(1) British North Borneo, direct to Sandakan and thence to all offices and to Sarawak, Brunei and Labuan.
(2) Dutch East Indies, direct to Malabar, thence to all
offices and to Dutch Borneo, Australasia and Europe.
(3) French Indo-China, direct to Hanoi, Saigon and Kwong- chowan, with connections to all inland places and via Saigon to France, Algeria and Tunis.
(4) Formosa, direct to Taihoku and thence to all offices, and in the event of interruptions to the normal cable services, to Japan.
(5) Philippines, direct to Manila, thence to all offices, and to American Continents, Europe and alternative con- nections to Dutch East Indies, and Borneo, Persia, Turkey in Asia, Portuguese East Africa, Syria and Lebanon, Palestine, Pacific Islands and West Indies.
(6) CHINA (a) direct
to
Shanghai, Foochow, Amoy, Swatow, Canton, Yunnanfu, Hankow, via Hankow to inland places in China and via Yunnanfu to other offices in Yunnan Province.
(b) On "Receiver to Pay" basis:—
Direct to Nanning and Wuchow.
(7) Macau, and via Macau to Timor.
(8) Siam, direct to Bangkok and thence to all offices.
(9) Aircraft service.
REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
21. Tables XIV and XV show comparative figures for 1936 and 1937 under separate subheads, and Table XVI comparative totals for the past six years.
-R 4-
MISCELLANEOUS.
22. During the year 27 distress messages were received from ships. The messages were in each case forwarded immediately to the Naval Authorities, Harbour Department and other authorities concerned.
23. Wireless Licences issued during the year were:-
Ship Station
Amateur Transmission Station
Dealers
Limited Licences
65
16
60
Broadcasting Receiving
8,539
14th March, 1938.
E. I. WYNNE-Jones,
Postmaster General.
Table I.
MAILS RECEIVED AND DESPATCHED DURING THE YEARS 1936 and 1937.
Receptacles For and from
For H.M. Ships on China
For Foreign
Receptacles
Steamers
Carrying
Hong Kong.
Station.
Men-of-War.
in transit.
Mails.
Received in 1936
48,672
5,121
987
140,018
6,212,
Received in 1937
53,153
5,431
1,551
156,906
5,376
Increase
Decrease
4,481
310
564
16,888
836
· Despatched in 1936
41,681
2,817
505
44,416
Despatched in 1937
3,257
1,084
Increase
Decrease
6,031
5,577
2,735
440
579
454
· R 5 -
Table II.
STATISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL AND HONG KONG CORRESPONDENCE FOR 1937.
Registered Articles.
Posted and delivered Posted at Hong Kong
Received from other
Countries for
at Hong Kong.
for other Countries.
In Transit.
Total number
Hong Kong.
1937
47,968
323,770
432,915
81,609
886,262
1936
25,284
239,690
339,728
56,164
660,866
Increase
Decrease
22,684
84,080
93,187
25,445
225,396
-- Ꭱ Ꮾ --
Insured Letters.
Posted at Hong Kong for other Countries.
Received from other Countries for Hong Kong.
In Transit.
Total number
1937
1936
4,149
4,874
6,667
6,342
1,452
12,268
1,824
12,540
Increase
325
Decrease
225
372
272
R7-
Locally
Total
In
Posted.
Des-
Table III.
STATISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL AND HONG KONG PARCELS FOR THE YEAR 1937.
Received
for
Comparison with 1936.
Total
Total
Transit.
delivery in
1937.
1936.
patched.
Hong Kong.
Increase.
Decrease.
London Insured
525
245
770
2,120
2,890
2,537
353
Ordinary
12,832
5,266
18,098
13,408
31,506
29,118
2,388
Cash on Delivery
10
10
411
421
423
2
United States of America,
Honolulu and Manila
10,990
1,390
12,380
20,625
33,005
24,650
8,355
French Parcels by French Ships
1,039
1,039
686
353
China Parcels
29,535
2,322
31,857
25,550
57,407
42,749
14,658
India Insured Parcels
175
32
207
364
571
626
55
Ordinary Parcels
2,266
3,389
5,655
1,543
7,198
5,768
1,430
Indo-China Parcels
6,375
2,369
8,744
2,832
11,576
11,905
329
Straits Parcels
3,285
1,632
4,917
1,817
6,734
4,519
2,215
Australian Parcels
1,682
2,368
4,050
907
4,957
4,815
142
Dutch East Indies Parcels
555
807
1,362
269
1,631
1,576
55
Japanese Parcels
2,230
Miscellaneous Parcels
1,503 3,733
9,037
12,770
17,178
4,408
6,441
5,925 12,366
4,129
16,495
17,212
717
76,901
27,248
104,149
84,051
188,200
163,762
29,949
5,511
Parcels posted in Hong Kong for local delivery
426
720
SNAP
294
Total Increase:
24,144
-- Ꭱ 8
Table IV.
A.-POST OFFICE.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1936 AND 1937.
1936
1937
$
$
* Personal Emoluments
326,218
341,925
Other Charges.
Air Mail Payment
Air Mail Subsidy
119,126
Carriage of Mails Transit Charges
139,937
269,899
Cleansing Materials, etc.
874
1,039
Coolie Hire
177
486
Electric Fans & Light
10,401
Incidental Expenses
558
809
Mail Bags, Parcel Boxes, etc.
2,749
4,581
Printing
384
381
Rent of Branch Offices
7,065
1,020
Public Telephones
440
Stamps
11,130
29,009
Telegrams
599
807
Transport
1,172
1,037
Uniform and Equipment
6,617
6,309
Total Personal Emoluments, and
Other Charges
497,480
787,272
...་་་
Special Expenditure.
Pillar and Letter Boxes
Total Special Expenditure
Total A.-Post Office
483
483
497,480
787,755
* Includes Officers of Cadet, Senior Clerical & Accounting and
Junior Clerical Services.
R 9-
Table V.
A.-POST OFFICE.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1936 AND 1937.
Postage
1936
1937
$
$
1,380,823 2,277,478
Table VI.
A. POST OFFICE.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE
FOR THE PAST TEN YEARS.
* Personal
Emoluments Special
Total
Total
Year.
& Other Expenditure Expenditure Revenue. Charges.
$
$
$
1928.
300,304
663
300,967
804,679
1929..... 321,402
1,778
323,180
816,455
1930...... 405,640
1,161
406,801
942,236
1931...... 472,198
472,198
1,355,675
1932...... 519,458
519,458
1,283,301
1933..... 477,726
8,641
486,367
1,238,963
1934...... 440,744
2,520
443,264
1,188,375
1935...... 433,577
1,458
435,035
1,157,365
1936...... 497,480
497,480
1,380,823
1937...... 787,272
483
787,755
2,277,473
*Includes salaries of officers of Cadet, Senior Clerical & Accounting and Junior Clerical Services attached to the Department, but excludes any expenditure not actually charged against the Post Office Vote.
- R 10-
G
Table VII.
COMPARATIVE TABLE OF POSTAL REVENUE FROM SALE OF POSTAGE STAMPS DURING THE YEARS 1936 AND 1937.
Month.
1936.
1937.
January,
94,813.57
133,052.45
February,
90,465.77
120,711.12
March,
104,138.69
145,060.87
April,
97,111.79
218,759.17
May,
96,741.89
314,886.69
June,
108,256.14
149,527.33
July,
109,587.36
156,409.26
August,
105,210.69
151,480.84
September,
114,949.85
174,215.05
October,
130,097.40
201,250.45
November,
146,852.67
226,373.56
December,
143,523.64
221,798.04
Total,
1,336,749.46 2,213,474.83
R 11
Table VIII.
POSTAGE STAMPS, ETC., ISSUED FOR SALE FOR ALL PURPOSES IN
HONG KONG DURING THE YEARS 1936 and 1937.
Denomina- tion.
1936.
1937.
Postage Stamps,
1 cent.
505,023
588,310
29
2 cents.
1,735,319
1,773,474
3
1,095,239
17
636,000
21
TH
1,748,519
2,528,520
10
CO
5,825,516
7,139,400
6
43,199
24,000
??
8
194,399
213,600
22
10
1,611,576
787,200
??
12.
139,199
""
288,200
77
123
15
1,049,068*
20
25
1,096,079
691,680
"
97,439
1,160,828*
""
30
77
125,519
252,480
>>
50
248,639
528,360
1 dollar.
165,479
206,280
2 dollars.
33,539
83,939
1
3
10,789
15.690
27
5
1
14,108
19,230
77
10
12,915
14,434
Post Cards,
1 cent.
2 cents.
19,400
26,200
4
Postage Envelopes,
4
2,375
2,500
Registration
""
20
19,725
18,950
* Special Coronation issue on sale from 12th May to 31st
December.
Table IX.
MONEY ORDER TRANSACTIONS DURING THE YEARS 1936 AND 1937.
— R 12 —
1937
1936.
INCREASE.
DECREASE.
COUNTRY.
Orders issued.
Orders paid.
Orders issued.
Orders paid.
Orders issued.
Orders paid.
Orders issued.
F
S.
ལ
d.
8. d.
£
S. d.
£
S. d.
£
8. d.
£
3. d. £
S.
d.
Orders paid.
S.
d.
Great Britain Queensland
Victoria
3,275
15
45
New South Wales
259
69
811311.
4,374
10
665
16
6,349
996
4,022
5 11
4,919
10
71
19
794
12
61
284
12
7 | 21,386
519
11
104
10
481
37
South Australia
90
166
16
9
214
17
74
1
Western Australia
115
24
10
120
2
Tasmania
11
20
18
3
20
12
New Zealand
69
799
66
11
961
4
NN
2 19
Union of South Africa
65
19
827
United States of America
933
2,228
Canada
109
1,868
15
Philippine Islands
412
1,429
Japan
2,842
6
1.051
Malaya
1,740
13
4,600
16
British North Borneo
97
1,320
8
Sarawak
8
128
Siam
90
158
Macao
442
104
China
6,511
10
8,285
India
2,048
5 10
1,279
Ceylon
431
16 8
91
Mauritius
9 9
246
12
French Indo-China
113 18 10
595
11
Netherlands East Indies
66
15 6 1,966
5 8
THON 1.0MTU 1000
67
941 12
11
963
17
1,999
151
12
839
417
1,158
16
2 14 10
229
1,029
270
9
2,702
10
2,054
139
16
880 14
4
2,115
10
859
19
118
2,314 11
47
1,747
6
5
19
112
6
2
345
8
184
18
11 10,220
1,507
8
43
68
141
727265
5,869
10
1,381
13
25
9
378
7
8
624
16
10 1,486
1
14837
64639
Balloo
2
2,485
Total
£19,740
4
1 39,192
4
0 22,301
8
8 ❘ 52,132
14 8 2,257 14
3
כא
£58,932.8.1
£74,434.3.4
1,003
8
11
994
5
2
1,619
4
71
45
96
80
14
2,415
3,708
541
102
423
66
1
8
42
131
45
12
29
480
5
74 10
7,060
1
0
4,818 18
10 20,000
11
8
Co
£9,317.15.3
2005
| | | - | | 9 | 10
ཙྩ8སཾ8།ༀ།|
746
10
545
26
15
128
16
24
13
15,036
18
35
1 11
48
20
4
12
162
114
21
39
22882
1951
3
6
147 100 100 | | | |--1819-1
10
£24,819.10.6
Net Decrease £15,501.15.3.
Table X.
BRITISH POSTAL ORDERS ISSUED AND PAID AT HONG KONG.
ORDERS ISSUED.
-R 13 -
VALUES.
Amount
$.
d.
8.
d. $.
d. 8. d. S d.
s. d.
d.
Ꭶ .
d.
མ
0 6 1 0
1
6 2 6
5 0
10 0
10 6
20 0
£
S.
d.
Total in 1937
572
2119
1705
1978
3216
2424
404
4632
7458
8
2
Total in 1936
569
2006
1612
1984
2927
2211
368 4165
6773
14
2
1
Total in 1937
Total in 1936
ORDERS PAID.
:
:
.:.
:
:
:
::.
No. of Notes
Amount
£
8.
d.
6296
3492
10
1
5424
3040
0
3
לד
►
Table XI.
STATEMENT OF LOCAL POSTAL NOTES ISSUED AT HONG KONG.
VALUES
25 cts. 50 cts.
$1.00
$2.00 $3.00 $4.00
Total in 1937
50
129
51
$5.00 $10.00
Amount
钥
243.50
Total in 1936
24
2
45
67
32
282.00
— R 14 —
!
Table XII.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF RADIOTELEGRAMS SENT AND RECEIVED DURING THE YEARS 1937 AND 1936.
R 15
Service.
1937.
FORWARDED.
RECEIVED.
1937.
TOTAL.
1936.
TOTAL.
PAID RADIOTELEGRAMS.
msgs.
words.
msgs.
words.
msgs.
words.
C.G.R.A. (Amoy, Canton,
msgs.
words.
Foochow, Shanghai,
Swatow, Hankow and
Tientsin)
157,245
Philippines and Beyond
22,656
2,087,236
279,032
135,477
32,899
1,936.701
292,722
421,989
55,555
4,023,937
701,021
199,848
43,792
2,126,267
489,060
Pratas and Pinghoi
(R.T.P.)
57
518.
103
1,215
160
1,733
674
7758
Kwangsi Province (R.T.P.)
1,328
22,455
104
5,474
1,432
27,929
1,935
84,265
Ships (Paid Traffic)
4,582
52,710
12,075
103,211
16,657
155,921
13,705
112,735
Aircraft (Paid Traffic)
64
957
14
366
78
1,323
5
63
French Indo-China
13,575
121,808
15,085
138,562
28,660
260,370
27,561
243,000
Siam
10,529
93,069
9,936
85,854
20,465
178,923
25,141
220,049
Yunnanfu
7,558
82,227
4,931
62,751
12,489
144,978
11,361
125,754
B.N. Borneo
1,592
14,448
1,522
15,786
3,114
30,234
2,810
24,397
Macau
7,457
82,449
5,728
63,350
13,185
145,799
8,368
71650
Malabar
6,510
59,495
10,894
100,754
17,404
160,249
14,972
125,024
Formosa
3,248
26,758
5,709
63,456
8,957
90,214
8,015
68,721
TOTAL
236,401
2,923,162
234,477
2,999,469
470,878 5,922,631
358,187
3,698,743
Internal Telegrams.
Str. Advices & Semaphore
Msgs.
4,211
38,500
4,211
38,500
4,669
44,121
TOTAL PAID TRAFFIC:
236,401
2,923,162
5,162
238.6
238,688 3,037,969
475,089
5,961,131
362,856
3,742,864
UNPAID TRAFFIC.
Aircraft Service Messages
31
535
3,935
32,223
3,966
32,758
19
597
Air Station Service Messages.
656
12,870
2,874
41,309
3,530
54,179
665
4,693
Aircraft Meteorological Mes-
sages
884
25,888
1
28
885
25,916
1,226
19,360
Air Station Meteorological
Messages
2,657
53,939
1,670
78,646
4,327
132,585
1,724
97,295
TOTAL
4,228
93,232
8,480
152,206
12,708
245,438
3,634
121,945
Anti-Piracy Msgs.
75
945
15,093
71,639
15,168
72,584
17.026
80,258
Police
7,802
""
Meteorological
13,844
478,253
754,500
12,270
125,171
20,072
603,424
14,056
373,336
24,238
1,304,558
38,082
2,059,058
Rugby Press
17,517
982,664
516
360,609
516
360,609
588
382,839
League of Nations
Press messages
21
5,091
21
Navigational,,
5,091
43
16
Health Messages
51
381
2,624
&
169
24
550
92
52
5,132
103
7,816
100
88203
21,865
1,528
7,071
TOTAL UNPAID TFC.
26,016
1,329,995
60,678
2,024,575
86,694
3,354,570
53,056
1,971,506
Service Messages
26,276
218,143
27,452
225,266
53,728
443,409
47,078
373,497
TOTAL PAID TRAFFIC : TOTAL UNPAID GRAND TOTAL
"
475,089 5,961,131 86,694 3,354,570
561,783 9,315,701
362.856 3,742,864 53,056 1,971,506
415,912
5,714,370
R 16.
Table XIII.
STATEMENT OF TRAFFIC AND Revenue—PERIOD 1927 to 1937.
Paid Traffic
Unpaid Traffic
Year
Revenue
Msgs. Words
Msgs. Words
$ cts.
1927... 53,840
538,010 11,364
510,198 123,837.72
1928... 95,015 850,748 13,757
619,676 162,517.66
1929... 156,755 1,551,906
29,539
1,041,198 187,690.92
1930... 261,963 2,336,152 32,955
1,080,408 432,619.53
1931... 402,938 3,429,857 38,314
1,136,591 680,263.46
1932... 378,789 3,304,768
44,228
1,075,747 681,291.98
1933... 403,816 3,321,236 44,720
1,125,143 644,691.54
1934... 401,213 4,175,702 51,935
1,278,922 640,923.22
1935... 406,351 4,054,883
45,955 1,540,956 602,294.86
1936... 362,856
3,742,864
53,056 1,971,506 678,062.90
1937... 475,089 5,961,131 86,694 3,354,570 976,923.45
R 17
Table XIV.
B.-WIRELESS.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1936 AND 1937.
1936
1937
$
142,093
161,329
*Personal Einoluments
Other Charges.
Cleansing Materials
142
148
Contribution towards expenses Radio
Telegraph Union
310
Documents relating to Radio telegraph
service
290
405
Incidental Expenses
668
580
Rent of Offices for Radio telegraphs
18,000
18,000
Public Telephones
390
Telegrams
74
92
Uniforms
896
990
Total Personal Emoluments and Other
Charges
162,473
181,934
Special Expenditure.
Total Special Expenditure
Total (B)-Wireless
Miscellaneous
Services
} (Broadcasting)
162,473
181,934
60,849
65,740
* Includes Officers of Cadet, Senior Clerical & Accounting and
Junior Clerical Services.
The Operating and counter staffs only are paid from the Post Office Vote. The technical staff, provision and maintenance of all equipment are provided for under the Public Works Department votes.
R 18.
Table XV.
B.-WIRELESS.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1936 AND 1937.
Messages Fees
Wireless Licences
Table XVI.
1936
1937
$
$
678,063
976,923
72,794
109,752
B.-WIRELESS.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE & RevenuE FOR THE
LAST SIX YEARS.
Year.
Personal Emolu- ments and Other Charges.
Special
* Total
Revenue.
Expenditure Expenditure
Message Fees.
$
1932...... 146,902
800
147,702
681,292
1933...... 158,245
945
159,190
644,692
1934...... 158,301
158,301
640,923
1935...... 159,841
159,841
602,295
1936...... 162,473
162,473
678,063
1937.....
181,934
181,934
976,923
*Includes only expenditure appropriate to administration and operating. Other expenditure is met from P.W.D. votes.
KOWLOON-CANTON RAILWAY.
(BRITISH SECTION)
REPORT
FOR THE YEAR
1937.
BY
R. D. WALKER, M. Inst. C.E., M. Inst. T.,
Manager and Chief Engineer.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chart of Monthly Passenger Traffic Receipts, 1935
to 1937
Chart of Monthly Goods Traffic Receipts, 1935 to
1937
Chart of Financial Results
Page
1
3
I. General Survey
4
II. Transportation
9
1. Traffic
9
2. Rates and Fares
12
3. Operating
12
4. General
15
III. Accounts
1. General
2. Statistical
17
17
22
20
IV. Mechanical Engineering
20
V.-Civil Engineering
23
VI.-Stores
24
VII.-Staff
25
VIII. Appreciation
26
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND STATISTICAL TABLES
(See page 27 for Index).
MONTHLY RECEIPTS Receipts IN
N
1 9 3 5
JAN
FEB.
MAR.
APR.
MAY.
JUN.
JUL
AUG.
SEP.
OCT.
TT
NOV.
$10,000's
MONTHLY
RECEIPTS IN
JAM.
FEB.
MAR
19 3
>=<>« SECTIONAL
GERRENO TERMINAL (AT28%)
เก
5
$10,000's
i
- $1-
MONTHLY PASSENGER TRAFFIC RECEIPTS 1935 TO 1937.
9 3 6
1
APR.
MAY.
JUN.
JUL.
AUG.
SEP.
OCT.
NOV.
DEC.
JAN.
FEB.
MAR.
APR.
MAY.
JUN.
JUL
AUC.
SEP.
OCT.
NOV.
DEC.
JAN.
FEB.
MAR.
APR.
MAY
JUN.
JUL
AUG.
SEP.
OCT
NOY.
DEC.
19 3 6
1 9 3 7 ng
DEC.
JAN-
FEB.
MAR.
APR.
MAY.
JUN.
JUL.
AUG.
SEP.
OCT.
NOV.
DEC.
JAN.
FEB.
MAR.
APR.
MAY.
JUN.
JUL
AUG.
SEP.
OCT.
NOY.
DEC.
B. THROUGH.
BOMBING OF LINE
TYPHOON
A. LOCAL.
SHUM CHUN
CASINO
CLOSED
9 3 7
MONTHLY RECEIPTS IN
N
3
$10,000's
0
I 9 3
5
FEB.
MAR,
APR.
MAY.
JUN.
JUL.
AUG.
SEP
*150
9 3
S 2.
MONTHLY GOODS TRAFFIC RECEIPTS 1935 TO 1937.
6
C.H.R.
CONNECTED
TO C.K.R.
NOV.
DEC
JAN.
FES.
MAR.
APR.
MAY.
JUN.
JUL.
AUG.
SEP.
OCT.
NOY.
DEC.
JAN.
FEB.
MAR.
APR.
MAY.
9
3
7
JUN.
JUL.
AUG.
SEP.
OCTI
NOV
DEG.
FINANCIAL
S3
100% REVENUE $1,331,468.73
90%
80%
RESULTS
70%
OPERATING RATIO 67.18%
100% EXPENDITURE $894,533.43
150%
190%
80%
50%
70%
THROUGH PASSENGERS 46.78%
40%
60%
50%
30%
40%
LUCAL-PASSENGERS 22.59%
120%
130%
THROUGH GOODS 12.58%
20%
RUNNING EXPENSES · 25.08 %
MAINTENENCE OF EQUIPMENT 22.55%
MTCE. OF WAY & STRUCT. 21.20%
MISCELLANEOUS 9.76%
FOREIGN HAULAGE 6.96% 10%
GENERAL EXPENSES 19.71 %
TRAFFIC EXPENSES 11-45%
LOCAL GOODS 1.33%
0%
10%.
HOW THE MONEY WAS OBTAINED. HOW THE MONEY WAS SPENT.
#
$ 4
KOWLOON-CANTON RAILWAY.
(British Section)
ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1937.
I-GENERAL SURVEY.
1. The period under review was marked by vicissitudes. It can be recorded as the most eventful twelve months in the history of the Railway. Abnormal occurrences in chronological order, were a disastrous fire on the Up Through Fast train in January, resulting in the death of 84 persons; a major derail- ment of the same train twelve days later; record passenger traffic during the Ching Ming festival in April and the Corona- tion celebrations in May; linking-up of the Canton-Hankow and the Canton-Kowloon Railways in August; the subsequent introduction of a working agreement for through goods traffic between Kowloon and Hankow; use of all available space on the Railway Reclamation at Kowloon for storing cargo originally destined for Shanghai but diverted to Hong Kong owing to Sino-Japanese hostilities; intensive damage to track and the total suspension of traffic for ten days caused by a record typhoon in September; and lastly, the intensive bombing of the Chinese Section of the line from October to December which caused dislocation of traffic, damage to rolling stock and the ultimate cancellation of the through morning and mid-day passenger trains.
2. The year opened with strength and confidence, brighter conditions prevailing due to the improvement in trade. All revenue figures, however, are somewhat vitiated as indices of comparison by two over-riding considerations: firstly, the Sino- Japanese conflict which affected all sources considerably from August, and secondly, the cessation of both Shum Chun Casino traffic and express train haulage which resulted in a loss in earnings, as compared with 1936, of approximately $193,000. The former factor was unforeseen, but attention was drawn to the latter in paragraphs 2 and 33 of last year's report.
3. Receipts and net operating revenue were $1,331,468.73 and $436,935.30 respectively, as against $1,245,469.16 and $454,733.00 the previous year. These results are considered to be very satisfactory, the increase in receipts over the revised estimated earnings, which were prepared in October 1936 when the full effect of the closing of Shum Chun Casino could be gauged, being more than 30%. Substantial advances were obtained from through goods traffic, through passenger traffic and rents. All sources registered gains with the exception of local passenger traffic and auxiliary operations,
which were affected adversely by the circumstances outlined in paragraph 2 above.
A
$ 5
:
4. Operating expenditure was $894,533.43, compared with $790,736.16 last year. The increase is ascribable principally to typhoon damage which involved the Railway in abnormal expenditure to the extent of $80,883, and in a lesser degree to a considerable rise in the price of coal which affected running costs by $32,177. But for these two factors, less money would have been spent than in 1936.
5. Traffic features of the year were a further advance of through passenger, and a large increase in through goods earnings. Terminal and sectional through passenger receipts were up 3.17% and 23.69% respectively, despite the total suspension of traffic for a total period of 17 days, and the cancellation of the morning and mid-day expresses during the last three weeks of December. Revenue from both these sources constituted new records for this Railway. The most pleasing result, however, was the unexpected rise in through goods receipts which soared from $44,694.93 to $167,556.45. Nearly two-thirds of the total earnings from this source were obtained during the last three months of the year when the working agreement for transit goods was in operation.
6. The most serious calamity which this Railway has experienced since its inception occurred on January 16th when a fire broke out on the mid-day fast train at Mile 74 on the Chinese Section. The train was filled to capacity and the loss of life was heavy, there being 84 dead and 30 persons injured. Twelve days later, the same train was involved in a second accident at Mile 42 on the Chinese Section which caused damage to stock but not to passengers.
7. Co-operation with the River Steamboat Companies continued and the basic fares were maintained. The percentage of railborne to total river-rail carryings between Hong Kong and Canton was 47.7% which is exactly the same as the 1936 figure. As foreshadowed in paragraph 9 of last year's report, the S.S. "Fuk On" was withdrawn from the run at the end of March.
8. Record numbers of through passengers were carried during both the Ching Ming festival held in April and the Coronation celebrations in May. The results obtained reflected the general economic recovery and the consequent increase in the spending power of the public. During the four days preced- ing Ching Ming, the through passengers conveyed northwards reached a new peak figure of 20,726, an increase of 38% over the previous maximum carryings of 15,038 obtained in 1935. Then again, on May 11th, the day before the Coronation of Their Majesties the King and Queen, 10,684 through passengers were transported to Kowloon in 9 expresses, constituting a new record for southbound traffic.
S 6-
9. The "Canton Belle", the second streamlined parlour railcar, was placed in service in May. This car, like its sister car the "Taipo Belle", became extremely popular. In addition to normal use in local traffic, it was chartered on five occasions to run as a special to Canton. This latter usage was discontinued during October on account of the risks involved.
10. An air-conditioned lounge car of the ice-activated type was constructed in the Railway Workshops and placed on the Canton run in June. This car, called the "Aurora", aroused great public interest, as it was the first of its kind in China. The increased patronage surpassed the most sanguine expecta- tions, and it was necessary to institute a booking fee of 50 cents to cope with the great demand for seats. The results obtained have led the Chinese Section to plan the construction of two similar coaches. Unfortunately, owing to hostilities between China and Japan, it was considered desirable to withdraw the car from service in September.
11. The most noteworthy event of the year was the construction of a loop connecting the Canton-Hankow and the Canton-Kowloon Railways. This connection, which is approxim- ately 9 miles in length, runs practically due east from Sai Chuen, a station 4 miles north of Wongsha (Canton West), to Shek Pai Junction, 5 miles from Tai Sha Tou (Canton East). The final junction with the Canton-Kowloon Railway was made on the night of August 17th/18th. The first train to reach Kowloon via the loop consisted of nine 40-ton covered goods wagons which carried bullion from Hankow. This train arrived at 9.28 a.m. on August 27th. Since that date many goods trains and three passenger trains have completed the 791 miles journey between Kowloon and Wuchang.
12. A working agreement for through goods traffic between the Canton-Hankow Railway and the Chinese and British Sections of this Railway, was drawn up in September. Pending ratification by the Ministry of Railways and the Hong Kong Government, the Railway Administrations concerned agreed to adopt its provisions with effect from October 1st. To prevent confusion with "through" traffic on the Canton-Kowloon Rail- way, all through-through traffic passing over the loop is called "transit" traffic. The British Section is compensated for the disproportionate relationship between its route and terminal mileage by the imposition of station terminal charges. The lowest charge is 20 cents per ton for Class 6 Goods and the highest is 50 cents per ton for Higher Value Goods. The agreement terminates on October 31st 1939 when it is expected that it will be renewed either in whole or with such modifications as are found by experience to be desirable.
13. When Hong Kong and Hankow were linked by rail, it became necessary to investigate the possibilities of constructing an adequate Goods Terminal at Kowloon, the existing facilities
S7-
being based on the fact that goods receipts did not bulk large in total operating revenues. Three schemes were devised; the first to cater for probable goods movements during the period of Sino-Japanese hostilities; the second to be used when normality is restored and the growth of "transit" traffic requires the provision of godowns and their concomitant sidings; and the third to be put in hand when the hinterland has been developed to such an extent that the demands of traffic can only be met satisfactorily by new modern wharves and transit sheds.
14. The problem which had to be solved in drawing up the first scheme was to provide maximum facilities at low cost, in the shortest possible time. A few new sidings were constructed at specially selected points and a 5-ton mobile crane and two small shunting engines were obtained from the Shing Mun Water Works. This enabled traffic to be dealt with in a reasonably satisfactory manner as the key factor governing the volume of goods handled was not the capacity of this Section, but the difficulties experienced in obtaining a regular and sufficient supply of goods wagons from the Canton-Hankow line. The growth of traffic during this period can be gauged from the fact that foreign goods receipts for the month of December were $43,243, compared with $44,695 for the whole of last year.
15. The second scheme provides for a new Goods Terminal on Kowloon Railway Reclamation estimated to cost $650,000; while the third is based on proposals made to the Hong Kong Government by the Consulting Engineers Messrs. Coode, Fitzmaurice, Wilson and Mitchell in November, 1922.
16. The worst cataclysm which has ever befallen the Railway took place in the early hours of September 2nd, when a record typhoon, with a maximum wind velocity of 167 miles per hour, struck Hong Kong. More than 6,000 lineal feet of embankment were washed out in a 7 miles stretch between Shatin and Taipo Market, where the line fringes Tolo Harbour. The damage was caused by a tidal wave which swept through Tolo Channel and deployed along the western margin of the land-locked sea. Three main banks, each 25 feet in height and 1,200, 500 and 300 feet in length respectively, composed of earth filling pitched with granite blocks, were demolished by this wave which reached a maximum height of 30 feet above mean sea level. All traffic was suspended until the evening of September 10th when a ballast train was able to pass over the damaged section. One day later, one through passenger train in each direction was allowed to run between Kowloon and Canton and, on September 13th, the normal train service was resumed at restricted speed. Between September 2nd and September 10th, an average of nearly 2,000 coolies had been employed daily, in night and day shifts, to effect temporary repairs. Speed restrictions were removed on November 8th and consolidation work was completed on November 24th. The total cost of rectifying typhoon damage was $80,883.
$ 8
17. Negotiations were completed in October for all through and transit goods consigned to Kowloon Station from Canton and from points along the Canton-Hankow Railway to be invoiced on forms which are marked "Subject to completion of Chinese Customs requirements at Kowloon". Failing adjust- ment of these requirements, the British Section is empowered to return the goods to the Chinese Customs Station at Shum Chun just over the border. Movement of exports from China will be facilitated by these measures.
18. Considerable work was performed for the Chinese National Railways during the last five months of the year. This included the erection of 3 first-class sleeping cars for the Canton-Hankow Railway and major repairs to locomotives and wagons.
19. The Hong Kong & Whampoa Dock Company's premises were linked to the main railway system in November by means of a track laid down Baker Street. This connection affords rail access to a 100-ton tower crane which will be completed early in 1938. This crane is located alongside water which is deep enough to accommodate the largest ocean going ships. It is expected that additional revenue will accrue to the Railway both in freight and special siding charges.
20. The Chinese Section of the line was bombed regularly by Japanese aircraft during the last 2 months of the year. Altogether 726 bombs were dropped from 344 planes in 81 raids on 49 different days, 140 of these missiles being aimed at the two large bridges over the East River at Sheklung. Three types of bombs were used, weighing 500, 250 and 60 kilograms respectively. The suspension of through traffic caused by these attacks aggregated 7 days, the longest interruptions occurring on the three occasions when heavy bombs hit the centres of deep embankments. The Engineering Department of the Chinese Section deserves the greatest credit for the rapidity with which communications were restored.
21. While the air raids were in progress, two British Section third-class carriages and one 30-ton open wagon, all employed on the through service, were seriously damaged by bombs, necessitating major repairs, while one locomotive and seven wagons were impaired by machine-gun bullets.
22. As the result of the bombing, punctuality figures, both local and foreign, have suffered severely. All through trains, on and from October 14th, have been subjected to long delays, and this has influenced the service considerably.
23. Running statistics have been affected so adversely by the abnormal conditions prevailing during the year that comparisons with previous figures are of little value. Every endeavour was made, however, to work as economically as possible.
S. 9-
24. By December, all available space on the Railway Reclamation, Kowloon, was occupied by cargo originally consigned to Shanghai but diverted to Hong Kong owing to the Sino-Japanese conflict. Areas totalling 518,190 square feet had been leased out to various firms and organizations for storage purposes, the rental aggregating $13,463 a month. Included in these plots was the space occupied by a permanent godown measuring 200 feet by 120 feet which was erected by Messrs. Marsman, Hong Kong, China, Limited, to warehouse goods which could not be stored in the open. In addition to the above, 22 Wagons-Lits cars were accommodated in three new sidings constructed at the cost of the International Wagons-Lits Company.
25. The activities of the Railway have been extended considerably by the connection to the Hankow line, and additional staff will be required early in 1938 to cope with the steadily increasing goods traffic.
26. The outlook for the coming year is obscure, due to the shadow cast by the hostilities in China. Considerable gains are expected under the revenue heads Through Goods Service, Incidental Revenue and Rents, while it is probable that there will be large decline in Through Passenger receipts. Expenditure will be affected to a marked degree by the phenomenal rise in the price of coal which is at present nearly double this year's contract rate. Financial prospects when peaceful conditions are resumed, are however, most encourag- ing; at no time in the history of the Railway has the future appeared more hopeful.
II. TRANSPORTATION.
1.-Traffic.
27. This short line of 22 miles has been influenced in the past by so many diverse factors, most of which are transitory, that "trends" have been difficult to determine and comparative statistics have had to be weighted before they could be used as guides to future policy. The year 1937 proved no exception to the rule; unexpected events followed each other in such kaleidoscopic fashion that deductions based on some of the working results would be of doubtful value.
28. Through traffic was suspended during the year for a total period of 17 days, of which the typhoon of September 2nd was responsible for 10 davs, and air-raids on the Chinese Section for 7 days. Despite these setbacks, through passenger receipts advanced 7.79%. The improved receipts may be attributed to increased prosperity, a larger number of passengers being carried in the higher classes. Large gains during Ching Ming and the Coronation festivities were more than offset by the losses sustained through curtailment of service by typhoon and bombing.
$ 10
29. Through passenger carryings and earnings are compared with figures obtained during the previous two years, in the subjoined tables:-
TERMINAL THROUGH TRAFFIC.
1935
1936
1937
Passengers (Up)
(Down)
644,199 690,981 669,545
657,840 739,563 701,493
1
(Total)
1,302,039 1,430,544 1,371,038
Revenue
(Up)
$178,087 $213,925 $220,441
>>
(Down)
$186,494 $211,925 $217,582
(Total)
$364,581 $425,850 $437,973
SECTIONAL THROUGH TRAFFIC.
Passengers (Up)
11
(Down)
(Total)
Revenue
(Up)
(Down)
(Total)
1935
1936
1937
134,916 150,335 158,162
123,100 151,796 178,187
258,016 302,131 331,349
$ 74,628 $ 85,264 $105,353
$ 59,188 $ 57,857 $ 69,958
$133,816 $143,121 $175,311
30. The figure of $345,000.00 shown in the estimates for the current year for local passenger revenue was unduly high, as it was made before the effect of closing Shum Chun Casino could be ascertained. A revised figure, based on paragraph 33 of the Annual Report for 1936, would have been $259,000.00. The actual results obtained exceeded this latter figure by 14.83%, ascribable principally to improved economic conditions and in a lesser degree to the influx of refugees during the latter part of the year. The results obtained, as well as those for
1936, are given below:
1936
$412,442.84
(Includes $153,000 from Shum Chun Casino traffic).
1937
$297,411.65
Loss
27.89%
(No Shun Chun
Casino traffic).
S 11
31. The loop line, some 9 miles in length, from Shek Pai Junction on the Canton-Kowloon Railway to Sai Chuen on the Canton-Hankow Railway, which was completed on the night of August 17th and opened to traffic 10 days later, has been directly responsible for an increase in through goods revenue from $44,694.93 in 1936 to $167,556.45 for the current year. Of this total, $129,730.45 was collected since August 27th when the first through goods train of nine 40-ton wagons from the Canton-Hankow line loaded with bullion arrived at Kowloon Station at 9.28 a.m.
32. Local goods traffic received stimulation as a result of the activities of the Lin Ma Hang lead mine which uses Fanling Station in the New Territories. Production, so far as the Railway was concerned, commenced on November 2nd and some 30 tons of lead concentrate have been conveyed to Kowloon daily. The revenue reached $17,706.59 as against $13,842.98, a gain of 27.91%.
33. A first-class coach of an obsolete coupé type was converted into an air-conditioned car in the Railway Workshops and put into service on the up morning and down evening express on May 11th. It was named the "Aurora" and from the outset caused an improvement in the numbers of first-class passengers travelling between the two cities. No supplement to the ordinary fare was made, but a reservation fee of 50 cents, or roughly 74d., was gladly paid for the right to a seat. Actually, the coach's popularity was more noticeable on the evening train from Canton when after a tiring day in the heat, passengers could relax under properly controlled temperature conditions and emerge from the train free from the dust of travel. Unfortunately hostilities caused it to be withdrawn on September 24th. The following particulars of first-class passengers for the months of May, June, July and August, 1936 and the current year, show the improvement:
1936
1937
Up
Down
Up
Down
May
June
1,052
1,377
1,528
1,654
8911
1,455
1,586
2,069
July
1,655
2,4961(a). 1,990
2,6771/
August
1,654 1,786
1,919
4,264(b)
(a) Political trouble in Canton.
(b) Includes refugees.
S 12
2.-Rates and Fares.
34. Down Sectional Through fares were increased by 15% on January 1st to offset the depreciation of Canton currency. As stated in paragraph 5, receipts from this source reached a new peak.
35. First-class returns between Kowloon and Canton were discontinued after the middle of June in order to secure better utilisation of seating capacity.
36. A revised through fare-table was introduced on August 1st when the Chinese Section adopted Chinese National currency as a monetary basis. The down fares in this currency were made the same as the "up" in Hong Kong currency. To enable down tickets still to be purchased with Canton money, a fixed rate of exchange of $1.44 to $1.00 National was allowed.
37. Zone rates for goods traffic between British Section stations and Shum Chun were brought into force as from September 27th. These rates, which include terminal charges, provide for the carriage of goods at either railway or owner's risk. The revision was necessitated by the terms of the Tripartite Agreement for Transit Goods Traffic with the Canton- Hankow Railway.
3.-Operating.
38. During the latter half of the year, traffic operation has undergone a change which has thrown a very great strain on the staff. It has been the rule rather than the exception on this line for every train, not only mixed passenger but also goods, to be worked with the Westinghouse Brake in full operation throughout its length. At the end of August, when mis- cellaneous goods vehicles belonging to other Railways began to filter through from the North, it became clear that the staff must rapidly become accustomed to working non-fitted trains, relying only on the braking power of the locomotive and the hand brake in the guard's van. The drivers were the first to complain because they felt their trains running away with them, and it was not easy to convince them that the remedy lay in applying brake-power sooner. Station Masters then evinced a desire to avoid crossings at their particular stations, resulting in delays. Pressure of work did not permit of lectures, and circulars in the abstract were insufficient; by continual exhorta- tion, however, accidents were avoided and confidence instilled.
$ 13
39. In paragraph 5, the British Section's share from through goods traffic is given as $167,556.45, but it is desirable to stress that this figure, excellent as it may be, does not present the true picture of the work actually performed. Total tonnage handled during the last three months of the year is compared below with the figures for the corresponding period last year:-
October
November
December
1936
1937
Tons
Tons
6,022
31,771
4,705
28,373
5,544
32,472
Work has frequently continued until 4.00 a.m., and the overtime charges paid out amount to $2,651.28. Owing to persistent calls for economy in recent years, the traffic staff had been reduced to a bare minimum and therefore when activities on a large scale commenced, leave, except for sickness, had to be rigidly curtailed. The volume of goods handled reflects the greatest credit on the personnel, and additional staff are now needed to cope with the traffic.
40. The "Canton Belle" parlour railcar was put into service on May 6th, being converted in a similar manner to the companion car "Taipo Belle" introduced last year. If anything, the green and silver colour scheme and furnishing of the second car has proved more popular than the blue and silver motif of the other.
41. On January 16th, a calamitous fire involving consider- able loss of life occurred on the Up Fast passenger train whilst it was running over the Chinese Section. The fire originated 36 miles from Canton, just south of Shek Lik Kou Halt, and the train was brought to a standstill within 5/8ths of a mile. The numbers of dead and injured were 84 and 30 respectively. Three third-class carriages, two belonging to the Chinese Section and one to the British Section, were completely gutted down to the underframes. The most striking feature of the fire was the rapidity with which it spread. The outbreak commenced in the third coach from the engine where practically all the casualties occurred. A survivor stated that a sheet of flame seemed to shoot across this carriage from door to door. The inquiry held by the Ministry of Railways found that the accident was caused in all probability by the ignition of highly inflammable articles. It was ascertained that two baskets containing 320 dozen celluloid bangles were placed in these coaches at Shum Chun, the border station. How these bangles came to be carried is unknown, as no goods invoice was issued or freight collected. The origin of the fire could not be ascertained, but arson was strongly suspected.
S 14.
42. Safety measures undertaken after the conflagration to minimise future risks included the installation of fire extinguishers in all coaches, the fitting of clerestory windows in passenger brake-vans, the substitution of sliding doors for doors opening inwards in all third-class stock, and so far as the British Section stock on through trains was concerned, the introduction of glass- fronted brake cocks in each coach.
43. On January 28th, a second accident to the Up Fast passenger train occurred at Tong Tou Ha, a Chinese Section station 68 miles from Canton. The engine, water-wagon, and the two leading coaches, all belonging to the British Section, and two coaches owned by the Chinese Section were derailed just north of the South points, the two former being spread- eagled between the main line and No. 3 road. Considerable damage to track and stock, and dislocation of the through service occurred, but fortunately no passengers were injured. The train was due to stop at this station and cross the Down Slow which was standing on the main line. No joint agreement was reached as to the cause of the derailment, the findings of the British Section being that defective points were to blame, while the Chinese Section maintained that a sharp flange on the right-hand wheel of the trailing bogie of the engine was responsible.
44. The normal daily train service, both local and foreign, did not vary much throughout the year. It commenced with 24 trains. On August 7th, with the introduction of daily terminal evening passenger trains, the number was increased by two. This additional evening service was afterwards can- celled on September 13th, owing to air-raids, and the number of daily trains fell back to 24. On November 18th, it was found necessary to run two local goods trains, one up and one down, primarily to cater for the Military camps, so as not to delay the passenger trains. These trains have, however, proved useful generally and will be continued after the camping season is over.
45. The number of special trains during 1937 was entirely abnormal, the total amounting to 626. There were 235 trains specially run for the travelling public between Canton and Hong Kong, tabulated as follows:
Ching Ming Festival Coronation
Holidays and Week-ends
Refugees
Evening (daily service)
Tourist
30
57
74
9
50
15
Total
235
S 15
There were also three special passenger trains of Canton- Hankow Railway stock which came right through to Kowloon, as under:
(i). H.M.S. "Capetown" II arrived at Kowloon on October
9th.
(ii). H.B.M. Minister and Embassy Staff arrived at
Kowloon on December 5th.
(iii). International Refugees arrived at Kowloon on Decem-
ber 25th.
The 29 Local Specials were divided into 26 Military, 2 Picnic, and 1 for a Government party.
In addition to the above, 359 through goods specials were run, consisting of 191 up and 168 down trains.
46. Accidents, both operating and personal on the British Section, are detailed below:
Derailments
Minor collisions
Train divided
5
1
Trespassers killed by trains
6
Passengers fell off train and injured
3
Total
19
47. The Kowloon Station Yard has undergone several changes owing to the need for goods accommodation sidings and improved loading facilities. Extensions have been made to the sidings on the praya wall, and two lines emerge on to the empty carriage road just behind Kowloon Station Signal Box.
48. The acquisition in November of a 5-ton, 4.8" gauge, steam crane, capable of moving under its own power, has proved of great value and has speeded up the loading of cargo.
4.-General.
49. The arrival of 22 Wagons-Lits coaches in the Colony in September, which required storage space, caused
caused the Administration considerable embarrassment, as short of preparing sidings for their accommodation they only added to the conges- tion which obtained at that time. This course was finally adopted, but until the sidings were ready, the stock had to be taken out in ones and twos and found space at country stations. Before this could be done, however, a special coupler had to be fitted to the locomotive to enable the carriages to be hauled, since they were not supplied with the standard coupling for China,
"
$ 16
-
50. The Sino-Japanese hostilities were directly responsible for three special trains from Hankow composed of camouflaged Chinese National Railway stock protected by flags on the tops of the coaches. The first passenger train was named "H.M.S. Capetown II". It carried officers and men from H.M.S. Capetown, which ship had been held up in the Yangtze by defence booms placed across the river. The passengers had to transfer into fresh stock "en route" when a bridge ahead of them had been damaged by bombing. After an adventurous trip, the train arrived at Kowloon at 11.41 p.m. on October 9th, having taken more than 87 hours to complete the journey. The first passenger train to reach Kowloon with its original coaches carried the British Embassy and a few refugees. arrived on December 5th after an overall run of 50 hours 22 minutes. This performance was bettered on Christmas morning when a much beflagged international train called "Christinas Express" brought 294 refugees to Kowloon from Hankow in 47 hours 55 minutes.
51. The number of business organizations which hold agency agreements with the Railway has increased from six to seven with the addition of the Hong Kong & Shanghai Hotels Limited. Ticket sales for the past two years are as follows:
No. of tickets sold.
Daily Average
1936
1937
1936
1937
Wing On & Co. Ltd.
89,177 91,149
244 250
China Travel Service
77,845 78,054
213
214
China Emporium Ltd.
54,362 48,079
148
132
Thos. Cook & Son Ltd.
1,021
747 °
3
2
American Express
304
274
Travel Advisers
128
183
H.K. & Shanghai Hotels Ltd.
95
Total
.222,837 218,581
609 598
52. There were only 14 prosecutions to record for the whole year. All were convicted. Thieving was frequent and caused concern, due to the high price of scrap metal and the high cost of living.
Trespass
Theft
3
11
Total
14
- S 17
III. ACCOUNTS.
1.-General.
53. The Capital Account now stands at $20,476,703.51, having been increased by $14,364.21 during the year.
54. The net operating revenue for the year was $436,935.30 and, after making provision for all interest charges, the net surplus was $339,894.52. This sum has been applied to the reduction of the accumulated deficits brought forward from previous years.
The total accumulated deficits at the close of the year was $7,590,977.98.
55. The working results for the past five years are as under:-
Year
1933
(Actual
1934
Weighted
Actual
1935
Weighted
1936
JActual
Weighted
Actual
1937
Weighted
Net
Gross Operating Operating Receipts. Expenses. Revenue.
$
1,630,610.83 919,558.41 711,052.42 1,639,775.07 943,170.66 696,604.41 1,671,087.76
727,917.10
1,411,087.76 911,020.25 500,654.48 1,512,405.26
601,385.01
1,245,469.16 790,736.16 454,733.00 1,362,442.32
571,706.16
1,331,468.73 894,533.43 436,935.30 1,466,572.73
572,039.30
The weighted figures, which are included for comparison, are based on a 35% apportionment of terminal through receipts, which was the British Section's share prior to October 1st, 1934. As a proportion of the operating expenses are dependent on the sterling exchange value of the dollar, the expenditure figures cannot be regarded as truly comparative.
56. Receipts and expenditure under the most important heads are given below and compared with Estimates for the year and Actuals for the preceding year:
Operating Receipts.
Heads.
Actuals Estimates Actuals
1936.
1937.
1937.
$
$
$
R-1 Passenger Service, Through. 568,972
570,000 613,285
R-1
Passenger Service, Local 412,443 345,000† 297,412
R-3 Goods Service, Through
43,477 41,000 161,409
R-3 Goods Service, Local
13,714
12,500
17,597
R-7 Profit on Central Mechanical
Works
252
150
12,786
R-8 Rents
15,988
9,300
58,522
R-9
Incidental Revenue
46,612
39,000
50,953
R-10 Foreign Train Haulage
132,483 72,400
92,606
+ This figure was revised to $259,000 in October 1936 when the effect
of the closure of Shum Chun Casino could be gauged.
-S 18
Operating Expenditure.
Actuals Estimates Actuals
1936.
1937.
1937.
$
$
$
E-1 General Expenses
E-2 Traffic Expenses
E-3 Running Expenses
158,198 170,417 176,374 100,077 108,726 102,404 199,366 236,857 224,473
E-4 Maintenance of Equipment
E-5 Maintenance of Way and
Structures
219,324 221,178 201,692
113,771 192,743* 189,591
* Includes $80,883 in respect of Typhoon damage.
57. Trends of various Railway activities are adumbrated below by comparing peak earnings with those of the current
year:
Peak earnings prior
to 1937.
Earnings
1937.
Amount. Year
obtained.
Source.
Passenger Traffic.
Terminal Through
Sectional Through
Local (All Stations)
443,159 429,530 1936 179,705 157,367 1933 300,760 704,183 1933
Local (Shum Chun only).. 85,418
438,167
1933
Local (All Stations except
Shum Chun)
215,342
271,630
1932
Goods Traffic.
Terminal Through
$ 95,315
$ 32,245
1935
Sectional Through
$ 72,241
$ 23,738
1934
Local
$ 17,706
$ 34,031
1927
Miscellaneous.
Rent and Incidentals
$109,475
Foreign Train Haulage.. $ 92,606
$ 62,600 $289,641
1936
1935
58. Revenue for the year increased 6.90%, the contributory factors being given in paragraphs 2, 3 and 5 of this report.
59. All available storage space was leased out during the latter part of the year, with the result that revenue under the head Rentals was up by 266%
S. 19
60. Local Passenger and Foreign Train Haulage were the only two revenue heads to register declines. The former was caused by the closure of Shum Chun Casino, whilst the latter was due to the Chinese Section performing more of the through haulage.
61. There was а collective saving of $35,389 on the published estimates for Personal Emoluments, and Other Charges.
62. General Expenses increased by $18,176.10 over 1936 figures. This was due to increased payments under Personal Emoluments.
63. The slight advance of 2.33% registered in Traffic Expenses can be attributed to increased staff emoluments.
64. Running Expenses increased by $25,106.90, directly attributable to the rise in the price of coal from $9.70 to $12.50 per ton. Kailan No. 1 Lump continued to be used as it was the most economical obtainable.
of
65. On Maintenance of Equipment, a reduction $17,732.51 was obtained. $11,065.94 of this sum can be accounted for by the reduced contribution to depreciation reserves obtained by handing over three locomotives to the Chinese Section in May 1936. Locomotive repairs were down by 13.59%.
66. Expenditure on Maintenance of Way and Structures soared 66.64%, or $75,819.79 over last year's figure. This was the result of repair work necessitated by the September typhoon.
67. The average sterling exchange value for the year was 1/23 as against an estimated figure of 1/3. The exchange rate was steady, the negligible variation in the sterling value of the local dollar making estimating of expenditure a simple matter where sterling commitments were concerned.
68. The rate of exchange between Canton and Hong Kong currencies opened in January at 154 and closed in July at 149.90. The highest and lowest points touched were 154.20 in May and 146.60 in July. Chinese National Currency, which displaced Canton Currency on August 1st, opened at 103 and closed on December 31st at 104.25. The British Section's share of sectional through receipts was based on a transaction rate of 160 for the period January to June, 155 for July, and 100 from August to December. For the first seven months of the year, the exchange between Canton and Hong Kong currencies operated in favour of the British Section.
$ 20
69. Depreciation charges on rolling stock for the year amounted to $47,391.40. This sum has been included in the operating account. The amount now standing to the credit of Depreciation Reserves is $917,366.87.
70. Special Expenditure amounted to $147,388.02. This sum has been allocated as under:-
Capital
Revenue
Depreciation Reserves.
Total
$14,364.21
81,764.80
51,254.01
$147,383.02
2.-Statistical.
71. The statistical section has continued to compile com- prehensive returns of the working of the Railway.
72. Statistics produced during the year have been subject to such exceptional influences that, unless due regard is taken of the factors involved, comparisons are of little value. To obtain traffic trends, it is necessary to weigh the various working results.
IV. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING.
78. All locomotives, carriages, wagons, machinery, tools and plant have been maintained in as good working order and repair as funds available have allowed.
74. The staff have been working at full pressure throughout the year due to the abnormal conditions obtaining, and the activities of the shops have been expanded to their fullest extent.
75. British Section locomotives continued to haul the through fast and through mixed trains, and Chinese Section engines to haul the expresses, between Canton and Kowloon.
76. Considerable repair work was undertaken on "A" class locomotives, consisting primarily of staying and re-tubing boilers.
77. As foreshadowed in last year's report, it was found necessary to withdraw "B" class engine No. 11 from the service in January, and No. 10 in June. Provision had been made in the Estimates for reconditioning and superheating the boiler of the former. In January, however, the boiler failed to pass the hydraulic test and an examination of the firebox disclosed a back tube plate fracture. As the condition of Nos. 9 and 10 was doubtful, it was decided to abandon the original proposal and to recondition two boilers in the Works, fitting them with new copper fireboxes from Home. In June, the boiler of No. 10 engine was removed for re-staying and a fatigue crack was found in the front plate of the firebox; an attempt was made to weld this, but without success,
S 21
78. Experience gained as the result of a further year's work with wheel treads turned to an angle of 1 in 20 and rails laid to 1 in 40 shows that the life of the tyres is lengthened considerably, although there appears to be a liability to wheel slip on curves when the locomotives are hauling maximum
loads.
79. No. 7 "A" class engine was involved in a serious derailment at Tong Tou Ha in Chinese territory in January in which the water-wagon and one third-class carriage, both belonging to the British Section, were badly damaged. The engine suffered no ill-effects other than a bent rear cowcatcher. The cause of the accident was not fully established.
80. The bodywork of third-class carriage No. 9 was com- pletely destroyed when the Up Fast train caught fire on January 16th. This coach was rebuilt and replaced in service in March.
81. After the fire, it was decided to minimise risk by extending the existing safety precautions. Fourteen coaches employed in the through service were fitted with glass-fronted brake-cocks, and sliding doors; the former as substitutes for the chain type of alarm signal which was considered to be unsuitable for China, and the latter to replace the hinged type. Four passenger brake-vans were provided with clerestory windows, alterations to the remaining three vans being left until 1938.
82. Third-class coaches Nos. 13 and 25 were damaged severely by bombs dropped by Japanese aircraft in Chinese territory, and had to be rebuilt. One 30-ton goods wagon had the underframe and one bogie destroyed by similar means, while the boiler of engine No. 7 had to be welded, due to machine-gun fire which had penetrated the boiler shell in four places Several wagons were pierced by bullets with negligible damage.
83. When coach No. 25 was rebuilt, the experiment was inade of trying out an all-varnish exterior finish, instead of the usual standard colour paint. The matched teak woodwork was given five coats of copal varnish, while the roof, underframe and bogies were painted in aluminium. This method was not only cheaper, but improved the general appearance of the car. It is intended to standardize the new finish if it continues to prove satisfactory after twelve months' running.
84. Second-class coach No. 40 was converted into a second- third composite carriage to suit the exigencies of traffic.
85. Motor coach No. 2, upon which work was commenced in 1936, was completed as a streamlined railcar in May and placed in service as the "Canton Belle". This car was fitted out like its sister car the "Taipo Belle", the colour scheme being silver and green instead of silver and blue. The stream- lining at the rear was improved by fitting a concave skirt. This not only enhanced the appearance, but prevented an accumula- tion of mud and dirt. The "Taipo Belle" was treated similarly, later on in the year.
$ 22
86. First-class carriage No. 34, which was in a bad state of repair, was stripped down and modernised as an air-conditioned parlour lounge car. Comfortable seating accommodation was provided for 31 passengers. The cooling plant, which was supplied by the Trane Company, Wisconsin, U.S.A., was of the ice-activated type and cost U.S. $990. Due to the American shipping strike, the plant did not arrive until May and, in con- sequence, the first six weeks of the summer were lost. The insulation consisted primarily of 2" granulated cork; this proved to be so efficient that the 222-mile journey from Kowloon to Canton and back with a 5-hour wait at Canton was accomplished with an ice consumption of only 3,000 lbs. With an outside temperature of 88° to 90° F. and a relative humidity of 85 per cent, the temperature maintained in the car with its complement of passengers averaged 75° F. with a relative humidity of 60 per cent. The floor was specially constructed with three layers of teakwood match-boarding, one layer of cork being sandwiched between the two bottom layers. This succeeded in damping out vibrations, with the result that silent running was obtained.
87. Seventeen coaches were painted during the year.
88. Twelve 30-ton wagons and ten 15-ton wagons were overhauled and painted, while another fourteen 30-ton wagons and five 15-ton wagons received minor repairs and painting.
89. It was found that the springs on 30-ton covered goods vehicles were not strong enough to carry a capacity load on fast goods trains. To obviate this defect, new double-sprung axle boxes will be fitted as funds permit.
90. Towards the latter part of the year, considerable work was undertaken for the Canton-Hankow Railway. Three first- class sleeping cars were erected, one tender class locomotive was reconditioned, and four 30-ton wagons were rebuilt. In addition, work is proceeding on one locomotive and three wagons.
91. Three new Pacific type express locomotives ordered by the Chinese Section of the line from Skodaworks Limited arrived in Hong Kong erected ready for the road. They were unloaded at Taikoo Dockyard, and the British Section, on behalf of the suppliers, dismantled the boilers, cabs and leading bogies. The parts were then loaded into lighters and conveyed to the Railway praya sidings where they were lifted by the 65-ton breakdown crane and re-assembled at the Works. One engine was handed over to the Chinese Section on September 27th and the other two on November 4th.
92. A new twist drill grinder was installed in the Machine Shop in place of an old machine which was converted into a dry tool grinder.
93. The motor repair shop was kept fully employed during the year. Major overhauls of lorries, fire engines and ambulances totalled 17, while 4 new van bodies were built for the Police Department.
- $ 23
V.-CIVIL ENGINEERING.
94. Way and works have been maintained in good order and repair during the year.
95. The wooden type level-crossing at Blackhead's Point, Kowloon, was renewed by reinforced concrete slabs covered with chequered steel plates. This replacement completed the pro- gramme for the modernisation of all road level-crossings.
96. Platform No. 4, Kowloon Station, was extended from 830 to 900 feet, and Platform No. 3 from 670 feet to 800 feet. Extra length was made available by fixing sand drags in front of all buffer stops. These additions increased the capacities of Platforms 3 and 4 to 11 and 13 coach trains respectively.
97. Goods accommodation at Kowloon Station was improved considerably by the construction of new sidings and by altera- tions to the existing layout. Second-hand materials were used throughout.
98. Four new sidings measuring 649 feet, 642 feet, 614 feet. and 914 feet in the clear were laid at Hung Hom Station, the first three to store 22 Wagons-Lits coaches which had been diverted to Hong Kong from Shanghai, the fourth for the use of the Purchasing Commission of the Ministry of Railways, China.
99. The Hong Kong and Whampoa Dock Company's premises were connected to the Hung Hom Locomotive Yard by means of a siding 1,090 feet in length, laid down Baker Street.
100. Bridges Nos. 35, 36, 37, 38, 41, 42, 43, 45 and 46 were reconditioned.
101. Extensive damage to Railway property amounting to $80,883 was caused by a typhoon of record intensity which hit Hong Kong in the early hours of September 2nd. The greatest destruction occurred between Shatin and Taipo Market where over a mile of track was washed out by a tidal wave. Labour and materials were at a premium due to the Colony's require- ments exceeding the available supply; for this reason repair work could not be rushed at the speed planned, although 16,755 coolie-days labour enabled two through passenger trains to run after a lapse of 10 days. Normal traffic, at restricted speed. was resumed-on September 13th, and all repairs were completed by the end of November. New filling, fronting the sea, was protected by concrete slabs 5 feet square and one foot thick which were laid in the dry.
102. The dilapidated wooden island platform at Shatin Station was demolished and a permanent concrete one was erected in its stead.
S 24
103. The painting gang was fully employed throughout the year, principally on station buildings and staff quarters.
104. Detached kitchens were added to three ganghuts and one Traffic quarter. This was the first part of a 3-years pro- gramme to improve staff accommodation.
105. Considerable work was undertaken for the Military Authorities in connection with the Defence Scheme.
VI.-STORES.
106. A Board of Survey in the last quarter of the year pronounced the stock correct with articles well arranged and books well kept.
107. More local purchases of stores were made due to extensive overhauls and repairs carried out by the Central Mechanical Workshops to locomotives and wagons, and the assembly of three new first-class sleeping cars, all belonging to the Canton-Hankow Railway.
108. A close watch was kept on the Unallocated Stores supply, the balance on December 31st being $118,507.99 against the $175,000.00 authorized.
109. The prices of Stores rose considerably; coal by 29%, metals by 60%, and locally purchased articles other than metals by 9.5%.
110. The position of Stores was as follows:
Balance of Unallocated Stores at 31.12.36 Stores purchased in 1937:-
.$123,141.37
Coal
$184,255.58
Sleepers
20,052.51
By Local Contract
114,891.03
From Public Works Department
(Oils, petrol, etc.)
49,390.13
Crown Agents
79,769.68
Total
Stores issued
Balance of Unallocated Stores at 31.12.37
448,358.93
$ 571,500.30
452,992.31
$ 118,507.99
- S 25 -
VII. STAFF.
111. Mr. A. J. C. Taylor, Chief Accountant, proceeded on long leave to England on February 20th, and Mr. W. R. Andrews was seconded from the Supreme Court to act in his place. Mr. Taylor returned to the Colony on November 25th, 1937.
112. Mr. A. E. Perry, Traffic Assistant, proceeded on long leave to England on February 20th and returned to the Colony on November 25th, 1937. His duties, during his absence on leave, were arranged departmentally.
113. Mr. R. S. Bevan, Permanent Way Inspector, returned to the Colony from long leave on January 7th, 1937. Mr. Bevan was invalided from the service and left the Colony on leave prior to retirement on September 18th, 1937. Mr. T. Henderson was seconded from the Public Works Department on December 6th 1937 to act as Permanent Way Inspector.
114. Mr. D. C. Cathie, Senior Traffic Inspector, left the Colony for England on December 25th 1937 on termination of agreement.
115. The strength of the Department at the end of the year was 568, comprising 348 monthly paid and 220 daily paid employees as against the previous year's figures of 347 and 219 respectively.
116. The Railway Recreation Club membership at the close of the year was 158. The third annual athletic meeting was held in June at the Kowloon Football Club ground, and for the third year in succession the Locomotive Department won the aggregate challenge shield.
117. The strength of the Railway First Aid Division of the St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas, at the end of the year, was 36 officers and men, all of whom passed the Annual Examination. Sergeant S.P. de Loberson was promoted to Ambulance Officer. Ten accidents were treated, the most serious being a fractured skull and a fractured forearm.
118. The strength of the Railway Operating Detachment Cadre of the Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps on December 31st was 6 officers and 52 other ranks.
119. One fireman was severely scalded and subsequently died as the result of bathing in an unauthorized place in the Works.
$ 26
VIII.-APPRECIATION.
120. The writer wishes to thank all members of the staff for their untiring efforts. Heavy demands were made upon them all and they were called upon frequently to work excessive hours on account of the abnormal conditions prevailing. He wishes particularly to acknowledge the devotion to duty of British Section engine crews who continued to work the mid-day fast and the mixed trains between Kowloon and Canton throughout a period of intensive bombardment.
February 18th, 1938.
+
R. D. WALKER,
M. Inst. C.E., M. Inst. T.,
Manager and Chief Engineer.
$ 27
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND
STATISTICAL TABLES.
Summary of Operating Statistics
Page
28-33
PART 1.-FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
No.
1. Special Expenditure
34-35
2. Capital Expenditure
36-37
3. Operating Account
38-39
4.
Income
40-43
5.
Accumulated Deficits
44-45
6. General Balance Sheet
Passenger Traffic & Receipts (Analysis of Passenger Service)...
8. Goods Traffic & Receipts (Analysis of Goods Service)
9. Miscellaneous Operating Revenue
10. Assignments of Operating Expenses
11.
Unallocated Stores Account
12. Analysis of Traffic Revenue
46-47
48-49 50-51
52
52
53
53
13. Analysis of Expenditure..
54-58
PART II.-STATISTICAL TABLES.
Table.
A Analysis of Operated Mileage
59
B Sleeper Renewals
C Classification of Rolling Stock-Motive Power
59
60-61
D
E
F
do. do. do.
-Carriages
-Goods Wagons
-Service Equipment
62-63
64-65
64-65
Locomotives
G Analysis of Steam Train Mileage hauled by British Section
H Analysis of Steam Train Mileage hauled by Chinese Section
66
Locomotives
I Analysis of Railcar Train Mileage
J Analysis of Carriage & Wagon Mileage
K Timekeeping of Booked Trains
67
68
68
69
L Statistics of Passenger Traffic
M Statistics of Goods Traffic
N Passenger Train Statistics
O Goods Train Statistics
P Consumption of Coal on Locomotives
Q Miscellaneous Running Costs and Performances
R List of Employees
75 76-77
78 79-80
70-71
72-73
74
$ 28
SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL AND STATISTICAL RESULTS
OF THE PAST THREE YEARS.
Head No.
List of Heads
1935
1936
1937
1
Gauge
4' 8"
4' 8"
4' 81"
2
Route mileage
(a) Owned
(b) Operated
3
Track mileage
21.76
21.76
21.76
22.06
22.06
22.06
33.74
33.74
34.69
Gross Railway receipts
$ 1,411,674 1,245,469 1,331,468
5 Railway working expenditure
$
911,020 790,736 894,533
6
Net operating revenue
$
500,654 454,733 436,935
7
Percentage of Railway working expenditure to gross Railway receipts
Capital expenditure
64.53
63.49
67.18
$20,448,396 20,462,339 20,476,704
9
Percentage of net operating revenue
to capital expenditure
2.45
2.22
2.13
10
Capital expenditure per route mile
owned
$
939,724 940,365 941,030
11
Gross Railway receipts per route
mile operated
.$
66,993 56,458
60,357
12
Railway working expenditure per
route mile operated
$
41,297 35,845 40,550
13
Passenger paying train mileage on
Home Line:·
(a) Local Traffic
111,858 104,659
91,449
(b) Through Traffic
65,391
60,445 59,607
(c) Total Traffic
177,249
165,104 151,056
- $ 29
SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL AND STATISTICAL RESULTS
OF THE PAST THREE YEARS,—Continued.
Head No.
List of Heads
1935
1936
1937
14
Percentage of through to total
Passenger train mileage
36.89
36.61
39.46
15
Goods paying train mileage on
Home Line:-
(a) Local Traffic
26,301
21,965 20,000
(b) Through Traffic
26,859
25,262 33,903
(c) Total Traffic
53,160
47,227 53,903
16
Train mileage on Home Line:-
(a) Steam
223,593
208,071
204,802
(b) Railcar
8,123
5,532
3,330
(c) Total
231,716
213,603
208,132
17
Average train miles per day per
route mile operated
28.77
26.46
25.84
18
Foreign train mileage hauled by British Section locomotives
277,294
141,471
121,825
19
Foreign train mileage run
run by British Section railcars
89
887
20
Home train mileage hauled by
British Section locomotives
223,593
193,203
173,862
21
Train mileage hauled by British
Section locomotives
500,887
334,674
295,687
22
Train mileage run by British
Section railcars
8,123
5,621
4,217
23
Home train mileage hauled by Chinese Section locomotives
14,868
30,940
24
Haulage receipts
289,641
132,483
92,606
25
Percentage of haulage receipts to
gross Railway receipts
20.52
10.64
6.96
$ 30
SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL AND STATISTICAL RESULTS
OF THE PAST THREE YEARS,-Continued.
Head
No.
List of Heads
1935
1936
1937
26
Engine mileage
(a) Steam
707,026
505,091
456,499
(b) Railcar
8,865
6,061
4,812
27
Percentage of train to engine
mileage
(a) Steam
70.84
66.26
64.77
(b) Railcar
91.63
92.74
87.63
28
Gross railway receipts per train
mile (Home Line) §
4.84
5.21
5.95
29
Railway working expenditure per
train mile (Home Line) §.....$
2.68
2.61
3.85
30
Engine hours
51,924
41,290
39,509
31
Train miles per engine hour
9.65
8.11
7.48
32
Number of steam locomotives in
stock
15
12
12
33
Engine miles per day per steam
locomotive in stock
129.1
† 105.4
104.2
34
Passenger receipts:
1
(a) Local Traffic
495,041
414,975 300,760
(b) Through Traffic
$
503,894
574,811 622,864
(c) Total Traffic
$
998,935 989,786 923,624
35
Percentage of passenger receipts
to gross Railway receipts
70.76
77.87
69.37
36
Passenger receipts per route mile
operated
$
45,283
44,877
41,869
$ 31
SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL AND STATISTICAL RESULTS
OF THE PAST THREE YEARS,--Continued.
Head No.
List of Heads
87 Passenger receipts per paying train
38
mile
(a) Local Traffic
(b) Through Traffic
(c) Total Traffic
Number of passenger journeys.
1935
1936
1937
4.43
3.96
3.29
7.71
9.51
10.45
$
5.63
5.99
6.10
(a) Local Traffic
1,239,297 1,086,325
919,131
(b) Through Traffic
1,560,055 1,740,542 | 1,702,387
(c) Total: Traffic
2,799,352 | 2,826,867 | 2,721,518
39
Passenger miles :——
(a) Local Traffic
16,901,553 14,102,047 10,960,398
(b) Through Traffic
34,179,027 38,104,412 37,285,202
(c) Total Traffic
51,080,580 52,206,459 48,245,600
40
Average Passenger Receipts per
passenger mile:
(a) Local Traffic
0.029
0.029
0.028
(b) Through Traffic
$
0.015
0.015
0.017
(c) Total Traffic
.$
0.019
0.019
0.019
41
Passenger miles per route mile
operated
2,315,529 2,366,566 2,187,017
42
Passenger miles
per passenger
train mile:
(a) Local Traffic
151
135
120
(b) Through Traffic
523
632
626
(c) Total Traffic
288
316
319
- S 32 --
SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL AND STATISTICAL RESULTS
OF THE PAST THREE YEARS,—Continued.
Head No.
List of Heads
1935
1936
1937
.
43
Average length of journey. Miles
18.25
18.47
17.73
44
Number of coaching vehicles in
stock
44
44
44
45
Coaching vehicles mileage
1,370,751 | 1,309,827 | 1,397,886
46
Carriage miles per day per coach-
ing vehicle in stock
85.3
81.5
87.0
47
Goods Receipts:-
t
(a) Local Traffic
.$
16,286
13,843 17,707
(b) Through Traffic
$
49,897
44,695
167,556
(c) Total Traffic
$
66,183
58,538
185,263
48
Percentage of goods receipts to
gross Railway receipts
4.69
4.70
13.91
49
Goods receipts per route mile
operated
$
3,000
2,654
8,398
50
Goods receipts per paying train
mile:
(a) Local Traffic
0.62
0.63
0.89
(b) Through Traffic
.$
1.86
1.77
4.94
(c) Total Traffic
.$
1.24
1.24
3.44
51 .
Tons of goods hauled:
(a) Paying
101,534
78,721 185,389
(b) Non-paying
1,732
52 Average receipt per ton of goods...$
0.64
0.74
1.00
53
Nett ton mileage of goods.
(a) Paying ....
2,048,753
1,555,102 3,926,221
-S 33.
SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL AND STATISTICAL RESULTS
OF THE PAST THREE YEARS,--Continued.
Head No.
List of Heads
1935
1936
1937
(b) Non-paying
38,218
54
Average receipt per ton mile
0.032
0.038
0.047
55
Average length of haul of paying
goods traffic
.Miles
20.18
19.75
21.17
56
Number of goods vehicles in stock.
110
110
100
57
Loaded goods vehicle mileage .......
454,015
431,560
489,361
58
Empty goods vehicle mileage
145,118
145,455 218,013
59
Total goods vehicle mileage
599,133
577,015 707,374
60
Percentage of empty to total goods
vehicle mileage
24.22
25.21
30.82
61
Average Wagon load ...............tons
4.60
3.60
7.98
62
Wagon miles per day per goods
vehicle in stock
14.9
14.3
17.6
63
Coal consumed by steam loco-
motives per train mile ........lbs.
72.47
82.21
87.05
64
miles
65
Lubricating
Lubricating oil consumed by steam locomotives per 100 engine
oil consumed by
pints
19.62
15.1
13.29
coaching and goods vehicles per 1,000 vehicle miles.....pints
5.94
6.18
5.44
66
Petrol consumed per railcar train
mile
.....gals.
0.364
0.351
0.359
§ Haulage receipts deducted.
+ Receipts from all sources.
+
Average stock taken at 13 as 3 locomotives were handed over to Chinese
Section on 1st May, 1936.
$ 34
PART I.-
Sub-heads
Particulars
Items chargeable to Capital Account.
34 Extension of Platform No. 4, Kowloon Station 35 Reinforced Concrete Road Level Crossings
Statement No. 1—
36 Detached Kitchens for Staff Quarters and Gang Huts ...
37 Reconditioning and converting from Saturated to
Superheated steam one Class B Locomotive Boiler...
38 One New "ACFI" Feed Water Heater Pump 39 Provision of fans in eight 3rd Class Coaches 40 One Twist Drill Grinder
Siding from Locomotive Yard, Hung Hom to Hong
Kong & Whampoa Dock Co.'s Premises
Items chargeable to Revenue Account and debited to Operating Expenses.
Estimates for the year
$ 3,500.00
3,000.001
(*)
458.00
1,200.00
25,000.00
6,000.00
1,600.00
800.00
(*) 5,500.00
47,058.00
41 Two new Typewriters
900.00
Typhoon Damage (2.9.37.)
(*) 81,200.00
Repairs to damaged Locomotive and Wagons
(*)
· 97.00
82,197.00
Items chargeable to Depreciation Reserves.
42 Air-conditioning by ice-cooling one First Class Steel
Coach
Rebuilding one Third Class Coach
Reconditioning of two Class B Locomotive Boilers
Rebuilding two damaged Coaches
4,000.00 (*) 15,000.00 (*) 19,000.001 (*) 4,600.00 (*) 18,000.00
60,600.00
Items chargeable to Government.
Total
(*) Items voted subsequent to the preparation of 1937 Estimates.
$189,855.00
$ 35
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
Special Expenditure.
Expenditure
during the year.
Debit:-
C-11-2 Station Buildings.
$ 2,792.57
3,235.50
C-7-2 Road Crossings.
1,148.21
C-11-4 Staff Quarters.
Allocations
1,417.65
673.50
C-15-5 Lighting and Heating Equipment. C-12-2 Machinery and Tools.
5,096.78
C-9 Track.
14,364.21
785.59
80,883.12
96.09
Debit:
(E-2-1-3 Office Expenses
E-4-1-3
E-5-10 Extraordinary Expenses. (E-4-2-1 Locomotive Repairs
E-4-4-1 Goods Wagons Repairs
81,764.80
Debit:
3,952.78
B-3-3 Depreciation Reserves.
10,091.10
do.
21,451.41
do.
15,758.72
do.
51,254.01
$147,383.02
$446.79 $338.80
$ 48.05
$ 48.04
Main Heads
1
S 36
PART I. CONSTRUCTION ACCOUNTS.
C- 1 General Expenditure
C- 2 Preliminary Expenditure
C- 3 Land
C- 4 Formation
C- 5 Tunnels
C- 6 Bridgework
C- 7 Line Protection
C- 8 Telegraphs and Telephones
C- 9 Track
C-10 Signals and Switches
C-11 Stations and Buildings
C-12 Central Mechanical Works
Statement No. 2—
At the Beginning of the Year
2
$
753,619.68
80,045.23
5,210,696.83
2,844,293.70
3,817,997.54
1,419,674.07
125,220.81
43,582.12
1,068,958.64
97,007.06
1,108,598.36
400,127.83
C-13 Special Mechanical Works
C-14 Plant
190,682.76
C-15 Rolling Stock
2,829,772.13
C-16 Maintenance
C-17 Docks, Harbours and Wharves
1,129.75
76,022.13
C-18 Floating Equipment
Total of Part I.
20,067,428.64
PART II.-FINANCIAL ACCOUNTS.
C-19 Interest during Construction
701,705.62
C-20 Exchange (Commuted General and Bank)
Total of Part II.
306,794.96
394,910.66
Total of Part I & II.
20,462,339.30
C-21 Deduct Receipts on Capital Account
Total cost of Property carried to Balance Sheet
$20,462,339.30
- $ 37
Capital Expenditure.
During the year.
New Lines and Additions and
Extensions
3
Betterments
4
Property Abandoned
Net Capital Expenditure
5
6
€A
At the End of
the Year
7
$ 753,619.68
80,045.23
5,210,696.83
2,844,293.70
3,817,997.54
1,419,674.07
3,235.50.
3,235.50
128,456.31
43,582.12
5,096.78
5,096.78
1,074,055.42
97,007.06
3,940.78
3,940.78
1,112,539.14
673.50
673.50
400,801.33
190,682.76
1,417.65
1,417.65
2,831,189.78
1,129.75
76,022.13
14,364.21
14,364.21
20,081,792.85
701,705.62
306,794.96
394,910.66
14,364.21
14,364.21
20,476,703.51
€
•$.
14,364.21
FA
14,364.21 $20,476,703.51
Dr.
PREVIOUS YEAR.
Percentage on Total
Operating
Amount.
Operating Expenses.
S 38
Statement No. 3-
CURRENT YEAR.
Percentage
on Total
Amount.
Expenses.
Operating Expenses.
C.
MAIN LINE.
C. $ C.
158,198.26
E-1 General Expenses
176,374.36
10.77
85,141.52 Administration
103,873.97
11.61
9.24
73,056.74
Special
72,500.39
8.10
12.65
100,076.58
E-2 Traffic Expenses
102,403.57
11.45
199,366.03
E-3 Running Expenses
224;472.93
21.26
168,078.45
Locomotives
190,514.78
21.30
1.69
13,341.98
Carriages and Wagons...
16,447.38
1.84
.31
2,431.24
Motor Vehicles
2,699.31
.30
1.96
15,514.36
Traffic
14,811.46
1.65
E-4 Maintenance of Equip-
219,324.29
27.73
219,324.29
ment Locomotives Department. E-5 Maintenance of Way
201,691.78
201,691.78
22.55
113,771.00
13.86 .53
109,588.18 4,182.82
and Structures Engineering Department. 184,681.12 Other Department
189,590.79
20.65
4,909.67
555
.55
100.00
790,736.16
Total Operating Expenses..
454,733.00
Balance Net Revenue
894,533.43
100.00
436,935.30
1,331,468.73
100.00
100.00 1,245,469.16
(1) Expenditure as per Treasury figure
(2) Portion of Special Expenditure chargeable to Revenue
(3) Depreciation on Rolling Stock
(4) Repayments in respect of B-8-2 Payments made in advance
(5) Services rendered by Government
(6) Pensions and Gratuities
(7) Rent and other special allowances to staff
(8) Staff Passages
1
Less Running Expenses of Government Motor Cars and Lorries
which is included in (1)
Less Major replacement of units chargeable to Dèprèciation
Reserves
Total Operating Expenses
$ 683,746.02 81.764.80 47,391.40
4,404.00
5,128.66
62.772.64
10,947.43
10,800.00
$ 906,954.95
$12,421.52
12,421.52
.$ 894,533.43
1
Operating Account.
PREVIOUS YEAR.
Percentage on Total
Operating
Revenue.
Amount.
S 39-
Operating Revenue.
CURRENT YEAR.
Amount.
Cr.
Percentage
on Total Operating Revenue.
C.
C.
33.12
412,442.84
LOCAL SERVICE.
R-1 Passengers Service,
Passengers
R-2 Passengers Service,
C.
C.
297,411.65
22.34
.20
1.10
2,531.90 13,713.98
Other
3,348.65
.25
..01
129.00
.02
252.30
R-3 Goods Service, Goods R-4 Goods Service, Other R-7 Profit on Central Mech. anical Works
17,596.59
1.32
110.00
.01
12,785.55
.96
1.28
15,988.12
R-8 Rent
58,522.00
4.40
2.70
33,675.99 478,734.13 R-9 Incidental Revenue
38,507.95 428,282.48|
2.89
THROUGH SERVICE. R-1 Passengers Service,
45.68
568,971,54
.47
3.49
5,839.00 43,476.93
Passengers
R-2 Passengers Service,
Other
613,284.68
46.06
9,579.40
.72
.10
1.04
1,218.00 12,935.80
10.64
132,482.78
.15
1,810.98 766.735.03).
R-3 Goods Service, Goods R-4 Goods Service, Other R-9 Incidental Revenue R-10 Auxiliary Operation,
Foreign Haulage R-11 Interchange of Rolling
Stock
161,403.79
12.12
6,147.66
.46
12,445.49
.93
92,606.24
6.96
7,713.99 903,186.25
.58
100.00
1,245,469.16 Total Operating Revenue...
1,331,468.73 100.00
100.00
Balance Net Loss
1,245,469.16
(1) Revenue as per Treasury figure
(2) Government Transportation.
(a) Passengers
(b) Goods
(3) Government Rentals etc.
1,331,468.73
100.00
$1,297,940.29
24,266.20
394.60
8,867.64
Total Operating Revenue
$1,331,468.73
Dr.
Previous Year
€9
1.
- $ 40
www.
Statement No. 4
· PART I.-
Current Year
1
I-8
Balance, Net Loss
I-9
Interest on Funded Debt
I-10
Interest on Current Debt
I-11
Contractual Dividends
107,196.15
I-12
Interest on Government Investments (A)
107,684.18
I-13
Loss on Industrial Investment
I-14
Amortization of Discounts on
Funded Debt
1-15
Taxes
I-16
Rents Payable
I-17.
Discount on Depreciated Currency...
I-18
Exchange (Loss)
I-19
Miscellaneous Debits
107,196.15
Total
107,684.18
357,257.17
Balance
339,894.52
464,453.32
Total
447,578.70
(A) Interest on Special Expenditure up to 1936 (less sales & adjustments)
31% on $3,076,690.73
.$107,684.18
Income.
INCOME ACCOUNT.
Previous Year
2
$ 41
Cr.
Current Year
2
¢
454,733.00
I-1
Balance, Net Revenue
$
436,935.30
I-2.
Income from Securities
9,720.32
I-3
Interest on Depreciation Reserves... (B)
10,643.40
I-4
Profit on Industrial Investments
I-5
Rents Receivable
I-6
Exchange (Gain)
1-7
Miscellaneous Credits
464,453.32
464,453.32
Total
447,578.70
Balance
Total
447,578.70
(B) Interest on Depreciation Reserves up to 1936.
31% on $304,097.16.
Non Interest Bearing
.$617,132.32
Total Depreciation Reserves .$921,229.48
$10,643.40
Previous Year
1
{
€
357,257.17
357,257.17
$ 42
Statement No. 4 (continued)
PART II.-PROFIT AND
PL-5 Balance of the Year
PL-6 Loss on Property Retired
PL-7 Delayed Operating Debits
PL-8 Miscellaneous Debits
Previous Year
1
Total
Balance
Total
Current Year
1
的
339,894.52
339,894.52
PART III.-SURPLUS
Current Year
1
S-4
Deficit for the Year
8,288,129.67
S-5
Deficit from Previous Years
7,930,872.50
8,288,129.67
Total
7,930,872.50
Surplus carried Balance Sheet
to
8,288,129.67
Total
7,930,872.50
- S 43
-Income.
LOSS ACCOUNT.
Previous Year
2
$
357,257.17 PL-1 Balance of the Year
PL-2 Profit on Sale of Assets
PL-3 Delayed Operating Credits
PL-4 Miscellaneous Credits
357,257.17
357,257.17
APPROPRIATION ACCOUNT.
Previous Year-
2
Current Year'
2
339,894.52
Total
339,894.52
Balance
Total
339,894.52
357,257.17 S-1 Surplus for the Year
Current Year
$
339,894.52
S-2
Surplus from Previous Years
357,257.17
Total
339,894.52
Deficit
7,930,872.50
carried Balance Sheet
to
7,590.977.98
8,288,129.67
Total
7,930,872.50
Year
*A
Net Earnings.
CREDITS
s
C.
C.
*A
Transport of Government Passengers, Rent of
Railway Quarters
Profit on property retired
- Ś 44
Statement No. 5-
Interest on Depreciation Reserves
C.
C.
C.
Loss on
Working
$
Loss by armed robbery
C.
KA
Loss on property retired
1910
832,66
1911
24,845.14
1912
34,298.24
1913
87,824.74
1914 90,241.93
1915
46,503.11
1916
69,524.04
407.29
1917
90,814.98
814.58
1918
77,053.36 2,289.95
1919
73,060.63 1,561.77
1020
33,032.06 4,948.07
1921 75,989.71 ..8,107.10
1922
148,151.40
8,432.75
1923
9,554.63
1924
10,965.20
1925
8,987.44
48,791.35 87,628.27
99,323.18 1,703.61
1926
10,710.06
2,411.86
101,743.07
1927
11,483.65
5,196.88
2,344.56
1928 20,040.73 11,394.57
6,724.83
1929 138,767.19 10,299.30
8,080.68
9,549.36 32,204.23
1930 133,106.47 10,402.61
8,080.68
1931 150,094.76 10,752.79
9,106.20
1932 333,412.15 1933 711,052.42
7,156.15
9,446.24
1934 696,604.41
··121.63
2,756.86
10,649.49
10,054.30
1935 500,654.48
9,262.41
1936 454,733.00
9,720.32
1937
436,935.30
10,643.40
4,402,727.77
123,990.25 | 7,156.15
99,377.29 364,675.57 | 1,703.61 41,753.59
C.
Accumulated Deficits.
DEBITS
Interest on Wu Chang Loan, Crown Agents Advances and Special Expenditure on Capital Account
Depreciation on Rolling Stock not included in Operating Account
Special Expenditure chargeable to revenue, not included in Operating Account
Pensions not included in Operating Account.
- $ 45
Rent and other
allowances, Passages
and Stationery not
included in Operating Account
€
I
C.
15,148.15
389,733.23 15,268.15
验
C.
¿A
385,000.00 22,896.45
385,000.00 23,247.65
C.
C.
C.
C.
857.15
832.66
16,005.30
1,352.15
431,198.67
3,696.11
34,298.24 411,592.56 3,756.11 87,824.74 412,003.76
415,280.90 25,866.06
3,756.10 90,241.93 444,903.06
429,767.44 36.563.08
3,786.10
358,834.95 37,403.26 299,231.12 36,346.37 243,664.17 36,258.57 13,549.29 212,421.59 31,816.92 3,249.13 192,020.75 37,421.47 17,618.79
3,918.10
46,503.11 470,116.62 69,931.33 400,156.31
6,518,11
4,277.85
91,629.56 346,373.45
18,912.37
79,343.31 312,384.40
29,010.76
74,622.40 276,498.40
21,395.60
37,980.13
268,456.61
326,761.08 35,296.85 20,311.48
8,722.33
84,095.81
391,091.74
356,078.64 58,519.53 33,861.24
6,767.28
156,584.15
455,226.69
397,585.36 54,077.90 83,318.17
99.33
13,524.49
9,554.63
597,396.60
324,210.53 77,720.22 34,689.63
298.00
16,094.61
10,965.20
540,641.26
417,191.43 73,281.69
298.00
8,987.44
591,797.91
453,898.92
13,121.92 555,641.99
492,298.41
16,680.53 494,642.97
489,571.04
38,160.13 499,120.40
496,817.79
157,147.17 529,022.02
651,568.82
151,589.76 651,568.82
829,593.59
169,953.75 829,593.59
698,961.89
350,014.54 698,961.89
675,885.92
721,823.54 675,885.92
604,362.32
709,415.57 604,362.32
(A)104,705.85
509,916.89 104,705.85
107,196.15
464,453.32
107,196.15
107,684.18
10,845,326.07
617,132.32 213,115.84
695.33
447,578.70 107,684.18
139,827.11 4,633,251.46 12,224,229.44
Deduct total credits
Accumulated Deficits
4,633,251.46
.$7,590,977.98
(A) Wu Chang Loan redeemed in October, 1934.
Dr.
Balance at beginning of year.
$ c.
20,462,339.30
S 46
ASSETS OR DEBIT BALANCE.
Heads of Classifications.
B-6 Investment Assets :-
B-6-1 Cost of Road and Equipment B-6-2 Cost of Other Physical
Property
B-6-3 Cost of Non-Physical Assets
Statement No. 6-
Balance at close of Year.
Increase. Decrease.
$
C.
C.
C.
20,476,703.51
14,364.21
20,462,339.30
Total Investment Assets
20,476,703.51
14,364.21
B-7 Working Assets :-
43.63
B-7-1 Cash
104.94
61.31
B-7-2 Loans and Bills of Exchange B-7-3 Traffic Balances receivable
B-7-3-1 Government Railways
B-7-3-2 Private Companies
21,376.21
B-7-3-3 Home Line
112,593.27 91,217.06
B-7-4 Other Accounts receivable B 7-4-1 Other Railways
B-7-4-2 Sundry Debtors
B-7-4-3 Advance Account
123,141.37 320.57
B-7-5 Stores
118,507.99
4,633.38
B-7-5-1 Workshop Suspense
3,044.46
2,723.89
144,881.78
Total Working Assets
234,250.66
94,002.26
4,633.38
B-8 Deferred Debit Items :-
28,362.64
B-8-1 Temporary Advance to Govt. B-8-2 Payments made in advance
23,958.64
4,404.00
(a)
B-8-3 Unextinguished Discounts on
Funded Debt
B-8-4 Abandoned Property not
charged off
B-8-5 Special Funds
B-8-6 Miscellaneous Deferred Debits
28,362.64
Total Deferred Debits
23,958.64
4,404.00
7,930,872.50
B-9 Balance or Accumulated Deficit 7,590.977.98
339,894.52
28,566,456.22
Grand Total
28,325,890.79 108,366.47
348,931.90
(a) Head B-8-2 includes:-
6/8 cost of Re-railing Tunnel No. 2 1/3 cost of Creosoting Plant
$23,464.07
494.57
$23,958.64
General Balance Sheet.
S 47
“LIABILITIES OR CREDIT BALANCE.
Cr.
Balance at beginning of year.
Heads of Classifications.
Balance at close of Year.
Increase.
Decrease.
C.
B-1 Capital Liabilities:-
C.
C.
C.
B-1-1 Shares
B-1-2 Premium on Shares
B-1-3 Permanent Government In-
20,462,339.30
vestment
20,476,703,51 14,364.21
B-1-4 Mortgage Bonds
B-1-5 Other Secured Indebtedness
20,462,339.30
Total Capital Liabilities
20,476,703.51
14,364.21
B-2 Working Liabilities
30,054.84
B-2-1 Loans and Bills of Exchange B-2-2 Traffic Balance payable
71,157.42
41,102.58
B-2-2-1 Government Railways
B-2-4 Other Accounts Payable
B-2-2-2 Private Companies
B-2-3 Matured Liabilities Unpaid
B-2-4-1 Other Railways
B-2-4-2 Sundry Creditors
30,054.84
Total Working Liabilities...
B-3 Deferred Credit Items :-
71,157.42
41,102.58
7,033,633.42
B-3-1 Temporary Advances from
Government
.(b)
6,652,202.40
381,431.02
B-3-2 Operating Reserves
921,229.48
B-3-3 Depreciation Reserves
917,366.87
3,862.61
B-3-4 Widows' & Orphans' Pension
107,445.38
Fund B-3-5 Miscellaneous Deferred Credits
115,071.11
7,625.73
11,753.80
(c)
93,389.48 81,635.68
8,074,062.08
Total Deferred Credits
7,778,029.86 89,261.41 385,293.63
B-4 Appropriations from Surpluses :-
B-4-1- Additions to Property
through Surplus.
B-4-2 Funded Debt Retired through
Surplus
B-4-3 Fund Reserves
Total Appropriations from
Surplus
B-5 Balance, or Unappropriated
Surplus
28,566,456.22
Grand Total
(b) Treasury advances..
(c) The Head B-3-5 includes :- Deposits
A. J. C. TAYLOR.
Chief Accountant.
$ 28,325,890.79 144,728.20
385,293.63
Fines
Passage appropriation
$86,940.79 295.49 6,153.20
$93,389.48
S. 48
Statement No. 7-Passenger
A.-ANALYSIS OF LOCAL PASSENGER SERVICE.
PART I. R-1 PASSENGER SERVICE-PASSENGERS.
Previous
Year
CURRENT YEAR
Percentage of ..
Kinds of Tickets Used
Revenue
No. of Units
Carried
Passenger Revenne
Miles
Number Passenger carried Miles
Revenue
1
2
3
5
6
7
8
$ c. R-1-1 Ordinary:-
$
C.
38,112.89
First
7,624 122,410
8,238.64
.83
1.12
2.74
51,654.45
Second
33,587
445,120 17,073.39
3.65
4.06
5.68
256,145.21
Third
673,360 7,483,689 204,032.24
73.26
68.28.1
67.84
R 12 Government:-
10,120.70
R-1-2-1 Civil
30,882 452,412 11,491.80
3.36
4.13
3.82
6.441.50
R-1-2-2 Military
22,013
432,703 9,671.70|
2.40
3.95
3.22
2,603.85 R-1-4 Excursion
9,741
137,541 2,470.33
1.06
1.25
.82
3,913.85 R-1-5 Excess Fares
3,050.80
24,339.74
R-1-8 Season Tickets:-
R-1-8-1 Public
,,-་
1.01
68,150
888,373 14,257.50
7.42
8.11
4.74
4,722.95
R-1-8-2 Government..
45,060
519,309 12,816.15|
4.90
4.74
4.26
14,387.70 R-1-9 Golfers Tickets
15,747
300,656 14,309.10
1.71
2.74
4.76
R-1-10 Free Passes
12,967 178,185
1.41
1.62
412,442.84
Total Part I
919,131 10,960,398,297,411.65
100.00
100.00
98.89
PART II.
R-2 PASSENGER SERVICE-OTHER.
Previous
Year
CURRENT YEAR
Percentage of
Kinds of Tickets Used -
Revenue
No. of Units
Passenger Miles
Revenue
Number Passenger carried Miles
Revenue
Carried
2
3
5
6
7
8
C.
1
C.
R-2-2 Parcels:-
898.60
R-2-2-1 Public
1,047.15
.35
R-2-3 Carriages and
Animals:-
1,127.30
R-2-3-1 Public
1,487.20
.49
238.00
R-2-3-2 Government..
266.70
.09
R-2-4 Special Trains:-
260.00
R-2-4-1 Public
517.70
.17
R-2-7 Specie:-
R-2-7-1 Public
8.00 R-2-8 Miscellaneous
29.90
.01
2,531.90
Total Part II
3,348.65
1.11
414,974.74
Total Parts I & II 919,131 10,960,398 300,760.30 100.00
100.00
100.00
S 49 -
Traffic & Receipts.
B.
ANALYSIS OF THROUGH PASSENGER SERVICE.
PART I. R-1 PASSENGER SERVICE-PAssengers.
Previous
Year
CURRENT YEAR
Percentage of
Kinds of Tickets Used
Revenue
1
Number Originat- ing on Home Line
3
No. of
Units Carried
Passenger
· Miles
Num- Pas- Total
ber Revenue
senger
Re- Carried Miles venue
4
5
7
8
9
2
C.
R-1-1 Ordinary:—
41,936.66
93,331.76
First
Second
428,324.44
Third
782.22 R-1-3 Privilege
952.59] R-1-4 Excursion.
20,833 40,288 888,753 42,992.58 2.37 2.38 6.90 99,118 198,884 4,387,381 105,721.67 11.68 11.77 16.97 703,118 1,439,712 31,490,594 458,875.81 84.57 84.46 73.67
188 9,488 209,305 825.75 .56 .56 .13
2,445 3,049 67,260 973.43 .18 .18 .16
3,643.87 R-1-5 Excess. Fares
3,895.44
.63
R-1-10 Free Passes .....
568,971.54
Total Part I
2,005 10,966 241,909
827,707 1,702,387 37,285,202613,234.68 100.00 100.00 98.46
PART II. R-2 PASSENGER SERVICE-OTHER.
.64 .65
Previous
Year
CURRENT YEAR
Percentage of
Kinds of Tickets Used
Revenue
Number Originat- ing on Home Line
No. of
Units Carried
Passenger Miles
Revenue
Num. Pas- Total
ber
Re- senger Carried Miles venue
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
•
C.
R-2-1 Baggage:
15.72
R-2-1-1 Public
R-2-2 Parcels:-
2,906.45
R-2-2-1 Public
C.
17.02
4,112.60
.66
2,132.84
R-2-3 Carriages and
Animals:-
R-2-3-1 Public
3,460.30
.56
R-2-4 Special Trains:-
165.00
R-2-4-1 Public
945.83
.15
R-2-4-2 Government.
120.29
.02
297.61 R-2-5 Postal
322.41
.05
383
R-2-7 Specie:-
R-2-7-1 Public
321.38 R-2-8 Miscellaneous
600.95
.10
5,839.00
Total Part II
9,579.40
1.54
574,810.54
Total Parts I & II 827,707 (1,702,387 37,285,202 622,864.08 100.00 100.00 100.00
- $ 50
Statement No. 8-Goods
A. ANALYSIS OF LOCAL GOODS SERVICE.
PART I. R-3 GOODS SERVICE GOODS.
Previous
CURRENT YEAR
Percentage of
Year
KINDS OF GOODS
No. of
Revenue
Tons Carried
Revenue Ton Miles
Tons Carried
Revenue Ton Miles
1
3
5
6
7
8
C.
R-3-1 General
Merchandise:--
10.297.95
R-3-1-1 Public
14,979.99 13,536.59 | 241,858 79.04
76.45
1.81.01
2,887.22
R-3-1-2 Government.. 1,891.29 2,779.55
36,618
9.98
15.70
12.26
R-3-3 Service Stores:-
R-3-3-2 Material on
528.81
Revenue Account.. 2,080.47 | 1,280.45
20,082
10.98
7.23
6.73
13,713.98
Total Part I
18,951.75 17,596.59 298,558
100.00
99.38
100.00
PART II. R-4 GOODS SERVICE-OTHER.
84.00 R-4-1 Shunting
10.00
.06
15.00 R-4-2 Handling Receipts ...
30.00 R-4-3 Demurrage
100.00
.56
129.00
Total Part II
110.00
.62
13,842.98
Total Parts I & II 18,951.75 17,706.59 298,558 100.00 100.00
100.00
www
S 51
www
Traffic & Receipts.
B.-ANALYSIS OF THROUGH GOODS SERVICE.
PART I. R-3 GOODS SERVICE GOODS.
Previous Year
CURRENT YEAR
Percentage of
KINDS OF GOODS
No. of tons] originat-
No. of
Revenue
ing on Home Line
Tons Carried
Revenue Ton Miles
Tons Total Car- Re- ried venue
Ton Miles
1
$
C.
3
4
5
6
7
8
$
C.
R-3-1 General
Merchandise:-
43,165.45
R-3-1-1 Public
81,226.95 152,736.62 153,446.02 3,325,418 91.77 91.58 91.67
311.48
R-3-2 Material for Other
Railways
13,701.05 | 13,701.05 7,962.77 302,245 8.23
4.75
8.33
43,476.93
Total Part I
67161,4
94,928.00 166,437.67161,408.79 3,627,663 100.00 95.33 100.00
PART II. R-4 GOODS SERVICE-OTHER.
298.00 R-4-2 Handling Receipts ...
450.10
.27
920.00 R-4-3 Demurrage
2,266.36
1.35
R-4-4 Special Trains
3,431.20
2.05
1,218.00
Total Part II
6,147.66
3.67
44,694.93
Total Parts I & II 94,928.00 166,437.67167,556.45 3,627,663 100.00 100.00 100.00
$ 52
Statement No. 9-Miscellaneous Operating Revenue.
Percentage Previous Year
Current Year
Percentage
1
2
3
4
5
C.
$
C.
C.
€
7
C.
.02
1.28
22
3.74
252.30 R-7
15,988.12 R-8
Rents
46,611.79 R-9
Profits of Central Mechan-
ical Works
Incidental Revenue
.96
12,785.55 58,522.09 4.40
50,953.44 3.82
1,185.55
(1) Advertising
1,341.21
24,400.95
(2) Station and
Train
Privileges
23,393.62
13,741.39
(3) Sales of unclaimed and
confiscated goods
18,138.47
3.92
(4) Profit on stores tran-
saction
2.15
7,018.23 261.75
(5) Miscellaneous
7,809.09
Government (water
supplied)
268.90
10.64
132,482.78
R-10
Auxiliary Operation
(Foreign Haulage)
92,606.24
6.96
.15
1,810.98
R-11
Interchange of Rolling
Stock
7,713.99
.58
15.83
(A) 197,145.97
(B) 222,581.31
.6.72
(A) Home Line Foreign Government
$ 49,654.66 147,229.56 261.75
(B) Home Line
Foreign Government
.$102,159.13
111,554.54
8,867.64
$197,145.97
$222,581.31
Statement No. 10-Assignments of Operating Expenses.
Cost per mile operated
Previous
Main Heads.
Year.
Total amount for the year.
1
3
4
c.
C.
C.
Cost per train
mile.
5
$
c.
2
MAIN LINE.
158,198.26 General Expenses
176,374.36
7,995.21
1.00
100,076.58 Traffic Expenses
102,403.57
4,642.05
.58
199,366.03 Running Expenses
224,472.93
10,175.56
.75 +
219,324.29 Maintenance of Equipment
201,691.78
9,142.87
.67 +
113,771.00 | Maintenance of Way & Structures
189,590.79
8,594.32
1.07
790,736.16
894,533.43
40,550.01
4.07
+ Based on train mileage hauled by British Section locomotives,
S 53
Statement No. 11-Unallocated Stores Account.
To Stock in hand on 1st January,
1937
73
Goods received fron Crown
Agents during 1937
Goods purchased locally
Amount
Amount
ន
C.
$
C.
By Goods issued to Works
353,499.33
123,141.37
sold
>>
"
99,492.98
79,769.68
368,589.25
Balance of Stock on 31st December, 1937 carried to
1938
118,507.99
571,500.30
571,500.30
Statement No. 12-Analysis of Traffic Revenue.
A.-LOCAL TRAFFIC.
PREVIOUS YEAR
CURRENT
YEAR
Classification
(A) Terminal
Sectional
Total
(A) Terminal
Sectional
Total
$
C.
207,264.05
$ C.
205,178.79
c. Passenger Service
412,442.84
89.35
2,442.55
2,531.90
2,916.60
10,797.38
13,713.98
49.00
80.00
R-1 Passengers
R-2 Other
Goods Service
R-3 Goods
129.00 R-4 Other
$ C.
71,261.10
$ C.
226,150.55
$ C.
297,411.65
110.75
3,237.90
3,348.65
4,741.35
12,855.24
17,596.59
110.00
110.00
$210,319.00 $218,498.72
$428,817.72 Total Service
$76,113.20 $242,353.69 $318,466.89
(A) Between Kowloon or Yaumati and Shum Chun.
B. THROUGH TRAFFIC.
PREVIOUS YEAR
Terminal
Sectional
Total
$ C.
425,850.31
3,680.06
$ C.
143,121.23
2,158.94
$ c. Passenger Service
568,971.54 | R-1 Passengers
CURRENT
1EAF
Classification
Terminal
Sectional
Total
$ C.
5,839.00
27,167.67
1,218.00
16,309.26
R-2 Other
Goods Service
43,476.93 R-3 Goods
1,218.00 R-4 Other
$ C.
$ C.
437,973.28 175,311.40 613,284.68
5,186.02
4,393.38 9,579.40
$457,916.04 $161,589.43 $619,505.47 Total Service
90,854.62
4,460.80 1,686.86 6,147.66
$538,474.72
70,554.17 161,408.79
$251,945.81 $790,420.53
S 54
Statement No. 13-Analysis of Expenditure
Percentage.
Previous Year.
E-1 GENERAL EXPENSES.
Salaries.
Allow- Office Current ances. Expenses. Year.
Percen- tage on Operating Revenue.
C.
$ C. $ c.
C.
C.
Part I
Administration...
E-1-2 Direction
.03
377.56
4 Furniture
199.10
199.10
.02
2.18
27,097.99
3.10
38,639.11
1.03
12,827.95
E-1-3 General Manager... 29,699.11 954.64 148.24 E-1-4 Audit & Accounts 48,980.74 2,908.27 E-1-5 Stores
30,801.99
2.31
592.94 52,481.95
3.94
14,410.25 398.17 433.84
15,242.26
1.14
E-1-6 Head Office Ex-
.22
2,770.02
penses
219.24
1,932.66
2,151.90
.16
E-1-7 Miscellaneous :
.01
.02
.02
2288
.23
2,879.00
2 Advertising
2,354.99
2,354.99
.18
81.33
3 Stores Depreciation
45.16
45.16
209.54
4 Carriage of Stores (Transport)
248.34
248.34
259.02
6 Sundries
348.28
348.28
.03
ខន
.02
6.84 85,141.52
TOTAL PART I
103,873.97
7.80
Percentage.
Previous Year.
E-1 GENERAL EXPENSES.
Current Year.
l'ercen- tage on Operating Revenue.
C.
Part 11-Special.
C.
C.
.07.
866.95 E-1- 9 Medical
578.00
.05
1 Salaries and Allowances
518.00
2 Medicines and Hospitals
3 Sanitation
60.00
.35
4,400.00 E-1-13 Rents
4,439.00
4,439.00
.34
E-1-14 Compensation
E-1-15 Provident Contributions
5.02
62,512.50
1 Pensions and Gratuities
.42
5,277.29 E-1-16 Miscellaneous
5.86 73,056.74
12.70 158,198.26
GRAND TOTAL
62,772.64
4.71
4,710.75
.35
TOTAL PART II
72,500.39
5.45
176,374.36
13.25
-
$ 55 -
Statement No. 13 (continued)-Analysis of Expenditure
Percentage.
1 Salaries
823.63
2 Allowances
280.76
3 Office Expenses
Previous Year.
E-2 TRAFFIC EXPENSES.
Current Year.
Percen- tage on Operating Revenue.
c.
C.
C. $ C.
2.26 28,131.60
27,027:21
E-2-1 Superintendence
31,857.05
2.39
30,477.68
784.35
595.02
4.16 51,810.41
E-2-2 Station Staff
52,680.29
3.95
35.477.70
1 Pay of Station Masters
and Clerks
36,417.63
2 Allowances
of Station
3,630.45
Masters and Clerks
3,558.47
12,702.26
3 Labour
12,704.19
.26 3,226.58
E-2-3 Clothing
2,178.41
.16
.41 5,158.89
E-2-4 Station Supplies and Furniture
4,845.99
.37
4,968.86
1 Supplies
4,694.07
190.03
2 Furniture
151.92
.48 5,934.13
.47 5,814.97
E-2-8 Miscellaneous
2,004.16
3 Watchmen
3,810.81
4 Sundries
E-2-5 Printing, Stationery & Tickets
4,979.36
.38
5,862.47
.44
1,658.45
4,204.02
8.04 100,076.58
GRAND TOTAL
102,403.57
7.69
Percentage.
$ 56
Statement No. 13 (continued)-Analysis of Expenditure
Previous Year.
E-3 RUNNING EXPENSES.
Current Year.
Percen- tage on Operating Revenue.
$ C.
C.
C.
C.
E-3-1 Locomotive
2.63 32,705.88
1 Engine Staff
30,388.93
2.28
20,524.54
1 Pay of Drivers & Firemen 19,183.71 2 Overtime of Drivers and
7,933.26 3,794.11 453.97
Firemen
6,030.64
3 Labour
4,194.68
4 Sundries
979.90
9.66 120,293.08
.82 10,191.28 .39 4,888.21
13.50 168,078.45
.06
.69 8,654.14 738.82
118,086.55 2,206.53
E-3-2 Carriage & Wagon
1 Labour
2 Fuel
144,556.05
10.86
1 Coal (11,491.90 tons)
143,027.19
3 Labour
1,528.86
4 Lubricants
10,574.62
.79
5 Other Stores
4,995.18
.38
Total Locomotive
190,514.78
14.31
2 Lubricants
.32 3,949.02
1.07 13,341.98
3 Other Stores
Total Carriage & Wagon..
.20 2,431.24
E-3-3 Motor Vehicles
1,033.52 1,397.72
1 Labour
2 Fuel
3 Other Stores
.20 2,431.24
Total Motor Vehicle
8,850.92
.67
881.20
.07
6,715.26
.50
16,447,38
1.24
2,699.31
.20
1,550.33 1,148.98
2,699.31
.20
E-3-4 Traffic
1.24 15,514.36
1 Train Staff
14,811.46
1.11
12,459.09
1 Pay of Conductors and
Guards
12,874.64
133.20
2 Overtime of Conductors &
Guards
510.67
3 Pay of Brakesmen and
2,922.07
Car-boys
895.25
4 Sundries
530.90
1.24 15,514.36
Total Traffic
14,811.46 1.11
16.01 199,366.03
GRAND TOTAL
224,472.93
16.86
Percentage.
- S 57
-
Statement No. 13 (continued)-Analysis of Expenditure
Previous Year..
E-4 MAINTENANCE. OF EQUIPMENT.
Current Year.
Percen- tage on Operating Revenue.
C. $. C.
c.
C.
Part I, Locomotive Department
1.87 23,288.97
E-4- 1 Superintendence
25,391.75
1.91
21,806.75 664.95 817.27
1 Salaries
23,999.49
2 Allowances
608.75
3 Office Expenses
783.51
7.41 92,236.92
E-4- 2 Locomotives
74,225.01
5.58
1 Repairs
46,605,94
1 Labour
40,237.86
26,857.00
2 Materials
23,252.21
3,300.00
3.Miscellaneous
3,300.00
15,473.98
2 Depreciation
7,434.94
5.67 70,621.88
E-4- 3 Carriages
69,089.02
5.19
1 Repairs
15,589.70
1 Labour
13,409.96
21,655.26
2 Materials
23,421.75
1,650.00
3 Miscellaneous
1,650.00
31,726.92
2 Depreciation
30,607.31
1.80 22,438.07
E-4- 4 Goods Wagons
19,567.09
1.47
1 Repairs
5,459.81
1 Labour
4,104.97
7,123.34
2 Materials
7,107.83
1,650.00
3 Miscellaneous
1,650.00
8,204.92
2 Depreciation
6,704.29
.18 2,213.67
E-4- 5 Motor Vehicles
2,256.06
.17
191.00
1 Repairs
1 Labour
216.50
140.96
2 Materials
164.43
50.15
3 Miscellaneous
43.57
1,831.56
2 Depreciation
1,831.56
.29 3,660.94
E-4- 7 Service Equipment
3,131.40
.23
1 Repairs
2,148.15 $292.83
1 Labour
2,142.22
2 Materials
175.8€
3 Miscellaneous
1,219.96
2 Depreciation
813.30
.37 4,575.84
E-4- 8 Plant and Tools
4,406.55
.33
3,184.48
1 Plant
3,007.61
1,391.36
2 Tools
1,398.94
.02 288.00
E-4-11 Miscellaneous
3,624.90
.27
1 Loss on Stores
2 Carriage of Stores
288.00
3 Watchmen
1,624.90
4 Passages
2,000.00
E-4-12 Engine Power
17.61 219,324.29
GRAND TOTAL
201,691.78
15.15
Percentage.
$ 58-
Statement No. 13 (continued)-Analysis of Expenditure
Previous Year
E-5 MAINTENANCE OF WAY & STRUCTURES.
Current Year.
Percen- tage on Operating Revenue.
C.
C.
C.
C.
Part I Engineering Dept.
2.18 27,178.06
E-5- 1 Superintendence
23,285.15
1.75
23,610.61 2,626.59
1 Salaries
940.86
.07
27 3,402.41 924.24
2 Allowances
3 Office Expenses
E-5- 2 Formation & Line Protection..
21,014.33 1,614.44 656.38
E-5- 3 Tunnels
3,840.57 242.40
.26 3,198.25
E-5- 4 Bridgework
2,093.48
4.10 51,093.14
E-5- 5
Track
56,770.36
.16 4.26
222
.29
.02
24,670.16
1 Labour
25,298.11
18,872.07
2 Sleepers
22,984.10
5,554.05
3 Rails and Fastenings
6,293,36
1,996.86
4 Ballast
2,194.79
2853
.29 3,556.51
E-5- 6
Signals and Switches
3,548.28
.58 7,214.24
E-5- 7
Stations and Buildings
7,184.28
275
.27
.54
4,219.03 2,995.21
2 Stations & Buildings
4,192.03
3 Staff Quarters
2,992.25
4 Station Appurtenances
.10
1,189.19
.14
1,742.59
E-5-8 Central Mechanical Works E-5-9 Plant and Tools
1,197.91
2,084.50
899
.09
.16
728.03
1,014.56
1 Plant
2 Tools
749.36
1,335.14
.38
4,796.22
.16
1,989.83
E-5-10 Extraordinary Expenses E-5-11 New Minor Works
80,883.12
6.07
.27 3,303.50
E-5-12 Miscellaneous
1,999.51 1,551.56
.15
.11
2 Carriage of Stores
1,164.37
3 Watchmen
1,228.60
4 Plantations
2,139.13
6 Sundries
322.96
8.80 109,588.18
Total Part I
184,681.12
13.87
Part II Other Department.
..33
4,182.82
E-5-14 Telegraphs
1,639.56
1 Salaries
2,543.26
2 Maintenance
.33 4,182.82
9.13 113,771.00
E-5-15 Docks, Harbours and Wharves
2 Maintenance
4,909.67
.37
1,839.96 3,069.71
Total Part II
4,909.67
.37
GRAND TOTAL
189,590.79
14.24
:
$ 59.
PART II.-STATISTICAL TABLES.
Table A.-Analysis of Operated Mileage.
Second
Main
Particulars
Track Sidings
Total
Line
Loops
Lines owned:
Miles
Miles
Miles
Miles
Kowloon to Lowu (Gauge 4'8").
21.76
2.11
10.82
34.69
Lines operated:-
Lowu to Shum Chun
.30
.08
.38
Total
22.06
2.19
10.82
35.07
Table B.-Permanent Way Renewals.
Previous Year
Particulars
Current Year
1. Sleepers.
4,114
Wood
5,196 pieces
Concrete (new)
Concrete (2nd hand)
579
4,114
Total
5,775
""
6.29
Percentage renewal
8.83%
2. Ballast.
1,036
21" Granite
3. Rails.
450
85 lb. B.S.S. 36 ft.,
new
85 lb. B.S.S. 36 ft.,
old
1,180 cubic yards
3 lengths
•
1
Class
Wheel Distribution
Diameter of
Cylinder
Stroke
ลง
2
4
$ 60
Table C.-Classification of
Diameter of Driving Wheel
10
5
Tank or Tender
A
2-6-4 19"
26"
614"
Side tank
89.75
B
4-6-4 22"
28"
611"
106.00
3)
""
Total
Hall Scott Motor
Coaches.
4' 8" Gauge In-
ternal Combustion Engine
8′′
10"
39.80
PETROL
STEAM
Gross Weight of Engine and Tender in tons
7
Rolling Stock-Motive Power.
LOCOMOTIVES.
Total stock at the beginning of
the year
Additions during
the year
Reductions during
the year
Total stock at the end of the year
Average age of
4
class
S 61
Weight on Driving
Wheels.
Tractive
Each engine
Maximum. axle load
effort @ 85% Boiler Pressure
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
12
12
RAILCARS
Years
Tons
Tons
lbs.
8
Co
23.67
51.00
17.00
23,350
4
12.25
60.00
20.00
33,720
2
150 Horse Power
30 Passengers each
Classification
1
- S 62
Table D.-Classification of
Average tare of each class
Seating
capacity
(Passengers)
3
Coaching Vehicles 4′ 8′′ Gauge.
Tons.
Cwt.
Reserved Saloon Coach
25
18
25
First class Dining Car
38
10
40
First class Buffet Car
41
10
5
54
First class Air-Conditioned Lounge Car
40
4
31
First class Carriage
40
15
5-1
Second class Carriage
35
0
64
First and Second class Composite Carriage
36
10
56
Second and Third class Composite Carriage
38
0
91
Third class Carriage
34
0
120
Third class Luggage and Brake
34
3
84
Third class Brake
34
0
100
Third class and Kitchen Car
34
10
96
Total
* Converted into First class Air-Conditioned Lounge Car.
Converted into Second and Third class Composite Carriage.
Rolling Stock-Carriages.
- S 63
Total stock
at the beginning of
the year
Additions during the year
Reductions
Total stock at
during the year
the end of the year
4
6
7
Total seating
capacity (Passengers)
1
1
25
2
1
N
80
1
54
1
1
31
6
* 1
5
270
00
† 1
7
448
N
N
112
1
1
91
16
16
1,920
10
5
C
420
200
1
1
96
44
2
2
44
3,747
Classification
- S 64
Table E.-Classification of
Length of
Wagon
Overall
ล
Average Tare
of each
Class
Goods Vehicles 4' 8" Gauge.
Tons.
Cwt.
30-ton Covered Goods
35' 0"
15
10
30-ton Rail Bogie
35' 0"
13
め
30-ton Open Goods
35′ 0′′
14
8
30-ton Cattle Truck
35' 0"
15
10
5
30-ton Fish Truck
35' 0"
15
10
5
15-ton Covered Goods
19' 0"
8
10
15-ton Cattle Truck
19′ 0′′
8
10
15-ton Open Goods
19′0′′
7
16
15-ton Goods Brake Van
19' 0"
15
10
Total
Classification
Table F.-Classification of
Average tare of each class
65-ton Breakdown Crane
30-ton Water Tank Wagon
Breakdown Van
14 H.P. Motor Trolley
* Converted into a Fish Truck.
87 tons
15 tons 5 cwt.
15 tons 5 cwt.
2 tons 1 cwt.
Rolling Stock-Goods Wagons.
$ 65
4
10
5
6
7
8
9
30
32
*1
31
930
30
10
30
26
30
4
A 2 2
10
300
26
780
120
30
2
1
3
90
15
22
22
830
15
3
3
45
15
9
9
135
15
2
2
30
110
1
1
110
2,760
Rolling Stock-Service Equipment.
Total stock at
the beginning
of the year
Additions during the year
Reductions
Total stock at the
during the
year
3
4
5
end of the year
6
1
4
2
1
1
4
2
1
S 66 -
Table G.-Analysis of Steam Train Mileage. Hauled by British Section Locomotives,
Previous Year
Classification
Mileage
Locomotive Hours
Miles
per
Hour
Train Miles & Hours.
Local Traffic:-
Current Year
Miles
Locomotive
Mileage
Hours
per
Hour
Passenger
30,710
1,290
23.81
Ordinary
24,177
1,126
21.47
188
8
23.50
Special
624
28
22.29
68,319
3,151
21.68
Mixed
63,419
3,139
20.20
99,217
4,449
22.30
Total
88,220
4,293
20.55
Goods
3,500
152
23.03
Ordinary
1,034
75
13.79
26
2
13.00
Special
992
55
18.04
18,439
857
21.52
Mixed
17,948
899
19.96
21,965
1,011
21.73
Total
19,974
1,029
19.41
1,144
181
6.32
Service
3,070
472
6.50
Through Traffic:—
Passenger
34,923
976
35.78
Ordinary
15,730
456
34.50
553
17
32.53
Special
4,138
129
32.03
10,131
497
20.38
Mixed
9,546
511
18.68
45,607
1,490 30.54
Total
29,414
1,096
26.84
Goods
851
37
23.00.
Ordinary
1,511
91
16.60
42
2
21.00
Special
6,623
364
18.20
24,367
1,185
20.56
Mixed
24,997
1,343
18.61
25 260
1,224
20.64
Total
33,131
1,798
18.43
10
10.00
Service
53
4
13.25
Foreign Train Mileage:-
105,741
3,034
34.85
35,730
1,755
20.35
Passenger Goods
76,493
2,314
33.05
45,332
2,219
20.42
141,471
4,789 29.54
Total
121,825
4,533
26.88
Total Train Mileage
334,674
13,145 ..25.46
& Hours
295,687
13,225
22.36
Assisting:-
11,676
1,941
6.01
Passenger
10,460
1,678
6.23
1,583
263
6.01
Goods
2,088
348
6.00
13,259
2,204
6.01
Total
12,548
2,026
6.19
1,872
60
31.20
Light
3,394
113
30.03
40,260
6,710
6.00
Shunting
.45,714
7,619
6.00
115,026
19,171
6.00
Standing in steam
99,156
16,526
6.00
505,091
41.290
12.23
Grand Total
456,499
39,509
11.55
S 67
Table H.-Analysis of Steam Train Mileage. Hauled by Chinese Section Locomotives.
Previous Year
Classification.
Miles
Mileage
Locomotive
per
Hours
Hour
Current Year
Miles
Mileage
Locomotive
per
Hours
Hour
Train Miles & Hours.
Local Traffic:-
Passenger
1. 영
1.35
37.18
+ Ordinary
121
3.97
30.48
Special
42
2.85
14.74
Total
163
6.82
23.90
50
1.35
37.18
Goods
Ordinary
Special
26
1.49
17.45
Total
26
$1.49
17.45
Service
7
.26
26.92
Through Traffic:-
Passenger
14,796
397.95
37.18
Ordinary
28,943
836.26
34.61
Special
929
30.39
30.57
20
.54
37.18
Mixed
100
3.21
31.15
14,816
398.49
37.18
Total
29,972
869.86
34.46
Goods
Ordinary
1
Special
762
42.12
18.09
2
.05
37.18
Mixed
10
.30
33.33
2
.05
37.18
Total
772
42.42
18.20
14,868
399.89
37.18
Grand Total
30,940
920.85
33.60
+ Slip Coach
Previous Year
$ 68
Table I.-Analysis of Rail Car Mileage.
Classification.
Current Year
Mileage
Mileage
Local Traffic;-
Passenger
2,691
Ordinary
2,934
2,701
Special
118
Service
132
43
5,510
Total
3,109
Through Traffic:
Passenger
Ordinary
22
Special
Total
22
89
Foreign Train Mileage
5,621
Total Train Mileage
440
Light
6,061
Total Engine Mileage
Table J.-Analysis of Carriage and Wagon Mileage.
Previous Year
Classification.
221
221
887
4,217
395
4,812
Current Year
1,309,827
Carriage mileage
577,015
Wagon mileage
1,397,886
707,374
1,886,842
Total Vehicle mileage
2,105,260
$ 69
Table K.-Timekeeping of Booked Trains.
Previous Year
Classification of Trains
No. of Average Percent- Trains Minutes
Run late
age on time
Current Year
No. of Average Percent- Trains
Run
Minutes
age on
late
time
1,565
2.65
67.80
Through Expresses
1,581
12.17
49.91
732
2.43
68.17
Through Fast
654
10.61
59.48
732
6.59
38.39
Through Mixed
1,024
21.69
55.57
731
10.46
41.45
Through Slow
694
48.12
28.67
6,108
1.86
60.66
Local
5,150
3.56
51.26
9,868
3.01
59.27
All Services
9,103
11.00
50.37
31
}
$ 70
Table L.-Statistics of
A.-LOCAL
Ordinary
ITEM S
Total
1st
2nd
3rd
Ordinary
2
3
4
5
1. Number carried
7,624
33,587
673,360
2. Passenger miles
122,410
445,120
7,483,689)
714,571 8,051,219
*
3. Passenger miles per mile of line
5,549
20,178
339,242
364,959
4. Average journey per passenger in miles * 5. Average number of passengers per
mile of line
16.06
13.25
11.11
11.27
346
1,522
30,524
32,392
† 6. Average number of passenger miles
per train mile
1.34
4.87
81.83
88.04
7. Revenue
8,238.64
17,073.39
207,083.04
232,395.07
3. Average reventie per passenger
1.08
.51
31
.33
* 9. Revenue per mile of line
373.47
773.95
9,387.26
10,534.68
10. Revenue per passenger-mile
.067
.038
+11. Average revenue per passenger train mile
.090
.187
.028 2.264
.029
2.541
* Miles of line-22.06.
B.-THROUGH
Ordinary
ITEMS.
1st
2nd
3rd
Total Ordinary
1
2
3
5
1. Number originating on Home Line :-
Terminal
Sectional
Total
2. Number carried :—
Terminal
Sectional
20,594
96,987
547,707
665,288
239
2,131
155,411
157,781
20,833
99,118
703,118
823,069
39,881
194,991
1.113,292
1,348,164
407
3,893
326,420
330,720
3. Passenger miles
Total
4. Passenger miles per mile of line
* 5. Average number of passengers per
mile of line
40,288 198,884
1,439,712
1,678,884
888,753 4,387,381
31,490,594
36,766,728
40,288 198,884 1,427,497
1,666,669
6. Average number of passenger miles
per train mile
1,826
9,016
65,263
76,105
14.91
73.61
528.30
616.82
7. Revenue :-
Terminal Sectional
42,225.97 101,854.15
292,184.17
436,264.29
766.61 3,867.52
170,587.08
175,221.21
Total
8. Average revenue per passenger
*9. Revenue per mile of line
10. Revenue per passenger mile
t11. Average revenue per passenger train mile
* Miles of line-22.06
S
42,992.58 105,721.67|
462,771.25
611,485.50
1.07 1,948.89 4,792.46
.53
* P
.048
.721
.024 1.774
.32 20,977.85 .015 7.764
.36
27,719.20
.017
10.259
Passenger Traffic.
SERVICE.
- S 71
Government
Season
Free
Total for
Golfers Excursion
Passes
Total for Current Year Frevious Year
Civil Military
Public
Govern-
ment
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
30,882
22,013
15,747
9,741
68,150
45,060
12,967
919,131
452,412
432,703
300,656
137,541
888,373
519.309
178,185
10,960,398
1,086,325 14,102,047
20,508
19,615
13,629
6,235
40.271
23,541
8,077
496,845
639,259
14.65
19.66
19.09
14.12
13.04
11.52
13.74
11.92
12.93
1,400
998
714
441
3,089
2,043
588
41,665
49,244
4.95
4.73
3.29
1.50
9.71
5.68
1.95
119.85
134.74
11,491.80
9,671.70 14,309.10
2,470.33 14,257.50 12,816.15
297,411.65
412,442.84
.37
.44
.91
.25
.21
.28
.32
.33
520.93
438.43 648.64
111.98
646.31
580.97
13,481.94
18,696.41
.025
.022
.048
.018
.016
.025
.027
.029
.126
.106
.156
.027
.156
.140
3.252
3.941
+ Passenger train miles-91,449
SERVICE.
Government
Season
Privilege Excursion.
Free Passes
Civil Military
Public
Govern-
ment
Total for Current Year
Total for
Previous
Year
6
7
8
9.
10
11
12
13
14
170
2,376'
1,711
669,545
690,981
18
69
294
158,162
150,335
188
2,445
2,005
827,707
841,316
9,222
2,980
10,672
1,371,038
1,438,490
266
69
294
331,349
302,052
9,488
3,049
10,966
1,702,387 1,740,542
209,305
67,260
241,909
37,285,202
38,104,412
9,488
3,049
10,966
1,690,172
1,727,308
430
138
497
77,170
78,900
3.51
1.13
4.06
625.52
630.40
757.53
951.46
68.22
21.97
437,973.23 175,311.40
425.850.31 143.121 23
825.75
973.43
613,284.68
568,971.54
.09
.32
37.43
44.13
.004
.014
.014
.016
.36 27,800.76
.016! 10.289
.33
25,792.00
.015 9.413
† Passenger train miles-59,607
ITEMS
1
1. Tons carried
2. Ton miles
* 3. Ton miles per mile of line
$ 72
Table M.-Statistics
A.-LOCAL
General Merchandise
2
14,979.99
241,858 10,964 16.15
4. Average haul per ton (in miles)
* 5. Average number of tons per mile of line
679.06
6. Average number of ton miles per train mile
7. Revenue
8. Average revenue per ton
* 9. Revenue per mile of line
10. Revenue per ton mile...
12.09
13,536.59
.90
613.63
.056
11. Average revenue per goods train mile
.677
Miles of line-22.06
B.-THROUGII
ITEMS
1
1. Tons originating on Home Line:
Terminal
Sectional
Total
2. Tons carried:
Terminal Sectional
Total
3. Ton miles:
Terminal
Sectional
Total
* 4. Ton miles per mile of line
5. Average haul per ton (in miles)
* 6. Average number of tons per mile of line
7. Average number of ton miles per train mile 8. Revenue: -
Terminal
Sectional
Total
9. Average revenue per ton
*10. Revenue per mile of line
11. Revenue per ton mile
12. Average revenue per goods train mile.
* Miles of line--22.06
General Merchandise
2
58,777.77
22,449.18
81,226.95
116,543.33
36,193.29
152,736.62
2,570,946
754,472 3,325,418
150,744
21.77
6,923.69
98.09
89,079.71
64,366.31
153,446.02
1.00
6,955.85
.046
4.526
of Goods Traffic
S 73-
SERVICE.
Material for
Service
Government
Other
Total for
Railways
Stores
Current Year
Total for Previous Year
3
4
5
6
7
1,891.29
2,080.47
18,951.75
17,989.60
36,618
1,660
19.36
85.73
1.83
20,082
298,558
910
13,534
259,448 11,761
9.65
15.75
14.42
94.31
859.10
815.49
1.01
14.93
11.81
2,779.55
1.47
126.00
1,280.45
17,596.59
13,713.98
.62
.93
.76
58.04
797.67
621.67
.064
.059
.053
.064
.880
.624
.076
.139
† Goods train miles-20,000
SERVICE.
Government
Material for Other
Service Stores
Total for Current Year
Total for Previous Year
Railways
3
4
6
7
4,001.05
62,778.82
21,239.11
9,700.00
32,149.18
8,543.10
13,701.05
94,928.00
29,782.21
4,001.05
120,544.38
42,751.81
9,700.00
45,893.29
17,980,56
13,701.05
166,437.67
60,731.87
88,263
2,659,209
943,093
213,982
968,454
352,561
302,245
3,627,663
1,295,654
13,701
164,445
58,733
22.06 621.08
21.80
21.33
7,544.77
2,753:03
8.91
107.00
51.29
1,774.91
90,854.62
27,167.67
6,187.86
70,554.17
16,309.26
7,962.77
161,408.79
43,476.93
.58
.97
.72
360.96
7,316.81
1,970.85
.026
.235
.044
.034
4.761
1.721
+ Goods train miles-33,903
Previous
S 74
Table N.-Passenger Train Statistics.
A.-LOCAL SERVICE,
Year
PARTICULARS
Total
1
2
Current Year
1st Class 2nd Class 3rd Class Total.
3
4
5
6
44,917 1. Scat miles (in 000s)
5,842
7,797 25,624 39,263
2,036,128
2. Average seat mileage per mile of line *.
264,823
353,445 1,161,559 1,779,827
429 3. Average seat mileage per train mile
64
85
280
429
0.92
4. Average revenue per seat mile
cents
0.46
0.35
0.95
0.76
0.3140 5. Average passenger miles per seat mile
0.0908
0.1090
0.3739
0.2792
B. THROUGH SERVICE.
53,730 1. Scat miles (in 000s)
3,429 7,166 44,148 54,743
2,435,630
2. Average seat mileage per mile of line
155,440
324,841 2,001,269 2,481,550
889 3. Average seat mileage per train mile
57
120
741
918
1.06
4. Average revenue per seat mile
cents
1.27
1.48
1.05
1.12
0.7092 5. Average passenger miles per seat mile
0.2712
0.6306
0.7211
0.6811
* Miles of line 22.06.
$ 75
Table O.-Goods Train Statistics.
A.-LOCAL SERVICE.
Previous
Year
PARTICULARS
Current Year
1. Wagon ton mileage (in 000s.)
(a) Loaded:-
622
Up
587
552
Down
322
(b) Empty:-
294
Up
382
372
Down
702
1,840
(c) Total
1,993
36.20 2. Percentage of empty to total wagon ton mileage
83,409 84
1,820
0.0088
.22
3. Average wagon ton mileage per mile of line* 4. Average wagon ton miles per train mile
5. Average wagon ton mileage per locomotive hour... 6. Average revenue per loaded wagon ton mile
(ordinary)
7. Average ton miles per loaded wagon ton mile
1,934
0.0149
.33
54.39
90.345
100
B.-THROUGH SERVICE.
Previous Year
PARTICULARS
Current Year
1. Wagon ton mileage (in 000s.)
(a) Loaded:-
1,297
Up
1,874
1,188
Down
1,463
(b) Empty:-
220
Up
318
313
Down
731
3,018
(c) Total
4,386
17.66 136,809 119 2,466
2. Percentage of empty to total wagon ton mileage 3. Average wagon ton mileage per mile of line * 4. Average wagon ton miles per train mile 5. Average wagon ton mileage per locomotive hour.... 6. Average revenue per loaded wagon ton mile
23.92
198,821
129 2,383
0.0174
(ordinary)
$
0.0460
.52
7. Average ton miles per loaded wagon ton mile
1.09
* Miles of line-22.06.
$ 76
1
Table P.-Consumption
Service
Year
Train miles
hours
Engine Gross trailing
ton miles
1936
54,952
1,466
25,123,456
Through Express
1937
3,077
89
1,426,154
1936
77,063
2,321
28,181,264
Through Fast
1937
92,821
2,815
37,634,649
Expresses & Fast Trains
1936
9,486
255
4,118,283
hauled over British Sec-
tion by shuttle engine
1937
1936 ·
51,900
2,481
11,275,491
Through Mixed
1937
62,008 2,993
17,403,994
Local
1936
141,273 6,622
28,945,384
1937
137,781
7,328
31,401,316
1936
Shunting & Light
1937
6,710
7,619
1936
334.674
19,855
97,643,878
Total
1937
295,687
20,844 87,866,113
of Coal on Locomotives.
COAL CONSUMED
$ 77
Pounds per
Class of Engine
Tons
1,000 gross Train
frailing Ion miles
Engine
mile
hour
1,191.50
106.24
48.56
1,820
132.75
208.53
96.63
3,341
B
2,838.00
225.58
82.49
2,788
A & B
3,482.25 207.26
84.03
2,770
457.00
248.59
107.91
4,014
B
1,921.75
381.79
82.94
1,735
A & B
2,452.75 315.55
88.60
1,835
4,993.97
386.47
79.18
1,689
A & B
4,390.30 313.18
71.37
1,342
880.69
1,033.85
294
A
303
12,282.91 281.78
82.21
1,385
11,491.90 292.97
87.05
1,234
$ 78
Table Q.-Miscellaneous Running Costs and Performances.
Previous Year
Current Year
$5,904.84
$ 845.54
$ 129.39
$ 9.70
4 Average cost per ton of coal
1 Average cost of repairs per locomotive per
annum
2 Average cost of repairs per passenger car
per annum
3 Average cost of repairs per goods wagon
per annum
$5,565.83
$ 874.58
$ 116.93
12.44
$
5 Average cost of locomotive repairs:-
$
海泥的
$
0.151
0.229
1.06.
(a) por engine mile
$
0.134
(b) per train mile
$
0,225
6 Average cost of lubricants per gallon
$
1.28
7 Average cost of lubricants for locomotive:-
€9
0.02017
(a) per engine mile
$
€A
0.02129
號
0.03045
(b) per train mile
$
0.03576
$
0.391
8 Average cost of lubricants for coaching and
goods vehicles per 1,000 vehicle miles...$
0.418
$
0.248
9 Average cost of oil fuel per railcar train
mile
$
0.272
27.24
10 Average steam train miles per ton of coal... 11 Lubricating oil consumed by steam
25.73
locomotives:
15.1. pints
(a) per 100 engine miles
0.228
''
6.18
(b) per train mile
12 Lubricating oil consumed by coaching and goods vehicles per 1,000 vehicle miles....
0.351 gals. 13 Petrol consumed per railcar train mile
14 Lubricating oil consumed per railcar train
mile
0.248 pints
13.29 pints
0.223
5.44
0.359 gals.
0.244 pints