Administrative Reports - 1936

ADMINISTRATIVE REPORTS FOR THE YEAR 1936

Table of Contents

1 Geography, including Climate and History

2 Government

3 Population and Births and Deaths

4 Public Health

5 Housing

6 Production

7 Commerce

8 Wages and the Cost of Living

9 Education and Welfare institutions

10 Communication and Transport

11 Banking, Currency, Weights and Measures

12 Public Works

13 Justice and Police

14 Legislation

15 Public Finance and Taxation

A Financial Returns

A(1) Finances (Missing)

A(2) Audit office

B Assessment

C Secretariat for Chinese affairs

D Harbour office

E Imports and Exports office

F Royal Observatory

G Supreme Court

G(1) Registrar of Trade Marks

H Police Magistrates' Courts

I Land office

J New Territories

K Police and Fire Brigade

L Prisons

M Medical and Sanitary

M(1) Sanitary

N Botanical and forestry

O Education

P Volunteer Corps (Not Published)

Q Public Works

R Post office

S Railway

 

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Chapter I.

GEOGRAPHY, INCLUDING CLIMATE AND HISTORY.

The Colony of Hong Kong is situated off the south-eastern coast of China between latitude 22° 9′ and 22° 17′ N. and longitude 114° 5′ and 114° 18′ E. The island, is about eleven miles long and two to five miles in breadth, its circumference being about 27 miles and its area 32 square miles. It consists of an irregular ridge of lofty hills rising to a height of nearly 2,000 feet above sea level, stretching nearly east and west, with few valleys of any extent and little ground available for cultiva- tion.

2. The island of Hong Kong was ceded to Great Britain in January, 1841, the cession being confirmed by the Treaty of Nanking in August, 1842. The charter bears the date of 5th April, 1843. The Kowloon peninsula and Stonecutter's Island were ceded to Great Britain under the Convention signed at Peking in October, 1860, and under the Convention signed at Peking in July, 1898, the area shown as the New Territories including Mirs Bay and Deep Bay was leased to Great Britain by the Government of China for 99 years. The total area of the Colony including the New Territories is about 390 square miles.

3. The importance of Hong Kong has grown with the increase of China's trade with foreign countries. It is now in respect of tonnage entered and cleared one of the largest ports in the world. It is the most convenient outlet for the produce of South China as well as for the incessant flow of Chinese emigration to the Netherlands East Indies, Malaya and else- where. It is also the natural distributing centre for imports into China from abroad.

4. The Colony is not primarily a manufacturing centre, the most important of its industries being those connected directly or indirectly with shipping, such as dock and warehouse, banking and insurance undertakings. Sugar refining and cement manu- facture are also major industries, and in recent years considerable quantities of knitted goods, electric torches and batteries, and rubber shoes have been produced and exported.

5. The climate of Hong Kong is sub-tropical, the winter being normally cool and dry and the summer hot and humid; the seasons are marked by the prevalence of the S.W. monsoon in summer and the N.E. monsoon in winter. The temperature seldom rises above 95° F. or falls below 40° F. The average rainfall is 85.16 inches, May to September being the wettest months. In spring and summer the humidity of the atmosphere is often very high, at time exceeding 95% with an average over the whole year of 79%. The typhoon season may be said to last from June to October though typhoons occasionally occur. before and after this period.

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6. The rainfall for 1936 was 69.77 inches. The mean; tem- perature of the air was 71.8° against an average of 71.9°. The maximum gust velocity of the wind was at the rate of 132 m.p.h. from E. on August 17th.

7. The development of Hong Kong as an Airport was a feature of the year. A weekly mail and passenger service by Imperial Airways between Hong Kong and Penang, connecting with the London-Singapore-Australia service, was inaugurated with the arrival on 24th March, of the R.M.A. "Dorado".

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On 5th November, a regular mail and passenger service be- tween Hong Kong, Canton and Shanghai was inaugurated by the China National Aviation Corporation.

On 23rd October, the Pan American Airways' "Philippine Clipper" arrived in Hong Kong on an experimental trans-Pacific flight.

8. A Commission appointed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies "to investigate the whole question of Mui Tsai in Hong Kong and Malaya and of any surviving practices in those territories of transferring women and children for valuable con- sideration, whether on marriage or adoption, or in any other circumstances, and to report to the Secretary of State on any legislative or other action which they may consider practicable and desirable in relation to these matters" and consisting of Sir Wilfrid Woods, Miss Picton-Turbervill and Mr. C. A. Willis, arrived in the Colony on 14th May. After completing its investi- gations the Commission left Hong Kong on 6th June.

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9. His Excellency the Governor, Sir Andrew Caldecott, Kt., C.M.G., C.B.E., paid an official visit to Canton from 17th to 19th September.

The visit was returned by His Excellency General Huang Mu Sung, Chairman of the Kwangtung Provincial Government, and His Honour Mr. Tsang Yang Fu, Mayor of Canton, who arrived in Hong Kong on 4th November and left on 6th November.

10. His Excellency Vice-Admiral Sir Charles Little, K.C.B., arrived in the Colony on 9th January to assume the post of Commander-in-Chief, China Station, in succession to Admiral Sir Frederic Dreyer, K.C.B., C.B.E.

11. The Hon. Mr. N. L. Smith returned to the Colony on 26th November to assume the post of Colonial Secretary in suc- cession to Sir Thomas Southorn, K.B.E., C.M.G. who departed on leave on 2nd. May prior to assuming the post of Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Gambia..

12. Among the Honours conferred by His Majesty during the course of the year were:

C.M.G. The Hon. Mr. Edwin Taylor.

O.B.E. (Civil Division) Dr. W. B. A. Moore. M.B.E. Dr. R. McLean Gibson.

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Chapter II.

GOVERNMENT.

The Government is administered under Letters Patent of 14th February, 1917, and Royal Instructions of the same and subsequent dates, by a Governor aided by an Executive Council, composed of six official and three unofficial members, and by a Legislative Council composed of nine official and eight unofficial members. Prior to 1928 the numbers of the Legislative Council members were seven and six respectively. The six official mem- bers of the Executive Council are the Senior Military Officer, the Colonial Secretary, the Attorney General, the Secretary for Chinese Affairs, the Colonial Treasurer, all of whom are members ex-officio, and the Director of Public Works, appointed by the Governor. The three unofficial members, one of whom is Chinese, are appointed by the Governor. The six official mem- bers of the Executive Council are also members of the Legislative Council; the other three official members of this Council, who are appointed by the Governor, are the Inspector General of Police, the Harbour Master, and the Director of Medical Services. Of the unofficial members of the Legislative Council two are appointed by the Governor on the nomination respectively of the Justices of the Peace and of the Chamber of Commerce; the Governor also appoints the remaining members three of whom are Chinese. Appointment in the case of unofficial mem- bers is for five years for the Executive and four years for the Legislative Council.

2. The Urban Council composed of five official and eight unofficial members has power to make by-laws under the Public Heaith (Food). Ordinance, the Public Health (Sanitation) Ordin- ance and the Public Health (Animals and Birds) Ordinance in matters appertaining to public health, subject to an overriding power in the Legislative Council.

3. There are a number of advisory boards and committees such as the Board of Education, Harbour Advisory Committee, Labour Advisory Board, etc., composed of both official and unofficial members. They are frequently consulted and are of much assistance to the Government.

4. The English Common Law forms the basis of the legal system, modified by Hong Kong Ordinances of which an edition revised to 1923 has been published. The law as to civil procedure was codified by Ordinance No. 3 of 1901. The Colonial Courts of Admiralty Act 1890 regulates the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in Admiralty cases.

5. The daily administration is carried out by the twenty- eight Government departments, all

all officers of which are members of the Civil Service. The most important of the

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purely administrative departments are the Secretariat, Treasury, Secretariat for Chinese Affairs, Post Office, Harbour, the Imports and Exports, Police and Prisons departments. There are seven legal departments, including the Supreme Court and the Magistracies. Two departments, Medical and Sanitary, deal with public health, one, Education, with education; and one, the largest of all the Government departments, Public Works, is concerned with roads, buildings, waterworks, piers and analogous matters.

6. There have been no changes in the system of Govern- ment in the year under review.

Chapter III.

POPULATION AND BIRTHS AND DEATHS.

Variation in population in Hong Kong is more dependent on immigration and emigration than on births and deaths. Move- ments to and from the Colony are influenced by events in China and owing to the large numbers who come and go daily it is impossible to give more than a very rough estimate of the actual population, except during census years.

2. The following table shows the estimated population for the Colony for the middle of 1936.

Non-Chinese (mostly resident in Victoria and Kowloon). Chinese in Victoria

Chinese in Hong Kong Villages

Chinese in Kowloon and New Kowloon

Chinese in junks and sampans

Chinese in New Territories

Total

21,832

382,119

50,605

327,858

100,000

105,776

988,190

3. During the year 2,977,205 persons entered and 2,987,772 persons left the Colony, making a daily average of 8,134 arrivals and 8,163 departures. The daily average for 1935 was 9,171 arrivals and 9,348 departures.

4. Since 1932 registration of Births and Deaths in the New Territories has been more fully enforced. The introduction of the new Births and Deaths Ordinance in the latter half of 1934 by improving facilities for registration on the one hand and checking on the other brought about an appreciable increase in registrations. This was particularly noticeable in the New Ter- ritories where the births registered during 1936 were 3,317 as compared to 587 in 1932.

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purely administrative departments are the Secretariat, Treasury, Secretariat for Chinese Affairs, Post Office, Harbour, the Imports and Exports, Police and Prisons departments. There are seven legal departments, including the Supreme Court and the Magistracies. Two departments, Medical and Sanitary, deal with public health, one, Education, with education; and one, the largest of all the Government departments, Public Works, is concerned with roads, buildings, waterworks, piers and analogous matters.

6. There have been no changes in the system of Govern- ment in the year under review.

Chapter III.

POPULATION AND BIRTHS AND DEATHS.

Variation in population in Hong Kong is more dependent on immigration and emigration than on births and deaths. Move- ments to and from the Colony are influenced by events in China and owing to the large numbers who come and go daily it is impossible to give more than a very rough estimate of the actual population, except during census years.

2. The following table shows the estimated population for the Colony for the middle of 1936.

Non-Chinese (mostly resident in Victoria and Kowloon). Chinese in Victoria

Chinese in Hong Kong Villages

Chinese in Kowloon and New Kowloon

Chinese in junks and sampans

Chinese in New Territories

Total

21,832

382,119

50,605

327,858

100,000

105,776

988,190

3. During the year 2,977,205 persons entered and 2,987,772 persons left the Colony, making a daily average of 8,134 arrivals and 8,163 departures. The daily average for 1935 was 9,171 arrivals and 9,348 departures.

4. Since 1932 registration of Births and Deaths in the New Territories has been more fully enforced. The introduction of the new Births and Deaths Ordinance in the latter half of 1934 by improving facilities for registration on the one hand and checking on the other brought about an appreciable increase in registrations. This was particularly noticeable in the New Ter- ritories where the births registered during 1936 were 3,317 as compared to 587 in 1932.

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5. The number of births registered was:

Chinese

Non-Chinese

Total

1935.

1936.

24,510

26,853

527

530

25,037

27,383*

* Includes 272 registered after 12 months.

6. The deaths registered among the civil population number 26,356 (Including 976 stillbirths) giving a crude death rate of 26.6 per mille as compared with 22.90 for the previous year.

Estimated Death rate per Population.

Non-Chinese Chinese

Deaths.

236 26,120

mille population.

21,832

10.8

966,358

27.0

There were 17 deaths among H.M. Forces during the year.

7. The number of deaths of infants under one year was Chinese 9,905, Non-Chinese 19. If the figures for Chinese births represented the total births, which they do not, the infantile mortality figure for the Chinese would be 372.42 as compared with 316.36 in the previous year. The infantile mortality figure among non-Chinese was 38.83 as compared with 56.92 in 1935.

Chapter IV.

PUBLIC HEALTH,

In the absence of some general system of registration of sickness, the only sources of information available for gauging the state of the public health in this Colony are the returns relating to deaths, the notifications of infectious diseases and the records of Government and Chinese hospitals. Judging from the death returns the health of the Colony was not quite so good as that of the previous year. The crude death rate was 26.68 per mille as compared with 22.90 for 1935.

2. Respiratory diseases accounted for 39.70 per cent of the total deaths, the percentage for 1935 was 41.62. The principal diseases causing death were broncho-pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchitis, infantile diarrhoea and diarrhoea. The overcrowded houses, the expectorating habits of the people and poverty furnish sufficient explanation for the prevalence of respiratory troubles.

3. Pulmonary Tuberculosis.-This disease continues to rank second to broncho-pneumonia as the principal cause of death. It is probable that some of the cases of the latter were of tuber- culous origin. The total number of deaths was 2,416; that for 1935 was 2,237. The death rate per mille was 2:44 as compared with 2.31 for 1935.

4. There is need for more hospital or infirmary accommoda- tion for tuberculosis patients, especially for those of the poorer classes.

5. Malaria. Owing to efficient drainage methods this disease has disappeared from the greater part of the urban districts. It still persists, however, in the suburbs and in the rural areas. There are parts of the New Territories where the spleen rate is as high as 41 per cent.

6. Malaria not being a notifiable disease the incidence figures are unknown. The cases admitted to the Government Hospitals numbered 581 as compared to 384 in the previous year. The percentage of deaths to cases admitted was 3.6%. Among the Chinese Hospitals there were 1,341 admissions with a case mortality rate of 18 per cent.

7. The total number of deaths attributed to this disease was 503, giving a death rate 0.50 per mille over the whole population. The low death rate is, of course, due to the fact that the great bulk of the population residing in the drained urban area is not subject to risks of infection. If figures for local districts were available it would be found that in some areas the incidence and death rates were very considerable.

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8. During the year the Malaria Bureau continued its in- vestigations into the life history, habits and carry powers of the local anophelines. The results obtained were both interesting and instructive. As in previous years there was no obstruction from the local Chinese, on the contrary they took an interest in the proceedings and showed their eagerness to be of assistance. The Chinese Inspectors have shown ability and zeal.

9. The Bureau co-operated with the military authorities, the Royal Air Force, the Sanitary Department, the Public Works Department and the construction engineers at the Shing Mun Dam.

At the Shing Mun Dam construction works where more than 2,000 labourers were employed the casualty rate from malaria continued to remain at a very low figure. The daily average percentage of workers off duty from sickness was less than five.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES.

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10. During the year there were reported 23 cases of small- pox 123 cases of cerebro-spina 375 cases of diphtheria and

fever, 418 cases of enteric. There were no cholera cases:

11. Smallpox.-Every year in the cold season this disease manifests itself in outbreaks which are sometimes sporadic, sometimes epidemic. Whatever the prevalence there is always a tendency for the morbidity rate to decline or disappear with the advent of summer. In the year under review there were 23 cases and 16 deaths as compared with 61 and 44 respectively in 1935. 11 cases only were treated in hospital; the remainder did not come under the notice of the authorities until after death.

12. The vaccination campaign was continued and during the year 274,784 persons were vaccinated.. Valuable assistance was afforded by the St. John Ambulance Brigade and by the Chinese Public Dispensaries. Both bodies engaged in active propaganda and through their efforts many were persuaded who otherwise would have kept aloof. The various sections of the Brigade again carried out street vaccination with excellent results.

13. The Chinese have a preference for vaccination being done in the spring, which they regard as the most auspicious season. For a month or two after Chinese New Year the Chinese Public Dispensaries are crowded with children waiting to be vaccinated.

14. Many Chinese still hold the opinion that the herbalist treatment of smallpox gives better results than the methods adopted by practitioners qualified in Western medicine. An analysis of the statistics of (a) the Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital where only herbalist treatment is carried out and (b) the Government Infectious Diseases Hospital where western treatment only is provided shows that this view is not correct.

15. Plague. For the last seven years no cases of plague have been reported in Hong Kong. The disappearance of this disease not only from this Colony but from the greater part of China and its decline throughout the world are due to factors which are not understood.

16. Systematic rat-catching and periodical cleansing of houses were carried out throughout the year. The total number of rats collected was 212,947 of which 17,967 were taken alive, as compared with 192,251 and 21,820 in 1935. The number collected each year shows that there is no diminution in the rat population. All the rats collected were sent to the Public Mortuary for examination. None was found infected.

17. Cerebro-spinal Fever.-Altogether 123 cases were re- ported with 65 deaths. No special foci of infection were discovered and few instances where one could trace the source of infection. The cases were treated in the general hospitals without any instance of spread of infection. Sera manufactured at the Bacteriological Institute were used therapeutically.

18. Diphtheria.-With regard to diphtheria there is little to be said. The cases were sporadic and the sources of infection were seldom discovered. 375 cases were reported as compared with 266 in 1935.

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19. Enteric. What has been said of diphtheria applies to enteric. The incubation period being so long and the possible sources of infection so numerous there is little chance of tracing in any cases the source of infection. 418 cases were reported as compared with 319 in 1935.

20. Leprosy.-A new lepers Ordinance (Ordinance No. 25 of 1935) was enacted and passed on the 13th of June, 1935.

Prior to 1935 there was no place set apart in the Colony for use as a leper settlement. In May of 1935, however, tem- porary arrangements were made whereby lepers could be admitted to the Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital at Kennedy Town. They are fed by the Tung Wah Hospital Com- mittee at Government expense and treated by a Government Medical Officer. There were 129 admissions during 1936 (106 M. 23 F.) of whom 82 were transferred to Sheklung.

21. Rabies.-No human cases were reported during the year. One infected dog was reported from the New Territories.

22. Dysentery.-During November there occurred a serious epidemic of Shiga Dysentery.

The outbreak commenced on the 8th of November when twelve European children developed symptoms so severe that seven of them subsequently died.

From the 8th up to and including the 19th there were forty seven cases all but four of whom were European children under ten years of age. The causative organism was in twenty-five cases proved to be the bacterium dysenteriae of Shiga, in four that of Flexner and in the remainder the organism was not isolated and identified though in the majority of cases the severity of the symptoms pointed strongly to Shiga infection.

There were altogether eight deaths seven of which as men- tioned above were cases which developed symptoms on the 8th. The remaining death was that of a Chinese infant the son of a Chinese servant engaged in a house where two children had died of the disease.

There being some indication that the infection was milk borne the public were advised to boil all milk and the various dairies were instructed to take special precautions. One of them the Dairy Farm decided to institute pasteurisation of all milk and cream before issuing thus obviating any risk there might be of infection spreading from that source.

It having been ascertained that all the twenty-four cases taken ill on the 8th and 9th had consumed a special brand of mild designated "Nursery Milk" issued by the Dairy Farm- special attention was directed to this institution. The fact that thousands of individuals had daily consumed milk from this

dairy without suffering any deleterious effects showed that the milk as a whole had not been at fault. It was assumed that one batch of nursery milk had accidently become infected with Shiga bacilli, a thorough inspection of the premises failed to bring to light any source of contamination.

The farm could fairly be described as a high class institution where special precautions were taken to produce a clean milk. It appeared to be the case that the milk was handled in a sanitary manner from the cow to the consumer and would be called Grade A in England.

A search was made to discover the source of infection and the stools of 113 workers were examined in an endeavour to find among them any Shiga carriers. No Shiga bacilli isolated from any of the stools.

THE DUMPING OF THE DEAD.

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23. The number of bodies reported by the police as dumped was 1,091 as compared with 1,038 in 1935. In an endeavour to stop this practice chambers for the deposit of corpses have been established at all the Chinese Public Dispensaries. In some cases the top of the table is so arranged that the weight of a body on it closes an electric circuit which rings a bell in the caretaker's room.

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HOSPITALS.

24. The Government Civil Hospital.-The Hospital consists of three blocks and contains 225 beds in 23 wards.

About one half the accommodation has been placed under the care of the clinical professors of the University who have been gazetted respectively Surgeon, Physician and Obstetric Physician to the Hospital.

The number of in-patients in 1936 was 5,875 as compared with 5,047 in the.previous year.

25. Attendances at the general clinics for out-patients numbered 55,532 as compared with 50,685 in the previous year. In addition there were 47,784 attendances at clinics for special subjects such as those in connection with children's diseases, opthalmology, ear, nose, and throat work, venereal diseases, etc. Much of the work connected with outpatients was done by the University staff.

26. Attached to the hospital is a Maternity Hospital of 21 beds. There were 1,010 cases in 1936 and 1,056 in 1935. With the exception of 224 cases attended by the Government Medical Officers all the cases were under the care of the University Professor and his assistants.

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27. Mental Hospital.-Situated close to the Government Civil Hospital is the Mental Hospital which is under the direc- tion of the Medical Officer in charge of the Government Civil Hospital. There are separate divisions for European and Chinese. The European section contains 14 beds and the Chinese section 18 beds. This hospital is mainly only a tem- porary abode for mental cases, those of Chinese nationality being sent to Canton, and those of other nationalities repatriated to their respective countries. There were 419 cases in 1936 and 350 in 1935. The daily average number of patients for

1936 was 58.

28. Government Infectious Diseases Hospital. This hos- pital situated on the Western outskirts of the City of Victoria is the only Government Institution of its kind for the whole Colony. Formerly a Police Station it contains only 26 beds. 13 cases were admitted in 1936 as compared with 1 case in 1935.

29. Kowloon Hospital. The accommodation at this hos- pital, which is situated on the Mainland, is 131 beds. It con- sists of four two storied blocks, one of which is reserved for Maternity cases.

The opening of the Maternity Block in 1934 filled a long felt want as there was no provision on the mainland for Euro- pean women. Private patients may be attended by their own doctor if they so desire. During the year 1,137 patients were treated.

The number of inpatients in 1936 was 3,367 as compared with 3,077 in 1935.

The new Out-Patients Department situated at the Main Gate was opened on 11th March, 1935.

The total attendances at the Out-Patient Department num- bered 62,502 (54,194 in 1935); of these 25,796. were new cases; 13,591 were old cases. The remaining 23,115 were dressings.

30. Victoria Hospital.-Situated on the Peak, this hospital overlooks the city of Victoria and has a clear view across the harbour of the territory on the mainland.

There are 46 beds in the General Block and 26 in the Maternity Block.

During 1936, 644 cases were treated, 579 in the General Block and 65 in the Maternity Block; the number in 1935 being 490, made up of 424 General and 66 Maternity cases. Maternity patients may be attended by their own doctor if they so desire.

The total number of outpatients during the year 1936 was 1,064.

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31. Tsan Yuk Hospital. This Maternity Hospital formerly part of the organisation financed and managed by the Chinese Public Dispensaries Committee and was handed over to Government as a free gift on 1st January, 1934.

The care of the patients is under the general supervision of the University Professor of Obstetrics who is also a Government Consultant. The University Medical students receive training there.

There are 60 beds, of which 46 are reserved for maternity cases and 14 for gynaecological cases.

During the year 1,636 cases were admitted to the Maternity section and 264 to the Gynaecological sections, a total of 1,900 admissions.

In the out-patients department, 4,172 people attended during the year. Separate Gynaecological, Infant Welfare and Anti-Natal Clinics were held in which 1,279, 2,494, and 399 cases respectively were treated or advised.

32. The Chinese Hospitals.-Tung Wah, Tung Wah Eastern, Kwong Wah-are hospitals which are maintained by the Tung Wah Charity Organisation, a purely Chinese body. These in- stitutions, which are assisted by Government, are under inspec- tion by the Government Medical Department. Each has as its Medical. Superintendent a Chinese Medical Officer who is paid by Government. The Medical staff consists of Chinese Medical Officers, qualified in Western Medicine, and Chinese Herbalists.

The patient is given his choice of treatment.

No. treated in No. treated in

1936.

HOSPITAL.

No. of

1935.

[beds. Western

Medicine

Chinese Herbalist Medicine

Western Medicine Herbalist Medicine

Chinese

Tung Wah-General.. 446 9.251

Maternity. 24

2,034

5,723 7,088 4.984 1,833

Kwong Wah-General 267- 9,155 Maternity. 59 4,173

4,436 7,296-

3,364

4,439

Tung Wah

Eastern-General. 222 '5.110 Maternity. 14 1,120

2,715

4,778

2,185

1,154

...

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33. Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital.--Situated in Kennedy Town and adjacent to the Government Infectious Diseases Hospital is the Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital, an 'institution containing 30 beds where 60 patients. could be accommodated at a pinch. The treatment here was left almost. entirely to the herbalists.

During the year, there were no cases of Smallpox treated.

TREATMENT OF OPIUM ADDICTS.

34. At the Government Civil Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital six and twelve beds (respectively) are reserved for the treatment of opium addicts, the Government being responsible for the expenses incurred. 41 cases were treated at the former institution and 404 at the latter, making a total of 445 cases.

Chapter V

HOUSING.

In recent years some evidence has been shown amongst the artizan class of the Colony of a quickening social consciousness and the resultant desire to avail themselves of improved housing accommodation wherever such is made available. The unskilled labouring classes, however, are still found densely packed in tenement houses deficient in light and air. This class of labour has to find its habitat as close as possible to the scene of its labour, with the result that the western part of the City of Victoria, which houses the native business quarter and closely adjoins the portion of the harbour handling the traffic from the West River and Chinese Coast Ports, is seriously overcrowded.

2. These conditions which were being slowly mitigated by the rebuilding of properties which from time to time were con- demned for reasons of structural defects are now being more rapidly appeased by the operation of the Buildings Ordinance, 1935, which came into force on the 1st January, 1936- Over- crowding amongst the labouring class is still however prevalent.

3. The housing of the Colony is all privately owned; and control is maintained by the operation of the Buildings Ordin- ance, 1935, the provisions of which also mould the character of the housing. Generally the houses are built back to back in rows and are separated by a scavenging lane. These houses vary in height from two to four storeys according to the width of the street on to which they front, whilst the average height per storey is twelve feet, a minimum being controlled by the Ordinance of 1903. The Buildings Ordinance, 1935, permits a

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33. Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital.--Situated in Kennedy Town and adjacent to the Government Infectious Diseases Hospital is the Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital, an 'institution containing 30 beds where 60 patients. could be accommodated at a pinch. The treatment here was left almost. entirely to the herbalists.

During the year, there were no cases of Smallpox treated.

TREATMENT OF OPIUM ADDICTS.

34. At the Government Civil Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital six and twelve beds (respectively) are reserved for the treatment of opium addicts, the Government being responsible for the expenses incurred. 41 cases were treated at the former institution and 404 at the latter, making a total of 445 cases.

Chapter V

HOUSING.

In recent years some evidence has been shown amongst the artizan class of the Colony of a quickening social consciousness and the resultant desire to avail themselves of improved housing accommodation wherever such is made available. The unskilled labouring classes, however, are still found densely packed in tenement houses deficient in light and air. This class of labour has to find its habitat as close as possible to the scene of its labour, with the result that the western part of the City of Victoria, which houses the native business quarter and closely adjoins the portion of the harbour handling the traffic from the West River and Chinese Coast Ports, is seriously overcrowded.

2. These conditions which were being slowly mitigated by the rebuilding of properties which from time to time were con- demned for reasons of structural defects are now being more rapidly appeased by the operation of the Buildings Ordinance, 1935, which came into force on the 1st January, 1936- Over- crowding amongst the labouring class is still however prevalent.

3. The housing of the Colony is all privately owned; and control is maintained by the operation of the Buildings Ordin- ance, 1935, the provisions of which also mould the character of the housing. Generally the houses are built back to back in rows and are separated by a scavenging lane. These houses vary in height from two to four storeys according to the width of the street on to which they front, whilst the average height per storey is twelve feet, a minimum being controlled by the Ordinance of 1903. The Buildings Ordinance, 1935, permits a

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8. On May 10th, 1935, a Commission was appointed to enquire into the housing difficulties in Victoria and Kowloon, with special reference to overcrowding and its effect on tuber-: culosis, and to suggest steps which should be taken to remedy existing conditions.

9. The Commission has had difficulty in arranging meetings owing to the absence of members from the Colony and changes in Government personnel and the main work so far has been confined to the compiling of statistics obtained from preliminary housing surveys and an exchange of views with Shanghai.

Chapter VI.

PRODUCTION.

Hong Kong is the port for South China, and the greater part of the large volume of goods that pass through it is in transit between South China and other parts of the world, including North and Middle China. The Colony itself produces comparatively little, though the shipbuilding, cement, rope, tin and sugar refining, rubber shoe and cotton knitting

cotton industries are not unimportant. Neither agriculture nor mning is carried on to any great extent, though the former is practised throughout the New Territories Rice and vegetables are grown, and there is considerable poultry farming, but in insufficient quantities to supply the needs of the urban populations of Victoria and Kowloon. The cultivation is in the hands of the Chinese villagers. Sea fishing is an important industry, but here again local supplies have to be augmented by importation from outside.

2. Reports on the principal industries for the year 1936 are given below:

Refined Sugar:-The promise of better trading conditions for Sugar at the beginning of 1936 was not fulfilled and after heavy purchases were made at the rising price levels of the first few weeks, a sharp drop in values caused considerable dis- location in market conditions and some loss to holders.

The downward movement of prices continued during the greater part of the year and the smuggling into North China through the connivance of the Autonomous Council in Hopei, and several rumours of substantial reduction in

China's rates of Import Duty on Sugar as counter measures, contributed to the general dullness in trading. These rumours were not fulfilled and the unexpectedly rapid and peaceful success of the Central Government's resumption of control in Kwangtung and Kwangsi leading to improved confidence in Nanking's power,

15

better harvests in the Yangtze Valley giving rise to renewed optimism, an active demand for Sugar supplies arose in August, and this was maintained during the greater part of the rest of the year.

The devaluation of the Guilder in September might have had considerable effect on Eastern markets, but the Sugar Selling Organisation in Java, which is probably the most potent single factor in Sugar circles in the Far East, was able to exercise firm and beneficial control of the price situation, and the changed conditions caused little disruption.

At the end of 1936 a sharp upward trend in prices set in, with considerable activity in all the world markets. The strength of the upward movement has brought out many specu- lators buit in general the recovery is probably genuine and healthy, and it is perhaps not too much to hope that at last Sugar may share in the improvement noted in other commodity markets.

Cement:-Due to the general depression, and the Govern- ment's retrenchment policy, fewer building schemes of import- ance have been undertaken during the year, SO that the consumption of Cement shows a reduction on last year's figures.

Japanese Importers continue to do most of the trade, but large supplies of Haiphong Cement are now coming into the Colony and are being retailed at prices below those of Japanese.

Government Statistics for the year 1936 give the Imports of Cement into Hong Kong for that year as follows:

1,034,784 piculs valued at $ 742,526

From Japan

Indo-China Other Countries...

342,505

>>

""

10,236

,,

Total

1,387,425

245,598

51,220

$1,039,342

Preserved Ginger:-Local prices fluctuated during the year from $12.50 to $19 per picul for cargo ginger and from $19 to $26 for stem ginger. Better trade conditions in the United Kingdom and other buying markets led to increased demand for preserved ginger during 1936, the values of quantities exported being as follows:

To United Kingdom

Australia

Holland

1936.

..$1,107,427

1935. $ 783,193

346,913

332,671

202,578

191,454

>>

U. S. A.

142,717

138,131

""

Other Countries

301,331

430,329

Total

$2,100,966

$1,875,778

ནོ

.

!

$

17

Shipbuilding-During the year the Colony's shipyards had under construction three passenger ships, two cargo ships, one police patrol cruiser, one Admiralty tug, one hopper dredger, one cruising yacht, one dumb barge and seven launches, a total of seventeen vessels of 3,900 tons gross.......

Chapter VII.

COMMERCE.

was

The collection and compilation of Trade statistics resumed in 1930 and for the first time since comparative figures have been available the visible trade of the Colony in 1936 showed signs of improvement, particularly in the final quarter of the year when substantial increases were recorded both of imports and exports, as compared with the corresponding period of the preceding year.

2. The combined values of imports and exports of mer- chandise in 1936 increased by 26.3% as compared with 1935, and 8.4% as compared with 1934, in terms of local currency. (De- tails are given in Table I).

3. Imports of merchandise totalled $452.4 (£28.5) millions in 1936 as compared with $365.0 (£35.3) millions in 1935, and $415.9 (£31.7) millions in. 1934;. whilst exports totalled $350.9 (£22,1) millions in 1936, as compared with $271.0 (£26.1) millions in 1935, and $325.1 (£24.8) millions in 1934.

4. In terms of local currency imports of merchandise in 1936 increased by 23.9%, as compared with 1935, and 8.8% as compared with 1934; whilst exports increased by 29.5% in 1936 as compared with 1935, and 7.9% as compared with 1934.

5. In terms of sterling values imports of merchandise de- creased by 19.3% in 1936 as compared with 1935, and 10.1% as compared with 1984; whilst exports decreased by 15.3% in 1936 as compared with 1935, and 10.9% as compared with 1934. (It should be noted that the average T.T. rate of exchange on London 1s. 3.3/16d. in 1936, 1s. 11.5/16d. in 1935, and 1s. 6.3/16d. in 1934).

6. It is estimated that the quantum of the import trade in- creased by 7.8% in 1936 as compared with 1935, and 12.6% as compared with 1934, but, of necessary, the volume of the import trade cannot be calculated accurately on account of the lack of a suitable unit of quantity and the fact that many commodities imported are declared by value only.

॰༢

18

7. The following countries increased their shares of the import trade in 1936 as compared with 1935: Japan, Nether- lands East Indies, Siam, Germany, India and Belgium; whilst increased shares of the export trade were credited to British Malaya, Japan, Siam, U.S.A., Netherlands East Indies, Philip- pine Islands and India. (Details are given in Table II).

:

8. It will be seen from Table III that there were increased imports in 1936 of the following groups of commodities as com- pared with 1935:-Live animals, chemicals and drugs, Chinese medicines, dyeing and tanning materials, foodstuffs and provi- sions, fuels, hardware, liquors, machinery, manures, metals, minerals and ores, nuts and seeds, oils and fats, paints, paper and paperware, piece goods and textiles, tobacco, vehicles, wear- ing apparel and sundries, the only groups showing a decrease being building materials and railway materials. There were increases in all groups of exports with the exception of live animals and fuels.

.

9. Total movements of Treasure amounted to $216.5 millions in 1936 as compared with $254.7 millions in 1935. Imports totalled $72.7 millions in 1936 as compared with $38.8 millions in 1935, and exports $143.8 millions as compared with $216.0 millions. (Details are given in Table IV).

10. Average T.T. opening rates of exchange during the year 1936 were:-London 1/3.3/16; France 522.15/16; U.S.A. 31.7/16; Shanghai 105; India 83.5/8; Singapore 53.7/8; Japan 108.1/8; Java 48.3/4.

11. Wholesale prices in the Colony showed an increase of 32.3% in 1936 as compared with 1935 and an increase of 12.7% as compared with 1934. Increases were recorded in each of the four groups of commodities, viz., Foodstuffs, Textiles, Metals and Minérals, and Miscellaneous Articles.

19

Table I.

IMPORTS AND EXPORTS 1924-1936.

(in £'s & $'s millions).

IMPORTS

1924. 1931. 1932: 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936.

1st Quarter ...£ 19.3

$165.4

9.0 11.9 186.9 170.7

8.5 7.1 9.0 6.3

132.8

95.8

97.3

98.2

2nd Quarter ... 17.1

8.7 10.2

8.5

7.1

10.7

7.4

$144.0

180.1

164.7

126.1

99.7.

94.0 114.1

3rd Quarter ...£ 19.2

£ 19.2

9.0

9.3

8.5. .8.1

8.16.6

$161.7

182.3

142.4

122.1

106.6

79.5 106.7

4th Quarter.... 16.5 $136.6

11.8.

11.8 9.6

8.4

9.4

7.5

8.2

188:4 146.2

119.9

113.8

94.2

133.4

Total

£72.1 38.5 41.0 33.9 $607.7 737.7 624.0 500.9

31.7 35.3 28.5

415.9

365.0 452.4

EXPORTS.

1924. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936..

1st Quarter...£ 18.3.

$156.8

6.8

8.8

6.8

5.8

6.9

· 4.9

140.1

127.0

105.3

77.5

74.8°

76.0

2nd Quarter...£ 15.2

6.4

7:1

7.2

5.7

7.7.

5.6.

$128.0

132.5

115.3

106.2.

··~ 79...6..

67.9

87.5

3rd Quarter ... 14.6

£

6.5

7.2

6.6

6.1

-5.8

5.1

$122.9

130.6

110.0 95.5

80.5

56.6

81.5

4th Quarter ...£ 15.5.

$128.3

9.2 138.7

7.9

6.8

7.2

5.7

6.5

"

119.6

96.1

87.5 71.7

105.9

Total

£ 63.6 28.9 $536.0 541.9

31.0

·

27.4 24.8 26.1 22.1

471.9 403.1 325.1 271.0 350.9

NOTE:Average rate of exchange 1924-28, 4žd.

1931=1s. 02d.

1932-18. 3 d.

1933-1s. 44d.

1934-18. 63d.

1935-18. 11d.

1936-18. 3d.

:

20.

Table II.

DISTRIBUTION OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF MERCHANDISE

BY COUNTRIES ($'000's omitted).

A.-IMPORTS.

1935.

1936.

$

%

$

%

China

123,314 33.8

152,041

33.6

Japan

43,132

11.8

58,039

12.8

N. E. Indies

22,576

6.2

38,334 8.5

United Kingdom

23,897

6.5

29,008

6.4

U. S. A.

26,462

7.3

32,181

7.1

French Indo-China

32,573

8.9

25,760

5.7

Siam .......

20,535

5.6

29,780

6.6

Germany

16,346

4.5

23,618

5.2

British Malaya

6,215

1.7

7,352

1.6

India

4,440

1.2

5,755

1.3

Australia

8,419

2.3

9,114

2.0

Belgium

4,788

1.3

6,599

1.5

All Other Countries

32,293

8.9

34,769

7.7

Summary,

United Kingdom

23,897 6.5

29,008

6.4

British Dominions and

Possessions

26,983

7.4

29,911

6.6

China

123,314 33.8

152,041 33.6

All Other Countries

190,796 52.3

241,390 53.4

Total British Empire

-50,880 13.9 58,919 13.0

Total Foreign

314,110 86.1° 393,431

87.0

Grand Total

364,990 100.0 452,350 100.0

21

Table II,-Continued.

B.-EXPORts.

1935.

1936.

1

$

%

%

China

132,804 49.0 149,739

42.7

British Malaya

17,006

6.3

25,767

7.3

French Indo-China

14,459

5.3

17,370

5.0

Japan

11,497

4.2

17,955

5.1

-

Macao

13,294

4.9

13,001

3.7

Siam

10,441

3.9

14,506

4.1

U. S. A.

21,248 7.8

28,436

8.1

Kwong Chow. Wan

9,333

3.4

10,586

3.0

N. E. Indies

6,193

2.3

9,722

2.8

Philippines

5,012

1.8

11,500

3.3

India

3,416.

1.3

4,819

1.4

All Other Countries.....

26,330 9.8

47,464

13.5

Summary.

United Kingdom

7,553

2.8

13,282

3.8

British Dominions and

Possessions

30,107 11.1

48,295 13.7

China

132,804

49.0

149,739 42.7

All Other Countries

100,569

37.1

139,549 39.8

Total British Empire

37,660 13.9

61,577 17.5

Total Foreign

233,373 86.1

289,288 82.5

Grand Total ...

271,033

100.0

350,865 100.0

.

:

:

22

Table III.

IMPORTS AND EXPORTS BY MAIN GROUPS OF COMMODITIES

($'000's omitted).

Imports.

Exports.

1935.

1936.

1935.

1936.

Animals, Live

7,929

8,042

168

134

Building Materials

6,730

6,635 3,502

3,513

Chemicals & Drugs

4,521

5,408

2,894

3:441

Chinese Medicines

13,018

20,265

10,318

13,761

Dyeing Materials

4,261

4,736

3,553

3,636

Foodstuffs

108,025

123,411

82,187

:

91,912

Fuels

10,628 11,033

781

396

Hardware

2,651

3,937 2,041

3,072

Liquors

2,922

3,379

761

894

Machinery

6,740 9,060

7,392 9,947

Manures

3,435

8,886

4,882

10,221

Metals

32,784

41,032

28,711 36,973

Minerals & Ores

2,190

2,812

2,829

8,485

:

Nuts and Seeds.

5,141

6,566 3,436

4,047

Oils and Fats

33,972

39,994 25,657

33,090

Paints

1,451

1,750

1,196

1,430

Paper and Paperware

8,871

13,417

5,644

7,894

Piece Goods

52,670

67,675

34,109

40,069

Railway Materials

563

84

1,061

Í,155

:.

Tobacco

5,863

5,891

3,236

4,321 ·

Treasure

38,785

72,728

215,959

143,815

Vehicles

3,938

6,584 3,061 7,970

Wearing Apparel

3,611

Sundries

43,075

4,123

57,631 37,392 51,913

6,223 12,591

Total

403,774

525,079 486,993 494,680

23

Table IV.

IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF TREASURE.

Imports.

Exports.

1935.

1936.

1935.

1936.

$

$

$

$

Bank Notes

12,520,780

22,545,864 12,619,645

24,756,807

Copper Cents

6,006

193,279

13,485

234

Gold Bars

3,548,539 3,656,465

28,330,556

33,217,868

Gold Coins

38,060

760,049

Gold Leaf

4,764

5,849

139,597

356,132

Silver Bars

1,053,014

45,288 100,856,835

25,876

H.K. Silver Dollars

8,285,219

277,420 34,558,816 49,176,000

Chinese Silver Dollars

6,727,206 45,241,301

17,088,114 2,975,093

Other Silver Dollars

1,358,911

22,446 19,038,593 15,345,501

Silver Sub. Coin

5,280,372 740,496

3,275,588 17,201,873

Total

38,784,811 72,728,408

215,959,289 143,815,433

Table V.

WHOLESALE PRICE CHANGES.

(1922=100)

Groups.

1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936.

Foodstuffs

Textiles

Metals

Miscellaneous

144.3 126.5 113.4

94.3

85.4 113.3

135.8 125.2

97.0

85.9

74.2

99.4

140.9 128.1 107.8

97.4

79.8

107.2

125.4 109.7 95.7. 88.5

72.3

92.5

Average

136.6 122.4 103.5

91.5

77.9

103.1

:

-

*

24

Chapter VIII.

WAGES AND THE COST OF LIVING.

The depression in the smaller industries, which pay their employees on a piece-work basis or on a complicated system of a bonus on the yearly profits, appeared to have been improved owing to the beneficial effect of the falling exchange rate throughout the year. The improvement of conditions in the manufacturies of electric torches and dry batteries, confectionery, cork and felt hats, rubber shoes and rubber knee-boots reported in 1935 has been maintained.

Other industries which have increased included the paper dyeing industry, many concerns having transferred to Hong Kong from South China due to the local facilities for obtaining raw materials; and the silk cloth printing, hurricane lamp manufac- turies and shoe making by machinery concerns.

Within the last few months there has been a marked increase in the shirt and pyjama making industry due to the large amount of artificial silk which is being imported into the Colony.

Signs of the renewal of activity in the knitting and weaving factories are apparent. The employment of female labour in these industries as well as in the torch, battery and rubber shoe factories has increased.

There is still a good deal of unemployment amongst the unskilled male workers, but the heavy industries, where skilled labour is demanded, have had a fairly good year.

Most of the factories are working full time. The working conditions are still improving and the majority of factories are now operating in fire-resisting buildings, having removed from their old tenements. There has been no trouble over wage dis- putes and dismissals.

The number of factories has increased. Sixty-four have. closed down, but ninety-nine fresh factories were registered. The total number of registered workshops and factories in opera- tion is now 541.

The cost of living as reflected in the commodities rice, fish, meat, vegetables, oil, tea, firewood, clothes and shoes appears to have remained much the same for the beginning of the year as in 1935, but an upward trend is noticeable towards the end of the year. On two labour-food index figures taken for 1928-1933, the approximate percentage for 1936 rises from 75.3 in both cases in January 1936 to 80.9 and 91.8 respectively for December

1936.

27

Chapter IX.

EDUCATION AND WELFARE INSTITUTIONS.

GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.

These are either schools where the medium of instruction is English or mostly English or schools where the medium of instruction is Chinese. The former, seventeen in number, are known as "English" schools, the latter of which there are three as "vernacular" schools.

2. Of the four English schools, classed as "secondary schools in the Table below, two are Anglo-Chinese schools for boys and one for girls. These three schools have primary departments. The fourth school, the Central, British School which is a mixed school, has no primary department. Of the eleven English schools, classed as "primary" schools in the Table, three are mixed schools preparing for the Central British School. In this group are also four "District" schools, includ- ing one for Indian boys and four "Lower Grade" schools, three of which are in rural districts. In those English schools which are attended by Chinese the study of English and of Chinese is carried on side by side, the pari passu system requiring that promotion shall depend on proficiency in both languages.

3. Of the two Government Schools classed as "vocational" one is the Junior Technical School which was opened in February, 1933, the other is the Evening Institute which is attended by persons desirous of receiving instruction for the most part germane to their day time occupations.

There

4. Of the three Government vernacular schools one has a seven years' course and includes a Normal department. is also a normal school for women teachers and a normal school on the mainland which aims at providing vernacular teachers for rural schools.

GRANT-IN-AID AND SUBSIDIZED SCHOOLS.

5. There are fifteen Grant-in-Aid English Schools, and four Grant-in-Aid Vernacular Schools. Of the former, seven are schools for boys and eight are for girls.

6. One English school for girls has a primary department only, and one an infant department only. The remaining schools classed in the table below as "secondary" schools have primary departments as well as the upper classes.

7. Munsang College, Kowloon City, received a grant of $6,000.

28

8. The vernacular Grant-in-Aid Schools are schools for girls and are classed in the Table as "secondary" schools.

9. The 294 subsidized schools are all vernacular schools.

UNAIDED SCHOOLS.

10. In 1936 there were 661 unaided vernacular schools with 40,323 children and 128 unaided English schools with 5,963 children.

Table showing number of schools and scholars for the year 1936.

GRANT-IN-AID

GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.

AND SUBSIDIZED SCHOOLS.

UNAIDED SCHOOLS.

CLASS OF INSTITUTIONS.

No. of Institu-

No. of

No. of

On

On

Institu-

Institu-

Roll.

Roll.

On Roll.

tions.

tions.

tions.

ENGLISH :-

•

Secondary,

4

2,238

14

6,785

6

893

Primary,

11

1,843

2

243

115

4,695

1

Vocational,

2

907

7

375

Total,

17

4,988

16 7,028

128

5,963

VERNACULAR :—~

Secondary,

1

247

4

964

Primary,

}

294 19,955

660

40,022

Vocational,

2

211

1

301

Total,

3

458.

298 20,919

661 40,323

*

Total No. of Institutions

1,123

Total on Roll

79,679

N.B.-Kindergarten boys attending Grant-in-Aid Schools for girls are

not shown separately.

THE UNIVERSITY

11. The University of Hong Kong was incorporated under a local University Ordinance, 1911, and opened in 1912. It is a residential University and open to students of both sexes.

29

12. The University hostels are three in number-Lugard Hall, Eliot Hall and May Hall. There are also three recognized hostels for men, St. John's Hall, Morrison Hall and Ricci Hall, and one-St. Stephen's Hall for women. No university hostel at present exists for women students.

13. The late Sir Hormusjee Mody bore the entire expense of the erection of the main building. Additions have been made through the liberality of benefactors of varied nationality and domicile. The latest additions to the buildings are a School of Chinese Studies, the cost of which was borne by Mr. Tang Chi Ngong a local Chinese merchant and banker, and a Chinese Library named after the late Mr. Fung Ping Shan who provided a sum of $100,000 for the building and $50,000 as an endow- ment fund for its maintenance; also a School of Surgery and a new Engineering Laboratory named after H.E. the Governor, Sir William Peel. During 1936 a first class gymnasium was added to the University buildings. The entire cost of this build- ing and its equipment was the generous gift of Mr. Eu Tong Sen, one of the leading Chinese in the Colony.

14. The income of the University for 1986 amounted to $891,714 of which $369,260 was derived from endowments and $350,000 from Government. Messrs. John Swire & Sons, Ltd., gave £40,000 to the original endowment fund and subsequently $100,000 for engineering equipment. The Rockfeller Institute has endowed the University with three chairs in surgery, medicine and obstetrics, the endowment being in each case $250,000. The annual expenditure in 1936 amounted to about $849,663.

15. The University includes the three faculties of Medicine, Engineering and Arts. Admission to all faculties is conditional upon passing the matriculation examination of the University or some examination recognized as equivalent thereto.

16. The Faculty of Medicine provides a six year course of study in the usual pre-inedical and medical sciences, leading to the degree of M.B. and B.S. The degrees of M.D. and M.S. are awarded on examinations but are subject to the proviso that every candidate for the degrees shall produce evidence of special post-graduate experience in the subject which he presents. The degrees above mentioned are recognized by the General Medical - Council for registration in Great Britain.

17. The Faculty of Engineering provides a four years course in practical and theoretical engineering, leading to the degree of B.Sc., (Eng.) Fourth year students specialize in civil, mechanical or electrical engineering. The degree for post- graduate work is that of M.Sc., (Eng.).

18. The Faculty of Arts includes departments of pure arts and science, social science, commerce, a department of Chinese studies and a department for training teachers. The course is in all cases one of four years and leads to the degree of B.A. The degree for post-graduate work is that of M.A.

•

i

30

"

19. With a view to securing the maintenance of the desired standard-which is in all three faculties that of a British University degree-external examiners are, in all faculties associated with the internal examiners in all annual final examinations. In the Faculty of Engineering, but not in other faculties, degrees with honours are granted, the standard being assessed by special examiners chosen from amongst the external examiners in the University of London.

20. The degree of LL.D. is granted honoris causa.

CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS.

21. The following are the best known Charitable Institutions.

French Convent Orphanage.

Italian Convent Orphanage. Maryknoll Convent, Kowloon.

St. Louis Industrial School.

Po Leung Kuk-Chinese.

Victoria Home and Orphanage.

Society of Precious Blood Hospital.

Industrial Home for the Blind, Pokfulam.

Home for Aged Poor, Kowloon.

La Calvaire Home for Aged Poor, Happy Valley.

Eyre Refuge.

Salvation Army Home.

Industrial School, Aberdeen.

RECREATION AND ART.

22. Most of the schools contrive to hold annual sports either on their own grounds or on grounds generously lent by local cricket and football clubs. Lawn tennis, football, swim- ming, volley ball and basket ball continue to increase in popularity. Cricket is played at a few schools. Physical train- ing is given by qualified instructors. Art is taught in the Government British schools by trained art mistresses.

Chapter X.

COMMUNICATION AND TRANSPORT.

The external communications.. of Hong Kong are excellent both by sea and by telegraph, cable and radio. As regards the former, the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Co., the

30

"

19. With a view to securing the maintenance of the desired standard-which is in all three faculties that of a British University degree-external examiners are, in all faculties associated with the internal examiners in all annual final examinations. In the Faculty of Engineering, but not in other faculties, degrees with honours are granted, the standard being assessed by special examiners chosen from amongst the external examiners in the University of London.

20. The degree of LL.D. is granted honoris causa.

CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS.

21. The following are the best known Charitable Institutions.

French Convent Orphanage.

Italian Convent Orphanage. Maryknoll Convent, Kowloon.

St. Louis Industrial School.

Po Leung Kuk-Chinese.

Victoria Home and Orphanage.

Society of Precious Blood Hospital.

Industrial Home for the Blind, Pokfulam.

Home for Aged Poor, Kowloon.

La Calvaire Home for Aged Poor, Happy Valley.

Eyre Refuge.

Salvation Army Home.

Industrial School, Aberdeen.

RECREATION AND ART.

22. Most of the schools contrive to hold annual sports either on their own grounds or on grounds generously lent by local cricket and football clubs. Lawn tennis, football, swim- ming, volley ball and basket ball continue to increase in popularity. Cricket is played at a few schools. Physical train- ing is given by qualified instructors. Art is taught in the Government British schools by trained art mistresses.

Chapter X.

COMMUNICATION AND TRANSPORT.

The external communications.. of Hong Kong are excellent both by sea and by telegraph, cable and radio. As regards the former, the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Co., the

31

Nippon Yusen Kaisha, the Blue Funnel Line, the Messageries Maritimes, and several other British and foreign companies maintain regular passenger and freight services between Hong Kong and Europe. The trans-Pacific communications are well served by the Canadian Pacific Steamship Ltd., the Dollar Line, the Nippon Yusen Kaisha, and other steamship lines. To Australia three steamship companies, the Eastern and Aus- tralian, Nippon Yusen Kaisha, and Australian and Oriental maintain regular passenger and freight services. In addition there are direct sailings to Africa, South America, and to New York. There is frequent and regular communication between Hong Kong and other Far Eastern ports in India, Java, Straits Settlements, Formosa, Indo-China, Japan and the China coast. Local steamship communication is by river steamer from Hong Kong to Canton and the West River ports with several sailings daily. In addition there is a vast traffic between Hong Kong and the adjacent provinces of China by junk and

sampan.

2. The total shipping entering and clearing. Ports in the Colony during the year 1936 amounted to 83,571 vessels of 41,731,016 tons which, compared with the figures for 1935 shows a decrease of 11,084 vessels and 1,742,963 tons. Of the above, 40,626 vessels of 40,063,663 tons were engaged in Foreign Trade as compared with 45,553 vessels of 41,487,477 tons in 1935. There was a decrease in British Ocean-going shipping of 476 vessels and 567,247 tons. Foreign Ocean-Going vessels show a decrease of 438 vessels and 169,658 tons. British River Steamers show a decrease of 1,157 vessels and 772,460 tons. Foreign River Steamers show an increase of 508 vessels and 268,521 tons. In Steamships not exceeding 60 tons employed in Foreign Trade there was a decrease of 614 vessels with a decrease in tonnage of 16,393 tons. Junks in Foreign Trade show a decrease of 2,750 vessels with a decrease in tonnage of 166,577 tons. In Local Trade (i.e., between places within the waters of the Colony), there was a decrease in Steam launches of 1,859 vessels with a decrease in tonnage of 92.759 tons. Junks in Local Trade show a decrease of 4,298 vessels, with a decrease in tonnage of 225,390 tons.

3. The Eastern Extension Australasia and China Telegraph Company (British) by means of three cables to Singapore, one direct and one each via Labuan and Cape St. James respectively, provides good connections with Europe via India, with Austra- lasia, and with the other British Colonies and Possessions. By their cable to Manila connection is made with the direct Ameri- can cable, thence to San Francisco. Two cables to Shanghai, belonging respectively to the Eastern Extension and to the Great Northern (Danish) Companies, via Foochow and Amoy respec- tively, give a good connection with Shanghai, North China, Japan and Russia; the system of the Great Northern Telegraph Company gives a good service to Europe via Asiatic Russia.

32

4. The Government operates commercial radio services with direct communication to the Chinese stations, Shanghai, Foochow, Amoy, Swatow, Canton, Yunnanfu, Hoihow, to. Formosa, French Indo-China, Siam, Philippines, Dutch East Indies, British North Borneo, via Manila to Europe, America, etc. and via Malabar to Australasia, Europe etc.

5. The revenue collected by the Radio Office during the year from radio telegrams amounted to $676,546, an increase of $75,710 on the amount collected in 1935. Advices of vessels signalled at the Lighthouses yielded $1,517. The total Revenue from the telegraph service amounted to $678,063. Ship Station Licences yielded $1,638, Amateur Transmission Station Licences $300, Broadcast Receiving Licences $66,756, Dealers' Licences $2,675 and Examination Fee for Operators' Certificates of Proficiency $975, Limited Licences $450.

6. The number of paid radio-telegrams forwarded during the year was 167,883 consisting of 1,630,029 words against 202,196 consisting of 1,829,519 words in 1935 and 194,973 were received, consisting of 2,112,835 words against 204,155 consisting of 2,225,364 words.

7. In addition to the paid traffic figures given above the wireless Service is responsible for the reception of time signals daily from Bordeaux, Rugby, Malabar and Nauen, for the transmission of time signals to ships in the China Sea, the reception of press messages amounting to 588 messages or 382,839 words from Rugby, the collection and distribution of meteorological traffic, 5,522 messages 421,409 words having been forwarded, and 11,995 messages 561,255 words having been received, the reception and dissemination of distress, piracy and navigation messages, the transmission and reception of Govern- ment messages, etc.

8. A telephone service between Hong Kong and Canton, a distance of 110 miles, is in operation.

9. Mails. The number of mail receptacles of Hong Kong origin despatched during the year was 41,681 as compared with 45,318 in 1935-a decrease of 3,637, the number received was 48,672 as compared with 47,759-an increase of 913.

10. Receptacles in transit, including those to and from British and Foreign Men-of-War, numbered 146,126 as against 209,157 in 1935 a decrease of 63,031.

11. Registered Articles and Parcels.-The number of regis- tered articles handled amounted to 660,866 as compared with 683,676 in 1935-a decrease of 22,810.

12. The figures for insured letters were 12,540 and 14,580. respectively a decrease of 2,040.

34

J

21. There are 377 miles of roads in the Colony, 161 miles on the Island of Hong Kong and 216 miles in Kowloon and the New Territories. Of the total mileage 293 miles are constructed in water bound macadam dressed with asphalt, 12 miles in sheet asphalt on a cement concrete foundation, 13 miles of tar macadam, 17 miles of concrete, 3 miles of granite setts and wooden blocks on a cement concrete foundation and 39 miles of earth roads.

22. The public travelling over the Colony's roads increases yearly with a corresponding growth in the number of motor buses, of which there are 84 operating on the island of Hong Kong, and 101 on the mainland. These are gradually replacing the rickshas, the number of which decreases year by year.

23. The Hong Kong Tramway Company has a fleet of 91 double deck train cars running along the sea front of Victoria from Kennedy Town to Shaukiwan.

24. Communication between the island and the mainland is maintained by a number of ferry services; the most important of which are the Star Ferry between Kowloon Point and a pier near the General Post Office, and the combined vehicular and passenger service of the Hong Kong and Yaumati Ferry Company between Jordan Road, Kowloon and Jubilee Street, Victoria.

Chapter XI.

BANKING, CURRENCY, WEIGHTS & MEASURES.

The Colony is well served by banking institutions. There are fourteen principal banks doing business in the Colony which are members of the Clearing House, and in addition several Chinese Banks and many native Hongs do some banking business. There are no banks which devote themselves specially to agricultural and co-operative banking. The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation also conducts the business of the Hong Kong Savings Bank, on usual savings bank principles. The credit and repute of the Colony's financial institutions are high and it is satisfactory to know that ample encouragement and support are available to finance any possible demand.

2. The Currency of the Colony which had been hitherto based on silver and governed by the Order in Council of 2nd February, 1895, underwent some very important changes towards the end of 1935. Prior to that time it was, like that of China, on a silver basis. The unit of currency is the Hong Kong dollar, divided into 100 cents. The standard coin was the silver British dollar and the exchange value of the Hong Kong dollar, subject to rather wide variations, from time to time, the reasons for which are discussed in the Report of the Hong Kong Currency

36

3. The weights and measures in use in the Colony are defined in the Schedule to Ordinance No. 2 of 1885. They consist of the standards in use in the United Kingdom and of the following Chinese Weights and Measures :-

and

1 fan (candareen) 0.0133 ounces avoirdupois.

1 tsin (mace).133 ounces avoirdupois.

1 leung (tael)=1.33 ounces avoirdupois.

1 kan (catty)=1.33 pounds avoirdupois.

1 tam (picul)=133.33 pounds avoirdupois.

1 chek (foot)=143 English inches divided into 10 tsün (inches) and each tsun into ten fan or tenths.

Chapter XII.

PUBLIC WORKS.

During the year under review the operations of the Public Works Department were carried out, under a Head Office Staff, by eleven sub-departments, namely the Accounts and Stores, Architectural, Buildings Ordinance, Crown Lands and Surveys, Drainage, Electrical, Port Development, Roads and Transport, Valuations and Resumptions, Waterworks Construction and Waterworks Maintenance offices.

2. The European staff comprised 150 officers and the non- European approximately 641.

3. The following is a summary of works carried out during the year:

BUILDINGS.

4. Works completed were:-Gaol at Stanley and its Staff Quarters; Trade School; Magistracy at Kowloon; Market at Tsun Wan; Latrine at Lockhart Road; Kiosk for the Hong Kong Travel Association; Improvements at the Peak School and addi- tional cells at Taipo Police Station.

5. Works under construction were:-Queen Mary Hospital and its Staff Quarters; Wanchai Market; Police Station at Ta Ku Ling and Barricades to Police Stations in the New Territories.

6. In addition to general maintenance numerous minor alterations, improvements and additions were executed to Government Buildings during the year.

37

COMMUNICATIONS.

7. Works completed were:-King's Road from North Point House to Causeway Bay; formation of road adjoining Inland Lots Nos. 3685 and 3686 Blue Pool Road, Wong Nei Chong; widening of the entrance to Tytam Road; access road to new cemeteries area, north and east of Hammer Hill; road between 3 and 4 miles on the Fanling-Shataukok Road and between Nam Sha Po and Gill's cutting on the Taipo Market-Fanling Road was strengthened and improved; streets in Taipo Market and Un Long were surfaced, kerbed and channelled in front of new houses; access road to new Central British School and Branch Road from access road to Shek Lai Pui Filters.

8. Works under construction were:widening of road from Kennedy Road to the Military Hospital, Bowen Road; improve- ments to Sha Tin Pass Road; widening of road from Au Tau to Kam Tin; new 20 feet road from Kam Tin to Shek Kong; Smuggler's Pass Road; Sai Kung Road round new Flight Gap, Kai Tak and roads, on Kowloon Inland Lot No. 2657.

DRAINAGE.

9. New main sewers and storm water drains to a length of 2,655 feet, open rubble-walled nullahs to a length of 485 feet, a portion of which was covered for a length of 102 feet were constructed in Hong Kong. A further length of single nullah wall with concrete invert was built for a length of 93 feet. Open channels of varying sections were laid for a length of 547 feet. In Kowloon, New Kowloon and New Territories, new main sewers and storm water drains to a length of 570 feet were constructed. A length of 2,000 feet of 3′′ thick cement concrete was laid as inverting for an open cut.

10. Anti-Malarial work in Hong Kong was continued throughout the year at Mount Parker. The work was chiefly confined to "making good" and improvements to prevent storm damage arising in the main valley. The work extended over a length of approximately 1,800 feet. The contract which had been in force since May 1932 was closed in December. At Kowloon Tong, the work was terminated early in the year and the contract closed. No work was undertaken during the latter part of the year.

WATER WORKS.

11. On the maintenance side the following works were carried out:

12. In Hong Kong the following lengths of new mains were laid to improve distribution:-3,166 feet of 4′′, 2,133 feet of 3" and 4,551 feet of 2". 1,103 feet of subsidiary mains were laid in back lanes.

3.8

13. The Middle Gap and Mt. Cameron Sections of the Eastern Pumping Scheme were completed and put into use in April. A distribution system from Middle Gap Service Reservoir was provided by laying 2,658 feet of 3′′ and 2,654 feet of 2′′ piping.

14. The new scheme commenced in 1935 to supply filtered water to the Stanley District was completed, except for a few minor fittings in the Pressure Filters erected at Tytam Tuk Pumping Station. The two concrete service reservoirs, one at Stanley Mound and the other near the New Gaol, were com- pleted, tested and put into use in July with unfiltered water.

15. The following lengths of piping were laid: -397 feet of 6", 8,056 feet of 5′′, 592 feet of 4′′ and 1,767 feet of 3′′.

16. A scheme to supply filtered water to the Queen Mary - Hospital was completed during the year. A pipe line 8,551 feet long was laid from the existing 750-foot level service reservoir near Po Shan Road to a new service reservoir above the Hospital site. This reservoir has a capacity of 102,000 gallons and a top water level of 675 feet A.O.D. 762 feet of 4′′ and 1,050 feet of 3" piping were laid for the distribution system and fire service from the service reservoir to the Hospital and Quarters.

17. In Kowloon and New Kowloon the following lengths of mains were laid 2,550 feet of 12", 335 feet of 10", 544 feet of 6", 982 feet of 4′′, 832 feet of 3′′, 340 feet of 2" and 70 feet of 11". In addition 3,858 feet of subsidiary mains were laid in back lanes.

18. In the New Territories mains were aid as follows: 515 feet of 4" and 390 feet of subsidiary main at Taipo, 140 feet of 3" main at Un Long and 413 feet of 2" main at Tsun Wan.

19. The pathway over the spillway of the Kowloon Reservoir was demolished and replaced by a reinforced concrete decking.

20. On the construction side the following works were carried out:-

21. Two roller sluice gates, to byepass the discharge of Tytam Tuk Catchwaters when Tytam Tuk Reservoir is full, were erected and a byepass channel to divert the above dis- charge was constructed.

22. A commencement was made with the laying of the second 24′′ diameter trunk main for the Shing Mun Valley Scheme. The pipes, which were made locally from British steel, were all delivered during the year and comprised 12,837 lineal feet of heavy section and 3,449 lineal feet of light section. The laying of 12,050 lineal feet of the heavy section was prac- tically completed during the year.

39

23. The third section of the filters for the Shing Mun Valley Scheme was commenced. This comprises a rapid gravity plant of a daily capacity of five million gallons supplied by the Paterson Engineering Company, Limited. Delivery of the plant was made in Hong Kong during the year. A contract for the construction was let in April and by the end of the year half the work was completed.

RECLAMATIONS.

24. At North Point, a length of sea wall extending 890 feet eastwards from M. L. 431 was constructed to high water level. The sea wall at Kun Tong was extended 260 feet making a total of 1,150 feet. The dumping of refuse was carried out by the Urban Council within the area protected by the above sea wall; at the end of the year about one acre had been reclaimed by the dumped refuse.

ELECTRICAL WORKS.

25. Wireless:-A new short wave wireless transmitter, a line amplifier for broadcasting, an emergency marine trans- mitter and two new dipole aerials were installed at Cape D'Aguilar. A loud speaker unit and various new aerials were erected at Victoria Peak. Kai Tak Airport W/T Service was equipped for aeronautical services on medium and short waves. A new W/T installation was fitted to No. 1 Police Launch and a new charging apparatus was supplied to Gap Rock Light- house.

26. Two ribbon type microphones and an amplifier were installed in the Broadcasting Studio and control room. Three Marconi recorder bridges were installed and various improve- ments carried out at the Radio Telegraph Office.

27. Under the hospital services a new amplifier was sup- plied to Kowloon Hospital, loud speakers and diffusion points were installed in the Tung Wah Small Pox Hospital, the Govern- ment Civil and Victoria Hospitals.

28. At the Government W/T School one full course and five refresher courses were completed. Current certificates were called in and exchanged for the new type issued under the 1936 Ordinance.

29. Light, power and telephone:-Lights, fans, lifts, tele- phones and bells in Government Buildings were maintained in good order. Extensive submarine cable repairs were carried out in Hong Kong Harbour, Kapsingmun and Island-Waglan. The cable between Tai Kok Tsui and Stonecutters was damaged beyond repair and taken out of commission.

30. Work on new electrical installations in the following places was in hand or completed:-Queen Mary Hospital, Gaol at Stanley, Wanchai Market, Trade School, Kowloon Magistracy,

41

Queen's Road Central; Lower Peak Tram Station and flats, Garden Road; new Methodist Church, Hennessy Road; Central British School, off Argyle Street; extension to St. Mary's School, Austin Road; engineering workshop for China Light and Power Company, Tai Wan Road; block of four Chinese houses, Austin Road; block of six Chinese houses, Lai Chi Kok Road; block of ten Chinese houses, Lai Chi Kok Road; large Chinese residential Hotel, Nathan Road; six houses, European type flats, Nathan Road; four houses, European type flats, Peiho Street; fourteen Chinese houses, Shanghai Street; Public Dispensary, Yee Kuk Street.

36. Occupation permits for 167 Chinese tenement houses, of these eighty-eight were erected in Kowloon and seventy-nine on the Island. Occupation permits were issued for seventy-seven European type houses, of these fifty were erected in Kowloon and twenty-seven in Hong Kong.

37. The number of water flushed sanitary installations approved amounted to 2,078.

38. Twelve fires were reported, none resulting in loss of life, this immunity being traceable very largely to the protection. afforded by buildings of reinforced concrete construction and to the improved form of staircase now called for.

39. Twelve collapses were reported, eight of which occurred as a result of the severe typhoon experienced in the month of August. There were three deaths and ten people were injured as the result of the typhoon collapses and eight persons were killed and seven injured when defective timbers caused the collapse of Nos. 2 to 8 Woo Sung Street. The total casualties for the year numbered twelve killed and eighteen injured.

40. Reclamation by private enterprise of the remaining area of approximately 18,000 square feet of Kowloon Marine Lot No. 97 was completed.

41. The Chinese Cemeteries in Hong Kong, Kowloon and New Kowloon were maintained in good order and provision was made for additional burial areas where required. The new area known as New Kowloon Cemetery No. 7, Customs Pass, is being developed.

Chapter XIII.

JUSTICE AND POLICE.

I. THE COURTS OF HONG KONG.

The Supreme Court of Hong Kong consists of a Chief Justice and one or more other judges. At present there is one Puisne Judge and one other Judge for the purpose of Appeals.

:

2. The jurisdiction of the Court is regulated by a number of Ordinances but generally it may be said that the Court exercises a Summary Jurisdiction in all actions where the claims do not exceed $1,000 and an Original Jurisdiction in all actions where the claims exceed that amount.

3. In addition to the above the Court, exercises Admiralty, Probate, Divorce, Bankruptcy, Lunacy, Criminal and Appellate Jurisdiction.

4. The following is a brief summary of litigation and matters dealt with during the year 1936:

1,753 actions were instituted in the Summary Jurisdiction. and the amounts for which judgments were given totalled. $207,828.40.

236 actions were instituted in the Original Jurisdiction and the amounts for which

which judgments

judgments were

given totalled $993,292.78.

One action was instituted in the Admiralty Jurisdiction.

387 grants were made, or grants of other courts sealed, in the Probate Jurisdiction.

One Petition for Divorce was filed during 1936 and Decree absolute pronounced thereon.

263 persons were indicted in the Criminal Jurisdiction of whom 196 were convicted.

15 appeals were lodged in the Appellate Jurisdiction 12 of which were disposed of during the year.

Three Criminal appeals were lodged and disposed of during the year.

5. The lower civil courts are the land courts in the Northern and Southern districts of the New Territories, with jurisdiction over land cases in those districts, and the small debts courts of the same two districts.. In these courts the District Officers sit to hear land and small debts cases.

6. The lower criminal courts are the magistrates' courts, two for Hong Kong island and a small area on the mainland opposite Shaukiwan, two for Kowloon, including the whole area south of the Kowloon hills, and one each for the two districts of the New Territories, in which the District Officers are the magistrates.

43

7. The following figures show the amount of work done by the lower courts in 1936:-

Civil:

District Officer North,

Land Court

115 cases.

Small Debts Court

100

J

District Officer, South,

Criminal:

Land Court

Small Debts Court

Hong Kong Magistracy, two courts Kowloon Magistracy, two courts

District Officer, North, one court

District Officer, South, one court

II. THE POLICE.

197 cases.

51

J2

37,044 cases.

25,249

1,854

374

>>

8. The Police Force of the Colony is under the control of the Inspector General of Police who is assisted by one Deputy Inspector General and twelve Superintendents. The force con- sists of four Contingents, European, Indian, and two Chinese, viz., Cantonese and Weihaiwei. The strength of the different Contingents is as follows:-

Europeans

Indians

Chinese (Cantonese)

Chinese (Weihaiwei)

266

817

740

287

In addition the Police Department controls the Anti-Piracy Guards, a force consisting of thirty-eight Russians and twenty- seven Indian Guards including three Sergeants together with four European Sergeants and one hundred and twenty-two Wei-hai-wei Chinese Constables, who are included in Police Strength. The Anti- Piracy Guards are employed and paid for by the Shipping Companies for service in the China Seas..

9. Further, the department supervises 506 Indian and Chinese Watchmen who are engaged by the Police Department and paid by private individuals for protection of private property. In addition there are 433 Indian and 8 Japanese Private Watchmen Registered at the Guards Offices.

!

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10. The waters of the Colony are policed by a fleet of ten steam launches and five motor boats which employ a staff of two hundred and fifty-five Chinese under European officers.

11. There were 9,038 serious cases of crime in 1936, as against 6,373 in 1935, an increase of 2,665 or 41%. There was an increase of 17 cases in serious assault, 9 in assault with intent to rob, 36 in burglary, 6 in coinage offences, 97 in deportation, 11 in embezzlement, 72 in house and godown break- ing, 2,355 in larceny, 25 in larceny on ship and wharf, 1 in man- slaughter, 2 in murder, 23 in false pretences, 113 in receiving and 13 in other serious crimes. There was a decrease of 14 cases under the arms ordinance, 4 in intimidation, 3 in kidnapping, 57 in larceny from dwelling, 27 in robbery and 10 in Women and Girls Ordinance offences.

There were 37,549 minor cases during 1936 as against 33,000 in 1935, an increase of 4,549 or 13%.

III.-PRISONS.

12. There are three prisons in the Colony. Victoria Gaol in Hong Kong is the main prison for males. This prison is built on the separate system, but segregation is difficult owing to lack of space and accommodation. It contains cell accom- modation for 644 only and prisoners are often kept in association through unavoidable overcrowding. There is a branch male prison at Lai Chi Kok near Kowloon, with accommodation for 680 prisoners. In this establishment all the prisoners sleep in association wards and only selected prisoners are sent there as the prison was not originally built as such. It was converted from a Quarantine Station in 1920, for temporary use pending the building of a new prison. The third prison is the prison for females situated near the male prison at Lai Chi Kok. A new general prison for males at Stanley, Hong Kong, is nearing completion and will be opened in 1937.

13. The total number of persons committed to prison in the year 1936 was 16,106 as compared with 16,140 in 1935, The daily average number of prisoners in the prisons in 1936 was 1,917. The highest previous average was 1,796 in 1935. Over 87% of prisoners admitted are persons born outside the Colony.

14. The health of the prisoners generally was well main- tained in the prisons.

15. The discipline in all three prisons was good.

16. Prisoners are employed at printing, bookbinding, shoemaking, tinsmithing, matmaking, tailoring, carpentering, weaving, gardening, laundry work, cleaning and minor repairs to buildings. The bulk of the Government printing and book- binding is done in Victoria Gaol.

کیا تجھے ہم ہیں ہیں۔

45

am.com

IV. REMAND HOMES.

17. During the year 277 boys underwent sentences of detention for various crimes at the Remand Home for Juveniles (Boys), not under Prison administration and 87 girls underwent detention at the Remand Home for girls. The boys are given instruction in elementary reading and writing, as well as rattan work, which teaches them a trade. The girls are given employment in house-work, laundry, and making and mending clothes. There are recreation facilities at both Homes.

There are also four Probationer Officers, two males and two females.

Lady visitors attend the Female Prison twice weekly to instruct long sentence prisoners in needle work.

18. Visiting Justices inspect and report on the prisons every fortnight.

Chapter XIV.

LEGISLATION.

Fifty-nine Ordinances were passed during the year 1936. These and also the Regulations, Rules, By-laws and other sub- sidiary legislative enactments are published in a separate volume by the Government Printers. The fifty-nine Ordinances comprised two appropriations, four replacement, one incorpora- tion, two consolidation, thirty-seven amendment and thirteen which were new to the Colony.

2. The Appropriation Ordinance (No. 42) applied a sum not exceeding $25,582,269 to the public service for the year 1937, and Ordinance No. 28 appropriated a supplementary sum of $122,771.15 to defray the charges of the year 1935.

3. Of the four replacement Ordinances the Quarantine and Prevention of Disease Ordinance (No. 7) followed more closely than the corresponding 1935 Ordinance which it replaced the lines indicated in the Articles of the International Sanitary Convention, 1926 and of the International Sanitary Convention for Aerial Navigation, 1933. The Deportation (British Subjects) Ordinance (No. 16) regulated the deportation of undesirable British Subjects forming a counterpart to the Deportation of Aliens Ordinance (No. 39), 1935. Previous to 1935 deportation, whether of British Subjects or of aliens, was regulated by a general deportation Ordinance. The Pleasure Grounds and Bathing Places Regulation Ordinance (No. 29) replaced the Public Places Regulation Ordinance, 1870 and the Chinese Recreation Ground Ordinance, 1923 providing for a better system of control. The Ordinances and Regulations of Hong Kong

46

(1937 edition) Ordinance (No. 51) provided for a revised edition of the Ordinances and apart from certain modifications was similar to the previous revision Ordinance.

4. Ordinance No. 41 provided for the incorporation of the Superioress in Hong Kong of the Congregation of the Sisters of the Precious Blood. The Ordinance followed the usual lines in such cases.

5. The Asylums Ordinance (No. 22) consolidated and to some extent amended the existing Asylums Ordinances. The Telecommunication Ordinance (No. 18) consolidated amended the existing law on the subject.

and

6. The thirty-seven Amending Ordinances covered a wide range of subjects, viz.-Police Force (No. 2) Pensions (No. 3, 27, 34 and 53), Gambling (No. 5), Coinage Offences (No. 6 and 43), Magistrates (No. 8), Bills of Exchange and Falsification of Documents Amendment (No. 9), Liquors (No. 2), Summary Offences (No. 13 and 35), Stonecutters Island (No. 14), Com- panies (No. 15), Buildings (No. 19 and 58), Midwives (No. 21 and 49), Female Domestic Service (No. 23), Marriage (No. 24),. Protection of Women and Girls (No. 25), Estate Duty (No. 26), Factories and Workshops (No. 30), Jury (No. 31), Crown Rights (Re-entry) (No. 32), Stamp (No. 36), Public Health (Sanitation) (No. 37), Public Health (Animals and Birds) (No. 38), Public Health (Food) (No. 39), Currency (No. 44 and 57), Stamp Duties Management (No. 45), Merchant Shipping (No. 47), Defences (Firing Areas) (No. 50), Cremation (No. 52), Quaran- tine and Prevention of Disease (No. 54).

7. The Ordinances new to the Colony were the Defences (Firing Areas) Ordinance (No. 1), Crown Rents (Apportionment) (No. 4), Married Women (No. 10), Tortfeasors (No. 11), Hong Kong Government Service (Levy on Salaries) (No. 17), Counter- feit Currency (Convention) (No. 20), Cane for Birch Substitution (No. 33), Public Reclamations Validation and Clauses (No. 40), Director of Medical and Sanitary Services (Change of Name) (No. 46), Nursing and Maternity Homes Registration (No. 48), Lighting Control (No. 55), Wild Animals Protection (No. 56), and Coronation Souvenirs (No. 59).

The subject matter of Ordinances Nos. 17, 33, 46, 48, 49. and 56 is self-evident from the short titles. Of the remainder No. 1 regulated practice firing so as to ensure the safety of shipping and of all persons who might be affected thereby; No. 4 provided for the payment of Crown rents by section owners of lots; Nos. 10 and 11 followed the lines of Part 1 and Part 6 respectively of the Law Reform (Married Women and Tortfeasors) Act, 1935; No. 20 gave effect to the terms of an Agreement reached at an International Convention for the sup- pression of Counterfeiting Currency, 1929; No. 40 validated certain undertakings on unleased Crown foreshores and sea beds,

47

and enacted certain provisions deemed to be incorporated in future Ordinances regulating similar undertakings; No. 55 pro- vided for the control of lighting by the Governor in Council on occasions of emergency or by way of experiment; No. 59 prohibited the sale before the 1st June, 1937, of Coronation Souvenirs without a clear indication of their origin.

8. The subsidiary legislation covered a wide range of sub- jects including:-Supreme Court, Marriage, Evidence, Protec- tion of Women and Girls, Vagrancy, Merchant Shipping, Rating, Rope Company's Tramway, Midwives, New Territories Regula- tion, University, Holiday, Vehicle and Traffic Regulation, Asiatic Emigration, Boarding-House, Importation and Exportation, Ferries, Societies, Plants, Registration of Imports and Exports, Wild Birds, Rating (Refunds), Post Office, Public Revenue Protection, Dogs, Watchanen, Motor Spirit, Liquors, Tobacco, Opium, Pensions, Factories and Workshops, Police Force, Prisons, Companies, Volunteer, Mercantile Marine Assistance Fund, Miscellaneous Licences, Naval Volunteer, Adulterated Food and Drugs, Public-Health (Food, Sanitation and Animals and Birds), Buildings, Hawkers, Official Signatures Fees, Deportation of Aliens, Quarantine and Prevention of Disease, Hong Kong Government Service (Levy on Salaries), Telecom- munication, Pleasure Grounds and Bathing Places and Air Navigation.

Chapter XV.

PUBLIC FINANCE & TAXATION.

The following tables show the Revenue and Expenditure for the five years 1932 to 1936 inclusive.

Revenue. Expenditure. Surplus. Deficit.

$33,549,716 $32,050,283 $1,499,433

32,099,278. 31,122,715 976,563

29,574,286 31,149,156

1932

1933

1934

$1,574,870

1935

28,430,550

28,291,636

138,914

7

1936

30,042,984 29,513,520

529,464

2. The revenue for the year 1936 amounted to $30,042,984, being $3,371,139 more than estimated, and $1,612,434 more than the revenue obtained in 1935. Owing to lower exchange the revenue included an item of $161,505.48 being the profit in dollars on the realization of sterling securities.

*

:

:

·

48

3. Duties on imported liquor and tobacco were considerably. more than estimated on account of an increase in the tariff which became effective on 1st April, 1936. Duty on locally manufactured liquor, however, showed a a decrease of some' $60,000; the net increase being $1,593,672. Light Dues which are on a sterling basis were greater than estimated by $118,928 owing to lower exchange. Assessed Taxes were also greater than the estimate by $169,353 as vacant tenements were fewer and a further sign of the improvement in trade conditions is shown in an increase in Stamp Duties of $236,943 and in Water Excess Supply and Meter Rents of $272,519. Two large estates were the main causes of an increase in Estate Duty of $352,890. Receipts from the Post Office also showed an increase of $268,886 due to higher rates of postage and to expansion of the air mail services.

The trade depression which shows some signs of passing was still reflected in 1936 in a reduction of $56,823 in Liquor Licence fees and of $74,970 in Pawnbrokers Licences.

Receipts from the Kowloon-Canton Railway were also $77,530 lower than estimated due to competition by river and by road and to a decline in traffic to Sham Chun.

4. The expenditure for the year 1936 amounted to $29,513,520 being $84,628 less than estimated and $1,221,884 more than the expenditure in 1935.

5. Ordinary expenditure amounted to $26,460,621, Public Works Extraordinary to $3,052,900. Personal Emoluments amounted to $11,779,501 being $321,680 in excess of the estimated figure of $11,457,821 due to lower exchange; the excess would, however, have been greater by at least $1,144,000 - but for the operation of the Levy on Salaries Ordinance No. 17 of 1936.

Other Charges amounted to $3,742,653 being $361,288 less than estimated.

6. Debt.-The public debt of the Colony consists of two The 4% Conversion Loan raised in 1933 amounting to $4,838,000, the Sinking Fund of which, established in 1934, amounted on 31st December, 1936, to £42,836.14.11. Secondly the 34% Dollar Loan raised in July, 1934. Bonds to the amount of $14,000,000 were issued at 99% producing $13,860,000. This loan is redeemable by drawings at par in each of the twenty-five years commencing in 1935 at the annual rate of one twenty-fifth of such issue. During each of the years 1935 and 1936 $560,000 was so redeemed thus reducing the amount outstanding to $12,880,000. Ordinance No. 11 of 1934 governs this issue and authorises the Governor to borrow up to a total of $25,000,000. The total public debt of the Colony on 31st December, 1936, amounted to $17,718,000 equal to about 7 months revenue as things are at present.

49

7. The Assets and Liabilities of the Colony on the 31st December, 1936, are shewn in the following statement:-

LIABILITIES.

ASSETS.

DEPOSITS:

ADVANCES:

Contractors and

Miscellaneous

74,445.46

Officers Deposits.....

470,847.00

Pending Re-im-

Insurances Com-

bursements from

panies

1,633,973.92

future loan

9,206,268.63

Miscellaneous De-

posits

Building Loans

846,060.70

1,640,994.15

Imprest Account

59,420.17

Account

House Service ·

Government House

and City Develop-. ment Fund

27,510.50 Subsidiary Coin

145,625.00

Note Issue Account.

2,300,000.00

839,704.12 Trade Loan Out-

standing

298,800.00

Suspense Account

9,282.33

Nickel Coinage

Exchange Adjust-

Account

1,379,999.50

ment

23,301.03

Unallocated Stores,

Trade Loan Reserve.

837,313.59 (P.W.D.)

529,595.63

Praya

East Re-

clamation

111,547.17

Unallocated Stores,

(Railway)

123,461.94

Coal Account

5,273.69 Cash Balance:---

Note Security Fund.

2,169,608.31

Treasurer

2,596,687.54

*Joint Colonial Fund

1,516,638.66

Nickel Coinage

Security Fund

1,203,682.12

Fixed Deposits:—

Crown Agents Over-

draft

857.68

General ..$1,050,000.00 Insurance

Total Liabilities. 8,973,895.61

Excess of Assets

over Liabilities

Companies 1,633 973.92 Miscellaneous 130,050.75

2,814,024.67

12,917,132.29

Total...... $ 21,891,027.90

Total.........$ 21,891,027.90

Joint Colonial Fund £94,000 Os. Od.

2

►

:

50-

8. Main Heads of Taxation.-The largest item of revenue is derived from the assessment tax, the sum of $5,976,160 being collected in 1936. This represents 19.89% of the total revenue or 20.07% of the revenue exclusive of land sales. The rates vary from 15% to 17% on the annual value of property and are for police, lighting and water services, etc. Port and Harbour Dues comprising Light Dues and Buoy Dues brought in the sum of $638,284.

9. Duties on intoxicating liquors realized $2,080,765, tobacco $4,066,519, postage stamps and message fees $2,058,886. A considerable sum is also derived from the opium monopoly, land revenue, stamp duties including estate duties and other fees. Land Sales during the year realized $269,230. The receipts of the Kowloon-Canton Railway which was completed in 1910 amounted to $1,245,469.

10. Customs Tariff.-There is an import tariff on all liquor, tobacco and light oils imported into the Colony for sale or use therein. There is no export tariff. The sale of opium is a Government Monopoly, and all importation of opium other than by the Government is prohibited. The importation of Dangerous Drugs is regulated in accordance with the terms of the Geneva Convention. Arms, ammunition, explosives and dangerous goods are subject to the normal Harbour and Police Regulations in regard to storage and movement. A special Foreign Registra- tion fee of 20% of the value of a motor vehicle is payable in respect of any vehicle not produced within the British Empire.

11. The duties on imported liquor range from $0.80 per gallon on beer to $1.50 on Chinese liquor and to $13 on sparkling European wines. A 50% reduction in duty is allowed in respect of brandy grown or produced within the British Empire.

12. The duties on tobacco range from $0.90 per lb. on the lowest taxed unmanufactured tobacco to $2.60 per lb. on cigars. A reduction in duty is allowed to tobacco of Empire origin and/or of Empire manufacture.

13. A duty of 30 cents per gallon is payable on all light oils imported into the Colony.

14. Excise and Stamp Duties.-A reduction in duty is allowed on beer and Chinese type spirits manufactured in the Colony.

15. Stamp Duties are imposed on various instruments and where a consideration is involved are mainly ad valorem. The following are examples of the duties charged:-Affidavits, Statu- tory Declaration, etc., $3; Bills of Exchange (inward) and Cheques, 10 cents; Bills of Lading, 15 cents when freight under $5, 40 cents when freight $5 or over; Bond to secure the pay- ment or repayment of money, 20 cents for every $100 or part

:

51

thereof; Conveyance on sale, $1 for every $100 or part thereof; Mortgages, principal security, 20 cents for every $100 or part thereof; Life Insurance Policy, 25 cents for every $1,000 insured; Receipts, 10 cents for amounts over $20; Transfer of Shares, 20 cents for every $100 of market value.

16. No Hut Tax or Poll Tax is imposed in the Colony.

;

R. A. C. NORTH,

Colonial Secretary.

?

:

:

52-

Appendix.

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF GENERAL INTEREST RELATING TO

HONG KONG.

*

TITLE.

PRICE.

AGENTS FOR SALE.

$

Sessional Papers (Annual)

Blue Book (Annual)

Ordinances-Ball's Revised Edit- ion (In 6 Volumes) 1844-1923

Regulations of Hong Kong 1844-

1925

Ordinances and Regulations

(Annual)

Administration Reports (Annual)

Estimates (Annual)

Government Gazettes (Weekly):

Meteorological Bulletin (Month-

ly)

Hong Kong Trade and Shipping

Returns (Monthly)

Do. (Annual)

Hansards (Annual)

Historical & Statistical Abstract of the Colony of Hong Kong 1841-1930

The

Kong Naturalist

Hong Kong (Quarterly)

2.00 Colonial Secretariat and

Government Printers.

3.00 Colonial Secretariat, Govern- ment Printers and Crown Agents for the Colonies, London.

Do.

90.00

30.00 Colonial Secretariat.

3.00 Colonial Secretariat, Govern- ment Printers and Crown Agents.

5.00 Colonial Secretariat.

3.00 Government Printers.

50 Government Printers Crown Agents.

10.00 Government Printers.

per

annum

and

2.00 Government Printers and

Crown Agents.

2.00

Do.

5.00 South China Morning Post,

Hong Kong.

4.00 Colonial Secretariat.

2.00 Hong Kong University.

53

Appendix,-Continued.

TITLE.

PRICE.

AGENTS FOR SALE.

$

Hong Kong: A Guide Book.....

Hong Kong: Around and About,

by S. H. Peplow & M. Barker..

Echoes of Hong Kong & Beyond

by L. Forster

1.00 Kelly & Walsh, Ltd. and Brewers' Bookshop, Hong

5.00

Kong.

Do.

1.50

Do.

Hong Kong-the Riviera of the

Orient

1.00

.10

Do.

Do.

Picturesque Hong Kong

Travellers Map of Hong Kong...

1.25 Brewers' Bookshop.

The Tourist Guide 1936

1.25

Do.

The Dollar Directory 1937

1.00

Do.

A Hong Kong Sketch Book

2.50 Kelly & Walsh, Ltd.

Hilly Hong Kong..

1.00

Do.

Glimpses of Hong Kong

1.00

Do.

Sections on Hong Kong will be found in the annual "China Year Book" published by the North China Daily News and Herald Ltd., Shanghai (London Agents Simpkin Marshall Ltd.) price $20.00, the annual "Directory and Chronicle of China, Japan etc." published by the Hong Kong Daily Press at Hong Kong, Price $12.00 and obtainable at their London office at 53, Fleet St., for £2, and "Comacrib China & Hong Kong Manual", price $35.00 (Brewers' Bookshop).

7

Appendix A.

HONG KONG.

REPORT ON THE FINANCES FOR THE YEAR 1936.

The Revenue for the year amounted to $30,042,984 and the Expenditure was $29,513,520. Revenue, therefore, exceeded Expenditure by $529,464. The approved estimated Revenue for the year was $26,671,845, while the revised figure was $28,415,970, an increase of $1,744,125. The actual receipts exceeded the revised figure by a further $1,627,014. The approved estimate of expenditure for the year was shown as $29,598,148 and the revised estimate was $29,420,000. The actual expenditure was, therefore, $93,520 above the revised estimate, but $84,628 below the original approved estimate.

2. The following statement shows the Revenue and Ex- penditure for each of the years of the last decade:

Year. Revenue.

* Expendi- ture.

Surplus.

Deficit.

$

$

1927.... 21,344,536 20,845,065

1928...... 24,968,399 21,230,242

499,471

3,738,157

1929...... 23,554,475 21,983,257

1,571,218

1930...... 27,818,473 28,119,646

301,173

1931...... 33,146,724 31,160,774 1,985,950

1932..... 33,549,716 32,050,283 1,499,433

1933..... 32,099,278 31,122,715

976,563

1934...... 29,574,286 31,149,156

1,574,870

1935...... 28,430,550 28,291,636

1936....

138,914

30,042,984 29,513,520

529,464

- A 2-

REVENUE.

3. The largest single item of revenue is derived from the Assessed Taxes, the sum of $5,976,160 being collected. This represents 19.89% of the total revenue or 20.07% of the revenue exclusive of land sales.

4. In the following table the actual revenue for the year 1336 is compared with the revenue of the previous year and with the estimate for the year 1936:

Heads of Revenue.

Actual 1935.

Estimates 1936.

Actual

1936.

C.

C.

Daties

5,173,837.40

Port & Harbour Dues

485,607.00

5,335,000 540,000

6,928,672.06 638 284.39

Licences and Internal Revenue

not

otherwise specified

13,781,702,70

12,769,495 | 13,837,182.66

Fees of Court or Office, Payments for specific purposes, and Reimburse-

ments in Aid

2,076,322:24].

2,172,550 2,261,116.21

Post Office

1,759,660.09

1,790,000 2,058,885.99

and Houses

Interest

Kowloon-Canton Railway

Rent of Government Property, Land

Miscellaneous Receipts

Total (exclusive of Land Sales) Land Sales, (Premia on New Leases) ·

Total..

28,430,549,58 26,671,84530,042,983.86

1,411,674.73

1,323,000 1,245,469.16

1,646,595.88

1,651,800

1,632,973.99

248,540.41

200,000

1,601,652:57

588,000

193,291,21 977,877.69

..

28,185,593:02

26,369,84529,773,753.36

244,956:56

302,000

269.230.50

5. The actual revenue exceeded the estimate by $3,371,139, and the anticipated deficit of $2,926,303 was, therefore, turned into a surplus of over $500,000. Increases over the Estimates occurred in Duties $1,593,672, Port and Harbour Dues $98,284, Licences and Internal Revenue $1,067,688, Fees of Court, &c., $88,566, Post Office $268,886, and Miscellaneous Receipts $389,878; but decreases were shown in Kowloon Canton Railway receipts $77,531, Rent of Government Property $18,826, Interest $6,709, and Land Sales $32,769.

The large increase in Duties was mainly due to a revision of the tariff which became effective on 1st April, 1936. Receipts from Tobacco Duty were exceptional during the last quarter of the year, and, as the large withdrawals from bond were made chiefly for manufacture for export, heavy payments of drawback were expected and have in fact been made during the first three months of 1937. These have amounted to over $650,000 and the surplus mentioned above was, therefore, illusory.

A 3-

6. The principal increases over the amounts as estimated were as follows:

Duties.

Estimates. Actual.

Increase.

$

$

Import Duty on Liquor,

800,000

1,140,503 340,503

Increased tariff.

Tobacco

2,800,000 4,066,519 1,266,519

Increased tariff.

Port and Harbour Dues.

Estimates. Actual. Increase.

$

$

Light Dues

400,000 518,928 118,928

Lower exchange.

Licences and Internal Revenue. not otherwise Specified.

Estimatės.

Actual.

Increase.

$

Opium Monopoly

300,000 432,026

132,026

Sale of opium at Singapore

realized $167,727.

Assessed Taxes (Rates)

5,800,000 5,976,160

176,160

Estate Duty

1,000,000 1,352,890

352,890

Two large estates

amounted to $596,518..

Stamp Duties

Improved Trade

Conditions.

Water Excess Supply and

Meter Rents

More metered services.

1,900,000 2,136,943 236,943

1,414,000 1,686,520 272,520

-A #

Fees of Court or Office Payments for Specific Purposes and. Reimbursements in Aid.

Medical Treatment

More patients.

Official Receiver's Commission

Estimates.

Actual.

Increase.

$

80,000 101,996

21,996

20,000

45,695

25,695

Reorganization of Bank of

Canton Ltd.

Slaughter Houses

110,000

123,547

13,547

Increased charges for

slaughtering.

W. & Ü. Pensions

Con-

tributions

338,000 399,488 61,488

Lower exchange.

Post Office.

Estimates.

Actual. Increase.

$

Postage

Increased rates and expansion of air mail services.

$

1,160,000 1,380,823 220,823

Miscellaneous Receipts.

Estimates.

Actual. Increase.

$

Overpayment in previous years

10,000 180,376,170,376

Royalty Payable by China

Motor Bus Co., Ltd.

112,000 124,088

12,088

Realization of Sterling

Securities

161,505 161,505

Profit on realization of Sterling Funds.

Land Sales.'

Estimates. Actual. Increase..

$

Premia on New Leases,

Hong Kong

100,000 170,824 70,824

A 5 -

7. The principal decreases over the amounts as estimated were as follows:

Duties.

Duty on Locally Manufactured

Liquor

Estimates. Actual. Decrease.

$

$

1,000,000 940,262 59,738

Trade depression.

Port & Harbour Dues.

Estimates.

$

Buoy Dues

140,000

Fewer buoys rented.

Actual. Decrease.

$

119,356

$

20,644

Licences and Internal Revenue not otherwise specified.

Estimates.

Actual.

Decrease.

$

$

$

Liquor

370,000

313,176

56,824

Fewer licences.

Pawnbroker Licences

225,000

150,030

74,970

Many Pawnshops closed.

Fees of Court or Office Payments for Specific Purposes, &c.

China Companies

Refunds amounting to $77,777 made in December.

Court

Fewer filings.

Estimates.

$

200,000

Actual. Decrease.

$

$

170,966

29,034

98,000

74,748 23,252

Kowloon-Canton Railway.

$

$

Estimates. Actual. Decrease.

Passenger Service, Passengers,

Home Line

Decline in traffic to Shum Chun.

500,000 412,443 87,557

- A 6

Rent of Government Property, Land & Houses.

Lands not Leased

Fewer permits.

$

Estimates. Actual. Decrease.

295,000 230,964 64,036

Land Sales.

$

Estimates.

Actual. Decrease.

130,000

5,614 124,386

Premia on New Leases,

Kowloon

Estimate not realized.

8. A list of the alterations and additions in General Taxation, Postage Rates and of the increases and adjust- ments in Licence fees and other Receipts during the year 1936 is shown in the following schedule: --

Heads

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From

1.-DUTIES.

Import duty on Liquor:

Liqueurs, champagnes & sparkling wines. $10.00 per gallon

$13.00 per gallon

1st April 1986.

Brandy of British Empire.

3.00

5.00

??

""

""

??

Other countries

6.00

10.00

""

Port, sherry, madeira

4.00

6.00

""

11

Other still wines

3.00

5.00

";

33

>>

Cider & Perry

.60

.80

>>

Beer not exceeding 1055 original gravity

.60

.80

""

exceeding

.01

.02

">

for every

3

degree in excess of 1055 degrees

— A 7 —

..

Head

1.-DUTIES,-(Contd.)

Import duty on Liquor:

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From

.80 per gallon

1st April, 1936.

!

for every

..02

11

· degree in excess of 1045 degrees

(20 degrees)* $.12 per degree in addition to the appropriate duty per gallon

A 8

:00

Other Beers not exceeding 1045 original gravity

.60 per gallon.

Other Beers exceeding 1045 original gravity

.01

"

""

All intoxicating liquors above strength of (*) degrees under proof

.07

degree (18

degrees)*

Chinese spirits not exceeding 24%

Alcohol

1.20

gallon

every 1% excess over

24% Alcohol

.05

>>

Local not exceeding

25% Alcohol

ܙܕ

Other not exceeding

25% Alcohol

Every 1% excess over 25% Alcohol

$1.50 per gallon

1.75

:06

Head

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From

1.—DUTIES,—(Contd.)

Import duty on Liquor:

Japanese sake not exceeding

1.20 per gallon (24%

1.50 per gallon (25%

1st April, 1936.

Alcohol)

Alcohol)

''

every 1% excess

.05

.06

All

spirituous liquors other than

intoxicating liquors

1.20

, (24%

Alcohol)

1.50

All

(25%

Alcohol)

.05

.06

spirituous liquors other than intoxicating liquors every 1% excess

Duty

on intoxicating liquors not specially mentioned at the discre- tion of S.I.E. may be assessed at

Beer if brewed in the Colony

Import duty on Motor Spirit

Import duty on Unmanufactured Tobacco:

Unstripped-Empire Origin

5.00

.80

་་

.25

(10 lbs. or more

per lb.

moisture

100 lbs.)

per

.63

10.00

.70

""

.80

per lb.

.90

14th Sept., 1986.

1st July, 1936.

1st July, 1936.

1st April, 1936.

A 9

.

Head

Old Fees.

Now Fees:

Effective From

1.—DUTIES,—(Contd.)

Import duty on Unmanufactured Tobacco: (10 lbs. or more

moisture per 100lbs.)

Unstripped-Other

.70

1.10

""

1st April, 1936.

-Empire Origin

(under 10

moisture)

lbs.

72

1.00

-Other

.79

>>

72

1.20

Stripped -Empire Origin

(10 lbs. or more

moisture)

.76

-Other

t<ཚ

1.05

.84

1.25

-Empire Origin

(under 10 lbs.

moisture)

.84

1.15

-Other

.93

1.35

Import duty on Manufactured Tobacco:

Cigars -Empire Origin & Manufacture.

Cigarettes-

Other

""

""

1.60

2.00

.81

1.40

.81

1.40

A 10

Head

1.-DUTIES,—(Contd.)

Import duty on Manufactured Tobacco:

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From

- A 11

Cigars

-Empire Origin only

Cigarettes-

1.80

2.30 1st April, 1936.

.90

1.60

Other

.90.

1.60

} }

Cigars

-Other

2.00

.2.60

Cigarettes-Other

.99

1.80

Chinese prepared

.90

1.40

Other varieties including snuff etc.

.99

1.80

3.-LICENCES & INTERNAL REVENUE.

(A) Licences.

Dogs-male

female

$3.00 p.a.

6.00

$6.00 p.a.

12th March, 1936.

10.00

1

Head.

3.-LICENCES AND INTERNAL

REVENUE,―(Contd.) (A) Licences.

Miscellaneous:

D.O.S. area

to sell fresh meat

Tsun Wan

Market area

fish

,, vegetables

Opium Monopoly-Grade 2 opium:-

Vehicles:

་ · ‛ །༑':"-"st

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From

30.00 quarterly 4th Dec., 1936.

30.00

20.00

""

,}

2 mace tube

3.40 each

2.40 each

3rd April, 1936.

2 Candareen tube

.35

.24

for each duplicate licence disc issued

Wireless-Other:

Fixed, Coast, Aeronautical or Aircraft

station licence

Ship station licence

Amateur & private experimental Station licence

1.00

12th June, 1936.

""

1st October, 1936.

To be decided by the Licensing Authority

$25.00 p.a.

20.00

A 12-

Head.

3. LICENCE AND INTERNAL REVENUE,―(Contd.)

(A) Licences.

Broadcasting receiving licence

Dealer's licence

Limited receiving & Publishing Radio

station licence

Radio distribution station licence

Examination fee

for operators

or

watchers certificates of proficiency:-

First class

Second class

Second class (Far East zonel Special class

Telephony "General"

Watchers

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From.

$12.00 p.a.

50.00

}

600.00

To be decided by the Licensing Authority

$30.00

20.00

10.00

5.00

A 13

ידי

اللمس

·A 14.

Head.

3.-LICENCE AND INTERNAL REVENUE,~(Contd.)

(A) Licences.

For each duplicate licence or revision of . the particulars, etc. of a licence (other than change of address)

For each duplicate certificate issued

(B) Internal Revenue.

Assessed Taxes-Refunds of Rates

Old Fees.

New Fees.

1.00

To be decided by the Licensing Authority

Concession to owners who elect to have rates for vacant tenements funded by floors.

re-

Effective From

1st July, 1986.

(Temporary conces- sion granted from 1st Jan., 1935.)

Estate Duty:

(Estate duty Ordinance 1932)

Third Schedule:

When the principal value of the estate

exceeds:

$500 & does not exceed

$5,000

See 2nd Schedule of the Ordinance.

Schedule applicable in case of persons dying on or after 1st July, 1936.

1 per cent Effective From.

Head.

3.-LICENCES AND INTERNAL

REVENUE,―(Contd.)

Estate Duty:

(B) Licences.

(Estate duty Ordinance 1932)

Third Schedule:-

When the principal value of the estate exceeds:

Old Fees.

Effective From.

Schedule applicable in case of persons dying on or after 1st July, 1936.

Effective From.

1st July, 1936.

2 per cent

5,000 & does not exceed

10,000,

10,000

25,000

""

25,000

""

50,000 Schedule applicable. in

4

50,000

""

100,000

case of persons dying

5

before 27th February,

100,000

"

200,000

1931:

6

200,000

300,000

300,000

400,000

"5

400,000

500,000

రా

51

>>

1

7

99

''

""

- A 15

‛,,,:,་ ་ ་ ་ ་ ་ ་

:

Head.

3.-LICENCES AND INTERNAL REVENUE,--(Contd.)

(B) Licences.

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From.

Estate Duty:

(Estate duty Ordinance 1932)

Third Schedule: ----

When the principal value of the estate

exceeds

Schedule applicable in

500,000

600,000

case of persons dying

10 per cent

600,000

700,000

before 1st July, 1936.

11

700,000

800,000

See 1st Schedule of the Ordinance

12

800,000

1,000,000

13

"

1,000,000

2,000,000

14

2,000,000

3,500,000

15

17

3,500,000

5,000,000

16

5,000,000

??

""

10,000,000

17

10,000,000

15,000,000

15,000,000

20,000,000

18

""

19

20,000,000

20

- A 16

mi

Head.

3.-LICENCES AND INTERNAL

REVENUE,—(Contd.)

Stamp Duties.

(B) Licences.

Agreement or contract for the sale of any equitable estate or interest in any property whatsoever:

Agreement or contract for the sale of any estate or interest in any pro- perty:-

4.-FEES OF COURT ETC.

Air Services:-

(A) Fees.

Fees for landing or alighting of flying machines at Kai Tak Airport

Crown Leases:

(Crown Rent Apportionment Ordce. 1936)

For fixing the determined rent of a section on the application of a section owner

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From.

$1.00 for every $100.00 11th Sept., 1986. or part thereof of the amount or value of the consideration.

$1.00 for every $100.00 or part thereof of the amount or value of the consideration.

Graded

G.N. 297 of 27/3/1936.)

$30.00

1st March, 1936.

At such dates as shall from time to time be ap-

pointed by the Governor

by

Proclamation.

A 17

;

Head.

4.-FEES OF COURT ETC.,-(Contd.)

(A) Fees.

Crown Leases:

For fixing the determined rent under section 7:

in respect of the Remaining Portion

in respect of each other section

For the registration of a determination in respect of a section

For the registration of a determination under section 7:

For registration in respect of the Remaining Portion

For each other section of the lot in

respect of which the same is registered

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From.

30.00

5.00

15.00

15.00

3.00

A 18

+

Head.

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From.

- A 19

4.-FEES OF COURT ETC.,-(Contd.)

Crown Leases:

(A) Fees.

For any survey by the Land Officer or for which payment is ordered by the Governor in Council for each and every section of a lot

Official Certificates

Assessed by the Supt., I, & E. Dept.

Certificates of Origin & etc.

Official Signatures

For permit issued by the Inspector General of Police for extension of hours to sell intoxicating liquors- G.N. 166 of 21/2/1936.

20.00

1.00

1st March, 1936.

5.00 21st February, 1936

Head.

4.-FEES OF COURT ETC.,~(Contd.)

· (A) Fees.

Passports:

Nationals of China, entry visa

Issue of Passport

Issue of travel Certificate and similar

documents, each

Renewal of Passport, for each year of renewal

Endorsement of Passport, otherwise than at the time of issue or renewal

3

Transit visa, normal fee

Entry visa, normal fee

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From.

10.50

5th June, 1936.

10.00

4.00

2.00

4.00

1.05

10.50

- A 20

Head.

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From.

4. FEES OF COURT ETC.,-(Contd.)

Passports:

and other fees:-

Survey of steam launches

Survey of steam ships

(B) Receipts.

Slaughter Houses:

Merchant shipping or- dinance, 1899.

Table C rescinded

New scale of amended & 1st July, 1936. substituted fees as per Table C published un- der G.N. 567 in the Government Gazette- dated 26th June, 1936.

A 21

Fee for slaughtering:-cattle

sheep & goats

swine

}

Public Health (Food) or- dinance 1935.

55 cents per head

15th May, 1936.

By-law

30

99

??

42 rescinded.

40

""

Fee for housing: -Cattle

Public Health (Animals

60

"}

1st January, 1936.

pigs

sheep & goats

and Birds) ordinance 1935.

40

""

35

""

""

By-law 39 rescinded

Fee for destroying dogs, cats and other

pets, etc.

$1.00 each animal

8th June, 1936.

Head.

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From.

Postage:

5.-POST OFFICE

Chinese Domestic Air Mail Service from Canton to destinations in China

Pan American Airways Service

Philippine Islands

Guam

Hawaiian Islands

U. S. A.

Imperial Airways via Penang Service

K. L. M. Service (by sea to Singapore)

Air France (by sea to Hanoi or Saigon) ...

$1.00 per oz. unit (G.N. 106 of 31/1/1936)

1st February, 1936

.60 per oz. unit

1.80

""

''

3.00

4.20

Inclusive

""

""

}}

:

6th March, 1936.

of rates to 20th March, 1936. various destinations-- G.N. 266 of 20/3/36.)

G.N. 339 of 3/5/35 Inclusive of rates to rescinded

various destinations- G.N. 393 of 1/5/36.)

4th May, 1936.

G.N. 865 of 8/11/85 Inclusive of rates to 4th May, 1936.

rescinded

various destinations-

G.N. 393 of 1/5/36.

Head.

Postage:

5.-POST OFFICE,-(Contd.)

Imperial Airways: —

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From.

1st June, 1936.

Netherland India

Letters:

Places in the Colony

United Kingdom and British possessions and protectorates via Suez and the Pacific

Via Siberia

China and Macao

G.N. 475 of 22/6/54 recinded.

Letter .35 per oz. unit Postcard .18 each

$.04 for each ounce or part of an ounce

.15 for the first ounce .10 for each additional OZ. or part of an

ounce

.25 for the first ounce .15 for each additional OZ. or part of an

ounce

.05 for each ounce or part of an ounce

A 23

Heads

Postage:

5.-POST OFFICE,-(Contd.)

Foreign countries generally

Postcards:

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From

.25 for the first ounce .15 for each additional ́oz. or part of an

ounce.

Places in the Colony

.02

United Kingdom and British possessions and protectorates via Suez and the

Pacific

G.N. 475 of 22/6/54 rescinded.

.10

1st June, 1936.

Via Siberia

China and Macao

$ ..15

.02

Foreign countries generally

Small packets....

.15

(G.N. 118 of 26/2/82.)

China Domestić Air Mail Service from

Hong Kong for transmission by

.50 for first ounce and 10 for each additional oz. or part of an

ounce.

.35 per 1. oz. unit

A 24-

Head.

7.-RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY

Land & Houses

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From.

Fees for the housing of commercial or private flying machines in hangars

at Kai Tak Airport

Fees and charges under G.N. 113 of 19/2/22 and G.N. 355 of 3/5/ 1935 rescinded

Graded on basis of space

Graded on basis of space 1st March, 1936. occupied

Buildings:

A 25

A 26-

EXPENDITURE.

9. The expenditure for the year amounted to $29,513,520 against an estimate of $29,598,148, a decrease of $84,628.

The total sum of $29,513,520 is made up as follows:-

Ordinary Expenditure

Extraordinary Expenditure Public Works

$ 26,460,621 3,052,899

The Ordinary Expenditure of the previous year was $25,030,568 and an increase of $1,430,053 is, therefore, shown.

- A 27-

In the following table the actual expenditure for the year 1936 is compared with the expenditure for the previous year and with the estimates for 1936:

Heads of Expenditure.

Actual 1935.

Estimates, 1936.

Actual 1936.

C.

$

$ c.

His Excellency the Governor

143,775.73

137,363

148,206.83

Colonial Secretary's Office and

Legislature

264,137.70

322,513

298,056.67

Secretariat for Chinese Affairs

127,624.04

151,987

139,948.00

Treasury

Audit Department

206,413.70

234,691

249,412.48

91,239.18

101,246

103,475.36

District Office, North

60,061,01

69,336

76,712.39

Do., South

43,911.09

46,973

48,207.58

Communications:-

(a) Post Office

435,035.92

498,847

497,480.28

(b) Do. Wireless Telegraph

Service

159,841.33

183,614

162,473.44

Imports and Exports Office

325,530.35

394,345

428,609.81

Harbour Department

958,087.22

1,019,276

1,071,595.55

Do.

Air Service

63,599.79

38,331

41,303.58

Royal Observatory

56,333.76

71,071

71,416.17

Fire Brigade

265,832.15

309,759

293,162.54

Supreme Court

192,180.67

215,667

227,937.26

Attorney General's Office

40,919.33

44,898

66.665.52

Crown Solicitor's Office

45,355.06

41,585

44.532.29

Official Receiver's Office

20,126.56)

22,561

24,884.40

Land Office

54,529.31

47,310

51,649.56

Magistracy, Hong Kong

60,347.93

62,582

62,112.57

Do., Kowloon

38,488.67

43,114

56,870.92

Police Force

2,435,772.05]

2,820,786

2,830,635.56

Prisons Department

748,120.33

819,457

884,851.02

Medical Department

1,403,605.94

1,651,378

1,584,327.25

Sanitary Department

920,862.32

1,021,517

929;189.28

Botanical & Forestry Department...

117,447.55

127,629

125,355.53

Education Department

1,702,205.44

1,892,303

1,861,899.93

Kowloon-Canton Railway

920,863.98

779,870

726,173.59

Defence:-

(a) Volunteer Defence Corps

112,667.49

151,569

137.707.79

(b) Naval Volunteer Force

28,387.41

36,988

32,296.18

(c) Military Contribution

4,763,943.26|

4,366,901

4,281,239.94

Miscellaneous Services

1,701,858.02

1,612,258

1,485,702.98

Charitable Services

228,990.13

179,836

183,635.87

Charge on Account of Public

Debt

1,410,431.00

1,390,831

1,390,831.00

Pensions

1,555,604,56

Public Works Department

1,810,000 2,287,745.64 1,935,335.58 2,203,196 2,245,004.29 1,391,102.74 1,469,000 1,309,311.51

Do.,

Recurrent

25,030,568.30|

26,390,588 | 26,460,620,56

Do.,

Extraordinary

2,801,919.07 3,207,560

3,052,899.52

Naval Arsenal Yard and Kellet

Island

27,832,487.37 29,598,148 | 29,513,520.08

459,148.94

TOTAL....

.$ 28,291,636.31 29,598,148 29,513,520.08

A 28-

10. The principal Heads of Expenditure which showed increases over the Estimates were as follows:

His Excellency the Governor

$ 10,844

Treasury

14,721

Imports and Exports Office

34,265

Harbour Department

52,320

Supreme Court

12,270

Attorney General's Office

21,768

Magistracy, Kowloon

13,757

Prison Department

65,394

477,746

41,808

-

Pensions

Public Works Department

These increases were mainly due to the effect of lower exchange on the payment of sterling salaries and pensions. In many cases the increases would have been greater but for the practice of rigid economy in expenditure on Other Charges.

Imports and Exports Office.

Personal Emoluments required supplementing to the extent of $30,437 and a new item was added of $23,786 for the pur- chase of prepared opium from Singapore; these increases were, however, reduced by savings on every other subhead but one amounting to $20,038.

$20,038. The

The net increase was, therefore, ・ $34,265.

Harbour Department.

*

There was an increase of $30,417 in Personal Emoluments and of $19,574 in Coal and Oil Fuel due to lower exchange and an additional sum of $40,625 was required in Special Expendi- ture for the completion of a new Police Launch No. 1, the last item being due to the unavoidable deferment of a payment for which provision had been made in 1935. The increases total $91,933 but on practically every other subhead savings were effected totalling $39,614 so that the net increase was reduced to $52,320:

Attorney General's Office.

The increase is due partly to lower exchange and to an additional appointment in connection with the revision of the Ordinances.

Magistracy, Kowloon.

An additional appointment and lower exchange are also the causes of the increase in this Department.

Police Force.

A 29

Personal Emoluments increased by $89,191 on account of lower exchange. A further sum of $6,953 was required for Expenses of Anti Piracy Guards as accounts for the last quarter of 1935 were not paid until this year; an increase of $4,082 was shown in Electric Light and Fans, $2,109 for Rations for Indian Police on account of higher contract rates, $2,585 for Rewards owing to an increase in the number of returned banishees, $1,534 for Subsistence of Prisoners who have increased in numbers, and $1,761 for Transport of an increased number of witnesses and prisoners. Savings were effected, however, on many subheads, notably $9,855 for Clothing and Accoutrements as less clothing was purchased, $2,335 in Conveyance Allow- ances, $47,011 in Passages which had been overestimated, $3,909 in Rent of Stations, $13,644 in Secret Service, and $15,523 under Special Expenditure, Anti Gas Equipment, which was not delivered during the year. The net increase in the Police Force was, therefore, reduced to $9,850.

Prisons Department.

Lower exchange caused an increase in Personal Emolu- ments of $36,263, Clothing and Subsistence of Prisoners who have increased in numbers required an additional sum of $32,583, and a new item of $10,000 was included for the pur- chase of a Linotype Machine. Against a 1. total increase of $79,208, savings were shown on practically every other sub- head which reduced the increase to $65,394.

Public Works Department.

Personal Emoluments required an additional Sum of $81,970 on account of lower exchange, and $1,705 more than the estimate was spent on Conveyance Allowances. Lower exchange also caused an increase in the cost of a Short Wave Telephone Transmitter of $6,390. Savings were effected on every other vote, notably $5,407 on Upkeep and Running Expenses of Motor Lorries and Cars, $8,370 ̄ on Upkeep of Motor and Steam Rollers, $3,210 on Upkeep of Quarry Plants, and $8,280 on Repairs, Stores and Current for the Radio Telegraph Branch. Under Special Expenditure $11,000 pro- vided for the purchase of a Light Diesel Roller and two 2 ton Lorries was not spent. The net increase was, therefore, reduced to $41,808.

Decreases were shown in the following Departments:— Colonial Secretary's Office and Legislature ...... $ 24,456 Secretariat for Chinese Affairs

Post Office:-(b) Wireless Telegraph Service

Fire Brigade

Medical Department

Sanitary Department

12,039

21,141

16,596

67,051

92,328

A 30

Education Department

30,403

Kowloon-Canton Railway

53,696

Defence:(a) Volunteer Defence Corps

13,861

(c) Military Contribution.

85,661

Miscellaneous Services

126,555

Public Works Recurrent

159,688

154,660

2.

Public Works Extraordinary

While

These decreases were due to a variety of causes. lower exchange caused an increase in personal emoluments, reductions in staff, lapsing salaries of vacancies unfilled and strict economy resulted in a net decrease compared with the Estimates.

In the Colonial Secretary's Office several cadet appoint- ments were not filled and in the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs the post of Inspector of Factories remained vacant. Several posts in the Wireless Telegraph Service of the Post Office were also unfilled in view of the possible transfer of that Service.

Fire Brigade.

The main saving here was under Special Expenditure due to fewer pedestal hydrants being installed and to the postponement of the installation of a Fire Hydrant Service in the Post Office Building. These saved the sums of $3,166 and $3,100 respec- tively. A new motor fire engine for which $20,000 was provided was not delivered during the year. Against these savings were increases in the cost of Coal and Oil Fuel, of $1,709, more extensive repairs to Motor Engines and Plant costing an addi- tional sum of $2,042, and the purchase of a new Motor Am- bulance for $8,391 for which provision had been made in 1935 and had lapsed.

Medical Department.

A considerable increase in Personal Emoluments of $27,024 was due to lower exchange, and for the same reason and on account of an increase in the number of patients further sums of $5,514 and $2,201 were required for Bedding and Clothing and for Washing. The Expenses of Courses of Study, &c., exceeded the estimate by $1,945 and increased numbers caused an increase of $2,486 in the cost of Maintenance of Lunatics at Canton.

decrease:

But practically all other subheads showed a $2,182 was saved on Cleansing Materials, $1,575 on Fuel and Light, while $10,431 less was spent on Medicines, Surgical Appliances and Instruments. This was partly due to cheaper prices but mainly to some of the orders not being fully executed during the year. $33,316 was saved on Provisions for Patients due to a lower contract rate, and $2,855 on Upkeep of Hospital

A 31

Equipment. Further non-completion of orders resulted in $3,391 less than estimated, being spent on Running Expenses and Maintenance of the X-Ray Apparatus, &c. At the Bac- teriological Institute $2,750 was saved on Animals and Fodder as less calves were used owing to the stock of lymph being already adequate, and $1,270 less was also spent on Preparation of Vaccines, Serum, &c.

Under Special Expenditure $11,078 was not spent on Anti- gas Equipment as the defence scheme Was not sufficiently nrature to warrant full purchases being made, and $29,312 remained on the vote for Equipment for the Queen Mary Hospital owing to the late arrival of the Sterilizing Apparatus.

Sanitary Department.

The Sanitary Department with શ considerable European Staff might have been expected to require an increased sun for Personal Emoluments on account of lower exchange. But reductions in staff, keeping posts vacant unless urgently required, resulted in a saving on the vote of $17,048. Every subhead in Other Charges except two also showed a saving. Conservancy cost $17,109 less than estimated. The estimate was perhaps over generous but staff was considerably reduced and no repairs to the junks were necessary during the year. $2,021 was saved in Conveyance Allowances, $4,000 in respect of the Crematorium which was not put into operation, and $5,679 in respect of Disinfectants. This latter item was the result of the concentra- tion of stores in the Public Works Stores Subdepartment. $9,544 was also saved on Exhumation-the exhumations, now done departmentally, cost considerably less than estimated. Expenditure on Light was curtailed and resulted in a saving of $3,118, while $5,001 was saved on the Running Expenses of Motor Lorries, Vans and Cars. Rent of Quarters was down by $2,169, and $3,601 was saved on Scavenging Gear. Less clothing was issued and a saving of $3,050 resulted on the vote for Uniforms. In the Slaughter Houses a saving of $2,590 was effected in Fuel, and $1,323 in Ammunition, while the Running costs of the Motor Meat Vans was reduced by $2,380. The vote of $4,600 for Anti-Gas Equipment was not spent.

Education Department.

The increase in Personal Emoluments on account of lower exchange was reduced to $3,976 by curtailment of staff wherever possible. All other votes showed a saving with the ex- ception of one item of $1,600, being stipulated Bonus to Univer- sity Trained Teachers on the completion of their training which through an oversight had not been provided for. $1,653 was saved on Incidental Expenses, and $3,336 on Medical Expenses from which vote the cost of spectacles required for children with defective sight is charged. This was due to દી lower rate charged under contract for the supply of spectacles. Fewer students and reduced allowances resulted in a total saving of

:

:

:

A 32

$3,567 in Fees, Maintenance and Allowances for Students in Training. A reduction in the number of Examinees also caused a saving of $2,125 in University Examination Fees. Capitation Grants were down by $4,441 on account of fewer students and this resulted also in a saving of $1,006 in the Compensation for Railway Tickets. Fewer schools caused saving of $6,355 in subsidies to Urban Elementary Vernacular Schools.

a

The amounts provided for equipment of, the new Trade School were all underspent mainly owing to accounts not being received within the year; $10,849 of the votes thereupon lapsed. Kowloon-Canton Railway.

Considerable savings were effected in the ordinary expendi- ture of the Railway. Every vote showed savings except that for Sleepers which on account of lower exchange required supplementing to the extent of $1,878. Personal Emoluments were down by $21,359 mainly due to the lapsing salary of the Assistant Mechanical Engineer, a post which remained vacant throughout the year. $41,413 was saved on Coal for Loco- motives due to a reduction in the contract price, and $2,609 in Locomotive Oil.

In Special Expenditure there were increases over the Estimates of $2,075 on Doubie Wire Signalling at Yaumati Station, of $5,987 on Re-railing Beacon Hill Tunnel, and of $6,970 in providing a new Boiler for Class B Locomotives- these increases were all due to lower exchange. A further suin of $4,796 not provided in the Estimates was required to make good typhoon damage. The net decrease in expenditure was, however, $53,696.

Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps.

There was a small increase of $2,813 in Personal Emolu- ments. Further sums of $2,663 and $2,934 were required in supplement of the votes for Equipment and Upkeep of Arms, and for Uniform including Boots. Two new items also were included under Special Expenditure for which no provision had been made, namely, $3,054 for Special Mountings for Machine Guns, and $1,637 for Armament Vehicles.

Savings were effected, however, on other subheads mainly because outstanding accounts were not brought to book within the year; thus $9,437 lapsed on the vote for Ainmunition, $2,425 for Steel Helmets, and $2,178 for Equipment for M. G. Bn., Signals. But a real saving took place of $6,891 in Camp Expenses, $1,650 in the Grant to the Machine Gun Troop, and of smaller amounts on all other subheads.

Military Contribution.

The decrease in this item was due to the adjustment of overpayments made in 1935 when the revenue fell short of the original estimate by $2,155,100.

.......

:

Miscellaneous Services.

A 33

Savings were effected on Other Miscellaneous Services of $23,684; this account is of a very variable nature. The cost of Miscellaneous Papers was less by $10,938 owing to more work being done in the Gaol Printing Shop, and Transport of Govern- ment Servants was less than the estimate by $97,436. An additional sum of $7,960 was, however, required for the vote for Broadcasting due to the paynient of royalty to the Inter- national Federation of the Phonographic Industry in respect of the broadcasting of gramophone records. The votes for Rent Allowances for Senior Officers and European Subordinate Officers showed savings of $8,039 and $2,198 respectively, but an addi- tional sum of $12,856 was required for Asiatic Subordinate Officers-provision having been underestimated. More telegrams sent caused an excess on the appropriate vote of $3,636, and a new item appeared of $7,743 to meet the expenses of the Mui Tsai Commission.

Public Works Recurrent.

Every effort was made to curtail expenditure on recurrent public works, expenditure on maintenance being kept to a ininimum. The total vote was $1,469,000 and savings were effected totalling $385,980, the main decreases being on Main- tenance of Buildings, Hong Kong, $127,776, Kowloon $21,491, New Kowloon $6,917 and New Territories $13,744. A further sum of $7,179 was saved on Maintenance of lighthouses. On Roads and Bridges the suns spent were less than estimated in respect of Hong Kong (in City) $30,920, (outside City) $25,879, in Kowloon $32,630, New Kowloon $9,206 and in the New Ter- ritories $26,064.

There were increases of $7,962 and $8,034 on the votes for Maintenance of the Vehicular Ferry Piers. at Jubilee Street, Hong Kong, and Jordan Road, Kowloon. The sums provided had been underestimated.

More extensive water metered services necessitated in- creases on the votes for upkeep and repairs of meters of $19,928 in Hong Kong and $2,499 in Kowloon.

But the main reason why the net sum unspent was reduced from the above figure of $385,980 to $159,688 was the disastrous typhoon which struck Hong Kong on the night of 17th August. Extensive damage was done and a total sum of $182,730 was required to repair it; $81,528 in Hong Kong, $26,990 in Kowloon, $21,590 in New Kowloon, and $52,622 in the New Territories.

Public Works Extraordinary.

The total provision in the Estimates under this Head was $3,207,560, while $3,052,900 was spent, a decrease of $154,660. Only seven items showed an increase and there were four new items introduced. Greater progress than anticipated was made Towards the completion of the Queen Mary Hospital, and the

........

A 34

new

Wanchai Market and additional sums of $133,680, $41,839, were required respectively. Less progress was made in 1935 with the construction of the new Trade School than was anticipated leaving a larger balance to complete the work in 1936; $26,552 more than estimated was required. The provision of village type houses for the old squatters within Kowloon Walled City cost $10,073 more than anticipated while two new items— a Pier at Kowloon City, and Improving and Strengthening the Road from Au Tau to Kam Tin-cost respectively $5,488 and $45,241. There were other small increases and new items totalling $11,709. The total increase was, therefore, $274,583.

Against this were savings on many items and sums unspent, the works being deferred until better times. Greater progress was made in 1935 with the construction of a new Upper Levels Police Station, and $14,796 less than estimated was required to complete the work. A sum of $30,000 provided for improvements to the Central Market was not spent as, since the Estimates were prepared, it has become necessary completely to rebuild the market. This will now be done out of Loan Funds. Among General Works in Hong Kong $21,265 less than estimated was spent on Roads, $16,421 on Miscellaneous Drainage Works, $10,161 on other Miscellaneous Works. Less work than anticipated was done in the formation of a road near Blue Pool Road, and $11,858 of this vote lapsed. A vote of $10,000 for Blake Pier Improvements also lapsed as work was not commenced until late in the year and no payments were made-a revote of this sum will be required in 1937.

In Kowloon a sum of $10,387 lapsed on the vote for the New Central British School as several outstanding payments had to be deferred, and $44,000 provided for the construction of Government Stores at Hunghom was allowed to lapse pending the development of a comprehensive scheme for Government Stores and Workshops. Under Miscellaneous items several works were not carried out, a Flush Latrine, Postal Kiosk, and Coal Bins, causing votes totalling $24,100 to lapse.

In New Kowloon savings were effected on Roads of $7,789, on Miscellaneous Drainage Works of $24,864, of $9,617 in Waterworks, while 10,000 provided for Anti-Malaria Works was not spent.

In the New Territories $29,778 out of a vote of $30,000 for a Block House and Well at Ta. Ku Ling was not spent. Only certain resumptions of land were made and the actual work was not started during the year. The provision of a water supply for Castle Peak area was deferred and the vote of $7,000 allowed to lapse.

Sums totalling $429,243 of the provision made were, there- fore, unspent. As increased provision of $274,583 had been required, the net decrease was $154,660.

LIABILITIES.

A 35

11. Statement of Assets and Liabilities on the 31st December, 1936.

$

ASSETS.

€

DEPOSITS:

ADVANCES:

Contractors and

Miscellaneous

74,445.46

Officers Deposits

470,847.00

Pending Reim-

Insurance Com-

panies

bursements from

1,633,973.92

future loan

9,206,268.63

Miscellaneous Deposits

House Service

Account

Building Loans

846,060.70

1,640,994.15

Imprest Account

59,420.17

27,510.50 Subsidiary Coin

145,625.00

Government House

Trade Loan Out-

& City Develop- ment Fund

standing

298,800.00

839,704.12

Suspense Account

Exchange Adjustment

9,282.33

Unallocated Stores,

(P.W.D.)

529,595.63

23,301.03 Unallocated Stores,

(Railway)

· 123,461.94

Trade Loan Reserve.

837,313.59

Note Issue Account.

2,300,000.00

Praya East Reclama-

tion

111,547.17 Nickel Coinage

Account

1,379,999.50

Coal Account

5,273.69

Cash Balance:

Crown Agents-

Overdraft

857.68

Treasurer

2,596,687.54

Note Security Fund.

2,169,608.31

*Joint Colonial

Fund

1,516,638.66

Nickel Coinage Fund.

1,203,682.12

Fixed Deposits:

General ...$1,050,000.00]

Total Liabilities...

8,973,895.61

Insurance

Companies 1,633,973.92

Excess of Assets over

Liabilities

Miscellaneous

12,917,132.29

130,050.75

2,814,024.67

Total.....$ 21,891,027.90

*Joint Colonial Fund £94,000 Os. Od..

Total.....$ 21,891,027.90

A 36

12. The excess of Assets over Liabilities on 1st January, 1936, was $12,387,668. On 31st December, 1936, this sum had increased to $12,917,132, the difference of $529,464 being the excess of Revenue over Expenditure previously recorded.

...

13. The balance of moneys not needed for current require- ments is lent to the Joint Colonial Fund which amounted on 31st December to £94,000, and is shown in the Statement of Assets as $1,516,638.66.

14. The cash balance of $2,596,687.54 with the Treasurer includes the sum of $574,264 held by the Official Receiver on account of Companies Liquidation and Bankruptcy. This latter figure also forms part of the sum of $1,640,994.15 under Mis- cellaneous Deposits as a liability.

15.

83% DOLLAR LOAN ACCOUNT.

AUTHORISED BY ORDINANCE No. 11 OF 1934.

Head

Statement of Expenditure at 31st December, 1936.

1. Aberdeen Valley Water Scheme

2. Shing Mun Valley Water Schemes:-

(a) 1st Section

(b) 2nd Section:

$2,555,702.78

$ 636,765.59

(1) Preliminary Works

.$ 36,718.84

(2) Filters

120,045.23

(3) Gorge Dam

8,262,230.72

(4) 2nd Cross Harbour Pipe (5) 2nd 24′′ Trunk Main

173,348.32

240,714.44

(6) 3rd

Rapid Gravity

Filters

204,669.99

9,037,727.54

· 9,674,493.13

3. Vehicular Ferry

4. New Gaol at Stanley

5. Tylam Tuk Calchwaters

1,907,966.94 3,534,930.96

689,386:55

6. Airport:-

(a) Aerodrome

20,485.92

(b) Airport and Seaplane Slipway (e) Wireless Telegraph Station

754,186,59

64,172.79

7. Redemption of 33% Inscribed Stock

838,845.30 3,864,942.97

8. Other Public

Works

$23,066,268.63

Of the above amount $9,206,268.63 has been charged against surplus balances pending the issue of the remainder of the loan authorised.

•

A 37

ADVANCES.

16. The balance of the sum advanced for the purchase of three locomotives for the Chinese Section of the Kowloon- Canton Railway, which stood at $27,468.26 on 31st December, 1935, was repaid in March, 1936.

17. During the year Unallocated Stores varied as follows:

Balance at

Public Works Department Kowloon Canton Railway

31st December

1935

1936

$519,409 $529,596

137,496

123,462

TRADE LOAN ACCOUNT.

$656,905 $653,058

18. During the year one sum of $2,200 was received on Capital Account and three items of $71,000, $126,500.50 and $50,000 were written off as irrecoverable, reducing the amount outstanding to $298,800. The total capital now written off amounts to $383,763.80. The reserve account at 31st December, 1936, stood at $837,313.59 and, therefore, exceeds the capital outstanding by $538,513.59.

The following table shows the financial position of this account as at 31st December, 1936:

Loans issued since 16th November, 1925,

on approved securities.

Less Redemptions effected during the years

.$ 2,604,930.00

$ 15,633,582.97

1926

1927

1928

1929

1930

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

1936

4,845,879.76

3,403,560.02

1,356,536.86

1,280,842.65

832,241.62

451,828.26

147,000.00

21,000.00

5,000.00

2,200.00

14,951,019.17

682,563.80

Less amount written off as irrecoverable

383,763.80

Total of Loans outstanding on 31st December,

1936

298,800.00

:

A 38-

Interest in arrears on 31st December, 1926

$117,369.42

51

1927

11

206,818.64

1928

"

1

321,121.10

1929

?

23

416,237.93

1930

398,641.94

""

1931

307,152.89

1932

209,087.15

1933

12

195,714.76

"

1934

""

178,789.42

""

""

1935

"

""

177,089.42

""

1936

""

112,748.69

Total number of Loans issued since 16th. November, 1925 ... 302

Less number redeemed in 1926

34

1927

**

85

""

1928

87

22

1929

29

2

1930

""

35

1931.

""

د,

13.

J

1932

1>

11

1933

1

"

1934

""

1935

"

0

1936

3

Number of Loans outstanding on 31st December, 1936...

PUBLIC DEBT.

299

3

19. The Inscribed Stock Issues of 1893 and 1906 amounting to £1,485,733 were redeemed on 15th October, 1934, and the whole of the Public Debt of the Colony is now in Hong Kong

currency.

The 4% Conversion Loan raised in 1933 amounted to $4,838,000 and the sinking fund established in 1934 amounted at 31st December last to £42,836.14.11. .

In July, 1934, a 3% Dollar Loan was raised to finance certain public works and to redeem a portion of the sterling Inscribed Stock. Bonds to the amount of $14,000,000 were issued at 99% producing $13,860,000. The Loan bears 31% interest and is redeemable by drawings at par in each of the twenty-five years commencing in 1935 at the annual rate of one twenty-fifth of such issue. During each of the years 1935 and 1936 bonds to the value of $560,000 were redeemed thus reducing this loan to $12,880,000.

Ordinance No. 11 of 1934 governs this issue and authorises. the Governor to borrow up to a total of $25,000,000. The total public debt of the Colony on 31st December, 1936, amounted to $17,718,000 equal to about 7 months revenue as things are at present.

;

A 39

NOTE CIRCULATION.

20. The average amount of Bank Notes in circulation and of Government Certificates of Indebtedness held by the three banks against their authorized issues during the month ending 31st December were as follows:

Notes in

Circulation.

Government

Certificates of

Indebtedness.

Hong Kong and Shanghai

Banking Corporation .S 124,863,771 $ 141,487,039.00

Chartered Bank of India,

Australia and China

22,756,888

8,300,000.00

Mercantile Bank of India,

Ltd.

4,091,508

2,769,540.00

Total

$ 151,712,167 $ 152,556,579.00

Under the authority of Ordinance No. 42 of 1935 the Government on the 11th November, 1935, commenced issuing $1 notes and on the 31st December, 1936, $2,300,000 were in circulation.

EXCHANGE.

21. The average monthly rates for sterling and Shanghai dollars were as follows:

January February

March April May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Sterling. Shanghai Dollar.

1/3.461

106.260

1/3.500

106.900

1/3.495

106.933

1/3.609

107.652

1/3.560

107.606

1/3.310

106.500

1/3.202

105.649

1/2.813

102.625

1/2.778

102.785

1/2.798

102.6125

1/2.845

102.161

1/2.833

102.182

The opening rate of the year on January 2nd was 1/8 d., the closing rate on December 31st was 1/27. The lowest rate quoted during the year was 1/2 on 9th September, and the highest rate 1/8 on the 4th April.

:

- A 40

GENERAL.

22. The Estimates for the year 1936 were based on an exchange rate of $1-1/8d. A commencement is made in pre- paring the estimates for the following year as early as May each year and at that time in 1935 exchange stood at over 2/-. The 1935 Estimates had been based on a figure of 1/4d. and it was considered sufficiently prudent to base those for 1936 on a rate of 1/8d. Subsequent events, culminating in the passing on 5th December, 1935, of a Currency Ordinance setting up the machinery which now controls the exchange value of the Hong Kong dollar, completely altered the situation. Before the year began exchange had fallen to 1/3 and throughout the year it remained somewhat below that figure.

In preparing the budget for 1936 a deficit of $2,926,303 was. estimated for and it is clear that if that figure was expected at an exchange rate of 1/8d., a very much greater figure was certain to emerge with exchange round about 1/3d. In fact, however, final figures for the year showed a surplus of $529,464. Revenue increased by as much as $3,371,139 and Expenditure was less than the original estimate by $84,628. This was in part due to a drastic cut in the salaries of all Government officers. Under the Hong Kong Government Service (Levy on

(Levy on Salaries) Ordinance No. 17 of 1936, a levy of varying percentage was imposed on all sterling salaries exceeding £240 per annum and on all dollar salaries exceeding $240 per annum. In addition, all sterling salaries were converted into dollars at fictitious rates of exchange which were 1/6d. for the first quarter of the year, and 1/51, 1/4 and 1/3 for the subsequent quarters. The saving effected by these three inethods was approximately as follows:

Percentage Levy on Sterling Salaries ... $308,800 Exchange Saving on

""

Percentage Levy on Dollar Salaries.

Total Saving-

651,700

$960,500

207,600

$1,168,100

The severity of the exchange levy was later modified in respect of married officers with one or more dependents in a sterling country which reduced the saving to about $1,140,000.

23. Under "Other Charges", though many sterling items were higher on account of lower exchange, considerable savings were effected by the exercise of rigid economy, the total pro- vision being $4,103,941 while $3,742,653 was expended-a reduction of $361,288.

$3,742,653

A 41

24. The revenue from Stamp Duties was $2,136,943 as compared with an estimate of $1,900,000, and was $169,292 up on the previous year's collection. Estate Duties produced $1,352,890, an increase of $341,281 over 1935. The receipts from Water Excess Supply and Meter Rents exceeded the estimate by $272,520, but were $345,458 below the receipts for 1935; this was mainly due to the reduction in cost from 75 to 50 cents per thousand gallons together with a discount of 15% granted to those who pay their accounts within 14 days.

25. The year 1936 will always be remembered as the first year of the working of the Exchange Fund established under the Currency Ordinance No. 54 of 1935, which called in all silver coin in circulation and set up the system which now regulates the exchange value of the Hong Kong dollar.

26. The legal tender of the Colony is now as follows:-

(a) Bank notes, the excess of which over the fiduciary issue, is backed by Government Certificates of Indebtedness in accordance with the Currency Ordinance.

(b) Government $1 notes, of which $2,300,000 have

been issued.

(c) 10 cent and 5 cent cupro-nickel coins.

(d) 1 cent copper coins.

(e) Silver dollars and .800 fine silver sub-coin (10 cent and 5 cent pieces, and a few 50 and 20 cent pieces) which have either remained in circulation in the Colony or filter back into it from the mainland of China, are still legal tender in the Colony (sub coin only up to an amount of $2).

Bank notes in circulation have fluctuated in follows:

December

Millions

1933

1934

1935

1936

157

153

1361

151-1

To the 1935 figure must be added Government notes in circulation totalling $1,280,000 and to the 1936 figure $2,300,000.

27. The working of the Exchange Fund presented no serious difficulty throughout the year and exchange remained com. paratively steady as is shown in paragraph 21.

28. It will be remembered that on 3rd November, 1935, the Chinese Government proclaimed the nationalisation of silver throughout the country and adopted a policy of a managed currency at the then prevailing rate of 1/21. The adoption of a similar managed currency in Hong Kong is directly attributable

.

- A 42

to the established principle that Hong Kong should as far as possible keep in step with China in regard to its currency policy, as any wide divergence of the Hong Kong Dollar from the Chinese Dollar brings in its train considerable dislocation of trading facilities.

From the table in paragraph 21 it will be seen that the premium on the Hong Kong dollar compared with Shanghai gradually fell from nearly 7% in March to a little over 2%. This compares most favourably with the year 1935 when the premium fluctuated from 18% in February to over 404% in May and remained over 30% until the new monetary policy was an- nounced in November.

•

29. It is still too early to predict what effect Hong Kong's new monetary policy will have on the trade and prosperity of the Colony. It is felt that stability of exchange should result in improved trading conditions and in the last few months of the year signs of improvement were not lacking. But, as was written in this report last year, 'it is not to be expected that it will restore to merchants markets lost by tariff barriers, cheap foreign labour and subsidized competition." The stability of exchange in China, also considerable advances made towards national unification and increasingly friendly relations between the Colony and its immediate neighbour Canton, have all been factors having a stimulating effect on trade and tending to a more optimistic outlook for the future.

30. The Trade Returns for the past five years are here tabulated for comparison:

IMPORTS

EXPORTS

(excluding Treasure) (excluding Treasure)

1932

$624,047,600

$471,859,706

1933

500,938,794

408,092,170

· 1934

415,918,522

325,104,653

1935

364,989,519

271,033,363

1936

452,350,193

350,864,787

Exchange affected these returns considerably in previous years and the best comparisons are with 1932 and 1933 when exchange was fairly steady between 1/3 and 1/5. It will be seen, therefore, that we still have some way to go even to reach the comparative prosperity of these days.

A 43

·

31. The Share Market has benefitted from the general improvement of conditions, the steadiness of exchange and easiness of money. Activity of almost boom proportions was seen in March in the gold share market in Manila and continued until November. Prices then fell heavily but have since recovered considerably. This boom led to comparative neglect of the local market but some of the profits of speculators were reinvested in shares of local companies. Towards the end of the year there was a noticeable firmness in the local market.

32. There were no bank failures during 1936 such as were witnessed in 1935. Money has been plentiful at easy rates of interest and while purely speculative business in sterling exchange has now been eliminated causing a considerable decline in local banking profits, the banking interests of the Colony continue on a sound basis.

THE TREASURY,

HONG KONG,

12th April, 1937.

W. J. CARRIE,

Colonial Treasurer.

¿

Appendix A (2).

REPORT TO THE DIRECTOR OF COLONIAL AUDIT ON THE AUDIT OF THE ACCOUNTS OF HONG KONG 1936.

Subject to the comments contained in this report, the accounts for the year under review were satisfactorily kept and rendered; the system of accounting appears to provide sufficient checks against irregularity and fraud.

2. The Appropriation Account was received on the 31st July, 1937, and the Public Works Department Statements on the 8th July, 1937.

3. A reconciliation statement of the Assets and Liabilities on the 31st December, 1936, is submitted:-

Revenue for the year amounted to

The

and the expenditure to

..$ 30,042,983.86

29,513,520.08

529,463.78

The excess of Revenue over

Expenditure being

The Balance standing to the credit of the Colony on 31. 12. 35.

resulting in an excess of Assets

over Liabilities on 31.12.36 of

12,387,668.51

$ 12,917,132.29

Detailed proof of the Statement of the Assets and Liabilities is forwarded in Enclosure (Q).

4. The actual Revenue for the year amounting to $30,042,983.86 showed an increase over the Estimates of $3,371,139, and the actual Expenditure $29,513,520.08 was $84,628 less than the estimated figure $29,598,148.

A detailed comparison of the Estimated Revenue and Expenditure will be found in the Statements in Enclosures (C, D.).

EXPENDITURE 1935.

5. The Supplementary Schedule of Additional Provision for 1935 was approved by the Secretary of State in his Despatch No. 301 of the 19th August, 1936.

:

A (2) 2 -

ESTIMATES 1936.

6. The Estimates for the year were passed by the Legis- lature in Ordinance No. 40 of the 4th October, 1935, and received the approval of the Secretary of State in his Despatch No. 525 of the 23rd December, 1935. All excesses on Heads and Subheads of Expenditure have been covered by the neces- sary authority.

7. The Supplementary Appropriation Ordinance No. 10 of 1937 was passed by the Legislature on 28th July, 1937, thus providing complete local authority for the year.

STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES.

LIABILITIES.

DEPOSITS.

8. With reference to paragraph 8 of the Annual Report of 1935 various deposits, amounting to $9,350.58, which were no longer a liability on the Colony were transferred to Revenue.

INSURANCE COMPANIES.

9. The liability of $1,633,973.92 represents amounts held on Fixed Deposit. The Deposit Receipts have been verified.

GOVERNMENT HOUSE AND CITY DEVELOPMENT FUND.- $839,704.12.

10. This amount represents the unspent balance of receipts from Land Sales which were appropriated under Ordinance No. 30 of 1934.

SUSPENSE ACCOUNT.—$9,282.83.

11. This liability represents the net balance of the Suspense Accounts detailed in Enclosure (G). The Accounts have been verified and call for no special mention.

EXCHANGE ADJUSTMENT.-$23,301.03.

12. At the termination of the financial year there remained a balance of £94,000 on deposit in the Joint Colonial Fund. The amount of $23,301.03 represents the difference between the dollar values at the time of deposit and at the end of the year.

PRAYA EAST RECLAMATION.-$111,547.17.

13. This liability represents the estimated cost of work still to be completed.

ASSETS.

ADVANCES PENDING RE-IMBURSEMENT FROM A

FUTURE LOAN.-$9,206,268.63.

14. With reference to paragraphs Nos. 35 and 36 of the Annual Report for 1935 the adjustment was duly made in ac- cordance with the instructions of the Secretary of State.

- Ā (2) 3

TRADE LOAN OUTSTANDING.-$298,800.00.

15. The Statement of the Trade Loan Account at the ter- mination of the financial year is enclosed (Enclosure L). One Loan was redeemed and under general authority three loans were written off. The Loans were secured by mortgages to the Government.

UNALLOCATED STORES P.W.D.-$529,595.63.

16. A reconciliation statement between the books of the Treasury and the Public Works Department is forwarded (En- closure J). The standard stock is within the amount fixed by. the Secretary of State.

UNALLOCATED STORES, KOWLOON CANTON RAILWAY

(British Section)-$123,461.94.

17. The balance of the account is within the limit laid down by the Secretary of State. A reconciliation statement of the balance shown in the Treasury and Railway Books is forwarded (Enclosure K).

TREASURER'S CASH BALANCE.

16. A Board of Survey appointed by the Government was held on the 4th January, and the balance was found to be correct.

CROWN AGENTS FOR THE COLONIES.

19: The Assets held by the Crown Agents are supported in the accounts by the certificate of the Comptroller and Auditor General:

20

NOTE ISSUE ACCOUNT.-$2,300,000.00.

NICKEL COINAGE ACCOUNT.-$1,379,999.50.

20. With reference to paragraphs Nos. 23 and 24 of the 1985 Report these balances represent the value of the Notes and Cupro-Nickel Coinage issued in accordance with Ordinance No. 42 of 1935.

The difference between the Assets and Liabilities (which are the respective security funds) is on account of an adjustment of the cost of the manufacture and printing of the coins and notes. This matter was referred to in the Annual Report of 1935 para- graph No. 17. On the instructions of the Secretary of State any further charges of a similar nature are also to be charged to the respective Funds.

EXCHANGE FUND.

21. With reference to paragraphs Nos. 21 and 22 of the Annual Report for 1935 the Exchange Fund was examined to the 31st December, and the Balance Sheet for the year ending 31st December has been transmitted by the Government to the Secretary of State.

:

A (2)-4--

LOAN ACCOUNTING.

STATEMENT OF LOAN EXPENDITURE AS AT THE 31ST DECEMBER.

22. As regards the expenditure during 1936 authority to meet this from Surplus Funds was obtained by Resolutions in Council.

19th March, 1936

$5,223,077.80

13th May, 1936

$ 124,763.94

both of which have received the sanction of the Secretary of State, who also approved the re-appropriation of the items in the Loan Schedule as passed by the Legislative Council.

PUBLIC DEBT.-$17,718,000.

23. The 4% Conversion Bonds, (Ordinance No. 15 of 1933) amounted to $4,838,000.00, and the Market value of the Sink- ing Fund established in 1934 to £42,836.14.11d. on the 31st December, 1936.

*

24. The Treasury Record of Investments and Interest earned on the investments have been verified with the Crown Agents Accounts. The Investments are held by the Crown Agents for the Colonies.

25. The indebtedness on account of the Hong Kong 31% Dollar Loan (Ordinance No. 11 of 1934) was reduced during the year to $12,880,000, Bonds to the value of $560,000 having been redeemed in accordance with Section 5 of the Ordinance.

The cancelled bonds and interest coupons due to the re- demption were duly checked.

The interest paid to Bond-holders was supported by the Surrendered Coupons which were forwarded for audit.

SHING MUN VALLEY WATER SCHEME,

26. The reconciliation of the Resident Engineer's Imprest Account ($50,000) with the books of the Treasurer has been carried out quarterly.

27. The total expenditure of $8,262,230.72 has been verified with the Treasury Expenditure under this section of the loan,

works.

28. The Gorge Dam renamed the Jubilee Dam was officially opened by Sir Andrew Caldecott, K.C.M.G., C.B.E:, on 30th January, 1937.

29. The Store Account has been audited to the 31st December, 1936, and calls for no special comment.

A (2) 5-

CHINA COMPANY FEES.

30. The annual local examination of the Registrar of Com- panies Account at Shanghai was made in August, and the ac- counts were audited to the 30th June, 1936. The Revenue collected for the year amounted to $170,966 as compared with $201,576 for the previous year.

MILITARY CONTRIBUTION.

31. A Statement of the Calculation of Military Contribution for the financial year under review is enclosed (Enclosure O).

POST OFFICE.

32. Since 1935 correspondence has passed between the Audit Department and the Postmaster General as to firstly, the late submission for audit of the Money Order Balance sheets, and secondly, the advisability for the prevention of fraud of compiling outstanding money orders in a bound register rather than in loose sheets of paper as has been the practice heretofore. No action was taken until Audit again referred to these points when the 1935 Balance Sheet was presented on January 5th, 1987; but the Postmaster General has now given an assurance that these two matters will at once be rectified in accordance with the Audit submission.

IMPERIAL POST OFFICE.

33. The Monthly Accounts current with the Imperial Post Office have been audited monthly, and have been accepted by both Post Offices.

The Stocks of Imperial and Local Postal Notes in the Post- master General's custody have been checked and verified.

STAMPS IN PAYMENT OF POSTAGES ON CIRCULARS, ETC.

34. On the submission of Audit a stricter control over the supervision and the final destruction of stamps used for other than purely postal purposes has been adopted by the Post Office. This control effectively destroys the philatelic value of the stamps.

SUB POST OFFICES.

35. A clerk in a Sub Post Office

Sub Post Office absconded, leaving a shortage of $50.07 in his Stamp Imprest. With the exception of 7 cents the loss was covered by his security.

RADIO OFFICE.

35. A clerk in a Sub-Post Office absconded, leaving a defalcation of the Chinese Shroff. The sum involved was $4,461.12. The shroff absconded.

The circumstances have been fully reported to the Secretary of State by H. E. the Governor, and reported to you in Audit Letter No. 29/27 of the 22nd. March, 1937.

1 ..

·A·(2)-6

·

ESTATE DUTY.

37. A question of accounting principle in connection with the acquisition by the Government of house property in settle- anent of all claims, and in lieu of the payment of Estate Duty of $20,384 and Interest, is the subject of correspondence be- tween the Government and this Department. The Treasurer submitted that it was not an opportune time to sell property owing to the depression which obtained, and that he did not propose to record the transactions in his accounts. The ques- tion of selling the property is now being considered and the accounting procedure will be kept in view.

KOWLOON CANTON RAILWAY.

38. A copy of the Manager's Report for 1936 of the British Section of the Kowloon Canton Railway is forwarded (Enclosure N). The accounts have been regularly rendered and satis- factorily kept.

39. The arrangements made in 1935 for the issue of through tickets between Kowloon and certain Stations of the Canton- Sam Shui Railway have worked well.

40. The final division sheet of Through and Joint Sectional Traffic Receipts have been audited to the end of the year and have been accepted by both Administrations.

41. A similar agreement, to that referred to in the Annual Report for 1935, paragraph 44, was entered into with the Tung Kun Bus Company for the issue of through tickets between Liu Po and the Railway Station at Cheung Muk Tou.

42. The claims for haulage by British locomotives have been regularly met.

43. Surveys on the accounts of the Railway Head Office, Railway Stations and Stores were made during the year and call for no comment.

STORE ACCOUNTS.

44. The examination of the various Store Accounts call for no special comment. From January 1st all Departments, with the exception of the Railway, were required to obtain their supplies of stores through the Public Works Department. This arrangement has greatly increased the Audit examination. The creation of a Government Distributing Dispensary necessitated the reorganisation of the accounting of the Medical Stores. A system of accounting was introduced but it has been found not to work well and the Director of Medical Services has taken action in the matter.

MISALLOCATIONS.

45. There were no misallocations remaining in the accounts unadjusted at the close of the year.

A (2) 7-

ARREARS OF REVENUE.

46. Several differences were revealed in the examination of the Statement of Arrears of Revenue and the Departmental Returns. On Audit submissions to the Treasurer a Treasury Circular was issued giving explicit instructions to Heads of Departments. It is hoped in future the returns will be rendered correctly.

47. The total arrears on the 31st December, 1936, amounted to $676,542.43 and of this sum $513,126.93 was collected up to the 31st March, 1937.

48. The sum of $109,844.08 is shown in the Treasurer's return as having been written off, leaving a balance of $53,571.42 to be collected.

Included in the figure of $109,844.08 is the sum of $108,100 in respect of a Sale of Land by Public Auction; the purchaser however defaulted in payment of the Premia. The circum- stances are explained in the Treasurer's Memo which is enclosed.

QUERIES.

49. Replies to Queries have been promptly received, and all queries have been satisfactorily settled.

50. Among the larger recoveries due to Audit queries and submissions are:

On Passage Accounts

8.

d.

89.

2.

10.

7.

7.

0.

36.

0. 0.

12. 16. 11.

Language Allowance.

$ 270.00

Salary Overpayment

Gunpowder Storage

Overtime Fees

Pensions

GENERAL.

50.00

22.50

172.00 p.a.

51. Surprise Surveys of cash and stamps etc. held by de- partments were made during the year and reported in the quarterly Progress Returns but call for no special comment.

52. The temporary levy on salaries which became effective on the 1st January necessarily increased the work of this Department.

T. DALLIN,

Actg. Auditor.

31st August, 1937.

Appendix B.

REPORT ON THE ASSESSMENT FOR THE YEAR 1937-1938.

By order of His Excellency the Governor in Council a new valuation of the whole of the Island of Hong Kong, of Kowloon and of New Kowloon has been made. The new Rateable Value amounts to $34,208,734 as compared with $34,643,760 last year, a decrease of $435,026 or 1.26 per cent.

2. The following table gives a comparison of the Assess- ments for the year 1936-1937 and 1937-1938.

District

Valuation Valuation 1936-1937 1937-1938

Iner. Decr.

Increase Decrease

%

%

$

$

$

City of Victoria II. K. Villages

21,311,014 20,804,547)

505,467

2.38

3,447,126 3,572,778 125,652

3.65

Kowloon

New Kowloon

7,740,267 7,704,446

35,821

.46

2,145,353 2,126,963

18,390

.86

34,643,7

,760 34,208,734|

435,026

1.26

3. The decrease in the valuation of the City of Victoria is due to a further fall in tents but shows the slowing up of the fali during the year when compared with the decrease of $1,310,860 last year.

4. The increase under Hong Kong Villages is due to new buildings, scattered about the Island, including Hill Crest flats on the Peak, coupled with the fact that the further decrease in rents during the year was small, and compares favourably with a decrease of $57,836 last year.

5. In Kowloon and New Kowloon the decrease is due to a further, though slight, fall in rents.

6. During the 1936-1937 rating year, refunds of rates were granted for vacant floors of tenements where the owners had elected at the last Annual Valuation to obtain this concession.

7. The number of tenements and floors reported vacant averaged 3,494 per month as compared with 3,700 last year. For April this year the number actually found vacant was 2,595 as compared with 2,997 in April last year.

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8. During the year ending 30th April, 1937, 1,283 Interim. Valuations, as compared with 1,538 in the previous year, were made as follows:

New or rebuilt tenements

CITY OF VICTORIA

REST OF COLONY

No.

Rateable Value. $

No.

Rateable Value.

$

and tenements struc- turally altered

207

339,362 536

527,132

Assessment

cancelled.

tenements resumed,

pulled down or being

in other respects not rateable

335

344,494 205

219,703

Number and Decrease or

Deer:

Iner:

Increase

542

5,132 741

307,429

9. The following comparative statement shows the Rateable Value of the Colony of Hong Kong from 1927-1928 to 1937-1938 inclusive:

Year.

Rateable Value

$

As compared with previous year.

Increase. Decrease.

Increase. Decrease. '

%

%

1927-1928 | 29,016,439 1928-1929 30,395,447 1,579,008

4.75

1929-1930 31,617,566 1,222,119

4.02

1930-1931 35,069,602 1,452,036

4.59

1931-1932 35,071,566 2,001,964

6.04

1932-1933 37,457,725 2,386,159

6.80

1933-1934 38,941,273 1,483,548

3.96

1934-1935 58,641,856)

299,417

0.77

1935-1936 $6,874,100

2,267,756

5.87

1936-1937 34,643,760

1,730,340

4.76

1937-1938 34,208,734

435,026

1.26

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10. In the ten years from 1927-1928 to 1937-1938 the rate- able value of the Colony has increased by $5,192,295 or 17.89 per cent.

11. If the interim valuations are deducted from the new total valuation of the Colony, the decrease this year is 2.13 per cent as compared with 7.63 per cent last year.

12. The fall in rents eased off during the year, and generally speaking rents have now become fairly steady.

This is the fourth successive annual valuation showing a decrease. The new Rateable value is $862,832 below that for the year 1931-1932, and is 12.15 per cent below the highest value of $38,941,273, being the value for the year 1933-1934. After deducting the interims the average drop in rateable value since 1933-1934 is 22.88 per cent.

TREASURY,

10th June, 1937.

W. J. CARRIE,

Treasurer & Assessor.

Appendix C.

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY FOR CHINESE AFFAIRS

FOR THE YEAR 1936.

REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.

(Tables I to III)

The Government Revenue derived from all sources during the year was $26,685.75 and the Government Expenditure was $139.948.00.

2. As is evidenced by the numerous tables attached to this Report, much of the work of the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs is concerned with the administration of funds that may be called semi-official. The Revenue in these cases is in very large part a matter of voluntary subscription by the Chinese Community and outside the Government Estimates, with Expenditure at the discretion of the Department and of the various Committees concerned.

3. Protection of Women and Girls. (Including work done under Ordinances Nos. 2 of 1865 (Offences against the person); 6 of 1893 (Po Leung Kuk Incorporation), as amended by 4 of 1923; 4 of 1897 (Protection of Women and Girls), as amended by 21 of 1929, 43 of 1932 and 14 & 33 of 1984; and 1 of 1923 (Female Domestic Service), as amended by 22 of 1929 and 23 of 1936).

The number of persons reported to the Po Leung Kuk as missing during the year was three, one of whom was found, as compared with three not found in 1935.

4. Fifteen names were added to the list of girls under bond. Fifty one bonds were cancelled and the total number of girls under bond at the end of the year was forty five as compared with eighty seven on 31st December, 1935.

5. Inspector Fraser, Inspector of muitsai, returned from leave on 20th February, 1936. The Muitsai Inspectorate consists. of one European Inspector and two Chinese Lady Inspectors. At the beginning of the year the number of registered muitsai in the Colony was 1,928 but by the end of December this had been reduced by 344 to a total of 1,584. The main items in this reduction were:-marriage (102), permanent departure from the Colony (85), restoration to parents or relatives (75) and securing independent employment (40). Twenty one Registered Muitsai were taken into the custody of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

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6. The lady inspectors paid a total of 2,941 visits to the homes of Registered Muitsai in addition to their work with the male inspector investigating numerous cases involving both registered and unregistered Muitsai. At the end of the year 56 Registered Muitsai were attending school, their school fees. being paid by their employers. Eleven girls were sent to the Salvation Army Home and twelve to the Victoria Home. I desire to take this opportunity of conveying my thanks to these institutions for their valuable co-operation and assistance.

7. Seventy two persons were prosecuted under the Female Domestic Service Ordinance, the total number of charges preferred being one. hundred and one. These charges may be

summarised as follows:

Illtreatment of an unregistered Muitsai

Additional charge of illtreatment of a child under

16 years

Keeping an unregistered Muitsai

9

3

47

Bringing an unregistered Muitsai into the Colony... 13

Failing to report having become the Employer of

a registered Muitsai

Failing to report the disappearance of a registered

Muitsai

1

Failing to report the intended removal from the

Colony of a registered Muitsai

4

Failing to report change of address

16

Failing to report intended marriage of a registered

Muitsai

2

Failing to pay wages

3

Failing to report the taking into employment of

a registered Muitsai

1

101

8. In all cases involving unregistered Muitsai, the girls were either restored to their relatives or placed in a suitable institution.

9. A sequel to the publication of the report of the Loseby Committee was the appointment by the Secretary of State for the Colonies of a Commission with the following terms of reference:

"To investigate the whole question of Muitsai in Hong Kong and Malaya and of any surviving practices in those territories of transferring women and children for valuable consideration, whether on marriages or adoption, or in any other circumstances, and to report to the Secretary of State on any legislative or other action which they may consider practicable and desirable in relation to their matters.

10. The Commission consisted of Sir Wilfrid Woods, K.C.M.G., Chairman, Miss Picton-Turbervill, O.B.E., and Mr. C. A. Willis, C.B.E.; Mr. John Jeff, M.C.S., was appointed to act as secretary. The Commission arrived in Hong Kong on May 14th and remained till 6th June, hearing evidence and carrying out a searching investigation. They returned to the Colony on the 22nd of July and left for England via the United States of America on July 24th. Their report will be published early in 1937. The resources of this department were placed at the disposal of the Commission and they were provided with facilities for the interrogation of witnesses and for investigation of the methods employed by Government in dealing with the problems under consideration.

11. Under the Women and Girls Protection Ordinance, No. 4 of 1897, thirteen cases were brought and eleven persons were convicted and seven discharged. These were mostly cases of harbouring, procuring and abduction.

12. There were also seventeen prosecutions and twenty-six persons were convicted on charges connected with trafficking in minors (Ordinance 2 of 1865, Offences against the Person).

13. For a fuller report on the work of the Po Leung Kuk, see Annexe A of this report.

EMIGRATION.

(Ordinance 30 of 1915).

(Tables IV & V).

14. The number of Assisted Emigrants was 6,242, as compared with 3,406 in 1935.

15. The number of women and children emigrants was 44,443 as compared with 35,216 in 1935.

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CHINESE BOARDING HOUSES.

(Ordinance 23 of 1917).

(Table VI).

16. At the end of the year there were 493 Boarding Houses of all classes as against 549 at the end of 1935. Four convictions were obtained under the Ordinance as compared with eight in 1935.

PERMITS.

(Ordinance 40 of 1932).

(Ordinance 22 of 1919).

17. 3,478 permits to fire crackers were issued, of which 2,419 were for weddings and the remainder for birthdays, shop-openings, etc. Seventy-seven permits were issued for theatrical performances.

18. Other permits issued were thirty for religious ceremonies and ten for processions.

REGISTRATION OF BOOKS,

(Ordinance 2 of 1888).

19. Forty-three books were registered during the year as compared with twenty-six in 1935.

REGISTRATION OF NEWSPAPERS.

(Ordinances 25 of 1927 and 1 of 1930).

20. The number of registered Chinese newspapers December 31st was thirty-seven of which fourteen registered during the year.

DISTRICT WATCH FORCE.

(Ordinance 23 of 1930).

(Table VII).

on

were

21. The District Watch Committee met on twelve occasions at the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs. In addition four meetings at which His Excellency the Governor presided were held at Government House. Through the kindness of His Excellency the Committee was able to meet the members of the Muitsai Commission on the occasion of their first visit to the Colony.

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All members attended and there was a valuable discussion with frank interchange of opinions. The following gentlemen served on the Committee throughout the year:

Mr. Li Yau-tsun, C.B.E.

Hon. Sir Shouson Chow, Kt.

Mr. Wong Iutung.

Dr. R. H. Kotewall, C.M.G., LL.D.

Mr. Li Po-kwai.

Dr. S. W. Tso, C.B.E., LL.D.

Hon. Mr. Chau Tsun-nin.

Hon. Mr. Lo Man-kam.

Mr. Wong Ping-sun.

Mr. Tang Shiu-kin, M.B.E. Mr. Sum Pak-ming.

Mr. Tam Woon-tong.

22. Messrs. Lau Ping-chai and Ng Wah retired on the expiration of their year of office as ex-Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital and Po Leung Kuk Committees respectively and were succeeded by Messrs. Peter H. Sin and Ng Yiu-wan.

23. The authorised strength of the Force is 140 and is composed as follows:-5 Head District Watchmen, 6 Assistant Head District Watchmen, 26 Detectives and 103 Uniform Men.

24. During the year three members of the Force were dismissed, five resigned, one was invalided and one died. Recruits were obtained to fill these vacancies.

25. Inspector K. W. Andrew was in charge of the Force until June 7th when his place was taken by Inspector E. J. Ellis, who has ably carried on the work and maintained the high standard of efficiency set by his predecessors.

26. 1936 has been a very busy year for the District Watch - Force. On the police side of its activities several records, set in 1935, have been broken. There were 1,546 successful prosecutions for crimes ranging from petty larceny to uttering of counterfeit coins and possession of arms. As usual excellent work has been done by the plain clothes detectives and particularly by the pickpocket squad which obtained 205 convictions for larceny from the person as compared with 181 convictions in 1935. There have been 22 convictions in cases of trafficking in women and girls but it is perhaps worthy of mention that the number of cases involving illegal transactions in respect of minors has shown a marked decrease as compared with former years.

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27. In addition to these more spectacular and easily ap- praisable achievements the District Watch Force has maintained its excellent standard of useful unobtrusive work in civil cases, trade and family disputes etc.

There were

28. The discipline of the Force has been good. 47 departmental reports and three dismissals for breaches of duty as compared with 75 reports and twelve dismissals in 1935. Two District Watchmen received the District Watch Medal, third class, for long and faithful.service and there were three commendations and one special promotion for good conduct and efficiency.

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL AND MAN MO TEMPLE.

(Tables VIII to XIX).

Ordinances 31 of 1930 & 10 of 1908).

29. The following gentlemen served on the Committee for 1936:

-

Mr. Lo Wing-kit,

Mr. Ngan Keng-hoi,

Mr. Chan Cheuk-man,

Mr. Kan Shiu-cho,

Mr. Lau King-tsing, Mr. Cheung Lan-chau, Mr. Ng Sz-ho,

Dr. Shi Man-wai, Mr. Chan Ching-man,

Mr. Mok Yu-ki,

Mr. Chan Tsun-tak,

Mr. Leung Pak-cheung.

30. A detailed report on the medical work of the Hospital, by the Visiting Medical Officer, will be found in Annexe B.

BREWIN CHARITY FUND.

(Tables XX to XXI).

31. The formation of this Fund was suggested by Mr. A. W. Brewin, Registrar General 1901-1912, for the assistance of widows and orphans, and of disabled workmen. A considerable sum was collected for the purpose in 1910 and in October 1911 a formal Trust Deed was signed laying down the conditions for the administration of the Fund.

The Tung Wah Hospital was made trustee of the Fund. The accounts are examined and certified yearly by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

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The full objects of the Fund as set out in the Deed are to provide for the benefit of any Chinese widows and orphans resident in the Colony who may become destitute and of Chinese workmen employed in the Colony who may become incapacitated for work by reason of old age or sickness or who may have been permanently disabled by any accident.

CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.

(See Annexe B and Tables XXII to XXVI).

WANCHAI MATERNITY HOSPITAL. (See Annexe B).

CHINESE PERMANENT CEMETERY,

(Table XXVII).

CHINESE RECREATION GROUND.

(Table XXVIII).

32. The Chinese Recreation Ground in Hollywood Road is controlled by a Committee consisting of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs as Chairman and the Chinese Members of the Executive and Legislative Councils.

33. The Ground consists of a large concrete-surfaced open space which contains several pavilions and is bordered by sixty substantially-built stalls or rather small shops which are let by tender to refreshment caterers, barbers, book-sellers, letter- writers, etc., and the income, when expenses have been deducted, is devoted to Chinese charities.

YAUMATI PUBLIC SQUARE.

(Table XXIX).

34. The Yaumati Public Square is also administered by the Chinese Recreation Ground Committee on the same lines as the Chinese Recreation Ground. The chief difference is that there is no open space, the whole of the Square being occupied by stalls, fifty-nine in all, most of which sell cooked food.

PASSAGE MONEY FUND.

(Table XXX).

TRANSLATION.

606

35. The total number of translations made in the Depart - ment during 1936 was 875 as compared with 860 in 1935. of these were from Chinese into English and 269 from English into Chinese. In addition a large number of translations made in other Government departments were sent to this office for revision.

1936

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LABOUR.

General.

36. Once again labour conditions in the Colony have been quiet during the year under review. As compared with 1935 there has been a marked decrease in unemployment especially among skilled and semi-skilled workers. This is undoubtedly due to the expansion and increased activity of our local industries which was foreshadowed in the annual report for 1935. The stabilisation of the local dollar at a comparatively low rate vis a vis sterling has been of great assistance to local industries and it is particularly gratifying to notice that heavy industries have had a fairly good year. There is still a certain amount of unemployment in the ranks of unskilled labour but this may be expected to decrease in proportion to the improvement in world conditions which is sharply reflected by the Colony's entrepot trade.

37. Unfortunately it has to be recorded that there is considerable unemployment in the New Territories though it would appear that this is largely attributable to a specific cause. Although practically all the. New Territories villagers are sinall land owners it has for a long time been customary for a large proportion of the male population to earn a livelihood at sea. At the beginning of the year it was brought to the notice of Government that one of the conditions governing the grant of the Imperial Government's shipping subsidy was that subsidised ships should employ British subjects and that this was leading to the dismissal of Chinese crews and their replacement by lascars from British India. The Government immediately instituted a system whereby Chinese seamen who were able to prove their claims to British nationality should be issued certificates of Nationality and Identity. By the end of the year approximately 734 certificates had been issued, mostly to inhabitants of the New Territories, and it is hoped that local shipping companies will be able gradually to re-employ many of those who are at present out of work.

Disputes and Strikes..

38. There were no strikes during the year and no disputes of more than minor importance. A certain amount of trouble was experienced in repatriating Northern Chinese who had been employed on the Shing Mun waterworks construction but, with the assistance of the Tung Wah Hospital authorities, á satisfactory working arrangement was evolved.

-

39. There have, of course, been many cases of individual hardship due to business failures and defaulting employers. This is inevitable under local conditions especially in connection with work undertaken by contractors. The Chinese custom of sub-letting contracts results in a hierarchy of sub-contractors of

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progressively diminishing financial stability. Competition is very severe and the result is that a large number of sub- contracts are secured by men of no substance, at figures too low to permit of honest fulfilment.

The evil is aggravated by the confiding nature of the average coolie who, so long as he receives his daily food, is content to wait indefinitely for his wages without lodging a complaint.

Cost of living of Poorer Classes.

40. The cost of living as reflected in the commodities rice, fish, meat, vegetables, oil, tea. firewood, clothes and shoes appears to have remained much the same for the beginning of the year as in 1935, but an upward trend is noticeable towards the end of the year. On two labour-food index figures taken for 1928-1933, the approximate percentage for 1936 rises from 75.8 in both cases in January 1936 to 80.9 and 91.8 respectively for December 1936.

41. So far as can be ascertained there has not been any corresponding rise in wages which remain at approximately the same levels as in 1935. Up to date this has not led to any serious industrial dispute but if the increase in the cost of living is maintained, wages adjustments may be necessary in the near future.

FACTORIES AND WORKSHOPS.

(Table XXXI).

42. There was a definite improvement in the industrial life of the Colony during the year, though, as usual, some of the smaller factories closed down after the annual settling of accounts at Chinese New Year.

43. There has been great activity in factories where electric torches, dry batteries, confectionery, cork and felt hats, rubber shoes and rubber knee boots are made. The sweet factories are adopting foreign styles in making and packing and have found good markets in Siam. Manila and Federated Malay States. The paper dyeing industry has been increased by the transfer of several concerns from Fat Shan, due to local facilities for obtaining the raw materials.

44. Within the last few months there has been a marked increase in the shirt and pyjama making industry. The output is mainly for export.

45. Factories have opened during the year for silk cloth printing, manufacture of hurricane lanterns and shoe making by machinery.

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46. Most of the factories are working full time. Working conditions are still improving and the majority of factories are now operating in fire resisting buildings. There has been no trouble over wage disputes or dismissals.

47. Owing to the change in the Policy of the Chinese Government, the local bank-note printing factories, which had had a very extensive business in the printing of Kwangtung and other bank-notes and vouchers, have been forced to close down. The notes are now printed in Canada and England.

48. There has been an increase in the number of registered factories and workshops. Sixty-four closed down, but ninety- nine fresh certificates were issued, the total number now standing at 541.

49. Legislation. There has been no further legislation introduced during the year. The 1932 Ordinance is still working satisfactorily.

50. Accidents. The number of accidents for the year is 74, an increase of 19 over last year's figures.

51. Prosecutions. There were two prosecutions for employing female workers during prohibited hours. Convictions were obtained in both cases.

CHINESE TEMPLES.

(Ordinance 7 of 1928).

(Tables XXXII and XXXIII).

52. The following gentlemen served on the Chinese Temples Committee during the year:-

(a) Hon. Sir Shouson Chow, Kt. (up to 8th July). Hon. Dr. R. H. Kotewall, c.M.G., Hon. Dr. S. W. Tso, C.B.E., Hon. Mr. T. N. Chau and Hon. Mr. M. K. Lo-Chinese Members of the Executive and Legislative Councils.

(b) Mr. Tang Shiu-kin, M.B.E.,-Representative of the

District Watch Committee.

(c) Dr. Li Shu-fan, Mr. W. N. Thomas Tam and Mr. B. Wong Tape,-Chinese Members of the Sanitary Board. (d) Mr. Lo Wing-kit, Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital

Committee.

(e) Mr. W. N. Thomas Tam, Chairman of the Po Leung

Kuk Committee.

(f) Mr. Leung Pak-chung, Representative of the Directors of the Tung Wah Hospital who are residents of Kowloon or New Kowloon,

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(g) Secretary for Chinese Affairs (Chairman).

53. The committee met twice at the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.

54. The following contributions Temples Fund during the year 1936:-

were made from the

$16,000.00 to the Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund. $27,104.41 to the Tung Wah Hospital.

$

$

200.00 to the Children's Playground Association.

500.00 to the Society for the Protection of Children.

$ 1,200.00 to Home for the Aged.

500.00 to St. John Ambulance Brigade.

ABERDEEN INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL.

(Table XXXIV).

55. The School has been built to accominodate 300 boys. 50 of whom are nominated by Government, 150 by the Executive Committee and 100 by the Salesian Society, managers of the School. With the exception of Government nominees. candidates for admission must possess a parental residential qualification of five years residence in the Colony. Pupils are divided into two categories, students and artisans. The ninimum age for admission of students is eight years and the maximum age for apprenticeship is fourteen years. Students follow the Government school programme for vernacular schools and no boy is permitted to be apprenticed to a trade until he has completed the fourth year Primary course. Artisans who have been apprenticed continue their general studies concurrently with their vocational training. Pupils are accepted twice a year in February and September. The length of the artisan apprenticeship course is three to five years. School fees are $150 per annun and these include board, lodging, uniform and tuition.

56. The first annual distribution of prizes was held in the school building on the 19th May. His Excellency the Governor very kindly attended and, before giving away the prizes. unveiled a bronze bust of Sir Robert Ho Tung, a generous benefactor to whom the school owes a deep debt of gratitude. After the distribution ceremony the visitors were able to make a tour of the buildings and to inspect an exhibition of the work performed by the pupils. The exhibition was of a very high standard and it was little short of incredible that such good results had been obtained after only one year's tuition.

57. A certain amount of damage to school property was caused by the typhoon of 17th August, the most serious item being the complete demolition of an iron shed which had been

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used as a playground in wet weather.

After consideration it was decided not to rebuild this structure but to replace it by a covered walk round the walls of the playground.

58. On the whole the school may be said to have had a good year but it is a regrettable fact that the financial anxieties of 1935 are by no means ended. The lack of an endowment fund continues to be a serious handicap to the adoption of any policy which is not immediately financially productive and there are many improvements and innovations which have had to be postponed owing to lack of funds.

59. The following gentlemen served on the Executive Committee during the year:-

(a) Secretary for Chinese Affairs (Chairman).

(b) Hon. Sir Shouson Chow, Kt.-Representative of the Chinese Member of the Executive and Legislative Councils.

(c) Mr. Li Yau-tsun, C.B.E.-Representative of the District

Watch Committee.

(d) Mr. Lo Wing-kit-Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital

Committee.

(e) Mr. W. N. Thomas Tam-Chairman of the Po Leung

Kuk Committee.

(f) Mr. Li Sing-kui-Chairman of the Chinese General

Chamber of Commerce.

(g) Dr. Li Shu-fan-Chinese Representative on the Sanitary

Board appointed by the Governor.

(h) Sir Robert Ho Tung-Appointed by the Governor.

(i) Rev. Father Braga and Rev. Father Bernardini-

Members of the Salesian Society.

STAFF.

SECRETARY FOR CHINESE AFFAIRS.

60. Mr. N. L. Sinith departed on home leave on 22nd of February and was succeeded by Mr. R. A. C. North who acted as Secretary for Chinese Affairs until 22nd of March when he was transferred to the post of acting Colonial Secretary. Mr. W. J. Carrie acted as Secretary for Chinese Affairs from 23rd of March until 25th of November when Mr. North again returned to the department. On the promotion of Mr. Smith to the post of Colonial Secretary, Mr. North was gazetted Secretary for Chinese Affairs with effect from 20th of October.

R. A. D. FORREST. Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

4th May, 1937.

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Annexe A.

Report on the work of the Po Leung Kuk for the year 1936.

(Tables A, B & C.)

The Po Leung Kuk Society was founded in 1878 to aid in the detection and suppression of kidnapping, especially of girls and women, and to shelter such girls or women as had been kidnapped in the interior and brought to Hong Kong for sale or emigration. Its name means "institution for the preservation of virtue. The initiative in its formation came from the Chinese themselves, and ever since by subscription and personal service. they have continued to support it.

2. The staff consists of a Chinese matron, two lady teachers, one nurse seven amals, one shroff and two clerks who are secretaries to the managing committee. The Committee meets every evening from Monday to Friday at 7 p.m., the principal meeting of the week being held at 12 noon on Sunday. It not only manages the Po Leung Kuk, but acts as an advisory committee to the Secretary for Chinese Affairs in all cases affecting women and children and Chinese family life generally. It corresponds when necessary with charitable institutions and private persons in various parts of China, traces parents of lost children and shelters for the night any Chinese woman or girl who chooses to go. When parents and relations cannot be traced, the Committee arranges for the girls in its care to be given in marriage (never as concubines) or in adoption, always under bond and always with the consent of this office; and in every case this office ascertains the girl's willingness before giving consent.

3. In addition to the annual Committee there is a Board of Permanent Direction, which serves to maintain continuity of policy and of which the Secretary for Chinese Affairs is the ex-officio chairman.

4. The following gentlemen-were-elected in April to serve as the Managing Committee for the year:

Mr. W. N. Thomas Tam,

Mr. Chan Kam-po,

Mr. Chiu Tsan-yue,

Mr. Chan Sing-chiu,

Mr. Ip Sui-shan,

Mr. Fung Ping-fan, Mr. Tong Mui-tsuen,

Mr. To Ki-cheung,

Mr. Yue Kam-sheung.

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5. The number of inmates of the Po Leung Kuk on 1st January, 1936, was fifty-nine and during the year 615 persons were admitted as against 369 in 1935. The circumstances of admission and the action taken in regard to them are set out in Table A.

6. Six hundred and thirteen women, girls and children were admitted without warrant and two under warrant. Twenty-five were lost children, sixty were accompanied by parents or guardians and twenty-four were maidservants or Muitsai who had left their employers.

7. On leaving the Kuk 242 persons were restored to husbands or other relatives, thirty-nine were sent to charitable institutions in China, eleven were given in adoption, 267 were released after enquiries, twelve were released under bond, and twenty-five were sent to a School, Convent or Refuge in the Colony. The number of inmates remaining in the Kuk on December 31st was seventy-one.

8. One hundred and thirteen cases of sickness were sent to the Tung Wah Hospital and one to the Government Civil Hospital for treatment and of these seven died.

9. The Hon. Dr. S. W. Tso, C.B.E., and Lieutenant- Colonel H. B. L. Dowbiggin, O.B.E., continued to serve as Visiting Justices throughout the year.

10. I regret to report the death on the 28th of December of Mrs. R. H. Kotewall, who shared with Mrs. S. W. Tso the duties of Lady Visitors to the Kuk. Mrs. Kotewall had served in this capacity for fourteen years and to her influence is due in no small degree the progress which has been made during that period in the care and comfort of the inmates of the institution.

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Annexe B.

THE CHINESE HOSPITALS AND DISPENSARIES.

1. The Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries are institutions established by the Chinese for the benefit of the poor of Chinese nationality. Intended to be additional to, not in substitution of, the Government Hospitals they serve a very useful purpose not only in the matter of medical relief but also in that of health education.

}

2. During the year 474,817 cases were seen of which 252,444 were new patients; 57,251 persons were vaccinated.

3. There are three general hospitals each with maternity wards attached; one smallpox hospital, one maternity hospital and nine public dispensaries.

They are, maintained by subscriptions from the public, by donations from the Chinese General Charities Fund and by direct grants from Government. They are controlled by Chinese Committees which work in close co-operation with the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

4. In the three big hospitals the patient can choose between Western and Chinese methods of treatment, but in the Maternity Hospitals and Dispensaries Western Medicine only is practised. Government Lady Doctors hold gynaecological clinics in each of the dispensaries once or twice a week.

5. Both Hospitals and Dispensaries are subject to inspection by the Government Medical Department. There are four officers of the Department whose duty it is to visit the various institutions and to give advice and assistance. These officers work in close touch with the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

THE CHINESE HOSPITALS.

6. The Tung Wali Hospital situated in the centre of the most thickly populated area in Victoria was first occupied in 1873. The Tung Wah Smallpox Hospital situated at the extreme west end of Victoria was erected in 1902.

The Tung Wah Eastern Hospital situated at the extreme east end of Victoria was opened in 1929. The Government gave the sites and with grants of money assisted in the erection of the buildings. The Kwong Wah Hospital situated in the Central District of Kowloon was built in 1911 to meet the needs of those resident in the Peninsula. The funds for its erection were raised by public subscription.

7. In administrative control of the four hospitals is the Tung Wal Committee, a body of Chinese gentlemen elected each year by the subscribers.

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י

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8. Originally intended for the accommodation and treatment of those Chinese whose fears and prejudices against Western Medicine prevented their applying for relief at the Government Hospitals, these hospitals at a later period introduced and encouraged scientific methods. As prejudice disappeared and confidence grew the demand for Western medicine has increased until now the number of in-patients being treated by this method is almost double that which still pins its faith to Chinese medicine.

9. The activities of the Chinese Hospitals include:-

(a) The care of the sick and treatment by Western methods or Chinese methods according to the wishes of the patients.

(b) Maternity benefits and infant welfare by Western

methods only.

(c) Vaccination.

(d) Health propaganda.

(c) Assistance to the destitute.

(f) The provision of coffins for and the burial of the

dead.

10. In spite of the financial difficulties caused by the recent economic depression and the consequent reduction in the rentals from property, it has been found possible to maintain the improvements previously effected and even to add to them in certain important particulars :

(a) Early in the year 1936, the Directors converted a portion of the old outpatient department at the Tung Wah Hospital into a children's ward of twenty cots. By increasing the number of windows and doors, it has been made into a light and airy ward which is usually fully occupied.

(b) A male fracture ward of sixteen beds was made in

another part of the former outpatient department.

(c) The waste land in front of the main entrance to the New Block has been made into a garden and adds considerably to the appearance of the hospital grounds.

(d) As most of the Kwong Wah Hospital buildings are old, considerable repairs had to be undertaken after the August Typhoon.

C 17

(e) At the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital the accommoda- tion for outpatients desiring herbal treatment has been improved. Alterations are being made to the flush system to allow the use of nullah water, thus effecting considerable saving on excess water charges.

11. Each of the three Chinese Hospitals has a good operating theatre where operations are performed daily, many of which are major operations.

12. In charge of the medical side (Western) of each hospital is a Medical Superintendent, a graduate of the University, whose salary is paid by Government, and who is a member of the Medical Department.

THE TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

13. The year 1933 witnessed the demolition and reconstruc- tion of a considerable portion of this institution. Established in 1873 and added to from time to time it had become a con- fusing assemblage of buildings some of which were much below the standard required in a modern hospital or infirmary. As mentioned in the 1933 annual report many of the wards were old, dark, and in some respects insanitary, but they provided shelter, food and medical attendance for many sufferers who would otherwise have had no means of relief.

14. Nothing short of demolition and reconstruction could make the place satisfactory. There were, of course, sentimental objections to the demolition of the fine old assembly hall where year after year the directors had met and discussed the problems confronting them but space was very limited and it was not possible to retain the old hall and at the same time erect a building which would meet the requirements of the situation. It was decided, therefore, to raze the hall and the insanitary buildings and construct in their place a six storey modern hospital incorporating in it a new assembly hall.

15. The New Block, which was opened to receive patients early in 1934, contains accommodation for 144 beds. The whole hospital now has accommodation for 470 beds. It is hoped to replace the remaining out-of-date buildings as funds become available.

16. The staff consists of a Chinese Medical Officer of the Government Medical Department and three Resident Medical Officers whose salaries are paid by the Hospital. There are in addition a number of Chinese Herbalists who practise Chinese Medicine for the benefit of those who prefer that treatment.

-

17.

1935

C 18

-

In-patients (General).

Western Chinese Maternity Total. treatment. treatment.

cases.

7,157

4,984

1,833

13,974

17,008

1936

9,251 5,723 2,034

18. There were 1,586 operations including 303 major cases.

19.

Out-patients (General).

Western

Chinese

Total.

treatment.

treatment.

1935

34,748

170,584

205,332

1936

33,486

165,370

198,856

20.

Eye Clinic

1935

16,312

1936

16,996

21.

Baby Clinic.

1935

2,523

1936

1,726

22.

Deaths. Brought in dead.

1935

1936

2,539

3,326

645

990

23. A large proportion of the deaths in the Hospital occur within 24 hours of admission. The sick poor go there to die. Those brought in dead include bodies sent from ships in harbour, from neighbouring hospitals, from the Public Dispensaries and from private houses. All are taken to the Tung Wah for the benefit of free coffining and free burial.

THE KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.

24. This hospital does for Kowloon and the Peninsula what the Tung Wah and the Tung Wah Eastern do for the Island of Hong Kong. There is official accommodation for about 326 beds, of which 229 are for general diseases, 40 are for tuberculosis cases and 57 are for maternity cases. 18 private wards including 7 for maternity cases.

There are

C 19

25. The accommodation cannot keep pace with the growth in population. Kowloon has considerably more than doubled itself during the last ten years. No patient is turned away for want of room and in both medical and surgical wards it is common to find two in a bed and others sleeping on the floor.

26. The staff consists of a Senior Resident Medical Officer whose salary is paid by the Government, and three Assistant Medical Officers paid by the Directors.

27. There are also a number of Chinese Herbalists who practice Chinese medicine and are paid out of Hospital funds.

28. The patients, on admittance, can choose whether they desire treatment on Western or Chinese lines.

29.

In-patients (General).

Western Chinese Maternity Total. treatment. treatment.

1935.

1936

cases.

9,155

4,436

7,365 3,364 4,439

4,173

15,168

17,764

30. There were 316 operations, including 106 major opera- tions, as compared with 408 in 1935.

31.

Out-patients (General).

Western

Chinese

Total.

treatment.

treatment.

1935

47,700

162,779

210,479

1936

48,106

182,813

220,919

32. There were 3,661 eye cases as compared with 3,590) during the previous year.

33. The number of deaths in hospital was 4,828 of which 1,206 were admitted in a serious condition and died within 24 hours. 1,330 bodies were brought in for burial.

34. There is a small laboratory where facilities are available for ordinary routine microscopic examination.

35. A children's clinic is held twice a week. The attendance numbered 7,812 as compared with 5,288 in 1935.

36. There is also an antenatal clinic held once a woek in the Maternity Block. The number of cases seen was 134 as against 110 in 1935.

37.

1935

1936

C.20

Vacitions,

1,858

1,450

THE TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL.

38. This hospital was built in 1929. It is situated in the eastern part of the City of Victoria overlooking the Sookunpoo Valley playing-fields. It has modern fittings and equipment. All the wards have through ventilation and there is a modern well-lighted operating theatre. There is accommodation for 250 beds, of which 208 are for general, 14 for maternity and 28 for tuberculosis patients.

39. The staff consists of a Chinese Medical Officer whose salary is paid by Government, and two Assistant Medical Officers appointed by the Directors.

40. As in the other Chinese Hospitals, patients on admission can choose whether they wish to be treated by the Western- trained Medical Officers or the Chinese Herbalists.

41.

In-patients (General).

Western Chinese Maternity Total. treatment. treatment. cases.

1935

1936

4,847

4,081

2,185 1,154

8,186

2,650 1,200

8,831

42. Major Operations under General Anaesthesia.

1935

1936

43.

Out-patients (General).

127

204

Western

Chinese

Totul.

treatment.

treatment.

1935

28,122

61,358

89,480

1936

36,569

62,849

99,418

44.

Vaccinations,

1935

1936

438

532

C 21

45. Two wards have been set aside (one male and one feinale) for patients who are able to make some payment but who cannot afford a private room. The charge in these wards is $1.40 per day including food and medicine. Each patient can, if he desires, bring in an attendant to help in looking after him. There are 14 beds in the Male Ward and 8 in the Female.

46. There are 24

small private wards where the inclusive fee per day is $3.00. The wards are popular.

47. A ward of 12 beds has been reserved for the treatment of opium addicts. During the year 404 patients were treated. The course of treatment is usually complete within fourteen days. The cost is defrayed by Government.

The treatment consists of autogenous serum injections and general stimulants.

48. Deaths in 1936 number within 24 hours of admission. burial.

1,935. 1,024 of these died 804 bodies were brought in for

THE TUNG WAH SMALL-POX HOSPITAL.

49. The Tung Wah Small-pox Hospital, erected in 1902 for the herbal treatment of small-pox cases, consists of six wards arranged in three two-storied blocks and faced by another group of three two-storied blocks intended for staff quarters and for administration purposes. At a distance and separated by a yard are the kitchens, the servants quarters and the mortuary. The whole is contained in a large compound. All the blocks are connected by covered ways. The building was severely damaged by a typhoon in August.

50. During 1936 by arrangement with the Tung Wal Hospital Committee this hospital has been used for the segregation and treatment of lepers under Government medical supervision. Admissions during the year totalled 113.91 males and 22 females. No cases of small-pox were admitted during 1936.

51. This hospital is now Victoria Goal Medical Officer. Government Civil Hospital.

under the surveillance of the A dresser attends daily from the

THE WANCHAI OR EASTERN MATERNITY HOSPITAL.

52. This hospital is run in conjunction with the Eastern Dispensary. It is in charge of a. Western trained Chinese Doctor and continues to provide most satisfactory and efficient service for this densely populated district.

53. The total number of beds is 31, and the number of admissions 871. There were no maternal deaths during the year.

יידי

•

"

22

54. The number of patients who have been delivered on two or more occasions in this hospital are as follows:-

2nd time

3rd

22

4th

""

5th

6th

J

187

70°

11

16

g

4

3

7th

8th

2

THE CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.

55. The origin of the Chinese Public Dispensaries was a movement made in 1904 by certain leading Chinese citizens especially Messrs. Fung Wa-chun, Lau Chu-pak and Ho Kom-tong, with the help and encouragement of Mr. A. W. Brewin, then Registrar-General. This movement began in the hope of coping with the scand I of the abandonment of dead bodies in the streets.

56. In 1905 two depots were established the Western and the Eastern. In immediate charge of each depot was a Chinese doctor qualified in Western medicine who was assisted by an English-speaking clerk.

57. In 1909 the Government gave the movement public support and encouragement and the Committee became the Chinese Public Dispensaries Committee under the Chairman- ship of the Registrar-General, now the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

58. It was declared at the time that the work of the depots or dispensaries was not hospital work and that the Chinese doctors employed were simply to diagnose disease and not to treat it. However, treatment centres were needed, and treatment, commenced in a small way, gradually developed until now the principal function of the dispensaries is medical relief. But in addition to the ordinary work of the clinic and dispensary these institutions serve as depots where the poor may apply for assistance in matters connected with:

(a) The removal of patient to hospital.

(b) Certification as to the cause of death.

(c) Removal of corpses to mortuaries.

(d) Supply of coffins and arrangements for burial. (e) The registration of births.

(f) Vaccination.

C 23

59. There are now nine Chinese Public Dispensaries, five on the Island of Hong Kong and four in Kowloon. The Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital, which was formerly administered by the Committee of the Chinese Western Dispensary, was handed over to Government as a gift on January 1st 1934.

60. One of the Dispensaries is housed in rooms attached to a temple. Another, at Aberdeen, consists of two rented shops temporarily adapted for the purpose. Gradually up-to-date buildings are taking the place of the temporary ones. The Dispensaries at Shaukiwan, and Wanchai are excellent buildings of their kind, as are those on the Kowloon side at Yaumati, Kowloon City and Shamshuipo.

61. This latter is housed in a new building which was opened on 26th October, 1936. Designed on modern lines it affords ample accommodation for the large clientile which attend daily.

62. Bacteriological investigations have been carried out by the Government Bacteriologist for the various dispensaries. The work has consisted largely in the examination of blood films for malaria and throat swabs for Diphtheria. The number of Malarial cases diagnosed inicroscopically are as follows:-

Benign Tertian

Sub

>"

Quarter

Mixed

Type Unknown

Total

1,180

1,062

199

74

553

3,068

63. A gynaecological clinic is held by one of the Government Lady Medical Officers once or twice a week at each of the Dispensaries.

64. Each dispensary has a room attached to it where dead bodies can be received for transport to the mortuaries preliminary to burial. Coffins are provided free.

On 11th March, 1936, a beginning was made with a Public Dispensary in Stanley Village replacing and continuing a privately operated dispensary under the auspices of St. Stephen's College. This is additional to the nine dispensaries referred to in paragraph 59. The premises are part of a temple building. No collections have so far been made in Stanley itself, and expenses are defrayed from the Aberdeen Dispensary funds.

Table A.

Number of Women, Girls and Children, admitted to the Po Leung Kuk during the year 1936 and the

arrangements made regarding them.

Committed under Warrant from the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.

Committed under Warrant from the Emigration Office.

Sent with their own

consent by

the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

consent

from Singapore & Sandakan. Sent with their own consent by the Police.

Lost Children.

Accompanying parents or

guardians.

Runaway girls.

Total.

Sent with their own

Released after enquiries.

Released under bond.

Placed in charge of husbands.

Placed in charge of parents and relatives.

Sent to Charitable Institution in China.

Sent to School, Convent, or Refuge.

Adopted.

Married.

Died.

Cases under consideration.

Total.

In the Po Leung Kuk on 1st January, 1936

21

15

3

4

16

59

18

2

2

16

1

9

1

Admitted during the year

2

447

16 41

25 | 60

24

615

249 | 10

3 221 38 16 10

Total

2

468

16 56

64 40

674 267 12

237 39

25

25

Remaining in the Po Leung Kuk on the 31st December,

1936

53

8

10

4

71

1

1

1

==

L

10

59

61

615

11

771

674

1

C 24

Table B.

PO LEUNG KUK

Statement of Receipts and Expenditure from 1st January to 8th April, 1936.

C 25-

RECEIPTS.

EXPENDITURE.

€9

Ꮭ .

*To Balance from previous year, Rent from House property

18,234.61 By Wages

$1,383.00

395.00

Food

957.35

Payment by A. Fong Photographer

Fuel and Light

130.32

(First half year)

250.00

Passage Money

21.15

Contributions on festivals

355.00

Printing and Stationery

49.24

Premium on Bank notes

8.17

Petty Expenditure

142.69

Telephone

32.25

Water Account

130.27

Crown Rent and Rates

127.50

Medical Apparatus and

Drugs

27.85

Repairs

86.29

Miscellaneous

581.73

3,669.64

Total

19,242.78

* Including $7,405.97 balance of the New Building Fund hitherto kept as a separate account.

14,675.56

19,242.78

Certified by the Statutory Declaration of Wong Kat Shin and Chan Kam Po, Members of the Board of Directors.

Loss by defalcation Balance

897.58

Total

Table C.

PO LEUNG KUK

Statement of Receipts and Expenditure from 9th April to 31st December, 1936.

RECEIPTS.

C.

EXPENDITURE.

C.

C 26-

Handed over by previous Committee Defalcation made good by previous Committee

14,675.56 Wages

$4,324.30

Food

3,293.06

4,354.46 Fuel and Light

720.80

Passage Money

78.30

Subscription:-

Grant by Hong Kong Govt. $7,000.00 Guilds

Rent from House property.

Printing and Stationery

28.90

Petty Expenditure

1,420.89

1,050.95

Telephone

96.75

2,656.00

Water Account

505.28

Yim Fong and A. Fong Photographers

Crown Rent and Rates

511.00

450.00

Medical Apparatus and Drugs.

113.00

Yue Lan & other celebra-

Repairs

1,386.63

tions

1,005.00

Miscellaneous

2,858.16

Proceeds from sale of

15,337.07

handwork

Miscellaneous

48.50

284.12

Balance:

12,494.57

in cash

at bank

479.34

15,774.13

Interest on current account

Total

65.95

31,590.54

16,258.47

Total

31,590.54

Certified by the Statutory Declaration of Wong Kat Shiu and Chan Kam Po, Members of the Board of Directors.

C 27

Table I.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1935 AND 1936.

Personal Emoluments*

1935.

$125,292.93

1936.

$137,510.85

Other Charges.

Conveyance Allowances

1,299.00

1,231.00

Incidental Expenses

861.18

945.26

Library

100.28

187.89

Transport

70.65

73.00

Total personal Emoluments and

Other Charges

$127,624.04

$139,948.00

*Includes Officers of Cadet, S.C. & A. and J.C. Services.

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1935 AND 1936

1935.

1936.

Licences and Internal Revenue

not otherwise specified.

Chinese Boarding House Licences

$11,209.67

$24,263.00

Emigration Passage Broker Licences.

1,210.00

1,230.00

Forfeitures

205.00

Fees of Court or Office.

Certificates to Chinese Proceeding

to Foreign Countries

550.00

300.00

Miscellaneous

10.00

764.00

Official Signatures

145.00

75.00

Miscellaneous Receipts.

Condemned Stores

53.75

Total

$13,329.67

$26,685.75

"

:

- C 28

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE FOR

LAST TEN YEARS.

*Personal

Emoluments

Year.

and Other Charges.

Special Expenditure.

Total Expenditure.

Total

Revenue.

1927.....

76,979.90

120.00

77,099.90

22,318.25

1928..

73,738.41

73,738.41 20,040.53

1929...... 78,121.08

78,121.08 16,828.36

1930...

130,279.41

130,279.41 20,176.06

1931...... 135,424.29

135,424.29

18,771.59

1932..

1933.......

130,880.54

130,880.54

17,344.03

175,321.51

175,321.51

16,347.60

1934....... 141,831.49

141,831:49 17,618.75

1935..... 127,624.04

127,624.04

13,329.67

1936..... 139,948.00

139,948.00

26,685.75

* Includes officers of Cadet, S. C. & A., & J. C. Services attached

to department.

C 29

Table IV.

Number of Female Passengers and Boys examined and passed before the Secretary for Chinese Affairs under "The Asiatic Emigration Ordinance, 1915",

during the year 1936.

Women and Children 1936.

Total Women

and Children

Women Girls Boys Total

1935.

Macassar

228

46

113

387

372

Straits Settlements and F.M.S. 28,967

4,260 4,090 37,317

28,918

Dutch Indies

191

37

70

298

289

Belawan Deli

238

66

100

404

281

British North Borneo

988

220

295

1,503

1,334

Honolulu

130

33

51

214

158

United States of America

178

53

170

401

440

South America

109

11

45

165

127

Mauritius & Reunion

120

6

64

190

140

Australia

17

19

37

35

India

114

18

37

169

140

South Africa

25

1

21

4F

47

17

Vancouver

116

11

146

273

225

Batavia

1,030

120

262

1,412

1,571

Sourabaya

279

44

115

438

468

Rangoon

507

168

294

969

499

Billiton

7

2

4

13

Victoria

15

34

49

52

Seattle

37

13

107

157

149

33,296

5,110 6,037 44,443

35,216

€ 30

Table V

NUMBER OF ASSISTED EMIGRANTS.

Rejected.

Year. Examined. Passed.

Un- willing.

Rejected Rejected

at by S.C.A. Doctor.

Total

Rejected.

Percentage

of Rejection.

1935,

3,593 3,406

1

Nil

4

187

5.1

1936,

·6,505 6,242

2

3

263

4.04

*This number includes those who failed to appear for the final examination,

NATIVE DISTRICTS OF ASSISTED EMIGRANTS PASSED.

West River

East River

North River

Canton

Delta

Kwong Sai

Southern Districts

Total

1,641

2,618

252

194

.... 1,023 ·

301

213

... 6,242

:

•

-

**

C 31

Table V,-Continued..

DESTINATION OF ASSISTED EMIGRANTS.

Whither bound.

Dutch Indies:

Male Assisted Emigrants.

1935.

1936.

Muntok

1,895

2,859

Billiton

622

2,371

Gavutu

1

Ocean Islands

306

558

Nauru

459

320

Mombasa

1

Sydney

Melbourne

9

2 2 4

9

New Hebrides

Sandakan

Total

112

121

3,406

6,242

Classification of the Assisted Emigrants examined, according to the language spoken gives the following figures:-

Cantonese

Hakka

Hainanese

Total

Table VI.

3,411

2,618

213

6,242

Chinese boarding house licence returns under the Boarding House Odinance No. 23 of 1917.

I II IV V VI VII Total

Class.

No. in existence at begin-

ning of 1936....

1

68

4 139 254 83

549

No. in existence at end of

1936...

1

68

2 102

237

83

493

:

C 32

Table VII.

Statement of the Receipts and Expenditure relative to the Hong Kong District

Watchman Fund for the year 1936.

1

House rents

Rent for permission to erect an iron gate on s.s. 2 of Section A on I.L. 680, for 1935 & 1936 (West Point D.W. Quarters)

Receipts.

c.

Expenditure

€€

C.

C.

To Balance

139,171.32

Wages and Salaries

Chief District Watchmen

2,880 00

Assistant Chief District

Contributions (Victoria:

Watchmen

3,422.00

$43,282.21 + Kowloon:

Detectives

10,674.13

$13,722.80)

57,005.01

Ist Class District Watchmen 13,264.97

2nd

14,589.20

">

3rd

970.31

Grant by Hong Kong Government

100.00

>"

45,800.61

Miscellaneous :-

Payment to District Watchmen

for special services

Cooks

2,413.00

Coolies

Messenger

Fines

53.50

11

Office Staff:-

Manager

536.00

Collectors

1,104.00

840.00

96.00

2,040.00

180.00 1,176.00

Total

1,356.00

49,196.61

Other Charges

Allowance to Detectives

2,105.47

2.00

Medal allowance

1,248.00

Rent allowance

2,923.65

Sale of unserviceable stores

40.00

Conservancy allowance

42.00

:

+

Interest on Hong Kong Govern- ment 4% Conversion Loan

Conveyance allowance &c. Electric charges

860.38

1,046.84

Telephone rentals

585.00

1,520.00

Stationery and printing

427.24

Uniform and equipment

4,286.45

Interest on Fixed Deposits

900.00

Repairs and fittings

223.48

Crown Rents

11.37

::

Interest on Current Account

Premium on Fire Policy

426.84

842.84

Water Account

15.00

Gratuities and rewards

4,455.50

Sundries

1,049.22

19,706.44

Pensions :-

Ex. C.D.W. Tsui Cheuk and others

3,302,52

Total Expenditure

72,205.57

Balance

130,378.10

Total

202,583.67

Total

202,583.67

Balance:

Hong Kong Government 4% Conversion Loan.$ 38,000.00 Cash

Fixed Deposits (H. K. & Sh. Bk.)

Fixed Deposits (Treasury)

Advance to C. D. Ws.

Total

52,218.10

10,000.00

30,000.00

160.00

$130,378.10

Examined and Found correct.

S. W. TSO.

LI YAU TSUN,

Members of D. W. Cec. Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.

Hong Kong, 31st December, 1936.

R. A. C. NORTH

S. C. A.

J. C. Mc. DOUALL

A. S. C. A.

KO CHUNGWOON,

Manager, D.W.F.

Receipts.

Cash Account from last year:

Tung Wah Hospital Account Tung Wah Eastern Hospital Kwong Wah Hospital

Emergency Fund

Man Mo Temple

$168,144.76 122,701.66 22.241.49

Current Account with Tung Wah Eastern

Hospital

Current Account with Kwong Wah Hospital

C 33

Table VIII.

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL

CASH ACCOUNT 1936.

€9

C.

Payments.

Debit balance due by Old Site Re-building

Fund from last year

Debit balance due by Tung Wah Hospital Re-

building Fund from last year

$

C.

$ 21,985.93

86,525.74

99,149.88

2,997.51

Debit balance due by Land Purchasing Fund

from last year

194,385.78

$415,235.30 | Debit balance due by Po Leung Kuk site Re-

building Fund from last year

79,322.31

83,889.43 Current account with Kwong Wah Hospital

81,215.20

76,963.95

وو

Tung Wah Eastern, Hos-

Man Mo Temple

24,574.81

pital

85,103.69

Mr. Brewin's Fund

13,970.54

Man Mo Temple

29,227.55

19

"

12

ܙܕ

H. K. Typhoon Relief

Fund

Emergency Fund

91.10

1,986.73

>

Kap Shut Year New

J

})

27

Po Leung Kuk Site Re-

building Fund

Hospital Re-building

-12,594.27

Fund

18,866.83

San Mi Yr. Land Pur-

chasing Fund

11,886.19

H. K. Typhoon Relief

Fund

1,986.78

3.2

""

Kap Shut Tung Wah

21

Rents from house Property

Hospital Re-building

Subscriptions collected from Steamers

Annual subscriptions of Hongs

Annual subscriptiors from wealthy persons Subscriptions and donations

Subscriptions from charitable persons

Special contributions for supply of medicines,

quilted clothing, coffins and shrouds

Government Grants

Government Grants for coffins

Government Grant for Western inedicines

Grant from Man Mo Temple

Contributions from Theatres

Subscriptions from coffin home

San Mi Year Land Pur-

chasing Fund

3,063.20

Fund

14,441.83

76,384.46

་ ་

2,005.49

5,300.60

4,250.00 Provisions for staff

Old Site Re-building Fund Po Leung Kuk Site Re-

building Fund

Mr. Brewin's Fund

67.50

12,594.27

2,250.00

15,182.76

13,279.59 Salaries for staff

53,630.07

58,154.03 Provisions for sickroom and destitute persons

Sick room sundry Expenses

28,024.04

13,110.54

1,471.60 Hospital destitute persons Sundry Expenses

9,155.99

8,000.00 Chinese drugs

24,961.52

10.000.00 Western drugs

16,105.86

2,500.00 Repairs

8,525.57

2,500.00 Destitutes and Patients' passages

487.73

1,120.00 Repairs to landed property and water 2,080.00 Lights

3,941.86

Interest on loans and deposits

12,123.63 Insurance

Premium on notes and discount on

ods pur-

Crown rent and taxes

chased

1,504.08

rant to Old Men's Asylum, Kowloon

Foes from Patients

8,443.16

581.05

12,821.55

100.00

Rent from coffin home

Sale of medicines and kitchen reise. boat-hire

and rent from ambulance

Rent from Yat Pit Ting and Wing Pit Ting.. Rent from iron burner Receipts for meals supplied to returned emigrant Subscription from charitable Boxes

Theatrical Performances

Proceeds from Ancestral Worship at Ming Yuen

Garden

9,950.87 Sundry Expenses for coffin home and burial 10,658.85 ground

Small pox Hospital expenses

1,520.00 Grant to Kwong Wah Hospital

1,383.00

324.78

2,907.94

9,259.92 Stamps and stationery

2,191.32

22,600.00

ནཾ,

Tung Wah Eastern Hospital

29,400.00

2,766.08

.. Fong Pin Hospital, Canton 32.40 Burial of bodies by Tung Wah Hospital

Government Mortuary

1,000.00

3,511.74

2,341.16

Interest on deposits

250.62

Proceeds from Sale of Flowers

10,235.78 Coffins for bodies buried by Tung Wah Hospital

3,638.34

Govt. Mortuary

5,206.19

4,259.61

7

Transferred from Po Leung Kuk Site Re-

building Fund Rent Account Transferred from Tung Wah Hospital Re-

building Fund Rent Account

Balance

39,304.66

9,122.96

10,270.87

Total

$925,055.55

Total

$925,055.55

The balance of $39,304.66 consists of the following credit balances:

(1) Tung Wal Hospital

(2) Tung Wah Eastern Hospital

(3) Kwong Wah Hospital

(4) Emergency Fund

(5) Mr. Brewin's Fund

.$168,592.20

121,487.40

17,990.24

99,058.78

11,720.54

$418,849.16

from which must be deducted the following debit balances

(1) San Mi Year Land Purchasing Fund..$185,562.79 (2) Po Leung Kuk Site Re-building Fund (3) Kap Shut Year New Hospital Re-

building Fund

(4) Tung Wah Hospital Re-building Fund (5) Man Mo Temple

79,822.31

90,950.74

22,053.43

1,655.23.

379,544.50

$ 39,304.66

(FOR PARTICULARS SEE SEPARATE SHEET ATTACHED)

LO WING KIT,

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NGAN KENG HOI

Translated from the Chinese Account Statements by

LI TUNG, Auditor.

Hong Kong, 30th March, 1937.

INCOME.

C 34

Table IX.

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL

INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT 1936.

$

C.

EXPENDITURE

*

C.

ORDINARY

Subscriptions:-

Annual subscriptions from Hongs...$ 5,300.60) Subscriptions collected on steamers. Subscriptions from charitable

MAINTENANCE

Provisions:

Food for Staff

2,005.49

Food for sick room

$15,182.76

28,024.04!

$ 43,206.80

58,154.03

persons

Subscriptions from wealthy persons

4,250.00

Chinese drugs

Surgery and Dispensary:-

Subscriptions and donations

13,279.50

Western drugs

24,961.52

16,105.86

Subscriptions from charitable Boxes

32.40

41,067.38

$ 83,022.11 Establishments:

Grants:-

Lights

Government

$8,000.00

Insurance

8,443.16 581.05

for coffins

10,000.00

Repairs

8,525.57

western medicine

2,500.00

Repairs to hospital property & water

3,941.86

Man Mo Temple

2,500.00

Sick room expenses

13,110.54

28,000.00

Small pox hospital expenses

2,907.94

Special contributions:--

Coffin home and burying ground

For Mortuary expenses

2,080.00|

expenses

324.78

From Theatres

1,120.00

Crown rent and taxes

12,821.55

For supply of medicines, quilted

clothing, coffins and shrouds ...

50,656.45

1,471.60

Salaries, Wages, &c:-

4,671.60

Staff salaries

53,630.07

Investments:

مديرية

Sundry expenses

9,155.99

Rents from house property

76,384.46

62,786.06

coffin home

10,658.85

Appeals, grants &c:-

Yat Pit Ting and Wing

17

"

Destitutes and Patients' passages

487.781

Pit Ting

1,520.00!

Kwong Wah Hospital

22,600.00

iron burner

1,383.00

Tung Wah Eastern Hospital

29,400.00

Bank and loan Interest

12,123.63,

Old Men's Assylum, Kowloon

100.00

102,069.94

Fong P'in Hospital, Canton

1,000.00

Other receipts:-

53,587.73

Premium on notes & discount on

Miscellaneous: -

goods purchased

1,504.08

Stationery, &c.

2.191.32

Fee from Patients

9,950.87

Burial of bodies by Tung Wal

Sale of medicines kitchen refuse,

Hospital

3,511.74

boat, hire and rent from red cross ambulance

Coffins for bodies buried by Tung

9,259.92

Wah Hospital

5,206.19

20,714.87

Burial of bodies by Government

EXTRAORDINARY

Mortuary

2,341.16

Receipts for meals supplied to

returned emigrants

$

Coffins for bodies buried by Govt. Interest on deposits

4,259.61

250.62

Subscriptions froin Theatrical Per-

17,760.64

formance

2,766.08

Proceeds from Ancestral Worship

Total Expenditures during 1936

$269,065.06

at Ming Yuen Garden

10,235.78

Proceeds from sale of Flower

3,638.34

Balance

168,592.20

Transferred from Po Leung Kuk

Re-building Fund Rent Account

9,122.96

Transferred from Kap Shut Year

Tung Wah Hospital Re-building Fund Rent Account

10,270.87

Total Income during 1926

Balance brought forward from 1935

Total

36,033.98 $269,512.50

168,144.76

$437,657.26

Total

$437,657.26

LO WING KIT,

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NGAN KENG HOI

Translated from Chinese Account Statements by

LI TUNG, Auditor.

Hong Kong, 30th March, 1937.

Dr.

To withdrawals during 1936

balance

Table X.

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

Statements of Current Account for 1936.

Kwong Wah Hospital Current Account.

$ 81,215.20 | By Balance brought forward from 1935 17,990.24 Deposits during 1936

99,205.44

Cr.

$ 22,241.49

76,963.95

99,205.44

C 35

Dr.

To withdrawals during 1936

Man Mo Temple Current Account.

$ 29,227.55 | By Balance brought forward from 1935

$ 29,227.55

Deposits during 1936

Balance

Cr.

$ 2,997.51

24,574.81

1,655.23

$ 29,227.55

Dr.

To withdrawals during 1936

Balance

Dr.

To withdrawals during 1936

Balance

Table X,-(Continued).

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

Statement of Current Accounts for 1936.

Emergency Fund Current Account

Cr.

$

91.10 By Balance brought forward, from 1935

99,149.88

99,058.78

$ 99,149.88

Tung Wah Eastern Hospital Current Account

$ 85,103.69 By Balance brought forward from 1935

121,487.40

$206,591.09

Deposits during 1936

$ 99,149.88

Cr.

$122,701.66

83,889.43

$206,591.09

36

:

Table X,-(Continued).

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

Statement of Current Accounts for 1936.

Dr.

Kap Shut Year New Hospital Site Re-building. Fund Current Account.

To Balance brought forward from 1935

withdrawals during 1936

86,525.74 By Rent received during 1936 18,866.83

$105,392.57

Balance

Cr.

$ 14,441.83

90,950.74

$105,392.57

Dr.

Tung Wah Hospital San Mi Year Land Purchasing Fund

To Balance brought forward from 1935

withdrawals during 1986

Cr.

$194,385.78 | By Rent etc. received during 1936

$ 11,886.19

3,063.20

Balance

1)

185,562.79

$197,448.98

$197,448.98

37

Table X,-(Continued).

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

Statement of Current Accounts for 1936.

Dr.

To Balance brought forward from 1935

>>

withdrawals during 1936

To Balance brought forward from 1985

withdrawals during 1986

Po Leung Kuk Site Re-building Fund

$ 79,322.31 By Rent received during 1936 12,594.27

$ 91,916.58

Bakmee

Tung Wah Hospital Old Site Re-building Fund

$ 21,985.93 | By Balance

67.50

$ 22,053:43

Cr.

$ 12,594.27

79,322.31

$ 91,916.58

Cr.

$ 22,053.43

$ 22,053.43

>

Table X,-(Continued).

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL

Statement of Current Accounts for 1936.

Dr.

To withdrawals during 1936 Balance

Dr.

To withdrawals during 1936

Mr. Brewin's Fund Account

$ 2,250.00 By Deposits during 1936 11,720.54

$ 13,970.54

H. K. Typhoon Relief Fund Account

$ 1,986.73 By Deposits during 1936

Cr.

$ 13,970.54

$ 13,970.54

Cr.

$ 1,986.73

Translated from Chinese Account Statements by

LO WING KIT,

hairman of Board of Directors.

NG

KENG HOI

LI TUNG, Auditor.

Hong Kong, 30th March, 1937.

39

}

RECEIPTS.

Table XI.

TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL CASH ACCOUNT 1936.

Balance from last year's account

Balance with Tung Wah Hospital at end of last

year

Current account with Tung Wah Hospital

Government Grant

Grant from Tung Wah Hospital

Government Grant for Western Medicine

>>

">

"}

Opium Relief

Grant from Chinese Temples

Subscriptions from wealthy persons

""

Interest on loans and deposits

charitable persons

Fees from Patients and rents of rooms

Rents from landed property

purchased

Premium on notes and discount on goods

Sale of kitchen refuse, patients' ricksha hire, &c.

C.

PAYMENTS.

$

C.

$ 33,374.44

122,701.66

Current account with Tung Wah Hospital

Balance left with Tung Wah Hospital at end of last year

$122.701.66

83.889.43

85,103.69

Salaries to Staff

28,906.34

29,400.00

Provisions for staff

8,918.49

25,000.00

sick room

12,767.29

2,500.00

Sundry expenses for sick room

4,110.92

2,093.00

"3

hospital

3,884.74

6,000.00

Chinese medicine

11,652.82

100.00

Western medicine

10,064.40

16,042.58

Repairs, &c.

5,853.22

1,787.50

Lights

4.396.54

18,199.94-

Crown rent

1.00

1,977.45

Stationery, stamps and advertisement

2,576.88

Coffins

3,536.89

741.25

Burial expenses

1,049.48

3,541.73

Water Account

1.174.62

Coal

1,979.19

Sundry expenses for branch establishment for

giving free medical advice and free medicine Balance in hand

6,485.36

34,613.97

$348,563.24

$348.563.24

LO WING KIT,

Translated from Chinese Account Statements by

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NGAN KENG HOI

LI TUNG, Auditor.

Hong Kong, 30th March, 1937.

Table XII.

THE TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL.

Income and Expenditure Account 1936.

C 41

INCOME.

c.

EXPENDITURE.

Ordinary :-

ORDINARY.

Subscriptions from wealthy persons

charitable

100.00

16,042.58

Maintenance :—

Provisions for staff

8,918.49

">

$ 16,142.58

11

sick room

12,767.29

Grants :- Government

$ 21,685.78

25,000.00

Surgery and Dispensary :--

for Western medicine

2,500.00

""

Chinese drugs

11,652.82

""

Opium Relief

2,093.00

Western drugs

10,064.40

Grant from Tung Wah Hospital

29,400.00

21,717.22

Chinese temples

6,000,00

Establishments :-

64,993.00

Light

4,396.54

Investments :--

Repairs, &c.

5,853.22

Interest

1,787.50

Sick room expenses

4,110.92

Rents

1,977.45

Crown Rent

1.00

3,764.95

14,361.68

Other Receipts :-

Salaries, &c :—

Fees from patients and rent of room

18,199.94

Staff salaries

28,906.34

Premium on notes and discount on

Hospital Sundries

3,884.74

goods purchased

741.25

32,791.08

Sale of kitchen refuse and patients'

Miscellaneous :~-

ricksha-hire, etc.

3,541.73

Stationery, stamps and advertise-

22,482.92

ments

2,576.88

Coffins

3,536.89

Total Income during 1936

Balance brought forward from 1935

107,383.45

Water

1,174.62

156,076.10

Burial expenses

1,049.48

Coal

1,979.19

10,317.06

Branch establishment for giving free

medical advice and medicine

6,485.36

Balance

156,101.37

$263,459.55

$263,459.55

=*་་

Dr.

To Balance brought forward from 1935

Table XII,--Continued.

Tung Wah Hospital Current Account

Cr.

$122,701.66 By amount received from Tung Wah Hospital during 1936

85,103.69

Amount paid in Tung Wah Hospital during

1936

83,889.43 Balance in Tung Wah Hospital

121,487.40

$206,591.09

$206,591.09

FINANCIAL POSITION OF THE TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL 1936.

Cash balance as per Cash Account

Credit balance with Tung Wah Hospital as per above Current Account

LO WING KIT,

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NGAN KENG HOI

Translated from the Chinese Account Statements by

LI TUNG, Auditor.

$ 34,613.97

121,487.40

$156,101.37

Hong Kong, 30th March, 1937.

43

Table XIII.

KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.

CASH ACCOUNT 1936.

RECEIPTS

PAYMENT

Balance brought forward from previous year

$ 3,373.01

Government Grant

8,500.00

Current Account with Tung Wah Hospital Salaries for Hospital Staff

30,553.45

Government Special Grant

25,000.00

Provisions for Staff

10,863.08

Government Grant for Western drugs

2,500.00

Hospital Sundries

2,817.60

Government Grant for giving free coffins

7,000.00

Provision for patients

12,072.63

Grant from Shui Yuet Kung, Tin Hau & Hung

Sick Room expenses

3,128.32

Shing Temples

11,139.04

Charcoal

1,431.60

Grant from Tung Wah Hospital

22,600.00

Chinese drugs

25,424.88

Grant transferred from Donated Property Rent

Collection Account

Western drugs

15,103.99

325.15

Lights

Subscriptions from charitable persons and Yearly

Telephone rent

subscriptions

13,868.28

Subscriptions from Ko Shing, Lee and Po Hing

Stationery, stamps and advertisements

5,792.27

477.50 1,479.97

Water

190.92

Theatres

2,120.00

Repairs and Furnitures

2,054.00

Donations from A Fong and Yim Fong Photo-

Coffins

7,699.97

graphers

700.00

Burial of bodies from Hospital Mortuary

1,231,80

Donations from Old Yaumati Chinese public-

Burial of bodies from Old Men's Asylum

38.90

Dispensary

3,064.80

Sale of Chinese medicine

448.20

Burial of bodies from Yaumati Public Mortuary

726.40

Grave stones

476.00

Miscellaneous income

509.00

Crown rent

13.00

Payments by in-patients and for drugs

14,783.45

Bedding and clothing for patients

178.82

Grant transferred

from Free Chinese Drugs

Paid in connection with Ambulance

475.50

Special Fund to Income & Expenditure a/c

6,407.25

Western Medicines utensils

940.15

Rent from wharf

198.20

Surgical Instruments

1,932.60

Rent from Ambulance and iron burner

2,552.00

Tung Wah Hospital Current Account

76,963.95

Cost of meals supplied to nurses recovered Discounts and Exchange

2,420.00

Hung Shing Temple

1,129.68

1,027.97

Shui Yuct Kung

6,600.00

Tung Wah Hospital Current Account

81,215.20

Donated Property Rent collection Current-

Hung Shing Temple

1,129.68

Account

760.00

Shui Yuet Kung

6,600.00

"

Donated Property Rent collection Current a/c

760.00

Free Chinese Drug Special Fund Current

Account

7,992.67

Free Chinese Drug Special Fund

7,992.67

Tin Hau Temple Current Account Various Deposits received

8,718.83

3,189.64

Tin Hau Temple Current Account Various Deposit refunded Balance

8,718.83

2,605.00

8,268.89

$238,142.37

$238,142.37

LO WING KIT,

Translated from the Chinese Account Statements by

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NGAN KENG HOI

LI TUNG, Auditor.

Hong Kong, 30th March, 1937.

- C 44

Table XIV.

KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.

Income and Expenditure Account 1936.

INCOME.

Balance from previous account including $1,252.76 advanced for building of Hung Shing Temple

EXPENDITURE.

MAINTENANCE.

$ 23,537.33

A. ORDINARY.

Provisions:-

Staff Patients

.$10,863.08

12,072.63

$ 22,935.71

Payment for meals supplied to nurse

Dispensary -

recovered

$ 2,420.00

Chinese drugs

25,424.88

Amount transferred from free Chinese

drugs special fund

Western drugs

15,103.99

6,407.25

40,528.87

Grant transferred from Donated Pro-

Establishments :-

perty rent collection fund

325.15

Lights

5,792.27

Rent from Temple and Wharf

198.20

Furnitures and repairs

2,054.00

Rent from ambulance and iron burner 2,552.00

Sick room expenses

3,128.32

11,902.60

Charcoal

1,431.60

Government Grant (General)

8,500.00

">

for Western drugs..

Telephone rent

477,50

2,500.00

Water

190.92

for free coffins

27

7,000.00

Sundries

2,817.60

18,000.00

Crown rent

13.00

Subscriptions

Tung Wal Hospital

22,600.00

Charitable persons

13,868.28

Temples Fund transferred

Western medicine utensils

Surgical Instruments

Bedding & Clothing for patients

940.15

1,932.60

178.82

11,139.04

47,607.32

Salaries:-

:-

18,956.78

Donations :---

Hospital Staff

Ko Shing, Lee and Po Hing Theatres

2,120.00

30,553.45

A Fong and Yim Fong Photographers

700.00

MISCELLANEOUS.

Old Yaumati Public Dispensary

3,064.80

5,884.80

Stationery, stamps & advertisements

1,479.97

Patients payments

Coffins

7,699.97

In and Out Patients

Chinese drugs sold ·

14,783,45 448.20

Burial of bodies from Hospital

Mortuary

1,231.80

15,231.65

Other receipts

Burial of bodies from Yaumati

Public Mortuary

726.40

Discounts and Exchange Miscellaneous income

1,027.97 509.00

Burial of bodies from Old Men'

Asylum

38.90

1,536.97

Graves stones

476.00

B. EXTRAORDINARY

Payments in connection with Am-

Donations:

bulance

475.50

Government Special Grant

25,000.00

$148,700.67

Balance

12,128.54 23,597.32

$148,700.67

Translated from the Chinese Account Statements by

LO WING KIT,

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NGAN KENG HOI

LI TUNG, Auditor.

Hong Kong, 30th March, 1937.

Dr.

Table XY.

FINANCIAL POSITION OF THE KWONG WAH HOSPITAL 1936.

To Balance brought forward from 1935

Tung Wah Hospital Current Account.

Amount paid to Tung Wah Hospital during 1936

$22,241.49 By Amount received from Tung Wah Hospital during 1936

Cr.

$ 81,215.20

Balance in Tung Wah Hospital at

76,963.95

· end of 1936

17,990.24

$ 99,205.44

$ 99,205.44

C 45

$ 72,754.47

Dr.

Free Chinese Drugs Special Fund Deposited with Tung Wah Hospital.

To Balance brought forward from 1935 Expenses during 1936

วง

$ 64,761.80

1,585.42

""

amount transferred to Kwong Wah Hospital

6,407.25

By Interest received 1936 Rent received 1936 Balance at end of 1936

Cr.

$ 3,028.00

4,964.67

64,761.80

$ 72,754.47

Dr.

To Expenses during 1936

Amount transferred to Kwong Wah Hospital

Table XV,-Continued.

Hung Shing Temple Account.

Cr.

$

31.25 By Rent received from temple keeper 1.098.43

$ 1,129.68

$ 1,129.68

C 46

$ 1,129.68

Dr.

To Crown Rent and Rates

Donated Property Rent Collection Fund Account.

Cr.

>>

Subscription to Yan Oi Hospital

178.00 By Amount of Rent Received 1936 150.00

760.00

Expenses during 1936

106.85

Amount transferred to Kwong Wah

Hospital

325.15

$

760.00

760.00

Dr.

To Expenses during 1936

Shui Yuct Kung Account.

Cr.

$

Amount transferred to Kwong Wah Hospital

66.00 By Rent received from temple keeper 6,544.00

$ 6,600.00

$ 6,600.00

$ 6,600.00

Dr.

To balance at end of 1936

Table XY,-Continued.

Building Operation Room and Segregation Room Fund.

Cr.

324.93 By Balance from last year's account

324.93

Dr.

Tin Hau Temple Account.

Cr.

To Expenses during 1936 Deposit refunded

$

558.30 By Rent from Temple keepers 889.50 Rent received

$ 6,677.33

2,041.50

Amount transferred to Kwong Wah

Hospital

5,271.03

2,000.00

C 47

Amount transferred to Nursery Room..

Dr.

To Deposits Refunded to various

Balance

11

$ 8,718.83

Various Deposits Account.

$ 2,605.00 By Balance from last year 3,589.64 Deposited by various

$ 6,194.64

$ 8,718.83

Cr.

$ 3,005.00

3,189.64

6,194.64

..

Liabilities.

Table XV,-Continued.

KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.

BALANCE SHEET AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1936.

Chinese drugs Special Fund

Re-building Operation Room and Segrega-

tion Room Fund

Various Deposits

Balance

Assets

$ 64,761.80

Kwong Wah Hospital General Fund in cashi

$ 8,268.89

324,93

3,589.64 23,597.32 Free Chinese Drugs Special Fund de- posited with Tung Wah Hospital Debit balance due by Hung Shing Temple Reconstruction fund

Kwong Wah Hospital General Fund de- ! posited with Tung Wah Hospital

17,990.24

Į

64,761.80

1,252.76

$ 92,273.69

$ 92,273.69

Translated from the Chinese Account Statements by.

LO WING KIT,

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NGAN KENG HOI

LI TUNG, Auditor.

Hong Kong, 30th March, 1937.

C 49

Table XVI.

The following table shows the comparative expenditure under certain headings at Tung Wah Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital during 1936. (For full details. of income and expenditure see Tables VIII—XV).

Food for

Hospitals.

Salaries and wages.

staff and

Western Medicine.

Chinese Medicine.

patients.

Tung Wah Hospital

53,630.07

43,206.80 16,105.86 24,961.52

Kwong Wah

Hospital...

30,553.45

22,935.71

15,103.99 25,424.88

Tung Wah

Eastern

28,906.34

21,685.78

10,064.40 15,353.53

Hospital

Total

$ 113,089.86 87,828.29 41,274.25 65,739.93

Table XVII.

The following table shows the comparative numbers of cases treated at Tung Wah Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital during the year 1936.

Hospitals.

Western Medicine. Chinese Medicine.

In- Out- In- Out- patients. patients. patients. patients.

Mater-

nity

Cases.

Vaccina-

tions.

Eye Baby Clinic. Clinic.

Deaths.

C 50

Tung Wah Hospital...

Kwong Wah Hospital

Tung Wah Eastern Hospital

8,354 57,404 7,173 165,370 9,091 36,633 4,436 182,813

2,021

4,196 16,996

1,726

2,376

4,237

1,450 3,661

7,812

4,828

5,487

36,569 3,344 62,849

1,200

532

1,935

Total

22,932

130,606

14,953 411,032

7,458

6,178 20,657

9,538

9,139

Table XVIII.

Statement of Receipts and Payments of Man Po Temple Fund Account, 1936.

Receipts.

To Balance brought forward from 1935

,, Rent of Temple property Rent from temple keeper Government grant to schools Miscellaneous receipts

Balance

Amount.

$

C.

Payments.

ว

Amount.

$9

2,997.51 By Donation to Tung Wah Hospital

2,500.00

14,062.20

Expenses of Free School

20,496.26

3,976.25

,, Repairs to properties and Schools

914.26

6,360.00

11

Police rates, Crown rent and Insurance premium

2,843.59

176.36

Water Rates

77

1,133.79

1,655.23

,, Miscellaneous payments

1,339.65

Total

29,227.55

Total

29,227.55

Receipts.

Table XIX.

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

Statement of Receipts and Payments Emergency Fund Account 1936.

Amount.

Payments.

Amount.

To Balance from account 1935

99,149.88 | By Passage money for destitutes

91.10

Balance

99,058.78

Total

>

99,149.88

Total

99,149.88

Table XX.

Receipts and Payments of the Brewin Charity during the year 1936.

Receipts.

Amount.

Payments.

Amount.

C 53

$

C.

C.

To interest

7,099.52 | By charity

10,212.11

,, Subscriptions

1,258.11

""

Salary

210.00

>>

rent from house property

1,295.54

miscellaneous expenses

27.60

""

current account with Shanghai Bank

4,600.00

'!

,, Mr. Lau Yung Yan

677.50

current account with Shanghai Bank.. Mr. Lau Yung Yan

4,459.74

587.50

""

mortgage paid off by Mr. Kan Iu Cho Mr. Kan Iu Cho

300.00

Mr. Kan Iu Cho

626.06

560.13

""

31

mortgage paid off by the Confucian

interest to Wong Fung Sze on fixed deposit with Shanghai Bank

46.64

Association

""

12,000.00 Tung Wah Hospital

18,970.54

">

interest on fixed deposit of Wong Fung Sze with Shanghai Bank

Cash balance brought forward from the

Tung Wah Hospital

Mr. Lo Luk

previous year

Total

Mr. Lo Luk

151.93

46.64

balance

""

1,606.23

2,250.00

102.00

1,708.91

31,898.35

Total

31,898.35

:

Liabilities.

Table XXI.

THE BREWIN FUND.

Balance Sheet, December 31st, 1936.

Mr. Kan Iu Cho

Wong Fung Sze (per contra)

Surplus

$190,028.05

Less deficit for 1936

796.54

Total

Amount.

€.

Assets.

Amount.

C.

31.97

1,601.16

House property

Current account with Shanghai Bank Loan to Mr. Lau Yung Yan on mortgage. of houses Nos. 13 & 15 Temple Street..

189,231.51 | Mr. Lau Yung Yan

Loan to Mr. Kan Iu Cho on mortgage of house property in Wanchai Road Loan to Messrs. Chan Tsat and Li Sze Ngai on mortgage of houses Nos. 7 and 19, Temple Street

47,341.00

132.66

12,000.00

213.12

15,700.00

T

16,000.00

Loan to Mr. Tsoi Yung Chun on mortgage

54

of house No. 17 Temple Street Loan to Mr. Lo Luk on mortgage of house No. 82 Whitfield

6,000.00

8,500.00

Loan to Mr. Ho Nai Hing on mortgage of house property in Jervois Street

40,000.00

Loan to Mr. Ip Shau on mortgage of

house No. 136 Hollywood Road

10,000.00

Loan to Mr. Shiu Iu Ki on mortgage of

house No. 238 Hollywood Road

20,000.00

Fixed deposit and interest of Wong Fung

Sze with Shanghai Bank

1,601.16

Deposit with Tung Wah Hospital

11,720.54

Mr. Lo Luk

49.93

190,864.64

Cash

1,606.23

Total

190,864.64

Table XXII.

Summary of work done in the Chinese Public Dispensaries during 1936.

(a)

PATIENTS.

Dispensaries.

New

Old

Cases.

Cases.

(2)

Certificates of

cause of death.

(c) Patients sent to Hospitals.

(d)

(e)

Patients Adult

removed

to

Corpses

removed

Hospitals

by

Ambu-

lance.

to

Hospital

or Mor-

tuary.

(f) Applications for coffins.

(g)

Dead

Infants

brought

to Dis-

pensary.

(h) Vaccinations.

(i)

Gynaecological cases seen by

Lady Doctor.

New

Old

Cases.

Cases.

C 55

Central

42,032

30,495

5

83

Eastern

18,733

23,412

12

Western

29,426

20,367

47

12

Shaukiwan

30,113

51,643

16

87

~ 2 2~

5

14

45

5,449

299

675

37

227

5,030

582

929

26

396

5,585

255

6,733

902

1,228

Aberdeen

3,960

9,690

123

N

1,447

309

282

Harbour and

Yaumati

48,694

35,272

40

91

כא

136

10,290

1,347

1,920

Shamshuipo

38,698 30,550

3

45

5

225

:

13,807

889

1,583

Hung Hom

16,000 3,030

70

118

1

כא

3

186

4,340

346

383

Kowloon City

19,788 17,924

62

888

5

18

162

4,570

513

972

Total for 1936

252,444 222,383 247

659

34

108

1,632

57,251

5,183

7,943

Total for 1935

...

217,811 194,743 193

391

64

115

1,360

60,893

5,237

8,111

Table XXIII.

Summary of work done in the Chinese Public Dispensaries during years 1935 and 1936.

(a)

PATIENTS.

Dispensaries.

New

Cases

Old

Cases.

(b)

cause of death.

Certificates of

(c) Patients sent

to Hospital.

(d)

Patients

removed

(e)

Adult

to

Hospital

by

Corpses

removed

to

Hospital Ambu- or Mor- tuary.

lance.

(f)

Applications for coffius.

(g).

Dead

Infants

brought

to Dis-

pensary.

(૫)

Vaccinations.

(i)

Lady Doctor.

cases seen by Gynaecological

New

Old

Cases.

Cases.

56

Central

.1935. 34,056 34,247

11

Eastern

Western

Shaukiwan

1936... 42,032 30,495 .1935... 17,526 19,554 1936... 18,733 23,412 .1935. 23,868 17,242 1936.. 29,426 20,367 .1935.. 26,022 46,885

5

13

31

47

18

1936...

30,113 51,643

16

Aberdeen

.1935.

8,705 6,371

1936.

8,960 9,690

123

Harbour and

Yaumati

..1935... 48,002 1936... 48,694

37,396

35,272

46

Shamshuipo

.1935... 35,436 21,726

1936. 38,698

30,550

Hung Hom

.1935...

3,540

810

1936...

* 16,000

3,030

Kowloon City ....1935.. 1936.

20,656

10,312

56

19,780

17,924

Rad5wada

128

40

*E**NON ɤ%85-5«&

1525381

15

41

4,990

311

679

14

45

5,449

299

675

50

202

6,183

541

909

37

227

5,030

582

929

24

304

6,229

26

396

5,585

3

242

9,231

801

1,288

2

:

255

6,733

902

1,228

32

1,039

308

315

1,447

309

282

27

76

11

62

88

165

1335237

133

11,836

1,508

1,832

136

10,290

1,347

1,920

270

13,877

885

1,861

225

13,807

889

1,583

33

1,766

449

359

186

4,340

346

383

135

5,682

434

868

18

162

4,570

513

972

Total for

.1935..

1936.

217,811 194,743 193 252,444 222,383

391

64

247

659

55555

115

1,360

60,893

5,237

8,111

34

108

1,632

57,251

5,183

7,943

C 57

Table XXIV.

CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.

Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1936.

Receipt.

€

C.

$ 3.

Expenditure.

$ c.

$

5 c.

To Balance

Grant by Hong Kong Govern-

ment

Grant from General Chinese

Charities Fund

Donation from:

Pei Ho Theatre

67,028.09 By Maintenance of

Dispensaries:-

9,500.00

Victoria

31.317.87

Harbour & Yaumati

10.261.37

16,000.00

Shaukiwan

9,940.86

Kowloon City

7,264.56

1,500.00

Aberdeen

6,191.97

Prince Theatre

1.200.00

64,976.63

Taiping Theatre

1,000.00

Salaries

to seven

Street

Central Theatre

300.00

Lecturers

of Healthi

Ko Shing Theatre

245.00

Campaign

2,100.00

Lee Theatre

120.00

Subscriptions, Land

11,027.50

21

Motor delivery service for

Harbour

9,365.20

conveying drugs

drugs from

Shaukiwan

1,525.60

Kowloon City

663.20

7

Aberdeen

Fees from Eastern Maternity

Hospital, Wanchai

Sale of bottles to patients...

House rents paid by Man

Wah School, Shaukiwan.... Amount transferred from the

balance of the Typhoon Disaster Fund

Loan from General Chinese

600.00

500.00

27,446.50

22

2,578.00

219.92

12

606.33

Charities Fund

3,000.00

Balance of Shamshuipo Dis-

pensary Fund

2,525.00

Balance of Hunghom Dis-

pensary Fund

1,534.07

Interest:

4,059.07

Central Medical Store to various Dispensaries

Pensions

Amount refunded to Sham- shuipo Dispensary Fund for payment for the new Building

Balance:

Hong Kong Government

4% Conversion Loan. 11,000.00 On Fixed Deposit

398.40

780.00

12,800.00

40,000.00

Cash

840.14

Advance to C. P. D.

Clerks

140.00

51,980.14

On Hong Kong Govern-,

ment 4% Conversion

Loan.

440.00

On Fixed Deposit

1,501.62

On Current Account

55.64

1,997.26

Total

133,035.17

Total

泉右李

Member of Committee.

133,035.17

R. A. D. FORREST,

Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

4th May, 1937.

Receipts.

Table XXV.

SHAMSHUIPO DISPENSARY.

Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1936.

$

Expenditure.

998.14 By Payment through Secretariat for

Chinese Affairs

Payment through local Committee Payment for New Building

Balance:

At Secretariat for Chinese

Affairs

With local Committee

To Balance

Grant by Hong Kong Government Subscriptions

2,500.00

Donation from Pei Ho Theatre

1.00

155.80

""

Rents from 8 houses at Shamshuipo

2,380.00

""

Sale of Bottles, etc.

132.38

Interest

68.14

19

Transfer from Chinese Public Dispen- sary-General Fund

12,800.00

Subscriptions towards Building Fund

from Kaifong of Shamshuipo

6,497.70

Total

25,533.16

WONG IU TUNG,

Chairman.

Total

IP WAI SHING,

Accountant.

$¢

3,060.00

3,583.98

16,058.45

$2,525.00

305.73

2,830.73

25,533.16

58

Table XXVI.

HUNGHOM DISPENSARY

Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1936.

C 59

Receipt.

$

Expenditure.

$

""

To Balance

Subscriptions, etc.

3,387.75 | By Payment

By Payment through Secretariat for

Chinese Affairs

2,034.00,

1,609.60

Donation from:

""

Po Hing Theatre

$ 400.00

Balance:

""

Payment through local Committee

At Secretariat for Chinese

3,083.80

Scavenging Contractor

3,330.00

Affairs

$1,534.07

General Chinese Charities Fund

With Local Committee

2,675.48

600.00

4,209.55

4,330.00

Total

9,327.35

Total

9,327.35

LO YUET CHO,

Chairman.

YEUNG YUNG,

Accountant.

:

Table XXVII.

Statement of Receipts and Payments of the Chinese Permanent Cemetery for 1936.

Receipts.

Amount.

Payment.

Amount.

$

¢

1,996.00

Wages from Dr. S. W. Tso for refilling vaults

To Balance

''

Interest from Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank

Interest from fixed deposit on mortgage of houses

58,794.54 By Rent of telephone

27

Wages for Yuen Cheung and gardeners

""

260.10 Wages for Pun Yan Chin and Chau Wan Kok Repairs to the embankment, the roads and the latrines and supply of numbered stones by Yeung Tam Kee

189.00

1,506.00

480.00

11,694.43

192.00

Manure, bamboo brooms, scythes, water

Sale of 162 lots

10,815.00

buckets, and China asters, etc.

49.09

Stone embankments

2,415.00

Printed matters by the Kwong Wah & Co.

3.00

Sale of the spare ground of

"

the cemetery

3,227.00

Account books purchased from the Chui Chan shop

9.00

}}

Printed matters by the Yu Shing shop

9.60

Stamps

16.00

Crown Rent of the "Pai-lau"

''

1.00

""

Rate for getting water from river

1.00

Crown Rent of wharf

""

1.00

Crown Rent

1.00

"}

Boundary stones at the Tsun Wan Cemetery Expenses to survey the Tsun Wan Cemetery Balance

360.00

614.10

62,765.42

Total

$

77,699.64

Total

$

77,699.64

By deposit with Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank ...$34,603.38 fixed deposit on mortgage of house No. 2A, High Street

8,000.00

fixed deposit on mortgage of house No. 8A, Babington Path

20,000.00

Cash

162.04

>>

$62,765.42

Examined and found correct,

(Sd.) IP LAN CHUN,

Auditor.

S. W. TSO, Secretary.

T. N. CHAU, Treasurer.

Receipt.

Table XXVIII.

CHINESE RECREATION GROUND. Receipt and Expenditure, 1936.

Expenditure.

.

*A

$

971.00

92.01

Consumption of gas

297.00

Repairs

336.74

Advertisement

18.00

Grant to Aberdeen Industrial School.

"}

9,000.00

Miscellaneous

16.96

9.2

Balance

4,889.16

To Balance

Rents of stalls

Interest on money deposited in

Treasury

5,764.23 By Wages of watchmen, etc.,

9,799.29

57.35

Water account

Total

15,620.87

Total

R. A. D. FORREST,

15,620.87

Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

4th May, 1937.

To Balance

Receipt.

Table XXIX.

YAUMATI PUBLIC SQUARE, Receipt and Expenditure, 1936.

$

Rents of stalls

"

>>

Interest on money

Treasury

deposited

in

Expenditure.

€€

16,361.16 | By Wages of watchmen, etc. 11,036.15

998.00

"

Water Account

265.41

Electric lights

94.26

64.44

"}

Repairs

32.50

Crown Rents

2.00

""

''

Grant to Aberdeen Industrial School. Loan to Aberdeen Industrial School.

16,000.00

11

7,500.00

Miscellaneous

23.94

Balance

2,545.64

"}

Total

27,461.75

Total

R. A. D. FORREST,

Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

27,461.75

4th May, 1937.

63

234.40

""

Interest on money deposited

in Treasury

Receipts.

Table XXX.

Statement of Accounts of Passage Money Fund, 1936.

To Balance on Fixed Deposits....$6,250.00

in Colonial Treasury.

Miscellaneous receipts

Interest on Fixed Deposits....$ 125.00

$

Payments.

*

By Passage etc. to destitutes

72.00

6,484.40

Fees for Hawker's Licences to destitutes

11.00

""

Refund of Passage Money

48.00

3.49

Subscription to Alice Mem-

orial Hospital

50.00

33

Subscription to Eyre Diocc-

4.52

129.52

san Refuge

85.00

135.00

Balance on Fixed Deposits...$6,250.00

Total

6,617.41

11

in Colonial Treasury

Total

101.41

6,351:41

6,617.41

4th May, 1937.

R. A. D. FORREST,

Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

Table XXXI.

Accidents in Factories, 1936.

Accidents due to

Total No.

Industries.

Machinery.

Falls.

Falling

Burns and

Mis-

of

Accidents.

Fatalities.

objects.

Scalds

cellaneous.

Cement works

1 (1)

1

1

1

Shipyards

4 (1)

17 (2)

8 (1)

4

Pipes-concrete lined factories

1

Engineering & metal works.

Gas works

1

1

1

1

...

Soap factories

Sugar refineries

Canning factories

1

Knitting factories

Printing works

3

Oil installations

2

1

Brick works

1

Rope works

1

Rubber shoe factories

2

Ice, factories

Total

1

1

A HO:

6

39

4

1

4

4

4

1

་་་

1

2

1

18

20

13

11

12

74

10

The Figures in parenthesis denote Fatalities and are included in the total.

་

C 64-

Receipts.

оо

Table XXXII.

CHINESE TEMPLES FUND

Statement of Accounts from 1st January to 31st December, 1936.

C.

C.

Expenditure.

WA

C.

CA

C.

To Balance

32

Rent from Temples Keepers of :-

Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City

11,850.00

Tin Hau Temple. Yaumati

8,234.93

Kwun Yum Temple, Aplichau

320.00

Hung Shing Temple, Wantsai

2,619.59

Che Kung Temple, Shatin

2,000.00

Kwong Fook Che, Tai Ping Shan

2,737.46

Sam Tai Tsz Temple, Shamshuipo

3,508.20

Hung Shing Temple, Yaumati

3,589.00

58,410.08 By maintenance of Chinese Public School in Kowloon City

Grants to —

Chinese Public Dispensary, Hunghom

for 1936

Lok Shin Tong, Kowloon City for 1936. The Kaifong of Hunghom for the

expenses of the Free School in Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Hom Ping Chau Free School

5,246.46

600.00 400.00

1,200.00

250.00

Tin Hau Temple, Aberdeen

325.00

Kwun Yum Temple, Yaumati

3,923.43

Tin Hau Temple, To Kwa Wan

237.00

Committee of Tin Hau Temple, Kow-

loon City

70.00

2,520.00

Pak Tai Temple, Shamshuipo

455.00

Expenses for holding theatrical per-

To Ti Temple, Shaukiwan

30.00

formances at :-

Sheung Tai Temple, Ma Tau Chung

293.50

Kowloon City

650.00

Hau Wong Temple, Tai O

362.00

Shatin

300.00

Hung Shing Temple, Aplichau

810.00

Aplichau

700.00

Tam Kung Temple, Shaukiwan

1.,020.00

Ma Tau Chung

50.00

Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Hom

2,251.25

Cheung Chau Island

1,400.00

Chuk Neung Temple, Kowloon City

140.00

Aberdeen

150.00

Kwun Yum Temple, Che Wan Shan

489.00

Shamshuipo

300.00

Pak Tai Temple, Hung Hom

186.75

3,550.00

Fook Tak Che, Shaukiwan

445.75

79

Amount subscribed to Confucian

Pak Tai Temple, Cheung Chau

2,870.00

Society for expenses of the Free School at Yuk Hu Kung, Wantsai,

Pak Tai Temple, Wantsai

Tam Kung Temple, Sung Wong Toi Tin Hau Temple, Wong Nei Chung Tam Kung Temple, Wong Nei Chung Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan Tin Hau Temple, Shamshuipo Tin Hau Temple, Ping Chau Island

1,200 00 633.75 84.70

975 00

for 1936

520.00

>>

Repairs to

401.00

Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City Che Kung Temple, Shatin

115.00

285.00

1,480.00

Kwan Yum Temple, Aplichau

211.69

205.20

Kwun Yum Temple, Che Wan Shan

200.00

Shing Wong Temple, Bridges Street

500.00

Yi Pak Kung Temple, Quarry Bay

247.50

Chuk Neung Temple, Kowloon City Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Hom

185.00

855.00

Mo Tai Temple, Shamshuipo

685.00

Tam Kung Temple, Shaukiwan

128.00

To Ti Temple, Lan Kwai Fong

24.00

Hung Shing Temple, Aplichau

1,525.00

Tin Hau Temple, Hoi Chung Sum

Island, To Kwa Wan

Hau Wong Temple, Tai O

670.00

2.00

Sheung Tai Temple, Ma Tau Chung

244.00

55,136.01

Fook Tak Che, Shaukiwan

108.00

House Rents :-

27

Pak Tai Temple, Cheung Chau Island.

100.00

Property of Hau Wong Temple, Kow-

Pak Tai Temple, Hung Hom

88.00

loon City

Property of Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan

808.00 126.65

Tin Hau Temple, To Kwa Wan

90.00

Tam Kung Temple, Sung Wong Toi

126.00

934.65

دو

Grant from Educational Department for

Chinese Public School, Kowloon City Interest

1,800.00 709.09

Tam Kung Temple, Wong Nei Chung.. Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan

125.00

299.50

>>

Yi Pak Kung Temple, Quarry Bay Property of Hau Wong Temple, Kow-

loon City

40.00

40.60

Kitchen of Pak Tai Temple, Wantsai..'

163.00

5,598.79

"2

Refund of Security to Lai Shing,

Temple Keeper of Tin Hau Temple, Aberdeen

65.00

>>

Transfer to General Chinese Charities

Fund

56,276.41

Total

368.18

200.00

to

>>

29

""

"

22

7

Further appropriation granted to the Kaifong of Kau Yeuk, Shatin for celebrating the decennial religious festival in honour of the temple Extra amount granted to Cheung Chau Kaifong for covering the deficit incurred in the theatrical perform- ances for 1936

Cost of material, labour & supervision for fixing T/S water meter S.D. 1 Lot No. 6266 in front of Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City. Fee for preparing plans & obtaining permits of installing a water closet in connection with the Yuk Hu Kung Temple, Wantsai

Labour & material for fixing urinals, lavatory basins & constructing lavatory building etc. for the Free School at Yuk Hu Kung Temple, Wantsai

Rent in respect of No. 4 Lan Kwai Fong (To Ti Temple) for 4 months at $5. per month

Advertisement

Water Account

Stationery and printing

116,989.83

R. A. D. FORREST, Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

4th May, 1937.

Rate

"

Meter Rental

Crown Rent

Balance

Total

64.75

20.00

1,400.00

20.00

128.50

217.79

26.00

68.00

18.00

86.32

40,595.63

116,989.83

TANG SHIU KIN,

Member of Committee.

Receipts.

Table XXXIII.

GENERAL CHINESE CHARITIES FUND

Statement of Accounts from 1st January to 31st December, 1936.

CA

C.

C.

Expenditure.

$

$ c.

To Balance

}"

Surplus money transferred from :

Chuk Neung Temple, Kowloon City Fook Tak Che, Shaukiwan Hau Wong Temple, Tai O

Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City Hung Shing Temple, Wantsai Hung Shing Temple, Yaumati Kwun Yum Temple, Che Wan

Shan

Kwong Fook Che, Tai Ping Shan. Kwun Yum Temple, Yaumati Mo Tai Temple. Shamshuipo Pak Tai Temple, Cheung Chau Pak Tai Temple, Hung Hom Pak Tai Temple, Shamshuipo..... Sheung Tai Temple, Ma Tau Chung Sam Tai Tsz Temple, Shamshuipo Shing Wong Temple, Bridges St. ... Tam Kung Temple, Sung Wong

9,984.37 By grants to:-

100.00

400.00

72.00

10,000.00

2,619.59

3,589.00

600.00

2,737.46

3,923.43

1,000.00

9,000.00

100.00

400.00

300.00

Tung Wah Hospital for expenses. Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund

for expenses

Hong Kong Society for the Pro-

tection of Children Children's Playground Association Tung Wah Hospital for expenses Tung Wah Hospital for Kwong Wah Hospital for expenses... Tung Wah Hospital for Tung Wah Eastern Hospital for expenses Tung Wah and Kwong Wah Hos-

pital for Free Burials Tung Wah, Kwong Wah & Tung Wah Eastern Hospital for medicine

33,500.00

25,000.00

27,104.41

16,000.00

500.00

200.00

8,000.00

17,000.00

7,500.00

4,500.00

Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund

600.00

for expenses

9,500.00

Chinese Public Dispensary, Sham-

Toi

600.00

shuipo

2,500.00

Tam Kung Temple, Wong Nei

Chung

Po Leung Kuk for expenses

7,000.00

1,550.00

110,000.00

Tam Kung Temple. Shaukiwan Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan

1,500.00

!

1,100.00

300.00

1,750.00

8,234.93

77

""

݂ܕ

Tin Hau Temple, To Kwa Wan Tin Hau Temple, Shamshuipo Tin Hau Temple, Yaumati

Transfer of interest from Temples

Fund

Refund of subscription from Po Leung Kuk for sending a Deaf and Dumb boy to the School for Deaf, St. Stephen's Hall, Hong Kong for 1 Year. Grant from Hong Kong Govern-

ment

Interest

110,000.00 ,, Grant to Cheung Chau Kaifong

Amount loaned to Chinese Publicl

Dispensaries Fund for ex-

penses

Grant to Home for the Aged, Kowloon City for the year

3,000.00

54,976.41

1936

1,200.00

1,300.00

Grant to Cheung Chau Kaifong in aid of the fund for building a public latrine

540.00

Grant to St. John Ambulance

60.00

Brigade for the expenses of the Hospital built by Mr. Au Boon Haw Salary

500.00

180.00

for the expenses of the Kai-

313.89

fong Fong Pin Sho for the

1st, 2nd and 3rd quarters,

1936.

150.00

""

Tai O Kaifong for the upkeep of

a fire engine for 1936

72.00

>>

Total

176,634.67

R. A. D. FORREST, Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

4th May, 1937.

??

Subscription to Po Leung Kuk for

sending a Deaf & Dumb boy to the School for Deaf, St. Stephen's Hall, Hong Kong for 1 year

Balance

Total

60.00 17,128.26

176,634.67

TANG SHIU KIN,

Member of Committee.

Table XXXIV.

ABERDEEN INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL.

Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1936.

Receipts.

Expenditure.

€9

C 67

To Balance

Subscriptions

1.520.00

School fees

8,188.80

>>

> }

Grants from :—

1,954.71 By Final payment to Cheung

Hing Contractor

Payinent to Tat Shing and

other contractors for

$10,000.00

9-3

Chinese Recreation Ground

work done in play-

Fund

$ 9,000.00

ground

2,797.12

Yaumati Public Square

12,797.12

· Fund

16,000.00

25,000.00

Maintenance allowance to the School. Refund of school fees

18,000.00

180.00

Advance Money from Yaumati Public Square Fund

>>

Sanitary installations

2,057.32

7,500.00

""

Equipment

5,477.44

Funiture

450.00

"}

""

Hardwares for use in school work-

shop

500.60

Advance to pay the cost of equipment

provided for students in 1937

3,000.00

Water meter rentals

91.00

"}

""

Crown Rents

47.00

Advertising and printing

Miscellaneous expenses

72.60

138.85

Balance

""

1,351.58

Total

44,163.51

44,163.51

Total

R. A. D. FORREST,

Secretary for Chinese, Affairs.

4th May, 1937.

Appendix D.

REPORT OF THE HARBOUR MASTER AND DIRECTOR OF AIR SERVICES FOR THE YEAR 1936.

The year 1936 showed a general decrease in the amount of shipping using the Port of Hong Kong. Details of the com- parison between the years 1935 and 1936 will be found in Table II.

2. Foreign-going shipping entering and clearing showed a net decrease of 4,927 vessels and 1,423,814 tons, while local shipping showed a decrease of 6,157 vessels and 319,149 tons.

"

3. British ocean-going show a decrease of 476 in numbers with a decrease of 567,247 tons. This is due to general trade depression.

4. Foreign ocean-going show a decrease of 438 in numbers with a comparatively small decrease of 169,658 tons. This must also be put down to general trade depression and the shipping strike in the U.S.A.

1"

5. The river steamer trade shows a net decrease of 649 vessels and 503,939 tons. British show a falling off in numbers and tonnage, while the Foreign show an increase of 508 ships and 268,521 tons. Two British ships were taken off the run and eventually sold out of the Colony, while three changed over to the Chinese flag and remained on the run.

6. The Junk Trade given in Tables IX to XI show decreases in numbers and tonnage for both Foreign and Local Trade. These decreases must also be attributed to the general depression.

7. In steamships not exceeding 60 tons there is a decrease in both numbers and tonnage: Details are given in Tables XII and XIII.

8. On the 31st December, 1936, there were 264 launches and 185 motor boats employed in the Harbour, of these 371 were licensed for the conveyance of passengers, 28 steam launches and 23 motor boats belonged to the Colonial Govern- ment, two steam launches belonged to the Imperial Government and 20 steam launches and five motor boats belonged to the Naval Authorities. There were also 19 motor boats owned for pleasure and private purposes.

?

D 2

Of the 371 licensed for the conveyance of passengers, 179 were licensed for Class I, 66 for Class II and 126 for Class III.

9. 460 engagements and 490 discharges of coxwains and engineers were recorded.

10. The passenger trade and the number of emigrants de- parting from and arriving at this Port are shewn in Tables XXII to XXVIII.

11. Details of bunker coal and oil fuel shipped will be found in Table XXIX. The figures shew a decrease in coal consump- tion of 25,714 tons with an increase of 15,756 in fuel oil.···

12. The Nationality of crews in British and Foreign ships is shown in Table VII.

13. During the year, 12 ships were registered under the pro- visions of the Merchant Shipping Acts and 47 Certificates of Registry were cancelled. Details are shewn in Tables XX and XXI. The fees collected amounted to $879 as compared with $2,985 în 1935.

14. 28,717 seamen were engaged and 28,370 were discharged at the Mercantile Marine Office and on board ships as compared with 30,244 engaged and 28,877 discharged in 1935.

15. 67 seamen were received and admitted to the Sailors' Home and Boarding Houses. Of these the following were repatriated as distressed British seamen, 20 to the United King- dom, 7 to Aden, 1 to Shanghai, 4 to Sydney, 6 to Calcutta, 3 to Singapore, 1 to Port Said, 5 were re-employed on ships being signed on Articles and 20 obtained employment in the Colony.

16. $1,923.21 was expended by the Harbour Master on be- half of the Board of Trade in the relief of these distressed seamen.

17. The Mercantile Marine Assistance Fund Committee held six meetings during the year. 20 cases were investigated, per- manent relief being granted in one case (bringing the total number of cases in receipt of permanent relief up to five) and temporary relief in nine cases. Four Europeans were repatriated to the United Kingdom and two refused passages.

The total sum expended during the year was $12,118.49.

i

18. A statement of the surveys and examinations carried out by the Government Marine Surveyor and his staff is set out in Table XXX. The vessels surveyed for passenger centificates totalled 108 of 436,699 tons gross as compared with 112 of 423,855 tons gross in 1935, showing a decrease of four vessels

and an increase of 12,844 tons.

D 3

19. 53 vessels were surveyed at Taikoo Dockyard, 38 at Kowloon Dockyard, 4 at W. S. Bailey's Dockyard, 1 in Cosmopolitan Dock, 11 in Chinese shipyards, and 1 in Japan.

20. The following is a comparison of tonnage and nation- alities of the various vessels granted passenger certificates at Hong Kong during the year 1936.

British 87 vessels of 391,480 tons (gross)

Norwegian 13

Danish

12

32,337

3

37

7,763

""

5,119

Chinese

21. Passenger certificates were issued for the following trades:

Passenger & Safety. International Voyages. 19

27

Short

""

22

''

33

Coasting Voyages

River Trade

21

Class I A Foreign Going

Class I Foreign Going (Coasting & Far

Eastern Trade)

Class III River Trade

25

15

2

2

22

23

22. Seven vessels totalling 67,973 tons (gross) were surveyed and granted bottom certificates during the year as compared with four vessels of 40,606 tons (gross) in 1935.

23. 61 passenger vessels and 38 cargo ships were surveyed for radio telegraphy certificates during the year as compared with 19 passenger vessels and 16 cargo vessels in 1935.

24. 91 vessels of which 45 were British and 46 foreign were surveyed for emigration certificates during the year as compared with 102 vessels in 1935.

25. 41 vessels were surveyed for load lines during the year as compared with 40 in 1935. Of these, 22 were British vessels registered in Hong Kong and 19 Chinese.

26. 31 new lifeboats and 598 units of standard buoyant apparatus were surveyed during construction at the makers' works during the year as compared with 9 and 727 respectively in 1935.

27. 11,195 new lifejackets were examined and stamped at the makers' works during the year as compared with 15,085 in 1935.

28. 631 surveys were carried out on steam launches and motor boats during the year as compared with 666 in 1935.

:

D 4

29, There were no Marine Courts of Inquiry during the year.

30. 489 cases were heard in the Marine Magistrate's Court during the year.

The principal offences were,

(a) Boarding ships without permission of the Master.

(b) Dredging in the Harbour without a permit.

(c) Lying inshore during prohibited hours without a

permit.

(d) Failing to exhibit regulation lights....

31. Examinations for certificates of competency as masters, mates and engineers were held under Board of Trade Regula- tions. 34 candidates were examined for master, 13 passed of which one was a sailing ship endorsement. 42 candidates were examined for first mate and 21 passed. There were no candidates for second mate's certificate.

16 candidates were examined for first class Engineers' certificate (Ordinary) and 12 passed. 13 were examined for second class engineers' certificate (Ordinary) and seven passed. One candidate was examined for first class engineers' certificate (Motor) and one for second class engineers' certificate (motor), both passed.

Seven candidates were examined for first class motor endorsement and one for second class motor endorsement, all passed.

32. Under Section 37 of Ordinance 10 of 1899, 72 Can- didates were examined for Certificates as Coxswain and 48 passed.

121 Candidates were examined for Certificates as Engineer and 104 passed.

33. Seven applicants for Pilot Licences were examined during the year, four passed and were issued licences while 20 licences were renewed.

34. 1,719 Sunday Cargo Working Permits were issued during the year of which 87 were used for working from Midnight to 6 a.m., 757 from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. and 105 from 6 p.m. to Midnight, the remainder being returned as unused and cancelled.

35. Lighthouse and Signal Stations functioned satisfactorily throughout the year. An additional Aga Light was erected at the South West point of Lantau Island and exhibited on the 23rd November, 1936. The red flash light on the Northern side of the Western Entrance at the Yaumati Breakwater was altered from a flashing red to a fixed red on the 12th August.

D 5

The fortnightly reliefs to the Lighthouses were delayed on five occasions at Gap Rock and on one occasion at Waglan.

36. The Aga Lights numbering 18 worked satisfactorily.

37. The Beckwith Bell Fog Signal at Lam Tong worked satisfactorily throughout the fog season.

38. Government Moorings were used during the year as follows:

A. Class

2,647 days.

B. Class

5,836 days.

C. Class

519 days.

In addition they were used by Naval vessels and transports on 22 days.

The following moorings were in position at the close of the year:

A. Class 17, B. Class 28, and C. Class five, making a total of 50 including 12 special typhoon A. Class moorings. Per- mission was granted for the maintenance of 47 private buoys and moorings and the fees received amounted to $2,820.

39. The Revenue and Expenditure of the department are shewn in Table XXXIII and XXXIV. The increase which appears under the heading "Light Dues" is due to the fall in exchange.

40. Increases are also shewn under the heading "Sunday Cargo Working Permits and "Medical Examination of Emi- grants, Ordinance 1 of 1899."

41. Harbour Master's outstations at Shaukiwan, Aberdeen etc. issued 32,996 licences &c. and collected $110,352.55 as com- pared with 32,876 licences and $114,839.05 in 1935.

A new Station was opened at Lok Ma Chau in November.

Details are shewn in Table XXXVII.

42. Details of boat licences, permits &c. issued will be found in Table XXXVIII.

43. The Government Slipway and Coaling Depot at Yaumati was kept busy throughout the year in routine slipping, repairing and fueling of Government Craft.

44. 9,637 tons of coal were received and 9, 651 tons were delivered (including deliveries from stock at end of 1935). Four tons of Welsh Coal were delivered and 11.5 tons were received

D 6

from stock at end of 1935. 8.800 gallons of kerosene were received and 8,373 gallons were delivered. 11,400 gallons of petrol were received and 11,495 gallons delivered (including de- liveries from stock at end of 1935). 2,363.50 tons of Bunker Fuel Oil were received and delivered. 99.26 tons of Power Diesel Oil were received and 94.71 tons were delivered.

45. Government launches were slipped, aggregating 108 times at regular times during the year and the slip was occupied 358 days.

46. A short summary of the facilities offered by the Port of Hong Kong is given..

26th February, 1937.

G. F. HOLE,

Harbour Master.

D 7

FACILITIES OF THE PORT OF HONG KONG.

The Harbour of Hong Kong forms a natural anchorage for a great number of vessels. During the typhoon season there are special moorings and anchorages to which vessels can move with immunity from danger. The Harbour Department operates a thoroughly up-to-date salvage tug, which is always available to assist shipping during typhoon weather. There are available the latest type of stean firefloats, and the harbour is efficiently patrolled day and night by water-police launches. Competent pilots are available to meet vessels at either entrance of the harbour by day or by night.

2. Buoys in the Harbour are owned by the Government as follows 17 "A' Class for vessels 450 to 600 feet long, 28 “B” Class for vessels 300 to 450 feet long and 5 "C" Class for vessels less than 300 feet long. The charges are $16, $12 and $8 per day respectively.

3. The wharf and godown companies have berthing accom- modation for 12 vessels from 650 to 750 feet in length. Maxi- mum depth of water along side the wharves is 36 feet L.W.O.S.T.

4. Fresh water pipes are laid alongside.

5. Three public warehouse companies have a storage capacity of 500,000 tons, of which 300,000 tons is on the mainland at Kowloon Point, adjacent to wharves, and 200,000 tons in Victoria on the Island of Hong Kong, on the Harbour front. There are numerous native-owned warehouses of small capacity in both Kowloon and Hong Kong.

i,

6. Both groups of wharves at Kowloon Point have rail con- nection with the Kowloon-Canton Railway, giving direct rail communication with Canton. There are daily sailings by coast- ing companies' ships carrying cargo and passengers to all river and coast ports of Southern China, and to ports in the Far Eastern trade as well as almost daily departures by ocean steamers to overseas ports.

7. Ample bunkering facilities are provided by private stocks of coal averaging 60,000 tons, of which about one third is North China Coal, and the remainder Japanese and Formosan.

8. The average stock of fuel oil for commercial bunkering is 55,000 tons. One oil company has berthing facilities for two vessels, and another company for one vessed alongside the oil installation, with a water depth of 28 feet and 23 feet L.W.O.S.T. respectively. Delivery can be given up to 600 tons an hour from wharf and 350 tons an hour from lighters.

D 8

9. There are two large Dock companies with dry docks capable of taking vessels up to 750 feet on the blocks. The docks have a depth on the sills up to 34 feet 6 inches H.W.O.S.T. In addition there are five patent slipways capable of handling ships to 390 feet in length and 4,000 tons displace- ment. There are

There are several smaller yards mostly owned by Chinese, dealing with repairs to small craft and light work.

10. The principal dock companies have adequate facilities for the construction of ships of large tonnage, and for the prompt effecting of extensive repairs. There is also a thoroughly up-to-date salvage plant, and tugs are available.

11. A Waterboat Company, drawing its water from the Government reservoirs, has a fleet of eight vessels and there are three other small companies operating five vessels, carrying from 200 to 270 tons each.

12. The Harbour has a depth ranging from 24 to 78 feet L.W.O.S.T. The rise of Tide is about 8 feet O.S.T.

13. There are no Tonnage Dues.

14. The Government imposes Light Dues of Two and four tenths cents per ton on all Ocean ships, and nine-tenths of a cent per ton on all River Steamers which enter the waters of the Colony. The sterling value of the above rates at $11s. 8d. is converted back into dollars at the average opening selling rate on London for the previous month.

15. Charges for permission for ships of 400-5,000 tons and over to work Cargo on Sunday are as follows:·

From Midnight to 6 a.m.

$25 to $ 87.50

From 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.

$50 to $175.00

$25 to $ 87.50

From 6 p.m. to Midnight

16. A large number of motor-boats, steam launches and sampans are available for communication between ships at buoys and the shore. A frequent service of ferry launches is main- tained between Hong Kong Island and all parts of the mainland, also a Vehicular Ferry service between Hong Kong and Kowloon.

a

17. The Government maintains Commercial Wireless Telegraph Station at Cape D'Aguilar which has an average day range of 350 miles, and a night range of 700 miles. Continuous watch is kept.

D 9

Air Services.

The Civil Airport at the Western end of Kai Tak was opened in February, 1936. In addition to the hanger (134' x 250') there is an administration building on the N.E. corner of the hanger containing the offices. An all wave W/T receiving station and remote control to the Hung Hom W/T transmitting station is on the top floor.

A 9 K.W. Night landing shadow bar flood light is on the roof of the administration block.

A Police Lodge for the Airport police is situated at the entrance in the N.W. corner.

A fuel and oil store has been erected with space let to the three leading fuel companies.

A slipway, pontoon and special mooring buoys are installed to deal with the flying boat air services.

2. 10 "A" Pilots licences were issued and 24 renewed. Four "B" Pilots licences were issued and seven renewed. One Ground Engineer's licence was issued and four renewed. One Certificate of Airworthiness was issued and three renewed. One Certificate of Registration was issued and six remain current.

3. The Far East Flying Training School enlarged their premises during the year and subdivided themselves into a Flying Section and Engineering Section.

The Flying Section carried out 1,838 flights carrying 1,089 passengers in 1,159 hours flying: 10 pupils were successfully trained for "A" Licences; the Hong Kong Volunteer Air Arm annual flying training was completed. The School was approved an R.A.F. Reserve Training School and two Reserve Air Force Officers completed their refresher training.

42 pupils were given instruction during the year.

The Engineering Section two year course, which is divided into eight three monthly sections is in progress. 109 students were engaged in this course, five students gaining the Govern- ment Certificates of Competency, and one student an "A" and "C" Ground Engineers Licence.

4. Messrs. Imperial

Imperial Airways inaugurated their weekly service with D.H. 86 aircraft on 24th March, 1936, and during the remainder of the year made 84 trips, totalling 130,200 miles, carried 77 passengers and 9.3 tons of mail and freight.

- D 10 -

5. Messrs. The China National Aviation Corporation in- augurated their thrice weekly service to include Hong Kong in their Shanghai Canton line on 5th November, 1936, and during remainder of the year made 106 trips totalling 53,070 miles carrying in and out of the Colony 171 passengers and 0.6 tons of mail and freight.

6. The Pan American Martin Clipper carried out a courtesy flight to the Colony; to and from Manila.

7. The Revenue and Expenditure of the Department are shown in Tables XXXIX to XLI.

8. Details of Aircraft arriving and departing from Kai Tak Airport are given in Tables XLII to XLV.

G. F. HOLE,

Director of Air Services,

26th February, 1987.

Table I.

Summary of Arrivals and Departures of all Vessels.

1935.

1936.

FOREIGN TRADE.

No. of

Tons.

Crews.

Vessels.

No. of

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

British Ships entered,

6,352

10,039,008

513,768

5,528

9,352,027

473,404

British Ships cleared,

6,346

9,976.170

512,558

5,537

9,323,444

475,625

Foreign Ships entered,

4,423

9,495,358

328,182

4,431

9,539,023

302,528

Foreign Ships cleared,

4,385

9,480,140

329,450

4,447

9,535,338

305,663

Steamships under 60 tons entered,

3,046

79,222

36,588

2,739

73,085

34,799

Steamships under 60 tons cleared,

3,055

79,416

36,704

2,748

69,160

34,969

Junks entered,

9,304

1,154,897

129,192

7,379

1,053,903

116,638

Junks cleared,

8,642

1,183,266

130,448

7,817

1,117,683

120,694

Total of all Vessels entered,

Total of all Vessels cleared,

22,428

Total of all Vessels entered & cleared, in Foreign Trade,|

45,553

41,487,477

23,125 20,768,485 1,007,730 20,718,992 1,009,160

2,016,890

20,077

20,018,028

927,369

20,549 20,045,625

936,951

40,626 40,063,663

1,864,320

LOCAL TRADE.

Steamlaunches entered,

10,795

379,675

133,215

9,848

332,723

116,148

Steamlaunches cleared,

10,806

380,209

133,372

9,894

334,402

116,588

Total Launches entered and cleared,

21,601

759,884

266,587

19,742

667,125

232,736

Total Junks entered,

13,864

612,053

143,755

11,483

498,296

113,014

Total Junks cleared,

13,637

614,565

144,748

11,720

501,932

112,837

Total Junks entered and cleared,

27,501

1,226,618

288,503

23,203

1,000,228

225,851

Total Local Trade (Launches & Junks) entered & cleared,

49,102

1,986,502

555,090

42,945 1,667,353

458,587

Grand Total, (Foreign & Local Trade),

94,655

43,473.979

2,571,980

83,571

41,731.016 2,322,907

}

Table II.

Comparison between the Years 1935 and 1936 of all shipping entering and clearing Ports in the Colony

12

1935

1936

DECREASE.

INCREASE.

CLASS OF VESSELS.

No.

British Ocean Going, Foreign Ocean Going, British River Steamers, Foreign River Steamers, Steamships under 60 tons, Junks, Foreign Trade,

Total Foreign Trade,

Steamlaunches, Local Trade

Junks, Local Trade,

Grand Total,

Tonnage. No. Tonnage. 5,092 12,510,998 4,616 11,943,751 6,802 18,195,573 6,364 18,025,915 7,606 7,504,180 6,449 6,731,720 2,006 779,925 2,514 1,048,446 6,101 158,638 5,487 142,245 614 17,946 2,338,163 15,196 2,171,586 2,750 166,577 45,553 41,487,477 40,626 40,063,663 5,435 1,692,835 21,601 759,884 19,742 667,125 1,859 92,759 27,501 1,226,618 23,203 1,000,228 4,298 226,390 94,655 43,473,979 83,571 | 41,731,016 11,592 2,011,484

No. Tonnage.

No.

Tonnage.

476

567,247

438 169,658

1,157

772,460

508

268,521

16,393

508

268,521

508

268,521

Net,

11,084 1,742,963

Table III.

NUMBER, TONNAGE, AND CREWS, OF FOREIGN-GOING VESSELS ENTERED

AT PORTS IN THE COLONY OF HONG KONG FROM EACH COUNTRY IN THE YEAR 1936.

BRITISH.

FOREIGN.

GRAND TOTAL.

COUNTRIES WHENCE ARRIVED.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews. Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

Australia & Pacific Islands including

New Zealand

40

138.114

4,502

29

96 565

2,203

69

34 679

6.705

British North Borneo

36

99,407

2,762

19

48 332

798

55

148.089

3,560

Canada

32

327,254

13,536

4

16 217

386

36

343.471

13,922

India including Mauritius

71

265 654

5,849

79

286 840

5,781

150

552,494

11,630

South Africa

2

6 328

163

13

38,461

1.838

15

44.789

2.001

Strai's Settlements & F.M.S.,

35

87,431

3 722

41

95 012

3,550

76

182 443

7 272

United Kingdom

144

802 196

17.634

14

73 304

1,375

158

875,500

19,209

China

1,432

2,420. 524

134,233

1.168

2,107,394

103,469

2,600

1,527,918

237,702

(River Steamers)

2,239

2,153,694

153,897

879

433 756

20,793

3,118

2,587.450

174,690

""

(Steamships under 60 tons)

2,493

62 240

32,388.

2,493

62.240

32,388

(Junks)

7,122

1,015 464

112,585

7,122

1,015 464

112,585

Denmark

15

72.263

579

15

72 263

579

Europe, Not specially mentioned

France

Formosa

Germany

Holland

12

81442

31.678

598

20

80 939

911

28

112,617

1,509

4.744

55

39

273 006

5,757

40

277.750

5,812

8,392

308

178

165 437

9 386

.82

173 829

9 694

21.104

293

86

459 005

9.991

90

480 109

10,284

45 230

759

26

144 893

3.098

38

190,123

3 857

Italy

24

185 445

5.081

24

195,445

5.081

French Indo-China

164

233,211

13 593

162

292.922

10 413

326

526,133

24,006

Japan

174

789 218

25,138

608

2,033 957

40.238

782

2,823.175

65.376

Macao

1

666

10

9

2,776

246

10

3,442

256

""

(River Steamers)

983

1,209,951

74,058

377

89 829

10,798

1,360

1,299.780

84,856.

""

(Steamships under 60 tons).

246

10 845

2.411

246

10,845

2,411

}}

(Junks)

257

38 439

4 053

257

38 439

4 053

Netherland East Indies

4

20.826

184

133

500 748

13 959

137

521,574

Philipine Islands

31

295,420

12,011

121

724,417

14,323

152

1,019,837

14.143

26 334

Russia in Asia

Siam

48

79,037

4,815

168

192,702

11,502

216

271,739

16,317

South America

10

33 310

1 355

10

83 310

1,355

United States of America

63

311,948

5,284

195

991,729

Sweden

14

49,414

24.037

461

258

14

1,303,677

49,414

29,321

461

TOTAL

5.528

9,352,027 473,404

14,549

*0.666 011

453.965

20 077 20 018,038

927,369

COUNTRIES TO WHICH

Table IV.

NUMBER, TONNAGE, AND CREWS OF FOREIGN-GOING VESSELS

CLEARED IN THE COLONY OF HONG KONG TO EACH COUNTRY IN THE YEAR 1936.

D 14-

BRITISHI.

FOREIGN.

GRAND TOTAL.

DEPARTED.

Bunker

Vessels.

Tons.

Wews.

Fuel Oil.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews. Fuel Oil,

Cal.

Bunker

Coal.

Vessels.

Bunker

Tons.

Crews.

Fuel Oil.

Coal.

Australia & Pacific Islands including

New Zealand

38

125 651

4,487

5,539

4,436

27

79 233

2 290

7 380

65

204 884

6,777

5,539

11,816

British North Borneo

28

56.000

2,676

10.173

10

24 844

523

635

38

80 844

3,199

10,808

Canada

28

311.856

12.848

250

1

1 725

43

35

29

313 581

12,891

285

India including Mauritius

101

359.026

13,178

16,010

159

591.750

10 068

3 025

260

950 776

23.246

13,035

South Africa

3

9,492

240

18

66 560

1 745

3 282

21

76 052

1,985

3 282

Straits Settlements & F.M.S.,

18

37,750

1,744

525

1.735

57

137.514

3.999

100

5,335

75

175 264

5,743

625

7.070

United Kingdom

-105

£96 866

15 197

13.105

2.900

39

224,386

5 332

200

420

144

821 252

20,529

13.305

3,320

China

1,455

2.499 422

(River Steamers)

2,244

2,158,124

135.882

153,897

5,623

£8.519

1,189

2,176 339

107 684

639

29 655

2.644

4.675 761

243,566

4,262

118,174

120

56,609

881

435 032

20 793

926

14,683

3,125

2,593 156

174,690

1,046

71,292

>>

(Steamships under 60 tons)

2.496

62 194

32,456

2.496

62,191

32,456

(Junks)

7,512

1,075 205

116,168

7,512

1,075 205

116,168

Denmark

11

55 326

417

11

55 326

417

Europe, Not specially mentioned

3,071

45

1995

16

61 036

610

17

64.107

655

France

34

237 251

6 028

1,050

34

237,251

6,028

1,050

Formosa

4,206

243

40

150

186 372

9 037

557

575

153

190,578

9.280

557

615

Germany

14

62,771

985

50

300 899

5 767

18

64

363 670

6,752

18

Holland

1

6,021

109

12

58 372

751

13

64 393

860

Italy

11

103 269

3 478

11

103.260

3,478

French Indo-China

187

281,979

14,102

720

32.747

276

447,129

15,853

90

Japan

203

$76,416

25,175

22,215

22,375

435

1,381,037

31 073

5,803

83

22.016

463

729 108

29 955

810

54,763

21,145

638

2,357.453

56,248

28,018

43,520

Macao

1:

666

9

6

2 100

178

20

7

2.766

187

20

19

(River Steamers)

983

1,209,951

74,058

10,770

377

89 829

10 798

78

1,408

1,360

1,299.780

84.856

78

12,178

}}

(Steamships under 60 tons)

252

6 966

2.513

252

6.966

2,51.3

(Junks)

305

42 478

4,526

305

42,478

4.526

Netherland East Indies

7

22,758

303

610

125

454,353

13 189

405

3.270

132

477,111

13.492

405

3,880

Philipine Islands

31

302,564

12,020

1,650

170

880,773

17 878

330

1 445

201

1,183,337

29,898

330

3,095

Russia in Asia

Siam

44

74,398 4,425

15,366

165

193,788

11,496

50

46,773

209

268,186

15,921

50

62,139

South America

29

160,871

3,153

300

29

160,371

3,153

300

United States of America

42

224,456 4,002

200

190

1,144 136

23,187

105

884

232

1,668 592

27,189

105

1,084

Sweden

9

41,914

293

9

41,914

293

TOTAL

5,537

9.323.444 475.625

43.097 258.140

15,012 10 722,181

461.326

9,318

163 319

20.549 | 20.045.625

936.95]

55.415

421,459

D 15

Table V.

:

·NUMBER, TONNAGE AND CREWS of FOREIGN GOING

VESSELS of EACH NATION ENTERED at PORTS in the

COLONY of HONG KONG in the YEAR 1936.

ENTERED.

NATIONALITY.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

British,

2,306

5,988,382

245,449

River Steamers,

3,222

3,363,645

227,955

American,

193

1,284,168

28,271

Chinese,

640. 913,675

56,498

River Steamers,

1,256

523,585

31,591

1

Junks,

7,379

1,053,903

116,638

"

Danish,

124

317,862

7,376

Dutch,

239

917,135

27,506

French,

194

634,837

21,872

Italian,

37

282,127

8,596

Japanese,

971

2,822,076

67,469

Norwegian,

542

979,162

33,456

Portuguese,

65

35,385

5,507

German,

136

709,962

13,250

Swedish,

25

88,473

821

Belgian,

1

3,150

32

Panamanian,

5

18,221

196

Greek,

3

9,205

87

Steamships under 60 tons` trading to ports outside

2,739

73,085

34,799

the Colony,

TOTAL,

20,077 20,018,038

*927,369

D 16

Table VI.

NUMBER, TONNAGE and CREWS of FOREIGN GOING

VESSELS of EACH NATION CLEARED at PORTS in the

COLONY of HONG KONG in the YEAR 1936.

CLEARED.

NATIONALITY.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

British.

2,310 5,955,369

247,670

River Steamers,

3,227 3,368,075

227,955

American,

195 1,285,031

28,600

Chinese,

645

917,880

57,732

River Steamers,

1,258

524,861

31,591

Junks,

7,817

1,117,683

120,694

"

Danish,

124

315,712

7,426

Dutch,

240

917,247

27,753

French,

196

638,436

21,964

Italian,

37

282,127

8,287

Japanese,

973

2,810,513

69,163

Norwegian,

542

977,820

34,095

Portuguese,

66

35,783

5,687

German,

137

710,879

13,254

Swedish,

25

88,473

796

Belgian,

1

3,150

31

Panamanian,

5

18,221

197

Greek,

an

3

9,205

87

Steamships under 60 tons)

trading to ports outside

the Colony,

2,748

69,160.

34,969

TOTAL,

20,549 20,045,625 936,951

D 17

M

Table VII,

NATIONALITY OF CREWS.

OTHER EURO-|

VESSELS.

BRITISE.

ASIATICS.

PEAN AND AMERICANS.

1935. 1936. 1935. 1936. 1935. 1936. 1935. 1936.

€,352,528 51,213 48,404 3,878 3,073 464,677 421,927

4,423 4,431 1,272 1,235 65,246 £8,720 261,664 242,573

British,

Foreign,

Total,

10,77 9,959 52,485 49,639 69,124 61,793 726,341 664,500

BRITISH SHIPS.

FOREIGN SHIPS.

1935.

1936.

1935.

1936.

%

%

%

%

Percentage of British

crew,

09.85

10.22

00.39

00.41

Percentage of crew,

other Europeans and

Americans,

00.75

00.65

19.88

19.41

Percentage of crew,

Asiatics

89.40

89.13

79.73

80.18

Total

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

- D 18

Table VIII.

The River Steamer Trade 1935 & 1936.

Year.

Import Tons.

Export Tons.

Passengers.

1935,

258,774.00

311,473.00 3,575,017

1936,

250,405.00

283,821.00 2,694,983

Table IX.

JUNKS.

IMPORTS.

1935.

1936.

Junks.

Tonnage.

Junks.

Tonnage.

Foreign Trade

Local Trade

9,304 1,154,897

13,864 612,053

7,379 1,053,903

11,483 498,296

Total

23,168 1,766,950

18,862 1,552,199

EXPORTS.

1935.

1936.

Junks.

Tonnage. Junks. Tonnage.

Foreign Trade

8,642 1,183,266

7,817 1,117,683

Local Trade

13,637 614,565

11,720 501,932

Total

22,279 1,797,831

19,537 1,619,615

Table X.

TOTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, PASSENGERS AND CARGOES OF JUNKS (FOREIGN TRADE) ENTERED IN THE COLONY OF Hong Kong, FROM PORTS ON THE COAST OF CHINA AND MACAO IN THE YEAR 1936.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels. Tons. Crew.

Passen- Cargo,

Tons.

gers.

Tons. Crew.

Passen-

gers.

Vessels. Tons.

Crew.

Passen- Cargo, gers. Tons.

Canton

419

West River

3,471

· 92,136

463,678 65,351

7,631

32,062

994

255,620 15,306

1,413

347,756 22,937

32,062

51,782 | 172,140

836

102,977 11,169

5,520

4,307

566.655 76,520 57,302 172,140

...

Macao

40

East Coast

1,208

6,059

94,832 11,847

599

1,937

217

32,380 3,454

257

38,439 4,053

1,937

81,333

179

5,324

1,108

1,387

100,156

12,955

81,333

West Coast

10

851

147

233

46

26

15

897

173

233

Total

5,148

657,556 85,575 51,782 | 287,705

2,231

396,347

31,063

5,520

7,379 | 1,053.903 | 116,638 57,302 | 287,705

Table XI.

TOTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, PASSENGERS AND CARGOES OF JUNKS (FOREIGN TRADE) CLEARED IN THE COLONY OF HONG KONG, FOR PORTS ON THE COAST OF CHINA AND MACAO IN THE YEAR 1936.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels. Tons. Crew.

Fassen- Cargo,

gers. Tons.

Tons Crew.

Passen-

gers.

Vessels. Tons. Crew.

Passen- Cargo,

gers. Tons.

D 20

Canton

1,483 413,442 24,227

West River

2,456

381,776 55,880

270,296 8,129 1,185 54,934 144,593 2,010 168,482 22,379

109

1,592 421,571 25,412

270,296

4,466

550,258 78,259

54,934 | 144,593

Macao

257

36,233 4,015

24,130

48

6,245

511

305

East Coast

831

17,905

5,504

6,596

608

83,968

6,799

42,478 4,526

1,439 101,873 12,303

24,130

6,596

West Coast

14

929

170

350

574

24

15 1,503

194

350

Total

5,041

850,285 89,796

54,934 445,965

2,776

267,398

30,898

7,817 1,117,683 | 120,694 · 54,934 445,965

Table XII.

Statement of Licensed Steam Launches ENTERED in the Colony of Hong Kong during the year 1936.

TOWING.

NOT TOWING.

TOTAL.

PLACES.

Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Cargo.

Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Cargo.

B. C.

Within the Waters of the Colony, 1936.

1,084 19,540 11,324

170

8,764 313,183 104,824 247,154

3,157

9,848 332,723 116,148 247,324 3,157

Do.,

1935.

1,434 27,826 15,272

579

9,361 351,849 117,943 296,193

5,251

10,795 379,675 133,215 296,772 5,251

Outside the Waters of the Colony:-

771

19,593

8,845

131 2,894 1,408

902

22,487 10,253

240 7,986

3,633

19

567

230

471

100

259

8,553 3,863

471

100

47 1,059

488

199

9,786

1,923

1

246

10,845 2,411

· 1

143

4,398

1,571

141

4,123

1,571

30

284

8,521 3,142

30

864

17,924

12,931

184

4,755

2,199

4,119

180

1,048 22,679 | 15,130

4,119

180

Total

2,065

50,960 27,468

674

22,125 7,331 4,621

280

2,739 73,085 34,799 4,621

280

Canton

West River

Macao

East Coast

Other Places

D 21

Table XIII.

Statement of Licensed Steam Launches CLEARED in the Colony of Hong Kong during the year, 1936.

TOWING.

NOT TOWING.

TOTAL.

PLACES.

Vessels

Ton-

nage.

Crews.

Passen.

gers.

Cargo.

Bunker

Coal.

Vessels

Ton-

nage.

Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Cargo.

Bunker

Coal.

Vessels

Ton

nage.

Crews.

Passen.

gers.

Bunker

Cargo.

Coal.

Do.,

Within the Waters of the Colony, 1936. 1,387 24,334 | 14,462 1935. 1,818 33,416 19,367

45

454

1,409 8,507 310,068 102,126|241,884 3,494 | 5,176 9,894 334,402 116,588 241,929 3,494 6,585 1,468 8,988 346,793 114,005 283,881 4,466 5,635 10,806 380,209 133,372 284,335 4,466 7,103 |

22

Outside the Waters of the Colony:-

Canton

886 22,101|10,097

6,424 | 5,853

23

503

206

Q

138

909 22,604 10,303|

2 6,424 5,991

¡

West River

245 8,155 3,680

1,126 | 4,379

11 353 162

628

122

59

256

8,508 3,842

628 1,248 4,438

!

Macao

East Coast

Other Places

75 1,614

799

257

177

5,352

1,714

87

555

333

252

6,966 2,513

87

555

590

166

4,940 1,816

1,611

101

3,043 1,111

30

967

267

7,983

2,927

30

2,578

921 19,312 13,585

3,648

143

3,787

1,799 4,356

181

416 1,064 23,099| 15,384 4,356

181 4,064

Total

2,293 56,122 |29,977

7,550 15,748

455 13,038 4,992

5,103

858 1,913 2,748 | 69,160 | 34,969 5,103 8,408 17,661

D 23

*

Table XIV.

Total Number and Tonnage of Vessels excluding Steam Launches ENTERED at each Port in the Colony of Hong Kong

during the year, 1936.

BRITISH.

FOREIGN

TOTAL.

STATION.

Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage.

Aberdeen

Cheung Chau

Saikung

Stanley

Tai O

455

17,902

455

17,902

334

17,419

334

17,419

190

4,703

190

4,703

51

2,699

51

2,699

Tai Po

Deep Bay

•

Tsuen Wan

265

13,619

265

13,619

Victoria

5,528 9,352,027 21,998 11,034,880 27,526 20,386,907

Total

5,528 9,352,027 23,293 11,091,222 28,821 20,443,249

Table XV.

Total Number and Tonnage of Vessels excluding Steam Launches CLEARED at each Port in the Colony of Hong Kong

during the year, 1936.

STATION.

Aberdeen

Cheung Chau

Saikung

Stanley

Tai O

Tai Po

BRITISH.

FOREIGN.

TOTAL.

Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage.

460 18,224 460

18,224

340

17,623

340

17,623

190

4,652

190

4,652

51

2,699

51

2,699

264

13,606

264

13,606

Deep Bay

Tsuen Wan Victoria

5,537 9,323,444 22,679 |11,098,149 28,216 | 20,421,593

Total

5,537 9,323,444 23,984 11,154,953 29,521 20,478,397

- D 24

Table XVI.

Table showing total Shipping of all classes at the Port of

Hong Kong during the years 1917 to 1936.

YEAR.

TOTAL TONNAGE TOTAL TONNAGE ALL CLASSES. OCEAN GOING.

.

TOTAL TONNAGE OCEAN GOING

BRITISH.

1917

33,827,325

12,289,548

5,168,058

1918

29,518,189

9,745,469

3,627,576

1919

35,615,169

14,467,847

6,842,024

1920

40,122,527

17,574,636

8,351,084

1921

43,420,970

20,064,611

9,247,198

1922

46,566,764

21,971,162

9,688,891

1923

53,402,239

25,894,058

11,222,141

1924

56,731,077

27,874,830

11,844,752

1925

49,520,523

23,653,774

9,866,820

1926

43,796,436

21,314,696

9,257,417

1927

44,127,161

25,700,164

9,660,440

1928

44,883,765

26,894,395

10,792,701

1929

47,186,181

28,285,741

11,151,152

1930

42,190,612

29,350,807

11,357,605

1931

44,150,021

29,446,145

11,540,844

1932

43,824,906

29,269,073

12,201,690

1933

43,043,381

29,368,877

12,014,232

1934

41,914,022

28,905,526

12,035,087

1935

43,473,979

30,706,571

12,510,998

1936

41,731,016

29,969,666

11,943,751

D 25

Table XVII.

DIAGRAM SHEWING TOTAL SHIPPING ALL CLASSES

1917 - 1936.

Tons.

57,000,000

56,000,000

55,000,000

54,000,000

53,000,000

52,000,000

51,000,000

50,000,000

49,000,000

48,000,000

47,000,000

46,000,000

45,000,000

44,000,000

43,000,000

42,000,000 41,000,000

40,000,000 39,000,000

38,000,000

37,000,000

36,000,000

35,000,000

34,000,000

33,000,000

32,000,000

31,000.000

30,000,000

29.000.000

1917

1918

1919

1920

1921

1922

1923

1924

1925

1926

1927

1928

1929

1930

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

1936

41,731,016

1917

1918

1919

1920

1921

D 26

Table XVIII.

DIAGRAM SHEWING OCEAN GOING SHIPPING BRITISH AND FOREIGN ENTERED AND CLEARED 1917 - 1936.

Tons.

31,000,000

30,000,000

29,000,000

28,000,000

27,500,000

27,000,000

26,500,000

26,000,000

25,500,000

25,000,000

24,500,000

24,000,000

23,500,000

23,000,000

22,500,000.

:..

22,000,000

21,500,000

21,000,000

-20,500,000

20,000,000

--19,500,000-

-19,000,000-

18,500,000

-18,000,000.

17.500,000

-17,000,000

16,500,000

16,000,000

15,500,000

15,000,000

14.500.000

14,000,000

13,500,000

13,000,000

12,500,000

12.000.000

11.500.000

11,000,000

10,500,000

10,000,000

9,500,000

1922

1923

1924

1925

1926

1927

1928

1929

1930

1981

1932

1933

1934

1935

1936

29,969,6

-

8,500,000

8,000,000

7,500,000

7,000,000

6,500,000

0,000,000

5,500,000

5,000 000

4,500,000

4,000,000

3.500.000

1917

1918

1919

1920

1921

·D 27

Table XIX.

DIAGRAM SHEWING OCEAN GOING SHIPPING BRITISH ONLY, ENTERED AND CLEARED 1917 - 1936.

Tons.

24,500,000

24,000,000

23,500,000

23,000,000

22,500,000

22,000,000

21,500,000

21,000,000

20,500,000

20,000,000

19,500,000

19,000,000

18,500,000

18,000,000

17,500,000

17,000,000

16,500,000

16,000,000

15,500,000

15,000,000

14,500,000

14.000.000

13,500,000

13.000,000

12.500.000

12.000.000

11,500,000

11.000.000 10,500,000 10,000,000

9,500,000 9,000,000

11,943,751

1922

1923

1924

1925

1926

1927

1928

1929

1930

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

1936

Table XX.

Return of Ships Registered at the Port of Hong Kong during the vear 1936.

28

Name of Ship.

Official Registered No. Tonnage.

Where and

Horse Power.

Rig.

Build.

Remarks.

When built.

1. Lin Fa Shaan

159,446

13

B.H.P. 84

Not

2. Mei Hwa

159,447

14

B.H.P. 91

Ketch

Clinker

Carvel

Hong Kong...1936 1st Registry (New Vessel).

do.

...1936

do.

do.

3. Cormorant

159,448

B.H.P. 4.62

4. Sagres

5. Teal

6. Socony

118,087

1,448

N.H.P. 278

Cutter

Schooner

159,449

Cutter

do.

Clinker Glasgow

Carvel

do.

...1936

do.

do.

..1904 Formerly under the Portuguese Flag as "Sagres".

159,450

2,507

N.H.P. 349

Not

Clinker

.1936

Hong Kong ...1936 | 1st Registry (New Vessel). Vegesack

do.

estimated

7. Man Gok

159,451

74

B.H.P. 800

Not

do.

Hong Kong ...1936

do.

do.

do.

8. Tung Cheong

153,582

284

Nil

do.

do.

9. Tandjong Pinang

159,452

57

B.H.P. 200

Not

do.

do.

...1923 Formerly under the Chinese Flag as

"Tung Cheong'

...1936 1st Registry (New Vessel).

10. Shun Ping

159,453

108

N.H.P. 35

Not

do.

do.

..1936

do.

do.

11. Induna Star

159 454

27

B.H.P. 90

Ketch

Carvel

dc.

...1936

do.

do.

12. Pulau Kidjang

159,456

73

B.H.P. 275

Not

Clinker

do.

..1936

do.

do.

Table XXI,

Return of Registers of Ships Cancelled at the Port of Hong Kong during the year 1936.

D 29

Name of Ship.

Official

No.

Registered

Tonnage.

Date of

Registry.

Rig.

Build.

Where and When built.

Reason of Cancellation.

1. Socony

154,053 2,128

12.12.1930

Not

Clinker Camden N.J. ...1913 Sold to Foreigners (Italian Subjects).

2. Telemachus

81,369 1,340

19.12.1900

3. Tai Yeuk Fong

137,686

24

1.12.1917

Schooner

Nil

do.

Newcastle

1880 Sold to Foreigners (Chinese Subjects).

Carvel

Hong Kong

1913

do.

4. Tung Cheong

153,582

284

25.11.1931

Nil

Clinker

do.

.1923

do.

5. Herou

123.083

18

27. 6.1907

Carvel

do.

.1897

do.

6. Pat Luk

126,995

55

28. 8.1908

do.

do.

.1907)

do.

7. Kau Yee

128,686

55

10. 3.1910

Nil

Clinker

do.

.1907

do.

8. Ho Choy

154,090

23

7. 2.1934

Ketch

Carvel

do.

9. Hang Shan

152,104

11

1. 5.1923

do.

do.

10. Chịu Hoi

154,076

4. 2.1933

Nil

do.

do.

11. New Mathilde

152,087

842

26. 7.1922

Schooner Clinker Kiel

.1933 Sold to Foreigner (American Subject). .1923 Registry not required by Purchaser.

1911 Vessel Sold to Foreigner (Chinese Subject).

.1906 Sold to Foreigner (Philippino citizen).

12. Tien Lung

126,994

36

31. 7.1908

Carvel

Hong Kong

.1908 Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject).

13. Tien Lick

128,699

49

31. 3.1911

Nil

Clinker

do.

1910

do.

Reason of Cancellation.

Table XXI,-Continued.

Return of Registers of Ships Cancelled at the Port of Hong Kong during the year 1936,—Continued.

Official

Name of Ship.

No.

Registered

Tonnage.

Date of

Registry.

Rig.

Build.

Where and When built.

- D 30

14. Tien Fu

163.238

58

12. 7.1913

Carvel

Hong Kong ..1913 Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject).

15. Tien Sang

133,256

58

24. 7.1914

do.

do.

..1914

do.

16. Tien Kwai

133.259

59

20. 8.1911

Nil

do.

do.

..1914

do.

17. Tien Choy

137,677

58

23. 1.1915

do.

do.

..1914 Reported lost.

18. Tien Tai

137.696

33

24.12.1915

None

do.

do.

1915 Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject).

19. Tien Wing

139,551

21

28. 2.1916

do.

do.

.1915 Reported destroyed by fire.

20. Tien Cheong

139,564

38

10. 5.1917

do.

do.

1917 Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject).

21. Raub

154,001

573

4. 9.1926

Schooner Clinker

do.

.1926 Registry transferred to Singapore.

22. Matang

154,015

769

22. 6.1928

do.

do.

do.

.1928

do.

23. Pangkor

154,025

687

16. 2.1929

do.

do.

do.

..1929

do.

24. Kittawa

106,640

708

19.10.1928

do.

do.

Sunderland

25. Gannet

133,260

59

27.10.1914

Nil

do.

Hong Kong

.1898 Abandoned as a total loss.

.1914 Sold to Foreigners (Chinese subjects).

26. Tainan

95 870

46

4. 5.1896

Schooner Carvel

do.

1896

do.

Table XXI,-Continued.

Return of Registers of Ships Cancelled at the Port of Hong Kong during the year 1936,-Continued.

Official

Name of Ship.

No.

Registered

Tonnage.

Date of

Registry.

Rig.

Build

Where and When built.

Reason of Cancellation.

D 81

27. Vancouver I

128.710

17

8.11.1911

28. Kamona

101,488

903

17. 9.1931

Nil

Schooner

Clinker Hong Kong

..1893 Registry not required by Purchaser.

do.

Grangemouth ...1901 Sold to Foreigners (Chinese subjects).

29. Sam Hay I

159,426

2

11. 6.1935

Carvel

Canton

30. Sam Hay II

159,427

3

11. 6.1935

do.

do.

1934

1919

do.

do.

31. Tandjong Pinang

159,452

57

11. 9.1936

Not

Clinker Hong Kong

32. Hydrangea

151,413

561

3. 8.1920

F. & A.

do.

33. Hang Cheong

153,502

666

8. 1.1924

Schooner

None

34. Koromiko

177,599

1,541

15.10.1928

F. & A.

Schooner

Glasgow

do. Hong Kong

Clinker Sunderland

1936 Registry transferred to Singapore.

.1916 Sold to Foreigners (Chinese subjects) for breaking up.

..1923 Sold to Foreigner (Portuguese subjects).

.1907 Sold to Foreigners (Chinese subjects).

35. Teal

159,449

5

15. 4.1936

Cutter

36. Sui An

120,997

1,047

3. 1.1907

Nil

37. On On

152,435

21

6.10.1923

Noac

Carvel Hong Kong

Clinker Shanghai

Carvel Canton

38. Pak King

152,436

34

6.10.1923

do.

do.

do.

.1936 Registry transferred to Southampton. .1899 Sold to Foreigners (Chinese subjects). .1915 Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject). .1922]

do.

39. Lung Shan

152,438| 1,898

23.10.1923

Clinker Hong Kong

.1923

do.

Table XXI,-Continued.

Return of Registers of Ships Cancelled at the Port of Hong Kong during the year 1936,-Continued.

Official

Name of Ship.

Registered Date of

Rig.

Build.

No.

Tonnage.

Registry.

Where and When built.

Reason of Cancellation.

D 32

40. Len Sheung

152,441

31

16.11.1923

None

Carvel Canton

.1912]Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject).

41. Sun Wai Fung

152,442

58

16.11.1923

do.

do.

do.

.1923

do.

42. Tung Cheong

153,582

284

6. 8.1936

Nil

Clinker Hong Kong

.1923

do.

43. Wo Foo

109,855

109

29. 9.1900

None

Carvel

do.

1899

do.

44. Gretchen

120.962

13

19. 7.1905

do.

.do.

.1897

do.

45. Then Kong

159 422

12

20. 5.1935

Nil

do.

Canton

1931

do.

46. Samshui

159,425

27. 5.1935

Nil

do.

Hong Kong .....1917

do.

47. Pulau Kidjang

159,456

73

9.12.1936

Not

Clinker

do.

.1936 Registry transferred to Singapore.

D 33

Table XXII.

Passenger Trade for the Port for the year 1936.

Passengers.

Emigrants.

Class of Vessels.

No. of Ships.

Arrived. Departed. Returned Departed

British Ocean Going,

4,616

Foreign Ocean Going.

254,640 253,042 51,182 78,927

6,364 304,518 280,513 69,459 74,243

British River Steamers,

6,449

1,161,204 1,231,542

Foreign River Steamers,

2,514 149,559 152,678

Total,

19,943 1,869,921 1,917,775 120,641 153,170

Steamlaunches, Foreign Trade.

5,487

4,621

5,103

Junks, Foreign Trade,

15,196

57,302 54,934

Total, Foreign Trade. 40,626

1,931,844 1,977,812 120,641 153,170

Steamlaunches, Local Trade,

19,742

247,324 241,929

Junks, Local Trade,

23,203

6,592

6,471

Total Local Trade,

42,945

253,916 248,400

Grand Total,

83,571 2,185,760 2,226,212 120,641 153,170

Table XXIII.

Summary of Chinese Emigrants from Hong Kong to Ports other than in China, during the year 1936.

BRITISH SHIPS.

FOREIGN SHIPS.

D 34

GRAND TOTAL.

PORTS.

Adults.

Children.

Adults. Children.

Adults.

| Children.

Total.

Total.

Total

M.

F. M. F.

M. F. M. F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

Australia

Africa

691

698

691

3

4

698

66|

12

78

46

11

2

59

112

23

Portuguese, East Africa

291

36

29

4

23

137

36

British Borneo

4,330

9531

183

158, 5,624

178

65

Dutch Borneo

21

1.

1

201

งติ

12

260 4,508

1,018)

188

170

5,884

31

20

3

31

35

Calcutta

5451 126

37

22

Canada

3,306

154

147

32883

7301

545

126

37

22

730

39 3,646

197

13

19

229 3,503

167 166

39

3,875

Colombo (India)

21

2

2

...

Cuba (Havana)

30

31

30

1

3i

Dutch Indies

17,788 3,101| 1,175|

484 22,548 17,788

3,101| 1,175

484 22,548

Fiji

66

67

661

1

67

:

:

Honolulu

135

81

24

7

257 223 122

36

22

403

358

203

60

391

660

Madagscus Island (Tamatave)

76

86

62

11

74

1:8

201

£

160

Mauritius

105

110

521

100

33

660

626

104

34

770

Mexico

381

41

19]

448]

381

41

19

448

New Guinea (Raboul)

10

11

In

I

11

New Zealand (Dunnedin)

17

17

17

17

Nauru Island

215

215

731

73

288

288

Ocean Island

228

228

290

2901

5:31

518

Panama (Balboa)

483

77

10

578 483

77

10

8

573

Rangoon

5,523 1,163

451

291 7,428 802

180

98

23 1,083 6,325| 1,323||

549

314

8,511

South America

141

90

71

1

64] 366 14)

90

71

64

366

Sumatra (Bel. Deli)

84

28

14 11

137 1,581

361

104

72

2,230

Straits Settlements

Tahiti

United States of America .......

Total for 1936

Total for 1935

90 61 2,093 1,655 389

28,261 23,905 4,065 3,228 59,459| 21,103| 15,590 3,200 2,373 42,266 49,364 39,495 7,265 5,601 101,725 15 14;

101

2

29

103 2,313 213 134] 43,774 26,456 4,930 3,767 78,927 46,263 19,967 4,897 45,450 16,746 4,113 2,775 69.084|50.811|21,541) 4,978

Total passengers by British Ships Foreign

Excess of passengers by British Ships

15

14

29

53 2,713 2,414 213 136 53) 2,816 3,116 74,243 90,037 46,423 9,827 6,883 153,170 3,101 80,431 96 261 38,287 9,091 5.876 1.49,515

43,774 26,456) 4,930 3,767 78,927 46,263 19,967 4,897 3,116|| 74,243

1,681

Table XXIV.

Statement of Average Number of Emigrants from Hong Kong to Ports other than in China, for Quinquennial Periods from 1900 to 1935 inclusive.

1900.

66,961

1905. 1910. 73,105 88,452 109,110

1915.

1920.

84,602

1925. 1930. 129,004 235,141

Table XXV.

1935.

99,104

Number of Male and Female Emigrants from Hong Kong to Ports other than in China. for Ten Years, from 1927 to 1936.

D 35

Whither bound.

1927.

1928.

1929.

1930.

1931.

1932.

1933.

1934.

1935.

1936.

Straits Settlements, Males,

Straits Settlements, Females,

158,788 129,089- 113,036 88,498 35,606 13,618 43,620 40,652 33,480 32.887 14,895 7,169

14,767 55,803 8,769 35,517

69,793 56,629 37,188 45,096

Total,

202,408

169,741 146,516 121,385

50,501

20,787

23,536

91,320 106,981

101,725

Other Ports, Males, Other Ports, Females,

75,003 77,815 73,426 58,879 8,182 9,606 7,581 8,636

44,504 30,149 29,151 5.864 4,703 4,828

34,406 35,559 43,235 6,258 6.975 8,210

Total,

83,185

87,421 81,007 67,515

50,368

34,852

33,979 40,664

42,534 51,445

Grand Total,

285,593

257,162 227,523 188,900

100,869

55,639 57,515

131,984

149,515

153,170

Table XXVI.

Summary of Chinese Emigrants Returned to Hong Kong from Ports other than in China during the year 1936.

BRITISH SHIPS.

FOREIGN SHIPS.

- D 36

GRAND TOTAL.

PORTS.

Adults.

Children.

Adults.

Children.

Adults.

Children.

Total.

Total.

Total.

M. F. M.

F.

M. F. M.

F.

M. F. M.

F.

Australia

5971 28

47

28

700

471

45

45

201

581

1,068

73

92

48

1,281

Bangkok

173

61

32

21

287

3,214

695

379 2071

4,495 3,387

756

411

228

4,782

British Borneo

568!

239

144

120

1.071

165

57

271

21

270 733

296

171

141

1,341

Dutch Borneo

93

34!

16

8

151

93

34

16

8

151

Bombay

64

29

4

102

64

291

41

102

Continent of Europe

344 111

64

45.

564

704

187

99

60

Canada

1,820

2351

209

100

2,364

594

66

65! 30

99999

1,050 1,048)

298

163

105

1,614

755 2,414 301

274

130

3,119

Calcutta

2,805 1,435|

715

545

5,500

:

2,805 1,435]

715

545

Delagoa Bay

5,500

28

61

44

28

6

4

44

Honolulu

Dutch Indies

Mauritius

Nauru Island

Ocean Island

13,009 2,543 2,343 2,129

20,024 13,009 2.543

2,343 2,129

20,024

554

82

72

32

740 554

82

72

32

740

26

4

44

26

44

91

9'

:

9

8

8

8

8

Rangoon

South Africa

2,514

699

457 326

3,996 1,093

410 292

179

1,974 3,607 1,109

749

505

372

:

88

63

40

563 372

881

5,970

63

401

563

South America

Straits Settlements

U. S. A.

Total for 1936

302

55

26

18

401 302

55

26

18]

401

21,638 7,363 4,339 3,314

Sumatra (Belawan Deli)..

44

1

Total for 1935

30,503 10,172 6,008 4,499 27,947 7,744 4,206 2,737

36,654 16,911 5,676 3,501| 2,453| 4,046 1,413 46 2,090 2561 232 51,182 43,753 11,649 8 091 42,634 46,959 10,624 7,513

28,541 38,549 13.039 7,840 5,767

65,195

913 6591

98

7,031 4,046 1,413 913 2,676 2,134 257 233

659

7,031

98

2,722

5,966

4,690

69,459 74,256 21,821 14,099 10,465 120,641 69,786 74 906 18.368 11,719 7,427 112,420

Total number of passengers by Foreign Ships

""

British

Excess of passengers by Foreign Ships

43,753 11,649 8,091 5,966 69,459 30,503 10,172 6,008 4,499| 51,182

13,250 1,477 2,083 1,467 | 18,277

Table XXVII.

Statement of Average Number of Emigrants Returned to Hong Kong from Ports other than in China, for Quinquennial Periods from 1900 to 1935 inclusive.

1915. 1920. 1925. 1930. 151,728 100,641 129,106 181,227

1900.

109,534

1905. 1910. 137,814 146,585

Table XXVIII.

1935.

176,707

Number of Male and Female Emigrants Returned to Hong Kong from Ports other than in China, for Ten Years, from 1927 to 1936.

Whither bound.

1927.

1928.

1929.

1930.

1931.

1932.

1933.

1934.

1935.

1936.

Straits Settlements, Males,

113,507 100,116

Straits Settlements, Females,

23,189 20,577

97,960 120.964 134,147 98,606 23,117 28,960 35,572 30.011

51,303

40,881

42,148

46,389

18,107

13,677

14,649

18,806

Total,

136,696 120,693

121,007

149,924 | 169,719 128,617

69,410

54,558

56,797 65,195

D 37

Other Ports, Males, Other Ports, Females,

Total,

38.360 58,515 55,412 6.044 8,639 8,901

44,404 67,154 64,313

62,803 94,331 85,690 58,218 47.847 44,477 41,966 10,409 19,840 18,089 13,505 11.289 11,146 13.480

73.212 114.171 103,779 71,723 59,136 55,623 55,446

Grand Total,

181,100 187,847 185,390 223,136

283,890 232,396 141,133 113,694 112,420 120,641

D 38

Table XXIX.

Bunker Coal and Oil shipped during 1936.

EXPORTS.

Class.

. 1935.

1936.

No.

Coal Tons.

Oil

Coal

Oil

No.

Tons.

Tons.

Tons.

Steamers,

5,947

330,970

37,971 5,499

337.989

54,291

River Steamers,

4,784

116,203

1,688 4,485

83,470

1,124

Total,

10,731

447,173

39.659

9,984

421,459

55,415

D 39

Table XXX.

Comparative Return of Work performed by the Government Marine Surveyor's Department for 3 years ending

31/12/86.

YEAR.

ITEM.

1934. 1935. 1936.

Surveys for Passenger and Safety

Certificate including Radio Surveys for Passenger Certificate

103

Surveys for Safety Radio Telegraphy

Certificates

22

20

19

93

20

16

Surveys for Loadline Certificate

41

40

Surveys for Bottom Certificate

9

4

Surveys for Emigration Licence

83.

102

ཚ་3#=

61

47

38

41

7

91

Measurement of Tonnage for British

Registry

16

16.

14

Measurement of Tonnage not for

British Registry

9

6

7

Measurement of Tonnage for Suez

Canal

5

1

Measurement of Tonnage for Panama

Canal

1

Inspection and Certification of Light

and Sound Signals

15

11

16

Inspection and Certification of Life

Saving Appliances

11

11

14

Machinery and Boiler Plans

49

45

94

Surveys of Boilers during Construc-

tion

3.

2

Surveys of Government Land Boilers.

38

39

49

Surveys of Launches for plying

Licences

682

666

631

Surveys of Government Launches

and Harbour Buoys, etc.

1,260

1,413

1,400

Ships Plans Examined

212

405

232

Inclining Experiments

7

6

11

New Lifeboats Surveyed during Con-

struction

15

9

31

New Buoyant Apparatus Surveyed

during construction

105

727

598

Lifejackets. Inspected and Stamped... Lifebuoys Inspected and Stamped Engineers Examined B.O.T. Certi-

ficates

19,179

15,085

11,195

250

680

68

47

39

Engineers Examined Local Certi-

ficates

120

128

121

Estimated Total Number of Visits in

connection with Surveys

4,979

5,618

5,528

D 40

Table XXXI,

During the year 1936, there has been stored in the Govern-

ment Gunpowder Depot, Green Island:

No.

Approxi-

of

mate

Cases.

Weight.

lbs.

Gunpowder, privately owned

628

Government owned

15

25,590 738

Cartridges, privately owned

7,025

954,211

Government owned

70

4,310

Explosives, privately owned

12,261

1,567,885

Government owned

772

45.346

Non-explosives, privately owned

847

224,771

During the same period there has been delivered out of the

Depót.

No.

Approxi-

of

mate

Cases.

Weight.

lbs.

For Sale in the Colony:

Gunpowder

58

2,940

Cartridges

2,867

503,861

Explosive Compounds

2,042

915,986

Non-explosives

204

83,148

For Export:

Gunpowder

50

1,400

Cartridges

1,531

164,322

Explosive Compounds

2,272

284,259

Non-explosives-

422

86,474

Government owned:

Gunpowder

4

Explosive Compounds

409

201 21,647

Cartridges

70

4.310

D 41

Table XXXI,—Continued.

On 31st December, 1936, there remains as follows:

No. Approxi-

of

mate

Cases.

Weight.

lbs.

Gunpowder, privately owned

Government owned

520

21,250

11

537

Cartridges, privately owned

2,627

286,028

Government owned

Explosives, privately owned

7,947

1,191,998

Government owned

363

23,698

Non-explosives, privately owned

221

55,149

:

LIGHTHOUSE OR SIGNAL STATION.

Gap Rock,

Waglan,

Green Island,

Table XXXII.

Lighthouses and Signal Stations.

VESSELS

SIGNALLED.

MESSAGES MESSAGES SENT.

PERIODS. PERIOD

RECEIVED.

OF FOG.

FOG DIAPHONE SIGNALS SOUNDED. FIRED.

TYPHOON &

NON-LOCAL

SIGNALS

HOISTED.

848*

2,969

306

259 hours.

1,590

3,987+

3,918

921

452 hours 440 hours 45 mins. 45 mins.

153+

1,749

83

88

Kowloon Signal Station.

3,060

* Including 210 reported by Flash lamp.

Fog Signals fired July to December during repairs to Diaphone.

† Including 1,154 reported by Flash lamp.

11

68

D 43

Table XXXIII.

Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1935 and 1936.

A. HARBOUR DEPARTMENT.

Sub-head of Expenditure.

Amount 1935 Amount 1936

*Personal Emoluments

459,786.95

540,983.32

Other Charges:-

Coal and Oil Fuel for Launches

157.293.02

199,574.16

Coal for Offices

3,223.05

4,429.29

Conveyance Allowances

5,496.94

5,047.37

Drawing Materials, G.M.S. Office..

221.10

359.03

Electric Fans and Light

1,240.27

1,181.02

Examination Fees

1,370.00

1,380.00

Expenses of numbering Boats

*1,242.05

1,320.22

Fees to unofficial inembers

of

Marine Court

80.00

Incidental Expenses

2,842.79

2,448.56

Launch Moorings and Buoys

Navigational Moorings & Buoys...

6,126.32

2,196.55

Ocean Steamship Moorings and

Buoys

12,358.57

17,147.03

Rent Light & Water Allowances

for Slipway Staff

3,270.00

3,243.00

Repairs, Minor improvements and Stores for Launches & Boats Slipway at Yaumati, Maintenance..... Stores & Equipment for Lighthouses. Transport

137,748.36

132,267.31

2,812.82

1,928.10

10,388.57

12,338.52

Uniforms

544.63 5,285.76

413.12

4,891.57

Total Personal Emoluments and

Other Charges C.F.

811,331.20 931,148.17

* Includes Officers of Senior Clerical and Accounting staff and Junior

Clerical Services.

- D 44

Table XXXIII,-Continued.

Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1935 and 1936.-Contd.

A.-HARBOUR DEPARTMENT.

Sub-head of Expenditure.

Amount 1935 Amount 1936

$

$

¢

Brought forward

811,331.20

931,148.17

SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.

New Police Launch No. 9

New Police Launch No. 1

Repairs to Green Island Light

9,250.00 127,225.15

2,640.00

Now Light for Lan Tau

601.95

stetner for G.M.S. Office

680.00

sfer of Boiler from H.D.I. to

"Aldecoa"

50.28

Steel Filing Cabinets for G.M.S.

180.00

Vw Launch to replace H.D.I.

9,775.00

sraments & Models for G.M.S.

284.16

Dalton Adding Machine

375.00

ng.ne for R.D.I.

6,055.00

w Engine for H.D.7.

6,740.00

Motor Boat

5,300.00

New Police Launch No. 9

27,787.21

New Police Launch No. 1

87,993.66

Electric Machine for sewing heavy

canvas

1,010.14

Training Expenses of Asst. G.M.S.

in England

1,255.85

Total Special Expenditure

146,756.02 140,447.38

Total 1.-Harbour Department

958,087.22 1,071,595.55

D 45

Table XXXIV.

Comparative Statement of Revenue 1935 and 1936.

Sub-head of Revenue.

Amount 1935.

Amount

1936.

1. Motor Spirit Duties,

2. Light Dues, Ordinance 10 of 1899... Buoy Dues, Ordinance 10 of 1899.

124.00

227.60

348,697.00

518,928.39

136,910.00

119,356.00

3. Licences and Internal Revenue

no otherwise specified:

Boat Licences, Ord. 10 of 1899...

116,533.25

117,967.50

Chinese Passenger Ship Licences,

Ordinance 1 of 1889

1,380.00

1,290.00

Fines

7,863.25

9,275.96

Forfeitures

173.00

275.00

Fishing Stake and Station

Licences, Ordinance 10 of 1899.

20.70

13.80

Fishing Stake and Station

Licences, from the New Ter- ritories, Ord. 10 of 1899

824.10

673.00

Junk Licences, &c., Ord. 10 of

1899

32,853.50

29,415.25

Junk Licences, &c., from the

New Territories, Ord. 10 of 1899

13,302.75

12,604.50

Steam-launch Licences, &c.

Ord. 10 of 1899

15,206.75

14,301.50

4. Fees of Court or Office, Payments for specific purposes & Reimburse- ments-in-Aid:

Engagement and Discharge of

Seamen, Ordinance 10 of 1899.

47,668.35

45,480.27

Examination of Masters, &c.,

Ord. 10 of 1899

2,120.00

2,115.00

Gunpowder, Storage of, Ord. 10

of 1899

28,572.24

38,078.75

Medical Examination of Emi-

grant Ord. 1 of 1889

156,310.30

164,046.00

Official Signatures, Ord. 1 of 1889. Publications, Sale of, Ord. 1 of

9,020.00

9,555.00

1889

769.40

359.90

Registry Fees (Merchant Ship-

ping Act), Ord. 10 of 1899

2,985.00

879.00

Steam-launches, Surveyor's Cer-

tificates, Ord. 10 of 1899

11,730.00

13,962.50

Survey of Steamships, Ordin-

ance 10 of 1899

75,013.21

82,720.79

Sunday Cargo Working Permits,

Ord. 1 of 1891

69,931.25

75,637.50

Miscellaneous

122.77

117.15

Widows' & Orphans' Pension

(Contributions)

35.55

Carried forward

1,078,166.37 1,257,280.36

D 46

Table XXXIV,—Continued.

Comparative Statement of Revenue 1935 and 1936.

Sub-head of Revenue.

Amount

Amount

1935.

1936.

$

Buildings

Brought forward

7. Rent of Government Property:

Lands not Leased

Rent of Government Furniture

1,078,166.37 1,257,280.36

341.30

341.30

8.19

176.52

9. Miscellaneous Receipts:-

Sale of condemned stores

443.50

1,734.60

Overpayments in Previous Years.

36.36

49.20

Other Miscellaneous Receipts:

Pilot Licences Ord. 3 of 1904

425.00

400.00

Engagement of Masters and

Engineers of Steam Launches. Other Miscellaneous Receipts

265.00

230.00

128.50

1,079,677.53 1,260,348.67

Total

Table XXXV.

Comparative Statement of Expenditure and Revenue for

last ten years.

Personal (*)

Year.

Emoluments

and Other Charges.

Special

Total

Total

Expenditure. Expenditure. Revenue.

$

¢

1927 653,618.99

21,641.10

99,733.94

675,260.09 | 1,000,229.80 796,231.92

1928 696,497.98 1929 744,194.35 942,271.67

1930

1931

1,013,003.51

1932

998,861.44

1933

653,318.32

1934 921,624.49

1935

1936

811,331.20

931,148.17

973,283.46 68,259.67 812,454.02 1,010,061.97 138,788.971,081,060.64 |1,020,741.02 38,028.27 1,051,031.78 1,433,534.87 106,930.50 1,105,791.94 1,445,435.64 44,678.65 997,996.97 1,256,924.71 54,985.26 146,756.02

976,609.75 1,210,355.51

958,087.22 1,079,677.53

140,447.38 1,071,595.55 1,260,348.67

(*) Includes Officers of Senior Clerical and Accounting and Junior Clerical Services attached to Department.

1930 and 1931 include figures for Air Services.

D 47

Table XXXVI.

Light Dues were collected during the year 1936 as follows: —

Rate

Class of Vessels.

No. of Tonnage. per ton. Trips.

Fees Collected.

*

¢

Ocean Vessels

Commission on Bahama

5,495 15,050,311 2.4/10, 470,552.26

Dues

Steam-launches

River Steamers

Total

*

1,205.01

1,837

58,408 2.4/10e

1,839.50

4,619 3,895,059! 9/10

45,331.62

11,951 19,003,778

518,928.39

Charged under Notification No. 147 of 1933.

Table XXXVII.

Licences issued and Revenue collected at Harbour Master's Out Stations:

Stations,

1935

1935 Licences Revenue Issued. Collected.

$

1936 Revenue Collected.

$

1936

Licences! Increase. Decrease.

Issued.

$

$

Shaukiwan

5,847

17.954.50*18,586.25

Aberdeen

6,542

16,961.90 17,004.00

Stanley

930

1.444.55 1,133.55

Yaumati

4,548

38.482.75 | +32,617.50

6,116 631.75 6,564 720 4,298

42.10

311.00 5,865.25

Cheung Chow...

5,938

17,541.00 16,605.90 5.629

935.10

Tai O

2,526

5 292.65

Taipo

1,875

Saikung

735

Longket

1,981

5,302.05 5,390.15 5,786.10 2.058.50 1,997.25 4,381.90 4.003.80 1,661

2,423 1,926

9.40 395.95

906

61.25

378.10

Deep Bay

1,349

Lantau

605

Lok Ma Chau...

3,607.70 4,403.00 1,780 1,723.45 1,972.55 623 940.60 350

795.30

249.10

940.60

Total:....

32,876 114,839.05 110,352,55 32,996

3,064.20 7,550.70

Net decrease:—

4,486.50

*

Excluding Dispensary Fees

f

""

.$1,672.10

3,150.60

Table XXXVIII.

Number of Boat Licences, Permits, etc., issued and Fees Collected during the year 1936. (Under Table U. Section 39 of Ordinance No. 10 of 1899.)

DESCRIPTION.

LICENCE

DUPLICATE

LICENCES. Books.

LICENCES.

BOAT RE-

PAINTING.

SPECIAL

PERMITS.

FEES.

3,417

$3,471.00

:

Licence Books

Boat Repainting

Special Permits

Passenger Boats, A. & B. Classes

2,331

Lighters, Cargo & Water Boats

1,798

Other Boats, Class IV

15,638

Fish Drying Hulks

67

Duplicate Licences

:

:

:

:

:.

:

:

:

:

:

6,044

1,134

:

:

:

:

1,511.00 |

283.50

12,560.75 |

47,187.75

52,383.75

:

:

557.75

9.00

Total

19,834

3,417

9

6,044

1,134 $117,964.50

D 49

Table XXXIX.

B.-AIR SERVICES.

Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1935 and 1936.

Sub-head of Expenditure.

Amount 1935 Amount 1936

Personal Emoluments

20,623.72

29,251.45

Other Charges:-

Annual Subsidy to Volunteers

29,854.59

Electric Fans and Light

200.23

680.79

Flying Fees for Staff

2,470.42

Incidental Expenses

100.54

4,104.15

Upkeep of Buoys

100.00

190.00

Upkeep of Motor Car

275.69

499.81

Upkeep of Motor Roller

28.35

45.12

Upkeep of Aerodrome

1,655.85

2,900.44

Upkeep of Fire Engine

52.13

420.32

Total Personal Emoluments and

Other Charges

52,891.10

40,562.50

Special Expenditure:-

Instruments and Books, for

Examination

479.52

491.08

Purchase of Ambulance

250.00

Fire Engine for Kai Tak Aerodrome.

7,777.09

Flying Fees for Asst. Supt. of

Aerodrome

2,452.08

Total Special Expenditure

10,708.69

741.08

Total B.-Air Services

63,599.79 41,303.58

D 50

Table XL.

B.-AIR SERVICES.

Comparative Statement of Revenue 1935 and 1936.

Sub-head of Revenue.

Amount 1935.

Amount 1936.

?

3. Licences and Internal Revenue

not otherwise specified:-

Air Services

4. Fees of Court or Office, Payments for specific purposes and Reim- bursements in aid:

Air Service Fees

310.00

400.00

7,101.10

11,601.60

Total

$ 7,411.10 12,001.60

Table XLI.

B.-AIR SERVICES.

Comparative Statement of Expenditure and Revenue for

the year 1930 to 1936.

Year.

Personal (1)

Emoluments

Special

Total

Total and Other Expenditure. Expenditure. Revenue. Charges.

1930 (2) 33,896.70

60,000.00 93,896.70

1931

26,691.12

26,691.12

40.00

1932

11,457.04

88.81

11,545.85 14,344.00

1933

13,899.75

13,899.75

6,850.00.

1934

40,191.51

10,765.85

50,957.36

10,265.00

1935

52,891.10 10,708.69

63,599.79

7,411.10

1936

40,562.50

741.08

. 41,303.58

12,001.60

(1) Does not include the Salary of the Director which is charged to

A. Harbour Department.

(2) February, 1930.

China

Table XLII.

Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers, and crews of aircraft arriving at airports in the Colony of Hong Kong from each country in the year 1936.

Countries whence arrived.

Air Craft.

2

Manila (Philippine).

French Indo-China... 50 37

Passengers.

Crew.

છે.

Co

BRITISH

Goods, Mails and

excess luggage

lons.

110

6.5

215.0

Aircraft tonnage.

2.0

+

Air Craft.

Passengers.

65

77

125

a

19

CO

FOREIGN

Susan ssaxJ.

0.4

273.00

24.25

TOTAL

6999

67

77

128

0.4

275.00

Passengers.

Crew.

-Goods, Mails and

excess luggage tons.

Aircraft tonnage

N

19

Co

24.25

2

12

.19.25

54 39 122

6.5 234.25

Total

52

37 113

6.5

217.0

71 98 143

0.4

316.50

123 135

256

6.9

535.50

D 51

Japan

P

Countries to which departed.

China

Manila (Philippines).

2

French Indo-China.......[ 49

Air Craft.

Passengers.

!

Table XLIII.

Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers, and crews of aircraft departing at airports in the Colony of Hong Kong

Crew.

Goods, Mails and

to each

country in the year 1936.

BRITISH

FOREIGN

ǝsessu səxə

fons.

Aircraft tonnage.

Air Craft.

Passengers.

Crew.

Goods, Mails and

excess luggage tons.

Aircraft tonnage.

Air Craft.

19

C

66

49

131

0.2

281.5

89

89

94

134

0.2

283.5

15

4

22.5

1

15

4

22.5

41

110

2.7

214

6

10.0

51

45

116

2.7

224.0

1

1

15

1

1

1,5

Total

51

41 113

2.7

216

70

113 142

0.2

315.5

121

154 255

2.9

531.5

TOTAL

Passengers.

Crew.

Goods, Mails and excess luggage

tons.

Aircraft tonnage.

D 52-

D 53

Table XLIV.

AIRCRAFT ARRIVALS AND DEPARTURES.

Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers, and crews of aircraft of each nation arriving at airports in the Colony of Hong Kong in the year 1936.

ARRIVING.

NATIONALITY OF

AIRCRAFT.

Goods, Mails.

Aircraft.

Passen-

gers.

Crew.

and excess

Aircraft

luggage.

tonnage.

British

52

37

113

6,5 Tons

217.0

Chinese

65

77

125

0.4

275.0

German

1

9.0

French

2

American

1

19

22

2

5

7.75

22.50

Filipino

1

Latvian

1

1 1

2

1.25

1

1.00

Total

123

135

256

6.9 tons

533.50

Table XLV.

AIRCRAFT ARRIVALS AND DEPARTURES.

Number, tonnage, cargo, passengers, and crews of aircraft of each nation departing from airports in the Colony of Hong Kong in the year 1936.

DEPARTING,

NATIONALITY OF

AIRCRAFT.

Aircraft.

Passen-

gers.

Crew.

Goods, Mails, and excess

Aircraft

luggage.

tonnage.

British

51

Chinese

695

41

113

2.7

216.0

65

94

125

0.2

275.0

German

1

}

6

Co

*9.0

Filipino

1

2

1.25

American

1

15

4

22.50

French

2

स

7.75

Total

121

154

255

2.9

531.50

Appendix E.

REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMPORTS AND

EXPORTS FOR THE YEAR 1936.

I. LIQUOR.

1. Although there was an increase in the net revenue col- lected of $352,568 as compared with 1935, yet there was an all-round decrease in the duty-paid gallonage of whisky, gin, sherry, brandy and rum during the year 1936.

2. The increase in revenue was due to the removal of the factor and to the substitution of a fixed tariff on a slightly higher scale.

3. The decrease in the duty-paid gallonage was probably due to depression in trade, and to the fact that dealers at the end of 1935 had collected large stocks of all kinds of liquor, except perhaps champagne and liqueurs, in anticipation of the removal of the factor, which at that time was very much in their favour.

4. The low dollar and the consequent increase in the exports of perfume by local firms contributed to an increase in revenue from spirits of wine.

5. There was a slight increase in the revenue from native local distilled spirit, which was due entirely to the introduction of the higher tariff rate above-mentioned. The gallonage con- sumed showed a large decrease due to the prevailing depression in trade and to an increase in illicit distilling.

6. One of the most outstanding features of the year was the increase in illicit distilling in urban areas. Unemployment at the distilleries has probably led many former employees to turn their knowledge into less legitimate channels, and the cheapness of local rents coupled with the increase in duty has enabled them to flood the market with cheap spirits. Arrests and con- victions however, have been frequent, and the heavy penalties imposed by local magistrates have had a salutary effect on this form of illegal enterprise.

7. One serious case of fraud on the Revenue by a licensed distillery was discovered during the year under review. This Distillery had been granted special permission to use duty-free spirits for the purpose of making vinegar, but unfortunately for some months they utilised only part of their allowance for de- naturing purposes. The remainder of the allowance was

E 2

consigned to a local spirit shop, which was under their control, and the duty paid labels and passes of a genuine consignment were removed at the spirit shop and sent back to the Distillery, where they were re-used to cover up the fraudulent consign- ment.

8. As usual Tai Pak and Yee Pak, tiny villages in the northern part of Lantao facing Hong Kong, were the sources of most of the illicit spirit in rural areas. Constant raids were carried out on these hills, and nearly always illicit stills and hundreds of gallons of fermenting mash were destroyed. Arrests were unusual, because the appearance of a Revenue Launch was the signal for an outburst of cracker firing, which served as a warning to all operators who merely abandoned their stills, and mash, and fled." Occasionally raids were conducted under cover of darkness but the barking of watch dogs usually betrayed the presence of a raiding party, and although sufficient evidence of distilling was always found outside the village, any request for information in the village itself was met with a sullen and stony silence.

9. On one occasion an arrest was made through the in- genuity of a Revenue Officer, who approached the scene of operation by wading up to his waist in water along the bed of a stream. Five fire places and 160 gallons of rice mash were discovered.

10. The river steamers and launches still continued to give trouble, and small lots of spirits were constantly found on ships. engaged in the Northern Coastal Trade.

II. TOBACCO.

11. The total consumption of tobacco of all kinds for all purposes showed a decrease of 331,217 lbs. in comparison with 1935, but owing to the abolishing of the factor and the sub- stitution of a higher rate of duty the net amount of revenue collected was $4,066,930 which is a very pleasing increase in comparison with former years. The fact, however, that draw- back payments to the extent of $200,000 will have to be made to the British Cigarette Company in January 1937 for duty paid tobacco taken out in December 1936 somewhat diminishes this achievement.

12. Thrice as much tobacco was exported on drawback this year as in the previous year, and the increase in the export trade with Dairen is a particularly pleasing feature.

13. There was a notable increase in the amount of clean leaf imported due solely to the increased tariff rate, whereby Chinese importers found it cheaper to take their tobacco in the first instance to Macao to be stripped and cleaned, than to rely on the Government allowance.

.

E 3

-

14. A comparatively small amount of cigarettes was smuggled during the year due mostly to the fact that although a slightly higher tariff was imposed, the price of cigarettes manu- factured locally remained practically unchanged. On the other hand Chinese style manufactured tobacco was persistently smuggled by the crews of River Steamers, by travelling traders and by sampans from Macao to Cheung Chau. The travelling- trader fraternity-women included--smuggles goods in small quantities into China and in order not to return to Hong Kong empty-handed, tobacco in small quantities is introduced in the hope of getting through the search party on the wharves. Many of these people arrive on the night steamer and remain on board until daylight. If a search is made of the vessel on arrival the tobacco is hidden or discarded, and if it is not picked up by the Revenue staff it is later retrieved with the object of somehow getting it ashore.

15. Smuggling of tobacco by fishing boats to Cheung Chau for distribution there and at Aberdeen is on a well-organized basis. When a cargo arrived it was quickly transferred to several untenanted huts and repacked into small lots. Al- though some arrests were made, it was unusual to find the huts tenanted when a raid was carried out.

III. MOTOR SPIRIT.

16. As a result of a slight increase in the duty on Motor Spirit the revenue return is slightly higher.

IV. OPIUM.

17. The total amount of prepared opium sold amounted only to 15,496 taels which is a new low record. In April of this year the price of Government Opium was reduced from $17 per tael to $12 per tael. It was hoped by reduction of the price per tael to do something to counter the traffic in cheap illicit opium, but although sales for the year increased by some 120 taels the income for the year was reduced by $41,622. Even the sale of Kam Shan Opium, which is a luxury brand reserved for specially registered smokers, showed a decrease of some 1,900 taels, resulting in a further drop in comparison with last year of $51,040.

18. It must again be emphasized that the severe decline in revenue means that Government is now subsidizing opium preventive work to such an extent that the expenditure more than offsets the income.

19. The only real explanation of this decline seems to be the increased use of smuggled opium and the overwhelming growth of the menace of heroin pills. There is no doubt that the population here has not yet acquired the taste for Singapore opium, and the reason given in the past has been the use of Persian opium in the blend. This year, however, owing to the failure in the supplies of Chinese opium, most of the illicit opium must have been Persian so that the objection to Govern- ment opium may really be the price rather than the taste.

E 4

Chinese Raw Opium.'

20. Though Hong Kong is still flooded with illicit prepared opium the tendency was for this opium to be prepared from Persian raw owing to a shortage of Chinese raw. When available

the price of Chinese raw opium was low, but towards the end of the year, owing to political changes in the adjoining provinces of China, a definite scarcity of this type of opium was observed. This year seizures shrank by one half in comparison with 1935, and only 9,662 taels were seized.

21. In one case an Indian Warder saw some people acting suspiciously in the gathering darkness on the sea shore at Cheung Sha Wan. He flashed his torch on the scene of their activities, and they immediately fled, leaving behind 900 taeis of Chinese raw opium packed in double tins tied up with gunny bag covers, and strongly corded.

22. In another case 900 taels were found on the sea bed near the Jordan Road ferry. This consignment had been dumped in sealed tins and weighted down with about 80 lbs. of old iron. The spot had been carefully buoyed, and no diffi- culty was found in retrieving the opium with the information available.

Persian Raw Opium.

23. The seizures of Persian raw opium during the year under review showed a heavy increase over those of 1935. Altogether 58,711 taels were seized under conditions which pointed to Macao as being the chief source from which it was smuggled.

24. One consignment of 11,508 taels was seized on board a small fishing junk which had just arrived from Macao. It was packed in 24 sealed tins with gunny bag covers. Somehow or other, the crew of the junk had obtained six passes issued in the name of a neighbouring Government. Each pass pur- ported to authorize the issue for six separate junks of 1,920 taels of prepared opium for the purpose of ship's stores. Opium for this purpose is undoubtedly issued by a neighbouring Gov- ernment to the fishing fleets at the beginning of the fishing season, but the issue of such opium is confined to prepared opium. On this occasion all the opium seized was raw opium, and no satisfactory explanation was given by the crew of the junk for the possession of this opium. Fishing junks do not carry a big crew, nor are their fishing trips of such duration as to warrant the issue of 1,920 taels for one voyage. There is no doubt that this was another case of organized smuggling, for no junk master could afford the capital expenditure involved in the purchase of such a large quantity of opium.

25. Another important case was the seizure of 8,640 taels on another junk in February 1936. This opium was also packed in sealed tins with gunny bag covers, and the marks and serial

7-

E 5

numbers of the covers were very similar to those of a shipment of Persian raw opium, which had passed through Hong Kong a few weeks before under an import authorization issued by a neighbouring Government. These two cases showed that the smuggling of Persian raw opium was on a highly organized basis.

26. Another case was the seizure of 9,600 taels of Persian raw opium on board the S.S. "Hai Tan". This opium was in the process of being transferred from a cargo boat alongside the S.S. "Hai Tan" when it was challenged by an Indian guard on the ship. Some shots were fired and the second boatswain was shot and killed. The vessel was on the point of leaving for Swatow and Amoy and it is probable that the opium was con- signed there with the object of transhipping it to the Straits or Java.

Prepared Opium.

27. Of 19,851 taels of prepared opium seized about three- fifths was Red Lion brand, which in comparison with last year seems to have regained all its lost popularity. In direct contrast this year the seizures of Kwong Chow Wan brand were only 3,371 taels. The largest seizure during the year was on a junk in Aberdeen harbour, where 3,350 taels of Red Lion were seized. The opium was packed in the usual one tael tins, which were enclosed in larger sealed tins, so that if threatened by Revenue launch the consignment could be dumped on the sea-bed, and retrieved under more propitious circumstances.

28. Another seizure occurred on the Norwegian steamer "Marosa", where 2,140 taels were found in the engine room. The smugglers in this case, probably the engine room crew, had dismantled the overhead pipes in the engine room, and stuffed the opium inside. Part of this consignment had been concealed at one time in the fire-extinguishing apparatus, for when this. was opened by Revenue Officers it was discovered to be empty. The condition of the packages and tins indicated that the opium had been concealed in the engine room for some weeks. This opium was probably intended for export to Singapore and, although the "Marosa" had just returned from there, it was possible that the crew had been unable to land the consignment owing to the vigilance of the Singapore Customs Officials.

29. Nearly all of the prepared opium was seized under con- ditions, which pointed to the export trade, and there can be no doubt that its destination was Java, or the Straits, and in some cases America.

30. There was a number of cases of using the mails to transport opium, and the most favoured method was to take a tael or more of specially dried prepared opium, which was care- fully wrapped up in a newspaper and posted in the usual way. Canada or Jamaica was the usual destination of these postal packets. Such cases were very difficult to detect, as there was

は

E 6

no clue to the sender, and the addressee was usually an accom- modation address. One Chinese male who was arrested in connection with a postal case absconded leaving $2,000 bail behind.

Opium Divans.

31. The supplies for local smokers were

were either prepared locally from Chinese raw, or from Persian raw, or imported in prepared state from Macao, Kwong Chow Wan or Wuchow, or other nearby ports. Local boiling was regularly carried out although in small lots.

32. The number of divans during the year did not decrease and in many cases they reopened within a few hours of being raided. In one case two divans in adjacent houses on a floor opening off the same stair-case were raided, and found in opera- tion on three successive days. Female attendants were found, and tea, cigarettes and fruit were on sale.

33. As a general rule persons found smoking in divans were not arrested, owing to insufficient accommodation at the Gaol. Convicted divan keepers very seldom paid their fines, for as often as not they were paid by their principals for the period served in gaol.

Retail price of illicit prepared opium varied from $2.50 to $3.00 per tael. Chinese raw ranged from $1.70 to $2.20, and Persian raw from $1.70 to $2.20 per tael. Persian prepared opium was available at $3.00 per tael.

Opium Shops.

34. During the year the policy of selling Government opium through the Head Office and Government shops for the most part was further developed by the opening of seven additional shops, while the only retailers retained were those who func- tioned in the New Territories. The shops, in all 13 in number, are so disposed as to serve all parts of the urban district.

V.-HEROIN.

35. During the year under review 3,606,707 pills and 7712 ozs. of heroin were seized in 526 cases, a large majority of which were found in pill factories.

A raid on a heroin factory in Kowloon revealed that an address in Des Voeux Road Central was probably a distributing place for heroin. When this address was raided it was found to be a depot for heroin pills and for pill ingredients, and alto- gether 87 ozs. of heroin were found on the premises. One Chinese male was arrested who was eventually sentenced to 61 years hard labour. The drug in this case is believed to have come from Tientsin. Casual seizures were made at other places in the Colony, and in one case a bottle containing oz. heroin, and in another a tin containing 25 ozs. of heroin, were found to have labels bearing the name of the Japan Pharmaceutical Establishment of Osaka.

E7-

36. Another case of paramount importance and interest was the discovery on premises in Fuk Wing Street, Sham Shui Po, of 36 jars of chloroform and 32 jars of Acetic Anhydride, which are used for making heroin. These jars arrived in the Colony from Osaka in 1935. Special vacuum pumps and filters on which there were traces of heroin were also found

on the premises, and there were additional apparatus and gear in the premises, which had arrived from Tientsin and Shanghai respec- tively. There is no doubt that a deliberate attempt to manu- facture heroin had been made at this address and, although the attempt was probably successful, it had to be abandoned because cheaper heroin could be bought from Tientsin. There was evidence from this case that most of the heroin smuggling was done by the crews of coastal steamers arriving from Tientsin.

37. Early this year it became obvious that pills were being manufactured on a large scale in the Colony, and special mea- sures were adopted to combat the new menace. Instead of summary proceedings as heretofore in these cases, all prosecu- tions concerning factories were eventually taken before the Supreme Court for trial and sentence.

38. There was little change in the methods of manufac- ture, for factories were usually established in ordinary tenement houses, although occasionally more wary and enterprising manufacturers moved into residential districts, where their operations were usually free from prying eyes.

89. So successful were the methods adopted by the De- partment, that in many raids the factory was found in full swing and employees were as often as not engaged in rolling and cut- ting the heroin mixture. Occasionally factories were discovered, which specialized in pills with all the usual constituents except heroin.

40. Caffeine was invariably a constituent of the pills found, and it is an essential ingredient. Some idea therefore of the wide-spread popularity of the red pill may be gauged from the fact that at least 7,945 pounds of caffeine (that is, sufficient to make at least 180 millions pills) were consumed in the local market during the year. It must be understood, however, that caffeine itself is not a Dangerous Drug, nor is its movement restricted or supervised in any way by this Department.

41. Another interesting feature of the factories was that very little money was ever found on the premises. Buyers of pills usually dealt with central agencies, who probably received their orders by telephone or messenger, and the pills were despatched afterwards either direct from the factory, or from a nearby depot. The carriers of pills were mostly country women, whose usual excuse was that they had just come down from the country and did not know they were doing wrong, and that the pills had been handed to them in the street by a man they did not know to deliver to a man in another street, whọm they also did not know.

E 8

Heroin Pill Divans.

42. The seizures of heroin pills this year increased seven fold, and although divans did not increase in the same rate a conservative estimate of their number would be in the neigh- bourhood of 2,000. The clientele of these places has increased, and it is sad evidence of the universal popularity of the red pill that, in a recent raid on one divan merchants, bankers, shroffs, clerks, shop-keepers and students, were all found under one roof.

or

43. The comparative affluence of the furnishings of divans and the intensive catering by the divan keeper for every whim of their clients indicate the tremendous profits that are to be made out of this abominable trade. In one house the whole of the first floor at a rent of $63 per month was occupied for smoking purposes. Five European beds in separate cubicles were found with an additional two beds in the "teng" sitting room. In the rear part of the premises another two beds were found, and the whole place was tastefully decorated. Three waitresses were on duty dispensing tea, cakes, fruit and cigarettes, in addition to heroin pills. There was an elaborate system of air-alarm bells numbered to correspond with each cubicle, and ash-trays, pipe-cleaners, and matches, provided by the house, were found in each cubicle. There were more than twenty smokers present at the time of the raid, the majority of whom spoke English.

44. As usual very few pills were found in divans so as to diminish the consequences of arrest, for as yet the possession of the paraphernalia for smoking, e.g. pipes, lamps etc., is not contrary to law, although Government is contemplating legis- lation in this respect along the lines of the Opium Ordinance.

VI. OTHER DANGEROUS Drugs.

45. Only 1 oz. of morphine and 3 ozs. of cocaine were seized during the year, and there was no evidence of any concerted dealing in these drugs.

VII. REVENUE STATION AT FAN LING.

46. The station continued to justify its existence and satis- factory results have been obtained during the past year. Al- though smuggling is still very prevalent along the frontier the number of seizures and arrests have increased in comparison with last year.

47. A noteworthy feature of the latter part of the year was the decrease in the amount of Chinese opium being smuggled over the Border, the explanation of which has been mentioned elsewhere.

- E 9

48. There has been a marked increase, however, in the number of convictions for tobacco smuggling which is very pre- valent at present owing to the demand from large numbers of coolies who are engaged in various new and large enterprises in the Northern District.

49. Illicit stills are numerous and their detection especially in the remote parts is very difficult, but there has again been an increase in seizures and convictions.

The menace of heroin pills is not now confined to urban districts of Hong Kong and Kowloon, for there have been many seizures in heroin divans in the various villages of the New Territories. Un Long, Sheung Shui and Tai Po seem to be the main centres.

VIII. LEGISLATION.

50. A new Dangerous Drugs Ordinance (No. 35 of 1935) with Regulations made thereunder came into force on January 1st, 1936. The new Act approximates very closely to the new Home Act, and Codeine, Dionin and other salts are treated as Dangerous Drugs for purposes of import, export, wholesale trade and manufacture only by proclamation under Section 20(2) of the above. Ordinance.

51. New Legislation along the lines of the Opium Ordinance is contemplated under the Dangerous Drugs Ordinance in order to deal with heroin divans. At present it is impossible to institute proceedings where heroin pipes, lamps and other smoking requisites are found unless enough pills for analysis are also seized.

IX.-LOCAL FACTORIES.

52. The year under review has seen a very large develop- ment in the trade of local factories, which produce garments including underwear and shirts, rubber shoes, cotton cloth, electric torch cases, batteries and bulbs, canned goods and pre- serves, hats and caps, knitted wear-cotton and woollen socks and stockings, leather shoes and slippers, leather and artificial leather trunks and wares, ground-nut oil etc., and altogether 11,891 Certificates were issued. The exporting firms with the aid as a rule of a Certificate of Origin have been able to build up a promising trade with other parts of the Empire, thanks to the benefit of Empire preference, for which the articles manufactured are enabled to qualify. All factories which wish to apply for these Certificates of Origin must be registered in the Imports and Exports Department, and frequent inspection is carried out to prevent the re-export of alien goods under the guise of Empire products.

E 10

53. All applications for Certificates of Origin must be ac- companied by a Declaration from the manufacturer that the goods were actually manufactured in his premises in the Colony of Hong Kong.

X-TRADE STATISTICS.

54. The trade statistics for the year 1936 make encouraging reading showing as they do what appears to be a definite trend towards improved conditions. In terms of local currency imports of merchandise increased by 23.9% in 1936 as compared with 1935, whilst exports increased by *29.5%.

The upward trend of trade was particularly noticeable in the closing quarter of the year 1936, despite the fact that on account of the maritime strike in U.S.A. very few vessels registered in that country arrived in the Colony during this period.

55. Paradoxically the number of vesels' manifests received decreased from 41,718 in 1935 to 36,918 in 1936, whilst the number of declarations received increased from 566,517 in 1935 to 574,641 in 1936: the inference being that vessels trading with the Colony carried larger individual freights in 1936 than in 1935.

56. A great deal of unnecessary time and labour was spent in sending out reminders to merchants in regard to non-declara- tions and erroneous statements contained in the declarations. submitted; the number increasing from 15,972 in 1935 to 22,127 in 1936. Unless the importers and exporters of the Colony furnish complete and accurate declarations as required under the regulations of the Imports and Exports Ordinance it may become necessary again to institute rigorous legal proceedings against firms and individuals who do not comply with the regulations.

57. A revised "Imports and Exports Classification List" was compiled in 1936 and is now on sale to the public.

58. There was a continued increased demand for the "Trade and Shipping Returns"; and fees on account of special statistical information supplied to firms and individuals increased by approximately 5% in 1936 as compared with 1935.

59. During the year 1936 total movements of treasure decreased as compared with 1935, mainly on account of smaller exports of silver bars which totalled $100.9 millions in 1935 as compared with $26,000 in 1936. On the other hand imports of Chinese silver dollars increased from $6.7 millions in 1935 to $45.2 millions in 1936.

E 11

60. In order to estimate with greater accuracy the increase or decrease in the actual volume of the trade of the Colony, than is possible by a statement of value only, an index figure was constructed taking the year 1931 as a base. For the purposes of this index number some 185 articles were selected, including the commonest which could be enumerated by quan- tity. The comparison is given below:

1931 = 100

By Quantity.

By Value.

1932

92.3

84.6

1933

89.1

67.9

1934

74.8

56.4

1935

78.1

57.0

1936

84.2

61.3

9th March, 1937.

T. MEGARRY,

Superintendent of Imports and Exports.

-E 12

-

Table I.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE FOR LAST THREE YEARS.

1934.

1935.

1936.

Personal Emoluments (1)

...283,706.20

262,743.44

321,591.62

Other Charges :-

Advertisements

Binding Permits

120.00

120.00

120.00

Torches & Batteries

278.23

167.68

38.40

Cleansing Materials & Washing

359.49

Conveyance & Motor Allowances

4,018.84

4,702,72

4,819.44

Elec. Light Fans & Heating

371.94

384.53

249.09

Gas for Laboratory

142.74.

132.99

Incidental Expenses

302.91

426.60

344.76

Laboratory Stores

799.58

452.31

604.17

Liquor Labels, Printing

1,995.50

1,843.00

1,488.00

Office Cleaning Materials

254.93

280.84

189,28

Overtime Allowance for Clerical

Staff

205.50

221.25

222.50

Rent of Staff Quarters in N. T.

1,680.00

1,680.00

1,680 00

Revenue Reward Fund

Stationery, &c.

189.13

116.46

52.80

Transport

1,386.06

1,354.37

1,037.57

Uniforms for R. Os & Messengers

4,341.71

4,916.87

4,259.41

Opium :-Elec. Fans & Light

110.64

Incidental Expenses

8.63

60.65

Miscellaneous Stores

12.40

Packing Expenses

1,892.62

970.23

1,296.13

Purchase of Raw Opium,

&c.

38,115.00

25,037.35

35,202 00

Purchase of Govt.

Prepared Opium

23.786.38

Stransport

156.55

32.00

24.00

Expenses of 13 Govt.

Opium Shops

12,361.38

12,249.59

23,536.31

Statistical Branch :-

Book Binding

140.35

131.55

132.00

Cleaning Materials

63 14

76.10

84.83

Elec. Light & Heating

301.36

399.58

390.90

Forms & Registers

500.00

503.00

Incidental Expenses

248.40

127.68

156.88

Miscellaneous Stationery.

43.70

8.45

10.74.

Printing of Reports

7,015.00

6,216.00

6,910.00

Transport

104.96

77.44

Uniforms for Coolies & Messengers

109.88

121.05

111.50

Total Other Charges

77,382.87

62,786.91

107,018.18

Special Expenditures :—

Refrigerator

562.50

Patrol Waggon

2,453.38

Total Special Expenditure ... 3,015.88

Total

.364,104.95

325,530.35

428,609.81

FOOTNOTE :--(1) includes Officers of Cadet, S. C. & A. Staff & Junior

Clerical Service,

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE FOR LAST THREE YEARS.

1934.

1935.

1936.

Gross

Net

Gross

Net

Gross

Net

$

E 13

3,210.00

3,210.00

664,018.80

655,067.94

71,572.50

71,572.50

5.57

5.57

Duties:

Liquor Duties

Motor Spirit Duties

Tobacco Duties

Licences & Internal Revenue: Liquor Licences

Motor Spirit Licences

Opium Monopoly

Tobacco Licences

Fines & Forfeitures: Forfeitures

2,137,041.63 2,048,011.21 1,863,914.06 1,806,645.23 2,261,915.142,166,854.58 705,549.69 705,544.19 663,771.82

663,248.27

697,766.10 695,298.75

3,205,522.40 2,953,833.83 2,812,244.06 2,703,865.54 |4,428,459.30 | 4,066,518.73

191,522.44 191,522.44

183,650.00

183,650.00

176,009.17

176,009.17

3,605.00

3,605.00

3,650.00

3,650.00

361,713,55

72,138.50

352,713.55

435,733.81

*432,026.11

72,138.50

78,293.00

73,293.00

531.78

31.78

23.15

23.15

Fees of Court or Office:-

―

Official Signatures Fees

11,605.00 11,605.00 6,498.00

6,498.00 14,432.00

14,432.00

Miscellaneous Receipts:-

Other Miscellanous Receipts

3,470.85

3,470.85

4,201.36

4,198.86

4,831.40

4,831.40

Total

6,993,518.88 6,643,843.58 5,972,268.135,796,594.78 8,096,113.07 17,632,936.89

* Less Opium expenses shown in Table 1-$83,905,48-Net $348,120.63.

}

E 14

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE & REVENUE

FOR LAST THREE YEARS.

Personal (1)

Special

Total

Total

Emoluments

Year.

and Other

Expenditure. Expenditure. Revenue

Charges.

1934 1935

361,089.07

3,015.88

364,104.95 6,643.843.58

325,530.35

325,530,35 5,796,594.73

1936

284,609.81

428,609.81 7,632,936.89

(1) includes Officers of Cadet Service, S.C. & A. Staff and Junior

Clerical Service attached to Department.

Table IV.

RETURN OF LIQUOR DUTY COLLECTED DURING THE YEAr 1936. European Type Liquor.

Class of Liquor.

Gallons.

Amount of Duty collected.

$

Ale, Beer, Cider and Stout,

321,241

Beer (Local),

96,344

Brandy,

11,636

253,981.63

72,284.64 106,687.03

(Empire),

2,106

9,719.23

Whisky,

29,601

275,825.44

Gin and Cocktail,

16,784

156,637.52

Rum,

2,424

22,357.01

Champagne and Sparkling Wine,

2,405

31,058.21

Claret,

2,380

11,394.35

Port Wine,

5,747

32,629.55

Sherry, Madeira and Malaga,

4,243

24,449.77

Vermouth,

3,114

14,351.80

:

Liqueur,

1,990

25,708.69

Spirits of Wine,

23,061

131,708.88

Spirituous Liquor,

10,817

28,473.45

Miscellanous,

4,938

23,259.87

Difference on over-proof,

fractions and arrears of duty...

7,968.22

Total

538,831

1,228,495.29

Note: Fractions of a gallon are not shown in this Table.

:

E 15

Table V.

RETURN OF LIQUOR DUTY COLLECTED DURING THE YEAR 1936.

Chinese and Japanese Liquor.

Liquor Amount of Imported Amount of Amount of

distilled locally.

duty collected.

Gallons.

Liquor.

duty collected.

Gallons.

Total

duty collected.

Native Spirits not

more than 25%

of alcohol by

weight

555,901831,253.12

30,157

51,280.92 882,534.04

Native Spirits over

25% of alcohol

by weight

20,680 37,610.17 12,255

Northern Spirits

109,626.33 147,236.50

over 25% of

alcohol

by

weight

33,133

Japanese Sake

3,757 5,649.31 5,649.31

Total

1,035,419.85

NOTE:-Fractions of a gallon are not shown in this Table.

Table VI.

SUMMARY OF REVENUE COLLECTED FROM LIQUOR DURING

THE YEAR 1936.

$

Duties on European Type Liquor

1,068,312.96

Duties on Spirituous Liquor

160,182.33

Duties on Chinese and Japanese Liquor

1,035,419.85

Brewery Licence Fees

400.00

Liquor Dealer's Licence Fees

31,000.00

Distillery Licence Fees

575.00

Chinese Spirits Shop Licence Fees

141,454.17

Chinese Liquor Importer's Licence Fees, Alteration Fees

2,500.00

80.00

Total

$2,439,924.31

Refund of Liquor Duties

Net Total

97,060.56

$2,342,863.75

E 16

Table VII.

RETURN OF DUTY PAID ON TOBACCO FOR THE YEAR 1936.

Class of Tobacco.

lbs.

Duty

$

Cigars

8,847

21.702.20

Cigarettes

277,845

489,007.20

European Tobacco

16,177

27,500.90

Chinese Prepared Tobacco

20,567

27,971.12

Clean Tobacco Leaf

23,516

29,395.00

Raw Tobacco Leaf

3,757,715

3,832,879.10

Snufi

3

3.78

Total

$4,428,459.30

(1) Duty paid on Tobacco for the year

Miscellaneous fees

$4,428,459.30.

412.20

(2) Licence fccs.

Retailer's

Squatter's

Importer's

Manufacturer's

Licensed Warehouse

Gross Revenue

$4,428,871.50

Less Draw backs

361,940.57

Net Revenue

$4,066,930.93

$59,616.00

4,496.00

5,600.00

2,300.00

1,000.00

$73,012.00

NOTE:-Fractions of a pound are not shown in this table. ·

E 17

Table VIII.

MOTOR SPIRIT DUTIES 1936.

Motor Spirit Duties

Licensed Warehouse Licence Fees Importer's Licence (General) Fees

Importer's Licence (Special) Fees Retailer's Licence Fees

Alteration Fees

MOTOR SPIRIT.

LICENCES ISSUED DURING THE YEAR 1936.

Licensed Warehouse Licences

Importer's Licences (General)

Importer's Licences (Special) Retailer's Licences

$ 695,298.75

1,500.00

1,500.00

300.00

345.00

5.00

$698,948.75

Table IX.

TOTAL AMOUNT OF PREPARED OPIUM SOLD

DURING THE YEAR 1936.

Kamshan Bengal Opium

Singapore Opium

Total

6

15

3

69

4,824.00 taels 10,672,46

15,496.46 taels

Table X.

STATEMENT OF OPIUM TRANSHIPPED DURING THE YEAR 1936.

Turkish Iranian Total

Chests. Chests. Chests.

From Istanbul via Port Said

1

1

From Bushire via Bombay

500

500

Total

1

500

501

To Saigon

1

To Macao

500

500

Total

1

500

501

- E 18

Table XA.

STATEMENT OF OPIUM IN TRANSIT DURING THE YEAR 1936.

Turkish Iranian Total

Chests. Chests.

Chests.

From Istanbul via Port Said

652

652

From Hamburg

50

50

Total

652

50

702.

To Yokohama

.152

152

To Dairen via Kobe

500

500

To Keelung

50

50

Total

652

50

70

Table XI.

CONTRABAND SEIZED BY REVENUE OFFICERS IN HONG KONG AND

KOWLOON, 1936.

(1) Opium.

Prepared

Raw

Opium dross

(2) Arms.

Revolvers

Ammunition

(3) Tobacco.

Cigars Cigarettes

Chinese Tobacco

(4) Liquor.

Chinese Spirit

Elicit Stills

Old Wine Labels

(5) Dangerous Drugs.

Heroin

Morphine

Heroin Pills

. (6) Miscellaneous.

Counterfeit Coins

False Bank Notes

""

Small Craft confiscated

Seizures.

18,477 t'aels.

236

53,6221

235

174 ""

1

70

1

580

3

11,794

11

8,002 lbs.

271

3,641 gallons

149

41

39

35

1

726 ounces

5

1

་ ་

239

241/ .3,238,375 pills

10,307 (10₫ piece) 14

3,119 ( 5¢

2

1 ($500 note) 1

4 ($5.

14

) 1

14

E 19

Table XIA.

ANNUAL REPORT OF CONTRABAND SEIZED BY REVENUE OFFICERS IN NEW TERRITORIES-1936.

1. Opium.

Prepared Raw

2. Arms.

Revolvers Ammunition

3. Tobacco.

Seizures.

33.3 taels. 357.1

27

37

200

2

1

Cigars

45 pieces

1

Cigarettes

Tobacco Leaf

1,740

2

Chinese Tobacco

878.7 lbs. 26 lbs.

80

1

4. Liquor.

Chinese Spirit

233.3 gallons

56

5. Dangerous Drugs.

Heroin Pills

3,611

9

6. Miscellaneous.

Lottery Tickets

Illicit Stills

26,651

7

58

56

Table XIB.

CONTRABAND SEIZED BY THE POLICE.

Chinese Tobacco

Cigarettes

Cigars

Chinese Spirits

European Wine

1,779.51 pounds

5,312

138

429.09 gallons

8.00

19

Raw Opium (Chinese and Iranian). Prepared Opium (2nd and 3rd grade)

14,750.50 taels

1,374.00

27

E 20

Table XII.

PROSECUTONS BY IMPORTS AND EXPORTS DEPARTMENT IN

HONG KONG & KOWLOON, 1936.

Arrests. Convictions. Bail Estreated.

(1) Opium.

Possession

386

339

15

Boiling

15

12

Importing

1

Exporting

4

2

(2) Arms.

Illegal Possession

1

1

(3) Tobacco.

Possession Cigars

3

Possession Cigarettes.

11

N ∞

Possession Chinese

Tobacco

232

210

12

Unlicensed Selling

1

1

Importing

1

1

(4) Liquor.

Possession Chinese

Spirit

126

Distilling

22828

Destruction of

Evidence

Unlicensed Selling

Possession old Wine

106

23

.7

5

1

1

6

4

10-

Label

(5) Dangerous Drugs.

Heroin

18

9

Morphine

1

1

Heroin Pills

330

231

(6) Miscellaneous.

Unmanifested Cargo...

9

4

Counterfeit Coin

14

14

False Notes

1

1

Total

1.197

973

40

E 21

Table XIIA.

ANNUAL REPORT OF PROSECUTIONS BY IMPORTS AND EXPORTS

DEPARTMENT IN NEW TERRITORIES.

1936.

Arrests. Convictions. Bail Estreated.

1. Opium.

Possession

60

60

Dealing

2

2

Divans

25

25

2. Arms.

Illegal Possession

ส

2

3. Tobacco.

Possession Chinese

Tobacco

78

77

Unlicensed Selling

1

=-

1

4. Liquor.

Chinese Spirit

45

40

Illegal Distilling

4

4

Possession Illicit Stills

and Fermenting

Materials

33

28

Unlicensed Selling

1

1.

5. Dangerous Drugs.

Heroin Pills

9

9

6. Miscellaneous.

Lottery Tickets ........

17

7

Attempted Armed

Robbery

3

3

Burglary & Returning

from Banishment.

3

Disorderly Conduct

5

5

Larceny

1

Total

279

267

2

!

*

E 22

Table XIII.

Fines and Forfeitures collected by the Courts under Opium, Liquor and Tobacco Ordinances..

Hong Kong Magistracy Kowloon

District Office, North-

District Office, South

$ 16,319.11 10,485.03

815.00

632.21

$ 28,251.35

For Opium

REWARDS PAID.

For Drugs, Liquor & Tobacco &c.

$ 43,652.00 20,736.45

$ 64,388.45

Table XIV.

ANNUAL RETURN OF OPIUM & DANGEROUS DRUG SEIZURES

FOR THE YEAR 1936.

No. of Cases. Quantity in Taels.

Raw Opium:-

Chinese

279

9,662

Iranian

175

58,711

Total

454

68,373

Prepared Opium:---

Red Lion

38

15,386

Wuchow

7

41

Canton

13

148

Kwong Chow Wan

14....

3,371

Doubtful .....

454

905

Total

526

19,851

Opium Dross

11.

192 taels.

Opium Water

28

31 gallons.

Dangerous Drugs:-

Diacetylmorphine Pills

506

3,606,707 pills.

Diacetylmorphine Hydro-

chloride

20

7712 ounces.,

Diacetylmorphine Admix-

ture

26 pounds.

Cocaine

2

3 ounces.

Morphine

1

1 ounce.

Table XV.

ANNUAL RETURN OF MAJOR SEIZURES OF OPIUM FOR THE YEAR 1936.

E 23 -

Place of Seizure.

Kind of Opium.

Taels.

Destination indicated by Circumstances

of Seizure.

Yaumati Typhoon Shelter Cave near sea-shore, Victoria Road Boat 2057A, Aberdeen Harbour Cargo Boat 1424V off Douglas Wharf Cave near sea-shore, Victoria Road Connaught Road Central

20 Arbuthnot Road, ground floor Sampan at Lan Tau Island

92 Wing Lok Street, 1st floor

S.S. Benrinnes

Sampan 1863A, Shaukiwan Bay

Ma On Island, Capsuimun

Wing Lok Wharf

Sea-bed, Cheung Sha Wan Junk in Victoria Harbour

Sea-bed near Jordan Road Ferry Wharf

S.S. Yuen Sang

S.S. Yuen Sang

Sea-bed, Junk Bay

S.S. Hozan Maru, Victoria Harbour

S.S. Hai Tan, Victoria Harbour

S.S. Marosa, Victoria Harbour

5 D'Aguilar Street, 1st floor 18 Tung Loi Lane, 3rd floor

Boat D3450, in Aberdeen Harbour Junk 4303Ha in Aberdeen Harbour Sea-bed, Victoria Harbour

Red Lion, Prepared

Iranian, Raw

1,716

For export.

do.

1,632

For export.

do.

564

For export.

do.

8,640

Amoy.

Kwong Chow Wan, Prepared..

555

For export.

Red Lion, Prepared

840

For export.

Iranian, Raw

960

Hong Kong.

do.

1,080

For export.

560

do.

do.

1,355

Singapore.

Straits Settlements.

Iranian, Raw

2,160

Hong Kong.

do.

624

Hong Kong.

Red Lion, Prepared

900

Hong Kong.

Chinese, Raw

900

Hong Kong.

Iranian, Raw

11,508

Singapore or Java.

Chinese, Raw

900

Hong Kong.

Iranian, Raw

960

Red Lion, Prepared

2,380

Singapore.

Singapore.

Iranian, Raw

4,800

Hong Kong.

do.

5,760

Straits or Java.

do.

9,600

Straits or Java.

Kwong Chow Wan and

Red Lion Prepared

2,140

Straits or Java.

Iranian, Raw

2,194

Straits or Java.

Kwong Chow Wan Prepared

827

Hong Kong.

Red Lion, Prepared

545

For export.

do.

do.

3,350

For export.

do.

do.

1,000

Singapore.

E 24

Table XVI.

IMPORTATION OF DANGEROUS DRUGS DURING THE YEAR 1936.

Kilos.

1.51

Ethylmorphine Hydrochloride, in preparations containing. 0.666

Codeine as Alkaloid

Medicinal Opium

Medicinal Opium, in preparations containing

1.367

11.243

Morphine as alkaloid, salts and preparations containing Cocaine as alkaloid and salts

...

1.249 0.82

Table XVII.

LICENCES ISSUED DURING THE YEAR 1956.

Brewery Licence

Dealer's Licence

Liquor.

Licensed Warehouse Licence

Chinese Liquor Ship Licence (excluding New Territory)...

Chinese Liquor Importer's Licence

Restricted Grocer's Licence

Distillery Licence:-

(a) Hong Kong and Aplichau

(b) Kowloon, South of Kowloon Hills

(c) New Territories, North.

(d) New Territories, South

1

31

1

223

25

25

16

Tobacco.

Importer's Licence

54.

Retailer's Licence:

(a) $30.00

1,219

() $20.00

1.034

(c) $ 5.00

435

(1) Nominal Fee $1.00

18

2,706

!

Squatter's Licence $8.00

423

Delivery Coolies Licence $8.00

139

562

Licensed Warehouse Licence

4

Manufacturer's Licence

16

;' ,

•

E 25

Table XVIII.

COMPARATIVE TABLE OF NUMBERS OF DECLARATIONS RECEIVED AND ITEMS ENTERED THEREFROM IN 1935 AND 1936.

Declarations.

Items.

1935.

1936.

1935.

1936.

January

47,811

38,760

96.394

85,819

February

37,929

42,878

78,976

93,379

March

52,200

49,763

105,974

106.732

April

49,693

46,375

101,741

97,836

May June

51,761

47,663

102,326

102,088

44,141

47,760

89,118

100,375

July

47,183

.46,496

94,513

95,677

August

47,298

45,358

96,534

96,998

September

46,035

50,771

94,297

110,604

October

50,358

52,414

105,141

117,318

November

44.682

53,184

97,970

120,912

December

47,426

53,219 102.288

118,062

Total

566,517

574,641 1,165,272 1,245,800

Average

47,210

47,887

97,106 103,817

Table XIX.

NUMBER OF MANIFESTS RECEIVED DURING 1936.

Ocean.

River.

Junk.

Total.

January

1,009

882

1,171

3,062

February

986

883

1,145

3,014

March

1,052

..939

1.205

3,196

April

1,088

951

1,139

3,178

May June

1,090

1,015

1.223

3,328

1,000

926

1,377

3,303

July

1,012

966

1,190

3,168

August

· 918

845

813

2,576

September

974

887

1,104

2,965

October

1,042

931

1,212

3.185

November

1,029

859

1,014

2,902

December

1,041

890

1,110

3,041

Total

12,241

10,974

13,703

36,918

Average

1,020

915

1,142

3,077

- E 26

Table XX.

COMPARATIVE TABLE OF NUMBER OF MANIFESTS RECEIVED

IN 1935 AND 1936.

Inward.

Outward.

1935.

1936.

1935.

1936.

Ocean

6,564

5,974

6,759

6,267

River

5,631

5,454

6,133

5,520

Junk

8,301

6,774

8,330

6,929

Total

20,496

18,202

21,222

18,716

1935.

1936.

Grand Total

41,718

36,918

Average per month .......

3,476

3,077

Appendix F.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE ROYAL OBSERVATORY, HONG KONG,

FOR THE YEAR 1936.

I-GROUNDS, BUILDINGS AND INSTRUMENTS.

The Peak station was re-established during the year, con- tinuous records of wind direction and force, also of pressure and temperature having been maintained since August 1st.

II METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS.

2. Automatic records of the temperature of the air and evaporation were obtained with the resistance thermometers and thread recorder. Direction and velocity of the wind were recorded with Beckley and Dines-Baxendall anemographs, rain- fall by a Casella pluviograph, sunshine by a Campbell-Stokes universal recorder and barometric pressure by a Marvin baro- graph. Eye observations of barometric pressure, temperature and cloud were made hourly, and of the direction of cloud motion. every three hours. Observations of pilot balloons were made with a Watts 11 inch prismatic theodolite at 9 a.m. and 3 p.m. when conditions were favourable.

3. The principal features of the weather in 1936 were:

4.

(a)

an excess of sunshine, the total recorded duration being 2,060 hours, 93 hours above the normal. The weather of October and November was exceptionally fine, accounting for 481 hours of the total.

(b) the typhoon of August 16th-17th; this was the first typhoon seriously affecting the Colony since August 1931. The typhoon passed close to the south of Gap Rock and to the west of Macao. A maximum gust at the rate of 132 miles per hour was recorded and much damage was done, both ashore and afloat.

The tracks of 23 typhoons which occurred in the Far East in 1936 are given in a plate which will be included with the Meteorological Results for 1936, now in the press. The following table gives a summary of the meteorological data published monthly in the Government Gazette during the

year:

F 2

1936

Temperature.

Humidity.

Wind.

Month.

Cloud- Sun-

iness.

Rain.

shine.

Absolute

- Max.

Mean

Max.

Mean.

Mean Absolute

Min.

Min.

Rel. Abs.

Direction. Velocity.

%

ins.

%

de

hrs.

ins.

m.p.h.

January

69.1

63.2 57.7

53.7

44.7

75

0.36

63

177.6

0.580 E by N

11.0

February

76.0 64.1

59.3

55.9

45.9

85

0.44

92

48.6

3.345 E by N

14.0

March

.79.9 61.5

57.0

53.8

43.2

81

0.39

85.

April

85.7 76.5

70.9

66.9

58.0

87.

0.67

86 / 65.4

0,465. E by N.

15.8.

98.5

4.600 E

10:6

May

87.9 81.5

76.7

73.5

68.0

88

0.80 79

143.2

10.160

E

10.3

June

92.4

87.5

82.6

79.4

75.6

84

0.93

71

198.1

5.700

SE

9.8

July

91.7

88.6

83.2

79.3

76.4

83

0.94

68

247.75. 8.810

SE

94

August

91.5 87.8

82.3

78.1

74.0,

83

0.91

68

219.2 21.305

ESE

10.9

September

90.1 86.3.

81.0

76.9

·70.0

76

0.81

58

224.3 12.380 E

11.2

October

87.9

82.6.

76.0 71.0

65.0

63

0.55

33

253.4 1.885 ENE

11.3

November

December

81.0176.8

70.5

66.1

60.1

73.

0.55

39

228.0

0.165 E by N

12.1

64.9

60.7

52.9

75

0.47

64

156.3 0.375

ENE

10.6

Mean, Total or Extreme

92.4

77.2

71.8

67.9

43.2

·79-

0.65

67 2060.3 69.770

E

11.4

-F 3

5. In the following table the monthly rainfall at the Observatory is compared with other records in the Colony.

Matilda

Obser-

Police

Botanical

Hospital

Gardens

Month.

vatory Station

(Mount

(Kowloon). (Taipo).

(Hong

Kellet,

Fanling.

Kong).

(Hong

Kong).

inches. inches.

inches.

inches.

inches.

January

0.580

0.61

0.70

0-54

0.67

February

3.345

4.04

3.50

3.76

2.32

March

0.465

0.60

0.56

0.61

0.61

April

4.600-

4.39

5.09

4.52

3.69

May

10.160

11.82

11.02

9.43

10.75

June

5-700

7.08

5.72

7.00

6.04

July

8-810

10-21

10.85

9.02

13.73

August

21.305

23.78

20-99

18.27

24-27

September

12.380

22.33

13.24

10.23

24.03

October

1-885

2.17

1.00

0.91

0.76

....November

0:165

0.22

0.32

0.23

0-05

December

0.375

1.60

0.75

0.56

1.27

.

Year 1936

69.770

88-85

73.74

65-08

88-19

III.

PUBLICATIONS.

1936:

6. The following publications have been made during

Magnetic Results, 1935.

Meteorological Results, 1935.

The following are in the press:

Magnetic Results, 1986.

Meteorological Results, 1936.

A monthly abstract of meteorological observations is publish- ed in the Government Gazette and copies are supplied to any firm or individual requiring them, and a monthly seismological bulletin is issued and distributed to other observatories.

7. A weather map of the Far East for 6 a.m. of 120th meridian time is constructed daily and forecasts are issued for the following districts:-

A. Shanghai to Turnabout.

D. Hong Kong to Hainan.

Northern China Sea.

B. Turnabout to Hong Kong. E. C. Hong Kong and neighbourhood.

The map, weather report and forecast are exhibited at the Hong Kong and Kowloon Ferry piers, the Harbour Office, Tele- graph Offices and General Post Office. The weather map may be purchased by the public at a subscription rate of 15 dollars per annum. There were 30 subscribers in 1936.

A weather map

for 2 p.m. is also prepared but is not published. Morning and afternoon weather reports and forecasts, together with observa- tions made at 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., are published in the local press.

, יי

.

F4

IV.-WEATHER TELEGRAMS, FORECASTS AND STORM WARNINGS.

8. The Telegraph Companies continue to transmit twice daily, free of charge, meteorological observations from Vladi- vostock, Japan, Shanghai, Formosa, Indo China and the Philippines. Meteorological broadcasts by radio and the direct radio services of Sicawei and Pratas Island are extremely valuable. Extra observations at half cable rate are also obtainable from a number of stations.. by courtesy of the Telegraph Companies.

9. Weather Telegrams from ships by Radio:-The following table gives the monthly number of ships from which radio meteorological messages have been received and the number of messages received (each arrival and departure is counted separately.)...

Month.

No. of ships.

No. of messages.

No. of

messages.

ships.

No. of

No. of ships.

British (including H.M. Ships).

H.M. Ships

in Port...

Other National-

ities...

Total.

No. of messages.

No. of ships.

No. of messages.

January

179

265

9 135

74

1,20

262

520

February

139

221

9

107

1.72

March

125 194

10

126

April

133 208

8 117: 65

May

June

123

174

101 154 10 136 73

#9

11 112

July

162

309

11

175

August

199

323

10

162

September

199 332

77 171

2 86 87 8 * £

1:28

220

456

99

156

234.

476

95 206

: 420.

58

78

192

364

104

184

394

98

161 271 645

83.

133

292

618

October

197 329

14 168

November

174 270

→

December

165 270

7

888

84. 135 290€ 638

113 172· 324 669

86 107 175 290 531

80 75 111 247 461

Totals

1936

1935...

1934

1896 3049 115 1575 1001 1568

3012 6192.

1795 2864 128 1612 935 1519

2858 5995-

1933

1851 3117 ..129 1652 892 1551

1341- 2247 159 1826 688

2872 ·6320.

1193 2188 5266

F 5

10. Weather forecasts, storm warnings and time signals are distributed by radio telegraphy as detailed in the Notice to Mariners issued by this Department. Storm warnings to Hong Kong and vicinity are also given by means of the Local and Non-local Signal Codes. A telegraphic adaption of the Non-local Code is used for issuing warnings by cable to places outside the Colony.

11. Local signals, day and night, have been hoisted during the past 5 years according to the following table.

Warning Signal.

Signals 2-9.

Year.

Number of

times.

Number of hours 'displayed.

Number of

times.

Number of hours displayed.

Signal No. 10 Bombs.

Number of times

fired.

1932

8

101

5

104

1933

5

62

6

75

1934

177

1

30

1935

86

1936

93

10

28

60

:

77

1

V.-METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FROM SHIPS,

TREATY PORTS, ETC.

:

12. In addition to meteorological registers kept at about 40 stations in China, meteorological logs were received from 131 ships operating in the Far East. These logs, representing 8662 days observations have been used for amplifying the weather maps and verifying typhoon tracks. The corresponding figures for 1935 were 129 and 7,719...

VI. MAGNETIC OBSERVATIONS,

13. The Magnetic Station at Au Tau has been kept in action throughout the year, and the results of the observations are now in the press.

F. 6-

VII. TIME SERVICE.

14. Clocks Cottingham and Mercer 507 (Sidereal) and Leroy 1350 were in use throughout the year. The necessary

astronomical observations for the determination of the error of the former were obtained each evening (weather permitting) by the local staff. Observations of the radio time signals emitted by Nauen and Annapolis have been made daily whenever possible during the year and utilised for clock regulation.

.

15. Time Signals were given throughout the year by radio from 9.55 a.m. to 10 a.m. each morning and 8.55 p.m. to 9 p.m. each evening. Dots of about 0.1 second duration were transmitted at each second except for periods marking the minutes and half minutes. The evening programme was duplicated by three white lights (vertical) on the radio mast, the lights being extinguished each second in accordance with the radio programme.

Hourly signals were sent to the General Post Office, Radio Studio, Railway, the associated Telegraph Companies and the Telephone Company.

The errors of the time signals have been published monthly in the Government Gazette.

IX.-MISCELLANEOUS.

16. Aviation Service. To meet the requirements of Aviation a synoptic chart of the Far East on which is also displayed all available information concerning upper winds, is supplied to Kai Tack Aerodrome daily. An hourly weather report is broadcast daily at varying hours, and is communicated directly to the Imperial Airways plane during the weekly flight from Tourane to Hong Kong. A route forecast is also furnished to the pilot previously to his return flight to Tourane.

17. Seismographs.-The seismographs have been kept in good order throughout the year. 342 earthquakes were recorded, compared with 475 in 1935. The seismograms have been for- warded to the International Seismological Committee, Oxford.

18. Upper Air Research-Observations of 479 pilot ballons were make during the year Details of the flights will be included in Meteorological Results for 1936.

19. Lithography.-Lithographic work for other departments was undertaken as follows:

Electrical Dept. Colonial Secretariat

H.K. Travel Association Medical Dept.

Railway Dept.

Public Works Dept.

Radio Forms

Map of Hong Kong Transportation Map Shing Mun Map Transportation Map Map of Hong Kong

2,000

1,000

10,500

600

400

120

.

F

20. In accordance with the decision to increase the staff, Mr. Leonard Starbuck, B.Sc. (Lond.) A. Inst. P., was appointed Professional Assistant, and arrived in the Colony on 1st April. Mr. G. S. P. Heywood departed on leave on 1st May,, and returned on 16th January, 1937.

►

21. Expenditure. The annual expenditure on the Observa- tory for the past 10 years has been as follows:

Year

Personal Emoluments

& Other Charges.

Special

Total

Total

Expenditure Expenditure Revenue

1927

47.253.17

145.24 47,398.41

30.50

1928

47.292.33

272.70

47,565.03

506.10

1929*

48.282.63

48,282.63

530.50

1930

68.696.59 1,670.07

70,366:66

506:80

1931 76,037.81

76,037.81

735.00

1932 69,518.23

69,518.23

598.00

1933

63,165.42

63,165.42 600.00

1934

59,327.62

1,259.57

60,587.19

529.00

1935. 56,333.76.

.56,333.76

488.00.

1936

71.416.17

71416:17612.40

22. In the following table the expenditure and revenue for

1935 is compared with that for 1936.

-F 8-

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE, 1935 AND 1936.

1935

$

1936

$

Personal Emoluments

50,988.12

65,159.61

Other Charges.

Electric Light and Power

862.11

1,013.66

Gas

64.56

125.04

Incidental Expenses

244.97

94.42

î

Maintenance of Instruments and Plant...

1,511.72

2,293.37

Postage

.117.27

123.45

Printing

2,259.68

2,242.00

Subscription to International, Meteoro-

logical Organisation

50.79

77.42

Transport

121.01

135.72

Uniforms

113.53

151.48

-}

Total, Other Charges.

Total, Royal Observatory

5,345.64

6,256.56

56,333.76

71,416.17

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE, 1935 AND 1936:⠀⠀

1935

:

Fees of Court or Office, Sale of

Publications

488.00

1936

612.40

23. Acknowledgments are here made to the Directors of the Weather Services of the Far East, the Chinese Maritime Customs, and the Commanders of all ships for the observations forwarded during the year, to the Telegraph Companies for con- tinuing to forward observations free or at reduced rates, to all institutions and individuals who have contributed to the Library and to the Observatory Staff for the efficient performance of their duties. Special acknowledgments are due to the staffs at Pratas Islands, and the Gap Rock and Waglan lighthouses for co- operation during the approach of typhoons, and for assistance to the aviation service.

C. W. JEFFRIES,

Director.

Royal Observatory,

20th February, 1937,

Appendix G.

REPORT OF THE REGISTRAR OF THE SUPREME COURT, OFFICIAL TRUSTEE, OFFICIAL ADMINISTRATOR AND REGISTRAR OF COMPANIES FOR THE YEAR 1936.

SUPREME COURT.

ORIGINAL JURISDICTION,

236 civil actions were instituted as against 353 in 1935.

The monetary claims amounted to $3,115,962.95 as against $2,530,454.40 in 1935.

The fees collected aimounted to $15,789.25 as against $19,627.25 in 1935.

SUPREME Court.

SUMMARY JURISDICTION.

1,753 actions were instituted as against 2,126 in 1935.

The monetary claims amounted to $160,174.71 as against $803,259.81 in 1935.

1,923 Distraints for Rent were issued representing unpaid rents amounting to $325,095.64 as against 2,359 and $422,557.18 respectively in 1935.

The fees collected amounted to $25,390.25 as against $31,382.50 in 1935.

out.

SUITORS' FUNDS.

$340,268.53 was paid into Court and $328,844.29 was paid

CRIMINAL JURISDICTION.

263 persons were committed for trial at the Criminal Sessions of whom 196 were convicted.

(a) Criminal.

APPELLATE JURISDICTION.

There were three appeals against conviction on indictment and 9 appeals against conviction by magistrates.

(b) Civil.

There were 6 appeals.

G 2

ADMIRALTY JURISDICTION.

Only 1 action was instituted.

The fees collected amounted to $259.50 as against $1,336.50 in 1935.

PROBATE JURISDICTION.

387 grants (195 Probates and 192 Letters of Administration) were made by the Court.

69 grants by other British Courts were sealed, making a total of 456 grants compared with 426 in 1935.

Of the above number of Letters of Administration 4 grants were made to the Official Administrator, whose commission amounted to $1,049.78 as against $1,207.70 last year.

Court fees in respect of all grants amounted to $28,186.90 as against $26,828.40 last year.

DIVORCE JURISDICTION.

1 petition was filed resulting in the grant of a decree absolute.

The fees collected amounted to $194.00 as against $236.20 in 1935.

OFFICIAL TRUSTEE.

The number of trust estates in the hands of the Official Trustee at the end of the year was 17. The invested funds totalled $122,578.04 and £1,850.0.0 producing an income of $10,018.14. No new trust was opened.

The amount of commission collected was $62.10 as against $97.18 in 1935. Several are charitable trusts and therefore not. liable for commission.

COMPANIES REGISTRY.

55 new companies were registered bringing the total number of companies on the Registers of this office, at the end of the year up to 909, of which 697 were locally incorporated. The remaining 212 were incorporated outside the Colony but carry on business within the Colony.

32 companies were removed from the Register by reason of the cessation of their business.

The fees collected from the above 909 companies amounted to $16,801.50.

The fees collected for licences to companies to keep branch registers outside the Colony amounted to $2,160.60.

The fees collected from the Registrar of Companies at Shanghai in respect of "China" companies amounted to $170,966.01.

The grand total of all fees collected is $189,928.11.

BILLS OF SALE.

38 Bills of Sale were registered during the year as against 54 in 1935.

REVENUE.

(FEES, COMMISSION, ETC.)

The total fees collected during the year amounted $299,595.71 as against $359,495.09 in 1935.

PERSONNEL.

to

His Honour Mr. Justice R. E. Lindsell, Puisne Judge, acted as Chief Justice: from 1st January until 30th April, 1936, when he proceeded on leave. His Honour Mr. Justice J. J. Hayden, Acting Puisne Judge, acted as Chief Justice from 1st May until Sir A. D. A. MacGregor's return from leave on 19th June, 1936.

Mr. E. H. Williams, Assistant Attorney General was appointed a Puisne Judge from 19th May, and acted in that capacity until 19th June, 1936.

Mr. J. A. Fraser, M.C., acted as Puisne Judge from 30th September to 22nd October during the absence on casual leave of His Honour Mr. Justice J. J. Hayden.

Mr. L. R. Andrewes, Deputy Registrar and Deputy Registrar of Companies proceeded on leave on 19th March and Mr. E. Himsworth acted in his place from that date until 15th April, 1936.

Mr. J. P. Murphy acted as Deputy Registrar and Deputy Registrar of Companies from 17th April until 24th December, 1936, when Mr. L. R. Andrewes returned from leave.

L. R. ANDREWES,

Registrar, Supreme Court,

Official Trustee, Official Administrator, Registrar of Companies.

G 4

Table I.

Ten year comparative Table (1925-1936) showing the expenditure and revenue of the Supreme Court including the Companies' Registry.

Year.

Expenditure.

Revenue.

1925

$150,698.14

$121,606.20

1926

133,680.40

117,252.61

1927

141,493.29

96,254.96

1928

165,114.93

101,624.20

1929

167,632.95

102,876.25

1930

218,933.24

95,560.75

1931

240,030.30

97,773.74

1982

231,828.63

155,461.92

1933

244,996.00

170,422.62

1934

249,032.71

164,026.32

1935

192,180.67

156,291.09

1936

227,937.26

126,469.10

Note: The fees in the Revenue column do not include the fees paid direct to the Treasury by companies in respect of Licences to keep Branch Registers outside the Colony nor do they include the fees paid by the Registrar of Companies at Shanghai to the Treasury in respect of "China" companies.

Table II.

Table of fees received in the Hong Kong Companies Registry 1931-1936.

Year.

Number of local companies on the Hong Kong register.

Number of new companies

Amount of

registered each year.

fees collected.

1931

621

81

$20,233.20

1932

674

84

21,958.00

1933

722

94

25,298.20

1934

722

66

19,813.00

1935

713

59

19,273.20

1936

697

55

16,801.50

Appendix G (1).

REPORT OF THE OFFICIAL RECEIVER AND

REGISTRAR OF TRADE MARKS AND

PATENTS FOR THE YEAR 1936.

BANKRUPTCY

AND

COMPANIES WINDING-UP.

New Business.

Thirteen petitions in bankruptcy were presented during the year, twelve by creditors and one by a debtor, as against a total of fourteen petitions in the previous year.

Of

2. In companies winding-up three petitions were filed. these one was dismissed, and in the remaining two cases com- pulsory winding-up orders were made.

In the previous year eight petitions were filed, of which one was dismissed, one lapsed owing to failure to comply with statutory requirements, and in the remaining five cases com- pulsory orders were made.

3. The total assets brought to credit during the year under review amounted to $682,737.70. The total amount of assets paid out amounted to $548,354.22. These figures which include both bankruptcies and companies liquidations, show a very sub- stantial increase on comparison with the figures for the year 1935. The liabilities as estimated by debtors in cases where the petitions were presented during the year 1936, amounted to $1,588,587.96. A table of comparison appears overleaf.

4. One salaried employee filed a petition in bankruptcy during the year as compared with four in the year 1935. Other failures for the year under review included a Chinese medicine firm, a rice firm, an imports and exports firm, a silk store, a native bank, a pawnshop; an engineering firm, a printing firm, a former bank compradore, and three employees.

:

G (1) 2 -

Fées.

5. The sums received for the Official Receiver's commission, and for possession fees amounted to $46,915.32, showing an increase of $15,451.10 over the previous year, notwithstanding that fewer petitions in bankruptcy and companies winding-up were filed. The substantial increase in fees is mainly accounted for by the fact that the Official Receiver acted as provisional liquidator in the case of the Bank of Canton Limited in Hong Kong, Shanghai and Hankow. On the re-organisation of the Bank of Canton Limited the cash and other assets under the control of the Official Receiver amounting to a total of $6,729,224.86 were handed back to the Bank. The assets of the estates in which dividends were distributed in 1936, were greater than the assets distributed in 1935.

Discharges.

6. Six discharges were granted during the year, three- absolute, one subject to suspension for three months, and two subject to consent to judgment for $1,000.00. No applications for discharge were refused.

General.

7. During the year under review dividends were paid in twenty-seven cases, at the end of the year steps had already been taken towards the payment of dividends in three further cases. In only one of these thirty cases was the petition filed in the year 1936. In addition there were forty-three applications by the Official Receiver for his release from trusteeship, and sixty-six applications for destruction of books no longer required. During the year the arrears of undistributed dividends and final applications have been brought up to date.

8. There are ten cases in bankruptcy, in which bankrupt salaried employees pay instalments and it is customary to pay dividends on account as soon as the assets are sufficient to pay ten per cent.

COMPANIES

LIQUIDATION.

BANKRUPTCY.

Year.

Petitions for

1936 ...

1935 ...

3

8

winding-up.

Winding-up

orders.

Total number of

petitions.

Creditors'

petitions.

Debtors'

petitions.

Total Number of

receiving orders.

Public examina-

tions.

Adjudications."

Compositions.

Petitions

2 13 12

1 6

5

14 7

7

11

1 6

O

2

10

5

9 0 2

2

withdrawn.

Petitions

dismissed.

Petitions

1

consolidated.

Year.

Discharges

granted.

Receiving Orders rescinded.

Adjudication Annulled.

- G (1) 3

Assets brought

to credit

Estimated Liabilities.

Fees in Stamps.

Official Receiver's

Com-

mission.

Possession Fees.

Unclaimed Balances transferred

to General Revenue.

$ C.

$

2.

C.

C. $ c.

C.

1936)

Co

1

2 682,737.70 1,588,587.96

2,864.40 45,695.32 1,220.00

3,572,60

1935

5

2

0 363,742.32 1,536,990.63 | 4,471.60 28,530.22 2,934.00|

48,885.82

REGISTRATION OF TRADE MARKS.

Revenue.

9. The revenue derived from the registration of trade marks amounted to $19,288.00.as against $17,527.00 in the previous year. This increase is accounted for by the fact that renewal of registration of a number of marks of which the registration period (14 years) expired during the year under review, was applied for. On the other hand there was a decrease in the number of applications for registration, and in the number of certificates granted.

Opposed Registration.

10. Three applications for registration were opposed during the year. In one case the application for registration was with- drawn, in another, the opposition was withdrawn, and in the third the application was treated as abandoned.

•

Year.

Total No. of applications

Total No. of

Total

registration.

for

certificates

renewals.

Total No.

No. of of assign-

ments.

Total amount of fees.

registration.

granted.

1936

319

282

312

170

$19,288.00

1935

415

335

188

161

$17,527.00

3

:

4-

·G (1). 4.

REGISTRATION OF LETTERS PATENT.

11. The revenue derived from this source amounted to $259.00 as against $183.00 during the previous year. The small increase is due to a larger amount of other fees collected, not- withstanding that fees collected for certificates granted during the year were less than 1935.

Year.

Number of Registration

patents

Other fees. Total fees.

fees.

1936

21

$170.00

$89.00

$259.00

1935

16

$180.00

$ 3.00

$183.00

TOTAL REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.

12. The following are totals of revenue and expenditure for the department for the years 1935 and 1936 respectively, (the expenditure including personal emoluments of officers in the Junior Clerical Service):-

1935

1936

Revenue.

Expenditure.

.$98,060.04

$22,117.83

.$70,034.92

$24,884.40

This shows a net profit of $45,150.52 for the year under review as against $75,942.21 for the year 1935, being a decrease of $30,791.69. The increase in net profit for the year 1935 was accounted for by the fact that a sum of $48,885.82 was trans- ferred to general revenue as unclaimed balances, whereas the revenue from the same source for the year 1936 amounted to only $3,572.60.

J. B. PRENTIS,

Official Receiver and

Registrar of Trade Marks & Patents.

Hong Kong, 21st January, 1937.

Appendix H.

REPORT OF THE HONG KONG AND KOWLOON MAGISTRACIES FOR THE YEAR 1936.

HONG KONG,

1. Mr. W. Schofield acted as First Police Magistrate and Coroner from the 1st January to the end of the year.

Mr. Q. A. A. Macfadyen acted as Second Police Magistrate and Coroner from 1st to 31st January.

Mr. S. F. Balfour acted as Second Police Magistrate and Coroner from 1st February to 6th October.

Mr. K. Keen acted as Second Police Magistrate and Coroner from 7th October to the end of the year.

The number of cases was 37,044 as compared with 34,425 in 1935.

KOWLOON.

2. Mr. E. I. Wynne-Jones acted as Police Magistrate and Coroner from the 1st January to 4th February.

Mr. Q. A. A. Macfadyen acted as Police Magistrate and Coroner from 5th February to the end of the year.

Mr. K. Keen acted as First, Clerk and Magistrate from the 1st January to 17th April.

Mr. E Hinsworth acted as First Clerk and Magistrate from 18th April to the end of the year.

The number of cases was 25,249 as compared with 22,302 in 1935.

GENERAL.

3. Table I shows the expenditure of the two Magistracies for the years 1935 and 1936, including the cost of all officers in the departments who belong to the Cadet, Senior Clerical and Accounting, and Junior Clerical services.

4. Table II shows the collections of the two Magistracies for the same year.

5. Table III shows their revenue and expenditure for the last ten years in comparative form.

- H 2

6. Table IV gives an abstract of Cases under cognizance of the Magistrates' Courts during the years 1935 and 1936 in comparative form. The number of offenders previously con- victed who were sentenced during the year is shown and the number of offenders who were placed under Police Supervision in addition to their sentences is given. Orders inade for con- fiscation of unnanifested cargo, etc. are also shown.

7. Table V is an analysis of the "convicted and sentenced' column in table IV, showing the penalties inflicted under each of the seven main heads of crime in that table. The number of offenders previously bound over whose bonds have been enforced on cominitting a breach of the conditions of the bonds is also shown.

8. Table VI is a return of boy juvenile offenders brought before the Hong Kong and Kowloon Magistrates' Courts during the years 1935 and 1936 giving their ages, the offences committed by them and the sentences imposed.

9. Table VII is a return of girl. juvenile offenders, giving information similar to that in table VI.

10. Table VIII gives the number of writs issued from the two Magistracies during the years 1935 and 1936.

11. Table IX is an abstract of all cases brought before the Hong Kong and Kowloon Magistrates' Court during the last ten years.

12. Table X shows the work done by the Magistrates sitting as Coroners.

13. The number of bonds enforced during the year is also shown in tables IV, VI, VII and IX.

14. Proceedings were taken under the Extradition Acts against eight persons for crimes committed outside the Colony. Of these five were committed to prison to await the Order of H. E. the Governor and the others were discharged.

15. Summonses under the Married Women (Desertion) Or- dinance, 1905. in Hong Kong numbered five as against four in 1935. Order was made in one of them. In Kowloon these summonses_numbered four as against five in 1935. In two of them orders were made.

16. Compared with last year, both revenue and expenditure in Hong Kong show slight increases. In Kowloon, however, expenditure shows a great increase and revenue a marked drop: the former arises from an increase in personal emoluinents.

H 3

---

17. In table IV the following subheads show increases of significance in the number of persons convicted compared with 1935 larceny in almost every form; trespass and damage on Crown Land; dangerous drug offences; tobacco and liquor offences; returning from banishment; hawkers' offences; and traffic offences of all kinds; those which show decreases are common assault; weights and measures offences (Hong Kong only); opium offences; breach of the peace; brothels and procuration; obstruction; firecracker offences; and unlicensed and unmuzzled dogs.

18. An attempt was made to collect statistics of offenders previously convicted and of those who had been bound over and had their bonds enforced. The ratio of the former to the total number of persons convicted was 1.68% in 1936 compared with 1.83% in 1935; the ratio of the convicts whose bonds were enforced to those bound over was 8.7% as against 3.39% in 1935. This increase, however, means little more than an improved collection of statistics.

19. The figures for juvenile offenders show a decrease of both boys and girls in Hong Kong, but an immense increase in boys in Kowloon, and a small increase in girls. The decrease in Hong Kong is partly due to greater strictness in observing the age limit, disregarding the mistakes and lies of the offenders and their parents as to age; the increase in Kowloon is attributed mainly to more frequent Police raids, and partly to the greater poverty of the Kowloon population. The penalty of caning evidently has not affected these figures, as only 9 were caned in Hong Kong as against 47 in Kowloon for all classes of offences.

20. Good work continued to be done by probation officers both in the courts and in the remand homes.

23rd April, 1937.

W. SCHOFIELD. First Police Magistrate.

H 4.

Table I.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1935 AND 1936.

HONG KONG.

1935.

1936.

$59,365.00

$61,152.00

Personal Emoluments

OTHER CHARGES.

Electric Fans and Light

177.00

177.00

Fees for Interpretation

86.00

112.00

Incidental Expenses

337.00

300.00

Transport

253.00

269.00

Uniform for Messengers

79.00

99.00

SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.

Law Books

51.00

Total

$60,348.00

$62,109.00

KOWLOON.

Personal Emoluments (1)

$36,801.00

$55,748.00

OTHER CHARGES.

Electric Fans and Lights

396.00

428.00

Fees for Interpretation

62.00

31.00

Incidental Expenses

448.00

447.00

Uniform for Messengers

64.00

98.00

SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.

Law Books

717.00

119.00

Total

$38.488.00

$56,871.00

(1) Includes officers of Cadet, S.C. & A., and J. C. Services,

H 5

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF COLLECTIONS 1935 AND 1936.

HONG KONG.

1935.

1936.

Fines

... $74,320.00

$72,861.00

Fees

261.00

624.00

Forfeitures

10,185.00

12,011.00

Liquor (Temporary permit)

70.00

100.00

Arms forfeitures

Poor Box

Arms Fine Fund

Revenue Reward Fund

638.00

665.00

50.00

260.00

11,076.00

16,414.00

Total

$96,600.00

$102,935.00

KOWLOON.

1935.

1936.

Fines

$43,313.00

$38,771.00

Fees

Forfeitures

Poor Box

70.00

70.00

4,980.00

4,829.00

406.00

198.00

Arms Fine Fund

916.00

502.00

Renvenue Reward Fund

3,767.00

10,465.00

Other Miscellaneous Receipts.

30.00

Total

$53,452.00

$54,865.00

H 6

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE

FOR LAST TEN YEARS.

HONG KONG.

Year.

Personal Emoluments and other charges."

Special

Total

Total

Expenditure. Expenditure. Revenue.

:

1927

41,841.00

41,841.00

185,978.00

1928

41,090.00

41,090.00

113,305.00

1929

43,508.00

43,508.00

95,333.00

1930

70,168.00

70,168.00

86,738.00

1931

70,000.00

70,000.00

136,913.00

1932

73,453.00

73,453.00 109,300.00

1933

69,259.00

115.00

1934

78,151.00

64.00

69.374.00 78,215.00 139,210.00

126,559.00

1935

60,297.00

51.00

60,348:00

84,836.00

1936

62,109.00

62,109.00

85,596.00

KOWLOON.

1927

1928

Figures not available.

1929

1930

$21,223.00

$21,223.00

$61,687.00

1931

40,698.00

40,698.00 74,027.00

:

1932

38,067.00

38,067.00 65,175.00

1933

32,405.00

32,405.00 75,592.00

1934

38,746.00

38,746.00 63,168.00

1935

1936

37,772.00 717.00

56,752.00

38,489.00

48,363.00

119.00

56,871.00

43,700.00

ABSTRACT OF CASES

Classification of Offences.

Total No. of Total No. of

charges. Defts.

Convicted and sentenced.

Ca

Dis

M.

F.

Embezzlement and fraudulent

OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS

(a)-Against their property.

1. Larceny: Simple

Stealing from the person

conversion

Robbery

Total.

M.

1935 1936 1935 1936

1935 1936 1935 1936

1935 1936 1935 1936 19

1,2631,699 1,292 1,709

244 297 250

299

211

925 1,116 10 262

19

2

935 1,135 80 213 262

88888888

105 30 28

30

61

31

61

18

25.

18

25

28

6

12

7

12

Piracy

3

Burglary and house breaking

118

116

123

129

110

Demanding with menaces

10

14

12

15

False pretences and cheating

47

73

51

80

42

Receiving and possession of stolen

goods

570

969

594

986

212

Larceny by servant

64

86

64

92

48

2. Arson

3. Malicious damage

12

27

15 30

7

4. Forgery

34

42

39 43

4

5. Other offences

60

259

61 463

47

11908 891998

2

113 120

60

1

43

1998

10

368

9

50

221 418 230 211

49

48

51

7

16

16

2

768

16

16

17

49 197

676

14

32

342

(b)Against their persons.

1. Murder

10

3

26

6

2. Manslaughter

།

2

2

3. Ill-treatment and grievous harm

26 42

28

55

12

4. Common assault

218

230

259

245 99

5. Kidnapping

9

6. Sexual offences

6

8

7. Other offences

21

19

24

com

6

33

20020

93

12

M Q

OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.

(a)-Against the Crown and Govt.

13

104

19511

9

6

*

7

15

19

15

cr

5

12

37

37

17

5

1. Passport and aliens registration

offences

87

2. Weights and measures offences

22

3. Currency offences

45

4. Sedition and intimidation

7256

81

46

46

5. Unlawful societies

6. Trespass and damage on Crown Land!

76 249

97

820,5

89

89

22

293

8288

83

62

87

1

26

5282

62

24

22

1

3

30

1.

56

143

18

58

161

a

54

7. Misconduct by Government officers...

3

3

3

8. Opium offences

9. Dangerous drug offences

10. Tobacco and Liquor offencers

11. Other offences

Carried forward

3

1,179

695 1,220 238

343 241 527 548 527 141

88 148

693 1,003

579

137

66 1,140

645

42

39

361 182 535 90

207 374 383 .109

87 85

23

49 205 124 483 507

87

256

25

53

.

19

19

85

61

2.

5,066 6,0155,295 6,190 3,597 3,851 4,295

3473,921 4,198

628

703

M.

F.

1936 1935 1936 1935 193

Table IV.

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS DURING

HONG KONG.

Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants under c

Discharged.

Committed to prison or detained pending orders of H.E. the Governor.

Bound over witho

To keep the peace and

of good behaviour.

11

152 335

2

6

2

6

a

Convicted and sentenced.

Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.

M.

F.

Total.

M.

F.

Total.

M.

F.

M.

F.

35 1936

1935

1936

1935

1995 1936

1936 1935 1936

1935 1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935 1936

1935

25 1,116

10

11

18

262

ON

19

935 1,135

2

213

262

88888

80

105

30

25

25

18

113

25

992

42

10 119

8.211

60

1

12

48

2 ❤

368

49

7

16

4

16

47

195

a

2 Q

113

120

9

9

43

60

50

221

418 230

48

51

76

16

6

16

49

197

2°880

84373B

888.8

2

1

28

888

82

106

30

28

1

11

28

8

28

888

1

10

10

249

2

12

211

11

18

∞

241

229

7

2

9

1

**

66

2

6

10

14

17

14

10

6

2

32

6

32

1

242

| | | | | |

| |

I. Į

11

12

to co

3

12

99

29829

18

93

4

} |-g°

13

104

9

1851

15

19

5

12

37

37

6

3

1

6

7

15

19

5

1 1 1

a

15

5

12

38

37

25

1

2

7

12

© N

11

G

5

11

423

2

46

191

5

10

8

17

2

3

1

3

21

18

101

97

10

1

1

83

62

87

62

21

22

26

26

28

2

56

143

2

18

58

200

1

30

24

3

3

2

24

3

3

11

1.

10

161

9

54

8

9

62

122

། ।7 │ | །

3

003 579 137

661,140

645

39

13

182

207

23

49

205 256

25

53

74

383

109

124

483

507

19

19

377

8

15

87

85

87-

85

61

2.

00 10 10 2

5

ཨྰཿབའྱ།

#ས°

47

68

25

24

626

11

41

16

4

111111

414

61

4

973,851 4,295

3473,9214,198

628

703

40

71 668

774

41

72

6

16

2

373

750

32

13

1

DURING THE YEARS 1935 AND 1936.

e peace and be

Under Police supervision.

Previously convicted.

Bonds enforced.

Order made.

behaviour.

To come up for judgment.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

3.

F.

1935

1936 1935 1936 1935 1936

1935 1936 1935 1936

1935 1936 1935 1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935 1936

2

121 126

5

1

2

15

방

10

128

15 20

98 162

1

26 114

36

90

2

ts under each Head.

over without further penalty.

11

102

1

gརྞ | |

+

12

111

10

12

1

8

∞8

66

42

15

2

32

34

13

1

10

1

H

10

3

10

сл

co

3

10

20

TO

4

2

1

2

2

8

2

32

Co

1

137 220 226

HQ

J

32

12

35

3c3

11

11

H

| | |

N

046

10

12

3

co co co

3

3

2

54

215 384

4

IA

39 126

...........

....

.........

~

ABSTRACT OF CASE:

Ca

Classification of Officences.

Total No. of Total No. of

charges.

Defts.

Convicted and sentenced.

M.

F.

Total.

M.

Brought forward

(d)Against Public Justice.

1. Escape and breach of prison

1935

1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1

5,066 6,015 5,295 6,190 3,597 3,851 324 347 3,921 4,198 628

703

1

2. Returning from banishment

415

433 416

433

365 413

14

3. Perjury

2

2

+

1

4. Bribery

18

18

18:

25

5. Other offences

52

6

52

45

379 417 14

7

7

∞ ∞

--

(e) Against the Public peace.

1. Breach of the peace

193

124

405

263

2. Unlawful possession of arms

25

16

26

14

3. Other offences

21

29

82283

89 50 17

96

57

26

10

17

10

21

(f)-gainst trade.

1. Unmanifested cargo

107

73

12

8:

12

2. Stowing away

1

12

16.

13

3. Trade Marks infringement

25

21

24

21:

326

1

1

22

248

15

5

3

7

12

16:

262

12

326

4. Employers and workmen offences

5

5

5. Food and drugs offences

3:

4

6. Other offences

12

62

13

63

9

45

5

1

21

15

1

3

3

47

11

(g)-Against Public Morals and Police.

1. Begging and touting

2. Brothels and procuration of women..

3. Lotteries and gambling

4. Offences against public health

5. Street hawkers offences

6. Obstruction

7. Offences with fire crackers

8. Drunkenness

9. Traffic offences of a technical nature.

10. Dangerous driving of vehicles 11. Vagrants

12. Unlicensed and unmuzzled dogs

13. Mui Tsai offences of a technical nature. 14. Ill-treatment of Mui Tsai 15. Other offences

787 850 789 850 12,693 14,927 12,713 14,992

3,237 3,001 3,250 3,001 2,774 2,707 115

605 371 607 371 485 332

358

655 364 659

213

246

25

31

238

277 51

307

12

355 326

355 326

73

8

273

315

346 323

1

5

380 394

991 1,024

858

928

99

61

957 989 25

29

3

662 7,733 9,459 3,012 2,858

705 41

27

703: 732 63 112 10,745 12,317 1,071 1,877

9

777

18

2,889 2,725 347

269

14

3

488 333 118 38

4

7

7

2

5

2:

5

5,597 5,871 5.595 5,869 5,142 5,520

N

5,144 5,526 445

342

76 133

77 134

74 129

23

25

25

25

25

23

1 1

74 129

3

25

23

465

267 465

267 373

210

7

❖

3

75

58: 75

5

1

59

1

53

52

380

60 53

213 81 1

53

4

14

1

4

2,226 2,120 2,212 2,135 1,689 1,563 76

97

1,765 1,660 348 394

19

Total

32,827 35,800 33,839 36,772 24,290 26,241 4,060 3,835 28,350 30,076 3,273 4,191

902

(1) Confication of unmanifested cargo.

(2) To pay cost

(3) 1

(4) 2

Table IV,-Continued.

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURT

HONG KONG.-Continued.

Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defend

Discharged.

Committed for trial at the detained pending orders

Supreme Court.

Committed to prison or

Total No. of

Defts.

Convicted and sentenced.

of H.E. the Governor.

To kee

of

M.

F.

Total.

M.

F

Total.

1.

F.

M.

F.

M.

1935 1936 1935 1936

5,295 6,190 3,597 3,851 324

1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936

347

1935 1936

1935 1936

1935 1936 1935 1936

1935 1936

1935

1936 1935

3,921 4,198 628

703. 40

71

668 774

41

72

16

2

5

373

1

1

416

433 365

413

14

2

18

25

52

45

1

சுமைம்-

379

2:

417 14

Į

N

1

14

3

22

12

8

1

4

7

61

1

10

5

405

263

89

50

7

7

26

14

17

10

29

21

1

1

8525

96

17

585

57

26

15

3

10

cr

5

3

22

7

J&8

30

18

3

12

8:

16:

13

24

21

242

12:

326

4

3

4

13

63

45

T

5

11

21

15

3

1

3

47

3 11

1

an

3

12

12

16

NON MO

12

2

6

T

2

364 659 213

246

25

31

238 277:

51

307

355

326

73

8

273

315

346 323

1

991 1,024

858

928

99

61

957 989

25

29

789

850

662

705

41

27

703 732 63

112

607

71314,992 7,733 9,459 3,012 2,858 250 3,001 2,774 2,707 115

10,745 12,317 1,071 1,877

18

2,889 2,725 347

269

371 485

4

7

2

332 5

3

488 333

118

38

pt ༠ ༠༠ སྨྱ ུ # |

28

63

335

3

6

3

28

33

72

117

776

1,848 2,652

6

361

275

118

38

2

5

1

595

1

5,869 5,142 5,520

5,144 5,526

445

342

445

342

77

134

74

129

74

129

3

3

3

25

25

25 23

25

23

T

165

267

373 210

7

3

380

213 81

53

33333

85

54

75

1

59 5

7:

53

52

60

53

14

6

15

1

712 2,135 1,689 1,563

76

하

97 1,765 1,660 348

394

19

18 367 412

=39 36,772 24,290 26,241 4,060 3,83528,350 30,076 3,273 4,191

902

9294,175 5,120

66

manifested cargo.

66

99

6

Co

111

16

| | | | |

111

111

Q

5

224

211

3

Co

2

CT CO

18

O M

55

3:

671

95'

(3) To pay wages.

(4) 2 to pay maintenance, 12 to redeem articles under Pawn Broker's Ord.

TS DURING THE YEARS 1935 AND 1936.

idants under each Head.

Bound over without further penalty.

keep the peace and be of good behaviour.

To come up for judgment.

Under Police

supervision.

Previously convicted.

Bonds enforced.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

AL.

F.

M.

F.

1936

1935 1936 1935

1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936

1935 1936 1935 1936

1935 1936 1935 1936

750

32 137 220 226

32

12

35

54

215 $34

4

39 126

| | | | |

157

49

11880

30

2

לס כא

1

1

| | |

Q

111

113

152

9

8

2

1

48

31

10

7

17

12

M

3

2

1

1

3

20

44

16

2

38

3

3

3

4

103

2

32

.......

3

1

1

1

www.

22

M.

Order made.

F.

1935 1936 1935 1936

31

12

493

521

49

40 126

2

(6) 4

(1) 99 (1) 66

(2)

(3)

(3) 2

(5) 1 to pay maintenance, 47 to redeem articles under Pawn Broker's Ord. etc. (6) Confiscation of arms.

32

3

24

21

3

957

109

174 365

298

90

24

36

54

1 1 1 1 1

(4) 16 (5) 48

118 122

Classification of Offences.

Total No. of Total No. of

charges.

Defts.

Convicted and sentenced.

ABSTRACT OF C.

C

M.

F.

Total.

M.

OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.

..........: (a)—Against their property.

1935 1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936 1935

1936

1935 1936 1

1. Larceny and attempted larceny:

Simple Larceny

834 1,499

8151,471

708 1,102

11

26

Stealing from the person

130

153

126

158

109

137

719 1,128 109

80

123

137

15

Embezzlement and fraudulent conversion

9

14

9

11

Robbery

11

29

24

47

47

6

7

3

7

2 стат

16

13

Piracy

Burglary and house breaking

60

76

Demanding with menaces

5

6

False pretences and cheating

39

68

Receiving and possession of stolen goods 250 1,122 Larceny by servant

2. Arson

*

N

62

ཙྪཡགཙྪ།

69

70

12

8

45

40

584 1,192

65

2

3. Malicious damage

4

4

4

4. Forgery

36

21

1

5. Other offences

(b)—Against their persons.

253

211

.266

209

3❁།།2

61

63

61

7

12

42

9

26

32

26

9

483

58

112

261 595

300

465

44

4

10

3

3

14

1

14

6

180

147

CC

8

188

153

61

28

..............

1. Murder

1

2. Manslaughter

3

5

4

.co

3

3. Ill-treatment and grievous harm

14

10

15

11

1

12

1

4. Common assault

146

148

192

205

39

10

90

38

29

5. Kidnapping

20

22

8

4

10

16

4

co

3

6. Sexual offences

8

7

6

7

13

34

25

35

14

7

13

21

11

7. Other offences

OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.

(c) Against the Crown and Govt.

1. Passport and aliens registration offences

2

2. Weights and measures offences

3. Sedition and intimidation

45

∞ ∞ cr

2

40

65

1000 10

2

4

2

1

8

8

8

19

4. Sedition and intimidation

1

16

19

2

19

21

7

14

5. Unlawful societies

7. Misconduct by Government officers

8. Opium offences

9. Dangerous drugs

1

4

6. Trespass and damage on Crown Land

120

61

163

83

49

a

62

65

39

11

5

3

3

3

2

3

2

3

1

649

418

698

195

568

363

47

53

642 416

42

61

95

163

93

214

69

113

9

28

78

141

14

42

10. Tobacco and Liquor offences

190

318

169 296

87 172

62

76

149

248

14

28

11. Other offences

160 250

180 281 124 173

15

51 139 224

30

36

Carried forward

3,380 4,772 3,5345,009 2,353 2,997

279

379 2,632 3,376

696

918

victed and sentenced.

H 9

Table IV,-

-Continued.

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURT DURING TH

KOWLOON.

Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants under each H

Discharged.

Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.

Committed to prison or detained pending orders of H.E. the Governor.

Bound over without fu

To keep the peace and be of good behaviour.

F.

Total.

M.

F.

Total.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

1935 1936

1935 1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1938

11

26

719 1,128

80

109

137

15

8352

123

3

16

нсо

83

15

4

13

3542

131

2

17

4

13

15

30

63

9

7

12

12

26

32

26

33

58

112

261

595

14

4

48

3

3

3

111880'

2

10

300

465

10

23

310

5200

9

9

488

7

4

10

11

1

47

Co

14 188

1

153

61

28

- 10

7

66

29

1

12

39

10

90

3

38

4

10

16

3

4

7

4

14

7

7

13

21

11

7

CA

3

3

2

1

21

2

41

31

со

3

N

11

1

4

53

106

6

21

111

2

1

T

8

19

∞

19

14

7

1

19

14

21

1

1

11

4

56

13

9

62

65

39

11

53

...........

92

11

++

4

3

2

1

363

47

53

642

416

42

61

12

113

9

28

78

141

14

42

172 62

76

149

248

14

28

173 15

51 139 224

30

36

2367

13

54

74

18

15

60

5

44

20

32

37

40

997

279

379 2,632 3,376

696

918

104

83

8001,001

48

78

1

7

62

117

12

21

* figures included in 5 other offences † figures not available.

..................

↑ DURING THE YEARS 1935 AND 1936.

! under each Head.

d over without further penalty.

Imprisoned till Court rises.

Police Supervision.

Previously convicted.

Bonds enforced.

peace and bel behaviour.

To come up for judgment.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

1935

1936 1935

1936 1935 1936 1935

1936 1935 1936

1935

1936 1935 1936

1035 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936

1935 1936

co a

194

4

18

13

14

11

6

a is

160

339

1

35

28

42

3

1

H

3

13

18

00 10

3

10

5

5

94

11

2

61

98

012000

1

5

7

1

111

21

10

22

1

3

1

2

ہے

28

11

1

....

..

10

11

6

1

00

8134

H

16

12

21

30

358

9

51

1

30

26

315

542

5

7

MAIN

53

3

1

Classification of Offences.

Total No. of Total No. of

charges. Defts.

Convicted and sentenced.

Brought forward

(d) Against Public Justice.

1. Escape and breach of prison

2. Returning from banishment 3. Perjury

4. Bribery

5. Other offences

(e) Against the Public peace.

1. Breach of the peace

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER C

Cases, how disposci

Discharged.

M.

F.

Total.

J.

F.

Total.

1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936

3,380 4,772 3,594 5,009 2,353 2,997

1935 1936 1935 1936

279 3792,632 3,376

1935 1936 1935 1936

1935 1

696 918 104

83

800 :1,0

།

1

260

317

262 317

226

293

9 231 302

11

1

14

3

14

3

9

1

1

139

146

150

146

109

111

31

19 140

1991

10

1

130

129

11

10

2. Unlawful possession of arms

3. Other offences

37

34

88888888

142 128 273 311

120

35

43

36

20

26

28

1955

45

15

24

61

10:0

135

588888

61

825

50

22

26

260

13 6

8

15

(f)-Against trade.

1. Unmanifested cargo.

2. Stowing away

15

3.. Trade Marks infringement

12

4. Employers and workmen offences

4

5. Food and drugs offences

6. Other offences

48

37

6512

29225

20228

26

25

132

.....

25

25

23

39

34

30

888888

23

38

32

888

∞ 2 2 M

......

(g)-Against Public Morals and Police.

1. Begging and touting

263

2. Brothels and procuration of women

470 275 486 182 203

28

210

226

26

21

47

3. Lotteries and gambling

441

327 445

327 423 248

13

438 319

1

3

#

3

5

184

105 621

4. Offences against public healthi

5. Street hawkers offences

6. Obstruction

7. Offences with fire crackers

8. Drunkenness

9. Traffic offences of a technical nature 10. Dangerous driving of vehicles 11. Vagrants

12. Unlicensed and unmuzzled dogs

13. Mui Tsai offences of a technical nature 14. Ill-treatment of Mui Tsai

15. Other offences

Total

4 2,548 3,127 2,506 3,096 2,207 2,901

112 134 100 135

14

448 575 387

24

32 599 419

21

23

22

565 418

570 421 411 337

22

3 433 340

120

75

1

121

6,082 7,009 6,076 7,043 3,221 3,919 1,897 4,721 3,897 4,724 4,008 3,276 2,666 1,074

428 346

2,649 5.118 6,568

509

287

345 148

854

428 346 361 289

18

9984,350 3,664 305

10 379 299

250

63 76

368

49

46

49

3

3

4

3

3

3

3

16

13 2,2232,914 278

170

278

93 126

93 127

15

13

13

379 285

339

275

240

188

41

31

281

219

51

45

43

10

11

8

3

23

31

11

86207

17

58

5

3 38

3

3

999 1,006 1,019 1,025

805 730

61

104 866

834 137 102

11

52 148

15

20,854 22,721 21,587 23,644 14,729 15,613 3,552 4,362 18,281 19,975 2,275 2,043

573

383 2,848 2,42

*

figures included in 6 other offences (1)

H 10

Table IV,-Continued.

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURT DURING THE

KOWLOON,—Continued.

Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants under each Hea

ted and sentenced.

Discharged.

Bound over without furthe

Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.

Committed to prison or detained pending orders of H.E. the Governor.

To keep the peace and be of good behaviour.

Τ

M.

F.

M.

F.

M

F.

Total.

AL.

F.

Total.

M.

F.

1935

1936 1935 1936

279

379 2,632 3,376

1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936

696 918 104 83

1935 1936 1935

1936

800 1,001

48

78

1

7

11

20

6

3

1

7

10

11

1

5

231

302

11

7

-----

1

31

19

10 140

1

130

15

4

10: C

5

135

26

28

995

50

22

26

61

26∞

13

37

14

15

Gas

6

2

7

15

N.

5 2

25

6223

419

23

38

32

WN Nσ

28

23 210 226

26

55

21

6

47

61

13

438

319

1

4

3

5

6

24

32 599

419

21

23

22

23

22

433

340

120

75

1

121

76

1,897 2,649 5.118 6,568

509

287

345

148

854

435

1,074 9984,350 3,664 305 250

63

76

368

326

18

10 379 299

49

46

www.waw.dance

3

3

11

49

16 132,2232,914 278

170

278

171

1 93 127

7

6

13

2

41

31 281

219

51

45

7

52

23

31

11

7

3

61

104 866

834 137 102

11

52 148 154

3,552 4,362 18,281 19,975 2,275 2,043

573

383 2,848 2,426 71

12

92

ces (1)

1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935

1

1

1

I

1

111

1 1 1

62

117

12

21

30

73

187

28

2

32

52

10

| | | | |

"

111

7

72

2

14

2

1

14

5

1

12

3

66

сл

5

3

3

13

1

9

154

338

64

78

119

RING THE YEARS 1935 AND 1936.

each Head.

without further penalty.

Imprisoned till Court rises.

Police Supervision.

Previously convicted.

Bonds enforced.

nd be

.r.

To come up for judgment.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

1936 1935

21

1936 1935 1936 1935

30 358

1936 1935 1936

1935 1936 1935 1936

1935

1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935

1936

9

51

1

30

26

315

542

10

5

7

1

53

T

1

323

52

10

11

| | | | ││

2

3

1

111

111

111

10

5 wor

5

1

3

3

| | 1 1 1 1

│ │ │ ││ │

1

3

4

J

170

2

3

37

3

27

2231

11

8

2

20

78

119 618

49

108

100

5

9

a

|||

111

1 1 1

168 197

1

6

| | | | | |

19

1

111 111

111

| | | | | |

83 29

11

1

10

10

88188

28

67

2

4

16

26

8

8

3

1

1

89

90

70

3853

65

1

5

30

38

708

843 163

111

111

20

29

5

157

31

11

F

!

Return of Punishments awarded at Magistracy i

Punishments.

Number of Persons Punished.

Offences against Indiv

Description.

Against their Property.

M.

F.

M.

F.

1935

En Fined

Imprisoned in default,

Imprisoned without option

5,146 4,364 1,096

1936 1935 1936

17,256 19,407 2,835 2,638

994 458 645

1935 1936 1935 1936

1935

18

32

16

25

14

42

39

1,601 2,131

34

13 371,142 1,519

16

43

Imprisoned and birched

12 36

12

36

Expelled from the Colony

Sentenced to House of Detention

Bound over to be of good behaviour

25

28

24:

228

མཚ

24

330:

685

49

140

215

582

10

Bound over and fined

42

22

4

Bound over and ordered to pay compensation

......

13

15:

...

5

108

4

1:

{

Bound over, ordered to pay compensation, and fined

2

1

Bound, over and imprisoned.

12

18

Bound over to keep peace

328 257

60

34

H

3

9

Imprisoned until: Court rises

167 209

89

161

Bound over to come up for judgment

365 298

90

24 209 201

17

11

Enforcement of bonds

40 (26)

35

(23)

Total

*

51 193

24

*

25,326 27,496 4,259 4,0332,061 3,025

Figures under "Enforcement of bonds" are excluded, as they have alread

H 11

Table V.

HONG KONG.

Return of Punishments awarded at Magistracy in respect of Certain Classes of Offences during the Years 1935 and 193

Offences against Individuals.

Offences of

Number of Persons

Punished.

Against their

Property.

Against their Persons.

Against the Crown and Government.

Against Public Justice.

A

Pi

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935 1936

1935

1936

1935 1936

1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 19

17,256 19,407 2,835 2,638

18

32

2

16

25 34

5,146 4,364 1,096

994

458

645

14

42

39

ལུཚོ

co

2 302

370

88

82 33

4

40

30

10

41,474 1,056

187 174

5

3

1

38

1,601 2,131

34

37 1,142 1,519

13

16

43

35

3

co

4

33

35

2

LO

5

366

417

14

10

5

15

12:

36

12

36

I

25: 28

1

T

25

25

27

24 24

2

330 685

49

140

215

582

5

108

4

1

1

32

44

16

24

1

5

42

22

CO

4

1

17

11

1

1

1

24

ion.

13

15

3

9

11

T

1

1, and fined

2

2

1

1

2

12

18

3

5

14

1

7

"328 257

60

34

93

95

10

7

2

218

السا

167

209

89.

161

1

1

17

1

365298

90 24

209

201

17

11

6

Co

14

16

15

1

1

8

40 (26)

35

(23)

ww

1

3

(3)

*

25,326 27,496 4,259 4,0332,061 3,025

51

171,8871,552

Figures under "Enforcement of bonds" are excluded, as they have already been included in figures under "Fined" or "Imprisoned".

193 242

249

28

309

286 421

425

15

6

359

社

H 11

'able V.

ONG KONG.

crtain Classes of Offences during the Years 1935 and 1936 Adults only.

Offences of a Public Nature.

Against the Crown

and Government.

Against Public Justice.

Against the Public Peace.

Against Trade.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

Against Public Morals and Police.

M.

F.

36

1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936

1935 1936

1935 1936

1935 1936 1935 1936

1935 1936 1935 1936

2

302 370

88

82

33

40

31

2

4

21

43

5

2 16,817 18,893 2,735 2,532

41,474 1,056

187 174

5

3

1

38

12

1

14

16

3,118 2,602

882

773

33

35

2

5

366

417

14

5

15

10

5

8

2 112

2

7

I

235

T

27

2

1 32

44

16

24

1

1

1

1

4

7

2

1

14

16

15

1

1

5

6

Į

24

11

5

10

1

1

2

7

1

218

150

49

30

17

1

1

1

8

1

2

24 20

1

1

1

74 43

26

6

3

1

C

69

9 6

1

149 $209

88

161

127

69

58

12

3 (3)

-

|

171,8871,552

figures under Fined" or "Imprisoned".

309

286

421

425

15

6

359

218

57

37

36

73

7

3 20,320 21,954 3,792

3,491

2.

Return of Punishments awarded at Magistr

Punishments.

Number of Persons Punished.

Description.

Offences against Individuals.

Against their Property.

Against

Pers

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936

1935 1936 1935 1936

9,420 10,309 2,245 3,077

10

5

45

12

25

25

27

11

3,803 3,7041,224 1,232 210 862

46

102

43

10

1,452 1,515 38 38 1,074 1,069

19

15

34

21

36

29

34

28

1

50

26 29

Fined

Imprisoned in default

Imprisoned without option

Imprisoned and birched

Expelled from the Colony

Sentenced to House of Detention

Bound over to come up for judgment

119

618

49 108

27 323

6

со

32

2

5

10

Bound over to be of good behaviour

79:

74

51

9

2

من

5

20

Bound over and fined

27

10

1

10

Bound over and ordered to pay compensation

14

N

4

2

10

Bound over, ordered to pay compensation and fined

2

1

2

1

3

+

W

Bound over and imprisoned

1

1

Bound over to keep peace

Fined and ordered to pay compensation

SA

Enforcement of bonds

75

264

13

69

34

103

A

157

31

11

51

1

---Total

*

+15,045-16,742 3,6854,554 1,352 2,399

84

181

165

181

Appendix I.

REPORT OF THE LAND OFFICER AND REGISTRAR

OF MARRIAGES FOR THE YEAR 1986.

PART 1.-LAND OFFICE.

REGISTRATION.

1. During the year 3,962 instruments were registered under the provisions of Ordinance No. 1 of 1844,-a decrease of 82 compared with the preceding year.

2. The total number of instruments registered under the provisions of the above mentioned Ordinance (since 1844) to the end of the year 1936 was 153,018.

3. The number of instruments registered each year during the last ten years is shewn in Table I.

4. The total consideration on sales, mortgages, surrenders and miscellaneous land transactions registered in the Land Office amounted to $70,683,398.27, particulars of which are shewn in Table II.

CROWN LEASES.

5. 638 Crown Leases were issued during the year, as against 503 in the previous year-an increase of 135. Particulars are set out in Table III. A great number of Crown Leases were out- standing at the end of the year for which the fees will be collected in due course.

6. The number of leases issued each year during the last ten years is shewn in Table I.

FEES.

7. The total amount of fees collected (exclusive of the New Territories) amounted to $99,566.75, being an increase of $6,352.25 on the preceding year. Table IV shews the Monthly Revenue.

8. Land Registration Fees in the New Territories amounted to $5,950.00, and Crown Lease Fees to $150.00.

1

:

I 2

9. The total fees collected during the past ten years is shewn in Table V.

GRANTS OF LAND.

10. The total area of land leased during the year under review was 1,192 acres 3 rood and 15.3/10 poles, of which 616 acres, () rood and 32 poles were dealt with by the District Officers.

11. Particulars of grants, surrenders and resumptions during the year are shewn on pages U 2 and 3 of the Blue Book for 1936.

SURRENDERS.

12. 34 surrenders of land required for public purposes (including surrenders under Contracts of Exchange) were pre- pared and registered in the Land Office.

STAMP DUTIES.

13. Stamp Duties paid on registered documents (exclusive of Probates and Letters of Administration) amounted to $254,822.50, a decrease of $11,749.40.

CROWN RENTS.

14. The number of lots entered on the, Hong Kong and Kowloon Crown Rent Roll-as shewn in Table VI-was 10,546 an increase of 659 on the preceding year.

15. The Crown Rents on this Roll amounted to $680,761.52 an increase on the preceding year of $8,522.45.

16. The number of lots entered on the Village Crown Rent Roll- as shewn in Table VII-was 1,960 a decrease of 176 on the preceding year.

17. The Crown Rents on this Roll amounted to $1,332.90 -a decrease of $51,95 as compared with the preceding year.

18. The total Crown Rents amounted to $682,094.42 an increase of $8,470.50 on the year 1935-mainly due to the re-grant of lots after re-entry.

DOCUMENTS.

19. 1,116 miscellaneous documents were prepared in the Land Office during the year, being an increase of 192 compared with the year 1935; viz:

(a) 638 Crown Leases (with Counterparts).

(b) 342 Memorials for the registration of Undertakings relating to Verandahs and Balconies over Crown Land.

(c) 34 Surrenders of land required for public purposes,

street improvements and private Exchanges.

(d) 33 Agreements for exchanges and surrenders. (e) 56 Memorials of Re-entry.

(f) 13 Deed of Covenant relating to Scavenging Lane.

•

I 3

M

Table I.

NUMBER OF INSTRUMENTS REGISTERED AND CROWN LEASES GRANTED DURING THE YEARS 1927 TO 1936.

Year.

Instruments registered.

Crown Leases

granted.

196

1927

4,628

1928

4,798

235

1929

4,250

242

1930

5,517

874

1931

6,181

517

1932

6,345

938

1933

5,152

721

1934

4,441

673

1935

4,044

503

1936

3,962

638

Table II.

CONSIDERATION ON INSTRUMENTS REGISTERED IN THE LAND

OFFICE DURING THE YEAR 1936.

No. of Lots!

Description of

Instruments.

Number

or portions

Total

registered.

of Lots

Consideration.

affected.

$

¢

Assignments

1,259

1,479

19,866,723.71

Mortgages and Transfer of

Mortgages

966

1,361

30,336,929.14

Reassignments and Certi-

ficates of Satisfaction

986

1,340

19,876,523.45

Surrenders

34

44

Nil

Judgments and Orders of

Court

57

176

Miscellaneous Documents..

554

1,273

377,493.67 225,728.30

Probates and Letters of

Administration, (Estate

Duties and Interest

$266,327.54)

Total

106

282

3,962

5,955

70,683,398.27

-

A

Hong Kong

Inland

Rural Building

Aberdeen Inland.

I 4

Table III.

CROWN LEASES GRANTED DURING THE YEAR 1986.

Kowloon

New Kowloon

Kowloon Inland

Kowloon Permanent Pier

Hung Hom Inland

New Kowloon Inland

385

5

1 156

1

1

85

Tsun Wan Inland

Mining

לא

3

1

638

Table IV.

RETURN OF MONTHLY REVENUE PAID IN STAMPS TO THE Land OFFICE DURING THE YEAR 1936.

Searches,

Month.

Registration

Copy

Crown

Documents,

Lease

Total.

of Deeds.

and Certi-

Fees.

fications.

$

$

¢

$

¢

January

6.228.00

430.00

780.00

7,438.00

February

4.046.00

739.50

930.00

5,715.50

March

4,774.00

576.00

810.00

6,160.00

April

3,430.00

630.00

1,230.00

5,290.00

May

4,284.00

439.00

1,770.00

6,493.00

June

4.770.00

603.75

1,260.00

6,633.75

July

5,710.00

463.50

1,110.00

7.283.50

August

4,024.00

453.00

1,740.00

6,217.00

September 5,738.00

553.50

4,500.00

10,791.50

October

4,866.00

433.00

4,890.00

10,189.00

November 5,867.00

470.00

8,700.00

15,037.00

3

December

5,573.00

505.50

6,240.00 12,318.50

Totals

59,310.00

6,296.75 33,960.00 99,566.75

$99,566.75

1936 Total

93,214.50

1935 Total

6,352.25

Increase

Total

I 5

Table V.

FEES COLLECTED DURING THE YEARS 1927 TO 1936.

Searches,

Registration and Copies Grants of

Year.

of Deeds.

of Docu-

Leases.

Total.

ments.

$

¢

$

1927

67,115.00

Ø

$

$

5,050.50

5,442.00

77,607,50

1928

72,815.00 6,640.00 6,630.00 86,085.00

1929

63,478.00

5,498.50 7,100.00 76,076.50

1930

84,339.00

7,043.75 | 25,472.00

116,854.75

1931

94,054.00

7,254.00 17,290.00

118,598.00

1932

1933

1934

98,335.00 8,789.25 44,430.00 151,554.25

81,508.00 8,547.25 36,810.00 126,865.25

67.345.00 6,863.25 35,850.00 110,058.25

1935

61,133.00

6,811.50 25,270.00 93,214.50

4

1936

59,310.00

6,296.75 33,960.00 99,566.75

{

2

I 6

Table VI.

HONG KONG AND KOWLOON RENT ROLL.

Locality and Description.

No. of Total Crown

Lots.

Rent.

Victoria Marine Lot

403

74,186.43

Praya Reclamation Marine

Lot

36

Inland Lot

4,016

1,214.39 225,332.43

Quarry Bay Marine Lot

3

18,946.00

Inland Lot

13

4,024.00

Victoria Farm Lot

8

401,55

Garden Lot

""

47

2,016.00

""

Rural Building Lot

282

50,134.76

Aberdeen Marine Lot

579.16

Inland Lot

Aplichau Marine Lot

Inland Lot

83

1,152.50

20

113.88

44

281.48

Shaukiwan Marine Lot

10

2,308.00

Inland Lot

233

5,144.54

Stanley Inland Lot

Pokfulum Dairy Farm Lot

4

4.00

2,712.00

Kowloon Marine Lot

56

50,969.00

Inland Lot

""

2,764

127,033.05

Garden Lot

1

""

1.00

Hung Hom Marine Lot

Inland Lot

Sheko Inland Lot

Tai Tam Inland Lot

Tong Po Inland Lot

New Kowloon Marine Lot

3

6,590.00

157

9,256.00

5

27.00

1

1.00

1

1.00

3

18,938.00

Inland Lot

2,275

65,698.35

Farm Lot

2

36,00

1)

Rural Building Lot

1

42.00

Tai Po Inland Lot

8

702.00

Fan Ling Lot

1,898.00

Sheung Shui Lot

1,276.00

Mining Lot

2,670.00

Tsun Wan Marine Lot

5

2,624.00

Inland Lot

>>

16

2,604.00

New Kowloon Dairy Farm Lot

20

1,134.00

Tsing I Marine Lot

Ping Shan Inland Lot

1

76.00

1

634.00

Total

10,546

$680,761.52

<

-

I 7

Table VII.

VILLAGE RENT ROLL.

No. of

Locality and Description.

Total Crown

Lots.

Rent.

$

Ć

Aberdeen

15

43.50

Pokfulam

24

28.25

Tai Hang

156

632.50

Ah Kung Ngam

25

18.25

Shaukiwan

27

15.00

Hau Pui Loong

.12

44.00

Wong Tsuk Hang

2

34.50

Tai Hang Stream

14

57.00

Tong Po

1

2.50

Tytam

1

3.50

Tytam Tuk

3

2.50

Chung Hom Bay

1

.50

Chinese Joss House Bowen Road

Victoria

1

3.00

Telegraph Bay

12

33.50

Little Hong Kong

177.

69.60

Shek O

Hok Tsui

Chai Wan

Stanley

326

74.00

123

26.80

723

125.80

317

118.20

Total

1,960

$1,332.90

:

:

I 8

PART II.-MARRIAGE REGISTRY.

MARRIAGES.

The number of Marriages celebrated in the Colony during the year was 375, (of which 219 were between Chinese persons) as compared with 368 (and 194) respectively in 1935-an increase of 7. Particulars are given in Table I infra.

FEES.

2. The total amount of Fees received under the Second Schedule of the Marriage Ordinance 1875, was $3,168.00 as compared with $3,197.00 in 1935-a decrease of

of $29. Particulars are shewn in Table II. The decrease is mainly accounted for by the smaller number of Special Licences granted.

3. The number of Marriages solemnized and the total amount of fees collected each year during the past ten years are shown in Table III.

Table I.

(1) Marriages by SPECIAL LICENCE, 18.

(a) At Licensed Places of

Public Worship.

5.

(b) At the Office of the Registrar of Marriages.

18..

(2) Marriages by REGISTRAR'S CERTIFICATE, 357:

(a) At Licensed Places of

Public Worship.

190.

(b) At the Office of the Registrar of Marriages.

167.

{

I 9

Table II.

FEES RECEIVED DURING 1936.

366 Certificates of Notice

(Registrar's Certificates)

4 Searches

48 Certified Copies

5 Licences to Registrar of Marriage:

to issue his Certificates unde

Section 9 of Ordinance No. ! of 1875

18 Special Licences

180 Marriages at the Office of the

Registrar

Total

Fee.

Total Fees

$

$1.00

360.00

$1.00

4,00

@

$1.00

48.00

@ $10.00

50.00

@ $50.00 900.00

@ $10.00

1,800.00

$3,168.00

Table III.

Year.

No. of Marriages solemnized.

Total amount of

Fees collected.

$ ¢

1927

176

1,538.00

1928

236

2,558.00

1929

225

2,440.75

1930

187

2,059.00

1931

228

2,705.00

1932

265

3,198.97

1933

283

2,440.00

.1934

325

3,327.90

1935

368

3.197.00

1936

375

3,168.00

I 10

PART III.-GENERAL

STAFF.

On 3rd January, 1936, Mr. T. S. Whyte-Smith was appointed Land Officer and Registrar of Marriages from 4th April, 1936 to 27th October, 1936, he was on leave and Mr. W. J. Lockhart-Smith, Assistant Land Officer and Deputy Registrar of Marriages acted as Land Officer and Registrar of Marriages in his absence. During the year Mr. M. J. Abbott and Mr. J. P. Murphy have each acted as Assistant Land Officer and Deputy Registrar of Marriages for certain periods.

5th March, 1937.

T. S. WHYTE-SMITH,

Land Officer and Registrar of Marriages.

Appendix J.

REPORT ON THE NEW TERRITORIES FOR THE

YEAR 1936.

DEPARTMENT OF THE DISTRICT Office, Northern DISTRICT.

STAFF.

1. Mr T. Megarry, who had been District Officer since the 5th of January, 1934, went on leave on the 2nd of May. He was succeeded by Mr. K. Keen, on whose transfer to the Magistracy, Hong Kong, on the 6th of October, Mr. J. Barrow became District Officer.

:

EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE

2. Tables I and II show some comparative details of the expenditure and revenue from the District in 1935 and 1936. There was a satisfactory increase in land sales, but the total of Crown Rent collected was a little below the record figure of 1935. Rates were collected for the first time in the New Territories, in the rateable areas of Tai Po and Yuen Long, bringing in nearly $7,000. The big decrease under the heading "Fines (Land Sales)" was due to Government's decision to reduce considerably the scale of fines payable for failure to fulfil building convenants; and the big decrease in the figure for "Permits to cut earth, etc." is explained by the change whereby the sand monopoly junks now deal directly with the Public Works Department.

MAGISTRACY.

3. Tables IV to VIII give details of the cases, both criminal and civil, heard by the District Officer sitting as magistrate during the year.

4. There was again an increase in the number of Police Court cases heard: 10% over the record high number of 1935. This means that the District Officer sometimes has his whole day taken up, as Magistrate, with Police Court work. Of the 1835 cases heard, 462 concerned opium and revenue offences, 385 traffic offences and dangerous driving, 301 offences against. property, 211 offences of unlicensed or unmuzzled dogs, 91 offences of disobeying orders of deportation, 82 offences against the person, 14 offences of unlawful possession of arms, and

"

J 2

there were 308 other offences of various kinds. There was a considerable increase in the number of offences under the opium, dangerous drugs, and revenue ordinances, and Tai Po and Yuen Long, which have now, by the imposition of rates, attained urban status, are also becoming remarkable for urban vices: opium and heroin piil divans. by no means all of the smokers are farmers, many being building and other labourers whom temporary employment has brought out into the country. It is hoped that the work of the new society for disseminating propaganda against dangerous-drugs will help to remove this form of temptation from the simple farmers' lives. There was a large increase in the number of offences against property, which is chiefly explained by the great increase in the number of casual labourers in the District, due largely to the work offering on the Pat Heung Aerodrome. Some of these are tempted by opportunities to steal chickens, cattle, pigs, or personal effects. The remarkable outbreak in Hong Kong and Kowloon of larcenies of metal of all kinds had its counterpart in this District too. There was a big decrease in the number of offences of unlicensed or unmuzzled dogs, which is satisfactory. It is suggested that an increase in the number of banishees returning was due chiefly to the shortage of rice in Kwangtung, and the improved prospect of finding employment in the Colony: There was a very satisfactory decrease in the number of cases of ...lawful possession of arms.

In 22 cases the accused were committed for trial to the Supreme Court, as against 11 in 1935. These comprised 8 cases of coinage offences, 6 of robbery, 3 of homicide, 3 of possession. of arms, 1 of returning from banishment and 1 of driving a vehicle dangerously.

5. There were 45 cases of deaths in unusual circumstances reported to the Police Magistrate as coroner during the year, and 3 Death Inquiries were held.

6. There was again a decrease in the number of Small Debts cases heard. The number of Distress Warrants issued, 19, was the smallest since 1932.

7. There were 6 cases of fire reported by the Police to the Magistrate, of which 4 were in Yuen Long, 1 in Tai Po Market, and 1 in Ping Shan. In 4 of these cases the property concerned was insured.

LAND AND GENERAL.

8. Complete details of the work of the Land Office are shown in Table IX. In the Land Registry 3,875 memorials were registered, a record figure, and the amount of stamp duty received for registration was $4,614.20.

T

J 3

9. There was a welcome increase in the sale of Crown Land for building; and the demand for Crown Land, mostly foothills, for orchard planting, was well maintained.

Fine fruit is grown

in some of these orchards, of which General Li Fuk Lam's, which is intersected by the Tai Po.Fan Ling road near Wai T'au, is a good example. The owners generally find it advisable to fence them against marauders, human and animal, and the type consisting of barbed wire supported by concrete posts is usually chosen. Unfortunately the orchard owners' example is being copied by others, and there is a noticeable increase in the number of such rather shockingly incongruous fences.

10. Some shop-buildings alongside the main road in Yuen Long were completed in the course of the year, and emigrants money continued to finance the building of fine country houses, especially in the areas of Sha T'au Kok and Ngau T'am Mei, which is on the East side of the main road between Au T'au and Mai Po. Some of these houses conform with the pleasant traditional style, distinguishing themselves only by their size and the beauty of their elaborate decoration; but others prefer to ape the outer world, with less happy results. In the Shap Pat Heung, to the South of Yuen Long, numerous large houses are being built by immigrants from Mui Yuen District, near Swatow, who have business in Hong Kong.

11. In March a tree-planting ceremony, attended by the Colonial Secretary, Sir Thomas Southorn, and others, was held at the Tai Po Rural Orphanage, near Cheung Shu T'an South East of Tai Po, and the new building rose rapidly on its magni- ficent site. The year also saw the beginning of work just to the East of Fan Ling Railway Station on the New Territories Agricultural Association's new building, most generously given by Mr. J. E. Joseph.

12. No fewer than five new chicken farms were started in the course of the year, and there are now eight of these. Some of them combine pigs and other livestock with chickens, and the oldest, the Sunny Farm, near San T'in, in addition experimented sucessfully with wheat.

13. The striking figures under "Resumptions" in Table IX are explained almost entirely by the very extensive provision necessary for the Pat Heung Aerodrome easily the biggest resumptions since the preparation for the Shing Mun Scheme in 1929. The smoothness with which the negotiations were conducted, and their successful issue, was largely due to the good will and influence of Mr. Tang Pak Kau, the chief Elder of the area, and himself the largest landowner concerned. Work on the aerodrome, and on the fine road approaching it 2 miles long and 21 feet wide, progressed rapidly. The aerodrome site must surely be one of the most beautiful in the world.

A

14. By the end of the year the inhabitants of the South East corner of this District had not yet started to make use of the new military road from Customs Pass to the East coast, preferring to take their fish and vegetables to market in Hong Kong and Kowloon by the time-honoured carry to Customs pass, or by junk or ferry-steamer from Hang Hau.

15. The rainfall at Tai Po was nearly 89 inches, as against an average for the last ten years of 83.48 inches. August accounted for nearly 24 inches, but during the last quarter of the year scarcely any rain fell. Statistics for the Yuen Long area are not available, but the rainfall there is probably less..

The rain did not fall so opportunely as in 1935, and the first crop of rice suffered from a dry spring. The second, however, was admittedly good, and, as towards the end of the year the price of rice rose as high as $8 a picul, those sufficiently wealthy not to have to sell their stocks as soon as harvested did well.

*

Pine-apples grew well, but fetched disappointing prices.

The fishing industry continued to be hampered by the high import duty into China. The demand for oysters was unsatisfactory.

16. The typhoon of the 17th of August did great damage. At Tsing Shan Keuk, Castle Peak, a $3,000 retaining wall, built by the villagers and shop-owners, was completely washed away. They are now building another. At the Cafeteria Beach a large embankment was washed away, and 4 sheds were blown down, as were 9 others at Castle Peak Beach. All District buildings, roads, paths, and trees were damaged..

over the

The heavy rains of early August and early September also caused much damage by floods. Big bunds were overwhelmed, resulting in acres of carefully tended fields becoming flooded, and covered in sand, which remained after the floods had subsided. Comparatively expensive dams were wrecked, and even big bridges swept away or seriously weakened, among them the bridges at San Hui, Castle Peak, and at Saam To Hang, just to the South of and under the Tai Po-Fanling road, before the Lam Tsuen corner.

Table X shows the allocation of assistance from the Departmental vote for "Local Public Works." Unfortunately many deserving works were unfinished by the end of the year, thereby forfeiting any claim to assistance from the vote for 1936, and leaving a large balance unexpended.

17. The mine at Ma On Shan was active, and towards the end of the year. Hong Kong Mines, Limited started their energetic and elaborate attack on the mine at Lin Ma Hang.

J 5

18. There were 2,700 births, and the maternity facilities provided by the Medical Department and by the St. John Ambulance Brigade were well patronised.

19. As a result of the current preference for British seamen in British ships many hundreds of men from all parts of this District applied through this office for certificates of registration as seamen of New Territory birth, and the work of investigating their claims was added to the normal routine of the Department.

20. The District Officer, as "father and mother of the people," dealt with 51 disputes concerning women and children, and 39 miscellaneous disputes. In most of these, as indeed in all matters in connection with which their help was sought, the Elders of the Heung Yee Kuk gave as always their wise and willing assistance.

30th March, 1937.

J. BARROW,

District Officer, Northern District

...

J 6

Table I.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE BY THE DISTRICT

OFFICE IN 1935 AND 1936.

Personal Emoluments*

1935.

1936.

$53,989.10

$69,959.25A

Other Charges.

Conveyance Allowances

1,830.00

1,569.51

Electric Light and Fans

158.59

141.00

Incidental Expenses

401.67

495.37

Local Public Works

550.00

1,185.00

Transport

1,034.62

903.16

Scavenging

1,707.40

1,735.72

Uniform

193.55

267.17

Upkeep of Grounds of Island House ..

196.08

242.01

Special Expenditure.

Maps

214.20

Total other charges

$6,071.91

$6,538.94

Total special expenditure

$214.00

Total department

$60,061.01

$76,498.19

*Includes officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services attached

to the department.

AOne District Officer on leave from 2nd of May to the end of the year was paid from the department, in addition to the officer who took his place.

*

J 7

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE COLLECTED BY THE DISTRICT OFFICE IN 1935 AND 1936.

1935.

1936.

Crown Rent (Leased Lands)

$102,805.49

$97,758.98

Kerosene Oil Licences

2,110.00

2,222.09

Chinese Wine and Spirit Licences

1,800.00

1,481.25

Pawnbrokers' Licences

1,500.00

1,500.00

Money-changers' Licences

450.00

300.00

Motor Spirit Licences

5.00

5.00

Assessed Taxes (Rates) N.T. North

6,859.65

Fines

4,484.98

4,009.70

Fines (Land Sales)

1,111.62

180.20

Fines Reward Fund

1,019.10

815.00

Forfeitures

188.00

318.00

Forfeitures (Land Sales)

30.00

190.00

Distress Warrant (Crown Rent and

Small Debt's Court)

249.00

237.00

Other Miscellaneous Receipts

143.50

16.00

Forestry Licences

7,745.60

7,198.43

Permits to cut earth, etc.

5,371.00

2,725.26

Grave certificates

Pineapple Land Leases

Matshed Permits

Permits to occupy land

Stone Quarry Permits Ferry Licences Certified Extracts Sunprints

Land Sales

8.50

8.75

507.57

534.79

4,821.70

4,971.60

3,012.42

2,986.99

1,445.00

1,588.00

6.00

6.00

135.00

200.00

130.00

140.00

11,331.87

16,274.90

Stamps for Deeds

3,799.50

4,614.20

Boundary Stones

300.00

210.00

Piers

60.00

Crown Leases

120.00

90.00

Tobacco Retailer Licences

1,190.00

1,255.00

Court fees or Miscellaneous fees

18.90

Arms Fines

515.00

4.80 290.00

Legal Cost

5.00

7.00

Poor Box

22.86

22.16

Overpayment in previous year

Total

.80

$156,383.41 $159,080.75

Note.

1935.

1396.

Mining Licences

Nil

Nil

Prospecting Licences

Nil

Mining Royalties

$86.64

Crown Rent

4,464.00

Nil

$630.91 were paid in

4,510.00 ( Hong Kong

Total

$4,544.64

$5,140.91

-- J 8

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE

FOR THE LAST TEN YEARS.

Personal* Emoluments

Year.

and other Charges.

Special Expenditure.

Total Expenditure.

Total Revenue.

1927

43,059.80

43,059.80

123,578.70

1928

46,339.30

1.50.80

46,490.10

117,383.48

1929

46,371,85

46,371,85

120,580.97.

1930

61,273.56

61,273.56

146,300.10

1931

61,241.64

61,241.64

165,014.61

1932

61,663.99

61,663.99

179,033.92

1933

67,216.42

67,216.42

195,021.92

1934

67,365.49

67.365.49

169,816.21

1935

60,061.01

60,061.01

151,919.41

1936

76,493.19

214.20 Δ

76,712.39

159,080.75

*Includes Officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services attached to

department

Note.-Only money expended or collected by the District Office is included in above table and no account is taken of revenue collected by other departments or expenditure by them or expenditure on Public Works, Police, Medical, Educational and other services.

AFor Maps.

Table IV.

Abstract of CaSES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE Police Magistrates' Courts at TAI PO AND PING SHAN DURING the Year 1936.

Committed

for trial

at the

Bound over without further Penalty.

J 9-

25

Total No.

Classification of Offences.

Total No.

of

Charges.

Convicted

of

and Discharged.

Defend-

ants.

Sentenced.

Supreme

To keep the

Convicted

and

Cautioned.

Police

Supervi-

Previously Convicted.

Court.

peace and be of

sion.

good behaviour.

M. F. M. F. M. F.

M. F.

M.

OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.

F.

M.

F.

M. F.

(a) Against their Property.

1. Larceny (simple)

132

Stealing from the person

6

Embezzlement

and

Fraudulent

conversion

Robbery

Burglary and Housebreaking

Demanding with menaces

False pretences and cheating

Receiving and possession of stolen

goods

89

40

8880

104

35

3

57

38

3. Malicious damage

5. Other offences

(b) Against their persons.

1. Homicide

2. Ill-treatment & grievous harm

3. Common assault

4. Kidnapping

196

O NO LO

66238

65218

143

108

3

כא

5

:

4

...

:

18

1

1

5

1

51

1

10

2

1

1

1

:

:

18

1

::

:

1

...

2

::

21

18-888

62

16

:

712

1

36027

82

13

36223

3

28

8

2

216

1

2

2

엉~

30

מא

3

2

1

מא

3

6. Other offences

:

Carried forward

383

452

248

12 118

5

LQ

7

:

52

10

5

4

1

~

:

:

:

Table IV.—Continued.

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS AT TAI PO AND PING SHAN DURING THE YEAR 1936. Total No. Total No.

Classification of Offences.

Brought forward

Supreme

Court.

Bound over without further Penalty.

To keep the

peace and be of good behaviour.

Convicted

Committed

for trial

of

of

Defend-

Charges.

and

Sentenced.

Discharged.

at the

Convicted

and

Cautioned.

Police

Supervi-

Previously

Convicted.

sion.

ants.

M. F. M.

F.

M.

Ꭱ .

ML.

F.

M.

F. M. F. M.

383

452

248

12 118

5

52

32

1

2

25

25

1

10

OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.

(c) Against the Crown & Government.

1. Currency offences

13

19

N

4. Trespass and damages on Crown Land

19

7. Opium and Revenue offences

462

488

8. Dangerous drug and goods

12

9. Other offences

6

0989985

19

6

381

83

18

13

12

1

16

16

:

(d) Against Públic Justice.

1. Escape and breach of Prison 2. Returning from banishment

Carried forward

210

85

2

::

:

4453

3

5

1

986

1,098

763

95

140

6

$18

4

52

323

2.000

288

5

10

10

J 10

31

14

85

5

2

141

14

Classification of Offences.

Total No.

of

Charges.

Total No.

Convicted

of

Table IV,-Concluded.

Abstract of Cases under CogNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS AT TAI PO AND PING SHAN DURING THE YEAR 1936.

Bound over without further Penalty.

Committed

for trial

Defend-

ants.

and Discharged.

at the

Sentenced.

Supreme

To keep the

Court.

peace and be of

Convicted

and

Cautioned.

Police

Supervi-

Previously

Convicted.

sion.

good behaviour.

986 1,098

M. F. M. 763 95 140

F.

M. F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M. F.

M.

F

18

52

32

5

10

5

2

141

· 14

2

1

:

Brought forward

OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.-Contd.

(e) Against the Public Peace.

1. Breach of the peace

21

2. Unlawful possession of arms

3. Other offences

245

64

14

14

$45

10

10

99.

5

(f) Against trade.

(g) Against Public Morals and Police.

1. Begging and touting

1

3. Lotteries and gambling

25

71

61

9

4. Offences against public health

5. Street hawkers offences..

59

60

50

∞

6. Obstruction

9. Traffic offences of a technical nature

373

373

· 327

10. Dangerous driving of vehicles

12

12

10

11. Vagrants

12. Unlicensed or unmuzzled Dogs 13. Other offences

211

211

168

128

152

116

15

55

:

Total

2

30

3

:.

:

1

15.

6

1

1,835

2,061

1,521 132 197

7

1

44

222

1

:

16

:

22

10

1

:

:

81

4

100

13

59

6

2

228

14

Table Y.

TAI PO and PING SHAN, New Territories.

Return of Punishments awarded in respect of Certain Classes of Offences during the Year 1936.

12

Punishments.

Offences against Individuals.

Offences of a Public Nature

Number of

Persons

Punished.

Against their Against their Against the

Against

!

Description.

Property. Person.

Crown and Government.

Public

Justice.

Against the Public Peace.

Against Public Morals and Police.

Other

Offences.

M.

F. M. F.

M. F. M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

M. 7.

M.

Fines

806 30

Imprisoned in default

518

93

Imprisoned without option...

241

a88

3

115

Bound over to be of good

behaviour

63

10

Convicted and cautioned

57

2

ཿ ཙ–

5

63

341

20

2∞4

1

55

8

355

76

नैन

13

:

1

126

601 10

112

26

7

59

2

89

31

:

596

14

2

44

∞

1

Bound over and fined

LO

22

1

1

•

39

1

5 O

כא

3

...

Bound over, ordered to pay

compensation and fined....

Bound over to keep peace.... Bound over and ordered to pay compensation

Total

70

Sa

3

10

...

2

5

LO

1

:

1,768

149

196 10

69

4 417

84

4

3

26

4

1

:

::

::

...

:.

44

∞

::

...

:

1

91

110

16

16

666 18

217

17

Table VI.

Abstract of Cases brought under COGNIZANCE of the POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS at TAI Po and PING SHAN

during a period of Five Years.

CASES, HOW Disposed of, and THE NUMBER of

Male and FEMALE PRISONERS UNDER EACH HEAD.

Years.

Total

Number

of Cases.

Convicted and

Committed for

Ordered to find Security.

Discharged.

Trial at

Punished.

Supreme

Court.

To keep the Peace, to be of Good

Convicted and Cautioned.

Total Number of Defendants.

Behaviour, and to answer any Charge.

1

2

→

M.

5

6

7

8

9

10

14 15 16

25

25

26

**27

28

29

30

M.

F.

J.

M.

F. J.

M.

F.

M.

F.

J.

M.

F.

J.

M.

F.

J.

1932

882

797

72

13

184

11

1

12

~

1933

1,238 1,251 103

6

196

20

7

32

16

3

:

1,009

888

20

52

14

3

1,507

137

16

1934

1,451 1,237

20

117

272

22

20

67

5

56

1 1,652 150

16

1935

1,675 1,484 102

5

202

26

16

98

29

1936

1,854 1,521 132

13

197

7

3

22

100

Total

7.100 | 6,290

526

41 1,051

86

21

78

4

333

82888

86

51,886:

165

14

13

59

6

3 1,899

158

19

68

14

201 14

97,953

698

85

Aver-

age

1,420 | 1,258

105

8 210

17

4

16

8

66

per

14

כא

40

כא

3 2❘ 1,591

139

17

Year,

Ex

Discharged or Order made.

1

2

3

4

Defendant Absent.

LO

5

Table VII.

Return of Juvenile Offenders brought before the Police Magistrate's Courts at Tai Po and Ping Shan during the year 1936.

A.-Boys.

Committed to Remand Home.

Convicted and Cautioned.

(& Parents bound over)

12

3

לא

4 5 1 2

Convicted and Sentenced.

Fines.

Caned in Court. (Inflicted on Parents)

Classfication of Offenders.

Total

No. of

Defen-

dents.

1 2

3

כא

:

:

A

5

LO

1:

خسم

1

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

1

1 1

1

3 4 5

קא

:

:

:

:

:

2

3

LO

4 5

2

A:..

:

Bail estreated.

1

מא

3

2

ลง

:

:

:..

:

:

...

:

:

F:

:

:

2:

:

:

:

:

...

...

:

:

:

:

:

1:

:

1

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

4.

1

...

1

...

...

:

:

:

:

...

:

...

:

:

:

:

F:

:

1

:

:

מא

:

:

:

:

:

1 1

3

1

(3) Over 12 and under 14.

:.

...

:.

:

:..

:

...

:

:

:.

:

***

:

:

1

1.

:

(2) Over 10 and under 12.

:

:

Possession of dutiable wine

5

LO

Possession of Opium

1

Possession of Tobacco

Causing obstruction

3

House breaking

1

Simple Larceny

1

Uttering counterfeit coins

2

Receiving stolen property

1

Destitute

1

Total

18

(1) Age under 10.

:

2

1

52

1,07

:

:

:

:

2

:

2

1

+2

1

(4) Over 14 and under 15.

(5) Over 15 and under 16.

:

J 15

Table VII.

Return of Juvenile Offenders brought before the Magistrate's Court at Tai Po during the year 1936.

B.-GIRLS.

Total

Classification of

No. of

Fine (inflicted on parents)

Defen-

Offenders.

dants.

Possession of

Tobacco.

Total

(1) Age under 10.

(2) Over to and under 12.

(3) Over 12 and under 14.

(4) Over 14 and under 15.

(5) Over 15 and under 16.

Cases heard

Writs of Executions

1

1

2

3

Table VIII.

SMALL DEBTS Courts.

1

1

Average from

1936.

1931-1935

100

160

19

54

Table IX.

· 16 -

No. of

Increase

Sales

Decrease

Amount

Heading.

Permits,

Licences,

No. of

Lots.

Area in

of

of

of

acres.

Annual

Annual

Rent.

Rent

etc.

$

C.

C.

Sales of Land for Agriculture

54

69

"}

99

Building

79

79

>"

>>

"

""

& garden

Orchard

>>

"}

19

23

"

""

"

& garden

2

29

;;

,,

& agriculture

9

13

"

Garden & agriculture

1

"

"

>>

Fish pond

}:

""

""

多多

Threshing floor

: TEEN 28

67.37

88.80

Premia,

Fees, etc.

4,306.00

Amount

paid for

Resump-

Term

of

tion of

Land.

years.

C.

C.

4.62

555.00

5,097.00

33.25

55.40

3,560.00

3

2.69

5.80

588.00

7.93

10.50

1,262.CO

75

1

.60

.60

66.00

9

.21

1.70

249.00

75

Garden

"

7

1.19

74.40

730.00

75

Conversions

Permits to occupy land for Agriculture

167

4.11

435.00

371.90

75

2

2

4.40

63,00

>>

>>

>>

>>

6

8

19.77

"

"

""

106

180

118.98

62.90

704.42

>"

""

Other purposes

1

1

2.10.

>>

"

""

"

""

Agriculture

350

519

252.36

21.00

2,025.38

">

""

"

Other purposes

13

14

58.62

110.29

Extensions

9

9

.05

7.00

42.00

Exchanges

2

3

(88.

9.70-

3:00

Re-entries

Surrenders

ZA-HGGERALL' AAAA AA

75

75

75

75

75

21

10

75

75

210

13.44

255.36

52

3.69

44.95

Resumptions

882

251.76

637.24

Stone Quarry permits

Permits to cut Earth etc.

126,532.19

106

1,588.00

349

Matshed permits

2,725.26

1,156

17.51

Ferry Licences

4,971.60

4

6.00

Forestry Licences

634

634

35,992,15

7,198.43

Pine-apple land Leases

600

600

177.43

Grave Certificates

20

Deeds registered and fees

3,875

534.79

8.75

4,614 20

1

10

:.

J 17

Table X.

LOCAL PUBLIC WORKS, 1936.

ALLOCATION OF ASSISTANCE

NEW WORKS.

Two bridges across the stream near Tan Chuk Hang ..$

REPAIRS.

Path between Nam Chung & the main road to Sha

150.00

Tau Kok

350.CO

Po Sam Pai, and Shan Tau Kok

75.00

27

??

Fu Shin Street, and On Fu Road, Tai

Po Market

60.00

Shek Chung Au, and Fui Yiu Kok ........

60.00

Bund at Siu Lek Yuen

35.00

Lin Ma Hang

60.00

Well below Tai Po Police Station

95.00

Bridge at Saam To Hang, Lam Tsun Valley

300.00

Un-expended

1,315.00

Total

$2,500.00

{

:

Appendix J (1).

REPORT ON THE NEW TERRITORIES FOR

THE YEAR 1936.

B.-SOUTHERN DISTRICT.

STAFF.

Mr. G. S. Kennedy-Skipton was in charge throughout the year except during the period 31st August to 11th September, when Mr. B. C. K. Hawkins was in charge.

EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE.

2. Tables I to III show comparative details of the expendi- ture for the years 1935 and 1936.

3. The actual Revenue collected by the department, as given in Table II, has decreased from the previous year's total by $1,775.38. This small decrease is largely due to the re-entry of salt pan No. 4 at Tai O for non-payment of Crown Rent ($1,022). Reductions also occurred in the following: Police case fines, permits for earth, stone and sand, and building covenant fines.

4. Table III shows a comparative statement of Expenditure and Revenue of the department for the last ten years.

MAGISTRACY.

5. Tables IV to VIII show the details of the cases heard by the District Officer sitting as Police Magistrate and Judge of the small Debts Court.

6. The number of Police cases dealt with (Table VIII) shows a decrease in 1936 by 28 as compared with the previous year mainly due to the fact that since May 1935 traffic cases not involving deaths have been dealt with by the Kowloon Magistracy. Cases other than traffic decreased by five. None were serious.

7. There were no cases committed for trial at the Supreme Court during the year. Two Armed Robberies (one at Sai Ah Chau and one at Pak Kok) and one Murder at Shek Pai Wan, Lamma Island occurred during the year but the offenders were not traced.

8. Larceny cases during the year 1936 increased by more than half over 1935 but none of them were serious.

3

J (1) 2

9. There were 9 Juvenile Offenders in 1936 as against none in 1935 (Tables VI (a) and (b) ).

10. The number of small Debts Cases and of Writs of Execution decreased from 96 and 50 respectively in 1935 to 51 and 25 in 1936, due to greatly improved business conditions.

11. Twenty-six cases of deaths in unusual circumstances were reported to the Police Magistrate during the year. Three Coroner's Enquiries were held and one Coroner's verdict of Murder, against person or persons unknown, was returned.

LAND OFFICE.

12. Table X shows the work of the Land Office during the year 1936. The sales both of building land and land for cultivation increased greatly. 37,05 acres were sold, yielding premium to the amount of $6,035.90 as against 7.09 acres and $1,084.24 in 1935. This heavy increase is chiefly due to increase in purchases by Hong Kong City residents but purchases by villagers have also increased heavily. In view of the develop- ment at Tsun Wan the increase in building land sales seems likely to continue.

13. The number of memorials registered was 1,007 as compared with 1,446 in 1935 and the revenue from registration fees shows a consequent drop.

14. The acreage held under Forestry Licences has increased by 6% this year reversing a downward trend of several years duration.

15. Since the Sand Ordinance came into force on October 1st 1935, this department has only issued permits for small amounts of sand to local villagers for local building in the New Territories. Sand permit fees have therefore fallen to a small figure. Stone permit fees have also fallen owing to the reduced demand for Government building works.

16. Many new permits were issued for bathing sheds during the year 1936 bringing the total up to 234, an increase of 45 over 1935. Very few practicable sites now remain unoccupied along the Castle Peak Road.

GENERAL,

Agriculture.

17. The district, as a whole, may claim to have enjoyed a fair measure of prosperity during the year in spite of the severe typhoon of the 18th August 1936 which did considerable damage to the rice crops in Southern Lantau and to the salt pans in Tai O. Both rice crops were good as also were the

•

>

J (1) 3 -

sweet potato and vegetable crops. The firewood and beancurd industries also did well. Cattle, pigs and poultry, chiefly pro- duced at Tsun Wan and Tai O, were reported very satisfactory. Prices generally were well sustained.

Fisheries.

18. Catches this year were very successful. The Wong Fa and shrimp catches were particularly good and prices were fair.

Transport.

19. The Hong Kong and New Territories Ferry Company maintained a regular schedule throughout the year. The Tsun Wan line did badly this year for the 4th year in succession owing to the competition of the bus service. A bridge and pier enabling persons to land at all states of the tide were constructed in the shallow harbour of Tung Chung, thus overcoming the principal difficulty of navigation in this locality.

Registration of Births and Deaths.

20. Registration commenced in 1932. The Police Stations at Tsun Wan, Cheung Chau, and Tai O are the registry offices for their respective districts. 668 births and 671 deaths in all were registered as against 938 and 554 respectively for 1935. Death registration has increased every year since the beginning but birth registration showed a sharp drop last year for the first time. There were no prosecutions during the year 1936.

Sanitation.

21. The scavenging work has been satisfactorily maintained in Cheung Chau, Tai O, Hang Hau and Tsun Wan. The efficiency of the sanitary coolies paid by Government has been greatly increased by the cement concrete paving constructed in recent years in these villages. A public latrine with accom- modation for 24 men and 12 women was constructed to plans approved by the Medical Officer of Health at Cheung Chau, where the large floating population and the presence of a European reservation renders such provision especially needful. Government furnished $1,050 out of the total cost of $1,840. A caretaker is in regular attendance..

Hygiene.

22. The Governinent medical service was maintained, consisting of a travelling dispensary on the mainland, routine. visits by a Medical Officer to the islands, and resident midwives with dispensaries at Tai O and Shai Tseng.

J (1) 4-

23. The Haw Par Hospital in Cheung Chau run by St. John's Ambulance Brigade and the St. John's Ambulance clinic at Tsun Wan did good service. The number of cases dealt with by the former increased by 3,000 to 37,990. Malaria, maternity, and accident cases were the commonest of the serious cases dealt with. It is difficult to exaggerate the benefit of this work to the local population.

Tai O.

24. Business conditions in Tai O depend principally on fishing and on the allied industry of boatbuilding. This year the fishing season was very good, and boatbuilding also did very well.

25. The following table gives approximately the figures of fish catches landed at Tai O.

Catch.

Price per picul.

1935.

1936.

1935. 1936.

Ma Yau

300 piculs.

400 piculs.

$20.00

$15.00

Herring

1,100

650

$10.00

$13.00

Wong Fa

7,000

12,000

$12,00

$ 9.50

Shrimps

2,000

1,500

$ 5.00

$ 5.50

27

}}

If the proportion of catches landed at Tai O by Tai O boats had not fallen, the fishing industry would have done even better.

26. Pigs, cattle, rice and poultry did well. All of these were consumed locally.

27. Salt panning did well. The total output increased from 11,000 piculs to 13,500 piculs and the price also rose.

Lamma.

28. Conditions were uneven.

uneven. Pigs and vegetables, both important, did well but cattle and poultry did badly. There was a severe epidemic of gapes among poultry.

Cheung Chau and Southern Lantau.

29. Conditions were good and a great improvement on the last two years. The fishing industry, the mainstay of Cheung Chau, did exceptionally well and shops catering to junks recovered business lost in recent years to Ping Hoi and San Mei. Catches were very large and prices good. Other items, quarries excepted, did badly but their importance is sinall. In Southern Lantau the rice crops were damaged by drought and typhoon.

J (1) 5

30. All but 4 market stalls were occupied, but ronts were badly in arrears and stall rents were again reduced in consequence, Business was reported dull.

31. The town of Cheung Chau was seriously damaged by a great fire which broke out at about mid-night on the 18th September, 1936 and involved 23 buildings in the centre of the village. Six were destroyed and 17 badly damaged. The damage is estimated at about $100,000. Fortunately no lives were lost. Owing to a burnt out bearing the local fire engine failed and the fire was not extinguished until 7.45 a.m. following the arrival of the Hong Kong fire float. The fire engine has now been repaired. It is regularly inspected by a responsible officer of the Fire Brigade.

Tsun Wan.

Two

32. Conditions in Tsun Wan were generally good. important lines, distilling and pineapple growing, did poorly but all others did well, especially rice, vegetables, firewood and pigs.. Lime kilns, long depressed, reported fair trade.

33. The Hong Kong Brewery benefited by the fall in the local dollar and its business last year was much improved. The. Texas Oil Company and the Hume Pipe Company were busy throughout the year. The latter reported very good business, chiefly for export. At Shing Mun a wolfram mining concession was let to the Marsman Company, a limited company registered in Hong Kong, for a square mile of land overlooking the Shing Mun Dam. Preliminary work is reported satisfactory. The Shing Mun Dam, nearing completion, reduced its staff from 3,000 to 200 chiefly in the latter part of the year. Active building in urban Hong Kong and Tsun Wan is reported to have absorbed a part of this surplus and a certain number were repatriated under agreement, but many, especially Northerners, have remained in the district permanently unemployed and larcenies in Tsun Wan have increased in consequence.

The modern Tsun Wan Market was opened on the 8th July, 1936, by the District Officer, South, with accommodation for 24 stalls consisting of 12 fresh meat, 6 vegetable and 6 fish stalls. The stalls were the object of keen bidding and let for high prices. Since the opening of the market, plans for the erection of 29 new modern style houses, in accordance with the approved layout, have been submitted and it is hoped the buildings will be completed in 1937. Prospects of a new reclamation with wharfage facilities and of a modern layout for the new town have caused a great increase in land values, from five to ten times in actual cases, in the neighbourhood of the market.

G. S. KENNEDY-SKIPTON, District Officer, South.

30th March, 1937.

- J (1) 6-

Table I.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1935 AND 1936.

Personal Emoluments

1935.

1936.

*$29,965.19*$34,506,77

Other Charges.

Conveyance Allowances.

477.13

490.58

Incidental Expenses

127.14

192,42

Lighting

185.92

Local Public Works

2,995.00

2,750.00

Rent of Offices

8,000.00

7,800.00

Scavenging

1,482.80

1,530.45

Transport

772.92

623.59

Uniforms

90.91

67.85

Total Other Charges

$13,945.90

$13.640.81

Total Department

$43,911.09

$48,207.58

* Includes Officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services.

J (1) 7-

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE COLLECTED BY THE DISTRICT OFFICER, 1935 AND 1936.

1935.

1936.

Fines

$ 1,545.46

$

711.66

Building Convenant Fines

307.51

91.43

Forfeitures

230.00

150.75

Forestry Licences

2,596.90

2,411.80

Miscellaneous Licences

121.00

248.00

Earth and Stone Permits

9,659.60

616.50

Legal Costs

196.00

..111.00

Boundary Stones and Survey Fees

368.00

166.00

Crown Leases .....

60.00

60.00

Miscellaneous Fees

99.25

156.25

Deeds Registration Fees

1,769.50

1,336.60

Leased Lands

.

*24,557.73

*24,238.40

Pineapple Land Leases

581.76

568.97

Bathing Matshed Permits

4,674.20

5,932.55

Matshed Permits

832.00

890.60

Temporary Structure on Private

Land

966.00

874.00

Permit to occupy Land

481.40

484.50

Miscellaneous Permits

289.50

400.75

Stone Quarries

385.00

375.00

Market Fee

1,505.54

5,100.06

Other Miscellaneous Receipts

54.21

81.28

Premia on New Leases

1,156.29

6,119.80

Revenue Reward Fund

618.14

632.21

Armis Fine Fund

579.89

95.00

Poor Box

23.16

29.55

Total

$53,658.04

$51,882.66

* 1. Actual Collections, including normal arrears for previous year.

2. Amount due on 1935 Rent Roll

Amount due on 1936 Rent Roll

Decrease

$26,577.38

$26,452.47

$ 124.91

This is accounted for by the resumption and re-entry of lots and the expiry of leases in Kowloon Walled City during the year.

$."

J (1) 8-

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF THE DISTRICT OFFICE FOR LAST TEN YEARS.

*Personal

Emoluments

and Other Charges.

Special Expenditure.

Total Expenditure

·Total

Revenue

Collected

of the

by the

Department. Department.

$

$

C.

$ C.

$ C.

1927

24,646.74

24,646.74 42,046.73

1928

23,111.62

23,111.62 39,279.47

82.1929

23,776.34

23,776.84

40,870.41

1930

39,410.90

39,410.99

46,715.94

1931

36,282.47

36,282.47

51,285.59

K

1932

42,073.65§

42,073.65

56,679.19

1933

47,116.63

47,116.63

62,282.58

1934

41,790.00

41,790.00

63,912.43

1935

43,911.09

43,911.09 53,658.04.

1936

48,207.58

48,207.58

51,882.66

Includes Officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services attached to department.

§ Includes salary, May to November, of Cadet Officer on leave.

- J (1) 9

Table IV.

Abstract of Cases under cognisance of the Police Magistrate's Court at District Office, South during the year 1936

Cases, how disposed of, and the number of Male and Female defendants under each Head.

Classification of Offences.

Defendants.

Total No. of Total No. of Coavicted and

Charges.

Sentenced. Discharged.

Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.

Bound over to keep the peace and be of good behaviour.

Bail Estreated.

M. F. J.

M. F.

J. M.

F.

J. M. F. J.

M. F. J.

OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.

(a)-Against their Property,

Burglary

Common Law Offences

Embezzlement

Forgery

False Pretences

Illegal Pawning

Larceny (Simple)

Larceny by Servant

Larceny from Person

Larceny from Dwelling House...

10

Receiving Stolen Property

10

BÖD∞OWN IN WO

80

95

83

11

ON NTH 00 00 — # LØ

(b)Against their Person.

Assault (Common)

Assault (Bodily Harm)

201

16

23

5.

1

100

Manslaughter

OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.

(a)—Against the Crown and Govt.

Dangerous Drugs

Dangerous Goods Opium Offences

3

Possession of Arms

Revenue Offences

(b) Against Public Justice.

Deportation

(c)-Against Public Morals and Police.

Gambling Offences

Hawking Offences

Other Offences

Sand-stealing

Total

11

51m6組

31

20

61 6

23

47

121

5

41

9

ත

10

66

71

8888

59

26

66

86

or &

6

110 1

HGO |

412

567 371

26 6

M. - Male.

13

1

To

111

|| !

| | |

| | | 1 │

| | | | |

16011

| | | |

Bol

10

| | | |

T

N22

| | 10 | │

111101

44 5 2

F.Female.

T

}

1111

111

} } ཚ| |

50

32

20

20

3

88

1

1

J. = Juvenile.

Table V.

Return of Punishments awarded in respect of certain Classes of Offences at District Office, South

during the year 1936.

PUNISHMENTS.

Offences against Individuals.

Offences of a Public Nature.

Description.

No. of

l'ersons

panished.

Person.

Against their Against their Against the Property.

Crown and Government.

Against

Public

Against

Public

Other

Justice.

morals and

Police.

Offences.

M. F. J. M. F. J.

M.F. J. M. F. J. M. F. J.

M.NF. J. | M. | F.

J.

1

34 5

10

36

1

15

4

N

3

54

7

27

39

4

I

3

1

3

9

9 2

Co

3

2 1

Fined

92 10

6

Į

Imprisoned in default

160

11

2

38

CO

Peremptory imprisonment

95

ap

71

Bound over to keep peace and to be of good behaviour.

20

3

1

1

15

1

2

Total

367

28

6 116

2

M. = Male.

1

22

2

93

12

9

/. = Female.

I

(1) 10 —

63

1

64

11 6

J. =Juvenile.

Classification of Offences.

Total No. of

defendants.

Possession of Cigarettes..

Possession of Dynamite..

2

Possession of

Wood.

1

Table VI, (a).

Return of Juvenile Offenders brought before the Police Magistrate's Court at District Office, South

during the year 1936.

A.-BOYS.

Convicted and Sentenced.

Caned in

Court.

Caned and

Fined

bound over.

1

2

3

3

ແ

N

Imprisoned.

5

1

2

Co

3 4

LO

Bound Over.

To keep the peace and be

of good

behaviou.

1 2 I

3

5

J

To come up

for

judgment.

2

3 4

5

10

Convicted

and

Cautioned

Discharged

or

Previously convicted

Order made.

Bail

Estreated.

1 2 3 4

5

1

2

3

4

10

2 3 4 5

1

2

3

4

(1) Age under 10.

(2) Over 10 and under 12.

(3) Over 12 and under 14.

(4) Over 14 and under 15.

(5) Over 15 and under 16.

10

(1) 11

Classification of Offences.

Tree Cutting

Tree Cutting

Tree Cutting

Total No. of

Dedendants.

1

Caned in

Court.

2

3

4

5

10

Convicted and Sentenced.

Caned and

Fined

bound over.

1

2

+

5 1

ลง

Imprisoned.

Table VI, (b).

B.-GIRLS.

3

4 5 1

2

3

4

5

10

1

Bound Over.

To keep the

peace and be

of good behaviour.

To come up for

judgment.

Convicted

and

Cautioned.

Discharged

Order made.

Previously convicted

Bail

Estreated.

1 1 2

3

4

5

1

3

4

TH

5

1 2 3

10

5

A

5

i

1

2

3

4

5 1

2

3

4 5

(1) Age under 10.

(2) Over 10 and under 12,

(3) Over 12 and under 14.

(4) Over 14 and under 15.

(5) Over 15 and under 16.

J (1) 12

Table VII.

Abstract of Cases brought under Cognizance of the Police Magistrate's Court during a period of Five Years.

Cases, how disposed of, and the number of Male and Female Prisoners under each Head.

Committed to

Order to find

Security,

Punished for

Total

Years.

of

Convicted and Punished.

Committed for trial at

Prison or detained

Discharged.

Cases.

Supreme

Court.

pending Order of His Excellency the Governor.

To keep the peace,

to be of good behaviour and to answer any

Did not appear and absconded.

Escaped before being brought for trial at

preferring False

Escaped.

Charge or

Undecided

the Magistracy.

giving False

Total Number of Defendants.

Testimony.

J (1) 13

charge.

1

2 3 4

5 6 7

8 9 10

11

12

13

14

15 16

17

18

19

20

20

21

22

23

24

25

26 27

28

28

29

30

31

32

33

M. F. J.

M.

F. J. M.

F.

J.

M.

F.

J.

M.

F.

J.

M.

թ.

J.

M. F.

J.

M.

F.

M.

F.

Ꮭ

M.

F.

J.

M.

F.

Ꭻ .

1932.

125 133

11

39

16

1

68

256

16

1933.

276 259

3

97

2

30

48

437

7

1934.

521 535

10

3

81

O

16

22

1935,

402 367 29

49

H

22

1

Co

75

710 12

3

52

494

33

1936.

374 371

26

6

44

20

2

20

20

3

88

1

1

523

35

9

Total..

1,698 1,665 79

9 310 14

2

10

I

104

9

331

1

1

2,420 103

12

Average

per

339.6 333 15.8 1.8

62

2.8

.4

.2

2.8

1.8

66.2

.2

.2

T

I

484

26

26

24

Year.

M. = Male.

F.-Female.

J.Juvenile.

J (1) 14

www.

Table VIII.

SMALL DEBTS COURT.

Cases heard

Writs of Execution

Table IX.

1935.

1936.

96

51

50

25

CORONER'S RETURN FOR THE YEAR 1936.

Number of Burial Orders issued.

Number of Death Number of Death

Enquires held

with Jury.

Enquiries held

without Jury.

Nil.

Nil.

t

Table X.

Amount of

Premia,

Fees, &c.

Amount

paid for

Resumption of Land.

Term of

Years,

No. of Sales,

Area

Increase of

Permits,

Headings.

Licences,

No. of

Lots.

in

Crown

Acres.

Rent.

Decrease of

Crown

Rent.

etc.

J (1) 15 —-

C.

C..

Land sales for Buildings (a) to

local villagers

29

29

Land sales for Buildings (b) to

non-local persons

15

15

23

.65

50.00

:

1.33

201.50

Land sales for Agriculture (a) lo local villagers

8

8

2.60

3.30

Land sales for Agriculture (b) to

non-local persons

5

LO

4.47

4.70

Land sales for Orchard (a) to

local villagers

:

:.

:

C.

1,136.00

2,184.90

4.67.00

884.00

:

c.

75

75

2 2 2 2

75

75

:

:

Land sales for Orchard (b) to

non-local persons

Conversion

25

25

Stone Quarry Leases

5

3 205

Permits to occupy Lands (5 years)}

4

"

(Annual)

117

Matshed Permits on Crown Land.

709

Bathing Matshed Permits

234

Permits for Temporary Structures

on Private Lands

197

Earth and Stone Permits

126

Forestry Licences

121

Pineapple Licences

315

Deeds Registration Fees.

1,007

Resumption

Re-entries

Surrenders

Miscellaneous Licences.

113

Permits

Fish Pond Leases

158

3

: : : : : : :⠀

8.08

28.00

28.00

.77

110.50

1,364.00

83.90

4.29

375.00

75

75

1

7.90

58.00

64.06

359.30

6.58

890.60

POHA

5

1

1

2.06

5,932.55

1

1.88

874.00

1

616.50

13,316.09

2,411.80

1

196.62

568.97

1,336.60

10

105

4.65

79.92

2,615.86

42

***

24.62

1,078.76

37

1.58

15.42

248.00

400.75

67.20

115

Appendix K.

REPORT OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL OF POLICE

FOR THE YEAR 1936.

GENERAL.

1. 1936 was a comparatively quiet year. There was a welcome reduction in the type of serious crime classed as Outrages--89 cases reported as against 102 in 1935. This was the smallest number since 1931. No piracies on steamers were reported.

2. Trade and industry were dull and unemployment was high, both in Kwangtung and in Hong Kong. Both factors fostered in Hong Kong a large number of persons desperate for a means of livelihood. Sheer poverty drove many to theft. The number of saloons for playing mah jongg and the number of opium divans increased. These acted as a temptation to many to commit petty crime, in order to obtain gamble or to smoke opium.

money to

3. The intensive measures adopted in Canton, after the political turnover in September, for the suppression of gambling and opium smoking, deprived hundreds of employees of gambling saloons and opium divans of employment, and also caused the dispersal of a large number of bad characters who used to frequent these institutions.

4. These conditions were reflected in Hong Kong by a very large, if not an alarming, increase in all forms of larceny. The figures are 50% higher than those for 1935. The figures are disquieting, but it is satisfactory to record that the members of the Force have worked diligently to meet the increase. Their work has increased 50% under these heads, and they have secured even a higher percentage of arrests and convictions in 1936 than in 1935. Members of all contingents have contributed to this result.

5. The total number of cases of serious crime was 9,038 as against 6,373 in 1935. The value of the property stolen ($303,497) was considerably less than in 1935 ($576,203).

6. The Courts and Prison have failed to stem the increase in minor serious crime. The number of persons convicted for breaches of the Deportation Ordinance suggests that punish- ments for these offences are not sufficient deterrent.

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7. The year was free from any important labour or industrial disputes. The visits of several distinguished persons on various occasions called for special Police services and precautions which contributed to prevent any untoward incidents:

8. The returns for Musketry and Revolver Courses showed some improvement in marksmanship in the various contingents. in 1936. The good standard set in First Aid and Life Saving in previous years was well maintained.

9. In December 1935, Mr. D. Burlingham, Divisional Superintendent, was invalided from the Force. In May 1936, Mr. L. H. V. Booth, Divisional Superintendent, proceeded on leave. He had not been in good health. Upon medical advice in England, Mr. Booth retired from the Service upon expiration of his leave. He had been Director of the Criminal Investiga- tion Department for a considerable time, an office in which he displayed conspicuous ability. The loss of two senior officers in a small cadre has been a severe handicap and has thrown additional work and responsibility on junior officers.

10. No new buildings or reconstruction were undertaken during the year, except that a start was made in December on the new Sub-Station at Ta Ku Ling: There are still several reconstructions and extensions which are urgently needed.

11. In accordance with Government instructions ten Probationary Chinese Sub-Inspectors were recruited in Septem- her. Effort was made to secure a younger and better type of candidate than those recruited in 1933. The Probationers entered the Police Training School to undergo a course of train- ing in all branches of Police work. It is hoped that these officers may later be able to undertake some of the supervisory work at present carried out by European officers. One recruit deserted three days after engagement.

12. Instruction of the Police Force in Anti-Gas measures was commenced in February 1936. Full details are giveň in the report of the Principal of the Police Training School.

13. During the year, tên Indian Special Guards were replaced by recruitment of Indian Police, in accordance with the decision approved in 1935. Twelve Guards remain to be similarly replaced.

14. On various occasions during the year the Hong Kong Police received valued assistance and co-operation from officers of the Bureau of Public Safety for Kwangtung and from Chinese officials and officers administering territory adjacent to the British border. I take this opportunity to acknowledge my grateful appreciation of these services.

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SPECIAL EVENTS.

15. Return of the late Mr. Hu Han Min.--The late Mr. Hu Han Min, Elected Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Central Kuomintang Executive Council, arrived in the Colony on January 19th, 1936, on his way from Europe to Nanking.

16. Many prominent Chinese civil and military Officials, including Marshal Chen Chi Tang, travelled to the Colony from Canton to welcome him. Various functions were arranged and extra police precautions were taken.

17. House Collapse On the morning of the 19th January, 1936, at about 9 a.m. a collapse, with fatal results, occurred at the premises of Nos. 2, 4 and 6, Woosung Street, Kowloon. The collapse was due to overstacking of material on the roofs of these houses which, although under demolition, were in part tenanted. The roofs and other floors telescoped to ground level.

18. Rescue work was immediately undertaken by Police and Fire Brigade Officers, resulting in the rescue of 8 persons. Total casualties were 8 persons killed and 7 injured.

19. New No. 1 Police Launch.-On March 9th, a new cruising launch was launched at Taikoo Dock by Mrs. G. F. Hole, wife of the Honourable Harbour Master. The dimensions of the new launch are 141′ × 23′ 6′′, with a maximum draught of 77" forward and 10′ 3′′ aft.

20. This launch was completed and put into commission on the Sai Kung Beat on June 1st. The vessel marks a great advance on other police cruising launches.

21. Departure of Sir Thomas Southorn.-On May 2nd, the Honourable Colonial Sercetary, Sir Thomas Southorn, K.B.E., C.M.G., left the Colony on his appointment as Governor of the Gambia.

22. A Guard of Honour composed of officers from the European, Indian and Chinese Contingents of the Hong Kong Police was drawn up at Queen's Pier under the command of A.S.P. Mr. L.H.C. Calthrop.

23. A cablegram from Sir Thomas was received from s.s. "Carthage" congratulating the Guard of Honour on their efficiency. This was the first occasion the Police Force had provided an official guard of honour.

24. Bisley Prize meeting.—17 members of the European and Indian Contingents, including 4 Superintendents, participated in the Hong Kong Rifle Association Bisley Prize meeting with conspicuous success.

1

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25. L.S. A42 Russell won the Open Individual Revolver Shoot with P.C. B71 Amar Singh as Runner Up.

26. Medals and prizes were won by Police entrants in all entered competitions, with the exception of the Inter-Imperial. and Police Forces Competitions.

27. Police competitors won a total of 25 medals, which were presented by H.E. Sir Andrew Caldecott, Kt., C.M.G., C.B.E., at the conclusion of the Meeting on May 4th, 1936.

28. King's Birthday Parade. On the occasion of the Birthday of H.M. The King on June 23rd a ceremonial review of the Services in the Colony was held at Happy Valley by H.E.

The Governor.

29. A detachment from the Hong Kong Police and Police Reserve of three companies of thirty files each, under nine officers, took part in the review for the first time.

30. The first Company was composed of an equal number of files of European, Northern Chinese and Indian police.

31. The second Company consisted of Cantonese and Northern Chinese police.

32. The third Company was drawn from the Chinese and Indian members of the Hong Kong Police Reserve.

33. The detachment was under the command of Mr. W. La B. Sparrow, (Superintendent of Police).

34. Governor's Presentation of Medals.-H.E. Sir Andrew Caldecott, Kt., C.M.G., C.B.E., accompanied by Capt. W.J.R. Cragg, A.D.C., honoured the force by presenting médals at Police Headquarters on Monday June 29th, at 17.30 hours, and again on Friday, November 27th, 1936, at 16.00 hours.

35. On the first occasion the following medals awarded in 1934 were presented by H.E. the Governor-

2nd Class Medals-2.

4th Class Medals-6.

Thirteen officers were commended by His Excellency for services rendered. Revolver and Musketry Awards, together with Proficiency Certificates for Life Saving, won in 1934, were also presented.

36. On the second occasion the following medals awarded in 1935 were presented by H:E. the Governor:

Colonial Police Medals-5.

4th Class Medal-1.

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P.C. E23 S.P. Dometz was presented with The Royal Humane Society's Honorary Testimonial on Vellum for the rescue of a Chinese female from drowning at Singapore on the 17th March, 1936.

Five officers received commendations.

37. Shooting Incident.-On Sunday, July 26th about 17.10 hours Indian Police Constable B90 Bhag Singh, armed with his service rifle, ran amok at Central Police Station. He fatally shot Indian Police Constable B695 Sahib Singh.

38. Constable B90 Bhag Singh was tackled and disarmed by Indian Police Constable B255 Bakhtawar Singh, who acted with great pluck and presence of mind. He was later granted the Hong Kong Police Silver Medal for bravery. Constable B90 Bhag Singh was subsequently tried for murder, and sentenced to death by His Honour the Chief Justice.

39. Floods at Un Long.-Serious floods were experienced at Un Long and Castle Peak in the New Territories on July 26th and many motorists were left stranded on the roads. Bus services were suspended. The floods were, however, unattended by any loss of life.

40. Typhoon damage.-On August 17th the Colony was visited by a severe typhoon attended by considerable loss of life and damage to property. The s.s. "Sunning" went ashore and was wrecked at Tiu Keng Wan, Junk Bay. No. 1 Police launch, which was first on the scene, was able to render great assistance in rescue work. This was carried out under trying and dangerous conditions. The operation reflected great credit on the officers and crew of the launch. No lives were lost in the disaster.

41. The roof of No. 35 Jardine's Bazaar collapsed during the typhoon causing the loss of two lives and injuries to ten other persons.

42. A party of students, who had taken shelter in a Nullah at Babington Path, were overcome by the rush of storin water and washed out to sea, seven of them being drowned.

43. A large matshed accommodating 150 persons was blown away at Stanley, three persons being killed.

44. Rescue work was carried out by Police throughout the Colony during the typhoon.

45. 24 unknown persons were killed or drowned; 45 persons were injured and 7 persons reported missing. After the typhoon 51 more bodies were picked up or washed ashore.

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46. A letter of commendation of all ranks of the Force for their services was received from H.E. the Governor. The Officers and Crews of Nos. 1,3 and 4 Police Launches together with the Officers in Charge, and staff of Stanley and Tsun Wan Police Stations received special mention.

47. Fire at Cheung Chau.-On September 19th a large and disastrous fire broke out at Cheung Chau Island. Twenty-three houses and shops were burnt to the ground.

48. Visit of H.E. the Chairman of the Kwang Tung Provincial Government and His Honour the Mayor of Canton.- A visit to the Colony was paid by His Excellency General Huang Mu-sung, the Chairman of the Kwang Tung Provincial Government and His Honour Mr. Tseng Yang-fu, the Mayor of Canton, accompanied by their staff. The party arrived on Wednesday, November 4th, and remained until Friday, Novem- ber 6th.

49. During the visit various functions were arranged including a visit on November 4th to the Shing Mun Reservior.

50. Special Police arrangements were made for the various functions and the visit passed off without incident.

51. Expressions of congratulation on the success of Police arrangements were received from His Excellency the Governor and His Honour the Mayor of Canton.

52. Safety First Campaign.-The Safety First Campaign was held from November 23rd to November 30th.

53. The Campaign itself consisted in the main of distribution of several types of pamphlets, containing Safety First Hints, slogans and pictures illustrating some of the more common faults committed by both pedestrians and drivers; instructions by Police to pedestrians and drivers, lectures in public places, the broadcasting of speeches both in English and Chinese, the displaying of pictorial posters, the showing of Safety First films, the use of a loudspeaker van and the erection of fences to keep people on pavements.

54. A new miniature Safety First film was made which was shown in public places and in all the chief schools, both English and Chinese. The loudspeaker van was also very useful for giving running commentaries on the miniature film. The two large Safety First films were shown in Hong Kong and Kowloon cinemas during the week and Safety First Slides were also shown amongst the advertisements.

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55. Various private firms co-operated by displaying posters and distributing booklets on Safety First matter, but a greater measure of public co-operation is still required. Fences were erected in Queen's Road Central and East, and also in Nathan Road, Kowloon, with a view to teaching pedestrians to walk on the footpath and not in the road.

56. The co-operation of the Press was most valuable in publishing both articles and pictures dealing with Safety First.

SPECIAL EVENTS (CRIME).

57. Seizure of Coining Machinery-On the 5th February, 1936, a raid was carried out at 64, Wai Ching Street, 1st floor. In the front cubicle of the floor Police found machinery and other paraphernalia for the making of counterfeit Hong Kong five cent pieces. The occupant of the floor was arrested and charged. At the April Criminal Sessions he was sentenced to 4 years' imprisonment with Hard Labour.

58. Murder and Suicide.-On the 18th February, 1936, following a report made at Tai Po Police Station, Police visited the 1st floor of an unnumbered house on the Main Road at Tai Po. The staircase door leading to the floor was bolted on the inside and the door had to be forced. Inside were found the decomposed bodies of an entire family, i.e., the parents and their three female children aged 12, 10 and 8 years respectively. A letter was found on the floor addressed to the Police, which indicated that the writer and his wife, owing to illness, were taking their own lives and the lives of their children. At the Post Mortem examination it was found that all had died from the effects of Poisoning. Subsequent Police enquiries confirmed the information conveyed in the letter.

59. Bomb Explosion.-On the night of the 18th June, 1936, a bomb exploded in the porch of the British American Tailoring Co. at No. 261 Des Voeux Road Central. Two street coolies who were sleeping in the porch at the time of the explosion were injured, one very seriously, and two female passers-by were also slightly injured. All the injured persons were removed to the Government Civil Hospital where three days later the severely injured man died. At the Coroner's inquiry a verdict of "Manslaughter against some person or persons unknown" was recorded. Police have been unable to establish the identity of the person who threw the bomb.

60. Highway Robbery with Violence.-In the early morning of the 6th July, 1936, three European males engaged a taxi in Nathan Road, Kowloon, and directed the driver to drive along the Castle Peak Road. When between the 5th and 6th milestones one of the Europeans spoke to the driver who stopped the taxi. After some consultation among themselves

K 8 -

the three Europeans brutally assaulted the taxi driver and stole from his person money and personal property to the value of $21.30. The driver, who was rendered unconscious, reported the matter at the Sham Shui Po Police Station about 24 hours later. Police enquiries were instituted which resulted in three soldiers being arrested and charged with the crime.

61. At the August Criminal Sessions, two of the prisoners were sentenced to 2 years' imprisonment with hard labour each and the other to 18 months' hard labour.

.

62. Murder. On the afternoon of the 26th July, 1936, four Indian Policemen were squatting on the verandah of their quarters at Central Police Station playing cards when a shot was fired They looked up and saw an Indian Policeman, P.C. B90 Bhag Singh, pointing a smoking rifle in their direction. One of their number, P.C. B695 Sahib Singh, fell and several shots were heard. Another Indian, P.C. B255 Bakhtawar Singh, in a nearby room realising what was taking place crept up on P.C. B90 from the rear and held his arms till others came to his assistance and P.C. B90 was disarmed. The man who fell, P.C. B695 Sahib Singh, died almost immediately from a gunshot wound in the neck.

63. At the September Criminal Sessions, P.C. B90 Bhag Singh was found guilty of murder. The sentence of death passed upon him was later commuted to one of penal servitude for life by H.E. the Governor.

64. Armed Robbery. On the early morning of 22nd September, 1936, four Northern Chinese robbers with knives and a pistol gained admittance to the floor of Mr. Yu Sze Chau, a wealthy contractor, residing at No. 229 Nathan Road, Kowloon. After threatening the inmates with their weapons, they stole money and jewellery valued at over $1,000.00 and made good their escape. Later the same day Police arrested the robber leader on a ship leaving for Shanghai. Three other arrests followed and the property was recovered.

65. At November Criminal Sessions two robbers were sentenced to four years' and three years' imprisonment with hard labour respectively. The other two robbers were convicted summarily for receiving stolen property.

66. Armed Highway Robbery-On the morning of 27th September, 1936, Mr. Peacock, Storehouseman of the Naval Yard,. was walking along a hillside path above Ngau Shi Wan, Kowloon City district, with his wife and two young children when they were attacked by two armed robbers, one of whom fired three shots at Mr. Peacock wounding him slightly in the. leg and bruising his chest. The robber then stole his watch, ring and money whilst the other threatened Mrs. Peacock with a scissor blade and stole her watch, rings and other articles.

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Both robbers made their escape. As a result of Police investigations one of the robbers was subsequently arrested and charged with the crime. At January Criminal Sessions, 1937, he was sentenced to seven years' imprisonment with hard labour.

67. Murder.—At about 1 a.m. on the 9th September, 1936, an Indian Police Guard, named Mahmud Khan No. 456, who was employed at the Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, was waylaid in Pokfulam Road at a point where a path leads from the road to Kennedy Town, below the Christian Cemetery. His assailants strangled him with a rope, and it would appear that deceased resisted, but was finally overpowered. It is evident that more than one man participated in this murder. Police inquiries are still continuing in this affair.

CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION BRANCH

cases

68. Summary of Crime.-The total number of (except summonses) dealt with by the Police during 1936 was 46,587 as against 39,373 in 1935, being an increase of 7,214 or 18%-

69. There were 9,038 serious crimes in 1936 as against 6,373 in 1935, an increase of 2,665 or 41%. There were increases in the following:-

Assault (serious)

Assault with intent to rob Burglary

Coinage Offences

Deportation

Embezzlement

House and Godown breaking

Larceny

Larceny on Ship and Wharf

17 cases.

9

32

36

">

6

97

11

19

72

21

2,355

''

25

Manslaughter

Murder

False Pretences

1 case.

2 cases.

23

21

Receiving

113

">

Other serious offences

13

2

The decreases were:

Arms

Intimidation

Kidnapping

14 cases.

4

3

29

""

Larceny from Dwelling

57

19

Women & Girls Ord. (Offences)

10

>>

Robbery

27

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There were 65 cases of robbery distributed as follows:

Hong Kong Island

Kowloon

New Territory (South)

New Territory (North)

22 cases.

31

"

1 case.

11 cases.

70. The following table indicates the number of serious crimes for the whole Colony, 1931-1936.

Value of Value of

Year.

Charge No Charge Total No.

cases.

cases.

of cases.

property stolen.

property recovered.

1931

2,784

2,502

5,286.

$552,273 $ 85,910

1932

3,234

2,509

5.743

735,065 73,021

1933

3,377

2,253

5,630

764,492 67,469

1934

3,480

2,069

5,549

363,436

50,551

1935

4,322

2,051

6,373

576,203

42,704

1936

6,234

2,804

9,038

303,497 69,739

71. The following table indicates the number of crimes, classified as outrages, which have been reported to the Police during the last 5 years. It is satisfactory to note this decrease in the number reported.

Year Hong Kong Kowloon N.T.N.

N.T.S.

Total

1932

37

49

15.

105

1933

30

37

21

94

1934

28

43

20

4

95

1935

27

37

34

4

102

1936

27

40

16

.6

89

See graph on page 11.

C

18

15

L

1935

12

1934

• me..

9

1936

3

GRAPH SHOWING OUTRAGES FOR 1984-5-6.

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JAN.

FEB.

MAR.

APR.

MAY JUNE

JULY

AUG. SEPT. OCT.

NOV

DEC.

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72. There were 37,549 minor cases in 1936 as against 33,000 in 1935, an increase of 4,549 or 13%.

PROPERTY REPORTED STOLEN AND PROPERTY RECOVERED.

73. The estimated value of property stolen during the year 1936 was $303,497 as against $576,202 in 1935, a decrease of $272,705 or 47%. The average for the last 5 years is $548,538. The value of property recovered during the year was $69,739 or 22% of the property reported stolen as against $42,703 or 7.4% of the property stolen in 1935.

LOST PROPERTY.

74. A summary of the number of articles lost and recovered during the year, with their value, is given below:

--

Year.

Articles reported lost.

Value lost.

Articles recovered or found, but not reported lost.

Value of articles found.

1935

362 $27,459

117

$ 1,718

1936

308

$36.372

70

$

719.

ARMS.

75. There were fifty-three seizures of arms during the year, of which forty-two were "charge"

'charge' cases and eleven were "no charge" cases. The figures for 1935 were forty-two and fifteen respectively.

76. There were no seizures of note during the year. Table VI gives details of arms and ammunition seized.

GAMBLING

77. There were one hundred and nine successful gambling raids during the year 1936, as against one hundred and ten in 1935. There was one case in which no conviction was obtained.

There were sixteen successful lottery raids compared with forty-three in 1935. Convictions were obtained in all cases.

CRIMINAL SESSIONS CASES.

78. During 1936 there were one hundred and fourteen cases in which convictions were obtained at the Criminal Sessions, as against one hundred in 1935 and sixty-five in 1934,

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DEPORTATION OFFICE.

79. Table IV gives the number of persons dealt with by the Deportation Office during the year. A general increase of 1795 is shown. This is largely due to the increased number of Gaol discharges dealt with.

MISSING CHILDREN.

80. During the year 231 children under the age of 15 years were reported missing. Of this number 160 have been found, mostly strayed or run away from home. Of the remaining 71, 24 are believed to have run away from home.

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PIRACY..

81. There were no piracies of ships reported during the year.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.

82. The following table shows weights & measures examined during the year.

Weights & Measures examined.

1936

Correct

Incorrect Total

Foreign Scales

40

2

42

Chinese Scales

643

13

656

Yard Measures

48

48

Chinese Foot Measures

Total

731

15

746

83. The following Prosecutions were instituted under the Weights and Measures Ordinance.

Number of Cases.

11

Convictions.

11

DANGEROUS GOODS.

Fines.

$89.00

84. The following prosecutions were instituted under the Dangerous Goods Ordinance.

Number of Cases.

35

Convictions.

Fines.

35

$2,330.00

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www

SPECIAL BRANCH

85. There were no Communist demonstrations and no strikes or labour troubles due to communist agitation during the period under review.

86. A number of arrests were made in May and again in September of persons engaged in anti-Japanese activities.

Immigration and Passports Office.

87. During the year 1936, there were sixty-three persons of various nationalities, other than Chinese, put before the Courts for the following offences:-

Vagrancy

Stowaways

Passports

12.

·11.

40.

88. The number of destitutes dealt with during the year was thirty-four.

Registration of Persons Office.

89. During the year, 5,679 persons registered with this office, and 4,694 left the Colony. There were 22 convictions for breaches of the Ordinance. On 31st December, 1936, there were 5,822 registered aliens in the Colony.

FINGER PRINT DEPARTMENT.

90. A summary of work during 1936 is as follows:-

executed in this Department

Year.

No. of slips searched.

No. of

slips

No. of slips

No. of

returned

No. of records

traced.

filed.

Banishees.

added to

Bureau.

1936

15,704

4,698

16,017

882

11,819

1935. 13,264

3,699

15,556

770

8,817

Decrease

Increase 2,440

999

461

112

2,502

A new

91. During the year 21 returned banishees were discharged owing to the banishment order having been made on wrong form of warrant, i.e. Form 7 instead of Form 7A. These persons were later re-banished on correct warrants. Criminal Record filing system was commenced on 15. No. of C. R. files on 31. 12. 36. was 371. The total number of records on file was 151,789. (Checked in 1935).

10. 36

=

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PHOTOGRAPHIC SUB-DEPARTMENT,

92. The total number of photographs taken of scenes of serious crime and accidents throughout the year was thirty-four.

93. The number of copies of photographs issued was 2,536, made up as follows:

For Criminal Investigation Department ...1,879

For Police and Supreme Courts

For other Departments

CENSORSHIP OF CINEMATOGRAPH FILMS.

144

513

94. During the year, 5,353 reels and 323 trailers were censored at the Hong Kong Preview Studio. Forty-three reels were censored before the Appeal Board.

THE NEW TERRITORY.

95. There was a marked decrease in outrages during the year the number of cases being 16 as against 34 in 1935. Five cases were responsible for the death of 8 persons. There were 1 case of suspected murder, 11 cases of armed robbery and 1 of manslaughter (traffic).

96. It was established that at least 4 cases of armed robbery were perpetrated by gangs from Chinese Territory.

97. Early in the year the Hong Kong Police furnished the Canton Police with information upon which the Chinese Authorities kindly carried out raids in territory adjacent to the British border. This co-operation is highly appreciated and is, without doubt, largely responsible for the reduction in serious crime in British territory.

•

98. Another factor in this welcome result was

the appointment of eight additional detectives to the Territory early in the year.

99. On January 10th 1936 an attempted armed robbery occured at CHIU KANG Village-Sheung Shui-3 men were arrested and convicted.

100. On January 17th 1936 a Chinese woman was found murdered at her house at KWANTI Village, Sheung Shui District. A Chinese male arrested for the crime was subsequently discharged.

101. On January 24th 1936, 4 Chinese males robbed and murdered a P.. W. D. road coolie near Kwanti Village. No arrests:

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102. On March 30th 1936, a gang of robbers from Chinese Territory broke into two houses at SHA KONG Village, Ping Shan. The robbers opened fire with automatic pistols, wound- ing 3 of the occupants, two of whom subsequently died. By the co-operation of the Chinese Military Authorities at Shum Chun, a number of the gang were arrested. Three were sub- sequently executed, and the remainder received long terms of imprisonment.

103. On December 27th 1936, a Chinese woman was found strangled in her house in Taipo, Market. Her adopted son was arrested and charged with the crime. (Subsequently convicted in 1937).

104. During the year there were 5 cases of possession of arms in which 9 loaded revolvers were seized and 10 Chinese males convicted.

105. On April 24th 1936, a Chinese male was arrested and convicted of possession of 1,048 unsigned, banknotes of the Bank of China stolen during the piracy of the S. S. TUNG CHOW on January 29th 1935.

106. Consequent on the political reorganisation at Canton in September, the gambling houses at Shum Chun were closed by order of the Nanking Government. A number of changes occurred in the Magistracy and police staffs at Nam Tau, Shum Chun and Sha Tau Kok Chinese Territory. Good relations were maintained with the Chinese Authorities at these centres and with the military at Shum Chun, Chinese Territory.

107. The smuggling of goods into Chinese Territory dropped. off considerably during the year.

108. Minor crime increased during the year. There were

· 229 cases and 173 convictions, as against 153 cases and 106 convictions in 1935. There was a marked improvement in the work of Detectives.

109. Work was commenced on the new Police Station at Ta Ku Ling in December, 1936.

110. A search light was temporarily installed at Lok Ma Chau Police Station.

111. The year was marked by an increase of sickness among the Police. There were 162 cases of fever as against 83 in 1935. Sha Tau Kok, Sheung Shui, Ping Shan, and Castle Peak Stations were the districts particularly affected.

were

112. The discipline of all ranks was good.

113. The duties of Traffic Inspector, New Territory North taken over by the Divisional Inspector, North during

November.

.

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114. Towards the end of the year, the mine at Lin Ma Hang was re-opened under European Management.

115. The typhoon of August caused extensive flooding and damage to trees and crops. All roads were badly blocked.

8 deaths were reported.

116. The presence of a tiger was reported in the early months of the year. With the exception of a few reported instances of cattle and pigs being mauled, it did no serious damage, and disappeared after some weeks.

ESTABLISHMENT RETURN

117. Return showing the Establishment and Casualties in the Force during the year 1936:

Nationality.

Establishment of the Force.

Enlistments.

Deaths.

Resignations

through

sickness.

Resignations through expiry

of terms of

service or

otherwise.

Desertions.

Dismissals or

Total number of Casualties.

Europeans

265

12

4

LO

5

4

2

Indians

803 109

LO

5

16

26

6

5 335

15

Chinese ........

1,014

59

8

13

19

25

65

Water Police

255

18

7

1

כא

3

12

212

Total 2,337 198

18

41

50

This number includes the Police paid by other Departments, also the Engineers, Coxswains, Stokers and Seamen, but it is exclusive of:-

3

7

2

1

2

3 37 10

77

149

Coolies.

3386

145

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118. ACTUAL STRENGTH ON THE 31st DECEMBER, 1936.

1

Europeans Europeans Indians.

Chinese. Total.

Present

235

732

984

1,951

Sick or Absent on

leave

31

60

17

108

Excess over

Estimates

1

Vacancies

6

17

23

Total

267

792

1.001

2,060*

*Not including Water Police.

CONDUCT.

119. The conduct of the European Contingent was good. The total number of reports against them was 51 as against 58 in 1935.

The conduct of the Indian Contingent showed an improve- ment. There were 519 reports as against 721 in 1935.

The conduct of the Chinese Contingent (Cantonese) was less satisfactory than in 1935. There were 1201 reports as against 968 in 1935.

The behaviour of the Chinese Contingent (Wei Hai Wei). was good. There were 182 reports as against 281 in 1935.

The conduct of the Water Police was very fair. There were 435 reports in 1936 as compared with 320 in 1935.

HEALTH.

120. Admissions to hospitals during the past three years are as follows:

1934

1935

1936

Nationality.

ment.

Establish- Admis- Establish- Admis-

sion.

ment.

Establish- Admis-

sion.

ment.

sion.

Europeans

256

164

261

159

265

221

Indians

741

617

776

540

803

746

Chinese

950

223

978

322

1,014

389:

K 19

There was a considerable increase in sickness ainong members of the Force.

121. The figures for fever among Police in the New Territories during the last four years are:

1933

1934

1935

1936

126 cases.

150

105

183

MUSKETRY COURSES.

122. The following tables gives the results of the Musketry Courses fired during the year.

The following indicates the classification used:-

Marksmen 75%, 1st class 60%. 2nd class 50%, and failures, less than 50%, of the total possible obtainable.

Results.

No. of

Contingent. Month.

men

fired.

Marksmen.

1st Class.

2nd Class.

Failures.

Rounds used

(Approx.)

European

January.

219

38

86

74 | 20

Indians

February.

683

119 358 185

7,500

21 26,500

Wei Hai Wei ... February.

Indian Guards... February.

Russians

209

26 106 .66 11

70 27 24

January.

14. Nil.

8 99 00

8,000

18

1

3,000

3

A

400

GREENER GUN COURSES,

123. Greener Gun Courses were held during the year with the following results.

Results.

No. of

Department. Month.

men

fired..

Passed. Failed.

Rounds used.

Chinese

Water Police...[March.

59

59

Nil.

300

Indian Guards,

Gaol Staff ...... September

36

36

Nil.

120

- K 20-

REVOLVER COURSES.

124. The following Revolver Courses were fired during the

year:

Results.

Contingent.

Month.

No. of persons fired.

Rounds

Passed Failed

used. (approx.)

June.

228 include 10

Europeans

October.

226 include 10

Superintendents. 227

Superintendents. 226 Nil

· 7,000

7,000

November

31.

No Supts.

31

Nil

700

March.

17.

16

1

500

Russians

September

39.

36

3

900

March.

656.

656

Nil

17,100

Indians

July.

655.

655

Nil

17,100

October.

202.

202

Nil

5,200

March.

84.

84

Nil

2,000

Indian Guards

July.

84.

83

1

2,000

October.

19.

19 Nil

500

May.

663.

662

1

17,000

Cantonese

September

683.

682

1

17,000

October.

254.

254

Nil

6,500

May.

236.

234 2

5,900

Wei Hai Wei

September

276.

275

1

6,000

October.

64.

64

Nil

1,600

April.

65.

64

1

1,600

Water Police

September

64.

64

Nil

1,600

October.

41.

41 Nil

1,000

NOTE. 1-All failures in the first and second Courses refired

a course.

NOTE. 2. The 3rd Course was fired by all Contingents who failed to reach a certain standard in the first and second Courses. (Approximately 60%).

- K 21

125. The following were the winners of the Rifle and Revolver Championship for the year 1936:

European Rifle Championship........L.S.A. 112 Crossman. Indian Rifle Championship..

Wei Hai Wei Rifle European Revolver

Indian

Chinese

""

21

Wei Hai Wei

"

JJ

.Cpl. B. 763 Charan Singh. .P.C.D. 288 Tsung Shu Chu. .Sub Insp. Ritchie.

.Cpl. B. 573 Puran Singh. .P.C.C. 144 Lo Yuet Wah. .P.C.D. 167 Miao Chow Pao.

REVOLVER COURSES (OTHER DEPARTMENTS)

126. The following Courses were fired during the Year.

No. of

Results.

Department. Month.

Rounds

men

used.

fired.

Passed Failed

District

Watchmen ... April.

129

113

16

3,100

European

Revenue

Officers

November.

11

11

Nil.

350

European

Warders

November.

27

27

Nil.

650

Indian

Warders

October.

59

47

12

1,500

European

Officers

Fire Brigade..October.

10

10

Nil.

250

Chinese

Revenue Officers

October.

18

14

350

POLICE TRAINING SCHOOL.

127. During the year the following number of recruits were passed out of the School:

European Police

Indian

وو

Cantonese

""

Wei-hai-wei

>>

Russian

District Watchmen

Seamen

17

40

49

25

7

14

13

-K 22

128. Five promotion examinations were held in 1936.

129. Special training was given to fifteen Chinese Probationary detectives. One hundred and sixty "D" Con- tingent Anti-Piracy Guards were given "Refresher Course". Twenty-five Indian and Chinese members of the Police Reserve were trained in Knowledge of Police Duties and nine passed. Seventeen members of the "E" (Russian) Contingent returned to P.T.S. for a "Refresher Course". Nine "E" (Russian) Constables underwent a course in English Colloquial and all qualified. A large number of Police were trained in Anti Gas drill and precautions.

FIRST AID.

130. The following table shows the number of men in each Contingent who attended First Aid Classes and obtained 1st or 2nd Certificates during the year ending 31st. December, 1936:

Contingent.

First Certificate.

Second Certificate.

Europeans.

16

26

Indians.

47

85

Cantonese.

41

Wei-hai-wei.

25

40

Total

129

151

131. The following shows the number of men in each Contingent who have qualified in First Aid or otherwise on or before 31st, December, 1936:-

Contingent.

Total 1st Strength Certs.

2nd

3rd

Certs.

Certs.

No Certs. (Recruits).

Europeans.

266

96

155

3

12

Indians.

797

237

501

*59

Cantonese.

713

264

433

16

Wei-hai-wei.

290

184

106

Total

2,066

781

1,195

87

K 23-

132. In February, the Military Authorities kindly detailed one officer and a non-commissioned officer to train certain European and Indian members of the Force as Anti-Gas Instructors. Fifteen officers were so trained. Four Chinese Interpreters and eight non-commissioned officers of the Chinese Police were then trained as Instructors. The general training of the Force was then put in hand. Up to December 31st, 1936, the total number trained was as follows:

The

European Police

Indian

Chinese

>>

Female Searchers Station Coolies

Total

215

250

368

4

36

873

133. The course of training is spread over four days. first three days are occupied with instruction in characteristics and effects of Gases, respirators and their use, protective equipment, decontamination of clothing and allied matters. On the fourth day the candidates are tested by a European officer, and given practical demonstration in a Gas filled chamber.

The nature of War Gases and their effects is now included in all First Aid lectures to Police.

134. In future, instruction in Anti Gas drill will be included as part of the training at the Police Training School.

LIFE SAVING CLASSES.

135. Instructional classes in Life Saving were held during the Summer with successful results.

136. The Commodore again kindly granted facilities for practices and tests to be held off Stonecutters Island.

Contingents.

Indian

Cantonese

Wei-hai-wei

RESULTS.

Certificate & Bronze Medallion.

12

1

4

Total....

17

:

B

:

:

K 24

137. The total number of officers now holding awards for proficiency in life saving is:-

Chinese Indian

Europeans Indians Chinese

Police Reserve

Police Reserve

Total

35

.83

15

6

148

138. Sub-Inspector R. J. Hunt was

instructor to the classes. He was ably assisted by Sub-Inspector Ali Mohamed and P.S.B. 535 Baboo Khan.

GUARDS OFFICE.

139. Return showing the Establishment and Casualties during the year 1936:-

Nationality.

Establishment.

Enlistment

Death.

Resignation.

Dismissal.

• Invalided.

Total Casualties.

31.12.1936.

Strength on

Russian Guards

Indian Special Guards .

Chinese (Wei Hai Wei)

Guards

41*

8

1

1

74

10

1.

27

74

108+

Indian Police Watchmer ‡ 115

Chinese (Cantonese)

Watchmen

20

1

|

3

41

28

76.

1

1

2

121

6 119

9

2

136

453

20

1

9

5

15

35

Total

153

9 156

16

3 184

726

* Includes three attached to the Criminal Investigation Department, Police Headquarters, and an increase of four Lance Sergeants for Messrs. Butterfield & Swire's Anti-Piracy Guards.

+ Interchangeable with and drawn from regular duties, and increased by fourteen men (additional) for Messrs. Butterfield & Swire's Anti-Piracy Guards.

No fixed establishment; recruited as required.

7

- K 25 -

140. Anti-Piracy Work.-Twenty-six units of Anti-Piracy Guards of one European Sergeant and nine Indian Special Guards each, were supplied to the British India Steam Naviga- tion Company, and twelve units to the Indo-China Steam Navigation Company, on the Hong Kong-Singapore run.

141 Twenty-two units of one British Sergeant and twelve Russian Guards each were supplied to the Canadian Pacific Steamship Company on the Hong Kong-Shanghai run.

During the annual overhaul of the Canadian Pacific vessels, the Russian guards normally employed by the Company were drafted temporarily to the Police Training School for refresher courses.

142 The China Navigation Company retained permanent guards of one Russian Sergeant and six Wei Hai Wei men each seventeen vessels between Shanghai, Hong Kong and Singapore. This Company retained altogether nineteen full units for this work to enable reliefs to be carried out.

on

143. The Indo China Steam Navigation Company retained permanent guards of one Russian Sergeant and four Wei Hai Wei men each on two vessels between Hong Kong and Shanghai.

144. Conduct.-Discipline throughout the year was satisfac- tory and showed improvement on 1935.

(a) Russian Contingent: There were eight defaulters as

against nine during 1935.

(b) Special Guards: Twenty-eight defaulters as against

thirty-two during 1935.

Wei Hai Wei Contingent: Thirty defaulters as against

sixty-seven during 1935.

(d) Police Watchmen:

Three hundred and twenty-three defaulters as against three hundred and twenty-five during 1935.

MENDICANTS

145. During the year, 902 mendicants were dealt with by the Police, and repatriated at a cost of $921.65.

Of this number 596 were charged and convicted before the Courts.

- K.26

146. The figures for the past five years were:-

1932 1933

1934

1935

1936

Dealt with

807

774

665

654

902

Convicted

447

619

295

259

596

Banished

26

80

80

99

99

Of the total number sent away 82 were traced as having been sent away previously.

In addition to above, 99 (same figure as in 1935) persistent beggars were banished from the Colony for 10 years.

DEAD BODIES.

147. The following table shows the number of unknown dead bodies found by Police in the streets and elsewhere during the last five years:

Locality.

1932

1933 1934

1935

1936

Victoria

382

357

289

214

270

Kowloon

884

881

679

708

690

Harbour

79

47

27

52

46

Elsewhere

82

62

61

64

85

Total

1,427

1,347 1,056 1,038

1,091

www.

K 27

Sex.

1932

1933

1934

1935

1936

(Male

40

15

19

4

4

Adults.

Female

13

10

3

2

5

Unknown

6

1

1

(Male

713

722

564

544

573

Children. Female

614

558

444

444

480

Unknown

41

41

26

44

28

Total

1,427 1,347 1,056 1,038

1,091

DOGS, HYDROPHOBIA AND RABIES.

There was one case

148. As a precaution against rabies, the muzzling order was rigidly enforced throughout the year. of rabies in Sheung Shui, New Territory.

1935.

1936.

Hong Kong| & Kowloon

New Territory

Total

Hong Kong

New & Kowloon Territory

Total

Dogs licensed

3,525

689

4,214

3,093

497

3,590

Dogs licensed (free).

33

385

418

40

260

300

Dogs impounded

135

9

144

69

69

Dogs destroyed

171

331

502

56

197

253

LICENCES.

149. Table VII shows the number of different licences

issued during the year.

'

K 28.-

TRAFFIC.

150. The following prosecutions were instituted under the Traffic Regulations (Section 3, Ordinance 40 of 1912):

Year

Prosecu- Convic- With-

tions.

tions.

Dis- drawn. charged.

Remanded.

Total amount of fines.

1936

7,679

7,241

290

113

35

$28,238.45 :

1935

7,538

7,011

231

283

13

$32,115.04

MANSLAUGHTER.

1936

N

1

1935

2

1

1

151. The total number of accidents reported during the year was 2,483 as against 2,428 in the year 1935. The total number of persons killed was 75, as against 69 in the year 1935. There was only one conviction for manslaughter.

152. The total number of persons examined as Motor Drivers during the year was 1,036 as against 1,260 in the year 1935. The total number of persons passed as Motor Drivers during the year was 869 as against 1,036 in the year 1935.

153. The total number of Public Motor Vehicles examined and passed fit for public.. use during the year was 4,458 as against 4,586 in the year 1935. The total number of Public Motor Vehicles examined and found unfit for public use during the year was 500 as against 748 in the year 1935.

*

154. The total number of Commercial Motor Vehicles examined and passed fit for commercial use during the year was 7,400 as against 8,506 in the year 1935., The total number of Commercial Motor Vehicles examined and found unfit for commercial use during the year was 1,876 as against 1,548 in the year 1935.

155. The total number of motor driver's licences suspended during the year was 107 as against 52 in the year 1935. The total number of motor driver's licences cancelled during the year was 7 as against 3 in the year 1935.

-K 29-

POLICE MOTOR VEHICLES.

156. The number of Police Motor Vehicles is as follows:

Motor Vans (includes 2 motor dog vans) ...

Motor Cars

Motor Cycles (Dog Cages)

Combinations (Motor Cycles)

Solo Motor Cycles

9

3

1

13

14

157. Table VIII gives a classification of vehicle accidents and their causes.

EMERGENCY UNITS.

158. The Emergency Units in Hong Kong and Kowloon were kept busy throughout the year, though fortunately their services were not required to combat serious disorder.

159. Calls for the Hong Kong Unit were about the same as last year, but fees for special duties decreased considerably, owing to the discontinuance of police services on payment on the completion of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank, and to the diminution of demands for police control at football matches.

160. Calls for the Kowloon Unit show an increase from the previous year, and fees show a decrease.

Year. Calls.

Hong Kong Unit. 1935...... 91

Fees collected.

$10,100.50.

Hong Kong Unit.

1936...... 95

$ 2,893.00.

Kowloon Unit.

1935...... 48

$ 2,367.00.

Kowloon Unit.

1936...... 73

$ 2,127.50.

161. The following annexes are appended:-

A. Report on the Water Police.

B. Report on the Police Reserve.

C. Report on the Street Boys Club.

D. Report on the Remand Home for Juvenile Offenders

(Boys).

E. Report on the Remand Home for Juvenile Offenders

(Girls).

T. H. KING, Inspector General of Police.

9th April, 1937.

:

:

K 30-

Table I.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1935 AND 1936.

1935.

Personal Emoluments*

$ 2,030,078

1936. $ 2,357,419

Other Charges.

Ammunition...

7,158

12,688

Upkeep of Arms

1,967

4,101

Bedding

4,450

3,463

Burial of Destitute dead

255

226

Cleansing Materials and Washing

388

861

Clothing and Accoutrements

63,187

75,145

Coal for Barracks

7,268

9,709

Conveyance allowances

10,707

9,665

Coolie Hire

2,623

2,362

Disinfectants

2,096

1,765

Expenses of Anti-Piracy Guards

14,463

26,953

Grants to Villages in N.T. in aid of

Village Scout Scheme

480

480

Identification of Criminals

105

165

Incidental Expenses

5,217

4,606

Interpretation fees

329.

161

Light and Electric Fans

50,696

54,082

Medals

170

Mess Utensils

580

913

Passages

81,457

92,989

Petrol Oil etc. for Police Motor Cars

and Cycles

6,048

9,186

Photography

4,027

3,926

Rations for Indian Police

51,692

58,109

Remand Home Juvenile Offenders

5,034

5,318

Rent of Stations, and Married Police...

Quarters

26,107

30,339

Repairs to Police Motor Cars and

Cycles

4,659

4,972

Rewards

5,905

7,585

Secret Service

11,579

11,356

Small Stores

6,310

6,881

Special Course of Instruction

858

231

Subsistence of Prisoners

3,860

5,034

Telegrams and long distance telephone

calls

944

Transport

14,915

759: 15,261

395,364

$ 458,961

* Includes Officers of Cadet, S.C. & A & J.C. Services,

- K 31

Table I,-Continued.

1935.

1936.

Special Expenditure.

Safety First Campaign

1,142

846

Spare parts for 3 Pdr. Guns

20

Polishing Equipment

387

Musketry Equipment

317

50 38 Long Revolvers

2,707

50 38 Short Revolvers

1,319

2 Motor Cycle Combinations

1,645

Revision of Police Regulations

4,900

6 Thompson Guns

2,270

80 303 Rifles & Bayonets

8,113

2 Steel Cupboards

245

Anti Gas Equipment

77

Total Special Expenditure ...... .$

10,330

14,258

Total Police Department

$ 2,435,772

$ 2,830,638

K 32

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1935 AND 1936.

HEAD OF REVENUE COLLECTED BY POLICE DEPARTMENT.

1935.

-1936.

Duties.

Motor Spirit

4,816 $5 6,602

Licences and Internal Revenue.

Arms Licences

25,110

25,955

Auctioneers Licences

1,800

2,150

Billiard Table Licences

800

800

Dangerous Goods Licences

16,405

18,147

Dogs Licences

16,685

17,452

Forfeitures

2,259

2,562

Game Licences

4,875

4,200

* Hawkers' Licences

97,754

Liquor Licences, N.T.

2,325

3,740

Marine Store Dealers' Licences

10,890

$9,910

Miscellaneous Licences

6,235

7,690

Money Changers' Licences

15,555

15,130

Pawnbroker Licences

164,043

148,530

Theatrical Licences

$4,819

4,216

Vehicles, Motor Licences

185,647

183,509

Vehicles, Motor Drivers Licences ...

46,131

46,062

Vehicles, Other Licences

46,888

46,331

Vehicles, Other Drivers Licences

2,212

2,265

Vehicles, Motor Special Licensing

Fee, Foreign Registration

30,447

33,849

Fees of Court or Office, &c.

Blake Pier Tickets

361

289

Contributions for Anti-Piracy Escorts.

100,306

119,527

Film Censoring Fees

6,020

5,604

Miscellaneous Fees

9,558

8,431

Motor Ambulance Fees

7,890

7,730

Official Signature Fees

6,655

9,080

Police and other Stores

2,378

2,420

Police Services

21,810

13,817

Sick Stoppages from Police Force

3,170

3,907

Watchmen's Ordinance

11,062

11,018

Miscellaneous Receipts.

Condemned Stores, &c.

929

4,117

Other Miscellaneous Receipts

2,766

5,045

Overpayments in previous years

2,028

2,649

$

860,629

$

772,734

* Transferred to Urban Council.

..

K 33

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF POLICE

DEPARTMENT FOR LAST TEN YEARS.

*Personal Emoluments

Year.

and other Charges.

Special Expenditure.

Total

Total

Expenditure.

Revenue.

1927

1,848,626

26,839

1,875,465

393,557

1928

1,994,940

110 899

2,105,839

448,772

1929

2,027,717

57,247

2,084,964

463,148

1930

2,714,291

38,404

2,752,695

487,169

1931

2,950,698

13,921

2,964,619

613,883

1932

2,684,983

27,255

2,712,239

706,387

1933

2,813,617

22,915

2,836,532

697,684

1934

2,776,379

31,670

2,808,049

903,258

1935

2.425.442

10 330

2,435,772

860,629

1936

2,816,380

14,258

2,830,638

772,734

*Includes Officers of Cadet, S.C. & A., & J.C., Services

attached to Department.

:

Year.

Hong Kong

Deportees.

Gaol Discharges.

Singapore Deportees. Sarawak

19

Singapore Vagrants.

1935

3,500 4,727

607

6

64

2

1936

2,953

6,294

649

37

127

6

Co

Increase

1,567

42

Decrease

547

I

1 88

63

4

5

6

:

Table IV.

DEPORTATION OFFICE ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR, 1936.

Dutch Deli Undesirables.

East Indies &

I

1

654

54

974 431 123

Be

97

Rangoon Deportees.

Mauritius Deportees.

Sandakan Deportees.

Ocean Island

Deportees.

Asiatic Petroleum

Co. Labourers.

Mendicants.

Hong Kong

order of the Court.

Persons sent away by

Hong Kong Police

Supervisees.

Total number of persons dealt with in 1935

10,346

1936

12,141

11 11

General increase during the year 1936

1,795

820

I

36

26

30

39

8 8

Ex-Soldiers of 19th

Route Army.

K 34

".

SERIOUS OFFENCES.

1935.

K 35

Table V.

A.-SERIOUS OFFENCES.

YEARLY RETURN OF CRIME FOR THE WHOLE COLONY FOR THE YEAR OF 1936.

Charge Cases.

Cases without

charge.

Total Cases.

1936.

Charge Cases.

Cases without charge.

Total Cases.

% Charge cases to total.

Europeans.

Indians.

PERSONS

CONVICTED.

Arms

Assault (Serious)

Assault with intent to rob

68

28

888888

10

78

60

31

31

44

9

:

:

:

Burglary

43

58

101

57

Coinage Offences

64

64

70

93%

48

91%

9 100%

80

137

44%

70 100%

64

:

Deportation

7511

751

848

Embezzlement

13

34

47

19

House and Godown breaking

70

82

152

98

126

38

39

848 100%

58 32%

224 43%

27

:

Intimidation and Extortion

6

6

2 100%

Kidnapping

11

11

Larceny

2,788

1,459

4,247

4,395

...

2,207

8 100%

6,602 66%

11

Larceny from Dwelling house

76

221

297

51

189

240

21%

- 30

Larceny on Ships and Wharf

63

76

139

90

74

164

56%

Manslaughter

4

6

6

1

7

85%

Murder

Murder (attempted)

Obtaining by False Pretences

Receiving

Robbery

Women and Girls

Other Serious Offences

14

11

16

31%

:

83

145

19

14

69

48

:

:

:

25

20

103

110

16

126

87%

2

145

258

:

258 100%

64

83

19

37

56

34%

co

:

14

4

...

4 100%

15

84

81

16]

97

83%

Total

4,322

2,051 6,373

6,234 2,804 9,038

:.

Chinese.

PERSONS

VALUE OF VALUE OF

PROPERTY PROPERTY

DISCHARGED.

STOLEN. RECOVERED

Europeans.

Indians.

Chinese.

12

9

66

67

38

8683

11

2

1 12,096.21

2,993.59

68

20]

831

13

18

182.00

21

114

:

:

:

3

10

4 4,452

1

1

...

62

961

4

4

106

221

32

3

75

...

...

...

.....

24

10 6,279

N

:

1 40,162.70

4 11,024.38 3,131.75

2

241 133,211.97 43,837.29

1 52,663.50 18,011.88

7 11,242.15] 86.1.85

285.20

· 19 1,761.87|

78

219.45

1

:

5 15,769.10| 401.80

22|| 25,280.83 100.00

484 303,497.91 69,739.61

C.

MINOR OFFENCES.

1935.

K 36

Table V.

B.-MINOR OFFENCES.

YEARLY RETURN OF CRIME FOR THE WHOLE COLONY FOR THE YEAR OF 1936.

PERSONS

Charge Cases.

Cases without charge.

Total Cases.

1936.

Charged Cases.

Cases without charge.

Total Cases.

% Charge cases to total.

Europeans.

Indians.

Chinese.

Europeans.

Indians.

CONVICTED.

·༄ ་*;ན! ཐཱ

PERSONS DISCHARGED.

VALUE OF Value of PROPERTY PROPERTY STOLEN. RECOVERED

Chinese.

C.

·Brought forward

4,322

2,051

6,373

6,234

2,804

9,038

Assault

Damage to Property

Dangerous Goods

Drunkenness ...........

788

738

668

16

16

32

668 100%

32

24 10 6,279

3 1,029

2

1

434 303,497.91 69,789.61

N M

2

:

29

40

40

27

8

8

11

27

""

∙11

29

30

:

79

6

5

−1

7

1

Forestry Offences

:

396

396

1,184

...

Gambling

210

210

182

Hawking Offences

23,567

23,567 26,075|

Lottery Offences

214

214

103

1,184 182 26,075 103

1,273

11

1,605

62

25,591

576

...

106

:

Mendicants.

642

642

1,156

1,156

22

1,166

49

...

Merchant Shipping Ordinance

586

586

524

524

952

30

+9

Morphine

335

335

479

479

483

92

Nuisances

733

733

605

605

622

27

...

19

Opium

1,324

1,324

885

885

998

82

Revenue

853

853

1,042

Rogue and Vagabond

140

140

181

1,042 181

""

1,075

...

46

"

Stowaways

12

12

26

26

Unlawful Possession

238

238

344

344

"

:

Vagrants

23

23

18

18

•

Vehicle and Traffic

1,348

1,848

2,288

2,288

17

© m

184

15

1

30

:

:.

323

50

6

13

:

...

1 2,270

22

Women and Girls

868

868

759

759

:

762

19

Other Miscellaneous Offences

709

709

960

960

50

23 1,080

1

66

29

Total

33,000

33,000 37,549

37,549

79

"

42 39,611

1

1 1,237

Grand Total

37,322 2,051 39,373 43,783

2,804 46,587

103

52 45,890

3

2 1,671 803,497.91; 69,739.61

ལ "

..

Table VI.

ARMS AND AMMUNITION SEIZED AND CONFISCATED DURING 1936.

In Store on 31.12.36.

Description of Arms.

Arms seized.

Origin.

Ammunition

seized.

Origin.

Arms. Ammunition.

Winchester Rifles Rifles (various)

Shot Guns

German Rifles Mauser Pistols

Auto Pistols

Revolvers (various)

Lugar Pistols

Thompson Sub-Machine Gun.

Lewis Gun, Savage

เ

4

14

Unknown.

379

Unknown.

40

9,217

Rds.

Unknown.

13

Unknown.

**

N 2

German.

170

German.

2

German.

273

German.

59

9,270 Rds.

~2N

American.

40

American.

30

39,035

French.

8

French.

Rds.

Unknown.

345

Unknown.

American.

823

American.

44

2

Belgium.

4

Belgium.

7,199

21

Unknown.

267

Unknown.

Rds.

84

16,032 Rds.

- K 37

- K 38-

Table VII.

The following table shows the number of licences issued during the years 1935 and 1936:-

Arms

Arms Dealers

Auctioneers

Auctioneers (Temporary)

Billard Tables and Bowling Alleys

1935.

1936.

1,550

1,516

3

3

14

3

3

Conductors

Dance Halls

Dance Halls (Temporary)

Dangerous Goods

391

341

5

4

1

1,259

1,280

Game

217

197

Hawkers

15,692

Marine Stores

30

27

Massage Establishments

19

13

Money Changers-

144

157

Motor Cars (Livery)

525

493

Motor Cars (Private)

3,078

3,267

Motor Vans and Lorries

877

689

Motor Car International Permits

4

Motor Drivers (Cars and Cycles)

7,358

8,156

Motor Drivers (International)

137

254

Motor Cycles

313

284

Pawnbrokers

67

65

Places of Public Entertainment

76

Poisons

116

106

Printing Presses

257

261

Printing Press Dealers

7

8

Private Chairs

49

38

Private Jinrickshas

424

364

Public Chairs

296

280

Public Jinrickshas

1,026

1,026

Tricycles

797

993

Trucks

13

15

Vehicle Drivers and Bearers

8,347

7,788

- K

Table

CLASSIFIED TABLE OF CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS LEADING TO T

Motor Buses.

Private Cars.

Public Cars.

Motor Lorries.

Cause of Accident.

Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong

Kowloon llong

F.N.F. F. N.F.

F.

N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F.

F. N.F.

F.

N.F. F. N.F. F.

Walking or running in front

of a moving vehicle

4

Leaving or boarding a moving

vehicle.

Stepping off footway.

14

12

11

4

90

2

34

3

47

w

I

H

47

36

6

Co

5

23

16

1

<<

37

2

30 2

1

-

2

CO

6

1

5

2

8 2

co

8

Passing behind

a moving

vehicle

1

Co

Falling from a vehicle

2

|

10

}

Running across streets

4

10

7

2

59 1

41 1

888

Playing games on streets

1

1

1

1

1

3

5

15

9

28

10

6

39 4

26

3

113

Passengers on vehicle injured

in accident

1

5 1

8

3

14

2

7

7

ลง

2

Drivers of vehicle injured in

accident

Other Causes

1

1

7

13

t1 t‡ 3

ㄓ

1

2

1

* 6

N

Total accidents involving in-

juries

9

64

75

8

199

7

139

1

82

31 19

117 12

82 4

Total accidents (fatal, invol-

ving injury and without injury)

251

926

278

628

*

A motor lorry mounted pavement, injuring a Chinese male sle

Two motor lorries mounted footpath, injuring a Chinese mal A motor lorry wheel came off from the vehicle, injuring a C) Two Chinese persons, walking in the roadway, were injured by A private car ran into a vegetable garden, injuring 2 Chinese pers A private car, driven by a European lady in a vehiclar ferry, c § A hand truck mounted footpath, injuring a Chinese person.

K 39

Table VIII.

TO THE INJURY OF PEDESTRIANS OR PASSENGERS IN VEHICLES.

Tram Cars.

Motor Cycles.

Pedal Cycles.

Hand Trucks.

Rickshaws.

Totals.

1

(long Kong

Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong, Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon

Hong Kong Kowloon

F. N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F.

F. N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F.

F.N.F. F. N.F. Fatal.

Nno-Fatal.

2

27

16

1

43

1

-

I

}

1

H

71

102

10

5

20

77

6

co

حسم

1

24

75

10

I

3

16

7

4 1

11 3

14

1

51

1

Į

§ 1

24 1

31 4

53 1

111

1

5

66

222

1

!

A

10

}

18

363

7

131

4

92

17

Co

38

25

252

1

18

10

54

125

1

10

14

1

6

75

1,100

19

2,483

nale sleeping there.

se male and the other a Chinese hawker.

ng a Chinese male.

ared by goods falling from 2 different motor lorries.

ese persons.

erry, collided with a piece of wood, which in turn struck two Chinese sailors on board, killing one & injuring the other.

son.

K 40

Annexe A.

REPORT ON THE WATER POLICE.

1. The following return shows the establishment and casualties of the Water Police during the year 1936:-

Nationality.

Establishment.

Enlistments.

Deaths.

Resignations through sickness

through expiry of Resignations

terms of servcie or otherwise.

Dismissals or Desertions.

Total number of

Casualties.

Chinese

255

18

1

7

1

3

12

CONDUCT.

2. The conduct of the Chinese Staff of the Water Police was fair only.

There were 435 reports in 1936 as compared with 320 reports in 1935.

"There were 106 men against whom no defaulter reports were made during 1936.

ACCIDENTS.

3. There were sixteen accidents involving Police Launches during 1936, as compared with eleven in 1935. Six of these were trifling, damage being negligible. As a result of enquiries held by the Harbour Master, two coxswains and three engineers were dealt with departmentally. In three cases, it was found that the accidents were due to "Errors of Judgment" not amounting to negligence, and in two cases that the Water Police Officers were free from blame.

CRUISING LAUNCHES.

4. During the year Nos. 3 and 4 Launches underwent survey and annual overhaul. The new No. 1 Launch was placed in commission on June 1st and is proving a most valuable addition to the "Cruising" launch fleet. She was able to render valuable assistance in the stranding of S.S. "Sunning' in August 1936 in a typhoon.

5. The old No. 1 Launch (now known as No. 1B) without wireless equipment and a 3 pounder gun, is still carrying on duty though very old, but will be replaced in the near future by No. 2 Launch on the completion of an extensive refit.

..

བྲས་

K 41

6. All cruising launches will then be equipped with wireless and 3 pounder guns.

HARBOUR LAUNCHES.

7. The new diesel engined launch No. 9 Police has replaced the old No. 9 Police Launch and is giving very efficient service. It has a searchlight. Nos. 5, 6, 8 and 14 Launches are fitted with searchlights and are running satisfactorily. No. 7 Launch is ageing, but is performing useful duty, mainly with Anti-Piracy searching staff.

8. Three beat launches and one general patrol launch were kept in service, day and night, during the greater part of the year.

MOTOR BOATS.

9. Nos. 10 and 12 Motor Boats are employed on special harbour work. No. 11 Motor Boat is the SHAM CHUN River patrol boat. No. 15 and No. 16 Motor Boats are performing duty at Sai Kung and Tai O respectively. All motor boats are in good condition.

MUSKETRY.

10. A half yearly Machine Gun Course was fired on the four Cruising Launches. The 3 pounder guns crews

crews of all crusing launches fired one 3 pounder course. Good results were obtained in these courses. Greener Guns and Winchester Rifles are supplied to cruising launches and the crews are trained regularly in the use of these arms.

11. The Departinent is indebted to the courtesy of the Naval Authorities for assistance in supervision and practice with 3 pounder guns.

:

K 42

―

Annexe B.

REPORT ON THE HONG KONG POLICE RESERVE.

1. The organisation of the Hong Kong Police Reserve has remained unchanged during the year.

2. Strength. The strength of the Force shows a decrease over the figures for the previous year, the total being 204, as against 229. The various Units are shown below, with com- parison of the 1935 strength :-

1935.

1936.

Chinese Company

99

76

Indian Company

71

72

Flying Squad

28

28

Emergency Unit Reserve

31

28

229

204

PRASAMUEL

3. The number of resignations received during the year, for various reasons totalled 23, the number of members struck off the strength totalled 12, and deaths 2, a grand total of 37. The number of new members enlisted was 12.

4. Appointments.-Mr. C. Champkin, Assistant Superin- tendent of Police Reserve was appointed Deputy Superintendent of Police Reserve as from 30th April, 1936.

5. Mr. O. Eager, Assistant Superintendent of Police Reserve was appointed Adjutant, Hong Kong Police Reserve, as from 27th June, 1936.

6. Riot Van.-The Riot Van was in constant use throughout the year in connection with special patrol work, and in training. It was also on loan to the Regular Police for over 3 months.

7. Commendations: ---

Chinese Company.

L.S.R. 29 Chan Chung Tung-Commendation and com-

mended service bar.

P.C.R. 21 Wong Ping Kwan-Commendation

mended service bar.

P.C.R. 36 Ho Iu Nam–Commendation.

com

-

K 43-

Indian Company.

L.S.R. 204 Abdul Karim-Commendation.

P.C.R. 208 Mohamed Khan--Commendation.

P.C.R. 228 Ilam Din-Commendation.

P.C.R. 248 Rangin Shah-Commendation.

P.C.R. 269 Imam Din-Commendation.

P.C.R. 291 Tara Khan-Commendation and commended

service bar.

Flying Squad.

P.S.R. 333 A. W. Mooney-Commendation.

L.S.R. 317 Cheng Yew-Commendation.

8. Training. Training was continued on similar lines as in previous years, and it is satisfactory to record the continuance of improved attendance and keenness amongst members.

Special Training. Search Patrols, Riot Drills, and Defendu.

9. Instructions in Search Patrois, Riot Drills, and Defendu were given by Inspector (R) W. V. Field to members of the Emergency Unit Reserve.

10. Revolver Shooting Competitions.- Revolver Shooting Competitions between Units and between Section Units were held. The Chinese Company Revolver Team won the Cham- pionship Shield presented by His Honour Sir Atholl MacGregor. The same team also won the "Shoot" between the Chinese Company Team and European Contingent, Hong Kong Police.

11. Marksman Badge.-14 members of the Chinese Com- pany qualified for the Marksman Badge.

12. Revolver Championship.-The Revolver Championship for the Chinese Company was won by P.C.R. 66 Kwok Chak Tong.

13. Duties.-Duties have been performed from time to time as auxiliary to the Regular Police, and Contingents have been supplied on the usual ceremonial occasions.

14. Many other duties have also been performed i.c. H.M. the King's Birthday Review, Safety-First Campaign and at the Annual Race Meeting. The Reserve furnished one company to the Police Detachment in the Review at Happy Valley on June 23rd, the anniversary of the birthday of H.M. the King.

.

K 44

15. General. Tea Parties.-The Chinese Company farewell Tea Party to Mr. D. L. King, took place on Thursday, July 9th at 17.15 hours at the Hong Kong Hotel Roof Garden, presided over by the Hon. Dr. S. W. Ts'o. At this Tea Party, His Excellency the Governor, Sir Andrew Caldecott, presented the Sir Atholl MacGregor Inter Platoon Competition Shield and Medal to the Winning Chinese Company Revolver Team.

16. Hon. Dr. S. W. Ts'o, Hon. Commissioner of the Chinese Company, and Mr. B. C. Randall, Assistant Superin- tendent of Police Reserve, made presentations to Mr. D. L. King on behalf of the Chinese Company and Flying Squad respectively.

17. The Indian Company Tea Party to Mr. D. L. King took place on 7th July, 1936, at 17.15 hours at the Gloucester Hotel, presided over by the Hon. T. H. King, Inspector General of Police.

18. At this party Mr. Feroz Ali, O.C. Indian Company, and Mr. W. V. Field, O.C. Emergency Unit Reserve made presenta- tions to Mr. D. L. King on behalf of members of the Indian Company, and Emergency Unit Reserve respectively.

19. Mr. D. L. King had been Deputy Superintendent of the Police Reserve since the 7th November, 1928. He had to relin- quish his commission on his departure for England in April. He had commanded the Reserve with marked distinction and success. His departure was a matter of keen regret to all members of both the Reserve and the Regular Police.

K 45

Annexe C.

·

*

ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STREET BOYS' CLUb for 1936.

1. The total membership at the end of December, 1936, was thirteen; all the members are at present in employment with the exception of Ho Hei, who is a shoemaker.

2. During the year 4 members resigned and one absconded.

3. Three new members joined the Club during the year.

4. The services of Mr. Chau Kai Chin, who was appointed Supervisor of the Club in January, 1934, were dispensed with on the 31st October, 1936, and Mr. Fu Fan Kau is now employed as the Club's school teacher. Under his tuition the members have taken a great interest in the study of English and Chinese. Classes are held every Monday and Tuesday evenings, with good attendances.

5. During the Summer months the members were taken to the Y.M.C.A. matshed, North Point, for swimming classes. The officials of the Y.M.C.A. kindly gave them the use of their Club premises. The members were also granted the use of the Chung Sing Bathing Club, Kennedy Town, through the kindness of the Committee, on two occasions. The beach at Telegraph Bay was also used. Swimming classes were held twice a week.

6. All the members who attended the swimming classes were able to swim.

7. Five members entered for the 50 yards race open to messengers and Street Boys' Club at the Annual Police Aquatic Sports held at the V. R. C. on the 12th September, 1936. The first three places were taken by members.

8. On the afternoon of the 27th September, 1936, whilst the members were swimming at Telegraph Bay a fire broke out in amatshed in the heart of Telegraph Bay Village. The members were quickly mustered together and ran to the scene where they worked very hard in keeping the surrounding matsheds free from the flying sparks.. The Hon. I. G. P. kindly granted the members concerned $5.00 from the General Fund, which was spent in entertainment, for the good work they did on this occasion.

9. The Chinese Y.M.C.A. again placed their Gymnasium at the disposal of the Club through the kind offices of the Directorate. Games, drill and gymnastic classes. were held twice a week (with the exception of the swimming season).

-

K 46

10. During the year, Mr. T. H. King, Mr. Perdue, Mr. Calthrop, and Mr. Major, paid periodical visits to the Club.

Mr. Ho Chung U Juvenile Probation Officer visited the Club very frequently and interested himself in the work of the boys. A letter of appreciation was sent to Mr. Ho Chung U on the 14th July, 1936.

11. During the year, gifts of cakes and fruit were frequently received from many persons who maintain an interest in the Club. These gifts were highly appreciated by the boys.

12. The Club premises during the rainy season were leaking badly and white ants were discovered in the roof, but satisfactory repairs have been carried out.

13. Only $10.00 was received during the year for the Savings Account. The members still show a lack of interest in saving part of their earnings.

P

K 47

Annexe D.

REMAND HOME FOR JUVENILE OFFENDERS (Boys).

1. During the year 1,381 boys were sent into the Remand Home for the offences enumerated below:

Offence.

Sentenced Otherwise

Arrested.

to

dealt Detention. with.

Hawking

781

117

Larceny

192

60

Tobacco (smuggling)

42

Opium and Heroin Pills

22

Trade no licence

160

Breach of Traffic Regulations

Gambling and Po Piu Lottery

Tickets

Assaults

Wine Smuggling

Forged Notes ...

Unlawful Possession

Begging

4

18

6

2

7

43

Storebreaking

Destitute and Wandering

Burglary, Housebreaking and

Disorderly Conduct

Soliciting for Prostitution

Breach of Yaurati Ferry Re-

gulations

Breach of Forestry Regulations.

7

HORORN ~~~ | |-

664

132

19

6

16

125

6

2

2

16

3

2

7

37

6

241

4

22

2

2

2

1

4

4

5

2

Trespassing

Receiving Stolen Property

6

5

10

1

Enquiries

44

Noises at night

1

44

1

Obstruction

1

1

Breach of Deportation Order

1

1

Found in Enclosed Premises Throwing Stones at the Police... Counterfeit Coins

2

1

1

1

1

1

Street Cries

1

1

Wilful damage to Remand

Home Property..

2

2

Possession of Arms

Aberdeen Industrial

Boys for treatment of Scabies and Trachoma

School

Total

5

5

1,381

277

1,104

21

21

10

K 48

2. Of the above, 103 boys were dealt with as adults; 2 trans- ferred to Victoria Gaol; 23 sent to the Aberdeen Industrial School, 4 of whom were subsequently expelled from the School; and two paid their fines before expiration of sentences.

3. During the year H.E. the Governor, and a number of ladies and gentlemen visited the Home from time to time.

4. Mr. Cheung Lo Kau of the Chinese Y.M.C.A. visits the Home on Wednesdays and gives religious instruction to the boys. The two Probation Officers also give one hour's instruc- tion each week.

5. The general conduct of the boys was good. Many of the boys were in and out on remand several times. 20 boys com- mitted to the Home had previous convictions, i.e. 11 for larceny, 8 for smuggling tobacco and one for Disorderly Conduct. was no escape or attempt at escape during the year.

There

6. 83 boys were instructed in rattan work during the year. There is a Rattan Work Instructor on the Staff of the Home.

7. The general health of the boys was good. The following shows the record of sickness during the year:-

Sent to Hospital

Treated for scabies

26

87

There was no case of Beri Beri. A number of cases of Trachoma were treated at the Home.

The Medical Officer visited the Home once a week and more often when necessary.

8. The staff of the Home includes 1 Chinese Lance Sergeant and 7 Chinese Constables. They escort the boys to and from the Courts, and when not so engaged, look after the boys in the Home and help to teach in the School. All these Police Officers have long service and their conduct during the year was good.

9. Twenty-three boys were sent to the Aberdeen Industrial School four of whom were subsequently for various reasons expelled therefrom. Some of these boys had served terms of detention in the Home. The majority of them have benefited and are doing well in the School.

The incorrigible offenders appear to be the pick pockets who find this mode of living much easier than any honest occupation.

-

K 49

10. The Probation Officers are mainly engaged in making enquiries about boys on remand, and in visiting boys on proba- tion. The Probation Officers make their reports personally to the Magistrates in charge of the Juvenile Courts.

11. During the year, 1,381 boys were received into the Home, as compared with 1,864 for 1935. This reduction is accounted for by the opening of the special cell at Yaumati Police Station for the temporary detention of juvenile offenders in Kowloon, pending their appearance before the Magistrate.

12. The Police Magistrates have been very helpful in preventing adults from getting into the Home by understating their age, and it is due to this, that there was no trouble with the boys during the year.

:

J

L.

-

- K 50-

Annexe E.

REMAND HOME FOR JUVENILE OFFENDERS (GIrls).

1. 535 Girl Juvenile Offenders were admitted to the Home during the year for the following offences:-

Hawking

441

Mendicancy

28

In Possession of "Po Piu'

Tickets)

(Lottery

4

In Possession of Raw Opium

5

In Possession of Dutiable Tobacco In possession of Dutiable Liquor

In Possession of Heroin Pills

9

In Possession of Forged Notes

1

Breach of Forestry Regulations Larceny

9

13

Coining Offences

Breach of Traffic Regulations

Fighting in the street

Destitute and Wandering

Enquiries

Total

535

2. Of this, number, 42 were dealt with as Adults, 2 trans- ferred to the Salvation Army Home and 87 were ordered Detention by the Magistrate for the following offences:-

Hawking Mendicancy

In Possession of Raw Opium

In Possession of Dutiable Tobacco In Possession of Dutiable Liquor

In Possession of Heroin Pills

In Possession of Forged Notes Breach of Forestry Regulations Larceny

Breach of Traffic Regulations Destitute and Wandering

Total

61

9

2

1

1

1

4

1

1

87

}

3. Four girls were admitted to Hospital during the year. Many cases of scabies and numerous minor complaints were treated in the Home. The Medical Officer (Mrs. Nash) visited the Home weekly, and at other times as required.

Appendix K (1).

REPORT OF THE CHIEF OFFICER, HONG KONG

FIRE BRIGADE FOR THE YEAR 1936.

EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE.

The expenditure of the Fire Brigade for the year 1336 was *$293,162.54 including special expenditure

expenditure amounting to $11,225.31 as against $265,832.15 including special expenditure amounting to $10,477.17 in 1985.

2. The revenue of the Brigade for the year amounted to $8,240.00 derived from the following sources:

Motor Ambulance Service

$7,890.00 for 1935, a decrease of 2%.

Theatre and Special duties

$7,730.00 as against

$ 510.00 as against

$1,158.00 for 1935, a decrease of 56%.

ESTABLISHMENT RETURN.

3. Return showing the Establishment and Casualties in the Brigade during the year 1936:-

Establishment of the Brigade.

Enlistments.

Deaths.

Resignations.

Invalided.

Retired on

Pension.

Dismissals or Desertions.

Total Number of Casualties.

Europeans

Indian

11

1

Chinese

246

22

Total

258

22

10

5

5

10

}

3

2 3

8

21

3

3

3

со

8

22

·

- K (1) 2 -

This number includes all ranks but is exclusive of the following Floating Staff:-

Coxswains. Engineers.

Stokers.

Seamen.

5

15

ACTUAL STRENGTH ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1936.

Europeans Indian Chinese

Total

Present

9

1

235

245

Sick or Absent on

leave

4

6

Vacancies

Total

11

1

246

258*

*Not including Floating staff.

STATIONS AND EQUIPMENT. ·

4. No new Stations were erected during the year.

5. A new "Ford" 30 H.P. Motor Ambulance was supplied in April 1936, and added to the equipment of the Brigade. The acquisition of this ambulance brought the number of Ambulances now maintained by the Fire Brigade to a total of eleven.

A new Motor Fire Engine, complete with a 50 ft. fire escape, was ordered during the year and will be supplied early

in 1937.

6. All of the thirty-six vehicles now maintained by the Fire Brigade were regularly inspected during the year; twenty- two of the vehicles were completely overhauled and repainted.

The fire floats were also satisfactorily overhauled during the year. All other appliances and equipment were examined and tested every month.

With a view to economy the old No. 3 Fire Float was laid up on the 31st August, with a skeleton crew of 1 Engineer and 1 Seaman to supervise and maintain the craft. This allowed for a reduction of staff by which, for the remainder of the year, the Floating staff of the Brigade consisted of:-

5 Coxswains, 9 Engineers, 6 Stokers and 15 Seamen.

!

-K (1) 3

7. The numbers of both Pedestal and Underground hydrants were increased by 11 and 2 respectively during the year; the total number of hydrants is now 1,454 viz.:

Pedestal hydrants:-

Hong Kong (including Peak)

Kowloon

Underground hydrants:-

Hong Kong (including Peak)

Kowloon (including New Territories)

Total

All were regularly inspected every quarter.

FIRES, COLLAPSES AND LANDSLIDES-Loss of

LIFE AND RESCUE.

193

151

714

396

1,454

8. Two fatalities resulted from fire during the year, viz., a Chinese male, aged 20 years, who succumbed to burns received at a fire in an un-numbered hut in Lung Chau Tseng Village, Kowloon City, on the 10th April, and a Chinese workman, aged 18 years, who was suffocated at the fire which occurred on the S.S. "Recorder" in Taikoo Dock on the 11th November.

9. Eighteen persons lost their lives as a result of collapses and landslides. Nine of these deaths resulted from collapses caused by the typhoon on the 17th August.

10. Forty-five persons were extricated alive from the above collapses and landslides.

CALLS.

11. The number of calls received during the year totalled 192; actual fires 158, chimney fires 12, collapses 7, landslides 3, and false alarms 12. Compared with the previous year (1935) there was an increase of 53 calls. Thirty-three were received by fire alarms, one hundred and thirty-four by telephone, nine from Police and sixteen from messengers.

12. Of the false alarms, five were maliciously given, three were given with good intent, and four were due to electrical faults.

THEATRE AND OTHER DUTIES.

13. Duties performed by members of the Brigade at public and private entertainments during the year totalled 258 com- prising altogether 1,795 hours..

-K (1) 4

FIRE INSPECTION WORK.

14. The following inspections were made by officers of the Brigade and reported upon during the year:

Theatres and Cinemas

Boarding Houses

186

225

Factories and. Workshops.

Garages

454

471

Licensed Premises (Liquor licences)

.94

Eating Houses.

352

Timber and Firewood Storages

92

Buildings (Government and Public)

56

High and Low Flash Inflammable Liquid Stores

448

Petrol Pumps

180

Kerosene Stores in shops

757

507

6

241

518

404

22

740

119

5,872

Dangerous Goods Storages

Offensive Trades

Fireworks Storages

Neon Light Advertising Signs

Vernacular Schools

Dance Halls and Academies...

Fire Service Installations .,, Miscellaneous Inspections

Total

The number of Inspections carried out each month is shewn in Table IV.

15. Eleven private fire-hydrant services were installed in various premises during the year. Four buildings with installa- tions were demolished during the year. There are now 245 such installations in the Colony. These are inspected and tested twice a year.

16. The sixteen Automatic Sprinkler Installations in the Colony were each tested and reported upon by the Brigade twice during the year.

17. 354 Chemical Fire Extinguishers located in various Government buildings were tested and recharged by the Brigade. during the year.

18. The total number of Dangerous Goods licences in force at the end of the year was 1,214 (fees $14,790.00) as against 1,086 licences (fees $11,705.00) for 1935.

19. Thirteen prosecutions, resulting in fines amounting to $1,265.00 were undertaken by the Brigade during the year for contraventions of various Ordinances providing for safety against

fire.

i

- K (1) 5

AMBULANCE SERVICE.

20. The eleven Motor Ambulances maintained by the Fire Brigade attended altogether 4,503 cases during the year, and travelled 39,466 miles.

A

The undermentioned summary shows the number of cases attended and mileage during the past five years.

No. of cases attended

Distance run

(miles)

1936. 1935. 1934. 1933. 1932.

4,503 4,405 3,797 4,299 4,418

39,466 39,018 32,753 34,437 31,635

ANNUAL DISPLAY.

21. The Annual Display by the Brigade took place in the compound of No. 2 Police Station, Wanchai, in the presence of H.E. the Governor and a large number of visitors and spectators, on November 18th, 1936. During the Display the finals of the following Competition Drills, were contested:

Competition. Motor Escape Drill.

Motor Pump Drill.

Hook Ladder Drill.

Winner.

Central Fire Station "A" Teani.

Central Fire. Station "B" Team.

Mong Kok Fire Station "B" Team.

March, 1937

T. H. KING,

Chief Officer, Fire Brigade.

?

HONG KONG -

----PLANT.

Table I.

STATION AND PLANT, 31ST DECEMBER, 1936.

STATIONS.

Central

1

Kennedy Town

1

Wanchai

--1

Shaukiwan

1

Gough Hill

1

Aberdeen (including Apli-

chau Island)

KOWLOON :-

Tsim Sha Tsui

1

Mong Kok

1

Sham Shui Po

Un Long (N.T.)

Tai Po (N.T.)

Cheung Chau Island

Tai O (Lan Tau Island) Yaumati Harbour

Total

2

11

2

10

10

1

a1a

R

122

1

· K (1) 6 —

2

2

7

1

3

4

3

11

Appendix L.

REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF PRISONS

FOR THE YEAR 1936.

The number of prisoners received into prison during the year, and the corresponding number for 1935 were as follows:-

1935.

1936.

Convicted by Ordinary Courts

14,790

14,801

Debtors

76

50

On remand or in default of finding surety. 1,274

1,255

Total

16,140

16,106

2. The percentage of convicted prisoners admitted to prison with previous convictions recorded against them was 15.9 as compared with 14.1 for the previous year.

3. 963 prisoners were convicted by Police Courts in the New Territories against 774 for the previous year.

4. The following table shows the number of convicts in custody on the 31st December for the past ten years, and the percentage of the total number of prisoners in custody to the estimated population of Hong Kong.

Estimated

Year.

population.

Number

of

convicts.

Percentage

of

population.

Daily average number of prisoners.

of

Percentage

population.

.

1927

890,400*

392

.044

1,189

.136

1928

1,075,690*

352

.033

1,071

.100

1929

1,075,690*

331

.031

1.075

.100

1930

1,143,510*

256

.022

1,175 .103

1931

849,751+ 202 .024

1,102

.130

1932

900,796 173

.019

1,114

.124

1933

922,643

162

.018

1,472 .160

V.G. -839

1934

944,492

157

.017

L.C.K. 593

.170

F.P.

178

V.G.. 980

1935

966,341

217

.022

L.C.K. 642 .186

F.P.

174

V.G.

1,127

.1936

988,190

297

.03

L.C.K.

600

$194

F.P.

190

*Probably overestimated.

† Census of 1931.

-

L 2

VICTORIA GAOL (MALE).

5. 18,756,343 forms were printed and issued to various Government departments and 88,002 books bound or repaired as compared with 20,009,335 forms and 123,809 books in 1935. During the year important printing work hitherto done by the Government Printers was satisfactorily performed by the Prison Printery.

6. Other industries

included matmaking tailoring, carpentering, tinsmithing, painting, laundering, shoemaking, netinaking and basketmaking. Prisoners were also employed on the usual routine upkeep work, including minor building repairs.

7. The Gaol was as usual overcrowded.

8. The workshop accommodation is inadequate.

9. There was no escape. There was one attempt to escape (237 on 30.10.36).

10. There was no execution during the year.

LAI CHI KOK Prison.

11. Garden work continued to give useful employment. Other work done at Lai Chi Kok, apart from the essential routine duties of cooking, cleaning, etc., included string and netmaking, coir matmaking, basket and broom making, and grass mat- making.

12. There was no escape or attempt to escape.

FEMALE PRISON-LAI CHI KOK.

13. This prison was also overcrowded. Although con- structed to accommodate 120 the numbers have frequently been over 200.

Female prisoners are employed chiefly on laundry work and mending. Other employment includes cooking, weaving, envelope making, and a little gardening.

15. Lady Visitors as hitherto attended regularly for instructional purposes. Sisters from the Italian Convent visited on Saturdays, and ladies of the Church Missionary Society on Sundays, to give religious addresses. The adminis- tration would again like to express thanks to all these ladies for their valued and gratuitious services.

L 3

GENERAL.

16. 430 punishments were awarded for breaches of prison discipline as compared with 324 for the preceding year. Corporal punishment was inflicted in thirteen cases for prison offences.

17. Sixty-three prisoners were whipped by order of Courts.

18.

There was again an increase in the number of prisoners convicted in the New Territory Courts (see paragraph 3).

19. Owing to overcrowding in the prisons 1,063 males were released before expiration of sentence. It Was not found necessary to release any women prematurely.

20. The general behaviour of the prisoners and the discipline in all three prisons was very good.

21. The health of the prisoners Wils satisfactorily maintained.

22. The conduct of the officers was on the whole exemplary.

23. The general health of the Staff was good.

24. The new prison at Stanley is nearing completion and will be occupied in 1937.

22nd March, 1937.

J. W. FRANKS,

Superintendent of Prisons.

R

-L4-

Table I.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE, 1935 AND 1936.

Personal Emoluments

Other Charges.

1935.

1936.

$389,430.05 $ 472,020.40

Arms and Ammunition

192.76

268.93

Conveyance Allowance to Superin-

tendent

300.00

* 900.00

Cleaning and Sanitary Materials

5,889.46

5,617.02

Clothing and Shoes for Staff

10,453.75

14,512.60

Clothing for prisoners

9,082.54

20,345.71

Execution fees

150.00

Fuel

38,255.33

40,344.26

Grants to Chaplains

1,200.00

1,200.00

Gratuities to prisoners

484.50

551.00

Incidental Expenses

1,435.56 ·

1,628.61

Light

11,814.94

11,450.05

Materials for Remunerative Indus-

tries

3,716.98

2,236.67

Materials for Repairs and Renewals.

4,908.90.

8,450.15

Photography

1,950.25

2,261.50

Rations for Indian Warders

12,319.20

14,745.17

Rent of Quarters for European

Warders

8,623.00

7,293.83

Rent of Quarters for Indian Warders

10,080.00

10,080.00

Subsistence of prisoners

225,848.70

257,237.14

Transport

2,933.05

2,376.15

Upkeep and running Expense of

Motor Vans

1,011.55

1,331.83

Total Other Charges

350,650.47 402,830.62

Special Expenditure.

Linotype machine

One Printing machine One Ruling machine

Total Special Expenditure.

10,000.00

4,004.29

4,035.52

8,039.81

10,000.00

Total Prison Department

.......

748,120.33

884,851.02

* $300 not taken up in 1935.

DTH PULUNGAN 'a' ko`

L 5

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE, 1335 AND 1036.

Head of Revenue collected by Prison Department.

Fees of Court or Office.

Prison Subsistence

Prison Industries

Total

1935.

1936.

$ 2,312.00 $1,335.00

3,948.27 3,559.35

6,260.27 4.894.35

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF

PRISON DEPARTMENT FOR THE LAST 10 YEARS.

*Personal

Year.

Emoluments and Other Charges

1927 $500,203.68 $ 636.90 $500,840.58

Special Ex- penditure

Total Revenue

Total Expenditure

including esti- mated value of

prison labour.

$160,417.44

1928 498,271.58

Nil

433,271.58

166,024.55

1931

1929

1930 659,899.39 29,693.50 689,592.89

791,012.42

1932 755,804.80 24,306.28 780,111.08

514,267.37 7,264.36 521,531.73

179,807.54

144,550.53

Nil

791,012.42

170,339.01

207,085.54

1933 809,652.58 44,220.70 853,873.28

217,492.17

1934 804,758.42

25,040.29 829,798.71

220,622.50

1935 740,080.52 8,039.81 748,120.33

204,154.03

1936

874,851.02

10,000.00 884,851.02

188,341.95

* Includes officers of J. C. Service.

L

-

:

Table IV.

RETURN SHOWING VALUE OF INDUSTRIAL LABOUR FOR THE YEAR 1936.

1

Value of

2

3

stock on

Value of

Nature of Industry.

hand

materials Total Dr.

January purchased. 1st 1936.

4

Value of

articles

manufactured

or work

done for

payment.

5

6

Value of

7

8

Value of

Value of

work done

stock on

Earnings

for Gaol

hand

Total Cr.

or other

December

(Difference

between

columns

3 and 7)

Departments. 31st, 1936.

L 6

$

$

$5

$

$

$

$

$

Coir

Netmaking Tailoring

Rattan

Tinsmithing

Carpentering

3,497.45

318.72

· “3,682.34 | 21,267.68 | 24,950.02

2,669.77

184.92

6,167.22

503.64

1,593.55

3,221.13

2,773.11

7,587.79

1,420.57

106.50

209.90

360.00

676.40

172.76

38.19 | 23,365.21

7,257.45 | 30,660.85

5,710.83

115.13

276.95

392.08

1.65

598.31

128.05

728.01

335.93

387.82

1,972.15

2,359.97

120.95

4,489.55

758.20

5,368.70

3,008.73

836.25

2,765.72

3,601.97

175.00

5,561.21

639.97

6,376.18

2,774.21

Grassmatting

48.35

152.75

201.10

562.35

29.55

591.90

390.80

Shoemaking

1,003.45

2,265.42

3,268.87

37.50

Laundry

Printing & Bookbinding

843.18

61,924.21

4,163.94

5,007.12

...

83,475.42 145,399.63

Photography

34.55

2,261.50 2,296.05

Gardening

29.68

45.85

Weaving

.96.55

175.20

75.53

271.75

166.48

2,878.45

365.15

4,448.94 19,278.00 313.40 19,591.40 | 14,584.28

1,539.68 222,273.18 77,940.75 301,753.61 156,353.98 76.85 2,955.30 659.25

1,434.10

5,920.54 2,651.67

12.27

82.32

178.75

103.22

447.47

175.72

Total

72,817.68 121,677.27 194,494.95 3,779.50 287,251.38 91,806.02 382,836.90 (188,341.95

Paid into Bank during 1936, which sum includes $12.55 for work executed in 1935 $3,559.35. Value of work executed during 1936 for which payment was deferred to 1937 $232.70.

יג

HONG KONG.

MEDICAL & SANITARY

REPORT

FOR THE YEAR 1936

BY

A. R. WELLINGTON,

Director of Medical Services.

M 3

INDEX.

CONTENTS.

Page

7

17

SECTION.

INTRODUCTION

I. ADMINISTRATION

II. PUBLIC HEALTH:-

PART I-VITAL STATISTICS:-

(a) POPULATION

29

(b) BIRTHS AND DEATHS REGISTRATION

30

(c) BIRTH STATISTICS

31

(d) DEATH STATISTICS

31

(e) VITAL STATISTICS OF EUROPEAN CIVILIAN

POPULATION

33

PART II-HEALTH CONDITIONS:

(a) GENERAL REMARKS

(b) MALARIA

34

34

(c) INFECTIOUS DISEASES:

(i) Plague

37

(ii) Smallpox

37

(iii) Cerebro-spinal Fever

38

(iv) Diphtheria

38

(v) Enteric

38

(vi) Pulmonary Tuberculosis

39

(vii) Leprosy

39

(viii) Rabies

41

(ix) Dysentery

41

III.

HYGIENE AND SANITATION:-

A. GENERAL

REMARKS-ADMINISTRA-

TION

B. PREVENTIVE MEASURES AGAINST MOSQUITOES AND INSECT BORNE DISEASES

42

43

SECTION.

- M 4

INDEX.

CONTENTS.

C. GENERAL MEASURES OF SANITA-

TION:

Page

(a) DOMESTIC CLEANLINESS

44

(b) SCAVENGING

45

(c) CONSERVANCY AND SEWERAGE DISPOSAL.

45

(d) DRAINAGE

45

(e) WATER SUPPLIES

45

(f) COMMON LODGING HOUSES

46

D. LABOUR CONDITIONS

46

E. HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING

47

F. FOOD IN RELATION TO HEALTH

AND DISEASE:

(a) MARKETS, SLAUGHTER HOUSES AND

DAIRIES

50

(b) DEFICIENCY DISEASES

51

(c) MEASURES TAKEN TO SPREAD THE KNOW-

LEDGE OF HYGIENE AND SANITATION

51

(d) TRAINING OF SANITARY PERSONNEL

52

IV. SCHOOL HYGIENE

53

V. PORT HEALTH WORK AND ADMINIS-

TRATION:

A. GENERAL

59

B. QUARANTINE

60

C. EMIGRATION

60

D. DISINFECTION AND FUMIGATION

61

E. VACCINATION

61

F. TABLES I, II, III, IV, V

62

G. SANITARY CONTROL OF AERIAL

NAVIGATION

65

M.5

INDEX.

CONTENTS.

SECTION.

VI. MATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE:-

A. MATERNITY · HOSPITAL

MODATION

B. MIDWIVES

Page

ACCOM-

67

C. ANTE-NATAL AND INFANT WELFARE

WORK

VII. HOSPITALS, INSTITUTES, ETC.:-

GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS:

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL

67

69

VICTORIA HOSPITAL

KOWLOON HOSPITAL

22

75

78

79

TSAN YUK HOSPITAL

81

GOVERNMENT INFECTIOUS DISEASES HOSPITAL

82

X-RAY DEPARTMENT

82

VENEREAL DISEASES CLINICS

7

8-1

GOVERNMENT DISPENSARIES

86

VIII. CHINESE HOSPITALS

AND DISPEN-

SARIES:-

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL

88

KWONG WAH HOSPITAL

90

TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL

91

TUNG WAH SMALLPOX HOSPITAL

93

CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES (9 in all) ..

94

IX. PRISONS

98

X. METEOROLOGY

100

SECTION.

XI. SCIENTIFIC:-

M 6

INDEX.

CONTENTS.

A. BACTERIOLOGICAL INSTITUTE

B. THE PUBLIC MORTUARIES:

(a) PUBLIC MORTUARY, VICTORIA

(b) PUBLIC MORTUARY, KOWLOON

XII. THE NEW TERRITORIES—

PUBLIC HEALTH AND SANITATION

APPENDIX A.-REPORT OF THE

Page

102

103

104

105

GOVERN-

......

116

MENT BACTERIOLOGIST

APPENDIX B.-REPORT OF THE GOVERN-

MENT MALARIOLOGIST ...

APPENDIX C.-REPORT OF THE GOVERN-

MENT ANALYST.

APPENDIX D.-REPORT OF THE UNIVERSITY CLINICAL UNITS AT THE GOV. ERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL

127

162

172

APPENDIX E.-GOVERNMENT

HOSPITALS

RETURN OF DISEASES & DEATHS

178

APPENDIX F.-CHINESE

HOSPITALS - RE-

TURN DEATHS

OF DISEASES

&

178

APPENDIX G.—MORTUARIES - RETURN OF

DISEASES

APPENDIX H.-REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS &

DEATHS

197

213

- M 7

Appendix M.

ANNUAL MEDICAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDING

31ST DECEMBER, 1936.

Introduction.

Geographical Features.

In order to give a clear impression of the Public Health conditions obtaining in Hong Kong, it is necessary first to describe the situation of the Colony, its geographical features, its climate, the nature of the population, the housing conditions and the bearing old Chinese traditions, beliefs, and customs have on the question of co-operation with the authorities in the pro- motion and preservation of the Public Health. It is also desir- able to indicate the various organisations which together make up the Public Health machinery.

2. The Territory under British jurisdiction includes the Colony Proper, namely, the Island of Hong Kong with the Peninsula of Kowloon, and the New Territories. The area of the Island is 32 square miles that of Kowloon is 2.2/3 square miles while the New Territories have approximately 300 square

miles.

3. Situated between 22°9′ and 22°37′ North Latitude the area under discussion is just within the northern limits of the tropics. It is in fact practically on the same level as Calcutta. It may be said to form the lower extremity of the left bank of the estuary of the Canton River, at the head of which is the City of Canton and on the right bank of which stands the Portuguese Colony of Macao.

4. Topographically the Island of Hong Kong and the Peninsula of Kowloon may be described as a series of granite ridges separated by narrow valleys and having here and there flat areas facing the sea. The New Territory is of similar forna- tion with some fairly wide valleys towards the north and west. The features are such that flats suitable for town sites are few in number and limited in extent. In the Island the only level of any size is that on which the City of Victoria stands and this does not cover more than one square mile. With regards to Kowloon, not more than one half is flat and convenient for street formation.

7

M 8

The Climate.

5. Situated just within the northern limits of the tropics and occupying an insular position immediately south of the great land mass of China, Hong Kong's climate is very materially influenced by the direction of the prevailing winds. The North East Monsoon blows from November until April and during this period the weather is dry and cool and invigorating. From May until October, the season of the South West Monsoon, the air is highly charged with moisture and the climate is hot, muggy and enervating. July, August, and September are marked by atmospheric disturbances which now and then culminate in typhoons or cyclones accompanied by blinding sheets of rain.

6. The mean annual temperature is 72°F. During the sum- mer months the average temperature is 87°F, and there is little' variation throughout the twenty-four hours. Situated on the north side of the Island the City of Victoria gets all the heat and moisture of the South West Monsoon but not the breeze, which is cut off by the mountains behind the town. During the winter months the range of temperature is from 70°F. to 45°F. with an average 66°F. necessitating for comfort the wearing of warm clothes and the provision of fires in the houses.

Frost is prac-. tically unknown.

7. The average yearly rainfall is 85.72 inches. As might be expected most of the rain falls in the summer months.

Population and its distribution.

8. Hong Kong, which depends for its prosperity on its trade with China, has three-fourths of its population concentrated in the cities of Victoria and Kowloon which face each other across Victoria Harbour, a stretch of water almost a mile wide at the narrowest point.

9. With regard to numbers, except in census years, there are no accurate statistical figures, the great movement to and from the Colony and the facility with which the border is crossed preventing accurate checking. Hong Kong being the principal entrepot for South China and its harbour one of the busiest in the world, every day on an average 6,000 to 7,000 individuals pass to and froin China by river steamer or by rail and there are others who arrive and depart by junks or smaller vessels. During times of political unrest in China many thousands from the mainland sojourn in the Colony, some of whom return to their homes when conditions are more settled, others remaining attracted by the opportunities offered for employment.

10. The total civil population of the Colony is estimated to exceed 900,000, of which some 400,000 reside in the City of Victoria, 300,000 in the town of Kowloon, over 100,000 on boats in the waters of the Colony and the remainder in villages.

- M 9-

11. There are over 20,000 local boats registered at the Harbour Office, the occupants of each of which vary in number from four to forty according to the size and character of the craft. The Harbour Authorities believe the population to be 150,000 and certainly 100,000 cannot be an overestimate.

12. Of the total population over 95 per cent are Chinese. According to the Census Report one third of the whole were born in the Colony. The remainder are mostly those who have come from China attracted by the facilities offered for employ- ment. Children born in the Colony are frequently sent to the family homes in China, there to be brought up by the grand- parents, the parents remaining behind to earn their living. Many return to their native towns or villages when too ill or too old for labour. Through such exodus the death rates of the Colony are lower than they otherwise would be.

13. The masses are working people belonging to what is commonly described as the coolie class. The Chinese of the upper classes, many of whom have received a western education, are mostly engaged in commerce but there are among them a number of professional men, including both lawyers and doctors.

Housing Conditions.

14. The town plans of Victoria and Kowloon are widely different: the former may be described as old-fashioned and irregular, the latter as modern and regular.

sea.

15. The site on which Victoria stands is a narrow strip of land 4 miles long by 1/5th. to 2/5s. of a mile broad, lying at the northern foot of the mountain and separating it from the The total area of available space is about one square mile or 1/32nd. of that of the whole island. Limited in front by the sea and behind by the steep slopes of the mountain there remains hardly an inch of space which has not been occupied for one purpose or another. The conformation of the site with its rapid rise of land near the sea-shore led in the early days to the erection of houses on the narrow strip of land near the harbour and extending a little way up the lower slopes of the mountain, the houses being separated by narrow lanes and alley- When the population was small and the houses only one and two stories in height, the situation was not unsatisfactory. As the population increased the houses were heightened to four and five stories without any corresponding widening of the spaces separating them, and overcrowding with its attendant evils made its appearance.

16. Year by year the population continued to increase, immigration being accelerated by unrest in China. The great majority of immigrants were ignorant working people with a small wage earning capacity, accustomed to poverty, overcrowd- ing and insanitary conditions. Victoria was the centre of trade

M 10

and therefore the centre of attraction. There was little room to build further accommodation and the newcomers had to squeeze into the already overcrowded premises. Rooms were divided into cubicles which to a certain extent provided privacy but which interfered both with lighting and ventilation. Little space was reserved for kitchens, and latrine accommodation was often limited to one or more pail closets on the roofs of the buildings.

17. In the west-central and western districts where the bulk of the the masses find accommodation there are two hundred acres where the density is at least one thousand to the acre.

18. It goes without saying that the maintenance of a satis- factory standard of sanitation under such conditions is a most difficult problein and one which cannot be solved without the willing co-operation of the people. One thing is certain, so long as buildings are overcrowded and insanitary, no amount of external sanitation will give inmunity from disease.

19. Year by year the Sanitary Department and the Building Authority made efforts to improve the situation with a con- siderable amount of success both as regards palliative and radical treatment. The task almost sisyphean in itself was rendered more difficult by paucity of water and by opposition put forward both by property owners and by occupiers.

20. A Commission on Overcrowding is at present enquiring into the situation in the hope of finding some practical scheme which will offer a solution of the problem. There is no room for lateral expansion, and accommodation for those dehoused during a reconstruction scheine would be difficult to find.

21. Within the last few years some 70 acres have been added to the eastern section of the town by reclamation from the sea. This locality which is known as the Praya East Reclama- tion has been laid out in accordance with modern town planning principles, with wide streets, short lots and back-lanes. The greater part of it is now covered with dwelling houses which satisfy sanitary requirements. The density here is not more than 300 per acre.

22. Kowloon which is a comparatively new city has been town-planned on up-to-date lines with straight broad streets and back lanes. During the intercensus period 1921-1931 it increased in population 113.06 per cent. It is still rapidly growing and in a few years will equal Victoria or even exceed it. According to the census the density of population is 300 per acre.

Influence of traditional beliefs.

23. The traditional beliefs of the uneducated Chinese as to the cause of diseases, the means of spread and the factors which affect its course are so at variance with modern teaching that

*

M 11 -

there is little chance of promoting voluntary co-operation be- tween them and the authorities in the anatter of the prevention and control of disease until they can be brought to understand the true nature of the problems and are conscious of the useful- ness of the measures advocated. The proximity of China and the constant intercourse make it harder to overcome prejudices than is the case in countries further afield. The greatest hope lies in propaganda and education brought to the homes through public health nurses working as district visitors, or infant welfare centres and school welfare centres.

24. Propaganda which does not arouse the interest of the mother and her children has little practical value. However, leaders of opinion in China and leaders of Chinese thought in Hong Kong are making vigorous efforts to promote public health and public welfare along lines which have proved successful in the Occident, and the outlook is far more hopeful than was the case a few years ago when Chinese thought on matters of health was unduly swayed by old traditions and theories.

Quarantine impractical between Hong Kong and the

River Ports.

25. So closely related are Hong Kong, Canton, Macao and the River Ports, in the matter of trade, and such is the amount of traffic both human and goods which passes between them that up to date it has been found impossible to devise any system of quarantine which would effectually safeguard one city against introduction of disease from the other and at the same time preserve that freedom of commercial movements on which these cities depend for prosperity. It has been deemed best to treat them as forming one unit, as suburbs the one of the other, and to strive for a working agreement between the various health organisations to the end that some means, other than imposing restrictions against a whole port, may be found to prevent the spread of infection.

The Government Organisation for the promotion and

maintenance of the Public Health.

26. The Colony has no Municipality in the accepted sense of the term, the Governor himself being head of the city and head of the port." The functions of a Municipal Council are to some extent exercised by an Urban Council whose powers are advisory rather than executive. Colonial Heads of Depart- ment perform duties which in a Municipality would be carried out by Municipal Heads of Department. The execution of the various public health laws is effected partly by the Medical Department, partly by the Sanitary Department, and partly by the Public Works Department.

M 12

27. The Director of Medical Services is the official adviser to Government and to the Urban Council on all medical

and sanitary matters. Under a scheme which came into force at the beginning of the year the Medical and Sanitary Departments were brought into close relationship by the Director of Medical Services becoming Vice-Chairman of the Urban Council and assuming general direction over the activities of the Health Officers under whom were grouped the various sanitary inspectors.

28. The Urban Council and the Sanitary Department are concerned with:-

(a) the Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance which

deals with sanitation generally;

(b) the Public Health (Food) Ordinance which deals with slaughter houses, markets, dairies, food fac- tories, food shops, restaurants and eating shops.

(c) the Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordinance.

(d) the Public Health (Animals and Birds) Ordinance which deals with animal quarantine and prevention of disease.

29. The Medical Department is responsible for:-

(a) registration of births and deaths in co-operation with

the Police.

(b) quarantine and prevention of disease.

(c) vaccination.

(d) venereal diseases clinics.

(e) leprosy control.

(f) maternity and infant welfare and the supervision

of midwives.

(g) school hygiene in co-operation with the Education

Department.

(h) prison medical service in co-operation with the

Prison Department.

(1) Government hospitals and dispensaries.

(i) inspection of Chinese hospitals and dispensaries, in co-operation with the Secretary for Chinese Affairs. (k) the activities of the Bacteriological Institute and the

Malaria Bureau. ·

(1) the activities of the Government Laboratories. (m) medico legal work.

}

- M 13

30. The Public Works Department is responsible for:—

(a) surveys, town planning streets and roads.

(b) buildings and building operations.

(c) water works, drainage, and sewerage.

(d) harbour engineering works.

(e) Crown lands.

31. The Police and Fire Department is responsible for Ambulances and the transport of the sick and wounded.

32. The following are the Government institutions for

medical relief:-

On the Island:·

Accommo- dation.

Authority in Control.

Government Civil Hospital.

246 beds.

Medical Department.

Mental Hospital

32

12

22

Victoria Hospital

72

22

21

Tsan Yuk Maternity

Hospital

60

";

Hospital

Infectious Diseases

Gaol Hospital

Violet Peel Health Centre.

Venereal Diseases Centres.

(two in number)

88888

26

22

30

21

3

In Kowloon:

Kowloon Hospital

Maternity & Infant Welfare

Centre

Venereal Diseases Centres!

(two in number)

In the New Territories:

131

22

Jubilee Dam Hospital

24

Ruttonjee Dispensary,

Sham Tseng

Un Long Dispensary

Lady Ho Tung Welfare

Centre

Taipo Dispensary and

Maternity Ward

Sai Kung Dispensary

Tai O Dispensary

5

22

*

M 14

33. In the New Territories there is a well equipped motor travelling dispensary which visits those villages which are on the road and which are situated at a distance from the institu- tions listed above. Each village is visited three times a week. Cases requiring in-patient treatment in hospital are sent to the Kowloon Hospital by motor ambulance.

34. Maternity and Child Welfare is carried out at two special centres one in Victoria the other in Kowloon.

35. School Hygiene and medical examination of school children is carried out by the school medical branch of the Medical Department working in co-operation with the Education Department.

36. A special branch of the Medical Department working in close association with the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs makes periodical inspections of the Chinese Hospitals and Chinese Public Dispensaries.

37. Bacteriological and serological investigations are carried out at the Bacteriological Institute where vaccine lymph, anti- rabic vaccine and anti-meningococcic serum are prepared.

38. The Malaria Bureau carries out investigations with regard to mosquitology and malariology and supervises anti-malaria oiling and draining. It co-operates with the Sanitary Depart- ment and with the naval, military and air force authorities.

39. Quarantine and Port Health Activities, including the fumigation and disinfection of ships, the examination of emi- grants and vaccination, are carried out by the Port Health Branch.

40. Registration of Births and Deaths is controlled by the Medical Department working in association with the Police and the Chinese Public Dispensaries.

Non-Government Organisations engaged in

Public Health Works.

41. In addition to the Government organisation there are in the Colony a number of Benevolent Societies and Associations whose activities in the cause of public health are of great benefit

to

the community. The chief among these are:-the Tung Wah Hospital Charity, the Chinese Public Dispensaries, the various Missionary Societies, the Granville Sharp Estate, the Society for the Protection of Children, the St. John Ambulance Association, the St. John Ambulance Brigade, the Y.W.C.A. and the Y.M.C.A.

42. A description of the Tung Wah Hospital and the Chinese Public Dispensaries will be found in the body of the report.

- M 15

43. The St. John Ambulance Association teaches first aid and home nursing and issues certificates after examination to success- ful candidates. Many hundreds of certificates have been issued. Under the aegis of the Association a number of centres have been established in the New Territories, staffed by full time Nurse-midwives. These include a hospital at Cheung Chau, three small maternity hospitals with dispensary attached and six separate dispensaries.

44. The St. John Ambulance Brigade, which is distinct from the Association, is a body which practises in the field the theory taught by the latter. The Brigade which holds a strong position in the Colony does excellent work both in the training of per- sonnel and in the performance of first aid duties. The Brigade renders valuable assistance to the Government especially with regard to vaccination and propaganda.

The Government Medical Departinent co-operates as far as possible with the Association and the Brigade. A number of Government Medical Officers hold commissioned ranks in the Brigade and assist the Association by lectures and demonstra- tions. Probationary home nurses receive practical instruction in the Government Civil Hospital.

In the New Territories arrangements have been made whereby Government Medical Officers pay routine visits to some of the centres and all can be called at any time for emergency work.

Medical Education.

45. The Faculty of Medicine of the University of Hong Kong provides a six years' course in premedical and medical sciences leading to the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery which are awarded on examination. Most of the clinical teaching is carried out at the Government Civil Hospital and the Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital where beds have been placed under the care of the clinical professors who are sultants to the Government and who have been appointed respectively Surgeon, Physician and Obstetric Physician to the Government Civil Hospital. The degrees of the Medical Faculty are recognised by the General Medical Council for registration in Great Britain.

con-

46. Courses of training for nurses and midwives have been established at a number of hospitals in the Colony. Examina- tions are held and certificates issued by the Midwives Examina- tion Board and by the Nurses Examination Board.

Progress with regard to Reorganisation and Expansion.

47. On the first of the year ordinances necessary to give effect to the scheme for the reorganisation of the medical and sanitary services came into force.

-M 16

48. The omnibus and out of date Public Health and Build- ings Ordinance was replaced by a number of ordinances each dealing with its own side of the public health complex. The Sanitary Board was replaced by an Urban Council of which the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services became vice-chairman and adviser on all matters of public health including sanitation. It is now the duty of the D.M.S. to superintend the enforce- ment and observance of all Ordinances relating to the Public Health and of the by-laws and regulations inade thereunder. For this purpose the Sanitary Inspectors will be grouped under the Health Officers who will be under the general direction of the D.M.S.

49. The scheme represents for Hong Kong the organisation which has proved successful in municipalities such as Glasgow and Toronto modified to suit local conditions and local opinion. If carried out fully by each department concerned working in the spirit of sympathetic co-operation it should give satisfaction.

50. The financial depression which commenced in 1930 and which has continued ever since delayed progress very consider- ably and a number of things which otherwise would have been done had to be postponed. A new mental hospital, a new in- fectious diseases hospital, a leper asylum, much needed expansion to the Kowloon hospital, urgently required accom- modation and equipment for radiological work and physiotherapy and a teaching centre near the University could not be provided.

51. It was found impossible to include in the estimates pro- vision for the emoluments of a Senior Health Officer, a post absolutely essential for the proper running of the new scheme. The appointment of a Dental Surgeon and an Ophthalmologist had again to be postponed.

52. The Queen Mary Hospital:-Work on the Queen Mary Hospital was continued and at the end of the year it was nearing completion. It should be ready for occupation towards the middle of 1937. This fine institution of 500 beds will take the place of the Government Civil and the Victoria Hospitals which ultimately will be closed. Situated on the south side of the Island in open surroundings and five hundred feet above mean sea level the hospital conimands an uninterrupted view of the sea and islands to the south and west. The site is sufficiently elevated to catch the full benefits of the summer breezes but low enough to escape the hill fogs which are so prevalent in the hot season.

M 17

―

SECTION I.

53. The total

Administration.

authorised establishment of the Medical

Department for the year 1936 was as follows:

Administrative Staff.

The Director of Medical Services

Deputy Director of Medical Services

1

I

Clerical Staff.

Secretary

Assistant Secretary

Stenographer

1

1

1

Accountant

Clerk Class I

1

1

II

1

"

III

3

"

IV

2

V

"}

VIA

VIB

""

>>

Special Class

5

3

20

2

20

INVESTIGATIVE DIVISION.

Bacteriological Institute.

Bacteriologist

1

Assistant Bacteriologist

1

Senior Laboratory Assistant

1

Laboratory Assistants

5

Malaria Bureau.

Malariologist

1

Assistant to Malariologist

1

Malarial Inspectors

5

- M 18

Chemical Division.

Government Analyst

1

Assistant Analysts

3

Assistant Analyst (Chinese)

1

Assistant Analyst (Chinese) Class II

1

Sampler

HEALTH DIVSION.

Urban Branch.

Health Officers

2

Chinese Health Officers

Lady Medical Officer (Part time)

1

1

Port Health Branch.

Port Health Officers and Inspectors of Emigrants....

Chinese Port Health Officers

Port Health Inspector

Health Inspector

Public Vaccinators

Fumigating and Disinfecting Bureau.

Fumigator

Venereal Diseases Branch.

2

1

1

12

1

Venereal Diseases Officer

1

Chinese Venereal Diseases Officer

1

Venereal Diseases Technical Assistant

1.

Dressers

4

Venereal Diseases Nurse

1

Maternity and Child Welfare Branch.

Lady Medical Officer

Chinese Lady Medical Officer

Infant Welfare Nurses

Interpreter

1

1

7

1

- M 19

School Hygiene Branch.

Health Officer for Schools

Chinese Medical Officers for Schools

School Nurses

Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries Branch.

Visiting Health Officer

Lady Visiting Medical Officer

2

10

1

1

Chinese Resident Medical Officers

3

Chinese Lady Medical Officers

3

Stenographer

1

Dispensary Nurse

1

Midwives

6

MEDICAL DIVISION.

Clinical Branch.

Government Consultants

Senior Medical Officer

Medical Officers

Chinese Medical Officers

1

10

4

House Officers

Nursing Staff (General).

Principal Matron

1

Matrons

3

Assistant Matron

1

Home Sisters

Tutor Sister

2

Nursing Sisters

50

Nurse (Staff)

13

Nurses (Probationers)

44

Midwives

2

Dressers (Charge)

6

Dressers (Probationers)

28

Linen Maid

1

M 20-

Nursing Staff (Mental Hospital).

Head Attendant

Assistant Attendant

Mental Nurses

Wardmasters

Kennedy Town Hospital (Infectious Diseases).

Nurses (Staff)

Dresser (Charge)

Dressers (Staff)

Steward

Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital.

1

1

3

1

3

1

2

1

House Medical Officer

Matron

1

1

Assistant Matron

1

Midwives

4

Pupil Midwives

13

Stewards.

Steward

1

Assistant Steward

1

Pharmacy Branch.

Apothecary

Assistant Apothecary

1

Storekeeper

1

Dispensers (Charge)

4

Dispensers (Staff)

4

Dispensers (Probationers)

6

Radiological Branch.

Radiologist

1

Radiographers

2

Masseuses

2

X-Ray Sister

1

Probationer Masseuses

Radiographic Assistants

3

2

3

M 21

New Territories Branch.

Medical Officer

Chinese Medical Officers

Midwives

Dresser (Charge) for Travelling Dispensary

Miscellaneous.

Office Attendants, Messengers, Wardboys, Amahs,

Coolies, etc.

1

2

10

1

.381

54. The following were the principal changes in personnel:

Dr. W. B. A. Moore, O.B.E., Deputy Director of Medical Services went on leave on 22nd February prior to retirement. Dr. D. J. Valentine acted as Deputy Director of Medical Services during Dr. Moore's absence.

Dr. I. Newton, Medical Officer, acted as M. O. i/c. Surgical Unit from 15th March to 14th October during Prof. K. H. Digby's absence.

Dr. T. W. Ware, Visiting Health Officer Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries, went on leave 18th September. Dr. (Mrs.) G. R. Nash acted as Visiting Medical Officer Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries from 18th September to 10th November during Dr. Ware's absence.

Dr. J. E. Dovey acted as Visiting Medical Officer Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries from 11th November.

Dr. R. B. Jackson went on leave on 7th March to 9th December. Dr. J. B. Mackie acted as Malariologist during Dr. Jackson's absence.

Miss S. I. Summerskill went on leave on 21st April. Miss J. A. Davis acted as Principal Matron from 21st April to 2nd June during Miss Summerskill's absence.

Miss J. A. Davis went on leave on 3rd June prior to retire ment. Miss S. F. Sutton, Home Sister, acted as Principal Matron from 3rd June.

Miss I. N. Watkins went on leave on 6th March. Miss A. I. Smith acted as Tutor Sister from 6th March to 9th December during Miss I. N. Watkin's absence.

M 22

Miss A. M. Davies, Nursing Sister, acted as Matron Civil Hospital from 3rd June.

Miss D. P. Geen, Senior Sister, acted as Matron Kowloon Hospital from 3rd June.

Miss M. A. Wilson, Nursing Sister, acted as Home Sister from 21st April.

Miss A. M. Cullinan, Nursing Sister, acted as Assistant Matron, Civil Hospital, from 21st April.

Mr. A. Jackson, Assistant Analyst, was transferred to Straits Settlements on 24th January.

The Title of Director of Medical and Sanitary Services and Deputy Director of Medical and Sanitary Services were changed to Director of Medical Services and Deputy Director of Medical Services respectively in the latter part of the year. The change was one of title only, the powers and duties of the two officers were not altered.

55.

Name of Officer.

APPOINTMENTS.

Designation.

Date of

assump- tion of duty.

Dr. D. A. Smith Dr. (Mrs.) L. Fehily

Mr. W. Littlewood Mr. J. Redman Mr. C. W. Haynes

K. Trickett

A. C. Hill

J. H. McLellan M. S. Thompson O. S. Jeffery

Medical Officer Lady Medical Officer and Supervisor of Midwives (Part-time)

Port Health Inspector Assistant Analyst Assistant Attendant,

Mental Hospital

Nursing Sister

do.

do.

do.

do.

27. 5.36

22. 2.36

6. 2.36

5. 3.36

30. 9.36

6. 2.36

19. 6.36

19. 6.36

26.11.36 26.11.86

56.

M 23

RESIGNATIONS OR RETIREMENTS.

Name of Officer.

Designation.

Date of Resigna- tion or Retirement

Dr. W. B. A. Moore

Deputy Director of Medical Services

21.10.36

Miss J. A. Davis

Matron,

Kowloon Hospital

29. 9.36

Dr. (Mrs.) A. L. J. Dovey Lady Medical Officer and

Miss L. C. Mallows Miss F. Berkeley Miss H. M. Griffiths

Miss J. E. Robson

Supervisor of Midwives (Part-time)

Nursing Sister

do.

22. 2.36

17. 4.36

16. 8.36

do.

do.

5.12.36 24.10.36

Miss V. P. C. Weightman

do.

29. 4.36

57.

Name of Officer.

PROMOTION.

Designation.

Date of Promo- tion

Dr. D. J. Valentine

Miss S. I. Summerskill Miss S. F. Sutton Miss D. P. Geen

Deputy Director of

Medical Services

Principal Matron

Kowloon Hospital

21.10.36

30.11.35

Matron, Civil Hospital Matron,

30.11.35

30. 9.36

Miss M. A. Wilson

Home Sister,

Kowloon Hospital

30. 9.36

Mr. L. A. Collyer

Head Attendant, Mental

Hospital

1. 1.36

Miss A. M. Davies

Assistant Matron

1. 1.36

58.

NEW YEAR HONOURS.

O.B.E. (Civil)

DR. WILLIAM BROWNLOW ASHE MOORE, Deputy Director of Medical Services, Hong Kong, to be an officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire, Civil Division.

59.

M 24

EXPENDITURE FOR 1936 AND 1935 COMPARED.

1935.

1936.

Personal Emoluments

$1,007,818.43 $1,187,718.31

OTHER CHARGES.

A.-Staff.

Conveyance Allowances

$ 15,050.91 $ 14,488.45

B.-General.

Artificial Limbs

$

34.50 $

90.00

Bedding and Clothing

15,888.74

23,513.77

Board for 5 House Officers

1,825.00

1,830.00

Board and Lodging for 6 Pupil

Midwives

368.00

432.00

Books

279.11

419.12

Bonuses to Dispensary Licentiates

and Clerks for vaccination of

children and registration of births

4,638.10

4,825.30

Cleansing Materials

6,770.67

5,317.57

Dental and other Special Treat-

ment

1,677.00

3,740.83

Expenses of Courses of Study and attendance at Medical Con-

gresses

3,732.83

4,945.14

Fuel and Light

59,205.62

63,424.51

Grants to Protestant and Roman

Catholic Chaplains for Re-

ligious Services

1,800.00

1,800.00

Incidental Expenses

2,394.31

2,997.65

Maintenance of lunatics at Canton..

8,943.46

11,485.63

Medical Comforts ....

343.52

259.72

Medicines, Surgical Appliances

and Instruments

64,580.21

79,568.75

Notification Fees, Infectious

diseases

133.00

- M 25 -

B.-General,—contd.

Nursing Board Expenses

1,926.90

2,389.50

Provisions for Patients

99,432.02

96,684.35

Rent of Premises for Dispensaries,

and Infant Welfare Centre

4,940.00

3,994.50

Transport

1,424.37

1,431.92

Treatment of Opium addicts

2,069.50

2,056.00

Upkeep of Hospital Equipment, etc.

9,556.68

8,144.81

X-Ray Apparatus, Running Ex-

penses and Maintenance

12,542.70

11,608.76

Running Expenses of Travelling Dispensary and Motor bus for Lady Ho Tung Welfare Centre.

Ventilation of Operating Theatre ...

867.40

1,316.00

389.15

407.45

Washing

17,145.03

18,701.44

C.-Port Health Officer's Office.

1935.

1936.

Conveyance Allowances.

$

130.82

$

252.59

Incidental Expenses, etc.

338.81

333.03

Uniforms

188.52

170.60

Disinfecting & Fumigating Bureau,

Running Expenses

14,189.53

3,967.43

Repairs and Replacements

13,014.00

466.63

D.-Bacteriological Institute.

Animals and Fodder

$ 2,406.79 $ 2,249.90

Anti-rabic work

104.74

371.56

Apparatus and Chemicals

986.75

875.66

Books and Journals

40.60

34.62

Conveyance Allowances

173.71

351.27

Fuel and Light

1,295.20

1,244.97

Incidental Expenses

713.00

573.74

M 26

D.-Bacteriological Institute,--contd.

Preparation of Vaccines, Serum,

etc.

Uniforms

1,165.80

729.56

177.21

160.37

E.-Mortuaries, Victoria and Kowloon.

Conveyance Allowance for Kowloon..

Messenger

$

18.00

24.00

Fuel and Light

81.82

97.22

Uniforms

20.64

42.42

F.-Malaria Bureau.

Anti Malarial Field Work

$ 847.60

800.91

Conveyance Allowances

1,907.40

1,739.96

Equipment

1,368.83

636.91

Incidental Expenses

251.11

167.33

Uniforms

576.82

643.28

G.-Analytical Laboratory.

Apparatus and Chemicals.

2,383.79

$

3,607.47

Books and Journals

175.17

185.87

Conveyance Allowances

Fuel and Light

Incidental Expenses

180.00

178.00

707.77

729.03

309.56

314.70

Uniforms

Total Personal Emoluments

74.15

87.84

and Other Charges.......$1,399,472.30 $1,574,761.35

SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.

1935.

1936.

Anti-gas Equipment

$

$

682.50

Equipment for Kowloon Hospital..

2,792.01

Steel Office Equipment

635.00

566.00

Equipinent for Tai Po Dispensary.......

2,089.16

M 27

SPECIAL EXPENDITURE,-Contd.

Refrigerator for Tsan Yuk Hospital.

Miscroscope for V.D. Clinic

X-Ray Apparatus

Emulsifying Machine

Equipment for Queen Mary

Hospital

Repairs and Calibration of Instru-

ments for Govt. Laboratory

Suction Hose for Disinfecting &

Fumigating Bureau

774.00

495.65

7,347.82

2,168.45

5.688.33

10.62

450.00

Total Special Expenditure ....$

14,133.64 $ 9,565.90

Total Medical Department

$1,403,605.94 $1,584,327.25

60.

REVENUE FOR 1935 AND 1936 COMPARED.

1935.

1936.

Medical Treatment

88,800.31 $ 101,995.86

Bacteriological Examination

8,071.25

6,096.80

Chemical Analyses

30,773.50

34,797.25

Bills of Health

8,856.00

9,102.00

Medical Examination of Emigrants.

156,310.30

164,046.00

Official Certificates

1,625.00

2,291.00

Births and Deaths Registration

4,288.00

5,227.00

Consultants Fees

2,988.50

2,662.50

Fumigration and Disinfection Fees.

9,678.37

12,613.68

Midwives Enrolment and Retention.

24.00

10.00

Maternity Home Registration

Total

.$ 311,391.23 $ 338,866.09

Personal Emoluments

Year.

& Other Charges.

1927

$ 721,623.32

$ 16,409.47

1928.

808,412.61

1929.

878,058.19

61.

M 28-

EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT

FOR THE PAST TEN YEARS,

Special Expenditure.

23.37

17,061.08

Total Expenditure..

$ 738,032.79 808,435.98 895,119.27

Total Revenue.

$ 307,744.48

306,347.62

299,524.51

1930.

1,172,791.22

51,305.06

1,224,096.28

267,887.66

1931.

1,325,353.30

52,697.76

1,378,051.06

243,256.99

1932.

1,316,575.34

6,689.20

1,323,264.54

260,164.87

1933.

1,409,905.40

4,176.19

1,414,081.59

265,859.34

1934.

1,483,969.06

21,294.99

1,505,264.05

300,900.18

1935.

1,389,472.30

14,133.64

1,403,605.94

311,390.23

1936.

1,574,761.35

9,565.90

1,584,327.25

338,866.09

62. In drawing comparisons between the expenditure and revenue of different years it should not be forgotten that the Hong Kong dollar is based on silver and its value rises and falls with the place of that metal. Most of the European officers draw sterling salaries and the bulk of the drugs, dressings and instruments are obtained from England and paid for in sterling. With the exchange at a shilling, the number of dollars expended on sterling priced material is double what it would have been had the exchange been two shillings to the dollar.

RATIO OF EXPENDITURE ON MEDICAL SERVICES TO

TOTAL REVENUE FROM ALL SOURCES.

63. The total Revenue of the Colony from all sources was estimated at $29,598,148.00.

64. Because of the overlapping which occurs when a work serves both a utilitarian and a sanitary service it is impossible to assess exactly the amounts which have been spent for purely medical and sanitary purposes. Including all water works and drainage works as sanitary works, the following (which include the salaries of the P.W.D. staff concerned) shows the commit- ments as laid down in the Estimates for 1936.

Expenditure by Medical Department

*

Sanitary Department

Public Works Department Police Department

2)

}}

"}

Motor Ambulance Service

"}

Subsidies to Charities

Total

$ 1,651,378.00

1,021,517.00 2,980,861.00

300.00

26,797.91

179,836.00

$5,860,689.91

65. Ratio of expenditure on Medical Services to total

revenue

5,860,689.91

29,598,148.00

-****

19.80 per cent.

66. If the expenditure on Water Works be not taken into account the ratio is 17.33 per cent.

M 29

SECTION II.

Public Health.

PART I-VITAL STATISTICS.

CIVIL POPULATION.

67. The estimated civil population for the whole of the territories under British jurisdiction at the middle of the year was 988,190 of which 966,358 or 97.8 per cent was Chinese and 21,832 or 2.20 per cent non-Chinese. The distribution was as follows:-

Urban area of Victoria:-

Europeans and Americans.

4,347

Other non-Chinese races Chinese

5,958

382,119

392,424

Villages of Hong Kong:-

Europeans and Americans

357

Other non-Chinese races

120

Chinese

50,605

51,082

443,506

Total for Hong Kong Island

Urban area of Kowloon including New Kowloon:-

Europeans and Americans

4,909

Other non-Chinese races

6,116

Chinese

327,858

Total for Kowloon & New Kowloon

338,883

Junks and Sampans:-

Chinese

100,000

New Territories exclusive of New Kowloon:-

Europeans and Americans

Chinese

Total civil population

25*

105,776

105,801

988,190

* In addition there were 26 engaged temporarily at Shing Mun Dam.

M 30

68. During the year 2,977,205 persons entered and 2,987,772 left the Colony, by steamer and by railroad, making a surplus of emigrants over immigrants by these routes of 10,567. Fuller details are as follows:·

Arrived.

Departed.

River steamer

1,310,763

1,384,220

Railway

1,107,284

1,069,997

Ocean going steamers. 559,158

533,555

Total

2,977,205

2,987,772

69. This does not represent the total movement between Hong Kong and the neighbouring provinces of China for there are inany who arrive and depart by coasting vessels, junks and sanipans. It is estimated that on an average over 8,000 arrive and depart daily.

BIRTHS AND DEATHS REGISTRATION.

70. The Registration of Births and Deaths Ordinance has since 1911 applied to the whole territory under British jurisdic- tion but until 1932 no action was taken to enforce it in the New Territories where registration of both births and deaths had been the exception rather than the rule.

71. As a result of the better enforcement of the law and still more as a result of the introduction of a new Births and Deaths Registration Ordinance, which did away with certain fees and penalties, the registration of births increased throughout the Colony, more particularly in the New Territories.

72. Registration of births is however still far from complete and many births, especially of females, are never recorded.

78. In view of the increased numbers of the births and deaths registered in the New Territories, it was decided from 1934 to calculate the birth and death rates on the population of the whole Colony and not to exclude the New Territories as theretofore.

74. Death registration in the Colony being a necessary pre- liminary to a permit to bury, it may be taken for granted that practically all deaths are registered. Bodies found dumped or abandoned in the streets and open spaces, are taken to the Public Mortuaries where they are examined by the Medical Officer who fills in the necessary certificates which go through the Coroners' hands to the Registrar. All certificates of deaths are scrutinized by the Medical Officer of Health.

M 31

BIRTHS.

75. The following table shows the number of births regis- tered during the last five years:

Chinese

Non-Chinese

Total

1932.

..13,166

1933. 1934.* 14,909

20,424

1935.* 1936.*

24,510

26,853

431

453

462

527

530

...13,597

15,362

20,886

25,037

27,383

* Include those from New Territories.

DEATHS.

76. The deaths registered among the civilian population of the Colony (including New Kowloon and New Territories) was 26,356 (including 976 stillbirths) giving a crude death rate of 26.60 as compared with 22.90 for the previous year.

Estimated

Year

Deaths

population

Death rate per mille population

1935

Chinese Non-Chinese

21,913

944,971

23.19

220

21,370

10.25

1936

Chinese

.26,120

966,358

27.0

Non-Chinese

236

21,832

10.8

77. The principal diseases causing deaths were:

Death rate

Disease.

No. of deaths.

Percentage of total

per mille

deaths.

population.

1935

1936

Broncho-pneumonia

4,493

17.04

4.33

4.54

Pulmonary tuberculosis...

2,416

9.16

2.31

2.44

Pneumonia

851

3.22

0.48

0.86

Bronchitis

2,712

10.28

2.28

2.74

Diarrhoea (infantile)

2,381

9.03

1.31

2.40

Diarrhoea (over one year).

1,628

6.17 1.21

1.64

Dysentery

302

1.14

0.24

0.30

Nephritis

973

3.69

0.68

0.98

Heart disease heart

failure

800

3.03

0.77

0.80

Beri-beri

745

2.82

0.58

0.75

Malaria

503

1.90

0.41

0.50

Notifiable Diseases:

Smallpox

16

0.06

0.04

0.01

Enteric

136

0.51

0.09

0.13

Diphtheria

214

0.81

0.14

0.21

Cerebro-spinal meningitis.

65

0.24

0.05

0.06

Cholera

Plague

17.04%

- M 32

78. Death Clock showing percentage of total deaths caused by different diseases:

9-16%

10.28%

3.22%

9.02

Pucamonja

Bronchitis

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Broncho

Pregmanta

RESPIRATORY

DISEASES

Diarrhoea

(Infantife). Diarrhoea

(over one year)

Heart DiseasT

Nephritis

Beri Beri malaria Sysenter

Other Diseases

3.03%

3.69% 2·827

ery

1.90% 1.14%

32-52%

Infantile Mortality.

79. The numbers of deaths of infants under one year

were:-

Chinese

Non-Chinese

Total

9,905

19

9,924

80. If the figures for the Chinese births registered repre- sented the total births, which they do not, the infantile mortality rate for this race would be 372.42 as compared with 316.36 which was the equally incorrect rate for the previous year. Allowing that only one-third of the births are registered this would still mean a very high infantile mortality figure.

81. The mortality rate among the non-Chinese was 38.83 as compared with 56.92 in 1935.

M 33

The Dumping of the Dead.

82. The following table shows the number of unknown dead bodies found by the Police in the streets and elsewhere during the last five years:-

1932 1933

1934

1935 1936

Victoria

383

357

289

214

270

Kowloon

884

881

679

708

690

Harbour

79

47

27

52

46

Elsewhere

82

62

61

64

85

1,038 1,091

1,427 1,347 1,056

83. All but 10 of the bodies dumped were children the majority being infants. The number of males exceeded that of females.

VITAL STATISTICS OF EUROPEAN CIVILIAN POPULATION.

84. The Europeans and Americans resident in the Colony are estimated to number 9,638 of whom 7,446 were British. The majority of Europeans and Americans are treated by private practitioners when ill, and figures are not available for calculat- ing incidence rates.

85. There were 138 deaths among the 9,638 giving a death rate of 14.31 per mille.

86. Vital Statistics of European Officials.

Number of Europeans (excluding temporary school

mistresses)

Average number resident in the Colony

Number invalided during 1936:

989

866

(a) when on leave at home

(b) in the Colony

Number died during 1936:-

(a) in the Colony

(b) when on leave at home

2

8

متحد

10

6

.. 1

7

:

M 34

PART II.-HEALTH CONDITIONS.

GENERAL REMARKS.

87. In the absence of some general system of registration of sickness, the only sources of information available for gauging the state of the public health in the Colony are the returns relating to deaths, the notifications of infectious diseases and the records of Government and Chinese hospitals. Judging from the death returns the health of the Colony was not so good as that of the previous year. The crude death rate was 26.60 per mille as compared with 22.90 for 1935.

88. Respiratory diseases accounted for 39.70 per cent of the total deaths; the percentage for 1935 was 41.62. The prin- cipal diseases causing death were broncho-pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchitis, infantile diarrhoea and diarrhoea.

89. The overcrowded houses, the expectorating habits of the people, and poverty, furnish sufficient explanation for the pre- valence of respiratory troubles.

MALARIA.

90. This disease which in the early days of the Colony was the great cause of death and from which Hong Kong derived its reputation of unhealthiness, has now practically disappeared from the populous centres of Victoria and Kowloon as the result of the destruction of the breeding places of the carriers through efficient drainage. There is still some malaria in the outskirts of the two towns and a considerable amount in the rural areas of both the Island and Mainland.

91. Very extensive work in the way of investigation and research has been carried out by the Maiariologist and his staff. Many thousands of anopheline larvae have been examined and identified and many thousands of anopheline adults have been captured and dissected. Serum tests with the contents of nosquito stomachs have shown what animal blood is preferred by each species. As a result of this work it is now known what species of anophelines exist in the Colony, where they breed, on what they feed and their malaria carrying powers.

92 The Colony now possesses all the knowledge necessary to successfully combat malaria. Any particular area eat be freed from the menace of mosquitoes, and kept free provided there be the power to act, the machinery to carry out the neces- sary measures and the means to pay the costs.

M 35

93. For many years the chief Vector in the Colony and New Territories was believed to be A. maculatus.. The re- searches of Dr. Jackson have proved this to be incorrect. A. maculatus is a carrier but is of far less importance in the spread of malaria than A. minimus and A. jeyporiensis.

94. It appears that species of mosquitoes, like races of men, can under different conditions of climate and surroundings develop differences in habits and tastes for food.. A. maculatus in Malaya readily takes human blood and is a very potent agent in the spread of malaria. In Hong Kong, where it is very pre- valent, it seems to prefer animals to humans and its importance as a Vector of paludism is much less pronounced.

95. A. hyrcanus the principal carrier in Shanghai is here of little importance in the spread of disease. Its rate of in- fection under natural conditions is low and it has a preference for animal blood.

96. Investigations have shown that swamps, ponds and other collections of water in the open plains away from the hills are more or less harmless and that the real danger lies within inosquito flight distance of the hills in the vicinity of which are to be found the breeding places of A. minimus, A. jeyperiensis and A. maculatus. Why it is we do not know, but spring water which has not lost its sparkle does seem to have some attraction for these three species. As a rule such water has a faint acid reaction due to dissolved carbonic acid gas. When it loses its

CO2

and becomes flat it ceases to attract.

97. Though paddy swamps on the open plains are factors of little importance in the spread of malaria the same cannot be said of the irrigated terraces which form the rice fields of the hilly country. These have been shown by the Malaria Bureau to be, under certain conditions, prolific breeding places for that powerful carrier A. jeyporiensis. The irrigation ditches leading to and from the rice fields harbour both A. jeyporiensis and A. minimus. Both of these species have a range of flight of at least half a mile.

98. Malaria not being a notifiable disease few figures are available to measure the actual extent of incidence throughout the Colony and New Territories.

99. On the hospital returns and on the returns furnished by certain government departinents, such as the Police, it is possible to base a guess as to whether the disease is on the increase or decrease generally, but that is all.

100. The cases admitted to Government Hospitals numbered 581 of which 21 or 3.6 per cent died. In the Chinese Hospitals there were 1,341 admissions of which 242 or 18 per cent died.

- M 36

101. Among those admitted to Government Hospitals there were 150 benign tertian, 266 sub-tertian and 7 quartan infec- tions.

102. The cases admitted to the Government Hospitals during the last ten years were as follows:

1927

1928

1929

1930

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

1936

670

485

653

535

585

465

475

457

... 384

581

103. Many of the Police Stations are screened and every man is provided with a mosquito net. Prophylactic quinine is issued and the living rooms are regularly sprayed with an insecticide in an endeavour to kill any adult mosquitoes that may be present. The police on night patrols are of course liable to infection.

104. The total number of deaths attributed to this disease was 503 giving a death rate of 0.50 per mille over the whole population. The low death rate is, of course, due to the fact that the great bulk of the population residing in the drained urban area is not subject to risks of infection. If figures for local districts were available it would be found that in some areas the incidence and death rates were very considerable.

105. During the year the Malaria Bureau continued its investigations into the life history, habits and carrying powers of the local anophelines. The results obtained were both interest- ing and instructive. As in previous years there was no obstruction from the local Chinese; on the contrary they took an interest in the proceedings and showed their eagerness to be of assistance. The Chinese Inspectors have shown ability and zeal.

108. The Bureau co-operated fully with the Army, the Royal Air Force, the Sanitary Department and Public Works Department. A full account of the activities of the Bureau will be found in Appendix "B".

M 37

INFECTIOUS DISEASES.

107. During the year there were reported 23 cases of small- pox, 123 cases of cerebro-spinal fever, 375 cases of diphtheria and 418 cases of enteric. There were no cholera cases and no plague.

Plague.

108. For the last seven years no cases of plague have been reported in Hong Kong. The disappearance of this disease not only from this Colony but from the greater part of China and its decline throughout the world are due to factors which are not understood.

109. Systematic rat-catching and periodical cleansing of houses were carried out throughout the year. Total number o rats collected was 212,947 of which 17,967 were alive, as com- pared with 192,251 and 21,820 in 1935. The number collected each year shows that there is no diminution in the rat popula- tion. All the rats collected were sent to the Public Mortuary for examination. None was found infected.

Smallpox.

110. Every year in the cold season this disease manifests itself in outbreaks which are sometimes sporadic, sometimes epidemic. Whatever the prevalence there is always a tendency for the morbidity rate to decline or disappear with the advent of summer.` In the year under review there were 23 cases and 16 deaths. 11 cases only were treated in hospital the remainder did not come under the notice of the authorities until after death.

111. The vaccination campaign was continued and during the year 274,784 persons were vaccinated. Valuable assistance was afforded by the St. John Ambulance Brigade and by the Chinese Public Dispensaries. Both bodies engaged in active propaganda and through their efforts many were persuaded who otherwise would have kept aloof. The various sections of the Brigade again carried out street vaccination with excellent results.

112. The Chinese have a preference for vaccination in the spring as being the auspicious season, and for a month or two after Chinese New Year the Chinese Public Dispensaries are crowded with children waiting to be done.

113. The majority of Chinese still hold the opinion that the herbalist treatment of smallpox gives better results than the methods adopted by practitioners qualified in Western medicine. An analysis of the statistics of (a) the Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital where only herbalist treatment is carried out, and (b) the Government Infectious Diseases Hospital where western treatment only is provided shows that this view is not correct.

M 38-

Cerebro-Spinal Fever.

114. The following table shows the monthly incidence of this disease for the last 5 years:-

Month.

1932 1933

1934 1935

1936

January

6

15

15

10

10

February

2

39

27

16

23

March

9

30

69

22

27

April

111

33

53

23

36

May June

26

17

25

10

4

16

14

15

11

9

July

9

7

11

5

7

August

3

1

3

September

13

1

1

October

November

December

0000

3

4

1

7

9

1

2

14

6

Total

209

191

246

110

123

It

115. The disease is most prevalent in the cold weather. dies down when the real summer heat sets in and people sleep more out of doors at night thus lessening overcrowding. Of the 123 cases reported, 65 or 52.84% proved fatal. Ever since the severe outbreak of this disease, which occurred in 1917, a supply of seruan, made at the Bacteriological Institute from the local strains of meningococcus, is kept in stock. This serum gives very good results when used early in the disease.

Diphtheria.

116. Cases of this disease occur throughout the year, but the majority of those notified occur during the cold weather of December, January and February.

117. 875 cases were reported of which 214 proved fatal, as compared with 266 with 136 deaths in 1935.

Enteric.

118. Cases of this disease are notified throughout the year, there is usually some increase in the number reported during the summer months. The cases are usually sporadic and the source of infection is seldom discovered. 418 cases were notified with 136 deaths as compared with 319 in 1935 with 95 deaths.

M 39

Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

119. This disease continues to rank second to broncho- pneumonia as the principal cause of death. It is probable that some of the cases of the latter were of tuberculous origin.

120. The total number of deaths was 2,416, that for 1935 was 2,237. The death rate per mille was 2.44 as compared with 2.31 for the previous year.

121. There is need for more hospital or infirmary accommo- dation for tuberculosis patients, especially for those of the poorer classes.

Leprosy.

The num-

122. Very few cases of this disease are notified. ber of lepers in the Colony is not known but assuming that the incidence rate is the same as that of the neighbouring countries the total number cannot be less than 500 and may approach 1,000. To many, these figures will appear to be exaggerations, nevertheless they are accepted by all who are authorities on the subject and have taken the trouble to make the necessary enquiries.

123. The factors geographical, physical, political and com- inercial which render impractical quarantine measures against the River Ports have also an important bearing on the leprosy problem. Under the circumstances prevailing it is impossible to put into operation here certain measures adopted by other countries for the control of the disease.

124. Considering the great movements of population and the fact that the majority of the population of Hong Kong are Chinese subjects whose movements are practically unrestricted and who can cross and recross the border without hindrance the control of leprosy presents peculiar difficulties.

125. How to deal justly with the afflicted who are already within our borders and at the same time avoid any risk of at- tracting sufferers from neighbouring provinces who may become a burden on the rates is a problem which has exercised the minds of many and one which is most difficult to solve satisfactorily.

126. Before 1910 there was no law with regard to lepers. In that year the Lepers Ordinance was passed with the object of controlling the situation through the segregation of lepers who were British subjects and the expulsion of others. The Government was given the sole right of providing a refuge for the afflicted and it was made an offence for any one to harbour a leper.

- M 40-

127. No asylumn or refuge was built and the net result of the 1910 act was to make the position worse than it was before. Under the law, except in the case of the man rich enough to provide for himself in his own domain sufficient isolation, no treatment by a private practitioner or treatment as an out- patient at a hospital was permissible however slight the symptoms. The Police had at once to be notified and the unhappy victim taken into custody to be expelled from the Colony if he were unable to prove himself a British subject or to be released to hide himself in hopeless isolation if he could so prove.

128. On the 13th of June, 1935, was passed the Lepers Ordinance 1935 which repealed that of 1910. The new Ordin- ance looks upon leprosy less harshly than its predecessor. The unfortunate individual who has contracted the loathsome afflic- tion through no fault of his own is now regarded as a human case of disease who has a claim to receive the same sympathetic. treatment for his trouble as is accorded to any one suffering from any other disease of a contagious nature such as tuber- culosis or venereal disease.

129. It is the intention of Government to establish a proper leper settlement in a suitable situation when the necessary funds are available. Unfortunately the severe financial depression prevented anything being done in 1936 or any provision being entered in the estimates for 1937. The settlement when built will not be solely a place of segregation but in addition a centre for inpatient treatment and retreat for those who are unable to provide for themselves.

180. In May, 1935, arrangements were made with the Tung Wah Hospital Committee for the use of the Smallpox Hospital as a refuge for lepers. During the year 1936 129 cases were admitted (106 males and 28 females). 15 remaining at end of 1935.

131. The subsequent histories of those admitted were:-

Discharged for treatment as outpatients at one or

other of the Government Hospitals

Transferred to Shek Lung Leper Settlement

Discharged at their own request

Ran away

Died

Discharged not leper

12

82

7

21

12

Remaining at the end of the year (1936)

144

132. A European Medical Officer attended twice a week for

the purpose of administering treatment.

M 41-

Rabies.

133. No human cases were reported during the year. One infected dog from the New Territories was notified.

Dysentery.

134. During November there occurred a serious epidemic of Shiga Dysentery.

135. The outbreak commenced on the 8th of November when twe.ve European children developed symptoms so severe that seven of them subsequently died.

136. From the 8th up to and including the 19th there were forty-seven cases all but four of whom were European children under ten years of age. The causative organism was in twenty- five cases proved to be the bacterium dysenteriae of Shiga, in tour that of Flexner and in the remainder the organism was not isolated and identified though in the majority of cases the severity of the symptoms pointed strongly to Shiga infection.

137. There were altogether eight deaths, seven of which as inentioned above were cases which developed symptoms on the 8th. The remaining death was that of a Chinese infant the son of a Chinese servant engaged in a house where two children had died of the disease.

138. There being some indication that the infection was milk borne the pubic were advised to boil all milk and the various dairies were instructed to take special precautions. One of them the Dairy Farm decided to institute pasteurisation of all milk and cream before issuing, thus obviating any risk there might be of infection spreading from that source.

139. It having been ascertained that all the twenty-four cases taken ill on the 8th and 9th had consumed a special brand of milk designated "Nursery Milk" issued by the Dairy Farm- special attention was directed to this institution. The fact that thousands of individuals had daily consumed milk from this dairy without suffering any deleterious effects showed that the inilk as a whole had not been at fault. It was assumed that one batch of nursery milk had accidently become infected with Shiga bacilli, a thorough inspection of the premises failed to bring to light any source of contamination.

140. The farm could fairly be described as a high class institution where special precautions were taken to produce a clean milk. It appeared to be the case that the milk was handled in a sanitary manner from the cow to the consumer and would be called Grade A in England.

141. A search was made to discover the source of infection and the stools of 113 workers were examined in an endeavour to find among them any Shiga carriers. No Shiga bacilli were isolated from any of the stools.

M 42

SECTION III.

Hygiene and Sanitation.

GENERAL REMARKS-ADMINISTRATION.

142. The Urban Council and the Sanitary Department deal with the greater part of the sanitation of the Urban areas.

:

the

143. Under the Urban Council Ordinance and the various Public Health Ordinances which came into force at the begin- ning of the year considerable changes were made in the ma- chinery governing the administration of hygiene and sanitation. Under the new scheme the Medical Department and Sanitary Department were brought into closer relationship by the Director of Medical Services becoming Vice-Chairman of the Urban Council which took the place of the Sanitary Board and assuming general direction over the activities of the Urban Health Officers under whom are grouped the Sanitary Inspectors.

144. The Urban Council and the Sanitary Department are responsible for:--

(i) Work under the Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance dealing with nuisances, street and house sanitation, the collection and disposal of refuse, Latrines and the col- lection and disposal of night soil, the control of wells and pools, the sanitary maintenance of eating houses, factories, workshops and places of public instruction, recreation and assembly, public baths and workhouses, stables and animal houses, mosquito breeding control, cemeteries and the disposal of the dead.

(i) Work under the Public Health (Food) Ordinance deal- ing with slaughter houses, markets, dairies and milk shops, food factories, food shops, eating houses and restaurants.

(iii) Work under the Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordin-

ance.

(iv) Work under the Public Health (Animals & Birds)

Ordinance.

(v) Work under the Hawkers Ordinance.

The staff of the Sanitary Department includes: --

(i) Two European and one Chinese Health Officers seconded

from the Medical Department.

(i) Two Veterinary Surgeons.

(iii) Forty-nine European Sanitary Inspectors and twelve

Asiatic Sanitary Inspectors.

M 43

145. There are a number of interpreters and a large staff of subordinates.

146. For the purpose of sanitary administration by the Sanitary Department, the Island and the Peninsula have been divided into local sanitary areas, each with a sanitary office, and these in turn have been sub-divided into Health Districts each in charge of a Sanitary Inspector.

147. The City of Victoria is divided into four Sanitary areas and seventeen health districts. The villages on the south side of the island are in charge of one Inspector. Kowloon Peninsula has three health areas and ten health districts. It is estimated that on an average each Inspector has to deal with a population of 28,000, a very high figure for a tropical city, and especially for one so overcrowded as Victoria.

148. The Sanitary Department has no jurisdiction in any part of the New Territories with the exception of the urban area next to Kowloon and known as New Kowloon.

149. The following general review of work done and pro- gress made in matters of sanitation is, so far as the Sanitary Department is concerned, based on facts supplied by the Health Officer. The Annual Report of the Sanitary Department is issued independently by the Chairman, Urban Council.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES AGAINST MOSQUITOES AND

INSECT BORNE DISEASES.

150. The law on the subject is contained in the Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance under which adequate powers are given to deal with nuisances caused by mosquito propagation. At present this law does not apply to the New Territories.

151. There are no special Sanitary Inspectors engaged in anti-mosquito work and the anti-mosquito brigade consists of two overseers and a squad of oiling coolies.

152. The routine work of inspection of premises for the presence of mosquito breeding was carried out by the the dis- trict inspectors. Oiling of pools and destruction of mosquito breeding places was carried out by the anti-mosquito gangs, which in sonte cases functioned under the supervision of Inspectors from the Malaria Bureau.

153. The usual cutting of undergrowth in May and October was done in co-operation with the Botanical and Forestry Department as regards Crown Lands, and with the Military Authorities on Military lands.

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154. The Malaria Bureau of the Medical Department con- tinued to function throughout the year. The work done in- cluded:

(a) General survey of the Colony and New Territories for the purpose of ascertaining what species of mosquitoes exist and the life history of each.

(b) Research regarding insect borne diseases to determine the insect hosts and the conditions influencing the spread of infection.

(c) Special investigation in malarious districts with a view

to the eradication of diseases.

(d) Local mosquito surveys for the abatement of mosquito

nuisances.

(e) Co-operation with Government Departments, the Mili- tary, Naval and Air Forces, Public Companies and private individuals with regard to the investigation and eradication of malaria.

(f) The teaching of mosquitology.

155. A full account of the activities of the Bureau will be found in Appendix B..

GENERAL MEASURES OF SANITATION.

Domestic Cleanliness.

156. Every domestic building or part of a building occupied by the members of more than one family must, unless especially exempted by the Urban Council, be cleansed and limewashed throughout by the owner, to the satisfaction of the Council not less than once in every year, and notice in writing that such cleansing and limewashing has been completed shall be sent by the owner to the Secretary within three days after the date of completion.

157. It is the duty of the occupier of any domestic building to cause such building to be kept in a cleanly and wholesome condition and to see that the drains, traps, gratings, fall pipes, and sanitary fittings and appliances, are free from obstruction and in an efficient state of repair.

158. In Hong Kong there are 14,024 Chinese houses with 47,490 floors; in Kowloon there are 10,317 houses and 31,390 floors. During the year 149,994 floors in Hong Kong and 83,408 floors in Kowloon were cleansed. During the cleansing process all the furniture is moved and the floors and woodwork washed with kerosene oil emulsion.

159. Considering that each Inspector has to supervise a district with approximately 28,000 inhabitants, most of whom are ignorant of the rudiments of sanitation, the thoroughness of the cleansing operation is remarkable.

:

—

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Scavenging.

160. Scavenging is carried out departamentally. There are twenty-three refuse lorries in use, fifteen being for Hong Kong and eight for Kowloon. 467 tons of refuse was collected daily and removed to the various refuse depots. The bulk of the refuse was ultimately disposed of by dumping in the sea at a shallow inlet with the ultimate object of reclaiming a large area and forming sites for factories.

Conservancy and Sewerage Disposal.

161. The collection and disposal of night-soil in the Colony is carried out partly by the bucket system and partly by water carriage.

162. The excrement is removed by night from the latrines to a special fleet of junks which convey it up river to China where it is utilised as manure for the inulberry trees on which the silk worms feed.

163. Owing to the limitations of the water supply on the Island and the need for economy in the matter of consumption, it is necessary to restrict the number of water closets served by the public mains.

164. Where a sufficiency of water can be obtained from other sources, such as wells or streams, and the conditions other- wise are suitable, water closets are allowed. With regard to effluents, some enter the public sewers direct, some pass to biological tank systems to be treated before final discharge.

Drainage.

165. Drainage both surface and subsoil is controlled by the Public Works Department. $154,000 was entered in the 1936 Estimates for a programme which included drainage, training of nullahs and sewerage. $20,000, which includes costs of resump- tion, was provided for anti-malaria works.

Water Supplies.

166. The water supplies of Hong Kong and Kowloon are in charge of the Water Works Branch of the Public Works Depart-

ment.

167. All the water is surface water and most of it is collected from catchment areas which are free from ordinary risks of pollution. The water, after storage for a longer or shorter period in impounding reservoirs, I'S filtered in some cases by slow sand filters, in others by the rapid system, and finally it is chlorinated.

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168. Routine examinations are carried out by the Govern- ment Bacteriologist and Government Analyst and the results furnished to the Water Authority. The results show that the water as supplied to the consumer is of excellent quality.

Common Lodging Houses.

169. Boarding Houses which include every place where any person is harboured or lodged for any kind whatsoever of hire or reward and where any domestic service whatsoever is rendered by the owner, lessee, principal tenant, occupier, or master to the person so harboured or lodged, but which do not include any boarding house for non-Chinese seamen within the meaning of the Merchant Shipping Ordinance, are licensed and controlled by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs under the Boarding House Ordinance.

170. They include hotels, common lodging houses, places where employers lodge their employees and the premises of societies within the meaning of the Societies ordinance, where persons pass the night.

171. In practice the Sanitary Department report on the condition of the house and if declared sanitary the Secretary for Chinese Affairs, if he be satisfied, registers it and licenses the keeper.

172. As mentioned above Boarding Houses include Common Lodging Houses. Some 550 Chinese Boarding House licences have been issued by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs. They vary in class from 3rd class lodging houses to 1st class hotels.

LABOUR CONDITIONS.

173. There are no estates or plantations, few mines, and comparatively few large factories. The majority of the urban labouring classes are engaged in matters connected with com- merce, shipping or public works and the bulk of the remainder find employment in shops or workshops or independent busi- nesses. There is no need for recruitment of labour, the supply being more than sufficient to satisfy all demands.

174. Labourers find their own accommodation in the many tenements and lodging houses which exist in Hong Kong and Kowloon.

175. The Factories and Workshops Ordinance administered by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs contains sections bearing on the health of factory workers. The Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance also contains sections bearing on the health of factory workers.

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176. Ordinarily there are no special arrangements for the medical care of labourers other than the Government Hospitals, the Chinese Hospitals, the Chinese Dispensaries and the Mission Hospitals. The total number of third class beds in these institutions available for general diseases are about 1,200 or 1 to 700 approximately.

177. Special arrangements were made for the care of the labourers engaged in the Shing Mun Water Works Scheme which was in full swing during the year. Anti-malaria precautions were taken and hospital accommodation and medical supervision provided.

+

HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING.

178. There is no Town Planning Ordinance and Housing comes under the Buildings Ordinance which is administered by the Public Works Department. Except that offensive trades are confined to the western end of the town there is little or no zoning in the older parts of Victoria and blacksmiths shops and even foundries are to be found in the midst of shop-houses and domestic buildings. The new reclamation in Victoria called the Praya East has been laid out on modern lines with wide streets and back lanes. The greater part of Kowloon and New Kowloon has been planned on up-to-date principles and the zones recom- mended by the Town Planning Committee of 1923 are being adopted.

179. The position as regards housing in Victoria has been explained in the introduction to this report. The situation is at the same time a sanitary problem, a social problem and an economic problem, Victoria is the centre of attraction for the stream of immigrants from China, most of whom are poor people who live from hand to mouth. Accommodation is limited, but the people must find shelter somewhere. A cubicle rents from seven to ten dollars per month, a bed in the passage costs two to three dollars, food costs at least six dollars and the average earnings of a coolie are not above eighteen dollars.

180. The City of Victoria for the area it occupies is over housed and grossly over-populated. In certain districts a great deal of improvement has been brought about but in some 200 acres, where there are approximately 1,000 persous to the acre, sanitary conditions are bad.

181. Government has appointed a Housing Committee to enquire into the situation with a view to bringing about some improvement. The problem is not an easy one for there is no space to expand. It can only be solved by demolition and the erection of a new type of house which will be sanitary and at the same time more commodious.

182. One hopeful sign is that the people are being more and more attracted by Kowloon, Praya East and North Point where concentration is much less marked.

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183. The plan below shows the most modern type of Chinese tenement house approved by the Building Authority.

184. Provided the occupants keep the premises clean, the windows free from obstruction to the light and ventilation and avoid overcrowding the building is hygienic. There are however many houses which are below this standard.

7-6'

4:0

BALCONY

-80%

-76"---

W.C.

KITCHEN

8

8

PLAN OF A FLOOR IN A

MODERN CHINESE TENEMENT

SCALE I INCH

10 FT.

BLOCK PLAN

SCAVENGING LANE.

YARD

35′0′′

STREET

SCALE I INCH = 30 FT

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185. The following list shows some of the work done during the year by, or under the supervision of the Sanitary Depart- ment (items 1-3) and the building branch of the Public Works Department (items 4 - 10)..

Nature of Work.

i. Obstructions removed from open spaces... 1,565 2. Obstructions to light and ventilation

No. of Cases.

1935.

1936.

615

removed

1,769

1,793

3. Rat holes stopped

2,451

1,811

4. Water closets installed in private buildings. 2,121

904

5. Houses demolished (domestic)

151

134

6. Houses demolished (non-domestic)

11

9

7. Houses erected (domestic)

297

205

8. Houses erected (non-domestic)

55

14

9. Houses re-constructed (domestic)

176

150

10. Houses re-constructed (non-domestic)

1

FOOD IN RELATION TO HEALTH AND DISEASE.

186. The laws dealing with this subject are:-

(a) the Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordinance, (b) the Public Health (Food) Ordinance,

(c) the Hawkers Ordinance.

writing by the Urban Director of Medical The Health Officers,

187. Under the Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordinance "Officer" means any person authorised in Council on the recommendation of the Services for the purpose of this Ordinance. the Veterinary Surgeons and a number of Sanitary Inspectors have been so authorised.

188. Under this Ordinance the following samples were taken and submitted for analysis:-

Fresh milk

Unsweetened evaporated milk Sweetened condensed milk

.samples 17

14

11

21

13

Tinned cream

Butter

Ghee

('heese

Lard

Tea

Coffee

Peanut Oil

Olive Oil

Mustard

Pepper

Vinegar

Tincture iodine

Camphorated oil

وو

1

8

4

19

8

21.

16

8

3

21

11

10

19

2

3

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189. Seven out of the seventeen samples of milk were below standard, the other articles were found to satisfy the legal requirements.

190. The Public Health (Food) Ordinance deals with slaughter houses, markets, dairies and milk shops, bake houses, food factories, food shops, eating houses, and restaurants. Under this Ordinance:

"Food Officer" means any person appointed by the Urban Council on the recommendations of the Director of Medical Services for the purposes of the Ordinance.

"Technical Services" include inspections and examinations, the taking of samples, seizures, prosecutions, and all other duties of a supervisory nature carried out by the Veterinary Surgeons, Sanitary Inspectors and Food Officers under powers conferred by this Ordinance and the by-laws made thereunder. The execu- tion of the various technical services are carried out under the general supervision of the D.M.S.

191. The following foodstuffs were seized and destroyed under Section 4:

fish 1 lb., tea 10,378 lbs.

192. The following foodstuffs were voluntarily surrendered and destroyed:-

flour 67 lbs., fruit 77 lbs., confectionery 1,000 lbs., meat 106 lbs., vegetables 43 lbs. and fish 2 lbs.

MARKETS, SLAUGHTER HOUSES AND DAIRIES.

193. Markets:-The markets are supervised by the Veterin- ary Branch of the Sanitary Department. There is urgent need for better and larger markets in the city of Victoria and these are being provided as funds permit.

194. During the year a new market was in course of erection at Wanchai to take the place of the present one which is too small and too out of date.

195. The Central Market in Victoria has been condemned and will be demolished next year to make room for а new structure.

196. Slaughter Houses:-Slaughter houses and animal de- pots are controlled by the Veterinary Branch of the Sanitary Department. There is a Government depot at Kennedy Town (Hong Kong) for the reception of all cattle, sheep, swine and goats brought into the Colony for slaughter. The Government abattoirs are situated at Kennedy Town (Hong Kong) and at Ma Tau Kok (Kowloon). There are Government controlled slaughter houses at Aberdeen and Sai Wan Ho.

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197. Dairies and Milk Shops :—There are a number of dairies and milk shops in the Colony all of which are licensed by the Urban Council and regularly inspected by officers of the Sanitary Department.

DEFICIENCY DISEASES.

198. The only information available regarding deficiency diseases is furnished by the death returns and returns of diseases furnished by the Government Hospitals and Chinese Hospitals. The Hospitals deal with only a small proportion of the sick and the whole truth regarding the incidence of disease among the masses cannot be deduced from their figures. The death returns also are misleading in that the majority of cases were not treated by competent physicians prior to death and the Medical Officer examining a body in the mortuary had no history to assist him in coming to a conclusion as to the cause of death.

199. Beri-Beri.-Polished rice is the staple food of the masses yet beri-beri is not epidemic and the deaths from this disease formed only 2.81% of the total deaths. The total number of deaths recorded was 745 and the death rate per mille population 0.75. The total number treated in the Government Hospitals for this disease was 45, those treated in the Chinese Hospitals numbered 1,255.

MEASURES TAKEN TO SPREAD THE KNOWLEDGE OF HYGIENE

AND SANITATION.

200. The measures taken to spread the knowledge of Hygiene and Sanitation among the populace of Hong Kong are as follow:-Every year during "Health Week" the Y.M.C.A. arranges for a series of lectures to be given. The St. John Ambulance Brigade from time to time spreads the gospel con- cerning some particular subject. A number of the schools teach elementary hygiene. The Chinese Public Dispensaries arrange periodically for popular lectures to be given by their medical officers. The "Schools" Branch of the Medical Department have a small demonstration centre and the school medical officers and nurses give lectures and demonstrations. At the Infant Welfare Centres endeavours are made to instruct the mothers who attend.

201. Health instruction to serve any useful purpose must arouse and retain the interest of those for whom it is intended. With regard to the masses little of practical value can be ac- complished without the active assistance of the mothers of the families, and the quickest and surest way of obtaining the con- fidence of the mothers is through health centres where free medical advice and treatment for the primary attraction and where the mothers make the acquaintance of tactful and sym- pathetic nurses who also act as home visitors. The second best

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means of influencing the mother is through the school clinic where her children are medically examined by the doctor and school nurse and where opportunity is taken to add propaganda to advice.

TRAINING OF SANITARY PERSONNEL.

202. The Medical Officers of Health hold classes and give lectures. Courses in chemistry, physics and sanitary engineer- ing were held at the Technical Institute of the Education De- partment. At the Bacteriological Institute instruction is given to Sanitary Inspectors in elementary biology and at the Malaria Bureau in elementary mosquitology.

203. Hong Kong is an examining centre for the Royal Sanitary Institute, and every year examinations are held for the Sanitary Inspector's Certificate and the Sanitary Science Certificate. Candidates come from Shanghai to take these examinations.

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SECTION IV.

School Hygiene.

204. The Ordinances which apply to school hygiene are the Education Ordinance 1913 and the Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance 1903. The former is administered by the Education Department and the latter by the Sanitary Department. To some extent the two overlap. Government schools, Military schools and schools exempted by the Governor-in-Council are not subject to the provisions of the Education Ordinance.

to look upon

205. There is a tendency in some quarters school hygiene as a special branch of public health which should be administered apart from the general public health administra- tion. This is a mistake. School hygiene forms an inseparable part of general public health and though there are aspects of the work which are best done by officers specially qualified, this should not be used as an argument for confining all matters relating to sanitation and the prevention of disease among school children to a particular body dealing exclusively with schools.

206. Because of the close connection between the school child and his home and through his companions with other homes, school hygiene and school welfare have an important in- fluence on the general public health complex and especially is this the case where knowledge of hygiene and public health is of low standard among the working classes formning the bulk of the population, as happens in Hong Kong.

207. Not only is care of the school child's health of import- ance in preventing the development and spread of disease but the education of his mind in matters of hygiene and public health is the surest method known of spreading the gospel of health among the people. The two great propaganda centres for health are the school and the Infant Welfare Centre. That the child of to-day is the man of to-morrow is just as true in public health as it is in politics and this important fact should be more clearly recognised than it is at present.

208. In Hong Kong as elsewhere there should be the closest possible co-operation between the School Medical Officer, the Medical Officer of Health and the Education Officer, for without such co-operation it is impossible to get the best results. Educa- tion Officers can greatly assist the Health Officers by stimulating those in charge of schools to take prompt action where such is required in the interest of sanitation and the prevention of disease.

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209. The schools of the Colony are divided into four classes, viz., Government schools, grant schools, subsidised schools and unaided schools. Where the medium of instruction is English they are called "English" schools; where it is Chinese they are called "vernacular" schools.

210. Government schools are those which have been pro- vided by Government and which are staffed by members of the Education Department. Grant schools are institutions owned and administered by one or other of the several Missionary Or- ganisations which function in the Colony and which receive grants from Government. Subsidised schools are private institu- tions which receive a subsidy from Government when the con- ditions warrant it. Unaided schools are those which receive no support from Government.

211. The following table shows the classification of schools and the distribution of scholars:-

Grant

Schools.

Government

Schools.

Class of Institution.

No. of

Schools.

Scholars

on Roll.

No. of Scholars

Schools. on Roll.

Subsidised

Schools.

Schools

Unaided.

Scholars

Total

Scholars.

Schools. on Roll.

No. of Scholars No. of Schools. on Roll.

English.

Primary

11

1,843

2

243

Secondary

4

2,238

14*

6,785

Vocational

2

907

Total:

17

4,988

16

7,028

Vernacular.

115

4,695

6,781

6

893

9,916.

7

:375

1,282

128

5,963

17,979

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Primary

294

19,955

660 40,022

59,977

Secondary

1

247

4

964

1,211.

Vocational

2

211

1

301

512

Total:-

458

964

294

19,955

661

40,323

61,700

Grand total

20

5,446

20

7,992

294

19,955

789

46,286

79,679

* This includes Ying Wa College whose primary department receives a Grant in

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212. Government schools and grant schools are institutions designed and constructed on the lines of good class schools in Europe and America. Having been planned on approved lines and being conducted by teachers possessing a knowledge of modern hygiene they are usually well up to the mark in matters of hygienic importance.

213. Many of the subsidised schools and most of the unaided schools are institutions occupying one or more floors in old or newer tenement buildings. Such were designed for domestic purposes and not for schools and in many of them it is impossible to provide for the pupils satis- factory hygienic conditions.

214. Lighting and ventilation depend largely on the plan of construction and on proximity of neighbouring buildings. In narrow buildings of the shop-house type forming units in a block facing a narrow street and backing on a narrower lane, it is often impossible to get natural lighting and ventilation satisfactory for school purposes and this particularly applies to houses constructed before the 1903 Building Ordinance came into force. There are many schools where the lighting conduces to sight defects and where the ventilation leaves much to be desired.

215. The School Hygiene Branch of the Medical Depart- ment consists of the School Medical Officer, two Chinese School Medical Officers, one Lady Medical Officer (part time) and five School Nurses.

216. The purposes of a school medical service are not only to detect the sick and ailing in their early stages, but to seek for anomalies of growth and development, so that measures may be taken to prevent not only the progress of ill-health but also its causes.

Its basis is the routine medical inspection of school children, and since they are collected together for definite periods they form a section of the community whose health conditions are comparatively easy to ascertain.

217. Except that they have been gazetted Inspectors under the Education Ordinance to give them power of entry into certain classes of schools the School Medical Officers have no powers under either the Education Ordinance or the Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance. They co-operate with the Medical Officer of Health and with the Education Officers. They act as advisers to the Education Department but it rests with the latter to decide whether or not to accept the advice offered.

218. The duties of the School Medical Branch include:

(1) inspection of school premises.

(2) physical examination and re-examination of

pupils.

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(3) medical treatment with regard to (a) general diseases, (b) defects of ear, nose and throat, (c) eye defects.

(4) health instruction and propaganda.

(5) office work, i.e., correspondence, reports, statis-

tics, etc.

219. With the limited staff available for the purpose it is only possible to deal with a small part of the total hygiene work calling for attention, and this applies equally to inspection of premises, examination of personnel, treatment of disease and general health instruction and propaganda.

220. With regard to inspection of premises 848 visits were paid to buildings in which it was proposed to establish verna- cular schools and concerning which application had been made to the Education Authority for registration. It not infrequently happens that several visits have to be paid to one building to ensure that the conditions. demanded as a precedent to registra- tion have been carried out.

221. It was quite impossible to carry out routine inspections of schools already registered and only where circumstances arose which demanded a special visit was one made.

222. During the year a sanitary survey of 320 private schools in the. Victoria urban area was carried out by a Sanitary Inspector specialy lent for the purpose by the Sanitary Depart- ment. The data collected formed the material for a special report which was submitted to Government. The inspector was recalled to the Sanitary Department on the 1st of April, 1936.

223. With regard to physical examination of pupils atten- tion was confined to 17 Government schools containing 4,988 pupils. The primary vernacular schools containing 59,977 pupils were left more or less untouched though it is here that the need for health measures is most urgent: for by the time these pupils have reached secondary school age and come under the eye of the medical officer their physical abnormalities, which perhaps might have been rectified if seen and treated sufficiently early, have become established as definite health defects.

224. In the year under review 6,538 medical examinations were made of which 5,776 were routine inspections and 762 re-inspections. Adnorinalities discovered at the time of routine inspection are classified into two groups, viz., defects in need of treatinent, and conditions placed on an observation list for further consideration.

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225. The incidence of defects in need of treatment (exclud- ing dental defects) varies with the type of school, the average being 20.3%. Dental disease has a very high incidence rate. The incidence rate of myopia varies from a small figure at seven years of age to 38% between sixteen and seventeen. The incidence in Government schools was 22% and most cases have been provided with the necessary correction glasses.

226. Postural deformities of chest and spine are extremely common among entrants to Government schools.

227. X-rays which were used as an aid to the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis showed 37 positive in 1,903 examined for the first time, or 1.9%-

228. Treatment of Government school children is under- taken at three general and two special clinics which deal with visual defects. Attendances were as follows: —

Ellis Kadoorie School Clinic

Violet Peel Health Centre

Yaumati School Clinic

Special Clinics for eyes

Special Clinics for ear, nose and throat.

Total

973

565

1,238

335 (persons)

689

3,800

229. School nurses in addition to assisting at the clinics paid 112 visits to the homes of pupils.

A

230. Two members of the medical staff are engaged at Government Hospitals on two forenoons and three afternoons in the week for the examination and treatment of eye defects. third member on two afternoons attends the ear, nose and throat clinic to deal with cases which are sent from the local school clinics.

231. The teaching of hygiene in private vernacular schools leaves much to be desired. Most of the teachers have grown up. in insanitary surroundings and having received no training in the subject regard it as one of little importance. The few who are sympathetic are handicapped by the fact that the school premises do not demonstrate the principles of hygiene. Where pupils are crowded together in badly lighted and badly ventilated rooms, where the only latrine accommodation is a commode in a small kitchen, and where the kitchen drain is used as a urinal by both teachers and pupils, the atmosphere can hardly be considered as favourable for the teaching of hygiene.

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SECTION V.

Port Health Work and Administration.

GENERAL.

232. Reckoned in terms of shipping tonnage, Hong Kong is one of the five greatest ports in the world. It is the principal commercial entrepot of Southern China and is the terinination of steamship lines running between China, Japan and North America.

233. In 1936, 4,616 British ocean-going steamers and 6,364 foreign ocean-going steamers entered and cleared the harbour. In addition there were 8,963 river steamers, 5,487 launches, and 15,196 foreign trade junks. The total tonnage of vessels entering and clearing was 40,063,663.

234. The Medical Staff engaged in Port Health duties con- sists of two European Health Officers, two Chinese Medical Officers, one European Port Health Inspector and one Chinese Health Inspector.

235. The work of the department includes:

(a) Routine inspection of ships.

(b) Quarantine duty.

(c) Medical inspection of emigrants.

(d) Disinfection and fumigation of ships

(e) Vaccination.

236. The laws dealing with the subject of Quarantine and Port Health are contained in the Quarantine and Prevention of Disease Ordinance, the Asiatic Emigration Ordinance and the Vaccination Ordinance.

237. During the year 5,481 inward bound ocean-going vessels were boarded by the Health -Officers. Of these 2,306 were on the British register and 3,175 of foreign registry.

238. River boats from Canton, Macao and West River Ports, also junks and small craft are normally visited only when cases of sickness or death are reported. However all river steamers are regularly inspected by a Health Inspector, whose duties are mainly concerned with the cleanliness and sanitation of such vessels.

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239. During the year 86 special visits were made to ships for the purpose of examining persons suffering from infectious but non-quarantinable diseases.

240. 46 permits for the landing of corpses for burial were granted and 23 bodies were sent to the mortuary for post- mortem examinations. 15 cases of leprosy were detected amongst Chinese passengers. 20 Chinese, 3 European, 1 Indian, and 1 Filipino lunatics arrived in the Colony during the year. Bills of Health numbering 1,540 were issued.

QUARANTINE.

241. Hong Kong has no quarantine station for ships' pas- sengers or crews. When segregation is necessary it carried out on board ship at the Quarantino Anchorage. A limited number (26) of infectious cases can be accommodated at the Government Infectious Diseases Hospital at Kennedy Town but there is no room for contacts.

242. All vessels arriving from "infected" ports and those having infectious or suspicious cases on board fly the "Q" flag and go to a quarantine anchorage for examination.

243. The monthly return of quarantine ships is given in Table IV.

244. During the year no vessel was detained in quarantine.

245. The total number of person medically inspected during 1936 was 235,807 or an average of 646 examinations per day.

EMIGRATION.

246. The Asiatic Emigration Ordinance No. 30 of 1915 requires that emigrant ships shall have:-

(1) Proper and sufficient living accommodation.

(2) Proper and sufficient sanitary requirements.

(3) Proper and sufficient hospital accommodation.

(4) A sufficient supply of drugs, medical equipment and

disinfectants.

It also makes provision for :-

(1) A proper diet scale.

(2) The prevention of the export of the unfit.

(3) The prevention of the export of infectious diseases.

247. The Vaccination Ordinance 1923 requires that all emi- grants from the Colony shall be protected against Small-pox by vaccination.

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248. The duty of carrying out the sanitary and medical inspection and for vaccinating those who are insufficiently pro- tected falls on the Port Health Officers.

249. Emigarnts are classified as:

(1) "Free emigrants" or those who pay their own

passages.

(2) Assisted emigrants or those whose passages are paid

by their prospective employers.

(3) Women and children.

250. The total number of emigrants examined during the year was 164,077 of whom 158,571 were free and 5,506 assisted. The number of rejections was 1,289.

251. The number of emigrants proceeding to the Straits Settlements was slightly less than in 1935-101,499. as against 102,674 in 1935, 86,192 in 1934 and 20,324 in 1933. The total number of emigrants leaving Hong Kong in 1936 was 164,077 as against 158,300 in 1935, 138,240 in 1934 and 64,181 in 1933.

DISINFECTION AND FUMIGATION.

252. Ship disinfection and disinfestation which was at one time carried out by a private company is now done by the Dis- infection and Fumigation Bureau of the Port Health Office.

253. The Disinfecting and Fumigation Plant consists of:

(a) The hulk "Aldecoa" housing two large steam dis- infectors and providing accommodation for the bathing and cleansing of a large number of passen- gers and the disinfection and disinfestation of their effects.

(b) One dumb barge carrying a large B. Type Clayton

apparatus.

(c) One A. Type Clayton machine.

(d) Dutch ovens, sprays and other apparatus used in

ship disinfection and ship disinfestation.

254. Since the arrival in the Colony on the 6th February of the Port Health Inspector who had undergone special training in the Port of London, this Branch has been able to issue deratization exemption certificates. 79 Deratization and 58 Deratization Exemption Certificates were issued during the year.

VACCINATION.

255. The Government. Vaccinators are members of the Port Health Staff and work under the general supervision of the Port Health Officer. They work at the Vaccination Centre and on board ships, but are detailed for work wherever required,

.

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256. The number of vaccinations performed by these officers was 84,315 of which 79,233 were emigrants.

TABLE I.

SHOWING EMIGRATION PASSES AND REJECTIONS FOR 1936.

Port of Destination.

Pas-

sengers.

Crews. Rejects.

Straits Settlements

101,499

2,354

960

Canada

3,874

13,280

51

United States of America.

1,785

9,244

31

Honolulu

665

Dutch East Indies

24,898

10,624

52

British North Borneo

5,899

2,641

81.

Shanghai and Japan

4,298

38.

Australia

776

2,420

South Sea Islands

852

150

Panama

578

10

Havana

58

1,945

1

Brazil

350

211

Argentine

12

318

Chile

4

91

Mauritius

768

158

6

Reunion

121

324

Madagascar

1.60

239

2

South Africa

11

143

India

9,990

14,198

22

Hoihow

2,761

Portuguese East Africa

40

854

Mexico

Peru

440

562

Saigon

11

Manila

3,216

21

Total

164,077

59,756

1,298

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TABLE II.

SHOWING MONTHLY RETURNS OF EMIGRANTS, CREWS AND

REJECTIONS.

Months.

Ships Pas- Examined. sengers.

Crews.

Rejects.

January

18

7,099

3,085

24

February

30

11,122

4,866

37

March

33

20,182

5,494

173

April

33

15,990

5,114

186

May

ཉ

13,437

5,456

171

June..

33

11,082

5,456

112

July

August

88

33

13,615

5,360

171

29

12,781

4,951

55

September

33

13,732

5,288

101

October

32

2

15,508

5,953

115

November

29

14,034

4,625

73

December

27

15,495

4,108

80

Total

360

164,077

59,756

1,298

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TABLE III.

SHOWING CAUSES OF REJECTIONS OF EMIGRANTS.

Skin Diseases:

! Scabies

Tinea

Diseases.

Impetigo

Favus Dermatitis

Eye Diseases:

Trachoma

Acute Conjunctivitis Ophthalmia Iritis

Infectious Diseases: -

Chicken pox Measles

No. Reected.

66

5

3

2

A NW or 8

741

5

5

1

11

4

Vaccinia

1

Leprosy

10

Fever

392

Debility

1

Catarrhal Jaundice

4

Deformity

3

Syphilis

10

Phthisis

8

Chronic Nephritis

1

Cellulitis

7

Cardiac Disease

Exophthalmic Goitre

Mastoiditis

Necrosis of jaw

2

1

1

1

Scurvy

Abortion'

Dysentery

Tonsillitis

Epithelioma

Lunacy

1

1

2

1

1

3

Total

1,298

- M 65

TABLE IV.

SHOWING NUMBER OF PASSENGERS, CREWS AND SHIPS ARRIVING IN QUARANTINE IN EACH MONTH, 1936.

Months.

No. of Passengers.

No. of Crews.

No. of

Ships.

January

416

801

7

February

227

327

5

March

266

569

12

April

237

1,095

20

May

1,091

818

13

June

1,017

1,568

20

July

586

465

7

August

200

288

4

September

October

November

December

Total

402

303

4,442

6,234

92

TABLE V.

Port of Locality.

Diseases.

SHOWING QUARANTINE NOTIFICATIONS ISSUED BY THE HONG KONG GOVERNMENT FOR 1936.

Date of Notification.

Date of Cancellation.

1. Bangkok

Cholera

No. 673 of 9. 8.36

No. 1002 of 21.12.36

2. Pakhoi Small-pox

THE SANITARY CONTROL OF AERIAL NAVIGATION.

257. By virtue of a notification deposited by His Majesty's Government the International Sanitary Convention for Aerial Navigation was made to apply to Hong Kong from the 1st of August, 1935.

258. The local laws with regard to the sanitary control of Aerial Navigation are contained in the Quarantine and Preven- tion of Diseases Ordinance No. 7 of 1936.

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259. By a Gazette notification dated 4th June, 1936, the Governor in Council declared Kai Tak Civil Airport, situated at Latitude 22° 19′ North and 114° 11' East, to be an 'Authorised Aerodrome" on which aircraft may make their first landing on entering the Colony and which they may make their place of departure on leaving the Colony, and also to be a "Sanitary Aerodrome" organised and equipped as provided in paragraphs (i) to (viii) of the definition of "Sanitary Aerodrome" in the said section of the said Ordinance.

260. The Port Health Staff have been appointed the Sanitary Staff for the "Authorised Aerodrome' and the "Sanitary Aerodrome" and arrangements have been made for medical service, medical inspection, laboratory service, disinfect- ing service and for isolation of sick and contacts.

261. Regulations concerning aircraft are under considera- tion.

262. On March 24th the first Air vessel of the Imperial Airways arrived in the Colony and thus commenced a weekly service between Hong Kong and Penang which has contained ever since.

263. On the 24th of October the Pan-American Clipper arrived in Hong Kong on completion of its journey across the Pacific. It left the following day.

264. On the 5th of November the China National Aviation Corporation commenced to use Hong Kong as a port of arrival and departure. Since then they have maintained a regular tri-weekly service.

265.

M 67 →

SECTION VI.

Maternity and Child Welfare.

MATERNITY HOSPITAL ACCOMMODATION.

Hospital.

Authority in Control.

Beds.

Government Civil

Government Medical Dept.

21

Victoria

Do.

Do.

26

Tung Wah Eastern

Kowloon

Tsan Yuk

Tai Po Dispensary

Wanchai

Tung Wah

Kwong Wah

Ailce Memorial

St. Paul's

Canossa

Matilda

War Memorial

Hong Kong Sanatorium &

Hospital

Cheung Chau

Do.

Do.

34

Do.

Do.

46

Do.

Do.

5

Chinese Committee.

31

Do.

24

Do.

14

Do.

59

London Mission.

12

French Mission.

Italian Mission.

Board of Trustees.

Do.

Board of Directors.

St. John Ambulance Ass'n.

12

Kam Tin

Sha Tau Kok

Tsun Wan

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

62877

Total

337

266. The maternity hospitals will be described under Section VII.

MIDWIVES.

267. Under the Midwives Ordinance 1910 a Midwives Board was established with powers to make regulations regarding (a) the course and training of midwives, (b) the certification of approved persons and (c) the regulation of midwifery practice.

268. No one whose name is not on the Midwives Register may practise midwifery habitually for gain or describe herself as one specially qualified to carry on the work of a midwife.

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269. Training Schools for Midwives have been established at the Government Hospitals, Alice Memorial and Affiliated Hospital, Tung Wah Hospital, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital and the H.K. Sanatorium and Hospital.

270. The course of training is as follows:

(a) for those who have less than two years general training, two years at a Maternity Hospital recognis- ed as such by the Board.

(b) for those who have had two years training in general nursing, one year at a recognised maternity hospital. (c) for those who are Registered Nurses (by examina- tion) under the Nurses Registration Ordinance, Hong Kong, six months at such Maternity Hospital as aforesaid.

271. During the year seventy-four candidates satisfied the examiners at the Midwives Board Examinations and were certified.

272. The total number of names on the Midwives Register. at the end of 1936 was 404 as compared with 330 in 1935.

GOVERNMENT MIDWIVES.

273. There are fifteen Government midwives, six of whom are attached to Chinese Public Dispensaries at Shaukiwan, Aberdeen, Yaumati, Shamshuipo and Kowloon City, and the remainder to Government Dispensaries at Sham Tseng, Un Long, Ko Tung, Tai Po, Tai O and Sai Kung.

274. The services of Government midwives are free and are available to the poor for confinements in their own homes.

275. Government midwives are responsible for the welfare of mother and child throughout the puerperium and for this purpose must make daily visits for a period of seven days after the confinement. During the year they made 14,890 such visits during which 14,270 baby washings were carried out.

276. Whenever complications arise the midwives call in the Medical Officers attached to the various dispensaries and in case of necessity send the patients to hospital by ambulance.

277. In 1936 the total number of cases attended by Govern- ment midwives was 2,212, these cases including 8 abortions, 10 miscarriages, 29 premature births and 46 stillbirths. 52 patients were sent to hospital, mostly owing to delayed labour.

278. Of the live-births 7 infants died during the first week mostly on account of prematurity. The maternal mortality was nil as complicated cases were sent to hospital.

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279. In addition to their maternity work Government mid- wives assist in the dispensaries by doing simple dressings. Where M.O.s are not always available, c.g., Sai Kung and Tai O, mid- wives holding Nurses Board Certificates render first aid and give simple treatments for minor ailments. In

In 1936 the total number of dressings made by Government midwives amounted to 57,412.

280. The work of the Government midwives is supervised by the Supervisor of Midwives, who visits them regularly, inspects their bags, quarters and records of all cases attended to. In addition she investigates all cases of abnormal confine- ments, causes of deaths of infants, and all complaints made against the midwives.

ANTE-NATAL AND INFANT WELFARE WORK.

281. The ante-natal and infant welfare centres in the Colony are:

The Government Infant Welfare Centre, Wanchai.

The Government Infant Welfare Centre, Kowloon.

The Tsan Yuk Hospital Centre.

The Tung Wah Hospital Centre.

The Alice Memorial Hospital Centre.

The Military Centre.

282. Infants are of course seen and treated at all hospitals both as inpatients and outpatients and at all the Chinese Public Dispensaries.

283. With regard to the New Territories, Government has made provision for infant welfare at the six Government Dis- pensaries. The Government Travelling Dispensary which stops at road-side villages dispenses advice and medicines free.

284. The St. John Ambulance Brigade have established 9 centres in the New Territories where infants and mothers can receive treatment.

GOVERNMENT INFANT WELFARE CENTRES.

285. Infant Welfare Work was continued at the two Gov- ernment Infant Welfare Centres during the past year.

286. The Centre in Victoria is situated in one part of the Violet Peel Health Centre, Wanchai, the Centre on the main- land is in rented premises at 225, Nathan Road, Kowloon.

287. The attendances at both Centres exceeded those of previous years.

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288. Attendance.-The attendance at the two Centres and other particulars of interest are shown in the following tables:

Wanchai

Kowloon

Month

Total

attendance

Daily average

Total

Daily

attendance

average

January

1,566

68

1,197

50

February

1,614

67

1,260

50

March

2,008

77

1,360

50

April

1,926

84

1,394

58

May June

2.325

93

1,654

66

2,541

106

1,660

72

July

2,831

109

1,894

73

August

2,170

83

1,514

63

September

2,093

79

1,680

67

October

1,990

77

1,728

66

November

1,742

78

1,787

74

December

1,812

76.

1,826

76

289. Particulars of Interest.

Wanchai

Kowloon

Total attendance for the year Number of infants under super-

vision ......

24,618

18,900

1,811

1,217

Maximum attendance on one day

Average age of infant at first

visit

Percentage breast-fed at first

visit

138

3 months

95

and 4 days

3 months and 8 days.

70%

72%

Percentage of males

55%

55%

Percentage living near centre

73%

62%

Number of vaccinations per-

formed

292

206

Number of Wasserman re- actions (of mothers) tested Percentage of Positive Wasser-

1,388

878

inan reactions

8%

8%

Number of Home Visits paid

Average daily attendance for

soup

1,114

511

73

30

- M 71

-

290. Diseases.-Most infants attending the Centre for the first time were found to require medical treatment. The num- bers suffering from the more prevalent diseases and disorders are shown in the following table:-

Wanchai

Kowloon

Digestive disturbances

Malnutrition

784

652

853

485

Infected Umbilicus

63

60

Umbilical Hernia

37

30

Conunctivitis

499

268

Discharging Ears

30

37

Thrush

258

246

Skin diseases

371

286

Phimosis

308

90

Jaundice

64

24

Anaemia

Congenital syphilis

Rickets

Respiratory diseases

35

47

104

64

6

749

496

291. Venereal Diseases.-The routine examination of the blood of the mothers of all new cases for Wasserman reaction was continued with the following results:

Wanchai

Kowloon

Number of examination made...

1,388

878

Number of positive reactions

8%

8%

292. At the Wanchai Centre it has been found a great assistance having the Venereal Disease Clinic in the same build- ing, and cases requiring treatment have been referred there.

293. At Kowloon, such cases have been sent to the Kowloon Hospital Clinic or to that at Tsim Sha Tsui.

294. Soup Kitchen.-The free distribution of soup to poor nursing mothers and older babies was continued at both centres. The members are as follows:

At Wanchai-an average of 73 per day.

At Kowloon-an average of 30 per day.

295. The Society for the Protection of Children.-This society continued to give us valuable help by supplying milk for artificial feeds to poor mothers who were referred to them by us.

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296. A certain number of cases were referred by the Society to the Medical Officer at the Infant Welfare Centres, for advice regarding artificial feeds, and for medical treatment.

297. Infant Feeding.-The importance of feeding in infant welfare work has been commented upon in each annual report, and it is now possible to give some figures arising from investi- gations made during the past year.

298. The investigations were started by having samples of breast milk, and samples of five brands of Sweetened Condensed Milks analysed, for comparison with Dried Milks, and the breast milk of European women. The advertised analysis of four brands of Dried Milk were used, and an average analysis cal- culated from them.

299. For the purpose of comparison of these different types of milk, a dilution of 1 in 8 was allowed for in the case of Condensed Milks and Dried Milks. The average analysis of each type of milk is shown in the following table:-

TABLE I

European

Chinese

Sweetened Condensed

Dried

Breast Milk Breast Milk

Milk

Milk

Protein

1-2%

1.46%

1.06%

2.64%

Fat

3-4.5% 3.26%

1.05%

3.10%

Carbohydrate

6-7% 6.70%

6.86%

5.80%

300. From a study of this table the close similarity between the milk of Chinese and European women is at once apparent, as is also the serious deficiency in the fat content of condensed milks compared with breast milk.

301. The next part of the investigation was to ascertain the progress of infants for whom we had kept reliable records for a number of weeks. The infants were divided into three groups according to their feeds and the following particulars were ascertained for each group:

(a) the average gain in weight per week.

(b) the average period under supervision.

(c) the average percentage of days of illness. (d) the numbers of infants in each group.

- M 73

302. These particulars are shown in the following table:

TABLE II.

Group I

Group 2

Quality of Milk given.

Average gain in weight

Average period of Super-

vision

Average days of illness

Group 3

Dried Milk

Breast Milk Condensed Milk

4.2 oz. per week 2.8 oz. per week 3.4 oz. per week

99%

27 weeks

16%

32 weeks

18%

28 weeks

Number of infants

group

in

21

86

14

/0

303. It would appear from the above table that condensed milk is not a very suitable food for infants. The average gain in weight is small, and the percentage of illness high. How- ever, it must be remembered that the parents in this group are generally very poor, and there is a strong suspicion that they do not give enough milk in the feeds. It will also be observed that the infants in Group 3 have a lower percentage of days of illness than those in Group 1. This may be explained by the fact that the infants in Group 3 belong to better class parents, who can afford to buy the more expensive Dried Milk, and who look after their children carefully.

304. Having regard to the information at present at our disposal, it would seem almost impossible to arrive at any definite conclusions. However, it appears that Dried Milks provide satisfactory feeds for these infants. As regards Con- densed Milks; in spite of the suspicion that infants in this group are underfed, the poor progress shown by them, in conjunction with the low fat content of these milks, would make it appear that Condensed Milks are far from ideal.

305. Home Visits.-Two nurses from each Centre spend the afternoons paying visits to the homes of babies who are attend- ing the Centre.

The number of home visits paid last year were:

1. From the Wanchai Centre

2. From Kowloon Centre

1,114

511

306. Staff.-The Infant Welfare Staff consists of one Euro- pean Lady Medical Officer, assisted by two Chinese Lady Medical Officers, seven nurses, two part-time apprentice-dispensers, one interpreter-assistant, three amahs and two coolies.

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307. Voluntary Helpers.-Valuable assistance has been given by several voluntary helpers, among whom must be mentioned Mrs. D. Cuthbertson who has attended regularly twice a week for nearly two years.

THE TSAN YUK INFANT WELFARE CENTRE AND

ANTE-NATAL CLINIC.

308. The Clinic is restricted to babies who have been born in the hospital. The number of new cases was 826 (718 in 1935) and the number of old cases, 2,390 (1,847 in 1985). The average attendance per clinic was 51.95 (52.35 in 1935).

309. The ante-natal clinic has been in existence for more than five years. The total number of patients who attended the clinic was 235 and the total number of visits paid was 399. The Chinese look upon pregnancy as a normal occurrence and as a rule they come to the clinic only to find out the probable date of delivery.

THE ALICE MEMORIAL INFANT WELFARE CENTRE AND

ANTE-NATAL CLINIC.

310. The Alice Memorial Infant Welfare Centre like that of the Tsan Yuk deals only with babies who have been born in the hospital. There were 325 first visits and 865 return visits.

311. At the Ante-Natal Clinic there were 241 first visits and 87 return visits.

THE CHINESE HOSPITAL INFANT WELFARE CENTRES.

312. The Tung Wah Infant Welfare Centre is held once a week under the supervision of the Western trained medical officers. The babies are weighed and the mothers advised con- cerning feeding and care of infants. The total number of at- tendances was 1,726 that for 1935 was 2,523.

313. The Children's Clinic at the Kwong Wah Hospital is held twice a week. The number of cases seen was 7,812. An Ante-Natal Clinic is held weekly in the Maternity Block, where 134 cases were seen during the course of the year.

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SECTION VII.

Government Hospitals, Institutes, Etc.

GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS.

314. The Medical institutions provided by Government for the use of the populace include :-

Hospitals-general

3

--mental

1

-for maternity & gynaecology

1

1

11

-for infectious diseases

Centres for radiology & electro-therapeutics. 3

Social Hygiene or V.D. Clinics

Infant Welfare Centres

Rural Dispensaries

Travelling Dispensary

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL.

4

2

6

1

315. The Government Civil Hospital, which was built in 1874 and which occupies a site in the middle of the most populous area, is the largest Governinent hospital in the Colony. It has accommodation for 246 patients, including the 21 matern- ity beds, which are in a Bungalow separated from the main buildings. The majority of the maternity beds and about 100 beds in the main building are under the control of the Clinical Professors of the Hong Kong University, who have been appointed respectively Physician, Surgeon, and Obstetric physician to the hospital and who are responsible to the Director of Medical Services for the duties they perform in the hospital. They have also been appointed consultants to Government. The University Clinic do all the outpatient work except that connected with the Eye Clinic and Venereal Diseases Clinic which are attended to by the Government Specialists.

316. Dr. I. Newton was Medical Officer in charge until 14.2.36, when he was relieved by Dr. K.. H. Uttley. Dr. I. Newton took over the duties on 14.10.36 and continued in the office until the end of the year. Dr. G. H. Thomas, and Dr. S. F. Cheung were assisting.

317. The number of inpatients, exclusive of those in the maternity block, was 5,875 (5,047 in 1935), of which 1,067 were treated by the University staff and 4,808 by the Government Medical Officers.

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318. The 1,067 patients treated by the University staff were made up as follows:

Medical cases

Surgical cases

Gynaecological cases

440

485

142

319. The daily average number of inpatients was 204, that for the previous year was 189.

320. The nationality of the patients was: ---

Chinese

Indian

European

Russian

Other nationalities

4,121

1,326

336

26

66

5,875

321. A large proportion of the total patients receive treat- ment free of charge.

322. There were 409 deaths of which 193 died within 24 hours of admission. The case death rate was 69.62 per mille (84.21 per mille in 1935).

323. 1,290 major operations were performed (1,257 in 1935). Of these 652 were from the University Surgical Clinic, 264 from the University Gynaecological Clinic and the remaining 374 were performed by the Government Medical Officers.

324. There were 1,336 accidents of a nature so serious as to require treatment as inpatients (1,403 in 1935).

325. Police Wards.-The total number of admissions and deaths were as follows:

Admissions.

Deaths.

British

91

1

Russian

16

Indians

786

6

Chinese (Cantonese)

74

Chinese (Wei-hai-wei)

186

Total

1,153

10

326. The number of Government Servants and their families treated by the Government Medical Officers as outpatients was 10,291.

M 77-

327. Outpatients.-Outpatients are treated both in the general block and in the special outpatients department. The number of attendances, exclusive of venereal Diseases cuses, was 103,266 (106,435 in 1935). The number of prescriptions dispensed was 92,625 (79,727 in 1935). The number of vaccina- tions was 1,629 and the number of dog-bite cases treated was 167.

Maternity Bungalow at the Government Civil Hospital.

328. The Bungalow has accommodation for twenty-one patients and is mainly for the use of Asiatic women.

329. There are three general wards with a total of sixteen beds, two private wards with two beds each and one isolation ward with one bed.

330. The majority of patients are under the care of the Professor of Obstetrics of the University, he being at the sanie time Obstetric Physician to the Government Civil Hospital.

331. The admissions during the year were 993 (1,041 in 1935), making a total of 1,010 cases treated. There were alto- gether 929 deliveries of which 224 cases were under the care of the Government Medical Officers and 705 under the Professor of Obstetrics and his Assistants.

832. The daily average number of patients in the hospital was 15 excluding infants.

333. The Nationalities of the patients were as follows:

Portuguese

Japanese

Indians

Chinese

Total

2

13

73

922

1.010

334. There were 4 Maternal deaths. 40 infants were still- born.

335. The reports of the Professors in charge of the various University Clinics will be found in Appendix D.

The Mental Hospital.

336. The Mental Hospital which is an annex to the Govern- ment Civil Hospital has accommodation for 14 Europeans and 18 Asiatics.

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337. This institution is intended for use only as temporary abode for the mentally affected pending arrangements being made for their transfer to Europe or Canton.

338. The Medical Officer of the Government Civil Hospital is in administrative charge.

339.

Remaining from 1935

Patients.

43

Admissions during the year

376

419

Discharged apparently cured

75

Discharged relieved

131

Transferred to the Canton Mental

Hospital

141

Died

21.

Remaining at end of 1935 .

51

419

Daily average number of patients 58.

VICTORIA GENERAL AND MATERNITY HOSPITAL.

340. The Victoria Hospital which was originally built for the accommodation of women and children is now a general and maternity institution. Situated in the residential area well above the level of the town it has a clear view across the harbour of Kowloon and the hills beyond. There are 46 general beds and 26 maternity beds.

341. Dr. J. E. Dovey was Medical Officer in Charge until February 6th when he was relieved by Dr. Court.

342. During the year 644 cases were treated, 579 in the General Block and 65 in the Maternity Block. The patients treated in the General Block were men 114, wonen 287 and children 208. There were 7 deaths.

343. The daily average number of patients exclusive of maternity patients was 21.2.

344. The Nationality of those treated was :-

European

Chinese

559

5

15

Other nationalities

Total:

579

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The Maternity Block.

345. The Maternity Block which stands in its own grounds has a separate staff. Private Practitioners have the privilege of making use of this institution for the treatment of their cases.

346. The admissions to the hospital during the year were 62 of which 15 were patients of private practitioners. responding numbers for 1935 were 65 and 11.

The cor-

347. The daily average number of patients was 2.8 adults and 2.8 infants.

348. There were 54 deliveries with no maternal deaths.

349. The total number of anesthetics administered for the year was 275. The number of outpatients treated was 1,064.

KOWLOON HOSPITAL.

350. This institution which is situated on an elevated site towards the base of the Kowloon Peninsula occupies a portion of a hospital reserve of 30 acres.

351. This reserve will ultimately contain a five hundred ded general hospital, a mental hospital and an infectious diseases hospital.

352. The hospital is being built block by block as finances peranit. At present it consists of three general blocks, a maternity block, an outpatients block, two sets of quarters for Medical Officers and two sets of quarters for Sisters and Nurses. There are 97 general beds and 34 maternity beds.

353. The new and up-to-date Outpatient Block was opened on March 11th, 1935. This building which measures 136′ x 60′ over all is divided into a major section for general diseases and a aninor section for venereal diseases each with its own entrance. The main section contains a clerks office, a large waiting hail, consulting rooms, examination rooms, a laboratory and a dis- pensary. The Venereal diseases section which is complete in itself comprises a waiting room, a clerks office, consulting rooms and treatment rooms. In addition to the general entrance there is a special one through which patients can pass from the general section for treatment without the nature of their ailments becoming known to others. The daily number of General cases

treated in the New O.P.D. was 149.

354. Dr. J. T. Smalley, Senior Medical Officer. was in charge until 2.5.36 when he was relieved by Dr. G. V. A. Griffith who continued in the office until 10.12.36 when Dr. Smalley returned from leave. Dr. L. D. Pringle assisted Dr. G. V. A. Griffith during Dr. Smalley's absence. Dr. C. H. Luk, Dr. C. K. Yu, and Dr. Y. K. Ng, were assisting throughout the whole year. Dr. G. H. Henry gave part time assistance.

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355. Dr. G. M. Hargreaves was in charge of the Eye Clinic assisted by Dr. Au King.

356. Dr. J. A. R. Selby was in charge of the V. D. Clinic assisted by Dr. K. L. Cheung.

357. Dr. (Miss) P. Ruttonjee was in charge of the Indian V. D. Clinic which caters for Indian women and children only on Wednesday afternoons.

358. The total number of cases treated in hospital was 3,367 as compared with 2,536 in 1934 and 3,077 in 1935.

359. The nationalities were made up as follows:

European

Chinese

Indians

Others

Male Female Total

494

370

864

1,603

614

2,217

20

9

29

136

121

257

2,253

1,114

3,367

360. The deaths numbered 300 of these 200 being males and 100 being females. The daily average number of patients was 104.

361. During the year 1,033 operations were performed under general anaesthesia (1,308 in 1935).

Out-patients Department.

362. The number of out-patients' visits recorded as com- pared with previous years was as follows:

New Cases

Old Cases

Dressings

1932

1933 1934

1935. 1936

10,449

12,439 12,439

13,813

23,053

23,053 25,796

7,167 7,040

8,986

14,143

14,143 13,591

16,998 23,115

8,111 8,331 9,512

25,727 27,810 32,311 54,194 62,502

363. To these figures must be added those of the Eye Clinic 2,002 and those of the V. D. Clinics 1,689.

364. Vaccinations for the year totalled 1,272 (1,120 in 1935).

365. 42,038 prescriptions were dispensed during the year (30,159 in 1935).

366. During the year, 41 flying officers presented themselves at K. H. for physical examinations. 2 of them were examined for "A" Pilot Licences while the remaining number were for "B" Licences.

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Maternity Block.

367. The number of beds is 34.

368. Patients treated during the year numbered 1,137.

369. The daily average number of patients was 23.2 (15.6 in 1935).

370. There were 1,023 deliveries. There were 42 stillbirths and 7 maternal deaths. The causes were: 2 Eclampsia, 2 acute nephritis, 2 mitral imcompetence, and 1 placenta praevia.

371. The Ante Natal Clinic Section was in the charge of Dr. G. H. Henry. The number of cases examined was 365. It was open only on Monday mornings.

THE TSAN YUK MATERNITY & GYNAECOLOGICAL HOSPITAL.

372. This hospital which was formerly administered by the Committee of the Chinese Western Dispensary, was handed over, as a gift, to Government on January 1st, 1934.

373. The administrative control is vested in the Medical Officer in Charge of the Government Civil Hospital, but ail treat- ment both of inpatients and outpatients is carried out by the obstetrical and gynaecological unit of the University under the direction of Professor W. C. Nixon, Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

374. The total number of beds is 60, of which 46 are re- served for maternity cases and 14 for gynaecological patients.

375. The total number of cases treated was 1,936 of whom 36 remained from 1935 and 1,900 were admitted.

376. The maternity cases numbered 1,636 of whom 1,539 were delivered. 15 Mothers and 20 infants died and there were 68 still-births.

377. The number of cases Department numbered 264. 163

7 cases died.

treated in the Gynaecological operations were performed.

378. The following table shows the attendances at the Out- patient Department:-

Clinic

New

cases

Return

Average

Total

Total

attendance

visits

1936

1935

at clinic

Gynaecological

721

558

24.59

1,279

1.334

Antenatal

235

164

8.01

399

289

Infant Welfare

826 1,668

51.95

2,494

2,565

1,782

2,390

28.18

4,172

5,250

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THE GOVERNMENT INFECTIOUS DISEASES HOSPITAL.

379. This was originally a Police Station but was adapted as a hospital and has accommodation for 26 beds in six wards. The hospital is situated very close to the extreme western end of the Island and next door to the Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital. It is admirably situated for its purpose being more or less isolated yet convenient for access by ambulance, by bus, or by launch.

380. Seven cases of small pox and one case of chicken pox were admitted during the year.

381. Dr. G. Ingram Shaw was Medical Officer in Charge.

RADIOLOGY, MASSAGE AND ELECTROTHERAPEUTICS.

382. Dr. F. J. Farr, Radiologist, was in charge of this branch during the year. He was assisted by Mr. J. Skinner, M.S.R., B.P.A. and Mr. J. Robertson as Radiographers, and Miss L. M. Siggins, C.S.M.M.G., B.P.A., and Miss M. H. Hughes, C.S.M.M.G., B.P.A., as Masseuses and Electro- therapeutists.

383. The scheme for training local pupils in massage and radiological technique was continued. Three probationer mas- sage assistants and two probationer radiographic assistants received instruction.

384. Mr. Hong Ping Yuen, seconded from the Electrical Department, P.W.D., continued to act as technician in charge of X-Ray and Electrical apparatus. He was most successful in maintaining the apparatus in good condition and in expediting repairs.

385. The activities of this branch are carried out partly at the Government Civil Hospital, partly at Kowloon Hospital and partly at Victoria Hospital. Victoria Hospital has no X-Ray plant.

386. Year by year the work of this department has shown a steady increase despite the limited accommodation, the paucity of equipment, and the efforts made in the interests of economy to reduce expenditure to a minimum. The following shows the figures for the last five years:

Massage and electric treat-

ments

Radiological examination... Films exposed

1932 1933 1934 1935 1936

9,498 10,579 12,947 18,077 10,465

2,696 3,076 3,991 4,897 5,511

4,521 5,477 8,208 8,577 9,193

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387. Of the 5,551 radiological examinations 3,900 were done at the Government Civil Hospital, and 1,611 at the Kowloon Hospital as compared with 3,682 and 1,215 in the previous year.

388. The decrease in the number of treatments for massage and electro-therapy is due to a change in the method of com- putation. It is common for a patient to receive more than one treatment under one or the other heading, or under both, at one visit. In former years each treatment was counted separately and as many as four might be recorded for one sitting. This year treatments were recorded as massage or electrotherapy with the result that the maximum for one visit was two not four.

389. On both sides of the harbour there is need for more extensive and more appropriate accommodation both for X-Ray work, for massage and for electro-therapy. The new Queen Mary Hospital will provide the necessary accommodation on the Island. A new block at Kowloon is urgently required.

390. Most of the X-Ray work was done by one or other of the three X-Ray machines installed during 1935. One, a com- bined screening and radiographic unit is intended ultimately for use in the operating theatre of the Queen Mary Hospital. The other two sets are mobile units, one for Kowloon Hospital and the other for Queen Mary Hospital.

391. The "Victor" X-Ray tube fitted to the machine at the Kowloon Hospital has given excellent service and appears not to suffer as much from excessive humidity as the Metalix S.A.” tubes.

392. The routine use of X-Ray paper was continued for suit- able cases

A total of 4,848 sheets were exposed resulting in a

saving of £253.11.0.

393. The quantity of Radium needed for the treatment of cancer patients applying to the Government Hospitals for relief is much greater than that available. Most cases require in addi- tion Deep X-Ray Therapy, in fact, in the majority Deep X-Ray therapy is the method of choice. The Government Medical Departinent has no machine for Deep X-Ray therapy and only twenty milligrammes of Radium. For a time a certain amount of Radium was loaned to the Government Civil Hospital by the Trustees of the Matilda Hospital but this supply was with- drawn on the 22nd of May.

394. It is sincerely hoped that the financial situation will permit of provision being made in the estimates to allow of the purchase of a sufficiency of radium and the installation of an up to date Deep X-Ray machine to treat the many cases of malignant disease who might be saved but who are doomed to a lingering death owing to the lack of equipment.

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VENEREAL DISEASES CLINICS.

395. There are four Government V. D. Clinics in the Colony. The first was opened at the Government Civil Hospital Outpatient Department in 1928, the second, an ad hoc centre at South Kowloon close to the docks, in April 1933, the third at Kowloon Hospital Outpatients Department in March 1935, and the fourth at the Violet Peel Health Centre in Wanchai district, Victoria, in September 1935.

396. All treatment is given free of charge.

397. Clinics are held daily as follows:

(a) At the Government Civil Hospital:-

Monday and Wednesday.-10 a.m. for Chinese. Tuesday.-9 a.m. for Europeans.

Friday.-10 a.m. for women only.

(b) At the Violet Peel Health Centre, Wanchai: Monday.-5.15 for male cases.

Wednesday.-10 a.m. for European males.

Thursday.-2 p.m. and Saturday.-10 a.m. for Chinese

males.

Thursday.-10 a.m. for females.

Friday.-10 a.m. for Indian males.

This Clinic is open daily from 8 a.m. to 11 a.m. and from 1 p.m. to 8 p.m. for the treatment of males and from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. for the treatment of females. A trained dresser attends to males and a trained nurse to females.

(c) At the South Kowloon Centre near the docks:

Monday 2.30 p.m. for women only.

Tuesday.-10 a.m. & Friday.-2.30 p.m. for Chinese

males.

Tuesday.-2.30 p.m. & Saturday.-10.30

Europeans.

Thursday.-2 p.m. for Indians.

a.mn. for

This Clinic is open daily from 8 a.m. to 9.30 a.m. and from 11 a.m. to 8 p.m. for the treatment of males and from 9.30 a.m. to 10.30 a.m. for the treatment of females. A trained dresser attends to male patients and a trained nurse attends to female patients..

(d) At Kowloon Hospital:-

Tuesday.-2.30 p.m. for males only.

Friday.-2.30 p.m. for women only.

►

M 85

398. New cases treated in 1936:-

Europeans Chinese

Indians

Others

Total

M.

F.

M. F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

G. C. II.

71

1

1797 662

41

1

1913 666

Violet Peel

35

2

620 603 104

16

775 611

South Kowloon. 137

1181 439 105

1432 439

Kowloon Hosp. 5

8

259 568

272 576

Taipo

11 12

Un Long

45 3

16 12 54

248

11

3913 2287 270

3

31

64462,2307

399. Number of Attendances in 1936 : ·

Europeans Chinese

Indians

Others

Total

! M.

F.

M.

F. M. F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

G. C. H.

714

2

7207 2851) 740

10

6

2

8677, 2865

Violet Peel

309

2696 3210 1371 25

93

21

4469 3258

South Kowloon. 1094

5231 2150 1300

50

7675 2159

Kowloon Hosp. 60 Taipo

63

1320 2148

96

2

1478 2211

67 54 307

374 54

Un Long

163 13 224

387 13

2177

67 16684 10426 4038 44 151

23 23050 10560

400. At the Violet Peel V. D. Clinic 14,068, at the South Kowloon Clinic 16,969 and at the Kowloon Hospital Clinic 2,266 patients received dressings and irrigations.

401. The 24 beds reserved for male V.D. cases at the G.C.H. were kept occupied during the year. There is an urgent need for beds for female patients and children.

402. A number of children diagnosed at Infant Walfare Centres to be suffering from venereal disease were referred to the V.D. Clinics for treatment. This was specially the case at the Violet Peel Welfare Centre where the Infant Welfare Centre and the V.D. Clinic occupied adjacent quarters under the same roof.

M 86-

403. 11,196 specimens of blood were sent to the Bacterio- logical Institute for the Wasserman test. The results were as follows:

Males. Females. Total.

Strong positive

2,016

760 2,776

Positive

685

331

1,016

Weak positive

583

203

786

Doubtful

757

199

956

Negative

3,617

2,045

5,662

7,658 3,538 11,196

404. 13,210 injections of N.A.B. and 1,500 injections of Bismuth were given to outpatients. 4,159 smears were examined for gonorrhoea.

Staff.

405. Dr. J. A. R. Selby was in charge during the year. He was assisted by Dr. Cheung Kung Leung (Chinese Medical Officer) and Mr. A. Steven (Technical Assistant). The Govern- ment Chinese Lady Medical Officers, Doctors Lai and Ruttonjee assisted in the clinics for women. Miss Ivy Soong was nurse for the year.

INFANT WELFARE CENTRES.

406. The Infant Welfare Centres, two in number, have been described in Section VI.

GOVERNMENT RURAL DISPENSARIES.

407. The Dispensaries maintained by Government during the year under review were the Taipo Dispensary, the Un Long Dispensary, the Ruttonjee Dispensary, the Lady Ho Tung Welfare Centre, the Sai Kung Dispensary and the Tai-O Dis- pensary, all in the New Territories. Details with regard to these will be found in Section XII which deals with the New Territories.

—

M 87

SECTION VIII.

The Chinese Hospitals (Tung Wah Group) and the Chinese Public Dispensaries.

408. The Chinese Hospitals and Chinese Dispensaries are institutions established by the Chinese for the benefit of the poor of Chinese nationality. Intended to be additional to, not in substitution of, the Government Hospitals they serve a very useful purpose not only in the matter of medical relief but in that of health education.

409. An enormous and ever-increasing number of sick too poor to pay a doctor's fee or to buy proper medicine, are success- fully reached.

410. There are three general hospitals each with maternity wards attached, one infectious diseases hospital, one maternity hospital and nine public dispensaries.

411. They are maintained by subscriptions from the public, by donations from the Chinese General Charities Fund and by direct grants from Government. They are controlled by Chinese Committees who work in close co-operation with the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

412. In the three general hospitals both Western Medicine and Chinese medicine are practised the former by graduates of the Hong Kong University the latter by a staff of local herbalists. The patient when entering is given the choice of treatment.

413. In the Infectious Diseases Hospital any treatment of smallpox cases is carried out by herbalists.

414. Western medicine only is practised in the Chinese Public Dispensaries.

415. Both Hospitals and Dispensaries. are subject to inspection by the Government Medical Department. There are four officers of the Department whose duty it is to visit the various institutions and to give advice and assistance. These officers work in close touch with the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

THE TUNG WAH GROUP OF HOSPITALS.

416. The Tung Wali group of hospitals comprising the Tung Wah Hospital, the Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital, the Kwong Wah Hospital and the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital are Chinese institutions whose relation to Government has been established by Ordinance. They are subsidised by Government and are subject to inspection by certain Government officials.

0

M 88

417. The authority in administrative control is a Committee of Chinese gentlemen elected each year by the subscribers.

418. The activities of the Chinese Hospitals include:-

(a) The care of the sick and treatment by Western methods or Chinese methods according to the wishes of the patients.

(b) Maternity benefits and infant welfare by Western

methods only.

(c) Vaccination.

(d) Health propaganda.

(e) Assistance to the destitute.

(f) The provision of coffins for the burial of the dead.

419. Much progress has been made in all departments of the hospitals during the last few years. These improvements

include:-

(a) The appointment of University graduates as full-

time Resident Medical Officers.

(b) The foundation of training schools for female nurses.

(c) Extensions and improvements in the male nursing

section.

(d) The establishment of clinical laboratories.

(e) The provision of radiological apparatus.

(f) The establishment of up-to-date operating theatres.

(g) The purchase of motor ambulances.

(h) Improvements in the accommodation for patients. (i) Improvements in quarters for the staff.

420. To-day each of the three Chinese Hospitals has a good operating theatre where operations are performed daily, many of which are major in character.

421. In charge of the medical side (Western) of each hospital is a Medical Superintendent, a graduate of the Univer- sity, whose salary is paid by Government, and who is a member of the Medical Department.

THE TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

422. The Tung Wah Hospital situated in the centre of the most thickly populated area in Victoria was founded by the Chinese in 1872 with the help and encouragement of the Govern- ment. It took the place of a Home for the Dying which had

M 89

been conducted by charitable Chinese, and it was intended to provide treatment by Chinese herbalists, and accommodation in sanitary surroundings for the poor of the Chinese race. Origin- ally intended for the accommodation and treatment of those Chinese whose fears and prejudices against Western Medicine prevented their applying for relief at the Government Hospitals, the Tung Wah at a later period introduced and encouraged scientific methods. As prejudice disappeared and confidence grew the demand for Western medicine increased until now the number of inpatients being treated by this method is nearly double that which still pins its faith to the plasters and decoc- tions of the herbalists.

423. In 1933 and 1934 the older and more insanitary of the buildings comprising the hospital were demolished and their place taken by structures of more modern design. A few old wards still remain but these will be replaced when financial circumstances permit of this being done.

424. In the present stage there is accommodation for 470 beds and this number will be increased when the back wings of the new six storey block are completed.

425. In 1935 the outpatient departments both for western treatment and herbalist methods were transferred from the gloomy and unhygienic quarters formerly used to new premises well lighted and ventilated on the opposite side of the road.

426. Early in the year the Directors converted a portion of the old outpatient department into a children's ward of twenty beds. By increasing the area of the windows and doors a dark and dismal space became a light and airy ward.

ward. Another portion of the O. P. Department was converted into a fracture ward of 16 beds.

427. The waste land in front of the main entrance was made into a garden adding considerably to the general appearance.

428. The staff consists of a Chinese Medical Officer of the Government Medical Department and three Assistant Medical Officers whose salaries are paid by the Hospital. There are in addition a number of Chinese Herbalists who practice Chinese medicine for the benefit of those who prefer that treatment.

429.

Inpatients (General).

Western

treatment.

Chinese Maternity treatment. Cases.

Total.

1936

9.251

5,723

2,034

17,008

1935

7,157

4,984

1,833

13,974

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430. There were 1,586 operations including 303 major cases.

.431.

Outpatients (General).

Western Chinese treatment. treatment.

Total.

1936

33,486

165,370 198,568

1935

34,748

170,584

205,332

432.

Eye Clinic.

1936

16,996

1935

16,312

433.

Boby Clinic.

1936

1,726

1935

2,523

434.

Vaccinations.

1936

4,196

1935

2,658

435.

Deaths.

Brought in dead.

1936

3,326

990

1935

2,539

645

436. A large proportion of the deaths in the Hospital occur within 24 hours of admission. The sick poor go there to die. Those brought in dead include bodies sent from ships in harbour, from neighbouring hospitals, from the Public Dispensaries and from private houses. All are taken to the Tung Wah for the benefit of free coffining and free burial.

THE KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.

437. Established in 1911 this hospital does for Kowloon and the Peninsula what the Tung Wah and the Tung Wah Eastern do for the Island of Hong Kong. There is official accommoda- tion for about 326 beds, of which 229 are for general diseases, 40 are for tuberculosis cases and 59 are for maternity cases. There are 18 private wards including 7 for maternity cases.

438. The accommodation cannot keep pace with the growth in population. Kowloon has considerably more than doubled itself during the last ten years. No patient is turned away for want of room and in both inedical and surgical wards it is com- mon to find two in a bed, and others sleeping on the floor.

M 91

439. The staff consists of a Chinese Resident Medical Officer whose salary is paid by the Government, and three Assistant Medical Officers paid by the Directors.

440. There are also a number of Chinese Herbalists who practise Chinese medicine and are paid out of Hospital funds.

441.

1936

Inpatients

Western Chinese Maternity

treatment.

treatment. Cases.

Total.

9,155

4,436

4,173

17,764

7,365

3,364 4,439

15,168

1935

442. There were 316 operations including 106 major ones.

443.

1936

•

1935

Outpatients.

Western Chinese treatment. treatment.

48,106

47,700

Total.

182,813 230,919

162,779

210,479

444. There were 3,661 eye cases as compared with 3,590 for the previous year.

445. There were 1,450 vaccinations as compared with 1,858 in 1935.

446. The number of deaths in hospital was 4,828 of which 1,206 were admitted in a serious eudition and died within 48 hours. 1,330 bodies were laugh be burial.

447. There is a small laboratory where facilities are available for ordinary routine microscopic exammation.

448. A children's clinic is held twice a week. The attend- ance numbered 7,812 as compared with 5.288 in 1935.

449. There is also an antenatal elime held once a week in the Maternity Block. The number of euses seen was 184.

THE TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL.

450. This hospital is situated at the eastern part of the City of Victoria. It was built in 1929: and verzonks the Sookunpo Valley playing-fields. It has modern fittings and equipment. A the wards have through ventilation and there is a imodern well-lighted operating theatre. It has accommodation for 236 beds, of which 194 are for general, 14 for maternity and 28 for tuberculosis patients. A ward of 14 beds has been closed tem- porarily.

M 92

451. The staff consists of a Chinese Medical Officer whose salary is paid by Government, and two Assistant Medical Officers appointed by the Directors. There are also herbalists.

452.

Inpatients.

Western Chinese Maternity treatment. treatment. Cases.

Total.

1936

5,110 2,715

1,210

9,035

1935

4,847 2,185

1,154

8,186

453.

Major Operations under

General Anaesthesia.

1936

1935

204

127

454.

Outpatients.

Western Chinese

treatment. treatment.

Total.

1936

36,569

62,849

99,418

1935

28,122

61,358

89,480

455.

Vaccination.

1936

1935

532

438

456. Two wards have been set aside (one male and one female) for patients who are able to make some payment but who cannot afford a private room. The charge in these wards is $1.40 per day including food and medicine. Each patient can, if he desires, bring in an attendant to help in looking after him. There are 14 beds in the Male ward and 8 in the Female.

457. There are 24 small private wards where the inclusive fee per day is $3.00. The wards are popular.

458. A ward of 12 beds has been reserved for the treatment of opium addicts. Treatment by autogenous serum injections have been tried with apparently encouraging results. It is how- ever impossible to assess the permanency of the results as no following up system has been devised which will give sufficient reliable information. The course is usually completed within two weeks. During the year 404 cases were treated the cost of the treatment being defrayed by Government.

M 93

459. Deaths in 1936 numbered 1,935. A large proportion of these (1,024) died within 24 hours of admission. 804 bodies were brought in for burial.

THE TUNG WAH INFECTIOUS DISEASES HOSPITAL.

460. The Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital, erected in 1902 for the herbal treatment of plague cases, consists of six wards arranged in three two-storied blocks and faced by another group of three two-storied blocks intended for staff quarters and for administration purposes.

461. At a distance and separated by a yard are the kitchens. the servants' quarters and the mortuary. The whole is con- tained in a large compound.

462. This hospital at the time of its construction was con- sidered to have all the requirements necessary for the proper treatment of Plague cases by Chinese methods. From 1903 until 1910 plague cases only were admitted. From 1910 to 1935 it was used for the herbalist treatment of smallpox.

463. There is room for 60 cases without overcrowding but there is no arrangement for heating the words and no water carriage system.

464. The staff consists of a Chinese coolie as a caretaker and an amah. There is no resident doctor and no clerk and there are neither dressers nor nurses.

465. Considered to be a herbalist hospital it is seldom visited by any of the Western-trained Tung Wah staff, and for all practical purposes it is controlled by the caretaker. There being no trained staff resident and the control being such as it is there must be grave doubts regarding the efficiency of the disinfection processes and the means taken to prevent dissemina- tion of disease by patients, contacts and formites.

466. When there are any patients requiring his attentions a herbalist from the Tung Wah visits daily and prescribes in- fusions but there is no attempt at nursing. Certain hospital clothing is provided but the patients as often as not wear their own clothes.

467. No cases of smallpox were admitted during the year.

468. There can be no doubt that conditions at this so called hospital are most unsatisfactory both from the point of view of the public and the patients. For some time past it has been badly upkept and it is now unworthy to be called a hospital. As an institution for the segregation and treatment of the infectious sick it has outlived its usefulness and is obsolete.

M 94-

469. There being in the Colony no accommodation for the housing of lepers the Directors consented to Government item- porarily using a portion of the institution as a refuge for these unfortunates. Since May, 1935, it has been so used.

THE CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.

470. The origin of the Chinese Public Dispensaries was a movement made in 1904 by certain leading Chinese citizens to stop the practice of dumping dead bodies by providing receiving houses for the sick and for the dead which would act also as information bureaux where the poor could obtain advice and asistance in matters connected with:

(a) the removal of patients to hospital.

(b) certification as to cause of death.

(c) removal of corpses to mortuaries.

(d) supply of coffins and arrangements for burial.

(e) the registration of births.

(f) vaccination.

471. In 1905 two depots were established, the Western and the Eastern under a Committee, consisting of the Chairman of the Tung Wah Board of Directors and two unofficial Chinese members of the Sanitary Board.

472. In immediate charge of each depot was a Chinese doctor qualified in Western medicine and his staff consisted of an English-speaking clerk and a number of subordinates.

473. In 1908 the movement ceased to be connected with the Tung Wah and the Committee became the Chinese Public Dis- pensaries Committee under the Chairmanship of the Registrar General, now the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

474. It was declared at the time that the work of the depots or dispensaries was not hospital work and that the Chinese doctors employed were simply to diagnose disease and not to treat it. However, treatment centres were needed and treat- nient, commenced in a small way, gradually developed until now the principal function of the dispensaries is medical relief.

475. It is worthy of note that as far back as 1896 a Com- mission appointed by Government to advise regarding the Medical Department recommended the establishment under Government control of dispensaries in different parts of Victoria and Kowloon. However, none were built and the Chinese Public Dispensaries today occupy the positions which under other circumstances would have been filled by depart- mental institutions.

- M 95-

476. There are now nine Chinese Public Dispensaries five of which are situated on the Island of Hong Kong and four in Kowloon. In some cases they occupy buildings which were designed and constructed for the purpose, in others adapted premises. During the year the Sham Shui Po Dispensary moved from the old temple it had so long occupied to the new and com- modious institution specially built for it.

477. Situated in the most thickly populated districts these dispensaries fulfil a most useful purpose, not only in the treat- ment of disease but also as foci for the spread of knowledge concerning the cause of disease, the means of spread and the value of Western drugs and methods both in prevention and

cure.

478. Once a week at each of the Dispensaries a gynaeco- logical clinic is held by one of the Government Lady Medical Officers. In some there are two clinics a week.

479. Investigations are carried out at the Government Bacteriological Laboratory for the various dispensaries. The work consists largely of examination of bloods for malaria.

480. Each dispensary is an official registry office for the births occurring in the district served by it. During the year 18,493 births were registered at Dispensaries.

481. Last but not least, each dispensary has a room attach- ed to it where dead bodies can be received for transport to the mortuaries preliminary to burial. Coffins are provided free.

482. Very good propaganda work was done during the year by four "street orators" appointed by and paid by the Chinese Public Dispensaries Committee for the purpose of spreading the gospel of public health to the people. They rendered valuable service to the police by lecturing and distributing pamphlets during the "Safety First" campaign held at the beginning of the year.

SUMMARY OF WORK DONE IN THE DISPENSARIES DURING 1936.

Patients

Certifi-

cates of

Patients

Corpses

removed

Gynaecological

Dead

Patients

removed

from

Dispensaries.

cause of

sent to

to hosp.

death

hospital. by ambu-

homes

infants

brought

Vaccina-

cases seen by Lady Doctor

tion.

to dis-

for free

New

cases.

Old

issued.

lance..

burial.

pensary.

New

Old

cases.

cases.

cases.

M 96

Central

42,032

30,495

5

83

}

Eastern

18,733

23,412

12

Western

29,426 20,367

47

8 22

5

10

14

45

5,449

299

675

7.

37

227

5,030

582

929

12

00

26

396

5,585

Shaukiwan

30,113

51,643

16

87

2

255

6,733

902

1,228

Aberdeen

8,960

9,690

Harbour & Yaumati

48,694

35,272

40

19

123

2

1,447

309

282

91

✪

3

136

10,290

1,347

1,920

Shamshuipo

38,698

30,550

3

45

225

13,807

889

1,583

Hung Hom

16,000 3,030

70

118

1

00

186

4,340

346

383

Kowloon City

19,788 17,924

62

32

88

Οτ

18

162

4,570

509

972

Total for 1936

252,444

222,383 247

659

34

108

1,632

57,251

5,183

7,972

Total for 1935

217,811

194,743 193

391

64

115

1,360

60,893

5,237

8,111

WORK DONE AT THE GYNAECOLOGICAL CLINICS IN 1936.

No. of Clinics

Total Number

New Cases

Old Cases

Average Attendance

C. P. D.

per day

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

1935

1936

Central

49

49

: 990

974

311

299

679

675

20.2

19.9

Eastern

43

46

1,450

1,511

541

582

909

929

34.0

35.0

Shaukiwan

101

97

2,089

2,130

801

902

1,288

1,228

20.7

22.0

Aberdeen

49

Yaumati

99

28

48

623

591

308

309

315

282

12.7

12.3

100

3,340

3,267

1,508

1,347

1,832

1,920

33.7

32.7

Shamshuipo

89

96

2,746

2,472

885

889

1,861

1,583

30.9

25.7

Hung Hom

42

48

808

729

449

346

359

383

19.2

15.2

Kowloon City

48

49

1,302

1,481

434

509

868

972

27.0

30.2

Kwong Wah Hospital

47

47

1,080

1,154

507

460

573

694

23.0

24.5

Total:---

567

580

14,428

14,309

5,744 5,643

8,684

8,666

24.6

24.2

M 97-

INDIAN CLINICS.

G. C. II.

23

42

295

556

102

145

193

411

13.0

13.2

V. P. H. G.

49

52

1,057

1,176

230

230

827

946

21.6

22.6

Kowloon Hospital

50

50

833

840

167

189

666

651

16.6

16.8

Total:--

112

144

2,185

2,572

499

564

1,686

2,008

17.1

17.4

-

- M. 98

SECTION IX.

Prisons.

483. The principal prison in the Colony is Victoria Gaol where there is accommodation for 650 males. At Lai Chi Kok on the Kowloon side of the Harbour is the Lai Chi Kok Prison where there is accommodation for 640 males. The Female Prison is situated near to the Lai Chi Kok Prison and has ac- commodation for more than 100.

484. All male prisoners are admitted to Victoria Gaol where they are carefully examined by the Medical Officer. Some, in- cluding all who are not passed as medically fit, remain in Vic- toria, others are transferred to Lai Chi Kok. Female prisoners go direct to the Female Prison.

485. The total number of admissions to all prisons was 16,106 of which 13,291 were males and 2,815 females. Of these 1,398 males were fifty years of age or over.

486. In Victoria Gaol there is a small hospital of 30 beds. At the Lai Chi Kok Prison there are 12 beds for non-serious

cases, serious cases are transferred to Victoria Gaol Hospital.

The Female Prison has 9 beds for sick cases.

487. For cases which require special treatment there are prison wards in the Government Civil Hospital and in the Kow- loon Hospital.

488. 70 cases were transferred to the Government Civil Hospital (33 for X-ray examination) for treatment not available in the Prison Hospital, while 6 cases were transferred to the Mental Hospital.

489. There were 26 deaths amongst the male prisoners and none amongst the females. The causes of deaths were:

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Tubercular Enteritis

Acute Myocarditis

Alveolar Abscess

Relapsing Fever

Cerebral Abscess

Syphilitic Aortitis

Aortic Valvular disease Septicaemia

17

1

2

1

1

1

1

1

26

M 99

490. 5 male prisoners were released on medical grounds, all of whom were lepers, one female prisoner was released on ac- count of pernicious anaemia.

REMAND HOME FOR JUVENILES.

491. The Belilios Reformatory, which for many years had been used for other purposes, was on the 20th November, 1933, re-occupied as a Remand Home for Juveniles.

492. There were 34 boys remaining in the home at the end of 1935 and 1,381 were admitted during the year, making a total of 1,415, of whom 43 remained at the end of 1936.

493. The Prison Medical Officer visits the home weekly and at other times, if required.

494. The general standard of health of the inmates was good. 421 boys were vaccinated on admission. Cases of minor injury and sickness were treated in the Home and 26 cases were sent to the Government Civil Hospital. Scabies, 87 cases, was the commonest ailment treated. The majority of the remaining cases were minor injuries and septic skin infections.

Prison.

Total Prisoners

Admitted.

Daily Average No. of inmates.

Total admissions to Hospitals.

Daily Average

No. of Prisoners

to Hospital.

Total Outpatients,

Daily Avereag number of Outpatients.

Deaths due to

disease.

deaths to total ad- missions to Prison.

Death rate i.e. % of

Victoria (Male)

Lai Chi Kok (Male)

|13,291 1,127 1,441 23.95 21,741 72.54

25 0.188

600

712 10.05 4,945 13.51

1 0.0076

Lai Chi Kok (Female). 2,815 190 305 6.24 2,198 6.00

495. All male prisoners are admitted to Victoria Gaol in the first instance and no prisoner is transferred to Lai Chi Kok unless he is passed medically fit.

496. Serious cases from Lai Chi Kok are transferred to the Victoria Gaol Hospital for treatment.

M 100

SECTION X.

Meteorology.

497. Situated just within the northern limits of the tropics cccupying an insular position immediately to the south of the great land mass of China, Hong Kong's climate is very material- ly influenced by the direction of the prevailing winds.

498. The North East Monsoon blows from November to May and during this period the weather is dry, cool and in- vigorating. From May until October, the season of the South West Monsoon, the air is highly charged with moisture and the climate is hot.

499. The mean annual temperature is 72°F. During the summer months the average maximum temperature is 87°F. and there is little difference throughout the twenty-four hours. Situated on the north side of the Island the City of Victoria gets all the heat and moisture of the South West Monsoon but not the breeze itself which is cut off by the mountain behind the town. During the winter months the range of temperature is from 70°F. to 45°F. with an average of 66°F.

500. The table on the following page gives the means or totals of the meteorological data for the several months of the year 1936. The data for this table were kindly supplied by the Director of the Royal Observatory, Hong Kong.

METEOROLOGICAL DATA.

The following Table I gives the means, totals or extremes of the Meteorological Data for the several months of the year 1936.

Barometer

M 101

Temperature.

Humidity.

Wind.

Month.

at M.S.L.

Mean.

Cloudiness Sunshine.

Rain.

Absolute

Mean

Mean.

Mean

Max.

Max.

Min.

Absolute

Min.

p.c.

Abs.

Direction. Velocity.

•

❤

ins.

Rel.

ins.

p.c.

hours.

ins.

Points.

Miles p.h.

January

30.18

69.1

63.2

57.7

53.7

44.7

75

0.36

63

177.6

0.580

E/N

11.0

February

30.06

76.0

64.1

59.3

55.9

45.9

85

0.44

92

48.6

3.345

E/N

14.0

March

30.16

79.9

61.5

57.0

53.8

43.2

81

0.39

85

65.4

0.465

E/N

15.8

April

29.94

85.7

76.5

70.9

66.9

58.0

87

0.67

86

98.5

4.600

E

10.6

May

29.87

87.9

81.5

76.7

73.5

68.0

88

0.80

79

143.2

10.160

E

10.3

June

29.78

92.4

87.5

82.6

79.4

75.6

84

0.93

71

198.1

5.700

SE

9.8

July

29.74

91.7

88.6

83.2

79.3

76.4

83

0.94

68

247.7

8.810

SE

9.4

August

29.72

91.5

87.8

82.3

78.1

74.0

83

0.91

68

219.2

21.305

ESE

10.9

September

29.83

90.1

86.3

81.0

76.9

70.0

76

0.81

58

224.3

12.380

E

11.2

October

30.00

879

82.6

76.0

71.0

65.0

63

0.55

33

253.4

1.885

ENE

11.3

November

30.13

83 6

76.3

70.5

66.1

60.1

73

0.55

39

228.0

0.165

E/N

12.1

December

30.13

81.2

70.5

64.9

60.7

52.9

75

0.47

64

156.3

0.375

ENE

10.6

Mean totall

29.96

92.4

77.2

71.8

67.9

43.2

79

0.65

67

2,060.3

69.770

E

11.4

or extreme

- M 102

SECTION XI.

Scientific.

A.-BACTERIOLOGICAL INSTITUTE.

501. The activities of the Institute include: (a) the preparation of vaccine lymph.

(b) the preparation of anti-meningococcic serum. (c) the preparation of bacterial vaccines. (d) the preparation of anti-rabic vaccine. (e) examination of pathological material.

(f) examination of waters, milks, etc., etc. (g) medical research.

502. The Institute is under the charge of the Government Bacteriologist who is assisted by the Assistant Bacteriologist, one Chief Laboratory Assistant and five Laboratory Assistants.

503. Particulars of the work done during the year are con- tained in the Annual Report of the Bacteriologist which is appended the Ann

B. THE PUBLIC MORTUARIES.

504 There are two public mortuaries, one being situated in Victoria and the other in Kowloon.

505. At these places for the reception of the dead are received: -

(a) bodies from the Chinese Hospitals and Chinese

Public Dispensaries for diagnosis.

(b) bodies forwarded by Convents which have received them either moribund or dead, from relatives and friends.

(c) dumped bodies, that is to say, bodies which have been taken from the place of death under cover of the night and dumped in the streets. or in the harbour to save the trouble and expense of burial. The great majority of these cases have died a natural death and there is no need for concealment. (d) bodies sent by the Police for medico-legal examina-

tion.

(e) bodies sent by the Medical Officer of Health for examination for signs of infectious disease or for simple diagnosis.

M 103

506. In all cases where a diagnosis cannot otherwise be made a sectio cadaveris is performed.

507. All dead rats collected by the Sanitary Authorities are taken to the mortuaries for examination with regard to plague.

508. During the year both Mortuaries were in charge of Medical Officers who had been detailed for this work in addition to their other duties.

PUBLIC MORTUARY, VICTORIA.

509. Report on Post-mortem Examinations, 1936:-

Number of examinations performed

Male bodies examined

Female bodies examined

2,547

1,232

1,314

Sex unknown owing to advanced decomposition.

Claimed bodies sent from hospitals, etc.

1

138

Unclaimed bodies mostly abandoned

759

Bodies of infants sent from Italian Convent ...

1,650

Number of Chinese bodies examined

2,540

Number of Non-Chinese bodies examined

7

Male. Female.

Total.

Number of bodies under

2 years of age

717

1,026

1,743

Number of bodies over

2 years of age

515

288

803

510. Bodies were received from the following sources:

Victoria

Shaukiwan District

Other Villages

511. Number of rats exainined

512. Number found plague infected

2,420

80

47

100,259

Nil.

M 104

PUBLIC MORTUARY, KOWLOON.

513. Report on Post-mortem Examinations, 1936:-

Number of examinations performed

Male bodies examined

Female bodies examined

Bodies of unknown sex (indistinguishable)

Claimed bodies sent from Hospitals, etc.

Unclaimed bodies mostly abandoned

Number of Chinese bodies examined

Number of Non-Chinese bodies examined

3,389

1,906

1,470

13

43

3,346

3,376

13

Male. Female. Unknown. Total.

Number of bodies under

2 years of age 1,375 1,226

Number of bodies over

4 2,605

2 years of age

531 244

9

784

...

514. Bodies were received from the following sources:

Kowloon District

Harbour Police

Elsewhere

515. Number of rats examined

516. Number found plague infected

3,098

195

96

..... 109,992

Nil.

M 105

SECTION XII.

The New Territories.

PUBLIC HEALTH AND SANITATION.

517. The New Territories comprise the mainland between Kowloon and the Sham Chun River and a number of islands including Lantau which is larger than Hong Kong. The main- land is so indented by bays, harbours and coves that it may be said to consist of a number of irregular peninsulas many of which are almost islands. Both mainland and islands are of similar geological formation, being barren granite hills. or mountains separated by fertile valleys.

518. For general administrative purposes the New Ter- ritories have been divided into two districts-North and South each under its District Officer. The Northern District which is chiefly mainland is approximately 200 square miles in extent. The Southern District has roughly 100 square miles of which 40 only are mainland, the rest being islands.

519. For the purposes of medical administration it has been found convenient to divide the Territories into а Western Medical District and an Eastern Medical District, the boundary line being the range of hills which extends from North to South and which separates the waters running East from those going West or South.

520. The Western District includes the West Coast and the South Coast with the hinterlands stretching back to the hills. The circular road crosses the boundary at the 3rd mile and at the 32nd mile. The islands of Tsing, Lantau, Cheung Chau and Lamma form part of this district.

.

521. The Eastern District includes the whole of the East Coast with its hinterlands.

522. Each medical district has approximately 150 aquare miles.

523. With regard to population the only information avail- able is that contained in the Census Report where the figures refer to police districts only. The populations of the various villages in those districts are not known. The following is taken from the 1931 Census Report:

Western Medical District.

POLICE DISTRICT.

Mainland:

Tsun Wan

Ping Shan

Au Tau

Lok Ma Chau

POPULATION.

5,335

12,660

12,877

4,377

35,249

Islands:

Lantau

M 106-

7,409

Tung Chung Cheung Chau

floating)

1,713

(5,477 land,

land, 7,045

12,522

21,644

56,893

Eastern Medical District.

POLICE DISTRICT.

Mainland:-

Sha Tau Kok

Sheung Shui

Taipo

Shatin

Saikung

Islands:-

Po Toi Group and Cheung Kwan O

District

POPULATION.

8,941

10,208

12,684

4,346

7,585

43,764

3,100

3,100

46,864

524. The population is grouped into villages which are situated mostly on the lower levels, viz., on the flats facing the sea or in the valleys leading up to and between the hills. Some of the villages are easy of access by rail or road but some are only reached after hours of walking and there are those which are only easily accessible by boat.

525. The rules and regulations governing village life are nowhere laid down in print but have been handed down from generation to generation. There are no heads of villages appointed by and responsible to Government, for the conduct of village affairs, but there are "Village Elders" who are accepted as arbiters in petty disputes and who have acquired their posi- tion through age, experience, wealth or family rank. These elders have no executive power and are regarded by the villagers and by Government as advisers only.

526. From time to time co-operative efforts are made for the good of the community--some contributing money, some materials and some labour. In this way the paving of streets or paths, the construction of a bridge or the digging of a village well is brought about.

M 107

Public Health.

527. Under section 3 of the Interpretation Ordinance all public health ordinances extend to the New Territories unless it otherwise appears from the express provisions or by necessary implications. The Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance, which deals with most aspects of sanitation, does not apply to any part of the New Territories, as section 99 states-"This Ordin- ance and the regulations made thereunder shall not apply to any part of the New Territories except Kowloon, unless and to such extent the Governor in Council shall by order otherwise direct.' Up to date no order has been made.

528. With regard to sanitary measures which are the con- cern of the District Officers, inarkets have been constructed at Taipo, Cheung Chau and Un Long. In these important market villages organisations, rather primitive in nature, have been established for dealing with sanitary matters but in the other villages there is no sanitary machinery and pigs are still the natural scavengers. There are no antimosquito laws and there

is no labour code.

529. Figures for diseases incidence during the years the New Territories have been under British jurisdiction are not available so that incident rates for particular diseases cannot be cal- culated. Such being the case the health conditions of the people can only be gauged by inspection and deduction.

530. Past reports of District Officers or of the Police make little mention of diseases or of deaths and the natural conclu- sion is that there was little out of the normal to note.

531. Enquiries inade at the villages elicits little that can be called alarming. Some sick can be found but they are few compared with the number of healthy looking men, women and children one sees going about attending to their various occupa- tions.

532. Near the hills there is a considerable amount of malaria but judging from the appearance of the people, the number of chubby children and the lowness of the spleen rates, the ravages of this disease are mild when compared with other tropical countries.

533. Abnormalities and accidents in connection with pregnancy and child birth must occur, but from all accounts they are few in proportion to the numbers of normal cases.

534. Skin diseases there are, but judging from the returus of the dispensaries and travelling dispensary they are not very prevalent.

535. Trachoma varies with the village. In some it is com- on in others it is not.

M 108

536. With regard to Tuberculosis the population is mostly engaged in agriculture or fishing. The people as a whole live an open air life and Tuberculosis cases are not common.

537. Though made applicable to the New Territories in 1911 the Registration of Births and Deaths Ordinance was not enforced until 1932 and it was not until 1935 that death regis- tration became sufficiently universal to warrant death rates being calculated. Assuming that all deaths were registered in that year the death rates for the different districts were as follows:

Police District.

Western Medical District.

Deaths.

Death rate per mille population.

Tsun Wan

214

39.96 (29.09 if Shing Mun Dam

population included).

Ping Shan

298

23.54

Au Tau

385

29.87

Lok Ma Chau

83

29.88

Tai O (Lantau Island) 172

23.22 if boat population

included.

Cheung Chau Island. 285

22.75

Eastern Medical District.

Police District.

Deaths.

Death rate per mille population.

Sha Tau Kok

236

26.40

Sheung Shui

....

186

18.22

Taipo

242

19.08

Shatin

108

24.85

Saikung

175

23.07

538. Taking everything into consideration there is no evid- ence that the population of the New Territories is an unhealthy

one.

The Medical Department's Organisation during 1936.

539. Under the scheme for medical expansion the New Territories were divided into Western and Eastern districts with headquarters respectively at Un Long and Taipo. Each district is in charge of a Chinese Medical Officer who is responsible to the Medical Officer of the New Territories.

M 109

540. The duties of the District Medical Officer include :-

(1) Supervision of the Government dispensaries in his

district.

(2) Domiciliary visits to indigent cases too ill to attend

the dispensary.

(3) Emergency calls for all classes.

(4) Accompanying the Travelling Dispensary three

times a week visiting villages in the district.

(5) Reconnaissance and propaganda.

(6) Spleen surveys.

(7) Periodical visits to Police Stations.

541. The Staff for the New Territories included:

1 European M.O. resident in Kowloon.

1 Chinese M.O., 1 dresser and 1 nurse-inidwife resident at the Government Dispensary at Un Long.

1 Chinese M.O., 1 dresser and 2 nurse-midwives

resident at the Government Dispensary at Taipo.

1 First grade dresser attached to the Travelling Dis-

pensary.

2 Nurse-midwives at Lady Ho Tung Welfare Centre,

Ku Tung.

1 Nurse-midwife at Sai Kung.

2 Nurse-midwives at Sham Tseng.

1 Nurse-midwife at Tai-0.

1 Charge dresser at Pat Heung construction works.

542. The Shing Mun Dam area, where 2,000 workers were engaged on large construction works, continued to be a special medical problem being under the Medical Officer New Terri- tories for medical work and the Malariologist for anti-malaria

measures.

543. The special staff for the Shing Mun Dam area ́ in- cluded:

1 Chinese Medical Officer and two dressers for medical

work.

1 Chinese Medical Officer and two anti-malaria inspec-

tors for anti-analaria works.

M 110

544. Fully equipped dispensaries were maintained at Sham Tseng, Un Long, Ko Tung, Tai Po. Sai Kung and Tai-O.

545. Dr. G. H. Henry was the Medical Offier in charge of the New Territories throughout the year.

The Government Travelling Dispensary.

546. The Government Motor Travelling Dispensary was put on the road on the 16th of June, 1932. At first it visited all the villages on the road side once or twice a week, later, on representations from the voluntary aid societies, it ceased to call at the villages where they had established centres. The useful- ness of this well equipped dispensary was thus considerably curtailed for the societies established centres in all the principal villages easy of access and there remained only the smaller hamlets. A Medical Officer and a dresser accompanied it on its rounds. There was a fixed itinerary and time-table so that the people should know where and when to expect it.

547. On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays it visited the Western District from San Tin to Shing Mun inclusive. On Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays it visited the Eastern District from Sha Tin to Sha Tau Kok and back to San Tin inclusive. In this way there was a minimum of mileage and overlapping and a maximum of hours of work in the villages.

548. The following table shows the results obtained:-

1934. 1935.

1936.

New cases

5,526

5,542 6,780

Old cases

2,753

1,900 2,296

Malarial cases

636

865

1,252

Vaccinations

1,644

1,271

549. Total miles travelled 14,820.

Sham Tseng Dispensary.

550. This dispensary, which had been built by Mr. Ruttonjee and presented to the Government, was formally opened on January 30th, 1934.

551. The resident staff consists of two nurse-midwives and an amah.

552. The Chinese M.O. of the New Territories (West) visits the Dispensary three times a week on his rounds with the Travelling Dispensary.

-

M 111

553. The following is a summary of the cases dealt with at the dispensary:-

1934. 1935. 1936.

New cases

1,549

1,631 1,516

Old cases

1,988

3,117

2,645

Vaccinations

123

271

135

Maternity cases

21

32

29

Malaria cases

390

Un Long Dispensary.

554. This unit consists of three shop houses side by side. Ultimately it will afford accommodation for a dispensary, an infant welfare clinic, a maternity ward and quarters for the staff. At present the quarters intended for the infant welfare centre and the maternity ward are utilised as a garage for the travelling dispensary and quarters for the dresser and driver.

555. The resident staff consists of the Chinese Medical Officer, one midwife and a dresser.

556. The following table shows the cases dealt with:

1934. 1935. 1936.

New cases

4,130

5,174 5,630

Old cases

3,998

4,722 4,909

Vaccinations

1,417

1,343 1,243

Maternity cases

202

187

.218

Malaria cases

415

Lady Ho Tung Welfare Centre, Ko Tung.

557. This Centre was opened on the 14th of May, 1934. The staff consists of two nurse-inidwives, an amah and a coolie. Lady Ho Tung also supplies a watchman. A daily visit is made by one of the District Medical Officers before he starts his round with the Travelling Dispensary.

558. Being situated in the open some distance from the nearest village a bus has been provided for the transport of cases.

M 112

559. The following are the cases dealt with during the year

at the Centre:-

1934. 1935. 1936.

New cases

1,323

3,067

3,599

Old cases

2,101

4,029

2,488

Maternity cases

33

139

120

Vaccinations

406

799

Malaria cases

340

The Taipo Dispensary.

560. This unit consists of a dispensary, an infant welfare centre, and a maternity ward.

561. The resident staff consists of the Chinese Medical Officer, two nurse-midwives and a dresser.

562. The midwifery ward of five beds was opened in June 1935, and has proved to be very popular. From its opening until the end of the year 237 cases were delivered. Many of the cases come from the boat population to whom it makes a special appeal. Contrary to expectations it has not caused any appreciable diminution in the number of midwifery cases treated in their own houses.

563. The following table shows the year's work compared with that of previous year:—

1934. 1935. 1936.

New cases

Old cases

5,581

5,874

6,682

9,220 10,069 10,178

Vaccinations

2,538

2,062 2,120

Maternity cases (ext.)

116

112

116

Maternity cases (int.)

85

237

Malaria cases

832

Sai Kung Dispensary.

It con-

564. In August 1984 a Government Dispensary was opened in Sai Kung, staffed by a nurse-midwife and an amah. sists of the lower floor of a two-storey building near the centre of the village, the front part being the waiting-room and examination room combined, and the back portion being the nurse's and amah's quarters.

M 113

565. Sai Kung is a very difficult village to reach, and the journey occupies the Medical Officer's whole day. It is visited once a week by a Chinese Medical Officer.

566. The following is a summary of the work at the dis- pensary since it was opened:-

1934. 1935.

1936.

New cases

961

2,206

1,867

Old cases

1,333

8.127

1,672

Vaccinations

64

645

642

Maternity cases

40

119

79

Malaria cases

641

The Tai-0 Dispensary.

567. A Government dispensary was opened on 14.8.34 at the fishing village of Tai-0, situated at the West end of the Island of Lantau. A resident nurse-inidwife was placed in charge.

568. Once a week the Chinese Medical Officer from Un Long visited and prescribed. Some of his patients come from distant villages.

569. The following is a summary of the work done during the years 1934, 1935 & 1936.

1934.

1935. 1936.

New cases

1,614

3.405 3,192

Old cases

1,015

2,985 2,993

Vaccinations

684

451

1.243

Maternity cases

41

92

118

Malaria cases

312

M

M 114.

Shing Mun Dam Construction Works.

(Jubilee Reservoir).

570. The general health of the labour force employed on the construction of the Dam is shown in the following tables:-

(a) Monthly Sickness Rate Table.

1934

1935

1936

Percentage

Percentage

Percentage

Month.

Popula-

off duty

Popula-

off duty

Popula-

tion

owing to

tion

owing to

tion

off duty owing to

sickness

sickness

sickness

January

797

4,5

1,884

1.5

2,064

2.8

February

1,074

2.9

1,949

1.7

2,028

2.9

March

1,120

3,6

1,891

2.0

1,970

2.9

April

959

3.4

1,988

2.3

2,006

2.9

May

1,002

2.4

1,955

2.4

2,049

2.9

June

891

2.7

2,037

3.3

1,989

3.0

July

1,016

4.0

2,011

3.3

1,914

3.3

August

1,192

3.9

1,895

3.6

1,480

2.7

September

1,761

3.8

2,013

3.8

1,096

3.0

October

1,893

3,2

2,159

3.6

894

3.8

November

1,921

2.7

2,160

3.5

994

3.8

December

1,816

2.4

2,066

3.3

960

2.9

(b) Analysis of the Shing Mun Hospital Returns for 1936.

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

No. of malaria

cases

Cases other than

inalaria Deaths froin

44 43 23 12 24 39 49 35 34 64 105

37 509

340 357 365 341 400 325 425 257 250 227 221 1123,620

October

November

December

Total

malaria

Deaths from

olher causes

3

Admitted to

S.M. Hospital....

Admitted to

other hospitals. Per cent ratio

of malaria to total disease Per cent ratio of

malaria to the popula-

total tion

03

3

J

ස

73 71 64 42 60

9 3

~

-

10

1

1

1 11 3

9

1

2 1

2

28

56.

85

40 38 39 53 31

652

C13

3 3

2

45

12.9 12 6.3 3.5 6.0 12.0 11.5 13.6 13.6 28.1 47.5 33

2.1 2.1 1.1 0.6 1.1 1.9 2.5 2.3 3.1 7.1 10.5 3.8

M 115

www

Pat Heung Construction Works.

571. The Medical Department in co-operation with the engineering authorities engaged in construction works at Pat Heung took steps to safeguard the health of the labour forces. employed on the works.

572. Anti-malaria measures including mosquito surveys, mosquito proofing, draining, oiling, and the training of water courses were carried out under the advice of and under the supervision of the staff of the Malaria Bureau.

573. The treatment of the sick was the concern of the staff under the direction of the Medical Officer New Territories. A small field dispensary was constructed and equipped and placed in charge of a resident dresser. Three times a week the Chinese Medical Officer visited from Un Long.

574. At first the number of malaria cases caused consider- able anxiety. As time went on and the situation became more and more under control the incidence of malaria decreased and the health of the labour force improved. A scheme to free and keep free of mosquito breeding an area extending to half a mile. of the residential area is under consideration. If this scheme be put into operation there should be little trouble from malaria.

575. The following shows the number of cases treated at the dispensary since its opening on the 25th of September.

New cases Old cases

Malaria cases

787

634

194

New Territories Police Stations.

576. These have been inspected periodically by the M.O. i./c. Kowloon and New Territories, and, in addition the A.M.Os. visit them once a month.

an

577. Many of the Police Stations are screened and every man is provided with a mosquito net. Prophylactic quinine ist issued and the living rooms are regularly sprayed with insecticide in an endeavour to kill any adult mosquitoes which may be present. The men on night patrol are of course exposed to the bites of mosquitoes. A table showing the incidence of malaria amongst the whole police force will be found in Appendix B.

578. During the past year Totaquine has been used pro- phylactically at the Police Stations in the New Territories.

A. R. WELLINGTON,

19th April, 1937.

D. M. S.

M 116

APPENDIX A.

GOVERNMENT BACTERIOLOGICAL

INSTITUTE.

Report for the year 1936.

BY A. V. GREAVES, M.B., (TOR.), M.C.P. & S., (Ont.), D.T.M., (Liverpool).

Introductory.

(1) Administrative.-There is nothing of interest to record under this heading for the period under review.

(2) Buildings and Equipment.-(a) No additions or altera- tions to the Laboratory buildings were carried out.

(b) No additions to the permanent equipment were made during the year.

(3) Library. The following books were added to the library:-

1. Surgical Pathology of the Mammary Gland, A. F.

Hertzler, 1933.

2. Cytological Technique, Jno. R. Baker, 1933.

3. Modern Criminal Investigation, Soderman and

O'Connel, 1936.

4. Bacteriology of Typhoid, Salmonella, and Dysentery

Infection and Carrier States, L. C. Havens, 1936.

5. How to Stain the Nervous System, J. Anderson,

1929.

(4) Research. (a) Dysentery: Some work was done on a group of inagglutinable strains of B. dysenteriae Flexner, col- lected during the past two years, in an effort to identify them with those strains isolated in India of which the antigenic pattern has been definitely established. Comparison was made possible through the kindness of Lieut. Colonel R. F. Bridges, R.A.M.C., Officer-in-Charge, Enteric Laboratory, Kasauli, who has kindly furnished us with the type cultures and anti-sera of the eight strains, forming Boyd's sub-groups A and B. Colonel Bridges also was most helpful in giving us his experience of the pecu- larities of each strain. Rather disappointingly it was found that none of our strains were agglutinated by any of the anti-sera of

M 117

the Indian organisms, and we can only conclude that the un- agglutinable strains of the Flexner group in Hong Kong de not conform to any of those identified in India. We are exchanging our cultures with Colonel Bridges in order that he may perhaps throw some further light on the subject.

(b) Typhoid: A study was commenced during the latter part of the year in order to get some idea of the titre of agglu- tinins against B. typhosus existing in the average hospital population in Hong Kong as measured by the serological reaction to the "O" and "H" antigens in use for the Widal test per- formed at the Institute. The cases chosen are patients attending the Venereal Diseases Clinics, who may reasonably be supposed to be free of active infection with the organism. far as we have gone it appears that immune bodies, either natural or acquired only exist in very small quantities in the sera of this group as measured by our antigens. The study will be continued in the coming year.

So

(5) General.—It becomes tedious year after year to record in this report continued increase in work performed, yet it is a fact which is assuming greater and greater import yearly, involving as it is bound to do questions of an

an administrative

nature.

The summary of tests carried out this year shows a total figure of 39,134, as against 27,463 in 1935, an increase in a single year of over 40%. Careful scrutiny of the suminary at the end of the report shows that the increase is not contributed by any single test but is generally distributed throughout the list, and reflects the all round increased use which is being made of the diagnostic service of the Institute by the medical officers of the Department. Up to the present time this growth has been welcomed as a healthy sign and a reflection of good work, but it is felt that our machinery is becoming inadequate for any further load and a halt must be called in expansion. It is almost impossible to consider an increase in personnel, as there is no room for further workers in our present quarters. The only conclusion which can be reached is that either fresh quarters must be provided for the Institute or a halt called in the con- tinued expansion of our activities. The latter course is most abhorrent to the writer but there seems practically no hope of any other solution.

Another point on which it seems necessary to comment is the cost of running the Institute. In spite of the enormous annual increase in the amount of work performed our annual estimates have been consistently curtailed for the past three years, so that even with the rigid economy practised it is felt that our work must be either curtailed or our allowance for materials increased. The reserve stocks now carried are at a danger point below which we simply cannot go.

M 118

The work of the staff is as usual highly satisfactory.

A.

PROTOZOOLOGY AND HELMINTHOLOGY.

(1) Blood films for maluria.-Eight thousand four hundred and eighty-one films were examined for the presence of malarial parasites. Of this total four thousand and ninety-two were positive-roughly about half. It seemed of interest to determine the exact type distribution of these infections month by month in order to see how great an influence is exerted by season on the prevailing type. In examining the table no particular statistical value should be attached to the actual totals from month to month but only to the percentage relation of the different types to one another in the same month, and the relative percentage of types contrasted with other months. It is highly interesting to note the incidence of quartan infection. An abrupt rise occurs in the month of January and the rise steepens to a maximum of 53% of all infections in March; thereafter there is a gradual fall through April and May until June, in which month the fall is more rapid, to drop still more abruptly in July to 2.88%, which appears to be practically the basic rate which prevails for the rest of the year. It is thus essentially an infection of our winter months. Coinciding with the peak of the incidence of quartan in March we find remarkable drop in the incidence of sub-tertian infection to 9.85%, to go still lower in April to 4.22%. This drop is the more striking when it is observed that the average comparative incidence of sub-tertian for the whole

year is 52.41%.

а

The curve of incidence of simple tertian infection is more smooth than either quartan or sub-tertian.

Month.

Simple tertian

Sub-tertian Quartan

Total

January

28.25% (19) 55.22%

(37) 16.41% (11)

67

February

March

27.14% (19) 34.28%

36.61% (26) 9.85%

(24) 38.57%

(27)

70

(7) 53.52%

(38)

71

April

53.52% (38) 4.22%

(3) 42.25%

(30)

71

May

44.00% (33) 29.33%

(22) 26.66%

(20)

75

June

61.66% (74) 25.83% (31) 12.50%

(15)

120

July

August

52.17% (180) 44.92% (155) 2.88% (10)

345

September

October

November

December

48.32% (259) 49.62% (266) 2.05% (11)

40.12% (126) 56.05% (176) 3.82% (12)

38.13% (233) 57.44% (351)

536

314

4.41% (27)

611

35.78% (384) 60.57% (650)

3.63% (39)

1,073

38.97% (288) 57.23% (423)

3.78% (28)|

739

Total cases

1,679

2,145

268

4,092

M 119

EXAMINATION OF BLOOD FILMS FOR MALARIA.

Parasites

European Indian Chinese

Total

Sub-tertian

48

138

1,959

2,145

Simple tertian

49

99

1,531

1,679

Quartan

2

264

268

Unclassified

11

29

598

638

Double Infection

1

2

96

99

Negative

417

330

2,905

3,652

Grand total

528

600

7,353

8,481

(2) Filaria.-Forty-one blood films were specifically examin- ed for filarial embryos-nineteen were positive.

(3) Faeces. One thousand nine hundred and nineteen specimens of faeces were examined for the presence of intestinal ova and the exudate of bacillary dysentery.

EXAMINATION OF STOOLS FOR INTESTINAL PARASITES.

European Indian Chinese

Total

Ascaris

42

25

73

140

Clonorchis

10

5

1

79

85

Trichuris

21

4

29

54

Ankylostoma

3

Taenia

1

རེ།

22

33

1

Fasciolopsis buskii..

Multiple infestation.

2

5

85

92

E. histolytica

7

9

9

25

Negative

783

175

529

1,487

Grand total

864

227

828

1,919

M 120

B. SEROLOGY,

(1) Serological Reactions for Syphilis.-Sixteen thousand eight hundred and forty-one sera were tested. The results are shown in the table.

EXAMINATION OF BLOOD SERA FOR SYPHILIS.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

Total

M.

F. M.

F. M.

F.

Strong positive..;

58

1 112

2,308 1,063 3,542

Positive

7

1

50

:

680

384 | 1,122

Weak positive.....

Doubtful

225

3

101

675

321 1,122

107

744 281 1,158

Negative

277

28 667

2 4,243 4,680 9,897

Grand total 389

34 1,037

28,650 6,729 16,841

(2) Agglutination tests.-One thousand four hundred and forty-five sera were examined for agglutinins against various organisms as follows:-

AGGLUTINATION TESTS.

European

Indian

Chinese

Organisms

Total

Pos. Neg.

Doubt- ful

Pos. Neg.

Doubt- ful

Pos. Neg.

Doubt-

ful

B. Typhosus

39

98

13

16

B. Para A

3: 134

13

3 3

318 789

75

B.

B

1 136

13

22

20

101097

75

20

41103

75 1435

17

Enteric fever type

undetermined

B. Dysenteriae

10

71:

B. Melitensis

B. Abortus

Weil Felix reaction.

1

1

1

7

Grand total

53 372

39

56

403 2995)

225

1445

M 121

C. BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS.

(1) Faeces. Eight hundred and twenty-four cultural examinations were made of stools.

The high proportion of positive cultures of B. dysenteriae shiga as compared with other years, is due to the small explosive outbreak of dysentery of this type which occurred in the latter part of the year. The figures otherwise do not call for comment.

STOOLS EXAMINED FOR ORGANISMS.

European

Indian

Chinese

Organisms

Total.

Pos.

Neg. Pos. Neg. Pos.

Neg.

18

3

7 162

194

158

15

2

:

23

1

:

B. typhosus

B. dysenteriae

22

"

2"

(Group)...

:

(Flexner). 35

(Shiga)

(Schmitz).

cholerae

1

:

79

7

రా

292

465

116

:

31

14

3

4

Grand total ...

67 177

3

18 102 457 824

(2) Sputum.-Seven hundred and eighty-five sputa were examined for b. tuberculosis.

SPUTA EXAMINED FOR TUBERCULOSIS.

European Indian Chinese

Total

Positive

11

18

164

193

Negative

115

75

402

592

Grand total

126

93

566

785

M 122

(3) Urine.-Routine chemical and microscopic examination was made on five hundred and fifty-five urines.

(4) Urethral and cervical smears.-One thousand three hundred and fifty-one urethral and cervical smears were examined, chiefly for the presence of the gonococcus.

(5) Nasal scrapings, etc. One hundred and fifty-three examinations were made of scrapings for the presence of b. leprae. Fifty-two were positive.

(6) Throat swabs.-Two thousand and fifty-eight throat swabs were cultured for the presence of C. diptheriae. This number is about 75% greater than in 1935 and about 200% greater than in 1934. This increase is in part accounted for by the fact that all contacts are swabbed as far as possible now. Nevertheless the number of positive results is greatly in excess of the previous year.

THROAT SWABS EXAMINED FOR DIPHTHERIA,

European Indian Chinese

Total

Positive

91

4

312

407

Negative

436

23

1,192

1,651

Grand total

527

27

1,504

2,058

(7) Cerebro-spinal fluid.-Two hundred and eighty-one fluids were cultured for organisms; seventy-four of these showed the presence of the meningococcus. This compares with eighty positives recorded in 1935.

C.S.F. EXAMINED FOR MENINGOCOCCI.

European Indian Chinese Total

Positive

Negative

74

74

12

3

192

281

Grand total

12

3

266

207

M 123

(8) Friedmann test for pregnancy.-Five Friedmann tests were carried out. Of these three were positive.

(9) Miscellaneous materials.— Two

hundred and ninety- seven miscellaneous examinations were carried out; they call for no comment.

D. PREPARATION OF VACCINE LYMPH.

Our preparation of lymph was again on a rather modest scale this year as our stocks were still a little higher than seemed advisable. The issue was slightly lower than usual.

We expect to resume preparation on a larger scale again next year.

Amount of lymph prepared

11

""

6,537 c.c.

issued

11,113

in stock at end

of year

13,063

E.

PREPARATION OF VACCINES and Sera.

(1) Antimeningococcus serum. The amount of serum issued this year was 10,820 c.c., a fairly large amount considering that no epidemic existed in the Colony. Preparation proceeded as. usual, 22,850 c.c. being added to stock. Amount in stock at the end of the year totalled 41,450 c.c.

(2) Gonococcus vaccine.-The amount prepared and issued was 9,190 c.c. This is almost as much again as we issued last

The Venereal Clinic appears

use it in increasing

year.

quantity year by year.

Total amount issued

to

1000 million per c.c.

100

""

""

""

9,190 c.c.

5,550 c.c.

3,640

22

(3) Anti-rabic vaccine.-Activity in this department was no more than may be considered normal. Only nineteen animal brains were examined and of these only three proved to be positive. All of the positive cases were from points outside the Colony. As foreshadowed in our last Report the scheme of treatment now in use calls for the administration of 2% brain substance to Class I and Class II cases and of 4% to Class III and IV. No instances of untoward reactions have come to our notice.

M 124

Race incidence of cases

Treatment not completed

Treatment completed

Total

Chinese

151

54

205

British

18

15

33

Portuguese

2

4

6

Japanese

3

0

3

Indian

2

1

Filipino

2

1

3

Swiss

1

0

1

Eurasian

1

0

1

Australian

1

0

1

Siamese

0

1

1

Unknown (outport

cases)

Grand total

18

18

181

94

275

Total No. of doses issued

2,577

(4) Autogenous vaccines.—Forty-nine autogenous vaccines were prepared.

The appended table shows the amount of vaccines and serum issued during the year.

Vaccine & Serum

Gonococcus vaccine

г. A. B.

Cholera

Autogenous

Amount issued.

9,190 c.c.

870 ""

120

22

49 vaccines

Anti-meningococcus serum

10,820 c.c.

F.

M 125

EXAMINATION OF WATER AND MILK.

(1) Bacteriological analysis of water.-One thousand four hundred and eighty-four samples of water from various sources, chiefly public supplies, were examined during the year.

The results do not call for comment.

Unfiltered raw water

Filtered

وو

107

115

Filtered and chlorinated water fron

service taps throughout the Colony. 1,167

Well water

7

Water from other than public supplies...

88

Total

1,484

(2) Bacteriological analysis of milk.-Forty samples of milk were bacteriologically examined; one of these was from a human

source.

During the latter part of the year routine examinations were instituted of the milk of one important dairy of the Colony. It is proposed to perform these twice weekly.

G. MEDICO-LEGAL INVESTIGATIONS.

Forty-six investigations were carried out on materials furnished by the Police Department. Forty-two involved the identification of blood stains, three of semen and one of saliva. This work takes up more and more of our time and attention as time goes on. Particularly is this true of work on blood stains. The newer knowledge of the individuality of blood has opened up avenues of investigation which are of great medico legal interest, and the police are now asking for information along these lines. This involves very onerous and painstaking work of a highly technical and difficult nature. We are glad to ac- knowledge the great assistance in the way of advice on technical points of procedure given us by Prof. Ride of the Department of Physiology of the University of Hong Kong. Prof. Ride's work on genetics is too well known to require any detailed mention.

H. MORBID HISTOLOGY.

Two hundred and ninety-six tissue sections were prepared and reported upon. Forty-one of these were of malignant tumours, twenty-five of benign tumours and the remainder of general pathological interest.

M 126 -

ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL AND OTHER EXAMINATIONS.

Nature of examination

Total

Tota