Administrative Reports - 1935

ADMINISTRATIVE REPORTS FOR THE YEAR 1935

Table of Contents

1 Geography, including Climate and History

2 Government

3 Population and Births and Deaths

4 Public Health

5 Housing

6 Production

7 Commerce

8 Wages and the Cost of Living

9 Education and Welfare institutions

10 Communication and Transport

11 Banking, Currency, Weights and Measures

12 Public Works

13 Justice and Police

14 Legislation

15 Public Finance and Taxation

A Financial Returns

A(1) Finances (Missing)

A(2) Audit office

B Assessment

C Secretariat for Chinese affairs

D Harbour office

E Imports and Exports office

F Royal Observatory

G Supreme Court

G(1) Registrar of Trade Marks

H Police Magistrates' Courts

I Land office

J New Territories

K Police and Fire Brigade

L Prisons

M Medical and Sanitary

M(1) Sanitary

N Botanical and forestry

O Education

P Volunteer Corps (Not Published)

Q Public Works

R Post office

S Railway

 

Chapter I.

GEOGRAPHY, INCLUDING CLIMATE AND HISTORY.

The Colony of Hong Kong is situated off the south-eastern coast of China between latitude 22° 9′ and 22° 17′ N. and longitude 114° 5′ and 114° 18′ E. The island is about eleven miles long and two to five miles in breadth, its circumference being about 27 miles and its area 32 square miles. It consists of an irregular ridge of lofty hills rising to a height of nearly 2,000 feet above sea level, stretching nearly east and west, with few valleys of any extent and little ground available for cultiva- tion.

2. The island of Hong Kong was ceded to Great Britain in January, 1841, the cession being confirmed by the Treaty of Nanking in August, 1842. The charter bears the date of 5th April, 1843. The Kowloon peninsula and Stonecutter's Island were ceded to Great Britain under the Convention, signed at Peking in October, 1860, and under the Convention signed at Peking in July, 1898, the area known as the New Territories including Mirs Bay and Deep Bay was leased to Great Britain by the Government of China for 99 years. The total area of the Colony including the New Territories is about 390 square miles.

3. The importance of Hong Kong has grown with the increase of China's trade with foreign countries. It is now in respect of tonnage entered and cleared one of the largest ports in the world. It is the most convenient outlet for the produce of South China as well as for the incessant flow of Chinese emigration to the Netherlands East Indies, Malaya and else- where. It is also the natural distributing centre for imports into China from abroad.

4. The Colony is not primarily a manufacturing centre, the most important of its industries being those connected directly or indirectly with shipping, such as dock and warehouse, banking and insurance undertakings. Sugar refining and cement manu- facture are also major industries, and in recent years considerable quantities of knitted goods, electric torches and batteries, and rubber shoes have been produced and exported.

5. The climate of Hong Kong is sub-tropical, the winter being normally cool and dry and the summer hot and humid; the seasons are marked by the prevalence of the S.W.. monsoon in summer and the N.E. monsoon in winter. The temperature seldom rises above 95° F. or falls below 40°. F.

The average rainfall is 85.16 inches, May to September being the wettest months. In spring and summer the humidity of the atmosphere. is often very high, at times exceeding 95% with an average over the whole year of 79%. The typhoon seasoon may be said to last from June to October though typhoons occasionally occur before and after this period.

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6. The rainfall for 1935 was 71.32 inches. The mean tem perature of the air was 72.4° against an average of 71.9°. The maximum gust velocity of the wind was at the rate of 63 m.p.h. from E.N.E. on October 7th.

7. The Colony's celebrations on the occasion of the Silver Jubilee of the reign of His late Majesty King George V were held in May 6th, 7th and 8th and were marked by demonstrations of enthusiasm and loyalty on the part of all sections of the com- munity. Among the features of the celebrations were dragon and lantern processions organised by the Chinese community. It is estimated that about 200,000 persons, mostly from the neigh- bouring districts in China, visited the Colony for the purpose of witnessing or taking part in the festivities.

8. By the end of August 1935 the Shing Mun Dam was in a position to store 500 million gallons of water, and on September 2nd, Sir Thomas Southorn, K.B.E., C.M.G., then Officer Administering the Government, inaugurated the

the im- pounding of water in the reservoir at a brief ceremony.

9. Mr. N. L. Smith, then Officer Administering the Govern- ment, officially opened the new Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank building on 10th October, 1935.

This imposing building consists of a central tower of fourteen storeys, 217 feet in height, and a main block of seven storeys, 103 feet in height.

10. The Commission appointed in 1934 under the Chairman- ship of Mr. M. J. Breen "to enquire into the causes and make recommendations for the amelioration of the existing position and for the improvement of the trade of the Colony" presented its report on 16th February 1935. The report was published on 18th April, 1935, as Sessional Paper No. 3 of 1935.

11. His Excellency Sir Andrew Caldecott, Kt., C.M.G., C.B.E., arrived in the Colony on 12th December, 1935, to assume office as Governor and Commander-in-Chief in succession to Sir William Peel, K.C.M.G., K.B.E., who left the Colony on 17th May, 1935, and retired on 2nd December.

12. His Excellency Major-General A. W. Bartholomew, C.B., C.M.G., C.B.E., D.S.O., arrived in the Colony on 12th December, 1935, to assume command of the British troops in China in succession to Lieut.-General O. C. Borrett, C.B., C.M.G., C.B.E., D.S.O.

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13. Among the Honours conferred by His Majesty during the course of the year were:

Knight Bachelor, Sir Atholl MacGregor, K.C.

C.B.E., The Hon. Dr. Ts'o Seen Wan.

O.B.E., (Civil Division), Lady Southorn, The Hon. Mr. J. P.

Braga, Mr. J. W. Franks.

O.B.E., (Military Division), Lieut.-Col. G. D. R. Black,

M.D.

M.B.E., Mr. J. L. MacPherson.

I.S.O., Mr. A. M. de Sousa.

Chapter II.

GOVERNMENT.

The Government is administered under Letters Patent of 14th February, 1917, and Royal Instructions of the same and subsequent dates, by a Governor aided by an Executive Council, composed of six official and three unofficial members, and by a Legislative Council composed of nine official and eight unofficial members. Prior to 1928 the numbers of the Legislative Council members were seven and six respectively. The six official mem- bers of the Executive Council are the Senior Military Officer, the Colonial Secretary, the Attorney General, the Secretary for Chinese Affairs, the Colonial Treasurer, all of whom are members ex-officio, and the Director of Public Works, appointed by the Governor. The three unofficial members, one of whom is Chinese, are appointed by the Governor. The six official mem- bers of the Executive Council are also members of the Legislative Council; the other three official members of this Council, who are appointed by the Governor, are the Inspector General of Police, the Harbour Master, and the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services. Of the unofficial members of the Legislative Council two are appointed by the Governor on the nomination respectively of the Justices of the Peace and of the Chamber of Commerce; the Governor also appoints the remaining members three of whom are. Chinese. Appointment in the case of unofficial mem- bers is for five years for the Executive and four years for the Legislative Council.

2. The Sanitary Board composed of four official and six unofficial members had up to the end of 1935, when its place was taken by the Urban Council (Vide chap. xiv, para. 3) power to make by-laws under the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance in matters appertaining to public health, subject to an overriding power in the Legislative Council.

3. There are a number of advisory boards and committees, such as the Board of Education, Harbour Advisory Committee, Labour Advisory Board, etc., composed of both official and unofficial members. They are frequently consulted and are of much assistance to the Government.

4. The English Common Law forms the basis of the legal system, modified by Hong Kong Ordinances of which an edition revised to 1923 has been published. The law as to civil procedure was codified by Ordinance No. 3 of 1901. The Colonial Courts of Admiralty Act 1890 regulates the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in Admiralty cases:

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5. The daily administration is carried out by the twenty- eight Government departments, all officers of

of which members of the Civil Service. The most important of the purely administrative departments are the Secretariat, Treasury, Secretariat for Chinese Affairs, Post Office, Harbour, and the Imports and Exports, Police, and Prisons departments. There are seven legal departments, including the Supreme Court and the Magistracies. Two departments, Medical and Sanitary, deal with public health; one, Education, with education; and one, the largest of all the Government departments, Public Works, is concerned with roads, buildings, waterworks, piers and analogous matters.

6. There have been no changes in the system of Government in the year under review.

Chapter III.

POPULATION AND BIRTHS AND DEATHS.

Variation in population in Hong Kong is more dependent on immigration and emigration than on births and deaths. Move- ments to and from the Colony are influenced by events in China and owing to the large numbers who come and go daily it is impossible to give more than a very rough estimate of the actual population, except during census years.

2. The following table shows the estimated population for the Colony for the middle of 1935.

Non-Chinese (mostly resident in Victoria and Kowloon)

Chinese in Victoria

Chinese in Hong Kong Villages

Chinese in Kowloon and New Kowloon

Chinese in junks and sampans

Chinese in New Territories

Total.....

21,370

377,659

48,832

314,204

100,000

104,276

966,341

:

3. There are a number of advisory boards and committees, such as the Board of Education, Harbour Advisory Committee, Labour Advisory Board, etc., composed of both official and unofficial members. They are frequently consulted and are of much assistance to the Government.

4. The English Common Law forms the basis of the legal system, modified by Hong Kong Ordinances of which an edition revised to 1923 has been published. The law as to civil procedure was codified by Ordinance No. 3 of 1901. The Colonial Courts of Admiralty Act 1890 regulates the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in Admiralty cases:

are

5. The daily administration is carried out by the twenty- eight Government departments, all officers of

of which members of the Civil Service. The most important of the purely administrative departments are the Secretariat, Treasury, Secretariat for Chinese Affairs, Post Office, Harbour, and the Imports and Exports, Police, and Prisons departments. There are seven legal departments, including the Supreme Court and the Magistracies. Two departments, Medical and Sanitary, deal with public health; one, Education, with education; and one, the largest of all the Government departments, Public Works, is concerned with roads, buildings, waterworks, piers and analogous matters.

6. There have been no changes in the system of Government in the year under review.

Chapter III.

POPULATION AND BIRTHS AND DEATHS.

Variation in population in Hong Kong is more dependent on immigration and emigration than on births and deaths. Move- ments to and from the Colony are influenced by events in China and owing to the large numbers who come and go daily it is impossible to give more than a very rough estimate of the actual population, except during census years.

2. The following table shows the estimated population for the Colony for the middle of 1935.

Non-Chinese (mostly resident in Victoria and Kowloon)

Chinese in Victoria

Chinese in Hong Kong Villages

Chinese in Kowloon and New Kowloon

Chinese in junks and sampans

Chinese in New Territories

Total.....

21,370

377,659

48,832

314,204

100,000

104,276

966,341

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3. During the year 3,347,473 persons entered and 3,412,020 persons left the Colony, making a daily average of 9,171 arrivals and 9,348 departures. The daily average for 1934 was arrivals and 7,702 departures.

was 7,641

4. Since 1932 registration of Births and Deaths in the New Territories has been more and more fully enforced. The intro- duction of the new Births and Deaths Ordinance in the latter half of 1934 by improving facilities for registration on the one hand and checking on the other brought about an appreciable increase in registrations. This was particularly noticeable in the New Territories where the births registered were 3,810 as com- pared to 587 in 1932.

5. The number of births registered was:

Chinese

Non-Chinese

Total

1934

20,424

1935 24,510

462

527

20,886

25,037

6. The deaths registered among the civil population number 22,133 giving a crude death rate of 22.90 per mille as compared with 20.93 for the previous year.

Non-Chinese

Chinese

Deaths.

Estimated

Death rate per

Population.

mille population.

220

21,913

21,370

10.25

944,971

23.19

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There were 26 deaths among H.M. Forces during the year.

7. The number of deaths of infants under one year was Chinese 7,754, Non-Chinese 30. If the figures for Chinese births represented the total births, which they do not, the infantile mortality figure for the Chinese would be 316.36 as compared with 347.34 in the previous year. The infantile mortality figure among non-Chinese was 56.92 as compared with 49.78 in 1934.

Chapter IV.

PUBLIC HEALTH.

In the absence of some general system of registration of sickness, the only sources of information available for gauging the state of the public health in this Colony are the returns

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relating to deaths, the notifications of infectious diseases and the records of Government and Chinese hospitals. Judging from the death returns the health of the Colony was not quite so good as that of the previous year. The crude death rate was 22.90 per mille as compared with 20.93 for 1934.

2. Respiratory diseases accounted for 41.62 per cent of the total deaths, the percentage for 1934 was 39.97. The principal diseases causing death were broncho-pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchitis, infantile diarrhoea and diarrhoea. The overcrowded houses, the expectorating habits of the people, and poverty furnish sufficient explanation for the prevalence respiratory troubles.

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3. Pulmonary Tuberculosis. This disease continues to rank second to broncho-pneumonia as the principal cause of death. It is probable that some of the cases of the latter were of tuber- culous origin. The total number of deaths was 2,237; that for 1934 was 2,179. The death rate per mille was the same as for the previous year i.e. 2.31.

4. There is need for more hospital or infirmary accommoda- tion for tuberculosis patients, especially for those of the poorer classes.

5. Malaria. Owing to efficient drainage methods this disease has disappeared from the greater part of the urban districts. It still persists, however, in the suburbs and in the rural areas. There are parts of the New Territories where the spleen rate is as high as 41 per cent.

6. Malaria not being a notifiable disease the incidence figures are unknown. The cases admitted to the Government Hospitals numbered 577 as compared to 457 in the previous year. The percentage of deaths to cases admitted was 0.86%. Among the Chinese Hospitals there were 811 admissions with a case mortality rate of 19.35 per cent.

7. The total number of deaths attributed to this disease was 400, giving a death rate of 0.41 per mille over the whole popula- tion. The low death rate is, of course, due to the fact that the great bulk of the population residing in the drained urban area is not subject to risks of infection. If figures for local districts were available it would be found that in some areas the incidence and death rates were very considerable.

8. During the year the Malaria Bureaù continued its investigations into the life history, habits and carry powers of the local anophelines. The results obtained were both interesting and instructive. As in previous years there was no obstruction from the local Chinese, on the contrary they took an interest in the proceedings and showed their eagerness to be of assistance. The Chinese Inspectors have shown ability and zeal.

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9. The Bureau co-operated with the military authorities, the Royal Air Force, the Sanitary Department, the Public Works Department and the construction engineers at the Shing Mun Dam.

The cause of the swarms of mosquitoes which each spring made the lives of the Peak residents a burden was discovered and dealt with resulting in a complete disappearance of the nuisance.

At the Shing Mun Dam construction works where more than 2,000 labourers were employed the casualty rate from malaria continued to remain at a very low figure. The daily average percentage of workers off duty from sickness was less than five.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES.

10. During the year there were reported 61 cases of small- pox, 110 cases of cerebro-spinal fever, 266 cases of diphtheria and 319 cases of enteric. There were no cholera cases.

11. Smallpox.-Every year in the cold season this disease manifests itself in outbreaks which are sometimes sporadic, some- times epidemic. Whatever the prevalence there is always a tendency for the morbidity rate to decline or disappear with the advent of summer. In the year under review there were 61 cases and 44 deaths as compared with 153 and 104 respectively in 1934. 18 cases only were treated in hospital; the remainder did not come under the notice of the authorities until after death.

12. The vaccination campaign was continued and during the year 325,809 persons were vaccinated. Valuable assistance was afforded by the St. John Ambulance Brigade and by the Chinese Public Dispensaries. Both bodies engaged in active propaganda and through their efforts many were persuaded who otherwise would have kept aloof. The various sections of the Brigade again carried out street vaccination with excellent results.

13. The Chinese have a preference for vaccination being done in the spring, which they regard as the most auspicious season. For a month or two after Chinese New Year the Chinese Public Dispensaries are crowded with children waiting to be vaccinated.

14. Many Chinese still hold the opinion that the herbalist treatment of smallpox gives better results than the methods adopted by practitioners qualified in Western medicine. An analysis of the statistics of (a) the Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital where only herbalist treatment is carried out, and (b) the Government Infectious Diseases Hospital where western treatment only is provided shows that this view is not correct.

Calculating on the figures for the last 25 years the case death rate at the Tung Wah was 47.2 per cent while that at the Government institution was 15.25 per cent.

15. Plague.-For the last six years no cases of plague have been reported in Hong Kong. The disappearance of this disease not only from this Colony but from the greater part of China and its decline throughout the world are due to factors which are not understood.

16. Systematic rat-catching and periodical cleansing of houses were carried out throughout the year. The total number of rats collected was 192,251 of which 21,820 were taken alive, as compared with 175,687 and 21,976 in 1934. The number collected each year shows that there is no diminution in the rat population. All the rats collected were sent to the Public Mortuary for examination. None was found infected.

17. Cerebro-spinal Fever. Altogether 110 cases were reported with 54 deaths. No special foci of infection were dis- covered and few instances where one could trace the source of infection. The cases were treated in the general hospitals without any instance of spread of infection. Sera manufactured

at the Bacteriological Institute were used therapeutically.

18. Diphtheria.-With regard to diphtheria there is little to be said. The cases were sporadic and the sources of infection were seldom discovered. 266 cases were reported as compared with 162 in 1934.

19. Enteric.-What has been said of diphtheria applies to enteric. The incubation period being so long and the possible sources of infection so numerous there is little chance of tracing in any cases the source of infection. 319 cases were reported as compared with 212 in 1934.

20. Leprosy.-The Committee appointed in 1934 by His Excellency the

the Governor under the Chairmanship of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs to enquire into the incidence of Leprosy in the Colony and to suggest methods of dealing with lepers presented its report in January and as a result a new lepers Ordinance (Ordinance No. 25 of 1935) was enacted and passed on the 13th of June.

Prior to 1935 there was no place set apart in the Colony for use as a leper settlement. In May of 1935, however, temporary arrangements were made whereby lepers could be admitted to the Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital at Kennedy Town. They are fed by the Tung Wah Hospital Committee at Government expense and treated by a Government Medical Officer.

21. Rabies. Ten cases of this disease were reported during the year. Three cases occurred in humans, one in a mule, the remainder in dogs. The disease was confined to Kowloon, and the last case was reported in August.

Two of the human cases had been treated with anti-rabi vaccine before the appearance of symptoms. All three were fatal.

THE DUMPING OF THE Dead.

22. The number of bodies reported by the police as dumped was 1,038 as compared with 1,056 in 1934. In an endeavour to stop this practice chambers for the deposit of corpses have been established at all the Chinese Public Dispensaries. In some cases the top of the table is so arranged that the weight of a body on it closes an electric circuit which rings a bell in the caretaker's room. So far the chambers have not been an unqualified success and dumping in the street at night continues.

HOSPITALS.

23. The Government Civil Hospital.-The Hospital consists of three blocks and contains 225 beds in 23 wards. About one half the accommodation has been placed under the care of the clinical professors of the University who have been gazetted respectively Surgeon, Physician and Obstetric Physician to the Hospital.

The number of inpatients in 1935 was 5,047 as compared with 5,063 in the previous year.

24. Attendances at the general clinics for outpatients numbered 50,685 as compared with 48,166 in the previous year. In addition there were 55,750 attendances at clinics for special subjects such as those in connection with children's diseases, opthalmology, ear, nose and throat work, venereal diseases etc. Much of the work connected with outpatients was done by the University staff.

25. Attached to the hospital is a Maternity Hospital of 21 beds. There were 1,056 cases in 1935 and 954 in 1934. With the exception of 193 cases attended by the Government Medical Officers all the cases were under the care of the University Professor and his assistants.

26. Mental Hospital. Situated close to the Government Civil Hospital is the Mental Hospital which is under the direction of the Medical Officer in charge of the Government Civil Hospital. There are separate divisions for European and Chinese. The European section contains 14 beds and the Chinese section '18 beds. This hospital is mainly only a temporary abode for mental

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cases, those of Chinese nationality being sent to Canton, and those of other nationalities repatriated to their respective coun- tries. There were 350 cases in 1935 and 344 in 1934. The daily average number of patients for 1935 was 50.3.

27. Government Infectious Diseases Hospital.-This hospital situated on the Western outskirts of the City of Victoria is the only Government Institution of its kind for the whole Colony. Formerly a Police Station it contains only 26 beds.

One case only was admitted in 1935 as compared with 8 cases in 1934.

28. Kowloon Hospital. The accommodation at this hospital, which is situated on the Mainland, is 131 beds. It consists of four two storied blocks, one of which is reserved for Maternity

cases.

The opening of the Maternity Block in 1934 filled a long felt want as there was no provision on the mainland for European women. Private patients may be attended by their own doctor if they so desire. During the year 657 patients were admitted.

The number of inpatients in 1935 was 3,077 as compared with 2,536 in 1934.

The new Out-Patients Department situated at the Main Gate was opened on 11th March 1935.

The total attendances at the Out-Patient Department num- bered 54,194 (32,311 in 1934); of these 23,053 were new cases; 14,143 were old cases. The remaining 16,998 were dressings.

29. Victoria Hospital.-Situated on the Peak, this hospital overlooks the city of Victoria and has a clear view across the harbour of the territory on the mainland.

There are 46 beds in the General Block and 26 in the Maternity Block. There is an entirely separate staff for each building.

During 1935, 490 cases were treated, 424 in the General Block and 66 in the Maternity Block; the number in 1934 being 430, made up of 359 General and 71 Maternity cases. Maternity patients may be attended by their own doctor if they so desire.

A few outpatients attend at this Hospital each morning between 9-10.30 a.m.

30. Tsan Yuk Hospital.-This Maternity Hospital was formerly part of the organisation financed and managed by the Chinese Public Dispensaries Committee and was handed over to Government as a free gift on 1st January, 1934. ·

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The care of the patients is under the general supervision of the University Professor of Obstetrics who is also a Government Consultant. The University Medical students receive training there.

There are 60 beds, of which 46 are reserved for maternity cases and 14 for gynaecological cases.

During the year 1,541 cases were admitted to the Maternity section and 197 to the Gynaecological sections, a total of 1,738 admissions.

In the out-patients department, 5,250 people attended during the year. Separate Gynaecological, Infant Welfare,

Venereal Diseases, and Anti-Natal Clinics were held in which 1,334, 2,565, 1,062 and 289 cases respectively were treated or advised.

31. The Chinese Hospitals.-Tung Wah, Tung Wah Eastern Kwong Wah-are hospitals which are maintained by the Tung Wah Charity Organisation, a purely Chinese body. These institutions, which

which are assisted by Government, are under inspection by the Government Medical Department. Each has as its Medical Superintendent a Chinese Medical Officer who is paid by Government. The Medical staff consists of Chinese Medical Officers, qualified in Western Medicine, and Chinese Herbalists.

The patient is given his choice of treatment.

No. treated in 1935.

No. treated in 1934.

HOSPITAL.

No. of

Chinese

Chinese

beds. Western

Western

Herbalist

Herbalist

Medicine

Medicine

Medicine

Medicine

Tung Wah-General.. 410 7,088

4,984

5,671 5,480

Maternity. 24

1,833

1,320

Kwong Wah-General 267

7,296

3,364

5,902

2,883

Maternity. 59

4,439

4,406

Tung Wah

Eastern-General 222

4,778

2,185

3,050

2,528

Maternity. 14

1,154

954

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32. Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital. Situated in Kennedy Town and adjacent to the Government Infectious Diseases Hospital is the Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital, an institution containing 30 beds where 60 patients could be accommodated at a pinch. The treatment here is left almost

entirely to the herbalists.

During the year there were 7 patients, as compared with 47 in the preceding year.

TREATMENT OF OPIUM ADDICTS.

At the Government Civil Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital six and twelve beds (respectively) are reserved for the treatment of opium addicts, the Government being responsible for the expenses incurred. 37 cases were treated at the former institution and 441 at the latter, making a total of 478 cases.

Chapter V.

HOUSING.

In recent years some evidence has been shown amongst the artizan class of the Colony of a quickening social consciousness and the resultant desire to avail themselves of improved housing accommodation wherever such is made available. The unskilled labouring classes, however, are still found densely packed in tenement houses deficient in light and air. This class of labour has to find its habitat as close as possible to the scene of its labour, with the result that the Western part of the City of Victoria, which houses the native business quarter and closely adjoins the portion of the harbour handling the traffic from the West River and Chinese Coast Ports, is seriously overcrowded.

2. These conditions are being slowly mitigated by the rebuilding of properties which from time to time are condemned. for reasons of structural defects. This process of elimination is however, too slow to create any appreciable improvement. The legislation mentioned in paragraph 8, which calls for the provision of reasonable yard space, when made operative, will hasten the removal or reconstruction of much of the old property. This, whilst providing improved housing conditions, will no doubt mean increased cost of living to the labouring classes.

3. Hitherto, the hostility of the property-owning class to the introduction of legislation requiring additional open space and thereby reducing the earning power of the property has been the chief obstacle in obtaining improved conditions. It can, however,

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32. Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital. Situated in Kennedy Town and adjacent to the Government Infectious Diseases Hospital is the Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital, an institution containing 30 beds where 60 patients could be accommodated at a pinch. The treatment here is left almost

entirely to the herbalists.

During the year there were 7 patients, as compared with 47 in the preceding year.

TREATMENT OF OPIUM ADDICTS.

At the Government Civil Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital six and twelve beds (respectively) are reserved for the treatment of opium addicts, the Government being responsible for the expenses incurred. 37 cases were treated at the former institution and 441 at the latter, making a total of 478 cases.

Chapter V.

HOUSING.

In recent years some evidence has been shown amongst the artizan class of the Colony of a quickening social consciousness and the resultant desire to avail themselves of improved housing accommodation wherever such is made available. The unskilled labouring classes, however, are still found densely packed in tenement houses deficient in light and air. This class of labour has to find its habitat as close as possible to the scene of its labour, with the result that the Western part of the City of Victoria, which houses the native business quarter and closely adjoins the portion of the harbour handling the traffic from the West River and Chinese Coast Ports, is seriously overcrowded.

2. These conditions are being slowly mitigated by the rebuilding of properties which from time to time are condemned. for reasons of structural defects. This process of elimination is however, too slow to create any appreciable improvement. The legislation mentioned in paragraph 8, which calls for the provision of reasonable yard space, when made operative, will hasten the removal or reconstruction of much of the old property. This, whilst providing improved housing conditions, will no doubt mean increased cost of living to the labouring classes.

3. Hitherto, the hostility of the property-owning class to the introduction of legislation requiring additional open space and thereby reducing the earning power of the property has been the chief obstacle in obtaining improved conditions. It can, however,

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be recorded that this spirit of obstruction is less evident today as a result of education, and of the example set by some of the better class of realty companies whose blocks of tenement houses compare not unfavourably in essential respects with modern European practice.

4. The housing of the Colony is all privately owned, and control is maintained by the operation of the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance, the provisions of which also mould the character of the housing. Generally the houses are built back to back in rows, separated by a scavenging lane six feet in width specified by the Ordinance. These houses vary in height from two to four storeys according to the width of the street cn to which they front, whilst the average height per storey is twelve feet, a minimum being controlled by the Ordinance. The houses built prior to the 1903 Ordinance covering the greatest part of the native quarter are of depths varying from forty feet to eighty feet, with often less than 100 square feet of open space provided within the curtilage of the lot. After the passing of the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance No. 1 of 1903, the amount of open space per house to be allowed within the boundaries of each lot is governed, and falls under two main heads, viz:—(a) houses built on land bought prior to the passing of the Ordin- ance in 1903, where the open space must not be less than one-fourth of the area of the site and (b) houses built on land bought subsequently where the minimum is raised to one- third of the area. On plan the usual frontage of each house is fifteen feet (a dimension owing its origin more to early structural limitation than to economics) and a depth of about thirty-five feet, whilst each storey consists of one large "room" with a native type kitchen in the rear. This room is then subdivided by thin partitions seven feet high into three cubicles each of which may accommodate a family. A latrine is built at ground floor level, one to each house irrespective of the number of occupants, and is common to all.

5. Structurally the earlier houses are of blue bricks (of native manufacture having a very low structural value) and timber, (usually China fir which is extremely susceptible to the ravages of white ants). Lately, however reinforced concrete and better quality bricks have been used.

6. In the City of Victoria the major defect of housing is due to lack of town planning, but since a large proportion of the City was erected in the early days of the Colony, when town planning was little practised even in Europe, the conditions to-day are a heritage, the elimination of which involves immense sums of money, and probably considerable opposition if attempted on a large scale.

-

1

15

The Commission held its first meeting in June 1935 but owing to absence of members from the Colony and temporary changes in Government personnel no further meetings were possible during the year.

Chapter VI.

PRODUCTION.

Hong Kong is the port for South China, and the greater part of the large volume of goods that pass through it is in transit between South China and other parts of the world, including North and Middle China. The Colony itself produces comparatively little, though the shipbuilding, cement, rope, tin and sugar refining, rubber shoe and cotton knitting industries are not unimportant. Neither agriculture nor mining is carried on to any great extent, though the former is practised throughout the New Territories. Rice and vegetables are grown, and there is considerable poultry farming, but in insufficient quantities to supply the needs of the urban populations of Victoria and Kowloon. The cultivation is in the hands of the Chinese villagers. Sea fishing is an important industry, but here again local supplies have to be augmented by importation from outside.

2. Reports on the principal industries for the year 1935 are given below:-

an

Refined Sugar-Generally speaking 1935 witnessed upward trend in world prices for raw sugar following the reduc- tion in carry-over stocks and the more approximate balance of output and consumption following the severely restricted produc- tion. Refined sugar values naturally followed suit, but Hong Kong and China markets were slow in coming up to replacement costs. The severe floods in the Yangtsze valley and Yellow river areas in July aggravated the economic depression and financial stringency, and refined sugar as a relative luxury in China suffered some reduction in offtake. The extreme fluctuations in exchange rates and the political situation in North China, Man- churia and Mongolia, tended to restrict trade. The political situation is somewhat less tense at the time of writing and with the, at least relative, success achieved by the Chinese Govern- ment's currency measures the financial situation appears to be slightly easier, and prospects for the future are better than they have been for some time past.

Cement.-Business in Cement continued to be fairly brisk throughout the year despite trade conditions. Japanese importers did the bulk of the business at very low prices.

F

¿

:

16

Preserved Ginger.-Local prices fluctuated during the year from $10 to $16 per picul for cargo ginger and from $15 to $25 per picul for stem ginger. This represented a decrease in terms of local currency but in terms of other currencies Hong Kong ginger was dearer on account of higher exchange values. In- creased quantities were, however, exported owing to the more prosperous conditions existing in the countries which are the largest purchasers. Total value of exports amounted to $1,875,778. Of this amount $783,193 was taken by the United Kingdom, $332,671 by Australia, $191,454 by Holland and $138,131 by the United States of America.

+

more

Knitted Goods.-Local knitting factories experienced another year of very depressed trading. The heavy Chinese import duties. have practically closed the South China market to Hong Kong manufactured goods and on account of the higher exchange value of local currency during the greater part of 1935 it was difficult to sell competitively in British Malaya, the Philippines, Netherlands East Indies and Siam which are now the biggest markets. There was a welcome increase in business with the British West Indies, particularly in singlets. The yarn used in the manufacture of the lower grades of cotton knitted goods is imported from North China and that for the higher grades from the United Kingdom. The total value of exports of singlets, in 1935 was $2,346,360 and that of hosiery, $352,942.

Flashlight Torches.-High exchange also handicapped the sale in other markets of Hong Kong-made flashlight torches and batteries and there were large decreases in exports to the Netherlands East Indies, Malaya and India. Exports to Siam and to the United Kingdom increased but the total volume of business ($1,546,615 worth of torches and $809,964 worth of batteries) was considerably below normal. At the close of the year lower exchange gave prospects of better business but it is not thought likely that there will be much export to the United Kingdom in 1936 owing to the fact that to qualify for Imperial Preference, the torches are now required to be made of British- made brass which is dearer than the Continental brass at present used.

Rubber Shoes.-As locally manufactured canvas shoes with rubber soles qualify for Imperial Preference, an impetus has been given to shipments to other parts of the British Empire, parti- cularly the United Kingdom and the British West Indies. The rubber used in the manufacture of these shoes is certified to be the produce of British Malayan plantations and the canvas have been made in the United Kingdom. Until a few years ago most of the canvas used originated from the United States of America. The total value of exports of rubber shoes from Hong Kong in 1935 amounted to over $2,000,000.

17

Lard. The manufacture of lard is an important local industry. Pigs are imported from South China and Kwong- chowan and slaughtered in Government abbatoirs, the preparation of packing of the manufactured lard also being supervised by Government officials. Total exports from Hong Kong in 1935 amounted to 71,222 piculs valued at $1,617,009. Of this amount 63,158 piculs was taken by the United Kingdom.

Shipbuilding.-One river motor ship, one motor schooner, five launches, three yachts, fourteen motor boats, seven lighters, nine small craft, one vehicular ferry and one tug were under construction during the year in local dockyards.

Chapter VII.

COMMERCE.

During the year 1935 the visible trade of the Colony. showed a further decline as compared with the year 1934, in terms of local currency, but the statistics of both imports and exports of merchandise showed an increase in terms of sterling in 1935 as compared with 1934.

2. In terms of local currency the total visible trade of the Colony in 1935 declined by 14.2% as compared with. 1934, and 29.6% as compared with 1933, but in terms of sterling values the visible trade in 1935 showed an increase of 8.7% as compared with 1934, and an increase of 0.2% as compared with 1983. (Details are given in Table I).

3. Imports of merchandise totalled $365.0 (£35.3) millions in 1935, as compared with $415.9 (£31.7) millions in 1934, and $500.9 (£33.9) millions in 1933; whilst exports totalled $271.0 (£26.1)-millions in 1935 as compared with $325.1 (£24.8) millions in 1934, and $403.1 (£27.4) millions in 1933.

4. In terms of local currency imports of merchandise in 1935 decreased by 12.2% as compared with 1934, and 27.1% as compared with 1933; whilst exports decreased by 16.6% compared with 1934, and 32.8% as compared with 1933.

as

5. In terms of sterling values imports of merchandise increased by 11.4% in 1935, as compared with 1934, and 4.1% as compared with 1983; whilst exports increased by 5.2% in 1935, as compared with 1934, and decreased by 4.7% as compared with 1933.

18

6. It is estimated that the quantum of the import trade increased by 4.4% in 1935, as compared with 1934, and decreased by 12.3% as compared with 1933 and 15.4% as compared with 1932, but, of necessity, the volume of imports into the Colony cannot be calculated accurately on account of the lack of a suitable unit of quantity, fluctuations in the dollar exchange, and the fact that many commodities imported are declared by value only.

7. The following countries increased their shares of the import trade:-Japan, U.S.A., French Indo-China, Germany, British Malaya, Australia, and Belgium; whilst increased shares of the export trade were credited to China, Japan, U.S.A., Kwong Chow Wan, and the Philippine Islands. (Details are given in Table II).

8. It will be seen from Table III that as compared with 1934, there were decreased imports in 1935 of live animals, building materials, chemicals and drugs, Chinese medicines, foodstuffs, fuels, hardware, intoxicating liquors, machinery, metals, nuts and seeds, paper and paperware, piece goods, tobacco, treasure, wearing apparel and sundries; whilst there were slight increases in imports of dyeing and tanning materials, oils and fats, paints and vehicles. Imports of artificial manures and also minerals and ores practically doubled. With exception of dyeing and tanning materials, machinery, artificial manures, treasure, and vehicles, all other groups of export commodities in 1935 showed a decline as compared with 1934.

9. Total movements of treasure amounted to $254.7 millions in 1935, as compared with $206.6 millions in 1934; imports accounting for $38.8 millions as compared with $78.1 millions in 1934, and exports $216.0 millions as compared with $128.5 millions in 1934. (Details are given in Table IV).

10. Average T.T. opening rates of exchange during the year 1935 were:-London 1/11 France 719.7/16; U.S.A. 471; Shanghai; 1284; India 128; Singapore 8218; Japan 1651; Java 697. The highest Sterling average rate was 2/4 in May, steadily decreasing month by month to 1/3 in December.

11. Wholesale prices in the Colony during the year 1935 declined by 14.9% as compared with 1934, 24.7% as compared with 1933 and 22.1% as compared with the base year 1922. Foodstuffs declined by 9.4% in 1935 as compared with 1934, Textiles by 12.6%, Metals and Minerals by 18.1% and Miscellaneous Articles by 18.3%. (Details are given in Table V).

$

19

Table I.

IMPORTS AND EXPORTS 1924-1935.

(in £'s & $'s millions).

IMPORTS.

1924.

1930. 1931. 1932. 1933.

1934. 1935.

1st Quarter

£ 19.3

.....

$165.4

2nd Quarter

3rd Quarter

4th Quarter

* 9.0 11.9 8.5 7.1 9.0 * 186.9 170.7 132.8

£17.1 9.2

8.7 10.2 8.5 $144.0 131.3 180.1 164.7. 126.1.

95.8

97.3

7.1

10.7

99.7

94.0

8.1

8.1

79.5

9.4

7.5

94.2

£ 19.2 10.1 9.0 9.3 8.5

$161.7 156.8 182.3 142.4 122.1 106.6

8.4

£ 16.5 10.3 11.8 9.6 $136.6 167.4 188.4 146.2 119.9 113.8

Total

£72.1 $607.7

29.6 38.5 41.0 33.9 31.7 35.3 455.5 737.7 624.0 500.9 415.9 365.0,

EXPORTS.

1924. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935.

1st Quarter

£ 18.3 $156.8

*

* 6.8 8.8 6.8 5.8

140.1 127.0· 105.3

6.9

77.5

74.8

2nd Quarter.... £ 15.2

7.4 6.4 7.1 7.2

5.7

7.7

$128.0

105.9 132.5 115.3 106.2

79.6

67.9

3rd Quarter

£ 14.6 7.3 6.5 7.2 $122.9 113.7 130.6 110.0

6.6

6.1

5.8

95.5

80.5

56.6

4th Quarter

£ 15.5 8.5 9.2 7.9 $128.3 137.2 138.7 119.6

6.8

7.2 5.7

96.1

87.5 71.7

Total

£ 63.6 23.2 28.9 $536.0 356.8 541.9

31.0 27.4 24.8 26.1 471.9 403.1 325.1 271.0

*No statistics available.

NOTE:Average rate of exchange 1924-2s. 41d.

193018. 31d.

1931=1s. Oąd.

1932=1s. 3 d.

1933-1s. 44d.

1934 1s. 6d.

1935=1s. 11d.

20

Table II.

DISTRIBUTION OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF MERCHANDISE BY COUNTRIES ($'000's omitted).

A.-IMPORTS.

1934.

1935.

$

%

$

%

China

146,488

35.2 123,314

33.8

Japan

36,669

8.8

43,132

11.8

N. E. Indies

34,675

8.3

22,576

6.2

United Kingdom

32,542

7.8

23,897

6.5

U. S. A.

29,343

7.1

26,462

7.3

French Indo-China

26,245

6.3

32,573

8.9

Siam

33,464

8.0

20,535

5.6

Germany

13,537

3.3

16,346

4.5

British Malaya

5,496

1.3

6,215

1.7

India

8,276

2.0

4,440

1.2

Australia

6,698

1.6

8,419

2.3

Belgium

4,880

1.2

4,788

1.3

All Other Countries

37,606 9.1

32,293

8.9

Summary.

United Kingdom

32,542

7.8

23,897

6.5

British Dominions and

Possessions

28,954

7.0

26,983

7.4

China

146,488

35.2 123,314 33.8

All Other Countries

207,935

50.0

190,796 52.3

Total British Empire

Total Foreign

354,423

61,496 14.8

85.2

50,880 13.9

314,110 86.1

Grand Total

415,919 100.0

364,990 100.0

21

Table II.-Continued.

B.-EXPORTS.

1934.

1935.

$

%

$

%

China

156,243

48.0 132,804

49.0

British Malaya

24,765

7.6 17,006

6.3

French Indo-China

24,095

7.4

14,459

5.3

Japan

11,447

3.5

11.497

4.2

Macao

17,364

5.3

13,294

4.9

Siam

14,664

4.5

10,441

3.9

U. S. A.

18,573

5.7

21,248

7.8

Kwong Chow Wan

8,018

2.5

9,333

3.4

N. E. Indies

8,506

2.6

6,193

2.3

Philippines

5,291

1.6

5,012

1.8

India

4,233

1.3

3,416

1.3

All Other Countries ........

31,906

10.0

26,330

9.8

Summary.

United Kingdom

6,363

2.0

7,553

2.8

British Dominions and

Possessions

39,701 12.2

China

156,243 48.0

30,107

132,804 49.0

11.1

All Other Countries

122,798 37.8

100,569 37.1

Total British Empire

46,064 14.2

37,660 13.9

Total Foreign

279,041 85.8

233,373 86.1

Grand Total

325,105 100.0

271,033 100.0

22

Table III.

IMPORTS AND EXPORTS BY MAIN GROUPS OF COMMODITIES

($'000's omitted).

Imports.

Exports.

1934.

1935.

1934.

1935.

$

$

$

$

Animals, Live

9,223

7,929

300

168

Building Materials

7,262

6,730

3,872

3,502

Chemicals & Drugs

5,724

4,521

3,325

2,894

Chinese Medicines

16,825

13,018

11,789

10,318

Dyeing Materials

3,696 4,261

3,224

3,553

Foodstuffs

126,537 108,025 102,170

82,187

Fuels

11,463

10,628 1,087

781

Hardware

2,937

2,651 2,120

2,041

Liquors

3,916

2,922

1,226

761

Machinery

6,948

6,740

5,833

7,392

Manures

2,046

3,435

3,520

4,882

Metals

33,172

32,784

31,055

28,711

Minerals & Ores

1,100

2,190

2,922

2,829

Nuts and Seeds

6,101

5,141

4,227

3,436

Oils and Fats

33,902

33,972 25,753

25,657

Paints

1,440

1,451

1,328

1,196

Paper and Paperware

9,732

8,871 6,962

5,644

Piece Goods

66,551

52,670

48,703

34,109

Railway Materials ...

354

563

1,521

1,061

Tobacco

6,384

5,863

4,295

3,236

Treasure

78,081

38,785

128,480 215,959

Vehicles

3,374

3,938 2,039

3,061

Wearing Apparel

4,041

Sundries

53,190

43.075 49,346

3,611 8,487 6,223

37,392

Total

493,999

403,774 453,584 486,993

--23

Table IV.

IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF TREASURE.

Imports.

Exports.

1934.

1935.

1934.

1935.

$

$

$

Bank Notes

Copper Cents

Gold Bars

Gold Coins

16,735,677 12,520,780 13,295,374 12,619,645

6,006 264,622 13,485

156,983

13,713,828 3,548,539 69,869,489 28,330,556

Gold Leaf

Silver Bars

H.K. Silver Dollars

528,049

38,060

14,448

3,575,251 1,053,014

4,764

252,556

139,597

9,191,377 100,856,835

16,982,920

8,285,219

34,558,816

Chinese Silver Dollars

Other Silver Dollars

Silver Sub. Coin

23,197,937 6,727,206 31,140,989 17,088,114

172,564 1,358,911 199,914 19,038,593

3,531,261 5,280,372 3,737,158 3,275,588

Total

78,080,869 38,784,811 128,479,528 215,959,289

Table V.

WHOLESALE PRICE CHANGES.

(1922=100)

Groups.

1924. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935.

Foodstuffs

Textiles

106.1 144.3 126.5 113.4

94.3

85.4

112.5 135.8 125.2 97.0 85.9

74.2

Metals

102.3 140.9 128,1

107.8

97.4

79.8

Miscellaneous

106.3 125.4 109.7

95.7

88.5

72.3

Average

106.8 136.6

122.4

103.5

91.5

77.9

24

Chapter VIII.

WAGES AND THE COST OF LIVING.

A great proportion of the workers in Hong Kong are paid on a piece-work basis and in some trades are engaged and paid on curiously complicated systems involving payment of a bonus or a share in the yearly profits.

The depression in local industries seemed to have reached its lowest ebb at the beginning of the year and during the first nine months there was little, if any, improvement in business.

A number of the smaller knitting and weaving factories closed down altogether and some of the larger factories worked shorter hours. During the last three months, however, various industries, especially those engaged in the manufacture of cigarettes, rubber shoes, felt hats, electric torches, dry batteries and confectionery, began to improve. It is probable that this improvement was mainly due to better export trade consequent upon the fall in value of the local dollar vis-a-vis sterling and there is reason to hope that this improvement will be maintained.

As usual, the knitting and weaving industry has done better business with the approach of the cold season. Joss-stick making has been prosperous for the greater part of the year. A new industry, the making of Bakelite wares, has started but so far the output has been limited to samples. One enterprising rubber factory which had hitherto confined itself to the manufacture of shoes is now making a bid to increase business by making rubber knee-boots and, still more recently, leather shoes, using leather from England and Australia.

The number of factories has maintained its level. In spite of fifty-three having closed down during the year, over sixty new factories have been registered. There are now 506 registered workshops and factories in operation.

Owing to the fact that Chinese who are unable to find einployment in the Colony tend to return to their native districts in China it is difficult to form an accurate opinion on the question of unemployment in Hong Kong. There can be little doubt, however, that there has been a slight increase in unemployment during the year and that the average rates of wages for labour, especially for skilled and semi-skilled labour

factories and workshops, have decreased. Wages for unskilled labour do not appear to have suffered to the same extent. A natural corollary of this general decrease in prosperity is that many people who formerly rented rooms and

:

277

Chapter IX.

EDUCATION AND WELFARE INSTITUTIONS.

GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.

These are either schools where the medium of instruction is English or mostly English or schools where the medium of instruction is Chinese. The former, seventeen in number, are known as "English" schools, the latter of which there are three

'vernacular" schools.

as

Of the

2. Of the four English schools, classed as "secondary" schools in the Table below, two are Anglo-Chinese schools for boys and one for girls. These three schools have primary departments. The fourth school, the Central British School which is a mixed school, has no primary department. eleven English schools, classed as "primary" schools in the Table, three are mixed schools preparing for the Central British School. In this group are also four "District" schools, including one for Indian boys and four "Lower Grade" schools, three of which are in rural districts. In those English schools which are attended by Chinese the study of English and of Chinese is carried on side by side, the pari passu system requiring that promotion shall depend on proficiency in both languages.

3. Of the two Government Schools classed as "vocational' one is the Junior Technical School which was opened in February, 1933, the other is the Evening Institute which is attended by persons desirous of receiving instruction for the most part germane to their day time occupations.

4. Of the three Government vernacular schools one has a seven years' course and includes a Normal department. There is also a normal school for women teachers and a normal school on the mainland which aims at providing vernacular teachers for rural schools.

GRANT-IN-AID AND SUBSIDIZED SCHOOLS.

5. There are fourteen Grant-in-Aid English Schools, and four Grant-in-Aid Vernacular Schools. Of the former, seven are schools for boys and seven are for girls.

:

6. One English school for girls has a primary department only, and one an infant department only.

The remaining

schools classed in the table below as "secondary" schools have primary departments as well as the upper classes.

{

28

7. Munsang College, Kowloon City, received a grant of $6,000.

8. The vernacular Grant-in-Aid Schools are schools for girls and are classed in the Table as "secondary" schools.

9. The 311 subsidized schools are all vernacular schools.

UNAIDED SCHOOLS.

10. In 1935 there were 638 unaided vernacular schools with 35,973 children and 126 unaided English schools with 5,444 children.

Table showing number of schools and scholars for the year 1935.

GRANT-IN-AID

GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.

AND SUBSIDIZED SCHOOLS.

UNAIDED SCHOOLS.

CLASS OF INSTITUTIONS.

No. of Institu- tions.

On

Roll.

No. of Institu-

On

No. of

On

Roll.

Institu-

Roll.

tions.

tions.

ENGLISH :-

Secondary,

4

2,150

13* 6,470

13

1,504

Primary,

11

1,783

2

248

113

3,940

Vocational,

2

992

Total,

17

4,925

15 6,718

126

5,444

for sales

VERNACULAR :---

Secondary,

1

244

4

998-

Primary,

310

20,830 637

35,774

Vocational,

2

221

1

128

1

199

Total,

3

465

315

21,956

638 35,973

Total No. of institutions

Total on Roll

* This includes Ying Wa College whose primary department receives a Grant-in-Aid.

N.B.-Kindergarten boys attending Grant-in-Aid Schools for girls are

not shown separately.

1,114 75,481

24

笛

29

THE UNIVERSITY.

11. The University of Hong Kong was incorporated under a local University Ordinance, 1911, and opened in 1912. It is a residential University and open to students of both sexes.

12. The University hostels are three in number-Lugard Hall, Eliot Hall and May Hall. There are also three recognized hostels for men, St. John's Hall, Morrison Hall and Ricci Hall, and one- -St. Stephen's Hall for women. No university hostel at present exists for women students.

13. The late Sir Hormusjee Mody bore the entire expense. of the erection of the main building. Additions have been made through the liberality of benefactors of varied nationality, and domicile. The latest additions to the buildings are a School of Chinese Students, the cost of which was borne by Mr. Tang Chi Ngong a local Chinese merchant and banker, and a Chinese Library named after the late Mr. Fung Ping Shan who provided a sum of $100,000 for the building and $50,000 as an endow- nent fund for its maintenance; also a School of Surgery and a New Engineering Laboratory named after H.E. the Governor, Sir William Peel.

14. The income of the University for 1935 amounted to $822,498 of which $299,000 was derived from endowments and $350,000 from Government. Messrs. John Swire & Sons, Ltd., gave £40,000 to the original endowment fund and subsequently $100,000 for engineering equipment. The Rockfeller Institute has endowed the University with three chairs in surgery, medicine and obstetrics, the endowment being in each case $250,000. The annual expenditure in 1935 amounted to about $806,562.

15. The University includes the three faculties of Medicine, Engineering and Arts. Admission to all faculties is conditional upon passing the matriculation examination of the University or some examination recognized as equivalent thereto.

16. The Faculty of Medicine provides a six year course of study in the usual pre-medical and medical sciences, leading to the degree of M.B. and B.S. The degrees of M.D. and M.S. are awarded on examinations but are subject to the proviso that every candidate for the degrees shall produce evidence of special post-graduate experience in the subject which he presents. The degrees above mentioned are recognized by the General Medical Council for registration in Great Britain.

17. The Faculty of Engineering provides a four years course in practical and theoretical engineering, leading to the degree of B.Sc., (Eng.) Fourth year students specialize in civil, mechanical or electrical engineering. The degree for post- graduate work is that of M.Sc., (Eng.)

30

18. The Faculty of Arts includes departments of pure arts and science, social science, commerce, a department of Chinese studies and a department for training teachers.

The course is in all cases one of four years and leads to the degree of B.A. The degree for post-graduate work is that of M.A.

19. With a view to securing the maintenance of the desired standard-which is in all three faculties that of a British University degree-external examiners are, in all faculties associated with the internal examiners in all annual final examinations. In the Faculty of Engineering, but not in other faculties, degrees with honours are granted, the standard being assessed by special examiners chosen from ainongst the external examiners in the University of London.

20. The degree of LL.D. is granted honoris causa.

CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS.

21. The following are the best known Charitable Institutions.

French Convent Orphanage. Italian Convent Orphanage. Maryknoll Convent, Kowloon.

St. Louis Industrial School.

Po Leung Kuk-Chinese. Victoria Home and Orphanage.

Society of Precious Blood Hospital.

Home for Aged Poor, Kowloon.

La Calvaire Home for Aged Poor, Happy Valley. Eyre Refuge.

Salvation Army Home.

Industrial Home for the Blind, Pokfulam.

Industrial School, Aberdeen.

RECREATION AND ART.

22. Most of the schools contrive to hold annual sports either on their own grounds or on grounds generously lent by local cricket and football clubs. Some schools are granted free use of Government bathing beaches for four afternoons a week during the bathing season. Lawn tennis, football, swimming, volley ball and basket ball continue to increase in popularity. Cricket is played at a few schools. Physical training is given by qualified instructors. Art is taught in the Government British schools by trained art mistresses.

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Chapter X.

COMMUNICATION AND TRANSPORT.

The external communications of Hong Kong are excellent both by sea and by telegraph, cable and radio. As regards the former, the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Co., the Nippon Yusen Kaisha, the Blue Funnel Line, the Messageries Maritimes, and several other British and foreign companies main- tain regular passenger and freight services between Hong Kong and Europe. The trans-Pacific communications are well served by the Canadian Pacific Steamship Ltd., the Dollar Line, the Nippon Yusen Kaisha, and other steamship lines. To Australia three steamship companies, the Eastern and Australian, Nippon Yusen Kaisha, and Australian and Oriental maintain regular passenger and freight services. In addition there are direct sailings to Africa, South America, and to New York. There is frequent and regular communication between Hong Kong and other Far Eastern ports in India, Java, Straits Settlements, Formosa, Indo-China, Japan and the China coast. Local steam- ship communication is by river steamer from Hong Kong to Canton and the West River ports with several sailings daily. In addition there is a vast traffic between Hong Kong and the adjacent provinces of China by junk and sampan.

އ

2. The total shipping entering and clearing Ports in the Colony during the year 1935 amounted to 94,655 vessels of 43,473,979 tons which, compared with the figures for 1934 shows an increase of 901 vessels, and 1,559,957 tons. Of the above, 45,553 vessels of 41,487,477 tons were engaged in Foreign Trade as compared with 44,043 vessels of 40,054,033 tons in There was an increase in British Ocean-going shipping of 268 vessels and 475,911 tons. Foreign Ocean-going vessels show an increase of 549 vessels and 1,325,134 tons. British River Steamers showed a decrease of 63 vessels and an increase of 66,007 tons. Foreign River Steamers showed an increase of 247 vessels and 49,346 tons. In steamships not exceeding 60 tons employed in Foreign Trade there was a decrease of 446 vessels with a decrease in tonnage of 8,400 tons. Junks in Foreign Trade showed an increase of 955 vessels with a decrease tonnage of 474,554 tons. In Local Trade (i.e., between places within the waters of the Colony), there was an increase in steam- launches of 241 vessels with an increase in tonnage of 31,984 tons. Junks in Local Trade show a decrease of 850 vessels, with an increase in tonnage of 94,529 tons.

in

3. The Eastern Extension Australasia and China Telegraph Company (British) by means of three cables to Singapore, one direct and one each via Labuan and Cape St. James respectively, provides good connections with Europe via India, with Austra- lasia, and with the other British Colonies and Possessions. By

32

their cable to Manila connection is made with the direct American cable, thence to San Francisco. Two cables to Shanghai, belong- ing respectively to the Eastern Extension and to the Great Northern (Danish) Companies, via Foochow and Amoy respective- ly, give a good connection with Shanghai, North China, Japan and Russia; the system of the Great Northern Telegraph Com- pany gives a good service to Europe via Asiatic Russia.

4. The Government operates commercial radio services with direct communication to the Chinese stations Shanghai, Foochow, Annoy, Swatow, Canton, Yunnanfu, Hoihow, to Formosa, French Indo-China, Siam, Philippines, Dutch East Indies, British North Borneo, via Manila to Europe, America, etc. and via Malabar to Australasia, Europe etc.

5. The revenue collected by the Radio Office during the yeau from radio telegrams amounted to $600,836, a decrease of $38,628 on the amount collected in 1934. Advices of vessels signalled at the Lighthouses yielded $1,459. The total Revenue from the telegraph service amounted to $602,295. Ship Station Licences yielded $1,620, Amateur Transinission Station Licences $285, Broadcast Receiving Licences $45,016, Dealers' Licences $2,676 and Examination Fee for Operators' Certificates of Proficiency $896.

6. The number of paid radio-telegrams forwarded during the year was 202,196 consisting of 1,829,519 words against 184,466 consisting of 1,730,084 words in 1934 and 204,155 were received, consisting of 2,225,364 words against 212,072 consisting of 2,401,601 words.

7. In addition to the paid traffic figures given above the wireless Service is responsible for the reception of time signals daily from Bordeaux, Rugby, Malabar and Nauen, for the transmission of time signals to ships in the China Sea, the reception of press messages amounting to 480 messages or 295,971 words from Rugby, the collection and distribution of meteorological traffic, 5,945 messages 420,759 words having been forwarded, and 12,782 messages 430,486 words having been received, the reception and dissemination of distress, piracy and navigation messages, the transmission and reception of Govern- ment messages, etc.

8. A telephone service between Hong Kong and Canton, a distance of 110 miles is in operation.

9. Mails. The number of mail receptacles of Hong Kong origin despatched during the year was 45,318 as compared with 44,067 in 1934-an increase of 1,251, the number received was 47,759 as compared with 44,951-an increase of 2,808.

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10. Receptacles in transit, including those to and from British and Foreign Men-of-War, numbered 209,157 as against 206,869 in 1934 an increase of 2,288.

11. Registered Articles and Parcels.-The number of regis- tered articles handled amounted to 683,676 as compared with 680,360 in 1933-an increase of 3,316.

12. The figures for insured letters were 14,580 and 16,316 respectively a decrease of 1,736.

13. Parcels, ordinary and insured, which were dealt with reached a total of 149,929 as against 150,309 in 1934——a decrease of 380.

con-

14. The Railway may be said to have had a fairly successful year during 1935, bearing in mind the acute economic depression. Circumstances which have affected operating revenue siderably, are the economic instability engendered by the high price of silver, the complete failure of the fruit crop in Kwang Tung Province, and the existence through the entire period of a rate war among the Canton river steamers. The impoverished spending power of the public was a vital factor in reducing receipts.

15. The most noteworthy event of the year was the introduction of an agreement for the issue of through passenger tickets between Kowloon, and Sam Shui, Sai Nam and Fat Shan on the Canton-Sam Shui Railway. This was signed at Canton on August 30th, by the Administrations of the British and Chinese Sections of the Kowloon-Canton Railway, and the Southern Section of the Canton-Hankow Railway.

16. The track on both Sections has been maintained in a manner which has enabled all services to be run to the accelerated schedule during the year. The mid-day fast trains were speeded up, the journey between Kowloon and Canton being reduced from 3 hours 45 minutes to 3 hours 20 minutes.

17. The three 4-6-0 express locomotives obtained for the Chinese Section are still operated by the British Section. The Chinese Section made twelve monthly cash payments of $10,000 each in respect of these locomotives. Haulage charges continued to be paid by the Chinese Section.

.

18. The total steam train mileage run amounted to 500,887; this includes trains hauled by British Section locomotives over the Chinese Section. Motor Coach mileage was 8,123. Passenger journeys were 2,799,352 as against 2,683,444 in 1934.

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19. Receipts and net operating revenue were $1,411,674.73 and $500,654.48 respectively, as against $1,639,775.07 and $696,604.41 the previous year. The former figures would have been increased to $1,512,405.26 and $601,385.01 had the British Section's share of terminal through traffic receipts remained at 35%.

20. There are 377 miles of roads in the Colony, 161 miles on the Island of Hong Kong and 216 miles in Kowloon and the New Territories. Of the total mileage 293 miles are constructed in water bound macadam dressed with asphalt, 12 miles in sheet asphalt on a cement concrete foundation, 13 miles of tar macadam, 17 miles of concrete, 3 miles of granite setts and wooden blocks on a cement concrete foundation and 39 miles of gravel.

21. The public travelling over the Colony's roads increases yearly with a corresponding growth in the number of motor buses, of which there are 79 operating on the island of Hong Kong, and 121 on the mainland. These are gradually replacing the rickshas, the number of which decreases year by year.

22. The Hong Kong Tramway Company has a fleet of 91 double deck tram cars running along the sea front of Victoria from Kennedy Town to Shaukiwan.

23. Communication between the island and the mainland is maintained by a number of ferry services; the most important of which are the Star Ferry between Kowloon Point and a pier near the General Post Office, and the combined vehicular and passenger service of the Hong Kong and Yaumati Ferry Company between Jordan Road, Kowloon and Jubilee Street, Victoria.

Chapter XI.

BANKING, CURRENCY, WEIGHTS & MEASURES.

The Colony is well served by banking institutions. There are fourteen principal banks doing business in the Colony which are members of the Clearing House, and in addition several Chinese Banks and many native Hongs do some banking business. There are no banks which devote themselves specially to agricultural and co-operative banking. The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation also conducts the business of the Hong Kong Savings Bank on usual savings bank principles. Two of the Chinese Banks foreign style got into difficulties during 1935 and had to close down temporarily. One has

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19. Receipts and net operating revenue were $1,411,674.73 and $500,654.48 respectively, as against $1,639,775.07 and $696,604.41 the previous year. The former figures would have been increased to $1,512,405.26 and $601,385.01 had the British Section's share of terminal through traffic receipts remained at 35%.

20. There are 377 miles of roads in the Colony, 161 miles on the Island of Hong Kong and 216 miles in Kowloon and the New Territories. Of the total mileage 293 miles are constructed in water bound macadam dressed with asphalt, 12 miles in sheet asphalt on a cement concrete foundation, 13 miles of tar macadam, 17 miles of concrete, 3 miles of granite setts and wooden blocks on a cement concrete foundation and 39 miles of gravel.

21. The public travelling over the Colony's roads increases yearly with a corresponding growth in the number of motor buses, of which there are 79 operating on the island of Hong Kong, and 121 on the mainland. These are gradually replacing the rickshas, the number of which decreases year by year.

22. The Hong Kong Tramway Company has a fleet of 91 double deck tram cars running along the sea front of Victoria from Kennedy Town to Shaukiwan.

23. Communication between the island and the mainland is maintained by a number of ferry services; the most important of which are the Star Ferry between Kowloon Point and a pier near the General Post Office, and the combined vehicular and passenger service of the Hong Kong and Yaumati Ferry Company between Jordan Road, Kowloon and Jubilee Street, Victoria.

Chapter XI.

BANKING, CURRENCY, WEIGHTS & MEASURES.

The Colony is well served by banking institutions. There are fourteen principal banks doing business in the Colony which are members of the Clearing House, and in addition several Chinese Banks and many native Hongs do some banking business. There are no banks which devote themselves specially to agricultural and co-operative banking. The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation also conducts the business of the Hong Kong Savings Bank on usual savings bank principles. Two of the Chinese Banks foreign style got into difficulties during 1935 and had to close down temporarily. One has

(d) 1 cent copper coins.

36

(e) The silver dollars and .800 fine silver sub-coin (10 cent and 5 cent pieces, and a few 50 and 20 cent pieces) which have either remained in circulation in the Colony or filter back into it from the mainland of China, are still legal tender in the Colony (sub-coin only up to an amount of $2.00). The exchange value of the Hong Kong dollar, which had gradually risen during 1934 in confirmity with the rise in the price of silver, reached a maximum of between 28/6d and 28/7d in April/May 1935, and thereafter continued to follow silver until the prohibition of export in November, 1935. From then until the Currency Ordinance was passed in December, the rate moved between 18/4d and 18/6d; and, since the Exchange Fund began operating in December, has been consistently between 1/3 and 18/3zd.

3. The weights and measures in use in the Colony are defined in the Schedule to Ordinance No. 2 of 1885. They consist of the standards in use in the United Kingdom and of the following Chinese Weights and Measures: --

and

1 fan (candareen)=0.0133 ounces avoirdupois.

1 tsin (mace)=1.33 ounces avoirdupois.

1 leung (tael)=1.33 ounces avoirdupois.

1 kan (catty)=1.33 pounds avoirdupois.

1 tam (picul)=133.33 pounds avoirdupois.

1 chek (foot)=143 English inches divided into 10 tsün (inches) and each tsün into 10 fan or tenths.

Chapter XII.

PUBLIC WORKS.

During the year under review the operations of the Public Works Department were carried out, under a Head Office Staff, by eleven sub-departments, namely the Accounts and Stores, Architectural, Buildings Ordinance, Crown Lands and Surveys, Drainage, Electrical, Port Development, Roads and Transport, Valuations and Resumptions, Waterworks Construction and Waterworks Maintenance offices.

2. The European staff comprised 161 officers and the non- European approximately 685.

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3. The following is a summary of works carried out during the year:

BUILDINGS.

4. Works completed were:-Upper Levels Police Station; Latrines at two new bathing beaches; cold storage rooms at. the Central Medical Store; Outpatients Department at the Kowloon Hospital; a furniture workshop and store at Hung Hom; · quarters for gardeners at the Kowloon Hospital; and a new hot water system to the Maternity Block of the Victoria Hospital.

5. Works under construction were:-Gaol at Stanley; Queen Mary Hospital; Market at Wanchai; Trade School; and a Magistracy at Kowloon.

6. In addition to general maintenance, numerous minor alterations and improvements to Government Buildings were also executed during the year.

COMMUNICATIONS.

7. Works completed were:-King's Road (formerly called Shaukiwan Road) from North Point House to Taikoo Sugar Refinery; Approach Road to the proposed Government House Site at Magazine Gap; surfacing, kerbing and channelling to streets in front of new houses in Kowloon and New Kowloon; surfacing market area at Taipo Market; erection of village nameplates and sign-posts in New Territories; strengthening and improving the Fanling-Sha Tau Kok Road between Au Ha Gap and Sha Tau Kok Police Station; widening of Taipo Market to Fanling Road, between Nam Sha Po and Fanling cross roads; improvements to dangerous bends at 5, 6 and 7 miles on the Taipo Road; streets at Taipo Market and Un Long were surfaced, kerbed and channelled in front of new houses; and improving bends on road to Sha Tin Gap. Following upon the general development of the Island and Mainland, kerbing, surfacing and channelling were laid where required. Queen's College recreation ground was levelled and re-turfed.

8. Works under construction were:-King's Road from Causeway Bay to North Point Power House and improvements to various subsidiary roads on the mainland..

DRAINAGE.

9. New main sewers and storm water drains were construct- ed in Hong Kong to a length of 10,210 feet, covered nullahs to a length of 276 feet and parapet walling to open nullahs seventy-eight feet. In Kowloon, New Kowloon and New Territories, new main sewers and storm water drains were

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constructed to a length of 9,382 feet, open nullahs part section 580 feet, parapet walling 179 feet, earth cutting 9,136 cubic yards, and a large section open earth intercepting cut (part inverted and walled) for a length of 2,200 feet.

•

10. Anti-Malarial work in Hong Kong was completed at Sookunpoo and continued at Mount Parker. Streams were trained to a total length of 12,921 feet with 3,522 feet of subsoil drains. At Kowloon Tong work was continued-nullahs, channels, pipe drains and culverts were constructed to a length of 3,672 feet, and "cutting and filling" amounting to 2,300 cubic yards was carried out.

WATER WORKS.

11. In Hong Kong the following lengths of new mains were laid to improve distribution: -576 feet of 12′′, 774 feet of 10′′, 3048 feet of 8′′, 1,012 feet of 6′′ and 3,302 feet of 4′′ and under. 1,022 feet of subsidiary mains were also laid in back lanes.

12. The Jardines Lookout Section of the Eastern Pumping Scheme was completed in February and has worked satisfactorily since. The Middle Gap and Mt. Cameron Sections of the Scheme were proceeded with and were almost completed by the end of the year. These sections comprise two turbine driven ram pumps each capable of delivering 3,000 gall. per hour from Eastern Filter Beds through a 5′′ dia. rising main about 3,000 feet in length to a covered service reservoir at Middle Gap 778 A.O.D. and of 200,000 gall. capacity. Two electrically driven ram pumps are housed below Middle Gap Service Reservoir. Each pump is capable of delivering 1,800 gall. per hour through a 3" dia. rising main about 2,00 feet in length to a covered service reservoir 1,323 A.O.D. on Mt. Cameron. This reservoir has a capacity of 100,000 gall, and is connected by 1,252 feet of 3" dia. piping to the Peak distribution system.

13. A scheme to improve the Stanley District Water Supply was approved and a Paterson Pressure Filtration Plant to deal with 200,000 gall. per day was ordered from England. Tenders for the construction of two covered service reservoirs were called for at the end of the year, one of 200,000 gall. capacity and the other of 80,000 gall. capacity. The latter is intended principally for the New Prison. During the year the following lengths of main were laid at Stanley:-714 feet of 6", 1,248 feet of 5′′, 2,438 feet of 4′′ and 4,146 feet of 3′′.

14. In Kowloon and New Kowloon the following mains were laid:-850 feet of 12", 4,285 feet of 8′′, 575 feet of 6′′ and 3,606 feet of 4′′, 9,126 feet of subsidiary mains were also laid in back lanes. At the Air Port 920 feet of 6" main were

j

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laid. At Taipo 3,657 feet of 6", 1,230 feet of 3" and 525 feet of 2" piping were laid to complete the scheme. At Un Long 450 feet of 6", 870 feet of 5′′ and 1,370 feet of 4′′ mains were laid. The scheme was completed in June and a satisfactory supply maintained to the end of the year.

15. A small supply scheme for Castle Peak was investigated.

16. The second sections of the Dragon's Back and Mount Parker Catchwaters were completed during the year thus completing the construction of catchwaters under the scheme. Two roller sluice gates were ordered from England to byepass the discharge of the Tytam Tuk East Catchwater when Tytam Tuk Reservoir is full.

17. The laying of the second Cross Harbour Pipe (18" diameter) was completed during the first half of the year.

area

RECLAMATIONS.

18. A sea wall extending 700 feet eastwards from M.L. 431 was constructed to low water level on the seaward limit of the area to be reclaimed at North Point, about two acres of this were reclaimed. The construction of a length of about 700 lineal feet of sea wall at Kennedy Town together with a live stock landing were completed to cope level and approximately one acre of the area at the back of the sea wall was reclaimed. About 300 feet of sea and quay walling were completed at Ma Tau Kok and an area of approximately one acre reclaimed. The rubble foundations of the sea wall at Kun Tong were extended a distance of 800 feet, making a total of 3,500 lineal feet and the sea wall to protect the southern section of the reclamation was constructed for a distance of 900 lineal feet. Over 2,000,000 cube yards of harbour dredging have been dumped within the protected area bringing an area of about twenty acres up to the level of low water approximately.

ELECTRICAL WORKS.

19. Works in hand or completed were:-Installations for the new buildings constructed under the Architectural Office and rewiring a number of Hospital, Police and Quarters etc. blocks in Hong Kong and Kowloon.

20. Improvements and additions were made in twenty-two buildings in Hong Kong, six. buildings in Kowloon and five buildings in New Territories. Sixty fans and thirteen tele- phones were installed in various buildings. Illumination work was carried out in connection with the Jubilee Celebration.

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21. Sections of submarine cable were laid.

22. Wireless: -A beacon transmitter was installed at Cape D'Aguilar. Two new rebroadcasting receivers were received and installed. Two medium/long wave receivers and two short wave receivers were taken into use at Observatory Marine and Meteorological W/T Station. W/T for Air Services is in hand. New Creed transmitters and keyboard perforators were installed in the Radio Telegraph Office. A Government W/T School was started in the General Post Office Building.

23. In addition to minor works the usual maintenance of Wireless Stations, telephones, lights, fans, bells, lifts, ferry pier hoists, traffic lights, etc., was carried out. The installations were all maintained in good order.

$

BUILDINGS Ordinance OFFICE.

24. The volume of new building works coming under the jurisdiction of the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance, shewed a slight decline when compared with 1934. The industry was nevertheless fairly actively engaged.

25. The plans approved were largely for works of alteration and additions to existing domestic buildings. In contrast to this however, many works of magnitude in the nature of Banks, Office Blocks and Factories etc., were dealt with.

26. Amongst the more important works for which plans were approved were:-New Factory of the British American Tobacco Co., Ltd. on Gloucester Road; new quarters at the French Convent, Causeway Bay; new station and flats at the Lower Peak Tramway Station, Garden Road; new Church at Causeway Bay; Industrial School on Third Street; office block at No. 10 Queen's Road, Central; school for the Italian Convent on Caine Road; large block of flats and garages on Plantation Road; new building for the Salesian Fathers on Island Road, Shaukiwan; swimming pool and retaining walls at Repulse Bay; new Central British School on Argyle Street; extension to St. Mary's School on Austin Road; Maryknoll Convent School on Waterloo Road and Boundary Street; sub-station for the China Light & Power Co., Ltd., on Chatham Road; engineering work- shop for the China Light & Power Co., Ltd. on Dyer Avenue; site formation for large residential and day school at Hau Pui Loong; motor bus shelters at Tsim Sha Tsui; private hospital en Kiu Kiang Street; widening and lengthening of pier at the Kowloon Wharf & Godown Co., Ltd; Chinese hotel on Nathan Road; and Dispensary on Yee Kuk Street.

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33. Reclamation of Inland Lots Nos. 3538, 3539 and 3540 and Kowloon Marine Lot No. 102 were completed. Reclamation of Kowloon Marine Lot No. 97 is still in progress.

34. A landslip occurred on Kowloon Inland Lot No. 3311. There were no casualties.

35. The Chinese Cemeteries in Hong Kong, Kowloon and New Kowloon were maintained in good order, provision was made for additional burial areas where required. A new area to be known as New Kowloon Cemetery No. 7, situated to the east of Ngau Shi Wan, has been laid off. Development of this- Cemetery will be undertaken during 1936.

Chapter XIII.

JUSTICE AND POLICE.

I. THE COURTS OF HONG KONG.

The Supreme Court of Hong Kong consists of a Chief Justice and one or more other judges. At present there is one other judge.

2. The jurisdiction of the Court is regulated by a number of Ordinances but generally it may be said that the Court exercises. a Summery Jurisdiction in all actions where the claim does not exceed $1,000 and an Original Jurisdiction in all actions where the claim exceeds that amount.

3. In addition to the above the Court exercises Admiralty, Probate, Divorce, Bankruptcy, Lunacy, Criminal and Appellate Jurisdiction.

4. The following is a brief summary of litigation and matters dealt with during the year 1935:

2,126 actions were instituted in the Summary Jurisdiction and the amounts for which judgment was given totalled $303,976.00.

353 actions were instituted in the Original Jurisdiction and the amounts for which judgment was given totalled $1,359,593.34.

10 actions were instituted in the Admiralty Jurisdiction. 426 grants were made or grants of other courts sealed in the Probate Jurisdiction.

160 persons were indicted in the Criminal Jurisdiction of whom 122 were convicted.

15 appeals were lodged in the Appellate Jurisdiction 10 of which were disposed of during the year.

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Two Criminal appeals were lodged and both were disposed of during the year.

5. The lower civil courts are the land courts in the Northern and Southern districts of the New Territories, with jurisdiction over land cases in those districts, and the small debts courts of the same two districts. In these courts the District Officers sit to hear land and small debts cases.

6. The lower criminal courts are the magistrates' courts, two for Hong Kong island and a small area on the mainland opposite Shaukiwan, two for Kowloon, including the whole area south of the Kowloon hills, and one each for the two districts of the New Territories, in which the District Officers are the magistrates.

7. The following figures show the amount of work done by the lower courts in 1935:-

Civil:

District Officer North,"

Land Court

Small Debts Court

District Officer, South,"

Criminal:

Land Court

Small Debts Court

Hong Kong Magistracy, two courts Kowloon Magistracy, two courts District Officer, North, one court District Officer, South, one court

II. THE POLICE.

40 cases.

146

,,

209 cases.

96

52

34,425 cases.

22,302

"

1,675 402

""

8. The Police Force of the Colony is under the control of the Inspector General of Police who is assisted by one Deputy Inspector General and twelve Superintendents. The force con- sists of four Contingents, European, Indian, and two Chinese, viz., Cantonese and Weihaiwei. The strength of the different Contingents is as follows:-

Europeans

Indians

Chinese (Cantonese)

Chinese (Weihaiwei)

265

798

712

300

In addition the Police Department controls the Anti-Piracy Guards, a force consisting of thirty-seven Russians and twenty- seven Indian Guards including three Sergeants together with four European Sergeants and one hundred and eight Wei-hai-wei

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14. The health of the prisoners generally was well main- tained in the prisons.

15. The discipline in all three prisons was good.

16. Prisoners are employed at printing, bookbinding, shoemaking, tinsmithing, matmaking, tailoring, carpentering, weaving, gardening, laundry work, cleaning and minor repairs to buildings. The bulk of the Government printing and book- binding is done in Victoria Gaol.

IV. REMAND HOMES.

17. During the year 205 boys underwent sentences of detention for various crimes at the Remand Home for Juveniles (Boys), not under Prison administration and 58 girls underwent detention at the Remand Home for girls. The boys are given instruction in elementary reading and writing, as well as in rattan work, which teaches them a trade. The girls are given employment in house-work, laundry, and making and mending clothes. There are recreation facilities at both Homes.

There are also four Probationer Officers, two males and two females.

Lady visitors attend the Female Prison twice weekly to instruct long sentence prisoners in needle work.

18. Visiting Justices inspect and report on the prisons every fortnight.

Chapter XIV.

LEGISLATION.

Fifty-four Ordinances were passed during the year 1935. These and also the Regulations, Rules, By-laws and other subsidiary legislative enactments are published in a separate volume by the Government Printers. The fifty-four Ordinances comprised two appropriation, fifteen replacement, five incorpora- tion, four consolidation, twenty-three amendment and five which were new to the Colony.

2. The Appropriation Ordinance No. 40) applied a sum not exceeding $23,840,416 to the public service for the year 1936, and Ordinance No. 30 appropriated a supplementary sum of $635,424.27 to defray the charges of the year 1934.

·

3. Of the fifteen replacement Ordinances, the Urban Council Ordinance (No. 7) substituted an Urban Council for the Sanitary Board, and repealed various Public Health and Buildings Ordinances. The Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordinance (No. 8) replaced the Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance, 1896. The

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Public Health (Quarantine and Prevention of Disease) Ordinance, (No. 12), repealed certain portions of the Merchant Shipping Ordinance, 1899, and enacted new provisions regarding quarantine and the prevention of disease among human beings. The Public Health (Food) Ordinance (No. 13) granted wider powers to the Urban Council for the maintenance of public health in relation to food than the similar powers possessed by its predecessor, the Sanitary Board. Similarly under the Public Health (Sanitation) Ordinance (No. 15), the Public Health (Animals and Birds) Ordinance (No. 16), the Buildings Ordinance (No. 18) and the Hawkers Ordinance (No. 22), the Urban Council was given more effective powers than those possessed by the Sanitary Board for the control of sanitation, animals and birds, buildings, and hawkers. The Lepers Ordinance (No. 25) replaced the Lepers Ordinance, 1910. The Falsification of Documents Ordinance (No. 33) replaced the Corrupt Practices (Documentary) Ordinance, 1865. The Official Signatures Fees Ordinance (No. 37) replaced various Official Signatures Fees Ordinances. The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Ordinance (No. 44) replaced the Live Stock Import and Export Ordinance, 1903, making more effective provision for the protection of animals. The Infants Custody Ordinance (No. 48) replaced the Infants Custody Ordinance 1886. The Separation and Maintenance Ordinance (No. 49) replaced the Married Women (Desertion) Ordinance, 1905, and the Sand Ordinance (No. 50) replaced the Sand Ordinance, 1934.

Ordinances Nos. 7, 8, 9, 13, 15, 16, 18 and 22 did not come into operation until the 1st January, 1936.

Ordinance No. 12 never came into operation and was repeal- ed and replaced by a new Ordinance early in 1936.

4. Ordinance No. 3 incorporated the Director of the Ambulance Department of the Order of St. John in Hong Kong and the Treasurer and Secretary of the Hong Kong Branch of the St. John Ambulance Association as Custodian Trustees of the Hong Kong Branch of the St. John Ambulance Association. Ordinance No. 4 incorporated the Cheero Club of Hong Kong. Ordinance No. 47 incorporated the Hong Kong Travel Association.

Ordinance No. 51 incorporated the Hong Kong Branch of the Girl Guides Association. Ordinance No. 53 incorporated the Administrator in Hong Kong of the Catholic Mission of Macao. These Ordinances followed the usual lines in such cases.

5. The following Ordinances, viz:-Larceny (No. 32), Dangerous Drugs (No. 35), Deportation of Aliens (No. 39) and Medical Registration (No. 41), consolidated and to some extent amended the existing law on these subjects.

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6. The twenty-three amending Ordinances covered a wide range of subjects, viz:-Asylums (No. 1), Public Health and Buildings (No. 2), Tobacco (No. 5), Tung Wah Hospital (No. 6), Boarding House (No. 9), Rating (No. 10), Liquors (No. 11), Telephone (No. 14), Peak Tramway (No. 17), Magistrates (No. 18), Stamp (No. 20), Jury (No. 21), Immigration and Passports (No. 23), Companies (No. 24), Merchant Shipping (No. 28), Pensions (No. 29), Crown Solicitors (No. 31), Summary Offences (No. 36), Estate Duty, and New Territories Regulation (No. 38), Defence Contribution (No. 43), Volunteer Amendment (No. 45), Probates (No. 46), Ferries (No. 52).

Ordinance No. 38 does not come into operation until 1st January 1937.

7. Similarly the subsidiary legislation covered a wide range of subjects including: -Public Places Regulation, Foreign Re- cruiting, Marriage, Merchant Shipping, Civil Procedure, Public Health and Buildings, Vehicles and Traffic Regulation, Importa- tion and Exportation, Post Office, Dogs, Motor Spirit, Nurses Registration, Liquors, Juvenile Offenders, Industrial and Re- formatory Schools, Pensions, Factories and Workshops, Police Force, Prisons, Cremation, Adulterated Food and Drugs, Build- ings, Dangerous Drugs, Air Navigation.

8. The Ordinances new to the Colony were the Tokens Ordinance (No. 26), the Lunacy (Payment of Public Allowances) (No. 27), False Personation (No. 34), Dollar Currency Notes (No. 42) and Currency (No. 54). Of these Ordinances No. 26 prohibited the making, issuing and circulating of metal tokens in the Colony, Ordinance No. 27 regulated the manner of pay- ment of emoluments, pensions, etc., to persons certified mentally incapable of managing their affairs, Ordinance No. 34 provided penalties for persons convicted of false personation, Ordinance No. 42 empowered the Treasurer to issue one-dollar currency notes in the Colony, and Ordinance No. 54 provided for the establishment and management of an Exchange Fund.

Chapter XV.

PUBLIC FINANCE & TAXATION.

The following tables show the Revenue and Expenditure for the five years 1931 to 1935 inclusive.

1931

Revenue. Expenditure.

Surplus.

$33,146,724

$31,160,774 $1,985,950

Deficit.

1932

33,549,716 32,050,283 1,499,433

1933

32,099,278 31,122,715

976,563

1934

29,574,286 31,149,156

$1,574,870

1935

28,430,550 28,291,636 138,914

48

2. The revenue for the year 1935 amounted to $28,430,550 being $2,155,100 less than estimated and $1,143,736 less than the revenue obtained in 1934.

3. Duties on imported liquor and tobacco were less than estimated as they are on a sterling basis and were reckoned on an exchange rate of $1-1/4 whereas the average rate throughout the year was over 1/11. Assessed Taxes fell short of the estimate by $169,609 due to vacant tenements, and large shortfalls were shown in the Opium Monopoly of $297,286 due to competition of illicit opium; in Stamp Duties of $132,349 owing to trade depression. Receipts from the Kowloon-Canton Railway were also $281,225 less than estimated owing to river boat competition and fewer local passengers to Shum Chun. Land Sales again were much below the estimate. Increases were shewn under Water Excess and Meter Rents due to more metered services. China Companies Registrations were up by $51,576. Market fees also showed an increase of $45,440 as new markets were opened.

to

4. The expenditure for the year 1935 amounted $28,291,636 being $4,264,466 less than estimated and $2,857,520 less than the expenditure in 1934.

5. Ordinary expenditure amounted to $25,030,568, Public Works Extraordinary to $2,801,919 and Naval Arsenal Yard & Kellet Island to $459,149. Large savings were made under Personal Emoluments when compared with estimates, provision being made for $12,701,739 but only $10,248,600 was expended. Under Other Charges savings were also effected the total provision being $4,632,853 against $3,730,038 expended.

6. Debt. The public debt of the Colony consists of two issues. The 4% Conversion Loan raised in 1933 amounting to $4,838,000, the Sinking Fund of which, established in 1934, amounted on 31st December, 1935, to £31,222.4.4. Secondly the 31% Dollar Loan raised in July, 1934. Bonds to the amount of $14,000,000 were issued at 99% producing $13,860,000. This loan is redeemable by drawings at par in each of the twenty-five years commencing in 1935 at the annual rate of one twenty fifth of such issue. During the year $560,000 was redeemed thus reducing the amount outstanding to $13,440,000. Ordinance No. 11 of 1934 governs this issue and authorises the Governor to borrow up to a total of $25,000,000. The total public debt of the Colony on 31st December, 1935, amounted to $18,278,000 equal to about 9 months revenue as things are at present.

49

7. The Assets and Liabilities of the Colony on the 31st December, 1935, are shewn in the following statement:

LIABILITIES.

$

C.

ASSETS.

GA

$

C.

DEPOSITS:

ADVANCES:

Contractors and

Officers Deposits.

533,338.40

Chinese

Suitors Fund

10,436.05

Insurance Com-

Purchase of three Locomotives for

Section

Kowloon Canton Railway

27,468.26

panies

1,713,304.57

Miscellaneous

258,639.18

Pending Re-im-

Miscellaneous De-

bursements from

posits

1,830,312.85

future loan

4,182,298.66

House Service

Building Loans

776,220.94

Account

26,873.51

Imprest Account

Subsidiary Coin

50,828.31

135,347.75

Government House

Note Issue Account...

1,280,000.00

and City Develop-

Crown Agents Re-

ment Fund

Trade Loan Reserve.

836,407.12

mittances

1,069.63

Trade Loan Out-

1,080,801.79

standing

548,500.50

Praya East Re-

clamation

Coal Account

Nickel Coinage

112,175.27

Account

573,500.00

Exchange Adjust-

6,155.14

ment

23,197.49

Unallocated Stores,

Note Security Fund.

1,280,000.00

(P.W.D.)

519,408.60

Nickel Coinage

Unallocated Stores,

Security Fund

....

573,500.00

(Railway)

137,495.69

Suspense Account

269,793.38

Cash Balance:

Treasurer

3,089,636.07

Crown Agents

35,495.82

Total Liabilities.

8,003,304.70

*Joint Colonial Fund

256,000.00

Excess of Assets

over Liabilities

12,387,668.51

Fixed Deposits:-

General Insurance

.$6,050,000.00

Companies 1,713,304.57 Miscellaneous 462,768.36

Total...$ 20,390,973.21

*Joint Colonial Fund £18,000 Os. Od.

8,226,072.93

Total...$ 20,390,973.21

:

50

8. Main Heads of Taxation.--The largest item of revenue is derived from the assessment tax, the sum of $6,130,391 being collected in 1935. This represents 21.56% of the total revenue or 21.75% of the revenue exclusive of land sales. The rates vary from 15% to 17% on the annual value of property and are for police, lighting and water services, etc. Port and Harbour Dues comprising Light Dues and Buoy Dues brought in the sum of $485,607.

9. Duties on intoxicating liquors realized $1,573,324, tobacco $2,703,866, postage stamps and message fees $1,759,660. A considerable sum is also derived from the opium monopoly, land revenue, stamp duties including estate duties and other fees. Land Sales during the year realized $244,957. The receipts of the Kowloon-Canton Railway which was completed in 1910 amounted to $1,411,675.

10. Customs Tariff.-There is an import tariff on all liquor, tobacco and light oils imported into the Colony for sale or use therein. There is no export tariff. The sale. of opium is а Government Monopoly, and all importation of opium other than by the Government is prohibited. The importation of Dangerous Drugs is regulated in accordance with the terms of the Geneva Convention. Arms, ammunition, explosives and dangerous goods are subject to the normal Harbour and Police Regulations in regard to storage and movement. A special Foreign Registra- tion fee of 20% of the value of a motor vehicle is payable in respect of any vehicle not produced within the British Empire.

11. The duties on imported liquor range from $0.60 per gallon on beer to $1.20 on Chinese liquor and to $10 on sparkling European wines. The duties are collected on a sterling basis, the conventional dollars in the tariff being converted at a rate which is varied from time to time according to the market rate of exchange between the local dollar and sterling. A 50% reduc- tion in duty is allowed in respect of brandy grown or produced within the British Empire.

12. The duties on tobacco range from $0.63 per lb. on the lowest taxed unmanufactured tobacco to $2 per lb. on cigars. The duties are collected on a sterling basis in the same manner as the liquor duties.

13. A duty of 25 cents per gallon is payable on all light oils imported into the Colony.

14. Excise and Stamp Duties.-The same duty is imposed on liquors (mainly Chinese type) manufactured in the Colony as on imported liquors, but prior to March 1935 was not payable on a sterling basis.

2

3

1

.

51

15. Stamp Duties are imposed on various instruments and where a consideration is involved are mainly ad valorem. The following are examples of the duties charged:-Affidavits, Statu- tory Declaration, etc., $3; Bills of Exchange (inward) and Cheques, 10 cents; Bills of Lading, 15 cents when freight under $5, 40 cents when freight $5 or over; Bond to secure the pay- ment or repayment of money, 20 cents for every $100 or part thereof; Conveyance on sale, $1 for every $100 or part thereof; Mortgages, principal security, 20 cents for every $100 or part thereof; Life Insurance Policy, 25 cents for every $1,000 insured; Receipt, 10 cents for amounts over $20; Transfer of Shares, 20 cents for every $100 of market value.

16. No Hut Tax or Poll Tax is imposed in the Colony.

BAR

R. A. C. NORTH,

Colonial Secretary.

52

Appendix.

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF GENERAL INTEREST RELATING TO HONG KONG,

Title.

Price.

Agents for sale.

$

Sessional Papers (Annual)

Blue Book (Annual)

Ordinances-Ball's Revised Edit- ion (In 6 Volumes) 1844-1923 Regulations of Hong Kong 1844-

1925

Ordinances and Regulations

(Annual)

Administration Reports (Annual) Estimates (Annual) Government Gazettes (Weekly)

Meteorological Bulletin (Month-

ly)

Hong Kong Trade and Shipping

Returns (Monthly)

Do. (Annual)

Hansards (Annual)

Historical & Statistical Abstract of the Colony of Hong Kong 1841-1930

2.00 Colonial Secretariat and

Government Printers.

3.00 Colonial Secretariat, Govern- ment Printers and Crown Agents for the Colonies, London.

90.00

Do.

30.00 Colonial Secretariat.

3.00 Colonial Secretariat, Govern- ment Printers and Crown Agents.

5.00 Colonial Secretariat. 3.00 Government Printers.

.50

Government Printers and

Crown Agents.

10.00 Government Printers.

per annum

2.00 Government Printers and

Crown Agents.

2.00

5.00

Do.

South China Morning Post,

Hong Kong.

4.00 Colonial Secretariat.

The Hong Kong Naturalist

(Quarterly)

2.00

Hong Kong University.

liong Kong: A Guide Book

1.00

Kelly & Walsh, Ltd. and Brewers' Bookshop, Hong Kong.

Hong Kong: Around and About,

by S. H. Peplow & M. Barker

5.00

Do.

Echoes of Hong Kong & Beyond

by L. Forster

1.50

Do.

Title.

53

APPENDIX,-Contd.

Price.

Agents for sale.

$

Picturesque Hong Kong The Tourist Guide 1936 The Dollar Directory 1936 A Hong Kong Sketch Book Hilly Hong Kong

1.25 Brewers' Bookshop.

1.25

1.00

Do.

Do.

2.50 Kelly & Walsh, Ltd. 1.00

Do.

Sections on Hong Kong will be found in the annual "China Year Book" published by the North China Daily News and Herald Ltd., Shanghai (London Agents Simpkin Marshall Ltd.) price $20.00, and the annual "Directory and Chronicle of China, Japan etc." published by the Hong Kong Daily Press at Hong Kong, Price $12.00 and obtainable at their London office at 53, Fleet St., for £2.

TAI SHAR

MA CHAU

113° 32' E. LONG.

OF GREENWIGH.

MAP OF HONG KONG AN

•

NAM TAU SHANG

WAN HA

SHUI WAR TAU

WAN TEMPLE

NSIN

(SUN

NGON

ON)

HAU HOI WAN OR DEEP BAY

TAI SHUI HANG

PING SHAN

SAN HUI

P.S.

CASTLE PEAK

LUNG KU TAN,

1918

LUNG KU

SHA CHAD

CHỮA LƯ KOK

CASTLE

MA WAN

SHA LO WANG

TUNG WAN SHAM WAI

CHU TAM

་

CHUNG

PAK MONG

MA WAN CHURG

P.STUNG CHEUNG

LAN TAU

LAN TAU PEAK

3066

Pul

SHU! HAU

SHA TAU

TO CANTON

• PO KAK

SHAN CHUN

LO

TA KU LING P.S.

CHAU

SHEUNG SHUL

SHENU HUI

P.S.

SAN

FAN LING

MAI PO

GOLF CLUB

CANTON

CHUK YUN

UN LONG

AU TAU

P.S. MAGNETIC OBSERVATORY

KAK TIS

TRI LAM CHUNG

TSING I.

TSING CHAU

1 PAK

TA! KOK

CHEUNG SHA LAN

HUNG SHU MAN KOK

KAP SHUI MUN PASS

TAI MO SHAN

3141

TSUEN WAN

SHUN

TAI PO

HI!

WLOON

WON 10

LOX LO HA

1620

LAI CHI KOK

IKOWLO

SHAM SHUI PO

STONECUTTERS I.

P.S

P.ST/K

YAU MA TI

HUN

KÖY OON

ROYAL OBSERVA` „Tsim Sha Tsui

VICTORIA

HAR

KAU 1. CHAU

GREEN I.

PING CHAU

CHAU KUNG

VICTORIA

PEAK

NI KU CHAU

MONG TUNG WAN.

CHUNG HAI

CHEUNGE

SCHAU

SUN

SAI A CHAU

TAI A CHAU

O

TAI WAN

WEST LAMMA CHANNEL

SCALE OF MILES

LAMMAI

1809

P.S.

HONG

ABERDEEN

DEEP WATER

EAST LAMMA CHANNEL

2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

SOK KU WAN

STAR

22° 9' N. L

J

ND NEW TERRITORIES.

KUI

SHAN

SHEUNG TUNG

SHA 1 CHUNG

STARLING INLET

• KUK PO

WO HING

SHUN WAN

TING KOK

LO HA

KAT O

CROOKED 1s.

ROUND I.

CRESCENT 1.

WANG LING TAU

PLOVER COVE

DOUBLE

BLUFF HEAD

PORT 1.

TOLO CHANNEL

TOLO HARBOUR

THREE FATHOM COVER

TIDE COVE

SHA TIN

P.S.

1620/

KO TONG

GRASS i.

TAP MUN

MIRS

BAY

LONG

HAR

TANG KA WAN

TAL LONG

CHIK KANG

FUNG HEAD

TAI SHUI HANG

SHEK HANG

FUNG BAY

CHIN HANG PAK TAM CHUNG

SAI WAN

LAN NAI WIN

SAI KUNG

PAK KONG.S.

IMTIN

PAK WAI

LION ROCK

KOWLOON PEAK

1975

NGAU CHI NHÁN

TAI PO TSAI

KOWLOO

TSENG KWAN O

STKWA WAN NGAU TAD, KOK

HING HOM KUN TONG!

BSERVATORY

TSU

P.S.

724

DEVILS PEAK

FU TAU CHAU

LYEMUN PASS

SHAU KI WAN P.

S.

CHAI WANI.

JEL

N.

KONG

P.S.

STANLEY

C.COLLINSON

TYTAN B.

WONG

MA KOK

BEAUFORT

OR

LO CHAU

SHEK O

W.T. S.

C. D. AGUILAR

SOON KONG

PU TOI I.

LAT.

MAIN ROADS

BRANCH ROADS

STREAMS

RAILWAY

POLICE STATIONS

HIGH I.

Kɛui 1.

• LEUNG SHÜM WAN

TOWN 'I.

PAN LONG WAN

*BASALT I.

NINEPIN GROUP

NINEPING

FAT TONG MUN

NAM TONG I.

WAGLAN

REFERENCES

P.S.

NAVIGATION LIGHTS.

WIDEIROS TelecolDU STATIONE

W. T. S

WONG MO HUI

TIP FUK

SHIU TAU SHA

PING. CHAU

MIRS

NAH O

114° 30'

E. LONG. OF GREENWIGH.

Appendix A.

HONG KONG.

REPORT ON THE FINANCES FOR THE YEAR 1935.

The Revenue for the year amounted to $28,430,550 and the Expenditure was $28,291,636. Revenue therefore exceeded Expenditure by $138,914. The approved estimated revenue for

the year was $30,585,650 while the revised figure was

$28,328,034, a decrease of $2,257,616. The approved estimate of expenditure for the year was shown as $32,556,102, and the revised estimate amounted to $28,481,000. The actual expendi- ture was $189,364 below the revised estimates.

2. The following statement shows the Revenue and Ex- penditure for each of the years of the last decade:-

Year.

Revenue.

Expendi- ture.

Surplus.

Deficit.

$

$

$

$

2,393,134

499,471

1926...... 21,131,582 23,524,716

1927...... 21,344,536 20,845,065

1928...... 24,968,399 21,230,242 3,738,157

1929...... 23,554,475 21,983,257 1,571,218

1930...... 27,818,473 28,119,646

1931...... 33,146,724 31,160,774 1,985,950

1932...... 33,549,716 32,050,283 1,499,433

1933...... 32,099,278 31,122,715

1934...... 29,574,286 31,149,156

1935...... 28,430,550 28,291,636

REVENUE.

301,173

976,563

1,574,870

138,914

3. The largest individual item of revenue is derived from the assessment tax, the sum of $6,130,391 being collected. This represents 21.56% of the total revenue or 21.75% of the revenue exclusive of land sales.

.

- A 2

4. In the following table the actual revenue for the year 1935 is compared with the revenue of the previous year and with the estimate for 1935.

Heads of Revenue.

Actual 1934.

Estimates 1935.

Actual

1935.

$

C.

$.

C.

Duties

Port & Harbour Dues Licences and Internal

5,707,389.28 565,457.69

5,513,000 610,000

5,173,837.40 485,607,00

Revenue

not

Post Office

otherwise specified

Fees of Court or Office, Payments for specific purposes, and Reimburse- ments in Aid

Kowloon-Canton Railway

14,662,796.51 14,592,850 13,781,702.70

2,214,626.85 2,189,250 2,076,322.24 1,829,297.90 1,850,000 1,759,660.09

1,639,775.07

1,692,900

1,411,674.73

Rent of Government Property, Land

and Houses

1,648,524.29

1,683,000

1,646,595.88

Interest

196,573.71

330,000

248,540.41

Miscellaneous Receipts

551,371.70

1,524,650 1,601,652.57

29,015,813.00]

558,472.57

29.985,650 28,185,593.02

600,000

244,956.56

Total (exclusive of Land Sales) Land Sales, (Premia on New Leases)

Total...

.$ 29,574,285.57

30,585,650 28,430,549.58

5. The actual revenue for the year fell short of the estimate by $2,155,100. The largest decreases occurred in Duties $339,163, Port and Harbour Dues $124,393, Licences and Internal Revenue, etc., $811,147, Post Office $90,340, Kowloon Canton Railway $281,225, Interest $81,460,

Interest $81,460, Land Sales $355,043, but receipts from Miscellaneous Receipts increased by $77,003.

6. The principal increases over the amounts as estimated were as follows:

Licences and Internal Revenue not Otherwise Specified:-

Estimate. Actual. Increase.

Vehicles Motor Special Licens- ing fees. Foreign Registration.

More Foreign vehicles

imported.

Estate Duty

One large estate account- ed for $277,511.

Water Excess Supply & Meter

Rents

More metered services.

$

$

$

16,000

30,447

14,447

1,000,000 1,011,609 11,609

1,900,000 2,031,978 131,978

A 3

Fees of Court or Office Payments for Specific Purposes and

Reimbursements in Aid:

Estimate.

$

Actual. Increase.

$

China Companies

150,000

201,576 51,576

More Registrations.

Medical Examination of Emi-

grants

100,000

156,310

56,310

Increase in number of.

Emigrants.

Possession

25,000

33,907

8,907

More distress warrants and

writs of execution issued.

Official Certificates

3,000

12,132. 9,132

Certificate for export of

lard.

Fumigating & Disinfecting Fees.

New Service..

Kowloon-Canton Railway.

9,678

9,678

Incidental Line

Estimate. Actual. Increase.

Revenue, Home

15,000 29,644 14,644

Increase of Platform tickets, confiscated goods, etc.

Auxiliary operations, Foreign

Haulage

Increase due to through trains during Jubilee Cele- bration and Double Tenth celebration.

273,000 289,641 16,641

Rent of Government Property, Land and Houses.

Estimate.

Actual.

$

$

Markets

342,000 387,440

New markets opened.

Increase.

$

45,440

· A 4

Miscellaneous Receipts.

1

Estimate. $.

Actual.

Increase.

$

$

Conservancy Contracts

240

14,772

14,532

New Contracts and Fees

for removing nightsoil at Peak not previously charged.

Other Miscellaneous Receipts...

100,000

156,140

56,140

Royalty payable

by

China

Motor Bus Co.

110,000

118,275

8,275

Royalty payable by Hong Kong

& Yaumati Ferry Co.

90,000 99,782

9,782

More passengers carried.

7. The principal decreases over the amounts as estimated were as follows:-

Duties.

Estimate.

Actual. Decrease.

$

$

$

Import Duty on Liquor

950,000

855.035

94,965

Less consumption and

Higher Exchange.

Import Duty on Motor Spirit

675,000

663,327

11,673

Less Consumption.

Import Duty on Perfumed

Spirit

68,000

53,321

14,679

Less Consumption and

Higher Exchange.

Import Duty on Tobacco

2,750,000 2,703,866

46,134

Less Consumption and

Higher Exchange.

Duty on Locally Manufactured

Liquor

1,070,000 898,288

171,712

Less Consumption.

Port and Harbour Dues.

Estimate.

Actual.

Decrease.

$

$

$

Light Dues

480,000

348,697

131,303

Higher Exchange.

1

A 5-

Licences and Internal Revenue not otherwise specified.

Estimate. Actual.

Decrease.

$

$

$

Liquor Licences

390,000

347,597

42,403

Trade depression.

Opium Monopoly

650,000 352,714

297,286

Decrease in

Sales and

270,000

164,043

105,957

competition of illicit opium.

Pawnbroker Licences

Many pawnshops closed.

Assessed Taxes (Rates)

Vacant tenements.

Bets and Sweeps Tax

Less Betting and fewer

Sweeps.

Entertainment Tax

Fewer attendances.

Stamp Duties

Trade depression.

Fines

Variable.

Building Covenant Fines

Variable.

6,300,000 6,130,391 169,609

220,000

124,347 95,653

270,000 210,153 59,847

2,100,000 1,967,651 132,349

205,000 132,488 72,512

15,000

3,529

11,471

Fees of Court or Office, Payments for Specific Purposes, and

Reimbursements in Aid.

Estimate.

$

$

Actual. Decrease.

$

Court

100,000

85,296

14,704

Fewer filings.

Deeds Registration

87,500 73,514

13,986

Fewer deeds registered.

Gunpowder Storage

45,000 28,572

16,428

Less explosives stored.

Public School Fees

265,000

239,954 25,046

Fewer pupils.

Sunday Cargo Working Permits.

110,000

69,931 40,069

Reduced

charges from

1/1/35.

Medical Treatment

100,000

88,849 11,151

Less Private Paying

Patients.

Widows and Orphans' Pen-

sions Contributions

Higher rate of exchange.

367,000 288,683

78,317

Post Office.

Estimate. Actual. Decrease.

$

$

$

Message Fees

630,000

602,295

27,705

Higher Exchange.

Postage

1,220,000 1,157,365.

62,635

Reduction in rates.

Kowloon-Canton Railway.

Estimate. Actual. Decrease.

$

$

$

Passenger Service, Passenger

Foreign Line

600,000

498,397

101,603

Fewer passengers owing to river boat competition.

Passenger Service, Passengers

Home Line

690,000 492,123

197,877

Fewer local passengers.

Rent of Government Property, Land and Houses.

Estimate. Actual. Decrease.

$

$

$

Lands Not Leased

350,000

289,433

60,567

Fewer permits.

Leased Lands (Crown Rent

Exclusive of N.T.):.

590,000 569,165 20,835

More arrears.

Interest.

Estimate. Actual. Decrease.

$.

$

$

Interest

330,000

248,540

81,460

Higher Exchange.

Miscellaneous Receipts.

Estimate. Actual.

$

Decrease.

$

Royalty payable by the

Kowloon Motor Bus Co., Ltd.

Fewer passengers.

132,000 117,505

14,495

Land Sales.

Estimate.

$

$

Actual. Decrease.

$

Premia on New Leases ·.

Estimate not realised.

600,000

244,957

355,043

:

8. A list of the alterations and additions in General Taxation, Postage Rates and of the increases and adjustments in Licence Fees and other Receipts during year 1935 is shown in the following Schedule.

Heads.

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From

1.-DUTIES.

Import Duty on Motor Spirit

(Drawback on mixtures and admixtures).

3.-LICENCES & INTERNAL REVENUE.

(A) Licences.

Dogs Special fee for the Fanling pack of hounds

Liquor-Publican's licence and Hotel Keeper's licence under a Class A

permit for 1st hour. each subsequent hour.

under a class B permit for 1st hour. each subsequent hour.

"1

""

Restaurant Adjunct Licences, Exten- sion for private party for 1st hour

>>

each subsequent hour.

$0.25 per gallon on any 5th July, 1935. duty paid light oil

content of mixtures and admixtures ex- ported from the Colony.

$25.00 p.a. in respect of 25th October, 1935.

the whole pack of

hounds.

$25.00

Flat fee of $50.00

$50.00

per each hour of

$10.00

extension.

$20.00

$10.00

$20.00

22nd April, 1935.

""

,,

""

A 7 -

VAZOSTAĆA KWE

Heads.

(B) Internal Revenue.

Assessed Taxes-Refunds of Rates

Stamp Duties.

Cashier Order if passed through a bank other than bank of issue

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Water Excess Supply & Meter Rents.

Filtered Water

$0.75

4. FEES OF COURT, &c.

(A) Fees.

Official Certificates.

Certificates of Origin issued by S.I.E.

$5.00

Survey of Steamships.

Inspection & Stamping of life-buoys

Effective From

Concession

to owners who elect to have rates for vacant tenements refunded by floors.

$0.10

1st July, 1935. (temporary conces- sion granted from 1st Jan. to 30th June, 1985).

18th April, 1935.

$0.50 per 1,000 gallons. 2nd October, 1935.

$1.00

14th February, 1935.

$0.25 for each life buoy 7th February, 1935.

with a minimum fee

of $5.00.

A:8

ך'

3

Heads.

Old Fees.

New Fees.

Effective From

5.-POST OFFICE.

Postage: Subject to despatch via Imperial

Airways

Air Mail letters 80 cents

"

per oz.

Postcards 50 cents.

$0.50

$0.32

6th May, 1935.,

To Sudan, Uganda Ken-

ya Tanganyika N. & S. Rhodesia & Union of South Africa.

$1.00 inclusive rate for 8th November, 1935. letters of oz.

6.

A 10

Expenditure.

9. The expenditure for the year amounted to $28,291,636 against an estimate of $32,556,102 a decrease of $4,264,466. The total sum of $28,291,636 is made up as follows:

Ordinary Expenditure

Extraordinary Expenditure Public Works...

Naval Arsenal Yard & Kellet Island

$25,030,568

2,801,919

459,149

Ordinary Expenditure for the year was $25,030,568 against $27,364,990 in the preceding year showing a decrease of $2,334,422.

In the following table the actual expenditure for the year 1935 is compared with the expenditure of the previous year and with the estimates for 1935.

'

唔

A 11

Estimates.

Heads of Expenditure.

Actual 1934

Actual 1935.

1935

C.

$

C.

His Excellency the Governor

155,716.31

163,644 143,775.73

Colonial Secretary's Office and

Legislature

283,443.13

330,194

264,137,70

Secretariat for Chinese Affairs

141,831.49

153,906

127,624.04

Treasury

Audit Department

235,752.18

274,700

206,413,70

101,857.39

116,432

91,239,18

District Office, North

67,365.49

90,413

60,061,01

Do.,

South

41,790.00

45,533

43,911,09

(4)-Post Office

443,263.66

520,002

435,035.92

(B)- Do. Wireless Telegraph

Services

158,301.08

180,337

159,841.33

Imports and Exports Office

364,104.95

425,190

325,530.35

(4)-Harbour Department

976,609.75

1,302,090

958,087,22

(B)- Do. Air Service

50,957.36

70,915

63,599.79

Royal Observatory

60,587.19

70,655

56,333.76

Fire Brigade

328,282.13

322,555

265,832.15

Supreme Court

249,032.71

252,468

192,180.67

Attorney General's Office

63.432.77

54,256

40,919.33

Crown Solicitor's Office

41,788.82

54,314

45,355.06

Official Receiver's Office

22,832.02

24,655

20,126.56

Land Office

52,896.92

73,158

54,529.31

Magistracy, Hong Kong

78,215.85

101,042

60,347.93

Do., Kowloon

38.731.99

46,472

38,488.67

Police Force

2,808,047.57

2,989,761

2,435,772.05

Prison Department

829,798.71

875,441

748,120.33

Medical Department

1,505,264.05

1,780,233

1,403,605,94

Sanitary Department

1,051,797.13

1,186,291

920,862.32

Botanical & Forestry Department...

127,403.14

130,649

117,447.55

Education Department

1,781,163.76

1,981,700

1,702,205.44

Kowloon-Canton Railway

(A)-Volunteer Defence Corps

Force

(C)-Military Contribution

Miscellaneous Services

989,167.28

984,513

920,863.98

...

153,222.62

140,168

112,667.49

(B)-Hong Kong Naval Volunteer

35,987

28,387.41

5,068,138.79

4,741,452

4,763,943.26

1,960,653.92|

1,616,210

1,701,858.02

Charitable Services

163,959.57

191,867

228,990.13

Charge on Account of Public

Debt

1,233,582.62

1,410,431

1,410,431.00

Pensions

Public Works Department

Do.

Recurrent

1,748,117.11 2,070,000 1,555,604.56 2,304,640.98 2,556,918 1,935,335.58 1,683,239.71 1,612,100 1,391,102.74

27,364,990.15 28,976,652 25,030,568.30

Public Works Extraordinary

Naval Arsenal Yard & Kellet

Island

TOTAL ...

31,149,155.66|

3,784,165.51 3,079,450 2,801,919.07

32,056,10227,832,487.37

500,000

459,148.94

31,149,155.66

32,556,10228,291,636.31

- A 12

-

10. Decreases were shewn on all Heads of Expenditure with the exception of the following:-

Defence (c) Military Contribution

Excess. $ 22,491.26

This Contribution is based on the estimated revenue for the year and the adjustment in respect of the actual revenue of the previous year. One twelfth of that estimate is paid monthly. As the actual revenue for 1934 exceeded the revised estimate the adjustment provided for in 1935 Estimates was insufficient.

Miscellaneous Services

Excess.

$ 85,648.02

The Principal increases on this Head were as under: Depreciation of Sterling Funds $298,233 due to the higher dollar sterling exchange. Rent allowances to Senior Officers, European Subordinate officers and Asiatic Subordinate Officers accounted for $26,702, $25,197 and $16,073 respectively. The vote for telegrams was exceeded by $9,695. The Silver Jubilee Celebration cost $42,587 and a special vote of $25,000 was made to the Hong Kong Travel Association. On the other hand large savings were made due to higher exchange the principal of which were Transport of Government Servants $266,329, Stationery $70,324, Crown Agents Commission $11,018. Also many small savings on sterling grants-in-aid to Institutes were due to higher exchange.

Charitable Services

Excess.

.$ 37,123.13

A

The General Chinese Charities Fund was exceeded by $47,482 owing to financial assistance being granted to the Tung Wah, Kwong Wah and Tung Wah Eastern Hospitals. special grant of $10,000 was also made to the Little Sisters of the Poor for building extension. On the other hand savings were made on other subheads to the extent of $20,358.

The principal heads shewing decreases were as follows:-

Post Office.

A saving of $52,877 was made on Transit Charges due to higher exchange.

Imports and Exports.

A saving of $24,963 on opium was due to higher exchange. The Revenue Reward item of $1,000 and the $2,200 for partial rearming of Revenue officers were not drawn on.

A 13

Harbour Department & Air Services.

Owing to the lower contract rate $72,707 was saved on Coal and Oil Fuel for launches, $36,252 on repairs and stores for launches and boats. The new Police launch No. 1 completed only $92,006 being paid instead of $180,000 as estimated.

Police Force.

was not

Higher Exchange accounted for a saving of $5,842 on ammunition, $31,813 on Clothing and Accoutrements, $58,542 on Passages. Wireless for Mobile Police estimated at $5,000 was not purchased. Lower contract rate accounted for $8,308 in Rations.

Prisons Department.

Savings of $5,546, $7,917 and $5,291 were made owing to higher exchange on Clothing for Staff, Prisoners and Material for Repairs. Lower contract rates accounted for savings of $3,744 and $2,680 on fuel and rations respectively.

Medical Department.

The main decreases were $45,420 on medicines, etc., due to higher exchange and $50,567 on provisions for patients owing to lower contract rates.

Sanitary Department.

Conservancy cost $13,837 less than anticipated. Upkeep of Lorries, Vans, etc., cost $14,918 less than estimated owing to fewer replacements. The 2 deep draft barges estimated at $22,000 were replaced by 2 towing barges and a saving of $12,250 effected.

Education.

Higher Exchange caused savings on many of the small subheads of this department a further decrease of $3,494 was shewn for medical expenses and a saving of $2,775 on University Examination fees was made due to fewer students.

Kowloon-Canton Railway.

In spite of greater mileage run a saving of $6,876 on coal was made due to lower contract prices. Sleepers cost $3,781 less than estimated. Higher exchange accounted for a reduction in the cost of reconditioning two locomotive boilers by $8,787 and in the cost of new bodywork for coaches by $7,401.

Volunteer Defence Corps.

As no suitable type of armoured car was available $3,908 out of a vote of $18,500 was only spent.

:

Pensions.

A 14

The under expenditure on this vote of $514,395 can be attri- buted almost entirely to the higher sterling value of the dollar. Public Works Department.

A saving of $10,012 was made on Upkeep of Motor and Steam Rollers. Pending a decision on Wireless Telegraphy policy the purchase of Transmitting and Receiving Equipment was not proceeded with resulting in a reduction in expenditure of over $110,000. A saving of $4,340 was made on furniture due to increased workshop production. One commercial chassis estimated at $4,500 was not purchased.

Public Works Recurrent.

Expenditure was curtailed resulting in savings of $70,038 on Maintenance of Buildings $52,320 on Roads and Bridges. Under the new agreement street lighting cost less and a saving of $16,285 was effected on the Island. Less expenditure than was anticipated accounted for a reduction of $42,879 in main- tenance of Water Works.

Public Works Extraordinary.

The total estimate of $3,079,450 was under expended by $277,530.93. There was a gross increase on certain subheads of $278,315.85 offset by savings on other subheads of $555,846.78. The principal excesses over the amounts originally estimated were Upper Levels Police Station $12,673 as the contract was completed earlier than estimated. New 100-foot Road between Causeway Bay and Quarry Bay $115,128 owing to rapid progress in the work, Magistracy at Yaumati $21,629 for the same reason, Rubble Mound at Sung Wong Toi $11,715 owing to extra dredging, Kowloon Tsai Development $23,989 cost of raising low lying areas to surrounding level. The following are some of the more important works which were not estimated for originally but provided by Supplementary Votes during the year, Victoria Hospital, Hot Water system $11,114, Telephone Cable to Shaukiwan $8,632, Kowloon Hospital Additions $4,490, Con- struction of landing place opposite Arsenal Street $3,423, Widening of Plunkett's Road $4,000. Decreases were recorded on most of the subheads the general explanation being that less work was done than anticipated. The more important decreases are Government Civil Hospital $118,368, certain indents not executed in time to be charged during the year, Wanchai Market $40,615 progress delayed owing to non-arrival of steel frame, Trade School, $23,555, second instalment on contract not paid during the year, New Central British School $104,065 work not commenced as early as anticipated, Drainage Works New Kowloon $30,967 less work required.

Naval Arsenal Yard & Kellet Island.

Of the amount of $500,000 voted the sum of $40,851 was retained pending decision on the question of the wire rope way.

:

A 15

11. Statement of Assets and Liabilities on

December, 1935.

LIABILITIES.

$

C.

ASSETS.

the 31st

$

C.

DEPOSITS:

ADVANCES:

Purchase of three

Contractors and

Locomotives for

Officers Deposits

533,338.40

Chinese Section!

Kowloon - Canton

Suitors Fand

10,436.05

Railway

27,468.26

Insurance Com-

panies

Miscellaneous

Pending Reim-

258,639.18

1,713,304.57

bursements from

future loan

4,182,298.66

Miscellaneous

Deposits

House Service Ac-

count

Government House & City Development Fund

1,830,312.85 Imprest Account

Building Loans

776,220.94

50,828.31

Subsidiary Coin

135,347.75

Note Issue Account...

1,280,000.00

26,873.51 Crown Agents Re-

mittances

1,069.63

Trade Loan Out-

standing

548,500.50

836,407.12 Nickel Coinage Ac-

count

573,500.00

Trade Loan Reserve..

1,080,801.79 Exchange Adjustment

23,197.49

Unallocated Stores,

Praya East Reclama-

tion

(P.W.D.)

519,408.60

112,175.27 Unallocated Stores,

(Railway)

137,495.69

Coal Account

6,155.14 Suspense Account

269,793.38

Cash Balance:

Note Security Fund..

1,280,000.00

Treasurer

3,089,636.07

Crown Agents

35,495.82

Nickel Coinage

*Joint Colonial

Security Fund ......

573,500.00

Fund Fixed Deposits:-

256,000.00

Total Liabilities... 8,003,304.70 General $6,050,000.00

Excess of Assets over

Liabilities

12,387,668.51

Insurance

Companies 1,713,304.57 Miscellaneous 462,768.36

8,226,072.93

Total......$ 20,390,973.21

*Joint Colonial Fund £18,000.0.0.

Total......$ 20,390,973.21

A 16

-

12. The excess of Assets over Liabilities on the 1st January 1935 was $12,248,755. On the 31st December 1935 this sum had increased to $12,387,669 the difference of $138,914 is the excess of Revenue over Expenditure as recorded in paragraph 1 of this Report.

13. The balance of moneys not required to meet current requirements was lent to the Joint Colonial Fund which amounted to £18,000 and is shown in the above statement as $256,000. This fund is replenished by remittances from the Treasury and is drawn on from time to time as required by the Crown Agents.

14. The cash balance of $3,089,636 with the Treasurer included $434,831 held by the Official Receiver on account of Companies Liquidation and Bankruptcy. This latter figure also forms part of the sum of $1,830,313 shewn under Miscellaneous Deposits as a liability.

15.

31% DOLLAR LOAN ACCOUNT.

ORDINANCE No. 11 of 1934.

Item

Statement of Expenditure as at 31st December, 1935.

1. Aberdeen Valley Water Scheme

2. Shing Mun Valley Water Schemes:-

First Section

$2,555,702.78

$ 636,765.59

Second Section:

Preliminary Works

.$

36,718.84

Filters

120,045.23

2nd Cross Harbour Pipe

173,348.32

Gorge Dam

3. Vehicular Ferry

4. New Gaol at Stanley

5. Tytam Tuk Catchwater

6. Air Port Development:-

Aerodrome

Air Port and Seaplane Slipway Wireless Telegraph Station

7. Redemption of 33% Sterling Inscribed Stock

6,023,127.03

6,353,239.42

6,990,005.01

1,867,977.51

1,450,711.32

644,368.44

$ 20,485.92 583,931.92 64,172.79

668,590.63 3,864,942.97

8. Other Public Works

18,042,298.66

Of the above amount the sum of $4,182,298.66 was charged against surplus balances pending the issue of a further loan.

A 17-

ADVANCES.

16. Purchase of three locomotives for the Chinese Section Kowloon-Canton Railway.

The Chinese Section commenced paying off this advance in July, 1932, at the rate of $10,000 per month and the original amount outstanding has been reduced from $447,468.26 by $420,000 to $27,468.26.

17. During the year the Unallocated Stores varied as under:-

Balance at 31st December

Public Works Department Kowloon-Canton Railway

1934

1935

$573,052

$519,409

170,372

137,496

$743,424

$656,905

TRADE LOAN ACCOUNT.

to

18. During the year one sum of $5,000 was received on Capital Account reducing the amount outstanding $548,500.50. The total capital now written off amounts to $136,263.30. The reserve account increased to $1,080,801.79 and therefore exceeds the capital outstanding by $532,301.29. It is possible that during the financial year 1936 the whole or a portion of this may be credited to revenue.

The following table shows the financial position of this account as at 31st December, 1935:

Loans Issued since 16th November, 1925, on

approved securities

Less Redemptions effected during the years

-$2,604,930.00

$15,633,582.97

1926

1927

1928

1929

1930

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

4,845,879.76

3,403,560.02.

1,356,536.86

1,280,842.65

832,241.62

451,828.26.

147,000.00

21,000.00

5,000.00

14,948,819.17

Less amount written off as irrecoverable.....

Total of. Loans

Loans outstanding on 31st

December, 1935

684,763.80 136,263.30

$ 548,500.50

"

ཐུ

— A 18 —

Interest in arrears on 31st December, 1926....

""

"

.$117,369.42

31st December, 1927.

206,818.64

31st December, 1928.

321,121.10

""

""

31st December, 1929..

416,237.93

31st December, 1930..

398,641.94

"

31st December, 1931..

307,152.89

"

""

""

31st December, 1932. 31st December, 1933.. 31st December, 1934... 31st December, 1935...

209,087.15

195,714.76

178,789.42

177,089.42

Total number of Loans issued since 16th November, 1925...302

Less number redeemed in 1926...........

19

""

"

12

""

''

"

.34

1927..

.85

1928..

.87

1929...

..29

1930...

..35

1931.

.13

1932.

.11

7

1933.

1

1934.

1935..

296

3

299

Equity of Redemption purchased

1 in 1929, 2 in 1935

Number of Loans outstanding on 31st December, 1935...... 3.

PUBLIC DEBT.

19. The inscribed Stock Loans of 1893 and 1906 amounting to £1,485,733 were redeemed on 15th October, 1934, and the whole of the Public Debt of the Colony is now in Hong Kong currency.

The 4% Conversion Loan raised in 1933 amounted to $4,838,000 and the sinking fund established in 1934 amounted at 31st December last to £31,222,.4.4.

In July, 1934, a 31% Dollar Loan was raised to finance certain public works (see para. 15) and to redeem a portion of the sterling inscribed stock. Bonds to the amount of $14,000,000 were issued at 99% producing $13,860,000. The Loan bears 31% interest and is redeemable by drawings at par in each of the twenty-five years commencing in 1935 at the annual rate of one twenty-fifth of such issue. During the year Bonds to the value of $560,000 were redeemed thus reducing this loan to $13,440,000...

1

A 19

Ordinance No. 11 of 1934 governs this issue and authorises the Governor to borrow up to a total of $25,000,000. The total public debt of the Colony on 31st December, 1935, amounted to $18,278,000-equal to about 9 months revenue as things are at

present.

NOTE CIRCULATION.

20. The local circulation of notes and Government Certi- ficates of Indebtedness for the three banks having authorized issues were as follows at 31st December:

܀܂

Notes in Circulation.

Government Certificates of Indebtedness.

;

Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking

Corporation

Chartered Bank of India, Aus-

tralia and China

Mercantile Bank of India, Ltd.

Total ......

$112,322,143 $109,124,607.20

21,763,985

8,300,000.00

•

2,131,162

1,151,200.00

$136,217,290 $118,575,807.20

Under the authority of Ordinance No. 42 of 1935 the Government on the 11th November commenced issuing $1 notes and on the 31st December, 1935, $1,280,000 were in circulation.

EXCHANGE.

21. The average monthly rates for sterling and Shanghai dollars were as follows:

January

.1/8 923

121.038

February

.1/9 551

118.534

March

.1/11 788

121.077

April

.2/1 777

130.674

May

.2/4 721

140.731

June

.2/3 636

139.696

July

.2/1 476

134.577

August

.2/0 034

134.077

September

..2/0

131.208

October

.1/11 837

134.731

November

.1/5 840

114.600

December.

.1/3 872

109.438

The opening rate of the year on January 2nd was 1/81d., the closing rate on December 31st was 1/33. The lowest rate quoted during the year was 1/33 on 13th December and the highest rate 2/6 on the 27th April.

2

:

A 20-

GENERAL.

22. The estimates for the year were based on $1-1s./4d. and a deficit of $1,970,452 was estimated for. The final figures for the year, however, showed a small surplus of $138,914. Revenue decreased by $2,155,100 and Expenditure decreased by $4,264,466 when compared with the original estimates. The monthly rates for sterling are given in the preceding paragraph and shew a wide range. The average rate for the whole year was 1/11.9/16. Large savings were therefore made on Personal Emoluments when compared with the Estimates, provision being made for $12,701,739 but only $10,248,600 was expended. Some of this under expenditure is accounted by vacancies in office and changes in personnel but by far the greater part is due to the rise in the sterling value of the dollar.

23. Under "Other Charges' savings were also effected, the total provision being $4,632,853 against $3,730,038 expended. Pensions cost $1,555,605 as against $2,070,000 estimated, a reduction of 514,395.

24. Opium Sales again fell very much below the estimate, the deficit amounting to $297,286. The following are the receipts from this source for the last 5 years:

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

$ 3,019,724

2,314,226

1,152,852

655,068 352,714

25. The revenue from Estate Duties at $1,011,609 was slightly more than the estimate of $1,000,000. The receipts from Water Excess Supply and Meter Rents exceeded the estimate of $1,900,000 by $131,978 and in this connection it is to be noted that during the last quarter of 1935 the price was lowered from 75 cents per 1,000 gallons to 50 cents per 1,000 gallons with a discount of 15% to those persons who pay their accounts within 14 days.

26. Following wide fluctuations in exchange, discrepancy between the exchange value of the silver dollar and its bullion value, and the imposition in 1934 of variable duties by the Chinese Government on the export of silver from China, the Hong Kong Government on 9th November, 1935, prohibited the export of silver, and on the 5th December, 1935, a Currency Ordinance was passed calling in silver coin from circulation, and setting up the machinery which now controls the exchange value of the Hong Kong dollar. Briefly, this consists of an Exchange Fund, with power to buy and sell foreign exchange, which has taken over the silver formerly held against their issues by the note-issuing banks, in return for certificates of indebtedness against which the Fund may hold silver or foreign exchange,

..

A 21

27. The legal tender of the Colony is now as follows:-

(a) Bank notes, the excess of which over the fiduciary issue is now backed by the Government certificates of indebtedness mentioned above.

·

(b) Government $1 notes, of which $1,280,000 were issued to prevent a shortage of currency at the beginning of the new system. These may ultimately be replaced by $1 bank notes.

(c) 10 cent and 5 cent cupro-nickel coins.

(d) 1 cent copper coins.

(e) The silver dollars and .800 fine silver sub-coin (10 cent and 5 cent pieces, and a few 50 and 20 cent pieces) which have either remained in circulation in the Colony or filter back into it from the mainland of China, are still legal tender in the Colony (sub- coin only up to an amount of $2).

28. Exchange fluctuated to an unusual extent throughout the year. Not since the calamitous collapse of 1920 has there been so wide a difference between high and low. During the first half of the year the course of exchange was generally upward from 1/8 in January to 2/6 in April. Thereafter rates declined steadily to 1/11 in September and fell rapidly towards the end of the year to the low level of 1/33. With little variation the official quotation has remained round about that rate up to the date of this Report. Continued silver purchases by America accounted for the early buoyancy. The later fall was due to Chinese speculation stimulated by uncertainty as to the outcome of political and economic difficulties in China and prevailing doubts as to the continuity of the silver-buying policy of the United States. The fall was later accelerated by rumours of projected stabilization of the dollar by the Government of China. Speculators bought sterling heavily and in the absence of market support the downward movement continued until the Govern- ment of China proclaimed on 3rd November the nationalization of silver throughout the country and announced a policy approxi- mating to a managed currency at the then prevailing rate of 1/24, or about forty per cent below silver parity.

29. In this Colony the course of events in China was followed with increasing concern. Better support was forthcoming from the Banks and our rates therefore responded more slowly to the downward tendency. As a result the premium on the Hong Kong Dollar over the Chinese Dollar gradually rose to a maximum of 45 per cent in late October. This disability to local trade with China was ended by the decision of the Hong Kong Government on 5th December to manage the local dollar without undue fluctuations,

4

;

3

:

- A 22

The consequent fall from 1/5 to 1/3 was fortunately unattended by any very marked disturbance in local banking circles, as Hong Kong commitments were mainly on foreign account.

30. The relative stability of silver prices in New York and London during the period of falling exchange led to considerable smuggling of silver out of China in evasion of the heavy duties imposed for the purpose of conserving the metallic backing of the nation's currency. Silver stocks in this Colony were mainly earmarked against Bank note issues, but such free silver as was available in the market or surplus to the note reserves was exported and much of the silver smuggled from China passed through this port for shipment abroad. The export of silver from Hong Kong was prohibited as from 9th November.

31. The value of silver exports during the period of rising exchange and during the later period when exchange was falling is shown as under:

EXPORTS OF BULLION AND SPECIE FROM HONG KONG

January to June 1935

$24,156,038

(EXCLUDING GOLD).

July to December 1935

$150,661,908

32. The adoption of a managed currency in this Colony is a concession to the accepted principle that Hong Kong is bound to China in its currency policy, in so far as any wide divergence of the Hong Kong Dollar from the Chinese Dollar means a dislocation of trading facilities. There can be no doubt as to the prudence of the measures adopted by China to check the depletion of the national reserves.

33. So far as Hong Kong is concerned, a basic change of this significance involves too many uncertainties to warrant any prediction as to the future. Stability of exchange is said to be the first step towards rehabilitation of trade, and a managed currency should promote confidence in the machinery of our commerce. It is not, however, to be expected that it will restore to merchants markets lost by tariff barriers, cheap foreign labour and subsidized competition. Its fullest effect will be felt in proportion as the manufacturing and producing resources of the Colony are developed. The slight expansion evident on these lines during recent years can give rise to no confident optimism as to the immediate future, though such enterprises that may be exploited will escape the risk of violent fluctuations in exchange that have proved frequently disastrous to promising ventures in the past.

A 23

34. The real progress that Hong Kong made latterly was in banking and finance. Bullion operations on а fluctuating exchange created arbitrage markets in Hong Kong and Shanghai comparable only with New York, Paris and London. There are twenty-two banks actively engaged in Foreign Exchange in Hong Kong-this without considering a great number of Chinese native banks dealing indirectly in bullion operations. There are more banks in Hong Kong than in Calcutta, or Bombay, or Singapore. The increase in their number within recent years is due principally to a feeling of unrest with banking conditions in China. Exchange operators have greater confidence in the security of the fiscal policy of this Colony. There can be no doubt that the 'management" of the Dollar will very seriously affect the business of these

of these Exchange Banks. Interbank operations, that have hitherto accounted for, say, seventy per cent of our immense banking turnover, have come almost to a standstill. Outport orders for covering operations have ceased, and banks consequently are almost idle.

35. Trade returns for the past three years are here tabulated for comparison:-

IMPORTS (excluding Treasure)

EXPORTS (excluding Treasure)

1933

1934

1935

$500,938,794

415,918,522

364,989,519

1933

1934

1935

.$403,092,170

325,104,653

271,033,363

These figures call for no comment, as they merely reflect the general trade depression. Also, as they are subject to the wide fluctuations in exchange, deductions from them must be largely empirical.

36. Steady exchange at a low level has had a generally stimulating effect on the share market. Investors have more con- fidence, and with ample capital available in the Colony and public utility companies showing good returns a distinct revival of interest is evident and prospects are better than they have been for some time past. Property values are slower in recovery, but probably only comparatively so, having regard to the fantastic over-valuations a few years ago.

Bank notes in circulation show the following decline:-

December 1933

$157 millions

December 1934 $153 millions

December 1935 $136 millions

To the last mentioned figure must be added Government Notes in circulation totalling $1,280,000.

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A 24

37. There were two notable bank failures during the year under survey, both Chinese banks working on modern business methods. The Bank of Canton closed in September and has not so far re-opened in the Colony. This bank did a very con- siderable business in the remittances to China of the savings of overseas Chinese. The general practice of payees of these drafts, who are widely scattered throughout the country, is to retain the drafts until for some purpose they need the money. As a consequence outstandings, especially when local exchange is low, are generally very heavy. In this case the rise in exchange resulted in a flood of demands for payment for re- investment in foreign currencies. This, coupled with heavy drawings by other branches on the local concern proved too much for its cash resources, and consequent losses to the Chinese creditors were considerable. The other failure, that of the National Commercial and Savings Bank was due to the mass logic of small depositors who readily assume that the difficulties of one bank necessarily concern others. Broadly considered, its failure was due to the elementary banking error of investing short-term savings deposits in long term advances or in securities not immediately convertible. This bank has re-organised and recently reopened. The native banks working privately on Chinese domestic lines-and they are considerable in number and influence have been singularly free from difficulties. The banking interests of the Colony have never been sounder than they were at the close of the year, but the capital investment they represent has hitherto depended mainly on returns from exchange and bullion operations. The management of the dollar must inevitably bring about a serious decline in profits from this source.

THE TREASURY,

HONG KONG,

23rd April, 1936.

EDWIN TAYLOR,

Colonial Treasurer.

$

Appendix A (2)

REPORT TO THE DIRECTOR OF COLONIAL AUDIT ON

THE AUDIT OF THE ACCOUNTS OF HONG KONG 1935.

Subject to the comments contained in this report the accounts generally have been satisfactorily kept and rendered and the existing regulations appear to provide reasonable accounting protection against irregularities and fraud.

The Appropriation Account was received from the Treasurer on 14th July.

2. The relation between the excess of Assets over Liabilities for the years 1934 and 1935 is established as follows:

Excess 31st December 1934 .... $12,248,755.24

Revenue 1985 ......

Expenditure 1935

Excess of Assets 31st December

1935

28,430,549.58

40,679,304.82

28,291,636.31

$12,387,668.51

3. Detailed comparisons of the revenue and expenditure for the year with the approved Estimates and with previous years is dealt with fully in the Treasurer's Report (Enclosure M) and Statements (Enclosures C and D).

4. The revenue for the year ($28,430,549) showed a decrease from the previous year of $1,143,736 and fell short of the estimate by $2,155,100.

Expenditure ($28,291,636) was less by $2,857,519 than the previous year and showed a saving on the estimate of $4,264,466.

5. This saving of expenditure, due to a great extent to the rise in the sterling value of the dollar, enabled the year's working to show a surplus of $138,913 instead of the estimated deficit of $1,970,452.

A (2) 2

AUTHORITY FOR EXPENDITURE 1935.

6. The Estimates for the year received the approval of the Secretary of State in his Despatch No. 18 of 16th January and were passed by the Legislative Council in Ordinance No. 29 of 1934.

With the exceptions of items No. 113-127 embodied in Financial Messages Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 5 of 1936 which are still under reference to the Secretary of State all excesses on Heads and Sub-heads. have been covered by the necessary authority.

7. The 1935 Supplementary Appropriation Ordinance No. 28% of 1986 was passed by the Legislature on 24th July 1936 thus providing complete local authority for the expenditure of the year.

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LIABILITIES.

DEPOSITS.

8. Audit-has continued to press for the reversion to revenue of those deposits which under Colonial Regulation 330 or for other reasons have become no longer a liability on the Colony.

-----On examination of the Deposit Account "Footpaths and Drainage Connections? it was found that a profit of $12,200 covering the workings for a number of years was still included as a liability. Arrangements have now been made to transfer this amount to Revenue.

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Among other amounts so transferred are:

$89.80 Post Office Boxholders Deposits,

$80.00 Hospital Patients Deposits;

$51.28 Compensation Money held in Trust.

9. In this connection the attention of the Government was drawn to the steady accumulation of the fines imposed on lower grade subordinate officers under General Order 62 and placed on deposit in Fines Funds to be applied as occasion offered for the benefit of that class of officer. The greater portion of this deposit has remained unused for many years and Heads of Departments have now been invited to make recommendations in appropriate cases for the use of these funds.

矗

- A (2) 3-

GOVERNMENT HOUSE AND CITY DEVELOPMENT FUND.—

$836,407.12.

4

10. This represents the unspent balance of revenue from certain Land Sales specially appropriated under Ordinance 30 of 1934. The scheme is at present in abeyance.

TRADE LOAN RESERVE.-$1,080,801.79.

11. This reserve being now nearly double the Trade Loans Outstanding the transfer of a portion of it to Revenue in 1936 is under consideration.

PRAYA EAST RECLAMATION.-$112,175.27.

12. No working has occurred on this account during the year and the liability represents the estimated cost of work still to be completed.

ASSETS.

ADVANCES.

Three Locomotives for Chinese Section K.C.R.—

$27,468.26.

13. The repayment of this advance was regularly maintain- ed during the year and it was fully repaid in 1936.

EXCHANGE ADJUSTMENT.-$23,197.49.

14. At the close of the year £18,000 remained on deposit in the Joint Colonial Fund. This amount having been placed on deposit at a lower rate of exchange than that prevailing at the termination of the financial year the difference between the dollar values at the time of deposit and at the end of the year is carried as an Asset in the Accounts.

UNALLOCATED STORES P.W.D.-$519,408.60.

15. A reconciliation between the books of the Treasury and those of the Public Works Department is forwarded (Enclosure J). The standard stock is within the amount fixed by the Secretary of State.

UNALLOCATED STORES (RAILWAY).-$137,495.69.

16. The balance of this account is within the limit authoris- ed by the Secretary of State and a reconciliation between the balances shown in the Treasury and the Railway books is attached (Enclosure K).

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f

A (2) 4-

SUSPENSE ACCOUNT.-$269,793.38.

17. This Asset consists mainly of the cost of printing and manufacture of the new notes and coin referred to in paras. 23/24 and was placed in Suspense pending a decision as to the ultimate destination of this charge. It has been adjusted early in 1936.

The amount of $975,413 (vide para. 7 of last year's report), representing twenty per cent of the profit on certain exchange transactions over a number of years and credited to Military Contribution Suspense Account, was under the authority of the Secretary of State transferred to Revenue during the year.

TREASURER'S CASH BALANCE.

18. Following the Secretary of State's instructions that no expenditure should be charged against the accounts of a particular year unless actually disbursed within that year a General Order (No. 330) was issued, and the Board of Survey on the Treasury Cash held on 2nd January 1936 reported that all monies not disbursed at the close of business on 31st December 1935 ̊had been refunded to the votes concerned and cheques which had not been delivered to the payee were cancelled.

Similar action was taken, in corollary, with regard to receipts and this particular accounting irregularity referred to in preceding reports has now been rectified.

19. The Assets held by the Crown Agents have been sup- ported by the certificate of the Comptroller and Auditor General.

CURRENCY.

20. For reasons explained in the Treasurer's report the Government decided during the year to adopt a system of managed currency and in consequence several new features appeared in the Colony's accounts.

EXCHANGE FUND..

21. Under Currency Ordinance No. 54 of 1935 an Exchange Fund was created for the purpose of regulating the exchange value of the currency of Hong Kong.

This Fund is being kept entirely separate from the ordinary accounts of the Colony and is not reflected in the Colony's Balance Sheet though ultimately any profit or loss resulting from the operation of the Fund will be for Government account.

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·A (2) 5 -

22. The books of the Fund were opened on 6th December 1935 when Certificates of Indebtedness were issued by the Treasurer in exchange for silver coin and silver bullion sur- rendered in accordance with the Ordinance. The Fund is subject to audit by this department. No balance sheet has been submitted for the few days of 1985, but a balance sheet for the whole period to the 30th June 1936 will be submitted for audit in due course.

Surveys of the stock of silver handed over to Government and retained pending shipment by the three note issuing Banks were held and the results reported to you in Audit letter No.. 37/146 of 27th April 1986.

ONE DOLLAR NOTES.

23. In accordance with Ordinance No. 42 of 1935 1,280,000 of these notes were issued during the year the monies received being paid into a Note Security Fund, the amount appearing therefore as a liability and an asset in the Balance Sheet.

CUPRO NICKEL COINAGE.

24. At the same time as the One Dollar Notes were issued nickel coinage was issued and the proceeds placed to the credit of a Nickel Coinage Security, Fund. The amount $573,500 appears on each side of the Balance Sheet.

25. The procedure of accounting in these two cases has been fully reported to you in Audit letter No. 70/146 of 15th June 1936.

MEDICAL,

26. A new system of accounting for fees collected at the Government Civil Hospital was, without notification to audit, brought into use on 1st January 1935.

In examination it was found that a considerable number of receipts were being issued in duplicate and at the suggestion of audit the system was discontinued.

ARREARS OF REVENUE,

27. By arrangement with the Treasurer the returns of outstanding revenue were submitted at an earlier date than in previous years and verification with the departmental records was facilitated but even so the returns of some departments had after examination to be amended.

28. Of the $810,784 outstanding on 31st December 1935 $675,295 had been collected by the end of March, $34,500 was written off and action is being taken on the remaining $100,989.

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A (2) 6

29. Comparing the arrears with 1934 Assessed Taxes showed an increase of $70,886 and Water Excess Supply etc. of $65,853.

The collections during the first quarter of 1936 have, how- ever, been such as to counteract these increases and the position at the end of that quarter with regard to these particular items and in general compares favourably with the position in 1934.

PUBLIC DEBT.-$18,278,000.

30. The 4% Conversion Bonds, (Ordinance No. 15 of 1933) amounted to $4,838,000.00, and the Sinking Fund established in 1934 to £31,222. 4. 4. on 31st December 1935.

31. The Treasury record of Investments held by the Crown Agents in respect of the Sinking Fund has been verified with the Crown Agents' Accounts, together with interest due on the investments.

32. In respect of the Hong Kong 3% Dollar Loan (Ordinance No. 11 of 1934) the Public Debt was reduced during the year to $13,440,000, bonds to the value of $560,000 having been redeemed in accordance with Section 5 of the Ordinance.

The cancelled bonds and interest coupons due to the redemption were duly checked.

Interest paid to bondholders was supported by the sur- rendered coupons which were forwarded for audit.

LOAN ACCOUNTING.

33. A statement of Loan Expenditure as at 31st December 1935 is attached (Enclosure H).

In view of the number of irregularities in this portion of the accounting referred to in paras. 27 to 38 of last year's Report it will be as well to set out the position as it stands to date.

34. As regards the expenditure during 1935 authority to meet this from Surplus Funds was obtained by Resolutions of Council

28th March 1935

5th September 1935

$2,000,000.

$2,771,371.

both of which have received the approval of the Secretary of State, who also approved the re-appropriation of the items in the Loan Schedule as passed by Council.

A (2) 7-

A further re-appropriation has recently been authorised.

35. At the end of 1934 the excess of actúal expenditure over the loan actually raised was incorrectly shown in the Balance Sheet as an Asset under the title "Dollar Loan Account". This was partially corrected in May 1935 and subsequent balance sheets by showing it under the title "Advances pending Reimbursement from future loan" but the Dollar Loan account still remained as a main Ledger account.

36. It was not until June 1936 that the Secretary of State's instructions were received upholding the original con- tention of this department that the charge against the Dollar ́Loan Account was incorrect, and a Journal Entry has now been passed definitely closing this account and correctly, showing the expenditure as an Asset under Advances.

SHING MUN VALLEY WATER SCHEME.

37. These accounts have been satisfactorily kept and the Reconciliation of the Resident Engineer's Imprest Account. ($50,000) with the books of the Treasurer has been effected quarterly.

With the approach of the completion of the scheme arrange- ments are being made for the disposal of plant and material and a catalogue is being prepared for distribution to likely purchasers.

CHINA COMPANY FEES.

38. The annual local examination of the Registrar of Companies Account at Shanghai was made in September and the accounts audited to date. This source of revenue continues to increase and the collections for the year amounted to $201,576 as compared with $177,867 for the previous year.

MILITARY CONTRIBUTION.

39. Following discussions between the local and the Home authorities an Ordinance (No. 43) was passed during the year amending the 1901 Defence Contribution Ordinance.

Those sources of revenue which are excluded from assess- ment for Military Contribution are given in detail and the procedure with regard to certain quasi-commercial undertakings regularised.

A statement of the calculation for the year is enclosed (Enclosure 0).

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A (2) 8.-

SECRETARIAT FOR CHINESE AFFAIRS.

40. After representations by this department for a good many years the numerous semi-public charitable accounts over which a certain amount of control is exercised by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs have at length been separated from the accounts of purely Government revenue and expenditure collected and disbursed by the department.

41. Audit is now only concerned with these accounts in so far as the Treasury acts as banker. The accounts are subject to examination by authorised Chinese auditors.

KOWLOON-CANTON RAILWAY,

BRITISH SECTION.

42. A copy of the Manager's Report for 1935 of the British Section of the Kowloon and Canton Railway is enclosed (En- closure N). The accounts have been regularly rendered and satisfactorily kept.

43. The reduction (from 1st October 1934) of the British Section Share of terminal through traffic receipts from 35% to 28% is largely responsible for the decrease in the revenue ($1,411,674) as compared with the previous year ($1,639,775) but general business depression, as the Manager states, con- tinued throughout the year.

44. Arrangements were made in August 1935 for the issue of through passenger tickets between Kowloon and certain Stations of the Canton-Sam Shui Railway.

45. In spite of a reduction during September of 2% in the fares of the combined rail and bus tickets referred to in last year's report (para. 23) revenue was maintained.

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The division sheets for these sections of the traffic were examined and presented no difficulty, in audit.

46. The claims for haulage by British locomotives have been regularly met.

47. The store accounts were well kept throughout the year.

48. Thirteen surveys on the accounts of the Railway Head Office, Railway Stations and Stores were carried out during the year and call for no special comment.

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A (2) 9-

STORE ACCOUNTS.

49. The examination of the various Store Accounts calls for no special comment. Surprise surveys of Government Stores were made by this department during the year as reported in the Quarterly Returns. The stock of Ammunition etc. stored at the Gunpowder Depot was subject to periodical surveys according to audit programme.

MISALLOCATIONS TOO LATE FOR ADJUSTMENT.

50. A portion of the salaries and allowances of certain P.W.D. officials was incorrectly transferred from Expenditure Votes to the debit of a Sand Suspense Account which had been brought into operation during the year in connection with the Ordinance controlling the supply and issue of sand. The amount involved was $2,915 but next year these salaries will remain as a charge against the expenditure account.

A further misallocation was $45, credited to Postage which should have been credited to Fees of Court.

QUERIES.

51. Replies to queries have been promptly received and no queries on the year's accounts are outstanding.

Among the larger recoveries effected in audit are:

$91-Rent of Government Quarters uncollected. £82-Passage Money charged to Government in error. $129-Duty under-collected.

$100-Cargo permit uncollected.

$43-Acting Pay overpaid.

52. Exception was taken to a claim for travelling expenses incurred by an officer in 1931 amounting to G$447 ($924.80) being met in 1935, by which date supporting vouchers were not available. The Governor, to whom the matter was referred, authorised the payment of a round sum of G$400..

GENERAL.

53. Over a hundred surprise surveys of cash, stamps etc. held by departments were made during the year as reported in the Progress Returns but call for no special comment.

54. There has been no material departure from the approved Programme of Work.

P. L. COLLISSON,

Auditor.

12th August 1936.

Appendix B.

REPORT ON THE ASSESSMENT FOR THE

YEAR 1936-1937.

By order of His Excellency the Governor in Council a new valuation of the whole Colony has been made. The new Rateable Value amounts to $34,643,760 as compared with $36,374,100 last year, a decrease of $1,730,340 or 4.76 per cent, due to the further fall in rents, caused by the depression.

2. This is the second greatest decrease during the last fifty years, the greatest being 5.87% last year.

The following table gives a comparison of the Assessments for the year 1935-1936 and 1936-1937.

District

Valuation Valuation 1935-1936 1936-1937

Increase Decrease % Inc.1% Dec.

City of Victoria

$

22,621,874 21,311,014

$

$

$

1,310,860

5.79

H. K. Villages

3.504,962 3,447,126

57,836

1.65

Kowloon

8,044,854 7,740,267

304,587

3.79

New Kowloon

2,202,410 2,145,353

57,057

2.59

36,374,100 34,643,760

1,730,340

4.76

3. The decrease in the valuation of the City of Victoria is due to the further fall in rents and would have been greater but for the interim valuations of new buildings, notably the new Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank, the Bank of East Asia and Marina House.

4. The decrease under Hong Kong Villages is due to the fall in rents mainly of European and semi-European houses and flats.

5. In Kowloon and New Kowloon the decrease is the result of the continued fall in rents, chiefly of Chinese tenement houses.

6. During the 1935-1936 rating year, refunds of rates were granted for vacant floors of tenements where the owners had elected at the last Annual valuation to obtain this concession. This entailed the addition of a large volume of work, which however was carried out smoothly.

7. The number of tenements and floors reported vacant averaged 3,700 per month. It is estimated that the vacancies represent about 6% of the total rateable floors and tenements of the Colony.

10

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8. During the year ending 30th April, 1936, 1,538 Interin Valuations, as compared with 1,792 in the previous year, were made as follows:

New or rebuilt tenements

and tenements struc- turally altered

CITY OF VICTORIA

REST OF COLONY

No.

Rateable Value

No.

Rateable Value

470

990,289 686

578,615

Assessment

cancelled,

tenements resumed,

pulled down or being

in other respects not rateable

139

326,191 243

197,808

Number and Increase

609

664,098 929 350,807

9. The following comparative statement shows the Rateable Value of the Colony of Hong Kong from 1926-1927 to 1936-1937 inclusive:-

Year.

Rateable Value.

$

As compared with previous year

Increase. Decrease.

Increase. Decrease.

%

%

1926-1927 27.998,237!

1927-1928 29,016,439 1,018,202

3.64

1928-1929 30,395.447| 1,379,008

4.75

1929-1930 31,617,566 1,222,119

4.02

1930-1931 33,069,602 1,452,036

4.59

1931-1932 35,071,566 2,001,964

6.04

1932-1933 37,457,725 2,886,159

6.80

1933-1934 38,941,273 1,483,548

3.96

1934-1935 38,641,856

299,417

0.77

1935-1936 36,374,100|

2,267,756

5.87

...

1936-1937 34,643,760|

1,730,340

4.76

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10. In the ten years from 1926-1927 to 1936-1937 the rate- able value of the Colony has increased by $6,645,523 or 23.74 · per cent.

11. If the interim valuations are deducted from the new total valuation of the Colony, the decrease this year is 7.63 per cent as compared with 6.68 per cent last year.

12. Rents have continued to fall throughout the past rating year and they are still falling. There are few tenements that have not been affected in a greater or less degree. Generally speaking the total decrease in the individual valuations in the last three years has been anything from 5% to 65%, the latter limit only in rather exceptional cases.

This is the third successive annual valuation showing a decrease, the decreases being 0.77% in 1934-1935, 5.87% in 1935-1936 and 4.76% in 1936-1937, and this in spite of the fact that during the past three years the excess of interim valuations over cancellations amounts to $3,562,991.

the

There has been no instance of a decrease being shown in three successive annual valuations for the last 50 years, nearest approach being a decrease of 0.85% in 1915-1916 followed by a decrease of 0.03% in 1916-1917.

TREASURY,

15th June, 1936.

EDWIN TAYLOR,

Treasurer & Assessor.

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Appendix C.

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY FOR CHINESE AFFAIRS

FOR THE YEAR 1935.

REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.

(Tables I to III).

The Government Revenue derived from all sources during the year was $13,329.67 and the Government Expenditure was $127,624.04.

2. As is evidenced by the numerous tables attached to this Report, much of the work of the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs is concerned with the administration of funds that may be called semi-official. The Revenue in these cases is in very large part a matter of voluntary subscription by the Chinese Community and outside the Government Estimates, with Ex- penditure at the discretion of the Department and of the various Committees concerned.

3. Protection of Women and Girls and work under Ordinances Nos. 4 of 1897, 21 of 1929, 6 of 1893,

1 of 1923, 22 of 1929 and 2 of 1865.

The number of persons reported to the Po Leung Kuk as missing during the year was three who were not found as com- pared with two not found in 1934.

4. Nine names were added to the list of girls under bond. The number of names on the list on December 31st was eighty-seven.

5. Inspector Fraser, Inspector of Muitsai, went on leave on 18th May, 1935, and his place was taken by Inspector O'Connor who continued to act in this capacity until the end of the year. The inspectors, ably assisted by the two Assistant Chinese Lady Inspectors, continued to do good work in con- nection with Muitsai. At the beginning of the year the number of Muitsai on the register was 2,268 and at the end of the year this had been reduced by 339 to 1,929. This reduction is mainly accounted for by permanent departures from the Colony, restoration to parents or other relatives, and marriage. A total of 3,058 visits was made by the Lady Inspectors to the homes of Registered Muitsai in addition to their work with the male Inspector investigating numerous cases concerning Registered and Unregistered Muitsai. Numerous visits were

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also paid to ex-Muitsai who have obtained employment as domestic servants. It is noteworthy that at the end of the year 74 Registered Muitsai were attending school, the fees paid by the employers for the girls' education ranging from $5.00 to $30.00 per annum. Fourteen girls were sent to the Salvation Army Home and six girls to the Victoria Home: both these institutions are to be thanked for their co-operation which is always willingly given..

6. Eighty-five prosecutions were brought under the Female Domestic Service Ordinance and one hundred persons were convicted. These charges may be summarised as follows:

Ill-treatment of a Muitsai

Keeping an Unregistered Muitsai.

Bringing an Unregistered Muitsai into the Colony...

Failing to report the death of the former employer

of a Muitsai

Failing to report the disappearance of a Muitsai

Failing to report the intended removal from the

Colony of a Muitsai

Failing to report change of address

:-

2

36

3.

4

1

10

32

Failing to report intended marriage of a Muitsai ... Transferring Muitsai to another employer

8

1

Taking into employment a Registered Muitsai Failing to pay wages

1

2

100

7. In December, 1934, a committee was appointed by His Excellency the Governor to consider certain proposals forwarded by the Secretary of State on the subject of the Muitsai system in Hong Kong and to report on these and kindred matters. The members of the committee were:

Mr. F. H. Loseby, solicitor (Chairman).

Mr. Tang Shiu-kin, M.B.E., J.P.

Mr. J. M. Wong, J.P..

Miss D. Brazier, in charge of the Salvation Army Home

for Women and Girls.

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8. Mr. A. G. Clarke, Assistant Secretary for Chinese Affairs, was deputed to assist the committee in its investiga- tions, and to produce such documents as might be necessary to its deliberations.

9. The Report of the committee was presented to Government on the 6th September, 1935, and was published as Sessional Paper No. 8/1935.

10. There were also thirteen prosecutions and twenty-nine persons were convicted on charges connected with trafficking in minors (Ordinance 2 of 1865, Offences against the Person)...

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11. Under the Women and Girls Protection Ordinance, No. 4 of 1897, fifteen cases were brought and fourteen persons were convicted and two discharged. These were mostly cases of harbouring or procuring.

12. For a fuller report on the work of the Po Leung Kuk, see Annexe A of this report.

EMIGRATION,

(Ordinance 30 of 1915).

(Tables IV and V).

13. The number of Assisted Emigrants was 3,406, as compared with 1,565 in 1934. Although this number is com- paratively small as compared with the 8,316 who went in 1930 it may be taken as an indication that the worst of the depression is now over in the South Seas and that the demand for Chinese labour is again on the increase. The majority of these Assisted Emigrants went to the Netherlands. Indies. emigration to which countries was practically at a standstill in 1933.

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14. The number of women and children emigrants was 35,216 as compared with 33,467 in 1934. Most of these women and children went to Malaya, indicating that Chinese returning to that country are sufficiently confident of the improved situation to take their wives and children with them.

CHINESE BOARDING HOUSES.

(Ordinance 23 of 1917).

(Table VI).

15. At the end of the year there were 549 Boarding Houses of all classes as against 552 at the end of 1934. Eight convictions were obtained under the Ordinance as compared with seven in 1934.

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PERMITS.

(Ordinance 40 of 1932).

(Ordinance 22 of 1919).

16. 3,165 permits to fire crackers were issued, of which 2,322 were for weddings and the remainder for birthdays, shop-openings, etc. Seventy permits were issued for theatrical performances.

17. Other permits issued were twenty-nine for religious ceremonies and nineteen for processions.

REGISTRATION OF BOOKS.

(Ordinance 2 of 1888).

18. Twenty-six books were registered during the year as compared with thirty-one in 1934.

REGISTRATION OF NEWSPAPERS.

(Ordinances 25 of 1927 and 1 of 1930).

on

19. The number of registered Chinese newspapers December 31st was thirty-one of which five were registered during the year.

DISTRICT WATCH FORCE.

(Ordinance 23 of 1930).

(Table VII).

20. The District Watch Committee met on eleven occasions at the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs. In addition a meeting at which His Excellency the Governor presided was held at Government House. The following gentlemen served on the Committee throughout the year:-

Mr. Li Yau-tsun, C.B.E.

Hon. Sir Shouson Chow, Kt.

Mr. Tong Yat-chun.

Mr. Wong Iutung.

Dr. R. H. Kotewall, c.M.G., LL.D.

Mr. Li Po-kwai.

Hon. Dr. S. W. Tso, C.B.E., LL.D.

Mr. Li Yik-mui.

Hon. Mr. Chau Tsun-nin.`

Hon. Mr. Lo Man-kam.

Mr. Wong Ping-sun.

Mr. Tang Shiu-kin.

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21. Messrs. Lo Yuk-tong and Mok Tat-huen retired on the expiration of their ex-officio year of office as ex-Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital and Po Leung Kuk Committees respectively and were succeeded by Messrs. Lau Ping-chai and Ng Wah.

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22. The authorised strength of the Force is 140 and is composed as follows: 5 Head District Watchmen, 6 Assistant Head District Watchmen, 26 Detectives and 103 Uniform Men. The only difference in distribution of these posts as compared with 1984 is that the number of Assistant Head District Watchmen has been raised from 5 to 6 and the number of uniform men reduced from 104 to 103. The appointment of an additional Assistant Head District Watchman has greatly facilitated the supervision of discipline in Kowloon.

23. During the year 12 members of the Force were dis- missed, one resigned, two died and two were retired on pension. Recruits were obtained to fill these vacancies.

24. Inspector K. W. Andrew was in charge of the Force throughout the year and carried out his duties in a most satisfactory manner. The post of Inspector' in charge of the District Watch Force is of considerable importance; he is in control, almost single-handed, of a considerable body of men, is liaison officer between the Police and the District Watch Force, and must supervise the activities of the detective branch.

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25. The work of the Force has been very satisfactory. There are many dangers inherent in any policy which aims at the breaking of records in the matter of successful prosecutions obtained during the year and no such policy has been adopted during 1935 but the fact remains that several records have been broken. A total of 1,322 convictions in cases ranging from petty larceny to murder was obtained during the year, 37% of this total being obtained by the detective branch of the Force. The pickpocket squad again did very good work exceeding by 42 the record of 139 convictions for larceny from the person which was set up in 1934. As usual a special watch was maintained for traffickers in women and children and 22 convictions were obtained. During the Jubilee Celebrations the District Watch Force was called upon to perform long hours of arduous work in assisting the Police Force and during the latter months of the year they again successfully collaborated with the Police in measures taken to combat the outbreak of armed robberies in Kowloon. It is perhaps not generally realised that in addition to their ordinary police duties the District Watch Force carry out a great deal of very useful investigation in purely civil cases, wages and family disputes etc. which are

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brought before the Assistants of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs for settlement. These investigations require the exercise of considerable tact and patience and entail much unobtrusive and unsensational work the value of which is very apt to be overlooked.

1935:

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL AND MAN MO TEMPLE.

(Tables VIII to XXI).

(Ordinances 31 of 1930 and 10 of 1908).

26. The following gentlemen served on the Committee for

Mr. Peter H. Sin, Mr. Ng Chak-wa, Mr. Ko Fuk-san,

Mr. Ngan Shun-chi, Mr. Fong Mui-tsun,

Mr. To Kei-cheung,

Mr. Sin Wai-man,

Mr. Lei Pai-yin, Mr. Lo Wing-kit, Mr. Ho Kung-ping, Mr. Hong Nin.

27. On the 28th January the Hon. Mr. N. L. Smith, Secretary for Chinese Affairs, laid the foundation stone of a block of twenty tenement houses which the Committee of the Tung Wah Hospital are erecting on the site made available by the building of the new hospital in 1934. It is hoped that these houses may prove to be a profitable investment which will in time substantially increase the Hospital's endowment.

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28. Other events of importance in the history of the Hospital during the year under review have been the completion of a new Out-patients Department, the improvement in accom- modation provided for the nursing staff and the closing of the Tsai Lau Sho or Home for Destitutes.

29. The problem of the Tsai Laù Sho was one which had exercised the Committee of the Tung Wah Hospital for several years. Originally established to serve as a temporary resting place for destitutes awaiting repatriation, the Tsai Lau Sho had in the process of time developed into a cross between a nursing home and an alms-house with a semi permanent population of destitute incurables and helplessly aged persons of both sexes. It had been recognised that the building was old and dilapidated and quite unsuitable for any purpose other than that of a temporary rest house, but the great difficulty lay in finding suitable homes for the inmates who were, in the majority of cases, quite unable to fend for themselves...

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30. The Committee are to be congratulated upon the resolute manner in which they faced this difficult problem and upon the successful issue of their efforts by which before the end of October suitable provision had been made for all the inmates of the Institution.

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31. A detailed report on the medical work of the Hospital, by the Visiting Medical Officer, will be found in Annexe B.

CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.

(See Annexe B and Tables XXII to XXVI).

WANCHAI MATERNITY HOSPITAL. (See Annexe B).

CHINESE PERMANENT CEMETERY,

(Table XXVII).

CHINESE RECREATION GROUND.

(Table XXVIII).

32. The Chinese Recreation Ground in Hollywood Road is controlled by a Committee consisting of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs as Chairman and the Chinese Members of the Executive and Legislative Councils.

33. The Ground consists of a large concrete-surfaced open space which contains several pavilions and is bordered by sixty substantially-built stalls or rather small shops which are let by tender to refreshment caterers, barbers, book-sellers, letter- writers, etc., and the income, when expenses have been deducted, is devoted to Chinese charities. Apart from the actual tenants of the stalls and their fokis the Ground in its capacity as an open space or "lung" is very largely used by the general public for listening to story-tellers and for eating resting or strolling about in the open air. The Ground contains an interesting relic in the form of an old "Jubilee" drinking fountain.

YAUMATI PUBLIC SQUARE.

(Table XXIX),

34. The Yaumati Public Square is also administered by the Chinese Recreation Ground Committee on the same lines as the Chinese Recreation Ground. The chief difference is that there is no open space, the whole of the Square being occupied by stalls, fifty-nine in all, most of which sell cooked food. The Square is known to the Chinese public as "Yung Shu Tau" on account of the shady banyan trees which grow there and is as popular with the inhabitants of Yaumati as the Chinese Recreation Ground is with the inhabitants of Hollywood Road district.:

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1935

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PASSAGE MONEY FUND.

(Table XXX).

TRANSLATION.

The total number of translations made in the depart- ment during 1935 was 860 as compared with 821 in 1934. 478 of these were from Chinese into English and 382 from English into Chinese. In addition a large number of translations made in other Government departments were sent to this office for revision.

LABOUR.

36. Inspector Elliott,, Assistant Inspector of Labour, went on leave on 22nd March, 1935, his place being taken by Inspector Phillips who continued to act until the end of the year.

37. It is with the deepest regret that I have to record the death of Inspector Francis Meade, Inspector of Labour, Factories and Workshops, which occurred on 19th June, 1935. Inspector Meade was first appointed to this department as Inspector of Juvenile Labour on January 1st 1923. He was made Inspector of Factories on April 14th 1927 and Inspector of Labour, Factories and Workshops, on August 19th 1932. He leaves behind him a splendid record of good work and loyal and devoted service.

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General.

38. Labour conditions in the Colony were quiet during the year under review. The effects of the world wide economic depression continued to be felt and there was an increase in unemployment, most marked perhaps in the skilled and semi- skilled trades. A reflection of this is to be found in the decrease, as compared with 1934, of the average wages of skilled labourers and artisans other than those employed by Government or by the larger European firms.

39. This decrease in wages level does not appear to have extended to unskilled labour and it is probable that the tendency of unemployed Chinese coolies to return to their native districts has operated to preserve the ratio between supply and demand.

40. During the earlier months of the year there was a rapid rise in the value of the Hong Kong dollar in terms of sterling while the last four months of 1935 witnessed an even more rapid decline. The relative advantage to the general trade of the Colony of a high and a low dollar is the subject of much controversy, but it is generally admitted that purely local

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industries depend to a great extent on a low dollar for success in the home market and in their export trade. It is not surprising, therefore, that at the end of the year there should be welcome signs of a revival in local industry and of fresh activity in the building trade.

Disputes and Strikes.

41. There were no strikes during the year and only two disputes of more than minor importance though it was inevit- able that individual cases of hardship due to business failure should be more numerous than in 1934. In January the failure of a knitting factory in Kowloon City resulted in some 150 Shanghai workmen being thrown out of work and rendered completely destitute. Fortunately it was found possible to recover the accumulated savings of these men and subsequently, with the generous assistance of certain Chinese gentlemen, to arrange for their repatriation to Shanghai.

42. In December the Resident Engineer, Shing Mun, requested the assistance of the department as mediator in a complicated dispute in which over a hundred and thirty coolies from various districts of China were involved. After some trouble the matter was finally adjusted and the coolies were paid off.

Cost of Living of Poorer Classes.

43. There was again a slight all round reduction in the cost of living, the prices of all the main Chinese food stuffs and commodities being lower than in 1934. Rents of Chinese flats have remained at about the same level as in the previous year but the general depression has affected the standard of living so that many who formerly rented flats and cubicles have relinquished them for bed spaces in a common apartment.

44. The natural result has been more overcrowding in the poorer districts and an increase in the number of vacant: tenements.

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FACTORIES AND WORKSHOPS.

(Table XXXI).

45. The depression in local industries seemed to have reached its lowest ebb at the beginning of the year and during the first nine months there was little, if any, improvement in

business.

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46. A number of the smaller knitting and weaving factories closed down altogether and some of the larger factories worked shorter hours. During the last three months, however, various factories, especially those engaged in the manufacture of cigarettes, rubber shoes, felt hats, electric torches, dry batteries and confectionery, began to improve. It is probable that this was mainly due to better export trade consequent upon the fall in value of the local dollar vis-a-vis sterling and there is reason to hope that this improvement will be maintained.

As usual, the knitting and weaving industry has done better business with the approach of the cold season. Joss- stick making has been prosperous for the greater part of the year. A new industry, the making of Bakelite wares, has started but so far the output has been limited to samples. One enterprising rubber factory which had hitherto confined itself to the manufacture of shoes is now making a bid to increase business by making rubber knee-boots and, still more recently, leather shoes, using leather from England and Australia.

48. The number of factories has maintained its level. In spite of fifty-three having closed down during the year, over sixty new factories have been registered. There are now 506 registered workshops and factories in operation.

49. Further improvements have been effected with regard to the health and safety of the workers and several concerns bave removed from the old tenement type into modern factory type premises.

50. Legislation.-No further factory legislation was in- troduced during the year. The working of the Factories and Workshops Ordinance, which came into force on 1st March 1933, has proceeded smoothly and has resulted in а considerable improvement in general factory conditions.

51. Accidents.-The total number of accidents for the year was 55, six of which were fatal, as compared with 64, (seven fatal) for 1934. Again approximately 40% of these occurred in dockyards where fourteen (three fatal) were due to falls from staging etc. One fatality was due to tetanus following an accident in which deceased sustained a minor injury to three fingers when placing block type in a printing press.

52.-Prosecutions. Three prosecutions were instituted dur- ing the year against factory owners. These were for employing female workers during prohibited hours. Convictions were obtained in all cases and small fines imposed.

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CHINESE TEMPLES.

(Ordinance 7 of 1928).

(Tables XXXII and XXXIII).

53. The following gentlemen served on the Chinese Temples Committee during the year:-

(a) Hon. Sir Shouson Chow, Kt., Hon. Dr. R. H. Kotewall, C.M.G. (up to 3rd October), Hon. Dr. S. W. Tso, C.B.E., Hon. Mr. T. N. Chau and Hon. Mr. M. K. Lo (from 4th October)-Chinese Members of the Executive and Legislative Councils.

(b) Mr. Li Yau-tsun, C.B.E.,-Representative of the District

Watch Committee.

(c) Mr. Wong Kwong-tin, Mr. M. K. Lo-Chinese Members

of the Sanitary Board.

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(d) Mr. Peter H. Sin, Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital

Committee.

(e) Mr. Ng Yiu-wan, Chairman of the Po Leung Kuk

Committee.

(f) Mr. Ko Fuk-san, Representative of the Directors of the Tung Wah Hospital who are residents of Kowloon or New Kowloon.

(g) Secretary for Chinese Affairs (Chairman).

54. The Committee met once at the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.

55. The following contributions were made from the Temples Fund during the year 1935:-

$30,585.24 to the Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund.

$6,000.00 to the Tung Wah Hospital..

$100.00 to the Children's Playground Association. $100.00 to the Society for the Protection of Children.

The Silver Jubilee.

56. The outstanding event of the year was the Silver Jubilee celebrations in honour of the 25th Anniversary of the Accession to the Throne of H. M. King George V.

57. The crganisation of the Chinese celebrations was placed in the hands of a Chinese Festivities Committee under: the chairmanship of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

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58. It was decided that the main contribution of the Chinese community to the festivities should take the form of Dragon and Lantern processions in traditional Chinese style. The co-operation and assistance of the Guilds, Market Stall- holders, Restaurants and Shops was invited and was most willingly and generously given.

3.

59. Day processions were organised on the 6th, 7th and 8th of May, and there were two lantern processions on the nights of the 7th and 8th. The weather was fine and the processions were most impressive and spectacular, far exceeding both in size and beauty anything of this nature that has ever before been staged in the Colony.

.....

60. It is impossible in a general Report such as this to enter into much detail but the following facts and figures will serve to give some idea of the quality of the display by which the Chinese community demonstrated their loyalty and affection towards their Sovereign.

Day Processions.

61. Thirty-four guilds and numerous shops, restaurants, market stalls and individuals participated in the staging of these processions. 9,755 persons were employed daily in carrying the exhibits and the cost to the participants was roughly $148,000. The processions started daily at 11 A.M. from Kennedy Town and took approximately three and a half hours to traverse a route that varied in length from eight to ten miles. The most conspicuous feature of the processions was the three huge Dragons, Silver, Golden and Multi-coloured, which measured 280, 120 and 225 feet respectively.

62. These Dragons were supported by ten Lions, a Tiger and Unicorn, forty-six ponies and nearly 800 banners, palanquins, tableaux, etc. The order of march was determined by drawing lots and was accepted without question. Both day and night processions were accompanied and directed by members of the Chinese Festivities Committee who unselfishly offered themselves for this arduous duty..

Night Processions.

63. The organisation of the night processions was entrusted to a sub-committee of Chinese gentlemen under the chairman- ship of Mr. Ho Kom-tong. Unfortunately owing to an accident Mr. Ho had to relinquish this position on the 12th April and his place was most ably filled by Mr. Wong Kwong-tin. The night processions were on a somewhat smaller scale but were if anything more beautiful than their brethren of the day. No fewer than twenty-one guilds, shops and restaurants contributed towards the cost which was approximately $23,000.

There were 760 exhibits which required 2,800 bearers.

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64. Most striking of all were the huge fish and bird lanterns, twenty to forty feet in length; but mention must also be made of the illuminated flying dragon and the numerous exquisitely lighted palanquins and tableaux of Swatow and Amoy workmanship.

65. It says much for the care and forethought of the organisers of this display and for the efficient co-operation of the Police that these celebrations were carried through without friction and also without any serious accidents. The success of the whole display was most gratifying and reflects great credit on all concerned.

ABERDEEN INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL.

(Table XXXIV).

66. An event of importance in the social and educational history of the Colony was the opening by His Excellency the Governor of the Aberdeen Industrial School which took place on the 26th March.

67. The origin of this Institution may be traced back to 1921 when the idea of founding an Industrial School for poor boys was laid before the then Secretary for Chinese Affairs (Mr. E. R. Hallifax) by the two Chinese members of the Legislative Council (The Hon. Mr. Lau Chu-pak and the Hon. Mr. Chow Shouson, now Sir Shouson Chow) and Messrs. Fung Ping-shan and Li Yau-tsun. After some discussion Govern- ment approval was secured and financial assistance to the extent of $200,000 was promised by Sir Robert Ho Tung and Mr. Fung Ping-shan. A strong committee was formed to conduct the preliminary work of selecting a site and canvassing further subscriptions and, in 1925, it was agreed to invite the Salesian Society to enter the scheme and to undertake the management of the school. With the acceptance by the Society of this responsible task everything seemed to be well in train for a successful beginning but unfortunately the unhappy events of the summer of 1925 and the financial difficulties of the succeeding years combined to delay all action and the scheme lay dormant until 1929 when it was revived by the Hon. Dr. Kotewall.

68. In 1930 under the active guidance of Mr. A. E. Wood, acting Secretary for Chinese Affairs, the matter began to take definite shape. Further substantial subscriptions were promised, the appropriation of the present site at Aberdeen was authorised by the Secretary of State and finally, in September, 1932, the Deed of Appropriation which lays down conditions under which boys may be admitted to the School and the constitution of the Executive Committee which is charged with its administration was signed and the work of erecting the buildings was put in hand.

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69. As was only to be expected the financial stresses of the last few years, especially of 1934, have left their mark in the shape of modifications of the original scheme. Some difficulty was experienced in collecting some of the promised subscriptions but the completion of the building was assured by the generous action of Sir Robert Ho Tung in waiving the condition attached to his original offer of $100,000, viz: that this sum should not be payable until at least $300,000 had been received from other sources.

70. The School has been built to accommodate 300 boys, 50 of whom are nominated by Government, 150 by the Executive Committee and 100 by the Salesian Society, managers of the School. With the exception of Government nominees, candidates for admission must possess a parental residential qualification of five years residence in the Colony. Pupils are divided into two categories, students and artisans. The minimum age for admission of students is eight years and the maximum age for apprenticeship is fourteen years. Students follow the Govern- ment school programme for vernacular schools and no boy, is permitted to be apprenticed to a trade until he has completed the fourth year Primary course. Artisans who have been ap- prenticed continued their general studies concurrently with their vocational training. Pupils are accepted twice a

year in February and September and the length of the artisan apprenticeship course is three years. School fees are $150 p.a. and these include board, lodging, uniform and tuition.

71. It would be idle to pretend that the first working year has not been fraught with many anxieties both for the Executive Committee and the Managers of the School. Unfortunately the financial stringency mentioned above has prevented the original scheme of providing the School with a handsome endowment fund from being carried out and the problem of financing the Institution through its opening phases has not been an easy one. Great credit is due to the Chinese members of the Executive Committee for the courageous manner in which they have grappled with these difficulties and there is every reason to hope that the coming year will see the School as firmly established financially as its universal popularity deserves.

72. The following gentlemen served on the Executive Committee during the year:--

(a) Secretary for Chinese Affairs (Chairman).

(b) Hon. Dr. R. H. Kotewall, C.M.G., LL.D.-Representative of the Chinese Members of the Executive and Legislative Councils.

(c) Mr. Li Yau-tsun, C.B.E.-Representative of the District

Watch Committee.

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(d) Mr. Peter H. Sin-Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital

Committee.

(e) Ng Yiu-wan-Chairman of the Po Leung Kuk Committee.

(f) Mr. Wong Kwong-tin-Chairman of the Chinese General

Chamber of Commerce.

(g) Mr. M. K. Lo-Chinese Representative on the Sanitary.

Board appointed by the Governor.

(h) Sir Robert Ho Tung-Appointed by the Governor.

(i) Rev. Father Braga and Rev. Father Bernardini-Mem-

bers of the Salesian Society:

STAFF.

SECRETARY FOR; CHINESE AFFAIRS.

73. Mr. N. L. Smith acted as Colonial Secretary from 26th August to 12th September and as Officer Administering the Government from 13th September to 31st October. During this period Mr. E. H. Williams acted as Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

30th April, 1936.

W. J. CARRIE,

Secretary for Chinese Affairs.:

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Annexe A. ··

Report on the work of the Po Leung Kuk for the year 1935. (Tables A, B and C).

The Po Leung Kuk Society was founded in 1878 to aid in the detection and suppression of kidnapping, especially of girls and women, and to shelter such girls or women as had been kidnapped in the interior and brought to Hong Kong for sale or emigration. Its name means "institution for the preservation of virtue." The initiative in its formation came from the Chinese themselves, and ever since by subscription and personal service they have continued to support it.

2. There is a paid Chinese staff-matron, two lady teachers, seven amahs and nurses, and two clerks who are secretaries to the managing committee. The Committee meets every evening from Monday to Friday at 7 p.m., the principal meeting of the week being held at 12 noon on Sunday. It not only manages the Po Leung Kuk, but acts as an advisory committee to the Secretary for Chinese Affairs in all cases affecting women and children and Chinese family life generally. It corresponds when necessary with charitable institutions and private persons in various parts of China, traces parents of lost children and shelters for the night any Chinese woman or girl who chooses to go.

When parents and relations cannot be traced, the Committee arranges for the girls in its care to be given in marriage (never as concubines) or in adoption, always under bond and always with the consent of this office; and in every case this office ascertains the girl's willingness before giving consent.

3. In addition to the annual Committee there is a Board of Permanent Direction, which serves to maintain continuity of policy and of which the Secretary for Chinese Affairs is the ex-officio chairman.

4. The following gentlemen were elected in April to serve as the Managing Committee for the year:

Mr. Ng Yiu-wan, Mr. Wong Kat-shiu, Mr. Tse Wai-ting, Mr. Tse Yiu-sheung, Mr. Ho Kan-chung, Mr. Fu Kam-shing,

Mr. Siu Ping-sheung, Mr. Chan Yip-cho, Mr. Tsoi Tsz-tsun, Mr. Ngan Kang-hoi, Mr. Wong King-shek.

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5. The number of inmates of the Po Leung Kuk on 1st January, 1935, was forty and during the year 369 persons were admitted as against 563 in 1934. The circumstances of admission and the action taken in regard to them are set out in Table A.

6. Three hundred and sixty-seven women, girls and children were admitted without warrant and two with warrant. Nine were lost children, fifty-five were accompanied by parents or guardians and forty-five were maidservants or Muitsai who had left their employers.

1.

On leaving the Kuk 147 persons were restored to husbands or other relatives, twenty-eight were sent to charitable institutions in China, nine were given in adoption, two married, 138 were released after enquiries, nine were released under bond, and fourteen were sent to a School, Convent or Refuge in the Colony. The number of inmates remaining in the Kuk on December 31st was fifty-nine.

8. Fifty-six cases of sickness were sent to the Tung Wah Hospital for treatment and of these three died.

9. The Hon. Dr. S. W. Tso, C.B.E., and Lieutenant- Colonel H. B. L. Dowbiggin, O.B.E., continued to serve as Visiting Justices throughout the year.

10. The continued personal interest shown by Mrs. R. H. Kotewall and Mrs. S. W. Tso is much appreciated and is of genuine help to the Institution.

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Annexe B.

THE CHINESE HOSPITALS AND DISPENSARIES.

1. The Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries are institutions established by the Chinese for the benefit of the poor of Chinese nationality. Intended to be additional to, not in substitution of, the Government Hospitals they serve a very useful purpose not only in the matter of medical relief but also in that of health education.

2. An enormous and ever-increasing number of sick too poor to pay a doctor's fee or to buy proper medicine, is suc- cessfully reached.

3. There are three general hospitals each with maternity wards attached, one smallpox hospital, one maternity hospital and nine public dispensaries.

They are maintained by subscriptions from the public, by donations from the Chinese General Charities Fund and by direct grants from Government. They are controlled by Chinese Committees who work in close co-operation with the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

4. In the three big hospitals the patient can choose between Western and Chinese methods of treatment, but in the Maternity Hospitals and Dispensaries Western Medicine only is practised. Government Lady Doctors hold gynaecological clinics in each of the dispensaries once or twice a week.

5. Both Hospitals and Dispensaries are subject to inspection by the Government Medical Department. There are four officers of the Department whose duty it is to visit the various institutions and to give advice and assistance. These officers work in close touch with the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

THE CHINESE HOSPITALS.

6. The Tung Wah Hospital situated in the centre of the most thickly populated area in Victoria was first occupied in 1873. The Tung Wah Smallpox Hospital situated at the extreme west end of Victoria was erected in 1902. The Tung Wah Eastern Hospital situated at the extreme east end of Victoria was opened in 1929. The Government gave the sites and with grants of money assisted in the erection of the buildings. The Kwong Wah Hospital situated in the Central District of Kowloon was built in 1911 to meet the needs of those resident in the Peninsula. The funds for its erection were raised by public subscription,

C. 19

7. In administrative control of the four hospitals is the Tung Wah Committee, a body of Chinese gentlemen elected each year by the subscribers.

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8. Originally intended for the accommodation and treatment of those Chinese whose fears and prejudices against Western Medicine prevented their applying for relief at the Government Hospitals, these hospitals at a later period introduced and encouraged scientific methods. As prejudice disappeared and confidence grew the demand for Western medicine has increased until now the number being treated by this method equals that which still pins its faith to Chinese medicine.

9. The activities of the Chinese Hospitals include:-

(a) The care of the sick and treatment by Western methods or Chinese methods according to the wishes of the patients.

(b) Maternity benefits and infant welfare by Western

methods only.

(c) Vaccination.

(d) Health propaganda.

(e) Assistance to the destitute.

(f) The provision of coffins for and the burial of the

dead.

10. Much progress has been made in all departments of the hospitals during the last few years. These improvements include:

(a) The appointment of University graduates as full-

time Resident Medical Officers.

(b) The foundation of training schools for female nurses.

(c) Extensions and improvements in the male nursing

section.

(d) The establishment of clinical laboratories.

(e) The provision of radiological apparatus.

(f) The establishment of up-to-date operating theatres.

(g) The purchase of motor ambulances..

(h) Improvements in the accommodation for patients.

(i) Improvements in quarters for the staff.

11. In spite of the financial difficulties caused by the present economic depression and the consequent reduction in the rentals from property, it has been found possible to maintain the improvements previously effected and to make some further important improvements in the hospitals:-

:

(a) In the Tung Wah Hospital new premises have been opened for outpatients for both Western and Chinese treatment. These premises are situated a few yards from the main building and are a very great improvement on the old accommodation. (b) By arrangement with other Hospitals of the group which takes female T.B. cases the top floor on the Yan Yan block at the Tung Wah Hospital has been converted into excellent quarters for nurses, whilst on the second floor a good, light and airy dining and common room has been provided. This has made it possible to accommodate the necessary number of nurses required by the Hospital and the number is now up to standard.

(c) Specially constructed charcoal fires have been pro- vided in all the hospitals for making infusions of herbs for outpatients attending for Chinese treat- ment. Many of the sick poor have little or no facilities for this purpose in their own homes, and in some cases cannot afford the cost of the charcoal. It should prove of great benefit to them and ensure that the infusions are properly made.

(d) Improved accommodation for amahs has been made on the top floor of the new outpatients department. at the Tung Wah Hospital.

(e) Each of the three hospitals has been provided with wheel stretcher: carriers for transferring patients from the wards to the theatre, the gift of the Chairmen of the Hospitals.

(f) Modern fire fighting equipment has been installed in

the Kwong Wah Hospital, thus reducing the danger. from fire in this building which is the oldest of the three Hospitals.

12. Today each of the three Chinese Hospitals has a good operating, theatre where operations are performed daily, many of which are major operations.

18. In charge of the medical side (Western) of each hospital is a Medical Superintendent, a graduate of the University, whose salary is paid by Government, and who is a member of the Medical Department.

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THE TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

14. The year 1933 witnessed the demolition and recon- struction of a considerable portion of this institution. Established in 1873 and added to from time to time it had become a con- fusing assemblage of buildings some of which were much below the standard required in a modern hospital or infirmary. As mentioned in the 1933 annual report many of the wards were old, dark, and in some respects insanitary, but they provided shelter, food and medical attendance for many sufferers who would otherwise have had no means of relief.

15. Nothing short of demolition and reconstruction could make the place satisfactory. There were, of course, sentimental objections to the demolition of the fine old assembly hall where year after year the directors had met and discussed the problems confronting them but space was very limited and it was not possible to retain the old hall and at the same time erect a building which would meet the requirements of the situation. It was decided, therefore, to raze the hall and the insanitary buildings and construct in their place a six storey modern hospital incorporating in it a new assembly hall.

16. The New Block, which was opened to receive patients early in 1934, contains accommodation for 144 beds. The whole hospital now has accommodation for 434 beds. It is hoped to replace the remaining out-of-date buildings as funds become available.

17. The staff consists of a Chinese Medical Officer of the Government Medical Department and three Resident Medical Officers whose salaries are paid by the Hospital. There are in addition a number of Chinese Herbalists who practise Chinese Medicine for the benefit of those who prefer that treatment.

18.

In-patients (General).

1934

Western Chinese Maternity Total. treatment. treatment.

5,671 5,480 1,320

cases.

12,471

1935

7,157 4,984 1,833

13,974

19. There were 1,651 operations including 350 major cases.

20.

Out-patients (General).

Western

treatment.

Chinese

treatment.

Total.

1934

23,227

159,511

182,738

!

1935

34,748

170,584

205,332

21.

C+22

Be Eye: Cimic.

1934

13,883

1935

··16,312··

22.

Baby Clinic.

1934

2,291

1935

2,523

23.

1934

1935

Deaths. Brought in dead.

......... 2,170

*‹2,539

687

645

24. A large proportion of the deaths in the Hospital occur within 24 hours of admission; The sick poor go there to die. Those brought in dead inelude bodies sent from ships in harbour; from neighbouring hospitals, from the Public Dispensaries, and from private houses. All are taken to the Tung Wah for the benefit of free coffining and free burial.

THE KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.

25. This hospital does for Kowloon and the Peninsula what the Tung Wah and the Tung Wah Eastern do for the Island of Hong Kong. There is official accommodation for about 326 beds, of which 229 are for general diseases, 40 are for tuberculosis cases and 57 are for maternity cases. There are 18 private wards including 7 for maternity cases.

26. The accommodation cannot keep pace with the growth in population. Kowloon has considerably more than doubled itself during the last ten years. No patient is turned away for want of room and in both medical and surgical wards it is common to find two in a bed and others sleeping on the floor.

27. The staff consists of a Senior Resident Medical Officer whose salary is paid by the Government, and three Assistant Medical Officers paid by the Directors.

28. There are also a number of Chinese Herbalists who practise Chinese medicine and are paid out of Hospital funds.

29. The patients, on admittance, can choose whether they desire treatment on Western or Chinese lines.

...

30.

23

In-patients (General).

Western · Chinese

treatment.

Maternity

Total.

treatment.

cases.

1934

5,902 2,883 4,406

13,191

7,365 3,364 4,439

15,168

1935

31. There were 408 operations, including 160 major operations, as compared with 309 in 1934.

32.

Out-patients (General).

Western

treatment.

Chinese

treatment.

Total.

1934............. 45,934

138,745

184,679

1935

..... 47,700

162,779

210,479..

33. There were 3,590 eye cases as compared with 3,813 during the previous year.

34. The number of deaths in hospital was 4,075, of which 1,646 were admitted in a serious condition and died within 24 hours.

35. There is a small laboratory where facilities are available for ordinary routine microscopic examination.

36.

A children's clinic is held twice a week. The attendance numbered 5,288 as compared with 2,670 in 1934.

37.

There is also an antenatal clinic held once a week in the Maternity Block. The number of cases seen was 110 as against 259 in 1934.

THE TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL.

38. This hospital was built in 1929. It is situated in the eastern part of the City of Victoria overlooking the Sookunpoo Valley playing-fields. It has modern fittings and equipment. All the wards have through ventilation and there is a modern well-lighted operating theatre. There is accommodation for 250 beds, of which 208 are for general, 14 for maternity and 28 for tuberculosis patients. A ward of 14 beds has been closed....

.

.

39. The staff consists of a Chinese Medical Officer whose salary is paid by Government, and two Assistant Medical Officers appointed by the Directors.

"

爨

¿

40. As in the other Chinese Hospitals, patients on ad- mission can choose whether they wish to be treated by the Western-trained Medical Officers or the Chinese Herbalists.

AW.

41.

: 1934

1935 ....

In-patients (General).

Western Chinese Maternity Total.

treatment.

treatment.

2,528

cases'.

3,050. 4,847 2,185 1,154

954 6,532

8,186

42. Major Operations under General Anaesthesia.

1934

1935

43...

Out-patients (General).

186

127

Western

Chinese

Total.

treatment.

treatment.

1934

22,117

58,954

81,071

1935

28,122

61,358

89,480

44.

Vaccinations.

1934

1935

854

438

+

45. Two wards have been set aside (one male and one female) for patients who are able to make some payment but who cannot afford a private room. The charge in these wards is $1.40 per day including food and medicine. Each patient can, if he desires, bring in an attendant to help in looking after him. There are 14 beds in the Male Ward and 8 in the Female.

46. There are 24 small private wards where the inclusive fee per day is $3.00. The wards are popular.

47. A ward of 12 beds has been reserved for the treatment of opium addicts. During the year 441 patients were treated. The course of treatment is usually complete within three weeks. The cost is defrayed by Government.

48. Deaths in 1935 number 1,661. 935 of these died within 24 hours of admission. 755 bodies were brought in for burial.

€ 25

“

THE TUNG WAH SMALL-POX HOSPITAL.

49. The Tung Wah Small-pox Hospital, erected in 1902 for the herbal treatment of small-pox cases, consists of six wards arranged in three two-storied blocks and faced by another group of three two-storied blocks intended for staff quarters and for administration purposes. At a distance and separated by a yard are the kitchens, the servants quarters and the mortuary. The whole is contained in a large compound. All the blocks are connected by covered ways.

50.

7 cases of small-pox were admitted during the year. There was one death.

THE WANCHAI OR EASTERN MATERNITY HSOPITAL.

51. This hospital is run in conjunction with the Eastern Dispensary. It is in charge of a Western-trained Chinese Doctor and continues to provide most satisfactory and efficient service for this densely populated district.

52. The total number of beds is 31, and the number of admissions 863. There was one maternal death during the year.

THE CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.

53. The origin of the Chinese Public Dispensaries was a movement made in 1904 by certain leading Chinese citizens, especially Messrs. Fung Wa-chun, Lau Chu-pak and Ho Kom- tong, with the help and encouragement of Mr. A. W. Brewin, then Registrar-General. This movement began in the hope of coping with the scandal of the abandonment of dead bodies in the streets.

54. In 1905 two depots were established, the Western and the Eastern. In immediate charge of each depot was a Chinese doctor qualified in Western medicine who was assisted by an English-speaking clerk.

55. In 1909 the Government gave the movement public support and encouragement and the Committee became the Chinese Public Dispensaries Committee under the Chairmanship of the Registrar-General, now the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

56. It was declared at the time that the work of the depots or dispensaries was not hospital work and that the Chinese doctors employed were simply to diagnose disease and not to treat it. However, treatment centres were needed, and treat- ment, commenced in a small way, gradually developed until now the principal function of the dispensaries is medical relief. But in addition to the ordinary work of the clinic and dispensary these institutions serve as depots where the poor may apply for assistance in matters connected with:

יי

:

C.26

(a) The removal of patient to hospital.

(b) Certification as to the cause of death.

(c) Removal of corpses to mortuaries.

(d) Supply of coffins and arrangements for burial.

(e) The registration of births,

(f) Vaccination.

57. It is worthy of note that as far back as 1896 a Commission, appointed by Government to advise regarding the Medical Department, recommended the establishment under Government control of dispensaries in different parts of Victoria and Kowloon. However, none were built and the Chinese Public Dispensaries to-day occupy the positions which under other circumstances would have been filled by departmental institu- tions.

58. There are now nine Chinese Public Dispensaries, five on the Island of Hong Kong and four in Kowloon. The Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital, which was formerly administered by the Committee of the Chinese Western Dispensary, was handed over to Government as a gift on January 1st. 1934.

59. Two of the Dispensaries are still housed in rooms attached to temples. Another, that at Aberdeen, consists of two rented shops temporarily adapted for the purpose. Gradually up-to-date buildings are taking the place of the temporary ones. The Dispensaries at Shaukiwan and Wanchai are excellent buildings of their kind, as are those on the Kowloon side at Yaumati and Kowloon City. ́ ́

60. A new dispensary is in course of erection at Shamshui- po a little distance from the existing building. When completed it should prove of great value in this growing area. The dispensary in the highly congested Central District is inadequate for present day requirements, but as land is expensive in this part of the town it will not be possible to rebuild until conditions improve.

61.

Bacteriological investigations have been carried out by the Government Bacteriologist for the various dispensaries. The work has consisted largely in the examination of blood films

for malaria.

.

13

་་་ntཥ་རྣོ་

C 27

62. Very good propaganda work has been done during the year by four Public Health Street Orators appointed by the Chinese Public Dispensaries Committee and it is hoped to extend the scope of these activities in the near future. The orators also gave valuable assistance to the Police by lecturing and distributing pamphlets during the "Safety First" Campaign which was held at the beginning of the year.

63.

As mentioned before, once a week at each of the Dispensaries a gynaecological clinic is held by one of the Government Lady Medical Officers. In some there are two clinics a week.

64. Last but not least, each dispensary has a room attached to it where dead bodies can be received for transport to the mortuaries preliminary to burial. Coffins are provided free.

THE CHINESE HOSPITALS INFANT WELFARE CENTRE.

65. The Tung Wah Infant Welfare Centre is held once a week under the supervision of the Western trained medical officers. The babies are weighed and the mothers advised concerning feeding and care of infants. The total number of attendances was 2,523, that for 1934 was 2,291.

66. The Children's Clinic at the Kwong Wah Hospital is held twice a week. The number of cases seen was 5,288. An Antenatal Clinic is held weekly in the Maternity Block; where 110 cases were seen during the course of the year.

Table A.

Number of Women, Girls and Children, admitted to the Po Leung Kuk during the year 1935 and the

arrangements

made regarding them.

In the Po Leung Kuk on 1st }

January, 1935

Admitted during the year ......

Total

Remaining in the Po Leung Kuk on the 31st December, 1935

1

00

[

to

Committed under Warrant from

the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.

Committed under Warrant from the Emigration Office.

Sent with their own consent by

the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

Sent with their own consent from Singapore and Sandakan.

Sent with their own consent by the Police.

Lost Children.

Accompanying parents or

guardians.

Runaway girls.

Total.

Released after enquiries.

Released under bond.

Placed in charge of husbands. Placed in charge of parents

and relatives.

Sent to Charitable Institutions

in China.

Sent to School, Convent,

or Refuge.

Adopted.

Married.

Died.

Cases under consideration..

Total.

2

1

183

6897

טא

2

189

6 10 11

8 67 9 55 45

8 75

40 11 1

369 127 8

10000

409 188

6071

6

7 47 1

6 184 24 7 8

40

2 3 50 369

6 141 28 14 9 2 3 59 409

21

15

3

4

16

59

1

1

C 28

-

..

.

--

Table B.

PO LEUNG KUK

Statement of Receipts and Expenditure from 1st January to 31st December, 1935.

RECEIPTS.

$

C.

EXPENDITURE.

$

C.

15,167.57

10,369.59

To Balance from previous year,

Subscriptions:-

Grant by Hong Kong Govt. $7,000.00 Guilds,

1,920.85

Rent from House property,.. · · ·4,066.00 Yim Fong & A. Fong Photo-.

graphers,

Yue Lan and other celebra-

tions,

Proceeds from sale of hand-

work,

Miscellaneous,

Interest:

On Current Account,

Total

9,870.12 By annual expenses for up-keep of the

Po Leung Kuk, ·

700.00

1,306.00

15.00

550.00

15,557.85

.$

109.19

25,537.16

(see Table C),

Balance:

"}

To Current Account;

Total

.$

29

25,537.16

Certified by the Statutory Declaration of Wong Kat Shiu and Tam Shiu Hong, Members of the Board of Directors.

Table C.

PO LEUNG KUK.

Statement showing particulars of expenditure of the elected committee from 1st January to 31st December, 1935

Receipts.

$

c.

Expenditure.

$

C.

NA

"

C 30-

Balance from previous year

420.44

Received from Treasurer of the

Wages Food

$5,554.50

3,395.99

elected committee of 1935

15,167.57

Light and Fire....

1,657.99

Miscellaneous Receipts.

14.48

Passage Money

474.62

Premium on bank notes.

22.31

Printing....

104.07

Pétty Expenditure

800.09

Stationery

180.65

Telephone....

129.00

Water Account

1,138.65

Crown Rent and Rates

766.32

Medical Apparatus and Drugs

140.55

Repairs

345.34

Miscellaneous

477.98

Balance in hand

15,165.75 459.05

Total

15,624.80

Total

$ 15,624.80

C 31

Table I.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1934 AND 1935.

Personal Emoluments*

Other Charges. -

Conveyance Allowances

Incidental Expenses

1934.

$138,984.49

1935. $125;292.93

1,695.48

1,299.00

1,022.62

861.18

128.90

100.28

70.65

Library

Transport

Total Personal Emoluments and

Other Charges

$141,831.49

$127,624.04

*Includes Officers of Cadet, S.C. & A. and J.C. Services.A

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1934 and 1935.

1934.

Licences and Internal Revenue

not otherwise specified.

Chinese Boarding House Licences... $15,878.33 Emigration Passage Broker Licences 1,000.00

1935.

$11,209.67

1,210:00

205.00

Forfeitures

Fees of Court or Office.

Certificates to Chinese Proceeding

to Foreign Countries

550.00

550.00

Miscellaneous

12.00

10.00

Official Signatures

160.00

145.00

Miscellaneous Receipts.

Condemned Stores

18.42

Total

$17,618.75

$13,329.67

€ 32

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE FOR

LAST TEN YEARS.

*Personal

Emoluments

Year.

and Other Charges.

Special Expenditure.

Total Expenditure..

Total Revenue.

1926.......

68,496.98

68,496.98

19,740.62

1927.

76,979.90

120.00

77,099.90 22,818.25

1928.

73,738,41

73,738.41 20,040.53

1929....... 78,121.08

78,121.08 16,828.36

1930....... 130,279.41

130,279.41 20,176.06

1931....... 135,424.29

135,424.29 18,771.59

1932......

1933..

130,880.54

130,880.54

17,344.03

175,321.51

175,321.51 16,347.60

1934...... 141,831.49

141,831.49 17,618.75

1935........ 127,624.04

127,624.04 13,329.67

* Includes officers of Cadet, S. C., & A., & J. C. Services attached

to department.

:

.

-

33

Table IV

Number of Female Passengers and Boys examined and passed before the Secretary for Chinese Affairs under "The Asiatic Emigration Ordinance, 1915',

during the year 1935.

Women and Children 1935. ··

Total Women

Women Girls. Boys. Total.

and Children

1934.

Macassar

222

54

96

372

Straits Settlements and F.M.S. 21,686

3,340

3,892 28,918

277

་ ན -

27,647

F1

,

Dutch Indies

193

38

58

289

354

Belawan Deli

158

39

84

281

401

British North Borneo

878

171

285

1,334

1,002

Honolulu

96

United States of America

174

28

30

76

190

888

32

158

263

440

384

South America

63

13

51

127

Mauritius & Reunion

105

7

28

Australia

13

3

19

མི་༣ ཚོ

59

140

174

35

34

India

101

7.

32

140

159

South Africa

6

0

11

17

4

Vancouver

104

8

113

225

230

+

Batavia...

1,095

148

328

1,571

1,632

Sourabaya

333

50

85

468

406

Rangoon

276

89

134

499

310

Billiton

1

0

1

Victoria

19

1

32

52

28

Seattle

33

13

103

149

103

25,556

4,087

5,573 35,216

33,467

I

1

€ 34

Table V.

NUMBER OF ASSISTED EMIGRANTS.

Rejected.

Year. Examined. Passed.

Un- willing.

Rejected Rejected

at S.C.A. Doctor.

by

Total

Rejected.

Percentage of Rejection.

1934,

1,648

1,565

83

5.04

1935,

3,593

3,406

Nil

4

187

5. 1

¿

*This number includes those who failed to appear for the final examination.

NATIVE DISTRICTS OF ASSISTED EMIGRANTS PASSED.

West River

East River ́.

North River

Canton

Delta

Kwong Sai

Southern Districts

789

374

126

140

1,755

112

110.

Total:

3,406

C 35

Table V,-Continued.

DESTINATION OF ASSISTED EMIGRANTS.

Whither bound.

Male Assisted Emigrants.

1934.

1935.

Dutch Indies:

Muntok

754

1,895

Billiton

165

622

Samoa

313

Gavutu

1

Solomon Islands

4

Ocean Island

66

306

Nauru

153

459

Mombassa

3

1

Sydney

2

Melbourne

3

9

New Hebrides

3

1

Sandakan

99

112

Total

1,565

3,406

Classification of the Assisted Emigrants examined, according to the language spoken gives the following figures:-

Cantonese

Hakka

Hainanese

Total

Table VI.

2,735

622

49

3,406

Chinese boarding house licence returns under the Boarding House Ordinance No. 23 of 1917.

Class.

I II IV V VI

VII Total

No. in existence at begin-

ning of 1935

1

56

3

161

249

82

552

No. in existence at end of

1935

1

68

4

139

254

83 549

C 36

Table VII.

Statement of the Receipts and Expenditure relative to the Hong Kong District Watchman Fund for the year 1935.

Receipts.

To Balance

Contributions, (Victoria:-

$

C.

Expenditure.

$

G.

144,556.09

Wages and Salaries:-

Chief District Watchmen

2,856.00

Assistant Chief District

Watchmen

3,366.00

Detectives

10,670.00

€A

$

C.

$44,486.17 + Kowloon

1st Class District Watchmen 9,894.97

$15,046.91)

59,533.08

2nd 3rd

16,863.13

,1

وو

1,333.16

33...

44,983.26

Grant by Hong Kong Government

100.00

Miscellaneous :-

Cooks

Coolies

Payment to District Watchmen

for special services

Messenger

1,104.00 840.00 96.00

2,411.00

2,040.00

Office Staff :—

Fines

188.00

Manager

*

Collectors

180.00 1,176.00

1,356.00

House rents

798.00

Total

48,379.26

Rent for permission to erect an iron gate on s.s. 2 of Section A on I.L. 680, for 1934 (West Point D.W. Quarters)

Other Charges :-

Allowance to Detectives

2,087.00

Medal allowance

1,196.00

1.00

Rent allowance

2,531.97

Conservancy allowance

42.00

Sale of unserviceable stores

5.00

Conveyance allowance &c.

848.54

Electric charges

1,033.33

Telephone rentals

585.00

Interest on Hong Kong Govern-

Stationery and printing

458.57

ment 4% Conversion Loan

1,520.00

Uniforms and equipments

3,391.47

Ammunition

155.43

Furniture

51.50

Interest on Fixed Deposits

900.00

Repairs and fittings

1,752.38

Crown Rents

19.24

Interest on current account

992.86

Premium on Fire Policy

426.84

""

Water Account

28.39

Gratuities and rewards

4,336.00

Sundries

932.79

19,876.45

Pensions :-

Ex. C.D.W. Tsui Cheuk and others

3,528.00

Total Expenditure

71,783.71

Balance

139,171.32

Total

210,955.03

Total

210,955.03

Balance:

Hong Kong Government 4% Conversion Loan $ 38,000.00

Cash

Fixed Deposits (H.K. & Sh. Bk.)

Fixed Deposits (Treasury)

Advance to C. D. Ws.

Total

61,011.32

10,000.00

30,000.00

160.00

Examined and Found correct,

S. W. TSO.

LI YAU TSUN,

Members of D.W. Cec.

Secretariat for Chinese Affairs.

Hong Kong, 31st December, 1935.

.$139,171.32

W. J. CARRIE, S.C.A.

A. G. CLARKE, A.S.C.A.

KO CHUNGWOON,

Manager, D.W.F.

Receipts.

C 37-

Table VIII.

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL

CASH ACCOUNT 1935.

$

C.

Payments.

*

C.

Cash account from last year:

Tung Wah Hospital Account

Tung Wah Eastern Hospital Kwong Wah Hospital Emergency Fund

Man Mo Temple

$166,097.09

Current Account with Tung Wah Eastern

Hospital

Current Account with Kwong Wah Hospital

121,643.09

23,817.83

99,231.43

Debit balance due by Tung Wah Hospital Re-

building Fund from last year

Debit balance due by Old Site Re-building Fund

from last year

22,485.93

3,374.75

84,104.26 Current Account with Kwong Wah Hospital

$414,164.19 Debit balance due by Po Leung Kuk Site Re-

building Fund from last year

Debit balance due by Land Purchasing Fund

from last year

19,731.50

204, 026.08

79,322.31

74,835.90

76,412.24

19

Man Mo Temple

17

Tung Wah Eastern Hos-

27,637.79

13

""

Tung Wah Hospital Re-

pital

83,045.69

รง

"}

building Fund

building Fund

""

Man Mo Temple

28,015.03

500.00

Po Leung Kuk Site Re-

Emergency Fund

81.55

ז,

""

13,864.50

3

San Mi Year Land Pur-

chasing Fund

Kap Shut Year New Hos- pital Re-building Fund

73,820.37

2

Sun Mi Year Land Pur-

12,575.88

""

Government Grant for Western medicines

Grant from Man Mo Temple

Kap Shut Tung Wah Hos- pital Re-building Fund

Rent from house Property

Subscriptions collected from Steamers Annual subscriptions of Hongs

Annual subscriptions from wealthy persons Subscriptions and donations

Subscriptions from charitable persons ..

Special contributions for supply of medicines,

quilted clothing, coffins and shrouds

Government Grants

Government Grants for coffins

14,678.49 Hospital and destitute persons sundries

9,330.12 Chinese drugs

Western drugs

1,636.90 Repairs

8,000.00 Destitutes and Patients' passages

10,000.00 Repairs to landed property

2,500.00 Lights...

chasing Fund

2,935.58

??

7,026.13

Po Leung Kuk Site re-

73,692.25 Provisions for staff

1,193.08 Salaries for staff

building Fund

13,864.50

13,311.94

5,831.30 Provisions for sickroom and destitute persons 4,300.00 Sick room sundries

53,299.52

25,631.85

12,365.89

8,816.53

23,019.07

14,150.15

4,328.65

1,253.68

3.289.02

Contributions from Theatres

1,440.00

2,500.00 Insurance

7,472.38

573.65

Crown rent and taxes

Subscriptions from coffin home

1,800.00

13,578.07

Interest on loans and deposits

10,948.13

Grant to Old Men's Asylum, Kowloon

100.00

Premium on notes and discount on goods pur-

chased

1,575.47

Sundries for coffin home and burial ground Small pox Hospital expenses

621.77

1,094.35

Stamps and stationery

2,859.28

Fees from Patients

8,663.14

Rents from coffin home

16,065.90

Grant to Kwong Wah Hospital

15,500.00

Sale of medicines and kitchen refuse, boat-hire

and rent from ambulance

17

Tung Wah Eastern Hospital

25,200.00

Grant to Fong Pin Hospital ....

1,000.00

7,528.58

Rent from Yat Pit Ting and Wing Pit Ting Rent from iron burner

980.00

1,248.00

Receipts for meals supplied to returned emigrants Subscription from charitable boxes

40.65

Burial of bodies by Tung Wah Hospital Burial of bodies by Government Mortuary Interest on Deposits

2,720.14

1,813.43

1,925.24

630.22

Coffins for bodies buried by Tung Wali Hospital...

5,116.84

Theatrical Performances

various Residences

4,118.90

2,414.90 Balance

1,9

""

""

Government Mortuary

4,186.50

33,015.54

Receipts from Sale of Flowers

3,001.58

""

21

""

Race Cash Sweeps Profit

35,735.00

Transferred from Po Leung Kuk Site Re-building

Fund Rent Account

10,190.51

Transferred from Tung Wah Hospital Re-

building Fund Rent Account

5,237.48

Total

$879,984.27

Total

$879,984.27

The balance of $33,015.54 consists of the following credit balances:

Tung Wah Hospital

Tung Wah Eastern Hospital

Kwong Wah Hospital

Emergency Fund

$168,144.76 122,701.66 22,241.49 99,149.88

- 1

Hospital

Current Account with Kwong Wah Hospital

J

""

Man Mo Temple

Tung Wah Hospital Re-

building Fund

84,104.20 74,835.90 27,637.79

urrent Account with Awong Wah Hospital

76,412.24

12

J

Tung Wah Eastern Hos-

pital

83,045.69

"

??

500.00

Man Mo Temple

28,015.03

12

"

Po Leung Kuk Site Re-

""

building Fund

13,864.50

San Mi Year Land Pur-

Emergency Fund

Kap Shut Year New Hos-

pital Re-building Fund

81.55

73,820.37

chasing Fund

12,575.88

Sun Mi Year Land Pur-

""

7

Kap Shut Tung Wah Hos- pital Re-building Fund

chasing Fund

2,935.58

""

7,026.13

""

Po Leung Kuk Site re-

Subscriptions from coffin home

Rent from house Property

Subscriptions collected from Steamers Annual subscriptions of Hongs

Annual subscriptions from wealthy persons Subscriptions and donations

Subscriptions from charitable persons

Special contributions for supply of medicines,

quilted clothing, coffins and shrouds

Government Grants

Government Grants for coffins

Government Grant for Western medicines

Grant from Man Mo Temple

Contributions from Theatres

Western drugs

1,636.90 Repairs

8,000.00

Destitutes and Patients' passages

10,000.00 Repairs to landed property

2,500.00 Lights

73,692.25 Provisions for staff

building Fund

13,864.50

1,193.08 Salaries for staff

13,311.94

4,300.00 Sick room sundries

5,831.30 Provisions for sickroom and destitute persons

53,299.52

25,631.85

14,678.49 Hospital and destitute persons sundries

9,330.12 Chinese drugs

12,365.89

8,816.53

23,019.07

14,150.15

4,328.65

1,253.68

3,289.02

2,500.00 Insurance

7,472.38

1,440.00

573.65

1,800.00

Crown rent and taxes

13,578.07

Interest on loans and deposits

Premium on notes and discount on goods pur-

chased

1,575.47

Small pox Hospital expenses

10,948.15 Sundries for coffin home and burial ground

Grant to Old Men's Asylum, Kowloon

100.00

621.77

1,094.35

Fees from Patients

8,663.14

Stamps and stationery

2,859.28

Rents from coffin home

16,065.90

Grant to Kwong Wah Hospital

15,500.00

""

""

Sale of medicines and kitchen refuse, boat-hire

and rent from ambulance

Rent from Yat Pit Ting and Wing Pit Ting Rent from iron burner

Receipts for meals supplied to returned emigrants Subscription from charitable boxes

Receipts from Sale of Flowers

7,528.58

19

21

Grant to Fong Pin Hospital

Tung Wah Eastern Hospital

25,200.00

1,000.00

980.00

1,248.00

40.65 630.22

Burial of bodies by Tung Wah Hospital Burial of bodies by Government Mortuary Interest on Deposits

2,720.14

1,813.43

1,925.24

Coffins for bodies buried by Tung Wah Hospital...

5,116.84

Theatrical Performances

2,414.90 Balance

17

J

"}

Government Mortuary

4,186.50

various Residences

4,118.90

33,015.54

3,001.58

Race Cash Sweeps Profit

35,735.00

Transferred from Po Leung Kuk Site Re-building

Fund Rent Account

10,190.51

Transferred from Tung Wah Hospital Re-

building Fund Rent Account

5,237.48

Total

$879,984.27

Total

$879,984.27

The balance of $33,015.54 consists of the following credit balances:-

Tung Wah Hospital

Tung Wah Eastern Hospital

Kwong Wah Hospital

Emergency Fund

Man Mo Temple

$168,144.76 122,701.66

22,241.49

99,149.88

2,997.51

$415,235.30

from which must be deducted the following debit balances:---

San Mi Year Land Purchasing Fund... $194,385.78

Po Leung Kuk Site Re-building Fund

79,322.31

Kap Shut Year New Hospital Re-

building Fund

86,525.74

Tung Wah Hospital Re-building Fund

21,985.93

382,219.76

(FOR PARTICULARS SEE SEPARATE SHEET ATTACHED)

P. H. SIN,

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NG CHAK WA

$ 33,015.54

Translated from the Chinese Account Statements by

LI TUNG, Auditor.

INCOME.

Funds brought forward from 1934

ORDINARY

C 38

Table IX.

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL

INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT 1935.

$

C.

EXPENDITURE.

166,097.09 MAINTENANCE

Provisions:-

Food for Staff

C.

Subscriptions:-

Annual subscriptions from Hongs...$ 5,831.30 Subscriptions collected on steamers

sick room

$13,311.94 25,631.85

38,943.79

1,193.08

Subscriptions from charitable

Surgery and Dispensary:-

Chinese drugs

$23,019.07

persons

9,330.12

Western drugs

14,150.15

Subscriptions from wealthy persons

4,300.00

37,169.22

Subscriptions and donations

14,673.49

Establishments:

Subscriptions from charitable boxes

630.22

Lights

$ 7,472.38

35,958.21

Insurance

573.65

Grants:-

Repairs ....

4,328.65

Government

for coffins

$ 8,000.00 10,000.00

Repairs to Hospital property

3,289.02

Sick room expenses

??

12,365.89

western medicine..

11

>>

2,500.00

Small pox hospital expenses

1,094.35

From Theatres

1)

Man Mo Temple

Special contributions:-

For Mortuary expenses

For supply of medicines, quilted clothing, coffins and shrouds

Investments:-

Rents from house property

Yat Pit Ting and Wing

2,500.00

Coffin home and burying ground

23,000.00

expenses

621.77

Crown rent and taxes

13,578.07

....

$ 1,800.00 1,440.00

1,636.90

43,323.78

Salaries, wages &c.:-

Staff salaries

4,876.90

Sundries

$53,299.52 8,816.53

62,116.05

coffin home

.$73,692.25 16,065.90

Appeals, grants, &c.:-

Destitutes & Patients' passages

$ 1,253.68

Kwong Wah Hospital

15,500.00

Pit Ting

iron burner

""

37

Interest

980.00 1,248.00 10,948.15

Tung Wah Eastern Hospital

25,200.00

Old Men's Asylum, Kowloon Fong Pin Hospital

100.00

1,000.00

102,934.30

43,053.68

Other receipts:-

Premium on notes and discount on

goods purchased

Miscellaneous:-

Stationery, &c.

.$ 2,859.28

Fee from Patients

$ 1,575.47 8,663.14

Burial of bodies by Tung Wah

Hospital

2,720.14

Sale of medicines, kitchen refuse, boat-hire and rent from red cross ambulance

Coffins of bodies buried by Tung

Wah Hospital

5,116.84

7,528.58

Burial of bodies by Government

17.767.19

Mortuary

1,813.43

Coffins for bodies

buried by

EXTRAORDINARY

Government

4,186.50

Receipts for meals supplied to

Interest on deposits

1,925.24

returned emigrants

.$ 40.65

18,621.43

Subscriptions from Theatrical Per-

formances

2,414.90

Balance

168,144.76

Subscriptions from various Re-

sidences

4,118.90

Receipts from sale of Flowers

3,001.58

Transferred from Po Leung Kuk

Re-building Fund Rent Account 10,190.51 Transferred from Kap Shut Year

Tung Wah Hospital Re-building

Fund Rent Account

5,237.48

Receipts from Sale of Race Cash

Sweep Profit .....

35,735.00

60,739.02

Total

$411,372.71

Total

$411,372.71

MUSCUL

Subscriptions from wealthy persons Subscriptions and donations Subscriptions from charitable boxes

Grants:-

Government

4,300.00 14,673.49

14,150.13

37,169.22

630.22

Establishments:-

Lights

$7,472.38

35,958.21

Insurance

573.65

Repairs

4,328.65

$ 8,000.00

Repairs to Hospital property

3,289.02

for coffins

10,000.00

Sick room expenses

12,365.89

western medicine..

2,500.00

17

Small pox hospital expenses

1,094.35

Man Mo Temple

2,500.00

Coffin home and burying ground

23,000.00

expenses

621.77

Special contributions:-

Crown rent and taxes

13,578.07

For Mortuary expenses

$1,800.00

43,323.78

From Theatres

1,440.00

For supply of medicines, quilted clothing, coffins and shrouds

Salaries, wages &c.:

1,636.90

Staff salaries

$53,299.52

4,876.90

Sundries

8,816.53

Investments:-

62,116.05

Rents from house property

$73,692.25

Appeals, grants, &c.:-

coffin home

16,065.90

>>

Destitutes & Patients' passages

$1,253.68

*"

Yat Pit Ting and Wing

Kwong Wah Hospital

15,500.00

Pit Ting

980.00

Tung Wah Eastern Hospital

25,200.00

iron burner

Interest

1,248.00) 10,948.15

Old Men's Asylum, Kowloon

100.00

Fong Pin Hospital

1,000.00

102,934.30

43,053.68

Other receipts:-

Premium on notes and discount on

goods purchased

Miscellaneous:-

Stationery, &c.

$ 2,859.28

Fee from Patients

$ 1,575.47 8,663.14

Burial of bodies by Tung Wah

Hospital

2,720.14

Sale of medicines, kitchen refuse, boat-hire and rent from red cross ambulance

Coffins of bodies buried by Tung

Wah Hospital

5,116.84

7,528.58

Burial of bodies by Government

17,767.19:

Mortuary

1,813.43

Coffins for bodies

buried by

EXTRAORDINARY

Government

4,186.50

Receipts for meals supplied to

returned emigrants

Interest on deposits

1,925.24

$

40.65

18,621.43

Subscriptions from Theatrical Per-

formances

2,414.90

Balance

168,144.76

Subscriptions from various Re-

sidences

4,118.90

Receipts from sale of Flowers

3,001.58

Transferred from Po Leung Kuk

Re-building Fund Rent Account 10,190.51 Transferred from Kap Shut Year

Tung Wah Hospital Re-building Fund Rent Account

5,237.48

Receipts from Sale of Race Cash

Sweep Profit

35,735.00

60,739.02

Total

$411,372.71

P. H. SIN,

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NG CHAK WA.

Total

Translated from Chinese Account Statements by

LI TUNG, Auditor.

$411,372.71

Hong Kong, 24th March, 1936.

A t

Dr.

To withdrawal during 1935

""

Balance

Table X.

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

Statement of Current Accounts for 1935.

Kwong Wah Hospital Current Account.

Cr.

$76,412.24 By Balance brought forward from 1934...

22,241.49

,, Deposits during 1935

$ 23,817.83

74,835.90

$ 98,658.73

$ 98,653.73

Dr.

To withdrawal during 1935

""

Balance

3

1、

ן

Man Mo Temple Current Account.

Cr.

$28,015.03 By Balance brought forward from 1934 ... $ 3,374.75

2,997.51

$ 31,012.54

Deposits during 1935

27,637.79

$31,012.54

39

Dr.

To withdrawal during 1935

Balance

""

Dr.

To withdrawal during 1935

Balance

Table X,-Continued.

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

Statement of Current Accounts for 1935.

Emergency Fund Current Account.

Cr.

81.55 By Balance brought forward from 1934 ... $ 99,231.43

.99,149.88

$99,231.43

$.99,231.43

Tung Wah Eastern Hospital Current Account.

Cr.

$83,045.69 By Balance brought forward from 1934

$121,648.09

""

122,701.66 Deposits during 1935

84,104.26

$205,747.35

$205,747.35

Table X,-Continued.

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

Statement of Current Accounts for 1935.

3.5

Kap Shut Year New Hospital Site Re-Building Fund Current Account.

Dr.

To Balance brought forward from 1934

;; withdrawals during 1935

$ 19,731.50 By Rent received during 1935

73,820.37

Balance

1.1

$93,551.87

Cr..

$ 7,026.13

86,525.74

$93,551.87

L

Dr.

San Mi Year Land Purchasing Fund.

Cr.

To Balance brought forward from 1934

$204,026.08 By Rent &c. received during 1935

$12,575.88

15

withdrawals during 1935.

2,935.58

Balance

194,385.78

""'

$206,961.66-

$206,961.66

REPTOMA

1970 X

Table X,-Continued.

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL. Statement of Current Accounts for 1935.

Po Leung Kuk Site Re-Building Fund.

Dr.

To Balance brought forward from 1934

's

withdrawals during 1935-

$ 79,322.31 By Rent received during 1935

13,864.50 - Balance.

$93,186.81

Dr.

Tung Wah Hospital Old Site Re-Building Fund.

To Balance brought forward from 1934 $ 22,485.93 By Charitable persons Subscriptions

$ 22,485.93

Balance

"

Translated from Chinese Account Statements by LI TUNG, Auditor.

P. H. SIN,

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NG CHAK WA.

Cr.

$ 13,864.50

79,322.31

$ 93,186.81

€

Cr.

500.00

21,985.93

$ 22,485.93

Hong Kong, 24th March, 1936.

G 42

Q

Table XI.

TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL, CASH ACCOUNT 1985.

RECEIPTS.

$

PAYMENTS.

$

C.

Balance from last year's account

34,379.34

Balance with Tung Wah Hospital at end of last

year

121,643.09

Current Account with Tung Wah Hospital

Balance left with Tung Wah Hospital at end of

last year

121,643.09

84,104.26

Current Account with Tung Wah Hospital ....... Grant from Tung Wah Hospital

83,045.69

Salaries to Staff

27,996.78

25,200.00

Government Grant

25,000.00

Provisions for Staff

""

7,352.39

sick room

11,909.65

,,

Government Grant for Western Medicine

22

Grant from Chinese Temples

Subscriptions from wealthy persons

Interest on loans and deposits

Fees from Patients and rents of rooms

Rent's from landed property

2,500.00

Sundry expenses for sick room

4,608.63

...

Opium Relief

2,072.00

hospital

4,049.39

6,000.00

Chinese medicine

14,452.00

100.00

Western medicine

8,943.70

charitable persons

21,103.04

Repairs, &c.

3,924.32

1,462.50

Lights

4,165.04

14,476.43

Crown Rent

1.00

1,974.50

Stationery, Stamps & advertisement

3,031.83

Premium on notes and discount on goods

purchased

Coffins

556.83

Burial Expenses

Sale of kitchen refuse, patients' ricksha hire, &e.

3,917.27

Water Account

Coal

$343,430.69

Translated from Chinese Account Statements by

1

Sundry expenses for branch establishment for giving free medical advice and free medicine Porcelain portraits of subscribers of sums of

$500.00 or over Balance in hand

9.00 33,374.44

$343,430.69

3,206.00

706.19

1,268.75

2,583,66

6,020.67

P. H. SIN,

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NG CHAK WA,

5 7. SEM

LI TUNG, Auditor.

Hong Kong, 24th March, 1936.

Table XII.

THE TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL Income and Expenditure Account 1935.

44

INCOME.

Account brought from 1934

EXPENDITURE.

€

156,022.43

ORDINARY..

-Maintenance

Ordinary :-

Provisions for Staff

7,352.39

Subscriptions from wealthy persons $ 100.00

"" sick room,

11,909.65

charitable

"J

""

21,103.04

19,262.04

21,203.04

Surgery and Dispensary :-

:--________

Grants

Chinese drugs.

14,452.00

Government

25,000,00

Western drugs

.8,943.70

for Western medicine

2,500.00

23,395.70

Opium Relief

2,072,00

Establishments.

Grant from Tung Wah Hospital

25,200.00

Light

4,165.04

Chinese Temples

6,000.00

Repairs, &c..

3,924.32

60,772.00

Sick room expenses.

4,608.63

Investments :-

Crown rent

.1.00

Interest

1,462,50

12,698,99

Rents

1,974.50

Salaries, &c.

3,437.00

Staff salaries

27,996.78

Other Receipts :~

Hospital sundries

.4,049.39

Fees from patients and rent of room 14,476.43

32,046,17

Premium on notes and discount on

Miscellaneous-

goods purchased

556.83

Stationery, stamps & advertisements 3,031.83

Sale of kitchen refuse and patients'

Coffins

3,206.00

ricksha-hire, &c.

3,917.27

Water

1,268.75

18,950.53

. Burial expenses

786.19

Coal

2,583.66

Procelain portraits of subscribers of

$500.00 or over

9.00

10,885,43

Branch establishment for giving free medical

advice and medicine

6,020.57

Balance

156,076.10

$260,385.00

$260,385.00

!

Table XII.-Continued.

Tung Wah Hospital Current Account.

Dr.

Cr.

To Balance brought forward from 1934

$121,643.09

By Amount received from Tung Wah Hospital

during 1935

$ 83,045.69

,, Amount paid in Tung Wah Hospital during

1935

84,104.26

$205,747.35

29

Balance in Tung Wah Hospital

1

122,701.66

$205,747.35

FINANCIAL POSITION OF THE TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL.

Cash balance as per Cash Account

Credit balance with Tung Wah Hospital ..........

$ 33,374.44

122,701.66

$156,076.10

P. H. SIN, Chairman of Board of Directors.

NG CHAK WA,

Translated from the Chinese Account Statement.

C 45

LI TUNG, Auditor.

Hong Kong, 24th March, 1936.

:

-C 46

Table XIII.

KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.

Cash Account 1935.

RECEIPTS.

C.

PAYMENTS.

**

AT

C.

Balance brought forward from previous year

3,220.33

Current Account with Tung Wah Hospital ......

74,842.00

2

Government Grant

8,500.00

Salaries for Hospital Staff

29,652.39

Government Special Donation

25,000.00

Provisions for Staff

9,337.08

Government Donation for Western Drugs

2,500.00

Hospital Sundries

2,637.46

Government Donation for giving free coffins

7,000.00

Provisions for patients

:12,056.45

Tung Wah Hospital Current Account

76,418.34

Sick Room Expenses

2,897.84

Grant from Tung Wah Hospital

15,500.00

Charcoal

1,131.35

Subscription from charitable persons and Yearly

Chinese Drugs

24,059.48

subscriptions

10,200.86

Western Drugs

12,477.80

Subscriptions from Ko Shing, Lee and Po Hing

Lights

5,535.77

Theatres

2,091.10

Telephone Rent

476.60

Donations from A Fong and Yim Fong Photo-

Stationery, Stamps and Advertisements

1,915.03

graphers

700.00

Water

250.02

Donations from Old Yaumati Chinese Public

Dispensary

Repairs and Furnitures

1,936,94

3,664.00

Coffins

7,561.77

Sale of Chinese medicine

370.30

Burial of bodies from Hospital Mortuary

1,048.20

Miscellaneous income

460.98

Burial of bodies from Old Men's Asylum

30.10

Payments by in-patients and for drugs

13,685.55

Burial of bodies from Yaumati Public Mortuary

620.95

Amount transferred from Free Chinese Drugs

Grave Stones

364.00

Special Fund to Income and Expenditure a/c.

6,785.05

Crown Rent

*13.00

Hung Shing Temple Current Account

1,380.00

Hung Shing Temple Current Account

1,380.00

Shui Yuet Kung Current Account

6,300.00

Shui Yuet Kung Current Account

6,300.00

Tin Hau Temple Current Account

11,639.42

Tin Hau Temple Current Account.

11,639.42

Rent from Wharf

300.00

Bedding and Clothing for patients

1,276.82

Rent from Ambulance and iron burner

2,257.00

Free Chinese Drugs Special Fund Current A/C.

8,355.91

Donated Property Rent Collection Fund Current

Account

:

612.32

Various Deposits Received

550.00

Paid in connection with Ambulance

452.15

Cost of meals supplied to nurses recoverable Discounts and Exchange

2,570.00

522.70

Free Chinese Drugs Special Fund Current A/C. Western Medicines Utensils

8,355.91

81.87

Donated Property Rent Collection Fund Current

Account

Amount transferred from Donated Property Rent

Collection Fund to Income and Expenditure. Amount transferred from Shui Yuet Kung, Tin Hau Temple and Hung Shing Temple Current Accounts to Income and Expenditure Account

Surgical Instruments

1,963.38

612.32

Various Deposits Refunded

2,086.67

Balance

3,373.01

314.22

15,467.70

$226,365.78

$226,365.78

P. H. SIN,

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NG CHAK WA,

Translated from the Chinese Account Statements by

LI TUNG, Auditor.

Hong Kong, 24th March, 1936.

♪

INCOME.

- C 47

Table XIV.

KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.

Income and Expenditure Account 1935.

C.

EXPENDITURE.

C.

Balance from previous account including $1,252.76 advanced for building of Hung Shing Temple..

A.-MAINTENANCE.

23,424.32

Provisions :-

A.-ORDINARY.

Staff Patients

.$ 9,337.08

12,056.45

Payment for meals supplied to nurse

recovered

21,393.53

.$ 2,570.00

Dispensary :-

Amount transferred from Free Chinese

Drugs Special Fund

Chinese Drugs

24,059.48

6,785.05

Western Drugs

12,477.80

Amount transferred from Donated

36,537.28

Property Rent Collection Fund

Rent from Temple and Wharf

314.22

Establishments :-

300.00

Lights

5,535.77

Rent from Ambulance & Iron Burner

2,257.00

Furniture and repairs

1,936.94

12,226.27

Sick room expenses

2,897.84

Government Grant (General)

8,500.00

Charcoal

1,131.35

"

for Western Drugs

2,500.00

Telephone Rent

476.60

for free coffins

7,000.00

Water

250.02

18,000.00

Sundries

2,637.46

Subscriptions:-

Crown Rent

13.00

Tung Wah Hospital

15,500.00

Western medicine Utensils

81.87

Charitable persons

10,200.86

Surgical Instruments

1,963.38

Temples Fund transferred

15,467.70

Bedding & Clothing for patients 1,276.82

---

41,168.56

18,201.05

Donations :-

Salaries

Ko Shing, Lee and Po Hing Theatres

2,091.10

Hospital Staff

29,652.39

A Fong and Yim Fong Photographers Old Yaumati Public Dispensary

700.00

3,664.00

MISCELLANEOUS.

6,455.10

Stationery, Stamps & Advertisements

1,915.03

Patients Payments :-

Coffins

7,561.77

In and Out Patients

Chinese Drugs sold

13,685.55 370.30

Burial of bodies from Hospital

14,055.85

Mortuary

1,048.20

Burial of bodies from Yaumati

Other receipts:

Public Mortuary

620.95

Discounts and Exchange

522.70

Burial of bodies from Old Men's

Miscellaneous income

460.98

Asylum

30.10

983.68

Grave Stones

364.00

Payments in connection with Am-

B.-EXTRAORDINARY.

bulance

452.15

Donations :-

11,992.20

Government Special Donations

25,000.00

$141,313.78

Balance

23,537.33

$141,313.78

P. H. SIN,

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NG CHAK WA,

Translated from the Chinese Account Statement by

LI TUNG, Auditor.

Hong Kong, 24th March, 1936.

Dr.

Table XV.

FINANCIAL POSITION OF THE KWONG WAH HOSPITAL 1935.

Free Chinese Drugs Special Fund Deposited with Tung Wah Hospital.

To Balance deposit with Tung Wah Hos-

pital at the end of 1934

Crown Rent and Rates

Repairs

,, Sundry Expenses

""

Amount transferred to Kwong Wah

Hospital

Cr.

$64,761.80 1,822.46 199.05 49.35

22.

By Donation from wealthy persons

Interest received

$

400.00

2,759.61

15.

Rent received Balance

5,196.30

64,761.80

6,785.05

$78,117.71

$73,117.71

C 48

Dr.

Tung Wah Hospital Current Account.

To Balance deposited with Tung Wah Hos-

pital at the end of 1934

Amount paid to Tung Wah Hospital

- during 1984

Cr.

$23,817.83

74,842.00

By Amount received from Tung Wah

Hospital Balance in Tung Wah Hospital at end

of 1985

$76,418.34

22,241.49

$98,659.83

$98,659.88

Table XV,-Continued. Hung Shing Temple Account.

$

1

31.00 By Rent received from temple keeper

Dr.

To Sundry Expenses

Amount transferred to Kwong Wah

Hospital

Cr.

$ 1,380.00

1,349.00

$ 1,380.00

$ 1,380.00

Donated Property Rent Collection Fund Account.

Cr.

$183.96 By Amount of Rent Received

$

600.00

60.00 54.14

Rates Refunded by Government

12.32

L'

314.22 1.

$

612.32

Dr.

To Crown Rent and Rates

,, Subscription to Yan Oi Hospital

"

Sundry Expenses

+

,, Amount transferred to Kwong Wah

Hospital

49

Dr.

To Crown Rent

,, Amount transferred to Kwong Wah

Hospital

Shui Yuet Kung Account.

$

612.82

Or.

$ 1.00 By Rent received from temple keeper... $6,300.00

6,299.00

$ 6,300.00

.

$ 6,300.00

Dr.

Table XV,-Continued.

Building Operation Room and Segregation Room Fund.

}

To Balance at end of 1935 ...

3.

Dr.

To Repairs

Crown Rent

Sundry Expenses.

,,Amount transferred to Kwong Wah-

Hospital

$

824.93 By Balance from last year's Account

$ 324.93

I

Tin Tau Temple Account.

Cr:

324.93

$.... 324.93

Cr.

$

4.80

108:56 By Rent from Temple Keepers

Rent received

$ 8,990.05

2,649.37

37.75

11,488.31

Dr.

To Deposit Refunded to Yee Kee

Balance

?

50

$11,639.42

Various Deposits Accounts.

$ 2,086.67 By Balance from last year

3,005.00 ,, Deposits by Chan Chuek Chor and

Wong Yu

$ 5,091.67

$11,639.42

Or.

$ 4,541.67

<

550.00

$ 5,091.67

Table XV,-Continued.

Financial position of the Kwong Wah Hospital.

KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.

Balance Sheet at 31st December, 1935.

Liabilities.

Assets.

Rebuilding Operation Room and Segrega- $ 324.93

tion Room Fund

Various Deposits

Chinese Drugs Special Fund Balance

3,005.00 64,761.80 23,587.88

Kwong Wah Hospital General Fund in

Cash Kwong Wah Hospital General Fund de-

posited with Tung Wah Hospital ....... Free Chinese Drugs Special Fund de--

posited with Tung Wah Hospital Debit balance due by Hung Shing Temple

Reconstruction Fund

$ 3,373,01

22,241.49

64,761.80

1,252.76

$91,629.06

$91,629.06

LI TUNG, Auditør.

Hong Kong, 24th March, 1936.

P. H. SIN,

Translated from the Chinese Account Statements by

Chairman of Board of Directors.

NG CHAK WA.

makabi

51-

*

52

Table XVI.

The following table shows the comparative expenditure under certain headings at Tung Wah Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital, and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital during 1935. (For full details of income and expenditure see Tables IX, XII, XIV).

Food for

Hospitals.

Salaries and wages

staff and

Western Medicine.

Chinese Medicine.

patients.

Tung Wah Hospital

53,299.52

38,943.79 14,150.15 23,019.07

Kwong Wah

Hospital

....

29,652.39 21,393.53 12,477.80

24,059.48

Tung Wah

Eastern

Hospital

27,996.78 19,262.04 8,943.70 18,275.11

Total.....$ 110,948.69 79,599.36 35,571.65

65,353.66

1

.-*-

ļ

Table XVII.

The following table shows the comparative numbers of cases treated at Tung Wah Hospital,

Kwong Wah Hospital and Tung Wah Eastern Hospital during the year 1935.

Western Medicine. Chinese Medicine.

Hospitals.

In- Out- In- Out- patients. patients. patients.. patients.

Mater- nity Cases.

Vaccina- Eye

tions. Clinic.

Baby Clinic.

Deaths.

Tung Wah Hospital... 7,088

}

Kwong Wah Hospital

7,186

34,748 4,840 170,584

38,822 3,474 162,779

1,833 2,658 16,312

4,489 1,858 3,590

2,523 .2,523

5,288

...4,075

Tung Wah Eastern

Hospital

4,778

28,122 2,185 61,358

1,154

438

1,661

+

Total

19,052 101,692, 10,499 394,721

7,4264,954 19,902 7,811

8,259

F.

@ 53

Table XVIII.

Statement of Receipts and Payments of Man Po Temple Fund Account, 1935.

Receipts.

Amount.

Payments.

Amount.

.C.

$ 0.

To Balance brought forward from 1934

3,374.75 By Donation to Tung Wah Hospital

2,500:00

,, Rent of Temple property

15,151.27

Expenses of Free School

18,883.87

Rent from temple keeper

4,965.73

Repairs to properties and Schools

540.42

....

11

Government grant to schools

7,260.00

31

Miscellaneous receipts,

260,79

Police rates, Crown rent and Insurance

premium.

Water Rates

1. Miscellaneous payments

2,953.38

1,703.71

1,433.65

Balance ..................

2,997.51

Total

$ 81,012.54

1994 KAN

Total

$

31,012.54

{

!

}

Table XIX.

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

Statement of Receipts and Payments of Emergency Fund Account 1935.

Receipts.

Amount.

Payments.

Amount.

$

C.

$

To Balance from account 1934

99,231.43

By Passage money for destitutes

81.55

Balance

99,149.88

Total

$ 99,231.43

Total.

.$ 99,231.43

Table XX.

Receipts and Payments of the Brewin Charity during the year 1935.

Receipts.

Amount.

To Interest

Subscriptions

12

33

Rent from house property

""

12

??

Current account with Shanghai Bank .. Current account with Mr. Lau Yung Yan' Current account with Mr, Kan Iu Cho.. Mortgage paid off by Mr. U Nga Ping ... Interest on fixed deposit of Wong Fung

Sze with Shanghai Bank

Cash balance brought forward from the'

previous year

Total

454.00 165,33

45,000.00

A

Payments.

Amount.

$

C.

$

C.

10,396.37 By Charity

10,797.50

699.00 1,186.07

Subscription to Old Men's Home

1,800.00

">

Salary

210.00

8,805.55

Purchase of house property·

47,341.00

a

Miscellaneous expenses

36.80

"

Current account with Shanghai Bank. Current account with Mr. Lau Yung

Yan

5,416.77

757.12

45.28

1,479.21

Current account with Mr. Kan Iu Cho Interest to Wong Fung Sze on fixed

deposit with Shanghai Bank

67.43

45.28

Balance

'1,708.91

.68,180.81

Total

68,180.81

(Sgd.) SIN PING HEI,

Director of Tung Wah Hospital.

Table XXI.

THE BREWIN FUND.

Balance Sheet, December 31st, 1935. ·

€ 57

Liabilities.

Mr. Kan Iu Cho

Wong Fung Sze (per contra)

Amount,

C.

House property

Assets.

Amount,

$ .c.

Surplus

Less deficit for 1935

.$190,640.91

97.90

1,554.52

Current account with Shanghai Bank Loan to Mr. Lau Yung Yan on mortgage of

houses Nos. 13 and 15, Temple Street Current account with Mr. Lau Yung Yan.. Loan to Mr. Kan Iu Cho on mortgage of house

47,341.00 272.92

12,000.00

303.12

612.86

property in Wanchai Road

16,000.00

190,028.05

Loan to Messrs. Chan Tsat and Li Sze Ngai on

mortgage of houses Nos. 7 and 19, Temple Street

16,000.00

Loan to Mr. Tsoi Yung Chun on mortgage of

house No. 17, Temple Street

6,000.00

Loan to Mr. Lo Luk on mortgage of house No.

82, Whitfield

8,500.00

Loan to Mr. Ho Nai Hing on mortgage of house

property in Jervois Street

40,000.00

Loan to Mr. Ip Shau on mortgage of house No.

136, Hollywood Road

10,000.00

Loan to Mr. Shiu Iu Ki on mortgage of house

No. 238, Hollywood Road

20,000.00

Loan on mortgage and further charges for the

Confucian Association in respect of house No.' 18A, Stanley Street

12,000.00

Fixed deposit and interest of Wong Fung Sze

with Shanghai Bank

1,554.52

Cash

1,708.91

Total

191,680,47

Total

191,680.47

JPG VIT

Table XXII.

Summary of work done in the Chinese Public Dispensaries during 1985.

Dispensaries.

(a)

PATIENTS.

New Cases. Cases.

Old

(d) :... Patients:

(e) Adult

removed.

Corpses

(g) **Dead' '

to

removed

Infants

(i) Gynaecological cases seen by Lady Doctor.

Hospitals by Ambu-

to

brought

Hospital

to' Dis-

or Mor-

pensary.

New Cases.

Old ¡Cases.

lance.

tuary.

>

Central

34,056 34,247

11

1

15

15

:

41

4,990

311

679

Eastern

17,526 19,554

13

LO

5

* 12

50

50

,202

6,183

541

909*

Western

23,868 17,242

31

7

3

24

24

304

6,229

CJ

Shaukiwan

26,022

46,885

18

62

242

9,231

..801

1,288-

Aberdeen

8,705

6,371

54

סא

3

1,039

..308

315.

#

Harbour and

Yaumati

48,002

37,396

46

128

27

1

1

133 11,836

1,508

1,832

Shamshuipo....

35,436

21,726

6

37

13

13

270

13,877

885

1,861

Hung Hom

3,540

810

12

43

į 11

2

2

33

1,766

449

*.369

Kowloon City

20,656 10,312

56

55

6

7

7

135

5,682

434

868

Total for 1935

217,811

194,743

193

391.

64

:

115,

115

1,360

60,893. 5,237

8,111

Total for 1934

188,885 159,932

237

422

66

81

1,471

54,283

4,730

5,528

Table XXIII,

Summary of work done in the Chinese Public Dispensaries during years 1984 and 1985.

• (a)

PATIENTS.

Dispensaries.

New

Old Cases. Cases.

}

(i) Gynaecological cases seen by

(d)

(e) Patients Adult removed Corpses

to

removed

· (g) Dead

Infants

Lady Doctor.

Hospitals

by Ambu-

to Hospital

brought

to Dis-

New

Old

or 'Mor-

pensary.

Cases.

Cases.

lance.

tuary.

(

C 59

Central

.1934.

25,998 1935... 34,056

25,871

20

2

3

29

3,781

257

34,247

391

11

Eastern

.1934... 14,532

13,140

9

3

1935... 17,526

19,554

13:

5...

Western.

..1934... 17,193

14,554

21

21

1935...

23,868

17,242

31

7

Shaukiwan

.1934...

25,484

40,027

13

61

1935...

26,022

46,885

18

*62**

Aberdeen

..1934...

7,714

6,475

47

1935...

8,705

6,371

54

Harbour and

Yaumati

.1934...

41,845

35,742

41

93

24

1935... 48,002

37,396

46

128

.27

NÃO CANHAGE

1

.15

41

4,990

311

679

17

31

216

4,288

549

615

12

50

202

6,183

541

909

15

26

*328

4,909

3

24

:

304

6,229

...

6

193

7,316

817

964

1

3

242

9,231

801

1,288

991

271

252

1,039

308

315

Shamshuipo

..1934... 25,456

13,060

4

32

1935...

35,436

21,726

6

37

13

Hung Hom

.1934

12,690

3,030

61...

109

1935..

3,540

810

12

43

11

211122

172

9,638

1,400

1,376

133

11,896

1,508

1,832*

268

12,778

877

1,334

270

13,877

885

1,861,

155..

6,200

325

269

:33

Kowloon City.....1934..

17,973

1,766

449

8,033

359

68

54

1935..

| 20,656

10,312

56

55

66

110

4,382

234

327

7

135

5,682

434

868

Total for

......1934

*188,885

159,932

237

422

1935...

217,811

194,743

193

391

64

65595

66

81

1,471

54,283

4,730

5,528

115

1,360

60,893

,237

8,111

Receipts.

:

C 60

Table XXIV.

CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.

Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1935.

C.

$ C.

Expenditure.

$ c.

$ C.

To Balance

71,608.93 By Maintenance of

Grant by Hong Kong Govern-

ment

Dispensaries:-

9,500.00

Victoria

30,842.39

Grant from General Chinese

Harbour & Yaumati

9,933.49

""

Donation from:

,"

"?

Charities Fund

Pei Ho Theatre

Taiping Theatre

Prince Theatre

Ko Shing Theatre

Lee Theatre

Central Theatre

Subscriptions, Land

6,000:00

Shaukiwan

9,816.48

Kowloon City

6,713.21

2,000.00

Aberdeen

5,384.53

1,000.00

62,690.10

1,000.00

Salaries to seven Street

180.00

120.00

.. 100.00

Pensions

10,802.50

Balance:

Harbour

9,740.70

""

Lecturers of Health Campaign

On Hong Kong Govern-

2,100.00 840.00

Shaukiwan

1,603.75

ment. 4% Conversion

""

Kowloon City Aberdeen

1,210.80

Loan

11,000.00

500.00

On Fixed Deposit

40,000.00

28,257.75

On Fixed Deposit

15,000.00

""

"

Fees from Eastern Maternity

Hospital, Wanchai

Amount transferred from

Shamshuipo Bldg. Fund..

Sale of Bottles to patients...

Interest:

On Hong Kong Govern-

ment 4% Conversion

On Cash

888.09

;

2,368.40

12,800.00 33.85

Advance to Dispen-

+

saries Clerks

140.00

67,028.09

Loan

440.00

On Fixed Deposit

1,500.00

On Current Account

149.26

2,089.26

Total

132,658.19

Total

泉右李

Member of Committee.

132,658.19

W. J. CARRIE,

Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

ban, de **?*NÄ

=

Table XXV.

SHAMSHUIPO DISPENSARY.

Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1935.

Receipts.

To Balance

Grant by Hong Kong Government Subscriptions

Donation from Pei Ho Theatre Rents from 8 houses at Shamshuipo

Total

WONG IU TUNG,

Chairman.

$

C.

Expenditure.

$ C.

15,017.10

2,500.00 16.26 173.95

By Payment through Secretariat for

Chinese Affairs.

3,060.00

""

>>

Payment through local Committee Transfer to

to Chinese Public Dis-

3,329.17

1

2,480.00

pensaries Fund

for building

purposes

12,800:00

Balance:

61 —

Affairs...

At Secretariat for Chinese

With local Committee

$656.00

342.14

998.14

20,187.31

Total

20,187.31

کی

IP WAI SHING,

Accountant.

Table XXVI.

HUNGHOM DISPENSARY.

Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1935.

Receipts.

To Balance

Subscriptions etc.

Donation from:

37

Po Hing Theatre

$

C.

Expenditure.

$

C.

1,524.40 By Payment through Secretariat for

Chinese Affairs

2,034.00

1,905.10

•

Payment through local Committee

3,363.35

!

$ 425.60

Balance:

Scavenging Contractor..... 3,730.00

General Chinese Charities

Fund

1,200.00

5,355.60

Total

8,785.10

LO YUET CHO,

Chairman.

At Secretariat for Chinese

Affairs

$1,318.07

With Local Committee ... 2,069.68

Total

YEUNG YUNG,

Accountant.

3,387.75

8,785.10

:

Table XXVII.

Statement of Receipts and Payments of the Chinese Permanent Cemetery for 1935.

Receipts.

Amount.

$

C.

Payments.

Amount.

$ C.

189.00

17,696.96

3.00

1,578.50

480.00

65.85

16.00

1.00

1.50

3.20

496.00

69

60:00

58,794.54

.$

79,385.55

To Balance,

27

Interest from Hong Kong

and Shanghai Bank,

65,548.22 By Rent of telephone,

Repairs to embankment, and the roads and supply

of numbered stones by Yeung Tam Kee, Printed matters by the Nam Wah & Co., Wages for Yuen Cheung and gardeners,

., Wages for Pun Yan Chin and Chau Wan Kok,

Flower pots, manure, scythes, etc.,

22

163.41

Wages from Họn. Dr. S. W.

11

Tso for refilling vaults, ...

198.00

,, Sale of 123 lots,

6,545.00

Stone Embankment,

1,830.00

""

Interest from fixed deposit

Stamps,

on mortgage of houses, Sale of the spare ground of

3,080.00

Crown Rent of wharf,

Crown Rent,

the Cemetery

2,020.92

Account books purchased from Yu Shing,

* 6,200 trees at the new Cemetery, Tsun Wan

Boundary stones at Tsun Wan

Balance

Total,

$

79,385.55

S. W. TSO, Secretary.

T. N. CHAU, Treasurer.

Total,

By deposits with Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank, $30,627.81

Fixed deposit on mortgage of house No. 2A,

High Street,

8,000.00

>

Fixed deposit on mortgage of house No. 8A,

Babington Path,

20,000.00

Cash,

166.73

$58,794.54

Examined and found correct,

(Sd.) IP LAN CHUN,

Auditor.

Receipts.

Table XXVIII.

CHINESE RECREATION GROUND.

Receipts and Expenditure, 1935.

$ c.

To Balance

Rent of Stalls

11,341.10

""

Interest on money deposited in Treasury!

58.17

Refund of loan from Aberdeen

Industrial School....

3,000.00

Payments.

103.57 By Wages of Watchmen, etc.

Water Account -

? 1

Consumption of Gas

Repairs...

Loan to Aberdeen Industrial School Grant to Aberdeen Industrial School Miscellaneous

Total

14,502.84

Balance

Total

W. J. CARRIE, ...

Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

$

1

969.00 *60.67

: 821.75

48.10

$3,000.00

4,317.43

21.66 5,764.23

14,502.84

T

Receipts.

Table XXIX.

YAUMATI PUBLIC SQUARE.

Receipts and Expenditure, 1935.

$

C.

ප

Payments.

$

C.

To Balance

9,947.78 By Wages of Watchmen, etc.

Rent of Stalls

91

99

Interest on money deposited in Treasury

12,145.49 193.05

Water Account

J9

998.00 249.70

99.

Lights

81.60

Refund of loan from Aberdeen

ๆๆ

19

Repairs

32.50

Industrial School

6,000.00

""

Loan to Aberdeen Industrial School Grant to Aberdeen Industrial School

6,000.00

99

4,536.37

Miscellaneous

26.99

,,

Balance

16,361.16

Total

$

28,286.32

Total

$

28,286.32

W. J. CARRIE,

Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

C 65

Receipts.

Table XXX.

Statement of Accounts of Passage Money Fund, 1935...

$ C.

Payments.

$ c.

$6,250.00 248.32

By Passages to destitutes

Gratuities to destitutes

99.05

72.50

6,498.32

Fees for Hawker's Licei.ces...to.

.

destitutes

14.00

Payment to Shanghai workmen of

**

Sam Yeung Knitting Factory

180.00

Refund of Passage money.

202.00

4919

Subscription to Alice Memo-

rial Hospital

$. 50.00

Subscription to Eyre Dioce-

san Refuge

85.00

80.00

180.00 375.00 1.50

""

135.00

Balance on Fixed Deposit ...$6,250.00 in Colonial Treasury

234.40

6,484.40

To Balance on Fixed Deposit

99

99

รง

99

,,

in Colonial Treasury

Contribution by Chinese

Manufacturers' Union for

relief of the Shanghai workmen of the Sam

Yeung Knitting Factory...$ 100.00 Refund from Sam Yeung

Knitting Factory to Shang- hai workmen of deposits against loan of bed-boards

Passage money received

Miscellaneous receipts

Interest on Fixed Deposit $125.00]

"}

on money deposited

in Treasury

Total

...

7.13

€9

1

132.13

7,186.95

',"",,-,"5,,,!

Total

W. J. CARRIE,

Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

7,186.95

99

Table XXXI.

ACCIDENTS IN FACTORIES, 1935.

ACCIDENTS DUE TO

Total No.

Industries.

Machinery.

Falls.

Due to falling

Burns and Scalds.

Fatalities.

of Accidents.

objects.

Breweries

Canning factories

1

Cement works.

2

Dockyards

2

14 (3)

Engineering & metal works

1

Electricity manufacturing..

2

Ice manufacturing

1

Knitting factories

1

Oil installations

1

Paper dyeing & drying

Pipes-concrete lined fac-

tories

...

Plaster works

1

1

2 (1)

(1)

3 2

2

(3)

1

2

1

2

·1 (1).

(1)

I

Printing works

Rubber shoe factories

Saw mills

Sugar refineries

HANN HO

1 1

1

2-

1

2 (1)

(1)

2

1

3

1

I

2

10

Total

17

24

9

(6)

55

The. Figures in parenthesis denote Fatalities and are included in the total.

C 67-

-00

Receipts.

P

C 68

Table XXXII.

CHINESE TEMPLES FUND...

Statement of Accounts from 1st January to 31st December, 1935.

C.

Expenditure.

C.

C.

To Balance

27

Rent from Temple Keepers of

Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City

Foo Tak Che, Shaukiwan

Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Hom

49,706.79

12,750.00

475.00

2,953.75

Mo Tai Temple, Shamshuipo

963.75

Pak Tai Temple, Cheung Chau Island.

2,980.00

Pak Tai Temple, Shamshuipo

360.00

Tam Kung Temple, Shaukiwan

1,020.00

By maintenance of Chinese Public School

in Kowloon City Grants to:-

J1

Chinese Public Dispensary, Hung Hom

for the years 1934 and 1935 Lok Shin Tong, Kowloon City for 1935] The Kaifong of Hung Hom for the expenses of the Free School in Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Hom

5,315.65

1,200.00 400.00

1,200.00

Sheung Tai Temple, Ma Tau Chung

316,00

Ping Chau Free School

Tam Kung Temple, Wong Nei Chung Fak Tai Temple, Hung Hom Kwun Yum Temple, Aplichau Sam Tai Tsz Temple, Shamshuipo Tin Hau Temple, Wong Nei Chung Yi Pak Kung Temple, Quarry Bay Kwun Yum Temple, Che Wan Shan Tin Hau Temple, To Kwa Wan Tin Hau Temple, Ping Chau Island Pak Tai Temple, Wantsai

1,080.00

201.00

Committee of Tin Hau Temple, Kow-

loon City

200.00

70.00

320.00

3,070.00

3,508.20

Expenses for holding theatrical per-

188.40

formances at :-

320.00

Kowloon City

650.00

652.00

Aplichau

700.00

286.00

Cheung Chau Island

1,400.00

205.20

1,970.00

Tam Kung Temple, Sung Wong Toi

508.25

Ma Tau Chung

Shamshuipo

Shatin

50.00

300.00

300.00

Shing Wong Temple, Bridges Street

500.00

Tai O

100.00

Tin Hau Temple, Shamshuipo

1,730.00

3,500.00

To Ti Temple, Shaukiwan

30.00

Annual

Hau Wong Temple, Tai O

346.70

Chuk Neung Temple, Kowloon City

140.00

subscription

to Confucian

Society for expenses of the Free School at Yuk Hu Kung, Wantsai

520.00

Hung Shing Temple, Aplichau

997.50

"

Repairs to:--

Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan

695.19

Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City

315,00

Che Kung Temple, Shatin

2.884.00

Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Hom

12.88

Tin Hau Temple, Aberdeen

260.00

Tam Kung Temple, Shaukiwan

148,00

Tin Hau Temple, Yaumati

Hung Shing Temple, Wantsai

10,080,60

Kwun Yum Temple, Che Wan Shan

52,50

2,237,59

Tam Kung Temple, Sung Wong Toi

215.00

Hung Shing Temple, Yaumati

954.00

Tin Hau Temple, Aberdeen

250.00

Kwun Yum Temple, Yaumati

6,299.00

Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan

127,80

Kwong Fook Che, Tai Ping Shan

5,014.05

Yi Pak Kung Temple, Quarry Bay,

232.00

Tin Hau Temple, Hoi Chung Sum

Pak Tai Temple, Wantsai-

660.00

Island, To Kwa Wan

2.00

Hau Wong Temple, Tai O

220.00

63,228.18

2,233.18

77

House Rents :-

J

Property of Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon

Transfer to General Chinese Charities

Fund

40,501.24

City

784.12

Property of Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan

405.98

""

Grant from Educational Department for Chinese Public School, Kowloon City Interest

1,190.10

1,440.00 922.84

Grant to Kaifong of Kau Yeuk, Shatin towards the expenses of celebrating a decennial religious festival in honour of the temple

1,000.00

Grant to Tai O Kaifong in aid of the fund for re-constructing a bridge leading to the temple

800.00

Cost of making a kitchen adjoining Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City Advertisement →

398.00

211.00

Balance due to Lau On Kee for erect-

25

ing one Chinese House on N.K.I.L.

2064

150.00

Crown Rent

86.32

>>

Water Account

81.04

"

"

Legal charges for preparation of Crown

Lease and Counterpart of N.K.I,L.

2064

60.00

Rate

68.00

22

17

Stationery and printing

36.15

Meter Rental

19.67

"

>>

Fee for registration of verandah

undertaking of N.K.I.L. 2064

15.00

>>

Repairs to the Free School, Kowloon

City

12.58

Balance

58,410.08

"}

Total

116,487.91

Total

116,487.91

1

TANG SHIU KIN,

Chinese Temples Committee.

W. J. CARRIE,

Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

1:|:ཀྱི ནི ག ག ད ག ག རྟོག

Receipts.

69

Table XXXIII,

GENERAL CHINESE CHARITIES FUND.

Statement of Accounts from 1st January to 31st December, 1935.

C.

的

C.

Expenditure.

C.

€

C.

500.00 6,299.00

300.00

800.00

100.00

800.00

150.00

150.00

Sam Tai Tsz Temple, Shamshuipo Shing Wong Temple, Bridges

Street

2,500.00

300.00

To Balance

Surplus money transferred from: Fook Tak Che, Shaukiwan Hung Shing Temple, Wantsai Hau Wong Temple, Kowloon City Hung Shing Temple, Yaumati Hung Shing Temple, Aplichau Hau Wong Temple, Tai O Kwun Yum Temple, Hung Hom.. Kwong Fook Che, Tai Ping Shan. Kwun Yum Temple, Che Wan

Shan

Kwun Yum Temple, Yaumati Kwun Yum Temple, Aplichau Mo Tai Temple, Shamshuipo Pak Tai Temple, Hung Hom Pak Tai Temple, Wantsai Pak Tai Temple, Shamshuipo Sheung Tai Temple, Ma Tau

Chung

200.00 2,237.59 4,000.00

954.00 500.00

66.00

1,500.00 5,014.05

6,394.58 By grants to:-

VEEEDEEZ IZDIKIBITI

Tung Wah Hospital for expenses Chinose Public Dispensaries Fund

for expenses

Hong Kong Society for the Pro-

tection of Children

Children's Playground Associa-

tion

30,585.24

6,000.00

100.00

100.00

Tung Wah Hospital for expenses Tung Wah Hospital for Kwong Wah Hospital for expenses Tung Wal Hospital for Tung Wah Eastern Hospital for expenses

8,000.00

33,500.00

25,000.00

Tung Wah and Kwong Wah Hos-

pitals for Free Burials

17,000.00

Tung Wah, Kwong Wah and

Tung Wah Eastern Hospitals

for medicine

7,500.00

Chinese Public Dispensaries Fund

for expenses

9,500.00

Chinese Public

Dispensary,

Shamshuipo

2,500.00

Tam Kung Temple, Sung Wong

Toi

Po Leung Kuk for expenses

7,000.00

700.00

110,000.00

Tam Kung Temple, Wong Nei

Chung

Tai O Kaifong for the upkeep of

1,000.00

a fire-engine for the year 1935ļ

Tam Kung Temple, Shaukiwan Tin Hau Temple, Shaukiwan

500.00

Salary

500.00

Balance

72.00 180.00

9,984.37

"

Tin Hau Temple, Wong Nei Chung

200.00

Tin Hau Temple, Yaumati

10,080.60

Tin Hau Temple, Shamshuipo Tin Hau Temple, To Kwa Wan

700.00

150.00

Yi Pak Kung Temple, Quarry Bay

Grant from Hong Kong Govern-

300.00

40,501.24

ment

Interest

Total

110,000.00 125.79

157,021.61

Total

TANG SHIU KIN,

Chinese Temples Committee.

157,021.61

W. J. CARRIE,

Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

Table XXXIV.

ABERDEEN INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL.

Statement of Accounts for the year ending 31st December, 1935.

C 70

Receipts.

C.

Expenditure.

$

To Balance ·

Subscriptions

School Fees

89.734.21

By Payment to Contractors

90.304.55

17,555.35 4,540.00

Architect Fees ......

5,738.00

Maintenance Allowance to the School

12,000.00

Grants from:

Furniture etc.

8,753.71

.

Chinese Recreation Ground

Refund of School Fees

490.00

Fund

.$4,817.43

Miscellaneous Expenses

1,442.39

Yaumati Public Squ a re

Refund of Advance Money; to:-

Fund

4,536.37

Chinese Recreation Ground

8,853.80

Advance Money from:

Chinese Recreation Ground

Fund Yaumati

Fund

.$3,000.00

Public Square

6,000.00

Fund

.$3,000.00

9,000.00

Yaumati Public Square

Fund

6,000.00

Balance

1,954.71

Total

9,000.00

129,683.36

Total

129,683.36

W. J. CARRIE,

Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

泉右李

Member of Committee.

CONTENTS.

Air Services

Bunker Coal shipped

Crews, Nationality of

Emigration and Immigration...

:

Examination of Masters, Mates, and Engineers..

Junks

Launches

Light Dues...

Lighthouses and Signal Stations

Mercantile Marine Assistance Fund

Mercantile Marine Office

Marine Magistrate's Court

Marine Courts of Enquiry

Marine Surveyors' Office

Moorings

:

:

Outstations

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:.

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

::

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

Passenger Trade

Pilots Licences

Port Facilities

Registry of Shipping

:

Revenue and Expenditure

Shipping Report

Sunday Cargo Working

Trade

:

:

Yaumati Slipway and Coaling Depôt..

:

:

:

PAGE.

9

N

2

2

4

1

1

5

10

5

2

2

4

4

LO

10

5

10

5

2

7

2

5

1

4

1

6

Appendix D.

REPORT OF THE HARBOUR MASTER AND DIRECTOR

OF AIR SERVICES FOR THE YEAR 1935.

The year 1935 shewed a general increase in the amount of shipping using the Port of Hong Kong.

Port of Hong Kong. Details of the comparison between the years 1934 and 1935 will be found in Table II.

2. Foreign Going Shipping entering and clearing shewed a net increase of 1,510 vessels and 1,433,444 tons, while Local Shipping shewed a decrease of 609 vessels with an increase of 126,513 tons.

3. British Ocean-Going shew an increase of 268 in numbers with an increase of 475,911 tons, while British River Steamers shew an increase of 549 in numbers and 1,325,134 tons.

4. The River Steamer Trade shews a net increase of 184 vessels and 115,353 tons. Table VIII shews the amount of cargo and passengers reported at this office as having been carried by River Steamers.

5. The Junk Trade given in Tables IX to XI shews an increase in numbers with a decrease in tonnage in Foreign Trade, and in Local Trade there is a decrease in numbers with an increase in tonnage. The decrease in Foreign Trade is due to smaller Junks being employed in that trade while the larger Junks have been employed in Local Trade.

6. In Steamships not exceeding 60 tons, there is a decrease in both numbers and tonnage. Details of Launches entering and clearing are given in Tables XII and XIII.

7. On the 31st December, 1935, there were 272 Launches and 185 Motor Boats employed in the Harbour, of these 380 were licensed for the conveyance of Passengers, 28 Steam Launches and 23 motor boats belonged to the Colonial Govern- ment; two Steam Launches belonged to the Imperial Government and 20 Steam Launches and four Motor Boats belonged to the Naval Authorities. There were also 11 Motor Boats owned for pleasure and private purposes.

Of the 380 licensed for the conveyance of passengers, 183 were licensed for Class 1, 66 for Class II and 131 for Class III.

year.

8. One Coxswains certificate was suspended during the

9. 530 engagements and 556 discharges of Coxswains and Engineers were recorded.

- D2

10. The Passenger Trade and the number of Emigrants departing from and arriving at this Port are shewn in Tables XXII to XXVIII.

11. Details of Bunker Coal and Oil Fuel shipped will be found in Table XXIX. The figures shew a decrease of 20,907 tons in Coal consumption, and an increase of 11,040 tons in Fuel Oil.

12. The Nationality of crews in British and Foreign ships is shewn in Table VII.

13. During the year, 39 ships were registered under the provisions of the Merchant Shipping Acts and 23 Certificates of Registry were cancelled. Details are shewn in Tables XX and XXI. The fees collected amounted to $2,985 as compared with $1,079 in 1934.

14. 30,244 Seamen were engaged and 28,877 were discharged at the Mercantile Marine Office and on board ships during the year as compared with 31,150 engaged and 29,552 discharged in

1934.

15. 141 Seamen were received and admitted to the Sailors'

Home and Boarding houses. Of these the following were repatriated as Distressed British Seamen, 53 to the United Kingdom, 16 to Singapore, 15 to Bombay, nine to Calcutta, five to Colombo, five to Australian Ports, two to Seattle, one Port Said, one to Aden; six were re-employed on ships, being signed on Articles and 28 obtained employment in the Colony.

to

16. $2,187.57 was expended by the Harbour Master on behalf of the Board of Trade in the relief of these distressed Seamen.

17. The Mercantile Marine Assistance Fund Committee held ten meetings during the year. 29 cases were investigated, per- manent relief being granted in one case and temporary relief in 17 cases. One applicant was offered relief to the extent of $60 per mensem which was refused. Four Europeans repatriated to the United Kingdom and one to Australia.

were

One Asiatic was repatriated to Singapore, a cash allowance for food en-route being granted. One European refused a passage to England and one to Mauritius. The total sum expended during the year was $9,595.00.

18. A statement of the surveys and examinations carried out by the Government Marine Surveyor and his staff is set out ▸ in Table XXX. The vessels surveyed for Passenger Certificates totalled 112 of 423,855 tons gross as compared with 123 of 470,644 tons gross in 1934, showing a decrease of 11 vessels, and a decrease of 46,789 tons.

D 3

19. 55 vessels were surveyed at Taikoo Docks, 38 at Kowloon Docks, four at W. S. Bailey's shipyard, 13 in Chinese shipyards. and two in Japan.

20. The following is a comparison of tonnage and nation- alities of the various vessels granted Passenger Certificates at Hong Kong during the year 1935.

. British 89 vessels of 372,584 tons Gross)

Norwegian 13 Danish

19

32,008

22

""

5

17

37

12,516

27

22

Chinese

5

27

}}

6,747

""

21. Passenger Certificates were issued for the following trades:-

Passenger and Safety. International Voyages... 17

short

11

33

Class 1A Foreign Going

Class 1 Foreign Going (Coasting and Far

Eastern Trade)

Class III River Trade

2

3

65

25

22. Four vessels totalling 40,606 tons (gross) were surveyed and granted Bottom Certificates during the year as compared with nine vessels of 63,308 tons (gross) in 1934.

23. 19 Passenger vessels and 16 cargo ships were surveyed for Radio Telegraphy certificates during the year as compared with 20 Passenger vessels and 20 cargo vessels in 1984.

24. 102 vessels of which 42 were British were surveyed for Emigration Certificates during the year as compared with 83 vessels in 1934.

25. 40 vessels were surveyed for Load Lines during the year as compared with 41 in 1934. Of these, 12 were British vessels registered in Hong Kong and 28 Chinese.

26. Nine new Lifeboats and 727 Units of Standard Buoyant apparatus were surveyed during construction at the Makers' works during the year as compared with 15 and 105 respectively in 1934.

27. 15,085 New Lifejackets were examined and stamped at the Makers' Works during the year as compared with 19,179 in 1934.

28. 666 surveys were carried out on Steam Launches and Motor Boats during the year as compared with 682 in 1934.

- Ꭰ 4

29. During the year there were two Marine Courts of Inquiry:-

On the 10th January, 1935, to inquire into the charges of Misconduct against Mr. J. Johnston, late Chief Officer of the British M.V. "LEE HONG" Official No. 159412 of Hong Kong.

On the 7th June, 1935, to inquire into charges of Misconduct against Mr. P. Scully, whilst On the articles of the British S.S. "CHUEN CHOW”, Official No. 154018 of Hong Kong.

642 Cases were heard in the Marine Magistrate's Court

during the year as compared with 622 in 1934.

30. Examinations for Certificates of Competency as Masters, Mates and Engineers were held under Board of Trade Regula- tions. 23 candidates were examined for Master and eight Passed. 34 Candidates were examined for First Mate and 13 passed. One Candidate was examined for Second Mate and failed.

21 Candidates were examined for Engineer (Ordinary) First Class and six passed; 14 Candidates were examined for First Class Motor Endorsement, and twelve passed. Nine Candidates were examined for Engineer (ordinary) Second Class, and one passed.

One Candidate was examined for 1st Class Engineer (Ordinary) Endorsement, and failed. One Candidate was examined for 2nd Class Engineer (Ordinary) Endorsement and one for 2nd Class Engineer Motor Ship, and both passed.

31. Under Section 37 of Ordinance 10 of 1899, 75 Candidates were examined for Certificates as Coxswain and 65 passed. 93 Candidates were examined for Certificates as Engineer and 81 passed.

32. Eight applicants for Pilot Licences were examined during the year, two passed and were issued licences, while 19 licences were renewed.

33. Sunday Cargo Working Permits are now issued in three parts, as follows:-

A. From Midnight till 6 a.m.

B. From 6 a.m.

C. From 6 p.m.

till 6 p.m.

till Midnight.

In all, 1808 permits were issued of which 94 were used under "A", 611 under "B" and 117 under "C".

}

- D 5

34. Lighthouses and Signal Stations functioned satisfactorily throughout the year, no alterations being made in lights or fog signals. Details of vessels reported and messages sent etc., are shewn in Table XXXII.

The fortnightly reliefs to the Lighthouses were delayed on three occasions at Gap Rock only.

35. The Aga Lights numbering 18 continued to work satis- factorily.

36. The Beckwith Bell Fog Signal at Lam Tong continued to work satisfactorily throughout the Fog Season.

37. Government Moorings were used during the year 1935 as follows:-

A. Class

2,814 days.

B. Class

6,916 days.

C. Class

748 days.

In additions they were used by Naval vessels and transports for 60 days.

On the 31st December the following moorings were in position.

A Class 17, B Class 28 and C Class five, a total of 50 including 12 special typhoon A class moorings. Permission was granted for the maintenance of 48 private buoys and moorings and the fees received amounted to $2,910.

38. The Revenue and Expenditure of the department are Shewn in Tables XXXIII and XXXIV. Further decreases appear under the heading "Light Dues" due to the rise in exchange.

39. A decrease is shewn under the heading "Sunday Cargo Working Permits" due to reduced charges as from the 1st January, 1935, and an increase under the heading "Medical Examination of Emigrants, Ordinance 1 of 1899," due to further increase in the number of Emigrants shewn under Table XXIII.

40. Harbour Master's Outstations at Shaukiwan, Aberdeen, etc. issued 32,876 licences &c. and collected $114,839.05 as compared with 31,773 licences and $114,015.25 in 1934. are shewn in Table XXXVII.

Details

D 6

41. Details of boat licences, permits &c. issued will be found in Table XXXVIII.

42. The Government Slipway and Coaling Depot at Yaumati was kept busy throughout the year in routine slipping, repairing and fueling of Government Craft.

43. 10,603 tons of coal were received and 10,461 tons were delivered (including deliveries from stock) at end of 1934. 131 tons of Welsh Coal were delivered and 25 tons

were received from stock at end of 1934. 11,250 gallons of kerosene were received and 11,507 gallons were delivered. 10,200 gallons of petrol were received and 10,124 gallons were delivered. 2,092 tons of oil fuel were received and 2,095 tons were delivered.

44. Government launches were slipped, aggregating 93 times, at regular times during the year and the slip was occupied 352 days.

45. A short summary of the facilities offered by the Port of Hong Kong is given.

16th March, 1936.

G. F. HOLE,

Harbour Master.

-

D 7-

FACILITIES OF THE PORT OF HONG KONG.

The Harbour of Hong Kong forms a natural anchorage for a great number of vessels. During the typhoon season there are special moorings and anchorages to which vessels can move withi immunity from danger. The Harbour Department operates a thoroughly up-to-date salvage tug, which is always available to assist shipping during typhoon weather. There are available the latest type of steam fire-floats, and the harbour is efficiently patrolled day and night by water-police launches. Competent pilots are available to meet vessels at either entrance of the harbour by day or by night.

2. Buoys in the Harbour are owned by the Government as follows 17 "A" Class for vessels 450 to 600 feet long, 28 "B" Class for vessels 300 to 450 feet long and 5 "C" Class for vessels less than 300 feet long. The charges are $16, $12 and $8 per day respectively.

3. The wharf and godown companies have berthing accom- modation for 12 vessels from 650 to 750 feet in length. Maximum depth of water alongside the wharves is 36 feet L.W.O.S.T.

4. Fresh water pipes are laid alongside and one berth is piped for oil fuel.

5. Three public warehouse companies have a storage capacity of 500,000 tons, of which 300,000 tons is on the mainland at Kowloon Point, adjacent to wharves, and 200,000 tons in Victoria on the Island of Hong Kong, on the Harbour front. There are numerous native-owned warehouses of small capacity in both Kowloon and Hong Kong.

6. Both groups of wharves at Kowloon Point have rail con- nection with the Kowloon-Canton Railway, giving direct rail communication with Canton. There are daily sailings by coasting companies' ships carrying cargo and passengers to all river and coast ports of Southern China, and to ports in the Far Eastern trade as well as almost daily departures by ocean steamers to overseas ports.

7. Ample bunkering facilities are provided by private stocks of coal averaging 60,000 tons, of which about one third is North China coal, and the remainder Japanese and Formosan.

8. The average stock of fuel oil for commercial bunkering is 55,000 tons. One oil company has berthing facilities for two vessels, and another company for one vessel alongside the oil installation, with a water depth of 28 feet and-23 feet L.W.O.S.T. respectively. Delivery can be given up to 600 tons an hour from wharf and 350 tons an hour from lighters.

D 8

9. There are two large Dock companies with dry docks capable of taking vessels up to 750 feet on the blocks. The docks have a depth on the sills up to 34 feet 6 inches H.W.O.S.T. In addition there are five patent slipways capable of handling ships up to 390 feet in length and 4,000 tons displacement. There are several smaller yards mostly owned by Chinese, dealing with repairs to small craft and light work.

10. The principal dock companies have adequate facilities for the construction of ships of large tonnage, and for the prompt effecting of extensive repairs. There is also a thoroughly up-to- date salvage plant, and tugs are available.

11. A Waterboat Company, drawing its water from the Government reservoirs, has a fleet of eight vessels and there are three other small companies operating five vessels, carrying from 200 to 270 tons each.

12. The Harbour has a depth ranging froin 24 to 78 feet L.W.O.S.T. The rise of Tide is about 8 feet O.S.T.

13. There are no Tonnage Dues.

14. The Government imposes Light Dues of Two and four- tenths cents per ton on all Ocean ships, and nine-tenths of a cent per ton on all River Steamers which enter the waters of the Colony. The sterling value of the above rates at $1-1s. 8d. is converted back into dollars at the average opening selling rate on London for the previous month.

15. Charges for permission for ships of 400-5,000 tons and over to work Cargo on Sunday are as follows:-

From Midnight to 6 a.m.

From 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.

.$25 to $ 87.50

$50 to $175.00

From 6 p.m. to midnight

$25 to $ 87.50

16. A large number of motor-boats, steam launches and sampans are available for communication between ships at buoys and the shore. A frequent service of ferry launches is main- tained between Hong Kong Island and all parts of the mainland, also a Vehicular Ferry service between Hong Kong and Kowloon.

17. The Government maintains a Commercial Wireless Telegraph Station at Cape D'Aguilar which has an average day range of 350 miles, and à night range of 700 miles. Continuous watch is kept.

D 9

Air Services.

The Civil Hangar and Administration block were near com- pletion at the end of the year and were expected to be occupied early in 1936.

2. The Far East Flying Training School did 1,246 hours flying during the year making 1,998 flights and carrying 1,546 passengers.

The Engineering Section of the school had 63 students passing through the school on courses.

3. Two Certificates of Registration of British Aircraft were issued and nine cancelled during the year..

Two Air Ministry Certificates of Airworthiness have been validated for the Colony, three Hong Kong Certificates were issued and five renewed.

4. 15 "A" Pilots licences were issued and 33 renewed.

Two "B" Pilots licences were issued and four renewed.

Two Ground Engineers licences were issued and four

renewed.

5. 25 Aircraft arrived from outside the Colony with a total of 85 crew, three passengers and no freight with a total gross weight of 98 tons.

29 Aircraft departed from the Colony with a total of 91 crew, one passenger and no freight with a total gross weight of 104 tons.

6. Visitors of note to the Airport during the year were as follows:

Mr. K. Ano, Japanese Airman from London to Tokyo in a British Klemn "Eagle".

Comdr. Scaroni flying an Italian Savoia Machetti S. 72 for delivery to Marshal Chiang Kai Shek at Nanking.

Mr. H. L. Farquhar, from the British Embassy, Mexico City, flying an American Beechcraft from Mexico City to London via the Bering Straits.

Herr Kaspar and Herr Kruger delivering two Junkers to the Euresa Aviation Corporation, Shanghai.

D 10

7. In the Autumn, Messrs. Imperial Airways started a series of experimental flights with a view to connecting Hong Kong to the England-Australia route at Penang-the intermediate place on the branch route being Saigon, Tourane or Hue and Fort Bayard (emergency). No definite date for the commencement of the service had been fixed before the end of the year.

8. The Revenue and Expenditure of the Department are shown in Tables XXXIX to XLI.

The expenditure figures do not include any salary for the Director of Air Services who as Harbour Master, performs the duties without further remuneration. The cost of Public Works is also not included, in accordance with the general practice in departmental reports.

16th March, 1936.

G. F. HOLE,

Director of Air Services.

Table I.

Summary of Arrivals and Departures of all Vessels.

1934.

1935.

FOREIGN TRADE.

No. of

Vessels.

• Tons.

Crews.

No. of

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

British Ships entered,

6,245

9,725,627

482,040

6,352 10,039,008

513,768

British Ships cleared,

6,248

9,747,633

489,032

6,346

9,976,170

512,558.

Foreign Ships entered,

4,006

8,801,972

290,354

4,423

9,495,358

328,182

Foreign Ships cleared,

4,006

8,799,046

289,283

4,385

9,480,140

329,450

Steamships under 60 tons entered,

3,273

83,838

40,951

3,046

79,222

36,588

Steamships under 60 tons cleared,

3,274

83,200

40,930

3,055

79,416

36,704

Junks entered,

8,417

1,352,993

156,296

9,304

1,154,897

129,192

Junks cleared,

8,574

1,459,724

160,779

8,642

1,183,266

130,448

Total of all Vessels entered,

21,941

19,964,430

969,641

23,125

20,768,485 1,007,730

Total of all Vessels cleared,

22,102

20,089,603

980,024

22,428

20,718,992 1,009,160

Total of all Vessels entered & cleared, in Foreign Trade,

44,043

40,054,033

1,949,665

45,553

41,487,477 2,016,890

LOCAL TRADE.

Steamlaunches entered,

10,677

363,690

123,834

10,795

379,675

133,215

Steamlaunches cleared,

10,683

364,210

123,890

10,806

380,209

133,372

Total Launches entered and cleared,

21,360

727,900

247,724

21,601

759,884

266,587

Total Junks entered,

14,114

598,005

134,457

13,864

612,053

143,755

Total Junks cleared,

14,237

534,084

141,860 13,637

614,565

144,748

Total Junks entered and cleared,

28,351

--1:132,089

276,317

27,501 1,226,618

288,503

Total Local Trade (Launches & Junks) entered & cleared,

49,711

1,859,989

524,041

49,102 1,986,502

555,090

Grand Total, (Foreign & Local Trade),

93,754

41,914,022

2,473,706

94,655 43,473,979 2,571,980

Table II.

Comparison between the years 1934 and 1935 of all shipping entering and clearing Ports in the Colony:-

1934

1985

DECREASE.

INCREASE.

CLASS OF VESSELS.

British Ocean Going,

Foreign Ocean Going, British River Steamers, Foreign River Steamers, Steamships under 60 tons, ...

No.

4,824 12,035,087

Tonnage. No. Tonnage. 5,092 12,510,998

No. Tonnage.

No.

Tonnage.

268

475,911

6,253 16,870,439

6,802 | 18,195,573

549

1,325,134

7,438,173

Junks, Foreign Trade,

7,669 7,606 7,504,180 1,759 730,579 2,006 779,925 6,547 167,038 6,101 158,638 16,991

63

66,007

ľ

247

49,346

446

8,400

D 12

Total Foreign Trade,

Junks, Local Trade,

Grand Total,

44,043 Steamlaunches, Local Trade 21,360 28,351 93,754 41,914,022 94,655 43,473,979 1,359

2,812,717 17,946 2,338,163 40,054,033 45,553 41,487,477 727,900 21,601 759,884 1,182,089 27,501 1,226,618

474,554

955

509

482,954

2,019

1,916,398

241

31,984

850

94,529

482,954

2,260

2,042,911

Net,

901 1,559,957

D 13

Table III.

NUMBER, TONNAGE, AND CREWS, OF FOREIGN-GOING VESSELS ENTERED AT PORTS IN THE COLONY OF HONG KONG EACH COUNTRY IN THE YEAR 1935.

BRITISH.

FOREIGN.

GRAND TOTAL.

COUNTRIES WHENCE ARRIVED.

Vessels. Tons. Crews. Vessels. Tons,

Crews.

Vessels. Tons.

Crews.

Australia & Pacific Islands including

New Zealand

34

118,118 4,052

36

British North Borneo

Canada

32

35

99,588 2,812

23

105,305 45,831

2,835

934

40

386,143 14,138

8882

70

223,423 6,887

58 145,419 3,746

40

386,143

14,138

Ceylon

India, including Mauritius

79

292,517

11,068

103

314,360

7,518

182

606,877

18,586

South Africa

4

11,662

327

5

15,152

654

9

26,814

981

Straits Settlements & F.M.S.

42

85,219

4,532

42

103,988

4,181

84

189,207

8,713

United Kingdom

151 838,924

18,391

19

90,104

2,019

170

929,028

20,410

China

1,569

2,477,518 136,552

1,205

2,147,813

105,963

2,774

4,625,331

242,515

25

(River Steamers)

2,712

2,615,570 192,671

674

317,912

36,550

3,386

2,933,482

229,221

22

(Steamships under 60 tons)

2,791

72,558

34,020

2,791

72,558

34,020

""

(Junks)

8,852

1,090,489

122,681

8,852

1,090,489

122,681

Denmark

14

64,933

546

14

64,933

546

Europe (Not specially mentioned)

17

29,066 1,085

31

115,842

1,358

48

144,908

2,443

France

3

13,801

220

38

267,973

7,250

41

281,774

7,470

Formosa

5

8,013

275

215

171,612 9,603

220

179,625 9,878

Germany

3

15,353

199

86

429,939 7,675

89

445,292 7,874

Holland

13

45,205

894

17

100,442

2,477

30

145,647 3,371

Italy

24

171,369

4,866

24

171,369 4,866

French Indo-China

211

289,167 16,275

256

309,093

16,379

467

598,260

32,654

Japan

167

797,418

22,659

618

1,895,712

39,081

785

2,693,130

61,740

Macao

2

709

27

7

2,666

251

9

3,375

278

>"

(River Steamers)

1,092

1,188,509

64,686

350

72,102

8,648

1,442

1,260,611

73,334

(Steamships under 60 tons)

255

6,664 2,568

255

6,664

2,568

(Junks)

452

64,408 6,511

452

64,408

6,511

Netherland East Indies

10

31,759

419

143

522,181

15,645

153

553,940

16,064

Philippine Islands

33

301,858

11,864

108

688,682

14,755

141

990,540

2€,619

Russia in Asia

1

2,134

33

1

5,524

36

2

་

7,658

69

Siam

65

99,475 6,123

192

217,918

11,924

257

317,393

18,052

South America

5

29,366

459

5

29,366

459

Sweden

11

39,034

363

11

39,034

363

United States of America

64

291,282

4,461

200 1,250,505

26,212

264

1,541,787

30,673

TOTAL

6,352 10,039,008 513,768

16,773 10,729,477 493,962

23,125 20,768,485 1,007,730

:

COUNTRIES TO WHICH

DEPARTED.

- D 14

Table IV.

NUMBER, TONNAGE, AND CREWS, OF FOREIGN-GOING VESSELS CLEARED IN THE COLONY OF HONG KONG TO EACH COUNTRY IN THE YEAR 1935.

Australia & Pacific Islands including

BRITISH.

FOREIGN.

GRAND TOTAL.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

Fucl. Bunker oil. Coal.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

Fuel Bunker oil. Coal.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Fuel Bunker

oil. Coal.

New Zealand

British North Borneo

Canada

2 2 88003

28

100,046 3,942 2.864

2,010

41

37

97,360

2,681

170

8,747

15

134,597 43,403

3,128

6,825

69

617

240

52

30

295,611

12,134

2

200

30

240,643 7,070 2,864 140,763 3,298 295,611 12,134

8,835

410

8,747

2

200

Ceylon

India, including Mauritius

91

329,782

12,210

4,065

172

608,490

11,353

700

7,870

263

938,272

23,563

700

11,935

South Africa

1

3,164

82

3

10,268

335

4

13,432

417

Straits Settlements & F.M.S.

30

70,925

3,208

2,259

1,520

66

140,205

5,222

665

7,245

96

211,130

8,430

2,924

8,765

United Kingdom

102

632,365

5,490 15,722

3,930

37

217,511

5,231

550

139

849,876

20,953 5,490 4,480

China

(River Steamers)

1,622 2,698,125

140,153

9,609

75,864

1,215

2,257,788

108,491

806

26,033

2,837

4,955,913 248,644

10,417 101,897

2,712 2,512,937

192,671

1,219

76,938

631

317,602

36,550

321

26,685

3,343 2,830,539

229,221

1,540 103,623

33

(Steamships under 60 tons)

2,798

72,749 34,132

2,798

72,749

34,132

(Junks)

8,178

1,118,394

124,253

8,178

1,118,394

124,253

Denmark

Europe (Not specially mentioned)

France

Formosa

15

70,710

569

100

50

15

70,710

569

100

50

:

Germany

22

2

10,475

139

7

10,625

433

23 103,988

1,612

20

64,157

935

22

74,632

1,124

:

28 228,549

6,396

1,050

880

28

228,549 6,396

1,050

880

::

785

239

204,521

10,058

258

313

246

215,046 10,491

258

1,098

62

315,244 5,643

1,070

85

7,255 419,232

1,070

Holland

12

52,514

735

12

52,514

735

Italy

12

129,138 4,339

12

129,138

4,339

French Indo-China

212

306,980

15,662

37,568

349

522,316

20,628

403

30,360

561

829,296

36,290

403

67,928

Japan

198

936 283

24,050

5,520 11,430

427

1,178,388

28,722

5,613

20,325

625

2,114,671

52,772

11,133

31,758

Macao

4

885

66

120

5

2,120

220

210

9

3,005

286

330

>>

(River Steamers)

1,090

1,187.164

64,686

148

11,136

351

72,309

8,648

1,444

1,441

1,259,473

73,334

148

12,580

""

""

(Steamships under 60 tons) (Junks)

257

::

6,667

2,572

257

6,667

2,572

464

64,872 6,195

464 64,872

6,195

Netherland East Indies

13

Philippine Islands

31

41,602 303,005

687

333

30

2,368

113

406,476

12,942

170

3,360

126

448,078

13,629

200

5,728

12,240

1,534

146

822,312

16,976

175

.:

177

1,125,317

29,216

175

1,534

Russia in Asia

1

Siam

72

3,178 112,771

48

350

1

66

21

2

3,244

69

350.

6,610

30

25,345

176

191,288

.11,627

290

47,350

248

304,059

18,237

320

72,695

South America

33

177,733

3,248

160

190

33

177,733

3,248

160

190

Sweden

8

29,394

266

8

29,394

266

United States of America

40

212,999 3,472

815

1,800

208

1,283,041

26,550

550

700

248

1,496,040

30,022

1,365

2,500

TOTAL

6,346

9,976,170

512,558 28,156 265,710

16,082 10,742,822 426,602

11,503

181,463

22,429 20,718,992 1,009,160

39,659

447,173

- D 15

Table V.

NUMBER, TONNAGE and CREWS of FOREIGN GOING VESSELS of EACH NATION ENTERED at PORTS in the COLONY of HONG KONG in the YEAR 1935.

ENTERED.

NATIONALITY.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

British,

2,548 6,234,929

256,411

River Steamers,

3,804

3,804,079

257,357

American,

215

1,452,206

32,475

Chinese,

752

1,016,579

62,947

River Steamers,

1,024

390,014

45,198

7

Junks

9,304

1,154,897

129,192

Danish,

153

370,071

9,333

Dutch,

244

896,754

27,391

French,

185

630,953

22,814

Italian,

35

297,530

9,078

Japanese,

1,042

2,668,368

67,308

Norwegian,

528

918,442

33,449

Portuguese,

54

26,015

4,406

German,

148

687,796

12,248

Swedish,

25

91,154

835

Belgian,

Panamanian,

7

25,502

281

Greek,

8

22,595

244

Siamese,

1

788

52

Russian,

66

21-

Polish,

1

525

102

Steamships under 60 tons trading to Ports outside the Colony,

3,046

79,222

26,588

TOTAL,

23,125 20,768,485 1,007,730

}

D 16

Table VI.

NUMBER, TONNAGE and CREWS of FOREIGN GOING VESSELS of EACH NATION CLEARED at PORTS in the COLONY of HONG KONG in the YEAR 1935.

CLEARED.

NATIONALITY.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

British,

2,544 6,276,069

255,201

River Steamers,

3,802

3,700,101

257,357

17

American,

215

1,452,206

32,601

Chinese,

752

1,016,916

63,441

River Steamers,

982

389.911

45,198

Junks

8,642

1,183,266

130,448

Danish,

154

371,424

9,591

Dutch,

243

896,754

27,870

French,

183

618,282

22,617

Italian,

35

297,530

9,061

Japanese,

1,050

2,665,172

66,041

Norwegian,

526

914,800

34,750

Portuguese,

54

26,331

4,464

German,

148

690,184

12,217

Swedish,

25

91,154

844

Belgian,

Panamanian,

7

25,502

291

Greek,

8

22,595

294

Siamese,

1

788

47

Russian,

1

66

21

Polish,

1

525

102

Steamships under 60 tons trading to Ports outside the Colony,

TOTAL,

3,055

79,416

36,704

22,428 20,718,992 1,009,160

- D 17

Table VII.

NATIONALITY OF CREWS.

OTHER EURO-

VESSELS.

BRITISH.

PEANS AND AMERICANS.

ASIATICS.

1934. 1935. 1934. 1935.

1934. 1935. 1934.

1935.

British,

6,245 6,352 53,145 51,213 3,448 3,878 425,447 464,677

Foreign, 4,006 4,423 1,225 1,272 61,012 65,246 228,117 261,664

Total,

10,251 10,775 54,370 52,485 64,460 69,124 653,564 726,341

BRITISH SHIPS.

FOREIGN SHIPS.

1934.

1935.

1934.

1935.

Percentage of British.

%

%

%

%

crew,

11.02

09.85

00.42

00.39

Percentage of crew.

Other Europeans and

Americans,

00.72

00.75

21.01

19.88

Percentage of crew.

Asiatics,

88.26

89.40

78.57

79.73

Total,

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

D 18

Table VIII.

The River Steamer Trade 1934 & 1935.

Year.

Import. Tons.

Export. Tons.

Passengers.

1934,

297,532.00

339,498.00 2,623,874

1935,

258,774.00

311,473.00 3,575,017

Table IX.

JUNKS.

IMPORTS.

1934.

1935.

Junks.

Tonnage.

Junks.

Tonnage.

Foreign Trade

8,417 | 1,352,993

9,804 | 1,154,897

Local Trade

14,114

598,005

13,864

612,053

Total

22,531 | 1,950,998

23,168 1,766,950

EXPORTS.

1934.

1935.

Junks. Tonnage.

Junks. Tonnage.

Foreign Trade

Local Trade

8,574 1,459,724

14,237 534,084

8,642 1,183,266

13,637 614,565

Total

22,811 1,993,828

22,279 1,797,831

Table X.

TOTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, PASSENGERS AND CARGOES OF JUNKS (FOREIGN TRADE) ENTERED IN THE COLONY OF Hong Kong, FROM PORTS ON THE COAST OF CHINA AND MACAO, IN THE YEAR 1935.

Vessels.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

Tons. Crew.

Passen- Cargo, Ves- gers.

Tons.

Crew.

Tons. sels.

Passen-

gers.

Vessels.

TOTAL.

Tons. Crew.

Passen- Cargo,

gers.

Tons.

Canton

305 74,517 5,864

West River

395,271 27,892 4,172 382,859 58,697 66,954 124,614 1,313 166,134 20,051

17,209 1,782

2,087 469,788 | 33,756

17,209

1,750 | 5,485

548,993 78,748 | 68,704 (124,614

Macao

• East Coast

West Coast

13

26 4,837 466

1,085 63,265 8,641

1,035 129

1,410 426 59,571

6,045

452

:

64,408 6,511

1,410

44,513

176 7,272

1,371

50 1,261

70,537 10,012

50❘ 44,513

203

h

6

136

36

19

1,171 165

203

Total

5,601

526,513 73,797 66,954 187,949 3,703

628,384 55,395

1,800 9,304 1,154,897 129,192 68,754 | 187,949

19

.

Table XI.

TOTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, PASSENGERS AND CARGOES OF JUNKS (FOREIGN TRADE) CLEARED IN THE COLONY OF Hong Kong, for PORTS ON THE COAST OF CHINA AND MACAO, IN THE YEAR 1935.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crew.

Passen- Cargo, Ves- Tons.

gers.

Tons.

Crew.

sels.

Passen-

gers.

Vessels.

Tons. Crew.

Passen- Cargo,

gers.

Tons.

Canton

2,176

Macao

495,553 35,700

West River 2,939 427,804

434

62,422

5,825

East Coast

$806

21,109

6,535

469,849 63 3,984 704 58,994 | 69,178|210,780 | 1,684 119,558 17,770 49,295 30 2,450 370

4,159

2,239 499,537 36,404

469,849

1,750 4,623

547,362 76,764 70,928 210,780

464

64,872 6,195

49,295

West Coast

31 2,196

362

:

7,949 477 48,055

1,352 2 135

1,283 69,164❘ 10,694

7,949

29

33

391

2,331

1,352

Total

6,386 1,009,084 107,416 69,178 739,225 2,256 174,182 23,032

1,750 8,642 1,183,266 130,448 | 70,928|739,225

D 20

Table XII.

Statement of Licensed Steam-launches ENTERED in the Colony of Hong Kong during the year 1935.

TOWING.

NOT TOWING.

TOTAL.

PLACES.

Vessels.

Ton-

nage.

Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Vessels.

Ton-

nage.

Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Cargo. Vessels.

Ton-

nage.

Passen-

Crews.

Cargo.

gers.

Within the Waters of the Colony, 1935

Do.,

1934

1,434 27,826 15,272 1,254 22,980 13,194

579 9,361 351,849 117,943. 296,193 5,251 10,795 585 9,423 340,710 110,640 264,456 5,947

379,675 133,215 296,772 10,677 363,690 123,834 265,041 5,947

5,251

D 21

Canton

West River

Macao

993 26,080 11,457

169

•

202

6,383

2,915

:

:

4,018] 1,820

:

11

226

106

:

:

82 1,804

832

173 4,850

1,736

East Coast

80

2,803

892

77 2,476

856

1,162 80,098 13,277

213 6,609] 3,021

255 6,664 2,568

157 5,279 1,748

:

7

:

:

Other Places

896 20,586 11,837

240

363 9,986 4,137

2,657

290

1,259 30,572|| 15,974||

2,897 290

Total

2,253 57,656 27,933

2401

793 21,566| 8,655 2,664 290

3,046 79,222 36,588| 2,904

290

Outside the Waters of the Colony:·

Table XIII.

Statement of Licensed Steam-launches CLEARED in the Colony of Hong Kong during the year 1935.

TOWING.

NOT TOWING.

TOTAL.

PLACES.

Vessels.

Ton-

nage.

Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Cargo.

Bunker

Coal.

Vessels.

Ton-

nage.

Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Cargo.

Bunker

Coal.

Vessels.

Ton-

nage.

Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Bunker

Cargo.

Coal.

Do.,

Within the Waters of the Colony, 1935 1934

1,818 33,416 19,367 454 1,493 27,648 15,690 348

1,468

1,239]

8,988 346,793 114,005 283,881 4,466 5,635 10,806 380,209 133,372 284,335| 9,190 336,562 108,200 262,184 4,448 5,898 10,683 364,210 123,800 262,532

4,466 7,103 4,450 7,137

Outside the Waters of the Colony:

Canton

West River

Macao

D 22

1,151 29,641 13,210

210 6,605 2,994

128 2,680 1,326|

96 3,327 1,064)

1,020 23,410 13,210)

11,467 8,179]

22: 571 3,438

18 450] 164

:

92 1,169 30,091) 13,374

11,467 8,271

135

46

42

19 215 6,740 8,040

64

571 3,457

12 496

129 3,987 1,246

118

938

66 2,209 775

234 257 6,667 2,572

697

130

730

162 5,536 1,839!

...

1,635

249

4,054

232 6,972 2,669 3,029|

27

551 1,252 30,382 15,879 8,278

27 4,605

Total

2,605 65,663 31,804

271

12,050 17,105

450 13,753 4,900 3,071;

145 1,593 3,055 79,416 36,704 8,342 12,195 18,698

East Coast

Other Places

D 23

Table XIV.

Total Number and Tonnage of Vessels excluding Steam Launches ENTERED at each Port in the Colony of Hong Kong

during the year, 1935.

STATION.

BRITISH.

FOREIGN.

TOTAL.

Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage.

Aberdeen

...

Cheung Chau

Saikung

Stanley

Tai O

Tai Po

Deep Bay

Tsuen Wan

445

16,589 445

16,589

343

18,673

343

18.673

152

3,585 152

3,585

57

2,851

57

2,851

466

24,598 466

24,598

Victoria

6,352 10,039,008 26,128 11,160,012 32,480 21,199,020

Total

6,352 10,039,008 27,591 11,226,308 33,943 21,265,316

Table XV.

Total Number and Tonnage of Vessels excluding Steam Launches CLEARED at each Port in the Colony of Hong Kong

during the year, 1935.

STATION.

BRITISH.

FOREIGN.

TOTAL.

Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage.

Aberdeen

Cheung Chau

Saikung

Stanley

Tai O

Tai Po

Deep Bay

Tsuen Wan Victoria

442

16,804 442

16,804

372

19,530 372

19,530

151

3,460

151

3,460

57

2,853

57

2,853

466

24,598 466

24,598

6,346 | 9,976,170 25,176 |11,210,726| 31,522 |21,186,896

Total

6,346 9,976,170 26,664 11,277,971 33,010 21,254,141

-

D 24

Table XVI.

Table showing total Shipping of all classes at the Port of

Hong Kong during the years 1916 to 1935.

TOTAL TONNAGE

TOTAL TONNAGE TOTAL TONNAGE

YEAR.

OCEAN GOING

ALL CLASSES.

OCEAN GOING.

BRITISH.

1916

36,381,457

13,728,092

6,868,743

1917

33,827,325

12,289,548

5,168,058

1918.

29,518,189

9,745,469

3,627,576

1919

35,615,169

14,467,847

6,842,024

1920

40,122,527

17,574,636

8,351,084

ì

1921

43,420,970

20,064,611

9,247,198

1922

46,566,764

21,971,162

9,688,891

1923

53,402,239

25,894,058

11,222,141

1924

56,731,077

27,874,830

11,844,752

1925

49,520,523

23,653,774

9,866,820

1926

43,796,436

21,314,696

9.257,417

1927

44,127,161

25,700,164

9,660,440

=

1928

44,883,765

26,894,395

10,792,701

1929

47,186,181

28,285,741

11,151,152

1930

42.190,612

29,350,807

11,357,605

1931

44,150,021

29,446,145

11,540,844

1932

43.824.906

29,269,073

12,201,690

7

1933

43,043,381

29,368,877

12,014,232

1934

41,914,022

28,905,526

12,035,087

1935

43,478,979

30,706,571

12,510998

D 25

Table XVII.

DIAGRAM SHEWING TOTAL SHIPPING ALL CLASSES

1916 - 1935.

Tons

57,000,000

56,000,000

55,000,000

54,000,000

53,000,000

52,000,000

51,000,000

50,000,000

49,000,000

48,000,000

47,000,000

46,000,000

45,000,000

44,000,000

43,000,000

42,000,000

41.000.000

40,000,000

39,000,000

38,000,000

37,000,000

36,000,000

35,000,000

34,000,000

33,000,000

32,000,000

31,000,000

30,000,000

29,000,000

1916

1917

1918

1919

1920

1921

1922

1923

1924

1925

1926

1927

1928

1929

1930

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

43,473,979

1916

D 26

Table XVIII.

DIAGRAM SHEWING OCEAN GOING SHIPPING BRITISH AND FOREIGN ENTERED AND CLEARED 1916-1935.

Tons.

31,000,000

30,000,000

29,000,000

28,000,000

27,500,000

27,000,000

26,500,000

26,000,000

25,500,000

25,000,000

24,500,000

24,000,000

23,500,000

23,000,000

22,500,000

22,000,000

21,500,000

21,000,000

20,500,000

20,000,000

19,500,000

19,000,000

18,500,000

18,000,000

17,500,000

17,000,000

16,500,000

16,000,000

15,500,000

15,000,000

14,500,000

14,000,000

13,500,000

13,000,000

12,500,000

12,000,000

11,500,000

11,000,000

10,500,000

10,000,000

9,500,000

1917

1918

1919

1920

1921

1922

1923

1924

1925

1926

1927

1928

1929

1930

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

30,706,571

D 27

Table XIX.

DIAGRAM SHEWING OCEAN GOING SHIPPING BRITISH ONLY, ENTERED AND CLEARED 1916-1935.

1916

1917

1918

1919

1920

1921

1922

Tons.

24,500,000

24,000,000

23,500,000

23,000,000.

22,500,000

22,000,000

21,500,000

21,000,000

20,500,000

20,000,000

19,500,000

19,000,000

18,500,000

18,000,000

17,500,000

17,000,000

16,500,000

16,000,000

15,500,000

15,000,000

14,500,000

14,000,000

13,500,000

11,500,000

11,000,000

10.500.000

10,000,000

9,500,000

9,000,000

8,500,000

8,000,000

7,500,000

7,000,000.

6,500,000

6,000,000

5,500,000

5,000,000

4,500,000

4,000,000

3,500,000

13,000,000 12,500,000

12,000,000

12,510,998

1923

1924

1925

1926

1927

1928

1929

1930

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

2

Table XX.

Return of Ships Registered at the Port of Hong Kong during the year 1935.

Official

Name of Ship.

No.

Registered

Tonnage.

Horse Power.

Rig.

Build.

Where and

When built.

Remarks.

1. Lyemun

159,414

9

2. Neptuna

159,415

3,607 N.H.P. 760

3. Eocene

159,416

2,367 N.H.P. 250

Yawl Carvel Hong Kong ...1935 not rigged In & Out Kiel strakes Schooner Clinker U.S.A.

1st. Registry (new vessel).

.1924

4. Haitan ex Silvia.. 145,944

2,225

estimated.

N.H.P. 425

do.

5. Taikoo Chu

159,417

6

B.H.P. 18

Amoy

do. Danzig...

Carvel Canton

.1909

Formerly under the German Flag "Neptun'

1922 Formerly under the German Flag "Schulau".

Registry transferred from Hamilton, Bermuda.

.1934

1st. Registry.

Type

6. Chu Kong

151,426

26

N.H.P. 41.6

Sampan

not

Clinker Hong Kong ...1921

7. Cheong Kong

116,058

340

not.

Clinker Hong Kong ...1884

8. Wulin

159,418

1,741

B.H.P. 1,500

not

do.

Hong Kong ...1935

Formerly owned by Chinese subject "Kun Lun Shan'

Formerly owned by Chinese subject "Shun Shan'

>>

1st. Registry (New Vessel).

9. Saam Kong

159,419

2

B.H.P. 10

nil

Carvel

do.

...1918

1st. Registry.

10. Kam Kong

159,420

4

B.H.P. 15

nil

do.

do.

..1918

do.

11. Seung Kong

159,421

8 B.H.P. 25/35

nil

do.

do.

...1920

do.

12. Tuen Kong

159,422

12

nil

do.

Canton

.1931)

do.

13. Tung Shaan

159,423

11

nil

Steel Hong Kong ...1932]

do.

28

Table XX.--Continued.

Return of Ships Registered at the Port of Hong Kong during the year 1935.—Continued.

- D 29 —

Official

Name of Ship.

No.

Registered

Tonnage.

Horse Power. Rig. Build.

Where and

When built.

Remarks.

14. King Lee

118.013

1,643

I.H.P. 1,800 Schooner

Clinker Dundee

.1903

Formerly under the Chinese Flag as "Yuan Lee".

15. Kong Fung

159,424

5

H.P. 12/14

nil

Carvel

Hong Kong ...1924

1st. Registry.

16. Samshui

159,425

B.H.P. 4

nil

Carvel

Hong Kong ...1917

do.

17. Sam Hay I

159,426

2

B.H.P. 40

nil

do.

Canton

.1934

do.

18. Sam Hay II

159,427

3

B.H.P. 15

do.

do

1919

do.

:

19. Indo IV

159,428

3 B.H.P. 18/20

do.

Hong Kong ...1933

do.

20. Yee Ann

159,429

866

not

Clinker

do.

...1935

do.

21. Yee Peng

159,430

35

not

Carvel Hong Kong ...1935

do.

22. Ting Kong

159,431

4

23. Forafric

148,929

2,122

B.H.P. 8 nil do. Canton N.H.P. 405 Schooner Clinker

1921

do.

Whiteinch ..1908 Registry transferred from Glasgow.

24. Pak Kong I

159,432

13

B.H.P. 20

Junk

Carvel Hong Kong...1915 1st. Registry.

rigged

25. Pak Kong III

159,433

10

B.H.P. 20

nil

do.

do.

...1922

do.

26. Lo Fou Shan

159,434

23

B.H.P. 30

nil

do.

do.

.1912)

do.

Table XX.-Continued.

Return of Ships Registered at the Port of Hong Kong during the year 1935.-Continued.

Official

Name of Ship.

No.

Registered

Tonnage.

Horse Power.

Rig.

Build.

Where and

When built.

Remarks.

27. Sui Sin

159,435

B.H.P. 26

nil

Carvel Hong Kong ...1921

1st. Registry.

28. A.P.C. 6/7

159,436

9

Rough Swatow, China 1924

do.

29. A.P.C. 2/3

159,437

16

None

do.

do.

1922

do.

30. A.P.C. Lighter G. 159,438

23

None

do.

do.

1932

do.

31. W.B. Walker

32. Taksang

159,439

159,440 1,937

6,127 B.H.P. 3,600 estimated N.H.P. 482 Schooner

not

Clinker Kiel, Germany 1935|

do.

(New Vessel).

do.

Port Glasgow 1935

do.

do.

33. Kangting

158,021 35'7

N.H.P. 190

None

do.

Shanghai .1924

Registry transferred from Shanghai.

34. Wanliu

1.58,022

451

N.H.P. 268

None

do.

do.

.1924 Registry transferred from Shanghai.

35. G.S. Walden

159,441

6,292 B.H.P. 3,600|

not

do.

Bottordam

.1935 1st. Registry (new vessel).

estimated

36. Do Poh

159,442

2

B.H.P. 20

nil

Carvel Canton

.1920

1st. Registry.

37. Teen Cheang

159,443

3

B.H.P. 16

nil

Carvel Hong Kong ...1921

do.

38. Victoria I

159,444

10 B.H.P. 18/20

do.

Hong Kong ...1916

do.

39. Hei Mong

159,445

10 not known

Junk

do.

Macao

.1932

do.

D 30

Table XXI.

Return of Registers of Ships Cancelled at the Port of Hong Kong during the Year 1935.

Name of Ship.

Official

No.

Registered

Tonnage.

Date of

Registry.

Rig.

Build.

Where and When built.

Reason of Cancellation.

1. Shun Lee

153,556

45

9. 7.1924 Schooner

2. Wo Ping Yat

154,040

226

8. 6.1931

.1919

Carvel Hong Kong ....1924 Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject). In & Out London

do.

3. Wo Ping Yee

226

8. 6.1931

do.

do.

.1919

154,041

do.

4. Dalveen

72,861

46

10. 6.1910

F. & A.

Carvel Shanghai

1898 Lost about 1917.

5. Tai Mo Shan

154,082

16

27. 5.1933

Ketch

do.

Hong Kong ....1933

6. Yu Sang

132,659 1,122

13.11.1924

7. Fati

8. Wulin

120,999

159,418 1,741

9

11. 1.1907

nil

do.

Amsterdam ....1906|

20. 5.1935

not

do.

Sold to the Admiralty of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Registry not required.

Schooner Clinker Sunderland ....1912 Sold to Foreigners (Chinese subjects).

Hong Kong....1935 Registry transferred to London.

do.

9. H. Stanley

154,074

19

26.11.1932

nil

do.

do.

..1932

Sold to Foreigners (Chinese subjects).

10. Tai Kow

116,049

132

9. 9.1904

none

Carvel

do.

.1399)

do.

11. Taikoo Hee

128,689

11

26. 8.1924

do.

Clinker

do.

.1909 Sold to Foreigners (Czechoslavakian subjects.)

- D 31

D 32

Rig.

Table XXI.-Continued.

Return of Registers of Ships Cancelled at the Port of Hong Kong during the year 1935.-Continued.

Official

Name of Ship.

No.

Registered

Tonnage.

Date of

Registry.

Reason of Cancellation.

Build.

Where and When built.

12. Sai Shaan

153,570

23

2.12.1924

13. Tai Koo Fook

120,980

8

19. 7.1905

14. Wing Lee

95,869 651

15. Kamo

127,814 725

16. King Lee

118,013

1,643

23. 5.1931

8.12.1930

21. 5.1935

Carvel Hong Kong ....1924.

...1903

do. do.

Schooner Clinker Scotland

Converted into a lighter and sold. Registry not required.

17. Lyemun

159,414

9

6. 2.1935

18. Chip Shing

120,660

1,199

13.11.1924

do.

do.

Yawl

F. & A.

Schooner

19. Tai Sup

116,050 132

9. 9.1904

none

20. Minerva

120,988

14

17. 4.1906

Yawl

do.

.1896

Campbeltown .1913 Carvel

Clinker Dundee 1903 Carvel Hong Kong....1935 Clinker Aberdeen .1906 Carvel Hong Kong ..1899

do. ..1906

Converted into a hulk and sold to Foreigners (Chinese subjects). Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject).

do.

Sold to Foreigner (Chinese subject). Registry transferred to Singapore. Sold to Foreigners (Japanese subjects Sold to Foreigners (American subjects)

Registry transferred to Vancouver, B.Č.

21.' Ah, Chau Chi

Hung

154,081

6

18. 5.1933

Junk

22. Ladye Jean

142,234

17

16. 4.1920

Lorcha

do.

do.

Unknown Hong Kong....1903

Sold to Foreigner.

23. Lee Hong

159,412

674

23.11.1934

not

Clinker

do.

.1934

Sold and Registry not required.

Under the declaration of the Supreme Court Hong Kong.

D-33

Table XXII.

Passenger Trade for the Port for the year 1935:-

Class of Vessels.

No. of Ships.

Passengers.

Emigrants.

Arrived. Departed. Returned. Departed

British Ocean Going,

Foreign Ocean Going,

British River Steamers,

Foreign River Steamers,

Total,

5,092 237,322 248,992 42,634 69,084

6,802 296,292 276,928 69,786 80,431

7,606 1,682,851 1,762,941

2,006 65,535 63,690

21,506 2,282,000 2,352,551

112,420 149,515

Steam-launches, Foreign

Trade,

6,101 2,904 3,342

Junks, Foreign Trade,

Total Foreign Trade,.. 45,553 2,353,658 2,426,821 112,420 149,515

17,946 68,754 70,928

Steam-launches, Local Trade,

Junks, Local Trade,

21,601 296,772 284,335

27,501 5,512

5,505

Total Local Trade,

Grand Total,

49,102 302,284 289,840

94,655 2,655,942 2,716,661 112,420 149,515

:

:

:

Table XXIII.

Summary of Chinese Emigrants from Hong Kong to Ports other than in China, during the year 1935.

BRITISH SHIPS.

- D 34-

FOREIGN SHIPS.

GRAND TOTAL.

PORTS.

Adults.

Children.

Adults.

Children.

Adults.

Children.

Total.

Total.

Total.

M. F.

M.

F.

M. F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

Australia

613

2

1 620

33

33

646

2

1

653

Africa

134

11

2

1

148

103

Portuguese, East Africa

15

British Borneo

3,203

880

237

167 4,487

56

16

215

846

113

237

19

4

1/

261

20

15

4

1

20

5

82 3,259

896

242

172

4,569

Dutch Borneo

6

2

1

9

1

1

7

2

1

10

:

Calcutta

458

116

41.

12 627

20

8!

30 473

124

42

13

Canada

4,055

191

161

52 4,459

220

14

18

Cuba (Havana)

68]

1

253 4,275

69

205

1.79 53

22

657

4,712

68

1:

69

:

Dutch Indies

15,126 3,201| 1,171]

520 20,018 15,126

3,201 1,171 |

520 20,018

Fiji

50

Honolulu

101

50

30

5

19

LOO

58

50

3

58

...

14

184 269

Madagscus Island (Tamatave)

11

11

17

Mexico

270

Mauritius

94

111

1

106

285

8228

96 30

2

35

:

:

25

420

370

146

49

39

Be

604

21

28

2

32

291 23

31

325

270

29

23

81 16

386

379 92

16

New Guinea (Raboul)

12

1

2

16

12

1

1

10 10 2

325

492

16

New Zealand (Dunnedin)

42

2

44

42

2

44

Nauru Island

407

407

407

407

Ocean Island

276

276

276

276

Panama (Balboa)

357

36

Rangoon

2,620

547

246

117 3,530

639

137

Rodriguez

1

:

South America

364

Sumatra (Bel. DELI)

17

1

11 20

644

37

155

Straits Settlements

Tahiti

33,992 14,927 3,391

United States of America

11

31

2

Total for 1935

Total for 1934

2,407 54,717 29,037 17,485 3,373 2,369 52,264 63,029 32,412 6,764 15 11 4

33 2,603 23.1 183 78 3,095 2,634| 231 185 |45,450 16,746| 4,113 2,775 69,084 50,811 21,541 4,978 3,101 80,431 96.261 38,287 9.091 38,548 18,240 4,786 2:486164,060 41,426 18,563 5,449 | 2,486 67,924 79,974 36,803 10,235

Total passengers by Foreign Ships

"

British

""

"

Excess by Foreign Ships

5,876 149,515 4,972 131,984

|50,811|21,541 4,978 3,101| 80,431 45,450 16,746 4.113 2,775) 69,084

5.361 4,795 965 326 11,347

∞2 25

ឥដ្ឋ

8

407 357 36

8

407

72

35

883 3,259

684

318

1521

4,413

1

1

1

20

18

439

364

37

20

18

439

53

36

888

661

156

54

37

908

4,776 106,981

15

78 3,128

Table XXIV.

Statement of Average Number of Emigrants from Hong Kong to Ports other than in China, for Quinquennial Periods from 1900 to 1935 inclusive.

1900.

66,961

1905.

78,105

1910.

88,452

1915. 1920. 109,110 34,602

1925

129,004

1930. 1935. 235,141 99,104

Table XXV.

Number of Male and Female Emigrants from Hong Kong to Ports other than in China, for Ten Years, from 1926 to 1935 inclusive.

Whither bound.

1926.

1927.

1928.

1929.

1930.

1931.

1932.

1933.

1934.

1935.

BACKRA KAT PENETAN EZ NEM

Straits Settlements, Males, Straits Settlements, Females,

127,863 158,788 129,089 29,422 43,620 40,652

14,895

113,036 88,498 35,606 13,618 14,767 55,803 33,480 32,887 7,169 8,769 35,517

69,793

37,188

Total,

157,285 202,408❘ 169,741

146,516

121,385

50,501

20,787

23,536

91,320

106,981

Other Ports, Males, Other Ports, Females,

54,506

75,003 77,815 73,426 58,879 4,736 8,182 9,606 7,581 8,636

44,504

30,149

5,864

4,703

29,151 34,406

4,828

35,559

6,258

6,975

Total,

59,242

83,185 87,421 81,007 67,515

50,368

34,852 33,979 40,664 42,534

Grand Total,

216,527 285,593❘ 257,162 227,523 188,900

100,869

55,639 57,515

131,984

149,515

35

Table XXVI.

Summary of Chinese Emigrants Returned to Hong Kong from Ports other than in China, during the year 1935.

FOREIGN SHIPS.

D 36 -

BRITISH SHIPS.

GRAND TOTAL.

PORTS.

Adults.

Children.

Adults.

Children,

Adults.

Children.

Total.

Total.

Total.

M. F. M.

F.

M. F. M.

F.

M. F.

M.

F.

Australia

608 13

19

10

650 1,574

237

210

175

2,196

2,182 250

229 185

Bangkok

2,846

443 188 110

76

817 2,979

819

416

273

4,487

3,422 1,007

526

349

British Borneo

5,304

965

383 189 131

1,668

69

18

8

6

101

1,034 401

197

137

Dutch Borneo

1,769

:

:

41

10

3

60

41

10

6

3

60

Bombay

7

1

~-8

Continent of Europe

392

108 46

27

573

1,249

213

102

63

Canada

4,559

358 273 135

5,325

984 151

104

67

ཐ་

7

1

...

8

1,627 1,641

321

148

90

2,200

1,296 5,543 509

377

192

Calcutta

6,621

1,136

518 248

161

2,063

1,136 518

248

161

2,063

Dutch Indies

:

14,575 2,932 2,3561,541 21,404

14,575 2,932 2,356 1,541

Delagoa Bay

Honolulu

Mauritius Nauru Island

Ocean Island

Rangoon

South Africa

South America

Straits Settlements

Sumatra (Belawan Deli).. U. S. A.

206 136

6

18,937 5,958 3,165 | 2,118

21,404

6]

3

5

LO

3

כא

17

6| 3

5

3

17

:

977 108

82

39

1,206

977

108

82

39

1,206

6

3

LO

כא

CN

3

17

6]

3

5

17

:

244

:

244

244

244

122!

122

122

1:22

856

12

67

1,265

1,100

328 274

170

1,872

1,956-

534

410

237

3,137

10

6

34

74 28 18

18

138

86 34

28

24

172

27

...

Total for 1935

1934

27,947 7,744 4,206 2,737 28,885 7,007 4,077 2,730

>>

"

4,690

5,015

109 41 26 30,178 16,917 4,672 3,129 1,901 | 26,619 2,122 589 432 251 3,394 27 3,816 477 350 168 4,811 42,634 46,959 10,624 7,513 69,786 74,906 18,368 11,719 42,699 48,605 10,214 7,161 70,995 | 77,490 17,221 11,238

25

201

109 41

26

25

201

35,854 10,630

6,294 4,019

56,797

2,122| 589 432 251 3,843 477 350 168

3,394

4,838

7,427 112,420 7,745 113,694

>>

>>

Total number of passengers by Foreign Ships

Excess of passengers by Foreign Ships

British

,,

46,959 10,624 7,513 4,690 27,947 7,744 | 4,206 | 2,737

69,786

42,634

19,012 2,880 | 3,307 1,953

27,152

Table XXVII.

Statement of Average Number of Emigrants Returned to Hong Kong from Ports other than in China, for Quinquennial Periods from 1900 to 1935 inclusive.

1900. 1905. 109,534 137,814

1910.

146,585

1915. 1920. 1925. 151,728 100,641 129,106

1930:

181,227

1935.

176,707

Table XXVIII.

Number of Male and Female Emigrants Returned to Hong Kong from Ports other than in China, for Ten Years, from 1926 to 1935.

Whither bound.

1926.

1927.

1928.

1929.

1930.

1931.

1932.

1933. 1934.

1935.

D 37

Straits Settlements, Males, Straits Settlements, Females,

Total,

72,194 | 113,507 14,761 23,189

100,116

20,577

97,960 120,964 134,147 98,606 23,117 28,960 35,572 30.011

51,303 40,881 42,148 18,107 13,677 14,649

86,955 136,696

120,693

121,007 149,924 169,719 128,617 69,410

54,558 56,797

Other Ports, Males, Other Ports, Females,

Total,

44,404 67,154 64,313

36,886 38,360 58,515 55,412 62,803 4,820 6,044 8,639 8,901 10,409

41,706

94,331 85,690 58,218 47,847 44,477 19,840 18,089 13,505 11,289 11,146

73,212 114,171 | 103,779 71,723 59,136 55,623

Grand Total,

128,661

181,100 187,847 185,390 223,136

283,890 232,396 141,133 113,694 112,420

Class.

D 38

Table XXIX.

Bunker Coal and Oil shipped during 1935.

EXPORTS.

1934.

1935.

No.

Coal Oil Tons. Tons.

No.

Coal Tons. Tons. Oil

Steamers,

5,547

River Steamers,

4,707

367,695 28,159

100,385 460

5,947 330,970 | 37,971

4,784

116,203 1,688

Total,

10,254

468,080 28,619

10,731 447,173 39,659

D 39

Table XXX.

Comparative Return of Work performed by the Government Marine Surveyor's Department for 3 years ending

31/12/35.

YEAR.

ITEM.

1933.

1934. 1935.

Surveys for Passenger and Safety

Certificate including Radio

20

19

Surveys for Passenger Certificate

122

103

93

Surveys for Safety Radio Telegraphy

Certificates

13

20

16

Surveys for Loadline Certificate

47

41

40

Surveys for Bottom Certificate

18

9

4

Surveys for Emigration Licence

82

83

102

Measurement of Tonnage for British

Registry

32

16-

16

Measurement of Tonnage not for

British Registry

Measurement of Tonnage for Suez

Canal

Measurement of Tonnage for Panama

Canal

Inspection and Certification of Light

and Sound Signals

Inspection and Certification of Life

Saving Appliances

Machinery and Boiler Plans

Surveys of Boilers during Construction

Surveys of Government Land Boilers.. Surveys of Launches for

00

:

8

9

6

5

1

1

11

15

il

11

11

:

62

49

45

7

3

2

47

38

39

plying

Licences

689

682

666

Surveys of Government Launches and

Harbour Buoys, etc.

1,200

1,260

1,413

Ships' Plans Examined

65

212

405

Inclining Experiments

17

7

6

New Lifeboats Surveyed during con-

struction

23

15

9

New Buoyant Apparatus Surveyed

during construction

135

105

727

Lifejackets Inspected and Stamped

14,465

19,179

15,085

Lifebuoys Inspected and Stamped

250

Engineers Examined B.O.T. Certi-

ficates

75

68

47

Engineers Examined Local Certificates

149

120

128

Estimated Total Number of Visits in

connection with Surveys

5,729

4,979

5,618

D 40

Table XXXI.

GOVERNMENT GUNPOWDER DEPOT.

During the year 1935 there has been stored in Government

Gunpowder Depot, Green Island:--

No.

Approxi-

of

mate

Cases.

Weight.

Ib.

Gunpowder, privately owned,

980

74,723

Do., Government owned,

16

400

Cartridges, privately owned,

2.279

209,472

Do., Government owned,

163

21,190

Explosive Compounds, privately owned,

9,657

618,737

Do.,

Government owned,

1,291

74,799

Non-explosives, privately owned,

544

138,990

Total,

14,930

1,138,311

During the same period there has been delivered out of

the Depôt :-

No.

Approxi-

of

mate

Cases.

Weight.

For Sale in the Colony:

lb.

Gunpowder,

35

875

Cartridges,

669

58,018

Explosive Compounds,

3,256

185,515

Non-explosives,

25

6,959

For Export:-

Gunpowder,

547

59,614

Cartridges,

262

28,664

Explosive Compounds,

3,719

260,667

Non-explosives,

227

59,853

Government owned:

Gunpowder,

15

363

Explosive Compounds,

662

33,933

Cartridges,

93

16,880

Total

9,510

711,341

- D 41

Table XXXI,—Continued.

On the 31st December, 1935 there remained as follows:

No. of

Cases.

Approxi-

mate Weight.

lb.

Gunpowder, privately owned

398

14,234

Government owned

1

38

Cartridges, privately owned

1,348

122,790

Government owned

70

4,310

Explosive Compounds, privately owned...

2,682

172,555

""

Government owned

629

40,866

Non-explosives, privately owned

292

72,178

Total,

5,420

426,971

Table XXXII.

Lighthouses and Signal Stations.

TYPHOON

AND

NON-LOCAL

SIGNALS

HOISTED

900

LIGHTHOUSE OR SIGNAL STATION.

VESSELS

SIGNALLED.

MESSAGES MESSAGES

PERIODS

SENT. RECEIVED.

OF FOG.

PERIOD

DIAPHONE

SOUNDED.

FOG

SIGNALS

FIRED.

Gap Rock,

Waglan,

Green Island,

977*

4,707

554

143 hours

30 mins.

4,268+

4,895

921

369 hours

369 hours

55 mins.

55 mins.

1,944

32

Kowloon Signal Station,.

3,309

*

Including 255 by flash lamp.

99

66

:

:

+ Including 1,296 by flash lamp.

.

7

42

110

D 43

Table XXXIII.

Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1934 and 1935. A. HARBOUR DEPARTMENT.

Sub-head of Expenditure.

Amount 1934 Amount 1935.

$ 504,007.99

c.

$ 459,786.95

C.

*Personal Emoluments

Other Charges:-

Coal and Oil Fuel for Launches

208,826.60

157,293.02

Coal for Offices

8,715.25

3,223.05

Conveyance Allowances

5,288.26

5,496.94

Drawing Materials, G.M.S. Office...

119.39

221.10

Electric Fans and Light

1,452.30

1,240.27

Examination Fees

1,130.00

1,370.00

Expenses of numbering Boats

1,238.33

1,242.05

Fees to unofficial members of

Marine Court

160.00

80.00

Incidental Expenses

1,092.18

2,842.79

Launch Moorings and Buoys

Navigational Moorings & Buoys..

6,126.32

Ocean Steamship Moorings and

Buoys

12,358.57

Moorings for Harbour Craft & Rock

and Fairway Buoys

1,989.00

Raising renewing & repairing moor-

ings of Ocean S. Ships

14,985.00

Rent of Offices

3,342.50

Rent Light & Water Allowances for

Slipway Staff

3,270.00

3,270.00

Repairs, Minor improvements and

Stores for Launches & Boats Slipway at Yaumati, Maintenance...

150,123.89

137,748.36

1,984.12

2,812.82

Stores & Equipment for Lighthouses. Sundry Stores

9,771.09

10,388.57

2,286.03

Transport

494,55

544.63

Uniforms

6,358.01

5,285.76

Total Personal Emoluments and

Other Charges C.F.

921,624.49 811,331.20

* Includes Officers of Senior Clerical and Accounting staff and Junior Clerical Services.

D 44

Table XXXIII.-(Continued.)

Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1934 and 1935.-Contd.

A. HARBOUR DEPARTMENT.

Sub-head of Expenditure.

Brought forward

SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.

Amount 1934 Amount 1935

$

921,624.49

$ 811,331.20

C.

Steel Filing Cabinets for G.M.S. New Launch to replace H.D. 1.

548.00

180.00

29,325.00

9,775.00

Instruments & Models for G.M.S.

96.47

284.16

Dalton Adding Machine

375.00

New Engine for R.D. 1.

6,055.00

New Engine for H.D. 7.

6,740.00

Motor Boat

1,850.00

5,300.00

New Police Launch No. 9.

27,787.21

New Police Launch No. 1.

87,993.66

Electric Machine for sewing heavy

Canvas

1,010.14

Training Expenses of Asst. G.M.S.

in England

10,513.54

1,255.85

Five new Launch & Rock Buoys Two Reversible 'A' Class Buoys Spare parts for Engines of R.D. 2. New Engine for Police Launch.

No. 12.

Total Special Expenditure

1,100.00

8,700.00

934.25

6,918.00

54,985.26 146,756.02

Total A.--Harbour Department

976,609.75 958,087.22

D 45

―

Table XXXIV.

Comparative Statement of Revenue 1934 and 1935.

Sub-head of Revenue.

Amount

1934.

Amount

1935.

1. Motor Spirit Duties,

2. Light Dues, Ordinance 10 of 1899,

Buoy Dues, Ordinance 10 of 1899, 3. Licences and Internal Revenue not

otherwise specified :-

Boat Licences, Ord 10 of 1899, Chinese Passenger Ship Licences,

Ordinance 1 of 1889,

Fines, Forfeitures.

Fishing Stake and Station

Licences, Ordinance 10 of 1899, Fishing Stake and Station Licences, from the New Ter- ritories, Ord. 10 of 1899,

$

C.

91.50 431,537.69

$

C.

124.00

348,697.00 133,920.00| 136,910.00

117,852.75 116,533.25

1,200.00 1,380.00

9,487.36

7,863.25

230.00

173.00

25.30

20.70

901.70

824.10

Junk Licences, &c., Ord. 10 of

1899,

34,703.75

32,853.50

Junk Licences, &c., from the New

Territories, Ord. 10 of 1899,

13,721.75

13,302.75

Steam-launch Licences, &c., Ord.

10 of 1899,

15,405,25

15,206,75

4. Fees of Court or Office, Payments for

specific purposes, & Reimbursements-

in Aid:

Court Fees,

3.00

Engagement and Discharge of Sea-

men, Ordinance 10 of 1899,

48.009.89

47,668.35

Examination of Masters, &c., Ord.

10 of 1899,

2,330.00

2,120.00

Gunpowder, Storage of, Ord. 10 of

1899,

38,078.25

28,572.24

Medical Examination of Emig-

rant Ord. 1 of 1889,

145,208.10

156,310.30

1889,

Official Signatures, Ord. 1 of 1889, Publications, Sale of, Ord. 1 of

Registry Fees (Merchant Shipping Act), Ordinance 10 of 1899, Steam-launches, Surveyor's Certi-

ficates, Ordinance 10 of 1899, .. Survey of Steamships, Ordinance)

10 of 1899,

9,450.00

9,020.00

571.10

769.40

1,079.00

2,985.00

12,825.00 11,730.00

81,463.76

75,013.21

Sunday Cargo Working Permits,

Ord. 1 of 1891,

109,325.00

69,931.25

Miscellaneous,

95.67

122.77

Widows' & Orphans' Pension (Con-

tributions,

17.16

35.55

Carried forward,

1,207,032.98 1,078,166.37

D 46

Table XXXIV.—(Continued.)

Comparative Statement of Revenue 1934 and 1935.

Sub-head of Revenue.

Amount

1934.

$

C.

Amount

1935.

Brought forward,

7. Rent of Government Property:

Lands not Leased,

9. Miscellaneous Receipts:-

Sale of condemned stores, Overpayments in Previous Years, Other Miscellaneous Receipts:- Pilot Licences Ord. 3 of 1904, Engagement of Masters and

Engineers of Steam Launches Other Miscellaneous Receipts,

Total,

$

C.

1,207,032.981,078,166.37

539.38!

341.30

2,375.14

443.50

30.01

36.36

105.00

425.00

273.00

265.00

...

$1,210,355.51 1,079,677.53

Table XXXV.

Comparative Statement of Expenditure and Revenue for

last ten years.

Personal (*)

Emoluments

Special

Total

Year.

and Other Expenditure. Expenditure.

Total Revenue.

Charges.

$

C.

$

C.

$

C.

$

C.

1926

571,004.36

84,766.87

655,771.23 820,888.39

1927 653,618.99

21,641.10

675,260.09 1,000,229.80

1928

696,497.98

1929

744,194.35

1930

99,733.94

796,231.92 973.283.46

68,259.67

812,454.02 1,010,061.97

942,271.67 138,788.97 1,081,060.64 | 1,020,741.02

}

1931 1,013,003.51 38,028.27 1,051,031.78 1,433,534.87

1932

998,861.44

1933

953,318.32

1934

921,624.49

1935

811,331.20

106,930.50 1,105,791.94 1,445,435.64 44,678.65 997,996.97 | 1,256,924.71 54,985.26 976,609.75 1,210,355.51 146,756.02 958,087.22 1,079,677.53

(*) Includes Officers of Senior Clerical and Accounting and Junior Clerical Services attached to Department.

1930 and 1931 include figures for Air Services.

1

D 47

Table XXXVI.

Light Dues were collected during the year 1935 as follows:

Class of Vessels.

No. of

Trips.

Rate

Fees Tonnage. per ton. Collected.

*

$

C.

Ocean Vessels

5,937 15,334,589 2.4/10c. 314,891.60

Commission on Bahama

Dues.......

507.48

Steam-launches

2,115

66,095 2.4/10c.j

1,360.26

River Steamers

4,786 4,174,799 9/10c.

31,968.90

Total

12,788 19,575,483

348,728.24

* Charged under Notification No. 147 of 1933.

Table XXXVII.

Licences issued and Revenue collected at Harbour Master's Out Stations:

1934

1934

1935

1935

Stations. Licences Revenue · Revenue Licences Increase. Decrease.

Issued. Collected. Collected. Issued.

Shaukiwan

5,230

17,752.75*17,954.50 5,847

201.75

Aberdeen

6,861

17.771.90 16,961,90 6,542

810.00

Stanley

743

1,275.40 1,444.55

930

169.15

Yaumati

4,872

37,684.50 +38,482.75

4,548

798.25

Cheung Chow

5,850

18,312.00 17,541.00 5,938

771.00

Tai O

Taipo

2,155 4,645.55 2,223 6,239.65 5,390.15 1,875

5,292.65 2,526

647.10

849.50

Saikung

677

Longket

933

2,376.75 4,381.90

1,698.00 2,058.50 735 1,981

360.50

2,005.15

Deep Bay

1,728

Lantau

451

5,084.80 3,607.70 1,349 1,173.95 1,723.45 605

1,477.10

549.50

Total

31,773 114,015.25 | 114,839.05 32,876

4,731.40

3,907.60

Net Increase

* Excluding Dispensary Fees

+

รง

"

823.80

.$1,620.10 3,728.60

Table XXXVIII.

Number of Boat Licences, Permits, etc., issued and Fees collected during the year 1935.

(Under Table U, Section 39, of Ordinance No. 10 of 1899.)

DESCRIPTION.

Licence Books

Boat Repainting

LICENCES.

LICENCE DUPLICATE Books. LICENCES.

BOAT RE-

PAINTING.

SPECIAL

PERMITS.

FEES.

3,159

...

:

6,094

1,163

...

Special Permits

Passenger Boats, A & B Classes

Lighters, Cargo and Water Boats

:Other Boats, Class IV

Fish Drying Hulks

2,397

1,850

15,292

65

:

:

:

:

:

:

Duplicate Licences

:

:

:

:

TOTAL

19,604

3,159

1

6,094

$3,222.00

1,528.50

290.75

D

48

:

:

:

:

12,909.75

48,812.25

49,266.75

523.25

1.00

1,163 $116,549.25

- D 49-

Table XXXIX.

B.-AIR SERVICES.

Comparative Statement of Expenditure 1934 and 1935.

Sub-head of Expenditure.

Amount 1934 Amount 1935.

Personal Emoluments

$ 18,066.11

C.

$

C.

20,623.72

Other Charges:-

Annual Subsidy to Flying Club

21,197.93

Annual Subsidy to Volunteers

29,854.59

Electric Fans and Light

221.06

200.23

Incidental Expenses

247.21

100.54

Upkeep of Buoys

250.00

100.00

Upkeep of Motor Car

209.20

275.69

Upkeep of Motor Roller ́

28.35

Upkeep of Aerodrome

1,655.85

Upkeep of Fire Engine

52.13

Total Personal Emoluments and

Other Charges

40,191.51

52,891.10

Special Expenditure:-

Instruments and Books, for

Examination

Fire Engine for Kai Tak Aerodrome Flying Fees for Asst. Supt. of

Aerodrome

Drawing Instruments for Aeronau-

133.22

479.52 7,777.09

2,452.08

tical Inspection Section

113.30

One Motor Car

3,857.99

...

Office Appliance

411,35

One Motor Roller

4,942.90

Course of Instruction for Assistant

Supt. Aerodrome

1,307.09

Total Special Expenditure

10,765.85 10,708.69

Total B. Air Services

50,957.36 63,599.79

Appendix E.

REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMPORTS AND

EXPORTS FOR THE YEAR 1935.

I. LIQUOR.

1. Although consumption increased by 109,559 gallons the net revenue collected showed a decrease as compared with 1934 of $103,583.50 due to the unusual rate of exchange, which of course as regards imported liquor entailed a very low factor. The gallonage of whisky, gin, sherry, Empire and other brandy showed a considerable increase and the consumption of local and imported beer has been far more than maintained.

There has been a decreased consumption of native local distilled spirit which was counter-balanced by a slight increase in that of imported native spirit.

Spirit of wine showed a decreased consumption determined chiefly by the high dollar which limited exports of perfume.

2. Illicit distilleries still continued to give trouble, not only in the New Territories and the various islands but also in the built up areas of Kowloon. In the former case it was very difficult to arrest the culprits because operations were usually carried out on the hill-side and the approach of a raiding party was signalled by watchers, so that the still and the mash were spirited off to the undergrowth to pre-arranged hiding places. Convictions were more frequent in the latter case, because the transport problem in crowded areas presented unusual difficulties.

A note worthy seizure occurred on a small sailing boat near Lyeemun Pass when 210 gallons of wine and 170 lbs. of tobacco were discovered. The two occupants of the boat took fright on the approach of the Revenue party and jumped over- board. Unfortunately in the darkness only one man was retrieved.

Smuggling on river steamers and launches remained un- abated, the most notable offenders being the crews of ships engaged on the Northern Coastal Trade.

II. TOBACCO.

In spite of an increase in the consumption of cigarettes and tobacco there was a slight decrease in the net revenue due to the low factor.

:

E 2

Smuggling of cigarettes as a result of low prices pre- vailing in local market has been on the down-grade, although at one time the low fares charged by the Railway and the Shipping Companies had reduced the cost of travel to and from Canton to such an extent that smuggling of Chinese tobacco became a paying proposition. Increased vigilance on the part of waterfront searchers and salutary fines by the Magistrates soon reduced the traffic to normal. Of the total quantity of tobacco seized 75% was brought in by the crews of steamers trading to Macao, Canton and other river ports.

III.-MOTOR SPIRIT.

The duty collected on Motor Spirit showed a slight decrease this year.

Car-owners in days of depression have had to resort to smaller cars, whilst the gradual conversion by the Bus Com- panies of their vehicles to Diesel engines has also contributed to the decreased sale of petrol. The opening of the New Peak Road which has cut down considerably the distance separating the upper residential area from the office area below may also have been a contributory influence.

IV.-OPIUM.

The

The total amount of prepared opium sold amounted only to 17,293 taels, the lowest on record. The net amount of revenue derived was $360,462, little more than half of last year's revenue from the same source. Of this sum, $179,680, about 49% of total income was received from the sale of Kam Shan Opium which is reserved for specially registered smokers less than one hundred in number. Such a serious decline in revenue means that Government is now subsidizing opium preventive work to the extent of nearly $400,000 a year. explanation of the decline in Revenue lies partly in the continued unpopularity of Singapore opium which seems to be distasteful to the Chinese palate, partly in the plentiful supply of cheap illicit opium, mostly of Chinese origin, partly in the alarming increase in the use of heroin pills which are now among certain classes more favoured than opium, either licit or illicit, and partly owing to the fact that all classes have much less money to spend owing to the incidence of the Depression.

Chinese Raw Opium.

In 1934 seizures of Chinese Raw Opium amounted to nearly 83,000 taels, whilst in the year under review approximately 38,600 taels were seized in 564 seizures. The decline may be

E 3

due to the decreased scale of rewards for information, or it may be that the smuggling and smoking of opium is on the decline.

The main source of supply appears to have been Kwong Chow. Wan and it is probable that raw opium from Yunnan Province found a readier means of export by the Southern Route than through the Province of Kwangsi. An extract from the South China Morning Post of the 22nd August, 1935, states "Kwangsi has been impoverished by the stoppage of the flow "of opium from Yunnan the route having been altered so that "it now passes through Kwei Chow and Hunan. General Wang "Chao Hung has seen to it that part but not all of narcotics "shall be routed through Kwangsi in future so that this "province may regain some of its lost transit fees".

The main business of smuggling was in the hands of highly organized syndicates who usually arranged for the transfer of such opium from ship to junks (sometimes outside Colonial Waters) from whence it was sub-divided amongst a horde of attendant sampans, some of which acted as decoys, and then landed at convenient depôts to be stored in the caves and hill-sides of Hong Kong and the surrounding islands.

One such opium dump was discovered on the island of Lamma towards the close of the year, when 2,386 taels of raw and 1,730 taels of prepared opium were found. A pit had been dug close to a fisherman's hut which was deserted before the Revenue Party could get ashore, but two revolvers and ammunition found there, indicated an intention on the part of the occupants to deal drastically with casual intruders.

Another favoured method was to dump a fairly large con- signment of opium at some convenient spot on the sea-bed, and to retrieve enough at one time to fulfill the orders on hand.

The retail price of Chinese raw opium was a little lower than in 1933 and 1934 varying from $1.50 per tael to $2. The supply was plentiful and a steady stream flowed in via launches, junks and sampans and by train from Canton. There were a few cases of opium being dumped from the train en route at certain selected spots where accomplices were waiting to retrieve it.

Persian Raw Opium.

There were four major seizures of Persian Raw Opium contituting about six-sevenths of the total seized. One seizure revealed considerable ingenuity on the part of the smugglers,

E. 4

where on the S.S. "Tjisaroea" nine wooden cases containing leather suit cases loaded at Shanghai and bound for Batavia were found to have special slots cut in the end-boards of the packing cases wherein 1,200 taels of raw opium and 64 ounces · of heroin hydrochloride were found concealed. In another case 2,748 taels were found on board S.S. "Gaasterkerk" concealed under the cargo.

The conditions under which large seizures of Persian raw opium were made indicated that it was all intended for export to Singapore, Java and Southern ports.

Prepared Opium.

Of 18,168 taels of prepared opium seized about two-thirds was Kwong Chow Wan brand. There was one seizure of Red Lion Brand on board S.S. "Gaasterkerk" of 3,132 taels, but apart from this, the brand seems to have lost its popularity, and to have been supplanted by the Kwong Chow Wan brand.

The major seizure during the year was on board M.V. "Pleasant-ville" bound for U.S.A. Ports when 6,330 taels of prepared opium were seized. In the early hours of the morning a Revenue party in a sampan watched opium in sacks being hauled over the ship's stern and immediately followed it on board, where it was seized while being conveyed to a place of safety. A further search of the ship resulted in more opium being discovered in a cargo of copra, in spite of the sturdy defence put up by its small but active inhabitants.

}:

Practically all of this prepared opium was intended for export to such places as Java, Singapore, U.S.A. and Australia. It was very rare indeed to find tins of either of the above- mentioned brands in opium divans in Hong Kong, although, occasionally, raids on private houses yielded a few hundred taels which were evidently meant for export.

The average price of illicit prepared opium in Hong Kong varied between $2.50 and $3 per tael.

Opium Divans.

Divans continued to thrive in number and strength, and whereas formerly opium and heroin flourished separately they are now smoked indiscriminately from the same lamp. It is estimated by experienced officers that the Colony contains from 2,000 to 3,000 divans each, with a daily consumption of 2 taels of opium per day. Although daily raids were carried out by the Department on divans, the task of stamping them out was well-nigh hopeless, because as soon as one keeper was arrested and his opium and pipes confiscated, another immediately filled

E 5

the breach, more often than not in the same house and floor, for an opium divan once established increases its good-will from month to month, and the real keeper can always for a few dollars per month, get "tai-dongs" who are prepared to take the blame and go to prison.

Opium Shops.

The sale of Government opium continued to be restricted to the Head Office, six Government Shops, and 24 salaried retailers in outlying districts. In consonance with recommen- dations of the League of Nations it was decided towards the end of the year to abolish 13 retailers within the environs of Hong Kong and Kowloon and replace them by 7 new Government opium shops which are to be opened on February 1st 1936, thus leaving only the New Territories and very inaccessible parts of Hong Kong and Kowloon to be served by the retailers.

V.-HEROIN.

The practice of smoking heroin pills has now become endemic and the year's seizures amounted to 517,490 pills and 86 ozs. of heroin. The major seizure of heroin was made on S.S. "Tjisaroea" to which reference has already been made. This heroin however was not intended for Hong Kong, and was probably shipped from Shanghai to Java. Casual seizures included two bottles bearing Japanese labels and it is possible that some of the local heroin was smuggled from Japan by boats calling at Hong Kong.

The difficulties in suppressing this new business are immense for one ounce of heroin which is easily concealed can make about 30,000 pills and unfortunately the possession of the major ingredients of a pill, without heroin, is no offence.

Moreover, although formerly pills were probably imported into Hong Kong, there has now sprung up a mushroom growth of heroin factories, mostly of the small hand type kind with easily transportable apparatus. The immense number of empty houses in Hong Kong facilitated the establishment of these places. Normally a gang rented a floor for at most 3 or 4 days, when the mixture for one consignment of heroin pills was prepared, and at the last minute enough heroin was brought in to produce the finished product. The pills were then dried on the premises and immediately despatched to distributing centres. The apparatus was then packed up and the gang moved on. It was

thus easy to keep outside the law, for information was usually received too late. The master of a factory never resided on the premises and only occasionally visited them so that when arrests were made poor dupes, earning a few dollars per month, alone were found.

·

- E 6-

The menace of heroin however is not confined to Hong Kong for China has found opium supplanted by the new trade to such extent that drastic penalties have been imposed against smugglers and dealers.

Heroin Pill Divans.

Last year's report stated that indiscriminate smoking was not the rule and opium divans were still easily in the majority. The position has now been reversed for opium and heroin are smoked indiscriminately and heroin divans which keep an opium pipe or two, are now in the majority. Divans have increased immensely in size, and whereas formerly it was the custom to find four or five pipes, it is not uncommon now to find twelve to fourteen pipes. Although divans are sometimes furnished with European beds, the old-style bed-board is still as popular as ever. The clientele, however, with the increasing popularity of heroin has become less select, and manufacturers sometimes impose on lower class divans by selling pills which often contain no heroin at all. It is noticeable moreover that there is always a fair sprinkling of women among the smokers. It is the usual custom of the divans to keep a very small supply of pills on hand, normally about 100 or 200, which ensures that when arrested, the penalty will be small. Fresh supplies are easily obtainable, for there is always a distributing centre within easy range.

VI. OTHER DANGEROUS Drugs.

There were no seizures of crude morphia or morphine pills for the year, nor was there any evidence of such imports into the Colony.

VII.-REVENUE STATION AT FAN LING.

Satisfactory results have been obtained by the Revenue party stationed at Fan Ling for the year, and the numbers of seizures and arrests have been well maintained. Smuggling operations on the frontier however are still extensive, for most commodities are dutiable in China and the smuggler usually carries wine or tobacco on his return journey to British territory. The presence of Revenue Officers on the trains and at the stations has also had a salutary effect, although it is evident from seizures in Kowloon, that opium and tobacco still find a way in by rail.

VIII.-LEGISLATION.

•

Under the Importation and Exportation Ordinance, 1915, the Government prohibited as from 15th June, 1935, the export from the Colony to any country or place other than China of

43

E 7-

any silver coin minted in China, and on the 9th November, 1935, the Government prohibited the export of any British dollars, Mexican dollars, Hong Kong subsidiary silver coin or silver bullion from this Colony to any country or place. The effect of these two regulations is that there is now an embargo on the export of silver from Hong Kong with the exception of silver coins minted in China. These two regulations preceded the adoption by Hong Kong on the 5th December, 1935, of what is generally known as a managed currency.

On 22nd November the Superintendent of Imports and Exports was authorised by the Governor in Council to exercise in Hong Kong the powers of the Commissioners of Customs and Excise under the Treaty of Peace (Covenant of the League of Nations) Order, 1935, which prohibited the import from, and export to, Italian territory of certain goods.

In this connection amendments were made to the re- gulations made under the Registration of Imports and Exports Ordinance, 1915.

IX.-TRADE STATISTICS.

Although the visible trade of the Colony, measured in terms of local currency, declined by 14.2% in the year 1935 as compared with the year 1934, and 29.6% as compared with the year 1933, there was not a corresponding decline in the number of documents dealt with by the Statistical Office. During the year 1935, 566,517 declarations were received, and checked against 41,718 vessels' manifests, as compared with 579,787 declarations and 40,175 manifests in 1934; and 586,046 declarations and 47,016 manifests in 1933. The number of declarations received declined by only 2.3% as compared with 1934, and 3.3% as compared with 1933. The number of manifests which were received of ocean-going vessels increased from 12,173 in 1934 to 13,323 in 1935; river vessels from 11,533 to 11,764 and junks from 16,469 to 16,631.

During the latter part of 1934 legal proceedings were taken against several firms in the Colony for failing to declare their imports and exports within the required period, and it is pleasing to record that the improvement noted in this respect immediately following the prosecutions was sustained during 1935.

There was an increased demand for the Hong Kong Trade and Shipping Returns during the year, and also an increase in the number of firms requiring special statistical information: fees charged for the latter increased by 38.4% in 1935 as com- pared with 1934.

E 8.

In order to estimate with greater accuracy than is possible by a statement of values only, the increase or decrease in the actual volume of the trade of the Colony, an index figure was constructed taking the year 1931 as a base. For the purposes of this index number some 185 articles were selected, including the commonest which could be enumerated by quantity. The comparison is given below:

1931

*

100

By Quantity.

By Value.

1932

92.3

84.6

1933

89.1

67.9

1934

74.8

56.4

1935

78.1

57.0

27th April, 1936.

E. W. HAMILTON,

Superintendent of Imports and Exports.

E 9

Table I.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE FOR LAST THREE YEARS.

1933.

1934.

1935.

$

Personal Emoluments (1)

..........311,632.97

283,706.20

262,743.44

Other Charges :—

Advertisements

63.50

· Binding Permits

120.00

120.00

120.00

Candles & Batteries

289.63

278.23

167.68

Cleansing Materials & Washing

238.50

359.49

Conveyance & Motor Allowances

3,722.83

4,018.84

4,702.72

Elec. Light Fans & Heating

67.28

371.94

384.53

Gas for Laboratory

Incidental Expenses

...

142,74

507.66

302.91

426.60

Laboratory Stores

793.17

799.58

452.31

Liquor Labels, Printing

1,915.00

1,995.50

1,843,00

Office Cleaning Materials

224.21

254.93

280.84

Overtime Allowance for Clerical

Staff

270.00

205.50

221.25

Rent of Staff Quarters in N.T. ...

270.00

1,680.00

1,680.00

Revenue Reward Fund

...

Stationery, &c.

143.03

189.13

116.46

Transport

1,042.46

1,386.06

1,354.37

Uniforms for R.Os. & Messengers

5,175.15

4,341.71

4,916.87

Opium :--Elec. Fans & Light

140.94

110.64

Fuel

46.27

Incidental Expenses

81.05

8.63

Miscellaneous Stores

388.89

12.40

Packing Expenses

8,029.15

1,892.62

970.23

Purchase of Raw Opium,

&c.

.362,422.23

38,115.00

25,037.35

Rent of Quarters for

Staff

200.00

Repairs & Renewals

Transport

374.93

156.55

32.00

Expenses of 6 Govt.

Opium Shops

12,701.34

12,361.38 12,249.59

Gratuities to Opium

Factory Staff

3,885.22

Carried forward. 403.112.44

68,961.04

55,097.94

•

E10-

Table I.-Continued.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE FOR LAST THREE YEARS.

1933.

1934.

1935.

Brought forward.

403,112.44

68,961.04

55,097.94

Statistical Branch :-

Book Binding

134.75

140.35

131.55

Cleaning Materials

98.46

63.14

76.10

Elec. Light & Heating

346.36

301.36

399.58

Forms & Registers

288.00

500.00

503.00

Incidental Expenses

190.66

248.40

127.68

Miscellaneous Stationery

37.80

43.70

8.45

Printing of Reports

7,316,00

7,015.00

6,216.00

Transport

104.96

Uniforms for Coolies & Messengers

131.00

109.88

121.05

Total Other Charges

.411,655.47

77,382.87

62.786.91

Special Expenditure

----

Thompson Gun

Refrigerator

Patrol Waggon

551.18

562.50

2,453.38

:

:

Total Special Expenditure ... 551.18

3,015.88

Total

.723,839.62 364,104.95 325,530.35

FOOTNOTE (1) includes Officers of Cadet, S.C. & A. Staff and Junior

Clerical Services.

Table II.

}

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE FOR LAST THREE YEARS.

Duties:-

Liquor Duties

Motor Spirit Duties

Tobacco Duties

Licences & Internal Revenue:-

Liquor Licences

Motor Spirit Licences

Opium Monopoly

Tobacco Licences

Fines & Forfeitures:

Forfeitures

Fees of Court or Office: Official Signatures Fees

1933.

1934.

1935.

Gross.

Net.

Gross.

Net.

Gross.

Net.

$

$

$

$

$

$

2,358,304.03 2,259,344.20 2,137,041.63 2,048,011.21 1,863,914.06 1,806,645.23 662,576.67 652,667.06 705,549.69 705,544.19 663,771.82

663,248.27 E

3,158,286.00 2,921,456.05 3,205,522.40 2,953,833.88 2,812,244.06 2,703,865.54

E 11

196,450.00 196,450.00

191,522.44

191,522.44

3,520.00

3,520.00

3,210.00

3,210.00

1,163,781.701,152,851.70

664,018.80

655,067.94

183,650.00

3,605.00

361,713.55

183,650.00

I

8,605.00

*352,713.55

77,082.38

77,082.33

71,572.50

71,572.50

72,138.50

72,138.50

40.29 40,29

6,515.00 6,515.00 11,605.00

5.57

5.57

531.78

· 31.78

11,605.00

6,498.00

6.498.00

3,581.13

8,470.85

3,470.85 4,201.36 4,198.86

Miscellaneous Receipts:-

Other Miscellaneous Receipts

3,581.13

Total

7,630,137.157,278,507.76 6,993,518.88 6,643,843.58 5,972,268.13 5,796,594.73

* Less Opium expenses shown in Table I-$38,289.17-Net $314,424.38.

...

E 12

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE & REVENUE

FOR LAST THREE YEARS.

Personal*

Emoluments

Special

Year.

and Other

Total Expenditure. Expenditure.

Total Revenue.

-

Charges.

1933 1934

723,288.44

361,089.07

1935

325,530.35

551,18

723,839.62

3,015.88

364,104.95

325,530.35

7,273,507.76 6,643,843.58

5,796,594.73

Includes Officers of Cadet Service, S.C. & A. Staff and Junior Clerical

Service attached to Department.

Table IV.

RETURN OF LIQUOR DUTY COLLECTED DURING THE YEAR 1935.

European Type Liquor.

Class of Liquor.

Gallons.

Amount of Duty collected.

$

Ale, Beer, Cider and Stout,

347,911

180,037.70

Beer (Local)

113,839

62,188.28

Brandy

17,456

90,803.08

(Empire)

1,876

4,994.29

Whisky

34,651

184,109.32

Gin and Cocktail

20,154

106,199.47

Rum

2,645

14,192.87

Champagne and Sparkling Wine.

2,166

19,492.58

Claret

2,665

7,189.38

Port Wine

6,710

23,936.67

Sherry, Madeira and Malaga

4,812

17,530.52

Vermouth

4,174

11,038.54

Liqueur

1,933

17,131.33

Spirits of Wine

16,856

71,337.76

Spirituous Liquor

10,982

20.022.97

Miscellaneous

5,397

14,445.15

Difference on over-proof,

fractions and arrears of duty...

5,041.22

Total

594,227

849,691.13

NOTE:-Fractions of a gallon are not shown in this Table.

:

E 13

Table Y.

RETURN OF LIQUOR DUTY COLLECTED DURING THE YEAR 1935. Chinese and Japanese Liquor.

Native Spirits not

Liquor Amount of

Amount of

distilled duty Imported

Total amount of

duty

locally. collected.

Liquor. collected.

duty collected.

Gallons.

Gallons.

more than 24%

of alcohol by

weight

735,406 772,990.58

37,203

38,576.11 811,566,69

Native Spirits over

24% of alcohol

by weight

51,124 64,399.67

40,892

Northern

Spirits

weight

over 24% alcohol

Japanese Sake

of

134,043.77 198,443.44

by

47,198

:.

3,559 4,012.50 4,012.50

Difference on over-

strength,

frac-

tions and arrears

of duty

Total

200.30

200.30

1,014,222.93

NOTE :-Fractions of a gallon are not shown in this Table.

Table VI.

SUMMARY OF REVENUE COLLECTED FROM LIQUOR DURING THE YEAR 1935.

$

Duties on European Type Liquor

758,330.40

Duties on Spirituous Liquor

91,360.73

Duties on Chinese and Japanese Liquor

1,014,222.98

Brewery Licence Fees

400.00

Liquor Dealer's Licence Fees

33,500.00

Distillery Licence Fees

775.00

Chinese Spirits Shop Licence Fees

145,275.00

Chinese Liquor Importer's Licence Fees

3,700.00

Total

2,047,564.06

Refund of Liquor Duties

57,268.83

Net Total

1,990;295.23

·E 14-

Table VII.

RETURN OF DUTY PAID TOBACCO FOR THE YEAR 1935.

Class of Tobacco.

lbs.

Duty.

Cigars

11,292

19,422.24

Cigarettes

535,473

442,547.01

European Tobacco

16,653

14,321.58

Chinese Prepared Tobacco

24,935

19.299.69

Clean Tobacco Leaf

5,670

4,096.01

Raw Tobacco Leaf

3,841,351

2,312,557.53-

Total

$2,812,244.06

(1) Duty paid on Tobacco for the year

$2,812,244.06

Miscellaneous fees

293.66

Gross Revenue

$2,812,537.72

Less Drawbacks

108,378.52

Net Revenue

$2,704,159.20

(2) Licence fees.

Retailer's

Squatter's

Importer's

Manufacturer's

Licensed Warehouse

$58,018.50

4,720.00

6,000.00

2,600.00

800.00

$72,138.50

NOTE:-Fractions of a pound are not shown in this table.

E 15

Table VIII.

MOTOR SPIRIT DUTIES 1935.

Motor Spirit. Duties

$663,248.27

Licensed Warehouse Licence Fees

1,500.00

Importer's Licence (General) Fees

1,500.00

Importer's Licence (Special) Fees

300.00

Retailer's Licence Fees

305.00

MOTOR SPIRIT.

LICENCES ISSUED DURING THE YEAR 1935.

Licensed Warehouse Licences

Importer's Licences (General)

Importer's Licences (Special)

Retailer's Licences

Table IX.

TOTAL AMOUNT OF PREPARED OPIUM SOLD

DURING THE YEAR 1935.

$666,853:27

6

15

61

Kamshan Bengal Opium

6,738.00 taels

Singapore Opium

10,555.20

Total

17,293.20 taels

16

Table X.

STATEMENT OF OPIUM TRANSHIPPED DURING THE YEAR 1935.

Iranian Chests. Afghan Ohests. Total Chests.

From Bushire viâ Bombay

590

590

From Afghanistan viâ Bombay

1

1

Total

590

1

591

To Macao

570

570

To Dairen

1

1

To Keelung

20

20

Total

590

1

591

Table XA.

STATEMENT OF OPIUM IN TRANSIT DURING THE YEAR 1935.

Turkish Chests. Iranian Chests. Total Chests.

From Hamburg

50

50

...

From Istanbul via Port Said .. 197

197

Total ......... 197

50

247

To Keelung vi Kobe

25

50

75

To Yokohama

172

172

Total

197

50

247

www.

E 17

Table XI.

CONTRABAND SEIZED BY REVENUE OFFICERS IN HONG KONG AND

KOWLOON.

(1) Opium.

Seizures.

Prepared Raw

17,912 taels.

459

39,634

347

""

Opium dross

42

3

37

(2) Arms.

Rifle

Revolvers Ammunition

24

2

1

4

3

286

4

(3) Tobacco.

Cigars

26

1

Cigarettes

9,766

3

Chinese Tobacco

8,815 lbs.

294

(4) Liquor.

European Wine

Spirit of Wine

Chinese Spirit

(5) Dangerous Drugs.

Heroin

Heroin Pills

Codeine Phosphate

(6) Miscellaneous.

gallon.

1

203

1

""

1,653

89

11

86 ounces.

3

517,490 pills.

170

14 ounces.

1

Illicit Still

24

20

False Coin

$288.65

7

Small Craft confiscated

18

13.

:

E 18

Table XIA.

CONTRABAND SEIZED BY REVENUE OFFICERS IN NEW TERRITORIES.

(1) Opium.

Prepared

Raw

Opium Dross

(2) Arms.

Rifle

Revolvers

Ammunition

(3) Tobacco.

Cigars Cigarettes

Chinese Tobacco Tobacco Leaf

Cigarettes Ends

(4) Liquor.

Spirit of Wine Chinese Spirit

(5) Dangerous Drugs.

Heroin Hydrochloride Crude Morphia

1935.

Heroin Pills

(6) Miscellaneous.

Illicit Stills

Lottery Tickets

Illicit Distilling Apparatus

False Bank Notes

False Coin

Small Craft confiscated

Motor Boat confiscated

Seizures.

11 taels.

6

566.7 taels

24

1

1

1

1,299.5 lbs.

59

353.725 gallons.

43

127

4

37

35

...

Table XIB.

CONTRABAND SEIZED BY THE POLICE.

Chinese Tobacco

Cigarettes

Tobacco Leaf

Chinese Spirits

European Wine

Diluted Spirit of Wine

Raw Opium (Chinese and Persian) Prepared Opium (2nd and 3rd grade)

1,302.29 pounds

820 700.00

"1

962.48 gallons

.58 " 60.75

"

6,156.1 taels

154.53 ""

E 19

Table XII.

PROSECUTIONS BY IMPORTS AND EXPORTS DEPARTMENT IN

HONG KONG AND KOWLOON.

Arrests.

Convictions. Bail Estreated.

(1) Opium.

Possession

721

624

25

Boiling

27

*20

Importing

2

Exporting

10

8

...

Dealing

5

Sending by post

2

1

(2) Arms.

Illegal Possession

5

5

(3) Tobacco.

Possession Cigars

1

Possession Cigarettes

1

1

...

Possession Chinese

Tobacco

281

260

6

Unlicensed Selling

1

....

(4) Liquor.

European Wine

1

1

Spirit of Wine

1

1

Chinese Spirit

50

42

Destruction of

Evidence

2

...

17

.13

Illegal distilling

(5) Dangerous Drugs.

Heroin

Heroin Pills

Codeine Phosphate

2

1

181.

,160

1

1

....

: co:

3

(6) Miscellaneous.

Unmanifested Cargo

6

6

False Coin..........

7

6

Total ......... 1,324

1,150

41

E 20

Table XIIA.

PROSECUTIONS BY IMPORTS AND EXPORTS DEPARTMENT IN

NEW TERRITORIES.

1935

Arrests.

Convictions. Bail Estreated.

(1) Opium.

Possession

81

27

4

Boiling

Importing

Dealing

(2) Arms.

Illegal Possession

2

1

(3) Tobacco.

48

46

Possession Cigars

Possession Cigarettes .

Possession Chinese

Tobacco

Possession Cigarettes

end

Importing

Unlicensed Selling

(4) Liquor.

Spirit of Wine

Chinese Spirit Destruction of

Evidence

Illegal Distilling

(5) Dangerous Drugs.

Heroin

Crude Morphia Cocaine

Heroin Pills

...

(6) Miscellaneous.

Lottery Tickets

False Bank Note

False Coin

30

27

Unmanifested Cargo ..

Total

:10

5

4

::

4

4

:

2.

-

120

109

4

- 21-

Table XIII.

Fines and Forfeitures collected by the Courts under Opium,

Liquor and Tobacco Ordinances.

Hong Kong Magistracy

Kowloon Magistracy

District Office, North

District Office, South

For Opium

$11,075.61

3,766.54

1,019.10

618.14

$16,479.39

REWARDS PAID.

$31,132.00

For Drugs, Liquor and Tobacco &c. 18,604.77

Table XIV.

$49,736.77

Raw Opium:-

ANNUAL RETURN OF OPIUM AND DANGEROUS DRUG SEIZURES

FOR THE YEAR 1935.

No. of Cases. Quantity in Taels.

Chinese

564

38,860

Iranian

21

7,473

Total

585

46,333

Prepared Opium:-

Red Lion Brand

3,893

Indo-China

1

9

Canton

26

360

Wuchow

.: 310

Kwong Chow Wan

12,350

Doubtful

757

1,246

Total

835

18,168

Opium Dross

19

126 taels.

Opium Water

43

331 gallons.

Dangerous Drugs:-

Diacetylmorphine Pills

310

654,233 pills.

Diacetylmorphine

831 ounces.

Codeine Pills

40,797 pills.

Codeine Phosphate

2

6 ounces.

Dionin Pills

.1

2,209 pills.

Dionin

2

93 grains.

Table XV.

ANNUAL RETURN ON MAJOR SEIZURES OF OPIUM For the Year 1935.

Place of Seizure.

41, Queen's Road West, 1st floor

Kind of Opium.

Taels.

Destination indicated by Circumstances of Seizure.

Chinese, Raw

2,750

Yaumati Typhoon Shelter

Oil Lighter "Po Koi" at Bay View Boat 4516A at Gin Drinker's Bay "President Hayes" along Kowloon Wharf Junk near Ferry Wharf, Sham Shui Po Junk at Yaumati Typhoon Shelter

S.S. Wing Wo in the Harbour of Victoria S.S. Wing Wo in the Harbour of Victoria Saigon Wharf

S.S. Toi Shan

Iranian, Raw

816

Chinese, Raw

2,230

do.

950

Kwong Chow Wan, Prepared Chinese, Raw

3,300

Hong Kong. For export.

Hong Kong. Hong Kong. U.S.A.

•

1,320

Hong Kong.

do.

do.

980

Hong Kong.

940

Hong Kong.

Kwong Chow Wan, Prepared

640

Hong Kong.

Iranian, Raw

1,360

For export.

Chinese, Raw

900

Hong Kong.

60, Catchick Street, 1st floor

Nam Cheong Street

Boat at Kennedy Town

Boat at Gin Drinker's Bay

M.S. Pleasantville

do..

550

Hong Kong.

do.

880

Hong Kong.

do.

700

Hong Kong.

do.

1,824

Hong Kong.

Kwong Chow Wan, Prepared

2,990

U.S.A.

M.S. Pleasantville

Railway Station, Tsim Sha Tsui S.S. Ping Tsi

Fishing Boat at Cheung Chau Island Sea-shore near Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon S.S. Gaasterkerk

S.S. Gaasterkerk

24, Wai Ching Street, ground floor Fisherman's hut, Lamma Island Fisherman's hut, Lamma Island S.S. Tjisarca

Red Lion, Prepared Iranian, Raw

do.

3,340

U.S.A.

Chinese, Raw

600

Hong Kong.

do.

510

Hong Kong.

do.

2,450

Hong Kong.

do.

850

Hong Kong.

3,132

Singapore or Java.

2,748

Singapore or Java.

Chinese, Raw

1,780

Hong Kong.

do.

2,886

For export.

Kwong Chow Wan, Prepared

1,500

For export.

Iranian, Raw

1,200

Batavia.

{

2

-E 23

Table XVI.

IMPORTATION OF DANGEROUS DRUGS DURING THE YEAR 1935.

. Kilos.

4.477

Ethylmorphine Hydrochloride, in preparations containing 0.874

1.33

Codeine as Alkaloid

Medicinal Opium

Medicinal Opium, in preparations containing

9.7

Morphine as alkaloid, salts and preparations containing... 2.1 Cocaine as alkaloid and salts

0.84

Table XVII.

LICENCES ISSUED DURING THE YEAR 1935.

Liquor.

Brewery Licence

Dealer's Licence

Licensed Warehouse

1 34

1

Chinese Liquor Shop Licence (excluding New Territories)... 228 Chinese Liquor Importer's Licence

Restricted Grocer's Licence

Distillery Licence:-

(a) Hong Kong and Aplichau

(b) Konwloon, South of Kowloon Hills (c) New Territories, North

(d) New Territories, South

4247

37

19

17

Tobacco.

Importer's Licence

60

Retailer's Licence:

(a) $30.00

1,200

(b) $20.00

986

(c) $ 5.00

416

(d) Nominal Fee $1.00

18

-2,620

Squatter's Licence $8.00

458

Delivery Coolies Licence $8.00

132

590

Licensed Warehouse

3

Manufacturer's Licence

17

E 24

Table XVIII.

STATISTICAL OFFICE.

COMPARATIVE TABLE OF NUMBERS OF DECLARATIONS RECEIVED ANL ITEMS ENTERED THEREFROM IN 1934 AND 1935.

Declarations.

Items.

1934.

1935.

1934.

1935.

January

43,601

47,811

93,402

96,394

February

33,012

37,929

69,058

78,976

March

46,361

52,200

98,085

105,974

April

46,271

49,693

95,893

101,741

May June July

48,306

51,761

94,782

102,326

47,403

44,141

94.822

89,118

49,645

47,183

99,966

94,513.

August

54,403

47,298 112,725

96,534

September

50,136

46,035

105,607

94,297

October

54,128

50,358

113,630

105,141

:

November

53,161

44,682 113,832

97,970

December

53,360

47,426 110,541 102,288

Total

579,787

566,517 1,202,343 1,165,272

Average

48,316

47,210 100,195

97,106

Table XIX.

STATISTICAL OFFICE.

NUMBER OF MANIFESTS RECEIVED DURING 1935.

Ocean.

River.

Junk.

Total.

January

February

1,101

951

1,588

3,640

1,006

853

1,173

3,032

March

April May

1,200

943

1,704

3,847

1,137

1,032

1,811

3,980

1,164

1,072

1,895

4,131

June

1,066

957

1,347

3,370

July

1,109

1,071

1,105

3,285

August

1,059

1,039

1,042

3,140

September

1,061

1.019

1,201

3,281

October

1,208

1,032

1,367

3,607

November

1,088

916

1,149

3,153

December

1,124

879

1,249

3,252

Total

13,323

11,764

16,631

41,718

Average per month...

1,110

980

1,386

3,476

·

E 25

Table XX.

STATISTICAL OFFICE.

COMPARATIVE TABLE OF NUMBER OF MANIFESTS RECEIVED

IN 1934 AND 1935.

Inward.

Outward.

1934.

1935.

1934.

1935.

Ocean

5,972

6,564

6,201

6,759

River

5,950

5,631

5,583

6,133

Junk

8,269

8,001

8,200

8,330

Total

20,191

20,496

19,984

21,222

1934.

1935.

Grand Total

40,175

41,718

Average per month

3,318

3,476

:

Appendix F.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE ROYAL OBSERVATORY, HONG KONG, FOR THE YEAR 1935.

I.-GROUNDS, BUILDINGS AND INSTRUMENTS.

The Nakamura pluviograph was replaced on October 14th by an instrument of similar type constructed by Messrs. Casella & Co., Ltd.,

II. METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS.

2. Automatic records of the temperature of the air and evaporation were obtained with the resistance thermometers and thread recorder. Direction and velocity of the wind were recorded with Beckley and Dines-Baxendell anemographs, rainfall by Nakamura and Casella pluviographs, sunshine by a Campbell- Stokes universal recorder and barometric pressure by a Marvin barograph. Eye observations of barometric pressure, temperature and cloud were made hourly, and of the direction of cloud motion every three hours. Observations of pilot balloons were made with a Watts 1 inch prismatic theodolite at 9h. a.m. and 3h. p.m. when conditions were favourable.

3. The principal features of the weather in 1935 were:

(a) A deficiency of sunshine. The total duration of sunshine for the year was 1714 hours, which is 253 hours less than normal. In spite of the abnormally cloudy weather, rainfall was deficient, amounting to 71.82 inches against a normal of 85.16 inches.

(b) A spell of unusually cold weather at the end of September, when a minimum temperature of 65.2°F was reached. This is the lowest temperature ever recorded in September.

(c) The absence of typhoons seriously affecting the Colony. The maximum wind velocity recorded was 63 m.p.h. on October 7th, when a typhoon was passing about 140 miles to the south of Hong Kong on a W.N.W. track.

4. The tracks of 20 typhoons which occurred in the Far East in 1935 are given in a plate which will be included with the Meteorological Results for 1935, now in the press. The following table gives a summary of the meteorological data published monly in the Government Gazette during the year:-

{

Temperature.

Humidity.

Wind.

Cloud- Sun-

Rain.

Month.

iness. shine.

Absolute

Mean

Mean Absolute

Mean.

Rel.

Abs.

Direction. Velocity.

Max.

Max.

Min.

Min.

%

do

ins.

%

hrs.

ins.

m.p.h.

January

75.7

64.3

60.0

56.8

47.0

79 0.42

79

106.2

1.090

E/N

11.8

February

76.6

65.7 61.0

57.9

42.9

80 0.44

74

109.2

1.130

E

14.5

March

82.2

71.3 66.1

62.8

56.6 83 0.54

81

106.6

4.665 E

13.5 T

April

85.5

74.3 70.3

67.1

56.7

89 0.66

87

77.2

2.455

E

14.0

May

89.2

82.3 77.3

74.3

68.2

83 0.79

75

143.1

4.735 E

13.4

June

90.2

86.9

82.2

78.7

76.0

83 0.90

82

154.1

14.425 SSW

787

July

91.2

86.7

81.9

78.6

75.1

86 10.93

77

157.6

22.210 SE/S 10:0

August

92.7

87.6

82.1

78.2.

75.3

84 0.92

65

217.8

6.030 SW/W

7.2

September

89.4

83.1

78.4

74.7

65.2

82 0.80

71

153.4

7.370 ENE

12.4

October

89.0

82.0

· 77.7

74.8

70.0

83 0.79

68

184.9

5.815 E/N

13.7

November

84.2

75.9

71.2

67.8

54.4

77 0.60

63

173.9

0.355 ENE

13.6

December

78.0

65.1

60.4

56.3

46.7

76 0.41

67

.130.3 1.040 NE/E

8.6

Mean, Total or

Extreme

92.7

·77.1

72.4

** 69.0 42.9

82 0,68

741,714.3 71.320 E

11.7

- F 3

5. In the following table the monthly rainfall at the Observatory is compared with other records in the Colony.

Matilda

Botanical

Obser-

Police

Hospital

Gardens

Month.

vatory Station

(Mount

(Kowloon).

(Taipo). Kong).

(Houg

Kellet,

Fanling.

(Hong

Kong).

inches.

inches.

inches.

inches.

inches.

January,

1·090

1.83

1-37

1.26

1.49

February,

1.130

1.14

1.50

1.40

0.78

March,

4.665

5.04

5.12

5.15

4.36

April,

2.455

5.30

2.79

3.06

1.45

May,

4-735

6.89

5.39

3.63

4.70

June,

14-425

12.74

13.79

10.44

10.54

July,

22.210

29.90

23.27

23.39

23-58

August,

6.030

5.19

7.19

7.17

7.16

September,

7.370

7.92

8-69

9.26

5.57

October,

5.815

6.24

5.45

5.90

4.05

November,

0.355

1.18

0-49

0.15

0-51

December,

1-040

1.21

1.29

1·00

0.92

Year 1935

71.320

84.58

76.34

71.81

65.11

III.-PUBLICATIONS.

6. The following publications have been made during 1935:-

Magnetic Results, 1934.

Meteorological Results, 1934.

Meteorological Information for Aviation Purposes.

The following are in the press:-

Magnetic Results, 1935.

Meteorological Results, 1935.

A monthly abstract of meteorological observations is published in the Government Gazette and copies are supplied to any firm or individual requiring them, and a monthly seismo- logical bulletin is issued and distributed to other observatories.

7. A weather map of the Far East for 6 a.m. of 120th meridian time is constructed daily and forecasts are issued for the following districts:-

A. Shanghai to Turnabout.

D.

B. Turnabout to Hong Kong. E. C. Hong Kong and neighbourhood.

Hong Kong to Hainan. Northern China Sea.

The map, weather report and forecast are exhibited at the Hong Kong and Kowloon ferry piers, the Harbour Office, Telegraph offices and the General Post Office. The weather map may be purchased by the public at a subscription rate of $15 per annum. There were 32 subscribers in 1935. A weather map for 2 p.m. is also prepared, but is not published. Morning and afternoon weather reports and forecasts, together with observa- tions made at 10h. a.m. and 4h. p.m., are published in the local press.:

- F. 4.-

IV. WEATHER TELEGRAMS, FORECASTS AND STORM WARNINGS.

8. The Telegraph Companies continue to transmit twice daily, free of charge, meteorological observations from Vladi- vostock, Japan, Shanghai, Formosa, Indo China and the Philippines. Meteorological broadcasts by radio and the direct radio services of Sicawei and Pratas Island are extremely valuable. Extra observations at half cable rate are also obtain- able from a number of stations by courtesy of the Telegraph Companies:

9. Weather Telegrams from ships by Radio: The following table gives the monthly number of ships from which radio meteorological messages have been received and the number of messages received (each arrival and departure is counted separately).

British (including

H.M. Ships).

H.M. Ships

Bin Port.

Other National-

ities.

Total.

`Month.

January,

161

277

9

164

February,

113

164

8

.114

March,

153

246

10

.123

April, ....

123

174

15

123

May,

158

243

13

132

June,

112

172

7.

.125

July,

170 291

8 150 84

August,

135 211

13 147. 77

September,

181

305

12 122

∞

& 27 & 8 8 8 8 8

22

No. of ships.

No. of messages.

No. of

ships.

messages.

No. of

No. of ships,

No. of messages.

No. of ships

No. of messages.

96

155

266

596

58

92. 179

370

88

139

251

518

·79

190

376

.60

94

231

469

73

168

370

148

262

589

121

225

479

85

.147

278

574

October,

November,

174 284

14 132

81

143

269

559

158

249

11 146

85 143

254

538

}

December

157 248

8

124

120 185

285

557

1935,

1795. 2864

123

1612

935 1519

2858 5995

1934, 1851 3117

129

1652

892 1551

2872 6320

Totals

1933,

1341 2247

159

1826 688 1193

2188 5266

1932,

1534 2692

192 2704

831 1405

2557 6801

F5

10. Weather forecasts, storm warnings and time signals are distributed by radio telegraphy as detailed in the Notice to Mariners issued by this Department. Storm warnings to Hong Kong and vicinity are also given by means of the Local and Non-local Signal Codes. A telegraphic adaption of the Non-local Code is used for issuing warnings by cable to places outside the Colony.

11. Local signals, day and night, have been hoisted during the past 5 years according to the following table.

Warning Signal.

Signals 2-9

Number of hours displayed.

Signal No. 10 Bombs.

Number of times fired.

Year.

Number of

times.

Number of hours displayed.

Number of times.

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

93

888

Co

101

.5...

104

62

6

75

177

1

30

86

60

1

V. METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FROM SHIPS,

TREATY PORTS, ETC:

12. In addition to meteorological registers kept at about 40 stations in China, meteorological logs were received from 129 ships operating in the Far East. These logs, representing 7,719 days' observations have been used for amplifying the weather maps and verifying typhoon tracks. The corresponding figures for 1934 were 126 and 6,166.

VI. MAGNETIC OBSERVATIONS.

13. The Magnetic Station at Au Tau has been kept in action throughout the year, and the results of the observations are now in the press.

F 6

VII.-TIME SERVICE.

14. Clocks Cottingham and Mercer 507 (Sidereal) and Leroy 1350 were in use throughout the year. The necessary astronomical observations for the determination of the error of the former were obtained each evening (weather permitting) by the local staff. Observations of the radio time signals emitted by Nauen at 8h. a.m. have been made daily whenever possible during the year and utilised for clock regulations.

15. Time Signals were given throughout the year by radio from 9.55 to 10 a.m. each morning and 8.55 to 9 p.m. each evening. Dots of about 0.1 sec. duration were transmitted at each second except for periods marking the minutes and half minutes. The evening programme was duplicated by 3 white lights (vertical) on the radio mast, the lights being extinguished each second in accordance with the radio programme.

Hourly signals were sent to the General Post Office, Radio Studio, Railway, the associated Telegraph Companies and the Telephone Company.

The errors of the time signals have been published monthly in the Government Gazette.

IX.-MISCELLANEOUS.

16. Seismographs. The seismographs have been kept in good order throughout the year: 475 earthquakes were recorded, compared with 353 in 1934. The seismograms have been forwarded to the International Seismological Committee, Oxford.

17. Upper Air Research. Observations of 419 pilot balloons were made during the year. Details of the flights will be included in Meteorological Results for 1935.

18. Lithography. Lithographic work for other departments was undertaken as follows:-

Electrical Dept.

Radio Forms

1,000

Colonial Secretariat Map of Hong Kong

1,000

Transportation Map

500

Armistice Day Celebration plan

120

Medical Dept.

Shing Mun map

550

Weight cards

4,000

Railway Dept.

Transportation Map

500

Public Works Dept.

Shing Mun Map

250

F 7

19. The Director was on leave of absence from January 26th to November 14th, during which time he attended a meeting of the International Committee for Maritime Meteorology at Utrecht from July 16th to 19th, the Conference of Empire Meteorologists in London from August 12th to 21st, and the International Conference of Directors of Meteorological Services in Warsaw and meetings of various International Meteorological Commissions from September 1st to 12th. He also investigated the working of the British meteorological services for the assist- ance of aviation as far as was possible during the limited time at his disposal.

20. Expenditure. The annual expenditure on the Observa- tory for the past 10 years has been as follows:

Year

Personal Emoluments

& Other Expenditure Expenditure Charges.

Special

Total

Total Revenue

$ c.

$ c.

$ c.

$.c.

1926

42,566.51

12,341.74

54,908.39

34.20

1927 47,253.17

145.24

47,398.41

30.50

1928

47,292.33

272.70

47,565.03

506.10

1929 48,282.63

48,282.63

530.50

1930 68,696.59

1,670.07

70,366.66

506.80

1931 76,037.81

76,037.81-

735.00

1932

69,518.23

69,518.23

598.00

1933 63,165.42

63,165.42

600.00

1934

59,327.62

1,259.57

60,587.19

529.00

1935 56,333.76

56,333.76

488.00

21. In the following table the expenditure and revenue for

1934 is compared with that for 1935.

-F-

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE, 1934 & 1935.

Personal Emoluments.

1934

$ C. 53,144.17 .50,988.12

1935

C.

Other Charges.

Electric Light and Power

1,077.63.

862.11

Gas

125.45

64.56

Incidental Expenses

39.86

244.97

Maintenance of Instruments and Plant...

1,749.80

1,511.72

Postage

137.32

117.27

Meteorological Telegrams

345.83

Printing

2.274.50

2,259.68

Subscription towards cost of printing

International Upper Air observations.

134.74

Subscription to International ` Meteoro-

logical Organisation

50.79

Transport

157.30

121.01

Uniforms

141.02

113.53

Total Other Charges

6,183.45

5,345.64

Special Expenditure.

New Instruments

1,259.57

Total Royal Observatory

60,587.19 56,333.76

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE,

1934 & 1935.

1934

1935

Fees of Court or Office, Sale of Publications

$ c.

529.00

$ c.

488.00

22. Acknowledgments are here made to the Directors of the Weather Services of the Far East, the Chinese Maritime Customs, and the Commanders of all ships for the observations forwarded during the year, to the Telegraph Companies for continuing to forward observations free or at reduced rates, to all institutions and individuals who have contributed to the Library, and to the Observatory staff for the efficient performance of their duties, especially Mr. B. D. Evans who acted as Director, and Mr. G. S. P. Heywood who acted as Assistant Director during my absence on leave.

20th February, 1936.

C. W. JEFFRIES,

Director.

Appendix G.

REPORT OF THE REGISTRAR OF THE SUPREME COURT, OFFICIAL TRUSTEE, OFFICIAL ADMINISTRATOR AND REGISTRAR OF COMPANIES FOR THE YEAR 1935.

i

і

ORIGINAL JURISDICTION.

1. 353 actions were instituted in this division of the Court during the year 1935 as against 417 in 1934, 181 were disposed of during the year and 62 were discontinued or settled or with- drawn before trial, as against 191 and 77 respectively in 1934.

2. The claims amounted to $2,530,454.40 as against $3,594,726.57 in 1934.

3. The debts and damages recovered amounted to $1,359,593.34 as against $2,772,364.05 in 1934.

4. The fees collected amounted to $19,627.25 as against $24,732.75 in 1934.

SUMMARY JURISDICTION.

5. 2,126 actions were instituted during the year, as against 2,781 in 1934.

6. The cases were disposed of as follows:-Settled or with- drawn 524, Judgment for the plaintiff 1,060, Judgment for the defendant 31, Nonsuit 0, struck off, dismissed or lapsed 60, and pending 451, as against 548, 1,502, 52, 1, 62 and 616 respectively in 1934.

to

7. The claims amounted $803,259.81 as against $312,468.71 in 1934 and the amounts recovered were $303,967.00 as against $477,427.98 in 1934.

8. The number of rent distress warrants issued was 2,359 representing unpaid rents amounting to $422,557.18 of which $80,361.91 was recovered by enforced sales under 1,082 warrants, as against 2,431, $517,225.03 and $80,971.39 respectively in 1934.

2

9. 1,221 warrants were withdrawn on settlement between the parties, as against 1,431 in 1934 and the remaining warrants were cancelled or otherwise disposed of.

10. The fees collected amounted to $31,382.50 as against $35,918.00 in 1934.

G 2

SUITORS' FUNDS.

11. During the year $418,248.04 was paid into Court and $476,503.43 was paid out.

CRIMINAL JURISDICTION.

12. There were 129 cases and 160 persons committed for trial at the criminal sessions, as against 117 and 135 respectively in 1934.

13. Of the 160 persons indicted 122 were convicted, 18 were acquitted, 17 were not proceeded against, 2 were bound over, and in 1 case the jury were unable to agree. In 1934, the figures were respectively: 135, 98, 26, and 11, no person being bound over and in no case were the jury unable to agree.

In one

14. 2 criminal appeals were lodged during the year. case the conviction was quashed, and in the other case the sentence of four years imprisonment with hard labour, was reduced to one of three years imprisonment with hard labour.

APPELLATE JURISDICTION.

15. 15 appeals, of which 6 were appeals from the Police Magistrates, were lodged during the year.

16. 7 were dismissed, 3 were allowed, 3 were settled and 2 are pending:

ADMIRALTY JURISDICTION.

17. 10 actions were instituted during the year.

18. 6 were settled, 3 are pending and judgment was given in one case.

19. The fees collected amount to $1,336.50 as against $678.30 in 1934:

PROBATE JURISDICTION.

20. 371 grants were made by the Court, viz:-

Probate

Letters of Administration

154

217

371

55 grants by other Courts were sealed, making an aggregate

of 426 grants dealt with, compared to 442 in 1934.

G. 3

21. Court fees amounted to $26,828.40 and Official Administrator's commission to $1,207.70. The figures in 1934. were $29,309.90 and $12,921.63, respectively.

22. During the year there were 114 deceased estates accounts on the Court books. The cash balance in the Official.. Administrator's Account was $7,481.66.

23. 55 accounts were closed during the year and 30 new accounts were opened. No estate was transferred to trust

account.

DIVORCE JURISDICTION.

24. 5 petitions were filed during the year, 2 decrees absolute, and 1 decree nisi being made, and 2 are pending. No petition was filed in 1934.

25. The fees collected amounted to $236.20 as against $177.00 in 1934.

OFFICIAL TRUSTS.

26. The number of trust estates in the hands of the Official Trustee at the end of the year was 17. The invested funds totalled $126,872.18 and £1,850.0.0 and the cash balance was $6,399.95. 3 trusts were wound up during the year, and no new trusts were opened.

:

27. The amount of commission collected was $97.18 as against $125.59 in 1934.

During the year the Belilios Star in silver was awarded to one person, in bronze to six persons, one bar was engraved, and 29 monetary awards were made for gallantry in saving persons from drowning. One Belilios star in bronze was awarded for rescue on land.

REGISTRAR OF COMPANIES.

28. On the 31st December there were 713 companies on the Hong Kong register, of which 74 were in course of liquidation. 200 companies incorporated outside the Colony and not on the Hong Kong Register have registered the requisite documents specified in Part XI of the Companies Ordinance, 1932.

29. During the year 59 new companies were put on the register and 68 companies were struck off. No companies were transferred from the Hong Kong to the Shanghai register.

30. The fees collected in respect of "China" companies amounted to $201,576.17 and those in respect of other companies to $19,273.20. The fees for licences to keep local registers amounted to $1,627.83.

G 4

31. No firm was registered under the Chinese Partnerships Ordinance, 1911, and no firm was registered under the Limited Partnerships Ordinance, 1912.

32. Deposits, (other than cash) on the 31st December made by Insurance Companies under the Fire and Marine Insurance Companies Deposit Ordinance; 1917, amounted to $2,504,500.00 and Cash Deposits $1,505,000.00.

33. Deposits (other than cash) on the 31st December made by Insurance Companies under the Life Insurance Companies Ordinance, 1907, amounted to $965,000.00 and Cash Deposits $208,304.57.

34. The work on the Companies Registry during the past six years is shown in Table II appended to this report.

BILLS OF SALE.

35. The number of Bills of Sale registered during the year was 54 as against 48 in 1934.

REVENUE.

(FEES, COMMISSION ETC.)

36. The total sum collected during the year by way of fees and commission amounted to $359,495.09 as against $343,885.68 in the previous year.

PERSONNEL.

37. The Honour of Knight Bachelor was conferred on His Honour Sir Atholl MacGregor, Kt., Chief Justice, on the 3rd June, 1935, and he proceeded on leave on 14th December, 1935, His Honour Mr. Justice Lindsell, P'uisne Judge, being appointed to act as Chief Justice from that date. His Honour Mr. Justice Hayden (Official Receiver) was appointed a Puisne Judge with effect from 14th December, 1935.

38. Mr. E. P. H. Lang was appointed Registrar of the Supreme Court, Registrar of Companies, Official Administrator, and Official Trustee with effect from 11th October, 1935, upon Mr. Hazlerigg's appointment as Crown Solicitor.

39. Mr. L. R. Andrewes was apointed a Deputy Registrar of the Supreme Court and Deputy Registrar of Companies with. effect from 11th October, 1935.

E. P. H. LANG, Registrar, Supreme Court, Official Trustee, Official Administrator,

Registrar of Companies.

11th March, 1936.

G 5

Table I.

Table showing total number of cases dealt with by the Supreme Court and the expenditure and revenue of the Supreme Court and the Companies Registry 1924-1935.

Total number

of cases dealt

Year.

with (exclusive of distraints).

Expenditure.

* Revenue.

$

C.

1924

1,549

136,136.99

$

C.

89,624.99

1925

1,908

150,698.14

121,606.20

1926

3,416

133,680.40

117,252.61

1927

2,267

141,493.29

96,254.96

1928

2,330

165,114.93

101,624.20

1929

2,303

167,632.95

102,876.25

1930

2,016

218,933.24

95,560.75

1931

2,113

240,030.30

97,773.74

1932

3,095

231,828.63

155,461.92

1933

3,315

244,996.00

170,422.62

1934

3,209

249,032.71

164,026.32

1935

2,489

192,180.67

156,291.09

*Not including amounts paid for fees in respect of licences to keep local registers and China Companies fees in 1935 $203,204.00

Table II.

Table showing the work of the Companies Registry 1930-1935.

Number of

Number of

Year.

companies on the Hong Kong Register.

new companies

Amount of

registered during fees collected.

the year.

C.

1930

572

63

17,472.60

1931

621

81

20,233,20

1932

674

84

21,958.00

1933

722

94

25,298.20

1934

722

66

19,813.00

1935

713

59

19,273.20

Appendix G (1).

REPORT OF THE OFFICIAL RECEIVER AND REGISTRAR OF TRADE MARKS AND PATENTS FOR THE YEAR 1935.

BANKRUPTCY

AND

COMPANIES WINDING-UP.

New Business.

Fourteen petitions in bankruptcy were presented during the year, seven by creditors and seven by debtors, as against a total of twenty-three petitions in the previous year.

2. In companies winding-up, eight petitions were filed. Of these one was dismissed, one lapsed owing to failure to comply with statutory requirements, in five cases compulsory winding-up orders were made, and one petition is still outstanding.

In the previous year nine petitions were filed, of which two were dismissed, and two withdrawn. In the remaining five cases compulsory orders were made.

3. The total assets collected amounted to $363,743.32. The liabilities as estimated by the debtors, amounted to $1,526,990.63. These figures, which include both bankruptcies and companies liquidations, show a very substantial increase in assets collected, and a considerable decrease in the estimated value of the liabilities, on comparison with the figures for the year 1934. A table of comparison appears overleaf. The substantial increase in assets collected is mainly accounted for by the fact that some $180,000 has been accumulated in the liquidation of the American Oriental Finance Corporation. Debtors' estimates of liabilities are always only approximate, and frequently totally unreliable.

4. Four salaried employees filed petitions in bankruptcy during the year under review as compared with one in the year 1934. Failures included two Chinese rubber shoe factories, one dispensary, one hardware firm, one manufactured goods firm, one import and export firm, one restaurant, one timber firm, one hotel, and one member of the Stock Exchange. A greater number of business failures occurred in the year 1934, and the inference may be drawn that the industrial and commercial depression referred to in the Department's Report for that year tended to become less severe in the year now under review.

နှမ်း

G. (1) 2-

... Fees. l.

5. The sums received for the Official Receiver's commission, and for possession fees, amounted to $31,464.22, showing an increase of $2,101.82 over the previous year, notwithstanding that a smaller number of petitions in bankruptcy were filed. The assets of the estates in which dividends were distributed were greater than in the year 1934.

Discharges.

6. Five discharges were granted during the year, three absolute, one subject to suspension for three months, and one to suspension for four months. No applications for discharge were refused.

General.

7. During the year under review dividends were paid in twenty seven cases, at the end of the year steps had already been taken towards the payment of dividends in six further cases, and eight cases were ripe for initial steps. In only three of these forty one cases, was the petition filed in the year 1935. In addition there were at least seventeen cases in which debtors should have applied for their discharge, and at least thirty three cases in which trustees should have applied for their release. In the majority of such cases, discharge or release might have been applied for before the year 1935. Some headway has been made in attacking the problem of undistributed dividends, and it is hoped to achieve some reduction in other arrears during the year

1936.

8. In twelve cases in bankruptcy, bankrupt salaried employees pay instalments and it is customary to pay dividends on account as soon as the assets are sufficient to pay ten per cent.

COMPANIES LIQUIDATION.

BANKRUPTCY.

1935 8

5

1934 9 5 23

ཁ་ཆ

14 7

19 4 18

==

7 11 5 9

0

2

2

9- 16

بش

I

10

5

4

•

•

?

Year.

Discharges.

granted.

Receiving Orders rescinded.

Adjudication Annulled.

Assets

for dis- tribution.

G (1) 3

Estimated Liabilities.

Fees in Stamps.

Official Receiver's

Com-

mission.

Possession Fees.

Unclaimed Balances transferred

to

General Revenue.

$

C.

C.

C.

c. $

C.

1935

ம்.

5

2

0 363,742.32 1,536,990.63

4,471.60 28,530.22 2,934|

48,885.82

1934

3

2

4 145,539.24 2,786,700.10| 4,142.30 27,480.40 1,882|

2,931.78

REGISTRATION OF TRADE MARKS.

Revenue.

9. The revenue derived from the registration of trade marks amounted to $17,527.00 as against $20,334 in the previous year. This decrease is accounted for by the fact that renewal of registration of a number of marks of which the registration period (14 years) expired during the year under review, was not applied for. There was also a decrease in the number of assign- ments of trade marks, and in the number of searches made in the Registry. On the other hand there was a marked increase in the number of fresh applications for registration, and in the number of first certificates granted, so that it cannot be said that the figures for the year as a whole are indicative of undue depression.

Opposed Registration.

10. Two applications for registration were opposed during the In one case the application for registration was withdrawn, and in the other case the opposition was withdrawn.

year.

Year.

Total No. of Total No. of

applications Registration

for

certificates

Total No. of

Total No. of

Total amount of

fees.

Registration. granted. Renewals assign-

ments.

1935

415

335

188

161

$17,527.00

1934

320

259

356

170

$20,334.00

- G. (1) 4

REGISTRATION OF LETTERS PATENT.

11. The revenue derived from this source amounted to $183.00 as against $159.00 during the previous year. The small increase is due to the fact that although the number of certificates actually granted was less by one than in 1934, the number of applications received during the year was greater.

Year.

Number of Registration Search fees.

patents.

fees.

Total fees.

1935

16

$180.00

$ 3.00

$ 183.00

1934

17

$150.00

$ 9.00

$ 159.00

TOTAL REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.

12. The following are totals of revenue and expenditure for the department for the years 1934 and 1935 respectively, (includ- ing officers in the Junior Clerical Service):

1934

1935

Revenue.

Expenditure.

$52,787.18

$24,805.51

$98,060.04

$22,117.83

This shows a net profit of $75,942.21 for the year under review as against $27,981.67 for the year 1934, being a net increase of $47,960.54. This increase is mainly accounted for by the unusually large sum of $29,885.82 transferred to Revenue as unclaimed balances, and by the transfer to Revenue of $19,000 from the Interest and Office Expenses Account. The money to credit in this latter account is derived from interest earned at the Bank: So far as possible, such interest is 'dis- tributed to creditors at the rate earned, in proportion to their claims, concurrently with the distribution of assets. The balance is transferred periodically to Revenue, retaining in hand a sum sufficient to meet pending claims.

Hong Kong, 5th February, 1936.

W. J. LOCKHART-SMITH, Official Receiver and Registrar

of Trade Marks & Patents.

i

Appendix H.

REPORT OF THE HONG KONG AND KOWLOON

MAGISTRACIES FOR THE YEAR 1935.

1.

HONG KONG.

Mr. W. Schofield acted as First Police Magistrate and Coroner from the 1st January to the end of the year.

Mr. E. I. Wynne-Jones acted as Second Police Magistrate and Coroner from the 1st January to 24th March.

Mr. Q. A. A. Macfadyen acted as Second Police Magistrate and Coroner from 25th March to the end of the year.

Mr. W. M. Thomson acted as First Clerk and Magistrate from the 1st January to 7th May.

Mr. S. F. Balfour acted as First Clerk and Magistrate from 18th May to the end of the year.

The number of cases was 34,425 as compared with 32,597 in 1934.

KOWLOON.

2. Mr. E. W. Hamilton acted as Police Magistrate and Coroner from the 1st January to 15th February; Mr. A. W. G. H. Grantham from 16th February to 24th March; Mr. E. I. Wynne-Jones from 25th March to the end of the year.

Mr. Q. A. A. Macfadyen acted as First Clerk and Magistrate from 1st January to 24th March; Mr. J. H. B. Lee from 25th March to 7th May; Mr. W. M. Thomson from 8th May to 25th November; Mr. K. Keen from 26th November to the end of the year.

The number of cases was 22,302 as compared with 21,220 in 1934.

GENERAL.

3. Table I shows the expenditure of the two Magistracies for the years 1934 and 1935, including the cost of all officers in the departments who belong to the Cadet, Senior Clerical and Accounting, and Junior Clerical Services.

4. Table II shows the collections of the two Magistracies for the same year.

*

-

H 2-

,

5. Table III shows their revenue and expenditure for the last ten years in comparative form.

6. Table IV gives an abstract of Cases under cognizance of the Magistrates' Courts during the years 1934 and 1935 in comparative form. The number of offenders previously con- victed who were sentenced during the year is shown and the number of offenders who were placed under Police Supervision in addition to their sentences is given. Orders made for con- fiscation of unmanifested cargo, etc. are also shown.

7. Table V is an analysis of the "convicted and sentenced column in table IV, showing the penalties inflicted under each of the seven main heads of crime in that table. The number of offenders previously bound over whose bonds have been enforced on committing a breach of the conditions of the bonds is also shown.

8. Table VI is a return of boy juvenile offenders brought before the Hong Kong and Kowloon Magistrates' Courts during the year 1934 and 1935 giving their ages, the offences committed by them and the sentences imposed.

9.

Table VII is a return of girl juvenile offenders, giving information similar to that in table VI.

10. Table VIII gives the number of writs issued from the two Magistracies during the years 1934 and 1935.

11. Table IX is an abstract of all cases brought before the Hong Kong and Kowloon Magistrates' Courts during the last ten years.

12. Table X shows the work done by the Magistrates sitting as Coroners.

13. A new column is added to tables IV, VI, VII and IX to show the number of bonds enforced during the year.

14. Proceedings were taken under the Extradition Acts against nine persons for crimes committed outside the Colony. Of these, three were committed to prison to await the Order of H.E. the Governor and the others were discharged.

15. Summonses under the Married Women (Desertion) Or- dinance, 1905, in Hong Kong numbered four as against four in 1934. Orders were made in two of them. In Kowloon these summonses numbered five as against four in 1934. In three of them orders were made.

ཐ

H 3

-

16. The tables show a very heavy decline in almost every item of revenue, totalling $65,000 in Hong Kong and $19,000 in Kowloon. As against this, exchange fluctuations and various economies made possible a reduction of expenditure of $18,000 in Hong Kong. Collection of fines inflicted for obstructions and breach of traffic regulations proved unusually difficult.

17. In table IV the following subheads show increases of significance: simple larceny, currency offences, dangerous drug offences, returning from banishment, and street hawkers' offences, the last of which almost doubled in number: decreases are shown in opium offences, brothel-keeping and procuration, gambling, obstruction, dangerous driving, and offences in re- lation to dogs. In Kowloon, obstruction and dangerous driving show increases, and hawker offences show only a small increase.

18. 1935 was the first year in which remand homes for both boys and girls were in full operation. The opening of the Aberdeen Industrial School in April helped to fill a serious gap in the machinery for dealing with juveniles, and so far the results shown have been almost uniformly good. While Kowloon had a very large increase of juvenile offenders, chiefly hawkers, Hong Kong's increase was insignificant, although one penalty, caning in court, was inflicted in only 12 cases.

19. Very good work throughout the year was done by the probation officers attached to the courts, who investigated personally and reported on almost every juvenile case, besides following up cases of juveniles bound over and on probation.

8th April, 1936.

W. SCHOFIELD, First Police Magistrate.

1

H 4

Table I.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1934 AND 1935.

HONG KONG,

1934. $77,020.00

1935. $59,365.00

Personal Emoluments

OTHER CHARGES.

Electric Fans and Light

234.00

177.00

Fees for Interpretation

206.00

86.00

Incidental Expenses

360.00

337.00

Transport

229.00

253.00

Uniform for Messengers

102.00

79.00

SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.

Law Books

64.00

51.00

Total

$78,215.00

$60,348.00

KOWLOON.

Personal Emoluments (1)

1934. $37,779.00

1935. $36,801.00

OTHER CHARGES.

Electric Fans and Lights

408.00

396.00

Fees for Interpretation

87.00

62.00

Incidental Expenses

390.00

448.00

Uniform for Messengers

82.00

64.00

SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.

Law Books

Total

$38,746.00

717.00

$38,488.00

(1) Includes officers of Cadet, S.C. & A., and J. C. Services.

+

E

H

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF COLLECTIONS, 1934 and 1935.

HONG KONG,

1934.

1935.

Fines

$106,787.00

$74,320.00

Fees

251.00

261.00

Forfeitures

32,172.00

10,185.00

Liquor (Temporary permit)

70.00

Arms forfeitures

100.00

Poor Box

814.00

638.00

Arms Fine Fund

1,132.00

50.00

Revenue Reward Fund

20,324.00

11,076.00

Total

.$161,580.00

$96,600.00

Fines

Fees

Forfeitures

KOWLOON.

1934.

1935.

$57,272.00

$43,313:00

86.00

70.00

5,809.00

4,980.00

652.00

406.00

879.00

916.00

7,648.00

3,767.00

Total

$72,346.00 $53,452.00

Poor Box

Arms Fine Fund

Revenue Reward Fund

:

H 6

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE

Year.

Personal

Emoluments

FOR LAST TEN YEARS.

HONG KONG.

Special

Total

Total

and other Expenditure. Expenditure. Revenue.

charges.

1926

$38,623.00

...

$38,623.00

$194,264.00

1927

41,841.00

41,841.00

185,978.00

1928 41,090.00

41,090.00

113,305.00

1929

43,508.00

43,508.00

95,333.00

1930

70,168.00

70,168.00

86,738.00

1931

70,000.00

70,000.00 136,913.00

1932

73,453.00

73,453.00

109,300.00

1933

69,259.00

115.00

69,374.00

126,559.00

1934

78,151.00

64.00

78,215.00

139,210.00

1935

60,297.00

51.00

60,348.00

84,837.00

KOWLOON,

1926

1927

Figures not available.

1928

1929

1930

$21,223.00

:

$21,223.00 $61,687.00

1931

40,698.00

40,698.00 74,027.00

1932

38,067.00

38,067.00 65,175.00

1933

32,405.00

32,405.00 75,592.00

1934

38,746.00

38,746.00

63,168.00

1935

37,772.00

717.00

38,489.00

48,363.00

Classification of Offences.

Total No. of Total No. of

charges.

Defts.

Convicted and sentenced.

ABSTRACT O

Disch.

M.

F.

Total.

M.

OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.

(a)—Against their property.

1. Larceny: Simple

1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935

1934 1935 1934 1935

1934

863 1,263

879 1,292

706 925

15

10

:

721 : 935

73

80

3

Stealing from the person

187

244

193

250

168 211

ཨ

2

168 213

19

30

Embezzlement and fraudulent conversion

32

30

32

31

16

18

16

18

13

Robbery

16

6

20

7

1

1

Piracy

1

3

Burglary and house breaking

100

118

106

123

94

110

98

113

7

Demanding with menaces

6

10

9

12

9

5

9

3

False pretences and cheating

116

47

107

51

72

42

4

76

43

12

3

Receiving and possession of stolen goods

560

606

594

294

212

54

348

221

206 230

28

*Larceny by servant

*

64

64

2. Arson

1 *

48

48

3. Malicius damage

10

12

18

15

4

7

4. Forgery

42

34

42

39

25

5. Other offences

119

60

126

61

86

47

NN

+383

49

Co

1426

17

6

(b)-Against their persons.

1. Murder

2. Manslaughter

6

10

10

26

|ཀྟྭཱཧྨ ཿ

19

26

20

28

12

12

223

218

265

259

123

99

13

9

2

8

21

31

24

1

28029

15146

45

20

12

127

104

1:

21

|g ༠ ཿ ུ

13

9

6

15

492

15

10

37

17

∞ co

111

10

28

1

87

22

5246

30

89 22

829

18

1

69 76 90 10

97

10

50 7

8288

19

87

5282

*

*

∞

1

56

2

58

21

9

3

2.1451,1792,186 1,220 1,820 1,003 124 231 145 241 112 182

244

137 2,064 1,140

98

42

18

15

23 127 205

13

25

1

t

522 + 527 t 374 327 148 338 148 285

+

109 + 483

19

87

11

296

87

39

61

1

5,038 5,066 5,280 5.2953,903 3,597

3924,295 4,295 3,921

625

628

78

3. Ill-treatment and grievous harm

4. Common assault

5. Kidnapping

6. Sexual offences

7. Other offences

OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.

(a)—Against the Crown and Govt.

1. Passport and aliens registration offences

2. Weights and measures offences

3. Currency offences

4. Sedition and intimidation

5. Unlawful societies

6. Trespass and damage on Crown Land

7. Misconduct by Government officers

8. Opium offences

9. Dangerous drug offences

10. Tobacco and Liquor offences

11. Other offences

Carried forward

* Figures not available.

+ Lumped in figures under "Opium and Revenue offences.**

· H 7-

Table IV.

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS DURING THE YEAR:

HONG KONG.

Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants under each Head.

Discharged.

54 121

Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.

Committed to prison or detained pending orders of H.E. the Governor.

Bound over without further penalty.

To keep the peace and be of good behaviour,

To come up for judgment.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935

1934 1935 1934 1935

tal.

M.

F.

Total.

M.

F.

1935

1934

1935 1934 1935 1934 1935

1934

1935

1934

ཙྪ།།ཊྛ།

935

73

80

213

19

30

18

..........

3

2

76

82

19

30

13

13

3

10

113

3

43

12

14

ww

3

3

221

206

230

28

11

234

241

48

*

1

7

14

6

12

17

49

16

676

1427

17

67

CO Q

....

*

4&

10

—

7

15

13

104

| |g༠

15

15

1

4 49:

2

co co

10

10

87

22

28

628

∞ 1

58

21

1

ਦਾ ਪਰ

5

38

....

Co

51

15

2

9

11

1

5

28

3

13

5

116

14

+

40

40

703

6

៩៩៨ ៖

668

38

3

1,140

98

42

18

205

13

25

1

483 t

19

j

87

39

61

3,921 625

628

1883

78

S."

........

2

41

~

22 152

1

2 2

2

co

1

8

18

*

1

සතීය

2

13

4

68

101

12

10

1

3:

...

..

.........

..........

22

11

16

626

15

..

00

412

+

}

1

105 373

16

32

108

220

12

32

|

YEARS 1934 AND 1935.

!ead.

>r

F.

Imprisoned till Court rises.

Under Police supervision.

Previous convicted.

Bonds enforced.

Order made.

M.

F.

M.

:

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

:

1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934

1935 1934 1235

1934

1935 1934 1935

1934

1935 1934 1935

:

2

10:

43

26

98

༈ཨ

5:

15

13

36

15

.......

1-

...........

10

.............

.......

3

10

1

32

3

22

2

10

...........

......

3

32

35

116 215

4

ļ

39

}

***

......

:

Classification of Offences.

Total No. of Total No. of

charges.

Defts.

Convicted and sentenced.

Brought forward

(d)-Against Public Justice.

1. Escape and breach of prison

2. Returning from banishment

3. Perjury

4. Bribery

5. Other offences

(e)—Against the Public peace.

M.

F

Total.

M.

D'

1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935

11

5,038 5,066 5,280 5,295 3,903 3,597 392

324

4,295 3,921 625 628

1

1

1

189

415

189:

416:

160

365

ཨ

2

2

2:

21

18

67

52

182

21

18:

17:

16:

52:

14

45:

❤

M

......

1

14:

169: 379 10

14

2

19

8:

2

7

14:

45

2

1. Breach of the peace

2. Unlawful possession of arms

3. Other offences

226

193

474

405

216

89 42

44

25

47

26: 31

17:

21

29

21:

1

258

96 88

31

17

888∞

I

22:

1

(f)—Against trade.

1. Unmanifested cargo

107

2. Stowing awy

**

12

16

3. Trade Marks infringement

38

25

38

24:

22

12.

242

9

22

4. Employers and workmen offences

6

4

5. Food and drugs offences

10

3

10

3

2 ∞

6. Other offences

12

I

13

228

1

262

12

16

2

(7)—Against Public Morals and Police.

26

།།ཁ

a^

3

3. Lotteries and gambling

4. Offences against public health

5. Street hawkers offences

6. Obstruction

7. Offences with fire crackers

1. Begging and touting

314

358 348

364 254

213

28

25

すら

2. Brothels and procuration of women

548

355 558 355

228:

73

322

273

282 238 550

56

51

346

641 380 1,864

991 1.644

858

168

99

1,812

957 38

25

636 787 680 789 480: 6,676 12,693 6,742 12,713 3,551 7,733 5,621 3,237 5,643 3,250 4,403 2,774 719 605 721 607 603 485

662

90

41

570

906 3,012

256

115

1

3

7

4

7:

4:

7

2

703 92 63

4,457 10,745 1,255 1,071

4,659 2,889 882 347

604 488 117 118

7

2

3

2

5,420 5,144 887

445

240

76 242

77 212

74

212: 74

28

11. Vagrants

18

23

22

25

21

25

22

25:

962

465

962

465. 762 373

766

75

1

*

75 1

53

380 196

60

*

8. Drunkenness

9. Traffic offences of a technical nature 10. Dangerous driving of vehicles

12. Unlicensed and unmuzzled dogs

13. Mui Tsai offences of a technical nature 14. Il-treatment of Mni Tsai

15. Other offences

Total

6,325 5,597 6,320 5,595 5,417 5,142

2,902 2,226 2,822 2,212 1,867 1,689 282

76 2,149 1,765 604 348

31,156 32,827 33,015 33,839 23,82324,290 2,506 4,060 26,329 28,350 4,916 3,273

* Figures not available.

+ Lumped in figures under "Opin and Revenue offences.”

H 8-

Table IV,-Continued.

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS

HONG KONG,-Continued.

Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defende

1

'd.

Discharged.

Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.

Committed to prison or detained pending orders of H.E. the Governor.

Bound over without further penalty.

To keep the peace and be of good behaviour.

To come up for judgment.

Total.

M.

F.

Total.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

_934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934

1935

1934 1935 1934 1935

1934

1935 1534 1935

1,295 3,921 625 628 78

40

703

668 38

41

3

2

105 373

1934 1935 1934 1935 1934

16

1935 1934 19

32 108

220

12

169

379

10

14

10

14

10

22

2

19

2

2

14

45

2

7

2

38

7

258

31

8523

96

17

22:

**

220

88888

195

26

8000

90

12

16

26

16

642

.......

3

642

16

cr

282

238

56

51

8

12

64

63

550 346

1,812 957 38

25

11

3

49

28

570 703 92 63

18

9 110

72

4,457 10,745 1,2551,071

996

7772,251 1,848

4,659 2,889 882 347

102

14 984

361

604 488 117

118

117

118

7

2

5,420 5,144

887

445

895

445

212

74 28

3

28

3

22

25

766

380 196

81

*

* 60

14

44

196

85

15

101

**

* 1

2,149 1,765 604 348

28

19 632 367

26,329 28,350 4,916 3,273 1,255

902 6,171 4,175 55

66

...............

111

100

224

18

1

3

2

a

-

49

| |

16

200

18

5 2

∞

2

∞ ∞

W 1

48

2

18

20

......

3

3

55

41

24

232

671

52

109

161 365

12

(1) Confiscation of unmanifested cargo.

To pay cost.

URTS DURING THE YEARS 1934 AND 1935.

Defendants under each Head.

y.

ip for

ent.

:

Imprisoned till

Court rises.

Under Police supervision.

Previous convicted.

Bonds enforced.

Order made.

F.

M.

F

M.

12

984 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934

32

9

35

17

H

Q

10

2

8

38

117

878

3

86

2

17

3

12

90

167

89

12

36

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934

1935 1934 1935

| | |

1

1

---

116

215

113

18

1

6

من

2

6

147

103

32

6

11

1

N

*****

111

39

111

32

31

335 493

49

40

(4)16

118

(3) To pay wages.

(4) 2 to pay maintenance, 12 to redeem articles under Pawn Broker's Ord.

M.

(1)99

(2) (3) 2

.........

....

p

111

11 1

ABSTRACT OF CASES 1

Classification of Offences.

Total No. of Total No. of

charges.

Defts.

Convicted and sentenced.

Cases,

Discharg

OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.

(a)-Against their property.

1. Larceny and attempted larceny:

Simple Larceny

Stealing from the person

Robbery

M.

F.

Total.

M.

F.

1934 1935 1934 1935

1934 1935

1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 J

793 834 748 815

642 708

11

648 719

76

128 130

100

126

85

109

86 109

13

15

Embezzlement and fraudulent conversion

10

9

6

9

5

1

7

11

11

24

1

7

1

7

7

8550

2

Piracy

1

5

Burglary and house breaking

56

60

56

69

42

63

63

14

4

Demanding with menaces

1

12

False pretences and cheating

32

39

22

45

19

32

Receiving and possession of stolen goods

532

526

525

584

215

203

58

Larceny by servant

2. Arson

2

ཨདྨེg།།

12

32

2

242

.....

261

250

4. Forgery

3. Malicious damage

5. Other offences

(b)-Against their persons.

1. Murder

2. Manslaughter

8

12

149

12

4

3

........

7

3:

36

8

21

6

14

6

14

253

149

266

127

180

8

131

188

10

529

111 888

300

61

.....

f

3

1

3

4

3. Ill-treatment and grievous harm

13

14

14

15

7

11

4. Common assault

139

146

181

192

68

5. Kidnapping

20

9

22

3

6. Sexual offences

8

7

22

13

25

25

28000

}

3

1

CD

3

10

71

1

10

H

2

7

9

3-583

12

2

90

27

38

a

16

2

3

3

13

11

2

7. Other offences

OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.

(c)-Against the Crown and Govt.

1. Passport and aliens registration offences

2. Weights and measures offences

3. Currency offences

4. Sedition and intimidation

5. Unlawful societies

6. Trespass and damage on Crown Land

7. Misconduct by Government officers

8. Opium offences

9. Dangerous drugs and goods

10. Tobacco and Liquor offences

11. Other offences

Carried forward

།༐༅ །མྦྷ།

13

45

6

11

2 34

~

11

2

12

2.3

40

01

12

22

19

12

1

22

2

19

7

67

120

81

163

37

49

13

42

62

26

39

8

5

3

2

1

912

649

966

698

766

568

123

74

889

642

50

15

49

95

55

93

38

69

3

190

169

87

175 160 191 180 108 124

3,2163,380 3,205 3,594 2,203 2,353 227

38

He

41

78

11

14

1

62

149

}

14

15

146

139

19

30

w

2792,4302,632 532

696

62

* fig

+

-H9-

Table IV,-Continued.

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS DURING THE YEA

KOWLOON.

Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants under each Head.

:

and sentenced.

Discharged.

Con nitted for trial at the Supreme Court.

Committed to prison or detained pending orders of H.E. the Governor.

Bound over without further pe

To keep the peace and be of

good behaviour.

To co.

jud

F

Total.

M.

F.

Total.

M.

F.

M.

F

M.

F.

11

1935

1934 1935

1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935

1934 1935 1934

1935

1934 1935 1934

1935 1934 1935

1934 1935

1934

1935

:

11

648 719

:

86

109

13

6317

80

15

8552

7

3

83

83

8952

42

63

14

.....

2

12

20

32

8

58

242

261 :

250

300

11

10

ON

:

7

19

3

6

14

.....

8

131

188

..........

10

ONC

6

61

1

7

12

10

71

90

10

4

16

13

28073

27

N

9

11

CO 00

Է:

15

14

5

12

2

10

261

310

129

10

+6

66

cr s

3

1

41

11

11

5

1

12

19

14

2:

11

13

42

62

26

39

8

53

34

92

1

74

889

642

50

42

15

12

65

54

9

41

78

11

14

12

15

62

149

14

6

20

15 146 139

19

30:

22

37

2792,430 2,632 532

696

62: 104 594 800

11

48

*

figures included in 5 other offences (a)

+

"

not available.

.........

60

200

1

12

111

ग

..

68

62

18

12

14

E

CO LO

10

30

THE YEARS 1934 AND 1935,

ach Head.

Imprisoned till Court rises.

M.

Police Supervision.

Previous convicted.

Bonds enforced.

M

F.

M.

F

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

35: 1934

1935 1934 1935 1934

1935 1934 1935 1934 1935

1934 1935 1934

1935

1934 1935

1934

1935 1934 1935

thout further penalty

of

To come up for judgment.

10

cr

CR

5

с со

10

..

......

1

2

14

30

10

12

13

9

11

....

...

....

---...

107

160

25

28

cr

13

42

to co

3

5

61

........

22

23

3

2

1

18. 30

243 315

5

........

......

...

ľ

935

1

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISAN

Cases, how disposed of, and

Discharged.

Con

8

11

1

3

10

M.

F.

Total.

M.

F.

Total.

1934 1935

1934

1935

1934

1935

1934 1935

3,216 3,380 3,205 3,594 2,203 2,353

227

1934 1935 1934

279 2,430 2,632 532

1935

1934 1935

1934 1935 193

696

62 104 594 800

I

Offences.

Total No. of Total No. of E charges.

Defts.

Convicted and sentenced.

ard

blic Justice.

ì prison

1

1

1

shment

200

260:

200

262

175

226

11

186

231

8

1

2

1

18:

14

18

14:

17

9

1

10

1

50

139

54

150

43

109

10

31

48

140

1

1129

Public peace.

141

142

263

273: 87

of arms

37

37

37

35

31

34

33

36 27

ོབམི

120

27

223

15

93

135

17

26

27

20

28

27

28

746

22

2∞∞

trade.

11

53

ment

6

12:

nen offences

12

ices

48

52

34:

38

13

♡ -

1

5

20

27

1

7

258

856

1

11

100

11

151

orals and Police.

270

263

276

275

229 182

16

28

245

210 19

26

21

22

47

ion of women

463

441

445 467

360 425

88

13

418:

438

4

5

204 184

c health

228

621 641 220

571 575 570 182

32

24 603

599 31

21

36

22

እና

ckers

chnical nature

vehicles

zled dogs technical nature

'sai

1,601

810

428

806 7 3 7 3,055 2,548 2,842 2,506 2,419 2,207

92 112 91

100 81 21 14 36: 15: 945 379

911 43 999 1,598 1,019 1,276

428 3

.361 600

565 5,449 6,082 5,060 6,076 3,177 3,221 1,187 1,897 4,364 5,118 135 4,290 4,721 4,362 4,724 3,425 3,276 407 1,074 3,832 4,350 357

615 18 15

5

411

22 187

433

27

120

121

509

345

201

854

305

29

63

386 368

379 128

49

1

129

49

3

2

2

8

16 2,427 2,223

222

278

3

225

278

93

2:

83;

93

8

6

8

28

• 13

28

13

7

2

7

339

632

240

48:

41

680

23

281 187

31

51

00

8

195

58

86287

---

38

805:

.71

61 1,347

866 203 137

7

11 210

148

193

573 2,114 2,848

21,220 20,854 21,208 21,587 15,610 14,729 2,138 3,552 17,748 18,281 1,921 2,275

* figures included in 6 other offences (f) ́·

†

+3

""

""

11 (g)

H 10

Table IV, Continued.

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS DURING THE

KOWLOON,--Continued.

Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male and Female Adult Defendants under each H

Bound over without fi

Convicted and sentenced.

Discharged.

Committed for trial at the Supreme Court.

Committed to prison or detained pending orders of H.E. the Governor.

To keep the peace and be of

good behaviour.

F.

Total.

M.

F.

Total.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

_935

1934 1935

1934

2,353

227

1935 1934

279 2,430 2,632 532

1935

1934 1935 1934 1935

1934 1935

1934

1935

1934

1935 1934 1935

1934 1935

1934

1935

19

696

104 62

594

800

11

48

1

68

62

18

12

1

1

226

11

5

186

231

8

1

9:

1

17

10

1

109

31

48

140:

1

120

26

28

11 11

34

1129

}

1

8

15

93

135

17

27

26

27

28

446

22

2∞∞

6

1

1

11

| | | | |

11

38

9

-

10

256

20

11

CO -

20

27

7

2

2

8

CO

11

111

111

1 1 1 1 1 1

182

16

28

245 210

19

26

3

21

22

47

425

88

13

418

438

4

1

2

4

6

5

575

32

24

603

599 31

21

5

1

36

22

411

5

22

187 433

27

120

1

28 121

3,221 1,187 1,897 4,364 5,118

135

509

66 345

201 854

3,276

407 1,074 3,832 4,350

357

305

29

63

386 368

-361

15

18

615 379

128

49

129

49

3: 2,207

5

3

2

-

16 2,427 2,223

222

278

3

225

278

93

83

93

8

6

6

13:

28

13

7

2

2

240

48.

41 680 281

187

51

8

7

195

58

8.

23

31

www.com

7

7

805

71

61 1,347 866

203 137

7

11

210

148

14,729 2,138 3,552 17,748 18,281 1,921 2,275

193

5732,114 2,848

20

71

offences (f)

1

11111

1 11

124

72

18

11

1

a

28

www.

2

9

1

13

72

2

14

1

2

2

3

3

1

200

154

7 E

54

64

ING THE YEARS 1934 AND 1935.

ler each Head.

ver without further penalty.

Imprisoned till Court rises.

Police Supervision.

Previous convicted.

Bonds enforced.

and be of

ir.

To come up for judgment.

F.

M.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

T.

¡4

1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934

:

.8

12

14

30

1

18

30

1935 1934 1935 1934 1935

243 315

1934 1935 1934 1935

1934 1935

5

LO

5

1

.8 28

11

111 11

T

1 | |

10

111

1

111

| | |

111

1 1 1 1 1 1

111

| | |

111111

1 1 1 1 1 1

| | | | | │

131

1

{lg|

168

8

1

1

1

4

17

{

| | |

1

7

28

28

13

2

14

26

21 10

5

2

14

5

66

CO LO

37

278

5

8

159

899

89

305

70 101

சு8

90

65

1

3

2

-

54

64 14 119

11

49

5

T

→

2

1111

111

1 11

------

1

14

21

30

881

708

428 163

5

10

29

1

31

Return of Punishments awarded at Magistracy in respect.

Offences against Individuals.

Punishments.

Number of Persons Punished.

Description.

Against their Property.

Against th Persons.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

1934 1935 1934 1935

Fined

Imprisoned in default

Imprisoned without option

Imprisoned and birched

Expelled from the Colony

1934 1935 1934 1935

18,394 17,256 1,618 2,835 40

1934 1935 19:

18

34

2

989

66

25

4,012 5,146 8381,096 351 458

25

14

46

39

1,339 1,601

47 341,069 1,142

25

25

13

13

43

11

12

11

12

27

25

**** *********

-

Sentenced to house of Detention

Bound over to be of good behaviour

25

20

24

54

330

21

49

27 215

1

10

4

Bound over and fined

17

42

2

6

1

12

17

Bound over and ordered to pay compensation

1

13

3

1

9

Bound over, ordered to pay compensation, and fined

10

2

2

1

Bound over and imprisoned

12:

5

CR

Bound over to keep peace

178:

328;

31

60

2

1

1

68 93

Imprisoned until Court rises

t

167

89

t

Bound over to come up for judgment

161 365 12

90 102

209

8

17

2

6

Enforcement of bonds

40 +

6

35

Total

*

94

51

210

242:

*

24,216 25,326 2,570 4,259 1,602 2,061

Figures under "Enforcement of bonds" are excluded, as they have already been includ

Figures not available.

Punishments.

Description.

ed

>risoned in default

prisoned without option

risoned and birched

belled from the Colony

tenced to house of Detention

und over to be of good behaviour

und over and fined

und over and ordered to pay compensation

und over, ordered to pay compensation, and fined

und over and imprisoned

ound over to keep peace

prisoned until Court rises

ound over to come up for judgment

nforcement of bonds

Total

*

H 11

Table V.

HONG KONG,

Return of Punishments awarded at Magistracy in respect of Certain Classes of Offences à

Offences against Individuals.

Number of Persons Punished.

Against their

Property.

Against their Persons.

Against the Crown

and Government.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

1934

1935

1934

1935

1934 1935 1934

1935

1934 1935

1934

1934 1935 1935

1934

1935

18,394 17,256 1,618 2,835

40

18

34

2

66

115

25

26

3 716 302 120 88

4,012 5,146 838 1,096

351

458

25

14

46

39

10 1,534 1,474

159

187

1,339 1,601

47

341,069 1,142

25

13

13

43

1

3

15 33

2

11:

12

11

12

27

25

1

27

20

24

1

54

330

21

49

27

215

1

5

4

1

275

12424

32

2

16

17

42

2

6

1

12

17

1

1

13

3

1

9

10

2

1

12

5

178

328

31 60

1

1

68

93

12

10

t

167

t

89 t

1

161

365

12

90 102 209

17

2

T

14

4

15

8: 40

+

1

6

35

--comm

1

3

24,216 25,326 2,570 4,259 1,602 2,061

94

51

210

242

41

282,304 1,887

285

309

* Figures under "Enforcement of bonds" are excluded, as they have already been included in figures under "Fined" or "Impr

† Figures not available

Offences during the Years 1934 and 1935 Adults only.

Offences of a Public Nature.

e Crown rnment.

Against Public Justice.

Against the Public Peace.

Against Trade.

Against Public Morals and Police.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935

1934

1935 1934 1935

1934 1935 1934 1935

120 88

23 33

207

40

40

2

30

21

1934 1935 1934 1935

515,812 16,817 1,184 2,735

159 187

8

5

2

25

38

888

1

2

14

2

1,749 3,118 589 882

2

161

366

9

14

11

15

28:

2 10

2

}

2

16

2

1

5

4.

24

1

2

7

100

218

18

49

17

t

1 +

I

4

15

10

8

T

1

2.

}

285

309

194 421

11

15

358

359

60

57

32

36

ed" or "Imprisoned".

20

223

20

24

1

22

74

18

26

―

9

1

149

88

127

58

صيد

717,638 20,320 1,802 3,792

Return of Punishments awarded at Magistracy i.

Offences against Individuals.

Punishments.

Number of Persons Punished.

Description.

Against their

Property.

Against their Persons.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

Fined

Imprisoned in default

1934 1935 1934 1935

10,860 9,420 1,506 2,245

1934 1935 1934 1935

1934

1935 1934

9

5

11

12

31

27

12

3,396 3,803

5961,224

160 210

15

46

24

43

2

Imprisoned without option

1.303 1,452

32

38

9601,074

13

19

17

34

3

Imprisoned and birched

25

36

I

Į

22

34

3

Expelled from the Colony

10:

50

5

29

ON

2

Sentenced to house of Detention

1

Bound over to come up for judgment

14

119

11

49

14

27

9

6

2

1

Bound over to be of good behaviour

170

79 50

51

5

2

1

51

20

10

Bound over and fined

11

co

Bound over and ordered to pay compensation

2

2

2

ลง

2

Bound over, ordered to pay compensation and fined

లు.

2

1

3

Bound over and imprisoned

―

Bound over to keep peace

28

75

3

13

11

34

Fined and ordered to pay compensation

Enforcement of bonds

Total

*

3

1

31

16,473 15,045 2,610 3,685 1,170 1,352

52

84

150

165

-

nts.

ɔn.

- H 12

Table V,-Continued.

KOWLOON.

Return of Punishments awarded at Magistracy in respect of Certain Classes of Offences during th

Offences against Individuals.

Number of Persons

Panished.

Against their Property.

Against their Persons.

Against the Crown and Government.

Against Public Justice.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

1934

1935 1934 1935

1934

1935 1934 1935

1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935 1934 1935

1934 1935 1934 193

10,860 9,420 1,506 2,245

9

5

11

12

31

27

12

5

10

201 144

72

52

45

79

3

3,396 3,803

596 1,224

160 210

15

46

24

43

2

7 726

730

95

120

13

28

1.303 1,452

32

38

9601,074

13

19

17

34

13

27

46

2

1

176

231

11

25

36

286

22

34

3

10

50

5

29

1

tion

L

judgment

14

119

11

49

14

27

9

6

co

2

1

3

ehaviour

170

79 50

51

5

2

H

1

51

20

11

6

1

5

11

1

8

—

bay compensation

6

2

4

2

2

2

compensation and fined

2

1

3

2

mpensation

Total

*

28

75

3

13

1

31

―

—

16,473 15,045 2,610 3,685 1,170 1,352

I

1

52

11

34

1

1

ཚ་

84

150

165

33

J

T

1 1

1

―

-

J

2

4

1

35

35

271

927

170 181

236

342

15

:

Appendix I.

REPORT OF THE LAND OFFICER AND REGISTRAR

OF MARRIAGES FOR THE YEAR 1935.

PART I.-LAND OFFICE.

REGISTRATION.

1. During the year 4,044 instruments were registered under the provisions of Ordinance No. 1 of 1844,-a decrease of 397 compared with the preceding year.

2. The total number of instruments registered under the provisions of the above mentioned Ordinance (since 1844) to the end of the year 1935 was 149,056.

.

3. The number of instruments registered each year during the last ten years is shewn in Table I.

4. The total consideration on sales, mortgages, surrenders and miscellaneous land transactions registered in the Land Office amounted to $70,868,463.79, particulars of which are shewn in Table II.

CROWN LEASES.

5. 503 Crown Leases were issued during the year, as against 673 in the previous year-a decrease of 170. Particulars are set out in Table III. A great number of Crown Leases were out- standing at the end of the year for which the fees will be collected in due course.

6. The number of leases issued each year during the last ten years is shewn in Table I.

FEES.

7. The total amount of fees collected (exclusive of the New Territories) amounted to $93,214.50, being a decrease of $16,843.75 on the preceding year. Table IV shews the Monthly Revenue.

8. Land Registration Fees in the New Territories amounted to $5,569.00, and Crown Lease Fees to $180.00.

9. The total fees collected during the past ten years is shewn in Table V.

GRANTS OF LAND.

10. The total area of land leased during the year under review was 630 acres 1 rood and 251 poles, of which 565 acres, 1 rood and 17.3/5 poles were dealt with by the District Officers.

I 2

—

11. Particulars of grants, surrenders and resumptions during the year are shewn on pages U 2 and 3 of the Blue Book for 1935.

SURRENDERS.

12. 55 surrenders of land required for public purposes (including surrenders under Contracts of Exchange) were pre- pared and registered in the Land Office, the total consideration for those required for public purposes amounting to $6,296.10.

STAMP DUTIES.

13. Stamp Duties paid on registered documents (exclusive of Probates and Letters of Administration) amounted $266,571.90, a decrease of $23,782.45.

CROWN RENTS.

to

14. The number of lots entered on the Hong Kong and Kowloon Crown Rent Roll-as shewn in Table VI-was 9,887 an increase of 615 on the preceding year.

15. The Crown Rents on this Roll amounted to $672,239.07 -a decrease on the preceding year of $31,470.72.

16. The number of lots entered on the Village Crown Rent Roll-as shewn in Table VII—was 2,136 a decrease of 1,295 on the preceding year.

17. The Crown Rents on this Roll amounted to $1,384.85 -a decrease of $197.90 as compared with the preceding year.

a

18. The total Crown Rents amounted to $673,623.92 decrease of $31,668.62 on the year 1934-mainly due to the re-entries and surrenders which have taken place.

DOCUMENTS.

19. 924 miscellaneous documents were prepared in the Land Office during the year, being a decrease of 395 compared with the year 1934; viz:-

(a) 503 Crown Leases (with Counterparts).

(b) 241 Memorials for the registration of Undertakings relating to Verandahs and Balconies over Crown Land.

(c) 55 Surrenders of land required for public purposes,

street improvements and private Exchanges.

(d) 36 Agreements for exchanges and surrenders. (e) 88 Memorials of Re-entry.

(f) 1 Deed of Covenant relating to Scavenging Lane.

I 3

-

Table I.

NUMBER OF INSTRUMENTS REGISTERED AND CROWN LEASES

GRANTED DURING THE YEARS 1926 To 1935.

Year.

Instruments registered.

Crown Leases

granted.

1926

4,360.

250

1927

4,628

196

1928

4,798

235

1929

4,250

242

1930

5,517

874

1931

6,181

517

1932

6,345

938

1933

5,152

721

1934

4,441

673

1935

4,044

503

Table II.

CONSIDERATION ON INSTRUMENTS REGISTERED IN THE LAND

OFFICE DURING THE YEAR 1935.

No. of Lots

Description of

Instruments.

Number or portions

registered. of Lots

Total Consideration.

affected.

$

C.

Assignments

1,115

1,416

21,104,128.10

Mortgages and Transfer of

Mortgages

1,262

1,884

28,841,035.48

Reassignments and Certi-

ficates of Satisfaction

930

1,225

18,574,975.71

Surrenders

55

71

6,296.10

Judgments and Orders of

Court

63

147

2,097,541.96

Miscellaneous Documents...

487

1,454

244,486.44

Probates and Letters of

Administration, (Estate

Duties and Interest $361,993.21)

Total

132

480

4,044

6,677 $70,868,463.79

I 4

T

Table III.

CROWN LEASES GRANTED DURING THE YEAR 1935.

Hong Kong

Inland

Garden

Rural Building

Shaukiwan Inland

Aberdeen Inland

Aplichau Inland

Kowloon Marine

Kowloon

Kowloon Inland

New Kowloon Total

Kowloon Permanent Pier

New Kowloon Inland

New Kowloon Dairy Farm

Sheungshui Inland

229

1 14 1

1

1 2 143

1 106

כא

1

503

Table IV.

RETURN OF MONTHLY REVENUE PAID IN STAMPS TO THE LAND OFFICE DURING THE YEAR 1935.

Searches,

Registration

Month.

of Deeds.

Copy Documents,

Crown

Lease

Total.

and Certi- fications.

Fees.

C.

$

C.

$

C.

$ C.

January

5.450.00

806.00

2,160.00

8.416.00

February

4,310.00

458.50

3,420.00

8,188.50

March

4,774.00

638.25

2,700.00

8,112.25

April

4,443,00

553.50

2,850.00

7,846.50

May

5,214.00

526.75

2,490.00

8,230.75

June

4,580.00

411.00

990.00

5,981.00

July

4,362.00

527.00

1,230.00

6.119.00

August

4,667.00

526.00

2,160.00

7,353.00

September

5,876.00

537.50

1,950.00

8,363.50

October

6,070.00

584.00

1,710.00

8,364.00

November 6,426.00

636.00

1,960.00

9,022.00

December 4,961.00

607.00

1,650.00

7,218.00

Totals

61,133.00

6,811.50 25,270.00

93,214.50

$110.058.25

1934 Total

93,214.50

1935 Total

16,843.75

Decrease.

*

-

I 5

Table V.

FEES COLLECTED DURING THE YEARS 1926 to 1935.

Searches, and Copies Grants of

Registration

Year.

of Deeds.

of Docu-

Leases.

Total.

ments.

0.

$

C.

$

C.

C.

1926

65,843.00

4,443.00

7,635.00

77,921.00

1927

67,115.00

5,050.50 5,442.00

77,607.50

1928

1929

.. 72,815.00 6,640.00 6,630.00

63,478.00 5,498.50 7,100.00 76,076.50

86,085.00

1930

84,339.00

7,043.75 25,472.00

116,854.75

1931

94,054.00

7,254.00 17,290.00 118,598.00

1932

98,335.00

8,789.25 44,430.00

151,554.25

1933

81,508.00

8,547.25 36,810.00

126,865.25

1934

67,345.00

6,863.25 35,850.00

110,058.25

1935

61,133.00

6,811.50 25,270.00

93,214.50

I 6

Table VI.

HONG KONG AND KOWLOON RENT ROLL.

Locality and Description.

No. of Lots.

Total Crown Rent.

$

C.

Victoria Marine Lot

408

75,874.00

Praya Reclamation Marine

Lot

36

Inland Lot

3,632

1,214.39 221,668.66

Quarry Bay Marine Lot

3

18,914.00

Inland Lot

13

4,024.00

Victoria Farm Lot

8

401.55

Garden Lot

46

Rural Building Lot

281

2,032.00 47,647.58

Aberdeen Marine Lot

7

579.16

Inland Lot

83

1,150.50

Aplichau Marine Lot

20

113.88

Inland Lot

44

281.48

Shaukiwan Marine Lot

10

2,308.00

Stanley Inland Lot

Inland Lot

Pokfulum Dairy Farm Lot

Kowloon Marine Lot

233

5,049.57

4

4.00

4

2,712.00

56

50,971.00

Inland Lot

2,602

126,516.45

Garden Lot

1

"}

1.00

Hung Hom Marine Lot

2

6,140.00

Inland Lot

157

9,256.00

Sheko Inland Lot

15.00

Tai Tam Inland Lot

Tong Po Inland Lot

New Kowloon Marine Lot

1.00

1

1.00

3

· 18,938.00

Inland Lot

2,158

63,776.35

Farm Lot

6

"

Rural Building Lot

1

272.50 42.00

Tai Po Inland Lot

9

794.00

Fan Ling Lot

1,898.00

Sheung Shui Lot

1,138.00

Mining Lot

1,590.00

Tsun Wan Marine Lot

5

2,624.00

Inland Lot

16

2,508.00

New Kowloon Dairy Farm Lot

20

1,072.00

Tsing I Marine Lot

1

76.00

Ping Shan Inland Lot

1

634.00

Total

9,887

$672,239.07

I7

Table VII.

VILLAGE RENT ROLL.

Locality and Description.

No. of Lots.

Total Crown Rent.

C.

Aberdeen

16

47.50

Pokfulam

24

28.25

Tai Hang

156

632.50

Ah Kung Ngam

25

18.25

Shaukiwan

27

15.00

Hau Pui Loong

12

44.00

Wong Tsuk Hang

2

34.50

Tai Hang Stream

16

67.00

Tong Po

1

2.50

Tytam

1

3.50

Tytam Tuk

3

2.50

Chung Hom Bay

1

.50

Chinese Joss House, Bowen Road

Victoria

1

3.00

Telegraph Bay

12

33.50

Little Hong Kong

235

79.85

Shek O

327

74.50

Hok Tsui

137

30.80

Chai Wan

723

125.80

Stanley

309

114.20

Wong Ma Kok

108

27.20

Total

2.136

$1,384.85

I 8

PART II.-MARRIAGE REGISTRY.

MARRIAGES.

The number of Marriages celebrated in the Colony during the year was 368, (of which 194 were between Chinese persons) as compared with 325 (and 153) respectively in 1934—an increase of 43. Particulars are given in Table I infra.

FEES.

2. The total amount of Fees received under the Second Schedule of the Marriage Ordinance 1875, was $3,197.00 as compared with $3,327.90 in 1934-a decrease of $130.90. Particulars are shewn in Table II. The decrease is mainly accounted for by the smaller number of Special Licences granted.

Table I.

(1) Marriages by SPECIAL LICENCE, 19.

(a) At Licensed Places of

5.

Public Worship.

(b) At the Office of the Registrar of Marriages.

14.

(2) Marriages by REGISTRAR'S CERTIFICATE, 349.

(a) At Licensed Places of

Public Worship.

192.

(b) At the Office of the Registrar of Marriages.

157.

-I 9

Table II.

FEES RECEIVED DURING 1935.

Fee.

Total Fees

358 Certificates of Notice

(Registrar's Certificates)

$1.00

358.00

11 Searches

@

$1.00

11.00

48 Certified Copies

@

$1.00

48.00

7 Licences to Registrar of Marriages

to issue his Certificates under

Section 9 of Ordinance No. 7

of 1875

@

$10.00

70.00

20 Special Licences

@ $50.00

1,000.00

171 Marriages at the Office of the

Registrar

@ $10.00

1,710.00

Total

$3,197.00

PART III.-GENERAL.

STAFF.

On 22nd April, 1935, Mr. Philip Jacks, Land Officer and Registrar of Marriages proceeded on leave prior to retirement, and Mr. T. S. Whyte-Smith was appointed to act as Land Officer. On 3rd May Lieut.-Colonel F. Eaves, D.S.O., Assistant Land Officer, proceeded on leave prior to retirement, and retired on pension on 21st August, 1935. On 9th July, 1935, Mr. J. B. Prentis, a Junior Legal Officer, was appointed to act as Assistant Land Officer and Deputy Registrar of Marriages.

W. J. LOCKHART-SMITH,

Land Officer and Registrar of Marriages.

31st March, 1936.

Appendix J.

REPORT ON THE NEW TERRITORIES FOR THE

YEAR 1935.

DEPARTMENT OF DISTRICT OFFICE, NORTH.

STAFF.

1. Mr. T. Megarry continued as District Officer, throughout the year.

EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE.

2. Tables I and II show some comparative details of the expenditure and revenue from the District in 1934 and 1935. The most conspicuous decrease was again in land sales, but on the other hand the amount of Crown Rent collected was again larger than ever before, which might indicate that past develop- ments stay constant and consolidated, though the present rate of progress has temporarily become slower. Table III gives a comparative statement of revenue collected and expenditure incurred by this department over the last 10 years.

MAGISTRACY.

3. Tables IV to VIII give details of the cases, both criminal and civil, heard by the District Officer sitting as magistrate during the year. Details of juvenile cases, the number of which was again very small, are included.

of

4. There was again an increase in the number of Police Court cases heard in 1935 of about 15% over the record high number of 1934. The number of Police Court cases has now reached a figure 265% higher than that of 1930. Of the 1675 cases heard, 400 concerned traffic offences and dangerous driving, 326 opium and revenue offences, 323 offences unlicensed or unmuzzled dogs, 207 offences against property, 79 offences against the person, 60 offences of disobeying orders of deportation, 48 offences of unlawful possession of arms, and there were 232 other offences of various kinds. The number of traffic offences continues to increase with the number of cars and lorries using the roads, but. there was a slight fall in the number of revenue cases. Though the licensing of dogs in N.T. is now strictly enforced and the number of dogs in consequence has been greatly reduced, there is still, it will be observed from the number of cases recorded, a good deal of neglect to comply with the regulations, as might be expected in large areas out in the country.

J 2

In 11 cases defendants were sent for trial to the Supreme Court, as against 14 in 1934. These comprised 6 cases of robbery, 1 of homicide, 3 of breach of deportation order, and one of unlawful possession of arms and ammunition.

5. There were 39 cases of deaths in unusual circumstances reported to the Police Magistrate as coroner during the year and three Death Inquiries were held.

6. There was a considerable decrease in the number of Small Debts cases heard but an increase in the number of Distress Warrants which had to be issued to enforce decisions.

LAND AND GENERAL.

7. Complete details of the work of the Land Office are shown in Table IX. In the Land Registry 3,058 memorials were registered as compared with 3,010 in 1934 and the amount of stamp duty received for registration was $3,799.50 as against $3,982.90 in 1934.

8. There is little remaining Crown Land available for sale for purposes of padi and vegetable cultivation, but purchasers are still coming forward to buy tracts of hillside land on which to attempt the cultivation of fruit trees. Most hillside land of course is licensed to neighbouring villagers for the purpose of growing fir trees, and any stranger desirous of purchasing and developing such land as orchard is apt to be met by strong local opposition, as the villagers have always relied on this kind of land for grazing and fuel, as well as for the interment of their dead.

9. The only other matter in Table IX on which special comment might be made is the revenue from matshed permits. There is always a steady influx of immigrant Hakkas desiring to settle in the N. T. Their standard of living is very low and they have as a rule no capital for the purchase of land or building a permanent brick dwelling, but they are sometimes able to rent fields in the less fertile and more remote spots, and, where their character can be vouched for locally, permits to erect matsbeds for habitation, making bean-curd and keeping swine may be issued to them. Although these immigrants sometimes cause breaches of the peace and bring in their train bad characters, on the whole they contribute to the wealth of the district regarded economically, and in time may be able to save enough to buy land and erect permanent dwellings.

- J3-

10. The development of Tai Po and Yuen Long markets was well maintained and in only one case was an extension of the period for compliance with building covenant required. Towards the end of the year these market villages were delimited as urban areas and an assessment by this department of all buildings therein made preparatory to the collection of rates from the beginning of 1936 in accordance with an ordinance passed to supplement the Rating Ordinance in respect of the New Territories. By the middle of the year the water supply to Yuen Long was turned on and is proving a great amenity to the inhabitants, who can now draw water outside their doors or have it laid onto their houses, and is very useful for purposes of cleanliness and fire-fighting.

11. The rainfall at Tai Po was 84.48 inches as against 94.36 · inches in 1934 and fell at opportune times for the farmers. Both padi crops were excellent, the second admittedly so even by the farmers themselves, and the enhanced local supply coincided luckily with a slightly enhanced price outside the Colony; but inost of the additional profit is understood to have been gained by the rice dealers, in whose hands the rice was when the price rose, rather than by the farmers.

12. The acreage under pineapple cultivation continues to grow, though during the year little profit was made in this line owing to the weak demand in the Hong Kong market.

13. Fish were reported plentiful in the waters of the district, but it was said that as far as the Sai Kung fisheries are concerned no advantage was derived from this plenitude because of the difficulty of transporting the fish from Sai Kung so as to reach the Kowloon markets in a fresh condition, and the Tai Po fish merchants complained that they were handicapped because of the high duty charged on New Territories fish on export over the border to Chinese Territory.

14. During the course of the year all postal work in the district was taken over direct by the Post Office department and a complete Postal service is now available in the district with branch post offices at Tai Po and Yuen Long, pillar post boxes at convenient places along the roads, and collections and deliveries by postal messengers on bicycles.

15. The streets at Yuen Long were named during the year and name plates fixed in connection with the assessment and rating scheme. At the same time name plates and guiding signs were fixed at all large villages along the main road and at cross-roads.

J 4

16. An innovation at Tai Po Market was the installation of a local loud speaker apparatus, which together with a receiving set and microphone was very generously presented by the Hon. Mr. W. H. Bell and set up by the electrical department of the Public Works Department. By means of this arrangement the programmes of the Hong Kong broadcasting station may be received by the receiver lodged at the local elders' club premises, and broadcast in the evenings through the loud speakers installed down at the market place, and lectures or lessons may be broadcast in the market place through the microphone for the benefit of farmers who attend the market in the mornings.

17. The populace of the District joined loyally and whole- heartedly in the celebrations of the Silver Jubilee of His Majesty King George V, and. it was a remarkable feature of these celebrations that there were spontaneous demonstrations of rejoicing and thankfulness in several large villages apart from the main official celebrations at the large centres of Tai Po and Yuen Long.

18. In conclusion I have once again to put on record my thanks to the leading elders of the district for their loyal co- operation and advice in all matters affecting the welfare of the district as a whole and the peace of the various parts in which they live. The District Officer who works with them for several years comes to regard these gentlemen as real friends who contribute in large measure to the success of our administration.

5th March, 1936.

T. MEGARRY, District Officer, North.

P

J5

Table I.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE BY THE DISTRICT OFFICE

· 1934 AND 1935.

1934

1935

Personal Emoluments*

.$ 59,790.51.

$53,989.10

Other Charges.

Conveyance Allowances

1,724.84

1,830.00

Electric Light and Fans

131.74

158,59

Incidental Expenses

425.05

401:67

Local Public Works

2,035.60

550:00

ligh

Transport

1,270.32

1,034.62

Scavenging

1,574.71

1,707.40

Uniform

224.65

193.55

Upkeep of Grounds of Island House ...

188.07

196.08

Total other charges

$

7,574.98

$ 6,071.91

Total department

$ 67,365.49 $60,061.01

*Includes officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services attached

to the department.

J 6

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE COLLECTED BY THE DISTRICT OFFICER IN 1984 AND 1935.

1934

1935

Pawnbrokers' Licences

Motor Spirit Licences

Fines

Crown Rent (Leased Lands)

Kerosene Oil Licences

Chinese Wine and Spirit Licences

Money-changers' Licences

$101,109.41

$102,805.49

1,986.67

2,110.00

2,536.66

1,800.00

1,750.00

1,500.00

325.00

450.00

5.00

5,532.00

4,484.98

Fines (Land Sales)

1,775.54

1,111.62

Fines Reward Fund

2,242.50

1,019.10

Forfeitures

118.00

188.00

Forfeitures (Land Sales)

30.00

30.00

Distress Warrant (Crown Rent

Small Debt's Court)

372.00

249.00

Other Miscellaneous Receipts

626.00

143.50

Forestry Licences

7,763.38

7,745.60

Permit to cut earth, etc.

9,814.00

5,371.00

Grave certificates

15.00

8.50

Pineapple Land Leases

471.25

507.57

Matshed Permits

4,738.59

4,821.70

Permit to occupy land

2,979.05

3,012.42

Stone Quarry Permits

1,131.00

1,445.00

Ferry Licences

6.00

6.00

Certified Extracts

169.00

135.00

Sunprint

Land Sales

45.00

130.00

21,257.74

11,331.87

Stamps for Deeds

3,982.90

3,799.50

Boundary Stones

522.75

300.00

Building

500.00

Crown Leases

120.00

Tobacco Retailer Licences

1,290.00

1,190.00

Court fees or Miscellaneous fees

10.80

18.90

Arms Fines

515.00

Legal Cost

5.00

Poor Box

50.00

22.86

Overpayment in previous year

.80

Mining Licences

4,702.50

Mining Royalties

1,122.95

86.64

Prospecting Licences

1,000.00

Total

$179,975.69 $156,470.05

Note.

1934

1935

Mining Licences

$4,640.00

Nil

Prospecting Licences

1,000.00

Nil

were paid in

Mining Royalties

645.48

86.64

Hong Kong.

Crown Rent

8,874.00

4,464.00

Total

$10,159.48 $4,544.64

•

- J 7

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE :

FOR THE LAST TEN YEARS.

Personal* Emoluments

Year.

and other Charges.

Special Expenditure.

Total Expenditure.

Total Revenue.

1926

37,990.97

37,990.97

138,527.55

1927

43,059,80

43,059.80

123,578.70

1928

46,339.30

150.80

46,490.10

117,383.48

1929

46,371.85

46,371.85

120,580.97

1930

61,273.56

61,273.56

146,300.10

1931

61,241.64

61,241.64

165,014.61

1932

61,663.99

61,663.99

179,033:92

1933

67,216.42

67,216.42

195,021.92

1934

67,365.49

67.365.49

169,816.21

1935

60,061.01

60,061.01

151,919.41

*Includes Officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services attached to

department.

Note. Only money expended or collected by the District Office is included in above table and no account is taken of revenue collected by other departments or expenditure by them pr expenditure on Public Works, Police, Medical, Educational and other services.

:

Mi made a

Table IV.

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTs During thE YEAR 1935..

TAI PO.

Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male & Female Defendants under each Head.

J 8

Total, No.

Classification of Offences.

Total No.

of

Charges.

of

Defend-

Convicted

and

Sentenced.

Discharged:

Committed

for trial

at the

Bound over without further Penalty.

Supreme

ants.

Court.

To keep the peace and be of

Convicted

and

Cautioned.

Police

Supervi-

Previously Convicted.

sion.

good behaviour.

OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.

M. F. Total M. F. Total

M.. F. M. F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M. F.

(a) Against their Property.

1. Larceny (simple)

55

Stealing from the person

4.

Embezzlement

conversion

and

Fraudulent

Robbery

Burglary and Housebreaking

Demanding with menaces

5

False pretences and cheating

19

Receiving and possession of stolen

goods

42

3. Malicious damage

4:

4. Forgery

8:

5. Other offences

52

20+ Ngootão ao

12

3

כא

7

::

:

::

11

1

27

12

42

Bra Ba

6

18

3

25

9

51

Avaa Ba

4

3

NO

7

23

26

1

24

:

1

1

9

2

11

(b) Against their persons.

1. Homicide

1

1

2. Ill-treatment & grievous harm

12

4

3. Common assault

61

101

36

6. Other offences

11

26

GEN

8

44

5

4+5

15

10

639

48

Carried forward

286

396

195

27 222

87 18 105

1222

44

45

1

5

GA

45 13

131

122

כא

13

1

::

7:

1

9

F:

1

1

1

2

1

:

1

1

1

3

1

6

19

18

~C~!

2

33

10

1

2

1

42

13

1

1

M.

3

16

Table IV,—Continued.

ABSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS DURING THE YEAR 1935. TAI PO,-Continued.

Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male & Female Defendants under each Head.

:

:.

Total No.

Classification of Offences.

Total No.

of

of

Charges.

Defend-

ants.

Convicted

and

Committed

for trial

Bound over without further Penalty.

Discharged.

at the

Sentenced.

Supreme

To keep the

Convicted

and

Cautioned.

Police

Supervi-

Previously Convicted.

sion.

Court.

peace and be of

good behaviour.

M.

F. Total M.

F. Total M. F.

M.

F.

M.

F. M. F. M.

Brought forward

286

396

195

27

222

87 18 105

12

42

13

1

1

3

F.

16

OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.

(c) Against the Crown & Government.

1. Currency offences

3

סא

3

2

݁ܬ

:

2

1

1

4. Trespass and damages on Crown Land

:

:

:

12

7. Opium and Revenue offences

326

8. Dangerous drug and goods

15

9. Other offences

225

15

10

398

299

233

63

19

17

23

22

282

10

362 30

17

2

11∞

:

31

2

2

41

2

22

1

1

21

:

(d) Against Public Justice.

1. Escape and breach of Prison 2. Returning from banishment

1

60

60

5. Other offences

1

HOM

1

:

:

1

52

1

1

2 ..54

1

3

3

3

סא

F:..

Carried forward

709

91,6

598

92690 122

22,

144

15

42

15

6

CN

3

J 9

I

26

7

:

55

2

97

9

Table IV,--Continued.

Abstract of CASES UNDER COGNISANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTs During the YEAR 1935.

TAI PO,-Continued.

Cases, how disposed of, and the Number of Male & Female Defendants under each Head.

Classification of Offences.

Total No..

of

Charges.

Total No.

of

Defend-

ants.

Convicted

and

Sentenced.

Committed

for trial

Bound over without further Penalty.

Discharged.

at the

Supreme

Court.

To keep the

Convicted

and

Cautioned,

Police

Supervi-

Previously Convicted.

sion.

peace and be of good behaviour.

709

916

M. F. Total M. F. Total M. F. 598 92 690 122 22 144

M.

F.

M. F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

15

42

1223

15

4

6 3

97

9

J 10

20

29

86

8

4

:

(e) Against the Public Peace.

1. Breach of the peace

24

2. Unlawful possession of arms

48

20

97

53

3. Other offences

58-

21

45

24-

21

45

1

1

65

24-

3

O LO

מא

5

1

3-

53

14

1

1

1

2

:

(f) Against trade.

(g) Against Public Morals and Police.

3. Lotteries and gambling

32

106

4. Offences against public health

7

5. Street hawkers offences..

44

6. Obstruction

9. Traffic offences of a technical nature

355

355

10. Dangerous driving of vehicles

45

11. Vagrants

1

12. Unlicensed or unmuzzled Dogs

323

Mu

13. Other offences

28

323

76

102

KALAKALO

102

102

7

6

6

45

33

5

LO

38

לא

כא

3

1

:

:..

3

כא

1

3

3

3

1

5

299

299

24

24

1

31

67

45

41

41

1

3

8

1

1

1

261

77

261

25

25

37

28

5

LO

82

12

1

13

6

1

4

Brought forward

OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.-Contd.

Total

1,665

2,051 1,484

102 1,586 202

26

26

228

16

16

:

98

88

214

9

Table V.

TAI PO New Territories.

Return of Punishments awarded in respect of Certain Classes of Offences during the Year 1935.

Punishments:

J 11 —

Offences against Individuals.

Offences of a Public Nature

Number of

Persons

Punished.

Description.

Against their Against their Against the Property. Person.

Against

Crown and

Public

Against the

Government.

Justice.

Public Peace.

Against Public Morals and Police.

Other

Offences.

M.

Fines

848

Imprisoned in default

462

Imprisoned without option...

169

4223

F. M. F. M. F.

M. F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

M.

F.

27

3

75

20

78

199

26

Bound over to be of good

905

6

68

10

2 260

53

253

44

694

18

8889

48

41

27

90

:

52

2

4

:

behaviour

Convicted and cautioned.

Bound over and fined

Bound over, ordered to pay

compensation and fined...

Bound over to keep peace.... Bound over and ordered to. pay compensation

76

2、 OR

12

84

96

4

2

7

::

512

2

2J LO

1

2.

115

សិស

30

1

72

7

1

885

10

+9

:

18

::

23

22

53

14

::

11

2

.9

2

:

:

:

:

2

...

Total

1,676

140

107

- 15

87

19

18

330 70 54 2 126 14 816

LO

5

156

16

Years.

Total

Number

of Cases.

Table VI.

ABSTRACT of CASES brought under COGNIZANCE of the POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS during a period of Five Years.

Convicted and

Discharged.

Punished,

CASES, HOW DISPOSED OF, AND THE NUMBER OF MALE AND FEMALE PRISONERS UNDER EACH HEAD.

Committed for Trial at

Supreme

Court.

Committed

to prison or detained

pending Order.

of His

Excellency the Governor.

Ordered to find Security.

To keep the Peace, to be of Good Behaviour, and to answer any Charge.

Did

not appear

and absconded.

Escaped before being brought for trial at the Magistracy.

Escaped.

Punished for preferring False Charge or giving False

Testimony.

Convicted and

Cautioned.

Total Number of Defendants.

1

2

3

כא

ང་

5 6 7

8

9

10

11 12 13

14 15 16

17

18

19 20

21

22

223

23 24

25

25 26 27

28 29 30

M.

F.

J. M. F.

J.

M.

F.

J. M. F.

J.

M. F. J.

M. M. F.

J.

M. M. F.

J. M.

F.

J.

M. F. J.

1931

655 549 71 17 165 21

6

32

:

1032

882 797

72

13 184

11

1

12

16

1933

1,238 1,251 103

6 196

20

7

8

52

:

1934

1,451 | 1,237 117

4 272

22

20

1935

1,675 1,484 102

5 202

26

4 16

20

2

67

Total

5,9015,318

465

45 1,019

100 24

56

4

Aver-

age

1,180 1,063

93

15

9 204

20

4.8 11.2

.8

:

:

:

:

:

985888

3

14

LO

K

:

::

:

9

5

LO

56

29

::

:

265

59

14

:

...

:

53

35

11.8

2.8

746 96

1,009

20

1,507

137

16

1 1,652

150

16

86

8

51,886

165

14

142

8

6 6,800

636

89

28.4

1,6

1.2 1,360 127.2

17.8

8888888

J 12 -

223

per

Year,

*

5 1

2 3 4 5

Committed to Remand Home.

Convicted and Cautioned.

Discharged or Order made.

Table VII.

Return of Juvenile Offenders brought before the Taipo Police Magistrate's Courts, during the Year 1935.

1

5 1 2

3 4 5 1 2

לא

3 4

:

1

כא

3

:

:

:

:

13

:

:

:

1

1

:

2

:

:

:

:

:

:

...

:

:

:

:

:

N

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

÷

:

:

:.

:

:

:

:

:

:

F:

:

:

:

...

:

:

:

:

:

A.-Boys.

Classification of Offenders.

Total

No. of

Defen-

dants.

Convicted and Sentenced.

Caned in Court.

Fines. (Inflicted on Parents)

1 2 3 4

LO

5

1

2

LO

M

Possession of dutiable

wine

Possession of Opium

:

:

1

1

1

:

1

(4) Over 14 and under 15.

(5) Over 15 and under 16.

(3) Over 12 and under 14.

1

:

Possession of Fire

wood branches

1

:

:

Common Assault

1

1

:

T:

:.

1

:

House breaking

2

Larceny of fish

1

:

Obtaining money by

false pretence

1

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

Total

13

1

2

1

1

(1) Age under 10.

(2) Over 10 and under 12.

:

-J 14.

Table VII.

Return of Juvenile Offenders brought before the Taipo Police Magistrate's Courts, during the Year 1935.

B.-GIRLS.

Classification of Offenders.

Possession of Opium.

Total

Total

No. of Committed to Salvation Home

Defen- dants.

till mother claims.

1

2 3 4

1

1

1

1

(1) Age under 10.

(2) Over 10 and under 12. (3) Over 12 and under 14.

10

5

(4) Over 14 and under 15. (5) Over 15 and under 16.

Table VIII.

SMALL DEBTS Courts.

1935

Average from 1930-1934

Cases heard

146

158

Writs of Executions

116

41

Heading.

No. of

Sales

Permits,

Licences,

etc.

Table IX.

No. of Lots.

Area in

acres.

+

Increase

Decrease

Amount

of

Annual

Rent.

of

Annual

of

Premia,

Amount

paid for

Resump-

Term

of

Rent.

Fees, etc.

tion of

Land

years.

Sales of Land for Agriculture

>>

33

>>

>>

Building

""

>>

>>

& garden

Orchard

""

""

"J

""

& garden

>>

??

>"

""

"3

& agriculture....

"

"3

>>

29

Garden & agriculture

>>

>>

>>

>>

Fish pond

""

Threshing floor

Conversions

Permits to occupy land for Agriculture

>>

>>

>>

>>

""

>>

""

""

>>

"

""

Other purposes..

>>

>>

""

>>

Agriculture

">

??

,,

""

35

Other purposes..

Extensions

Exchanges

Q85-ÖGN GHAGOGNON

43

25.74

C.

31.75

:

號

59

1.22

149.50

3,271.00

916.00

.15

22.00

20.09

29.70

4.68

47.30

10

5.13

5.70

4

2.00

6.10

1

1.46

146.00

96.00

2,318.00

1,597.00

927.00

432.00

1,272.00

75

""

,,

""

>>

>>

""

5

.08

.50

54.00

>>

108

3.17

425.00

255.23.

>>

2

4.40

63.00

21

7

19.59

62.50

10

180

133.55

709.96

5

1

2.10

21.00

5

500

252.12

2,056.74

1

12

13

47.62

99.22

20

20

.20

29.60

193.64

75

3

3

1,81

43.65

75

Re-entries

492

48.59

266.31

Surrenders

77

4.25

173.86

Resumptions

141

4.92

8.54

1,331.26

Stone Quarry permits

62

1.445.00

Permits to cut Earth etc.

355

5,371.00

Matshed permits

1,019

16.21

4,821.70

Ferry Licences

4

6.00

Forestry Licences

582

582

38,728.00

Pine-apple Land Leases

449

449

169.19

Grave Certificates

17

Deeds registered and fees

3,058

7,745.60

507.57

8.50

3,799.50

1

10

J 15 -

J 16

Table X.

LOCAL PUBLIC WORKS, 1935.

Allocation of Assistance.

REPAIRS.

Bridge at Hung Ling

$

450.00

Bridge at Ngau Liu near Kwan Ti

100.00

Un-expended

2,950.00

Total

.$ 3,500.00

Appendix J.

REPORT ON THE NEW TERRITORIES FOR THE YEAR 1935.

B.-SOUTHERN DISTRICT.

STAFF.

Mr. G. S. Kennedy-Skipton took over from Mr. D. M. MacDougall as District Officer on 14th January and remained in charge for the rest of the year.

EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE.

2. Tables I to III show comparative details of the ex- penditure and revenue of the department for the years 1934 and 1935.

3. The actual Revenue collected by the department, as shown in Table II, has decreased from the previous year's total by $10,254.39. This decrease is due to non-receipt of outstand- ing Crown Rent for two salt-pans at Tai O together with reductions in the following items:-sand stealing fines, earth stone and sand permits, and sales of land. Discontinuance as from October 1st of sand sales except in small quantities together with reduced building enterprise are thus seen to be on balance the sole factors of change affecting the revenue in the year.

4. Table III shows a comparative statement of Expenditure and Revenue of the department for the last ten years.

MAGISTRACY.

5. Tables IV to VIII show the details of the cases heard by the District Officer sitting as Police Magistrate and Judge of the Small Debts Court.

6. The number of police cases dealt with (Table VII) shows a decrease in 1935 by 119 as compared with 1934, due entirely to the fact that all traffic offences were transferred back to Kowloon Magistracy for hearing as from the middle of May, 1935. Cases other than traffic increased by 44 (13%) over the previous year.

7. There were three charges of Murder, at Chuk Ko Wan (Southern Lantao), Tai Ah Chau Island and Tong Fuk Village (Southern Lantao). one of Manslaughter, at Tai Ŏ, and one of Armed Robbery, at Tsuen Wan, during the year. The prisoners were all committed for trial in the Supreme Court.

J 2

8. There were no serious cases of Larceny and Assault during the year.

9. There were

no Juvenile Offenders dealt with in the District Office South Court in 1935 (Table VI).

10. The number of Small Debts Cases and of Writs of Execution have increased steadily from 14 and 9 respectively in 1932 to 96 and 50 in 1935, increasing over 50% in the latter year. The increase in 1935 was chiefly due to defaults of rent and poor business in Cheung Chau and, to a lesser extent, Tsuen Wan.

11. Twenty-one cases of deaths in unusual circumstances were reported to the Police Magistrate during the year. Seven Enquiries were held with Jury and one Coroner's verdict of Murder, against person or persons unknown, was returned.

LAND OFFICE.

12. Table X shows the work of the Land Office during the year. The total sales of agricultural and building land fell off to one quarter of the figure for 1934. 7.09 acres were sold, yielding premium to the amount of $1,084.24 as against 29.87 acres and $3,312.90 in 1934. This heavy drop is entirely due to fall in purchases by Hong Kong city residents. by villagers have not fallen off in value at all indicating that the New Territories are not yet feeling the effects of the general depression.

Purchases

13. The number of memorials registered was 1,446 as compared with 920 in 1934. This increase is accounted for by the renewals of the Five Years Leases of the Wong Wai Chak Tong at Cheung Chau.

14. The acreage held under Forestry Licences has again decreased, as parts of several forestry areas have been sur- rendered to Government.

15. A heavy fall occurred in Earth Stone and Sand permits. Part of this was due to the ceasing of sand permits on 1st October, 1935 when the Sand Ordinance transferred issue to the Public Works Department but Stone permits also fell heavily owing to reduced building (paragraph 12 above).

16. Eighteen new permits were issued for bathing sheds during the year bringing the total up to 189. Practically no good sites are now left unoccupied along the Castle Peak Road.

J 3

GENERAL.

Agriculture.

17. The district suffered no serious damage from rain, drought or typhoon during the year, except in Southern Lantao where the first rice crop was damaged by drought. The rice, bean-curd and vegetable crops were poor and prices remained low. Pineapple crops, chiefly grown at Tsuen Wan and Tai O, were good with price well sustained. Bean-curd business, centred in Tsuen Wan, continued in a bad way.

Fisheries.

18. The fishing business was uneven; good in Tai O and Lamma, fair in Cheung Chau, and in Tsuen Wan definitely bad.

Transport.

19. The Hong Kong and New Territories Ferry Company maintained a regular schedule throughout the year. The Tsuen Wan line did badly as in previous years whilst the competing bus service did well.

Registration of Births and Deaths.

20. Registration commenced in 1932. The Police Stations at Tsuen Wan, Cheung Chau and Tai O are the registry offices for their respective districts. 938 births and 554 deaths in all were registered as against 976 and 452 respectively for 1984. There were four prosecutions and light penalties were inflicted. On the basis of 1931 census (41,000) and assuming a birth rate of 30 per 1,000, three fourths of all births including those on boats are being registered-a very satisfactory showing in the circumstances.

Sanitation.

21. The scavenging work has been satisfactorily maintained in Cheung Chau, Tai O, Hang Hau and Tsuen Wan. Consider- able new paving and drainage work was carried out at Tai O. The Government-aided removal of all pigsties in Hang Hau to the site provided by Government was completed during the year. Paving in Hang Hau was also improved: there is now a paved street running the length of the village.

Hygiene.

22. The Government medical service was maintained, consisting of a travelling dispensary on the mainland, routine visits by a Medical Officer to the islands, and resident midwives with dispensaries at Tai O and Sham Tseng.

J 4

23. The Haw Par Hospital in Cheung Chau run by the St. John Ambulance Brigade completed its first full year of operation. 34,709 cases, between one fourth and one fifth of the total for District Office South and District Office North, were dealt with, including many from Lamma and Southern Lantao. Many serious cases, chiefly maternity and accident, were successfully treated, and many lives saved in consequence. Both in volume and quality the work done by the Hospital showed it to be a complete success and fully justified its size and scope.

:

Tai O.

24. The business in Tai O is generally dependent upon the success of the fishing season. This year

the fishing season was fair, as last year, with prices irregular.

25. The following table gives approximately the results of the fishing season.

Catch.

Price per picul.

1934.

1935.

1934.

1935.

Ma You Herring Wong Fa Shrimps

500 piculs. 300 piculs.

$14.00

$20.00

700

>>

1,100

$14.00

$10.00

وو

10,000

""

4,000

7,000 2,000

$ 9.00

$12.00

22

$5.00

$ 5.00

The results are fair, though not as good as in 1934. The Wong Fa and Ma Yau catches show a decrease largely offset by higher prices. The shrimp catch though half of last year's was still good, although the price remained low.

of these were consumed locally.

All

26. Pigs and cattle, rice and vegetables did well.

Poultry business, partly dependent on exports to Hong Kong, fell off somewhat.

27. The output of salt dropped from 14,000 piculs to 11,000 piculs, a low figure. The price also fell to the very low figure of 63 cents a picul. The greater part was exported to Chinese Territory.

Lamma.

28. Cattle had a fair year. Pigs (considerable exports to Hong Kong Island) and shrimp paste did very well.

29. Vegetables and rice had a very successful year. Grass cutting was average with good exports to Aberdeen for boat brearning.

J 5

Cheung Chau and Southern Lantao.

30. Industry and agriculture in Cheung Chau continued bad and worse than elsewhere, fishing alone of the larger industries having a fair year. Rice and vegetables did very badly indeed, the former being affected by drought and the latter by an insect pest. Lime kilns did very little business; much of their custom appears to have been lost owing to the low price of Japanese cement. Distilling and stone quarrying did well, but their scale is small.

31. All but six market stalls were occupied. Payment being largely in arrears, stall rents were reduced.

Retail business, important owing to the fishing fleet, was generally dull, many junks having transferred their custom to China.

32. The area was free from damage either by fire or typhoon. The Cheung Chau fire engine was inspected regularly by an officer of the Fire Brigade.

Tsuen Wan.

33. Conditions in Tsuen Wan were uneven; the rice crop was a failure but pineapples and firewood, both important, did well. Distilling (very important) also did well, but bean-curd, vegetables, sweet-potatoes and lime kilns, all important items did badly.

34. The Texas Oil Company and the Hume Pipe Company were busy throughout the year. The Shing Mun Waterworks progressed ahead of schedule and is expected to reach com- pletion about November, 1936. About 3,000 persons employed by the latter during 1935.

were

35. At Tsuen Wan the resumption of land for the Market and the access road extending from the Castle Peak Road to the sea was carried out and an area of land covering the road, the market, and part of the intervening house sites, in all 3.6 acres, formed to approved levels and provided with drains at a cost of $14,750. Paving will be completed before June, 1936. A contract was placed for a modern market (cost $7.000) similar to the newest in Hong Kong with 24 stalls, for completion in June, 1936. This market when completed will provide the centre for a modernised urban area, into which, it is hoped the population of the insanitary villages of Tsuen Wan, Sha Tsui and Hoi Pa will gradually transfer. The advantages of a good water supply, adjacent industrial undertakings, a considerable agricultural hinterland, and excellent communica- tions with the Hong Kong market, all promise well for the new town.

G. S. KENNEDY-SKIPTON, District Officer, South.

31st March, 1936.

A

J 6

Table I

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1934 and 1935.

1934.

Personal Emoluments

*$27,342.80

1935.

*$29,965.19

Other Charges.

Conveyance Allowances

647.59

477.13

Incidental Expenses

116.93

127.14

Local Public Works

2,355.00

2,995.00

Rent of Offices

9,100.00

8,000.00

Scavenging

1,490.30

1,482.80

Transport

644.03

772.92

Uniforms

93.35

90.91

Total Other Charges

$14,447.20

$13,945.90

Total Department

$41,790.00

$43,911.09

* Includes Officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services.

·J7-

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE COLLECTED BY THE

DISTRICT OFFICER, 1934 AND 1935.

1934.

Fines

$ 4,175.60

1935. $ 1,545.46

Building Convenant Fines

307.51

Forfeitures

344.00

230.00

Forestry Licences

2,672.40

2,596.90

Miscelaneous Licences

213.00

121.00

Earth (including Sand) and Stone

Permits

13.382.00

9,659.60

Legal Costs

115.00

196.00

Boundary Stones and Survey Fees..

226.00

368.00

Crown Leases

60.00

60.00

Miscellaneous Fees

144.25

99.25

Deeds Registration Fees

1,389.90

1,769.50

Leased Lands

* 26,492.60

* 24,557.73

Pineapple Land Leases

658.35

581.76

Bathing Matshed Permits

4,647.95

4,674.20

Matshed Permits

840.00

832.00

Temporary Structure on Private Land

929.00

966.00

Permit to Occupy Land.

409.40

481.40

Miscellaneous Permits

260.00

289.50

Stone Quarries

935.00

385.00

Market Fee

1,537.42

1,505.54

Other Miscellaneous Receipts

47.50

54.21

Premia on New Leases

3,208.00

1,156.29

Revenue Reward Fund

571.10

618.14

Arms Fine Fund

580.00

579.89

Poor Box

73.96

23.16

Total

$63,912.43

$53,658.04.

* 1.

Actual Collections, including normal arrears for previous year.

2. Amount due on 1934 Rent Roll

Amount due on 1935 Rent Roll

Increase

$26,411.78 $26,577.38 $ 165,60

This is accounted for by conversion and sale of N.T. lots during the year.

J 8

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF THE DISTRICT OFFICE FOR LAST TEN YEARS.

Total

*Personal

Emoluments Special

and Other Expenditure.

Charges.

Total Expenditure

of the Department.

Revenue Collected

by the Department.

$

C.

1926

25,946.68

1927

24,646.74

1928

23,111.62

1929

23,776.34

1930

39,410.90

1931

36,282.47

1932

42,073.65§

1933

47,116.63

1934

41,790.00

1935

43,911.09

€

:

:

:

:

:

C.

$ C.

$ c.

25,946.68

40,664.95

24,646.74

42,046.73

23,111.62

39,279.47

23,776.34

40,870.41

39,410.90 46,715.94

36,282.47

51,285.59

42,073.65 56,679.19

47,116.63

41,790.00 63,912.43

62,282.58

43,911.09

53,658.04

* Includes Officers of Cadet and Junior Clerical Services attached

to department.

$ Includes salary, May to November, of Cadet Officer on leave.

J 9

Table IV.

Abstract of Cases under cognisance of the Police Magistrate's Court at District Office, South during the year 1935.

Cases, how disposed of, and the number of Male and Female defendants under each Head.

Classification of Offences.

Total No. of Total No. of Convicted and; Charges. Defendants. Sentenced.

Discharged.

Committed for trial at the Supreme Court

Bound over to, keep the peace

and be of good behaviour.

Bail Estreated.

M. F. J. M. F.

J. M. F

J. M. F. J. M. F. | J.

OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.

(a) Against their Property.

Embezzlement

House Breaking

Larceny by Servant

Larceny from Dwelling House...

Larceny (Simple)

51

Robbery (Armed)

Receiving Stolen Property

H322246

54

52

6

(b)-Against their Person.

Assault (Common)

24

28

10

Adultery

5

3

Murder

Manslaughter

1

OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.

(a)-Against the Crown and Govt.

Dangerous Goods

Opium Offences

Possession of Arms

Revenue Offences

(b) Against Public Justice.

Deportation

(c) Against Public Morals and Police.

Breach of Traffic Regulations

Forgery (Bank-notes)

Gambling Offences

Hawking Offences

Other Offences Stand-stealing

:

Total

[ ~ | |

၈ } }

12

58

28

288

5

5485

13

11

80

49

co

7

6

27

24

2

сл

5

5

LO

5

23

23

12

1

1

10

42

10

16

32

27

147

164

133 12

13

19

13

}

417

527

367 29

49

M. = Male,

F.Female.

}

12

111

1

T

1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1

1111

1181

1

32

T

4

22

3

52

2222

J.Juvenile.

1

Table V.

Return of Punishments awarded in respect of certain Classes of Offences at District Office, South,

during the year 1935.

PUNISHMENTS.

OFFENCES AGAINST INDIVIDUALS.

OFFENCES OF A PUBLIC NATURE.

Number of

Description.

persons

punished.

Against their Against their Property.

Person.

Against the Crown and

Government.

Against Public Justice.

Against Public Morals and

Police.

Other

Offences.

M.F.

J. M. F.

Ꭻ .

M.F. J.

M. | F. | J. M. F J. M.F. J. | M. F.

J.

Fined

Imprisoned in default

Peremptory imprisonment

Bound over to keep peace and to

be of good behaviour

(180 12

N

N

28 3

1

145 9

1

222

1

41

14

CO

64

Co

40

7

co

—

106

27

5

2

1

10

222

3

1

—

12

2

9

1

J

Total

369

25

I

M. - Male,

58

+

22

1-

93

6

CO

F. = Female.

47

3

144

J. =Juvenile.

J 10

}

Classification of Offences.

Table VI.

Return of Juvenile Offenders brought before the Police Magistrate's Court at District Office, South

during the year 1935.

A.-BOYS.

Total No. of

Defendants.

Convicted and Sentenced.

Bound over.

To keep the

Convicted

Discharged

Caned in

Court.

Caned and

Bound over.

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4

Fined,

Imprisoned. peace and be

To come up for

of good

and

Cautioned

Previously

or

Order Made.

Convicted.

judgment.

10

behaviour.

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

(1)—Age under 10.

(2)- -Over 10 and under 12

IN

(3)---Over 12 and under 14. (5)-Over 15 and under 16. B.-GIRLS.

NIL.

(4)-Over 14 and under 15.

J11-

Total

of

Years.

Cases.

Convicted and Punished.

Committed for

trial a

Prison or detained

Discharged.

pending order of His Excellency the Governor.

to answer any

Charge.

Table VII.

Abstract of Cases brought under Cognizance of the Police Magistrate's Court during a period of Five Years.

Suprem

Court.

Cases, How disposed of, and the number of Male and Female Prisoners under each Head.

Committed to

Order to find

Security.

To keep the peace, to be of good

behaviour, and

Did

not

appear

and absconded.

Escaped before being brought

for trial at the

Magistracy.

Escaped.

Punished for

preferring False Charge or giving False Testimony.

Total Number

Uncided.

of Defendants.

1.

2 3 4

5

10

6

CO

7

co

8

9 10

11

12

13

14

15 16

17

18

19

20

21

22

22

32

24

25 26

27

28

88

29

30

31

32

M. F.

J.

M.

F.

J. M.

F J.

M.

F.

Ꭻ .

M.

F. J.

M.

F.

M.

F.

J.

M.

F. M.

F1.

J.

M.

F.

J.

M.

F.

J.

1931.

159

164 15

50

3

ers

1

15

2

2

―

232

20

1932.

125

133

11

39

4

16

1

68

256

16

1933.

276

259

3

97

1

30

48

437

7

1

1934.

521

535 10

3

81

2

CO

3

16

75

1935.

402 367

29

Į

49

1

4

22

19 25

710

12

3

494

33

Total

1,483 1,458 68. 3 316

I

122

11

Average

per

296,6 291.6 13.6 .6 63.2

2.4

2.2

Year.

M.=Male.

}

T

ד

99

8

245

>>

19.8

1.6

4,9

F. =Female.

E

E

TTT

|

I

J. =Juvenile.

1

1

1

F

I

88

3

1

2,129

88

425.8 17.6 .6

J 13-

Table VIII.

SMALL DEBTS COURT.

Cases heard

Writs of Execution

Table IX.

1934.

1935.

62

96

19

50

CORONER'S RETURN FOR THE YEAR 1935.

Number of Burial Orders issued.

Number of Death Enquires held with Jury.

Number of Death

Enquiries held without Jury.

:

Nil.

7

Nil.

Table X.

No. of Sales,

Permits,

Arca

No. of

Headings.

Licences,

etc.

in

Lots.

Acres.

Increase of

Crown

Rent.

Decrease of

Crown

Rent.

Amount of

Premia,

Fees, &c.

C.

99

Conversion

Land Sales for Buildings

Stone Quarry Leases

22

""

Agriculture

10

10

9

18

5

2005

.62

63.00

6.47

7.15

1.00

106.00

4.21

575.00

Permits to occupy Land

8

17.91

Permits to occupy Land (Annual)

108

56.24

Matshed Permits on Crown Land..

683

6.35

Bathing Matshed Permits

189

1.68

Permits for Temporary Structure

on Private Land

213

2.08

Earth and Stone and Sand Permits

316

Forestry Licences

121

12,555.65

Pineapple Licences

324

202.02

Deeds Registration Fees

1,446

Resumption

155

7.36

Re-entries

31

2.53

Surrenders

29

1.44

Miscellaneous Licences

90

Miscellaneous Permits

65

Fish Pond Leases

N&8

÷

...

2

6.48

51.20

C.

Amount

paid for

Resumption

of Land.

Term of

Years.

528.00

75

:

556.24

75

69.05

75

1

129.20

5

364.00

1

833.00

1

4,662.55

1

962.00

1

9,659.60

:

2,512.90

1

606.89

10

1,769.50

34.94

11,790.37

45.00

37.83

161.00

1

280.50

01 ford p

1

5

J 14

J 15

-

Table XI.

LOCAL PUBLIC WORKS 1935.

IMPROVEMENTS AND REPAIRS.

Repairs to path at Cheung Chau

$ 440.00

Repairs to bund at Pui O, Lantau Island

300.00

Paths on Lantau Plateau

100.00.

Road in Cheung Chau European Reservation,

Cheung Chau

235.00

Street repairs at Tai O

600.00

Bridge construction at Po Chu Tam, Tai O

800.00

Street repairs at Hang Hau

400.00

Pigsty at Hang Hau

Un-expended

120.00

5.00

Total

$3,000.00

Appendix K.

REPORT OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL OF POLICE

FOR THE YEAR 1935.

GENERAL.

1. The year 1935 may be described, like 1934, as a quiet year. Although towards the end of the year a few serious crimes attracted public attention, there were no important economic, political or industrial agitations which called for serious Police intervention. The depressed state of trade and industry, men- tioned in the Reports for 1933 and 1934, continued throughout 1935. This state of affairs may be regarded as the cause of the number of cases of serious crime remaining high. The report of the Criminal Investigation Branch (paragraphs 31-35) and Table V give a summary of the figures of serious crime.

2. Special precautions in the form of extra Police patrols and picquets were taken on most of the important anniversaries of Chinese and international political events. All passed off quietly. Very little activity by Communists was manifested.

3. In Musketry and Revolver Courses, First Aid and Life Saving, the good standards set in the past have been well main- tained.

•

4. The most notable event during the year was the celebra- tion of the Silver Jubilee of His late Majesty King George V. The programme received the spontaneous and whole hearted support of every branch of the community. (Please see para- graphs 15-22.)

5. On 8th April, the Hon. Mr. E. D. C. Wolfe, C.M.G., retired on pension, and the Hon. Mr. T. H. King was appointed Inspector General of Police on the 9th April.

SPECIAL EVENTS.

6. Safety First Campaign.-A Safety First Campaign was held from November 18th to November 30th.

7. Preliminary instruction was given to all Regular Duty Police for the week preceding November 18th. A Safety First film was shewn at Police Stations as a part of this instruction.

8. The campaign itself consisted of distribution of pamphlets, instruction by Police to pedestrians and drivers, exhibition of posters, lectures, showing of Safety First films and broadcasting of speeches in English and Chinese.

K 2-

•

9. Theatres showed a large Safety First Film at their per- formances. There are now two copies of this film. One was shewn in Hong Kong and one in Kowloon, each theatre taking the film for one or more days to show at each performance. Safety First slides were also shewn among advertisements in theatres.

10. The small Safety First Film, followed by a lecture, was well received by the public in open spaces at night.

11. School children were marched to theatres in the fore- noons where the Safety First Film was shewn and a iecture given. All schools could not be attended to this year, but this item should receive more attention in future.

12. There are no noticeable results of these campaigns at present, but it is believed that they have influenced younger people and the results will be apparent later on.

13. Valuable assistance was given by all theatre owners and managers, and by a few firms and individuals but a greater measure of public support is required.

14. The campaigns are of value. They require a greater expenditure of money, more organisation, more attractive posters and pamphlets. Intensive and novel efforts among the school and street children should be explored.

15. Silver Jubilee Celebrations.-On May 6th, 7th and 8th, Hong Kong, with the rest of the British Empire, celebrated the 25th anniversary of the Accession to the Throne of His late Majesty King George V.

•

16. The Chinese population entered whole-heartedly into the celebrations and it was estimated that about 200,000 persons visited the Colony to view and/or take part in the festivities. No less than 83,588 persons were recorded as having arrived in the Colony by river steamers and junks at Connaught Road Praya from 1st to 8th May inclusive, and 34,064 were brought to Kowloon by the Kowloon-Canton Railway during the period 4th to 11th May inclusive.

17. Numerous long processions, organized by the Chinese community were held by day and by night, including Dragons, Playing the Lion and Lanterns. Some of these processions took approximately four hours to pass a given point.

18. Huge crowds, unparallelled in the history of the Colony, thronged the streets and various points of vantage to watch the processions, illuminations, firework displays, night flying displays and the military and naval review.

•

K 3

19. Every available member of the Police and Police Reserve was called out for duty to cope with the situation. Monthly leave was stopped over the period and men had to work long hours under trying conditions in controlling traffic and pedes- trians, keeping watch for hostile propaganda, detecting pick- pockets and checking unruly elements.

20. Patience, good temper and tractability were marked characteristics of the crowds and in spite of the discomfort suffered owing to the unavoidable pressure and congestion it is a tribute to the public that no serious accident occurred to mar the period of general festivity and rejoicing.

21. Only six minor traffic accidents were reported. One Chinese youth was arrested for making a seditious speech and was bound over by the Magistrate. There was no untoward·· incident of note.

22. A letter of appreciation for the work done by the Police was received from His Excellency the Governor.

SPECIAL EVENTS (CRIME).

23. Armed Robbery in a Dwelling. On the morning of the 2nd January, a gang of robbers entered the first floor of No. 41 Cheung Sha Wan Road, which was occupied by a contractor and his family. The inmates were bound and gagged and the safe was rifled. Jewellery and money to the total value of $2,430.00 were stolen. The robbers then made their escape. Later, on information, seven men were arrested and property valued at $1,630.00 was recovered. At the March Sessions four of the robbers were sentenced to four years hard labour each, whilst a fifth defendant received two years hard labour. Two defendants were discharged. For excellent work in connection with this case Principal Chinese Detective Shek Tui was awarded the 2nd Class Police Medal.

24. Murder on Fishing Junk. On the night of the 15th January, an unnumbered fishing junk was anchored off Tsing Shan Keuk, Castle Peak. Two brothers, with their wives, were on board asleep when they were aroused and attacked by four men armed with revolvers and daggers. One of the male members of the junk was fatally wounded by chopper blows; the others recovered from their wounds. The next day a Chinese male was arrested on suspicion by Indian P.S. B462 Mohamed Khan, near Castle Peak. On the 2nd February two other men were arrested at Tai O. All three were indicted for Murder and tried at the March Sessions. The first defendant was found guilty of Manslaughter and sentenced to ten years hard labour.. The other two defendants were discharged. I.P.S. B462 was commended by H.E. the Governor for his smart capture.

-K 4-

25. Armed Robbery and Wounding at Sheung Shui.-On the night of the 5th-6th April, the market at Shek Wu, Sheung Shui District, was raided by a gang of some twelve armed men. Many of the houses in the market were visited and ransacked. One woman received a stab wound in the knee. The villagers were robbed of jewellery, money and clothing to the value of $797. Enquiries indicated that this raid was made by robbers from Chinese Territory.

26. Arson. In the early morning of the 24th April, a fire broke out at the Sam Man Towel Manufacturing Company's premises at No. 104 Fuk Wah Street, ground floor, completely gutting the premises. There was no loss of life. Police enquiries were instituted which resulted in the arrest of two Chinese males on a charge of Arson. At the July Sessions they received sentences of seven years Hard Labour and three years Hard Labour respectively. Chinese Detective P.C. C399 Lai Kwong was commended by the Inspector General of Police for his zeal and initiative in the investigation of the case.

27. Forgery of Kowloon Motor Bus Tickets. On the 15th April, systematic raids were carried out by Police on a large number of buses operated by the Kowloon Motor Bus Company. Three houses were also searched. Fifteen arrests were made and two machines for printing tickets, together with a number of forged bus tickets were seized. Charges of Conspiracy, Possession of, and Uttering, forged tickets were preferred. Seven defendants were sentenced to twelve months Hard Labour each, one defendant to six months Hard Labour and four defendants to three months Hard Labour each. Three defendants were dis- charged. Detective Inspector Dorling was commended by the Inspector General of Police for his careful investigation of the

case.

28. Armed Robbery at Ping Shan.-In the early morning of 6th August, six Chinese males, armed with revolvers forced an entry through the roof of House No. 24 Wang Chow Village, Ping Shan District. Five young girls were the only occupants of the house. The premises were ransacked, and money and jewellery to the total value of $2,200 was stolen. No person was injured. Two of the robbers who took part in this outrage were later arrested, but could not be identified. However, one was later sentenced to five years Hard Labour for Robbery at Au Tau, whilst the second defendant died in Gaol awaiting trial.

29. Double Armed Highway Robery at Wo Hop Shek, Main Road. On the 6th October at about 7 p.m., a Chinese school teacher was walking near Wo Hop Shek Village, Sheung Shui District, when he was held up by a Chinese male armed with a revolver and robbed of $61. At approximately the same time, a motor car containing three American residents of the Colony

- K.5

was held up at the same place by five Chinese males armed with revolvers, and robbed of property valued at $61. No person was injured. The robbers made good their escape.

2

30. Highway Robbery and Murder. On the 9th October at 5 p.m., a Shroff of the China Light and Power Company, escorted by an unarmed Indian Watchman, arrived by motor car at the Sub Station, Tai Nam Street, Sham Shui Po, to collect the day's takings and convey it to the Head Office. As they were about to enter the car with the money collected, three Chinese males in the Street suddenly opened fire with revolvers. Another Indian Guard who came to their assistance was shot by the robbers, and died of his injuries. The robbers seized the money, amounting to $2,425, and made their escape by motor

car.

CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION BRANCH.

31. Summary of Crime.-The total number of cases (except summonses) dealt with by the Police during 1935 was 39,373 as against 33,282 in 1934, being an increase of 6,091 or 18%.

32. There were 6,373 serious crimes in 1935 as against 5,549 in 1934, an increase of 824 cases or 14%. There were increases in the following:-

Burglary

Coinage offences

Deportation offences

House & Godown breaking

11 cases.

28

315

""

12

Kidnapping

Larceny......

1 case.

656 cases.

20

26

>>

Larceny on Ship & Wharf

Robbery

Women & Girls Ordinance (offences) 10

The decreases were:

Arms Ordinance (offences against)...

Assault (Serious)

Assault (Intent to Rob)

Embezzlement

Larceny from Dwelling

Murder

Manslaughter

False Pretences

Receiving Stolen Property

Other Serious Offences

8 cases.

14

>>

2

??

11

147

8

??

5

"}

33

"2

14

13

K 6

There were 83 cases of robbery distributed as follows:--

Hong Kong Island

Kowloon

New Territories

22 cases.

31

30

In 1934 there was a total of 59 robbery cases.

33. The following table indicate the number of serious crimes for the whole Colony, 1930-1935.

Value of Value of

Year.

Charge No Charge Total No.

cases.

cases.

of cases.

property

property

stolen. recovered.

1930

3,059

2,625

5,684

$1,426,673) $ 68,175

1931

2,784

2,502

5,286

552,273 85,910

1932

3,234

2,509

5,743

735,065 73,021

1933

3,377

2,253

5,630

764,492 67,469

1934

3,480

2,069

5,549

363,436 50,551

1935

4,322

2,051

6,373

576,203 42,704

34. The following table indicates the number of crimes, classified as Outrages, which have been reported to the Police during the last five years:-

Year Hong Kong Kowloon N.T.N.

N.T.S.

Total

1931

29

41

10

8

88

1932

37

49

15

4

105

1933

30

37

21

6

94

1934

28

43

20

4

95

1935

27

37

34

102

N.B.-"Outrages" include Assault with Intent to Rob, Attempted Murder, Manslaughter, Murder, Piracy, Robbery.

K 7-

35. There were 33,000 minor cases in 1935 as against 27,733 in 1934, an increase of 5,267 or 18%.

PROPERTY REPORTED STOLEN AND PROPERTY RECOVERED.

36. The estimated value of property stolen during the year 1935 was $576,202 as against $363,436 in 1934, an increase of $212,766 or 58%. The average for the last five years is $594,121. The value of property recovered during the year was $42,703 or 7.4% of the property reported stolen, as against $50,551 or 13% of the property stolen in 1934.

-

The increase in the value of property stolen is mostly accounted for in Simple Larcenies (increase $109,232) and Embezzlement (increase $140,697).

LOST PROPERTY.

37. A summary of the number of articles lost and recovered during the year, with their value, is given below:-

Year.

Articles reported

lost.

Value lost.

Articles recovered & Value of

found but not

articles

reported lost.

found.

1934

359

$34,032

138

$ 1,609

1935

362

$27,459

117

$ 1,718

ARMS.

The

38. There were fifty-seven seizures during the year of which forty-two were charge cases and fifteen no charge cases. figures for 1934 were fifty and seventeen respectively.

There were no seizures of note; Table VI gives details of Arms and Ammunition seized during the year.

DANGEROUS GOODS.

39. The following prosecutions were instituted under the Dangerous Goods Ordinance:

Number of cases.

4.

Convictions.

Fines.

4

$160

- K 8 -

GAMBLING.

40. There were 110 successful gambling raids during the year 1935, as against 300 in 1934. There was one case in which no conviction was obtained.

There were 43 successful lottery raids compared with 69 in 1934. Convictions were obtained in all cases.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.

41. The following table shows weights and measures examin- ed during the year:-

Weights and Measures examined.

1935

Correct

Incorrect

Total

Foreign Scales

541

14

555

Chinese Scales

2,297

33

2,330

Yard Measures

84

3

87

Chinese Foot Measures

112

2

114

Total

3,034

~52

*3,086

The following prosecutions were instituted under the Weights and Measures Ordinance:

Number of cases.

Convictions.

26

Fines.

26

> $748

PIRACY.

42. There was one piracy of a ship during the year as com-

pared with one in 1934.

K 9-

on the

The S.S. "Tung Chow", 1263 tons, flying the British flag and owned by the China Navigation Company, while en route from Shanghai to Tientsin via Weiheiwei and Chefoo with 194 passengers-including 70 European school children—and 500 to 600 tons of general cargo, was pirated at 5.55 p.m. 29th January when off Sha-Wie Shan, 75 miles north of Shang- hai, by 10 armed men who had boarded the ship at Shanghai as passengers. The pirates shot and killed one Russian Anti-Piracy Guard, wounded the 2nd Engineer and seized the ship's armoury. They stole money and personal effects from the passengers and crew to the approximate value of $4,000 and five cases contain- ing 250,000 uncompleted $1.00 notes of the Bank of China. The ship was taken to Tsiech Point, Hong Hai Bay, where the pirates left her at 2.30 p.m. on the 1st February, taking the loot ashore by means of a ship's boat and a commandeered junk.

SPECIAL BRANCH.

43. Following the arrest and banishment of leading members of the Hong Kong Communist Party during the latter part of 1934, the movement in Hong Kong collapsed, and throughout the whole of 1935, the Colony was entirely free from organised communism.

Apart from Communist literature sent into the Colony by post, no attempts to spread Communist propaganda in Hong Kong came to notice during 1935.

FINGER PRINT DEPARTMENT.

44. A summary of work executed in this Department for the year 1935 is as follows:

No. of records added to Bureau.

No. of

Year.

slips

No. of slips

No. of slips

No. of returned

searched.

traced.

filed.

Banishees.

1935. 13,264

3,699

15,566

770

8,817:

1934. 20,626

5,357

19,369

433

Decrease 7,362

1,688

3,803

Increase

337

Total number of records on file-140,470.

During the year thirty-one returned banishees were dis- charged owing to the banishment order having been made' on the wrong form of warrant. These persons were later banished on the correct warrant.

- K 10

PHOTOGRAPHIC SUB-DEPARTMENT.

45. The total number of photographs taken of scenes of serious crimes and accidents throughout the year was twenty-

The number of copies of photographs issued was 1,847, made up as follows:

For Criminal Investigation Department

For Police and Supreme Courts

For other Departments

934

547

366

PASSPORT AND REGISTRATION OF PERSONS OFFICE.

46. During the year, sixty-six persons of various nationalities. other than Chinese, were put before the Courts for the following offences:

Vagrancy Stowaways

15

7

44

Passports

The number of destitutes dealt with during the thirty-eight.

year was

47. Registration of Persons.-During the year, 4,972 persons registered with this office, 44 registered persons died, and 4,059 left the Colony. There were 24 convictions for breaches of the Ordinance.

On 31st December, there were approximately 4,870 registered aliens in the Colony.

DEPORTATION OFFICE.

48. Table IV gives the number of persons dealt with by the Deportation Office during the year. A general decrease of 2,871 is shown; this is largely due to the small number of ex-soldiers dealt with-2,244 arrived in 1934 as compared with only 40 in 1935.

MISSING CHILDREN.

49. During the year 226 children under the age of 15 years were reported missing. Of this number 187 have been found. Of the remaining 39 it is estimated that 22 absconded of their own free will, while it is believed 17 were kidnapped.

CENSORSHIP OF CINEMATOGRAPH FILMS.

50. During the year, 5,834 reels and censored at the Hong Kong Preview Studio. were censored before the Appeal Board.

375 trailers were Twenty-eight reels

سم

K 11-

THE NEW TERRITORY.

51. There were no encounters between Police and robbers in the New Territory North during the year.

52. On the 5th January, a gang of robbers from Chinese Territory landed on the coast of Deep Bay in the Au Tau District and carried out a robbery at a hut near a fish pond at Pok Wai (no arrests).

53. On the 23rd June, a gang of robbers from Chinese Territory came up the Un Long Creek by boat and carried out a robbery at a beancurd factory at Tung Tau Village, Au Tau District. Two men were later arrested. One died in Victoria Gaol whilst waiting trial at the Supreme Court and the other was sentenced to five years Hard Labour.

54. On the 1st August, a gang of robbers from Chinese Territory landed on the coast of Deep Bay in the Ping Shan District and carried out a robbery at Wang Chau Village (no arrests).

55. In practically all the remaining cases of Serious Crime in the New Territory the criminals were natives of Chinese Territory.

56. Smugglers (chiefly of sugar and kerosene) from British Territory to Chinese were active during the year.

57. Friendly relations have been maintained with the Chinese Authorities who have co-operated with and offered every assistance to the Hong Kong Police.

58. The Postmaster General opened Sub Offices at Tai Po and Un Long Markets during the month of March, 1935.

59. During September the additional post of Officer-in- Charge, C.I.D., New Territories, was made and a European Detective Inspector appointed.

60. During May water was laid on to Ping Shan Police Station, Ping Shan Land Office and Un Long Market from Hung Shek Kiu, Ping Shan District.

61. Electric light was installed at Lok Ma Chau Police Station on 24th December.

62. Two turrets at Sheung Shui and Au Tau Stations for better protection are in the course of erection and will shortly be completed.

K 12

63. Crime.-Two Murders, seventeen Armed Robberies, four un-armed Robberies, two Highway Robberies, one Kidnap- ping (but escaped from robbers same night).

64. Sickness (Fever).-Sha Tau Kok had a large number of cases, 45 in all, while other stations had only a normal number:

ESTABLISHMENT RETURN.

65. Return showing the Establishment and Casualties in the Force during the year 1985:

Nationality.

Europeans

261

19

N

1

1

8

Indians

776 29

17

18

9

45

Chinese

978

116

4

26

16

54

Water Police ...

255 21

1

10

5

7

.17

Total

2,270

185

12

26

53

33

124

This number includes the Police paid by other Departments, also the Engineers, Coxswains, Stokers and Seamen, but it is exclusive of:

4

8

1

2

1

2

1 3 39. 10 75 156

- K 13-

ACTUAL STRENGTH ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1935.

- It

VAJAZA

Chinese.

Europeans Indians.

*

Total.

Present

235

650

935

1,820

Sick or Absent on

leave

26

84

43

153

Excess over

Estimates

17

17

Vacancies

42

42

Total

261

776

995

2,032*

*Not including Water Police.

CONDUCT.

On

་་

66. The conduct of the European Contingent was good. The total number of reports against them was. 58 as against 88 in 1934.

The conduct of the Indian Contingent was satisfactory. There were 721 reports as against 880 in 1934. .

.

T

The behaviour of the Chinese Contingent (Cantonese) was satisfactory.There were 968 reports as against 1,014 in 1934.

The behaviour of the Chinese Contingent (Wei Hai Wei) was satisfactory. There were 281 reports as against 508 in 1934..

The conduct of the Water Police was very fair. There were 320 reports in 1935 as compared with 224 in 1934.

2

HEALTH.

67. Admissions to hospitals during the past three years are as follows:

236 VEL

1933

1934

1935

Nationality.

Establish-

ment.

Admis- Establish- Admis- Establish-

sion. ment.

sion.

ment.

Admis-

sion.

Europeans

250

136

256

164

261

159

Indians

726

556

741

.617

776

540

Chinese

915

246

950

223

978

322

に

-K 14

The figures for fever among Police in the New Territories during the last four years are:

1932:

1933

! 1934

1935

108 cases.

126

150

21

105.

MUSKETRY COURSES.

68. The following table gives the results of the Musketry Course fired during the year.

F

Last year's revised classification was used, e.g. Marksmen 75%, 1st Class 60%, 2nd Class 50%, and failures less than 50%. of the total possible obtainable.

No. of

Contingent.

Month.

men

fired.

Marksmen.

1st Class..

2nd Class.

Failures.

Results.

Rounds used

(Approx.)

European

Indians

February. January.

215

52

77

63

33333

888

23 7,500

661 88 326 198

49 26,500

Wei Hai Wei ... January. 161 14 72 57

Indian Guards... January. 80 23 36 16.

18 7,000

5 3,000

GREENER GUN COURSES.

69. Greener gun courses were held during the year with the following results.

Results.

No. of

Rounds

Department. Month.

men fired.

Passed. Failed.

used.

Chinese

February.

Water Police... April.

888

58

48

10

290

12

10

2

60

Indian Guards, October.

71

65

6

· 185

Gaol Staff

November.

K 15

REVOLVER COURSES.

70. The following Revolver Courses were fired during the year:

Results.

Contingent.

Month.

No. of persons fired.

Passed! Failed

Rounds used (approx.)

July.

222 including 10 Superintendents.

217

5

5,500

Europeans

October.

230 including 10

Superintendents,

228

2

5,500

November

46.

45

1

1,100

July.

31.

26

5

10

750

Russians

October.

27.

27

700

April.

668.

630

38

16,000

Indians

August.

669.

665

*R

4

16,000

December.

169.

169

4,100

April.

81.

70

il

2,000

Indian Guards

August.

86.

80

Co

2,000

December.

26.

26

600

|

May-June.

612.

591

21

14,800

Cantonese

September

632.

620

12

15,000

December.

192.

190

2

4,500

May-June.

214.

207

7

5,200

Wei Hai Wei

September

245.

236

9

5,900

December

28.

28

670

―

June.

64.

56

8

1,500

Water Police

September

59.

49

10

1,400

December.

38.

35

3

900

NOTE 1.-

-No failures in the first or second Courses refired as in previous years when men who failed initially refired, and a percentage passed on the second try.

NOTE 2.-The 3rd Course was fired by all Contingents who failed to reach a certain standard in the 1st & 2nd Courses (approximately 60%).

K 16

REVOLVER COURSES (Other Departments).

71. The following Courses were fired during the year:-

No. of

Results.

Rounds

Department: Month.

men

fired.

used.

Passed Failed

District

Watchmen ... November.

128

105

23

3,000

European

Revenue

Officers

November. 12

12

300

European

Warders

November.

33333

33

750

Indian

Warders

December.

61

52

9

1,500

European

Officers,

Fire Brigade.. November. 10

10

240

POLICE TRAINING SCHOOL.

72. During the year the following number of recruits were passed out of the School:-

European Police

9

Indian

23

Cantonese

62

22

Wei Hai Wei Police

11

District Watchmen

18

Seamen

12

8

Indian Special Guards

73. Ten promotion examinations were held in 1935.

:

- K 17-

74. Special training was given to thirty Chinese probationary detectives. One hundred and sixty-seven "D" Contingent Anti- Piracy Guards were given "Refresher Courses". Nineteen Indian and Chinese members of the Police Reserve were trained in knowledge of Police Duties and four passed. Nineteen mem- bers of the "E" Contingent transferred to P.T.S. for instruc- tion. Five "E" Constables underwent a course in "English Colloquial" and four qualified. Twenty Wei Hai Wei police were trained in knowledge of Traffic Regulations and nineteen passed.

FIRST AID AND LIFE-SAVING.

75. The following return shows the results of First Aid examinations obtained by various Contingents during the year:-

A. Europeans:-

1. All European Officers have qualified.

2.

One hundred and thirty-two Officers have two

certificates.

B. Indians:

1.

All Indian Officers have qualified.

2. Four hundred and sixteen have two certificates.

3. Teacher Khushi Mohamed (First Aid Instructor)

has qualified for "Medallion".

C. Cantonese.

D.

1. All Cantonese Officers have qualified.

Four hundred and thirty-three have two certificates.

Wei Hai Wei:-

1. All Officers have qualified.

2. Forty-eight have two certificates.

3. Teacher Dou Lun has qualified for "Medallion".

NOTE.-Recruits under training are not included in the above return, although about 90% have qualified. All must qualify before passing out of Police Training School.

•

K 18

76. Instructional classes in Life Saving were held during the Summer with successful results.

The Commodore again kindly granted facilities for practices and tests to be held off Stonecutter's Island.

RESULTS.

Contingent.

Certificate & Bronze Medallion.

European

4

Indian

15

Cantonese

3

Total

22

European

Instructors Certificate.

1

77. The total number of Officers now holding awards for proficiency in Life Saving is:-

Europeans Indians Chinese

Chinese Indian

Police Reserve

Police Reserve

Total

35

71

10

9

6

131

78. Sub-Inspector R. J. Hunt was Instructor to the classes. With the Indian candidates he was ably assisted by Sub- Inspector Ali Mohamed and Lance Sergeant B.535 Baboo Khan.

79. The cost of certificates, badges and affiliation fee amounted to £6. 14. 0., which has been paid from the Police Fine Fund.

Total

Nationality.

- K 19

GUARDS OFFICE.

80. Return showing the Establishment and Casualties during

the year 1935:-

Establishment.

Enlistment.

Death.

Resignation.

Dismissal.

Russian Guards

37+

5

3

1

Indian Special Guards.

961

11

1

6

CO

3

37

2

9

95

Chinese (Wei Hai Wei)

Guards

108

1

2

3

96

Indian Police Watchmen

*

66

2

45

13

2

62

477

Chinese (Cantonese)

Watchmen

8

00

8

2

10

29

90

4

62 17

4 87

734

Includes three attached to the Criminal Investigation Department, Police Headquarters, and an increase of two Lance Sergeants for Messrs. Butter field & Swire's Anti-Piracy Guards.

Interchangeable with and drawn from regular duties, and increased by twelve men for Messrs. Butterfield & Swire's Anti-Piracy Guards.

* No fixed establishment; recruited as required.

81. Anti-Piracy Work. Twenty-six units of Anti-Piracy Guards were supplied to the British India Steam Navigation Company, and twelve units to the Indo-China Steam Navigation Company on the Hong Kong-Singapore run. Twenty-one units were supplied to the Canadian Pacific Steamship Company on the Hong Kong-Shanghai run.

The China Navigation Company retained permanent guards on fourteen vessels between Shanghai, Hong Kong and Singa- pore. This Company retained altogether sixteen full units for this work to enable reliefs to be carried out.

During the annual overhaul of the Canadian Pacific Vessels, the Russian Guards normally employed by the Company were drafted temporarily to the Police Training School for refresher

courses.

Invalidity.

Total Casualties.

Strength on

31.12.1935.

-K 20-

(A unit comprises the Non-Commissioned Officer and six men of a guard.)

82. Conduct.-Russian Contingent: Nine defaulters as against twelve during 1934.

Special Guards: Thirty-two defaulters as against forty- seven during 1934.

Wei Hai Wei Contingent: Sixty-seven defaulters as against forty-eight during 1934.

Police Watchmen: Discipline throughout the year was fair. There were three hundred and twenty-five defaulters as against three hundred and sixty-three during 1934.

MENDICANTS.

83. During the year, 654 mendicants were dealt with by the Police Department, and repatriated at a cost of $463.70.

:

Of this number 259 were charged and convicted in the Courts.

Of the total number repatriated 54 were traced as having been sent away previously.

In addition to the above, 99 persistant beggars were banished from Hong Kong, for ten years.

DEAD BODIES.

84. The following table shows the number of unknown dead bodies found by Police in the streets and elsewhere during the last five years:

Locality.

1931

1932 1933 1934

1935

Victoria

366

382

357

289

214

Kowloon

738

884

881

679

708

Harbour

115

79

47

27

52

Elsewhere

76

82

62

61

64

Total

1,295

1,427

1,347 1,056

1,038

K 21-

Sex.

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

Male

107

40

15

19

4

Adults.

Female

17

13

10

3

2

Unknown

6

1

(Male

664

713

722

564

544

Children. Female

489

614

558

444

444

Unknown

18

41

41

26

44

Total

1,295 1,427 1,347

1,056 1,038

DOGS, HYDROPHOBIA AND RABIES.

85. On account of the prevalence of rabies, the muzzling order was rigidly enforced throughout the year. There was one case of human hydrophobia (from Kowloon) and eight cases of rabies (1 in Hong Kong and 7 on Mainland).

1934.

1935.

Hong Kong New & Kowloon Territory

Total

Hong Kong

New & Kowloon Territory

Total

Dogs licensed

4,066

532 4,598

3,525

689

4,214

Dogs licensed (free).

66

289

355

33

385

418

Dogs impounded

171

4

175

135

9

144

.....

Dogs destroyed

633

559

•

1,192

171

331

502

LICENCES.

86. Table VII shows the number of different licences issued

during the year.

-K 22

TRAFFIC.

87. The following prosecutions were instituted under the Traffic Regulations (Section 3, Ordinance No. 40 of 1912):-

Year.

Prosecu- Convic- With

tions.

tions.

drawn.

Dis- charged.

Remanded.

Total amount of fines.

1935

7,538

7,011

231

283

13

$32,115

1934

8,652

7,856

387

292

117

$38,010

1

MANSLAUGHTER.

1935

1

1934

1

1

88. The total number of persons examined as Motor Drivers. during the year was 1,260 as against 1,139 in the year 1934. The total number of persons passed as Motor Drivers during the year was 1,036 as against 943 in the year 1934.

89. The total number of accidents reported during the year was 2,428 as against 1,867 in the year 1934. The total number. of persons killed was 69 as against 55 in the year 1934.

90. The total number of Public Motor Vehicles examined and passed fit for public use during the year was 4,586 as against 4,165 in the year 1934. The total number of Public Motor Vehicles examined and found unfit for public use during the year was 748 as against 917 in the year 1934.

91. The total number of Commercial Motor Vehicles examin- ed and passed fit for commercial use during the year was 8,506 as against 6,372 in the year 1934. The total number of Com- mercial Motor Vehicles examined and found unfit for commercial use during the year was 1,548 as against 1,847 in the year 1934.

92. The total number of motor driver's licences suspended during the year was 52 as against 178 in the year 1934. The total number of motor driver's licences cancelled during the year was 3 as against 10 in the year 1934.

+

{

K 23

POLICE MOTOR VEHICLES.

93. The number of Police Motor Vehicles is as follows:

Motor Vans (includes 2 motor dog vans)

Motor Cars

Motor Cycles (Dog Cages)

Combinations (Motor Cycles)

Solo Motor Cycles

.....

9

3

1

14

14

94. Table VIII gives a classification of vehicle accidents and their causes.

EMERGENCY UNITS.

95. The Emergency Units in Hong Kong and Kowloon were very active throughout the year.

Calls for the Hong Kong Unit were about the same as last

year, but fees for special duties increased considerably.

Calls for the Kowloon Unit show a decrease from the previous year and fees for special duties show an increase.

Calls. Fees collected.

Hong Kong Unit 1934 Hong Kong Unit 1935

92

$ 5,130

91

$10,101

Kowloon Unit 1934

78

$ 1,372

Kowloon Unit 1935 .

48

$ 2,367

MEDALS.

96. His Excellency the Governor was pleased to award medals and commendations to members of the Force for meri- torious services rendered during the year as under:-

1

2nd Class Medal

4th Class Medals

Commendations

97. The following annexes are appended:-

A. Report of the Water Police.

B. Report of the Police Reserve.

C. Report of the Street Boys' Club.

1

6.

12

D. Report of the Remand Home for Juvenile Offenders

(Boys).

E. Report of the Remand Home for Juvenile Offenders

(Girls).

T. H. KING,

Inspector General of Police.

April 24th, 1936.

-K 24-

Table I.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE 1934 and 1935.

1934.

1935.

Personal Emoluments*

$ 2,225,802

$ 2,030,078

Other Charges.

Ammunition

15,673

7,158

Upkeep of Arms

3,102

1,967

Bedding

5,896

4,450

Burial of Destitute dead

267

255

Cleansing Materials and Washing

426

388

Clothing and Accoutrements

93,655

63,187

Coal for Barracks

9,034

7,268

Conveyance allowances

10,118

10,707

Coolie Hire

3,238

2,623

Disinfectants

2,246

2,096

Expenses of Anti-Piracy Guards

21,595

14,463

Grants to Villages in N.T. in aid of

Village Scout Scheme

480

480

Identification of Criminals

127

105

Incidental Expenses

5,767

5,217

Incidental Expenses, Remand Home

Juvenile Offenders

3,812

5,034

Interpretation fees

390

329

Light and Electric Fans

51,162

50,696

Medals

Mess Utensils

1,747

580

Passages

182,835

81,457

Petrol Oil etc. for Police Motor Cars

and Cycles

7,592

6,048

Photography

3,092

4,027

Rations for Indian Police

57,597

51,692

Rent of Stations and Married Police

Quarters

20,861

26,107

Repairs to Police Motor Cars and

Cycles

5,010

4,659

Rewards

3,495

5,905

Secret Service

13,857

11,579

Small Stores

7,467

6,310

Special Course of Instruction

643

858

Subsistence of Prisoners

3,606

3,860

Telegrams and long distance telephone.

calls

Transport

840 14,947

944

14,915

$ 550,577 $ 395,364

* Includes Officers of Cadet, S.C. & A., & J.C. Services.

K 25

Table I,-Continued.

Special Expenditure.

Traffic Lights

60 pairs Handcuffs

Safety First Campaign

Spare parts for 3 Pdr. Guns

1934.

1935.

6,780

1,184

1,142

20

Police Telephone Pillar

Polishing Equipment

387

Musketry Equipment

317

}

50 .38 Long Revolvers

2,726

50 38 Short Revolvers

2,868

1,919

2 Dog Cage Vans

5,570

2 Motor Cycle Combinations

2,678

1,645

2 Solo Motor Cycles

2,378

2 Steel Filing Cabinets

230

Revision of Police Regulations

1,800

4,900

1 Gestetner Duplicator

851

Wireless for Mobile Police

Registration Office Equipment

4,605

:

Total Special Expenditure

Total Police Department

$

31,670

$ 10,330

.$ 2,808,049 $ 2,435,772

K 26

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE 1934 and 1935.

HEAD OF REVENUE COLLECTED BY POLICE DEPARTMENT.

1934.

1935.

Duties.

Motor Spirit

.$

4,025 $ 4,816

Licences and Internal Revenue.

Auctioneers Licences

1,850

1,800

Arms Licences

28,300

25.110

Billiard Table Licences

900

800

Dangerous Goods Licences

15,632

16,405

Dogs Licences

18,285

16,685

Forfeitures

3,267

2,259

Game Licences

5,450

4,875

Hawkers' Licences

101,087

97,754

Liquor Licences, N.T.

6,675

2,325

Marine Store Dealers' Licences

13,320

10,890

Miscellaneous Licences

3,790

6,235

Money Changers' Licences

16.475

15,555

Pawnbroker Licences

198,250

164,043

Special Licensing Fees, Foreign

Registration

28,333

30,447

Theatrical Licences

4,017

4,819

Vehicle, Motor Licences

178,794

185,647

Vehicle, Motor Drivers Licences

41,532

46,131

Vehicle, Other Licences

48.749

46,888

Vehicle, Other Drivers Licences

2,294

2,212

Fees of Court or Office &c.

Blake Pier Tickets

327

361

Contributions for Anti-Piracy Escorts.

103,540

100,306

Film Censoring Fees

5,585

6,020

Miscellaneous Fees

10,008

9,558

Motor Ambulance Fees

8,805

7,890

Official Signature Fees

6,930

6,655

Police and other Stores

3,184

2,378

Police Services

20,590

21,810

Sick Stoppages from Police Force

2,807

3,170

Watchmen's Ordinance

11,553

11,062

Miscellaneous Receipts.

Condemned Stores, &c.

2,885

929

Other Miscellaneous Receipts

3,818

2,766

Overpayments in previous years

2,201

2,028

$ 903,258

$ 860,629

- K 27

Table III.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF POLICE

DEPARTMENT FOR LAST TEN YEARS.

*Personal Emoluments

Year.

and other Charges.

Special Expenditure.

Total

Total

Expenditure.

Revenue.

1926

1,746,396

96,905

1,843,301

374,549

1927

1,848,626

26,839

1,875,465

393,557

1928

1,994,940

110,899

2,105,839

448,772

1929

2,027,717

57,247

2,084,964

463,148

1930

2,714,291

38,404

2,752,695

487,169

1931

2,950,698

13,921

2,964,619

613,883

1932

2,684,983

27,255

2,712,239

706,387

1933

2,813,617

22,915

2 836,532

697,684

1934

2,776,379

31,670

2,808,049

903,258

1935 2,425,442

10,330

2,435,772

860,629

*Includes Officers of Cadet, S.C. & A., & J.C., Services

attached to Department.

I

1934

1935

Increase

Decrease

C

1

Year.

Hong Kong

Deportees.

Gaol Discharges.

Table IV.

DEPORTATION OFFICE ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR, 1935.

Singapore Deportees.

Sarawak

Singapore Vagrants.

4,451 1,054

4,727

607

122

6

276

122

1,183

555

64

2

5

· N

1

1

888

I

3

654

54

665

1

980

Dutch East Indies &

Deli Undesirables.

Rangoon Deportees.

Mauritius Deportees.

Sandakan Deportees.

Ocean Island

Deportees.

Asiatic Petroleum

Co. Labourers.

Hong Kong

Mendicants.

Persons sent away by

order of the Court.

Hong Kong Police

Supervisees.

447. 113

628

889

""

Total number of persons dealt with in 1934

,,

54

7

1

58

2

24

3

11

1

2,204

General decrease during the year 1935

13,217

*

1935

10,346

2,871

Ex-Soldiers of 19th

Route Army.

2,244

40

www.c

K 28

MINOR OFFENCES.

- K.30

Table V

B-MINOR OFFENCES..

$

YEARLY RETURN OF CRIME FOR THE WHOLE COLONY FOR THE YEAR OF 1935

1934.

Charge Cases.

Cases without

charge.

Total Cases.

1935.

PERSONS

CONVICTED.

Charge Cases.

Cases without charge.

Total Cases.

% Charge cases to total.

Europeans.

Indians.

PERSONS

VALUE OF

VALUE OF

DISCHARGED.

Chinese.

Europeans.

Indians.

Chinese.

PROPERTY PROPERTY

STOLEN.

RECOVERED

€9

3

C.

Assault

Damage to Property Dangerous Goods Drunkenness...................

487

**487

738

23

23

16

31

31

40

...

...

14

14

8.

Forestry Offences.

390

390

396

738

16

40

8

396

Gambling

455

455

· 210

210

...

...

Hawking Offences

16,030

16,030

28,567|

23,567

Lottery: Offences

817

317

214

214

Mendicants

533

533

642

642

Merchant Shipping Ordinance

605

605

586

586

...

Morphine

128

128

335

335

:

...

Nuisances

942

942

783

733

Opium

2,226

2,226

1,324|

1,324

Revenue

1,201

1,201

853

Rogue and Vagabond

144

144

140

Stowaways

20

20

12

853

140

12

134

...

&

Unlawful Possession

309

309

238

Vagrants

18

18

23

..་-

Vehicle and Traffic

1,477

1,477

1,848

Women and Girls

1,107

1,107

868

Other Miscellaneous Offences

∙1,276|

1,276| 709

238

23

1,848

868

709

...

:

202

18

8

...

1,299

885

1,214

87

16

.5

46

1

CO

1

1

458

12

1,502

49

23,035

583

223

7

635!

...

33

1

1,059

31

312

42

1

738

...

48

1,461

N

80

871

37

18

48

:

7

::

50

12

1

72

...

22

20

- 760

GT

N

74

520 Total:

27,783

27,783 83,000

88,000

113

29 84,859

4

Grand Total

81,212

2,070 88,282 87,322

2,051 39,373)

125

:

3539,201

ས

2. 1,217

4 1,580 576,202.86) 42,703.82

*

?

SERIOUS OFFENCES.

-K 29-

Table V.

A. SERIOUS OFFENCES.

YEARLY RETURN OF CRIME FOR THE WHOLE COLONY FOR THE YEAR OF 1935

1984.

Charge Cases.

Cases without charge.

Total Cases.

:

.༅

101 42% 64 100%

93

78 87%

:

2

Charge Cases.

Cases without charge.

Total Cases.

1935.

% Charge cases to total.

Europeans.

Indians.

Chinese.

Europeans.

Indians.

Chinese.

PERSONS CONVICTED.

PERSONS DISCHARGED.

Arms

77

9

86

68

10

Assault (Serious)

32

13

45

28

3

31 93%

Assault with intent to rob

.2

2

:

:

Burglary

31

.59

90

43

· 58

Coinage Offences.

36

36

64

Deportation

436

436

751

Embezzlement

16

House and Godown breaking

73

953

42

58

13

34

.751 100% 47 27%

67

140

70

82

152 46%

Intimidation and Extortion

6

6

6

.6 100%

Kidnapping

10

10

11

11 100%

Larceny

2,229

1,362

3,591

2,788

1,459

4,247 65%

Larceny from Dwelling house

77

367

444

76

221

Larceny on Ships and Wharf

65

54

119

63

76

Manslaughter

7

4

11

2

Murder

5

17

22

7

Murder (attempted)

Obtaining by False Pretences

115

Receiving

159

:

:

:

21

136

83

201

159

145

297 25%

139

459%

6 66% 14 50%

103-80% 145 100%

Robbery .....

22

35

57

19

64

83 22%

Women and Girls

4

14

14 100%

:

...

Other Serious Offences

77

20

97

69

15

84 82%

Total.....

3,479 2,070 5,549

4,322 2,051 6,373

VALUE OF VALUE OF PROPERTY PROPERTY STOLEN. RECOVERED

*A

$

C.

€

C.

74

14

3

23

3

Jamal

1

50

65

13

2

724

24

12

:

3

80

:

5

16

3

2

2 2,819

2

3 10,005.08. 1,359.08

1 220,772.11

4,706.00

4 12,809.17) 1,668.50

2 189 243,032.91 22,148.46

1

1

78

:.

68

1

1

6

*

1 49,693.47

8,335.24

6

7,626.52 1,354:50

1

N

::

84

125

28

11 2,602.00

13 2,820.00 282.77

32

2 18,438.91 2,836.27

16

68 1

12:

6. 4,342

3

2

·N

1

40 8,402.69 13.00,

363 576,202.86 42,703.82

}

¡

Table VI.

ARMS AND AMMUNITION SEIZED AND CONFISCATED DURING 1935.

In Store on 31.12.35.

Description of Arms.

Arms seized.

Origin.

Ammunition

seized.

Origin.

Arms.

Ammunition.

- K 31

Winchester Rifles

2

American.

Nil.

4

Rifles (various)

18

Unknown.

2,317

Unknown.

41

4

American.

527

American,

9,557

rounds.

Shot Guns

50

American.

...

6

Unknown.

17

Unknown.

3

German Rifles

Nil.

Nil.

...

Mauser Pistols

1

German,

94

German.

ශු:

87

10,470

1

American.

Auto Pistols

2

German,

123

11

Unknown.

· 47

ཚོང

39

American.

German.

42,535

""

Unknown.

21

2

42

American.

58

American.

Spanish.

53

Belgian.

Revolvers (various).

1

British.

372

Unknown.

7,299

32

Unknown.

38

Lugar Pistols

Nil.

Nil.

85

16,832

Thompson Sub-Machine Gun ..

Nil.

Nil.

Nil.

""

...

...

Lewis Gun, Savage

Nil.

Nil.

Nil.

- K 32

Table VII.

The following table shows the number of licences issued during the years 1934 and 1935:

1934.

1935.

Arms

C.

Arms Dealers

Auctioneers

1,550

8

3

3

Auctioneers (Temporary) .................

Billiard Tables and Bowling Alleys...

Conductors

Dance Halls

Dance Halls (Temporary)

2

3

391

5

.4

Dangerous Goods

...

1,133

1,259

Game

208

217

Hawkers

14,080

15,692

Marine Stores

36

30

Massage Establishments

19

Money Changers

162

144

Motor Cars (Livery)

538

525

Motor Cars (Private)

2,846

3,078

Motor Vans and Lorries

729

877

Motor Car International Permits

Motor Drivers (Cars and Cycles)

Motor Drivers (International)

4

6,992

7,358

137

...

Motor Cycles

367

313

Pawnbrokers

79

67

Places of Public Entertainment

76

Poisons

107

116

Printing Presses

257

Printing Press Dealers

7.

Private Chairs

50

49

Private Jinrickshas

493

424

Public Chairs

408

296

Public Jinrickshas

1,107.

1,026

Tricycles

595

797

Trucks

88.

13

Vehicle Drivers and Bearers

11,395

8,347

Cause of Accident.

88

Table VIII.

CLASSIFIED TABLE OF CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS LEADING TO THE INJURY OF PEDESTRIANS OR PASSENGERS IN VEHICLES.

Motor Buses.

Private Cars.

Public Cars.

Motor Lorries.

'Tram Cars.

Motor Cycles.

Pedal Cycles.

Hand Trucks.

Rickshaws.

Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloor Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Kowloon F.N.F. F. N.F. | F. N.F. | F. | N.F. F. N.F. F.N.F.

Totals.

Hong Kong

& Kowloon.

F.N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F.

F. | N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F. F. N.F.

F.N.F. F. N.F.

F. N.F.

F.N.F.

Fatal. Non-Fatal.

Walking or running in front of a moving vehicle

1

18

12

2

120

3

34

Co

3

34

4

ແລ

5

42

1 22

8 28.

Leaving or boarding a moving vehicle

1

35

3

53

I

6

5

39

14

3

40

3 22

13

1 5

14

14

1

}

I

I

2

9

Stepping off footway

Passing behind a moving vehicle

Falling from a vehicle

Running across streets

Playing games on streets

܂

Passengers on vehicle injured in accident

Drivers of vehicle injured in accident

Other Causes

I

1

12

12

|

2

CX

5

1 2

10

5

4

1

1

1

96

2

~

34

2

33333

1

1

1

1

11

*

|

|

+3

$1

$1

*2

284 9108 6

Total accidents involving in- juries

་ ་

4

82

4 83. 7

Total accidents (fatal, invol-

ving injury and without injury)

301

911

4

I

I

T

I

5

1

1

22

3

12

30.

1 15

J

1

I

ET

1

I

2

I

1

35

85

1 19 13 116

7

235

626

C

1.

f

76

176

14

1

1

}

"62

10 1 11

I

I

cr

5

I

19

1 32

2

9

I

2

1

11

2

5

3

3

GO

―

+

1

2

11

3

Co

}

I

5

1

1

25

392

9

125

1

5

142

1

21

7

40

1

14

267

1

10

4

1

12

7

1 29

1 37

13

1

133

I

333333

I

TO CARE

I

I

85

1

60 29 1

2

95

79

T

41

1

3

116

1

6

24

―

4

69

1,160

172

2

17

2,428

+ Two private motor cars mounted footpath, one injuring 2 Chinese females and the other one: Chinese female.

* A public motor car mounted footpath, injuring Chinese cobbler, and another one injured a Chinese male sitting on the footpath with his legs stretching out on the roadway.

§ A private motor car mounted footpath, killing a Chinese male and injuring another one.

:

:

K 34

Annexe A.

REPORT OF THE WATER POLICE.

The following return shows the Establishment and casualties of the Water Police during the year 1935:-

GULAR ARVING C

کوڈ

Establishment.

Enlistments.

Deaths.

Resignations through sickness.

Resignations through expiry of

terms of service or otherwise.

Dismissals or Desertions.

Total number

of Casualties.

Nationality.

Chinese

255

1227

i

H.

10

5

4

7

17

CONDUCT.

2. The conduct of the Chinese Staff of the Water Police was fairly good. There were 320 defaulters in 1935 as compared with 224 defaulters in 1934.

There were 108 men against whom no defaulter reports were made during 1935.

ACCIDENTS.

3. There were eleven accidents involving Police Launches during 1935, as compared with ten in 1934. Three of these were, however, very slight, damage being negligible.

As a result of enquiries held by the Harbour Master, three coxswains were dealt with departmentally. In two cases, it was found the accidents were due to "Error of judgment, not amounting to negligence" and in six cases the Water Police officers were free from blame.

?

CRUISING Launches.

4. During the year, Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 Launches underwent survey and annual overhaul. No. 1 Launch is very old and is to be replaced during 1936 by a new No. 1 now building. The new launch will have wireless and a 3 pounder gun and should add to the efficiency of the cruising launch fleet.

$

Hot yold

& TON TOU

arjoja

$3

5

132

ST

10

770

K 35

HARBOUR LAUNCHES.

་

5. The Harbour Launches Nos. 5, 6, 8 and 14 are in a satisfactory condition, and are all fitted with searchlights. Nos. 7 and 9 Launches are not fitted with searchlights, both these launches are showing signs of old age. No. 9 Launch will be replaced early in 1936 by a new No. 9 Launch fitted with a searchlight, now building.

MOTOR BOATS.

6. Nos. 10, 11 and 12 Motor Boats are in good order and perform useful duties.

No. 15 Motor Boat is performing useful duty at Sai Kung.

A new Diesel Motor Boat was supplied to Tai O Station and is proving very useful. This is No. 16.

MUSKETRY.

7. A half-yearly Machine Gun Course was held on the four Cruising Launches.

Nos. 2, 3 and 4 Launches fired one 3 pounder Gun Course. Good results were obtained in these courses.

Greener Guns and Winchester Rifles are supplied to Cruising Launches and the crews are trained regularly in the use of these arms.

- K 36

Annexe B.

REPORT OF THE HONG KONG POLICE RESERVE.

1. The organisation of the Hong Kong Police Reserve has been maintained throughout the year on the same basis as before.

2. Strength. The total strength of the Force shows an increase of 19 members, relative figures are appended hereto for purposes of comparison:-

Chinese Company

1934.

1935.

91

99

Indian Company

66

71

Flying Squad

27

28

Emergency Unit Reserve

26

31

Total

210

229

Ten resignations were received and accepted during the year; one member was struck off the strength; one member was dismissed; one member died-total casualties 13. The number of new members enlisted was 32.

3. The Riot Van has been used during the year in con- nection with Special patrol work, in practice search patrols, in riot drills, and in general training; it has also been loaned to the Regular Police for over 4 months of the year.

4. Commendations were awarded during the year as

follows:

Chinese Company.-P.C. R18 Leung Yau To-Commenda-

tion and commended service bar.

P.C. R54 Shek Pui Tim-Commendation and commend-

ed service bar.

Indian Company.-P.C. R228 Ilam Din-Commendation and

commended service bar.

P.C. R208 Mohamed Khan-Commendation and com-

mended service bar.

P.C. R246 Mohamed Usual Khan-Commendation.

P.C. R208 Mohamed Khan-Commendation.

1

7

:

K 37

—

Flying Squad.-P.S. R333 A.W. Mooney-Commendation

and commended service bar.

Emergency Unit Reserve.-Inspector (R) W. V. Field---

Commendation.

L.S. R419 A. J. Raptis-Commendation.

5. Training.-Training has been continued on lines similar to those of previous years; the attendance during the year has improved; and general keenness has been maintained amongst members.

6. Special Training:—1ST AID.-Instruction in First Aid has been given to members of the Indian Company.

Search Patrols, Riot Drills and Defendu.-Instruction in Search Patrols, Riot Drills, and Defendu have been given to members of the Emergency Unit Reserve.

Harbour Patrol Course.-Six members of the Chinese Com- pany qualified in all tests for the Harbour Patrol Course. This course was conducted by European Water Police Officers in charge of Police Launches inside the Harbour Limits.

Coastal Navigation.-Three members of the Chinese Com- pany qualified in all tests for the Coastal Navigation Course. This course is conducted by the European Water Police Officers in charge of Police Launches outside the Harbour Limits.

7. Duties. Duties were performed from time to time as auxiliary to the Regular Police, and Contingents were supplied on several ceremonial occasions. Numerous duties were performed by all Units during the Jubilee Celebrations, and further assistance was rendered by the Reserve during the "Safety First" Campaign. During the two weeks preceding the Chinese New Year, both the Emergency Unit Reserve and Flying Squad maintained regular patrols at night in various Districts in the Colony.

}

- K 38

Annexe C.

ANNUAL REPORT OF STREET BOYS' CLUB.

1. The total membership at the end of December, 1935, was twenty. Six of these members are studying and training for trades in the Aberdeen Industrial School, having been transferred there from St. Louis Industrial School on 1st April, 1935. Of the remainder, one is a Police Messenger, one who is dumb is caretaker of the Club premises, three are employed as servants at No. 7 Police Station, seven are in other various forms of employment, and two who are unemployed are being kept by relatives.

:

2. During the year, six members resigned, two absconded, two were dismissed for misconduct, and one was returned to the care of the Society for the Protection of Children.

3. Sixteen new members joined the Club during the year.

4. Mr. Chau Kai Chiu, who was appointed supervisor of the Club in January 1934, continues to take a keen interest in the boys. He held three educational classes weekly and under his coaching, the boys have become very keen on sport.

:

5. In February, 1935, those members who were able to ride bicycles were conducted by Mr. Chau Kai Chiu on a trip round the Island. A halt was made at Stanley Police Station for food and rest.

In December, 1935, a similar trip was made round the New Territories. The party halted for food and rest at Au Tau Police Station.

6. During the summer months, by kind permission of the officials of the Chinese Y.M.C.A., the boys were taken twice per week to the Y.M.C.A. bathing beach at Quarry Bay for swimming classes.

At the end of the season, seven boys were able to swim.

7. Through the kind offices of the Directorate, games, drill and gymnastic classes were held at the Chinese Y.M.C.A. every Tuesday and Thursday evening, except during the swimming season (16th May to 30th September, 1935).

8. On 4th April, Sir H. L. Dowbiggin, Inspector General of Police, Ceylon, who was on a visit to the Colony, visited the Club and showed an interest in the welfare of the Club and its members.

-K 39

During the year, Mr. Burlingham as I.G.P., Mr. Perdue D.I.G.P., Mr. Sparrow A.S.P. (H.K.), and Mr. Major A.D.C.I. (S.B.) paid periodical visits to the Club.

Also during the year, Mr. Ho Chung U, Juvenile Probation Officer, paid frequent visits to the Club and interested himself in the work of the boys.

9. During the year, gifts of cake and fruit were received from ladies of the Colony who maintain an interest in the Club.

In July, the Hong Kong Football Association kindly presented two footballs to the boys.

Gifts of handkerchiefs, soap, mirrors and toys were also received from the Police Magistrates.

The gifts were greatly appreciated by the boys.

10. In October, the Hon. Mr. T. N. Chau very generously donated $500 to the funds of the Club.

This generous gift came at a time when it was very much needed, and was further proof of the donor's constant interest in the Club.

11. During May and June the Club premises were com- pletely overhauled and repaired and are now in good condition.

12. Only $6.00 was received during the year for the Savings Account. The boys show regrettable lack of interest in saving part of their earnings.

1

}

- K 40

Annexe D.

REMAND HOME FOR JUVENILE OFFENDERS (Boys).

During the year, 1,864 boys were sent into the Remand Home for the offences enumerated below:

Offence.

Arrested. to

Sentenced Otherwise

dealt Detention. `with.

Hawking

1,293

114

1,179

Larceny

208

60

148

Tobacco (Smuggling)

45

11

34

Opium and Heroin Pills

40

2

38

Trade no licence ...

95

6

89

Breach of Traffic Regulations

16

1

15

Gambling and Po Piu Lottery

Tickets

17

1

16

Assaults

14

...

14

Wine Smuggling

2

Forged Notes

...

4

Unlawful Possession

1

2

Begging ...

12

12

Destitute and Wandering

Playing Football on the street

Burglary, Housebreaking and

5

5

11

11

Storebreaking

9

3

Firing Crackers

1

1

Disorderly Conduct

5

.5

Playing Shuttlecock

on

the

street

3

3

Breach of Children's Play-

grounds

2

N

Soliciting for Prostitution

Breach of Yaumati Ferry Re-

gulations

1

::

2

1

4

...

Breach of Bond

1

1

Breach of Forestry Regulations

5

5

Trespassing

3

....

Receiving stolen property

6

3

3

Enquiries

43

43

Noises at night

5

5

False Pretences

1

1

Obstructing the Police

1

Obstruction

::

Breach of Deportation Order

Unlawful Pawning

Obeying call of nature on the

street

Soliciting for Passengers

2

1

:..

3

1

00 -

3

1

Total

1,864

205

1,659

:

-K4-

2. Of the above, 118 boys were dealt with as adults. Of the 205 boys sentenced to Detention, two of the boys paid their fines before finishing their sentences. One boy was transferred to Victoria Gaol.

3. During the year Sir Herbert Dowbiggin, Inspector General of Police, Ceylon, Captain Wahl of the Shanghai Prisons and Mr. Schofield, Police Magistrate, visited the Home.

4. Mr. Cheung Lo Kau of the Chinese Y.M.C.A. visits the Home on Wednesdays and gives religious instruction to the boys. The two Probation Officers also give one hour's instruction each week.

5. The general conduct of the boys was good, except that in July several of the older boys tried to upset the discipline of the Home, because two boys were punished for smoking in the dormitories.

6. Seventy-five boys were instructed in rattan work during the year-boys with two months detention and over. There is a Rattan Work Instructor on the staff of the Home.

7. Parents and relatives of boys were allowed to visit them on Sundays from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. On account of these visits boys now entering the Home are more ready to give full particulars concerning their parents. When the Home first opened boys would refuse to give these particulars.

8. Thirty boys were admitted to the Government Civil Hospital during the year. The boys are put in a general ward and have no Police escort over them. Only one ran away from the hospital. The Doctor visited the Home once a week, and oftener when necessary. 59 boys were treated for Scabies at the Home, and others were also treated for minor ailments.

9. One Chinese boy while on escort from Kowloon Court, escaped, but was later re-arrested. There was no escape from the Home during the year.

10. There is a staff of 1 Chinese Lance Sergeant and 9 Constables at the Home. They escort the boys to and from the Courts, and when not so engaged look after the boys in the Home and help to teach in the School. All these Police have long service and their conduct during the year was good.

11. Sixteen Chinese boys were sent to the Aberdeen Industrial School. One of them ran away and was sent back to the Reinand Home for a short time. He was then sent back to the Aberdeen Industrial School by the Magistrate.

K 42-

12. Many boys were remanded by the Magistrates for enquiries by the Probation Officers. Ninety per cent. of the cases where boys said they had no relatives in the Colony, were found to be false.

13. The Probation Officers are mainly engaged in making enquiries about boys on remand, and in visiting boys on probation. The Probation Officers make their reports personally to the Magistrates in charge of the Juvenile Courts.

Annexe E.

REMAND HOME FOR JUVENILE OFFENDERS (GIRLs).

618 Girl Juvenile Offenders were admitted to the Home during the year for the following offences:-

Hawking Mendicancy

In possession of Po Pui Lottery Tickets

In possession of Raw Opium

In possession of Prepared Opium

In possession of Dutiable Tobacco

In possession of Heroin Pills

In possession of Dutiable Liquor Forestry Offences

Assault

Uttering Forged Notes

... 560

5

5

15

1

2

6

3

11

1

1

3

Committing a nuisance

Larceny

Total

618

Of this number, 58 were ordered Detention by the Magistrate for the following offences:

Hawking

50

In possession of Raw Opium

4

In possession of Heroin Pills

1

In possession of Po Pui Lottery Tickets Larceny

1

2

Total

58

2. Two girls were admitted to Hospital during the year- one Tuberculosis, one suspected Diptheria. A very large percentage of the "Hawkers" when admitted needed to be isolated owing to skin disease. Doctor (Mrs.) Nash visited the Home weekly, and at other times as required.

K 43

REPORT OF THE CHIEF OFFICER, HONG KONG FIRE BRIGADE FOR THE YEAR 1935.

EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE.

The expenditure of the Fire Brigade for the year 1935 was $265,832.15 including special expenditure amounting to $10,477.17 as against $328,282.13 including special expenditure amounting to $54,130.56 in 1934.

2... The revenue of the Brigade for the year amounted to $9,048.00 derived from the following sources :

$8,805.00 for 1934, a decrease of 10.39%.

Motor Ambulance Service

Theatre and Special duties

$7,890.00 as against

$1,158.00 as against

$1,340.50 for 1934, a decrease of 13.62%

ESTABLISHMENT RETURN.

3. Return showing the Establishment and Casualties in the Brigade during the year 1935:-

Establishment

of the Brigade.

Enlistments.

Deaths.

Resignations.

Invalided.

Dismissals or Desertions.

Total Number

of Casualties.

Europeans

12

:

:

:

Chinese

243 26

2 6

6 8 22

Total

255 26 2 6 6 8 22

- K 44

—

This number includes all ranks but it is exclusive of the following Floating Staff:

Coxswains.

Engineers.

Stokers.

Seamen.

6

10

8

16

ACTUAL STRENGTH ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1935.

Europeans.

Chinese.

Total.

Present

10

230

240

Sick or Absent on

leave

7

9

Vacancies

5

5

Total

12

242

254*

* Not including Floating staff.

STATIONS AND EQUIPMENT.

4. The work in connection with the erection of the new Sub Fire Station at Sham Shui Po was sufficiently near completion to allow of its being opened on the 1st February 1935.

The opening of this Station and the transfer thereto of a Staff of one Chinese Sub Officer and 13 men thus established a Fire Station in a district which has developed considerably in recent years.

The transfer of men and vehicles relieved congestion at the Tsim Sha Tsui and Mong Kok Fire Stations.

5. The two American La France motor fire engines (i.e. Nos. 4 and 15) which were supplied in 1919 became so much worn that it was uneconomical to maintain them longer. They were sold during the year.

One, No. 15, was actually replaced by the new "Dennis" motor fire engine supplied in 1934, while provision has been made in the 1936 Estimates for another new "Dennis" motor fire engine to replace the old No. 4 appliance.

Two new 14 H.P. "Morris" chassis, fitted by the Kowloon Canton Railway Workshops with ambulance bodies, for the removal of destitutes (including mendicants) were supplied to the Brigade in June 1935. This service had previously been performed by employees of the Urban Council, with hand- wheeled ambulances. The supply of these motor vehicles has facilitated the centralization of ambulance work.

:

- K 45

A new Motor Ambulance, to replace one worn out, was ordered during the year and will be supplied early in 1936.

6. All vehicles and fire floats were satisfactorily overhauled during the year. All appliances and equipment were examined and tested every month.

7. The numbers of both Pedestal and Underground hydrants were increased by 28 in each case during the year; the total number of hydrants now being 1,441 viz:-

Pedestal hydrants:

Hong Kong (including Peak) Kowloon

Underground hydrants:

Hong Kong (including Peak)

Kowloon (including New Territories)

Total

All were regularly inspected every quarter.

FIRES, LOSS OF LIFE AND RESCUE.

·

187

146

716

392

1,441

One

8. Fatalities at fires amounted to twelve in all. woman lost her life as a result of jumping into the street at a fire in Belcher Street, Kennedy Town, on the 25th February. Ten persons lost their lives as a result of the disastrous fire which occurred on a cargo junk laden with petrol and oil in Tsun Wan Bay, New Territories, on the 11th May. One man was burned to death before the arrival of the Brigade at a fire in a paper-dyeing factory in Mong Kok on the 19th August.

•

•

9. One man lost his life as a result of a landslide on 16th July at Government Quarry, Tsat Tse Mui.

10. Five persons were rescued from a fire in Belcher Street, Kennedy Town, on the 25th February while one person was extricated alive from a landslide which occurred in Quarry Bay on the 16th July.

CALLS.

11. The number of calls received during the year totalled 139; actual fires 97, chimney fires 26, collapses 2, and false alarms 14. Compared with the previous year (1934) there was a decrease of 56 calls. Twenty-eight were received by fire. alarms, ninety-two by telephone, seven from Police and twelve ́from messengers.

K 46-

ره

12. Of the false alarms, two were maliciously given, seven

▾

were given with good intent, and five were due to electrical faults.

THEATRE AND OTHER DUTIES.

13. Duties performed by members of the Brigade at public and private entertainments during the year totalled 525 comprising altogether 3,584 hours.

FIRE INSPECTION WORK,

14. The following inspections were made by officers of the Brigade and reported upon during the year:-

Theatres and Cinemas

Boarding Houses

Factories and Workshops

Garages

294

162

361

233

Licensed Premises (Liquor licences)

Eating Houses

69

39

Timber and Firewood Storages

Buildings (Government and Public)

31

90

High and Low Flash Inflammable Liquid Stores

281

Petrol Pumps

129

Kerosine Stores in shops

736

Dangerous Goods Storages

343

Offensive Trades

Fireworks Storages

Neon Light Advertising Signs

Vernacular Schools

Dance Halls and Academies Fire Service Installations

Miscellaneous Inspections

5

290

183

731

18

805

155

Total

4,955

The number of inspections carried out each month is shewn in Table IV.

15. Sixteen private fire-hydrant services were installed in various premises during the year. There are now 238 such installations in the Colony. These are inspected and tested twice a year..

16. Five Automatic Sprinkler Installations were installed during the year. There are now sixteen such installations in the Colony. The Brigade tests and reports on these installations twice a year.

- K 47

17. 355 Chemical Fire Extinguishers located in various Government buildings were tested and recharged by the Brigade during the year.

18. The total number of Dangerous Goods licences in force at the end of the year was 1,086 (fees $11,705.00) as against 1,026 licences (fees $11,490.00) for 1934.

19. Eight prosecutions, resulting in fines amounting to $490.00 were undertaken by the Brigade during the year for contraventions of various Ordinances providing for safety against

fire.

AMBULANCE SERVICE.

20. The ten Motor Ambulances maintained by the Fire Brigade attended altogether 4,405 cases during the year, and travelled 39,018 miles.

The undermentioned summary shows the number of cases attended and mileage during the past five years.

1935. 1934. 1933. 1932. 1931.

No. of cases attended

4,405 3,797 4,299 4,418 3,872

Distance run (miles) 39,018 32,753 34,437 31,635 26,111

ANNUAL DISPLAY.

21. The Annual Display by the Brigade took place in the compound of No. 2 Police Station, Wanchai, in the presence of H.E. the Officer Administering the Government and a large number of visitors and spectators, on December 4th, 1935. During the Display the finals of the following Competition Drills, were contested:

Competition. Motor Escape Drill. Motor Pump Drill. Hook Ladder Drill.

Winner.

Kowloon Fire Station.

Central Fire Station "A" Team. Mong Kok Fire Station "A" Team.

1936.

T. H. KING,

Chief Officer, Fire Brigade.

**

HONG KONG -

Central

Kennedy Town Wanchai

Shaukiwan Gough Hill

Aberdeen (including Apli- chau Island)

KOWLOON :-

Tsim Sha Tsui

Mong Kok

Sham Shui Po

Un Long (N.T.)

Tai Po (N.T.)

Cheung Chau Island

Tai O (Lan Tau Island)

Yaumati Harbour

Total

Table I.

STATIONS AND PLANT, 31ST DECEMBER, 1935.

STATIONS.

PLANT.

Full Stations.

Sub-Stations.

N

Motor Fire Tenders.

Į

Motor Fire

Engines (pumps)

Motor Turntable

Ladders.

Motor Trailer or Portable

motor pumps.

Motor Fire

Cycles.

Motor Vans for

portable fire

pump unit.

Fire Escapes.

F

1

1

I

1

2

11

2

2

6

1

1111 - 1

| - | | - | | || 00

4

+++

11

1

Fire Floats.

3

19

Ambulances.

Motor

K 48

- K 19

Table II.

SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED MONETARY LOSS BY FIRE

FOR THE YEAR 1935.

Under

Not Exceeding.

Exceed-

Total

Month.

$500

ing

$750

$1,000 $2,500 | $5,000

$5,000

January

328

500

-800

1,100

7,000

9,728

February

304

2,442

25,770

28,516

March

111

1.

2,000

26,841

28,952

April

27

May

91

June

20

600

4,000

4,027

2,540

46,975

49,606

620

July

321

August

292

September... 370

October

292

November

255

500

1,800

4,000

6,121

7,000

7,292

10,000

10,370

2,538

8,000

10,830

755

December

127

2,600

41,150 43,877

Total

2,538 1,600 5,140 13,542

5,138 172,736 200,694

Table III.

SUMMARY OF MOST SERIOUS FIRES DURING YEAR 1935.

Remarks.

Date.

Time of

Call

Fire Extinguished by

Address.

Business.

Hyd- Eng- Fire

(Hours)]

rants.

ines. Floats.

Feb. 8

23.30 Thistle Street, Mong Kok.

Sugar Candy Factory.

3

2

1

Feb. 25

04.063 Belcher Street, Kennedy Town.

Tea Merchants.

1

LO

K 50

2

A building of two floors about 90 × 60 ft. (used as boiler rooms, office and stores); contents severely damaged by fire, heat, smoke and water and collapse of roof.

Two buildings, each of four floors, one about 80 × 18 ft. and one about 40 x 18 ft. (used as godown, office, store and dwelling). Two upper floors and contents severely damaged by fire and collapse of third floor and roof; floors, and contents under. damaged by water (adjoining and communicating (and further communicat- ing) with houses Nos. 1 and 5).

No. 1. A building of four floors, about 80 x 18 ft. (used as godown and dwelling). Two upper floors and contents severely damaged by fire, heat, smoke and water and collapse of roof; floors and contents under damaged by water (adjoining and communicating with house No. 3):

No. 5. A building of four floors, about 80 x 18 ft. (used as dwelling). Upper floors severely damaged by fire and roof off, second floor and contents damaged by fire. heat, smoke, water and dirt; floors (and contents under) slightly by water (adjoining and communicating with No. 3).

Table III,-Continued.

SUMMARY OF MOST SERIOUS FIRES DURING YEAR 1935.

Date.

Time of

Call

(Hours)

Fire Extinguished by

Address.

Business.

Hyd- Eng: Fire rants. ines. Floats.

Remarks.

Mar. 18 06.02 53 and 55 Woo

Eating Houses.

4

1

Sung Street, Yaumati.

Mar. 21

05.26 28 Hop Yik St.,

Grocery Shop.

1

Un Long (N.T.)

26,

-do ·

do

30,

-do-

- do

1

40,

- do -

- do -

N

One person killed as a result of jumping into street.

Five persons were rescued from first floor verandah of House No. 1 by firemen with aid of Brigade appliances.

Two buildings, each of four floors covering an area of about 50 x 15 ft. (used as restaurant and dwellings); contents severely damaged by fire, heat, smoke and water.

A building of two floors about 30 × 15 ft. (used as shop and dwelling); contents gutted and roof off.

A building of two floors about 30 × 15 ft. (used as shop and dwelling) and contents; Rear part of roof damaged by fire and cutting away, facade of shop, signboards, etc., by fire and heat, contents of building by water.

A building of two floors about 30 × 15 ft. (used as shop and dwelling); contents slightly damaged by heat, smoke, water and breakage. Facade of shop and signboards, by fire and heat.

Wooden window frames and shutters on first floor over shop damaged by fire and cutting away.

K 51

F

:

- K 52 -

Date.

Time of

Call

Address.

(Hours)

Table III,—Continued.

SUMMARY OF MOST SERIOUS FIRES DURING YEAR 1935.

Fire Extinguished by

Remarks.

Business.

Hyd-

Eng- Fire

rants.

ines.

Floats.

1

merchant.

Apr. 5 03.40 131 and 133 Main Hardware

Street, Shauki-

wan.

May 11 06.21 Tsun Wan Bay, Cargo Junk. New Territories..

May 24 02.25 104 Fuk Wah St., Towel Manu- Shamshuipo.

2

1

facturers.

Dec. 18 01.258 Kwong Yuen

Haberdashery and fancy goods merchant.

2

Dec. 26 03:54. Hop Shing St.,

Haberdashers.

Street, West.

Un Long Market, (N.T.)

2

Two buildings each of three floors covering an area of about 50 x 36 ft. (used as shops and dwellings); contents severely damaged by fire and collapse of upper floors and roof (adjoining and communicating).

A Cargo junk of about 4,000 piculs capacity laden with petrol (30,000 gallons), Fuel Oil (9,000 gallons), Lubricating Oil (1,500 gallons). Wax and Grease; contents burned out and submerged.

Ten persons burned to death.

A building of four floors about 50 x 15 ft. (used as workrooms, store and dwelling); contents severely damaged by fire, heat, smoke and water.

A building of three floors about 35 x 15 ft. used as shops and godowns; two upper floors and contents severely damaged by fire, heat, smoke and water.

Four buildings each of two floors covering an area of about 60 x 45 ft. (used as shops, stores and dwell. ings); contents severely damaged by fire, heat, smoke and water and roofs off.

Of the premises involved in 97 actual fires which occurred, 33 were insured and 64 were not insured.

K 53 -

Table IV.

SHOWING NUMBER OF INSPECTIONS CARRIED OUT MONTHLY DURING, 1935.

JANUARY.

FEBRUARY.

MARCH,

APRIL.

MAY.

JUNE.

JULY.

AUGUST.

SEPTEMBER.

OCTOBER.

NOVEMBER.

DECEMBER.

900

800

700

600

500

60

400

300

900

600

0090

500

400

1000

300

900

200

200

·100

100

Appendix L.

REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF PRISONS

FOR THE YEAR 1935.

The number of prisoners received into prison during the year and the corresponding number for 1934 were as follows:

1934.

1935.

Convicted by Ordinary Courts Debtors

12,297

14,790

73

76

On remand or in. default of finding surety 934

1,274

Total

13,304 16,140

2. The percentage of convicted prisoners admitted to prison with previous convictions recorded against them was 14.1 as compared with 14.9 for the previous year.

3. 774 prisoners were convicted by Police Courts in the New Territories against 655 for the previous year.

4. The following table shows the number of convicts in custody on the 31st December for the past ten years, and the percentage of the total number of prisoners in custody to the estimated population of Hong Kong.

Year.

1926 . 1927

786,920 409 .052

1,054 .134

* 890,400

392 .044

1,189

.136

1928

*1,075,690

352 ⚫033

1,071 •100

1929

*1,075,690 331 ·031

1,075

.100

1930

*1,143,510

256

.022

1,175

.103

1931

† 849,751 202

⚫024

1,102 .130

1932

900,796 173

·019

1,114 -124

1933

922,643 162

·018

1,472 .160

(V.G. 839

1934

944,492 157 ⚫017

L.C.K. 593 .170

F.P. 178

V.G. 980

1935

966,341

217 ⚫022

L.C.K. 642

.186

*Probably overestimated.

F.P. 174

Census of 1931.

―

L 2

VICTORIA GAOL (MALES).

5. 20,009,335 forms were printed and issued to various Government departments and 123,809 books bound or repaired. as compared with 23,333,380 forms and 106,499 books in 1934. The decrease in the numbers of forms printed was largely due to economy effected by standardisation. During the year various items of printing. hitherto done by the Government Printers were undertaken and satisfactorily performed by the Prison Printery.

6. Other industries in the Prison included matmaking, tailoring, carpentering, tinsmithing, painting, laundering, shoemaking, netmaking and basketmaking. Prisoners were also employed on the usual routine upkeep work, including minor building repairs.

7. The Gaol was as usual overcrowded.

8. The workshop accommodation is inadequate.

9. There was no escape or attempt to escape.

10. There were 3 executions during the year.

11.

LAI CHI KOK PRISON.

Garden work continued to give useful employment. Other work done at Lai Chi Kok, apart from the essential routine duties of cooking, cleaning, etc., included string and netmaking, coir matmaking, basket and broom making, and grass matmaking.

12. There was one escape on 14th August. The prisoner who escaped has not been recaptured.

FEMALE PRISON-LAI CH KOK.

13. This prison was also overcrowded. Although constructed to accommodate 120 (about double the daily average in custody in the old Female Prison) the numbers in the new prison have frequently been as high as 200.

14. Female prisoners are employed chiefly on laundry work and mending. Other employment includes cooking, weaving, envelope making, and a little gardening.

15. Lady Visitors as hitherto attended regularly for instructional purposes. Sisters from the Italian Convent visited on Saturdays, and ladies of the Church Missionary Society on Sundays, to give religious addresses. The administration would again like to express thanks to all these ladies for their valued and gratuitous services.

L 3

GENERAL.

16. 324 punishments were awarded for breaches of prison discipline as compared with 431 for the preceding year. Corporal punishment was inflicted in five cases for prison offences.

17. Fifty-six prisoners were whipped by order of Courts.

18.

There was again an increase in the number of prisoners convicted in the New Territory Courts (see paragraph 3).

19. Owing to overcrowding in the prisons 720 males were released before expiration of sentence. It was not found necessary to release any women prematurely.

20. The general behaviour of the prisoners and the discipline in all three prisons was very good.

21. The health of the prisoners was maintained.

satisfactorily

22. The conduct of the officers was on the whole exemplary.

23. The general health of the Staff was good.

24. The new prison at Stanley is now well in hand.

25. Mr. Hopkins, Assistant Superintendent of Prisons was on home leave from 9.3.35 to 14.11.35.

J. W. FRANKS,

Superintendent of Prisons.

15th April, 1936.

L 4

Table I.

comm

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE, 1934 AND 1935.

Personal Emoluments

1934.

$434,303.67

1935.

$389,430.05

Other Charges.

Arms and Ammunition

408.61

192.76

Conveyance Allowance to Superin-

tendent

600.00

300.00

Cleaning and Sanitary Materials

6,171.91

5,889.46

Clothing and shoes for Staff

15,954.18

10,453.75

Clothing for prisoners

15,846.06

9,082.54

Execution fees

Fuel

Furniture

40,830.24

150.00 38,255.33

668.17

Grants to Chaplains

1,200.00

1,200.00

Gratuities to prisoners

583.00

484.50

Incidental Expenses

2,260.68

1,435.56

Light

12,337.14

11,814.94

Materials for Remunerative Indus-

tries....

5,097.03

3,716.98

Materials for Repairs and Renewals.

9,945.19

4,908.90

Photography

2,044.50

1,950.25

Rations for Indian Warders

14,238.99

12,319.20

Rent of Quarters for European

Warders

6,854.19

8,623.00

Rent of Quarters for Indian Warders

10,640.00

10,080,00

Subsistence of prisoners

221,249.45

225,848.70

Transport

1,913.92

2,933.05

Upkeep and running Expense of

Motor Vans

1,611.49

1,011.55

Total Other Charges

370,454.75

350,650.47

Special Expenditure.

One Printing Machine

4,004.29

One Ruling Machine

4,035.52

Linotype Machines

14,342.20

Two small Printing Machines

10,506.84

Crossley Chassis

191.25

Total Special Expenditure..

25,040.29

8,039.81

Total Prison Department

829,798.71

748,120.33

L 5

Table II.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE, 1934 AND 1935.

Head of Revenue collected by Prison Department.

Fees of Court or Office.

Prisoners Subsistence

Prison Industries

1934.

1935.

1,878.00 2,312.00

5,338.98 3,948.27

Total

7,216.98 6,260.27

Table III.

Special Ex- penditure

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE OF PRISON DEPARTMENT FOR THE LAST 10 YEARS.

Year

*Personal Emoluments

and Other Charges

1926 $475,950.09 $3,218.46

Total Revenue

Total

including esti-

Expenditurenated value of

prison labour

$479,168.55

$153,727.28

1927 500,203.68

636.90

500,840.58

160,417.44

1928 493,271.58

Nil

493,271.58

166.024.55

1929 514,267.37 7,264.36

521,531.73

179,307.54

1930 659,899.39 29,693.50

689,592.89

144,550.53

1931 791,012.42

Nil

791,012.42

170,339.01

1932 755,804.80 24,306.28

780,111.08

207,085.54

1933 809,652.58 44,220.70

853,873.28

217,492.17

1934 804,758.42 25,040.29

829,798.71

220,622.50

1935 740,080.52

8,039.81

748,120.33

204,154.03

*Includes officers of J. C. Service.

Table IV.

RETURN SHOWING VALUE OF INDUSTRIAL LABOUR FOR THE YEAR 1935.

1

2

3

4

5

Nature of Industry

Value of

stock on

hand

Value of

6

Value of

7

8

Value of

Value of

articles

Materials Total Dr. January purchased. 1st, 1935.

mannufactur- ed or work

work

done for

stock on

hand

Value of

Earnings.

Total Cr.

done for

payment.

Gaol or other December Departments.31st, 1935.

(Difference between

columns

3 and 7.)

C.

$

C.

$

C.

$

C.

$

C.

$

$

C.

Coir

3,984.85

3,198.50

7,183.35

863.61

4,052.18

3,497.45

8,413.24

1,229.89

Netmaking

364.35

219.42

583.77

303.52

185.24

318.72 807.48

223.71

Tailoring

4,809.14

14,685.27

19,494.41

109.71

21,201.42

3,682.34 24,993.47

5,499.06

Rattan

162.05

490.62

652.67

848.79

115.13

963.92

311.25

Tinsmithing

473.90

1,869.43

2,343.33

84.08

4,872.67

387.82

5,344.57

3,001.24

Carpentering

703.45

3,485.75

4,189.20

125:57

5,531.48

836.25

6,493.30

2,304.10

Grassmatting

37.25

136.40

173.65

456.35

48.35

504.70

331.05

Shoemaking

924.17

2,983.85

3,908.02

39.95

5,476.69

1,003.45

6,520.09

2,612.07

Laundry

905.36

3,926.73

4,832.09

17,789.66 843.18 18,632.84 13,800.75

Printing & Bookbinding. 61,261.67 | 62,664.05 123,925.72

1,679.59 234,279.56| 61,924.21 297.883.36 | 173,957.64

Photography

Gardening

Weaving

Total

164.37

12.75 1,950.25 1,963.00 23.20 187.57 1420.88

2,433.49

34.55 2,468.04

505.04

29.68

450.56

262.99

123.05

178.18

301.23

319.92

96.55 416.47

115.24

78.785.19 95,952.82 169,738.01 3,626.91 297,447.45 72,817.68 373,892.04 | 204,154.C3 Paid into Bank during 1935, which sum includes $333.91 for work executed in 1934, $3,948.27. Value of work executed during 1935 for which payment was deferred to 1936, $12.55.

HONG KONG

MEDICAL & SANITARY

REPORT

FOR THE YEAR 1935

BY

A. R. WELLINGTON,

Director of Medical & Sanitary Services.

SECTION.

M 3

INDEX.

CONTENTS.

Page

7

18

INTRODUCTION

I. ADMINISTRATION

II. PUBLIC HEALTH:-

PART I.-VITAL STATISTICS:

(a) POPULATION

28

(b) BIRTHS AND DEATHS REGISTRATION

29

(c) BIRTH STATISTICS

30

•

(d) DEATH STATISTICS

30

(e) VITAL STATISTICS OF EUROPEAN CIVILIAN

POPULATION ........

32

PART II.—HEALTH CONDITIONS:-

(a) GENERAL REMARKS

33

(b) MALARIA

33

(c) OTHER INFECTIOUS DISEASES:

(i) Pulmonary Tuberculosis

36

(ii) Smallpox

36

(iii) Plague

37

(iv) Cerebro-spinal Fever

37

(v) Diphtheria

37

(vi) Enteric

38

(vii) Leprosy

38

(viii) Rabies

39

III. HYGIENE AND SANITATION:-

A. GENERAL REMARKS ADMINISTRA-

TION

B. PREVENTIVE

—

MEASURES AGAINST

MOSQUITOES AND INSECT BORNE DISEASES

!

40

41

M 4 -

INDEX.

CONTENTS.

SECTION.

C. GENERAL MEASURES OF SANITA-

Page

TION:

(a) DOMESTIC CLEANLINESS

(b) SCAVENGING

(c) CONSERVANCY AND SEWERAGE

(d) DRAINAGE

(e) WATER. SUPPLIES

42

43

43

43

43

(f) COMMON LODGING HOUSES

D. LABOUR CONDITIONS

44

45

E. HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING .....

45

F. FOOD IN RELATION TO HEALTH AND

DISEASES:

(a) INSPECTION AND CONTROL OF FOOD

SUPPLIES

48

(b) MARKETS, SLAUGHTER HOUSES AND

DAIRIES

48

(c) DEFICIENCY DISEASES

49

(d) MEASURES TAKEN TO SPREAD THE KNOW-

LEDGE OF HYGIENE AND SANITATION

49

(e) TRAINING OF SANITARY PERSONNEL

50

50

G. SCHOOL HYGIENE

;

IV. PORT HEALTH WORK AND ADMINISTRA-

TION:-

A. GENERAL

B. QUARANTINE

C. EMIGRATION

D. DISINFECTION AND FUMIGATION ...................

E. VACCINATION

F. TABLES I, II, III, IV, V, VI

57

58.8

59

61

M 5

INDEX.

CONTENTS.

SECTION.

Y. MATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE:-

A. MATERNITY HOSPITAL ACCOMMODA-

TION

B. MIDWIVES

C. ANTE-NATAL AND INFANT WELFARE

WORK....

Page

65

65

66

D. GOVERNMENT INFANT WELFARE

CENTRES

67

E. ALICE MEMORIAL INFANT WELFARE

CENTRE

70

F. THE CHINESE HOSPITALS INFANT

WELFARE CENTRES

70

VI. HOSPITALS, INSTITUTES, ETC.:-

A. GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS:

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL

VICTORIA HOSPITAL

KOWLOON HOSPITAL

TSAN YUK HOSPITAL

GOVERNMENT INFECTIOUS DISEASES

HOSPITAL

VENERAL DISEASES CLINICS

X-RAY DEPARTMENT

71

74

75

77

77

79

78

GOVERNMENT DISPENSARIES

B. CHINESE HOSPITALS AND DISPEN-

SARIES:

TUNG WAH HOSPITAL

KWONG WAH HOSPITAL

TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL

TUNG WAH SMALLPOX HOSPITAL

CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES (9 IN ALL).

82

82

85

86

88

89.

SECTION.

VII. PRISON

VIII. METEOROLOGY

IX. SCIENTIFIC:-

M 6

INDEX.

CONTENTS.

Page

93

95

A. BACTERIOLOGICAL INSTITUTE

B. THE PUBLIC MORTUARIES:

97

(a) PUBLIC MORTUARY, VICTORIA

(b) PUBLIC MORTUARY, KOWLOON

99

358

97

X. THE NEW TERRITORIES—

PUBLIC HEALTH AND SANITATION

100

APPENDIX A.-REPORT OF THE · GOVERN-

MENT BACTERIOLOGIST

110 ·

APPENDIX B.-REPORT OF THE GOVERN-

MENT MALARIOLOGIST

122

APPENDIX C.-REPORT OF THE GOVERN-

MENT ANALYST

173

APPENDIX D.-REPORT OF THE UNIVERSITY

CLINICAL UNITS AT THE GOY- ERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL ...

182

APPENDIX E.—GOVERNMENT

HOSPITALS

RETURN OF DISEASES & DEATHS

188

APPENDIX F.-CHINESE

HOSPITALS - RE-

TURN OF DISEASES AND DEATHS

188

APPENDIX G.—MORTUARIES — RETURN OF

DISEASES

208

APPENDIX H.-REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS &

DEATHS

225

Appendix M.

ANNUAL MEDICAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST DECEMBER, 1935.

Introduction.

Geographical Features.

In order to give a clear impression of the Public Health conditions obtaining in Hong Kong, it is necessary first to describe the situation of the Colony, its geographical features, its climate, the nature of the population, the housing conditions and the bearing old Chinese traditions, beliefs, and customs have on the question of co-operation with the authorities in the promotion and preservation of the Public Health. It is also desirable to indicate the various organisations which together make up the Public Health machinery.

2. The Territory under British jurisdiction includes the Colony Proper, namely, the Island of Hong Kong with the Peninsula of Kowloon, and the New Territories. The area of the Island is 32 square miles that of Kowloon is 24 square miles while the New Territories have approximately 300 square miles.

3. Situated between 22°9′ and 22°37′ North Latitude the area under discussion is just within the northern limits of the tropics. It is in fact practically on the same level as Calcutta. It may be said to form the lower extremity of the left bank of the estuary of the Canton River, at the head of which is the City of Canton and on the right bank of which stands the Portuguese Colony of Macao.

4. Topographically the Island of Hong Kong and the Penin- sula of Kowloon may be described as a series of granite ridges separated by narrow valleys and having here and there flat areas facing the sea. The New Territory is of similar formation with some fairly wide valleys towards the north and west. The features are such that flats suitable for town sites are few in number and limited in extent. In the Island the only level of any size is that on which the City of Victoria stands and this does not cover more than one square mile. With regard to Kowloon, not more than one half is flat and convenient for street formation.

The Climate.

5. Situated just within the northern limits of the tropics and occupying an insular position immediately south of the great land mass of China, Hong Kong's climate is very materially influenced by the direction of the prevailing winds. The North

M 8-

East Monsoon blows from November until April and during this period the weather is dry and cool and invigorating. From May until October, the season of the South West Monsoon, the air is highly charged with moisture and the climate is hot, muggy and enervating. July, August, and September are marked by atmos- pheric disturbances which now and then culminate in typhoons or cyclones accompanied by blinding sheets of rain.

6. The mean annual temperature is 72°F. During the summer months the average temperature is 87°F, and there is little variation throughout the twenty-four hours. Situated on the north side of the Island the City of Victoria gets all the heat and moisture of the South West Monsoon but not the breeze, which is cut off by the mountains behind the town. During the winter months the range of temperature is from 70°F. to 45°F. with an average 66°F. necessitating for comfort the wearing of warm clothes and the provision of fires in the houses. Frost is practically unknown.

7. The average yearly rainfall is 85.72 inches. As might be expected most of the rain falls in the summer months.

Population and its distribution.

8. Hong Kong, which depends for its prosperity on its trade with China, has three-fourths of its population concentrated in the cities of Victoria and Kowloon which face each other across Victoria Harbour, a stretch of water almost a mile wide at the narrowest point.

9. With regard to numbers, except in census years, there are no accurate statistical figures, the great movement to and from the Colony and the facility with which the border is crossed preventing accurate checking. Hong Kong being the principal entrêpot for South China and its harbour one of the busiest in the world, every day on an average 7,000 to 8,000 individuals pass to and from China by river steamer or by rail and there are others who arrive and depart by junks or smaller vessels. During times of political unrest in China many thousands from the mainland sojourn in the Colony, some of whom return to their homes when conditions are more settled, others remaining attracted by the opportunities offered for employment.

10. The total civil population of the Colony is estimated to exceed 900,000, of which some 400,000 reside in the City of Victoria, 300,000 in the town of Kowloon, over 100,000 on boats in the waters of the Colony and the remainder in villages.

11. There are over 20,000 local boats registered at the Harbour Office, the occupants of each of which vary in number from four to forty according to the size and character of the craft. The Harbour Authorities believe the population to be 150,000 and certainly 100,000 cannot be an overestimate.

M 9

12. Of the total population over 95 per cent are Chinese. According to the Census Report one third of the whole were born in the Colony. The remainder are mostly those who have come from China attracted by the facilities offered for employment. Children born in the Colony are frequently sent to the family homes in China, there to be brought up by the grand-parents, the parents remaining behind to earn their living. Many return to their native towns or villages when too ill or too old for labour. Through such exodus the death rates of the Colony are lower than they otherwise would be.

13. The masses are working people belonging to what is commonly described as the coolie class. The Chinese of the upper classes, anany of whom have received a western education, are mostly engaged in commerce but there are among them a number of professional men, including both lawyers and doctors.

Housing Conditions.

14. The town plans of Victoria and Kowloon are widely different: the former may be described as old-fashioned and irregular, the latter as modern and regular.

15. The site on which Victoria stands is a narrow strip of land 4 miles long by 1/5th. to 2/5ths. of a mile broad, lying at the northern foot of the mountain and separating it from the sea. The total area of available space is about one square mile or 1/32nd. of that of the whole island. Limited in front by the sea and behind by the steep slopes of the mountain there remains hardly an inch of space which has not been occupied for one purpose or another. The conformation of the site with its rapid rise of land near the sea-shore led in the early days to the erection of houses on the narrow strip of land near the harbour and extending a little way up the lower slopes of the mountain, the houses being separated by narrow lanes and alleyways. When the population was small and the houses only one and two stories in height, the situation was not unsatisfactory. As the population increased the houses were heightened to four and five stories without any corresponding widening of the spaces separating them, and overcrowding with its attendant evils made its appearance.

16. Year by year the population continued to increase, im- migration being accelerated by unrest in China. The great majority of immigrants were ignorant working people with a small wage earning capacity, accustomed to poverty, overcrowd- ing and insanitary conditions. Victoria was the centre of trade and therefore the centre of attraction. There was little room to build further accommodation and the newcomers had to squeeze into the already overcrowded premises. Rooms were divided into cubicles which to a certain extent provided privacy but which interfered both with lighting and ventilation. Little space was reserved for kitchens, and latrine accommodations was often limited to one or more pail closets on the roofs of the buildings.

M 10

17. In the west-central and western districts where the bulk of the masses find accommodation there are two hundred acres where the density is at least one thousand to the acre.

18. It goes without saying that the maintenance of a satis- factory standard of sanitation under such conditions is a most difficult problem and one which cannot be solved without the willing co-operation of the people. One thing is certain, so long as buildings are overcrowded and insanitary, no amount of ex- ternal sanitation will give immunity from disease.

19. Year by year the Sanitary Department and the Building Authority made efforts to improve the situation with a consider- able amount of success both as regards palliative and radical treatment. The task almost sisyphean in itself was rendered more difficult by paucity of water and by opposition put forward both by property owners and by occupiers.

20. A Commission on Overcrowding is at present enquiring into the situation in the hope of finding some practical scheme which will offer a solution of the problem. There is no room for lateral expansion, and accommodation for those dehoused during a reconstruction scheme would be difficult to find.

21. Within the last few years some 70 acres have been added to the eastern section of the town by reclamation from the sea. This locality which is known as the Praya East Reclamation has been laid out in accordance with modern town planning prin- ciples, with wide streets, short lots and back-lanes. The greater part of it is now covered with dwelling houses which satisfy sanitary requirements. The density here is not more than 300

per acre.

22. Kowloon which is a comparatively new city has been town-planned on up-to-date lines with straight broad streets and back lanes. During the intercensus period 1921-1931 it increased in population 113.06 per cent. It is still rapidly growing and in a few years will equal Victoria or even exceed it. According to the census the density of population is 300 per acre.

Influence of traditional beliefs.

23. The traditional beliefs of the uneducated Chinese as to the cause of diseases, the means of spread and the factors which affect its course are so at variance with modern teaching that there is little chance of promoting voluntary co-operating between them and the authorities in the matter of the prevention and control of disease until they can be brought to understand the true nature of the problems and are conscious of the usefulness of the measures advocated. The proximity of China and the constant intercourse make it harder to overcome prejudices than

M 11

is the case in countries further afield. The greatest hope lies in propaganda and education brought to the homes through public health nurses working as district visitors, or infant welfare cen- tres and school welfare centres.

24. Propaganda which does not arouse the interest of the mother and her children has little practical value. However, leaders of opinion in China and leaders of Chinese thought in Hong Kong are making vigorous efforts to promote public health and public welfare along lines which have proved successful in the Occident, and the outlook is far more hopeful than was the case a few years ago when Chinese thought on matters of health was unduly swayed by old traditions and theories.

Quarantine impractical between Hong Kong and the River Ports.

25. So closely related are Hong Kong, Canton, Macao and the River Ports, in the matter of trade, and such is the amount of traffic both human and goods which passes between them that up to date it has been found impossible to devise any system of quarantine which would effectually safeguard one city against introduction of disease from the other and at the same time preserve that freedom of commercial movements on which these cities depend for prosperity. It has been deemed best to treat them as forming one unit, as suburbs the one of the other, and to strive for a working agreement between the various health organisations to the end that some means, other than imposing restrictions against a whole port, may be found to prevent the spread of infection.

The Government Organisation for the promotion and

maintenance of the Public Health.

26. The Colony has no municipality in the ordinary accepted sense of the term, the Governor himself being head of the city and head of the port. The functions of a Municipal Council to a certain extent are included in the functions of the Legislative Council. The Colonial Heads, of Department perform duties which in a municipality would be performed by Municipal Heads of Department.

27. The Director of Medical and Sanitary Services is the cfficial adviser to Government on all medical and sanitary matters and is the Officer responsible to Government for the Public Health of the Colony. Under his direction come the Government Hos- pital Organisation, the Inspection of Chinese Hospitals and Chinese Dispensaries, the Medical Inspection of Schools, the Bacteriological Institute, the Analytical Laboratory, Anti- malarial Activities, Vaccination, Quarantine and Port Health Work, Social Hygiene Work, Maternity and Child Welfare Work, the Registration of Births and Deaths and the Public Mortuaries.

M 12-

28. There is a Sanitary Board composed of officials and unofficials whose powers are laid down in the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance of 1903.

29. The Sanitary Department, distinct from and independent of the Medical Department, has at its head a Civil Servant who is ex-officio Chairman of the Sanitary Board. This department does the work usually performed by the health departinent of a Municipality and in addition scavenging and conservancy.

Attached to it are Medical Officers of Health seconded from the Medical Department, Veterinary Surgeons and Sanitary Inspectors. The functions and powers of the department are limited to Hong Kong, Kowloon and that portion of the New Territories adjacent to Kowloon which is known as New Kowloon.

30. The principal ordinances which have effect in matters of hygiene and sanitation are:

(a) The Public Health and Buildings Ordinance. (b) The Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance.

(c) The Water Works Ordinance.

(d) The Births and Deaths Registration Ordinance. (e) The Boarding House Ordinance.

(f) The Factories and Workshops Ordinance.

(g) The Summary Offences Ordinance.

The Public Health and Buildings Ordinance of 1903 resembles somewhat the Public Health Act of 1875. It deals with infectious diseases of humans and animals, the wholesoine- ness of foods, abattoirs, markets, dairies, food factories, food shops, nuisances, scavenging and cleansing, drainage, sewerage and sewage disposal, latrines, urinals and water closets, factories and workshops, laundries, offensive trades, buildings, welis and pools.

31. The Public Works Department is the Authority under the Waterworks Ordinance. The Sanitary Department is respon- sible for the carrying out of the provisions of the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance except in so far as it refers to buildings, drainage and sewerage, wells and pools, which are dealt with by the Public Works Department. The Sanitary Department also deals with the Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance. The Boarding House Ordinance, which controls lodging houses, boarding houses and hotels, and the Factory and Workshops Ordinance are under the authority of the Secretary for Chinese Affairs. The Births and Deaths Registration Ordinance is administered by the Medical Department. The Summary Offences Ordinance is the concern of the Police.

M 13

<<

32. Transport of the sick is carried out by motor ambulances garaged at the fire stations and controlled by the Police and Fire Department. Hand ambulances are operated by the Sanitary Department.

33. The following are the Government institutions for medical relief:

On the Island:

Accommo- dation.

Authority in Control.

Government Civil Hospital.

246 beds.

Medical Department.

Mental Hospital

32

21

Victoria Hospital

72

Tsan Yuk Maternity

Hospital

60

Hospital

Infectious Diseases

Gaol Hospital

Violet Peel Health Centre.

Venereal Diseases Centres

(two in number)

26

"

""

30

"

21

In Kowloon:

Kowloon Hospital

Maternity & Infant Welfare

Centre

Venereal Diseases Centres

(two in number)

In the New Territories: Jubilee Dam Hospital Ruttonjee Dispensary,

Sham Tseng Un Long Dispensary Lady Ho Tung Welfare

Centre....

Taipo Dispensary and

Maternity Ward

Sai Kung Dispensary

Tai O Dispensary

131

1)

24

21

"

10

19

1)

19

In the New Territories there is a well equipped motor travelling dispensary which visits those villages which are on the road and which are situated at a distance from the institutions listed above. Each village is visited three times a week. Cases requiring in-patient treatment in hospital are sent to the Kowloon Hospital by motor ambulance.

- M 14-

34. Maternity and Child Welfare is carried out at two special centres one in Victoria the other in Kowloon.

35. School Hygiene and medical examination of school children is carried out by the school medical branch of the Medical Department working in close co-operation with the Education Department.

36. A special branch of the Medical Department working in close association with the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs makes periodical inspections of the Chinese Hospitals and Chinese Public Dispensaries.

37. Bacteriological and serological investigations are carried out at the Bacteriological Institute where vaccine lymph, anti- rabic vaccine and anti-meningococcic serum are prepared.

38. The Malaria Bureau carries out investigations with regard to mosquitology and malariology and supervises anti- malaria oiling and draining. It cooperates with the Sanitary Department and with the naval, military and air force authorities.

39. Quarantine and Port Health Activities, including the fumigation and disinfection of ships, the examination of ̃emi- grants and vaccination, are carried out by the Port Health Branch.

40. Registration of Births and Deaths is controlled by the Medical Department working in association with the Police and the Chinese Public Dispensaries.

Non-Government Organisations engaged in

Public Health Works.

41. In addition to the Government organisation there are in the Colony a number of Benevolent Societies and Associations whose activities in the cause of public health are of great benefit to the community. The chief among these are:-the Tung Wah Hospital Charity, the Chinese Public Dispensaries, the various Missionary Societies, the Granville Sharp Estate, the Society for the Protection of Children, the St. John Ambulance Association, the St. John Ambulance Brigade, the Y.W.C.A. and the Y.M.C.A.

42. A description of the Tung Wah Hospital and the Chinese Public Dispensaries will be found in the body of the report.

M 15

43. The St. John Ambulance Association teaches first aid and home nursing and issues certificates after examination to successful candidates. Many hundreds of certificates have been issued. Under the aegis of the Association a number of centres have been established in the New Territories, staffed by full time Nurse-midwives. These include a hospital at Cheung Chau, three small maternity hospitals with dispensary attached and six separate dispensaries.

44. The St. John Ambulance Brigade, which is distinct from the Association, is a body which practises in the field the theory taught by the latter. The Brigade which holds a strong position in the Colony does excellent work both in the training of per- sonnel and in the performance of first aid duties. The Brigade renders valuable assistance to the Government especially with regard to vaccination and propaganda.

The Government Medical Department cooperates as far as possible with the Association and the Brigade. A number of Government Medical Officers hold commissioned ranks in the Brigade and assist the Association by lectures and demonstra- tions. Probationary home nurses receive practical instruction in the Government Civil Hospital.

In the New Territories arrangements have been made whereby Government Medical Officers pay routine visits to some of the centres and all can be called at any time for emergency work.

Medical Education.

45. The Faculty of Medicine of the University of Hong Kong provides a six years' course in premedical and medical sciences leading to the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery which are awarded on, examination. Most of the clinical teaching is carried out at the Government Civil Hospital and the Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital where beds have been placed under the care of the clinical professors who are consultants to the Government and who have been appointed respectively Surgeon, l'hysician and Obstetric Physician to the Government Civil Hospital. The degrees of the Medical Faculty are recognised by the General Medical Council for registration in Great Britain.

46. Courses of training for nurses and midwives have been established at a number of hospitals in the Colony. Examina- tions are held and certificates issued by the Midwives Examina- tion Board and by the Nurses Examination Board.

Progress with regard to Reorganisation

and Expansion.

47. During the year ordinances necessary to give effect to the scheme for the reorganisation of the medical and sanitary services were passed by the Legislative Council and these will come into effect at the beginning of the coming year.

M 16

48. The omnibus and out of date Public Health and Build- ings Ordinance will be replaced by a number of ordinances each dealing with its own side of the public health complex. The Sanitary Board will be replaced by an Urban Council of which the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services will be vice- chairman and adviser on all matters of public health including sanitation. It will be the duty of the D.M.S.S. to superintend the enforcement and observance of all Ordinances relating to the Public Health and of the by-laws and regulations made there- under. For this purpose the Sanitary Inspectors will be grouped under the Health Officers who will be under the general direction of the D.M.S.S.

49. The slump in trade with the consequent reduction of revenue continued to retard progress in expansion. The erection of a new mental hospital and a new infectious diseases hospital had to be postponed and the model health centre intended as a field health station for the practical instruction of undergraduates could not be built.

50. It was found impossible to include in the estimates provisions for a Senior Health Officer, a Dental Surgeon and an Ophthalmologist.

The

51. However in spite of the severe financial handicap sub- stantial advances were made in a number of directions. following are the most noteworthy.

52. The Queen Mary Hospital:-The foundation stone of the Queen Mary Hospital-formerly known as the New Govern- ment Civil Hospital was laid by His Excellency the Governor on the 10th of May. By the end of the year the carcass of the hospital proper and that of the quarters for the nursing staff were almost completed and satisfactory progress had been made with regard to the flats for medical officers and other members of the staff.

When finished this hospital will furnish accommodation for five hundred patients. Situated on the south side of the island five hundred feet above the sea and below the fog line, it occupies one of the finest sites on the island.

53. The Violet Peel Health Centre: -The Eastern District Health Centre, named after Lady Peel the Violet Peel Health Centre, was opened on the 13th of May when Mr. Tang Shiu Kin on behalf of the Chinese gentlemen who paid for its erection handed over the keys to His Excellency the Governor for use as a Government institution to be staffed and run by the Medical Department. A two-storied building it contains on the ground floor an infant welfare centre, a school medical centre, a dis- pensary and a general clinic. Attached is a venereal diseases clinic.

M 17

On the first floor there are administrative offices and a crèche. In time it is intended that the offices will be occupied by the District Health Officer and his staff but at present they furnish accommodation for the Society for the Protection of Children.

54. The Kowloon Hospital Extension:-The Kowloon Hos- pital Out-patients Department building was opened on the 11th of March. This spacious and up-to-date structure contains a waiting hall, dressing rooms, doctors' rooms, clerks' office, dark room and a laboratory. Under the same roof, but partitioned off, is a fully equipped venereal diseases centre.

55. Taipo Dispensary Extension:-During the year the Taipo Dispensary was furnished with six maternity beds so that it is now a combined dispensary and maternity hospital.

56. Lady Ho Tung Centre Bus:-This centre was supplied with a light bus for the free transport of those villagers who lived some distance from the Centre.

57. The total

M 18

SECTION 1.

Administration,

authorised establishment of the Medical

Department for the year 1935 was as follows:

Administrative Staff.

The Director of Medical and Sanitary Services ...... Deputy Director of Medical and Sanitary Services

1

1

Clerical Staff.

Secretary

Assistant Secretary

1

Stenographer

Accountant

Clerk Class I

1

1

1

II

1

"}

21

III

3

V

6

"2

VIA

2

VIB

20

35

27

Special Class

1

INVESTIGATIVE DIVISION.

Bacteriological Institute.

Bacteriologist

1

Assistant Bacteriologist

1

Senior Laboratory Assistant

1

Laboratory Assistants

4

Laboratory Assistant (Probationer)

1

Malaria Bureau.

Malariologist

1

Assistant to Malariologist

1.

Malaria Inspectors

5

Chemical Division.

Government Analyst

1

Assistant Analysts

3

Assistant Analyst (Chinese)

1

Assistant Analyst (Chinese) Class II Sampler

1

1

M 19

HEALTH DIVISION.

General Branch.

Health Officers

Chinese Health Officers.

Lady Medical Officer (Part time).

Port Health Branch.

Port Health Officers and Inspectors of Emigrants

Chinese Port Health Officers

Health Inspector

Public Vaccinators

Fumigating and Disinfecting Bureau.

Secretary

Fumigator

Interpreter

Venereal Diseases Branch.

Venereal Diseases Officer.

Chinese Venereal Diseases Officer

Venereal Diseases Technical Assistant

Dressers (Staff)

Venereal Diseases Nurse

Maternity and Child Welfare Branch..

3

1

1

2

2

1

12

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

1

Lady Medical Officer

1

Chinese Lady Medical Officer

1

Infant Welfare Nurses

5

Interpreter

1

School Hygiene Branch.

Health Officer for Schools

Chinese Medical Officers for Schools

1 2

School Nurses

Chinese Hospitals and Dispensaries Branch. Visiting Health Officer

Lady Visiting Medical Officer

Chinese Resident Medical Officers

Chinese Lady Medical Officers

Stenographer

Dispensary Nurse

Midwives

5

1

1

3

3

1

1

6

M 20

MEDICAL DIVISION.

Clinical Branch.

Government Consultants

3

Senior Medical Officer

1

Medical Officers

9

Chinese Medical Officers

4

House Officers

4

Nursing Staff (General).

Principal Matron

1

Matrons

3

Home Sisters

2

Tutor Sister

1

Nursing Sisters (3 Vacancies)

52

Nurse (Staff)

Nurse (Charge) (Vacant)

Nurses (Probationers)

3

52

Midwife

Dressers (Charge)

1

6

Dressers (Staff)

1

Dressers (Probationers)

27

Linen Maid

1

Nursing Staff (Mental Hospital).

Head Attendant

1

Assistant Attendant

Mental Nurses

3

2

Wardmasters

Kennedy Town Hospital (Infectious Diseases).

Nurses (Staff)

2

Nurse (Probationer)

1

Dresser (Charge)

1

Dresser (Staff)

1

Dresser (Probationer)

1

Wardmaster

1

Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital.

House Medical Officer

1

Matron

1

Assistant Matron

1

Midwives

4

Pupil Midwives

12

Steward

Assistant Steward

M 21

Stewards.

1

1

Pharmacy Branch.

Apothecary

1

Assistant Apothecaries

2

Storekeeper

1

Dispensers (Charge)

4

Dispensers (Staff)

4

Dispensers (Probationers)

6

Radiological Branch.

Radiologist

Radiographers

Masseuses

X-Ray Sister

Probationer Masseuses

Radiographic Assistants

3

1 2 2 1 ∞ 2

New Territories Branch.

Medical Officer

1

Chinese Medical Officers

2

Midwives (2 Vacancies)

10

Dresser (Charge) for Travelling Dispensary

1

1

Driver for Travelling Dispensary

Miscellaneous.

Office Attendants, Messengers, Wardboys, Amahs,

Coolies, etc. (19 Vacancies)

PRINCIPAL CHANGES IN PERSONNEL.

..380

58. The following were the principal changes which took place during the year:-

Dr. A. R. Wellington, Director of Medical and Sanitary Services, went on leave on January 29th and resumed duty on October 25th. Dr. W. B. A. Moore acted as Director of Medical and Sanitary Services during Dr. Wellington's absence.

Dr. D. J. Valentine, Medical Officer, acted as Deputy Director of Medical and Sanitary Services from 29th January to 24th October.

M 22

Mr. R. E. Cable returned from leave on 15th January and resumed duty as Apothecary. Mr. L. J. Morley acted as Apothecary during the absence on leave of Mr. R. E. Cable.

acted as

Miss S. I. Summerskill, Matron Civil Hospital, acted Principal Matron from 26th July.

Miss A. M. Davies, Nursing Sister, acted as Matron Civil Hospital from 26th July.

Miss J. A. Davis returned from leave on 7th February and resumed duty as Matron Kowloon Hospital.

Miss S. F. Sutton, Home Sister Kowloon Hospital, acted as Matron Kowloon Hospital until 6th February.

Miss D. P. Geen, Nursing Sister, acted as Home Sister Kowloon Hospital during the absence on leave of Miss S. F. Sutton from 6th April.

Mr. L. Å. Collyer returned from leave on 21st August and resumed duty as Assistant Attendant, Mental Hospital, and acted as Head Attendant, Mental Hospital from 24th August.

Dr. J. M. Gray, Health Officer, acted as Venereal Diseases Officer from 12th January to 25th December during Dr. J. A. R. Selby's absence on leave.

Dr. R. S. Pegbie returned from leave on 14th November and resumed duty as Assistant Bacteriologist.

Name of Officer.

APPOINTMENTS.

Designation.

Prof. W. C. W. Nixon

Dr. G. H. Henry

Mr. W. Kershaw

Dr. Cheung Shiu Fan

Government Consultant Medical Officer

Ch. Medical Officer Storekeeper

Dr. (Mrs.) A. L. J. Dovey Lady Medical Officer and

Dr. J. E. Jones

Supervisor of Midwives (Part-time) Health Officer

Date of

assump- tion of

duty.

14.11.35

1. 5.35

1. 7.35

14. 1.85

1. 2.35 26.12.35

M 23

RESIGNATIONS OR RETIREMENTS.

Name of Officer.

Prof. R. E. Tottenham Dr. A. D. Wong Miss M. J. Wilson Mr. J. Murray

Designation.

Government Consultant Ch. Medical Officer Principal Matron Head Attendant,

Mental Hospital

OFFICERS ON VACATION LEAVE IN EUROPE.

Designation.

Date of Resigna- tion or Retirement

17. 5.35

30. 6.35 29.11.35

15.10.35

Date of Date of Departure. Return.

Dr. I. Newton

Dr. G. V. A. Griffith Dr. P. F. S. Court Dr. J. B. Mackie Dr. L. D. Pringle Mr. R. E. Cable Mr. L. J. Morley Miss J. A. Davis

Sanitary Services

Medical Officer

Apothecary

Name of Officer.

Dr. A. R. Wellington Director, Medical &

29. 1.35

do.

do.

do.

do.

25.10.35 3. 4.35 10. 1.35

9. 2.35

29.10.35

20. 4.35

9. 2.55

15. 1.35 30.10.35

7. 2.35

26.12.35

21. 8.35

Officer

12. 1.35

26.12.35

14.11.35

Miss S. F. Sutton

Mr. L. A. Collyer

Dr. J. A. R. Selby

Dr. R. S. Begbie Mr. V. C. Branson

Asst. Apothecary Matron, Kowloon

Hospital

Home Sister,

Kowloon Hospital 6. 4.35

Asst. Attendant,

Mental Hospital Venereal Diseases

Asst. Bacteriologist 12.-1.35 Analyst

59. During the year the undermentioned officers obtained degrees or underwent courses of study as follows:

Name of Officer.

Dr. I. Newton

Dr. P. F. S. Court

Dr. J. B. Mackie

Mr. V. C. Branson

Degree of Course.

F.R.C.S. (Edinburgh).

F.R.C.S. (Edinburgh).

Course for medical examination of candidates for Air Pilots licences. D.P.H. (Liverpool).

F.I.C. (Branch E.) (Royal College

of Science).

Investigated methods of sampling

and analyses of tin in London.

Personal Emoluments

M 24

60. EXPENDITURE for 1935 and 1934 CompARED.

1935.

$1,007,818.43

1934.

$1,053,087.22

OTHER CHARGES. A.—Staff.

Conveyance Allowances

$ 13,947.46

$ 15,050.91

B.-General.

Artificial Limbs

$

47.00

Bedding and Clothing

15,787.70

34.50 15,888.74

Board for 5 House Officers

1,825.00

1,825.00

Board and Lodging for 6 Pupil-

Midwives

480.00

368.00

Books

502.24

279.11

Bonuses to Dispensary Licentiates

and Clerks for vaccination of

children and registration of births

4,549.10

4,638.10

Cleansing materials

6,859.30

6,770.67

Dental and other special treatment.

1,959.00

1,677.00

Expenses of courses of study and

attendance at Medical Congresses

4,175.12

3,732.83

Fuel and Light

63,357.86

59,205.62

Grants to Protestant and Roman

Catholic Chaplains for Religious

Services

1,800.00

1,800.00

Incidental Expenses

3,304.33

2,394.31

Maintenance of lunatics at Canton.

8,674.02

8,943.46

Medical Comforts

659.40

343.52

Medicines, Surgical Appliances and

Instruments

77,691.01

64,508.21

Nursing Board Expenses

2,315.50

1,926.90

Provisions for patients

116,907.34

99,432.02

Rent of Premises for Dispensaries

and Infant Welfare Centre

5,334.50

4,940.00

Transport

1,293.80

1,424.37

Treatment of Opium Addicts

1,968.00

2,069.50

Upkeep of Hospital Equipment, etc.

13,251.05

9,556.68

Upkeep of X-ray Apparatus

11,799.41

12,542.70

Upkeep of Travelling Dispensary

and Motor Bus for Lady Ho Tung Welfare Centre

929.65

867.40

Ventilation of Operating Theatre ...

445.55

389.15

Washing

15,836.46

17,145.03

M 25

C.-Port Health Officer's Office.

1934.

1935.

Conveyance allowance

$

218.31

$ 130.82

Incidental Expenses, etc.

364.26

338.81

Uniforms

103.52

188.52

Running expenses, disinfecting and

fumigating plant

32,527.28

14,189.53

Repairs to Disinfecting and Fumi-

gating Plant

13,014.00

D.-Bacteriological Institute.

Animals and Fodder

$ 5,942.35

$ 2,406.79

Anti-rabic work

353.58

104.74

Apparatus and Chemicals

1,291.96

986.75

Books and Journals

18.32

40.60

Conveyance Allowances

212.04

173.71

Fuel and Light

1,575.01

1,295.20

Incidental Expenses

789.33

713.00

Preparation of Vaccines, Serum,

etc.

1,709.70

1,165.80

Uniforms

232.44

177.21

E.-Mortuaries, Victoria and Kowloon.

Conveyance allowance for mes-

senger

$ 18.00

18.00

Fuel and light

86.09

81.82

Uniforms

111.90

20.64

F.-Malaria Bureau.

Anti-malaria Field Work

$ 1,011.92

$

847.60

Conveyance allowances.

1,686.37

1,907.40

Equipment

827.67

1,368.83

Incidental Expenses

162.26

251.11

Uniforms

520.11

576.82

`G.—Analytical Laboratory.

Apparatus and Chemicals

Books and Journals

Conveyance Allowances

Fuel and Light

Incidental Expenses

Uniforms

$ 3,871.15

$ 2,383.79

169.24

175.17

180.00

180.00

797.22

707.77

296.01

309.56

106.00

74.15

Total Personal Emoluments

and Other Charges ..... .$1,483,969.06 $1,389,472.30

M 26

SPECIAL EXPENDITURE.

1934.

1935.

Equipment for Kowloon Hospital ...$

16,774,29 $

2,792.01

Lymph grinding machine for Bac-

teriological Institute

Steel Office Equipment

1,923.30

650.00

635.00

Equipment for Tai Po Dispensary...

2,089.16

Refrigerator for Tsan Yuk Hospital.

774.00

Microscope for V. D. Clinic

495.65

X-ray apparatus

1,100.00

7,347.82

Gestetner Duplicating Machine .....

847.40

Total Special Expenditure $ 21,294.99 $ 14,133.64

Total Medical Department .....$1,505,264.05 $1,403,605.94

REVENUE FOR 1934 AND 1935 COMPARED.

1934..

1935.

Medical Treatment

$92,388.58

$ 88,800.31

Miscellaneous

405.00

Bacteriological Examination

6,998.50

8,071.25

Chemical Analyses

32,893.75

30,773.50

Bills of Health

9,960.00

8,856.00

Medical Examination of Emigrants.

145,208.10

156,310.30

Official Certificates

1,295.00

1,625.00

Births and Deaths Registration

7,811.50

4,288.00

Consultants Fees

1,427.50

2,988.50

Fumigation and Disinfection Fees...

2,512.25

9,678.37

Total

$300,900.18.

$311,391.23

M 27

61. EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT

FOR THE PAST TEN YEARS.

Personal

Emoluments

Year.

& Other Charges.

Special Expenditure.

Total Expenditure.

Total Revenue.

1926.

1927.

$ 701,717.93 721,623.32

$ 34,451.05

$ 736,168.98

255,070.19

16,409.47

738,032.79

307,744.48

1928.

808,412.61

23.37

808,435.98

306,347.62

1929..

878,058.19

17,061.08

895,119.27

299,524.51

1930.

1,172,791.22

51,305.06

1,224,096.28

267,887.66

1931.

1,325,353.30

52,697.76

1,378,051.06 243,256,99

1932

1,316,575.34

6,689.20

1,323,264,54

260,164.87

1933.

1,409,905.40

4,176.19

1,414,081,59

265,859.34.

1934.

1,483,969.06

21,294.99

1,505,264.05 300,900.18

1935.

1,389,472.30

14,133.64

1,403,605.94

311,390,23

Total

$11,207,878.67 $218,241.81 $11,426,120.48 $2,818,146.07

In drawing comparisons between the expenditure and revenue of different years it should not be forgotten that the Hong Kong dollar is based on silver and its value rises and falls with the price of that metal. Most of the European officers draw sterling salaries and the bulk of the drugs, dressings and instru- ments are obtained from England and paid for in sterling. With the exchange at a shilling, the number of dollars expended on sterling priced material is double what it would have been had the exchange been two shillings to the dollar.

RATIO OF EXPENDITURE ON MEDICAL AND SANITARY SERVICES TO TOTAL REVENUE FROM ALL SOURCES.

62. The total revenue of the Colony from all sources was estimated at $32,556,102.00.

63. Because of the overlapping which occurs when a work serves both a utilitarian and a sanitary service it is impossible to assess exactly the amounts which have been spent for purely medical and sanitary purposes. Including all water works and drainage works as sanitary works, the following (which include the salaries of the P.W.D. staff concerned) shows the commit- ments as laid down in the Estimates for 1935.

Expenditure by Medical Department

Sanitary Department

""

""

"}

""

>>

Public Works Department Police Department

??

22

**

**

.$ 1,780.233.00 1,186,291.00 2,258,400.00

300.00

Motor Ambulance Service Subsides to Charities

Total:-

27,755.88

146,417.00

$5,399,396.88

64. Ratio of expenditure on Medical and Sanitary Services

to total Expenditure

5,399,396.88

32,556,102.00

=

16.56 per cent.

65. If the expenditure on Water Works be not taken into account the ratio is 14.37 per cent.

4

M 28-

SECTION II.

Public Health.

PART I.-VITAL STATISTICS.

CIVIL POPULATION.

66. The estimated civil population for the whole of the territories under British jurisdiction at the middle of the year was 966,341 of which 944,971 or 97.8 per cent was Chinese and 21,370 or 2.21 per cent non-Chinese. The distribution was as follows:

Urban area of Victoria:

Europeans and Americans

4,254

Other non-Chinese races Chinese

5,830

377,659

387,743

Villages of Hong Kong:-

Europeans and Americans

Other non-Chinese races

Chinese

350

118

48,832.

49,300

437,043

Total for Hong Kong Island

Urban area of Kowloon including New Kowloon : —

Europeans and Americans.

4,806

:

Other non-Chinese races

5,987

Chinese

314,204

Total for Kowloon & New Kowloon

324,997

Junks and Sampans:-

Chinese

100,000

New Territories exclusive of New Kowloon :—

Europeans and Americans

25*

Chinese

104,276

104,301

Total civil populations

966,341

* In addition there were 26 engaged temporarily at Shing Mun Dam.

M 29

67. During the year 3,347,473 persons entered and 3,412,020 left the Colony, by steamer and by raiload making a surplus of emigrants over immigrants by these routes of 43,296. Fuller details are as follows:

Arrived.

Departed.

River steamer

1,748,386

1,826,631

Railway

1,065,473

1,059,469

Ocean going steamers.

533,614

525,920

Total

3,347,473

3,412,020

This does not represent the total movement between Hong Kong and the neighbouring provinces of China for there are many who arrive and depart by coasting vessels, junks and sampans. It is estimated that on an average over 8,000 arrive and depart daily.

BIRTHS AND DEATHS REGISTRATION.

68. The Registration of Births and Deaths Ordinance has since 1911 applied to the whole territory under British jurisdiction but until 1932 no action was taken to enforce it in the New Territories where registration of both births and deaths had been the exception rather than the rule.

69. As a result of the better enforcement of the law and still more as a result of the introduction of a new Births and Deaths Registration Ordinance, which did away with certain fees and penalties, the registration of births increased throughout the Colony, more particularly in the New Territories.

70. Registration of births is however still far from complete and many births, especially of females, are never recorded.

71. In view of the increased numbers of births and deaths registered in the New Territories, it was decided from 1934 to calculate the birth and death rates on the population of the whole Colony and not to exclude the New Territories as thereto- fore.

72. Death registration in the Colony being a necessary pre- liminary to a permit to bury, it may be taken for granted that practically all deaths are registered. Bodies found dumped or abandoned in the streets and open spaces, are taken to the Public Mortuaries where they are examined by the Medical Officer who fills in the necessary certificates which go through the Coroners' hands to the Registrar. All certificates of deaths are scrutinized by the Medical Officer of Health.

M 30

BIRTHS.

73. The following table shows the number of births registered

during the last five years:

Chinese Non-Chinese

Total

1931. .12,055

1932.

1933.

1934.*

1935.*

13,166

14,909

20,424

24,510

388

431

453

462

527

.12,443

13,597

15,362

20,886

25,037

* Includes those from New Territories.

DEATHS.

74. The deaths registered among the civilian population of the Colony (including New Kowloon and New Territories) was 22,133 giving a crude death rate of 22,90 as compared with 20.93 for the previous year.

Estimated

Year

Deaths

Death rate per

population

mille population

1934 Chinese

19,516

923,584

21.13

Non-Chinese

250

20,908

11.96

1935

Chinese ...

21,913

944,971

23.19

Non-Chinese

220

21,370

10.25

No. of

deaths.

75. The principal diseases causing deaths were:-

Disease.

Death rate

per mille population.

Percentage of total

deaths.

1934 1935

Broncho-pneumonia

4,190

18.93

3.20

4.33

Pulmonary tuberculosis

2,237

10.10

2.31 2.31

Pneumonia

469

2.11

0.56

0.48

Bronchitis

2.208

9.97

2.04

2.28

Diarrhoea (infantile)

1,272

5.74

1.42

1.31

Diarrhoea (over one year).

1,172

5.29

0.92

1.21

Dysentery

236

1.06

0.20

0.24

Nephritis

665

3.00

0.67

0.68

Heart disease

heart

failure

746

3.37

0.71

0.77

Beri-beri

563

2.54

0.47

0.58

Malaria

400

1.80

0.39

0.41

Notifiable Diseases:

Smallpox

44

0.19 0.11

0.04

Enteric

95

0.42

0.07

· 0.09

Diphtheria

136

0.61 0.09

0.14

Cerebro-spinal meningitis.

54

0.24

0.13

0.05

Cholera

Plague

18.93%

-M 31-

76. Death Clock showing percentage of total deaths caused by different diseases:

10.10%

BRONCHO-

PNEUMONIA.

TUBERCULOSIS

PULMONARY

9.97%

2-11%

57490

PNEUMONIA

BRONCHITIS

RY DISEASES.

RESPIRATOR

DIARRHOEA

(INFANTILE) DIARRHOEA

MOTHER DISEASES

(OVER ONE YEAR) HEART DISEASE

NEPHRITIS

BERI-BERI

MALARIA BYSENTERY

5.29% 3.37% 3.00% 2-54% 80% 106%

36.13%

Infantile Mortality.

77. The numbers of deaths of infants under one year were:

Chinese Non-Chinese.

7,754

30

78. If the figures for the Chinese births registered repre- sented the total births, which they do not, the infantile mortality rate for this race would be 316.36 as compared with 347.34 which was the equally incorrect rate for the previous year. Allowing that only one third of the births are registered this would still mean a very high infantile mortality figure.

M 32

M

79. The mortality rate among the non-Chinese was 56.92 as compared with 49.78 in 1934.

The Dumping of the Dead.

80. The following table shows the number of unknown dead bodies found by the Police in the streets and elsewhere during the last five years:

1931 1932 1933 1934

1935

Victoria

366

383

357

289

214

Kowloon

738

884

881

679

708

Harbour

115

79

47

27

52

Elsewhere

76

82

62

61

64

1,295

1,427

1,347

1,056

1,038

All but 6 of the bodies dumped were children the majority being infants. The number of males exceeded that of females.

VITAL STATISTICS OF EUROPEAN CIVILIAN POPULATION.

81. The Europeans and Americans resident in the Colony are estimated to number 9,435 of whom 7,290 were British. The majority of Europeans and Americans are treated by private practitioners when ill, and figures are not available for calculating incidence rates.

82. There were 123 deaths among the 9,435 giving a death rate of 13.03 per mille.

83. Vital Statistics of European Officials. Number of Europeans (excluding temporary school

mistresses)

Average number resident in the Colony

Number invalided during 1934:-

(a) when on leave at home

(b) in the Colony

987

861

0

6

6

Number died during 1934:-

(a) in the Colony

5.

(b) when on leave at home

5

M 33-

PART II.-HEALTH CONDITIONS.

GENERAL REMARKS.

84. In the absence of some general system of registration of sickness, the only sources of information available for gauging the state of the public health in this Colony are the returns relating to deaths, the notifications of infectious diseases and the records of Government and Chinese hospitals. Judging from the death returns the health of the Colony was not quite so good as that of the previous year. The crude death rate was 22.90 per mille as compared with 20.93 for 1934.

85. Respiratory diseases accounted for 41.62 per cent of the total deaths; the percentage for 1934 was 39.97. The principal diseases causing death were broncho-pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchitis, infantile diarrhoea and diarrhoea.

86. The overcrowded houses, the expectorating habits of the people, and poverty furnish sufficient explanation for the pre- valence of respiratory troubles.

MALARIA.

87. This disease which in the early days of the Colony was the great cause of death and from which Hong Kong derived its reputation of unhealthiness has now practically disappeared from the populous centres of Victoria and Kowloon as the result of the destruction of the breeding places of the carriers through efficient drainage. There is still some malaria in the outskirts of the two towns and a considerable amount in the rural areas of both the Island and Mainland.

88. Investigations have proved that swamps, ponds and other collections of water in the open plains, are more or less harmless and that the real danger lies within mosquito flight distance of the feet of hills and of valleys where collections of spring water in pockets, pools, swamps and streams form the breeding places of Anopheles Maculatus, Anopheles Minimus and Anopheles Jeyporiensis.

89. Why it is so we do not know but spring water which has not lost its sparkle does have an attraction for these three species. As a rule such water has a faint acid reaction due to dissolved carbonic acid gas. When it loses its C 02 and becomes flat it ceases to attract.

90. For many years the chief Vector in the Colony and New Territories was believed to be A. Maculatus. The researches of Dr. Jackson have proved this to be incorrect. A. Maculatus is a carrier but is of far less importance in the spread of malaria than A. Minimus and A. Jeyporiensis,

M 34

91. It appears that species of mosquitoes, like races of men, can under different conditions of climate and surroundings develop differences in habits and tastes for food. A. Maculatus in Malaya readily takes human blood and is a very potent agent in the spread of malaria. In Hong Kong, where it is. very prevalent, it seems to prefer animals to humans and its importance as a Vector of paludism is much less pronounced.

92. Though paddy swamps on the open plains are factors of little importance in the spread of malaria the same cannot be said of the irrigated terraces which form the rice fields of the hilly country. These have been shown by the Malaria Bureau to be, under certain conditions, prolific breeding places for that powerful carrier A. Jeyporiensis. The irrigation ditches leading to and from the rice fields harbour both A. Jeyporiensis and A. Minimus.

93. Here as in Malaya disturbances of the soil often result in the formation of small collections of water which for reasons unknown attract the malaria mosquito and in which they deposit their eggs.

The breaking of the soil is not a direct cause of malaria but a predisposing factor in a chain of events which favour the spread of the disease.

94. The most malarious areas are, therefore, those in or near the hills. Unless carefully watched and carefully controlled works in the vicinity of the hills which involve disturbance of the soil such as roads, railways, or waterworks are nearly always attended by high sickness and death rates among the labour forces employed. In Malaya this was especially the case when the soil was of granite formation and the same applies in Hong Kong.

95. Malaria not being a notifiable disease few figures are available to measure the actual extent of incidence throughout the Colony and New Territories.

96. On the hospital returns and on the returns furnished by certain government, departments, such as the Police, it is possible to base a guess as to whether the disease is on the increase or decrease generally, but that is all.

-

97. The cases admitted to Government Hospitals, numbered 475 of which 8 or 1.68 per cent died. In the Chinese Hospitals there were 925 admissions, of which 208 or 21.40 per cent died.

.

98. Among those admitted to the Government Hospitals there were 195 tertian, 159 aestivo-autumnal, and 12 quartan infections.

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99. The cases admitted to the Government Hospitals during the last ten years are as follows: —

1926

1927 ...

1928...

1929

1930

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

970

670

485

653

535-

585

465

475

457

384

100. Many of the Police Stations are screened and every man is provided with a mosquito net. Prophylactic quinine is issued and the living rooms are regularly sprayed with an insecticide in an endeavour to kill any adult mosquitoes that may be present. The police on night patrols are of course liable to infection.

101. The total number of deaths attributed to this disease was 400 giving a death rate of 0.41 per mille over the whole population. The low death rate is, of course, due to the fact that the great bulk of the population residing in the drained urban area is not subject to risks of infection. If figures for local districts were available it would be found that in some areas the incidence and death rates were very considerable.

102. During the year the Malaria Bureau continued its investigations into the life history, habits and carrying powers of the local anophelines. The results obtained were both interest- ing and instructive. As in previous years there was no obstruc- tion from the local Chinese; on the contrary they took an interest in the proceedings and showed their eagerness to be of assistance. The Chinese Inspectors have shown ability and zeal.

103. The Bureau co-operated fully with the Army, the Royal Air Force, the Sanitary Department and Public Works Depart- ment. A full account of the activities of the Bureau will be found in Appendix "B".

OTHER INFECTIOUS DISEASES:

104 During the year there were reported 61 cases of small- pox, 110 cases of cerebro-spinal fever, 226 cases of diphtheria and 319 cases of enteric. There were no cholera cases.

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Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

105. This disease continues to rank second to broncho- pneumonia as the principal cause of death. It is probable that some of the cases of the latter were of tuberculous origin.

106. The total number of deaths was 2,237 that for 1934 was 2,179. The death rate per mille was 2.31 the same as that for the previous year.

107. There is need for more hospital or infirmary accommo- dation for tuberculosis patients, especially for those of the poorer classes.

Smallpox.

108. Every year in the cold season this disease manifests itself in outbreaks which are sometimes sporadic, sometimes epidemic. Whatever the prevalence there is always a tendency for the morbidity rate to decline or disappear with the advent of summer. In the year under review there were 61 cases and 44 deaths. 18 cases only were treated in hospital the remainder did not come under the notice of the authorities until after death.

109. The vaccination campaign was continued and during the year 342,201 persons were vaccinated. Valuable assistance was afforded by the St. John Ambulance Brigade and by the Chinese Public Dispensaries. Both bodies engaged in active propaganda and through their efforts many were persuaded who otherwise would have kept aloof. The various sections of the Brigade again carried out street vaccination with excellent results.

110. The Chinese have a preference for vaccination in the spring as being the auspicious season, and for a month or two after Chinese New Year the Chinese Public Dispensaries are crowded with children waiting to be done.

111. The majority of Chinese still hold the opinion that the herbalist treatment of smallpox gives better results than the methods adopted by practitioners qualified in Western medicine. An analysis of the statistics of (a) the Tung Wah Infectious Diseases Hospital where only herbalist treatment is carried out, and (b) the Government Infectious Diseases Hospital where western treatment only is provided shows that this view is not correct. Calculating on the figures for the last 25 years the case death rate at the Tung Wah was 47.2 per cent while that at the Government institution was 15.25 per cent.

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Plague.

112. For the last six years no cases of plague have been reported in Hong Kong. The disappearance of this disease not only from this Colony but from the greater part of China and its decline throughout the world are due to factors which are not understood.

113. Systematic rat-catching and periodical cleansing of houses were carried out throughout the year. Total number of rats collected was 192,251 of which 21,820 were taken alive, as compared with 175,687 and 21,976 in 1934. The number col- lected each year shows that there is no diminution in the rat population. All the rats collected were sent to the Public Mortuary for examination. None was found infected.

Cerebro-Spinal Fever.

114. The following table shows the monthly incidence of this disease for the last 5 years:

1931 1932 1933 1934 1935

Month.

January

2

6

15

15

10

February

3

2

39

27

16

March

9

30

69

22

April

1

111

33

53

23

May

26

17

25

10

June

1

16

14

15

11

July

1

9

7

11

5

August

2

3

1

September

1

13

1

October

3

0

5

4

November

1

9

2

1

December

1

8

14

6

Total

24

209

191

246

110

115. The disease is most prevalent in the cold weather. It dies down when the real summer heat sets in and people sleep more out of doors at night thus lessening overcrowding. Of the 110 cases reported, 54 or 49.09% proved fatal. Ever since the severe outbreak of this disease, which occurred in 1917, a supply of serum, made at the Bacteriological Institute from the local strains of meningococcus, is kept in stock. This serum gives very good results when used early in the disease.

Diphtheria.

116. Cases of this disease occur throughout the year, but the majority of those notified occur during the cold weather of December, January and February.

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117. 266 cases were reported of which 136 proved fatal, as compared with 162 with 82 deaths in 1934.

Enteric.

118. Cases of this disease are notified throughout the year, but there is usually some increase in the number reported during the summer months. The cases are usually sporadic and the source of infection is seldom discovered. 319 cases were notified with 95 deaths as compared with 212 in 1934 with 65 deaths.

Leprosy.

119. Though leprosy is a notifiable disease very few cases. are notified. The number of lepers in the Colony is not known but assuming that the incidence rate is the same as that of the neighbouring countries the total number cannot be less than 500 and may approach 1,000. To many, these figures will appear to be exaggerations, nevertheless they are accepted by all who are authorities on the subject and have taken the trouble to make the necessary enquiries.

120. The factors geographical, physical, political and com- mercial which render impractical quarantine measures against the River Ports have also an important bearing on the leprosy problem. Under the circumstances prevailing it is impossible to put into operation here certain measures adopted by other countries for the control of the disease.

121. Considering the great movements of population and the fact that the majority of the population of Hong Kong are Chinese subjects whose movements are practically unrestricted and who can cross and recross the border without hindrance the control of leprosy presents peculiar difficulties.

122. How to deal justly with the afflicted who are already within our borders and at the same time avoid any risk of attract- ing sufferers from neighbouring provinces who may become a burden on the rates is a problem which has exercised the minds of many and one which is most difficult to solve satisfactorily.

123. Before 1910 there was no law with regard to lepers. In that year the Lepers Ordinance was passed with the object of controlling the situation through the segregation of lepers who were British subjects and the expulsion of others. The Government was given the sole right of providing a refuge for the afflicted and it was made an offence for any one to harbour a leper.

124. No asylum or refuge was built and the net result of the 1910 act was to make the position worse than it was before. Under the law, except in the case of the man rich enough to provide for himself in his own domain sufficient isolation, no treatment by a private practitioner or treatment as an outpatient

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at a hospital was permissible however slight the symptoms. The Police had at once to be notified and the unhappy victim taken into custody to be expelled from the Colony if he were unable to prove himself a British subject or to be released to hide himself in hopeless isolation if he could so prove.

125. On the 13th of June was passed the Lepers Ordinance 1935 which repealed that of 1910. The new Ordinance looks upon leprosy less harshly than its predecessor. The unfortunate individual who has contracted the loathsome affliction through no fault of his own is now regarded as a human case of disease who has a claim to receive the same sympathetic treatment for his trouble as is accorded to any one suffering from any other disease of a contagious nature such as tuberculosis or venereal disease.

126. It is the intention of Government to establish a proper leper settlement in a suitable situation when the necessary funds are available. Unfortunately the severe financial depression prevented anything being done in 1935 or any provision being entered in the estimates for 1936. The settlement when built will not be solely a place of segregation but in addition a centre for inpatient treatment and retreat for those who are unable to provide for themselves.

127. In May 1935 arrangements were made with the Tung Wah Hospital Committee for the use of the Smallpox Hospital as a refuge for lepers. From then until the end of the year 44 cases were admitted (34 males and 10 females). .

128. The subsequent histories of those admitted were:

Discharged for treatment as outpatients at one or

other of the Government Hospitals

Transferred to Shek Lung Leper Settlement Discharged at their own request

Died

Remaining at the end of the year

∞ ∞ ∞ ∞

9

11

44

A European Medical Officer attended twice a week for the purpose of administering treatment.

Rabies.

129. Ten cases of this disease were reported during the year. Three cases occurred in humans the remainder in dogs. The human cases occurred in Kowloon. There were no cases on the Island of Hong Kong.

130. Two of the human cases had been treated with anti- rabic vaccine before the appearance of symptons. All were fatal.

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SECTION III.

Hygiene and Sanitation.

GENERAL REMARKS-ADMINISTRATION.

131. The Sanitary Department which is distinct from the Medical Department and over which the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services has no authority deals with the greater part of the sanitation of the Colony. The head of the department is an officer of the Cadet Service whose title is Head of the Sanitary Department.

132. The staff under his administrative supervision in- cludes:

(i) Two European and one Chinese Health Officers seconded

from the Medical Department.

(ii) Two Veterinary Surgeons.

(iii) Fifty European Sanitary Inspectors and five Asiatic Sanitary Inspectors. Seven probationary Chinese Sani- tary Inspectors were added to the staff in October.

There are a number of interpreters and a large staff of subordinates.

are:

133. Included among the responsibilities of this department

(a) the prevention or mitigation of epidemic, endemic, con- tagious or infectious disease in humans and animals. (b) the prevention of disease caused by mosquitoes. (c) measures for ensuring the purity and wholesomeness of

foods during their preparation, storage and sale.

(d) the control of abattoirs, markets, dairies and bakeries. (e) the control of eating houses.

(f) town cleansing, scavenging and collection of nightsoil. (g) the disposal of the dead.

134. For the purpose of sanitary administration by the Sanitary Department, the Island and the Peninsula have been divided into local sanitary areas, each with a sanitary office, and these in turn, have been sub-divided into Health Districts each in charge of a Sanitary Inspector.

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135. The City of Victoria is divided into four Sanitary areas and eighteen health districts. The villages on the south side of the island are in charge of one Inspector. Kowloon Peninsula has three health areas and ten health districts. It is estimated that on an average each Inspector has to deal with a population of 25,000, a very high figure for a tropical city, and especially for one so overcrowded as Victoria.

136. The Sanitary Department has no jurisdiction in any part of the New Territories with the exception of the urban area next to Kowloon and known as New Kowloon.

137. The following general review of work done and progress made in matters of sanitation is, so far as the Sanitary Depart- ment is concerned, based on facts supplied by the Medical Officer of Health. The Annual Report of the Sanitary Department is issued independently by the Head of the Sanitary Department.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES AGAINST MOSQUITOES AND INSECT BORNE DISEASES.

138. The only law on the subject is the following by-law made under the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance which is administered by the Sanitary Department:

"When the larvae of mosquitoes are found on any premises the Board may on the advice of the Medical Officer of Health or any Assistant Medical Officer of Health give notice to the owner or occupier of such premises to remove all accumulations of water from such premises or to take steps to prevent the recurrence of the breeding places of mosquitoes in any such accumulations of water and such owner or occupier shall comply with such notice forthwith.”

This by-law does not apply to the New Territories.

139. There are no special Sanitary Inspectors engaged in anti-mosquito work and the anti-mosquito brigade consists of two overseers and a squad of oiling coolies.

140. The routine work of inspection of premises for the presence of mosquito breeding was carried out by the district inspectors. Oiling of pools and destruction of mosquito breeding places was carried out by the anti-mosquito gangs.

141. The usual cutting of undergrowth in May and October was done in co-operation with the Botanical and Forestry Department as regards Crown Lands, and with the Military Authorities on Military lands.

"་་

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142. The Malaria Bureau of the Medical Department con- tinued to function throughout the year. The work done in- cluded:

(a) General survey of the Colony and New Territories for the purpose of ascertaining what species of mosquitoes exist and the life history of each.

(b) Research regarding insect borne diseases to determine the insect hosts and the conditions influencing the spread of infection.

(c) Special investigation in malarious districts with a view

to the eradication of disease.

(d) Local mosquito surveys for the abatement of mosquito

nuisances.

(e) Co-operation with Government Departments, the Mili- tary, Naval and Air Forces, Public Companies and private individuals with regard to the investigation and eradiction of malaria.

(f) The teaching of mosquitology.

A full account of the activities of the Bureau will be found in Appendix B.

GENERAL MEASURES OF SANITATION.

DOMESTIC CLEANLINESS.

143. Every domestic building or part of a building occupied by the members of more than one family must, unless especially exempted by the Sanitary Board, be cleansed and limewashed throughout by the owner, to the satisfaction of the Board, not less than once in every year, and notice in writing that such cleansing and limewashing has been completed shall be sent by the owner to the Secretary within three days after the date of completion.

144. It is the duty of the occupier of any domestic building to cause such building to be kept in a cleanly and wholesome condition and to see that the drains, traps, gratings, fall pipes, and sanitary fittings and appliances, are free from obstruction and in an efficient state of repair.

145. In Hong Kong there are 14,006 Chinese houses with 47,382 floors; in Kowloon there are 10,297 houses and 31,239 floors. During the year 156,594 floors in Hong Kong and 94,179 floors in Kowloon were cleansed. During the cleansing process all the furniture is moved and the floors and woodwork washed with kerosene oil emulsion.

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146. Considering that each inspector has to supervise a dis- trict with approximately 25,000 inhabitants, most of whom are ignorant of the rudiments of sanitation, the thoroughness of the cleansing operations is remarkable.

SCAVENGING.

147. Scavenging is carried out departmentally. There are twenty-three refuse lorries in use, fifteen being for Hong Kong and eight for Kowloon. 459 tons of refuse was collected daily and removed to the various refuse depots. The bulk of the refuse was ultimately disposed of by dumping in the sea at a shallow inlet with the ultimate object of reclaiming a large area and forming sites for factories.

CONSERVANCY AND SEWERAGE DISPOSAL.

148. The collection and disposal of night-soil in the Colony is carried out partly by the bucket system and partly by water carriage.

149. The excrement is removed by night from the latrines to a special fleet of junks which convey it up river to China where it is utilised as manure for the mulberry trees on which the silk worms feed.

150. Owing to the limitations of the water supply on the Island and the need for economy in the matter of consumption, it is necessary to restrict the number of water closets served by the public mains.

151. Where a sufficiency of water can be obtained from other sources, such as wells or streams, and the conditions otherwise are suitable, water closets are allowed. With regard to effluents, some enter the public sewers direct, some pass to biological tank systems to be treated before final discharge.

DRAINAGE.

152. Drainage both surface and subsoil is controlled by the Public Works Department. $196,200 was entered in the 1935 Estimates for a programme which included drainage, training of nullahs and sewerage. $60,000, which includes costs of resump- tion was provided for anti-malaria works.

WATER SUPPLIES.

153. The water supplies of Hong Kong and Kowloon are in charge of the Water Works Branch of the Public Works Depart- ment.

154. All the water is surface water and most of it is collected from catchment areas which are free from ordinary risks of pollution. The water, after storage for a longer or shorter period in impounding reservoirs, is filtered in some cases by slow sand filters, in others by the rapid system, and finally it is chlorinated.

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155. Routine examinations are carried out by the Govern- ment Bacteriologist and Government Analyst and the results furnished to the Water Authority. The results show that the water as supplied to the consumer is of excellent quality.

COMMON LODGING HOUSES.

156. Boarding Houses which include every place where any person is harboured or lodged for any kind whatsoever of hire or reward and where any domestic service whatsoever is rendered by the owner, lessee, principal tenant, occupier, or master to the person so harboured or lodged, but which do not include any boarding house for non-Chinese seamen within the meaning of the Merchant Shipping Ordinance, are licensed and controlled by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs under the Boarding House Ordin-

ance.

157. They include hotels, common lodging houses, places where empolyers lodge their employees and the premises of societies within the meaning of the Societies Ordinance, where -persons pass the night...

158. Under the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance "Common Lodging House" includes any house or part thereof or other permanent structure where male persons of the labour- ing, artizan or mechanical classes, not being members of the same family, to the number of ten persons or upwards are housed, but does not include a house or other permanent structure where shopmen or domestic servants are housed by their employers.

159. Under the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance the Sanitary Board is given power to make by-laws for the licensing, regulation and sanitary maintenance of Common Lodging Houses.

160. Sixteen by-laws have been made under this Ordinance, one of which passes the power of registering the houses and licensing the keepers to the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

161. In practice the Sanitary Department report on the condition of the house and if declared sanitary the Secretary for Chinese Affairs, if he be satisfied, registers it and licenses the keeper..

162. As mentioned above Boarding Houses include Common Lodging Houses. Some 550 Chinese Boarding House licences have been issued by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs. They vary in class from 3rd class lodging houses to 1st class hotels.

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LABOUR CONDITION.

163. There are no estates, plantations or mines, and com- paratively few large factories. The majority of the urban labour- ing classes are engaged in matters connected with commercè, shipping or public works and the bulk of the remainder find em- ployment in shops or workshops or independent businesses. There is no need for recruitment of labour, the supply being more than sufficient to satisfy all demands.

164. Labourers find their own accommodations in the many tenements and lodging houses which exist in Hong Kong and Kowloon.

165. The Factories and Workshops Ordinance administered by the Secretary for Chinese Affairs contains sections bearing on the health of factory workers. The Public Health and Buildings Ordinance also contains sections bearing on the health of factory workers.

166. Ordinarily there are no special arrangements for the medical care of labourers other than the Government Hospitals, the Chinese Hospitals, the Chinese Dispensaries and the Mission Hospitals. The total number of third class beds in these institu- tions available for general diseases are about 1,200 or 1 to 700 approximately.

167. Special arrangements were made for the care of the labourers engaged in the Shing Mun Water Works Scheme which was in full swing during the year. Anti-malaria precautions were taken and hospital accommodation and medical supervision provided.

HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING.

168. There is no Town Planning Ordinance and Housing comes under that portion of the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance which is administered by the Public Works Depart- ment. Except that offensive trades are confined to the western end of the town there is little or no zoning in the older parts of Victoria and blacksmiths shops and even foundries are to be found in the midst of shop-houses and domestic buildings. The new reclamation in Victoria called the Praya East has been laid out on modern lines with wide streets and back lanes. The greater part of Kowloon and New Kowloon has been planned on up-to-date principles and the zones recommended by the Town Planning Committee of 1923 are being adopted.

169. The buildings portion of the P.H. & B. Ordinance being out of date in many respects the Buildings Ordinance 1935 was passed to replace it. It having been decreed that this enactment should come into force in 1936 it had no bearing on activities taken in the year under discussion.

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—

170. The following list shows some of the work done during the year by, or under the supervision of the Sanitary Depart- ment (items 1-4) and the building branch of the Public Works Department (items 4 - 10).

Nature of Work.

1. Obstructions removed from open spaces

No. of Cases

1934.

1935.

458 1,565

2. Obstructions to light and ventilation

removed

1,604

1,769

3. Rat holes stopped

1,119

2,451

4. Water closets installed in private buildings 1,415

2,121

5. Houses demolished (domestic)

72

151

6. Houses demolished (non-domestic)

33

11

7. Houses erected (domestic)

420

297

8. Houses erected (non-domestic)

99

55

9. Houses re-constructed (domestic)

196

176

10. Houses re-constructed (non-domestic)

171. The City of Victoria for the area it occupies is over housed and grossly over-populated. In certain districts a great deal of improvement has been brought about but in some 200 acres where there are approximately 1,000 persons to the acre sanitary conditions are bad.

172. The position as regards housing in Victoria has been explained in the introduction to this report. The situation is at the same time a sanitary problem, a social problem and an economic problem. Victoria is the centre of attraction for the stream of immigrants from China, most of whom are poor people who live from hand to mouth. Accommodation is limited but the people must find shelter somewhere. A cubicle rents for ten dollars per month, a bed in the passage costs three to four dollars, food costs at least six dollars and the average earnings of a coolie are about eighteen dollars.

173. There is no space to build further houses and demoli- tion means an increase of concentration in those that remain.

174. One hopeful sign is that the people are being more and more attracted by Kowloon, Praya East and North Point where concentration is much less marked.

175. The following plans shew a common type of Chinese tenement house approved by the Building Authority.

176. Provided the occupants keep the premises clean and the windows free from obstruction to the light and ventilation and avoid overcrowding the building is hygienic and well fitted for human occupation.

--7′6′′- --- - -7'6"-->|

W.C.

78.

BALCONY

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KITCHEN

BLOCK PLAN

SCAVENGING LANE.

YARD

|---------15:0

PLAN OF A FLOOR IN A

MODERN CHINESE TENEMENT

SCALE I INCH

10 FT.

35.0

33.3%

STREET

SCALE 1 INCH = 30 FT.

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FOOD IN RELATION TO HEALTH AND DISEASES.

INSPECTION AND CONTROL OF FOOD SUPPLIES.

the Public

177. The laws dealing with this subject are Health and Buildings Ordinance and the Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance both of which are administered by the Sanitary De- partment. Stall-holders and hawkers, who come under the Licensing Ordinance, 1887, are licensed by the Police.

178. 80 samples of fresh milk were submitted for analysis under Section 12 of the Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance of which 75 were found to pass the standard and 5 to be below it. In addition the following samples were seized and submitted:

179. Apricot jam 1, Beer 1, Biscuits 6, Bread 49, Butter 15, Cheese 1, Chocolate 3, Coffee 14, Condensed milk 6, Flour 36, Ghee 3, Groundnut oil 13, Lard 11, Mustard 1, Pineapple 1, Rice 3, Sugar 10, Sweets 15, Tinned Products 26, Unsweetened Evaporated Milk 1, and Vinegar 1.

180. Prosecution was undertaken in one case where the sample failed to satisfy legal requirements.

181. The following foodstuffs were seized and destroyed under Section 82 of the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance:

Fruit 2,104 lbs., Vegetables 44,925 lbs., Fish 3,731 lbs., Biscuits 62 lbs., Meat 731 lbs., Cereals 6 lbs., Preserves and Condiments 798 lbs., Wheat 312 lbs., Tinned Milk 586 lbs., Lard 1 lb., Flour 3,920 lbs., Coffee 2 lbs., Coconut Oil 100 lbs., Curry Paste 3 lbs., and Dairy Products 105 lbs.

182. The following foodstuffs were voluntarily surrendered and destroyed:-

Fish 301 lbs., Vegetables 106 lbs., Meat 43 lbs., Preserves and Condiments 95 lbs., Eggs 3 lbs., Fruit 136 lbs., Dairy Products 6 lbs., Cereals 40 lbs., Biscuits 12 lbs., Flour 21 lbs., Tinned Milk 17 lbs., and Wheat 4,420 lbs.

MARKETS, SLAUGHTER HOUSES AND DAIRIES.

183. Markets.-The markets come under the Sanitary De- partment. There is urgent need for larger and better markets in the City of Victoria. These are being provided as funds permit.

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184. Slaughter Houses.-Slaughter houses and animal depots are controlled by the Veterinary Branch of the Sanitary Department. There is a Government depot at Kennedy Town (Hong Kong) for the reception of all cattle, sheep, swine and goats brought into the Colony for slaughter. The Government abattoirs are situated at Kennedy Town (Hong Kong) and at Ma Tau Kok (Kowloon). There are Government controlled slaughter houses at Aberdeen and Sai Wan Ho.

185. Dairies.-There are a number of dairies in the Colony all of which are licensed and inspected by the Sanitary Board.

DEFICIENCY DISEASES.

186. The only information available regarding deficiency diseases is furnished by the death returns and returns of diseases furnished by the Government Hospitals and Chinese Hospitals. The Hospitals deal with only a small proportion of the sick and the whole truth regarding the incidence of disease among the masses cannot be deduced from their figures. The death returns also are misleading in that the majority of cases were not treated by competent physicians prior to death and the Medical Officer examining a body in the mortuary had no history to assist him in coming to a conclusion as to the cause of death.

187. Beri-Beri.-Polished rice is the staple food of the masses yet beri-beri is not epidemic and the deaths from this disease formed only 2.54% of the total deaths. The total number of deaths recorded was 563 and the death rate per mille popula- tion 0.58. The total number treated in the Government Hos- pitals for this disease was 21; those treated in the Chinese Hospitals numbered 1,009.

MEASURES TAKEN TO SPREAD THE KNOWLEDGE OF HYGIENE

AND SANITATION.

188. The measures taken to spread the knowledge of Hygiene and Sanitation among the populace of Hong Kong are as follows:-Every year during "Health Week" the Y.M.C.A. arranges for a series of lectures to be given. The St. John Am- bulance Brigade from time to time spreads the gospel concerning some particular subject. A number of the schools teach elemen- tary hygiene. The Chinese Public Dispensaries arrange period- ically for popular lectures to be given by their medical officers. The "Schools" Branch of the Medical Department have a small demonstration centre and the school medical officers and nurses give lectures and demonstrations. At the Infant Welfare Centres endeavours are made to instruct the mothers who attend.

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189. Health instruction to serve any useful purpose must arouse and return the interest of those for whom it is intended. With regard to the masses little of practical value can be ac- complished without the active assistance of the mothers of the families, and the quickest and surest way of obtaining the con- fidence of the mothers is through health centres where free medical advice and treatment form the primary attraction and where the mothers make the acquaintance of tactful and sym- pathetic nurses who also act as home visitors. The second best means of influencing the mother is through the school clinic where her children are medically examined by the doctor and school nurse and where opportunity is taken to add propaganda to advice.

TRAINING OF SANITARY PERSONNEL.

190. The Medical Officers of Health hold classes and give lectures. Courses in chemistry, physics and sanitary engineering were held at the Technical Institute of the Education Depart- ment. At the Bacteriological Institute elementary instruction in bacteriology and mosquitology is given to sanitary inspectors.

191. Hong Kong is an examining centre for the Royal Sanitary Institute, and every year examinations are held for the Sanitary Inspector's Certificate and the Sanitary Science Certi- ficate. Candidates come from Shanghai to take these examina- tions. The results of the last test were very satisfactory.

SCHOOL HYGIENE.

192. The Ordinances which apply to school hygiene are the Education Ordinance 1913 and the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance 1903. The former is administered by the Education Department and the latter by the Sanitary Department. To some extent the two overlap.

193. Exempted schools, viz., Government schools, Military schools and schools exempted by the Governor-in-Council are not subject to the provisions of the Education Ordinance and Government schools and Military schools are exempt from the provisions of the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance in so far as construction and alterations are concerned.

194. There is a tendency in some quarters to look upon school hygiene as a special branch of public health which should be administered apart from the general public health administra- tion. This is a mistake. School hygiene forms an inseparable part of general public health and though there are aspects of the work which are best done by officers specially qualified, this should not be used as an argument for confining all matters relat- ing to sanitation and the prevention of disease among school children to a particular body dealing exclusively with schools.

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195. Because of the close connection between the school child and his home and through his companions with other homes, school hygiene and school welfare have an important influence on the general public health complex and especially is this the case where knowledge of hygiene and public health is of low standard among the working classes forming the bulk of the population, as happens in Hong Kong.

196. Not only is care of the school child's health of im- portance in preventing the development and spread of disease but the education of his mind in matters of hygiene and public health is the surest method known of spreading the gospel of health among the people. The two great propaganda centres for health are the school and the Infant Welfare Centre. That the child of today is the man of tomorrow is just as true in public health as it is in politics and this important fact should be more clearly recognised than it is at present.

197. In Hong Kong as elsewhere there should be the closet possible co-operation between the School Medical Officer, the Medical Officer of Health and the Education Officer, for without such cooperation it is impossible to get the best results. Educa- tion Officers can greatly assist the Health Officers by stimulating those in charge of schools to take prompt action where such is required in the interest of sanitation and the prevention of disease.

198. The schools of the Colony are divided into four classes, viz., Government schools, grant schools, subsidised schools and unaided schools. Where the medium of instruction is English they are called "English" schools; where it is Chinese they are called "vernacular" schools.

199. Government schools are those which have been provided by Government and which are staffed by members of the Educa- tion Department. Grant schools are institutions owned and ad- ministered by one or other of the several Missionary Organisa- tions which function in the Colony and which receive grants from Government. Subsidised schools are private institutions which receive a subsidy from Government when the conditions warrant it. Unaided schools are those which receive no support from Government.

200. Government schools and grant schools are institutions designed and constructed on the lines of good class schools in Europe and America. Having been planned on approved lines and being conducted by teachers possessing a knowledge of modern hygiene they are usually well up to the mark in matters. of hygienic importance.

- M 62

201. Many of the subsidised and most of the Unaided schools are "vernacular" schools where instruction is carried out in the Chinese language by teachers who have had no special academic training in school teaching and who to a great extent are ignorant of the true meaning of hygiene. The majority of these are institutions occupying one or more floors of old or newer tenement houses and controlled by private individuals who make their living out of teaching. Such buildings were never intended for schools and in many cases it is a practical impossi- bility to provide for the pupils all the amenities which are generally considered necessary even if the finances of the school proprietor permitted of this being done. Generally speaking they are deficient in floor space, lighting, ventilation and latrine accommodation.

202. Children enter the Primary Vernacular Schools at 6 - 7 years of age and remain there for five years.

The normal age for entering the secondary school is 12. The pupils who join the 8th or lowest class can rise one class each year until at 20 they are in the 1st class.

203. According to the Census the number of persons between five and fifteen years of age was 141,709. The total number of schools under inspection by the Education Department in 1935 was 1,114 and the number of scholars on the Roll was 75,480.

204. The following table shows the classification of schools and the distribution of, scholars

Government

Schools.

Schools.

Unaided

Grant Schools.

Subsidised

Schools.

Total

Class of Institution

No. of Scholars Schools.on Roll.

No. of Scholars

Scholars.

No. of

Schools.

on Roll. Schools.

Scholars

on Roll.

No. of Scholars Schools. on Roll.

M 53

English.

Primary

11

1,783

2

247

Secondary

4

2,150

13*

6,470

Vocational

2

992

Total:

17

4,925

15

6,717

113

3,940

5,970

13

1,504

10,124

992

126

5,444

17,086

Vernacular.

Primary

310

20,830

637

35,774

56,604

Secondary

Vocational

12

244

4

-998

1,242

221

128

1

199

548

Total:

3

465

4

998

311

20,958

638

35,973

58,394

Grand total:-.

20

5,390

19

7,715

311

20,958

764

41,417

75,480

This includes Ying Wa College whose primary department receives a Grant in Aid.

<

M 54-

205. The School Hygiene Branch of the Medical Depart- ment consists of the School Medical Officer, two Chinese School Medical Officers, one Lady Medical Officer (part time) and five School Nurses.

206. The purposes of a school medical service are not only to detect the sick and ailing in their early stages, but to seek for anomalies of growth and development, so that measures may be taken to prevent not only the progress of ill-health but also its causes. Its basis is the routine medical inspection of school children, and since they are collected together for definitè periods they form a section of the community whose health conditions are comparatively easy to ascertain.

207. Except that they have been gazetted Inspectors under the Education Ordinance to give them power of entry into certain classes of schools the School Medical Officers have no powers under either the Education Ordinance or the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance. They cooperate with the Medical Officer of Health and with the Education Officers. They act advisers to the Education Department but it rests with the latter to decided whether or not to accept the advice offered.

208. The duties of the School Medical Branch include:

(1) inspection of school premises.

as

(2) physical examination and re-examination of pupils.

(3) medical treatment with regard to (a) general diseases,

(b) defects of ear, nose and throat, (c) eye defects.

(4) health instruction and propaganda.

(5) office work, i.e., correspondonce, reports, statistics, etc.

209. With the limited staff available for the purpose it is only possible to deal with a small part of the total hygiene work calling for attention, and this applies equally to inspection of premises, examination of personnel, treatment of disease and general health instruction and propaganda.

210. With regard to inspection of premises 707 visits were paid to buildings in which it was proposed to establish verna- cular schools and concerning which application had been made to the Education Authority for registration. It not infrequently happens that several visits have to be paid to one building to ensure that the conditions demanded as a precedent to registra- tion have been carried out.

M 55

211. It was quite impossible to carry out routine inspections of schools already registered,and only where circumstances arose which demanded a special visit was one made.

212. This year, following a report by Mr. Burney, one of His Majesty's Inspectors of Schools, a special effort was made to survey all the vernacular schools in the Colony for which purpose a Sanitary Inspector was borrowed from the Sanitary Depart- ment. By the end of the year all the schools in the Urban districts of the Island had been visited (320 in number) and a report made on each. Before the Kowloon side could be com- pleted the Inspector was withdrawn.

213. With regard to physical examination of pupils attention was confined to 13 Government schools and 3 private schools. The primary vernacular schools containing 56,000 pupils were left more or less untouched' though it is here that the need for health measures is most urgent: for by the time these pupils have reached secondary school age and come under the eye of the medical officer their physical abnormalities, which perhaps might have been rectified if seen and treated sufficiently early, have become established as definite health defects.

214. In the year under review 4,655 medical examinations were made of which 4,199 were routine inspections and 436 re- inspections. Abnormalities discovered at the time of routine inspection are classified into two groups, viz., defects in need of treatment and conditions placed on an observation list for further consideration.

215. The incidence of defects in need of treatment (exclud- ing dental defects) varies with the type of school, the average being 21%. Dental disease has a very high incidence rate. The incidence rate of myopia varies from a small figure at seven years of age to 38% between sixteen and seventeen. The incid- ence in Government schools was 27.9% and most cases have been provided with the necessary correction glasses.

216. Postural deformities of chest- and spine are extremely common among entrants to Government schools.

217. X-rays which were used as an aid to the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis showed 27 positive in 967 examined, or 2.7%.

M 56

218. Treatment of Government school children is undertaken at three general and two special clinics which deal with visual defects.

Attendances were as follows:

Ellis Kadoorie School Clinic

948

Violet Peel Health Centre ...

602

Yaumati School Clinic

1,123

Special Clinics for eyes

370

Total:

3,043

219. School nurses in addition to assisting at the clinics paid 127 visits to the homes of pupils.

220. Two members of the medical staff are engaged at Government Hospitals on two forenoons and three afternoons in the week for the examination and treatment of eye defects. A third member on two afternoons attends the ear,

nose and throat clinic to deal with cases which are sent from the local school clinics. The number of attendances at the eye clinic was 370; at the ear, nose and throat clinic 794.

221. The teaching of hygiene in private vernacular schools leaves much to be desired. Most of the teachers have grown up in insanitary surroundings and having received no training in the subject regard it as one of little importance. The few who are sympathetic are handicapped by the fact that the school premises do not demonstrate the principles of hygiene. Where pupils are crowded together in badly lighted and badly ventilated rooms, where the only latrine accommodation is a commode in a small kitchen, and where the kitchen drain is used as a urinal by both teachers and pupils, the atmosphere can hardly be considered as favourable for the teaching of hygiene.

-

M 57

SECTION IY.

Port Health Work and Administration.

GENERAL.

222. Reckoned in terms of shipping tonnage, Hong Kong is one of the five greatest ports in the world. It is the principal commercial entrepot of Southern China and is the termination of steamship lines running between China, Japan and North America.

223. In 1935, 5,092 British ocean-going steamers and 6,802 foreign ocean-going steamers entered and cleared the harbour. In addition there were 9,612 river steamers, 6,101 launches, and 17,946 foreign trade junks. The total tonnage of vessels enter- ing and clearing was 41,487,477.

224. The Medical Staff engaged in Port Health duties con- sists of two European Health Officers and two Chinese Medical Officers.

The work of the department includes:-

(a) Routine inspection of ships.

(b) Quarantine duty.

(c) Medical inspection of emigrants.

(d) Disinfection and fumigation of ships.

(e) Vaccination. -

225. The laws dealing with the subject of Quarantine and Port Health are contained in Table L of the Hong Kong Port Regulations, the Asiatic Emigration Ordinance and the Vaccina- tion Ordinance.

SI

226. During the year 10,748 inward bound ocean-going vessels were boarded by the Health Officers. Of these 6,325 were on the British register and 4,423 on the foreign register.

227. River boats from Canton, Macao and West River Ports, also junks and small craft are normally visited only when cases of sickness or death are reported. However all river steamers are regularly inspected by a Health Inspector, whose duties are mainly concerned with the cleanliness and sanitation of such vessels.

228. During the year 134 special visits were made to ships for the purpose of examining persons suffering from infectious. but non-quarantinable diseases.

M 58

229. 56 permits for the landing of corpses for burial were granted and 33 bodies were sent to the mortuary for postmortem examinations. Five cases of leprosy were detected amongst Chinese passengers. 23 Chinese lunatics, 2 British lunatics and 1 Filipino lunatic arrived in the Colony during the year. Bills of Health numbering 1,661 were issued.

out

QUARANTINE.

230. Hong Kong has no quarantine station for ships' pas- sengers or crews. When segregation is necessary it is carried on board ship at the Quarantine Anchorage. A limited number (26) of infectious cases can be accommodated at the Government Infectious Diseases Hospital at Kennedy Town but there is no room for contacts.

231. All vessels arriving from "infected" ports and those having infectious or suspicious cases on board fly the "Q" flag and go to a quarantine anchorage for examination.

232. The monthly return of quarantine ships is given in Table V.

233. During the year 2 vessels were detained in quarantine. For details, see Table IV. Fumigation and disinfection of these vessels and of the clothing and personal effects of those on board were carried out.

234. The total number of persons medically inspected during 1935, was 240,069 or an average of 640 examinations per day.

EMIGRATION.

235. The Asiatic Emigration Ordinance No. 30 of 1915 requires that emigrant ships shall have:-

(1) Proper and sufficient living accommodation.

(2) Proper and sufficient sanitary requirements.

(3) Proper and sufficient hospital accommodation.

(4) A sufficient supply of drugs, medical equipment and

disinfectants.

It also makes provision for:-

(1) A proper diet scale.

(2) The prevention of the export of the unfit.

(3) The prevention of the export of infectious diseases.

M 59

;

236. The Vaccination Ordinance 1923 requires that all emi- grants from the Colony shall be protected against Smallpox by vaccination:

mot qula makes

ர

to earboo

237. The duty of carrying out the sanitary and medica inspection and for vaccinating those who are insufficiently protected falls on the Port Health Officers.m Ingoltenveral edt

238. Emigrants are elassified as

(1) Free emigrants or those who pay their own passages.Ex au tober derow bar (Leis difccH

(2) "Assisted emigrants or those whose passages are paid

their prospective employers.

(3). Women and children.

qaar te pdi

MW

239. The total number of emigrants examined during the year was 158,300 of whom 154,767 were free and 3,538 assisted. The number of rejections was 623.

-

240. The continued improvement in the economic conditions in Malaya resulted in an increase in the number of emigrants proceeding to the Straits Settlements 102,674 as against 86,192 in 1934 and 20,324 in 1933. The total number of emi- grants leaving Hong Kong in 1935 was 158,300 as against 138,240 in 1934 and 64,181 in 1933.

DISINFECTION AND FUMIGATION.

241. Ship disinfection and disinfestation which was at one time carried out by a private company is now done by the Disinfection and Fumigation Bureau of the Port Health Office.

242. The Disinfecting and Fumigating Plant consists of:-

(A) The hulk "Aldecoa" housing two large steam disinfec- tors and providing accommodation for the bathing and cleansing of a large number of passengers and the disinfection and dis- infestation of their effects.

(B) One dumb barge carrying a large B. Type Clayton apparatus.

(C) One A. Type Clayton machine.

(D) Dutch ovens, sprays and other apparatus used in ship disinfection and ship disinfestation.

243. The Secretary of the Bureau who had been taken on the staff when Government took over the plant resigned his position and left Government service at the end of September. It was decided not to fill his post.

i

M 60

244. In September a Sanitary Inspector was recruited by the Crown Agents for the post of Port Health Inspector, Hong Kong. This officer was sent to the Port of London to undergo a course of instruction in modern ship fumigation and deratisation. When he arrives early in 1936 Hong Kong will be in a position to issue Deratization and Deratization Exemption Certificates on the International modeł.

VACCINATION.

245. The Government Vaccinators are members of the Port Health Staff and work under the general supervision of the Port Health Officer. They work at the Vaccination Centre and on board ships, but are detailed for work wherever required.

246. The number of vaccinations performed by these officers was 53,645 of which 39,806 were emigrants.

- M 61-

TABLE I.

SHOWING EMIGRATION PASSES AND REJECTIONS FOR 1935. ·

Pas-

Port of Destination.

Crews.

Rejects.

sengers.

Straits Settlements .......

102,674

3,991

352

Canada

4,555

13,251

87

United States of America..

3,289

10,323

43

Honolulu

559

5

Dutch East Indies

23,937

10,559

46

British North Borneo ......

4,482

2,154

28

Shanghai and Japan

5,827

7

Australia

677

2,963

6

South Sea Islands

792

121

7

Panama

407

6

Havana

69

2,247

1

Brazil

685

396

Argentine

17

204

Chile

1

97

Mauritius

493

4

Reunion

149

1

Madagascar

97

175

South Africa

49

994

4

India

6,051

13,461

15

Hoihow

770

Portuguese East Africa ..

18

Mexico

18

Peru

319

537

5

Saigon

51

Manila

2,314

6

Total

158,300

61,573

623

-M.Q2

TABLE TI.

SHOWING MONTHLY RETURNS OF EMIGRANTS, CREWS AND

REJECTIONS.

Months

Ships Examined

Pas-

sengers

Crews

Rejects

January

28

12,810-

4,663

15

February

21

7,804

3,598

8

8

March

35

26,811

5,671

66

April

37

16,824

5,692

May

33

16,418

5,927

855

39

97

June

32

11,106

5,101

68

July

31

10,745

5,276

54

August

September

8888

33

8,747

5,312

333333

53

29

12,370

5,019

69

October

34

13,133

5,369

68

November

31

9,561

5,872

60

December

26

11,971

4,073

26

Total

370

158,300

61,573

623

M 63

TABLE III.

SHOWING CAUSES OF REJECTIONS OF EMIGRANTS.

DISEASES.

Skin Diseases:

Scabies

Tinea

Papular Urticaria

Impetigo

Favus

Dermatitis

Eye Diseases:

Trachoma'

Acute Conjunctivitis Ophthalmia Infectious Diseases: -

Chicken pox

Measles

Small pox

Small pox Convalescent

Vaccinia

Leprosy

Fever

Morphia Addiction

Debility

Catarrhal Jaundice

Deformity

Syphilis

Phthisis

Chronic Nephritis

Cellulitis

Septic Hand

Injury to Chest Abscess of Chest

Abscess of Neck

Abscess of Hand

Injury to Head Ascites

Dysentery

-Enteritis

Tonsillitis

Senility

Tuberculous Osteitis

Epithelioma

Lunacy

No. REJECTED.

2

2

1

138

2

1

13

4

2

1

2

1

381

8

3

3

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1.

1

1

1

1

1

Total

623

V

M 64

TABLE IV.

SHOWING THE NUMBER OF SHIPS DETAINED IN QUARANTINE WITH PORTS OF ORIGIN, CAUSES, DATES AND PERIODS OF DETENTION.

Name of Vessel.

From which Port.

Cause.

Cases.

Date of arrival in Quarantine.

Date of de- parture from Quarantine.

Talma

In emigration

Smallpox

1

19. 1. 35

19. 1. 35

Kutsang

In emigration

Smallpox

1

13. 3. 35

14. 3. 35

TABLE V.

SHOWING NUMBER OF PASSENGERS, CREWS AND SHIPS ARRIVING IN

QUARANTINE IN EACH MONTH,

Months.

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Total

1935.

No. of Passengers.

No. of

No. of

Crews.

Ships.

632

*491

5

2,336

1,242

16

5,162

1,607

19

3,091

832

9

475

372

1

69

76

53

176

2

469

950

13

513

870

13

285

495

11

13,085

7,111

90

TABLE VI.

SHOWING QUARANTINE NOTIFICATIONS ISSUED BY THE HONG KONG

GOVERNMENT FOR 1935.

Port of Locality.

Diseases.

Date of Notification.

Date of Cancellation.

1. Hoihow...

Smallpox No. 79 of 25.1.35. No. 314 of 18.4.35.

2. Bangkok. Cholera

No. 729 of 23.9.35.

M 65

SECTION Y.

Maternity and Child Welfare.

247.

MATERNITY HOSPITAL ACCOMMODATION.

Hospital.

Authority in Control.

Beds.

Government Civil

Government Medical Dept.

21

Victoria

Do.

Do.

26

Kowloon

Do.

Do.

34

Tsan Yuk

Do.

Do.

46

Tai Po Dispensary

Do.

Do.

5

Wanchai

Chinese Committee

31

Tung Wah

Do.

24

Tung Wah Eastern

Do.

14

Kwong Wah

Do.

59

Alice Memorial

London Mission.

12

St. Paul's

French Mission,

Q

Canossa

Matilda

War Memorial

Hong Kong Sanatorium &

Hospital

Cheung Chau

Kam Tin

Italian Mission.

2

Board of Trustees.

Do.

∞ ∞ N

8

Board of Directors.

St. John Ambulance Ass'n.

12

Do.

Do.

8

Sha Tau Kok

Tsun Wan

Do.

Do.

7

Do.

Do.

7

Total

337

248. The maternity hospitals will be described under Section VI.

: MIDWIVES.

249. Under the Midwives Ordinance 1910 a Midwives Board was established with powers to make regulations regarding. (a) the course and training of midwives, (b) the certification of approved persons and (c) the regulation of midwifery practice.

M 66

250. No one whose name is not on the Midwives Register may practise midwifery habitually for gain or describe herself as one specially qualified to carry on the work of a midwife.

251. Training Schools for Midwives have been established at the Government Hospitals, Alice Memorial and Affiliated Hos- pital, Tung Wah Hospital, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital and the H.K. Sanatorium and Hospital.

252. The course of training is as follows:

(a) for those who have less than two years general training two years at a Maternity Hospital recognised as such by the Board.

(b) for those who have had two years training in general

nursing one year at a recognised maternity hospital. (c) for those who are Registered Nurses (by examination)

under the Nurses Registration Ordinance, Hong Kong,. six months at such Maternity Hospital as aforesaid.

253. During the year thirty-four candidates satisfied the examiners at the Midwives Board Examinations and were certified.

254. The total number of names on the Midwives Register at the end of 1935 was 317 as compared with 283 in 1934.

255. The number of appointments on the Government Mid- wives Establishment was increased from 12 to 15. Of these 6 were detailed for extra duty in connection with the Chinese Public Dispensaries at Shaukiwan, Aberdeen, Yaumati, Sham- shuipo and Kowloon City. The remaining 9 were stationed at the various Government Dispensaries in the New Territories. The post at Cheung Chau was abolished when the St. John Ambulance Association Hospital was opened.

256. During the year 2,097 cases were attended by Govern- ment midwives as compared with 1,823 in 1934.

are:

257. The services of all Government midwives are free.

ANTE-NATAL AND INFANT WELFARE WORK. 258. The ante-natal and infant welfare centres in the Colony

The Government Infant Welfare Centre, Wanchai The Government Infant Welfare Centre, Kowloon.

The Tsan Yuk Hospital Centre.

The Tung Wah Hospital Centre.

The Alice Memorial Hospital Centre. The Military Centre.

1

M 67

Infants are of course seen and treated at all hospitals both as inpatients and outpatients and at all the Chinese Public Dispensaries.

259. With regard to the New Territories, Government has made provision for infant welfare at the six Government Dis- pensaries. The Government Travelling Dispensary which stops at road-side villages dispenses advice and medicines free.

260. The St. John Ambulance Brigade have established 9 centres in the New Territories where infants and mothers can receive treatment.

THE GOVERNMENT INFANT WELFARE CENTRES.

261. Infant welfare work received a further stimulus when the Violet Peel Health Centre was opened by His Excellency the Governor on May the 13th. This centre the first of its kind erected in the Colony occupies one corner of an open square reserved for a playground. It includes an Infant Welfare section, a school welfare section, a polyclinic and dispensary and a Venereal Diseases clinic.

262. The Infant Welfare section was occupied on the day following the opening of the building. The accommodation provided which includes a waiting room, a demonstration room, a doctor's consulting room, a crêche, a soup kitchen, servants' quarters and lavatories-is much superior to that available in the shop houses formerly occupied.

263. The central position, the more imposing building and the more commodious quarters had the effect of increasing the daily attendance until in July it had risen to an average of 82 per day. During the following three months, the daily attend- ance had to be limited owing to absence of some of the staff on sick leave or casual leave and there being no reliefs available.

264. The Venereal Diseases Clinic which has its own en- trance for the general public but which can be entered by a side door from the main building provided a great convenience to the Infant Welfare Officer when mothers suffering from venereal disease came under her notice.

265. In Kowloon Infant Welfare work continued in the rented quarters at 225 Nathan Road. The attendances were well maintained.

M .68

*

266. Attendance:-The attendance at the two Centres and other particulars of interest are shown in the following tables: --

Wanchai

Kowloon

Month:

Total Attendance

Daily

Total

Daily

Average

Attendance

Average

January

1687

64.88

1241

47.70

February

1491

67.77

926

42.09

March

· 1775

68.26

1186

46.00

April May June

1472

64.00

1077

47.00

1552

62.08

1213

48.52

1637

71.17

1102

47.91

July

2144

82.47

1498

57.61

August

1791

64.10

1472

56.60

September

1640

68.33

1201

50.00

October

1827

70.27

1350

52.00

November

1612

64.80

1421

56.84

December

1555

67.80

1354

56.41

Particulars of Interest

Wanchai

Kowloon

Total attendance for the year Number of infants under super-

vision

20,183

15,041

2,215

136

1,073

80

Maximum attendance on one day Average age of infant at first

visit

Percentage breast-fed at first

visit

Percentage of males

Percentage living near Centre ... Number of vaccinations per-

formed

Number of Wasserman re-

actions tested

Percentage of Positive Wasser-

man Reactions

Number of Home Visits paid

Average daily attendance for

soup

3 months 7 days 3 mths. 14 days

65

68.5 per cent 54 per cent

per cent

50.7 per cent

79 per cent

73 per cent

346

172

1,047

622

7.5 per cent

13 per cent

295

144

14.6 per cent

36.9 per cent

M 69

267. Diseases: -As in other years it was found that the great majority of infants required medical treatment on their first visits. The number found suffering from the more prevalent diseases and disorders are tabulated under:

:

Wanchai

Kowloon

Digestive Disturbances

866

538

Malnutrition

744

351

Infected Umbilicus

86

51

Umbilical Hernia

66

51

Conjunctivitis...

477

174

Discharging Ears

49

39

Thrush

285

205

Skin Diseases

481

272

Phimosis

335

117

Jaundice

33

16

Anaemia

20

22

Congenital Syphilis

80

89

Rickets

5

Respiratory Diseases

753

380

268. Wasserman Reaction:-Since the end of March, rou- tine examination of the blood of all new cases for Wasserman reaction has been made. The number of blood tests at each Centre was 1,047 at Wanchai, and 622 at Kowloon, and the percentage of Positive Reactions was 7.5 per cent at Wanchai, and 13 per cent at Kowloon.

269. Soup Kitchen:-The free distribution of soup to the poor nursing mothers and their older babies was continued throughout the year at both Centres to the great benefit of these people. The average daily attendance for soup was 14.6 at Wanchai, and 36.9 at Kowloon.

270. General Remarks:-Incorrect feeding with its trail of digestive disturbances continues to be our most difficult problem. Morning talks were given for some months but were discontinued when it was found that Mothers were unable to make the mental effort to listen. More time is now given to the individual instruc- tion of each mother on her first and second visits, impressing on her the importance of regular feeds and of suitable artificial feeds when required. We have still the problem of the many mothers who are unable to read the clock.

271. During the year, the Society for the Protection of Children has continued to give valuable help by supplying milk for artificial feeds to poor mothers, and by visiting cases referred to them.

M 70

272. Home visits by the nurses at both Centres were con- tinued when time was available.

273. Staff:-The Infant Welfare Staff consists of one European Lady Medical Officer, assisted by two Chinese Lady Medical Officers, five nurses, two part-time apprentice-dispensers, one interpreter-assistant, three amahs, and two coolies.

274. Valuable assistance has been given by a number of voluntary helpers, among whom must be mentioned Mrs. C. W. E. Bishop who has completed another year of good work.

THE TSAN YUK INFANT WELFARE CENTRE AND

ANTE-NATAL CLINIC.

275. The Clinic is restricted to babies who have been born

in the hospital. The number of new cases was 718 (628 in 1934) and the number of old cases 1847 (1,796 in 1934). The average attendance per clinic was 52.35 (47.52 in 1934).

276. The ante-natal clinic has been in existence for more than five years.

The total number of patients who attended the clinic was 189 and the total number of visits paid was 289. The Chinese look upon pregnancy as a normal occurrence and as a rule they come to the clinic only to find out the probable date of delivery.

THE ALICE MEMORIAL INFANT WELFARE CENTRE

AND ANTE-NATAL CLINIC.

277. The Alice Memorial Infant Welfare Centre like that of the Tsan Yuk deals only with babies who have been born in the hospital. There were 405 first visits and 390 return visits.

278. At the Ante-Natal Clinic there were 234 first visits and 134 return visits.

THE CHINESE HOSPITALS INFANT

WELFARE CENTRES.

279. The Tung Wah Infant Welfare Centre is held once a week under the supervision of the Western trained medical officers. The babies are weighed and the mothers advised con- cerning feeding and care of infants. The total number of attendances was 2,523 that for 1934 was 2,291.

280. The Childrens' Clinic at the Kwong Wah Hospital is held twice a week. The number of cases seen was 5,288. An Ante-Natal Clinic is held weekly in the Maternity Block, where 110 cases were seen during the course of the year.

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SECTION VI.

Hospitals, Institutes, Etc.

GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS.

281. The Medical institutions provided by Government for the use of the populace include:-

Hospitals-general

3

-mental

1

-for maternity & gynaecology

1

1

-for infectious diseases

Centres for radiology & electro-therapeutics... 3

Social Hygiene or V.D. Clinics

Infant Welfare Centres

Rural Dispensaries

4

2

6

1

Travelling Dispensary

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL.

282. The Government Civil Hospital, which was built in 1874 and which occupies a site in the middle of the most populous area, is the largest Government hospital in the Colony. It has accommodation for 246 patients, including the 21 mater- nity beds, which are in a Bungalow separated from the main buildings. The majority of the maternity beds and about 100 beds in the main building are under the control of the Clinical Professors of the Hong Kong University, who have been appoint- ed respectively Physician, Surgeon, and Obstetric physician to the hospital and who are responsible to the Director of Medical and Sanitary Services for the duties they perform in the hospital. They have also been appointed consultants to Government. The University Clinic do all the outpatient work except that connected with the Eye Clinic and Venereal Diseases Clinic which are attended to by the Government Specialists.

283. Dr. D. J. Valentine, M.C., was Medical Officer in charge until 29th January, 1935, when he was relieved by Dr. L. D. Pringle. Dr. I. Newton took over the duties on 3rd April, 1935, and continued in the office until the end of the year. Dr. G. H. Thomas, Dr. A. D. Wong and Dr. S. F. Cheung were assisting.

284. The number of inpatients, exclusive of those in the maternity block, was 5,047 (5,063 in 1934), of which 915 were treated by the University staff and 4,132 by the Government Medical Officers.

- M 72-

285. The 915 patients treated by the University staff were made up as follows:

Medical cases

Surgical cases

382

407

126

Gynaecological cases

286. The daily average number of inpatients was 189 that for the previous year was 196.

287. The nationality of the patients was:-

Chinese

Indian

European

Russian

Other nationalities

3,568

1,070

322

13

74

5,047

288. A large proportion of the total patients receive treat- ment free of charge.

289. There were 425 deaths. The case death rate was 84.21 per mille (62.5 per mille in 1934).

290. 1,257 major operations were performed (1,273 in 1934). Of these 760 were from the University Surgical Clinic, 127 from the University Gynaecological Clinic and the remaining 370 were performed by the Government Medical Officers.

291. There were 1,403 accidents of a nature so serious as to require treatment as inpatients (954 in 1934).

292. Police Wards.-The total number of admissions and deaths were as follows:

Admissions.

Deaths.

British

89

Russian shipguards

9

Indians

548

2

Chinese (Cantonese)

120

4

Chinese (Wei-hai-wei)

147

Total

913

6

293. The number of Government Servants treated by the Government Medical Officers as outpatients was 9,942.

:

- M .73

294. Outpatients.-Outpatients are treated both in the general block and in the special outpatients department. The number of attendances, exclusive of Venereal Diseases cases, was 106,435 (32,478 in 1934). The number of prescriptions dispensed was 79,727 (63,224 in 1934). The number of vaccinations was 1,586, and the number of dog-bite cases treated was 202.

Maternity Bungalow at the Government Civil Hospital. 295. The Bungalow has accommodation for twenty-one patients and is mainly for the use of Asiatic women.

296. There are three general wards with a total of sixteen beds, two private wards with two beds each and one isolation ward with one bed.

297. The majority of patients are under the care of the Pro- fessor of Obstetrics of the University, he being at the same time Obstetric Physician to the Government Civil Hospital.

298. The admissions during the year were 1,041 (939 in 1934), making a total of 1056 cases treated. There were alto- gether 951 deliveries of which 193 cases were under the care of the Government Medical Officers and 758 under the Professor of Obstetrics and his Assistants.

299. The daily average number of patients in the hospital was 19 excluding infants.

300. The Nationalities of the patients were as follows:

Malay Portuguese

Japanese

Indians

Chinese

Total

1

1

17

72

965

1,056

301. There were eight Maternal deaths. Twenty-nine infants were stillborn.

302. The reports of the Professors in charge of the various University Clinics will be found in Appendix D.

The Mental Hospital.

303. The Mental Hospital which is an annex to the Govern- ment Civil Hospital has accommodation for 14 Europeans and 18 Asiatics.

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304. This institution is intended for use only as a temporary abode for the mentally affected pending arrangements being made for their transfer to Europe or Canton.

305. The Medical Officer of the Government Civil Hospital is in administrative charge.

Patients.

Remaining from 1934 ....

40

Admissions during the year

310

350

Discharged apparently cured

91

Discharged relieved

75

Transferred to the Canton Mental

Hospital

Died

138

3

43

350

Remaining at end of 1935

Daily average number of patients 50.3.

VICTORIA GENERAL AND MATERNITY HOSPITAL.

306. The Victoria Hospital which was originally built for the accommodation of women and children is now a general and maternity institution. Situated in the residential area well above the level of the town it has a clear view across the harbour of Kowloon and the hills beyond. There are 46 general beds and 26 maternity beds.

307. Dr. J. E. Dovey was Medical Officer in Charge through- out the year.

cases were treated, 424 in the Maternity Block. The patients were men 70, women 184 and

308. During the year 490 General Block and 66 in the treated in the General Block children 170. There were 4 deaths.

309. The daily average number of patients exclusive of maternity patients was 14.2.

310. The Nationality of those treated was:

European

Chinese

Other nationalities

Total

384

12

28

424

:

M 75

The Maternity Block.

311. The Maternity Block which stands in its own grounds has a separate staff. Private Practitioners have the privilege of making use of this institution for the treatment of their cases.

A

312. The admissions to the hospital during the year were 65 of which 11 were patients of private practitioners. The corres- ponding numbers for 1934 were 65 and 8.

313. The daily average number of patients was 2.6 adults and 2.2 infants.

314. There were 55 deliveries with no maternal deaths.

KOWLOON HOSPITAL.

315. This institution which is situated on an elevated site towards the base of the Kowloon peninsula occupies a portion of a hospital reserve of 30 acres.

316. This reserve will ultimately contain a five hundred bed general hospital, a mental hospital and an infectious diseases hospital.

317. The hospital is being built block by block as finances permit. At present it consists of three general blocks, a mater- nity block, an outpatients block, two sets of quarters for Medical Officers and two sets of quarters for Sisters and Nurses. There are 97 general beds and 34 maternity beds.

318. The new and up to date Outpatients Block was opened on March 11th. This building which measures 136′ × 60′ over all is divided into a major section for general diseases and a minor section for venereal diseases each with its own entrance. The main section contains a clerks office, a large waiting hall, con- sulting rooms, examination rooms, a laboratory and a dispensary. The venereal diseases section which is complete in itself comprises a waiting room, a clerks office, consulting rooms and treatment rooms. In addition to the general entrance there is a special one through which patients can pass from the general section for treatment without the nature of their ailments becoming known to others.

319. Dr. J. T. Smalley, Senior Medical Officer, was in charge during the year, assisted by Dr. G. V. A. Griffith, Dr. C. H. Luk, Dr. C. K. Yu and Dr. H. T. Bee. Dr. K. H. Uttley and Dr. G. H. Henry gave part time assistance.

320. The V. D. Clinic was in charge of Dr. J. A. R. Selby and the Eye Clinic in charge of Dr. G. M. Hargreaves.

321. The total number of cases treated in hospital was 3,077 as compared with 2,321 in 1933 and 2,536 in 1934.

M 76

322. The nationalities were made up as follows:

European

Chinese

Indians

Others

Males.

Females.

Total.

425

326

751

1,521

534

2,055

11

12

23

145

103

248

2,102

975

3,077

323. The deaths numbered 202 of these 148 being Males and 54 being females.

324. The daily average number of patients was 90.2 (88.7 in 1934).

325. During the year 1,308 operations were performed under general anaesthesia (785 in 1934).

326. The number of police admitted was as follows:

Europeans. 70

Chinese.

173

Indians.

1

Outpatients Department.

327. The number of outpatients' visits recorded as compared with previous years were as follows:

New cases Old cases Dressings

1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935.

9,731 10,449 12,439 13,813 23,053 5,333 7,167 7,040 8,986 14,143 6,833 8,111 8,331 9,512 16,998

21,897 25,727 27,810

27,810 32,311 54,194

In addition 1,120 vaccinations were performed (542 in 1934).

328. The number of prescriptions dispensed during the year was 30,159 (18,328 in 1934).

Maternity Block.

329. The number of beds is 34.

330. Admissions during the year numbered 657.

331. The daily average number of patients was 15.6.

332. There were 539 deliveries. There were 4 maternal deaths.

M 77

THE TSAN YUK MATERNITY AND

GYNAECOLOGY HOSPITAL.

333. This hospital which was formerly administered by the Committee of the Chinese Western Dispensary, was handed over, as a gift, to Governinent on January 1st, 1934.

334. The administrative control is vested in the Medical Officer in Charge of the Government Civil Hospital, but all treat- ment both of inpatients and outpatients is carried-out by the obstetrical and gynaecological unit of the University.

335. The total number of beds is 60, of which 46 are reserved for maternity cases and 14 for gynaecological patients.

336. The total number of cases treated was 1,772 of whom 34 remained from 1934 and 1,738 were admitted.

There were 7 deaths.

337. The maternity cases numbered 1,541 of whom 1,412 were delivered. Seven Mothers and 29 infants died and there were 53 still-births.

338. The number of cases treated in the Gynaecological Department numbered 197.. 126 operations were performed.

339. The following table shows the attendances at the Out- patient Department:-

New

Clinic

cases

Return visits

Average attendance

Total

Total

1934

1935

al clinic

Gynaecological

734

600

26.68

1,484

1,334

Venereal Diseases

250

812

22.59

1,777

1,062

Antenatal

189

100

6.02

319

289

Infant Welfare

718 1,847

52.35

2,424

2,565

Total

1,891

3,359

26.91

6,004

5,250

THE GOVERNMENT INFECTIOUS DISEASES

HOSPITAL.

340. This was originally a Police Station but was adapted as a hospital and has accommodation for 26 beds in six wards. The hospital is situated very close to the extreme western end of the Island and next door to the Tung Wah Smallpox Hospital. It is admirably situated for its purpose being more or less isolated yet convenient for access by ambulance, by bus, or by launch.

př

M 78

341. Dr. G. I. Shaw was in charge during 1935.

342. There was only one admission during the year and that was a case of Chicken-pox.

RADIOLOGY, MASSAGE AND ELECTRO-

THERAPEUTICS.

343. Dr. F. J. Farr, Radiologist, was in charge of this branch during the year. He was assisted by Mr. J. Skinner, M.S.R, B.P.A. and Mr. J. Robertson as Radiographers, and Miss L. M. Siggins, C.S.M.M.G., B.P.A., and Miss M. H. Hughes, C.S.M.M.G., B.P.A., as Masseuses and Electrothera- peutists.

344. Schemes for training local pupils in massage and radio- technique having been approved two probationer masseuse assis- tants and two probationer radiographic assistants were appointed.

345. Mr. Hong Ping Yuen, seconded from the Electrical Department, P.W.D., continued to act as technician in charge of X-Ray and Electrical apparatus. He was most successful in maintaining the apparatus in good condition and in expediting repairs.

346. The activities of this branch are carried out partly at the Government Civil Hospital, partly at Kowloon Hospital and partly at Victoria Hospital. Victoria Hospital has no X-Ray plant.

347. The work which has doubled in the last four years con- tinues to increase. The following table shows the figures for each year:

Massage and electric treat-

ments

1932. 1933. 1934. 1935.

9,498

10,579 12,947 18,077 Radiological examinations.. 2,696 3,076 3,991 4,897 Films exposed

4,521 5,477 8,208 8,577

348. Of the 4,897 radiological examinations 3,682 were done at the Government Civil Hospital and 1,215 at the Kowloon Hospital as compared with 3,133 and 858 in the previous year.

349. The increase in the number of massage and electrical treatment cases was most marked at Kowloon where the new rooms-provided at the expense of an already inadequate clinical accommodation-afforded better facilities for treatment than were formerly available.

M 79

350. The following table shows for comparison the figures at the three centres:-

Kowloon

G. C. H. Victoria

1934.

1935.

7,077. 10,946

4,939

6,385

931

746

351. On both sides of the harbour there is need for more extensive and more appropriate accommodation both for X-Ray work, for massage and for electro-therapy. The new Queen Mary Hospital will provide the necessary accommodation on the Island. A new block at Kowloon is urgently required.

352. Three new X-Ray machines were installed during the year. One, a combined screening and radiographic unit is in- tended ultimately for use in the operating theatre of the Queen Mary Hospital. The other two sets are mobile units, one for Kowloon Hospital and the other for Queen Mary Hospital.

353. Considerable difficulty was experienced with the Metalix "S.A." X-Ray tubes. These tubes appear to be more susceptible to the effects of excessive humidity than the earlier models, and two were rendered useless from electrical faults during the year. The installation of the mobile unit at Kowloon Hospital was delayed by these breakdowns and a "Victor" X.P.3. tube was eventually fitted. This tube has not yet had sufficient trial, but results have been very satisfactory.

354. The routine use of X-Ray paper was continued for suit- able cases.

A total of 3,576 sheets were exposed resulting in a saving of £199.10.0 the difference between the cost of the paper and the cost of films.

355. Considerable use was made of the Radium lent by the Matilda Hospital Authorities. It is a matter for regret that the therapeutic value of this material was considerably reduced by the lack of modern X-Ray therapy.

VENEREAL DISEASES CLINICS.

356. There are four Government V. D. Clinics in the Colony. The first was opened at the Government Civil Hospital Out- patient Department in 1928, the second, an ad hoc centre at South Kowloon close to the docks, in April 1933, the third at Kowloon Hospital Out-patients Department in March 1935, and the fourth at the Violet Peel Health Centre in Wanchai district, Victoria, in September 1935.

357. All treatment is given free of charge.

?

M 80

358. Clinics are held daily as follows:

At the Government Civil Hospital:- Monday.-5 p.m. for Europeans.

Monday and Wednesday.-10 a.m. for Chinese. Tuesday.-9 a.m. for Europeans. Thursday.--10 a.m. for Indians. Friday.--10 a.m. for women only.

At the Violet Peel Health Centre, Wanchai:

Wednesday. 10 a.m. for European males. Thursday-2 p.m. and Saturday.-10 a.m. for

Chinese males.

4

Thursday.-10 a.m. for females.

Friday.-10 a.m. for Indian males.

This Clinic is open daily from 9 a.m. to 12 noon and from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. for the treatment of males and from 11 a.m. to noon for the treatment of females. A trained dresser attends to males and a trained nurse to females.

At the South Kowloon Centre near the docks:

---

Monday.-10 a.m. & Thursday.-2 p.m. for Indians. Monday.-2.30 p.m. for women only.

Tuesday.-10 a.m. & Friday.-2.30 p.m. for

Chinese males.

Tuesday.-2.30 p.m. & Saturday.-10.30 a.m. for

Europeans.

This Clinic is open daily from 8 a.m. to 12 noon and from 1 p.m. to 8 p.m. for the treatment of males and from 9 a.m. to 10 a.m. for the treatment of females.

A trained dresser attends

to male patients and a trained nurse attends to female patients.

At Kowloon Hospital:-

Tuesday.-2.30 p.m. for males only. Friday.-2.30 p.m. for women only.

359. New cases treated in 1935:

--

Europeans Chinese

Indians

Others

Total

M. F. M. F. M. F.

M. F. M. F.

11

G. C. H. Violet Peel

South Kowloon. .73 Kowloon Hosp.

4

147 7 3317 1463

59

HOOG

'1 2066 638 96

0

96 150 16

969 561 73

186 114

1131

80000

17

2031

4 2 2225

642

126

151

3 1132

567 202 122

193

CO

6

238

6 3685 1482

M 81

360. Number of Attendances in 1935:-

Europeans Chinese

Indians

Others

Total

M. F.

M. F. M.

F.

M. F. M. F.

G. C. H.

545

Violet Peel

66

South Kowloon.

595

Kowloon Hosp.

16

17

9000

8901 3361 1700 463 799 305 2963 2228 1294

756 339

14

20 95

48

2436

20

4 11166 3375

♡40

848 808

5947 2255

3

826: 359

(1222

26 13083,6727 3347 30 135

14 18787 6797

361. The 24 beds reserved for male V.D. cases at the G.C.H. were kept occupied during the year. There is an urgent need for beds for female patients and children.

362. A number of children diagnosed at Infant Welfare Centres to be suffering from venereal disease were referred to the V.D. Clinics for treatment. This was specially the case at the Violet Peel Welfare Centre where the Infant Welfare Centre and the V. D. Clinic occupied adjacent quarters under the same roof.

363. 7,941 specimens of blood were sent to the Bacteriolog- ical Institute for the Wasserman test. The results were as follows:

Males. Females. Total.

Strong positive

1,869 623 2,492

Positive

439

145

584

Weak positive

377

88

465

Doubtful

406

99

505

Negative

2,673

1,222

3,895

5,764

2,177 7,941

364. 11,784 injections of N.A.B. and 1,359 injections of Bismuth were given to outpatients.

Staff.

He was

365. Dr. J. M. Gray was in charge during the year. assisted by Dr. Cheung Kung Leung (Chinese Medical Officer) and Mr. A. Steven (Technical Assistant). The Government Chinese Lady Medical Officers, Doctors Lai, Ruttonjee and Cheng, assisted in the clinics for women. Miss Ivy Soong was nurse for the year.

M 82

INFANT WELFARE CENTRES.

366... The Infant Welfare Centres, two in number, have been described in Chapter V.

GOVERNMENT DISPENSARIES.

367. The Dispensaries maintained by Government during the year under review were the Taipo Dispensary, the Un Long Dis- pensary, the Ruttonjee Dispensary, the Lady Ho Tung Welfare Centre, the Sai Kung Dispensary and the Tai-O Dispensary, all in the New Territories. Details with regard to these will be found in Section X which deals with the New Territories.

THE CHINESE HOSPITALS (TUNG WAH GROUP) AND THE CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.

368. The Chinese Hospitals and Chinese Dispensaries are institutions established by the Chinese for the benefit of the poor of Chinese nationality. Intended to be additional to, not in substitution of, the Government Hospitals they serve a very useful purpose not only in the matter of medical relief but in that of health education.

369. An enormous and ever-increasing number of sick too poor to pay a doctor's fee or to buy proper medicine, are success- fully reached.

370. There are three general hospitals each with maternity wards attached, one smallpox hospital, one maternity hospital and nine public dispensaries.

371. They are maintained by subscriptions from the public, by donations from the Chinese General Charities Fund and by direct grants from Government. They are controlled by Chinese Committees who work in close co-operation with the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

372. In the three general, hospitals both Western Medicine and Chinese medicine are practised the former by graduates of the Hong Kong University the latter by a staff of local herbalists. The patient when entering is given the choice of treatment.

373. In the Smallpox Hospital all treatment is carried out by herbalists.

374. Western medine only is practised in the Chinese Public Dispensaries.

375. Both Hospitals and Dispensaries are subject to inspec- tion by the Government Medical Department. There are four officers of the Department whose duty it is to visit the various institutions and to give advice and assistance. These officers work in close touch with the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

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THE TUNG WAH GROUP OF HOSPITALS.

376. The Tung Wah group of hospitals comprising the Tung. Wah Hospital, the Tung Wah Smallpox Hospital, the Kwong Wah Hospital and the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital are Chinese institutions whose relation to Government has been established by Ordinance. They are subsidised by Government and are subject to inspection by certain Government officiais.

377. The authority in administrative control is a Committee of Chinese gentlemen elected each year by the subscribers.

378. The activities of the Chinese Hospitals include:

(a) The care of the sick and treatment by Western methods or Chinese methods according to the wishes of the patients.

(b) Maternity benefits and infant welfare by Western

methods only.

(c) Vaccination.

(d) Health propaganda.

(e) Assistance to the destitute.

(f) The provision of coffins for the burial of the dead.

379. Much progress has been made in all departments of the hospitals during the last few years. These improvements

include:

(a) The appointment of University graduates as full-

time Resident Medical Officers.

(b) The foundation of training schools for female nurses. (c) Extensions and improvements in the male nursing

section.

(d) The establishment of clinical laboratories.

(e) The provision of radiological apparatus.

(f) The establishment of up-to-date operating theatres.

(g) The purchase of motor ambulances.

(h) Improvements in the accommodation for patients. (i) Improvements in quarters for the staff.

380. Today each of the three Chinese Hospitals has a good operating theatre where operations are performed daily, many of which are major in character.

381. In charge of the medical side (Western) of each hospital is a Medical Superintendent, a graduate of the University, whose salary is paid by Government, and who is a member of the Medical Department.

M 84

THE TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

382. The Tung Wah Hospital situated in the centre of the most thickly populated area in Victoria was founded by the Chinese in 1873 with the help and encouragement of the Govern- ment. It took the place of a Home for the Dying which had been conducted by charitable Chinese, and it was intended to provide treatment by Chinese herbalists, and accommodation in sanitary surroundings for the poor of the Chinese race. Origin- ally intended for the accommodation and treatment of those Chinese whose fears and prejudices against Western Medicine prevented their applying for relief at the Government Hospitals, the Tung Wah at a later period introduced and encouraged scientific methods. As prejudice disappeared and confidence grew the demand for Western medicine increased until now the number being treated by this method equals that which still pins its faith to the plasters and decoctions of the herbalists.

383. In 1933 and 1934 the older and more insanitary of the buildings comprising the hospital were demolished and their place taken by structures of more modern design. A few old wards still remain but these will be replaced when financial circumstances permit of this being done.

384. In the present stage there is accommodation for 434 beds and this number will be increased when the back wings of the new six storey block are completed.

385. The new outpatients department is a great improve- ment on the old one.

386. Despite the difficulties caused by the slump and the consequent reduction of income the Directors not only main- tained the standards left them by their predecessors but effected considerable improvements.

387. The outpatient departments both for western treatment and herbalist methods were transferred from the gloomy and unhygienic quarters formerly used to new premises well lighted and ventilated on the opposite side of the road.

388. The tuberculosis wards of the Yan Yan block having become vacant owing to the transfer of the patients to the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital opportunity was taken to convert them into quarters for nurses. This made it possible to accommodate the necessary number of nurses required by the hospital and to bring the number up to standard.

389. Special cooking places for the stewing of herbs to make infusions were constructed.

M 85

—

390. The staff consists of a Chinese Medical Officer of the Government Medical Department and three Assistant Medical Officers whose salaries are paid by the Hospital. There are in addition a number of Chinese Herbalists who practice Chinese medicine for the benefit of those who prefer that treatment.

391.

1934 1935

Inpatients (General).

Western Chinese Maternity Total. treatment. treatment. Cases.

5,671 5,480 7,157 4,984

1,320 12,471 1,833 13,974

392. There were 1,651 operations including 350 major cases.

393.

Outpatients (General).

Western Chinese treatment. treatment.

Total.

1934

1935

34,748

23,227 159,511 182,738 170,584 205,332

394.

Eye Clinic.

1934

13,883

1935

16,312

395.

Baby Clinic.

1934

2,291

1935

2,523

396.

Deaths.

Brought in dead.

1934

2,170

687

1935

2,539

645

397. A large proportion of the deaths in the Hospital occur within 24 hours of admission. The sick poor go there to die. Those brought in dead include bodies sent from ships in harbour, from neighbouring hospitals, from the Public Dispensaries and from private houses. All are taken to the Tung Wah for the benefit of free coffining and free burial.

THE KWONG WAH HOSPITAL.

398. This hospital does for Kowloon and the Peninsula what the Tung Wah and the Tung Wah Eastern do for the Island of Hong Kong. There is official accommodation for about 326 beds, of which 229 are for general diseases, 40 are for tuberculosis cases and 59 are for maternity cases. There are 18 private wards including 7 for maternity cases.

399. The accommodation cannot keep pace with the growth in population. Kowloon has considerably more than doubled itself during the last ten years. No patient is turned away for want of room and in both medical and surgical wards it is common to find two in a bed, and others sleeping on the floor.

M 96

400. The staff consists of a Chinese Resident Medical Officer whose salary is paid by the Government, and three Assistant Medical Officers paid by the Directors.

401. There are also a number of Chinese Herbalists who practise Chinese medicine and are paid out of Hospital funds.

402.

Inpatients.

Western Chinese Maternity Total.

treatment. treatment. Cases.

1934

1935

5,902

2,883 4,406 13,191

7,365

3,364

4,439 15,168

403. There were 408 operations, including 160 major ones.

404.

Outpatients.

Western Chinese Total.

treatment. treatment.

1934

1935

45,934 138,745 184,679 47,700 162,779

210,479

405. There were 3,590 eye cases as compared with 3,813 for the previous year.

406. The number of deaths in hospital was 4,075 of which 1,646 were admitted in a serious condition and died within 48 hours.

407. There is a small laboratory where facilities are available for ordinary routine microscopic examination.

408. A children's clinic is held twice a week. The attend- ance numbered 5,288 as compared with 2,670 in 1934.

409. There is also an antenatal clinic held once a week in the Maternity Block. The number of cases seen was 110.

THE TUNG WAH EASTERN HOSPITAL.

410. This hospital is situated at the eastern part of the City of Victoria. It was built in 1929: and overlooks the Sookunpo Valley playing-fields. It has modern fittings and equipment. All the wards have through ventilation and there is a modern well-lighted operating theatre. It has accommodation for 236 beds, of which 194 are for general, 14 for maternity and 28 for tuberculosis patients. A ward of 14 beds has been closed temporarily.

T

M 87

411. The staff consists of a Chinese Medical Officer whose salary is paid by Government, and two Assistant Medical Officers appointed by the Directors. There are also herbalists.

412.

1934

1935

413.

Inpatients.

Western

Chinese Maternity Total.

treatment. treatment. Cases.

3,050 2,528

954

6,532

4,847 2,185

1,154

8,186

Major Operations under

General Anaesthesia.

1934

1935

186

127

414.

Outpatients.

1934

1935

Western Chinese treatment. treatment.

22,117 58,954 81,071 28,122

61,358 89,480

Total.

415.

Vaccination.

1934

1935

854

438

416. Two wards have been set aside (one male and one female) for patients who are able to make some payment but who cannot afford a private room. The charge in these wards is $1.40 per day including food and medicine. Each patient can, if he desires, bring in an attendant to help in looking after him. There are 14 beds in the Male ward and 8 in the Female.

417. There are 24 small private wards where the inclusive fee per day is $3.00. The wards are popular.

418. A ward of 12 beds has been reserved for the treatment of opium addicts. These patients are mostly business men who find they cannot afford the luxury of opium in these days of depression. They appear to be earnest in their desire to rid themselves of their handicap. The course of treatment is usually complete within three weeks. The cost is defrayed by Government. During the year 441 patients were treated.

419. Deaths in 1934 numbered 1,661. A large proportion of these (935) died within 24 hours of admission.

755 bodies were brought in for burial.

M 88

THE TUNG WAH SMALLPOX HOSPITAL.

420. The Tung Wah Smallpox Hospital, erected in 1902 for the herbal treatment of smallpox cases, consists of six wards arranged in three two-storied blocks and faced by another group of three two-storied blocks intended for staff quarters and for administration purposes.

421. At a distance and separated by a yard are the kitchens, the servants' quarters and the mortuary. The whole is contained in a large compound.

422. This hospital at the time of its construction was con- sidered to have all the requirements necessary for the proper treatment of smallpox cases by Chinese methods.

423. There is room for 60 cases without overcrowding but there is no arrangement for heating the wards and no water carriage system.

424. The staff consists of a Chinese coolie as a caretaker and an amah. There is no resident doctor and no clerk and there are neither dressers nor nurses.

425. Considered to be a herbalist hospital it is seldom visited by any of the Western-trained Tung Wah staff, and for all prac- tical purposes it is controlled by the caretaker. There being no trained staff resident and the control being such as it is there must be grave doubts regarding the efficiency of the disinfection processes and the means taken to prevent dissemination of disease by patients, contacts and formites.

426. When there are any patients requiring his attentions à herbalist from the Tung Wah visits daily and prescribes infusions but there is no attempt at nursing. Certain hospital clothing is provided but the patients as often as not wear their own clothes.

427. 7 cases of smallpox were admitted during the year. There was 1 death.

428. There can be no doubt that conditions at this so called hospital are most unsatisfactory both from the point of view of the public and the patients. For some time past it has been badly upkept and it is now in a very delapidated state and unworthy to be called a hospital. As an institution for the segregation and treatment of the infectious sick it has outlived its usefulness and is now obsolete.

429. There being in the Colony no accommodation for the housing of lepers the Directors consented to Government tem- porarily using a portion of the institution as a refuge for these unfortunates. Since May, 1935, it has been so used.

İ

M 89

THE CHINESE PUBLIC DISPENSARIES.

430. The origin of the Chinese Public Dispensaries was a movement made in 1904 by certain leading Chinese citizens to stop the practice of dumping dead bodies by providing receiving houses for the sick and for the dead which would act also as information bureaux where the poor could obtain advice and assistance in matters connected with:

(a) the removal of patients to hospital.

(b) certification as to cause of death.

(c) removal of corpses to mortuaries.

(d) supply of coffins and arrangements for burial.

(e) the registration of births.

(f) vaccination.

431. In 1905 two depots were established, the Western and the Eastern, under a Committee, consisting of the Chairman of the Tung Wah Board of Directors and two unofficial Chinese members of the Sanitary Board.

432. In immediate charge of each depot was a Chinese doctor qualified in Western medicine and his staff consisted of an English-speaking clerk and a number of subordinates.

433. In 1908 the movement ceased to be connected with the Tung Wah and the Committee became the Chinese Public Dis- pensaries Committee under the Chairmanship of the Registrar General, now the Secretary for Chinese Affairs.

434. It was declared at the time that the work of the depots or dispensaries was not hospital work and that the Chinese doctors employed were simply to diagnose disease and not to treat it. However, treatment centres were needed and treat- ment, commenced in a small way, gradually developed until now the principal function of the dispensaries is medical relief.

435. It is worthy of note that as far back as 1896 a Com- mission appointed by Government to advise regarding the Medical Department recommended the establishment under Government control of dispensaries in different parts of Victoria and Kowloon. However, none were built and the Chinese Public Dispensaries today occupy the positions which under other circumstances would have been filled by departmental institutions.

436. There are now nine Chinese Public Dispensaries, five on the island of Hong Kong and four in Kowloon. The Tsan Yuk Maternity Hospital, which was formerly administered by the Committee of the Chinese Western Dispensary, was handed over to Government as a gift on January 1st, 1934.

- M 90

437. Two of the Dispensaries are still housed in rooms attached to temples. Another, that at Aberdeen, consists of two rented shops temporarily adapted for

for the purpose. Gradually however up to date buildings are taking the place of the temporary ones. The Dispensaries at Shaukiwan and Wan- chai are excellent buildings of their kind, as are also those at Yaumati and Kowloon City.

438. A new dispensary is in course of erection at Sham-* shuipo a little distance from the existing building.

439. The dispensary in the highly congested central area of Victoria is inadequate for present day requirements.

440. Once a week at each of the Dispensaries a gynaecolog- ical clinic is held by one of the Government Lady Medical

Officers. In some there are two clinics a week.

441. Investigations are carried out at the Government Bacteriological Laboratory for the various dispensaries. The work consists largely of examination of bloods for malaria.

442. Very good propaganda work was done during the year by four "street orators' appointed by and paid by the Chinese Public Dispensaries Committee for the purpose of spreading the gospel of public health to the people. They rendered valuable service to the police by lecturing and distributing pamphlets during the "Safety First" campaign held at the beginning of the year.

443. Situated in the most thickly populated districts these dispensaries fulfil a most useful purpose, not only in the treat- ment of disease but also as foci for the spread of knowledge concerning the cause of disease, the means of spread and the value of Western drugs and methods both in prevention and

cure.

444. Each dispensary is an official registery office for the births occurring in the district served by it. During the year 16,500 births were registered at Dispensaries.

Last but not least, each dispensary has a room at-: tached to it where dead bodies can be received for transport to the mortuaries preliminary to burial. Coffins are provided free.

SUMMARY OF WORK DONE IN THE DISPENSARIES DURING 1934.

Patients.

Patients

Corpses

Certifi-

Patients

removed removed

cates of

to Ilos.

from

Dispensaries.

sent to

causes of

Hospital.

death.

New

Old

pital

by Am-

bulance.

Homes

Dead

infants

brought

Vaccina-

Gynaecological Cases seen by Lady Doctor.

tions.

to Dis-

for free

burial.

pensary.

New

Old

cases.

cases.

cases.

cases.

M 91-

Central

34,056

34 247

11

1

15

41

4,990

311

679

Eastern

17,526

19,554

13

10

12

Western

23,868

17,242

31

7

23

50

202

6,183

541

909

24

304

6,229

Shaukiwan

26,022

46,885

18

62

1

242

9,231

801

1,288

Aberdeen

8,705

6,371

54

3

1,039

308

315

Yaumati & Harbour

48,002

37,396

46

128

27

1

133

11,896

1,508

1,832

Shamshuipo

35,436

21,726

37

13

270

13,877

885

1,861

Hung Hom

3,540

810

12

43

11

2

33

1,766

449

359

Kowloon City

20,656 10,312

56

55

6

7

135

5,682

434

868

Total for 1935

217,811

194,743

193

391

64

115

1,360

60,893

5,237

8,111

Total for 1934

188,885

159,932

237

422

66

81

1,471

54,283

4,730

5,528

WORK DONE AT THE GYNAECOLOGICAL CLINICS.

No. of Clinics

Total No.

New Cases

Old Cases

Average attend- ance per day.

C. P. D.

1934

1935

1934 1935

1934 1935

1934

1935

1934 1935

M 92

Central

48

49

648

990

257

311

391

679

13.5

20.2

Eastern

42

43

1,164

1,450

549

541

615

909

27.7

34.0

Shaukiwan

98

101

1,781

2,089

817

801

964

1,288

18.2

20.7

Aberdeen

51

49

523

623

271

308

252

315

10.3

12.7

Yaumati

99

99

2,776

2,340

1,400

1,508

1,376

1.832

28.0

33.7

Shamshuipo

94

89

2,211

2,746

877

885

1,334

1,861

23.5

30.9

Hung Hom

44

42

594

808

325

449

269

359

13.5

19.2

Kowloon City

49

48

561 1,302

234

434

327

868

11.4

27.0

Total:

525

520

10,258 13,348 4,730

5,237

5,528 8,111

18.26 24.8

•

M 95

SECTION VIII.

Meteorology.

458. Situated just within the northern limits of the tropics occupying an insular position immediately to the south of the great land mass of China, Hong Kong's climate is very materially influenced by the direction of the prevailing winds.

459. The North East Monsoon blows from November to May and during this period the weather is dry, cool and invigorating. From May until October, the season of the South West Monsoon, the air is highly charged with moisure and the -climate is hot.

-

460. The mean annual temperature is 72°F. During the summer months the average maximum temperature is 87°F. and there is little difference throughout the twenty-four hours. Situated on the north side of the Island the City of Victoria gets all the heat and moisture of the South West Monsoon but not the breeze itself which is cut off by the mountain behind the town. During the winter months the range of temperature is from 70°F. to 45°F. with an average of 66°F.

461. The table on the following page gives the means or totals of the meteorological data for the several months of the year 1935. The data for this table were kindly supplied by the. Director of the Royal Observatory, Hong Kong.

M 94

452. During the year there were 3 executions.

453: 9 male prisoners were released on medical grounds, 6 of whom were lepers, one female prisoner was released on account of pernicious anaemia.

REMAND HOME FOR JUVENILES.

454. The Belilios Reformatory, which for many years had been used for other purposes, was on the 20th November, 1932, re-occupied as a Remand Home for Juveniles.

455. There were 39 boys remaining in the home at the end of 1934 and 1,864 were admitted during the year, making a total of 1,903 of whom 34 remained at the end of 1935.

456. The Prison Medical Officer visits the home weekly and at other times, if required.

457. The general standard of health of the inmates was good. 363 boys were vaccinated on admission. 146 cases of minor injury and sickness were treated in the Home and 30 cases were sent to the Government Civil Hospital. Scabies, 59 cases, was the commonest ailment treated. The majority of the remaining cases were minor injuries

infections.

and septic

skin

Prison.

Total Prisoners

Admitted.

Daily Average No. of inmates.

Total admissions to Hospital.

Daily Average No. of prisoners in hospital.

Total Outpatients.

Daily Average number of

outpatients.

Deaths due to

disease.

Death rate i.e. % of deaths to total ad- missions to prison.

Victoria (Male)

Lai Chi Kok (Male)

**

13,175 980 1,149 23.64 19,918 67.29

25 0.19

423 8.48 5,006, 13.72|

1 0.0076

642

Lai Chi Kok (Female) 2,965 174 162 4.48 2,494 6.83 1 0.034

All male prisoners are admitted to Victoria Gaol in the first instance and no prisoner is transferred to Lai Chi Kok unless he is passed medically fit.

Serious cases from Lai Chi Kok are transferred to the Victoria Gaol Hospital for treatment.

+

M 93

SECTION VII.

Prisons.

445. The principal prison. in the Colony is Victoria Gaol where there is accommodation for 650 males. At Lai Chi Kok on the Kowloon side of the Harbour is the Lai Chi Kok Prison where there is accommodation for 640 males. The Female Prison is situated near to the Lai Chi Kok Prison and has ac- commodation for more than 100.

446. All male prisoners are admitted to Victoria Gaol where they are carefully examined by the Medical Officer. Some, including all who are not passed as medically fit, remain in Victoria, others are transferred to Lai Chi Kok. Female prison- ers go direct to the Female Prison.

447. The total number of admissions to all prisons was 16,140 of which 13,175 were males and 2,965 females. Of these 1,353 males were fifty years of age or over.

448. In Victoria Gaol there is a small hospital of 30 beds. At the Lai Chi Kok Prison there are 12 beds for non-serious cases, serious cases are transferred to Victoria Gaol Hospital. The Female Prison has 9 beds for sick cases.

449. For cases which require special treatment there are prison wards in the Government Civil Hospital and in the Kow- loon Hospital.

450. 38 cases were transferred to the Government Civil Hospital (15 for X-ray examination) and 6 to the Kowloon Hos- pital (3 for X-ray examination) for treatment not available in the Prison Hospital, while 10 cases were transferred to the Mental Hospital.

451. There were 25 deaths amongst the male prisoners and 3 amongst the females. The causes of death were:

ww

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Dysentery

17

2

Disseminated Tuberculosis

1

Acute Bronchitis

1

Septicaemia

1

Broncho-pneumonia

1

Aortic valvular disease of the heart Myocardial degeneration

1

25

METEOROLOGICAL DATA.

The following Table I gives the means, totals or extremes of the Meteorological Data for the several months of the year 1935.

M 96

Barometer

Temperature.

Humidity.

Wind.

Month.

at M.S.L.

Cloudiness Sunshine.

Rain.

Mean.

Absolute Mean

Max.

Max.

Mean.

Mean Absolute

Rel.

Abs.

Direction. Velocity.

Min.

Min.

ins.

p.c.

ins.

p.c.

hours.

ins.

Points. Miles p.h.

January

February

30.17

75.7

64.3

60.0

56.8

47.0

79

0.42

79

106.2

1.090

E/N

11.8

30.11

76.6

65.7

61.0

57.9

42.9

80

0.44

74

109.2

1.130

E

14.5

March

}

30.02

82.2

71.3

66.1

62.8

56 6

83

0.54

81

106.6

4.665

E

13.5.

April

29.92

85.5

74.3

70.3

67.1

56.7

0.66

87

77.2

2.455

E

14.0

May

29.84

89.2

82.3

77.3

74.3

68.2

0.79

75

143.1

4:785

E

13.4

June

29.77

90.2

86.9

82.2

78.7

76.0

83

0.90

82

154.1

14.425

SSW

7.7

July

29.67

91.2

86.7

81.9

78.6

75.1

86

0.93

157.6

22.210

SE/S

10.0

August

29.72

92.7

87.6

82.1

78.2

75.3

84

0.92

217.8

6.030

SW/W

7.2

September

29.83

89.4

83.1

78.4

.74.7

65.2

82

0.80

71

153.4

7.370

ENE

12.4

October

29.96

89.0

82.0

77.7

74.8

70.0

83

0.79

68

184.9

5.815

E/N

13.7

November 30.09

84.2

75.9

71.2

67.8

54.4

77

0.60

63

173.9

0.355

ENE

13.6

December

30.18

78.0

65.1

60.4

56.3

46.7

76

0.41

67

130.3

1.040

NE/E

8.6

Mean total

29.94

92.7

77.1

72.4

69.0

42.9

82

0.68

74

1,714.3

71,820

E

11.7

or extreme

M 97-

SECTION IX.

Scientific.

A.--BACTERIOLOGICAL INSTITUTE.

462. The activities of the Institute include:- (a) the preparation of vaccine lymph.

(b) the preparation of anti-meningococcic serum. (c) the preparation of bacterial vaccines. (d) the preparation of anti-rabic vaccine. (e) examination of pathological material. (f) examination of waters, milks, etc., etc. (g) medical research.

463. The Institute is under the charge of the Government Bacteriologist who is assisted by the Assistant Bacteriologist, one Chief Laboratory Assistant and five Laboratory Assistants..

464. Particulars of the work done during the year are con- tained in the Annual Report of the Bacteriologist which is appended.

B. THE PUBLIC MORTUARIES.

465. There are two public mortuaries, one being situated in Victoria and the other in Kowloon.

466. At these places for the reception of the dead are received:

(a) bodies from the Chinese Hospitals and Chinese

Public Dispensaries for diagnosis.

(b) bodies forwarded by Convents which have received them either moribund or dead, from relatives and friends.

(c) dumped bodies, that is to say, bodies which have been taken from the place of death under cover of the night and dumped in the streets or in the harbour to save the trouble and expense of burial. The great majority of these cases have died a natural death and there is no need for concealment. (d) bodies sent by the Police for medico-legal examina-

tion.

(e) bodies sent by the Medical Officer of Health for examination for signs of infectious disease or for simple diagnosis.

M 98

467. In all cases where a diagnosis cannot otherwise be made a sectio cadaveris is performed.

468. All dead rats collected by the Sanitary Authorities are taken to the mortuaries for examination with regard to plague.

469. During the year both Mortuaries were in charge of Medical Officers who had been detailed for this work in addition to their other duties.

PUBLIC MORTUARY, VICTORIA.

470. Report on Post-mortem Examinations, 1935:-

Number of examinations performed

Male bodies examined

2,133

980

Female bodies examined

1,152

Sex unknown owing to advanced decomposition

1

Claimed bodies sent from hospitals, etc.

125

Unclaimed bodies mostly abandoned

449

Bodies of infants sent from Italian Convent

1,559

Number of Chinese bodies examined

2,125

Number of Non-Chinese bodies examined

8

Male. Female.

Total.

Number of bodies under

2 years of age

682

1,017

1,699

Number of bodies over 2

years of age

298

135

433

Bodies were received from the following sources:-

Victoria

Shaukiwan District

Other Villages

Number of rats examined

Number found plague infected

2,039

65

29

95,156

Nil.

M 99

PUBLIC MORTUARY, KOWLOON.

471. Report on Post-mortem Examinations, 1935:-

Number of examinations performed

Male bodies examined

Female bodies examined

Bodies of unknown sex (indistinguishable)

Claimed bodies sent from Hospitals, etc.

Unclaimed bodies mostly abandoned

Number of Chinese bodies examined

Number of Non-Chinese bodies examined

3,107

1,785

1,306

16

68

3,039

3,094

13

Male. Female. Unknown. Total.

Number of bodies under

2 years of age ... 1,338 1,107

Number of bodies over

6

2,451

2 years of age

447 199

10

656

•Bodies were received from the following sources:

Kowloon District

2,815

Harbour Police

207

Elsewhere

85

Number of rats examined

97,575

Number found plague infected

Nil.

M 100

SECTION X.

THE NEW TERRITORIES.

Public Health and Sanitation.

472. The New Territories comprise the mainland between Kowloon and the Sham Chun River and a number of islands including Lantau which is larger than Hong Kong. The mainland is so indented by bays, harbours and coves that it may be said to consist of a number of irregular peninsulas many of which are almost islands. Both mainland and islands are of similar geological formation, being barren granite hills or mountains separated by fertile valleys.

473. For general administrative purposes the New Terri- tories have been divided into two districts-North and South each under its District Officer. The Northern District which is chiefly mainland is approximately 200 square miles in extent. The Southern District has roughly 100 square miles of which 40 only are mainland, the rest being islands.

474. For the purposes of medical administration it has been found convenient to divide the Territories into a Western Medical District and an Eastern Medical District, the boundary line being the range of hills which extends from North to South and which separates the waters running East from those going West or South.

475. The Western District includes the West Coast and the South Coast with the hinterlands stretching back to the hills. The circular road crosses the boundary at the 3rd mile and at the 32nd mile. The islands of Tsing, Lantau, Cheur.g Chau and Lamina form part of this district.

476. The Eastern District includes the whole of the East Coast with its hinterlands.

477. Each medical district has approximately 150 square miles.

478. With regard to population the only information avail- able is that contained in the Census Report where the figures refer to police districts only. The populations of the various villages in those districts are not known. The following is taken from the 1931 Census Report:-

M 101

Western Medical District.

Police District.

Population.

Mainland:-

Tsun Wan

5,335

Ping Shan

12,660

Au Tau

12,877

Lok Ma Chau

4,377

35,249

Islands:

Lantau

7,409

Tung Chung

1,713

Cheung Chau (5,477 land, 7,045

floating)

12,522

21,644

56,893

Eastern Medical District.

Police District.

Population.

Mainland:

Sha Tau Kok

8,941

Sheung Shui

10,208

Taipo

12,684

Shatin

4,346

Saikung

7,585

43,764

Islands:

Po Toi Group and Cheung Kwan O

District

3,100

3,100

46,864.

479. The population is grouped into villages which are situated mostly on the lower levels, viz., on the flats facing the sea or in the valleys leading up to and between the hills. Some of the villages are easy of access by rail or road but some are only reached after hours of walking and there are those which are only easily accessible by boat.

M 102

480. The rules and regulations governing village life are nowhere laid down in print but have been handed down from generation to generation. There are no heads of villages ap- pointed by and responsible to Government, for the conduct of village affairs, but there are "Village Elders" who are accepted as arbiters in petty disputes and who have acquired their position through age, experience, wealth or family rank. These elders have no executive power and

executive power and are regarded by the villagers and by Government as advisers only.

481. From time to time co-operative efforts are made for the good of the community-some contributing money, some materials and some labour. In this way the paving of streets or paths, the construction of a bridge or the digging of a village well is brought about.

Public Health.

482. There are practically no public health laws in force in the rural areas of the New Territories. The Public Health and Buildings Ordinance of the Colony does not apply and there is no power to ensure notification, isolation or disinfection of disease cases. The Vaccination Ordinance applies but there has never been any compulsory vaccination.

488. Figures for diseases incidence during the years the New Territories have been under British jurisdiction are not available so that incident rates for particular diseases cannot be calculated. Such being the case the health conditions of the people can only be gauged by inspection and deduction.

484. Past reports of District Officers or of the Police make little mention of diseases or of deaths and the natural con- clusion is that there was little out of the normal to note.

485. Enquiries made at the villages elicits little that can be called alarming. Some sick can be found but they are few compared with the number of healthy looking men, women ard children one sees going about attending to their various occupa- tions.

į

486. Near the hills there is a considerable amount of malaria but judging from the appearance of the people the number of chubby children and the lowness of the spleen rates the ravages of this disease are mild when compared with other tropical countries.

487. Abnormalities and accidents in connection with pregnancy and child birth must occur but from all accounts they are few in proportion to the numbers of normal cases.

M:103

488. Skin diseases there are, but judging from the returns of the dispensaries and travelling dispensary they are not very prevalent.

489. Trachoma varies with the village. In some it is common in others it is not.

400. With regard to Tuberculosis the population is mostly engaged in agriculture or fishing. The people as a whole live an open air life and Tuberculosis cases are not common.

1. Though made applicable to the New Territories in 1911 the Registration of Births and Deaths Ordinance was not enforced until 1932 and it was not until 1955 that death registration became sufficiently universal to warrant death rates being calculated. Assuming that all deaths were registered in that year the death rates for the different districts were as follows:

Western Medical District.

Police District.

Deaths.

Death rate per mille population.

Tsun Wan

177

33.05 (24.06 if Shing Mun Dam

population included).

Ping Shan

252

19.90

Au Tau

274

21.25

Lok Ma Chau

70

15.99

Lantau Island

183

24.70 (19.45 if boat population

included).

Cheung Chau Island..

194

15.44

Eastern Medical District.

Police District.

Deaths.

Death rate per mille population.

Sha Tau Kok

117

13.08

Sheung Shui

175

17.43

Taipo

270

21.28

Shatin

104

23.93

Saikung

167

22.01

492. Taking everything into consideration there is no evidence that the population of the New Territories is an unhealthy one.

;

M 104

The Medical Department's Organisation during 1935.

493. Under the scheme for medical expansion the New Territories were divided into Western and Eastern districts with headquarters respectively at Un Long and Taipo. Each district is in charge of a Chinese Medical Officer who is responsible to the Medical Officer of the New Territories.

494. The duties of the District Medical Officer include:

(1) Supervision of the Government dispensaries in his

district.

(2) Domiciliary visits to indigent cases too ill to attend

the dispensary.

(3) Emergency calls for all classes.

(4) Accompanying the Travelling Dispensary three

times a week visiting villages in the district.

(5) Reconnaissance and propaganda.

(6) Spleen surveys.

(7) Periodical visits to Police Stations.

495. The Staff for the New Territories included:·

1 European M.O. resident in Kowloon.

1 Chinese M.O., 1 dresser and 1 nurse-midwife resident at

the Government Dispensary at Un Long.

1 Chinese M.O., 1 dresser and 2 nurse-midwives resident at

the Government Dispensary at Taipo.

1 First grade dresser attached to the Travelling Dispensary. 2 Nurse-midwives at Lady Ho Tung Welfare Centre,

Ku Tung.

1 Nurse-midwife at Sai Kung.

2 Nurse-midwives at Shain Tseng.

1 Nurse-midwife at Tai-0.

496. The Shing Mun Dam area, where 2,000 workers were engaged on large construction works, continued to be a special medical problem-being under the Medical Officer New Terri- tories for medical work and the Malariologist for anti-malaria

measures.

497. The special staff for the Shing Mun Dam area in- cluded:

1 Chinese Medical Officer and three dressers for medical

work.

1 Chinese Medical Officer and two anti-malaria inspectors

for anti-malaria works.

M 105

498. Fully equipped dispensaries were maintained at Sham Tseng, Un Long, Ku Tung, Sai Kung and Tai-O.

499. Dr. K. H. Uttley was the Medical Officer in charge of the New Territories throughout the year.

The Government Travelling Dispensary.

500. The Government Motor Travelling Dispensary was put on the road on the 16th of June, 1932. At first it visited all the villages on the road side once or twice a week, later, on representations from the voluntary aid societies, it ceased to call at the villages where they had established centres. The usefulness of this well equipped dispensary was thus considerably curtailed for the societies established centres in all the principal villages easy of access and there remained only the smaller hamlets. A Medical Officer and a dresser accompanied it on its rounds. There was a fixed itinerary and time-table so that the people should know where and when to expect it.

501. On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays it visited the Western District from San Tin to Shing Mun inclusive. On Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays it visited the Eastern Dis- trict from Sha Tin to Sha Tau Kok and back to San Tin inclusive. In this way there was a minimum of mileage and overlapping and a maximum of hours of work in the villages.

502. The following table shows the results obtained:-

New case9

Old cases

Malarial cases

Vaccinations

1934.

1935.

5,526

5,542

2,753

1,900

636

865

1,644

Sham Tseng Dispensary.

503. This dispensary, which had been built by Mr. Ruttonjee and presented to the Government, was formally opened on January 30th, 1934.

504. The resident staff consists of two nurse-midwives and an amah.

505. The Chinese M.O. of the New Territories (West) visits the Dispensary three times a week on his rounds with the Travelling Dispensary.

506. The following is a summary of the cases dealt with at the dispensary:-

1934.

1935.

New cases

1,549

1,631

Old cases

1,988

3,117

Vaccinations

123

271

Maternity cases

21

32

M. 106

Un Long Dispensary.

507. This unit consists of three shop houses side by side. Ultimately it will afford accommodation for a dispensary, an infant welfare clinic, a maternity ward and quarters for the staff. At present the quarters intended for the infant welfare centre and the maternity ward are utilised as a garage for the travelling dispensary and quarters for the dresser and driver.

508. The resident staff consists of the Chinese Medical Officer, one midwife and a dresser.

509. The following table shows the cases dealt with:-

New cases

Old cases

Vaccinations

Maternity cases

1934.

1935.

4,130

5,174

3,998

4,722

1,417

1,343

202

187

Lady Ho Tung Welfare Centre, Ko Tung.

510. This Centre was opened on the 14th of May, 1934. The staff consists of two nurse-midwives, an amah and a coolie. Lady Ho Tung also supplies a watchman. A daily visit is made by one of the District Medical Officers before he starts his round with the Travelling Dispensary.

511. Being situated in the open some distance from the nearest village a bus has been provided for the transport of cases.

512. The following are the cases dealt with during the year at the Centre:

1934.

1935.

New cases

1,323

3,067

Old cases

2,101

4,029

Maternity cases

33

139

Babies washed

425

537

Vaccinations

406

The Taipo Dispensary.

513. This unit consists of a dispensary, an infant welfare

centre, and a maternity ward.

514. The resident staff consists of the Chinese Medical Officer, two nurse-midwives and a dresser.

M 107

515. The midwifery ward of five beds which was opened in June has proved to be very popular. From its opening until the end of the year 85 cases were delivered. Many of the cases come from the boat population to whom it makes a special appeal. Contrary to expectations it has not caused any appreciable diminution in the number of midwifery cases treated in their own houses.

516. The following table shows the year's work compared with that of previous year:-

New cases

1934.

1935.

5,581

5,874

Old cases

9,220

10,069

Vaccinations

2,538

2,062

Maternity cases (extern)

116

112

Sai Kung Dispensary.

517. In August 1934 a Government Dispensary was opened in Sai Kung, staffed by a nurse-midwife and an amah. It consists of the lower floor of a two-storey building near the centre of the village, the front part being the waiting-room and examination room combined, and the back portion being the nurse's and amah's quarters.

518. Sai Kung is a very difficult village to reach, and the journey occupies the Medical Officer's whole day. It is visited once a week by a Chinese Medical Officer.

519. The following is a summary of the work at the dis- pensary since it was opened on July 30th, 1934:-

New cases

Old cases

Vaccinations

Maternity cases

1934.

1935.

961

2,206

1,333

3,127

64

645

40

· 119

The Tai-O Dispensary.

520. A Government dispensary was opened on 14.8.34 at the fishing village of Tai-Ō, situated at the West end of the Island of Lantau. A resident nurse-midwife was placed in charge.

521. Once a week the Chinese Medical Officer from Un Long visited and prescribed. Some of his patients come from distant villages.

:

M 108-

522. The following is a summary of the work done during

the years 1934 & 1935.

New cases

Old cases

Vaccinations

Maternity cases

1934.

1935.

1,614

3,405

1,015

2,985

684

431

41

92

Shing Mun Dam Construction Works.

(Jubilee Reservoir).

523. The general health of the labour force employed on the construction of the Dam is shown in the following tables:-

Monthly Sickness Rate Table.

193.4

1935

Mouth.

Percentage off duty

Population.

owing to

Population.

sickness.

Percentage off duty owing to sickness.

January

797

4.5

1,884

1,5

February

1,074

2.9

1,949

1.7

March

1,120

3.6

1,891

2.0

April

959

3.4

1,988

2.3

May June

1,002

2.4

1,955

2.4

891

2.7

2,037

3.3

July

August

September

1,016

4.0

2,011

3.3

1,192

3.9

1,895.

3.6

1,761

3.8

2,013

3.8

October

1,893

3.2

2,159

3.6

1,921

1,816

November

December

Analysis of the Shing Mun Hospital Returns for 1935.

2.7

2,160

3.5

2.4

2,066

3.3

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Total

No. of malaria

cases

Cases other than

malaria

Deaths from

malaria

Deaths from

491

117

21 11

245

I

87 141 107 98 123 218 89 985

259 329 370 415 501 494 364 376 353 345 319 370 4,495

1

other causes... 1 1 1

Admitted to

S. M. Hospital. 29

Admitted to

other hospitals.

Per cent ratio

of malaria to total disease Per cent ratio of

malaria to the total popula- tion

10

-

10

9

5

5 21 31 1 2

3 1,

25

15

20 35 38

87 54' 101 100

78 103 98

758

5 10 9 8 4 7

5

2

67

C

10

15.8 5.1 5.4 2.6 4.8 17.6 38.4 22.1 21.7 15.6 68.3 24.0

2.6 0.9 1.1| 0.5| 1.2 4.2 7.0 5.6 4.8 5.6 10.0 4.3

M 109

New Territories Police Stations.

524. These have been inspected periodically by the M.O. i/c Kowloon and New Territories, and, in addition, the A.M.O.'s visit them once a month.

525. Many of the Police Stations are screened and every man is provided with a mosquito net. Prophylactic quinine is issued and the living rooms are regularly sprayed with an insecticide in an endeavour to kill any adult mosquitoes which may be present. The men on night patrol are of course exposed to the bites of mosquitoes. A table showing the incidence of malaria amongst the whole police force will be found in Appendix B.

526. During the past two years Quino-plasmoquine has been on trial at the Tsun Wan Police Station, the most malarious in the New Territories. The average number occupying this station was 13 viz.-1 European in charge, 10 Indians and 2 Chinese. The results were not conclusive.

A. R. WELLINGTON,

D. M. S. S.

M 110

APPENDIX A.

GOVERNMENT BACTERIOLOGICAL

INSTITUTE.

Report for the year 1935.

By A. V. GREAVES, M.B. (TOR.), M.C.P. & S., (ONT.), D.T.M., (Liverpool).

Introductory.

(1) Administrative.-Dr. R. S. Begbie, Assistant Govern- ment Bacteriologist, was away on long leave from January 12th to November 14th. His duties at Victoria Mortuary were performed by Dr. G. I. Shaw, Medical Officer-in-Charge, Victoria Gaol.

(2) Buildings and Equipment.-(a) Consideration has been given for a long time to the problem of providing more laboratory space at the Institute but owing to difficulties in finding room on the present site, no actual addition was found feasible. The problem was partially solved this year by converting the media and sterilizing room on the ground floor into a replica of the laboratory workroom adjacent to it and turning a room in the basement formerly used for stores into a sterilizing and media making laboratory. The basement is far from ideal for the purpose but will answer nevertheless, while the extra laboratory space obtained on the ground floor is a great boon to us. By some re-arrangement generally we are to a large extent confining the routine work in clinical pathology to the two laboratories on the ground floor and utilizing the upstair laboratory for serology, vaccine making, lymph work, etc. This does away with a good deal of running up and down stairs on the part of the staff.

Certain alterations to the building were also made for the better accommodation of the Malariologist Bureau; these include the conversion of a portion of the eastern verandah to laboratory use, and the fitting up of a portion of the basement as a photo- graphic dark room.

(b) Additions to the permanent equipment during 1935 include a Cenco Vacuum Pump and a large Seitz filter. Besides other uses these pieces of apparatus will be invaluable in the routine preparation of anti-meningococcic serum.

M IT

(3) Library. The following books were added to the library during the year:-

1. A Text Book of Histology, E. V. Cowdry, 1935.

2. Applied Physiology, Samson Wright, 1934.

3. Laboratory Diagnosis, Todd and Sandford, 1934.

(4) Research.-(a) Typhoid fever. Results obtained in the routine use of clot culture in parallel with agglutination for enteric fever are again of sufficient interest to warrant comment. The figures for the year are as follows:

Widal positive--culture positive

87

11

negative....

222

325

>>

negative doubtful

""

positive

9

7

"}

**

>>

39

negative.....

49

negative

726

Total sera tested

.1,100

Analysis reveals the fact that of the total of positive cases (325) no less than 16 or 4.92% were either negative or doubtful by agglutination but gave a growth on culture. This compares with 3.50% in 1934. Quite apart from this aspect of the case is the usefulness of the procedure as a check on the sensitivity and accuracy of the Widal by the use of the percentage quoted as a comparative standard. This percentage should (all other things being equal) not vary greatly from year to year. The routine use of the procedure would appear to be thoroughly warranted.

(b) Dysentery.-Strains of Flexner dysentery organisms have been typed regularly during the year following the work begun in 1932, and during the past two years 128 strains have been studied. These fall into the following groups.

Total of whole study.

1935.

V.

.12%

9.5%

W.

X.

.31%

.29.5%

.17%

.15.0%

I.

2%

4.5%

0

1.0%

Z.

ZX.

.14%

..21.0%

Mixed

.11%

.10.0%

Inagglutinable ......13%

9.5%

M 112-

The grouping shows a striking similarity to that of 1932-3, and it seems justified to combine the two series and thus obtain a composite picture of the incidence of the various types in Hong Kong. This is shown on the right of the table above.

(c) Gonococcus vaccine.--A new and simple culture medium for the growth of the gonococcus for vaccine making is now in use and is proving a great boon; it consists essentially of an ordinary meat extract blood agar, but with two important differences; firstly, the agar base is adjusted to a pH of 7.8, and secondly, the sheeps blood is added directly as drawn without the addition of citrate, in a concentration of 5%. The yield obtained from the use of this medium is something like one third as great again as compared with the testicular extract blood agar previously used. The agar base has the added advantage of being made according to the formula of our routine agar medium and is therefore cheap and readily available.

(d) Diphtheria. The use of the tellurite-Loeffler medium for the isolation of the Klebs-Loeffler bacillus was continued in 1935, and we now have had two years experience with its use in parallel with plain Loeffler. As a result of this extended use, it has been decided that it is advisable to use both media routinely in parallel on all cases. Our records show that in 11 instances the plain medium missed cases which were positive on the tellurite medium, while in 31 instances the teilurite medium missed cases giving a growth on plain Loeffler. This would seen to show a lack of sensitiveness on the part of the tellurite medium but we are not quite satisfied on the point, and it is still being investigated. In any case the use of both media seems advisable.

(5) General.-The summary of the tests performed speaks for itself regarding the increased use being made of the services of the Institute, the total number of examinations carried out again constituting a record. A good percentage of the increase is due to the enlargement of the activities of the Venereal Diseases Clinics, which send us an ever increasing number of sera; also to the larger number of blood films sent for the diagnosis of malaria, the latter not being due to any increase in the incidence of the disease so much as to the more healthy sign, namely, a lessened resort to the pernicious diagnosis of "clinical malaria”.

The work of the staff was highly satisfactory. During the absence of the writer on long leave in 1934 and also during Dr. R. S. Begbie's absence for the greater part of 1935 much added work and responsibility fell on the shoulders of the Chief Laboratory Assistant, Mr. K. T. Leung, whose experience and sound knowledge proved of the greatest value.

M.113

A. PROTOZOOLOGY AND HELMINTHOLOGY.

(1) Blood films for malaria.—Four thousand six hundred and four films were examined for the presence of malarial parasites.

EXAMINATION OF BLOOD FILMS FOR MALARIA.

European. Indian.

Parasites

Chinese. Total.

Sub-Tertian

32

44

816

892

Benign Tertian

25

51

490

566

Quartan....

5

5

129

139

Unclassified

12

49

266

327

Double Infection...

2

41

43

Negative

343

341

1,953

2,637

Grand total

419

490

3,695

4,604

(2) Filaria.-Eight films were received with a specific request for examination for filaria; five were positive for embryos.

(3) Faeces. One thousand seven hundred and twenty-one specimens of faeces were examined for the presence of intestinal parasites and the cellular exudate of bacillary dysentery.

EXAMINATION OF STOOLS FOR INTESTINAL PARASITES.

European. Indian. Chinese. Total.

Ascaris

17

9

50

76

Clonorchis

2

62

72

Trichuris

11

6

21

38

Ankylostoma

28

28

Taenia

2

2

Multiple infestation.

4

1

96

101

E. histolytica

2

1

16

19

Negative

642

125

618

1,385

Grand total ............. 684

144

893

1,721

7

M.114

MA

B. SEROLOGY.

(1) Serological Reactions for Syphilis.-Twelve thousand seven hundred and sixty-eight sera were tested.

A summary of the results is as follows:

Strong Positive

Positive

Weak Positive

Doubtful

Negative

27%

6%

38%

3%

5%

... 57%

EXAMINATION OF BLOOD SERA FOR SYPHILIS.

Strong positive. 18

Positive

Weak positive...

Doubtful

Negative

EUROPEAN.

INDIAN.

CHINESE. TOTAL.

M.

F.

M.

F. M.

F.

15

110

2

བྲཱ༣

92

2,247 993

3,352

48

509 230

802

9

1

50

439 156

655

12

58

425 150

645

199

24 367

1 3,392 3,331

7,314

17,0124,860 12,768

Grand total... 253 27 615

(2) Agglutination tests.-One thousand one hundred and sixteen sera were examined for agglutination with various organisms as follows:-

AGGLUTINATION TESTS.

ORGANISMS.

EUROPEAN.

INDIAN.

CHINESE. TOTAL.

Pos. Neg. Pos. | Neg. | Pos. Neg.

B. Typhosus

22 99

3

14

286

676

B. Para. A.

121

17

5 957

1,100

B.

B.

"?

B. Dysenteriae..

B. Melitensis

B. Abortus

B. C.

121

17

4

958

1

4

∞∞

3

3

:::

2

2

1

6

5

Weil Felix

reaction

Grand total..

23 351

:

...

3 52 2952,592

1,116

C.

M 115

BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS.

(1) Faeces. Four hundred and fifteen samples of faeces were cultured for the presence of enteric organisms. It will be noted that of the number cultured for dysentery organisms specifically, 36.29% gave a growth of B. dysenteriae.

The number of cases in which report for the presence of dysentery organisms is specifically asked for is however some- what greater than the number which were actually subjected to culture, our custom being only to culture those stools which show the typical bacillary exudate. The remainder of these cases are shown under the head of Intestinal Parasites, for which they were examined routinely. In none of the cases quoted under this head (Bacteriological Examinations) were E. histoly- tica or its cysts found.

Looking at the figures in another way, if one takes the actual number of stoois forwarded with a request for a diagnosis of "dysentery" (i.e. either bacillary or amoebic), in which pre- sumably the clinical picture suggested such a diagnosis, we find as follows: of 702 specimens examined 67 were positive by culture for B. dysenteriae, a further 85 showed the typical bacillary exudate but failed to grow the organism, making a total of 152 cases in which the diagnosis may be assumed reasonably proved. Nineteen only showed the presence of E. histolytica or its cysts. Thus, of the 702 diarrhoeic cases, 21.65% were proved of bacillary origin and 2.70% amoebic; while of the proved total positives (171) the proportion of bacillary to amoebic was 88.88% and 11.11%. Even bearing in mind the obvious statistical weaknesses, the fact that these figures were obtained by highly skilled workers, checked in every instance, goes to show something of the true relative incidence of the two types of dysentery in Hong Kong.

The writer is in cordial agreement with the word of warning sounded by Scott recently (Tropical Diseases Bulletin, Vol. 32, Nov. 1935, Supplement) against the indiscriminate diagnosis of amoebic infection; clinical diagnosis is more often wrong than right and laboratory diagnosis should only be made by highly trained men.

The proportionate distribution of the positive cases is roughly the same as it was last year:-

B. dysenteriae, Flexner

77.61%

B.

"

Shiga

5.97%

B.

Schmitz

16.42%

>>

ORGANISMS.

M 116

STOOLS EXAMINED FOR ORGANISMS.

EUROPEAN.

INDIAN.

CHINESE. TOTAL.

12

54

Typhoid group.. B. Dysenteriae

(Group)

B. Dysenteriae

Pos. Neg. Pos. | Neg. | Pos. Neg.

2

3 155

172

11

107

172

(Flexner)

9

2

41

52

:

B. Dysenteriae

(Shiga)

1

:

3

:

:

4

B. Dysenteriae

(Schmitz)

3

8

11

B. Cholerae

I

co:

3

4

Grand total..... 13 67

2 13 55 265

415

(2) Sputum.-Six hundred and sixty-six sputa were examin- ed for the presence of b. tuberculosis.

SPUTA EXAMINED FOR TUBERCULOSIS.

European. Indian. Chinese.

Total.

Positive Negativa

19

19

143

181

70

64

351

485

Grand total

89

83

494

666

(3) Urine.-Three hundred and ninety-nine urines were examined routinely, chemically and bacteriologically.

(4) Urethral and cervical smears.-Five hundred and fifty smears were examined for the diagnosis of gonorrhoea.

(5) Nasal scrapings, etc.-One hundred and two examina- tions were made for the presence of b. leprae. Twenty-nine of these were positive.

(6) Throat swabs.-One thousand two hundred and eight swabs were cultured for the presence of C. diphtheriae. The positive findings are much in excess of the normal. It is very likely that this is due to greater use being made of laboratory facilities rather than to an increased incidence of the disease.

!

M 117

THROAT SWABS EXAMINED FOR DIPHTHERIA.

European. Indian. Chinese.

Total.

Positive

68

193

261

Negative

343

4

600

947

Grand total ........

411

4

793

1,208

(7) Cerebro-spinal fluids.-Two hundred and sixteen fluids were examined for meningococci. The number of positives (80) is almost exactly half the number recorded in 1934.

C.S.F. EXAMINED FOR MENINGOCOCCI.

European. Indian. Chinese.

Total.

1

79

80

7

10

5

124

136

Positive

Negative

Grand total

8

10

5

203

216

(8) Miscellaneous materials.-One hundred and ninety-eight examinations were made under this heading. They call for no comment.

D. PREPARATION OF VACCINE LYMPH.

Owing to the large stock of lymph on hand no preparation was undertaken during the year. It is proposed to allow the - present stocks to be reduced considerably before further re- plenishment. Such action is possible owing to improved methods of production which render more rapid replacement possible when necessary and thus the carrying of large reserves is avoided.

Space has been allotted to us in the new cold storage room at the Central Medical Stores for our stocks of vaccine lymph and other biological products. It is a great improvement and convenience in every way. We moved our stocks thither during the latter part of the year.

Amount of lymph issued

?"

.... 14,761 c.c.

17,639 ››

in stock at end of year

1

M 118

E. PREPARATION OF VACCINES AND SERA.

(1) Anti-meningococcus serum.-Serum was issued from our stocks to the amount of 3,000 c.c. In the early part of the year, there was issued in addition 2,040 c.c. of serum purchased during the shortage of 1934 from a proprietary house. The amount prepared during the year was 18,600 c.c., the total amount in stock being approximately 30,100 c.c. This brings our stocks up to the amount held at the time of the epidemic of 1932; during this period very nearly the whole of this amount was required for issue. Fortunately our experience shows that this serum retains its potency extremely well under cold storage conditions; thus it is possible to hold large stocks in reserve against the onset of an epidemic.

We have to record the loss of one of our ponies from injuries received while having his hoofs pared at the Jockey Club Stables. A new animal has been purchased in his place.

(2) Gonococcus vaccine.

c.c., made up as follows:-

1000 million per c.c.

100

The total amount issued was 5,540

3,450 c.c.

2,940

""

This is approximately the same amount used during 1934.

(3) Anti-rabic vaccine. The pious hope expressed in the previous Annual Report that the record of that year would not soon again be reached was doomed to be shattered, and we have again to report a new high point of activity in this Department. Canine rabies was still prevalent, inoreover infection was present on the Island as well as on the Mainland. Of 44 animal brains examined, 12 were found to contain Negri bodies. Three fatal human cases occurred. The first received no treatment with prophylactic vaccine. The others died after receiving the routine course of vaccine. The policy being steadily pursued by this Institute in anti-rabic treatment is towards a higher con-- centration of brain substance as experience in larger centres appears to warrant it. In pursuance of this our dosage was raised in 1933 from 1% to 2%. In the coming year it is again. proposed to increase the concentration of brain substance from 2% to 4% in the treatment of Class III and Class IV bites. This brings our treatment practically into line with that pursued. by the Indian Institutes, whose results appear to warrant the increased dosage. Nevertheless some of the large Institutes in the East still use vaccines containing 1% and 2% of brain substance.

M 119

In Hong Kong we suffer the disadvantage of having no central treatment centre at which administration of vaccine could be carried out on the more seriously bitten cases. This is important in the proper classification of cases and in watching for and noting the early signs of "paralytic" reactions. To the best of our knowledge, no such accidents have yet occurred after the use of our vaccine.

Race incidence of

cases.

Treatment not completed

Treatment completed

Total

Chinese

214

138

352

British

42

66

108

Portuguese

10

10

20

Indian

8

14

Russian

5

1

6

French

4

1

5

American

4

1

5

German

MO

3

2

5

Japanese

2

N

4

Eurasian

3

0

3

Norwegian

2

0

2

Peruvian

1

0

1

Austrian

1

0

1

Spanish

0

1.

Italian

0

1

1

Dutch

0

1

1

Unknown (outport

cases)

0

5

5

Grand total

297

237

534

Total No. of doses issued

4,926.

M 120

(4) Autogenous vaccines.-Fifty-two autogenous vaccines were prepared, largely for Government medical institutions.

Vaccine & Serum.

Gonococcus vaccine

T. A. B.

"

Autogenous

وو

Anti-meningococcus serum

Amount issued.

5,540 c.c.

350

22

52 vaccines 3,000 c.c.

F. EXAMINATION OF WATER and MILK.

(1) Bacteriological analysis of water.-One thousand four hundred and seventy examinations of various waters were carried out. One hundred and thirty-one of these were from other than the public supplies.

The public water supply during the year was up to the required bacteriological standards.

*

Unfiltered raw water

Filtered

>>

107

107

Filtered and chlorinated water from service taps throughout the Colony.

Well water

1,125

11

Water from other than public supplies...

120

Total

1,470

*

(2) Bacteriological analysis of milk.-Five samples in all were examined, one from a human source and the others from goats.

G. MEDICO-LEGAL INVESTIGATIONS.

Thirty-five examinations were made of materials sent by the Police Department; thirteen were for blood, twenty-one for seminal stains and one for classification of hair.

H. MORBID HISTOLOGY.

Two hundred and ninety-five specimens of tissue were reported on during the year. Eighty-seven were of tumours and the remainder of tissues of general pathological interest.

-M 121

ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL AND OTHER EXAMINATIONS.

Ova of helminth

Miscellaneous Examinations.

Agglutination

Reaction.

Weil Felix Reaction

B. Dysenteriae

Melitensis

Abortus

Serological Reaction for Syphilis

Blood

Smears.

Faeces

Cultural

Examinations.

Malarial Parasites

Filaria

Blood count, etc.

Bacillus Diphtheria (Naso-

pharyngeal swabs)

Typhosus, Paratyphosus, Cholera,

E. histolytica

Occult blood

Tubercle Bacillus

Tissue Sections

Sputa Pus Urine

Total

Total

Nature of examination.

for

for

1935

1934

B. Typhosus

Paratyphosus A

B

,,

3.7

}

1,100

849

C.

"J

3

5

1

12,768

10,023

4,604

2,386

8

23

48

72

1,208

712

Meningococcus (Spinal fluids)

216

308

etc. (Faeces)...

415

488

"

(Blood)

1,100

799

1,721

1,600

37

27

7

5

295

211

666

631

52

50

399

272

Smear for Gonococcus

550

594

B. leprae

102

79

Rat smears, spleen, etc., for B.

pestis

Animals for Rabies

44

64

Medico-legal Examinations

35

23

Bacteriological Examination of Milk

5

Analysis of Water

1,470

1,486

Rideal Walkers Test of Disinfectants

2

Autogenous vaccine prepared

52

33

Filter candles sterilized for domestic filters.

345

322

Miscellaneous

198

302

Total.......

27,463

22,271

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APPENDIX B.

Annual Report of the Work of the Malaria Bureau for the Year 1935.

by

R. B. Jackson, M.D., D.P.H., Malariologist.

Staff.

1. The staff consisted of the Malariologist, the Assistant to the Malariologist, five Inspectors and four coolies.

2. The services of two vaccinators were placed at the dis- posal of the Bureau. They assisted in the larval surveys, the identification of larvae, collecting of mosquitoes from habitations and in other work.

Scope of activities.

3. The activities of the Malaria Bureau included:

I.

A general investigation of Malaria and other Mosquito borne diseases.

II.

General mosquito survey of the Colony and New Territories in order to determine what species exist, their life histories, and, as far as possible, their identification in the larval and adult stages.

III.

The catching of mosquitoes frequenting human habitations, cow byres, pigsties and goat pens, and the dissection of such anophelines as were found for malarial and filarial infections and for obtaining precipitine reactions.

IV.

Feeding experiments.

V.

Investigations as to the prevalence of malaria in certain areas and the conditions under which it was existing with a view to its abolition, and, in the case of Shing Mun Camp, Shek O, Tytam Tuk, the supervision of measures directed against anopheline larvae and mosquitoes.

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VI.

Local mosquito surveys for the abatement of mosquito nuisances and the supervision of anti mosquito measures affecting Mount Kellet, Pokfulam and Shek O.

VII.

Anti-malaria measures at Shing Mun Dam. Investigation and prevention.

VIII.

The teaching of mosquitology and the instruction of inspectors in their work and other matters bearing on the subject.

IX.

Co-operation with Government Departments, the Military, Naval and Air Forces, public companies and private bodies in the investigation and eradication of Malaria.

I. MALARIA AND MOSQUITO BORNE DISEASES.

Malaria.

4. Statistics for 1935 show that 400 deaths were ascribed to malaria in the Colony and the New Territories, this being 1.8% of the total deaths. The death rate per thousand for malaria is given as 0.41.

5. The bulk of the malaria appears to be caused by mosquitoes breeding in hilly country-(a) in fallow rice fields, (b) in rice cultivation in October and November, (c) in the flattish portions of certain hill streams, and (d) in irrigation ditches.

6. In the areas where the masses of the population reside, extensive training of hill streams has been carried out, and in consequence, as a rule, there are no facilities for the breeding of Anophelines but where such exist as in suburban and rural areas on the Island and Mainland, the possibility of malaria must always be reckoned with.

7. Certain hill streams seem to occasion little if any malaria, such as those crossing Island Road from its junction with Sassoon Road to Polfulam village, the streams which flow from the Peak Hotel to Pokfulam Reservoir, from the War Memorial Hospital to the sea, and from Aberdeen Reservoir to the sea.

8. As malaria is not a notifiable disease, rates cannot be given for the general population.

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„

9. No cases of blackwater fever were reported.

10. In Table I, figures are given regarding admissions, supplied by the following Hospital: Government Civil, Kowloon, Victoria, Victoria Gaol, Laichikok Gaols (male and female), Tung Wah, Tung Wah Eastern, Kwong Wah, Matilda, Alice Memorial, War Memorial, Ho Mui Ling, and Hong Kong Sanitorium. The malaria admissions are arranged according to the quarters of the year and to methods of diagnosis.

11. In Table II, statistics are shown of cases treated, supplied by the following Dispensaries:-Central, Western, Shaukiwan, Aberdeen, Eastern, Yaumati, Hunghom, Sham- shuipo, Kowloon City, Tai Po, Un Long, Sai Kung, Tai O, Ruttonjee, Lady Ho Tung Welfare Centre.

12. Table III deals with Hospital admissions of Govern- ment servants (excluding coolies) in relation to admissions for malaria.

13. Table IV is a similar table for Police, including Water Police. Certain stations are situated in areas where malaria is unlikely to be contracted, others in rural areas where night patrol work adds to the risk of infection.

-

14. Table V gives the results of examinations for malaria of blood films which were made froin prisoners admitted to Victoria Gaol. The results are arranged in districts according to addresses supplied. The parasites are

The parasites are not classified as in the great majority of positive findings, the diagnosis could only be made from thick films and could not be established from thin films owing to the scantiness of the infection. The films were obtained through the co-operation of the M.O. Gaol and his staff, and were stained and examined in the Laboratory of the Bureau.

15. Records obtained from the R.A.M.C. authorities regard- ing incidence of malarial infection amongst the troops, British and Indian, are as follows (relapses not being taken into account): British Troops: -number of cases of malaria con- tracted during the year was 67, of which 3 occurred in the first quarter, 7 in the second, 10 in the third, and 47 in the fourth. In the first quarter 3 of the cases were amongst troops who had been in Camp, in the fourth quarter 8. Calculated on an average strength of 3778, the yearly admission rate for fresh cases was 17.73 per thousand.

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16. Amongst the Indian troops there were 44 fresh cases, of which there were 8 in the first quarter, 3 in the second, 5 in the third, 28 in the 4th. In the first quarter, 1 of the cases was amongst troops who had been in camp, in the second quarter 2, in the fourth 20. The admissions work out for the year as 29.97 per thousand on an average strength of 1468.

Dengue.

17. According to returns received four cases of Dengue were admitted to Government Hospitals during the year.

·Filaria.

18. Seven cases of disease due to filarial infection were reported from Government Hospitals during the year.

II.-GENERAL MOSQUITO SURVEY OF THE COLONY.

Anophelines.

19. The number and species of the various Anopheline larvae examined are given in Table VI. Table VII gives the number and species of the imagines obtained from pupae collected, and from pupae obtained from the larger larvae.

20. A. maculatus. Larvae were collected from the usual breeding places-streams, seepages, ditches. Adults were ob- tained by night catching done in the Dairy Farm cow byres, and in pigsties at Little Hong Kong, also by day catching done in dark ill-ventilated village byres and pigsties, and in the screened lines at Shing Mun Camp. Under ordinary circum- stances this Anopheline is difficult to obtain from human dwellings.

21. Malarial infections in midguts and salivary glands were met with in the mosquitoes dissected, also larval filariae. This species was experimentally infected with subtertian malaria and with micro-filariae (W. bancrofti) at the Bureau.

22. A. minimus. Larvae were mostly met with in hill streams and irrigation ditches. As in previous years the hill streams appear to fall into three categories:-

(a) Those in which the larvae can be collected throughout

the year except during or shortly after heavy rainfall.

(b) Those in which no larvae of A. minimus can be found during the period May to September inclusive, but were encountered in small numbers at other times.

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(c) Those in which A. minimus larvae are absent during the May to September period, but in collections made at the beginning and end of the year were almost as numerous as those of A. maculatus. A few specimens identified as A. fluviatilis have been obtained from larvae and pupae collected from this type of stream.

23. Few A. minimus larvae were collected from those portions of streams in which the grade was steep.

24. In morning catches adults were captured without diffi- culty in certain types of human habitation, especially buildings made of thatch and bamboo. As in former years these Anophelines were found to be important carriers of malaria and to harbour larval filariae.

25. This species was also experimentally infected with subtertian malaria, and micro-filariae (W. bancrofti).

26. A. hyrcanus var. sinensis. The larvae were met with in stagnant water with vegetation, e.g. wet cultivation, especially rice at certain times of the year, in pools amongst rice stubble, abandoned rice fields, sluggish streams and ditches. On a few occasions they were collected from small muddy pools without vegetation.

27. Like A. maculatus the imagines did not figure to any extent in morning collections from human habitations except in the case of the screened lines at Shing Mun. Considerable numbers were obtained from cowsheds at Shek O in morning catches prior to drainage measures being undertaken there, and from suitable village cowbyres and pigsties. A fair number were obtained from pigsties at Little Hong Kong in catches done at night.

28. Attempts to infect this species with subtertian parasites were not successful, but it was infected with microfilariae (W. bancrofti).

29. A. jeyporiensis var. candidiensis. Larvae were collected from abandoned rice fields throughout the year. In the last quarter they were found in rice cultivation and in pools amongst rice stubble. Those found in the rice stubble were probably there before the rice was cut, as few were found in surveys done some weeks afterwards.

30. Like A. minimus the imagines were obtained without difficulty in morning catches done in thatched huts or matsheds within flying distance of the breeding places. They were found to be important carriers of malaria and to harbour larval filariae as in former years. They were experimentally infected with subtertian malaria.

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31. A. aitkeni var. bengalensis.

The larvae were met with in shady pools in hill streams but no adults were obtained in catches. This mosquito has plain wings like a Culicine, specimens hatched out from larvae have been observed to adopt the Culicine attitude whilst resting.

32. A. tesselatus. No larvae of this species were collected during the year but a few imagines were obtained from huts at Little Hong Kong, and many more in catches done there at night in pigsties. One of the mosquitoes obtained from the huts was found infected with oocysts.

33. A. vagus.

Larvae were collected from small grassy muddy pools and from pools in rice stubble in the course of surveys done on the mainland. Adults were captured in the catches done at the Dairy Farm cowbyres, Pokfulam, and in cowbyres on the mainland.

34. A number of larvae of A. karwari and A. splendidus were collected from fallow rice fields in the rainy season. It has been found that the lateral hairs on the 5th and 6th segments are of great help in distinguishing the larvae of A. karwari from those of A. splendidus and of A. maculatus. Few adults of either species were captured.

35. Specimens of larvae and imagines were received from Dr. L. C. Feng, Peiping Union Medical College, specimens of larvae from Mr. F. E. Baisas, Bureau of Health, Manila, of imagines from Dr. I. M. Puri, Malaria Survey of India, Kassauli. Specimens of imagines were sent to Dr. Feng, of imagines, larvae and eggs to Mr. Baisas, of imagines to Dr. G. A. Rose, Hangchow, of imagines to Professor Davis, Hong Kong University, of imagines to Dr. Scharff, Singapore.

36. Blood from the midguts of mosquitoes captured in various places were sent to M. Toumanoff, Chef du Laboratoire d'Entomologie de l'Institut Pasteur de Saigon for favour of examination. A full report has not yet been received but such information as is available is furnished in Table VIII.

Culicines.

37. Larvae of C. gelidus were met with and identified, this mosquito has not previously been recorded for Hong Kong.

38. Two new species of Ficalbia were submitted to Dr. Edwards, British Museum, one he considers to be a new species, the other to be closely related to F. chamberlaini.

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39. Larvae of T. vicina, A. (S) albopictus, A. (F) niveoides (Barr.) were collected from various tree holes at various times, and adults hatched out. On several occasions whilst making the collections adults were captured, amongst them being A. (S) w alba, but so far the larvae of this species have not been obtained, and attempts to get them from captives did not succeed, even though these mosquitoes could be induced to take blood in the Laboratory, they invariably died without laying eggs. T. vicina was observed to feed upon man when encountered in the jungle although a slow beginner. In the Laboratory a larva of T. vicina was observed feeding upon a larva of A. (S) albopictus.

40. Laboratory bred specimens of Aedes togoi, a seashore pest, were found to breed in captivity without a blood meal, being only fed upon raisins; another generation was obtained from these. This mosquito has been experimentally infected during the year with micro-filariae (W. bancrofti).

*

41. A mosquito which closely resembles C. vishnui but whose larvae differ in some respects from those of C. vishnui, is being investigated.

42. Specimens of A. (S) aegypti larvae and imagines, were received from Dr. Scharff, this masquito is rarely met with in the Colony, but one was captured by an Inspector on a mosquito net in a hut behind the village of Aberdeen. The captive laid eggs from which larvae and adults were obtained.

43. A. (S) albopictus are often found breeding in anti formicaries, jugs, basins, etc. inside houses; in discarded bottles, tins, jars, etc. in the compounds of houses and under such circumstances cause a considerable nuisance. They also breed in tree holes. Near the quarters occupied by the Malariologist, breeding was taking place in tree holes in secondary jungle some 50 yards from the house. During the not weather this mosquito could be caught in abundance in the jungle yet so few ever came into the house that it was not thought worth while to take any action especially as these tree boles were being kept under observation to ascertain what other species not forgetting Anophelines, might be found in them.

44. C. fatigans, 1042 in number, were dissected for Avian malaria and for filarial infections. These mosquitoes were obtained from village huts and contractor's matsheds whilst searching for Anopheline mosquitoes. No infections were found.

45. Specimens of larvae and adults of various mosquitoes were given to Dr. S. Hu (Lester Institute, Shanghai) on the occasion of his visit to the Laboratory, also living larvae of C. fatigans which he required for experimental purposes.

1

#

1-y

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III.—THE CATCHING AND DISSECTION OF MOSQUITOES.

46. In the dissections done throughout the year the following Anophelines were found infected—A. minimus, A. jeyporiensis, A. maculatus, A. hyrcanus, and A. tesselatus.

47. The infected A. hyrcanus and A. maculatus were obtained from the Shing Mun catches, the A. tesselatus from the Little Hong Kong catches.

Night catching in cattle sheds.

48. Hitherto A. maculatus adults have only been obtained in insignificant numbers in day or night catches done under ordinary circumstances in human habitations although large numbers of their larvae could be readily obtained in the neigh- bourhood.

49. It was decided to try catching in the Dairy Farm cattle byres but as they are well lighted and well ventilated buildings, there was little possibility of obtaining Anophelines in morning catches, therefore catching was tried for one and a half hours from dusk onwards.

50. A beginning was made at the end of April. The General Manager of the Dairy Farm when approached on the matter, gave all possible assistance. A cattle attendant who was provided with a catching bottle and electric torch, worked at first under the supervision of one of the Staff of the Bureau. Catches were done in the byres along Sassoon Road, and above Victoria Road north of Sassoon Road.

51. A. maculatus were caught feeding on the cattle, or resting on the walls of the byres, usually gorged with blood. On windy or rainy nights, few or none were captured, but on still nights catches of 50 were not unknown, sometimes the collection exceeded 100. During 164 nights, 2819 A. maculatus, 19 A. hyrcanus, 31 A. vagus, 6 A. minimus, 1 A. jeyporiensis were captured. Of the 6 A. minimus, 5 were caught in

December.

52. The mosquitoes were brought to the Laboratory, blood taken from the midguts and sent to M. Toumanoff, Chef du Laboratoire d'Entomologie de l'Institut Pasteur de Saigon, who kindly had the samples examined for precipitin reactions. A report has been received that positive reactions for cattle blood have been obtained from 234 midguts of A. maculatus. A further report regarding the remainder is being awaited.

53. The salivary glands of 712 A. maculatus whose midguts had been used for precipitin tests, were examined for sporozites, but none were found. No infections were found in the salivary glands or midguts of another batch of 597 A. maculatus.

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54. These dissections were done during the malarious season of the year, and the results indicate that little or no malaria was being carried by A. maculatus, although it has been shown, at the Bureau to be a good experimental carrier.

55. Unfortunately there are no closed pigsties in the immediate neighbourhood. There are pig yards with open air shelters, but it was not thought likely that Anophelines could be readily obtained from them.

Wong, Chok Hang Village (Little Hong Kong).

In

56. Catching operations were continued throughout the year. The locality is surrounded by hills on all sides except in the direction of the sea. A stream with several branches flows through it. A ravine which was formerly a rice swamp, drains into the main stream. At the end of 1933 most of this swamp was ditched and divided into rectangular plots for growing crops such as Indian corn, three or four small plots were left for rice growing; rice was also planted in such of the ditches as held water. During the present year no rice was grown. surveys done towards the end of the year, A. jeyporiensis larvae were found in good numbers in some of the ditches between the plots. The people of the village live in houses built of stone and roofed with tiles, the market gardeners in huts made of bamboo and roofed with thatch. All are engaged in growing crops and rearing pigs. The pigsties here are, as a rule, unsuitable as day time resting places for Anophelines owing to their exposure to wind and weather. No cattle are kept in the locality.

57. In 1931 a high spleen rate was found amongst the children and in 1932 a microfilaria rate of 12% was obtained from the examination of 106 people, the blood being taken at night.

58. From 8.30 a.m. until 11.30 a.m. collections were made by the catching coolie in two groups of huts on alternate days. These groups were situated north and south of Island Road, the northern group along the stream banks, close to places where A minimus larvae were in abundance, the southern group about 440 yards down stream where the larvae of A. minimus were

scarce.

59. Of A. minimus, 2872 were obtained in 153 morning catches done in the northern group or 18.77 per morning, 829 were collected in 151 mornings from the southern group or 5.49 per morning about of the catch obtained from the northern group. It would thus appear that habitations closest

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to the breeding places receive most attention from this Anopheline. Table IX gives the results of morning catches. As in former years the majority of the A. jeyporiensis were obtained in the last quarter of the year.

60. Table X gives the results of dissections for malarial infections of mosquitoes caught in human habitations. For the first time, adults of A. tesselatus have figured in catches done in the Colony. A midgut infection was found in one of the two dissected in July. Three oocysts were seen in this specimen, measuring 41 34μ 29μ respectively. The pigment was light brown in colour, fine, arranged in lines and clumps. The only previous record of a malarial infection in this mosquito is from the Dutch East Indies, 1 in 1553 dissections.

61. In this locality A. minimus adults can be obtained throughout the year without difficulty but comparatively few A. maculatus and A. hyrcanus are ever got in day or night catches from human habitations in spite of the fact that their larvae can be collected in abundance in the neighbourhood.

62. Trials have been made by other methods. A portable hut was erected at the end of June, the catching coolie slepo in it protected by a mosquito net. Mosquitoes could only enter the hut by narrow slots in the gauze of the mosquito proof windows. Before daylight the exits from the slots were closed and a collection made. Few Anophelines were captured by this device although in a similar contrivance in use at Shanghai, catches of 300 A. hyrcanus could be got in one night. It is hoped to obtain better results in the coming year, by leaving the door open, or partly open during the night and closing it before dawn.

63. Owing to the good results obtained at the Dairy Farm Pokfulam by catching in the cattle byres from dusk onwards, similar methods were employed in two pigsties, one at the head of the main valley near the village of Little Hong Kong, the other at the head of the former Rice Ravine. The catchers remained in the pigsties for an hour and a half and by means of a torch light and catching apparatus, caught such mosquitoes as could be seen resting on the walls or roof. Catching was done every night except Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays from August onwards. Out of 524 Anophelines thus obtained, there were 202 A. maculatus, 243 A. hyrcanus, 35 A. minimus, 36 A. tesselatus, 8 A. jeyporiensis. No infections were found in 186 A. maculatus, 231 A. hyrcanus, 36 A. tesselatus, 32 A. minimus, 8 A. jeyporiensis dissected, although these were captured in a most malarious time of the year. Large numbers of Mansonia uniformis, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Armigeres ob- turbans were caught.

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The Shing Mun Area.

64. Catching was done daily by three coolies who searched each line from end to end. The results of the catches were brought to the Bureau for identification and dissection. From time to time checking was done by the staff of the Bureau. The catches are indicated in Table XI.

65. Of the important carriers A. minimus and A. jey- poriensis, 1,273 and 2,774 were taken in 347 morning catches as compared with 4,644 and 25,317 in 239 catches done in 1933 when there was a much smaller labour force.

66. The records for dissection for malaria are given in table XII. The infection rates of A. minimus, A. jeyporiensis, A. maculatus, A. hyrcanus were respectively 3.28%, 2.34%, 0.85%, 0.40%.

67. Several morning catches were made in the village of Wo Li Hop lying half a mile to the north of Shing Mun Camp and 386 anophelines captured. The great majority were obtain- ed in cow byres and pig sties. Of the 94 A. minimus, 79 A. jeyporiensis, 169 A. maculatus and 45 A. hyrcanus caught, 78 minimus, 50 jeyporiensis, 157 maculatus and 34 hyrcanus were obtained from the animal houses. No infections were found in 86 4. minimus, 85 A. maculatus, 39 A. hyrcanus dissected but 3 (4.35%) infections were found in 69 A. jeyporiensis.

68. Catching was done at Needle Hill matsheds where some 150 coolies were housed. These matsheds were situated on the left bank of the Shing Mun opposite the dam. In 269 morning catches only 398 anophelines were obtained. Of the 92 A. minimus dissected 3 or 3.26% were infected, of 80 A. jey- poriensis 1 or 1.25% were infected. No infections were found in 44 A. maculatus, 165 A. hyrcanus and 1 A. splendidus.

69. Catches were made in the village of Sheung Kwai Chung which lies at the head of valley A.4 half a mile to the west of Shing Mun Camp. Labourers employed at the camp reside in this village. Twelve morning catches were done and 432 anophelines captured. Out of 250 A. minimus, 92 A. jeyporiensis, 48 A. maculatus, 42 A. hyrcanus taken, 196 A. minimus, 84 A. jeyporiensis, 47 A. maculatus and 41 A. hyrcanus were captured in animal shelters. In 100 A. minimus dissected 2 were found infected and both had been caught in animal houses.

Chai Wan.

70. This is a village situated beside are kept by the villagers but no cattle. morning in September in the pigsties,

Chai Wan Bay. Pigs A catch was done one 93 A. minimus were

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obtained, 65 were dissected, 2 (3.07%) were found infected. In view of the proximity of this village to Lyemun Barracks this information was forwarded to the R.A.M.C. authorities.

Dissection of Mosquitoes for Filaria.

71. Mosquitoes obtained from Shing Mun Camp, Wo Li Hop, and Little Hong Kong, were examined for larval filariae. The results are shown in Table XIII. Three instances of double infection (malaria and filaria) were encountered, in an A. minimus from Shing Mun, in an A. minimus, from Little Hong Kong, and in an A. jeyporiensis from Little Hong Kong.

IV. THE RESULTS OF FEEDING EXPERIMENTS.

Malaria.

72. From 25th November until 3rd December several batches of Anophelines were fed upon a patient in the Victoria Gaol Hospital, whose blood was found to contain numerous crescents and these only. The patient did not suffer from malaria symp- tons during the period in question. As in the case of the filaria feeding experiments, every assistance was rendered by the Gaol authorities, the Hospital Supervisor giving the matter his personal attention.

73. The mosquitoes were obtained from larvae and pupae collected, all (except one A. hyrcanus and one A. jeyporiensis which fed twice) took only one blood meal although they were offered them on other occasions. Dissections were done on the fed mosquitoes from 7th December until 11th January 1936.

74. As many as 170 oocysts were counted in the midgut of one A. maculatus, in several o