Sessional Papers - 1898





PAPERS LAID BEFORE THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL OF HONGKONG 1898

Table of Contents

1. Alcoholic Liquors Commission

Report of

2. Assessment

Report for 1898-99

3. Botanical and afforestation

Report for 1897

4. Bubonic Plague

Report on

5. Civil and appeal Cases

Return of, for 1897

6. Court Revenue

Returns of

7. Criminal Statistics

For 1897

8. Education

Reports for 1897

9. Finance Committee

Reports of Proceedings for 1898

10. Financial Returns

To accompany Estimates for 1899

11. Financial Returns

For 1897

12. Fire Brigade

Report for 1897

13. Gaol

Report for 1897

14. Government offices, New

Correspondence Regarding

15. Harbour Master's Report

For 1897

16. Insanitary Properties Commission

Report of

17. Legislative Council

Minutes of Proceedings for 1898

18. Medical Department

Report for 1897

19. Observatory

Report for 1897

20. Piers Committee

Minutes of Meetings of

21. Po Leung Kuk

Report for 1897

22. Police

Report for 1897

23. Post office

Report for 1897

24. Praya Reclamation Works

Report for 1897

25. Probate and administration

Calendar of, for 1897

26. Public Works

Report on Progress of, During First Half-Year 1898

27. Public Works

Report for 1897

28. Public Works Committee

Reports of Proceedings for 1898

29. Public Works Stores

Report on

30. Registrar General's Report

For 1897

31. Sanitary

Report for 1897

32. Speeches in Legislative Council

Despatch on, Regarding appreciation of Sir William Robinson's Services

33. Volunteer Corps, Hongkong

Report on the, for Season 1897-98

34. Water account

Statement of, for 1897

35. Widows' and Orphans' Fund

Report on the, for 1897

 

HONGKONG.

REPORT

OF THE

COMMISSION

ON

577 to 670

ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS,

TOGETHER WITH THE

PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMMITTEE,

MINUTES OF EVIDENCE,

AND

APPENDIX,

HONGKONG:

PRINTED BY NORONHA & Co., GOVERNMENT PRINTERS.

1898.

Report.

Proceedings of the Committee.

Evidence of-

The Hon. F. H. MAY, C.M.G.,

Mr. FRANK Browne,

CONTENTS.

Appendix No. 1.-The Commission,

29

2.-Questions sent to Colonel THE O'GORMAN, D.A.A.G.,

Lieut.-Col. THE O'GORMAN'S reply,

Minutes of the Commissioners,

Deputy-Inspector

Questions

fleets

tals, Surg.-Col. EVATT, and the Principal Civil Medical Officer,

35

>>

The replies,.......

Questions to the Secretary to the Commodore,.......

The reply of the Secretary to the Commodore,

Questions to the General Managers, China Sugar Refinery,

Questions to Chinese holders of Distillery Licences,

3. List of Applicants for Spirit Licences,.....

4.-List of holders of Wholesale Spirit Licences,

List of holders of Grocers' Spirit Licences,

List of holders of Distillery Licences,

List of Eating-house Licences,

Page.

1 and 13

14 and 19

I

II

II

IV

IV

V-VI

VI

VII-XI

XI

XII

XIV

XX

XX

XXI

XXI

"

5.-List of holders of Chinese Spirit Licences,

XXII

15

""

6.-Report of proceedings of Meetings of the Justices of the Peace,

XXVII-XXXIII

>>

*J

7.-

Do.

do.,

XXXIII-XXXVIH

3.9

8.-Report of proceedings of a Special Meeting of the Justices of the

Peace,

XXXVIII-XL

"}

9.--Appointment of Commander W. C. H. HASTINGS, Ret. Com., R.N.,

as Chairman of the Commission,

XLI

"

"

10.--Appointment of Dr. F. O. STEDMAN as a member of the Commission,.

XLI

3

11.-List of Prices of Wines and Spirits,

XLI

>>

""

12.-Report on Samshu, by Mr. FRANK BRowNE,

XLI

"

""

13.-The Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance, 1896,

XLVII

*

37

,, 14.-The Spirit Licences Ordinance, 1886,

ΣΙ

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+

7

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ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS COMMISSION.

REPORT.

HONGKONG, 12th August, 1898.

We, the undersigned members of the Commission appointed on the 14th day of Appendix February, 1898, to enquire into and report on the importation into Hongkong, and the manufacture and sale in Hongkong of Alcoholic Liquors of all kinds and into the operation of the laws regulating the same, and to ascertain whether any and what descriptions of crude, inferior, adulterated, or deleterious liquors are manufactured, or sold and by whom and to what extent, and what measures may usefully be taken to improve the laws and to check the importation, manufacture, and sale in licensed houses and elsewhere of such crude, inferior, adulterated, or injurious liquors, have the honour to forward herewith the evidence taken by us and our opinion thereon.

Appendices

2. The Commission was appointed because there was a strong opinion in some No & 1. quarters that deleterious liquors were being sold in the Colony, which were doing a great deal of mischief to soldiers and sailors. After the second meeting of the Commission on the 25th February, Mr. WoDEHOUSE, Dr. HARTIGAN, and Mr. MCCALLUM left the Colony, so, in order to complete the investigation, it was necessary to ask the Government to appoint others so as to enable a quorum of members to be present at the sittings of the Commission. Captain HASTINGS, R.N., was appointed a member and Chairman in Appendix place of Mr. WODEHOUSE, and the other two vacancies were not filled up. Subsequently, with but three members it was found to be impossible on two occasions to have a Appendix quorum present, so an additional member was asked for and Dr. F. O. STEDMAN was appointed.

9.

10.

No. 2.

3. With a view to obtaining the fullest information on the objects of this enquiry, Appendix questions were sent to the Deputy Inspector-General of Fleets and Hospitals, Hong- kong, Colonel THE O'GORMAN, D.A.A.G., The Principal Medical Officer of H. M. FORCES, Hongkong, The Principal Civil Medical Officer, Hongkong, Mr. LAWFORD (Secretary to the Commodore), The Managers of the China Sugar Refinery, to all Chinese holders of Distillery Licences, and to one foreign Consul. It has been found necessary to examine two witnesses and to hold four meetings. In view of the reasons assigned for the sixty-seven cases of alcoholism that occurred during 1897 in the Government Civil Hospital we did not think it necessary to call the Principal Civil Medical Officer before the Commission.

4. At the first meeting on the 22nd February last, we requested the Secretary to draw up a report on the manufacture and composition of the Chinese liquors known as samshu, also to visit the Chinese distilleries and report upon the quality of the materials Appendix used.

12.

Appendix No. 11.

Browne, 15

et seq.

5. As regards importation we have evidence that a quantity of cheap liquors are brought into this Colony. We have evidence also that because these liquors are cheap it does not follow that they must be made from crude, inferior, or decayed materials. Manufactured from good spirit there is a large profit on the liquors which are sold at 20 cents a bottle. Moreover, analysis has shown that these cheap liquors do not contain deleterious substances, but that they lack flavour, body, and aroma, and that they contain less fusel oil than genuine spirits. The tests to which liquors are subjected in the Government Laboratory are sufficiently severe to warrant the Government Analyst passing them as harmless, and this opinion is eutirely supported by the medical evidence received by us and by the records of the amount of drunkenness in the Colony. Appendix There is no ground whatever for the assertion that there exist in Hongkong deleterious liquors of which a small quantity produces sudden and temporary insanity in the con- sumer or the appearance of having been drugged.

Browne, 16.

12.

6. Patent-still spirit from the China Sugar Refinery, and the Chinese liquors known as samshu are the only liquors manufactured in Hongkong. The former is of good quality, and the composition of the principal Chinese liquors-Leu Pun Chau, Sheung Apread Ching Chau, and Sam Ching Chau-together with the knowledge from inspection that only sound materials are used in the samshu distilleries, is sufficient to justify our opinion that the effect of drinking these Chinese liquors is practically the same as that produced by whiskey of the same strength. The high proportion of compound ethers in samshu will afford a means of ascertaining its presence in liquors should it be suspected from its odour. Although samshu is the national drink of the Chinese, drunkenness amongst them is conspicuous by its absence.

Browne, 19.

May, 2 et seq.

7. It appears that a few years ago it was customary for beach-combers to frequent a place at the corner of Upper Lascar Row known as "Samshu Corner," and there to drink samshu, but no drinking in this quarter in recent years has been noticed.

8. There appear to be no grounds for dissatisfaction either with the general conduct of Hongkong public-houses or with the Police supervision of these houses. Drunken- ness in this Colony amongst the European population is not in excess of the amount found in other ports and cities. The analysis of thirty-one samples of the Browne, 15. cheapest liquors has shown that such liquors are not crude, inferior, or adulterated,* so that we fail to find that any evil whatever exists as regards the conduct of the liquor traffic of the Colony.

May, 4, 8.

* Since the evidence of the Government Analyst was taken a number of samples have been submitted for analysis and four prosecutions have been instituted for adulteration (deficiency of strength).

9. It does not appear to us to be compatible with the public safety that The Food Browne, 17 and Drugs Ordinance, No. 18 of 1896, should be a dead letter, and we recommend that steps be taken in order that largely increased numbers of samples may be examined in the Government Laboratory, so that as much as possible may be done to prevent the sale of any adulterated or deleterious liquors.

Maclean, iv. Evatt, v.

10. As all the evidence collected has shown that the drunkenness here is due to Atkinson, vithe quantity and not to the quality of the liquor consumed, we are of opinion that the

cheapness of liquor is conducive to the increase of drunkenness.

As samshu is very cheap, legislation should be undertaken so that this liquor or any liquor containing May, 11. samshu may not be sold either directly or indirectly to Europeans.

Appendix No. 6.

11. It is essential that the holders of public-house licences should be persons of good character, and as cases have occurred in which householders have been guarantors for a person wholly unfit to hold a licence, it is desirable that the fullest in- formation should be obtained as to the character of the applicant for such a licence.

12. We are of opinion that the number (twenty-three) of public-houses now licensed in the Colony is amply sufficient for present needs.

We have the honour to be,

Sir.

Your most obedient Servants,

WM. C. H. HASTINGS,

Chairman.

Jxo. J. FRANCIS, q.c. (I desire to call special attention to Mr. Browne's evidence, p. 17 and the first sixteen lines of p. 18- another Analyst or Apothecary 'is surely needed.)

R. F. COBBOLD, M.A.

F. O. STEDMAN, M.D., B.S., London.

His Excellency Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.,

Acting Governor,

HONGKONG.

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMMITTEE.

Tuesday, February 22, 1898.

MEMBERS PRESENT :

Hon. H. E. WODEHOUSE, C.M.G., Chairman. Dr. HARTIGAN.

Mr. H. MCCALLUM.

Mr. J. J. FRANCIS, Q.C.

Rev. R. F. Cobbold, M.A.

Mr. FRANK BROWNE, Secretary.

The Committee deliberated.

Friday, February 25, 1898.

MEMBERS PRESENT :

Hon. H. E. WODEHOUSE, C.M.G., Chairman.

Dr. HARTIGAN.

Mr. H. McCALLUM.

Rev. R. F. COBBOLD, M.A.

Mr. FRANK BROWNE, Secretary.

Mr. F. H. MAY, C.M.G., examined.

Saturday, April 30, 1898.

MEMBERS PRESENT :

Captain HASTINGS, R.N., Chairman. Mr. FRANCIS, Q.C.

Rev. R. F. COBBOLD, M.A.

Mr. FRANK BROWNE, Secretary.

Hon. F. H. MAY, C.M.G., and Mr. FRANK BROWNE, examined.

Considered answers to some questions sent to The Deputy Inspector-General of Fleets and Hospitals, Hongkong, Colonel THE O'GORMAN, D.A.A.G., The Principal Medical Officer of H. M. FORCES, Hongkong, The Principal Civil Medical Officer, Mr. LAWFORD (Secretary to the Commodore), The Managers of the China Sugar Refinery,

and others.

Friday, August 12, 1898.

MEMBERS PRESENT:.

Captain HASTINGS, R.N., Chairman.

Rev. R. F. COBBOLD, M.A.

Dr. STEDMAN.

Mr. FRANK BROWNE, Secretary.

The Secretary reported that replies to questions had been received from the Managers of the China Sugar Refinery, and from the Chinese holders of Distillery Licences. The Members requested that a digest of the amounts of samshu, and of Chinese wines, as made and sold during 1897 in Hongkong, be inserted in the Elue Book.

Mr. FRANK BROWNE was further examined.

The Members then considered a new Licensing Bill. No amendments were recommended.

The Members directed the Secretary to write to Mr. FRANCIS asking him to place himself in correspondence with the Attorney-General with regard to the new Licensing

Bill.

A draft report was then considered paragraph by paragraph, and after amending, it was proposed by the Chairman that the Report as amended be the Report of the Commissioners, which was agreed to.

Ordered, to Report, together with the Minutes o Evidence and an Appendix.

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ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS COMMISSION.

The Commission met on Friday, the 25th February, at 2.30 p.m., at the Magistracy.

Present:-The Honourable H. E. WODEHOUSE, C.M.G. (Chairman).

Dr. W. HARTIGAN.

Mr. H. MCCALLUM.

The Reverend R. F. COBBOLD, M.A.

Mr. F. BROWNE, Secretary.

Absent. Mr. J. J. FRANCIS, Q.C.

The Honourable FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G., was called and examined.

The CHAIRMAN-You are Captain Superintendent of Police ?

Witness-Yes.

As such you have general control over the licensed houses for the sale of liquors ? -Yes.

think

Amongst those houses are included public-houses?—Yes.

According to this return they are twenty-five in number. Just look at that; I you will find the number is correct; it is taken from the Justices' return.-Yes. Some of these are not licensed now.-The "Travellers" and the "Grand."

So there are twenty-three ?-Yes.

In what does your control over these houses consist?-To see that the conditions of the licences and the provisions of the law are carried out.

The conditions of the licences are contained in Ordinance 21 of 1886 ?--Yes.

Are there any special conditions for public-houses not contained in the body of the Ordinance ?-There are no special conditions except those contained in the body of the Ordinance.

I will just turn to the body of the Ordinance. It says:-"The business of every "licensed publican or adjunct licensee shall be carried on subject to the following

regulations:-

"(1) No liquor shall be sold or drunk on the premises licensed except "between such hours as the Magistrate shall enter on the certificate to be

granted under clause 12.

<<

"(2) No disorder shall be permitted on the premises.

"(3) No person shall be allowed to become drunk on the premises, nor

"shall liquor be supplied to any person who is drunk.

"(4) No game of chance shall be played on the premises.

66

(5) A decent and suitable privy and urinal shall be maintained in a state

"of cleanliness and good repair for the use of customers.

"(6) The licensee shall not abandon the occupation of his house, or permit

CC any other person to become virtually the keeper thereof.

"(7) The licensee shall not employ any person to sell or dispose of any "liquors outside of his licensed premises, nor shall. he allow or suffer

any liquors to be so disposed of on his own account."

(2)

Those are the regulations attached to public-house licences ?--Yes.

Then there are no regulations regarding the quality of drink to be supplied on the premises?-There is the provision about adulterated liquor in the Ordinance.

Is that the only regulation regarding the quality of liquors ?—No, there is also the Food and Drugs Ordinance, 18 of 1896.

But I inean in this Ordinance, 21 of 1886 ?—Yes.

The regulation or rather the definition about adulterated liquor is as follows:--- "Adulterated liquor shall mean any liquor mixed or coloured to the prejudice of the "purchaser with any ingredient whatever, or with water, either so as to increase its "bulk or measure, or so as injuriously to affect the quality of such liquor, or to "conceal its inferior quality, or any liquor which is not virtually of the nature and quality demanded by the purchaser, or of the liquor which it is labelled as being or "purported to be, whether such adulterated liquor be injurious to health or not. Spirits shall not be considered to be adulterated if mixed with water only so as not "to reduce the strength more than twenty-five degrees below proof in the case of "brandy, whisky, or rum, or more than thirty degrees below proof in the case of gin." Except for that definition the quality of the liquor is not touched upon in the Spirit Licences Ordinance, 21 of 1886 ?—No.

There is other legislation with regard to adulteration in the Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance, 18 of 1896 ?—Yes.

Does that apply to liquors as well as to food and drugs ?—Yes.

"The term food, when used in this Ordinance, shall include every food or article "used for food, or drink by man, other than drugs or water."

drugs or water." Is your control exercised personally or through the medium of your officers ?-Through the medium of my officers.

They being constables of what rank?-All European officers. Generally, the police on duty see that the law is observed; but I have also special men-detective-sergeants -in the Central District to look after all licensed premises, and to see that the licences. are taken out and that there are no unlicensed premises. So that therefore the public- houses are supervised by the police on duty-all the police on beat and patrol-and also specially by detective-sergeants.

Have they any orders in writing as to what they are to do ?—No.

Are they allowed to enter a public-house at any time while on duty ?-Yes, if they enter it on duty.

Is it your business also to enquire into the character of the applicants for licences ? Yes.

How is that done? Is it done by any special man or by anybody you choose to depute ?--It would be done by the officer in charge of the district.

The officer in charge of the district in which the public-house is ?—Yes.

The officer in charge would be an Inspector ?—Yes. In the Central District a detective-sergeant might be told off to report.

By you or by an Inspector?-By me. So that it is done by special officers, is

it ?-Yes.

Of any particular rank or by anybody you happen to select ?-Generally the Inspectors make the enquiries.

With regard to these twenty-three houses, have you any complaints to make as to their management or any fault to find with them ?-No; they are well conducted.

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Have you had any complaints as to the quality of liquors supplied by any of them? -No. There have been complaints made from time to time by the military authorities.

What is the nature of the complaint ?-They complained that the men got so drunk that the liquor must be bad.

They have done that more than once, have they ?-There have not been recent complaints. I recollect complaints as far back as 1889, I think. They have cropped

from time to time.

up

Have you had any knowledge yourself of the supply of deleterious liquors in these houses beyond what was contained in the complaints from the military ?—No.

In

It has never come under your observation at all ?—No.

How did you meet those complaints? Did you take any steps or do anything ?- my time I do not think there have been any complaints. I am speaking of my own

tenure of office.

When did your tenure of office commence ?-In 1893.

From 1893 until now you have had no complaints either by the naval or military people of the quality of liquors supplied by these houses ?—Not to my recollection ; there may have been some while I was away.

If there have been you could easily find out?—Yes.

Are your own police allowed to frequent these public-houses?-They are not supposed to frequent them.

Are they allowed to ?--There is nothing to prevent a man from going into a public- house if he be in plain clothes and off duty.

They are allowed to?-Off duty a man can go into a public-house for his own purposes.

The CHAIRMAN.--They have their own canteen at the Central Station, have they not? Yes.

That is where they can get their liquor?-Yes.

Where is the liquor bought from?-The local wholesale dealers.

With no reference to the quality at all?-The liquor is approved by myself. I mean I know the brands that are consumed there.

In your time have the police suffered from the sale of deleterious liquors in these places?—No.

You have had no instance of it amongst the police ?-No.

Is drinking carried on largely amongst the police?-No. There is very little.

Dr. HARTIGAN.-Does that also apply to the Water Police ?—Yes. that there is very little drinking amongst them.

I should say

The CHAIRMAN.-The securities that secure the publicans, so far as you know are they genuine securities, that is to say, are they a genuine guarantee as to the character of the publican secured? This is the guarantee." We, the undersigned house- "holders residing at Victoria in the said Colony, certify that the above named applicant "is a person of good fame and reputation, and fit and proper to be licensed to keep an inn or public-house." Then follow the names of three householders. Generally speaking, I should say, yes.

In certain cases they have not been persons "fit and proper to be licensed to keep "an inn or public-house?"-There have been exceptions.

(4)

Have there been any prosecutions during the last few years or recently for allowing drunkenness on the premises of any of these public-houses ?-No.

Does that mean that the men do not become drunk on the premises, or simply that there are no prosecutions ?--It means that there is very little disorder on the premises.

And so far as you know people are not allowed to become drunk on the premises of these public-houses, nor is liquor supplied to them when they are drunk ?-I would not go so far as that. I should say that as a rule public-houses are very well conducted here, and that they compare favourably with a similar class of houses in any city.

Have you any suggestion to make in regard to them?--In what direction.

In regard to the working of the law. Have you found that in any respect it could be improved?-Well, I think that the provisions of Ordinance 18 of 1896 regarding the sale of food should be enforced in a systematic manner. Section 6, of course, prohibits the sale of articles of food and drugs not of the proper nature, substance, or quality, and then there are provisions in section 12 for the obtaining of food in order to submit it to analysis.

You think that if there were a more systematic application of Ordinance, 18 of 1896, there would be less danger of the sale of deleterious liquors ?-Yes. Of course, it depends upon how much time the analytical department have got. It would be useless to attempt the thing without having a strong analytical department. I do not know whether the analyst would have time to do all the work thrown upon him.

In your imagination what do you think is a strong analytical department ?—There are about fifty grocers' licences, twenty-three public-houses; they make seventy-three.

I mean of what in your imagination should the analytical department consist ?— Well, I was just reckoning. There are seventy-three houses, so that to do any good at all under that Ordinance you would have to take samples from each of these houses-say, one sample a month at least.

And to do that would require what?-It would require an analyst to make seventy- three analyses per month, which would be a pretty big thing.

And probably that number does not include all that would be required?—No. Of course, there are the wholesale licences, and then there are all the Chinese licensees.

Suppose an analytical department existed, do you think it might do good?—That is what is done at home, of course. In Ireland the police visit the public-houses and cach county has an analyst, and the samples are forwarded to him. He analyses them and prosecutions follow.

Is that with a view to the liquor being good or with a view to revenue purposes? Mr. MCCALLUM.-The quality of the liquor is dealt with differently for revenue purposes.

WITNESS.-I think the provisions of Ordinance, 18 of 1896, are copied from the law

at home.

Yes.

The CHAIRMAN.-In addition to public-houses there are also adjunct licences?—

At the present moment there is only one adjunct licence? At any rate they are insignificant in number?-Yes.

Have you any remarks to make about them?-Well, of course, you would have to analyse their liquor as well.

I mean you

do not object to their existence?--No.

Have you any remark to make about them ?--No.

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In addition to publicans' licences and adjunct licences there are also grocers' licences. A grocer's licence is defined to mean "a licence to sell intoxicating liquors by the bottle, such liquors not to be consumed on the premises." How many are there of these?--About fifty.

The SECRETARY.--Forty-seven.

The MAGISTRATE.--These also are under your control as Head of the Police ?-- Yes.

They are forty-seven in number?--Yes.

There are no special conditions attached to them?-There are the provisions of the Ordinance.

Are these licences issued by the Colonial Secretary ?—Yes.

And the regulations for them are made by the Governor in Council?

?—Yes.

There are no such regulations at present, are there?-No special regulations.

Have you any remarks to make about grocers' licences ?-The liquor that they retail would have to be supervised in the same way as the publicans'.

Yes, but with your experience of them have you any remarks to make about them? -No.

Are they well conducted

?—Yes.

What do they do? Do they nerely sell intoxicating

What is their business? What do they do?

liquors? They do a general grocery business as well.

And no liquors are consumed on the premises ?—No.

You have had no complaints with regard to those houses?-No, I have had no complaints.

Then there are eating houses. Those also come under your control ?—Yes. They are sixteen in number ?-Yes.

And the licences are granted by the Colonial Secretary ?—Yes.

Have you any complaints to make about them ?--No. Of course, they have to be looked after to see that they do not sell liquor. They are not licensed to sell liquor.

By retail?-Yes.

Have complaints been made to you that they do sell liquor ?-The Police have found them selling liquor.

Yes.

You have to rely upon the Police to obtain that information regarding them ?-

Prosecutions take place occasionally.

Have they to find the same guarantee as to character and so on ?-No, there is no formal guarantee.

To whom do you report as to the character of the licence-to the Colonial Secretary? -Yes.

Mr. MCCALLUM.-Are the eating houses licensed ?-Yes. They must have a licence as eating houses.

They must be licensed before they open ?-Yes.

The CHAIRMAN.-Are they not allowed to retail liquor at all on the premises ?-No.

Not unless they have a licence ?—Not unless they have a licence.

( 6 )

I see the section runs :-"No person, unless licensed to retail intoxicating "liquors or Chinese spirits under this Ordinance, shall keep an eating house, coffee house, refreshment bar or saloon, restaurant, or other place where meals or refresh- "ments are supplied to persons not resident on the premises, without a licence from "the Colonial Secretary."--Of course, they can have an adjunct licence if they want to retail liquor.

The question of the sale and importation and so on of liquors having come up, have you any remarks that you wish to make on the subject ?~Well, as far as experience has shown this liquor that is sold here, when submitted to analysis, does not appear to contain deleterious substances. Such has been the result of the analyses that have been made, and the question is to find out whether it does possess these extremely intoxicat- ing qualities or not. I am inclined to think that the extreme intoxication is due to the extreme cheapness of the liquor.

To the quantity rather than to the quality ?--Yes. It appears to me that the best way to reduce the intoxication would be to increase the price of the liquor by putting a duty on liquor imported into the Colony.

Have you ever considered whether it would be advisable to put public-houses under the control of the Government ?-They are under control.

I mean to be run by the Government?-No.

The Government or Municipal Council ?—No.

Have you ever considered it ?-No.

Do you consider it would be advantageous or not to do so? Can you imagine that it would be advantageous, or do you think that it is out of the question?—I do not see that you would gain anything by it.

The gain would be that the Government would supply the liquors to be con- sumed and would have their own nominees in charge of the houses, and the profits would go not to the benefit of individuals but to the Government.-Well, of course, that would be the Gothenburg system.

Have you ever considered whether that would work in this place?—I have not con- sidered it in reference to this place.

And you are of opinion on the face of it that it might work well?-I would not care to express an opinion off hand.

Have you any other remarks that

you

would like to make on the subject generally? For instance, there is no way that you can suggest for preventing these people from becoming drunk on the premises. They are always found drunk in the street and they are not prosecuted for being drunk on the premises, and presumably that is because there is no satisfactory way of controlling it.-I do not think there is a great deal of drunkenness here.

You frequently see sailors carried off from Pedder's wharf?---Not unless there is a Russian ship in the harbour.

They must get drink in these places ?--Yes.

It is against the law to have liquor supplied to them when drunk on the premises. "No person shall be allowed to become drunk on the premises." You cannot suggest any more effective control than there is now ?--No, I think the control is sufficient in that respect.

Dr. HARTIGAN-With regard to adulteration, the definition of which is "no liquor mixed or coloured &c."-you know the definition. What means are taken to ensure that the section of that Ordinance is carried out-as far as the Police are con-

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cerned? There have been from time to time analyses made of the liquor sold in public- houses and the result has invariably been the same.

As far as you know no liquor has been found to be deleterious on analysis?--As far as my knowledge goes it has never been pronounced to contain deleterious substances.

Would it be possible for the liquors to be mixed in a public-house without the Police knowing it? I mean, in other words, do you consider that the supervision and control that the Police exercise over these houses are sufficient to prevent adulteration of this liquor suppose a man wants to do so?--I do not pretend to say for one moment that the supervision is complete. To increase the supervision is the only means I can suggest as far as police supervision is concerned.

I will put the question more direct. Under the present circunstances it is quite possible for this adulteration to occur? We have reason to believe that the liquors are mixed with a very inferior samshu. Do you think it is quite possible to occur?--Of course, it can occur. You can never prevent that. The only thing you can do is to devise means for catching the men at it.

That is the very thing I wanted. You consider that the present means are not suffi- cient to catch the men at it; in other words, the detective department is not suffi- ciently strong?—I do not say that. I say that the thing has never been systematized.

We

Therefore it can occur. With regard to this definition of adulterated liquor, there are the words, "any liquor which is not of the nature............of the liquor which it is labelled as being or purported to be." Well, we know that whiskey is sold and brandy is sold in this place and openly marked "made in Germany." You do not consider that would come under the Ordinauce? The label is there and "made in Germany." know that is not whiskey: we know that whiskey as whiskey comes from England or Ireland, America, and Canada. Those are the only places where whiskey as whiskey is known.--It is the stuff demanded by the purchaser, isn't it?"Of the quality demanded by the purchaser."

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Yes, the quality demanded by the purchaser, or liquor which it is labelled as being. go in and ask for a glass of whiskey and I am served with whiskey out of a bottle.- If

you ask for Scotch whiskey and he gives you whiskey made in Germany, I should think that would come under the Ordinance. But if you ask for whiskey and you are served with whiskey made in Germany, I am not sure whether a prosecution would succeed. I do not see why they should not make whiskey in Germany.

I am asking the question. You say a constable is the man who sees to the proper conduct of these places. You mean the general management of the place ?—I said they were supervised in two ways-firstly, generally by the Police on duty; and secondly, specially by the detective staff.

How many samples would be seized in the year? Take since 1893- since you were in charge.--I told you at the outset that the provisions of Ordinance, 18 of 1896 have not been carried out systematically.

The constable on duty is the man who is responsible for the general conduct of the houses......... ?--I do not think that these houses are conducted in a disorderly manner. I think they compare very favourably with those in any city.

Why have there been so many complaints by the naval and military authorities?— The men go into barracks and are found drunk, but a great many of the drunks that take place in barracks do not take place in licensed premises. The men take the liquor

into the barracks.

That liquor is procured from licensed premises ?-From grocers or licensed premises. So that there is a good deal of the drunkenness, in your opinion, that comes from the grocers ?—I do not say in my opinion. I say that a great deal of the drunkenness

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complained of by the military authorities does not take place in licensed premises, but that the liquor is taken into the barracks. The complaint of the military is that the men get so very drunk that the liquor must be very bad. They do not drink much of it, they say, and yet they get very drunk.

Yet, notwithstanding that, you say that in your opinion the liquor is not very bad judging from the analysis ?—I do not say so. I say only that so far as I am aware the analyses have not proved the presence of deleterious qualities. It may not be rotten drink, but raw spirit. It may be sound. New spirit is extremely intoxicating, I believe.

That is just what I wanted to get at. There were a great many complaints by

the "Rifles" here ?-Yes.

Colonel NORCOTT himself spoke to me about it.-I am given to understand the "Rifles " principally got drunk on samshu. I am told they drank a good deal of samshu.

And there is no control over the sale of samshu in Hongkong whatever?—Yes. A man must have a licence to sell Chinese spirits and he is not allowed to sell to a European either directly or indirectly.

He is not allowed to sell samshu to a European ?—No.

Mr. MCCALLUM-Is that provided for in the licence? In his licence.

Dr. HARTIGAN-How do you suppose these men were able to obtain it if these spirits licence people are not allowed to sell to a European? Do they sell to a middle man?

The Europeans would send a boy to buy a bottle for them.

So that although they are not allowed to sell to Europeans there is no control over them? There have been several prosecutions.

My boy can go and get it ?-Of course, the law can be evaded like any other law. The "Rifles" were here a year while that was going on ?-Prosecutions were going on during the year. There is a flaw in the Ordinance and most of the prosecutions failed. I think some of them came before you (The Chairman). The conditions of a Chinese spirit shop licence are not in the schedule of the Ordinance, and therefore you cannot get a conviction. That is being altered now.

You spoke just now about constantly analysing liquor. Do you think that would be sufficient control ?--Suppose you gave the police carte blanche and had a laboratory here? I am speaking from the police point of view, not scientifically.-From the police point of view the only mode I can suggest is systematic action under Ordinance, 18 of 1896. I do not know whether the present analyst and his staff have the time to do it. For that purpose you would require a good deal of time for the analyst. That is my view as a policeman.

Would it not be more easily controlled by preventing the sale, suppose we say it is inferior potato whiskey ?-How preventing the sale?

I am asking the question.-If it was possible absolutely to prevent the sale of bad liquor that would be much the best of all, but I do not see how you are to do it.

Get the liquor here in bulk and it would be better than getting it from the shop. -But cheap liquor would always find its way into shops.

But if it was analysed in bonded warehouses. It is much better to analyse it in bulk than one bottle from every case?-You might issue it to the houses sound, but you would still have to go on analysing.

Dr. HARTIGAN.-Even supposing the liquor was good it could be adulterated after- wards. I was merely wishing to bring out the fact for the moment that a large quantity of this liquor was being brought into the Colony.-I agree with you. I do not say so as Chief of the Police, because it is outside my province, but I consider there ought to be an excise here on liquor.

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You said that a great deal of this so-called bad liquor was found on analysis not to be deleterious. You may know something about the sale of liquor in South Africa and West Africa. A great deal of agitation has been going on for years?—Yes.

It is supposed to be the same spirit-this German potato spirit ?—I have heard that the West African spirit was potato spirit.

There are a large number of authorities who pronounce it as being specially dele- terious, and in the face of that do you still think that the analysis alone is sufficient to go upon?

Mr. MCCALLUM.--From the retail shops or from the wholesale?

Dr. HARTIGAN.-From either. What I mean is that there is a great deal of evidence with regard to the trade in this class of whiskey.-I do not know enough about the subject. I know that in 1890 it was proposed here to place a legal limit of strength on retail liquor.

Was that favourably considered ?--That is to say that liquor retailed should not be above a certain degree of proof.

That, of course, would cover what you said about strong liquors ?--It seems to me odd that liquor should be sold so very strong, because it would pay any publicau to dilute it. If he had a bottle of very strong liquor it would pay him to make two bottles of it.

Mr. MCCALLUM.-I was going to ask you if there should be a minimum.-There is a minimum. If you dilute the liquor below a certain standard it is adulterated.

Dr. HARTIGAN.-I understand you to say that excessive drinking is due to the extreme cheapness of the liquor. You do not mean in the public-houses?—Yes.

But it is ten cents a glass in a public-house. That is not so very cheap. A soldier has not so many dollars in the world, you know.-Well, I have not been into the public-houses to buy liquor and I do not know what the price is, but I think there must be some cheaper stuff than that.

So far as the Police know, can we get any information on the subject about the price?--Yes. I imagined it was much cheaper than that because you can get a bottle of whiskey for twenty-five cents.

In the public-houses or in the grocers'; because you see what your detective got cost us $1?-As I said before, the publicans are not responsible for all the drunkenness that takes place. There is the grocer.

There were many complaints by the last Regiment?-There were complaints by the last Regiment of men bringing liquor into barracks.

Was that supposed to be samshu?—No, bottles of liquor. I was asked to put a stop to it, and I explained that there was nothing to prevent the shopmen from selling it.

Therefore, as far as your opinion goes, you think that what we should try to get at is the sale of samshu in regard to the checking of drunkenness ?-No, I do not say

that.

It would be inferred from what you said.--I say that the sale by grocers probably accounts for as much drunkenness as the sale by publicans.

Can a grocer sell samshu under his licence ?—No, he cannot sell Chinese spirits.

Unless he puts it in another bottle ?—He is not allowed to sell Chinese spirits.

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The complaint of the last Regiment-the West liquor from these grocers' shops and got very drunk. have been samshu ?--I did not say it was samshu.

Yorks-was that the men got the Therefore the liquor ought not to

You said it was in the case of the "Rifles " ?--I said I had been told it was.

Well, would not that all point to the fact that the quality of the liquor was very bad ?—No, because they may have got it from a Chinese shop.

But I mean that the report of the officers was that it was bought from the grocers, and that as regards the Rifles the liquor was samshu. Colonel NORCOTT told me that.--- The last Regiment complained that the men were continually bringing bottles of liquor-whiskey they called it--into the barracks, and they asked me to put a stop to it. A man could go and buy a bottle of whiskey in a hundred places and in my opinion it was for the officers to prevent the men going into barracks with bottles in their pockets.

Do you think it would be a good thing to provide in the Ordinance that grocers should not sell single bottles?—I do not think it would. You cannot legislate for that sort of thing. It would be very hard if I sent out for a bottle of whiskey and could not get it.

With regard to guarantees for character signed for publicans' licences, do you think that any enquiry is made by people who sign these applications? I mean the different firms ?--I do not know. I think you get full information from the Police.

**** the Police reported nost unfavourably upon and yet we have three highly respectable people to give him a character. Taking that as a positive fact, together with the case of SCHWALM the other day, do you think the guarantees are genuine ?--The exceptions have not been many.

This man

****

And you think all these other people are of good character? Remember that you yourself brought up * * *.- How can you get people to be absolutely honest in giving characters ?—A servant leaves an employer and he is often known to be a bad servant and yet he gets a character.

Therefore a character is not of much value ?-The Justices do not go on these characters; they go on the Police reports.

I am afraid they go on the others.-I think, taking them on the whole, the guarantees are bonâ fide guarantees.

They guaranteed that man SCHWALM.-There have been exceptions, undoubtedly. With regard to the eating-houses-they have guarantees-do you mean that the Police make some enquiry as far as they can and simply report to the Colonial Secretary or to you?--With every licence issued there is a report.

But the Police do not get a guarantee from the householder; they go in and get what information they can ?-Yes.

Has it not been reported that they were issued for other purposes than was intended ?-Of course, it has. This is a class of houses that gives a good deal of trouble; prosecutions are fairly numerous.

In fact, they are not a respectable class of houses ?-Some of them are; others are not. They are not of a very high class.

You could suggest, I suppose, regulations that would bring them more into line and make a better class of them ?--I do not think so. You must live and let live. That class of house is quite as good as any in the slums of other cities. In every city you find these coffee houses. If you intend to level them up to such a high tone a man with $20 or $30 a month would not be able to get a meal.

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Is it not possible that Chinese liquors are sold in these places ?—I say that if they do sell these liquors they are liable to a very heavy punishment and they will lose their licences. The risks are therefore considerable.

If a man gets a meal there are there no means of getting a bottle of beer?-No intoxicating liquor may be sold.

They cannot send out and drink it on the premises ?--Yes. They may do that.

Mr. MCCALLUM—A man is brought up drunk to the station; is he examined by a medical officer, or is he simply put into a cell?-He is put into a cell, but not medically examined.

Do you classify them as "drunks," or "drunk and incapable?"—" Drunk,” "drunk and disorderly," and "drunk and incapable."

And none of those cases are seen by a medical officer ?-Not unless a man appears to be ill.

Have the Police any reason to suppose that liquor is supplied in brothels-shebeen- ing, as it is called in Scotland? Is there an illicit sale of liquors in brothels ?—Yes, if I refer to a special class of house-

Have the Police any reason to suppose that is carried on ?--Well, I do not know about the Police. I myself have reason to suppose that it is to some extent.

But not to any great extent ?-No. I mean to say it is no more than in the way of entertainment. You would not call it beyond the entertainment of guests, I should

say.

What I am thinking of is this, that men from ships may come ashore and get into these houses, and really get drunk on the liquor they get in there ?-I do not know; I doubt that. I do not think that in the lower class of houses there is much supplying of liquor in brothels.

Either European or Chinese liquors ?—Yes. I should not think drinking is carried on to any very great extent in that way.

It is possible for a grocer to hold a licence to sell both European and Chinese liquors, I take it ?—No, Chinese liquor is excepted.

He gets a licence to sell European liquors and then he applies and gets a licence to sell Chinese liquors, and both may be sold on the premises?-But he cannot. A grocer's licence does not permit the sale of Chinese spirit, and a Chinese spirit licence does not permit the sale of European liquor.

It struck me just now that it might be so.

Rev. R. F. COBBOLD.-You can get what you want by comparing the names in these two lists.

Witness. He is asking me if it would be possible for a man to hold two licences for the same premises. I should object to it if there was such an application. I do not know of any instance.

instance. Is there any instance there?

Rev. R. F. COBBOLD.-It would take a long time to compare. There are 224 in one list and 282 in another.

Dr. HARTIGAN.-282 selling Chinese liquors ?

Rev. R. F. COBBOLD.-Yes.

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Mr. MCCALLUM.-I fancy it is done in the compradores' shops. I am not absolutely certain, but I think so. As regards the eating-houses, suppose I go into an eating-house and order a meal, and I wish to have a glass of beer with my meal, would it be an infringement of the eating-house licence if I sent out and got the beer in ?--No.

Mr. MCCALLUM.--The object of the question, of course, is to see whether these eating-houses are able to send out for beer and also for Chinese liquors.

Mr. MCCALLUM.-There is a place in Queen's Road known as "Samshu Corner" even amongst Europeans, so far as the seafaring community are concerned.—I suppose they can get samshu easily enough by telling a Chinaman to get it, but the holder of a licence to sell it is not allowed to sell it directly or indirectly to an European.

The CHAIRMAN.-With regard to the number of public-houses, do you consider that the number is more than sufficient ?---No.

Would you impose any restrictions on the number ?—No, I would not.

You would leave it to be regulated by supply and demand?—Yes; there are very few.

Some of these very cheap liquors apparently come from Chinese compradores' shops? Yes.

Is it advisable to allow them to sell European liquors by retail?—I do not see why they should not. The liquors are no worse than those sold by German firms and no cheaper. I say "no worse," but I do not know anything of my own knowledge about the quality.

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Meeting held at the Magistracy, Hongkong, at 4 p.m. on Saturday, April 30th, 1898.

Present:-Commander W. C. H. HASTINGS, R.N. (Chairman).

The Reverend R. F. COBBOLD, M.A.

Mr. J. J. FRANCIS, Q.C., and

Mr. F. BROWNE, (Secretary).

The Hon. F. H. MAY, C.M.G., Captain Superintendent of Police attended for the purpose of replying to certain interrogations.

you

Mr. FRANCIS. On what principle do the police under your command deal with cases of drunkenness ? Do take notice of all cases of drunkenness in the streets, or do the police interfere only when men are drunk and creating a disturbance ?--We interfere only when a man is drunk and disorderly, or drunk and incapable. If a man is in charge of his friends or able to take care of himself we do not interfere.

If a man is simply drunk, no matter how drunk, the police do not interfere ?—No ; if he is incapable and cannot get about by himself we interfere, but not otherwise.

Incapable or creating a disturbance ?—Yes.

That is, you do not treat simple drunkenness as an offence ?--No.

Do you consider from your experience of the Colony that there is much drunken- ness here ?-No; I think there is very little.

Is there any respect in which you as Captain Superintendent of Police would desire to see the existing laws with reference to any class of house where liquors are sold, amended or altered ?---No.

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So far as your practical experience goes in connection with the police nothing has attracted your attention as needing alteration or amendment as regards the regulations of taverns and public-houses ?---No.

Have any cases come to your knowledge, or have you had reason to believe in. any case coming before the police, that the men were suffering from anything else but the quantity of liquor consumed ?-No.

Have you any complaint to make that the sale of liquors in brothels-especially European brothels--seriously interferes with the work of the police and the orderly management of the town ?-No.

Has it never suggested itself to you that there is necessity for making the law more stringent than it actually is with reference to the sale of liquors in such places ?— No; I have never had anything come under my notice to suggest that.

Assuming the sale of liquors to go on in these places, it has not resulted in any disorder that has been brought to your notice ?-No.

Mr. COBBOLD. You say there is very little drunkenness in the Colony, you mean

in comparison with the European population ?-Yes.

And then you say there is no need for any alteration or amendment of any existing laws?—Mr. FRANCIS did not put it as wide as that. He said with

He said with regard to the law dealing with the regulation of the houses.

Mr. FRANCIS.--I mean, of course, the laws dealing with the sale of liquors either

in licensed or unlicensed houses.

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Mr. MAY.-Of course, the Ordinance, as no doubt Mr. FRANCIS has observed, in looking through it, is a very unsatisfactory one.

Mr. FRANCIS.-It is very badly worded.

Mr. MAY.--It is very badly worded. With regard to the sale of samshu to Europeans, it is obvious that an amendment should be made in the schedule of the Ordinance. One of the conditions on which a licence is granted is that samshu should not be sold to Europeans either directly or indirectly. Prosecutions for selling samshu to Europeans have failed because the conditions are not set out in the schedule of the Ordinance. Of course, that is a necessary alteration, but, except in minor details and in re-arranging the Ordinance, that is really the only important amendment I would suggest as far as the regulations for the sale of liquors are concerned.

Mr. COBBOLD.—And is the Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance effective in its operation?

Mr. MAY.-It is in operation. The duty of applying it just now to licensed houses has been put into the hands of the Inspector of Weights and Measures. He has already sent some samples for analysis with the result I have already mentioned-that the Analyst could detect no deleterious matter in them.

The CHAIRMAN.--Thank you, Mr. MAY.

Mr. FRANK BROWNE, Acting Government Analyst, was then examined as follows:-

The CHAIRMAN.-What are the known injurious constituents besides alcohol in- (a) brandy, (b) whisky, (c) gin, (d) rum?

Mr. BROWNE. The injurious substances are supposed to be the higher alcohols usually represented by the term "fusel oil."

Do you mean by the term "higher alcohols" those that distil at a higher tempera- ture? The "higher alcohols" is a term used to denote alcohols which have a higher molecular weight than ordinary alcohol.

Can

you estimate these injurious constituents quantitatively ?—Yes.

Are there any others supposed to be injurious in which you can ascertain the presence of qualitatively but not quantitatively ?-No.

Do you know any

of the effects or symptoms supposed to be produced by imbibing spirits containing undue or excessive quantities of each or any of these injurious con- stituents?The higher alcohols when taken in excess cause giddiness, nausea, and other unpleasant symptoms.

What quantities of each or any of the injurious substances you have named are required to produce toxic effects ?-About three grains of amylic alcohol, which alcohol may be regarded as typical of these higher alcohols. That is, three grains taken by itself or dissolved in spirit.

What is the average percentage of each severally of the injurious substances you have named in (a) fairly matured good whiskey, brandy, gin, or rum; (b) recently distilled good whiskey, brandy, gin, or rum ?-About 1 per cent. is the amount of higher alcohols in fairly matured good whiskey. A little less than 1 per cent. is usually found in brandy and rum, and a mere trace only in gin.

I understood from you before, when we were discussing the matter, that age did effect new spirit. Do the higher alcohols decompose in any way, and are they thus removed ?—Raw spirit is matured by age in cask, but it is not due to the conversion of the higher alcohols into other products. They remain unaltered.

To what are the changes due?—Evidence points to the conversion of certain empyreumatic substances of the nature of aldehydes which are changed by age.

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Mr. FRANCIS. Then there are substances you do not include among the higher alcohols ?--Yes.

The CHAIRMAN.-And these empyreumatic substances cease to operate when the spirit is old ?—They are present in newly-distilled pot-stili spirit, but they undergo an alteration with age.

Mr. COBBOLD.-Do you consider these substances are injurious ?—No.

Though the higher alcohols are?-A man may drink new whiskey in which there may be a certain amount of these empyreumatic substances, but it is only when you take an excessive quantity that head-ache and similar symptoms are produced.

Do you mean to say that the same quantity of matured would produce exactly the same effects ?-No, not the same effects.

Mr. FRANCIS.-Taken in moderation new or old spirits would produce no ill effects ?-No ill effects.

But it would take a smaller quantity of new spirits to produce a bad effect than of old ?—Yes.

The CHAIRMAN.-Have you analysed many specimens of the cheaper kinds of spirits sold in the Colony?—I have examined 31, which had been bought from places where it would be likely to obtain these cheap liquors.

If So, what percentage of these various injurious compounds do you find in the samples you have examined?—I found in them a mere trace of the higher alcohols and usually no trace of furfuraldehyde, a substance always present in pot-still whiskey, and invariably absent from patent-still whisky. In a sample of whiskey-gin I found ∙1398 per cent. of higher alcohols, all the other samples contained under ·1 per cent. calculated on the liquids of proof strength.

Mr. FRANCIS.-In fact, you found fewer traces of the higher alcohols in these cheap spirits than you find in good spirits?—Yes.

The CHAIRMAN.-If the percentage differs from that of ordinary more expensive spirits, can you explain why?--Because the cheap liquors may be made in two ways. Firstly, by means of a patent still; and secondly, by adding flavouring agents to plain spirit.

If cheap spirits are manufactured by adding together alcohol, water, and various flavouring substances, is the alcohol used for that purpose likely to be a more or less pure product, i.e., free from fusel oil, etc., or any injurious constituent?-The spirit is likely to be pure.

Have you analysed samshu or any other Chinese spirit? Yes.

If so, have you been able to discover that samshu or other Chinese spirit has been added to any spirits that you have examined?—No Chinese spirit has been added to the spirits I have examined, in my opinion.

Mr. FRANCIS.- Do you think you have the means of ascertaining the presence of samshu if it had been mixed?—Yes. Samshu has a particular odour, and I can detect it always in Chinese wines.

goes.

Mr. FRANCIS.-Is it only by its odour it can be detected?-As far as any experience

The CHAIRMAN.—Do you feel tolerably certain it can always be detected by its odour ?—Yes; I feel pretty certain it may be detected by its odour.

How is artificial whiskey prepared?—I have here the price list of a most respect- able firm, and I see that they sell whiskey essence at 22 shillings a pint. One pint of this essence (Scotch or Irish) added to 100 gallons of proof spirit, or spirit of the desired strength, forms whiskey of a superior quality.

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Have you examined the China Sugar Refinery spirit?—Yes.

If so, what is your opinion of its quality?—I think its quality is good.

Do you think it advisable to set up standards for the amounts of impurities in whiskey?—No, such an attempt has been made in Switzerland, but their standards exclude some high class malt whiskies and admit all the patent-still whiskies.

Do you consider your method of testing sufficiently severe ?-Yes, I test each sample for amounts of alcohol, acid, solid matter, and higher alcohols, and apply qua- litative tests for the presence of poisonous metals, basic nitrogenous substances, and for any likely impurity.

Do you think that any impurities in these cheap spirits have escaped your notice? -No.

Do you consider there are any grounds for the suggestion that a good deal of bad liquor is sold in this Colony?--No. A number of people have mentioned to me that there is a lot of bad stuff sold, and I have asked them if they have tried it themselves, and they have replied, "We should not think of drinking the poison." I think it is a mere opinion. No facts have been brought under my notice to support such an opinion. Is there not a supposition that a good deal of fiery liquor is made on the Continent and sent abroad?-There is such a supposition.

Do you think that a good deal of fiery liquor is shipped to the West Coast of Africa?-No, some liquor sent there has been examined in recent years and it has been found to be of good quality.

Do you consider that selling Highland whiskey "made in Germany," when whiskey is asked for, is a breach of the Food and Drugs Ordinance, No. 18 of 1896?-No; be- cause the term "Highland" can be considered in various ways. It may mean a similar whiskey to that which is drunk in the Highlands. This cheap whiskey resembles chemically a good deal of the whiskey manufactured and drunk in the Highlands.

And the "made in Germany" will save the marks?—Yes. A man has no pro- prietary right to the term "Highland.”

Mr. FRANCIS. He is not infringing any proprietary right, that is perfectly true, but is he selling that which he has been asked for ?-I consider that the vendor sells to the man a whiskey which is identical as regards physical and chemical characteristics with much of the whiskey sold in the Highlands.

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The CHAIRMAN.-I take it that the "made in Germany" shows the origin.

Mr. FRANCIS.—If it is called "Highland whiskey" and is labelled "made in Ger-

there is no deception.

The CHAIRMAN.-That is what I mean.

Mr. BROWNE.I would point out that the term "Highland" is probably used only to refer to a whiskey of a particular flavour, and if a man in Germany can make whiskey of that particular flavour I think it is whiskey of the Scotch type.

Mr. FRANCIS.--From what material was the original Scotch whiskey manufactured? -From malt or malt and grain.

From what grain?-From barley usually. Scotch whiskey, by which of course I refer to genuine Scotch whiskey of the old type, was made from malt, and distilled from a pot-still, but now frequently raw grain is used and the infusion is distilled from patent stills whereby the greater portion of the bye-products are removed.

No doubt, you would be inclined to say that the process of manufacture now is such that the term "Scotch whiskey" has ceased to have any special significance ?— Yes, it refers to whiskey of a certain flavour.

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It is now understood to mean practically every whiskey ?-Yes, as long as the whiskies have flavours similar to Scotch Whiskey.

The CHAIRMAN.—What, in your opinion, is the best method of ensuring the sale of wholesome liquors?—I think Ordinance No. 18 of 1896 should be enforced by the

authorities.

How many samples should be yearly examined under the Food and Drugs Ordi- nance No. 18 of 1896, and how does the number examined in this Colony compare with the number examined in England and Wales ?-The number of samples of all kinds examined in England and Wales in 1892 was 32,447. This for every 250,000 inhabitants, which is about the population of Hongkong, is 279. The number of samples of all kinds examined in Hongkong in 1897 was 26. Of the total number of samples examined in England and Wales, a certain number-36 only-were wines, spirits, and beer. In Hongkong, of the 26 samples examined, 11 were wines, spirits, and beers.

Mr. FRANCIS. Then, in your opinion, the Ordinance of 1896 is not enforced as it ought to be ?-No.

The CHAIRMAN.-Can this number be now examined in the laboratory ?—No; that has always been the difficulty. I may state that certain arrangements are made with those who are responsible for sending in the samples. When we find a large number of samples coming from the Sanitary Board, the Government Analyst would write and say, "I have a lot of work on hand, it is no use sending any more." The Government Analyst has other work besides analytical work to do.

Mr. FRANCIS.-What is the number of public analysts in England and Wales for this 29 millions of population ?-I cannot give you that information.

The CHAIRMAN.-What additional aid would be required in the Government laboratory in order that a proper number of samples may be examined ?--Hongkong is a place where a very large amount of toxicological work is required, which, of course, is of great importance and requires a great deal of time, and I consider that the Govern- ment Analyst should be entirely free from work which is extraneous to analytical work, and that an assistant should be appointed to undertake the supervision at present undertaken by the Government Analyst, which is required at the Government Civil Hospital. That, of course, would require some additional help at the Government Civil Hospital, but it would really be only a small addition not costing at the utmost more than $3,000 per annum.

Mr. FRANCIS.-Would it not be better for the Sanitary Board to have an analyst of their own to do their work and nothing else? The Sanitary Board is responsible for the enforcement of this Ordinance. The Government Analyst could then be left to attend to the Hospital and the toxicological work?--That would mean two laboratories, and I do not think the Government would agree to go to that expense.

Mr. COBBOLD. It would be a greater expense than appointing another assistant to the Analyst ?—Yes; I do not think the system would work of having an analyst for the Sanitary Board and an analyst to do toxicological work,

Mr. FRANCIS.-Why not?-Because there may be a large amount of toxicological work to do, the same as during the past three months. Then two months may come when there may be scarcely any toxicological work to do, and the examination of food and drugs would all go on during the latter period.

You mean it might leave the Government Analyst without any work at all during certain periods?-Yes. For a laboratory to work properly you want to have a certain amount of work continually coming in but not too much.

Mr. FRANCIS. Then you think the whole of the Sanitary Board's work as well as the ordinary Government work could be effectively done by the existing establishment

+

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with another assistant ?-Yes. I would particularly draw attention to the fact that the Government Analyst proper should not have his time taken up with supervision at the Government Civil Hospital.

That is a question as to the division of the work, but however you divide the work could the whole of the work at the Hospital be effectively carried out if there were another assistant ?—Yes.

Would that enable the whole work to be as effectively done, as far as the Sanitary Board's work is concerned, as in England?-Yes, provided that the Government Analyst has no other work but analytical work to do. I must draw attention to that point, because it is really of great importance.

That means the complete separation of what I may call the apothecary's work from the analyst's work ?—Yes.

Mr. COBBOLD.-How many analysts are there now in the service of the Government of Hongkong ?-Two.

And how many more are required to carry out the Food and Drugs Ordinance effectively?--One.

The CHAIRMAN.--Can you suggest any useful practical result likely to be obtained by proceeding further with the present enquiry?-I have to prepare a report on samshu, and I think it would be as well that the Commission should have that report before finishing their labours.

Mr. COBBOLD.--I understood you have practically tested some of the cheap liquors by consuming them yourself?--Yes.

In how many cases ?--I have examined several.

I do not mean how many have you examined, but how many have you subjected to this practical test ?-About nine or ten out of thirty-one.

Have you analysed the beer ?--Yes; the beer is very good in the Colony.

Have you taken sufficient liquor to produce toxic effects ?-No. I would draw attention to the fact that some spirits were sent to me and it was asserted that one glass would cause a man to become insensible. After having chemically examined them I considered such an effect to be impossible, but as I wanted to make positively certain whether such injurious liquor existed in the Colony I drank in some cases two ounces and I found them, if anything, weaker than ordinary good whiskey.

Have you examined the cheapest spirits so far as you know ?--Yes, that sold at 20 cents or 35 cents a bottle.

I thought you said it was sold at 20 cents ?--I forget how much, but it is sold at various prices. I would say as regards all these cheap liquors that they lack flavour and body, but otherwise there is nothing else the matter with them.

From what is samshu distilled ?--From rice.

And have you visited and inspected the distilleries here ?--One only.

Are there many ?-There are a number of them, but I am reporting on samshu for the use of the Commission later.

Mr. BROWNE.-Here I have eight samples of these cheap whiskies, here also a sample of spirit containing 1 per cent. of amylic alcohol. You will see that the cheap liquors have but little odour and that if tested roughly for fusel oil by rubbing on the hand the cheap whiskies leave no odour whatever.

The Commission then adjourned.

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(Mecting held at the Magistracy, Hongkong, at 5 p.m., on Friday, August 12th, 1898).

Present:-Commander W. C. H. HASTINGS, R.N., Chairman.

Rev. R. F. COBBOLD, M.A.

Dr. F. O. STEDMAN.

Mr. F. BROWNE, (Secretary).

Mr. FRANK BROWNE, Acting Government Analyst, was further examined as follows:-- The CHAIRMAN.—Have you any remarks to make on the analysis of samshu?

Mr. BROWNE.-I shall be glad to make clear anything in my report on which further information may appear desirable. I may say that I have made very complete enquiries as to the sale of samshu to Europeans by Chinese retailers.

Have you inspected the samshu distilleries ?—Yes.

Did you see any decayed or inferior materials ?-Nọ.

Have you made enquiries as to whether samshu is drunk by Europeans-soldiers and sailors, and others?-Yes, I found that a few years ago it was customary for beach- combers to frequent a place at the corner of Upper Lascar Row known as "Samshu Corner" and there to drink samshu, but no drinking in recent years has been noticed. There have also been a few cases in which samshu has been taken into barracks for the. use of soldiers.

Dr. STEDMAN.-Is there any clause in the Ordinance to prevent samshu being sold to Europeans?

The CHAIRMAN.-It is forbidden in Schedule N of the proposed new Licensing Bill. Dr. STEDMAN.-Then under the present Ordinance can any European get samshu ? The CHAIRMAN.-There is a flaw in the Ordinance.

.

Dr. STEDMAN. But what is the advantage of forbidding the sale of samshu to Europeans? Is it because samshu is so cheap? I believe samshu is not a deleterious liquor.

Mr. BROWNE.-I presume it is because samshu is so cheap that its sale to Europeans has been prohibited.

Rev. R. F. COBBOLD.-Is it cheaper than some of the cheap Hamburg liquors ?- Yes.

The CHAIRMAN.-Twelve years ago there was not such cheap European liquor ?— No.

And samshu always was cheap ?--The price of samshu has varied but little. If anything, it is dearer now in consequence of the rise in the cost of rice.

Do you know a brand of whiskey known as "

a bottle). It is labelled “

"?—Yes. (producing Pure Scotch Whiskey, guaranteed distilled in Scotland." This was sent to me for examination. I heard from a clerical friend that this whiskey made soldiers and sailors very drunk; that one glass only of it was sufficient to make them drunk. Its composition is as follows:-

In 100 fluid parts of proof strength.

Strength.

Total solids dried at 100° C. in 100

fluid parts.

Free acid as acetic.

Compound ethers as acetic ether.

Higher Alcohols.

33 u.p.

.048

.005

.080

.015

( 20 )

Dr. STEDMAN. It is under the legal limit of strength ?—Yes, most of the cheap whiskies are.

The CHAIRMAN. Is this whiskey very intoxicating ?-No; there are less impuri- ties here than in genuine whiskey. Perhaps you would like to smell or taste this whiskey [handing round the bottle]. I have tasted the whiskey myself, and it lacks. flavour, body, and aroma.

Dr. STEDMAN.-It smells like spirit and water.

Mr. BROWNE.—It is practically only spirit and water. The CHAIRMAN.-There is no trace of aldehydes ?—No. Rev. R. F. COBBOLD.-You say it is watered ?—Yes.

Do you think it is watered here or before it is sent here ?-Here, I think. Whiskey is usually sent out from England a few degrees over proof.

Dr. STEDMAN.-Would it be sent out in barrels ?-Yes, usually, and water to break it down should be added at a certain temperature; but here I understand some merchants pay very little attention to temperature, consequently much whiskey is below strength.

The CHAIRMAN.-What is your opinion as to the results ?-That this whiskey is not deleterious.

What does it cost? This bottle was 60 cents.

Is it Scotch ?--Yes.

Rev. R. F. COBBOLD.-If any whiskey here is adulterated is it done in the process of bottling ?-It is probable that a large quantity of whiskey would be broken

down and then bottled.

The bottling is done here, is it ?—I think so.

Is there any adulteration of the liquor which is sent out from England in bottles?— I do not think they would send it out adulterated from England.

Is there any means of adulterating it here after it has been sent out in bottles?— No.

Have you heard of any process of boring a hole in a bottle, extracting some of the liquor and adding water, and filling the hole up again with wax ?--I have never heard of that being done.

It would be possible, would it not?—I do not think it would be possible for such a practice to escape detection.

The CHAIRMAN. Do you think liquor is mixed with inferior samshu ?--No, because from my investigations concerning samshu I find there is no inferior samsbu.

Have you enquired whether samshu is drunk in brothels ?—Yes; I sent a China- man and also a European to make enquiries, and I found that samshu was not drunk in brothels at all-not in European brothels-that is, Chinese brothels for Europeans.

Dr. STEDMAN.-Is there anything so very distinctive about samshu which would enable you to state for certain that it had not been added to any other spirit ?—I could detect the substitution of samshu from the smell of samshu, and I could verify my suspicions by analysis, the compound ethers are very high in samshu-much higher than in whiskey-and if I found them high in a whiskey in which the odour of samshu was present I should feel disposed to conclude that samshu was present.

Then there is no specific body in samshu by which you can identify it; it is only that it contains a higher percentage of compound ethers than European spirits ?—Yes.

So that it is a matter of quantity only ?—Yes.

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And if there was only a little samshu added the quantity might not be sufficiently high for you to be certain of your conclusions, although you might suspect it ?—That is quite true.

The CHAIRMAN.-Do you think any improvement can be made in the quality of samshu ? —No; I examined the distillers and they said they were satisfied with the present composition of samshu.

Is it desirable to fix a standard for the strength of samshu ?—No; I do not think The Chinese do not want it. Although variable, it does not make much difference whether it is a little stronger or weaker as far as the Chinese are concerned.

SO.

Is the percentage of compound ethers in samshu greater than that found in an average specimen of whiskey or brandy ?—Yes.

Is the percentage of higher alcohols found in samshu greater than that found in an average specimen of whiskey or brandy ?-No, it is less.

Are any injurious effects, such as violent intoxication or delirium, known to be pro- duced by these compound ethers and higher alcohols ?—No, it is a common thing for some Chinese to drink pretty nearly a bottle of samshu without getting intoxicated. The compound ethers are composed principally of acetic ether, of which a fair quantity may be drunk without danger.

Dr. STEDMAN. And the total percentage of these ethers is ?-About one-third of one per cent.

The CHAIRMAN. Is the percentage of compound ethers in samshu sufficient to produce any of those injurious effects supposing the quantity of samshu drunk at one time to be not greater than the quantity of whisky or brandy of the same strength which would under ordinary circumstances make a man intoxicated ?--No; in my opinion the alcohol would produce more harmful results than the ethers.

THE CHAIRMAN.--I presume that the presence of an excessive quantity of higher ethers in spirits would increase their toxic effects, would it not?

Mr. BROWNE.-Well, within certain limits only. In the case of samshu of 50 degrees under proof strength you have about 17 grains of compound ethers in a bottle. If a man were to drink one bottle full of samshu containing 17 grains of compound ethers I think the effect of the ethers would be entirely nullified on account of the effect produced by the alcohol.

Dr. STEDMAN.--What is the strength of the samshu of which you say a man could drink one bottle?--About 58.7 degrees under proof.

And ordinary whiskey is ?-About 25 degrees under proof.

Then proof spirit contains about 50 per cent. of alcohol ?—Yes; you may say about half of alcohol and half of water by weight.

And what is samshu of 58.7 degrees under proof?-Every 100 fluid parts contain 41.3 parts of proof spirit and 58.7 parts of water.

And in an ordinary whiskey which is about 25 degrees under proof there are 75 parts of proof spirit ?-That is so.

Rev. R. F. COBBOLD.-Does it follow the toxic effects would be in proportion to the amount of alcohol present ?-Yes, in my opinion.

Dr. STEDMAN.-There is one other question I would like to put to Mr. BROWNE, and that is whether he knows of any spirits containing so-called fiery ingredients such as is said to be in the spirits sold to the natives of West Africa, and does he know what those ingredients are ?-This so-called "fiery spirit" sent to West Africa has been found on analysis to be very good spirit.

( 22 )

Then you know of no spirits sold which contain any injurious bodies besides ethers and higher alcohols ?-No; I know of no injurious bodies present in spirits, except alcohol to which the intoxication can be attributed.

You know of no reported analysis where deleterious bodies which would produce violent intoxication have been found ?-No; many times I have seen the assertion that such bodies exist in cheap whiskies, but I have seen no analysis which has discovered any substance which has produced madness or the appearance of having been drugged in the consumer of cheap whiskies.

Supposing you take a bottle of whiskey and add a couple of ounces of sulphuric ether, would that make a man intoxicated quicker than if the ether had not been added? -Yes.

Is anything of the sort ever added?--No. I doubt very much whether a man would drink whiskey containing two ounces of ether; he would at once detect there was something wrong with it.

Dr. STEDMAN.I have known men to drink methylated spirits for the sake of the spirit, and they would not be deterred from drinking whiskey because there was a cer- tain amount of ether in it.

Mr. BROWNE.-If a man were drinking whiskey containing two ounces of ether he would at once detect it.

Dr. STEDMAN. There is one other question with regard to samshu, and that is whether during the time you have inspected these distilleries you have always found the rice of good quality ?-The probability is that decayed rice would so affect the samshu that there would be no sale for it. I found that the sainshu distillers were particularly careful as regards the quality of the ric: they used and also of the cleanli- ness of their utensils. I think it would be strange if they used decomposed rice for

samshu-making.

Dr. STEDMAN-It does not sound likely, of course.

The CHAIRMAN.-It would affect the business.

Mr. BROWNE.-Yes.

The CHAIRMAN.-I remember the sinking of a junk laden with rice, and the rice was got out of it as the vessel lay under water. I was told it was wanted for samshn. That was the general idea.

Dr. STEDMAN.-The smell was so bad from the rice that one of the men engaged in getting it up became unconscious.

Mr. BROWNE.-I consider that, were such rice used for samsiu, a very inferior spirit would result, and further I doubt if there would be a sale for the product.

Rev. R. F. COBBOLD.-You said in the early part of your evidence that one of your informants had said that samshu had been carried into barracks ?—Yes.

Is that done to any extent ?-A case happened a few weeks ago and the offenders were punished and steps taken so that such a thing should not occur again.

The Commission then adjourned.

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APPENDIX.

E

THE INSANITARY PROPERTIES COMMISSION.

Appendix No. 1.

COMMISSION BY HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR.

[L.S.] WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor,

Whereas it is expedient that a Commission be appointed to inquire into the existence of insanitary properties in the Colony and the means to be adopted to improve such properties and to abate overcrowding, with special reference to the following details, viz.:-

1. Whether it is desirable to resume insanitary properties, improve them and

then re-sell them.

3

2. The means by which such properties are to be resumed and the compensa-

tion to be paid for same assessed.

3. How the said properties should be improved and by whom such improve-

ment should be carried out.

4. The means to be adopted for housing the occupants of any dwellings pend-

ing improvement.

5. The amount of capital required for resumption and improvements, how it is to be raised and how far it will be met by a re-sale, with any sug- gestions or recommendations the Commission may make on the subject.

Now therefore, I, Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, Knight Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, Governor and Commander-in- Chief of the Colony of Hongkong and its Dependencies and Vice-Admiral of the same, in Executive Council assembled, do hereby under the powers vested in me by Ordinance 27 of 1886, entitled The Commissumers Powers Ordinance, 1886, appoint you—

1 The Honourable JAMES HALDANE STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary

and a Member of the Executive and Legislative Councils,

2. The Honourable CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, a Member of the Legislative

Council,

3. The Honourable THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD, a Member of the

Legislative Council,

4. NATHANIEL JOSEPH EDE, Esquire,

5. THOMAS JACKSON, Esquire,

to be a Commission for the purpose of instituting, making and conducting such inquiry ; And I do hereby appoint you the said JAMES HALDANE STEWART LOCKHART to be the Chairman of such Commission; And I do hereby appoint ARATIOON SETH, Esquire, to be the Secretary to such Commission; And I do hereby order and direct that for all or any of the purposes of this Commission three Members thereof inclusive of the Chairman shall be and constitute a quorum. And I do further hereby order and direct that the

1

[iv]

said Commission shall, for the purpose of making the said inquiry, have all such powers as are vested in the Supreme Court of this Colony or in any Judge thereof on the occa- sion of any suit or action in respect of the following inatters, viz.:--

The enforcing the attendance of witnesses and examining them on oath,

affirmation or otherwise;

The compelling the production of documents;

The punishing persons guilty of contempt;

The ordering the inspection of any property; with power also, for the pur-

pose of this Commission, to enter and view any premises.

And I do hereby further direct that every examination of witnesses shall be held in private; And I do further require you to report to me the evidence and your opinion thereon; And I hereby charge all persons in the Public Service to assist you herein.

Given under my hand and the Public Seal of the Colony in Executive Council, this Twenty-ninth day of July, One thousand Eight hundred and Ninety-six.

To

By Command,

F. J. BADELEY,

Acting Clerk of Councils.

Appendix No. 2.

THE INSANITARY PROPERTIES COMMISSION.

(SUMMONS FOR ATTENDANCE OF WITNESS FOR EXAMINATION )

In the matter of "The Commissioners Powers Ordinance, 1886"

and

In the matter of the Commission appointed by His Excellency the Governor dated the 29th day of July, 1896, to inquire into the existence of insanitary pro- perties in the Colony and the means to be adopted to improve such properties and to abate overcrowding.

You are hereby summoned to attend before the Commissioners appointed by His Excellency the Governor to form the above Commission at

the

on the

day of

at

o'clock in noon of the same day, to give evidence concerning the matters to be inquired into by the said Commission. And take notice that should you fail to attend you may be fined One hundred dollars or be imprisoned for two months.

Witness my hand this

Secretary.

day of

1896.

Chairman of the Commission.

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Public Works Department.

No. 369.

[v]

Appendix No. 3.

SIR,

PUBLIC WORKS OFFICE, HONGKONG, 29th August, 1895.

I have the honour to report as follows on the question of Public Latrines.

2. The present latrine accommodation within the City of Victoria, as shewn by Mr. RAM's report, is quite inadequate to meet the requirements of the population, when it is considered that the majority of Chinese houses have no accommodation of this nature within their curtilage.

3. The Chinese population of the several health districts may be taken at approximately,-

District No. 1,

6,000

2,

>>

14,000

3.

"3

"}

1,000

4,

"}

30,000

>>

5,

33

40,000

6,

11

"1

35,000

7.

>"

29

25,000

>>

"

8,

9,000

160,000 .

Total,........

4. There exist at present in the City 12 Government latrines which have a total number of 167 seats and 19 public latrines, privately owned, having a total number of 579 seats, making in all 31 latrines and a total of 746 seats, or at the rate of 215 persons

to 1 seat.

5. It cannot be expected that the whole of the Chinese population, including women and children, would make use of public latrines, but, supposing the number of persons be reduced to one half, we have upwards of 100 persons to each scat,

Under ordinary circumstances, where the pail systein is adopted, one seat for every 30 persons is considered a reasonable allowance, we, therefore, find that to provide adequate provision in this respect 2,700 seats are at least required.

6. These should be distributed according to the population in the several districts, and so placed as to render them easy of access; conditions by no means easily acquired in a densely populated city like Victoria and situated on a steep hillside.

7. In Districts 1, 2, 5 and 8, suitable sites on Crown Land can be obtained for the erection of latrines containing in all 554 seats which, added to the present number in Government latrines, make a total of 721.

8. For providing the remaining number required, say 2,000, it will be necessary to resume private property.

9. I estimate the cost of erecting new latrines on Government land and improving the existing ones at $50,000, and the cost of resuming the necessary land and erecting latrines containing 2,000 seats at $400,000 making a total of $450,000.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

JC.,

&c.,

&c.

FRANCIS A. COOPER,

Director of Public Works.

[VI]

SIR,

Appendix No. 4.

THE INSANITARY PROPERTIES COMMISSION,

HONGKONG, 7th August, 1896.

I am directed to request you to be good enough to furnish me at your early con- venience, for the use of the Commission, with a complete list with plans attached shewing the insanitary properties in the Colony divided into three separate and distinct classes such as bad, worse, worst.

I have the honour to be,

The Honourable

F. A. COOPER,

Director of Public Works,

&'c.,

&c.

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

A. SETH,

Secretary.

Appendix No. 5.

Public Works Department.

No. 417.

SIR,

PUBLIC WORKS OFFICE, HONGKONG, 8th August, 1896.

In reply to your letter of the 7th instant requesting me to furnish you with a complete list with plans shewing the insanitary properties in the Colony divided into three separate and distinct classes such as bad, worse, worst, I have the honour to inform you that I have not the necessary information for the preparation of the plans and lists required.

2. I have further to point out that the proposed classification appears to be so vague as to render it impossible for me to compile the lists required without further information as to what the terms bad, worse and worst are intended by the Committee to imply.

3. I can hardly think that the Committee have any idea of the enormous amount of work entailed in complying with their request, and would submit for their favourable consideration that, in the first instance, the Medical Officer of Health and myself should prepare for their information a general report accompanied by plans on the conditions of the buildings from a sanitary point of view dealing with such matters as appear to us to bear on the subject referred to the Commission.

4. I may, however, add that owing to the comprehensive nature of the enquiry it will probably be found advisable in such a report to deal with certain portions of the Colony and certain classes of defects first.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

A. SETH, ESQ.,

Secretary,

Insanitary Properties Commission.

FRANCIS A. COOPER,

Lirector of Public Works.

!

Hon. D. P. W.

[VII]

Appendix No. 6.

Will you kindly note that the members of the Commission will be glad to receive the report which you have suggested should be drawn up by you and the Medical Officer of Health and pass this paper to the latter officer for his information?

THE SEC. I. P. C.,

Noted and passed to the M. O. H.

Noted.

F. W. C.

13. 8. 96.

Passed to Sec., I. P. C.

F. W. C.

14. 8. 96.

J. H. S. L.

13. 8. 96.

F. A. C.

13. 8. 96.

Appendix No. 7.

HONGKONG, 9th September, 1896.

SIR,

In reply to the President's minute dated the 13th August, 1896, requesting us to furnish a general report as to the sanitary condition of buildings in the Colony dealing with such matters as appear to us to bear on the subject referred to the Commission, we have the honour to report as follows:--

2. Tenure of Land.-The whole of the buildings within the City of Victoria and principal villages throughout the Colony are erected on land held under lease from the Crown, term of lease varies, being 999 years, 75 years, 21 years, and 1 year.

In the more scattered districts of Hongkong and Kowloon the houses are in the majority of cases erected on land held under the form of tenure known as a squatter's licence; these licences are issued annually but their number is rapidly decreasing owing to the issue of leases as advised by the Squatter's Board established under Ordinance No. 27 of 1890.

3. Conditions of Leases, Ordinances and Regulations.-The usual form of Crown leases contains the following provisions:-

CC

"Executors, Administrators and Assigns shall and will, from time to "time, and at all times hereafter, when, where, and as often as need or occasion "shall be and require, at his and their own proper costs and charges, well and "sufficiently, Repair, Uphold, Support, Maintain, Pave, Purge, Scour, Cleanse, Empty, Amend and keep the messuage or tenement, messuages or tenements, "and all other erections and buildings, now or at any time hereafter standing upon the said piece or parcel of ground hereby expressed to be demised, and "all the Walls, Rails, Lights, Pavements, Privies, Sinks, Drains and Water- "courses thereunto belonging, and which shall in any-wise belong or appertain "unto the same, in, by and with all and all manner of needful and necessary "reparations, cleansings and amendments whatsoever, the whole to be done to "the satisfaction of the Surveyor of Her said Majesty, Her Heirs, Successors, or "Assigns; And the said messuage or tenement, messuages or tenements, "erections, buildings and premises, so being well and sufficiently repaired, "sustained and amended, at the end, or sooner determination of the said term

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[ VIII]

"hereby granted, shall and will peaceably and quietly deliver up to Her said Majesty, Her Heirs, Successors, or Assigns; And also that the said Executors, Administrators and Assigns "shall and will during the term hereby granted, as often as need shall require, "bear, pay and allow a reasonable share and proportion for and towards the costs "and charges of making, building, repairing, and amending, all or any roads, pavements, channels, fences and party-walls, draughts, private or public "sewers and drains, requisite for, or in, or belonging to the said premises, hereby expressed to be demised or any part thereof, in common with other "premises near or adjoining thereto, and that such proportion shall be fixed " and ascertained by the Surveyor of Her said Majesty, Her Heirs, Successors, "or Assigns, and shall be recoverable in the nature of rent in arrear; And "further that it shall and may be lawful to and for Her said Majesty, Her Heirs, Successors, or Assigns, by Her or their Surveyor, or other persons. deputed to act for Her or them, twice or oftener in every year during the "said term, at all reasonable times in the day, to enter and come into and upon the said premises hereby expressed to be demised, to view, search and "see the condition of the same, and of all decays, defects and wants of repara- "tion and amendment, which upon every such view or views shall be found, "to give or leave notice or warning in writing, at or upon the said premises, "or some part thereof, unto or for the said..

66

26

"Executors, Administrators, or Assigns, to repair and amend the same within "Three Calendar Months then next following, within which said time or space "of Three Calendar Months, after every such notice or warning shall be so "given, or left as aforesaid, the said........

.......Executors,

"Administrators or Assigns will repair and amend the same accordingly."

4. The first Building Ordinance contained in the statute book of the Colony is No. 8 of 1856. Section 8 of this Ordinance runs as follows:-

66

It shall not be lawful to construct, reconstruct or (if now in the course "of construction or reconstruction) to complete any house without a sufficient and safe place for lighting of fires and cooking of food; and also a sufficient "water-closet or privy and a sufficient ashpit furnished with proper doors "and coverings; all which shall be provided to the satisfaction of the

·Surveyor General, and from time to time emptied and cleansed, at such "periods as the Surveyor General may direct; and every person offending against any of the enactments in this section contained shall for every such "offence forfeit and pay to the Crown a penalty not exceeding fifty dollars "nor less than ten dollars."

<.

The above Ordinance was repealed in 1889 and Ordinance 15 of 1889 substituted for it; this Ordinance, as amended by Ordinances 25 of 1891, 15 of 1894, aud 7 of 1895, is still in force and contains provisions as to minimum height of floors, mezzanine floors, ventilation under floors, construction of privies, width of private streets, window area, and construction of damp course.

5. The Public Health Ordinances 24 of 1887 and 15 of 1894 contain many important provisions as to the prohibition and use of house unfit for human habitation, overcrowding, drainage, construction of areas, paving of floors and yard surfaces, erection of cubicles and mezzanine floors, construction of backyards in buildings erected on sites obtained from the Crown since the passing of Ordinance 24 of 1857, certificate necessary before occupation, height of buildings, and width of street.

6. Regulations have been made under section 13, Ordinance 24 of 1887, in respect of drainage, bake-houses, laundries, latrines, cominon lodging-houses, and under Ordinance 15 of 1894 respecting concreting, &c., of ground surfaces of buildings, areas, latrines, &c., ventilation, overcrowding, and sanitary maintenance of buildings. occupation of vaults and cellars.

24

..

.

3

[ IX ]

7. The Building Ordinance 8 of 1856 contained no provisions as to the construc- tion of open areas at the backs of houses, the width of streets, height of buildings, or area of windows. It was not until the passing of Ordinance 24 of 1887 that the con- struction of backyards could be insisted upon (and then only in the case of erecting houses on land purchased from the Crown after the passing of that Ordinance), or the width of private streets regulated by Ordinance 15 of 1889 or the provision of sufficient window space made compulsory.

"}

The result was that many houses of the "back to back type were erected unprovided with sufficient window area and fronting on narrow lanes quite inadequate to prevent excessive surface-crowding.

8. It has been urged that such buildings were erected with the approval of the Surveyor General, but there is not and never was any provision in the Building Ordi- nances requiring the Surveyor General's approval of the plans of proposed buildings, and indeed it was not until 1889 that the depositing of such plans was made compul- sory; his action was consequently limited to interference only in the event of the provisions of the Ordinances being contravened.

9. Structurally Insanitary Dwellings-Classification of.-Structurally insanitary dwellings in the Colony may be classified as follows:-

(a) Back to back houses.

(b) Houses fronting on narrow lanes.

(c) Houses with insufficient open spaces in their rear.

(d) Houses abutting against the hill-side.

10. Back to Back houses have been universally condemned as most insanitary. In such buildings it is impossible to secure sufficient ventilation and, generally speaking, sufficient light. Back to back houses without thorough ventilation and rooms facing narrow enclosed courts in which the atmosphere is always sunless and stagnant exercise an unfavourable influence on health and tend to produce an excessive mortality from phthisis, respiratory diseases, diarrhoea and zymotic diseases generally. This subject has been carefully investigated for the Local Government Board by Dr. BARRY and Mr. GORDON SMITH in a report upon back to back houses (1888) and by Dr. RANSOME, F. R. S., in various papers on the relationship between phthisis prevalence and over- crowding in Manchester and Salford.

The following table shews the influence of back to back houses upon the death rate and the zymotic death rate; it relates to the Greengate district of Salford which is inhabited by the poorer labouring class and is taken from Dr. BARRY and Mr. GORDON SMITH'S report above referred to. It is explained in the report that the average sur- roundings and class of population were practically the same in each district:-

Average Propor-

tion of

back to back houses.

Population.

All causes.

Death rates from

Phthisis.

Other Re-

spiratory

Diseases.

Diarrhoea.

Zymotic Death

Rate.

District I......

II......

23%

8,713

11,749

27.5

2.8

6.6

1.4

4.5

29.2

2.3

7.8

1.6

4.8

""

III......

56% 11,405 39.5

3.6

7.9

2.1

6.2

""

>

[x]

11. Houses fronting on narrow lanes.-Many cases exist in which private property has been laid out, the block of buildings being only separated by narrow lanes from 5 to 10 feet wide which afford the only means of access to such buildings from 30 to 50 feet in height. Such buildings must evidently, especially on the ground floor, be in- sufficiently lighted and inadequately ventilated. The laying out of property in this manner leads to surface-crowding and their insanitary condition is much aggravated by the tenants having the free use of the lanes in which they carry out their trades or use them for storage purposes.

12. Houses with insufficient air space in their rear.--Under this heading is included the larger portion of insanitary dwellings in the City of Victoria. The necessity of insisting on open spaces in the rear of houses has long been recognised in England, and we now find most of the Urban Authorities in England availing themselves of the power conferred upon them under section 157 of the Public Health Act of 1875 and insisting on ample open spaces beign provided in the rear of all new buildings.

13. The Local Government Model Bye-laws provide that in the rear of every new house there must be an open space exclusively belonging to the house 150 square feet in area extending along the entire width of the house, and in the statement attached to this report copied from Vol. XII., Sanitary Institute Proceedings, will be found the requirements in this respect in Brighton, Birmingham, Liverpool and Newcastle-upon- Tyne.

14. Houses abutting against the Hill-side.--Owing to the steepness of the ground in the City of Victoria, many building sites are formed by extensive examination, and the lower stories of the houses abut against the hill-side, though the upper stories above the ground may be adequately provided for in respect of light and ventilation.

15. It will be observed that the enforcement of the provisions of section 52 of Or- dinance 15 of 1889 respecting the erection of new buildings will eventually get rid of many of the houses included in class (b), but some further provision is necessary to compel owners of property to provide open spaces at the rear of all houses in order to improve the condition of houses included in classes (a), (c) and (4), and we urge upon the attention of the Commission the importance of the early introduction of legislation in this respect.

16. Having dealt with the most glaring sanitary defects in the design and erection of houses it is necessary to point out that many houses which could not originally be considered insanitary have been brought into that category by subsequent additions and misuse.

17. Obstructions of Yards.-It is evident that in many cases where originally open yards existed at the rear of houses these yards have been subsequently obstructed by being covered over and converted into stores. cook-houses and latrines. Indeel, such is the extent of surface-crowding within the City of Victoria that every available open space is encroached upon permanently or temporarily by the tenants of the houses in their immediate neighbourhood.

18. Mezzanine Floors, Cocklofts and Cubicles.-Though these structures have to some extent been regulated by Ordinance 15 of 1894, the sub-division of a room, say, 40 feet in depth with a frontage of 15 feet into a number of cubicles precludes the access of light and air to such an extent as to seriously affect the sanitary condition of such premises, and we would here call attention to the necessity of limiting the sub-division of any floor by the erection of partitions unless the cubicle so formed are adequately lighted and ventilated.

19. In the villages exist many houses to which the previous remarks apply, but the course adopted by the Government during recent years in laying out the villages of

}

[ XI ]

:

:

;

C

Yaumati and Hunghom appears to specially tend itself to the erection of sanitary dwel- lings.

In these villages many of the houses front on a public street and at the back abut on a public lane, over such streets and lanes the tenants have a right of way but are not permitted to obstruct them.

The lanes which should not be less than 15 feet in width form a convenient mode of access for the scavengers and afford facilities for drainage.

In some instances, however, the lanes are private property and have been more or less encroached upon.

20. In the less important villages the houses are mere hovels, many of the present occupants being the descendants of persons who settled here in the early days of the Colony. The houses are scattered about without regard to level or alignment and little improvement appears possible without dealing with the whole of a village at the same

time.

21. As regards the special points referred to the Committee, we would point out that it appears only necessary to resume insanitary properties in such cases as large areas are proposed to be dealt with is which several interests are concerned. We are, however, of opinion that in many cases no such resumption is from a sanitary point of view necessary, and would call attention to the various sanitary improvements that have been required by local authorities under the Public Health Act of 1875 without any resumption or compensation to the owners of such properties.

22. Resumptions of large insanitary areas bave been carried out in various cities and towns either by special local Acts, such as the Liverpool Acts, or under the pro- visions of the Housing of the Working Classes Act 1890, and under several Acts of Parliament which were repealed on the passing of this Act.

23. The means hitherto adopted in this Colony for resumption of property have been those contained in the Crown lease, private arrangement, and more recently the provision of the Taipingshan Resumption Ordinance, No. 8 of 1894.

24. The resumption of the Taipingshan area is, as far as we are aware, the only instance in this Colony in which property has been resumed solely on account of its insanitary condition.

The provisions of this Ordinance appear to be inuch more favourable to owners of insanitary properties than those contained in the Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1890, which it will be observed contains provisions for making certain deductions on account of buildings unfit for habitation or in an insanitary condition or where the rental is enhanced by reason of overcrowding or illegal use.

it

25. In all cases where property is not resumed, it appears desirable that the owners should effect the necessary alterations, but in the event of large areas being resumed, appears desirable that where possible the alignment and gradients of the streets should be improved, which work together with the laying out of new streets and lanes and preparation of building sites should be done by the Government.

26. All legislation in England, with the exception of the Liverpool Act of 1864, has rendered it compulsory for the part of the public authorities effecting the resump- tion of property for the purposes of improvement to provide accommodation for the persons disturbed. This provision has, however, been generally held to have practically prevented many desirable improvements being carried out.

In dealing with the City of Victoria it must be remembered that there is at present a large area in Taipingshan unoccupied, and the progress of reclamation will add a

[ XII]

further area to the city; and if the further resumption of insanitary properties is effected, by degrees, it seemed doubtful if any exceptional provision will be required for housing the persons disturbed.

In the case of the villages other sites might be allotted to the occupants of insanit- ary dwellings on which they can erect sanitary dwellings prior to being disturbed.

27. The capital required for the resumption and subsequent improvement of pro- perties must at the present time be more or less a subject of speculation. Before any definite estimate can be given, complete plans and other information must be prepared in connection with the areas proposed to be resumed and the method of resumption and valuation decided upon.

28. The experience gained in England in connection with the resumption of insanitary areas does not appear to favour the idea that such resumptions are likely to prove financially a success, but that as far as possible they should be avoided except in such cases as those in which a material public advantage can be gained.

29. During recent years various blocks of model dwellings have been erected by corporations and companies, but a reasonable return on the expenditure has only been effected by constructing large blocks of very lofty buildings and the result has not been satisfactory, leading to considerable surface-crowding.

In providing accommodation for the "working classes" we submit the following particulars as deserving of special attention:-

Healthiness of site.

Open surroundings and wide impervious areas.

Prevention of fire and facilities for escape.

No basement or cellars.

Lighting, ventilation and drainage.

Arrangement of kitchens, bathrooms and latrines.

We have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servants,

A. SETH, ESQ.,

Secretary,

Insanitary Properties Commission.

FRANCIS A. COOPER,

Director of Public Works.

FRANCIS W. CLARK,

Medical Officer of Health.

Appendix No. 7 (a).

BYE-LAWS FOR OPEN SPACES AROUND NEW DWELLING-HOUSES.

Open Space in Acts under which front, extending throughout whole

Bye-laws are

framed.

line of frontage,

to be at least

Open Space at Rear of Building, exclusively belon ging to it, and free from any erection above the level of the ground, except a W.C., E.C. or a privy and ashpit, extending

Aggregate

laterally throughout entire width of building.

Distance across or depth of open space everywhere to be according to height of building.

Date of Adoption.

Model Bye-laws of

Local Government

Board.

Manchester,

extent not less than

Public Health

21 ft.

150 sq. ft.

In any case

At least 10 ft.

Height 15 ft. Height 25 ft. At least 15 ft. At least 20 ft.

Height 35 ft. Height exceeding

35 ft.

At least 25 ft.

At least 25 ft.

Act, 1875, Section 157.

1890 | Local (Manches-

ter) Improve.

36 ft.

150 sq. ft.

10 ft.

15 ft.

20 ft.

25 ft.

25 ft.

(24 ft. if strect

ment Acts.

is less than

36 ft. wide).

Brighton,

1886

Public Health Act; Towns Improvement Clauses Act,

1847;

Brighton Improvement

Act, 1884.

12 ft. to centre of street, if street laid out before Local Government Acts;

15 ft. to centre, if street laid out before 1886

18 ft. to centre, if laid out after 1886.

200 sq. ft.

10 ft.

15 ft.

(300 sq. ft.

20 ft.

(400 sq. ft.).

25 ft.

(500 sq. ft.).

aggregate

extent).

25 ft.

(500 sq. ft.).

Birmingham,

1876*

18874

Public Health

150 sq. ft.*

10 ft.*

Act; Local

24 ft.†

(Birmingham)

2 storeys.

15 ft.*

3 storeys.

20 ft.*

Consolidation

More than

3 storeys.

25 ft.*

Act, 1883.

Liverpool,

1890

Public Health

Act.

Newcastle-upon-Tyre, | 1866

1870

Bye-laws,

1866;

1871

Newcastle

Improvement

Acts, 1870,

1871.

30 ft. (12 ft. 6 in. from centre of street, if street is less than 25 ft. wide, and was laid out before 1890).

One-fourth the area of ground belonging to build. ing may be at the side instead

of the rear,

applies to corner houses.

150 sq. ft.

5 ft. (Open Space must be equal in depth to the height of the back wall of the house, but this may include 9 ft. of the adjoining strect).

Height of wall between 20 and 30 ft.

10 ft.

Height of wall extending. 30 ft.

15 ft.

Limitations.

[

XIII

]

These regulations only apply to houses, the net rateable annual value of which will not exceed £20; and when thorough venti- lation of such open is secured, or when on the re-erection of buildings within the Borough; these dimensions cannot be ad- hered to without considerable sacrifice of property, they may be modified in special cases at the discretion of the Town Council.

The open space may be at the side of the house, and not in the rear, when the back of the house has a window in each storey, opening to a street not less than 9 ft. wide. Unless the open space at the rear is of an aggregate extent of 500 square feet, it must on three sides adjoin an open space of another dwelling. house, or adjoin a street.

These regulations do not apply to new dwelling-houses erected en a site previously occupied by a dwelling-house, unless the former house had an equal or g cater extent of open space at the side or rear. Where the open space was less in extent than that required by the regulation, then the open space for the new house must not be les than that which previously existed. In the case of dwelling-houses built prior to 1871, and having open spaces not greater than that required by the regulation, these open spaces are never to be built upon, except with the approval of the corporation.

SIR,

[ XIV ]

Appendix No. 8.

THE INSANITARY PROPERTIES COMMISSION,

HONGKONG, 26th October, 1896.

I am directed to acknowledge with thanks the receipt of the valuable report by the Medical Officer of Health and yourself, dated the 9th ultimo.

2. As this Report does not cover all the suggestions contained in paragraph 3 of your

letter No 417 of the 8th August last, the Commissioners conclude that you pur- pose furnishing them with a further report containing a list of insanitary properties, accompanied by plans, so as to enable them to consider what steps should be taken. with regard to such properties.

I have the honour to be,

The Honourable

No. 17.

THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS,

&c.,

&C.,

&c.

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

A. SETH,

Secretary.

Appendix No. 9.

PUBLIC WORKS OFFICE, HONGKONG, 14th January, 1897.

SIR,

In continuance of previous correspondence we have the honour to forward you for the information of the Commission the following

(a) A statement shewing the lanes less than 15 feet in width in the City of

Victoria upon which houses front.

(b) A statement shewing backyards in the City of Victoria that are obstructed.

(c) Plan of a portion of the City of Victoria bounded on the north by the Harbour, on the east by Eastern Street, on the south by Second Street and on the west by Western Street, illustrating the insanitary arrange- ment of house property.

We have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servants,

FRANCIS A. Cooper,

Director of Public Works.

FRANCIS W. CLARK,

Medical Officer of Health.

A. SETH, ESQ.,

Secretary,

Insanitary Properties Commission.

[ xv ]

Appendix No. 9. (a.)

CITY OF VICTORIA.

Statement showing Lanes, Streets, etc., less than 15 feet in width upon which houses front.

Street.

No. of Houses

Blacksmith Lane,.

Fung Un Street,

Small Lane off Leighton's Hill Road,

Ui Lung Lane,

Amoy Lane,

Cross Lane,

Hi Lung Lane,

Holy Infant Lane,

Man Ming Lane, Rock Lane, Shek Kai Lane, St. Francis Lane, Swatow Lane, Tai Wong Lane, Tik Lung Lane,

Tsui Lung Lane,

Tsui In Lane,

Tsing Kai Lane,

Ui Hing Lane,

·

Wing Fung Lane, East,

Kai Un Lane,

No name, between Nos. 8 & 10, Queen's Road Central,

No name, between Nos. 60 & 64, Peel Street,

Overbeck Terrace,

Rednaxela Terrace,

Chuk Hing Lane,

Chinese Street,

Chuk On Lane,..

7

18

17

15

4

8

32

6

4

1

1

6

4

1

Health District.

Width.

Remarks.

fronting on Lane.

1

5

13'. 0"

3

13'. 6"

** AN AAAAAAAAAAAA A A A A A RATH

3

8*. 0"

15

11. 0"

18

12' 0"

4

6'. 6"

5

13'. 6"

12

12'. 0"

424

5'. 6"

7.0" 7'.

11'. 6"

12′. 0"

11'. 6"

14'. 0"

6'.

Q"

8'. 4"

7.0"

11′

0′′

12'. 0′′

6'. 3"

11'. 3"

S'. 0"

7.0"

10′

0′′

6'. 6′′

32

14. 1"

"7

4

6'. l'

""

D'Angilar Lane,

3

9′, 0"

21

Ezra Lane,

77

8'. 0"

77

Gutzlaff Street,.

12

14′ 0′′

22

Hing Lung Street,

42

14′. 10′′

>>

Laue, behind Nos. 108 and 110, Wellington Street,..

2

6'. 0"

22

Lok Hing Lane,

11

12'. 1′′

""

Pottinger Lane,

7'. 6"

>>

Sun Wai Lane,

11'. 6"

"

Tung Tak Lane,

6′ 0′′

>>

Tun Wo Lane,

Tsun Wing Lane,..

Tit Hong Lane,

Wai Tak Lane,.

Wo On Lane,

Wing Wa Lane, (Southern Portion),.

20724

8'. 0′′

3

11'. 0"

27

12

14'. 0"

10

9′. 0"

17

14′ 0′′

Crown Land.

6'. 0′′

Crown Land.

Yan Shau Lane,

8' 0"

"

Chung Wo Lane,

5

23

12′. 0°

Georges Lane,

"

Gilman Street,

12

""

I'On Lane,

13

77

Kan U Fong,

>>

South,

15

"

North,

""

West,

"

"

Kin Sau Lane,

11

""

Man Hing Lane, Mee Lun Lane,........... Ming Yun Lane,

On Wo Lane,

Pak Tsz Lane,

19

16

29

""

18

""

Sam Ka Lane,

Shin Hing Lane,

RAK

12

11'. 0"

Carried forward,...........

60

547

20 69 00 1-10 2K-OON ∞ 0*2

8

7

9'.10" 14'. 6"

10′ 0′′

10' 0"

10′ 0′′

12'. 6"

10. 4"

11'. 6"

6

10′ 6′′

S'. O"

6

7'. 0" 11'. 0"

8'. 6" 11'. 6" 14'. 6"

[ XVI ]

Statement showing Lanes, Streets, etc.,-—Continued.

Health

No. of Houses

Street.

Width.

Remarks.

District.

fronting

on Lane.

Brought forward,..

60

547

Tung Man Lane,

5

44

12'. 3"

Tsui On Lane,

8

10′. 0"

12

Tung Shing Lane,

11'. 0"

"

Tung Wa Lane,

9′. 0"

"}

Un Wo Lane,

Wa Hing Lane, Wa On Lane, Wa In. Fong, East, Wa In Fong, West, Wing On Street, A Chung Lane,

3

S'. 0"

>>

6

8'. 0"

>>

5

11. 2"

18

8′.0"

16

11'. 6"

""

45

11'. 10"

6

6

11′ 8′′

Crown Land.

Kwai Wa Lane,

Kwong Yuen Street, East,

Ping On Lane,

Kat Sing Lane,.......

Tan Kwai Lane,

U Hing Lane,

Wing Shing Street,

Ng Kwai Fong,

Tung Loi Lane,

12

9'. 6"

16

12'. 8"

""

Kwong Yuen Street, West,..

13

12'. 9′′

"7

3

6'. 0"

""

5

""

g'.

9′. 2"

""

6

8'. 6"

>>

Upper Ladder Street Terrace,

Cheung Hing Lane, .

6'.10"

23

8' 0"

14'. 6"

4

12'. 5"

Crown Land.

Yu Yam Lane, Fat Hing Street, Heung Lane,. Ng Fuk Lane, Pan Kwai Lane,

* * *

25

14'. 2"

6

9'. 0"

""

17

12'. 9*

11

6' to 12"

Crown Land.

3

8'. 0"

""

10

9'. 0"

27

Sai Woo Lane,

27

14. 4"

39

Tsung Sau Lane, East,

22

13'. 0"

""

Tsung Sau Lane, West,

28

13'. 0"

>>

Tsz Mi Alley,

26

14'. 6"

""

Au Fung Lane,...

1

12'.10"

Fuk Luk Lane,

13

12' 0"

""

Fuk Sau Lane,

8

12'..0"

""

Kung Sau Lane, Lau Ü Lane, Leung I Fong, On Wai Lane,

Sai Chung Lane,

Sheung Fung Lane, Sung Hing Lane, Tak Sing Lane,

U Lok Lane,..

7

5'. 9"

16

4'.11"

23

10

13'. 4′′

""

10. 0"

4'. 0"

3

""

13'. 0"

13'. 2′′

22

35

>>

18

7 135

25

19'.10" 13'. 4"

14'. 0′′ {12'. 3* 8′. 6"

6'. 6"

Un Shing Lane,

20

7. 8"

""

14'. 4"

Un Fuk Lane,

10

13'. 11"

22

Hing Lung Lane, East,

10

5

12'. 0"

I Yik Lane,

20

14'. 7"

""

No. 3 Lane,

12'. 0"

No. 6 Lane,

Sam To Lane,

6

11'. 9"

"

9

12′. 0"

""

Sai On Lane,

11

13'. 6"

Sai Wo Lane,

4

10′ 0′′

Tung Wo Lane West,

21

14'. 2′′

"}

Sai Hing Lane,........

10

10′ 0′′

"9

Wo On Hong,

8

14'.10"

29

Total No. of Streets and Houses,..

116

1,225

}

[ xvia]

Statement showing Private Lanes, Streets, etc. of a width of 15 feet or more

upon

which houses front.

Street.

*

No. of

Health

Houses

Width.

Remarks.

;

District.

fronting

on Street.

Lamont's Lane,.... Fletcher Street, McGregor Street,.

12

8

67'. 0"

40

30′ 0′′

32

21′ 0′′

""

San Wa Fong,

17

56'. 0′′

""

Shan Piu Lane,..

10

15'. 0"

""

Mosque Terrace,

10

16′. 6"

Li Yuen Street, East,

30

24′. 0"

Li Yuen Street, West,

15

24' 0"

Tsui Yuen Lane,

3

18'. 3"

Wai San Lane,

6

17. 0"

Alveston Terrace,. Gilman's Bazaar,

5

4

15'. 1′′

41

18'. 3"

Hong Ning Laue,

7

15′. 2′′

""

Tsun Hing Lane,

7

15'. 1"

""

Wing Kut Street,

36

24'.11"

""

Wing Shing Street,

13

19'. 6"

""

Wing Wo Street,

33

18′. 9′′

""

Yun Woo Street,

7

15'. 1′′

""

( 20'. 1"

Wa Lane,

7

7

10'. 6"

Kom U Street,

6

19'.10"

Li Sing Street, Sutherland Street, Wo Fung Street, Cheong On Lane,........ Chung Ching Lane, Ham Yu Street, Sai Yuen Lane,

Tak Hing Alley, East,

Tak Hing Alley, West,.

Ui On Lane,

Kwong Fung Lane,

༠ ི རྟ མཆ བ བ མི མི མ བྱ

14

18'. 0"

9

15'. 0"

6

19′. 0"

8

16' 3"

22

20′. 0"

34

16' 1"

26

20'. 1"

24

25'. 2"

24

25'. 10"

8

15'. 1"

1

42'. 8"

Yat Foo Lane,

Total No. of Streets and Houses,..

14

20′. 0"

32

522

i

:

[ XVII ]

Appendix No. 9 (b).

STATEMENT SHEWING BACKYARDS THAT ARE OBSTRUCTED.

CITY OF VICTORIA.

Health District No. 1.

Name of Street.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

13

10

5

7

9

Ui Lung Lane,....

10

12

Matheson Street,

5

10 -

7

15

17

19

6

21

23

Leighton's Hill Road,

8

4A

25

6A

27

SA

29

41

1

43

5

53

7

55

9

57A

11

59

13

Wanchai Road,

59A

15

63

17

65

19

67

21

69

23

71

25

73

27

75

29

77

31

79

33

81

35

83

49

85

51

87

53

89

Jardine's Bazaar,

55

91

6

93

95

10

97

12

99

14

101

16

18

1

20

3

22

5

24

7

28

9

30

11

32

Ui Lung Lane,.

13

34

15

38

17

40

00 C3 A N

6

12

44

54

56

Name of Street.

[ XVIII]

Health District No. 1,-Continued.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

64

9

66

10

68

11

70

12

72

13

74

14

76

15

78

16

80

17

82

18

Jardine's Bazaar,

84

19

86

20

88

21

92

22

94

23

96

24

98

25

Yee Wo Street,

100

26

102

27

104

28

106

29

30

Fung Un Street,

1 50 10

31

3

5

32

33

34

35

3

36

Blacksmith's Lane,

37

7

38

9

39

40

4

41

5

42

Yee Wo Street,

6

7

8

Health District No. 2.

Total,.................

172

Name of Street.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

36

1A

37

2

38

4

39

Triangle Street,

6

40

8

41

12

42

13

Praya East,

52

53

54

55

Tai Wo Street..........

56

41 67

5

57

58

*10

7

8

[ XIX ]

Health District No. 2,-Continued.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

Name of Street.

Tai Wo Street,.

{

11

12

13

6

7

8

9

4

6

10

11

8

12

10

13

12

18

14

Albany Street,

19

16

20

18

21

Cross Street,.

20

22

22

23

23

26

24

28

25

29

26

30

27

28

30

44

2

6

6

8

3

5

7

9

24∞∞ 100 10

St. Francis Street,

8

10

12

14

2+

82

84

86

11

88

13

90

15.

92

17

94

19

Queen's Road East,

96

21

98

Nullah Lane,

.....

23

100

25

102

35

104

37

106

39

108

41

110

43

45

6

47

18

Kat On Street,

8

10

20

12

22

22

24

26

888

28

Lung On Street,.

30

123 TH

3

4

Albany Street,

Nullah Lane,

4

5

123 10

+880

64

66

68

70

Name of Street.

[xx]

Health District No. 2,-Continued.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

1

3

5

7

9

Ship Street,

42

44

46

48

50

52

Wing Fung Street,

{

24

2

4

6

Wing Fung Lane West,.

10

12

14

Arsenal Street,

3

CO THE LO

4

5

28

30

Queen's Road East,

32

34

36

Queen's Road East,

Health District No. 3.

38

40

42

44

46

48

50

52

54

56

58

60

62

3

5

7

11

13

15

.

17

19

80

130

132

135

137

139

Total,

189

Name of Street.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

4

5

Queen's Road Central,

Beaconsfield Arcade,

6

{

11

13 17A

7

8

Total,.......

8

Health District No. 4.

Name of Street.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

21

225

19

25

20

35

36

Praya Central,

22

Praya Central,

37

23

40

24

41

2

Name of Street.

[ XXI ]

Health District No. 4,—Continued.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

肝肝肝

43

15

44

23

45

33

46

35

Praya Central,

48

37

49

Graham Street,.

39

50

41

59

43

60

46

48

Jubilee Street,

13

LO 1 ∞ co

5

7

8

8

10

Peel Street,

12

14

14

16

60

5

62

7

69

9

77

11

78

32

79

34

80

36

81

38

83

Wellington Street,

39

84

42

92

51

94

53

96

76

98

84

100

88

103

118

Queen's Road Central,

104

108

110

15

112

18

114

43

116

118

Stanley Street,

45

46

120

54

123

64

125

126

128

Wing Wa Lane,.......

19

1

130

132

134

Wo On Lane,.

17

136

138

9

140

11

13

Tit Hong Lane,

{

6

15

00

8

17

Wyndham Street,

19

5

21

7

Li Yuen Street East,.

23

8

25

15,

27

Name of Street,

[ XXII ]

Health District No. 4,—Continued.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

23

24

25

26

26

28

D'Aguilar Street,

28

34

30

36

32

Hollywood Road,

38

40

40

42

1

44

2

Lan Kwai Fong,

46

5.

48

6

3

Cochrane Street,.

31

7

Gutzlaff Street,

14

Old Bailey Street,

9

11

15

17

17

18

19

1

20

2

Gage Street,

21

3

22

4

23

Shelley Street,

6

24

8

10

16

12

18

Hollywood Road,.

20

22

Total,.

166

Health District No. 5.

Name of Street.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

212

99

216

105

218

113

220

115

236

Jervois Street,

102

251

118A

253

120

255

122

Queen's Road Central,

257

124

259

313

Lower Lascar Row,

16

272

26

274

28

276

Gage Street,

39

280

41

282

43

9

7

Jervois Street,

13

11

61

Gough Street,.

19

89

21

:

Name of Street.

[ XXIII]

Health District No. 5,-Continued.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

81

56

83

82

Bonham Strand,.

103

81

Wing Lok Street,

105

86

107

109

4

24

co

8

29

Mercer Street,

10

33

12

59

16

107

18

115

Bonham Strand,.

119

Hillier Street,

27

121

26

Burd Street,

23

36

52

54

Total,......

70

Health District No. 6.

;

Name of Street.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

}

19

175

44

177

49

179

50

180

51

181

53

183

87

185

89

187

98

189

100

193

136

195

138

196

140

197

142

198

144

199

Queen's Road West,

146

148

Queen's Road West,

200

201

150

202

152

203

154

206

156

207

158

208

160

209

162

210

166

212

167

213

168

214

169

217

170

219

171

221

172

223

173

227

Name of Street.

[ XXIV]

Health District No. 6,-Continued.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

229

18

Queen's Road West,

231

20

22

359

Possession Street,

24

356

26

360

28

Queen's Road Central,

362

30

364

366

189

197

6

204

8

206

CO

9

208

Fat Hing Street,

11

210

12

212

13

214

14

216

15

218

17

220

224

Heung Lane,

4

работка

226

Hollywood Road,

228

1

230

3

232

9

233

11

234

13

236

15

238

17

240

19

242

21

244

23

246

25

248

27

31

1

33

2

35

3

37

Wah Lane,

4

39

5

47

6

Bonham Strand West,...

49

7

51

53

A Chung Lane,

12 10 10 CO

55

57

3

63

65

67

6

69

71

22

21

77

23

79

25

81

6

85

Possession Street,

&

87

10

8

12

10

14

12

16

14

>

.

:

Name of Street.

[ 21XXX]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,- Continued.

A

No. of

Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient| open space in rear.

1

1

D Abutting

against hillside to a depth of more than

4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

::

1

:

Wing Lok Street,

""

""

17

1

19

1

...

21

1

...

23

1

>>

25

1

"9

27

1

1

1

3

""

29

1

1

1

...

31

1

1

>>

33

1

1

1

1

"

35

1

1

4

""

37

1

...

""

39

1

1

1

...

19

41

1

1

1

...

...

.43

1

1

1

1

...

...

""

45

1

1

2

ARA A

47

1

1

3

...

49

1

1

3

...

51

}

1

1

4

53

1

1

1

5

...

...

>>

55

1

1

2

...

""

57

1

1

1

3

ور

59

1

1

...

...

...

>>

61

1

J

63

1

>>

65

1

67

1

1

...

>>

69

1

2

"

71

T

1

73

1

"

75

1

1

1

77

1

1

*

79

1

1

...

81

1

...

}}

83

1

1

...

""

85

1

1

...

87

1

1

-----

2

...

2

3

...

1

2

...

1

...

...

""

89

1

1

...

25

91

1

2

3

وو

93

1

17

95

1

39

97

1

1

1

,,

66

1

1

"

101

1

1

1

1

...

...

"9

103

1

1

105

1

1

I

1

...

...

...

>>

:

107

1

1

1

1

""

109

1

1

...

111

I

1

2

1

113

1

1

2

3 3

115

1

1

...

>>

117

1

1

...

...

119

1

1

...

29

2

...

4

3

""

4

39

6

2

3

5

""

""

1

""

8

1

1

2

...

""

10

1

}

I

2

""

12

1

1

1

3

29

14

1

2

""

16

1

1

1

2

25

18

1

1

2

20

1

1

1

2

2

...

22

1

1

1

3

39

24

Ι

1

1

...

CC

26

1

2

...

""

28

1

3

CC

30

...

""

Name of Street.

[ DDIXXX ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,-Continued.

A

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less

than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to

a depth of

more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on

each Floor.

Ground.

1 2 3 4

Wing Lok Street,

32

1

1

***

1

-

34

1

1

...

...

36

1

1

1

...

...

""

38

1

1

1

...

32

40

1

1

2 1

...

29

42

1

1

2

...

""

44

1

1

2

...

...

""

46

1

...

""

48

1

50

1

""

52

1

""

54

1

""

56

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

...

2

...

2

***

2

1

...

1

2

58

1

1

1

...

""

60

1

1

""

62

1

1

1

>>

64

1

1

...

99

1

1

1

1

17

68

1

1

1

2

3

""

70

1

1

2

...

"

72

1

1

1

1 1

""

74

1

1

1

3

3

""

76

1

1

1

1

2

>>

78

1

I

1

...

"2

80

1

}

1

""

82

1

1

1

2

""

84

1

1

1

I

...

""

86

1

1

1

2 2

...

88

1

...

1

2

CC

90

1

1

1

...

92

1

1

3

"

...

94

1

1

2

1

...

...

96

1

1

2

98

1

1

1

3

...

100

1

1

1

1

""

102

1

1

""

...

104

1

""

106

1

22

108

1

1

1

1

"

110

1

1

2

2

""

...

112

1

1

27

Wellington Street,

105

1

1

107

1

1

1

27

109

1

1

1

1

4

""

111

1

1

COIA 1:

2

4

17

113

1

1

""

...

115

1

1

1

27

117

1

1

I

""

119

1

1

1

2

2

>>

121

1

1

""

...

123

""

125

">

...

127

"

...

129

2

77

...

131

22

133

""

136

1

""

...

138

1

3

3

22

140

1

""

144

1

""

1

1

146

1

4

1

2

""

...

148

"2

...

...

...

150

1

""

...

152

23

...

T

154

>>

156

1

27

158

1

160

1

:- :

1

1

2

1

1

3

2

1

1

4

2

1

2

2

1

1

1

1

2

י

[xxxibb ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient

D Abutting against

No. of cubicles on

each Floor.

open space hillside to

in rear.

a depth of

4 feet.

more than

Ground.

Wellington Street,

162

1

1

1

3

4

164

1

1

1

...

"

166

1

1

1

1

168

1

1

1

2

""

170

1

1

1

2

""

172

1

1

4

""

174

1

1

1

176

1

1

1

4

...

...

27

178

1

1

1

3

...

25

180

1

1

3

""

182

1

1

1

...

"

184

]

1

""

186

1

1

""

188

1

1

RAR ***

""

190

1

192

194

2

1

196

198

...

...

1

1

1

1

Wa In Fong East,

""

""

1 2 3 4

1

1

1

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Ι

1

1

1

""

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

""

1

1

""

1

1

1

"

8A

1

1

...

""

""

10

""

11

"

12

"

13

90128

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

""

14

1

1

27

15

1

1

22

16

1

1

""

17

""

1

Wa In Fong West,.

3

1

1

1

1

: co co to 14 co co co no

2

3

3

3

3

...

"

1

19

1

""

""

9

11

1

1

""

13

1

""

15

/1

""

2

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

1

1

""

6

1

1

8

1

1

""

10

1

1

""

12

1

1

"

14

1

1

16

1

2

1

3

2

2

2

A

Yee Yuen Lane,.

140 O

1

1

2

1

1

1

2

3

1

1.

...

1

1

5

1

2

6

1

-- ~ ~ THC HHH g

CO CO - NN ÎN ÎN ÎN ——-~~~~ co co co -

00 30 1 2 O ON ON CO OD O

1

2

4

2

2

4

11

2

2

2

2

1

Yau Wo Lane,

Hi the

T....

""

""

">

""

264 10 © 1

:

4

...

1

...

2

...

4

2

2

1

...

::

3

3

...

...

""

""

Mar

April, 1897.

NIT

יזי

7

OF HEIL

JOHN REIDIE,

Inspector.

[ XXXII]

List of houseS IN No. 6 DISTRICT CLASSIFIED AS

FOLLOWS.

A

B

C

D

Fronting on

Insufficient

No. of

Name of Street.

Back to House. back house.

a lane less than 15

open space in rear.

feet wide.

Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

4

East Street,.

1

""

""

>>

11

"7

13

15

17

(6

...

***

...

...

""

19

21

>>

23

""

25

""

27

...

17

29

ور

31

""

33

11

35

})

37

39

39

41

43

...

45

...

47

"J

49

...

51

...

""

53

3

...

"

West Street,

55

09 10 1

ཡི མཻ ནི ཡི མཻ ནི ནི རྒྱུ རྒྱུ ནི ནི ནི མ མ བྷ ནི མ མ མ མ ནི ཀྵ བྷ ན ནི རྨ ི ནི ནི ནི ནི ནི མ ི མི ི

...

...

6

11

13

15

17

19

21

23

25

27

29

37

39

41

43

45

47

49

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

51

53

...

...

55

57

...

2

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

24

2225

...

...

co co :

3

3

...

3 2

...

4

2

***

3

...

6

3

...

...

7

...

*

...

...

74647774

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

+

4

5

6

4

4

2

...

...

4

4

44

444

...

...

...

...

+

9

QAAA WCIA 010 A 000000; co co co 10 c⠀⠀

2

3

...

...

3

6

...

...

***

6

...

...

6

5

16644

4

...

...

է

[ XXXIII]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

No. of

Name of Street,

Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

a depth of

more than 4 feet.

Ground. 1 2 3

4

West Street,

26

28

19

""

30

32

"

34

39

36

""

38

""

CC

""

وو

40

42

44

...

...

...

46

...

""

48

"

50

""

52

54

56

""

Upper Station Street,...

1

1

1

5

++++ 10 10 10 10 CO 1010 TO 1 0 21 to

3

44

6

...

::

...

"?

""

4

"

9

27

19

9

1

4

"

""

11

1

1

""

13

1

""

>>

15

I

1

""

>>

17

1

1

""

""

19

1

1

CC

t

21

1

1

""

23

1

1

6

""

"J

AA

"

CC

...

""

""

8

RRRAARA AA

""

10

""

12

""

14

"

16

18

20

22

""

...

24

*

...

Taipingshan Street,

""

??

AA

1979

5

1

1

1

Pound Lane,

1

Latrine.

3

1

"

""

"

>>

2

1

4

...

...

46136 67 CO 10 10 H COOH SHI× CO KO CO co co es 444

10 10

3

:

...

1

1

1

:

...

...

1

1

1

1

4

3

...

...

Market Street,

78

te

""

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***

I

80

Chung Hing Theatre.

82

1

...

84

1

Po Yan Street,

1

}

...

1

1

...

1 1

1

1

1

39

>>

""

1

...

1

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1

8

1

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10

1

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Tung Wah Hospital.

...

Cheung Hing Lane,

1

1

1

1

...

3

1

1

1

...

"

...

3

...

4

+:

5

6 8

3

54

10 10

10

Name of Street.

LIST OF HOUSES

A.

No. of

Back to House. back house.

[ XXXIV]

IN No. 6 DISTRICT,—Continued.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

Insufficient open space in rear.

D

Abutting against hillside to

a depth of

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

more than 4 feet.

Ground.

1 2 3

4

Cheung Hing Lane,

1

1

1

1

>>

27

1

1

"

"

1

"

"

1

""

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1

Wah Lane,

1

1

1

1

"

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1

1

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8

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101010042

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2

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A Cheung Lane,....

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27

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1

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1234

1

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37

1

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>>

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1

1

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43

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Possession Street,

1

33

>>

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9

27

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11

22

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39

15

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19

19

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1

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* Basement.

3

2

2 3 3

1

6

1

2

1

612

1

4

4

2

4

5

.

XXXV ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT, - Continued.

A

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D

No. of Cubicles ou each Floor.

Abutting against hillside to

a depth of

more than 4 feet.

Ground.

1 2

3

4

Possession Street,

1

1

3

""

10

1

22

12

1

>>

14

1

1

6

4

""

16

1

1

"

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18

1

1

6

6

"

20

1

1

22

1

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24

1

1

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26

1

1

6

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28

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4

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27

30

1

1

4

5

3

5000+10 10:00 10

10 10 10 10 000 10 10

4

4

4

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22

New Street,.

1

1

1

9

2

4

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11

3

>>

13

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6

3

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...

15

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1

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21

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23

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,

25

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27

1

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29

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1

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24

1

1

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26

1

1

6

28

1

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2 3

30

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1

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Hollywood Road,

180

1

1

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182

1

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186

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194

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196

1

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198

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200

1

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202

1

1

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204

1

1

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37

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206

1

1

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"

208

1

1

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210

1

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212

1

1

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214

1

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216

1

1

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19

218

1

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220

1

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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ CO KO KO KO

4677KITT∞

410 10 10 10 10 10 10 00

...

4

4

6

...

5

27

""

* Basement.

Name of Street.

[ IAXXX ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

No. of Back to House. back house.!

B Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to a depth of

No. of cubicles ou each Floor.

more than 4 feet.

Ground. 1 2 3

4

Hollywood Road,

222

1

1

5:10

224

1

1

3

""

226

1

1

4

**

*

228

1

1

3

>>

230

1

...

1

4

>>

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232

A

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234

3

2

5

23

>>>

236

4

5

>>

29

238

77

23

240

1

1

1

5

4

...

6

>>

""

242

1

1

>>

244

1

AAA

""

246

1

1

...

248

1

""

250

1

1

...

29

252

1

1

""

254

1

1

"

256

1

...

>>

258

1

1

>>

187

1

1

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189

1

1

3

>>

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191

1

""

27

193

1

1

2

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*

195

1

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"

197

1

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>>

199

Archway.

**

201

1

1

37

203

1

1

""

205

1

>>

207

1

1

>>

25

209

1

>>

>>

211

2

3

6

...

213

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215

1

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217

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219

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223

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2

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...

...

77

>>

225

1

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227

1

1

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25

229

1

1

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27

231

1

}

22

233

""

"

235

1 Latrine.

...

""

>>

237

1

1

3

4

27

"

239

1

I

:

01: 1000 10

>>

29

Upper Rutter Street,...

1

10

2

""

"

""

"

""

""

"

"

""

""

وو

.

35

6

""

15

6

10

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>>

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12 13

>>

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Lower Rutter Street,..

.

27

>>

19

""

22

>>

""

""

:

1

2

...

*Basement.

...

5

5

5 5

4

4

6

3

2

5

5

6

2

...

...

3

10 10 10 10

...

5

Y

E

[ XXXVII]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

4

Lower Rutter Street,

""

"

A

* * * * *

32

>>

8

9

35

""

10

11

12

13

...

4

5

*:*:

6

3

2

10+ 0 0

4

4

5

5

3

4

Fat Hing Street,.

"

1

""

"

""

""

19

"

1

1

1

1 1

Being rebuilt.

1

1

2

>>

>>

27

>>

9

>>

>>

10

>>

11

12

""

13

**

14

1

>>

>>

1

1

15

1

>>

1

...

3

16

:

1

>>

75

1

1

5

">

་་

17 18

...

1

1

1

1

>>

Morrison Street,..

1

1

3

1

1

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>>

1

1

""

1

2

1

:

:

9

?

29

72

Archway.

11

1

1

1

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>>

13

1

1

""

15

1

1

>>

23

17

1

1

27

""

Bonham Strand,

100

1

102

1

1

23

104

1

1

""

106

1

>>

"

108

1

""

""

110

1

A

31

112

""

22

114

""

116

19

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118

1

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120

1

1

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122

1

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124.

1

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126

1

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1

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5

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130

1

4

4

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132

1

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134

3,

>>

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1

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138

1

33

>>

140

1

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142

1

1

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27

144

1

1

2

⠀ ⠀

na in

2

3

5

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146

1

1

>>

148

1

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135

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137

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27

139

1

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1

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143

1

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145

1

1

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147

1

2

2

ל3

>>

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

[ XXXVIII]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,— Continued.

B

C

D Abutting

against hillside to

Fronting on Insufficient

A

Name of Street.

No. of Back to

a lane less House. back house.

than 15 feet wide.

open space in rear.

a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground.

I

2

3 4

Bonham Strand,........ 149

1

1

:

Queen's Road Central,...

335

337

A

31

>>

339

">

311

46

343

>>

""

345

1*

1*

1*

1*

1*

1*

32

>>

347

1*

多少

""

349

1*

**

27

351

1*

""

37

353

1*

"

>>

355

1*

>>

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I*

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27

359

1

1*

12

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1

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19

363

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ARRA

>>

365

1

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367

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369

1 *

371

1*

373

375

1

377

1

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379

1

336

1

338

1

1

340

1

1

342

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350

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352

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1.360 ·

1

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1

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1

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1

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374

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576

2

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378

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380

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382

23

384

77

22

386

Tung Loi Lane,

1

1

1

...

1

1

"

1

1

"

1

1

""

6

1

>>

""

11

1

**

>>

13

1

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77

25

15

1

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17

1

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27

མ མ ཀྵ ཡི མི བ ི

23.

1

25

1

2

1

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

...

* Basement.

2

[ XXXIX ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,—Continued.

B

C

Fronting on Insufficient

A

No. of

Back to

a lane less

Name of Street.

+

House. back house.

than 15

feet wide.

D Abutting

No. of cubicles on

against

each Floor.

en space

hillside to

a depth of

more than

Ground. 1

3

4 feet.

ofe

in rear.

Tung Loi Lane,

10

1

1

12

1

27

14

1

1

יי

**

16

1

""

*

18

""

"

20

2.

">

22

29

24

"

Praya West,

"

Archway.

1

1

: 10

3

3

:

1

9

1

**

10

1

4

>>

11

1

وو

12

1

1

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13

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aim co

2 2

3 6

5

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24

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31

1

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1

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34

1

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27

35

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27

36

1

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38

1

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4

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42

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45

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1

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2

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47

48

49

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50

51

52

1

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54

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55

1

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58

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60

1

1

61

1

1

62

1

1

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63

1

1

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:

¦ co co

3

A

2

2

[ XL ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6. DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

No. of

Name of Street.

Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

D

Insufficient

open space in rear.

Abutting against hillside to

a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

Praya West,

64

1

65

1

6

33

:

1

77

67

25

68

69

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2:

71

72

1

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73

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>>

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77

27

78

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Archway

79

1

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80

6

6

>>

81

29

Archway

82

1

1

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83

1

1

"

84

1

>>

85

1

1

86

1

19

87

Archway

4

39

88

1

1

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89

1

1

2

29

90

1

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91

1

1

92

77

Archway

""

93

1

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94

1

95

Archway

>>

96

97

1

98

1

99

1

100

"}

101

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102

1

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103

"

104

""

105

3

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106

1

>>

107

1

5

6

...

>>

108

1

109

110

1

1

111

1

112

29

113

1

1

27

114

1

>>

115

"

116

""

117

33

118

""

1

3

1

Rebuilding

"J

119

*

120

25

121

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122

123

1

1

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1

1

3

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124

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125

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126

1

127

1

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23

131

1

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Archway

: co co co co¦ ¦ ¦ NNA co

4

:

[ XLI ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,~Continued.

A

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House.back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

Insufficient open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

a depth of more than 4 feet.

Ground. 1 2

4

Praya West,

133

1

134

1

135

1

""

136

1

12

137

و,

138

1

""

139

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Archway.

6

6

...

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140

1

1

141

1

1

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142

1

1

27

143

1

,,

144

1

2

>>

145

1

:

27

Wing Lok Street,

121

Old Harbour Offices.

123

1

1

125

1

>>

127

1

17

129

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27

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131

1

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133

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171

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173

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175

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""

132

1

1

""

**

134

}

"

39

136

1

4

>>

19

138

""

29

2

A

B

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House.back house.

a lane less

[ XLII ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,—Continued.

Fronting on Insufficient

C

D Abutting

than 15 feet wide.

open space

against hillside to

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

in rear.

a depth of

more than

Ground. 1 2 3

1

4 feet.

Wing Lok Street,

140

:

"

142

>>

144

وو

146

"

1

I

148

25

i

}

"

**

150

I

1

>>

152

"

}

}

3

3

154

>>

1

1

23

>>

156

*

158

>>

1

93

160

162

31

"

164

27

166

1

"

1

168

21

1

3

*

170

""

172

די

174

J

1

176

"

1

3

178

,,

180

39

1

182

1

1

184

1

وو

1

3 3

186

1

188

"

""

1

I

Bonham Strand West,..

"

1

1

1

"

}

2

4

Hin 30

1

دو

1

""

9

1

1

11

1

""

"

2

13

1

1

15

1

""

1

""

17

دو

1

2

19

1

"3

25

A

21

1

1

2

23

1

93

1

32

A

25

1

""

1

27

1

23

1

3

2

*

29

1

"1

I

31

**

3

33

1

35

1

93

1

37

1

jaa ja

2

""

39

1

1

3

">

*

.

41

1

1

دو

وو

دو

43

1

1

1

2

""

47

""

1

93

49

1

1

2

3

""

51

1

دو

1

3

""

53

1

**

2

":

55

1

دو

1

34

57

1

3

59

I

1

""

""

61

1

32

1

63

1

31

2

39

65

1

""

3

4

"

>>

A

67

1

2

""

69

1

"

2

71

1

33

73

1

"

75

1

""

77

1

J

2

1

79

1

25

29

2

2 4

81

1

"

>>

83

1

"

29

85

1

"

::

5

1

:

7

A

No. of

Name of Street.

Back to House. back house,

a lane less

[ XLIII]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,- -Continued.

B Fronting on Insufficient

C

D Abutting

No. of cubicles on

than 15 feet wide.

open space in rear.

against hillside to

each Floor.

a depth of

more than 4 feet.

Ground. 1

Bonham Strand West,..

27 13

1

1

2

2

*

""

246

1

1

1

1

1

1

"

91

1

1

""

"

10

1

6 9

""

12

1

1

"

"

14

1

1

"

16

1

1

>>

""

18

1

"

20

1

1

6 6

3

>>

,

22

1

1

*

24

1

1

"

26

1

1

3.

28

1

1

939

";

30

1

1

2 8 611

دو

22

32

1

1

"

2)

34

1

1

2

4

"

36

1

1

3

3

A

وو

38

1

1

40

1

1

35

42

1

1

">

42A

1

1

99

44

1

1

3

29

46

1

1

وو

*

48

1

1

9

"3

"

50

1

1

3

3

"

99

52

1

1

"

99

3

54

1

1

*

>>

56

1

1

*

دو

58

1

""

""

60

وو

""

62

""

64

99

"

66

68

27

AA

70

"J

72

1

1

1

1

2

1

1

1

2

10

10

""

74

1

29

""

Heung Lane,

"

*

100 101-246

1

1

6

Latrine.

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

I

1

I

**

8

1

1

1

"

10

1

1

"

12

1

1

4

3

14

1

1

2

16

1

1

"

Queen's Street,

1

1

:

1

6

1

1

**

>>

1

9

1

2

11

2

11 11

13

1

2

610

ཁ་

15

17

...

""

39

29

]

5

3

3

19

1

1

1

1

2

...

1

3

3

1

"

8

1

""

10

1

29

12

1

""

1

2

1

4

1

....

2 2

...

....

:

[ XLIV ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,—Continued.

Insufficient

A

No. of

Name of Street.

Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than

1 feet.

No. of cubicles on

each Floor.

Ground. 1

3

Queen's Street,

14

16

18

"

40*22

1

1

1

1

1

2

2

1

1

2

2

Tsung Sau East,

*

1

5

3

1

1

1

1

3

4

"

""

1

1

29

"

9

1

1

""

""

11

1

1

2

3

39

"

13

1

1

3

"3

15

1

1

4

*

17

1

1

"3

"

19

1

1

"

21

1

1

31

2

1

1

5

"

4

1

1

""

6

1

1

19

8

1

3

"

10

1

1

3

**

12

1

1

2

"

14

1

1

33

""

16

1

1

"

""

18

1

19

20

1

1

2

"

"

22

1

1

Tsung Sau West,

1

1

1

3

1

1

>>

35

5

1

1

*

""

1

1

4

""

""

9

1

I

"

"

11

1

1

??

13

1

1

99

15

1

1

3

4

"

*

17

1

1

4

""

19

1

1

3

39

""

21

1

1

3

""

23

1

1

3

2

19

"

25

1

1

35

27

1

1

2

"3

6-1

2

1

1

3

"

* * *

4

1

1

3

...

6

1

1

8

1

1

"

"

10

1

1

**

""

12

1

1

""

14

1

1

"

"

16

1

"

18

1

1

"

20

1

99

22

Ι

1

co:

3

""

24

1

26

1

2

4

3

3

""

28

1

: 00

37

Woo Fung Street,

"J

39

""

55

""

"

"}

CIA CON -

2

1

1

Godowns

Pan Kwai Lane,.

"

}

1

1

1

1

...

1

I

""

9

1

1

>>

O OI OI

co:

3

:

:

:

:

:

:

[ XLV ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

No. of

Name of Street.

Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D Abutting against hullside to

a depth of more than

4 feet.

Pan Kwai Lanc,...

No. of cubicles on

each Floor.

Ground. 1

4

10

24609

1

1

1

1

1

3

I

1

1

2

1

1

1

1

:

:

∞∞NNN

:

:

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

Sutherland Street,

>>

Godowns

1

:

:

""

1

1

1

4

1

1

8

1

2

>>

10

1

1

6

12

1

1

29

14

1

1

6

"J

+

it imoa O

5

Li Sing Street,

1

I

1

:

4

1

1

"

1

1

29

7

1

9

1

1

5

5

11

1

1

13

1

1

**

2

1

1

1

1

4

"

1

1

8

1

1

10

12

14

024

1

1

1

1

I

Wilmer Street,

1

3

}

52

ور

1

""

""

23

29

>>

""

8

1

1

1

10

I

1

12

1

:

Tsz Mi Alley,..

1

1

1

1

";

1

3

""

1

>>

9

1

4

99

11

1

1

13

1

5

""

15

1

""

17

1

19

Ι

1

""

21

1

1

23

1

1

29

1

I

5

1

1

I

""

8

1

1

10

1

"1

12

29

14

1

"}

16

1

"

18

1

""

20

1

1

22

1

1.

99

24

1

1

"

26

1

""

28

1

1

"

Sai Woo Lane,

1

1

1

1

:

:

:

[ XLVI ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient open space in rear.

Continued.

D Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1

3

4

Sai Woo Lane,

"

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

4

4

1

1

:

11

1

1

1

13

}

I

1

15

1

1

17

I

1

}

19

1

1

I

""

21

1

1

33

23

1

1

1

""

1

1

1

"

1

}

1

1

1

31

1

1

3

"

1

1

1

4

93

10

1

>>

12

1

39

14

1

1

33

16

1

1

""

18

1

1

""

20

1

季节

22

1

1

""

24

1

1

5

33

26

1

1

1

""

28

1

J

Eastern Street

SAN

I

1

4

1

1

1

*

1

";

10

12

39

14

16

1

""

18

1

3

>"

20

I

22

1

24

1

26

1

1

28

1

1

30

1

...

32

1

1

34

1

1*

36

1

**

>>

38

*

40

33

42

3

4

2

...

"

44

:

>>

Ng Fuk Lane..

>>

"

In Kü Lane,

11

??

29

CN -

123

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

7

Godowns

8

9

""

10

11

"

12

13

"

14

""

* Basement.

:: co

3

4

+ ::

a

...

!

[ XLVII]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground.

1 2 3

Kum Ü Street,

I

:

1

1

"

་་

Godowns.

1

5

1

6

"

Queen's Road West,

1

1

3

I

"

??

1

1

29

1

1

23

""

1

1

多多

""

11

1

1

>>

25

13

1

1

15

1

1

"

17

1

1

""

19

1

1

21

1

1

23

1

1

12

25

1

1

29

99

39

27

1

1

"

""

29

1

1

3

3

""

31

1

""

33

I

1

3

"

35

1

3

""

"

9 3

...

37

1

1

3

100 naiina so co co co co co

3 2

3

""

39

1

1

""

41

1

1

43

1

1

+1

45

1

1

5"

"

29

47

1

1*

19

49

1

1

1

12

#

51

1

""

""

53

1

*

"2

55

1*

.་

66

57

1

*

59

1

*

27

61

1

1*

وو

""

63

1

1*

""

""

""

65

1

coco co co m⠀⠀

3

3

3

3

3

4

""

1

1

""

29.

69

1

1

""

71

1

""

1

4

3

"

73

1

1

59

75

1

1

77

Archway

"

79

1

3

4

""

29

81

1

1

5

""

83

1

1

5

1

1

""

وو

1

""

23

89

1

1

A

91

1

1

1*

"

93

""

Archway

4

""

95

1

1

1

*

3

33

"

97

1

1

1*

""

99

1

1*

4

101

1

1

1

*

""

103

1 *

""

105

1

1

*

2

"

>>

107

1

}

*

""

109

1

1

2

""

111

1

1

*

113

1

1*

2

,,

115

1

29

117

1

1

1

*

119

1

1

1

""

""

121

1

1

"5

...

123

1*

**

లు: :

3

4

""

""

* Basement.

[ XLVIII]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,- Continued.

A

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient open space in rear.

-

D Abutting against hillside to

a depth of more than

4 feet.

No. of cubicles on cach Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

1

Queen's Road West,

125

127

29

129

"

131

1

1

1

1

1*

1

1

* *

3

*

*

133

135

"

39

99

137

*

#

139

*

"1

141

1*

99

143

**

""

"

☺ ☺

145

147

...

149

""

27

151

""

153

1

**

1*

1

5

""

155

1*

2

""

99

157

1*

""

159

1*

19

161

1

35

29

163

1*

"

29

165

1*

167

1

1*

*

>

169

1

1

1*

""

171

1

1

1*

""

""

RAA

173

1

1

1*

175

1

1*

177

1

1

1*

4

179

1

1

1*

"

181

1

1

""

183

1

1

1*

39

""

185

1

1

1*

""

""

187

1

1

1

"

19

189

1

1

*

""

وو

191

1

Ι

35

29

193

1

1

""

29

195

1

1

""

+9

29

***

197

1

1

199

1

201

1

*

22

203

1

1

3

5

5

3

6

27

205

"

་་

207

1

1

29

209

1

4

39

211

Archway

""

213

1

1

1*

3

39

215

1

1*

4

""

217

1

1*

219

...

1

}*

""

221

1

1*

""

""

223

1

1

1*

""

""

225

Archway

35

""

227

1

1

25

""

229

1

1

3

3

""

231

1

1

""

19

233

1

22

""

235

1

1

*

""

39

237

1

1*

*

""

""

2

"

"

99

>>

6

""

"J

8

""

""

10

""

12

""

>"

14

""

"

16

""

·

18

"

"

20

""

"

22

21

39

24

55

*Basement.

3

4

3

Y

[ XLIX]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less

than 15 feet wide.

Insufficient

open space

in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to

a depth of

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

more than 4 feet.

Ground.

Ι

Queen's Road West,

26

28

""

30

""

"

32

""

"

34

""

36

1

99

""

36A

1

72

""

38

1

"

29

40

1

coco

2010: 20 10 09 20

3

co co co do

2

""

""

12

1

""

""

3

44

1

>>

">

46

1

""

""

48

1

""

"

50

1

"

52

1

1

""

54

1

1

">

56

1

1.

25

""

58

1

1

5

""

A

60

1

1

""

""

62

1

1

""

*

64

1

1

9

66

Ι

1

"

68

1

1

""

70

1

1

39

72

1

1

""

""

*

""

"

""

""

39

74

76 78

80

1

1

1

1

1

To bo torrijar or

HHHH :

Do NO

5

8

7

5

4001 - 7∞

5

4

1

1

1

1

80A

79

""

82

1

1

5

""

""

84

1

1

86

1

1

39

I

88

39

99

Western

Hotel

1

92

""

79

94

1

""

96

1

""

""

98

1

55

100

1

59

102

""

104

2

5

106

39

108

""

""

110

""

112

""

>>

114

??

""

116

12

99

118

""

120

29.

29

122

""

122A

>>

""

"

124 126

""

""

128

""

130

"9

39

132

""

""

134

""

136

1

1

""

"9

99

*****

138

1

1

140

1

1

142

1

1

144

}

1

146

1

1

4

""

99

""

29

""

""

* * *

148

1

1

4

150

1

152

1

1

5 3 3

154

]

1

156

1

1

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀0 10 10 10 H 10 ON GO CO CO

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

3

2

3

""

L

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

Name of Street.

B

Fronting on No. of Back to a laue less House. back house. than 15

feet wide.

C

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground.

1 2 3 4

...

3

3

3

Queen's Road West,

158

1

1

160

1

1

""

162

1

1

>>

164

1

3 2

"

166

Ι

""

168

1

2

170

1

1

2

"

ލ

172

1

174

""

34

176

1

1

""

""

178

I

I

2

"

180

1

""

>>

182

1

1

3

""

184

1

1

2

...

22

""

186

1

1

...

"

""

188

1

1

"

""

190

1

1

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192

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194

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196

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198

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200

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202

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204 Archway

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Sai Cheong Lane,

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Queen's Road West,

206

208

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212

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214

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216

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218

220

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19

222

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Eastern Street, (New A2

building.)

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Road.

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15

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18

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Old Praya,

New Reclamation,

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6

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* Basement.

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[LI]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 6 DISTRICT,-Continued.

A

No. of

Name of Street.

Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D

Abutting

against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on

each Floor.

CO

Ground.

12:

3

New Reclamation,

12

1

13

1

""

14

1

""

15

1

16

1

17

1

""

18

1

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19

39

20

21

39

22

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3

April, 1897.

THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH.

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THOMAS HORE,

Inspector.

SIR,

[ LII]

Appendix No. 14.

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 2nd March, 1895.

I have the honour to forward to you Dr. Lowson's report upon the late Plague epidemic in this Colony.

It reflects the greatest credit on its author for the care with which the records have been kept from the beginning, the practical way in which the symptoms, progress and treatment of the disease and its post mortem appearances have been treated, and the recommendations that have been made to prevent its occurrence in the future.

The necessity for remedying the results of faulty construction of the houses in the Chinese quarters, the want of ventilation, light and air in them, the impossibility of keeping them clean and wholesome, the inadequate water supply, the want of proper drainage, the overcrowded condition of the houses, the filthy condition of wells, the necessity for proper latrine accommodation, and the enormous amount of filth collected in the houses have now been fully revealed. I first called the attention of Government to the state of things I have mentioned in my report dated the 15th April, 1874, within six months of my arrival in this Colony. In this report I mentioned by name the streets and lanes, and the position of many gullies without a name in that portion of Taipingshan which has now been walled in, and the condition of filth in which I found the houses, also streets and alleys in other portions of the town; almost the same state of things was found in 1894. Yet a further special report was sent in by a Commission appointed to verify the statements made in my report which was sent in in May 1875. In 1880 Mr. CHADWICK arrived with a Royal Commission to investigate the condition of things described, and his full report to the Secretary of State appeared in a Blue Book. Six years afterwards he again visited the Colony and expressed his surprise at finding how little had been done to remedy the state of things he had described, and again reported on them. Many laws have been made in the twenty years previous to 1894 to remedy the insanitary state of the Colony, but most have remained dead letters owing to the difficulties of enforcing them and the prejudices of the Chinese especially and other sections of the community.

Since 1874 the divisions of the City of Victoria inhabited by Chinese have increased more than three fold in size, and the new portions are in nearly as bad a condition as the old.

The labours of Hercules in cleansing the Augean stables were a trifle compared with that which the Government has to contend with in the near future in cleansing the City of Victoria and other inhabited portions of the Colony.

Another report from the Permanent Committee of the Sanitary Board will describe the work done by those working under their supervision.

Dr. Lowson's report is a most interesting and valuable addition to medical literature, and will no doubt receive the commendations it deserves. He was most unsparing of himself during the progress of the epidemic and untiring in his efforts to render assistance to all who were working under his superintendence. The work done by him during this trying period cannot be too well recognised.

That the latrines are a source of propagating the infection as described by Dr. Lowson there is no doubt, and proof is afforded by the dates of the closing of the sur- rounding houses. I found on inquiry that during the end of May and the beginning of June, when the prevailing winds were from the cast and north, the houses to the west and south of the latrines were closed and afterwards, when the prevailing winds were

1

.

[ LIII]

from the south and west, the houses to the north and east of the latrines were closed, being found infected and more than three deaths having occurred in each of them. Mr. RAM made elaborate plans of the City of Victoria showing where the plague existed, and the proportion of houses in each district that were infected.

I have the honour to be,

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

Appendix No. 14 (a).

PH. B. C. AYRES, Colonial Surgeon.

EXTRACTS

From the Report of Mr. Osbert Chadwick, on the Sanitary Condition of Hongkong, dated 19th July, 1882. [C.-3387.]

66

+6

"149.-The absence of any lane or alley giving access to the backs of the houses, a "defect but too common in Victoria, is a great impediment to improvement in sanitation. It is a principle, almost universally admitted, that drains should not pass under the houses, but where there are no back alleys this is impossible. The want of a backway "to the house is an almost insuperable obstacle to the introduction of the dry-earth, or any other improved system of conservancy. For the effective application of such systems, the work of cleansing and removal must be done by persons employed and directed by some public authority. If left to private persons, neither regularity nor "thoroughness can be ensured. In the absence of a back entrance, the Government "employees must traverse the whole dwelling, an arrangement to which the Chinese

not unnaturally object, for reasons that will be stated under the head of scavenging.

66

66

150.-In framing regulations as to open spaces, continuous back alleys should "be insisted on wherever practicable, and in case of existing buildings every effort should “be made to introduce means of access to the back parts of them. The Chinese like to "retain such alleys as private property, and to close them with gates at night. There "will be no objection to this especially if, following the general tenour of their own "customs, the neighbours appoint some person to be responsible for order and cleanli- "ness in the common alley. The obstruction of the alley by partitions of any sort "should be absolutely prohibited in new houses. Further, to encourage the construction "of alleys, a smaller proportion of space might be permitted, when in the form of a “continuous lane communicating with the public street, than when it takes the form of "an enclosed court

66

666

"151.--The following are the amounts of open space prescribed by authorities in England. The Metropolitan Buildings Act (18 & 19 Vic., c. 122, sect. 29) specifies that Every building used or intended to be used as a dwelling house, unless all the rooms "can be lighted and ventilated from a street or alley adjoining shall have in the rear or "on the side thereof, an open space exclusively belonging thereto, of the extent at least "of one hundred square feet.'

44

[LIV]

"152.--The Model Bye-laws issued by the Local Government Board for the use of sanitary authorities are more precise, and more exacting, in their demands. Local sanitary authorities frame their own regulations, subject always to the approval and "sanction of the Local Government Board. The Model Bye-laws are promulgated by "that body for the guidance of sanitary authorities, and set forth the minimum provisions "which will, under ordinary circumstances, be sanctioned. The Model Bye-laws for a great number of municipal purposes have been prepared, and I would strongly recom- "mend that the Colonial Government should be supplied with a complete set.

I am "well aware that they are not by any means literally applicable to Colonial requirements, "but they cannot fail to afford many valuable suggestions.

46

66

“153.—In Part IV., New Streets and Buildings, pp. 29-32, with regard to the sufficiency of space about buildings to secure a free circulation of air, paragraph 53 provides that in front of the house, along its whole frontage, there shall be an open space, free from walls or other obstructions more than 7 feet high, not less than 24 "feet wide. In other words, from the front of the house to the boundary of the property "on the opposite side of the road there must be a clear space of not less than 24 feet."

66

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APPENDIX.

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ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS COMMISSION.

Appendix No. 1.

COMMISSION BY HIS EXCELLENCY THE ADMINISTRATOR.

[L.S.] WILSONE BLACK,

Major-General,

Administering the Government.

Whereas it is expedient that a Commission be appointed to inquire into and report on the importation into Hongkong, and the manufacture and sale in Hongkong of Alcoholic Liquors of all kinds, and into the operation of the laws regulating the same, and to ascertain whether any and what descriptions of crude, inferior, adulterated, or deleterious liquors are imported, manufactured, or sold and by whom and to what extent, and what measures may usefully be taken to improve the laws and to check the importation, manufacture, and sale in licensed houses and elsewhere of such crude, inferior, adulterated, or injurious liquors.

Now, therefore, I, WILSONE BLACK, C.B., Major-General Commanding Her Majesty's Forces in China and Hongkong, and administering the Government of Hongkong, in Executive Council assembled, do hereby under the powers vested in me by Ordinance 27 of 1886, entitled The Commissioners Powers Ordinance, 1886, appoint you—

(1) The Honourable HENRY ERNEST WODEHOUSE, C.M.G.,

(2) WILLIAM HARTIGAN, Esquire, M.D.,

(3) HUGH MCCALLUM, Esquire,

(4) JOHN JOSEPH FRANCIS, Esquire, Q.C.,

(5) The Reverend ROWLAND FRANCIS COBBOLD, M.A.,

to be a Commission for the purpose of instituting, making, and conducting such inquiry; And I do hereby appoint you the said Honourable HENRY ERNEST WODEHOUSE to be the Chairman of such Commission; And I do hereby appoint Mr. FRANK BROWNE to be the Secretary to such Commission; And I do hereby order and direct that for all or any of the purposes of this Commission three members thereof inclusive of the Chairman shall be and constitute a quorum. And I do further hereby order and direct that the said Commission shall, for the purpose of making the said inquiry, have all such powers as are vested in the Supreme Court of this Colony or in any Judge thereof on the occasion of any suit or action in respect of the following matters, viz.:— The enforcing the attendance of witnesses and examining them on oath, affirma-

tion or otherwise;

The compelling the production of documents;

The punishing persons guilty of contempt;

The ordering the inspection of any property; with power also, for the purpose

of this Commission, to enter and view any premises.

And I do hereby further direct that every examination of witnesses shall be held in private; And I do further require you to report to me the evidence and your opinion thereon; and I hereby charge all persons in the Public Service to assist you herein.

Given under my hand and the Public Seal of the Colony in Executive Council, this 14th day of February, One thousand eight hundred and ninety-eight.

By Command,

Council Chamber, Hongkong, 14th February, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

[ i ]

Appendix No. 2.

Questions sent to Colonel The O'Gorman, D.A.A.G., Hongkong.

HONGKONG, 4th March, 1898.

will

SIR-I am requested, on behalf of the Commission appointed to enquire into the importation, manufacture, and sale of alcoholic liquors in Hongkong, to ask if you be so kind as to favour the Commissioners with information on the following points

1. The number of cases of drunkenness reported to you during the year 1897

amongst the Garrison, also the strength of the Garrison.

2. To what extent does ordinary and excessive drunkenness affect the career

of a soldier? Give instances.

3. From your experience do you consider that the amount of drunkenness in the Garrison is excessive? Do you think that the excess, if any, is due to the quality of the liquor rather than to the quantity consumed? 4. Have a considerable number of good conduct men become bad or indifferent

during their stay in Hongkong on account of alcoholism?

5. Is the canteen under military control? (A) Whence is the liquor obtained? (B) How far is the canteen effective in inducing the soldiers. to neglect the city drinking taverns and saloons?

The Commissioners will be further much obliged if you will favour them with any remarks on the objects of their enquiry. A copy of the Commission is enclosed herewith.

I have the honour to be,

{

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Colonel THE O'GORMAN, D.A.A.G.

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

FRANK BROWNE, Secretary for the Commission.

To FRANK BROWNE, Esq.,

Secretary to the Commission.

HONGKONG, 5th May, 1898.

SIR, With reference to your letter of the 4th March I have the honour to render a report upon the subject of the consumption of alcoholic liquors by soldiers in Hongkong. In sending this report I beg to observe that I much regret the delay, which was caused by my having to obtain much of the information from Singapore from the West Yorkshire Regiment who garrisoned Hongkong in 1897.

REPORT.

I assume that you refer to cases of drunkenness among British Troops because the Indian soldiers' consumption of alcoholic spirit is infinitisimal and the report would be misleading if these Troops were considered in the calculation.

(b) It also would not be right to include Non-Commissioned Officers in this report because a Sergeant, to keep his rank, must be a sober man, a single case of drunkenness might lead to his reduction and would militate against his claims to promotion to rank of Color-Sergeant, Quarter-Master-Sergeant, Sergeant-Major, or to any position of responsibility or trust, regimental or garrison: besides which a Sergeant is a man of superior education and ability, and he takes pride in supporting creditably his position.

i

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Similar remarks, modified, apply to a corporal who is practically always a

didate for promotion to Sergeant. I therefore confine my observations to the Private Soldier, Gunner, and Sapper.

(1) Number of cases reported to Commanding Officers and Company Officers in 1897 amounted to 951.

Strength of British Garrison 1,509.

(2) Ordinary drunkenness, by which I understand fewer than 4 instances within a year, would not materially affect a private soldier's career provided that in his debau- ches he is not guilty of insubordination or violence. Here, however, the quality of the liquor is an important factor: in the Canteen or Institutes the liquor is always of good quality and a soldier may get drunk on it, be put into the Guard room and be duly disposed of with a fine or award of some days' confinement to Barracks, but the Chinese liquor (commonly called "Bazaar liquor") has very frequently the effect of making men violent, and one act of such violence might seriously affect a man's career.

For instance, a soldier gets drunk and becomes violent, he assaults a Non- Commissioned Officer, is tried by District Court-Martial and probably is awarded stop- page of pay and imprisonment.

This is likely to sour a man's temper and drive him to commit further crime: on discharge from the Army on completion of term of service he would probably not be given a "good" character, a very serious matter because a soldier trusts to employ- ment in civil life on the strength of a good character from his Company and Commanding Officers.

Commanding Officers have reported that this cheap Chinese liquor makes men mad for a time and is the cause of most of the serious crimes. Non-Commissioned Officers have told me that this fiery spirit takes effect upon soldiers very quickly, drives them off to brothels, and is the cause of nearly all the cases of insubordination and other crimes.

Excessive drunkenness ruins a soldier's career; he is deprived of pay, imprisoned, forfeits privileges such as passes, etc.; he breaks down in health, becomes a jail bird and an incumbrance in his corps, and on discharge is given a "bad" character; he leaves the Army a discontented man and his example is detrimental to recruiting.

(3) No; drunkenness in this Garrison is not excessive, one seldom sees a drunken soldier by day in the streets and not often at night.

(4) No; instances are very rare where good conduct soldiers have taken to drunken habits during their stay in Hongkong.

(5) Yes, under military control.

Usually from Messrs. McEwEN or Messrs. A. YOUNGER. Whiskies, Gin, etc., from respectable English merchants in Hongkong.

B. Most successful inasmuch as the liquor is good, cheap, and easily obtained. Soldiers do, however, occasionally go on a spree, and from curiosity, good fellow- ship, or other cause-perhaps because the liquor is cheap --enter some of the many drink- ing saloons and imbibe this fiery Chinese intoxicant.

Drunkenness in the Army is undoubtedly much on the decrease; the soldier is well fed and well cared for; he gets clothes in sufficient quantity for his wants; he is encouraged to take part in shooting competitions, cricket, football, athletic competi- tions and exercises. Theatres, sing songs, etc., etc., are kept up and entertainments provided for him; every encouragement is given him to enjoy himself in a healthy and recreative manner. Corps support Army Temperance Association and Good Templar Lodges which soldiers frequent in considerable numbers; most of these benefits to the

[iv]

soldier are the growth of recent years and they tend to make him fairly content with his lot so long as he remains a temperate and well-conducted man.

Unfortunately in Hongkong the Barracks are in the town and access to taverns is easy, therefore men who are easily tempted have unusual facilities for falling into vice. I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

N. P. O'GORMAN, Lt. Col.,

Chief Staff Officer.

(Minutes on Answers.)

This report is of no use to us unless Lieutenant-Colonel The O'GORMAN will tell us how many of the 951 cases of drunkenness during 1897 were accompanied by crimes of violence or were clearly the result of that inferior liquor which Commanding Officers speak of as driving men mad.

Taking his reply to Question 3 in connection with Surgeon-Colonel EVATT'S report I should say the serious cases were very few or none, but we ought to have as accurate information as possible.

10th May, 1898.

J. J. F.

This report contains the expression of an opinion that there exist in the Colony cheap Chinese liquors which have the effect of making men "mad" and "violent." This should be capable of verification or refutation.

10th May, 1898.

R. F. C.

I have seen Colonel THE O'GORMAN subsequent to his furnishing this report, and I asked him how many of these 951 cases of drunkenness were accompanied by crimes of violence, and he stated that he could not say that one was, adding further that in his experience of many stations Hongkong is one of the best for the private soldier.

W. C. H. H.

14th May, 1898.

Questions sent to G. Maclean, Esq., R.N., Deputy-Inspector General of Fleets and Hospitals, H. M. Naval Hospital, Hongkong; Surgeon-Colonel Evatt, P.M.O., Hongkong; Dr. Atkinson, P.C.M.O., Hongkong.

HONGKONG, 28th February, 1898.

SIR,--On behalf of the Commission which has been appointed to enquire into the sale, manufacture, and consumption of spirituous liquors in Hongkong, I have the honour to ask if you will kindly furnish information on the following points:---

1. The number of patients suffering from alcoholism admitted to hospital, or

coming under treatment during the year 1897.

2. Whether any of the cases showed symptoms of suffering from any intoxicant

other than alcohol; and, if so, from what intoxicant.

[v]

3. Whether you have any reason to think that the condition of any of the cases was due to the quality rather than to the quantity of the liquor consumed.

4. Have any instances of delirium tremens come under your notice which

considered to be the result of a brief period of intoxication?

you

The Commission will be further much obliged by your favouring them with any observations that may occur to you generally on the subject of the importation, sale, and consumption of alcoholic liquors which may assist them in their inquiry.

Your communications will be considered as confidential in any respect that you may consider necessary.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

F. BROWNE,

Secretary for the Commission.

From Surgeon-Colonel G. J. H. Evalt, M.D., Army Medical Staff. To the Secretary for the Commission to enquire into the sale, &c. of spirituous

liquors in Hongkong.

OFFICE OF PRINCIPAL MEDICAL OFFICER, H. M. FORCES,

CHINA AND HONGKONG, 8th March, 1898.

SIR, With reference to your letter of 28th ultimo, I have the honour to inform you that-

1. Nine cases of alcoholism were admitted to hospital during the year 1897.

2. None of these cases showed symptoms of suffering from any other in-

toxicant than alcohol.

3. The condition of the cases was apparently due to the quantity rather than

the quality of the liquor consumed.

4. There were no cases of delirium tremens which were considered to be the

result of a brief period of intoxication.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

G. J. H. EVatt, Surgeon-Colonel,

Principal Medical Officer, China and Hongkong.

No. 205

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 26th April, 1898.

SIR,-In reply to yours of the 28th February last, I have the honour to reply as follows to your several queries:-----

1. 67 cases with 2 deaths.

2. Cases have been admitted to the Government Civil Hospital during 1897

suffering from the following intoxicant in addition to alcohol:-

i. Datura.

ii. Indian Hemp.

[vi]

3. My opinion is that the condition of these patients has been chiefly due to the quantity and not the quality of the liquor they have consumed.

4. Yes.

With reference to the latter part of your letter it is impossible here to discuss generalities, and I think the better plan would be to call me before the Commission to give evidence.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

F. BRowNE, Esq.,

Secretary for the Commission.

J. M. ATKINSON, Principal Ciril Medical Officer.

R. N. HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 2nd March, 1898.

Sin,-In reply to your letter of the 28th ultimo, I beg to furnish the following replies to the questions propounded therein:-

1. 3 cases of patients suffering from alcoholism were treated in the Naval

Hospital in the

year 1897.

2. No other intoxicant than alcohol was specially indicated in these cases.

3. Reply in negative.

4. Reply in negative.

As will be observed from the foregoing replies my experience of alcoholism in patients in the Naval Hospital has been altogether too limited to justify me in expres- sing any confident opinion on the subject of the enquiry referred to in your letter; but I have heard from Medical Officers of ships in harbour that they have frequently to deal with cases among their ships' companies of men suffering from the effects of what thay have reason to believe to be deleterious, adulterated liquors supplied to them on shore; and I am informed that the cases of intoxication which occur in the Seamen's Club are invariably the result of inferior liquor supplied to the men from outside by native vendors. I need hardly add the expression of my personal opinion that a careful supervision of the importation, sale, and consumption of alcoholic liquors in the Colony is in the highest degree desirable in the interests of the health and well-being of the community.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

G. MACLEAN,

Dep. Insp. General, R.N.

The Secretary to the Commission on Alcoholic Liquors, &c.

Questions sent to V. A. Lawford, Esq., R.N., Secretary to Commodore.

Hongkong, March 4, 1898.

SIR, I am requested, on behalf of the Commission appointed to enquire into the importation, manufacture, and sale of alcoholic liqours in Hongkong to ask if you will

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[vii]

be so kind as to favour the Commissioners with information on the following points :-

1. The number of cases of drunkenness occurring in Hongkong from the Fleet, which were reported to you during 1897, also the number of men in the Fleet on this station during 1897.

2. To what extent does ordinary and excessive drunkenness, respectively,

affect the career of a sailor or marine? Quote instances.

3. From your experience do you consider that the amount of drunkenness in

the Fleet on this station is excessive? Do you think that the excess, if any, is due to the quality of the liquor rather than to the quantity consumed?

4. Have a considerable number of good conduct men become bad or indifferent

during their stay in Hongkong on account of alcoholism?

5. Is the Royal Naval Seamen's Club, Queen's Road East, under naval control?

(A.) Whence is the liquor obtained? (B.) How far is this Club suc- cessful in inducing the men to neglect the city drinking taverns or saloons ?

The Commissioners will be further much obliged if you will favour them with any remarks on the objects of their enquiry.

A copy of the Commission is enclosed herewith. Your communications will be considered as confidential in any respect that you may consider necessary.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

FRANK BROWNE,

Secretary for the Commission.

!

V. A. LAWFORD, Esq., R.N.,

Secretary to Commodore.

H.M.S. "TAMAR

AT HONGKONG,

12th April, 1898.

SIR,-In reply to your letter of 5th March, I have the honour to forward here- with the attached reports (5) from ships which were present at Hongkong on the date of your enquiry.

2. As such cases of drunkenness as ordinarily occur in a ship are not reported specifically to the Senior Officer (although shown in detail in the quarterly returns of punishment), it is not practicable to give a definite answer to your first question. The number of men in the Fleet on this station during 1897 averaged between 5,000 and 6,000.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

The Secretary to the Commission on Alcoholic Liquors,

Hongkong.

VINCENT A. Lawford,

Secretary to Commodore.

[viii]

H.M.S. "TAMAR," AT HONGKONG,

10th March, 1898.

Drunkenness in the Royal Navy.

SIR, I have the honour to submit the following answers to the questions in the letter from the Secretary of the Alcoholic Liquors Commission, dated 5th March, 1898, re drunkenness amongst meu of Her Majesty's Fleet at Hongkong:-

1. and 2. By scale of punishment laid down by the Admiralty a man ordinarily drunk may return to his leave and get off with a small punishment, whereas from excessive drinking he inost probably breaks his leave, and of course, gets a heavier punishment which affects his career and pension. 3. No; but on all stations there are places where vile liquor may be obtained, and the quality of the liquor will often knock over immediately men who are not accustomed to drink on board.

4. Not in this ship, but, being a stationary one, men get much more leave

and consequently make their money spread over a longer period.

5. Yes.

(a.) CALDBECK, MACGREGOR & Co., and MACEWEN, FRICKEL & Co. principally. The spirits supplied are the same as used in the Hongkong Club.

(b.) Considerably. The Club is open till 11.30 p.m. Amusements are provided with good and cheap liquor, consequently men have not the inducement to go to outside places.

I would suggest that, as at Malta, all public houses should be under police super- vision by periodical taking of samples of the liquor sold, and, if found bad or adulterated, that house be put out of bounds.

I have the honour to be.

Sir,

Commodore

SWINTON C. HOLLAND, A.D.C.,

&e..

fc.,

&e.

Your obedient Servant,

W. H. F. TAYLOR,

Commander.

H.M.S. "IMMORTALITÉ," HONGKONG, 13th March, 1898.

Drunkenness amongst the men of the Royal Navy, Hongkong.

SIR,-I have the honour to submit the following remarks called for by you relative to drunkenness amongst men of the Royal Navy at Hongkong.

1. Not known.

2. The usual punishments for drunkenness naturally affect the career of seamen or marines. I have often noticed that drunkenness leads to the very serious crime of smuggling liquor into the ship.

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[ix]

3. No, except at Japanese ports where the vile and poisonous liquor sold to the men capsizes them at once.

4. No.

5. Yes.

(a.) Not known but believed to be good.

(b.) Very successful.

Commodore

SWINTON C. HOLLAND, A.D.C.,

Hongkong.

I have the honour to be.

Sir,

Your obedient Servant.

E. CHICHESTER.

Captain.

H.M.S. CENTURION" AT HONGKONG.

16th March, 1898.

Drunkenness amongst the Ship's Company.

SIR,-With reference to the information required by the Commission appointed to enquire into the sale of alcoholic liquors at Hongkong, I have the honour to report as follows:-

Par. 1. Number of cases of returning from leave drunk, 9; of leave breaking (probably due to drunkenness) 48. The ship's company numbers 700 ; these cases occurred in a period of about two months.

Par. 2. Drunkenness and leave breaking affect a man's career in the service to

a serious extent. For instance:-

5th May. Two men of very good character awarded cells for leave

breaking offences.

7th May. Two men deprived of Good Conduct Badges for leave

breaking offences.

Par. 3. From my own experience which is short and from what I have been told, I do not consider that the drunkeneess at Hongkong is so bad as at some of the Japanese ports, and the liquor is decidedly better at most of the grog shops; at some few, however, it is of inferior quality.

Par. 4. No, the cases have not been numerous amongst the ship's company

of the "Centurion,”

As stated in par. 3, the liquor generally is of pretty good quality; but, no doubt, the cases of drunkenness would be lessened if it could be ensured that no inferior qualities be sold.

Commodore

SWINTON C. HOLLAND, A.D.C.,

Hongkong.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

J. E. JELLICOE,

Captain.

[ x ]

H.M.S. "PEACOCK ' AT HONGKONG,

22nd March, 1898.

H.M.S." Peacock." Drunkenness amongst men, at Hongkong.

SIR,-With reference to your memo. of 5th instant, I beg to report that no cases of drunkenness have occurred amongst the men of this ship whilst at Hongkong.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

THE COMMODORE.

Minute by the Commodore.

PERCY S. ST. JOHN,

Lieutenant and Commander.

Returned to "Peacock."

Attention is drawn to the directions that "each paragraph is to be taken sepa- rately."

31st March, 1898.

SWINTON C. HOLLAND,

Commodore.

Minute by the Lieutenant and Commander, II.M.S." Peacock."

THE COMMODORE,

1. Not known.

2. Excessive drunkenness prevents a man's advancement and ruins his career in the Navy, subsequently materially affecting the amount of his pension.

3. I consider the amount of drunkenness on the station excessive compared with other stations on which I have served.

4. Not on board "Peacock.”

5. Yes.

A. Not known.

B. From all accounts, most successful.

í.

H.M.S. PEACOCK,"

5th April, 1898.

PERCY S. ST. JOHN,

Lieutenant and Commander.

[xi]

H.M.S. "ARCHER," HOOW, Homow, 27th March. 1898....

The Alcoholic Liquors Commission.

SIR,-In compliance with your letter dated 5th March, 1898, I have the honour to forward the attached remarks.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

Commodore

S. C. HOLLAND, A.D.C.,

Hongkong.

CH. E. KINGSMILL,

Commander.

The Alcoholic Liquors Commission.

1. I am unable to answer these questions as Archer's returns for 1897 have gone home, ship having paid off on December 31st, 1897.

2. Ruins his career. I have no instance to quote for same reasons as question (1), 3. (a) No; (b) In most cases, not only in Hongkong, but more especially in out- ports, where Chinese have control of retailing liquor on their lands, due to quality of liquor.

4. Not in Archer.

5. Yes.

(a) Unable to state.

(4) Most decidedly does the Naval Club induce the men to neglect the city taverns and saloons. I have always found that the men I have had to punish for drunkenness stated that the bad liquor they drank in the neighbourhood of the brothels was their excuse for their offences.

CH. E. KINGSMILL,

Commander.

HONGKONG, March 5, 1898.

Messrs. JARDINE, MATHESON & Co.,

General Managers,

CHINA SUGAR REFINERY.

GENTLEMEN,-1 have the honour by direction of the Commission now enquiring into the manufacture, importation and sale of alcoholic liquors in Hongkong, to invite you to furnish the Commission' with full and definite answers to the following ques-

tions

1. What was the total quantity of Rum distilled by you, in the Colony, during

1897 ?

:

[ xii]

2. What was the total quantity of Rum sold by you during 1897–(A) to firms and persons in the Colony; (B) to firms and persons outside the Colony ?

[A letter was sent later asking for names of firms and persons and

quantities supplied to each in answers to A and B.--Secretary.]

3. What was the total quantity of rectified spirit of wine distilled by you during

1897 in the Colony?

4. Specify the various materials used by you during 1897, in the Colony, in the

manufacture of rectified spirit of wine and the approximate quantity of each such material.

5. Do you manufacture rectified spirit of wine of more than one alcoholic strength? If so, specify the different strengths so made and sold, giving the total quantity of each kind.

6. How was the rectified spirit of wine you manufactured during 1897 disposed of, i.e., was it all sold—(A) as spirit of wine; (B) or was some of it sold in other forms; (C) and if so, in what forms; (D) giving the total quan- tity of each such form sold; (E) and a list of the firms and persons to whom it was sold?

Give a list of the firms and persons in the Colony to whom you sold rectified spirit of wine during 1897 and the approximate quantity so sold to each.

Give a list of the firms and persons outside the Colony to whom you sold rectified spirit during 1897 and the approximate quantity so sold to each.

Your communications will be considered as confidential in any respect that you may consider necessary.

I have the honour to be,

Gentlemen,

Your obedient Servant,

FRANK BROWNE, Secretary for the Commission,

[The replies to this letter were to be treated as confidential.—Secretary.]

Questions sent to Chinese holders of Distillery Licences.

The Commissioners appointed to enquire into the importation, manufacture and sale of Alcoholic Liquors in Hongkong will be glad to receive as complete answers as possible to the questions given below. All communications will be regarded by the Commissioners as confidential. Please send in your answers as soon as possible.

FRANK BROWNE, Secretary for the Commission.-

Hongkong, May 23, 1898.

1. Give a complete list of the various kinds of spirits which you distil and manu- facture.

2. Give a complete list of the various substances which you use in the distillation and manufacture of alcoholic liquors.

3. Give the quantity of each kind of alcoholic liquor which you distilled and manufactured during 1897.

[xiii ]

4. Give the quantity of each kind of alcoholic liquor which you sold during 1897——

(a) To firms and persons in the Colony.

(6) To firms and persons outside the Colony.

5. Do you import alcoholic liquors from places in China, and if so, give a list of those so imported by you and the quantity of each kind imported during 1897.

6. Give a list from your books of the firms and persons in the Colony whom you have supplied with alcoholic liquors, giving the kind of liquor, also the quantity, supplied to each.

[The replies to this letter were to be treated as confidential- Secretary.]

The Chinese translation of the Questions sent to Chinese holders of Distillery

Licences.

委查香港酒業委員經歷鮑 號東主

知悉照得現奉

明切切特諗 本委員所自知而秘密者决不宣示於外爾等毋庸見疑務須早日覆 須按下開所問各款逐一詳細覆明繕列一單爲要至於所覆各欸係 督憲札委查察本港發售各式烈酒無論自然自製或販或運各酒均

一千八百九十八年

計開

一凡蒸製各式酒均須詳細清列一單

某人逐一詳明列淸 來各式烈酒若干詳細淸列一單 至若運來之酒賣與何處某店 五.中國內地會有烈酒運來否如有則須於一千八百九十七年內運

賬部抄出 四凡一千八百九十七年內所發售各烈酒若干詳細淸列一單 卽賣與本港某店某人若干 并賣與港外某店某人若干 均照 三凡一千八百九十七年內所蒸製各烈酒每欸若干詳細清列一單 二凡蒸製各式酒所用各物料詳細淸列一單

!

!

[ xiv]

Appendix 3.-LIST OF APPLICANTS FOR SPIRIT LICENCES FOR THE YEAR COMMENCING

No.

Name of Applicant.

Whether before Licensed.

Description

of Licence.

Sign of House.

Situation of House.

1

JOACHIM GOMES,

Yes.

Publican's licence.

The Man at the Wheel.

No. 306, Queen's Road

Central.

2

I. P. MADAR,

New Victoria Hotel.

27

No. 9, Queen's Road

Central.

3

G. J. CASANOVA,

L. M. LOBO,

5

A. R. Hock Goon,

Vide page following application No. 21

وو

""

The Peak Hotel.

The Kowloon Hotel.

No.

The Grand Hotel.

""

6

J. A. DREWES,

Yes.

Praya East Hotel.

22

+7

M. STERNBERG,

8

J. SILBERMAN,

J

9

G. NEUBRUNN,

10

C. A. STUHLMANN,

19

Rural Building Lot. No.

77, the Peak.

Elgin Road, Kowloon.

Nos. 240, 242 and 244, Queen's Road Central.

Nos. 38 and 39, Praya

East.

The Colonial Hotel.

No. 1, Jubilee Street.

The Globe Hotel.

No. 184, Queen's Road

Central.

The Land we live in Hotel. | Nos. 332 & 334, Queen's

Road Central.

The Travellers' Hotel.

Nos. 12 and 13, Queen

Victoria Street.

11

WM. KRATER,

Rose Shamrock & Thistle. | No. 90, Queen's Road

22

Central.

The Criterion Hotel.

12

FRED. MELHUISII,

"

Jy

Nos. 21 and 23, Pottinger

Street.

13

F. J. F. BEDFORD,

The Western Hotel.

>>

>>

14

HANS JERTRUM,

The German Tavern.

22

Nos. 90 and 92 Queen's

Road West.

No. 268, Queen's Road Central and also three upper floors of No. 266, Queen's Road Central.

:

[

[ xv ]

1ST DECEMBER, 1897, AND ENDING 30TH NOVEMBER, 1898.

Names and Additions of

Proposed Sureties.

in each Case.

Previous History

Remarks in each Case.

Report of Captain Superintendent of Police.

1. P. Vass. 2. Lam Kiu.

Has held a licence

I. House well conducted.

No objection.

for about 29 years.

II. Character of applicant good.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

1. Dorabjee Nowrojee. 2. Paul Jordan.

Has held a licence for about 9 years.

I. House well conducted and cha- No objection.

racter of applicant good.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

1. A. Findlay Smith. 2. J. Maclehose.

Has held a licence

for about 2 months.

I. Hotel satisfactorily conducted. II. No objection to renewal.

No objection.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

1. Dorabjee Nowrojee. 2. I. P. Madar.

Has held a licence for about 6 years.

F. H. MAY,

1. Loong Kee.

2. A. E. Allemão.

I. House well conducted. II. Character of applicant good.

Has never held a li- | I. Proprietor of house was fined

cence before.

1. J. R. Capell. 2. R. Houghton.

Has held a licence for about 1 years.

1. Carlowitz & Co. 2. Lam Wing.

Has held a licence for about 2 years.

1. Carlowitz & Co. 2. Paul Brewitt.

Has held a licence for about 4 years.

1. Carlowitz & Co. 2. Paul Brewitt.

1. Hung Mak Hoi. 2. Harling, Buchmann

& Menzell.

1. D. R. Crawford. 2. J. R. Capell.

$50 on 28.7.97 for selling adul- terated whiskey. The wife now applies for the licence but she has managed the business all along.

II. Two barmaids in the house live next door and they have been seen taking sailors &c. in with them.

III. Character, bad.

No objection.

9.11.97.

I object to this application on account of the disrepu- table character of the ap- plicant.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

9.11.97.

I. Police have found the Hotel No objection.

satisfactorily conducted but complaints have been made by the Military Authorities about it. They (the Police) have no objection to renewal.

I. Proprietor fined $50 ou 27.7.97 for allowing disorderly conduct on his premises.

II. Applicant's character is bad.

F. H. MAY,

I object on the ground of the bad character of ap- plicant.

9.11.97.

I. Proprietor cautioned 16.7.97 No objection.

by Magistrate for selling adul- terated whiskey.

Has held a licence | I. House well conducted.

for about 2 years. II. Character of applicant good.

F. H. MAY,

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

No objection.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

Has held a licence I. House well conducted but hus- No objection.

for about 1 month.

Has held a licence

band and wife quarrel with each other.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

for about 3 years.

I. House well conducted. II. Character of applicant good.

No objection.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

1. Carlowitz & Co. 2. Lam Wing.

Has held a licence for about 2 years.

I. House well conducted and cha-Object to adjunct license.

racter of applicant good. A publican's licence desirable.

Should apply for Publican's license.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

1. Carlowitz & Co.

2. Lam Wing.

1. G. Harling.

2. E. Girault.

Has held a licence | I. No complaints against the con- No objection.

for about 1 year.

duct of house. II. Applicant's character good.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

No objection.

for about 3 months. II. Character of applicant good.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

Has held a licence I. House well conducted.

Minutes made

at the Session of Justices.

.

[ xvi ]

LIST OF APPLICANTS FOR SPIRIT LICENCES FOR THE YEAR COMMENCING

No.

Name of Applicant.

Whether before Licensed.

Description of Licence.

Sign of Honse.

Situation of House.

15

J. W. OSBOrne,

Yes.

Publican's licence.

Bay View Hotel.

Shaukiwan Road.

16

J. C. GOODCHILD,

11

Thomas' Grill Room.

No. 2, Queen's Road

Central.

17

P. BоHм,

18

CAWASJEE BYRAMJEE,

19

A. D. Death,

The Windsor Hotel.

*

>>

No.

"

The Hung Hom Hotel.

Hongkong Hotel.

20

Moosa MAHOMED,

Yes.

Stag Hotel.

,,

No. 13, Queen's Road

Central.

No. 30, Bulkeley Street,

Hung Hom.

Nos. 21, 23, 25 and 31, Queen's Road Central, and Nos. 1 & 3, Peddar's Street.

Nos. 148 & 150, Queen's

Road Central.

21

P. HARDMAN,

No.

17

+

22

22

HOCK GOON, .

Yes.

Sailors' Home.

Praya West.

The Grand Hotel.

Nos. 240, 242 and 244,

Queen's Road Central.

The Colonial Hotel.

No. 1, Jubilee Street.

23

J. H. DONNENBERG,.

""

;

...

[ xvii]

1ST DECEMBER, 1897, AND ENDING 30TH NOVEMBER, 1898,-- Continued.

Names and Additions of Proposed Sureties.

Previous History in each Case.

Remarks in each Case.

Report of Captain Superintendent of Police.

Minutes made

at the Session of Justices.

1. E. Girault. 2. L. Martel.

Has held a licence for about 7 years.

1. House well conducted. II. Character of applicant good.

No objection.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

1. Yeung Nai On. 2. Ng Pak To.

Has held a licence I. Nothing against this house.

for about 1 month.

No objection.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

1. E. Girault. 2. T. Rosselet.

Has held a licence

for about 3 years.

I. House well conducted. II. Character of applicant good.

No objection.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

1. Rustomjee Sorabjee. 2. Rustomjee Rutton-

jee.

Has held a licence

for about 1 year.

I. Hotel well conducted, II. Applicant's character good.

No objection.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

1. R. C. Wilcox.

2. W. Powell.

Has never held a I. Hotel well conducted. licence before. II. No Police objection.

No objection.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

All applicatious

granted except No. 5 (Grand Hotel) which is refused. H. E. WODEHOUSE,

1. Poon King.

2. Choi Chik Nam.

1. A. Moir.

2. G. P. Guterres.

1. Loong Ki.

Has held a licence for about 1 year.

I. House well conducted. II. No Police objection.

No objection.

F. H. MAY,

9.11.97.

Has never held a I. Is the only licensed house in the No objection.

licence before.

2. Lui Kwan Shan.

Has held a licence

for about 12 years.

Western District. The house has been well conducted and bar only opened for a few hours daily.

II. Applicant is Supt., and of

good character.

9.11.97.

F. H. MAY,

I. Proprietor was fined $50 on 28.7.97 for selling adul- terated whiskey.

II. The proprietor has rented

for the past 17 months and still rents the 2nd floor of No. 238, Queen's Road Central adjoining the li- censed premises. The said floor has been during such period occupied by two barmaids employed by the proprietor in the licensed premises, and has been used by themselves as a com- mon brothel.

III. I oppose the issue of a licence on account of the above facts and of the dis- reputable character of the applicant.

F. H. MAY,

Application refused, H. E. WODEHOUSE, Police Magistrate.

1. O. Kuhn. 2. J. P. Cottam.

Has held a licence

for 5 years.

26.11.97.

No objection.

F. H. MAY,

7.12.97.

PRESENT:

Chairman -H. E. WODEHOUSE, C.M.G.

DR. F. W. CLARK,

A. FINDLAY SMITH, W. M. B. ARTHUR.

7th December, 1897.

Application granted. H. E. WODEHOUSE,

Magistrate.

[ xviii]

LIST OF APPLICANTS FOR SPIRIT LICENCES FOR THE YEAR COMMENCING

No.

Name of Applicant.

Whether before Licensed.

Description

of Licence.

Sign of House.

Situation of House.

24 JULES MARCESSE,

25

G. H. SCHWALM,

No.

Publican's licence.

The Travellers' Hotel.

Nos. 12 and 13, Queen

Victoria Street.

35

The Central Hotel.

Nos. 240, 242 and 244, Queen's Road Central.

:

[ xix]

1ST DECEMBER, 1897, AND ENDING 30TH NOVEMBER, 1889,—Continued.

Names and Additions of

Previous History

Proposed Sureties.

in each Case.

Remarks in each Case.

Report of Captain Superintendent of Police.

Minutes made at the Session of Justices.

:

1. E. Girault. 2. L. Martel.

Has never held a li-

cence before.

1. Lui Kwan Shan. 2. Lung Kee.

Has never held a li-

cence before.

PRESENT:

Applicant was convicted in 1895 for selling liquor without a licence and fined $100. A large amount of liquor was seized. Case: No. 13664/95. Previous to that he was long suspected of illicitly dis- tilling malt liquors.

I object to the issue of a li- . cence to applicant on the ground that he is not a fit and proper person to hold

one.

F. H. MAY, Capt. Supt. of Police.

20.12.97.

Hon. H. E. WODEHOUSE, C.M.G., Chairman. W. M. B. ARTHUR, J.P.

Application refused. H. E. WODEHOUSE,

Magistrate.

of Mr. MASTER for the

applicant.

Applicant is a man

straw and merely a blind put forward by Hock Goon and his wife. An agreement has been entered into by these parties to the effect that Mr. Hock Goon disposes of his interest for $6,000. $200 of this amount to be paid as soon as licence is granted and Mr. and Mrs. Hock Goon to re- main in the Hotel until the balance $5,800 is paid up. The smallness of the amount

to be paid over at once shows that the sale is not a bona fide one and that Hock Goon and his wife would remain per- manently on the premises and carry on the business which would be objec- tionable.

28.12.97.

F. A. HOWE,

for C.S.P.

PRESENT: H. E. WODEHOUSE, C.M.G., Chairman,

G. M. BAIN,

H. WICKING,

Dr. HARTIGAN,

Revd. COBBOLD,

W. M. B. ARTHUR.

Consideration of ap- plication adjourned till Friday, 7th Ja-

nuary.

H. E. WODEHOUSE, Police Magistrate.

Application refused. H. E. WODEHOUSE, Police Magistrate.

No.

[xx]

Appendix 4.

1897.

WHOLESALE SPIRIT LICENCES.

Name.

I-Dodwell, Carlill & Co.........

2-Reuter, Bröckelmann & Co........

3-W. Hutton Potts......

4-Shewan, Tomes & Co.......

5-William Shewan

6-Scheele & Co.

7-G. C. Anderson

8-L. A. J. Pereira

9-Melchers & Co.......

10-Siemssen & Co........

11-Stolterfoht & Hagan 12-Wieler & Co........

13-Harling, Buchmann & Menzell

14-J. J. dos Remedios & Co.

15-Carlowitz & Co.

16-Lauts, Wegener & Co......... 17-Arnhold, Karberg & Co.

18-China Export Import & Bank Co............................

19-Douglas, Lapraik & Co.

20-U. Nervegna & Co.

21-Seattle Brewing & Malting Co.

22-F. B. S. Jacob

8, Praya Central.

Address.

1, Ice House Road.

17, Queen's Road Central.

9, Praya Central.

26, Praya Central.

20, Stanley Street.

13, Praya Central.

18, Shelly Street.

10, Praya Central. 2, Praya Central.

13, Praya Central.

4, Praya Central.

3, Queen's Road Central.

47, Wyndham Street.

8, Ice House Road.

16, Praya Central.

8, Praya Central.

10, Praya Central.

33, Praya Central.

31, Wyndham Street.

1, Ice House Road.

10 & 12, Duddell Street.

1897.

GROCER'S SPIRIT LICENCES.

No.

Name.

Address.

1-Cheung-hok-lam

.114, Queen's Road Central.

2--Cottam & Co.........

3, Pedder's Street.

3--Mrs. Hoy-Tei

4-H. Price & Co.

5--B. A. P. Campos

6--U-hoi-chau....

7-H. Ruttonjee

8--Kok-sing-wo

9–Chung-hoi

10--Untsung-Cheong

11-Chung-Ching-wu

12––R. N. Jeejeebhoy 13––Chung Shau pang 14--P. C. Patell & Co.....

15--Wong-hi-tsenug 16--Wong-uing

17-Lam-tak-yau

18--Cheung-yut-sing

19-Radecker & Co...................... 20—Lai-lui-hing

21-Lo-I

22-MacEwen, Frickel & Co.........

23--Heuermann, Herbst & Co.

24--U-yik-wo

25-Pang-tsung-yui

16, D'Aguilar Street.

12, Queen's Road Central.

5, Fletcher Street.

..138 & 140, Queen's Road Central.

21 & 22, Elgin Road, Kowloon.

29, Praya Central.

52, Queen's Road East.

10, Queen's Road East.

73, Praya Central. 19c, Hollywood Road. 29, Stanley Street. 40, Lyndhurst Terrace. 75, Queen's Road East. 24, Queen's Road East. ..272, Queen's Road Central.

24, Lyndhurst Terrace.

1, Wyndham Street.

97 & 99, Queen's Road Central.

13, China Street.

7, Duddell Street.

14, Queen's Road Central.

15, Lyndhurst Terrace.

29, Hinglung Street.

:

No.

[xxi]

GROCER'S SPIRIT LICENCES,—Continued.

Name.

26--Lane, Crawford & Co.

27--Chau-pong.

28-Tang-Ku & Co

29--H. Ruttonjee.

30--Watkins & Co.

31-Li-Ku-Cheong

32--A. S. Watson & Co. .

33--G. Girault

34-Li-Ku-Cheung

35--Yeung-chiu-leung

36-Kruse & Co.

37--F. Blackhead & Co.

38-Robert Jack & Co.

39-W. G. Humphreys & Co........................

40-Fletcher & Co.

41-To Sui-ting

42--Carmichael & Co., Ltd..........

43--Chan Keng

44--L. M. Alvares & Co........

45-Sum Chu On ............

46--I. C. L. Rouch

47-Caldbeck, MacGregor & Co.....

Address.

33, Queen's Road Central.

80, Praya Central.

31, 32 & 33, Praya Central.

13, D'Aguilar Street. .The "Apothecaries Hall.” .110, Queen's Road Central. .The "Hongkong Dispensary."

6, Queen's Road Ceutral. 108, Queen's Road Central. .... 68, Praya Central.

The Connaught House.

10, Praya Central.

5 & 7, Pottinger Street. 14, Queen's Road Central.

23, Queen's Road Central.

.124, Queen's Road Central.

18, Praya Central.

16, Victoria Street.

1st Telegraph House, Queen's Road.

46, Stanley Strect.

..186, Queen's Road East.

15, Queen's Road Central.

1897.

DISTILLERY LICENCES.

No.

Name.

i-Leung Tun-po

2--Au-Kau

3--Tsui-tung-li

4--Wong-yung

ễ-Lai-hoi

6--Ma-un-tat

7--William Taylor.

8-Lo-chu-king and others....

9--H. N. Cooper.......

Address.

Tiu Uen Sauce Factory, Yaunati.

71, Hok-un in Tokwawan.

.Lot No. 1358, Tung-lo-wan.

1, Shaukiwan.

54, Shaukiwan.

26, Belcher's Street, Kennedy Town ou

Inland Lot 239.

.China Sugar Refining Co., Ltd.

2, Shaukiwan.

Kowloon Lot No. 44.

1897.

EATING-HOUSE LICENCES.

Name.

No.

1-Mak-To

2--Rosa Glasse

3-Ernst Ladewig

4-M. Papier

5--Cheung-hing & Cheung-kwong 6-Mariana Fernandez

7--Unoske Nishikawa

S--Gora Nomura 9--Wong-kwan 10--Mrs. L. F. Scott 11-Tang Kwai 12--Kuwabara Choske...

13--Sit-wing-ip 14-Cheung-kwong 15--Long Shing 16-Li Tsun Wo

Address.

.189, Queen's Road Central, First floor.

22, Cochrane Street.

12, Graham Street.

64, Stanley Street.

.203, Queen's Road Central. .311, Queen's Road Central,

90, Wellington Street, Ground floor.

44, Stanley Street, First floor.

132, Queen's Road Central.

5, Arsenal Street, Ground floor.

139, Queen's Road East.

122, Wellington Street.

2, Possession Street.

..205, Queen's Road Central.

199, Hollywood Road.

......................257, Queen's Road Central, First floor.

[xxii]

Appendix 5.

No.

1-Chan Hiu

CHINESE SPIRIT LICENCES FOR 1897.

Name.

2-Au Yung Shin, and Au Yung Wo......

3-Lam Im Lap

4-Wong Hing

5-Leung Man Cham.........

6—Au Kwong

7-Tso Tsun Li, and Tso Kwong Shu

8-Tso Shin Ip

9--Au Shang

10-Lo Chi Tong.....

11-Heung Yik Un.........

12-Leung Tsan transferred to Tong Tai Tsun ...

13-Li Ut..................

14-Kwok Pun......

15-Chan Pan

16--Lau Man, Au Shing..

17-Chan Wan Tai .....

18-Tsu Wa, Tsu Wing

19--Ching Tai Yan

20––Chin Chung

21-Wong Ut Hin.....

22--Leung Ng Fuk .....

23--Lai Yau.........

24-Chan Shiu.

25-Li Man Leung, and Su Shun Fong..............

26-Ching Tai

27-Wong Ng

28--Ng Hoi

29-Wong Un Kit

30-Wong Tak..........

31-Tsang-loi Chiu, and Wan In Ling

32-Lo Tsan, Li Ling

33–Lai Hoi

34-Man Yuk

35-Lin Shing

36-Lau Kam Shing .....

37-Chong Wing Kwong

38-Ho Tseung,

39-Lo Yuk

40-Au Yeung Kwong, and Au Yeung Tsun ....

41-Chan Shing

42-Ho Tso, Li Kan Kan

43-Au Chung, Au Kong and Au Shun

44-Chan Ip Kan.......

45-Chin Chun, and Lai Long

46-Un Tang Kun

47-Li Lau Chi

48-Chan Shi ................

49-Pun Fai.......

50-Chan Tsiun

51-Chan Yeuk Chun...

Address.

32, Jardine's Bazaar.

57 & 58, Praya Central.

62, Station Street, Yaumati.

88, Praya Central. .211, Hollywood Road,

.145, Queen's Road Central.

7, Morrison Street. 8c, East Street.

21, Upper Lascar Row.

...258, Hollywood Road.

13, Quarry Bay.

1, Wing Fung Street.

96, Station Street, Yaumati.

17, Praya, Yaumati.

58, Staunton Street.

.196, Hollywood Road.

.175, Hollywood Road.

224, Queen's Road West.

24, Jardine's Bazaar.

17, Mercer Street.

68,

Taikoktsui.

.234, Queen's Road West.

.13 & 15, Possession Street.

38, High Street.

....369, Queen's Road Central.

61, Third Street.

30, Ship Street.

89, Wanchai Road.

165, Queen's Road West.

42, Staunton Street.

5, Taikok tsui.

..325, Queen's Road Central.

56, Shaukiwan.

........176a, Praya West.

...278, Queen's Road West.

..514, Queen's Road West.

14, Second Street.

30, Centre Street.

..223, Queen's Road Central.

.......187, Hollywood Road.

9, Victoria Street. Removed to 109, Market

Street, Hung Hom.

50, Hollywood Road.

51, Praya Central.

38, Station Street, Yaumati.

99, Market Street, Hung Hom.

30, Cross Street.

36, Praya East,

28, Praya Central.

3, Taipingshan Street.

78, Third Street.

62, Queen's Road East.

#

[ xxiii]

CHINESE SPIRIT LICENCES,—Continued.

No.

Nume.

52-Wong Chik ·

53-U Ping Nam......................

aiLin Kim

55-Au Yeung Un

56-Au Yeung Hing

57-Tso Pui

58-Tso Pui .............

59-Chan Sing Sam.......

60-She Cheuk Lam, and Sam Cheuk Kwan ....

61-Lan Kwan Shan,

62-Chan Ping.....

63-U Ping Nam

64-Ching Wing Him, and Ching Wing Tun

65—Lau Kwong

66-Chu Tsun

G7-Wong Tang

68-Chung Un Fu

69–Wongsuitong

70-Ip Tam

71-Chan Hontung

72-Lam Yik, Lam Wai......

73-Li Chun U.

Address.

.129, Station Street, Yaumati.

..226, Queen's Road West.

1, Dock Street, Hung Hom,

28, West Street.

84, Staunton Street.

.105, Shaukiwan.

98, Shaukiwan.

61, Praya West.

137, Queen's Road Central.

20, Possession Street.

85, Wing Lok Street. ..251, Queen's Road West.

43, Aberdeen Street. 28, D'Aguilar Street. 104 & 106, Winglok Street.

38, Praya Central.

32, Shaukiwan.

28, Gough Street.

64, Jardine's Bazaar.

Removed to 20, Recla-

mation Street, Yaumati.

24, Praya, Yaumati.

.219, Praya West.

21, First Street.

74-Chan Lai

75-Wong Hong

76-Leung Shang

77––Tang Tsun

78-Wong I Shing

79-Li Kan, Au Hing and Leung Hap

80-Kwok Yuk Wa........

81-Wong Chik Wing..... 82-Yung Fuk

83-Chu Chik

84-Wong Yung Kwai ......

85-Wong Sui

86-Li Fo..................

87-Tse Shun Shiu.

88--Wong Shing

89-Leung Kun 90-Lam Cheung 91-Chiu Shing ..

92-Lo Yeung 93-To Tat Ting.. 94--Au Luk

95-Li Shap 96-Leung Shing Lai

97-Ng King 98-Chan Leung 99-Chau Cheung Nam 100-Leung Chin........ 101-Tam Shing

102-Chan Pok Wan.....

103-U Hung.......

26, Third Street.

.299, Queen's Road Central.

.131, Praya West.

84, Hollywood Road. .156, Queen's Road East.

25, Praya Central.

25, Square Street.

84, Praya Central.

42, Lyndhurst Street.

42 & 44, Wing Lok Street.

32, Praya, Yaumati. Removed to 74, Recla-

mation Street, Yaumati.

.536, Queen's Road Central.

73, Market Street, Hung Hom.

19, Praya Central.

46, Second Street.

..121, Queen's Road West.

51, Stanley Street.

17, Bonham Strand.

75, Tokwawan.

44, Aberdeen Street.

..365, Queen's Road Central.

33, Staunton Street.

18, Praya East.

.116, Aplichau.

.131, Queen's Road Central.

85, Aplichau.

.247, Queen's Road East. .183, Queen's Road West.

.....213, Hollywood Road.

27, Centre Street.

}

[ xxiv]

No.

104-U Hung.....

105--Au Shun Pong.

106-Tsu Yan and U Lai..

107--Ng Tat Chi

108-Leung Chiu 109---Chan Châu....

110-Chan In.............

111-Chan Pak I.

112-Chin Wing

113-Au Yun...

114-Tong Wing

115-Lai Kin

116--Lok Tsung..

117-Wong Yik..

118--Chung Ying

CHINESE SPIRIT LICENCES,—Continued.

Name.

Address.

48, Second Street. Removed to 183, Praya

West.

.163, Hollywood Road. Removed to 169,

Hollywood Road.

16, Cross Street.

12, Aberdeen Street.

34, Praya Central. ..208, Hollywood Road. 52, Jardine's Bazaar. 52, Connaught Road. .127, Jervois Street.

17, Cross Street.

...245, Queen's Road East.

71, Aplichau.

14, St. Francis Street.

100, First Street.

1, Upper Rutter Street.

119-Cheung Yuktong transferred to Cheung Ka Ching......304, Queen's Road West (removed to 104).

120-Tsun Sui Pui

121-Lam Sui......

122-Chan Tin

123-Li Tat Shan

124-Lam Shun Chak

125-Leung Tong 126-Chong In Kai 127-U Fuk

128-Chan Wai Nam......

129–Ng Tsz Chung

130-Li Sui

131-Mok Kin Wai. 132-Ng Kin Nam

133-Sit Hung Cheung..

134-Chan Lok 135-Wong Wing

136-Au Yeung Wo.. 137-Sham Fongtsun... 138-Wong King ........ 139-Tang Tat 140-Ng Chak Fong

141-Ho Tai Pong............... 142––Mai Chung

148-Chan Pau In ......

144-Chin Lai

145-Ying Shing

146-Yung Shan

147-An Yeung Shing 148-Tsang Cheung Shi 149-Wong I Man.... 150-Ching In

151—Au Yun.................. 152–Cheung Shiu Kwong 153-Cheong Lai Tsün ....

154-Wong San

155-Chan Lai Toug........

5, Jubilee Street.

29, Bonham Strand.

32b, Third Street.

...227, Queen's Road Central.

...412, Queen's Road West.

9, Jubilee Street.

43, Centre Street.

..135, Market Street, Hung Hom.

189, Hollywood Road.

..340, Queen's Road West."

.222, Hollywood Road.

30, Tung Man Lane.

88, Aplichau.

50, Gage Street.

82, Reclamation Ground, Yaumati.

28, Wellington Street.

Praya West.

40, Praya Central. 83, Shaukiwan.

42, Praya Central.

40, Wanchai Road.

5, Cross Street.

Removed to 153,

84, Reclamation Street, Yaumati.

.345, Queen's Road Central.

74, Station Street, Yaumati.

...115, Praya Central.

63, Praya Central.

21, Hollywood Road,

74, Lower Lascar Row.

50, Shaukiwan,

..148, Station Street, Yaumati. ...252, Queen's Road West.

60, Bridges Street. 69, Station Street.

72, Station Street.

.133, Bonham Strand.

169, Queen's Road West.

:

No.

156-Wong Fuk.. 157-Chan Kwong.

158-Mui Yat.......

159-Wong Kwai

159-Wong Kwai

160-Ü Cheung

[ xxv ]

CHINESE SPIRIT LICENCES,—Continued.

Name.

161-Tam Tsz aud Li Ying....

162-Sham Ching

163-Li Wing Chong and Chan Cheuk Im ... 164-Tsun Sham

165--Chan Fuk, Lo Iu, Tang Wai and Lo Shai

166-Wong Ü.....

167-Ho Shing

168-Luk Un and Lung Shan ...

!

169-Siu Tz

170-Mak Kwai Cheung

171-Lo Tsin Kiu

172-Lo Ü.....................

173-Li Fat

174-Li Wai

175-Su Ling..

176-Chan Ying.. 177-Toug Chin.................

178-Li Seung Hoi 179-Lo Shang 180-Li Fo ....................

181-Mak Shin Tong

19, Battery Street.

Address.

33 & 35, Mosque Street.

9 & 11, Cochrane Street.

1, Mongkoktsui.

3, Taikoktsui, owner of Lot 691.

35, Stanley Street.

51, Wellington Street.

... 75, Queen's Road West.

96, Shankiwan.

42, Queen's Road East.

..178, Taikoktsui.

.....

15, Des Voeux Road.

1, Fletcher Street.

100, Reclamation Street, Yaumati.

27, Nullah Lane.

..280, Queen's Road West.

...176, Praya West.

15, Cochrane Street.

52, Gage Street.

.117, Shaukiwan.

5, Graham Street.

47, Praya Central.

32, Hollywood Road.

38, Gough Street.

78, Reclamation Street, Yaumati.

35, Centre Street.

182-Su Tat

2, Graham Street.

183-Ü Yan

184-Wong Wan

185-Tsang Sik Ming 186-Chin Li

187-Cheung Lit

188–Tong Lan

189-Sham Hang Tong.......

190-Cheng I Kan and Wong Ut Ting ... 191-Ho Nang

192-Fung Tung Ping

193-Ho Fung Chi

194-Li Fuk

195-Cheung Sz Wai......

196-Yik Ip Tseung

197-Wong Yam

198-Sz To Kat......................

199—Au Yeung Ku ................ 200-Leung Lit Lam... 201-Tang In .............

202-Tong Tat

203-Wong Shan Mi

204-Sanada Sataro

205-Wong Kung Wo 206-Li Sam Hing.

207-Wong Lin

17, Western Street.

6, Praya, Yaumati.

67, Bulkley Street, Yaunati.

.119, Wing Lok Street.

Ia, Station Street, Yaumati.

14, Gage Street.

60, Praya Central.

123, Bonham Strand.

.355 & 357, Queen's Road Central.

to 242, Queen's Road Central.

10, Staunton Street.

.....193, Queen's Road East.

25, Pokfulum Road.

.114, Queen's Road East.

80, Shaukiwan.

19, Cross Street.

........ 66, Lower Lascar Row.

......140, Wellington Street.

81, Bonham Strand.

61, Nullah Lane.

..............210, Hollywood Road.

5, Dock Street, Hung Hom. 9, Stanley Steet, Second Floor.

74, Taikoktsui.

74, Tokwawan.

18, Wellington Street.

Removed

No.

208-Li Sz

209-Tsang Tsün Fat

210-Chan Lut Wan

[ xxvi ]

CHINESE SPIRIT LICENCES,-Continued.

Name.

211-Kwan Li Shang and Chan Chin Shing

212-Fung Kam..............

213-Li Kam

214-Chan Wan...

215–Chan Hong

216-Chan Kan 217-Ü Chi.....

218-Au Yeung Cheung. 219-Wong Pun............... 220-Wong Un

221-Ü Sz.

222–Tam Tung....

223-Chu Ching Shing

224-Chin Fat

225-Lam Wing Luk......

226-Chiu Kwan and Chin Yam

227-Wong Kwong and Wong Pui ...........

228-Wong Cheuk Hin..... 229-Wong Lai Tsün

230-Leung Tin.......

231-Tsaug Sz

232-Lan Yung

233-Ng Wing Fuk

234-Tong Chin...

235-Leung Ki Chin...

236-Chu Chik

237-Hung Man Yuk and Hung Kuk Chiu

238-Cheung Lai

239-Fong Fuk

240-Yik Ping Chung

241-Tsang Loi Chiu 242-IIo Tung 243-Cheung Chun Wai

244-Chan Tsoi Tsau

245-Lai Pui

246-Au Tsün

247-Kwong On................

248-Ün Kun.....................

249-Li Kwai....

250-Au Hin

251-Lam Chin Wing

252-Leung Tun Po

253-Wong Yau.......

254-Ngan Wing Shing

255-Lam Tong and Lenng In...

256--Lo On Tak

257-Tong Hung

258-Lun Kai In

259-Li Shing

260-Wong Ping and Wong Wai..

261-Lam Ki

16, New Street.

45, Shaukiwan.

Address.

121, Wellington Street.

19, Praya West.

1, Temple Street.

80, Mongkoktsui. ..346, Queen's Road East.

15, D'Aguilar Street.

4, Graham Street. 53, Queen's Road East.

9,

.224, Hollywood Road.

7, Shing Wong Street. 91, Queen's Road West. ...132, Hollywood Road. .... 30, Queen's Road West.

...116, Queen's Road Central. .356, Queen's Road West.

54 & 56, Staunton Street. 28, Wellington Street. 3, Wing Lok Street. 122, Queen's Road East.

103, Station Street, Yaumati.

.111, Market Street, Hung Hom.

6, Shaukiwan.

20, Market Street, Hung Hom. ...207, Hollywood Road.

30, Hillier Street.

72, Lower Lascar Row.

32, Queen's Road West.

1, Station Street, Yaumati.

64, Praya West.

..349, Queen's Road Central.

1, Elgin Road, Tsimshatsui.

33,

Aberdeen.

112, Queen's Road East.

.123, Wellington Street.

35, Taikoktsui.

1, Taipingshan Street. .166, Wellington Street. 7, Tsak Ü Chung.

.290, Queen's Road West.

71, Praya Central.

46, Bonham Strand.

..358, Queen's Road Central.

55, Wing Lok Street.

..116, Praya East.

42, Queen's Road West.

97, Market Street, Hung Hom. 54, Nullah Lane.

...221, Hollywood Road.

.117, Queen's Road East. 76, Wellington Street. 50, Bridges Street.

[ xxvii ]

CHINESE SPIRIT LICENCES,-Continued.

No.

262-Li Kwong

263--Wong Yam

264--Li Mui

265-Wong Pun..

266-Leung Ip 267--Fung On

268-Tong Ting Sun...

269--Lo Cheung... 270--Pun Fai....

271-Lam Wai

272-Fung Man

273--Cheung Kam Tsun

274-Chan Ying...

275-Wong Hin In

Name.

Address.

10, Fletcher Street.

30, Hollywood Road.

..101, Station Street, Yaumati.

.224, Hollywood Road.

..130, Third Street.

55, Praya, Yaumati.

67, First Street.

16, Bonham Strand West. 145, Hollywood Road.

31, Jardine's Bazaar.

77, Stanley.

76, Shaukiwan.

26, Quarry Bay.

57, Praya West.

276-Kung Wing

277--Ching Uu Kai

......540, Queen's Road West.

278-This is No. 96 transferred to U Mo Ngan and Pun U Wa

279-Chan Fun

280-Pang Kwok Cheung....

281-Chan Hin, (Renewal of No. 1)

41, Queen's Road West,

.328, Queen's Road Central.

19, Li Ün Street, East.

32, Jardinc's Bazaar.

282-Leung Man Cham, (Renewal of No. 5)

.211, Hollywood Road.

283-Au Yeung Chin and Au Yeung Wo, (Renewal of No. 2) 57 & 58, Praya Ceutral.

284--Lo Ping Tsün..

285-Wong Hing, (Renewal of No. 4)

..135, Shaukiwan.

88, Praya Central.

286---Lam Mau and Au Wing, (Renewal of No. 16)................................196, Hollywood Road. 287-Lai Yau, (Renewal of No. 23)

13 & 15, Possession Strect.

288-Tso Tsün Li and Tso Kwong Shu, (Renewal of No. 7) 7, Morrison Street. 289-Tso Shin Ip, (Renewal of No. 8)

8, East Street.

No. 3.

SIR,

Appendix 6.

MAGISTRACY, HONGKONG,

15th January, 1898.

I have the honour to forward, for the information of His Excellency the Governor, a report of the proceedings at two meetings of Her Majesty's Justices of the Peace held on the 28th of December last and the 7th January, for the purpose of considering an application from one G. H. Schwalm for a licence to carry on the business of a Publican on the premises previously known as the "Grand Hotel" in houses situate at 240, 242, and 244, Queen's Road Central.

The attached extract marked A from the China Mail newspaper gives an almost verbatim report of what took place at the meeting held on the 28th December to which the various reporters of the Press were admitted.

For the purpose, however, of eliciting certain information which for obvious reasons it was considered advisable should be done in private, all except Mr. Schwalm, and his solicitor were requested to retire. Mr. Schwalm was then interrogated and made a statement to the following effect:-

:---

(6

"I kept a hotel at Frankfort where I made a considerable sum of money, but competition being too keen I decided to come to Hongkong. I brought with me a sum of money in gold " which on arrival here I converted into silver amounting to about $6,000. This sum has "been kept by me in the German Consulate the whole time I have been employed there, "and is there now. It is absolutely my own money, and if I obtain the licence I am

(6

applying for, it will be at once used in paying the sum of $5,800 in fulfilment of the terms " mentioned in the agreement produced.”

[ xxviii]

After receiving this statement from Mr. Schwalm, the Justices adjourned the further consideration of the application until noon on Friday, the 7th instant, for further enquiries into the character of the applicant and the bona fides of his application.

On the 4th instant the man Schwalm was brought before me in the Police Court, charged with obtaining the sum of $500 by false pretences from one Chiu Hing.

The German Consul was called as a witness in the case, and I attach herewith a copy of his evidence given on oath (marked B).

At the adjourned meeting of the Justices on the 7th instant a report from Police Sergeant Scott to the Captain Superintendent of Police was read (copy attached marked C).

Upon hearing this report and the evidence of the German Consul, the Justices unanimously refused to grant the application, and after some remarks by the Chairman which are reported in the local press and forwarded herewith (marked D) it was moved by Mr. Granville Sharp, J.P., and seconded by

Mr. G. Murray Bain, J.P.-

"That the Justices in meeting request the Magistrate to allow the opinions he has expressed

66

upon the inadequacy of the present arrangements to secure adequate knowledge of the "character of applicants for licences for the sale of intoxicating liquors to be placed before "the Government with a view to ridding the Colony of such people as we have had experi-

66

66

ence of within the past week or two, and of obtaining some more effective guarantee that applicants are of good character and standing."

This proposition being put to the meeting was carried unanimously and in accordance therewith I now have the honour to transmit the same.

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

H. E. WODEHOUSE,

Police Magistrale.

(Enclosures.)

Tuesday, 28th December, 1897.

THE GRAND HOTEL LICENCE.

CONSIDERATION POSTPONED.

A.

A special session of H.M. Justices of the Peace was held to-day in the Justices' Room, at the Ma- gistracy. Mr. H. E. Wodehouse, Police Magistrate, presided. The Justices present were:-Dr. Hartigan, Messrs. G. Murray Bain, Harry Wicking, W. M. B. Arthur and Rev. R. F. Cobbold.

The meeting was convened to consider an application from one G. H. Schwalm for a Publican's licence to sell and retail intoxicating liquors on the premises situate at Nos. 240, 242, and 244, Queen's Road Central, under the sigu of "The Central Hotel." These premises were formerly known as "The Grand Hotel."

Mr. G. C. C. Master appeared for the applicant.

Mr. Wodehouse read the application, from which it appeared the applicant had never held a licence before. The Police report, which was signed by Deputy Superintendent T. A. Howe, was as follows:-"The

“The applicant is absolutely a man of straw, and merely a blind put forward by Hock Goon and his wife. An agreement has been entered into between these parties to the effect that Mr. Hock

!

.

:..

( xxix)

Goon disposes of his interest for $6,000, $200 of this amount to be paid as soon as the licence is granted, and Mr. and Mrs. Hock Goon are to remain on the premises until the balance of $5,800 is paid up. The smallness of the amount to be paid over at once shows that the sale is not a bona fide one, and that Hock Goon and his wife would remain permanently on the premises and carry on the business, which would be decidedly objectionable."

Mr. Master-I should like the Police report to be in some way proved-that this Mr. Schwalm is a man of straw.

Mr. Wodehouse- Let us have the man in.

The applicant was admitted into the room.

Mr. Master handed the Magistrate a copy of the following agreement:-"Mr. and Mrs. Hock Goon have sold on the 9th December, 1897, their hotel, situated at Nos. 240, 242 and 244 Queen's Road Central, in Victoria, Hongkong, to Mr. G. H. Schwalm, for the sum of $6,000. A deposit of $200 is paid down by Mr. Schwalm. As soon as the licence is granted to Mr. Schwalm he has to pay $5,800 to Mr. and Mrs. Hock Goon, and as soon as this sum is paid Mr. and Mrs. Hock Goon have to leave the house. (Signed) Mrs. Hock Goon and Hock Goon.”

Mr. Arthur-I may say there were two applications for this same house, the sureties in which were the same as the old sureties of Hock Goon-two Chinese: one at 62 Jervois Street and the other at 33 Circular Pathway. Some little correspondence took place as to which applicant they intended. to take, and they finally decided upon the applicant who offered the best terms to them.

Mr. Wodehouse (to applicant)-Is it part of your agreement that Mr. and Mrs. Hock Goon remain in the hotel until the money is paid?

Applicant-Until this afternoon, whenever I am granted the licence. They will leave as soon as possible after the granting of the licence. They remain until the money has been paid.

Mr. Bain-What money? The $200 or $5,800 ?

Mr. Master-$200 has been paid.

Mr. Wodehouse said the agreement read as if the $200 was to be paid as soon as the licence was granted.

Mr. Master-If the Police report is founded on fact, I can quite understand the Justices refusing the application, but I would ask leave to adjourn the application in order to see my client,-who only came to see me about an hour and a-half ago—and be able to show that this report is not founded on fact. My client is not going to pay money and then have his licence refused. He had to pay the money for the benefit of the lease that is still running. I imagine Mr. and Mrs. Hock Goon have a lease of the premises. Mr. Schwalm has to see that he gets consent of his landlord, because probably in the lease there is a clause that there will be no transfer of the lease without consent of the landlord. Another thing he will have to see about before handing over the money would be that he gets the furniture. I submit that report by Mr. Howe is nothing unless founded on something. It is a very damaging report if founded on fact. It is as much as to say that Mr. and Mrs. Hock Goon are to take the benefit of the hotel, and somebody else's name is going to be put up. If that be the case, I myself shall have nothing to do with it. I am instructed by Mr. Schwalm that it is a bona fide purchase, and I think it would be better if your Worships will postpone the consideration of this application for a week, in order that I may consult with Mr. Schwalm, and be in a position to show that the money is actually in my possession, and that I am holding it until the completion of the transfer. Perhaps your Worships will signify whether or not you would grant the application, provided this sale was a bond fide one.

The Justices then considered in private whether they would adjourn consideration of the applic- ation, and it was decided to postpone the hearing until Friday week.

Friday, 7th January, 1898.

THE GRAND HOTEL LICENCE.

D.

A meeting of the Justices of the Peace was held to-day in the Justices' Room, at the Magistracy. Mr. H. E. Wodehouse, Police Magistrate, presided. The Justices present were:-Rev. R. F. Cobbold, Dr. Clark, Messrs. G. Murray Bain, D. R. Crawford, C. S. Sharp, Granville Sharp, Harry Wicking, Captain Superintendent May and W. M. B. Arthur.

J

1

[xxx]

Mr. Wodehouse said-Gentlemen, you will remember that at the last meeting held to consider the application of G. H. Schwalm, you were pleased to grant an adjournment for the purpose of ascertain- ing the bona fides of the application and with a view to making some inquiry into the character of the applicant. The result of the inquiry into the character of the applicant is shown in the following report from the Sergeant of Police who made the inquiries, and is addressed to the Captain Superinten- dent of Police, Mr. May.

The Magistrate then read the report, from which it appeared that about three years ago a woman, named Mrs May York, was a prostitute in No. 15 Graham Street. She left that place and went to Saigon, where she took up with G. H. Schwalm, who was then a soldier. They went together to Singapore, where he was pimp to the woman, who lived in a brothel in Malay Street. He got into money difficulties, was sued in Court and ran away, coming to Hongkong about eighteen months ago along with this woman, whom he passed off as his wife, with whom he is now living, and whose husband was a pimp in Singapore. Shortly after coming to Hongkong, this woman opened a shop at No. 15 D'Aguilar Street. She was afterwards employed as barmaid in the Stag Hotel. About May, 1897, Schwalm got employment in the German Consulate, and went to live at No. 18 Wyndham Street with the woman.

When the Consul's secretary returned his services were dispensed with. About three months ago he wanted to take over a coffee shop licence in Graham Street, but could not raise the money required ($150). From inquiries made at the German Consulate it had been found that he had no money there.

Mr. Wodehouse (continuing) said-Gentlemen, it is with strong feelings of indignation that I read this report to you. Your time and attention have been taken up with a deliberate attempt to impose upon you, and to take you in. The Ordinance under which consideration of these licences is given to the Justices is Ordinance 21 of 1886, and there is no doubt that the intention of that Ordinance is that the Justices shall make proper inquiry into the character of the applicant and shall satisfy themselves not only that the applicant is a man of good character, but also that he is not a man of straw, but is of substance and of some standing in the Colony. The Ordinance requires that before a licence is granted the applicant shall enter into recognizance according to the nature of the licence he requires. That recognizance contains a certificate in terms of the Ordinance, and also a certificate by householders that the applicant is a person of good fame and reputation, and fit and proper to be licensed to keep an inn or public house. The names of the proposed sureties on this occasion were Liu Kwong Shun and Leung Kan, and we heard last week that the condition of their surety was that this man, after he got the licence, was to obtain his aërated waters from them. Experience of most of these sureties and the assurances of the householders as to the good reputation of the applicant has also been found to consist generally in a mere undertaking on the part of the applicant that if the licence be obtained liquors shall be obtained from these sureties. I think it is quite clear, gentlemen, that the present cystem of granting licences does not contain sufficient security that the men to whom we grant these licences are fit and proper persons to sell intoxicating liquors. A few weeks ago some resolutions were informally drawn up regarding the sale of deleterious liquors, and these were forwarded to the Government for consideration. The Government has now sent a reply to this communication which was made to them, and it is proposed in the course of some day next week to call a meeting of the Justices at the City Hall, when that communication will be read to them and their advice taken on the next step which will have to be made. In regard to this particular application, which has not been formally withdrawn, of course, there is nothing more now to do but to refuse it. I may also inform you that the applicant is at present before the Magistrate charged with having obtained $500 by false pretences, and that the German Consul has been a witness in that case, and has stated that when he took on the defendant so far from his depositing any money with him, the first thing he did was to ask a loan of $100 from the Consul, and that he has never from that day to this deposited any money or had any in his possession. The Medical Officer in the Gaol now states that the man Schwalm is suffering from insane delusions, and I think that one of his insane delusions must have been the idea that he could, by bringing forward the bogus agreement that he showed us the other day between parties of the character of Hock Goon and himself, that he could impose on you by the mere impression of a ten-cent stamp and the intervention of a solicitor. I am extremely sorry, gentlemen, that your time has been taken up to no purpose-I will not say to no purpose your time was taken up by such an application as this one, and instead of putting off the meeting, as I might have done, I thought it better to call you together and inform you of what has taken place in case any of you have any observations to make. I have only to add that in future the Justices will be convened to consider applications for licences at a particular time, instead of at the time any application is made and that the time will be the first Tuesday after the end of each quarter, at noon.

}

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[ xxxi]

Each time when a meeting is convened it will be notified in a paper as usual, and a direct notice will be sent to each of you. That is all the business, gentlemen, unless any of you wish to make any remarks.

Mr. G. Sharp-Would it be competent for the Justices assembled here to-day to say anything, or to put anything on record, in support of the remarks fallen from yourself as to the inadequacy of the present arrangements to secure sufficient knowledge of the character of the applicant?

Mr. Wodehouse-I think, gentlemen, it is competent for you to do anything you please at this meeting. The meeting is not yet closed, and it is competent for you to move any resolution or do anything you please.

Mr. G. Sharp-Might I move that the remarks of the Magistrate be brought to the notice of the Government? Don't you think that would be suitable?

Mr. C. S. Sharp-Gentlemen, we had better decide formally a resolution with regard to this application.

Mr. Wodehouse-I presume the application is unanimously rejected.

The meeting acquiesced..

Mr. Wicking-I would like to ask your Worship if an applicant who deliberately makes a false statement is not liable to some punishment?

Mr. Wodehouse-I am afraid he is not liable for conduct of that sort.

Mr. Wicking--Could he receive no punishment presuming he was sworn?

Mr. Wodehouse-Even then. There is no power to swear him. He could not be put upon his oath. All that we can do is to call upon him to give sworn affidavits. If he had done that, then he might have been liable. I admit it is a most outrageous thing trying to defraud a body of gentlemen like the Justices in the way this man has treated us. Your time is valuable and you have no wish to meet here to consider applications of this sort. It is no business of ours to see that these pimps and parasites of the place shall obtain a living, and so far as we are concerned I wish that the Government would exercise their power to banish every one of them out of the Colony. They merely prey upon Society and are not of the slightest use in the place.

Mr. Murray Bain intimated he had great pleasure in seconding Mr. G. Sharp's resolution.

Mr. G. Sharp-That the Justices in meeting request the Magistrate to allow the opinions he has expressed upon the inadequacy of the present arrangements to secure adequate knowledge of the character of applicants for licences for the sale of intoxicating liquors. That these remarks of the Chairman be placed before the Government.

Mr. Murray Bain-I have great pleasure in seconding that.

Captain Superintendent May--I do not think that is where the shoe pinches. We know all about these people.

Mr. G. Sharp-Faced before the Government with the request that some further—-

Captain Superintendent May--I think what you want is to ask the Government to rid the Colony of those people.

Mr. Murray Bain-You can easily do that. You can add, "With the view to ridding the Colony of such applicants as the one whose application has been rejected."

Captain Superintendent May-I have reason to believe that most of these people are being moved on from towns in other countries, and this is really becoming a dumping ground for the refuse of other cities.

Mr. Wicking-Can they be deported?

Mr. Wodehouse-I believe the Government has it in their power to deport them so long as they are not British born. I will undertake to bring this matter before the Government. I understand that it is your general wish that this matter should be brought forward, and that you are not particular about the wording of the resolution so long as your purpose is attained.

Mr. Murray Bain-Only it might be as well to add, "With the view to ridding the Colony of such people as we have had experience of within the past week or two."

Mr. Wodehouse-Also with the view to obtaining some guarantee that the applicant is a man of good character and good standing.

This was all the business.

[ xxxii ]

B.

Remand Case No. 3.

Regina by KwOK CHIU HENG v. G. H. SCHWALM.

Ludwig von Loeper sworu states-I am Consul for Germany in Hongkong. I am acquainted with the defendant. He has been clerk in my office for about nine months and was so in December last year.

He ceased to be clerk when my Secretary came back. It is not the case that I promised to lend him one thousand dollars. A few days before he left my service I gave him a certificate in German saying that he had been in my service for some months as clerk and that I was satisfied with his services and dismissed him because my Secretary had come back. I have had some conversation with him about money.

When he first came to the office as clerk he said he was in debt and asked me to lend him one hundred dollars. I refused. I have never had any other conversation with him about lending him money. When he joined me he described himself as a native of Germany. On the 3rd January at 1 p.m. the last witness came to me. In consequence of what he said to me I went to the Police Station.

True copy.

W. M. B. A.

14. 1. 98.

C.

CENTRAL POLICE STATION,

4th January, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to report that from inquiries made about Georg Henry Schwalm who has applied for a licence for the Grand Hotel under the name of the Central Hotel, I have gained the following information.

About three years ago a woman named Mrs. Mi Yorke was a prostitute in No. 15 Graham Street. She left that place and went to Saigon where she picked up Schwalm who was then a soldier in the French Army, from which he deserted and was smuggled away in the German steamer Tetartos to Singapore where he was pimp to this woman who lived in a brothel in Malay Street; he got into money difficulties; was sued in Court, and ran away, coming to Hongkong about eighteen months ago along with this woman, Mrs. Mi Yorke, whom he passed off as his wife, and with whom he is now living at No. 18 Wyndham Street, but whose husband is a pimp in Singapore. Shortly after coming to Hong- kong this woman opened a shop at No. 15 D'Aguilar Street; he was pimp to her there; from there she went to the Stag Hotel as barmaid, where she remained about two months, then she went to the Globe Hotel as barmaid, and remained there about six months about this time, "May, 1897." Schwalm got employment as a clerk in the German Consulate during the absence on leave of the Secretary, and went to live at No. 18 Wyndham Street, but the Secretary having returned his services are no longer required and he is out of employment. About three months ago he wanted to take over the Coffee Shop Licence held by Ladewig at No. 12 Graham Street, but could not raise the money required— about $150.

From inquiries made at the German Consulate I find that he has no money deposited there, and never bad.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

To Honourable

Your most obedient Servant,

(Signed)

A. SCOTT, Sergeant.

F. H. MAY, C.M.G.,

Captain Superintendent of Police,

&C.,

£0.9

&c.

True copy.

W. M. B. A.

14.1.98.

:

[ xxxiii]

IN THE POLICE COURT AT VICTORIA IN THE COLONY OF HONGKONG.

APPLICATION FOR PUBLICAN'S LICENCE.

(Under Ordinance No. 21 of 1886.)

Name of Applicant, George H. Schwalm. Address, Imperial German Consulate. Nationality, German. Has held a licence, never. Licensed house to be at Nos. 240, 242, 244 Queen's Road Central. Its name or sign to be "The Central Hotel." Sureties

of 63 Jervois Street, and of

33 Circular Pathway.

To the Magistrates.

I give notice that I intend to apply at the next Licensing Meeting to Her Majesty's Justices of the Peace, for a licence to sell and retail intoxicating liquors, in the house and appurtenances thereunto belonging above named, which I intend to keep as an Inn or Public-house.

Hongkong, 7th December, 1898.

(Signed)

G. H. SCHWALM.

We, the undersigned householders residing at Victoria in the said Colony, certify that the above- named applicant is a person of good fame and reputation, and fit and proper to be licensed to keep an Inn or Public-house.

(Signed)

E. NIEDHART, The Medical Hall.

( Do. )

G. D. BONING.

( Do. )

PAUL BREWITT.

Appendix 7.

MEETING OF HER MAJESTY'S JUSTICES OF THE PEACE AT THE CITY HALL.

No. 5.

SIR,

Reporting the appointment of a Committee by, and asking powers of a Commission for.

MAGISTRACY,

HONGKONG, 24th January, 1898.

I have the honour to report that at a meeting of the Justices of the Peace held on Thursday, the 20th instant, to consider the communication of the Government to them on the question of the sale of deleterious liquors in the Colony, the following resolution was moved by Dr. Hartigan and seconded by Mr. A. F. Smith:-

"That this meeting appoint a Committee of five members to enquire into the question of "the working of the liquor laws of this Colony, and that the Government be requested to give "such Committee the powers of a Commission."

A Committee was then appointed consisting of Dr. Hartigan, Messrs. H. McCallum, J. J. Francis, Q.C., Rev. R. F. Cobbold, and myself.

On behalf of the Committee I have the honour to ask that His Excellency the Governor will be pleased to entrust it with the powers of a Commission for the purpose of calling and examining witnesses.

I have the honour to request that the terms of the reference may be made wide enough to include any question that is likely to arise in connection with the liquor traffic and the licensing of the sale of spirituous liquors in this Colony.

(Signed)

I have, &c.,

H. E. WODEHOUSE,

Police Magistrate.

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

#

[ xxxiv]

Thursday, 20th January, 1898.

THE SALE OF INJURIOUS LIQUORS IN HONGKONG.

MEETING OF JUSTICES.

Yesterday afternoon a general meeting of the Justices of the Peace was held in the City Hall for the purpose of considering a communication from the Government on the subject of the resolutions recently submitted to them in regard to the sale of injurious liquors in Hongkong.

Hon. H. E. Wodehouse (Police Magistrate) presided and there were also present-Messrs. W. M. B. Arthur. J. A. de Carvalho, N. J. Ede, Dr. Hartigan, A. Shelton Hooper, G. C. Cox, W. Danby, A. Findlay Smith, C. Palmer, A. J. May, H. C. Nicolle, D. R. Crawford, Gershom Stewart, C. S. Sharp, D. E. Brown, J. H. Lewis, F. Dodwell, J. B. Coughtrie, R. M. Gray, H. M. Mehta, T. H. Reid, Dr. Clark, H. McCallum, Dr. Stedman, Rev. R. F. Cobbold, T. Jackson, R. C. Wilcox, Dr. Bateson Wright, H. L. Dalrymple, G. Sharp, E. W. Mitchell, H. Smith, C. Inchbald, A. W. Brewin, B. Layton, W. H. Percival, G. T. Veitch, J. Thurburn, G. C. Anderson, G. B. Dodwell, R. M. Moses, and Hon.

T. H. Whitehead.

The Chairman-Gentlemen, before commencing the proceedings I should like to know whether it is your wish that the meeting should be public. The reporters are here and they will take notes if you will permit them.

Mr. Ede-Certainly. I propose that reporters be admitted.

Dr. Hartigan seconded.

Carried.

The Chairman, after reading the notice convening the meeting, said-Before declaring the meeting open I should like briefly to explain the circumstances under which this meeting has been called. At a meeting of Justices held in November last for the purpose of considering applications for licences, the question of the sale of injurious liquors was brought forward and a strong wish was expressed that some means should be taken to control or suppress what was styled the pernicious traffic in poisonous liquors which is believed to exist in the Colony. The traffic was pronounced to be injurious not only to our soldiers and sailors at large but also to many other individuals who partake of these liquors, intending to do so moderately and at last succumbing to their influence with loss of credit to themselves, a loss to their purses, and a loss of promotion in the service generally. The meeting was followed up by an informal meeting of gentlemen consisting not only of Justices of the Peace but of officers of the Navy and Army, when the question was again considered, and the result was that certain resolutions were drawn up and afterwards circulated for the consideration of the Justices of the Peace. I will now read those resolutions. There were present at the meeting-Mr. H. E. Wodehouse, c.M.G., Colonel Gordon, W. Y. Regt., the Honourable T. H. Whitehead, Lt.-Colonel Clarke, o.D., Mr. C. S. Sharp, Mr. N. J. Ede, Dr. Clark, and Mr. J. J. Francis, q.c., and it was resolved:-

(1.)-That there was no evidence to show that the wines and spirits sold in the Colony were adulterated to any serious extent, that the existing law sufficiently provided for any such cases, but that there was good reason to believe great harm and injury was being done by the sale in licensed taverns of crude (imported) liquors of very inferior quality and by the supply of deleterious inferior Chinese spirits in brothels.

(2.) That in the interests of soldiers and sailors and of the community generally some steps ought to be taken to check the importation and sale of crude spirits of all kinds and to place some restrictions on the sale of Chinese spirits and liquors.

(3.) That the most effective means of checking the importation and sale of crude spirits would in our opinion be that the Government should establish a standard as to the maximum percentage of fusel oil (amylic alcohol) or other crude products of distillation to be allowed in any spirit, and that the possession by any licensed person of spirits not in accordance with the standard should be made a punishable offence.

(4.)—That an invariable part of the punishment should be the endorsement of the conviction

on the offender's licence and that a second conviction within three years should entail a forfeiture of the licence.

4

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7

:

[ xxxv ]

(5.) That the Government should undertake by its official experts an examination into the qualities and kinds of Chinese wines and spirits, the methods of manufacture, modes of adulteration, &c., and on the report of its scientific advisers, should fix some minimum standard of quality to which all Chinese spirits should conform. Adherence to this standard to be enforced by penalties on the same lines as those for imported crude spirits, and

(6.) That these resolutions be circulated among the Justices of the Peace, and, if approved of

by a majority, be forwarded to the Government for their consideration.

With regard to those resolutions, gentlemen, I think I may say on behalf of those who were responsible for them that it was thought they should not be considered as so many axioms beyond the scope of controversy, or as the final decision on the question, but rather that they should put into form an expression of the general nebulous feeling entertained on the subject, and that they should form a basis on which to approach the Government. I circulated the resolutions for the information of the Justices in the following terms:-"The undersigned has been requested to circulate the accompanying memorandum amongst the Justices of the Peace and will be obliged if they will express their approval of the resolutions which it is proposed to forward for the consideration of the Government.-H. E. Wodehouse, Police Magistrate." The result was that a large proportion of the Justices signified their approval of the resolutions. There was a small minority against the resolutions.

The next step was to forward the resolutions for the consideration of the Government, which was done in the following

letter:-

SIR,

"THE MAGISTRACY, HONGKONG, 14th December, 1897.

I have the honour to forward for the consideration of the Government copy of resolutions relating to the sale of injurious liquors passed at an informal meeting held at "Derrington" on the 16th November, 1897, at which were present-[Here follow names of gentlemen present as given above.]

I have further to forward, in original, the endorsement of the general body of the Justices of the Peace to whom the foregoing resolutions were submitted.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

(Signed)

H. E. WODEHOUSE, Police Magistrate.

To that letter a reply was received from the Government in the form of a minute by the Colonial Secretary, which was forwarded to you in the following letter:-

SIR,

"THE MAGISTRACY, VICTORIA,

HONGKONG, 15th January, 1898.

With reference to the forthcoming meeting of the Justices of the Peace at the City Hall, it may be to your convenience to know that the Government requests that the Justices will appoint a Committee of their own body to consider the matter and make definite recommendations to the Government such as can be embodied in an Ordinance and are likely to secure the object aimed at.

The foregoing is the communication referred to in my letter convening the meeting.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

(Signed)

H. E. WODEHOUSE, Police Magistrate.”

My own opinion with regard to that minute is that if it is left to the Justices to deal with the matter the result will not be so favourable as if the Government themselves took the matter in hand and formed a Committee or Commission with power to call witnesses and examine them. (Applause.) It is, however, for you yourselves, gentlemen, to decide that question. I think I need make only one more

( xxxvi)

remark, and that is in regard to myself personally. As you are aware, by Ordinance the Magistrate presides at meetings of the Justices of the Peace held to consider applications for transfers or for licences. He is also generally used as a medium through which to convene a meeting, but the meetings once convened and opened I am of opinion that the functions of the Magistrate cease, and that after that he becomes merged in the general body of Justices. Therefore, in now declaring the meeting opened, I will call upon you to elect your Chairman. (Applause.)

The Chairman then left his seat.

Mr. Ede proposed that the Hon. H. E. Wodehouse be appointed Chairman of the meeting.

Mr. Mehta seconded.

Carried unanimously.

The chair was again taken by the Hon. H. E. Wodehouse,

The Chairman-I have great pleasure in occupying the chair, and we will now proceed to discuss the answer of the Government which I have already read to you. I will call upon any gentleman present to make any remarks or move any resolution he may feel inclined to move.

In answer to Mr. Crawford, the Chairman said-So far as my recollection goes- I have not the Ordinance with me now-there is no provision in the Ordinance regarding the sale of deleterious liquors. There is a provision for the sale of adulterated liquors, and adulterated liquors are defined in a particular way which does not include the quality of liquors such as we are now considering.

Mr. Crawford-If there be no special provision for Hongkong we are under the ordinary English law.

The Chairman-That is not so. The English law is not in force here subsequent to 1843 unless it has been expressly put in force by Ordinance.

Mr. Hooper-Is there any law in England at the present time which deals with this question?

The Chairman-I am unable to say.

Dr. Hartigan-As nobody else seems inclined to take the matter up I suppose I must, although I did not intend to do so. With regard to the Government proposal that we should form a Committee, it seems to me that it would be better to ask the Government to form a Commission, or, as has been suggested, that we ourselves, if we form a Committee, should ask the Government to give it the powers of a Commission. I do not think we should be able to carry out the object we have in view unless we get very ample powers-powers to take evidence and compel people to give evidence. If we were simply what I might designate an irresponsible Committee we probably should not be able to get a certain amount of conclusive evidence which we should require, as the Government have asked us to give them certain definite details on which they could found an opinion. Everybody knows that the question of drink in Hongkong is one of the very highest importance. You cannot walk out in the streets at night without seeing the results of the present regulations-or non-regulations-and any medical man here can vouch for the evil results. Certainly I know that naval and military officers can say that the results on their men produced by this particular liquor is very bad indeed, as it is not a mere case of drunkenness, but it is a case of frenzy. It is not a case of drunkenness for a day, but for a week. I bave never seen any honest liquor produce this result even when taken in larger quantities. In order to settle this question we should ask the Government to give the Committee the full powers of a Commission as regards the taking of evidence that they think is necessary. This present trouble is, as you all know, of very long standing and I am sorry to say it is increasing. My own idea was that having called the attention of the Government to the matter, the functions of the Justices were finished, but as the Government have not taken that view I see no reason why we should not meet them, and as to a certain extent they have endorsed our opinion that something ought to be done. We certainly ought to meet them half way and if necessary appoint a Commission at once. The one objection taken to the original resolutions was that it was impossible to find any means of nailing this matter; but it seems to me that if we can prove that this evil is doing an immense amount of injury to those who some day may have to defend us the Government ought to take steps to remedy that defect, no matter what interests are involved. (Applause.) I may say that a gentleman who knows all about these cases told me that you can get quite a respectable drop of good honest Irish or Scotch whiskey for the same price as the poisonous stuff is sold at. If that is so, we can deal with the matter by means of the licences. We can compel licence holders to sell only genuine stuff and not spurious as it is to a great extent at present. Then as regards Chinese liquor, that is more easily dealt with, because we could say it should be kept up to a certain standard, and that could easily be accomplished by putting a provision in the

A

!

Ordinance.

[ xxxvii]

The view we should take is that if the evil exists a remedy should be found. The Govern- ment is here to govern and if the Government cannot find a remedy we should take means to abolish an evil which is sapping the foundations of a great portion of the population. I beg to conclude by hoping that we shall come to some definite results to-day and not allow this question to be in abeyance as it has been to my certain knowledge for twenty years, and probably twenty years before that. (Applause.)

Mr. Ede--I see here an expert gentleman, Mr. McCallum. I should like to ask him whether it is possible to establish a standard that would not interfere with legitimate liquor and by which we should be able to ascertain if there were deleterious substances in the liquors sold.

Mr. McCallum-I think it is quite possible to fix a standard, both for foreign liquors and for Chinese liquors.

Dr. Hartigan-I beg to propose the following resolution: "That this meeting appoint a Committee of three members to enquire into the question of the working of the liquor laws of this Colony, and that the Government add two members thereto and give such Committee the power of a Commission.”

Mr. A. Findlay Smith seconded.

Mr. Coughtrie Mr. Chairman, do you think five members will be sufficient on the Committee? It might be necessary to have sub-Committees.

The Chairman-That is entirely a matter for yourselves to decide.

Mr. Dalrymple-Mr. Chairman, I beg to move the following amendment-"That if it is considered advisable by the Justices present that a Committee or Commission should be appointed, that that Commission should be appointed by the Government entirely." Personally I think that this is a matter which the Government should deal with. They are possessed of the necessary machinery, and I think it is the duty of the Government to take steps to prevent the importation and sale of injurious liquors.

Mr. Thurburn seconded the amendment.

The Chairman-I think I may as well say that when putting this resolution and amendment before you it will be well to bear in mind the fact that we have no facts before us at present on which we could ask for a Commission, and that it is possible that the Justices who have taken the initiative in the matter will be called upon to say in what way the evil exists. We have been told that it exists, but at present there is nothing before the Government to prove that it does, and I think that before they take such an important step as appointing a Commission they would like to be furnished with certain facts showing the nature of the evil. Before coming to a conclusion on this amendment and resolution I should like you to consider that point. It seems to me, gentlemen, that there will be no difficulty in obtaining sufficient grounds for the Government to go upon if we invite officers of the Navy, and Army, and the Mercantile Marine, to give us information on the matter. That information will be quite sufficient for the Government if it thinks proper to appoint a Commission.

Mr. Coughtrie-In regard to what you have just observed, the matter appears to me in exactly the same light. I think that certain facts should be brought out by the Committee of the Justices and represented to the Government. Upon these facts the Government may appoint a Commission with the fullest powers. My idea is that if the Justices elect a Committee of seven and take evidence there will be something for the Government to go upon. At present there is nothing to lay before the Government in a tangible form. I have a list of names here and I therefere beg to propose another amendment:-"That Hon. H. E. Wodehouse, Rev. R. F. Cobbold, Dr. Hartigan, Mr. N. J. Ede, Mr. C. S. Sharp, Mr. D. R. Crawford, and Mr. H. L. Dalrymple form a Commission of seven to obtain all the information they can on this matter and report to the general body of Justices."

Mr. Dalrymple-May I ask if the Government would itself give powers to any Committee in the collation of facts?

The Chairman--Of course I am unable to answer that.

Mr. Coughtrie-We are here at the request of the Government for the purpose of making a recommendation to the Government, and I am of opinion---

The Chairman-I think the Government would like general facts.

Mr. Coughtrie-How can we get them unless we have the power? (Applause.)

The Chairman-What I suggested was that the officers of the Navy and Army and the Mercantile Marine would be able to supply us with the necessary facts sufficient for the Government to take action

upon.

Mr. Coughtrie--I am afraid the Committee would like wider information than that.

[ xxxviii]

The Chairman-We will leave it to the Committee to deal with the matter as they choose.

Mr. Moses seconded Mr. Cougbtrie's amendment.

Mr. Herbert Smith-I should like to say that it seems to ine that with every amendment we are getting further and further away from the main issue. (Applause.) The Justices have plainly pointed out to the Government what they consider should be done and I am sorry to say that the Government, as usual, have shirked their responsibility and referred the matter back to the Justices of the Peace. It seems to me that though we are all agreed that the Government have the necessary machinery and should have every wish to put an Ordinance in force to try and ameliorate this trade in inferior drink, that, as the Justices have been distinctly asked, they should act at once, and I would suggest to the gentleman who proposed the first resolution that he might amend it by moving that the Justices now appoint five gentlemen, whose names shall be submitted to the Government, to enquire into and report upon the traffic in these liquors on condition that they are given all the powers of a Government Commission. (Applause.) I may say that two members of the Government might be put on the Committee, as, for instance, Mr. Wodehouse and Dr. Clark or Mr. McCallum.

Mr. Inchbald supported the suggestion.

Dr. Hartigan, the mover of the first resolution, said he consented to the alteration being made as suggested by Mr. Herbert Smith. The resolution would then read "that the Committee consist of five members and that the Government add two members thereto.”

Mr. Herbert Smith-Leave that last part out. We will do it ourselves. says the Government wish us to appoint the Committee. Why not do it?

The minute distinctly

Dr. Hartigan--I was informed that the objection to that would be that if we ask for the powers of a Commission we must have Government members.

Dr. Stedman-We can appoint two officials from amongst ourselves.

The Chairman then put Mr. Coughtrie's amendment to the meeting.

Four Justices voted for it and twenty-two against. The amendment was therefore lost.

:-

The amendment proposed by Mr. Dalrymple was then put to the meeting and lost by 10 votes to 22.

The following original resolution was then put to the meeting and carried unanimously:-

"That this meeting appoint five members to enquire into the question of the working of the liquor laws of this Colony, and that the Government be requested to give such Committee the powers of a Commission."

Mr. Smith proposed and Mr. Ede seconded that the following Committee be appointed:-Hon. H. E. Wodehouse, Dr. Hartigan, Mr. H. McCallum, Mr. J. J. Francis, q.c., and Rev. R. F. Cobbold.

Carried.

This was all the business and a vote of thanks to the Chairman having been passed the proceedings

concluded.

Appendix 8.

SPECIAL MEETING OF THE JUSTICES OF THE PEACE.

On Saturday afternoon, the 16th April, 1898, a special meeting of Her Majesty's Justices of the Peace was held in the Chamber of Commerce Room, City Hall, "for the purpose of considering questions which have arisen in connection with the Commission to enquire into the sale of deleterious liquors" in the Colony. The meeting was convened by circular signed by Commander W. C. H. Hastings, Acting Police Magistrate. Some time ago the Justices of the Peace submitted a series of resolutions to the Government recommending that steps should be taken for the prevention of the sale of injurious liquors in the Colony. A reply was received from the Government, and a meeting of the Justices was held on Thursday, January 31st, to consider this reply. Subsequently a Commission was appointed to go into the subject, and before this Commission evidence was given by the Captain Superintendent of Police, the Hon. F. H. May.

At the meeting on Saturday the chair was occupied by Commander Hastings, and there were also present, Rev. R. F. Cobbold, Dr. Stedman, Dr. Lowson, Dr. Clark, Messrs. G. Murray Bain, J. J. Francis, A. J. May, H. P. Tooker, C. V. Ladds, R. C. Wilcox, C. Ford, E. W. Mitchell, G. Sharp, and C. W. Duggan.

1

·

i

!

:

[ xxxix]

The Chairman-Gentlemen, by direction I have invited you to come here to ask you two questions-The Government appointed a Commission on the 14th February. Mr. Wodehouse, one of the members, has left the Colony, Dr. Hartigan has resigned, and Mr. McCallum was not able to serve when he came out of hospital. I am going to ask you two questions--Whether you wish the Commission. to be dissolved or go on, or if you do wish the enquiry to go on, will you nominate members who are willing to serve, or will you leave the nomination of the members to the Government?

Mr. Francis said-Gentlemen, to some extent I am responsible for the present meeting and for placing you in your present position, and I have asked the Chairman for permission to explain it. After the Committee was appointed, Mr. Wodehouse was very active, and we had two or three preliminary meetings before the Commission was actually appointed at his house at which we exchanged our views on the subject, and endeavoured to ascertain, as far as we could, what lines the examination of witnesses and the investigation generally should take. As soon as the Commission was issued we met again and prepared a lengthy series of questions to be addressed to the different interests in the Colony--the wine merchants, importers of wines and spirits, the licensed dealers and the naval and military medical authorities. The answers to some of these have been received and the result of our preliminary enquiries and investigation was this, that so far as we could see there was nothing very serious the matter, there was nothing really substantial to enquire into. From Mr. McCallum and Mr. Browne we ascertained that so far as their knowledge and experience went there was nothing in the shape of adulteration practised in the Colony. They had never had any proof of it, and so far as their experience went they believed adulteration was not prevalent. The very most that was done was that the liquor was weakened, and if there was anything wrong it was in connection with the liquor imported; perhaps a good deal of the liquor was too crude and not of the very best quality. The Captain Superintendent of Police was the only witness examined by the Commission at the sittings it held. Mr. May had nothing to complain of either as to the conduct of the keepers of public-houses generally, or the quality or quantities of the liquors sold, and in fact said there was no reason to complain of drunkenness in the Colony. They had received answers from the naval and military medical officers and they had no serious complaint against the quality of the liquors supplied to the men. They had nothing to suggest, and, broadly, we came to the conclusion that there was little or nothing substantial to enquire into. One point with reference to which amendment was possible could only be tackled by interfering with the trade of the port, and imposing restriction on the import of liquors of different descriptions, and imposing tests and calling for examinations and reports from the importers of liquors, which would seriously interfere with the free trade of the port, and which would be most strenuously resisted. Therefore, when Mr. Wodehouse had to go away-the meetings of the Commission were delayed in consequence of his illness,-when Dr. Hartigan was leaving the Colony for twelve months, when Mr. McCallum was taken ill and had to leave, so that it was absolutely necessary to re-constitute the Commission, I mentioned the matter to Mr. Cobbold, who was practically the only other member of the Commission besides myself, and we agreed that there was very little to enquire about, and very little use to continue the Commission, and, therefore, I informally addressed the Government on the matter. The result of that communication was that Mr. Wodehouse was asked to hold a meeting of the then members of the Committee to ascertain their views. I attended one meeting, and we were unable to get a quorum. Mr. Wodehouse called another meeting on the morning before he went away, but it was impossible to get a quorum, and this meeting was called. I, therefore, beg to move that the Commission be allowed to lapse.

The Rev. R. F. Cobbold-Gentlemen, it may be a matter of surprise to some of you, as it was to myself, when I received notice of this meeting, to learn that until five minutes ago I had no idea whatever as to what the business was. Mr. Francis will pardon me if I express my entire disapproval of what he has said. It is true that some time before Mr. Wodehouse left I had a conversation with him, but I think he must have absolutely misunderstood what I said. Mr. Francis has just said entirely on his own authority that the result of the enquiry as far as it has gone is that there is nothing very serious the matter. That, gentlemen, is a point on which I absolutely disagree with him. I have no intention whatever of shirking the duty which, gentlemen, at your instigation and request, has been placed upon us by the Government. We cannot possibly pre-judge this question. Whatever our opinion may be at present as to the possible result at which we may arrive, I do not think we have any right whatever at the present moment to say that this Commission ought to cease to exist. (Applause.) It has been suggested that not long ago a Commission sat at home to enquire into very much the same kind of matters we have in hand, and that the result of their enquiry was practically nothing could be done. I believe it is partly upon that ground that it has been suggested that this Commission should cease, but, gentlemen, our conditions here are not the same as those at home. I do not say we shall

$

1

[XL]

not arrive at the result which Mr. Francis has so clearly sketched out to us, but this is not the question before us.

The Commission has been appointed with definite powers, definite scope, and it is our duty to continue it.

Mr. Francis-I would ask leave to say one word in explanation. If I conveyed the idea that there was any formal expression of opinion, I failed to express myself clearly, but communicating personally with Mr. Cobbold he distinctly expressed at the time his agreement with me. I have carefully perused Mr. May's evidence, as submitted to the Committee, and I am perfectly satisfied, and anybody who reads it over will be fully satisfied, that the Captain Superintendent of Police, who has immediate control of the licensed houses, coffee shops, and other public houses here, sees nothing that requires amendment, and is satisfied with the method of conducting the public houses. Mr. Browne, the Secretary, stated emphatically to myself and Captain Hastings, when talking the matter over the other day, that in the reports of the military and naval medical officers, in answer to questions submitted to them, that they had nothing whatever to complain of. All they said was that the men got too great a quantity of liquor, but as to the quality they had nothing to say.

The Rev. R. F. Cobbold--I am sure Mr. Francis will agree with me in this point that hearsay evidence is of no practical value. I have not seen the answers to questions formulated by the Commission, neither has Mr. Francis, and we are not in a position to say that there is no use for the Commission.

Dr. Stedman-I beg to second Mr. Francis' motion. I was appointed to the Commission in place of Dr. Hartigau, and I have had a lot of conversations with Mr. Browne on the subject, and he tells me emphatically and distinctly that he cannot by analysis detect any deleterious principles in the cheap whiskies and gins that are sold in this Colony; that the cheap whiskies and gins sold in this Colony are cheap because they are not natural spirits, but manufactured spirits, and, so far as he can tell, were manufactured with more or less pure proof spirit. Certain flavours are added to them, certain small proportions of whisky or gin, as the case may be, to give them a flavour, so that these manufactured spirits contain less fusel oil and far less furfuraldehyde than other expensive liquors. Mr. Browne has told me that in all these cheap whiskies he cannot find as much fusel oil, furfuraldehyde, and one or two other things, which are supposed to be injurious in newly-distilled whisky, as was found in much more expensive whisky, and further, that these cheap whiskies have been brought to him from these low grog shops in the town, and after analysing them and failing to find anything deleterious in them he has drunk these common cheap whiskies at his own table, and not only received no injury from them, but found them very much like the ordinary whisky, except that they had not the same amount of flavour. It seems to me it is entirely a matter of analysis; we are left entirely in the analyst's hands, and if the Commission were to investigate the spirits sold in this Colony and send them for analysis, and the analyst tells you beforehand that be cannot find anything deleterious in the liquor the whole thing must end in smoke.

Dr. Clark--I would just like to say that the statement we have heard from Dr. Stedman is a most important one, one which practically settles the question. We are receiving the statement of the Government Analyst at second hand, and I would like to suggest, Sir, prior to the dissolution of this Commission-Would it not be well if the Commission took the evidence of Mr. Browne on that point, and if necessary call another meeting of the Justices to hear at first hand the evidence of the Government Analyst?

Mr. Francis-In the present state there is no Commission. The question is whether the Government should re-constitute it. There are only two members of it-myself and Mr. Cobbold.

Dr. Clark-And these two members constitute the Commission.

Mr. Francis-No, a quorum consists of the Chairman and two other members.

Dr. Clark-I will move,-"That the Government be recommended to appoint the Acting Police Magistrate Chairman of this Commission, and that this meeting of the Justices begs to suggest to the Commission that they take the evidence of the Government Analyst upon the question as to whether it is possible by analysis to prove the deleteriousness or otherwise of cheap liquors sold in this Colony, and report the result of that evidence to a future meeting of the Justices." Then, Sir, we should be in a position to consider the question whether it is worth while to waste valuable time in taking further evidence. Until we get that, we have no evidence before us to justify the dissolution of the Commission.

Dr. Lowson seconded.

Mr. Francis withdrew his proposals in favour of Dr. Clark's resolution.

Dr. Clark's resolution was carried unanimously.

[ XLI ]

Appendix 9.

No. 784.

SIR,

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 28th March, 1898.

With reference to your letter No. 18 of the 25th instant, I am directed to inform you that His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government has been pleased to appoint you to be Chairman of the Commission recently appointed to enquire into and report on the sale of deleterious liquors in the Colony, in the place of Mr. WODEHOUSE, C.M.G.

Your appointment will be duly notified in the next issue of the Government Gazette.

Commander W. C. H. HASTINGS, R.N.,

Acting Police Magistrate.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

Appendix 10.

GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.--No. 356.

With reference to Government Notification No. 71 of 14th February, 1898, His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government in Executive Council has been pleased to appoint FREDERIC OSMUND STEDMAN, M.D., to be a Member of the Commission appointed thereunder.

By Command,

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

Colonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 6th August, 1898.

Appendix 11.

PRICES OF WINES AND SPIRITS (the cheap variety).

Free on Board Hamburg.

IN CASES.

per case

12/1 btls.

per case

per case

24/2 btls. 24 flasks.

484

per case

flasks.

plain. wired. plain. wired. plain. wired. plain.wired.

Brandy

50 under proof.............

Old Tom Gin

36

""

>>

Rum

25

3/6. 4/-. 5/-. 3/9. 4/3. 5/3. 4/-. 1/6. 5/6.

5/10. | 5/-.

5/10. 7/6. 8,8.

6/1. 5/3.

6/1.

79.

8/11.

6/4. 5/6.

6/4.

8/-.

9/2.

Whisky

Brandy

20

""

Geneva

27

Cherry Cordial

Cherry Brandy

Port Wine, Hambro'...

""

99

Sherry, Hambro'

Vermouth, French Vermouth, Italian

25

""

"

";

"

per case 12 btls. 1 liter each

12 2 imp. galls. 3j3.

4/3.

25

15

4

"

19

""

22

""

>>

6/3.

25

15

5

""

"

""

לי

""

7/3.

12

""

"}

quarts 4/-.

24 btls. pints 5j-.

12

5/3.

24

6/3.

27

>>

""

25

وو

"3

12

""

"

55

4/6.

24

**

"

5/6.

12

3/8.

24

48.

"

""

39

12

دو

""

4/6.

24

">

"1

5/6.

12

"

1 liter each 3/10. 24

liter each 4/4.

12

1

دو

2)

6/-. 24

""

7/-.

[ XLII ]

PRICES OF WINES AND SPIRITS,-Continued.

IN BULK.

Brandy 1 to 2 over proof.....{

32

Geneva

>>

Old Tom Gin

"2

وو

""

22

in hogsheads 1/4., in qr. casks 1/4. per imp..gall.

22

""

>>

1/7., 1/10.,

""

22

33

1/75. 1/10.

""

">

"

وو

""

""

""

22

extra.

21

29

Original French bogsheads 13 d., qr. casks 2 d.

in puncheons 1/5 in hogsheads 1/61⁄2.

>>

1/5

hogsheads 1/4

""

"

>>

""qr. casks

proof

Genuine Schiedam Hambro'

">

""

>>

""

""

"

22

Rum 35 to 40 over proof...

""

10

23

"

Port Wine, Hambro'...

"}

""

"

initated Jamaica.

13

double strength

""

1/7 1/10

""

* 37

"J

1/3

" puncheons 1/6

وو

دو

1/6 1/4. 1/7

""

>>

>>

39

>>

"

"

>>

1/103.

2 "}

23

>>

""

"

"

1/35.

21

""

"

hogsheads 1/64.

>>

per Pipe of 115 imp. galls. £ 8.15/-. Half Pipes or Butt 10,—

5.15/-.

27

38 degrees Sykes...

115

22

"}

""

""

38

115

""

""

17

27

>>

""

38

Butt 108

""

23

"

"}

""

""

5.15-.

per Pipe or Butt extra.

per l'ipe or Butt extra.

4. 5. (Quarter Pipes or Butts 20/—

Sherry, Hambro"

Free on board Glasgow.

PRICES OF SCOTCH WHISKIES.

The lowest price quoted by a Scotch firm of distillers for a well-known blend of 8 over-proof strength is 2/6 a gallon. The highest price quoted by the same firm for a high-class single whisky of I over-proof strength is 8/- a gallon.

COST OF MAKING ARTIFICIAL SPIRITS.

Brandy.-Brandy Essence 13/- ib.

Fifty ounces of this Essence added to 100 gallons of Proof Spirit (or Spirit of the desired strength) in which 4 tbs. of the best white sugar has been dissolved will produce 100 gallons of superior Brandy adding sufficient colouring matter (burnt sugar) to produce either Pale or Brown Brandy.

Rum.-Rum Essence 10,6 b.

One pint of this Essence added to 100 gallons of Proof Spirit (or Spirit of the desired strength)

forms unsweetened Rum of a superior quality.

Whisky.-Whisky Essence (Scotch or Irish) 22/-.

One pint of this Essence added to 100 gallons of Proof Spirit (or Spirit of the desired strength)

forms unsweetened Whisky of a superior quality.

The cost of white spirit of wine, of 60 over-proof strength, is about 60 cents a gallon free on board Hamburg.

[The remarks as to the superior quality of the artificial liquors produced by the essences are quoted from the price list of the vendors. These artificial liquors lack flavour, body, and aroma, as compared with genuine spirits.-Secretary.]

COST OF SAMSHU.

Leu Pun Chau,

5 cents a catty.

Sheung Ching Chau,...

7

""

""

Sam Ching Chau, Fa Chau,

.10

""

وو

وو

7

دو

:

'

M4

""

Appendix 12.

SAMSHU.

By FRANK BROWNE, Ph. Ch., F.C.S., Acting Government Analyst, Hongkong.

The term

Samshu is a name which is derived from the Chinese word Sam Shiu or thrice burnt. Samshu refers to that variety of Chinese liquor known as Sam Ching Chau or thrice-distilled liquor, but as now used it covers the three spirits known as Leu Pun Chau, Sheung Ching Chau, and Sam Ching Chau, all of which are obtained from rice. Moreover, the name Samshu is frequently loosely applied so as to include any spirit of Chinese production, such as beverages in which either Leu Pun Chau, Sheung

:

[ XLIII]

Ching Chau, or Sam Ching Chau forms a part, and also to the liquor known as Fa Chau,-a spirit obtained from molasses, and to the beverages prepared from Fa Chau; but in this report Samshu should be under- stood to mean only Leu Pun Chau, Sheung Ching Chau, and Sam Ching Chau,

There are three well-known varieties of samshu:-

1. Leu Pun Chau (half materials liquor) or Mei Chau (rice liquor).

2. Sheung Ching Chau or twice distilled liquor.

3. Sam Ching Chau or thrice distilled liquor.

These three kinds are not made by all distilleries; in several of the nine samshu distilleries in Hongkong only Leu Pun Chau is made.

LEU PUN CHAU.

To make Leu Pun Chau the chief beverage 180 catties of rice are mixed with 180 catties of water and the mixture is placed in an iron pan heated direct by means of a wood fire and boiled for half an hour. The softened rice is spread out on a large wooden tray placed at an angle so that the rice water drains away. The cooled rice is now put into twenty pots together with the rice water. To each pot is added one and a half catties of a substance known as Chau Pang together with 10 catties of water. Chau Pang is a substance composed of rice, bean flour, red earth, and leaves which are stated to be cassia leaves. It is imported from Canton, but it is manufactured in Honam. Chau Pang is usually in dry flat cakes about 8 inches square by 1 inch thick. An analysis showed that 100 parts contain :-

Moisture,......

Ash,

7.24

.44.01

Chau Pang is the fermenting material. It has no particular odour. The mixture of rice, Chau Pang, and water is allowed to stand for a period varying from 23 to 28 days, after which the contents of three pots are transferred to a still heated direct by means of wood. The still is composed of three parts.

1. A circular iron pan furnished with an iron cover in the centre of which is a large orifice. On the top of this perforated cover is

2. The Adapter which is merely a coil of cane plaited very thickly and closely so as to be impervious to moisture. Sometimes two or more Adapters are used. On the top of the Adapter is

3. The Condenser, which is a cylindrical metal apparatus greatly resembling an alembic with a reservoir above the upper surface of the alembic to contain water for cooling purposes. A piece of metal piping carries off the spirit which has been condensed and run down into the upturned inner rim of the alembic, while a much larger piece of piping serves to let out the water from the reservoir which serves as a con- denser (see figure).

The contents of the three pots having been put into the pan, a rope basket containing thick, crude, earth nut oil is situated on the Adapter by means of a piece of wood so as to swing in the orifice of the pan. This arrangement is to prevent bumping and spurting. The Condenser is then put in position, and the reservoir having been filled with water, the distillation commences. The weight of water in the Condenser keeps it firmly pressed on to the Adapter. Thirty catties of samshu are collected in about one and a half hours. The water in the Condenser is changed three times during this period, the hot water being run off completely from the bottom by the large pipe in a few seconds. The distillation being finished, the pan is almost emptied of its contents by means of a large ladie, three more pots of liquid are emptied into it, and another distillation proceeds. Thus it will be seen that to make 200 catties of Leu Pun Chau it is necessary to take-

Rice,

Chau Pang,

.180 catties.

30 catties.

To distil this quantity 200 catties of firewood are allowed.

SHEUNG CHING CHAU.

This liquid is a little stronger than Leu Pun Chau. It is made by placing in the still 3 pots of the usual fermented liquid and 10 catties of Leu Pun Chau and distilling 30 catties.

* One catty

pounds (Avoir.)

This liquid is the strongest samshu.

[ XLIV ]

SAM CHING CHAU.

It is made by placing in the still 3 pots of the usual fermented liquid and 30 catties of Leu Pun Chau, and distilling 30 catties.

COMPOSITION Of samshu.

The following table shows the nature of samshu. The ethers and higher alcohols were determined by the method as used by Beli in his investigations for the Select Committee on British and Foreign Spirits, 1891, as described in Appendix No. 4 of their report.

In 100 fluid parts of proof strength.

Description.

Strength of sample.

Total solids dried at 100°

C.in 100 fluid

Free acid as

parts.

acetic.

Compound ethers as acetic ether.

Higher Alcohols.

Leu Pun Chau, 1,

58.7 u.p.

.015

.279

.230

.032

Do.,

2,.

50.9 u.p.

.006

.127

.305

.034

Sheung Ching Chau, 1,...

53.5 u.p.

.035

.217

.231

.062

.Do.,

2,...

42.4 u.p.

.008

.123

.821

.035

Sam Ching Chau, 1,......

15.0 u.p.

.012

.078

.242

.034

Do..

2,

22.6 u.p.

.018

.073

.205

.068

All the samples contain a faint trace of furfuraldehyde.

The amount of compound ethers is noteworthy, but it is not a surprising amount considering the nature of the materials used for the production of Samshu.

The strength of Leu Pun Chau somewhat varies as will be seen from the following analyses :—

Sample.

Leu Pun Chau 1 1.......

2.......

Strength.

.58.7 u.p. ....50.9 u.p.

3......

4........

....52.2 u.p.

.......53.7 u.p.

5.......

6.........

.59.0 u.p. ..62.6 u.p.

Leu Pun Chau is the staple beverage and is preferred to the others which are not liked for habitual use on account of their greater strength in alcohol. Samshu is never diluted; when Sheung Ching Chau or Sam Ching Chau is drunk very small sips only are taken. Drunkenness is very uncommon amongst the Chinese. Many do not drink Samshu except on festival days. It is a common thing ou such occa- sions for some Chinese to drink a catty or even more of Leu Pun Chau without becoming intoxicated.

Samshu is a colourless liquid of characteristic odour. It may be defined as a spirit consisting of plain spirit or ethylic alcohol mixed with the bye-products derived from rice and Chau Pang. Leu Pun Chau and Sheung Ching Chau are usually slightly opalescent. The opalescence disappears when alcohol is added. It is usually stored in jars and it is said not to improve by keeping.

By mixing samshin with certain substances a number of well-known Chinese beverages are prepared. The names and composition of these liquors are as follows:-

Ching Mui Chau is composed of Leu Pun Chau, sour plums, and sugar.

Mau Kan Chau from Triticum repens, Leu Pun Chau, and sugar.

Chang Chau from oranges, Leu Pun Chau, and sugar.

Mui Kwai Chau from roses, Leu Pun Chau, and sugar.

Ka Pi Chau from Ka Pi (a bark used for rheumatism), Leu Pun Chau, and sugar.

Ning Mun Chau from limes, Leu Pun Chau, and sugar.

Muk Kwa Chau from paraws, Leu Pun Chau, and sugar.

PLUG,

TUB FOR WARM WATER.

WATER.

CONDENSER.

BOILER.

Section of Still.

Scale fo

Drawn by C. H. GALE.

FLEXIBLE ADA

05 CAND.

..

SPIRIT RECEIVER.

UND LEVEL.

[ XLV ]

OTHER LIQUORS.

Several distilleries are making a liquor known as Fa Chau. Of this 100 catties are prepared from :-

Molasses,

165 catties.

Tso Sui, (contents of pots for making Leu Pun Chau), 165

Of coal 90 cattios are allowed.

Two samples of Fa Chau were 41.5 u.p. and 38.9 u.p., respectively. Fa Chau is used for making several of the wines in which Leu Pun Chau is ordinarily used. Shüt Li Chau is made from Fa Chau and Tientsin pears.

No Mei Chau is a liquid of varied composition. Fa Chau is used for it together with No Mei or full-grown rice, or No Mei Chau is frequently sweetened Leu Pun Chau in the preparation of which No Mei or full-grown rice has been used. Shan Kut Chau is a wine prepared from Shan Kut―a very small hard bitter orange-and Fa Chau.

OTHER INDUSTRIES CARRIED ON BY SAMSHU MAKERS.

All distillers make sauce by converting Leu Pun Chau or Fa Chau into vinegar and adding the appropriate ingredients.

One distiller makes vinegar for the purpose of making white-lead as well as for sauce-making.

COST OF MATERIALS IN HONGKONG.

Labour.

Rice,

3.00 for 100 catties.

Chau Pang,

Firewood,

Coal,

$ 4.50 ""

$ 0.70

$10.00 a ton.

""

A coolie gets 42 cents for every 100 catties of samshu made.

PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION.

""

(See Table annexed).

COST TO CONSUMERS.

Samshu is a cheap beverage.

Leu Pun Chau

costs five

cents a catty.

Sheung Ching Chau

seven

:

""

"}

,,

One distiller makes vinegar for the purpose of making white-lead as well as for sauce-making.

COST OF MATERIALS IN HONGKONG.

Labour.

Rice,

Chau Pang,

Firewood,

$3.00 for 100 catties.

$ 4.50

$ 0.70

Coal,

""

""

..$10.00 a ton.

">

A coolie gets 42 cents for every 100 catties of samshu made.

PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION.

(See Table annexed).

COST TO CONSUMERS.

Samshu is a cheap beverage.

Leu Pun Chau

.costs five

cents a catty.

Sheung Ching Chau

seven

"7

:

Sam Ching Chau

ten

"

"}

Fa Chau

seven

>>

Ching Mui Chau

Mau Kan Chau.......

Chang Chau .....

Mui Kwai Chau

Ka Pi Chau

Ning Mun Chau

eight

eight

步步

""

eight

"

forty

>>

>>

thirty

""

>>

eight

}}

Muk Kwa Chau

Shüt Li Chau

eight

""

"

"}

eight

No Mei Chau..........

seven

>>

"

""

Shan Kut Chau

eight

""

A visit was paid to each distillery in order to observe the processes used and the quality of the mate- rials. The processes are practically the same in all. The rice in all factories is the cheapest kind, known as Choo Mei; in no case was it unsound. The Chau Pang was of good quality. The factories were kept

in a clean condition.

[ XLVI ]

Table showing the amounts of Chinese Liquors distilled in, imported into, sold in, and exported from Hongkong during 1897, by Chinese holders of Distillery Licences, and other particulars.

[It should be remembered that these Statistics refer only to the business done by Chinese holders of Distillery Licences. There are also 289 holders of Chinese Spirit Licences who sell, export, and import Chinese Liquors.] C. catty.

Amount of Chinese Liquor

distilled,

1,979,831 c. CONSISTING OF :—

Leu Pun Chau.

Sheung Ching Chau.

Sam Ching Chan.

Fa Chau,

895,930 c.

63,568 c.

12,986 c.

1,007,347 c.

Total of Chinese

Liquor distilled and imported.

1,979,831 c. + 20,300 c.

2,000,131 c.

Amount of Chinese Liquor imported,

20,300 c. of Leu Pun Chau.

2,011,885 c. cONSISTING OF :--

Leu Pun Chau,

Sheung Ching Chau.

Sum Ching Chau.

Fa Chau.

Amount of Chinese Liquor sold for export and local consumption,

634,279 c.

47,894 c.

11,800 c.

457,668 c.

Other Liquor prepared by means of Leu Pun Chau or Fa Chau.

860,244 c.

Amount of Chinese Liquor

sold locally.

323,057 c. CONSISTING OF :—

Leu Pun

Chau.

Amount of Chinese Liquor known to have been ex- ported,

Sheung Ching Ching Chau. Chau.

Sam

Fa

! Ching

Mui

Chau.

Shüt Li No Mei Chau.

Chau.

Chau.

Mui

Kwai

Chau.

Muk

Ning

Ka Pi Mau Kan Chau. Chan.

Chang

Kwa

Mun

Chau.

Received

Chau.

Chau.

by places.

Total.

[201,760c. 10,096 c. | 10,526 c.

1,000 c.

6,643 c.

371 c. 88,935 c. 1,444 c.

562 c.

1,330 c.

90c.

150 c.

150 c.

Australia received

8,454 c.

180 c.

1,569 c.

13,747 c. 1,062 c.)

966 c.

British North Borneo rc-

ceived

150 c.

100 c.

China received

201,760 c. 8,146 c.

820 c.

100 c.

4,400 c.

·

382 c.

382 c.

Sandwich Islands received.... Japan received

150c.

150 c. 26,128 c.

350 c.

215,126 c.

764c.

40,650 c.

1,800 c.

150c.

4,750 c.

33,800 c.

sell, export, and import Chinese Liquors.]

C.

catty.

1,979,831 c. CONSISTING OF :~

Total of Chinese Liquor distilled and imported.

Leu Pun Chau.

Sheung Ching Chau.

Sam Ching Chan.

Fa-Chan.

1,979,831 c.

+

20,300 c.

Amount of Chinese Liquor distilled,

895,930 c.

63,568 c.

12,986 c.

1,007,347 c.

2,000,131 c.

Amount of Chinese Liquor imported,

20,300 c. of Leu Pun Chau.

2,011,885 c. cONSISTING OF :-

Leu Pun Chan.

Sheung Ching Chan.

Sam Ching Chau.

Fa Chan.

Amount of Chinese Liquor sold for export and local consumption,

634,279 c.

47,894 c.

11,800 c.

457,668 c.

Other Liquor prepared by means of Leu Pun Chau or Fa Chan.

860,244 c.

Amount of Chinese Liquor

sold locally.

323,057 c. CONSISTING OF :—

Leu Pun

Sheung

Sam

Fa

Ching

Mui

Muk

Ning

Ching

Ching

Chau.

Chau.

Amount of Chinese Liquor

Chau.

Chau.

Mui

Chau.

Shüt Li No Mei Chau. Chau.

Kwai

Ka Pi Mau Kan

Chau.

Chang

Kwa

Mun

Chau.

Chau.

Received

Chau.

Chau.

Chau.

by places.

Total.

known to have been ex-

ported,

201,760c. 10,096 c.10,526 c. 1,000 c. 6,643 c.

371 c. 88,935 c.

1,444 c.

562 c.

1,330 c.

90 c.

150 c.

150 c.

Australia received

8,454 c.

180 c. 1,569 c.

:

13,747 c..

1,062 c.

966 c.

:

British North

Borneo re-

ceived

China received

201,760 c.

150 c.

8,146 c.

100 c.

100 c.

:

:

$20 c.

4,400 c.

382 c.

382 c.

Sandwich Islands received.

Japan received

1,800 c.

150c.

4,750c.

33,800 c.

150c.

Philippine Islands received.

202 c.

180c.

281 c.

787c.

180 c.

202 c.

Straits Settlements received

35,100 c.

150 c. 26,128 c.

350c.

215,126 c.

764c.

40,650 c.

1,832 c.

35,100c.

Peru received

United States of America received

960 c.

660 c.

144c.

90c.

1,001 c.

162 c.

90 c.

:

960 c.

2,147 c.

2,011,885 c.

323,057 c.

Amount of Fa Chan used by distillers for making Vinegar,

201,260 c.

1,688,828 c.

:

:

[ XLVII]

Appendix 13.

No. 18 or 1896.

An Ordinance enacted by the Governor of Hongkong, with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council thereof, to make better provision for the Sale of Food and Drugs in a pure state.

Titia.

LS

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

BR

[19th August, 1896.

E it enacted by the Governor of Hongkong, with the advice and consent of the Legislative

Council thereof, as follows:-

-----

1. This Ordinance may be cited as The Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance, 1896.

2. The term food, when used in this Ordinance, shall include every food or article used for food or drink by man, other than drugs or water.

The term drug, when used in this Ordinance, shall include medicine for internal or external use.

3. Any person who shall mix, colour, stain, or powder, or order or permit any other person to mix, colour, stain, or powder, any article of food with any ingredient or material so as to render the article injurious to health, with intent that the same may be sold in that state, and any person who shall sell any such article so mixed, coloured, stained, or powdered, shall be liable in every case, upon summary conviction before a Magistrate, to a fine not exceeding the sum of five hundred dollars and in default of payment of the said fine to imprisonment for a period not exceeding six months with or without hard labour.

4. Any person who shall mix, colour, stain, or powder, or order or permit any other person to mix, colour, stain, or powder, any drug with any ingredient or material so as to affect injuriously the quality or potency of such drug, with intent that the same may be sold in that state, and any person who shall sell any such drug so mixed, coloured, stained, or powdered, shall be liable in every case to the same punishment as prescribed in the preceding section of this Ordinance.

5. Provided that no person shall be liable to be convicted under either of the two last foregoing sections of this Ordinance in respect of the sale of any article of food, or of any drug, if he shows to the satisfaction of the Magistrate before whom he is charged that he did not know of the article of food or drug sold by him being so mixed, coloured, stained, or powdered as in either of those sectious mentioned, and that he could not with reasonable diligence have obtained that knowledge.

6. Any person who shall sell to the prejudice of the purchaser any article of food or any drug which is not of the nature, substance, or quality of the article demanded by such purchaser, shall be liable in every case, upon summary conviction before a Magistrate, to a fine not exceeding two hundred dollars and in default of payment of the said fine to imprisonment for a period not exceeding three months with or without hard labour; provided that an offence shall not be deemed to be committed under this section in the following cases; that is to

say:

(1) Where any matter or ingredient not injurious to health has been added to the food or drug because the same is required for the production or preparation thereof as an article of commerce, in a state fit for carriage or consumption, and not fraudulently to increase the bulk, weight, or measure of the food or drug, or conceal the inferior quality thereof;

(2) Where the drug or food is a proprietary medicine, or is the subject of a patent in force, and is supplied in the state required by the specification of the patent;

(3) Where the food or drug is unavoidably mixed with some extraneous matter in

the process of collection or preparation..

Short title.

Interpretation

of words. (38 & 39 Vic. c. 63, s. 2.)

Prohibition against the mixture of food with injurious ingredients and against selling when

so mixed. (Ibid, s. 3.)

Prohibition

against the mixing of injurious ingredients with drugs and against selling tho mixture.

(Ibid, s. 4.)

Exemption in case of proof of absence of knowledge. (Ibid, s. 5.)

Prohibition against the sale of articles of food and drugs not of the proper nature, substance, or quality.

(Ibid, s. 6.)

:

In sale of adulterated

articles no

defence to

allege pur- chase for analysis.

(42 & 43 Vic.

c. 30, s. 2.)

Penalty on Pale of compounded tood or drug.

(3% & 39 Vic.

c. €3, p. 7.)

Protection

from offence

by giving of label. (Ibid, s. 8.)

Prohibition against the abstraction of any part of an article of food

before sale,

and selling without notice.

(Ibid, 8. 9.)

Power to purchaser or seller of food or

drug to have it analysed.

(Ilid, s. 19.)

Oflicer named to obtain a sample of

10od or drug

to submit to analyst. (Ibid, s. 19.)

Provision for

dealing with the sample when purchased.

(Ibid, s. 14.)

frovision when sumple is not divided.

(Ibid, s. 15.)

Person refusing to

well any

:rticle to any officer liable

to pentity.

(Ibid, s. 17.) (42 & 43 Vic. c. 30, s. 3.)

[ XLVIII]

7. In any prosecution under the provisions of this Ordinance for selling to the prejudice of the purchaser any article of food or any drug which is not of the nature, substance, and quality of the article demanded by such purchaser, it shall be no defence to any such prosecution to allege that the purchaser, having bought only for analysis, was not prejudiced by such sale. Neither shall it be a good defence to prove that the article of food or drug in question, though defective in nature or in substance or in quality, was not defective in all these respects.

8. Any person, who shall sell any compound article of food or compounded drug which is not composed of ingredients in accordance with the demand of the purchaser, shall be liable in every case, upon summary conviction before a Magistrate, to a fine not exceeding two hundred dollars and in default of payment of the said fine to imprisonment for a period not exceeding three inonths with or without hard labour.

9. Provided that no person shall be guilty of any such offence as aforesaid in respect of the sale of an article of food or a drug mixed with any matter or ingredient not injurious to health, and not intended to fraudulently increase its bulk, weight, or measure, or conceal its inferior quality, if at the time of delivering such article or drug he shall supply to the person receiving the same a notice, by a label distinctly and legibly written or printed on or with the article or drug, to the effect that the same is mixed.

10. Any person who shall, with the intent that the same may be sold in its altered state without notice, abstract from an article of food any part of it so as to affect injuriously its quality, substance, or nature, and any person who shall sell any article so altered without making disclosure of the alteration, shall be liable in every case, upon summary conviction before a Magistrate, to a fine not exceeding two hundred dollars and in default of payment of the said fine to imprisonment for a period not exceeding three months with or without hard labour. Any person selling "skimmed milk" to a purchaser demanding "milk” shall be liable to the same punishment.

11. Any purchaser or seller of an article of food or of a drug shall be entitled, upon payment of the sum of five dollars to the Government analyst or to any analyst appointed by the Governor for the purposes of this Ordinance, to have such article analyzed by such analyst, and to receive from him a certificate of the result of his analysis.

12. Any inspector of nuisances, or inspector of weights and measures, or inspector of markets, or any police coustable acting under the written instructions of the Secretary to the Sanitary Board or of the Captain Superintendent of Police or of the Medical Officer of Health may, at the cost of the Government, procure any sample of food or drugs, and, if he suspect the same to have been sold to him contrary to any provision of this Ordinance, shall submit the same to be analysed by the Government analyst or by some analyst appointed by the Governor for the purposes of this Ordinance, and such aualyst shall, upon receiving payment as is provided in the last section, with all convenient speed analyse the same, and shall give a certificate to such officer, wherein he shall specify the result of the analysis.

13. Any person purchasing any article with the intention of submitting the same for analysis shall, after the purchase shall have been completed, forthwith notify to the seller or his agent selling the article his intention to have the same analysed by the Government analyst or by some other analyst appointed by the Governor for the purposes of this Ordinance, and shall offer to divide the article into three parts to be then and there separated, and each part to be marked and sealed or fastened up in such manner as its nature will permit, aud shall, if required to do so, proceed accordingly, and shall deliver one of such parts to the seller or his agent.

He shall retain one of the said parts for future comparison and shall himself submit the third part, if he deems it right to have the article analysed, to the analyst.

14. If the seller or his agent do not accept the offer of the purchaser to divide the article purchased in his presence, the analyst receiving the article for analysis shall divide the same into two parts, and shall seal or fasten up one of those parts and shall cause it to be delivered, either upon receipt of the sample or when he supplies the certificate to the purchaser, and the purchaser shall retain the same for production in case proceedings shall afterwards be taken in the matter.

15. If any such inspector or constable as described in section 12 hereof, acting under such written instructions as therein mentioned, shall apply to purchase any article of food or any drug exposed to sale, or on sale by retail in any premises, shop or stores, or in any street or place, and shall tender the price for the quantity which he shall purchase for the

f

i

I

;

4

:

:

!

[ XLIX]

2

+

?

purpose of analysis, not being more than shall be reasonably requisite, and the person exposing the same for sale shall refuse to sell the same to such inspector or constable, such person shall be liable, upon summary conviction before a Magistrate, to a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars, and in default of payment of the said fine to imprisonment for a period not exceeding two months with or without hard labour.

16. The certificate of the analysis shall be in the form set forth in the schedule to this Ordinance or to the like effect.

17. The Government analyst and every analyst appointed by the Governor for the purposes of this Ordinance shall report quarterly to the Colonial Secretary and to the Secretary to the Sanitary Board the number of articles analysed by him under this Ordinance, and shall specify the result of every analysis, and such report shall be published by the Colonial Secretary in the Government Gazette.

18. When the analyst having analysed any article shall have given his certificate of the result, from which it may appear that an offence against some one of the provisions of this Ordinance has been committed, the person causing the analysis to be made or if such person reglects to do so the Secretary to the Sanitary Board may take summary proceedings before a Magistrate in respect of such offence.

19. At the hearing of the charge in such proceeding the production of the certificate of the analyst shall be sufficient evidence of the facts therein stated, unless the defendant shall require that the analyst shall be called as a witness, and the parts of the articles retained by the person who purchased the article shall be produced, and the defendant may, if he think fit, tender himself and his wife to be examined on his behalf, and he or she shall, if he so desire, be examined accordingly.

20. The Magistrate before whom any complaint may be made under this Ordinance, or the Court before whom any case may be reheard, may, upon the request of either party, in his or its discretion cause any article of food or drug to be sent for analysis either to the Government analyst or to some analyst appointed by the Governor for the purposes of this Ordinance, and such analyst shall thereupon give a certificate to such Magistrate or Court of the result of such analysis: aud the expense of such analysis shall be paid by the complainant or the defendant as the Magistrate or Court may by order direct.

21. In any prosecution under this Ordinance, when the fact of an article having been sold in a mixed state has been proved, if the defendant shall desire to rely upon any exception or provision contained in this Ordinance, it shall be incumbent upon him to prove the same. 22. If the defendant iu any prosecution under this Ordinance prove to the satisfaction of the Magistrate or Court that he had purchased the article in question as the same in nature, substance, and quality as that demanded of him by the prosecutor, and with a written warranty to that effect, that he had no reason to believe at the time when he sold it that the article was otherwise, and that he sold it in the same state as when he purchased it, he shall be discharged from the prosecution.

23. Any person who shall forge, or shall utter knowing it to be forged for the purposes of this Ordinance, any certificate or any writing purporting to contain a warranty, shall be guilty of a misdemeanour and shall be punishable on conviction before the Supreme Court by imprisonment for a period not exceeding two years with or without hard labour.

Every person who shall wilfully apply to an article of food, or a drug, in any proceedings under this Ordinance, a certificate of warranty given in relation to any other article or drug, shall be guilty of an offence under this Ordinance, aud be liable, upon summary conviction before a Magistrate, to a fine not exceeding two hundred dollars and in default of payment thereof to imprisonment for a period not exceeding three months with or without hard labour.

Every person who shall give a false warranty in writing to any purchaser in respect of an article of food or a drug sold by him as principal or agent, shall be guilty of an offence under this Ordinance, and be liable, on summary conviction before a Magistrate, to a fine not exceeding two hundred dollars and in default of payment thereof to imprisonment for a period not exceeding three months with or without hard labour.

Every person who shall wilfully give a label with any article sold by him, which shall falsely describe the article sold, shall be guilty of an offence against this Ordinance and be liable, upon summary conviction before a Magistrate, to a fine not exceeding two hundred dollars and in default of payment thereof to imprisonment for a period not exceeding three anonths with or without hard labour.

From of the certificate. (Ibid, s. 18.)

Quarterly report of analyst. (Ibid, s. 19.)

Proceedings against uffenders. (Ilil, s. 20. )

Certificate of analyst to ba prima facie evidence for the prosecu- tion, but analyst to bres called if required. (Ibal, e. 21.)

Power to Court or Magistrate

to have article of food er drug analysed. (Ibül, s. 22.)

In any prose- cution defendant to prove that he is protected by exception or provision. (Ibid, s. 24.) Defendant to be discharged if he prove that he bought the article in the same state as sold and with a warranty. (Ibid, s. 25.)

Punishment for forging certificate or warranty. (Ibid, s. 27.)

For wilful misapplica- tion of Warranty;

For false warranty;

For false

label:

Proceedings

by indictment and contracts not to he affected.

(Ibid, s. 28.)

The Governor

To have power

to appoint

analysts for

purposes of

this Ordinance.

Special

provision as to time for and

notice of

proceedings. (Ibid, s. 10.)

Forfeiture and destruction of

article of food

or drug.

(See 23 of 1890,

· 4. 4.)

[L]

24. Nothing in this Ordinance contained shall affect the power of proceeding by indictment, or take away any other reinedy against any offender under this Ordinance, or in any way interfere with contracts and bargains between individuals and the rights and remedies belonging thereto.

of

Provided that in any action brought by any person for a breach of contract on the sale any article of food or of any drug, such person may recover alone or in addition to any other damages recoverable by him the amount of any penalty in which he may have been convicted under this Ordinance, together with the costs incurred by him in and about his defence thereto, if he prove that the article or drug, the subject of such conviction, was sold to him as and for an article or drug of the same nature, substance, and quality as that which was demanded of him, and that he purchased it not knowing it to be otherwise, and afterwards sold it in the same state in which he purchased it; the defendant in such action being nevertheless at liberty to prove that the conviction was wrongful or that the amount of costs claimed is unreasonable.

25. The Governor shall have power, upon receiving such evidence as to fitness as he shall in his absolute discretion deem sufficient, to appoint any person under his hand to be an analyst for the purposes of this Ordinance. Such an appointment shall be published in the Government Gazette, and the production of such Gazette containing a notice of such appointment shall be sufficient evidence of such appointment in any Court of law.

26. In all prosecutions under this Ordinance, and notwithstanding the provisions of section eighteen hereof, the summons to appear before a Magistrate shall be served upon the person charged with violating the provisions of this Ordinance within a reasonable time, and, in the case of a perishable article, not exceeding twenty-eight days from the time of the purchase from such person for test purposes of the food or drug, for the sale of which in contravention to the terms of this Ordinance the seller is rendered liable to prosecution, and particulars of the offence or offences against this Ordinance of which the seller is accused, and also the name of the prosecutor, shall be stated on the summons, and the summons shall not be made returnable in a less time than seven days from the day it is served upon the person summoned.

27. It shall be lawful for any Court or Magistrate to order the destruction of any article of food or drug in connection with which an offence is proved to have been committed under this Ordinance.

Passed the Legislative Council of Hongkong, this 5th day of August, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY,

Acting Clerk of Councils.

Assented to by His Excellency the Governor, the 19th day of August, 1896.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

SCHEDULE.

FORM OF CERTIFICATE.

To (1)

a sample of

I, the undersigned, do hereby certify that I received on the

from a

day of

18

3

), and

for analysis (which then weighed have analysed the same, and declare the result of my analysis to be as follows:-

I am of opinion that the same is a sample of genuine

or,

I am of opinion that the said sample contained the parts as under, or the percentages of foreign

ingredients as under.

Observations

As witness my hand this

day of

(1) Here insert the name of the person submitting the article for analysis.

A.B.,

Analyst.

(2) Here insert the name of the person delivering the sample.

(3) When the article cannot be conveniently weighed, this passage may be erased, or the blank may be left untilled. (4) Here the analyst may insert at his discretion his opinion as to whether the mixture (if any) was for the purpose of rendering the article pota le, or palatable, or of preserving it, or of improving the appearance, or was unavoidable, and may state whether in excess of what is ordinary, or otherwise, or whether the ingredients or materials mixed are or are not injurious to health.

In the case of a certificate regarding milk, butter, or any article liable to decomposition, the analyst shall specially report whether any change had taken place in the constitution of the article that would interfere with the analysis.

i

[LI]

APPENDIX 14.

No. 21 or 1886.

An Ordinance entitled The Spirit Licences Ordinance, 1886.

[11th June, 1886.]

*

*

*

*

**

**

*

*

*

*

1. This Ordinance may be cited as The Spirit Licences Ordinance, 1886.

2. In this ordinance, unless the context indicates the contrary :—

Adjunct licence shall mean the licence granted under this ordinance to hotel-keepers, restaurateurs, or confectioners, for the retail sale of intoxicating liquors as an adjunct to their respective businesses without keeping a public bar.

Adulterated liquor shall mean any liquor mixed or coloured to the prejudice of the purchaser with any ingredient whatever, or with water, either so as to increase its bulk and measure, or so as injuriously to affect the quality of such liquor, or to conceal its inferior quality, or any liquor which is not virtually of the nature and quality demanded by the purchaser, or of the liquor which it is labelled as being or purporting to be, whether such adulterated liquor be injurious to health or not. Spirits shall not be considered adulterated if mixed with water only so as not to reduce the strength more than twenty-five degrees. below proof in the case of brandy, whisky or rum, or more than thirty degrees below proof in the case of gin.

Chinese spirits shall mean the intoxicating liquors commonly known as samshu. Gallon shall mean an imperial gallon, or, if the liquor be in bottles, six reputed quart

bottles, or twelve reputed pint bottles.

Grocer's licence shall mean a licence to sell intoxicating liquors by the bottle, such

liquors not to be consumed on the premises.

Intoxicating liquor shall include spirits, malt liquor, and any wine or other fermented

liquor whatever.

Pint bottle and quart bottle shall mean the reputed pint and quart bottles ordinarily

used in commerce.

Public house shall mean any house or place of entertainment where intoxicating liquors are sold by retail aud may be consumed on the premises, but shall not include any place of entertainment kept under an adjunct licence.

Retail sale shall mean the sale of liquors in less quantities than two gallons as above

defined.

Spirit shop shall mean any shop licensed to retail Chinese spirits not to be consumed

on the premises.

Wholesale licence shall mean a licence to sell intoxicating liquors by the unopened cask or case, in quantities not less than two gallons of one liquor at one time, such liquors not to be consumed on the premises.

Distilleries.

3. No person shall make, distil, or rectify any spirits, or shall knowingly keep or have in his possession any still or other utensil, or apparatus for distilling or making or rectifying spirits, without a licence under this ordinance.

It shall be lawful for the Colonial Secretary to issue a licence free of all charge to any apothecary, chemist, or druggist applying for the same, to keep and use on his premises, a still of not more than eight gallons contents for the purpose of his trade only, provided that every person wishing to keep such still shall notify his intention so to do to the said Colonial Secretary, who shall thereupon required such person to give a bond with two suf- ficient sureties in the sum of one thousand dollars, that he will not make use of such still, or suffer it to be made use of except for the preparation of medicines or other articles re- quired bona fide for medical purposes, and every such person found to have such still without having entered into such bond and obtained such licence, shall be deemed to be guilty of an offence under this ordinance.

Title.

Interpreta- tion of terms.

Unlicensed distilling prohibited. (8 of 11. ani 3 of 69.]

Apothecaries. chemists ani druggists may have stills of eight gallons

contents. [Ord. 8 of 1844 section 3.

Licences to

distil.

3 of 69.]

Adulterated liquors.

[38 & 39 V. c. 63, s. 5.]

Unlicensed

sale prohibit-

હે.

[11 of 44, 1.]

Wholesale

and retail sale.

[Sec 11 of 44. 2-1.3

Temporary Licences.

Application

for licence. (11 of 44. 3.]

Sessions.

I of 44. 4.]

Disagreement of Justices. 11 of 44. 4.]

Applicants reignisances, ¡H of 44, 5]

[ LII]

4. The Colonial Secretary may issue licences to distil in the form of schedule A, on each of which licences an annual fee of one hundred and twenty dollars shall be payable in advance. Such conditions as the Governor in Council may from time to time determine may be added to such licences. Every licensed distiller may sell by wholesale the liquors

he distils.

5. Any person who shall distil, make, import, sell, dispose of, or deal in any adulterated intoxicating liquor shall be guilty of an offence against this ordinance, and if such adulter- ated liquor be injurious to health he may, on a second conviction, be sentenced to imprison- ment with or without hard labour for a period not exceeding six months besides any other penalties to which he may be liable under this ordinance.

No person shall be convicted under this section if he shows to the satisfaction of the Magistrate before whom he is charged that he did not know that the liquor sold by him was adulterated, and that he could not have known it with any reasonable diligence.

Sale of intoxicating liquors.

6. No person shall sell or dispose of, or advertise or expose for sale any intoxicating liquor either by wholesale or retail within the Colony, or shall permit or suffer any such intoxicating liquor to be sold or disposed of or advertised or exposed for sale in his house or other place within the Colony without a licence under this ordinance. The delivery of any intoxicating liquors shall be taken, in any proceeding under this ordinance, to be primá facie evidence that money or other consideration was given for the same.

7. The holder of a retail or grocer's licence may also sell intoxicating liquors whole- sale, but no person shall sell intoxicating liquors by retail without a licence to that effect, and this section shall apply to all retail sales of liquor to any person on pretence that he is a customer for other goods, as well as to all sales of quantities exceeding two gallons with an understanding that part is to be returned, and generally, to any act whatever which, under whatsoever pretence, constitutes a retail sale of intoxicating liquor.

8. The Colonial Secretary may at any time issue temporary licences for the sale of liquors at any public entertainment or on any public occasion on payment of such fee in each case as to the Governor shall seem fit.

Public house, and adjunct licences.

9. Every person desirous of obtaining a publican's or adjunct licence shall give ten days' notice to the Magistrates in the form of schedule B or C according to the nature of the licence required.

10. The Magistrates, or either of them, may from time to time appoint a day for the granting or transferring of licences, which shall be advertised in the Government Gazette and a public newspaper at least one week previously, and the said Magistrates, or either of them, with the assistance of such other Justices of the Peace as may attend on the said day, shall take into consideration all applications which may have been made for licences for the sale of liquors within the Colony, and the presiding Magistrate may adjourn the con- sideration of all or any of such applications to any other lawful day.

11. Every application for the grant or transfer of a licence shall be decided by a majo- rity of votes of the Justices present, in the case of equality the presiding Magistrate shall, in addition to one original vote, have a casting vote. Provided however that in case of any applicant being dissatisfied with the order of the Justices or the majority thereof, it will be lawful for the Governor in Council to alter and amend the order, on the petition of the dissatisfied party.

12. Every applicant for a licence, who may be approved by the Justices assembled as above, shall enter into a recognizance in the form of schedule D or E according to the nature of the licence he requires, whereupon the Magistrate shall deliver to him a certificate in the form of schedule F or G according to the nature of his application; and the Magis- trate shall, within ten days, transmit to the Treasurer a return of all such certificates as may have been granted in the form of schedule H to this ordinance.

I

¿

[ LIII]

13. The applicant may, within fourteen days from the date of such certificate, lodge it in the Treasury together with the fee provided by schedule P to this ordinance, whereupon the Treasurer shall issue to him a licence in the form of schedule I or J according to the nature of the licence for which the certificate is granted, such licence to be called a public house licence in the one case, or an adjunct licence in the other.

14. Every public house or adjunct licence shall be valid only until the 30th of November next following the date on which it is granted: always provided that where this period is less than a year a proportionate part only of the aforesaid fee shall be charged, to which, (except in the case of the transfer of a licence) ten per cent shall be added.

15. The Magistrates shall keep a record of all recognizances entered into under section 12, and the Treasurer shall keep a record of all licences issued under section 13 of this ordi-

nance.

16. The presiding Magistrate and Justices at their meetings hereinbefore provided for may transfer, in the form of schedule K, any public house licence or adjunct licence to the nominee of the original holder of such licence, such nominee making like application, receiving a like certificate, and entering into like recognizances as if applying for a licence on his own behalf.

17. In case of the death or insolvency of any person holding a public house licence or adjunct licence under this ordinance, the executor, or administrator, or trustees of such licensee may carry on the business of such licensed house until the expiration of the licence, subject to all the same regulations as the original licensee. And such executor, adminis- trator, or trustees shall enter into new recognizances under this ordinance.

18. The Justices may permit the business licensed under a public house or adjunct licence to be removed to other premises if they shall be satisfied that the application to remove such business (which shall be by written memorial) may reasonably be granted. The licensee shall enter into new recognisances, and shall receive a new certificate entitling him to a new licence for the remainder of his term on payment of a fee of five dollars.

19. Every licensed publican or adjunct licensee shall have his full name painted in legible letters at least three inches long, with the words Licensed to retail wines and spirits, constantly and permanently remaining, and plainly to be seen and read, on some conspicuous part of his house, and no person not actually holding a public house licence or adjunct licence (except the keeper of a spirit shop as hereinafter provided) shall keep up any sign, writing, painting, or other mark, which may imply or give reasonable cause to believe that his premises are licensed for retail or barter of intoxicating liquors, or that such liquors are sold, served, or retailed therein.

20. The business of every licensed publican or adjunct licensee shall be carried on subject to the following regulations :--

(1.) No liquor shall be sold or drunk on the premises licensed except between such hours as the Magistrate shall enter on the certificate to be granted under clause 12.

(2.) No disorder shall be permitted on the premises.

(3.) No person shall be allowed to become drunk on the premises, nor shall liquor be

supplied to any person who is drunk.

(4.) No game of chance shall be played on the premises.

(5.) A decent and suitable privy and urinal shall be maintained in a state of clean-

liness and good repair for the use of customers.

(6.) The licensee shall not abandon the occupation of his house, or permit any other

person to become virtually the keeper thereof.

(7.) The licensee shall not employ any person to sell or dispose of any liquors ont- side of his licensed premises, nor shall he allow or suffer any liquors to be so disposed of on his account.

21. When any licensed publican or adjunct licensee shall be charged with any offence under this ordinance and shall not appear to answer to such charge, it shall be lawful for any Magistrate to order that the recognizance of such licensed publican or adjunct licensee be forfeited until his appearance, and in case any licensed publican or adjunct licensee be twice convicted of any offence under this ordinance, it shall be lawful for the Magistrate to

Fee. Licare. {1} of 44.7.

Period of licence. [10 of 69)

Records.

Transfer of licences. [1 of 44. 9.

Death or insolvency I licepsec. [11 of 14. 10.]

Rem: of business.

(11 of 1844. 11.

Sign. Produc- tion of licence. [11 of 44. 13.)

Regulations. ¡Sec. 11 of 44. 13 and #⚫hedule.}

Forfeiture of recognisance (11 of 44. 15.

Action on Recount of

liquors.

[1 of 44. 17.0

Taking

pledzes.

11 of 44. 16.7

Measures.

11 of 44. 19.]

Suspected premises.

11 of 11.35.)

Drinking in unlicensed place.

11 of 44, 36.]

j'ayment of workmen,

11 of 44, 37.)

Wholesale and

grocers'

licences,

How obtained,

Power to

make rules.

Chinese spirit shops.

Til of 44.

27-30.]

[ LIV ]

order, on the second conviction, that any fine imposed on such offender, not exceeding the amount of his recognisances, be paid by his sureties.

22. No licensed publican shall maintain any action for, or recover any debt or demand on account of liquors, unless such debt shall bona fide have been contracted at one time to the amount of five dollars or upwards, nor shall any item in any account for liquors be allowed where the liquors bona fide delivered at one time shall not amount to the full sum of five dollars, nor shall any amount of debt whatsoever incurred by any seaman or soldier in Her Majesty's service for liquors be allowed: provided always that nothing herein contained shall extend to prevent innkeepers from keeping an account with lodgers and travellers, in which any charge for liquors may be included, and recovering the amount thereof in a Court of Justice.

23. No licensed person shall take or receive in payment or pledge for liquor or any entertainment whatever supplied in or out of his house any article or thing whatever ex- cept money.

24. Every licensed publican or adjunct licensee shall sell and dispose of his liquors by the measures legalised in this Colony and not otherwise, except when the quantity is less than half a pint, or except when the liquor is sold in bottles, and shall also measure such liquor in the presence of any customer who may require him to do so.

25. If any person be convicted of unlawfully retailing any intoxicating liquor, the house and premises of such person, and the house, lodging, shop, or warehouse where such offence shall have been committed, and any court or yard connected therewith, shall be liable to be searched at any time of the day or night, by any Police officer, with or without warrant, for six months next after such conviction, provided that the same or any part thereof shall be occupied by the person so convicted.

26. Whenever any Police officer shall find any person drinking in any place in which any intoxicating liquor shall be sold or disposed of by retail, and the licence for such sale shall not on demand be produced to such Police officer, it shall be lawful for such Police officer to apprehend all such persons so found drinking there; and every such person so found drinking shall, upon conviction before any Magistrate, forfeit and pay for every such offence a sum not exceeding twenty dollars, unless such person shall inform against such unlicensed person or voluntarily become a witness against him, in respect of such act of selling and retailing.

27. No master or other person employing journeymen, workmen, servants, or labourers, shall pay or cause any payment to be made to any such journeyman, workman, or labourer in or at any house in which any intoxicating liquor is sold by retail.

Wholesale and Grocer's licences. Spirit shops.

28. Every person desirous of obtaining a wholesale or a grocer's licence to sell intoxi- cating liquors shall apply to the Colonial Secretary, who may in his discretion grant to the applicant a licence in the form of schedule L or M according to the nature of his application, on production of a receipt from the Treasurer for a fee of one hundred and twenty dollars. Such licence may be renewed annually on like conditions.

29. It shall be lawful for the Governor in Council from time to time to make, alter, amend and repeal regulations and conditions for the granting of wholesale and grocer's licences. Such conditions may require the providing by applicants of one or more sureties, may alter the above scale of fees, may regulate the times of commencement and expiry of such licences, the hours and conditions of sale, and all other matters connected with such licences. All such regulations when published in the Government Gazette shall have the force of law.

30. The Colonial Secretary may grant a licence in the form of schedule N to any person to retail Chinese spirits, such Chinese spirits not to be consumed on the premises. where they are sold, and the holder of such licence shall exhibit conspicuously and perma- nently in front of his licensed place of business his name and number and the nature of such licence, on a sign, the size and design of which shall be approved by the Colonial Se- cretary, and the fee of ten dollars monthly shall be paid in advance by each licensee to the

1

>

i

"

یا

Treasurer.

schedule O.

[LV]

The Colonial Secretary may permit the transfer of any such licence in form of

Eating houses.

31. No person, unless licensed to retail intoxicating liquors or Chinese spirits under this ordinance, shall keep an eating house, refreshment bar or saloon, restaurant, or other place where meals or refreshments are supplied to persons not resident on the premises, without a licence from the Colonial Secretary, for which licence a fee of ten dollars a year shall be payable in advance. Such conditions as the Governor in Council may determine may be added to any licence granted under this section.

32. No person licensed under the preceding section shall knowingly or wilfully permit drunkenness or other disorderly conduct in his house or other place of entertainment, or knowingly suffer any unlawful games or gaming therein, or knowingly permit or suffer any public prostitute to frequent such house or other place or to remain therein.

Police inspection. Search.

33. When information upon each shall be laid before any Magistrate to the effect that any illicit distillation or rectification or illegal sale of intoxicating liquors is carried on within any building or on board of any vessel in the Colony, it shall be lawful for such Magistrate by a warrant under his hand to empower any officer of Police to enter such building or vessel at any hour of the night or day, using force that purpose if necessary, and to make search for any stills, parts of stills, or intoxicating liquors which may be found there, and to arrest any persons who may appear to have committed or to be attempting to commit any offence against this ordinance.

Every person licensed under this ordinance shall produce his licence to any Police officer on being required thereto.

Any officer of Police shall have free access to every part of any house licensed under section 13 or 31 of this ordinance at any hour of the night or day.

Penalties and their recovery.

34. For every offence against this ordinance not otherwise provided for, there shall be payable for a first offence a fine not exceeding three hundred dollars, and for a second offence a fine not exceeding six hundred dollars. And all intoxicating liquors, stills, or parts thereof with respect to which any offence against this ordinance may have been com- mitted, as well as the vessels or packages which contain them, may be forfeited, as also any boat or vessel of less than fifteen tons burden in which such intoxicating liquors or stills or parts of stills may be found.

35. Offences against this ordinance shall be considered to be :-

Eating Houses.

Disorder int eating houses. [2 & 3 Vic. c. 17. s. 44.j

Fines and forfeiture.

Offences defined.

:

(1.) Refusal, neglect, or omission to do any act commanded by this ordinance.

(2.) Refusal to permit, or obstruction of any such act. (3.) The doing of any act forbidden by this ordinance.

(4.) On the part of a licensed publican, adjunct licensee, or keeper of a spirit shop,

any breach of the terms of his licence or recoguisance.

36. On the conviction of any licensed person for a second offence against this ordi- nance the Magistrate may order his licence to be forfeited, in addition to any other penalties hereinhefore provided.

37. All penalties for offences against this ordinance may be recovered in a summary way before a Magistrate, but proceedings for the recovery of such penalties shall be com- menced within six months after the offence was committed.

38. One-half or a less portion of any fine levied under this ordinance may be paid to

the informer.

Forfeiture of licence. [See. 11 of 44. 30.0

Recovery o penalties.

Awards to informers. [11 of 44. 32.]

Power to make rules.

Commence- ment of ordinance.

[ LVI ]

Power to make rules.

39. The Governor in Council may from time to time make, alter, and repeal rules consistent with this ordinance for the better carrying out of the same. All such rules shall be published in the Gazette, and when so published shall have the force of law.

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

41. This ordinance shall take effect on a day to be hereafter proclaimed by the Gov-

ernor.

SCHEDULES.

(A.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Distillery licence, (Sec. 4.)

dollars paid by

In consideration of the fee of

I hereby license him to have

stills of

gallons capacity at

and to

18

distil spirits therewith and to sell such spirits by wholesale from this date until

Hongkong,

188

(B.)

Name of applicant

Nationality

Licensed house to be at No.

Its name or sign to be

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Application for publican's licence, (Sec. 9.)

address

Has hold a licence

+

years.

Street.

Sureties

and

of

of

Colonial Secretary.

To the Magistrates.

I give notice that I intend to apply at the next licensing meeting to Her Majesty's Justices of the Peace, for a licence to sell and retail intoxicating liquors, in the house and appurtenances thereunto belong- ing above named, which I intend to keep as inn or public-house.

Hongkong,

188

We, the undersigned householders residing at Victoria in the said Colony, certify that the above-named applicant is a person of good fame and reputation, and fit and proper to be licensed to keep an inn or public-

house.

1.-

2.

(C.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Application for adjunct licence, (Sec. 9.)

Name of applicant

Nationality

address

Has held a licence

years.

Licensed house to be at No.

Street.

,

Other business carried on

Suretics

and

of

of

To the Magistrates.

I give notice that it my intention to apply at the next licensing meeting for a licence to sell and retail intoxicating liquors, in any quantity under two gallons at one time, in the house and appurtenances

*

[ LVII]

thereunto belonging above named, as an adjunct to the business which I am carrying on in the said house and premises.

Hongkong,

188

We, the undersigned householders, certify that the above named applicant is a person of good fame and reputation, and fit and proper to be licensed for the sale of intoxicating liquors as aforesaid.

1.-

2.-

3.-

COLONY OF

(D.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886. Publican's recognisance, (Sec. 12.)

HONGKONG Be it remembered, that on the

TO WIT.

called the licensee and

day of

188.

hereinafter

and

hereinafter

called the sureties came personally before me, a Magistrate in the Colony of Hongkong, aui acknowledged themselves to owe to our Lady the Queen, to wit, the said licensee the sum of three hundred dollars, and the said sureties each the sum of three hundred dollars of lawful current dolars of Hongkong, to be respect- ively levied of their several goods and chattels, lands and tenements, to the use of our said Lady the Queen, Her Heirs, and Successors, in case default shall be made in the performance of the conditions hereunder

written :--

The conditions of this recognisance are such, that whereas the said licensee is to be licensed to keep a public house, and to sell intoxicating liquors, at the sign of the

situate at

If the said licensee do observe all the conditions of The Spirit Licences Ordinance, 1886, then this recognis- ance to be void, otherwise to remain in full force.

Taken and acknowledged the day and year above written, before me.

(E.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Adjunct licensee's recognisance, (Sec. 12.)

COLONY OF

HONGKONG Be it remembered, that on the

TO WIT.

called the licensee and

day of

188

Magistrate.

hereinafter

and

hereinafter

called the sureties came personally before me a Magistrate in the Colony of Hongkong, and acknowledged themselves to owe to our Lady the Queen, to wit,--the said licensee the sum of three hundred dollars, and the said sureties each the sum of three hundred of lawful current dollars of Hongkong, to be respectively levied of their several goods and chattels, lands and tenements, to the use of our said Lady the Queen, Her Heirs, and Successors in case default shall be made in the performance of the conditions hereunder written :-

The conditions of this recognisance are such, that whereas the said licensee is to be licensed to sell in-

toxicating liquors, in any quantity under two gallons, in the house, No.

as an adjunct to the busi-

ness of

longing

carried on by him in the said house and appurtenances thereunto be. ; If the said licensee do observe all the conditions of The Spirit Licences

Ordinance, 18886,-then this recognizance to be void, otherwise to remain in full force.

Taken and acknowledged the day and year above written, before me

Magistrate.

A

[ LVIII ]

(F.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Publican's certificate, (Sec. 12.)

Authority to the Treasurer to issue a spirit licence to

Premises No.

Sign of house

Street.

?

Licence to expire

18

I authorise the Treasurer to issue a licence to the person named above to keep an inn or public-house

as above set forth, I am satisfied the said person is a person of good fame and reputation, and is fit and pro-

per to keep an inn or public-house; and I have taken from the said person and his sureties a recognisance in the sum of three hundred dollars each, according to the form prescribed by the said ordinance.

Hongkong,

Hours for sale

.to

188

(G.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Adjunct licensee's certificate, (Sec. 12.)

Authority to the Treasurer to issue an adjunct licence to

Premises No.

Street.

Business carried on

Licence to expire

18

Magistrate.

I authorise the Treasurer to issue an adjunct licence to the above named person to retail liquors in any quantity under two gallons on the premises named above as an adjunct to the business carried on by him in the said house. I am satisfied the said person is a person of good fame and reputation, and is fit and proper

to conduct such house as aforesaid; and I have taken from the said person and his sureties the requisite recognisances in the sum of three hundred dollars each, according to the form prescribed by the said ordi-

nance.

Hongkong,

Hours for sale.

to

188

To the Treasurer.

(H.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Return of licensees, (Sec. 12.)

Public house or adjunct licences may be granted to the undermentioned persons.

Magistrate.

Whether

Licensee.

Sign of

house.

Road or

Addresses

Nature of

No.

before licensed Sureties.

street.

of Sureties.

licence.

or not.

Magistrate.

Hongkong,

18

i

Licence

Sign of house

No.

Period of Licence, from

Fee, S

[ LIX]

(I.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1836.

Public House Licence, (Sec. 13.)

to

Street.

both days inclusive.

I license the above named person to keep a public house, and to sell and retail in the house in which

he now dwells and in the appurtenances thereunto belonging, but no elsewhere, al intoxicating liquors during the period above written.

No.

Hongkong,

18

Treasurer.

(J.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Adjunct Licence, (Sec. 13.)

Licensee

Business

Address, No.

"

Period of Licence, from

to

Street.

both days inclusive.

I license the person named above to sell and retail intoxicating liquors in quantities not exceeding two

gallons in the house in which he now dwells and in the appurtenances thereunto belonging, but not else-

where; as an adjunct to the business he carries on there and without keeping a public bar during the period

above written.

No.

Hongkong,

18

Treasurer.

New Licensee

(K.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Transfer of Public House or Adjunct Licence, (Sec. 16.)

Sign of house

or Business carried on

No.

Period of new Licence, from

Former Licensee

Street.

to

both days inclusive.

I license the person named above to sell and retail intoxicating liquors in the house named above and

in the appurtenances thereunto belonging, but not elsewhere, during the period above written.

No.

Hongkong,

18

>

Treasurer.

(L.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Wholesale Licence, (Secs. 28 ‹ ; 29.)

is licensed to sell in toxicating liquors by the unopened cask

or case, in quantities not less than two gallons of one liquor at one time on the premises known as Such intoxicating liquors are not to be consumed on the premises.

Hongkong,

18

Colonial Secretary.

[ LX ]

(M.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Grocer's Licence, (Secs. 28 & 29.)

excepted) by the bottle on the premises known as

is licensed to sell intoxicating liquors (Chinese spirits

Such intoxicating liquors are not to be consumed on the premises. Liquors may also be sold wholesale

under this licence.

Hongkong,

Conditions

18

(N.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Spirit Shop Licence, (Sec. 30.)

No.

is licensed to sell spirits not to be consumed on his premises at No.

the sign or shop name of which is

until

18

Colonial Secretary.

1.—

2.-

3.--

&c.-

Hongkong,

18

Colonial Secretary.

The spirit licence No.

(0.)

THE SPIRIT LICENCES ORDINANCE, 1886.

Transfer of spirit licence, (Sec. 30.)

granted to

is transferred to

who is hereby licensed to sell spirituous liquors, not to be consumed on the premises, at No.

the sign or shop name of which is

until

18

Conditions.

1.-

2.“་་

3.-

(P.)

SCHEDULE OF FEES.

1.--Public house and adjunct licences, (Sec. 13.)

When the annual valuation of the premises occupied is

under $1,000, a licence fee of $300 a year.

under $4,200

over $4,200

II.

Distillery licence, (Sec. 4.)

- Other fees chargeable under this ordinance.

Temporary spirit licence, (Sec. 8),

33

}}

,,

$360 $480

>>

$120 a year.

.Discretionary.

Licence for removed business, (Sec. 18),

$ 5

Grocer's licence, (Sec. 28),

$120 a year.

Wholesale licence, (Sec. 28),

$120

37

Chinese spirit licence, (Sec. 30),.

$120

12

Eating house licence, (Sec. 31),

$10

32

Colonial Secretary.

1

}

:

Name of Street.

[ xxv ]

Health District No. 6,-Continued.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

16

70

18

84

20

85

22

86

24

88

28

89

30

90

32

91

34

97

36

98

38

99

40

100

42

102

42A

105

Bonham Strand West,

44

106

46

Praya West,

107

48

108

50

109

52

110

54

111

58

112

60

113

62

114

64

116

66

119

68

70

72

2388

136

137

140

141

146

142

148

150

1

Wing Lok Street,

152

3

158

5

166

7

199

9

11

106

13

122

Li Sing Street,

2

124

4

Bonham Strand,...

126

6

136

8

138

10

145

12

14

15

17

18

19

6

20

Sutherland Street,

8

24

10

25

12

Praya West,

26

14

38

65

15

66

17

67

New Street,

19

68

21

69

23

Name of Street.

New Street,...............................

Po Yan Street,

[ XXVI ]

Health District No. 6,-Continued.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

25

6

27

Po Yan Street,.............

8

10

24

Total,.

293

Health District No. 7.

Name of Street.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

301

303

First Street,

305

307

20

309

311

24

SN 22*1

69

71

313

28

315

30

Queen's Road West,

317

32

319

48

321

50

323

52

325

54

341

56

343

58

345

60

347

62

64

168

66

Praya West,

169

68

171

70

172

72

74

5

9

Second Street,

76

78

Sam To Lane,

13

80

17

82

19

84

21

86

88

246

90

92

94

8

63

10

65

12

71

14

75

First Street,

16

95

18

97

22

99

24

101

52

103

54

105

56

107

67

109

3

+

Name of Street.

[ XXVII ]

Health District No. 7,-Continued.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

2

51

8

53

10

55

12

57

14

59

16

61

18

63

20

65

22

71

24

High Street,

73

26

75

28

77

30

79

32

81

32A

83

32B

85

42

87

44

89

46

91

48

50

2

52

10

54

12

56

14

58

16

60

18

62

20

64

5

66

Third Street,

Pokfulam Road,........

9

68

11

70

13

72

15

74

17

76

19

78

21

80

23

82

25

84

86

29

88

31

90

33

92

35

94

37

31

35

Centre Street,

39

41

37

43

39

45

41

47

43

28

45

30

47

49

51

53

55

Un Sing Lane,...........

57

59

61

123 TH LO CON

4

5

6

7

Name of Street.

[ XXVIII]

Health District No. 7,-Continued.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

8

9

Queen's Road West,.........{

410

412

Un Sing Lane,

10

11

12

5 11 5

7

9

11

13

Un Fuk Lane,.

1 2 3 4 CE∞O

15

17

3

Sung Hing Lane,.....

6

8

5

10

6

7

12

14

8 9

Western Street,

404

Queen's Road West,

406

408

Total,......

233

16

18

17

Health District No. 8.

Name of Street.

House No.

Name of Street.

House No.

12345

12

15

Belcher's Street,

17

18

6

174

Praya, Kennedytown,

8

176

19

178

11

180

12

184

13

186

14

Third Street,

188

190

Belcher's Street,..

6-— “A WNH

1

192

2

194

3

196

4

198

5

200

7

9

Total,.

37

4

:

[ XXIX ]

Appendix No. 10.

Friday, 29th January, 1897.

MEMO.

The Commissioners, accompanied by the Medical Officer of Health (Dr. CLARK) and the Secretary, visited the following premises this day, leaving the Hongkong Club at 2.30 P.M., viz.:—

Tung Wa Lane.-There are 6 houses in this Lane, 3 on each side. No. 4 was inspected, the other houses being exactly the same.

Wa On Lane.-There are 5 houses in this Lane. No. 2 was inspected, the others being of the same description.

Mi Lun Lane.--Nos. 1 and 4 were inspected, the other houses in the Lane being of the same description.

Peel Street.-No. 29 was inspected.

Man Hing Lane.-No. 2 was inspected.

I On Lane.-Nos. 2, 8, 10 and 12 were inspected.

Shin Hing Lane.-Nos. 6 and 12 were inspected.

Wa Lane.-Nos. 1 and 4 were inspected.

Ng Kwai Fong. The back of No. 21 Possession Street, which opens into this Lane, was inspected.

A Chung Lane.-No. 6 was inspected.

Hollywood Road.-Nos. 204, 212 and 216 were inspected. These are Chinese

brothels.

The light and ventilation in all the houses in the several Lanes and Streets men- tioned were very defective.

The inspection was concluded at 4.15 P.M.

Appendix No. 11.

A. SETH,

Secretary.

No. 149.

SIR,

SANITARY BOARD ROOM, HONGKONG, 2nd September, 1896.

In answer to your letter No. 1,246 dated the 7th August, 1896, requesting to be furnished with precise information as to the provisions which the Sanitary Board desires to see inserted in an Ordinance for the further amendment of the Public Health Ordinance, I am directed by the Board to transmit you the enclosed extract from the minutes of the proceedings of the Board, at a confidential meeting held on the 27th ultimo, and to state that the paragraphs of the extract which are numbered 1, 2, 3 and 4 contain a summary of such provisions.

[xxx]

You will observe from the paragraph numbered 5 that it is requested that the Ordinance, when drafted, be sent to the Board for its consideration and report.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

HUGH MCCALLUM,

Secretary.

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

Extract from the Minutes of the proceedings of the Sanitary Board at a confidential meeting held on Thursday, the 27th day of August, 1896.

**

*

****

*

****

****

Domestic Dwellings.-A letter--which had been circulated to Members--from the Colonial Secretary requesting the Board to furnish him with precise information as to the provisions which the Board desires to be inserted in the proposed Ordinance to further amend the Public Health Ordinance, was laid on the table.

A discussion ensued.

It was agreed---

1. That in all cases where encroachments on what were originally open spaces in the rear of domestic buildings can be proved to have taken place since the erection of such domestic buildings, the removal of such encroachments be made compulsory.

2. That in cases where the kitchens extend throughout the entire width of the domestic building without the intervention of an open space and also in every case where satisfactory proof cannot be obtained that an open area originally existed in the rear of any domestic building, and that such open space has since been encroached upon, that power be conferred upon the Magistrate, in all cases in which he is satisfied that such domestic buildings are unfit for human habitation, to order the removal of such portion of the kitchens as to admit of a clear and unobstructed space of at least 40 square feet in the rear of such buildings being

obtained.

3. That in cases where what were originally open yards situated between the domestic buildings and the kitchens belonging thereto and where such yards have been encroached upon that powers be obtained to cause the removal of all the encroachments other than bridges not exceeding 3 feet in width.

4. That no street on which buildings abut shall be permitted to be obstructed either temporarily or permanently in such manner, as to interfere with the efficient lighting and ventilation of such buildings.

5. That the opinion of the Board be transmitted to the Colonial Secretary in the usual manner with a request that the draft of the proposed Ordinance be sent to the Board for considera- tion and report.

*

True Extract,

HUGH MCCALLUM.

[ XXXI ]

Appendix No. 12.

The Secretary,

INSANITARY PROPERTIES COMMISSION.

Herewith a tabular statement of the sanitary condition of all the houses in Nos. 5 and 6 Health Districts. By "insufficient open space in the rear," heading C, is meant every house in which the backyard is obstructed by a bridge more than 3′ 6′′ in width, or by any other structure, and every back to back house (i. e., having no backyard) in which the kitchen has not been opened out to the extent of at least one half of the width of such house, and for the entire depth of such kitchen.

The following will be found to be the results obtainable for this statement :-

A-Back to back houses,

166

B-Houses fronting on narrow lanes,

68

C-Houses with insufficient open space in the rear,

228

D-Houses abutting against the hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet,

114

A+ B

90

A+ C

1,193

A+ D

40

A+B+C

78

A+B+D.

A+ C + D

A+B+C+D...........

B+C

4

158

57

33

B+D

B+C+D

C+ D.....

9

9

283

Total....

Total number of houses in the two districts

....

Number of houses in fairly good sanitary condition

May 1st, 1897.

FRANCIS W. Clark,

2,530

3,095

565

Medical Officer of Health.

[ xxxIα ]

Appendix No. 13.

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT CLASSIFIED AS FOLLOWS.

A

No. of

Name of Street.

Back to House. back house.

B Fronting on

a lane less than 15 feet wide.

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to

a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2

3

Aberdeen Street,..

>>

27

1

...

1

2

22

9

>>

11

1

1 1

11A

CC

13

1

""

15

1

1

1

...

...

...

""

17

1

1

...

CC

19

1

1

""

...

21

1

1

2

2

""

23

1

1

""

25

1

1

2

""

27

1

1

37

29

1

1

""

31

1

1

22

37

1

""

39

1

41

1

...

43

1

3 3

"7

45

1

47

1

49

1

...

وو

51

1

4

""

53

1

3

""

55

1

""

57

1

...

"

""

""

224

1

3

2A

1

...

1

2

1

1

1

>>

6

1

1

""

8

1

1

...

>>

10

1

...

"9

12

1

1

...

""

14

1

1

...

16

1

...

""

...

18

1

3

1

2

4

3

3

3

2

""

20

1

...

"

22

19

...

24

""

26

1

6

""

...

...

28

1

"5

...

30

1

وو

...

32

1

""

...

...

34

1

""

36

1

""

"

19

"

38 40 42 4

1

1

1

44

1

Alveston Terrace,

""

"

"

Bonham Strand,

""

""

1231

4

1817-18

""

6

""

11

>>

13

15

17

"

1

1

1

1

1

1

...

1

...

4

...

3

1

3

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

...

1

1

...

1

***

:

1

1

1

1

1

...

1

::

1

H1 H3 H ~ ~ ~ ~ — — co co co co ay 10 ~~~ 20 210 10 10 1 1 0 0 10 10

1

4

2

2

3

3 3

...

3

1

3

3

...

4

4

4

...

...

4

...

2

...

5

...

...

3

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

1

1

2

1

...

...

...

1

2

...

H2

:

:

!

[ XXXIO ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

No. of

Back to

Name of Street.

House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15

feet wide.

C

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D

Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2

3

4

"

Bonham Strand,

19

1

1

21

1

1.

...

""

23

1

1

""

25

...

""

27

1

1

1

29

1

1

""

31

1

1

2

33

1

1

1

35

1

1

1

37

1

1

1

""

39

1

I

**

41

1

...

1

1

43

1

1

45

1

1

""

47

>>

1

1

1

49

1

...

1

1

51

1

1

29

53

1

...

1

1

31

55

1

1

2

10 10 10 1 m3 20 10 10 10 10 10

1010

10 01 00 10 10 ::∞

39

57

1

...

1

1

>>

59

1

""

...

1

1

61

1

1

""

63

1

1

""

65

1

1

في

کا کا

67

1

1

1

1

69

1

1

3

""

!

71

1

1

1

73

1

...

1

1

>>

75

1

***

1

1

1

">

77

1

27

79

1

23

I

...

...

1

1

81

1

15

83

1

...

""

85

1

""

87

1

""

89

1

...

"

91

1

93

1

-

>>

I

95

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

""

97

1

...

1

...

2

***

1

1

...

2

27

99

1

...

1.

...

19

101

1

1

...

...

>>

103

1

1

""

105

1

1

1

...

""

107

1

1

1

...

"

109

1

1

1

1

...

""

111

1

...

1

1

2

22

113

1

...

1

1

73

115

1

2

...

""

117

1

1

...

23

119

1

1

2

1

...

"

121

1

1

123

1

...

1

1

2

125

1

1

1

""

127

1

1

2

129

1

1

1

4

...

131

1

1

...

133

1

1

"

2A

1

1

...

2

1

1

4

1

1

...

**

6

1

1

...

...

...

8

""

10

1

1

I

1

...

...

12

14

I

1

1

...

16

...

"

18

1

1

I

...

">

20

1

1

5

3

...

[XXXIC]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A.

No. of

Name of Street.

Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to

a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on

each Floor.

Ground. 1 2

CO

3

4

Bonham Strand,

22

1

1

1

...

24

1

1

2

1

26

1

1

1

2

""

28

1

1

...

...

>>

30

1

2

...

...

32

1

5

1

4

...

34

1

36

1

""

38

1

2

...

40

1

1

5

42

1

2

11

4.4

1

1

2

>>

46

1

1

6

""

"2

48

1

1

10

...

50

T

1

2

6

27

52

1

1

1

1

>>

54

1

1

1

3

5

"2

56

1

1

27

58

1

1

2

""

60

1

1

5

...

*

62

1

1

3

دو

64

1

10

""

66

1

1

3

""

68

1

2

6

...

دو

ΤΟ

1

1

1

2

...

""

72

1

1

1

3

>>

74

1

1

2

...

"2

76

1

1

3 5

""

78

1

1

3

...

29

80

1

2

2

">

82

1

1

1

N

...

...

>>

84

1

1

...

...

""

86

1

1

""

88

...

""

06

,,

92

...

""

94

32

"

"

Bridges Street,

96

98

...

2

1

3

...

1

...

32

6

I

1310 79

1

1

1

1

1

1

...

1

1

1

1

1

1

...

...

2

2

3 3

...

...

""

""

11

""

13

...

...

"

15

""

17

...

>>

19

...

66

2

6

">

8

10

12

""

14

22

16

""

18

>>

20

"9

22

...

"

22A

...

«

24

...

""

26

***

28

""

30

...

""

32

34

27

36

17

...

4

2

1

4

3

...

1

1

2

...

...

1

...

5

5

1

3

...

1

1

6

2

...

1

3

1

1

1

2

...

1

2

4

1

1

3 2

...

1

4

...

1

1

1

...

1

1

I

3 2

...

1

2

1

1

6

5

...

1

4

1

...

1

3

...

1

1

1

...

1

2

1

...

2

...

...

...

...

...

...

A

i

14

:

:

[ xxxid]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,-Continued.

A

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient

open space in rear.

1

D Abutting against hillside to

a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

Bridges Street,

38

...

40

"J

1

42

1

""

44

46

22

97

48

50

1

1

4

1

3

1

:

"

52

}

22

54

1

1

""

56

1

""

58

1

27

60

1

66

62

1

5

""

66.

""

64

66

66A

1

3

1

1

Burd Street,

""

!

>>

14 30 10 1− a)

1

1

1

1

1

1

NO, O JA HAN ∞ CAN ∞

...

3

2

2

9

>>

11

1

1

2

3

""

13

...

T

1

5 3

2

15

1

1

3

"?

...

17

1

1

2

22

...

3

19

1

1

""

21

1

1

2

3

37

AAA

23

I

1

2

2

25

1

1

...

4 3

27

1

1

1

: ܗ:

2

2

3

5

""

...

4

1

1

27

...

...

4A

1

1

>>

6

1

1

22

8

1

1

2

29

...

10

1

}

3 4

22

12

1

1

""

77

12A

1

14

1

""

16

1

>>

...

18

1

1

1

1

3

4 3 3

...

20

1

""

"

22

1

:

Caine Road,....

19

21

29

23

"

25

...

1

1

1

1

1

2 3

2

5

""

...

...

Chung Wo Lane,

1

1

1

وو

1

1

""

""

6

1

66

11

13

1

1

1

...

15

1

1

...

*

17

1

وو

19

1

1

>>

21

1

...

2

1

1

""

1

1

""

8

1

1

""

10

1

1

...

""

12

1

1

""

14

I

1

...

""

16

1

1

...

18

1

4

4

3

+

3

4

3

4

4

Q1 1 0 0 0 0 2 20:12:

2

3

3

5

""

***

...

...

...

[ XXXIe ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

No. of

Back to

Name of Street.

|House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside a depth of more than 4 feet.

to

No. of cubicles on

each Floor.

Ground.

1 2 3

Co

بوب

4

Chung Wo Lane,

Circular Pathway,

20

2223

I

1

1

1

IP:

:

1234 10 CO

RAR RARE A

...

9

10

2

1

:~ ~ ~ ~ ~ SO I MID

5

...

11

""

12

1

I

"

13

1

1

1

72

14

1

1

1

1

>>

15

1

1

>>

16

:

""

17

1

1

...

""

18

1

05 01 00 00 C9 HA HP IP H 1O Co; co co 1 ∞ ∞ N

2

19

1

20

1

3

1

21

1

2

...

>>

22

1

5

23

1

...

3

24

1

1

3

25

1

26

1

1

>>

27

1

1

1

>>

28

""

29

[.

I

1

1

1

1

2

...

25

30

1

1

1

...

31

1

1

""

32

1

1

33

1

1

"

34

1

1

3

...

RRRRRRRRR

35

1

1

1

2

36

...

1

1

3

3

37

1

1

...

38

1

39

1

1

2

40

1

1

3

41

1

1

42

1

1

Cleverly Street,

1

1

1

...

1 A

1

1

T

1

...

1

...

3

1

1

""

}

1

27

7

1

...

1

""

7A

Ι

1

1

1

1

14:27

...

...

79

2

1

1

""

...

4

1

1

...

>>

6

1

1

...

"J

...

8

1

1

""

10

1

1

""

...

12

>>

...

...

14

1

1

...

2 1

""

16

1

""

...

East Street,..

1

...

"

1

""

1

...

...

59

8A

1

1

1

...

...

3

3

""

8B

1

1

1

80

1

1

2

...

""

10

1

3

...

...

...

...

.

...

...

...

...

...

East Street,.

12

3

...

1

14

1

4

...

16

وو

18

1

1

25

22

1

وو

24

1

1

1

>>

.

26

1

6

19

28

1

">

30

1

1

4

""

32

1

6

""

!

34

1

""

36

1

**

38

1

""

40

1

>>

42

1

"J

44

...

7)

46

1

48

""

"}

50

Elgin Street,

"}

1

...

1

1

I

4 6 10 TION

6

3

3

5

I

J

9

Ι

...

"

11

1

""

13

1

""

15

I

99

17

1

...

...

1

2

1

1

1

1

2

وو

19

1

:

"

2

1

1

1

:

4

1

**

6

19

8

>>

10

12

4433 N N

3

2

2

2

2

29

14

...

:

"

Gage Street,

27

1

29

1

...

"?

31

1

">

33

1

>>

35

1

37

1

>>

39

1

41

I

1

43

1

""

26

1

دو

28

1

...

>7

30

99.

32

""

34

""

,,

36

38

19

40

"

42

""

""

39

12

""

O O HA HA H

44

46

48

...

...

50

...

52

""

George's Lane,

"

""

"

,,

12341 6 1-

1

1

1

1

1

3

1

1

3

1

1

3

1

1

1

1

4

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

3 3

1

1

3 3

1

1

1

1

1

1

...

1

1

1

2

1

2

3

...

1

1

1

1

3

1

1

1

3

2

4

1

...

0 2 2

...

1

1 1

5

3

...

1

...

1

...

: co¦ ¦ AA:

3

1

4

3

3

4

3

...

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,– Continued.

A

No. of

Name of Street.

Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15

feet wide.

Abutting

C

D

Insufficient open space in real.

against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of Cubicles on cach Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

4

[fIXXX ]

4

[ xxxig ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

B

Fronting on Insufficient

A

C

D Abutting

No. of

Back to

a lane less

Name of Street.

House. back house.]

than 15 feet wide.

open space in rear.

against hillside to

a depth of

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

more than 4 feet.

Ground.

1 2

3

4

George's Lane,

Gilman's Bazaar,

""

27

00

1

""

1317.

I

1

5

:

:

1

9

""

11

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Gough Street,,

>>

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[ YIXXX ]

Name of Street.

LIST OF HOUSES IN

A

No. of Back to House.back house.

No. 5 DISTRICT,-

Continued.

C

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

Insufficient open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to

Gough Street,

""

""

18

2468

12

14

*

16

1

"

20

1

...

22

1

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24

1

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26

1

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28

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30

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32

1

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34

1

25

36

1

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38

1

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27

40

37

42

1.

""

44

Ι

""

Hillier Street,

22

""

180 1

1

1

1

No. of cubicles on

each Floor.

a depth of

more than

4 feet.

Ground. 1 2 3

I

1

4

4

1

1

1

2

3

1

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Hollywood Road,

41

43

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63

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153

1

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155

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157

1

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159

1

1

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161

1

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165

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167

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171

29

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173

1

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175

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177

1

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179

1

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5

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181

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1

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183

1

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70

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1

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...

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground.

1 2 3

4

[ 21XXX]

Name of Street.

F

Name of Street.

[ xxxij]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,— Continued.

A

No. of

Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less

C

D

Insufficient

than 15 feet wide.

open space in rear.

Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground.

1

2 3

4

}}

A

"

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Hollywood Road,

72 74

...

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76

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78

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86

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19

90

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92

>>

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94

29

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96

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98

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100

102

104

106

1

108

110

112

114

...

116

118

...

120

122

124

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126

1

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128

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130

1

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132

1

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1

2

134

1

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1

1

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136

1

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1

1

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138

1

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1

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146

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152

1

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1

1

1

3

4

154

1

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156

1

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158

1

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160

1

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162

1

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164

1

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166

1

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168

1

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170

1

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172

1

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1

1

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1

1

2

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Hong Ning Lane,

1

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1

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2

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4

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1

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...

Name of Street.

LIST OF HOUSES

A

No. of

Back to House. back house.

[ xxxik ]

IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient

open space in rear.

I' On Lane,....

10

27

12

14

****

8

1

1

1

1

...

1

1

1

1

""

Jervois Street,

66

"1

22

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11

Co

13579

6

1

1

1

1

1

...

13

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15

1

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17

1

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1

19

1

1

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21

1

23

1

1

19

25

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1

1

27

1

1

29

1

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1

31

1

1

33

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...

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35

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37

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39

...

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41

43

1

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45

1

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47

1

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49

1

51

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1

53

1

55

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1

57

1

1

1

59

99

1

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19

1

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63

1

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65

1

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69

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71

1

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73

1

75

1

77

1

1

79

1

81

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87

1

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89

91

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93

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101

1

103

1

105

1

107

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109

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111

99

113

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115

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117

55

119

121

123

125

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127

D

Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on

each Floor.

Ground.

2 3 4

...

4

: co:

3

4

I

I

...

1

...

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4

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1

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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

...

...

...

...

...

...

[ xxxil ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

Name of Street.

No. of House. back house.

Back to

B

Fronting on a lane less

C

Insufficient

than 15

open space in rear.

feet wide.

D

Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than

4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

4

Jervois Street,

""

24

...

}

1

1

...

1

1

1

44

1

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6

1

...

1

8

1

1

10

1

12

1

1

"

14

1

1

16

1

...

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18

1

1

35

20

1

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22

1

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24

1

1

26

1

1

23

28

1

...

30

1

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1

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32

1

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34

1

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36

1

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72

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76

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1

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80

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92

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94

1

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98

1

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100

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102

1

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104

1

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106

1

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108

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110

1

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112

1

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114

1

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1

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116

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118

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120

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122

1

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124

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126

1

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99

130

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4

[ xxxim]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,-Continued.

A

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

B Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient open space in rear.

1

D Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

Jervois Street,

132

1

134

1

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136

19

138

1

>>

140

1

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Kiu Sau Court,

1

...

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Kau Ü Fong,

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Kau Ü Fong Sonth,

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A

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424

:::

⠀ ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ ⠀

DANN

Kwai Wa Lane,

1

1

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COFA HI HA HIPO #POE

4

3

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{

;

Name of Street.

[ UIXXX]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

Insufficient

open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground.

1 2

00

3

Kwong Yuen Street

East.

1

1

1

1

:

3679

1

1

1

1

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1

1

1

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Kwong Yuen

West.

>>

Street

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Lower Lascar Row,

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3

3

...

...

[ XXXIO ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,-Continued.

A

No. of

Back to

B

Fronting on a lane less

C

Insufficient

Name of Street.

House. back house.

than 15 feet wide.

open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to

a depth of

more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

4

2

Lower Lascar Row,

"

888

36

38

40

Jamal Jamned prevent

1

1

1

Ladder Street,.

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

232

3

042

"

1

1

...

1 1

3 1

5

5

...

1

1

"

39

8

1

1

3

10

1

1

5

12

1

1

2

"

Lower Ladder Street

Terrace.

33

""

1

1

1

:

:

O CO

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

...

"

1

:

:

Mau Hing Lane,..

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25

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1

1

3

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1

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4

1

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1

1

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1

1

3

3

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Mau Wa Lane,

1

1

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1

I

12

1

1

Mercer Street,.

1

1

1

2

1

3

1

1

1

1

1

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1

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1

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Mi Lun Lane,

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Morrison Street,

2

1

:

1

:

:

...

...

18

[ xxxp]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,- Continued.

A

No. of

Name of Street.

Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

D

No. of cubicles on cach Floor.

Insufficient open space in rear.

Abutting against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

Ground. 1 Ι 2 3

4

1

Morrison Street,.

10

39

12

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1

1

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2

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27

24

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9

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A A CO C

CO ++

...

[ xxxiq]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

No. of

Back to

Name of Street.

House. back house.

B

Fronting on a laue less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to

a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on

each Floor.

Ground.

Co

3

...

Praya Central,

63

1

1

1

64

1

1

1

39

65

66

1

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1

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72

73

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76

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77

1

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1

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100

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101

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125

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}

.

[XXX]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

B Fronting on Insufficient

A

No. of

Back to

Name of Street.

House. back house.

a lane less than 15

feet wide.

C

D Abutting against hillside to

open space in rear.

a depth of

more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

Praya Central,

129

1

130

1

...

131

1

1

1

1

2

2

...

1

3

"

132

1

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1

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19

133

1

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19

134

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137

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138

1

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148

1

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99

Queen's Road Central,... 137

1

139

1

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219

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225

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...

227

...

...

[ SIXXX

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

Insufficient

open space in rear.

Queen's Road Central,... 229

...

D Abutting against hillside to

a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground.

| 1 | 2 | 3

3

4

1

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1

231

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Y

[ xxxit ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,- Continued.

A

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

B

Fronting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

Insufficient open space in rear.

D Abutting against hillside to

a depth of more than

4 feet.

No. of Cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

4

Queen's Road Central,... 174

1

1

1

CC

176

...

22

178

25

180

17.

182

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29

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""

""

312

>>

::

1

1

1

1

1

2

...

[ xxxiu ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

A

B

C

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

a lane less than 15

Fronting on Insufficient

D Abutting

open space in rear.

against hillside to

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

feet wide.

a depth of

more than

Ground. 1 2

3

4

4 feet.

Queen's Road Central,... 314

:

...

1

1

>>

1

الم كل لور

1

1

2

1

1

4

10 00

5 2

2

...

1

1

314A

""

316

""

818

""

320

>>

322

""

324

*

""

326

22

33

328

66

""

330

">

""

332

22

""

334

""

Shin Hing Lane,

""

"9

"3

">

“ረ

11

""

29

""

53

"

Shing Wong Street,

>>

""

39

>>

27

""

""

>>

""

33

"2

...

...

1

1

...

1

1

1

10

12

H 2010 NO HNHO¤QN

1

1

1

I

I

1

1

1

2

3

2

9

1

1

2

I

1

1

...

1

1

...

1

1

1

1

1

I

1

1

1

...

1

1

1

INA HOOK-

1

...

1

1

...

1

1

1

...

:::

1

1

1

...

3

3

ao os on co CO ON CO TH Co co co co

co co co 33 14 co to co co co co

01H 1 10 23 co o

1

1

5

1

1

1

3

1

5

1

3

1

1

1

1

1

3

Ι

3

Staunton Street,.

31

1

33

1

***

35

1

22

37

1

77

39

1

41

1

43

1

>>

45

1

...

13

47

1

27

38

1

""

40

22

...

42

27

44

""

46

""

48

""

50

...

...

52

54

*AAA* * * * * * * * * * * * *

56

58

1

I

60

1

...

62

1

64

1

...

66

1

68

...

...

70

1

72

...

74

...

76

i

1

78

1

1

80

1

82

1

84

1

86

...

88

H

1

2

...

1

1

1

1

2

1

1

1

3

3

...

2

3

3

2

CONTACT — 21 HOI AN - Q -

...

:

.

[ XXXIV]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,- Continued.

against hillside to a depth of more than 4 feet.

No. of cubicles on

ench Floor.

Ground.

1

A

Name of Street.

No. of

Back to House. back house.

B

Frouting on a lane less than 15 feet wide.

C

D Abutting

Insufficient

open space in rear.

H

...

Staunton Street,..

90

1

1

1

6

3

-H

Stavely Street,

}:

""

""

"7

10

~+000

1

1

1

1

1

1

8

1

1

1

1

co co co co as

3

CO LO CO HA N

- NW 05 05

3

3

Square Street,..

""

}

1

1

1

1

1

...

1

1

1

1

I

1

دو

1

2

com

3

3

11

1

1

"}

13

1

1

2

5

19

15

1

1

...

""

17

1

1

1

""

19

1

1

1

...

CC

21

1

1

...

""

23

1

1

""

25

1

1

""

27

1

1

27

29

1

1

""

31

1

1

""

33

1

1

33

35

1

1

""

37

1

1

ፈረ

39

1

1

:

""

41

27

43

...

""

45

""

47

...

>>

""

""

""

"

49

51

53

55

28

...

No co co to co 00 00 01 00 20 10NNNA-::

6

1

1

""

30

1

I

33

32

1

1

...

""

34

1

1

1

a a

6

6

23

36

1

1

""

38

1

1

1

22

40

1

1

Ι

""

42

1

1

1

""

44

1

1

27

46

1

1

1

""

48

1

1

1

CO 10 10 10 10 10 10

coaj⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀a Hin Him Him Him Hin Ho

Sam Kai Lane,

Tan Kwai Lane,..

>>

77

Tank Lane,.

"7

""

CC

123

246

1:30 10 1O

1

1

1

1

121

44

1

1

1

1

1

1

...

...

1.

1

12:

2

4

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

02:06

9

3

3

...

>>

Tsui On Lane,

1

1

1

1

2

2

1

"}

1

""

1

ཐཱ ཀྵ པོ པོ

1

6

7

1

...

COJA LO OR CO ROA

[ xxx12]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,-Continued.

A

No. of

Back to House. back house.

Insufficient

B

Fronting ou

C

open space in rear.

a lane less than 15 feet wide.

D Abutting

against hillside to

a depth of more than

4 feet.

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

Ground. 1 2 3

4

Name of Street.

6

Tsui On Lane,

8

10

...

1

1

1

Tung Shing Lane,

""

>"

I

1

1

3

1

1

5

1

1

1

1

27

""

9

1

1

Tung Wa Lane,

1

2

""

>"

>>

>>

Tsün Hing Lane,

""

""

"

"

Taipingshan Street,

"

"

Un Wo Lane,

""

1

1

1

1

...

1

1

1

...

1

1

1

1234 1 67

1 30

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

3

1

...

1

1

...

1

1

2

3

::

1

1

1

3

co co:

3

2.

2 2 2 2

:

∞ 10: co co

112 112

:

3

00 1.00 ∞o co

3

3

3

2

2

2

NNNNNI

1 2

2

~~~22:

...

#48429 19:

I

2

•••

1

2

1

...

2

...

4

4

...

1

...

::

a:

...

...

::

...

::

3

1

14

4

3

...

Ü Hing Lane,.

"J

""

"

""

99

134246

1

...

1

1

I

...

1

1

3

2

3

1

1

1

...

1

1

...

1

1

:

228 +4 E

OCCIA ŁO I CO

...

Upper Lascar Row,

1

1

1

...

1

1

1

2

3

2

"

1

1

1

1

"

1

1

"1

9A

6

2

6

1 4

...

"}

11

1

I

...

1

2

...

29

13

1

1

3

1

27

15

1

3

1

...

""

17

1

...

"

19

1

2

>>

9

21

1

1

1

99

23

1

1

3

...

""

25

1

1

1

3

...

">

27

1

*R*

29

1

}

3

...

""

31

1

1

3

...

33

1

1.

1

...

""

A

35

1

1

2

3

...

...

"

37

1

1

3

""

39

1

1

2

3

...

...

""

2

1

1

3

...

66

4

1

1

3

...

********

6

1

1

1

3

3

3

...

10

12

14

16.

18

*024620

8

1

1

4

...

1

1

...

1

1

...

1

1

...

1

1

1

1

...

2

4

1

2

5

...

..

A

B

No. of

Back to

a lane less

{ xxxix]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

Fronting on Insufficient

C

D Abutting

No. of cubicles on

against

each Floor.

House. back house.

than 15

feet wide.

open space in rear.

hillside to

a depth of

more than

Ground. 1 2

ลง

3

4

4 feet.

222223

1

...

1

...

1

3 5

1

3

4

1

3

3

Name of Street.

1

...

Upper Lascar Row,

20

}

1

وو

24

1

""

26

1

28

1

17

30

1

""

32

1

22

34

1

17

36

1

37

38

1

""

40

1

""

42

1

"

Upper Ladder St. Terrace,...

5

...

...

3

2

1

2

2

...

1

1

1

...

1

1

1

1 2

...

1

...

co co co co — 00

3

3

3

3

1

3

1 00 00 00 10 N

2

2

NO ON NH

IN N N N N

...

""

""

22

""

"

"}

Wa Hing Lane,

""

""

""

""

Wa On Lane,

"}

""

">

""

10 10 100

1234106

12304410

1

...

6

1

1

1

4

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

...

...

1

1

1

...

1

1

1

...

1

1

I

...

...

1

1

...

...

::.

1

1

1

1

...

1

1

3

1

1

3

3

1

1

1

1

2

Wing Kut Street,

1

1

...

""

1

...

"J

...

1

...

2

2

1

3

2

1

5

aa jam 10 10 10 2 Q10 10 10 10 10 21 10 10 10

2

1

1

COCO CO ON CO ONE IN INNO 12 H 10 H 12 1O GO 1O 1O 1O CO — HH

2

1

1

3

1

2

...

1

1

1

1

1

2

1

...

...

...

>>

11

...

13

15

17

19

21

23

25

وو

27-

...

""

29

>>

31

33

1

64

35

1

""

}

1

""

1

1

""

1

1

""

1

1

وو

10

1

1

**

12

1

1

""

14

1

1

""

16

1

1

J*

18

1

1

...

""

20

1

1

""

22

1

1

""

24

1

1

...

19

26

1

1

""

28

I

1

>>

30

1

""

32

1

""

34

1

17

36

1

:

Wing Wo Street,

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

:

:

5

4.

2

:

[ XXXIy ]

LIST OF HOUSES IN No. 5 DISTRICT,—Continued.

B Fronting on Insufficient

A

C

D Abutting

Name of Street.

No. of Back to House. back house.

a lane less

than 15 feet wide.

open space in rear.

against hillside to

No. of cubicles on each Floor.

1

a depth of

more than 4 feet.

...

Ground. 1 2 3

...

3 4 3 5

1

1

...

Wing Wo Street,

""

1

1

...

1

1

""

1

وو

11

1

"

13

1

>>

15

1

17

1

1

>>

19

1

>>

21

1

1

66

23

1

27

25

1

1

27

1

""

29

1

1

""

31

1

"}

33

1

1

""

>>

"}

""

8

....

""

""

""

10

12

14

...

...

"

16

"

18

...

CC

20

>>

22

>>

24

""

26

28

""

""

30

Wing Shing Street,

""

FI

1

...

...

...

4

+ HOHN 30 m

3 6

2

2

3

2 4

1

1 3

++; co — co en co ----~~~-

2

1 1

1

2

3 3

3

...

...

1

1

...

1 2

2

1

3

...

2

2

...

1

...

"

">

9

1

1

...

""

11

"

13

>>

15

22

17

...

""

19

...

66

21

1

•••

...

""

23

1

وو

2

1

...

""

1

>>

1

1

1

1

""

8

1

""

10

1

1

1

""

12

1

""

14

1

...

>>

16

1

...

"J

18

1

1

1

1

1

20

1

...

..

>"

""

22

2222

...

24

1

1

26

1

1

28

1

1

-: -

1

1

...

...

Wing Lok Street,

""

"" >

""

1351-0

1

1

::

1

1

1

1

1

1

""

11

1

1

1

27

13

1

1

I

""

15

1

1

""

15A

:

22

CHCIA: 4 A H

4

4

I

4

...

1

2

3

...

3

3

4

.

367 No. 29

98

HONGKONG.

REPORT ON THE ASSESSMENT FOR 1898-99,

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

ASSESSOR'S OFFICE, HONGKONG, 21st July, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to submit my Report on the Assessment for the year 1898-99.

2. The City of Victoria.-The result of the new Valuation is that the Rateable Value of the City of Victoria is, in the List which came into force on the 1st instant, $3,828,577 as compared with last year's (1897-98) Assessment $3,444,514-an increase in Rateable Value of $384,063, equivalent to 11.14 per cent.

3. The Hill District.-The Rateable Value of the Hill District is now $133,765 against $117,435 last year-an increase of $21,330, or 18.16 per cent.

4. Hongkong Villages.-There is an increase of $20,446 or 13.44 per cent. in the Rateable Value of the Hongkong Villages, which is now $172,543 against $152,097 last year.

5. Kowloon Point.-The Rateable Value of this portion of the Kowloon Peninsula is now $137,335

as compared with $118,970 last year-an increase of $18,365, or 15.43 per cent.

6. Kowloon Villages.--The Rateable Value of the Kowloon Villages (which include Yau Ma Ti and Hung Hom) is now $244,727-an increase of $37,241, or 17.94 per cent. over last year's figure of $207,486.

7. The Whole Colony.-The Rateable Value of the whole Colony is now $4,521,947 as compared with last year's Assessment of $4,040,50z-an increase of $481,445, or 11.91 per cent.

8. Interim Valuations.-Daring the period from 1st July, 1897, to 1st June, 1898, Interim Valuations have been made as follows:-

In the City of Victoria.

222 new tenements, rateable value....

53 improved tenements, rateable value Replacing Assessments, amounting to.

$162,310

4

$ 43,480 29,575

13,905

$176,215

21,980

$154,235

29 Assessments cancelled, tenements pulled down, or being in

other respects not rateable

Increase in City of Victoria,.

In the Rest of the Colony.

237 new tenements, rateable value...... 8 improved tenements, rateable value

Replacing Assessments, amounting to

..$ 63,674

..$ 15,845 7,745

8,100

$ 71,774

18,546

$ 53,228

147 Assessments cancelled, tenements pulled down, or being in

other respects not rateable

Increase in Rest of the Colony..

The total number of tenements affected by Interim Valuations being 696 and the increase in Rateable Value $207,463.

9. Vacant Tenements.-The number of reported vacant tenements in the City of Victoria in- spected under section 35 of the Rating Ordinance averaged about 125 monthly against 170 last year.

10. Tabular Statements.-The usual tabular statements giving comparisons of the Valuation for 1897-98 and the new Valuation for 1898-99 are attached.

368

11. Staff.-Mr. CH'AN PUI, a most efficient officer, who had been in this office since November, 1888, was promoted to be 5th clerk in the Treasury from 1st January last. His place has been satisfactorily filled by the appointment of Mr. CHAU YUNG-CHEUNG, transferred from the Police Department.

Mr. IP YUK PUI, interpreter. resigned on 4th September, 1897. Mr. CHEUNG YUK FAI has been appointed in his stead, and gives satisfaction.

The messenger CHAN WING absented himself without permission and was dismissed. successor, SIN Poxe, died of Plague on 24th May, and a new man CHAN TUNG has been appointed.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

His

The Honourable

A. M. THOMSON,

Acting Colonial Treasurer.

Table A.

THE CITY OF VICTORIA.

VALUATION,

No.

DISTRICT NAME.

1897-98.

ARTHUR CHAPMAN,

Assessor.

VALUATION, 1898-99.

INCREASE.

PERCENT-

AGE.

1 Kennedy Town,

46,925

63,780

16,855

2

Shek Tong Tsui,

119,701

147,274

27,570

3

Sai Ying Pun,

737,530

$34,290

96,760

1

Tai Ping Shan,

285,115

326,680

41,565

5

Sheung Wan,

455,070

500,381

45,311

6

Chung Wan,.

1,405,800

1,535,742

129,942

7

Ha Wall,....

148,910

158,855

9,945

8

Wan Tsai,..

130,660

142,405

11,745

Bowrington,

44,055

44,115

60

10

Soo Kon Poo,........

70,745

75,055

4,310

$

69

3,444,514

3,828,577

384,063

11.14

DISTRICT.

The Hill District,

Hongkong Villages,

Table B.

THE HILL DISTRICT AND HONGKONG VILLAGES.

*

VALUATION,

1897-98.

VALUATION, 1898-99.

INCREASE.

PERCENTAGE.

117,435

138,765

21,330

18.16

152,097

172.543

20,446

13.44

269,532

311,308

41,776

15.49

DISTRICT.

Table C.

KOWLOON POINT AND KOWLOON VILLAGES.

VALUATION,

1897-98.

VALUATION, 1898-99.

369

INCREASE.

PERCENTAGE.

}

Kowloon Point,

118,970

137,335

18,365

15.43

Kowloon Villages,.....

207,486

244,727

37,241

17.94

326,456

382,062

55,606

17.03

Table D.

THE COLONY OF HONGKONG.

LOCALITY.

VALUATION, 1897-98.

VALUATION, 1898-99.

INCREASE.

PERCENTAGE.

$

The City of Victoria, .

3,444,514

3,828,577

384,063

11.14

The Hill District and Hongkong Villages,

269,532

311,308

41,776

15.49

Kowloon Point and Kowloon Villages,

326,456

382,062

55,606

17.03

4,040,502

4,521,947

481,445

11.91

317

No. 26

98

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF THE BOTANICAL AND AFFORESTATION

DEPARTMENT FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency

the Officer Administering the Government.

No. 15.

BOTANIC GARDENS, HONGKONG, 4th June, 1898.

SIR,I have the honour to forward my Report on the work of this department for 1897.

STAFF.

2. The Superintendent was absent on leave from March 19th to November 14th, during which time Mr. TUTCHER, the Assistant Superintendent, acted as locum tenens, and I am pleased to say he discharged his duties satisfactorily.

The second clerk, Mr. CHAN TSUN UN, was promoted to a post in the Medical Department on the 26th April, and he was succeeded by Mr. WONG KWONG MING on June 4th.

QUARTERS FOR CHINESE STAFF,

3. The Workmen's Quarters-Gardeners' Cottages is an inappropriate termn-referred to in para- graph 6 of my report for 1896, were completed and occupied in September. The building contains accommodation suitable in every respect for 12 married men and their families and 30 single men, and the basements are well adapted and used as tool-rooms, &c.

REVENUE.

4. The receipts were :-

From Plant Sales

Loan of Plants.....

"?

39

Forestry Products

Total.......

$880.30

227.99

573.69

$1,681.98

The receipts from plant sales and loan of plants amounted to $1,108.29, being an increase of $87.24 over those of the previous year.

BOTANIC GARDENS.

IMPROVEMENTS.

5. The site on which the workmen's old buildings stood has been enclosed by a substantial and ornamental wall on the sides next the roads, and by a bamboo hedge on the nullah side, and the ground has been laid out in terraces which are to a great extent covered over with suitable roofing to provide shade for plants in pots. The whole of the collection of loan plants in pots, which numbers about 1,300 specimen plants, is now accommodated in this place, which is much more convenient and economical for management than as they were before-scattered in different parts of the gardens and in the Government House grounds wherever places could be found for them.

6. The flat roof of reed shading over No. 3 plant house-a fern house-has been replaced with an iron-span framework supported on iron pillars-three and five-inch piping-on which are fixed split bamboos, with their concave sides uppermost, at about one inch apart. The advantages gained by this arrangement are greater durability and elegance and the carrying off of two-thirds of the rain- fall instead of plants growing underneath receiving the whole rainfall as formerly, which was inju rious to many of the more delicate kinds. This will also save the loss of time and trouble in rolling off the reed shading on every threatened typhoon which it was necessary should be done to save it from destruction by wind.

7. Split bamboos have also replaced the reed shading on the curved iron framework over No. 9 house, and a plant-shed in the nursery.

I hope as opportunity and means permit to continue similar improvements to other plant-houses.

318

8. Iron and wire trellises five feet high and 284 feet long, on which creepers are trained, have been constructed between the plant-houses in the east garden and the higher ornamental grounds so as to screen from view the tops of the houses.

9. A large retaining wall, near the plant-houses, built when the gardens were formed upwards of 30 years ago, collapsed in a deluge of rain, and was afterwards rebuilt.

10. Near this, place a bamboo hedge was planted across the southern corner of the garden in order to screen that portion of ground which has now to be used for purposes of utility rather than

ornament.

PLANT-HOUSES.

11. These have been all kept in good preservation, which, however, requires constant attention on account of the perishable nature of many of them.

12. The collections of plants in the houses are all in good order and health.

The orchids are chiefly in Nos. 1 and 10; they have much improved and increased in number, chiefly by purchases when I was in England, by a handsome donation by Messrs. J. VEITCH & SONS, of London, and by exchanges with Mr. PECHE, of Burmalı, and Mr. CUNDALL, of Manila. There has been a good show of bloom during the year. In Appendix A I give a list of those in cultivation and those kinds which have flowered during the year.

13. I also give in Appendix B a list of ferns in cultivation.

AVIARIES AND DEER PENS.

14. The animals and birds are very attractive to visitors and the collection might be increased to advantage, but the aviary in the east garden is dilapidated and urgently needs rebuilding in substantial and imperishable material, which I hope it may soon be possible to do.

DISTRIBUTION AND INTERCHANGE OF PLANTS.

15. This work has been carried on as usual.

Acclimatizing Association, Southern California. Barton, J.

Botanic Gardens, Bangalore.

British Guiana.

"

>>

Natal.

Jamaica.

Ootacumund.

>>

11

>>

>>

Penang.

""

>>

15

""

""

**

12

";

""

:)

Bourne, F. S. A.

Royal, Ceylon.

Kew.

Trinidad.

Saharunpur. Sydney.

Cundall, C. H., Manila.

The following were the principal recipients:- Acclimatizing Association, Southern California. Balbas, Venancio, Manila.

Barton, J.

Botanic Gardens, Adelaide.

""

>>

37

""

**

""

""

Bangalore. Baroda, India.

British Guiana.

Grenada. Mauritius. Nagpur, India. Royal, Calcutta.

""

""

Kew.

22

""

Trinidad.

15

Sierra Leone.

11

The chief donors were:-

Dammann & Co., Italy. Henry, Dr., Mengtse. Humphreys, H.

Koebele, A., Honolulu.

Lawrence, Bt., Sir Trevor, England.

Loher, A., Manila.

Niedhardt, E.

Osmond, J. H., Manila.

Pettigrew, A. W.

Peché, G., Moulmein.

Roebelen, C.

Stevens, T. L.

Veitch, J. & Sons, Limited, London. Walker, Frank, Tasmania.

Botanic Gardens, Tokio, Japan. Cundall, C. H., Manila.

Hill, W., Queensland

Osmond, J. H., Manila.

Peché, G., Moulmein.

Public Gardens and Plantations, Jamaica. Public Museum, Milwauke.

Roebelen, C.

Royal Naval Hospital.

Scharff and Shorting, California.

Siemssen, G., Foochow,

Stephens M. J. D.

Walker, J. Pokfulam.

sales.

PLANT SALES.

16. The number of plants sold was 3,717, and they realised $880, a slight increase over the 1896

i

LOAN OF PLANTS.

319

:

17. The number of plants lent was 4,466, for which $227.99 was collected, which are consider- able increases over the previous year's returns.

RAINFALL.

18. The rainfall at the gardens was 110.27 inches. The daily returns are given in Appendix C. I am indebted to Mr. L. GIBBS, of the Public Works Department, for the accurate altitude of the rain gauge, which he found to be 306.8 feet above mean sea level.

HERBARIUM AND LIBRARY.

19. Annual Reports, Bulletins, &c., have been received from the Botanic Gardens, &c., as follows:-

British Guiana, Ceylon, Calcutta, Dominica, Durban, Grenada, Jamaica, Kew, Kolonial Museun Haarlem, Mysore, Palermo, Rio de Janeiro, Saharunpur, Straits Settlements, Sierra Leone, Trinidad, the Horticultural Society of India, the Agri-Horticultural Society Madras, the Agricultural Departments Cape of Good Hope, England, India, United States of America, Queensland, and Victoria Reports of Forest Administration in Ajmere, Andamans, Balu- chistan, Bombay Presidency, Burma, Central Provinces, Ceylon, Hyderabad, Bengal, Madras Presidency, North-West Provinces and Oudh, Punjab, and Western Australia. The following works have also been added to the library:--

Presented:-

Catalogue of Plants growing in the open air in the Garden of Thos Hanbury. Presented by Thos. Hanbury, Esq.

Commercial Plants and Drugs, 1897. Present-

ed by Messrs. Christy & Co.

Flora Forestière de la Cochin-Chine, Part XXII.

Presented by Royal Gardens, Kew.

Flora of British India, Part XXII. Presented

by Royal Gardens, Kew.

Purchased:

Botanical Magazine, 1897.

Extra Tropical Plants, Von Mueller.

Flora Capensis, Vol. VI. Part I.

Gardeners' Chronicle, 1897.

Hand List of Tender Monocotyledons, 1897.

Presented by Royal Gardens, Kew. Hooker's Icones Plantarum, Vol. VI., Parts 1 and 2. Presented by the Bentham Trustees through Royal Gardens, Kew. New Natal Plants, decade I. J. Medley Wood.

Presented by the Author.

Index to the Street, Houses aud Leased Lots,

Hongkong.

Monographiae Phanerogamarum, Vol. Nonum.

De Candolle.

20. My absence on leave in England prevented any work in the incorporation of additional specimens in the collections of dried plants.

The dried specimens which are scientifically arranged are contained in 26 cabinets, each cabinet containing 10 drawers.

FORESTRY.

21. Planting operations for the year were completed before I left for England in March, the season having been favourable for early work. The total number of trees planted was 26,066.

The usual tabular statement is contained in Appendix D.

22. Alterations and improvements of roads, and the extension of recreation grounds in the Happy Valley necessitated the transplanting of 46 large road-side trees; most of these trees were of great age and about 30 feet high; the operations were successful in all but four cases.

About 800 feet of the road on the eastern side of the recreation ground extension was planted with young trees of camphor and Albizzia.

A hedge of bamboos 2,000 feet in length was placed along three sides of the recreation ground. 23. Mr. WILLIAM FAWCETT, M.A., Director of the Botanical Department, Jamaica, in bis Bulletin for October, 1896, refers as follows to a communication from a late celebrated botanist :-

"Baron Sir F. VON MUELLER, the veteran Government Botanist of Victoria, who has done so much for the economic botany of the world, sent to the Director in April, 1895, seeds of a Melaleuca (M. leucadendron), to which he thus refers:-This tree should become of the utmost importance also to the Western Hemisphere. As a tropical tree, fit to grow in malarial swamps, and containing in its foliage much antiseptic and antimiasmatic oil, it deserves your special attention. It will grow where no Eucalyptus could be reared.'

This tree was introduced to our gardens, where it is an ornamental object, many years ago, and last year I had seeds collected from which about 2,000 seedlings were reared; these have been planted this year in the vicinity of Kennedy Town Hospital.

320

The late Baron Sir F. VON MUELLER had corresponded regularly on botanical subjects and exchanged seeds, &c., with this department for a great number of years, and to him, I believe, I was indebted for the seeds from which our original trees were raised.

24. The exhaustion of soil in nurseries owing to repeated cropping and the removal with the trees of a portion of soil during many years renders it much more difficult than formerly to rear trees for planting, and the rapid absorption of lands, previously under cultivation, for other public works and industries has left very little suitable land available for tree nurseries, so that it is impossible to obtain desirable change of land.

THINNING OF PLANTATIONS.

25. Plantations in 13 localities were thinned by the removal of 23,444 trees. Particulars are given in Appendix E.

PROTECTIVE SERVICE.

26. Illicit tree-cutting greatly increased in the past year, 1,961 trees having been cut. The number of convictions obtained was 59.

This branch of work formed the subject of a special report in C.S.O. No. 254 of 1898 where suggestions were made for action which, it is anticipated, will have the effect of checking the destruction of trees.

FIRES.

27. Grass fires were again less numerous and destructive; there were only 15 fires, and trees were destroyed in only four cases, the total number being 1,185. A list of localities where fires occurred and the number of trees destroyed are furnished in Appendix F.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

Appendix A.

CHARLES FORD, Superintendent,

Botanical and Afforestation Department.

ORCHIDS CULTIVATED IN THE BOTANIC GARDENS.

Those marked * have flowered during the year.

* Acampe multiflora.

Erides affine.

Lawrenciæ.

99

Leeanum.

""

Lobbii.

12

odoratum.

25

"

""

quinquevulnerum.

suavissimum.

testaceum.

Anæctochilus Dawsonianus.

"

Roxburghii.

"

sp.

Ansellia africana. Appendicula bifaria. * Arundina chinensis. *Bletia byacinthina.

Bulbophyllum delitescens.

""

radiatum. siamense.

*

*

Cattleya Leopoldii.

*

Loddigesii Harrisonae. Mendelii.

Mossiae.

"

Trianaei.

"

* Cleisostoma Fordii.

*

""

virginale.

Coelogyne cristata.

fimbriata.

""

*

33

flaccida,

"

lentiginosa.

*

*

pandurata.

Schilleriana.

*

speciosa.

* Cottonia Championii.

* Cymbidium aloifolium.

"

39

**

19

29

"9

sp.

"

sp.

""

sp.

*Calanthe vestita.

"

*

Intea.

"

39

eburneum. elegans. ensifolium. pendulum. sinense.

sp.

sp.

rosea.

* Calathea curculigoides.

"

Veitchii.

veratrifolia.

Cattleya bicolor.

crispa superba. Dowiana.

??

17

aurea.

1)

"

11

Eldorado. Gaskelliana.

"

2

Gigas.

*

labiata.

Lawrensiana.

33

*

";

>>

Cypripedium argus.

Ashburtoniæ.

barbatum O Brieni.

bellatulum.

;

"}

Calypso.

29

Charlesworthii.

ciliolare.

39

..

Cythera.

"

*3

Dayanum. Euryale.

Exul.

་་

Germinyanum.

Godseffianum. Haynaldianum.

ORCHIDS CULTIVATED IN THE BOTANIC GARDENS,---Continued.

Cypripedium Hornianum.

>>

Janthe.

"

Lathamianum.

* Eria rosea.

*

sp.

sp.

}"

19

Lowei.

Leeanum.

Mastersianum.

*

་་

niveum.

51

Orestes.

41

Parishii.

"?

34

་་

philippinense.

purpuratum.

radiosum.

Schroderæ.

Sedeni.

candidulum.

Spicerianum.

**

*

*

*

*

*

sp.

Goodyera procera.

Grammatophyllum Rumphianum. Habenaria linguella.

22

""

"

Miersiana.

militaris. rhodocheila.

Susannæ.

*Hamaria discolor.

Laelia anceps.

autumnalis.

*

22

Dayaua. Perrinii.

>

"

321

31

Stonei.

superciliare.

T. B. Haywood.

villosum.

* Dendrobium aduncum.

var hircoglossum.

aggregatum. albosangineum.

99

"9

"

19

aureum.

*

chrysotoxum.

་་

crassinode.

"

cretaceum.

crumenatum.

13

Dearei.

"

Dalhousieanum.

densiflorum.

Draconis.

Farmerii.

fimbriatum oculatum. Findleyanum.

formosum giganteum.

fuscatum.

hainanense.

Loddigesii.

91

Hillii.

""

*

34

*

luteolum.

"?

Macraei.

55

19

moschatum.

purpurata.

Limatodes gracilis.

Liparis chloroxantha.

*

*

J

nervosa.

"" sp.

* Microstylis congesta.

*

Miltonia Morelliana.

"

sp.

*

Nephelaphyllum cristatum.

*

Odontoglossum cirrhosum.

grande.

Pescatorei.

Oncidium flexuosum.

وو

sphacelatum.

Peristeria elata.

* Phaius albus.

*

*

""

Bensoniæ.

grandifolius.

Marshallianus.

Phalaenopsis amabilis.

leucorrhods.

Phalaenopsis Luddemanniana.

23

var hieroglyphica.

rosea.

"

Schillerana.

""

Stuartiana.

""

sp.

19

**

""

uobile. Palpebrae. Parishii.

Phalaenopsis Schroderiana

Pierardi. plicatile.

primulinum.

secundum.

91

,

superbum.

thyrsiflorum. tortile.

Victoria Regina. virginalis.

* Pholidota chinensis.

imbricata.

Platyclinis sp.

Pogonia Fordii.

* Renanthera bilinguis.

coccinea.

storiei.

Saccolabium curvifolium.

"

J

guttatum. Roxburghii.

* Sarcanthus formosanus.

teretifolius.

vanda densiflora.

"

》་

violaceum.

23

**

>>

sp.

*

sp.

*

sp.

*

sp.

*

sp.

**

sp.

sp.

*1

sp.

#

2

sp.

sp.

* Tainia augustifolia.

Vanda Batemanni.

Boxallii.

sp.

sp.

11

*

densiflora.

**

sp.

Hookeriana.

""

sp.

"

laevigata.

*

"J

*

24

flava.

"

29

pusilla.

* Doritis Wightii. * Eria ambrosa.

convallarioides.

Corneri.

*

Sanderiana.

"

***

25

suavis.

""

teres. tricolor.

"

"

sp.

CHARLES FORD. Superintendent,

Botanical & Afforesttaion Department.

322

Appendix B.

LIST OF FERNS CULTIVATED IN THE BOTANIC GARDENS.

Acrostichum appendiculatum.

Cibotium glaucum.

flagelliferum.

quercifolium.

repandum.

Adiantum æthiopicum.

Bausei.

**

Capillus-veneris.

caudatum.

concinnum.

cuncatum.

*

var. gracillimum.

najus.

cyclosorum.

22

"J

daphnites.

""

diaphanum.

"

Fergusonii.

"

flabellulatum.

formosum.

""

13

hispidulum.

""

Legrandii.

Davallia divaricata.

"

elegans.

fijiensis. var. plumosa. marginalis.

platy phylla. pulcbra. solida.

speluncæ.

tenuifolia.

Didymochloua lunulata.

Gymnogramme calomelanos.

decurrens.

javanica.

Gymnopteris subcrenata.

Lastræa sylvatica.

Lygodium circinatum.

"

japonicum.

scandens.

29

"

"

"

lunulatum.

macrophyllum. peruvianum.

scutum.

tenerum.

var. farleyense.

tetraphyllum. trapeziforme.

Victoriæ.

29

Meniscium simplex.

وو

trifidum.

Mesochlæna polycarpa.

Nephrodium decompositum.

decurrens.

"

""

membranaceum.

molle.

"

""

setigerum. sophoroides.

Nephrolepis biserrata.

Alsophila podophylla.

""

spinulosa.

tomentosa.

Angiopteris evecta.

Aspidium aristatum.

>>

auriculatum.

decurrens, var. major. falcatum.

gracilescens.

laserpitiifolium.

95

membranaceum.

29

podophyllum.

>>

squamulosum.

subtriphyllum.

var.

bulbosa.

Duffi.

exaltata.

Onychium japonicum. Osmunda bipinnata.

javanica.

regalis corymbos.

Platycerium alcicorne.

"

sp.

"

sp.

35

vastum.

sp.

sp.

Asplenium caudatum.

29

>>

""

cuneatum. esculentum. heterocarpum.

lanceum.

maximum.

25

nidus.

*1

Prionitis.

J+

resectum.

"

Wichuræ.

""

Wightianum.

sp.

Blechnum braziliense.

orientale.

Brainea insignis.

Cænopteris Sieboldii.

Polypodium adnascens.

*

"

"

**

39

amœnum.

conjugatum. difforme.

hemionitideum.

longissimum.

nigrescens.

normale.

triphyllum.

sp.

Pteris argyrea.

"

23

biaurita.

crenulata.

cretica, var. albo-lineata. longifolia.

quadriaurita.

semipinnata.

serrulata.

tremula.

Todea harbara.

Woodwardia orientalis.

CHARLES FORD,

Superintendent,

Botanical & Afforestation Department.

+

1.

Appendix C.

RAINFALL OBSERVATIONS MADE AT THE BOTANIC GARDENS, DURING 1897.

RAIN GAUGE 306-8 FEET ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL.

323

DATE.

Jan.

Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

2,

3,

4,

5,

6,

7,

8.

9.

10,

:

:

:

:

11,

12.

13.

.14

1.39

.04

.19

.02

14,

15,

16,

.01

.37

.31

:

.06

.07

2.83

.05

.02

:

.28

.18

.07

4.11

.02

.08

.02

.07

.17

.32

:སྐྱ

.12

.50

:

:

:

:

:

:

:.

.63

4.67

:

:

.65

.01

:

.27

:

.12

1.85

.11

.01

.06

1.25

.93

.05

.09

.01

2.71

.65

.12

:

:

:

:

:

1.20

:

:སྐྱ

2.47

.11

=

.19

.06

.03

.01

.17

8.18 4.10

.31

.08

.50

.01

.04

.37

.01

.28

.32

.24

.14

.06

.90

.37

1.89

4.

:

:

:

.07

.16

3.61

.04

.01

.04

.01

.02

:

.06

.01

.23

.01

.01

.96

1.95

:

:

:..

:

:

:

:

:

.14

.26

4.11

.08

:.

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:.

:.

:

:

:

:

.:..

:.

.03

.12

.02

.19

1.35

.69

3.18

.43

.01

.11

.07

1.01

.16

.01

6.22

:

:

.37

.35

.36

3.47

1.04

.09

.64.

.30

.57

.02

.01

:

.21

.19

.01

.02

.20

.31

.01

.03

:

:

.22

.46

.06

3.12

1.22

.01

:

:

:

:

:

.74

.02

:

:

:

:

:

.30

.63

.53

:

:

:

:

.03

1.26

1.97

:

:

:

.18

:

:

:

.18

.74

3.19

37 1.35

:

:

:

.03

.19

.03

.27

.14

:.

.04

.28

.02

.06

:

.01

.04

..

:

:

:

:

5.15

.03

:.

:

3.50

.20

.14

.07

.54

.07

.92

:

:

:

F:

:

.24

.02

:

:.

:

:

:

:

:

.05

:

:

.03

.06

:

:

17,

.05

.05

18,

.11

.01

19,

20,

21,

22,

23,

24,

25,

26,

27.

28.

:

:

29.

:ལྦུ

.02

30,

.07

31,

Total,..... 2.01

1.74

.79

2.87

16.64 26.64

6.79 30.41

6.95

7.20 7.83

.40

Total inches for the year=110.27. Observations made at 10 a.m.

CHARLES FORD,

Superintendent,

Botanical & Afforestation Department.

324

Appendix D.

STATISTICS OF PLANTING OPERATIONS.

Tristanea Cunning- Cain-

LOCALITY.

Pinus Massoni-

Pinus

Thu

conferta.

ana.

bergii.

hamia sinensis.

Eugenia phor. odorata.

Area

Bamboos.

Miscel- laneous.

in Acres.

Grand Total of Trees.

Upper Albert Road,..

Bowen Road,. Bowrington, Garden Road,

Bonham Road,

Mount Kellett,

Pokfoolam,

Richmond Road,

Sookunpo,

Wanchai Gap,

Government Civil Hospital,

Botanic Gardens,

152

20

172

50

42

92

62

522

14

598

180

39

219

12

12

192

192

19/1/0

23,596

6

رف

6

120

120

544

136

136

379

379

10,661

2,857

6,253 3,045 780

544

Total.....

10,661

3,401

6,253 3,045

842

382

1,388

94

20/1/

26,066

CHARLES FORD,

Botanical & Afforestation Department.

Superintendent,

Aberdeen,

Bowen Road,

Little Hongkong,.

Mount Davis,

Mount Kellett,

Pokfoolam,

Richmond Road,.

Sookunpoo,

Tytam Tuk,

Victoria Peak,

Wanchai Gap,

West Point,

Wongneichung,

Appendix E.

SALE OF FORESTRY PRODUCTS.

Localities.

Pine Trees.

Tree Pruning,....

Total Revenue for Forestry Products,......

Quantity.

Amount realized.

cts.

3,515

36.37

2,883

73.38

26

1.50

1,624

45.47

568

10.92

2,832

62.28

1,273

46.16

142

4.20

1

.11

43

5.02

2,690

45.84

545

24.29

7,302

187.14

23,444

542.68

77,544 catties.

31.01

573.69

CHARLES FORD,

Superintendent,

Botanical & Afforestation Department.

T

Date.

Appendix F.

STATISTICS OF GRASS FIRES.

1897.

January

""

1

Tytam Tuk,

Stanley Road,

Tytam Tuk,

""

Ngau Tau Wan,

Wanchai and Aberdeen Road,

Mount Kellett,

""

12

"

Stanley Gap,

March

April

9

Mount Davis,

16

Tytam Tuk,.

5

Kai Lung Wan,

27

99

Sandy Bay,

Sai Wan,

May

1

September 23

December 19

Aplichau, Stanley,

Wong Ma Kok,

Localities.

325

Number of Fires.

Number of Trees destroyed.

1

614

1

528

1

1

15

1

1

1

1

1

1

28

1

1

15

1,185

:

CHARLES FORD,

Superintendent,

Botanical & Afforestation Department.

423

No. 93

33

98

HONGKONG.

REPORT ON THE EPIDEMIC OF BUBONIC PLAGUE IN HONGKONG IN THE YEAR 1898.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

To The President

of the SANITARY BOARD.

SANITARY BOARD OFFICES, HONGKONG, 25th August, 1898.

SIR,-I have the honour to submit for the information of His Excellency the Officer Administer- ing the Government the following Report upon the epidemic of Bubonic Fever (Plague) which has occurred during the current year.

The total number of cases reported has been 1,315, of which 75 were among non-Chinese; during the first quarter of the year 213 cases occurred (7 being non-Chinese), during the second quarter there were 1,094 cases (66 of which were among non-Chinese), while during July there were 7 cases (2 being non-Chinese), and during August one case was reported, but this was subsequently consider- ed to have been one of Remittent Fever.

The following is a tabular statement of the non-Chinese cases :-

European,

Portuguese,

Indian,..

Japanese,

Filipinos,

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Total.

1

3

1

1

1 8 15

6

∞ co a ∞

2

26

13

...

4

24

10

1 1

2

2

5

27 35

4

2 75

The incidence of the disease upon the two sexes is shown in the following table:-

Chinese cases,..

Non-Chinese cases,.

J Male,......775 Female,...465

J Male,...... 52

Female,... 23(

=1,240

=75

It is interesting to note that among the Chinese the females suffered in a much less proportion during the first quarter of the year than during the second quarter; thus during January-March there were 206 Chinese cases of which 59 were females or 28.6 per cent., while during April-June there were 1,028 Chinese cases of which 383 were females or 37.2 per cent.

The proportion of females in the Chinese population is 29.9 per cent., and I think that the much higher proportion of female cases during the second quarter suggests that many of the earlier cases were imported by males (who are naturally the greater travellers) and that, when the infection had thus become again located in the houses, the women suffered more severely, as would be expected, from the fact that they are more confined to the houses than are the men.

A consideration of the ages of the patients shows that Chinese children suffered very consider- ably, for there were 299 Chinese cases at ages under 15 years, which is equal to more than 24 per cent. of the total cases whereas the proportion of children under that age in the Chinese population is only 18 per cent.

The death-rate among the Chinese was considerably higher than among the non-Chinese, for of the 75 non-Chinese cases 49 died or 65.3 per cent., whereas of the 1,240 Chinese cases 1,111 died or 89.6 per cent.; the determining causes of this higher mortality being, no doubt, inferior physique, less healthy surroundings and lack of the necessary medical treatment of the disease.

424

The City of Victoria is divided into ten Health Districts, and the first of these to be declared infected with Bubonic Fever were Districts 2, 4, 5, and 5, on March 24th; the remaining districts of the City were subsequently declared infected as were also the districts in the Kowloon peninsula, comprising the villages of Yaumati, Taikoktsui, Mongkoktsui and lunghom.

With a view to combating the epidemic the following officers were appointed by His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, in accordance with bye-law 25 made under section 13 of Ordinance 15 of 1894, to assist the Medical Officer of Health in inspecting and reporting upon dirty or insanitary premises :-

Honourable F. H. MAY, C.M.G., Captain Superintendent of Police;

Mr. FRANK BROWNE, Acting Government Analyst;

Mr. JOSEPH J. BRYAN, Assistant Sanitary Surveyor.

And the following additional staff was placed at our disposal:-

13 European Police Officers.

1 Naval chief petty officer.

24 Sappers and Privates.

16 Chinese Constables.

About 300 coolies.

The various duties performed by these officers and men, in association with the Board's perma- nent staff, were as follows:-

1. Removal of the sick and of dead bodies.

2. Detention of persons who had been in contact with the sick, pending the disinfection

of their clothing.

3. Disinfection of infected clothing.

4. Disinfection of infected premises.

5. Temporary accommodation of persons displaced during the disinfection of infected

premises.

6. House to house visitation, and inspection.

7. House to house cleansing and lime-washing.

8. Disinfection of Public Latrines.

9. Extra flushing of sewers.

(1.) The removal of sick persons and of dead bodies was undertaken by the Inspectors of Nuisances in charge of the several districts, information of the existence of such cases being conveyed to them by messages sent from the Police Stations nearest to their residences; after May 5th, however, it was found-more convenient for these removals to be effected by the Police, and this was arranged accord- ingly.

Ambulances and dead boxes are kept at the Board's matshed shelters at Praya East, Taiping- shan and Praya West, at Hunghom and Yaumati, and also at the Tung Wah Hospital. Patients were taken direct to Kennedy Town Hospital and placed in observation wards there until seen by the Medical Officer in charge, until the Native Plague Hospital was opened on May 2nd, (vide infra) after which date all Chinese patients were taken to the Tung Wah Hospital and there examined by Dr. CHUNG, whence those certified to be suffering from Bubonic Fever were drafted to the Native Hospital, or to the European Hospital, as they desired.

Dead bodies were all taken direct to the Public Mortuary at West Point, and were there examined by the Medical Officer in charge, and such as had died of Bubonic Fever were removed to the Plague Cementery at Kennedy Town under the superintendence of a private of the Royal Engineers, and interred there, chloride of lime or carbolized sawdust being placed in the coffins.

(2.) The detention of persons who had been in contact with the sick, pending the disinfection of their clothing and bedding, was effected by Chinese lukongs obtained from the nearest Police Stations by the Inspector of Nuisances of the district in which the infected premises were situated.

(3.) The Inspector furnished the occupants so detained in their own dwellings with suitable clothing, obtained from one of the aforesaid matshed shelters or from the disinfecting station in High Street, and sent the clothing of the persons so detained in baskets, accompanied by a list of the articles sent, to the disinfecting station in charge of a Chinese or Portuguese foreman, who waited at the station while the clothing was disinfected and then returned with it to the house; the period of deten- tion thus did not exceed some two or three hours.

(4.) This clothing was then returned to the owners who were then required to vacate the house for a few hours while the Inspector disinfected, and

}

.

:

1

7

425

(5.) Cleansed it; during this time they were at liberty to go to the Board's matshed shelters and had occasionally to spend one night there pending the proper disinfection of their premises, but were not detained there, being at liberty to go about their daily avocations. When this cleansing and dis- infection of the premises was complete the people were permitted to return to their houses.

(6.) A house to house visitation, in search of cases of the disease and of dead bodies, was performed by Police and Soldiers under the control of the Captain Superintendent of Police, (vide also Appendix B.), and these search parties succeeded in discovering 106 cases and dead bodies, while another fifteen cases were brought to light by Chinese detectives. A house to house inspection was at the same time made, in the infected districts, by the Medical Officer of Health and the officers especially appointed by the Board with the approval of the Governor, in accordance with Bye-law 25 made under section 13 of Ordinance 15 of 1894 who certified in writing what premises were to be

(7.) Cleansed and lime-washed; and this cleansing was done by gangs of coolies in charge of Police and Soldiers, while the lime-washing was done by contract and had to be done to the satisfaction of the Inspecting Officer.

(8.) The disinfection of the public latrines was effected by means of chloride of lime which was supplied to each latrine by the Board and was used under the direction of the Inspectors of Nuisances.

(9.) The extra flushing of the sewers was arranged by the Director of Public Works and was effected by increasing the frequency of the discharges of the flushing tanks which are placed at the heads of all the main sewers.

The care of the sick was undertaken by the Medical Department, but, in consequence of the difficulty experienced in getting the Chinese to submit to Western treatment, it was decided by the Government to permit the opening of a Native Plague Hospital, under European supervision, and on May 2nd such a hospital was opened at Kennedy Town, within the compound of the Government Infectious Diseases Hospital, and Dr. THOMSON was placed in charge of the sanitary arrangements. This hospital remained open until June 27th, and during that time 224 patients applied for treatment, of whom 209 were suffering from Bubonic Fever; the total number of deaths that occurred there was 173, giving a rate of mortality of 82.8 per cent., as compared with the general rate among the Chinese of 89.6 per cent. which shows, as might be expected, that hospital treatment even by Chinese doctors, under European supervision, produces slightly better results than obtain when the patient is treated by Chinese in his own home. The night-soil from the patients at both Hospitals was burnt, by mingling it with sawdust, sprinkling this with paraffin oil, and placing it on the top of a wood pyre erected on an improvised incinerator within the Hospital compound. The incinerator was of the simplest des- cription, consisting of a couple of parallel walls about 2 feet 6 inches high and 6 feet long, with a grating of iron bars across the top, the ground surface between the walls being concreted.

Owing to the proximity of the mainland of China, a considerable number of sick Chinese escaped daily from the Colony, and made their way to Chinese Kowloon (where a small matshed hospital, free from European control. was established) or to the delta of the Canton river, and thus endangered the future welfare of this Colony by infecting neighbouring rural districts which had hitherto kept free from the disease. With a view to restricting this exodus of infectious persons, the police patrol iu the harbour was increased, and the following regulations were adopted by the Board :-

CONDITIONS SUBJECT TO WHICH PERSONS SUFFERING FROM BUBONIC FEVER WILL BE

PERMITTED TO LEAVE THE COLONY.

Any person suffering from bubonic fever who wishes to leave the Colony may embark between the hours of 6 a.m. and 6 p.m. at a wharf to be erected off the new Reclamation in front of Bonham Strand West subject to the following conditions:-

(1) The patient or his friend shall notify the patient's name and address or addresses at which he has been residing during the last ten days to an officer of the Sanitary Board on duty at the wharf.

(2) The destination to which the patient is to be removed shall be notified to the officer on

duty at the wharf.

(3) The patient or his friends must provide a licensed junk, or licensed boat (the latter to be towed by a launch) in which the patient is to be reinoved, and must furnish the officer on duty with the number of such junk or boat and the name of such steam-launch. (4) No removals will be permitted to places within a radius of 40 miles of the Colony. (5) The junk or boat used for the conveyance of the patient must on its return to the Colony at once proceed to the Water Police Station at Tsim Sha Tsui for disinfection.

426

Very few sick persons, however, availed themselves of this official permission to leave the Colony, but a considerable number were still smuggled away, the object being to get out of the Colony without furnishing the addresses at which they had been residing, and it is this suppression by the Chinese of the addresses of infected premises that has necessitated, in each epidemic, a general house to house cleansing and disinfection. A certain number of dead bodies were removed from the Colony under similar restrictions, but, with regard to these also, smuggling was not uncommon, dead plague bodies being even conveyed to Canton in ordinary boxes as cases of hardware, etc., so as to avoid their

nterment at the Plague Cemetery.

Considerable assistance was rendered to the Board by Mr. H. M. HILLIER, Commissioner of Customs, and the Chinese Officials on the mainland, by furnishing the addresses of fugitives from the Colony who landed in the neighbourhood, thus enabling the Officers of the Board to disinfect the premises whenever there appeared to be any reason to suppose that a case of Bubonic Fever had occurred therein.

I attach a list of the addresses of all cases which occurred in the City of Victoria during 1896 and a parallel list of the addresses of cases which occurred this year, and from these lists it will be seen that in no less than 77 houses out of a total of 599 houses known to have been infected, cases occurred during each of these years. The total number of houses in the city of Victoria is roughly 7,000 (exclusive of Barracks and Police Stations) so that the presumption is that many of these 77 houses had retained the infection of the disease since 1896, and not that they were re-infected afresh this year.

I have already somewhat fully discussed the actiology of the disease in my Annual Report for 1897, but for convenience of reference and to render this report more complete, I append herewith a reprint of the remarks made by me at that time: "This (ie., the occurrence of cases in houses pre- viously infected) appears to me to suggest that the infection of the disease adheres most tenaciously to dwellings which have once become infected, and in view of much of the experimental evidence con- cerning the vitality of the Bubonic Fever bacillus under certain conditions, I am strongly inclined to apply, tentatively, Sanarelli's theory concerning the bacillus of Yellow Fever, namely, that the vitality of the bacillus, outside the living bodies of man and animals, depends largely upon the co-existence of vegetable moulds by which it is nourished, to the infective material of this disease also. It is already well known that a moist atmosphere, defective ventilation, a moderate amount of heat, and the absence of sunlight, are the most favourable conditions for the development of the Bubonic Fever bacillus, while they are also the conditions which encourage the free growth of the vegetable moulds, and it is not unreasonable therefore to surmise that this property of symbiosis, which has also been observed by Metchinkoff in connection with the bacillus of cholera, may have not a little to do with the persistence of the bacillus of Bubonic Fever in damp and ill-ventilated dwellings. This theory may perhaps also serve to throw a side-light upon the origin of the recent epidemic of Bubonic Fever in Bombay and other parts of India, for one of the causes to which the outbreak was freely attributed by scientific authorities on the spot was the consumption of inferior qualities of mouldy grain, which if imported from a district in which the disease is endemic, such as parts of China or North-west India, might well have conveyed the specific bacillus. The following extract from the Indian press bears out this point. In a public lecture in the Sassoon Institute, Bombay, Dr. G. WATERS disposed of the theory that Bubonic Fever had been imported into Bombay from Hongkong by rats in ships. He inclined to the belief that it was not introduced from other ports, but had its origin in the large granaries of the Mandvie quarter of the town.

of the town. The first outbreak was among the granary employés, and rat murrain was first discovered there. Surgeon-Colonel CLEGHORN, who has made a special investigation for the Indian authorities holds the same opinion. It is stated as a curions fact by both doctors that wheat and rice eaters have enjoyed almost complete immunity from the disease, which has been most pre- valent among the millet eaters (Hindoos)-millet being a generic term for various kinds of inferior grain. The grain would probably in such a case be primarily infected by rats suffering from the disease, but such infection would only be retained by the inferior and mouldy grain, the bacilli deposited with the excreta in sound, dry grain being unable to retain their vitality during exportation from the infected to uninfected areas. It is an important fact, in this connection, that many of the historical outbreaks of Bubonic Fever have been associated with a failure of the cereal crops and occa- sionally also with outbreaks of ergotism. It is true that the Asiatic races do not eat their rice and other grain uncooked, but most of the inferior grain is ground into flour, which is made into cakes, and the heat necessary to cook these cakes, which are just browned on the outside, is not sufficient to destroy any bacilli there may be in the flour. I do not wish to suggest, however, that diet is the only, or eveu necessarily the most important factor in the dissemination of this disease, for I am still of the opinion that the atmosphere in the immediate neighbourhood of a patient suffering from the disease, where such patient is confined in a dirty, dark and ill-ventilated dwelling, is infective to very much the same extent as in Typhus Fever, and that when such atmosphere is breathed for any length of time by a healthy individual, the bacilli have every opportunity of gaining access to the lymphatic system of the respiratory tract by inhalation, and of the alimentary tract by swallowing the mucus and saliva of the mouth and pharynx, to which any particulate bodies in the atmosphere would naturally adhere. I certainly cannot subscribe, however, for the reasons given in my Annual Report for 1895, to the

""

4

?

1

:

i

}

427

}

#

theory which has been so freely canvassed in connection with the outbreak of this disease in Bombay, that infection is contracted, in the great majority of the cases, by inoculation through small abrasions of the skin. These reasons were that the inguinal and femoral buboes have been found to occur just as frequently among the European cases of the disease, who are carefully shod as among the natives who habitually go barefooted; the Europeans employed in house to house visitation and cleansing work during the Plagne epidemics in this Colony of 1894 and 1896, who contracted the disease, all had femoral or inguinal buboes, although it can hardly be denied that their bare hands and arms were, by the nature of the work in which they were employed, far more exposed to any infection by inocu- lation than were their feet and legs; secondly, that only in very rare cases is there any evidence of a wound, of any local inflammation, or of lymphangitis, although in cases of experimental inoculation of animals these latter have always occurred, except (it is said) in a few cases in which a pure culture of the bacillus has been used, and in view of the fact that pus, blood, sputum and intestinal excreta are the natural media of transmission of the disease, it would be unreasonable to suppose, as is necessary to render this theory of infection by inoculation tenable, that contact of the supposed wound with a pure culture, is in the human subject the almost invariable rule. Another objection to this theory is that none of the diseases which are unquestionably transmitted by inoculation (e.g., rabies, tetanus, charbon, etc.) have hitherto been known to occur in widespread epidemics, and the theory therefore commits us to an entirely new phase in the aetiology of the communicable diseases, and one which certainly ought therefore to be fully substantiated by facts before its advocates can expect it to ineet with general acceptance.

It is difficult, I admit, to explain, with any other theory, why the inguinal and femoral glands should be so frequently the first to betray the disease, but I must confess that I still adhere to the explanation of this fact given by me in my Annual Report for 18 95, namely, that the disease is essen- tially one of the lymphatic system generally, and that, as can be seen at any post-mortem examination, most of lymphatic glands of the body are in a more or less inflamed and irritable condition, while the special enlargement of any particular group of superficial glands (which does not by any means always occur) is due to purely accidental circumstances, such as by the carrying of heavy weights upon one's shoulder (as is invariably done by Asiatics) during the initial period of the disease, great strain being thus thrown upon one leg, by climbing up and down narrow flights of stairs as was done by the Europeans employed in house to house visitation and cleansing (most of the arduous manual labour was performed by coolies acting under the direction of these Europeans) or in fact by any of the ordinary daily avocations of life which happen to be of a laborious nature.

Murchison's opinion, although not perhaps scientifically accurate in the light of modern bacterio- logical research, yet indicates the close resemblance of Typhus Fever and Bubonic Fever, for he wrote: Plague is perhaps the Typhus of warm climates, the two diseases being generated from similar causes and differing only in intensity from the effects of climate and other collateral circumstances."

66

The marked recurrence of cases in houses previously infected, even after an interval of more than twelve months, has convinced me that only the most thorough disinfection, and even in some cases the removal of all existing unsound woodwork, will era licate the disease from an infected dwelling, and I have decided to abolish the processes of disinfection by burning sulphur and by washing the floors with some coal tar preparation, which have hitherto been in vogue in this Colony, and to adopt the system of disinfection, which has proved so successful in Paris, of spraying floors, walls, etc. with a 1 in 1,000 solution of Perchloride of Mercury; the rooms will subsequently be exposed as far as it is practicable in the ill-ventilated and mostly back to back dwellings in which these cases occur, to a free current of air by opening all doors, windows and ventilators as fully as possible, and keeping the premises unoccupied for a few days. There is, however, but one course for the Government to adopt, if this Colony is to be kept free from this and other filth diseases, and that is the absolute prohibition of back to back houses, and the compulsory provision of an adequate amount of light and ventilation in all the Chinese dwellings in the Colony.'

""

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

FRANCIS W. CLARK,

Medical Officer of Health.

A

428

Appendix A.

Addresses of all Cases of Bubonic Fever which were reported as occurring in the City of Victoria during the

Street.

1896.

Years 1896 and 1898.

House No.

No. of Cases.

Street.

1898.

No. of

House No.

Cases.

No. 1 Health District.

Bowrington Canal,...

Coffee Plantation,

1

No. 1 Health District.

Blacksmith's Lane,

2

1

3

""

>>

""

Ewo Street,

""

*"

Hill-side,

Jardine's Bazaar,

28

1

41

1

1

Ewo Street,

1

Fuk Hing Lane,

6

Caroline Hill,

East Point Hill,

(Hon. Bell-Irving's Stables),

Great George Street,

Irving Street,

121 10

2

5

25

2

12

2

25

1

2

1

...

16

13

1

""

>"

"

42

1

15

1

""

""

""

44

1

31

1

99

""

56

1

38

1

""

"

""

""

62

2

Jardine's Bazaar,

5

1

""

70

1

21

1

""

""

""

29

1

37

1

>>

>>

""

33

1

51

1

35

1

60

1

""

>>

""

49

1

1

""

>>

3

Keswick Street,

14

2

>>

Lamont's Lane,

1

1

Lamont's Lane, Leighton Hill Road,

Morrison Hill Road,

1

Leighton Hill Road,

1

...

1

No. 2, Police Station,..

2

2

14

22

2

Praya East,

70

1

122

""

""

"

""

1

161

1

"

""

""

Matshed, Wanchai,

Praya East,

"9

1

""

""

91

1

Quarry Bay Road,

2

...

97

1

Royal Naval Hospital,.

1

>>

"

""

115

1

Russell Street,

...

Race Course, Wanchai Road,

Tung Lo Wan,

2

1

.

3

Valley Road,

1

5

1

Wanchai Road,

11

1

...

>>

,,

19

1

13

1

""

"3

"

"

69

1

25

1

"

A

17

"}

""

33

1

*

69

""

"J

"}

"}

43

2

71

1

""

99

65

1

131

1

وو

""

119

Ι

"}

Chapel,

1

""

Wild Dell Buildings,

1

...

""

School,

Wong Nei Chong,

50

Wong Nei Chong,

Wong Nei Chong Road,

1

Village,

Yee Wo Street,

::::

2

1

(

26

1

2

47

54

No. 2 Health District.

Albany Street,

No. 2 Health District.

·

14

1

...

Albany Street,...

3

1

16

1.

6

1

}

""

""

20

1

7

"

""

""

22

1

8

1

""

29

""

26

2

9

1

"

">

23

3

25

1

18

1

""

""

""

17

27

1

*

19

1

>>

"

""

19

1

1

""

""

""

""

2

......

*Amoy Lane,

2

1

""

*Amoy Lane,

2

1

11

1

"}

"

1

1

16

1

""

""

""

""

>>

>>

22

15

1

1

**

99

18

1

Arsenal Street,

1

Commissariat Lane,

Convent, French,

*Cross Street,

1

Blue Buildings,

4

3

Cross Lane,

1

2

...

وو

* Street,

7

1

7

8

*

"}

"}

""

"

"

""

4

26

2221

16

1

>>

20

1

...

""

*

4

2

""

21

1

77

Carried forward,

26

Carried forward,

23

Street.

Addresses of all Cases of Bubonic Fever, &c.,-Continued.

House No.

No. of Cases.

Street.

429

House No.

No. of Cases.

1896.

1898.

No. 2 Health District,—Contd.

Brought forward,

No. 2 Health District,~Contd.

26

Brought forward,

23

*

Fletcher Street,...

""

23

"7

>>

1

*Cross Street,

26

1

7

31

1

وو

""

9

Fletcher Street,

30

1

35

32

1

10

19

""

*

19

35

1

11

Garden Road, (Dairy Farm),

1

""

""

17

1

Hau Fung Lane,

2

A

19

Ι

Hill-side,

1

3"

""

""

""

21

1

Holy Infant Lane,

1

22

1

""

Kennedy Road, (Laundry),

2

23

1

10

""

""

19

28

1

...

Street,

2

1

""

""

*

31

20

1

27

""

39

2

*King Sing Street,

11

1

وو

"

"2

Garden Road,

Hau Fung Lane,

""

Ι

Lung On Lane,

1

1

8

1

McGregor Barracks,

2

7

1

Street,

27

Hill-side,

3

""

""

Kennedy Road, ...

4

*Murray Barracks,

""

Street,

14

1

Naval Yard,

:མ་::

21

1

34

1

7

1

King Sing Street,

5

1

Nullah Lane,

17

1

...

*

11

1

18

2

""

""

>>

"2

Lung On Street...

.2

26

1

"

"}

*Murray Barracks,

4

27

1

";

"

Nullah Lane,......

1

40

1

})

"

6

1

41

1

"

12

8

1

*

£5

1

"

""

""

12

1

1

""

""

"2

16

*

"

""

13

2

22

**

21

1

"}

}}

A

23

1

"J

>>

""

Praya East,

33

35

"

"

""

"

43

""

}}

22

"1

!

45

1

""

""

""

""

47

1

""

22

19

49

1

19

""

53

1

""

"

"J

Queen's Road East,

""

65

I

*

"}

"J

"

""

3 ::N;

1

3

3

1

1

1

1

5

1

1

1

4

71

""

"

"}

""

"2

(Temple),

1

106

1 1

"}

وو

Praya East,

20

1

112

1

>>

"}

118

1

""

""

Queen's Road East,

124

1.

27.

>>

80

148

Ι

دو

""

"}

""

84

2

151

2

22

"

""

>>

86

*

153

1

""

>>

""

114

154

1

"

""

""

*

116

*

161

1

"

""

>>

""

126

1

164

2

"

}}

"

27

171

1

"

"

>>

47

1

177

2

25

""

8.5

3

180

1

""

22

""

121

1

203

1

>>

37

""

""

143

1

213

1

25

95

"}

""

151

1

223

1

>>

27

""

""

*

153

5

225

1

"2

22

"?

""

157

1

261

1

""

""

>>

27

159

1

265

1

"

""

*

"

༦༤--

""

161

1

6

"

""

""

229

1

Rock Lane,

2

1

""

237

1

Shan Ping Lane,

2

""

""

259

1

1

27

"

,,

"

3

Ship Street,..

7

1

"

Rock Lane, Ship Street,

2

1

*

11

1

"

"

*

2

21

1

....

">

26

32

1

""

23

""

>>

73

""

""

"

*****

""

""

3

1

6

"

""

11

1

Sow Wali Fong,

10

15

14

1

......

>>

""

Carried forward,

133

Carried forward,

134

430

Street.

1896.

Addresses of all Cases of Bubonic Fever, &c.,—Continued.

House No.

No. of Cases.

Street.

House No.

No. of Cases.

No. 2 Health District,-Contd.

*Ship Street,

25

Shek Kai Lane,...

دو

25

Brought forward,

Spring Garden's Lane, Swatow Lane,

"

27

>>

*

27

">

""

14

Tai Wo Street, Tai Wong Street,

""

10

دو

13

وو

""

""

"2

15

""

""

*Tik Lung Lane,

**

">

Tsu Lung Lane, *Ui Hing Lane,.......

دو

2:24:46:00 17:26+

133

21

1.

4

St. Francis Convent,

1

Swatow Lane,.......

No. 2 Health District,--Contd.

1898.

Brought forward,

Spring Garden Lane,

1

NAN:

2

4

>>

>>

>>

Tai Wo Street,

...

وار

"

1

""

1

وو

1

9

2

Tai Wong Street, Tik Lung Lane,

134

2

:23

6

12

13

14

117

2

16

1

3

2

6

1

2:

12

1

...

2

2

1

1

*

>>

2

1

"}

1

4

1

""

1

6

1

"

1

1

"

Triangle Street,

99

15

1

54

1

1

Tsing Kai Lane,

1

}

1

Tsui In Lane,

1

1

1

""

""

20

1

Ui Hing Lane,...

2

1

9

"

1

8

1

""

""

وو

13

1

12

1

>>

27

12

15

1

14

1

""

""

""

27

*

*

1

20

1

27

99

29

1

28

1

""

""

22

**

31

31

1

22

""

1

27

Wanchai Road,

24

1

*Wanchai Road,

26

1

*

26

1

"

32

1

36

2

27

""

>"

34

1

64

1

"3

""

"

>>

52

1

1

>>

""

27

58

2

>>

"3

66

1

"

""

*Wellington Barracks,

Wing Fung Lane East,

1

2

1

***

3

""

27

""

""

West,

5

1

*Wellington Barracks

2

Wing Fung Street,

17

1

Wing Fung Street,

10

20

1

>>

""

9

Ι

24

2

""

""

""

>>

15

26

1

وو

""

""

>>

Wing Fung Lane West,

""

""

2

44

1

12

;"

10

48

1

77

*

27

"7

...

5

1

4

"

""

191

191

No. 3 Health District.

No. 3 Health District.

Beaconsfield Arcade,

Castle Road,

Caine Road,

1

7

1

Bowen Road,

+

21

1

Caine Road,.

""

Cathedral Compound,

*Glenealy,

*Hongkong Hotel,

*Hongkong & Shanghai Bank,

*Italian Convent,

1

Duddell Street,

>>

1

*Glenealy,

1

2

*Hongkong Hotel,

*Hongkong & Shanghai Bank,

1

;

3

4

5

1

1

1

1

Ice House Lane,

1

3

*Italian Convent

1

Kai Un Lane,

Lower Albert Road,

Mosque Terrace,

Mosque Street, ...

1

1

Lower Castle Road,

1

Ι

1

22

Mosque Terrace,...

4

1

1

Mosque Junction,

43

1

1

45

1

""

>>

Matsheds,

2

Mosque Street,..

2

1

19

1

""

"2

37

2

""

""

43

1

""

"

Nethersole Hospital,

Peddar's Street,

Praya Central,...

27

Reclamation (Kien On Mat-

shed),...

1

2

1

Carried forward,

17

Carried forward,

1

26

+

1

:

Addresses of all Cases of Bubonic Fever, &c.,-Continued.

431

Street.

House No.

No. of Cases.

Street.

House No.

No. of Cases.

1896.

1898.

No. 3 Health District,—Contd.

No. 3 Health District,--Contd.

Brought forward,

17

Brought forward,

26

Queen's Road Central,

10

1

Praya Reclamation,

Ι

16

1

Queen's Road Central,

5

1

>>

22

""

"

>>

29

27

""

17

1

17a

1

""

**

21

1

19

1

27

"

24

1

Rednaxella Terrace,

6

1

Seymour Terrace,

6

2

Robinson Road, (Mr. Lemm's

Upper Albert Road,

1

House),

1

Robinson Road,

1

St. Paul's College Pathway,

1

West Terrace,

2

1

West Terrace,...

1

1

Woodland Terrace,

1

2

2

2

""

""

Villa East,..

"

Zetland Street,...

26

41

No. 4 Health District.

*Chinese Street,

No. 4 Health District.

11

2

Arbuthnot Road,

14

1

20

I

Caine Road,......

7

1

"}

97

*Central Police Station,

*Cheuk On Lane,

1

>>

"Kingsclere,"

21

1

3

2

Chuk Hing Lane,

Cochrane Street,

1

32

1

*Central Police Station,...

Central Market (Fish Stall No. 134), Chinese Street,

3

1

9

1

34

1

11

2

29

""

"J

"

39

1

13

1

""

"?

""

"

D'Aguilar Street,

34

1

Chuk Hing Lane,

1

1

37

1

Chuk On Lane,

1

1

">

"

40

1

*

3

1

22

""

""

>>

1

Cochrane Street,

29

1

""

Ezra Lane,

2

1

D'Aguilar Street,

24

2

3

1

38

1

??

92

دو

6

1

52

1

>>

>>

7

1

Elgin Street,

18

1

"

Elgin Street,

""

Gage Street,

Graham Street,

Gutzlaff Street,...

"

9

1

48

I

""

да

19

1

50

1

"2

2

""

Gage Street,

5

1

7

1

9

1

27

2

11

I

وو

54

1

12

1

"

8

1

Graham Street,

23

I

1

43

1

""

*Hing Lung Street, Hollywood Road,

Gutzlaff Street,

*

""

>>

"}

""

*Jubilee Street,..

Li Yuen Street East,

13

*

25

"}

">

"1

12

Street West,

""

19

>>

""

""

Lok Hing Lane,

Lyndhurst Terrace,

""

""

Old Bailey Street, *Pottinger Street,

>>

""

10

13

77

"

27

>>

27

37

Peel Street,

"

""

>>

Praya Central,

""

22

""

**

Queen's Road Central,

""

Carried forward,

88; 25; 85: 9550i aõnн -+5; öğ

19a

1

*Hing Lung Street,

196

1

Hollywood Road,

""

1

8

"}

12

1

27

1

13

1

22

2

18

1

""

"

1

*

196

1

......

""

1

21

1

"}

>>

1

25

Ι

دو

""

1

26

1

""

""

1

46

1

""

""

65

1

22

""

1

2

22

""

1

*Jubilee Street,

13

1

1

14

1

97

1

15

1

27

11

1

"J

""

1

Ku Yau Lane,......

1

1

1

Li Yuen Street East,

1

1

1

1

""

>>

""

1

2

""

"}

""

1

12

1

""

??

""

5

*

25

1

}}

"J

>>

1

""

>>

West,.

8

1

1

11

1

>>

"J

>>

63

Carried forward,

57

432

Street.

Addresses of all Cases of Bubonic Fever, &c.,—Continued.

House No.

No. of Cases.

Street.

House No.

No. of Cases.

1896.

No. 4 Health District,-Contd.

Brought forward,

1898.

No. 4 Health District,-Contd.

63

Brought forward,

57

Queen's Road Central,

2

Pottinger Lane,

3

1

Shelley Street,

"

Street,

11

1

رو

*

""

>>

"

,,

"

1

13

1

""

1

35

1

وو

8

2

43

3

Stanley Street,

11

2

"

22

16

2

Praya Central,...

21

1

""

>>

31

1

39

2

""

>>

""

33

1

>>

(Marine Club),

1

""

36

1

2

"}

"

39

1

Queen's Road Central,

36

1

>>

47

1

37

1

""

"}

};

62

1

45

1

"}

27

84

1

46

2

""

>"

86

1

70

1

">

"3

4

1

"2

""

"

">

Staunton Street,

1

1

4

*Shelley Street,

}}

4

1

10

1

دو

*Tit Hong Lane,

1

Stanley Street,...

5

2

Tung Tak Lane,

1

7

1

""

""

*Victoria Gaol, Wellington Street,

1

14

1

"

"

1

1

21

1

""

""

5

1

24

1

""

33

70

1

**

36

1

"

""

103

1

50

1

17

17

"}

"2

15

1

54

1

"7

17

""

38

1

1

""

"

دو

37

44

4

Staunton Street,

1

"

25

46

1

*Tit Hong Lane,

9

4

>>

62

Tung Tak Lane,

""

""

64

*Victoria Gaol,

"

""

67

Wai San Lane,

2

1

"

""

68

1

5

1

.

""

""

74

1

"

27

22

Tak Lane,

1

1

76

1

2

""

""

80

1

3

1

""

>>

"

91

1

Wellington Street,

14

1

"

""

94

1

41

2

79

"

17

3

58a

1

>>

"

""

39

Wai Tak Lane,

""

Wai San Lane,

Wo On Lane,................

"}

وو

272

1

586

1

"}

""

I

*

70

1

"

>>

5

1

**

103

1

}}

"

2

105

1

19

33

8

1

2

""

27

29

9

1

• S

Wing Wah Lane,

9

1

12

1

*Wo On Lane,.......

8

1

>"

Wyndham Street,

"

*Yan Shau Lane,

31

1

Wyndham Street,

18

1

65

1

59

1

""

"

1

1

73

1

""

27

I

+

""

*Yan Shau Lane,

1

1

3

1

>

**

5

1

"

>>

130

124

No. 5 Health District.

No. 5 Health District.

Alice Memorial Hospital,.......

Aberdeen Street,

5

2

Alveston Terrace,

1

1

16

1

""

Aberdeen Street,

12

1

30

1

""

*

36

1

36

4

RAAA

27

17

2

37

1

"

27

22

26

39

""

37

"

38.

1

51

1

A

>>

""

19

44

55

1

,

""

""

29

57

2

*

57

4

""

>"

"

45

59

1

+ 0.0 0.4,0

"J

ARR

""

47

1

4

"}

97

>>

:

2 Chun Hing Lane,

3

""

Carried forward,

16

Carried forward,

24

Street.

Addresses of all Cases of Bubanic Fever, &c,—Continued.

House No.

No. of Cases.

Street.

433

House No.

No. of Cases.

}

1896.

No. 5 Health District,—Contd.

Caine Road, Gage Street,

1898.

No. 5 Health District,-Contd.

Brought forward,

16

Brought forward,

24

1

Chung Wo Lanc,

6

1

15

1

10

1

17

1

13

2

>>

"}

"

21

1

""

30

1

وو

22

George's Lane,

Gilman Street,

6.

1

""

""

Elgin Street,

27

27

>>

19

1

6

1

17

1

1

1

...

Gage Street,

32

1

:

"

""

5

1

George's Lane,...

2

1

44

1

7

1

"

"

*

"

Gilman's Bazaar,

Gough Steeet,

"

>>

Graham Street, .

3

1

Gilman's Bazaar,

10

1

31

1

15

1

""

20

1

35

1

""

"ን

32

1

36

1

""

""

1

9

1

Gilman Street,... Gough Street,

24

30

17

1

*

32

I

23

>>

17

...

27

33

1

33

""

""

39

1

36

1

22

Hollywood Road (Totsai Chapel),

57

1

1

""

Hollywood Road,

""

67

72

1

وو

Hong Ning Lane,

5

1.

48

1

""

""

I Ou Lane,

4

1

I On Lane,

2

""

""

*Kau U Fong,

"

8

1

3

2

15

1

6

1

2

1

""

"

""

*Mee Lun Lane,...

6

1

1

""

***

""

8

1

Kau U Fong,

1

7

1

2

"

33

""

""

11

1

**

1

""

""

دو

"

Man Hing Lane,

""

1

1

10

1

"}

2

1

3

1

""

""

22

On Wo Lane,..........

3

1

29

Praya Central,

""

""

Pak Tsz Lane,

""

*Peel Street,

52

1

*Mee Lun Lane,

*

On Wo Lane,

Peel Street,

6

1

1

""

4

1

1

3

*

3

1

""

1

3

""

37

1

14

1

""

>>

3

1

21

1

"

11

1

25

2

""

"

""

19

23

1

51

1

""

""

"

1

Praya Central,...

5

"

29

Queen's Road Central,

159

1

Queen's Road Central,

3

Sam Ka Lane,

3

1

*Shin Hing Lane,

4

*Shin Hing Lane,

2

9

1

"3

""

1

Staunton Street,

39

1

""

وو

Shing Wong Street,

41

1

27

"

Staunton Street,...

22

45

1

+99

"2

Synagogue

23

1

48

1

:99

35

1

1

وو

*:

"}

""

"

43

1

Tung Man Lane,

13

1

1

39

Ι

>>

Tung Man Lane,

5

1

Tung Shing Lane,

1

1

17

1

4

2

"}

9.3

""

""

18

1

1

27

""

"}

"

22

1

Tung Wa Lane,

1

""

"

23

1

Wa On Lane,

1

...

""

"

24

1

1

"

""

33

>>

Tung Shing Lane,

9

1

1

""

""

Tung Wah Lane,

1

Wellington Street,

113

1

Un Woo Lane,

2

1

123

1

"}

·29

Wellington Street,

117

1

124

1

>>

22.

186

1

128

1

>>

>>

""

"2

Wing Kat Lane,

9

1

180

1

""

""

Wing On Lane,...

1

192

I

""

""

6

1

Wing On Lane,

4

1

""

38

1

24

1

وو

">

43

1

Yan Wo Lane,...

1

1

""

""

44

2

""

""

45

+

77

90

106

}

434

Street.

Addresses of all Cases of Bubonic Fever, &c.,--Continued.

House No.

No. of Cases.

Street.

House No.

No. of Cases.

1896.

No. 6 Health District.

1898.

No. 6 Health District.

Boulam Strand,

Bridges Street,

"

>>

147

28

2

27

....

66

112—

Bridges Street,...

4

1

13

1

وو

27

22

A

27

24

2

27

26

1

"?

54

1

"

62

1

>>

*

66

1

""

27

Circular Pathway,

10

1

18

1

""

""

Circular Pathway,

>7

23

1

>>

""

""

""

:738

7

1

15

3

30

1

25

1

1

""

""

27

1

>>

""

Hillier Street, ...

وو

41

1

3

""

Hollywood Road,

88

1

Hollywood Road,

110

1

91

I

"

""

117

2

111

1

"

""

"

""

*

121

I

114

1

"

27

131

1

115

2

">

""

""

147

1

117

1

- 99

وو

دو

""

157

*

121

"}

"

21

124

1

"

137

1

"}

>>

152

1

201

Jervois Street,

I

27

>>

""

Jervois Street,.......

1

11

1

Kwai Wa Lane,...

1

Kwong Yuen Street, East,

1

Kwai Wa Lane,

Kwong Yuen Street, East,

1

4

1

Lower Lascar Row,

7

1

""

West,

6

1

11

1

7

1

11

97

""

""

"

17

1

10

1

وز

""

"

""

Man Wa Lane,

1

Ladder Street,...

10

1

Mercer Street,

15

1

4

"2

??

Praya Central,

114

1

Lower Lascar Row,

10

1

Ping On Lane,.......

3

1

5

1

"2

Praya Central,..

90

1

7

12

Queen's Road Central,

294

1

Queen's Road Central,.

197

1

Shing Wong Street,

4

1

4

""

"

Square Street,

5

1

27

Square Street,...

""

13

1

1

Tsui On Lane,.......

6

1

Ulling Lane,

1

Upper Lascar Row,

Wai Yau Lane, .......

Wing Lok Street,

Wing Wo Street,

""

**:2:

13

1

Un On Lane,

1

1

3

I

Upper Ladder Street,

7

1

1

Upper Lascar Row,

1

ř

10

1

Wah Hing Lane,

2

1

1

Wing Lok Street,

1

36

73

No. 7 Health District.

No. 7 Health District.

Cheung Hing Street,

1

1

2

1

"

""

3

1

""

*Cleverly Street,

East Street,

la

1

*Cleverly Street,

la

1

3

1

7

1

"3

""

4

1

East Street,...

8a

1

""

""

"7

>>

>>

""

""

6

1

14

* *

"

"

16

1

*

45

L

*

35

1

-

""

"}

*

دو

39

1

Hollywood Road,

186

"

77

45

1

190

1

*

48

1

""

32

Hollywood Road,

186

ARA

"

192

1

201

1

""

Carried forward,

10

Carried forward,

13

Street.

Addresses of all Cases of Bubonic Fever, &c.,—Continued.

House No.

No. of Cases.

Street.

House No.

435

No. of Cases.

1896.

1898.

No. 7 Health District,-Contd.

Brought forward,

No. 7 Health District,--Contd.

10

Brought forward,

13

Hollywood Road,

205

1

4

77

Ladder Street, ...

10

1

Lower Lascar Row,

20

1

Lower Lascar Row,

17

1

50

1

21

1

"7

"}

"2

"

2

4

22

"2

22

*Lower Rutter Street,

3

1

*Lower Rutter Street,...

3

1

*

5

1

*

5

1

""

>>

1

11

35

3)

Morrison Street,

""

3

1

12

1

>>

وو

1

1

Pó Léung Kuk..........

1

New Street,

13

1

No. 8 Police Station,

Possession Street,

1

Pound Lane,

1

Pound Lane,

6

I

Queen's Road Central,

314

1

3

">

""

Taipingshan Street,

7

I

Queen's Road Central,

308

1

Tank Lane,

Taipingshan,

Upper Lascar Row,

·

Taipingshan Street,

1

1

29

Kwong Fuk

2

1

Chi Temple,

1

28

1

Taipingshan,

2

""

>>

""

""

>>

>>

29

1

Tank Lane,

9

2

30

1

Tung Loi Lane,

21

1

>>

Upper Rutter Street,

27

1

1

27

4

"

27

وو

1

Upper Rutter Street,

Upper Station Street,....

I

1

""

23

2

1

27

""

9

1

6

2

""

"

>>

""

10

2

10

1

""

22

37

Upper Station Street,

22

1

U Yam Lane,

3

1

1

2

>>

""

Wah Lane,

3

Ι

31

">

West Street,

295

""

24

1

50

1

""

""

"?

""

"

"

West Street,

4

10

1

13

27

45

64

No. & Health District.

Berlin Foundling Mission...

No. 8 Health District.,

1

Connaught Road,

Eastern Street,

38

1

Fat Hing Street,

::

40

1

Government Civil Hospital,

7

23

""

Heung Lane,...

Hollywood Road,

2

1

Heung Lane,

16

1

2

Hollywood Road,

228

1

224

1

232

1

27

246

1

1

22

""

وو

1

""

Li Sing Street,

9

1

Hospital Road,

New Street,

1

11

2

29

"

5

1

13

1

15

2

New Street,..

11

1

""

>>

""

""

""

27

"

16

1

12

2

22

27

1

13

2

""

"3

30

وو

Possession Street,

1

Po Yan Street,

8

1

Po Yan Street,

6

1

*

5

Praya West.

113

Praya West,

44

1

6

95

1

""

""

""

""

Queen's Street,

**

1

113

1

"

""

Queen's Road West,

27

1

137

1

25

""

79

2

8

""

22

"2

22

*

106

Ι

Queen's Road West,

14

1

»

110

1

45

1

دو

22

""

A

"

"}

25

""

>>

>>

""

202

I

55

1

""

""

203

2

58

1

25

""

209

1

106

>>

5

129

1

""

""

Carried forward,

44

Carried forward,

60

436

Street.

Addresses of all Cases of Bubonic Fever, &c.,—Continued.

House No.

No. of Cases.

Street.

House No.

No. of Cases.

1896.

No. 8 Health District,-Contd.

Tsung Sau Lane, East,......

1898.

No. 8 Health District,- Contd.

Brought forward,

44.

Brought forward,

60

9

1

Queen's Road West,

137

1

1

138

1

"

""

"?

""

West,.

27

""

"

>>

"7

15

19

N69:

""

2

170

1

""

>>

1

171

1

23

""

2

1

173

1

22

}"

177

1

"?

194

1

"}

""

198

2

29

""

208

1

""

27

5

>>

*

""

Sai Woo Lane,...

""

""

Shiu Cheung Lane,

Sutherland Street,

""

Tsung Sau Lane, East,

Tsz Mi Alley

""

2

1

23

1

...

1

1

8

1

""

13

1

وو

West,...

1

1

1

""

16

1

""

"

18

1

""

""

Tung Wah Hospital,

2

Wilmer Street,...

1

Wing Lok Street,

127

1

Wo Fung Street,

1

:

Wo Fung Street,

1

51

92

No. 9 Health District.

Centre Street,

*

""

""

""

Eastern Street, First Street,

...

No. 9 Health District.

2

22

5

...

1 2 2 CO 1

Algar Court,

Centre Street,

2

12

2

14

1

27

"

3

22

1

"

1

36

1

22

""

24

1

3

>>

>>

>>

40

2

AAA

54

1

Des Voeux Road,

First Street,..............

2

7

1

75

1

10

2

""

""

""

88

1

11

1

""

99

""

"

92

1

15

1

""

""

AAAAAAR

""

99

1

25

1

"}

>>

104

1

39

1

""

""

**

>>

107

1

46

"J

"

"

>>

112

1

48

"

""

117

Ι

55

""

"}

"

121

69

"}

"

#

115

1

76

""

""

"

127

83

2 1

13

""

""

Fuk Sau Lane,

1

86

1

""

*

6

1

95

1

22

"}

"

"}

7

1

97

1

>>

>>

27

High Street,

7

1

98

1

""

"

17

1

103

1

22

23

"

32

22

1

110

1

""

""

"

""

26

1

115

1

""

""

"J

37

I

116

2

""

35

>>

49

1

119

2

""

""

""

53

1

125

1

"}

,,

19

""

55

}

3

""

>>

22

""

87

1

Fuk Luk Lane,

2

1

">

"}

1

9

1

>>

""

39

Ki Ling Lane,

Leung I Fong, Lunatic Asylum, On Wai Lane, Praya West,

...

1

10

1

10

1

Fuk Sau Lane,

3

Ι

I

*

6

1

33

"

1

2

Fuk Shing Lane,

1

176

1

High Street,....

12

1

184

1

59

1

""

>>

>>

Pokfulam Road,

14

1

"

""

Carried forward,

46

Carried forward,

54

Street.

Addresses of all Cases of Bubonic Fever, &c.,-Continued.

House No.

No. of Cases.

1896.

No. 9 Health District,-Contd.

Brought forward,

46

Pokfulam Road,...

16

Street.

1898.

437

House No.

No. of Cases.

No. 9 Health District,-Contd.

Ki Ling Lane,... Kung Shun Lane, On Wai Lane,....... Pokfulam Road,

""

""

Brought forward,

7426

51

1

1

1

1

1

24

1

2

25

Praya West,

1

Queen's Road West,

227

1

Queen's Road West,

208

1

250

1

246

1

""

""

"?

>>

266

1

258

1

"

""

22

"

302

278

1

"}

""

22

""

305

1

298

1

>>

"

""

317

Ι

301

i

""

328

Ι

322

2

""

12

330

1

342

""

1

345

1

>>

29

No. 7 Police

S

No. 7 Poliee

27

""

"7

""

Station,..

Sai Yuen Lane,........

358

1

Station,..

358

1

1

1

Queen's Road West,

363

1

*

7

1

2

>>

22

""

14

1

29

Sai Yuen Laue,

13

...

15

14

""

"2

""

"J

26

1

1

">

"

Second Street,

6

1

Second Street,...

18

1

1

53

1

""

""

};

25

***

55

2

>>

52

*

61

1

37

"J

""

*

55

63

1

>>

>>

12

*

61

69

1

"}

"

>>

62

71

1

"

""

"2

68

1

72

1

11.

""

"

"

76

73

"}

29

12

وو

78

1

80

"}

"

...

1

""

>>

96

91

1

">

""

"}

"

117

1

...

93

2

""

">

""

>>

121

101

2

"3

"}

""

""

...

103

1

""

"

105

1

>>

""

111

1

""

,,

112

1

·

27

"

115

2

116

1

27

Sheung Fung Lane,

***

22

17

>>

""

Shing Hing Lane

"1

""

Third Street,......

"

""

2012"

*Sheung Fung Lane,

6

1

6

1.

10

1

>>

>>

1

16

1

17

21

1

3

27

""

3

1

Sheung Hing Lane,

12

1

16

1

Shing Hing Alley,

2

8

Third Street,

9

1

11

17

3

""

""

""

"

17

2

21

1

"1

""

"}

32

45

I

"

""

""

29

......

36

1

67

2

"}

44

1

63

1

"

22

}}

51

1

94

1

"}

"}

""

65

1

100

1

""

"}

**

""

71

1

102

1

27

19

"

"

79

1

104

>>

>>

"

87

1

106

1

}}

"

>>

""

92

1

112

2

""

>>

>>

27

93

1

114

1

""

""

*

96

1

126

1

39

""

""

""

103

1

5

99

""

105

I

Torsien Street,.

10

27

"}

121

1

""

U Lok Lane,

16

1

124

1

"

Ui On Lane,

1

1

وو

.....

128

1

Uun Fuk Lane,

6

2

1

""

Un Shing Lane,

4

1

U Lok Lane,

4

1

16

1

"

"

Carried forward,

108

Carried forward,

146

438

Street.

Addresses of all Cases of Bubonic Fever, &c.,-Continued.

House No.

No. of Cases.

Street.

House No.

No. of Cases.

1896.

1898.

No. 9 Health District,Contd.

No. 9 Health District,--Contd.

Brought forward,

108

Brought forward,

146

U Lok Lane,......

7

1

Un Shing Lane,

17

1

Ui On 'Lane,

1

Western Street,

9

1

3

1

21

>>

1

22

"

""

"

1

122

""

""

""

""

8

1

""

Western Street,...

19

1

115

153

No. 10 Health District,

No. 10 Health District.

""

*Bonham Road, "Fairlea,"

>>

Basil Mission,

Hill Road,

I' Yik Laue,

9

2

Belcher's Path,

2

1

*Bonham Road, "Fairlea,"

9

1

3

"

""

"Westward Ho,"..

1

1

1

12

1

9

""

وو

17

1

>>

""

Kennedy Town Hospital,...

2

Kennedy Town Matshed,...

1

*Praya West,......

188

1

""

198

"

""

""

>>

1

""

Pokfulam Road,...

13

1

*Queen's Road West,

337

1

22

Connaught Road,

Hill Road,

Holland Street,

>>

"

I' Yik Lane,

""

Isolation Matshed,

Kennedy Town, Feather Factory,.. Pokfulam Road,

1

7

19

1

1

10

14

1

19

2

1

...

3

1

365

1

13

1

"

"}

"}

""

12

366

1

19

1

""

"}

387

1

Praya West,......

6

394

1

Praya Kennedy Town,

19

1

498

1

3

""

>>

""

508

1

""

Queen's Road West,

256

1

574

1

297

1

""

""

""

Sai Wo Lane,

Sam To Lane,

""

1

364

1

2,

""

1

*

366

2

""

""

I

368

1

>"

">

>>

""

Sheep and Swine Depôts,...

Second Street,

Tung Wo Lane West,

1

370

1

وو

"J

129

2

374

2

""

"}

1

376

1

>>

""

""

""

>>

>>

99

1279

1

393

1

""

""

1

406

""

""

1

408

>>

>>

1

410

1

1

37

""

>>

>>

1

471

1

""

""

"7

""

""

Third Street,

132

1

473

1

دو

""

138

1

594

1

"

"

">

97

>>

">

169

1

Sam To Lane,...

9

1

Third Lane,

3

1

17

I

>>

Second Street,.

163

1

Sixth Lane,..

6

1

Third Street,

150

1

184

1

...

""

Tung Wo Lane, West,.

13

1

Whitty Street, ...

I

Whitty Street,...

3

Wo On Hong, ...

7

1

42

62

Appendix B.

439

Report on House to House Search during epidemic of Plague by Honourable F. H. May, C.M.G.

No. 75.

M

POLICE OFFICE, HONGKONG, 14th July, 1898.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward, for the information of the Board, the following report on the work carried out during the recent epidemic of Plague in connection with the house to house search for plague patients.

The work, which began on the 19th April and ceased on the 11th June, was organised in the following manner :--

No. 2 Health District was divided into 2 sections and a search party consisting of 2 European Police Sergeants, 3 Soldiers and 3 Chinese Constables visited each section on alternate days.

No. 4 Health District was divided into 3 sections and a search party consisting of 1 European Police Constable, 2 Soldiers and 3 Chinese Constables visited one section a day.

No. 5 Health District was divided into 4 sections and a search party consisting of 1 European Police Sergeant, 1 European Police Constable, 4 Soldiers and 3 Chinese Constables visited one and a half sections a day.

No. 6 Health District was divided into 3 sections and a search party consisting of 1 European Police Constable, 2 Soldiers and 3 Chinese Constables visited two sections a day.

Nos. 7 and 8 Health Districts were divided into 3 sections and a search party consisting of 1 European Police Constable, 2 Soldiers and 3 Chinese Constables visited two of the sections each on alternate days.

No. 9 Health District was divided into 3 sections and a search party consisting of 1 European Police Constable, 1 Soldier and 2 Chinese Constables visited two of the sections each on alternate days. The remaining section in No. 8 Health District and the remaining section in No 9 Health District were visited by a search party consisting of 1 European Police Constable, 2 Soldiers and 3 Chinese Constables each on alternate days.

The total number of searchers employed was 45.

There were 62 cases of plague discovered by the search parties; of these 52 were alive and 10 dead. There were also 8 cases of suspected plague removed to Hospital which were pronounced not to be plague. All cases of plague or suspected plague, with the exception of those found in No. 9 Health District up to the 14th of May, were removed, in the first instance, to the Tung Wa Hospital where they were diagnosed by Dr. CHUNG and forwarded, if pronounced plague, to the Plague Hospital. After the 14th May the cases in No. 9 Health District were also forwarded, in the first instance, to the Tung Wa Hospital.

There was only one complaint made by the public against the Police engaged on house to house visitation. On investigation it was found to be without foundation. There were two complaints. against the soldiers which were apparently well founded, and the men were removed from this duty, otherwise the soldiers did their work in a very orderly manner.

The search parties worked from 9 a.m. to noon and from 2 to 5 pm. Each party was allowed half a day off duty once a week, and 24 hours' leave once a month.

The sections into which the Health Districts were divided, with a memo. of the number of houses in each, are filed at the Police Office for reference in the future if desired.

The Acting Secretary,

SANITARY Board,

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

F. H. MAY, Captain Superintendent of Police.

440

Appendix C.

Report on Plague work at Kowloon by Mr. Frank Browne, (Acting Government Analyst).

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 22nd June, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to report for the information of the Board that the cleansing work in British Kowloon, for which I was appointed in April last by His Excellency the Acting Governor on the recommendation of the Board, is now concluded.

2. A great deal of cleansing was done particularly in Yaumati. The following table shows the extent of the cleansing carried out at the expense of the Government :-

No. 11 District (Hunghom and Villages:)

Floors washed only,

29

Cleansed and lime-washed (floors),...202

Obstructions removed,

88

* Coolies employed-one day each,.496

No. 12 District (Yaumati, &c.:)

36

528

68 875

Where washing only was required in houses, the inmates usually carried out the work of their own accord, which fact will explain the small amount of washing only, that was done by the Govern- ment. Although an opportunity was afforded to the tenants to do the lime-washing required, very few availed themselves of it on account of the expense.

3. The obstructions removed consisted of bunks, cocklofts, cubicles, doors, josses, and latrines, which had been erected in such a way as to deprive the rooms of light and air. A great improvement has been effected in most houses by these removals as the removal of a single obstruction has in many cases converted a dark ill-ventilated room into a healthy and cheerful habitation. However, experience has shown that these obstructions are put up again as soon as vigilance is relaxed, so it is earnestly hoped that special attention will be directed so that such structures may be at once demolished if re-erected.

No. 11 District-(Hunghom and Villages).

4. Cleansing in this district was commenced on April 20th, and completed on May 23rd. The houses here are for the most part very good and substantial, but in the event of another epidemic attention should be particularly directed to Shung On Lane and Dock Lane, in which the houses are inferior. Several cases of plague having been traced from Shung On Lane, on May 7th the whole of Hunghom was disinfected with a mixture of salt, manganese di-oxide, and sulphuric acid. It was considered advisable to disinfect the whole of the place as a number of dead bodies had been found on the hill-side, and it was impossible to find out which houses were infected and which were not, so the safest plan was adopted of disinfecting them all.

No case of plague could be found to have occurred in the houses of Hunghom after the disinfec- tion although several bodies (see table of cases of plague attached) were afterwards found on the hill- side, but the number of these bodies being only 11 from May 7th to June 13th, a further disinfection on a wholesale scale was not considered necessary.

No. 12 District-(Yaumati, Tai Kok Tsui, Mong Kok Tsui, &c.)

5. Cleansing operations were commenced on April 20th, and the work was completed on June 2nd. A number of cases of plague having occurred at Tai Kok Tsui a visit was paid to this village on April 24th, when it was seen that a large proportion of the inhabitants were living in insanitary dwelling-huts, boats, and hovels. On April 26th the whole of the district was disinfected with salt, manganese di-oxide, and sulphuric acid. The people in the huts, boats, and hovels were for the most part trespassers on Crown land; they were not agriculturists but apparently merely loafers of no use to the Colony. In an industrial centre like Tai Kok Tsui, such dirty and insanitary hovels are particularly objectionable; fortunately, now, many of them have been destroyed. Since the disinfection on April 26th no further cases of plague have occurred in the houses at Tai Kok Tsui, but several cases have been found in the hovels and on the foreshore. The majority of the houses in Tai Kok Tsui are well constructed and with the hovels removed there should be little fear of plague another year.

6. It was early seen in Yaumati from the number of deserted floors that a number of bodies had been carried out from the houses and placed in the street or in other open places.

The whole place was therefore disinfected as in Tai Kok Tsui, on May 7th, and the number of dead bodies found in the street, subsequent to this disinfection, being considerable, chloride of lime was placed on every floor at Yaumati on May 17th.

* Exclusive of lime-washers who were paid by piece-work.

A

441

7. It was not at all surprising to find so many dirty houses in Yaumati, considering that with the present arrangement of the kitchen it is absolutely impossible to prevent smoke from penetrating the living rooms. There are but few houses in Yaumati that have proper arrangements for carrying

In away smoke.

In many houses the smoke is continually present in such quantities as to be extremely irritating to the eyes and nostrils of an European. Can people living in such houses be expected to keep either their houses or themselves clean? But, worst of all, in order to keep the smoke out of the living rooms, the inmates block up the window between the kitchen and the living room so that a through current of air is shut off from that direction. This smoke nuisance can easily be abated as suitable clay fire-places can be easily and cheaply put in.

8. Many dark houses would be greatly improved by letting a small square of glass into the roof. Dark houses were nearly always dirty.

9. Houses 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Fourth Lane are in a dirty and insanitary condition; they are little better than hovels. They have been disinfected three times; some boats on the foreshore above high water mark at Yaumati should be removed.

10. The houses in Fuk Sing Lane will require a lot of attention as a number of cases of plague have occurred there. The drains in several of these houses have had to be unblocked several times; probably they need repair.

11. On May 31st all the sampans in the district were examined. The boats were very clean for Chinese sampans. No sick people were found except two children just recovering from small-pox.

Disinfection and Disinfectants.

12. A large number of houses have been disinfected with chlorine. The process employed for disinfecting simultaneously a large number of houses without removal of the inmates was to place in each room on each floor two ounces of a mixture of one part of salt, and one part of manganese di- oxide. On this mixture was poured six ounces of dilute sulphuric acid (1 in 4). This gave off slowly but continuously for about 12 hours a stream of chlorine, which did not greatly interfere with the inmates, who were told to open all their doors and windows if the action of the chlorine became too suffocating. Throughout Kowloon the Chinese gladly receive this disinfectant, and, speaking generally, we found that they were ready to obey any directions in order to be protected from plague, provided that such directions did not mean that they were put to any expense.

13. For disinfection of closed houses in which plague had occurred the following process was employed:-

Where the

Close the doors, windows, and all apertures as completely as possible; [a carpenter is required for this]. Then place half a pound of chlorinated lime in a pot and well mix with a quart of water, place in the centre of the floor and pour on a quart of diluted sulphuric acid (1 in 5). floors are large two pots to each should be used. Commence to disinfect on the top floor.

The following quantities of substances for disinfection have been used:-

3 cwt. manganese di-oxide.

3 cwt. salt.

800 pounds of sulphuric acid.

3,000 pounds of chlorinated acid.

House to house Visitation.

14. This was carried out by Sergeant CAMERON and P. C. CORMACK after the cleansing of the whole district of Kowloon was completed on June 2nd. All the Chinese houses in British Kowloon were visited. The visitation was considered by me to be unnecessary after June 18th.

Conclusion.

15. C. P. O. LOVELL was in charge of a cleansing party from April 20th to May 13th when his place was taken by P. C. CORMACK who returned to his ordinary duties on June 19th. Sergeant CAMERON was in charge of a cleansing party from April 20th to June 18th, after which he returned to his ordinary duties.

C. P. O. LOVELL, P. C. CORMACK and Sergeant CAMERON carried out extremely satisfactorily the work entrusted to them.

16. Herewith is attached a return showing that in No. 11 district 26 cases of plague were removed from March 16th to June 13th, and that in No. 12 district during the same period 149 cases of plague were removed.

I have the honour to be,

The Secretary,

THE SANITARY BOARD.

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

FRANK BROWNE, Acting Government Analyst.

442

Return showing Number of Cases of Plague sent from Kowloon between 16th March and 13th June, 1898, in No. 11, Health District, (Hunghom).

Date.

March 16th Matsheds, Hunghom,

Where from

17th Foreshore

""

""

20th

""

""

26th

دو

"

"}

30th

"

31st

Hunghom, West,

8, Market Street, Ground Floor,

April 9th Foreshore, Hunghom,

21st

23rd

">

23rd

"

"

May

"

""

""

"

June

""

No. 102, Market Street,

**

13, Hunghom, West, 23rd Foreshore, Tokwawan, 25th Hok Ün, Village,

1st No. 6, Shung On Lane,

68, Market Street,

5th

6th

68.

12th Hok Ün,

15th Foreshore, Hunghom,

16th | Hill-side, Tai Wan, 16th Foreshore, Hunghom, 16th Hok Ün,

18th Foreshore, Hunghom, 24th

29

"5

27th Hunghom, West, 29th Hill-side, Hunghom,

1st Foreshore, Hunghom,

3rd

""

"2

Totals,.............

Males.

Females.

Remarks.

1

Dead.

25

1

""

1

1

""

1

1

1

""

Sick. Dead.

1

""

1

*

1

""

1

29

1

1

""

Sick. Dead.

1

""

1

99

1

+9

39

1

99

1

""

1

17

9

دو

"

>>

Return showing Number of Cases of Plague sent from Kowloon between 30th March and 3rd June, 1898, in No. 12,

Date.

Where from

March

30th Hongkong Regiment, Kowloon, 31st Rifle Range,

31st No. 48, Battery Street,

April

7th No. 46, Temple Street,

"

9th

29

8th Yaumati,

"

9th Taikoktsai,

9th

11

""

9th

་་

15

10th Foreshore, Yaumati,

16th

""

""

19th Fuk Tsun Heung,

??

"

""

20th Foreshore, Yaumati, 23rd

33

Taikoktsui,

23rd No. C. M. Dock Launch,

24th Hill-side, Hung Chung,

24th No. 16, Fuk Sing Lane,

1st No. 158, Station Street,

2nd Indian Barracks, Kowloon,

26th Station Street,

"3

29th Taikoktsui,

"

May

**

2nd Taikoktsui,

"9

3rd Foreshore, Yaumati,

4th Hung Chung,

4th Foreshore, Taikoktsui,

5th No. 68, Reclamation Street,

""

""

5th No. 15, Station Street,

******

5th No. 15,

5th Mati,

39

7th Station Hospital Kowloon,

7th Yaumati,

8th

""

8th Taikoktsui beach,

Health District.

Males.

Females.

Remarks.

Sick.

1

Dead.

1

Sick.

1

Dead.

1

1

Sick.

Dead.

1

"

1

...

""

""

"

1

""

1

1

1

1

1

21

95

:

:

19

"

1

1

Sick.

1

1

Dead.

19

1

1

""

Sick.

1

"

1

1

1

1

Dead.

""

Sick. Dead.

19

1

""

Carried forward,..........

19

14

Return showing Number of Cases of Plague sent from Kowloon, etc.,--Continued.

443

Date.

Where from

Brought forward,

Males.

Females.

Remarks.

May 8th Foreshore, Yaumati,

"

8th Kowloon City,

9th No. 17, Battery Street,

9th

92

9th Taikoktsui,

"9

10th | Foreshore, Stonecutters' Island,

10th No. 94, Taikoktsui,

"}

10th On a boat at Yaumati,

"

11th

No. 17, Fuk Shing Lane,

11th

"

11th

""

"

""

""

11th

No. 27, Station Street,

12

11th

On a boat at Yaumati,

""

11th

11th Foreshore

"

No. 36, Taikoktsui,

"

"

12th On a boat at Yaumati,

12th

5

29

""

19

14

1

Dead.

1

Sick.

1

Dead.

1

1

1

17

}

""

""

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

"

Sick. Dead.

"

Sick. Dead.

"

1

1

1

...

""

*

>>

14th

""

"

14th 26, Elgin Road,

""

>>

29

"}

15th

"

No. 23,

""

15th On a boat at Taikoktsui,

15th Hill-side,

12th No. 6, McDonnell Road."

12th No. 1, Reclamation Street, 13th Yaumati,..

14th No. 8, McDonnell Road,

"

""

14th On a boat at Yaumati,

14th Foreshore, Stonecutters' Island, 14th

"

14th No. 52, Battery Street,

""

...

1

"

1

Sick.

1

Dead. Sick.

1

...

"

1

""

Dead.

1

79

1

...

1

""

1

""

1

"

1

"

"

16th No. 54,

,,

}}

"

16th No. 91,

11

16th

16th No. 54, Station Street,

"1

16th | No. 70, Reclamation Street,

16th No. 54, Station Street,

No. 27, Mati,

""

1

Sick. Dead.

"

>>

1

27

1

"

"2

16th Matsheds at Kung Chung,

""

""

17th Reclamation Street,

1

#

12

17th No. 52, Reclamation Street,

1

"

39

17th On a boat at Yaumati,

1

"

"

17th Praya, Fuk Tsun Heung,

">

""

17th Matshed at Taikoktsui,

1

"1

18th No. 33, Battery Street,

1

"

"

18th No. 81, Taikoktsui,

1

19th No. 56, Reclamation Street,

1

"

"

19th Hill-side, Mongkoktsni,.

1

""

19th No. 56, Station Street,

1

...

"

19th Foreshore, Taikoktsui,

""

19th No. 56, Station Street,

1

17

19th Fuk Tsun Heung,

19

"J

Sick.

"

20th

21st

23

No. 25, Battery Street, On a boat at Taikoktsui,

21st Foreshore, Mongkoktsui,

1

99

""

1

**

22nd

Yaumati,

1

"3

??

""

22nd Rifle Range,

I

""

"

23rd Yaumati,

1

""

??

23rd Yaumati,

1

"}

23rd No. 44, Stution Strect,

1

"

""

24th

""

27

23rd | No. 11, Elgin Street,..

Reclamation Street,

24th Foreshore, Mongkoktsui,

""

Dead.

1

""

24th No. 155, Station Street,

1

""

24th Station Street,

1

""

"

25th Yaumati, .....

1

""

25th No. 24, Fuk Sing Lane,

1

"J

25th Foreshore, Stonecutters' Island,

1

""

25th Sixth Lane, Yaumati,

1

""

26th No. 9, Elgin Road,...

Sick.

""

Dead.

""

Siek.

"

"

****

26th ,, 10, Temple Street,

1

Dead.

26th Foreshore, Stonecutters' Island,

1

"

27th Yaumati,.

1

Sick.

27th No. 2, Canton Villas,....

1

27

Carried forward,..........

56

49

444

Date.

Return showing Number of Cases of Plague sent from Kowloon, etc.,—Continued.

Where from

Males.

Females.

Remarks.

Brought forward,......

May

27th | No. 4, Fuk Tsun Hung,

27th

78, Taikoktsui,

27th Foreshore,

13

""

27th Hill-side, Mongkok tsui,.

27th On a boat at Yaumati,

""

27th Foreshore, Cosmopolitan Dock,

28th No. 13, Reclamation Street,

28th ,, 51, Mongkoktsni,

28th Foreshore, Yaumati,

56

1

1

1

1

49

...

...

Sick.

Dead.

>>

""

1

1

1

Sick. Dead.

1

;

""

""

وو

23

29th

""

28th On a boat at Yaumati,

29th No. 6, Kennedy Street, 29th Yaumati,

29th No. 46, Mongkoktsui,

29th No. 13, Kennedy Street, 29th No. 64, Station Street,

1

1

1

>>

1

....

"

1

"}

1

>>

1

و"

"

29th | No. 60,

30th Hill-side, Yaumati,....

">

30th

Rifle Range,

>>

30th

On a boat at Yaumati,

""

30th

""

""

31st

"

31st

On a boat at Yaumati,

"

31st

Foreshore, Mongkoktsui,

""

31st

""

31st Yaumati,.

1

I

>>

1

"}

1

1

>>

No. 129, Station Street,

1

""

1

"

1

وو

June

1st

Reclamation,

1st Matshed at Kung Chung,

No. 22, Mongkoktsui,

2nd Foreshore, Yaumati,

1

1

...

"}

"

Sick.

1

19

1

"J

1

""

""

3rd Hill-side, Fuk Tsun Heung,

1

""

3rd

No. 4, Ship Lane, Taikoktsui,

1

">

4th

"

No. 31, Temple Street,

1

4th

On a boat at Taikoktsui,

Ι

"

4th

1

}}

*

""

4th McDonnell Road,

>>

>>

5th No. 12, Station Street,

1

"

,

7th No. Market Lane, Yaumati,

1

7th No. 33, Mongkoktsui,

1

19

Sick. Dead.

»

7th Kowloon Road,

1

"

""

8th Hill-side, Yaumati,

1

"

39

"

10th Mongkoktsui,

1

Sick.

10th Taikoktsui,

1

99

"

""

11th No. 48, Temple Street,

1

12th On a boat at Yaumati,

Dead.

"}

"

12th Foreshore, Yaumati,

1

>>

"

Totals,.

85

64

[

!

217

HONGKONG.

No. 20

RETURN OF CIVIL AND APPEAL CASES HEARD IN THE SUPREME COURT IN 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

98

No. 89.

SUPREME Court, HONGKONG, 29th April, 1898.

SIR,—I have the honour to forward to you herewith the Return of Civil and Appeal Cases heard in the Supreme Court in 1897.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY,

se.,.

&c.,

&c.

1897.

J. W. NORTON-KYSHE,

Registrar.

CASES TRIED.

JUDGMENT.

In Depend- of

No.

Settled

Jurisdiction.

ency

Cases Total.

in

in

Debt and Damages.

or

Withdraw

wn

1896.

1897.

before Trial.

Plaintiff.

Defendant.

Non-Suit.

Struck Out,

Dismissed,

and Lapsed

Writs.

In Dependency.

Debt

and

Damages Recovered.

Original,

61

79

140

$216,019.72*

5

17

:

53

$71,974.30

Summary,..

14

1,347 1,362 $164,686.09 539

511

54

15

143

85 $69,654.13

*Exclusive of two cases wherein the amounts claimed were £847.13s. 1d. and Taels 3,500.

APPEALS COmmenced.

1897.

APPEALS.

Judgment.

No. of Cases.

Appellant.

Respondent.

Pending.

7

7

Supreme Court, Hongkong, 29th April, 1898.

:..

No. of Cases.

APPEALS TRIED.

Judgment.

Appellant.

Respondent.

Pending.

1

6

J. W. NORTON-KYSHE,

Registrar.

77

No.

98

No. 2.

HONGKONG.

SUPREME COURT REVENUE RETURNS, &c. FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

SUPREME COURT, HONGKONG, 8th January, 1898.

SIR,-- I have the honour to forward to you herewith the Return of Revenue for the Supreme Court for 1897, and a Return of Intestate Estates for the half-year ending the 31st December, 1897.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&c.,

&.c.,

&c.

J. W. NORTON KYSHE,

Registrar.

RETURN of all SUMS RECEIVED as REVENUE in the Registry of the Supreme Court during the Year 1897.

Original Jurisdiction,

$ 3,752.84

4,474.65

Summary Jurisdiction,

Bankruptcy Jurisdiction,

Probate Jurisdiction,....

Official Administrator's Commission,

Official Assignee's Commission,

Official Trustee's Commission,........

Sheriff's Fees,

Bailiff's Fees,

Interest on Deposit of Surplus Cash,

Fees on Distraints,

Registrar of Companies,

Fine and Forfeitures,

Admiralty Jurisdiction,.

Auctioneer's Commission paid in by the Bailiff,

Land Office Fees,

Registry Supreme Court, Hongkong, 7th January, 1898.

717.15 2,163.15 3,164.36

...

55.45

116.50

902.50

405.54

1,275.25

2,863.25

549.35

7.48

$20,447.47

5,998.00

$26,445.47

J. W. NORTON KYSHE,

Registrar.

RETURN of all SUMS COLLECTED in the Registry of the Supreme Court for the Year 1897, and paid into the Treasury.

1897.

REGISTRAR.-Court fees paid by Stamps,

OFFICIAL ASSIGNEE.-5% on amounts encashed and paid into the Treasury......... OFFICIAL ADMINISTRATOR,

44.

OFFICIAL TRUSTEE.-2% on amount of Trust on taking over up to $10,000, above $10,000 commission 1% on further amount, 1% commission on income,

1896.

$12,332.40

5.15 2,485.84

$12,735.04

3,164.36

58.26

BAILIFF,

1,137.50

SHERIFF,.

102.00

REGISTRAR OF COMPANIES,.

2,471.50

INTEREST on Deposit of Surplus Cash,

1,701.41

55.45 902.50 116.50 2,863.25 405.54

FINE AND FORFEITURES,.

ADMIRALTY FEES,

10.00 541.17

AUCTIONEER'S COMMISSION paid in by the Bailiff,

197.35 7.48

LAND OFFICE FEES,

$20,845.23 6,825.50

$27,670.73

$20,447.47

5,998.00

$26,445.47

Registry Supreme Court, Hongkong, 7th January, 1898.

J. W. NORTON KYSHE,

Registrar.

78

for Dis- bursements.

Balance on closing Account.

RETURN of ESTATES of INTESTATE for the Second Half-year ending 31st December, 1897.

Amount received on Account of Estate.

Deductions

Disposal of Balance.

$ c.

David Symington,

227.08

$ c. 217.49

$ c.

9.59

Estate being administered.

Claudio J. da Silva,

59.35

3.22

56.13

Paid to A. J. Reed, the Administrator.

C. F. Burdett,....

727.30

49.57

677.78

Estate being administered.

Esmail,

20.92

1.05

19.87

Wong Kan,.

.04

.04

F. Irene,

2.86

.11

Marie Gabriel Simon Lajeat,...

183.45

15.67

2.75 167.78

Do.

Do.

Paid into the Government Treasury.

Paid to French Consul.

Tong Sam Chi,

.15

.15

Paid into the Government Treasury,

Bartholomew Spain,

7.26

4.96

2.30

Do.

Jindah Singh,..

5.00

.25

4.75

Do.

J. H. Meyers,..

58.93

8.45

Arthur Norman,

175.10

167.76

7.34

Do.

John Caldwell Melrose,.

1,874.17

121.81

1,752.36

Do.

Sumi,

24.60

1.23

Chan Sing Sam,.

980.00

65.25

Thomas Campbell,

277.13

Samuel Barff,

334.60

191.20

Chan Tsau Shing,

11.60

.56

50.48 Estate being administered.

23.37 | Paid into the Government Treasury.

914.75 Paid to W. & Grist, Solicitors for the Administratrix. 277.13 Estate being administered.

143.40

Paid to Mrs. Kate Barff, the Administratrix. 11.04 Paid to Wong Shi, the mother of deceased.

Dated this 7th day of January, 1898.

J. W. NORTON KYSHE, Official Administrator.

:

:

119

No. 6

98

HONGKONG.

CRIMINAL STATISTICS AND CORONER'S RETURNS FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

No. 2.

MAGISTRACY,

HONGKONG, 12th January, 1898.

SIR,-- In compliance with Circular No. 10 of the 20th October, 1897, I have the honour to for- ward the usual returns of this department for the

1. Abstract of cases during the year.

year 1897.

2. Comparative return of cases for the past ten years.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

H. E. WODehouse,

Police Magistrate.

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

:

120

:

4,004

10

"ABSTRACT of CASES under Cognizance of the POLICE MAĞıştrates' CouRT during the Year 1897.

CASES, HOW DISPOSED OF, AND THE NUMBER OF MALE ANTY EEMALE PRISONERS UNDER EACH HEAD.

Discharged.

Committed

for Trial at

the Supreme

Court.

Committed

to Prison, or

Detained

Ordered to find Security.'

WRITS ISSUED BY THE POLICE MAGISTRATES DURING THE YEAR 1897.

Supmens for

Befendants.

Summons for Witnesses.

Notices

of

Re-hearing.

Arrest.

Distress.

Warrants.

Search.

For

entering Gambling Houses.

Magis-

trates' Orders.

TOTAL

ΤΟΤΑΣ

NUMBER

OF FIRE

ENQUIRIES

HELD

DURING THE YEAR 1897.

M. F. M. F. M. F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

12,886 |10,237

548 | 1,481 151 73

12

95

M. F.

56 86 32

M. F.

M. F. M. F. M.

F.

2

25

:

•1 79 4 12,079 S07

2,172

6

130

1,465

147

*

TOTAL MALES AND FEMALES,

Consisting of

uders not sentenced to Imprisonment.

12,886

Punished.

and

Convicted

TOTAL

NUMBER

ΤΟΤΑΣ

NUMBER

OF

OF

CASES.

PRISON-

KRS.

11,185

+

1

:

:

į

:

:

:

THE CASES CONSISTED OF:-

121

OFFENCES.

No. of CASES.

No. of

PRI- SONERS.

OFFENCES.

No. or

No. of PRI-

CASES. SONERS.

Arms Consolidation Ordinance 8 of 1895,--

Ammunition-Being in possession of Arms-Carrying or having possession of, without a

license.

11

-Dealers neglecting to keep Register of

Selling to unauthorised persons,

Banishment and Conditional Pardons Ordinance 8 of 1882,-

Banishment-Returning after

Building Ordinances 15 of 1889, 25 of 1891 and 7 of 1895,-

Blasting Stones to the danger of Persons & Property,. Cutting earth, or turf, and extracting stones from

Crown Land,

Drain-Connecting, with the Government Main

Sewer ithout obtaining a permit,

Ground Surface-Failing to concrete,

Hoardings and Scaffoldings-Neglecting to erect

during repair of Buildings,

Matshed Overcrowding.

Cattle Diseases Ordinance 17 of 1887,-

Cattle-Landing at prohibited wharf, &c.....

Infected areas -- Removal of animal or articles from.... Chinese Emigration Consolidation Ordinance 1 of 1889

amended by 25 of 1889,

Decoying Men or Boys into or away from the Colony,... Passage Brokers-Neglecting to attend before Emi- gration Officer for the purpose of delivering contract tickets to Passengers,

Chinese Extradition Ordinance 26 of 1889,

Chinese Territory-Crimes and Offences committed in. Closed Houses and Insanitary Dwellings Ordinance 15 of

1-94-

Basement floors-Inhabiting.

68

Brought forward,

440

1,005

6

13

Gambling Ordinance,—Continued.

Street Gambling,..

85

113

45

1946

45

Watchmen to Street Gamblers Acting as,

3

3

Good Order and Cleanliness-Ordnance 1 of 1845,-

Animals-Cruelty to,

19

23

Bonfire-king,

109

33 33

Breach of the Peace,

Cartile turned loose op public ways....

2

"Dead Body, exposiart in the public street,

Disorderly beha four,

Dogs-Allowing unmuzzled ferocious, to be at large, 13

-Ingting, to attack persons, &c.,

Domesti Servants-Misconduct as,

ཀླཌྭ

109

19

22

1

1

2

3

614 1.131

13

1

52

52

Firearms Discharging, to the danger of the Public, Furius driving,

3

3

56

82

10 CO

21

56

Furnitures, &c.,-Removing to evade rent,

1

1

Horse Riding on the footpath,

1

1

Indecent exposure of person by bathing, or otherwise, Nuances Allowing dirt and filth, &c., to remain

14

14

posed,

31

31

Co

Co

Nuisances Discharging sewage water and offensive

matter into the public side channel, Nuisances-Hanging wet clothes, &c., over Public

ways,

3

3

51

51

1

1

Nuisances-Throwing rubbish, &c., into the Streets, Obstruction of Roads and Streets by Hawkers, and

Shopkeepers,..

92

103

664

665

2

3

Stones-Throwing to danger of the public...

1

1

Streams---Defiling,

1

1

Unlawful possession of property,

320

364

9

9

of trees, shrubs, &c.,

72

74

Cocklofts and Mezzanine floors-Erecting, without

permission from the Sanitary Board, Cocklofts and Mezzanine floors Neglecting to re-

Vehicles-Unnecessary noise by,

3

3

16

16

Hongkong Fire Brigade Ordinance 4 of 1868,-

Firemen Misconduct as,

1

1

move.

3

3 Larceny and Other Similar Offences.-Ordinance 7 of

'ubicles-Breach of Regulations for,

13

13

1865,-

Ground Surface, &c.-Domestic buildings-Offence

Burglary,

as to,

1

Embezzlement

13

**

2

13

Houses-Neglecting to cleans and limewash,

4

مهر

Premises-Neglecting to keep clean and whole-

some condition,

False pretenges- Obtaining, or attempting to obtain-

goods of money by,

48

55

2

Coinage Offences-Ordinance 10 of 1865.

Counterfeit Coins- Uttering, or being in possession of, Common Law,——

7

+

Housebreaking,

Bribery,

3

Champerty,

Conspiracy to defraud,

Felony-Astempting to commit,

Found in Dwelling house, &c., by night,

with intent to commit,

Larceny as a bailee,

-by servants,

Common..

3

13 14

7

3

17

18

19

19

1

1

5

5

977

1,073

Intimidating Witnesses,

from the person,....

80

84

Piracy,

from the person with violence,

3

Suicide Attempting to commit,

17

from Ships or boats in the Harbour,

10

18

Prisoner-Escaping from lawful custody of Police, Coroner's Abolition Ordinance 17 of 1888,-~

1

of fruit or vegetable productions in Garden,

4

Menaces-Demanding money by,

14

Juror-Neglecting to answer Coroner's Summons to

Stolen goods Receiving.

28

attend Inouest,...

1

1

icensing Consolidation Ordinance 21 of 1887,-

Dangerous Goods Ordinances 8 of 1873 and of 1892,-

Dangerous Goods-Boat laden with, anchoring in

prohibited place

Hawking within the prescribed limits of Market,

335

335

-Unlicensed

689

690

Money Changer+Unlicensed,

Dangerous Goods - Boat conveying, without proper

precution,

Public Vehicles+Demanding more than legal fare....

19

+888-2

22

-Carrying no lights between sunset

Dangerous Goods-Carrying, uncovered in boat, Dangerous Goods-Conveying or exposing for Sale, without attacking labels to cases or vessels con- taining the same,

4

and sunrise,

3

3

-not keeping rule of the Road,.

8

--Obstruction of Streets by,

98

110

""

"

16

16

-Refusing to accept hire when un-

Dangerous Goods Ships, &c. lying alongside Wharf or landing place to land or ship, for more than 15 minutes,

Dangerous Goods-Ships, &c, neglecting to hoist a

Red Flag when laden with,

employed,

52

56

-Refusing to pay fare of,

14

14

13

13

10

-Unlicensed, plying with,

153

160

-Using, for conveyance of merchan-

dise, or dead bodies or persons

Dangerous Goods-Storing, more than the quantity

allowed by license.

"

Dangerous Goods-Selling without a licence,

1

suffering from infectious diseases, ---Unlicensed drivers or bearers of-

Plying for hire,

Dangerous Goods-Unlicensed storing of.

Magistrate's Ordinances 7 and 10 of 1890,-

Dangerous Goods-Wharf-Unlawfully alongside of

-while another ship was discharging,

Disorderly behaviour while drunk,

Drunkenness,

122

Offences under,.

Dogs Ordinance 9 of 1893,-

Dogs-Unlicensed keeping of,

Exportation of Military Stores Ordinance 13 of 1862,—

Exporting ammunition prohibited by Proclamation,. Forgery-Ordinarice 6 of 1865,--

Forged instruments-Obtaining goods or money by.. document-Uttering, with intent to defraude... Document Forging, with intent to defraud,

11

Forts Protection Ordinance 10 of 1891,-

Battery, Fieldwork, or Fortification-Entering, with-

out a written permit,

Fugitive Offenders Act 1881,-

Gambling Ordinance 7 of 1891.-

False Charge,-Preferring-or wilfully giving false

11

11

evidence,

➢ཆེརྒྱསཆེ

17

17

59

59

194

194

123

30

30

1

nsulting expression-Using, or behaving in an in-

sulting manner before Magistrate,

2

2

Recognizances-Breach of,

44

44

00 10

Falsification of accounts, &c. with intent to defraud,. Malicious injuries to property-Ordinance 8 of 1865,—

Arson,..

r-

1

5

5

Injuries to property,

19

21

Injuries to tree or vegetable productions in Garden.... Markets Ordinances 17 of 1887 and 23 of 1890,—

81

81

1

1

Articles of food for man-Exposing for Sale, in a

place other than Public Market,

244

244

Common Gaming House-Keeping, or playing in, Lotteries-Dealing in,.........

67

612

5

5

Fish, &c.,-Selling in Markets, not being holders of

stalls, Market-Nuisances in,

28

28

5

Carried forward,.....

440 | 1,005

Carried for pard,

6,117

7,482

122

CASES,-Continued.

3

19

-Sleeping in,

OFFENCES.

Brought forward.....

Markets Ordinances 17 of 1887 and 23 of 1890,- Contå.

Market-Obstructing the Avenue of,

Sign-board-Failing to have.-in front of lan,

No. of

CASES.

NO. OF PRI-

SONERS.

OFFENCES.

No. of CASES.

No.of

PRI-

SONERS.

6,1177,482

Brought forward,..

Offences against the person. —

-Continued.

14

14

7

7

Opium Ordinance as amended by 4 of 1894,-

1

Unwholesome provisions-Exposing for Sale, or

bringing, into the Colony,

Workman, &c.-Intimidating.

Opium found on board of any ship. Not on the

Manifest,

7,853

9,507

5

9

1

1

7

7 Opium Ordinance. (Prepared) 21 of 1891.—

Merchandise Marks Ordinance 15 of 1890,-

Breach of,

1

Prepared Opium-Being in possession of, without

having valid certificates,

1,486

1,486

Merchant Shipping Act, 1894,--

Seamen-Disobeying lawful orders of Masters in

Opium Ordinance 22 of 1887 and 22 of 1891,— ་་

Breach of (Raw),.

10

12

British Ships,

10

10

Seamen-Neglect or refusal of duty by, in British

Pawnbrokers Ordinance 3 of 1860,-

License-Breach of, by taking in pawn in prohibited

Ships,

Surreptitious passage-Obtaining,

Merchant Shipping Consolidation Ordinance 26 of 1891,

Boarding Ships without permission,

Boats-Beating drums or gongs during prohibited

hours,

Boats-Concealing the number of.

-Making fast to ship under way,

วง

7

7

hours,

4

6

Peace and Quiet Ordinance 17 of 1844,-

Breach of.

10

11

35

36

Police Force Consolidation Ordinance. 14 of 18$7,—

Police Constables-Misconduct as,

4

4

29

N28

Police Force Regulation, Ordinance 9 of 1862.-

19

-Mooring within the limits of Men-of-War

anchorage,

1

"

Police Constables-Assault on. in execution of duty..

---Obstructing, or resisting, in the discharge of their duties, -Being in possession of Police

21

26

7

10

"?

-Mooring in shore between the hours of 9

79

o'clock at night and gun-fire in the morning,

-Mooring, unlawfully within the Typhoon

Refuge,

-Plying between this Colony and places out of Colony not having a licence from Har- bour Master,

-Refusing to accept hire,

to stop or go alongside Wharf when

called upon by Police,

&c.-Unlicensed,

appointments, not being a member thereof,

1

1

70

70

Post Office Ordinance, 1 of 1887,—

Regulation of transmission of Chinese Correspond-

7

7

ence Breach of.

10

10

Forged Stamps-Using........

1

2

**

to show Licenses to Police,...

60 21.00

* 200

Praya Reclamation Ordinance 15 of 1889,—

Boats. &c.-Unlawfully entering Reclamation Area,... Prison Ordinance 18 of 1885,--

Prisoner-Escaping or attempting to escape from

Victoria Gaol,

Prisoner-Aiding and abetting.-to escape.

Private Vehicle Ordinance 13 of 1895. —

Private Vehicles-Not keeping rule of the Road,

-Unlicensed,

Public Buildings, Gardens. &c.-Regulations for main- tenance of good order and preservation of property

in. Ordinance 8 of 1870,-

38

38

12

12

13

Co ma

7

7

13

6

134

136

Boat Licences -Breach of conditions of,

3

3

Cargo-boat-License, breach of conditions of,

3

3

Fairways-Obstructing,

39

40

Goods unlawfully obtained-Throwing into water,

7

Junk-Anchoring in prohibited place,

5

Nuisances in Harbour,

93

104

Quarantine Regulations-Breach of,

...

2

Public Gardens-Breach of Regulations for. Wong Nei Chung Recreation Ground Regulations-

17

19

Seamen-Absenting from duty, from British or

Breach of,

2

2

Foreign Ships,

16

16

3:

Seamen-Boarding House Unlicensed Keeping of,

>>

- Desertion of, from British or Foreign Ships, --Remaining behind Ships after having signed

the Articles.

Ships, &c.-Anchorage or Harbour-Leaving without

Clearance or during prohibited hours...

-Explosive on board,-Neglecting to report

on arrival,

-Fireworks-Discharging,

-Gunpowder, possession of more than 15

1

Public Health Ordinances 24 of 1887 and 4 of 1895,--

Boats, &c.-Breaming on foreshore.

9

12

12

2

A

Common Lodging Houses Regulations-Breach of, Common Lodging Houses-Unlicensed keeping of, Drain, &c.-Leaving open and unprotected, Latrine Regulations-Breach of,

10

10

40

40

11

11

Laundries-Using, as sleeping rooms,

→OO**** -

3

3

Laundries-Unregistered,

1

11

步步

Ibs. on,

"

-Lights-Neglecting to exhibit at night,

-Not having certificate: Master,..

"

Nuisances-Neglecting to abate, after notice served

1

Night Soil or noxious waters-Carrying, during pro- hibited hours, or depositing in the Streets,

by the Sanitary Board

67

67

I

1

101

101

Offensive trade-Establishment, Breach of Bye-Laws

1

made under,

4

--Passengers-Carrying, in excess,

Steam Launch-Exhibiting side lights not fitted with

in board screens between sunset and sunrise,..

Steam Whistles-Unnecessarily blowing,

Telegraph Cables-Anchoring within the limits of

area of.

Wharves-Embarking passengers at prohibited,

Morphine Ordinance 13 of 1893,-

21

21

Overcrowding-in tenement house,

3

Pigs, &c.--Keeping, without license,

159

159

Pigsties, &c.-Neglecting to clean,

13

13

Plague and other infectious diseases-Neglecting to

report cases of, .

---Obstruction of, by boat people,.

8896

2

2

Reformatory Ordinance 19 of 1886,-

6

Breach of,

1

1

39

39

-

Registration of Births and Deaths Ordinance 16 of

1896, -

Breach of,

10

5

10

5

Dead Bodies-Unlawful removal of,

14

Naval Stores Ordinance 9 of 1875,-

Anchorage of Ships of War.-Dredging at,

40

40

Nuisances-Ordinancë 10 of 1872,-

Chai Mui-Night noises by playing at the Game

known as,

Death-Failing to report,

-Wilfully giving false information to Police &c.,

Regulation of Chinese Burials, and Prevention of certain

Nuisances, Ordinance 12 of 1856.

+21

19

923

1

48

48

Rough dressing, &c. of granite in or near a Public

Obeying calls of nature in the streets or in improper

places,......

143

place,

4

4

Roads and Streets-Injury to,

Street Cries by Hawkers,

171

171

Shrubs, Trees-Cutting or destroying,

Offences against the person. Ordinances 4 of 1865, and

9 of 1897.

Trespass on Crown Land,

888888

143

7

2

89

Assault-Causing grievous bodily harm,..

-Common,

690

943

Regulation of Chinese People. Ordinance 8 of 1858,–

Building-Occupying or erecting, on land not being

under lease from the Crown,

14

16

"2

-Indecent,

4

Mendicancy,

21

21

፡፡ On Peace Officer,...

Person-Forcible taking or keeping of,

Regulation of Chinese Ordinance 13 of 1888,-

Bills-Posting, without permission from Registrar

-Unnatural Offence-Committing,..

3

3

General.

3

4

Child Stealing,

17

Drums and Gongs-Night noises by beating,

10

10

Cutting and wounding with intent to do grievous

bodily harm.

18

18

Cutting and wounding with intent to commit murder,

Fireworks-Discharging, without permits..... Lights or Passes-Chinese out at night, without, River Steamers, Ordinance 16 of 1895,-

342

342

149

149

Manslaughter,

Murder,

Rape,

Stupefying drug; &c.-Administering,

Carried forward,..

|7,853 9,507

Passage-Obtaining, or attempting to obtain, with-

out payment in River Steamers,

Rogues and Vagabonds, 5th of Geo. IV Chapter 83. s. 4.- Rogues and Vagabonds-As suspicious characters,..

Carried forward ..

9

11

11

10,632 12,315

:

:

OFFENCES.

Brought forward,.....

Rogues and Vagabonds,― Continued.

Rogues and Vagabonds-Being in possession of house-

breaking implements,

Rogues and vagibonds-found in Dwelling house,

&c. for unlawful purpose,

Rogues and Vagabonds-Receiving monies &c. for

Charitable Contributions under false pretences,... Rogues and Vagabonds-Indecent exposure of person, logues and Vagabonds--Gambling in the Street, Rogues and Vagabonds-Wandering abroad and

lodging in the open air,

Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance 18 of 1896,-

Breach of,

Spirit Licences, Ordinance 21 of 1886,-

Grocer's Licence-Refusing to show-to Police, Intoxicating Liquors-Selling without license,

12

-Adulteration of, .

Public House-Intoxicating Liquor, Selling during

prohibited hours in,

Public House-Permitting disorder in,,

"

-Refusing to produce-License of-to |

Police,

-Sign-Production of Spirit License..

Unlicensed Place-Drinking intoxicating liquor in....)

Stowaways Ordinance 7 of 1897,--

The Tramways Ordinance 6 of 1883,-

Stowaways.

Breach of,

Carried forward,

Magistracy, Hongkong, January 1898.

CASES,-Continued.

No. OF CASES.

No. OF

PRI- SONERS.

OFFENCES.

No. 07 CASES.

123

No. of PRI- SONERS.

10,632 12,315

Brought forward,..

|10,938 | 12,621

The Uniform Ordinance 10 of 1895,-

Military Uniform-Wearing,..

4

4

6

Vagrancy, Ordinances 12 of 1888 and 25 of 1897,—

Vagrants.

10

10

71

71

Waterworks. Ordinance 16 of 1890,-

Water Wasting,

129

130

1

3

Water Works-Valve of-Wrongfully opening.. Weights and Measures Ordinance 8 of 1885,-

1

1

Breach of,

21

21

197

197

Wild Birds and Game, Ordinances 15 of 1885 and 4 of

1892,-

Birds and Game - Unlicensed taking of,

3

4

2

2

Women and Girls Protection Ordinances 11 of 1890, 6 of

1894, and 9 of 1897,-

1

1

10

10

Decoying women or girls into or away from the

Colony,

37

49

2

Detaining, harbouring, or receiving women or girls

for the purpose of prostitution,

16

20

Disorderly House Keeping a,

9

Indecent assault upon any female,

1

-

Letting out for hire women or girls for the purpose

of prostitution and knowingly deriving profits therefrom,

Procuration of girls under 16 to have carnal con-

nexion,

3

3

Purchasing, pledging, or selling women or girls for

the purpose of prostitution,

11

11

2

2

10,938 |12,621

TOTAL,..

11,185 12,886

H. E. WODEHOUSE, Police Magistrate.

124

ABSTRACT of CASES brought under COGNIZANCE at the POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURT during a period of Ten Years, from 1st January, 1888, to 31st December, 1897, inclusive.

CASES, HOW DIsposed of, and THE NUMBER OF Male and FEMALE PRISONERS UNDER EACH Head.

YEARS.

TOTAL NUMBER

OF CASES.

Convicted and Punished.

Discharged.

Committed for Trial at Supreme

Court.

Committed to Prison or detained pending Orders of His Excellency the Governor.

Ordered to find Security.

Punished for Preferring

Total

To keep the Peace,

False Charge | Undecided.

Number

to be of Good Beha- viour, and to answer

any Charge.

or giving False Testimony.

of Defendants.

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

B

1-1

15

16

17

|

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F.

M.

F. M.

F.

M.

F.

1888,

11,647

9,700

232

2,704

145

168

co

98

11

177

15

3

48

:

889,.

8,670

6,626

268 2,319

178

157

10

44

10

303

34

17

64

1890,

9,739

7,423 317

2,406

151

102

15

259

59

:

3

...

35

炒炒饼

1891,

13,676

13,438

534 1,906

134

40

12

153

:

19

1

143

1892,

11.920

11,771 327 1,927

151

40

4

5

191

20

7

:

28

2 12,898 411

9,530 503

10,243

529

ลง

15,693 689

13,969 502

Total,..... 55,652

48,558 1,678 11,262

759

507

20

174

21

1.083

147

31

318

д

62,333 2,634

Average per

Year,

11,130-4

9,791 6 335-6 2,252-4

151-8

101-4 4:0

348

4.2

2166

29.4

2

6.2

63.6

1-8

12,466 6 526.8

893,

10,727

10,049 306 1,532

75

102

01

1894,

10,447 9,465 302 1,716

95

63

1895,

1896,

17,016 15,058 725 2,345 196

17,767 16,659 797 1,371 203

51

62

21

1897,

11,185 10,237 518 1,481 151

73

12

1

242

36

17

23

11,972

420

5

255

23

10

1

16

11,530 423

232

77

12

199

17,897 1,001

232

72

28

5

115

18,408 | 1,100

183

88 25

79

12,079 807

Total,...... 67,142 61,4682,678 8,445 720

351

40

14

A

1,144

296

92

10

432

71,946 3,751

Average per}

Year,

13,428 4 12,293 6 535-6 1,689 0

144-0

70 2

80

2.8

0.4

228.8

59-2

18:4

2:0

86.4

10

14,389 2 | 750-2

Grand Total

for the 10 122,794 110,4264,856 | 19,707 1,479 Years,

858

60

188

28

2,227

143

123

10

750

14

134,279 6,385

Average per

Year,

12,279 4 1,042-6435-61,970-7 1479

85.8

6:0

18.8

28

222.7

44 3

12:3

1.0

75·0

13,427-9638.5

Magistracy, Hongkong, January, 1898.

H. E. WODEHOUSE,

Police Magistrate.

No. 2.

MAGISTRACY,

HONGKONG, 28th January, 1898.

SIR-I have the honour to forward herewith the usual Annual Returns for the year 1897 in connection with all cases of death brought to my notice during the year.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

H. E. WODEHOUSE,

Police Magistrate.

125

BURIED WITHOUT FORMAL ENQUIRIES.

TABLE A.-Return of ALL DEATHS REPORTED DURING THE YEAR 1897.

NATIONALITY.

FORMAL ENQUIRIES HELD.

Men. Women. Boys. Girls. Total. Men. Women. Boys. Girls.

Sex not ascertainable.

Total.

Europeans and Americans,

11

...

Indians and Malays,......

:

:.

Japanese,

...

Chinese,

32

16

:

CH

11

-K

4

2

1

my

:

:

2

1

3

1

:

:

:

:

:

1

6

58

128

27

212 208

16

591

Total,......

43

16

4

6

69 135

30

213

208

16

602

Total for 1896, .

35

8

2

3

48

228

36

149

141

35

589

H. E. WODEHOUSE,

Police Magistrate.

TABLE B.-RETURN OF FORMAL ENQUIRIES DURING THE YEAR 1897.

Magistracy, 28th January, 1898.

FINDING.

Euro-

peans.

Chinese.

Men. Men. Women. Boys. Girls.

1

10

1

1

1

1

1

:

:

1

:

:

:

:

co

3

I

Total.

:

:

2

1

1

::

Accidental death,.

Accidental death-Suffocated by a fall of earth,........

Accidental drowning,

Accidentally drowned,

Cause of death-Fracture of the skull caused by a fall from a verandah whilst

suffering from the effects of drink,

Cause of death-Pressure on the brain from hemorrhage the result of a blow given by one Meelun, a seaman on board H. I. G. M. S. Arcona, with a stick,........

Compound fracture of the skull occasioned by a fall while attempting to escape

from the lawful arrest of the Police,

Death by burning occasioned by an accidental outbreak of fire in Houses

Nos. 14 and 15, Fuk Tsun Heung,

Death by drowning caused by the subsidence of 360 feet of the Praya Recla-

mation wall. We attach no blame to anybody,

Death by opium poisoning, but how or by whom administered to the Deceased,

there is no evidence before the Court to show,...

Death from an overdose of opium,.

Death from asphyxia,

Death from asphyxia caused by a wound inflicted on the neck of the deceased with some sharp instrument by some person supposed to be the husband of the deceased and with intent to murder,

Death from asphyxia caused by hanging, self-inflicted,

Death from heat apoplexy,......................

Death from injuries received from a blow from a drum weighing thirty-four

pounds and falling a distance of thirty feet upon the head of the deceased,... Death from intra-cranial hoemorrhage occasioned by a fall from the hatch of

the main deck of the S.S. Haimun into the hold below,.

Death from natural causes,.

Death from phthisis,

Death from suffocation or fire upon the occasion of the destruction of House

64, Third Street by fire on the night of the 23rd November,...

Death occasioned by injuries received from a fall in jumping over the verandah of the first floor of the Government Civil Hospital in which he was a patient while in a state of mental aberration,

Carried forward,.

:

:

.:

12

Ι

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

:

2

1

-

1

1

2

1

1

1

3

:::

:

:

1

1

1

1

1

2

1

10

5

15

1

3

24

14

4

5

50

126

Chinese.

TABLE B.-RETURN OF FORMAL ENQUIRIES DURING THE YEAR 1897,—Continued.

FINDING.

Euro-

peans.

Men.

Men. Women. Boys. Girls.

Co

3

24

14

:

2

21

:

:.

:

:

:

'Total.

10

5

:

:.

50

2

1

1

1

1

I

J

1

1

1

3

3

1

1

1

1

2

2

1

1

Brought forward,..............

Death occasioned by the falling of the buildings 248 and 250, Queen's Road West, through the collapse of the party wall, occasioning death by asphyxia in the case of Un Ming and death by shock through injuries received in the case of Lai Tai Sin, there being no sufficient evidence to show what was the immediate cause of the collapse of the party wall...... Death occurred from injuries received from an accidental explosion.......... Death resulted from a bullet wound self-inflicted consequent upon mental distress in connection with money difficulties into which he had fallen with the Hongkong High-Level Tramway Co., Ld, of which he had been the Superintendent since 1892,

Death resulting from injuries received through the collapse of the party wall

dividing Houses 92 and 94, Hollywood Road,................

Death resulting from the effects of a fall from the verandah of the Second floor of Wellington Barracks over which the deceased jumped while in an unsound state of mind,

Drowned by deceased's boat being run down by the Danish S.S. Frejr. Accident due to Deceased having put her helm down instead of up and so attempted to re-cross the bows of the steamer,

Found drowned,

Murdered by some person or persons unknown,

Suicide by cutting her throat whilst temporarily insane, Suicide by drowning whilst temporarily insane,

Suicide by hanging,........

Suicide by hanging whilst of unsound mind,

Suicide by shooting through the head whilst in a state of mental aberration, That deceased came to his death by the collapse of No. 35, East Street due

to the shore having given way,

The Magistrate finds that the death of the deceased was occasioned by injuries received from a fall while engaged in working a piece of machinery on board H.M.S. Undaunted over the side of the ship, and that the fall was occasioned by the use of an old or worn out strand which gave in the hands of the deceased as he pulled at it,

Total,....

Magistracy, 28th January, 1898.

:

1

1

:

:

:

1

1

11

32

16

4

6

69

H. E. WODEHOUSE,

Police Magistrate.

TABLE C-RETURN OF BURIALS WITHOUT FORMAL ENQUIRIES DURING THE YEAR 1897.

Reason why no Formal Enquiry was held.

Chinese.

Europeans and Americans.

Indians

and Malays.

Japanese.

Men. Women. Boys. Girls. Men. Women. Boys. Men. Women. Man.

Sex not

*p[qvux641008u

Total.

Found on

Found in

Harbour.

Known.

Land.

Un-

known.

Known.

Un-

known.

102 19 170 168

4

5

41

38

17

2

:.

No suspicious circumstances, No evidence and/or decomposed

state of body,

Post Mortem satisfactory,

Suspected persons were tried

for the murder of deceased, ... Suspected persons were tried for

causing the death of deceased,

Total......

4

:

ลง

2

1

:

:

:

128

27

212

208

Magistracy, Hongkong, 28th January, 1898.

:

1

1

1

1

469 70

290

20

89

:

16

102

55

47

1

:..

21 13

6

2

N

:

:

:

A

:

:

:

7

7

3

3

:

:

1

1

16

602 93

351 20

138

:

:

H. E. WODEHOUSE, Police Magistrate,

145

No. 10

98

HONGKONG.

SUPREME COURT RETURNS FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

No. 28.

SUPREME COUrt, HONGKONG, 10th February, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to forward to you herewith the return of Criminal cases in the Supreme Court for 1897.

The Honourable

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

J. W. NORTON KYSHE, Registrar.

COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&C.,

&c.,

&c.

RETURN of CRIMINAL CASES that have been brought under the COGNIZANCE of the SUPREME Court,

during the last Ten Years.

Charges Abandoned.

Postponed.

Number Number

YEAR.

of Cases.

of Convicted. Acquitted. Persons.

No. of Cases.

No. of Persons.

No. of Cases.

No. of Persons.

1888,

101

186

99

47

(g) 1889,

92

143

64

41

24

1890,

59

80

43

20

1891,

32

37

26

9

1892,

30

44

18

17

8472+

40

37

17

2

9

Total,

314

490

250

134

65

105

:

1893,

43

57

33

16

1894,

36

44

21

17

1895,

26

39

23

9

1896,

64

60

27

26

(f) 1897,

52

67

39

17

11

89761

4654

1

1

11

Total,

221

267

143

85

30.

38

2

6

Average of 1st)

Period,

624

98

50

261

13

21

Average of 2ndĮ

441

Period,....f

383

cako

283-

17

6

73383

:

g. In one case the recognizance estreated; this case is included in the total, but not in any other of the above headings.

In one case the recognizance estreated.

J. W. NORTON KYSHE,

Registry, Supreme Court, Hongkong, 10th day of February, 1898.

Registrar.

146

INDICTMENTS and INFORMATIONS in the SUPREME Court of HONGKONG for the Year 1897.

Including Attempts and Conspiracies to commit the several offences.

Showing how the cases tried in the Superior Courts ended.

(Each Prisoner tried counts as a separate case; where a large number of Prisoners have been conviened together, the fact is mentioned in a note.)

Total.

Murder.

Manslaughter.

Attempt at Murder.

Concealment of Birth.

Judgment for the Crown,.........

39

1

Judgment for the Prisoners,...... 16

1

Prisoner found Insane,

1

1

Cases which fell through for want of prosecution or ab- sence of accused, and cases thrown out by the Grand Jury (Attorney General),

Cases postponed,

11

3

:

67

:

CO

6

5

:

:

:

:.

:

:

:

Abortion.

:

:

Registry, Supreme Court, Hongkong, 10th day of February, 1898.

Rape.

Unnatural Crimes.

Robbery with violence.

Other offences against the Person.

Offences against Property.

Miscellaneous Offences.

:

:.

:

1

:

:

1

:

:

:

:.

3

15

10

10

5

3

1

10

5

:

:

:

CO

3

:

N

1

1

6

21

14

12

J. W. NORTON Kyshe,

Registrar.

COMPARATIVE TABLE showing the NUMBER of OFFENCES, APPREHENSIONS, CONVICTIONS and ACQUITTALS

for the last Four Years.

The Number of Convictions in the Superior Courts-

1. For Offences against the Person, ....

2. For Offences against the Property,

3. For other Offences,......

The Number of Persons acquitted-

2. In the Superior Courts,

Registry, Supreme Court, Hongkong, 10th day of February, 1898.

1894.

1895.

1896.

1897.

16

17

15

24

1

10

10

4

2

10

5

17

9

32

3e

28

J. W. NORTON Kyshe,

Registrar.

}

་ ་་-་

1

A

Number of Cases tried.

Number of Persons tried.

RETURN of CRIMINAL CASES tried in the SUPREME COURT of HONGKONG during the Year 1897.

SENTENCE.

147

Charges Cases

Abandoned. Postponed.

CRIMES.

3

1

1

1

1

3

Administering stupifying drug with intent to

commit an indictable offence, ...

Arson,

Assault with intent to commit buggery, .........

Bribery of a Police Constable,

Buggery..

Conspiring to obstruct and pervert the due course

of public justice,

Demanding money with menaces,

Embezzlement,

Forgery,

Having forged Bank Note in possession, knowing

1

1

same to be forged,

1

Larceny,

Larceny by a Servant,

Larceny in a dwelling house,.

Manslaughter,.

Murder,

Obtaining money under false pretences,

Perjury,

1

1

1

Rape,

1

1

Returning from banishment,

Robbery with violence,

Setting fire to a dwelling house, there being person

therein,

Uttering a forged letter,

41

57

la

Uttering counterfeit coin,

Women and Girls'

Protection Ordinance 1890,

ai!

Offences under,..

Wounding with intent to do grievous bodily harm............

16 Wounding with intent to commit murder,

3

Of 67 Persons

Recognizance estreated........

1

Nin

Convicted.

3

:

:

:

2

1

:

:

:

:

Acquitted.

Death.

Death Recorded.

Hard Labour

over One Year.

Hard Labour One

Year and under.

Solitary Confinement-

Number of Persons.

Number of Persons. Privately Flogged-

No. of Cases.

No. of Persons.

No. of Cases.

No. of Persons.

1

ܗ: ::

39

17

3

2

1

:

27

H

C1

Hei Hi Hi ami

3

1

10 were not indicted which are included under the heading of "Charges Abandoned," ...10

Nii

::

1

2

::

com:

1

1 1

...

...

...

3

...

1

11

11

..56 were indicted.

1

67 Persons.

-

a. Defendant failed to appear, and recognizance estreated.

b. Prisoner having been found by a Jury empannelled for the purpose was committed to Gaol pending the Orders of His Excellency

the Governor.

Registry, Supreme Court, Hongkong, 10th day of February, 1898.

J. W. NORTON KYSHE, Registrar.

...

65 ·

No.

1

98

No. 1.

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE HEAD MASTER OF QUEEN'S COLLEGE FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

QUEEN'S COLLEGE,

4th January, 1898.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward herewith the Annual Report on this College for the

year 1897.

1. 681 boys were admitted in the course of the past twelve months, raising the total Roll from 531 in January to 1,212 in December. It is thus evident that we have in the same year been practi- cally dealing with two separate schools, an old and a new one, each as large as the old Central School, whose record total attendance in 1888 was 634. It is a somewhat formidable undertaking to organise in one year an entirely new school of 600 scholars; but the task of suitably accommodating and classifying an inrush of 600 new candidates for admission is even more complex.

2. The total accommodation provided is 924 seats. We had a monthly attendance of over 900 scholars, during seven months of the year; the largest numbers being 961 in September, 950 in May, 942 in June. The attendance 900 has only been touched in one previous year, viz., 1891, when the College was a novelty; in March and April of that year the figures 919, 932 were attained, to fall however before its close to 744, whereas in December last 866 boys were present.

3. This sudden access of numbers is due to a natural spontaneous cause, which we may therefore reasonably expect to prove abiding. A demand for European education has arisen, during the last two years, throughout the length and breadth of China. Native English teaching schools have sprung up in Canton, Swatow and the neighbourhood of Macao; while even in Yokohama, the Chinese com- munity are about to open a school where English, Japanese and Chinese will be taught.

4. It is a matter of congratulation to the Government, that the original estimate of 700 seats, made by Dr. STEWART in 1882, was not adhered to. Ten years ago, I recommended 770 as a minimum, and subsequently 924 as a maximum accommodation; alleging as a reason the overcrowding in the Central School, owing to the want of capacity in the building to meet the demand, increasing every decade. From a financial point of view, too, it must be satisfactory to have 224 extra monthly fees, without additional cost in the way of increased staff.

5. My experience at the old Central School, with its 450 boys, taught me, that it was only when the demand exceeded the supply, that regular attendance could be enforced with the necessary strict- ness. Chinese are like most other people, they value most what there is some difficulty in obtaining. If a guardian finds that his boy's seat, vacated for some trivial cause, is taken in his absence by another, he learns to respect the exigencies of school routine. I am therefore glad to draw attention to a pronounced improvement this year in attendance.

6. The total amount of Fees collected this year has been $13,460 or $3,500 in excess of last year's revenue from this source, and beating the previous record in 1895 of $12,667. It should be remem- bered that the largest amount of Fees collected in the old Central School was $6,899 in 1888, and prior to my arrival in 1882, $4,051 in 1881.

7. It should be manifest, that the introduction of so many new boys has necessitated very rapid promotions; this will be the more evident when it is understood, that of the 587 new boys (not including 94 re-admissions) 443 went to the Preparatory, 115 to the Lower, and 29 to the Upper School, 22 of these last being admitted to the non-Chinese classes. As a consequence 8 Boys from Class IV were examined in Class II, 24 from Class V in Class III; and more remarkable still 23 boys from Class VII were examined in Class IV, and 12 from Class VIII in Class V. From these speci- mens, the intensity of the upward impetus may perhaps be estimated.

8. Three little books on English Conversation were prepared by myself, at the instance of the Governing Body, and printed at the expense of the Government early in the year.

in the year. But as the cost necessitated excess of the amount provided for this item, the Government more than re-imbursed itself by selling to scholars the balance of these stores in hand. His Excellency the Governor then approved of my recommendation that all books, published in the Colony for the express use of this College, should cease to be included in School Stores, the expense of which is defrayed by the Fees paid in Vacation Months. Scholars were therefore instructed to procure such books for themselves at shops.

9. The immediate result was, that a very useful bilingual vocabulary long in use in manuscript form, prepared by the Second Master (Mr. A. J. MAY), was approved by the Governing Body and published.

66

[10.

10. Towards the end of the year, I submitted three suggestions, which, on the recommendation of the Governing Body, received His Excellency's approval. The object aimed at in all of them was the same, viz., the increase of English-teaching power throughout the College, as follows:-in the Preparatory School, by abolishing Monitors and appointing an extra Chinese Assistant;-in the Lower School, by relieving English Masters of Mathematical lessons in the Upper School; a com- petent Native Mathematical Master to be appointed, thus leaving the English Masters at liberty to give lessons in English Reading, etc. to classes in the Lower School;-in the College generally, by increasing the English Staff by two Masters. The scheme is to divide the Assistant Masters into two Grades, Senior and Junior, four in each, thus providing eight instead of six English Masters, at a slight additional cost to Governinent, the services of two Chinese Assistants being, of course, dispensed with. Mr. JAMESON's resignation affords opportunity for the appointment of one of these additional masters, the full realisation of the project having to await a further vacancy in the Senior Grade.

11. Mr. JAMESON, absent on leave, resolved not to return to the Colony as he has found the climate prejudicial to his health; he accordingly resigned from the 30th September. During his nine years' service, he proved himself a capable and energetic master, all the classes under his charge pass- ing with very high percentages at the Annual Examinations. The College experienced another serious loss, in the untimely death, last August, of Mr. CHU TSUN-CHING, Third Chinese Assistant, for many years most successfully in charge of the Fourth Class. Mr. CHỮ was head boy of the Second Class, at the first Annual Examination conducted by me on my arrival in January 1882, and with one excep- tion was the oldest of the Chinese Assistants, who began their professional career under my manage- ment. Being of a happy, cheerful disposition, he was a general favourite with the whole Staff, English and Chinese. Mr. BARCLAY, who acted for Mr. JAMESON, left in July on obtaining an appointment as Head Master of an English School at Nanking. We were fortunate in securing the services of Mr. HANKEY, in October, to supply the vacancy. Mr. WOODCOCK returned from leave in the middle of October. In September Mr. JONES, who returned from leave in January, was temporarily transferred to the Supreme Court, as we then were daily expecting Mr. JAMESON's return.

12. The rapid promotions amongst the Chinese Staff call for some remark. Mr. LUK SIK-KWONG, who was Second Pupil Teacher last January, is now Acting Sixth Chinese Assistant, which represents a rise of seven steps in twelve months. No fewer than 17 different men were Acting Monitors and Pupil Teachers. Considerable strain has therefore been put on all the Junior Chinese Assistants and Pupil Teachers, which was further intensified by the backwardness of their Pupils (para. 7). It affords me much pleasure to be able to speak very highly of the steady courage which they exhibited in cop- ing with these difficulties.

13. Four boys, none of whom was in Chinese dress, obtained Oxford Local Certificates, two Senior and two Junior. As this represents only 18 % instead of our usual 50 %, the result is very disappointing. The depletion of the Upper School, referred to in my last Report, is the chief cause, as may be gathered from the fact that only seven boys remained in December to represent 1.A. and I.B. classes together.

14. The Hongkong Branch of the Navy League awarded two prizes of $20 each to C. B. HAYWARD and R. PESTONJEE, respectively, for successful Essays on the subjects"The Command of the Sea" and "The Use of the British Navy." The Chairman at the Annual Meeting paid a well-deserved compli- ment to Mr. MACHELL on the instruction given by him to the boys in six lectures. I cannot do better than seize this opportunity for recording my appreciation of the improvement in the general work of 1.C. in the past year.

15. On my return from Japan, in September, I noticed that the entire interior of the building had been coloured and painted. For this we are indebted to the activity of the Acting Director of Public Works (Hon. W. CHATHAM), as previously it had been considered impossible to perform this feat within the limits of the vacation-four weeks. Keeping the interior of a school bright and fresh is not a luxury; it conduces largely to the cheerfulness and health of scholars and masters. I would suggest therefore that, if practicable, the interior should be at least colour-washel, once in four or five years. It is nearly twice that period of time since the original painting of this building.

16. I regret to have to report, that there is no abatement in the immoral notoriety of the imme- diate neighbourhood of this College, mentioned in my Aunual Report two years ago. It would appear, that existing legislation is too cuinbrous a machine to set in motion, for the removal of a well known and generally admitted nuisance from a district in the vicinity of several public buildings, a hospital, a Chapel, a large boys' school and the Belilios Public School for Girls.

Attached are the usual Tables.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

GEO, H. BATESON WRIGHT, D.D., Oxon.,

Head Master,

Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

January, February,

March,.

April,

May,

June, July,

August,

1897.

QUEEN'S COLLEGE.

Month.

Number of Scholars.

Number of

Number

Average

of

Attendances.

School Days.

Daily Attendance.

Remarks.

September,

October,

November,

December,

Total,......

531

8,348

17

491

751

4,334

6

722

857

21,101

27

782

915

10,973

13

844

950

21,852

25

874

942

19,313

22

909

20,216

23

877

5,946

961

14,369

953

22,237

920

22,023

866

18,980

NRTEROR

878

879

7

849

16

898

25

889

26

847

23

825

189,692

230

Total Number of ATTENDANCES during 1897,

.189,692

Number of SCHOOL DAYS during 1897,

230

Average DAILY ATTENDANCE during 1897, ...

825

Total Number of SCHOLARS at this School during 1897,

1,212

AVERAGE EXPENSE OF EACH SCHOLAR AT QUEEN'S COLLEGE DURING 1897.

Expenditure,-

Cash Book,

Do., Exchange Compensation,

Crown Agents, ....

Do.,

Adjustment of Exchange,

Deduct,-

School Fees,

Sale of Books,.

.$28,033.55

4,593.95

4,090.54

2,575.56

$39,343.60

$13,460.00

260.08

$13,720.08

$25,623.52

67

Total Expense of the College,..

Average Expense of each Scholar-

Per Number on Roll,

Per Average Daily Attendance,......

$21.14.

.... 31.06

GEO. H. BATESON WRIGHT, D.D., Oxon.,

Head Master.

169

No. 14

98

1

;

:

.

HONGKONG.

REPORT ON QUEEN'S COLLEGE BY THE EXAMINERS APPOINTED BY THE

GOVERNING BODY FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

HONGKONG, 11th January, 1898. GENTLEMEN.-We have the honour of laying before you the following report of the Annual Examination which we have, by your request, lately conducted.

A schedule of work was given us and we carefully prepared papers so as at the same time to test the general efficiency of the School and to be able to arrange the boys of each class in order of merit. Some of the questions set were consequently rather difficult for the more backward boys in some classes, but none were really beyond their standard as indicated by the schedule.

We think, on reviewing the whole of our work, that we may have been a little severe in with- holding marks from the lower boys in each class, and we are not prepared to say that the number of boys obtaining less than half marks represents truly the number of those who should be written down as failures. Such remarks as we shall make should be read in connection with the results as shown by

the mark sheets.

We consider, (in view of the fact that a large number of boys have been in the School less than six months), that the result of the Examination shows that there has been steady and useful work going on, and that, in spite of conspicuous failures in some classes, the education given is satisfactory. It should be borne in mind that in a School of nearly 900 boys it is difficult to impart a uniformity of knowledge in the various subjects, and that under the most favourable conditions there is likely to be a large number of stupid or idle boys whose work will tend to lower the standard of the class in which they are examined. We make this suggestion to, in some way, mitigate what may be considered the severity of some of our critical remarks.

The task of reporting upon the work done is as difficult as the work itself is lengthy. If 900 boys do exercises in Dictation, Translation, Arithmetic or Reading, it is manifestly impossible to sum- marise the whole of the work in one subject in a simple sentence or a short one. We have therefore, in some cases, given a more detailed opinion.

The first and last feature which presented itself to us in this examination was, we think, a very important one, and we wish to call attention to it. We refer to the great unevenness of merit in almost every class in almost every subject. No examiner looks for equality throughout a class, but we certainly expected to find more uniformity in each of the eight classes, and especially in each A section. We have been surprised again and again by the disparity between a few boys near the top and a considerable number near the bottom of the same class. We understand that the cause of this is the very rapid promotion which has been made during the past year. We are aware that there has been a very large addition of new boys, but this ought not to produce the result just alluded to. If boys are thus artificially promoted and forced up the School by a large influx at the bottom, one of two results must follow, either the boys thus too rapidly promoted will continually fail, or the standard of the class in which they are thus placed will be lowered. If either of these results obtains, and if the boys are examined on a few months' work only, an annual examination becomes a mere farce and waste of time. We venture to suggest that a remedy may be found in the creation of more parallel divisions so that promotions may be made according to absolute, rather than merely relative, merit.) If there be a class of 150 boys of a certain standard and 50 new boys arrive able to be placed in the same class it is manifestly unwise to promote 50 out of this class to inake room for the new-comers. Possibly also it might be arranged that new boys should not be examined until they have been in the School a certain time unless they show special ability. It would, of course, be necessary to see that at no part of the School, where any idle or stupid boys being neglected for the sake of the more industrious or clever ones. (Though it would be desirable to keep each class full, the first object should be to preserve the standard of it, rather than the number of boys attending it. The work of examination would be easier, and more reliable, and one year's work might be more accurately compared with that of another. We have had in mind the efforts that have been made to promote the study of English, and we are

) glad to be able to state that we have observed some marks of progress in this respect. Some of the Composition and Grammar papers, and the Reading and Conversation, lead us to think that there has been improvement, but there is much yet to be done.

Owing to the inevitable withdrawal of one of the three examiners on account of the pressing nature of his other public duties, the whole of the work devolved upon us. But, with the united approval of yourselves and the Head Master, in Reading and Conversation, we examined a few boys only in each section of the eight classes. The Head Master himself very kindly undertook to hear every boy read and converse before the rest of the examination began so that marks in these subjects could be awarded. We are much indebted to him for this as our tables of marks would be very incomplete without reference to these two subjects. One of the assistant masters also furnished us with marks for shorthand in one class.

170

We now append our remarks on each subject.

Reading and Conversation.-The reading in the upper part of the School was satisfactory; and in the lower fair, but it is scarcely a test to give boys a passage to read which they have already read so often that it has become quite familiar. We notice a tendency to disregard punctuation, to omit or slur over small words of great importance to the sense, and to confuse singulars and plurals, and past and present tenses. It struck us that the chief faults in reading were due to carelessness. In con- versation a few boys did well, many poorly. We hope that it will be found possible to increase the European Staff so that boys can learn to read and speak and write correctly. Much remains to be done before English colloquial can be said to hold its proper place as a subject of instruction in Queen's College.

Writing.-Marks for writing were awarded on the dictation exercises. This writing was eminently satisfactory, showing that almost every boy could write a good hand. Had the general work in other papers been marked for writing, there would have been less satisfaction. Boys often spoilt their work by carelessness, especially in the geography, grammar, and arithmetic papers; and it should be impressed upon them that in examination work there should be more uniformity of neatness. Inaccuracy of work and consequent loss of marks frequently resulted from untidiness.

Dictation. In the upper school, with the exception of IIc (Junior), the dictation was satisfac- tory. The other classes call for more particular remarks. After listening to Chinese masters giving dictation we were not surprised to find a number of words wrongly spelt; for example, in class VB, C, it was very common to see builts for builds, white for wide, comsist for consists, family for firmly, this for these, which for each, and each for its. We are convinced that such mistakes as misserssion, cristinous, dissmisteres, mistrict, esmeid, which occurred in one class as spellings of one word would not have been made if the class had been dictated to by an English voice. In the majority of papers the spelling was fairly correct, but the mistakes, such as escaped for escape, begin for begins, and others equally careless, or showing an equal ignorance of syntax, were far too frequent. VIA,B,C, the punctuation was feeble; some boys showed intelligence, placing the commas correctly; but as a general rule they were omitted or put in promiscuously. In another class we heard the dictation given and were quite prepared to find it written for eat, and eat for it, rope and rogue confused, and teeth spelt teef. We give these instances, in no hypercritical spirit, but because we think them very important. The divisions of class VIII use two different reading books which appear to us to be of unequal standard. The work in VIIIc was absurdly easy and very well done. Boys should be taught simple punctuation, not to divide monosyllables, and how to divide polysyllables.

Arithmetic.-Class IA,B, is very small, only 7 boys. Five of them did satisfactory work on a fairly difficult paper. In Ic., two boys, taking the same paper, did better than any boy in IA, and the rest did well. Several papers in IIA were good, but the work was very uneven: although easy ques- tions were for the most part well done, there were many failures in the harder work. Class III does not compare favourably with the two higher classes. They showed weakness in fractions. Out of 47 boys in IIIA 28 did an example in vulgar fractions in the same way wrongly, and 29 could not do division of decimals correctly. Ic (Junior), who were examined with III, found the

paper too difficult. The work of IV and IIc (Senior) was for the most part untidy, and mistakes were made in consequence of carelessness in writing. In the upper division of V vulgar fractions were fairly well done, but mistakes occurred by boys multiplying when they were asked to divide. In this class and IIc (Junior), who take the same work but do not seem to be up to the same standard, there was here and there a good paper; but on the whole the work was weak. Class VI was also disappointing, Class VII scarcely satisfactory, but the work of Class VIII was neat and promising.

Translation: English to Chinese.-Results in this subject show an improvement upon those of two years ago. The work of IIA, in which class all passed, deserves special mention. Throughout the School the work was well done. We noticed, however, in the lower school, that many boys mistook the meaning of simple English words; and in the upper School, especially in IA, there was a tendency to go beyond mere translation by introducing phrases and even entire sentences which had little or nothing to do with the subject. This latter fault should be carefully guarded against. Chinese who are able to translate correctly often fail to do so because of a disposition to sacrifice accuracy to style. We would suggest that correct translation should be insisted upon as the only means of rendering this part of the work efficient.

Translation: Chinese to English-With a few exceptions in the upper School, there was no attempt at independent translation; the renderings being almost word for word those found in the printed translations. It is not possible to attach much value to the reproduction in examinations of translations learnt by heart; and we are of opinion that the only real test would be made by setting each class a sentence or two of "sight" translation, which should be simpler than the prepared exercises.

Grammar.-The Grammar of the upper school, with the exception of the three non-Chinese classes, was excellent. There was strong evidence of very careful teaching; and we were pleased to find that boys could compose short sentences correctly to illustrate particular points. The analysis of sentences was good. In the other classes the work was weak. Many papers were full of

171

absurd errors arising apparently from attempts to remember statements in the text books which had nothing to do with the questions. In Vc, we noticed a curious instance of the mistake already referred to as cominon in reading, viz., the pronunciation of eat and similar sounds-it and its being given as parts of the verb to eat. A few papers in VA, B were satisfactory, but boys evidently expected certain questions and wrote matter which they were not asked for. In VI half the boys did fairly, but those at the bottom of the class were very weak indeed. The work of VII is very elementary. Parsing in the lower school was poor.

وو

Geography.-Class I took a paper on Physical Geography as well as on the geography of Europe. A few boys did excellently showing that the subject had been well taught, but as a whole the work was spoilt by some very weak papers. There was a common confusion between trade winds and monsoons: the variation in the length of the day at a given place was too often ascribed to the distance of the earth from the sun which was frequently said to be greater in winter than in summer. The practice of guessing, which is not confined to one class, should be strongly discouraged. Class II had studied the geography of England; about a quarter of the boys did well, the rest did not seem to understand the subject. It appeared as if the few at the top had been taught at the expense of the rest of the class. It is necessary to teach boys to answer the questions set, and not to write down random answers, or lists of names not required. There were far too many stupid answers (as "From London to Calais by railway we pass Leeds," "Severn flows N.E. to Humber" and "The coalfields are Ceylon, Russia, South and West Indies"). The maps drawn from memory were good. About half the boys in Class III did satisfactory work; the B section being considerably better than the a. The subject had evidently been carefully taught, but the map-drawing was rather disappointing. The liabit of guessing was again evident. One boy, after writing "Crimea is a town in Germany," wrote "Crimea is a town in Denmark. There were again many ridiculously wrong answers. Class IV offered the geography of China. A fair number of these papers were satisfactorily done, but there were an appalling number of mistakes arising from guessing or ignorance of English. There is too much learning by rote. Many boys do not understand what they write. There were frequent confusions between imports and exports, between imports and seaports, between imports and importance. We think it is right that boys should be taught the geography of their own country; and we would suggest that the geography of China be the subject of lessons in at least two classes. In drawing maps boys should be taught to mark the positions of towns as well as to insert the names, and, in doing so, not to put the position in the sea. They should also be taught to enter in their maps only such names as they are asked to If the text book on China in use now in the School is to be continued, we hope that it may be revised. There does not appear to be consistency in the romanising of Chinese names: for instance, we notice Chungkeng, Chungking, Choongking for the same city; So-ngan and Si-ngan; Kew-kiang and Kiu-kiang; Shan-tung and Shang-tung; Quang-sai and Quang-si; Anam and Annam, &c.; and the provinces of Kiang-si and Kiang. su confused. Class V: Many boys gave definitions well, but failed largely in giving examples in Europe and Asia, which continents they were supposed to have studied. The work of the lower part of the class was very poor: the definitions were much confused, showing that boys had not understood what they had been taught. It seems a pity that the maps to be drawn from memory, which were fairly well done, should not be maps of at least part of the coun- tries learnt from the text book. Had the subject been Africa (the same as the map), we think many boys would have done much better. Class VI: The fact that two or three boys got fair marks, and one (in a) good marks, points to a failure in the rest of the class which should have been avoided. Boys, who are taught "definitions," should be able to give fair examples of them. Scarcely any boys could give the capitals of England, China, and India. The maps of Hongkong drawn from memory were for the most part good.

enter.

Composition:---In Class I and in two divisions of Class V there was a high percentage of passes. In the other classes the percentage varied from 50 to 70, except in Class IIc (Junior) which was miserably weak. The highest class wrote on the question, "What are the best means of developing the resources of China." Five good essays were sent in from each section of the class. There was little evidence of original personal effort, but several boys showed an appreciation of China's condition, and an acquaintance with schemes of reform which have from time to time been suggested in news- papers. In the best papers the examiners are able to commend the order of treatment and general style. To the other classes short stories were read, and the boys were required to reproduce them in their own language immediately afterwards. Class II did fairly well; but as regards the style of composition in the lower classes, we can only say that many boys wrote in a language so peculiarly their own as to be quite unintelligible to the examiners. We would here repeat the opinion which has been already expressed that until colloquial English is more thoroughly learned by Chinese boys in the lower classes, their written English will never be satisfactory.

History:--A special period of 150 years only was offered by Class I; Classes II and III offered outlines of longer periods. The work of Ia, Ic (Senior) and IIA was good, and that of IIIB excellent. In Ic (Junior), IIc and IIIA answers were generally feeble and meagre. Two boys in Ic distinguished themselves, C. H. LEE gaining full marks and C. B. HAYWARD, 96. Although no general history was offered by Class I, the examiners deemed it advisable to ask a few easy questions outside the special period scheduled. Results showed, in many cases, so slight an acquaintance with facts of primary importance outside the period, that we question whether all the time devoted to this subject is wisely

172

spent in teaching comparatively unimportant details within the period. Whilst we think special studies in history should be encouraged, we are strongly convinced that broad general outlines should be clear in the mind before special attention is given to brief epochs in the early centuries of English History. We suggest, therefore, that boys in the highest class be required to prepare for their year's work both special and general history.

.

Algebra:-There is evidence of careful teaching in this subject. Two boys in Ia did excellently. While in Ic (Senior) fully three-quarters of the boys passed satisfactorily. In IIA a fair proportion of the boys gained good marks, but there were many weak papers. In IIIA there was some satisfactory work, but only three attempts were made at factors which are evidently not taught; there were also many mistakes in simple rules. IIIB is, in this subject as in so many others, in strong contrast to IIIA. They took the same paper and showed that they had been taught to work accurately. Ic (Junior) ought to have done better. IIc (Senior) have evidently not been taught factors, and the common mistakes in simple rules were very frequent. At present it would be better not to teach this class Algebra, but to let them improve their arithmetic.

Euclid:-In Ia there were two excellent papers, and two very poor indeed. The upper part of IIA and a few boys scattered up and down did very well indeed, in the small amount that they offered (Book I. 1-26). The rest did badly, making terrible confusion between the uses of and, therefore, for and because in an argument; they failed to apply I. 4 properly. In Ic (Junior), taking a shorter paper (propos. 1-15), only two boys wrote proposition 2 and only one proposition 12 correctly. No other propositions were written out well. The papers were full of bad mistakes. In IIIA only 15 boys out of 47 passed, but most of these did creditably (on propositions 1-12). The faults arising fom attempts at learning by heart are evident in the omission of important steps in an argument, and in the impossible order in which sentences are arranged. The majority of these boys do not under- stand what they try to write and the suggestion was forced upon the examiners again and again that the time of the class might be spent more profitably. In Euclid, if symbols are allowed for abbreviation care should be taken that they are thoroughly understood. In IIIB there was again evidence of much better teaching: Many propositions were correctly written out. On November 20th, within a month of the examination, the Head Master reported to us that one division of Class II could not offer Euclid as "they know nothing." As they had offered the first 15 propositions and this is supposed to be a year's work, the remark which was made in the Report of 1895, that "at present the time spent upon it (Euclid) is, in the majority of cases, wasted," is, in this particular case, partially confirmed.

General Information and Intelligence:-This paper afforded a test of power of expression rather than of information in possession of the boys. Although there were some intelligent papers, the results showed a weakness amongst boys other than English in expressing themselves.

Shorthand:-We consulted an expert in regard to the special test in shorthand; he writes to us as follows:--"The writer should not have tackled dictation with his present knowledge of contractions and grammalogues; and if an examiner were inclined to be severe he would deduct marks for faulty outlines. Between each line of shorthand there should be a clear line of space; then outline does not run into outline. As a general rule there should be no speed dictation until the pupil has reached the

reporting style '.'

Shakespeare:--Class I. prepared the first two Acts of "The Merchant of Venice." The upper boys in both divisions of the class did remarkably good papers: the rest were very weak. This short portion of a play appears to be the work of one term only. We suggest that the work of a longer period should be presented for the annual examination.

French :--One boy did excellently. Several boys in Ic did very satisfactorily on an easier paper. IIc (Senior) was very weak, but they had apparently only just begun the subject.

Book-keeping-Of the seven papers from Ia four were correctly, though not very neatly, done. In IIA half the boys passed, though only two obtained high marks.

Both

Latin:--One boy offered Latin and did a good paper on elementary grammar and Cæsar I. 1-30.

papers were marked by accuracy and style.

Pupil Teachers:--We examined three Pupil Teachers in ten subjects along with Class I, but their work did not compare favourably with that of the boys. All failed in Dictation and Geography, only one passed in History and in Arithmetic, but in Grammar and Composition they did fairly.

We recommend the following boys for Scholarships :-

Morrison Senior: C. H. LEE.

Morrison Junior: HUNG HING KAM.

Stewart:

LO PUN FAI.

Belilios Senior:

C. H. LEE and C. B. HAYWARD.

}

Belilios Junior:

WONG TAK KWONG.

And prizes for special subjects according to the mark sheets.

-

173

In the above remarks, we have tried to make a fair criticism of the work as it was presented to us, and if we have been obliged to censure some of the work we would not have it forgotten that there is much which we have praised. In almost all classes the work of many boys was distinctly satis- factory, and we are of opinion that there has been a general improvement in most subjects during the past two years. We strongly recommend the increased study of the English language, and, as far as possible, under English Masters. Believing that the large number of admissions during the past year has been chiefly due to an increasing desire on the part of the Chinese to receive an English education, we trust that the College will be fully able to meet this demand.

Lastly, we have to thank the Head Master and the Assistant Masters for their help during the examination.

We have the honour, Gentlemen,

To be your obedient Servants,

R. F. COBBOLD, M.A.,

THOMAS W. PEARCE,

Examiners.

P.S.-Appended is a table showing the percentages of "Passes" (half marks or over) in each

subject in each class.

To the

GOVERNING BODY OF QUEEN'S College,

Grammar.

Geography.

History.

Reading.

Eng. to Ch.

Ch. to Eng.

HONGKONG.

QUEEN'S COLLEGE, HONGKONG.

ANNUAL EXAMINATION, 1897.

Percentages of Passes in each Subject in each Class.

French.

Shorthand.

Arithmetic.

Algebra.

Euclid.

Book-keeping.

Composition.

Writing.

Shakespeare.

Colloquial.

Dictation.

Gen. Int.

IA., Ics,

86

29

63 55

Ic.,

53

20

IIA.,.

88

27

IIcs,

0

IICJ.,

15 8 38

220*

≈22

71 100 73

100

100

100

13 100

::

::

:882383

80

90

73

::

17

20

IIIA.,

91 26

IIIB.,

100 65 97

82895

69 100

100

82

37

36

95

28

85

::

47

10

15

76

98

100

IVA., IVB., IVc.,

35 59

100

21 41

100

35 49

100

VA VB., Vc.,

8

39

100

29 16

100

16

9

100

!

VIA., VIB.,

35

32

VIC.,

11

69:

97

10

100

96

VIIA.,

VIIB.,

VIIC.,

VIIIA., VIIIB., VIIIC.,

P.T.,

100

0 33

92293

49

87

20

:::

96

86

94

89

94 73

28253

*** 8 8 N 288 288 **

83

92

87

66

78

65

71

65

66

68

39

70 41

72

63

60

82

76 85

82

65 77

40

281 282 28 28I RAI 89

32

26

90

39

26:22

43 29 43 86 58 73

45

7 13

888

100

51

50

5

32

71

65

31

65

30

10

78

54

65

16

༄ན་མ|ཚེཎྜཤྩ

100

43

70

100 64 100 100

93

100 0 60 100

69

100

100 100

100

100

::

100 100

100

100

100

50

100

588 589 2 898953

57 71

29

50

8880

12

57

77

0

47

60

85

46

31

72

98

50

68

90

65 92

46

78

63 65

49 91

61

81

31 66

69

19

73

18

71

14

888

31

66

41 70

13

68

87

67

63

61

100 100

:

:::

:

:

:

:

53

100

89

47

100

70

34

100

67

585

81

100

69

100

61

100

67

:

:

100

100

20885

:::

:

:

:

91

76

98

:::

que a aca ao & 00 20 2000

8

16

13

32

57

35

34

58

32

34

58

33

58

56

31

53

56

37

67

0

0

3

900

No. of Boys.

351

No. 28

98

HONGKONG.

THE EDUCATIONAL REPORT FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government,

No. 29.

EDUCATION DEPARTMENT,

HONGKONG, 25th May, 1898.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward to you the Annual Report on the schools under my super- vision for the year 1897.

2. GENERAL EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS.--The total number of Educational Institutions known to have been at work in the Colony during the past year is 224 with an enrolment of 11,177 pupils. This number includes the Police School where 344 police officers receive irregular instruction, and 111 schools with 2.827 pupils which are in no way connected with the Government; 103 being schools maintained by the Chinese community, and the rest, with one exception, being schools supported by Roman Catholic religious institutions. The remaining schools, 112 in number, are maintained by the Government or aided by it, and are all subject to Government supervision, and in them 7,929 scholars were under instruction. Compared with the year 1896 these figures are on the whole satisfactory, but to obtain a correct idea of the position it is necessary to go back as far as the year 1893, as the effects of the plague in 1894 and in 1896 are still felt in various localities. Com- pared then with that year the Government Schools, and in these I do not include the Police School which is of an exceptional character, show an increase of 121 scholars. This is more than accounted for by the large increase in the number of pupils in the schools where English is taught, and in the Chinese division of the Belilios Public School. The actual number of schools has decreased from 24 to 16. The Grant-in-Aid Schools have decreased in number from 102 to 96, and the number of scholars attending them is 708 short of what it was in 1893. This loss occurs principally in the three districts of Saiyingpun, Tai-ping-shan, and Sheungwan in Vict ria, where the number of schools has fallen from 41 to 29, and of scholars, from 2,784 to 1,900. The Kai-fong Schools in these districts also show a loss of 29 schools and 406 scholars, whilst in the villages of Hongkong 10 schools have been closed. The total figures for the Kai-fong Schools for the past year are 103 schools and 2,247 scholars, as compared with 144 schools and 2,596 scholars in 1893. There is thus room for a good deal of improvement before the position of education, so far as Chinese Schools are concerned, becomes as good as it was before the plague. Of the nationality of the scholars, it is impossible to speak with exactness, but I believe about 7,780 to be Chinese and 3,060 non-Chinese.

3. DECENNIAL STATISTICS OF SCHOOLS UNDER THE INSPECTORATE.-The total number of schools subject to supervision and to examination by the Inspector of Schools last year was 111, and the number of scholars receiving instruction in them was 6,787. The corresponding figures for the years 1887 and 1877 are respectively 93 and 5,373, and 44 and 2,534. The large increase in the number of schools and scholars between the years 1877 and 1887 was due to the revision of the Grant-in-Aid Code in 1878.

4. TRIENNIAL STATISTICS.-As stated above, the number of scholars in schools subject to examination by the Inspector of Schools last year was 6,787. In 1896 it was 6,313, and in 1895, 6,792. There is therefore no progress to be reported.

5. SCHOOL FEES.-Elementary education in Hongkong is practically free. All the Government and Grant-in-Aid Schools which teach Chinese give a free education, and children of European extraction whose parents can plead poverty are charged no fees for an English education in Govern- ment Schools. In the Grant-in-Aid Schools in which fees are charged for an English education the ordinary fee is very small, and even this is reduced where the parents of a scholar are not well-to-do.

6. SCHOOL ATTENDANCE.--The average daily attendance was 4,567. This is considerably larger than it was in 1896, but is still 122 less than it was in 1895; the maximum monthly enrolment shows a slight improvement. The ratio of average daily attendance to enrolment is 76.93. In 1893 it was 78.19. In 1895 it was 76.95, and in 1896, 74.48.

7. LOCAL DISTRIBUTION OF SECULAR AND RELIGIOUS SCHOOLS.-In the subjoined table showing the distribution of the secular and religious schools the terms used have the same meaning as in previous reports. "Religious Schools" practically mean schools under the management of Christian religious societies. "Secular Schools" are schools managed by Chinese or by Europeans not connected with any religious society. "Government Schools" are schools conducted by the Government, whilst "Grant-in-Aid Schools" are managed by private bodies but are under the supervision of the Government and receive from it a grant which is assessed by an annual examination. "Kai-fong Schools" are

are public schools maintained by the Tung Wa Hospital and members of the Chinese

352

community and are completely independent of the Government. The table shows that the Chinese have no difficulty in finding a conveniently situated secular school to which to send their children, but the class from which the children are drawn who attend the public Chinese Schools have no hesitation in sending their children to a school where Christianity is taught, and it is noticeable that the average number of pupils in Grant-in-Aid Schools (exclusive of Homes and Orphanages), which give a Chinese education is 50 compared with 22 in the Kai-fong Schools. The European community is in part less fortunately situated, as the inhabitants of Kowloon have no convenient school-either secular or religious-to which to send their children.

Table showing the local distribution of Secular and Religious Schools in the year 1897.

Districts

exclusive of the Peak

Settlement.

Govern-

ment.

Grant- Kaifong. in-

Grand

Private. Private.

Total.

Total.

Total.

Aid.

Secular Schools.

Scholars.

Secular Schools.

*81B[0[oS

Rel. Schools.

Scholars.

Secular Schools.

Scholars.

Rel. Schools.

Scholars.

Secular Schools.

Scholars.

Rel. Schools.

Scholars.

Schools.

Scholars.

of all

Descriptions.

School

I. & II. Kennedy Town and Shek-

tongtsui,

III. Saiyingpun,

IV. & V. Taipingshan,

VI. Chungwan,

VII. & VIII. Hawan & Wantsai,.

IX. and X. Bowrington & Sookon-

pó,

...

:

3:80

7 243

1

58

2192 11|252| 15 | 981

19491 14 919 1 35

3 |1,700| 39 |811 26 1,974

2257

9224 10 | 465

7 210 7132

1

55

37

3 163

9354

XII. Villages of British Kowloon,

1 63 16 300 12 423

XI. Villages of Hongkong,

:.

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

÷

:

:

8 301 8

301

13 444 15 981

28

1,425

2223

20 526 14

919 34

1,445

4239 42 2,855 | 30 |2,213

72

5,068

2255 11 481 12 720

23

1,201

3

36

92

3

163 6

255

14 342 9

354 23

17

363

12

423 29

828

696

786

Total,.

16 2,477 103 2,247 96 5,522

1 35

75521205,103 | 103 | 6,074 223 11,177

8. EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION.-In the year 1897 the Government expended $72,984 on education, as compared with $76,501 in 1896. After deducting revenue obtained from school fees, &c., the nett expenditure for the year was $58,645.75 or 2.18 per cent. of the revenue, as compared with 2.52 per cent. in 1896 and 3.01 per cent. in 1887. The sums expended on schools under the Inspectorate were as follows:

as follows:-Belilios Public School (after deducting school fees) $2,966.25; fourteen other Government schools $5,458.16; 96 Grant-in-aid Schools (for 1897) $21,210.38. In the Belilios Public School the cost to the Government of the education of each scholar under instruction was $15.77, in the other Government schools $5.06, and in the Grant-in-aid Schools $3.84. In addition to the grant, the Societies which maintain Grant-in-aid Schools expended on them during the year a sum of $57,070.63.

9. NATURE OF THE EDUCATION GIVEN IN THE SCHOOLS IN THE COLONY.-There is no change to record under this heading. The Government has been unable as yet to give effect to its resolve to encourage an English education in future for the Chinese population. In schools which give an English education the syllabus is founded on that in force in English primary schools, and the text- books used are also those in use at home. But it is questionable whether either syllabus or books are suited for the teaching of English to Chinese. The text-book most in use in the First Standard seems to have been compiled with the object of including as few words as possible. Any boy of twelve-and that is the age at which Chinese begin to study English-should be able to learn twice or three times as many words in the course of a year. I do not see how the same methods and books can be suitable both for English and Chinese boys, nor how, from an educational point of view, the best results can be obtained in a school where boys of both nationalities are taught in the same class, and I doubt whether there are compensating social advantages to be gained from the association. In purely Chinese schools the education approximates very closely to that given in schools in China. It is true that geography (of a very elementary kind) is taught in the higher standards and arithmetic, as an extra subject, but in the teaching of Chinese itself there has been no advance for the last twenty years.

353

In the Annual Report for 1876 Dr. STEWART Wrote: "The School Book Committee's books, which

(C

were at first neglected and not a little despised, are now read in all the schools in the Colony over "which there is Government supervision.

*

*

*

The series promises to have more success than could ever have been anticipated for it." My predecessor held that Chinese must be taught according to Chinese methods, and that accounts perhaps for my finding that, with very few exceptions, these books are no longer to be met with in our schools. I am unable to believe that the Chinese have said the last word on education and that no progress is possible. According to the Code, in all standards except the first, explanation is required of the text-book which has been learnt by heart, but the masters have found it easier to teach their pupils to get the explanation itself by rote, than to train them to exercise their intelligence. The teaching of English to Chinese instead of their own language has not a few advocates, but to make a proper use of their English, Chinese ought to have a fair knowledge of their own language first, and con- sidering the short time that the ordinary Chinese boy stays at school, the small knowledge of English acquired by him does not compensate him for his complete ignorance of his own language. In his report for the year 1888 Dr. EITEL wrote:-" to enable every child first to learn to express thought "and feeling correctly in the vernacular tongue, before attempting to acquire a foreign language

(is a) sound pedagogical principle. @Aerie,

<<

(C

*

"Too many Portuguese parents, who speak Portuguese only, send their boys, when six years old, to "an English school and insist upon their being hurried as quickly as possible through standard after "standard, in order that they may the sooner get employment as clerks and contribute towards the support of the family. (The result in most cases is that the mental progress of such scholars is but superficial, that they become mere smatterers in English and, worst of all, such systematic hot-house training stunts not only the growth of the mental energies but has often also the effect of a blight upon the higher moral perceptions." The above remarks would be still more true of Chinese.

(

64

<<

10. FEMALE EDUCATION.-Very good work is being done among the Chinese by the various Missions which undertake female education. Its chief value, which lies not in any purely educational results but in the great progress which has been made in overcoming the distrust with which Chinese view advances made by Europeans, is derived from the close supervision exercised by European ladies and from the education and training of Chinese teachers having also been conducted by Europeans. I do not view with much sympathy efforts made to induce Chinese girls to learn English. Under present circumstances an education in English may tend to unfit them for the position which they expect to take in their own society. It certainly will not render them fitter to take it, nor to enter any other society. Improvements in the education of men must precede improvements in the education of women. The Chinese have not yet shown any appreciation of an education in English for their boys except as a means of making money, and it is idle to expect them to give to their daughters what they have not given to their sons. The objections which Chinese parents have to their daughters learning English are not based on unworthy motives, but are very natural and laudable. As a rule girls stay at school longer than boys, and twice as many girls as boys are presented for examination in the four highest standards. This has an important bearing on statistics dealing with the percentage of children at school, and also on the relative value of the education received at boys' and at girls' schools. The knowledge acquired in Chinese schools by children who leave before reaching the IVth Standard can hardly be said to have any immediate practical value. The actual number of girls at school is greater than it has ever been, though the proportion of girls to boys is not so high as it was in 1893. This is due to the large increase in the number of boys in schools in which English is taught.

a

Table showing the proportion of Boys and Girls under instruction in local Schools.

Boys.

GIRLS.

Govern-

Years. ment

Schools.

Kaifong Schools.

Grant-in- Aid Schools,

Private Total Schools. Boys.

Govern- ment Schools.

Kaifong Schools.

Grant-in- Aid Schools.

Private Schools.

Total Girls.

Proportion of girls to total of scholars.

Percentage.

1894

1,928

1,735

3,251

102

7,016

402

22

2,713

241

3,878

32.49

1895

1,752

2,170 3,091

67

7,080

380

30 2,593

453

3,456

32.80

1896

1,745

1897

1,645

1,604

2,217 2,975

2,856

21

6,226

378

21

2,322

383

3,104

33.26

108

6,945

488

30

2,547

479 3,544

32.71

11. KINDERGARTENS.-- The Kindergarten School attached to the Basel Mission is still in existence, but is no longer under trained European supervision. An application was made to have the school placed under the Grant-in-Aid Code, but it was not granted, and unless the Government is willing to make a grant to a considerable number of such schools, it will not be worth the while of any

354

Society to obtain the services of a trained teacher from home. I have been given an opportunity of seeing the school at work, and the brightness of the children, their cleanliness, and their absorption in their work and games left a very favourable impression. The school is a great boon to the poor women of the neighbourhood who have to be out at work all day; but if the Government ever undertakes the task of infant education, it will be necessary to insist on the schools being taught by properly trained teachers, or they will become merely nurseries without any educational effect. From a social and political point of view, the opening of infant schools under constant European super- vision is much to be desired, as the sooner Chinese children come in close contact with Europeans, the more perfect will be the harmony between the Government and the Chinese population.

12. NUMBER OF UNEDUCATED CHILDREN IN THE COLONY.-Latterly, on the ground that most children have to learn two languages, the local school-going age has been regarded as 6 to 16 years. But it is only the children of well-to-do parents who can be reasonably expected to spend 10 years at school. It would be more than satisfactory to find all children between the ages of 7 and 14 under education, and it will be a very long time before the mass of the Chinese community can be brought to regard even 7 years' schooling as necessary for their children. I prefer to fix the school-going age at from 7 to 14 years, as this department is principally concerned with primary education. Previous calculations of the number of uneducated children have assumed that all the children at school were between the ages of 6 and 16, but I find that 30 per cent. of the boys are over 16 years of age in the Grant-in-Aid Schools in which English is taught, whilst the Headmaster of Queen's College in- forms me that 59 per cent. of his scholars are over that age. I am not in possession of all the neces- sary figures, but I believe that I am very nearly correct in assuming that out of the 10,833 persons reported as attending school only 7,830 are between the ages of 7 and 14 years. Of these 5,063 are boys and 2,767 are girls. According to the Census of 1897, of the civil land population there were 8,181 boys and 8,809 girls between the ages of 7 and 14. It appears then that 3,118 boys and 5,042 girls were not attending school. There are, I understand, about 300 Chinese boys attending private schools so the number of boys not attending school is reduced to 2,818. It has been correctly pointed out in previous reports that "the mass of Chinese children remain in school but 3 or 4 years. At the last examination 99 per cent. of the boys and 93 per cent. of the girls were presented for exa- mination in the first three standards. It is therefore probable that there are very few Chinese boys who have not received some education. In the above calculation the floating population has been left out of account. The number of boys of school-going age in this portion of the community is 2,422, and of girls 2,025. Very few of these attend school. There are insuperable difficulties in the way of regular attendance. Those of them who are not living on junks and fishing boats, which may be absent from the Colony for days at a time, are living on boats which ply for hire and are liable to be called away to distant parts of the harbour and to be detained there for hours. It is only at Shaukiwan that any large proportion of the population lives in boats which are used only as house-boats. In the har- bour itself there are only 142 children on boats which presumably never move far from one place.

19

13. RESULTS OF THE ANNUAL EXAMINATIONS.-The results of the annual examinations of the Grant-in-Aid Schools will be found in Tables X, XI and XII. The standard required in schools in Class III was somewhat higher than the one to which these schools had been accustomed. Some difference was, of course, unavoidable, although I did my best to adhere as closely as possible to the standard fixed by my predecessor. There was no difficulty as to the standard for schools in Class I. In these it has been found possible and necessary to fix a rigid standard from which no deviation can be made, and to return composition and dictation papers after correction to the teachers.

14. BELILIOS PUBLIC SCHOOL.--The examination of this school was held in July, and I reported at the time the results obtained. The Chinese division of the school is now very popular, and the time will soon come when an attempt must be made to widen somewhat the education given. The examination of this division was confined to one in the subjects of a purely Chinese classical education with the addition of some very elementary geography and Chinese embroidery.

15. DEPARTMENTAL DISTRICT SCHOOLS. In tables II, IV, V and VII will be found some particulars regarding these Schools. I do not consider the work done by them as effective as that done by Grant-in-Aid Schools. For isolated hamlets like Shekó, Wongmakok and Taitamtuk, it is impos- sible to secure good teachers, and at Yaumati, Stanley and Wongnaichung, the master is set the impossible task of teaching Chinese and English classes simultaneously in one room.

16. GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS.-The average monthly enrolment in these has increased from 3,651 in 1896 to 4,224. The number of schools is 100 as compared with 104 in 1896. The four schools which have ceased to exist are a girls' school in Fletcher Street, ruined by the plague, the British Kowloon College, the boys' division of the Holy Infancy School, which has been converted into a mixed school, and a school at Mongkok. Of the hundred schools still in existence, four were temporarily closed on account of difficulties in procuring efficient teachers.

17. BRITISH KOWLOON SCHOOL.-This school has been closed. The negotiations entered into by the School Committee with the Government were, I regret to say, inconclusive.

355

18. SCHOLARSHIPS.-The Government offers annually four scholarships to be competed for by boys educated at the five Government Anglo-Chinese Schools. The holders are entitled to exemption from school fees for three years at Queen's College. Since the year 1892, there have been no compe- titors, but I hope that more interest will be taken in these scholarships in future. The Trustees of the Belilios Scholarship Fund offer two prizes of a value of $60 each to be competed for at the annual Government Examination of St. Joseph's College by boys who have passed the VIIth and VIth standards respectively.

19. PHYSICAL TRAINING.-Drill is conducted in eight schools by a non-commissioned officer of the Army.

20. I enclose the usual Tables (I to XII).

The Honourable T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

I have the honour to be,

Sir.

Your most obedient Servant,

A. W. BREWIN,

Inspector of Schools.

TABLE. I.-NUMBER of SCHOLARS attending Schools under the EDUCATION DEPARTMENT during the Year 1897.

Scholars

Scholars

Total

No.

Name of Schools.

attending attending Scholars Government Grant-in-Aid

Schools.

in Schools. Attendance.

2

"

"

3

"

39

1 American Board Mission, Bridges Street (Boys)......

Queen's Road West (Boys)...... Hawan (Girls)

59

59

37

37

28

28

4

"}

>

Chungwan (Girls)

29

29

5

>

Mong Kok-tsui (Boys)..................

17

17

6

7

8

**

9

31

10

11

12

13

"

14

15

16

17

18

19

"?

20

21

22

Aplichau (Boys)

Basel Mission, Sham Shui-po (Boys)

Shau Ki-wan (Boys) To'kwa-wan (Boys) Matau-chung (Boys) High Street (Girls)

Belilios Public School (English) (Girls)

Berlin Foundling House School (Girls)

Berlin Ladies Mission, Queen's Road West (Boys)

Tsat tsz-mui (Girls)................

C. M. S. St. Stephen's Chinese School (Boys)

Pottinger Street (Boys)

Saiying-pun (Boys)

St. Stephen's Baxter Memorial (Girls)

Lyndhurst Terrace (Girls)

48

48

51

51

62

62

34

34

87

87

******

188

188

(Chinese) (Girls)

300

300

30

30

30

30

59

59

82

82

.

No. 2 (Boys)

65

65

92

92

66

66

60

60

63

63

23

39

Third Street (Girls)

39

39

*****

24

Yaumati (Mixed)

50

50

25

39

Hunghom (Girls)......

34

34

26

Quarry Bay (Girls)

23

23

27

*

Little Hongkong (Boys)

21

21

28

Aberdeen School (Boys)

34

34

29

"

Aplichau (Girls) ...

25

25

30

"

Victoria Home and Orphanage (Chinese) (Girls)

48

48

31

་་

""

"

(English) (Girls)

32

St. Stephen's Anglo-Chinese (Boys)

166

166

33

25

34

35

36

49

37

Morrison English School

Diocesan Home and Orphanage (Boys)

F. E. S. Bonham Road Chinese Division (Girls)................

High Street (Girls)

Queen's Road West (Girls)......

Salyingpun Praya (Girls)

Pottinger Street (Girls)

Stanley School (Girls)......

Shaukiwan (Girls)

To'kwa-wan (Girls)

51

51

185

185

LOA

51

51

28

28

42

42

A

38

39

>

40

41

""

42

"

43

>>

Yaumati (Girls)

......

44

Bonham Road English Division (Girls)

Carried forward,...

536

2,011

2,547

54

54

40

40

42

42

41

41

23

23

27

27

36

36

356

TABLE I-NUMBER of SCHOLARS attending Schools under the EDUCATION DEPARTMENT during the Year 1897.-Continued.

No.

Name of Schools.

Scholars attending attending Government Grant-in-Aid Schools, Schools.

Scholars

Total Scholars

in

attendance.

Brought forward,

536

2,011

2,547

ود

46

">

47

多多

48

*

49

50

51

52

"

53

54

55

39

56

"

57

21

""

58

59

60

61

62

""

63

64

"

65

66

67

68

69

70

"

71

72

19

"

II

""

25

Matau-wai (Boys)

74

29

75

,,

76

77

"

78

79

80

81

"

82

>>

83

29

84

85

"

86

>>

87

88

""

89

90

91

92

93

多多

English

95

"

(Chinese) (Boys)

96

Shekó (Boys)

97

98

99

45.

73

L. M. S. Square Street (Boys)

Wantsai Chapel (Boys)

Yaumati (Boys) ........

Shek tong-tsui (Boys)

Saiyingpun I Division (Boys)

II

Hunghom (Boys)

27

Hospital Chapel (Boys)

Shektong-tsui (Girls)

Saiyingpun 2nd Street I Division (Girls)

Ui-hing Lane 1 Division (Girls)

Tanglung-chau No. 1 (Boys)

No. 2 (Boys)

Square Street (Girls)......

Tai-kok-tsui (Boys)

Shaukiwan (Boys)

Third Street (Boys)

D'Aguilar Street (Girls) Kau-u-fong (Girls) Tang-lung-chau (Girls) Aberdeen Street (Girls)

Wantsai Chapel (Girls) Staunton Street (Girls) Tai-ping-shan English School

Pokfulam (Boys)

R. C. M. Cathedral School Division II (Boys)

Bridges Street Chinese Division (Girls) St. Theresa School (Girls)

Holy Infancy School (Mixed)

Yaumati (Girls)

Shaukiwan (Girls)

Hunghom (Girls)

Italian Convent Chinese School (Girls)

Sacred Heart School Chinese Division (Girls)... Cathedral School Division I (Boys)

St. Joseph's College School (Boys)......

Italian Convent English Division (Girls)......

Portuguese Division (Girls)

Bridges Street English (Girls)

Portuguese......

Nova Escola Portugueza (Girls)

Sacred Heart School English Division (Girls)................

St. Francis Portuguese Division (Girls)

Victoria Portuguese School Portuguese Division (Mixed)

94 Saiyingpun (English) (Boys)

69

69

69

69

44

44

33

33

68

68

(Boys)

......

65

65

30

30

64

64

15

15

76

76

II

95

(Boys)

(Girls)

121

121

73

37

73

PUR:

73

37

73

48

48

94

94

+

26

26.

......

35

35

45

45

56

56

42

42

37

37

36

36

40

40

85

85

14

14

32

32

85

35

65

65

73

73

:

45

45

...

47

17

N

42

42

103

103

48

48

53

53

236

236

248

248

77

77

24

24

54

54

13

13

19

19

29

29

,!

(Girls)

27

27

20

20

English

"

(Mixed)

18

18

192

192

(46)

26

26

102

103

104

""

105

106

"

107

St. Paul's College School (Boys) Stanley (Anglo-Chinese) (Boys) Taitamtuk (Boys)

100 Tanglungchau (Hakka) (Boys)

101 ! Victoria English School (Boys)

Wantsai (English) (Boys)

(Chinese) (Boys)

Wesleyan Mission, Spring Gardens (Boys)

Wellington Street (Boys)

(Girls)

98

98

32

32

14

14

55

55

162

162

.....

(Girls)

57

257

57 257

(165)

68

68

107

107

56

56

,,

35

108

27

Lascar Row (Boys)

65

65

***** 4

109

*

Wantsai School (Boys)

25

25

110

99

Graham Street (Girls)

76

76

111

17

Kennedy Town (Boys)

41

41

112

Lyndhurst Terrace English School (Boys)

67

67

113

Wongmakok (Boys)

10

114

Wongnaichung (Anglo-Chinese) (Boys)

66

115

Yaumati (Anglo-Chinese) (Boys)

63

52885

10

66

63

Total,....

1,265

5,522

6,787

:

:

;

!

TABLE II-NUMBER of SCHOLARS attending GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS under the EDUCATION DEPARtment and EXPENSES of each SCHOOL during the year 1897.

357

No.

Name of Schools.

Boys.

Girls.

Total.

Expense.

1

Aplichau,

48

48

$

120.00

2

Belilios Public School (English),.

188

188

2,966.21

3

5

Õ་

93

(Chinese),

300

300

960.60

Pokfulam,

Salyingpun (English),

14

14

132.00

192

979.77

192

Taitamtuk,

""

(Chinese),

7

Sheko, ...

8

Stanley (Anglo-Chinese),

9

10

Tanglungchau (Hakka),

11

Wantsai (English),

12

(Chinese),

13

Wongmakok,

14

Wongnaichung (Anglo-Chinese),

15

Yaumati (Anglo-Chinese),

Total,..................

(46)

228.00

26

26

120.00

32

32

300.43

14

14

132.00

55

55

180.00

257

1,017.00

257

(165)

372.00

10

66

63

2833

10

132.00

66

381.96

63

402.30

777

488

1,265

$ 8,424.37

TABLE III-AVERAGE EXPENSE of each SCHOLAR at GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS under the EDUCAtion Department and

at the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS during the year 1897.*

1.-EXPENDITURE OF GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.

(Cost of working the Schools irrespective of cost of erection or repairs of Buildings.)

1. BELILIOS PUBLIC SCHOOL.

Expenditure,...

Deduct School Fees, refunded,

2. OTHER DEPARTMENTAL SCHOOLS, (no School Fees).

.$ 3,585.21

619.00

-$ 2,966.21

Cost to Government, in 1897,

$ 5,458.16

II.—EXPENDITURE ON THE GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS.

Total Cost to Government, in 1897, .....

.........$ 21,210.38

III.-AVERAGE COST OF EACH SCHOLAR.

(Calculated by Enrolment.)

Average Cost, to Government, of each Scholar :-

1. at Belilios Public School (not including cost of building),. 2. at Other Departmental Schools, 3. at Grant-in-Aid Schools,

15.77

5.06

3.84

IV.—AVERAGE COST OF EACH SCHOLAR. (Calculated by the Average Daily Attendance.)

Average Cost, to Government, of cach Scholar:-

1. at Belilios Public School (not including cost of building),. 2. at Other Departmental Schools,

3. at Grant-in-Aid Schools,

27.81

7.49

5.68

* NOTE. The cost of the Inspectorate of Schools ($4,754.57), being connected with both Grant-in-Aid Schools and Government Schools, is not included.

TABLE IV.-ENROLMENT and ATTENDANCE at Government Schools under the EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

No.

1

Aplichau,

during the year 1897.

Name of Schools.

Belilios Public School (English),..

Pokfulam,

""

5 Saiyingpun (English),

(Chinese),......

(Chinese),

Sheko,

8

Stanley (Anglo-Chinese),

9

Taitamtuk,

10

11

Wantsai (English),.

12

""

(Chinese),

13

14

Tanglungchau (Hakka),

Wongmakok,

Wongnaichung (Anglo-Chinese),

15

Yaumati (Anglo-Chinese),....

Average Monthly Enrolment.

Average Daily Attendance.

24.81

15.38

132.45

106.66

199.63

162.15

10.63

10.04

119.54

112.60

25.45

24.67

20.45

19.95

16.36

13.12

12.63

11.15

29.27

25.46

164.45

157.33

94.90

82.50

9.54

8.17

53.09

48.91

38.41

36.36

Total,....

951.61

834.45

358

TABLE V.-MAXIMUM and MINIMUM ENROLMENT and DAILY ATTENDANCE at GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS under the EDUCATION DEPARTMENT during the year 1897.

No.

Name of Schools.

Maximum Monthly Enrolment.

Minimum

Monthly Eurolment.

Maximum Daily

Minimum Daily

Attendance

Attendance

(Monthly average) Monthly average).

1231

Aplichian

31

15

19.19

6.12

Belilios Public School (English)

141

123

113.18

86.00

(Chinese)

238

100

187.41

83.01

>"

4 Pokfulam...

13

9

11.00

7.13

5 Sayingpun (English)

129

94

123.00

83.00

(Chinese)..

29

22

28.11

20.64

7 Shekő

22

14

21.95

14.00

9

Stanley (Anglo-Chinese)

22

14

18.79

9.14

9

Taitamtuk

14

11

12.55

9.76

10 Tanglung-chau (Hakka)

34

20

30.50

17.27

11

Wantsai (English)

188

100

178.44

90.45

12

(Chinese)

109

76

94.59

44.66

13

Wongmakok

10

8

11.00

7.50

14 Wongnai-chung (Anglo-Chinese).

58

44

53.77

40.72

15

Yaumati (Anglo-Chinese)

48

28

42.03

26.92

No.

1,086

678

945.51

546.32

TABLE VI.-NUMBER of DAYS on which the GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS under the EDUCATION DEPARTMENT were taught during the year 1897.

Name of Schools.

School Days. No.

Name of Schools.

School Days.

= ∞ CO - IS CON∞0

1

Aplichau,

245

9

Taitamink,

241

2

Belilios Public School (English),

242

10

Tanglungchau (Hakka),

237

3

""

(Chinese),

234

11

Wantsai (English),...

231

Pokfulam,

241

12

""

(Chinese),.

232

Saiyingpun (English),

235

13

Wongmakok,

256

6

Sheko,

(Chinese),

235

14

Wongnaichung (Anglo-Chinese),

233

245

15

Yaumati (Anglo-Chinese),....

239

8 Stanley (Anglo-Chinese),

200

Total Enrolment

for the year.

TABLE VII.-SUMMARY of ENROLMENT and ATTENDANCE at the Government SCHOOLS for the last twenty-five years.

YEARS.

Maximum Daily Attendance

Minimum Daily Attendance

(Monthly Average).

Minimum Monthly

Enrolment.

(Monthly Average).

1873,

1,838

1,326

852

760

1874,

1,932

1,271

974

836

1875,

1,927

1,312

988

863

1876,

2,171

1,383

1,057

925

1877,

2,148

1,446

1,212

1,035

1878,

2,101

1,324

1,100

936

1879,

2,043

1,356

1,027

904

1880,

2,078

1,468

1,082

937

1881,

1,986

1,384

1,093

956

1882,

2,114

1,444

1,062

988

1883,

2,080

1,414

1,138

990

1884,

1.978

1,420

1,066

941

1885,

1,988

1,424

1,661

926

1886,

1,893

1,544

1,040

886

1887,

1,814

1,552

1.126

1,000

1888,

1,933

1,653

1,139

1,040

1889,

2,293

1,992

1,190

1,118

1890,

2,514

1,999

1,494

1,370

1891,

2,540

1,909

1,403

1,291

1892,

2,622

2,101

1,536

1,407

1893,

2,356

1,829

1,443

1,317

1894,

1,282

1,039

420

320

1895,

1,108

893

607

545

1896,

1,135

872

585

477

1897,

1,265

945

678

546

NAME OF SCHOOL.

Class of School.

No. of Scholars Presented.

No. of Scholars Examined.

Stand. I.

Stand. II.

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

Stand. V.

Stand, VI.

Stand. VII.

Stand. I.

Ordinary Subjects.

NUMBER OF SCHOLARS WHO PASSED.

TABLE X.-RESULTS of the EXAMINATION of the GRAN

Stand. II.

1.- American Board Mission, Bridges Street, (Boys),

18

43

4

16

11

2.-

3.-

4.-

5.-

Queen's Road West. Boys) Háwan, (Girls),

33

33

7

18

20

20

3

39

Chungwan, (Girls),

18

7

5

Mongkoktsui, (Boys),

13

12

6.- Basel Mission, Shamshuipo, (Boys),

44

43

19

7.-

Shaukiwan, (Boys),.

59

59

25

**

"

8.--

"

35

Tokwawan, (Boys),..

26

24

2.-

15

""

Matauchung, (Boys),

11.-

13.- 14.--- 15.-

+1

"

"

Saiyingpun, (Boys),

16.

"1

10.-Berlin Ladies Mission, Queen's Road West, (Boys),

"

12.—C. M. S., St. Stephen's Chinese School, (Boys),

"

Pottinger Street, (Boys),

St. Stephen's Baxter Memorial, (Girls),

24

Tsat-tszmui, (Boys),.

33

55

No. 2, (Boys),

JB

I

57

40

28

17.

Lyndhurst Terrace, (Girls),.

29

18.

Third Street. (Girls),

28

"

95

19.- 20.

Yaumati, (Mixed),

".

Hunghòm, (Girls),

25

21.

Quarry Bay, (Girls).

22.-

..

Little Hongkong, (Boys),

23.-

"

Aberdeen School, (Boys),

21.-

W

Aplichau, (Girls),.

26.-

27.-

"

High Street, (Girls),

28. 29.- 30.

Salyingpun Praya, (Girls),.

25.-F. E. S., Bonham Road, Chinese Division, (Girls),

33.-

Queen's Road West, (Girls),

Pottinger Street, (Girls),

Stanley School, (Girls),

Shaukiwán, (Girls),

Tokwawan, (Girls),

Yaumati, (Girls),

34.—L. M. S., Square Street, (Boys),

Wantsai Chapel, (Boys), Yaumati, (Boys),

Shektongtsui, (Boys),

Sairingpun 1. Division, (Boys),

20

28

21

21

23

23

14

**

26

23

5

33

33

12

31.-

"

3.

"

17

16

5

20

19

12

+4

43

41

G

64

62

34

19 17

35.

""

26

34

G

16

BG

""

23

26 10

6

37.

"

54

51

17

13 18

38.

39.--

II.

(Boys),

24

54

18 14

12

fil.

Hunghiòm, (Boys),

13

11

3 3

41.-

Hospital Chapel, (Boys),

47

47 13 12

16

42.

".

Shektongtsui, (Girls),.

11

11

3 4

13.

"

Saiyingpun, Second Street, 1. Division, (Girls)...

33 13 3

41.

II.

(Boys),.

66

65

18

10

11

45.- 46.

"+

Ui-hing Lane, 1. Division (Girls),

60

27

6

II.

(Girls),

35

31

4

47 .

**

48.

49.

50.-

19

51.

52.-

53.-

99

54.

"

55.

56.- 57.

"

Tanglungchan, No. 1 (Boys),

"

Square Street, (Girls),

Taikoktsui, (Boys),

Matauwai, (Boys),

Shaukiwan, (Boys).

Third Street, (Boys), D'Aguilar Street, (Girls). Kau-ü-fong, (Girls),

Tanglungchau, (Girls),

Aberdeen Street, (Girls),

59

20

27

No. 2 (Boys),

48

- - S.

13

14

"

58.-

10

59.-

2 མྦ ཀྐ 4 - རལ་ག

8

4

14

7

18

16

15

10

15 14

9

13

30

31 13

12

11

15

7

5

11

7

10

13

2

26

25

29

13

Wantsai Chapel, (Girls).

30

3)

Staunton Street. (Girls),

22

30

60.-R. C. Mission, Cathedral School, I. Division, (Boys),

17

16

$1.-

Bridges Street, Chinese Division, (Girls),

31

31

62.-- 63. 64.-

St. Theresa School. (Girls)...

40

38

11

"

Holy Infancy School, (Mixed),

45

9

2002

20

Yaumati, (Giris),

65.- 66.--

Shaukiwan, (Girls),

10

>

12

Hanghom, (Girls),

67.- 68.

11

Italian Convent, Chinese School, (Girls).. Sacred Heart School Chinese Div., (Girls),

70

13

25

69.-Wesleyan Mission, Spring Gardens, (Boys)...

39

70.-

""

Wellington Street, (Boys)..

76

71.- 72.-

(Girls),

42

39

Lascar Row (Boys),..

62

59 19

"

་་

73.-

Wantsai School, (Boys),

17

16

"

Graham Street, (Girls),

51

61 22

Th

75.-

Kennedy Town, (Boys),

"

79.-

S0.--

"

$7.

33.

2.-

34

30.

**

76.-Basel Mission, High Street, (Girls),

77-Berlin Foundling House School, (Girls),

78.--C. M. S., Victoria Home and Orphanage, Chi. Div.,

St. Stephen's Anglo-Chinese, (Boys), Morrison English School, (Boys),.. 81-Wesleyan Mission. Lyndhurst Terrace. Eng. Sch., (Boys) 82-St. Paul's College School (Boys),.

83.-Diocesan Home and Orphanage, School, (Boys),.. SL.-F. E. S., Bonham Road, English Division, (Girls), 85.-L. M. S., Taipingshan, English School, (Boys), 89.-R. C. M., Cathedral School, I. Division, (Boys),

St. Joseph's College School, (Boys),

Italian Convent, English Division, (Girls),.

Portuguese Division, (Girls), Bridges Street, English Division, (Girls),

19

19

14

5

3

6

G 10 104

108

18 10

7 2

47

43

:::

35

54

20

90

85

23

23

63

63 39

35

35

131 131

24

10

6

30

135 135

25

III 42

41

18

20

20

2

1.

Portuguese Division, (Girls),.

85

34

12 10

92.

1+

Nova Escola Portuguēza, (Girls),

D3.

"

91.

Sacred Heart School English Division, (Giris), St. Francis, Portuguese Division, (Girls),

17

17

19

95.

English

(Girls),

22

9.-- 97.--

Victoria Port. School, Port, Division, (Mixed), Eng. Division, (Mixed)

13

14

99.--

98.-Victoria English School, (Boys),

(Girls),. 100.-C. M. S., Victoria Home & Orphanage, Eng. Div., (Giris)

69

13

Special Subjects.

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

Stand. V.

Stand. VI.

Stand. Vil.

Stand. I.

Stand. H.

Stand. III.

Ordinary

JOL.

TABLE X-RESULTS of the EXAMINATION of the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS in 1897, under the provisions of t.

NUMBER OF SCHOLARS WHO PASSED.

NUMBER OF SCHOLARS WHO FAILED.

TOTALS.

Class of School.

No. of Scholars Presented.

No. of Scholars Examined.

Stand. I.

Stand. II.

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

Stand. V.

Stand. VI.

Stand. VII.

Ordinary Subjects.

Stand. I.

Street, (Boys),

48

43

4

16 11

5 Road West. (Boys)

33

7 18

, (Girls),

20

20

7

van, (Girls),

::::

ktsui, (Boys),

12

2

$1,

48

19

11

).....

59

59

25 26

26

24

4

30

8

s),

bad West, (Boys),

$

ni, (Boys)..

14

hool, (Boys).

18 16

18

TS),

15 14

1583

:::::: wi

+

57

13

30

40

12 11 15

norial, (Girls),

7 5

6

☛ls),....

29

11

7

12

10

G

13

10

15

Division, (Girls),

20

21

Is),.

21

23

21

26

21 14

28

28

5

33

33

12

17

16

5

20

19 12

45

41

G

62 24 19 17

34 10 G

13

26

10 6

(Boys), Boys).

54

17 13

18

12

51

54 18 14 12

14

13

11

3

4

47

47

13 12 16

11

11

3

et, I. Division, (Girls)..

61

33 13 3

18

II.

>>

(Boys),

66

65

18

10

1 (Girls),

60

57

27

6

(Girls),

35

31

7

4

ys), y's),

60

59

17

20

27

12

9

48

21

13

6

14

• Us

5

29

30

32

Division, (Boys),

17

mese Division, (Girls),

31

(Girls).....

40

. (Mixed),

45

nese School, (Girls),.

Chinese Div., (Girls),.

. (Boys)...

eet, (Boys)...

(Girls),.

oys),...

, (Boys),

(Girls),

(Boys),

69

Girls),

II 28

1269 18 133R¦Ã£Ã¤NACANAFARESREBACK

25

29

13

3)

30

16

12

38 15

12 12

21

13

7

13

21 18

22

5

19

: Giv

27

5

nage, Chi. Div, ( Girl

ΙΣ 3-4

31

3

-se, (Boys),

108 105 70 18

10

Boys)....

11

ace. Eng. Sch., (Buys),.

47

43

55

54 21

20

chool, (Boys),.

90

$5

vision, (Girls),

ool, (Boys),

sion, (Boys),

13 3

35 17 7 11

ol, (Boys).

Division, (Girls),.

esc Division, (Girls),

Division, (Girls),

se Division, (Girls),. (Girls).

lish Division, (Giris), Division, (Girls), (Girls),

rt. Division. (Mixed),.

ng. Division, (Mixed)..

age, Eng. Div. (Giris),.¦ III

to co o sol to to to to to

13

10

8

20

==

15

15

29

131

135

III 42

131 13 19 21 22 135 21 32 25 21

41

12 18

III 21)

10

IJI

17

19

22

13

III 14

III

69

32

CONOCER :

אן

11

13

13

ة

Special Subjects,

Stand. II.

Stand, III.

Stand. IV.

Stand. V.

Stand, VI.

Stand. VII.

10

2

10)

19

:—::

Stand. I.

Stand. 11.

4

Ordinary Subjects.

Special Subjects.

Ordinary Special

Subjects. Subjects.

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

Stand. V.

Stand. VI.

Stand. VII.

Stand. I.

Stand. fl.

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

Stand, V.

Stand, VI,

Stand. VI.

:::::::

10 10:

::::

l'assed.

Failed.

31 12

Passed.

Failed.

Average Daily Attendance

during the Year.

:

48.0

31 2 29 17

*

34.72

18.95

14.5:

11.14

12.1-

58

53.51

23

17

21.07

20.68

29.78

52

25

1

63.21

3

3

49.83

44

1

58.50

38

24

I

43.70

17

10

21

4

32.87

27

25

2

32.72

21

11

23.05

18

19.74

24

15

2

24.35

10.02

23.02

13.90

31.20

18.56

23.62

20

13

4

26.28

22.83

23.45

28.99

16.62

10

40

th

17.37

$1.89

60.88

32.38

23.23

23

59.62

27

نا

48.67

18.79

51.57

9.47

52.77

70

31

$2.80

58.93

33.13

37

6

53.27

20

45

23.74

21

9

51.18

20

&

5 14

20.75

1o 12 1AAR ABS 2

28.80

25.13

11

32.28

27.92

21

23.48

20

26.07

15

1

32.01

20.73

30,80

21 G

47.63

39 1

87.86

16

15 1 28.32 32.97

15

3 29.32

60 19 92.39 26.78

13

30

16 47.50

71

83.99

31

40.16

£9

58.02

14

16.70

50

4671

20

28.48

65

67.91

27

26 16

33

97 87

101

115.63

29.49

41

40 28

16 1:12:

64.23

13

70

17

55

35

30

21

30

15 102 29

121

14

41

20

31

5

17

11

: 88:::: ! ! ! ! :: S: : : 2:

100 58

23.87 61,83

33 85

81

161.69

163.30

50 58 16.42

40 78

8.02

15,39

2014

19.65

11.75

12,76

G9

20

83.79

52

13 37.19

HOOLS in 1897, under the provisions of the Scheme of 19th August, 1893.

RS WHO FAiled.

TOTALS.

SUMS TO WHICH THE SCHOOL IS ENTITLED,

stand. 1.

Stand, fl.

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

Stand. V.

Stand. VI.

Stand. VII.

Passed.

Failed.

Passed.

Failed.

Special Subjects.

Ordinary Special

Subjects. Subjects.

Average Daily Attendance during the Year.

Stand. I.

Stand. II.

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

Stand. V.

Stand. VI.

Stand. VII.

Ordinary Subjects.

3104

- 01

::::

20 10 10 • 1 card and u co to i

-

• Co

االله

-

·00

OF

*

36

*

Special Subjects.

Needle Work.

ED

අදා

ፍጹ

*A*

Co

CA

Stand. 1.

Stand. II.

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

Stand. V.

Stand. VI.

Stand. VII.

Very Good,

Good.

30 Fair.

Capitation Grant.

30

Total Grant earned in 1897.

359

Amount due to Teacher.

FA

Amount due to Manager.

31

12

:

31

2

29

N

37

3

18

12

40

24

42.18

48.00

34.72

12

N

€4

66

12 28 108

18.95 21 20 18 14

14.59 21 28 12

11.14 9 8 42

N.

$ 50

67 44 36

1.00 4.50 10 3.00

3.75

4.00 7.50 26.00

58

48

53 51

75 104 42

23

17

21.07

33 16 48

18.00 9.00 6.00 3.75

20.68

29.78

24 16 42

42

א2

25

63.24 54 64

30 108

3

38

49.83 45 56

4

7.50 3.00 6 8.30 8.25 10

44

58,50 39 120 81

15.50 9.75

24

نان

10 21

27

25

2

21

32.72 23 09

45.70

41 #0 32.37 21 20 6

33 28 #0 20

5.50 975

14 18 42

$.00 6.00

12 21

6.00 3.00 3.00

3.00

:2:2:::::98: ;**~

24.00

17.36

166.00 206.86

41.50

124.50

51.71

155.15

6.50

6.09

5

5.00

21.59

9.47 89.97 22.49

7.29 106.54 26.63 79.01 5.57

64.57 16.14 48.43 207.09 51.77 155.32

26.75 274.75 68.68 205.07 10.53 117.28 29.32 87.96

67.48

3 8.00

2 8.00

6.00 13.50 12 15.00 G

11

5.00 2.5.

10.31 92.34 14.89 114.89 31.52 274.12 24.91 206.66 29.25 297.50 27.85 208.10 16.18 133.18 33.29 99.89 16.36 183.36 45.84 137.52

23.08 69.26

28.72

86.17

68 5%

205,59

$1.06

155.00

74.87 223.13

52.02 156.08

11.54

135.54 33.88 101.66

18

19.74

24

24.35

21 8 51 39

9.87

92.87 23.21 69.66

12 i 36

16

5.00 2.25

13.00

19.50 6

12.18

150.93

37.73 113.20

:

10.92 3

5.46

23.02 9 12 6

13.40 IS 12 12

11 51

8.46 59.51

2.11

6.35

14.87 41.6-1

31.20 12 2-1

30

48

2.00

4.50

200

12

3.00 15.00

6.95

55.95 13.98 41.97

15.60

18.56 27 28 18

10.50

.50

9.28

23.09 18 36 24 28

3.00

8

8.50

11.54

240.60 104.28 134.04 33.51

60.15 26.07

180.45

73.21

100.53

26.28 24 49 12

8.00

3.75 2

9.00 7

13.14 113.89 28.47

85.42

24

22.83 42 40

22

6

25

23.45 15 S 42 28.99 36 2x 30 16.62 15 21

12

2.50 3.00

7.50 12 2.00 8.00 1.50 13 6.00

11.41 114.91 28.72 86.19

11.72

146.72 36.63 110.01

14.49

136.99

31.24 102.75

3 2.00

831

82.31

20.57

61.74

17.37 36 16 IS

3.00

2.25

2,00

8 68

88.95

22.23

68.70

$1.89 18 32 114

25.91

233.94

58.48

175 46

60.68 72 76 102

15.00 5.26

30,24 300.59

75.14

225.15

32.38 30

24

96

23.23

30

2 £ 36

6.50 4.50

3.00

50.62

51

52 108

6.00 4.50

48.67

51 56 72

E

18.79

9 12 2+

$1,57

57 48 96

9.47

9 16

52.77

99 52 18

: 2.80

رد

53.93

45

20

+

14

72 60 55 45 108 36 49

33.13 33

28 | 24

53.27 66 68 120

23.74 21 48 34

51.18 63 52 36 35

20.75 21 32 30

28.80

21

::::::::::::::::

7.00 6.75

i6.19 177.19 41.29 1161 101.61 26.15 25.31 257.81 24.33 259.08

9:30

132.00

78.46

64.45

193.36

64.77 194.31

54.39

13.59 40.80

6.75

25.78

5.00

9.00 2.2.5 2 8.00 8.25 8.50 4.50 4

12.00

4 11.50

17.00

1 7.50

9.50 13.30 4.50 7.00 1.50

6.00

5

2.50

28 102

1.50

25.13 21 52 54

14

12

32.28 21 36 21

2.50 2.25

3.00

27.02 27 36 18 21 8

21

23.48 15 52 30 14 24

6.50 6.00

19

20

26.07 48 28 24 14

8

7.50 3.00

15

32,01 30 32 48 11

500

8.75

7.50 19 2.00 9 $.50

20.73 15 8 36

28

30.80 36 28 12 14

32

6

47.63 45 28 30 42

16

43

39

47.66 36 48 30

40

5.50 6.75 4.00 10.00 9.75

5.251

15

1

28.32 27 16 48 14 8

4.00 3.75

25

16

32,97 30 3 78

8.50 5.25

25

15

3 i

20.32 36 16 26 21

5.30 3.00

10.00 9.00

4.00

2.25

4.50

71

31

$

49

14

Cabra 10 :::

:

G 00

31.50

45.00 3.00

14.40 158.90 39.72 119.18 6.00 12.56 182,56 45.64 136.92 13 3.50 16.14 151.39 37.8+ 113.5.5 310,50 18.96 137.46 54.36 103.10 4.00 11.74 183.24 45,81 137.43 13.03 175.03 43.75 131.23 16.00 166.25 41.55 10,36 69.36 17.34 11 19.50 15.40 186.15 46.53 139.62 4.50 23 5.00 23.81 235.56 58.89 176.67 10.50

15 7.00 28.83 303.08 76.52 229.3 15 2.50 14.16 154.41 38.60 11581

124.69

52.02

5 2.50 1648 150.73 37.58 113.05 3 2.00 14.66 143.16 35.79 107.37 31 9.00 46.19 503.69 125.92 377.77

7

12.09 139.64 34.91 104.73 23.75

164.25 41.06 123.19 41.89 329.93 82.49 247.30

6,50 20.08 107.58 41.89 125,69

12.80

233.53 4.73 36.73 26.38 258.13 64.53 26.40 290.15 26.96 310.96 16.56 131.04 $276 98.30 26.67 303.63 75.90 227.73 11.87 136.37 31.00 102.28 25.74 246.24 61.55 184.68

10 37 95.87 28.96 71.91

58.58

175.15

9.18

27.55

193.60

72.53

217.62

77.74

233.22

30

14.50

3.75

24

60

35

16

33

81

161.69

14

163.30

20

50 58 16.42 40.78

29

52 13 37.19

56 11 60 19 24 1 19 1 30 9 6 16

20

25

92.39 33 52 78 31

26.78 $3 20 42

47.50 30 28 78

83.99 96 84 103 40.16 39 48 36 58,62 57 GO 90 16.70 6 21 36

44.74 66

126

28.43 18 20 51 67.91 76 114 112

26 16 24 30 16 97 87 12 18 48

7

63

20

115.63 |420 144 |100 72

29.49 42 16 10 40.93 132 72

64.25 126

200

: : : : : : BAZ: : NARN: 8:⠀⠀⠀⠀

100.58 66 188 120 14

23.87 36 16 20

61.65 234 104

30

33 85 102 54 110

78 152 1240 264

8.02 12 16 15.33

29 14

13.65

11.75

:aa23822889 188986:

42

:9 888 : : 1220 22

1140

144

30 82

101.69 1,515.60 379.17 1,137,52

12.76 12 64

REANDERS-AR:

126 256 250 252 224

32 72

96 180

94.50 24.00

65 22

1,50

153.80 1,536.30

$81.07 1,152.23

50.58 438.58

109.61 328.91

30 72

20

15 00

16.2

208.42 52.10 156.32

72 96 100

9.00

49.78

$27.78

81.94

245.81

10

8.02 46.02

32

10

7,50

16.29

149.89

11 50 87.47

31.52 112.42

78 48

.50

20 50 50

4.50

30

:

40

2.50

83.79 30 136 100

16 20

81

52:

70

144 64 114

26

21

12.00

$.50

29.14 150.64 $7.66 112.98

19.05

173.15 43.28 129.87 11.75 101.25 26.00 78.19 12.76 132.25 30.06 99.20

SA 79 37.19

!980.79 245.19 735.60 633.69 158.12 475.27

29.31 236.31

59.07

177.24

$.35 74.35

18.58

55.77

4.50

2

1.50

20 11,00

4 27.00 21 50 10 21.00 5 .50 22.50 10 4.00

22.37 319.12 14.21 50.93 19.62

79.78

239.84

106.21 26,55 79.66

538.93 134.73

404.20

171.12

42.78

128.34

28.40 115.68

29.19 $7.49

360.90

90 22

270.68

851.63

212.90

638.73

24.37 73.12

23 50 39

7.50 13 2,50

::

40.93 304.93 76.23 228.70 64.3 402.23 123.05 369.18 100.58 949.58 257.39 20,87 224.87 56.21 61.65 429.65 107.41

712 19

168.66

322.21

#3 85 301.85 73.46 226.39

:

TOTAL,.

.828,402.48 5,850.26 17,652.22

361

TABLE VIII-NUMBER of SCHOLARE attending Schools receiving GRANTS-IN-AID (under the provisions of the Scheme of 1893), expenses incurred and amount of Grunt gained by each in 1897.

Class

of

School.

"1

}

Name of Schools.

Expenses

Boys.

Girls.

Total.

incurred in .

Amount of Grant gained

1897.

for 1897.

Tsat-tsz-mui (Boys),

19

"

**

>>

""

"

""

""

"

""

37

11

Pottinger Street (Girls),

31

"T

""

11

"

""

"

"

事事

??

19

"1

Yaumati (Boys).

32

99

"

Aberdeen School (Boys),

Aplichau School (Girls)..

F. E. S., Bonham Road Chinese Division (Girls),

??

High Street (Girls),

Queen's Road West (Girls),

Saiyingpun Praya (Girls),.

Stanley School (Girls),

Shaukiwan (Girls),..

Tokwawan (Girls),.

Yaumati (Girls),

L. M. S., Square Street (Boys),

Wantsai Chapel (Boys),

Shektongtsui (Boys),.

Saiyingpun I. Division (Boys),

II.

I

American Board Mission, Bridges Street (Boys).

་་

41

""

Queen's Road West (Boys),

>>

**

Háwan (Girls)....

.,

27

Chungwan (Girls),

"

**

Mongkoktsui (Boys),

**

#

2:

Shaukiwan (Boys),

::

Tokwawan (Boys).

"

"

"

Basel Mission, Shamshuipo (Boys),

Matauchung (Boys),

Berlin Ladies Mission, Queen's Road West (Boys),

C. M. S., St. Stephen's Chinese School (Boys),...

No. 2 (Boys),

Pottinger Street (Boys),

Saiyingpun (Boys),

St. Stephen's Baxter Memorial (Girls),.............

>

Lyndhurst Terrace (Girls),

"

>

Third Street (Girls);

}}

"1

Yaumati (Mixed),

Hunghòm (Girls),

Quarry Bay (Girls),

Little Hongkong (Boys),

8:02 182082 DIN

59

37

28

17

62

34

30

30

59

82

65

65

92

92

66

66

60

60

63

********: *888

59

$

261.00

166.00

37

224.00

206.86

28

179.00

89.97

29

294.00

106.54

17

112.00

64.57

SI

228.59

207.09

62

346.34

274.75

34

215.27

117,28

181.62

92.34

59

68.25

114.89

317.05

274.12

362.70

206.66

340.82

297.50

284.71

208.10

246.99

133.18

272.64

183.36

39

39

189.71

135.54

10

50

231.41

92.87

3+

34

197.10

150.93

23

23

137.64

21

21

115.41

8.46

34

34

166.85

59.51

25

25

132.00

55.95

51

51

811.16

240.60

28

28

199.10

104.28

42

42

225.10

134.04

51

54

260.35

113.89

40

40

201.94

114.91

42

42

149.98

146.72

41

226.71

136.99

23

23

125.37

82.31

27

27

195.20

88.93

69

69

248.13

233.94

69

69

295.28

300.69

44

44

259.88

177.19

33

33

203.28

104.61

68

68

359.15

257.81

"

(Boys),

65

65

275.16

259.08

""

,,

Hunghom (Boys).

30

30

147.71

54.39

"

Hospital Chapel (Boys),

64

64

273.17

233.53

Shektongtsui (Girls)....

15

15

116.76

36.73

""

11

Saiyingpun, Second Street I. Division (Girls),

76

76

208.47

258.13

>1

II.

"

11

(Boys),

121

121

356.48

290.15

97

""

Ui-hing Lane I. Division (Girls),

73

73

240.86

310.96

II.

"

(Girls),

37

37

173.19

131.06

"

"

"

19

"

Tanglungchau No. 1 (Boys),

Square Street (Girls),

73

214.18

303.63

No. 2 (Boys),

48

198.55

136.37

94

94

275.76

246.24

19

"

Taikoktsui (Boys),

17

21

Matauwai (Boys),

26

26

170.33

95.87

"

1:

"}

17

Third Street (Boys),

步步

"

19

"

11

Shaukiwan (Boys),..

D'Aguilar Street (Girls),

Kau-ü-fong (Girls),

Tanglungchau (Girls),

Aberdeen Street (Girls),

209.06

245.97

158.90

45

282.14

182.56

56

56

337.12

151.39

42

12

149.09

137.46

37

37

364.17

183.24

Wantsai Chapel (Girls),

36

36

234.51

175.03

Staunton Street (Girls),

40

40

237.48

166.25

R. C. M., Cathedral School II. Division (Boys),

32

32

89.00

69.36

"

Bridges Street Chinese Division (Girls),

35

35

284.00

186.15

".

**

St. Theresa School (Girls),

65

65

531.10

235.56

"

Holy Infancy School (Mixed),..

30

43

73

520.00

306.08

""

Yaumati (Girls),

45

45

570.00

154.41

??

"1

Shaukiwan (Girls),......................

47

47

314.00

150.73

??

!>

Hunghom (Girls),

42

42

488.00

143.16

""

">

Italian Convent, Chinese School (Girls),

103

103

717.00

503.69

"

Sacred Heart School Chinese Division (Girls),

48

48

260.25

139.64

"

Wesleyan Mission, Spring Gardens (Boys),

68

68

235.00

164.25

M

19

>>

Wellington Street (Boys),

107

107

266.50

329.99

་་

"

(Girls);

56

56

254.00

167,58

H

""

Lascar Row (Boys),

65

65

226.00

236.31

11

::

?>

Wantsai School (Boys),

25

25

226.00

74.35

+9

15

Graham Street (Girls)...

76

344.00

319.12

19

Kennedy Town (Boys),

41

172.00

106.21

"

>>

*P

Basel Mission, High Street (Girls),

Berlin Foundling House School (Girls),

C. M. S., Victoria Home and Orphange Chinese Division (Girls),

St. Stephen's Anglo-Chinese (Boys).

Morrison English School (Boys),

87

87

780.08

538.93

30

30

774.00

171.12

48

48

504.12

360.90

166

166

713.42

$51.63

51

51

1,431.74

97.49

*

W. M.. Lyndhurst Terrace, English School (Boys),

67

67

554.00

304.93

17

St. Paul's College School (Boys),

98

98

1.220.29

492.23

11

Diocesan Home and Orphanage (Boys),

185

185

13,904.26

949.53

19

F. E. S., Bonham Road, English Division (Girls),,

36

36

611.70

224.87

17

L. M. S., Taipingshan, English School (Boys),

85

85

403.95

429.65

::

R. C. M., Cathedral School I. Division (Boys)... St. Joseph's College (Boys),

53

53

404.50

301.85

236

236

3,376.47

1,516.69

Italian Convent English Division (Girls),

248

248

2,488.46

1,536.30

Carried forward.........................

2,803

2,219

5,022

46,239.76

20,057.01

362

Class of

School.

TABLE VIII-NUMBER of SCHOLARS attending Schools receiving GRANTS-IN-AID.-Continued.

Name of Schools.

Boys.

Girls.

Total.

Expenses incurred in

Amount of

Grant gained

1897.

for 1897.

Brought forward,.

2,803.

2,219

5,022

$46,239.76

$20,057.01

III

D

R.C.M., Italian Convent Portuguese Division (Girls)..

Bridges Street English Division (Girls),

77

77

941.14

438.58

24

24

678.00

208.42

Portuguese Division (Girls),

54

54

582.00

327.78

"3

"

32

"

25

"

11

"

Victoria English School (Boys),

";

(Girls),

27

English

""

Nova Escola Portugueza (Girls)...

Sacred Heart School, English Division (Girls),

St. Francis Portuguese Division (Girls),

Victoria Portuguese School, Portuguese Division (Mixed)....

13

13

207.19

46.02

19

19

594.75

149.89

29

29

379.20

150.64

(Girls),

English

27

27

556.80

173.15

14

20

104.25

1.252.80

**

(Mixed)..

4

14

18

132.26

162

162

980.79

5.73$.99

57

57

633.69

C.M.S., Victoria Home and Orphange English Division (Girls);

2,975

2,547

5,522

57,170.63

23,402.48

TABLE IX.-ENROLMENT, ATTENDANCE and NUMBER of SCHOOL DAYS at the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLs during 1897.

No.

Name of Schools.

Maximum Minimum Monthly Monthly Enrol- Enrol- ment. ment.

Average Average Maximum Minimum Daily Daily

Average Monthly Enrol-

Average Daily

Number

Attend-

of School

Attend-

ance.

Attend-

ancc.

ment.

ance for the Year.

Days.

1 American Board Mission, Bridges Street. (Boys),

58

40

54.85

36.33

53.45

48.00

239

Queen's Road West (Boys),

37

29

36.15

27.85

35.54

34.72

243

*

3

爷爷

་་

Háwan (Girls),

28

17

23.57

15.80

22.72

18.95

269

99

"

Chungwan (Girls),

25

13

17.60

5.93

19.27

14.59

257

Mongkoktsui (Boys),

17

13.95

4.77

14.40

11.14

217

Basel Mission, Shamshuipo (Boys),

51

42

49.46

24.15

47.50

43.18

234

Shaukiwan (Boys),

62

51

59.00

23.16

59.10

53.51

221

8

9

10

11

""

"

ад

Tokwawan (Boys),

34

21

27.50

4.90

27.50

21.07

241

Matauchung (Boys),

...

Berlin Ladies Mission, Queen's Road West (Boys),

12 C.M.S., St. Stephen's Chinese School (Boys),

30

21

23.80

14.62

27.40

20.68

228

Tsat-tszmui (Boys),..

40

23

37.78

17.00

33.91

29.78

266

76

62

74.05

48.02

68.27

63.24

264

13

"

No. 2 (Boys),

65

42

57.38

38.11

54.36

49.83

251

14

"

Pottinger Street (Boys),

72

36

65.73

33.70

62.08

58.50

250

15

97

Saiyingpun (Boys),

54

23

48,33

21.88

£5.00

45.70

251

16

""

St. Stephen's Baxter Memorial (Girls),

52

16

43.87

12.38

36.66

32.37

267

17

39

Lyndhurst Terrace (Girls),

53

25

41.07

22.16

37.91

32.72

258

18

??

Third Street (Girls),

36

8

28.65

8.00

27.63

23.09

262

19

??

Yaumati (Mixed),

32

16

24.14

10.40

26.16

19.74

269

20

++

Hunghòm (Girls),

34

14

30.03

13.09

27.63

24.36

252

21

"

Quarry Bay (Girls),

20

10

19.58

4.01

16.10

13.50

196

22

""

Little Hongkong (Boys),

21

7

19.03

3.61

14.63

10.92

240

23

99

Aberdeen School (Boys),

30

13

26.96

7.75

26.54

23.02

237

24

Aplichau (Girls),

19

9

18.10

7.05

16.00

13.90

281

25

F.E.S., Bonham Road, Chinese Division (Girls),

36

30

35.10

26.72

33.45

31.20

232

26

High Street (Girls),

26

12

21.71

9.58

21.45

18.56

251

27

"

Queen's Road West (Girls),

34

16

26,96

11.91

27.66

23.09

277

28

Saiyingpun, Praya (Girls),

36

18

31,50

15.20

29.93

26.28

260

29

::

30

"

Stanley School (Girls),

31

32

"

33

34

35

"

36

27

37

38

"

Pottinger Street (Girls),

Shaukiwan (Girls),

Tokwawan (Girls),

Yaumati (Girls)..

L.M.S., Square Street (Boys),

Wantsai Chapel (Boys),

Yaumati (Boys),

Shektong-tsui (Boys),

Saiyingpun, I. Division (Boys),

31

8

27,61

6.10

25.25

22.83

265

34

24

29.45

19.07

30.33

23.45

266

38

17

33.44

13.50

33.27

28.99

248

20

15

18.32

9.36

18.36

16.62

261

26

12

22.40

9.00

21.27

17.37

251

64

43

58.72

42.00

55.45

51.89

254

69

52

68.04

41.03

64.36

60.68

236

44

11

33

68

39

II.

31

29

(Boys),

62

40

"

Hunghom (Boys),

30

41

Hospital Chapel (Boys),

64

42

"I

Shektong-tsui (Girls),

43

19

14

11

45

46

II.

17

"

47

*

48

49

17

50

11

Saiyingpun, Second Street, I. Division (Girls),

II.

Ui-hing Lane, I. Division (Girls),

Tanglungchau No. 1 (Boys),

..

No. 2 (Boys),

Square Street (Girls),

Taikoktsui (Boys),..

15

72

(Boys),

94

65

(Girls).

37

69

38

84

41

51

"1

Matauwai (Boys).

26

52

"

Shaukiwan (Boys),

53

争场

Third Street (Boys),

35

54

D'Aguilar Street (Girls),

37

122 12 12A

39.45

10.00

35.18

32.38

244

14

29.96

10.50

28.18

23.23

248

38

59.65

32.50

59.72

50.62

235

45

55.54

29.90

56.72

48.67

242

14

25.31

11.41

21.30

18.79

211

37

58.38

30.34

57.63

51.57

249

4

12.18

3.09

11.80

9.47

219

25

66.65

24.33

59.75

52.77

235

55

62.47

27.70

72.75

52.80

242

45

59.01

42.62

58.54

53.93

242

36.84

20.92

33.90

33.13

255

35

60.73

25.00

62.72

53.27

261

15

30.72

11.50

28.41

23.74

249

61.42

32.71

65.09

51.48

249

...

19

23.30

17.16

25.09

20.75

213

***

24

34.16

18.04

31.72

28.80

258

31.72

13.04

32.54

25.13

259

Carried forward,.

2,233

1,256

1,961.32 968.90 1,901.18 1,658.00

i

ENROLMENT, ATTENDANCE and NUMBER of SCHOOL DAYS at the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS,-Continued.

363

No.

Name of Schools.

Maximum Minimum Monthly Monthly Enrol- Enrol- ment.

ment.

Average Average Maximum Minimum Daily Daily Attend- Attend-

ance.

Average Monthly Enrol-

Average Daily

Number

Attend-

ment.

ance.

ance for the Year.

of School Days.

Brought forward,

2,233

1,256

1,961.32

968.90

1,901.48

1,658.00

55 L.M.S., Kau-ü-fong (Girls),

44

15

39.32

14.27

35.00

32.28

248

56

Tanglungchau (Girls),

39

19

31.65

16.00

33.83

27.92

263

57

Aberdeen street (Girls),

32

17

29.08

15.76

27.72

23.48

253

58

Wantsai Chapel (Girls),

33

23

29.40

17.22

31.10

26.07

255

59

Staunton Street (Girls),

40

25

36.42

19.06

36.00

32.01

265

60

R.C.M., Cathedral School, I. Division (Boys),

29

6

27.44

6.00

21.16

20.73

254

61

Bridges Street, Chinese Division (Girls),

35

25

33.00

22.55

33.75

30.80

266

62

St. Theresa School (Girls),

63

30

55.59

29.05

54.41

47.63

257

63

Holy Infancy School (Mixed),

71

26

70.41

52.05

60.08

57.66

256

64

21

Yaumati (Girls).

43

26

33.14

24.14

36.50

28.32

275

65

66

19

Shaukiwan (Girls),

41

23

38.37

21.00

35.50

32.97

263

""

Hunghòm (Girls),....

37

20

32.88

17.50

32.16

29.32

267

67

19

Italian Convent, Chinese School (Girls),

100

88

98.81

83.73

94.25

92.39

273

68

??

Sacred Heart School, Chinese Division (Girls),

33

24

33.10

21.50

30.50

25.78

266

69

70

"

71

>

72

11

73

"

74

11

75

"

76

Wesleyan Mission, Spring Gardens (Boys),

**

Lascar Row (Boys), Wantsai School (Boys), Graham Street (Girls),.. Kennedy Town (Boys),

Basel Mission, High Street (Girls),

67

31

53.80

26.60

59.45

47.50

262

Wellington Street (Boys),

107

50

98.36

35.00

91.09

83.99

237

"

(Girls),

54

20

48.23

17.09

45.45

40.16

240

65

44

62.30

33.00

62.18

58.62

243

24

19

19.40

11.23

21.10

16,70

234

56

29

52.55

24.90

49.25

44.74

262

41

10

34.69

7.66

36.18

28.43

241

87

67

74.80

55.76

78.90

67.91

249

77

Berlin Foundling House School (Girls),..

30

23

30.00

20.65

28.27

26.16

267

78

C.M.S., Victoria Home and Orphanage, Ch. Div. (Girls),...

44

34

42.28

33.75

38.63

37.87

249

79

??

St. Stephen's Anglo-Chinese (Boys),

146

101

131.08

86.73

123.54

115.63

236

80

"}

Morrison English School (Boys),

51

23

45.08

18.16

38.27

29.49

236

81

Wesleyan Mission, Lyndhurst Terrace, Eng. Sch. (Boys),

50

20

46.84

18.33

43.17

40.93

244

82

St. Paul's College School (Boys),

82

41

76.87

38.23

67.27

64.23

239

83

Diocesan Home and Orphanage (Boys),

129

94

115.94

79.62

116.41

100.58

249

84

F.E.S., Bonham Road. English Division (Girls),

31

19

27.76

18.09

25.63

25.87

226

85

L.M.S., Taipingshan. English School (Boys),

75

47

70.04

44.00

65.00

61.65

220

86

R.C.M., Cathedral School, I. Division English (Boys),

39

27

36.96

26.04

35.25

33.85

250

87

88

??

St. Joseph's College, European Division (Boys), Italian Convent, English Division (Girls),

192

160

177.80

146.00

176.00

161.69

254

199

188

175.77

121.62

193.90

163.30

221

89

"

??

l'ortuguese Division (Girls),

66

58

56.61

36.62

62.90

50.58

221

90

11

Bridges Street, English Division (Girls),

23

20

19.86

12.15

21.66

16.42

265

91

15

13

Portuguese Division (Girls),

51

45

43.86

35.87

47.16

40.78

265

92

??

Nova Escola Portugueza (Girls).

13

7

12.06

5.26

9.50

8.02

222

93

97

94

>>

95

"

Sacred Heart School, English Division (Girls), St. Francis, Portuguese Division (Girls),...

English Division (Girls),

18

16

17.00

11.43

17.68

15 39

228

26

17

22.26

15.91

22.08

22.14

285

25

21

24.36

16.34

22.91

19.65

285

96

91

97

>"

Victoria Portuguese School, Port. Div. (Mixed),. Eng. Div. (Mixed),.

16

15.31

8.15

12.91

11.75

246

17

13

14.90

10.68

14.58

12.76

246

98

Victoria English School (Boys),

107

75

96.65

64.71

92.50

83.79

255

99

(Girls),

46

31

39.30

27.71

41.41

37.19

250

100 C.M.S., Victoria Home and Orphanage, Eng. Div. (Girls),.

Total,....

4,850.

2,982

4,332.67

2,436.01 4,223.62

3,732.13

364

TABLE XI.—PERCENTAGE of SCHOLARS who passed in the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS during the last two Years.

No.

Name of Schools.

1896.

1997.

Increase.

Decrease.

123TO C∞

American Board Mission, Bridges Street (Boys)

91.66

72.09

19.59

19

Queen's Road West (Boys)

96.42

93.93

2.49

J

Hawan (Girls)

90.90

85.00

5.90

4

5

多少

Chung-wan (Girls).

100.00

100.00

"}

Mongkok-tsui (Boys)

84.21

100.00

15.79

6 Basel Mission, Shamshuipó (Boys)

80.00

93.02

13.02

7

8

9

Shaukiwau (Boys)

94.54

98.30

3.76

To'kwa-wan (Boys).

96.00

95.83

0.17

11

Matau-chung (Boys)

94.14

11

:

12

*

"

10 Berlin Ladies Mission, Queen's Road West (Boys)

13

C. M. S. St. Stephen's Chinese School (Boys)

88.88

86.36

2.52

Tsat-tsz-mui (Boys)

45.16

83.87

38.71

90.24

98.11

7.87

"}

"

No. 2 (Boys)

86.48

92.68

6.20

14

"

Pottinger Street (Boys)......

97.61

100.00

2.39

15

"

Salyingpun (Boys)...

94.44

97.58

3.14

16

St. Stephen's Baxter Memorial (Girls)

94.44

62.96

31.48

17

Lyndhurst Terrace (Girls)

100.00

100.00

18

Third Street (Girls)

80.00

100.00

20.00

19

.་

Yaumati (Mixed)

91.30

85.71

5.59

20

Hunghóm (Girls)

94.73

100.00

5.27

21

Quarry Bay (Girls)

100.00

22

Little Hongkong (Boys)

33.33

50.00

16.67

23

Aberdeen School (Boys)

100.00

50.00

50.00

24

Aplichau (Girls).

75.00

78.57

3.57

25

F. E. S. Bonham Road, Chinese Divisions (Girls).

100.00

26

High Street (Girls)

95.23

27

28

Queen's Road West (Girls)

100.00

Saiyingpun Praya (Girls)

100.00

95.23

4.77

29

30

*

31

32

33

34

35

"

36

37

Pottinger Street (Girls)..

Stanley School (Girls)

Shaukiwan (Girls) To'kwa-wan (Girls) Yaumati (Girls).

L. M. S. Square Street (Boys)..

Wantsai Chapel (Boys) Yaumati (Boys)

Shektongtsui (Boys)

100.00

84.61

75.75

93.75

100.00

100.00

100.00

97.56

2.44

91.42

96.77

5.35

75.67

94.11

18.44

86.20

84.61

1.59

38

""

Saiyingpun I Division (Boys)

90.00

88.88

1.12

39

II

(Boys)

83.78

90.74

6.96

40

"

Hunghóm (Boys)

100.00

90.90

9.10

41

Hospital Chapel (Boys)..

100.00

100.00

42

་་

Shektongtsui (Boys)

66.66

63.63

3.03

43

""

Saiyingpun, Second Street, I Division (Girls).

79.16

86.88

7.72

44

II

39

45

}"

46

""

19

II

""

47

""

48

"

49

""

50

"

51

"

52

>>

53

""

54

""

55

56.

""

Ui-hing Lane, I Division (Girls)

"

Tanglung-chau No. 1 (Boys)

"

No. 2 (Boys)

Square Street (Girls)..

Taikok-tsui (Boys)

Matau-wai (Girls).

Shaukiwan (Boys) Third Street (Boys)

D'Aguilar Street (Girls) Kau-u-fong (Girls).............. Tanglung-chau (Girls)

(Girls)...

85.93

76.92

9.01

92.30

96.49

4.19

(Girls)..

96.$7

80.64

16.23

100.00

100.00

100.00

96.29

3.71

96.00

93.75

2.25

90.47

76.92

13.55

90.62

81.81

96.96

100.00

92.30

7.70

100.00

100.00

57

""

Aberdeen Street (Girls)

100.00

96.55

3.45

68

Wantsai Chapel (Girls)...

100.00

100.00

59

Staunton Street (Girls).

$7.50

93.33

5.83

60

R. C. M. Cathedral School II Division (Boys)

81.25

61

"

Bridges Street, Chinese Division (Girls)..

72.00

87.09

15.09

62

>>

St. Theresa School (Girls)

68.29

92.10

23.81

63

Holy Infancy School (Mixed)

83.33

97.72

13.39

64

""

Yanmati (Girls)

93.33

100.00

6.67

65

>>

Shaukiwan (Girls).

83.33

92.59

9.27

66

>>

Hunghóm (Girls)

100.00

89.28

10.72

"

Italian Convent, Chinese School (Girls)

91.07

80.00

11.07

68

Sacred Heart School

>>

(Girls)

87.50

92.00

4.50

69

ΤΟ

""

39

Wesleyan Mission, Spring Gardens (Boys)....

Wellington Street, (Boys)

76.92

94.44

93.42

1.02

71

**

"

:

(Girls).

88.23

79.48

8.75

72

"

"

Lascar Row (Boys)

45.83

83.05

37.22

73

71

""

Wantsai School (Boys)

94.73

87.50

7.23

74

29

"

Graliam Street (Girls)

97.29

98.03

.74

75

Kennedy Town (Boys)

83.33

90.90

7.57

76

Basel Mission, High Street (Girls)

100.00

No.

TABLE XI-PERCENTAGE of SCHOLARS who passed in the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS,—Continued.

365

Name of Schools.

1896.

1897.

Increase.

Decrease.

77

Berlin Foundling House School (Girls)

100.00

100.00

78

79

C.M.S. Victoria Home and Orphanage, Chin. Div. (Girls)

St. Stephen's Anglo-Chinese (Boys)

97.05

100.00

99.04

.96

80

19

Morrison English School (Boys)

95.83

90.90

4.93

81

82

Wesleyan Mission, Lyndhurst Terrace Eng. School (Boys) St. Paul's College School (Boys).

100.00

95.34

4.66

100.00

90.74

9.26

83

Diocesan Home and Orphanage (Boys)

82.35

84

85

:

86

87

"

88

F. E. S. Bonham Road, English Division (Girls) L. M. S. Tai-ping-shan, English School (Boys). R. C. M. Cathedral School I Division (Boys)...

St. Joseph's College, European (Boys) Italian Convent, English Division (Girls)

73.91

100.00

87.30

12.70

100.00

100.00

91.17

85.49

5.68

95.52

89.62

6.90

"?

89

""

""

90

Portuguese Division (Girls)... Bridges Street, English Division (Girls)

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

91

19

Portuguese Division (Girls)

100.00

100.00

92

99

Nova Escola Portugueza (Girls)

100.00

100.00

93

""

94

Sacred Heart School, Eng. Division (Girls) St. Francis Portuguese Division (Girls).

100.00

100.00

86.91

100.00

13.09

""

95

"

English

ܼܝ

(Girls)..

100.00

77.27

22.73

96

*

Victoria Portuguese School, Portug. Div. (Mix.)

100.00

100.00

97

""

Eng. Div. (Mixed)

100.00

100.00

98

Victoria English School (Boys)

93.84

99

"

""

(Girls)

100.00

100

C. M. S. Vict. Home and Orphanage, Eng. Div. (Girls)

Class

of

School.

TABLE XII.--PERCENTAGE of PASSES in the various subjects in which the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS

were examined in 1897.

Name of Schools.

Reading.

I.. American Board Mission, Bridges Street (Boys),

"

"1

"

Queen's Rd. West (Boys),

93.02 100.00

74.71

100.00 100.00

96.96 93.54

100.00

100.00 100.00

...

"

"

"

Háwan (Girls),..

100 00

85.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

91

"

་་

"

Chungwan (Girls),

100.00

100.00 82.35

100.00

"

Mongkok-tsui (Boys),

100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

"1

"

Shaukiwán (Boys),

尊重

J?

"}

14

11

"

Tsat-tsz-mui (Boys),

23

11

"

17

No. 2 (Boys),

"

"1

"

"

**

St. Stephen's Baxter Memorial (Girls),

11

"

Basel Mission, Shamshuipo (Boys),

Tokwawan (Boys),

Matauchung (Boys), .

Berlin Ladies Mission. Queen's Road West (Boys),

C.M.S., St. Stephen's Chinese School (Boys),

Pottinger Street (Boys),

Saiyingpun (Boys),

Lyndhurst Terrace (Girls),.

95.45 86.36 100.00 83.87

100.00 95.34 57.14

80.00

100.00 100.00 20.00

98.33 100.00 94.11

100.00 100.00

95.83 100.00 80.95

100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00

100.00 98.11 96.15

100.00 100.00

100.00 92.68

92.68

100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00

97.77

100.00 100.00

100.00 97.43 96.00

100.00 100.00

96.29 51.85 84.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00 92.59

100.00 100.00

17

97

Third Street (Girls),

100.00 100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00

}}

"

Yaumati (Mixed),

95.23 90.47

100.00 100.00

11

+

Hunghom (Girls),.

100.00 100.00 88.23

100.00

100.00 100.00

11

Quarry Bay (Girls),

*1

·.

Little Hongkong (Boys),

100.00 50.00

50.00

Aberdeen School (Boys),..

80.00 55.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

Aplichau (Girls),

100.00 85.71

100.00 100.00

F.E.S., Bonham Road, Chinese Division (Girls),.

100.00 100.00 75.00

100.00 96.42 80.00

11

High Street (Girls),

100.00 95.23

100.00

100.00 100.00

11

Queen's Road West (Girls),

100.00 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

Saiyingpun Praya, (Girls),..

100.00 95.23 76.47

100.00 100.00

14

"1

11

"

"

Wantsai Chapel (Boys),

19

11

Yaumati (Boys),

11

"

19

31

J

39

12

11

Shektongtsui (Girls),

Pottinger Street (Girls),

Stanley School (Girls),

Shaukiwan (Girls),

Tokwawan (Girls),

Yaumati (Girls),

L.M.S., Square Street (Boys),

Shektongtsui (Boys),

Saiyingpun, I. Division (Boys),

Hunghòm (Boys),

Hospital Chapel (Boys),

Saiyingpun, Second Street, I. Div. (Girls),.

100.00 100.00 100.00 76 92 100.00 78.78 100.00 93.75 100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00

66.66

83.33

100.00 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

414

81.81

100.00 100.00

100.00 97.56

100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00

100.00 96.77

100.00 100.00

97.05 94.11 91.47

100.00 100.00

100.00 84.61 40.00

100.00 100.00

96.29 88.88 55.76

II.

19

""

(Boys),

98.14 94.44 81.81

50.00

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

80.00

90.90 90.90

100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00 62.28

100.00 100.00

99.99 63.63

100.00 100.00

98.36 88.52 54.54

100.00 50.00 Failed

11

""

"

Ui-hing Lane, I. Division (Girls),

II.

"

"}

2)

(Girls),

11. (Boys)..... 100.00 80.00 51.56 100.00 96.49 100.00

93.54 83.87

100.00

96.92 96.55

96.23

100.00

100.00 100.00

Failed

100.00 100.00

Class

of

School.

366

Name of Schools.

TABLE XII-PERCENTAGE of PASSES,-Continued.

Reading.

Writing

or Com-

position.

I.

::

11

1:

1:

"J

:1

T

L.M.S., Tanglungchau No. 1 (Boys),

ין

No. 2 (Boya), Square Street (Girls),

Taikoktsui (Boys),

Mariwai (Boys)...

Shaukiwan (Boys), Third Street (Boys), D'Aquilar Street (Girls),. Kan-i-fong (Girls), Tanglungehau (Girls), Aberdeen Street (Girls), Wantsai Chapel (Girls),

Staunton Street (Girls),

R.C.M., Cathedral School. II. Division (Boys),...

Bridges Street, Chinese Division (Girls)....

St. Theresa School (Girls),

Holy Infancy School (Mixed),. Yaumati (Girls),

Shunkiwan (Girls),

Hunghom (Girls),

It.. Convent, Chinese School (Girls),

wered Heart School, Chinese Division (Girls),. yan Mission, Spring Gardens (Boys),

Wellington Street (Boys).

量有

(Girls),

Lascar Row (Boys),

Wantsai School (Boys),

Graham Street (Girls),

Kennedy Town (Boys),

H. | Basel Mission, High Street (Girls).

iii.

Berlin Founding House School (Girls).

100 00 100.00 100.00

100.00

86.04 96.29 82.60 93.75 70.00

100.00 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00 50.00

100.00 100.00

100.00

76.92 26.31

100.00 100.00

96.96

84.24 26.08

100.00 100.00

100.00

96.96

100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00

96.15

88.46

52.17

100.00

100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

100.00 96.55 $7.50

100.00 96.55

100.00 100.00 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

96.66 96.66 93.75 95.75 81.25

100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00

100.00 74.25 96.29

96.29

100.00 100.00 80.00

100.00 92.10

100.00 100.00 97.50

100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00 78.91

100.00

100.00 96.29 100.00

100.00

78.57

83.33

100.00

98.57

72.85

Failed

96.00

100.00 100.00

100.00

92.30 82.05 27.27

100.00 97.36

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 40.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

...

...

100.00 82.05

100.00 100.00

100.00 89.83

96.61

93.22

100.00 87.50

100.00 100.00

100.00 94.11 94.44 100.00 90.90

100.00

100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00

Phys. Geo

100.00 100.00 | 100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

96.29 96.29 100.00 100.00 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 92.59 96.29

C.M.S., Victoria Home & Orphanage Chi. Div. (Girls),. 100.00

St. Stephen's Anglo-t'hinese (Boys). Morrison English School (Boys),

Wesleyan Mission, Lyndhurst Terrace Eng. Sch. (Boys),

"

St. Paul's College School (Boys),

1+

Diocesan Home and Orphanage (Boys),

"

F.E.S., Bonham Road, English Division (Girls)..

L.M.S., Taipingshan, English School (Boys),

"

17

R.C.M., Cathedral School, I. Division (Boys),

St. Joseph's College (Boys),

Italian Convent, English Division (Girls),

Portuguese Division (Girls),. Bridges Street, English Division (Girls),

Portuguese Division (Girls),

Sacred Heart School, English Division (Girls), St. Francis, Portuguese Division (Girls),

English Division (Girls),

100.00 91.17

99.04 98.09 98.09

100.00

81.81 83.33 60.00 100.00 75.00 33.33 100.00

100.00

90.90 90.90 81.81 100.00 100.00 90.69 95.84 93.02 98.14 98.14 92.59 84.84 100.00 90.58 95.29 75.00 100.00 91.30 26.66 93.33

88.88 90.47 90.04 100.00 94.28 100.00 100.00 100.00 70.22 72.03 79.66 100.00 91.85 87.40 84.21 100.00 90.24 90.24 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00| 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

87.32 100.00

:

84.21 87.71 100.00 29.41

:

"

"

17

Nova Escola Portugueza (Girls),.

100.00 100.00

19

| 100.00 | 82.35

100.00 89.47

ད་

"

100.00

81.11.

"I

"

31

#

Victoria Portuguese Sch., Port. Div. (Mixed),..

100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00

94.11 84.21 50.00 100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00

76.47

100.00

>>

>>

"

Eng. Div. (Mixed),... 100.00

"

Victoria English School (Boys),

100.00

92.85 85.71 100.00 100.00 95.38 100.00

11

12

"

C.M.S., Victoria Home & Orphanage Eng. Div. (Girls),.

(Girls),

100.00

93.75

56.25 90.62 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

96.87 100.00 | 100.00

No. 1.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 23rd February, 1898.

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART LOCKHART), Chairman.

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

""

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

32

"}

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). the Colonial Treasurer, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

;;

"9

19

the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

""

WEI YUK.

"

ABSENT:

43

C

The Honourable JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Committee met at the request of the Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 8th December, 1897, were read and confirmed.

Read the following Minute under the hand of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government:-

C.5.0.

366 of 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to re-vote the following sums being unexpended balances of the votes for 1897 under the heading "Extra- ordinary Public Works"

Water Supply, Kowloon,

$ 2,069

Extension of Station Street North, Kowloon, and Streets at Mongkoktsui,... 1,771 Taipingshan Improvement,

10,000

City of Victoria and Hill District Waterworks, Road from Plantation Road to Magazine Gap,

15,460

1,531

Water and Drainage Works, Miscellaneous,

10,779

Government House, Hongkong, 11th February, 1898.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above vote be passed.

The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 28th February, 1898.

Read and confirmed on the 25th July, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Chairman.

No. 2.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 25th July, 1898.

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

13

>>

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

**

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.).

45

*:

>>

**

:

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (Alexander MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

WEI YUK.

The Committee met at the request of the Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 23rd February, 1898, were read and confirmed. Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government :-

C.O.D.

258 of 1897.

C.S.O.

938 of 1898.

C.S.O.

477 of 1898.

C.S.O.

716 of 1888.

C.S.O.

765 of 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand Four hundred and Nine Dollars ($1,409), being a gratuity to Mr. R. M. JAMESON, late Assistant Master, Queen's College.

Government House, Hongkong, 4th March, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and Seven Dollars ($407) in aid of the vote "Health Officer of the Port for repairs to Launch.”

Government House, Hongkong, 31st May, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Seven hundred and Forty-seven Dollars ($747) in aid of the vote "Miscellaneous Works," Public Works Department.

Government House, Hongkong, 6th June, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Two hundred and Forty Dollars ($3.240) in aid of the vote "Repairs to Epidemic Hulk Hygeia."

Government House, Hongkong, 9th June, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four thousand Dollars ($4,000) for the extension and improvement of the Central Fire Brigade Station.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th June, 1898.

46

C.S.O. 1308 of 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twelve thousand and Fifty Dollars ($12,050) in aid of the following votes:-

(a) Passages and Bonuses,

Police.

(b) Clothing and Accoutrements,

(c) Bedding and Mess Utensils,

$9,700

2,200

150

Total,..

$12,050

C.S.O.

1693 of 180°.

Government House, Hongkong, 20th June, 1898,

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Adininistering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five hundred and Fourteen Dollars and Thirty Cents ($514.30) in aid of the following votes :-

(a) Executioner's Fee and inflicting Corporal Punishment. ......

..$100.00 (b) Rent of Quarters for Superintendent and Warders,................................ 414.30

Total,.

.$514.30

Government House, Hongkong, 11th July, 1898.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed. The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 3rd August, 1898.

Read and confirmed on the 3rd August, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Chairman.

No. 3.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 3rd August, 1898.

47

!

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

""

2

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

WEI YUK.

ABSENT:

The Honourable EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

The Committee met at the request of the Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 25th July, 1898, were read and confirmed. Read the following Minute under the hand of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government:-

a.s.o.

3037 of 1896.

WILSONE BLACK,

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Iwo thousand and Seven hundred Dollars ($2,700) in aid of the vote "Gaol Extension.”

Government House, Hongkong, 26th July, 1898.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above vote be passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AUTHORISE THE APPROPRIATION OF A SUPPLEMENTARY SUM OF THREE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-EIGHT THOUSAND, EIGHT HUNDRED AND SIXTY-NINE DOLLARS AND NINETY- THREE CENTS, TO DEFRAY THE CHARGES OF THE YEAR 1897.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the several items be passed.

The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 15th August, 1898.

Read and confirmed on the 15th August, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Chairman.

No. 4.

+

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 15th August, 1898.

49

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

>>

??

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

??

"}

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

17

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRving.

>>

WEI YUK.

The Committee met at the request of the Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 3rd August. 1898, were read and confirined. Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government :-

C.S.O.

1872 of 1998.

C.3.0.

1042 of 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five hundred Dollars ($500) in aid of the vote "Coal, Oil and Water for Steam-launch."

Government House, Hongkong, 30th July, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand and Five hundred Dollars ($2,500) in aid of the vote "Miscellaneous Works."

Government House, Hongkong, 5th August, 1898.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.

The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 29th August, 1898.

Read and confirmed on the 29th August, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Chairman.

No. 5.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 29th August, 1898.

51

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

99

*

19

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

WEI YUK.

The Committee met at the request of the Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 15th August, 1898, were read and confirmed. Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government:-

C.S.O.

2051 of 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six thousand Dollars ($6,000)) in aid of the following votes:-

(1) Maintenance of Waterworks, City of Victoria and Hill District,. (2) Road from Plantation Road to Magazine Gap..

Total,

Government House, Hongkong, 18th August, 1898.

.$3,000.00

3,000.00

.$6,000.00

C.S.O.

2110 of 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand Dollars ($2,000) in aid of the following votes in the Police Department:-

(1) Coal, Oil, &c., for launches,

(2) Purchase and Repair of Boats,

$1,300.00

700.00

Total,.....

$2,000.00

Government House, Hongkong, 24th August, 1898.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.

The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 12th September, 1898.

Read and confirmed on the 12th September, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Chairman,

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 9.

SATURDAY, 1ST OCTOBER, 1898.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

""

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

""

""

""

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

39

19

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

11

WEI YUK.

19

ABSENT:

53

The Honourable THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

The Council met pursuant to summons.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 12th September, 1898, were read and confirmed. NEW MEMBER.Mr. POLLOCK took his seat as Acting Attorney General, after having taken the Oath prescribed by Ordinance 4 of 1869.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO APPLY A SUM NOT EXCEEDING TWO MILLIONS FIVE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-SEVEN THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND NINETY-EIGHT DOLLARS AND EIGHTY CENTS TO THE PUBLIC SERVICE OF THE YEAR 1899.-The Acting Colonial Secretary moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned till Monday, the 10th October, 1898, at 3 p.m.

Read and confirmed this 10th day of October, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

WILSONE BLACK, Officer Administering the Government.

No. 7.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 10th October, 1898.

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

13

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.).

>>

"

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

}}'

99

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

Ho Kar, M.B., C.M.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

""

WEI YUK.

ABSENT:

55

The Honourable THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

The Committee met at the request of the Acting Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 12th September, 1898, were read and confirmed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO APPLY A SUM NOT EXCeeding Two MILLIONS FIVE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-SEVEN THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND NINETY-EIGHT DOLLARS AND EIGHTY CENTS TO THE PUBLIC SERVICE OF THE YEAR 1899.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the several items in the Bill be passed. The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 22nd November, 1898.

Read and confirmed on the 22nd November, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Chairman.

<

No. 8.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 22nd November, 1898.

57

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

>1

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

};

31

WEI YUK.

ABSENT:

The Honourable the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

The Committee met at the request of the Acting Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 10th October, 1898, were read and confirmed. Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government:-

C.S.0.

2304 of 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Four hundred and Seventy-two Dollars ($3,472) in aid of the following

votes:

(a) Provisions for Prisoners,

(b) Materials for Remunerative Industry, (c) Clothing, etc. for Gaol Staff,

.$2,000.00 1,000.00 472.00

Total,..

·

$3,472.00

C.S.O.

2159 of 1898.

C.O.D.

165 of 1898.

Government House, Hongkong, 26th September, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand and Three hundred Dollars ($2,300) to meet the cost of certain alterations in the Gaol for laundry purposes.

Government House, Hongkong, 27th September, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand and Seven hundred Dollars ($2,700) to meet the following expenses during the current year:

(1.) Half salary of the Acting Colonial Secretary from 26th June to 5th

October, 1898,

(2.) Expenses of the Special Commissioner (Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, C.M.G.) in connection with the extension of the Kowloon boundaries,

$1,347.82

1,352.18

Total,..............$2,700.00

Government House, Hongkong, 4th October, 1898.

58

C.3.0.

2106 of 1898.

C.S.O.

2625 of 1898.

C.S.O.

2659 of 1898.

C.S.O.

2696 of 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and Fifty Dollars and Ninety-four Cents ($150.94) to cover the expenses incurred in connection with the recovery of the Gap Rock Moorings.

Government House, Hongkong, 20th October, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six hundred Dollars ($600) in aid of the vote "Improvement of Gas Lighting, City of Victoria."

Government House, Hongkong, 2nd November, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK,

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five hundred Dollars ($500) in aid of the vote "Incidental Expenses" Sanitary Department.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Nine hundred Dollars ($900) in aid of the following votes, Police Department:-

1. Oil and Wick and Gas for Barracks,

2. Meals for Prisoners in Cells,

3. Photography,

4. Secret Service,

Total,.

$500.00

100.00

200.00

100.00

.$900.00

Government House, Hongkong, 11th November, 1898.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.

The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 22nd December, 1898.

Read and confirmed on the 22nd December, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Chairman.

No. 9.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG

On the 22nd December, 1898.

59

C.S.O.

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the

>>

71

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.).

>>

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

WEI YUK.

ABSENT:

The Honourable the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

2:

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

"}

The Committee met at the request of the Acting Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 22nd November, 1898, were read and confirmed. Read the following Minute under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :-

832 of 1898.

HENRY A. BLAKE.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twenty-nine thousand One hundred and Fifty Dollars ($29,150), to meet the expenses of the Post Office for 1898.

Government House, Hongkong, 30th November, 1898.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above vote be passed.

The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 30th December, 1898.

Read and confirmed on the 25th January, 1899.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Chairman,

:

V

HONGKONG.

FINANCIAL RETURNS FOR THE YEAR 1897.

203

No. 17

98

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency

the Officer Administering the Government.

No. 13.

SIR,--I have the honour to transmit the following returns

1. Revenue and Expenditure for the year 1897.

TREASURY, 15th March, 1898.

2. Comparative Statement of Revenue and Expenditure for 1896 and 1897.

3. Return of Deposits not available.

4. Return of Advances Outstanding.

5. Return of Public Works Extraordinary chargeable against the Loan.

6. Statement of Expenditure from the Praya Reclamation Fund.

The statement of Assets and Liabilities cannot be completed till the Crown Agents Sinking Fund

Account is received.

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&c.,

&c.,

&c.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Treasurer.

COLONY OF HONGKONG.

RETURN OF REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31ST

REVENUE.

Amount Total Estimated. Revenue.

More than Less thau Estimated. Estimated.]

EXPENDITURE.

$

C.

LIGHT DUES,

LICENCES AND INTERNAL REVENUE NOT OTHERWISE SPE-

113,000

114,176,41

$ (. 1.176.41

$ C.

CIFIED:-

Arms Ordinance,.

820

Assessed Taxes,

420,000

480.00 429,136.89

110.00 9,136,89

Gioverte Color: 1

tor's Department,

en Arcent of Public Debt,

egislature.

Audit Dp

Auctioneers' Licences,

1.800

Billiard Tables and Bowling Alleys Licences,

1,000

1,800.00 900.00

Treasur

Boarding-house Licences,

2,200

206.26

100.00 1,993.74

Public A

Post Of

Boat Licences..........

6.067

6,971.35

904.35

Cargo Boat Licences,

Carriage, Chair, &c.. Licences..........

Chinese Passenger Ships Licences,

Chinese Undertakers' Licences,

Dog Licences,

11,856

11,448.00

408.00

10,800

43,323.50

850

380.00

160

200.00

2,523.50 80.00 40.00

Observatory,

2,500

2,433.00

$7.00

Emigration Brokers' Licences,. Fines,

1,080

1,000.00

Legal Departments,

51,892

31,834.80

20,057.20

Department,.

Registrar te mails Department,

Harbour Masts Department,

Lighthouses.

Stamp Office.

Botanical and Allon stat

Ecclesiastical,

Department,

Forfeitures,

3,065

4,357.07

Hawkers' Licences,

5.861

6,834.50

1,292.07 973.50

Education,

Medical Departments.

Junk Licences.

81,500

29,063.80

2,486.20

Kerosene Oil Licences,

450

505.00

55.00

Marine Store Dealers' Licences,

5,500

5,280.00

220.00

Gaols,

Marriage Licences,

296

482.00

Money Changers' Licences,

540

550.00

183.00 10.00

Opium Monopoly,

286,000

286,000.00

Pawnbrokers Licences,.

89.000

39,000.00

Shooting Licences,

100

120.00

Spirit Licences,

65,000

67,1836.50

20.00 2,136.50

Magistracy,

Police,

Sanitary Department. Charitable Allowances,

Transport,

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works, Recurent.

Stamps,.

215,000

252,216.88

37.216.88

Steam-Launch Licences,

800

·932.50

182.50

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PUR-

POSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID :-

Bills of Health,

2.200

2,046 00

154.00

Births and Deaths, Registration of..

110

247.58

Cargo Boat Certificates,

1.900

1.923.00

137.58 23.00

Cemetery Burials,

550

1.059.24

509.24

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

1,700

1,126.50

573.50

Chinese Gazette, Sale of

89

25.00

14.00

Companies, Registration of

1.200

2,863.25

1,663.25

Convict Labour and other items,

5,000

4.811.61

188.89

Deeds, Registration of

4,500

4,988.00

488.00

Discharge of Crews and Seamen,

9,500

10.024.00

524.00

Examination of Masters, &c.;

1.700

8.050.00 1,850.00

Fees of Court,

14,044

13,984.29

59.71

Fees on Grant of Lenses.

1,000

Fecs for testing Petroleum,

300

705.00 $35.00

295.00

35.00

Gaol Expenses,-Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval and Mi-

litary Departments, Seamen and Debtors,...

1,200

1,315.15

Gunpowder, Storage of......

9.000

13,353.44

115.15 4.353.44

Householders, Registration of

1.358

1.273.75

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

6,804

5,375.97

84.25 1,428.03

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

928

1,018.76

93.76

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

Medical Registration Fees,

22,000 10

19,814.25

2,185.75

Medical Treatment of Patients in the Civil Hospital,

18,000

30.00 19,021.58

20.00 1,021.58

Maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse,-Contribution from

Chinese Imperial Government towards the

750

Official Administrator and Trustee,..

1,500

Official Signatures,

300

750,00 3,496.71 14,160.11

1,998.71 13,860.11

Printed Forins, Sale of

200

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for

2,700

181.75 2.880.00

18.25

Queen's College, Fees from Scholars,

11,009

13,460.00

180.00 2,460.00

Registry Fees,

Refund of l'olice Pay,

300 1,800

706.00 1,817.29

406.00

17.29

Refund Cost of Police and other Stores,.

500

537.01

37.01

Shipping Crews and Seamen..

10,500

10,947.20

447.20

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

700

1.023.54

323.54

Steam-Launches, Surveyor's Certificate,

Survey of Steam-Ships,

1,500 10,200

1.600.00

100,00

School for Girls, Fees from Scholars,

500

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,

9.0.0

11,829.77 619.00 11,850,00

1.629.77

J19.00 2,850,00

Trade Marks, Registration of

1.000

2.956.04

1,956.04

Overtime Fees Engagement and discharge of Crews on

Board Ship,

515.00

515.00

POST OFFICE :—

Postage,...

240,000

268,616.49

28,616.49

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES

Buildings,

Laundries,

Leased Lands.

400 530 215,000

792.00 683.84

211,798.70

392.00 158,84 26,798.70

D1 500

10.190.47

1,309.53

COLONY OF HONG KONG.

AND EXPENDITURE DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1897.

Total Revenue.

(.

$ 114,176.41

More than Less than Estimated. Estimated.

$ c. 1,176.41

EXPENDITURE.

Amount

Total More than Less than Estimated. Expenditure. Estimated. Estimated.

$ C.

Charge on Account of Public Debt, Pensions,

$ ር.

$ (.

$

$ C.

143,000.00

157,490.70

14,490.70

129,000.00

140,824.22

11,824.22

480.00

429,136.89

110.00 9,136.89

1.800.00

900.00

206.26

100.00 1,993.74

Governor and Legislature.

Colonial Secretary's Department, Audit Department,.

Treasury,

Public Works Department,. Fost Office,

42,903,60 !

14.243.94

1,840.94

30,616.00

25,691.46

4,924.54

10,000.00

12,103.80

2.103.80

22,742.00

22,249 23

492.77

90,826.00

89,556.92

1,269.08

207,361.60

207,080.29

280.71

6,971.35

904.35

Registrar General's Department,

12,957.00

12,195,32

761.68

11,448.00

108.00

Harbour Master's Department,

62,313.00

61.485.00

828.00

45,323.50 2,523,50

Lighthouses,

16,870.00

16.394.03

475.97

380.00

30.00

Observatory,

12,876 00

14,563.99

1,687.99

200.00

40.00

Stamp Office.

8.572.00

3,564.62

7.38

2,433.00

67.00

Botanical and Afforestation Department,

18,698.00

18,862.41

164.41

1,000.00

Legal Departments,

73,168.00

76,382.20

3,214.20

31.834.80

20,057.20

Ecclesiastical,

2.200.00

1.825.00

375.00

4,357.07 1,292.07

Education,

76,043.00

72,984.85

3,058.17

6834.50

973.50

Medical Departments,

98,257.00

114,978.80

16,721.80

29,063.80

2,436.20

Magistracy,

19,652.00

21.082.51

1.430.51

505.00

55.00

Police,

239,560.00

241,568.32

2,008.32

5.280.00

220.00

Gaols,

60,086.00

59.372.25

713.75

482.00

186.00

Sanitary Department,

96,622.00

96.662.40

10.40

550.00

10.00

Charitable Allowances,

5,260.00

4.231.09

1,028.91

286,000.00

Transport,

3,000.00

7,712.86 4,712.86

39,000.00

120.00

20.00

67,136.50

2,136.50

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure,

Public Works, Recurrent,

470,294.00 476,869.66 6,575.66

203,000.00

206,451.67 3,451.67

136,607.00

307.265.81 170,658,81

252,216.88

37,216.88

·932.50

182.50

2,046 00

154.00

247.58

1.923.00

137.58 23.00

1.059.24

509.24

1,126.50

25.00

573.50 14.00

2,868.25

1,663.25

4.811.61

188.59

4,988.00

488.00

10.024.00

524.00

3.050.00 1,350.00

13,984.29

59.71

705 00

295.00

335.00

85.00

1,315.15

115.15

13,353.44

4.353.44

1,273.75

5,375.97

84.25 1,428.03

1,018.76

95.76

19,814.25

2,185.75

30.00

19,021.58

20.00 1,021.53

750.00

3.496.71

14,160.11

1,996.71 13.860.11

181.75

18.25

2.880.00

180.00

13,460.00

2,460.00

706.00

406.00

1,817.29

17.29

537.01

37.01

10,947.20

447.20

1.023.54

323,54

1.600.00

100.00

11,829.77

1.629.77

619.00

119.00

11,850,00

2.956.04 1,956.04

2.850.00

515.00

$15.00

268,616.49

28,616.49

792.00

6-3.81

392.00 153.84

211.798.70 26,798.70

1

Kerosene Oil Licences,

Marine Store Dealers' Licences, Marriage Licences.....

Money Changers' Licences,

Opium Monopoly,

Pawnbrokers' Licences,,

Shooting Licences,

Spirit Licences,

Stamps,

Stenni-Launch Licences,

Magistrany,

Police.

Sanitary Department, Charitable Allowances, Transport,

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works, Recurrent,

2.406.20

450

805.00

5,500

5.280.00

220.00

Gaols.

296

482.00

540

550.00

185.00 10.00

286,080

286,000,00

30,000

39,000.00

100

65,000

120.00 67,186.50

215,000

252,216.88

003

·932,50

20.00 2.136.50 87,216.88 182.50

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

Cemetery Burials,

Chinese Gazette, Sale of

Companies, Registration of

Convict Labour and other items,

Deeds, Registration of

Discharge of Crews and Scamen,

Examination of Masters, &c.,

Fees of Court,

Fees on Grant of Leases.

Fees for testing Petroleum,

litary Departments, Scamen and Debtors,...

Gunpowder, Storage of.............

Householders, Registration of

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

Medical Registration Fees,

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PUR-

POSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID :--

Bills of Health,

Births and Deaths, Registration of.

Cargo Boat Certificates,

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

2.200

2.046 00

154.00

11 1.900

247.58

137.58

1.923.00

28.00

550

1.059.24

509.24

1,700

1,126.50

578.50

B9

25.00

14.00.

1.200

2.863.25

1,663.25

5,000

4.811.61

188.39

4,500

4,988.00

488.00

9,580

10.024.00

524.00

· 1.700

3.050.00

1,850.00

14,044

1,000

300

13,984.29 705 00 335.00

59.71

205.00

35.00

Gaol Expenses,-Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval and Mi-

1,200

1,815.15

9.000

13,353.44

115.15 4.353.14

1.358

1.278.75

6,804

5,875.97

84.25 1,428.03

923

1,018.76

95.76

22,000

19,814.25

2,185.75

10

Medical Treatment of Patients in the Civil Hospital,

Maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse,-Contribution from

18,000

30.00 19,021.58

20.00 1,021.58

Chinese Imperial Government towards the

750

750.00

Official Administrator and Trustee,.

1,500

3.496.71

Official Signatures,

300

14,160.11

1,996.71 13,860.11

Printed Forms, Sale of

200

181.75

18.25

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for

2,700

2,880.00

180.00

Queen's College, Fees from Scholars,

11,000

13,460.00

2,460.00

Registry Fees,

300

706.00

406.00

Refund of Police Pay,

Shipping Crews and Seamen,.

1,800

1,817.29

17.29

Refund Cost of Police and other Stores,.

500

537.01

37.01

10,500

10,947.20

447.20

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

700

1.023.54

323.54

Steam-Launches, Surveyor's Certificate,

1,500

1.600.00

100.00

Survey of Steain-Ships,

10,200

11,829.77

1,629.77

School for Girls, Fees from Scholars,

500

619.00

119.00

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,

9.0.0

11,850.00

2,850.00

Trade Marks, Registration of

1,000

2.956.04

1,956.04

Overtime Fees Engagement and discharge of Crews on

Board Ship,

515.00

515.00

POST OFFICE :—

Postage,...

240,000

268,616.49

28,616.49

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES :—

Buildings,

Laundries,

400 580

792.00 683.84

Leased Lands,.

215,000

241,798.70

392.00 153.84 26,798.70

Lands not Leased.

11,500

10,190.47

1,309.53

Markets,

69.663

70,519.15

856.15

Piers,.

6,000

4,082.19

1,917.81

Stone Quarries,

15,850

15,500.00

Slaughter House,

42,750

41,412.00

350,00 1,338.00

Sheep and Pig Depôts,

11.000

11,147.54

147.54

INTEREST,

10,000

4,576.84

5,423.16

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS:-

Condemned Stores, &c.,

1,000

2.671,04

Interest for use of Furniture at Government House.

145

Night Soil Contracts,

28,440

Other Miscellaneous Receipts,

Profit on Subsidiary Coins,

156.43 27,840.00 20,000 12,924.417 115,000 115,015.91

1,671.04 11.43

600.00 7,075.53

15.91

TOTAL, exclusive of Land Sales and Water Account,...$ 2,248,823 2,352,366,32 |151,840,37| 48,297.05

LAND SALES,

WATER ACCOUNT-Ord. 16 of 1890,

100,000 224,500,59 | 124,500.59 90,000 110,047,79 20,047.79

Public Works, Extraordinary,..

TOTAL,

$ 2,438,8232,686,914.70 |296,388.75| 48,297.05

TOTAL........

Public Works Extraordinary chargeable again.

Treasury, Hongkong, 8th March, 1893.

29,063.80

2,886.20

505.00 5.280.00

55.00

220.00

482.00 550.00

186.00 10.00

286,000,00

39,000.00

120.00

20.00

67,186.50

2.136.50

252,216.88

37.216.83

932.50

132.50

2.046 00

154.00

247.58

1.928.00

137.58 28.00

1.059.24

509.24

1,126.50

573.50

25.00

14.00

2.863.25

1,663.25

4.811.61

188.39

4,988.00

488.00

10.024.00

524.00

3.050.00

1,850.00

13,984.29

705.00 335.00

59.71 295.00

35.00

1,315.15

115.15

13,353.44

4,353.44

1.273.75

5,875.97

84.25 1,428.03

1,018.76

95.76

19,814.25

2,185.75

30.00

20.00

19,021.58

1,021.58

750.00

3.196.71

14,160.11

1,996.71 13.860.11

181.75

18.25

2,880.00

180.00

13,460.00

706.00

2,460.00

406.00

1,817.29

17.29

537.01

37.01

10,947.20

447,20

1.023.54

323.54

1.600.00

100.00

11,829.77

1.629.77

619.00

119.00

2,850.00

Magistracy, Police,

Gaols.

Sanitary Department, Charitable Allowances, Transport,

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works, Recurrent,

19,65 239,560,00 60,086,00

96,622.00

5.260,00 3.000.00

21.082.51 1.430.5

241,568.32

2,008.32

59.372.25

713.75

96.662.40

40.40

4.231.09

1,028.91

7.712.86 4,712.86

136,407.00

307.265.81 170,658.81

470,294.00

208,000.00

476,869.66 6.575.66 206,451.67 3,451.67

11,850,00

2.956.04 1,956.04

515.00

268,616.49

792.00 683.84

241,798.70 26,798.70

515.00

28,616.49

:

:

392.00 158.84

10,190.47

1,309.53

70.519.15

856.15

4,082.19

1.917.81

15,500.00

41,412.00

350,00 1,338.00

11.147.54

147.54

4,576.84

5,123.16

2.671.04 156.43

1,671.04 11.43

27.840.00

12.924.47

600.00 7,075.53

115,015.91

15.91

2,352,366.32 151,840.37 48,207.05

224,500,59 124,500.59

Public Works, Extraordinary,

$ 2,287,483.00| 2,513,693.33 240,426.29: 14,215.96

113,500,00 127,716,38, 14,116.38

110,047.79 20,047.79

2,686,914.70 296,388.75| 48,297.05

TOTAL...

.$

2,401,083.00| 2,641,409,71| 254,542.67

14.215.96

Public Works Extraordinary chargeable against the New Loan, $

868,000

321,705.89

46,294.11

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Treasurer.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE OF THE COL

REVENUE.

1897.

INCREASE.

DECREASE.

EXPENDITU

C.

Charge on Account of Public De Pensions,.

Governor and Legislature,

Colonial Secretary's Department Audit Department,

Treasury,

Public Works Department, Post Office,.

Registrar General's Department

Harbour Master's Department, Lighthouses..

Observatory,

Stamp Office,

Botanical and Afforestation Det Legal Departments,

Ecclesiastical Department, Education,

Medical Departments, Magistracy,

Police, Gaols....

Fire Brigade..

Sanitary Department, Charitable Allowances, Transport,

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works, Recurrent, Public Works, Extraordinary,

1896.

$

(.

LIGHT DUES,

117,814,45

$ 114,176,41

c.

$

じっ

$ 3,138.04

LICENCES AND INTERNAL REVENUE NOT OTHERWISE

SPECIFIED :—

Arms Ordinance,..

370.00

433.00

60.00

Assessed Taxes,

Auctioneers' Licences,

Billiard Tables and Bowling Alleys Licences,

Boarding House Licences,

Boat Licences,

Cargo Boat Licences,

Carriage, Chair, &c., Licences,

Chinese Passenger Ships Licences,

Chinese Undertakers' Licences,.

Dog Licences,

402,212.68

429,136 89

1,200.00

1,800.00

26.924.21 600.00

1,000,00

90..00

100.00

1,947.94

206.26

1,741.68

6.661.65

6,971.35

309.70

11,981.80

11,448.00

533.80

42,977.00

48,328.50

346.50

395.00

380.00

15.00

180.00

200.00

20.00

2,509.50

2,483.00

76.50

Emigration Brokers' Licences,... F'ines,

1,000.00

1,000.00

63,518.48

31,834.80

31,683.68

Forfeitures,

3,808.03

4,357.07

Hawkers' Licences,...

5,537.00

6,854.50

549.04 1,297.50

Junk Licences,

82,622,25

29.063.80

3,558.45

Kerosene Oil Licences,

441.00

503.00

:

Marine Store Dealers' Licences,

5,340.00

5,280.00

Marriage Licences,

320.00

482.00

64.00

162.00

60.00

Money Changers' Licences,

535.00

550.00

15.00

Opium Monopoly.....

286,000.00

286,000.00

Pawnbrokers' Licences,

30,000.00

39,000.00

Shooting Licences,

85.00

:

Spirit Licences,

65,549.00

Stamps,...

215,517,68

120.00 67,136.50 252.216.88

35.00

1,587.50

36,699.20

Steam-launch Licences....

808 50

932.50

124.00

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC

PURPOSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID :-

Bills of Health,..

2,349.00

2,046 00

305.00

Births and Deaths, Registration of..

14170

247.58

105.88

Cargo Boat Certificates,.

1,986.00

1,923.00

63.00

Cemetery Burials,.

1.967,69

1,059,24

8.45

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

1.511,58

1,126.50

385.08

Chinese Gazette, Sale of

30.00

25.00

5.00

Companies, Registration of

2,471,50

2.868.25

391.75

Convict Labour and other items,

5.526 92

4,811.61

715.31

Deeds, Registration of

5,062.00

4,988.00

71.00

Discharge of Crews and Scamnen,

10,543.00

10,024.00

519.00

Examination of Masters, &c., ·

2,682.50

3,050.00

367.50

Fees of Court,

14,144.77

13,984.29

160.48

Fees on Grant of Leases,.

1,373 50

703.00

668.50

Fee for testing l'etroleum,

425.00

335.00

90.00

Gaol Expenses,-Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval, and

Military Departments, Seamen and Debtors,

1,354,05

1.315.15

38.90

Gunpowder, Storage of

11,882,69

13,353.44

1,470.75

Householders, Registration of

1.866.50

1.278.75

92.75

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

6,563.65

5,375.97

1,187.68

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

924.46

1,018.76

94.30

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

Medical Registration Fees,

21,063.50 35.00

19,814.25

Medical Treatment of Patients in the Civil Hospital,.......

18,601,69

30.00 19,021.58

1,249.25 5.00

£19.89

Maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse,--Contribution

from Chinese finperial Government towards the..... Official Administrator and Trustee,..

750.00

750.00

2,549.25

Official Signatures,

265.00

8,496.71 14,160.11

947.46 13,895.11

Overtime Fees, Engagement and Discharge of Crews

on Board Ship,

Printed Forms, Sale of

227.00

515.00 181.75

515.00

45.25

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for.

2.760.00

2,880.00

:

Queen's College, Fees from Scholars,

9,948.00

13,460.00

Registry Fees,

444.00

706.00

120.00 3,512.00 262.00

Refund of Police Pay,

2,153.64

1,817.29

336.35

Refund Cost of l'olice and other Stores,.

694.82

537.01

157.81

Shipping Crews and Seamen,

11,791.20

10,947.20

844.00

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

1,056.09

1,023 54

32.55

Steam-launches, Surveyor's Certificate.

1,385.00

1,600.00

215.00

Survey of Steam-ships.

School for Girls. Fees from Scholars

10,484,07 475.00

11,829.77

1,345.70

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,

7,575.00

Trade Marks, Registration of

1.436.96

POST OFFICE:-Postage,

245,280.33

619.00 11,850.00 2,956.04 268,616.49

144.00

4,275.00

1,519.08

23,336.16

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES:-

Buildings,

Laundries,

434.00 540.00

Leased Lands,

217.282.39

Lands not Leased,

11.532.14

Markets,

69,458,51

792.00 683.8T 241,798.70 10,190.47 70,519.15

358.00 143,84 24,516.31

1341.67

1,060,64

Piers,

Stone Quarries,

4,259,57 15,850,00

4.082.19

177.38

15,500.00

850.00

Slaughter House..

42,750,00

41.412.00

1,338.00

INTEREST,

Sheep and Pig Depôts,

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS :-~

....... 1

10,452.86

1,147.54

4,576,84

694.68 4.576.84

1

ח יד

3

OF THE REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE OF THE COLONY OF HONGKONG IN 1895 & 1897.

1897.

$

INCREASE.

DECREASE.

EXPENDITURE.

1896.

1897.

INCREASE,

DECREASE.

C.

$ C.

$

C.

$

C.

114,176.41

3,138.01

Charge on Account of Public Debt,. Pensions,.

127,153.67

$ 157,490.70

$

2.

$

30,357.03

118,054.71

140,824.22

22,769.51

Governor and Legislature,

43.482.19

44,243.94

761.75

0

433.00

60.00

Colonial Secretary's Department,

28,674.71

25,691.46

2,983.25

429,136.89

26,924.21

1,800,00

600.00

Audit Department,

Treasury,

10,298.14

12,103.80

1,805.66

24,217.15

22,249,23

1,967.92

90.4.00

100.00

Public Works Department,

85,694.10

89,555.92

3.862.82

+

206.26

1,741,68

Post Office,.

188.281.17

207.080.29

18.799.12

6,971.35

309.70

Registrar General's Department,

13.929.10

12.195.32

.0

11,448.00

533.80

Harbour Master's Department,

62,336,01

61,485.00

1,738.73 85101

0

48,323.50

846.50

Lighthouses...

13.672.13

16.394.03

2.721.90

30

380.00

15.00

Observatory,

12.690.21

14,563.99

1,873.78

10

200.00

20.00

Stamp Office,

3,568.50

3,564.62

2,433.00

76.50

Botanical and Afforestation Department,

19,783.84

18,862.41

3.83 921.43

10

1,000.00

Legal Departments,

80,612.50

76,382.20

4.230.30

31,834.80

31,683.68

Ecclesiastical Department,

1,815.00

1.825.00

10.00

4,857.07

10

6.884.50

25

29,063.80

00

505.00

549.04 1,297.50

...

64.00

Education,

76,591.76

72,984.83

3,516.93

Medical Departments,

109.763.19

114,978.80

5,215.61

3,558.45

10

5,280.00

...

JO

182.00

· 162.00

550.00

15.00

00

286,000.00

60.00

Magistracy,

Police,

Guols....

Fire Brigade..

Sanitary Department,

Charitable Allowances,

22,754.27

21,082,51

1,671.76

219,777.28

218,905,85

87138

59.626.13

59,372.25

253.88

30.955.48

22,662,47

8,293.01

94.818.15

95,662.40

1,843.95

5,737.99

4,231,09

1,536,90

30

39,000.00

Transport,......

3.254.40

7,712,89

4,458.46

00

120.00

35.00

Miscellaneous Services,

239,319.78

307,265.81

67,946.03

30

67,186.50

1,587.50

Military Expenditure,

523,128.45

476,869,66

46,258.79

68

252.216.88

36,699.20

Public Works, Recurrent,

185,469.13

206,451.67

20.982.54

50

932.50

124.00

Public Works, Extraordinary,

69,510.98

127,716,38 58,205.40

1.00

1.25

..03

BREBASRASS8583 88889888 888

2,046.00

305.00

247.58

105.88

1,923.00

1,059.24

63.00 8.45

1,126.50

385.09

25.00

5.00

2.863.25

391.75

4,811,61

715.31

4,988.00

74.00

10,024.00

519.03

3,050.00

367.50

13,984.29

160.48

705.00

669.50

335.00

90.00

1.315.15

38.90

13,353.44

1,470.75

1,273.75

92.75

5,375,97

1,187.68

1,018.76

94.30

19,814.25 30.00 19,021.58

1,249.25

5.00

419.59

750.00 8,496.71

14,160.11

947.46 13,895.11

515.00

515.00

7.00

181.75

45.25

1.00

3.00

2,880.00 13,460.00

120.00 3,512.00

1.00

706.00

262.00

3.64

1,817.29

336.85

4.82

537.01

157.81

1.20

10,947.20

844.00

3.09

1,023 51

32.55

5.00

1,600.00

215.00

4.07

11,829.77

1,845.70

5.09

619.00

144.00

5.00

11,850.00

4,275.00

6.96

2,956.04

1,519.08

0.33

268,616.49

23,836.16

4.00

0.00

792.00 683.81

2.39

211,798.70

358.00 143.81 24,516,31

2.14

10,190.47

1,841.67

8.51

70,519.15

1,060.64

9.57

4.082.19

0.00

15,500.00

177.38 350.00

0.00

41,412.00

1,338.00

2.88

11,147.54

4,578,84

694.68 4.576.84

Pawnbrokers' Licences,

Shooting Licences,

Spirit Licences,

Stamps....

Steam-launch Licences........

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC

85.00 65,519.00

215,517,68

120.00 67.186.50 232.216.88

803 50

932.50

35.00 1,587.50 36,699.20 124.00

PURPOSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID :--

Bills of Health.....

Births and Deaths, Registration of...

2.319.00 111.70

2,046 00

303.00

247.58

105.88

Cargo Boat Certificates,.

1,986.00

1.923.00

63.00

Cemetery Burials, -

1.967.69

1,059,24

8.45

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

151158

1,126.50

385.08

Chinese Gazette, Sale of

30.00

25.00

5.00

Companies, Registration of

2,471.50

2.868.25

391.75

Convict Labour and other items,

5.526 92

4,811,61

715.31

Deeds, Registration of

5,062.00

4,988.00

74.00

Discharge of Crews and Seamen,

10,548.00

10,024.00

519.00

Examination of Masters, &c...

2,682.50

8.050.00

367.50

Fees of Court,

14.144.77

13,984.29

160.48

Fees on Grant of Leases,.

1,373 50

705.00

668.50

Fee for testing Petroleum,

425.00

385.00

90.00

Gaol Expenses,—Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval, and

Military Departments, Seamen and Debtors,

1,354.05

1.3315.15

38.90

Gunpowder, Storage of

11,882.69

13,353.44

1,470.75

Householders, Registration of

1.866.50

1,273.75

92.75

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

6,563.65

5,375.97

1,187.68

921.46

1,018.76

94.30

21,068.50

19,814.25

Medical Registration Fees,

35.00

Medical Treatment of Patients in the Civil Hospital,.

18,501.69

30.00 19,021.58

1,219.25 5.00

419.89

Maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse.--Contribution

from Chinese Imperial Government towards the... Official Administrator and Trustee.....

750.00

750.00

2.549.25

Official Signatures,

265.00

8,496.71 14,160.11

947.46 13,895.11

Overtime Fees, Engagement and Discharge of Crews

on Board Ship,

Printed Forms, Sale of

227.00

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for.

2,760.00

Queen's College, Fecs from Scholars,

9,948,00

515.00 181.75 2,880.00 13,460.00

515.00

45.25

120.00 3,512.00

Registry Fees,

444.00

706.00

262.00

Refund of Police Pay,

2,153.64

1,817.29

330.35

Refund Cost of l'olice and other Stores,

694.82

537.01

157.81

Shipping Crews and Seamen,

11,791.20

10,947.20

814.00

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

1,056.09

1,023 54

32.55

Steam-launches, Surveyor's Certificate.

1,385.00

1,600.00

215.00

Survey of Steam-ships.

School for Girls, Fees from Scholars

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,

10,484,07

11.829.77

1,345.70

475.00

619.00

144.00

++

7,575.00

11,850.00

4,275.00

Trade Marks, Registration of

1.436.96

2,956.04

1,519.08

POST OFFICE:-Postage,

245,280,33

268,616.49

23,336.16

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES :

Buildings,

434.00

Laundries,

540,00

792.00 683.81

358.00

143.84

Leased Lands,

217,282.39

211,798.70

24,516.31

Lands not Leased,

11,532.14

10,190.47

1,341.67

Markets,

69,458,51

70,519.15

1,060.64

Piers,

4,259,57

4,082.19

Stone Quarries,

15,850,00

15,500.00

177.38 350.00

Slaughter House,..

42,750,00

41,412.00

1,338.00

Sheep and Pig Depôts,

10,452.86

11,147.54

INTEREST,

4,576.84

694.68 4,576.84

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS:—

Condemned Stores, &c.,

1,43139

2,671.04

1,239.65

Interest for use of Furniture at Government House,.

144.40

156.43

12.03

Night Soil Contracts,

28,240,00

27,840.00

Other Miscellaneous Receipts,

18,394.09

Profit on Subsidiary Coins,.

110,196,20

12,924.47 115,015.91

100.00 5,469.62

4,819.71

TOTAL exclusive of Land Sales & Water Account,. 2,250,179.57 | 2,352,366.32

159,151.93

56,965.18

LAND SALES,

270,858.99 224,500.59

46,358.40

WATER ACCOUNT,

88,810.38 110,047.79 21,207.41

TOTAL,

Miscellaneous Services,

Military Expenditure, Public Works, Recurrent, Public Works, Extraordinary,

.$ 2,609,878.94 |2,686,914.70 180,359.34 103,323.58

TOTA

Deduct Decrease,

Nett Increase,

Treasury, Hongkong, Sth March, 1898.

103,323.58

77,035.76

39.000.00

120.00

$5.00

67,186.50

1,587.50

252.216.88

36,699.20

932.50

121.00

2,046 00

303.00

247.58

105.88

1,923.00

63.00

1,059.24

8.45

1,126.50

385.08

25.00

5.00

2.863.25

391.75

4,811.61

714.31

4,988.00

71.00

10,024.00

519.05

8,050.00

367.50

13,984.29

160.48

705.00

068.50

335.00

90.00

1.315.15

38.90

13,353.44

1,479.75

1,273.75

92.75

5,375.97

1,187.68

1,018.76

91.30

19,814.25

1,249.25

30.00

5.00

19,021.58

119.89

:

750.00

3,496.71

947.46

14,160.11

13,895.11

515.00

515.00

181.75

45.25

2,830.00

120.00

13,460,00

3,512.00

706.00

262.00

1,817.20

338.35

537.01

157.81

10,947.20

844.00

1,023 64

32.55

1,600.00

215.00

11,829.77

619.00

1,345.70

144.00

Transport.

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works, Recurrent,

Public Works, Extraordinary,

3,254,40

239,319.78

7,712,86 307,265.81

4,458,46 67,916.03

523.128.45

476,869.66

46,258.79

185.469.13 206,451.67 20.982.54 69,510,98 127,716,38 58,205.40

11,850.00 2,956.04

268,616.49

4,275.00

1,519.08

23,336.16

792.00 683.81

358.00 143.84

211,798.70

24,516.31

10,190.47

1,341.67

70,519.15

1,060,64

4,082.19

15,500.00

177.38 850.00

41.412.00

1,338.00

11,147.54

4,578.84

694.68 4,576.84

2,671.04 156.43

1,239.65

12.03

27,840.00

12,924.47 115,015.91

400.00 5,469.62

4.819.71

352,866.32

159.151.93 56,965,18

224,500,59

46,358.40

110,047.79 21,207.41

686,914.70 180,359.34 103,323.58

TOTAL......

103,323.58

77,035.76

$2,474,910,37 | 2,641,409.71

211,593 56

75,094.22

Deduct Decrensc,

Nett Increase,

75,094.22

166,499 34

T. SERCOMBE SMITH, Treasurer,

Statement of Deposits not Available received and repaid in the Colony of Hongkong during the year 1897.

207

Outstanding

Outstanding

Deposits received

By whom deposited.

Total.

1st January, 1897.

during the

year.

Deposits repaid during the

on

31st Dec.,

year.

1897.

Sikh Police Fund,.

1,707.00

909.00

2,616.00

738.00

1,878.00

Police Fine Fund,

341.81

591.89

933.70

867.77

65.93

Chinese Recreation Ground Fund,

869.13

1,510.86

2,879.99

568.55

1.811.44

Estate of Deceased Policemen,

170.82

170.82

170.82

Tender Deposit,

1,860.00

126,600.00

128,520.00

125,070

3.450.00

Intestate Estate,

362.49

362.49

362.49

Gaol Library,

103.90

103.90

103.90

Miscellaneous,

1,550.00

1,550.00

1,050.00

500.00

Suitor's Fund,

43,925.91

180,092.52

224,018.43

153,420.15

70,098.28

Administration of Passenger's Estates,

292.36

292.36

292.36

Post Office Fine Fund,

6.20

6.20

6.20

.

$

49.341.06

311,612.83

360,953.89

281,714.47

79,239.42

Hongkong, 10th March, 1898.

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Treasurer.

Statement of Advances made and repaid in Hongkong during the year ended 31st December, 1897.

To whom advanced.

Outstanding

on

1st January,

Advances made during the year ended

Advances

Outstanding

repaid during Balance on

ended

31st Dec.,

1897.

Money Order,

Government of Singapore,

John Thomas,

Supreme Court,

Captain Superintendent of Police,

Praya Reclamation,

Superintendent Fire Brigade,.

Imperial Government, Mrs. Carew,

Director Public Works,

Treasury,

G. W. Watling,

Sanitary Departinent,

Crown Solicitor,

Audit Department,

Government of Mauritius,

Postmaster General,

....

G. A. Yvanovich,

T. Warren,

E. A. Carvalho,

P. C. Langley,

Total.

Ithe

1897.

31st Dec., 1897.

year 31st Dec.,

1897.

26,369.24

282,002.52

308,371.76

24.60

66.45

91.05

283,944.25 (1) 353 73 81.30

24,073.78

9.75

20.93

20.93

20.93

100.00

100.00

*100.000

25.00

80.00

105.00

80.00

25.00

4,109.92

1,730.54

5,839.76

4,109.22

1,730.54

200.00

200.00

200.00

1,354.59

1,354.59

1,354.59

4,500.00

4,500.00

4,500

500.00

500.00

500.00

326.34

326.34

90.00

236.34

200.00

200.00

119.95

80.05

600.00

600.00

600.00

275.18

275.18

275.18

60.00

60.00

57.55

(2)

2.45

23,500

23,500.00

4,500.00

19,000.00

278.56

278.56

278.56

118.13

118.13

95.46

22.67

337.40

337.40

337.40

319.36

319.36

180.00

139 36

103.54

103.54

103.54

377.40

377.40

377.40

75.94

75.94

75.21

(3) .73

100.00

100.00

100.00

49.87

49.87

49.87

129.66

129.66

60.00

69.66

125.56

125.56

125.56

$

31,563.38 316,496.65

348,060.03

300,514.75

47,515 28

Loss in Exchange—(1) 353.73 (2) 2.45 (3)

73

$356.91

Government of Thursday Island,

R. F. Drury,.....

Captain Hastings, Contribution to Jamaica Widows'

and Orphans' Fund,..

A. Broadbent,

J. Course,

J. Gowanlock,

G. A. Bell,

Hongkong, 10th March, 1898.

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Treasurer.

208

1897.

PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY CHARGEABLE AGAINST THE NEW LOAN.

Praya Reclamation, Ordinance 16 of 1889,

Slaughter-House, Sheep and Pig Depôts,

Gaol Extension,

New Water Mains,

Sewerage of Victoria,

Water Supply, Kowloon,

Taitam Water Works Extension,

Water and Drainage Works Miscellaneous,

Storm Water Drain, Wing Fung Street,

City of Victoria and Hill Districts Water Works,

Water Account,

Hongkong, 10th March, 1898.

$ 65,000.00

6,871.25

51.176.95

4,607.92

8,860.66

2,930.94

8,962.55

61,220.05

2,945.25

104,539.93

4,590.39

$321,705.80

T. SERCOMBE SMITH, Treasurer.

PRAYA RECLAMATION FUND.

STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1897.

$

7,128.44

42,019.54

43,791.64 24,984.84

55,887.03

34,580.26

49,612.81

35,455.12

6,051.44

65,661,55

112,573.89

33,075.47

Do. No. 4,

Do. No. 5, Do. No. 6,. Do. No. 7,

3,113.67

6,552.99

7,019.62

5,004.19

9,187.60

14,215.46

7,876.47 14,630.92 21,788.35

7,063.88 55,691.67 3,428.36 14,169.36 8,670.52 27,669.30 5,666.04 53,029.15 57,874.20 31,817.59 77,925.38 9,600.81 51,701.26 44,549,27

1,822.21

1890.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1896.

1897.

Total

Expenditure.

Estimated

Cost.

Balance to

be Spent.

Private Marine Lot

Holders.

$

$

$

$399

Section No. 1,.

Do. No. 2,

Do. No. 3,.

$

40,758.18

63,318.02

11,086.90

24,596.23 266,683.79

423,260.67

156,570.88

36,245.99

31,593.99

6,202.29

36,697,68

5,754.83 11,705.77 235,441.70 48,599.71 43.961.02 378,214.75

251,176.20

15,731.50

459,378.56

81,163.81

39,144.85

11,964.17 132,373.06

227,392.11

95,019.05

63,670.23

62,780.32 181,126.04

310,486.00

129,359.96

29,767.10

27,309.82

50,382.14 246,395.38 523,788.60 277,398.22 27,919.28 292,611.76 316,268.44

23,656.63

Total,.

$

106,850.19

204,450.45 332,808.10 114,032.85 240,561.81

272,503.71

228,333.44

233,308.981,732,849.48 2,511,750.58 778,901.10

Section No.

Government.

Do. No. 5,

443.53

814.38

1,260.26

303.87

233.81

9,727.49

1,418.47

2,520.24

4,213.30

1,003.11

774.39

1,697.95

Do. No. 6,

755.45

1,400.02

Do. No. 7,

32,304.19

48,472.28

2,119.82

111,086.04

544.78

12,473.23

637.44

Total,

$

34,921.64

53,206.92

118,679.42

14,324.94 11,802.19 18,171.01 86,819.23

Grand Total,... $ 141,771.83

257,657.87

451,487.52 128,357.79 252,364.00 200,074.72 265,152.67

5,464.26

3,290.36 21,537.96 88,734.40 17,196.44

18,515.52 47,001.60 84,906.90 37,905.30. 3,837.25 11,372.32 46,818.00 3,393.29 230,549.89 259,218.77

35,445.68

22,668.88

16,858.62 1,036.00 1,541.61 10,156.55 5,709.57 12,954.74

28,580.42 316,461.77 429,678.07 113,216.30.

261,845.35 2,040,311.25 2,041,428.65 802,117.40

T. SERCOMBE SMITH, Colonial Treasurer.

Treasury, Hongkong, 11th March, 1898.

209

210

FINANCIAL STATEMENT FOR 1897.

Dr.

To Inscribed Stock Loan at 33% interest,

LOAN ACCOUNT.

Cr.

to be paid off on the 15th April, 1943,... £341,799.15.1

By Sinking Fund.

£5,174.14.4

ASSETS.

Subsidiary Coins,

ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

1

ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1897.

$ C.

LIABILITIES.

138,000.00 Drafts

Drafts drawn by Crown Agents, in

transit,

C.

316,000.00

.

Subsidiary Coins in transit,

700,000.00 Military Coutribution,

21,628.47

Deposits not available,.

79.239.42

Balance in hands of Crown Agents,

26,769.13

Arrears of Taxes,

110.17

Praya Reclamation Deposit Account,

Refund of Taxes,

261,000.00

3,000.00

Officers' Remittances, not yet paid,

23,652.69

Arrears of Crown Rent,

39,362.47

J

Money Orders, not yet paid,........

6,548.53

L

Advances to be recovered,.

47,545.28 | Transit Charges,

7,800.00

י

Pensions due to Civil Officers,

15,900.00

Do. to Police,

Overdrawn Balance,

0,293.00

210,782.86

TOTAL ASSETS,......*$ 951,787.05

Balance,...................

2,557.92

:

$ 954,344.97

TOTAL LIABILITIES,...... $

954,344.97

* Not including $350,000 being selling value of coins ordered and paid for but not already in transit.

Balance of 1893 Loan,...

Plus Excess of Liabilities over Assets,

.$262,091.95

2,557.92

Treasury, Hongkong, 5th April, 1898.

$264,649.87

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Treasurer.

419

No. 32

98

HONGKONG.

FINANCIAL RETURNS ACCOMPANYING THE DRAFT ESTIMATES FOR 1899.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

ASSETS AND LIABILITIES,

ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1897.

ASSETS.

LIABILITIES.

Subsidiary Coins, ...

138,000.00 | Drafts drawn by Crown Agents, in

transit,

.! 316,000.00

Subsidiary Coins in transit,

700,000.00 | Military Contribution,

21,628.47

Deposits not available,.

79,239.42

Balance in hands of Crown Agents,

26,769.13

Praya Reclamation Deposit Account,

261,000.00

Arrears of Taxes,

110.17

Refund of Taxes,

3,000.00

Officers' Remittances, not yet paid,

23,652.69

Arrears of Crown Rent,

39,362.47

Money Orders, not yet paid,

6,548.53

Advances to be recovered,..

47,545.28 Transit Charges,

7,300.00

Pensions due to Civil Officers,

15,900.00

Do. to Police,

Overdrawn Balance,

9,293.00

210,782.86

TOTAL ASSETS,..

Balance,...............

951,787.05

+

2,557.92

954,344.97

TOTAL LIABILITIES,..... $

954,344.97

* Not including $350,000 being selling value of coins ordered and paid for but not already in transit.

+ Balance of 1893 Loan,.

Plus Excess of Liabilities over Assets,

Treasury, Hongkong, 22nd August, 1898.

.$262,091.95

2,557.92

$264,649.87

A. M. THOMSON,

Acting Treasurer.

420

No. 54.

SIR,

TREASURY, 31st August, 1898.

With reference to my letter No. 49 of the 22nd instant, I have the honour to transmit the following returns:-

1. Estimated Balance of the Assets of the Colony on 31st December,

1898.

2. Estimated Loan Account 1898.*

3. Loan Account, 1897.*

The statement marked A will show how the balance of $365,090.91 is arrived at.

I have omitted all items appearing in the statement of Assets and Liabilities for 1897 set forth at page (C 16) of the Blue Book for 1897 which will form part of the Revenue and Expenditure for the current year.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

A. M. THOMSON,

The Honourable

THE ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&c.,

Se..

&c.

}

* Not printed.

Acting Treasurer.

ESTIMATED BALANCE OF THE ASSETS OF THE COLONY,

ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1898.

Estimated Revenue, 1898,

$2,779,922

Estimated Expenditure, Local,

Do.

Do.. Crown Agents,

$2,147,655 705.048

2,852,703

Estimated Expenditure in excess over Revenue, ...

.$ 72,781

Loan Works, 1st January to 30th June,

$26,259.06

Do.,

1st July to 31st December,

Total,....

78,000.00 (Estimated).

$104,259.06

Balance of Assets of 1897,*

$365,090.91

Less Expenditure in excess of 1898 Revenue,..

72,781.00

$292,309.91

Less Loan Works,.

104,259.06

Estimated Balance of 1898 Assets,...

$†188,050.85

*

Explanatory statement A attached.

Including Balance of Loan, $167,775.

Treasury, 31st August, 1898.

A. M. THOMSON,

Acting Treasurer.

3

#

h

!

:

=

ASSETS.

Statement A.

ASSETS AND LIABILITIES..

ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1897.

C.

LIABILITIES.

efy

Subsidiary Coins,

Subsidiary Coins in transit,............

138,000.00 | Drafts drawn by Crown Agents in transit,... 316,000.00

700,000.00 Deposits not available,

79,239.42

Balance in hands of Crown Agents,

26,769.13 Praya Reclamation Deposit Account,.

261,000.00

Advances to be recovered,.

47,545.28 Officers' Remittances, not yet paid,

23,652.69

Selling value of Coins ordered and paid for

but not already in transit,

Money Orders, not yet paid,

350,000.00

Overdrawn Balance,

6,548.53

210,782.86

Treasury, 31st August, 1898.

$1,262,314.41

TOTAL LIABILITIES,

897,223.50

BALANCE,

365,090.91

$1,262,314.41

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Treasurer.

421

C.

A

HONGKONG.

133

No.

REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF FIRE BRIGADE FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

No. 32.

POLICE OFFICE, HONGKONG, 31st January, 1898.

98

SIR,--I have the honour to submit the following report on the Government Fire Brigade for the year 1897.

2. There were 26 Fires, two of which occurred on vessels in the harbour, and 58 Incipient Fires during the past year. Details regarding each will be found attached. The Brigade turned out 40 times during the year.

The estimated damage caused by the fires was $177,150.00 and by the incipient fires $334.50. A list is attached shewing the number of fires that have occurred during each of the last ten years with the estimated value of property destroyed in each case.

3. There were three prosecutions for arson. In two cases the intention was to defraud and in these the prosecutions were successful. The first was in connection with the fire at No. 99, Jervois Street in which three occupants of the first floor, which had no connection with the shop on the ground floor where the fire originated, were smothered by smoke before they could be rescued.

Among the débris on the ground floor were found unmistakeable evidence of incendiarism, and the master of the shop was convicted and sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment with hard labour.

The second case was in connection with the incipient fire which occurred at No. 231, Queen's Road Central on the 21st of May.

The Chinese Constable on the beat noticed smoke issuing from the house, and forcing an entrance found the cubicle, used by the accountant of the shop on the ground floor, ou fire in four different places. With commendable courage and presence of mind he beat out the flames with an old curtain.

The accountant was convicted and sentenced to 5 years' imprisonment with hard labour. These convictions seem to have had a beneficial effect, for the estimated value of property des- troyed by the 14 fires that occurred up to the 21st of May amounted to $115,950, while the esti- mated value of property destroyed by the 12 fires occurring after that date amounted to $61,200, in- cluding the fire of the 15th June which took place before the second conviction.

4. The latter fire was the most destructive that occurred during the year. partly destroyed, and the value of the damage done was estimated at $34,000.

Three houses were

The spread of the fire to the adjoining houses in this case was entirely due to the large and stoutly constructed sunshades existing in Jervois Street, the removal of which had to be effected be- fore the Brigade could work with their ladders. The delay that was thus caused was considerable, and was undoubtedly the cause of the fire spreading.

Since then the shop-keepers in Jervois Street have been induced by Mr. CHATHAM, when Acting Director of Public Works, to make their sunshades moveable so as to avoid such obstruction in future.

5. At the fire in No. 64, Third Street on the 24th of November. 15 persons unfortunately lost their lives. They were occupants of the first floor. The fire originated under the only staircase leading to the floor, and the woodwork being light (as in most Chinese houses) it immediately burned so fiercely that no person could venture down the stairs.

The occupants retreated to the kitchen, and before assistance could arrive the whole floor was in flames and they were suffocated.

The houses on each side of that burned, had ladders leading from the kitchen to the roof, but unfortunately such was not the case in house No. 64.

6. The water in the mains was not turned off at any time during the year.

7. The new floating Fire Engine (the engines and appliances of which are by Messrs. SHAND and MASON) was completed and available for service in February last, and has given satisfaction.

8. I attach a list of places where Fire Despatch Boxes are kept, and of private telephones to which the Police have courteously been granted access in case of fire, together with copy of a report from the Acting Engineer on the state of the various Fire Engines, which are all in good working

order.

9. It has not been found possible yet to carry out the extension of the Central Fire Station that I recommended last year. Till that is done it is impossible to effect any material improvement in rapidity in dealing with fires from the Central Fire Station.

134

10. By an acceleration in sounding the alarms, a gain of two minutes has been effected in the turn-out of the firemen at the Central Police Station.

Electric alarms have now been fixed at East and West Point Police Stations, the Central Fire Station, and Central Police Station, from which further improvement in the rapidity of communicat- ing alarms is expected.

11. On the 11th of May the Nam Pak Hong Fire Brigade was, by the consent of the Committee, placed under the supervision of two European Engine Drivers, who take charge of this auxiliary Brigade at fires. The result has been satisfactory, and further improvement may be looked for.

12. The conduct of the Brigade throughout the year has been good.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY.

F. H. MAY, Superintendent of Fire Brigade.

112-

List of Places where Fire Brigade Despatch Boxes are kept.

Engine House at No. 2 Police Station. Engine House in Albany Street.

1 Box. No. 1 Police Station.

1

>>

2

""

Naval Dock Yard.

Government Offices.

1 Box. Government Civil Hospital.

1

1

"3

1

11

1

""

1

No. 7 Queen's Garden, Engineer's Mess.

6

""

1

Central Police Station.

"?

""

1

1

1

1

""

Clock Tower.

Government House.

Engine House at West Point.

No. 7 Police Station.

Gas House, West Point.

Ko Shing Theatre.

Nam Pak Hong Fire Station.

Man Mo Temple.

No. 5 Police Station.

List of Telephones to which the Police can have access to communicate with Central Station in the event of a Fire breaking out.

Hongkong and China Gas Company, East and

West Point, from 7 A.M. to 9 P.M.

Tung Wá Hospital, l'o Yan Street. Man On Insurance Office, Queen's Road West.

Hongkong Hotel, Praya Central. Royal Naval Yard, Queen's Road East. Mr. J. KENNEDY's Causeway Bay. Electric Light Company, Queen's Road East.

HONGKONG, 28th January, 1898.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward herewith a report on the state of the Government Fire Engines for the year ending 31st December, 1897.

STEAMER No. 1.

(Floating Fire Engine by Shand and Mason.)

This engine is new. It was finished on the 22nd January and commenced work in February. It did good service at the Fire on board the S. S. Belgir, on the 21st April and has been found very suitable for harbour work. The propelling engine is of sufficient power to maintain a speed of 9 miles per hour, so that little time is lost in reaching a fire in any part of the harbour. With the exception of a burst tube which gave out at the finish of the fire on the Belgic, the boiler and machinery has given every satisfaction.

STEAMER No. 2.

(Land Engine by Shand and Mason.)

This engine has been 19 years in service; the original boiler which was worn out was replaced by a new one this year supplied by Shand and Mason. It has been well tested at drill and found satisfac- tory, and is now in good working order.

STEAMER No. 3.

(Land Engine by Shand and Mason.)

This engine has been 19 years in service and is now in good order; the boiler has been regularly cleaned and examined and the machinery tested for efficiency at drill.

1

135

STEAMER No. 4.

(Land Engine by Shand and Mason.)

This engine has been 16 years in service; the pump valve seats have been thoroughly overhauled and new valves fitted. It has been regularly tested for efficiency at the monthly drills, and is now in good working order.

STEAMER NO. 5.

(Land Engine by Shand and Mason.)

This engine has been 12 years in service; it has been very little used for fires this year, but has been regularly tested at drill and is now in good working order.

Seven Manual Engines and fittings are all in good order. The hose, reels, ladders and supply carts are all in good order and condition.

The Honourable

F. H. MAY, C.M.G.,

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Superintendent, Government Fire Brigade.

Your obedient Servant,

D. MACDONALD,

Acting Engineer, Government Fire Brigade.

No.

DATE.

FIRES, 1887.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

NO. OF BUILDINGS DESTROYED.

Wholly. Partly.

ESTIMATED AMOUNT

OF PROPERTY

DESTROYED.

-∞∞ 10 CO - 00

1

January

12

No. 16, Sai Woo Lane,

2

13

""

No. 142, Second Street,

3

"

15

""

25

""

""

10

No. 48, Queen's Road West,.

22 Man Mo Temple, Hollywood Road,.

No. 63, Wellington Street,

26 | No. 59, Queen's Road West,.

February 10

122

2

100 10

2

$

1,400

14,000

4

23,000

25

1

3,000

No. 3, Bonham Strand,

12,000

17

""

No. 129, Queen's Road West,

1

2,900

9

March

9

No. 15, Tsz Mi Lane,

G

19,000

10

10

11

33

"

No. 76, Jervois Street,

23

No. 17, Wing Kat Street,

1

2,500

12

24

No. 34, Bonham Strand,

1

1,800

13

April

5

Blackhead & Co.'s Godowns at Tsimshatsui,

14

30

No. 273, Queen's Road Central,

2

8,000

15

May

4

No. 35, Battery Road,

I

60

16

June

14

A Carpenter's Shed at Kennedy Town,

1

200

17

July

3 No. 28, Tank Lane,

1

1

300

18

25

No. 185, Queen's Road West,

15

26,000

19

August 23

20

21

""

September 15

21

No. 76, Queen's Road West,.

No. 311, Queen's Road Central, No. 39, Wing Lok Street,..

2

2,000

1

1,200

2

Ι

4,000

22

October

5

No. 9, In Kee Lane,

1

1,500

23

No. 5, Gage Street,

1

1

3,000

24

November 5

No. 9, Sheung Fung Lane,

100

25

16

,,

No. 253, Queen's Road Central,

24

10

90,000

26

24

No. 13, Triangle Street,

1

150

27

27

""

No. 1, Nullah Lane,

I

190

28

28

""

No. 107, Wellington Street,

1

1,000

29

29

No. 163, Queen's Road East,

150

30

29

29

No. 165, Queen's Road East,

150

31

30

No. 40, Wing On Street,.

7

16,000

32

December

1

No. 31, Pound Lane,

200

331 33

11

31

No. 15, Morrison Street,

1,800

34

""

20

No. 5, Kau Ù Fong,

1,500

35

"

28 No. 56, Bonham Strand,

16

30,000

TOTAL,...

267,125

136

No.

DATE.

FIRES, 1888.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

NO. OF BUILDINGS

DESTROYED.

Wholly. Partly.

ESTIMATED

OF

AMOUNT

PROPERTY

DESTROYED.

1234567

January

17

1 No. 147, Queen's Road West,

No. 77, Praya West,

1

2

500

1

1

700

""

*"

12

29

March

12

8

>>

14

28

February 10

No. 7, Ship Street,.....

No. 229, Queen's Road West,

No. 139, Queen's Road Central,

No. 21, Centre Street,

No. 93, Bonham Strand,

5,500

No. 151, Hollywood Road,

500

1

200

1

22,000

1

35,000

1

9,000

9

22

""

No. 3, Gilman Street,

10

April

3

No. 201, Queen's Road West,

2

11,500

11

13

No. 29, Graham Street,-

1

400

12

24

"

No. 186, Wing Lok Street,

1

1

4,000

13

27

39

No. 89, Queen's Road West,

1

200

14

May

1.

No. 81, Jervois Street,

1

2

16,000

15

12

>>

No. 9, Chinese Street,

400

16

18

No. 55, Queen's Road West,.........

4

17

31

">

No. 15, Ship Street,

18

June

11

No. 58, Wing Lok Street,

1

300

19

21

No. 339, Queen's Road Central,

500

20

29

No. 114, Jervois Street,

1

1,000

21

July

6

No. 42, Queen's Road West,.

2

2

25,000

22

23

25

No. 139, Second Street,

11

6,000

23

24

"

Nos. 6 and 8, Peel Street,.

2

2,000

24

26

No. 17, Jervois Street,

1

1

10,000

>>

25

27

""

No. 19, Tank Lane,

200

26

August

15

No. 2, Cochrane Street,.

20

27

""

17 Jubilee Street,

4

14,000

:

28

19

39

No. 86, Hollywood Road,

1

2

2,000

29

>

28

No. 18, Lyndhurst Terrace,

12

4

80,000

30

September 26

No. 388, Queen's Road Central,

1

5,500

1

31

99

30

No. 110, Queen's Road Central,

1

32

30

33

October

4

No. 112, Queen's Road Central, No. 21, Chung Sau Lane West,

7,500 27,500

1

500

34

""

4 | 171, Queen's Road West,

3

1

10,000

35

""

22

No. 114, Queen's Road Central,

8,000

36

30

37

95

November 3

No. 217, Queen's Road West,

1

3,000

No. 46, Praya Central,

38

8

No. 18, Albany Street,

39

11

""

No. 53, East Street,

40

"

15

No. 99, Queen's Road East,

41

42

43

44

45 December 21

"

17

No. 103, Bonham Strand Central,

17

No. 39, Praya, Yaumati,

2

~

~

8,000

17

دو

Aberdeen Village,

18

No. 83, Jervois Street,

100 1,000 800 10,000 1,800 150 25,000

No. 115, Praya West,

4,000

359,770

TOTAL,......

FIRES, 1889.

NO. OF BUILDINGS

DESTROYED,

ESTIMATED AMOUNT

No.

DATE.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

OF PROPERTY

DESTROYED.

Wholly. Partly.

1

January

3

No. 1, Rozario Street,

2

$

2

7

No. 197, Queen's Road West,

1

3

February

6

No. 92, Wing Lok Street,.

1

1,000 2,000 20,000

April

12

No. 292, Queen's Road West,

May

5

No. 145, Bonham Strand,

1

20 300

9

No. 10, Wilmer Street,

10,000

""

June July

29

No. 242, Queen's Road West,

2

3,000

August

24

26

4 No. 227, Queen's Road West, No. 95, Hollywood Road,

September 16

No. 203, Queen's Road Central, No. 1, Wing Wo Street,

No. 112, Queen's Road Central,

No. 174, Third Street,

8

9

10

11

12

,,

21

13

21

;"

14

25

No. 220, Queen's Road Central,

15

"

29

No. 9, Hellier Street,

16

October

10

No. 42, Battery Street, Yaumati,

17

30

No. 154, Queen's Road Central,

18 November 4

19

20

21

No. 7, Nullah Lane,

5

99

No. 55, Queen's Road West,.

December 23

No. 334, Queen's Road Central,

""

30

No. 17, Bonham Strand,

TOTAL........

1

1,300

1

400

112

1,200

4,000

3

1

1,500

1

1

8,000

1

1,000

}

16,000

5,000

20,000

.$

98,223

1,500

2,000

1

+

137

No.

DATE.

10

14

>"

2

2

00-10CP 10 10 H

January

""

29

>>

"

February

5

7

18

26

28

No. 7, Station Street,......

No. 33, Tung Man Lane, No. 229, Praya West,

No. 8, Lyndhurst Terrace,

No. 23, Bonliam Strand,

FIRES, 1890.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

NO. OF BUILDINGS

DESTROYED.

Wholly. Partly.

3

1

ESTIMATED AMOUNT OF PROPERTY

DESTROYED.

1,000 500

8,000 10,000

- 400

1

No. 18, Gage Street,

300

No. 8, St. Francis Street,

550

19

23

7

12

13

14

15

28486

9

22

November 11 15 16 December 15

9

10

11

May

"

July

September 9

Blackhead & Co., Praya Central, No. 38, Gilman Bazaar,.

No. 47, Bonham Strand, No. 69. Upper Station Street, No. 112, Queen's Road Central,

No. 68, Bonham Strand,

N

The Hongkong Dispensary,

41,000

100,000

No. 12, Kwong Un Street, East, No. 32, Square Street,

·

3,000

1

500

1

30,000

1

100

I

N

TOTAL,...

2,000 250 6,000

203,600

No.

DATE.

FIRES, 1891.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

NO. OF BUILDINGS

DESTROYED.

ESTIMATED AMOUNT

OF PROPERTY

DESTROYED.

Wholly. Partly.

5

1

1

:

1 2 3

1031 ∞0

6

January February April

>>

July

-3 01 00 00

8

8

Nos. 170 and 172, Third Street,

No. 353, Queen's Road West,

No. 41. Hillier Street,

The Hongkong and China Bakery, Morrison Hill Road,

East Point,

No. 331, Queen's Road Central,

May

5

6

11

No. 280, Queen's Road Central, No. 72, Station Street, Yaumati,

TOTAL,

December 19 | No. 574, Wanchai Road,

No.

DATE.

FIRES, 1892.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

:

2 G

1

2

3,000 700

1,500

1

1,000

11,500

12,000

1,800

600

32,100

NO. OF BUILDINGS

DESTROYED.

ESTIMATED AMOUNT

OF PROPERTY

DESTROYED.

Wholly. Partly.

1

2

?>

16

""

29

April

January 10

13

21

No. 9, Queen's Road Central,

No. 528, Queen's Road West, No. 81, High Street,

I No. 26, Sai Wo Lane,

1

40,000

Bonham Strand,

3

Co

8,000

1

6,000

1

100

1,000

10

""

No. 17, Queen's Road West,..

400

11

""

No. 104, Queen's Road West,.

1,500

May

22

No. 17, Tank Lane,

1

250

9

Juve

21

No. 29, Centre Street,

1

100

10

July

11

August

18

12

3 No. 91, Wing Lok Street,.

21 No. 48, Queen's Road West,.

13 September 15 No. 80, Queen's Road West,...

14 December 8

No. 333, Queen's Road Central,

1

5,000

No. 49, Queen's Road West,

}

300

3,000

расотой разбиват

4

4,000

5,000

15

16

""

2223

20

No. 14, Jubilee Street,

No. 16, East Street,

300

600

TOTAL,........

75,550

!

138

No.

DATE.

FIRES, 1893.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

NO. OF BUILDINGS

DESTROYED.

Wholly. Partly.

ESTIMATED

AMOUNT OF PROPERTY

DESTROYED.

I

2

3

January

""

7

11

No. 73, Hollywood Road,

1

800

No. 79, Nullah Lane,....

]

300

18

No. 2, Square Street,.

1

10

February

11

No. 68, Jervois Street,

2

1

10,000

13

No. 101, Wing Lok Street,

1

6,000

March

22

No. 22. Holland Street,.

1

1

40,000

26

No. 301, Queen's Road West,

I

2

8,000

"

3

April

13

No. 87, Jervois Street,

1

2,000

9

25

No. 15, West Street,

800

10

27

29

No. 1, In On Lane,

19,000

11

May

13

No. 344, Queen's Road Central,

2,000

12

June

16

No. 406, Queen's Road West,

1

2,000

13

16

No. 28, Tsz Mi Lane,.

700

14

July

3

No. 191, Hollywood Road,

1

15

"

14

No. 19, Gough Street,

16

19

No. 280, Queen's Road West, ...

1

17

""

20

No. 12, Tung Loi Lane,

1,500

150 1,000 20,000

18

August

16

No. 337, Queen's Road West,

300

19

17

No. 32, Queen's Road West,

2,800

32

25

C

21

5

20

>>

September 5

No. 155, Second Street...

20,000

No. 7, Ezra Lane,

400

22

""

18

No. 248, Hollywood Road,

4,000

23

30

No. 127, Bonham Strand,

5,000

24

October

12

No. 14, Li Shing Street,

1

5,500

25

November 11

No. 115, Praya West,

26

11

No. 58, Square Street,

10 00

1

20,000

2

1

3,000

"

27

16

No. 5, Pan Kwai Lane,

1

1,000

28

21

No. 9, Tannery Lane,

1

40

29

23

No. 314A, Queen's Road Central,.

1

8,000

11

30

26

No. 22, Tsz Mi Lane,

1

1

5,500

31 December

4

No. 31, Wing Fung Street,

1

10

32

No. 131, Bonham Strand,

"

33

9

No. 11, Bonham Strand,

2

2,000 5,000

多步

34

10

*

No. 240, Queen's Road West,

9,000

35

13

No. 99, Praya West,

1

400

**

36

25

No. 100, Queen's Road West,

1

2,000

""

208,210

No.

DATE.

TIME.

TOTAL,....

FIRES, 1894.

NO. OF BUILDINGS

DESTROYED.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

ESTIMATED DAMAGE.

Wholly. Partly.

1

∞ ∞ ~ → CA CO 10 H

January

9

12.30 p.m.

No. 56 First Street,

1

800

2

14

8.45 p.m.

No. 13 U Lok Lane,

I

400

3

26

1.25 a.m.

February

1

7.55 a.m.

No. 273 Queen's Road West, No. 26 Market Street,

1,200

2,500

6

1.40 p.m.

14

>>

4.50 p.m.

7

25

;;

7 p.m.

8

March

7.30 a.m.

No. 57 Queen's Road West, No. 28 Upper Station Street, No. 86 Queen's Road West, No. 17 Salt Fish Street,

4,000

800

50

1,500

9

28

9.35 a.m.

No. 17 Upper Lascar Row,

1

5,000

""

10

April

4

11

17

27

9.20 p.m. 10.30 a.m.

No. 136 Bonham Strand,

6

150,000

No. 211 Hollywood Road,

2,000

12

28

9 a.m.

No. 63 Wanchai Road,

1,500

J

n

13

30

2 a.m.

,,

14

May

1

15

15

16

June

3

3 a.m.

7 p.m. 3 a.m.

No. 137 Queen's Road West, No. 15 Jervois Street,

No. 122 Queen's Road Central, No. 116 Queen's Road Central,

55,000

18,000

4,500

2,500

17

3

3.10 a.m.

18 July

10.25 p.m.

19

August

14

10.30 a..

20

21

""

21

92

October

""

2

2 a.m.

3

23

11

11

6.20 p.m.

24

24

>>

25

31

26 November 30

7.40 p.m.

27

December

}

10 p.m.

28

1

29

13

"}

5.30 p.m.

3.45 a.m.

11.30 p.m.

12.10 a.m.

10 p.m.

11.20 p.m.

No. 68 Jervois Street, No. 9 Sai On Lano,

No. 21 West Street, No. 2 Ship Street,

No. 127 Queen's Road West, No. 115 Queen's Road Central, No. 32 Bonham Strand,

No. 207 Queen's Road Central,

No. 183 Hollywood Road, No. 22 Queen's Road West,

No. 228 Queen's Road Central, No. 123 Queen's Road Central, No. 59 Square Street,

20,000

3,000

500

1

1

18,000

200

800

200

1

15,000

4.600

2,000

8,000

2,000

1

100

Total,.

....

323,650

..

:

FIRES, 1895.

139

No.

DATE.

TIME.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

NO. OF BUILDINGS DESTROYED.

ESTIMATED DAMAGE.

Wholly. Partly.

1

January

6

12

>>

7.45 p.m. 9.30 p.m.

18

""

5.45 p.m.

18

17

6.45 p.m.

21

9 p.m.

19

February

6

9.15 p.m.

10

1 a.m.

20

*

1.20 p.m.

9

March

2

6.40 p.m.

10

3

**

7 p.m.

House No. 230, Queen's Road Central, House No. 4, Wellington Street, House No. 189, Queen's Road Central, House No. 15. Mercer Street, House No. 337, Queen's Road West, House No. 73, Boubam Strand, House No. 149, Queen's Road Central, House No. 3, Wai Tak Lane, House No. 228, Queen's Road West, House No. 7, Li Shing Street,....

1

6.000

4,000

2.000

9,000

1.000

6,000

30

1

200

3

12,000

3,000

11

24

">

8 p.m.

12

26

8.30 p.m.

13

30

2.50 a.m.

14

April

6

3.25 a.m.

15

11

12 Noon

16

18

7 p.m.

>>

17

24

10.15 p.m.

House No. 96, Bonham Strand, House No. 212, Queen's Road West, House No. 352, Queen's Road Central, House No. 1, Queen's Street,

House No. 144, Queen's Road West, House No. 34, Bonbam Strand, House No. 19, Jervois Street,

Unknown.

3,000

5.000

5,000

3,000

1.000

I

12,000

""

18

June

14

3.05 a.m.

House No. 76, Jervois Street,

1

Not known.

19

July

29

4.50 a.m.

House No. 34, Winglok Street,

20

29

12.30 a mi.

House No. 3, Station Street,

1

"

21

22

August September 6

1 a.m.

House No. 70, Jervois Street,

10-10

5,000

800

22.000

3.45 a.m.

House No. 4. Praya Central, premises of

23

30

8.30 a.m.

??

24

October

5

12.50 a.m.

25

6

8.20 p.m.

27

26

15

11.15 p.m.

"

27

30

12.45 a.m.

28

November 21

7.35 p.m.

29

December 13

11.15 p.m.

80

13

31

16

I a.m.

4.30 p.m.

Messrs. Wieler & Co.,....

House No. 12, Nullah Terrace, Quarry Bay, House No. 169, Hollywood Road,

Matshed at Quarry Bay,

House No. 149, Queen's Road Central, American ship Wandering Jew, Victoria

Harbour,

House No. 111, Praya West,

A inatshed at Kun Chung,

A squatter's but on the Hillside at the back

of Shaukiwan Station,

House No. 110, Praya West,

1

100

1

700

1

3,000

1

500

1

100

150,000

6,000 200

: :

25 8,000

"

32

17

1a.m.

>>

33

23

1.35 a.m.

34

24

6 p.m.

35

30

1.10 a.m.

House 247, Quoon's Road Central, House No. 285, Queen's Road Ceutral, Houses Nos. 347 & 349, Queen's Road West, House No. 40, Qucen's Road West,................

15,000

4,000

5,325

2

5,000

Total,....

297,980

FIRES, 1896.

No.

DATE.

TIME.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

NO. OF BUILDINGS DESTROYED.

ESTIMATED DAMAGE.

Wholly. Partly.

1

- 3150 3 10 CO 1 - 30 o

January 15

16

7.45 p.m. 8.20 p.m.

25

10.30 p.m.

February

12.30 a.m.

6

1.00 a.m.

House No. 30, Wing Lok Street,. House No. 63. Queen's Road Central, House No. 205, Queen's Road West, House No. 302. Queen's Road West, House No. 56, Jervois Street,

2

2

$ 9,000

30

1

1,000

1

2,600

6,000

6

2.45 a.m.

House No. 57. Queen's Road West,

16,000

"

8

11.05 p.m.

House No. 133, Praya West,

6,000

26

4.25 a.m.

House No. 309, Queen's Road Central,

5,000

>>

9

10

11

March April

9

4.00 a.m.

House No. 367, Queen's Road Central,

5,000

1

5.10 a.m.

House No. 3, Wing Lok Street,

1

8,000

1

4.45 a.m.

House No. 288, Queen's Road West,

1

4,000

"

12

6

4.20 a.m.

House No. 21, Salt Fish Street,

1

8,700

>>

13

8

4.15 a.m.

House No. 13, Wing Woo Street,

2,000

14

22

1.15 a.m.

House No. 43, Praya West,

3,000

**

15

24

3.15 a.in.

House No. 15, Cockrane Street,

600

16

26

8.45 a.m.

17

27

10.15 a.m.

House No. 31, Belcher's St., Kennedy Town, Honse No. 238, Hollywood Road,

3,500

:

18

29

9.50 p.m.

>>

19

May

9

20

14

10.15 p.m.

**

21

June

5

9.20 p.m.

22

15

7.30 a.m.

23

29

3.30 p.m.

24 August

14

3.10 p.m.

25 October

28

2.10 p.m.

26

November

5

12.40 a.m.

27

21

3.20 a.m.

28

December

8

8.30 p.m.

29

10

>>

30

21

House No. 115, Praya West,

1.10 a.m. House No. 12, Sutherland Street,

1.00 a.m.

House No. 73, Jervois Street,

House No. 3, Tsz Mi Lane,

Licensed Cargo Boat No. 69,

On board the British barque Glen Caladh,. House No. 10, Ship Street,

House No. 187, Wing Lok Street,

House No. 109, Queen's Road West,

House No. 138, Queen's Road West,

House No. 18, New Street,

House No. 10, Queen's Road West, House No. 63, Bonham Strand,

2,000

2,300

50

6,000

1,290

1

4,500 Unknown.

600 7,000

25

200

1

1,000

200

Trifling.

Total......

105,595

No.

DATE.

TIME.

FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1897.

No. of

BUILDINGS

SITUATION OF FIRE.

DESTROYED.

ESTIMATED

DAMAGE.

CAUSE.

Wholly. Partly.

1 Jan.

12 | 10.30 p.m.

On board the S.S. Fausang,

2

3 Feb.

18 10.15 p.m.

House No. 138, Jervois Street,

}

""

4.20 a.m.

House No. 213, Praya West,

1

11

1.20 p.m.

House No. 24, Cross Street,

10

15

9.15 a.m.

Government Offices, Lower Albert Road,

:

"

REMARKS.

140

:

500

25,000

17,000

1

300

200

Spontaneous combustion among the bales of cotton. Falling of a kerosine lamp,.

Accidentally set fire by occupants while wor- shipping.

Unknown,

A boiling bucket of tar on the roof being upset became ignited and set fire to the rafters.

1

I

20,000

Unknown,

1

1

4,000

:

:

:

Insured in the Office of Messrs. Jardine Matheson & Co.

Insured with Messrs. Carlowitz & Co. for $25,000.

The 1st floor was insured for $1,800 with Mitsui Bussan Kaisha Coy, and the ground floor in differ- ent Offices for $15,000.

The ground floor was insured in the Miiji Fire In- surance, Mitsui Bussan Kaisha Coy. Agents, for $2,200, the 1st and 2nd floors were family houses.

Was insured for $18,500. ·

Accident with a kerosine Insured with the Manchester Fire Insurance Coy. for

lamp.

200

Unknown,

24,000

Unknown,

1

3,000

Arson,

:

3,000

Sparks from an earthen furnace in the 'tween decks which was being used for the purpose of fumigating the luggage of the 97,200 Chinese passengers.

$3,200. Messrs. Holliday Wise & Co. are the local Agents.

Insured with the North British Mercantile Fire In- surance Coy, for $4,850 Messrs. Shewan Tomes & Co. are the local Agents.

Insured with Chun On Fire Insurance Coy. for $3,500, No. 353 and the 1st floor of 351 was insured with Hongkong Fire Insurance Coy. for $10,000 and the Atlas Fire Insurance Coy. for $11,000.

The ground and 2nd floors were insured with the South British Fire Insurance Coy. for $7,000 and the 1st floor with the Transatlantic Fire Insurance Coy. for $2,000. Kung Pak Tit, 38, Master; Chan Pui Tin, 35, Accountant; and Kwong Ying Lun, 18, Cook were suffocated to death, Six men, the occupants of the ground and 2nd floors, were charged with arson. 1st defendant was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment with hard labour at the Supreme Court and the rest were discharged.

6

28

1.35 a.m.

House No. 124, Jervois Street,

""

7 April

1

1.20 a.m.

House No. 14, Cross Street,

8

12.30 a.m.

House No. 128, Queen's Road Central,

9

11 2.24 a.m.

House No. 351, Queen's Road Central,

2

.....

10

21

5.25 a.m.

House No. 99, Jervois Street,.

11

21

""

10.15 p.m.

On board S.S. Belgic,

Carried forward,..

FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1897,-Continued.

No. of

BUILDINGS

No.

DATE.

TIME.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

DESTROYED.

ESTIMATED

DAMAGE.

Cause.

Wholly Partly.

Brought forward,.

$97,200

12 April 25

1.55 a.m.

House No. 95, Winglok Street,

1

5,000

Unknown,

13 May

11

7.40 p.m.

House No. 8, Cross Street,

1

700

Unknown,

14

20

1.45 a.m.

House No. 71, Jervois Street,....

:

:

2

13,050

Unknown,

"

15 June

15

2.30 a.m.

House No. 114, Jervois Street,

3

34,000

Unknown,

16 July

23

10 p.m.

Hongkong Hotel, Queen's Road Central,

17

27

11.55 p.m.

18 Aug.

3

4.15 p.m.

House No. 248, Queen's Road West, House No. 15, Praya, Fuk Tsun Heung,

19

22

2.5 a.m.

House No. 213, Queen's Road West,

"

20 Sept.

4

21

18

""

1

223

19

1.15 p.m.

7.15 a.m.

12.20 p.m.

24 11.35 p.m.

7 p.m.

House No. 5, "Wild Dell,”.

House No. 64, Third Street, House No. 53, Stanley Village,

23 Nov.

225

24

24

""

25

28

7.10 a.m.

19

26 Dec.

22

1.15 p.m.

H. M. Naval Yard,

House No. 122, Second Street,

House No. 16, Tung Loi Street,..

House No. 49, Quarry Bay,

TOTAL,...

REMARKS.

1

300

1

300

Unknown,

+

7,000

Accident with fireworks,

600

Upsetting of

lamp.

a

6,900

Unknown,

1

600

Not insured.

Overheating by a boiler.

Insured with the Hongkong Fire Insurance Coy, for $6,000 and the South British Fire Insurance Coy. for $6,000.

Insured with the North British Mercantile Fire In- surance Coy. for $6,000, Messrs. Shewan Tomes & Co. are the local Agents.

Insured with the Northern Assurance Coy. for $15,000. Messrs. Turner & Co. are the local Agents.

Insured with the Transatlantic Fire Insurance Coy. for $24,500 and for $2,000 in the Sun Fire In- surance Coy., Messrs. Siemssen & Co. are the local Agents.

The ground floor was insured for $800 with the Chun On Fire Insurance Coy.

Not insured. The charred remains of two bodies were found in the ruins.

kerosine The ground and 1st floors were insured for $1,200 with Messrs. Carlowitz & Co.

Accident with a lighted

Insured with the Miiji Insurance Coy. for $10,000.

lamp.

1

300

Carelessness with a lighted match.

Not insured.

1

1,200

Accident while worship-

Not insured.

ping,

The charred remains of 15 bodies were found in the building.

10

3,000

Upsetting of a kerosine

Not insured.

lamp.

1

5,000

:

:

Accident with a kerosine | Insured with Messrs. Butterfield & Swire for $4,000.

lamp.

I

2,000

Unknown,

$177,150

F. H. MAY, Superintendent of Fire Brigade.

141

No.

DATE.

TIME.

INCIPIENT FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1897.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

ESTIMATED

DAMAGE.

CAUSE.

REMARKS.

142

De.,

Do.,

Do.,

Chimney on fire.

Extinguished by occupants.

Extinguished by Police, about 70 fir trees slightly scorched.

Extinguished by Coolies engaged.

Extinguished by Police.

Do.

and Coolies.

A lamp placed in an alcove set fire to the Extinguished by occupants. Not insured.

1 Jun. 1

3.30 a.m.

2

2

""

House No. 110, Wellington Street, Stanley Road,

Trifling

"

Bed curtains accidentally set on fire, Grass on fire,

CC

-10 01 00

2

"

2 p.m.

Hillside near Tai Tam Tuk,

Hillside near Ngan Tau Wan,.

"

9

13

25

Hillside near Aberdeen Road, Queen's Road West,....

9

Feb. 25

27

March 9

10

??

}

12

16

""

13 April 3

8.30 p.m.

11 a.m.

6.15 a.m.

8.25 p.m.

6.55 p.m.

3.45 p..

8.50 a.m.

House No. 14, Jubilee Street,..

House No. 153, Second Street,

""

}}

14

#

">

lintel.

Chimucy on fire,

Carelessness with joss sticks.

Chimney on fire,

Flaring up of a kerosine lamp,.

Blinds caught fir

Carelessness with a lighted candle, Chimney on fire,

Smoking near dry grass.

Wooden hood of cook house chimney caught fire.

Capsizing of boiling tar on the roof. Arson,

Overheated flue set fire to the beams,. Burning of joss paper ignited a mosquito

curtain.

""

House No. 104, Queen's Road East,

""

House No. 30, Stanley Street,

"}

House No. 11, Wellington Street,

>>

On the hills between Tai Tam Tuk and Sheko, Stag Hotel, Queen's Road Central,.

Grass on fire,.

""

$1.50

14

6

"

11 p.m.

Fuk Tsun Heung Village,

Trifling

15

IS

1.30 p.m.

House No. 131, First Street,

16

May

4

10.50 p.m.

House No. 41, Third Street,

""

17

19

3.50 a.in.

House No. 1, Sun Wai Lane,

>>

18

19

9.45 a.m.

Praya West,

19

20

21

21

1.45 a.m.

وو

20

26

11 a.m.

House No. 231, Queen's Road Central,

Kellett's Bungalow,

""

30

1.30 p.m.

House No. 4, Kan Ü Fong,.....

$60

Trifling

22

31

23

31

6.30 p.m.

7.15 p.a.

House No. 79, Praya East,

House No. 64, Wellington Street,

$30

34

June

6

25

11

"

26

25

גי

28

Aug. 10

30

11

27 July 4

29 Sept.

7.45 p.m.

3.30 p.m.

9 p.m

House No. 16, Pokfulam Road,

House No. 54, Wellington Street, House No. 91, Queen's Road West,

6 p.m.

On deck of S.S. Benalder,

9 p.n.

House No. 31, Graham Street,

دو

4.45 p.m.

9.20 pun.

House No. 22, Upper Lascar Row,

House No. 1, On Ning Lane,

31

32

25

28

4 a.m.

House No. 24, West Street,

$2

House No. 122, Queen's Road Central,

33

28

"

I p.m.

On the hill near the Military Barracks at Stanley,.

34

Oct.

8 a.m.

House No. 32, Nullah Lane,

$10

35

8

5 p.m.

House No. 22 Upper Lascar Row,

...

Chimney on fire.

Some wood caught fire,

Extinguished by Fire Brigade.

Put out by Police and occupants.

About 150 acres of grass and shrub burnt. Put out by Firemen.

Extinguished by the Police and inhabitants. Extinguished by Firemen from No. 7 Station.

The accountant of the shop was convicted of arson and sentenced to 5 years' hard labour. Extinguished by the Servants and Police. Extinguished by the occupants and Firemen from No. 5 Station.

Extinguished by the Godown Keeper.

Ignition of curtain from a kerosine lamp,. Put out by occupants assisted by Police.

Upsetting of a kerosine lamp.

Do.

Attempted arson,

Spontaneous combustion of sulphuric acid. Falling of a lamp, -

Chimney on fire.

A man was seen attempting to set fire to the house, but escaped over the roof.

Extinguished by Sergt. McLennan. Put out by occupants and Firemen,

Spontaneous combustion of coke stored | Put out by Firemen from No. 7 Station,

Carelessness with joss sticks,

before cooling.

Chimney on fire,

Grass on fire,

Overheated flue set fire to the beams,

Extinguished by inmates and Sergeant Collett. Extinguished by occupants.

A few trees damaged.

Insured with the China Fire Insurance Coy. for $3,500.

No. DATE.

TIME.

INCIPIENT FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1897,—Continued.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

36

37

38

39

888998

Oct. 14

18

""

1.36 p.m.

12.30 a.m.

House No. 94, Queen's Road West, House No. 58, Lower Lascar Row,.

22

24

1 a.m.

House No. 8, Praya Central, Matshed at Jardine's Gardens,

"

==

House No. 4, West Street,

House No. 5, Centre Street,

ESTIMATED

DAMAGE.

CAUSE.

REMARKS.

Accidental ignition of gas.

Mosquito curtain set on fire by an inmate

who was drunk.

Chimney on fire.

$1.00

...

$75.00

:

$5

Attempted arson, .....

Cook house accidentally caught fire.

A quantity of firewood in the cook house caught fire.

Overheating of a smoke stack, Chimuey on fire,

A wooden shed on the roof caught fire, Flooring of cook house caught fire,. Chimney on fire,

Overheating of cook house fiue, Chimney on fire,

Overheated flue set fire to a beam.

A pile of wood stacked caught fire, Some tea lying on the floor for drying caught fire.

Chimney on fire,

The roof a wooden structure caught fire, Some old clothing caught fire,..

Grass on fire,..

Some baskets caught fire,...

Chimney on fire,

$384.50

Two mats saturated with keresine were found in front of the shed. A woman was charged with arson and was acquitted at the Supreme Court.

Insured with Messrs. Bradley & Co. for $3,000. Extinguished by Police.

Do.

Extinguished by the occupants. Extinguished by Police.

Extinguished by Police and occupants. Insured with Meyer & Co. for $12,500. Extinguished by Police and occupants. Do.

Extinguished by the Fire Brigade. Put out by Police and occupants.

Put out by Police.

Put out by occupants.

Do.

Extinguished by Police and occupants. Extinguished by Police assisted by Coolies. Extinguished by occupants.

40

77

41

25

25

>>

11.30 p.m.

42

Nov.

43

>>

44

12

59

45

15

3325

6.50 p.m.

Stoke's Bungalow West,

7 p.m.

4 a.m.

House No. 123, Wellington Street,

House No. 122, Winglok Street,....

8

>>

pon.

House No. 46, Stanley Street,

46

21

House No. 171, Queen's. Road Central,

17

21

وو

10 p.m.

House No. 42, Praya West,

$50

49

23

2.24 a.m.

House No. 12, West Street,

49

23

>>

12 p.m.

House No. 46, Stanley Street,

50

25

1.50 a.m.

Reclamation ground near Sai Ying Pun Nullah,

$100

>>

51

25

House No. 103, Queen's Road Central,

52

26

House No. 135, Wellington Street,

وو

53

30

11.15 a.m.

House No. II, Stanley Village,

54

Dee.

7

55

16

56

19

57

20

A

10 p.m.

11 a.m.

9.37 p..

House No. 23, West Street,. Hillside at Wong Ma Kok, House No. 78, Winglok Street,

House No. 12, Jervois Street,.

F. H. MAY,

Superintendent of Fire Brigade.

143

HONGKONG.

No.

REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF VICTORIA GAOL FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

:79

4

98

VICTORIA GAOL, HONGKONG, 31st January, 1898.

SIR-I have the honour to submit for the information of His Excellency the Governor the following report on the Victoria Gaol for the year 1897.

2. Mr. LETHBRIDGE had charge of the Gaol up to the 30th March, when he left the Colony and I assumed charge.

3. The number of prisoners admitted to the Gaol under sentence of the ordinary Courts was 4,711, besides 48 soldiers and sailors sentenced by Courts-Martial.

There were also 54 prisoners imprisoned for debt, and 263 in default of finding security, making a grand total of 5,076; of these 606 were old offenders.

4. The corresponding numbers for last year were:—

Convicted by ordinary Courts, 5,414; by Courts-Martial, 50; Debtors, 63; in default of

security, 55. Total for 1896, 5,582.

5. The daily average number of prisoners confined in the Gaol during the year was 462 as com- pared with 514 in 1896.

I attribute the decrease to the abolition of the Light and Pass regulations, and to the narrowing of the limits within which hawking is permitted in the vicinity of the markets in Victoria.

6. There were 2,619 reports made by the Prison Officers against prisoners for prison offences, compared with 3,887 in 1896, and 5,365 in the year 1895.

7. Discipline has been well maintained, and I am of opinion that the marked decrease is due to greater efficiency of supervision on the part of the Gaol Staff, and to a better appreciation of prison discipline on the part of the prisoners.

The reports during the year were dealt with as follows:---

One hundred and thirty-one cases were dismissed on the report, in the majority of instances,

of the Medical Officer. In 521 cases a caution was given, and

139 were punished with rice and water for 1 day.

254

116

""

""

91

2 days. 3

204 with solitary confinement and rice and water for 1 day.

231

263

30

48

>>

""

??

""

2 days. 3

""

5

19

31

"

""

7

17

""

80 bread and water for 1 day.

63

29

})

""

2 days. 3

37 solitary confinement on bread and water for 1 day.

26

31

9

"}

>>

""

>>

""

""

""

,,

2 days. 3

""

7

""

61 whippings by Superintendent. 13 Prisoners were twice whipped. The actual

number of prisoners whipped was therefore 48.

52 extra crank.

78

17 loss of marks.

shot and stone.

47 separate confinement.

60 to shot and stone.

59 to crank.

33 punishments awarded by the Superintendent and Justice of the Peace of.

Total,...1,967

which 8 were whippings.

80

8. The new rules and regulations for the Prison came into force on the 29th of March, and the power given under them to the Superintendent to award a maximum of 7 days' solitary confinement, and a maximum of 42 days' separate confinement upon full and penal or reduced penal diet in alternate weeks, has been exercised with marked effect.

9. There were 735 prisoners reported for refusing to labour during the year.

This offence in a prison filled principally with Chinese is a difficult one to deal with.

Since I have had charge of the Gaol I have only known one European who refused to labour. As a rule Europeans prefer to labour than to sit idle. Chinese prisoners on the other hand, with very few exceptions, would be content to sit in a cell from one year's end to another and do nothing.

This extreme apathy tends to induce to refusing to labour and undoubtedly accounts for the obstinacy with which Chinese prisoners will persist in refusing to labour.

I have found separate confinement on full and penal or reduced penal diet in alternate weeks the most efficacious punishment in obstinate cases of this extremely troublesome offence.

10. The number of prisoners reported for having tobacco during the year shows a further decrease. Three Indian Assistant Warders were dismissed during the last 9 months of the year for traffick- ing with prisoners, and since their dismissal the number of cases in which tobacco has been found on prisoners has materially decreased.

In November and December there were four such cases, but during those months there have been several free labourers at work in the Gaol.

11. I attach a return shewing details regarding all the whippings that were inflicted during the past year.

12. The profit in industrial labour during the year amounted to $2,620.08. The balance sheets for each industry are shown in enclosure E.

13. The report from the Gaol Medical Officer shows 4 deaths from natural causes, and 2 cases of suicide during the year.

The sanitary condition of the Gaol is good.

14. A modern apparatus has been constructed for the carrying out of executions.

15. A new fire main, with 3 hydrants, has been laid within the Prison walls, and a complete new set of fire-extinguishing appliances has also been supplied.

16. On the 22nd November a commencement was made in carrying out the improvements in the Gaol originally suggested by my predecessor in C.S.O. 1937 together with some additions in the matter of separate cells recommended by myself.

The principal of the suggested improvements within the Gaol were the increase of yard space by the demolition of D wing; the subdivision of a number of association cells into separate cells; and the extension of the female prison.

D wing has already been pulled down and, with the materials removed from it, 89 association cells are being rapidly converted into separate cells. Almost the whole of the labour is supplied by prisoners. The work is therefore being carried out at very small cost.

There were formerly in the Prison 248 separate cells and 115 association cells.

Within the next 6 months when the subdivision now in progress will be completed, there will be 427 separate cells, and 26 association cells, which will afford accommodation for 453 prisoners in separate confinement. In cases of necessity 104 extra prisoners can be accommodated by putting 5 prisoners in each association cell, making the total capacity of the Prison 557.

With 427 separate cells it will be possible in all ordinary times to locate every convicted criminal prisoner in a separate cell. This Prison will then be in as satisfactory a condition as it seems possible to render it on the present site.

17. The conduct of the Gaol Staff has been, on the whole, very good. I have already stated in paragraph 5 that the record of prison offences for the year gives evidence of increased efficiency in supervision.

Great credit is due to the Chief Warder for this result, to which the Principal Warders also have contributed materially by the example they have shown of tact and discretion in dealing with prisoners, and by the steady enforcement of discipline.

18. During the year 11 European Warders have been engaged locally. They have been drawn from H. M.'s Naval and Military Forces and have given satisfaction.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY.

F. H. MAY,

Superintendent.

(A.)

VICTORIA GAOL.

Return of Reports for talking, idling, short oakum picking, &c., in the years 1894, 1895, 1896 and 1897.

MONTH.

1894. Daily average number in Prison, 455.

1895. Daily average number

in Prison, 472.

81

1896.

1897.

Daily average number | Daily average number

in Prison, 514.

in Prison, 462.

January,

February,

March,

April,

122

301

214

200

166

314

209

161

209

223

249

147

180

236

257

154

May, June, July, August,

September,

223

295

270

191

179

311

261

166

211

447

191

142

187

374

192

159

410

346

213

132

October,

441

309

174

160

November,

363

273

174

151

December,

205

225

188

140

Total,

2,896

3,654

2,592

1,903

(B.)

Return of Offences reported of Prisoners fighting with or assaulting each other, or Officers, for the years 1894, 1895, 1896 and 1897.

MONTH.

1894.

1895.

in Prison, 472.

1896.

Daily average number Daily average number Daily average number

in Prison, 455.

in Prison, 514.

1897.

Daily average number in Prison, 462.

January,

6

Nil.

4

February,

March,

April,

19

5

1

1

12

3

4

3

12

2

May,

June,

12

12

1

16

July,

4

August,

September,

3

October,

7

10

November,

5

December,

7

+69203 co

4

1

2

4

2

2

4

1

3

8

Total,.

95

.69

28

34

(C.)

Return of Offences of Prisoners having Tobacco for the years 1894, 1895, 1896 and 1897.

1894.

MONTH.

1895. Daily average number Daily average number

in Prison, 455.

in Prison, 472.

1896.

1897. Daily average number Daily average number

in Prison, 514.

in Prison, 462.

January,

18

February,

18

15

2

1

March,

13

11

4

April,

10

17

1

May,

7

3

1

June,

11

11

1

July,

10

3

August,

10

6

September,.

8

20

October,

12

15

November,

6

4

December,

3

Q 10 6 00 00 10

2

6

6

8

5

O-347D20-122

Total,

117

126

42

30

82

(D.)

Comparative Return of Prisoners confined in Victoria Gaol on the 31st December, for the years 1894, 1895, 1896 and 1897.

CONVICTION.

1894.

1895.

1896.

1897.

1st,

2nd,

3rd,

4th,

5th,

6th,

366

340

444

321

63

54

60

56

21

21

23

27

12

20

10

9

9

24

11

4

7

7th,

8th,

9th,

10 4 2 2

1

1

422

7

3 2

2

2

10th,

11th,

12th,

1

13th,

Total,............

488

472

568

430

Dr.

(E.)

Abstract of Industrial Labour, Victoria Gaol, for the year 1897.

OAKUM.

Cr.

1897.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1897,. $ 640.80 1897.

By Oakum sold during the year,

""

Cost of Paper Stuff purchased

""

during the Year,

2,209.45

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1897,

$ 2,989.64

871.00

Profit,

1,010.39

Total,......

3,860.61

Total,.....$

3,860.64

COIR.

1897.

""

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1897,. $ 191.31

Cost of Material purchased during

1897.

دو

By Matting, &c., sold during the year, $ 1,562.19

Articles made for Gaol use,

37.67

the year,..

1,029.13

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1897,

500.20

Profit,..

879.62

Total,..

.$

2,100.06

Total,.........$

2,100.06

NET-MAKING.

1897.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1897,. Cost of Material purchased during

1897.

the year,...

$ 78.92

Profit,......

67.98

Total,...$

146.90

By Nets and Nettings sold and re-

93

paired,

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1897,

$

145.00

1.90

Total,............$

146.90

;

i

...

TAILORING.

1897.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1897,. $ 1.81

Cost of Material purchased during

22

the year,......

Profit,....

1,283.94

53.70

Total,...... ...$

1,339.45

1897.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1897,. Cost of Material purchased during

""

the year,..

$

83

1897.

By Articles sold and repaired,

$

""

Work done for Gaol,...

46.67 1,290.50

Stock on haud, 31st December,

1897,

2.28

PRINTING.

1897.

13.65

87.55

Profit,

Total,.....

101.20

Total,...... ...$

1,339.45

By Printing done for outside,.. Printing done for Gael,

دو

$ 2.95 98.05

""

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1897,

.20

BOOK-BINDING.

Total,......

101.20

1897.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1897,. $

2.30

1897.

"

Cost of Material purchased during

By Book-binding and repairing done

for outside,....

$

29.65

the year,...

35.05

""

Book-binding and repairing done

for Gaol,

36.00

Profit,....

33.10

""

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1897,

4.80

Total,.......

70.45

Total,...$

70.45

SHOE-MAKING.

1897.

""

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1897,. Cost of Material purchased during

1.70

1897.

By Articles sold and repaired during

the year,..

the year,..

24.74

Work done for Gaol,.

""

35

Profit,

9.24

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1897,

- 2.15

31.25

2.28

Total,............$

35.68

Total,............$

35.68

WASHING.

1897. To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1897,. $ 28.57

,, Cost of Material purchased during

1897.

By Washing done for which cash $

was received,...

1.00

the year,...

605.59

Washing done for Prison Officers

276.61

at 1 cent per piece,

Profit,...

412.79

Washing Prisoner's Clothing at

752.34

""

1 cent per piece,

Stock on hand, 31st December,

17.00

Total,......

1,046.95

1897,

Total,.......

..

1,046.95

84

GRASS MATTING.

By Matting, &c. sold during the year, Matting made for Gaol use,..........

11

"J

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1897,

1897.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1897,. $ 1.35 1897.

Cost of Material purchased during

99

the year,...

35.57

Profit,......

8.90

Total,.......

45.82

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1897,. Cost of Material purchased during

1897.

"

RATTAN.

1897.

68.86

10.44

year,

$

Profit,

Total,......

79.30

TIN-SMITHING.

1.96 42.90

.96

Total,.......

45.82

By Articles sold during the year,

Articles made for Gaol use,

""

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1897,

$3

73.25

6.05

Total,...

..$

79.30

1897.

>>

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1897,. Cost of Material purchased during

2.77

1897.

By Work done for outside,.

3.44

Work done for Gaol,.

58.37

the year,.......

59.94

""

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1897,

9.05

Profit,.

8.15

Total,...........$

70.86

Total,......

70.86

CARPENTERING.

1897.

93

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1897,. Cost of Material purchased during

3.53 1897.

the year,.......

116.49

Profit,........

38.22

Total,............$

158.24

1897.

Oakum, Coir,

Net-making, Tailoring,.

Printing,

Book-binding,

Shoe-making,

Washing,

Grass Matting,

Rattan Work,

Tin-smithing,

Carpentering,

By Articles sold and repaired during

the year,...

Work done for Gaol,................. Stock on hand, 31st December,

1897,

RECAPITULATION.

$

18.50

133.18

6.56

Total,............$

153.24

$1,010.39 879.62 67.98

1897. By Surplus,

$ 2,620.08

53.70

87.55

33.10

9.24

412.79

8.90

10.44

8.15

38.22

Total,...$ 2,620.08

Total,........

$

2,620.08

i

1

AVERAGE

NUMBER

OFFENCES FOR WHICH FLOGGINGS WERE INFLICTED.

RETURN OF FLOGGINGS IN THE GAOL DURING THE YEAR 1897.

NUMBER OF PRISONERS FLOGGED MORE THAN ONCE

NUMBER OF FLOGGINGS

OF 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, & 20 STROKES.

Refusing to

Number of floggings ordered by

Superintendent alone.

Number of floggings ordered by

Supt. and Visiting Justices.

Number of floggings ordered by

Judge.

Number of floggings ordered by

Magistrate.

Total No. of floggings.

OF

By

DATE.

PRISONERS

IN

GAOL.

and

Visiting

Justices.

By Superin- By tendent Superin-

tendent.

By

Judge.

Magis- Total.

trate.

January,

541

1

February,.

471

March,

489

:.

:

:

:

6

426

2

438

:

432

2

442

432

:

:

:.

432

2

TOTAL,.

431

:..

1

...

:

1

1

3

3

2

T

13

N

...

1

:

6

12

10

5

12

2

4

N

:.

:..

T

14

16

...

:

4

4

*

6

9

6

10

Personal violence to a

fellow-prisoner.

Using threatening lan-

guage to an officer,

truction of prison pro- Wilful and malicious des-

perty.

Creating a

disturbance

when under punishment.

Attempting to commit

suicide.

quiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means.

Acts of insubordination re-

Four times.

More than four

times.

Labour.

Personal violence to an

officer.

Three times.

12 15 18 20

9 | 8

7

2

-

19 4

6

18

4

...

:

5

7

17

6

2

16

+

:

-

2

3

1

3

7

15

:

3

4

...

11

...

28

61

:

I

5

5

9

:

1

I

:

:.

3

1

3

I

1

14

3

లు

1

:

.5 12

2

8

:

12

6

7

00

8

71

1 1

:

T

2

to

4

:

3

2

2 3

1

I

1

2 2

2

...

1

:

...

:

:

11

:

10

5

-

141 23 22

3

4

F:

-

:.

2

1

4

1

1

1

3

1

2

1

119

65 11

17

6 14

:

:

12

1

:.

:..

6

9

1

:.

1

2

14

4

1

85

HONGKONG. No. 198.

SIR,

69

No. 2

98

HONGKONG.

FURTHER PAPERS RESPECTING THE PROPOSED

NEW GOVERNMENT OFFICES.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

(Secretary of State to Governor.)

DOWNING STREET,

9th October, 1897.

I have the honour to forward, for your consideration, the enclosed copy of a Report by the Consulting Architects on the plans of the proposed new Government Buildings at Hongkong.

2. In view of this Report I consider that the general arrangement of the buildings should be further carefully considered by you, and if you are prepared to recommend the adoption of the suggestions of Messrs. WEBB & BELL, I request that you will send home revised outline or sketch plans to be again referred to the Consulting Architects.

3. These plans should show clearly the general arrangements proposed, but need not give details or be highly finished up; the details can be proceeded with, when the further Report from the Consulting Architects is received.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient, humble Servant,

&C.,

Governor Sir W. ROBINSON, G.C.M.G.,

&c.,

&c.

SELBORNE,

for the Secretary of State.

GENTLEMEN,

(Messrs. Aston Webb & E. Ingress Bell to Crown Agents.)

19, QUEEN ANNE'S GATE, WESTMINSTER S.W., September 15, 1897.

Hongkong--Plans for Government Buildings--Reqn. 2642.

Having carefully considered the matter and after two interviews with Mr. GALE, we beg to report as follows:-

We are of opinion that the best method of providing a secure foundation for the buildings is by piling with hard wood piles as proposed. But we would urge that instead of grouping the piles under each column, they should be placed at equal distances along the frontage, that their heads should be connected by a grillage in the usual way, and that the Portland cement concrete laid thereon should be continuous. By this construction there would be less likelihood of a dislocation of the entablatures of the colonnade, by the subsidence of any individual point of support.

With reference to the question of cost, we are of opinion that a less costly style of building cannot properly be adopted considering the uses and importance of the buildings. Granite is the local, and, indeed, almost the only available, inaterial, and as the cost of granite, worked and set, is in Hongkong only the price of Bath stone in England, we do not think its use, for the proposed Government buildings, in any way extravagant.

We

may as well say here that we have had a careful detailed estimate prepared and priced in accordance with the Government schedule in local use; although the cost appears an astonishingly low one, for buildings of this character, our inquiries have all tended to confirm the official estimate.

70

With reference to the plans under consideration, we think it right to say that considering the difficulties of the site and area, under which they have been pre- pared, great ingenuity has been shown in meeting the requirements as far as possible, but we cannot consider them an altogether satisfactory solution of the problem.

The order of procedure in the Law Courts in Hongkong does not differ in essentials from that which obtains in England, and the provisions requisite for the orderly and convenient working of the establishment are, generally speaking, the same. There should be a Central Hall, large, lofty, well-lighted and well- ventilated, for the use of the general public having business with the Courts. and to which the public should be almost entirely restricted. From this Hall, direct access should be had to each Court through intervening lobbies. There should be at least two Waiting Rooms for Witnesses immediately wanted. There should be a "Bar" corridor and Reading Room which would be limited to the use of the Bar or, at most, shared by the Judges. There should be a Solicitors' Corridor, with suitable consultation rooms which are most desirable for use in the intervals of the sitting of the Courts. There should be a Prisoners' Entrance, and Detention Rooms, whither they could be directly brought for trial, and whence they could reach, by a special route, the steps leading immediately to the Dock, and by which they could also be removed after sentence.

The Judges and the Bar should have equally distinct entrance and exit, from the purlieus of the Courts. The several accessories should be arranged for the particular use of Judge, Bar, Jury, Witnesses and Public, and placed accordingly. We submit that, in respect of some of the above points, the plans, as they stand, are defective and in others deficient.

We are given to understand that the Registrar's Department and the space allotted to the Bailiffs and Interpreters are necessarily placed on the Ground Floor of the Court block and that the area allotted to them cannot be reduced. This being so we can only come to the conclusion, that the area of Plot No. 1 is in- sufficient for the proper housing of the legal offices. A glance at the plan will show that the arrangements are already somewhat congested and that there is no adequate space available for the proper disposition of the necessary rooms as above indicated, and would render any future extensión impossible.

Plot No. 2 is, on the other hand, somewhat sparsely occupied. The handsome western frontage with its double-storied colonnade is for the most part a screen, to small and unimportant offices and the entire centre part of the upper floor, on the north front, is a mere shell to protect from the direct rays of the sun the skylight, which gives a borrowed light to the Entrance Hall of the Post Office. We cannot but regard the interruption of the public footway by the raised portion outside the Delivery Office, as an inconvenience to the public which should be avoided, It will therefore be seen that, while Plot No. 1 appears insufficient for its pur- pose, Plot No. 2 is somewhat in excess of the requirements, and we would suggest for consideration the following schemes:-

Scheme A.-Placing the Courts and their accessories on Plot No. 2 and the Post Office, &c. on Plot No. 1. This would necessitate the raising of a cen- tral portion of the Post Office building an extra storey which could be reached by lifts, and taking into consideration the expensive character of the foundations the further utilisation of the site, in this manner, seems an economical one.

Scheme B.-The Plots Nos. 3 and 4 (on the accompanying sketch), now the property of the Bank, could perhaps be acquired, and, if so, their cost would be less now than after the other available building and space has been occupied.

We would propose that the Sanitary Board and the Department of Public Works should be located on Plot No. 3, the Colonial Secretary and Treasurer on Plot No. 4, the Post Office on Plot No. 1, and the Law Courts, &c. on the ampler Plot No. 2.

This would concentrate the Government Establishment giving sufficient room for each and facilitate their natural intercourse. It would avoid overcrowd- ing which is especially undesirable and probably leave some margin for any exten- sion which may hereafter be found desirable.

Pending some further discussion of the question from these points of view, it is perhaps premature to offer any remarks on the details of the designs, which you have referred to us.

We return herewith the six drawings and the original papers forwarded to us with your letter of July 27th.

We are, &c.,

ASTON WEBB & E. INGRESS BELL,

REPORT BY THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS ON COLONIAL

OFFICE DESPATCH No. 198 OF 1897, REGARDING

THE NEW GOVERNMENT OFFICES, &c.

71.

1. The Report of the Consulting Architects practically condemns the plans sub- mitted in toto. With regard to the Courts much of the accommodation which they consider essential is absent, and the space on Plot I is too limited to admit of the construction of such a Court and connected Chambers, Corridors, and Offices as they deem requisite, while future extension would be impossible. For various other reasons they report as strongly against the proposed buildings on Plot 2.

2. They then proceed to make two suggestions: Scheme A. to place the Courts and their accessories on Plot 2, and the Post Office, &c. on Plot 1. Scheme B. to acquire two more plots, and distribute the various buildings required over a greater

area.

3. Both proposals necessitate the preparation of entirely fresh plans.

I am not now in a position, in the absence of Mr. GALE, to undertake the pre- paration of such plans even in outline and unfinished as suggested by the Right Honourable the Secretary of State, but would ask to be informed if Scheme B. would, under any circumstances, be entertained by His Excellency the Governor.

4. As I find that no provision has been made in the Estimates for 1898 for the proposed buildings, I conclude there is no immediate hurry for new designs; and if His Excellency is of opinion that the first proposal of the Architects which they call Scheine A. should be adopted, I would ask that the matter be allowed to stand over till Mr. GALE's return in April next.

5. I venture, however, now to propose a scheme which has not, as far as I am aware, been put before His Excellency yet, for meeting the undoubted urgent want of the Colony in the matter of better Courts, Post Office, and Offices for certain other of the Departments of the service.

6. The arrangement and condition of the present Offices is very fully de- scribed by the Committee appointed to report on the subject in 1896, and with that description I concur except as regards the Public Works Offices. I do not con- sider these Offices badly arranged or too small for present requirements, and it is quite possible to improve the lighting of the side of the building now deficient in that respect.

The description of the buildings occupied by the Courts, the Post Office, the Land Office, the Treasury, and the Registrar General is by no means too strongly condemnatory. It must be patent to all that "the requirements of the Colony have entirely outgrown the accommodation at present available."

7. The proposals I now wish to submit to His Excellency are briefly as follows:-

(a.) To adopt the recommendation of Messrs. ASTON WEBB and INGRESS BELL and devote Plot No. 2 on the new Praya to the new Courts and their accessories, calling on those gentlemen to prepare a suitable design, worthy of the Colony and of this prominent site.

(b.) To devote the site now occupied by the Courts and the Post Office

to a new Post Office and Treasury.

(c.) To acquire " Beaconsfield" permanently for the accommodation of the Education Department, the Registrar General, and the Sanitary Board-the Colonial Secretary, the Auditor and the Public Works Department continuing as at present to occupy the Offices in St. John's Place.

8. There seems to be no reason whatever why the Courts should be in close proximity to any of the other Public Offices while the arrangements I propose would bring those Offices together, which for the facilities thereby afforded for the transaction of public business, should be intimately connected.

72

On the other hand, there is much to be urged in favour of keeping the Post Office on the present site; it is very central, close to the Banks, the hotels, the busiest part of Victoria, and the pier at which all mails and passengers will land.

9. The Harbour Department should, I think, certainly have new Offices on the Reclamation in front of the present Harbour Office, and I note that the estimated cost of the building is $110,000.

10. The question of store accommodation for the Public Works Department is pressing, but should, I think, be dealt with separately as it in no way affects the other proposals.

11. Financially any proposals would work out as follows:-

Cost of new Courts, &c. on Plot No. 2,

Cost of new Post Office and Treasury,...

Cost of " Beaconsfield,'

">

Cost of new Harbour Office,

On the other side:-

$400,000

150,000

80,000

110,000

Total,-

740,000

Sale of Plot No. 1, 33,724 square feet at $10,......$337,240

Sale of site of present Land Office and Crosby

Store, 16,078 square feet at $10,........ Rents now paid or to be paid next year for Offices

capitalized,.

160,780

80,000

Total,-

$ 578,020

Net cost of proposed new Offices to Government,

say, $ 162,000

12. In estimating the cost of the new Courts and new Post Office I have been guided by the cost per cubic foot and per square of floor of buildings already erected and being erected on the new Praya. These are handsome buildings of first class workmanship, and I think their cost may be taken as giving a good idea of what the Courts would cost. I learn the Club buildings including all fittings, &c. cost $170,000.

13. Should my proposals meet with the approval of His Excellency the Gov- ernor I would suggest that the Consulting Architects be furnished with an exact plan of Plot No. 2, and photographs of the New Club, Messrs. BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE'S Offices, and the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank and elevations of those buildings in order that, if possible, the designs for the new Courts may harmonize with the adjacent buildings.

The design for a new Post Office could, I consider, be made locally, from its position, no striking architectural effects would be necessary or desirable. The elevation should follow that of the new buildings in Queen's Road such as the Chartered Bank, and the internal arrangement of public rooms and offices could probably be better decided on the spot.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

R. D. ORMSBY, Director of Public Works.

No. 2.

REPORT OF THE PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE,

At a meeting held on the 13th January, 1898.

PRESENT:

The Honourable The Director of Public Works, (Chairman). The Honourable The Colonial Treasurer, (T. SERCOMBE SMITH). The Honourable C. P. CHATER, C.M.G.

The Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD.

The Honourable E. R. BELILIOS, C.M.G.

Subject for consideration:

"The Scheme of the Director of Public Works for New Government Offices."

73

The Chairman reminded the Committee that at a previous meeting no resolu- tion had been proposed, but the subject had merely been discussed and its con- sideration postponed.

Since then a different scheme for the New Government Offices had been pre- pared by an Honourable Member of the Committee and circulated, and he left it for the Committee to decide whether they can discuss that scheme as well, seeing that it had not yet been before His Excellency and referred to them for report. The Committee decided that both schemes should be considered.

After discussion, it was proposed by the Honourable the Treasurer and seconded by the Honourable Mr. BELILIOS that the scheme of the Director of Public Works be approved by this Committee, and its adoption recommended to His Excellency the Governor.

The Committee divided with the following result:-

Ayes.

The Hon. the Treasurer.

The Hon. E. R. BELILIOS, C.M.G. The Chairman.

Noes.

The Hon. C. P. CHATER, C.M.G.

The Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD.

The Chairman declared the resolution carried.

The following protest was handed in by the Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD. Mr. WHITEHEAD desired that his protest should be recorded against the Honourable E. R. BELILIOS, C.M.G., being permitted to second and vote, the honourable member being directly and pecuniarily interested in the question under consideration, the question being that the Government should purchase "Beacons- field," a property owned by the said Mr. BELILIOS, and Mr. WHITEHEAD further desired to refer, in support of this protest, to May's "Parliamentary Practice," 9th Edition, page 420, where the rule as to Members of Parliament is laid down in the plainest language. It reads-

"In the Commons it is a distinct rule that no member who has a direct "pecuniary interest in a question shall be allowed to vote upon it, "but in order to operate as a disqualification this interest must be "immediate and personal and not merely of a general or remote "character. On the 17th July, 1811, the rule was thus explained by Mr. Speaker ABBOTT' this interest must be a direct pecuniary "interest and separately belonging to the persons whose votes were "questioned and not in common with the rest of His Majesty's "subjects or on a matter of State policy.'"

66

Mr. WHITEHEAD also desired to refer, if further authority is necessary, to Buckley's Companies Acts, 7th Edition, page 542, where it is laid down that although no Director shall vacate his office by reason of his being a member of any firm having contracts with the Company of which he is a Director,

theless he shall not vote in respect of such contract or work, and if he does so "vote his vote shall not be counted."

66

never-

R. D. ORMSBY, Chairman.

Hongkong, 14th January, 1898.

74

MR. CHATER'S PROPOSAL.

The scheme I now beg to propose for the future accommodation of the Govern ment Offices is as follows:-

GENERAL SCHEME.

1. To adopt the recommendation of Messrs. ASTON WEBB and INGRESS BELL and to build the Law Courts and accessories, including Land Office, on Plot No. 2 i.e., the back and larger block in front of the City Hall.

2. To build on Plot No. 1, i.e., the front Lot on the Praya Reclamation, a block of Offices, the Ground Floor being for Post Office, First Floor for Treasury, Assessor and Sanitary Board, and Second Floor for Public Works Department.

3. The existing Government Offices, St. John's Place, to be occupied on First Floor by the Colonial Secretary, Auditor, Council Chamber, &c. as at present, and the Ground Floor, now occupied by the Public Works Department, to be given. to the Registrar General's and Education Department.

4. A new Harbour Office to be built on the Praya Reclamation in front of the present Harbour Office, as recommended by the Director of Public Works.

5. My reasons for proposing a scheme differing somewhat from that recom- mended by the Director of Public Works are as follows:-

ADVANTAGES OF SCHEME.

6. The Post Office would be on the new Praya facing the Harbour and in the natural site for same, mails can be expeditiously and safely landed and des- patched at a wharf opposite the site, which is not usually used by launches and ferry boats, these going to the Ice House Street and Pedder Street Wharves.

7. The proposed site, and not the present position, of the Post Office will, in the course of a short time, be in the very centre of all the Banks, Insurance Offices and principal European and Indian merchants of the Colony, and these are by far the principal users of the Post and not the Chinese, who will in a few years entirely surround the present Post Office and Law Courts. The proposed site would be convenient for the Military and Navy, and also those frequenting the Law Courts and Land Office, who constantly require various description of stamps.

8. By placing the Treasury, Assessor, Sanitary Board and Public Works Department in the same building, communication, which is frequent between these Departments, is rendered easy and the transaction of public business greatly facilitated.

The Public Works Department will also have in the proposed new Offices ample light, which is very deficient in the present rooms.

9. It is very desirable that a building on the front block, facing the Harbour, should be at least three stories high or the building will be dwarfed by the adjoin- ing blocks on either side which are four stories.

10. By utilizing the Ground Floor of the Government Offices, St. John's Place, the Education and Registrar General's Departments, are brought to the same building as the Colonial Secretary's, which would be very convenient, as the two latter Offices are held by the same Officer.

FINANCIAL.

11. As regards the financial part of the question, I will take, as far as possi- ble, the figures given by the Director of Public Works, and it will be found that my proposed scheme is at, practically, the same cost as that of the Director of Public Works, while it centralizes all the Government Offices and provides new buildings in a good position in place of detached Offices and old buildings.

12.

Cost of new Law Courts, &c. on Plot No. 2 as esti-

mated by the Director of Public Works, ...$ 400,000 Cost of new Post Office and Treasury as esti-

mated by the Director of Public Works, In proportion to the above costs, allow for ad- ditional storey to Post Office, say,............. More handsome elevation on New Praya and more

expensive foundations, say,

700

150,000

40,000

50,000

Cost of new Harbour Office as estimated by the

Director of Public Works,

110,000

Total,

$ 750,000

On the other side:-

A

Sale of Land occupied by Land Office and

Crosby's Store, as estimated by the Director of Public Works, 16,078 square feet at $10, ..$ 160,780

Sale of land occupied by Post Office and Law

Courts, 25,867 square feet at $12,....

75

310,404

Rents now paid or to be paid next year for Offices as estimated by the Director of Public Works, capitalized,.

80,000

Total,-

$ 551,184

199,000

Net cost of proposed new Offices to Government, say,......$

13. The net cost shewn above of $199,000 is against the net cost shewn by the Director of Public Works of $162,000 for his scheme, and I venture to think that the convenience to public and accommodation gained would justify a far larger expenditure.

14. I have taken the value of the site of the present Land Office and Crosby Store, 16,078 square feet at $10 per foot as given by the Director of Public Works, but for the site of the present Post Office, I am confident that $2 per foot more would be obtained, owing to the superior position and frontage.

15. As for the value of Plot No. 1 on the new Praya Reclamation, put down at $10 per foot by the Director of Public Works, I fear that it will be a consider- able time before so large a piece of ground can be sold at such a price.

16. I wish to point out that no allowance appears to have been made for the sale of the ground at present occupied by the Harbour Office, which land is in a most valuable part of the City and is worth about $15 per foot, the area is about 8,000 square feet and therefore the net cost to the Colony of the new buildings should be reduced by $120,000.

17. I wish to record my opinion that the plans for the new Public Offices should be made by local architects of standing who, I think, by their experience of local requirements and construction, are far more likely to produce a satisfactory and economical building than any firm of architects in England. The work already executed in this City seems to me quite proof enough of the ability of the local architects to undertake the proposed buildings which, I may mention, are not so large as the blocks now being built on the Reclamation.

C. P. CHATER.

9.

7

!

|

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE HARBOUR MASTER FOR 1897.

175 No. 15

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

No. 102.

HARBOUR DEPARTMENT, HONGKONG, 26th February, 1898.

98

SIR,-I have the honour to forward the Annual Report for this Department for the year ending 31st December, 1897.

I. Number, Tonnage, Crews, and Cargoes of Vessels entered.

II. Number, Tonnage, Crews, and Cargoes of Vessels cleared.

III. Number, Tonnage, Crews, and Cargoes of Vessels entered at each Port.

IV. Number, Tonnage, Crews. and Cargoes of Vessels cleared at each Port.

V. Number, Tonnage, and Crews of Vessels of each Nation entered.

VI. Number, Tonnage, and Crews of Vessels of each Nation cleared. VII. Junks entered from China

VIII. Junks cleared for China.

IX. Junks entered from Macao.

X. Junks cleared for Macao.

XI. Total Number of Junks entered at each Port.

XII. Total Number of Junks cleared at each Port.

XIII. Junks (Local Trade) entered.

XIV. Junks (Local Trade) cleared.

XV. Summary of Arrivals and Departures of all Vessels.

XVI. Vessels registered.

XVII. Vessels struck off the Register.

XVIII. Chinese Passenger Ships cleared by the Emigration Officer. (Summary.)

XIX. Vessels bringing Chinese Passengers to Hongkong from places out of China. (Summary.)

XX. Marine Magistrate's Court.

XXI. Diagram of Tonnage of Vessels entered.

XXII. Statement of Revenue Collected.

XXIII. Return of work performed by the Government Marine Surveyor.

XXIV. Return from Imports and Exports (Opium) Office.

SHIPPING.

2. The total tonnage entering and clearing amounted to 15,938,174 tons, being a decrease compared with 1896, of 577,779 tons.

There were 38.713 arrivals of 7,968,606 tons, and 38,580 departures of 7,969,568 tons.

Of British ocean-going tonnage 2,439,074 tons entered and 2,444,971 tons cleared.

Of River Steamers 1,694.077 tons entered and 1,690,644 tons cleared, making a grand total of

British tonnage of 4,133,151 entering and 4,135,615 clearing.

Of Foreign ocean-going tonnage 1,930,489 tons entered and 1.925,344 tons cleared.

Of Junks in Foreign trade 1,718,739 tons entered and 1,722.556 cleared.

Of Junks in Local trade 186,227 tons entered and 186,053 cleared.

British ocean-going tonnage therefore represented 30.7%. River tonnage represented 21.2%.

Foreign ocean-going tonnage represented 24.2%. Junk tonnage (Foreign trade) represented 21.6%. Junk tonnage (Local trade) represented 2.3%.

3. 4,618 steamers, 356 sailing vessels and 28,989 junks in foreign trade entered during the year, giving a daily average of 93 vessels as against 94 in 1896. For European-constructed vessels the average daily entry would be 13.63 as against 12.81 in 1896, and of the steamers arriving, 68.25% were British.

4. A comparison between the years 1896-1897 is shown in the following Shipping Return:—

Comparative Shipping Return for the Years 1896 and 1897.

1896.

1897.

INCREASE.

DECREASE.

Ships Tonnage. Ships. Tonnage. Ships. Tonnage Ships. Tonnage

6,454 8,758,294 | 6,783 8,263,766 329 2,898 3,575,102 3,161 3,855,833 263 280,731 Junks in Foreign 59,576 3,767,403 57,803 3,441,295

Trade,

British,..

Foreign,

...

489,528

1,773 326,108

Total,......68,928 | 16,100,799 |67,747 | 15,565,894 | 592 280,731 1,773 815,636

Junks in Local

Trade,

11,535 415,154 9,546

372,280

1,989 42,874

Grand Total.... 80,463 | 16,515,953 |77,293 | 15,938,174 592 280,731 | 3,762 | 858,510

NETT,...

...

:

3,170 577,779

176

tons.

5. The above statement shows an increase of 329 British ships and a decrease of 489,528 British This numerical increase, together with a tonnage decrease, is to be attributed to the number of small vessels which, since the opening of the West River in June last, have been plying on that route, and increasing the number of entries and clearances under the heading of "River Steamers" without a proportionate increase of tonnage. British ocean-going steamers alone for the year show a decrease of 201 entries of 275,360 tons.

Sailing ships show a numerical increase for the year of 209 entries, but a tonnage increase of only 13,460 tons; under this heading are comprised the lorchas and lighters which were towed up the West River, and the remark above, applies in the case of these vessels also.

6. In the case of Foreign Shipping, that under the Japanese flag has been more than doubled, having increased from 146,315 tons to 299,658 tons. German shipping shows a decrease of 41,000 tons, the remainder, generally, show more or less substantial increases.

7. The actual number of ships of European construction-exclusive of River Steamers-which entered the port in 1897, was 593, being 320 British, and 273 Foreign. In the previous year the numbers were 325 British, and 254 Foreign.

STEAMERS.

Ships.

No. of times entered.

Total Tonnage.

Flag.

1896. 1897.

1896. 1897.

1896.

1897.

British,

298

281

1,806 1,605

|

2,665,438

2,390,078

Belgiam,

1

1

1,689

American,

3

4

14

21

37,415

37,886

Austrian,

7

10

24

27

59,314

66,594

Chinese,

21

14

211

198

247,981

255,619

Danish,.

5

58

*2

29,684

35,112

Dutch,

3

1

10

4

14,218

3,288

French,

18

19

120

144

165,680

169,547

German,

77

80

708

669

846,713

805,694

Hawaiian,

2

3

7,100

Italian,

3

11

13

16,079

18,913

Japanesc,

25

51

80

152

146,315

299,658

Norwegian,

27

28

124

142

122,225

144,175

Russian,

5

11,587

14,585

Spanish,

4

3

4

4

8,139

2,166

Swedish,

10

12

9,890

11,868

Total,...

495

506 3,185 3,071 4,382,397

4,262,283

SAILING VESSELS.

Ships.

No. of times entered.

Total Tonuage.

Flag.

1896. 1897. | 1896.

1897.

1896.

1897.

British,

American,

36

Danish,

French,..

German. Hawaiian, Italian, Norwegian, Siamese, Spanish, Swedish,

NOONNO-- :

27

39

31 240

35,536

48,996

30

42

93

50,427

38,981

1

586

1

1,235

10

13

13

10,609

12,961

2

2

2,497

1,156

1,440

794

3,305

2

1

3

656

1,621

1

3

900

600

350

Total,..

84

86

100 356

105,370

107,280

S. The 320 British ships carried 2,264 British officers and 47 foreigners as follows:---

British,...

Germans,..

Americans,

Danes,

Swedes,

Austrian,

Portuguese,

Norwegians,

Total,.

2,264

8

20

5

4

1

27

2,311

177

The proportion of Foreigners was therefore 2%, comprising 7 nationalities, an increase of .4%, with fewer British ships. In one case, that of the "Vale of Doon," arriving in August, from Cardiff, a German was in command.

9. The 273 Foreign, ships carried 1,689 officers, of whom 193 were British, as follows:--

Japanese, Chinese, French,

Total,

122

64

7

193

The proportion of Britishers in foreign vessels was therefore 10.8%, distributed under three different heads, a decrease on 1896 of 1.2% with an increase of 19 foreign ships (or 7%) Chinese vessels carrying only about 3% as against nearly 6% last year.

Of the crews of the British vessels-

Of the crews of Foreign vessels-

19.9% were Britishers.

1.1% other Europeans. 79.0% Asiatics.

2.0% were Britishers.

28.3% other Europeans.

""

69.7% Asiatics.

10. Taking the total of entries and departures, the average crew for British ships was 53, of which 21% were Europeans, and for Foreign ships 45, (8% less than the British ships) of which 30.3% were Europeans.

TRADE.

11. The first half of 1897 shewed a decrease over the corresponding period of 1896 of 358,660 tons of rice imported. The second half-year did little to improve matters, and the year closed with a falling off of over 343,000 tons compared with the already diminished crop of 1896. To this decrease

must in a great measure be again attributed the reduction in the figures relating to the British ocean- going vessels (this trade being chiefly carried in British bottoms), as well as in the junk trade which is a reflection of the "ocean-going" trade.

12. Most of the other imports reported, however, show an increase for the year, and the total decrease is reduced to 48,828 tons. We thus get a decrease of 135,112 tons of European constructed shipping, with a decrease import return of 48,828 tons of cargo.

13. Of exports, a decrease of 103,685 tons of European-constructed shipping, reported a decreased export of 476,423 tons of cargo.

14. The transit returns give an increase of 7,062 tons of cargo.

15. A review of the trade of the port for the year is obtained, as in 1896, by a classification of Returns I and II as follows:

Class I. Vessels that trade to and from Europe and distant countries, such as--

Canada.

Cape of Good Hope.

Continent of Europe. Great Britain.

Mauritius.

Sandwich Islands.

South America.

United States.

į

178

Class II. Vessels that trade to and from the less distant countries, such as-

Australia and New Zealand.

India and Straits Settlements.

Japan.

Java and Indian Archipelago.

North and South Pacific.

Russia in Asia.

Class III. Vessels that trade on the Coast of China and to and from adjacent countries,

such as-

North Borneo.

Coast of China.

Cochin-China.

Formosa.

Philippine Islands.

Hainan and Gulf of Tonquin.

Siam.

Class IV. River Steamers between Hongkong and Canton and Macao.

Class V. Junks in Foreign Trade.

16. Using this classification we find that the total import trade of 1897 was represented by 33,963 vessels aggregating 7,782,379 tons carrying 5,130,772 tons of cargo, of which 3,278,310 tons were discharged in Hongkong.

Canada,

Continent of Europe,

Great Britain,

Mauritius,

Sandwich Islands,

South America,.

United States.

COUNTRY.

CLASS I.

CLASS II.

Australia and New Zealand, India and Straits Settlements, Japan,

Java and Indian Archipelago,..

North and South Pacific,....

Russia in Asia,

Cargo.

SHIPS.

TONS.

DISCHARGED.

IN TRANSIT.

.

T

14

40,910

13,869

120

291,515

115,302

151

351,178

179,087

278,546 429,609

9

10,173

7,310

500

2

2,117

630

:

2

1,785

120

259,380

160,368

70,690

དྷྭ་

418

957,058

476,566

779,345

મા

55

80,145

55,040

193

312,270

235,291

13,744 129,639

·

405

740,938

638,959

305,130

35

109,318

167,195

15,292

725

738

3,646

500

1,715

743

1,247,042

1,097,726

465,520

CLASS III.

North Borneo,

Coast of China,.

Cochin-China,

Formosa,

Philippine Islands,

17

18,766

20,350

1,421

1,438,690

122,922

538,165

145

156,322

224,987

22,598

101

71,534

25,453

113

106,431

136,153

2,260

Hainan and Gulf of Tonquin,

313

221,084

275,301

41,114

Siam,

Macao,

144

147,199

218,000

3,460

7

5,437

2,266

2,165,463

1,023,166

607,597

CLASS IV.

River Steamers, Canton and Macao,

1,547

1,694,077

145,603

CLASS V.

Junks in Foreign Trade,

28,989

1,718,739

TOTAL,.

33,963 7,782,379

535,249

3,278,310

1,852,462

.

179

17. Similarly, the export trade of 1897 was represented by 33,784 vessels, aggregating 7,783,515 tons, carrying 2,777,323 tons of cargo, and shipping 445,999 tons of bunker coal.

COUNTRY.

CARGO.

SHIPS.

Toss.

SHIPPED.

BUNKER COAL.

CLASS I.

Canada,

Cape of Good Hope,

Continent of Europe,

23

57,802

26,203

1,200

2

2,408

1,150

93

230,096

65,725

33,251

Great Britain,

Mauritius,

Sandwich Islands,

South America,.

87

233,065

51,660

3,610

6

6,813

6,639

3,720

1

1,575

4,399

2,530

United States,

109

224,945

173,020

6,762

325

761,103

326,927

48,543

CLASS II.

Australia and New Zealand, .

51

79,917

53,795

7,318

India and Straits Settlements,

178

311,150

275,835

57,988

Japan,

Java and Indian Archipelago,................

North and South Pacific,......

370

663,370

477,933

49,618

27

36,848

11,400

7,880

911

190

Russia in Asia,

10,175

3,750

925

637

1,102,371

822,903

123,729

CLASS III.

North Borneo,

17

18,275

3,400

4,730

Coast of China,.

1,664

1,792,866

560,949

138,427

Cochin-China,

156

180,953

78,366

29,693

Formosa,

100

76,013

38,044

10,206

Philippine Islands,

109

111,487

42,065

16,691

Hainan and Gulf of Tonquin,.......

333

239,240

111,227

29,461

Siam,

77

84,554

27,340

20,737

Macao,

3,453

1,450

40

2,460

2,506,811

862,841

249,985

CLASS IV.

:

River Steamers, Canton and Macao,

1,548

1,690,644

90,544

23,742

CLASS V.

Junks in Foreign Trade,

28,814

1,722,556

674,108

TOTAL,.........

33,784 7,783,515

2,777,323

445,999

180

18. From this we find that in 1897 the Import trade was stimulated from Europe and distant countries, (Class I), to the extent of 27 ships of 78,085 registered tons, carrying to and through the port, an increase of 90,388 tons of cargo.

19. In Class II, on the other hand, we find a decrease of 31 ships of 49,463 registered tons, but an increase of 12,534 tons of cargo. The decrease in ships was notably under the heading of “ "India and Straits Settlements," and the increase of cargo under "Australia," "Japan," and "Java".

20. Class III differed from either I or II showing an increase of 146 ships, with a decrease of 146,826 registered tons, and a decrease of 135,924 tons of cargo. The increase of ships was made up in the "China Coast," "Formosa," and "Hainan and Tonquin " routes, while the decrease of tonnage and cargo comes under "Cochin-China" and "Siam ".

21. Turning next to Exports, we find under Class I an increase of 71 ships of 189,243 registered tons, with 35,256 tons of cargo.

22. In Class II, a decrease of 30 ships of 89,730 registered tons, but an increase of 276,751 tons of cargo, principally under "Australia," Japan," and "Java".

23. In Class III an increase of 99 ships, a decrease of 212,863 registered tons, and an increase of 180,959 tons of cargo.

24. The result of this analysis is shortly summed up in the words "fuller ships," while the deficiency, where it occurs, is accounted for in the shortness of the Southern Rice Crop, or the diver- gence of the rice trade, probably to India, and the restrictions on trade with India which were the inevitable result of the Plague.

25. Looking a little further, and comparing with 1896, we find, with regard to the ocean-going ships, that there was an increase in the numbers of ships, and a decrease in the total tonnage, indicating smaller ships, together with this there was an increase in the total cargo carried, indicating fuller ships.

26. Smaller ships probably means lessened expenses, (dues, &c. being paid on Register tons), and fuller ships, increased earnings, and these two, taken together, point fairly conclusively to a good year for shipping, notwithstanding the lowness of freight at one period.

27. During the year, 9,944 vessels of European construction, aggregating 12,124,599 registered tons, carried 7,144,737 tons, made up as follows:-

Import cargo,

Export do.,

Transit do.,

Bunker Coal shipped,

Total,..

.2,743,061

2,103,215

.1,852,462

445,999

.7,144,737

28. The total number of tons carried was therefore 59% of the total registered tonnage, or 78% exclusive of River Steamers, and was apportioned as follows:-

Imports,-

British Ships, Foreign do.,

1,521,568 .1,221,493

2,743,061

Exports,-

British Ships,

1,154,883

Foreign do.,

948,332

2,103,215

Transit,-

British Ships, Foreign do.,

.1,115,706

736,75€

1,852,462

Bunker Coal,--

British Ships,

261,242

Foreign do.,

184,757

445,999

Total,..

7,144,737

.

1

!

29.

IMPORTS AND EXPORTS.

Trade of the Port of Hongkong for the Year 1897.

TONS.

Passen-

gers

No. of Dis- Ships. charged.

Bunker In Shipped.

Coal Total. Transit. Shipped.

Register-Carried.

ed Tonnage.

British,

Foreign,

3,688 1,374,965 α1,064,339 1,115,706, 237,500 3,792,510 4,884,045| 290,702

3,161|1.221,493| 6948,332| 736,756, 184,757 3,091,338 3,855,833| 130,554

River

Steamers (British),.

3,095 c116.603 90,544

23,742 260,889 3,384,721 988,046

Totul,... 9,944 @2,713,061 €2,103,215 1,852,462 445,999 7,144,737 12,124,599|1,409,302

Junks in

Foreign Trade,

57,803 7535,249| g674,108

|1,209,357| 3,441,295) 237,718

Total,... 67,747|3,278,310| 2,777,323 1,852,462) 445,999 8,354,094 15,565,894 1,647,020

Junks in

Local Trade,

9,546 136,418 10,212

146,630 372,280 4,996

Grand Total,... 77,2933,414,728 2,787,535 1,852,462 145,999 8,500,724 15,938,1741,652,016

088,174|1,65

!

a Kerosine, 21,720 tons and 19 cases.

b Kerosine, 29,876 and 20

""

8,870

Bulk.

>>

Total,...38,746

e Tea, 4,577 tons.

**

e Kerosine, 51,598 tons and 11 cases,

8,870 Bulk.

Total,...60,468

30.

d Tea, 4,577 tons.

Includes Tea, 2,787 tons; Vegetable Oil, 1,761 tons; Rice, 39,301 tons.

g Includes Kerosine, 21,253 tons and 3 cases; Rice and Paddy, 209,197 fons. A 132,099 tons of Earth and Stones.

IMPORTS.

EUROPEAN-CONSTRUCTED VESSELS.

181

1896.

1897.

Increase.

Decrease.

1

No.

Tonnage.

No.

Tonnage. No.

Tonnage.

No.

Tonnage.

Steamers,

3,185

'

River Steamers,..

4,382,397 3,071

1,393 1,680,985

4,262,283

114

120,114

1,547

1,694,077

154

13,092

Sailing Vessels,

100 105,370

356

107,280

256

1,910

Total,.....

4,678 6,168,752 4,974

6,063,640

410

15,002

114

120,114

Nett,......

296

105,112

Imported tons,......

2,791,889

2,743,061

48,828

182

As follows:-

Articles.

1896.

1897.

Increase.

Decrease.

Beaus,

250

Bones,

3,660

250 3,660

Coal,

539,721

601,544

61,823

Cotton Yarn and Cottoa,..

11,090

30,581

19,491

Flour,

85,021

85,904

883

Hemp,

32,790

43,360

10,570

Kerosine (bulk),

41,758

47,782

6,024

Do.

(1,235,612 cases),.......

44,129

(1,689,688 cases)

16,217

60,346

Lead,

915

5,496

4,581

Opium,

2,299

2,531

232

Pitch,

1,700

1,700

Rattan,

.3,140

2,920

220

Rice,

704,530

361,130

Sandalwood,

3,707

3,459

343,400 248

Sulphur,

220

2,040

1,820

Sugar,

186,759

211,777

25,018

Tea,

5,447

5,929

482

Timber,

49,363

64,862

15,499

General,.

1,077,090

1,211,700

134,610

Total,......

2,791,889-

2,743,061

298,950

347,778

Transit,.

1,845,400

1,852,462

7,062

Grand Total,.....

4,637,289

4,595,523

306,012

347,778

Nett.......

41,766

31.

EXPORTS.

1896.

1897.

Increase.

Decrease.

No.

Tonnage.

No.

Tonnage.

No.

Tonnage.

No.

Tonnage.

Steamers,

River Steamers,

1,392

Sailing Vessels,

96

3,186 4,382,211

1,680,979

101,454

3,067 4,263,453

1,548 1,690,644

355

119

118,758

156

9,665

106,862

259

5,408

:

Total,.....

4,674

6,164,644

4.970

6,060,959

415

15,073

119

118,758

Nett,....

2,103,215

296

Exported tons,......

1,626,792

476,423

Strs. Bunker Coal. Strs. Bunker Coal.

Strs.

Bunker Coal.

Strs.

Bunker Coal.

103,685

Steamers,

River Steamers,.....

1,392

21,420

3,186 391,976 3,067 422,257

1,548

30,281

119

23,742

156

2,322

Total,.....

4,578

413,396

4,615 445,999

156

32,603

119

Nett,.......

37

32,603

1896,.

1897,...

32.

Year.

RIVER TRADE.

Imports, Exports and Passengers.

Imports.

Exports.

Passengers.

154,367

107,087

897,843

146,603

90,544

988,046

IMPORTS

Junks.

Foreign trade, 28,989 measuring 1,718,789 tons.

Local trade,

4,750

"

Total,......33.739

Imported 671,667 tons as under:--

Tea, Oil, Rice,

....

Earth and Stones,.. General,...

186,227

11

71

1,904,966

2,787 tons.

1,761 39,301

132,099

""

.495,719

Total,.....

.....671,667

EXPORTS.

Junks.

Foreign trade, 28,814 measuring 1,722,556 tons.

Local trade,

4,796

""

Total,..............33,610

186,053

"}

""

1,908,609

""

183

Exported 684,320 tons as under: ---

Kerosine,

Rice and Paddy,...

Earth and Stones, General,

21,253 tons.

.209,197

??

453,870

Total,...........684,320

33. European-constructed vessels imported 639,846 tons in excess of exports; junks exported an excess of 138,859 tons. The excess of imports is thus reduced to 500,937 toas, from this must be deducted 445,999 tons of bunker coal, exclusive of coal shipped by men-of-war, leaving a balance of 54,988 tons consumed, manufactured, in stock in the Colony, or unaccounted for.

34. Plague and famine in India affected trade from thence, and probably deflected the Siamese rice trade, short though it was, from this Colony.

35. The River Steamers, aggregating 3,384,721 tons, inwards and outwards, importe: 116,608 tons of cargo, exported 90,544 tons, shipped 23,742 tons of bunker coal, and conveyed 983,046 passengers.

36.

PASSENGER TRAFFIC.

Arrivals.

Departures.

British ships,

.139,893

Foreign ships,

66,679

150,809 including Emigrants

63,575

River Steamers,

.505,080

482,956

Launches (outside waters of the

88,102

91.415

Colony),

Junks (Foreign Trade),.

....114,263

123,455

914,017

912,220

ཇ འངས་ཏ ས་མས -- ---- ་་

184

37.

Year.

Excess of arrivals over departures (Foreign Trade),

Junks, Local Trade,....

Launches,

Arrivals.

3,203

....2,349,583

2,352,786

1,797

Departures.

1,793

2,321,003

2,322,796

29,990

.31,787

Excess of arrivals over departures (Local Trade),

Difference-Excess of arrivals,

PROPORTION OF CARGO TO REGISTER TONNAGE FOR 5 YEARS, 1893-1897.

British.

Foreign.

OCEAN-GOING VESSELS.

Imports. Exports.

Transit.

Coal.

Total.

Ships. Tonnage. Ships. Tonnage. British. Foreign. British. Foreign. British. Foreign. British. Foreign. British. Foreign.

1893,

1895,

1896,

3,666 | 5,396,330 2,898 3,575,102

29.7

28.8

1897,

3,688 4,884,045 | 3,161 | 3,855,833

28.1

31.7

3,400 4,517,089 2,6022,803,664 36.9 37.4 18.8 22.6 19.0 16.9 5.2 5.3 79.9 82.8

1894, Plague. 3,293 | 4,503,069| 2,430|2,690,786 37.3 35.1 20.1 22.1 20.8 19.9 1.3

3,639 5,273,547| 2,463|2,935,949 34.5 32.0 18.8 19.0 21.9 15.9 4.2

16.0 18.0 23.3 16.3 4.3

24.6 22.8 19.1

5.1 82.5 82.2

4.9 79.4 71.8

4.5

73.3 67.6

21.8

4.9

4.8

77.7

80.2

Mean,... 3,537 4,914,816 2,711 3,172,267 33.1 33.0 19.1

21.3

21.6 17.6 4.6

4.9

78.5

76.8

RIVER STEAMERS.

Year.

Ships.

Tonnage.

Imports.

Exports.

Coal.

Total.

1893,....

2,756

3,215,106

4.41

8.99

.63

9.03

1894, Plague,.

2,729

3,275,327

3.68

2.86

.61

7.15

1895,.......

2,987

3,316,090

4.04

3.37

.66

8.07

1896,.......

2,785

8,361,964

4.59

3.18

.63

8.40

1897,.......

3,095

3,384,721

4.33

2.67

.70

7.70

Mean,..

2,870

3,310,642

4.21

3.21

.65

8.07

Year.

No.

Tonnage.

JUNKS IN FOREIGN TRADE.

Imports.

Exports.

Total.

1893,

47,197

3,488,007

10.9

24.2

35.1

1894, Plague,...

45,861

3,482,124

12.8

23.5

36.3

1895,.

53,027

3,683,700

12.6

27.5

40.1

1896,

59,576

3,767,403

13.3

27.0

40.3

1897,

57,803

3,441,295

15.5

19.6

35.1

Mean,....

52,693

3,572,506

13.0

24.4

37.4

i

A

:

JUNKS IN LOCAL TRADE.

185

Year.

No.

Tonnage.

Discharged.

Shipped.

Total.

1893,.

9,886

325,256

32.0

4.2

36.2

1894, Plague..

8,478

297,364

30.5

3.2

33.7

1895,

11,645

422,827

29.8

6.1

35.9

1896,

11,535

415,154

31.8

3.4

35.2

1897,

9,546

372,280

36.6

2.7

39.4

Mean,.....

10,218

366,576

32.1

3.9

36.1

Ocean-going Vessels.

38. The preceding tables show the annual percentages of cargoes per registered ton, for the five years during which returns have been collected in this Department. The mean for this period gives for British shipping 78.5%, for foreign shipping 76.8%. The best year for carrying for British shipping was 1894, viz., 82.5% (the Plague year when quarantine requirements on leaving the Colony caused many vessels to forego calling). Both 1893 and 1894 were good years for foreign vessels, they carried 82.2% each year. The gradual decrease of the total percentages after 1894, appears to show that the carriage offering is in excess of cargo requirements. There has been a marked rise in 1897 in the total percentages. In the case of British shipping this is due to a decline. in tonnage (lower than both 1895 or 1896); with foreign shipping the case is different, coincident with a large increase in tonnage, heavier cargoes have been carried.

39. In 1893, 3,400 British ships, aggregating 4,517,089 tons, carried 79.9%, in 1897, 3,688 vessels with a total of 4,883,745 tons carried 77.7%, or a tonnage increase of 7.5%, and a decrease in carrying of 2.2%, equal to a nett increase in five years of 5.3%.

40. In 1893, 2,602 foreign vessels, measuring 2,803,664 tons, carried 82.2% in 1897, 3,161 foreigners, carried 80.2% of their total tonnage, 3,856,135, equivalent to an increase of 27.3% in measurement, with a decrease in carrying of 2% or a nett increase in 5 years of 25.1%.

41. Whilst British and foreign shipping import pro rata much the same, foreigners appear to carry more exports and British more transit cargo. Foreign vessels also appear to ship slightly more coal in the Colony.

BRITISH.

Year. Quarter. Ships. Tonnage.

Im- Ex- ports.ports.

Transit. Coal. Total.

1893 1st

815 1,080,055 34.5 18.2 16.8 6.1 75.6

1897 4th 1,075 1,261,441 25.8 20.8 23.2 5.2 75.0

FOREIGN.

Year. Quarter. Ships. Tonnage.

Im- Ex- ports.ports.

Transit. Coal. Total.

1st

609 658,440 43.0 17.3

1893

1897 4th

16.4 6.0 82.7

883 1,060,800 33.2 25.6 22.2 4.9 86.0

Between the first quarter of 1893, and the fourth quarter of 1897, British tonnage increased 181,386 tons, or 14.4%, and decreased in carrying .6%, or a nett increase of 13.8%. For the same period, foreign shipping increased 402,360 tons, or 38%, and advanced in carrying 3.3%, equivalent to a total gain of 41.3%. During the five years under review 20,182,512 tons of shipping, on entry, paid Light Dues at 24 cents a ton.

186

River Steamers, &c.

42. Call for little remark, save that they are to be congratulated on the remarkable economy of fuel apparent as against the expenditure in ocean-going vessels. The passenger trade in 1897 was good, exceeding 1896 by 90,203. As might be expected their percentage of cargo is very low.

43. Junks in foreign trade show a decided increase in imports, and a gain of 33,612 in passengers carried over 1896. A fair average has been maintained. The diversion of the rice trade is very apparent in their percentages of exports.

44. Junks in local trade discharged mainly earth and stones at Victoria for the Reclamation.

REVENUE.

45. The total Revenue collected by the Harbour Office during the year was $234,233.12, a decrease of $757.04 on the previous year.

1. Light Dues,

2. Licences and Internal Revenue,

..$114,176.41

31,382.30

88,674.41

Total,....

.234,233.12

3. Fees of Court and Office,..

STEAM LAUNCHES.

46. On 31st December there were 155 Steam Launches employed in the harbour; of these 65 were licensed for the conveyance of passengers, 73 were privately owned, 12 were the property of the Colonial Government, and 5 belonged to the Imperial Government in charge of the Military Authorities.

One Master's Certificate was suspended for one month, and two Master's Certificates were suspended for two months each.

EMIGRATION.

47. 62,831 Emigrants left Hongkong for various places during the year; of these 50,317 were carried by British ships, and 12,514 by foreign ships; 115,207 were reported as having been brought to Hongkong from places to which they had emigrated; and of these, 91,056 were brought in British. ships, and 24,151 by foreign ships.

Returns Nos. XVIII and XIX will give the details of this branch of the Department.

REGISTRY OF SHIPPING.

48. During the year, 22 ships were registered under the provisions of the Imperial Act, and 10 certificates were cancelled.

MARINE MAGISTRATE'S COURT.

49. 18 cases were heard in the Marine Magistrate's Court; refusal of duty and assault were the principal offences.

EXAMINATION OF MASTERS, MATES, AND ENGINEERS.

(Under Section 15 of Ordinance No. 26 of 1891.)

50. The following table will show the number of candidates examined for Certificates of Com- petency distinguishing those who were successful and those who failed :-

GRADE.

PASSED.

FAILED.

Masters,

First Matos,

33

7

22

Only Mates,

1

Second Matos,

5

10:00 A

TOTAL

01

First Class Engineers, Second Class Mngineers,

42

TOTAL,.

CTERIS

16

12

10

32

54

42

!

1

187

MARINE COURTS.

(Under Section 13 of Ordinance No. 26 of 1891.)

51. The following Courts have been held during the year:-

1. On the 16th February, inquiry respecting certain charges of misconduct brought against Patrick Cassidy, Second Mate of the British Barque Torrisdale, Official No. 99,828 of Glasgow, by Robert Buchanan, Master of the said ship. The Certificate of Competency of the Second Mate was not dealt with, but the Court was of opinion that the Second Mate was guilty of misconduct, and directed that he be discharged from his ship.

2. On the 26th March, inquiry into the loss of the British s.s. Glamorganshire, Official No. 89,651 of London, off Cape St. James, China Sea, on the 7th March, 1897. The Master's (Hugh Norris Vyvyan) Certificate of Competency was returned to him.

3. On the 19th and 20th October, inquiry into the loss of the British s.s. Namoa, Official No. 65,090, of Hongkong, through striking an uncharted rock in the Haitan Straits, China Sea, on the 3rd October, 1897. The Master's (Thomas Phillip Hall) Certificate of Competency was returned to him.

SUNDAY CARGO-WORKING.

(Ordinance No. 6 of 1891.)

52. During the year 160 permits were issued, under the provisions of the Ordinance; of these, 39 were not availed of owing to its being found unnecessary for the ship to work cargo on the Sunday, and the fee paid for the permit was refunded in each case.

37 Permits were issued free of charge to Mail steamers.

The revenue collected under this heading was $11,850; this was $4,275 more than 1896.

SEAMEN.

53. 18,582 Seamen were shipped, and 20,833 discharged, at the Shipping Office, and on board ships during the year.

242 Distressed Seamen were received during the year; of these, 34 were sent to the United Kingdom, 1 to Manila, 2 to Bombay, 2 to Calcutta, 2 died, 196 obtained employment, 2 remained at the Government Civil Hospital, and 3 at the Sailors' Home.

$4,375.30 were expended by the Board of Trade in the relief of these men, and $168.34 by the Colony.

MARINE SURVEYOR'S SUB-DEPARTMENT.

54. Return No. XXIII shows the work performed by this branch of the Harbour Department.

LIGHTHOUSES.

55. The amount of Light Dues collected was as follows:-

CLASS OF VESSELS.

RATE No. of PER TON. SHIPS.

TONNAGE.

TOTAL FEES

COLLECTED.

$$3

C.

Ocean Vessels paying full dues,. 2 cents.

3,332

4,356,447108,911.28

Launches paying full dues, ....

do.

327

River Steamers (night-boats),...

cent.

678

18,856 715,873

472.44 4,772.55

Launches plying exclusively to

Macao,....

do.

57

River Steamers (day-boats),

Free.

869

3,021 978,204

20.14

Launches plying to Macao by

day,

do.

425

22,778

TOTAL,..

5,688 6,095,179 114,176.41

56. Telegraphic and telephonic communication has been kept up with the Gap Rock and Cape D'Aguilar during the year. From the former station 568 vessels have been reported as passing, and in addition 139 messages were received and 3,110 sent including the daily weather report for the Observatory.

57. From Cape D'Aguilar 1,158 vessels were reported, and in addition 1,793 messages were sent and 18 received.

188

58. 190 hours of fog were reported from Gap Rock during the year, and the fog signal gun has been fired 1,203 times. On 6 occasions the fortnightly relief could not be effected owing to the rough

sea.

GOVERNMENT GUNPOWDER DEPOT.

59. During the year 1897, there has been stored in the Government Magazine Stone Cutter's Island:-

APPROXIMATE

No. or CASES.

WEIGHT.

Cartridges, privately owned,....

Do., Government owned,

Gunpowder, privately owned,

Do., Government owned,....

Explosive Compounds, privately owned,.....

10,427

Ibs. 212,229

13

2,681

388,467

106

17,032

477

48,479

Do.,

Government owned,.......

21

1,226

}

TOTAL,.

13,712

667,433

On the 31st December, 1897, there remained as under:-

APPROXIMATE

No. oF CASES.

WEIGHT.

Ibs.

Gunpowder, privately owned,

Cartridges, privately owned,....

Do.,

958

22,295

Do.. Government owned,.

Government owned,

Explosive Compounds, privately owned,....

1,367

205,050

69

14,245

263

13,839

Do.,

Government owned,...

21

1,226

TOTAL,..

2,678

256,655

IMPORTS AND EXPORTS (OPIUM) OFFICE.

60. The Return shows that during the year the amount of Opium reported was as follows:-

1896.

1897.

Increase.

Decrease.

chests.

chests.

chests.

chests.

Imported,

34.208

37,708

3,500

Exported,

.33,385/

35,808

2,4224

but not landed,

Through cargo reported 14,838

13,739

1,099

15,251 permits were issued from this Office during the year, being a decrease of 391 as compared with 1896.

A daily memo. of exports to Chinese ports was during the year supplied to the Commissioner of Imperial Maritime Customs at Kowloon; and from the 1st June last, a daily memo. of exports to Macao was, at the request of the Superintendent of Raw Opium Department of Macao, supplied to him.

Surprise visits were paid to 94 godowns during the year.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

R. MURRAY RUMSEY, Retd. Comd., R.N., Harbour Master, &c.

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary,

&c.,

&o.,

Fe.

+

}

HI-TOTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, AND CAL

WITH CARGOES.

BRITISH.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

WITH CAK

NAMES

OF PORTS.

Cargoes.

Cargoes.

Vis.

Tons. Crews.

Vis.

Tons. Crews. Vis. Tons. ¡Crews.

Vis.

Tons. Crews.

Dis- charged.

Transit.

Dis- cha: ged.

Transit.

411

Aberdeen,

Hunghóm,

15,934 3,147-

5,950, 2,291,

Shaukiwán,

858) 161

8,016 2,136

4,425 1,120

3,073,3,963,091|155,105|1.521,568 1,1:5,766;

Stauley,.

Victoria,

Yaumáti,.

Total,....

3,573 3,963.001|155,105|1,521,568, 1,115,700,

319 170,080 7,427 3,392 4,133,15!

,532 1,521,568, 1,115,700 12,407 2,651,508 205,982 1,383 187,000 15,897)

319 179,060 7,427 3,392 4,188,18||162,5821,521,568 1,115,706|15,251 2,875,460 280,513

IV.-TOTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, AND CAR

WITH CARGOES.

BRITISHI.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

WI

NAMES

OF PORTS.

Shipped.

Shipped.

Vis. Tons. Crews.

Vls.

Tons. Crews.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

Bunker Coal.

Vis. Tons. Crews.

VIS.

Tons.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

Aberdeen,

180

6,900

Hunghom,

211

9,219

Shaukiwan,.

Stanley,.

Victoria,

Yaumáti,.

Total,

438

22,477

97 3,855

3,258, 3,944,782 159,987 1,151,882 235,040,

...

3,256 8,944,732159,987 1,154,883|| 295,640

133 100,883 5,802. 25,002 3,801|4,135,815 105,789 1,154,883, 261,242,11,757 2.679,030,

1,073 235,600

190,883 6,802|||||25,602 3,391 4,135,615 165,789 1,154,883| 261,242 14,665 2,957.191

OTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, AND CARGOES OF VESSELS ENTERED AT EACH PORT IN THE COLONY OF

FOREIGN.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST,

TOTAL.

Cargoes.

Cargoes.

Cargoes.

Vis.

Tons. Crews.

Vis.

Tons. Crews,

Vis.

Tons. Crews. Vls.

Tons. Crews.

Vls.

Tor

Dis- charged.

Transit.

Dis- charged.

Dis-

Transit.

Transit.

charged.

411

15,084, 3,147 9,445

871

2,438 637

408

18,402 3.804 9,445

536

5,950, 2,291 5,232

190

12,031 1,587|

732.

17,981 3,748 5,282

253

8,516 2,130

:

101

4,316

4,425 1,120 8,421

390

21,850 3,601

752

80,374 5,437 4,316

40

7111 400 201

5,130 1,520, 3,421

3,392 4,133,15||162,582 1,521,568; 1,115,706) 12,407 2,651,500 205,9821,566,884 780,756 12,723

1,383 187,000 15,897|| 167,394|

1,875

3,392 4,183,151|162,532 1,521,568 1,115,70615,251 2,878,460,230,5131,756,742 736,756 15,320

550,844 85,620 25,130 8.202,350 291,608|1,566,884; 730,756) 187,886 21,157 3,258 374,95 37,054 167,894

775,708 112,67830,671 3,649,228 313,191 1,756,742 736,756 18,324 6,850

!

OTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, AND CARGOES OF VESSELS CLEARED AT EACH PORT IN THE COLONY OF H

411

536,

853

161

15,480

6,61.

1383 187

FOREIGN.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Shipped.

Shipped.

Shipped.

Junker

Vis. Tons. Crews.

Vis.

Tons. Crews.

VIS.

Tons. Crews.

Coal.

Bunker

Bunker

Bunker Cual.

Vis. Tons. Crews.

Cargoes. Coal.

Cargoes. Coal,

Cargoes.

Tunker Coal.

180 6,980 1,671 2,346 211 9,219 1,399 8,059 438 22,477 3,578 19.970 97 3,855 801 2,882

369.

11,442 2,138

498

18,402 3,804, 2.340

526

8,691 2,310

787:

17,910 3,709 8,039

297

7.442 1,713;

785

29,919 5,201 10.970

104

201

5,168 1,522, 2,882

1,313 721 25,602 3,3914,135,615,165,789 1,154,883 261,242,11,757| 2,679,0:0|210,4401,308,838 186,001 13,207 522,48682,900 1,285 159,33513,8:3

1,978 235,650|23,445| 19,345,

25,002 3,301 4,125.615 165,789, 1,154,883|| 261,242,14,665 2,957.191|241,534|1,022,440 160,001 15,728 600,70903,035

18,756 24,964 3,201.516 292,820 1,800.838 184,70 3,258 374,985 37,273 190,845

18,750 3,3933,647,900 344,4191,622,440 184,75

RT IN THE COLONY OF HONGKONG, IN THE YEAR 1897.

189

L.

WITH CARGOES.

TOTAL.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Cargoes.

Cargoes.

Cargoes.

Vls.

Tons.

Crews.

Vls.

Tons.

Crews.

Vis.

Dis- charge.

Tons. Crews.

Dis-

Transit.

Transit.

charged.

Dis- charged.

Transit,

9,445

411!

15,984 3,147

9.445

87

2,438

657

5,282

536

6.950

2,231

5,282

196

12,031

1,537

498 18,402 7321 17,981

3,804

9,445

3,768

5.282

4,316

353

8,516

2,136

4,316

399

21,858

3,301

752 30,374 5,437

4,316

3,421

161

4,425 1.120

3,421

40

711

1,506,884 736,

15,480

6,614,597 361,087

167,894

1333

187,099 15,897

3,088,452, 1,852,462 13,042

167,394

1,875

201 720,904 98,053 28,522 187,886, 21,157 3,258

4001

5,136 1,520 7,35.501 454,140 374,985 37,054

3,421

3,088,4521,852,462

167,394

11,756,742 736,756 18,324 6,536,551 385,618; 3.278,310 1,852,402

15,639

T IN THE COLONY OF HONGKONG, IN THE YEAR 1897.

945,828, 120,105 33,963 7.782,379 505,723 3,278,3101,852,462

TOTAL.

IN BALLAST.

ΤΟΤΑΙ.

WITH CARGOES.

TOTAL.

Shipped.

Shipped.

Shipped.

Tons. Crews.

Vis.

Tons. Crews.

Vis.

Tons. Crews.

Bunker

Cargoes. Coal.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal,

Bunker Coal.

Vis.

Tons. Crews.

Cargoes.

Bunker

Coal.

08

18,402 3,804 2.346

180.

6,960 1,671 2,346

371

17,910 8,709 8,050

211

9,219 1,309 8,059

29,919 5,201 19,970

488 22,477 8,578 19,970

I 5,168 1,522 2,882

8 374,985 37,273 190,845

1,073 235,650|23,445| 190,345|

971 3,800 801 2,882

909 11,442 2,133; 526 8,691 2,310!

7,442 1,713

104 1,318 721

43,201,516,292,820,1,800.838 184,757, 16,015: 6,623,762370,4272,553,721 401,041 13,340 713,369 88,182

44.858 28,955 7,337,131 458,609 2,558,721|| 445,099

3,258 374,985 37,273||| 190,345||

33,647,900 344,419,1,622,440 184,757 17,923) 6,901,023401,3212,777,323||| 401,641|15,861||881,592108,887|||||44,358 33,784; 38,515 510,208 2,777,323 445,999

498 18,402 3,804 2.346

207

737

17,910 3,709 2,059

735

20.919 5,291| 19,970

201

3,168 1,522 2.882

1,285 139,335 13,828

1.-NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, and CARGOES of Vess

WITH CARGOES.

BRITISII.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

COUNTRIES WHENCE ARRIVED.

Cargoes.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.!

Dis-

Australia and New Zealand,

British North Borneo,..

Canada,

Cochin-China,

Coast of China,.

Continent of Europe,

Formosa,

Great Britain,

India and Singape,

Japan,

Java and other Islands in the Indian Archipelago,

Macao,

Mauritius,

North and South Pacific,

Ports in Hainan and Gulf of Tonquin,

Philippine Islands.

Russia in Asia,

Sandwich Islands,...

Siam,

South America,..

United States of America,

Transit. charged.

86

50.478 2,222 41.707 7,390

14:

16.9781 798 18,990

14

40.910 2,907 13,869

1,7341,920,651|75,163| 159,908|| 283,166

4,600

$9,680 22 24,500 1,176 20 50,983 9451 28,031 77,722′ 93 67,751 4,298 24,810 140 830.203) 8,194) 168,526 418,209) 148 243,972) 12,510) 185,023 89,181 166 315,017 11,458 205,872 168,616; 84444 8.120|| 185,837) 6,712 335,109 14,780) 39,928

153 4,015)

4.220

Vessels.

Tons. Crew Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Dis- charze

1,109 16 560 14

87

51.582 2,268 41.7

15 14

17 538 812 18.9.

40,910 2,907 13,8

801 157,781 7,031 2,044 2,148,432 82,194 159.9

1.827 7,882

59

315

9511

500

90:

13

89.433 4,708 113,487 19.082 521

Lik

34,370

6,800

131

155,889 6,556 201,530

2,660

TOTAL...

163,675 5,042 111,279 48,990

3,0733,963,091 155,1051,521,5681,115,706

22 201

24,506 1,170) 39.0

50.988 915 28,0

67,751 4,298 2.4፡፡

330,203 8,194| 163,5

149||| 245,799 12,550) 185,0 170 322,849 11,632 205.8

59

84,444 3,129 135,8. 917 336,000 14,847 39,9

153 4,015

89,4833 4,708 113,4:

4,9:

90

18

19,082

521 34,87

131

135,889 6,556 201,5

75 163,675 5,642|| 111,2)

819 170,000 7,427 3,3924,133,151| 162,5321,521,5:

II. NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, and CARGOES J

BRITISH.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

COUNTRIES TO WHICH

DEPARTED.

Shipped.

Shipped.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Cargoes.

Tons. Crews. Bunker Vessels.

Coal.

Bunker

Coal. Vessels.

Tous. Crews.

Cargoes.

Bunker Vessels.

Coal.

Australia & New Zealand,

87

58,057, 2,870

46,570

5,124

British North Borneo,

13

15,666 791

8,210 4,570

Canada,

201 52,923 3,358|

26,2051

1,200

Cape of Good Hope,

2 2,408 SS

1 150

Coast of China,

2,208 2,864.938 93,826 329,370

96,645

30!

Cochin-China,

21

1,822 71

1.750

760

Continent of Europe,

3

8,421

182

875

1,350

Formosa...

Great Britain,

59,614 3,833|

82.705

8070

1,804 40

2,980 43

34,867 1,483| 42,660 1,8360| 2,507 59 9,021 274

280 38

221

791

59,921 2,916|||| 46,570|| 15.666 55.903 3,396|

2,408

5,404

12

3,210

4,570

26,203

1,200

1,150

5,275 6,100) 570

44.488 1431

2,233 2,399,800 95,259 329,370 101,920 13,348

301

1,750

6,860

7-1

10,928

1,080

87

241 68,635 4,107)

375 32.705

1,920

89

9,150

13

84 222,819,718

50.560

3.410

India and Singapore,

Japan,

Java and other Islands in the Indiau

Archipelago,

101 13,507 629

9,000

Macao,

128) 229,82811,215) 227,985

162 302,516 11,277 227,314|||||25,439||

815 335,109 14,730|| 18.364

43.312

4,810. 12

6,076 107 11,799 217 19,283 396

900 500

2,850

84 222,810 5,718 50,560 131 286.901 11,822 227.985 168 314,815 11,494|| 227,314

3.410

44,212

25,939

183

4,599

22 6:5

Mauritius,

2,780 102

2,339,

2,3001

2,780

32,790 925) 335,109; 14,730) 102:

7,160 9,000

18,364

4.599

551

2,839

2,300

North and South Pacific,

Philippine Islands,

58

Ports in Hainan & G. of Tonquin,!

23

€0,824 2.361| 25,240 1,050

85.510

8,955

12,139

5,260

15 13!

18 156 18,2:3

642 8,210' 569 2,025)

78,480 9,630! 85,510

12.165

16

48,453 1,619) 12,139

7,285

Russia in Asia,

Sandwich Islands,.

Siam,

50

South America,

United States of America,

50.294 2,643 22.760

20 1,555

1.200 64 136,916 4,728 106,879|

11 14.555.

15,108

533

5,312

GI

1,700

24

5,281

6,648

1051

65.397) 8,176: 22,760

5.2551

49 1,200) 68 143,564 4,833 106,379

17,867

5,281

TOTAL,

3,2588,944,732 159,9871,154,883 285,640

133 190,883 5,802|||| 25,602 8,391|4,135,615 165,789 1,154,883 201,242 14,665

R, Tonnage, Crews, and CARGOEs of Vessels ENTERED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong from each Country for the Year ending 31st De

BRITISHI.

IN BALLAST,

TOTAL

WITH CARGOES.

FOREIGN.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Cargoes.

Cargoes.

Cargoes.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews. Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Dis- charged Transit.

Vessels. Tons. rews.

1,109 46 560! 14

37

51.582 2,268

15

41.707 7,890 18 17.538! 812 18,990!

Dis- charged Transit.

28,563 1,302 13,338 6,354

1,228 27 1,360]

Vessels.

Tons. Crews. Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Dis-

Vessels

charged Transit

22 24,506 1,176|

89.680

4.600

120 129,636 8,873

98

20 50.983 915 28,031

67,751 4.298

77,722

100 240,532; 9,589

14 40,910 2,907 13,869

16

167,781 7,031 2,0142.148.432 82,194 159.903) 283,166 13,889,1,556,312 174,683 582.289 254 999′ 15,130| 741,949 10,022 29,019 2,298,261 284.805 582,289||| 254,999, 15,62.

185,307) 17.998! 87.271-200,824

185,807 17,998 14

18 2

28,563 1,302 13.333 6,354

1,228 27 1.360

3

24,516

8:

1,815

97

1187)

1,368

1,827

140 330.208 8,194 163,526 418 509 149 245,799 12,550 185,023 89,181

11

20,976 467

15,561

11,100

42

63,664 2,407

50 271

40.458

7,882! 179

9511

170 322,849 11,632 205,872|| 168,616|

282

414.491 18,757

433,087)

136.514

3

59

84,144 3,129 135.837 6,712

26

24,874 829

31,358

8,550

217

336,000 14,847

39,928

412

54,905| 10,338|

21,654

2.80 8,598 112

19,287 2,184

2,180 79 12 131,816 3,952 100 240.582) 9.589 1:8) 8 8,782 210 20.975, 407 66,471 2,498

87.271 1.137

200,824 12. 9.

11!

15.561 11,100 15

41

50,271 40,458) 19 235 418,089 13,859 483.087 136,514 39

26

584

24,874 8291 $1,358 8,580 ४. 74,190 12,522 21,654

72

3

4,015 153 4,220

500

6,158 22:3 3.090

6,158 2251

3,090

725 82)

738l

725

321

738

90

89,433 4,708) 118,487

SCO

22

16,282 675 22,666

1,400

18

19,082 521 34,370

6,800

303 200,524

8,455|| 240,931||

34.814

716 1.478

16,998! 750 22,666

202,002 8,526 240,931|

2 3,646

148

500

1,715

3,646 148

500

1.400 11 34,314 31

1,715

Z 2,117

34

630

2.117 34

131 135,889 6,556| 201,530|

2.660

13

11,310 414 16,470)

800

18

1,784 31

11,310 444 1.783 31 95,705 2,931

630) 16 470

800 14

168,675 5,642 111,279| 48,990

45 95,705 2,931 49,089 21,700

49.089 21,700 12

319 170,060 7,427 3,592 4,133,151 162,5821,521,5681,115,706 15,251|2,873,460 230,5131,756,742 736,756 15,320 775,768 112,678 30,571 3,649,228 343,191 1,756,742 786,736 18,82

UMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, and CARGOES of Vessels CLEARED in the Colony of Hongkong for each Country for the Year ending 31st Decemb.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

FOREIGN.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL,

Shipped.

Shipped.

unker

Coal.

Tons. Vessels.

Crews

Cargoes.

Bunker Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Coal.

Cargoes.

Hunker Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Bunker

Coal.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Shipped.

Cargoes!

280 38 59,921 2,910

13 15.666 791

22

55,903 3,396|

2 2,408

88

26,203 1,150

46,570 5.404 12 17,751 1,041|

3,210; 4,570

1,266 28 1,200

Coal.

7,225 1,914

190

Vessels. Bunker Coal.

Tons.

2,245 63

13.

5,275 2,233 2,399,800 95,259|||329,370|| 101,920 13,348 1,875,102||181,925, 953,949| 52,640 15,552

1,750 6,860 74 76,476 2,841 76.0.6 18.408

6,100; 301 44,488 1,431|

52

1.343 1,899)

525,278 97,905) 59,989 1,703

40 28

19,996; 1,101 7,225 1.914

2.609 68

190

. 1,890 23

49 75,80 1601 15 16.91 20 52.9:

2

2.40

570

10,928 241

375 1,920 89 219,168 8,937

65,350 81,831

1,080 87

68,635| 4,107] 32,705

900! 500!

131

84 222,819 5,718 50,560 235,901 11,322 227,985 168 314,315| 11,494] 227,314

9,150 13 7,378 311 3.4101

44,212

2.350

25,939 22 $2,790 925 9,000) 7,160 $15 885,109) 14,730) 18,364 4,599 2,780 102 2,339 2,300

551

2

5,339 1,056 10,246 817 1,100 68,456 2,535

47,850 183 315,906 9,607 250,619| 2,684 95 2,400 70,794 12,107 4,033 160 139 16

3,010 28,900 2.400.440 289,825, 938,949, 9,480 126 186,465 4,044 76,616.

89 219,168 8,937 65.350 13: 7,378 3111

55,650) 15,551|4,240,0 22,835 31,331

76 78.25

92 227,58

5 339

1.056

9-1 66,91

200

10,246 317 1.100;

2001

87 233,06

12,831

6,790

228,

945

47 75,246 2,768 47.850

13.776

167 298,28

28,199

19

33,149 948

480

202

550

2 1,874

170

45,368

$1

8.876 435

10

582.

345,055 19,555 250,619

4.058 158 2,400 74.170 12,542 45.368

23,679)

345 618,42

7201 13 16,19

4,300l 1,420

:

772

99

2,025

3,210 7Bi 78,480 8,630 35,510 12.165 16 12,106 5401

361 48,458 ,619 12,139

7,286 268 172,687 7,972

6,555 2.510 99.088 20,476 6 9,095 337 8,750 700

20,901

530

2,016

36

4 083! 160

911 33,007 1,070|

4,300

40 1,420)

866 405.90

6,81

4.7

18

29 28,100 889 1,700

29

195,787 8,861||

190 6,555 99,088 22,176

4,526

74 72,18

3,312

65,397 8,1

2 8.255

49:

22,700 1,200)

17,867

11

4,580

2,290

1,380 66,641

1481

$61 13,589

1,144 25 68 143,564 4,833 100,379 5,2811 39 79,111 2,676

25,002|| 3,391|1,135,615 165,789 1,154,883 261,242 14,665 2,957,191 241,8341,622,440 166,001 15,728 690,709 103,095|||| 18,78€ 30,393 3,647,900 314,4191,622,440 184,757 17,923 6,901,92.

1,080 42 1,675 22 5,568 183

2,270 #3

225

10.175 879

3.750

925

197,92 9,00

1

1.576

580

16

19,157 498

2

1.144;

4580 2.870 1.380

CH

63.38

3 2,69

41:

81,381 2,709; 66.641 1,481 103 261,02

each Country for the Year ending 31st December, 1897.

TOTAL.

TOTAL.

Cargoes.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

Cargoes.

Cargoes.

Grews. Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Dis-

charged Transit

Dis- charged Transit.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews. Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Dis-

18 28,503 1,302 13.333 0,354 64

1,228) 271 1,300

79,036 3,524 55,040 13,744 16 18,206 825 20,350 14 40,910 2,907) 13,869

09,022 29,019 2.298,261 284.805 582,289 254.999, 15,6233,546,963 250,046 742.192 538,165 15,410

79 12 181,816 3,952 185,807 17,998) 142 154,142 5,049||224 987| 22,598 100 240,582 9.589| 87,271| 200,824} 120 291,515 10,534| 115.302 278,546

8,783 210 1.137

90 69,566 4,395| 25,453 20.975 467 15,561

151 351,178 8,661 179.087 429,609 190 307,636 14,917 235,294 129,639 398 729,508 25,210 638.959 305.130,

85 109,318 3,958 167,195 727 390,012 25,068|

9 10,178 378 7,310

1,109 560

46

55

89,145 8,570

14

17

18,766 839:

14 40,910 2,907

charged Transit.

55.040' 19.714 20,359

13,809,

899,730 116,953 31,063 4,416,695 366,999 742.192 538.165 2,180 79 145 156,322 5,128 224.937 22,598 120 291,515 10,534 115,802 278,516 1,968 1:3 101

4.634 181 11,480 201

71,534 4,508 25.453 151 351,178 8,66 179,087 429,900 193 312,270 15,018

405 740,938; 25,501

85 109,318 3,958 90: 410,250 27,369,

285,294, 128.380 638.959' 305,130 107.195

1:8

8

11

911 4.1

66,471 2,4981 50,271

11,100 40,458)

112

235

418,089 13,859 433.087

136.514

26

21,874 829 $1,358

8,580)

15,292

15,202

2,184

584

74,190 12,522]

21,654

61,582

174

20,238 2,301

61.5829

6,158 225

3,090

500

726 32

75

16,998 750

738 22,666

1.400

71

305 202,002 8,526) 240,931]

34,314

3,646

148 2,117 34 11,310 444 1.785 31 95,705 2,931

500

1,715

3 725 32 112 105,715 5,383 316 219,606 8,976 3,646 148

738

136,153

2,260

275,301,

41,114

716 1,478

10,173

378 725, 32 113 106,431 5,458 38 221,084 9,047

7,810

500

738

185,153

2.260

275,301

41.14

500

1,715

2 3,646 148

500

1,715

630

2 2,117 34

630

2 2,117 31

630,

16 470

800

144 147,199 7,000 218,000

है

144 147,199 7,000 218,000

3,160

1,785 31

21 1,785 31

49,089 21,700 120 259,380 8,573 160,368

70,6

120 259,380 8,573 160.368 70,000

12,678 30,571 8,649,228 343,191 1,766,742 786,756 18,324 6,836,551 385,618 3,278,310 1,852,462 15,639 915,828 120,105 33,963 7,782,373 505,72|3,278,310 1,552,462

Country for the Year ending 31st December, 1897.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

TOTAL.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

ssels.

Tous. Crews.

Shipped.

Cargoes.

Shipped.

Shipped.

Bunker

Bunker Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Coal.

13.

19,996 1,101 7,225

2.609 68 1,899 23

190

2 2.408 88

,900 2,100.440 289,823, 933,949

126 186,465 4,044

76,616,

22,833

89 219,165 8,937

65,350

31,331

Bunker Coal.

1,914 43 75,808 8,911 58,795 7,038 1603 15 16,932 819 3,400 4,570 201 52,923 3,353 26,203 1,200

55,650 15,051 4,240,095 285,754,268,319 149,285 15,582

76 78.298 2.412 78,366 14,163 92 227,589 9,119 63,725 82,681

Cargoes

Vessels. Tons. Crews. Coal. Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Kunker

Carloes. Coal.

4,109 103

1,843 40

280 160

4,879 66

51

79,917 4,014 17 13,275 859 23 57,802 3.419

53,796

7.18

3.400 4,750

26,208)

1,200

1,150

560,145 99,338

80

102,655 3,063)

2 2,408 88 1,150 8,285 31,158 4,860,240, 385,092 1,263,319 15,580 156 180.953 5,475 78,260

157.570

20.698

2,507 59

570

13 7,378: 311

5 339

1,056

94 66,992 4,144 38,044

9,126

9,021 274

1,080

93 280,096 9,178. 65,725 100

76,018 4.418

83261

$8.044

10.266

47

10,246 317 75,246 2,768)

1.100

2001

87 233,065 6,030

51,660)

3,610

47,850

202 345,055 19,555 250,619

4.058 158 2,400

13,776 23,679)

167 298,284 13,750 275,835 345 618,422 20,884 477,938|

56,143

11

12,866 335

1,845

582

4 088

3

74.170 12,542 45,368 160 9111 45

720 40 4,300 1,420

86

23.007 1,070

190 6,555

2!

139

16

48,638 18 16,191 624

11,400 5,360 866 405,903 26,837 63,782 4,599

6! 6,813 262

6,639 3,720

190

251

44,948 1,165

141 20,657 459 31 3,376 435

980 2,520

87 233,005 6,030 51,660 178 311,150 14,085 275.885 370 633,370 22,049 477,933

8.610

57,088

49,518

40

27 36,848 1,083 897 409,279 27,272|

11,400 7,880

68.782

4,639

297: 195,787 8,8611

99,088

10.175 879 3.750

4,526 22,176 925

74 72,430 3,501 42,065

201 197,927 9,022| 111,227]

11,465 25,786

772 39,057 1,172

29

3

$,095 337 8,750

1: 1.576

22

16

19,167 493

1.144 20

4 580 1.330

2,870) 61 63,888 3,004||||27,310| 16,845

2,699 50 2,530円

41

81,381 2,709Į 66,641 1,481 103 261,027 7,404 173,020 6,762

333 230 240 10,480 111.227

8 10,175 370 8,750

77 84.554 3,669) 27.340| 20,787

4 4.899 74 2,580

109 224,945 7,542 178,020)

6.702

−1983,647,900| 344,419|1,622,440 184,757 17,928|65,901,923 401,8212,777,823 401,641 15,861 881,592 108,887| 44,858 33,7847,783,515 510,2082,777,323, 445,999

41,313 1,458|

5,226 3,725

6,813 262 911 45 109 111,487 4,673|

6,689)

8,720

190

42,065

16.651

29,461

700

1.080

1.575

16

42 22 20,671 665

225)

925

1 1,575

22

3,892

1

1,700)

6

24 8.918 138

:

191

V.-NUMBER, TONNAGE and CREWS of Vessels of each Nation ENTERED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong

in the Year 1897.

ENTERED.

NATIONALITY

OF

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

VESSELS.

Vessels. Tons. Crews. Vessels, Tous.

Crews.

Vessels.

Tous. Crews.

American,

48

Austrian,

27

68,246 66,594 · 1,614

2,002

66

8,621

429

114

76,867

2,431

27

66,594

1,614

British,

3,073

3,963,091 155,105

319

170,060

7,127

3,392

4,183,151

162,532

Chinese,

176

228,648 9,263

22

26,971

1,086

198

255,619

10,349

Chinese Junks,

13,890

1,089,281165,309

15,099

629,458

107,259

28,989

1,718,789

272,568

Danish,

65

32,149 1,410

8

3,519

204

73

35,698

1,614

Dutch,

2

1,644

40

1,644

39

4

3,288

79

French,

143

169,304

11,607

1,478

71

145

170,782

11,678

German,

602

752,546

23,479

80

66,109

2,325

682

818,655

25,804

Hawaiian,

4

8,256

268

4

8.256

268

Italian,

13

18,913

975

1

794

15

14

19,707

990

Japanese,

148

295,373

10,501

4

4,285

187

152

299,658

10,688

Norwegian,

109

113,371

3,017

33

30.408

950

142

144.175

3,967

Russian,

5

14,585

454

14,585

454

Siamese,

3

1,621

59

1,621

59

Spanish,

5

2,050

175

I

716

Swedish,

10,879

340

1,339

12835

75

2,766

250

13

12,218

378

TOTAL,...

18,324 6,836,551385,618

15,639

945,828 120,105

33,963

7,782.879505,723

VI.-NUMBER, TONNAGE and CREWS of Vessels of each Nation CLEARED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong

in the Year 1897.

CLEARED.

NATIONALITY

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

OF

VESSELS.

Vessels. Tons. Crews. Vessels.

Tous. Crews, Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

American,

102

Austrian,

27

British,

57,956 2,215 66,594

1.614 3,258 | 3,944,732

10

13,933

199

159,987

Chinese,

195

253,718

10,359

133 3

Chinese Junks,

13,246 | 1,208,843

1,208,843

175,366

15,568

190,883 2,141 513,713

5,802 121 97,838

112 27 3,391

70,889 2,414

66,594 1,614

4,135,615 | 165,789

198

|

255,889 10,480 28,814 1,722,556 | 273,204

Danish,

65

32,128

1,429

2,984

191

72

35,112

1,620

Dutch,

3

2,466

61

1

822

19

4

3,288

80

French,

144

170,043

11,312

1

739

32

145

170,782

11,344

German,

602

734,735

23,996

80

84,181 2,402

682

818,916

26,398

Hawaiian,

4

8,256

399

4

8,256

399.

Italian,

14

19,707

1,001

Japanese,

130

257,928 9,461

Norwegian,

109

115,602 3,070

::

23

14

19,707

1,001

22

34

41,690 29,217

1,219

152

299,618 10,680

1,018

143

144,819

4,088

Russian,

5

14,585

473

14,585

473

Siamese,

3

1,621

63

::

1,621

63

Spanish, Swedish,..

4

1,750

155

12 11,229

360

300

989

$33

16

30

2,050

171

12,218

390

TOTAL,...

17,923 6,901,923 401,321 15,861 881,592 108,837 33,784 7,783,515 | 510,208

192

VII.-Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks ENTERED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong, from Ports on the Coast of China, during the Year ending 31st December, 1897.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews.

East Coast,. San On Dis- trict, West River, &c.,

West Coast,

2,004

179,849 18,544

11,360

Passen- Cargo Ves-

Discharged. gers.

Tons. sels.

468 165,108 378

842,352 184,907 90,978 | 340,660 14,194 582,891 | 98,137| 22,477 25,5541,425,243 283,044 113,455 340,660

114 12,177 1,520 140 7,827 360 21,462 3,968|

474 33,639 5,488 145 7,827

Total,... 13,4781,034,378154,971 91,586 513,595|14,932| 614,657|105,210| |22,662 | 28,4101,649,035 260,181|| 114,248 | 513,595

Ves- Tons. Crews. Passen-

gers. sels.

10,304 3,105 180

2,582 190,153 21,649 648 165,108

Tons Crews.

Fassen- Cargo

Discharged.. gers.

Tons.

5

VIII.-Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks CLEARED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong. for Ports on the Coast of China, during the Year ending 31st December, 1897.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews

Cargo.

Crews. Passen-

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

gers.

Cargo Ves- Shipped.

Tons. sels.

Tons. Crews.

Tous. Crews.

East Coast,.. San On Dis- trict, West River, &c.,

974

46,065 7,814

West Coast,

534 20,351 1,306 122,396 12,194

11,319 1,067,264151,201 118,533| 592,780 14,144 381,223 84,061|

405 27,590 4,334

26 17,059 88 7,301 1,169

Total,... 12,698 1,140,919163,349 119,093 630,190 15,538 510,920 97,424

L'assen- Ves- gers. sels.

174 2,280 168,461 20,008 708 20,351

3,298 25,463 1,448,487235,262 121,831 592,780

123 493 34,891 5,503

149 17,059

3,595 28,236 1,651,839 260,773 122,688 630,190

Passen-

gers.

Cargo

Shipped.

Tons.

IX.—Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks ENTERED from Macao, during the Year ending 31st December, 1897.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves-

Tous.

crews.

sels.

Passen-

gers.

Cargo

Ves- Discharged.

Tous. sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen-Ves- gers. sels.

Tons. Crews. Passen-

gers.

Cargo Discharged.. Tons.

Victoria,

412 54,903 10,338

14

21,654 167 14,801 2,049

1 579

69,704 12,387

15 21,654

Total,... 412 54,903 10,338

14

21,654 167 14,801 2,049

1 579

69,704 12,387

15

21,654

X.-Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks CLEARED for Macao, during the

Year ending 31st December, 1897.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tous. Crews. Passen-

gers.

Cargo Yes- Shipped.

sels. Tons.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- gers.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- gers.

Cargo Shipped. Tons.

Victoria,

548 67,924 12,017

765

43,918 | 30 2,793 414

578 70,717 12,431 767 43,918

Total,... 548 67,924 12,017

785

43,918 | 30

2,793

414

2

578

70,717 | 12,431

767 43,915

í

194

XV.-SUMMARY.

No. of

FOREIGN TRADE.

TONS.

CREWS.

VESSELS.

British Vessels entered with Cargoes,

Do.

do. in Ballast,

British Vessels cleared with Cargoes,.

Do.

do. in Ballast,

3,073

3,963,091

155,105

319

170,060

7,427

Total,........

3,392

4,133,151

162,532

3,258

3,944,732

159,987

133

190,883

5,802

Total,.............

3,391

4,135,615

165,789

6,783

8,268,766

328,321

Total of all British Vessels entered and cleared,

Foreign Vessels entered with Cargoes,

Do.

do. in Ballast,

Foreign Vessels cleared with Cargoes, .....

Do.

do.

in Ballast,.......

15,251 2,873,460

230,513

15,320

775,768

112,678

Total,...

30,571

3,649,228

343,191

14,665

2,957,191

241,334

15,728

690,709

103,085

Total.....

30,393

3,647,900

344,419

60,961

7,297,128

687,610

Total of all Foreign Vessels entered and cleared,

Total of all Vessels entered with Cargoes,.

Do.

do. in Ballast,

18,324

6,836,551

385,618

15,639

945,828

120,105

Total of all Vessels entered,...

33,963

7,782,879

505,728

Total of all Vossels cleared with Cargoes,.

Do.

do. in Ballast,

17,923

6,901,923

401,321

15,861

881,592

108,887

Total of all Vessels cleared,.......

33,784

7,783,515

510,208

Total of all Vessels entered and cleared with Cargoes,

80,247

13,738,474

786,939

Do.

do.

do. in Ballast,

31,500

1,827,420

228,992

Total of all Vessels engaged in Foreign Trade only, entered and cleared,

67,747

15,565,894

1,015,931

LOCAL TRADE.

Total of all Vessels entered,

Do.

cleared,

4,750 4,796

186,227

56,583

186,053

57,941

Total of all Vessels engaged in Local Trade only, entered and cleared,

9,546

372,280

114,524

Do.

do.

Total of all Vessels engaged in Foreign Trade only, entered and cleared,

in Local Trade only,

67,747

do.

do.

9,546

15,565,894 372,280

1,015,931

114,524

Grand Total of all Vessels entered and cleared,................

77,293

15,938,174

1,130,455

193

XI.-Grand Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks ENTERED at each Port in the Colony of Hongkong (exclusive of Local Trade), during the Year ending 31st December, 1897.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews.

Aberdeen,

411

358

161

Passen- ! Cargo Ves-

Discharged. gers.

Tons. sels.

15,964 3,147 137 9,445 27 2,438 657 Hunghom..... 536 5,950 2,231

5,282

196

12,031 1,537 Shaukiwán,

8,516 2,136 175 4,316 399 21,858 3,301| 4,425 1,120 52 3,421 40

711 400

Tons. Crews. Crews.

Passen- Ves- gers. sels.

Tons. Crews.

Crews. Passen- Discharged.

Cargo

gers.

Tons.

498

18,402 3,804| 137

9,445

732

17,981 3,768|

5

5,282

Stanley,. Victoria,

Yaumáti,

11,046 867,327'140,778||| 90,924 | 345,391|12,502 404,534 80,207 22,540 | 23,548 1,271,861 220,985 113,464

1,383 187,099 15,897 308 167,394 1,875 187,88621,157 121 3,258 374,985 37,054 429 167,394

Total,... 13,890 1,089,281 165,305 91,600 | 535,24915,099 629,458107,259 22,663 28,989,1,718,739272,568 114,263 | 535,249

752 30,374 5,437 201 5,136 1,520

175

4,316

53

3,421

345,391

XII-Grand Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks CLEARED at each Port in the Colony of Hongkong (exclusive of Local Trade), during the Year ending 31st December, 1897.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- Cargo Ves-

Shipped. gers.

Tons. sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- Ves- gers. sels.

Tous. Crews.

Passen- Cargo

Shipped. gers.

Tons.

Aberdeen,

189

6,960 1,671

295

2,346 309

11,442 2,133

498

18.402 3,804.

297

2,346

Hunghom,

211

9,219 1,399

173

8,059 526

8,691 2,310

68

737

17.910 3.709

241

8,059

Shaukiwán,

438

22,477 3,578

105

19,970 297

Stanley,.....

97

3,855 801

60

2,882 104

7,442 1,713 1,313 721

735

29,919 5,2911

105

19,970

2

2011 5,168 1,522

62

2,882

Victoria,

10,338 930,682144,472 118,995

450,506 13,247

345,490 77,133|

3,237

Yaumáti,

1,973 | 235,650| 23,445| 230

190,345 1,285

139,935 13,828

288

23,585 1,276,172 221,605 122,232 3,258||374,985| 37,273' 518

450,506

190,345

Total,... 13,246 1,208,843 175,366 119,858

į

674,108/15,568

513,713 97,838 3,597 | 28,8141,722,556 275,204. 123,455

674,108

XIII.-Return of Junks (Local Trade) ENTERED at the Port of Victoria from the Out-stations of the Island and the Villages in British Kaulung, during the Year ending 31st December, 1897.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews.

Cargo Passen-

Ves- Discharged. gers. Tons. sels.

Tons. Crews. Passen- Ves- gers. sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen-

gers,

Cargo Discharged. Tons.

Victoria,

3,479 147,931 | 45,737

985 136,418 1,271

38,296 | 10,846 2,218 | 4,750 186,22756,583 3,203 | 136,418

Total,... 3,479 147,931|| 45,737

985 136,418 1,271

38,296 | 10,846 2,218 4,750 186,227 | 56,583 3,203 | 136,418

XIV.—Return of Junks (Local Trade) CLEARED at the Port of Victoria for the Out-stations of the Island and the Villages in British Kaulung, during the Year ending 31st December, 1897.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews.

Cargo Passen-

Ves- Shipped. gers. Tons. sels.

Icrews.

Tons. Crews. Passen- Ves- gers. sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- gers.

Cargo

Shipped.

Tons.

Victoria,

1,530 42,440 | 13,884

1,467

10,212 3,266 143,613 44,057

|

326 | 4,796 | 186,053 57,941

1,793

10,212

Total,... 1,530 42,440 13,881

1,467 10,212 3,266

143,613 44,057

326

4,796 186,053 57,941

1,793

10,212

E

!

}

+

XVI.-RETURN of VESSELS REGISTERED at the Port of Hongkong, during the Year 1897.

195

Name of Vessel.

Official Number.

Regis- tered Tonnage.

Horse Power.

Rig.

Built of

Where built and when.

Remarks.

Pelican, (str.)

84,933 1,399

270

Trial,

95,873

61

Schooner Lorcha

Sai Kong, (str.)

95,874

259

45

None

Iron Glasgow, 1882. Wood Hongkong, 1897. Wood Hongkong, 1897.

Foreigu name Anvers."

<3

Germana, (str.)

95,875

86

28

Schooner Wood Hongkong, 1897.

Kutsing,

107,006

43

Lorcha

Lungshan, (str.)..

107,007

141

28

Schooner

Lungkiang, (str.)

107,008

141

28

Schooner

Cam,

107,009

106

Lorcha

Hoi On, (str.)

107,010

776

24

None

Vale of Doon,

63,211

669

Barque

Lulu,

107,011

79

Schooner

Man On,

107,012

64

None

Ching Po, (str.)

107,013

55

40

None

Lil,

107,014

98

Lorcha

Castle Peak,

107,015

98

Lorcha

For Tong,

107,016

92

Lorcha

Lulu,

107.011

79

Schooner

Kam Ún Fat,

107,017

99

Loreba

Kong Pak, (str.)..

107,018

172

Schooner

Kam Un Fat,

107,017

99

Lorcha

Hai Tong, (str.)

107,019

410

62

None

Chun Wai, (str.)

107,020

289

72

None

Wood Macao, 1887. Composite Hongkong, 1896. Composite Hongkong, 1896. Wood Macao, 1885. Wood Hongkong, 1897. Iron Glasgow, 1869. Wood Hongkong. Wood Canton, 1897. Wood Foochow, 1885. Wood Canton, 1896. Wood Canton, 1897. Wood | Canton, 1897. Wood Hongkong. Wood Macao. Wood Hongkong, 1897. Wood Macao.

Wood Hongkong, 1897. Composite Whampoa, 1888.

Since sold to Foreigners. Transferred from Liverpool. Since sold to Foreigners.

Co

Foreign name Ching Po." Since sold to Foreigners.

Since sold to Foreigners. Since sold to Foreigners. Since sold to Foreigners.

Foreign name “Kutsing.”

Foreigu name

"Chun Wai."

XVII-RETURN of REGISTRIES of VESSELS cancelled at the Port of Hongkong, during the Year 1897.

Name of Vessel.

Official

Number.

Regis- tered Tonnage.

Date of

Registry.

Horse Power.

Rig.

Built of

Where built and when.

Reason of Cancellation.

}

Claro Babuyan,

44,497

358 1882

Barque

Wood

Durham, 1862.

Namoa, (str.),......

65,090

863

1883 130 Schooner

Iron

Aberdeen, 1872.

Wrecked.

Stranded at the northern entrance of

Haitan Straits.

Hongkong, (str),...

88,835

11

1885 9 None

Wood

Hongkong, 1884.

Sold to Foreigners.

Wing Tong, (str.),

95,867

88

1895 33 None

Wood

Hongkong, 1894.

Sold to Foreigners.

Hoi Ou, (str.),

107,010

76

1897 24 None

Wood

Hongkong, 1897.

Sold to Foreigners.

Lulu,

Lil,

For Tong,

107,011 107,014 .....107,016

Lulu,

Kam Un Fat,

107,011 107,017

79 1897 98 1897 92 1897 79 1897 99 1897

Schooner

Wood

Hongkong.

Sold to Foreigners.

Lorcha

Wood

Canton, 1896.

Sold to Foreigners.

Lorcha Schooner Wood Lorcha Wood

Wood

Canton, 1897.

Sold to Foreigners.

Hongkong.

Sold to Foreigners.

Macao.

Sold to Foreigners.

XVIII. SUMMARY of CHINESE EMIGRATION from HONGKONG to Ports other than in China, during the Year ending 31st December, 1897.

BRITISH VESSELS.

FOREIGN VESSELS.

GRAND TOTAL.

WHITHER BOUND.

Adults.

Children.

Adults. Children.

Adults.

Children.

Total.

Total.

Total.

M.

F.

M. F.

To Honolulu, Sandwich Islands,.

"1

Mauritius,

Portland, Oregon,

San Francisco, U.S.A.,

2.459 167

233 201 3,055

69

60 2,755 1,089 59 28

258 1,349

25

201

M. FM. 17.

14 1.190 3 548| 1 1,391 1,602 20

M. R 31.

Z.

226

126

71

3.945

16

30

1

1,649

20

28

56

12 3,751 1,482

16

3 1,509 5,137!

36

72

"

Straits Settlements,.

30,742 4,568

901 555 36,766] 6,5221.454| 223 225 8,424,37,204 6,022 1,124

15 780

5,260

45,190

27

Tacoma, U.S.A.,

1,057

Vancouver, British Columbia,

4,593

» Victoria,

Do.,

1,078

1,057)

4,600 1,079

1,057

1,057

4,593

4.6.0

1,078

1,079

39

Yokohama, Japan,

31

31

31

TOTAL PASSENGERS,

43,888 4,763 1,039 627 50,31710,4421,537 292 243 12,514 54,330| 6,300 1,381|

H

Total Passengers by British Vessels,

Total Passengers by Foreign Vessels,

Excess of Passengers by British Vessels,

870 62,831

!

43.888 4,763 1,030 627 50,317

10,442 1,537 292 243 12,514

33,446 3,226

747 384 37,803

196

XIX.-SUMMARY of CHINESE IMMIGRATION to HONGKONG from Ports other than China, during the Year ending 31st December, 1897.

BRITISH VESSELS.

FOREIGN VESSELS.

GRAND TOTAL.

WHERE TROM.

Adults.

Children,

Adults. Children.

Adults.

Children.

Total.

Total.

Total.

J

I.

M.

F.

AL

M. 7.

F

M. H

From Aroe Bay, and Medan, Sumatra,

208

208

208

208

"

Bangkok, Siam,

*

Callao, Peru,

??

Honolulu, Sandwich Islands,

1,904

1.904

220

231

2,133

2,135

891

89

89

$3

600

10

6305

600

12

10

630

29

3:

Mauritius,

Melbourne,.

New South Wales..

New Zealand Ports.

Portland, Oregon,

Queensland Ports...

574

598

987:

1,001

1,561

19

14

1.599

272

272

12

12

284

284

358

$ 2

370

147

148

505

518

58.

58

13

19

71

1

77

100.

100

100

100

:

333

2

338 169

169

502

507

"T

San Francisco, U.S.A..

3,141 103

53

57) 3,354 2,849 101 58

35 3,048

5,990

204 111

92

6,397

Seattle. U.S.A.,

!

21

241

24

24

3:

11

South Australian Ports,

12

Straits Settlements,

113 74,774 8,792

3

124

115

3

124

1,306

C90 80,562 17,3541,172| 448 233|19.207|| 92,128 |4,964 |1,751

923

99,769

11

Tacoma, U.S.A..

390

1

1

1 393

71

Vancouver, British Columbia.

2,165

12

11

3 2,191

390 2,165

I

I

393

12

11

11

Victoria, British Columbia,..

161

162

161

2,191

162

TOTAL PASSENGERS,

Assault,

84,943, 3,9381,400 775 91,058 22,081 1,285 514 271 24,151 107,0245,2231,914 1,046 115,207

Total Passengers by British Vessels,....

Total Passengers by Foreign Vessels,

Excess of Passengers by British Vessels.

84,9433,938 | 1,400 775 91,056

22,081 1,285 511 271 24,151

62,862 | 2,653 886 504 66,905

XX.--RETURN of MARINE CASES tried at the MARINE MAGISTRATE'S COURT, during the Year 1897.

NATURE OF CHARGE.

No. of Cases.

3

Co

No. of Defendants.

Imprisoned

with Hard

4

*T}{{{B T

Disorderly Behaviour,

1

12

12

Plying for hire without a Licence (Boat),

1

Refusal of duty,.......

13

96

95

DEFENDANTS HOW DISPOSED OF.

Imprisoned

in default

of Fine.

:

:

:

Ι

Fined.

Total,...

18

113

107

1

2

Forfeiture

of pay.

Sent back to

duty.

Dismissed.

:

O

:

:.

1

Amount of Fines.

*

:

2

6

TONS.

8,100,000

8,000,000

7,900,000

7,800,000

7,700,000

7,600,000

7,500,000

7,400,000

7,300,000

7,200,000

7,100,000

7,000,000

6,900,000

6,800,000

6,700,000

6,600,000

6,500,000

6,400,000

6,300,000

6,200,000

6,100,000

6,000,000

5,900,000

5,800,000

5,700,000

5,600,000

5,500,000

5,400,000

5,300,000

5,200,000

5,100,000

5,000,000

4,900,000

4,800,000

4,700,000

4,600,000

4.500.000

XXI-DIAGRAM of Tonnage entered at Hongkong,

RED LINE represents British Shipping Tonnage only, BLUE LINE represents Foreign Shipping Tonnage on GREEN LINE represents British and Foreign Shippi YELLOW LINE represents Junk Tonnage only, exclud THICK BLACK LINE represents entire Trade in Brit.

1867.

1868.

1869.

1870.

1871.

1872.

1873.

1874.

1875.

1876.

1877.

1878.

1879.

1880.

1881.

1882.

I

:

1883.

1884.

ed at Hongkong, from 1867 to 1897, inclusive.

ipping Tonnage only.

Shipping Tonnage only.

and Foreign Shipping Tonnage.

Tonnage only, excluding Local Trade.

= entire Trade in British and Foreign Ships and Junks.

18.9.

1880.

1881.

1882.

1883.

1884.

1885.

1886

1887.

1888.

1889.

1890.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1896.

1897.

TONS.

8,100,000

8,000,000

7,900,000

7,800,000

7,700,000

7,600,000

7,500,000

7,400,000

7,300,000

7,200,000

7,100,000

7,000,000

6,900,000

6,800,000

6,700,000

6,600,000

6,500,000

6,400,000

6,300,000

6,200,000

6,100,000

6,000,000

5,900,000

5,800,000

5,700,000

5,600,000

5,500,000

5,400,000

5,300,000

5,200,000

5,100,000

5,000,000

4,900,000

4,800,000

4,700,000 4,600,000

4.500 000

4,700,000

4,600,000

4,500,000

4,400,000

4,300,00

4,200,000

4,100,000

4,000,000

3,900,000

3,800,000

3,700,000

3,600,000

3,500,000

3,400,000

3,300,000

3,200,000

3,100,000

3,000,000

2,900,000

2,800,000

2,700,000

2,600,000

2,500,000

2,400,000

2,300,000

2,200,000

2,100,000

2,000,000

1,900,000

1,800,000

1,700,000

1,600,000

1,500,000

1,400,000

1,300,000

1,200,000

1,100,000

1,000,000

900,000

800,000

700,000

600,000

500,000

400,000

300,000

4,800,000

4,700,000

4,600,000

4,500,000

4,400,000

4,300,000

4,200,000

4,100,000

4,000,000

3,900,000

3,800,000

3,700,000

3,600,000

3,500,000

3,400,000

3,300,000

3,200,000

3,100,000

3,000,000

2,900,000

2,800,000

2,700,000

2,600,000

2,500,000

2,400,000

2,300,000

2,200,000

2,100,000

2,000,000

1,900,000

1,800,000

1,700,000

1,600,000

1,500,000

1,400,000

1,300,000

1,200,000

1,100,000

1,000,000

900,000

800,000

700,000

600,000

500,000

400,000

300,000

XXII-STATEMENT of the REVENCE collected in the Harbour Department, during the Year 1897.

Head of Receipt.

1. Light Dues, Ordinance 26 of 1891,.......

2. Licences and Internal Revenue not otherwise specified :

Chinese Passenger Ship Licences, Ordinance 1 of 1889, Emigration Brokers' Licences, Ordinance 1 of 1889,.

Fines,

Junk Licences, &c., Ordinance 26 of 1891,

3. Fees of Court or Office, Payments for specific purposes and Re-imbursements-in-

Steam Launch Licences, &c., Ordinance 26 of 1891,.

aid -

Cargo-boat Certificates. Ordinance 26 of 1891,

Discharge of Crews and Seamen, Ordinance 26 of 1891,

Years.

Amount.

$

cts.

114,176.41

380.00 1,000.00 6.00

29,063.80 932.50

1,923.00

10,024.00

Medical Examination of Emigrants, Ordinance 1 of 1889,

Examination of Masters and Engineers of Launches, Ordinance 26 of 1891, Examination of Masters, Mates, and Engineers, Ordinance 26 of 1891, Gunpowder, Storage of, Ordinance 26 of 1891,.

Printed Forms, Sale of, Harbour Regulations, Tide Tables, &c.,.. Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for, Ordinance 26 of 1891,... Registry Fees, (Merchant Shipping Act), Ordinance 26 of 1891, Shipping Crews and Seamen, Ordinance 26 of 1891,.

230.00

2,820.00

13,353.44

19,814.25

181.75

2,880.00

706.00

10,947.20

Steam Launches, Surveyor's Certificates. Ordinance 26 of 1891,.

1,600.00

Survey of Steam-ships, Ordinance 26 of 1891,

11,829.77

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits, Ordinance 6 of 1891,

11,850.00

Engagement and Discharge on board ship, Overtime Fees, C.S.O. 1762 of '97,

515.00

Total,.....

.$

234,233.12

XXIII-RETURN of WORK performed by the GOVERNMEnt Marine Surveyor's DepARTMENT.

Passenger

Certificate and

Remarks.

Inspection of Bottom,

Emigration.

Tonnage for Registration.

British Tonnage.

Foreign Vessels. Certificate for

Inspection of

Crew space,

Lights and

Markings.

Minor Inspec-

tion.

Survey of Licen- sed Passenger

Steam-launches.

Boilers under

Survey of

Construction.

Inspection of Government

Launches.

Examination of Engineers.

Examination of

neers for Steam- Chinese Engi.

launches.

Estimated Total Number of Visits in connection with Fore- going Inspection.

1887,

153

101

1888,

161

97

1889,

180

1890,

112

1891,

108

38

1892,

122

51

1893,

136

74

1891,

124

1895,

102

1896,

142

1897,

158

3828:

62

17

64

68

6

79

24

SO - CO ON CO TO ✪ 10 1-10 co

OPPO

9

1

72

15

14

80

1

6

80

1

228

42

31

930

42

36

1,042

39

36

1,127

84

1

61

19

986

73

3

16

41

19

1,615

85

10

16

60

96

1,678 ·

94

20

19

25

1,659

116

11

28

18

1,364

98

18

34

21 1.452

97

20

37

109

41

85

83

66

1,409

31 1,681

199

200

XXIV.-IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OFFICE.

IMPORTS.

MALWA.

PATNA.

BENARES.

PERSIAN.

TURKISH.

CHINESE.

TOTAL.

chests.

chests.

chests.

chests.

chests.

chests.

chests.

1896,

7,576

17,883

5,008

3,687

54

34,208

1897,

6,167

18,517

7,555

5,134

8

327

37,708

Increase,.

634

2,547

1,447

327

4,955

Decrease,

1.409

46

1,455

EXPORTS.

MALWA.

PATNA.

BENARES.

PERSIAN.

TURKISH.

chests.

chests.

chests.

chests.

chests.

CHINESE.

chests.

TOTAL.

chests.

1896, 1897,.

7,475

16,387

5,378

4,091

54

33,385!

5,964

17,509

7,216

4,790

2

327

35,808

Increase,.. Decrease,

1,122

1,838

699

327

3,986

1,511

52

12243

1,5631/

11896.

Through Cargo reported in Manifests but not landed, 1897,

.14,838 chests. .13,7391

23

Decrease,...

1,099

NUMBERS OF PERMITS, &c., ISSUED.

1896.

1897.

Landing Permits,

352

398

Increase. 46

Decrease.

Removal Permits,

8,650

8,252

Export Permits,

6,509

6,466

898 13

Permits to Chinese Customs' Station, Samsuipoo,

131

135

Memo. of Exports to the Commissioner of Chinese

Customs, Kowloon,

558

564

6

Meno. of Exports to the Superintendent of Raw

Opium Department, Macao,

180

180

SUMMARY OF EXPORTS, 1897.

Malwa Patna Benares Persian Turkish Chinese Chests. Chests. Chests. Chests. Chests. Chests.

Total Chests.

Total in piculs.

By Steamers to Amoy,

58

British Columbia,

:

35 1,530 410

1,8571

+

British North Borneo,

Bunder Abbas,

6

10

21

1

Canton,

Chefoo,

741

3,273

594

2

1.025

4,610 | 5,383.95

3,481

3,840.4375

410

492.

37

40.725

1

9

2

14

25

...

28.2

Foochow,

1,159

1,228

171

Formosa,

Haiphong,

Hankow,

Hoihow,

6

302

491 2,034

3,049

3,341,075

827

2,675 | 2,787.9625

140

140

168.

53

45

2

100

109.4

432

9

441

529.2

London,

32

32

32.8

Macao,...

4,425

2

4,427

5,312.

Pakhoi,

75

32

107

128.4

Panama,

6

3

...

9

10.275

Philippine Islands,.

360

157

517

620.4

Shanghai,

2,421

5,437

3,697

22

11,577

Straits Settlements,

1

114

115

|13,404.35 117.85

Swatow,

1,278

1,604

557

204

3,643

4,080.3

Timor,

1

...

1

By Junks to various adjacent Ports in China,

236

165

1

:

410

1. 443.4

Total......

5,964

17,509

7,216

4,790

2

327

35,808 10,872.75

The information in Column 8 is on the following assumption :

Patna and Benares, per chest,

*

Malwa, Turkish and Chinese, per chest, Persian, per chest,

......

1.20 piculs.

.1. ...1.025

*

HONGKONG.

REPORT

OF THE

445 to 576

COMMISSION

APPOINTED BY

HIS EXCELLENCY SIR WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Hongkong and its

Dependencies, and Vice-Admiral of the same,

TO INQUIRE INTO THE EXISTENCE

OF

INSANITARY PROPERTIES IN THE COLONY,

TOGETHER WITH THE

EVIDENCE TAKEN BEFORE THE COMMISSION,

AND OTHER APPENDICES.

DROI

HONGKONG:

PRINTED BY NORONHA & Co., GOVERNMENT PRINTERS.

1898.

į

CONTENTS.

Preliminary Meeting,

Meeting of 12th February, 1897,

31st March, 1897,....

29th April, 1897,

5th June, 1897,

Evidence of—

Dr. FRANCIS CLARK,

Hon. F. A. Cooper,

Mr. W. DANBY,

Mr. R. K. LEIGH,..

Mr. CLEMENT PALMER,

Appendix No. 1.-The Commission,

*

Page

3

15

21

11

ལ་

24

32

39

111

2.-Form of Subpœna,.....

IV

**

3.-Letter from Director of Public Works to Colonial Sceretary, dated 29th August, Ì

1895,

j

37

:2

*

25

3

4.-Letter from the Secretary to the Director of Public Works, dated 7th August, 1896,

5. The Director of Public Works' reply thereto, dated 8th August, 1896,

6.—Chairman's Minute to the Director of Public Works and The Medical Officer ( of Health asking for their joint Report, dated 13th August, 1896, f

7.-Joint Report, with enclosure, of the Director of Public Works and The Medical Į

Officer of Health, dated 9th September, 1896,

8.—Letter from the Secretary to the Director of Public Works, dated 26th October, Į

1896,

9.-Joint letter of the Director of Public Works and The Medical Officer of Health to the Secretary, forwarding certain statistical statements, dated 14th January, 1897,

VI

VII

XIV

15

35

10.-Secretary's Memorandum of the Commissioners' visit to certain premises on į

29th January, 1897,

XXIX

>>

11.-Letter from the Secretary, Sanitary Board, with enclosure, to Colonial Secretary, į

dated 2nd September, 1896,.

}

A

12.) Tabular statements by Medical Officer of Health of the sanitary condition ( 13. f

of houses in Nos. 5 and 6 Health Districts, dated 1st May, 1897,

14.-Letter of The Colonial Surgeon to The Colonial Secretary, dated 2nd March, 1895,

14(a).-Extracts from the Report of Mr. Osbert Chadwick, on the Sanitary

Condition of Hongkong, dated 19th July, 1882, (C'.—3387)..

XXXI

LII

LIII

:

!

THE INSANITARY PROPERTIES COMMISSION.

REPORT.

1. We met on the 6th August, 1896, and 12th February, 31st March, 29th April, and 5th June, 1897, and examined the following witnesses :---

Dr. FRANCIS W. CLARK, Medical Officer of Health.

The Honourable F. A. COOPER, Director of Public Works.

Mr. W. DANBY,

Mr. R. K. LEIGH, Architects and Civil Engineers practising in the Colony. Mr. C. PALMER,

2. In order to report on the details set forth in the Commission, insanitary buildings have been classified as follows:-

(a) Back-to-back houses.

(b) Houses fronting on narrow lanes.

(c) Houses with insufficient open space in the rear; and

(d) Houses abutting on the hill-side.

3. We have personally inspected 19 houses in eleven different streets and lanes in the Colony and we have had before us and carefully considered certain reports and state- ments (Appendices Nos. 7, 9, and 12) compiled for our information by the Honourable FRANCIS A. COOPER, late Director of Public Works, and Dr. FRANCIS W. CLARK, Medical Officer of Health.

4. We regret to have to report that there are many insanitary properties in the Colony, and dwellings which, in their present condition, are unfit for human habitation. The back portions of a number of the houses visited by us are dark, il ventilated, extremely dirty, and in some cases mere dens of filth. The interior of the cubicles or sub-divisions of the living rooms was such that in the great majority of cases their contents could be seen only by the aid of an artificial light.

We wish to call particular attention to the tabulated statement of the Medical Officer of Health (Appendix No. 12) in which he states that in the Health Districts Nos. 5 and 6 out of a total of 3,095 Chinese houses only 565 can be said to be in a fairly good sanitary condition. He further states that the balance 2,530 are insanitary and have been classed into A., B., C., D., and their various defects are shewn therein. In the other health districts of the Colony, it appears from his evidence that a similar unsatisfactory state of affairs exists. The Medical Officer of Health in his Annual Report for 1896 shews that 3,095 houses in the said districts represent 8,700 separate dwellings and embrace a population of about seventy-two thousand inhabitants.

5. We are of opinion that there is no need for the resumption of any large proportion of these properties. The alterations and improvements we are about to recommend will, in our opinion, render by far the greater number of them fit for habitation. Resumption is only necessary where properties are so divided and sub-divided that it would be difficult or impossible to get the several owners to agree on any combined plan for the improvement of the dwellings, or where the lots of land are so small and the buildings on them of such dimensions that to make the needful improvements in them as they stand would leave the existing houses more or less useless for all practical purposes. Mr. LEIGH, in his

-4;

T

L

evidence, calls attention to such properties in Hillier Street, &c. Should resumption become necessary in any of the cases indicated, the areas affected will probably be small, and the expenditure required could, no doubt, be easily met out of ordinary revenue. We have to recommend that the Ordinance enabling the Government to resume insanitary properties should be amended in the sense of the Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1890, in force in England so as to allow of deductions being made on account of illegal rents, insanitary conditions, &c., &c. when assessing compensation. Any such resump- tious as may be necessary, and some will be, if the Colony is to be put in a thoroughly sanitary condition, can be carried out so that there will be no need for any extensive removals of the inhabitants, and therefore the question of housing the displaced population hardly arises. We are of opinion, as to the great majority of insanitary dwellings, that they can be rendered fairly sanitary and fit for habitation by the enforcement of the follow- ing recommendations, as the principal defects in the existing buildings arise from want of adequate light and ventilation.

Class A. Back-to-back Houses.

6. Where these houses have each a greater total depth than 26 feet from front to back one-half of the entire space intervening between the principal rooms and the enclosing walls at the back of the premises on each floor should be open to the sky, severe penalties should be inflicted on any one closing or allowing said space to be closed and the Magistrate should have full power to order the prompt removal of the obstructions.

Where in back-to-back houses over 26 feet in depth there is now no space between the principal rooms and the enclosing walls at the back of the premises the land-owner should be compelled by law to so alter the construction of his house as to provide for an open space at the back of not less than 40 square feet.

Wherever there is now, or wherever there is to be constructed under the recom- mendations contained herein, an open space at the back of any house, a window not less than one-thirtieth of the floor area must be opened into it from the back of the main room.

These regulations should not apply to houses situate at the corner of two main streets, and adequately lighted from two sides.

Class B. Houses fronting on narrow lanes.

7. In houses fronting streets less than 15 feet in width, no cubicles should be allowed on the ground floors.

Class C. Houses with insufficient open space in the rear.

8. One-half of the entire space intervening between the principal rooms and the enclosing walls at the back of the premises on cach floor should be open to the sky such space not to be less than forty square feet in any case.

Class D. Houses abutting on the hill-side.

9. One-half of the entire space intervening between the principal rooms and the hill- side against which the premises abut should be open to the sky such space not to be less than forty square feet in any case.

10. We are of opinion that the provisions of Section 9 of Ordinance No. 15 of 1894 are sufficient for the purposes of abating overcrowding.

11. We are of opinion that immediate effect should be given to these recommenda- tions by legislation.

12. We consider that no cubicles should, in future, be permitted on any

floor in any dwelling that has not a window or windows opening directly into the external air of a total area of not less than one-tenth of the floor space.

13. In his examination the Medical Officer of Health referred to the question of cubicles and suggested their reduction from the present height of eight feet to

2

six feet, but in this he is not supported by the other witnesses the local architects being averse to any change as the present height was decided upon so recently as 1894. We, however, recommend that no cubicles of a greater height than seven feet unless the height of the room exceeds thirteen feet be permitted to be erected or re-erected hereafter in any domestic dwelling.

14. We recommend that owners of Private Streets and Lanes be required at their own expense to surface, channel, and light such Streets and Lanes, and to maintain them in a sanitary condition.

15. In conclusion, we now deal seriatim with the questions referred for our con- sideration in the order set forth in the Commission.

We are of opinion--

(i) That it is unnecessary for the Government to resume insanitary properties

generally, and improve them and re-sell them.

(ii) It being unnecessary to resume insanitary properties generally, no means

for their resumption need be provided.

(iii) The said properties should be improved in the manner suggested in this Report, and should be carried out by the owners at their own cost, failing which they should be carried out by the Government, and the owners called upon to refund the cost.

(iv) It is not necessary to provide means for housing the occupants of any dwellings pending improvements, as such improvements could be carried out without any undue inconvenience to such occupants.

(v) As the improvements will be carried out at the cost of the owners of the properties, no capital will be required for resumption and improvements except in those cases where the making of such improvements may result in absorbing so much of the land as to leave the remainder so small or of such a form as to yield but poor return to the owner. In such cases it may become necessary for the Crown to resume; but such cases we are informed, on the authority of the Director of Public Works, will be extremely rare.

16. In support of the necessity for the above recommendations we would beg a careful reference to the following reports in which the urgent attention of the Government has been for many years and is again earnestly directed to the great depth of the bulk of the Chinese houses as compared with their width to the want of open space in the rear thereof, and to the consequent serious defects in the lighting and ventilation of such buildings. We desire to call special attention to Mr. Chadwick's reports of 1882 and 1890 and to the plans and drawings contained in the former.

(i) The Colonial Surgeon's reports dated Hongkong, 15th April, 1874, and 5th April, 1875, ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 25th August, 1881.

ii) Mr. Osbert Chadwick's report on the Sanitary Condition of Hongkong presented to both Houses of Parliament in August, 1882, more particularly paras. 149-154. Mr. Chadwick's reports dated 1st July, 1890.

(iii) The report of the Permanent Committee of the Sanitary Board dated 29th June, 1894.

(iv) The reports of the Committee on Housing the Chinese dated Hongkong, 28th July, and 13th August, 1894.

(v) The Colonial Surgeon's letter dated Hongkong 2nd March, 1895, forwarding to Government the letter and report of the Medical Officer in charge of Epidemic Hospital and Acting Superintendent of Government Civil Hospital, &c., on the Epidemic of Bubonic Plague dated Hongkong 1st March, 1895.--(the letter in question and paras. 149- 153 of Mr. Chadwick's report of 1882 will be found in Appendices Nos. 14 and 14 (a));

(vi) The report of the Medical Officer of Health for the year 1896; and

(vii) The tabulated statement of the Medical Officer of Health (Appendix No. 12) which shews that no more than about 18% of the Chinese dwellings in the City of Victoria can be regarded as "in a fairly good sanitary condition."

C. P. CHATER.

T. JACKSON.

T. H. WHITEHEAD. } See further recom-

N. J. EDE.

}

mendations

foot hereof.

at

I agree with the above Report, with the exception that I am of opinion that para- graph 7 thereof should read as follows :

7.—In houses fronting on narrow lanes less than 15 feet in width, no cubicles should be allowed on any floor,

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Chairman.

Note.-Paragraph 7: We are of opinion that this should read as follows: --

7.—In houses fronting on narrow lanes less than 15 feet in width, no cubicles whatever should be allowed on any floor, and in houses fronting on lanes and streets of over that width no cubicles should be allowed on the ground floor without the permission of the Sanitary Board.

To paragraph 13 we desire to add:-

We are further of opinion that no cubicles erected or to be re-erected in future shall be placed nearer than six feet to any window the area of which is included in calculating the required window area of one-tenth of the flour area.

We also desire to add the following:-

17.-Upon mature consideration we strongly recommend that the further erection of dwelling-houses of a greater depth than 30 feet, which cannot be ventilated and lighted on each floor from the back as well as from the front, should be absolutely prohibited and such ventilation should be provided by means of an open space, or yard, of an area not less than one-eighth of the arca occupied by the building.

T. H. WHITEHEAD.

N. J. EDE.

HONGKONG, 9th March, 1898.

-

1

THE INSANITARY PROPERTIES COMMISSION.

No. 1.

COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG.

Thursday, 6th August, 1896, 4.30 P.M.

PRELIMINARY MEETING.

Present. The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, (Chairman).

The Honourable C. P. CHATER.

وو

N. J. EDE, Esq.

T. JACKSON, Esq.

T. H. WHITEHEAD.

1. Read the Commission dated the 29th July, 1896.

2. Resolved that the Director of Public Works be requested to furnish the Com- mission with a complete list, with plans attached, shewing the Insanitary Properties divided into 3 classes-bad, worse, worst.

3. Resolved that the Commission meet every French Mail Wednesday at 2.30 P.M., and every Tuesday at 4.30 P.M. when the day following is not a French Mail day.

4. The meeting is adjourned sine die.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Chairman.

A. SETH,

Secretary.

The Commissioners met at 2.30 p.m. on the 12th February, 1897.

There were present:-The Honourable J. H. STEWart Lockhart, (Chairman).

The Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD.

Mr. N. J. EDE.

Mr. T. JACKSON.

Mr. A. SETH, (Secretary).

Absent: Honourable C. P. CHATER.

The minutes of the first meeting of the Commissioners were read by the Secretary and confirmed.

The CHAIRMAN-Since we held our preliminary meeting, the minutes of which you have just heard read, we have received three letters, one from the Director of Public Works dated the 8th August, 1896, one from the Director of Public Works and the Medical Officer of Health dated 9th September, 1896, and a further one from the Director of Public Works and the Health Officer dated 14th January, 1897. All these letters have been circulated among the members of the Commission and they will be printed in the Appendix. Since we met we have visited certain properties in company with the Apendices. Medical Officer of Health, and in accordance with the desire of the Commissioners we have requested that Officer to come here to-day to be examined by the Commissioners.

5, 6, 7, 9,

Appendix

10.

(4)

The Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Before we proceed with Dr. CLARK'S examination would it not be well to have a statement inserted in the proceedings showing the number of houses and streets which the Commissioners visited ?

The CHAIRMAN-Yes, the Secretary has a list of all the houses.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Will detailed statement be put in?

The CHAIRMAN-It will be printed in the Appendix.

Dr. FRANCIS CLARK was then called.

The CHAIRMAN-Dr. CLARK, you are the Medical Officer of Health attached to the Sanitary Board?

WITNESS-I am.

The Director of Public Works and you have furnished the Commission with a general report, dated 9th September, 1896, as to the sanitary condition of the buildings in the Colony ?--Yes.

With regard to that report I observe you divide insanitary dwellings structurally into four classes, namely, back to back houses, houses fronting on narrow lanes, houses with insufficient open space in their rear, and houses abutting against the hillside ?-Yes.

With regard to the houses we visited the other day, a list of which will be inserted Appendix in the Appendix, to what class do they belong ?-Back to back houses, houses fronting on narrow lanes, houses with insufficient open space in their rear, and I think one house was visited which abutted against the hillside. They practically comprised all the classes specified in the report, but principally the first three.

Then the houses we visited include all the classes you have given in this report ?—Yes.

Taking the first class, back to back houses, are there many houses of that kind in Hongkong ?—Yes, there are a large number. I cannot give you the numbers now.

Could you let us know what the numbers are?-Without going through every house in the city I do not know that I can give them. In connection with several of the houses which the Commissioners visited there was a narrow lane, and you may remember we got into one lane at the back of a house and there was just room enough to stand there; the lane was about two feet wide.

Could you give us the total number of houses in Victoria and state how many of those houses belong to the various classes of insanitary dwellings mentioned in the report of the 9th September, 1896 ?—I could let

have that: my you

last annual report gives the total number of houses as about 7,000.

It would be useful to know how many houses really come within the classification.- In the Colony or in the City?

In the City of Victoria and in the villages.-I can give no information upon that point in regard to the villages at present.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Are the villages a portion of the subject into which we are asked to enquire?

The CHAIRMAN-Yes, the villages are dealt with in the report of the 9th September. Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-I would suggest the desirability of the Medical Officer of Health furnishing a statement to a later date giving the number of houses which come under the various headings in the report.

The CHAIRMAN-According to the classification?

(5)

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Yes.

The CHAIRMAN-Can that be done?

WITNESS-Yes, but I am afraid it will take two or three months.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-I would suggest that the statement should appear in the proceedings; as it would serve a useful purpose to have that containing the houses in each respective district?

WITNESS-Ob, yes.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-We shall, I understand, deal with this matter in the way of districts. We cannot take all the districts at once so it would be better to deal with each district.

WITNESS-Would you like that list for the whole Colony or for the City of Victoria? I could get it for the City of Victoria much easier than for the whole of the Colony. The Police do the work in the villages and-

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-The villages are not of so much importance as the City.

Mr. JACKSON We decided at our meeting to take district by district and I think we should make an exhaustive report of the districts we visited the other day and finish with them.

The CHAIRMAN-Yes, I suggest that we go on with those districts.

Mr. JACKSON-I think we should first find how many of the four classes men- tioned in that report are included in the districts we visited the other day.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Which were the districts?

WITNESS-Nos. 5 and 6.

Mr. JACKSON-If this Commission is going to do any good it will not be in pointing out that the place is in a bad condition but in remedying that condition.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Remedying it, yes, that's it.

The CHAIRMAN--We might take Districts 5 and 6 and report on the houses in those two districts which come within the classes mentioned in the report.

Mr. JACKSON-All of which are distinctly objectionable as habitable dwellings. Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-They are practically in an insanitary condition and ought to be remedied.

The CHAIRMAN--In regard to the houses in the districts visited by the Commission I understand that the Commissioners would like to ask the Medical Officer of Health some questions.

Mr. JACKSON-Is it your opinion, Dr. CLARK, that all the houses we visited the other day are insanitary and ought to be remedied?

WITNESS-It is.

Are there any other houses in that district? I suppose we only saw a fair specimen ?--You simply saw samples, yes.

Mr. JACKSON-The last time we met here we said that above all things we ought to avoid a repetition of the mistakes made in connection with Taipingshan and not report without being prepared with a scheme for the future. For instance, if we decide that certain of the houses are insanitary they ought to be taken in hand and dealt with--- the properties resumed or the defects remedied, and we ought to deal with them finally and fully before we submit our report. My own opinion is that all the houses I went into are not fit for human habitation, and it is the duty of the Government to remedy that

(6)

defect. In Bombay now, and in Calcutta more particularly, where there is no plague, they are waking up to the fact that the city is in a fearful state. As long as there were no rumours of plague they were all quiescent about it, but now that the plague is at their doors they are beginning not only to look at Bombay but at Calcutta and at other large cities. It is not the time when the plague is amongst us to make the alterations; the time is when we are comparatively free from plague that we ought to try to get the city into a proper state.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-It seems to me we ought to take the question in this way back to back houses. Let us select Districts 5 and 6, find out how many back to back houses there are in that district and what are the remedies to be applied to place these back to back houses in a sanitary condition.

Mr. JACKSON-Have we powers, Mr. CHAIRMAN, to go on with the thing, or have we got to recommend to the Government ?

The CHAIRMAN-The Commission states "whether it is desirable to resume insanit- ary properties, improve them, and then re-sell them."

Mr. JACKSON-There were some properties we visited the other day, and one belonged to the Spanish Procuration. Surely, it would be for them to put the property in a sanitary condition.

The CHAIRMAN-That is a question we shall have to consider-as to who shall be called upon to put the properties in a sanitary condition; but I do not think we can make any recommendation on that head, or on any head, until we have some further informa- tion before us and until our enquiry has been a little more extended. There can be no doubt, judging by our visit the other day, that it is highly desirable that the houses we saw should be placed in a sanitary condition. I am certain there are a large number of other houses like them.

Mr. JACKSON-As I said, we must take Districts 5 and 6.

The CHAIRMAN-Districts 5 and 6 will form a very good basis to work upon.

Mr. JACKSON-And it will be a considerable thing for the Director of Public Works to tackle.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-May I ask you, Dr. CLARK, if you consider that Districts 5 and 6 are perhaps as bad or even worse than the other Health Districts in the City

?

WITNESS-They are as bad, but I cannot say they are worse except to the extent that they are more densely populated. In District No. 5 there are 1,825 Chinese houses which probably mean 5,000 odd dwellings. In District No. 6 there are 1,225 houses, representing about 3,700 separate dwellings, into every one of which an Inspector should go once in two months at least. The next in size is probably District No. 4 in which there are about 3,000 dwellings; the other districts contain somewhat fewer dwellings.

We are tackling the two biggest Districts ?-Yes, but not in size; simply in density of population. In size they are two of the smallest.

The CHAIRMAN-From a sanitary point of view they are as important as any other district. The Commission also refers to "The means by which such properties are to be resumed and the compensation to be paid for same assessed; how the said properties should be improved and by whom such improvement should be carried out."

Mr. EDE-We shall have to decide by and by as to who should carry out the improvements and so on. I would like to ask Dr. CLARK to tell us, in regard to some of the houses he saw, what means should be carried out now-what means can be carried out short of resumption, short of pulling down the whole property; and then we shall arrive, if we get evidence to that effect, to a sound conclusion as to who is to

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pay for it-as to who is to do it. It is not a question now of resuming property, but how that property can be improved.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-In the meantime ?

Mr. EDE-No, permanently. If it is a question of putting a few windows in a house that is a different thing to having to pull down a part or the whole of a house. I would like to know if Dr. CLARK can tell us what improvements he suggests shall be carried out in those places we saw.

What are their nature?

WITNESS-I can do that; in fact, that is what I have prepared for to-day-to deal with the houses which we saw and to make what suggestions I can for their improve- ment; and those suggestions will practically apply to all the other houses in the Colony. First, in regard to cubicles. Ordinance 15 of 1894, section 8 (b), permits cubicles to be erected in dwellings with partition walls at a height of eight feet. I certainly think the members of the Commission who saw the cubicles the other day will admit that these cubicles, which are within the law, are extremely dark. One of my suggestions is that cubicles shall still be permitted, because I am afraid we cannot dispense with them altogether; of course, from a theoretical point of view cubicles are a mistake when we have houses with rooms 25 to 50 feet deep by 13 feet wide, but of course the Chinese want privacy. As far as I can see the Chinese must have these cubicles, but I am of opinion that the height of these cubicles should not exceed six feet. I have brought a six-foot measure just to show you that there is no fear of the ordinary Chinaman looking over a cubicle six feet in height. If he wants to look over he must get a stool and stand upon it, and he can do that just as easily with an eight-feet cubicle as he can with one of six feet. It will not diminish the privacy of these cubicles, which you must remember are only about 10 feet by 8 feet, or even less as a rule, but it will materially lessen the darkness. That is one of my suggestions for improving these dwellings.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-How do you think the Chinese would receive the alter- ations such as you have suggested?

WITNESS-I do not see that they can make any reasonable objection. If we were to cut the cubicle down to 5 feet or 4 feet I could understand that they would make a serious objection.

Have you had any conversation with any of the Chinese on the subject as to how they would view such an alteration?-No. We have had no difficulty in getting the cubicles cut down to 8 feet.

From what?-From right up to the ceiling.

Twelve or fourteen feet ?-Sometimes they were a foot or two from the ceiling, but frequently they went up to the ceiling.

There was no difficulty experienced in cutting them down ?-None whatever.

Mr. EDE-When was that done?

WITNESS-It has been done since 1894-under Ordinance 15 of 1894. I think it would make an enormous difference in the lighting of these cubicles. There is no question that they are pitch dark, at present, in many cases.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Is there any other remedy in addition?

WITNESS-Yes, several. That is my first suggestion. Now I come to the restriction that cubicles should be permitted only in rooms which have a window area kept clear and unobstructed of not less that one-tenth of the floor area and opening directly into the external air. That is a simple remedy and one that can be applied to every house, and it will make an enormous difference in the lighting of the premises.

Can you give us any idea as to what the cost of putting the window in the wall would be?-Some have it in already and some have not. I cannot say what the cost

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would be. By Ordinance 15 of 1894 that regulation at present applies to all dwellings erected after the passing of that Ordinance. I would apply it to every existing domestic dwelling in which cubicles are erected.

You would make it retrospective?—Yes, so far as the houses containing cubicles are concerned. These cubicles are put up almost always by the tenant; they are not the property of the landlord nor do they form any part of the original structure of the house.

And when the tenant leaves does he take the cubicles with him ?-That all depends upon their worth. My own experience is that they are generally put up by the tenant. The tenant takes a floor, puts up cubicles, and sub-lets each cubicle to a family.

He is not the occupant?-He is the occupant of one of the cubicles. He sub-lets the other cubicles.

In fact he farms them out?—Yes.

Any further remedy ?-Then, further, I would suggest that no cubicles be per- mitted except upon the top floors of houses fronting on streets less than 15 feet wide. You will remember that some of the houses we went into were houses three or four storeys in height fronting on lanes 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 feet wile. Even without cub- icles these rooms are dark. You will remember that in some of these rooms which were used as common lodging houses there were no cubicles and they were fairly light and clean; in similar rooms, which were used as family houses, there were cubicles which were very dark. So that I would suggest that no cubicles be permitted except on the top floors of houses fronting on streets less than 15 feet wide.

The CHAIRMAN-Would it exclude the first floor?-That depends upon the height of the building. A 15-feet wide street is the minimum allowed by law at the present time.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Have you formed any estimate as to what reduction in the value of property that would make?-No, I cannot say that at all.

How would you utilize the two or three floors without cubicles? For what pur- pose could they be employed?---Rather more than 70 per cent of the Chinese inhabitants of this city are males and it is only in the case of a family house that cubicles are wanted. That is natural where you have women as well as men. It practically means that these rooms will be used as common lodging houses, and I believe common lodging houses fetch quite as good a rent as family houses. I would put the families on the upper floors and the men on the ground floors in such buildings.

Have you formed any idea as to whether it is a feasible project ?-Yes, I am certain it is.

You think there is enough accommodation on the upper floors for all the families? Yes, there is not an enormous number of narrow lanes; the whole are included in this list and they contain 1,123 houses, out of about 7,000 houses in the City of Victoria.

To go back to the classification of the dwelling houses; could you in that state- ment give us the houses in which cubicles are already in use? I quite realize it entails very heavy work to prepare such a statement as we have asked for, but it seems to me it is desirable we should have it.

The CHAIRMAN-Showing the houses in which there are cubicles?

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD--Showing the houses in which cubicles are used. WITNESS The proportion of floors, it really means, Sir. Of course a certain number only have one cubicle.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-What, on the ground floor?-Anywhere. That will include a certain number of these common lodging houses. A common lodging house

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is kept by one man who may have a cubicle to himself, and all the rest of the floor is let out to his lodgers, so that such a return will not give you the proportion of family houses to coolie houses, unless it specifies floors with more than one cubicle.

Yes, cubicles more than one--That simply means that it is occupied by more than one family.

Mr. EDE-If Dr. CLARK did that with Districts 5 and 6 we should have very fair information as to what we should propose to do in regard to the others.

The CHAIRMAN-I think we had better confine ourselves to the two districts, as Mr. JACKSON suggested.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Yes, only Districts 5 and 6 and leave out the remainder for the present.

Mr. EDE-In a street which is wider than 15 feet, say, a street 25 feet wide, do you suggest that cubicles should be allowed upon all the floors ?-Yes, with anything over 15 feet I think that the angle of incidence of the light is sufficient to render them fairly habitable, if my previous suggestions, to reduce the height of the partition walls, and to ensure adequate window area, are adopted.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-I think your question does not imply that streets over that width-

Mr. EDE-I wanted to be sure. Do you suggest that any of these cubicles should have some kind of window of glass which could let in the light? I notice that two or three cubicles had a glass pane in them to admit the light. Do you think that would be a thing to require of them?

WITNESS-Where did they have them?

I think I saw one or two of these cubicles that had a little square window-Opening into where?

Into the narrow alley-way. These alley-ways had cubicles on each side. There are a few generally on one side.

A

I think I saw one or two, if not more, that had a little square window in the cubicle itself. I do not think it would be of any use because the cubicles are generally stocked up with a bed and clothing. The cubicles are occupied by a family and the consequence is that the whole of the family property is stocked in that little cubicle and the bed occupies a considerable portion, and there are hangings all round the walls. I think we must hope to get our light through the top.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD--Supposing it was a condition that the window was required, that window could very easily be filled up with frosty-glass so the occupants would enjoy as much privacy as if the window was not there.

The CHAIRMAN-I understand the witness does not object on that ground, but on the ground that it would not be of much use.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-I think my contention is practically correct.

The CHAIRMAN-He points out that the room is so full of material that there would be no light.

WITNESS-I thought the suggestion was that it should be made compulsory.

Mr. T. JACKSON-Dr. CLARK is right.

The CHAIRMAN--Do you think that the question of the window might be considered?

WITNESS-I do not think it is any use considering it if it is to be compulsory. Mr. JACKSON-We had better not pursue that. I would only insist think would be absolutely useful.

upon

what we

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WITNESS—I was going to say, with regard to these cubicles, that while suggesting they should be only six feet high, I do not wish to do away with the present law that there must be a space of 4 feet between the top of the partition and the ceiling. That is a regulation which is in force now. You may have a room which is only ten feet high, and that would be all right; but you may have a room only 9 feet high and in that case the cubicle can now only be five feet high. I do not wish to go back upon that. I do not wish to do away with anything that does exist, but only to make additional regulations.

Mr. JACKSON-There should be no retrograde movement.

WITNESS-Still keeping to these narrow lanes I think that no further obstructions should be allowed in narrow private streets upon which houses front. At the present moment there are narrow lanes with houses fronting the lane and there is nothing to prevent the owner of that lane, if it is a private one, from putting an erection there and so blocking up the entrance and exit with the exception of a space sufficient for one person to pass through. They have the power to do this, and throughout the city at the present moment they are building rooms at the entrance to these private lanes to be used as tobacconists' shops, fruit stalls, etc.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-I certainly think the sooner that is put a stop to the better. It ought to be put a stop to forthwith.

Mr. ED-There is no power at present.

The CHAIRMAN-Are these lanes private property?

WITNESS-Yes. We have power to prevent them from doing so, if the backs of the houses look on these lanes, but not if the fronts of the houses look on the lanes. It seems very strange, but it is so.

Hon. T. H. WITEHEAD-I think we ought to at once suggest to the Government the necessity of amending the Ordinance so as to make it apply to what you have now told us.--The exit can be blocked up at present except as a thoroughfare-just room for one person to pass through at one time.

Mr. EDE-I do not think we ought to recommend piecemeal.

The CHAIRMAN-I quite agree with you. Are there many lanes of that kind, Dr. CLARK?

WITNESS-You have a list of the lanes there; there are about 100 of them; I cannot say how

many of them are obstructed in that way at the present time.

They all can be ?-Yes, that is my point. It is being done every day, and I had a plan before me the other day showing an obstruction to one of these lanes. It was sent to me as Medical Officer of Health and I had to put a note on it to the effect that the Board had no power to prevent the practice. I have a note here suggesting that the Government should take over all private streets and light and maintain them after they have been paved and channelled by the owner. That is what is done at home and it seems to me to be a most reasonable arrangement. An owner of house property provides a street as a means of access to his houses, paves it and channels it, and then the Sanitary Authority take charge of it and maintain it in a proper sanitary condition.

you

The CHAIRMAN-If private lanes were taken over in that way would the difficulty have mentioned occur?-No. At home there is no compulsion for an owner to hand a private street over to the Sanitary Authority, but if he retains it himself he must maintain it to the satisfaction of the Sanitary Authority. If he does hand it over it becomes public property.

You recommend that legislation should be introduced compelling the owners of private lanes to keep them in a sanitary condition or, failing that, to hand them over to the Government after they have been paved and channelled?—Yes, after they

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have been paved and channelled. There is some difficulty in keeping these private streets in order and I think the Director of Public Works will be able to tell you about that. The only law we have at present is that open spaces on which slops may be thrown must be paved and channelled, but there is no liability thrown upon the owners to pave and channel private streets, unless it can be proved that the condition of the street is such as to be a nuisance, and injurious to health.

Your suggestion is that legislation should be introduced so as to have these lanes maintained in a sanitary condition ?" Sanitary condition" is perhaps too vague. I should say properly paved and channelled. That is the wording of the home act- the Public Health Act, 1875, s. 150 which says: "where any street within any urban sanitary district..... ....is not sewered levelled paved metalled flagged channelled and made good or is not lighted to the satisfaction of the urban authority, such authority may by notice addressed to the respective owners or occupiers...............require them to sewer level pave metal flag channel or make good, or to provide proper means for lighting the same, within a time to be specified in such notice.”

We have no such power?—No.

You recommend that similar power should be introduced into the Legislature here ? -I do, and that if the Sanitary Authority take over the street it must be regarded as Crown property from that time.

Mr. JACKSON-It would be bad to live in the houses in this cold weather, but you said in summer they sleep in the streets. Would they be allowed to do that in the public streets?--I think they do. I think it is rather an advantage than otherwise from the public health point of view.

The CHAIRMAN-I have seen them sleeping under the verandahs in the public streets.

Mr. EDE-I do not think Dr. CLARK says the Government should take the streets over entirely. I think you would find a good deal of opposition to that. If it became a public street the police would interfere and say "You can't put your goods here and you can't sleep here."

WITNESS-I think it must be optional. I do not think it is wise to compel owners to hand over their streets, but if they do not, they should be compelled to pave and channel them, and then maintain them in a sanitary condition.

The CHAIRMAN-Any further suggestions?

I suggest that through ventilation by means of an open space at the rear of every domestic building or any portion thereof, in which persons pass the night, shall he compulsory. I will explain how I think that can be done. First we take the case in which a backyard exists or has existed in any domestic building at present erected, such backyard should be kept free and unobstructed except by bridges not more than 3 feet 6 inches in width, one for each floor, and placed vertically one above the other. That is the law at present in force, but unfortunately it was found not to be retro- spective. What I merely wish is that it should be made retrospective. Bye-law 5, made under Ordinance 15 of 1894, states that "all backyards shall be kept clear of obstruction throughout the vertical height of the building abutting thereon." This bye- law was applied somewhat extensively throughout the city and the backyards were opened out, much to the sanitary improvement of the premises, but it was found that the bye-law was not retrospective and we had to stop; no existing backyard may be obstructed by new erections, but we cannot compel the removal of old obstructions; that is the advice which we received upon this question.

The CHAIRMAN-Do you think all these backyards should be dealt with ?—I think the bye-law should be retrospective. Backyards must be kept clear, except that, of course, they must have bridges on the upper floors so that the people can pass from the living room to the kitchen. Then, where no backyard exists-

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Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Have the Government the power to make a law retro- spective?-They made the law retrospective in regard to the concreting of floors.

The CHAIRMAN-I should think you can introduce a law saying that all backyards have to be kept clear.

WITNESS-Ordinance 15 of 1894, s. 14, says the provisions of sections 4 and 5 of that Ordinance shall apply to all such domestic buildings as are situated within the boundaries of the City of Victoria as defined in Ordinance 15 of 1888. What I want is not only to have sections 4 and 5 made to apply to all existing domestic dwellings but certain other sections as well. These sections 4 and 5 refer to the paving and con- creting of floors and they were made retrospective.

In view of the present state of the law has the Sanitary Board been compelled to suspend action in regard to backyards ?-It has.

Mr. JACKSON-Suppose under these circumstances houses were burnt down ?---Then the law applies to any building that may be erected on that site.

They cannot rebuild ?—They cannot obstruct a backyard. There is no power to compel them to build a backyard afterwards, (and that is a point which I will deal with presently) but if they did build a backyard they may not obstruct it.

I also recommend that, where no backyard exists, or where the rear of the premises abuts on a lane of a less width than 6 feet, such open space should be provided by opening out not less than one half of the kitchen in the rear of the premises.

The CHAIRMAN-Do you recommend that in all instances?—I was going to say we went into houses the other day where there was a living room and behind that the kitchen and a narrow lane 18 inches or 2 feet wide. I want these to be dealt with as if no lane existed. Such open space should be formed by opening out not less than one half of the entire space intervening between the principal rooms and the enclosing walls in the rear of the property. In other words that is a more careful way of saying that half the kitchen must be opened out. In back to back houses there is naturally no open space at all in the rear of the buildings, and this appears to be the only way in which such a space can be provided.

What space do recommend shall be retained ?-One half.

you

What would that amount to ?--The kitchens are 13 or 14 feet wide and 6 or 7 feet deep so that about 50 square feet would be retained as kitchen and the other 50 square feet opened out.

Mr. EDE-You want half of that?-Yes, half of the 100 square feet. This has actually been done although we had no power to do it under the bye-law which we found was not retrospective. It has made an enormous difference to the lighting of the living rooms.

other my

We have

Do think it is sufficient ?—I do not think it is sufficient without

you suggestions-the questions of the cubicles and others which I am coming to. the cubicles reduced to 6 feet in height, and the backyards to be kept free and unob- structed. Where no backyard exists the space in these back to back houses is almost invariably occupied by the kitchens, one upon each floor.

Another suggestion I have to make is that a window of not less than one-twentieth of the floor area must open into this open space. So we have a window to admit light from this air shaft whether it be a backyard, or the half of a kitchen which has been opened out. The light would thus come down the shaft and then through the window. You may

remember that one of the houses visited by the Commissioners had a window which was shut and I tried to open it. Unfortunately most of them have not got that window.

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The CHAIRMAN-Do you think that the sanitary condition of the houses will be much improved by the suggestions you have just made ?-Undoubtedly I do. The houses would be much lighter and cleaner.

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Dr. CLARK-Then referring to the question which has been raised in regard to a house which was burnt down and re-erected. Section 66 of Ordinance 24 of 1887-the Public Health Ordinance-says: Every person who shall erect a domestic building upon land obtained from the Crown after the passing of this Ordinance shall provide along the entire back of such building, if one storied, a clear space forming a backyard of at least 10 feet in width, and if such building be of two or more stories, he shall cause the width of such backyard to be at least 15 feet." That means that we still have no power to prevent the erection of back to back houses except upon land purchased from the Crown after the passing of Ordinance 24 of 1887, which practically means that the whole of the City outside of Taipingshan can be re-erected with back to back houses, and that should in my opinion be prevented at once. I recommend that section 66 of the Public Health Ordinance, 24 of 1887, shall apply to all new buildings erected in future. The only thing is I think the provisions of that section may be a little too severe and I would suggest that houses not exceeding 25 feet in height, as measured from the level of the street to the underside of the caves of such buildings—that is the usual way of measuring, I believe,-should have open spaces at the rear extending along the entire back of such buildings and measuring at least 10 feet from every part of the back wall of such buildings; houses exceeding 25 feet in height to have such open spaces measuring at least 15 feet from every part of the back wall of such buildings. If we have a house which is 25 feet in height we must have a backyard of 10 feet; if we have a house more than 25 feet in height we must have a backyard of 15 feet; of course that backyard may be common to two houses. That section specially requires 10 feet in a one-storied building and 15 feet in a two-storied building which may be only 25 feet in height, as most of them are, but it is more drastic than I think is necessary. For that reason I think a clause was included in the schedule of the Praya Reclamation Ordinance No. 16 of 1889 in order that this stipulation should not be carried out to its full extent.

Hon. T. H. Whitehead-What limitation was made in the Reclamation scheme? -It was not exactly the same as my suggestion-for it provided that there should be 10 feet backyards for buildings of a height of 50 feet or less.

10 feet for 50 and 15 feet for higher buildings ?—Yes, but in a progressive ratio ; thus 60 feet buildings had to have a backyard of 11 feet wide and so on. It is to be remembered that that backyard may be common to two blocks of houses.

Any other points that you wish to bring forward ?—No, that is all I have to sug- gest with regard to the improvement of these houses.

Would these improvements you have suggested place the properties in a sanitary condition ?—Yes. To put it in another way I would say that these alterations will render the houses fit for human habitation. At present it is questionable whether they And if these alterations are carried out I do not consider it will be necessary to demolish any special block of houses; that is, if the whole of the suggestions are adopted.

are.

They could be adopted without resuming ?-Yes; we need not resume anything. The CHAIRMAN--Do you think it would cost much to carry out the suggestion?- That seems to me to be a matter for the landlords. I do not think it is for the Govern

ment to-

I want to know whether the cost of making the alterations in these two Districts, 5 and 6, would amount to a large sum.-It is impossible to say. It depends upon the sanitary condition of each householder's property; it depends upon what has already been done, and many other circumstances. I have dealt only with some glaring sanit-

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defects which the Sanitary Board have at present no legal power to deal with. I do not think the expense will be very great.

thing.

Mr. JACKSON-It does not come within our province to say who is to pay

WITNESS-I thought you meant the whole cost.

for this

The CHAIRMAN-I do not wish to raise now the question as to who is to pay, but to ascertain generally the probable cost.

Mr. EDE-Except this: I think the amount of land it would take up is 10 feet for backyards. How wide is a house generally?

WITNESS-14 or 15 feet.

Ten times 15 you have for the backyard.--150 square feet.

WITNESS-The width of the house includes two 14-inch walls; the open space would only be about 10 feet by 13 feet.

Yes, not 10 feet by 15. That 130 square feet of land is worth, under present calculations for the purpose which they use it, $8 a foot. That is about $1,200, apart from the cost of making the walls.-No, my suggestion as to the provision of the ten foot or fifteen foot backyard applies only to buildings which are going to be erected- new buildings.

Then it is only the cost of the land that they now get for dwelling purposes and which they would have to allow for ventilation ?—Yes, if they pull the house down.

Mr. EDE-It is only in case of a fire or of a very old house which must come down for other reasons that this must happen. It would take a very long time to do it if you are going to make a law that it is only when these houses are re-erected that the provision applies. That might take half a century.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Possibly more.

WITNESS The suggestions I have made are of two kinds; firstly those for the impro- vement of the sanitary condition of the existing buildings, and I think they are reasonably sufficient; secondly those intended to ensure the erection of sanitary dwellings in the future. I do not see how these latter suggestions will delay the improvement of the sanitary condition of the Colony.

Hon. T. H WHITEHEAD-The other suggestions you have put forward would place the buildings in a state fit for human habitation, which they are not at present ?— Yes. The only alternative is to knock down the houses which exist in the City, and even if it takes you fifty years to carry out my suggestions it would take you just as long to pull down the buildings and re-erect them all in a proper manner. On the ground of overcrowding alone, I am very much against demolishing large areas like Taipingshan.

Mr. EDE-Do you think that houses that are now back to back and have no such open area of which you spoke should be stamped out as soon as possible? What the price is to be is no doubt a matter for this Commission to consider, and also resumption or otherwise, but do you think it is desirable they should be taken one by one, or block by block, and put in the condition you spoke of, with a 10 feet area?—No, I do not think it is necessary if you will secure the enforcement of all the suggestions which I have made for their immediate improvement; moreover, many of these old dwellings would tumble down bodily if you attempted any such alteration as you propose.

It would be necessary in re-erecting houses and not necessary in pulling them down?-From a purely theoretical sanitary point of view it is desirable, but you have to consider what is to become of the population that is disturbed. I do not think it is necessary to deal with back to back houses so as to render them practically uninhabit-

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able for the purpose of putting in a ten-foot backyard; the alterations I have suggested will not render the dwellings even temporarily uninhabitable.

Not even by dealing with blocks of 10 or 15 houses at a time ?-That would spread the work over fifty years again.

The CHAIRMAN-What will be the result of your suggestions if carried out ?-The existing houses will be rendered reasonably habitable, and then if the other suggestions are carried out with regard to buildings erected in the future we shall be quite sure of having sanitary houses in the future, whereas now there is very little to prevent them from being as insanitary ten years hence as they are now.

Mr. JACKSON-How can that be remedied?

The CHAIRMAN-By the suggestions Dr. CLARK has just made.

Mr. JACKSON-It is not retrospective but prospective legislation; it only refers to anything done after the date of the passing of the Act.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-That is a question for the Sanitary Board to urge upon the Government.

WITNESS-All these things have been dealt with by the Board and the Board understands that the Commission will consider them.

The CHAIRMAN-I think we might now adjourn in order to consider the weighty suggestions which have been made by Dr. CLARK.

The Commissioners then adjourned sine die.

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The Commissioners met at the Council Chamber at 2.30 p.m. on Wednesday,

March 31st, 1897.

Present:-Hon. J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, (Colonial Secretary), Chairman.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD.

Mr. N. J. EDE.

Mr. T. JACKSON.

Mr. A. SETH, (Secretary).

Absent:-Hon. C. P. CHATER.

Hon. F. A. COOPER, Director of Public Works, was called and examined.

The CHAIRMAN-Gentlemen, we have asked Mr. COOPER to attend the meeting to-day in order that we may have the advantage of hearing his evidence. Mr. Cooper, you are Director of Public Works?

WITNESS-I am.

You have read the Commission that was published in the Government Gazette a short time ago?—I have.

As Mr. COOPER will be leaving the Colony soon, I think it will be well to obtain his views generally on the question of the resumption of insanitary properties. What are your views generally, based on the experience you have had in connection with the resumption of insanitary properties in this Colony?

Mr. JACKSON-Yes, generally; up to the present we have done specific localities. The CHAIRMAN-Quite so; generally.

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WITNESS-Generally speaking, I do not think it is desirable to resume insanitary properties. I think a great deal can be done to improve the existing insanitary state of the properties without any resumption at all. There may be a few cases where lots have been divided and sub-divided, such divisions and sub-divisions being now held by different owners. In such cases perhaps no satisfactory arrangement could be made with the present owners with a view to generally improving the property, and the Government would have to resume in order to carry out a complete scheme for the improvement of the property; but such cases, I anticipate, will be extremely rare. I have worked out the figures for the resumption of Taipingshan which I thought might be of interest to the Commission. The conditions under which that property was resumed were very different from those under which insanitary properties at home are resumed. At home, when the Local Authorities resume insanitary properties, special conditions are made as to the deductions for illegal rents and the insanitary condition of the property, but in regard to Taipingshan no mention was made—

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Do you think illegal rents did exist in the Taipingshan district?—That was a question which was not decided by the Arbitrators. There is not the slightest doubt that there was a good deal of overcrowding and a good deal was done contrary to the laws, but evidence of this nature was apparently not admitted by the Arbitrators. The amount awarded for Taipingshan was altogether $763,097, and the Crown rent, capitalized at 5 per cent., was $24,395, bringing the total up to $787,492. Added to that is $12,508 for contingencies, and we bring the amount up to the round figure of $800,000 as the total cost.

as the total cost. The area is 272,021 square feet, so the average cost was practically $3 a square foot. The area available for rebuilding is 200,000 square feet, or about 75 per cent. of the total property resumed. That means that the area lost in improving property, increasing the width of streets, and constructing back lanes, was about 25 per cent., so that the average price to repay what has been spent on Taipingshan Resumption will be $4 per square foot. Then adding to this $100,000 for cost of im- provement the total cost is brought up to $900,000 for 200,000 square feet of building area, which is equivalent to $41 per square foot. I do not think myself that, great as the improvement in Taipingshan will be, you can say that financially it will be a paying concern. Of course the selling price of the property will depend very much upon the class of persons who buy property in that part of the city and the class of tenants they are likely to get; but that at present must be a matter of speculation. This fore- cast is I believe practically confirmed by experience in England. There are very few of these improvement schemes that give a satisfactory financial return. There are a few exceptional cases where improved frontages can be obtained, and there are cases in which financial success has been secured by the erection of very high buildings for the housing of the poorer classes with a view to getting the maximum population on a small area of ground. But such structures have now been condemned and I understand that they are not now legal-at any rate, not in the city of London. It always has to be remembered that when property is compulsorily resumed it is a standing rule that an addition of 10 per cent. is made to meet contingencies, such as disturbing tenants, and so on, to the market value of the property. Of course, if any resumption is made-I refer now to the second paragraph in the Commission-I would strongly advocate the adoption of the lines that have been followed in England for similar resumptions under the Housing of the Working Classes Act and similar Acts. There are several of such Acts in Liverpool. I believe Liverpool is the only city that has obtained a private Act which does not compel the Corporation to provide for the persons removed. This Act is an old one and dates back to 1864, but if large areas are resumed here it will I presume rest on the Government to provide if necessary for the housing of the people temporarily turned out. In this Colony the thing is to take very small blocks indeed and deal with them. There are generally a few empty houses in the Colony in which the tenants could find lodgings. There might be a little over- crowding for the time being, but it would be better than dealing with a large section of the town and so dislocating the trade and so forth.

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claim to compensation whatever. Under ordinary circumstances I think it is a doubtful point as to whether they could not have claimed compensation. As the Attorney General explained in bringing the measure before the Council it was desirable that the Permanent Committee should be relieved of responsibility in the matter.

Were those the only houses which were closed, viz., that in which cases of plague had occurred and those the floors of which were not properly concreted?-Basements were closed as well, but I think plague had occurred in every one. Then as to "how the said properties should be improved and by whom such improvement should be carried out." That depends upon what improvement the Commission recommend. If it is of the widening or the making of public streets, the improvement should be carried out by the Government. Section No. 4 of the Commission refers to "The means to be adopted for housing the occupants of any dwellings pending improvement." I think any im- provement must be carried on, as I have already stated, by degrees, and that no necessity for making any special provision for the occupants of the dwellings is likely to occur. "The amount of capital required for such resumption and improvements, how it is to be raised and how far it will be met by a re-sale, with any suggestions or recom- mendations the Commission may make on the subject." I think the cases where resumption is necessary will be very few, if any at all. It is very important to improve the sanitary condition of the present buildings in the Colony first, if any resumption is made I think that a re-sale will fall very far short of the cost of the resumption.

Have you any suggestion to make in regard to the general question?-Well, of course, the Sanitary Board has paid a good deal of attention to this matter lately, particularly since 1894, and it has occurred to the Sanitary Board on two or three occasions that there are measures which are absolutely necessary in order that the Board shall make proper headway with sanitary improvements. They do not involve any great expenditure or hardship upon landowners, but at the same time they will very materially improve the condition of the Colony. At a meeting held on the 27th August, 1896, in reply to a letter received from the Colonial Secretary regarding the proposed amendment of the Public Health Ordinance, certain matters came before the Board and a letter was addressed to the Colonial Secretary pointing out what powers the Board considered desirable they should have for the purpose of providing, as soon as possible, open spaces in the rear of domestic dwellings, and a resolution was passed in respect to the provisions that should be enacted.

Have you a copy of that resolution ?-I have a copy of the resolution here. A letter was addressed to the Colonial Secretary enclosing a copy of the resolution and I consider the matters dealt with in that letter are very important, and if the recom- mendations of the Board are carried out very considerable improvements will be made in the sanitary condition of the Colony. Whatever is done in connection with these recommendations does not in the least affect any question of resumption that may come later on.

I therefore divide the recommendations which it seems necessary to make into two classes--those which ought to be carried out at once and, those involved in the event of it being necessary to resume any specific areas with a view to the general improvement of a district.

Do

you think it is important that the recommendations of the Sanitary Board should be carried out without delay ?-The sooner the better.

No.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-That cannot be done until the Ordinance is amended ?—

The CHAIRMAN-As the law stands at present there is no power?-Some persons have carried out very material improvements to certain lanes, but people know perfectly well that if you get half a dozen men in one street out of nine to carry out the improve- ment and the three remaining do not the probability is that those half dozen will say they will not or they are sorry they have. We cannot get the work done until we are able to say "You have got to do it."

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Have you read Dr. CLARK's evidence given at the last meeting of this Commission? -Yes.

Have you observed the suggestions he made before the Commission. Do you concur in the suggestions made by him-generally, I mean to say?-Yes, there is really nothing I wish to take exception to. There are one or two minor points, about the height of buildings, but that is inere detail. Generally, I concur with him.

Do you think the improvements suggested by Dr. CLARK should be put in hand at once? They are practically the improvements recommended by the Board in August last year.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Would you include in the appendix the resolution referred to bearing upon and having reference to the improvements recommended ?

The CHAIRMAN-If these improvements are carried out, are you of opinion that the place would be in a fairly sanitary condition ?

WITNESS-Speaking generally, yes. Of course there is some bad property in the Colony, but it will not stand many more years.

Will it have to come down?-It will come down. If they make a start on the lines Dr. CLARK indicated in his evidence I think things will go on well for a time. There is one matter he touched upon, that is, the subject of private lanes, on which I should like to make a few remarks. He quoted-page 6 of his evidence-from the Public Health Act of 1875, section 160. That states that the Local Authority has power to take over and maintain any lane, but the Local Authority insists first upon such lanes being properly sewered, paved, and channelled. Dr. CLARK says he recom- mends that legislation be introduced to compel the owners of lanes to put them in a sanitary condition or, failing that, to hand them over to the Government after they have been paved and channelled. Of course if a nuisance exists in a private lane the law provides for dealing with it under the Public Health Act, 24 of 1887. What I want to point out is this. It is not absolutely compulsory in England to hand over a private lane or street to the Local Authority, but it is compulsory that the owner should pave it, channel it, and sewer it. That is not compulsory here and it ought to be. A man has a private lane here and it is practically like his own garden; he can do what he likes with it. He need not pave it or channel it. He can grow vegetables in it if he likes, and he can carry on all sorts of trades in it and block up the place and practically render it useless so far as light and air are concerned to the houses adjoining, which only obtain access to light and air through that lane.

Would you recommend that these lanes be taken over and made Government lanes?-Not absolutely, but it ought to be compulsory that the owners should pave them, channel them, and sewer them, and with that compulsion the sanitary maintenance of them would not be a difficult matter. Now it is practically impossible to maintain them in a sanitary condition. No lanes ought to be taken over by the Government which are less than 15 feet in width. As the law stands at present, by section 52 of Ordinance 15 of 1889, "Every person who shall erect fronting a private lane any new domestic building, other than a godown inhabited by such caretakers as are necessary for the protection of the property, shall so place the said building that along its entire frontage there shall be an open space of at least seven and a half feet in width, measured from the centre line of such lane." The effect of that section is that where a lane at present exists of a less width than fifteen feet, upon rebuilding any houses fronting upon that lane, the front of that house must be set back from the centre line at a distance of 7 feet 6 inches. If the two opposite houses in a lane of less than fifteen feet are pulled down and rebuilt you get in front of these houses, instead of a narrow lane, a lane of fifteen feet in width. That section does not apply to public lanes. If the Government took over a lane of not less than fifteen feet in width and houses were subsequently built there it would be for the Government to make such arrangements

Appendix No. 3.

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with the owners of the adjoining property in order to increase the width of the lanes, whereas so long as the lane remains a private lane this has to be done by the owners on rebuilding.

Then with regard to the blocking up of these lanes, Dr. CLARK drew attention to the fact that the lanes are very often blocked up at present-

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-More particularly at the entrance.

The CHAIRMAN--He said "There is nothing to prevent the exit being blocked up, except as a thoroughfare, and leave just room enough for one person to pass through."

WITNESS That matter was dealt with a short time ago by the Sanitary Board in connection with the proposed amendment of the bye-laws under Ordinance 15 of 1894. The Sanitary Board reported on that subject. We want to get the same power over private lanes as we have over public streets; that is, that nobody shall do anything that shall obstruct the light or ventilation of the houses abutting thereon without the consent of the Sanitary Board. I think the matter has been referred to the Attorney General as to whether it can be done under Ordinance 15 of 1894.

Do you recommend that legislation be introduced ? Undoubtedly, otherwise you get lanes which are very narrow now still further obstructed. I consider that the powers included in Resolution No. 4 of the Sanitary Board dated 27th August, 1896, are required. The resolution, which was passed at the meeting I have referred to, reads- "That no street on which buildings abut shall be permitted to be obstructed either temporarily or permanently in such manner as to interfere with the efficient lighting and ventilation of such buildings." There is one matter which Dr. CLARK has not referred to in his evidence. That is the question of public latrines. I think that subject comes within the scope of the Commission, as the insanitary condition of premises is to a considerable extent aggravated by the want of a sufficient latrine accommodation.

Do you think the present latrine accommodation is insufficient?

Mr. JACKSON-The improvised private latrines were the worst we saw.

WITNESS-Insanitary properties are divided into two classes, namely, structurally insanitary and those rendered insanitary by the improper use of them. This ques- tion of latrines is a very important one in regard to the improper use of properties.

Mr. EDE-What we saw were both.

WITNESS-On the 29th August, 1895, I addressed a report to the Colonial Secretary on the subject of public latrines, and I would like that put in my evidence. Mr. RAM made a report to the Sanitary Board, the Government referred that report to me and I pointed out that the population of the City, as far as we knew then, was 160,000, and there exist at present twelve Government latrines, which have a total number of sixty- seven scats, and nineteen private latrines making a total of 746 seats, or at the rate of 215 persons to one seat. Take the whole of Chinatown, consider practically one half of the population are, or ought to be, under existing circumstances dependent on the accommodation of public latrines, and you find there are over one hundred persons to one seat, whereas there ought to be one seat to every thirty of the population, that is, say one seat per house.

You recommend that the accommodation be increased threefold ?—Yes, it is all in this report and I sent a plan in with it. I may mention that I have now under con- sideration a plan for the resumed area in Taipingshan, showing how the latrines ought to be located, and I expect to be able to send it to the Government in the course of next week. I shall recommend that it be referred to the Sanitary Board for their consideration.

What, roughly, would be the estimated cost of providing this extra latrine accommo- dation ?-As near as I can tell $450,000.

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Mr. JACKSON-A thing of that kind would be done very gradually?-Very gradually, just as opportunity occurred. Another thing, there is an income to be derived from public latrines. This place is peculiarly situate in that respect. Now, of course, the Colony derives no income from the removal of night-soil from private premises, but from the removal from public latrines it does.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Do you think it would be advisable that the Govern- ment should derive a revenue from night-soil removed from private houses?-I do not know about that. The question before this Committee is as to the insanitary condition of property. I do not know that the question as to whether the Government should collect the night-soil or not very materially affects the question of the health of the Colony provided it is effectually done, it may affect the revenue; it could in my opinion be more efficiently done by the Government. The Sanitary Board have already recom- mended that. They drew up a specification showing how it could be done and for- warded it to the Government. That was done at the time of the strike of night-soil coolies.

I think the question comes within the scope of the Commission-A lot of this night-soil ought not to be in private houses, and that is a great point in connection with these public latrines.

Mr. JACKSON--There was not a single house we visited in which there was not an offensive smell from matter which ought not to have been there-A good deal of the offensive smell is due to the excessive darkness. There are so many dark corners in the houses and everything gets shoved into them, and a Sanitary Inspector has not a chance to see everything when he has two thousand floors to inspect. A good deal of light will be introduced if Dr. CLARK's recommendations are carried out. I have brought some large plans which I am having prepared of the whole City and I expect to be able to send them to England to be lithographed shortly, from these the importance of Dr. CLARK's recommendations can be seen.

Mr. JACKSON-The town is divided into various districts with an Inspector over each to report to the Sanitary Board. Does that come within the scope of the Com-

mission?

WITNESS-The Board has recommended the appointment of two more Inspectors. At present the City is divided into eight districts, and the Board recommended some three months ago-perhaps rather more-that two more Inspectors should be obtained, and the City was then to be divided into ten districts. I think that would be satisfactory.

The CHAIRMAN-I may inform the Commission that application has been made for Inspectors from home. The delay has arisen owing to the difficulty of getting In- spectors at the salary first named, but an increase has been recommended by the Government. That recommendation has gone home and it is expected that the men will arrive shortly.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-How many Inspectors are there for each district?

WITNESS-One Inspector for each district.

Would you then be able to get on with the work in each district ?-As far as the Inspectors are concerned, yes. I think it would be a very fair provision, because the crowded parts of the districts are of comparatively small area. Nos. 4 and 5, the districts the Commissioners have inspected, are somewhat small in area and when there are ten districts they will be still smaller.

Mr. EDE-And with the improvements suggested you say there would be more light and air admitted into the place and the Inspectors would have an easier time of it and would be able to do their work much quicker and better?-Yes and it would be a healthier employment.

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Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Then as to carrying out the reforms necessary in the various houses, how do you suggest it is to be done-under Government supervision or by the Board ?--Not by the Government. The Government cannot go in and do a lot of private work of that description. Notice ought to be served by the Sanitary Board on the owners of the property that such and such alterations are required and they should be called upon to have it done within a certain time.

The CHAIRMAN-And failing that ?-The provisions of the Ordinance would pro- vide for the consequences.

The work would be done for them, I suppose ?-The Board should have power to do the work at the cost of the owner.

Mr. EDE-You would recommend the same principle which is carried out by the Sanitary Board?-Yes, in respect of drainage works, concrete works, etc. If the works are not carried out shut up the house. A man is not going to get his house shut for the sake of $10.

Do you recommend more than one Medical Officer of Health ?-Of course one man cannot see everything. It depends very much on the staff under him. I do not think myself that a district of this size in England would have more than one Medical Officer of Health. I think some Medical Officers of Health have much larger districts.

What about the population?-The Medical Officer of Health does not do inspector's work. He has to exercise a general supervision over his staff and advise the Board on technical matters in connection with the health of the Colony. He has to go into the houses occasionally, but you cannot expect him to do the work of his subordinates. Dr. CLARK is in a very much better position to speak about that than I am. Most of this work is inspector's work: there is no question about that. It is not the work of the Medical Officer of Health.

Mr. JACKSON-It is a question then of having efficient Inspectors ?-It is absolutely necessary. If you had half a dozen Medical Officers of Health you would not get the work well done if you did not have good Inspectors; you must have them. Inspector is really as important as anything.

A good

Are the Inspectors immediately under the Sanitary Board ?-Immediately under the Medical Officer of Health, who is an Executive Officer of the Sanitary Board.

It is practically the same thing?-Yes, the Sanitary Board do not have any executive work of this nature to do- the work goes through the Medical Officer of Health. The Inspectors are solely at the service of the Sanitary Board except in the out-districts-Stanley, Aberdeen, and Shaukiwan-where arrangements have been made for the Police to perform the duties. Then there are two Inspectors over at Kowloon; one takes the East and the other the West.

The CHAIRMAN-Are they under the Sanitary Board?--Yes.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-With an amended Ordinance including the recommenda- tions of Dr. CLARK and yourself, do you think that any increased staff would be re- quired to see that the terms and conditions of the new amended Ordinance were carried out, or would the present staff be available for the work?-The staff down in the Estimates for this year will, I think, be sufficient. That includes two new Inspectors and an Assistant Sanitary Surveyor, I think.

The CHAIRMAN--Yes.-I think that ought to be sufficient. Of course the larger the staff you have the quicker the work will be done. The thing must be arranged so that you do not get a man from England for six months and then send him back again.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-With this amending Ordinance brought into force, would it not be well to push on generally with the work with as little delay as possible?

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-Yes, if it was done in districts. You cannot get the contractors and you cannot get the labour to do the whole thing at once, as it were.

You would not tackle more than two districts at one time?—Well, we cannot insure against the return of the plague coming here again this summer, and it seems to me to be very necessary that the work should be taken in hand with all possible speed and as little time lost as possible. The worst sections should of course be grappled with. The most important step just now is to pass an Ordinance conferring the necessary powers upon the Sanitary Board because if we had had such an Ordinance when the plague was here last year we should have been able to let light and air into the houses. All work towards effecting this has had to be stopped, as it was ruled we had not the necessary power.

Mr. JACKSON-That is a sad state of things.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-A very sad state of things; it is very unsatisfactory.

WITNESS-It was ruled in Court that we were acting illegally and we could not do anything.

The CHAIRMAN-The light and air which were admitted to some houses have been taken away again.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-When did the Court rule that?

WITNESS-During the plague.

How

many months ago?-About six months.

Mr. JACKSON That certainly was not the spirit of the intended legislation.—The Board were advised that they had no right to do these things.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-The Government should have given the Board the power to enforce the carrying out of the urgently pressing work and improvements.-The Board have written to the Government on the subject.

Mr. JACKSON-Has that been prominently put before the Government?

The CHAIRMAN-The question is referred I believe to this Commission.

Mr. JACKSON-There has been a long delay.

The CHAIRMAN-I think this Commission should take steps at once to report.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-As soon as we have Dr. CLARK'S evidence and Mr. COOPER's evidence before us it is within our power to send in a preliminary report.

The CHAIRMAN-I think so, certainly.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD--And let the Government take action forthwith. There is positively no necessity for any further delay. Later on we can enquire into minor details but the preliminary report ought certainly to go in. Suppose the plague broke out again and 100,000 people were frightened away from the Colony. Where would we be? Where would our trade be?

WITNESS-You did not get 100,000 people away during the plague last year.

Mr. JACKSON We do not want anyone away from the Colony.

WITNESS-If the plague breaks out to-morrow we are practically utterly powerless to do anything to stop it.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Take the position of Bombay into consideration. only by the last mail I learned that the Bombay Chamber of Commerce estimate that not less than 500,000 people had left that city.

Mr. JACKSON-That is 50 per cent. of the population.

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Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-What will best help us to meet the evils which may come upon us is the requisite amendment of the Public Health Ordinance at the earliest date possible.

WITNESS-As long as the Sanitary Board is entrusted with the health of this Colony it must have power. There is no question about it. If it has not the power to do things it would be better to abolish the Board altogether. We cannot move as things are now; we cannot do anything to effectually deal with an outbreak of plague.

This concluded the witness's evidence and he then explained the plans of the City which he exhibited on the table.

The Commission, after deciding to call Mr. DANBY, Mr. LEIGH and Mr. PALMER, Architects, adjourned sine die.

The Commissioners met on Thursday, 29th April, 1897, in the Council Chamber.

Present: Hon. J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, (Chairman).

Hon. C. P. CHATER.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD.

Mr. N. J. Ede.

Mr. T. JACKSON.

Mr. A. SETH, (Secretary).

The SECRETARY read the minutes of the previous meeting and they were confirmed.

Mr. W. DANBY, Architect and Engineer, was then examined.

The CHAIRMAN-Mr. DANBY, you are a Civil Engineer and practise in Hongkong?

WITNESS-Yes.

Have you read this Commission which was published in the Government Gazette some time ago by His Excellency the Governor ?—I have.

The Commission have invited you here to-day in order that they may have the benefit of your experience in Hongkong in respect to properties, especially those which are of an insanitary nature.

Hon. T. II. WHITEHEAD-Are there any insanitary dwellings in the city, in opinion?-A great number.

your

Unfit for human occupation ?—Yes, but I think they can be made habitable. Into how many classes would you divide these insanitary dwellings ?--I should divide them into back to back houses, houses fronting on narrow lanes, houses with insufficient open space in the rear, and houses abutting against the hill-side.

Are cubicles permitted by Ordinance 15 of 1894, section 8, in rooms 25 feet deep by 13 feet wide with partition walls 8 feet high? Are they extremely dark?-Well

some of them are.

Is it not necessary that the height of such partitions should be limited to 6 feet?-- I do not think so. I think 8 feet is as low as you ought to have them.

Why?—I am certain that if they are reduced to 6 feet all the Chinese will object very strongly indeed.

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For what reasons would they object ?--Because it would do away with the privacy of the cubicles.

It would be impossible to see over them unless you got a stool to stand upon. I tried it the other day. I had a six-foot board put up and by standing on the railing of a chair or a stool I could see right over. By this means they could see right into the adjoining room. The law at present is that no cubicle shall be less than 8 feet in height, and, again, there must be a clear open space of 4 feet above the partition, and I certainly think that those portions of the Ordinances referring to them should remain as they are. But in addition to that, I would suggest that no cubicles be permitted to be constructed in any rooms with a less clear height than 12 feet. Usually a room is 12 feet high, and I have been looking at the plans of a large number of Chinese houses I have constructed since I started in private practice and I do not know one room that is less than 12 feet in height.

Are you aware that Ordinance 15 of 1894 permits, in houses erected subsequent to that Act, cubicles only in rooms which have a window area kept clear and unob- structed of not less than one tenth of the floor area and opening directly into the external air? Do you think that regulation should apply to every existing domestic dwelling in which cubicles are erected ?--Yes, with reference to all buildings, whether cubicles are in them or not.

Should it apply to existing domestic dwellings?—Yes, I would apply it to every existing building. But in connection with cubicles, 8 feet high and an open space of 4 feet, I was going to suggest either that the window be placed as near the ceiling as possible, or that there should be ventilators 18 inches wide and 12 inches high. These ventilators would cause a thorough ventilation over the top of the cubicles where all the hot air accumulates, and there would be a draught from one end of the room to the other, and such a draught would not be noticed by the occupants of the cubicles. If it was a draught which they felt, the tendency would be to close up the ventilators.

Mr. EDE-By ventilators you mean an opening into the open air?- Into the open air-as near the joist as possible. If there are two ventilators there is a current right. through.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Would you make that compulsory in the present buildings?—Yes; the expense would be very little.

Do you think that cubicles should be limited to and only permitted upon

the top floors of houses fronting on streets less than 15 feet wide?--I do not agree with that. I should have cubicles on the two uppermost floors-the top floor and the one immediately below it. If cubicles are allowed on the top floors there is nothing to prevent them from being well lighted by having skylights in the roofs. There is a great number of these houses with skylights on what you may call the lee side of the roof. On the north side of the Praya many houses have skylights on the south side of their roofs.

The CHAIRMAN-Do you think that, in cases just referred to, where houses front on a street less than 15 feet wide, if cubicles are erected on the top floor and on the floor immediately underneath, the floor underneath will have sufficient light?-Ï was referring more particularly to top floors of houses in streets less than 15 feet wide, and there you can light from the roof.

This Commission has been informed that it would be advisable that cubicles should not be permitted except on the top floors of houses fronting on streets less than 15 feet wide. I understood you to tell Mr. WHITEHEAD that they might be allowed on the top and the underneath floors; you have explained about the top floor, but how about the floor underneath that? Do you think cubicles should be allowed on the two floors?-In reference to the cubicles on the floor immediately below the top floor in narrow streets, if you do away with the cubicles on that floor then you have the question of compensation.

I am not asking about compensation.

will have sufficient light?--I do not.

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Do you think that the cubicles on that floor

In streets of upwards of 15 feet wide do you think that cubicles should be allowed on all the floors?—No, I would restrict them to the two top floors.

You would not allow them on the bottom floor?-No.

What is your reason?-I do not think they would get sufficient light.

Mr. EDE-On the second floor would they?—I think that in a wider street you would get a good light.

The CHAIRMAN -Have you anything else to suggest with regard to cubicles ?— Only this, that if you do away with cubicles on all the floors it would depreciate the value of the property. I take it that the owner would lose from probably one dollar to a dollar and a half on each house.

On each floor? --Well, supposing he had a house of three storeys he would lose the value of the cubicles on each of the floors where cubicles were not permitted; he would probably lose $1, or $1.50, or even $2.

You are now referring to the question of depreciation. This Commission is dealing solely with the question of the premises being insanitary, and I understand that in your opinion such a house with cubicles would be insanitary?—Yes.

Hon. C. P. CHATER-Mr. DANBY, you have just told us that you would only have cubicles on the very top floor in houses facing a street less than 15 feet wide and that you would not have cubicles on the ground floor in houses facing a street of any width. Is that so?-Yes.

Do you limit these houses to the depth? For instance, suppose a house has a depth of 30 feet and another of 60 feet, would you treat the houses alike?—No, I would not treat the house with a depth of 30 feet like the other house.

Would you allow cubicles to be erected on the ground floor of houses 30 feet in depth ?-Assuming it is a 15 feet street.

You would allow cubicles assuming that the street was 15 feet wide?—Yes, but I would not allow cubicles in a house in a street 8 feet wide.

We will say 15 feet. What depth would you say in a 15 feet street?—If the street was 15 feet wide and the room 12 feet high I ́should not go more than 20 feet, if as much. It would depend entirely on the locality, situation and the surroundings of the house. You may have a house-I have houses in my mind now which face a street about 20 feet wide and they are 24 feet deep. They have a yard and I should allow cubicles in these houses.

I was coming to that. The question I was going to put to you was exactly the one you are pretty nearly answering now. Suppose there are houses in a street 15 feet in width and at the back there is a yard 6 or 7 feet in width; would you restrict cubicles in such a case?-I should allow cubicles in such a case, as you would get thorough ventilation.

What is the extreme depth you would object to-15 feet only?-I should object to 25 feet. Of course I think you understand I am referring to back to back houses where there is no yard or air at the back.

But suppose there was air at the back; suppose half the kitchen was done away with. It would then go to 30 feet. I may say that since I was asked to attend here I have been round and inspected some of the houses with this object in view. There are some houses in Queen's Road East, the rooms of which are 35 feet in depth, with a yard 6 feet in width. These houses are already licensed, including the ground floors, as common lodging houses, and they are well lighted and ventilated.

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The CHAIRMAN-Not with cubicles?—No, but I do not see why they should not be allowed there providing there are ventilators immediately under the ceiling.

Could that be easily done ?—Yes, at a trifling expense. In some of the home Acts it (ie., these proposed ventilation above the windows) is compulsory in respect to lodging houses-common lodging houses.

Then in streets more than 15 feet wide with a back yard or a shaft, would you have any objection to houses having cubicles either on the second or third floor?-No.

Mr. EDE--You have referred principally to ventilation. Do you not think that in houses abutting on a street 15 feet in width and 25 feet in depth and with only an air shaft cubicles would make them very dark ?-As a rule cubicles are very seldom occupied in the day time, when there is light. I have been in hundreds of them and in regard to most of them there was nobody inside and many were locked up. They are occupied only at night when they do not want light, except an artificial light. They do not sleep in the cubicles in the day time. The principal thing you want in the matter of improving the cubicles is a through draught ventilation in such a way that the Chinese will not be disposed to close the ventilators.

Do you consider that light is of as great importance for the sanitation of healthy dwellings as air ?—It is of very great importance, but I do not think it is anything like of the same importance as air. You take a prisoner who is in solitary confinement in a dark cell; he has no light, but the authorities take care that he shall have plenty of ventilation in the dark cell,

I want your opinion as to the necessity for light for sanitary dwellings. Do you think it is important to have light? Do you not think that light is one of the principal things that produces health, quite apart from ventilation ?-Light and ventilation together. You are referring to existing insanitary dwellings?

I am merely asking your opinion as an engineer whether you consider that light is of importance.-I consider that the suggestions that have been made are excellent. It is not however as if we were going to lay out a new city. We have to tackle a city in which lots have been laid out by the Crown in such a way that the sites are not adaptable to modern houses.

I was asking whether, in your opinion, light was essential to health ?—Yes.

Hon. T. II. WHITEHEAD-Of course it is dark at night, but is it continuously dark in the day time?-Well, a man who is confined in a cell for three days cannot see the light.

Mr. JACKSON--Having special regard to the bubonic plague, as in pretty nearly all the papers it is stated that darkness conduces to the growth of the bacillus, do you not think that bears a very great importance on the question of light in dwellings ?-- You go into the cubicles here. I will not say you do not come across dark cubicles, but taking them all round I have not seen a cubicle yet in which I could not see what I was doing, probably not at first but when I had been in them a few minutes and had got accustomed to the light. You go into a room on a bright day and you would probably not see anything for a few minutes; you stop there three or four minutes and your eyes get accustomed to the light and you can see everything that is going on. There are a lot of cubicles in the Colony now which I would not allow; I do not under- stand why they are allowed to be there. I saw some the other day in a certain

street.

The CHAIRMAN-What is the objection to them ?--They were so dark-they were in Possession Street-and not in accordance with the Ordinance.

Not in accordance with the Ordinance ?-No. The houses are 16, 18, and 20, Possession Street. I assume that the partitions and cubicles are periodically white- washed, the same as the walls.

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Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-As regards private lanes are you of opinion that owners thereof should possess the power to put up erections which block the entrance to 'and exit from the lanes with the exception of space sufficient for one person to pass through? No, I do not think they ought to have that power.

The CHAIRMAN-Do you think it would be a good thing if the Government took over all private lanes that have been paved and channelled?-In connection with the stopping of these thoroughfares I should like to say that a private lane more than 15 feet--for instance, I would allow the same as was permitted under the Birmingham Building Act, under which an owner can stop up the entrance of a lane or street for, I think, one-third of its width; he must keep two-thirds clear at each end.

Then you think that under certain circumstances the owner of a private lane might be allowed to obstruct it to a certain extent?—Yes.

To what extent ?--In a 12-yard street in Birmingham-I think it is Birmingham -under the bye-laws it can be obstructed to the width of four yards.

Mr. EDE-I do not follow you. Are you taking a street 15 feet wide ?—There is a street 12 yards wide. This (explaining by pencil markings) is a private street, this is a public street. The owners of that private street can obstruct it this way, leaving a passage way of 8 yards-two thirds.

The CHAIRMAN-Then you recommend that the same thing should be allowed in Hongkong?-I think so.

Mr. EDE-Is the obstruction at the entrance or right along ?-At the entrance. The CHAIRMAN-In the case of private lanes, do you think it would be a good thing for the Government to take them over ?-No.

Do you think it would be a good thing if the owners were compelled by law to keep them in a sanitary condition ?--I do think they ought to be compelled to pave, channel them and keep them clean.

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But not to be taken over by the Government ?—No. If they were taken over by the Government it would lead to endless complications. Assuming there was an owner of property, say of a street from 70 feet to a 100 feet wide, through the centre of which there was a private lane, which the Government took over as a Public Street, after which he (the owner) wanted to take down and rebuild his pro- perty, laying it out, in a better and more profitable manner, but in such a way, however, as not to require what was formerly his "private lane." Owing to this lane now being however Government ground (i.e., a Public Street) he would be seriously handicapped, this street not now being his property. He would be entirely dependant on the good nature of the Government as to whether he could lay out his property in the manner he would like to do. In any case, it would put him to very great expense and incon- venience to get this street "located" in another position. During the last few

years and even at the present time many large properties have been and are being pulled down and rebuilt in quite a different manner to what they were formerly, old private lanes being obliterated altogether and good streets made in their places, but in different localities. I would certainly compel all owners to pave, channel, and keep clean all private lanes or courtyards.

You would compel them to keep the streets in a sanitary condition ?—Yes.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-The law now in force requires that new backyards shall be kept free and unobstructed except by bridges not more than 3 feet 6 inches in width, one for each floor and placed vertically one above the other. Are

you of opinion that this law should be made retrospective ?--I do in the case of property already having backyards.

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Where no backyard exists, or where the rear of the premises abuts on a lane of a less width than 6 feet, is it necessary that open space should be provided by opening out not less than one-half of the kitchen in the rear of the premises ?--I do not agree with that; I assume that that is the back of the houses.

The Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD repeated the question.-Yes, I do agree with that; that is, the back houses.

The CHAIRMAN-You think that legislation should be introduced to give effect to that ?-Yes. The Public Works Department have been dealing with a great number of these cases, where you ask the Government for permission to put up a verandah. The Government ask you to make these openings and if you will do it the owners will get permission to put up iron balconies, and it makes a wonderful difference to the houses.

You are in favour of making it compulsory ?-Yes.

Mr. EDE-What do you say about the balconies ?-Suppose you want to put up a little balcony the Government will give you permission if it is a new house on condition that you make a yard like this at the back, the yard being half the width of the house. There is no power to compel it, but it is a concession on the part of the Government.

Mr. JACKSON-You think that would be a good thing?-I am sure of it.

The CHAIRMAN-Do you think that legislation should be introduced to make it compulsory?—I do; it would not be a very great hardship upon the owners because it would be simply taking some old doors away.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-And making the dwellings sanitary?—Yes.

In back to back houses, where no open space exists in the rear of the buildings, should an open space be formed by opening out not less than one half of the entire space intervening between the principal rooms and the enclosing walls in the rear of the property?-No, I do not agree with that.

How would you propose to obtain that open space?—I think you would find that these areas would be quite sufficient.

Mr. EDE-Which areas-back to back houses ?--Those where the kitchen is cut-

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-My last question related to back to back houses where no open space exists in the rear.

How would you propose to make an open space?~That is what we have referred to.

The CHAIRMAN--By opening out half the kitchen?-Yes. [Describing with a pencil.] We will say that is one house and that is another. I would keep these two kitchens together there, and so instead of getting one area say about 6 or 8 feet wide here and another small one there I should make them into one area and leave openings on each floor. You would get an area at least equal to the width of one house. The two kitchens would come together so that the air would circulate not only in the small vertical hole but through the yard.

That is in back to back houses ?-Yes.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-The question I asked you some little time ago was not in connection with back to back houses, but in connection with houses where no back- yard exists, or where the rear of the premises abuts on a lane of a less width than 6 feet.

The CHAIRMAN-That refers to backyards.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Not necessarily. A house may abut on a lane of a less width than 6 feet and it is necessary that there should be some open space.

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WITNESS-Let us throw this narrow lane into this open space here

Even a narrow lane 2 feet wide is better than nothing. You get your kitchen and you get this new area taken off the house and in addition to that you have this narrow lane at the back of it.

case-

Mr. EDE-You take part of the house away in order to create a space ?-In any

The CHAIRMAN-Then you recommend it should be made compulsory ?—Yes. You think the cost would not be very great ?--I do not think they would object to that.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Do you think that the law should require that a window or ventilator of not less than one-twentieth of the floor area should open into this open space, so that the window would admit light from the air shaft whether it be a back- yard or the half of a kitchen which has been opened out?-You would have that in any case because you would find it was a door and the door would be made into a window. In fact I have worked out the window areas of a great number of these floors and that is the minimum.

One twentieth is the minimum ?-Yes. They cannot possibly object to that.

Mr. EDE-Do you think it would give sufficient light?--It would be about 6 feet by 3 feet 4 inches.

In this place, notwithstanding such a window, very little sunlight would, as a rule, get in, do you not think so?-You are talking about sunlight, but I do not know what you are going to do to get sunlight into these streets.

Do you think it is desirable?-Of course it is desirable if you can get it. You mean sunlight in contradistinction to daylight?

These back to back houses are very lofty and some of the floors can only get the slightest ray of sunlight. Do you think it is desirable to have some of it?-I certainly do, but I should like to know how you are going to get it unless you have very wide streets and put up two-storied houses.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Should the law prevent the future erection of back to back houses in the city without providing along the entire back of such building, if one storied, a clear space forming a backyard of 10 feet in width, and if such building be of two or more stories should the width of such backyard be 15 feet?--I think those widths are excessive; they are much wider than there is any occasion for.

Mr. EDE-What would be your limit ?—I would have 6 feet as a minimum.

Independent of the height of the house?-Oh no. For a four-storied house have it a little wider-10 feet.

You see

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-I am speaking of all back to back houses. the present law only forbids the erection of these back to back houses on land obtained from the Government, but if a fire occurs the owner of that land can build a back to back house on the old lines without that width of open space. Should the law not be so amended that all future back to back houses should have open space for ventilation ?-- No, I do not think so. A fire occurs in a house. I know lots of valuable property on the sea frontage, the houses on which are only 24 feet in depth. I surveyed lately a lot of valuable property between Queen's Road and the Praya with a depth of only 24 feet and facing a street 18 feet wide. A fire occurs and in rebuilding that house the owner is obliged to leave a width of 10 feet and deducting say a 6 feet kitchen and the thick- ness of four walls he will have a room only 3 feet in depth. He cannot extend back- wards, because that is another man's property.

What width do you propose ?--Six feet as a minimum.

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The CHAIRMAN-In your opinion there would be no harm in making it applicable to all houses ?--Take the case of property we have of the value of $10 or $12 a square foot, and 50 per cent. would be taken off that for the making of the yard.

Hon. C. P. CHATER-And the room would be of no use at all?-No, what would be the use of it?

The man's property would be reduced to a minimun?—Yes. Take the particular case I have in my mind. It would simply mean that the property would be worth nothing and it would be a case of resumption.

The CHAIRMAN-Are there many properties of that kind in Hongkong?—A great

number.

Can you tell us to what extent ?-What do you mean, to what extent?--

How many properties are there of that kind in Hongkong?

Hon T. H. WHITEHEAD.-Hundreds?

WITNESS-Oh no, not hundreds. I should say I know about twenty lots.

The CHAIRMAN-And the acreage, how much?—I do not know.

Roughly speaking, two acres?—No, I do not think there would be two acres.

You could perhaps give us the return?—I have not the information. The Sanitary Board could get it for you. I should think the information is already in the depart- ment. I will willingly give them a note of all the property I know of.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-To go back to this question of open air space.

If a certain open air space is not made in new buildings erected on such land as that created by the burning of a house and if the air space is not made and maintained, will the property be a sanitary property?—I call these houses that I am referring to in this street sanitary and habitable houses and they are only 24 feet deep and they have no backyards. Hon. C. P. CHATER-If a shaft was made such as you proposed a little while ago by doing away with half the kitchen it would improve the property and make it far more sanitary?--Of course it would.

Mr. EDE-Your main objections to these proposals to have open spaces at the back are, I take it, Mr. DANBY, based upon the calculation of the valuation of the pro- perty and the depreciation of the value of the property. Do you, setting apart that question of the value of the property, think it is a desirable thing to do, quite apart from what it is going to cost and whom the cost is going to fall upon ?-That is a matter of sentiment.

Is it necessary to do it from a sanitary point of view ?-It is desirable.

Is it necessary?—I do not think it is necessary. I still hold that these areas would answer all requirements without opening out the passages. I should like to make one observation in reference to the narrow lanes 18 inches wide and 20 inches wide. Most of these lanes have not been built purposely that way. They have been left that way owing to disputes between adjoining owners. In this Colony there is no Ordinance referring to party walls. The London Building Act is an Ordinance by which an adjoining building owner, if he wants to put up a new building, can, by giving the adjoining owners notice, encroach on the adjoining owners' property by his underground projecting footings. Now there is nothing of that kind in Hongkong. I have a dozen party wall disputes on. There is a little alley way left about 18 inches wide; it is not a passage, but only a receptacle for filth and all kinds of rubbish. I was going to suggest that if the Government should decide to go in for a new Ordinance they should introduce this; it is Part No. 8 of the London Building Act, 1894. There is a case on now where we had to draw up a special agreement because we wanted to encroach on a neighbour's. property with a projecting footing. If the owners do not agree one says "I will not

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allow you on my ground an inch," and the other man has to do the same thing, and so you have these little alleys you have referred to. Another reason why these alleys have been left is the discrepancies in the old Crown leases. It is not the owners' fault and it could be avoided in the future by introducing Part 8 of the London Building Act. You will find most of it embodied in the modern Building Acts of large municipalities at home. There is another suggestion in the matter of latrines. A few years ago I had to report on that point. In my opinion some provision ought to be made compelling owners, or the Government should do it for them, to provide latrine accommodation. As the Ordinance now stands an owner may put up one or two thousand houses and there is no power to compel him to provide latrine accommodation.

The CHAIRMAN-You think there is a want of latrine accommodation in the Colony?-A decided want.

You are in favour of meeting it by the owners or the Government providing the accommodation ?--It ought to be met and I think the Government should do it, as there would be better supervision. That is a great want. In the whole of Taipingshan that was resumed there were only two latrines and they were close together.

Mr. EDE-You are referring to the state of things that existed then ?—Yes, but things are not much better now in the matter of latrine accommodation.

This concluded the examination of the witness.

Mr. ROBERT KENNAWAY LEIGH was next examined.

The CHAIRMAN-Mr. LEIGH, you are a Civil Engineer of the firm of Messrs. LEIGH & ORANGE?

WITNESS-I am and a Member of the Institute of Civil Engineers.

You were in the Surveyor General's Department?-I was.

And you were a member of the Sanitary Board and also of the Permanent Committee?—Yes.

You have had a long residence in Hongkong?-Over seventeen years.

You are acquainted with properties in the Colony?—I am.

Are there many insanitary properties in Hongkong?—Yes.

Can you classify them generally for us? Of what special nature are they?—They vary in degree of insanitation from various reasons.

The CHAIRMAN-Would you consider this a fair classification? Back to back houses, houses fronting on narrow lanes, houses with insufficient open space in their rear, and houses abutting against the hill-side. That would generally cover the insanitary properties ?--Apparently so, yes.

Hon. C. P. CHATER--Are there many back to back houses?-Yes, there are a large number.

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What is the description of them?--Most of the back to back houses are those which are built on narrow properties--properties of shallow depth. The properties that are of greater depth have generally some form of backyard.

Are these back to back houses all insanitary ?--No, certainly not.

Which are sanitary and which are not ?--I should say that a dwelling room which is lighted on one side and does not extend beyond a certain depth cannot be said to be insanitary. There are lots of such rooms in good European houses.

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What would be the extreme depth?—I should limit the depth of dwelling rooms, which are lighted only on one side, to 30 feet.

Mr. EDE-Does the height of the room affect it?--To a certain extent.

The CHAIRMAN-And the width of the street?--To a certain extent.

Hon. C. P. CHATER--What is the height of the rooms built within the last ten or fifteen years?-Under the present Building Ordinance the limit is 9 feet, but I think they are all 11 to 12 feet.

Mr. EDE-Do you consider that a room which is 9 feet in height and 30 feet in depth, with a street only 15 feet in width, is a sanitary place for people to dwell in ?-- According to our European ideas it may not--

I ask for your opinion.--I say it is not insanitary for Chinese.

Hon. C. P. CHATER--Are there many of these houses 30 feet deep with no back- yards at all?--Yes, plenty of them.

Mr. EDE--And no ventilation at the back?--No ventilation.

Hon. C. P. CHATER--If backyards were made compulsory the rooms of the houses would not be so large ?--It would take off 10 feet for the yard plus one foot 6 inches for the extra wall, and so deduct 11 feet 6 inches off 30 feet, thus you would knock nearly 40 per cent. off the room and consequently off the value of the property.

And the rent would be reduced by 40 per cent.?--Yes.

How would you propose to make these more sanitary than they are at the present moment?-The smaller houses?

Say these 30-feet houses.-I think no room only 30 feet deep with 10 per cent. of window area to floor is insanitary.

Suppose these houses were 40 feet deep and back to back without any yard.-- Then I should oblige the owners to open them. I would make a sliding scale, so to speak. I would so make it that a house, the dwelling room of which did not exceed 30 feet, did not require any light or ventilation at the back, and from 30 to 40 feet deep half the width of the room should be opened out.

How would you do that?--I would pull out half the kitchen.

That would make it satisfactory ?-Certainly.

Suppose 50 feet?-For rooms exceeding 40 feet I would have a 10-foot backyard the full width of the room.

Can most of these houses afford 10 feet-houses, I mean, as built at the present moment?-By my arrangement houses the dwelling rooms of which did not exceed 30 feet deep would lose nothing; the 30 to 40-foot-deep-roomed houses would lose none of their dwelling space and only half of their kitchen, and houses with rooms 40 feet and over would have to lose 10 feet for yard, plus 1 foot 6 inches the thickness of the wall; but they could afford it as the percentage of loss would be very much less.

If this were decided upon how could it be done? By an Ordinance forcing people to do it?-That is the only way you would get it done.

The landlords themselves would certainly not do it, but is there no other way of doing it?—No other way unless the Government do it.

The CHAIRMAN-Do it for the owners?-The Government may do it, or the owners may do it, and the cost debited to the owners or to the Government.

The object is to make these houses sanitary ?--Yes.

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Mr. EDE-You said just now that a room 30 feet in depth is quite sanitary if it has no ventilation or light at the other end and facing on a street that is 15 feet wide or more. Now, do you not think that light and air are absolutely necessary even in a 30-foot room?--I say they get light in a 30-foot deep room.

Where?-On the one side if they have a tenth of their floor area as window space.

Do you think that is sufficient?-I do.

Hon. C. P. CHATER-Are there many rooms in European houses which have light only on one side and are 30-foot deep ?-Plenty of them; my own bedroom is lighted only on one side.

Mr. EDE-And only the same proportion of window area to floor space?-My room has more than 10 per cent. window area.

The CHAIRMAN--In regard to the question of cubicles, it has been suggested that cubicles should not exceed a height of 6 feet. What is your opinion in regard to that? I consider that the Chinese would object very strongly to cubicles only 6 feet in height.

What height would you recommend them?-8 feet high as they are at present. That height was fixed as recently as Ordinance No. 15 of 1894. There were then three doctors on the Sanitary Board-Dr. HARTIGAN, Dr. Ho KAI, and Dr. AYRES-and after very careful consideration we decided that 8 feet was the best height and the lowest we could get them cut down to with regard to privacy.

You consider 6 feet too low as it would interfere with the privacy of the occupants? -I do.

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You recommend 8 feet?--Yes, these cubicles have only just been cut down, only yesterday, you might say, every one has been cut down. To do it all over again would be outrageous. You have cut down every cubicle in the Colony during the last two years.

By order of the Sanitary Board?—Yes.

Are they satisfied with 8 feet?-Yes; the Chinese are satisfied with what they can get when they cannot get anything better.

Do they want the cubicles higher?--I think they are satisfied with 8 feet.

Mr. EDE-How does it affect the light in these cubicles? There may be sufficient air because you have 4 feet above the partitions, but how about the light? Do you think there is sufficient light for sanitary purposes?-Cubicles shut out a vast amount of light.

Is it desirable to let in more light or is the light sufficient from a sanitary point of view?-I think it is sufficient for the health of the Chinese.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD--Then as regards streets of 15 feet in width, do you think cubicles should be allowed on all the floors of these houses?—Yes.

And in houses where the streets are less than 15 feet in width would you limit the cubicles to the upper floor?—Yes, I think perhaps you might do that.

Only on the top floor?-If they faced a building of only one storey then I say you could have cubicles on the three floors.

The CHAIRMAN--Suppose, opposite the building was of the same height.-If it is a three-storied building then you could have cubicles on the two upper floors.

The top one and the next one?—Yes.

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you think there would be sufficient light on the second floor?—I do.

Hon. C. P. CHATER--If cubicles were not allowed on the ground floor would it reduce the value of the property ?-Certainly.

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To what extent ?-I do not think Chinese like to live with their families in a house one floor of which is used as a coolie house. As a rule the whole house is a coolie house

or a family house.

That one floor would be unoccupied and so one-third of the rent would be taken away?—Yes; 33 per cent., really.

The CHAIRMAN-It would be possible to use it as a shop, I presume?-There are not many shops in the narrow streets.

Mr. EDE-From a sanitary point of view, quite apart from the question of value, would you recommend that cubicles be allowed on the lower floors?—I should say no from a purely sanitary point of view.

Hon. C. P. CHATER-You know section 66 of Ordinance 24 of 1887 ?—Yes.

If that was made compulsory and applicable to all houses, whether purchased before or after that Ordinance, what effect do you think it would have ?--It would distinctly tend to make landlords keep up their old houses as long as they could; they would patch them over and over again. If they once pulled them down they would come under a more stringent law and have to make a backyard and so lose ground.

Suppose a fire took place and it had to be done would the owner be put to a large expense if he had to give up 10 feet ?-As far as I remember the Ordinance goes further than 10 feet; it goes up to 15 feet. Of course he would lose all that ground.

Suppose there was to be compensation would a large sum be necessary to enforce this rule, supposing it were wanted ?--Yes, it would be a very large sum.

Are you in favour of resumption of large areas by the Government?—No, certainly not, especially if they are carried out in the manner of the Taipingshan resumption.

Are you in favour of the Government taking over private lanes?—I am certainly against any compulsion for the owner to give up a lane.

The CHAIRMAN --Do you think the owners should maintain the lanes in a sanitary condition ?—I should like to say why I am not in favour of an owner being compelled to give up a lane. Suppose a lane goes through the middle of some property the owner of that property can no longer do what he likes with it, if resumed. only rebuild it just as it was before. He could never relay out the property or build godowns or anything else covering the whole lot.

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Do you not think he should be compelled to maintain it in a proper sanitary con- dition and pave and channel it?-And metalled. That is a very important word in the Home Act and there is a great deal of difference between paving and metalling. There are very few of the public streets here which are more than indifferently metalled and I do not see why an owner should be compelled to put his lane in a more expensive condition than a public street.

You are of opinion that the lanes should be in a sanitary condition ?-Certainly. With regard to paving and channelling you are in favour--?-No, not if you put it

like that.

What do you think he should be called upon to do?—I think if he lays it with good decomposed granite, which is the same as many of the public streets are made of, he is doing as much as the Government.

And the channelling of it?-Certainly, there must be surface water drainage.

You take exception to his being called upon to pave it?-Certainly; paving is

very expensive and it would run into a very large sum of money.

Hon. C. P. CHATER-You have also said that the lanes should be kept in a sanitary condition?-Certainly.

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Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Do you think the owners of private lanes should be at liberty to put up erections which block the entrance to and the exit from these lanes with the exception of space which permits of only one person being able to pass through at one time?—I can see no objection whatever to building over the two ends of a private street providing it does not block the fronts of the houses in that street and that these houses are properly ventilated front and back. It is the most valuable part of the property facing the main thoroughfares and does not affect the houses in the street.

Mr. EDE-What width ?-15 feet; no private street should be less than 15 feet.

The CHAIRMAN-You say at the entrance to these streets there should be no obstruction?—No, I see no reason for not covering over that portion of the lane the same depth as the houses facing the main thoroughfares providing it does not obstruct in any way the front of the houses in the lane.

How does he get into the lane ?-Through the ground floor as a rule; the ground floor is open; it is arched.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-HOW wide would you compel the entrance to be?—It is generally 15 feet, but I see no reason why he should not put up a stall half the width of the lane. It is inconvenient if you have to squeeze through a narrow passage, but you cannot say it is unhealthy.

The CHAIRMAN-Are there any private lanes of that kind at home?-Yes, take a "blind street" as it is called at home; there you have absolutely nothing but a house -no passage even for a man to crawl through.

Are these private lanes taken over by the Government or the Municipalities ?—— Voluntarily?

If the owners surrender them ?--Yes, they have to put them in a condition which the Municipality will accept and then they are taken over and kept in repair. But there property stands for hundreds of years; out here a house is built and in ten years the property is often rebuilt. The present Hongkong and Shanghai Bank premises could not have been built if private lanes had been taken over by the Government, because there was a private lane running between the old Hongkong Bank premises and the old Mercantile Bank premises.

Unless it had been given as a favour to them?-If as a favour, the Hongkong Bank might get it, but not some poor Chinaman.

Hon. T. H. WuITEHEAD-The present law requires that there should be a space of 4 feet between the top of the partition walls and the ceiling. Do you think that is sufficient in all cases ?-I was on the Board when that was discussed and we came to the conclusion that it was sufficient.

Hon. C. P. CHATER-With regard to private lanes, suppose they were absolutely taken over by the Government would the tenants be as happy or would they be prepared to pay as much to the present landlords, if the lanes belonged to the Government ?-- No, they would not. They like a private lane because they are able to set out their wares and do things which the law prohibits in the public street.

Therefore if they were taken away the landlord would suffer?-Certainly.

The CHAIRMAN-From your experience of them are these private lanes sanitary ?- I know plenty of them that are anything but sanitary; it is generally a mere question of scavenging.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Have the Government no power to see that they are kept in a sanitary condition ?-They have every power now to oblige the owners to keep them sanitary; there is no necessity for any alteration of the law.

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Hon. C. P. CHATER-What is your opinion in regard to latrines ?--I have always held that public latrines should be under the control of the Government, and they should be maintained in a sanitary condition. The present Government latrines are infinitely worse than most of the private ones.

Are there a sufficient number of latrines at the present moment ?—Nothing like enough.

Do you think the Government ought to go in and build a lot of them ?-Yes.

Mr. EDE-In what respect are the Government-built latrines insanitary as compared with the private latrines ?--Because all private owners have been forced to conduct all the foul gases out and away over the tops of houses, or an injunction has been obtained in Court to shut up the latrine; so they fastened up all window openings and put in ventilators in the roof. All the Government latrines are built with windows in them on all sides, and when there is the least wind on one side the foul gases are blown out of the other side. The only reason why action has not been taken is that the Chinese are afraid to take action against the Government.

There is an unpleasant smell round the latrines ?-More; I say they are absolutely insanitary.

Is not the correct theory that the more it is diluted the less insanitary it is ?— I do not consider that is the correct theory in this case; if foul gases are directed into a man's window they are far less sanitary even though they are diluted than if they were taken in a more condensed form over the top of the houses.

In this city the ground rises so much that it is difficult to get your ventilator to take off the gases; it is difficult to get the smell completely away from the houses higher up.-The sites for the public latrines should be chosen with that object in view.

The CHAIRMAN-You are in favour of latrines being under Government control and built by the Government ?—Yes.

You think there is a great want of them ?--I do; there is not sufficient.

With regard to where no backyard exists or where the rear of the premises abuts on a lane of a less width than 6 feet, such open space should be provided by opening out not less than one half of the kitchen in the rear of the preinises. Are you in favour of that suggestion ?-Where the room exceeds 30 feet in depth, yes.

Otherwise not?—I did not catch exactly the width of the street.

Of a less width than 6 feet. -No. I have already said that I consider the minimum should be 15 feet. I would not compel owners to do that now. There is a law which compels them to do that when they rebuild, but if you compel owners of rooms of less than 30 feet deep to put in backyards then you will ruin some of the most valuable properties in Hongkong. I will give instances, Endicott Lane, Tung Man Lane, Wing On Lane, Gilman Street, Gilman Bazaar, &c., all most valuable properties between Queen's Road and the Praya.

Hon. C. P. CHATER-What is the value of these properties ?-$8 a square foot. The whole of these properties are only about 24 feet deep over all, and the dwelling room is seldom over 20 feet deep. If you are going to take off a 10-foot backyard plus one foot 6 inches thickness for wall the balance would be only about 8 feet 6 inches and utterly worthless, you will let yourselves in for millions. This is my contention. Where the room is shallow-for instance, take this room, it is over 40 feet deep. If it were well lighted on that side I say plenty of light would reach this back part to make it sanitary.

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Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Notwithstanding the cubicles ?—The cubicles of course check the light, and one small window at the back of a house is not going to improve it one iota either from the point of ventilation or from the point of light. I can show you whole streets where the back windows have not been opened for 10 years and a window that is not opened cannot ventilate.

The CHAIRMAN-Does it not give light ?—No, there is scarcely any light from these windows in backyards and you cannot make a man open this window nor stop him putting a curtain up against it.

Most of the windows are covered?—Yes; they are thick with dirt owing to misuse that they do not admit any light. Some of them have never been used since they were built. I say put in these back windows, because then the landlord has done all he can do, but it is the manners and customs of the Chinese that you want to alter more than the houses.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-Would it not be desirable to have a ventilator ?-- No, he would stop it up. Ventilation is draught; he does not like it, and you would have to stop up day and night to see that he did not do so. I hope you see my argu- inent about these houses. I limit a room lighted only on one side to 30 feet deep and in the case of rooms 30 to 40 feet deep there should be half the width as yard and in house over 40 feet deep there should be a 10-feet yard the whole width of the room. Even then I would limit it, because I know plenty of houses over 70 feet deep which are most insanitary. I know some houses which go right through from Winglok Street to Bonham Strand. There is a point I should like settled if there are to be any alterations in the sanitary bye-laws with reference to these backyards, and that is, it has been attempted (in at least one instance that has come under my notice) to compel a man who is possessed of a backyard to provide the light for an adjoining owner.

I say that is unfair, and in connection with that, there is another. They both come under bye-laws 4 and 5 made under Ordinance 15 of 1894, which says that you shall not cover over any backyard or back lane in any shape or form. Now the Sanitary Board tried to rule that once a backyard always a backyard. I submitted plans where a small backyard was covered on one side and introduced a bigger one so as to improve the ventilation, but was refused because in doing so I had covered over an existing back- yard. Therefore it was tried to be held that once a backyard always a backyard. A man should be permitted to cover over any backyard if he provides a new one that was equally sanitary. It was also attempted to obtain one man's light for the backyard of another man, whereby he lost his privacy and in point of fact was providing light and air for the adjoining owner; such things as these ought to be carefully guarded against. Both these cases I have on record.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-That was permitted, you say?—I have letters from the Sanitary Board saying they would not permit it. In one instance I built the alteration about a year and a half ago and left them to take action, which they have not done. In the other case the point was arranged with the Crown Solicitor. That shows the tendency and from the landlords' point of view it ought to be carefully guarded against, because it is most unfair to make one man provide light and air for another.

Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD-The law as it stands at present can surely not compel a man to do that?-Well, it was tried to be enforced but did not go before a Court.

Would you apply the rules respecting backyards to all houses old and new ?

No, I would make them apply to all old houses and to all houses to be built here- after, but I would exempt all the new houses that have been built under the present Health Ordinance and also all houses in course of construction, as I consider it would be unfair to make the owners of newly-built houses pull them down and alter them and also to introduce a law which would affect contracts in hand.

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Would these proposed alterations to the backs of houses cost much, irrespective of the value of the land?

Yes, considerable, for not only would the back walls of a very large number of houses have to be pulled down and rebuilt but in nearly all of these cases it would entail redrainage and reconcreting of floors, of yards, &c. and practically all the houses in the Colony have just been newly drained and concreted.

This concluded the witness's examination.

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Mr. CLEMENT PALMER, Architect, was the next witness.

The CHAIRMAN-Mr. PALMER, you are of the firm of Messrs. PALMER & TURNER, Architects in Hongkong?

WITNESS-I am.

You have been resident in the Colony a number of years ?-Fifteen.

And you are acquainted with properties in Hongkong?-Yes.

With regard to the insanitary properties in Hongkong, have you any recommenda- tion to make to this Commission by which these insanitary properties can be made sanitary?--I think that if half the kitchens were cut away it would be a beneficial step, but I think it would be difficult to carry out the suggestion about the width of the yards. In many of the existing properties it would be almost impossible to carry it out.

It would involve such a loss to the property?-There is not sufficient depth in the property to do it.

If half the kitchen was cut away would it render the house sanitary?—I think so in many cases.

With regard to cubicles have you any suggestions to make?-I think that the cubicles as they stand now are satisfactory. I think if you cut them away lower you would do away with the privacy.

You would recommend no change ?-I would keep them as they are at present.

Hon. C. P. CHATER-What is your opinion in regard to compulsory resumption of private lanes by the Government?—I do not see that you would gain very much by it. You have powers to keep the lanes clean and I do not see that there is any parti- cular reason why the Government should resume.

Therefore as long as these lanes are kept clean and sanitary there is no object in resuming them?-I do not think there is any object in resuming them.

Mr. EDE-There are a great number of back to back houses; do you are insanitary in many cases ?-There is no doubt that many of them are.

consider they

What remedy would you suggest from a sanitary point of view?-I think the opening out of the kitchens in many cases would rectify them. Many of them have no light or air at all. If you open up half the kitchen and turn it into a yard it will tend to light and ventilate the place; in many cases that is the only way you could do it. Of course, I think the depth of the houses ought to be taken into consideration. A room 20 feet in depth might be perfectly well ventilated with one window, while if it was 50 feet in depth it would be imperfectly ventilated.

Do you

consider a room 30 feet deep and 20 feet in height and only lighted from one side a sanitary dwelling?-It depends upon what is at the back.

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There is nothing; it is absolutely closed. Do you consider a room 30 feet in depth and with only an opening here [pointing] and nothing here whatever; do you consider that sanitary ?-I say it is not necessarily insanitary.

The CHAIRMAN-About the question of latrines, Mr. PALMER; do you consider there is a want of public latrines here ?-Decidedly.

Would you be in favour of the Government erecting latrines and maintaining them? -I think it is better that the Government should control them.

Not private owners?-There is really no actual provision in any of these Chinese houses for latrines; either the kitchen or the yard is used.

Are you acquainted with the present latrines? Are they satisfactory or other- wise? I think most of them are conducted in a fairly satisfactory manner.

In regard to cubicles not to be permitted except on the top floors of houses fronting on streets less than 15 feet wide; what is your opinion about that? Would you simply allow them on the top floor?--I think in that case it would certainly do away to a very great extent with the family dwellings that are at present on the lower floors.

But from a sanitary point of view?--It would be better not to have them.

Do you think it would be sanitary to have them on the top floors?--It would depend upon the depth. I do not think that a cubicle in a room 30 feet in depth would make the room insanitary; but some of the rooms 50 or 60 feet might be insanitary.

You would be inclined to modify the suggestion that cubicles be permitted only on the top floors; you would allow them on all the floors ?--Yes, I think so.

Mr. EDE-Do you consider that light is as important as air for sanitary purposes? -Light is of course an essential thing with air, but air is of more importance. In the case of these cubicles they are absolutely dark; there is no light possible.

Do you consider they are sanitary if there is no light?—I do not know that these cubicles are occupied very much in the day time.

The fact of getting light into a place makes a vast difference?-As far as health goes it would be a good thing.

This concluded the examination of the witness.

The Commission then adjourned sine die.

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MINUTES of a Meeting held in the Board Room of the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, on Saturday, the 5th day of June, 1897, at half-past twelve o'clock in the afternoon.

PRESENT:

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Chairman.

T. H. WHITEHEAD.

N. J. EDE, Esquire.

THOMAS JACKSON, Esquire.

ABSENT:

The Honourable C. P. CHATER.

The Commissioners deliberated on a Bye-law framed by the Sanitary Board under section 13 of Ordinance No. 15 of 1894, respecting the obstruction by domestic build- ings abutting on streets over land held under lease from the Crown, which had been referred to them by the Government, and directed the Secretary to return it with certain suggested amendments.

The meeting was then adjourned sine die.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Chairman,

A. SETH,

Secretary.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 1.

TUESDAY, 25TH JANUARY, 1898.

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PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR

(Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, G.C.M.G.).

His Excellency the General Officer Commanding (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary and Registrar General, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART Lockhart),

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the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

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the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

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the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.).

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the Colonial Treasurer, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

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the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

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WEI YUK.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

ABSENT:

The Honourable THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD (with leave from His Excellency the Governor).

The Council met pursuant to summons.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 20th December, 1897, were read and confirmed. PAPERS.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers, viz. :-

1. Report of the Head Master of Queen's College.

2. Further Papers respecting the proposed New Government Offices.

3. Supreme Court Revenue Returns, &c. for 1897.

REPORT OF THE PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE.-The Director of Public Works laid on the table the report of the Public Works Committee, dated the 11th January, 1898, (No. 1), and moved its adoption.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

His Excellency the Governor then addressed the Council as follows:-

GENTLEMEN OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL,

My

principal object in calling a meeting of Council this afternoon was that I might have an opportunity of announcing to you officially a fact with which you are already acquainted privately, that I am leaving this Colony on the 1st of February and that my successor will be Sir Henry Blake. The Secretary of State for the Colonies, to whom I telegraphed a few days ago, is unable to inform me of the exact date upon which my successor will arrive in Hongkong, but I assume that after eight or nine years' hard work in Jamaica he will probably apply for several months' leave of absence. In the meantime, His Ex- cellency General Black will administer the affairs of this Government, a duty for which he is eminently qualified I have to thank you all, Gentlemen, for the kindness and considera- tion which you have extended to me during the past six years and two months--a term of office which, uninterrupted by any leave of absence, I do not think has ever been exceeded by a Governor of any one of Her Majesty's Colonies. To Mr. Chater, the senior unofficial member, my thanks are especially due. From you, Gentlemen, I have received valuable advice, and I think I may fairly say on some occasions even unanimous support.

I can assure you that I shall always look back with great pleasure upon our meetings here-and if I should ever recall any serious difference of opinion which may have occurred between the Executive and the Unofficial Members of Council I shall not forget that we one and all, according to our own lights, although we differed, were solely animated by a desire to do what we individually thought was best for the interests of this progressive Colony. Gentlemen, I bid you farewell and may every success attend you in the future, both in your public and private capacities.

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Mr. CHATER addressed the Council as follows:-

Your Excellency, we have listened with much interest to the announcement you have just made, which, although not unexpected, when thus officially spoken emphasises its reality. Speaking on my own behalf and, I trust, on behalf of my unofficial colleagues present, I desire to express my sincere appreciation of the able manner in which you have for the past six years presided over this Council, and of the unfailing courtesy and forbearance shown by you to all. During your Excellency's administration many important Ordinances have been added to the Statute Book and many important public works accomplished and others inaugurated. This Council. as well as the Executive Council, has been enlarged, and the Colony thereby afforded more voice in the control of its affairs. Your Excellency arrived in this Colony at a time of deep depression. You will leave it in a condition of renewed prosperity with everything on a sounder basis; and this has come to pass in spite of some adverse conditions, namely, the continued dullness of trade and two outbreaks of plague. Under your auspices most important sanitary legislation has been carried through, greatly to the benefit of public health, though in the face of a good deal of opposition; and the city now is in a far better position to grapple with epidemics than it has ever been before. Naturally, there has been some friction occasionally and our debates at times have been very warm indeed, but your Excellency has held the reins with tact and impartiality, and now in laying them down you have the great satisfaction of knowing that you will leave the Colony better in every respect than you found it. I feel only too conscious that I am unable to do justice to the occasion, but I trust that my unofficial colleagues, some of whoin will no doubt. address you themselves, will supplement my feeble attempt at expressing the general appre- ciation of your Excellency's successful and popular administration, which has also been the longest since the founding of this Colony. And now, Sir, in bidding you officially farewell I have only to say that although we may not meet at this table or in this Council Chamber again, yet we shall cherish with deep and lively recollection the urbanity with which you have always presided over our deliberations. In the best sense of the term I am sure we all join in wishing you, Sir, good-bye.

Dr. Ho KAI addressed the Council as follows:--

Sir, I fully concur with the remarks that have fallen from the lips of the Honourable the Senior Unofficial Member. I have been with him in the sentiments he has expressed in regard to your Excellency. For the past six years your Excellency has most successfully presided over this Council and during that long period your consummate tact, your wise discretion, and your unfailing courtesy have promoted good feeling and harmony amongst Honourable Members and increased the usefulness of their deliberations. Whether we agreed or disagreed upon a measure or a subject, whether we engaged in heated discussion or pleasant banter, the decorum and dignity of the Council have always been maintained. During the six years of your administration we have passed many useful measures and have revised and improved a great many old Ordinances, but I venture to say that in no instance has any harassing or embarrassing legislation been passed. So far as the public works of the Colony are concerned, when your Excellency assumed office there were many useful works in progress and in point of completion, but your Excellency has inaugurated many useful works and when they are completed-such as the Peak roads the road leading from Plantation Road to Magazine Gap, the new houses that are to be built in Taipingshan, and other new works which your Excellency has caused to be inaugurated all these, when completed, I say, will remind the Colony of your energetic and what I might call sanitary government. The financial position of the Colony has steadily improved from year to year under your Excellency's administra- tion, and now I venture to think that the colonial finances are so much improved as to be placed on a sound and healthy basis, pessimistic views to the contrary notwithstanding. Now, Sir, in bidding you farewell to-day I wish to tender you my personal thanks for unvarying kind assistance I have received at your hands as the senior representative of the Chinese community. I have on more than one occasion-in fact, on many occasions-made representations on behalf of the Chinese to your Excellency. You have always received such representations most kindly and subjected them to your kindest consideration. have granted a great number of requests, and the few occasions on which you have found refusal necessary you have carefully explained the reason why the requests could not be granted. I wish to thank you further for the interest you have always taken in Chinese affairs and most especially for the increased representation which you have given to them on this Council. The honourable member whom you have so happily nominated to be the junior member of this Council will represent the Chinese in many ways much better than I, and will render the greatest assistance in looking after and protecting their interests. Now, I am sure that my honourable friend, Mr. WEI A YUK, will join with me in assuring your Excellency that by this act alone you have won the lasting gratitude of the Chinese com- munity of this Colony. Now, Sir, as probably this is the last time you will preside over us in this Council I, as a member of this Council, wish you good-bye and all future happiness and prosperity.

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Mr. WEI A YUK addressed the Council as follows:

Your Excellency, my honourable friend and honourable colleague has so well and fully expressed my own views and sentiments with regard to your Excellency that he has left ine nothing more to add than to express my entire concurrence with his remarks. I join with him in wishing your Excellency health, happiness, and prosperity.

Mr. BELL-IRVING addressed the Council as follows:--

I have listened with interest and with great pleasure to the remaks made by the senior unofficial member and by the two unofficial members representing the Chinese community, and with all of them I fully concur. The Honourable Dr. Ho Kai has referred to the great consideration which you have shown to all questions affecting the welfare of the Chinese community, and I would like also to mention the support you have always taken in all matters in connection with the commercial progress and prosperity of this Colony during the past six years. During that period you have warmly supported the many new industrial undertakings started in this Colony and in many other ways helped the mercantile commu- nity, who, I consider, have good cause to be most grateful to you. I also desire to wish you long life and every happiness in the future.

Mr. BELILIOS addressed the Council as follows:-

Your Excellency, the honourable members who have just spoken have actually taken the wind out of my sails and I have very little to add to the remarks which have been made. As the oldest member of the Jewish community in Hongkong I can endorse every word of praise that has been spoken. To be brief, I can only say that by your departure we shall lose a kind friend, a good associate, and an able colleague, and I can only trust that those who succeed you will follow the example you have set in your career, which I am certain will result in the happiness of the inhabitants generally of this Island. With these words, Sir, I wish you farewell and happy meetings with friends in the old country. His Excellency the Governor again addressed the Council as follows :—

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Gentlemen, it only remains for me to reiterate my hearty thanks to you for the kindness you have shown ine and for the handsome tribute you have just paid to

just paid to my administration. It is certainly gratifying to me t know that I leave the Colony in a very good position and that I have given satisfaction not only to the public generally but to the Chinese, who form an important part of the community. I can only claim to have done my duty honestly and without fear, favour, affection, or ill-will, and I am quite sure that my successor will follow in my steps.

ADJOURNMENT.-The Council adjourned sine die.

Read and confirmed, this 23rd day of February, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

WILSONE BLACK,

Officer Administering the Government.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 2.

WEDNESDAY, 23RD FEBRUARY, 1898.

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PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT

(Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary and Registrar General, (JAMES HALDANE STEWArt Lockhart).

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

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the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.).

the Colonial Treasurer, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

WEI YUK.

The Honourable JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to summons.

ABSENT:

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 23rd January, 1898, were read, amended and confirmed.

NOTICE OF MOTION.-Mr. WHITEHEAD gave notice that, at the next Meeting of Council, he would move the following motion:-

That Government lay upon the table a copy of its covering despatch forwarding to the Colonial Office the report dated 23rd November, 1896, of the Committee appointed 8th September, 1894, by His Excellency Sir William Robinson to report on the condition of the Government Offices and the desirability of locating the various Government departments under one roof, together with a copy of any further explanations the Government may have given in con- nection therewith and as called for by the Secretary of State's despatch No. 126 of 5th June, 1896.

PAPERS.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the following papers :—

1. Report of the Superintendent of Victoria Gaol for 1897.

2. Report of the Director of the Observatory for 1897.

3. Report on the Widows' and Orphans' Pension Fund for the year 1897.

4. Report on Public Works Department Stores.

5. Report of the Superintendent of Fire Brigale for 1897.

6. Criminal Statistics and Coroner's Returns for 1897.

7. Supreme Court Returns for 1897.

FINANCIAL MINUTE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the following Financial Minute, (No. I), and moved that it be referred to the Finance Committee :

C.S.O.

366 of 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to re-vote the following sums being unexpended balances of the votes for 1897 under the heading “Extra- ordinary Public Works" :-

Water Supply, Kowloon,

$ 2,069

Extension of Station Street North, Kowloon, and Streets at Mongkoktsui,... 1,771 Taipingshan Improvement,

10,000

City of Victoria and Hill District Waterworks, Road from Plantation Road to Magazine Gap,

15,460

1,531

Water and Drainage Works, Miscellaneous,

10,779

Government House, Hongkong, 11th February, 1898.

The Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to,

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RESOLUTION.--The Director of Public Works addressed the Council and moved the following resolution :-

That in the opinion of this Council it is expedient--

A. To construct the new Law Courts and accessory offices on Plot No. 2 on the New Recla- mation, namely, the larger of the two lots reserved for Government Offices, immediately in front of the City Hall; and

B. To retain the sites of the present Post Office and Supreme Court for the erection of a new Post Office, which should also afford accommodation for the Treasury and such other Offices as may be decided on.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Mr. CHATER moved that the resolution be postponed until a future meeting of the Council. Mr. WHITEHEAD seconded.

His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government consented to the postponement until Monday, the 28th February.

RESOLUTION.—Mr. WHITEHEAD in pursuance of notice, moved the following resolution and addressed the Council:-

That the report of the proceedings of the Public Works Committee at a meeting held on 13th

ultimo and dated 14th idem be referred back to the Committee for amendment.

The Colonial Treasurer, with the permission of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, seconded the resolution prò formâ and addressed the Council.

The Director of Public Works addressed the Council.

Mr. BELILIOs addressed the Council.

Mr. WHITEHEAD replied.

The Council divided, and the motion was lost by a majority of nine votes.

For.

Mr. WHITEHEAD.

Against.

Mr. WEI YUK. Mr. BELILIOS.

Dr. Ho KAI

Mr. CHATER.

Director of Public Works.

Colonial Treasurer.

Captain Superintendent of Police. Harbour Master.

Attorney General.

Colonial Secretary.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE PRISON ORDINANCE, 1885.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE PREPARED OPIUM (DIVANS) ORDINANCE, 1897, (No. 15 OF 1897). -The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

The Attorney General moved the suspension of the Standing Rules and Orders.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF LEUNG P'UI CHI, alias LEUNG CHAK CH'ANG, alias LEUNG CHUNG.--The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill,

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

ME.

Y

7.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF WONG CHUK-YAU, alias WONG MAU, alias WONG SUN-IN.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendinent.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE MORE EFFECTUAL PUNISHMENT OF BRIBery and certain OTHER MISDEMEANORS -The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question--put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do

Bill passed.

pass.

JURY LIST 1898.--The Council then proceeded to consider the Jury List for 1898 in private. The List was duly revised, in accordance with section 8 of Ordinance 18 of 1887. ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned till Monday, the 28th February, 1898.

Read and confirmed, this 28th day of February, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCkle,

Clerk of Councils.

WILSONE BLACK,

Officer Administering the Government.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 3.

MONDAY, 28TH FEBRUARY, 1898.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT

(Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary and Registrar General, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART LOCKHART).

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

"1

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21

99

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, K.N.).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.).

the Colonial Treasurer, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G. JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

WEI YUK.

The Council met pursuant to adjournment.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 23rd February, 1898, were read and confirmed. MOTION. By permission of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, Mr. WHITEHEAD moved the following motion standing in his name prior to the continuance of the debate on the Resolution moved by the Director of Public Works at the last meeting on the subject of New Government Offices:-

That Government lay upon the table a copy of its covering despatch forwarding to the Colonial Office the report dated 23rd November, 1896, of the Committee appointed 8th September, 1894, by His Excellency Sir William Robinson to report on the condition of the Government Offices and the desirability of locating the various Government departments under one roof, together with a copy of any further explanations the Government may have given in con- nection therewith and as called for by the Secretary of State's despatch No. 126 of 5th June,

1896.

The motion was not seconded.

sang

RESOLUTION.-The Council then proceeded with the adjourned debate on the following Resolution moved by the Director of Public Works and seconded by the Colonial Secretary at the last meeting:

That in the opinion of this Council it is expedient---

A. To construct the new Law Courts and accessory offices on Plot No. 2 on the New Recla

mation, namely, the larger of the two lots reserved for Government Offices, immediately in front of the City Hall; and

B. To retain the sites of the present Post Office and Supreme Court for the erection of a new Post Office, which should also afford accommodation for the Treasury and such other Offices as may be decided on.

Mr. BELILIOS addressed the Council in support of the Resolution.

In the course of Mr. BELILIOS' address, His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government called the Honourable Member to order.

Mr. WHITEHEAD addressed the Council and opposed the second part of the Resolution.

Dr. Ho KAI supported the Resolution and addressed the Council.

Mr. WEI YUK expressed his concurrence in Dr. Ho Kar's remarks.

The Colonial Treasurer addressed the Council in support of the Resolution.

The Director of Public Works addressed the Council.

The Resolution was then read, and the Council divided-

For.

Mr. WEI YUK.

Mr. BELL-IRVING.

Mr. BELILIOS.

Dr. Ho KAI.

Director of Public Works.

Colonial Treasurer.

Captain Superintendent of Police.

Harbour Master.

Attorney General.

Against. Mr. CHATER.

Mr. WHITEHEAD.

Colonial Secretary.

9

10

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE PRISON Ordinance, 1885.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill,

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF LEUNG P'UI CHI, alias LEUNG CHAK CH'ANG, alias LEUNG CHUNG.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committe on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with verbal amendment. The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill. The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put--that this Bill do pass. Bill passed.

ADJOURNMENT.-The Council adjourned sine die.

Read and confirmed this 25th day of July, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

WILSONE BLACK,

Officer Administering the Government.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 4.

MONDAY, 25TH JULY, 1898.

11

1

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

* * * *

21

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*

$9

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHitehead.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

WEI YUK.

The Council met pursuant to summons.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 28th February, 1898, were read and confirmed. NOTICE OF QUESTIONS.-Mr. WHITEHEAD gave notice that, at the next Meeting of Council, he would ask the following questions:-

Will the Government inform the Council what progress has been made with these works decided upon more than twelve months ago and which were intended to commemorate permanently the completion of the 60th year's reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, also state how the Jubilees Fund is invested and what rate of interest it is earning?

In view of the construction in the colony of sundry factories under Chinese and European mana- gement is it the intention of the Government to enact any portion of the Home Acts respect- ing female and juvenile labour.

PAPERS.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Adminis- tering the Government, laid on the table the following papers:-

1. Report of the Captain Superintendent of Police for 1897.

2. Minutes of Meetings of the Piers Committee.

3. Calendar of Probate and Administration for 1897.

4. Report on Queen's College by the Examiners appointed by the Governing Body for 1897. 5. Report of the Harbour Master for 1897.

6. Secretary of State's Despatch respecting Speeches delivered at the Legislative Council

Meeting on the 25th January, 1898.

7. Financial Returns for the year 1897.

8. Report of the Pó Léung Kuk Society for the year ending 31st December, 1897.

9. Statement of Water Account for the year ending 31st December, 1897.

10. Return of Civil and Appeal Cases heard in the Supreme Court in 1897.

11. Report of the Postmaster General for 1897.

12. Report of the Director of Public Works for 1897.

13. Reports on the Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

14. Report on the Praya Reclamation Works for 1897.

15. Reports of the Medical Officer of Health, the Sanitary Surveyor, and the Colonial Vete-

rinary Surgeon for 1897.

16. Report of the Superintendent of the Botanical and Afforestation Department for 1897. 17. Report of the Registrar General for 1897.

18. The Educational Report for 1897.

19. Blue Book for 1897.

20. Report of the Insanitary Properties Commission.

12

FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 2 to 8), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee:-

C.O.D. 258 of 1897.

C.S.O.

938 of 1898.

C.$.0.

477 of 1898.

C.S.0.

716 of 1898.

C.S.O.

765 of 1898.

C.5.0. 1508 of 1898,

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand Four hundred and Nine Dollars ($1,409), being a gratuity to Mr. R. M. JAMESON, late Assistant Master, Queen's College.

Government House, Hongkong, 4th March, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recoinmends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and Seven Dollars ($407) in aid of the vote "Health Officer of the Port for repairs to Launch."

Government House, Hongkong, 31st May, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Seven hundred and Forty-seven Dollars ($747) in aid of the vote "Miscellaneous Works," Public Works Department.

Government House, Hongkong, 6th June, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Two hundred and Forty Dollars ($3,240) in aid of the vote "Repairs to Epidemic Hulk Hygeia."

Government House, Hongkong, 9th June, 1898,

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four thousand Dollars ($4,000) for the extension and improvement of the Central Fire Brigade Station.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th June, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twelve thousand and Fifty Dollars ($12,050) in aid of the following votes :-

Police.

(a) Passages and Bonuses,

(6) Clothing and Accoutrements, (c) Bedding and Mess Utensils,

$9.700

2,200

150

Total,.

.$12,050

C.5.0.

1695 of 1893,

Government House, Hongkong, 20th June, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five hundred and Fourteen Dollars and Thirty Cents ($514.30) in aid of the following votes:---

(a) Executioner's Fee and inflicting Corporal Punishment, (b) Reut of Quarters for Superintendent and Warders,.....

....$100.00

414.30

Total,...........

$514.30

Government House, Hongkong, 11th July, 1898.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

RESOLUTION.--Mr. WHITEHEAD addressed the Council and moved the following resolution :----

That it is desirable in the interests of the public that the land marked red on the annexed plan should not be let for building purposes but should be, henceforth, reserved as an open space and appropriated for the purposes of recreation, and that the sanction of the Secretary of State should be asked for the introduction of an Ordinance giving the Governor in Council power to make regulations, from time to time, as to the uses of the land so reserved, and to enforce such regulations by suitable penalties.

Dr. Ho KAI seconded.

Question-put and agreed nem. con.

*

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!

13

REPORT OF THE PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE.-The Director of Public Works laid on the table the report of the Public Works Committee, dated the 15th March, 1898, (No. 3), and moved that the second part of the report be adopted.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question--put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF CHAU TUNG SHANG.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question--put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF TONG YUK, ALIAS TONG LAI TS'UN. -The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE Kowloon GodoWNS TRAMWAYS Ordinance, 1897. Mr. BELL-IRVING moved the first reading of the Bill.

Honourable C. P. CHATER seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE LAW RELATING TO THE REGISTRATION OF TRADE MARKS.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE CATTLE DISEASES, SLAUGHTER-HOUSES, AND MARKETS ORDINANCE, 1887.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE BUILDING ORDINANCE, 1889.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL EntitleD AN ORDINANCE TO AUTHORISE THE APPROPRIATION OF A SUPPLEMENTARY SUM OF THREE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-EIGHT THOUSAND, EIGHT HUNDRED AND SIXTY-NINE DOLLARS AND NINETY-THREE CENTS, TO DEFRAY THE CHARGES OF THE YEAR 1897-The Acting Colonial Treasurer moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED KELLET ISLAND ORDINANCE, 1898.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND AND CONSOLIDATE THE LAW RELATING TO INTOXI- CATING LIQUOR LICENSES.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE AUTHORISING THE IMPOSITION OF FEES FOR THE ISSUE, BY THE GOVERNMENT OF HONGKONG; OF CERTAIN CERTIFICATES TO CERTAIN CHINESE DESIROUS OF PROCEEDING TO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

14

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO PROVIDE FOR THE PUNISHMENT OF CERTAIN CONSPIRACIES. The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANK ORDINANCES AMENDMENT ORDINANCE, 1882.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

The Attorney General moved the suspension of the Standing Rules and Orders.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do Bill passed.

pass.

1

ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned till Wednesday, the 3rd August, 1898.

Read and confirmed, this 3rd day of August, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

WILSONE BLACK,

Officer Administering the Government.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 5.

WEDNESDAY, 3RD AUGUST, 1898.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

??

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

"J

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.).

"}

14

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (Alexander MacDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

15

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"

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>>

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD. JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING. WEI YUK.

ABSENT:

The Honourable EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

The Council met pursuant to adjournment.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 25th July, 1898, were read and confirmed. RESOLUTION.-Dr. Ho KAI gave notice that, at the next meeting of Council, he would move the following resolution :-

That it is desirable in the interests of the public that the piece of ground situate at British Kow- loon and generally known as Sung Wong Tai (*) or Sung Wong Tong (I*), together with a certain area of land surrounding and adjacent thereto, as delineated and marked red on the annexed plan, should not be let for building or other purposes, but should be reserved for the benefit of the public in perpetuity, and that the same should be delimited and marked off and kept in good order by the Public Works Department of this Colony. PAPER.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Adminis- tering the Government, laid on the table the following paper :—

Report on the Assessment for 1898-99.

QUESTION. Mr. WHITEHEAD, pursuant to notice, asked the following question

Will the Government inform the Council what progress has been made with the works decided upon more than 12 months ago and which were intended to commemorate permanently the completion of the 60th year's reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, and also state, how the Jubilee Fund is invested and what rate of interest it is earning?

The Acting Colonial Secretary replied.

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 25th July, 1898, (No. 2), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

FINANCIAL MINUTE.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the following Financial Minute, (No. 9), and moved that it be referred to the Finance Committee :-

C.S.O.

8087 of 1896.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand and Seven hundred Dollars ($2,700) in aid of the vote "Gaol Extension."

Government House, Hongkong, 26th July, 1898.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

16

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF VACATIONS IN THE SUPREME COURT. -The Attoney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF CHAU TUNG SHANG.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF TONG YUK, alias TONG LAI TS'ÜN. -The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committe on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put--that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE KOWLOON GODOWNS TRAMWAYS Ordinance, 1897. Mr. BELL-IRVING moved the second reading of the Bill.

Mr. CHATER seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment. Mr. BELL-IRVING moved the third reading of the Bill. Mr. CHATER seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do

Bill passed.

pass.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE LAW RELATING TO THE REGISTRATION OF TRADE MARKS. The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendments.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE CATTLE DISEASES, SLAUghter-Houses, AND MARKETS ORDINANCE, 1887.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question--put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass. Bill passed.

17

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE BUILDING ORDINANCE, 1839.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed aud Bill reportel without amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AUTHORISE THE APPROPRIATION OF A SUPPLEMENTARY SUM OF THREE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-EIGHT THOUSAND, EIGHT HUNDRED AND SIXTY-NINE DOLLARS AND NINETY- THREE CENTS, TO DEFRAY THE CHARGES OF THE YEAR 1897.-The Acting Colonial Treasurer moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer moved that the Bill be referred to the Finance Committee. The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED KELLET ISLAND ORDINANCE, 1898.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question -put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed..

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE AUTHORISING THE IMPOSITION OF FEES FOR THE ISSUE, BY THE Government of Hongkong, oF CERTAIN CERTIFICATES TO CERTAIN CHINESE DESIROUS OF PROCEEDING TO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO PROVIDE FOR THE PUNISHMENT OF CERTAIN CONSPIRACIES.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill,

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded. Question-put and agreed to.

18

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned till Monday, the 15th August, 1898.

Read and confirmed this 15th day of August, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils, ·

WILSONE BLACK,

Officer Administering the Government.

19

No. 6.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL,

MONDAY, 15TH AUGUST, 1898.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

""

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the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G. JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

WEI YUK.

The Council met pursuant to adjournment.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 3rd August, 1898, were read and confirmed.

FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 10 and 11), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee :-

C.S.O. 1879 of 1898.

C.S.O.

1042 of 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five hundred Dollars ($500) in aid of the vote "Coal, Oil and Water for Steam -launch."

Government House, Hongkong, 30th July, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand and Five hundred Dollars ($2,500) in aid of the vote "Miscellaneous Works."

Government House, Hongkong, 5th August, 1898.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

RESOLUTION. Dr. Ho KAI, pursuant to notice, addressed the Council and moved the following resolution :-

That it is desirable in the interests of the public that the piece of ground situate at British Kow- loon and generally known as Sung Wong Toi (*) or Sung Wong Tong (**), together with a certain area of land surrounding and adjacent thereto, as delineated and marked red on the annexed plan, should not be let for building or other purposes, but should be reserved for the benefit of the public in perpetuity, and that the same should be delimited and marked off and kept in good order by the Public Works Department of this Colony.

Mr. WEI AYUK seconded.

The Director of Public Works addressed the Council in support of the resolution. Mr. WHITEHEAD also addressed the Council in support of the resolution. Question-put and agreed to.

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 3rd August, 1898, (No. 3), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF CHAN LI CHOY, alias Chan Chun CHUEN.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question--put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

20

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF LEUNG LUK, alias LEUNG Cheung Soy. The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

--Wycom

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF LI CHUNG, alias LI CHAU SHING.- The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO PROVIDE FOR THE RESERvation of CERTAIN LAND AT Causeway BAY AS A RECREATION GROUND AND FOR THE MAKING OF REGULATIONS AS TO ITS USE General moved the first reading of the Bill.

Mr. WHITEHEAD seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

The Attorney General moved the suspension of the Standing Rules and Orders. Mr. WHITEHEAD seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

Mr. WHITEHEAD seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government addressed the Council.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

Mr. WHITEHEAD seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

The Attorney

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANce for the establishment of VACATIONS IN THE SUPREME Court.— The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill."

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

1

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AUTHORISE THE APPROPRIATION OF A SUPPLEMENTARY SUM OF THREE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-EIGHT THOUSAND, EIGHT HUNDRED AND SIXTY-NINE DOLLARS AND NINETY-THREE CENTS, TO DEFRAY THE CHARGES OF THE YEAR 1897.-Council in Committee on the

Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

21

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE LAW RELATING TO THE REGISTRATION OF TRADE MARKS.-The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned till Monday, the 29th August, 1898.

Read and confirmed this 29th day of August, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

WILSONE BLACK, '

Officer Administering the Government.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 7.

MONDAY, 29TH AUGUST, 1898.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

R.N.).

>>

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY,

"7

""

12

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (Robert DALY ORMSBY).

17

11

""

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

""

WEI YUK.

23

The Council met pursuant to adjournment.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 15th August, 1898, were read and confirmed.

FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 12 and 13), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee:

C.S.O.

2051 of 1898.

C.S.O.

2110 of 1895.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six thousand Dollars ($6,000) in aid of the following votes :-

(1) Maintenance of Waterworks, City of Victoria and Hill District,..........

(2) Road from Plantation Road to Magazine Gap,..................

Government House, Hongkong, 18th August, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

.$3,000.00

3,000.00

Total,............... $6,000.00

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sun of Two thousand Dollars ($2,000) in aid of the following votes in the Police Department:-

(1) Coal, Oil, &c., for launches,

(2) Purchase and Repair of Boats,

....

$1,300.00

700.00

$2,000.00

Total,.....

Government House, Hongkong, 24th August, 1898.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.--The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 15th August, 1898, (No. 4), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

24

RESOLUTION.-The Director of Public Works, pursuant to notice, addressed the Council and moved the following resolution:

Be it resolved by the Legislative Council that the percentages on the valuations of tenements, payable as rates, within the area bounded-

On the north, by a straight line passing through a point on the Victoria and Shaukiwan Road 500 feet northwards of where the northern boundary of Shaukiwan Marine Lot No. 1 crosses the said road, thence drawn in an easterly direction through a point on the Shaukiwan and Akung-Ngam Road 500 feet northwards of the north-west corner of the Shaukiwan Police Station, and extended in each direction to meet the eastern and western boundaries.

On the west, south and east by a line 500 feet inland from the centre of the present Victoria and Shaukiwan Road and the present main street of Shaukiwan, where not already so altered be altered from 7 to 9 per cent.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE AUTHORIZING THE IMPOSITION OF FEES FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF ALIENS NATURALIZED AS BRITISH SUBJECTS WITHIN THE LIMITS OF HONGKONG.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE MAGISTRATES ORDINANCE, 1890.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF LO CHUNG PAK, alias Lo YUEN POON, alias Lo SHAU Ü.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF CHAN LI CHOY, alias CHAN CHUN CHUEN.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resuined and Bill reported without amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put--that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF LEUNG LUK, alias LEUNG Cheung Soy.--The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

25

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF LI CHUNG, alias LI CHAU SHING.— The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question--put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned till Monday, the 12th September, 1898.

Read and confirmed this 12th day of September, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

WILSONE BLACK,

Officer Administering the Government.

7

:

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 8.

MONDAY, 12TH SEPTEMBER, 1898.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH),

}}

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.).

55

17

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

""

the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

27

??

14

>>

:

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G. WEI YUK.

The Honourable JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to adjournment.

ABSENT:

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 29th August, 1898, were read and confirmed. PAPER.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Adminis- tering the Government, laid on the table the following paper:--

Report on the Progress of Public Works during the half-year ending 30th June, 1898. FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 14 and 15), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Comunittee :-

C.5.0.

2057 of 1898.

C.S.0.

2008 of 189S.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand and Five hundred Dollars ($3,500) in aid of the vote " Expenses of the Volunteers.'

""

Government House, Hongkong, 3rd September, 1898. WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twenty-three thousand Eight hundred and Five Dollars and Forty-four Cents ($23,805.44), in aid of the vote for "Store Account" in the Public Works Department.

Government House, Hongkong, 6th September, 1898.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 29th August, 1898, (No. 5), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded. Question-put and agreed to.

RESOLUTION.~(Bye-laws for the regulation of Laundries.)-The Acting Colonial Secretary, pur- suant to notice, addressed the Council and moved the following resolution:

de la pla

That this Council approves of the repeal by the Sanitary Board of the present Bye-laws approved by this Council on the 16th day of August, 1895, and the substitution therefor of the Bye-laws made by the Sanitary Board on the 25th day of August, 1898.

The Attorney General seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

BYE-LAWS FOR REGULATING THE SALE OF POISONS.-The Attorney General laid on the table the Bye-laws made by the Sanitary Board under sub-section 22 of section 13 of Ordinance 24 of 1887, and moved that they be approved.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded. Question-put and agreed to.

28

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE BIRTHS AND DEATHS REGISTRATION ORDINANCE, 1896.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

The Attorney General moved the suspension of the Standing Rules and Orders.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE AUTHORIZING THE IMPOSITION OF FEES FOR THE NATURALIZATION

OF ALIENS NATURALIZED AS BRITISH SUBJECTS WITHIN THE LIMITS OF HONGKONG.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE MAGISTRATES ORDINANCE, 1890.—The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF LO CHUNG PAK, alias Lo YUEN POON, alias Lo SHAU Ü.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendment.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass. Bill passed.

29

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND AND CONSOLIDATE THE LAW RELATING TO INTOXICATING LIQUOR LICENSES.-The Attorney General addressed the Council and moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question--put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendments.

The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF LEUNG LUK, alias LEUNG Cheung Soy. The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF LI CHUNG, alias LI CHAN SHING.— The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass. Bill passed.

ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned sine die.

Read and confirmed this 1st day of October, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

WILSONE BLACK,

Officer Administering the Government.

E-

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 9.

SATURDAY, 1ST OCTOBER, 1898.

31

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

*

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

})

"}

""

";

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (Robert Daly ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

""

""

WEI YUK.

11

ABSENT:

The Honourable THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

The Council met pursuant to summons.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 12th September, 1898, were read and confirmed. NEW MEMBER.—Mr. POLLOCK took his seat as Acting Attorney General, after having taken the Oath prescribed by Ordinance 4 of 1869.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO APPLY A SUM NOT EXCEEDING TWO MILLIONS FIVE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-SEVEN THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND NINETY-EIGHT DOLLARS AND EIGHTY CENTS TO THE PUBLIC SERVICE OF THE YEAR 1899.-The Acting Colonial Secretary moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned till Monday, the 10th October, 1898, at 3

Read and confirmed this 10th day of October, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

WILSONE BLACK,

p.m.

Officer Administering the Government.

Clerk of Councils.

C

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 10.

SATURDAY, 10TH OCTOBER, 1898.

33

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS, SERCOMBE SMITH).

>>

>>

>

*

19

59

";

the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

the Ilarbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G. JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING. WEI YUK.

ABSENT:

The Honourable THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

The Council met pursuant to adjournment.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 1st October, 1898, were read and confirmed. PAPERS. The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Adminis- tering the Government, laid on the table the following papers :-

1. The Principal Civil Medical Officer's Report for 1897.

2. Alcoholic Commission Report.

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE. -The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 12th September, 1898, (No. 6), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

RESOLUTION The Acting Colonial Secretary, pursuant to notice, addressed the Council and moved the following resolution:

That the following Resolution passed by the Sanitary Board on the 22nd September, 1898, be approved by the Legislative Council:-

"That Bye-law 9 of the Bye-laws made by the Board on the 13th day of March, 1891, and amended on the 2nd day of April, 1891, for the licensing, regulation and sanitary main- tenance of common lodging-houses, under sub-section 12 of section 13 of Ordinance 24 of 1887 and sub-section D of section 1 of Ordinance 26 of 1890, be revoked." The Acting Attorney General seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

RESOLUTION. The Director of Public Works, pursuant to notice, addressed the Council and moved the following resolution:-

Be it resolved by the Legislative Council that the percentages on the valuation of tenements, payable as rates, in the village of Hung Hom be altered from 10 to 124 per cent. and in the village of Mongkoktsui from 9 to 10 per cent..

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to..

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF ONE ÜN CHUNG Wo alias Üx Oi Ü alias ÜN HI alias ÜN Kwok Hr.-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO APPLY A SUM NOT EXCEEDING TWO MILLIONS FIVE HUNDRED AND FIGHTY-SEVEN THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND NINETY-EIGH? DOLLARS AND EIGHTY CENTS TO THE PUBLIC SERVICE OF THE YEAR 1899.-The Acting Colonial Secretary addressed the Council and moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

The Acting Colonial Secretary moved that the Bill be referred to the Finance Committee. The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

34

His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government at this stage retired and a meeting of the Finance Committee was then held to consider the Bill.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Colonial Secretary moved the third reading of the Bill. The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do

Bill passed.

pass.

ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned sine die.

Read and confirmed this 22nd day of November, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE, Clerk of Councils.

WILSONE BLACK,

Officer Administering the Government.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 11.

TUESDAY, 22ND NOVEMBER, 1898.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMENT (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

35

""

""

17

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

""

the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

11

""

* * *

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

WEI YUK.

ABSENT:

The Honourable the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLock).

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

""

The Council met pursuant to summons.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 10th October, 1898, were read and confirmed. His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government addressed the Council as follows:-

All business firms whether large or small take stock once a year, and call a momen- tary halt to see how they stand before girding up their loins for the work of the coming year. Governments, which are but large business firms working for the public weal, in the same way review each year their position, and not only put forward their balance sheet but indicate with modest satisfaction schemes which have run smoothly and well, and gloss over those which, however well laid though they may have been, have gone agley. I take, then, no unusual course in asking you to listen while I briefly touch upon some of the events which have made the ten months I have had the honour to hold the reins more eventful than many like periods of your past history. Although less severe than in 1894, the Plague has this year claimed 1,163 victims out of 1,320 stricken. Wisely abandoning the too stringent application of Western methods the Government erected suitable hospital buildings at Kennedytown, placed them in charge of the Tung Wa Hospital, and induced the Chinese to carry their sick to that benevolent institution. While deeply deploring the loss by this dread visitation, I am glad to congratulate the medical profession, and the other Government officials whose duty connected them with the suppression of the plague, for the strenuous and unselfish efforts with which they carried out their humane duties. Three of the Sisters caught the infection at the post of duty, of whom two died, giving up their lives as nobly as men who die on the field amid the din and excitement of battle. The outbreak of war between Spain and America-two countries in friendly relations with England- threw on this Government the onerous task of maintaining the laws of neutrality. A little island stored with food, coal, and all the munitions of war in great abundance lying off a coast indented with harbours, is naturally a convenient spot where belligerents might replenish their stores of coal and food, and it is a source of satisfaction to this Government that, thanks to the energy and tact with which the officials carried out their duties, the laws of neutrality were strictly enforced, and yet the end of the war found us on as friendly terms with either belligerent as at the beginning. The changes that this war may bring may deeply affect this Colony, but they still lie in the future and are not yet within our ken. A social incident not without its bearing on a great national movement was the arrival in Hongkong of a German Prince charged for the first time with high command in Eastern waters. The Prince of Prussia would have found a welcome for his own sake. Courteous, kind, and capable, yet every inch a Prince, he was welcomed by the whole community of Hongkong, and the English inhabitants did not forget in their welcome that he and his wife are grand-children of our beloved Queen. Hongkong has long. felt the anomaly of its position, with the northern side of its magnificent harbour actually belonging to another Power, its forts at the eastern entrance cominanded at short rifle-range by the Devil's Peak, and the end of its mine fields almost touching the Chinese soil, the Bay of Kowloon within the precincts of its harbours but outside its jurisdiction. In June last a Convention was signed by which our boundary line is pushed some thirteen miles to the north, thus sweeping away

36

(

these anomalies giving Hongkong room to expand, and more than all preventing the passing into other hands of the roads of Lantau, and the spacious harbour of Mirs Bay. Much interest is naturally felt in Hongkong as to the position of the stations of the Maritime Customs. It seems to me only just and necessary that these should recede with the new boundary, for it would be an abdication of sovereignty if a Foreign Power were allowed to exercise control within British waters. At the same time I recognise that it is right that we should aid the friendly Government of China in her task of protecting her revenue, made so difficult by the indented nature of the coast line, and to this end I have suggested that opium should be stored in Government godowns, and only issued on Government permit. In legislation much useful but unobstrusive work has been done. I may instance The Trade Marks Ordinance, The Liquor Licences Ordinance, The Bank Note Ordinance. The increased issue of Bank notes has, from causes well known to you all, been long demanded and the enlarged circulation is proving a great boon. The Queen's Recreation Ground Ordinance. In the last I have taken great interest, and I have some right to look upon it as a bantling of my own. The recurrence of the plague has forced on every thinking man the need of letting light and air into the blocks of Chinese houses, which, full of human beings in many cases, literally stand back to back in the City of Victoria, containing rooms into which the sun never enters, and where the fetid air has no motion. Doctors and physic, good though they be by themselves, are powerless to cure, while sun and air are a sure preventive; and great as the task may be of bringing these natural agents into this reeking mass of humanity their admission must be secured by law. A Bill is now before you which I admit does not go far enough, but it will at least be the beginning of a great reform. Many complaints have been made as to the shortcomings of the Post Office; a great deal of the confusion comes from retrenchment having been carried too far, and from the business having outgrown the building. I have submitted recommendations to the Secretary of State which will, I trust, produce great improvement in the department, in whose well-being every individual is concerned. Nearly allied to the Queen's Recreation Ground is the reservation of the rocky bluff on which stands the boulders called Sung Wan Toi, or the "Watch Towers of the Sung, which, as far as I can gather, is the only historical monument which links modern history with the old-world time. To make its reservation more certain I applied to the Secretary of State for leave to bring in a Bill to this end, and his permission is now on the sea. I regret that I will not have the pleasure of giving assent to it. A survey has been made of the Jubilee Road round the Island. It has been traced with easy gradients, and offers in the section between Aberdeen and Deep Water Bay, an important sanitary reform, for part of the scheme is to fill up and turf over the festering inlet to which the leading medical men of the Colony point as the source of the malaria which has so long marred the health of Aberdeen and the neighbourhood of Magazine Gap. I have nothing but the good of the community at heart, and I emphatically state that if you believe medical testimony, it is your duty to decree that this section be the first taken in hand. Health and pleasure and the wheels of progress, and I may add of bicycles, move on roads, and in my belief a great strengthening of the defence of this Island will take place when the tracing across the pathless barrier of Mount Cameron and Mount Nicholson is broadened into a road. Shortly after arriving in this Colony I urged the Government to take this in hand on public grounds, and it is with great pleasure that by an agreement effected on my representation this boon to the pleasure of the Colony and to its defence may be expected shortly to begin. I can hardly teach you much about finance; the revenue is increasing, the financial position is sound, and taxation is light; but costly works lie ahead. New Law Courts, new General Post Office, a new Government Residence at the Peak and other public works for which money will have to be provided; in fact, the cry is ever "Onward," and I have no doubt that under the able Director, the public works of the future will be as magnificent and useful as those undertaken in the past. It is beyond my province to do more than allude to the great dramas that have been and are being enacted around us. We live in a history-making epoch, and changes are now in progress which will powerfully affect the future destinies of the five great nations of the world. Little Hongkong is not far removed from the centre of action, and its rulers may have a word to say to the shaping of events. Sir HENRY BLAKE will shortly arrive to assume the reins of Government, and I congratulate the Colony on having secured a chief so able and so experienced, and have no doubt that the Colony will advance under his wise rule. I cannot retire from the presidency of this Council without thanking the Honourable Members for the zeal and attention which they have brought to bear on all matters submitted to them and for the kindly spirit which has animated all their dealings with ine. I have much pleasure in acknowledging the loyal and willing co-opera- tion with which the Colonial Secretary and the other official members have worked with me in our joint task of carrying out the administration of the Colony.

Mr. CHATER addressed the Council.

Dr. Ho KAI addressed the Council.

The Acting Colonial Secretary addressed the Council.

37

FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 16 to 22), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee:-

C.5.0. 2304 of 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Four hundred and Seventy-two Dollars ($3,472) in aid of the following

votes:-

(a) Provisions for Prisoners,

(b) Materials for Remunerative Industry, (c) Clothing, etc. for Gaol Staff,

$2,000.00

1,000.00

472.00

Total,....

$3,472.00

C.S.O.

2159 of 1898.

C.O.D.

165 of 1898.

Government House, Hongkong, 26th September, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand and Three hundred Dollars ($2,300) to meet the cost of certain alterations in the Gaol for laundry purposes.

Government House, Hongkong, 27th September, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand and Seven hundred Dollars ($2,700) to meet the following expenses during the current year:

(1.) Half salary of the Acting Colonial Secretary from 26th June to 5th

October, 1898,.....

(2.) Expenses of the Special Commissioner (Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, C.M.G.) in connection with the extension of the Kowloon boundaries,

....

Total,..

Government House, Hongkong, 4th October, 1898.

.$1,347.82

1,352.18

.$2,700.00

0.9.0.

2106 of 1898.

C.S.O.

3625 of 1898.

C.S.O.

1699 of 1898.

C.5.0.

2696 of 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and Fifty Dollars and Ninety-four Cents ($150.94) to cover the expenses incurred in connection with the recovery of the Gap Rock Moorings.

Government House, Hongkong, 20th October, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six hundred Dollars ($600) in aid of the vote "Improvement of Gas Lighting, City of Victoria."

Government House, Hongkong, 2nd November, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five hundred Dollars ($500) in aid of the vote "Incidental Expenses" Sanitary Department.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1898.

WILSONE BLACK.

The Officer Administering the Government recommends the Council to vote a sum of Nine hundred Dollars ($900) in aid of the following votes, Police Department:-

1. Oil and Wick and Gas for Barracks,

2. Meals for Prisoners in Cells,

3. Photography,

4. Secret Service,

....

.$500.00

100.00

200.00

100.00

Total,......

.$900.00

Government House, Hongkong, 11th November, 1898.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question--put and agreed to.

V

38

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 10th October, 1898, (No. 7), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

SANITARY BYE-LAWS RELATING TO CEMETERIES.-The Acting Colonial Secretary laid on the table the Bye-laws made by the Sanitary Board under sub-section 18 of section 13 of Ordinance 24 of 1887, as amended by Ordinance No. 12 of 1891, and moved that they be approved.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

RESOLUTION.-The Director of Public Works, pursuant to notice, addressed the Council and moved the following resolution :-

"That the percentages on the valuation of tenements in Hok-ün and Kwo-lo-wan (the latter now known as Kowloon Marine Lot 40) at present payable as rates under the Rating Ordinance of 1888, as amended by Ordinance No. 5 of 1892, be altered from 7 per cent, to 9 per cent.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO MAKE FURTHER PROVISION FOR THE SANITATION OF THE COLONY AND TO REPEAL CERTAIN ENACTMENTS OF THE CLOSED HOUSES AND INSANITARY DWELLINGS Ordinance, 1894.-The Captain Superintendent of Police addressed the Council and moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AUTHORIZE THE IMPOSITION OF FEES FOR THE ISSUE BY THE GOVERNMENT OF HONGKONG OF CERTAIN CERTIFICATES TO CERTAIN CLASSES OF CHINESE WHO ARE DESIROUS OF GOING TO THE PORT OF MANILA IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.-The Acting Colonial Secretary moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

The Acting Colonial Secretary moved the suspension of the Standing Rules and Orders. The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

The Acting Colonial Secretary moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Colonial Secretary moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question--put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF ONE UN CHUNG Wo alias ÜN OI Ü alias ÜN HI alias ÜN KWOK HI.-The Acting Colonial Secretary moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Colonial Secretary moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass. Bill passed.

ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned sine die.

Read and confirmed this 22nd day of December, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

WILSONE BLACK,

Officer Administering the Government.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 12.

THURSDAY, 22ND DECEMBER, 1898.

39

PRESENT:

His Excellency Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

""

">

"}

""

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY).

""

""

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

""

WEI YUK.

>>

ABSENT:

His Excellency the Governor (Sir HENRY ARTHUR BLAKE, G.C.M.G.). The Honourable the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD Pollock).

""

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to summons.

In the absence of His Excellency the Governor through indisposition, His Excellency the Major- General Commanding presided.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 22nd November, 1898, were read and confirmed. STANDING COMMITTEES.-His Excellency appointed the following Committees :-

(a) Finance Committee,

The Colonial Secretary, (Chairman).

All the Members of Council, except the Governor.

(b) Law Committee.---

The Attorney General, (Chairman).

Honourable J. J. BELL-IRVING.

Honourable Ho KAI.

Honourable E. R. BELILIOS.

Honourable WEI YUK.

(c) Public Works Committee,—

The Director of Public Works, (Chairman).

The Colonial Treasurer.

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Honourable E. R. BELILIOS.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD.

PAPER.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid ou the table the following paper:-

Report on the Epidemic of Bubonic Plague in Hongkong in the Year 1898.

FINANCIAL MINUTE.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minute, (No. 23), and moved that it be referred to the Finance Committee :-

C.8.0.

853 of 1898.

HENRY A. BLAKE.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twenty-nine thousand One hundred and Fifty Dollars ($29,150), to meet the expenses of the Post Office for 1898.

Government House, Hongkong, 30th November, 1898.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

40

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 22nd November, 1898, (No. 8), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE WATERWORKS Ordinances, 1890 to 1897.-The Acting Colonial Secretary moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Director of Public Works seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF WONG SHU TONG alias WONG KA YAU alias WONG WING KWAN.-The Acting Colonial Secretary moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to. ·

Bill read a first time.

ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned sine die.

Read and confirmed this 30th day of December, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

HENRY A. BLAKE,

Governor.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No.

No. 13.

FRIDAY, 30TH DECEMBER, 1898.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR

(Sir HENRY ARTHUR BLAKE, G.C.M.G.).

The Honourable the Acting Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH). the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

""

"}

}}

""

""

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY). CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

WEI YUK.

ABSENT:

The Honourable the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

""

??

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to summons.

41

NEW MEMBER. His Excellency Major-General WILLIAM JULIUS GASCOIGNE General Officer Commanding took the Oath of Allegiance on taking his seat in the Council.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 22nd December, 1898, were read and confirmed. REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Acting Colonial Secretary, by command of lis Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 22nd December, 1898, (No. 9), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE WATERWORKS ORDINANCES, 1890 to 1897.-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill, and a ldressed the Council.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question--put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED An Ordinance FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF WONG SHU TONG alias WONG KA YAU alias WONG WING KWAN.-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass. Bill passed.

ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned sine die.

licad and confirmed this 25th day of January, 1899.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

HENRY A. BLAKE,

Governor.

HONGKONG.

375

No. 31

THE PRINCIPAL CIVIL MEDICAL OFFICER'S REPORT FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

98

No. 31.

S

MEDICAL DEPARTMENT,

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 27th June, 1898.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward the Annual Report of the Melical Department for 1897, including the report of the work of the Government Civil Hospital during that year, to which is attached a report on the Lunatic Asylums by the Medical Officer in charge, the report of the Medical Officer in charge of the Gaol and the Tung Wah Hospital. These have been carefully prepared and the tables attached have been as far as possible brought into accord with the nomenclature adopted in the Annual Reports of the Government Civil Hospital. Lastly, there is the report of the Acting Government Analyst.

It will be convenient here to attach a return of the Medical Officers of the Department

Name of Officer.

Dr. P. B. C. Ayres, C.M.G.,...

,,

J. M. Atkinson,

"

"J

G. P. Jordan,

J. A. Lowson,

F. W. Clark,

"

J. Bell,

J. C. Thomson,

Date of first Appointment

under Government.

14th August, 1873. 6th August, 1887.

17th August, 1888. 1st Nov., 1889. 14th Sept.,

1895.

1st June,

1896.

1st January,

1897.

Leave taken in 1897.

Offices held in 1897..

Name of Acting Officer.

Full Pay.

Half Pay.

Dr. J. M. Atkinson,

Colonial Surgeon.

Supt. G. C. Hospital, Acting Colonial Surgeon, & Principal Civil Medi- cal Officer.

Health Officer of Port.

Assistant Surgeon.

2 months and 7 days.

Assistant Surgeon,

(Medical Officer of Health).

Assistant Surgeon.

1 month and 26 days.

Do.

12 months.

Drs. Bell & Swan.

Drs. Penny & Swan.

For the sake of convenience I continue the order hitherto adopted in the Annual Reports of the Colonial Surgeon.

POLICE.

The year The total number of admissions to the hospital have been 62 less than in the previous year, the average strength of the Force remaining the same. The deaths occurring in the hospital have been 4 as against 7 in 1896.

has been a more healthy one as regards the Police than 1896.

On referring to Table II it will be seen that the total sickness was slightly increased amongst the European section of the Force, diminished amongst the Chinese, and less in the Indian section; the rate of mortality being practically the same with the Europeans and Indians, but much less amongst the Chinese members of the Force.

The total number of admissions to hospital during the last ten years is given in the following table:

Year.

Europeans.

Indians.

Chinese.

1888.

147

279

231

1889,

166

230

194

1890,

149

254.

179

1891.

169

285

118

1892,

152

224

120

1893.

134

255

133

1894.

127

244

134

1895.

96

254

116

1896,

94

370

124

1897,

99

320

107

376

There have been seven deaths amongst the members of the Force during the year: one European, two Indians and one Chinese dying in hospital; one Indian died on leave, one Chinese at his residence in Hongkong and another at his native place whilst on leave.

The total admissions to Hospital and deaths in the Force for the last ten years are shown in the following Table :-

Year.

1888,

1889,

}

1890,

1891,

1892,

1893,

1894,

1895,

1896,.... 1897,..

Admissions.

Deaths.

657

15

590

14

582

7

570

7

496

7

522

6

505

15

466

8

588

14

526

7

POLICE STATIONS.

The accommodation provided in several of the stations of the city is very inadequate. I refer more especially to Nos. V, VI, and VII Police Stations. To corroborate this statement from Table III it will be seen that the following Police were admitted from No. VII station during the year :-

Europeans.

9

Indians.

43

Chinese.

25

Total.

77

more than 14 per cent. of the total admissions. On the other hand at Aberdeen where the quarters have been built on an improved site there were only 14 admissions as against 27 in 1896. Hung Hom and Yaumati account for 42 admissions in 1897 as against 14 in 1896.

The Central Police Station leaves much to be desired as a barracks for the Police. It is much too overcrowded, and to secure the maintenance of the health and vigour of the Force the question of erecting barracks in close proximity to the city but not in its central and most overcrowded part will have to be considered.

ST. JOHN'S AMBULANCE CLASS.

Last summer I instructed a class consisting of one Inspector, three Sergeants and 15 Constables in "first aid to the injured," and of this class fifteen who presented themselves for examination passed. Surgeon-Colonel EVATT, P.M.O., very kindly acted as examiner. Every policeman should be qualified to render efficient "first aid " in case of need.

The different hours of duty of the men and the distance of many of the stations from the city render the regular attendance of members at a class of this sort somewhat difficult.

TROOPS.

From Table IV it will be seen that there was a decided increase in the sickness amongst the British Troops, the admissions to hospital being 2,973 as against 2,729 in 1896 whilst the strength has diminished from 1,470 to 1,417. All round 1897 must have been a less healthy year for the Troops than 1896 as although the total average strength of the Garrison had decreased from 2,784 to 2,645, the admissions to hospital increased from 4,274 to 4,455, against this the number of deaths diminished from 19 to 15. However, it must be borne in mind that many more men were invalided home during 1897 than has been the custom in former years and some of these would, in all likelihood, have died had they remained in the Colony.

The average daily rate of sickness amongst the Native Troops has decreased from 59.59 to 52.71 per cent. and the rate of mortality of the strength from 6.08 to 4.07 per 1,000. The improved accommodation provided for the men of the Hongkong Regiment accounts to a great extent for this, as I surmised would be the case in my Annual Report for 1895.

The following table gives the sickness and mortality among the Troops for the past ten years :—

Admissions.

Deaths.

1888, 1889,

1,485

21

1,732

16

1890,

1,915

15

1891,

1,851

17

1892,

2,844

31

1893,

2,927

28

1894,

2,905

39

1895,

3,099

28

1896,

4,274

19

1897,

4,455

15

Government CIVIL HOSPITAL.

377

During the last year the increase in the number of Chinese admitted has been maintained, 65 more having been admitted than in the previous year although the total adınissions of all nationalities is 153 less.

The figures for the last four years are:-

Year.

1894,

1895,....

1896,..... 1897,

Chinese.

Total.

657

1,963

921

2,283

928

2,598

993

2,445

Notwithstanding that an extra ward was opened for them many have had to be refused admission owing to lack of accommodation.

This is the more remarkable as less patients have been admitted from the Tung Wah, the numbers being 42 in 1897 as against 102 in 1896.

More Japanese were admitted than has been the case in former years; this is accounted for by the establishment of large Glassworks at Hunghom, the employees all being Japanese.

STAFF.

The Colonial Surgeon left on the 29th April on two months' leave and I took over the duties of his office.

He retired on pension on the 28th June and I was appointed in his place; the title of Colonial Surgeon being altered to that of Principal Civil Medical Officer, the despatch stating "that I should continue to be responsible for the medical charge of the Government Civil Hospital." (C.O. Despatch No. 77 dated 12th April.)

Dr. Lowson was away for the whole of the year, his services having been placed at the disposal of the Indian Government in connection with the Plague at Bombay. The duties of his office were performed by Drs. BELL and Swan.

Dr. BELL was unfortunately "warded" on 3rd February, suffering from an attack of Typhoid fever; he left for Japan on the 17th March on two months' sick leave in order to recuperate, his duties being performed by Dr. H. L. PENNY, R.N., whose services were kindly lent to this Government by His Excellency Admiral BULLER from 12th February to the 8th April; after this date Dr. SWAN was employed up to the 19th September as Assistant Surgeon; his services were lent to the Army Medical Staff Corps from that date at the request of the Principal Medical Officer.

Dr. THOMSON was appointed provisionally, subject to the sanction of the Secretary of State for the Colonies, to be an Assistant Surgeon in the Medical Department on the 1st January, his duties being those of Visiting Surgeon to the Tung Wah Hospital with the privilege of private practice. (C.S.L. No. 1982/96 dated 24th December, 1896.)

On the 1st August he was appointed an Assistant Surgeon in this Department, his letter of appointment stating that he should as part of his duties continue to visit the Tung Wah Hospital.

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL.

The following table gives the number and classification of those admitted during the past ten years:

Police,

1888. 1889. 1890.

1891. 1892. 1893. 1894.

1895. 1896. 1897.

657

590

582

570

496.

522

505

466

588

529

Board of Trade,

153

135

110

135

157

132

100

129

87

45

Private paying Patients,

313

402

527

464

378

467

491

498

632

603

Government Servants,

159

135

191

179

168

205

168

203

269

227

Police Cases,...

242

252

264

240

232

247

272

319

244

299

Destitutes,

248

279

283

279

284

262

427

668

778

742

1,772 1.793 1,957 1,867 1,715 1,835 1,963 2,283

2,598 2,445

From this it will be seen that the number of Police cases increased by 54, the other classes all showing a diminution, this being the most marked amongst the Police bearing out my former state- ment that 1897 was a more healthy year at any rate as regards the Police Force.

Undoubtedly, more Chinese year by year avail themselves of the benefits that this Institution offers, and if the Hospital is to keep pace with the requirements in this respect the accommodation will have to be considerably increased.

378

The admissions and deaths in Hospital for the past ten years are as follows:-

1888,.

1889.

1890,

1891.

1892,

1893,

1894,

1895,

1896,.. 1897,

Admissions.

Deaths.

1,772

80

1,793

77

1,957

98

1,867

84

1,715

68

1,835

67

1,963

101

2,283

114

2,598

143

2,445

119

The percentage of deaths (4.86) compares favourably with that of the previous two years, as the following will show :-

Year.

1895,

1896.

1897,.

Admissions.

Deaths.

2,283

114

2,598

143

2,445

119

LUNATIC ASYLUMS.

Percentage.

4.99

5.69

4.86

There is a slight increase in the total number of admissions as compared with the previous year, the number of deaths being less; the figures are:--

Year. 1896,.. 1897.

Admissions. 128 136

Deaths.

16

12

Six more Europeans were admitted than in the previous year. Dr. BELL, the Medical Officer in charge, has furnished a report on the working of the Asylums which is contained in Enclosure II. This is the first time such a report has appeared.

In it is mentioned that three Chinese suffering from General Paralysis of the Insane were admitted. This is an interesting fact, as it has been recorded that Chinese do not suffer from this particular form of insanity.

INFECTIOUS HOSPITALS.

KENNEDY TOWN HOSPITAL.

There were 146 admissions to this hospital during the year as follows :—

Small-pox, Plague,.

Cases. 125

15.

Deaths.

48

14

Of the other six, five were under observation and one was in attendance.

46

HOSPITAL HULK HYGEIA."

The hospital ship was maintained during the year in a satisfactory condition.

MATERNITY HOSPITAL.

This building was handed over to this Department in April, 1897.

Since the opening of the hospital there have been 20 confinements with three deaths; the latter being Chinese who were admitted practically moribund. One infant, the daughter of an European, died from Congenital Malformation of the heart.

PUBLIC MORtuary.

568 bodies were received at the mortuary during the year. The particulars as to nationality and cause of death are given in Table VIII.

VICTORIA GAOL.

The following table gives the number of admissions to the Gaol and the daily average number of prisoners for the past ten years :-

1888 1889,

1890,

1891,....

1892,

1893,

1894,.

1895.

.....

1896,

1897,

"

Total number admitted to Gaol.

Daily average No. of prisoners.

3,627

531.00

3,705

581.00

3,444

566.00

5,231

507.00

5,046

515.00

4,010

458.00

3,913

45500.

5,014

472.00

5,582

514.00

5,076

462.00

These figures show a considerable diminution in the number of prisoners, 506 less being admitted than in the previous year; the daily average was 462, 42 less than in 1896,

379

In Enclosure III will be found a report by the Medical Officer of Victoria Gaol. From this it will be seen that the admissions to hospital were 158 less than in 1896. Of those treated in the hospital 27 were suffering from malarial fever and 32 from debility. Flogging as now inflicted, viz., with the birch produces no contusion of the subcutaneous tissues, the usual result being a superficial redness which soon passes off and does not interfere with the prisoner's labour; formerly when the rattan was used the men invariably had to go to hospital, some for a longer some for a shorter period, the contused wounds occasionally resulting in the production of gluteal abscesses.

The total number of whippings was 141 as compared with 206 floggings in 1896.

There were four deaths from natural causes, two Chinamen committed suicide by hanging them- selves in their cells; and there were no executions.

TUNG WAR HOSPITAL.

With regard to this institution a Commission appointed by His Excellency Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, G.C.M.G., fully inquired into its working and organisation and the report of this Commission. together with the evidence taken before it, was issued from the Government Printing Office in September, 1896.

One result of this was the appointment of Dr. THOMSON as Visiting Surgeon to this Institution. His report for the year 1897 will be found in Enclosure IV.

In conjunction with Dr. THOMSON Mr. CHUNG KING-UE, who has been trained in Western Medicine at Tientsin and was subsequently House Surgeon for eight years at the Alice Memorial Hospital, was appointed Resident Surgeon to this hospital.

The existence of this hospital in which it appears that more than four-fifths of the inmates are treated by so-called Chinese methods, is somewhat anomalous in a British Colony.

It is not for me to discuss the matter from the point of view of the statesman who, doubtless, has to consider the desirability of humouring to some extent the prejudices of the Chinese population, who in this Colony out-number the Europeans by the proportion of twenty to one.

It is my duty to look at the matter from a medical point of view and there can be very little doubt from that point of view that the so-called Chinese medical methods are really nothing but empericism or quackery; as DYER BALL states in his work on "Things Chinese"

"Medical works claim attention from the numerous writers on this branch. The oldest work was written several centuries before the Christian era.

"It has been supposed from their minute account of the human body that the Chinese, at one time. practised dissection. If so, however, the remembrance of it has long been forgotten, and their medical works are characterised by groundless theories."

Dr. WILSON, Inspector of Naval Hospitals and Fleets in his work "Medical Notes on China"

states-

**The healing art among the Chinese, with much pretension to learning and practical power, is in a very rude and insufficient state; it is, in fact, a chaos of unfounded conceits, contradictory notions, and pompous phrases.

"They appear to have fallen into a petrified fixedness which nothing but the most powerful external agents can move.

"They affect to understand temperaments by the pulse. When one of the medical sages was requested to declare that of the writer, he laid his fingers along the wrist, appeared to think deeply while he interrogated the impulse, and, after a little, said, gravely, that the element of metal predominated.

"Surgery, in any proper sense of the word, has no existence among the Chinese; as might have been concluded, without observation, from their total ignorance of anatomy. They set and support fractures of the extremities, after the fashion of an ordinary farrier; and they are moderately success- ful in the reduction of simple dislocations; but anything requiring knowledge of structure, or the nice application of mechanical power, is beyond their reach.

66

Together with the bone-setting and puncturing noticed above, Chinese operative surgery consists almost entirely in the application of moxas, which, although it was not witnessed by the writer, is said to be practised extensively. Of scientific principles, it is needless to say, that it is destitute."

Dr. THOMSON goes very fully into the arrangements in force at this institution.

The patients who apply for admission are mostly poor people of the artisan class: coolies, etc.. and nearly all have an ingrained dread of the foreigner and his so-called Western methods.

The doctors are not trained at all as we understand training, and are really nothing but quacks ; they do not pretend to have any knowledge of surgical treatment, indeed, there is no such thing in the hospital as a surgical instrument; their panacea for all surgical injuries and diseases being the inevitable pitch-plaister; they never administer chloroform.

380

Once in 1895 when I demonstrated the use of a catheter to them in a patient suffering agonies from distension of the bladder they smiled complacently and seemned highly amused, but it did not seem to occur to them that such a knowledge would be useful. Similarly, they appeared amused at the ease with which a dislocation was reduced under chloroform.

During the year 1895 and 1896 I was assisted by the late Mr. U I Kat and frequently endeavoured to interest them in the different methods of surgical treatment especially enforcing the absolute necessity of cleanliness and of incising abscesses, etc., instead of covering them with pitch- plaister as is their wont, and thus exposing the patients to retention of pus and the dangers of septicaemia.

Seeing how futile my efforts were I reported to the Government every case which, in my opinion, was being mal-treated.

I stated in my evidence before the Commission that from a medical point of view I considered that the hospital should be abolished, and I still think so.

The object and purpose of the institution was the proper treatment of the indigent sick amongst the Chinese population, sec Ordinance No. 3 of 1870, sections 3 and 16.

As an Asylum for Destitutes and a resting place for the dying, I think it does very useful work and would recommend its maintenance and continuance for these purposes; but as a hospital for the treatment of the sick I maintain that it should not be recognised in a British Colony.

It corresponds more to a workhouse at home with the exception that it is not maintained out of the rates.

For the indigent Chinese sick I would suggest the advisability of the Government's establishing A hospital similar to the Tan Tock Seng Hospital at Singapore, which is open to all nationalities but in which the great bulk of the patients treated are Chinese.

The medical staff at this hospital consists of both Europeans and Asiatics. the Asiatics being employed only as dressers, under the direct supervision of the Colonial Surgeon in charge, and of two qualified European or Eurasian apothecaries.

European methods of treatment are insisted on. No opposition is or, as far as is known, has been experienced to European medical treatment. The patients voluntarily present themselves there for treatment as they do at the Government Civil Hospital and the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals in this Colony.

The experience at Singapore is similar to that here, viz., that the number of Chinese who seek admission to the General Hospital, which corresponds to our Government Civil Hospital, where they have to pay, has increased of late years. (See Report of Tung Wah Hospital Commission, page LXVI and LXVII.)

To return to Dr. THOMSON'S report " Each patient is on admission asked by a head coolie whether he prefers Chinese or Western treatment.'

"1

The method of ascertaining the causes of death cannot be considered scientific as Dr. THOMSON says "after cross-examination of the friends and relatives as to the symptoms and duration of the deceased's illness and a consideration of the appearance of the body a fairly accurate idea as to the cause of death for purpose of the Honourable Registrar General's statistics is obtained.”

It would be better in all doubtful cases, where the cause of death is uncertain, and might be due to diseases such as plague or typhoid fever, that the facts of the case be reported to the Police Magis- trate so that an order may be obtained from him for a post-mortem examination.

Now that the bye-laws for the compulsory reporting of infectious, contagious or communicable diseases are in force in this Colony, it is more important than ever, if the public health is to be safeguarded and maintained that notification of all such diseases should be made.

From Dr. THOMSON's report I gather that very few, if any, post-mortem examinations have been held during the year.

Much good has been done and numerous minor improvements have undoubtedly been effected, e g.:--

(1) The abolition of sandal-wood burners in the wards.

2) Backs put in the lockers.

(3) Substitution of tin trays for wicker baskets.

(4) Iron screens to fire-places.

(5) Removal of commodes, as far as possible, from the wards.

If the Tung Wah is to be retained as a hospital I advise from a sanitary point of view :-

(1) The substitution of a water-closets system in place of the present plan of removal of

excreta, etc.

(2) Erection of suitable and roomy wards in place of the Ko Fong wards.

VACCINE INSTITUTE.

This remained open until the 31st May when it was closed for the summer months. In my report for 1896 (Appendix B) is given an account of the working of this Institute. In the winter it was, after repeated experiments, found iinpossible to obtain healthy calves owing to the prevalence of foot-and-mouth disease amongst the cattle in the Colony, accordingly arrangements were made whereby calf lymph was regularly supplied from the Institut de Microbiologie at Saigon.

..

1

2

:

!

:

;

HEALTH OF THE COLONY.

381

Attached are the usual tables showing the number of deaths among the European and Chinese community from diseases which may be attributable to filth.

DEATHS AMONG EUROPEANS (BRITISHI AND FOREIGN).

FEVERS.

VOMITING

YEARS.

Enteric.

Simple Continued.

DIARRHEA. CHOLERA. AND

PURGING.

TOTAL.

Typhus.

1873,

17

25

1874,

17

26

1875,

1

18

24

:

1876,

14

24

1877.

8

10

27

1878,

15

9.

29

1879.

21

14

38

1880,

12

10

24

1881,

2

17

10

29

1882,

10

13

1

13

37

1883.

1

9

9

19

1884,

+

12

23

1885,

11.

9

19

46

1886,

8

5

18

1887,

10

6

25

1888,

4

16

25

50

1889,

3

10

16

1890,

4

12

1891,

1

5

15

1892,

1

7

1893,

1

11

17

1894,

2

3

9

...

1895,

5

19

1896, 1897,

4

1

2*

18

10

19

*

Sporadic.

DEATHS AMONG CHINESE.

FEVERS.

VOMITING

YEARS.

DIARRHEA. CHOLERA.

AND

TOTAL.

PURGING.

Enteric.

Simple Continued.

Typhus.

1873,

12

96

16

1874,

125

46

1875,

31

291

1876,

94

343

1877,

145

370

1878,

89

481

33

1879,

116

733

21

1880,

309

373

1881,

438

168

38

1882,

679

71

1883,

262

571

1884,

132

600

1885,

105

755

1886.

9

772

1887,

9

441

1888,

2

299

1889,

1

363

1890,

1

342

1891,

6

427

INNE to c : NE

195

319

231

402

2

288

612

259

696

8

311

834

ΤΟΙ

1,304

608

1,478

348

1,030

435

1,079

465

...

1,215

660

1,496

301

1,035

561

176

1,601

10

326

19

1,136

25

276

13

764

361

17

236

917

180

777

551

216

1

562

329

9

771

1892,

446

231

677

1893,

448

294

742

1894,

1895,

10

1896,

1897,

2O7H

433

312

1

4

752

199

264

13

487

120

254

19

400

1

69

297

366

382

Plaque made its appearance again towards the end of May, no cases having been reported since the previous November.

Three cases were admitted from Heung Lane between the 21st and 25th May; this is one of the narrow lanes off Queen's Road West. It was here that some of the first cases occurred in 1895; this lane and the houses abutting thereon were declared an infected area on the 20th May and promptly dealt with.

The recrudescence of the disease in lanes such as these, which are hemmed in by the neighbour- ing houses and are practically devoid of light and ventilation, shows the urgent necessity of the Government's resuming such insanitary areas, demolishing the buildings and reconstructing the streets and houses.

Fortunately this disease did not obtain a footing in the Colony this year.

This is important as the disease prevailed in the vicinity of the Colony up to the end of June. Information was obtained of its existence at Tung Kun, up the East River, in an epidemic form towards the end of January.

Its existence was reported at Formosa and in the neighbourhood of Swatow in April, at Macao towards the end of May, and at Amoy in June.

Undoubted cases of the pneumonic variety. I have since heard, occurred in the Tung Kun district during the epidemic in January.

The importation and immigration into this Colony of all Chinese from Swatow and the Island of Formosa was prohibited by Proclamation on the 20th April; this was revoked on the 1st May,

Swatow and the Island of Formosa were proclaimed as infected with Plague on the 1st May. This proclamation was revoked as regards Swatow on the 17th day of July and as regards Formosa on the 20th August.

How far these measures and more especially the bye-laws made under section 13 of Ordinance No. 15 of 1894. may have proved useful in preventing the introduction and in limiting the disease, it is impossible to definitely say, but it is satisfactory to be able to report that there were only 21 cases in all this year. A list of these is given in Appendix A.

1

Small-pez was more than usually prevalent this year; so many cases having occurred on the 26th February a certain part of the Town was declared infected, house to house visitation and the establish- ment of free vaccination stations were instituted.

Information was obtained of the prevalence of this disease in an epidemic form in Japan towards the end of 1896.

With regard to sanitary legislation the most important Acts were :--

(1) The passing of Bye-laws under the Public Health Ordinance for the sanitary maintenance of opium divans and for the prevention of overcrowding therein. These came into force on the 1st June.

(2) Additional Bake-house Bye-laws limiting the number of persons who shall pass the

night in bake-houses and enforcing the concreting of their ground surfaces. (3) Bye-laws made under section 13 of Ordinance 15 of 1894 in regard to the follow-

ing matters :-

(1) For prescribing the material and the nature and thickness thereof to be used for covering over the ground surface of all buildings and of any cook houses, latrines, or open surfaces connected therewith, such as back-yards. court-yards, or other spaces on which slops may be thrown or from which foul waters flow.

(2) For fixing from time to time the number of persons who may occupy a domestic building or any part thereof and for marking on the exterior or interior of such buildings the number of persons permitted to occupy the same or any part thereof.

(3) For prescribing the material to be used for enclosing the space to be left

above any partitions in connection with section 8 of this Ordinance.

(4) For the periodical entry and inspection of all buildings and curtilages.

(a) For the purpose of ascertaining whether the same are in an over-

crowded condition.

(b) For the purpose of ascertaining the sanitary condition, cleanliness and good order thereof or any part thereof and of any mezzanine floors, storeys or cocklofts therein or the condition of any drains therein or in connection therewith.

(3)-(a) For promoting cleanliness and ventilation in domestic buildings.

(b) For the cleansing and removal of refuse and all objectionable matter

at stated times from domestic buildings.

383

(6) For prescribing the conditions under which alone it shall be lawful to live in, occupy or use, or to let or sub-let, or to suffer or permit to be used for habitation or for occupation as a shop, any cellar, vault, under- ground room, basement or room any side of which abuts on or against the earth or soil.

(7)

For the prevention as far as possible or mitigation of any epidemic,

endemic or contagious disease including inter alia provisions—

(a) For the removal of persons suffering from any such disease.

(b) For the speedy and safe disposal of the dead.

(c) For house to house visitation.

(d) For the destruction of infected bedding, clothing or other articles.

(e) For the compulsory vacating of houses.

(f) For such other matters or things as may to the Board appear

advisable for preventing or initigating such disease.

These bye-law's are most important and were drawn up after many meetings of the Board and frequent consultation with the Law Officers of the Crown, they were finally approved by the Legislative Council on the 18th May. In Appendix B I give a copy of these bye-laws.

(4) An Ordinance to enable the Government to provide suitable latrine accommodation for

the Public. (Ordinance No. 8 of 1897.)

(5) An Ordinance to prevent the spread of Infectious Disease arising from the consumption

of contaminated or unwholesome milk. (Ordinance No. 17 of 1897.)

Vital statistics and the general sanitary condition of the Colony are fully dealt with in the Medical Officer of Health's annual report to the Sanitary Board.

:

With the exception of the outbreak of small-pox the statistics, especially of the Police and Government Civil Hospital, show that 1897 was a more healthy year than usual.

The Honourable

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

J. M. ATKINSON, Principal Civil Medical Officer.

384

POLICE.

Table I.-Showing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during each Month of the Year 1897.

EUROPEANS.

INDIANS.

CHINESE.

MONTHS.

TOTAL Admissions.

TOTAL Deaths.

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions.

Deaths. Admissions.

Admissions. Deaths.

Remaining on the 1st Jan..

1897,.....

January,. February, March, April,

8

12

14

4

26

10

3.

18

16.

83

1

22

33

May,

21

34

June,

4

23

14

41

July,

14

39

10

63

August,

10

37

18

60

September,.

39

8

56

October,

40

14.

62

November,

30

16

55

December,

21

3

34

Total,......

99

1

320

1

107

526

2

J. M. ATKINSON,

Principal Civil Medical Officer.

Table II.-Showing the RATE of SICKNESS and MORTALITY in the POLICE FORCE during the Year 1897.

AVERAGE Strength.

TOTAL SICKNESS.

TOTAL DEATHS.

RATE OF SICKNESS.

RATE OF MORTALITY.

European. Indian.

Chinese.

Total. European. Indian. Chinese. European. Indian.

Chinese.

European. Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

105 219 301 625

99 320 107

1

3 94.28 146.11 35.54

.95 1.87

.99

Months.

Remaining

on 1st Jan., 1897,

January,

February,

J. M. ATKINSON, Principal Civil Medical Officer.

Table III.-POLICE RETURN of ADMISSIONS to HOSPITAL from each District during the Year 1897.

GOVERNMENT

CENTRAL

No. 5

HOUSE

No. 1 STONE CUTTERS'

20

$

No. 2

GAP No. 6 MOUNTAIN

WATER POLICE TSAT-TSZ-MCI,

STATIONS SHAUKIWAN,

POKFULAM.

ABERDEEN.

STANLEY,

9

3

31

11

LODGE.

ISLAND.

TSIMSHATSUI.

SHEK-0.

TAITAMTUK.

No. 7.

YAUMATI,

HUNGHOM.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

AGA

March,

9

April,

5 11

May,

3

12

June,

14

6

July,

19

August,

5 19 7

September, 8 21

October,.. 4 24 8

1

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

~

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

:::

:::

: : : :

Indian.

8

4

21163 01 01 00 00 1~00 HHG1

2

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

12

26

18

2

32

a ca

55

2

34

****8**

34

41

63

60

56

62

November,

20 10

December,.. 4 12 7

:

Total,

61 180 48 2 18 6

4

3 9 4

10 3 12 2 6 3

11

3

3 8

2

9 43 25 9 29 4 526

J. M. ATKINSON, Principal Civil Medical Officer.

Table IV.-Shoming the RATE of SICKNESS and MORTALITY of the TROOPS serving in HongKong

during the Year 1897.

AVERAGE STRENGTH.

ADMISSIONS INTO HOSPITAL.

DEATHS.

White. Black. Total. White. Black. Total. White. Black.

1,417 1,228 2,645

2,973 1,482 4,455

10

RATE OF MORTAL-

AVERAGE DAILY RATE OF SICKNESS.

ITY PER 1,000 OF THE STRENGTH.

Total.

White. Black. White. Black.

15

162.07

52.71 7.05 4.07

E. W. EVATT,

Surgeon-Colonel, A.M.S., Principal Medical_Officer, China and Hongkong.

TOTAL.

.

1

385

Table V-Showing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during the Year 1897.

Small Pox

GENERAL DISEASES.

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

TOTAL.

TOTAL.

Euro-

Indians & Asiatics,

Euro-

peans.

Persons.

Coloured (Japanese included).

Indians & Coloured

Asiatics.

peans.

Persons.

2

4

~ X2

12

Chicken Pox

Measles

=

}

Rubella, Synonyms, Rotheln, German Measles, Epidemic Rose

Rash

Plague Influenza

DIPHTHERIA—

Laryngral Diphtheria, Synonym, Membranous Croup. Simple Continued Fever, ynonym, Febricula

Enteric Fever, Synonym, Typhoid Fever........

Dysentery

Beri-beri, Synonym, Kakké..

MALARIAL FEVER-

2. Intermittent, Synonym. Ague

6. Remittent

c. Malarial Cachexia

PHAGEDENA-

Sloughing Phagedoena

ERYSIPELAS—

Phlegmonous

SEPTICEMIA--

22

23

24

Puerperal Fever

Tubercle

LEPROSY, SYNONYM, ELEPHANTIASIS GROCORUM-

Tubercular

SYPHILIS, SYNONYM, POX-

4. Primary, Hard Chancre or infecting Sore b. Secondary or Constitutional

c. Inherited

Gonorrhea, Synonyms, Clap, Blennorrhagia

Diseases dependent on Animal Parasites

Effects of Animal Poisons

on Vegetable

35

of Vegetable

15

of Heat

Starvation

Scurvy,

ය: :

*

2

42

TW:

24

17

34

52

35

~****

JAN

72

103

129

304

46

27

7

18+

55

123

7

18

3

6

ALCOHOLISM-

Delirium Tremens

Rheumatic Fever, Synonym, Acute Rheumatism Rheumatism

Gout

Cyst

New Growth, Non-Malignant

Anemia.

Malignant

HODGKIN'S DISEASE, SYNONYM, ÁNŒMIA—

Lymphatica

Diabetes Mellitus, Synonym, Persistent Glycosuria Congenital Malformations

Debility.

Old-age

LOCAL DISEASES.

Diseases of the-

Nervous System

Eye......

Ear

Nosc

Circulatory System.

Respiratory

Digestive

Lymphatic.... Urinary System Generative System Male Organs.... Female Organs Female Breast Male Breast

Organs of Locomotion Connective Tissue

Skin

Local Injuries

Surgical Operations

Under Observation .

1

:

::

~~

2

52

:མ:

:

::

19

36

39

w: DINGL

900000000

10

37

66

8

38

82

22

67

12

1

1

8

4.4

19

BARIIT's panj

16

214

19

:469

2

13

13

1

13

p lỗ me to p

2:

ant

...

72*

3

: :

6

N

...

5

...

21

63

2226" :--

19

16

22

14

12

3

14

46

79

14

ELEARN No: 55

12

16

3

20

290

1

10

**--28782428- 988**

62

40

159

15

185

16

65

36

3

51

35

1

83

38

40

373

14

:00:4

:00

18

TOTAL..

798

449

1,188

2,435

29

12

78

119

J. M. ATKINSON, Principal Civil Medical Officer.

386

Table Va.-LIST OF OPERATIONS performed during the Year 1897.

SURGICAL OPERATIONS.

Removal of Tumours,-

Buboes Incision,

"7

Scraping,

Sebaceous Cyst, Adenoma,

Strumous glands, Schirrus of Breast, Wounds,--

Of Abdomen,

Of Thigh (Gun-shot), Of Jaw (Gun-shot), Of Hand, (Gun-shot),

Of Arm,

Of Forearm,

Of both feet, (Gun-shot), Operations on the Eye,-

Excision of Eye-ball, Trichiasis,

Pterygium,

Operations on Head and Neck,-

Necrosis of Frontal Bone,

of Lower Jaw.......

""

Abscess of Jaw,

Hare-lip,

Tracheotomy,

Abscess of Neck,

Operations on Organs of Circulation,-

Novus,

Ligature of Ext. Iliac,

......

Operations on Respiratory Organs,-

Paracentesis Thoracis,

Empyæma,

..

Operations on Genito-Urinary Organs,--

Male,--Stricture of Urethra,

Perineal Section,

Hydrocele (Radical Cure),

Circumcision, ......

Lithotomy,

Amputation of Penis,

Perineal Abscess, Urethral Calculus, Phagodena,

Female,-Ruptured Perinæum, Removal of Uterus,

(a) Non-malignant,

(b) Malignant,

Forceps,

Labial Abscess,

****

Operations on Digestive Organs,--

Abscess of Liver,

Hæmorrhoids,

Fistula in ano,

Paracentesis Abdominis,

Splenectomy,

Hernia,

Operations on Organs of Locomotion,

Amputation of Thigh,

.

of Arm,

OGRADI

12

of Leg,

N

>>

of Fingers and Toes,................

Knee Joint (incised),

Wound of Foot,

Bursa Patellæ,

Necrosis of Femur,

of Tibia,

25

>>

of Os Calcis,

Rupture of Tendo Achilles,

Operations on Cellular Tissue,--

Abscess of Axilla,

""

of Arm,

">

of Fingers,

of Palin,

3)

"

of Thigh,

17

of Leg,

of Wrist,

>>

of Buttock,

Ischio-rectal Abscess,

Mammary Abscess, Diffuse Cellulitis,

.....

..

......

......

a

******

*

......

Total,....

..

A.

..

......

......

.....

OPERATION.

DEATHS.

25

1

1

1Q

2

1

...

2

1

1

1

1

1

...

2

I

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

14

...

...

1

3

2

1

1

*

1

1

......

.

...

126

63 to an að

2

1

6

3

...

3

1

1

2

1

1

3

1

12

2

1

1

2

4

1

1

1

2

4

1

2

2

168

J. M. ATKINSON,

9

Principal Civil Medical Officer.

5

10

15

30

35

40.

45

50

Fever Cases

Rainfall.

387

Table Vd.-DIAGRAM showing CASES of MALARIAL FEVER occurring every Month amongst the POLICE FORCE, the MEAN MONTHLY TEMPERATURE and the MONTHLY RAINFALL during the Year 1897.

Number. Inches.

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

25

50°

20

40°

Red Wave,.... Green Wave, Blue Wave,

Black Wave,.

.Intermittent Fever Cases.

.Remittent

""

.Monthly Rainfall in inches.

Mean Monthly Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit.

J. M. ATKINSON, Principal Civil Medical Officer.

10°

20°

30°

60°

November.

70°

December.

Degrees

Fahr.

Mean

Monthly

Temperature.

80°

90°

100°

389

Table Vb.-Showing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during the Year 1897.

GENERAL DISEASES.

Group A.-Sub-Group 1.

1. Small-pox, (transferred to Small-pox Hospital),

2. Cow-pox,

3. Chicken-pox,

4. Measles,

5. Epidemic Rose-rash, (Rotheln),....

6. Scarlet Fever,

7. Dengue,

8. Typhus,

9. Plague.

10. Relapsing Fever,.....

11. Influenza,

12. Whooping Cough,

13. Mumps,

14. Diphtheria,

15. Cerebro-spinal Fever,....

16. Simple Continued Fever,

17. Enteric Fever, Synonyms, Typhoid Fever, (Typho-malarial

Fever),

18. Cholera, Synonyms, Asiatic Cholera, Epidemic Cholera, 19. Sporadic Cholera, Synonyms, Simple Cholera, Cholera

Nostras,

20. Epidemic Diarrhoea,

21. Dysentery,

Total,..

12

**

N

Europeans.

3

8

23

1

10:

:

Indians.

2.

ADMISSIONS.

4

ON

:

24

24

4

8::

52

2

74

34

20 128

7

1

I

9

J. M. ATKINSON, Principal Civil Medical Officer.

Table Vc.--- Showing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during the Year 1897.

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

GENERAL DISEASES.

1. Malarial Fever,-

Group A.-Sub-Group 2.

. Intermittent, Synonyms, Aguo,

b. Remittent,

c. Malarial Cachexia,

2. Beri-Beri,

Monthly Table of Malarial Fever Cases amongst the Police.

INTERMITTENT.

REMITTENT.

MONTH.

January, February,

March,

April,

1

May,

Europeans.

00 00 10 10 OF

Indians.

Asiatics.

Deaths,

Europeans.

Indians.

Asiatics.

1

1

Deaths.

Total Number of

Cases.

Total Number of

Deaths.

June,

July, August, September,

October,

November,

10

3

10

00 - 03 10

10 3

11

3

20

25

33

3

22

December,

:

13

Total,.

13 85 27

5

20

10

160

:

Europeans.

Indians.

Asiatics.

Total.

Europeans.

Indians.

Asiatics.

72 103

16

29:304 128

18

7

34

35

2 3 1

125 135 225485

2 3 5 10

J. M. ATKINSON, Principal Civil Medical Officer.

!

6

Total.

:

DEATHS.

Asiatics.

Total.

390

Table VI.-Showing the RATE of MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during the last 10 Years.

Rate to Total Number of Rate to Number of Europeans Rate to Number of Coloured Rate to Number of Asiatics

Admissions.

Admitted.

Persons Admitted.

Admitted.

1888...

Per cent.

4.51

Per cent.

Per cent.

Per cent.

1888,

3.96

1888,

4.70

1888,

4.98

1889,

4.29

1889,

3.37

1889,

4.13

1889,

5.41

1890,

5.00

1890,

2.38

1890,

5.30

1890,

7.80

1891,

4.49

1891,

3.46

1891,

2.97

1891,

7.33

>

1892,.

3.96

1892,

2.02

1892,

3.28

1892,

5.74

1893,.

3.65

1898.

1.57

1893,

2.28

1893,

7.34

1804,

5.14

1894,

3.71

1894,

3.51

1894.

7.36

1895.

4.99

1895,

2.47 1895,

1.32

1895,

8.35

1896,

5.50

1896.

3.65

1896.

1.84

1896,

8.88

1897,

4.86 1897,

3.63

1897,

2.61

1897,

6.56

J. M ATKINSON,

Principal Civil Medical Officer.

Table VII.-Showing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during each Month of the Year 1897.

EUROPEANS.

COLOURED.

CHINESE.

MONTHS.

Total Admissions.

Total Deaths.

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths. Admissions.

Admissions. Deaths.

Remaining on the 1st

January, 1897,

38

January,

64

February,

62

March, April,. May, June,. July,

66

60

60

61

-02--02:07

10 10 10 CI -HO

10

68

116

25

66

155

11

17

54

133

20

86

178

10

34

63

157

7

27

104

10

191

11

29

115

2

205

10

August,

September,

October,

59

60

84

65

53

103

3

215

8

51

112

223

11

55

107

6

246

9

53

106

224

11

November,

60

46

115

5

221

9

December,.

59

83

89

181

13

Total,

798

29

459

12

1,188

78

2,445

119

·∞∞HONDDONDO

January, February,

March,

April,

May,

June,

July,

August, September, October, November, December,

J. M. ATKINSON, Principal Ciril Medical Officer.

Table VII-MONTHLY AGGREGATE NUMBER of PATIENTS visited in the HosPITAL daily for

1897, 1896, and 1895.

4

Months.

1897.

1896.

1895.

3,501

3,346

3,047

2,819

2,615

2,835

3,270

2,939

3,034

8,212

2,671

2,998

3,295

3,074

2,978

3,146

3,008

3,136

3,384

3,726

2,920

3,442

3.996

3,334

3,453

8,952

8,750

3,391

3,420

3,635

3,220

3,850

3,530

3,131

3,690

3,168

Total,.

39,270

39,787

38,365

J. M. ATKINSON,

Principal Ciril Medical Officer.

Table VII.-Showing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT LUNATIC ASYLUMS during each Month of the Year 1897.

391

MONTHS.

EUROPEANS.

COLOURED.

CHINESE.

Admissions. Deaths Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths.

Dis-

Total Total charged Admissions. Deaths.

to

Canton.

1

5

1

5

12

11

14

10

1

1)

10

13

15

18

6

7

13

17

SNL

7

10

00

136

12

29

Remaining on the 1st

January, 1897,

1

January,

February,

March,.

00 - 00:00 00

April,

May,

June,

July,

B

August,

September,

October,

November,

777

December,

Total,.

22

3

6

1

108

J. M. ATKINSON,

Principal Civil Medical Officer.

Table VII. Showing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL HULK Hygeia during each Month of the Year 1897.

MONTHS.

EUROPEANS.

COLOURED.

CHINESE.

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths. ¡Admissions. Deaths.

Total

Total Admissions. Deaths.

Remaining on the 1st

January, 1897, ..

None.

None.

None.

None.

None.

None.

None.

Noue.

January,

J:

22

>>

"

**

»

February,

多多

"

>>

19

"

"

March,.

**

"1

""

April,

,,

32

22

99

>>

May,

"}

"

June,

>>

July,

25

August,

**

September,

October..

November,

December,

23

27

23

39

2:

"

14

>>

"3

39

*

J7

"

"

11

""

11

32

་་

"

**

#

"

"

"J

"}

*

**

""

Totul..

11

"

A

>>

J. M. ATKINSON,

Principal (ivil Medical Officer.

Table VIId--Showing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT KENNEDY TOWN HOSPITAL during each Month of the Year 1897.

MONTHS.

EUROPEANS.

COLOURED.

CHINESE.

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths. Admissions Deaths.

Remaining on the 1st

January, 1897,

6

1

January,

2

1

February,

18

March,

April,..

1

May,

June,

July,

August,

September,

October,...

November,..

December,..

Total,...

1

1

1

1

39

tamkzargan jam

10

3

1

101

Total

Total Admissions. Deaths.

11

6

11

8

10

45

17

20

11

11

3 10

B

1

نارة

+140

*63

* Of those 11 deaths from Plague. 48 from Small-pox, and 1 from Heat Apoplexy. † Of these 15 cases of Plague, 125 Small-pox, 1 in attendance, and 5 under observation.

J. M. ÅTKINSON,

Principal Civil Medical Officer.

392

:

4

1

4

حكم

4

Debility.

Bright's Disease.

Syphilis.

Ruptured Spleen. Pneumonia.

Meningitis. Scrofula.

Leprosy.

Rickette.

Premature Birth.

Exposure. Hanging.

Pericarditis.

Peritonitis.

Small-pox.

Diarrhoea.

Morbus Cordis.

Asphyxia.

Tubercle.

Convulsion.

Unascertained.

Table VIII-RETURN of DEAD BODIES brought to the MORTUARY, with the cause of death, in 1897.

MONTHS.

EUROPEANS. CHINESE.

January,

Adults.

February,

March,

April,

Children.

:

Adults.

Children.

10

6

:

:

N

Fractured Skull, &c.

Poisoning.

Heart Disease.

Malarial Fever.

Phthisis.

Drowning. Burns.

1-

10

ū

3

ཚུ་ཚ་ ོ་རྒྱ་ྲ

10

18

9

May,

June,..........

July,

August,........

September,

October,

November,

December,..

Total.......

:

:

:

:

ما

N

00

N

18

30

9

17

27 10

6

ip

10

27

3

12

6

28

31

6

15

50

4

Wounds.

R

:

:

03

00

N

11

20

:

:

:.

01

4

12

1

1 4

3

6

6

:

:

:

:

to

:

:

:

:

F

:

:

:

:

:

TOP

:

2 2

17

8

30

:

:

:

:

2

2

2

3

2

6 3 3

2

164 397 48 3 11: 2 21

Government Civil Hospital,

31st January, 1898.

6

:

...

16

67

2 1

1

9

CV

2

12

1 29

2

10

8

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

10

:

Q

:

:

~

T:

2

:

:

...

:

2

I

4

1

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

6

:

:

:

6

13

I

:

2

:

3

11

5 16

:

18

6

15

1

11 8

فیلم

x

6

87

J. BELL,

Medical Officer in charge of Post Mortems.

3

2 1

1 50 17 1

1

4 |129 35

1 28: 2

:

:

:

J.

393

Enclosure 1.

I. THE HOSPITAL BUILDINGS.

The main portion has been maintained in an efficient state without exceptional repairs.

A much needed improvement was effected by the opening of the Maternity Hospital which has been erected on the site of the old temporary small-pox buildings.

This building was handed over to this department on the 21st April and during the rest of the year some twenty confinements occurred then.

The question of Laundry and Wash House accommodation dealt with in C.S.O. No. 1312 of 1895 is still in abeyance. I trust the necessary funds for erecting and fitting up such a building will soon be provided; it is undoubtedly an urgent need.

Lower Hospital.-The ravages of white-ants in this building have necessitated considerable repairs being executed during the

year.

As it appears to be practically impossible to add to the present buildings, the want of accommo- dation and the continued increase of Chinese buildings in the neighbourhood of the hospital with its consequent noises necessitates my again referring to the necessity of reserving a suitable site for a new hospital in the vicinity of the Hospital Staff Quarters.

I have referred to this in my Annual Reports from 1892 onwards and with the probable exten- sion which will shortly occur to the frontiers of this Colony, the construction of a hospital supplying increased accommodation and arranged more in accordance with the best modern practice will be one of the first requirements.

In June a memorial stone for the New Women's and Children's Hospital which is to be built in commemoration of the Jubilee of Her Majesty Queen Victoria was laid by His Excellency Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, G.C.M.G.

The question as to how far it is advisable to build over the present hospital premises has been reconsidered by the Jubilee Committee, and the general opinion appears to be in favour of the erection of such a hospital on the higher levels.

LUNATIC ASYLUMS.

No alteration of any importance has been made to these buildings during the year with the ex- ception that the yard of the European Lunatic Asylum was concreted.

I would again draw attention to the lack of any accommodation for the useful employment of the inmates-a most necessary aid to the satisfactory treatment of such cases.

INFECTIOUS HOSPITAL AND HOSPITAL HULK "HYGEIA."

These have been maintained in a satisfactory state of repair during the year.

During the past year 146 cases have been treated at the Kennedy Town Hospital; of these 15 were suffering from plague and 125 from small-pox, the rest being under observation.

There were 63 deaths, 14 from plague and 48 from small-pox, the remaining one occurred from "heat-stroke."

The nationality of these cases is given in Table VIId.

Of the small-pox cases-

1 arrived from the S.S. Tai Sang,

Agents, Messrs. Jardine, Matheson & Co.

In the month of January:-

1

,,

::

1

}:

S.S. Tsinan, S.S. Idzumi Maru,

>7

11

Butterfield & Swire. Nippon Yusen Kaisha.

In the month of February :-

1 arrived from the S.S. Powan,

S.S. Empress of India,

19

..Agents, H'kong, Canton & Macao Steam-boat Co. Canadian Pacific Railway Co.

י אי

6

""

1

}}

S.S. Strathtay,...

1

>

""

S.S. Phra Chula Chom Klao,

};

7

>>

""

S.S. Hongkong,

.Agent,

Nippon Yusen Kaisha. Messrs. Yuen Fat Hong. Mr. A. R. Marty.

In the month of March:-

2 arrived from the S.S. Hongkong,

.Agent, Mr. A. R. Marty.

MATERNITY HOSPITAL.

As this building now forms an important addition to the hospital accommodation, a short de- scription of it will be of general interest.

This building has been erected on the hospital compound, on the site formerly occupied by the Temporary Small-pox Hospital, and consists of a one-storied building, containing 2 general wards with 4 beds in each, and 2 private wards containing 2 beds each, thus supplying accommodation for 12 lying-in cases. There is also a Nurse's Room, 4 bath-rooms and the necessary out-offices; it is sur- rounded by a verandah 8 feet wide.

394

The servants' quarters, which are situated on a lower terrace adjoining Eastern Street, are con- nected with the main building by a covered way and contains accommodations for 10 attendants, besides kitchens, wash-houses, drying room, ironing room, disinfecting room and store. The whole is enclosed with an iron railing, 6 feet high, with separate gates for access to the hospital and coolie

quarters.

MEDICAL STAFF QUARTERS.

This building has been maintained in a satisfactory state of repair, the only expenditure required having been necessitated by white-ants attacking the wood work.

HOSPITAL PREMISES.

The grounds are in good order, a minor improvement would be to concrete the spare ground to the west of the Women's Hospital.

HOSPITAL AND NURSING STAFF.

Dr. PH. B. C. AYRES, Colonial Surgeon, was granted ten days' sick leave in February (C.S.O. No. 218 of 1897).

Mr. U Í KAI, Apothecary's Assistant, resigned on 1st February and was succeeded by Mr. LEE KING SHUM (C.S.O. No. 57 of 1897).

Mr. MOK LAI I was appointed Student Apothecary on 26th January (C.S.O. No. 2,972 of 1896). Dr. J. C. THOMSON was appointed Assistant Surgeon on 1st January (C.S.L. No. 1,982 of 1896). E. A. S. T. H. GIDLEY was seconded to Medical Department for duty at Kennedy Town Hos- pital as Wardmaster on 1st January from Police Department and returned to Police duties on 14th June (C.S.O. No. 13 of 1897).

Dr. J. BELL, Assistant Surgeon, was laid up with Typhoid Fever, arrangements having been made to secure the services of Dr. H. L. PENNY to assist in the performance of the duties, and when con- valescent was granted two months' sick leave (C.S.O. No. 399 of 1897).

Mr. J. R. CUNNINGHAM, Wardmaster, Kennedy Town Hospital, resigned on 1st March and was succeeded by Mr. FRANK ALLEN (C.S.O. No. 350 of 1897).

Miss E. M. M. DA COSTA was taken on as Probationer on 15th March and resigned on account of ill-health at end of April (C.S.O. No. 554 of 1897).

Dr. H. L. PENNY was recalled to his duty on board H. M. S. Firebrand on 8th April and Dr. J. H. SWAN was appointed to assist temporarily.

Mr. CHAN TSUN UN was appointed another Assistant Clerk on 26th April (C.S.L. No. 623 of 1897).

Miss CAROLINE WALKER resigned on 6th April (C.S.O. No. 2,614 of 1893 and C.S.O. No. 824. of 1897).

Misses F. M. BARR and A. E. Tonn arrived here to join the Nursing Staff on 3rd April in place of Misses MARY E. MEAD and CAROLINE WALKER (C.S.O. No. 746 of 1897).

Miss ANNE PATTESON was granted six weeks' sick leave in May (C.S.O. No. 1,201 of 1897). Dr. PH. B. C. AYRES, Colonial Surgeon, retired on peusion on 23th June and was succeeded by Dr. J. M. ATKINSON with the title of Principal Civil Medical Officer (C.O.D. No. 77 of 1897).

Mr. LEE KING SHUм, Apothecary's Assistant, was dismissed on 21st July and was succeeded by Mr. CHAN KON SHING (C.S.Ó. No. 1,802 of 1897).

Mr. G. MARQUES, Clerk and Interpreter to Medical Officer of Health, resigned on 1st August and was succeeded by Mr. W. E. CHUNYAT (C.S.O. No. 1,606 of 1897).

Mr. MOK LAI SUN, Student Apothecary, was dismissed on 11th August and was succeeded by Mr. CHENG KAM MING (C.S.O. No. 2,054 of 1897).

Mr. MOK LAI I, Student Apothecary, was dismissed on 14th August and was succeeded by Mr. UI CHU (C.S.O. No. 2,055 of 1897).

Mrs. E. MOY HING was taken as Probationer on 25th August and resigned on 25th November (C.S.O. No. 2,037 of 1897).

Mr. JAMES T. COURSE, Wardmaster at Kennedy Town Hospital, arrived here on 12th August in place of Mr. FRANK ALLEN who was appointed Inspector of Nuisances (C.S.O. No. 1,717 of 1897). Dr. J. H. SWAN was transferred to Army Medical Department on 20th September (C.S.O. No. 2,323 of 1897).

Mr. W. E. CHUNYAT, Clerk and Interpreter to Medical Officer of Health, resigned on 1st Nov- ember and was succeeded by Mr. A. A. REMEDIOS (C.S.O. No. 2,435 of 1897).

Miss M. QUINCEY was taken on as Probationer on 1st November and resigned at end of three months (C.S.O. No. 2,487 of 1897).

The following Officers were away on leave:-

Dr. J. A. Lowson from 1st January to 31st December (C.S.O. No. 942 of 1896).

Mr. W. E. CROW from 1st January to 31st December (C.S.O. No. 360 of 1896).

Miss MCINTOSH (Sister CATHERINE) from 1st January to 31st August (C.S.O. No. 1,837 of 1896).

¿

i

J

395

Dr. PH. B. C. AYRES from 1st February to 7th February (C.S.O. No. 218 of 1897) and from 29th April to 28th June (C.O.D. No. 77 of 1897).

Dr. J. BELL from 16th March to 10th May (C.S O. No. 399 of 1897).

Miss EASTMOND. Matron, from 1st April to 31st December (C S.9. No. 652 of 1397).

Miss PATTESON (Sister GRACE) from 19th May to 28th June (CSO). No. 1,201 of 1837).

Mr. G. MARQUES from 1st July to 31st July (C.S.O. No. 1,606 of 1897).

Mr. WONG HING from 26th August to 15th September (C.S.O. No. 2,059 of 1897).

Miss PENRUDDOCKE (Sister MARGARET) from 10th September to 15th October (C.S.O. No. 2,043 of 1897).

Attached to this report are the following tables :—

WORK DONE DURING THE YEAR.

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPItal.

I. Showing the admissions into and deaths in the Government Civil Hospital, during each month of the year, of the Police.

II. Showing the rate of sickness and mortality in the Police Force during the year. III. Police Return of admissions to Hospital from each district during the year.

V. General Return of the sick treated in the Hospital.

Va. Surgical operations performed during the year.

Vb. Zymotic Diseases, sub-group 1.

Vc.

55

""

"3

2.

Vd. Diagram showing number of cases of Malarial Fever occurring amongst the members of the Police Force admitted in each month of the year.

VI. Showing the rate of mortality in the Government Civil Hospital during the last 10 years. VII Showing the admissions into and deaths in the Government Civil Hospital during each month of last year.

years.

VIIa. The aggregate monthly number of patients visited in the Hospital daily for the last three

VIIb. Table of admissions into and deaths in the Lunatic Asylums during the year. VIIc. Table of admissions into and deaths in the Epidemic Hulk Hygein during the year. VIId. Table of admissions into and deaths in the Infectious Hospital, Kennedy Town.

Table V. has been altered in accordance, with the Memorandum of the Sub-Committee on Classifi- cation in the last edition of The Nomenclature of Diseases (Royal College of Physicians, London), the separate diseases being given under the heading "General Diseases," the division into groups being

omitted.

I have retained the Zymotic diseases in Tables Vb. Vc. and Vd. for purposes of reference. The total number of cases treated during the year was as follows:-

In-patients,..... Out-patients,

.2,445

..9,990

12,435

This gives an increase of 325 as compared with the year 1896. This is exclusive of minor surgical cases, such as scalp wounds, dog bites, teeth extraction, &c. which were treated in the receiv- ing ward.

Sa p

In-patients. The total number of in-patients shows a decrease of 153 as compared with 1896, but an increase of 162 as compared with 1895, the following figures giving the numbers treated during last four years:-

Year.

1894.

1895,

1896, 1897,

In-patients.

.1.963

.2,283

.2,598

2,445

The total number of deaths was 119, a percentage of 4.86, the lowest for the last four

Year. 1894,...

1895, 1896.

>

1897

....

Percentage of Deaths.

.5.14 .....4.99

.5.50

...4.86

years:-

The average daily number of sick was 100.09 as against 102.56 in 1896. Of the total number of in-patients 384 were females. Further accommodation for European Women and Children and for Native Women of every nationality will shortly be provided by the erection of the Women's Jubilee Hospital.

Private Paying Patients.-The number of First and Second Class patients for the past three years has been as follows:-

First Class,..

Second Class,

1895.

1896.

1897.

20

65

101

146

53 153

396

Nationality.-Europeans and Indians show decrease of 79 and 136 respectively as compared with the previous year, whereas amongst the Asiatics there is an increase of 62.

The numbers of Asiatics admitted during past 4 years are as follows:-

1894, 1895,

1896, 1897..

The following diseases caused the greatest number of admissions :-

Fevers:-

Simple continued (Febricula),

Enteric,

Intermittent,

Remittent,

Venereal Diseases,.

Disease of Digestive System,

Respiratory System,.

Alcoholism,

Dysentery,....

Beri-beri,

Injuries of various kinds,

Deaths. Of the total number of deaths there were from:-

Lung Disease,

Heart Disease,

Injuries,

783

1.054

*

.1,126

.1,188

8

34

..304

.128

474

178

185

....159

54

52

34

...373

15

13

18

16

7

6

4

Disease of Digestive System,

Enteric fever,

Remittent fever, Beri-beri,.

Police. The total number under treatment was 62 less than in the previous year. There was an increase of 5 in the European section of the Force, and decreases of 50 and 17 amongst the Indians and Chinese,

GAOL OFFICERS.

The following were admitted during the year :-

Principal Warders,

Warders,

Assistant Warders, Gaol Guards,

2

26

11

15

Malarial diseases and those due to venereal complaints gave the greatest number of admissions, there was no fatal case.

Influenza.-There were 17 cases under treatment with no deaths.

Typhoid.-There were 34 cases of Enteric fever admitted during the year exactly double the number occurring in 1896; of these 24 were Europeans, there was 1 Indian and 5 Chinese.

Seventeen originated locally, three were members of the Police Force and came, one from Yaumati, one from No. 7 and one from No. 5 Police Stations, the latter died. One was from Canton and the remaining sixteen were admitted direct from ships. The notes of some of the cases are given in the Appendix C. The total number of deaths was 7.

Diphtheria-There were only two admissions from this disease; both patients recovered.

Cholera and Choleraic Diarrhoea.-There was an entire freedom from this class of disease, not a single case being admitted during the year.

Dysentery.There were 52 cases with but 2 deaths, this disease being much less fatal than usual. Malarial fever.-There were 55 less admissions than in the previous year, but the disease was more fatal, there being 6 deaths, all from the Remittent type.

Beri-beri.-There were fewer cases of these suffering from the disease, the number being 35 with 4 deaths as against 54 with 6 deaths in 1896.

Venereal Disease.-The number of cases suffering from constitutional syphilis again shows an increase, the number being-

1895.

1896.

1897.

Primary Syphilis, Secondary Syphilis,

38

74

66

31

46

82

69

120

148

An increase on the previous year of 25 per cent.

397

=

י

Injuries.—There is a slight diminution to record in this class of cases, the number being 373 with 18 deaths as against 377 with 21 deaths in the previous year.

Surgical Operations.-There were 168 operations during the year with 9 deaths, as against 146 with 3 deaths in 1896.

Amongst the most important operations were :-

Two abdominal hysterectomies.-One recovered, the notes of the case being published in The Lancet, and the other died from shock,

Femoral Aneurism.--In the case of an American cured by ligature of the external Iliac Artery. A case of Splenectomy.-A Chinaman was admitted in a state of collapse said to have been injured by a blow to the abdomen. As there were all the evidences of rupture of the spleen, laparotomy was performed, and on opening the abdomen it was found to be full of blood, there being a tear 4 inches long through the capsule into the substance of the spleen. The spleen was removed after ligaturing the splenic vessels and the abdomen emptied of blood.

The man never rallied, although transfusion was performed, but died 15 minutes after the operation was completed.

Hepatic abscess.-This was the case of an European Policeman following Dysentery, although one abscess was opened and drained there was another larger one in the dome of the right lobe, the apex of which had just been reached but not sufficiently to drain it; this had burst into the pleura.

1898.

The operation was performed on the 12th December, 1897, and the patient died on 6th January,

Gun-shot wounds of both feet.This was an accidental injury occurring on board a Chinese Revenue Cruiser, a Chinese boy being shot through both feet with a charge of duck shot.

It happened at 4 p.m. on the afternoon of 14th January and the man did not reach the hospital until 1.45 a.m. the following morning as the accident had taken place some hours' distance from Hongkong.

In the left foot the metatarsus was smashed by a wound passing right through the foot from the dorsum to the sole.

In the right foot there was a huge gash, the charge passing across the sole of the foot from the outside to the inside tearing up the muscles and tendons but not injuring the bones.

Fortunately, efficient first aid had been rendered by the application of tourniquets, etc.

The case was a tedious one, but the man ultimately recovered with very good use of his feet considering the extent of the injuries.

Gun-shot wound of the thigh.-This patient was sent down from Fatshan by Dr. McDONALD; the Lullet, which had been in his thigh for over 2 years, was located by means of the Röntgen Rays and extracted.

Non-malignant tumour of face.-An enormous tumour occupying the left side of the neck of a Chinese woman which had been growing for 18 years was removed on the 12th June, and the patient was discharged cured on the 9th July very much improved in appearance.

Suppuration synovitis of the knee joint with septicemia. Amputation of thigh.-This man was sent in from the Tung Wah on the 21st June and as the only chance to save the man's life was amputation, the patient having consented to the operation, the limb was removed in the upper third of the thigh on the 29th June; after a rare struggle he ultimately recovered and was discharged on the 20th September; during the last 5 weeks in hospital he put on 22 tbs.in weight.

Lithotomy. This was a Chinaman who came down from the country to be operated on. The calculus was a somewhat large one and weighed 445 grains.

FRACTURES AND DISLOCATIONS.

The following fractures and dislocations were treated during the year :-

Skull. Skull (base), Femur, Tibia, Humerus, Ulna, Patella,.

+

Lower Jaw,

Clavicle,

Ribs..

Foot,....

Dislocation of Humerus,

Femur,

"}

Thumb,

5

3

7

8

3

2

1

3

2

1

2

1

1

1

398

Alcoholism.-There were 54 cases as against 51 in 1896; none proved fatal.

Poisoning.-There were 8 cases of poisoning during the year, the poisonous agent being Opiun, Datura and Arsenic.

In the Appendix C are given the notes of some cases of interest occurring in the hospital during

the year.

Vaccination. Four hundred and eighty free vaccinations were performed during the year with the following results :-

Primary cases,. Re-vaccinations,

Successful.

71

.......

312

Unsuccessful.

20

Total.

91

82

394

485

Lunatic Asylums.-See report by Dr. BELL in Enclosure II. Fers.--The fees received during the year were as follows :--

Government Civil Hospital,.

Lunatic Asylums,....

Infectious Hospitals,

as against $20,019.45 in 1896.

....

$15,808.05 1.564.50

1,031.08

$18,103.63

Staff.--The frequent change of the personnel amongst the subordinate Chinese staff is one of our great difficulties, during the year no less than 51 changes have occurred.

I take this opportunity of thanking the several members of the staff for the assistance rendered during the past year.

Gifts of Flowers, newspapers, &c.--The patients have been much indebted to several of the residents of the Colony for frequent gifts of flowers, newspapers, books, &c.

The Honourable

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

J. M. ATKINSON, Principal Civil Medical Officer.

Appendix A.

CASES OF BUBONIC PLAGUE REPORTED DURING 1897.

No. of

Date of

Cases. Occur: cuce.

Residence of Patient

previous to discovery. Treatment or Segrogation.

Luk Yee,

Name.

Sex. Age.

Date of Admission

into Kennedy Town Hospital.

Date of Death.

A.

Male,

37 years. 21st May,

Lum Kwai,

30

Lui Kit,

24

23rd 25th

་་

21st May. 24th 26th

"T

་་

Ming Hang,

Au Yiu Chau,

Female,

Ip Cheung,

12th

Loung Wing,

Male,

13th

Tang Fai,

11

14th

Wong Shek Cheong,...

14

14th

39

Wong Lim,

24

16th

32

21st

36

23rd

Female, 19

26th

Male, 30

26th

*

Leong Ping,

16

31st

Ip Hau,

Female, 72

5th June. 12th July,

3rd Aug.,

7th June. 12th July. 12th

14th July. 14tb

99

16th 33 21st " 23rd 26th " 26th

""

Male, 20

26th Sept.,

27th Sept.

Lam Hau,

11

13th Nov..

13th Nov.

POTAC

"

Lam Chung,

14

13th Nov.,

13th Nov.

29

Shum Heng Fa, Kwok Fai,

17

18th Dec.,

18th Dec.

"J

23

"

19th Dec.,

21st

"

1

21st May, 11, Heung Lane,

2

23rd

14, Heung Lane,

25th

12, Heung Lane,

5th June, 7, Kau U Fong,

12th July, į 22, Wing On Street,

12th

13th

"

14th

19

9

14th

10

14th

11 21st

SS, Third Street,

9. Sing Hing Alley,

21, Gough Street,.

10, Hillier Street,

3, Ng Kwai Fong,

Found at Canton Str. Wharf,

Found at Wing Kut Street,..

From Kowloon City, Praya East,

3rd Aug., 4, U Lok Lane,..........

12

23rd

B 26th

14 26th

:

15

31st

144, Boubam Strand,

16

17

18

19

13th

20

21

19th

">

9, Graham Street,..

26th Sept., 26, Second Street,, 13th Nov., 8, Po Yan Street,

8, Po Yan Street,

18th Dec., 13, Queen's Road East,

Un Tin,

Mak In.

Chu Yau,

Ho Tak,

·

399

:

:

:

?

!

Appendix B.

BYE-LAWS

Made under section 13 of Ordinance 15 of 1894.

1. The expressions "building," "domestic building" and "street" as used in these bye-laws, or in any bye-law amending, or substituted for, or added to the same, shall, unless inconsistent with the context, have and include the meanings respectively set against them in section 2 of Ordinance 15 of

1894.

The expressions "householder," "occupier," "owner" and "vessel," as used in these bye-laws, or in any bye-law amending, or substituted for, or added to the same, shall, unless inconsistent with the context, have and include the meanings respectively set against them in section 3 of Ordinance 24 of 1887.

2. The material to be used for covering the ground surface of all domestic buildings shall be good lime or cement concrete at least 6 inches thick. finished off smooth to the satisfaction of the Sanitary Board. Provided always that the said Board may in its discretion exempt the owners of existing domestic buildings, the floors of which have a space between the ground floor and the ground surface, from carrying out the requirements of this bye-law.

3. The material to be used for covering the ground surface of every cook-house, latrine, back- yard, court-yard or other space on which slops may be thrown, shall be good lime or cement concrete or other impervious material to the satisfaction of the Sanitary Board at least 6 inches thick and in addition such material shall be finished off smooth with not less than 2 inches of cement concrete of the proportion of one part of cement to four parts of fine broken stone, or with granite slabs bedded and jointed in cement mortar or with hard burnt bricks or tiles bedded and jointed in cement mortar, or with such other material as shall be approved of by the said Board.

4. The ground surface of every cook-house, latrine, back-yard, court-yard, or other space on which slops may be thrown shall have a fall of not less than inch to 1 foot from the walls of the building towards the surface channel or other outlet for the drainage of such surface.

5. No court-yard or back-yard, which appertains to, or is used in connection with any domestic building, and which is at the time of the approval of these bye-laws by the Legislative Council, either wholly or partially open to the sky, shall be obstructed, in a vertical direction, either wholly or par- tially, or, if already partially so obstructed, be further so obstructed to any extent whatsoever, by the erection or fixture of any structure or object of any kind whatsoever, whether temporary or permanent, without the permission in writing of the Sanitary Board. Provided, nevertheless, that in cases where such back-yards exceed an area of 100 square feet in the case of buildings of two stories in height, and 150 square feet in the case of buildings of three or more stories in height, such back-yards need only be kept clear of obstructions (including bridges and covered ways) and fixtures, and open ver- tically to the sky throughout, to the extent of 100 and 150 square feet respectively.

One bridge or coverd way may, however, when such is necessary for giving access to buildings, be erected on each story, but such bridges or covered ways must be erected one over the other, and any such bridge or covered way shall not exceed 3 feet 6 inches in width unless the Sanitary Board gives permission in writing in any particular case for the erection of bridges or covered ways of greater width.

This bye-law shall apply to all cases in which it is proposed to substitute another court-yard or back-yard for any existing one.

6. The Medical Officer of Health, or such other officer as the Sanitary Board may appoint for this purpose, shall, within such limits as the said Board may from time to time define, cause to be measured the floor area and cubic capacity of all domestic buildings or parts thereof, and shall cause to be calculated the number of occupants that may lawfully pass the night in such buildings or any parts thereof in accordance with the provisions of section 9 of Ordinance 15 of 1894, and shall cause such number in English and Chinese to be fixed to such buildings or parts thereof in such manner as the said Board may from time to time direct.

7. The space required by section 8, sub-section (6), of Ordinance 15 of 1894, to be left above partitions shall not be enclosed except with wire netting, iron bars, lattice work or carved wood work, arranged in such a way as to leave at least two-thirds of such space open and as far as practicable evenly distributed.

8. The Secretary to the Sanitary Board shall, upon the requisition of the Medical Officer of Health, or by direction of the President of the said Board, authorise in writing, in English and Chinese, one or more of the Board's officers to enter any domestic building at any hour between 6 P.M. and midnight, for the purpose of ascertaining whether such building or any part thereof is in an over-

crowded condition.

400

9. No officer of the said Board shall, between the hours of midnight and 8 o'clock the following morning, enter any domestic building for the purpose of ascertaining whether such building or any part thereof is in an overcrowded condition, without the written permission, in English and Chinese, of the Secretary countersigned by the President of the said Board.

10. The Secretary to the Sanitary Board shall furnish the Inspectors of Nuisances with general authority in writing, in English and Chinese, to enter, between the hours of 8 A.M. and 6 P.M., and inspect, upon reasonable notice to the occupiers or owners, any building and curtilage in their re- spective districts for the purpose of ascertaining the sanitary condition, cleanliness and good order thereof or of any part thereof, and of any partitions, mezzanine floors, stories and cocklofts therein, or of the condition of any drains therein or in connection therewith. If it shall be requisite, for the purpose of ascertaining the sanitary condition of any demestic building or curtilage, to open the ground surface of any part thereof any Inspector of Nuisances in possession of authority in writing signed by the Secretary to the said Board or by the Medical Officer of Health, after giving not less than forty-eight hours' notice in writing signed by either of the aforesaid officers to the occupier or owner of such domestic building or curtilage of his intention to enter the same for the purpose of opening up the ground surface thereof, may so enter, with such assistants as may be necessary, and open the ground surface of any such premises in any place or places he may deem fit, doing as little damage as may be. Should the material which has been used for covering such ground surface and the nature and thickness thereof, be found satisfactory and in accordance with law, such ground sur- face shall be reinstated and made good by the said Board at the public expense.

11. The cccupier of any domestic building shall at all times cause such building to be kept in a cleanly and wholesome condition and see that the drains, traps, gratings, fall-pipes and other sanitary fittings and appliances are kept free from obstruction and in an efficient state of repair: and he shall keep the windows and ventilating openings at all times free from obstruction unless prevented by inclement weather or by the illness of any person occupying such building.

12. Every occupier or householder of a domestic building shall cause all excremental matter to be removed daily from such building, to one of the public conservancy boats, by a duly registered night-soil carrier.

13. Every occupier or householder of a domestic building shall cause all domestic waste, refuse or other objectionable matter other than excremental matter to be removed daily from such building and taken to a public dust-cart or dust-bin.

14. The conditions under which alone it shall be lawful to live in, occupy, or use, or to let or sublet, or to suffer or permit to be used for Labitation any cellar, vault, under-ground room, basement or room, any side of which abuts on or against the earth or soil, shall be that (1) such cellar, vault, underground room, basement or room fronts on a street which is of a clear width of not less than 8 feet free from any vertical obstruction whatever, and (2) that such cellar, vault, underground room, basement or room is provided with one window at least opening into the external air and that the total area of such window or windows clear of window frames shall be at least one tenth of the floor area of such cellar, vault, underground room, basement or room, and (3) that no side of such cellar, vault, underground room, basement or room abuts against the earth or soil to an average height excceding four feet above the floor level, and (4) that throughout the remainder of the height of such cellar, vault, underground room, basement or room the ground outside is at least 4 feet distant hori- zontally from the external wall of such cellar, vault, underground room, basement or room, and (5) that the area formed between such ground outside and such external wall is not obstructed or covered over either wholly or partially by the erection of structures, coverings or fixtures of any kind what- scever. Provided always that the Sanitary Board may, if it thinks fit, grant permission in writing to obstruct or cover such area in any manner which may be previously approved by the Board.

15. The conditions under which alone it shall be lawful to occupy or use, or to let or sublet, or to suffer or permit to be used for occupation as a shop any cellar, vault, underground room, basement or room any side of which abuts on or against the earth or soil shall be that such cellar, vault, under- ground room, basement or room complies with the provisions of the preceding bye-law, or that such cellar, vault, underground room, basement or room fronts on a street of a clear width of not less than eight feet free from any vertical obstruction whatever, and that such cellar, vault, underground rooni, basement or room does not exceed thirty feet in length, as measured from the front wall to the back

wall.

Such shop may not be used for habitation except by such a person or by such number of persons as the Sanitary Board may authorize in writing, and in every case in which the Sanitary Board authorizes any person or persons to use for habitation any such shop, sleeping accommodation shall be provided by the erection of a cockloft or bunks, which shall have a clear space of at least four feet between it or them and such side or sides of the cellar, vault, underground room, basement or room as abuts or abut against the earth or soil.

16. The Sanitary Board shall, if satisfied that any domestic building in the Colony is in a dirty condition, give notice to the householder to have such building, in respect of which the notice is given, thoroughly cleansed and limewashed within a period of one week from the date of receipt of such notice, and such householder shall cleanse and lime-wash such premises in accordance with such notice.

+

}

1

;

401

}

In any case where no householder exists or can be found, the owner of such building shall be served with a notice to the above effect, and upon such service being duly effected, such owner shall cleanse and lime-wash such premises in accordance with such notice.

17. All persons knowing or having reason to believe that any person has been attacked by, or is suffering from, bubonic plague, cholera, small-pox or from such other epidemic, endemic or contagious disease as may be from time to time duly notified in the Government Gazette, shall notify the same without delay to any officer on duty at the nearest Police Station, or to some officer of the Sanitary Board, and any such officer receiving any such notification whether verbal or written or discovering any such case, shall notify the same with the least possible delay to the Medical Officer of Health or to the Secretary of the Sanitary Board, and may detain such person or remove him to a public hospital until he can be examined by the Medical Officer of Health or by some legally qualified and registered medical practitioner.

18. The Sanitary Board by its officers may provide for the removal of, and may remove to the Hygeia or other appointed place any person suffering from any such disease, and no removal shall take place except under the orders of the said Board or of one of its officers or of a legally qualified and registered medical practitioner, and then only in such manner and with such precautions as the said Board shall from time to time direct. No such removal, however, shall take place if the Medical Officer of Health or any legally qualified and registered medical practitioner certifies that such person is being lodged and cared for without danger to the public health.

19. The Sanitary Board may remove or cause to be removed for burial or cremation all bodies found in the Colony of persons who have died from any of such diseases and may bury or cremate or cause the same to be buried or cremated in accordance with the custom of the race to which the de- ceased belonged in such place and in such manner and with such precautions as the said Board may from time to time direct, and no persons, unless acting under the written sanction or direction of the Secretary of the said Board or of the Medical Officer of Health to bury or cremate, shall remove or bury or cremate any such bodies.

20. If any article of clothing or bedding or any other article which has been in contact with any person or any dead body in any way affected by any such disease can, in the opinion of the Medical Officer of Health or of an Inspector of Nuisances, be preserved without danger to the public health and can be effectively disinfected, then any such article shall be removed from any premises in which it shall be found by coolies hired by any person acting under the instructions of the Sanitary Board, or of one of its duly authorized officers, with such precautions and in such manner as the said Board shall from time to time direct, and shall be effectively disinfected and then returned to the owner or owners thereof. No person, save as aforesaid, shall handle any such article until it has been

disinfected.

21. If, however, in the opinion, duly certified in writing, of an Inspector of Nuisances or of any other duly authorized officer of the Board, or of a legally qualified and registered medical practitioner, any bedding, clothing, or other article which has been in contact with any person or any dead body in any way affected by any such disease, or which shall have been found upon any premises recently occupied by such person or body cannot be effectively disinfected or ought, in the interests of the public health, to be destroyed then it shall, if the Medical Officer of Health or other officer of the Sanitary Board duly authorized to act on his behalf, concurs, be destroyed in such manner and in such place and with such precautions as the said Board may from time to time direct.

22. Any building or part of a building in which any person attacked by any such disease or in which the body of any person who has died of any such disease shall have been, or shall be found, shall forthwith, after the removal therefrom of the diseased person or of the dead body, be thoroughly cleansed and disinfected, to the satisfaction of the Medical Officer of Health; and-if in the opinion of the Medical Officer of Health or of any legally qualified and registered medical practitioner it is ne- cessary in the interests of the public health-the persons residing in such building or part of a building shall be detained therein or shall be removed to such buildings or vessels as the Board may direct and there isolated and kept under observation until such time as they may, in the opinion of the said Medical Officer of Health or other Medical Officer in charge of such buildings or vessels, be safely released: and it shall not be lawful for any person to re-occupy any such building or part of a building until it has been thoroughly cleansed and disinfected as aforesaid.

BYE-LAWS

To be enforced only during the prevalence of an epidemic, endemic or contagious disease in the Colony or in any district thereof.

23. During the prevalence in the Colony, or in any district thereof, of bubonic plague, cholera, small-pox or such other epidemic, endemic or contagious disease as may be from time to time notified in the Government Gazette, all receptacles, whether public or private, for excremental matter shall be kept thoroughly disinfected by the owner thereof to the satisfaction of the Medical Officer of Health or other

402

duly authorized officer of the Sanitary Board, by causing to be thrown into every such receptacle after use a sufficient quantity of any such disinfectant as may be approved by the said Board. All floors and channels as well as all partitions, seats and other fittings of every latrine shall be frequently washed and cleansed with water to which some such disinfectant has been added.

24. During the prevalence in the Colony, or in any district thereof, of any of the aforesaid diseases any building or part of any building certified in writing by the Medical Officer of Health or by any legally qualified and registered medical practitioner, to be unfit for human habitation, even although the same may have been cleansed and disinfected, as provided in Bye-law 23, may be closed by order of the Sanitary Board during the prevalence of any of such diseases or for such less period as the Medical Officer of Health or such legally qualified and registered medical practitioner may certify to be necessary, and the occupants of the same may be removed, after 24 hours' notice has been given to the householder or occupier to vacate the premises, by the service of a notice, duly signed by the Secretary of the Sanitary Board, or by the posting of such notice upon any portion of the premises.

In no case shall such premises be re-occupied except under a certificate of the Sanitary Board signed by the Secretary that such premises are fit for human habitation.

The said Board may, when necessary, erect matsheds, or hire buildings or charter vessels and use them for the accommodation of the persons so removed.

25. Any officer of the Sanitary Board may, during the prevalence in the Colony or in any dis- trict thereof of any of the aforesaid diseases, and within such limits as may from time to time be de- fined by the said Board, make a house to house visitation for the purpose of inspecting the sanitary condition of any premises so visited and of all and every part thereof, and of ascertaining whether there is any person in or upon the said premises attacked or affected by any of the said disease or the body of any person who has died therefrom. If the premises so visited or any part thereof shall be found in a dirty or insanitary condition in the opinion of any such officer he shall report the same to the Medical Officer of Health or to any such other officer as may be appointed for that purpose by the Sanitary Board, with the approval of the Governor, who shall inspect such premises and if he considers them or any part thereof to be in a dirty or insanitary condition he may forthwith take steps to have all furniture and goods removed therefrom and to have the sail premises thoroughly cleansel and dis- infected by persons acting under his instructions; and whenever, in his opinion, it is necessary for the thorough cleansing and disinfection of such premises to do any or all of the following acts, namely, to take down, remove from the premises or destroy any mezzanine floor, cockloft, partition, screen or other similar structure or fitting, or any portion thereof, or when in his opinion any mezzanine floor, cockloft, partition, screen, or other similar structure or fitting prevents the free access of light and air to the said premises, he shall forthwith have the same taken down, and if he considers the removal from the premises or the destruction thereof, or both, necessary in the interests of the public health, he shall forthwith cause the same to be removed from the premises or destroyed or both. Such des- truction shall be carried out with such precautions and in such manner and in such place as the said Board may from time to time direct.

Penalties.

26. Any person who shall commit any breach of any of the above Bye-laws shall on conviction thereof be liable to a penalty not exceeding $25 in every case.

Made by the Sanitary Board this 13th day of May, 1897.

Approved by the Legislative Council this 17th day of May, 1897.

HUGH MCCALLUM, Secretary.

J. G. T. BUCKLE, Clerk of Councils.

4

C

¿

Appendix C.

1. RHEUMATIC FEVER, "HYPERPYREXIA.

A. P., Female. Aged 27.

RECOVERY.

Admitted on the 17th April with symptoms of acute rheumatism :-pain, swelling and tenderness in the joints of the lower extremities followed in a few days by affection of the wrists and elbows, accompanied by fever.

The treatment consisted of Salicin internally and lead and opium fomentations to the affected joints. The patient progressed favourably until the 24th instant when the temperature in the morning was 102° F, this rose to 104° F by mid-day when eight grains of phenacetin were given, at 4 p.m. it had risen to 105.4°, and as at 6 p.m. it was 106.8° and the patient was becoming delirious, sheets dipped in iced water were applied to the body and changed every few minutes, an ice bag was placed on the head and ice was gently rubbed over the skin of the body; by 8 p.m. the temperature had fallen to 103° F, and the patient was conscious; at 9.30 p.m. it was 100° F.

:

:

403

From this date improvement was marked; only twice, viz., on the 28th and 29th, did the tempera- ture rise above 101° F, the pains in the joints gradually subsided and the patient was convalescent by the 4th May.

Remarks.-I report this to show the efficacy of the wet pack even in the hyperpyrexia occurring in the course of rheumatic fever.

2. ENTERIC FEVER.

PROFUSE HEMORRHAGE.

HIGH TEMPERATURE.

L. S., Male. Aged 32.

RECOVERY.

Admitted on 28th December, 1896, from the U. S. S. “Machias," complaining of general malaise for two weeks before admission with fever for the last 4 or 5 days.

His temperature on admission was 105° F and remained between 103° F and 105° F for the next five days, on the 2nd January a crop of roseola developed on the skin of the abdomen.

On the evening of the 5th January at 7.30 p.m. there was a profuse attack of hemorrhage from the bowel, quite three pints of blood coming away. grain of morphia and grain Citrate of Ergo-

Too tine were at once given hyperdermically; his temperature, which had been 101° in the morning, was now 99° F.

As at 12.20 p.m. that night there was a return of the haemorrhage the morphia and ergotine were repeated.

On the morning of the 6th another profuse attack occurred and was again checked with morphia and ergotine, the patient being kept perfectly still and taking nothing but ice and iced water.

On the 7th instant there was slight hematemesis.

The fever was of a continued type up to the 22nd instant when marked morning remissions oc- curred, that morning it was down to 101° F, the following morning it was 100.2°, and on the 24th it was 99 F; a rigor occurred this day at 12.30 p.m. and the temperature rapidly rose to 105; ten grains of phenacetin were given when it fell to 103°; as it had risen to 106° F by 6.25 p.m. the wet sheet was applied and by midnight the temperature had fallen to 989. From this date he began to improve, the temperature only once reaching 102°.

The convalescence was somewhat delayed, but he was eventually discharged cured on the 20th March.

3. Gangrenous, DysenterY.

RECOVERY.

A. D., Male. Aged 30.

Admitted to hospital on the 12th February with a history of fever for three days accompanied by diarrhoea with dysenteric stools.

On admission his temperature was 101° F, that day the bowels were open twelve times, the stools containing blood and mucus; in the evening the temperature was 102.4° F.

He was placed on a strict milk diet and half drachm doses of Ipecacuanha powder were given twice daily.

At first this appeared to check the disease as on the 14th the bowels were moved but six times; four doses of the Ipecacuanha powder had by this time been given.

Salol and quinine were now substituted, and by the 17th instant the blood and mucus had all disappeared, but as there was still some tenesmus and the temperature remained up on the 18th, ipecacuanha was again administered, this time the powder sine emetin being given in doses of ten grains thrice daily as the ordinary powder had produced considerable nausea.

This was not so efficacious, accordingly on the 19th the pulv ipecac. ver. was given again, this being repeated in the evening and again the following morning; on this day a note was made "no blood, less tenesmus.'

"

As on the 22nd the bowels had been open five times another powder was given.

On the 23rd instant a large slough of the mucus inembrane of the bowel quite 3 inches long by inch wide was passed; a boracic acid enema was at once given followed by an enema containing Pulv Ipecac. Ver. 3ii, Mucilag Acacia 3ss Aqua ad iii; the following day at 8 a.in. two more larger sloughs of the bowel were passed, an enema similar to the above being given and repeated in the evening.

On the 25th as the stools were very offensive two more enemata were given.

There was a small slough passed in the morning of the 27th; after this an enema of pulv ipecac. ver. 5ii was given.

From this date convalescence commenced and as the stools became more formed ipecacuanha was discontinued and pernitrate of iron given instead.

During the time the sloughs were coming away the patient was very low and his strength was maintained by champagne, small doses of brandy in his milk and Brand's Essence.

He recovered completely and up to the present has had no ill after-effects such as contraction of the bowel.

This case seems worthy of record as it is seldom that a case of gangrenous colitis like this

recovers.

404

a

Enclosure II.

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 24th May, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to submit a short réport of the Lunatic Asylum during the year 1897 with two tables showing the admissions and deaths that have occurred and the diseases for which the patients were admitted.

One hundred and thirty-six patients were admitted during the year, of which number twelve died, twenty-nine were sent to Canton, an eighty-nine were dischanged in the care of frien is either cured or partially relieved, the majority coming under the latter category.

Three deaths occurred amongst the Europeans, one from General Paralysis of the Insane and two from the effects of Alcohol; one a very interesting case of delirium tremens with high temperature already reported in The Lancet.

17

and

The majority of European admissions come under the heading of "Under Observation were due to the temporary effects of drink, and after two or three days' detention were discharged cured. The insane cases were mostly due to Melancholia with delusions and were sent home to their respective countries.

Chinese. Three cases of General Paralysis of the Insane occurred amongst the Chinese, two male and one female. The majority of the other cases were those of Dementia and come under the category of harmless lunatics." Unfortunately it is almost impossible to obtain any previous medical or family history of the cases so that the cause and origin of the mental condition is wrapt in mystery. There were five undoubted cases of Puerperal Mania, none of which recovered their mental con- dition. It seems, therefore, a fairly common disease amongst Chinese, and I have no doubt it would be found to be much more prevalent if a correct previous history were obtainable.

The Asiatic death occurred in the person of an old man of 80 admitted with cerebral softening. No European female lunatics have been admitted during the year.

The European Wardmasters LEE and SYDNEY have worked throughout the year without any interruption from illness, an 1 both have done their work well and satisfactorily.

During my illness and absence on leave (3rd February to 10th May) the Lunatic Asylum was in charge of Dr. PENNY, R.N., and Dr. SWAN, and I take the opportunity to thank these gentlemen for the care and interest they took in these rather uninteresting patients.

Miss EASTMOND proceeded home on leave in April and the charge of the female lunatics was taken over by Miss IRELAND.

I have the honour to be.

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

J. BELL,

Medical Officer in charge of Lunatic Asylum.

THE PRINCIPAL CIVIL MEDICAL OFFICER.

MONTHS.

Table showing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT LUNATIC ASYLUMS

during each Month of the Year 1897.

EUROPEANS.

COLOURED,

CHINESE.

Remaining on the 1st

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths.

Total Total Admissions. Deaths.

Discharg- ed to Canton.

January, 1897..

1

January,

1

February,

2

Co -1 00

1

000 10

1

March,

1

1

3

5

April,

3

8

12

May,

3

11

1

14

2

June,

1

10

1

11

1

July,

3

10

1

13

1

August,

3

1

15

18

1

September,

1

1

6

Ι

October,

1

3

13

1

17

November,

7

7

December,

3

7

10

1

viaiaiaiai

6

5

6

TOTAL,..

22

3

CO

6

1

108

8

136

12

29

23

Table showing number of PATIENTS admitted to the ASYLUM under their respective diseases.

CHINESE, &C.

405

Mania,

Puerperal Mania,

Dementia,

Melancholia,

DISEASE.

General Paralysis of the Insane,

Cerebral Softening,

Epilepsy,

Under Observation, *.

TOTAL.....

EUROPEANS.

Male.

Female.

Malc.

Female.

1

9

5

5

1

1

36

22

1

1

13

21

1

1

11

3

70

36

* This includes patients suffering from Alcoholism, Erysipelas, Measles, &c.

Enclosure III.

Report of the Medical Officer of Victoria Gaol.

VICTORIA GAOL,

HONGKONG, 29th January, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to report regarding the work done in, and in connection with, the Victoria Gaol Hospital during the year 1897.

342 prisoners were admitted to the Gaol Hospital, and 455 less serious cases were treated in the cells. Six deaths, including two cases of suicide by hanging, occurred during the year. Malarial Fevers and Diarrhoea have been the most prevalent ailments among the casual sick.

2,830 prisoners were vaccinated during 1897, being a larger number than in any previous year. The sanitary condition of the Gaol is good, and none of the sickness that has existed has been attributable to any defect in this respect.

I append the following Tables :-

I. Showing the Admissions and Mortality in the Victoria Gaol Hospital;

II. Showing cases treated by Medical Officer, but not admitted to Hospital;

III. Showing cases admitted to Hospital at the First Medical Examination of them by the

Medical Officer;

IV. Showing the Weights of Opium Smokers for the First Four Weeks' Confinement in

Gaol;

V. Showing Opium Smokers admitted to Hospital;

VI. Showing the number of Vaccinations;

VII. Showing the number and percentage of prisoners admitted to Hospital at their First

Medical Examination;

VIII. Showing the Rate of Sickness and Mortality in the Gaol during the year.

The Tables are similar to those of previous years, except in slight details. That showing the Rate of Sickness and Mortality I have re-constructed to afford a more complete view of the health of the Gaol, and those of general statistics I have compiled in accordance with the Nomenclature of Diseases of the Royal College of Physicians of London, thus bringing them into conformity with the Government Civil Hospital statistics.

Dr. J. M. ATKINSON,

Principal Civil Medical Officer,

&c.,

$0.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

JOHN C. THOMSON,

Medical Officer.

1

406

Table I.-Showing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY in the VICTORIA GAOL HOSPITAL during the Year 1897.

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

GENERAL DISEASES:

:

Euro-

peans.

Indians and Coloured

Total.

Indians

Total.

Euro-

Asiatics.

peans.

and Coloured

Asiatics.

Persons.

Persons.

Mumps,

Simple Continued Fever,

Dysentery,

1

Beri-Beri,

Malarial Fever-

a. Intermittent,

b. Remittent,

Erysipelas,

Syphilis-

a. Primary,

b. Constitutional,

Gonorrhoea,

Diseases dependent on Animal Parasites, Effects of Mechanical Injuries,

of Heat,

59

of Strain,

""

Alcoholism,

Rheumatism,

Anemia,

Debility,

LOCAL DISEASES :-

Diseases of Nervous System,

12

NNAHand

1

4

2

1432

10

14

24N

11

16

262

1

3

4

1

1

I

3

15

1

: **

1

28

32

631275 N

1

1

20

22

"

of Eye,...............

1

1

2

of Ear,

1

1

""

of Circulatory System,

4

4

of Respiratory System,

Ι

25

26

1

دو

of Digestive System,

9

1

33

43

1

of Lymphatic System,

1

of Urinary System,

of Generative System,

19

of Male Organs,

6

6

of Organs of Locomotion,

1

1

of Connective Tissue,

2

36

39

of Skin,

11

Under Observation,

6

49

55

..

Total,.......

40

7

295

342

1

...

1

1

3

4

OTHER DEATHS: Suicide by Hanging in Cell,-2 Chinese.

JOHN C. THOMSON, Medical Officer.

Table II.-Showing CASES TREATED by Medical Officer in VICTORIA GAOL, but NOT ADMITTED TO HOSPITAL, during the Year 1897.

GENERAL DISEASES:-

Malarial Fever-Intermittent,...

Syphilis-a. Primary,

b. Constitutional,

Gonorrhoea,...

Diseases dependent on Animal Parasites,

Vegetable Parasites,

Effects of Mechanical Injuries,.

Heat,

دو

Rheumatism,

LOCAL DISEASES:-

Diseases of Nervous System,

>>

>>

""

"

Eye,

Circulatory System,

Digestive

Lymphatic

Generative

دو

>>

Male Organs, Connective Tissue,

**

35

29

Skin,

TOTAL,...

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

Europeaus.

Indians and Coloured

Asiatics.

Total.

Persons.

1

1

6

76

82

4

±

17

22

39

3

79

82

9

51

60

4

36

40

I

1

1

1

1

2

4

3

65

1

48

2

N3—CO CONNNO

21

:OONND*

6

6

2

2

72

49

45

7

403

455

JOHN C. THOMSON, Medical Officer.

1

:

:

:

Table III-Showing cases ADMITTED to VICTORIA GAOL HOSPITAL at the FIRST MEDICAL EXAMINATION by the Medical Officer during the Year 1897.

GENERAL DISEASES :-

Simple Continued Fever,

Malarial Fever-Intermittent,

Gonorrhoea,...

Syphilis Primary,

Disease dependent on Animal Parasites, Effects of Mechanical Injuries,

دو

Heat,..

Alcoholism,...

Rheumatism,

Debility,

LOCAL DISEASES :-

Diseases of Nervous System,

Europeans.

407

Indians and Coloured

Asiatics.

Total.

Persons.

1

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

1

I

4

A 10 19 — 10 and jam 00 10 10

I

1

2

2

"

Digestive System,

Ι

1

""

Lymphatic System,

1

1

>>

Urinary System,

1

1

11

Male Organs,

2

2

Organs of Locomotion,.

1

1

Connective Tissue,.

2

2

Skin,

1

""

Under Observation,

6

TOTAL....

CO

28

37

JOHN C. THOMSON,

Medical Officer.

Table IV. Showing the WEIGHTS of PRISONERS (OPIUM SMOKERS), for the First Four Weeks' Confinement in VICTORIA GAOL, during the Year 1897.

No.

Age.

Length of Time Opium Smoker.

Consumption, per diem.

Weight when Admitted.

Weight First Four Weeks.

Years.

Years.

Mace.

lbs.

lbs.

lbs.

lbs.

lbs.

1234567890

55

10

1

115

114

112

112

46

3

3

104

105

106

108

105

27

10

2

89

88

87

90

90

25

6

I

101

102

101

102

101

50

14

4

75

73

75

77

66

40

3

98

97

96

49

30

26

10

-~-~

117

116

115

116

97

97

95

96

50

16

87

88

94

100

100

888

96

60

20

96

96

96

JOHN C. THOMSON,

Medical Officer.

Table V.-Showing OPIUM SMOKERS admitted into VICTORIA GAOL HOSPITAL for Treatment during the Year 1897.

Diseases.

Debility,

Dyspepsia,

Bronchitis,

Total,...

Europeans.

******

Indians.

Asiatics.

Total.

1

4

1

2

2

7

7

JOHN C. THOMSON,

Medical Officer.

408

Table VI.-Showing the number of PRISONERS VACCINATED in VICTORIA GAOL during the Year 1897.

Prisoners Vaccinated.

Number of those showing

marks of previous

Vaccination.

Successful.

Unsuccessful,

2,830

2,410

1,678

1,016

Not inspected, owing to early discharge from Gaol.

136

JOHN C. THOMSON, Medical Officer.

Table VII.-Showing the NUMBER and PERCENTAGE of Prisoners ADMITTED to VICTORIA GAOL HOSPITAL at the FIRST MEDICAL EXAMINATION by the Medical Officer during the Year 1897.

Total number of Prisoners Admitted to Gaol.

Europeans.

Sick in Hospital.

Indians.

Chinese.

Total.

Admitted to Hospital on

First Medical Examination.

Europeans.

Indians.

Chinese.

Total.

Percentage of Hospital cases on First Medical Examination.

To Total Gaol Admissions.

To Total Hospital Cases.

Percentage of Hospital cases on First Medical Examination.

Europeans. Chinese.

To Total

Hospital Cases.

To Total Hospital Cases.

5,076

40

295

342

00

28

37

0.72

10.81

2.33

8.18

JOHN C. THOMSON, Medical Officer.

Table VIII.-Showing the RATE of SICKNESS and MORTALITY in VICTORIA GAOL during the Year 1897.

TOTAL NUMBER OF:-

DAILY AVERAGE NUMBER

OF :~-

RATE PER CENT. OF:-

Prisoners Sick ad- admitted mitted to to Gaol. Hospital.

Sick not requiring to be treated in Hospital.

Total Sick- Daily Average

number of Sick to Daily

Mortality to Total

to Gaol.

Average num-Admissions

ber of Pri-

soners.

Serious

Deaths.

Prisoners Sick in

in Gaol. Hospital.

Sick not Sickness to

in Total Ad- Hospital. missions to

Gaol.

ness to Total Ad- missions to Gaol.

5,076

342

455

6

462

11.80

8.55

6.73

18.70

4.40

0.11

JOHN C. THOMSON,

Medical Officer.

Enclosure IV.

Report of the Inspecting Medical Officer of the Tung Wa Hospital.

TUNG WA HOSPITAL, HONGKONG, 4th February, 1898.

SIR-I have the honour to report regarding the Tung Wa Hospital during the year 1897; and as this is the first report under the new conditions that have followed the issue of the Report of the Commission appointed in 1896 by His Excellency Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, G.C.M.G., to enquire into the working and organization of the Hospital, I propose to describe in greater detail than will be necessary in future reports the arrangements which have been made for its more satisfactory working in the future, in order that these may be placed on record.

I assumed the duties of Inspecting Medical Officer on the 1st January, 1897; and on the same date Dr. CHUNG KING UE, who is a Diplomate of the Viceroy's Medical College, Tientsin, and was Resident Surgeon in the Alice Memorial Hospital during a period of eight years, became the first Resident Surgeon with a training in Western medicine, surgery, and midwifery in the Tung Wa Hospital.

.

409

At my morning visit I examine all new cases in the Receiving Ward, deal with all dead bodies in the Mortuary, and carefully inspect the whole hospital. At my afternoon visit I give attention chiefly to new admissions and dead bodies, and to any special matters that may have arisen during the interval, occasionally timing my visit so as to be able to inspect the food supplied to the patients at their afternoon meal.

THE RECEIVING WARD AND THE MORTUARY.

Each patient is on admission asked by a head coolie whether he prefers Chinese or Western treat- ment, it being explained that the latter will be carried out by a Chinaman, Dr. CHUNG. Having made his choice, he is temporarily treated in the Receiving Ward by the doctor under whose care he is to be, until the time of my visit. In that ward every case is examined and diagnosed by Dr. CHUNG, whether to be treated by himself or not, and at my own visit I confirm or modify his diagnosis before it is entered on the register. Cases of pronounced Small-pox, Bubonic Plague, etc. Dr. CHUNG sends on without delay to Kennedy Town Hospital. Suspicious cases are isolated by means of screens in a corner of the ward until I see them. After my visit all cases are removed to ap- propriate wards, such diseases as septicemia, erysipelas, etc., being isolated in some of the Ko Fong small wards, and not being admitted to the general wards. When an infectious case has been in the Receiving Ward, efficient means are adopted to disinfect the ward after its removal.

In the Mortuary as in the Receiving Ward I reconsider Dr. CHUNG's reports regarding all cases. In the case of persons who die in the Hospital, there is the diagnosis made during life to go upon in arriving at an opinion as to the cause of death. In the case of bodies brought to the Hospital Mortuary already dead, the standing order is that the friends shall be retained until they have been interviewed by Dr. CHUNG, and delivery of a dead body is not taken by those in charge of the Mortuary until this has been done. He examines and cross-examines them as to the symptoms and duration of the ill- ness that preceded death, and reports to myself; and as a general rule one can from such report, together with a consideration of the appearance of the body arrive at a fairly accurate idea as to the cause of death for purposes of the Hon. Registrar-General's statistics. If the case seem obscure, Dr. CHUNG requests the friends of the dead person to return about the usual time of my next visit to be further cross-questioned by myself regarding the circumstances preceding death. On account of the very strong prejudices the Chinese entertain against any interference with the dead body, I have acted on the policy of making as few post-mortem sections as possible, limiting such internal examinations to specially obscure cases, cases accompanied by suspicious circumstances, and cases in which the in- terests of the public health or the order of the Coroner left no alternative.

The arrangements for the burial of the dead are sufficient and satisfactory, and I have sought to have them carried out with due respect for the dead.

THE HOSPITAL BUILDINGS.

Two new wards have been built on the site of certain of the Ko Fong wards next to the Mortuary, and have been used as Surgical Wards since they were opened in April. This set free the two ground floor wards of the North Block, which, being somewhat shut in by other buildings and dimly lighted, were less suitable for purposes of ordinary treatment, to be used for the accommodation of destitutes and certain chronic and incurable cases that being without relatives or means of support cannot be got rid of. The ventilation of these destitute wards has been improved by the cutting of several openings in a wooden partition on the side next the gateway, and by substituting bamboo blinds for a fixed wooden venetian screen which formerly completely closed in the verandah of these wards on the east side. The housing of destitutes is a not unimportant part of the work of the Tung Wa Hospital. Ship-wrecked sailors and fishermen picked up at sea, poor Chinese making their way back to their native districts from the Straits Settlements and elsewhere, outcasts found in the streets by the police, find here a shelter and food until the Directors are able to arrange for their being handed to their friends or transferred to their own villages on the mainland.

I have re-measured all the wards in the Hospital, and limited the number of patients in each to allow a minimum of 800 cubic feet per patient, counting only twelve feet of the height. If the whole height to the roof be taken into account, the space allowance per patient is in some of the wards con- siderably greater. The number of patients permitted is painted on a board at the door of each ward, and is never under any circumstances exceeded, except occasionally in the wards for destitutes when an unusually large number have been sent in.

Formerly no classification of diseases was attempted, excepting the crude Chinese separation of external diseases from internal diseases, but the Directors readily consented to my suggestion that the various wards should be devoted to the accommodation of patients suffering from special classes of disease. The re-arrangement was made in March, and now, while overflow is necessarily permitted from one ward to another when occasion requires it, the general plan of the Hospital is as follows :---

Name of Ward.

Diseases.

Beds.

West Block:-

First Floor,

.Fuk

15

Shau

15

Malarial Fevers. Lung Diseases.

Ground Floor,

...Hong

15

Ning

15

Diarrhoea and Dysentery. General Medical Cases.

410

Name of Ward.

Beds.

North Block:

First Floor,

..Ping

17

.On

17

Ground Floor,

..Tik

8

..Kat

16

South Wards :--

Ch'uen .Hing

13

11

Discases.

Beri-Beri.

General Medical Cases. Destitutes,

Destitutes and Chronics.

Surgical. Surgical.

There are still twenty-four of the Ko Fong small wards in existence. Of these eight are built against retaining walls, and are now used only as stores. The other sixteen, each able to accommo- date two persons, had been reconstructed before I assumed the duties of inspection of the Tung Wa Hospital, and are used for the housing of women and children, and for the isolation of such patients as for any reason require to be kept apart from others. I have recommended the Directors to pull down all these wards except a single line of them, which should remain for isolation purposes, and on the ground thus cleared to erect two blocks, each two storeys high, making four new wards. The proposal has been favourably entertained, and if the financial question can be satisfactorily settled the inatter will probably soon be proceeded with.

A large kitchen to be used exclusively for the infusion of Chinese medicines was erected early in the year, and the old kitchen became entirely available for ordinary cooking purposes.

The whole floor above the Receiving Ward has been re-constructed into roomy suitable quarters for the staff of native practitioners, while the room adjoining the central hall which most of them formerly occupied has been partitioned to form a bed-room and sitting-room for Dr. CHUNG. Quarters previously occupied by one of the doctors beside the Ko Fong wards are now used as private wards. and the former private wards beside the North gateway are now the quarters of Dr. CHUNG's assistant and the Steward, about to be mentioned. The room above the old coolie house, formerly the waiting- room for mourners in connection with the former mortuary, has been added to the coolie quarters, thus doubling the accommodation for servants. The old mortuary itself is used as a store house.

Before leaving the subject of the Hospital buildings, I may mention a number of improvements which have during the year been effected in the wards, and which taken together greatly-improve their condition. The sandal-wood burners, the smoke from which used to be so suffocating to Europeans who entered the wards, have been removed. The purpose of the smouldering sandal-wood was to cover foul odours, and when I pointed out that under new circumstances such odours no longer existed, no objection was made to my request that they should be taken away altogether. The sets of lockers attached to the west block have been completed by having the back boards, omitted in their original construction, put in, and now all wardrobes have been removed from the wards in that block, The filthy wicker baskets formerly used for the reception of soiled surgical dressings have been replaced by tin trays. Iron screens have been made to close in all fireplaces in the wards. The fire- places themselves are to be replaced soon by stoves in the middle of the wards, and this has already been done in three of them. The "

The "epidemic of commodes" spoken of by one of the witnesses before the Commission has long ago disappeared, commodes being only permitted in the wards in the case of such patients as, in my opinion, require to use them, and being emptied as soon as possible after use. For the patients generally, commodes are placed in the bath-rooms attached to the wards of the west block, and behind screens in the verandahs of the north block and the new Surgical Wards, and are frequently cleansed, with the free use of Jeyes' Fluid as a disinfectant.

THE HOSPITAL STAFF.

I am well satisfied with the work of Dr. CHUNG, who carries out my instructions carefully. Besides treating such patients as elect to come under his care, he makes it his endeavour to persuade the most serious cases, especially surgical, where there is hope of cure or relief, to go to hospitals offering better facilities for treatment. He further maintains a general oversight of the sanitary condition of the hospital buildings and drainage, of the cleanliness of patients, wards, bedding and clothing, and of the ventilation of the wards.

He keeps two main records ;-a General Register, showing name, address, age, sex, disease, date and hour of admission, date of discharge, number of days in hospital, occupation, result, with space for remarks; and a Register of Cases brought into the Mortuary already Dead, showing name, age, sex, occupation, address, date of death, probable cause of death when no post-mortem section has been made, cause of death when ascertained by internal examination, with space for remarks.

He reports all infectious cases, with the addresses from which they have come, without delay by telephone to the Central Police Station and the Medical Officer of Health, later notifying them in the usual way to the Secretary of the Sanitary Board; and sends a daily Return of Deaths to the Registrar-General's Office.

He was absent from the Hospital for a period of three weeks from 26th April, making enquiries at the request of the Government into the prevalence of Bubonic Plague in the districts of Tung Kun, Shun Tak, and Shiu Hing on the mainland. During his absence Dr. U I KAI acted for him.

The Directors early in the year appointed a young man named TANG KING FAI, at a salary of fifteen dollars a month with food and quarters, to act as surgical dresser and general assistant to Dr.

:

:

411

+

7

:

CHUNG, with permission to attend the classes and go through the regular curriculum of the College of Medicine for Chinese. This appointment I regarded as satisfactory evidence of a willingness on their part to fall in with the new order of things, since it was perfectly voluntary.

Just at the close of the year the Directors decided to appoint a Chinaman of somewhat better standing than that of the head coolies to act as Steward of the Hospital, to be at the head of the working staff of the institution, and to be responsible for the sanitary maintenance of the buildings, for the cleanliness of the patients and of their clothing and bedding, and for the proper carrying out of the conservancy system. Such an officer is now on a term of probation, and will," I think, prove

suitable.

Dr. CHUNG, the Steward, and a head coolie accompany me round the hospital at my morning and afternoon inspections daily, and I am thus able to point out anything not in order at the time and on the spot to the party responsible for it.

An additional barber has been appointed at my suggestion to allow more careful attention to the shaving of the patients, and an additional night-soil coolie to secure a more efficient and continuous attention to the removal of discharges from the wards.

Otherwise the staff of employees is as it has been in previous years.

Here I may remark that I have been permitted to address directly all employees of the Hospital on the subject of their work, and my orders and those of Dr. CHUNG have been obeyed without question. CLOTHING AND BEDDING.

I have arranged that all clothing of patients shall be changed twice a week, on Wednesdays and Saturdays, that all covers of cotton quilts shall be changed every Saturday, and that either clothing or bedding soiled by discharges shall be removed from the wards without delay. I secure the regular carrying out of these regulations by having the clean clothing and quilt cover laid out on each bed for my personal inspection at my morning visit each Wednesday and Saturday, and having the order to change clothing issued to the patients in each ward by the head coolie accompanying me before I leave the ward. In the first months of the year I had a considerable amount of trouble in getting this systematically done, but now it is established as a matter of routine.

The recommendation of the Commission that the cotton quilts in use for bedding should be replaced by blankets has not been carried into effect. After bringing pressure to bear on the Directors on this subject in other ways, I had a formal meeting with them in March for a full discussion of it. At this meeting a majority of them, including the Chairman and the two Vice-Chairmen, were present, and I found them perfectly unanimous in their opposition to the proposal. They urged that the Chinese, rich and poor alike, are so accustomed to this form of bedding that it would materially take away from the comfort of the patients to introduce any other. They professed their willingness to have the covers of the quilts changed regularly, and the quilts themselves replaced as often as might be necessary, and begged that the alteration should not be insisted upon. In these circumstances I desisted from the attempt to enforce the improvement recommended, and gave my attention to the question whether a satisfactory degree of cleanliness can be maintained with the use of the quilts, and have come to the conclusion that while the change to blankets would certainly be an improvement it is not absolutely essential, and may well be allowed to stand over until such time as it may be possible to gradually introduce the use of blankets.

A few days after the meeting just referred to, I caused all the cotton quilts to be uncovered for my inspection, and removed thirty of the worst of them from use. A little later I made a more drastic examination of them, and with the consent of the police made a bonfire of more than one hundred of them on the Tai Ping Shan resumed area. A large number of others, not so completely spoiled as to require destruction by fire, were disinfected by heat at the public disinfector, and then broken up to be made anew, after the outer layer of wool had been picked off to be destroyed, and the remainder re-carded and mixed with a proportion of new cotton-wool.

New quilts having been purchased to replace those destroyed, and the stock of bedding having thus been placed on a satisfactory footing, I have made a weekly inspection since that time of those in use, all quilts being uncovered in preparation for the weekly change of covers before the time of my morning visit on Saturdays.

The quilted clothing supplied to the patients in the cold season is, of course, in the same category as the quilted bedding, and can only be cleansed by being periodically sent to the public disinfector. The change of clothing made twice a week refers to the cotton clothing which alone is necessary during the greater part of the year, and is used as under clothing in the winter.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

While in the matter of the quilted bed-covers the Directors were not able to fall in with my proposals, and in other natters lack of available funds or the pressure of outside Chinese opinion rendered them unable to carry out certain improvements which they themselves recognised as desir- able, I have throughout the year experienced the most marked kindness and courtesy in all my relations both with the former Board and with those who have recently entered on office. enlightened policy that is consistently guiding their action in their management of the affairs of the Hospital is rapidly producing improvement of the institution on all sides of its work.

The

412

WORK DONE DURING THE YEAR,

The number of patients in the Hospital at the beginning of the year was 132; 2,776 were admitted during 1897, making a total of 2,908 under treatment; 1,793 were discharged; 994 died; leaving 121 on the evening of 31st December.

The admissions during the past ten years have been :--

1888.

1889,

1890,

1891,

1892,

1893,

1894,

1895.

1896,

2,298

2,050

2,260

2,514

2,455

2,255

2,354

2,732

2,041

2,776

1897.

From these figures it will be seen that the number of admissions last year is greater than in any year during the decade, which fact may be regarded as affording satisfactory evidence that the new order of things in the Tung Wa Hospital is not resented by the Chinese public.

Of the 2,908 cases treated during the year, 463 were treated according to Western methods by Dr. CHUNG, including 11 of those remaining on 1st January who transferred themselves to his care, and 114 were sent as follows:-45 to Government Civil Hospital, 5 to Lunatic Asylum, 52 (36 Small- pox and 16 Plague) to Kennedy Town Hospital, 4 to Alice Memorial Hospital, 6 to Nethersole Hos- pital, and 2 to French Convent.

117,542 consultations in the Out-Patient Department, which is a separate building on the opposite side of Po Yan Street, under the Pó Leung Kuk, are reported by the six native doctors.

1,864 Vaccinations were performed in Hongkong itself, and 278 in the out-lying districts, making a total of 2,142, as compared with 1,601 during 1896, by a public vaccinator connected with the Tung Wa Hospital.

661 male destitutes, including 75 ship-wrecked sailors, were supplied with food and shelter for varying periods during the year. Similar work among women is done by the Pó Léung Kuk.

Of the 994 deaths, 505 (408 male and 97 female) were moribund on admission, death occurring within a few hours after reception into the hospital.

In addition to the above, 419 dead bodies (315 male and 104 female) were brought to the Tung Wa Hospital Mortuary to await burial. In the case of these, as has been mentioned, an approximate diagnosis of the causes of death for purposes of the Honourable Registrar-General's returns was made by means of inspection of the bodies and examination of the relatives as to the symptoms and duration of the antecedent diseases.

The custom that prevails among the Chinese of removing so many of the dying and the dead from the crowded coolie quarters and poorer homes of the city, while mayhap it hastens the end of some of the former, is decidedly advantageous to the public health of the community.

Besides those actually moribund when admitted, a very large proportion of the patients brought to the Tung Wa Hospital are hopeless from the beginning, and would be regarded as such in any European hospital. The chief benefit they receive is that they spend their last days amid what is to them comparative ease and comfort. These include numerous cases of advanced phthisis, heart disease, beri-beri, cachexia from neglected wounds and abscesses, malarial conditions, and the general debility of old age.

With regard to malarial diseases, the mortality has in the past been out of all proportion to the admissions, and, while to some extent due to the pernicious forms of fever that prevail in some of the out-lying districts from which many of the cases come, has been chiefly the result of the neglect of the use of quinine, the specific remedy for malaria. In the latter part of the year I have insisted on the use of this drug in all cases diagnosed malarial, whether nominally under Western treatment or not. Considerable improvement has also been effected in the arrangements for the dieting of fever cases,

I append the following Tables :-

I. Showing the Admissions and Mortality in the Tung Wa Hospital during the year 1897: II. Showing General Statistics relating to the Tung Wa Hospital during the year 1897; III. Showing Vaccinations at, and in connection with, the Tung Wa Hospital during the

year 1897.

Table I. is compiled in accordance with the Nomenclature of Diseases of the Royal College of Physicians, London; and also shows the proportion of cases treated according to European and Chinese methods respectively.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

-

Dr. J. M. ATKINSON,

Principal Civil Medical Officer,

&c.,

&c.

JOHN C. THOMSON, M.D., M.A.,

Inspecting Medical Officer.

:

Table I.-Showing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY in the TUNG WA HOSPITAL during the Year 1897.

Deaths.

413

GENERAL DISEASES:

• Small-pox,

:

F:

:

:

* Plague, Influenza,

Mumps, Dysentery, Beri-Beri,

Malarial Fever:-

a. Intermittent, b. Remittent,...

Erysipelas,

Septicemia, Puerperal,

Tetanus,.

Tubercle,

Leprosy, Tubercular, ...

Syphilis, Constitutional,

Effects of Vegetable Poisons,...

Mechanical Injuries,

Starvation, Alcoholism,..

Rheumatism,

ADMISSIONS.

European Treatment. Treatment.

Chinese

Total.

European Chinese Treatment. Treatment.

Total.

36

36

16

16

1

3

4

1

1

2

20

113

133

7

36

137

173

·14

33

234

267

14

290

304

5

142

2

4

6

2

4

6

1

5

5

6

I

1

1

21

28

49

3

3

3

2

30

160

190

AN NGA: ** *⠀⠀ Ai

4

4

53

60

88

102

40

44

147

4

10 00 00

5

3

3

3

3

I

1

2

24

64

88

2

8

5

3

29

32

1

1

1

4

40

44

22

23

8 Bananai

2

5

2

5

12

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

?

:

:

New Growth, Non-Malignant,

Anæmia,

Malignant,

Diabetes Mellitus, Debility,

LOCAL DISEASES:-

Diseases of the

Nervous System, Eye,.

Circulatory System, Respiratory Digestive

Lymphatic

"

Urinary

Generative

Male Organs,

11

34

Organs of Locomotion,

Connective Tissue, Skin,.

TOTAL,

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:.

26

90

116

8

51

59

4

30

101

131

13

46

416

462

26

264

40

285

325

15

103

7

2

25

26

6

7

13

1

3

4

11

18

29

2

:ཎྜ:::,

66

79

290

118

21

1

28

137

165

2

50

60

110

: N wi

3

2

452

2,324

2,776

883

991

* Transferred at once, unless actually dying, to Kennedy Town Hospital.

JOHN C. THOMSON,

Inspecting Medical Officer.

Table II.-Showing GENERAL STATISTICS relating to the TUNG WA HOSPITAL during the Year 1897.

Remaining on 1st January, 1897.

Patients Admitted.

Admitted already moribund.

Patients Discharged.

Deaths.

Destitutes.

Out-Patients.

Dead brought

to Mortuary.

114

18

132 2,450

326 2,776

97 408

5051,023170 1,793

830 164

994

661

0

661 84,019 33,523 117,542 315 | 104 | 419

JOHN C. THOMSON,

Inspecting Medical Officer.

Table III.-Showing VACCINATIONS at, and in connection with, the TUNG WA HOSPITAL during the Year 1897.

Hongkong.

Yaumati.

Shaukiwan.

Aberdeen.

Stanley.

Hungham.

Total.

2,142

JOHN C. THOMSON,

1,864

66

6

109

50

47

Inspecting Medical Officer.

414

Enclosure V.

Government Laboratory,

HONGKONG, 13th June, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to submit a statement of the work done in the Government Laboratory during the year 1897. The work has not only been greater in amount than in any previous year but it has also been of a much more difficult character.

2. The work may be conveniently summarized as follows:-

f

Description of Cases.

Toxicological,

Potable Waters, Petroleum,

Morphine Ordinance,

Food and Drugs Ordinance,....

Coins,

Buffalo Milk,

Coal,......

Blood stains,

Miscellaneous,

Total,..

No. of Articles examined.

120

85889

63

97

3

26

6

4

15

6

28

368

TOXICOLOGICAL.

3. The toxicological cases investigated during the past year include 12 cases of human poison- ing, exclusive of one case of Strychnine poisoning which occurred beyond the confines of the Colony.

4. In six cases death was found to be due to opium.

5. There were five cases of Datura poisoning during 1897, in all of which cases Datura Alba had been administered for criminal purposes. All the victims recovered from the effects of the drug. In one case of drugging the accussed used a mixture composed of Datura seeds and Datura flowers steeped in samshu. No less than three bottles of this mixture were found on his person together with a bottle of arsenic, and a powder composed of arsenic and Datura seeds. The pollen grains of Datura form a useful means for the identification of the flowers when mixed with other substances as they can be easily identified by their colour, shape, and markings. The mydriatic principle of Datura was isolated from the urines of the drugged persons without difficulty. The urines were collected, in four cases within 24 hours of taking the drug, but in one case an interval of 48 hours had elapsed before the urine could be collected,

6. A powder resembling pepper which had been thrown into a man's eyes was found to be native arsenic. One eye was seriously affected for some time, but after a few months all traces of injury disappeared.

WATERS.

7. The results of the analyses of samples taken each month from the Pokfulum and Tytam Reservoirs, and from the Kowloon Service, indicate that these supplies continue to maintain their excellent qualities. During the past year the Kowloon Service has given complete satisfaction. The composition of the water supplies varies hardly at all from month to month. The following table shows the composition of the three waters collected in December:-

Total solid matter dried Chlorine.

at 212° F.

Saline Ammonia.

Albumenoid Oxygen absorbed

Ammonia. in 4 hours at 80° F.

Nitrites. Nitrates.

Sugar test for the detection of sewage.

Pokfulum,....

4.0

.6

Absent.

Absent.

013

Absent. Absent.

Tytam..

3.8

.6

Do.

Do.

.013

Do.

Do.

No trace of sewage indicated. Do.

Kowloon,

2.5

.6

Do.

Do.

.003

Do.

Do.

Do.

L

T

י

¿

.

415

A large number of wells have been closed during the past three years, and as regards the water supplies of every description in this Colony it is satisfactory to know that they are all at present supplying water that is fit for potable purposes.

In Appendix A will be found the results of the analyses of 26 well-waters.

8. The Dangerous Goods Ordinances, 1873 and 1892.-Of petroleum 120 samples were examined and were found to give off inflammable vapour at temperatures considerably above the 73° F. limit.

9. The Food and Drugs Ordinance, 18 of 1896.-Twenty-six samples were examined :-

Description.

Milk, Whiskey,

Beer,.

Coffee,

Bread,..

Number of samples.

Number found Number found

genuine. adulterated.

9

7

4

1

3

0

1

0

THE MORPHINE ORDINANCE, 1893.

10. There was one prosecution under this Ordinance, and three exhibits were forwarded for examination, all of which contained morphine hydrochloride.

MISCELLANEOUS.

11. Buffalo Milk.-Four samples collected in August had the following composition in 100 parts by weight:

Description.

Specific Gravity at 15.5° C.

Total Solids.

Fat.

Solids not Fat. Ash.

Water.

Morning,

1.038

19.92

7.86

12.06

.80

80.08

Morning,

1.034

21.92

9.89

12.03

.85

78.08

Evening,

1.028

16.97

6.33

10.64

.68

83.03

Evening,

1.037

21.05

7.85

13.20

.79

78.95

12. Coins.-The following shows the composition of three Chinese 20-cent pieces and of three Chinese 10-cent pieces :-

20-cent pieces marked Kwangtung Province 1 mace 4.4 candareens.

10-

""

7.2 candareens.

**

>>

"}

Description.

Specific Gravity. Weight in Grains. Weight of Silver

in 1,000 parts.

20-cent,....

do.,

do.. 10-cent,

10.256

82.47

795.4

10.248

81.68

801.7

10.253

$2.92

790.3

10.373

41.38

798.0

10.342

41.44

796.6

9.912*

40.85

803.3

do., do.,

* Confirmed by subsequent experiment.

13. Disinfectants.--Many much-advertised preparations have been found in previous years to have been perfectly useless. During the past year one of these so-called disinfectants was found to be in use in a house where a considerable number of cases of enteric fever were taking place. On occasions when it is imperative that a reliable disinfectant should be employed, recourse should be had only to pre- parations which are known to contain a sufficient quantity of either carbolic acid, perchloride of mercury, or other similar substances which will render such a preparation efficacious. During the past year one disinfectant was examined. Its composition was as follows :

Coal tar acids, Neutral Oils,.

Water,

12

.80 Percentages by volume.

8

416

14. Examinations for the general public.-Samples of various descriptions were examined. The following is the scale of fees for the examination of samples for the general public as set forth in Government Notification No. 319:-

Conditions.

1. Postage or freight must be prepaid.

2. Applications should be addressed to the Colonial Secretary, and should be accompanied

by samples and a remittance for the amount of the fee due.

3. The right is reserved of refusing samples from beyond the boundaries of the Colony, or such samples as may not be considered of sufficient public importance to warrant analysis.

4. The locality from which the samples come must be clearly described.

5. Crushed samples will not be received for analysis under any circumstances.

6. All samples analysed will remain the property of the Government.

7. The Government will not recognise any claims arising from the results of analysis.

Tariff of Charges.

(a) Analyses of Food Materials.-When any substance of the nature of a food or a drug* is required to be examined as to evidence of purity or freedon from adulteration, a uniform charge of five dollars is made in accordance with section 11 of The Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance, 1896.

* The term "food" shall include every food or article used for food or drink by man, other than drugs or water. The term "drug" shall include medicine for internal or external use. (Section 2 of The Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance, 1896.)

(b) Water.

Analysis for potable purposes (total solids, chlorine, nitrates, absorption of oxygen, free and saline and albumenoid ammonia and qualitative test for nitrites),.....

$

25.00

Qualitative analysis of mineral water,

15.00

Quantitative

Hardness only,

Salts.

do.,

50.00

2

5.00

i

.

(c) Mineral analyses.

Qualitative test for one constituent, Complete qualitative analysis,

Quantitative analysis, each constituent,

Metallic ores.

Coal.

Antimony, Tin, Silver, Gold, qualitative,

Do.

General qualitative analysis,

quantitative,

General analysis (moisture, volatile matter, coke, ash, specific gravity), Ultimate analysis (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur), Sulphur only, quantitative,

Moisture, carbon, ash, quantitative,

Graphite.

(d) Kerosene.

Flashing point (Abel close test),

Fire test,

Gravity,

1

5.00 15.00

10.00

10.00

25.00

15.00

25.00

50.00

......

10.00

25.00

2.50

2.50

5.00

50.00

100.00

(e) Toxicological examinations.

Qualitative examination,.

Quantitative examination,

Charges for articles not enumerated in the above tariff and any further information can be obtained on application to the Government Analyst.

Quantities which should be submitted for analysis.

Wine, Brandy, Vinegar, Milk, at least..............

Butter, at least

Water (examination for potable purposes), at least

Mineral water, at least

Substance for mineral analysis, at least

..1 bottle (pint).

.1 lb.

gallon. 2 gallons.

.2 lbs.

417

15. The Coal Supply of Hongkong.---The following analyses show the composition of 14 coals on the Hongkong Market in December:-

LOCALITY.

IN 100 PARTS OF THE ORIGINAL COAL.

CONDITION

APPEARANCE.

.OF

Volatile Moisture. Combustible

Matter.

СОКЕ.

Fixed Carbon.

Ash. Sulphur.

1. Moji, Japan, ..........

2. Cardiff,.

Black lumps, dull laminae.

grey colour. Colour of pow-

der-dark chocolate.

Shining black lumps. Ash-grey

colour. Colour of powder---

black.

3. Moji, Japan,...... Black lumps, dull laminae. Ash-

reddish-white.

powder-black.

4. Moji, Japan,..... Dull black lumps, slaty. Ash-red

Ash-

2.818

38.762

43.840 14.580

.700 Cakes.

.851

13.219

81.601

4.329

.240 Cakes, good

volume.

4.282

39.618

45.660

10.490

.327

Cakes.

Colour of

2.134

44.346 39.120 14.400

1.354 Cakes.

colour. Colour of powder- dark chocolate.

5. Kaiping Dust, In small dull black lumps and

1.119

24.181 48.620 26.080

China,

powder. Ash-grey colour.

1.175 Cakes, good

volume.

Colour of powder-black.

6. Australian,

Black lumps, dull laminae, splintry,

2.735

31.655

58.668 6,942

Ash-red colour.

Colour of

1.380 Cakes, good

volume.

powder-black.

7. Moji, Mixed,

Japan.

Shining black lumps, dull laminae.

4.241

38.069

47.090 10.600

.935

Cakes.

Ash-dark-grey colour. Colour of powder-black.

8. Moji, Japan,......

Shining black lumps, slaty. Ash-

3.499

36.241

45.740 14.520

1.101 Cakes.

grey. Colour of powder-

black.

9. Dust, Tonquin,

Black powder.

Ash-brown co-

11.160

5.440

61.060 22.340

.605

Powder.

lour.

10. Australian, Dust, In small black lumps and powder.

Ash-brown colour.

11. Yubari, Japan,... Shining black lumps, dull laminae.

2.096

34.594

51.530 11.780

.974 Cakes, good

volume.

1.077

42.493

51.867

4.563

.937

Cakes.

Ash-grey colour.

Colour of

powder-dark chocolate.

12. Yubari, Japan,

(Unscreened),

Dull black lumps, slaty. Ash-

1.270

44.010

43.950 10.770

.276 Cakes.

yellowish-grey colour.

Co-

lour of powder--black.

13. Yubari, Japan,

Dull black lumps, slaty. Ash-

2.680

39.950

53.027

4.348

1.172 Cakes.

(Unscreened),

yellow colour. Colour of pow- der-black.

14. Tonquin,

Shining black lumps, dull laminae.

1.559

7.961 86.948 3.532

.692 Powder.

Ash-light-grey. Colour of powder-black.

16. Leave of absence was continued to Mr. CROW throughout the

I have the honour to be,

THE PRINCIPAL CIVIL MEDICAL OFFICER.

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

year.

FRANK BROWNE, Ph. Ch., F.C.S.,

Sometime Demonstrator of Practical Chemistry in the Luboratories of the Pharmaceutical Society.

Acting Government Analyst.

WELL WATERS.

RESULTS EXPRESSED IN GRAINS PER IMPERIAl Gallon, (1 in 70,000).

Oxygen

Date.

Situation of Well.

Depth.

Total

solid matter

dried

at 212° F.

Albume-

Chlorine.

Saline

Ammonia.

absorbed

noid

Ammonia.

in 4 hours

at 80° F.

Nitrogen

in Nitrates

and

Nitrites.

Nitrites.

General Remarks.

1897.

418

Jan. 21

Cosmopolitan Dock,

31 feet.

4.0

.0014

.0014

.050

.23

Absent.

21

""

Back Yard, Central Station,

11

4.4

.0028

.0028

.060

""

.81

""

21

Tin Un Sauce Factory, a, Yaumati,

16

10.9

.0112

.0014

.050

""

""

21

"

Tin Un Sauce Factory, b, Yaumati,

14

72.8

.0140

.0028

.115

"}

Apr. 10

Cosmopolitan Dock, a,

""

27

4.2

.0112

.0014

.005

.206

""

39

10 Cosmopolitan Dock, b,

27

7.4

.0560

.0014

.015

"

Present.

Much organic suspended matter.

Turbid.

Very turbid.

""

""

10

Inland Lot 671, Shek Tong Tsui,

16

6.7

.0112

.0014

.005

"}

May

1

Military Well, Stanley,

50

2.1

Absent

.0014

.050

>>

Absent.

Turbid.

1

""

Police Well, Stanley,

5

1.3

Absent

Absent

.010

"}

1

">

North of Village, Stanley,

""

""

16

2.9

.0084

.0014

.010

"9

...

""

"

1

31

South of Village, Stanley,

8

2.1

.0028

Absent

.010

""

"}

""

ララ

1

Cosmopolitan Dock, b,

27

7.4

.0420

.0014

.040

""

""

June 1

17, Hunghom, West,.

17

1.4

Absent

.0028

.010

"9

18

""

Mohammedan Cemetery,

10

1.9

Absent

Absent

.007

July 2

""

No. 6 Lane, Shek Tong Tsui, I. Lot 671,...

16

8.5

.0028

Absent

,023

,,

1:5

**

21

""

Government Gunpowder Depôt,

18

.8

.0014

.0028

.130

Very turbid.

Aug. 28

Jardine's Gardens,

5

2.0

.0028

Absent

.003

"

"

""

28

39, Elgin Street,

20

1.1

.0028

Abseut

.030

>>

28

58, Hollywood Road,

99

16

2.3

Absent

Absent

.006

""

28

15, Gage Street,

,,

20

2.1

.0028

Absent

.003

""

Oct. 15

Hongkong Regiment Mess,

""

20

31.0

6.3

Absent

.0014

.010

""

.288

Nov. 22

6, St. Francis Lane, .

""

11

2.6

.0140

.0028

.040

"

Present.

Animalculæ present.

22

64, Queen's Road, East,

Unknown.

4.8

Absent

.0280

.070

22

>>

166, Queen's Road, East,.

"

17 feet.

5.4

.0014

Absent

.010

.658

Absent.

22

Hongkong Regiment Mess,

20

7.0

Absent

Absent

,010

""

.288

Dec.

7 Hongkong Regiment Mess,

"}

20

7.0

Absent

Absent

"}

̧.006

.288

87

No. 98

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE OBSERVATORY FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

HONGKONG Observatory,

15th January, 1898.

SIR,-I have the honour to submit my aunual report for 1897 to His Excellency the Governor. My thirteenth volume of “Observations and Researches" was published at the end of last year. My four- teenth volume is now ready. It contains the third edition of "The Law of Storms in the Far East,' which was finished in 1896. The typhoons about which little was known in 1883, when the Obser- vatory was built, have since been so thoroughly investigated that they are now among the best under- stood atmospheric disturbances in the world, and it is almost certain that any amount of further investigation based on observations made here or on board vessels at sea would add nothing whatever to our knowledge. For further contributions to this branch of science we must now look to experi- ments made in physical laboratories in Europe and America and to analytical investigations based upon such experiments.

2. During my absence on leave during the summer and autumn Mr. F. G. FIGG acted for me, and I found everything in good order on my return. Mr. FIGG has investigated the typhoons of 1897, but has not met with any new facts. Although some of the typhoon-paths that occurred in 1897 are rare, they had occurred before. Early last year the Manager of the Eastern Extension, Australasia, and China Telegraph Company requested me to arrange a code for transmitting meteorological obser- vations and information about typhoons. In submitting a code, as desired, I explained that the cir- cumstances obtaining out here were such as to preclude any advantage being obtained from any code as far as the transmission of the observations was concerned. Later, during the autumn, the Manager adopted my views and arranged with Mr. FIGG's assistance a code for transmitting storm-warnings only. This code has been published by Mr. FIGG by order of the Government, and has been adopted by the Telegraph Company.

3. The comparison of the weather forecasts, issued daily about 11 a.m, with the weather sub- sequently experienced has been conducted on the same system as last year (Comp. Annual Report for 1896 § 5). We have:

Success 65%, partial success 31 %, partial failure 3 %, total failure %.

Following the method used in meteorological offices and taking the sum of total and partial success as a measure of success, and the sum of total and partial failure as a measure of failure, we find finally that :--

96% of the weather forecasts were successful.

4. At the beginning of February, 1897, the storm-signals, invented by Admiral FITZROY in 1861, were introduced in Hongkong, and the typhoon-gun was fired when the drum was hoisted.-On the 14th September at 9 p. the North Cone was hoisted. It was blowing N by E 5 at the time. The maximum wind force (11) was reported from Gap Rock on the 17th at 6 p. On the 18th at 5.30 a. the Cone was lowered. On the 5th October at 11.15 a. the North Cone was hoisted. It was blowing NE 4 at the time. The maximum wind force (7) was reported from Gap Rock at 11 p. on the same day. On the 6th at 2.25 p. the Cone was lowered.-On the 17th November at 11 a. the North Cone was hoisted. It was blowing NNE 2 at the time. The maximum wind force (8) was reported from Gap Rock at 2 p. on the same day. On the 18th at 6 a. the Cone was lowered.-The Drum was added to the Cone and the gun fired on the 17th September at 2.30 p. At 5 p. on the same day the anemograph at the Observatory registered 56 miles.

5. In spite of the great advantages accruing from the adoption of the system of storm-signals in use in England and other countries, it has been decided to revert to the system in use here from 1884 to 1896 inclusive. This has been decided on the suggestion of the Committee of the Chamber of Commerce, who stated: "Those signals, having been in use for 13 years, were becoming gradually

88:

2

more and more understood and rightly interpreted by the boat and seafaring people as the time went on, as is always the case, the Committee believe, when a system of signalling is introduced. They likewise convey to masters of ships intimations of the state of the weather at a distance on the voyages on which they are about to sail, information which the present storm-warnings do not supply."

6. The China Coast Meteorological Register was printed daily at the Observatory, and inform- ation regarding storms was telegraphed to and exhibited on notice-boards in Hongkong and other ports in China and neighbouring countries as often and as fully as such information could be justified by the weather telegrams received. This happened on 69 days in 1897.

7. Telegraphic connection with Victoria was interrupted on the 16th April, 1897, from 10 a. to noon; from the 8th May at 8.12 a. to 9th May at 8.12 a.; on the 18th May from 11.45 a. to 2.26 p., from the 21st at 5.50 p. to 23rd May at 6.48 a.; on the 23rd May from 10.15 a. to 1.34 p.; on the 24th May from 1.10 a. to 9.8 a. ; on the 27th May from 4.13 p. to 5 p. ; from the 30th May at 11.55 x. to 31st May at 1.34 a.; on the 5th from 4 p. to 6.45 p. ; on the 17th June, from 1.10 a. to 6.20 a. and from 7.26 a. to 10.30 a. ; on the 15th July from 2.58 p., to 7.54 p.; on the 28th August from 9.50 a. to 10.43 a.; on the 8th November from 11.25 a. to 0.20 p. Interruptions occurred therefore on 16 days, and, of course, during thunderstorms.-Telephone connection with the Peak was inter- rupted on the 15th January from 6 a. to 11 a.; from the 8th April at 8 a. to 10th April at 6 a.; from the 1st August at 11 a. to 2nd August at 10 a.; from the 17th September at 5 p. to 18th September at 6 a.; from the 6th October at 6 a. to 20th October at 1 p.; from the 13th November at 6 p. 15th November at 6 a., i.e., on 26 days as well as during thunderstorms.

to

8. During 1897 in addition to meteorological registers kept at 40 stations on shore, 2,635 ship- logs have been copied on board or forwarded by the captains. The total number of vessels, whose log books have been made use of, was 283. The total number of days' observations (counting separately those made on board different ships on the same day) was 20,899.

9. The following is a list of ships from which logs have been obtained in 1897. The majority are steamships, and the others are distinguished as follows: bk., barque; sh., ship; bqt., barquentine :--- *Activ, *Aden, *Agenor (sh,), *Aglaia, *Airlie, *Amara, *Ancona, *Antenor, *Argyll, *Ariake Maru, *Arratoon Apcar, *Ask, *Astral, *Atagosan Maru, *Australian, *Bayern, *Belgic, *Bellona *Benalder, *Benlarig, *Benledi, *Bisagno, *Bormida, *Borneo, *Braemar, *Brindisi, *Calédonien, *Canton, *Canton, (P. & O.), *Carmarthenshire, *Catherine Apcar, *Centurion (H.M.S.), *Ceres, *Ceylon, *Changsha, *Chelydra, *Chênnan (C. C. H.), *Chihli, *China, *Ching Ping, *Chingtu, *Ching Wo, *Chi Yuen, *Chowfa, *Chowtai, *Choysang, *Chun Sang, *Chunshan, *Chusan, *City of Rio de Janeiro, *Clara, *Congo, *Cosmopolit, Daphne (H.M.S.), *Dardanus, *Decima, *Deike Rickmers, *Deucalion, *Deuteros, *Devawongse, *Diomed, *Donar, *Dordogne, *Doric, *Doyo Maru, *Ekaterinoslav (R.V.F.), *Else, *Empress of China, *Empress of India, *Empress of Japan, *Energia, *Ernest Simons, *Esmeralda, *Falkenburg, *Federation, *Formosa, *Formosa (P. & O.), *Framnes, *Frejr, *Frigga, *Fushun, *Gaelic, *Ganges, *Gerda, *Gisela, *Glenartney, *Glenavon, *Glenfalloch, *Glenturret, *Grafton (H.M.S.), *Guthrie, *Hailan, *Hailoong, *Haimun, *Haiphong, *Haitan, *Hangchow, *Hansa, *Hector, *Hertha, *Hikosan Maru, *Hinsang, *Hiogo Maru, Hiroshima Maru, Hohenzollern, *Hoihow, *Hongkong, *Hongleong, *Humber (H.M.S.), *Hupeh, *Hydaspes, *Idzumi Maru, *Independent, *Ingraban, *Irene, *Irene (H.G.M.S.), *Jacob Christensen, *Jacob Diederichsen, *Japan, *Java, *Kachidate Maru, *Kagoshima Maru, *Kaisar-I-Hind, *Kaiserinn Augusta (H.G.M.S)., *Kalgan, *Kamakura Maru, *Kanagawa Maru, *Kashing, *Keong Wai, *Kiangnan, *Kinai Maru, *Kintuck, *Kiushiu Maru, *Kongbeng, *Kostroma (R.V.F.), *Kriemhild, *Krim, *Kutsang, *Kwanglee, *Kyoto Maru, *Laurel Branch, *Letimbro, *Likin (I.M.C.C.), *Loongmoon, *Loosok, *Loyal, *L. Shepp (sh.), *Lyeemoon, *Macduff, *Machew, *Malacca, *Maria Valeria, Marquis Bacquehem, *Mathilde, *Mazagon, *Medusa, *Meefoo, *Melbourne, *Melpomene, *Memnon, *Menmuir, *Merionethshire, *Mirzapore, *Mogul, *Mongkut, *Monmouthshire, *Morven, *Mount Lebanon, *Moyune, Myrmidon, *Namoa, *Namyong, *Nanchang, *Nanshan, *Nanyang, *Nestor, *Ningchow, *Niobe, *Oanfa, *Ocampo, *Océanien, *Olympia, *Omba, *Omi Maru, *Onsang, *Oolong, *Oopack, *Orestes, *Oscarshal, *Oslo, *Pakhoi, *Pakling, *Panther, (H.A.M.S.), *Pathan, *Patroclus, *Pectan, *Peiyang, *Peru, *Petrarch, *Phra Chom Klao, *Phra Chula Chom Klao, *Phra Nang, *Phoenix (H.M.S.), *Picciola, *Pingsuey, *Poating, *Pongola, *Port Adelaide, *Poseidon, *Preussen, *Priam, *Prinz Heinrich, *Progress, *Pronto, *Queen Elizabeth (sh.), *Rainbow (H.M.S), *Ravenna, *Rohilla, *Rosetta, *Sabine *Rickmers, *Sachsen, *Sakura Maru, *Salazie, *Sarpedon, *Sendai Maru,

Square

3

89.

*Senta, *Shanghai, *Shantung, *Sherard Osborne, *Siam, *Singan, *Sishan, *Smit, *Socotra, *Spinaway (bqt.), *Store Nordiske, *Strathallan, *Suising, *Sumatra (bk.), *Sunda,* Sungkiang, *Süllberg, *Sydney, *Szechuen, *Tacoma, *Taicheong, *Taichiow, *Tailee, *Taisang, *Taiwan, *Taiyick, *Taksang, *Tancarville, *Tantalus, *Terrier, *Tetartos, *Thales, *Thames, *Thekla, *Tientsin, *Tokio Maru, *Tordenskjold, *Toyo Maru, *Trieste, *Tritos, *Triumph, *Trocas, *Tsinan, *Vega (bk.), *Verona, *Victoria, Victoria (N.P.S.S.Co.), *Vindobona, *Wakasa Maru, *Woosung, *Wosang, *Wuotan, *Yamashiro Maru, *Yamaguchi Maru, *Yarra, *Yashima (H.J.M.S.), *Yuensang, *Zafiro.

10. The entry of observations made at sea in degree squares for the area between 9° south and 45° north latitude, and between the longitude of Singapore and 180° East of Greenwich for the con- struction of trustworthy pilot charts has been continued, and 161,784 observations in all have now been entered.

Table I.

Meteorological Observations entered in 10° Squares in 1893, 1894, 1895, 1896 and 1897.

number.

Jan.

Feb. March. April.

May.

June.

July. August.

Sept.

October. Nor.

Dec.

19

1

0

0

0

0

0

5

1

20

28

11

7

25

23

10

6

8

21

22

22

26

32

41

1

10

2

22

8

3

12

28

34

25

29

10

0720

0

0

0

24

23

22

25

19

36

11

0

1

23

205

252

62

48

14

1

104

78

34

42

67

172

24

295

239

297

284

201

215

415

325

268

308

392

295

25

133

86

92

85

97

96

125

112

109

184

199

146

26

1716

1636

2201

2133

2580

2738

3063

3221

2885

2645

1863

1895

27

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

2

3

1

0

0

55

20

29

26

16

18

24

16

13

16

1

12

12

56

19

51

30

12

24

19

18

37

12

22

19

10

57

29

57

37

40

42

12

17

18

12

29

22

26

58

41

43

71

39

71

32

24

24

19

17

46

40

59

118

123

87

26

66

63

87

31

15

68

120

84

60

183

213

184

144

113

170

284

184

110

79

123

150

61

1582

1629

2214

2072

2619

3043

3255

3230

3131

2655

2124

1804

62

1377

1528

1776

1673

1906

2051

1925

1940

. 1916

1792

1456

1459

63

7

10

.9

9

12

14

6

12

8

1

3

91

9

44

23

37

11

16

17

24

21

37

54

92

10

41

32

34

12

13

11

25

6

23

58

93

7

30

30

22

0

11

1

18

18

19

10

49

94

25

34

6

29

1

12

4

8

23

15

22

19

95

61

100

53

63

57

59

21

21

47

76

46

93

96

1513

1325

1372

1379

1799

1776

1870

1739

1605

1635

1420

1408

97

649

594

742

689

817

870

814

834

835

785

771

729

98

191

126

131

168

227

340

322

321

352

270

227

228

127

99

35

66

47

29

39

54

29

30

59

82

43

128

89

46

77

61

32

57

60

34

26

76

101

63

129

99

50

95

101

52

95

62

63

38

94

137

98

130

211

167

256

195

289

326

382

337

261

270

271

278

131

314

263

305

290

375

478

445

526

399

354

326

264

132

818

659

915

1003

1427

1590

1951

1606

1497

1359

1289

845

133

0

60

57

78

95

113

55

55

70

47

13

163

80

55

74

103

119

174

189

199

136

121

72

70

164

108

98

114

158

158

248

259

251

223

184

116

105

165

128

115

108

132

210

234

294

252

246

166

142

113

166

36

43

44

42

78

64

106

47

97

69

58

45

167

6

3

16

41

74

98

71

44

28

0

168

0

0

0

0

1

2

2

5

0

199

30

28

22

44

22

28

36

23

58

28

34

31

200

11

4

3

5

0

19

5

13

1

202

0

0

5

1.

0

0

203

0

0

1

0

0

0

318

0

0

1

0

0

319

11

16

19

1

1

13

7

13

320

4

25

16

13

35

0

3

0

0

321

0

1

0

I

4

11

0

2

0

0

0

0

322

11

20

15

24

49

17

24

22

21

18

3

323

282

178

196

159

137

108

165

120

129

104

160

240

324

203

140

106

59

81

63

103

97

121

157

182

155

325

177

192

189

277

278

280

378

379

340

193

186

187.

10966 10329 12205

11883

14234 15599 17146 16356 15262 14118 12326

11360

11. As stated in the "Instructions for making Meteorological Observations, etc.", meteorological instruments forwarded by observers who regularly send their registers to the Observatory are verified

90

4

here free of cost. During the past year 7 barometers, 5 anëroids and 10 thermometers were verified. In addition, several hundred barometers and aneroids on board ship were compared with our standard. 12. The following table shows the spectroscopic rainband as observed daily at about 10 a. mean value for the year was 2.1.

Date.

Jan. Feb.

Mar.

Table II.

Rainband in 1897.

April. May. June.

July. Aug.

The

Sept.

Oct. Νοτ.

Dec.

5

2

2

1

1

1

2

1

2

2

2

222 Ni Co Thi Co C ∞ 2 O O O O O O O O O NN NN-N NOI 60 01 21 N

2

2

2

NGÂN ANH NGANG GIGA GIG1 60 60 GIGI GIỔI ỔIGGIANA

10 10 00 00 00 61 oy oy on co « co on TH TH CO co co 21 21 ON ONE ON ON N N N N ON CO O

2

2

2 2 2 2 en en el or ∞ ∞ ∞ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~N~N N N N CO ∞ ∞ ∞ co co co

3

3

2

2

3

2

3

2

3

4

3

3

3

2 2 2 2 O 2 ∞ ∞ ON CO ON CO ON ON 21 co co co co CO TH TH TH CO TH CO GO + CO 00

3

1222 CO 2 N CO 30 HOI N N N N 00 00 01 00 20 10 10 T∞ ∞ ∞ NNNN N

3

I 1

2

2

2

:

:

31,

19,

20,

21,

22,

23,

24,

25,

26,

27,

28,

29,

30,

1

1

2 23 2

2

2

2

2

2

3

2

2

1

1

2

1

1

1

2

2

3

1

3

2

3

2

3

3

3

:

Mean,......

1.7

1.9

2.1

1.9

2.6

2.8

2.3

2.7

2.1

2.2

1.5

1.5

2222-~~~ OI OI 20 N N N N N N N N 40 N N N~N~~~~~ ♡

1

3

2

2-22 N N TN N∞ O OTAQ-~~~~•~~~~~~~

1,

2,

3,

4,

5,

6,

7,

8,

9,

10,

11,

12,

13,

14,

15,

16,

17,

18,

2

13. Mr. PLUMMER observed 402 transits for time determination in 1897, and the axis of the tran- sit instrument was levelled 171 times, i.., upon each day when observations were made. The rates of the standard clocks are given in the accompanying tables (III and IV), and are compared with the rates given by the formulæ at the head of the tables. No alteration has been made to either clock during the year, and although it was found necessary to clean the contact springs of the sidereal standard clock on November 29th, this was effected without in any way interfering with the going of the clock.

The errors of the Time Ball are given in table V. The time ball has twice been under repair, namely, from March 5 to 10, when the base of the piston was found to have been shattered, and a new brass base was fixed to it by the Hongkong and Whampoa Dock Company in place of the original cast iron one; and again from July 13 to 19, when the zinc tube within the ball was found to be crumpled up and pressing against the mast. On July 7 the lock was under repair. There were five failures of the time ball in 1897, viz., on March 11 owing to an error of the workmen in centering the new brass base of the piston; on June 25, in consequence of the discharging spring being too weak; on July 6 because the tooth of the lock (being much worn) allowed the piston to jamb against the opposite side of the cylinder; on July 8, because the Assistant failed to raise the piston high enough to free the tooth of the lock; and on July 12, for the reason already given as rendering the repairs necessary on the days immediately following. The ball is not dropped on Government holidays and on one other occasion (Sunday, May 9) in consequence of the illness of two Assistants it was inter- mitted. It was successfully dropped 332 times in this year. The probable error was in January +0:33, in February ±019, in March ±016, in April ±012, in May +016, in June +013, in July ±0:09, in August ±0.13, in September ±010, in October ±0.14, in November ±016, in December +0.12.

Period.

5

Table III.

Rate of Dent Sidereal Standard Clock in 1897.

0.063 (T 70°).

-

re +1.29

Observed rate.

Temp.

T

Arc.

Calculated rate.

a

}}

3.

S.

S.

December 30-January

9,........

+1.59

66.9

2 57 30

+1.49

+0.10

January 9-

19,...

+1.26

65.5

2 54 42

+1.57

-0.31

19-

"

"

29,...

+1.63

62.9

2 59 33

+1.74

-0.11

"

29-February

8,..........

+1.52

65.2

3

0 13

+1.59

-0.07

February 8-

""

18,.......

+2.08

58.7

3

1 26

+2.00

+0.08

18-

"

"

28,....

+1.94

60.5

3

1 30

+1.89

+0.05

28-March

"

10,.........

+1.70

63.2

3

1 19

+1.72

-0.02

March

10-

"

20,..

+1.56

64.4

3

0 49

+1.65

-0.09

20-

"

30,......

+1.33

66.2

3

0 24

+1.53

-0.20

??

23

April

May

"J

30-April

19-

29-May

9.

19-

29-June

+1.41

68.5

3

1 3

+1.38

-0.03

>>

19,...

+1.46

68.6

3

1 22

+1.38

+0.08

29,

""

+1.30

71.6

3

2 33

+1.19

+0.11

9,...

+0.95

76.0

3

2 37

+0.91

+0.01

""

19,...........

+0.63

80.8

3

2 20

+0.61

+0.02

29,........

+0.61

80.6

3

2 30

+0.62

-0.01

8,......

+0.49

84.3

3

3 10

+0.39

+0.10

June

8-

??

18,........

+0.50

84.4

3

2 43

+0.39

+0.11

18-

"1

"

28,...

+0.40

83.1

3

2 51

+0.47

-0.07

"

28-July

8,.......

+0.63

79.0

3

3 15

+0.73

-0.10

July

8—

""

18,......

+0.52

83.0

3

2 37

+0.47

+0.05

18-

"

28,..

+0.45

84.7

3

3 41

+0.36

+0.09

"

28-August

7,...

......

+0.42

84.0

3

3 12

+0.41

+0.01

August

7

17,..

........

+0.33

83.5

3

2 40

+0.44

-0.11

17-

"

"

27,..

+0.46

82.4

3

2 20

+0.51

-0.05

27-September 6,........

+0.43

83.7

3

2 49

+0.43

0.00

September 6--

"

16,........

+0.44

83.8

3 18

+0.42

+0.02

16-

"

26,....

+0.61

81.5

19.

3

3 27

+0.56

+0.05

26-October

October 6-

+0.52

82.6

3

3 47

+0.50

+0.02

"

16,.

+0.70

79.2

3

نت

3 42

+0.71

-0.01

16-

""

26,...

+0.81

77.4

3

4 17

+0.82

+0.02

23

26-November. 5,...

+0.84

78.5

Co

3

4 17

+0.76

+0.08

November 5-

""

15,...

+0.79

77.9

3 4 30

+0.79

0.00

15-

25,..

""

+1.16

70.7

3 4 30

+1.25

-0.09

25-December

""

5.....

+1.77

62.4

CA

3

3 26

+1.77

0:00

December

5-

"

15,....

+1.61

65.7

3

3 23

+1.56

+0.05

>>

""

25,....

+1.80

62.0

3

3 3

+1.79

+0.01

25-January 4,...

+1.75

63.3

3 3 46

+1.71

+0.01

91

92

Period.

6

Table IV.

Rate of Brock Standard Mean Time Clock in 1897. r.— +0°.70—0°.073 (†—75°) —0′′.0020 (t*. — July 1.)

Observed rate.

To

Temp.

T

Arc.

a

Calculated rate.

Te

о

"

S.

S.

December 30-January

9,.......

+1.36

72.1

4

9 42

+1.27

+0.09

January

""

19,........

+1.39

71.2

4

7 30

+1.34

+0.05

""

19-

29-February

29,.

+1.52

68.1

4

6 18

+1.52

0.00

8.........

+1.35

70.2

4 54

+1.25

+0.10

February 8-

"

18,....

+1.81

62.7

4

6 24

+1.88

-0.07

18-

"

»

28,.

+1.70

63.2

4

3 48

+1.82

-0.12

28-March

"

10,..

+1.58

67.4

4

0 0

+1.49

+0.09

March

10-

20,.

+1.49

68.9

4

1 18

+1.37

+0.12

10-

"

""

30,....

+1.12

71.2

4 2 0

+1.18

-0.06

19

19

April

"

30-April

9-

19-

29-May

9,.......

+1.23

71.4

4

0 30

+1.14

+0.09

19,....

+1.15

72.0

4

0 24

+1.08

+0.07

""

29,....

+0.90

74.5

4

1 18

+0.78

+0.12

9,.......

+0.56

78.5

4

1 30

+0.56

0.00

May

19-

29--June

""

19,........

+0.53

82.3

4

0 24

+0.27

+0.26

19

29,

+0.51

82.1

4

1 12

+0.26

+0.25

8,..........

+0.22

85.7

4

1 18

-0.02

+0.24

""

June

"

18--

28-July

8--

18,.........

+0.17

84.2

4

1 18

+0.07

+0.10

28,

+0.02

82.6

4

0 48

+0.17

-0.15

8........

+0.13

79.4

4

0 54

+0.38

-0.25

July

8--

18,

33

-0.01

83.1

4

0 30

+0.09

-0.10

18-

28,..

-0.06

84.5

4

0 36

-0.03

-0.03

"

"

28-August

7......

-0.02

83.6

0 24

+0.01

-0.03

August 7-

""

0.00

82.7

4

0 24

+0.06

-0.06

17-

27.

-0.03

81.7

4

0 6

+0.11

-0.14

37

"

27--September 6,......

-0.10

83.1

3

59 36

-0.01

-0.09

September 6-

"

16,........

-0.09

82.7

0 21

0.00

-0.09

16-

"

26,...................

-0.03

82.1

4

1 0

+0.02

0.05

26--October

"}

6..........

-0.06

81.8

4

0 24

+0.02

0.08

October

6-

""

16,.......

+0.10

79.4

1 42

+0.18

-0.08

16-

33

"

26........

+0.12

76.8

4

1 42

+0.35

.0.23

13

26-November 5,.....

-0.02

78.5

4

2 6

+0.20

-0.22

November 5-~

""

15,....

+0.08

79.1

4

2 - 24

+0.14

-0.06

15-

"

""

25,.....

+0.48

71.9

4 48

+0.65

-0.17

25--December

19

5.......

+1.11

67.5

4

4 36

+0.95

+0.16

December

""

15,..............

+0.76

71.2

4

3 54

+0.66

+0.10

15-

25,...

"

+0.99

68.0

4

4 18

+0.87

+0.12

"

25-January 4,..

+0.72

70.2

4 5 36

+0.69

+0.03

Date.

7

Table V.

Errors of Time-Ball in 1897.

means too late.

+ means too early.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

June. May.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1

-0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

2

t

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.3

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.2

+0.2

-0.4

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.5

0.1

+0.3

38833

0.1

+0.2

0.1

0.1

+0.4

0.1

0.1

+0.5

3333

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

+0.2

+0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

+0.4

0.1

+0.3

+0.2

0.1

+0.3

-0.4

0.1

+0.3

0.1

0.1

0.1 +0.3

+0.2

0.1

+0.4

-0.3

0.1

+0.5

0.1

0.1

+0.3

+0.3

0.1

+0.4

-0.3

-0.2

+0.6

0.1

0.1

0.1

+0.3

+0.3

0.1

9

+0.6

-0.3

-0.3

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

+0.2

+0.4

0.1

10

+0.7

0.1

-0.4

+0.7

+0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

11

+0.8

-0.2

0.5

+0.3

0.1

-0.2

-0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

12 +0.9

0.1

0.1

-0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.2

+0.3

13

+1.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

14

+1.1

+0.2

+0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

15

0.1

0.1

+0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

+0.2

0.1

0.1

+0.2

16

+0.4

0.1

0.1

0.1

+0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

+0.3

17

+0.8

+0.2

0.1

0.1

-0.3

+0.3

+0.2

0.1

0:1

+0.2

+0.3

18

+0.8

+0.2

0.1

-0.3

+0.2

+0.3

-0.2

0.1

+0.3

0.1

19

-0.2 +0.2

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

-0.3

+0.2

+0.3

0.1

20 -0.2 +0.2

+0.3

0.1

0.1

+0.4

0.1

0.1

0.1

+0.2

+0.3

0.1

21

-0.2

+0.2

+0.4

0.1

0.1

+0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

+0.3

0.1

20

-0.3 +0.2

+0.7

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

+0.2

-0.2

23 -0.3 +0.3 +0.4

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

+0.2

-0.2

24

-0.4

+0.3

+0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.4

25

-0.2 +0.9

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.2

0.1

26

0.1

0.1

+0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.2

-0.3

+0.2

27

0.1

0.1

+0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.2

0.1

28

0.1

+0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.3

0.1

0.1

29

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.3

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.2

-0.2

0.1

30

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

-0.2

0.1

31

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

14. Observations for latitude by Talcott's method have been continued throughout the year and 1359 observations of pairs of stars have been observed, distributed as follows:- In January 101 pairs, in February 61 pairs, in March 7 pairs, in April 51 pairs, in May 134 pairs, in June 26 pairs, in July 144 pairs, in August 152 pairs, in September 165 pairs, in October 147 pairs, in November 230 pairs, in December 141 pairs. The relative numbers give a clear indication of the way in which the atmospheric conditions interfere with astronomical observations in Hongkong. From the 1st June till the 31st December Mr. Plummer made all the observations.

15. The cisterns of the barograph and standard barometers are placed 109 feet above M.S.L. The bulbs of the thermometers are rotated 108 feet above M.S.L., and 4 feet above the grass. The solar radiation thermometer is placed at the same height. The rim of the rain-gauge is 105 feet above M.S.L., and 21 inches above the ground.

16. The monthly Weather Reports are arranged as follows:--

Table I. exhibits the hourly readings of the barometer reduced to freezing point of water, but not to sea level, as measured (at two minutes to the hour named) from the barograins.

Tables II. and III. exhibit the temperature of the air and of evaporation as determined by aid of rotating thermometers. Table II. exhibits also the extreme temperatures reduced to rotating ther- mometer. Table III. exhibits also the solar radiation (black bulb in vacuo) maximum temperatures reduced to Kew arbitrary standard.

Table IV. exhibits the mean relative humidity in percentage of saturation and mean tension of water vapour present in the air in inches of mercury, for every hour of the day and for every day of the month, calculated by aid of Blanford's tables from the data in Tables II. and III.

Table V. exhibits the duration of sunshine expressed in hours, from half an hour before to half an hour after the hour (true time) named.

Table VI. exhibits the amount of rain (or dew) in inches registered from half an hour before to half an hour after the hour named. It exhibits also the estimated duration of rain.

93

94

8

The

Table VII. exhibits the velocity of the wind in miles and its direction in points (1—32). velocity is measured from half an hour before to half an hour after the hour named, but the direction is read off at the hour.

Table VIII. exhibits the amount (0-10), name (Howard's classification) and direction whence coming of the clouds. Where the names of upper and lower clouds are given, but only one direction this refers to the lower clouds. With regard to the names of clouds nimbus (nim) is only entered when the rain is seen to fall; when no rain is seen to fall cumulo-nimbus (cum-nim) is entered, and this name is also used to indicate clouds intermediate between cumulus and nimbus. Cumulo-stratus (cum-str) is the well known thunder cloud, and strato-cumulus (str-cum) signifies a cloud intermediate between stratus and cumulus.

Table IX. exhibits for every hour in the day the mean velocity of the wind reduced to 4 as well as 2 directions, according to strictly accurate formulæ, and also the mean direction of the wind.

Below this is printed a list of the phenomena observed.

17. The following annual Weather Report for 1897 is arranged as follows :—

Table VI. exhibits the mean values for the year (or hourly excess above this) obtained from the monthly reports. The total duration of rain was 1036 hours. There fell at least 0.01 inch of rain on 166 days.

Table VII. exhibits the number of hours during a portion of which at least 0.005 inch of rain (or dew) was registered.

Table VIII exhibits the number of days with wind from eight different points of the compass. The figures are obtained from the mean daily directions in Table VII. of the monthly reports. Days, with wind from a point equi-distant from two directions given, are counted half to one of these and half to the other, e.g., half of the days when the wind was NNE are counted as N, and the other half as NE.

Table IX. exhibits the number of days on which certain meteorological phenomena were registered, and also the total number of thunderstorms noted in the neighbourhood during the past year,

Table X. shows the frequency of clouds of different classes.

Table XI. is arranged as last year.

Table XII. exhibits the monthly and annual extremes. The extremes of humidity and vapour tension are only approximate as the hourly values are not calculated.

Table XIII. contains five-day means.

Tables XIV., XV., XVI. contain magnetic observations.

18. Observations of magnetic declination and horizontal force were made with the unifilar magnetometer Elliott Brothers, No. 55, and the dips were observed with dip-circle, Dover No. 71,

The methods adopted in making the observations and in determining and applying the corrections are explained in Appendix G. of Observations and Researches made in 1885: "On the verification of the unifilar magnetometer Elliot Brothers No. 55." The value of log 2 K was 3.44905 at 24°. The value of P was +5.818. The mean value of the magnetic moment of the vibrating needle was 0.44872 in English units and 585.84 in C.G.S. units.

The times of vibration exhibited in the table are each derived from 12 observations of the time occupied by the magnet in making 100 vibrations, corrections having been applied for rate of chronometer and arc of vibration.

The observations of horizontal force are expressed in C.G.S. units (one centimeter, one gramme, one second), but the monthly synopsis exhibits X, the horizontal, as well as Y, the vertical, and total forces, which have been computed by aid of the observed dips, and their values are also given in English units (one foot, one grain, one second) and in Gauss's units (one millimeter, one milligram, one second).

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&ci,

&c.,

&c.

W. DOBERCK,

Director.

1

Table VI.

Mean Values and Hourly Excess above the Mean of Meteorological Elements in 1897.

7 a.

8 n.

9 ส.

10 n.

11 a.

Noon,

1 p.

2 p.

3 p.

4 p.

5 p.

6 p.

7 p.

8 p.

9 p. 10 p.

11 p. Midt.

Mean or

Total.

1 a.

2 A.

3 A.

4 a.

5 a.

Pressure,

Temperature,..

Diurnal Range....

Humidity,

Vapour Tension,

+++

+.004

Ap

-.006

-.014

-.017

.012

.000

+.017 +.032

+.043 +.044

1.3

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.1

2.0

1.4 0.5

+ 0.5 + 1.4

+.034 +.016 + 2.0 + 2.4

.008 -.027 040 045 +2.6+2.6+ 2.3 + 1.8

-040 -.031 + 1.0+ 0.2

-.016

.000

0.2 0.4

+.013 +.620 0.6 0.8

+.019 +.013

29.844

1.0 1.2

71.7

...

...

...

8.3

+.011 +.006

5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 1 +.064 +.001 .003 -.004

+

0

5

7

8

.005 -.005

Sunshine (Total),

...

6.6

Rainfall, (Total),

3.705

5.025

6.260 8.640

Hours of Rain (Total),.

41

43

58

Intensity of Rain.....

0.090 0.117

0.118

53

0.163

Wind-Velocity,

0.6

0.7

T

1.0 0.7

6.185

52

0.119

1.0

7.450

47

84.6 137.5

7.890

51

6.895

46

-.007 .009 160.6 176.3

5.825

..008 .007

-.007 -.007

185.9

182.7

188.7 180.7

6

.004 .004 174.6 155.0

5

3

-.007

1

.003

$6.5 16.1

0 +

+.002 +.006

2

+ 3 + 3 +.010 +.011

+ 5+ 5

+.013

+.014 +.013

79

0.654

1745.8

...

2.485

1.995

2.710

0.159

0.155

0.150

47

0.124 0.065

38

28

33

0.087 0.082

1.1

1.3

0.6

+ 0.2 + 0.8

+ 2.0 + 1.7

Wind-Direction,

29

10

29

70

50

P

go

10°

70

+ 4° + 7°

Cloudiness,

Solar Radiation,

Excess of do. do..

+ 1

+ 3

+ 1

2.305

32

0.072 0.114 + 1.6 + 1.4 11° +13o

3

3.890

3.075

34

33

0.093 0.071

2.285

32

+ 1.3 + 1.1 +120 + 11°

3.020

28 27 0.108 0.133 +0.6 0.4 + 90 + £°

3.580

3.280 1.625

2.415

1.900

2.650

4:940 | 100.030

32

30

37

36

38

45

931

0.102

0.054

0.065

0.058

0.070

0.110

0.107

0.8

0.7

0.7

0.5

0.3

0.4

13.4

29

49

70

59

3o

E 20 S

1

3

71

124.7

48.4

Month.

January,

February,

1 a. 28. 3 a.

Table VII.

Number of Hours during a portion of which it rained for each Month in the Year 1897.

6

4 a.

5 a.

6 a.

7 a. 8 a.

9 a.

10 a.

11 a. Noon.

1 p.

2 p.

3 p. 4 p.

5 p.

6 p.

7 p.

8 p.

9 p.

10 p. 11 p. Midt Total.

4

13

12

10

5

7

8

1

NO CO A 09 C) ∞ O DI CA 19 20 00

4

6

∞∞ N∞ OT OF SIKANO A

~1~50 60 10 Oy to CN-ON

6

4

8

2

3

53

52

2

3

3

6

2

2

2

2

1

32

47

51

46 47 38

23

20 DO 1 CO ∞ A NOIN ∞ ∞ N

3

11

20 20 2014 - CO~AH co to co

2

2

~NO- 41–10 00 HN NH

1

8

∞ 001 00 00 TONNO-

9

I

2

2

2

0

0

1

1

3833

32

34

33

8888

9

QF66ANO-co

2

4

ON C∞ CO – A CO-IZN

1

2

1

4

20 A CO CT 00 — 10 00 NO

3

1

0

4

1

I

1

2

1

NION OF NOT H-ONO

0

2

0

3

6

2

3

6

KNA∞ a ∞ as ∞-ON✪

0

2

3

2

3

4124 DISCO 30 10 10 2

1403 ON KO ∞ TO CO K52

2

6

∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ON 30 ON 10 00 00 10 co

1425 ou on co co 10 20 23 55

O211 NO HO E CO ON SO

32

28

27

32

333

30 37 36 38

45

46

71

36

53

77

165

92

150

60

82

61

38

931

2400 301-12 +22

2 2 2 2 2 0 10 10 2 1 2 -

10

001 00 00 10 10 to —O4O

333

58

43

31333

March,

April,

May,

June,

July,

August,

6

September,

1

October,

6

November,

December,

0

Total,...

41

95

96

10

Table VIII.

Number of Days with Wind from sight different points of the Compass during each Month of the Year 1897.

Month.

N.

NE.

E.

SE.

S.

SW.

W.

NW.

January,

February,

March,

April,

2

4

20

2

1

6

13

1

1

1

1

1

28

2

3

3

24

May, June,

1

15

2

4

7

1

12

1

11

July,

2

6

6

11

1

August,

11

5

7

September,

2

11

5

October,

24

November,

8

12

1

December,

14

11

1

Sums,..

39

40

187

18

20

20

41

16

Table IX.

Total Number of Days on which different Meteorological Phenomena were noted and Total Number of Thunderstorms during each Month of the Year 1897.

Month.

January,

5

February,

5

6

3

March,

14

1

1

April,

9

5

May,

15

15

June,

23

21

20

8

July,

17

16

7

9

August,

18

17

12

11

September,

20

19

7

16

October,

1

1

3

November,

1

1

1

1

3

4

December,

1

3

NNACH NOT pat jad

22

:

:

Sums...

57 102

96

58

21

37

ΤΟ

22

36

24

24

2

Table X.

Total Number of Times that Clouds of different forms were observed in each Month of the Year 1897.

Month.

C.

c-str. c-cum. sm-cum.

cum. cum-str.

str.

R-cum. cum-nim.

nim.

January,

1

4

61

116

24

11

25

February,

1

22

69

61

22

37

March,

6

33

133

46

1

16

42

April,...

6

11

46

106

43

1

17

25

May,

2

33

31

170

1

13

1

7

33

June,

12

68

42

160

1

19

12

50

July,

26

66

40

200

11

...

August,

11

60

30

144

21

1

September,

23

67

30

145

10

1

October,...

9

29

56

127

16

November,.

10

27

35

106

16

December,

12

54

68

37

18632*

7

20

46

21

29

32

24

Sums,.....

2

106

383

480

1544

5

317

31

134

384

11

Table XI.

97

Mean

Diurnal

Weight of Water

RAINFALL.

Baro-

Variabi-

Vapour in

MONTH.

metric

Hourly Intensity

MEAN DIRECTION OF

CLOUDS WHENCE

COMING.

NUMBER OF DAYS

WITH

CLOUDS BELOW

Tide.

lity of

Troy

Grains in

of

Temper-each cubic

Mean.

1897.

Rain.

ature. foot of Air.

Lower.

1897.

Upper.

Cirrus.

2000 ft. 1000 ft.

January,

0.103

29.64

5.22

0.98

2.260

0.036

E 24° S W 24° S

February,

0.106

2.36

3.86

1.32

1.820

0.015

E 11°N W 27°S

:

March,

0.107

2.75

5.83

3.24

0.815

0.006

E 28° S W 29° S

April,

0.098

2.49

6.18

5.27

3.240

0.047

E 22° S W 5°S

May,

0.095

2.14

8.96

12.54

14.860

0.193

S 19° W W 29° S

June,

0.067

1.59

9.61

15.81

23.355

0.163

S 29° W N 22° W

July,

0.061

0.66

9.16

15.98

5.565

0.101

S 6° WN 34° E

:

:.

:

:..

15

9

20

12

23

16

16

8

19

15

August,.

0.068

1.16

9.53

14.85

25.550

0.197

S 12° WIN 17°E

September,.... 0.089 1.01

8.88

12.65

8.340

0.174

E 5S E 4°N

October,

0.087

1.37

7.49

5.36

6.425

0.085

E 10° N N 40°E

WSW

11

1

18

8

}

2

November,... 0.098 1.56

5.53

1.17

7.320

0.126

E 25° N W 29° S

10

December,...... 0.113 2.39

4.00

1.00

0.480

0.008

E 12° N W 49° S

Mean,...... 0.091 1.84

7.02

90.17

100.030

0.096

E 37° S

:

:

:

1-

2

157

69

Table XII.

Monthly Extremes of the Principal Meteorological Elements registered during the year 1897.

BAROMETER.

WIND

HUMI-

RADIA-

TEMPERATURE.

VAPOUR TENSION.

RAIN.

VELO-

TION.

DITY.

CITY.

MONTH.

Max. Min.

Max.

Min.

Min.

Max.

Min.

Daily Hourly Max. Max.

Sun

Max.

Max.

January,

30.267 29.706 79.2

46.7

February,

.368

.775 76.7

41.0

March,

.110

.658 82.1

54.7

April,

.083

.651 83.2

57.5

May,

29.943

.447 90.0

67.6

2 2 8 2 8

45

0.748 0.153

1.360 0.510

42

140.9

23

0.727 0.076 0.540 0.425

43

132.9

60

0.825

0.308 0.425 0.220

45

136.8

32

0.808

0.222

1.795 0.440

44

139.3

60

1.001

0.514 5.225 1.765

36

147.8

June,.

.795

.363 89.8

72.0

58

1.045

0.597 6.030 2.550

40

152.6

July,

.851

.447 90.3

74.6

54

0.983

0.548 1.755 0.615

34

150.1

August,......

.850

.288 89.2

73.1

.61

1.054

0.752

5.015

1.840

38

150.8

September,

.924

.577

91.8

72.8

41

0.954

0.485 4.005

1.720

56

153.5

October,

November,

30.023

.687 86.8

66.3

39

0.920

0.374

2.500 0.510

40

144.6

.247

.607 85.6

51.1

12

0.846 0.070

5.875 1.620

41

144.7

December,....

.312

.851

76.4

47.9

29

0,581

0.127 0.195

0.045

32

131.4

Year,.

30.368 29.288 91.8

41.0

12

1.054

0.070

6.030

2.550

56

153.5

98

12

Table XIII.

Five-Day Means of the Principal Meteorological Elements observed at Hongkong in 1897.

FIVE-DAY PERIODS.

Temper- Barometer.

Vapour

Humidity.

ature.

Tension.

Wind Velocity.

Nebulosity. Sunshine.

Rain.

January

1- 5

30.061

65.9

77

0.492

16.2

4.6

6.5

0.000

6-10

29.945

66.4

86

0.555

13.2

7.1

3.2

0.010

.11-15

.834

63.5

86

0.511

16.9

9.1

0.5

0.402

""

16-20

30.056

55.6

70

0.322

18.8

9.7

0.2

0.026

""

.21-25

.107

50.8

72

0.372

10.3

7.9

3.0

11

0.000

.26-30

29.863

66.5

86

0.568

14.9

7.5

4.2

0.011

>>

..31- 4

.951

60.2

87

0.472

12.6

9.7

1.1

0.142

"}

February

5- 9

30.053

53.3

87

0.355

13.9

10.0

0.0

0.127

.10-14

.205

50.4

55

9.211

19.4

4.8

7.0

"

0.003

15-19

.055

54.7

79

0.347

11.0

8.7

1.4

0.006

20-24

.019

53.0

83

0.336

10.8

10.0

0.1

""

0.076

.25- 1

29.887

57.5

94

0.444

21.8

9.6

1.5

0.015

>>

March

2-- 6

.973

59.1

85

0.426

20.5

8.9

1.6

0.028

7-11

.888

64.4

92

0.561

15.3

8.6

3.1

0.002

#3

.12-16

.983

59.5

87

0.441

19.3

9.6

2.4

0.012

"}

17-21

.909

61.9

"

88

0.493

19.7

9.8

0.5

0.110

")

..22-26

.911

64.0

92

0.554

20.6

10.0

0.9

0.008

.27-31

.809

71.3

94

0.723

14.4

})

8.6

4.8

0.001

April

1- 5

.890

04.8

72

0.448

18.4

8.8

3.1

0.188

6-10

.813

66.6

})

84

0.550

22.1

9.7

1.5

0.036

11-15

.885

69.5

>

90

0.653

17.9

8.2

4.2

0.015

16-20

.929

65.0

""

76

0.472

15.8

8.0

3.6

0.397

21-25

.829

73.1

"3

81

0 665

11.5

4.8

8.9

0.000

.26-30

.914

71.2

"

82

* 0.626

18.1

8.2

3.3

0.012

May

1- 5

.740

74.9

0.710

10.4

5.5

6.1

0.000

6-10

.664

77.0

:

"}

91

0.840

18.3

9.7

1.9

1.934

.11-15

.809

80.3

85

0.871

6.5

3.8

10.3

0.000

.16-20

.703

82.8

0.918

10.8

6.2

8.9

0.104

...

.21-25

.753

78.2

0.851

13.7

8.8

2.1

0.912

.26-30

.767

"}

80.4

82

0.849

10.9

4.2

8.0

0.010

.31- 4

.692

84.0

79

0.926

11.1

7.1

6.9

0.270

39

June

5- 9

.707

82.5

82

0.916

11.5

7.2

7.0

1.332

.10-14

.680

83.2

80

0.909

7.7

6.7

8.1

""

0.073

.15-19

.603

81.7

87

0.937

8.8

8.4

3.9

0.274

"J

.20-24

.509

"1

80.8

87

0.920

12.0

9.3

3.5

0.893

.25-29

.451

78.4

91

0.886

19.2

9.9

0.2

1.830

"J

..30- 4

.542

78.1

74

0.717

14.7

9.2

1.9

0.025

""

July

5- 9

.688

80.4

87

0.908

10.2

8.2

3.9

0.551

.10-14

.783

82.3

80

0.878

11.0

"J

6.1

8.7

0.134

.15-19

.720

"

83.0

76

0.860

9.6

4.0

10.6

0.121

20-24

.722

83.4

76

0.871

23

7.7

4.8

10.5

0.054

25-29

.601

83.5

79

""

0.908

10.5

6.3

6.3

0.075

.30- 3

.539

81.7

84

0.910

"

11.4

8.7

3.0

2.141

August

4- 8

.597

82.1

0.909

13.0

5.9

8.6

0.165

9-13

.469

82.8

0.948

""

13.1

9.3

2.5

0.804

.14-18

.756

77.5

91

0.861

8.0

9.9

0.4

1.530

19-23

.684

81.4

84

""

0.900

5.6

6.7

6.7

0.162

.24-28

.769

80.6

84

0.877

5.5

3.9

8.3

0.355

.29- 2

.779

81.3

83

"

0.887

5.8

4.1

7.7

0.122

September

3- 7

.700

83.2

78

0.885

6.1

4.8

10.1

0.000

8-12

.761

""

81.4

84

0.891

8.4

6.5

7.0

0.124

.13-17

.708

78.1

73

"J

0.703

18.5

8.8

2.6

0.693

18-22

.839

80.2

85

0.872

17.3

4.1

7.4

0.801

23-27

.809

81.9

78

""

0.846

9.1

3.1

9.6

0.035

October..

""

......28- 2

.752

81.3

71

0.754

11.4

4.8

8.8

0.036

3- 7

.761

78.1

75

0.721

20,5

7.6

2.6

0.847

8-12

.846

وو

78.3

82

0.800

23.5

8.6

2.5

0.265

>>

Y

13-17

.895

77.2

78

0.735

20.1

8.7

3.1

0.084

18-22

.907

76.3

71

0.648

9.9

6.5

5.9

0.000

.23-27

.902

74.2

"

69

0.588

15.4

4.8

7.2

0.018

28- 1

.884.

75.9

80

0.711

10.1

5.1

6.7

0.045

November

2- 6

.853

78.2

78

0.752

7.8

2.7

9.3

0.000

"}

CA

7-11

.885.

75.0

72

0.623

17.8

9.5

1.2

0.011

12-16

.875

76.0

76

0.686

19.8

7.6

5.5

0.157

.17-21

.917

"

65.0

80

0.493

11.7

9.6

0.7

1.236

.22-26

30.114

"

60.9

40

0.228

12.8

2.0

9.2

0.060

27- 1

"

.055

61,0

0.204

10.8

1.2

9.7

0.000

December

2- 6

.106

62.8

63

0.360

9.9

8.5

1.9

0.002

7-11

.014

64.4

70

0.430

10.0

5.2

7.8

0.000

12-16

.037

59.1

81

"

0.408

9.2

9.1

0.9

0.041

.17-21

.113

57.7

65

0.310

8.6

5.0

7.3

0.000

.22-26

.205

37

59.0

61

0.305

12.1

5.0

6.1

0.000

...27-31

.031

60.4

72

""

0.386

12.7

6.3

3.9

0.053

:

..

1897.

H.K.M.T.

13

Table XIV.

Observations and Magnetic Declination and Dip.

Declination East.

Observer.

H.K.M.T.

99

Dip North.

Needle No.

Observer.

February,

15. 4. 30

p.

16 2 32

April,

18 2 33

19 2 33

12 4 33

14 2 35

15 2 51 16 2 31

å å å å Å Å Å

0° 24′ 52"

J.I.P.

15 3h. 26m. p.

31° 38'.22

p.

25 30

""

p.

24 48

"

16 3 56 P.

38 .63 37.72

24

39

37..54

>>

23

47

12

>>

3 27 P.

36.63

22 59

37.75

>>

22 11

14

""

4 2 P.

38.79

23 23

38.82

>>

June,

14

4 34

21

51

14

"}

3 26 P.

38.25

16

2 32

p.

22 4

36.85

""

17 2 46

20 55

""

16 4 5 P.

35.07

18 3 01

22

36

35.75

""

August,

16 4 35

23 13

29

16 3 36 P.

34.60

18

2 32

22 16

36.63

"1

19 2 46

22

23

20 2 44

21

October,

18 3 14

23

53

19 4 36

24

21 2 41

23 36

22 2 53

p.

22 52

December,

13

4 26 p.

23 56

NNN N

2

15 2 30 p. 16 2 17

24

41

23 8

34 P.

23

*** *N****

18

CO

3

A

52

""

56 P.

37 .09

36.16

""

19

>>

3 36 p.

36.06

0

""

21

Co

3

59 P.

36.97 35.97 35.29

""

13 3

26 P.

35.07

59

36.25

15 3 56 p.

37.72

54

37.85

Table XV.

Observations of Horizontal Magnetic Force.

CD + 3 + GO TH CO TH 00 TH 00H 00H CO TH CO « CO THE CO TH GO TH

3

J.I.P.

4

"

17

"?

"

"}

"

""

"

"

"

""

"

"1

"1

??

17

})

"

"

"

"

3

"}

""

Date.

H.K.M.T.

Time of one Vibra- tion.

Tem- perature Log m X.

Cent.

Value of

Distance in

Tem-

H.K.M.T.

m.

Cent.

Centi- perature Deflection. Log

m

Obser-

X

er.

metres.

1897.

February,

17d. 3b. 19m. p.

3.. 6234

15°. 2.33090 586.80

174. 2h. 41m. p.

40

149.8

2° 52′ 18′′

3.20608

J.I.P.

30

6 50 10

4 10 p.

40

14 .8

2 52 46

30

6 50 40

April,

13 3 19 p.

3.6220

24 5 2.33041 585.65

13 2 47 p.

40

24 .9

2 51 06

3.20488

"

30

6 47 51

4 05 p.

40

24 .6

2 51 20

30

6 48 05

June,

16 3 25 p.

3.6369

31 .6 2.33116 586,00

15

2 50 p.

40

31 4

2 50 35

3.20464

""

30

6 46 21

4 07 p.

40

31 .0

2 50 46

30

6 46 36

August...

17 3 19 P.

3.6338

26 .4 2 33042 585.37

17

2 41 p.

40

26 .4

2 50 55

3.20444

"

30

6 47 05

4 08 p.

40

26 .4

2 50 56

30

6 47 24

October,

20 3 17 p.

3.6351

27.6 3.33065 585.53

20 2 42 p.

40

27 .2

2 50 45

3.20446

30

6 46 53

4 03 p.

40

26 .8

2 51 04

30

6 47 16

December,

14 3

11 P.

3.6293

19 .4 3.33025 585.67

14 2 38 p.

40

19 .0

2 51 40

3.20506

30

6 48 40

3 57 p.

40

19 .5

2 51 54

30

6 49 01

Table XVI.

Results of Magnetic Observations in 1897.

MAGNETIC FORCE.

Month.

Declina- tion East.

Dip North.

ENGLISH UNITS.

METRIC UNITS.

C. G. M. UNITS.

X.

Y.

Total.

X.

Y.

Total.

X.

Y.

Total.

February, April,

0° 24′ 57′′ | 31° 38′ 02′′] 7.9183

23 05 31 38 00

4.8779

9.3002

3.6510

2.2491

4.2882

7.9249

4.8818

9.3079

3.6540

2.2509

4.2917

June,..

21 52 31 36 29

7.9338

4.8825

9.3158

3.6581

2.2512

4.2954

August,..

22 26

31 36 07

7.9288

4.8782

9.3094

3.6559

2.2493

4.2924

October,

23 35

31

36 04

7.9309

4.8793

9.3117

3.6568

2.2498

4.2935

December,

23 59

31 36 43 7.9217

4.8757

9.3021

3.6526

2.2481

4.2890

0.36526 0.22481

0.36510 0.22491 0.42882 0.36540 0.22509 0.42917 0.36581 0.22512 0.42954 0.36559 0.22493 0.42924 0.36568 0.22498 0.42935 0.42890

Year,...... 0 23 19

31 36 54

7.9261

4.8792

9.3079

3.6547

2.2497

4.2917

0.36547 0.22497 0.42917

100

14

Appendix A.

THE LAW OF STORMS IN THE EASTERN SEAS.

INTRODUCTION.

The first chapter of the following paper treats of the law of storms and was first published in Hongkong in September, 1886. It was read before the British Mercantile Marine Officers' Associa- tion on the 17th May, 1893. It is now reprinted with later additions.

It is now reprinted with later additions. The second chapter treats of the management of ships in typhoons, and was originally included in the pamphlet on the law of storms. It was read as a separate lecture before the Shipmasters' Society, London, on the 16th January, 1896, and is now reprinted with a few additions. The third chapter was printed in the Government Gazette. The fourth and fifth chapters, on different classes of typhoons and on winter- typhoons in the southern part of the China Sea, appeared in "Zeitschrift für Meteorologie" in 1897.

Plate I illustrates the different classes of typhoons enumerated in § 4. Figure 1 shows how the wind blows in a typhoon as determined by aid of observations made at the Hongkong Observatory during the years 1884-87 inclusive. Figure 2 shows a typhoon in the Formosa Channel on the 21st and 22nd August, 1884. The height of the barometer is noted near the isobars. The arrows fly with the wind, whose force is given in numbers. The large arrow shows the direction in which the whole disturb- ance was progressing. Figure 3 shows a typhoon that was lying a little N of Formosa on the 17th July, 1890. The number of feathers on the arrows indicates half the wind-force, e.g., 5 feathers means force 10. Figure 4 shows a typhoon in the China Sea on the 15th November, 1891. Figure 5 one on the 20th November, 1891, that was moving towards SW. Figure 6 one on the 13th November, 1895. SI-THE TYPHOONS IN THE EASTERN SEAS.

It appears that typhoons in the China Sea originate in elongated slight depressions, which some- times lie across the Philippines as well as the China Sea, but usually exist only over the sea extending sometimes far into the Pacific. To the north of them it blows moderate NE breezes and south of them somewhat less strongly from the SW. The NE breezes reach generally only as far as northera Formosa in summer, but in autumn the NE (and farther north the NW) monsoon blows much farther north. Sometimes the SW breezes to the south of the axis of the depression are stronger than the NE breezes to the north of it, and extend apparently down to the equator and are probably a continuation of the SE trade. To the E of these depressions in the Philippines there are light S and SE breezes. Annam it probably blows from the N. In summer these depressions begin with rising pressure in the interior of China or in Japan. In autumn it seems the pressure rises slightly near the equator and SW winds extend gradually northward over the China Sea. In January and February depressions do not occur. During the rest of the year they occur about once a month on an average. During the summer months and in autumn they frequently give rise to a typhoon or a small circular depression. The trough-like depression then ceases to exist. In spring they do not alter into typhoons but cease to exist owing to the NE monsoon filling them and spreading to the southward.

The depressions have their major axes lying E and W, or ENE and WSW. Their average latitude from June to September is 17° N, later more southerly, and in November perhaps 10° N. They do not appear to move at all, and they may be traced for 3 or 4 days. The barometer is read little more than a tenth of an inch lower in the axis than along the coasts all round them. Along these coasts light winds circulate against the hands of a watch. In such depressions the weather is squally and wet, and the wind variable,-frequently in heavy squalls with great downpour of rain, but thunder is seldom heard. It appears that in such squalls S wind happens to extend itself northwards and N wind south- wards, and revolving storms are thereby generated. If this occurs in the middle of the China Sea, it is likely to give rise to a typhoon. Of course, it more often happens that a circular storm originates near the E and W end of the elongated depression as the winds there already revolve as in a rotary storm except to the W or E of the centre forming, so that the N or respectively S squalls need only gain ground on one side, but in such cases only minor circular depressions or very small typhoons are originated.

When the trough stretches from south of Hainan through the Bashee Channel right out into the Pacific to the south of Japan and the NE and SW winds on either side of it are fresh or strong, the conditions have often been mistaken for two typhoons, one in the China Sea and one to the south of Japan, before ever any typhoon was formed.

The heavy rain is, of course, not the cause of the phenomena, for the rain itself is caused by the air rising in the axis of these depressions, also the water-vapour condensing gives out heat and thus in the first instance makes the mercury rise in the barometer before a squall, but there cannot be any doubt that the quantity of water-vapour condensed to form perhaps 10 inches of rain per day, and whose pressure is thus abstracted from the barometric pressure of the air, causes the permanency of the depressions. It is different with the rainfall in the SW monsoon. That is spread over a large area and does not give rise to a low pressure in one spot surrounded by higher pressures.

It is rather difficult to say whether a depression in the China Sea, when its existence has been ascertained, is a typhoon or only a minor disturbance, but if the following signs are observed exactly as now to be explained, then it is certain to be a typhoon. A minor depression gives signs less well

marked and more confused.

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15

The earliest signs of a typhoon are clouds of the cirrus type-looking like fine hair, feathers or small pale white tufts of wool-travelling from the east or thereabout, their direction backing towards the north, a slight rise in the barometer, clear and dry but hot weather, calms or very light winds. If cirrus come from W, they prove that there is no typhoon. If they come from the S, then there may be a typhoon more than 600 miles to the southward. This fine weather lasts for days and the existence of a typhoon at a great distance is a cause of fine weather all round and contributes therefore to the safety of ships at sea, a fact that is not sufficiently appreciated by mariners.

The cirrus clouds, which frequently assume fantastic shapes, make their appearance within 1,500 miles of the centre of a typhoon. They show that water-vapour has risen about 6 miles in the atmosphere through the air rising near the centre. The barometer is generally rising beyond 600 miles of the centre, and the mean of the twenty-four hours' temperature rises in Hongkong above 81 deg. Halos round the sun and the moon, phosphorescence of the water and also glorious sunsets with grand twilight rays, appear to be frequently noticed before typhoons.

Cirrus radiate from various directions but when there is a typhoon, and the radiation is very distinct, it is usually from the same direction as the bearing of the centre.

An increasing swell in the sea is noticed from 300 to 600 miles from the centre, or farther off, but this depends greatly upon the situation of the nearest land, and particularly upon whether land intervenes between the observer and the typhoon centre. The swell arises from the heavy seas that accompany a typhoon, and form the real danger to ships, which are usually well fit to stand the force of the wind without too serious damage. As the velocity of waves in the sea is much greater than the velocity of the centre, the swell is frequently of great help in forecasting a typhoon, but it appears that the bearing of the centre is not well determined from the swell; besides the swell would indicate where the typhoon was at a certain time previous when the waves that caused the swell were raised by the wind. For instance, N of Formosa, i. e.. between the E coast of China and SW Japan there is usually a heavy E to SE swell, when a typhoon centre is approaching from SE or E, and the sea there gets very high when the centre is yet at a great distance. A heavy cross swell is a certain indication of a typhoon, except near rocky land, where cross swell may be caused by reflection of the dir et swell. The cross swell arises from the heavy confused cross seas raised by strong winds from different directions round the centre.

Within 600 miles of the centre the sky is often half overcast with cumulus, above which cirro- cumulus is seen, the sky being frequently paled by high and faint cirro-stratus. S and SW of and beyond 200 miles of the centre, thunderstorms and cumulo-stratus are seen. They may also occur to the W and E of and as close as 250 miles to the centre, but there they are rare, at least during the NE monsoon. In fact, the belief of the Chinese that where there is a thunderstorm there will be no typhoon appears to be well founded. If thunder and lightning should appear to the N of the centre, little or no rain falls at the time. The old accounts of typhoons are probably sometimes to be explained as mere thunderstorms, while on the other hand during a typhoon the noise of the wind and waves might easily be mistaken for thunder.

On approaching nearer than 500 miles to the centre, the cloudiness increases, and the mercury begins to fall slowly (seldom as much as a tenth of an inch in 24 hours) in the barometer. Then the air becomes oppressive, a slight haze is observed during the morning hours, and the sky presents a threatening and vaporous appearance. The weather is then most unhealthy and depressing. Many people find it impossible to get any sleep owing to the very high night temperature. All sorts of vermin, including snakes, spiders, beetles, and typhoon flies (dragon flies), are unusually active.

Within 300 miles (or in different typhoons between 200 and 400 miles) of the centre there is a heavy cross sea, which therefore gets up some time before, and lasts longer than the wind. Within 250 miles in front of the centre the sky becomes overcast, and the temperature falls in consequence.

Within 200 miles of the centre the temperature falls quickly, owing to the heavy roll-cumulus with which the sky is densely overcast. About this distance, just in front of the centre, the air becomes sometimes abnormally dry, and the sky at the same time presents a peculiar black and ominous appearance.

And meantime the wind has risen and blows generally with the force of a strong breeze rising to a moderate gale in the squalls. But this depends also upon the bearing of the centre, the wind being usually strongest in the right-hand semi-circle. Within 200 miles of the centre there is usually a mountainous cross sea.

Within 200 miles to the N, and within 150 miles in front of and to the S of the centre, heavy rain begins to fall, and within 60 miles (or from 60 to 150 miles) it pours down in torrents. The temperature near the centre in Hongkong is often about 78° and over the China Sea 76°, but on board ship a temperature as high as 83° has been registered, but that is very unusual.

The dimensions of different typhoons vary much and near land the strong winds are often so irregularly distributed than in a place near the centre less wind may actually be experienced than at some distance farther away from it. The approach of the centre is judged by the fall of the mercury in the barometer and by the increase in the strength of the squalls.

No conclusions can be drawn with certainty from the reading of the barometer concerning the distance of the centre. The readings differ in different typhoons occurring during the same month and are also different in different months (owing to the annual variation in monthly mean pressure). Taking the mean of several typhoons I obtained at 40 miles 29.20, at 50 miles 29.30, at 100 miles 29.40, and at 200 miles 29.50.

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The force of the wind is also different according to the dimension of the typhoon. On an average we have force 12 within 35 miles of the centre, force 11 at 50 miles, force 10 at 75 miles, force 9 at 110 miles, force 8 at 145 miles, force 7 at 180 miles, force 6 at 220 miles, and force 5 at 250 miles; but it often blows force 6 at 300 miles from the centre and then the area with strong wind is increased in proportion. Within from 2 to 15 miles of the centre the wind calms down, or nearly so, and the sky usually clears overhead, more or less, at sea (or over an island), being now covered there by only very light clouds or haze, through which the sun or the brighter stars are visible. The sea is often seen to boil like a cauldron. Its surface has been whipped into foam, and a lot of air has been caught by the waves, which escapes under the low air pressure in the bull's eye of a typhoon. The sea is as a rule moun- tainous and confused, but sometimes near land it calms down when the diameter of the calm area exceeds 20 miles. Quantities of sea-birds, and, closer to the shore, also land-birds, butterflies, and other insects cover a ship caught in the centre of a typhoon. The centre of the calm area, round which the wind circulates, does not always exactly coincide with the point where pressure is lowest, i.e., the centre of the isobars. It has been found that the calm followed some 20 miles after the lowest barometer reading, but such is not always the case, and the reverse has been suspected on more than one occasion. Very deceitful lulls occur during the raging of a typhoon. They last sometimes long enough to be mistaken for the central calm, but when the wind rises again it comes from nearly the same direction. Thus in case of typhoons moving W or NW in the China Sea in summer there is sometimes an area, some 60 or 70 miles behind or to the S of the centre, where the wind falls to a fresh or strong breeze, which again increases rapidly and even a couple of hundred miles farther away it blows stronger than over that area. The diameter of the central calm in a low latitude in summer is about 4 miles, and the sea is mountainous from all directions, but farther north or late in the year the diameter reaches sometimes from 40 to 50 miles, and the sea then often goes down together with the wind, but the character of the bull's eye is then less well defined. The weather becomes dry, though in one or two cases torrential rain has been registered within the central calm. Inland in China the bull's eye has never been observed.

At the

When the wind rises in a typhoon it blows in gusts and the mercury heaves in the barometer. When the wind has reached force 11 it blows in fierce squalls of sometimes about 10 minutes' dura- tion, while the mercury heaves up and down as much as a tenth of an inch. The mercury often gives a jump upwards as the wind begins to veer in a squall. Then it drops down and gives another upward jump as the wind comes back to nearly its old direction. During these squalls an enormous quantity of rain falls in a few minutes. The temperature falls and rises a fraction of a degree or more. The wind does not return to quite the former direction, except just in front of the centre. time when the centre is nearest, a fierce squall is usually felt, and in that squall the direction of the wind changes considerably, and the barometer begins to rise. The squalls appear to be caused by an up-and-down movement of the air. As the air comes rushing down the rain drops evaporate in the hotter stratum near the earth's surface, and owing to the increased tension of water-vapour, the barometer (after a fall caused by the cold of evaporation) begins to rise. The wind veers towards the direction of the wind above, which latter is known from the motion of the clouds. Then the air starts to rise with a deluge of rain, caused by the condensation of vapour arriving at the cooler stratum above, while the barometer (after a rise caused by the heat of condensation) drops down, owing to the cessation of the pressure of water-vapour condensed into the rain fallen, and the wind resumes the direction determined by the central depression; for the latter is so great in a typhoon and gradients so steep near the centre that subsidiary depressions have never occurred in the China Sea.

It is a fact that more damage to vessels is caused by the fearful seas than by the wind. For- tunately masters of ships are now making use of oil to calm the waves, a remedy which has been used with good effect for the last three thousand years. Thick oil is best-mineral oil is of no use---- and it should be allowed to ooze out of canvas bags half full of cotton waste and slung from the weather bow, or it may be left to ooze out of other openings, such as water-closets. It is still more effective when fired from the vessel towards approaching seas from mortars or rockets.

On shore perhaps as much damage is caused by rain as by wind; but, of course, the former adds impetus to the latter. The wind blowing from all sides into the centre raises the level of the sea there, and the sea-surface is also raised about a foot for every inch the barometer falls below its height outside of the typhoon. When this storm-wave approaches the shore near the time of high water, which somehow seems to happen rather often, it raises the sea, and is apt to cause extensive and disastrous inundations over low-lying shores, as the crests of the waves (which at sea may be 30 feet high or more) on entering shoal water may rise 60 feet or upwards above sea-level in a typhoon.

The incurvature of the wind in a typhoon depends upon the monsoon. In May, June, July, and August the angle between the wind (direction whence coming) and the bearing of the centre is 11 points in front of the centre, 10 points in the right-hand quadrant, 12 points behind the centre and 114 points in the left-hand quadrant. During September, October, and November it is 11 points in front, 11 to the right, 12 in rear, and 11 points to the left. This shows that the monsoon blows in towards the centre and combines with the cyclonic winds. It will be remarked that the wind blows across the path in front and helps a vessel to run across the path in front of the centre, keeping the wind on the starboard quarter 3 points from the stern. In rear the wind blows more straight in towards the centre, and it also blows stronger in rear than in front.

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The angle depends also upon the distance from the centre. At 25 miles it is 10 points (very uncertain), at 75 miles it is 11 points, at 125 miles it is 11 points, at 150 miles it is 112 points, at 200 miles it is 12 points, at distances greater than 300 miles the centre bears perhaps about 15 points from the wind (very uncertain).

The angle depends also to some extent upon the latitude though south of Northern Formosa the connection cannot be traced. But in 30° N the average angle is about 10 points and beyond Japan 9 points might perhaps be allowed.

These rules fail, however, near some shores if the centre is not very close. Thus there often blows a steady E gale along the S coast of China when a typhoon is crossing the China Sea. The wind blows into the China Sea through the Balingtang Channel and blows along the S coast of China from E. If the centre is passing to the southward at a distance of several hundred miles, this reminds one of the NE monsoon, but now it blows harder the lower the pressure falls, while in the NE monsoon it blows harder the higher the pressure rises. About the N entrance to the Formosa Channel,--one of the windiest places in the world-the gale blows often steadily from NE while there is a typhoon to the S moving westward. Again near the coast of Annam, the wind is likely to hang long about N. This action of the coastline in certain localities favours sometimes the birth of a typhoon, thus when the NE monsoon has set in along the S coast of China, and blows from N along the coast of Annam, the SW monsoon (deflected towards the right) is hemmed in by the Island of Palawan and forced into a more southerly direction to the W of Mindoro, and it is found that typhoon centres are formed near that locality; and also SE of Hainan in an area one side of which is exposed to strong E wind coming through the Balingtang Channel, the other to SW winds when pressure is high near the equator.

As far as Hongkong is concerned, the following table, constructed by aid of observations made here during the years 1884-1887 inclusive, gives the details. The first column shows the direction of the wind at the Observatory, the second the direction of the wind at the Peak, the third the direction whence the clouds are coming, and the fourth the bearing of the centre. The results differ from the rules given above because the centre is inland whenever its latitude is greater than that of the Obser- vatory, except far away to the NE, and as soon as the centre of a typhoon enters the mainland it begins immediately to fill, ceases to exist as a typhoon, and can be traced as only a slight depression :-

Wind

at the Peak.

Wind

Clouds.

Centre.

at the Observatory.

E by N NNE

E

E

S

NE

NE

SE

NW by N

N

N

Ε

W by N

NW by W (?)

NW by W

NE

SW by W

W by S

Wsiv

N

S by W

SE by S ESE

SW by S S by E SE by E

SW by S

NW

S

W

SE

SW

N

W

S

A Typhoon in Hong Kong.

Է

Л

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Very low clouds in a typhoon move with the wind, but if the clouds are higher they move round the centre in front and to either side, but more in towards the centre in rear. A heavy nimbus cloud passing to leeward causes heavy squalls, veering or backing regularly; and to windward it has the opposite effect. The cause of this is obvious.

The wind blows from a region where the air pressure is higher towards one where it is lower. It is, however, deflected towards the right in the northern hemisphere. The force of the wind depends upon the difference of pressure between one place and another situated in the direction where the barometric slope or gradient is greatest. The gradient is measured in hundredths of an inch per 15 nautical miles. The force of the wind corresponding to a certain gradient is greater the hotter the air is, and is different in a typhoon from what it is in the trade, owing to the path of the air particles being curved. They are almost logarithmic spirals, but somewhat different from such curves. A gradient of 0.01 corresponds to force 4, 0.02 to 6, 0.03 to 7, 0.04 to 8, 0.05 to 9, 0.06 to 91⁄2, 0.07 and 0.08 to 10. 0.09, 0.10 and 0.11 to 11, 0.12 and above this to 12. The steepest gradient usually met with is a third of an inch in 15 nautical miles. Gradients above this are rare, but sometimes they are much greater. The steepest gradient (1 inch in 15 miles) ever met with occurred in a low latitude in the Pacific. That corresponds to a wind velocity of perhaps about 160 miles per hour at sea level. Such velocities are not uncommon at an altitude of 2,000 feet in severe typhoons. Anything above 80 miles per hour is called a

hour is called a typhoon. It is seen that there is as great difference between the force of one typhoon and another as between a calm and a storm which nearly reaches typhoon force.

When a typhoon is blowing it is of great importance to have a house well shut-up. Windows and doors should be firmly locked, bolted and barred. Damage is frequently caused by shutters being out of repair. Once the wind enters a broken window, it begins to blow through and its force is then quickly felt. As long as all apertures are thoroughly shut on both sides a fearful howling and whistling is heard, the rain blows in through the smallest openings and the house may shake, but damage is seldom done. Should a fierce squall get the chance to blow into a house, the roof is often the first part to give way. It is believed that pressure falls so quickly outside that the air confined in the house bursts through the roof like an explosion, but there is no foundation for that belief; it is more likely that a fierce squall would break through the windows and doors and through the roof as well. But if any fear is entertained of the air being confined inside, it is merely necessary to leave the chimneys open so that pressure inside will be nearly the same as on the outside.

In many typhoons the barometer, reduced to the temperature of freezing water and to sea-level, does not fall below 28.80 inches. In others it falls as low as 28.50. Lower readings are rare, but sometimes it falls much lower.

No typhoon ever stands still. As soon as it is formed, it is carried forward by the prevailing wind. That is why the isobars are elongated, except near the centre where the force of the prevail- ing wind is of no account. The isobars could be circular only in a stationary typhoon. That is also why typhoons move so as to keep the areas of high barometer on their right, and so as to recede from areas where the barometer is high, and so as to approach low-pressure areas. Most of the typhoons that originate in the Pacific to the East of the Philippines or Formosa move Westward at first, then NW, then N., then they recurve to the NE, and beyond Japan they move Eastward. That is under the influence of the high-pressure area in the Northern Pacific, which they rotate around in the same direction as the hands of a watch. When there are two typhoons about at the same time, they rotate round each other in the opposite direction, that is, abstracting from the influence of the high-pressure areas, which may cause them to move somewhat differently from this simple rule. In the China Sea there is sometimes a low-pressure channel between high pressures in China and in the Southern part of the China Sea. A typhoon in the Pacific at such times is attracted towards the China Sea and passes along the low-pressure channel, because the winds blowing to either side of this channel agree with the winds round the centre of a typhoon, and they move according to the principle of least action. During the typhoon season typhoons follow each other quickly, and there are often several at one time raging in different parts of the Far East. Then they cease, and there are none maybe for several weeks; but during the height of the season in August and September that is most unusual.

As explained above, the paths of typhoons in the Pacific look often like parabolas, but those in the China Sea are quite different and the difference must be due to the distribution and land and sea. The latter do not as a rule recurve, i.e., move North-eastward after having moved North-westward and Northward. Some of them, in fact, disappear in the China Sea after turning to the SW. Others recurve between 20 deg. N and 40 deg. Ñ, and between 115 deg. E and 130 deg. E. The Middle Dog lighthouse at the Northern entrance to the Formosa Channel is the centre of the region of recur-

Curved lines drawn on a map through places from which the same height (corrected and reduced) of the barometer is reported or between those that report a slightly higher and lower pressure are called isobars. The gradient lies at a right-angle to the isobar. These are the most important elements for forecasting the weather. The curvature of isobars indicates the existence of depressions beyond the area where the telegraphic reporting stations are situated, but it is of course impossible to lay down the centre accurately from such data, e.g., while over the sea its position and motion can only be guessed at, not known with certainty.

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vature, if the typhoons that recurve in the China Sea are not taken into account. A vessel having experienced a typhoon is not likely to fall in with it again after it has recurved, but it happens to vessels in the Pacific, especially to such as have suffered damage and been carried all round the centre when they first met the typhoon.

Typhoons cease to exist, except as minor depressions, as soon as the centre enters the mainland. The centres of different typhoons often enter the coast in the same place: where it is low, as for instance, the Lien-chau peninsula; near Huilingsan; the Canton river, etc. The typhoons originate during squalls in hot and damp places near sea-level and over the sea. Storins in N China originate higher up in the air on the mainland across which they move, and they do not appear to increase in strength so quickly as the typhoons, when the centre reaches the sea. Islands-even Formosa with its high mountains-do not affect a typhoon's path much though they tend to break the typhoon up, to some extent, as is particularly noticeable in case of typhoons remaining long over the southern Philippines or crossing Formosa moving from S towards N. On the contrary, open channels such as the Balingtang Channel, the Formosa and Korea Channels, have much greater effect on the path. It has already been remarked that the progression of a typhoon is the effect of the wind prevailing at the time at or near the earth's surface. Now, the wind rushes with such force through open channels, with more or less high mountains on both sides, as to deflect the typhoons and accelerate their speed. This is sometimes seen in the China Sea, when the centre of a typhoon is moving slowly northwards. As soon as the centre approaches the latitude of the Balingtang Channel, the centre bends its way suddenly to the Westward, and rushes towards Hainan perhaps thrice as quickly as it moved before. Typhoons entering the Formosa Channel and at times the Korea Channel are deflected to the West- ward and have their speed accelerated by the strong NE winds in those Channels. As long as the SW monsoon is strong, the typhoons move in some Northerly direction.

direction. It is only late in the year when the NE monsoon happens to blow very fresh that typhoons move South-westward in the China Sea.

E

29.80

*

N

9

10

6

10

5

29.50

7

2930

29.40

5

7

K

10/

9

6

10

E

10

2

Typhoon in the Formosa Channel

1884 August 21-22.

106

W

ཨ་ཞགས་

20

جر

N

K

363

068

563

E

L

100 miles

Typhoon of July 17

1890

The average rate of

rate of progress of the centre of a typhoon in 11 deg. latitude is 5 miles an hour. In 13 deg. it is 63. In 15 deg. it is 8. In 20 deg. it is 9. In 25 it is 11. In 30 deg. it is 14, and in 32 it is 17 miles an hour. South of 13 deg. the speed does not vary perceptibly, so it is useful for mariners to know it, but it is more variable the farther north you go. In 324 deg. N it ranges from 6 to 36 miles an hour, so that you cannot be sure that a typhoon encountered there will travel at anything like the average rate of speed. We have not traced the centre of a typhoon nearer to the Equator than about 9 deg. N. But a very slightly falling barometer, a squally SW wind, a lumpy sea, and some swell, may at times be traced nearly all the way down to the Equator.

The prevailing wind not only carries the centre along with it, but combines with the rotary storm, causing the wind in the right-hand (the dangerous) semi-circle to be stronger and to blow more nearly round the centre than in the left-hand (the manageable) semi-circle, where the wind is more moderate and blows with greater incurvature towards the centre. It also causes the wind to blow nearly straight in towards the centre behind the typhoon and to blow more across the path in front of the centre. It also makes the weather heavier after the centre is past than it was while the centre was approaching.

Less than half a mile up in the air the incurvature of the wind towards the centre disappears in the average of the different quadrants, but it still blows in towards the centre in the rear.

It is really the wind at this altitude that carries the typhoon along, for late in autumn there are every year typhoons that move along against the NE monsoon, but we know that that monsoon is at times very shallow and there is SW wind above it. These typhoons disappear sometimes suddenly; evidently when the NE monsoon increases in depth and intensity.

At a still higher level the air, which has been carried in towards the centre and raised over the area where it is raining, blows away from the centre, and as the friction of air against air under low pressure is insignificant, it sometimes rushes away with such speed as to cause the upper air to be sucked down into the central calm. This is the reason why the sky clears over the bull's-eye.

N

Typhoons originating in the Pacific in a low latitude (say 13 deg. ) are very small and very fierce. The isobars are nearly circular, as the centre moves very slowly, and the incurvature is 45 deg. in all directions; but there is this important difference between a typhoon and a tornado-that the latter is taller than it is broad, whereas the former forms a flat disc. As typhoons reach a higher latitude their dimensions become greater, the violence of the wind near the centre abates, and then there is nothing to distinguish them from storms originating in northern latitudes. This makes it most unlikely that the latter originate from causes at all different from those which give rise to a typhoon.

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§ 2.-HOW TO MANAGE YOUR SHIP IN A TYPHOON.

Long before the nature of hurricanes was understood it had been remarked by mariners that it was safer to heave to in a storm than to run, but the reason of that was not apparent. When the law of storms was first discovered it did not all at once mend matters, for, according to the old eight-point rule, all you had to do when a typhoon approached was to run with the wind on the star-board beam under as much canvas as your ship could carry, except when on the path right in front and the centre moved quicker than the vessel. That should have taken you out of the neigh- bourhood of bad weather, but it did not always do so, and since typhoons have been investigated, we know that the wind never blows round the centre in a circle, and that the eight-point rule, laid down by Redfield, Reid, Thom, and Piddington, is very far from the truth, It is just as much out as Espy's rule, according to which the wind blows always straight towards the centre. Accor.ling to the twelve-point rule, which I have proved to obtain in typhoons (see "Observations and Researches made at the Hongkong Observatory in 1885") you must still run on the starboard tack, but you must keep the wind only four points from the stem. A steamer can do so easily enough, but it is not possible to keep a vessel going ahead under square sails nearer than about six points to the wind. She therefore cannot within two points run straight away from the centre and her risk is much greater than it would be if the old rule had proved true. The twelve-point rule may be stated as follows:-Stand with your back to the wind and you will have the centre on your left and about four-points in front of your left-hand. It appears that a ten-point rule obtains in about 30 degrees latitude and a sailing vessel can then just manage to steer, full and by, a course that will take her straight away from the centre; but in a tropical hurricane we see that the danger is much greater even if the force of the wind were not stronger.

The force of the wind and the appearance of the weather do not furnish a trustworthy guide to determine the distance of the centre of a typhoon. The dimensions are different in almost all typhoons, and near land the strong winds are often so irregularly distributed that in a place near the centre less wind may actually be experienced than at some distance farther away from it. In such cases the approach of the centre is judged of by the fall of the mercury in the barometer. But on the high sea the increase or decrease in the strength of the squalls, and the state of the weather and sea, enable the approach of the centre to be known, and this, together with its direction which is known from the direction of the wind and perhaps also from the clouds, enables the master of a vessel at sea to lay down the path of the typhoon, with reference to his vessel, with more or less accuracy. The great difficulty is, that the typhoon may be increasing or decreasing in violence and the barometric depression getting steeper or filling up. To the eastward of the Philippines and near their western shores the former is likely to take place, while the latter would probably happen near the western shores of the China Sea. In such cases it may become more or less impossible for a seaman to know how the centre moves, except in so far as he can judge by published paths of previous typhoons.

Once the bearing of the centre has been ascertained from the direction of the wind, you require to know in which semi-circle your vessel is situated: if in the right-hand semi-circle the wind will veer, ..., shift with the sun, and in the left-hand semi-circle it will back, i.e., shift in the opposite direction. But this rule fails if your vessel is moving with the typhoon and quicker than the centre is moving. Then the rule may be reversed. Masters of vessels are therefore advised to heave to early and observe how the barometer behaves and how the wind changes; but it is so dangerous to lose any time in a storm that carries you into the centre, that this should not be done except when absolutely necessary. You may happen to be right in front of the centre and lose your chance of getting out of its track. Here it is that a knowledge of the paths of past typhoons such as have been annually published from this Observatory during the past fourteen years, becomes so useful. That may enable you to know at once in which semi-circle your vessel is situated, e.g., with NE wind in the China Sea you are pretty certain to be in the right-hand semi-circle. The wind shifts faster the nearer the centre you are, but the direction of the sea does not change so fast as the wind. If the bull's eye

of the typhoon overtakes your vessel, the wind bursts again from the opposite quarter, and with perhaps greater violence than before, that is, when the centre is past. Very deceitful lulls occur during the raging of a typhoon and last sometimes long enough to be mistaken for the central calm, but in such a case the wind bursts again from about the saine direction as before.

The rate at which the barometer falls depends upon your approach to the centre, and in con- sequence upon the rate at which the latter is travelling. You cannot therefore safely draw conclusions concerning the amount of wind to be expected from the rate at which the barometer is falling, but to some extent that may be done. Remember that at sea when the barometer has fallen to the lowest point and is beginning to rise again, you may expect as much, if not more, bad weather than you have already gone through although it will be, on the whole, improving.

The right-hand semi-circle is called the dangerous semi-circle; there you are carried not only in towards the centre, but also towards the path in front of the centre; besides, the force of the wind is greatest in the right-hand semi-circle, but fortunately the wind usually veers in the squalls in the same direction as it veers with the progress of the typhoon. Here you must make up your mind at

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once which of the following courses open to you you will choose :-Either heave to on the starboard tack (if there is no chance of the centre approaching too near) which will allow your ship to come up to the wind and not be taken aback; or (if in the front quadrant of the dangerous semi-circle) run across the path in front of the centre into the left-hand semi-circle. The incurvature of the wind is less in front of the centre than behind (except in some exceptional case when a typhoon is moving against the monsoon). That helps you to cross the path, and you can run with the wind on the starboard quarter, three points from the stern. If you are within a point, or even two, of the path of the centre, it is generally quite impossible to know in which semi-circle you are, as the wind does not change much, and such change as there is takes place very often in a misleading way. In that case it is decidedly wrong to heave to. Run at once. It may, of course, also happen that you can run close- hauled on the starboard tack if that shortens your voyage and if you have reason to think that the centre will not come down on you.

The left-hand semi-circle is called the manageable or the navigable semi-circle. Here you are carried more straight into the centre, but at the same time the wind carries you towards the path behind the centre, where the danger. is less, and moreover the force of the wind is not so great in the manageable as in the dangerous semi-circle. On the other hand, the wind does not always change in the same direction as the squalls. In this semi-circle you can run close-hauled with the wind on the starboard tack, but must heave to on the port tack, so as not to be taken aback when the wind backs. Therefore you cannot run so long in this as in the other semi-circle, or you may not be able to wear your ship, and when you heave to on the wrong tack, you run great risk of being dismasted or having your vessel thrown on her beam ends, when you may have to cut away the masts to right her, although they may not go clean overboard. They will not do so unless all the shrouds and ropes were cut before the mast went, and your vessel may have her bottom stove in when she clears them after they have gone overboard and she is drifting to leeward. A dismasted ship is carried round the typhoon and into the centre in a spiral course. Many a sailer has been lost through being on the wrong tack in a typhoon and, as explained above, you have not always the means of knowing with certainty which tack to choose.

All this is on the supposition that you have ample sea-room, so much the more as your dead reckoning may be very much out when navigating in a typhoon. Sometimes a master does not know where he is within a hundred miles. It is no unusual thing for a vessel caught in a typhoon in the China Sea, where dangerous shoals abound, to be carried sixty miles out of her course before it is possible to take sights. Lee-way, strong currents, and uncompensated heeling errors account for that. Heave the lead as often as possible.

When running to the southward across the path of a typhoon moving westward, you will most likely be to the eastward of your dead reckoning from the effect of uncompensated heeling error, but this is not always so. If the permanent magnetism of your ship has been properly corrected by permanent magnets, including a vertical magnet to correct the permanent vertical magnetism, and if the induced horizontal magnetism has been corrected by Airy's soft iron balls, and if the induced vertical magnetism has been corrected by a Flinders' bar, then the heeling error ought to be nearly insensible. But, on the other hand, if the semi-circular deviation arising from induced magnetism has been corrected by permanent magnets, then the heeling error may be considerable, say, one point, which may carry you as much as 40 miles out of your dead reckoning in a day. When on the magnetic equator, where there is no vertical force, you should always adjust your permanent magnets. It is better to remove Flinders' bar while that is being done, as it may chance to interfere somewhat by acting as a short horizontal soft iron bar.

When hove to on the proper tack you should, if you are on board a steamer, keep the engines going ahead dead slow and use oil to calm the sea and prevent it from breaking on board. A small steamer, with insufficient engine power, may resort to a home-made deep-sea anchor. A steamer sometimes rides most easily when stem straight on towards the sea, a position by all means to be avoided by a sailer, who must be kept four points from the wind. Some mariners are in the habit of heaving to stern to wind and sea, or even lashing the helin amidship and allowing the ship to select its own position: that will not do in a typhoon, where a vessel so handled would quickly be carried in towards the centre.

A great deal now depends upon how you are laden. Much has been said against overloading, but quite as many vessels have been lost for lack of ballast or from shifting ballast, as from overloading. A heavy roller might possibly even be safer than a vessel that keeps very steady from having its centre of gravity high up near the metacentre and consequently little stability. With regard to trim, a vessel behaves usually best on even keel. If she is down by the head she steers badly, and if she is down by the stern, the wind and sea may throw her head off to leeward. A vessel with a hurrican deck has a great advantage over those with solid bulwarks. If in soundings, and she will not come up otherwise, you must clubhaul her, in order to get her head to wind, but it should be sufficient to pay out a hundred fathoms of chain or upwards in order to prevent her from falling off into the trough of the sea. A sailing vessel may when drifting before the wind pay out a long hawser astern but it would be dangerous to try that on board most screw-propelled steamers, as the hawser might foul

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the screw, when the vessel is pitching in a high sea. When a typhoon is blowing you can not set the spanker to get her up, as the sails are usually blown clean out of the gaskets. Extra strong storm- staysails are carried till they blow away, in order to steady the ship. A sailer usually behaves better than a steamer, as even under bare poles she has enough tackle aloft to offer resistance to the wind and keep her bows out of the water. Should the masts go overboard, a sailer, in proper trim, has still a better chance than a steamer, when her deck is swept by the seas, as the hatches may be more easily kept battened down than on board a steamer with its engine-room skylights, etc., but the way of battening down hatches leaves much to be desired. In 1886 I suggested that they should be screwed down like the covers of the portholes, and you ought not to trust to wedges or even to chains. Lately this suggestion has been taken up, at the Shipmasters' Society, London. Any vessel labouring in a mountainous cross sea near the centre of a typhoon is, however, in a most helpless condition. By that time there is nothing further to be done. It must therefore be your aim to avoid that contingency.

The most dangerous typhoons have been encountered in the Pacific in a low latitude, say 12o, and 130° or 140° longitude. They are so small there and move so slowly that it ought to be easy to avoid them on board a steamer. They move WNW-ward, and you are safest to the SE-ward of them. You can see such a typhoon coming up in the shape of an arch, at first perhaps whitish in appearance, but soon developing into a dark and threatening cloud. Its dark appearance and the extreme slow- ness of its motion,-in fact it does not appear to move at all,-distinguishes it from an arched squall, which is moreover often brighter in the centre. If the direction of the notion of the clouds in it is seen to be nearly perpendicular to the bearing of the top of the arch, then there is no doubt that it is a typhoon. Even in Hongkong I have seen a typhoon approach like that.

If after leaving Singapore bound for Hongkong in the SW, monsoon. you find that the barometer falls more than it ought to, the monsoon begins to freshen in squalls, and you notice a cross swell, a lumpy sea, and other signs of a typhoon, then you ought to shape your course to the south-eastward, so as to sail round the centre and benefit by the favourable SE wind behind the centre. But if the season is late in the year, you had better make sure that it is not travelling south-westward, in which case you may be overtaken by the cyclone. Such typhoons are often the cause of high seas in the Gulf of Siam, but as their progressive motion is usually slow, you can "heave to

"heave to" in order to make observations without losing ground perceptibly. Up to within the last few years steamers often kept their course and travelled from the navigable into the dangerous semi-circle, where they suffered great damage and delay. But that happens seldom now.

If after leaving Hongkong bound for a northern port you fall in with a typhoon coming through the Bashee Channel, and moving NW-ward into the Formosa Channel, you ought to run to the south- ward, and if bound for Yokohama you may afterwards shape a northern course along the east coast of Formosa, where the Kuro Siwo current occasionally sets fast towards the NE. As the typhoons are nearly always moving northwards you are usually safest to the S or rather SE of the centre.

Ships between Foochow and Ningpo are liable to experience the NW gales that precede a typhoon travelling westward and about to strike the coast in that neighbourhood. If you do not like to expose your vessel to the high confused seas round northern Formosa, you should run into shelter early, and wait there till the barometer rises and the weather improves and the tile allows you to get out again.

Between Shanghai and Japan you are liable to fall in with a typhoon travelling in any direction between WNW, N and E. You are therefore safest to the S of the centre, but that may be in the dan- gerous semi-circle and the wind is strongest there. North of this latitude you would prefer to be W of the centre. Near Japan most typhoons move NE-ward. They generally travel quickly and do not give so long warning as further south. In these typhoons you cannot know in which semi-circle you are till the wind shifts. They are as a rule not so violent as within the Tropics, though sometimes they are just as bad, but the incurvature is not so great.

You all know that though typhoons are dangerous on the open sea, they are still more to be feared in open anchorages and near lee shores, such as in Formosa, where you must be ready to run to sea at very short notice, as you could not lie there with any chance of riding out a typhoon, except in the inner harbour of Takow. When you then experience a N gale and a falling barometer, by far the surest signs of an approaching typhoon, and appearances quickly get worse, you must run to the SW with the N gale and bring your ship into a most dangerous position in front of the centre (unless there is time to cross the path) rather than remain at an unsafe anchorage. When at anchor up against a lee shore there is not only danger of being thrown on the shore, but also danger of going down at your moorings. The waves running into shoal water are at first very much increased in height, the slope along the wave-front gets steeper, and when in the hollow of a wave that may be forty feet below the crest, there is a chance of having the bottom knocked out of a vessel, except when the ground is soft mud. Waves on the open sea do not exceed thirty feet in height, measured from crest to hollow, but still it is not known how high they rise in a cross sea near the centre of a typhoon.

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A knowledge of typhoons and their paths is often required when you have to decide whether to remain at your moorings or to slip your cable and run: for instance a vessel between Hongkong and Swatow in an anchorage sheltered against N and E winds will be safe while a typhoon is moving from E to W across the China Sea, but should the centre move northwards the vessel might be thrown on a lee shore when the wind backs through W to S.

A steamer at anchor, when a typhoon is approaching, should get up steam and a sailer should, if possible, take down the top masts as soon as it blows a fresh breeze in the squalls. With reference to a sailing vessel the time when to begin striking the top masts must, of course, depend upon the extent to which she is undermanned. Striking the masts increases the rolling. A sheltered anchorage must be selected, and when the centre passes very near, the berth may have to be changed to the other shore before the wind shifts to the opposite quarter, but along the China coast it does not blow so hard after the centre has entered the mainland as before. A vessel moored by single anchor will swing with the sun in the right-hand semi-circle, and against the sun in the left-hand semi-circle. If two anchors are dropped, the anchor on the advancing how should be let go first. Therefore a vessel in the right-hand semi-circle should first drop her port, and afterwards her starboard anchor, so as to ride with open hawse, and a vessel in the left-hand semi-circle should first drop her starboard anchor. But now it is usual to ride to a single anchor with a scope as long as possible,—over a hundred fathoms should be paid out,-as the strain on two cables at a great angle is more or less increased, and very irregular owing to the labouring of the vessel in the high sea. A second anchor is paid out in line. with the first to veer upon if the first should not hold, and a third anchor is kept ready. A vessel depending upon a single anchor, or upon two anchors dropped at an angle, may go ashore if a link should break. The engines can be kept going ahead dead slow unless the steamer is too light, so as to relieve the anchors, but as this increases the irregularity of the strain, you had better stand by, so as to start the engines whenever necessary. Shallow river boats pay out cables on either side so as to help the vessel to keep upright, but at the same time they must have a single anchor paid out ahead to ride to, for no cable at a great angle could stand the strain caused by a typhoon.

A vessel in ballast steaming ahead dead slow may at times entirely relieve the strain on the cables and then fall off into the trough of the sea. Should then a squall strike her broadside, she is pretty sure to drag her anchors or even break a link in her cable and go ashore. It is therefore of no use turning the propeller slowly if she is light, and especially not if she is down by the stern, as it only increases the yawing and dragging,

With reference to typhoon anchorages in China beginning with Hainan, we have Backli bay (19° 7′ N. 108° 39′ E.) with shelter against winds between NNE. and S. only. It is not a very good har- bour, and the natives are not to be trusted. In southern Hainan we have Yulinkan bay 18° 12′, 109° 33′), an excellent typhoon harbour in case the centre is to the S. of Hainan, as often happens. Gaalong bay (18° 13', 109° 34') may also be used. Maniu harbour (19° 57', 109° 52′) can be used when the centre is to the north of Hainan. Hunghom bay (20° 17', 110° 23') is shallow and is not often used except when no better place is within reach. Hui-ling-san (21° 34′, 111° 47′) and Namo harbour (21° 35′, 112° 34',) are available between Hainan and Hongkong. Near Hongkong is the excellent harbour by Saint John's Island (21° 40′, 112° 42',) which is cominonly used. Vessels of great draught anchor to the S. of the position given. Tougku harbour (22° 35′, 113° 55') is used in case of typhoons crossing the China Sea. It offers no shelter against W. winds. This is at the mouth of the Canton River. Higher up the river ships anchor under the Bogue forts although typhoon centres pass over that spot, but then it does not blow so hard as out at sea, when the centre is inland. Inside the Capsingmoon pass to the W. of Mahwan is shelter against typhoons, but Chingwan bay (22° 22′, 114° 6) is one of the best harbours in China. In consequence it is too crowded during a typhoon. To the NW. of Stonecutter's Island (22° 20′ 114° 8') launches find shelter. Tytam bay to the S. of Hongkong is an excellent harbour. Deep bay (22° 17', 114° 16′) gives better shelter than Kowloon bay (22° 181, 114° 13′) but some vessels prefer the latter as the storm-siguals can be seen from there. A position between Taipintong and the Channel Rocks makes the best anchorage. Mirs bay (22° 33', 114° 27') under Pengchau offers shelter to vessels bound for Hongkong from a northern port. Between Mirs bay and Swatow there are no very good typhoon harbours, but shelter may be found against NE. winds. By Namoa Island (23° 28', 116° 57′) is excellent anchorage. Tongsang har- bour (23° 47′, 117° 35') is much used, and also Amoy harbour. Makung harbour (23° 32′, 119° 33') by the Pescadores is excellent. In Pihquan harbour (27° 10′, 120° 31') there is good shelter against NE. winds to vessels under 15 feet draught. The Haitan Straits (25° 26', 119° 44′) are very much used. There are several anchorages round Chusan. In Luzon there is an anchorage at the entrance to Manila bay, N. of Corregidor Island (14° 25', 120° 33′). On the S. coast of Mindoro we have Garza bay (12° 13′, 121° 11′).

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§ 3.-WEATHER-FORECASTS AND STORM-WARNINGS ISSUED FROM

THE HONGKONG OBSERVATORY.

WEATHER-FORECASTS AND STORM-WARNINGS.

METEOROLOGICAL SIGNALS.

:

Meteorological Signals are hoisted on the Mast beside the Time-Ball at Kowloon Point for the information of Masters of Vessels leaving the Port. They do not imply that bad weather is expected

here.

A DRUM

A BALL

Indicates a Typhoon to the East of the Colony.

Indicates a Typhoon to the West of the Colony.

A CONE

A CONE

Point Upwards indicates a Typhoon to the North of the Colony. Point Downwards indicates a Typhoon to the South of the Colony.

RED SIGNALS indicate that the Centre is believed to be more than 300 miles away from the Colony.

BLACK SIGNALS indicate that the Centre is believed to be less than 300 miles away from the Colony.

NIGHT SIGNALS.

TWO LANTERNS Hoisted Vertically indicate bad weather in the Colony and that the wind is expected to veer.

TWO LANTERNS Hoisted Horizontally indicate bad weather in the Colony and that the wind is expected to back.

The Signals are repeated on the Flagstaff of the Godown Company at Kowloon, and also, by day only, at the Harbour Office and on H. M.'s Receiving Ship.

LOCAL STORM-WARNINGS.

The Colony itself is warned of approaching Typhoons by means of the TYPHOON-GUN placed at the foot of the Mast, which is fired whenever a strong gale of wind is expected to blow here.

NOTICE BOArds.

Observations made at 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. are exhibited shortly after 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. on Notice Boards placed at the Eastern Extension, Australasia and China Telegraph Company's Offices, at Peddar's Wharf, at the Harbour Office, and at the Office of the Kowloon Godown Company.

Weather-forecasts and Storm-warnings are exhibited daily about 11 a.m. and also at other hours, day and night, whenever necessary while Typhoons are raging in the Far East.

The China Coast Meteorological Register is exhibited about Noon (Sundays and Government Holidays excepted).

THE LAW Of Storms.

Further information concerning the weather to be expected while signals are hoisted, and sailing directions, are given in "The Law of Storms in the Eastern Seas."

Shipmasters may obtain by telegraph the latest information as to weather at any station reporting to this Observatory by payment for a reply of at least ten words (ie., twelve words including the address). Application may also be made for similar information to be telegraphed on some future specified day.

When the red drum is hoisted the weather is generally fine in Hongkong, and settled fine if the centre moves northward, so that this signal does not by any means imply bad weather here. Steamers bound for northern, western or southern ports should then lose no time in starting, as they may expect more or less fine weather. Those bound for the Philippines should take precautions to avoid the cyclone as explained above. Sailing vessels bound for western or southern ports should lose no time in starting, but those that are bound for the north or east ought to remain in the harbour awaiting information, as they may expect to fall in with calms or contrary breezes after starting, even should the wind be westerly here at the time.

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More or less persistent SW winds, at times accompanied by thunderstorms, may be expected. when the red cone pointing upwards is hoisted, and ships leaving the port are not likely to run any risk from the typhoon. Sailing vessels bound for the north should start as soon as possible so as to benefit by the southerly breezes to run through the Formosa Channel, and avoid the way round Formosa. By following the latter route a sailer, moreover, runs the risk of falling in with the next typhoon east of Formosa, particularly during the months of August and September.

A cone pointing downwards usually implies fresh E veering to SE winds in Hongkong. As such a typhoon may travel N and NE, the master of a vessel desirous of avoiding bad weather should consult the latest weather-intelligence or remain in port till the barometer rises. Then the danger is past.

When a ball is hoisted ships starting for northern, eastern, or southern ports may expect breezes from Eround to S and SW. Those starting for western ports run no risk as long as the glass continues to rise. Should it ever happen to fall: heave to and, if necessary, take refuge in a typhoon anchorage such as Saint John's harbour.

Mr. FIGG has analysed his weather-forecasts for 1896 with the following results:-

The results for wind direction, force, and weather are treated separately in the first instance. The forecast wind direction is considered successful if the wind at Gap Rock blows the greater part of the 24 hours from a direction that does not differ more than 45° from the forecast (93 % were successful). Forecast wind force: "light," is successful if the mean force registered at Gap Rock is a light breeze, or if the wind force does not reach the force of a moderate breeze; "moderate," if the meau is a moderate breeze, or if the wind force exceeds a light breeze and falls short of a strong breeze; "fresh," if the mean is a fresh breeze, or if the wind force exceeds a gentle breeze and falls short of a moderate gale; "strong," if the mean is a strong breeze, or if the wind force exceeds a moderate breeze and falls short of a fresh gale; "gale," if it blows more than 40 miles per hour at Gap Rock (93 % were successful).

The weather is successful when "fine" is forecast if the mean amount of clouds is below 7-tenths of the whole sky, if sunshine or starlight prevails, and when it does not rain more than one hour out of twenty-four; when "fair, cloudy," if the amount of clouds exceeds 3-tenths and it does not rain more than one hour; when "showery," if it rains at intervals and is fair at intervals; when "wet, rainy if it rains more than 4 hours (77% were successful). Counting days on which all three elements were correctly forecast as success, those when two elements were justified and one failed as "partial success," those when one element was justified and two failed as "partial failure." and those when all elements failed as "total failure," we have :-

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Success 67 %, partial success 30 %, partial failure 2 %, total failure 1 %.

Following the method used in meteorological offices and taking the sum of total and partial success as a measure of success, and the sum of total and partial failure as a measure of failure, we find finally that :-

97% of the weather-forecasts were successful.

The amount of success attached to the firing of the typhoon gun to in licate local gales has been determined according to the method adopted at meteorological offices at home. According to this method of counting, the storm-signal is justified if followed by a gale of force 8 and upwards within 48 hours at a place near sea-level within 50 miles of the place where the signal is hoisted. It is a failure because "too late" if it blows a strong gale (force 9) before the signal is hoisted. According to this way of counting, a failure has to be recorded every time the gun is not fired during the winter for a "Norther," although we did not presume to forecast those.

The typhoon gun has been fired 27 times one round, since the Observatory was started on the 1st January, 1884, i.e., during the past 13 years. During the same period it has 30 times blown a gale of force 8 and upwards: Once in February (norther), once in June (typhoon), 5 times in July (typhoons), 3 times in August (typhoons), 11 times in September (typhoons), 7 times in October (typhoons), and twice in December (northers).

There was 75% of success counting all the gales and all the times the gun was fired, or 83% of success if the "northers" be left out of account. This compares favourably with the percentage of success in the British Isles 58% only of which are justified by subsequent gales of force 8 and upwards (mean of the 10 years 1884-93 inclusive). This leaves out of account the fact that in those isolated instances, where the gun was not fired, warning was given by notices issued and of late years, by lanterns hoisted.-During the first eight years the gun was fired when the wind blew 37 miles per hour on an average, while during the past four years it was fired when the wind blew only 27 miles per hour on an average. This shows an improvement with the increase of staff in the Observatory that took place in the meantime, and with the increase in the number of telegraphic reporting stations. Detailed particulars concerning every typhoon that occurred during the past thirteen years and every warning issued have been published in the "Government Gazette" and in the "Observations and Researches" issued yearly from here.

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Instructions for keeping the Meteorological Log.

Observations should be made every four hours, and the latitude and longitude of the vessel should be entered at each observation.

If convenient an observation should be made in or near Hongkong.

Observations are required between 10° South and 45° North latitude and between Singapore and 180° E of Greenwich.

When a mercurial barometer is read the thermometer attached to it is also entered.

When an aneroid is read no thermometer reading should be entered.

Force of wind is given from 0 to 12, and weather in Beaufort's initials,

For further particulars the "Instructions for making Meteorological Observations prepared for use in China" published in 1883 by the writer, may be consulted.

The forms are forwarded free through British Post Offices in China if addressed on service. They should be posted as soon as convenient after the vessel enters Hongkong harbour. Vessels bound for London from ports in the China Sea should post the forms in Singapore.

In 1896 the total number of days' observations made on board 325 ships and forwarded to this Observatory was 18,541 (counting separately those made on board different ships on the same day).

The surest of all warnings is furnished by the standard barometer on shore and the compensated anëroid on board ship; you are all right if you can put your vessel on the tack that will keep your barometer rising. But in order to understand the indications of the barometer you will have to keep a regular meteorological register. The master of a vessel who does not look at his aneroid till he is in a typhoon, does not derive half the benefits from his observations that he would have enjoyed had he watched it beforehand. He might perhaps have avoided the weather he is now experiencing, or even have benefited by the favourable winds and sailed round the typhoon. No doubt, the time is approaching when underwriters will stipulate that the indications of an anëroid or a marine barometer must be regularly registered on board a vessel insured by them.

On the other hand it would not be fair to ask the mariners to keep complete meteorological records, such as are kept in the lighthouses out here. Some seamen have a taste for this kind of work and make very useful and fairly accurate observations, but, for instance, the readings of dry and damp bulb thermometers taken on many vessels are of very little use.

The tube of the marine barometer has to be so much contracted to stand the incessant pumping and danger of breakage, that the instrument is sluggish and often reads half an inch or more too high near the centre of a typhoon. Some cheap wooden barometers cannot be registered below a certain height, the cistern being too small to hold the mercury that comes out of the tube and there is the great objection to wooden mercurial barometers that the readings cannot be accurately reduced to freezing point and the temperature correction is larger than in case of instruments made of brass. Of course, some cheap aneroids are no better, and even a first class compensated instrument requires to be thoroughly verified, as the scale is never quite correct and the readings depend somewhat upon the temperature and in a manner different for each single instrument, so that general tables for correcting to freezing point are not available, but they act more quickly than the marine barometer, and for use on board ship the instrument that is quickest in its indications must be preferred. The objection to the use of the anëroid is founded on the fact that its index-correction changes gradually; but then this can be determined and allowed for by reading it off as often as the vessel enters a port, such as Hongkong, where correct ineteorological observations are constantly being made.

The best hours for making observations are 4 a.m., 8 a.m., etc., up to midnight inclusive. From 4 a.m. to 10 a.m. the barometer is rising, falling from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., rising from 4 p.m. to 10 p.m., and falling from 10 p.m. to 4 a.m. It reads highest at 10 a.m. and lowest at 4 p.m. The daily variation is twice as great in midwinter as it is in midsummer. During the approach of a typhoon this regular daily variation may be masked, but it goes on all the same and must be taken into account when the barometer begins to fall before a typhoon. Thus if it has fallen a certain amount between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. you must subtract the normal descent between these hours in order to know how much of the fall is due to the approach of the typhoon, and if it were between 4 p.m. and. 10 p.m. that it fell, you must add the normal rise for the same purpose.

$4.-ON THE DIFFERENT CLASSES OF TYPHOONS AND THE SEASONS

OF THE YEAR IN WHICH THEY APPEAR.

In 1886 I expressed the hope that it might be possible to construct average paths of all the different varieties of typhoons, when a couple of hundred tracks were available. This has just been effected on the basis of 244 typhoons, registered during the past 13 years, or on an average 19 typhoons per year. They are distributed among the different months of the year as follows: January 1, February 0, March 1, April 4 (2 per cent), May 10 (4 p.c.), June 24 (10 p.c.), July 45 (19 p.c.), August 43 (18 p.c.), September 57 (23 p.c.), October 31 (13 p.c.), November 22 (9 p.c.), December 6 (2 p.c.).

:

114

28

In 1884 I suggested the division of typhoons into four classes (Comp. "Observations and Researches made at the Hongkong Observatory in 1884," app. M) but the final arrangement of sub- classes could not then be effected:

In

Ia B

Ib

Ic

Id

β

originate in the China Sea (most frequently near 18° to 20° N and 113° to 116° E) north of 15° N and enter, or at least approach the mainland to the W of Hongkong. 10

10 p.c. of all the typhoons registered belong to this class. They prevail from the middle of June till the end of September.

originate in the Pacific and enter the China Sea north of 15° N and enter, or at least approach the mainland to the W of Hongkong. 12 p.c. of the typhoons belong to this class. They prevail from the beginning of July till the middle of October. originate in the Pacific and enter the China Sea north of 15° N, move SW and disappear at sea. Only one or two cases of this kind have ever been registered (late in the year). originate in the China Sea and move N, but describle vastly different paths, moving in various directions between W, round by N, to ENE. Sometimes they recurve after entering the mainland. They occur from June till the end of September, but they are most common at the beginning of the typhoon season (4 p.c.).

originate in the China Sea, where they recurve, and sometimes move into the Pacific passing near South Formosa. They occur from May till September incl. (2 p.c.). Typhoons of classes Ia and Ic (26 p.c. of all typhoons) are frequently felt in Hongkong.

CLASS II.

IIa originate in the Pacific, enter the China Sea north of 15° N, and enter China to the E of

Hongkong. There they pass (IIa1) N, or (Ila,) W. They occur in July, August, and September (2 p.c).

IIb

Ic

Id

originate in the Pacific and move into the Formosa Channel. They occur from June to September incl., and are most common in August and September (7 p.c.),

originate in the Pacific, pass N of Formosa, and enter China. They occur from June till September, with a distinct maximum in July (3 p.c.).

originate in a high latitude in July and August and move W-ward into China (4 p.c.).

With the exception of Ila, which sometimes cause fierce SW gales in Hongkong, typhoons of Class II are not dangerous to this Colony.

CLASS III.

These typhoons originate and rage mainly in the Pacific,

IIIa

IIIb

IIIe

IIId

IIIe

enter the coast of Luzon but recurve (usually before the centre enters the China Sea). They prevail in October and November (11⁄2 p.c.).

enter the coast of Formosa but recurve, usually in October (1 p.c.). move N and enter Korea in July, August and September (4 p.c.).

recurve in the Pacific and enter Japan between June and October incl. They are most frequent in August and September (15 p.c).

remain in the Pacific. They occur from May till December incl. Their average latitude. decreases on the whole with the altitude of the midday-sun. 10 p.c. of all the typhoons registered belong to this class, but there must be many that are not met by ships and therefore not registered. Their prevalence may be estimated at 12 p.c.).

CLASS IV.

IVa originate in the China Sea south of 15° N and move towards Hainan and Annam. They occur from May till December incl., but are rarely encountered in August (8 p.c.). In November they often originate in about 11° N and 116° E.

IVa B originate in the Pacific and enter the China Sea south of 15° N. They are less common than those originating in the China Sea, as the long passage across the southern Philip- pines tends to break them up. They occur at the beginning and end of the typhoon season (3 p.c.).

IVb enter the China Sea after crossing the Philippines in a low latitude, and then move SW and disappear at sea. They occur from the beginning of September till the beginning of December, but are most common in November (41⁄2 p.c).

IVc

IVd

recurve in the China Sea and re-enter the Pacific. They occur at the beginning and end of the typhoon season but mostly in May (4 p.c.).

occur in the Gulf of Siam in April and December (1 p.c.).

The accompanying plate illustrates the average paths of these different kinds of typhoons. The average rate of progress in 24 hours is also marked, but it must be remembered that individual typhoons move in very irregular orbits, whose vagaries have disappeared from the average paths. Also they travel at very different rates. It is presumably as useful to the travelling public, and the freight-carrying public to know where and when typhoons prevail, as to the weather-forecaster, who in default of precise . observations reaching him by wire, must forecast according to such paths as these.

29

§ 5.-WINTER TYPHOONS IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE CHINA SEA.

115

In the typhoons of the summer months,-the SW monsoon period,-which move towards WNW or NW in the N part of the China Sea and enter the coast in the neighbourhood of the Gulf of Tongking, the area over which the winds become strong with a decided fall in the barometer in front of the centre is generally small. This is accounted for by the low pressure prevailing over the Gulf of Tongking and the continent beyond it. For the same reason the winds in rear are not only stronger but also long continued, the more particularly as it seems that depressions on entering the coast frequently become diffused over a large area. In the autumn months (September and October)-the NE monsoon period,-these conditions are reversed and we find that in front pressure begins to give way and strong winds usually blow at great distances, while in rear the area over which winds are governed by the depression is comparatively small. Moreover, at this period the depression fills up rapidly on entering the mainland, which is then dry. In consequence a vessel in front of a typhoon, moving as stated, will usually get much shorter notice of the advance of a typhoon from the barometer in summer than in autumn, and while in summer the bad weather lasts a long time in rear, in autumn it improves rapidly when the centre is past and a strong NE monsoon sets in. For instance, N gales frequently blow late in the season off the Annam and Cochin China coasts with a typhoon centre a long distance off on the E side of the China Sea.

Typhoons of classes IVa, IVb or Ib occur especially late in the year in an unusually low latitude over the China Sea, during the height of the NE monsoon which blows much stronger in these seas than the SW monsoon. Taking as an example of such, the typhoons of the 15th November, 1891, of the 20th November, 1891, and of the 13th November, 1895, it is seen that there is very little W, SW or S wind except within perhaps at most 50 miles of the centre. And to the S or SSW of the centre, where SW gales might be expected their place is taken by dead calms or light variable winds. No stronger argument could be adduced to show that the winds round a typhoon-centre are composed of the cyclonic winds on one hand and the prevailing wind on the other. In these cases where the cyclonic SW gales are combined with the NE monsoon gales, calms are the result. Unfortunately, I have not succeeded in drawing the isobars, as the anëroid observations on board ship are too rough to be of much assistance for this purpose, and the currents are strong, but the isobars might be inferred from the wind-directions laid down on the maps.

When all the wind forces round the centre of a typhoon are resolved into N and E components, positive or negative as the case may be, and the resultant direction and velocity are computed and compared with the direction of notion and velocity of the centre, it is found that the latter moves from a greater azimuth (counting from N) than the wind. This might be expected as it then agrees with the wind at a greater altitude. These November typhoons move from a direction from 2 to 7 points different from the resultant wind. As the NE monsoon is shallow, this probably agrees with the direction of the wind at an altitude of about half a mile, but the speed is only a fraction of the resultant wind velocity.

110

120

1891 Nov. 15.

120

5

6

0

6

X

3

10

120

116

1891 Nov 20. 10

120

3

4

30

i

1895. Nov. 13.

120

00

9

5

12/0

6

120

110

1210

29.80

29.70

7

39.50

+

1110

0

3

120

201

A

30

120

AVERAGE

TYPHOON TRACKS

by

W. Doberck.

Iva

Vaa

Jacu

IV C

110

IV b

I

31

117

12/0

130

TIG

Πό

DZ

Ad

110

12/0

130

140

10

30

163

No. 12

98

}

HONGKONG.

MINUTES OF MEETINGS OF THE PIERS COMMITTEE.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

Minutes of meetings of Piers Committee held at the Office of the Director of Public Works at 11 a.m. on the

7th December.

PRESENT.

The Chairman, Director of Public Works.

The Honourable The Harbour Master.

N. J. EDE, Esq.

D. GILLIES, Esq.

The Chairman explained the circumstances which led up to the appointment of this Committee, and informed the Committee of the expenditure to date on the New Pedder Street pier and on Pottinger Street pier. He also laid on the table plans of these piers, as designed and approved, showing the amount of work completed to date.

The Committee were unanimously of opinion that the Pedder Street Wharf should be constructed with a solid base, as wide as in the original design for double piers, projecting about 40 feet from the line of the Praya Wall, and with steps at each side for the use of small launches, boats and sampans.

That from this an open pier of a design to be approved hereafter should be constructed, 200 feet long and 40 feet wide.

A proposal to use concrete cylinders with iron and timber platform in the construction of this pier was brought before the meeting by the Director of Public Works, but its further consideration postponed until plans and particulars of cost could be prepared and submitted.

POTTINGER STREET PIER.

The Committee were unanimous in the opinion that, in view of the advanced state of this work in accordance with the original design for a solid pier, the cost to date ($17,397), the expense that would be incurred in removing the concrete blocks and granite masonry already in position, and that since the petition to His Excellency regarding Murray Pier, it has been decided that the New Pedder Street pier, and other piers in proximity to this one, will be open and accessible to launches and boats during gales, that Government should be recommended to authorize the completion of the Pottinger Street pier in accordance with original design.

ICE HOUSE STREET PIER.

The Committee agree that no permanent pier is required on the position of the present temporary one, but when, on the completion of the New Pedder Street pier, this one can be removed, an open pier be constructed 120 feet long and 25 feet wide opposite the road leading from the Queen's Statue, to be known as "The Queen's Pier."

Passed as correct.

R. D. ORMSBY,

Chairman.

Meeting held at the Office of the Director of Public Works on Thursday, the 20th January, at 11 a.m.

All members present except the Honourable The Harbour Master. Read and passed minutes of last meeting held on 7th December.

PEDDER STREET PIER.

The Chairman informed the Committee that the expenditure to date on this pier, in accordance with the original design for a solid pier, was $28,090.

In view of the expense already incurred and the advanced state of the masonry work, the Committee consider it would be advisable to maintain the width of base already laid down, namely, about 128 feet. A plan of the proposed pier, in accordance with this recommendation and that contained in the previous minutes, was laid on the table and approved.

A letter to the Honourable The Colonial Secretary, embodying the recommendations of the Committee on this point and forwarding copy of annexed resolution, proposed by the Director of Public Works on the subject, was submitted and approved as an interim report.

If it is contemplated to remove the present Clock Tower, the Committee recommend that it be re-built of a suitable design on the base of this pier, and further recommend the erection of permanent shelters of suitable design on this pier.

164

RESOLVED.

That the completion of the solid stone base of Pedder's Wharf, in accordance with the design now submitted by the Director of Public Works and dated January, 1898, is approved, and that Government be advised to authorize the work being undertaken at once. Further, that a copy of this plan, in which the position and dimensions of the proposed open steel pier is shown, with section of the harbour bottom, be forwarded to the Crown Agents, and that they be asked to call for specifications, designs, and tenders, for a suitable pier of mild steel or iron, (the effects of sea water on both metals being fully considered by the Consulting Engineers), delivered complete in Hongkong, such specifications, design and tenders being submitted by the Crown Agents to Messrs. Coode, Son and Matthews for decision. The tender approved by them to be accepted, and the pier ordered and despatched with as little delay as possible.

R. D. ORMSBY,

Chairman.

PIERS COMMITTEE.

Proceedings of a meeting held at the Praya Office at 11 a.m. on 1st March, 1898.

PRESENT.

The Director of Public Works, Chairman.

The Honourable The Harbour Master.

N. J. EDE, Esq.

H. A. RITCHIE, Esq.

D. GILLIES, Esq.

ABSENT.

Read and approved minutes of last meeting held on 20th January.

Resolved, that in view of the pressure of native craft traffic on Sections 4, 5, and 6 of the new reclamation, Government be advised to sanction no more public Government piers between Murray pier on the East, and Nam Pak Hong pier on the West, except The Harbour Master's pier, and those already recommended by the Committee.

The Committee recommend the construction of an open pier about 60 feet long by 25 feet wide opposite French Street in Section 1.

The Committee see no necessity to consider now the advisability of constructing Government piers further west, as no public want to any great extent appears at present.

The Committee have not taken into consideration the question of piers to the East of the Naval Yard pending possible reclamation in that direction.

R. D. ORMSBY,

Chairman.

211

No. 18

98

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE PÓ LÉUNG KUK SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST DECEMBER, 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

REGISTRAR GENERAL'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 7th March, 1898.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward for Your Excellency's information the report of the Society for the Protection of Women and Girls (Pó Léang Kuk) for the year ending the 31st December last together with the accounts and a statement of the assets and liabilities of the Society accompanied by a declaration of the truth of it made before a Justice of the Peace by two members of the Permanent Board.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

His Excellency

Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.,

Officer Administering the Government,

&c.,

&c.,

&c.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary and Registrar General.

Report of the Pó Léung Kuk Society for the Year ending 1897.

The following ten gentlemen were elected to act as the Managing Committee for the year :-

LÓ KUN-TING.

CH'AN CHUN-T‘SÜN. WONG UI-CH'ÜN.

LAU WAN-KAI. LAM KAM-TING. ÜN LAI-CH'ÜN. CH'AN SUI-CHUN. HU SHUN-CH'ÜN. CHAN PO-TUNG. IP CHUK-KAI.

Mr. LAU WAI-CH'ÜN and Mr. WAI LONG-SHAN were appointed to act as Treasurers. Attached is a statement of the Assets and Liabilities of the Society and a declaration of the truth of it by the Treasurers and two statements showing the working account and revenue and expenditure during the year. The balance to the credit of the fund was $15,480.45.

Messrs. LEUNG TIN-SHAN and WONG HOI-P'ANG have kindly audited the accounts.

The number of women and girls admitted into the Hone during 1897 was slightly below the total of 1896 which was a record year. A return is attached showing how those admitted have been dealt with.

The matron, Mrs. VICTOR, has continued to give satisfaction.

The visiting Justices during the year have been Captain ANDERSON, Hon. WEI A-YUK, and Mr. Ho FOOK.

The Benevolent Societies of Canton, Macao and other places continue to co-operate with the Pó Léung Kuk in restoring girls to their relations and in other ways.

This is the first year of the independent working of the Society, which formerly depended upon the Tung Wa Hospital for support. The expenditure has consequently increased and it will be necessary without delay to devise means for raising funds sufficient to make the receipts and expenditure balance. It is certain that all who take an interest in the work of the Society will be. prepared to render assistance in this direction.

The inmates are encouraged to occupy their time with needlework; and many of them are able to earn a little pocket money by making up clothing for Chinese shops.

The Report of Dr. THOMSON, who has kindly visited the Pó Léang Kuk during 1897, is attached.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, -

HO KAI

President.

Vice-President.

212

$1

Stamp

We, LAU WAI-CH'ÜN and WAI LONG-SHAN, members of the Board of Direction of the Pó Léung Kuk, Incorporated Society, do solemnly and sincerely declare that the attached statement of the Assets and Liabilities of the above Society on the 31st December, 1897, marked A and signed with our names on the 23rd February, 1898, is a true statement, and we make this solemn declaration conscientiously believing the samne to be true and by virtue of the provisions of "The Statutory Declarations Act, 1835."

LAU WAI-CH'ÜN.

WAI LONG-SHAN.

Declared by the declarants LAU WAI-CH'UN and WAI LONG-SHAN, at Victoria, Hongkong, this 23rd day of February one thousand eight hundred and ninety-eight through the interpretation of HUNG KAM-NING of Hongkong, the said HUNG KAM-NING having been also first declared that lie had truly, distinctly and audibly interpreted the contents of this document to the said declarants and that he would truly and faithfully interpret the declaration about to be administered unto them.

Before me,

BRUCE SHEPHERD, J.P.,

Victoria.

A.

Statement of Assets and Liabilities of the Fó Leung Kuk Incorporated Society on the 31st December, 1897.

Assets.

$ C.

Liabilities.

On fixed deposit in Hongkong & Shanghai Bank, 16,000.00 Advance account with Hongkong and Shanghai

Bank,

$

C.

519.55

Total,.....$ 16,000.00

Balance,

15,480.45

Total,..............$ 16,000.00

This is the Statement marked A referred to in the declaration of LAU WAI-CH'ÜN and WAI LONG-SHAN, declared before me this 23rd day of February, 1898.

Before me,

Auditors.

WONG HOI-PHÁNG,

BRUCE SHEPHERD, J.P.

PERMANENT COMMITTEE.

Statement of Working Account from 1st January to 31st December, 1897.

Receipts.

Balance from previous year,.

Subscriptions,...

Interest,

Balance overdrawn,

$5

C.

Expenditure.

25,000.00 Working Committee,-

$

C.

Building,

740.00

2,652.13

140.61

Architect,

1,077.48

1,125.00

Insurance,

469.50

Cheque Book,..

.50

519.55

Working Committee,

5,900.00

Rent,

Jubilee,

32.00 30.00

8,390.09

Total,...............$ 29,296.68

Refund to Bank, Interest due to Bank, Fixed Deposit,.

4,712.35

194.24 16,000.00

Total,...............$ 29,296.68

A

Statement shewing particulars of Expenditure by the Working Committee, from the 1st January to the 31st December, 1897.

213

1897.

RECEIPTS.

Balance from previous year,

Jan. 2

Received from the Permanent Board of Pó

Léung Kuk,

"

31

222

22

28

Do. Do.

do. do.

do., do.,

300.00 300.00

""

"

**

800.00

"

Received from Messrs. Anderson and Ho

59

Feb.

1

Fook, and the Committee of the Pó Léung Kuk for special meals for the wards,.. Received from King Shan Tong to buy car-

pets,

$

C.

EXPENDITURE.

42.89 By Wages of Li Yik-tin, Clerk, for 13 months,

of Wong Kuk Shang, Clerk, for 13 months, of Ching Ju, Detective, for 4 months and 8 days. of Pun Cheung, Detective, for 12 months,..... of Su Tai, Detective, for 3 months and 15 days. of Lai Ún, Detective, for 3 months and 12 days, of Lam Yun, Detective, for I month,

$ c.

260.00 130.00

49.06

192.00

28.11

31.16

10.00

49.00

"

of Tsu Ngau, Detective, for 24 days,.

8.00

"

53.00

of Wong Hoi, Porter, for 12 months and 18 days, of Tám Wa, Servant, for 13 months,.

100.80

52.00

11

Received from the Permanent Board of Pó

of Cheung Lai, Cook, for 13 months,

39.00

!!

Léung Kuk,

300.00

of Ho Tsán, Servant, for 2 months,.

4.00

Mar.

Do.

do.

do.,

300.00

April

Do.

do.

do.,

300.00

of Su Tin, Servant, for 2 months at $1.50, and

for 11 months at $2,

25.00

May

Do.

do.

do.,

400.00

37

་་

June 3

Do.

do.

do.,

400.00

19

of Lau Chiu, Servant, for 11 months and 2 days. of Portuguese Matron, for 12 months,

16.60

300,00

19

Balance of subscription from Mr. Tam Ho and

others,

+1

27.48

of Leung In, female Servant, for 6 months at

$5, and for 7 months at $6...

72.00

18

11

Received from Jubilee Committee for special

meals for the wards,

""

31

30.00

;;

**

of Chan Un, female Servant, for 13 months.... of Chan Kam, female Servant, for 8 months

39.00

30

July

22

Aug.

Sept. 23

Oct. 23

Nov.

* *****

Received from the Permanent Board of ló

and 13 days,....

21.08

Léung Kuk,..

400.00

of Un Yuk, female Servant, for 3 months,

7.50

":

Do.

do.

do..

400.00

""

23

Do.

do.

do.,

400.00

of Lau Tsu Shi, the Teacher of needlework.

for 13 months,

39.00

Do.

do.

do.,

400.00

of Cheung Hi, Cook, for 6 months,

21.00

Do.

do.

do.,

400.00

of Lau Sz, Cook, for 6 months,..

21.00

"J

25

Do.

do.

do.,

400.00

"

of Wan Un, Cook, for 3 months and 14 days,...

12.28

Dec.

22

Do.

do.

do..

400.00

J9

of Hon Lau, Cook, for 7 months and 13 days,. of Ún Yuk, Cook, for 22 days,

26.16

2.33%

of Yung Ún, Cook, for 2 months and 26 days,.

10.04

of Chan Kwan, night woman,

26.00

""

"

Rice from Tsung Fat,.......

16.87

Rice and Firewood U Tak Shing,

196.85

"

}"

Rice Ün Fat Hong,

57.46

>>

Stationery.

67.22

Oil.

69.30

""

Tea,.

18.33

,, Tobacco,

1.20

Sundries,..

17.47

"

Repairs to Wing Tai for muson's and carpenter's work,

593.43

Fruits,

38.29

11

Bill of Tsun Wan Yat Po Newspaper Office,.

95.70

"}

""

of Wa Tsz Yat Po Newspaper Office,

23.90

17

of Chung Ngoi San Po Newspaper Office,

7.00

"7

Lamp,

.12

Tobacco and Soap,

6.05

وو

Making Doors &c. on ground floor,

310.00

**

Barber's Wages...

15.00

>>

Leather Slippers for the inmates,

22.50

>>

Declaration Stamp,

» Printing Minutes,

Iron Sheets,

,,Painting,

Crockery,

Medicine Locker,

Hot Water Boiler,..

,, Carpet for main hall,.

Firewood,

Cushions and Chair-coverings, Photographs,

Water Pipe fittings,

46.33

20.00

31.09,

60.00

94.08

1.00

8.00

12.76%

36.94%

19

19.72% 29.80

11

", Gas,

324.39

>>

Flowers,

41.27

44.63

39

17

Rice from Hop Hing Hong,

380.14,

93

Gas Fixtures, &c.,

39.30

""

Water Rates,

25.40

>>

Grass Cloth,

124.48

12

Two Ornamented Tablets,

59.11

39

Cost of a dinner supplied to the Inmates,

28.00

""

Firewood,

25.00

12

Rice from Kam Fung Ü,.

109.85

33

Bamboo Wares,

6.44,

12

Disinfectants,..

7.00

Crown Rent for Lot No. 1356,

16.00

13

11

Scrolls for Doorway,...

14.42

Food for Clerks and Servants,

132.00

Extra Meals.

""

64.86

Hire of Jinrickshas and Boats by Detectives,

58.71

35

Passages for Destitutes.

78.09

Sundry Expenses,

180.13

Meals for Inmates.

705.14

J'

"

??

for female Servants,

87.12

Total.........

6,102.37

Total,......

Balance in hand,....

Total.....

.$

6,014.12

88.241

6,102.37%

Return shewing the number of persons whose cases have been dealt with by the Pó Léung Kuk during the

year 1897.

Married, ....

21

Adopted,

12

Died,

1

Sent home-Males,

83

"

-Females,

..220

Still in charge of the Society, Women and Children,

48

214

S

No. 49

HONGKONG, 10th February, 1898. SIR--I have the honour to request you to transmit the enclosed Report regarding Pó Léung Kuk to the Honourable the Registrar General.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Dr. J. M. ATKINSON,

Principal Civil Medical Officer, &c.,

&c.

&c.,

Your obedient Servant,

JOHN C. THOMSON.

PÓ LÉUNG Kuk, HONGKONG, 10th February, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to report that in accordance with your request I have throughout the past year visited the Pó Léung Kuk two or three times a week, and when certain slight epidemics which I shall mention were prevalent I attended at the institution daily. Dr. CHUNG has made a daily visit, and at my request has for convenience supplied medicines required direct from the Tung Wa Hospital, when he has had them in his stock of drugs there.

The general health of the inmates has been good. The sanitary state of the buildings and drains is satisfactory. The dormitories are maintained in a clean and orderly condition. The food supplied is wholesome and sufficient.

17 cases of mumps occurred in February and March, and were isolated in a dormitory on the top floor. The attacks were of a mild type, and all made rapid recovery.

A case of Small-pox having occurred in March, I had all the inmates in whom it seemed desirable vaccinated, including the matron, three amahs, and 25 girls. Thereafter Dr. CHUNG vaccinated all new-comers, until lymph was no longer available; and has recently vaccinated all who have since that time entered the Home.

In July, at my suggestion, the concrete of the ground-floor rooms was covered by a movable flooring of wooden boards.

During August and September nine cases of Beri-Beri occurred. The first few cases were sent to the Government Civil Hospital, but as they proved to be not serious they were returned, and with those that occurred later were isolated within the Pó Léung Kuk itself. In order to stop the epidemic, besides careful isolation of the patients, very thorough disinfection of the building, and of all furniture, bedding, and clothing was performed, beans were added to the dietary of all the inmates, and later the rice supply was changed. Finally, all the girls affected were sent to the care of a similar institution in Canton. One case has since occurred, in November, and was sent to the Government Civil Hospital.

In September, a number of the girls having suffered from slight attacks of Intermittent Fever, I suggested the advisability of permitting some of them to work during the day on the first floor, instead of making all of them spend most of their time on the ground floor, and this was done, the girls taking it in turn to work upstairs.

Several cases of venereal disease and one or two cases of acute illness have during the year been sent to the Government Civil Hospital, where one girl died of Pneumonia in December. No other death has occurred among the inmates during 1897.

I think it would be well that the medical oversight of the Pó Léung Kuk should come directly under the control of the Principal Civil Medical Officer, with whom, as a matter of fact, I have already acted in consultation in all matters of importance that I have had to deal with. I would suggest to you that the committee should formally request him to supply medical attendance to the institution, that I may have direct instructions from my chief in the matter.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

?

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Registrar General,

sc.,

sc.,

Se.

JOHN C. THOMSON, M.D.

149

No. 11

98

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE CAPTAIN SUPERINTENDENT OF POLICE FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

No. 34.

POLICE OFFICE, 10th February, 1898.

SIR,I have the honour to forward for the information of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government the Criminal Statistics and Report on the Police Force for the year 1897.

2. The total of all cases reported to the Police was 9,629, being a decrease as compared with 1896 of 3,346 or 25.78 %.

In the division of these cases into Serious and Minor Offences, there appears an increase as compared with 1896 of 582 cases or 25.15% in the former, and a decrease of 3,928, cases or 36.84 % in the latter.

3. Table A. shows the number and character of the serious and minor offences reported to the Police during the past year, and the number of persons convicted and discharged in connection with those offences.

4. The increase as compared with 1896 in serious offences of 582 is shown as follows:-

Robbery,

Burglary and Larceny in Dwelling,

Assault with intent to rob,

Unlawful possession,

Larceny,

Felonies not already given,.

14

39

1

125

309

97

585

Deduct decrease in kidnapping,

3

582

All Robberies have again, as was the case in the returns for 1893 and 1894, been classed together. In 1896, 6 gang robberies were classed under the heading "Felonies not already given." The total of robberies for 1896 was therefore 14, and the increase in 1897 in this particular offence 8 instead of 14.

The increase of 39 in Burglaries and Larcenies in Dwellings, and of 97 in Felonies not already given, is principally due to greater care in the technical classification of offences.

The total of Felonies not already given, for instance, is swelled by 98 cases of House-breaking, whereas the return for 1896 shows only 20 such cases.

The value of property reported stolen in the 98 cases of House-breaking was only $1,805.

The majority of these cases are cases in which Chinese locks are broken off doors in Chinese tenement houses during the absence in the day time of the occupants of a floor or cubicle.

The year 1896 cannot be regarded as a normal one, for the existence of Plague here diminished the population, and the constant visitations of the house-to-house search parties, and the cleansing operations in the houses carried out by the Sanitary Board, tended to prevent crime.

Comparing the returns for 1897 with those for 1895, which was a normal year, it will be seen that there are only 129 more reports of serious cases in the latter year than in the former.

Such an increase may well be accounted for by increase in population alone.

5.

MURDERS.

Eight cases of murder came under the notice of the Police during the

year.

(1.) On the 12th February Kwok SHU MUI, 21 years, boatwoman, Aberdeen, was found murdered on the beach at Aplichau. She was last seen alive leaving the wharf at Aberdeen with two men in her boat at 11 p.m., on the 11th February. Two men were arrested and discharged. The motive for the crime was apparently jealously.

1

150

(2.) On the 9th March two shoe-makers, named LAI CHEUNG and CHU YUK, quarrelled in No 4 Possession Street. CHU YUK stabbed LAI CHEUNG in the abdomen with a knife. The latter was removed to the Government Civil Hospital where he died. CHU YUK was charged with murder, found guilty of manslaughter, and sentenced to 8 years' imprisonment.

(3.) On the 15th March a woman named CHAN SUI, the mistress of a man called CHU KWAI, with whom she had just returned from America, was found murdered at No. 48 Praya Central. The body had been packed in a trunk in which it was, no doubt, intended to remove it. CHU KWAI was arrested and although he admitted having murdered the woman both when ar- rested and again when charged, he was acquitted.

(4.) On the 7th August the body of TAM FAT, a gardener, was found dead on the road side near Tai Kok Tsui. He had committed a larceny from a boat on the beach and was pursued and beaten by four meu, one of whom was arrested and acquitted.

(5.) On the 18th September CHAN LAI KIU, 21 years, married woman, was stabbed to death by her husband at No. 151 Praya West. Jealousy appears to have been the cause. The hus- bund escaped to China and has not been arrested. This is a class of case in which the Chinese both here and on the mainland give the Police no assistance.

(6.) On the 18th October the body of Tso SHUI KUI, 44 years, hawker, Kowloon City, was found evidently murdered near the Kowloon Road. He had quarrelled some time previously with two men in Kowloon City, who were seen there on the day of the murder, but have not returned since.

(7.) On the 14th November LI FAT, servant, and CHEUNG YUK, his mother, residing in Shelly Street, were attacked with a sword and killed by an inmate of the same house named LAM CHAU WA, who afterwards attempted to commit suicide by cutting his throat. He was removed to the Government Civil Hospital and on recovery was convicted of Murder at the Sessions of January, 1898, and sentenced to be hanged. LAM CHAU WA was on bad terms with LI FAT, whom he further accused of illicit intercourse with his wife.

(8.) On the 15th November about 9.15 p.m. five men armed with revolvers entered a shop at No. 27 Burd Street, ransacked the place and stole money and jewellery to the value of $202. On leaving the place they fired two shots at a District Watchman who was pursuing them, and killed a man named HUNG FUN, who was just entering the door of another shop in the street. Six men were arrested, two were discharged at the Magistracy, one was acquitted at the Criminal Sessions, and three were convicted and hanged. I have heard that the man who was acquitted has since been executed in China for a robbery committed there. The head of the gang who escaped arrest here has now been arrested at Canton, where he has been put on his trial by the Chinese Authorities. The trial is now proceeding.

6.

GANG ROBBERIES.

(1.) On the 8th January at 7.20 p.m. 3 men armed with revolvers entered No. 31 Wing Lok Street

and stole money and silk, value $190. No arrest made.

(2.) On the 10th January at 6.45 p.m. 3 men armed entered a matshed at Fo Pang Village, Kow-

loon, and stole clothing, value $6. No arrest made. This was a very doubtful report.

(3.) On the 20th February at 9.45 p.m. 4 men armed with revolvers entered No. 141 Queen's Road Central evidently with the intention of robbing. One of the inmates escaped by the the back door to raise an alarm and the thieves decamped. Nothing stolen.

(4.) On the 20th February at 10 p.m. 4 men armed with revolvers entered No. 264 Queen's Road Central, a jeweller's shop, drove the inmates into the kitchen and stole money and jewellery, value $599.28. Six men were arrested-1 was discharged and 5 were convicted, 4 being sentenced to 10 and 1 to 11 years' imprisonment with hard labour.

(5) On the 23rd March at 3 p.m. 2 men entered No. 86 Queen's Road East, gagged the cook who was alone in the place and stole money and clothing, value $31.50. No arrest made. This report was very doubtful.

(6.) On the 3rd April at 1 a.m. 3 men broke into No. 14 Tsat Tsz Mui, threw a bed cover over the head of the inmate and held her down and stole a box of clothing, etc., value $8.00. No arrest made.

(7.) At midnight on the 2nd June 11 men armed with swords and revolvers boarded in two boats a trading junk in the harbour off Stonecutter's Island, drove the crew into the cabins, looted the junk and stole bran, rice, jewellery and clothing, value $170.00. Two men were arrested--one was acquitted and one convicted. The junk was committing a breach of the Harbour Regulations by not being anchored in the Junk Anchorage. Her object in anchor- ing in the isolated position she did was not ascertained, but it may have been connected with smuggling.

Y

151

(8.) On the 8th June at 8 a.m. 2 men entered No. 80 Queen's Road East, gagged and tied the cook (who was alone) and stole money and clothing, value $17.70. No arrest made. (9.) On the 28th June at 4 am 3 men entered No. 3 Tai Tam Tuk Village by the skylight,

assaulted the occupant and stole jewellery and clothing, value $9.00. No arrest made. (10.) On the 14th July at 10.30 p.m. 3 men entered a shed belonging to the Dairy Farm Com- pany at Pokfulam, gagged and bound a cow-boy and stole money and clothing, value $40 00. No arrest made. The money was not the property of the boy, and the report was doubtful. (11.) On the 28th August at 1 a.m. 2 men armed entered a house in a quarry on the hill near Shaukiwan and stole money, clothing and jewellery, value $90.00. No arrest made. (12.) On the 10th September at 12 30 a m. 3 men entered a fisherman's hut at Sandy Bay, assaulted and gagged him and stole two fishing nets, money and rice, value $28.90. No arrest made. (13.) On the 26th October at 9 a.m. 3 men entered No. 2 Douglas Lane, gagged and tied up

cook and stole money and clothing, value $12.10. No arrest made.

the

(14.) On the 18th December at 8 p.m. 4 men armed entered No. 6 Au Pui Lung (in Kowloon), assaulted the inmates and stole one pair of bangles and clothing, value $9.00. No arrest made.

7.

ROBBERIES WITH VIOLENCE.

(1.) On the 29th January at 7 p.m. a boy was assaulted and robbed of $3.60 in Queen's Road

West by a man who was arrested and convicted.

(2.) On the 4th February at 11.30 a.m. a Private of the Hongkong Regiment was met by 3 Pri- vates of the same Regiment at Blackhead's Point, Kowloon, and robbed of $20.00. Nɔ arrest made.

(3.) On the 6th June at 11.30 p.m. a jinricksha driver was attacked and robbed of a purse contain-

ing 70 cents and a license by 3 men on the Shaukiwan Road. No arrest made.

(4.) On the 5th June at 10 a.m. a shopkeeper was robbed in Queen's Road Central of a bag con- taining $993.89 by a man who was arrested on the spot by a District Watchinan. The money was recovered and the thief convicted.

(5.) On the 9th August at 9 a.m. a fisherman was assaulted and robbed of $6.00 by 2 men on

Pokfulam Road. No arrest made.

(6.) On the 24th August at 9 a.m. a boatwoman was robbed of a bangle (value $7.00) on the beach at To Kwa Wan by a man who engaged her boat to take him from Shaukiwan to To Kwa Wan. No arrest made.

(7.) On the 23rd September at 7.30 a.m. a farmer was stabbed and robbed of $40.00 on the Kow-

loon Road near Ma Tau Wai by 3 men. Three men were arrested and acquitted. The eighth case was one of earring-snatching. No arrest made.

8.

FELONIES NOT ALREADY GIVEN.

Under this heading are comprised the following:-

Manslaughter,

Arson and attempted arson,

Drugging,

3

4

5

Embezzlement,

Forgery,

House-breaking,

Rape,

25

9

98

}

6

15

2 1

Shooting and Wounding,

Suicide,

Sodomy,

Indecent Assault,

GAMBLING.

9.

Since the breaking up of the Wa Lane and Cheung Hing Street establishments in June last, there has been little gambling.

On the list of recipients of bribes from the Wa Lane gambling house seized at No. 3 East Street, were found the names or numbers of 14 European Police Officers (one Chief Inspector Acting as De- puty Superintendent of Police, 6 Inspectors, one Acting Inspector, 4 Sergeants and 2 Acting Sergeants) 38 Indian Sergeants and Constables, and 76 Chinese Sergeant Interpreters, Sergeants and Constables.

152

One European Inspector was convicted of receiving bribes and sentenced to 6 months' imprison- ment with hard labour. Three Inspectors and one Sergeant were dismissed. Two Inspectors and two Sergeants (one was Acting Inspector when the list was discovered) have been called upon to resign. Two Sergeants and one Acting Sergeant were not re-engaged on the expiration of their terms of 5 years' service. One Acting Sergeant resigned. The Inspector, who was Acting as Deputy Superintendent, had already retired from the Force when the list was discovered.

Nineteen of the Indian Police were dismissed and one was not allowed to re-engage. Seventeen still remain in the Force.

Twenty-six of the Chinese Police were dismissed and eighteen resigned. in the Force.

Thirty-two still remain

There are thus 49 Asiatic Policemen still serving whose names were on the list.

10.

DRUNKENNESS

Has decreased. This is due to the excellent conduct of the XIV Prince of Wales' Own Regiment.

11.

SUSPENSION OF THE LIGHT AND PASS REGULATIONS.

On the 8th of June, the Light and Pass Regulations were suspended on the recommendation of the Registrar General and myself. The result has been exceedingly satisfactory. The principal night- time crime, burglary, shows an increase of only 11 cases in 1897 over 1896 and no increase over 1895- there being 42 cases of this crime reported in 1895 and the same number in 1897. While of the 22 robberies only 2 occurred in the City of Victoria after 9 p.m. The Light and Pass Regulations there- fore would not have prevented the commission of the other 20 cases.

The number of persons arrested for breach of Light and Pass Regulations in 1895 was 2,196, in 1896 3,477, and in 1897 150.

12.

PROSTITUTION.

Complaints have continued to be made of the indiscriminate opening of brothels in respectable quarters of the City.

Some houses in Wyndham Street were successfully proceeded against under Ordinance 6 of 1894 on the complaint of European house-holders in the street.

But I have failed to induce any Chinese house-holders to have recourse to the legal remedy for what is becoming an intolerable nuisance.

13.

STOLEN PROPERTY RECOVERED.

The value of property reported stolen during the year was $52,936.29. The value of that re- covered by Police and restored to owners was $6,952.05.

14.

LOST PROPERTY.

The following is a return showing property lost and recovered during 1897 :-

ARTICLES LOST.

15.

185

VALUE LOST.

ARTICLES RECOVERED AND ARTICLES FOUND WHICH WERE NOT REPORTED LOST.

VALUE FOUND.

$7,364.95

LICENCES.

152

The following Licences were issued during the year by this Department: —

500 Hongkong Jinrickshas.

60 Kowloon

25 Quarry Bay

900 Private Vehicles. 496 Hongkong Chairs.

24 Hill District Chairs.

7 Garis.

7,164 Drivers and Bearers.

$2,503.00

1

153

I have again during last year advocated the licensing of domestic servants. Several families were boycotted by their chair coolies during the year, because the coolies objected to do a reasonable day's work. Coolies who are dismissed for misconduct or dishonesty, find re-employment as readily as do well- conducted and honest men. Under a system of licensing and registration such would be impossible.

16.

17.

DOGS ORDINANCE.

1,622 dogs were licensed.

12 watch dogs were licensed.

102 dogs were destroyed.

29

restored to their owners.

""

7 dogs were ransomed.

ARMS ORDINANCE.

No export permits were issued by this Department during the year.

18.

MENDICANTS.

In addition to 21 beggars dealt with by the Police Magistrate, 195 were summarily deported to Canton as follows:-

19.

Once, Twice, Thrice.. Four times,

HOW OFTEN SENT AWAY.

CANTON.

156

27

11

1

TOTAL,

195

POLICE FORCE.

Table E. shows the strength, enlistments and casualties in the Police Force during 1897. Four recruits were obtained from the Glasgow, and one from the Edinburgh, Police Force. One recruit was obtained from Scotland and one from Ireland who had no previous Police Service.

20.

CONDUCT OF THE FORCE.

Leaving out of account the Wa Lane Bribery Scandal, the conduct of the Force has on the whole been good.

The number of reports against Europeans was 46 against 53 in 1896; of these 13 were for drunk- enness being the same number as in the previous year; 2 for disorderly conduct, assaults and fighting, 1 for sitting down on duty as against 7 and 4 respectively; 4 for asleep on duty and 3 for neglect of duty against 2 and 6 respectively.

There were 297 reports against men of the Indian Contingent, while 303 were reported in 1896. Of the reports 12 were for drunkenness, being the same number as in 1896, 13 for disorderly con- duct and fighting against 22; 44 for neglect of duty against 33; 45 for absence from duty, drill, &c., against 46; 47 for idling, &c., on duty against 49; while 21 were asleep on duty against 16 in 1896. Two members of the Contingent were convicted before the Magistrate for larceny, and one for being found in a common gaming-house.

Members of the Chinese Force were reported 402 times against 452 in 1896.

No case of drunkenness has occurred in this Contingent during 1896 and 1897. There has been a large decrease in the offence of asleep on duty, there being 22 cases against 61 in 1896, for disorderly conduct and assault the reports increased from 8 to 12; absence from duty was less, being 117 against 141; sitting down, &c., on duty showed 83 against 76, while for leaving beats, &c., before relief they fell from 6 to 3.

Of the Contingent two men were convicted before a Magistrate one for larceny, and one for extort- ing money from hawkers.

154

It is satisfactory to note that among the Water Police there was no case of extortion or the like. This I attribute to the effect of the improvement in the status of the Contingent made by the increase of pay given and increased security required during the year.

21.

HEALTH OF THE FORCE.

The year under review was not a healthy one.

The admissions to Hospital were during the last 3 years as follows:-

Europeans, Indians,

1895. 1896. 1897.

81 90 100

233 366

325

113 120

113

Chinese,

Table F. shows the admissions to Hospital from each station and the strength of the Police at each. Stanley has again become unhealthy. Yaumati was less healthy, and Aberdeen more healthy than in 1896.

Admissions to Hospital for venereal disease have much increased especially in the case of Europeans. In 1895 there were 4.46 % of the European Contingent, in 1896 15.17 %, and in 1897 18.75 %.

22.

EDUCATION.

Fifteen members of the Force passed the first examination for certificates of the St. John's Ambulance Association.

During the year one European and nine Indians obtained certificates for knowledge of Chinese. I append a report from Mr. ARTHUR on the Police School.

23.

BARRACKS.

During the year I have recommended certain additions and alterations in the Police Stations at the Peak and Hunghom, for which provision has been made in the Estimates for the current year.

A sum has also been inserted with which to make a beginning of the building of a new Station at West Point which is urgently required. An entirely new Station is also required at East Point, and No. 5 Police Station (the Central Fire Station) requires very large additions and improvements, which, I trust, will soon be taken in hand. The three last named Stations are in their present condition by no means a credit to the Colony, and must be injurious to the health of the men stationed in them.

24.

DISTRICT WATCHMEN.

In accordance with my recommendation the District Watchmen (numbering on the average 40) on duty in Victoria from 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. were on the 7th of June placed on Police beats and subjected to the supervision of Police Inspectors and Sergeants on patrol duty.

The object was to improve the efficiency of this very useful auxiliary Police Force, and to bring them into closer touch with the Police.

The scheme has so far worked well.

EXECUTIVE STAFF.

25. Mr. T. A. Howe, an Officer of the Royal Irish Constabulary holding the rank of District Inspector, was seconded from that Force to act as Deputy Superintendent of Police during the absence on leave of Mr. F. J. BADELEY, and took up his duties in the Colony on the 17th of October.

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&c.,

&c.,

&c.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

F. H. MAY,

Captain Superintendent of Police.

1897.

.

:

TABLE A.

RETURN of SERIOUS and MINOR OFFENCES reported to have been committed during the Year 1897, with the Results of such Reports.

Robberies.

Burglaries.

Larcenies in

Dwelling

Houses.

Felonies

Assaults

not

with Intent

Larcenies.

already

Assaults

and

Disorderly

Conduct.

to Rob.

given.

Gambling.

Offences

against Ord. 11 of 1890, Kidnapping, | Protection of (Women and

Children.)

Unlawful

Piracy,

Possession.

Euro-

Miscellaneous

peans

Offences.

and Indians. Chinese. Ameri-

Total.

cans.

January, ...

February, ..

3

5

1

3

••

5

March,.....

1

..

OD

..

10

April,.

1

..

..

3

:

..

May,

..

3

..

4

:

:

:

:

-

:

3

J

195 95 16 15 4

142

..142 69

11 19

-}

3108

601 1

L

156

14 17 121

1

:

1

30 28

Co

ca

3

8888

61

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged,

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Drunkenness.

Nuisances.

No Pass or Light.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

June, ......

July,

August, ....

September,.

10

5

-

Co

2

··

2 1 4 1 .. 18

w

6

I

15

••

..

:

:

10

:

11

..

5

..

..

1

3 1

October, ...

November,.

December,..

..

3

:

:

12

7

**

:

:

..

12

C

:

ون

143 15 7 25

2

3

..

..

:

180 90

3

7 15

6 | 101

138 10

7 86 1

:

..

88

177 113

111 15

186 83 22 16

LA

3115 114

14

M

10| 2

:

-}

6 117

165 21 9

50

7

..

..

196

68

39 17

7. 2140

168 25

00

8

44 11

195

85 17 10

2

184 164

17| 26 | 122 |

10

..

203 83

6

21 13

2117; 209 32

47

1

191 81

10 16

t-

412)

121 14 12

72 2

I

1

2

.. 140 64 12 14

2

5100 103 42 19 61 13

..

..

2

2 1 20

15

..132 46 12 12

6 !

3103 121 25 13

24 13 1 1

..

5 7 5 39 11 7

..

2

..

..

142 56 20 13

5

107

23 15

103

51

..

:

..

**

2

1

45

42

12

981 19

356

409

21

39

4

1

786

59

828

3:2

2

18

1

21

..

..

10

62 19

254

280

14

48

6

3

503

41

556 47

8

$

3 31

33

3

8 54 21

365

395

955

25

34

1

675

54 709 55

T

+

37

36

8

95 47

276

296 21 57

4 1

19 21

4 G 1 29 29 2

:

13 84 41

420

444 53 23

1

7

1

$52 68

711 113 771 115

609

609

€8

G

90 .. 379

424 21 23

3

1

719

16

773 97

ين

3

no

49

48

30

15 61

..

345

402

200

43 32 1

6

2 792 S$ 83: 91

860

Þ

46 41

7

..

:

..

13

41

..

351

61

42

1

&

..

707

183

755

33

131

$14

Ca

2

35 28 10

«ነ

..

13 45..

11] 41] ..

36 24

1

8

1

685

110 717 112

811

..

19

..

376

37

18

58..

303

427

1.1

581.. 301

ان

༤ ་

5

1

581 110 626 116

687

9%

31 1

7

1

636 101 074 103

41

39

2

606 103

819

105

TOTAL,.. 22

}

542

8

1 117 21

*

1

..2,079 954 189178 CI

371,401 1,795 | 287143 608 66

5

G 2 54 49 34398 986: 70

Police Department, Hongkong, 10th February, 1898.

* 1 Larceny case with 1 prisoner is undecided.

:

:

:

412 132 780 1504,1224,538

429 25

49

88,018 1,077 || 8,196 | 1,110 9,329

F. H. MAY,

Captain Superintendent of Police.

155

TOTAL

OF

ALL

CASES.

156

783

..1111

356

409 21

6'.. 1 1..{

256

251

14

100

710.. 365

25

ها

5 6..

276 296

21

420

53

4 4 2 879

21

1523 3 315

43

351

64

6 7..

362 403 30

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of l'ersons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

1 Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

[No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No.

of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Breach of Spirits

Ordinances. and Opium

Men- Unlicensed

dicants. Hawking.

TABLE B.

RETURN of MISCELLANEOUS OFFENCES reported to have been committed during the Year 1897, with the Results of such Reports.

Desertion,

Street Cries. Refusal and

Neglect of

Duty.

Rogues

and

Vagabonds, Suspicious Characters

& Vagrants.

Breach of

Breach of

Public

Vehicles

Breach

Merchant

Shipping Consolidation

of

Emigr.

Ordinance.

Ordinances.

Ord.

Breach of J'olice, Gaol,

Deportation

and

Prevention

of Crime

Ordinances.

Breach of Pawnbrokers, Markets, and

Weights aut

Measures

Ordinances.

Intimidation, Extortion, Bribery and

Conspiracy.

Cutting

Trees

эг

Earth.

Breach of Registration

Ordinance.

Spurious Coin.

Obtaining

Goods

or Money by False)

Pretences.

l'amage to

Property.

commit

Attempt to

Suicide.

Trespass.

Cruelty to ous Driving. Animals, & Furi

Contempt of Court and False Charge.

and Arms Ordes, Dangerous Goods

Breach of

Totals.

1897.

1...

2:

1 8*12

2:

2, 10

1 3

=

11

20

:

:

8 11 2

**

~

ها

100%

~

8

N

H

:

-

Q

2

1

4591 | 596 | 18

5 2 28 30 7108 111 30,63,48 7 3131 115, 512, 51

January, ...

3! 3

11 11

..

16 | 17

..

11

22

..

21 23 2

22 27 ..

21 35 1 1 1..108 124

93

94

:

113

February,........

51

53

1

12

15

.....

..

14 17 ..

36 37

31 41 1

47

50

~

2

27

26

2

ON

:

~

10

-

6

Marchi,..

8.

الحارة

48

2 5 5

..

11

38

15 1

27

50..

30 2

23 31

131 | 126

13

C1

..

:

ها

le

5'..

# 3. 93 91 26

April, ................

May,.

June, ...............

July, .............. 2❘ 2

34 :7.. 7 8..

9

..

18 18

..

19

30

22 19

..

4 15 13

3

11

23

:

......109 114

6

5 4

1

25

24 24

2

25 25

..

2 2..

3

3

5

7

13

16

20 21

6

6 ..

21 21 6 21

+2

2 14 25

1 1..

108 114 13

1

83 82

1

2

LO

8

65 05 1

28

28

8

16

ԷԶ

17 18

3 22

21

16 29

.

1].

2 98 109

19

2

2

91100

:

10

15

10..

4 4 3..

16 16

N

26 35 5 4 4

1 49 74 10 1.. 107 117 13

5 4 1 51 50 1

..

2

3

..

11

11

5 4 3.

August, ..........

72

70 2 11 10 1 8 9 6 19 19

G 14 13

2 19 29

245 1123 127

16 1 1.

N

2

31 82

2

16. 13

··

September,.

63 63

3 2 2

..

7 13..

28 33 3 25 26

to

30 66

4

119 117

16

6 5

45

I

13

2 1 1..

3

2

1

7

October,....

53

48

November,.

77

79

21 21

8 11 1 19 25 3 19 19 1

46| 91

5

1..1 91 91 15

1 1.. 5 4

19 21

1 } } 1..

4

6

1 8 8 31

R

4 2.14 25

10 12 1

0 12

4 16 14 2 24 35

1

148 159

..

69

19

3

3

53 56 I

4

9

2

2 1}

December,..

49 52.. 13 12 110

13 10

12 13 ..

20 25

N

101 115

22

Է

Է

46 43

100

I

2

..

10 9

TOTAL,..[21]21)..[630 | 623

41 165 167 2 (129 186 14 247 282 43:33 242 16307 504 26

9 7 61.290 1,363 147 2 2..

t

11 | 36

Police Department. Hongkong, 10th February, 1898.

F

5 .. 320 376 37

4 C.. 393 427

زارة

301

322

41

1250 79 718 25'..77 06 14 4,1224,538 | 412

F. H. MAY,

Captain Superintendent of Police,

79

i

TABLE C.

COMPARATIVE RETURN of OFFENCES coming under the Notice of the POLICE, during the Years 1895, 1896, and 1897.

SERIOUS.

NUMBER OF PERSONS.

NUMBER OF CASES,

DESCRIPTION.

Convicted.

Discharged.

1895. 1896. 1897. 1895. | 1896. | 1897. 1895. 1896. | 1897.

Murder,

Robbery,

3

8

4

3

11

8

22

1.

2

Burglary or Larceny from Dwelling,

Assault with Intent to Rob,

Kidnapping and Protection of Women & Children,

Piracy,

Unlawful Possession,.

Larcenies,...

Felonics not already given,

81

120

159

30

30

32

12

6

$

110 00

43

62

69

42

52

55

36

47

36

. .

428

273 | 398

433

298

386

70

39

70

2,126 1,770 2,079 937 75 73 170 35

970 954 242

139

189

23

57

28

29

30

Total,

2,767 2,314 2,8961,478 1,378 |1,497

393 263

345

Assault.

Gambling,

Miscellaneous,

Drunkenness,

Nuisance,.

MINOR.

NUMBER OF PERSONS.

NUMBER OF CASES.

DESCRIPTION.

Convicted.

Discharged.

No Pass or Light,

1895. 1896. 1897. 1895. | 1896. 1897. | 1895. | 1896. | 1897.

1,240 1,135 | 1,404 | 1,503 | 1,441

171

126 145 676 732

1,795

666

360 219 287 75 16 66 551 343 412

5,400 4,342|4,122 · 5,958 | 5,147 | 4,538

878 336 132

1,223 1,245 780 No analysis of Convictions & Discharges. 2,196 3,477

150

Total,

|10,608 10,661 | 6,733 | 8,147 | 7,320 |6,999

986 578

765

Total cases 9,629 being a decrease of 3,346 cases or 25.78 per cent. under 1896. Increase in Serious Offences 582 cases or 25.15 %. Decrease in Minor Offences 3,928 cases or 36.84 %

Police Department, Hongkong, 10th February, 1898.

F. H. MAY,

Captain Superintendent of Police.

157

TABLE D.

1.-Return of SERIOUS OFFENCES reported to the POLICE, during the 10 Years ending 1897, showing the Number of Prisoners Arrested, Convicted and Discharged.

Murder.

Robbery.

Burglary

and

Larceny in

Dwelling House.

Assault with

Intent to Rob.

Kidnapping and protection of Women and

Piracy.

Unlawful Possession.

Children.

Felonies

Larceny.

not already given.

YEAR.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

1888,

2

ลง

1889

1890,

1891,

1892,

1893,

1891,

1895,

1896,

1897,

Total,..

Total,

Average of 1st period,

Average of 2nd period,

2

v

4 66 24 35 59 98 37 22 12 42 9 13 22 80 26 11 37 7 2 1 3

1

1 18

10

13

52 6 3 9

4

49 38 10

48 83

21

00

8 29

10 12 45 19 13 32 76 18 2 20

تور

23

༣༣

3

59 1 2

:

$ 91 37 96 133

2 75 37

8 2 7 9

12

4

254

208

99

79116 £

1

2 3

313 252

99

43 13 54

67

2

14 14

344 282

123

71

52 56 108

3

Co

500 478

72

Co

10

5

:

10

86

81

46127

:

:

411 375 102

307 1,878

351 2,236 991

405 2,537 1,067

550 | 2,300 | 1,109

4772,304 1,179

776

284 1,060| 74

314 1,305 98 65

53

47 100

63 128.

371 1,438 42 12 28

262 1,371 48 29

44 298 1,477

29

123

222

40

44

73

53

11 3 20 23220 100| 74 | 1741389108 | 46154 15 12

Co

co

1

19 G3 3 9 66

15 5

20

28

4

4

29

30

1 4

41

10

:

...

3

3

11

SI 30

12

42

10

CO

0

3|120

30

O

36

...

:

7

11 22

-

10

14 159

32

CC

8 40

1

20

**

O

23

10 11 24 89

22 11

33467112| 31

143

~1

214366|220|331 | 551 22 4

23

8

:

:

13 75

...

...

48 23

43

62

2 X 2 N

42

52

72

72 84106)

3-1

36

==

57

78

47

99

...

:

:

59 55 36 91

8 8 6 14284244 187 431

:.

.:..

:.

:

:

271,822 |1,595 495 2,090 11,255 | 5,122 | 1,529

327

299

62

...

278

272

45

428

433

70

...

...

273

298

39

398

...

...

386 70

2 3 2 3 2

2.2 0.6 4.0 4.6 44.4 20.0 14.8 34.8 77.8 21.6 9.2 30.8|3.0 |2.4 |0.4 2.8 73.2 14.4 66.2 110,2 4,4|0.84,6 5.6 2.0 2.8 4.8 17.8 4.4| 2.2| 6.693.4 |22,4|6.2 (28.6|1.6 1.6 1.2 2.8 56.8 48.8 37.4 86.2

...

F:

...

6,651 306, 188 | 206 | 394

158

361

2,156 961

317 2,103 878

188 1,152 78

166 1,044

503 | 2,126

937

242 1,179

75

337

1,770

970

139

1,109

73

233 23

27 18

45

39 27

67

66

85 28

63

**

23 29

52

456

2,079

954

189 1,143170

57

30

87

:

:

:

1,7041,688

286 1,974 10,234 | 4,703

924 5,627 463 | 181 | 132|313

5.4364.4319.0

99.0418.0 2251.0 1024.4 305.8 1330.2 61.2 37.6 41.2 78.8

340.8 | 337.6 57.2394.8 (2046.8| 940.6| 184.81125.4 92.6 86.2 26.4 62.6

1893,

1894,

1895,

1896,

1897,

Total,.

YEAR.

Cases

reported.

No. of Persons

convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No.

arrested.

Cases

reported.

No. of Persons

convicted.

D.

2.-RETURN of MINOR OFFENCES reported to the POLICE, during the 10 Years ending 1897, showing Number of Prisoners Arrested, Convicted and Discharged.

ASSAULT.

GAMBLING.

MISCELLANEOUS.

DRUNKEN-

NO LIGHT

NUISANCES.

OR PASS.

NESS.

No. of Persons

discharged.

Total No.

arrested.

1888,

958

1,187

329

1,516

62

489

67

556

3,905

4,096

709

4,805

229

399

125

1889,

1,212

1,484

470 1,954

69

140

51

191

2,807

2,905

610 3,515

165

252

63

1890,

1,032 1,055

500 1,555

29

62

10

72 3,952

3,890

703

4,593

150

111

50

1891,

1,335 1,728

247

1,970

523

1,623

65

1,688

5,656

5,974

361

6,335

133

140

88

1892,

1,111

1,492

255

1,747

595

1,720

141

1,861

4,341

5,033

333

5,366

221

399

80

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

Total,

5,648

6,941 1,801

8,742

1,278 4,034

334

4,368

20,661

21,898

2,716 24,614

898

1,301

406

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No.

arrested.

1,057

1,315

219

1,534

319

1,031

109

1,140

4,328

4,749

333 5,082

192

510

57

1,007 1,151

250 1,401

218

843

90

933

3,806 4,161

428

4,589

302

538

191

1,240 1,503

360 1,863

171

676

75

751

5,400

5,968

551

6,519

378

1,223

2,196

1,135 1,441

219 1,660

126

732

16

748

4,342

5,147

343

5,490

336

1,245

3,477

1,404 1,795

287

2,082

145

666

66

732

4,122 4,538

412

4,950

132

780

150

Average of 1st period,

Average of 2nd period,

1129.6 1388.2

1168.6 1441.0

360.2 1748.4 255.6 806.8

66.8

873.6 4132.2

4379.6

543.2 4922.8

179.6

260.2

81.2

247.0 1708.0 195.8 789.6

71.2

860.8 4399.6 4912.6

413.4 5326.0

268.0

859.2

1214.2

5,843 7,205 1,335 8,540

979

3,948

356

4,304 21,998

24,563

2,067 26,630

1,340

4,296

6,071

159

Cases reported.

Cases

reported.

Cases

reported.

160

D.

3.-CASES REPORTED TO POLICE.

SERIOUS Offences.

In 1888,

2,436 cases.

In 1893,

1889,

2,893

1894,

دو

>>

1890,

3,100

"

""

1895,

!

1891,

2,994

,,

"

1896,

27

1892,

2,983

""

», 1897,

14,406 cases.

2,725 cases. 2,575 2,767 2,314 2,896

>>

27

:

"

13,277 cases.

Decrease of 7.83 per cent. in second period.

MINOR OFFENCES.

In 1888,

5,678 cases.

In 1893,

1889,

1890,

4,568 5,324

""

""

1894,

"

,,

1895,

1891,

>>

1892,

7,875 6,747

30,192 cases.

>>

35

1896,

""

1897,

6,463 cases.

6,062

{

"

10,608 10,661 6,783

""

""

40,527 cases.

Increase of 34.23 per cent. in second period.

In 1888,

8,114 cases.

Altogether.

In 1893,

1889,

19

1890,

7,461 8,424

"

>>

1894,

1895,

>>

""

35

1891,

""

39

1892,

10,869 9,730

1896,

77

""

1897,

44,598 cases.

:

9,188 cases. 8,637 13,375 12,975 9,629

>>

""

""

"

53,804 cases.

Increase of 20.64 per cent, in second period.

4.-DETAIL OF CASES REPORTED TO POLICE.

SERIOUS OFFENCES.

1888 to 1892.

Yearly Average. -1893 to 1897.

Yearly Average.

1. Murder,

11

2.2

28

5.6

2. Robbery with Violence,

220

44.4

89

17.8

3. Burglaries and Larcenies in Dwellings,

389

77.8

467

93.4

5. Kidnapping,

6. Piracy,

4. Assault with Intent to Rob,.....

7. Unlawful Possession,

8. Larcenies,...............•

9. Felonies not already given,

15

3.0

8

1.6

366

73.2

284

56.8

22

4.4

0

0.0

.1,822

364.4

1,704

340.8

.11,255

306

2,251.0 61.2

10,234

463

2,046.8 92.6

MINOR OFFENCES.

1888 to 1892.

Yearly Average.

1893 to 1897.

Yearly Average.

10. Assault,

11. Gambling,

12. Miscellaneous,

13. Drunkenness,

..5,648

1,129.6

5,843

1,168.6

..1,278

255.6

979

195.8

.20,661

4,132.2

21,998

4,399.6

898

179.6

1,840

268.0

14. Nuisances,

15. No Pass or Light,

.1,301

260.2

4,296

859.2

406

81.2

6,071

1,214.2

In 1888,

1889,

"

31

1890,

13

1891, 1892,

In 1888,

وو.

1889,

1890,

35

1891,

"

19

1892,

5.-NUMBER OF PERSONS ARRESTED BY POLICE.

FOR SERIOUS OFFENCES.

.1,672 persons.

In 1893,

.2,027 .2,028 .2,131 .2,220

>>

1894,

>>

1895,

""

33

1896,

"

""

1897,

""

10,078 persons.

FOR MINOR OFFENCES.

Excepting Nos. 13, 14 and 15 (See Table 2) of which no details are given.

..6,877 persons.

In 1893,

..5,660

"

1894,

2

6,220

1895,

"

.9,993

1896,

.8,974

22

""

1897,

37,724 persons.

.1,707 persous.

.1,493

.1,871

>>

.1,641 .1,842

""

"

8,559 persons.

7,756 persons.

...6,923

">

..9,133 .7,898 ..7,764

""

"

""

39,474 persons.

161

Altogether excepting Nos. 13, 14 and 15.

.8,549 persons. .7,687

9,463 persous. 8,421

In 1888,

In 1893,

1889, 1890,

1894,

""

>>

"J

1891.

.8,248 12,124

1895,

"J

**

1896,

""

""

""

1892,

.11,194

1897,

""

"

47,802 persons.

6.-DETAILS OF NUMBER OF PERSONS ARRESTED

FOR SERIOUS OFFENCES.

1. Murder,

2. Robbery with Violence from Person,

3. Burglaries and Larcenies from Dwellings,

4. Assault with Intent to Rob,

5. Kidnapping,

6. Piracy,....

7. Unlawful Possession,.

8. Larcenies,

9. Felonies not given,.

10. Assault,

11. Gambling,

12. Miscellaneous,

13. Drunkenness,

14. Nuisances,

15. No Pass or Light,

";

11,004 9,539 9,606

""

"}

>>

48,033 persons.

1888 to 1892.

1893 to 1897.

23

24

174

33

154

143

14

14

551

431

27

2,090

1,974

6,651

5,627

394

313

10,078

8,559

FOR MINOR OFFENCES.

1888 to 1892.

1893 to 1897.

8,742

8,540

4,368

4,304

24,614

26,630

898

1,340

1,301

4,296

406

6,071

40,329

51,181

7.-NUMBER OF PERSONS CONVICTED AND DISCHARGED

FOR SERIOUS OFFENCES.

Convicted.

Discharged.

Convicted.

Discharged.

In 1888,

..1.116

556

In 1893,

.1,391

316

1889,

.1,409

618

1894,

.1,224

274

"

1890,

.1,412

616

1895,

.1,478

393

"J

1891,

1,687

144

"

1896,

.1,378

263

""

1892,

..1,728

492

1897.

.1,497

345

""

7,352

2,426

6,968

1,591

FOR MINOR OFFENCES.

Convicted. Discharged.

Convicted.

Discharged.

In 1888, 1889,

..5,772

1.105

In 1893,

7,095

661

.4,529

1,181

1894,

...6,155

768

دو

>>

,,

1890,

5,007

1,213

1895,

8,147

986

""

1891,

.9,820

673

">

1896,

..7,820

578

"

""

1892,

.8,245

729

1897,

..6,999

765

"

32,873

4,851

35,716

3,758

Altogether excepting Nos. 13, 14 and 15.

Convicted.

Discharged.

Convicted.

Discharged.

In 1888,

.6,888

1,661

In 1893,

8,486

977

1889,

..5,938

1,749

1894,

"3

7,379

1,042

""

1890,

..6,419

1,829

1895,

""

9,625

1,379

""

1891,

11,007

817

"

1896,

8,698

841

1892,

......9,973

1,221

1897,

"}

8,496

765

13

40,225

7,277

42,684

5,001

162

TABLE E.

RETURN showing the STRENGTH, ENLISTMENTS and CASUALTIES in the Police Force during 1897.

Strength of the Force.

Enlistments.

Deaths.

Resignation through Sickness.

Resignation through expiry of terms

Dismissals

Total Number

or

Desertions.

of Service

or otherwise.

of Casualties.

European,

112

11

1

1

9

19

Indian,.........

226

35

3

11

14

36

64

Chinese,

292

103

++

4

63

38

108

Total,....

630*

149

16

86

82

191

1 Deputy

Do..

1 Paymaster,.

3 Clerks,

43 Coolies,

*This number includes the Police paid for by other Departments and Private Firms, but is exclusive of→

1 Captain Superintendent,

Grand Total, 679.

TABLE F.

RETURN of POLICE CONSTABLES treated in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL for FEVER, from 1st January to 31st December, 1897.

Central.

Nos. 1, 2 & 3

Stations.

No. 7.

Pokfulam.

Peak.

Chinese Strength,

European Strength,

Europeans,

Indian Strength,

Indians,

Chinese,

60

5

6

1

71

grand

127

12

22

44

3

16

102

33

35

283:

1

3

10

2

02

16

2

9

6881

:

Total,...

66

6

26

3

7

9

Aberdeen.

Yaumati.

Shaukiwan.

F. H. MAY, Captain Superintendent of Police.

Stanley.

Tsimshatsui.

Grand Total.

8

10

35

22

19

3

312663

13

3

10 09 00 01 10 N

11

23

117

42

2535

10

17

182

F. H. MAY,

Captain Superintendent of Police.

Enclosure.

HONGKONG, 27th January, 1898.

SIR,-I have the honour to report that during the year 1897, the Police School has been conducted much on the same lines as in previous year.

The conduct of the men in attendance has been uniformly good, and considering the fact that attendance at School is necessarily subordinated to l'olice duties proper, the progress has been satisfactory.

The progress of a good proportion of the Indians who have joined within the past eighteen months, has been especially satisfactory, and, if maintained, a fair supply of Ladian Interpreters may be expected in the future.

With the Chinese and Indian classes every endeavour has been made in the direction of teaching Colloquial English.

Mr. JAMESON having resigned while on leave Mr. C. W. DUGGAN, who had been acting, was then appointed Assistant Master.

The attendance has been about the same as in previous years.

The Honourable

Europeans, Indians,

Chinese,

Gaol Guards,

I have the honour to be,

F. H. MAY, C.M.G.,

Captain Superintendent of Police.

25

163

151

5

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

W. M. B. ARTHUR,

Master in Charge.

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE POSTMASTER GENERAL FOR 1897.

219 No. 21

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

Νο. 41.

GENERAL POST OFFICE, HONGKONG, 20th May, 1898.

98

SIR,-I have the honour to forward the following report on the British Postal Service in Hong- kong and China during the

year 1897.

2. Approximate statistics of correspondence received and despatched during the year are given in table A.

These figures are arrived at from statistics taken in October. Compared with 189€ the amount of international correspondence sbows an increase of 100,740 ordinary letters, and post cards despatched and 103,310 received; 15,360 newspapers and other articles despatched and 278,720 received; 38,910 registered articles despatched and 650 received. Local correspondence despatched shows an increase of 1,390 ordinary letters and post cards, and 9,930 registered articles; but a decrease of 1,740 newspapers and other articles. While that received shows a decrease of 45,060 letters and post cards and 17,070 newspapers, &c., but an increase of 1,980 registered articles.

3. Table B. gives the monthly sale of stamps at Hongkong as compared with 1896, showing an increased sale of $19,476.04, the average monthly sale being a little over $15,000 as against a little under $13,500 in 1896.

4. Table C. gives the statistics of parcels received and despatched, and Table D. the comparison with 1896. The outward Christmas and New Year mails comprised, respectively, 504 and 945 parcels, and the inward mails 702 and 987.

5. Table E. giving the revenue and expenditure for the year, compared with 1896, shows a nett increase in the revenue of $23,336.16 and in the expenditure of $18,799.12; the balance of revenue over expenditure being $61,536.20--an increase of $4,537.04 above that shown in 1896.

6. Table F, shows the number of parcels despatched to Europe by the P. & O. steamers and the amount of postage and insurance fees collected.

7. Table G. shows the Money Order business done during the year.

8. Messrs. ABBAS and J. C. REMEDIOS were appointed to the Registration Branch in February. Mr. MOORE was transferred to the Registrar General's Office as a student interpreter in October, and Mr. RODRIGUES to the Treasury in November. Messrs. Luz and SIMÕES were appointed to the vacancies.

9. In February last the Imperial Chinese Post Office was established, and a conference was held in May between representatives of that administration and of the Straits Settlements and myself.

Agreements for facilitating the transmission of correspondence, &c. were discussed and subsequently given effect to.

10. I inspected the British Postal Agencies in China finishing with Hoihow in January last and found everything satisfactory, although later last year an inspection by an officer in the Local Audit found that one branch was not so carefully administered as it might have been.

11. A contract was made with the Hongkong, Canton and Macao Steamboat Company in May for the carriage of mails between the three ports, and as a result I was enabled to deal with the question of Chinese correspondence which had formerly been smuggled out of and into the Colony.

I estimate the increase of revenue on that account at about $5,000.

12. The question of accommodation is more pressing than ever, since there has been a very large increase of postal business in the last two or three years.

The following comparative table of revenue during five years will show this increase almost exactly :-

1893,... 1894, 1895

1896. 1897,...

$167,600

192,170

244,450

245,280

268,600

The experience of the first four months of the current year shows that the revenue will exceed $320,000.

As an instance of improvement arising from proper provision in the above respect I

may state that the Registration Branch is now performing its work with as perfect accuracy as can be attained, no trouble as in the past having arisen for a good few months on account of loss of letters or other articles.

I therefore hope that Government will press on the construction of a new office without delay.

220

13. I may also call attention to the salaries of the subordinate officers though as I have had no complaint I did not consider it necessary to represent anything to Government specially on the subject. As an instance, the Compradore is paid only $480 while he has to find security for $1,000, handles over $200,000 of Government money per annum, and is responsible for the conduct of the Chinese staff of over 36 servants.

The postmen too, who are supposed to be able to read and write Chinese to a certain extent, get very meagre pay-not more in a great many cases than a house coolie, and it is therefore not a matter of surprise that the local delivery service is not so perfect as it might be, were better educated men engaged.

I have the honour to be,

Sir, Your obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY.

Table A.-Approximate Statistics for the Year 1897.

A. M. THOMSON,

Postmaster General.

International.

Local.

Comparison with 1896.

Description of Correspondence.

Total.

Des- patched.

Received.

Des- patched.

Received.

Total in 1896.

Increase. Decrease.

Ordinary Paid Letters,

Unpaid or Short-paid Articles,.

Letters on Postal Business, Post Cards (Single), Post Cards with reply,

960,620 1,137,860 88,010

51,220

2,237,710

2,100,930 | 136,780

5,200 39,420

620

3,700 3,420

1,510

470 1,040

45,710

29,030 16,680

9,670

10,120

450

13,780 27,350

1,380

630

43,140

35,130

8,010

260

650

50

30

990

1,630

640

Newspapers, Books, Circulars, &o., Patterns,

390,620 |1,172,780| 59,230

10,660 26,210 340

Do..

Registered Articles,

with Return Receipts,...

Local Delivery:-Letters, Circulars, &c.,

99,960

440

160,010 4,670

19,460 110

12,950 470 11,110 130

1,635,580

1,356,370 279,210

37,680

41,620

3,940

290,540

241,280

49,260

5,350

3,140

2,210

136,900

112,840

24,060

:

Table B.-Sale of Stamps at Hongkong 1896 and 1897.

1896.

January,

..$15,520.43

1897. $16,004.76

February,

11,713.62

13,565.94

March,

12,693.90

16,375.21

April,

15,083.72

14,234.29

May,..

12,218.73

14,743.61

June,

12,733.60

13,811.74

July,

13,664.26

14,427.57

August,

12,023.13

18,149.32

September,

11,837.54

15,591.71

October,

14,509.75

14,316.99

November,

14,155.97

15,644.49

December,

15,828.81

19,593.87

$161,983.46

$181,459.50

Table C.-Statistics of Parcels for the Year 1897.

Despatched to

Ordinary. Insured.

Received from

Ordinary.

Insured.

United Kingdom,

India,

7,699 812

1,955

United Kingdom,....

11,851

322 India,

720

1,222 300

Germany,

221

Germany,

633

Australia,

212

...

Australia,

188

Ceylon,

101

...

Ceylon,....

108

Malta and Gibraltar,

40

Malta and Gibraltar,

41

Egypt and Canada,

91

Egypt and Canada,

323

Coast Ports,

9,819

Coast Ports,

8,808

Total,.......

18,995

2,277

Total,......

22,672

1,522

7

!

י

-

:

Table D.-Parcels Received and Despatched during the Years 1896 and 1897.

221

Received from

1896.

1897. Increase. Decrease.

Despatched to

1896.

1897.

Increase. Decrease.

United Kingdom,....

12,400

13,073

673

Germany,

407

633

226

United Kingdom, .... Germany,

11,038

9,654

665

221

1,384 444

India,..

876

1,020

144

India,

985

1,134

149

Other Countries,

530

660

130

Other Countries,......

294

444

150

Coast Ports,

4,230

8,808

4,578

Coast Ports,

7,389

9,819

2,430

Grand Total,... 18,443

24,194

5,751

Grand Total,... 20,371

21,272

2,729

1,828

Table E.-Revenue and Expenditure 1897.

Receipts.

1896.

1897. Increase. Decrease.

Expenditure.

1896.

1897.

Increase. Decrease.

$

$

$

$

$

Sale of Stamps,

226,387.94 | 216,888.02| 20,500.08

Unpaid Postage,

7,182.57

7,178.95

3.62

Boxholders' Fees,

2,536.67

2,649.58

112.91

Commission on Money

Orders,

4.920.18

5,963.96 1,048.78

Profit on Exchange on

Money Order Trans-

3,986.32

5,664.35 1,677.53

actions,

Interest on Money

266.15

203.21

57.94

Order Fund,

Transit Payments to

United Kingdom, ... f

Transit Payments to

Other Countries,

Commission on Money

Orders,

Contribution towards

P. & C. Subsidy,

Gratuities to Ship- masters for Convey- ance of Mails,....

41,616.30 47,016.75

5,400.45

32,533.61 38,302.94

5,769.33

749.10

778.23

29.18

:

55,899.18 61,125.48

5,226.30

7,146.78

6,673.44

173.34

Void Money Orders and

Postal Notes,

63.12

63.42

Working Expenses,

50,336.20 53,183.40

2,847.20

Balance,

56,999.16 61,536.20 4,537.04

Total,.........$245,280.33 | 268,616.19 23,397.72

Date.

61.56

Total,.....$ 245,280.33 268,616.49 23,809.50

473.31

Table F.-Farcels for United Kingdom Posted in Hongkong during the Year 1897.·

Number of Parcels.

Postage.

Insurance Fees.

Date.

Number of

Postage.

Insurance. Fees.

Parcels.

Brought forward,...

4,292 $4,559.80

$ 172.80

January 14th,

325

$298.25

13.40

July

15th,

392

14th,

33

69.40

15th,

27

363.55 39.90

20.20

...

28th,

311

290.40

14.60

29th,

268

233.55

14.80

""

28th,

31

51.00

29th,

33

72.40

39

February 11th,

251

238.40

10.80

August 12th,

264

240.10

12.80

11th,

24

72.00

12th,

29

40.50

""

25th,

259

243.10

10.60

26th,

262

228.30

13.60

25th,

23

37.00

"

26th,

35

73.15

March

11th,

293

288.70

12.20

September 9th,

253

231.45

8.60

11th,

24

62.50

9th,

26

39.75

25th,

272

225.55

12.40

23rd,

297

281.55

23.00

"

""

25th,..

17

26.75

+

23rd,

33

61.15

April

8th,

302

278.80

10.20

October

7th,

225

218.25

15.20

""

8th,

24

41.10

7th,

20

40.25

"

22nd,.

341

306.90

18.60

"

21st,

340

357.75

16.20

22nd,

30

58.75

21st,

30

80.95

May

6th,

319

305.85

14.40

November 4th,

478

413.95

32.40

6th,

31

90.85

4th,

26

51.50

>>

>>

">

20th,

325

310.75

15.60

18th,

899

739.85

43.80

""

"

20th,

17

23.00

18th.

46

110.75

June

3rd,

289

234.85

13.60

December

2nd,

594

485.35

25.20

3rd,

26

42.50

2nd,

36

52.25

31

"

17th,

313

266.45

14.20

16th,

406

377.15

17.00

17th,

61

259.30

16th,

38

58.80

""

""

July

1st,

294

270.85

12.20

30th,

274

255.10

15.20

1st,

57

166.80

30th,

31

62.30

*

Carried forward,...

4,292

4,559.80

172.80

Grand Total,...

9,654

9,769.35

430.80

222

Table G.-MONEY ORDER BUSINESS, 1897.

Number

Colonial

Total

of

Amount.

Com-

Com-

Orders.

mission.

mission.

In Sterling.

Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports on United Kingdom,

Do.

on Queensland,

£

s. d.

$

C.

$ C.

2,623

8,657. 7. 3

301.90

27

81.11. 0

5.39

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

on New South Wales,

98

242. 9. 9

2.57

on Victoria,

79

177.15. 6

2.25

on South Australia,

10

18. 9. 7

.48

on Tasmania,

88

127.15. 9

7.13

on New Zealand,

15

39.12.11

.75

New South Wales

Total Outward Orders in Sterling,................

United Kingdom on Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports,

Queensland

Victoria

South Australia

Tasmania

་་

2,910

9,345. 1. 9

320.47

320.47

1,204

3,816.17. 6

194.67

Do.,

2,289

15,895. 3. 2

1,488.54

Do.,

831

4,024. 3. 5

425.25

Do.,

632

3,707. 7.10

384.47

Do.,

184

1,425. 3.10

150.53

Do.,

127

394.19. 8

41.53

New Zealand

Do.,

244

1,326.16. 6

139.00

Total Inward Orders in Sterling,

5,511

30,590.11.11

2,823.99

2,823.99

In Gold Dollars.

$

C.

Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports on United States of America,

188

1,844.59

Do.

on Canada,

53

717.94

32.42 9.23

Total Outward Orders in Gold Dollars,..........

241

2,562.53

41.65

41.65

United States of America on Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports, Canada

314

4,844.12

52.34

Do.,

163

4,530.08

48.48

Hawaii

Do.,

3

15.20

,17

Total Inward Orders in Gold Dollars,

480

9,389.40

100.99

100.99

In Silver Dollars.

Hongkong on Shanghai,

Do. on Coast Ports,

131 23

2,909.91

50.20

471.98

8.40

Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports on Japan (including transfers from

Australia, Straits, Borneo, &c.,

2,495

149,355.66

95.04

Do. Do.

on Straits Settlements,

172

2,931.75

35.54

on Siam,

12

317.86

1.18

Do.

on British North Borneo,

11

122.25

2.17

Total Outward Orders in Silver Dollars,

2,847

156,109.41

192.53

192.53

Shanghai on Hongkong and Coast Ports,

100

1,893.19

Japan on Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports,

279

6,749.44

40.20 2.95

Straits Settlements

Do.,

928

24,368.79

148.03

Siam

British North Borneo

Do., Do.,

41

323

750.75 12,026.44

7.51

120.27

Total Inward Orders in Silver Dollars,

1,671

45,788.61

318.96

318.96

In Rupees.

Rs.

as.

Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports on India,

Do.

on Ceylon,

1,000 - 26

62,402. O 1,153. 7

301.13

2.29

Total Outward Orders in Rupees,

1,026

63,555. 7

306.42

306.42

India on Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports,

367

26,801.14

Ceylon

Do.,

8

204. 2

88.50 .72

Total Inward Orders in Rupees,

375

27,006. 0

89.22

89.22

Carried forward,...

4,194.23

MONEY ORDER BUSINESS, 1897,—Continued.

Imperial Postal Orders Payable in the United

Kingdom.

Brought forward,...........

223

Number

Colonial Total

of

Amount.

Orders.

Com- mission. mission.

Com-

£

s. d.

$

C.

$ C.

:

4,194.23

1/- Orders,

1,096

1/6

1,031

""

54.16. 0 77.6.6

Sold at Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports,

51-

868

217, 0, 0

993.44

10-

1,070

535. 0. 0

وو

20/-

25

2,295

2,295. 0. 0

Total Sterling Orders,

6,360

3,179. 2. 6

993.44

993.44

Local Postal Notes Payable in Hongkong, Shanghai

and Coast Ports.

$

C.

25-Cent Notes,

139

34.75

50

187

93.50

"

""

1.00

127

127.00

"

2.00

153

306.00

Sold at Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports,

111.52

3.00

149

447.00

""

4.00

169

676.00

5.00

246

"

1,230.00

10.00

264

2,640.00

"

Total Dollar Orders,

1,434

5,554.25

111.52

111.52

$ 5,299.19

A. M. THOMSON,

Postmaster General.

259

No. 24

98

HONGKONG.

REPORT ON THE PRAYA RECLAMATION WORKS FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency

the Officer Administering the Government.

PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT.

No. 259.

PUBLIC WORKS OFFICE, HONGKONG, 23rd May, 1898.

SIR,In accordance with the request of Mr. E. BOWDLER, late Special Engineer, Praya Recla- mation Works, I have the honour to forward his report for last year and submit that it be printed separately from the Public Works Department report sent in on the 26th ultimo.

The Honourable

THE ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

R. D. ORMSBY, Director of Public Works.

No. 145.

PRAYA RECLAMATION OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 31st January, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to submit for the information of His Excellency the Governor the Statistics and Report on the Praya Reclamation Works for the year ending 31st December, 1897. The statistics have been prepared in accordance with the report and instructions of the Director of Public Works and the Local Auditor and approved by His Excellency the Governor in C.S.O. 818

of 1892.

Section No. 1.-Eastern portion on a length of 975 feet and containing 134,560 square feet of land assignable to Crown Lessees. Contract No. 18 made with TSANG KENG on the 21st February, 1894, for completing the upper portion of the sea wall (above the concrete blocks) constructing Storm Water Drains, filling in and reclaiming the land, forming and levelling the roads and footpaths, constructing side channels, concreting and macadamizing roads, footpaths, &c., the work to be completed on the 8th October, 1895. The work under this Contract was suspended on the 18th April, 1896, to allow the new buildings authorized by C.S.O. No. 495 of 1896 being erected on the reclaimed land, also the pipe sewers, water and gas mains being laid, the two former by the Public Works Department and the latter by the Gas Company. And in view of the delay in completing the work the Contract was cancelled on the 10th July last and the balance retained for maintenance, penalty for overtime, &c. was paid to TSANG KENG on the 14th of that month in full discharge of all claims against the Government on account of this Contract.

On the 28th December tenders were received for completing, concreting and macadamizing the roads, streets, footpaths, &c. of the Eastern portion of this section.

Section No. 2.-The sea wall is 770 feet long and the reclaimed land assignable to the Crown Lessees has an area of 114,480 square feet.

Contract No. 13 made with TSANG KENG on the 16th August, 1892, for completing the upper portion of the sea wall (above the concrete blocks) constructing storm water drains, filling in and reclaiming the land, forming and levelling the roads and footpaths, constructing side channels, con- creting and macadamizing the roads, footpaths, &c., the work to be completed on or before the 7th June, 1894. The work under this Contract was suspended on the 23rd February. 1895, to allow the new buildings authorized by C.S.O. No. 1448 of 1894 being erected on the reclaimed land, also the pipe sewers, water and gas mains being laid, the former by the Public Works Department and the latter by the Gas Company. The work was resumed on the 11th June and with a view to getting

260

the work completed within a reasonable time an agreement was made with TSANG KENG to complete the whole of the work still unfinished and included in the said Contract on or before the 11th January, 1898. The total quantity of work executed under this agreement is 1,665 cubic yards of lime con- crete in foundations of Praya road, 1,119 superficial square of roads and footpaths levelled and formed to shape, 55,331 square feet lime concrete 6" deep laid and rolled surfacing of roads, 11,276 square feet of lime concrete 4" deep laid and rolled surfacing of footpaths, 392 superficial squares of road macadamized, 160 lineal feet of side channel 2 feet wide laid and 298 lineal feet of channel taken up and relaid.

Section No. 3.-The sea wall is 1,060 feet long and the reclaimed land assignable to the Crown Lessees has an area of 216,688 square feet.

Contract No. 23.-made with TSANG KENG on the 4th March, 1895, for completing the upper portion of the sea wall, landing steps and landing pier (above the concrete blocks) constructing storm water drains, reclaiming the land, levelling and forming the roads and footpaths, constructing side channels, concreting and macadamizing the roads, footpaths, &c., &c., the whole to be completed on or before the 11th April, 1898. The quantity of work executed during the year under review is as follows, viz., 52,051 cubic yards earth filled in reclamation, 19,605 cubic feet granite ashlar set in cement in sea wall, 415 cubic yards cement concrete backing of sea wall, 1,151 cubic yards rubble stone hand-packed backing of sea wall, 275 cubic yards lime concrete in counterforts and foundation of Praya road, 657 cubic feet granite ashlar in cement in storm water drains, 1,180 lineal feet of stoneware pipes laid in storm water drains, 3,168 superficial feet lime concrete 3" deep under paving, 11,704 superficial feet lime concrete 4" deep surfacing of footpaths, 6,815 superficial lime concrete 6" deep foundations of drains, 2,342 cubic feet rough granite in lime mortar in retaining wall, 2,742 superficial feet granite paving taken up and relaid, 531 superficial feet channel formed in concrete and rendered in cement, 451 lineal feet of channel taken up and relaid, 2,049 lineal feet of granite curb and channel laid in cement, No. 3 manholes built, 19 gullies and gratings set, No. 14 ring-bolts fixed complete and 1,298 cubic feet of granite in old sea wall taken down, the stone cleaned and stacked on the reclaimed land in front of the Sailors' Home.

Departmental Work done by the Divers, &c., viz., 560 superficial feet foundations of sea wall and pier levelled, formed and concreted, 110 lineal feet of concrete blocks set containing 3,911 cubic feet weighing about 244 tons and 61 cubic yards rubble stone hand-packed backing of concrete blocks.

Section No. 4.-The sea wall is 929 feet long and the reclaimed land assignable to the Crown Lessees has an area of 76,563 square feet. The larger portion of the work on this section during the year under review has been done departmentally, viz., 1,442 superficial feet of foundations of sea wall levelled, formed and concreted, 237 lineal feet of concrete blocks set containing 8,243 cubic feet, and weighing about 515 tons, 82 cubic yards rubble stone hand-packed backing of concrete blocks and 1,894 cubic yards of mud raised by Dredger filled into junks and conveyed outside Green Island.

On the evening of the 7th March last a portion of the rubble stone foundations on a length of 314 feet whilst being weighted with 85,248 cubic feet of concrete blocks weighing about 5,328 tons, suddenly and withont warning, subsided to a depth of about 28 feet. All these blocks have been taken up except a few which have either been broken or lost in the mud.

Section No. 5.-The length of the sea wall is 1,374 feet and the area of the reclaimed land assign- able to the Crown Lessees is 155,243 square feet.

Contract No. 36, made with TSANG KENG on the 11th February, 1896, in Confidential C.S.O. No. 2 of 1896, for the construction of the rubble stone foundations of sea wall and storm water drains the whole to be completed on or before the 1st February, 1897.

On the expiration of the time of completion of the Contract the work being still unfinished and the progress slow and unsatisfactory, therefore with a view to getting the work completed so as to allow the upper surface of the rubble stone foundations of sea wall being levelled and concreted and the concrete blocks (forming base of sea wall) laid during the low tides of May, June and July, an agreement was made by the Crown Solicitor (C.S.O. No. 517 of '97) with TSANG KENG and his security, TAI SUN FAT, to complete and hand over the work in three instalments. The first or eastern third of the whole length to be completed on the 23rd April, the middle third on the 23rd May, and the last or western portion on the 8th June. The several portions were not, however, completed until the 16th May, 30th May and 2nd June, the whole being completed

completed on the 17th June.

During the year under review 45,828 cubic yards of rubble stone and quarry chippings were used on this work and about 36,360 superficial feet of the upper surface of the rubble stone foundations roughly formed and levelled.

Contract No. 44 was made with YAU KUNG CHEUNG on the 10th May (Confidential C.S.O. No. 13 of 1897) for levelling, forming and concreting the upper surface of the rubble stone foundations of sea wall and landing steps on a length of 800 feet, raising foundation of ring-bolts, backing the first course of concrete blocks with rubble stone hand-packed, &c., the whole to be completed on or before the 13th August.

.

261

The work was commenced on the 16th May and the following works, viz. :-12,930 superficial feet of rubble stone foundations levelled, formed to shape and concreted (bed for concrete blocks) and 1,182 cubic yards of rubble stone hand-packed backing of concrete blocks. The work was carried on with despatch and completed in a satisfactory manner within the Contract time.

""

Departmental Work, done by Divers, " pontoon crane, &c., viz. :-7,560 superficial feet of rubble stone foundations levelled, formed and concreted forming base of landing steps, laid 6 feet below datum, two courses of concrete blocks containing 5,750 cubic feet and weighing about 369 tons set below datum and 498 cubic yards of rubble stone hand-packed backing of the concrete blocks, and the foundations of sea and landing steps weighted on a length of 493 feet, 175,139 cubic feet of concrete blocks weighing 10,946 tons being used for that purpose.

Sections Nos. 6 and 7, between Pottinger Street and Ice House Street, being the Eastern portion of the former on a length (sea wall) of 719 feet and the Western portion of the latter on a length (sea wall) of 283 feet; and the area of the reclaimed land (assignable to the Crown Lessees) of the Eastern portion is 97,013 square feet and of the Western portion 79,910 square feet.

Contract No. 43, made with CHAN YING CHEONG on the 8th May. For the construction of the upper portion of the sea wall, landing piers and landing steps (above the concrete blocks) completing the storm water drains, filling in and reclaiming the land, forming and levelling the roads and footpaths, constructing side channels, concreting and macadamizing roads, footpaths, &c., the work to be com- pleted on or before the 7th May, 1898. During the year under review 54,918 cubic yards of earth have been filled in the reclamation, 2,822 cubic yards rubble stone hand-packed in embankment, backing of sea wall, &c., 684 cubic yards cement concrete and 486 cubic yards lime concrete laid in backing of sea wall and storm water drains and hearting of landing piers, 24,110 cubic feet granite ashlar in cement in sea wall, landing pier, and storm water drains, and 20,300 cubic feet granite ashlar in old sea wall taken down, cleaned and re-used in new sea wall.

Departmental work done by divers, pontoon crane, block barges, &c. on these sections, viz., 1,498 superficial feet of foundations of sea wall levelled, formed and concreted, 360 lineal feet concrete blocks (single course) set containing 12,420 cubic feet and weighing about 776 tons, 256 lineal feet of foundations of sea wall weighted with concrete blocks containing 91,062 cubic feet and weighing about 5,691 tous and the rubble stone foundation of storm water drain in Pedder Street weighted on a length of 60 feet with concrete blocks containing 7,663 cubic feet and weighing about 479 tons, also 41 cubic yards rubble stone hand-packed backing to first course, base of landing steps.

Earth filling in reclamations.-Contract No. 40 made with YAU KUNG CHEUNG on the 1st October, 1896, (Confidential C.S.O. No. 73 of 1896) for excavating and depositing in hopper barges 80,000 cubic yards of earth, of which 63,993 cubic yards have been supplied this year, the whole being completed on the 24th June

Contract No. 45 made with CHAN WAN and CHAN LOONG on the 1st July, (Confidential C.S.O. No. 73 of 1897) for excavating and depositing in the hopper barges 70,000 cubic yards of earth, of which 48,460 cubic yards bave been supplied this year, also 21,295 cubic yards of earth from Government works (Taipingshan Improvements), 73,254 cubic yards materials raised by the Govern- ment Dredger, 12,466 cubic yards of earth and spoil from other sources and 54,918 cubic yards under Contract No. 43 have been deposited in the reclamations, viz., 52,051 cubic yards in Section No. 3, 11,319 cubic yards in Section No. 4, 202,749 cubic yards in Section No. 5, and 60,318 cubic yards in portions of Sections Nos. 6 and 7, making the total quantity of earth and spoil deposited in these reclamations during the year ending 31st December, 1897, 326,437 cubic yards.

Supply of Portland Cement.- Contracts Nos. 42 and 46 were made with the Green Island Cement Co. (Confidential C.S.O. No. 5 of 1897 and Confidential C.S.O. No. 41 of 1897 respectively) for supply- ing 6,000 casks of cement.

Cement supplied by this Company during the year was 5,300 casks. On the 11th November, 1897, a Contract No. 12 P.W.D. (Confidential C.S.O. No. 57 of 1897) was also made with the Green Island Cement Co. for supplying 535 tons of Portland cement in bags of 250 tbs. each, first delivery of 800 bags to be made on the 1st February, 1898.

Reconstruction of Government Piers.-Murray Road Pier. Contract No. 41 inade with CHAN CHEONG on the 5th January, 1897 (Confidential C.S.O. No. 99 of 1896) for the construction in granite ashlar masonry the upper portion of the pier above the concrete blocks. The work was carried on in a fairly satisfactory manner and the whole completed and opened to traffic on the 16th September. During the year under review 9,118 cubic granite ashlar in cement have been set, 63 cubic yards cement concrete, and 628 cubic yards lime concrete have been laid in hearting of Pier, No. 4 ring- bolts and 5 cast iron boltards have been fixed, also 3 lamp posts with lanterns fixed and the on complete.

gas laid

Departmental work done by divers, pontoon crane and block barges, to the lower portion of this pier, viz., No. 4 closing blocks of different sizes containing 405 cubic feet have been set and 38 cubic

262

feet cement concrete deposited in situ, the guide pile cut off below datum and the foundations trimmed by divers. The piles of the old wharf were cut off below datum and the superstructure removed.

Nam Pak Hong Pier.-Departmental work done by divers, pontoon crane and block barges, viz., 1,260 superficial feet rubble stone foundations formed, levelled and concreted, 10,164 cubic feet concrete blocks set in the first, second, third and fourth courses, (the first course being laid 9 feet below Ordnance Datum) and 220 cubic yards rubble stone hand-packed backing of blocks.

The completion of the granite ashlar masonry of the upper portion of this pier above the concrete blocks is included in Contract No. 23, the whole of which, except about one-half the coping and the paving of the platform, have been completed during the year.

Pedder Street Piers and Landing Steps, and a portion of the sea wall on each side of the Piers. The upper surface of the rubble stone foundations containing 3,447 superficial feet has been levelled and formed, and 3,652 superficial feet covered with a layer of cement concrete 4 inches thick forming bed for the first course of concrete blocks. The first, second, third and a portion of the fourth course of concrete blocks containing 25,922 cubic feet have been set and the joints and joggles run in cement. The hearting containing 799 cubic yards of rubble stone has been laid and hand-packed by divers, the rubble stone foundations have been weighted and consolidated, concrete blocks containing 130,032 cubic feet and weighing about 8,127 tons having been used for that purpose.

Pottinger Street Pier.-The quantities of masonry and hearting of the upper portion of the pier above the concrete blocks are included in Contract No. 43 completion of Eastern and Western portions of Sections Nos. 6 and 7.

Making Concrete Blocks.-Contract No. 24 made with YAU KUNG CHEUNG on the 24th February, 1895, (C.S.O. No. 297 of 1895), for the manufacture of 1,000 concrete blocks was in September of the same year extended for the manufacture of 1,500 additional concrete blocks; in October, 1896, it was again extended for the manufacture of 800 concrete blocks, and in July, 1897, it was again extended for the manufacture of an additional number of blocks. During the year under review No. 805 concrete blocks have been made containing 3,223 cubic yards of concrete, and 23,309 cubic feet of granite ashlar facing. The whole of the work under this Contract and the extensions have been carried out in a very satisfactory and workmanlike manner.

Plant. Owing to the exigency of the service only minor repairs have been made to the plant, consequently the whole of the floating plant requires to be docked, cleaned, painted and thoroughly overhauled. The two block barges and crane pontoon are now in the hands of the Hongkong and Whampoa Dock Company undergoing repair, &c.

I have the honour to be,

The Honourable R. D. ORMSBY,

Director of Public Works.

Sir,

Your obedient Servant.

E. BOWDLER,

Special Engineer.

To 31st December, 1896.

PRAYA RECLAMATION WORKS. Statement of Works executed to 31st December, 1897.

During 1897.

To 31st December, 1897. Rubble. Filling. Ashlar. Concrete. Rubble. Filling. Ashlar. Concrete. Rubble. Filling. Ashlar. Concrete.

Cub. yds. Cub.yds. Cub. yds. Cub. yds. Cub. yds. Cub. yds. Cub. yds. Cub. yds. Cub. yds. Cub. yds. Cub. yds. Cub, yds. 81,208 1611

Sections.

Contract

No.

Remarks.

Section No. 1

91

&

16

93

1

1

""

""

JV

34,924

12,836

81,208 34,924

1611

12,836

Deposited by Barges.

1

18

""

>>

94

4,399

111,406 59,604 3,033

4,399

111,406 59,604 3,033

"}

""

>>

>>

}}

""

3

""

">

""

>>

3

>>

"

50

""

""

"}

""

""

245

4

}}

A

"5

"

4

40

""

96

">

>>

"}

>>

">

& OFF IN IA YA IA IA 00 00 00 00 00 N N

2

1

90

30 & 1117,001

52,254 21,200

465

117,001

52,254 21,200

465

1 3

1,831

156,472 40,799

1,755

2,829

1,831

156,472 40,799

4,584

4 12. 17 | 164,159

77,464

125

164,159

77,464

125

203,669

23

94

94

3 C.S.O. 1885 662

203,669

Deposited by Barges.

113

662

113

18,715

83,976 42,093

2,445

1,151 52,051 22,415

990

19,866 136,027 64,508

3,435

3 C.S.O. 2172

96

seite wjc resto

96

kako take mo

2,585

112,585

2,585

...

112,585

4,280 c. y. to be transferred to Sec. 3. Cont. 23.

19,769

448

19,769

14,919

155

14,919

448

155

:

7,584

7,362

14,946

4,949

3,957

8,906

20,039

20,039

36,745

36,745

...

13,933

13,933

3,109

3,109

39

102,692

45,828

148,520

>>

>>

"}

""

"

5

10 10 10 10

45

97

48,460

48,460

40

63,993

96

63,993

73,254

73,254

44

--

""

97

1,182

1,182

وو

وو

6 C.S.O. 1137

5,459

95

5,459

7,919 c. y. for Cont. 25. 7,000 c. y. for Cont. 37. From Taipingshan.

various sources.

Deposited by Barges.

Deposited by junks from Dredger.

From Taipingshan.

various sources.

By Hopper Barges.

""

Deposited by junks from Dredger.

Deposited by junks.

Nos. 6/7

"

6/7

A

6/7

{૭૭૭

Otajon

132,052

132,052

11,542

370

987

5,198

315

987

11,542

5,198

370

315

6/7

"

""

">

""

""

6/7

6/7

27,911|

138,966]

27,911

138,966

5,400

5,400

Deposited by junks from Dredger. Deposited by Barges.

From various sources.

6/7

43

>>

وو

97

2,822 54,918 24,110

1,170

6/7

39

578

">

""

96

18,898 650

5

>>

O 9T DT 92

or 131,077

10

7,186

""

91

173 86,000 60,953 2,1201 328,408 93,500 10,920

2,822

578

54,918 24,110

18,898

650

131,077

86,000 60,953

1,170

173

2,120

7,186

328,408 93,500 10,920

13,528]

""

""

13,528]

Deposited by junks from Dredger.

Rn. Govt. Piers.'

30

2,400

96

2,400

895,036 1,421,488 355,308

22,599

50,983 326,437 46,525

4,989 946,019 1,747,925 401,833 27,588

E. BOWDLER, Special Engineer.

263

PRAYA RECLAMATION WORKS.

Statement of Concrete Blocks Work executed December 31st, 1897.

264

Section No. 1.

No. 2.

""

No. 3..

>>

No. 4....

No. 5.

No. 6..

""

No. 7.

To 31st December, 1896.

During 1897.

To 31st December, 1897.

Portion of work.

Blocks made.

Blocks set.

Blocks made.

Blocks set.

Blocks made.

Blocks set.

2,513

2,513

1,883

4,396

2,513

1,963

1,963

1,963

1,963

2,740

2,577

148

2,740

2,725

2,508

1,136

568

2,508

1,704

3,664

2,206

3,664

2,206

2,889

1,572

1,833

209

4,722

1,781

605

160

392

605

552

Government Piers.

Pottinger Street...

705

705

705

705

Pedder's Street

1,231

.493

231

960

1,462

1,453

Murray Road......

709

694

11

709

705

Nam Pak Hong.

237

139

376

376

376

A

E. BOWDLER,

Special Engineer.

19,764

11,813

4,086

4,870

23,850

16,683

Y

PRAYA RECLAMATION WORKS.

Statement of Account to 31st December, 1897.

Contribution Contribution received to 31st received during December, 1896. 1897.

Interest

account 31st Dec., 1897.

Balance

Total

Receipts.

Expenditure to 31st Dec., 1896.

Expenditure during 1897.

Total.

to debit of

Fund.

Balance

to credit of

Fund.

Section No. 1

$240,365.46

$ 15,963.88

$ 2,153.68

Do.

2

251,176.20

4,008.75

$258,483.02

255,184.95

$ 242,087.56

$ 24,596.23

$ 266,683.79

8,200.77

223,738.93

11,705.77

"

235,444.70

$ 19,740.25

Do.

3

344,533.92

56,142.09.

19,324.60

420,000.61

384,253.73

43,961.02

""

378,214.75

. 41,785.86

Do.

4

109,100.74

50,867.95

9,817.44

169,786.13

120,108.89

11,964.17

132,373.06

87,413.07

Do.

5

"

76,501.50

68,661.50

12,905.89

158,068.89

118,345.72

62,780.32

181,126.04

23,057.15

Do.

6

224,555.98

27,482.53

27,784.69

279,773.20

196,013.24

50,382.14

246,395.38

33,377.82

Do.

273,766.55

18,833.99

13,821,52

306,422.06

264,692.48

27,919.28

292,611.76

13,810.30

$1,520,000.35

$ 237,951.94

$ 89,766.57

$1,847,718.86 $1,499,540.55

$ 233,308.93 $1,732,849.48

$ 31,257.92 $ 146,127.20

Government Section No. 4

Do.

Do.

$ 19,367,20

46,226.72

Do.

Do.

6

"}

11,704.25

$ 17,000.00

30,000.00

18,000.00

$ 1,248.85

1,162.30

$ 37,616.05

18,247.60

$ 3,290.36

21,537.96

$ 16,078.09

77,389.02

28,486.08

18,515.52

47,001.60

30,387.42

1,314.76

31,019.01

8,035.07

3,337.25

11,372.32

19,646.69

Do.

Do.

246,257.83

1,713.61

247,971.44

>>

233,156.60

3,393.29

236,549.89

11,421.55

$ 323,556.00

$ 65,000.00

$ 5,439.52

$ 393,995.52

$ 287,925.35 $ 28,536.42 $ 316,461.77

$ 77,533.75

$1,843,556.35

$ 302,951.94

$ 95,206.09

$2,241,714.38

$1,787.465.90 $ 261,845.35

$2,049,311.25

Reconstruction Govt. Piers and Interest

Interest from Lot Holders

124,119.79

Reconstruction Govt. Piers.

63,799.36

339.40

Stock on hand

4,352.42

Crown Agents' Account

Profit on Cement

1,131.45

15,676.12

Store Account

Deposit with Col. Govt.

Balance cash on hand

179,24

261,000.00

4,338.87

$2,382,981.14

$2,882,981.14

E. BOWDLER, Special Engineer.

265

}

!

:

HONGKONG.

CALENDAR OF PROBATE AND ADMINISTRATION FOR 1897.

165

No.

13

98

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

No. 66.

SIR,

SUPREME COURT, HONGKONG, 19th March, 1898.

I have the honour to forward to you herewith the Calendar of Probate and Administration granted by the Supreme Court during the year 1897.

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&c.,

&c.,

&c.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

J. W. NORTON-KYSHE, Registrar.

166

CALENDAR of PROBATE and ADMINISTRATION granted by the SUPREME COURT of HONGKONG during the Year 1897.

No.

Date of

Name of Testator or

Intestate.

Time and Place of Death.

Grant.

Probate, Administration with the Will annexed, or Administration.

Value

Name and Description of the Executor or Administrator.

Sworn

under

$

C.

1896.

1 Dec. 29 William George Pearne,

4th Nov., 1896, Hongkong,

Letters of Adm., James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Administrator.

1,600.00

2

31 Li Shing,

18th Aug., 1896, Canton,

Probate,

Li Leung Shi and Li Chim Shi,

5,000.00

China,

3

31 Subder Ali,

16th Mar., 1896, Hongkong.

Letters of Adm.,

"

James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Administrator,

300.00

4

"

31 | Daniel Stephen Heaysman,. 30th Nov., 1896, Hongkong,

Letters of Adm.

Do.,

400,00

with the Will

1897.

5 Jan. 5

Yu Wong,..

14th Dec., 1896, Nam Leung,

China,

annexed. Probate,

Yu Yik Chung, the Executor,

6,000.00

6

5

23rd Dec., 1896, Hongkong,

1896.

25th Apr., 1896, Po Kong,

China.

9

10

11

16

""

16

12

14 Mak Won,

""

13

i+

14

"}

15

5 Chau Siu Lin,

22

16

17

18

"

**

"

1896. 19 Nov. 28

28

John Wallace,

7Dec. 31 Tai Yuk Wa,

1897.

8 Jan. 5 Chan Kum,

11 Dominico Musso,,

José Fillipe Tavares, Louis Grünaŭer,

22 Tam Chai................

22 Walter Chandler,

17th Feb., 1896, Hongkong,

16th Dec., 1896, Hongkong,

13th June, 1896, Hongkong, 25th Dec., 1896, Swatow,

China,

21st Dec., 1896, at Sea,

13th Jan., 1896, Hongkong, 2nd Jan. 1897, Hongkong,

29th June, 1896, Canton,

China,

Letters of Adm. de bonis non, Letters of Adm.,

Francisca Antonia Tavares, the widow,, Frederick Day Goddard, one of the Exe-

Bonifacio Innocente d'A- | 31st Dec., 1896, Hongkong, | Letters of Adm., | Annie Aquino, the widow,

Do.,

Alexander Gardner Ewing, one of the

Executors.

Letters of Adm.,

Tai Ayung, son of the deceased,

16,800.00 800.00

Chan Cho Shi, the widow,

Vincenzo Pietro Musso di Peralta, son of

the deceased,...

Do.. Probate,

119,200.00 280.00

cutors....

39,500.00

Letters of Adm.,

James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Administrator,

250.00

!

Do.. Do..

Tam Üt Chün, son of the deceased, James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Administrator,

1,350.00

200.00

Letters of Adm. with the Will annexed,

Lum Lun, son of the deceased,

5,000.00

+

:

1,100.00

quino,

28

William Doran,

28

Li Kam,

4th Jan., 1897, Hongkong,

24th Dec., 1896, Hongkong,

William Ingram Stewart, ...

20

28

""

Peter Foster, James Stewart, ....

1897.

23

24

21 Dec. 7

22 Nov. 28 Peter McGregor,

23 Feb. 19 Yip Chun Shan,

26th June, 1879, Canton,

China,

15 Augustus Rawlins Hudson.. 25th Aug., 1893, South

25 11 Marciano Antonio Baptista, 26 Jan. 28 Ng Woon Sun alias Ng Pak

Foo,

27 Feb. 27Francisco Luis Roxas, 28 Mar. 2 William Brand,

29 Feb. 26 Johannes Petersen,.

30 Mar. 10 William George Pearne,

Hampstead, England,

18th Dec., 1896, Hongkong, 5th Sept., 1896, Hongkong,

11th Feb., 1897, Manila, 26th June, 1896, Royat Puy

de Dôme, France, 12th Feb., 1897, Hongkong,

4th Nov., 1896, Hongkong,

with the Will

4th Nov., 1896, Hongkong,

26th Oct., 1896, Hongkong, 14th Oct., 1896, Mirs Bay,

China,

Do.,

Probate,

Letters of Adm.,

James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Administrator, Lau Shi, the Executrix...

i

250.00 2,500.00

:

+

James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Administrator,

100.00

DO.

Do.,

...

Do.,

Do.,

1st Oct., 1896, Hongkong,

Do.,

Do.,

Letters of Adm. Yip Wa Ling, son of the deceased,

100 00

14,500.00

annexed, Do.,

Charles Stewart Sharp, Attorney for

Emily Hudson and Adeline Maria Hudson, the Executrixes,

58,900.00

Letters of Adm., Do.,

Maria Josepha Baptista, the widow, James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

1,900.00

Administrator,

150.00

Do., Probate,

Maria Elio Roxas, the widow,

5,010.00

Joseph Henry Wood, one of the Exe-

cutors,

970.00

Letters of Adm.,

James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Administrator,

1,200.00

Do.,

William Finch, Attorney for Eleanor Pearne, the widow. (Letters of Ad- ministration granted on 29th Decem-

31

"

16 William Thompson,

1896.

2nd Apr., 1896, Dunehoille, Strathtay, Perth, North Britain,

Probate,

ber, 1896, to the Official Administra- tor having been revoked), Agnes Thompson, the widow,

1,500.00 5,250.00

1897.

32 Dec. 14 George Brown Lefavour,

33 Mar. 18 George Harper,

18th June, 1896, Utah, U.S.

America,

Do.,

Charles Tomlin and Charles Klinke, Exe-

cutors,

14,800.00

7

5th Dec., 1896, Middlesex,

England,

Do.,

Helen Harper, the Executrix,

41,000.00

34

6 Ho Ham,

22nd July, 1896, Hongkong,

Do.,

}"

Ho In Shü alius Ho Wai Hing, the Exe-

cutor,

7,500.00

35

18 James Walker Knox,

13th Mar., 1897, Hongkong,

Letters of Adm., | James William Norton-Kyshe, Official Administrator,

300.00

36

37

25 Ada Hayden,

6 Norberto Joaquim Gomes,... 11th Feb., 1896, Kobe,

8th Mar., 1897, Hongkong,

>>

Japan,

X

38 Jan.

5 Cheung Yeung Fuk,

39

28 Joseph Player,

15th Oct.. 1895, Chun Lung,

Shaukiwan,

Do., Letters of Adm. with the Will annexed, Letters of Adm.,

Do.,

1,600.00

DO:

1.700.00

Soon I Mui, the widow,.......

30.00

9th Mar., 1895, Allesley, in the County of Warwick,

Probate,

Eliza Newsome Player, Joseph William

Player and George Steanc, the Exe- cutrix and Executors,

375.00

時尚

42

43

44

26 Cheang Chai alias Tsai Tung,

40 Mar. 29 Chan Yee,

41

29 Li Wing Kai,

29 Li King Wo,

26 Alexander Stewart Harper,.

5th Mar., 1889, Laú Chun,

China,

5th May, 1896, Tokio,

Japan,

23rd Nov., 1892, Macao,

14th Mar., 1897, Hongkong, Letters of Adm., James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Administrator,

1,300.00

19th June, 1838, Laú Chun,

China,

Do.,

Li So Shi, the widow,

280.00

Do.,

Probate,

Li Leung Shi, the widow,.......... Patrick Rose Harper, the Executor,

140.00

Do.,

Cheang Koon Sin, the Executor,

14,500.00

L

:

CALENDAR of PROBATE and ADMINISTRATION,—Continued.

167

Date No. of

Name of Testator or Intestate.

Time and Place of Death.

Grant.

Probate, Administration with the Will annexed, or Administration.

Value

Name and Description of the Executor or Administrator.

Sworn

under

45 Apr.

1897.

9 Chiú Ki,.

46

9 Pun Yau.

47 Apr. 21

Tang Man Hing,

3rd Apr., 1897, Hongkong, 26th Mar., 1897, Wu Chow,

6th Apr., 1897, Hongkong, Letters of Adm., James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Do., Probate,

Administrator,

Do.,

Tang Sing, the Executor,

China,

18

21

Graham Rome,

13th Aug., 1896, Wuhu,

China,

Letters of Adm., Alfred Bulmer Johnson, Alfred Parker

Stokes and Godfrey Cornewall Ches- ter Master, Attorneys for Jane Geor- giana Irwing and Mary Ann Thomp-

son.

$

c.

300.00

500.00

35,100.00

1,100.00

1

49

15

50

22

+

51

12

52

22 1216

3

""

24 Wong Wing Fat,

29 Henry Joseph Dyer,

29 Tang Chin Shing, .

29 Edward Lewis,

53 May 12 Stella Kathleen App other- wise called Jeane Blood, 22 Francisco Jonathan Murray, 22 Mok Chai Sec,

55

56

::

29 Lim Ah Khye,

China,

11th Apr., 1897, Hongkong, Letters of Adm.

with the Will annexed, Letters of Adm,

4th Apr., 1896, Canton,

China,

Probate,

Wong Chan Shi, the widow,

4,000.00

28th Aug., 1896, Surrey,

England,

Do.,

Bessie Dyer, the widow,

7,020.00

23rd Feb., 1897, Canton,

Do.,

Ip Ng Shi, the widow,

3,300,00

A-Ching Lewis, the widow,

2,250.00

7th May, 1897, Hongkong,

James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Administrator,

16,000,00

7th May, 1897. Hongkong. 6th Aug., 1894, Tung Kun,

China,

Do.. Probate,

Maria Murray, the widow,

50.0)

Ng Fook Wo, the widow,

2,000.00

1st June, 1894, Fenang,

Do..

Lim Ah Hing, Lim Sam Quoy and Lim Kam Thong, the Administrators,

24,000.00

}

31

Mannel Reynolds,

58 June 1 Hajee Mirza Mahomed Ally, 29th Apr., 1896, Bombay,

57

52 83 3

59

60

7th May, 1897. Hongkong, 28th Nov., 1848, Heung

Shan, China.

Antonio Vicente Barretto,... 5th May, 1897, Manila,

How Luk,

1

Tong A-Tow,

61 July 13

62 May 31

Pūn Yau.

63 Aug. 30

Ruttonbai Mehta,

;

Letters of Adm.,

8th Dec., 1896, Manila,

Letters of Adm., Godfrey Cornewall Chester Master, At-

Do.,

Probate,

torney for Paz Reynolds, the mother.. Hajec Maliomed Sadeck Hajee Esmail, Attorney for Mirza Aga, the son, Chung Hang Lai, the Executor,

2,500.00

700.00

| Tong Chik, the only son,

5,000.00

3rd Apr., 1897, Hongkong, 9th Apr., 1896, Bombay,

61 June 17 David Symington,

!

65 Aug.

6 Tse Kwai,

4th June, 1897, Hongkong,

26th June, 1890, Tan Tso,

China,

Antonio Maria Barretto, one of the Exe-

Hormusjce Meherwanjee Mehta, Attorney for Dhunjeebhoy Merwanjee Mehta, the husband of the deceased,. James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Tsc Leung Shi, the widow. (Letters of Administration granted on 8th Octo- ber, 1890, to the Official Administra- tor having been revoked).

26th Feb., 1897. Hongkong, | Letters of Adm., | Alexander Henrich Alfred Finke, Attor-

ney for F. W. Hagan, the father of the deceased,..

Jose Miguel Victor de Figueiredo and Eduardo Jose de Figueiredo, Execu- tors,...

Probate,

cutors,

294,000.00

Letters of Adm., Do.,

Pun Shan In, the nephew,

500.00

Do..

Letters of Adm. de bonis non,

Administrator,

1,844.00

150.00

2,800.00

66 June 25 Edward James Hagan,

26,700.00

67

17 Marietta Carvalho,

10th June, 1897, Hongkong,

Probate,

500.00

8th Mar., 1897, Hongkong, Letters of Adm.

Lum Shi, the mother,

2,400.00

de bonis non,

Do..

Ho Fung Hang, the grandson of the de-

ceased,

5,000.00

* :

70 July

1 Leung Shut Chi,

71

Q

Lee Awoon,

72

1 C. F. Burdett,

73

1

དྷྭ

74

Probate, Do.,

Leung U To, the Executor,

6,000.00

Li Ut Chi. Kwok Tsing Chuen and Leung

Chak Ting, the Executors,

8,000.00

Letters of Adm.. James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Administrator,

$00.00

Do., Probate,

Do.,

300.00

68 July 1 Ada Hayden,

69 June 21 | Ho Oi Chu alias Ho I Shek,.:

75

H. Metzler,

1 Cheong Saŭ alias Cheong

Assow,

3 William Marsh Cooper,

76

1

N

1

22

77

78

*

Kalla Singh........

Marie Gabriel Simon Lajeat.

11 James Painter McEwen,

*!)

17

Emil Brunckow,

SO

19

24, Wong Yau Po.....

Yu Shi,

Alfred Parker,

$1 Sept. 11 82 Aug. 11

83

"

84

85

86

:

8th June, 1880, Nam Po,

China,

4th Feb., 1897, Hongkong, 30th Apr., 1897, Canton,

China,

20th June, 1897, at Sea,

25th June, 1897, at Sea, 4th June. 1897, Lo Ah

Kong, China,

16th Apr., 1896, Soutl:sea,

England,

28th June, 1897, Hongkong,

7th Dec., 1894, Shanghai,

China, 30th Aug., 1896, Yokohama, |

Japau,

2nd Feb.. 1897, Hamburg,

Germany,

23rd Feb., 1895, Canton,

China,

6th June, 1897, Hongkong, 4th July, 1897, Hongkong,

Letters of Adm. with the Will annexed, Letters of Adm.,

Do..

Letters of Adm. with the Will annexed,

Cheong Ah Fai, Cheong Ah Fat, Cheong Ah Yuen, Cheong Ah Kau, Cheong Al Kin, Cheong Yuk Sang and Choy Yau Cheong, the Executors. Godfrey Cornewall Chester Master, At- torney for Mary Louisa Cooper, the widow,

James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Administrator,

2,200.00

40.00

Do..

100.00

Godfrey Cornewall Chester Master, At- torney for Milford Hallett, one of the Executors,

7,100.00

Letters of Adm.,

Nicolaus August Siebs. Attorney for Adolph Brunckow, the brother of the deceised,

17,300.00

Do.,

Wong Lun Shi, the widow,

Tso King, the son of the deceased,

10,000.00

Mary Parker, the Exccutrix,

5,700.00

Probate,

George Richard Stevens, Attorney for Maria Charlott Sylvie Roque, one of the next of kin. Emily Armstrong, the Executrix,

2,000.00

12,210.00

Kwok Ching Tong, the Executor,

13,000.00

Wong Kwai In, the guardian,

3,200.00

Do.. Probate,

31 Jean Charles Victor Roque,. 18th Aug., 1896, Montifray, | Letters of Adm.,

France,

3rd July, 1897, Hongkong,

12 John Martin Armstrong,

18 Kwok Hun alias Kwok Tsz

Ting.

7th Apr., 1897, Honam,

China,

31 Cheong Sze,.......

11th Feb., 1896, Canton,

China,

Do.,

Letters of Adm. durante minore ætate,

122.200.00

168

CALENDAR of PROBATE and ADMINISTRATION,—Continued.

No.

Date of

Name of Testator or Intestate.

Time and Place of Death.

Grant.

Probate, Administration with the Will annexed, or Administration.

Value

Name and Description of the Executor or Administrator.

Sworn

under

5th May, 1896, Montreal,

Canada,

1897. 87 Aug. 18 88 Sept.

88888

89 Aug. 27

26

21

90

Hajee Mahomed Arab, Johann Heinrich Nicolaus

Carl Günther also known as John Henry Charles Günther,

Claudio José da Silva,

Mak Yun Chai,

91 Sept. 18 George Fenwick.....................

28th Feb., 1896, Hongkong,

4th Dec., 1895, Swatow,

China,

3rd July, 1897, Hongkong,

7th May, 1897, Canton,

China,

Letters of Adm.,

Letters of Adm. with the Will

Abdoola Fuckeera. the guardian............ Henry Lardner Dennys, Attorney for

Ivo Streich, the Executor,

$ 5,960.00

('.

1,500.00

annexed,

Letters of Adm., | Amaro John Reed, Attorney for Claudio

Probate,

Antonio da Silva, the son, Mak Tung Shi, Mak Yui Ki, Mak l'ui Ki and Mak Chak Ki, the Executrix and Executors respectively,

100.00

30,000.00

Letters of Adm. | Victor Hobart Deacon, Attorney for Ca-

with the Will

roline Fenwick, the widow,

90.800.00

annexed,

92

""

15 Georg Theodor Siemssen,

""

4 John Martin,

Ip Tsoi Sing,

95 Sept. 20

Wong Wah.

96

20

197 Oct. 7 98 Sept. 28

99 Oct.

100

101

17

7

Leung Siu Tuen,.

93

94 Oct. 7

Framji Cavusji Kika,.............

Lee Shi Ng Nai, P'hoorja Mahomed Arab,

2 Frederick Grant White,

24th Nov., 1886, Hamburg,

Germany,

21st June, 1897, Swatow,

China,

23rd Aug., 1897. Hongkong, 16th Aug., 1897, at Sea, 4th Dec., 1894, Surat,

India,

10th Aug., 1897, Hongkong, 16th Oct., 1887, Hongkong,

Probate, Letters of Adm. de bonis non,

10th Mar., 1897, Blackheath, Letters of Adm.

England,

21st Nov., 1896, Tai Koon,

China,

with the Will annexed, Letters of Adm.,

Tang Cheuk Hing, the Executor. Abdoola Fuckeera, the guardian of Noora Mahomed Arab and Abdoolrahınan Mahomed Arab,

Henry Reid Kinnear, Attorney for Ed- ward Felix White, the Executor,

Letters of Adm. | Nicolaus August Siebs, Attorney for Maria

de bonis non,

Amalia Siemssen, the widow,

123,500.00

Probate,

Do., Letters of Adm., Do.,

John Martin, the eldest son...

4,700.00

Wong Hon Cheong, the Executor,

4,300.00

Wong Po, the brother,

500.00

i

Dadabhoy Jamshedji Petigara, Attorney

for Verbaiji, the widow,

7,600.00

600.00

7,000.00

70,800.00

Leung Yuk Chuen, the son,

1,500.00

14

Chan Ut Shang,

""

26th July, 1896, Kau Kong,

China,

102

19 Ma Shew,

103

28 Lee Sew Mun,.

104

10th Oct., 1897, Yaumati,

British Kowloon,

28th May, 1897, Tun Mee,

China,

30 John Caldwell Melrose,...... 16th Sept., 1897, Nodva,

Do.,

Probate,

Letters of Adm.,

Chan Wong Shi, the widow,

3,000.00

Ma Chun Kee, the Executor,

Chu Lai Mui, the widow,

15,000.00

3,600.00

Do.,

James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

??

105 Nov.

9

Wong Kit,

Hainan, 4th July, 1897, Canton

China,

Administrator,

1,900.00

Probate,

Pun Mui Cho, the Executor....

5,000.00

106

12

">

Aurelio Guilherme dos Re- 14th Sept., 1897, Macao,

medios,

Do.,

Luiz Maria Jacques Alvares and Hen- rique José Maria de Carvalho, the Executors,

5,500.00

107

108

>>

12 Arthur Norman,

12th Oct., 1897, Hongkong,

**

12

James Heury Meyers,.

27th Sept., 1897, Hongkong,

109

12

John Henderson,..

11th Oct., 1897, Hongkong,

Letters of Adm.,

Do., l'robate,

James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Administrator,

200.00

Do.,

100.00

Thecla Kerr Henderson, the widow,

6,300.00

3:

110

12

Gerald Slade,

4th Nov., 1897, Hongkong,

Do.,

Henry Warre Slade, one of the Execu

tors....

174,000.00

111

13 Leung Tan Woon,

>>

2nd Nov., 1897, Pick Kong,

China,

Do.,

Leung Tsz Shan, the Executor, -

1,900.00

112

49

22 | George Bean Macdonell,

22nd Mar., 1897, Glasgow,

Scotland,

Do.,

Mary Edith Macdonell, the Executrix,

6,000.00

113

16th Sept., 1897, Tai Leok,

"

China,

1st Nov., 1897, Hongkong,

115

>

4

116 117

2:

Lo Hing,

118

4

"

119

23rd July, 1897, at Sea,

120

1898.

122

1897.

:

12t

lô . Lau Sai Lok,

125

15 Thomas Campbell, 1898.

1897.

brano,

17th Feb., 1890, Liverpool, New South Wales,

129

>>

Germany,

17 Pang Shu-fan,

114 Dec. 4 George Taufer,.

Tang Yik Man,

4 Cheung A-Tai,

121 Jan. 11

David Kirkland Sliman,

4 John Carter Jaques,

9 Samuel Barff,

11

..... 27th Oct., 1897, Hongkong, 30th Sept., 1891, Kiu Kiang,

China,

Tam Sai Tong alias Tan Pau,

Kaikhushroo Rustomjee

Woonwalla,

123 Dec. 15 Henry St. John Browne,

126 Jan. 3 Francisco de Paula Cem-

127 Dec. 31 Low Yeeg alias Low A-

1898.

Yuct,

128 Jan. 11| Louis Haigh,

9th July, 1887, Swatow,

China,

1st Aug., 1897, Leather-

head, England,

25th Aug., 1897, Nagasaki,

Japan,

9th Oct., 1897, San Chuen,

China,

16th Apr., 1896, Bombay,

India,

5th Sept., 1897, Rokkosan,

Kobe, Japan,

9th Nov., 1897, Tsui Shan,

China,

4th Dec., 1897, Hongkong,

22nd Aug., 1897, Richmond,

England,

10th May, 1897, Shanghai,

China,

11 Agathon Friedrich Wolde- 28th Dec., 1896, Hamburg,

mar Nissen,

Letters of Adm., | James William Norton-Kyshe, Official

Do.,

Pang Yee-fan and Pang Pui-fan, the

Executors,

4,000.00

Do,

Francisca Spencer, the Executrix.

200.00

Do.,

Tang Un Cheung, Tang Tat Pui and

Tang Tat Fan, the Executors,

...

112,000.00

Do.,

Ho Fung, the Executrix,

3,200.00

Letters of Adm.,

Cheung Yeong Shi, the widow,

2,700.00

Do.,

Margaret Wylie or Sliman and Achibald

Sliman, the next of kin,

4,800.00

Letters of Adm. with the Will

Godfrey Cornewall Chester Master, At-

torney for John Hartforth Jaques,

annexed, Probate,

the Executor,

2,600.00

James William Norton-Kyshe, Attorney

Do.,

for Kate Barff, the Executrix, Tam Kui and Tam Kong, the Executors,

9,000.00

50,500.00

Letters of Adm.,

Letters of Adm. with the Will annexed,

Probate,

Manecjee Cooverjee Setlina, Attorney for

Gulbai, the widow,

24.000.00

Victor Hobart Deacon and John Hastings,

the Attorneys for Eugene Halleck Gill and Wm. Kirkland, the Exe- cutors,...

6.400.00

Lau Seung Lap, the Executor,

17,300.00

Letters of Adm., | James William Norton-Kyshe. Official

Administrator,

27,800.00

Probate,

Francisco de Paula Cembrano, the son..........

94,000.00

Do..

Low A-ling, the Executor,

200.00

Administrator,

3,200.00

Do.,

Nicolaus August Siebs. Attorney for Julie Auguste Luise Nissen, the widow,

120,000.00

Registry, Supreme Court, Hongkong, 15th March, 1898.

J. W. NORTON-KYSHE, Registrar.

225

No. 22

98

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT.

No. 214.

PUBLIC WORKS OFFICE, HONGKONG, 26th April, 1898.

SIR, -I have the honour to forward my Annual Report for 1897.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY.

R. D. ORMSBY, Director of Public Works.

ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS FOR 1897.

The expenditure of the Public Works Department is incurred under two heads, "Annually Recurrent" and "Extraordinary," the funds being obtained from General Revenue, and from the loan raised under Ordinance No. 2 of 1893. A certain portion of the expenditure is charged to the Special Revenue from Water.

The total expenditure under Annually Recurrent votes in 1897 was.. Under Public Works Extraordinary.......

$207,174.70

453,894.70

$661,069.40

Total..........

Of this sum $464,995.24 came from General Revenue and $196.074.16 from the loan. Of the expenditure a sum of $169,558.19 was incurred on water works and was charged to the special item of revenue for water account.

Mr. CHATHAM, who was in charge of the Department as acting Director of Public Works for the greater part of the year, has submitted a report giving details of work done under the different headings and including Mr. MALSCH's report on Crown Lands and Mr. CROOK's report on water and drainage works, from which I quote as follows:-

ANNUALLY RECURRENT WORKS.

1. Repairs to Buildings.-The whole of the buildings have been maintained in a satisfactory con- dition except Crosby Store, which, though still utilized, is practically beyond repair. In several instances considerable renewals were rendered necessary owing to the ravages of white ants and wherever practicable these have been effected in such a manner as to avoid a repetition of the damage by these destructive insects in future. The Pavilions, which were in such a condition as to be unfit for occupation, have been let on a 3 years' lease for the purposes of the Peak Club.

2. Maintenance of Telegraphs.--New telephone lines have been run from No. 7 Police Station to the Chinese Detective Office in New Street and the house of one of the Assistant Surgeons in the Medical Department, and a third line has been run from the Victoria Gap Police Station to the Water Inspector's Bungalow at Victoria Peak, thus placing all three houses in connection with the Government Exchange at the Central Police Station.

The telephone lines in Kowloon have been re-arranged so as to establish a central exchange at the Water Police Station, Tsimshatsui; and this Exchange has been placed in direct communication with the Government Exchange in the City.

4

226

A special Fire Alarm service has been established by connecting the Central Police Station and those in the Eastern and Western Districts of the City with the principal fire station, from which in turn alarm bells can be rung in the Firemen's Dormitory, the Charge Room at the Central Station, and the Superintendent's bed room.

3. Maintenance of Public Cemetery. The paths leading to the terraces laid out within recent years have been permanently formed with kerbs and concrete surfacing. One of the bridges crossing the stream which flows through the cemetery has been renewed with iron beams and concrete, the former wooden structure having become insecure owing to the decay of the beams.

vote.

4. Maintenance of Praya Wall and Piers.-No exceptional expenditure was called for under this

5. Maintenance of Lighthouses.--The buildings have been maintained in good condition and the only exceptional damage caused by storms has been the carrying away of the timber jib of the landing derrick at Gap Rock. In order to provide for the landing of the reliefs and stores, the damage has been made good by fixing another timber jib, similar to the one carried away, but one of steel has now been constructed and will be fixed whenever an opportunity occurs of conveying it to the Rock.

6. Dredging Foreshores.--The dredger has been principally employed at Causeway Bay in connec- tion with the Praya Reclamation Works. By arrangement with the Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company, the craft and machinery performed some dredging alongside their wharves at Kowloon for a period of 7 weeks.

7. Miscellaneous Works.--Under this vote, numerous minor works have been carried out and improvements effected, of which the following are the principal:--

Balconies at married quarters, Central Police Station.

Approach path and stair to Staff Quarters, Civil Hospital.

Permanent scaffold at Victoria Gaol.

Cook-house for Mahomedans at the Civil Hospital.

Alterations, &c., for extension of Post Office.

Latrine at Public Laundries, Kennedy Road.

Cells at Hung Hom Police Station.

Matsheds at Kennedytown Hospital.

Troughs and tying-up rings in inspection shed, Pig and Sheep Depôts.

Reconstructing roof of Powder Magazine, Stonecutter's Island.

Reconstructing roof of Stanley Police Station.

Laying on gas to Superintendent's Quarters, Botanical and Afforestation Department.

Improvement of approaches to Government Offices.

Temporary pier at Hung Hom.

Alterations of Volunteer Head Quarters.

8. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in Victoria.--In the case of several of the roads where the gradients are considerable, such as Queen Victoria and Jubilee Streets, portions of Caine Road, &c., concrete surfacing has been laid down to avoid the frequent repairs which were necessary with macadam- ized surfaces.

With the exception of some portions of the old Praya Roadway, which is undergoing considerable alterations both as regards width and level, the roads generally have been maintained in a satisfactory condition.

9. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges out of Victoria.-The two timber bridges on the Tytam Road above Wongneichong Village having fallen into a state of decay have been replaced with stone and brick arches, surmounted with iron railings. Many of the roads have been re-surfaced and a number of the most dangerous places in the Hill District have been protected by substantial iron railings.

10. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in Kowloon.--A number of encroachments caused by the old garden lots, in Cameron, Carnarvon and Kimberley Roads have been removed during the past year, thus admitting of the formation of these roads to the proper lines. Portions of Cameron and Granville Roads have been macadamized and a part of Carnarvon Road, which is on a somewhat steep gradient, has been laid with concrete surfacing. The construction of good and well laid out roads in Kowloon is steadily progressing and each year sees some district, hitherto inaccessible except by rough footpaths, brought within reach of wheeled traffic.

11. Maintenance of Waterworks, City of Victoria and Hill District.-A constant supply of filtered water to the City and Hill District has been maintained throughout the year and the quality of the water as ascertained by analysis has been excellent. The total quantity supplied was 1,042,105,000 gallons, equal to an average daily consumption of 2,855,082 gallons, or 15.24 per head for a population of 187,408 for all purposes. Deducting trade supplies, which amount to 153,195,000 gallons, the average consump- tion per head per diem is reduced to 13 gallons. In addition to the above, 76,289,000 gallons of unfil- tered water have been supplied.

227

!

;

The total quantity pumped to the Hill District was 15,318,000 gallons, equal to an average daily consumption of 41,967 gallons or 20.74 per head for a population of 2,023. The population taken includes 427 workmen employed in the erection of new buildings.

The number of meters now in use in the City is 273 and in the Hill District 119.

The waters of the streams intercopted by the new or west catchwater have been delivered into Tytam Reservoir since the 8th November.

The usual tabular statements showing the monthly consumption, rainfall, &c., are given in appen- dices A, B and C, and diagrams showing the hourly consumption during the course of the day in appen- dices D, E, F and G.

New services have been constructed and existing ones repaired to the number of 428.

The services of 2,417 houses were inspected during the year; 367 of these were found defective, but were repaired after the usual notices had been served.

Gas was introduced into the three Motor Houses in place of kerosene lamps in December.

12. Maintenance of Waterworks, Kowloon.-A constant supply of water has also been maintained in the case of Kowloon and the results of analyses made from time to time have been entirely satisfac- tory. The mains were extended to Mongkoktsui in August last. Owing to the increasing consumption, it was found necessary towards the end of the year to provide additional boiler-power and this has been done provisionally by utilizing a portable boiler which had been used in connection with the construction of Tytam Waterworks. The total quantity of water supplied was 66,600,000 gallons, equal to an aver- age daily consumption of 182,466 gallons or 7.57 per head for a population of 24,115 for all purposes. Deducting trade supplies, which amount to 13,435,000 gallons, the average consumption per head diem is reduced to 6.04 gallons.

per

The number of meters now in use is 62, all supplies being metered except those obtainable from the public fountains. It has been considered prudent, in view of the limited nature of the supply, to provide for the requirements of the inhabitants of the Chinese villages by means of public fountains only, of which there are now 88 fixed throughout the Peninsula.

Particulars of the monthly consumption, &c. will be found in appendix H.

New services have been constructed, or existing services added to or repaired, to the number of 37. Gas was laid on to the Pumping Station in December.

13. Maintenance of Waterworks, Shaukiwan.-Though a supply of water had been laid on to some of the public fountains as early as June, 1896, it was not until the beginning of 1897 that the works were completed. A constant supply has been maintained since their inauguration. Under an arrange- ment with Messrs. Blackhead & Co. an extension of the water main has been carried out in order to bring the supply within reach of their Soap and Soda Factory.

Water has been laid on from the mains to the Police Station and the Market, both supplies being metered.

14. Maintenance of Waterworks, Aberdeen.--Filtration of the water supply to this village was begun in May, 1897, and has since been steadily maintained. The works existing prior to that date were of a very limited nature, consisting only of a main and two fountains, which were provided in 1893 when the reservoir for the Paper Mills was constructed.

Three services have been laid oa in the village, viz., to the Paper Mills, the Police Station and the Docks; each supply is metered.

15. Maintenance of Sewers.--The various sewerage systems in the city and villages have been satis- factorily maintained and have not required any exceptional expenditure, With the advance of the Reclamation Works it has been possible to construct another of the outfalls for the western district of the city. There now remain but two of these outfalls to be constructed.

16. Lighting, City of Victoria and Koitloon.--The respective contracts with the Gas and Electric Companies have been satisfactorily fulfilled. The re-arrangement of gas lamps and introduction of incan- descent burners throughout the districts of the city still lit by gas are making steady progress. On the 31st December for the lighting of the city there were in use 75 electric arc lamps, 373 gas lamps fitted with ordinary burners, 297 gas lainps fitted with incandescent burners and 10 special gas lamps où public wharves. A gas lamp fitted with two incandescent burners has been erected at the upper tramway ter- minus where its services are of considerable benefit on dark or foggy nights.

In Kowloon, the whole of the street lamps, numbering 164, have been fitted with incandescent burners and the lighting has been extended to the village of Mongkoktsui. The public wharves are lit by two special gas lamps.

last.

A new contract, extending for a period of 5 years, was entered into with the Gas Company in July

17. Maintenance of Public Recreation Gronend.-A considerable portion of the extension recently made to the Recreation Ground was turfed over during the rainy season and so rendered available for use towards the end of the year. The road which divided the extension from the original ground is in course of removal and will be supplanted by a narrow path formed at the level of the surrounding ground surface, thus making the whole area continuous as far as practicable on account of the Race Course,

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18. Maintenance of the Clock Tower.-The clock and tower have been maintained in good order.

LAND SURVEY BRANCH.

19. Land Sales.-The lots sold by public auction during the year numbered 27, their aggregate area amounting to 1,450,329 square feet or 33.21 areas. The premia realized amounted to $200,038 and the annual Crown rents to $6,398. The sales included 6 lots in the Taipingshan Resumed Area, comprising in all 11,475 square feet, which realized $53,570.

20. Extensions of Lots.-The areas of extensions granted totalled 292,584 square feet or 6.72 acres, the premia in respect of which amounted to $27,321.33 and annual Crown rents to $2,230.63.

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21. Land disposed of without public auction. An area of 2,450 square feet was granted to Messrs. Butterfield & Swire as an extension of Inland Lot No. 1,336, but was afterwards converted into a separate lot (Inland Lot No. 1,406). The premium paid was $122.50 and the annual Crown rent is $4.00. A piece of land on the northern slope of Mount Davis has been granted for the purposes of a cemetery for the Eurasian Community, subject to a nominal Crown rent of $1.00 per annum.

An area of 16 acres at Deep Water Bay has, with the consent of the Secretary of State for the Colonies, been leased to The Royal Hongkong Golf Club for the purposes of a Golf Links subject to an annual rental of $100.

Two pieces of land of a combined area of 7,300 square feet near Mongkok, Kowloon, were let on a short lease at an annual rental of $110 for the establishment of a cracker factory.

22. Re-adjustment of Boundaries and Crown Rents.-Principally owing to the expiry of the period during which Crown rent at a reduced rate was payable for certain lots in Kowloon, pending their development, an increased annual sum of $457.11 will be received in future on account of the re- adjustment of boundaries and Crown rents.

23. Conversion of Farm Lots into Inland Lots.-By arrangement with the lessees, Kowloon Farm Lot No. 1 has been converted into Inland Lots, the areas required for the construction of public streets and lanes being surrendered to the Government. The total annual rent payable in respect of the conversion amounts to $340, but a reduction of $90 per annum has been allowed meanwhile pending the development of this somewhat extensive property.

24. Lands in Military Occupation.-Consequent on the purchase of the Mount Austin Hotel property by the Military Authorities, the annual rent hitherto payable has been capitalized and placed to the credit of the Colonial Government in the account kept of transactions concerning lands in Military occupation.

25. Resumptions of land.-Inland Lot No. 144 has been resumed for the purpose of erecting Quarters for the Warders at Victoria Gaol. A strip of land was also resumed from Kowloon Inland Lot No. 312 for the widening of a public lane.

26. Squatters' Licences, &c.-The number of licences issued was 1,225 and the fees received on account of same amounted to $3,609.25. Licences have been written off or cancelled during the course of the year to the number of 41. A sum of $4,645 was realized from the letting of sites for booths at the Race Meeting.

27. Lease Plans, &c.-Plans and particulars of 122 lots have been forwarded to the Land Office for the preparation of new leases; boundary stones have been fixed for 35 lots; and 77 acres of land have been surveyed in connection with land sales or the issue of leases.

WORK UNDER THE BUILDING ORDINANCE.

28. Plans Deposited.--Plans have been deposited to the number of 427; 10 for European dwell- ings, 78 for Chinese houses and 339 for miscellaneous structures.

29. Certificates Granted.--Certificates have been granted under section 53 of Ordinance 15 of 1889 for 355 houses, and permission has been given for the erection of 74 verandahs and 13 piers over Crown land or foreshore.

30. Permits and Notices.-Notices relating to structures in a dangerous condition have been served in 13 cases; 2,322 notices and permits of a miscellaneous nature have been issued; and 70 permits have been granted for the erection and repair of monuments and enclosures in the Colonial Cemetery. The fees received for the latter amount to $125.82.

31. Industrial Undertakings.-Satisfactory evidence of the progress of the Colony as an industrial centre is afforded by the establishment of the new Kerosene Depôt at North Point, the capacity of which is already being largely increased, and by the operations which are in active progress for the construction of a Cement Factory at Kowloon, Cotton Mills at East Point, and an extension of the Dock Company's premises at Kowloon.

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32. Miscellaneous. In consequence of representations made by the Superintendent of the Fire Brigade as to the obstacles presented in dealing with fires by the large fixed sunshades overhanging the footpaths in Jervois Street, a number of the leading shopkeepers there were interviewed and had the circumstances explained to them with the result that all the sunshades have now been made movable.

EXTRAORDINARY PUBLIC WORKS.

33. Improvements, Recreation Ground, Happy Valley.—A considerable area of the extension of the Recreation Ground was turfed over and rendered available for use towards the end of the year. The delay in undertaking the diversion of the nullah where it crosses the extension has been due to the non- arrival of ironwork ordered from England in connection with the work, which is probably accounted for by the Engineers' strike.

34. Slaughter House, Sheep and Pig Depôts, including Pier.-The pier constructed for the landing of cattle, sheep and pigs, arriving at the depôts, has been completed.

35. Gaol Extension.-The alterations of the old gaol buildings have been begun by pulling down the Wing, (known as D. Wing), which projected in an oblique direction into the south-west yard. This will admit of the erection of a convenient workshop, containing two floors, where the manufacture of matting, &c. can be carried on by the prisoners. Good progress is being made with the conversion of the associated cells into single cells and other minor improvements, the work being performed as far as possible with prison labour. A system of mains and hydrants has been laid throughout the old and new gaol premises for the purposes of fire extinction.

36. New Water Mains.-Small extensions only have been made to the water mains in the City. 37. Sewerage of Victoria.--The connection of house drains to the public sewers and small extensions of the latter to provide for such connections have been carried out under this heading. An old storm- water drain in Wing Lok Street which had been rendered obsolete by recent works has been taken up.

38. Water Supply, Kowloon.-Consequent on the extension of Station Street to Mongkoktsui, a water main has been carried to that village and fountains have been fixed from which the inhabitants can obtain a supply of good water. All liabilities in connection with the erection of the Pumping Station Buildings have now been discharged, some delay having been caused with regard to the final payment in consequence of some legal proceedings against the Contractor.

39. Taitam Waterworks Extension.-The raising of the Bye-wash Dam for a total height of 10 feet above the original level of the overflow was brought to completion in the early part of the

year. Small granite piers have been built on the top of the dam, with grooves cut in them for the reception of sluice- boards, by inserting which an additional depth of 2 feet 6 inches of water may be impounded. Without the boards, the capacity of the reservoir is now 388,000,000 gallons; and with the boards, 408,500,000 gallons.

40. Road from Victoria Gap to Mount Kellett Road.-The portion first undertaken,-from “Tre- verbyn" to "The Homestead," was opened to traffic in the beginning of September and the construc- tion of the remaining portion,-from Victoria Gap to “ Treverbyn," was begun towards the end of November, since which date substantial progress has been made with the work. In conjunction with the formation of the road, a suitable area is being levelled for the accommodation of chairs and it is proposed to erect a permanent structure on this site as a shelter for the chairs and bearers. The road will have a width of 23 feet from "The Gap" to "Treverbyn" where it bifurcates into roads 15 and 13 feet wide respectively, (the latter being the old road), and with the exception of a practically level por- tion opposite the Peak Hotel, will have a uniform gradient of 1 in 20 throughout its entire length.

41. Water and Drainage Works, Miscellaneous. Numerous minor works have been carried out under this heading, the following being a brief summary of the more important:-

(i) Taikoktsui and Fuk Tsun Heung Improvement Works. Both these villages have been laid out with properly kerbed and channelled streets, which undoubtedly constitute a great step towards converting them from insanitary rookeries into something approaching model villages. No proper communication with them exists at present, but it is hoped that the construction of a good road will be undertaken soon, to be followed by the introduction of a proper water supply obtained by extending the Kowloon Waterworks.

́ii) Shaukiwan Waterworks.-These works comprise intakes from three streams, the gathering grounds of which are free from buildings and other sources of pollution; a covered service reservoir, capable of containing 228,700 gallons; 1.40 miles of cast iron mains, vary- ing in diameter from 5 inches to 3 inches; 19 public fountains, conveniently placed for the supply of the inhabitants; and an overseer's bungalow. They were completed early in the

year.

(iii) Aberdeen Waterworks.-In 1893, some works of a very limited nature were con- structed for the supply of water to certain parts of the village. These have now been greatly

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extended and include provision for filtering the whole of the water supply. The works consist of an intake from the stream below the Paper Mills Reservoir; three filter beds having a combined area of 240 square yards; a covered service reservoir capable of containing 74,500 gallons; 0.95 mile of cast iron mains 3 inches in diameter; 8 public fountains, distributed throughout the village; and an overseer's bungalow. In accordance with the terms under which the Paper Mills Company were granted permission to construct their reservoir, a supply of 60,000 gallons per day may be drawn from this source for the public use free of cost.

(iv). Sewers and Water Mains, Kennedy Road Sites.--With the progress of building operations on Kennedy and MacDonnell Roads, it became necessary to extend the sewers and water mains to this district. This work was accordingly undertaken and completed before the end of the year, 0.47 mile of drain pipes and 0.67 mile of water pipes having been laid.

(v). Drainage Works at Mongkoktsui.-The property hitherto known as Kowloon Farm Lot 12 having been converted into Inland Lots, operations were undertaken for laying it out for building purposes and for extending Station Street from Yaumati to Mongkoktsui. Con- siderable drainage works were necessitated and have been provided with a view to the future requirements of the district.

(vi). Drainage Works at Yaumati and Hung Hom.-A great sanitary improvement has been effected by properly concreting and draining a number of public lanes in Yaumati and Hung Hom into which slops are frequently thrown from the kitchens of the Chinese houses abutting on them.

(vii). Drainage Works at Tsim-Sha-Tsui.-Provision has had to be made by the construc- tion of new or the extension of existing sewers in various parts for the drainge from new houses. The drainage of Robinson, Kimberley, and Observatory Roads has also been much improved.

(viii). Drainage Works, Hill District.-By arrangement with the owner of Rural Build- ing Lot No. 11, the drainage from the house recently erected on that lot has been diverted from the Pokfulam Drainage Area and connected to the sewer in the Peak Road. Small extensions of existing main sewers have been made where found necessary.

(ix) Re-drainage of Public Buildings.-The Markets at Hung Hom and Shaukiwan, the Police Stations at Stanley and Shaukiwan and Police Station No. 7 in the City have been re- drained. Similar work is now in progress at the Western Market.

(x). Removal of Old Drains, &c.—The old drains, which are being dispensed with in consequence of the Reclamation Works, are now in course of removal and, where necessary, new and improved drains are being constructed in their stead. In several instances, the old drains ran across private property, but, in the construction of new drains, this is avoided by following the public streets.

42. Isolation Hospital. The buildings, consisting of the hospital block and detached coolie quarters, were handed over to the Medical Department on the 24th April. The hospital block contains 2 general wards (4 beds in each-119 square feet per bed) and 2 private wards (2 beds in each-119 square feet per bed) attendant's room, 4 bath-rooms, &c. and is surrounded by verandahs 8 feet wide. The coolie quarters, which are situated on a lower terrace adjoining Eastern Street and are connected with the main block by a covered way, contain accommodation for 10 attendants and coolies, besides kitchens, wash-house, drying-room, ironing-room, disinfecting-room and store. The buildings are of Canton red brick with granite dressings, the hospital having a base of stonework 2 feet 6 inches high. The site is enclosed with an iron railing, 6 feet high, with separate gates for access to the hospital and coolie quarters. Since its completion the hospital has been diverted from the purpose for which it was erected and used as a lying-in hospital.

43. Extension of Station Street, Kowloon, &c.-As already mentioned, the conversion of Kowloon Farm Lot 12 into Inland Lots admitted of the extension of Station Street to Mongkoktsui, and an excellent road has now been formed as far as the northern extremity of that village. Much yet remains to be done in bringing into shape the boat-building establishments in this neighbourhood; and it is hoped that it may be found possible to undertake this work in the near future.

44. Taipingshan Improvement.--Very satisfactory progress has been made with the laying out of the Resumed Area. Most of the lots are now available for the erection of buildings, and a contract has been entered into which provides for the formation of the whole of the remaining lots. It is hoped that the work will be completed by about the middle of 1898, with the exception of the surfacing of some of the streets and lanes, which it may be considered prudent to delay until after the houses have been built.

45. Forming and Kerbing Streets.--The work done in Kowloon includes kerbing and channelling in Kimberley, Observatory and Robinson Roads, and forming an extension of Market Street, Hung Hom. Considerable improvements have been made by concreting the footpaths and relaying the side channels in the villages of Yaumati and Hung Hom. The footpaths underneath verandahs had in many cases been allowed to fall into disrepair and, by arrangement with the various proprietors, the relaying of these footpaths was carried out by the Department at their expense.

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In Hongkong, two new streets have been formed on Inland Lot No. 955 in order to divide it up into building lots; a pathway has been formed and concreted between Kennedy and MacDonnell Roads, giving convenient access to some of the building lots in this neighbourhood; and a portion of the Western Praya, beyond the termination of the Reclamation Scheme, has been formed and kerbed and concreted, this work having been rendered necessary in consequence of the raising of the Praya wall which had subsided considerably at this point. Some improvements have also been made in the ap- proaches to the Government Offices, and a number of public lanes throughout the City have been properly formed and surfaced.

46. Quarters for Gaol Staff.—The resumption of the land required for the purpose of erecting these quarters was only completed towards the end of the year. It is hoped that before long a com- mencement may be made with the erection of the buildings.

47. City of Victoria and Hill District Waterworks-Substantial progress has been made with most of the works included under this head, some of them having reached completion.

The following summary gives an account of the progress made:--

(i). Reservoir and Catchwater, Wongneichong Gap.-The dam has been constructed to a sufficient height to admit of the fixing of the lowest draw-off valve, the culvert from the valve-well has been completed and the wash-out valve and pipes fixed in it. A large amount of excavation has been done inside the reservoir, which will have the effect of materially in- creasing its capacity. The catchwater and path adjoining the same have been completed for a distance of about three-quarters of a mile.

(ii). Catchwater, West of Tytum Valley. This work has been completed, the water collected from the streams having been turned into Tytam Reservoir on the 8th November. The catchwater consists of an open channel, 13 miles long, of varying section, increasing ultimately to an area of 10 square feet before the reservoir is reached. The gradient, 1 in 100, is uniform throughout the whole length. The channel is constructed with lime concrete, the bottom pitched with stone and the sides plastered over with cement mortar. The valley im- mediately adjoining the reservoir is bridged by two steel pipes, each 18 inches in diameter, supported on granite pillars, and a bye-pass pipe has also been provided so that, when the water in the reservoir is muddy and the streams are running clear, the latter may be drawn off into the tunnel without entering the reservoir. Overflows have been formed at intervals in the length of the channel to permit of the escape of exceptional floods without injuring the work. A path, 3 feet wide, follows the catchwater the whole way and is continued for a distance of 1 mile beyond the end of it, where it joins the Wongneichong catchwater path. The two 18-inch pipes are capable of discharging into the reservoir over 1 million gallons per hour, a quantity for which the channel is amply adequate.

(iii). Filter Beds and Service Reservoir.-This_work has nearly been completed. It includes the construction, on a terraced site below the Bowen Road, of 3 filter beds having a combined area of 1,661 square yards and a covered service reservoir capable of containing 720,000 gallons, together with the necessary connections to the Tytam aqueduct and the distribution system of the city. The filter beds are constructed of lime concrete faced with rubble masonry, and the service reservoir of lime concrete faced with brickwork in cement mortar. The reservoir has been almost entirely constructed below ground level and is covered with brick arching built in cement mortar supported on brick pillars and arches. It is pro- posed to erect quarters for an overseer on a site adjoining the filter-beds, and provision has been made for the establishment of a motor between the filter-beds and reservoir, which will be required in consequence of the large number of houses now being built along MacDonnell Road.

(iv). Peak Service Reservoir.--This work was completed early in December. Hitherto the Hill District has been supplied from small iron tanks which only contained about one day's supply aud, in the event of any serious breakdown of the pumping machinery or main, the whole district would have been deprived of water, other than that obtainable from wells, until the necessary repairs could be effected. The service reservoir now completed is capable of containing 409,000 gallons, equal to about 10 days' supply for the present population. It is situated a little way below the Peak Signal Station, top water level being 1,751 feet above sea level, is covered over and is almost entirely below ground level. Cement concrete has been largely used in its construction, the walls being faced with rubble masonry, (for which an abundant supply of stone was obtained on the site), and the roof formed of brick arching built in cement mortar. Quarters for an inspector have been constructed near the reservoir, and communication by telephone has been established with the Government system.

(v). New Mains in the City.-The new water mains along Robinson, Caine, Bonham and Queen's Roads, and in Wyndham, Aberdeen, Staunton and Second Streets were completed in June last. They comprise a length of 2.2 miles of cast iron pipes, varying in diameter

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from 6 to 3 inches. The old mains have been taken up, any serviceable pipes being cleaned and put into store.

(vi). Extensions of Mains to North Point and Wongneichong.—This work has also been completed and the districts named now come within the distribution system of the City. The extensions include a length of 1.63 miles of cast iron pipes, 3 inches in diameter, and the provision of 9 public fountains and 20 fire hydrants.

48. Gardeners' Cottages.--This block of buildings, which is situated at the junction of MacDonnell and Garden Roads and has been erected from the designs and under the superintendence of Messrs. DENISON and RAM, Architects, was completed and handed over to the Botanical and Afforestation Department in September last. It contains accommodation for 12 married men and their families and 30 single inen, besides tool-houses and the usual offices. The outer walls are built of random rubble masonry with dressings of granite in exposed parts and of plaster in places where they are less liable to injury. The site is enclosed with a boundary wall of rubble masonry.

49. Extension and Improvements of Gas Lighting.-Particulars of the lighting of the City and Kowloon have already been given in paragraph 16 of this Report, from which it will be seen that substantial progress has been made with the substitution of incandescent for ordinary burners. At the end of the year there were in all 461 street lamps in use in the City and Kowloon fitted with incandes- cent burners as against 373 still using ordinary burners.

50. Raising Praya Wall, Shektongtsui.-This work was undertaken in consequence of the subsidence of a portion of the Praya wall, immediately westwards of the termination of the Reclamation which is now in progress, and was completed in June last. It consisted of taking up the coping of the wall, building courses of masonry, of varying thickness according to the amount of settlement which had taken place, and re-setting the coping.

51. Road from Plantation Road to Magazine Gap.-Operations were begun early in October for the construction of this road, and substantial progress has already been made with the western half of it. It was deemed prudent to concentrate the contractor's energies on this portion during the dry season as it practically overhangs the Peak Tramway for some distance and, owing to the steepness of the hill- side, involves some heavy cutting and the construction of retaining walls. The road will be 15 feet wide and will have a gradient of about 1 in 40 for the greater part of its length, the steepest gradients being about 1 in 20 for comparatively short distances.

52. Jubilee Celebrations.--Numerous public buildings and structures, including the Clock Tower, Queen's Statue, Government House, Central Market, Queen's College and Tsimshatsui Police Station were illuminated on the night of the 22nd June. About 9,000 lanterns and 4,000 glass lamps, besides 1,325 incandescent electric lights were utilized for the purpose.

Stones to mark the commencement of the "Victoria Hospital" and "Victoria Road" were success- fully laid by His Excellency the Governor on the 23rd June, în connection with the works to be under- taken by the Colony in commemoration of Her Majesty's completing the 60th year of Her Reign.

53. Plague Account.--Practically the only expenditure incurred by this Department under this head was for the erection of two matsheds in the Taipingshan Resumed Area to accommodate the occupants of houses in which cases of plague had occurred, whilst the disinfection of the premises was in progress.

EXPENDITURE.

54. The usual statements of expenditure under the various votes will be found in Appendices J

and K.

PRAYA RECLAMATION WORKS.

Fair progress was made with these works during the year under review. From the Special En- gineer's detailed report, the following particulars of the work section by section are taken:-

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Section No. 1.-No work was done on this section during the year beyond the laying of water and gas mains while the erection of buildings in the reclaimed land as authorized by C.S.O. proceeded. In December tenders were received for the completion of the road- ways by concreting and macadamizing the surface. The work on the western portion of this section, being the extreme western end of the Reclamation, remained in abeyance, owing to the refusal of the Marine Lot holders to join in the scheme.

Section No. 2.--The completion of the roadways on this section, which had been in abeyance for some time during the erection of new buildings and the laying of gas and water mains, was resumed on the 11th June under contract with Mr. TSANG KENG, and the work of concreting the roadways and footpaths, and macadamizing of other roads was almost completed on December 31st, the actual date of completion being January 11th, 1898. The work was satisfactorily done.

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Section No. 3.-Work on this section proceeded very satisfactorily especially during the latter half of the year, under contract No. 23 dated 4th March, 1895, entered into with Mr. Tsang Keng. 52,051 cubic yards of earth were filled into the reclamation, 19,605 cubic feet of granite ashlar was set in cement on the sea wall, 415 cubic yards of cement concrete put in as backing to the same, 1,151 cubic yards of rubble stone hand packing, 275 cubic yards of lime concrete laid in counterforts and foundations of Praya road, 657 cubic yards of granite ashlar in cement built in storm water drains.

Pipe drains were laid in this section and the roadways, footpaths, curbing, &c., well advanced towards completion. Three manholes were built, 219 gullies and gratings set, 14 ring bolts in new sea wall fixed complete. 1,298 cubic feet of granite from the old sea wall was taken up, cleaned and stacked on the Government land in front of the Sailors' Home.

Section No. 4.-Work on this section during the year was chiefly departmental and con- sisted in levelling the foundations of sea wall, and laying of concrete blocks of which about 237 lineal feet containing 8,243 cubic feet and weighing over 500 tons were set, some rubble stone backing was done and about 1,894 cubic yards of mud raised by the Dredger and dropped at sea outside Green Island. On the evening of the 7th March, a portion of the rubble stone foundations for a length of over 300 feet, while being weighted with 5,328 tons of concrete blocks, suddenly subsided to a depth of about 28 feet. This, though not the first accident of the sort that has occurred, was the most serious during the progress of the works. Some in- teresting photographs were taken the next morning, and from the appearance of the weight- ing blocks above water, it would seem that the rubble mound had slipped forward and down into a sub-marine ravine. Nothing further was done here during the year beyond lifting the weighting blocks, nearly all of which were recovered; a few were broken and are left below. The first course of blocks forming the sea wall had been set in position; it has not been possi- ble to recover them; they are so broken up as to be useless. It is believed that the mound has now reached a firm bottom where it can slip no further, and this year rubble will be deposited until the level is again brought up to the proper point.

Section No. 5.-The work on this section during the year consisted in the completion of the rubble mound. This work was done by Mr. TSANG KENG under contract No. 36 of 1896 and completed in June. 45,828 cubic yards of rubble was deposited, and the upper surface formed and levelled for the concrete blocks, a single course of which, extending over a length of 895 feet and weighing about 2,012 tons were set and backed up with hand packed rubble; a length of nearly 500 feet was then weighted in the usual manner departmentally.

the

Sections Nos. 6 and 7.-Work on these sections has proceeded very satisfactorily during year. The rubble mound opposite the Hotel, through which a gap had been left for boats, was completed to the proper level, levelled and weighted, and the first two courses of concrete blocks set in position. 24,110 cubic feet of granite ashlar in cement were built in the sea wall, landing piers, and storm-water drains. The temporary pitched embankment from the old Praya to Pottinger Street Pier was completed.

The total quantity of earth deposited during the year in the Reclamation, obtained from Kowloon, Causeway Bay and dredgings, was 274,103 cubic yards.

Murray Pier-Of solid granite ashlar masonry was completed and opened for use on the 16th September. Shortly afterwards a storm occurred, not quite of typhoon force, and it was found that seas broke over this pier to such an extent as to render it unapproachable by launches or boats, which was not the case with the open timber pier opposite Ice House Street.

A memorial on the subject signed by all the leading merchants in the city, as well as by those most intimately acquainted with shipping work in the harbour, protesting against the construction of solid piers and advocating the adoption of open steel or iron structures, was presented to His Excellency the Governor. After full consideration, and in accordance with professional advice, it was decided that work on the solid stone Government piers should be stopped and where possible open piers substituted. At the request of the Director of Public Works a representative Committee of those who had signed the memorial was appointed to consider with him and advise Government as to the position, form and dimension of Government piers from the New Praya.

This Committee met twice in 1897, and by their advice Pottinger Street Pier, which was in an advanced state of construction of a similar design to Murray Pier, was for good reasons proceeded with, and before the end of December was completed except the last course of granite and the coping. The design for Pedder's Street Pier was entirely altered, a solid stone base of considerable width recommended, and an open steel or iron pier 200 feet long by 40 feet wide ordered from England.

The completion of these two piers will absorb all the funds available for such work in 1898.

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The following is a list of Public Works which must be considered and if possible provided for within the next few years:-

Buildings.-The New Law Courts, the New Post Office and Treasury, a residence for the Governor at the Peak, improved and increased accommodation for the Police both at the East and West ends of the city, and a New Harbour Master's Office will absorb all available funds for building purposes for many years to come. It is therefore unnecessary to mention other minor wants. The above are undoubtedly the most pressing.

Roads.-The completion of MacDonnell Road to its junction with Kennedy Road should be taken in hand next year. The plans for it are ready. A road from Wanchai Gap round the south side of Mounts Nicholson and Cameron to Wongneichong Gap would be a very desirable addition to the roads in the Peak District, and would open up a beautiful part of the country, making access to Taitam and the eastern parts of the island from the higher levels easy. The comparatively level road from Plantation Road Station to Magazine Gap, to be completed in 1898, will much improve the latter locality as affording easier means of reaching Victoria by 'ricksha and tram, and may possibly lead to further building of European residences beyond Wanchai Gap to which this road will give access.

The possibility of constructing a road from Victoria Gap, level, or at an easy gradient, to the saddle between Victoria Peak and High West, and then down by the north face of the mountain to a point on the Peak Road, should be ascertained. Such a road would give access to splendid building sites.

The Victoria Jubilee Road round the Island will soon be in progress and its completion in a few years will prove an immense boon to the whole population of the Colony, European and native. If followed, as no doubt it will be in time, by a road side tramway, the over- crowding of Victoria will probably be relieved by many of the better class of Chinese and Eurasians moving out to the suburbs.

The roads in Kowloon are being pushed on, and should be liberally provided for annually, until the Yaumati Road on the West, and the Hung Hom Road on the East respectively reach the boundary; while the cross road from Yaumati by the wells is carried on to the road on the East.

Water Works.—Mr. COOPER'S able and exhaustive report of 1896 on the Water Supply goes very fully into the works that may be necessary to meet future requirements. On the completion of Wongneichong reservoir, the additional reservoirs described in paragraphs 155 to 159 of Mr. COOPER's report should be undertaken, in view of the rapidly increasing popula- tion of the city.

Reclamation Works.-The first work of this description to be provided for in the early future is at Taikoktsui. Surveys have not yet been made, but a mere inspection of the locality makes it plain that such a work would not only be easy of execution but very beneficial, and probably extremely remunerative owing to the large extent of land to be reclaimed for a comparatively small expenditure. Stone and earth for the work are close at hand, while the levelling of the hills immediately above the Taikoktsui village would make it possible to lay out that locality in the way that Yaumati and Mongkoktsui have been treated, and satisfactorily provide for the boat-building population of the Colony, hitherto frequently shifted from place to place, and occupying foreshore as squatters wherever it has been permitted. If a large proportion of the working coolie population of Hongkong can find quarters and inducements to live at the Kowloon side, in well laid out, well drained, airy streets, built as they are being built with modern ideas of sanitation, and with the experience of the errors of the past before our eyes, instead of in the dangerously overcrowded rookeries of China-town in Victoria, the benefits to the majority of the population of the Colony will be great. The reclamation of the foreshore beyond Arsenal Street to East Point is a work bound to follow on the completion of the present works to the West, say, in three years' time. Owing to the shallowness of the water, the cost would be much less than the cost of the reclamation to the West, and the work is certain to prove remunerative, but it is a large question and how it should be undertaken and financed requires much consideration. In connection with the construction of the Victoria Jubilee Road, a very useful and profitable work can be done near Aberdeen, namely, the recla- mation of the tidal flat adjoining the existing road to Little Hongkong. This salt water marsh or tidal flat is credited, without much reason, with causing fever in the locality, and even in somewhat distant parts of the Peak District. However this may be, it will certainly be an advantage to reclaim it, to keep out the tides, and after it has been sweetened by being kept for a time as a fresh water lake, turning it into rice fields. This work can be done as part of the new road at little or no additional expense. The area that can be reclaimed is from 30 to 40 acres.

235

Among miscellaneous works to be done, when funds are available, may be mentioned the erection of a Clock Tower at the base of the New Pedder's Wharf, and the removal of the existing structure in Queen's Road, where it is of little or no use and a serious impediment to traffic. In the position proposed and approved for the New Tower, it would be useful to the whole population and to the shipping in the harbour, especially if well lit up at night. It is therefore to be hope I the necessary funds will soon be forthcoming. The cost is estimated approximately at $30,000. For such an object possibly some of the wealthy citizens of the Colony may come forward and provide the means, and while perpetuating their names earn the gratitude of not only this but of coming generations.

Something should be done towards providing a pure water supply for villages outside the system in Hongkong and Kowloon. This can be done by sinking new wells at some distance from the dwellings, and lining them with concrete or masonry in cement for a certain depth, and then closing the existing wells which are usually close to the houses or pig-sties, unlined and receiving all the surface washings and sewage.

An estimate and plan for washing tanks in the Nullah at Tai Hang will be submitted for consideration. It is roughly estimated that an expenditure of $4,000 to $5,000 will provide means for 25 washermen at a time to wash clothes in clean water.

DEPARTMENTAL AND PERSONAL.

The following officers proceeded to Europe on leave during the

year :-

Mr. H. P. TOOKER, Executive Engineer, 12 months' leave commencing on 19th March.

Mr. L. GIBBS, Assistant Engineer, 12 months commencing 27th April.

Mr. C. H. GALE, Chief Draftsman, 12 months, commencing 27th April.

Mr. J. L. PROSSER, Surveyor, 6 months commencing 18th May.

Mr. G. J. W. KING, Land Bailiff, had ten weeks' leave to the North to recruit his health and

was absent from 27th September to 5th December.

The following Officers returned from leave during the

year:-

Mr. W. CHATHAM, Executive Engineer, on the 7th April.

Mr. J. L. PROSSER, Surveyor, on 13th December.

Mr. A. H. HOLLINGSWORTH joined the Department from the 31st January, being appointed by the Right Honourable The Secretary of State. Mr. W. H. CUMPSTON joined the Department as Draftsman on the 5th June; appointed by His Excellency the Governor. Mr. R. D. ORMSBY assumed duties as Director of Public Works on the 20th October, his appointment on transfer from Ceylon dating from 13th September. Mr. T. G. HUGHES, from the Royal Engineers, was appointed on probation as tempo- rary surveyor on the 8th November.

Mr. W. F. BAMSEY resigned his appoinment as Draftsman from the 1st July.

The Honourable F. A. COOPER, after about 10 years' service in Hongkong was transferred to Ceylon as Director of Public Works in that Colony from the 6th May.

During the period that elapsed between the departure of Mr. COOPER and Mr. ORMSBY's arrival, Mr. W. CHATHAM, Senior Executive Engineer, acted as Director of Public Works, and on him fell the arduous duties connected with the Jubilee Celebration His service during the six months he held the appoint- ment met with the high approval of His Excellency Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, and his connection with the Jubilee Celebrations was deservedly recognised by the presentation of a gold medal.

Hongkong, 26th April, 1898.

R. D. ORMSBY, Director of Public Works.

Appendix A.

CITY OF VICTORIA AND HILL DISTRICT WATER WORKS, 1897.

Monthly Consumption, Contents of Reservoirs, &c.

236

POKFULAM.

TYTAM.

Collected

from Streams intercepted

MONTH.

In Reservoir,

1st

of Month.

Discharged

into

Tunnel.

In Reservoir,

Discharged

1st

of Month.

into

Tunnel.

by

Conduits.

Total

Consumption, (Filtered).

Blue Pool

and

Mint Dam, (Unfiltered).

Rainfall.

RKMARKS.

January,

gallons.

56,695,000

gallons.

gallons.

gallons.

gallons.

gallons.

gallons.

inches.

17,757,000 341,000,000

50,879,000

8,360,000

76,996,000

4,210,000

2.26

February,

46,645,000

16,038,000 315,087,000

46,340,000

4,279,000

66,657,000

3,919,000

1.82

March,

88,398,000

17,757,000 284,488,000

60,513,000.

1,598,000

79,868,000

6,366,000

,82

April,......

24,809,000

9,450,000

237,000,000

63,881,000

2,905,000

76,236,000

5,976,000

3.24

May,

20,079,000

24,617,000 229,200,000

45,061,000

21,132,000

90,810,000

5,710,000

14.86

June,

63,343,000

29,445,000 306,083,000

39,934,000

26,157,000

95,536,000

5,053,000

23.35

July,

66,330,000

24,800,000

388,000,000

55,996,000

18,249,000

99,045,000

9,559,000

5.57

August,

66,330,000

16,003,000 372,400,000

56,980,000

18,646,000

91,629,000 12,633,000

25.55

September,

66,330,000

29,785,000

388,000,000

51,107,000

13,297,000

94,189,000

8,264,000

8.84

October,.........

68,161,000

31,975,000 398,250,000

46,271,000

20,176,000

98,422,000

November,....

63,440,000

18,038,000 408,500,000

56,998,000

13,831,000

5,445,000

88,867,000 7,348,000

6.42

Boards inserted in bye-wash, both at Tytam and Pokfulam.

7.32

West catchwater commenced to discharge into Tytam Reser- voir on 8th November.

December,

68,113,000

9,050,000 401,667,000

68,593,000

6,207,000

83,850,000

6,806,000

.48

Total,..

244,715,000

......

642,553,000

154,837,000 1,042,105,000

76,289,000

100.03

Appendix B.

CITY OF VICTORIA AND HILL DISTRICT WATER WORKS, 1897.

Water pumped to Hill District and High Levels of the City (Theoretical displacement of Pumps).

HILL DISTRICT.

HIGH LEVELS OF THE CITY.

MONTH.

Pumped by

Motor.

Pumped by

Engine.

Total.

Reservoir on Peak Road.

Reservoir South of Belilios Terrace.

Reservoir South of Pokfulam Filter Beds.

Total.

COMBINED

TOTAL

HILL DISTRICT AND HIGH LEVELS

OF CITY.

gallons.

gallons.

gallons.

gallons.

gallons.

gallons.

gallons.

gallons.

January,

836,000

279,000

1,115,000

467,000

891,000

1,358,000

2,473,000

February,

809,000

64,000

873,000

395,000

705,000

1,100,000

1,973,000

March,

842,000

296,000

1,138,000

451,000

901,000

1,352,000

2,490,000

April,

372,000

721,000

1,093,000

467,000

969,000

1,436,000

2,529,000

May,

912,000

404,000

1,316,000

528,000

1,118,000

1,646,000

2,962,000

June,

1,279,000

130,000

1,409,000

505,000

968,000

1,473,000

2,882,000

July,

1,264,000

296,000

1,560,000

634,000

982,000

16,000

1,632,000

3,192,000

August,

1,240,000

258,000

1,498,000

547,000

1,091,000

1,638,000

3,136,000

September,

1,172,000

249,000

1,421,000

515,000

1,085,000

· 1,600,000

3,021,000

October,

1,208,000

89,000

1,297,000

557,000

1,096,000

1,653,000

2,950,000

November,

855,000

279,000

1,134,000

521,000

1,005,000

1,526,000

2,660,000

.....

December,

109,000

1,355,000

1,464,000*

483,000

885,000

63,000

1,431,000

2,895,000

Total,

10,898,000

4,420,000

15,318,000

6,070,000

11,696,000

79,000

17,845,000

33,163,000

* The increase in December was caused by the filling of the new Service Reservoir, which is capable of containing 409,000 gallons.

237

238

Appendix C.

CITY OF VICTORIA AND HILL DISTRICT WATER WORKS, 1897.

Particulars of Metered and Unmetered Supplies, &c.

SUPPLY TO CITY AND HILL DISTRICT (FILTERED).

MONTH.

City Unmetered.

City Metered.

Hill District

Metered.

Wongneichong and Mint Dam Reservoir, (Unfiltered)

Metered.

TOTAL SUPPLY (FILTERED And Unfiltered).

GRAND TOTAL.

Unmetered.

Metered.

gallons.

gallons.

gallons.

gallons.

gallons..

gallons.

gallons.

January,

66,368,000

1,115,000

9,513,000

4,210,000

66,368,000

14,838,000

81,206,000

February,

54,813,000

873,000

10,971,000

3,919,000

54,813,000

15,763,000

70,576,000

March,

· 66,359,000

1,138,000

12,371,000

6,366,000

66,359,000

19,875,000

86,234,000

April,

64,481,000

1,093,000

10,662,000

5,976,000

64,481,000

17,731,000

82,212,000

May,

79,224,000

1,316,000

10,270,000

5,710,000

79,224,000

17,296,000

96,520,000

June,

79,898,000

1,409,000

14,229,000

5,053,000

79,898,000

20,691,000

100,589,000

July,

83,824,000

1,560,000

13,661,000

9,559,000

83,824,000

24,780,000

108,604,000

August,

75,848,000

1,498,000

14,283,000

12,633,000

75,848,000

28,414,000

104,262,000

September,

78,254,000

1,421,000

14,514,000

3,264,000

78,254,000

19,199,000

97,453,000

October,

84,306,000

1,297,000

12,819,000

5,445,000

84,306,000

19,561,000

103,867,000

November,

71,621,000

1,134,000

16,112,000

7,348,000

71,621,000

24,594,000

96,215,000

December,

68,596,000

1,464,000

13,790,000

6,806,000

68,596,000

22,060,000

90,656,000

Total,..

873,592,000

15,318,000

153,195,000

76,289,000

873,592,000

244,802,000

1,118,394,000

Co

Appendix D.

CITY OF VICTORIA AND HILL DISTRICT WATER WORKS.

Diagram shewing hourly Consumption of Water.

March 29th, 1897.

10

6 A.M. H

10

5

2

NOON

N

I MIDNIGHT !!

3

4

10

SCALE.

1 inch 60,000 Gallons.

NOTE--Consumption each hour is plotted radially from centre.

Total Consumption

=2,923,011 Gallons.

Average hourly

121,792

239

8

00

6 P.M.

7

7

6 A.M.

Appendix E.

CITY OF VICTORIA AND HILL DISTRICT WATER WORKS.

10

Diagram shewing hourly Consumption of Water.

July 27th, 1897.

NOON

1 MIDNIGHT

||

2

SCALE.

1 inch 60,000 Gallons.

NOTE.-Consumption each hour is plotted radially from centre.

Total Consumption

=3,401,128 Gallons.

Average hourly

= 141,714

4.

241

6P.M.

!

6A.M.

7

Ca

Appendix F.

CITY OF VICTORIA AND HILL DISTRICT WATER WORKS.

Diagram shewing hourly Consumption of Water.

September 27th, 1897.

10

NOON

I MIDNIGHT

1

243

2

4

10

!

SCALE.

1 inch=60,000 Gallons.

NOTE. Consumption each hour is plotted radially from centre.

Total Consumption

=3,384,858 Gallons.

Average hourly

141,035

"

7

UT

5

6P.M.

6 A.M.

:

Appendix G.

CITY OF VICTORIA AND HILL DISTRICT WATER WORKS.

9

5

4

10

Diagram shewing hourly Consumption of Water,

December 21st, 1897.

NOON

2

MIDNIGHT !!

10

2

3

SCALE.

1 inch 60,000 Gallons.

NOTE--Consumption each hour is plotted radially from centre.

Total Consumption

Average hourly

=2,863,000 Gallons.

119,294

"

6P.M.

245

January,.

Appendix H.

KOWLOON WATER WORKS, 1897.

Monthly Consumption, &c.

Month.

Metered supplies.

Gallons.

Unmetered

Total

supplies. consumption. Gallons. Gallons.

1,437,300 2,732,825 4,170,125

February,

1,384,200 2,023,691 3,407,891

March,

1,253,500

3,411,212 4,664,712

1

April,

1,878,000

3,058,831 4,936,831

May,

June,

July,

August,

September,...

October,

1,887,000 3,678,775 5,565,775

2,121,000 3,251,233 5,372,233

1,662,000 4,312,825 5,974,825

2,359,000 3,733,699 6,092,699

2,807,000 3,962,981 6,769,981

2,579,000 4,217,300 6,796,300

November,

2,047,000 4,183,970 6,230,970

December,

1,691,000 4,926,788 6,617,788

1

:

Totals,

23,106,000 43,494,130 66,600,130

Personal Emoluments,

Exchange Compensation,

Other Charges,

Remarks.

247

Service laid to Godown Company's Wharf for supply to shipping. Supply extended to Mongkoktsui.

Appendix J.

ANNUALLY RECURRENT EXPENDITURE, 1897.

Repairs to Buildings,

Maintenance of Telegraphs,

""

Public Cemetery,

دو

""

Praya Wall and Piers, Lighthouses,

HEAD OF SERVICE.

Dredging Foreshores,..

Miscellaneous Works,

Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in Victoria,

"

out of Victoria,

in Kowloon,

Maintenance of Water Works, City of Victoria and Hill Districts,

Water Works, Kowloon,

""

"1

"

99

""

12

Sewers,.

Miscellaneous Services,

.....

Gas Lighting, City of Victoria,

Shaukiwan, Aberdeen,

Electric Lighting, City of Victoria,

Gas Lighting, Kowloon,

Maintenance of Public Recreation Ground,.

Expenses of the Clock Tower,

Plague Account,......................

AMOUNT.

C.

70,954.21

10,245.84

6,083.00

Total,........

.$

87,283.05

11,981.57

2,997.03

1,834.98

1,742.63

1,331.00

2,230.67

19,997.75

24,449.09

20,999.96

5,813.55

7,878.93

5,980.74

1,088.69

1,007.54

8,472.29

4,536.03

23,806.41

22,465.56

5,762.25

1,897.40

177.60

723.03

Total,.......

.$

207,174.70

248

WORKS.

Appendix K.

EXTRAORDINARY EXPENDITURE 1897.

Amount.

Prior to 1897. During 1897.

Total Amount.

Estimated

Cost.

$

C.

C.

$

C.

C.

Improvements Recreation Ground, Happy Valley,

Slaughter House, Sheep and Pig Depôts, including Pier,

Gaol Extension,

New Water Mains,

4,930.76

100,478.05

9,029.40

13,960.16

30,000.00

6,871.25

107,349.30

107,000.00

89,560.03 (a) 51,176.95 |(a)140,736.98

96,000.00

193,223.69

4,607.92 197,831.61 200,000.00

Sewerage of Victoria,

256,646.75

8,860.66 265,507.41 282,500.00

Water Supply, Kowloon,

118,929.48

Taitam Water Works Extension,

56,743.30

Road from Victoria Gap to Mount Kellet Road,

Water and Drainage Works, Miscellaneous,

51,348.24

61,220.05

2,930.94 121,860.42 180,000.00

8,962.55 65,705.85 70,000.00

9,979.87 9,979.87 26,000.00

112,568.29 (b) 30,000.00

Isolation Hospital,

......

14,575.07

6,562.27

21,137.34

20,000.00

Extension of Station Street North, Kowloon, and Streets at

Mong Kok Tsui,

1,284.36

3,943.96

5,228.32

12,000.00

Taipingshan Improvement,

19,273.22

47,388.24 66,661.46

83,000.00

Storm Water Drain, Wing Fung Street,

3,056.49

2,945.25

6,001.74

7,000.00

Salisbury Road, Kowloon,

1,575.00

1,525.00

3,100.00

3,200.00

Forming and kerbing Streets, Kowloon,.....

9,976.28

9,976.28

10,000.00

Forming and kerbing Streets, Victoria,

10,221.81

10,221.81

8,000.00

City of Victoria and Hill District Water Works,

104,539.93 104,539.93 267,000.00

Gardeners' Cottages,

13,449.49 13,449.49

15,000.00

Extension of Gas Lighting, Kowloon,

Improvement of Gas Lighting, City of Victoria,

2,437.00

4,961.75

2,437.00

3,500.00

4,961.75

Water Account,...

21,430.56

4,590.39 26,020.95

Raising the Praya Wall, Shek Tong Tsui, opposite M.Ls. 126

and 177-183

4,772.71

4,772.71

5,000.00

Jubilee Celebrations Illuminations,.........

New road from Plantation Road to Magazine Gap, ...

4,170.26

4,170.26

4,560.00

3,468.60

3,468.60

Jubilee Account,

302.17

302.17

Total,...............

..$

933,055.00 (c)388,894.70 1,321,949.70 1,459,760.00

a. Includes $50,000 for purchase of I. Lot 144.

b. Estimated cost for the year only.

c. Exclusive of $65,000 spent under Praya Reclamation Ordinance 16 of 1889.

371

No. 30

HONGKONG.

REPORT ON THE PROGRESS OF PUBLIC WORKS DURING THE HALF-YEAR

ENDING 30TH JUNE, 1898.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

98

No. 374.

PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT,

HONGKONG, 29th July, 1898.

SIR.I have the honour to submit the following report on the work of this Department for the first half of the current year.

ANNUALLY RECURRENT WORKS.

Maintenance of Buildings.—A considerable amount of work has been done under this vote, of which the following are the most important items :--

New floors to the Supreme Court.

New floors in two rooms of Central Police Station.

Repairs, colour-washing and white-washing of No. 7 Police Station.

General repairs and painting to Government House.

General repairs, painting, colour and white-washing the Government Civil Hospital. Repairs and painting Yaumati Market.

>>

""

""

Peak Signal Station.

Aberdeen School.

Hung Hom l'olice Station.

New Roof and repairs Kowloon Observatory.

Maintenance of Telegraphs.--The lines and instruments have been maintained in a satisfactory condition. With the advice of Mr. PREECE, consulting Electrical Engineer to the Government, an im- proved telephone has been designed which is calculated to withstand better the damaging effects of this climate; a number of these instruments have been ordered from England.

Maintenance of Public Cemetery.-The cemetery has been kept in good order. The available space is now becoming very limited, and extension of the ground will soon become necessary.

Maintenance of Praya Wall and Piers.-Under this vote some urgent repairs to Ice House Street pier and the pier at Stonecutters' Island have been effected.

Maintenance of Lighthouses.-The Gap Rock lighthouse and attached quarters have been painted and colour-washed. The buildings generally are in good order.

Dredging Foreshores.-Under this heading a considerable amount of useful work has been done at Ship Street pier, Bowrington, near Wanchai, and at Shektongtsui. With the present appliances, it is scarcely possible to meet the demands for dredging, and little or nothing has been done in Causeway Bay for some time.

Maintenance of Roads in Victoria.-The roads and streets of the city have been kept generally in good repair. Garden Road, between the Tram station and MacDonnell Road, has been laid with lime and cement concrete. The bridge on MacDonnell Road and the approach to it have been raised and concreted. First, Second and Third Streets have been also surfaced with concrete. Queen's Road Cen- tral, from Ice House Street to the Supreme Court, has been macadamized with 3 inches of the hard blue crystalline stone (gneiss) of which there is an abundance in the Colony. The general use of this stone would result in harder, smoother and better roads, not liable to become a mass of greasy mud in wet weather; but owing to its extreme hardness, contractors demand double rates for breaking it, so for the present it has only been used experimentally, other arrangements for utilizing this stone, by obtain- ing stone-crushing machines, are under consideration. The introduction of a steam road roller will result in street repairs being much more rapidly and efficiently done.

Maintenance of Roads out of Victoria.-The roads and bridges in the Colony are in fair order, and after the rains will be re-surfaced where necessary. A portion of Wanchai Gap road has been con- creted. The following is the mileage of different classes of roads in charge of the Department :-

Carriage roads...

Roads in Victoria too steep for wheel traffic......14 Roads outside Victoria

Peak District

Kowloon roads

...264 miles.

??

.40

8

"}

.20

??

Total............108 miles.

372

Maintenance of Roads in Kowloon.-These roads are mainly formed of decomposed granite; they have been maintained in good condition during the half-year.

Miscellaneous Works.-The following are the more important works carried out under this

heading:-

1. Alterations to the offices formerly occupied by the Registrar General to adapt them for the

use of the Attorney General's Department. C.S.O. 2885

6

81

2. Installation of Electric light in "Beaconsfield." C.S.O. 2894 3. Laying 'a floor of broken stone and tar under the planked floor of the Land Office.

C.S.O. 2817

4. Erecting iron railing round the Queen's Statue. 5. Coating Canopy of the Queen's Statue with

C.S.O. 1989

C.S.O. 2387 patent

2467 1896

stone liquid to arrest decay.

6. Installation of Electric light in the Supreme Court and offices. C.S.O. 1954

1897

7. Substituting a brick boundary wall for railing at the Belilios Public School and altering

gates. C.S.O. 351

1898

1898

239

1898

8. Repairing damage done to the Chinese Lunatic Asylum by fire. C.S.O. 1898 9. Construction of masonry shelters for five Fire Despatch Boxes in the city. C.S.O. 1998 10. Additional Quarters Government Civil Hospital. C.S.O. 658. Work commenced. 11. Alteration of 46 locks and strengthening cell doors at the Victoria Gaol. C.S.O. 1973 Lighting the City of Victoria and Kowloon.-This work has been satisfactorily done by the Gas and Electric Companies. There are now 666 street gas lamps in the City, 6 lamps on Government wharves, and 3 high power lamps besides 15 street lamps in the Military grounds. In Kowloon there are 164 street lamps and 1 wharf lamp.

Incandescent burners have been fitted to 397 lamps in the city.

PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.

Road from Victoria Gap to Mount Kellett Road.—The retaining walls have been finished and most of the filling done, and it is expected soon that the new road can be thrown open to the public. In the meantime traffic passes along a temporary staging below "Treverbyn."

Taipingshan Improvement.-The laying out of the whole of the resumed area is now nearing completion. Building operations on the lots sold are well advanced.

City of Victoria and Hill District Waterworks.—(i) Reservoir and Catchwater, Wongneichong Gap. This dam has been built to within 18 feet of the overflow level, and two of the draw-off valves have been fixed. The catchwater has been completed except its connection with the reservoir, which cannot be done yet. (ii) The filter beds and service reservoir at Bowen Road were completed on the 14th June, and have been in regular use since that date. A contract for a Caretaker's Bungalow and for coolie quarters has been let, and work on the buildings commenced.

Forming and Kerbing Streets.-The new road from Hung Hom to Hok Ün is nearing completion. It bounds the land recently acquired for the establishment of cement works, and opens up a number of excellent building sites for which, no doubt, there will be a demand in the early future. This road should be extended to Kowloon city next year.

The approach to the bridge on MacDonnell Road from Garden Road has been raised and much improved, and will be of benefit to the tenants of the numerous European houses now being built in this locality. The Nullah west of the Tram line is being arched over, to admit of the construction on it of a road to Bowen Road station from MacDonnell Road, half the cost of this work is being met by the Hongkong Land Investment Company.

Road from Plantation Road to Magazine Gap.-This work is well advanced. The steep bank at the commencement of the road near the Tram station caused much anxiety for a time.

The cutting here passed through what must have been an old landslip; the soil is of a treacherous nature, and numerous loose boulders of great size and weight overhung the roadway and the tramway beneath it. This proximity to the Tram line made it impossible to use powder or dynamite and so get rid of the whole mass, which consequently had to be wedged and carried away piece by piece. A strong retaining wall is now being built which will effectually prevent any further slips.

Taikoktsui Market.-Plans and specification have been prepared and tenders invited for this work. Gaol Extension.A permanent workshop of two stories was commenced in March in the European Yard on the site of D wing which had been removed. The work has been done chiefly by prison labour and is approaching completion. Several association cells have been converted into single cells, and this work is still in progress in the Female Prison, the old hospital, and in A2 and A3 wards. The block of quarters on the left of the entrance is being adapted for a Gaol Hospital.

373

Quarters for Gaol Staff.-The buildings standing on Inland Lot 144, acquired as a site for these quarters, have been demolished, and the materials, not required for work in the Gaol, removed. Plans for the new quarters are being prepared.

Sewerage of Victoria and Water and Drainage Works, Miscellaneous.-Extensions of sewers have been made where necessary and work has been commenced on the sewerage of No. 3 Section of the Praya Reclamation. The drains in connection with the formation of the new road to Hok Ün are practically completed. The diversion of a stream from the site of the Cotton Mills at Causeway Bay is in progress. The Western Market has been re-drained, several underground and extremely objec- tionable drains removed, and surface drainage substituted. An old and chiefly disused system of storm-water drains, commencing at the top of Possession Street and discharging near the Harbour Master's Office, was taken up and where possible entirely abolished: where still necessary, a new drain of smaller and better section and gradient was built.

Path between Wanchai and Wongneichong Gaps.-A trace was made between these gaps, touching Middle Gap on the way, and a two-foot wide path has been cut along it for the use of pedestrians. If funds are available this will be opened into a 12-foot road in 1899.

it

The Mount Kellett Road has been much improved by filling up a deep depression beyond the Gap between Wageningen" and Des Voeux Villas. The cost of this work was borne by Mr. EDE, who thereby got rid of a large quantity of earth from the front of "Myrtle Bank."

Victoria Jubilee Road.--The survey for this road was finally completed in June. It was delayed for several weeks by the serious illness of Mr. HUGHES, who contracted fever while working in the swamp near Aberdeen. The length of road traced and

The length of road traced and surveyed between Shaukiwan and Kennedy Town is 18 miles. The plans, which comprise some forty sheets of survey and cross sections, are well in hand, and calculations for the preparation of the Estimate are in progress. A very satisfactory trace, with good gradients, has been obtained, and it is hoped that a start with the work may shortly be made.

The unfortunate outbreak of Plague, and the uncertainty as to the expenditure which would be thereby involved, led to some desirable works being postponed for a time. The expenditure of the Department on Plague Account for the period under review amounted to $6,865.

A statement is annexed of the lands leased during the half-year, and the work done by the Survey Branch.

PRAYA RECLAMATION WORKS.

Satisfactory progress was made during the half-year under review with these works. Com- mencing at the extreme west, a contract was let on the 13th April to Mr. CHAN A-TONG for depositing the rubble mound of Section 1 West; the alignment piles were fixed, and up to June 30th 719,118 cubic feet of rubble stone were delivered. This work will be completed in November. Work had been suspended on Section 1 East for two years, during which time the gas, water, and sewage mains had been Jaid, and considerable progress made with buildings on the reclaimed land. On the 23rd March, a contract was let to Mr. A CHEONG for bringing up the roadways to the proper level, surfacing them, and completing the footways. This work was satisfactorily completed on the 30th June, except a short length of footway in front of a building still under construction. The following is a record of the work done:

Filling in and raising new Praya Lime concrete covering over wall

Lime concrete margins of roadways.... Macadamizing roadways.

..32,728 cubic feet.

5,859 104.23 squares.

....1,080.33

""

"}

Portland cement surfacing roads

Portland cement surfacing footpaths

577.80 "" 222.28 ""

Section No. 2.-The completion of roadways and footpaths, which had been in abeyance for nearly 2 years, was resumed last year and completed in a very satisfactory manner by Mr. TSANG KENG in January.

Section No. 3.-Work on this section was considerably advanced under contract No. 23 by Mr. TSANG KENG. The telegraph and gas mains have been laid, and the laying of water and sewage mains is in progress. Building operations have been commenced by some of the lot-owners, and nothing re- mains to be done beyond the surfacing of some of the roads and of the footpaths.

Section No. 4.-The subsidence of about 314 lineal feet of the rubble mound on this section was described in a former report; during the half-year under review, the earth and silt which had collected over the subsided portion was removed by the dredger, and the mound brought up to the proper level, the necessary material, about 6,000 cubic yards of rubble, being supplied under contract by Mr. TSANG KENG. 385 lineal feet of the foundations were loaded with concrete blocks weighing about 22 tons per lineal foot of wall. Over 30,000 cubic yards of earth were deposited on this section, chiefly surplus earth from Taipingshan resumed area.

374

Section No. 5.-On this section, the passages left in the rubble mound to permit boats to pass through were filled up to level; a length of 340 feet of the top course of concrete blocks in the sea wall was set, and 256 feet of foundations were weighted with blocks, 22 tons per lineal foot of wall. 26,000 cubic yards of earth were filled in. The Morrison Street storm-water drain was intercepted and extended for a distance of 285 feet along the Praya, and connected with the storm-water drain from Cleverly Street, it being found that one outlet was sufficient for both. The Harbour Master's wharf was disposed of by tender and has been removed, a temporary jetty being provided in lieu thereof outside the sea wall.

Section No. 6.-On this section 40 lineal feet of the top course of blocks of the sea wall adjoining section No. 5 were set.

Sections Nos. 6E and 7W. Work on these sections has been in progress since May, 1897, under contract No. 11 of 1897 with Messrs. CHAN YING CHEUNG and CHAN TONG. This contract included the construction of the New Pedder's Pier and Pottinger Street Pier, on the original designs, but work had been stopped for three months last year by order of Government owing to the decision to substitute open steel or iron piers. Eventually, Pottinger Street Pier was completed as designed, and opened to the public, while the work of lifting the blocks of the Pedder's Street Pier which had been set in the foundations has proceeded departmentally. This work has proved very difficult and expensive and is not yet sufficiently advanced to admit of the contractor proceeding with the superstructure of the base on the new and approved design. It involves the removal of 34,000 cubic feet of concrete blocks and 17,000 cubic feet of rubble hearting, and replacing in another position 16.000 cubic feet of blocks and 20,000 cubic feet of hearting. Up to 30th June, 11,000 cubic feet of blocks had been removed. The earth work on this section was well advanced during the half-year, practically rendering available for public use the whole area from Ice House Street to Pottinger Street and out to the line of new harbour front.

The divers and floating plant have been chiefly employed on this work during the half-year. The Pontoon Crane and Block Barges and the Steam Tug Praya were thoroughly overhauled and put in good order early in the year. The Dredger is badly in need of repairs, but has been so much and so constantly in use that it has been found impossible to send her to Dock.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY,

Sales by auction, 8 Lots

Extensions to 12 Lots

...

Lands granted, 8 Lots

HALF-YEARLY REPORT.

From 1st January to 30th June, 1898.

Area.

R. D. ORMSBY, Director of Public Works.

Premium.

Crown Rent.

c.

$ c.

80,815

58,443.00

586.00

379,571

26,477.28

1,300.00

48,776

356.00

509,162

84,920.28

2,342.00

4,985.00

Rent for Land occupied by Booths at Race Meeting

80 sets Plans in duplicate and particulars of Lots issued to Land Office for preparation of new Leases. 12.26 acres surveyed in connection with issue of new Leases and re-adjustment of Boundaries of 43 Lots. 1.86 acre surveyed in connection with Land Sales.

2.17 acres

*

1.12 acre

>>

11

with Extensions to Lots. with Lands granted.

Boundary stones fixed to 27 Lots.

No. 1.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE

At a Meeting held on the 11th January, 1898.

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Director of Public Works (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY), Chairman.

""

the Colonial Treasurer (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

19

ABSENT:

61

The Honourable CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

The Chairman laid before the meeting plans and estimate for the extension of the road from Hung-Hom to Hok-Un, and explained the proposed works.

Resolved unanimously, that the Committee approve of the same and recommend sanction of the estimate amounting to $19,200.

The meeting then adjourned till 3 p.m. on Thursday, 13th January, 1898, in order that the Honourable Mr. CHATER might be present.

Laid before the Legislative Council this 25th day of January, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Clerk of Councils.

R. D. ORMSBY,

Chairman.

No. 3.

REPORT OF PROCEEDIGNS

OF THE

PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE

At a Meeting held on the 15th March, 1898.

63

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Director of Public Works (ROBERT DALY ORMSBY), Chairman.

the Colonial Treasurer (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).

"

"

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, C.M.G.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

>>

>>

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

Subjects for consideration :-

1. Proposed New Store for the Public Works Department at Wanchai. 2. Proposed Bungalow and Coolie Quarters at Bowen Road Filter Beds.

1. The Committee considered plans and estimate for the proposed new Store and Store-keeper's Residence, and approve of the same, and recommend that the work be carried out in accordance there- with. But with regard to the site they recommend that, before proceeding with the work, the question of the rights of the Government to the same be submitted to the Honourable the Attorney General for his opinion.

2. The Committee unanimously approve of the proposed Bungalow and Coolie Quarters at Bowen Road Filter Beds, estimated to cost $5,800, and recommend sanction of the same.

Laid before the Legislative Council this 25th day of July, 1898.

J. G. T. BUCKLE.

Clerk of Councils.

R. D. ORMSBY,

Chairman.

No.

129

8

98

HONGKONG.

REPORT ON PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT STORES.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

Public Works Department,

No. 1.

PUBLIC WORKS OFFICE, HONGKONG, 5th January, 1898.

"STORE FOR THE PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT."

SIR,-The necessity for proper store accommodation for the use of the Public Works Depart- ment, in some fairly central site, has been more than once brought to the attention of Government, but as nothing has been done yet to meet this undoubted want, it seems scarcely necessary to refer to previous files, and I have the honour now to bring the matter to your notice hoping that it may be possible to bring it to a definite issue.

2. The question was dealt with by the Committee appointed by His Excellency the Governor to report on the condition of Public Offices, from which subject, however, I think it should now be dis- associated as it really stands on a quite different footing.

3. Paragraph 14 of the Report of that Committee describes the present accommodation used by the Department, which I here again enumerate.

The Public Works Department Stores are now located in three separate buildings, viz., Crosby Store, No. 3A Blue Buildings, and at Wanchai Store on Government land reclaimed from the fore- shore, in addition to which a small store is maintained at No. 2 Tank in connection with the work- shop there, and some goods are also stored opposite the Sailors' Home.

4. Crosby Store occupies an area of 4,131 square feet and the old Education Offices (forming part of the same building but now unsafe and unoccupied) an area of 6,947 square feet, a total of 11,078 square feet of inost valuable land in the heart of the City.

These buildings are in such a dilapidated condition as to be positively unsafe, rendering their use as stores very limited, and should they collapse, likely to lead to considerable loss of the property stored there. I estimate that less than one-third of the space is capable of being used.

The site is probably as valuable as any in the City, and I have little doubt would sell now for over $12 a square foot, and thus bring in $133,000, to Government.

5. The store in Blue Buildings is rented by Government from the Land Investment Company at an annual rental of $949.20 including taxes.

6. The store at Wanchai on the Reclamation in front of Marine Lots 117 and 118 Praya East, though very small, is undoubtedly the most conveniently situated store we possess, and on this site I would recommend the erection of a suitable permanent building to contain all our stores, and a small residence for a storekeeper with accommodation for our workshops.

7. The present staff employed in connection with our Store Department are as follows:-

Head Storekeeper,

Clerk, ......

Four Store Coolies,

One Watchman,

.....

Six

Do.,

One Indian Constable,

$60.00 per mensem.

10.00

33.00

7.00

""

36.00

""

13.50

-$159.50

or $1,914.00 per annum.

With all our stores concentrated in one place I would consider the following staff ample

Head Storekeeper (to do clerk's work also),

Two Store Coolies $10 and $7, ....

Two Watchmen $7,..........

$70.00

17.00

14.00

$101.00

or $1,212.00 per annum.

130

8. The store at Wanchai is in a convenient position as regards our work; it is within a mile of the Office, has water carriage up to the entrance, and on portion of the site the workshops and small connected store now on No. 2 Tank near Taipingshan can be transferred.

9. I have gone over the existing stores and noted the space now occupied, and what our maxi- mum requirements in that respect are likely to be, and have come to the conclusion that a building 110 feet by 35 feet with 2 floors will be sufficient. There should be also an open shed for non- perishable articles which should, however, be under cover, and a residence for the storekeeper; and I estimate the total cost will not exceed $18,191.00 as per enclosed particulars.

10. The saving to Government by carrying out this proposal would be as follows :-

Annual cost of present staff,

Rent paid for Blue Buildings,

$1,914.00 949.20

$2,863.20

Deduct cost of proposed new staff,.

Saving,....

which capitalized may be taken to represent about $33,000.00.

1,212.00

.$1,651.20

11. I do not refer to the large sum that is certain to be realized by the sale of Crosby Store and adjoining premises, as I have in another paper proposed devoting the money so realized to the construc- tion of new Public Offices, nor do I refer to the fact that it was at one time proposed to reserve a most valuable site on the new Reclamation opposite the Sailors' Home for Public Works Department Stores, as my proposal seems on its own merits to be so evidently advantageous and a saving to Government as to warrant its early sanction.

12. In conclusion, I submit for the approval of His Excellency the Governor that I be authorized to lay this proposal before the Public Works Committee, and, if it meets with approval, proceed at once with the work, the necessary funds being provided by a special supplementary vote.

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

R. D. ORMSBY, Director of Public Works.

HONGKONG PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT.

ESTIMATE SPECIFICA-

ITEMS OF ESTIMATE.

TION.

Department Store at Wanchai, and a Storekeeper's resi- dence with connected Offices, also for covered sheds and a workshop, in accordance with detailed plans and specifications. This Estimate provides for the construction of a Public Works

QUANTITY. RATE. AMOUNT.

TOTAL.

No. 1 STORE.

C.

GA

C. $

C.

Do.

Do.

Excavation for foundations,

Cement concrete in foundations,

Granite masonry, dressed beds and joints,

Brickwork in lime mortar,

37

cubes.

.74

27.38

15.25

30.00

457.50

39

in surfacing,

moulded,

34 squares.

11.00

374.00

15.25 cubes.

65.00

991.25

2.50

80.00

200.00

80

23.00

1,840.00

99

Do. in cement mortar, arches,

2

28.00

56.00

""

Tiled roofing complete, ......

Superficial feet of glazed windows,

43

squares.

20.00

860.00

162

.40

64.80

Do. braced and ledged doors,

520

.42

218.40

""

Roof trusses complete,

10

35.00

350.00

"

Planked flooring complete,

34.25

28.50

976.12

""

Allow for staircase, Steel joists,.. Cast iron gutters,

Down pipes including c. i. heads, Oiling woodwork, Painting 3 coats, Tarring 2 coats,

Black-varnishing 2 coats,. White-washing 3 coats,..

60.00

6.25 tons. 225 feet.

200.00

1,250.00

.24

54.00

....

100

.40

40.00

.....

39.25 squares.

2.00

78.50

16.50

3.30

54.45

"J

198

1.40

277.20

"

4.50

2.00

وو

160

.30

9.00 48.00

8,286.60

Contingencies 10 %,

828.40

$ 9,115.00

44

:

:

ESTIMATE

SPECIFICA-

TION.

HONGKONG PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT,-Continued.

ITEMS OF ESTIMATE.

No. 2 STOREKEEPER'S HOUSE.

QUANTITY,

RATE. AMOUNT. TOTAL.

Brought forward,

C. $ C. $

C.

131

$9,115.00

Excavation for foundations,

Do.

in flooring of verandah,. in surfacing,

24.50 cubes.

.74

18.13

Do.

Cement concrete in foundations,

Do.

Granite masonry, dressed beds and joints,

Brickwork in lime mortar,.......

Do. in cement mortar,

Tiled roofing complete,

12.25

30.00

367.50

1.25

32.00

40.00

13.75 squares.

11.00

151.25

7 cubes.

65.00

455.00

moulded,

2.50

80.00

200.00

""

60

23.00

1,380.00

""

5

28.00

140.00

99

14

squares.

20.00

280.00

Superficial feet of glazed windows,

120

.42

50.40

""

Do.

do. with jalousies,

135

.80

108.00

">

Do.

of braced and ledged doors,

300

.50

150.00

J

Roof trusses complete,

2

20.00

40.00

"

Planked flooring complete, Allow for staircase,

8.50

35.00

297.50

30.00

Do. mantle piece,..

Stoneware pipes 9" diameter,

Do.

Manholes complete, Traps complete,

Steel joists,...........

Verandah railings,

Cast iron eaves gutters,.

25.00

25

feet.

1.20

30.00

6" do.,

100

1.00

100.00

....

""

1

15.00

15.00

""

2

4.00

8.00

99

0.50 tons.

200.00

100.00

1.25 squares.

50.00

62.50

100

feet.

.24

24.00

Down pipes including heads, etc.,

150

.40

60.00

"

Céiling,

6.50 squares.

12.00

78.00

Plastering,

20.50

4.00

82.00

""

Oiling woodworks,................

Painting 3 coats,

8.50

2.00

17.00

""

22

3.30

72.60

""

Tarring 2 coats,

Black-varnishing 2 coats,,

21

1.40

29.40

""

4

2.00

8.00

""

White-washing 3 coats,....

No. 3 SHEDS AND WORKSHOP.

Excavation in foundations,

Cement concrete in foundations,

Do. Do.

in surfacing,

channels,

Brickwork in lime mortar,

Do. in cement mortar, Granite masonry, moulded, Tiled roofing complete,

37.25

.30

11.17

"

Contingencies 10 %,

4,430.45 443.55

$ 4,874.00

11.25 cubes.

.74

8.33

3

30.00

90.00

"

33.50 squares.

11.00

368.50

900

feet.

.17

157.50

10

cubes.

23.00

230.00

2

28.00

56.00

1.50

80.00

120.00

32.50 squares.

25.00

812.50

Roof trusses complete,

25

12.00

300.00

Lead gutters,

250

feet.

.30

75.00

Cast iron eaves gutters,..

225

.24

54.00

""

Down pipes including heads, etc.,

150

.40

60.00

""

Tarring 2 coats,

47

squares.

1.40

65.80

Black-varnishing 2 coats,

8.50

2.00

7.00

""

White-washing 3 coats,...

103

.30

30.90

99

Contingencies 10%,

2,435.58 243.47

No. 4 YARD.

$ 2,679.00

This Estimate provides for the construction of a Public Works Department Store at Wanchai, and a Storekeeper's residence with connected Offices, also for covered sheds and a workshop, in accordance with detailed plans and specifications.

Excavation, Cement concrete in surfacing, Allow for drainage,

17.50 cubes.

.74

12.95

52

squares. 11.00

572.00

800.00

Contingencies 10 %,

1,384.95 138.05

TOTAL,

Hongkong, 5th January, 1898.

$ 1,523.00

18,191.00

R. D. ORMSBY, Director of Public Works.

L

327 No. 27

98

HONGKONG.

REGISTRAR GENERAL'S REPORT FOR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

REGISTRAR GENERAL'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 19th March, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to forward herewith for Your Excellency's information my report on the work of this department for the

year 1897.

REVENUE.

All the items of Revenue show an increase as compared with the previous year with the exception of the revenues derived from Boat Licences and the Registration of Householders which have slightly

decreased.

The total Revenue collected during the year amounted to $113,759.66, or $16,139.05 more than that for the preceding year.

The Markets are responsible for $998.64 of this increase, and there is an increased Revenue of $13,807.00 derived from fees for Certificates of Identity issued to Chinese emigrating from the Colony to the United States of America.

EXPENDITURE.

The actual expenditure in 1897 under personal emoluments, including Exchange Compensation and Other Charges, was $13,488.95 as compared with $15,263.14 in 1896 and $18,585.13 in 1895.

PÓ LEUNG KUK INCORPORATION ORDINANCE.

(No. 18 of 1893.)

WOMEN AND GIRLS PROTECTION ORDINANCE.

(No. 9 of 1897.)

The Report of the Pó Léung Kuk Society with the accounts of the Revenue and of the Expenditure of the Society for the year are published separately. The Committee of the Society has held monthly meetings throughout the year.

The number of Women and Girls detained during the year under Part II of Ordinance 9 of 1897 was 255, an increase of 14 on the number detained in 1896 and of 60 on the figures for 1895.

Table II (a) gives particulars as to how those Girls were disposed of.

The number of girls under the protection of the Office under section 25 of the Ordinance is 43, regarding whom details are given in Table II B.

104 Women and Girls were reported to the Pó Léung Kuk as having disappeared in Hongkong; 28 of them were subsequently recovered. Many of the married women reported as missing, no doubt, had their own reasons for leaving their homes.

I regret to be compelled to again call attention to the large number of "sly" brothels, which will, I fear, continue to increase until steps are taken to deal with this evil. The Chinese are most anxious that something should be done to remedy the present state of affairs, which they complain is a great nuisance to respectable residents in the Colony and acts as a deterrent to the increase of Chinese family life in Hongkong.

There were 424 warrants issued during the year under Section 30 of Ordinance 9 of 1897 to searchsly brothels," and 25 Girls were rescued by these means.

EMIGRATION.

The number of female passengers and children examined at the Emigration Office and allowed to proceed to their destination was 8,501 in 1897 as compared with 8,686 in 1896 and 11,008 in the previous year. (See Table III.)

The figures for 1894 were 6,455 and for 1893, 9,109.

1897 thus appears as an average year though there is a slight decrease under the important heading of Emigration to the Straits Settlements.

CERTIFICATES FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

In 1896, the Registrar General undertook the issue of Certificates of Identity to Chinese of the exempt class" proceeding to the United States of America.

A Certificate contains a general description of the holder giving his name, age, profession, height and noting any physical peculiarity he may possess.

328

A photograph of the holder is attached to the Certificate which bears on its face a statement that he is not a labourer and is entitled to enter the United States of America under the Treaty between that country and China, dated 8th December, 1894. A fee of $3.00 was originally charged for each Certificate issued and the proceeds carried to the Revenue of the Colony.

During the course of 1897, applicants for these Certificates became so numerous that the fee was raised to $5.00 in June and to $10.00 on 1st August. The number of emigrants still increased so rapidly that the fee was again raised on 20th September to $25.00, at which figure it still remains.

No Certificate is issued unless a Bond for $500 has been entered into by a registered householder of the Colony as a guarantee of the good faith of the emigrant.

POPULATION.

The following is the estimate of the number of the population of the Colony on the 30th June:-

British and Foreign Community.

13,700

Chinese. 235,010 CENSUS.

Total. 248,710

A Census of the Colony was taken on the night of the 20th January.

The work was placed in charge of Mr. A. W. BREWIN, the acting Assistant Registrar General, who was assisted by Mr. CHAPMAN, the Government Assessor.

A larger staff of enumerators was engaged than for previous Censuses and better pay was given. The work of tabulation instead of being done by the staff of the Registrar General's Office with the assistance of one or two extra Chinese writers was performed altogether by temporary clerks.

Preliminary returns were published on 1st February, and the full Report with statistical tables attached was made by Mr. BREWIN on 20th June (Sessional Paper No. 34).

MARRIAGES.

(Ordinance No. 14 of 1875.)

The number of marriages solemnized during the year was 93 as compared with 71 in 1896. The number of marriages between Chinese in Victoria on the occasion of which permits to fire crackers were issued was 251 as against 207 in 1896.

BIRTHS AND DEATHS. (Ordinance No. 16 of 1896.)

Table IV A gives the number of Births and Deaths registered during the year.

The death-rates at various ages and the causes of death will be found in Tables IV B and IV C. The Births among the British and Foreign Community were 243 compared with 255 in 1896, and the number of Births registered as having occurred among the Chinese Community was 1,125 as compared with 978 in the previous year.

There were 17 prosecutions under the Ordinance in 1897, under the following headings :-

Unlawful removal of dead bodies,

Death, failing to report,

Death, wilfully giving false information of,..

2

14 cases.

21

1

The number of deaths in the British and Foreign Community was 204 as compared with 253 in 1896; among the Chinese 4,484 as compared with 5,607 in 1896, of these 19 died from Plague. 174 of the deaths among the British and Foreign Community and 3,033 among the Chinese were cer- tified to by a registered Medical Practitioner or were the subject of a Coroner's Enquiry. The following table shows the number of deaths and the death-rate per 1,000 during the last seven years.

British and Foreign,..

Chinese,

Total,

Estimated Population.

1894

1895

1896

1897

1891

1892 1893 10,494 10,590 10,686 10,782 10,828 12,709 13,700 214,320 221,072 228,038 235,224 237,670 226,710 235,010 .224,814 231,662 238,724 246,006 248,498 239,419 248,710

British and Foreign,

Chinese,

Total,

Deaths.

5,374 4,906 5,422

7,407

5,400 5,860

4,688

Death-rate per 1,000.

18.20

17.37 17.97

23.28

17.64

19.91

14.89

24.18

21.30

22.93

30.42

21.92

24.75

19.08

23.90

21.18

22.71

30.11

21.73

24.48

18.85

Under the Births and Deaths Registration Ordinance, 16 of 1896, the removal of a dead body from the Colony is forbidden without a certificate having been obtained from the Registrar General or a Registrar.

The issue of these certificates has now been undertaken by the Police, the Inspector in charge of the Central Station being a Registrar. Of such Removal Certificates 537 were issued in 1897.

EXHUMATIONS.

137 permits were issued to exhuine human remains for removal to China or for re-burial in the Colony.

HOSPITAL DEATHS.

329

Table IV D contains a return of the number of deaths in hospital. They amounted to 1,623 or 34.62 per cent. of the total number of deaths registered during the year.

Table IV E gives particulars regarding the Tung Wa Hospital. The number of patients under treatment during the year was 2,896 as compared with 2,214 in the year 1896 and 2,840 in the year 1895. Of these 1,801 were discharged and 974 died. The percentage of deaths to admissions during the year is 35.24. In the preceding year the percentage was 38.80.

The number of out-patients during the year was :-

Males, Females,

76,464

40,162

116,626

This number is less by 13,069 than that for the year 1896.

REGISTRATION OF BOOKS.

(Ordinance No. 10 of 1888.)

66 books were registered during the year as compared with 34 in 1896. The usual quarterly returns were published in the Gazette.

REGISTRATION OF HOUSEHOLDERS.

(Ordinance No. 13 of 1888, Chap. III.)

Table VI gives particulars regarding the issue of householders' certificates.

PERMITS.

(Ordinance No. 3 of 1888, Chap. V.)

The nature and number of permits issued during the year were as follows:-

To fire crackers,

To perform theatricals,

To hold processions,

To hold religious ceremonies,

412

5

30

25

472

SURETIES REFERRED FOR REPORT.

The number of sureties referred to this Department for report during the year amounted to 982 and were distributed as follows:---

Harbour Department,

Magistracy,

Police Department,

Supreme Court,

Botanical and Afforestation Department,

Total,...

DISTRICT WATCHMEN.

536

281

155

1

9

982

A full statement of the revenue and expenditure for the year is given in Table VII A, and the state of the force on the 31st December and other particulars will be found in Table VII B.

The District Watchmen were instrumental in bringing 260 cases before the Police Magistrate and the Committee is indebted to the Chinese newspapers, the Tsun Wan Yat l'ó and the Wai San Yat Pó, for continuing to publish weekly lists of these cases for the information of subscribers to the District Watchmen Fund.

Steps have been taken to bring the District Watchmen Force into closer touch with the Police Force by placing them on the Police beats under the supervision of the Inspectors and Sergeants on patrol duty. This arrangement has worked well and increased the efficiency and usefulness of the Force.

The contributions to the Fund for the year were $7,853.75 as compared with $7,543.45 for the preceding year. The actual expenditure was $9,528.78 as compared with $10,262.24. The balance to the credit of the Fund is $10,697.10. The loss on exchange, caused principally by the discount at which the Canton subsidiary coinage stands, was $61.18.

CHINESE RECREATION GROUND.

A statement of revenue and expenditure is given in Table VIII. The total expenditure for the year was $568.55. The revenue obtained from the rent of the shops, letter-writers' tables, &c., was $1,510.86. There is a balance of $1,811.44 to the credit of the Fund.

330

CHARITABLE FUNDS.

Tables IX and X give statements of account of the two Funds administered by this Office.

STAFF.

In connection with the Gambling Scandals the following members of the staff either resigned or were dismissed from the service :-

First Clerk, Interpreter, Registration Clerk, Writer,

27

17

Messenger,

Their places have been filled as follows:--

Acting First Clerk,. Interpreter,

Registration Clerk, Writer,...

>>

""

Messenger,

,,

..C. OSMUND dismissed.

T. W. QUINCEY dismissed. ...Lo MAN-KAM resigned. ...IP PAK-SHAU dismissed. YUNG KAN resigned. ...LI LONG-Pò resigned. ...KWONG CHI resigned.

..KWONG HOP resigned. ...YUNG LEUNG resigned.

P. P. J. WODEHOUSE. Ts'oI YEUK-TSHAN. ..LI KIN-CHING. ...CHUNG NGOK-WAN. ...LI Kwok.

...U HÜNG-KAI.

YUNG KWONG IP. ...CH'AN KIN P'ANG.

YUNG LEUNG.

The post of Assistant Registrar General was filled, from 1st January to 14th April, by Mr. A. W. BREWIN, who took up the duties of Inspector of Schools on the latter date.

The office remained vacant until July 17th, when Mr. A. SETH was appointed to do acting duty until the post was filled by the arrival of Mr. H. H. GOMPERTZ of the Straits Settlements Civil Service, who was gazetted to the substantive appointment with effect from 4th September, 1897.

Dr. CLARK, Medical Officer of Health to the Sanitary Board, was appointed Superintendent of Statistics in the Registrar General's Office. His professional knowledge has proved of great value in compiling Mortality Statistics of this Department, and under his superintendence these statistics have become more reliable than formerly.

GENERAL.

Ordinances.

The Ordinances more particularly affecting the Chinese and this Office, which were passed during 1897, are three in number:

No. 4 of 1897.-Vaccination (Amendment).

6 of 1897.-Night Passes (Amendment).

>>

9 of 1897.-Women and Girls Protection (Amendment).

"}

Ordinance 9 of 1897 consolidates the Laws relating to the Protection of Women and Girls in the Colony, while incorporating certain provisions of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885 which seem to be specially applicable to local requirements.

As the powers conferred provisionally on the Registrar General by Part II of Ordinance 11 of 1890 are now made permanent, section 28 of that Ordinance is now omitted.

Section 28 (3) of the new Ordinance is intended to prevent any tampering with the inmates of the Refuge for Women and Girls.

The Regulation of Chinese Ordinance, 13 of 1888, section 30, required all Chinese out at night to be provided with Passes between 9 p.m. and sunrise unless other hours were fixed by Order in Council.

I pointed out in my Annual Report last year, "quarterly passes are now issued to the extent of "fourteen or fifteen thousand, and as there is no means of detecting the transfer of these passes to persons who are not really the holders of them, there appears to be a danger of the pass becoming a protection for, rather than a safeguard against, persons on evil bent.'

(4

{"

After a full consideration of all the circumstances, it was decided so to modify section 30 of Or- dinance 13 of 1888 as to authorize the Governor to dispense with Night Passes where such a course could be adopted without prejudice to the safety and well-being of the community,-while at the same time reserving to the Governor in Council the power of enforcing the carrying of Night Passes in case of emergency.

This Ordinance was in force during almost the whole of the past year, and the Chinese have been allowed to go abroad at night without passes. The Captain Superintendent of Police reports that the new Ordinance has worked satisfactorily and has not led to that increase of crime which was anticipated in certain quarters.

331

Ordinance 4 of 1897 provides for the registration of children duly certified to be insusceptible of successful vaccination.

TUNG WA HOSPITAL.

The changes introduced into the Tung Wa Hospital, to which reference was made in the last annual report of this Department, have resulted in greatly improving that Institution. This improvement has been frequently commented on by the Visiting Justices of the Peace. There is, however, still room for further improvement which there is every reason to believe will be effected by the Directors of the Hospital without unnecessary delay.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

His Excellency

THE OFFICER ADMINISTERING THE GOVERNMNNT.

Table I.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary and Registrar General.

(A).—Comparative Statement of the Revenue during the Years 1896 und 1897, respectively.

NO. OF LICENCES AND CERTIFICATES

ORDINANCES UNDER WHICH

DESCRIPTION.

ISSUED.

RECEIVED.

REVENUE IN 1896.

REVENUE IN 1897.

1896.

1897.

INCREASE. Decrease.

C.

Ordinance 21 of 1887,

Regulations under Ordi- nance No. 26 of 1891,...

Hawkers,

5,251

13,573

5,537.00

Chinese Undertakers, ... Rowing Boats, Water Boats, Cinder, &c. Boats, and Fish drying Hulks. Cargo Boats, Lighters,

18

20

180.00

$

C.

6,786.50 200.00

$3

C.

$

1,249.50 20.00

...

...

C.

2.295

2,128

6,661.65

6,555.35

106.30

Ordinance No. 13 of 1888,

Ordinance No. 9 of 1867, Ordinance No. 21 of 1887, Ordinance No. 7 of 1872,.. Ordinance No. 14 of 1875, Ordinance No. 13 of 1891, Ordinance No. 3 of 1893, Ordinance No. 14 of 1896, Ordinance No. 17 of 1887,... Ordinance No. 8 of 1895,..

Miscellaneous,

and other boats, Householders, Re-registration, Removals, Extracts, Bonds, Money Changers,

Births and Deaths,

Marriages,..

Markets,

Arms Licences, Cattle Shed,

Laundries,

Wooden huts,

Houses in New Street,...

Sale of Chinese Gazette,

Forfeiture of Bond,

Refund of Salary,... Census Account,. Sale of Clothes,

Unpaid Amount granted

to certain Squatters,... Signature of Registrar

General,....

1,817

1,753

11,981.80

11,864.00

117.80

115

86

345.00

258.00

87.00

947

970

949.00

970.00

21.00

133

56

33.25

14.00

19.25

157

127

39.25

31.75

7.50

...

107

110

535.00

550.00

15.00

:

141.70

247.58

105.88

320.00

:

482.00

162.00

:

69,458.51 | 70,567.15

1,108.64

37

43

370.00

430.00

60.00

...

540.00

683.84

143.84

...

...

...

:

30.00 450.00 3.39

25.00 200.00

5.00 250.00

82.84

79.45

4.15 .50

4.15 .50

3.06

3.06

TOTAL,.......

42.00 13,807.00 | 13,765.00

97,620.61 113,759.66 | 16,734.96

595.91

DEDUCT DECREASE,

595.91

TOTAL INCREASE IN THE YEAR 1897,...

.$ 16,139.05

332

Cargo boats,... Lighters,

Other boats,

Rowing boats,

Water boats,

Fish drying hulks,

(B)-Fees from Boats.

.$ 9,566.00

767.50

1,530.50

5,465.35

496.50

325.00

268.50

TOTAL......

..$ 18,419.35

Cinder boats, bumboats, and hawker boats,

Central,

(C)-Revenue from the Markets and the number of Shops and Stalls Occupied and Unoccupied

Markets.

at the end of 1897.

Revenue.

.$ 37,415.59

Shops and Stalls. Occupied. Unoccupied.

265

23

Western,

19,739.97

151

2

Saiyingpun,

6,383.44

67

1

Wanchai,

2,006.60

49

2

Sukunpo,

568.80

33

8

Shaukiwan,

657.05

30

Shektongtsui,..

165.70

11

19

Yaumati,

2,307.06

76

Hunghom,

1,212.84

ཱ་ཚ

56

Total,......

.$ 70,457.05

738

55

Table II.-(A).

Return showing how women and girls who came under the protection of the Registrar General were provided for during the year 1897.

Permitted to leave,

Restored direct to parents or relatives,...

Restored to husbands,........

Restored to guardians,

Restored to native place or otherwise disposed of through charitable institutions

in China,

Sent to Victoria Home and Orphanage,

Sent to Japan through the Japanese Consul, ...

Sent to Italian Convent,.

No order made,

Adopted,

Married,

Died,

16

57

15

17

94

8

6

5

3

12

21

1

Total,.........

255

Table II.-(B).

Return giving particulars regarding girls who are required to report themselves to the Registrar General during 1897.

Required to report themselves quarterly,

Required to report themselves less than four times a year,..

Required to report themselves when required,

Required to report themselves when married,

Married during the year,..

Absconded,

16

4

10

7

5

Total,.......

43

Men, Boys,

Men,

Boys,

Table II.-(C.)

Returns showing the Number of Persons reported to the Pó Leung Kuk as missing and of those who have been reported as recovered, for the year 1897.

DISAPPEARED IN HONGKONG

333

106 44

Women, Girls,

62

42

104

150

RECOVERED.

88185

36

Women,

9

Girls,

19

28

པ་

DISAPPEARED IN CHINA.

:

116

Men, Boys,

27

Women, Girls,

888888

68

38

101

143

4

RECOVERED.

Men,

25

Boys,

5

Women, Girl,

30

DISAPPEARED IN MACAO.

བ ་ཡ།

Women, Girls,

24

L

Men, Boys,

4

RECOVERED.

1

Man,

Table III.

Return showing the number of Female Passengers and Boys examined and passed at the Emigration Office under "The Chinese Emigration Consolidation Ordinance, 1889," during the year 1897. An Officer from the Registrar General's Office was present at each examination.

Countries.

Women.

Boys.

Girls.

Total.

Honolulu,

226

97

74

397

Mauritius,

16

30

1

47

San Francisco, U. S. A.,

36

72

1

123

Straits Settlements,

6,022

1,12

70

7,926

Vancouver, B. C.............

7

Victoria,....

1

1

Total,..

6,300

1,331

870

8,501

6

DISTRICTS.

Table IV. (A.)

RETURNS OF BIRTHS AND DEATHS FOR THE YEAR 1897.

BRITISH AND FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

CHINESE.

GRAND TOTAL.

BIRTHS.

DEATHS.

BIRTHS.

DEATHS.

BIRTHS.

DEATHS.

Boys.

Girls.

Total.

Males. Females.

Sex,

Unknown.

Total.

Boys. Girls.

Total.

Males. Females.

Sex

Unknown.

Total.

Victoria,

112

102

214

145

46

191

524

334

858

2,048 1,504

6

3,558

1,072

3,749

Kaulung,

18

11

29

11

2

13

59

38

97

290

190

6

486

126

499

Shaukiwán,..

46

41

87

:

135

117

252

87

252

Aberdeen,

40

29

69

79

52

131

69

131

:.

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

6

14

41

16

:

:

57

14

57

:

Stanley,

TOTAL,..

130

113

243

156

48

DEATHS.

BRITISH & FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

DEATHS IN PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS.

204

677

148

1,125

2,593 1,879

12

4,484

1,368

4,688

ESTIMATED POPULATION.

334

Annual Birth-Rate Annual Death- Rate per 1,000.

per 1,000.

Sex.

Europeans, exclusive of Portuguese,... 99

Of the Deaths in Victoria, there were in the-

Males. Females.

Unknown,

Total.

British and Foreign Community,...... 13,700

17.74

14.89

Portuguese,

48

Tung Wa Hospital,..........

1,112

263

1,375

Italian Convent,

104

270

1

375

Chinese,

...235,010

4.79

19.08

Indians, &c.,

57

Asile de la Ste. Enfance,....

218

439

657

Whole Population,

.248,710

5.50

18.85

TOTAL,..

.204

TOTAL,..

1,434

972

1

2,407

Appendix C.

RETURN OF DEATHS.

335

336

Table IV. (C.)—RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

CLASSIFICATION OF

CAUSES OF DEATH.

(IN GROUPS.)

I.-General Diseases.

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

Civil.

Army.

VICTORIA.

HEALTH DISTRICT.

Navy.

No. 1.

No. 2.

No. 3.

No. 4.

No. 5.

No. 6.

No. 7.

No. 8.

No. 9.

No. 10.

Unknown.

Peak.

Harbour.

1 2

ลง

2

A-Specific Febrile Diseases.

(1)-Zymotic.

Small-pox,

9

Measles,

1

Typhoid Fever (Enteric),

9

Simple Continued Fever,

Sporadic Cholera,

1

Dysentery,

7

Bubonic Fever (Plague),

27

3

(2)—Malarial.

Fever, Intermittent,.

Remittent,

(Undefined),

Beri-Beri,

2

3

4

14

10

(3) Septic.

Pyæmia,

Septicæmia,

Puerperal Fever,

64

17 22 8 6 8

20

2067

123223

14

21

52

14

5

1

1

10 H

20

3

13

2

4

2

8 21 18

22 16

37

76

16 4

:

19

23 10 13

11 30

8 24

21

13 3

~~:~

2 17 2 14

9

13

14

5

19

88

7 44

:

39:7

12 12

15

20-28

22

18

37

1

255

10 CO

6

1 1

w:

3 1

15

59:6

56

46 20 40 53 76 14 3 1 80

8

2:-

::

10

1

1

1

11

2

1

1

:

السر

1

1

1

:

་་

1

(4)—Venereal.

Syphilis,

:

:

1

5

1

1

2

Total Group A,...... 41

8

2 41 136 15 68 66 44 57

94 154 30

8 1 102

B.-Diseases dependent on Specific

External Agents.

(1)-Parasites.

Worms,

(2)--Poisons.

Vegetable (Opium),...

Gaseous, (suffocation in a fire),

(suffocation in hold of ship),

:

:

:

1

1 1

1

:

1

1

{

:::

:

:::

:

15

10:

16

:

:

1

(3)-Effects of Injuries.

Burus, Sun-stroke,

Heat-apoplexy,

Drowning,

22 00

3 2

Injuries,

1

1

1

23

2

1

""

during birth,

:

Surgical Injuries,..

Syncope from Shock,

1

Fracture of Skull,

4

1

I 1

2

1

2

2

3

""

of Spine,

of Tibia,

of Ribs,

>>

39

of Femur and Clavicle,

1

Strangulation by hanging,

2

2

Cut-throat,

---

1

Asphyxia,

1

3

1

Rupture of Spleen,

1

10

5

6 2

I-

1

2

10 13 6

7

:

1 29

8 2 41 136 15 68 66 44 57 94 154 30

12 4

2

Carried forward, (Group A),... 41

00

8

1 102

9 14

101

99

-་

:

-

10

77

2 1

36

1

24 11 13

:

1

اسم تن

-

:

101

S

:

3

21

4

1

W N

6

69 26

ZA PUTRA DE BA

19 15

28 30 3 3

Janet Journal

♡ ♡

12242

72

:

:

:

:

77 36.24

11 13

:

:

:

>

:

:

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

I

:

:

:

:

:

:

-

-NN N

N

A

1♡

:

:

20: 18

N

33

9

1

:

H

4 4

4

:

++

4

8

:

:

:

1

:

:

قمر

H

NNN

:

6...

10 10 ...

5 24 11

48...

17 1

10

5 61 3 144 1 156 10 177 22 398 5 124 3 78 1

~

H

:

:

:

3

من

N

--

Kow- SHAUKI- ABER-

STANLEY

LOON DIS-

WAN DIS-

DEEN

DIS-

DIS-

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Non-Chinese.

:

J

5

:

4

++

3 321

Co

21

:

:

:

8

N

:.

-

2 18 3

22

11

16

471

:

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1897.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

3

11

14

Under 1

under 12

Chinese.

month.

Non-Chinese.

1 month and

Chinese.

months.

Non-Chinese. 1 year and

Chinese.

under 5

years.

years.

Non-Chinese.

5 years and under 15

Chinese.

Non-Chinese.

15 years and under 25

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

25 years and under 45

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

45 years and

Chinese,

under 60

years.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

and over. 60 years

Non-Chinese.

Age

Chinese.

Unknown

1

13 1 72

H

1

J

51 1 25 6 32

N

11

15...

15

10

5

10

1

83 34 2 22 2 6...

7

- CO

95 1

73 5 4615 | 89 3

42 3 17

34

33 1

29 53

4 65...

34

3117 2

31

...

3 40

81 5 122 7290 2

1 107...

H

79

81...

5 61 3 144 1 156 10 177 22 398 5 124 3 78 1

2

139

1,190

:

---

9

5

9 ...

8

N

T

:

لسر

51

17

1

:

00 IP 00

11...

2...

:

5

15

Ι

21

G

2

:

:

61 1

35

1♡

1

:

:

:

:

:

GRAND

TOTAL.

337

338

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

CAUSES.

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

Civil.

Army.

Navy.

Brought forward, (Group A.),... 41

2

VICTORIA.

HEALTH DISTRICT.

No. 1.

No. 2.

No. 3.

No. 4.

No. 5.

No. 6.

No. 7.

No. 8.

No. 9.

No. 10.

Unknown.

Peak.

Harbour.

General Diseases,—Continued.

Effects of Injuries,-Continued.

Brought forward,..... 12 4

2

Wounds (Undefined),

1

Bullet Wound of heart (accident),

Starvation,

Exhaustion,

+

(4)-Errors of Diet.

Alcoholism,

Delirium Tremens,

13

+

1

I

1

:

2 1

41 136

15 68

66 44

5 6

: cr

1

1

3

6

7

2

:

Total Group B,.............. 15 5 3

C.-Developmental Diseases.

Immaturity at Birth,

Debility,

....

Old Age,

Marasmus and Atrophy,

1

2

2

3

Cleft Palate,

Hemorrhage from Umbilicus,

Rickets,

Total Group C,..... 8

D.-Miscellaneous Diseases.

Anæmia,

Tuberculosis,

Diabetes,

Scrofula,

Purpura Hæmorrhagica,

Facial Abscess,

Cancer (Undefined),

of Mouth,.....

of Stomach,

of Peritoneum,.

""

of Liver,

""

Sarcoma,

of Brain,

Dermoid Cyst,

:

::

6

9

2

2941

F

57

94 154

1 2

10

13

1

co : : 53

3

2

3

10

16

CO

3

Q

:

6

3

30

8

1 102

Co

3

10

16

16 1

11

3

3

4

1

13

7

2

88 12 53

3

2

1

-

I

2

1 29

...

8

2 1

བའི་ :;

::

8

2

1 30

:

00

223

TO CO 2 10

7

12

3

11

1

2

1

16 127 19 64

18

8 15

16

1

1

2

12

1

1

2

1

2

24

1

33333

:

14

2

~::

I

1

1

3

1

1

1

1

2

1

Leprosy,

Epistaxis,

Lymphadenomata,

Total Group D.....

5

1

Ι

1

1

N

LO

6 3 6 2 4

10

2

со

D

3

2

4

II.-Local Diseases.

A.-The Nervous System.

Meningitis,

""

Apoplexy,

Septic,

t-

8

11

+

4

CO

Paraplegia,

Hemiplegia,

Paralysis (Undefined),

"

of Insane,

Infantile Convulsions,

5

4 130

2

1

40 8

5 14

Nico

4

3

CO

1

3

4

Tetanus,

1

Trismus,

2

205

Epilepsy,

1

35 111 2

1

::

:

1

1

1

:

Carried forward, (General Diseases),... 69

5188

27

Ι

:

6 344

14

5 64 278

48160 19 14 14

42 144 93 57 86 136 218 46

26 26 11 3 1

9

12

2 150

41

16

4

138 102

44 36

12

CO

23

Jand

: 2

+

33

:

:

78

:

:

::

Co

:

:.

89

:

...

:

2

co.

...

10

:

:

2

:

:

5:

10

:

16

2

لم يسير

30

:

-

O

:

6

51...

43 6

2

I

59

...

...

་་་

57

222

2

سمت

:

4

2

10

:

:

30

:

00

N

2

NO

138 102

95 44

36

OC

22

22

23

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1897,-Continued.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

Kow- SHAUKI- ABER-

STANLEY

LOON DIS-

WAN DIS-

DEEN

DIS-

DIS-

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

1

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

| Population.

Boat

Population.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

month. Under

1 month and

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

under 12

months.

1 year and under 5

years.

Non.Chinese.

Chinese.

under 25

years.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

Non-Chinese.

5 years and under 15

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

15 years and

Chinese.

Non-Chinese.

25 years and

under 45

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese. 45 years and

under 60

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

60 years

and over.

Non-Chinese.

A ge

Unknown.

Chinese.

5

0

:

:

:

:

...

1

5 78 6 174 4 259 2 187 15 214 38 487

4 369 6 110 2185 1 29 4 6 6 21 2 23 3

5 370 6111 2 186 1

:

2

...

:

...

19

...

-

Ha

:

...

་་་

...

"

:

7

6

4

تن

3

22 2 24 3 11

48 4 51 1

15

brand

P

1

:

44 525 52 1

16 ...

...

12

21...

231 4...

2

20

3 79 8 274 1159...

611 105

05

1131

16 4 5 1

54

20

24

3

:

:

:

: :

45 4 107 9 359 6 290 2 212 1

22.

7

- I

63 1

65... 25

241

6

80

6

56 3 41

389

5 78 6174 4259 2 18715214 38 487

8 169 8 219 2

2

1,877

السير

:

:::

CON

*

14

13

...

TC to

305

:

N

6

1,144

8.885-

·

137

1

1

2

128

8169 8 219 2

2

1,877

791

782

1211 pt j NN

GRAND

TOTAL.

339

340

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

CAUSES.

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

Civil.

Army.

Navy.

Brought forward, ( General Diseases),... 69 14

Local Diseases,-Continued.

VICTORIA.

HEALTH DISTRICT.

No. 1.

No. 2.

No. 3.

No. 4.

No. 5.

Nc. 6.

No. 7.

No. 8.

No. 9.

No. 10.

Unknown.

Peak.

Harbour.

10

5

64 278 42 144

93 57 86 186 218

46 12 2 150

37 10 5 1 19

10

22 27 37 10 5

22

The Digestive System,- Continued.

Brought forward,

25

1

4 74

10

26

11

9

22 27

Stricture of Pylorus,

1

Hæmorrhage from Piles,

1

Ulcerative Colitis,

E--The Urinary System.

Acute Nephritis,

Bright's Disease,

Albuminuria,

Calculus in Bladder,

Rupture of Bladder,..

of Urethra,.

27

F--The Generative System.

Uterine Fibroid Tumour,

Abscess of Prostate,

Ovariotomy,

Menorrhagia,

4

G.-Affections connected with Pregnancy.

Abortion,

Premature Labour,

4

:

:

H.-Affections connected with

Child-birth,

Parturition.

Rupture of Uterus,

Laceration of Perineum,

I.-The Skin.

Cellulitis of Neck,

Carbuncle,

2

4

J.-Diseases of Organs of Locomotion.

1

74

10

26

11 10

:

10 10

5

1

1

30:

10 1

:

༧:

:

13:

:

4

00

3

6 2

5

4

1

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

* placed

1

1 2

:

::

}

:

1 2

:

:

1 1

:::

:

1

19

:

:

1 2

~::

2 1

2 4

:

1 2 2 1 2

Hip Joint Disease,

2

Caries of Spine,

Necrosis of Spine,

of Bones,

1

2

III.-Undefined.

Dropsy,.

1

Abscess (Undefined),

of Thigh,

"

of Foot,

"

Tumour (Undefined),

Sores,

Exposure,

Unknown,

9

10

:

GRAND TOTAL,.. 176 20

2

1

1

1

:-

::

1

4

1

:

:

:

1

:

::

1

1

1

2

:

:

-:

8

∞ :-

9

::

:

1

1

12 80

6 6

3

3

00

8

3 10

10 3 2

1

14 82 10 14

8 135 934 135 478 217 147 200 319 488 104 40

1

12

:

13

4 304

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1897,—Continued.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

Kow-

SHACKI- ABER-

STANLEY

LOON DIS-

WAN

DEEN

DIS-

DIS-

DIS-

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

Under 1

month.

1 month and {

under 12

months.

101

60

t

ང་

77

24 36

11

13

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Non-Chinese.

9

14

2

10

5

N

11

15

5

2

1

:

13

15

5

2

1

2012:

1

11

14

co to

21

26

10

::

2 3

3

3

లు

:..

222

2:223

18

4

138 102

37

1

10

5

10 10

10

:

N

00

:

:

10

Chinese.

Non-Chinese.

:

CO

3

3

13

00

8

5

3

95

44

22

23

3

4

10

5

44

Chinese.

Non-Chinese.

1 year and

under 5

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

5 years and under 15

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

15 years and under 25

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

25 years and under 45

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

45 years and under 60

years.

Nou-Chinese.

60 years

Chinese.

and over.

Non-Chinese.

Age

Chinese.

Unknown.

61 3 144 1156 10 177 22 398 5124 3 78 1

6

10

10 5 2411

48

1

31

1

14...

91

16

10 1 24

76

CO ON

21...

...

72 1 102

92

:

1 4.

:

...

Q

K

10 5 25 13 | 51] ... 17 1

...

H

1

1 2

15 5 25 14 61 2 23 1

:

N

ون

...

...

--

parted co

21

ON

...

...

11 1 24 2109

...

2

341

GRAND

TOTAL.

2

...

...

...

...

12 3 133

1

7

9 ...

10 2 21 1

5 2 25 1

..

...

***

14 4 97

2 354

...

...

...

1091

11

-

-----

...

10 1

::

...

Jd 00

11 2 16 3

السمرا

15

...

...

لسا

21...

...

...

3...

...

...

...

:

2

LO

1,190

...

...

435

32462

11

70

46

5

5

5

1

292

5

365

4369 6 110 2185 1

29

4

6 6 21 2 23 3 11

782

10

78 6 174 4 259||2|187 15 214 38 487 8169 8 219 2

1,877

342

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

CAUSES.

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

Civil.

Army.

Brought forward, ( General Diseases),... 69

Local Diseases,-Continued.

The Nervous System,--Continued.

14

Mania,

Dementia,

Idiocy,

Chorea,

Spina Bifida,

Hydrocephalus,

Brought forward,.....

27 1

Myelitis,

B.-The Circulatory System.

Heart Disease,

Fatty Degeneration of Heart,

Cardiac Malformation,.

Aneurysm (Aortic),.

(Undefined),

Pericarditis,

Embolism,...

Syncope,

Ulceration of Femoral Artery (Hemorrhage),.

C.-The Respiratory System.

Trachaeitis,

Bronchitis,

Pneumonia,

Phthisis,

Pleurisy,

Asthma,

Gangrene of Lungs,.

Hæmoptysis,..

Catarrh,

Empyema,.

Pulmonary Atelectasis,

D.-The Digestive System.

28 1

1

1

:

VICTORIA.

HEALTH DISTRICT.

Unknown.

Peak.

Harbour.

10

5

Navy.

2 No. 1.

64 278

42 144

93 57 86 136 218 16 12

No. 2.

No. 3.

No. 4.

No. 5.

No. 6.

No. 7.

No. 8.

No. 9.

No.

10.

...

CO

6

6 344

1

2 150

48 160

19

14

14

26

I

1

2:5

26 11 3

9

1

:

...

6 348 48 160

11

1

10%

5

00

8

1

19

14 15 28 26

11 3 1 10

♡:

9

10

5 10 15

19

3

**:

11

1

1

1

1

9

1

1

G

12

5 10

9

5 11

15

20

3

3

12

6

1

21

49

1

5

17

ΤΟ

:213

:

1

1

1

1

1

25

:

17

22 15

4

2 £ 3

96

43 33

38

:: 5:

16

23

43

13

9

61

65 10

NON 20:

2

ONNI

2

129

25

59

1

2 1 39 126 17 119 67 52

2

2

1

2

57

95 116

27 14

87

Gangrene of Mouth,

of Face,

Necrosis of Jaw,

Dentition,

Quinsy,

2 1

1

1

3

3

1

2

1

Gastritis,

Diarrhoea,

Melæna,

2

1

1

8

4 66

20

8

7

17

19 30

9

5

1

17

1

Sprue,

Enteritis,

3

1

Appendicitis,

1

Colic,.

Hernia,

1

2

(Strangulated),

1

Peritonitis,

1

1

3

1

2

2

...

Hepatitis,

Icterus,

1

Cirrhosis of Liver,

1

1

Abscess of Liver,

5

1

Lardaceous Liver,

Cholecystitis,

+

Ascites,

Gall Stones,

2

1

1

...

25

2

Carried forward, (General Diseases),... 69

14

10

4 74

10 26 11

64 278

42 144

/

9 22 27 37

10

5

1

19

3333

93

57

86 136 218

46

12

2 150

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Non-Chinesc.

Chinese.

LOON Kow-

SHAUKI-

ÅBER-

DIS-

DIS- WAN

DEEN

DIS- STANLEY

DIS-

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

Under 1

month.

Non-Chinese. 1 month and

138 102

95

44

36

41

14 24 16

4

:

22

23

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31st DAY OF DECEMBER, 1897,—Continued.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PEriods.

under 12

Chinese.

months,

Non-Chinese.

1 year and

under 5

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

5 years and under 15

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

15 years and under 25

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

25 years and

under 45

Chinese.

years.

7 63 1

65

25 1

7 7 63 1 65

12

1

Sund

2

~

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

·

:

:

3

:

:

:

: :

:

:

:

:

41

14

24

16

4

:

:

:

F:..

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:.

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

4:

::

:..

قت

3

3

19

24

Hind

2

22

28

00

2

1

322 216 193

97

78

61

55

...

:

1

N

:

لصبر

-

:

:

:

:

:

: ::

:

:

:

10

15%...

:

131

:

*

::

2 w

:

Jed

:

26

17 1

under 60

Non-Chinese. 45 years and

5 78 6 174 4259 2 187 15 214 38 487 8169 8 219 2

2

:

24 6 80 9 56 3

1

96

41

25 1

25 6 80 11 56 3 41

مر

-

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

60 years

and over.

Non-Chinese.

Age

Unknown.

GRAND

TOTAL.

со

:

::

:

:

:

:

||·|-·---- |-·|-·· |- |-- |-|--· |-|-- |-|----- |·|----·· |||||

~

Chinese.

:

3

N

1 20 1

53 174 1

18 1

23 1

61 1 77 1

219

6 3 23 5 3 15

ハン

13 2

7

6

:

713483 20 455 14 648 6 321 26 382 671,062 34 614 21 511 3

:

::

343

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER OF DEATHS THAT OCCURRED IN THE undermENTIONED INSTITUTIONS, During the Year ended the 31st day of December, 1897.

344

TUNG WA HOSPITAL.

ITALIAN Convent.

ASILE DE LA STE. ENFANCE.

Causes.

No.

Causes.

No.

Causes.

No.

Causes.

No.

Brought forward,...

614

Simple Continued Fever,

10

Dysentery,

2

Small-pox,

26

Apoplexy,

28

Remittent Fever,

2

Intermittent Fever,

11

Dysentery,

74

Hemiplegia,

5

Intermittent Fever,....

8

Remittent Fever,

13

Simple Continued Fever,

1

Paraplegia,

Bubonic Fever (Plague),

6

Paralysis (Undefined),

42

Old Age,

6

Malarial Fever,

30

Marasmus and Atrophy,

67

Pyæmia,

8

Intermittent Fever,

95

Convulsions,

26

Convulsions,

44

Syphilis,

3

Remittent Fever,

163

Trismus,

8

Trismus,

143

Burns,

1

Fever (Undefined),

2

Tetanus,

2

Serofula,

2

Cleft Palate,.

2

Beri-Beri,

123

Epilepsy,

4

Asthma,

1

Debility,

2

Septicemia,

Myelitis,

Phthisis,

65

Old Age,

2

Puerperal Fever, ......

New Growth of Brain,

Diarrhoea,

11

Atrophy,

89

Syphilis,

Heart Disease,

89

Sore Throat,

1

Immaturity at Birth,

10

Worms,

Aneurysm,

1

Sores,

Hæmorrhage-from Umbilicus,

1

Opium Poisoning,

Epistaxis,

Dropsy,

Tuberculosis,

1

Asphyxia,..

3

Ulceration of Femoral Artery,

Unknown,

Dermoid Cyst,

1

Suffocation in hold of Ship,

1

Bronchitis,

59

Meningitis,

8

Burns,

1

Gangrene of Lungs,

1

Convulsions,

118

Sunstroke,

Phthisis,

303

Trismus,

205

Drowning,

Pleurisy,

1

Idiocy,

1

Fracture of Skull,

Asthma,

3

Chorca,

1

of Ribs,.

1

Pneumonia,

34

Spina Bifida,

1

" of Tibia,

1

Homoptysis,

2

Hydrocephalus,

Starvation,..

3

Empyema,

1

Heart Disease,.

1

Cut-throat,

1

Dentition,

2

Bronchitis,

10

Immaturity at Birth,

1

Gastritis,.

3

Pn

Pneumonia,

1

Debility,

25

Diarrhoea

129

Old Age,

Cirrhosis of Liver,

1

Phthisis,

Catarrh,

4.

1

Atrophy,

I

Hepatic Abscess,

Anæmia,

12

Malignant Tumour of Liver,..

Tuberculosis,

4

Peritonitis,

Adenomata of Neck,

4

Gangrenous Stomatitis, .

Diarrhoea,.

Enteritis,

Ascites,

Icterus,....

48

2

1

Purpura Ilæmorrhagica,

2

Tonsilitis, .....

Cancer (Undefined),

1

Icterus,

Gangrenous Stomatitis, Ulcerative Stomatitis,

1

I

of Stomach,.

2

Gangrene of Mouth,

1

Melaena,

1

""

of Rectum,

1

Hæmorrhage from Piles,

1

Nephritis,..

4

of Liver,

Bright's Disease,

23

""

Sarcoma (Undefined),

2

Albuminuria,

""

of Sup. Maxilla, of Brain,.

1

Caries of Spine,

Necrosis of Spine,

3121

Bright's Disease,...

Hip Joint Discasc, Abscess,

I

2

Unknown,

64

Scrofula,

Meningitis,

1

Abscess of Thigh,

27

Dropsy,

""

Septic,

1

Unknown,

614

1

4

Total,...

1,375

Total,

375

Total,..

657

Carried forward,.

FRANCIS W. CLARK, Superintendent of Statistics.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Registrar General.

Table IV. (B.)

Return showing Death-Rates in Different Groups of Ages for the Year 1897.

Ages.

345

British and Foreign.

Chinese.

Deaths.

Per cent. of whole.

Deaths.

Per cent. of whole.

Under 1 month,

13

6.37

483

10.77

1 month and under 12 months,

20

9.80

455

10.14

1

year

and under 5 years,

14

6.86

648

14.45

5 years and under 15 years,

6

2.94

321

7.16

15 years and under 25 years,

26

12.75

382

8.52

25 years and under 45 years,

67

32.84

1,062

23.68

45 years and under 60 years,

34

16.67

614

13.71

60 years and over,

21

10.30

511

11.39

Age Unknown, .................

1.47

8

0.18

Government Civil Hospital,

Alice Memorial Hospital,

Royal Naval Hospital,

Military Hospital,

Peak Hospital,

Nethersole Hospital,.

Kennedy Town Hospital,

Tung Wa Hospital,

Hospital Ship "Hygeia,"

Government Lunatic Asylum,

204

100.00

4,484

100.00

Table IV. (D.)

Hospital Deaths.

British and Foreign.

Chinese.

Total.

47

72

119

1

13

14

5

5

10

10

8

8

1

16

17

54

63

1,375

1,375

12

85

1,538

1,623

346

Table IV. (E.)

Return of the Number of Patients under Treatment in the Tung Wa Hospital during the year ended

31st December, 1897.

Remaining in Hospital on Dec. 31st, 1896.

Admitted during 1897.

Total under Treatment.

Discharged.

Deaths.

Remaining in Hospital Dec. 31st, 1897.

Patients.

Private

Private

Private

Private

Private

Private

Destitute. Paying Destitute. Paying Destitute. Paying Destitute. Paying Destitute. Paying

Patients.

Patients.

Patients.

Patients.

Patients.

Destitute. Paying

Patients.

Male,......

114

2,438

2,552

1,631

810

111

Female,......

18

326

344

170

164

10

132

2,764

2,896

1,801

974

121

Total,..............

132

2,764

2,896

1,801

974

121

Out-Patients, during the year, Male,

Female,

...76,464

..40,162

Table V.

Return of Householders' Certificates under Ordinance 13 of 1888, during the year 1897.

First Registration of Householders,

Re-registration of Householders,

Extract from Householders' Register,.

Removals of Householders,.....

Duplicates of Householders' Certificates,

1

N

3

H

DISTRICTS Nos.

5

6

7

1

N

13

22

21

6

3

:

16 300

142

121 193

86 102

I

:

:

25

30

00

8

31

40

CO

16

10

:

3

3

2

N

:

1

2

10

:

:

1

Total.

10

35

86

со

8

:

:

:

968

110

56

17

:

1

347

Table VI. (A.)

Statement of the Receipts and Expenditure relative to the Hongkong District Watchmen's Fund for the

year 1897.

RECEIPTS.

EXPENDITURE.

To Balance of previous year,

$11,347.79

Disbursements in

""

Contributions by different Shops,

7,853.75

Districts Nos. 1 and 2.

,, Payment for Special Services,

13.80

Wages of Head District Watchman,

*

225.81

Forfeiture of Bonds,

>>

>>

Fine,

""

Interest,

550.00

Wages of Watchmen,

330.32

Wages of Cook,.......

48.00

1.00

Oil,

21.00

Rent of Station,

54.24

459.54

-$ 679.37

District No. 3.

Wages of Head District Watchman,

238.67

Wages of Watchmen,

1,073.21

Wages of Cook,.

48.00

Oil,

47.28

Rent of Station,"

276.00

-$1,683.16

Total,........

.$20,225.88

District No. 4.

Wages of Head District Watchman,

219.61

Wages of Watchmen,

1,017.77

Wages of Cook,.

48.00

Oil,

42.00

Rent of Station,

236.00

-$1,563.38

District No. 5.

Wages of Head District Watchman,

255.49

Wages of Watchmen,

984.18

Wages of Cook,

48.00

Oil,

42.00

Rent of Station,

373.00

-$1,702.67

District No. 6.

Wages of Head District Watchman,

Wages of Watchmen,

Wages of Cook,

Oil,

Rent of Station,

247.13

980.51

48.00

A

44.40

276.00

-$1,596.0±

Districts Nos. 7 and 8.

Wages of Head District Watchman,

248.72

Wages of Watchmen,

552.68

Wages of Cook,

48.00

Oil,

26.28

Rent of Station,

108.00

983.68

Miscellaneous Expenses.

Collector's Wages,

180.00

Manager's Wages,

96.00

Detective's Wages,

165.33

Stationery and Printing,

90.89

Coolie and Jinricksha Hire,...............

10.83

Gratuities to Watchmen leaving the ser-

vice, &c.,

138.25

Loss on Exchange,...

61.18

Uniform, Equipment, &c.,

432.24

Extra Watchmen on Jubilee Duty,

75.70

Miscellaneous Expenses for Watch-houses,

30.48

Gilding 6 Brooches..

18.00

Sundries,

21.58

$1,320.48

Total Expenditure,

..$9,528.78

Balance,

10,697.10

Total,...........

.$20,225.88

Disposal of Balance,-

On Fixed Deposit,

.$8,000.00

At Current Account,

2,697.10

$10,697.10

348

Table VI. (B.)

State of District Watchmen Force on 31st December, 1897.

The Force consists at present of 66 men.

6 Head Watchmen,

5 Assistant Head Watchmen,

4 Watchmen,.......

7 Watchmen,.....

44 Watchmen,.......

1 Watchman receives

1 Watchman receives ...

4 Watchmen receive......

@ $240 a year.

@ $120

@ $ 96

@

90

"3

""

.$4.00 a month extra pay.

$2.00

$1.00

"

23

12 Watchmen resigned.

1 died.

6 were dismissed.

5 absconded.

25 entered the Force.

Table VII.

Dr.

Statement of the Receipts and Expenditure relative to the Chinese Recreation Ground for the year 1897.

Cr.

RECEIPTS.

To Balance of previous year,

91

Rent,...

C.

EXPENDITURE.

$

C.

869.13

By Wages to Collector,

24.00

1,510.86

3 Watchmen,.

254.00

""

29

Scavenger,....

72.00

Uniform for 3 Watchmen,..

20.70

Oil,

9.84

Brooms, &c.,.

1.56

Rent of Watchmen's Quarters,

119.00

Water used at the cooking stalls,

61.85

Repairing 6 benches,

5.60

Balance in hands of Colonial Treasurer,

1,811.44

2,379.99

2,379.99

1

5

:

Dr.

Table VIII.

Statement of Account of the Market Charitable Fund 1897.

349

Cr.

$ C.

$

C.

1,000.00 | By grant to Chan-chap, a destitute,

.50

a destitute Woman Chan Cheung

Mŭi,

1.00

""

Cha-shap..........

.50

Chan-shap, a destitute,

.50

cheque to Wong Wing Chiu,

100.00

grant to Sui I Mui to enable him to return

home,

1.20

To Amount ou fixed deposit,

""

on current deposit,.

496.56

>>

دو

"

in the hands of the Shroff,

15.74

J

100.00

17

*

""

""

Cash,

172.50

""

Interest,

46.73

Dr.

,, grant to Mak Kin to enable him to get

Licence to sell goods at Chinese Recrea- tion Ground,

1.00

further

1.00

""

"J

**

33

Tam Yaŭ to enable him to obtain a photo

and a hawker's licence,

.72

""

Ip Tsing, a destitute,

1.00

,, grant to Li Fat to pay his passage and

expenses home,

5.00

,, grant to Yün Yaŭ to enable him to pay the

fee for a hawker's licence,..........

.52

29

cost of a photo for Chan Cheung,

.20

donation to the Victoria Home and Orphan-

age,

20.00

"

Gibb, Livingston & Co. for cost of passages

to Australia of Mrs. Fat Hock and children,. ,, grant to Chan-shap,

172.50

4.50

""

Charitable allowance to Kwong Ho,.

24.00

""

""

Pang Wa,

36.00

وو

""

Collector,

fixed deposit,

Chan Cheung,

5.00

13.10

1,200.00

""

current account,.

1,831.53

Table IX.

Statement of the Passage Money Fund 1897.

243.29

1,831.53

Cr.

$

..

C.

To Amount in the Savings Bank,

1,294.92 | By grant to So Kai In on leaving Pó Léung

Kuk,

2.00

in the hands of the Shroff,

"J

""

39.23 grant to Kong Sai Kui on leaving Pó Léung

Kuk,

5.00

"

Passage money of Leung Kwai,..........

9.00

,, grant to Leung Yung on leaving Pó Léung

Kuk,

2.00

Chan Sam,

7.00

""

>>

grant to Tse Tsun Fa on leaving Pó Léung

Kuk,

5.00

Chan Kam,

5.00

">

91

,, grant to Lai Ngan Fung on leaving Pó Léung

Kuk,

2.00

Chan Cheung,

1

""

19

""

"

Li Sz,

Leung Tai Yau,

Wong Wui,

}}

13.00

grant to Cheung I on leaving Pó Léung

Kuk,

2.00

5.00

,, grant to Tse Sam Mui on leaving Pó Léung,

Kuk.

2.00

5.00

,, grant to Kwong Sai Ngo on leaving Pó

Léung Kuk,

5.00

""

Interest,

45.48

, grant to Chan Kai and son for passage money,.

1.00

,, grant to Shek Lung,....

1.60

**

rieksha hire for Ü Ïm,

.15

""

Commission on Money Order to Penang,

.40

""

"

grant for Passage of 3 children to Australia,. Collector,

172.50

55.08

وو

Hongkong Savings Bank,

1,167.90

1,423.63

1,423.63

267

No. 25

98

HONGKONG.

REPORTS OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH, THE SANITARY SURVEYOR, AND THE COLONIAL VETERINARY SURGEON FOR THE YEAR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

SANITARY BOARD.

Members:

Hon. J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Registrar General.

Hon. R. D. ORMSBY, Director of Public Works.

Hon. F. H. MAY, C.M.G., Captain Superintendent of Police (Vice-President).

J. M. ATKINSON, M.B., (Lond.), D.P.H., Principal Civil Medical Officer (President). FRANCIS W. CLARK, M.B.; D.P.H., (Camb.), Medical Officer of Health.

NATHANIEL J. EDE.

Secretary to the Board. HUGH MCCALLUM.

To the Secretary of the Sanitary Board.

SANITARY BOARD OFFICES,

March 17th, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to submit, for the information of the Board, the following Report upon the health of the Colony of Hongkong during the year 1897.

AREA.

The island of Hongkong, upon which is situated the city of Victoria, and a number of villages, has an area of rather more than 29 square miles, while some 23 square miles of the opposite peninsula of Kowloon are also comprised within British territory.

The domestic buildings of the city of Victoria number 7,209 (exclusive of Barracks and Police Stations), of which 501 are European dwellings, while the total area at present built over is 580 acres; these buildings extend along the sea-front for a distance of four and a half miles, and up the hillside to the city limit of 800 ft. above high water mark, while some 120 houses have been erected in the Peak district at altitudes varying from 900 to 1,400 ft. above sea level. The various villages on the Island contain 30 European and 1,575 Chinese houses, while British Kowloon contains 72 European and 1,785 Chinese houses, in addition to the Barracks for the Hongkong Regiment and 72 small houses used by this Regiment as married quarters.

CLIMATE.

The average monthly temperature throughout the year has been 71.7° F. as compared with 72° F during the year 1896; the maximum monthly temperature was attained in July, when it reached 82.1° F, as compared with a maximum monthly temperature in the same month of the previous year of 88.1° F; the minimum monthly temperature was recorded in February, as in the previous year, being 54.2° F as compared with 53.1° F. The highest recorded temperature was 91.8° F in the month of September, and the lowest was 41.0° F in the month of February.

The total rainfall for the year was 100.03 inches, as compared with 71.78 inches during 1896, the wettest months being August with 25.55 inches and June with 23.355 inches; while the dryest months were December with 0.48 inch and March with 0.815 inch of rain; no rainfall was recorded upon 193 days of the year, as compared with 208 days during the preceding year. The greatest amount of rain which fell on any one day was 6.03 inches on June 28th; the relative humidity of the atmosphere throughout the year was approximately 80 per cent, the maximum occurring in March with 90 per cent, and the minimum in November with 65 per cent. The average daily amount of sunshine throughout the year was 4.78 hours as compared with 4.8 hours in the previous year; on 71 days only was no sunshine recorded.

These figures have been calculated from the Monthly Reports issued by the Director of the Hong- kong Observatory; the temperatures were taken at 108 feet above mean sea-level and at 4 feet above the grass.

268

GENERAL SANITARY CONDITION.

Some little progress has been made during the past year towards the structural improvement of the sanitary condition of the Chinese dwellings in the Colony, although, as will be seen from Appendix A, a copy of which was submitted by me to the Insanitary Properties Commission, much yet remains to be done to render the houses of the Chinese reasonably habitable, and legislation is urgently needed to remedy some of the most glaring sanitary defects which are still permitted in the con- struction of house property in this Colony. The opposition, however, which the Board met with dur- ing the past year in its endeavour to prevent the obstruction of private streets and lanes would seem to indicate that the bitter lessons of 1894 and 1896 have already almost passed into oblivion, and that great difficulty will be experienced by the Government in securing such emendations of the laws of this Colony as are unquestionably necessary if any real attempt is to be made to render the Colony immune from devastating epidemics of such filth diseases as Bubonic Fever or Typhus.

The erection of back to back houses is still, I regret to say, permitted, notwithstanding the fact that this type of building was so strongly condemned by Mr. OSBERT CHADWICK in his report upon the sanitary condition of Hongkong of 1882, and in various subsequent Reports of Committees upon the housing of the working classes. It must be borne in mind that such back to back houses as are erected in this Colony cannot be in any way compared with back to back houses as erected in England, for in these latter the depth of the building rarely much exceeds the frontage, while in Hongkong almost all Chinese dwellings are about 13' wide (exclsive of the thickness of the party- walls) while they may extend in depth for some 30' to 50', and consist of one long narrow room, on each story, lit only by one or two small windows, except upon the ground floors where the whole front is more or less open during the daytime; at the back of this room is a cook-house with smoke-hole in the ceiling while the room itself is subdivided, by partitions of match-boarding 8' high, into a number of cup- boards or cubicles, varying in size from 6' by 7' to 8' by 10', each of which constitutes the home of a family of two, three, four, or more persons. It can readily be imagined that the amount of light which penetrates the interior of these cubicles is indeed infinitesimal, and it is almost impossible for anyone who has not ventured into these dwellings to realize the amount of filth and rubbish that will accumulate in them even in a few weeks.

As stated in my Report for 1896 I am strongly of the opinion that the partition walls of these cubicles should not be permitted to exceed 6' in height, except in the case of very lofty rooms or on the top floors of dwellings, when roof lights are provided, for under ordinary circumstances it seems almost impossible to adequately light these cubicles.

In consequence of the insanitary condition of the large number of matsheds which are used by contractors for the housing of coolies employed in building operations, and upon the advice of the Acting Attorney General that they could not be legally dealt with as "domestic buildings" the late President of the Board and I drafted a number of Regulations providing for the preparation of the sites, the provision of adequate cooking accommodation, drainage and latrine accommodation, the prevention of overcrowding, and the proper scavenging of such of these temporary sheds as are intended to be used for a longer period than three months, and for the accommodation of a greater total number of persons than twenty; and these Regulations were duly approved by the Board and subsequently adopted by the Governor in Council, in accordance with section 58 of Ordinance 15 of 1889, with the result that a marked improvement is apparent in their sanitary condition, which will, I am sure, prove of great benefit to the health of the occupants.

The provisions of section 4 of Ordinance 15 of 1894, which require that the ground surfaces of all domestic buildings and of the cook-houses, latrines and yards attached thereto, should be properly concreted, have, during the year, been extended to the villages of Hunghom, Yaumati and Tai Kok Tsui on the Kowloon Peninsula, by the Governor in Council, as provided for in section 14 of the said Ordinance, and in consequence the condition of the Chinese dwellings in these villages has been vastly improved, and I hope shortly to see the same law applied to the important villages of Shaukiwan and Quarry Bay.

Another matter which has received attention during the past year is the insanitary condition of many of the opium divans in the Colony; these were found to be dark, exceedingly dirty and greatly overcrowded both by day and night, being in fact used at night as unlicensed lodging-houses, although unfortunately the Acting Attorney General advised that they could not be dealt with under the Regulations which govern common lodging-houses in the Colony. A Bill was accordingly drafted, and was subsequently passed by the Legislative Council under the title of "An Ordinance to further amend the Prepared Opium Ordinance, 1891," which transferred the right of granting Opium Divan licences from the Opium Farmer to the Colonial Secretary, and made certain other provisions for the due regulation of these places, while the Sanitary Board at the same time made Bye-laws under the Public Health Ordinance for their sanitary maintenance and for the prevention of overcrowding therein. This Ordinance comes into force upon the expiration of the present farm in March, 1898, and I anticipate a marked improvement in the sanitary condition of these places to result from this legislation upon the subject.

i

.

:

-

269

There is an urgent need throughout the Colony, and especially in the City of Victoria, for additional free public latrines and urinals; no provision is made in the great majority of Chinese dwellings for a closet or privy, and it is the custom for all men of the working class to use public latrines, many of which are owned by private individuals who charge a small fee for admission, and in addition derive revenue from the sale of the excreta to the conservancy contractor, who exports it to Canton for manurial purposes. Many of these privately-owned latrines are placed in most unsuitable positions, such as in narrow lanes and immediately contiguous to domestic buildings, and they should be replaced by free Government latrines, erected on suitable sites, and convenient of access to the people for whose use they are provided. There are at present only eleven Government latrines (including one matshed latrine for Hak-ka women), and three public urinals, in the City of Victoria, while the male Chinese population of the city numbers more than 115,000. In 1896 the Sanitary Board recommended the erection of a Government latrine near the old Slaughter-house site at West Point, while during 1897 they recommended the erection of latrines at Leighton's Hill (contiguous to the Race-course and the new Recreation Ground) and at the top of Ship Street, Wanchai, in addition to those it is proposed to erect in the Taipingshan resumed area; and it is to be hoped that the Government will be able to erect some at least of these during the forthcoming year.

POPULATION.

The population of the Colony at the Census taken in 1881 was 160,402 while at the 1891 Census it was found to be 221,441. Owing, however, to the great disturbances among the Chinese population occasioned by the outbreaks of Bubonic Fever in 1894 and 1896, and the resumption by the Govern- ment, and the demolition of the domestic buildings upon a comparatively large area of the City of Victoria, known as Taipingshan, it was deemed advisable for statistical purposes to take a census of the population in 1897, and this was accordingly done on January 20th. The actual figures obtained by this Census were as follows:-

Chinese Civil Population,......

Non-Chinese Civil Population,

S Land,

Harbour,. S Land,

200,005

33,275

8,034

Harbour,....

448

Total Civil Population,

241,762

Army, Navy,

2,850

2,268

Total Population,

..

246,880

t

The following is the estimated population of the Colony to the middle of 1897 :—

Non-Chinese Civil Population,.......

Population.....

Kowloon, Harbour,

J Hongkong,

7,388

716

451

Total Non-Chinese Civil Population,

8,555

Chinese

City of Victoria, including Peak and Stonecutter's Island,...

160,460 ·

Civil Population, Villages in Hongkong and Kowloon,

41,190

Floating Population,...

33,360

Total Chinese Population......

235,010

Total Civ Population of Colony,...........

243,565

:

Army, Navy,

2,880

2,265

248,710

Total Population of the Colony,

The total strength of troops in Garrison on June 30th, 1897, was 65 British officers and 1,396 British Warrant Officers, N. C. O.'s and men, with 10 Indian Officers and 1,106 Indian Warrant Officers, N. C. O.'s and men, making a total strength of 2,577 as compared with 2,739 in the previous year. There were in addition 63 British women and 109 British children, and also 61 Asiatic women and 73 Asiatic childrens.

The total strength of the British Fleet on the China Station, at the middle of the year was 4,970 British Officers and men and 290 Chinese servants. Only a proportion of this number, however, are stationed here at any one time, and at the Census taken in January, the actual number of Officers and men of Her Majesty's Navy present in the Colony was 2,268; but it must also be remem-

270

bered that there is an important Naval Hospital in Hongkong to which invalids from the entire Fleet are sent during the greater part of the year, and that the deaths occurring in this institution necessa- rily influence the death-rate to a degree proportionate to the strength of the entire Fleet rather than to the mere strength of the local contingent.

The Chinese boat population of the Colony has been estimated to the middle of the year to have been 33,360; this, however, includes some 1,500 Chinese who are employed on board the various ships in the Harbour. These people make their homes upon the junks, cargo-boats, sampans, etc., and it is interesting therefore to note the differences in the incidence of various diseases upon them and

upon the land population. The number of registered boats belonging to the Port is as follows:-

Fishing and Trading Junks,

Cargo-boats, Lighters, Sampans, etc.,

Total,.........

This gives an average of 3.2 persons to each boat.

5,922

4,032

9,954

It will be noted that the population of the Colony is classified primarily into Non-Chinese and Chinese; with these latter I have included the Eurasians, who were returned separately at the recent Census but only to the number of 251. The non-Chinese civil population includes British, who at the recent census numbered 2,374, Portuguese who numbered 2,267, Japanese to the number of 398, Germans 366, Americans 223, Malays 219, Philippine Islanders 216, with a sprinkling of Frenchmen, Spaniards, Jews, and a variety of other nationals both European, Asiatic and African. The total Euro- pean and American population (exclusive of the Portuguese) to the middle of 1897 was 3656.

The Population of the Colony of Hongkong is essentially an adult one, for among the non-Chinese population no less than 52.6 per cent are between the ages of 20 and 45, as compared with 33.8 per cent at the same ages in Great Britain, while among the Chinese population 55.9 per cent are between these age periods.

The preponderance of the male sex is also most marked, especially among the Chinese, of whom no less than 70.9 per cent are males, while among the non-Chinese population the percent- age is 58.6 of males. The explanation of this great preponderance of young male adults in the Chi- nese population is, as I have explained in previous Reports, that so many of them are attracted here from the neighbouring provinces of the mainland by the prospect of good wages and the protection of the British flag, and are content to leave their wives and families in China, during their sojourn here, for the facilities of transport to Canton and the neighbourhood are so great that it is a simple matter for them to visit their homes at frequent intervals.

:

This constitution of the population has a most important bearing upon the vital statistics of the Colony, for it should most certainly be associated with an abnormally low death-rate as well as a low birth-rate. This latter we undoubtedly have among the Chinese population, but I regret to say that instead of a death-rate of about 11 or at the most 12 per 1,000, such as should obtain in a population so largely composed of young adults we have a death-rate of no less than 18.85 per 1,000, the excess being, among the native population at least, largely due to the insanitary conditions under which the great bulk of them are at present compelled to live. A far more graphic but equally true expression of this fact would be that no less than 1,800 Chinese die annually in Hongkong, as the result of gross însanitary conditions, many of which are at present permitted by the laws of this Colony.

The city of Victoria is now divided into ten Health Districts, with an Inspector of Nuisances in charge of each, and the following table gives the number of houses and of floors (ie., separate Chinese dwellings in most cases), the population and the extent of each of these districts.

Districts.

Chinese Houses.

Floors.

Chinese Population.

Non-Chinese Non-Chinese

Houses.

Population. Acreage.

Total No. of persons per acre.

1

503

811

7,720

31

428

531

15.3

2

955

2,353

21,120

1,108

267

83.2

3

18

33

4,210

355

1,869

158

38.5

4

776

2,341

23,230

128

1,834

45

556.9

5

980

2,686

21,720

21

351

23

959.6

6

805

2,308

16,680

3

398

23

742.5

7

722

2,227

16,010

7

179

27

599.6

8

732

2,231

18,540

5

129

42

444.4

9

1,023

2,457

23,860

19

160

40

600.5

10

564

1,213

7,370

47

296

258

29.7.

7,078

18,660

160,460

616

6,752

1,414

271

Health district No. 3 contains not only the great majority of the European residences of the city, but also the more important of the European shops and mercantile offices, to which are attached in many cases quarters for the office coolies and caretakers; in the other districts many of the European and other non-Chinese residents are compelled to occupy the uppor floors of the better built Chinese houses.

The Inspector in charge of No. 3 Health District acts also as engineer in charge of the steam disinfecting apparatus.

It will be seen from the above table that the surface crowding of the population is very acute in No. 5 Health District, and to a slightly less extent in Nos. 6, 9, 7, and 4 Health Districts

BIRTHS.

The births registered during the year were as follows:-

Non-Chinese community, Chinese community,

130

113

243

677

448

1,125

807

561

1,368

This is equal to a general birth-rate of 5.5 per 1,000, as compared with 5.1 during the previous year. The birth-rate among the non-Chinese community alone was 17.7 per 1,000; and the nationalities of the parents were as follows:-British 88, Portuguese 74, Indian 49, German 15, natives of Malaya, and Manila 8, Jews 4, Japanese 3, French 1, and Spanish 1. It will thus be seen that the births among Europeans (exclusive of Portuguese) numbered 105, as compared with 113 during the previous year, and the birth-rate therefore among this community was 28.7 per 1,000 which compared very favourably with the birth-rate at home of 30 per 1,000.

The number of Chinese births registered does not, however, give a true record of the actual number of births which have occurred in the Colony for many of the infants that die during the first month or so of life remain unregistered, although of course the deaths of these infants are registered for the purpose of obtaining a burial certificate. It has accordingly been customary in the past, in estimating the birth-rate among the Chinese community, to add to the number of births registered the number of deaths of infants at or under 1 month old, which are recorded as occurring at the various Convents in the City, or whose bodies are discovered by the Police in the streets or in the Harbour. This makes the total Chinese births to have been 1,582 and the birth-rate among the Chinese to be 6.7 per 1,000, while the total birth-rate of the Colony will then stand at 7.3 per 1,000.

DEATHS.

The total number of deaths registered during the year was 4,688, as compared with 5,860 during 1896; but in that year, there were no less than 1,078 deaths from Bubonic Fever; discounting these latter deaths altogether however it will be seen that there has been a material reduction in the number of deaths recorded, and the death-rate for 1897 stands at 18.85 per 1,000 as compared with a average of 23 per 1,000 during the previous five years (exclusive of 1894). The total number of deaths among the Chinese was 4,484 which corresponds to a death-rate of 19.08 per 1,000, the rate during the previous year having been 24.73 per 1,000.

The deaths registered among. the non-Chinese community were 204 as compared with 253 during 1896, and the mortality rate was therefore 14.89 per 1,000 as compared with 19 per 1,000 during 1896 and 17.6 per 1,000 during 1895.

I regret to say that nothing has yet been done in the direction of the control of Chinese doctors, by the Government, although my Report of January, 1896, recommending their registration was adopted by the Board and forwarded with a unanimous expression of opinion that the matter was one which deserved early attention. In view of the fact that poisonous preparations may be sold or administered at the present time by any ignorant and uneducated Chinaman, I certainly think that if no Ordinance for the proper control of these Chinese doctors and chemists is shortly adopted, the Sanitary Board should make a series of Bye-laws under section 13, sub-section 22, of Ordinance 24 of 1887 for regulating the sale of poisons.

DISTRIBUTION OF DEATHS.

The 204 deaths in the non-Chinese population were distributed among the following nationalities: British and American 77, Portuguese 47, Indian 38, German 13, Japanese 10, French 5, natives of Malaya and Manila 5, Negroes 5, Italian 2, Spanish 1, and Austrian 1. This gives a death-rate among the European and American civil community, including the mercantile marine, of 21.3 per 1,000; but if the Army and Navy be included, with this deaths, the rate stands at 10.1 per 1,000.

1

272

The number of deaths occurring in the Army was 20, of which 13 were British, the remainder being Indians. The average age of death was 24.3 years, and the causes of death were as follows.-

Small-pox,

BRITISH.

Phthisis,

.1

Enteric Fever,

Heart disease,

1

Remittent Fever,

1

Alcoholism,

.1

Intermittent Fever,

.1

Fracture of Skull,.

1

Enteritis,

1

Meningitis,

.1

Fracture of Femur, Drowning,

1

.2

INDIAN.

Remittent Fever,

Intermittent Fever,

2

Diabetes,

........l

Bronchitis,. Hepatitis,

1

.1

.1

Dysentery,

The death from Small-pox was that of a British officer of the Royal Artillery, who is supposed to have contracted the infection by visiting the shops in Chinatown in search of curios; the death from Enteric Fever was also that of a Gunner, but no information was furnished to me as to the probable source of infection. It will be noted that four of the deaths among the British troops were due to accidental causes.

Six deaths occurring in the China Squadron were registered, in this Colony, during the year, and of these no less than four were from accidental causes; the average age at death was 27.6 years, and the causes of death were as follows:-

Dysentery,

Pleurisy,

Embolism (wound of leg),

:-

1

1

Injuries, Drowning,

1

.2

.1

The deaths of persons other than Chinese employed in the Mercantile Marine and in foreign Navies were 27 in number; of these 13 were British, 4 German, 1 French, 5 Japanese, 3 Negroes and 1. Malay.

The causes of death were as follows

Enteric Fever,

...

Enteritis,

Appendicitis,

Dysentery,

Malarial Fever,

Beri-beri,

Bright's Disease,

Diabetes,

Hepatic Abscess,

Alcoholism,

Apoplexy,

..3

1

Heat Apoplexy,

.1

1

Heart Disease,

.1

:

Syncope,

.1

1

Phthisis,

.1

.3

Strangulated Hernia,

1

Fracture of Skull,..

.1

.2

Cancer of Stomach, Unknown,

1

.1

2

All three deaths from Beri-Beri occurred in Japanese.

The total number of deaths therefore which occurred among the non-Chinese civil community during the year was 149, as compared with 199 during 1896 and 131 during 1895.

The principal causes of death among the European civil community were as follows :-

Small-pox,

Bronchitis,

Enteric Fever,......

7

Pneumonia,

Measles,

I

Phthisis,

Apoplexy and Heat Apoplexy,

..11

Bright's Disease,

8

6

9

3

Meningitis,

5

Hepatic Abscess,.

2

Dysentery,

8

Hepatic Cirrhosis,

2

Diarrhoea,

6

Beri-Beri,

1

Enteritis,

4

"Sporadic" Cholera,

1

Sprue,

4

Malarial Fevers,

7

And among infants

Trismus and Convulsions,

9

Dentition,

4

Atrophy and Marasmus,

3

The one death from Beri-Beri occurred in a European who, however, was not a resident in this Colony. It will be noted that a large proportion of the deaths are due to such tropical diseases

:

·

2

:

Į

273

as heat apoplexy, inflammatory diseases of the intestinal tract, diseases of the liver and malaria while pulmonary diseases also bulk somewhat largely in these returns. The death which was registered as due to Sporadic Cholera was that of a schoolboy who succumbed to an excess of unripe frait and ice- creams with which he had gorged himself on a very hot day, and I certainly think that the term Cholera should never have been applied to such a case which was clearly one of acute non-infectious enteritis.

UNCERTIFIED DEATHS.

The scheme of inspection of the large number of Chinese bodies in which the deaths are not cer- tified by a medical man, which was organised by me in the early part of 1896, has been carried on throughout the year, and this work was greatly facilitate by my appointinent, last year, as Superin- tendent of Statistics in the Registrar General's Department; during the year, 485 dead bodies have been inspected, many of them by myself, and six deaths from Small-pox were thus discovered. More- over, by a personal interview with the relatives of the deceased in every case, I have endeavoured to arrive at a reasonably accurate cause of death, and the general mortality statistics may therefore, I hope, be regarded as somewhat more accurate than in former years, when it was the custom to enter as the cause of death, in these uncertified cases, whatever disease the person who came to register might choose to name. I should be glad, however, to see the scheme completed by the appointment of a Chinese doctor, well trained in Western medicine, to the Sanitary staff, as suggested in my Re- port for 1896, who would personally inspect all these bodies and interview the relatives in their own houses, with a view to arriving at the real cause of death, for I believe that he would be able to secure far more accurate and reliable information from his own countrymen than either I or the Inspectors can hope to obtain. He would, moreover, prove a most useful ally in detecting the commencement of any outbreaks of infectious disease among the Chinese.

AGE DISTRIBUTION OF DEATHS.

The death-rate among the infant population still remains high, for these deaths represent no less than 20.7 per cent of the total mortality, as compared with 20 per cent during 1896 and 28 per cent during 1895. The infant death-rate among the non-Chinese inhabitants of this Colony during the year was only 120 per 1,000 which does not exceed the rate in England, but amongst the Chinese population this rate was no less than 593 per 1,000, which although still very high shows a marked improvement upon former years for in 1896 this rate was 745 and in 1895, 759 per 1,000. As stated in previous Reports these infant deaths are mostly due to diseases of a convulsive type, induced by the foul atmosphere which they are compelled to breathe in the dark and ill-ventilated dwellings of the poor, and although a material reduction in the number of these deaths has been effected by the sanitary improvements which have been carried out in the Colony during the past three or four years, yet a comparison of the infant death-rates of the Chinese and the non-Chinese communities will show that much yet remains to be done to improve the conditions of life under which the former are compelled to exist.

The following is a table of the age periods at which the several deaths occurred :-

Chinese, Non-Chinese,

Totals,

Percentages,

Under

1 month.

1-12 months.

1-5 years.

5-15 years.

15-25 years.

25-45 years.

45-60 years.

60 years and

over.

483 13

20

455 648 321 14 6

382 1,062 26 67

614

511

34

21

00 20

8

3

496 475 662 327

408 | 1,129

648 532 11

10.5 10.2 14.1 6.9

8.8 24.1 13.8 11.4 0.2

DEATHS AMONG THE CHINESE COMMUNITY.

CHEST DISEASES.

The total number of deaths among the Chinese from respiratory diseases was 1,116, as compared with 1,185 during the previous year; this represents a death-rate from these diseases of 4.7 per 1,000. As observed last year, the mortality from respiratory diseases is far heavier among the boat population than among the shore population, the rate amongst the former alone being 6.5 per 1,000, and amongst the latter 4.4 per 1,000.

Ages

unknown.

274

More than fifty per cent. of the total deaths from chest diseases are due to Phthisis, and the causes of this high mortality from this disease are doubtless those which are found to operate in a similar manner elsewhere, namely, overcrowding, inefficient ventilation and poverty; as observed last year, however, this disease is far more prevalent among the shore population than among the floating population, for while the proportion of deaths from Phthisis is only 47 per cent. of the total deaths from chest diseases among the latter, it was no less than 61 per cent. among the former.

NERVOUS DISEASES.

The deaths recorded under this heading amount to 762, but no less than 655 of these were due to Convulsions, Tetanus and Trismus occurring in infants. I have already referred to these latter deaths in speaking of the infant death-rate of the Colony and need only add that no better evidence could be adduced of the slow but gradual improvement in the sanitary condition of the Colony than the fact that, with our increasing population, the deaths from this cause are gradually diminishing, for in 1895 they were 1,107, in 1896 they were 711, and in 1897 they were, as already stated, 655.

MALARIAL DISEASES.

The total number of deaths among the Chinese from Malarial diseases was 712 as compared with 655 during 1896 and 757 during 1895; this is equal to a death-rate, from this cause alone, of 3.03 per 1,000, the rate in the previous year having been 3.3 per 1,000.

As showed in 1895, although not in 1896, the death-rate for this cause among the boat popula- tion was far greater than among the land population, for among the former it was 4.3 per 1,000 and among the latter 2.8 per 1,000. I am unable at present to explain satisfactorily why the boat popu- lation should have suffered so severely from this cause in 1895 and again in 1897 and have escaped in 1896, although doubtless climate has much to do with the relative incidence of the disease upon these two classes of the population.

There were 173 deaths recorded as due to Beri-Beri during the year, but no less than 52 of these occurred on board vessels in the harbour and in persons who had recently arrived in the Colony. Owing to extensive outbreaks of this disease at the Richmond Asylum Dublin during the years 1894, 1896 and 1897 considerable attention has of late been directed to its aetiology, and although there is much to be said in favour of the theory of its causation by food obtained from countries where Beri-Beri is endemic, yet the general consensus of medical opinion seems at present to be in favour of a "place infection." The disease certainly appears to show a distinct partiality for certain ships and even, it is said, for particular berths; thus one death from the S.S. Zafiro was recorded on January 21st, another on August 31st, and a third on November 18th of last year; one death from the S.S. Cheong Chow was recorded on March 20th and another on October 7th; one death from the S.S. Cheong Fukien was recorded on January 26th and another on March 18th. On the other hand, however, very few houses seem to exhibit these "repeat" cases of the disease, for out of the 121 deaths of Chinese residents in the Colony, from this disease during last year, I found that one occurred at 43 Praya Central on November 30th and another on December 27th, and at 191 Wing Lok Street one death occurred on May 24th, another on June 30th and a third on August 29th; but in these cases the dates of infection may well have been the same for cases in the same house, while all of the remaining 116 deaths occured in separate premises, and not one of them occurred in any of the 103 houses in which deaths from Beri-Beri had occurred during 1896. It would appear therefore that the infection of Beri-Beri cannot be said to cling to domestic dwellings, whatever may be the facts with regard to the retention of infection by ships, and in view of the great probability of successive tenants in any dwelling obtaining their food supplies from different sources, while in ships the suc- cessive crews are more likely to be fed with cereals, etc. from the same source, the question of "place- infection" versus "food-infection" must, I think, be fairly regarded still as a debateable one, and personally I am inclined to give my adherence to the latter theory.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES.

The total number of cases of infectious disease reported by registered medical practitioners during year, in accordance with the Bye-laws made by the Board for their compulsory notification, was 389, and they were distributed as follows:-

the

Rate per

i

First Second Quarter. Quarter.

Third Quarter.

Fourth Quarter.

Total.

1,000 of Population.

Bubonic Fever,............

4

13

4

21

0.08

Small-pox,

200

69

6

18

293

1.18

Enteric Fever,

30

17

13

5

65

0.26

Diphtheria,

2

2

Puerperal Fever,

2

3

2

7

0.03

Scarlet Fever,.

1

...

1

1

275

Of the above 389 cases, 67 are known to have been imported into the Colony from the mainland or by the shipping, but in most of the cases of Small-pox no information whatever could be obtained concerning their origin, owing to the desertion of the sick and dead by their relatives. I regret to say, moreover, that nothing has been done during the past year to protect the Colony from the introduction of infectious diseases, by the shipping, as recommended in my Annual Report for 1896, although a striking illustration of the danger to which the Colony is exposed from this cause was afforded by the cases of Small-pox arriving with the Willison Circus Troupe in the month of February, and which were landed and distributed in various Hotels in the city, before the disease was officially recognized.

It is in my opinion absolutely necessary, in a Colony so situated as this, that every vessel arriving in British waters should be boarded by a medical man and all persons thereon inspected before any communication is permitted with the shore, and this was also the opinion of the Sanitary Board as evidenced by the following motion, which was moved by the late President, and carried unanimously at a regular meeting held on April 8th, 1897-

"That a letter be addressed to the Colonial Secretary pointing out the desirability of arrange- ments being made, at as early a date as practicable, for the medical inspection of all vessels entering the waters of the Colony, and for the notification of the intended place of destination of those landing from an infected port or vessel, in the manner provided for in the Regulations issued by the Local Government Board, dated the 9th day of November, 1896."

Unfortunately, however, owing to a change in the constitution of the Board, and the temporary absence of the unofficial member, this decision was reversed, on the 19th day of August, of the same year, by a motion of the President, seconded by the Captain Superintendent of Police, opposed by the Acting Director of Public Works and myself, and carried by the casting vote of the President, to the following effect :-

"That the medical inspection of the shipping in this Colony be carried on as at present, but, in order to bring the practice here more into accord with that at home, that Part II of the Regu- lations issued by the British Local Government Board on the 9th November, 1896, be incorporated, as far as practicable, into the present Quarantine Regulations, an officer of the Police Force or of the Harbour Department being substituted for an officer of Customs."

It may be explained that "the medical inspection of the shipping in this Colony as carried on at present" permits of free communication with the shore and the landing of passen- gers before the visit of the Health Officer of the Port, and is therefore, in my opinion, of absolutely no value as a means of protection of the Colony from the importation of infectious disease. The only circumstances under which a vessel may not establish communication with the shore before the visit of the Health Officer is when such vessel arrives from a port or place which has been declared by the Government of this Colony, by a proclamation in the Gazette, to be infected-a procedure which is very rarely adopted-or when the master of any vessel is so sure of the existence of a case of infec- tious disease on board that he flies the Quarantine flag on arrival-an almost equally rare occurrence.

The not unnatural result of the action of the Board has been that the question has remained since then in statuo quo, the last paragraph of the later resolution not having been carried into effect, pro- bably because the cost of providing Police boarding officers in lieu of medical boarding officers would be almost as great, whereas the results would be most unsatisfactory and the delay to shipping would be far greater. It must be remembered, of course, that there are no Customs dues in Hongkong, and hence there is no staff available for the assistance of the Port Medical Officers as at home.

My own scheme for the proper working of the medical inspection of the shipping, without any unnecessary delay, is that there should be three Assistant Medical Officers of Health, appointed exclusively for duties afloat, that they should form part of the Sanitary Board staff, and act generally under the instructions of the Medical Officer of Health for the Colony. Two residences should be provided, one at Kennedy Town and the other at North Point, both close to the shore, and these officers, who should be young single men, should be required to reside therein-that is to say, two of them at Kennedy Town and one at North Point, or vice versa. From sunrise until 9 a.m. there would be a boarding medical officer on duty at either end of the Harbour; from 9 a.m. until 3 p.m. the third medical officer would be on duty and would deal with all vessels entering the Harbour between these hours; from 3 p.m. till 5 p.m. one of those who had been on duty in the early morning would take charge while the other would be on duty from 5 p.m. until an hour after sundown. In practice it would probably be found that these hours of duty would need some modification to accord with the seasons, for they merely suffice to show that three boarding medical officers could readily accomplish the necessary inspection of the vessels without any undue interference with the shipping interests of the Port. A boat with four Chinese boatmen would have to be provided at either station, while the launch already in use would be needed during the time that one officer only was on duty.

The function of each of these boarding medical officers would be to board every vessel, whether steamer, sailing ship or native craft, entering the waters of Victoria Harbour while he was on duty and

276

make a sufficient examination of all persons on board, whether passengers or crew, to assure himself that none of them were suffering from any infectious disease, but such examination would not be deemed necessary if the Master of the vessel produced a certificate (somewhat similar to that furnished to the Customs Officers at home) signed by himself and countersigned by the Surgeon to the ship, to the effect that there had been no sickness of an infectious nature and no death during the voyage, and that the Surgeon had examined every person on board during the 12 hours previous to the arrival of the vessel in British waters, and was satisfied that they were then all in good health. Such Surgeon must in all cases be a person entitled to be registered in this Colony as a medical practitioner under Ordinances 6 of 1884 and 4 of 1893, and penalties should be provided to prevent the signing of such certificates by persons other than bona fide medical practitioners. When it is remembered that all the Mail Steamers, including P. & O., O. and O., N. P., C. P. R., M.M., N.D.L., and the Holt, Shire, Glen, and probably other lines carry Surgeons, it will be seen that not many of the thirteen steamers which enter this Port daily, will need a very prolonged visit from the boarding medical officer, and that the time of these officers will be largely occupied in supervising the Junk passenger traffic which is generally admitted to be largely responsible for the introduction of infectious disease into this Colony. There is no reason why these boarding Medical Officers should not also carry out the medical inspection of Chinese emigrants which is required by section 41 of Ordinance 1 of 1889, or at least such of this work as must be done afloat, for the number of persons to be examined averages only 230 per day.

It would be necessary for a Chinese Interpreter to accompany each of the Medical Officers on his visits, and accommodation should be provided for them also, at the residences at East and West Point. The Quarantine Regulation proposed by me to provide for this medical inspection of all vessels was as follows :-

"

"All other vessels arriving at the port of Victoria, or entering the waters of the Colony on the north side of the island of Hongkong shall remain outside the following limits, namely, "on the East, the Eastern boundary of the Harbour of Victoria, and on the West, a line "drawn due North and South from the West end of Stonecutter's Island, and shall not com- "municate otherwise than orally with the shore, until a general medical inspection of the passengers and crew and of all other persons on board such vessels, has been made by the Boarding Medical Officers; and the Master of every such vessel shall not permit any person "to leave such vessel, or any cargo to be landed therefrom until he has obtained a certificate "granting pratique from the said Boarding Medical Officer.

66

"C

"The Master of every vessel shall furnish the Boarding Medical Officer with all such "information as he may require, and if, in the opinion of such Medical Officer, there has been during the voyage, or there is at the time of his visit, any case of, or any death from, an "infectious or contagious disease on board, or any person whom he suspects to be suffering "from any such disease, he may require the Master to at once proceed to the Quarantine anchorage; and any such vessel shall be deemed to be a vessel arriving in the waters of "this Colony having at the time of arrival, or having had during the voyage, a case of any "infectious or contagious disease on board' and shall comply with all the Quarantine

Regulations relating to such vessels :

66

"Provided always that Her Majesty's Mails may be landed from any vessel at any time "after her arrival in the waters of the Colony, and that such mails may be accompanied "ashore by a mail officer or officers, but the names of all such officers must be given to the "Boarding Medical Officer by the Master of the vessel, at the time of his visit of inspection;

And provided also that the Boarding Medical Officer may, in his discretion, omit such "general medical inspection of the passengers and crew and of all other persons on board, upon the production of a certificate in the form set forth in the Schedule attached hereto, "duly signed by the Master of the vessel and countersigned by the Surgeon to the effect "that there has been no case of sickness of an infectious nature during the voyage, and that "the said Surgeon has seen every person on Board during the twelve houses immediately preceding the visit of the Boarding Medical Officer and is satisfied that they are all in "good health."

The Governor in Council should have power to extend this Regulation to any other port in the Colony, by proclamation in the Gazette, and should ensure that the certificates of duly qualified medical practitioners only are accepted.

BUBONIC FEVER.

As will be seen from the foregoing table the Colony was happily spared, during 1897, a repetition of the outbreaks of this disease which characterized 1894 and 1896. Only 21 cases of Bubonic Fever were discovered during the year, all of them being of Chinese nationality, and these were distributed over the three later quarters. Two of the cases are known to have been imported from the mainland, four were found in the streets and could give no addresses, and of the remaining 15, no less than 8

1

277

occurred in narrow lanes and in houses in which cases had occurred during 1896. This appears to me to suggest that the infection of the disease adheres most tenaciously to dwellings which have once become infected, and in view of much of the experimental evidence concerning the vitality of the Bubonic Fever bacillus under certain conditions, I am strongly inclined to apply, tentatively, Sanarelli's theory concerning the bacillus of Yellow Fever, namely, that the vitality of the bacillus, outside the living bodies of man and animals, depends largely upon the co-existence of vetegable moulds by which it is nourished, to the infective material of this disease also. It is already well known that a moist atmosphere, defective ventilation, a moderate amount of heat, and the absence of sunlight, are the most favourable conditions for the development of the Bubonic Fever bacillus, while they are also the conditions which encourage the free growth of the vegetable moulds, and it is not unreasonable therefore to surmise that this property of symbiosis, which has also been observed by Metchinkoff in connection with the bacillus of cholera, may have not a little to do with the persistence of the bacillus of Bubonic Fever in damp and ill-ventilated dwellings. This theory may perhaps also serve to throw a side-light upon the origin of the recent epidemic of Bubonic Fever in Bombay and other parts of India, for one of the causes to which the outbreak was freely attributed by scientific authorities on the spot was the consumption of inferior qualities of mouldy grain, which if imported from a district in which the disease is endemic, such as parts of China or North-west India, might well have conveyed the specific bacillus. The following extract from the Indian press bears out this point. "In a public lecture in the Sassoon Institute, Bombay, Dr. G. WATERS disposed of the theory that Bubonic Fever had been imported into Bombay from Hongkong by rats in ships. He inclined to the belief that it was not introduced from other ports, but had its origin in the large granaries of the Mandvie quarter of the town. The first outbreak was among the granary employés, and rat murrain was first discovered there. Surgeon-Colonel CLEGHORN, who has made a special investigation for the Indian authorities, holds the same opinion. It is stated as a curious fact by both doctors that wheat and rice eaters have enjoyed almost complete immunity from the disease, which has been most prevalent among the millet eaters (Hindoos)-millet being a generic term for various kinds of inferior grain." The grain would probably in such a case be primarily infected by rats suffering from the disease, but such infection would only be retained by the inferior and mouldy grain, the bacilli deposited with the excreta in sound, dry grain being unable to retain their vitality during exportation from the infected to uninfected areas. It is an important fact, in this connection, that many of the historical outbreaks of Bubonic Fever have been associated with a failure of the cereal crops and occasionally also with outbreaks of ergotism. It is true that the Asiatic races do not eat their rice and other grain uncooked, but most of the inferior grain is ground into flour, which is made into cakes, and the heat necessary to cook these cakes, which are just browned on the outside, is not sufficient to destroy any bacilli there may be in the flour. I do not wish to suggest, however, that diet is the only, or even necessarily the most important factor in the dissemination of this disease, for I am still of the opinion that the atmosphere in the immediate neighbourhood of a patient suffering from the disease, where such patient is confined in a dirty, dark and ill-ventilated dwelling, is infective to very much the same extent as in Typhus Fever, and that when such atmosphere is breathed for any length of time by a healthy individual, the bacilli have every opportunity of gaining access to the lymphatic system of the respiratory tract by inhalation, and of the alimentary tract by swallowing the mucus and saliva of the mouth and pharynx, to which any particulate bodies in the atmosphere would naturally adhere. I certainly cannot subscribe however, for the reasons given in my Annual Report for 1895, to the theory which has been so freely canvassed in connection with the outbreak of this disease in Bombay, that infection is contracted, in the great majority of the cases, by inoculation through small abrasions of the skin. These reasons were that the inguinal and femoral buboes have been found to occur just as frequently among the European cases of the disease, who are carefully shod as among the natives who habitually go barefooted; the Europeans employed in house to house visitation and cleansing work during the Plague epidemics in this Colony of 1894 and 1896, who contracted the disease, all had femoral or inguinal buboes, although it can hardly be denied that their bare hands and arms were, by the nature of the work in which they were employed, far more exposed to any infection by inoculation than were their feet and legs; secondly, that only in very rare cases is there any evidence of a wound, of any local inflammation, or of lymphangitis, although in cases of experimental inoculation of animals these latter have always occurred, except (it is said) in a few cases in which a pure culture of the bacillus has been used, and in view of the fact that pus, blood, sputum and intestinal excreta are the natural media of transmission of the disease, it would be unreasonable to suppose, as is necessary to render this theory of infection. by inoculation tenable, that contact of the supposed wound with a pure culture, is in the human subject the almost invariable rule. Another objection to this theory is that none of the diseases which are unquestionably transmitted by inoculation (e.g., rabies, tetanus, charbon, etc.) have hitherto been known to occur in widespread epidemics, and the theory therefore commits us to an entirely new phase in the aetiology of the communicable diseases, and one which certainly ought therefore to be fully substantiated by facts before its advocates can expect it to meet with general acceptance.

It is difficult, I admit, to explain, with any other theory, why the inguinal and femoral glands should be so frequently the first to betray the disease, but I must confess that I still adhere to the explanation of this fact given by me in my Annual Report for 1895, namely, that the disease is essen-

278

tially one of the lymphatic system generally, and that, as can be seen at any post-mortem examination, most of the lymphatic glands of the body are in a more or less inflamed and irritable condition, while the special enlargement of any particular group of superficial glands (which does not by any means always occur) is due to purely accidental circumstances, such as by the carrying of heavy weights upon one's shoulder (as is invariably done by Asiatics) during the initial period of the disease, great strain being thus thrown upon one leg, by climbing up and down narrow flights of stairs as was done by the Europeans employed in house to house visitation and cleansing (most of the arduous manual labour was performed by coolies acting under the direction of these Europeans) or in fact by any of the ordi- nary daily avocations of life which happen to be of a laborious nature.

Murchison's opinion, although not perhaps scientifically accurate in the light of modern bacteriological research, yet indicates the close resemblance of Typhus Fever and Bubonic Fever, for he wrote: "Plague is perhaps the Typhus of warm climates, the two diseases being generated from similar causes and differing only in intensity from the effects of climate and other collateral circumstances."

The marked recurrence of cases in houses previously infected, even after an interval of more than twelve months, has convinced me that only the most thorough disinfection, and even in some cases the removal of all existing unsound woodwork, will eradicate the disease from an infected dwelling, and I have decided to abolish the processes of disinfection by burning sulphur and by wash- ing the floors with some coal tar preparation, which have hitherto been in vogue in this Colony, and to adopt the system of disinfection which has proved so successful in Paris of spraying floors, walls, etc. with a 1 in 1,000 solution of Perchloride of Mercury; the rooms will subsequently be exposed as far as it is practicable in the ill-ventilated and mostly back to back dwellings in which these cases occur, to a free current of air by opening all doors, windows and ventilators as fully as possible, and keeping the premises unoccupied for a few days. There is, however, but one course for the Govern- ment to adopt, if this Colony is to be kept free from this and other filth diseases, and that is the absolute prohibition of back to back houses, and the compulsory provision of an adequate amount of light and ventilation in all the Chinese dwellings in the Colony.

SMALL-POX.

No less than 293 cases of this disease were reported during the year, of these 200 occurred during the first quarter. The number of imported cases was 37, of which 35 were imported during the first quarter of the year, and I certainly consider that the extensive outbreak of Small-pox during that quarter was largely attributable to the importation of these 35 cases, many of which would have been prevented from landing, if there had been a systematic medical inspection of all persons entering the Colony. The number of cases among the Chinese was 234, while 49 cases occurred among Europeans, 6 were Japanese, 2 Portuguese and 2 Indian. The European cases occurred mostly in groups-thus there was an outbreak of eight cases on board H.M.S. Grafton, which was clearly traceable to infection introduced to the ship by certain Chinese day-labourers who were working at the time in the stoke- hole; there were also four cases on board H.M.S. Æolus, two cases on board H.M.S. Centurion, two cases on board H.M.S. Humber and one case on board H.M.S. Hart, while the sick berth attendant on board the hospital ship H.M.S. Midge, where these naval cases were treated, also developed the disease. I have already ventured to suggest to the Commodore that a daily medical inspection of all day-labourers employed in the Naval Yard, during the prevalence of Small-pox in the Colony, coupled with the re-vaccination of the crews whenever necessary would probably be the best means of protecting the Fleet from such outbreaks as that which occurred on board H.M.S. Grafton, and arrangements have been made to supply the Commodore with a weekly return of all cases of infectious disease notified to this Department, while a similar return is forwarded each week to the Principal Medical Officer of the Army Medical Staff on this station. It seems strange, however, in the light of the statistics furnished by Germany as to the efficacy of re-vaccination in protecting the community from Small-pox, that the Naval Authorities are not able to confer sufficient immunity on their men by careful vaccination and re-vaccination to protect them from this disease, even when it exists among the Chinese community of this Colony.

Reference has already been made to a group of cases (seven in all) occurring in the Willison Circus Troupe in the month of February, on their arrival from Saigon, while, of the remaining Euro- pean cases, two developed the disease in the Garrison Female Hospital and one was an officer of the Royal Artillery whose death has already been commented on in this Report.

It may be added that the vaccination of infants has been compulsory in this Colony since 1890; but as it appears from the Report on the recent census that only 7 per 1,000 of the Chinese population are born in the Colony, it is evident that the protection afforded to the public health by this enactment is infinitesimal, and one is thus compelled to consider whether the compulsory vac cination or re-vaccination of adults, which has been no successfully carried out in Germany since 1874, is yet within the range of practical politics in this Colony. I must confess, however, that I am unable to suggest any scheme whereby this most desirable object could be attained without considerable interference with the liberty and comfort of the community, and we must therefore be content to rely

1

279

upon its more intelligent members protecting themselves from this most loathsome disease by judicious re-vaccination and the adoption of such other precautions as will readily suggest themselves during periods of epidemic. I would suggest, however, that the Government might undertake to supply the Tung Wah Hospital authorities with an ample supply of vaccine lymph throughout the year and offer a small bonus of, say, 20 cents to the Chinese House Surgeons at that Hospital for every success- ful vaccination performed by them, the results to be certified by the Government Medical Officer attending that Hospital. A similar offer might be made to the Chinese House Surgeons of the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals if the Medical Superintendent would consent to certify the results. This principle of offering bonuses for successful vaccination has been in vogue in England for many years past, and would, I believe, prove a suitable method of largely increasing the number of vaccinated persons in the Colony.

While speaking of vaccination I may mention that a most interesting historical account of the Vaccine Institute at Saigon, by Drs. CALMETTE and LEPIGNAY will be found in the Archives de Médicine Navale el Coloniale (vol. 61) 1894; great stress is laid therein upon the fact that vaccine becomes rapidly attenuated in this climate on transmission from calf to calf so much so that it was found necessary to obtain fresh supplies of lymph from Paris every fortnight for the inoculation of the calves until in 1892 young buffaloes were used experimentally in lieu of calves, and the results were so excellent, th tend ney of the lymph being, in these animals, rather to become stronger than to attenuate, that buffaloes have since that date been invariably used in the Institute in lieu of calves. The practical application of this experience of our confreres in Saigon to our own Institute will, I am sure, appeal to the Superintendent of the Vaccine Institute, for there appears to be, at present, a general consensus of opinion among medical practitioners in this Colony that the Saigon lymph is more reliable than that prepared in Hongkong, and the use of buffaloes in lieu of calves is, no doubt, the scientific explanation of this circumstance.

ENTERIC FEVER.

Sixty-five cases of Enteric Fever were reported during the year, and no less than 51 of these were Europeans, while the remainder comprise 7 Chinese, 5 Japanese, 1 Portuguese and 1 Indian. Of the 51 European cases, however, 21 are known to have contracted the infection at neighbouring Ports while 2 others probably did so, thus leaving 28 of these cases to be accounted for locally.

During the month of June six cases occurred within a few days of one another, and as they all obtained their milk from the same Dairy, it is reasonable to suppose that the infection was conveyed to them by this medium. Fortunately, however, the source of contamination appears to have been promptly, although perhaps unconsciously removed, as no further cases were traceable to this cause. Many of the cases which occurred during the earlier part of the year were of so mild a type as to occasion considerable doubt in the minds of their medical attendants as to the genuineness of their infectious nature, and it would no doubt be as well if in future the diagnosis could be checked by Widal's serum test which seems to have established a good claim to reliability. This test consists in adding to the serum of a drop of the patient's blood ten times the quantity of a 24 hour old broth culture of the bacillus typhosus, and examining a portion of this mixture under the microscope, when in genuine cases of Enteric Fever it will be found that the bacilli, which in the broth culture are exceedingly active and uniformly distributed over the field, become motionless and clumped in masses, the intervening portions of the field being quite clear. This change takes place immediately or within a few minutes in the great majority of cases, but in those doubtful cases of Enteric Fever in which the application of the test would naturally be of most value, the change is not always so pronounced, for some of the bacilli may retain for a time a sluggish movement, while again the clumping will not be so perfect as in typical cases of the disease, but yet the influence of the serum upon the bacilli will be readily apparent, while with blood serum other than that from a typhoid patient no reaction whatever takes place, Bates Black's statement that cases of Malaria react to the test having been disproved by subsequent observers. In many cases a first test, especially if applied early in the course of the disease (.e. before the tenth day), may prove negative, while a further test a week later, if the clinical symptoms continue to be suspicious, may result in producing the typical reaction.

The importance of an accurate diagnosis in all such doubtful cases cannot well be exaggerated even apart from scientific grounds, for the welfare and comfort of the patient, and of those residing under the same roof, must of necessity be largely influenced by the circumstance of the infectious or non-infectious nature of the illness, and I would venture to hope therefore that some attempt may be made by local medical practitioners to adopt this test in all doubtful cases of Enteric Fever, and I think that the Government would be wise to make use of the valuable experience of the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon in bacteriological work and instruct him to prepare the necessary cultures for such tests as that of Widal. An excellent laboratory might be fitted up at the Vaccine Institute at a comparatively small cost, and much valuable scientific work might be done there, on behalf of the Board, by its officers.

280

In the fifty-second issue of the Medical Reports of the Imperial Maritime Customs, just published, E. W. VON TUNZELMANN, of Chefoo, describes a non-malarial remittent fever, occurring among Europeans, which in many respects nearly resembles Enteric Fever, and which differs from Malarial remittent fever in the absence of initial chills or rigors, and of rigors accompanying the small daily exacerbations of temperature, and in the absence of an enlarged spleen, and which is charac- terized by the presence in the blood of two hitherto undescribed parasites, one of which he terms a a Medusa sanguinis hominis, owing to its striking resemblance in form and movements to the medusae, while the other is an irregular-shaped organism, invested by a clear structureless double-contoured membrane having on the ventral aspect an orifice surrounded by a very mobile ridge or lip, and which is to be found both free, and contained within the red blood corpuscles. The presence of the medusae in the blood is, he states, invariably associated with considerable pyrexia of a remittent type, and they have hitherto been found by him to be always accompanied by the other form of parasite, but this latter may be found alone in the blood, even in enormous numbers, without producing any clinical symptoms. Whether further investigations will confirm this Report or not, it is impossible to say, but it is at least evident that a type of Fever may exist in this climate which, whether Malarial or not in origin, closely resembles in clinical features, Enteric Fever, and appears in fact to have been hitherto diagnosed as such, rather by the process of exclusion than from full conviction of its genuine enteric character. Some of these doubtful cases, reported last year as Enteric Fever, were characterized by an almost entire absence of Diarrhoea, the opposite condition being in fact more generally present, an absence of any roseolous eruption, and of gurgling in the iliac fossae, while the patients have not infrequently complained of severe neuralgic headaches, without delirium, or mental obscurity, and it is such cases as these that may eventually prove to be a type of remittent fever, possibly non-malarial, rather than a modified Enteric Fever.

It is interesting to note the small number of cases of Enteric Fever which occurred among the Chinese during the year, an experience which accords with the apparent immunity of the native population of India from this cause, while the circumstances connected with these cases appear to suggest that the same explanation of this apparent immunity may apply to both races, namely, that they are so fully exposed to the infection throughout the whole period of their existence that they almost always contract the disease in infancy or early childhood, when, if they recover, the disease will have been practically unnoticed, while if they succumb the death will be attributed to Diarrhoea, Convulsions, or some other symptom. Should they then happen to contract a second attack in adult life, it will be so modified by the previous one as to be again scarcely recognizable or at least to be insufficient to drive the patient to a Hospital under European control.

Of the seven cases which occurred among the Chinese in this Colony last year, one only was an adult, and he had contracted the disease in Saigon from which port he arrived by steamer, while the other six were children ranging from 6 to 17 years of age, resident in a Home under Euro- pean management. These children obviously contracted the infection from a German pastor who was brought down to the Home from the Tung Kun province of China, in consequence of illness, and died of Enteric Fever a very few days after arrival; the children had been carefully protected from any in- fection of this nature while in the Home, which means practically from infancy, as the Home is a Found- ling one, until the arrival of this European case, when they shewed that they were equally as liable to contract the disease as any European children would have been, and it appears to me therefore that we have, in the history of these cases, a very suggestive corroboration of the theory that the Asiatic is not naturally immune to Enteric Fever but that he is almost invariably protected by an attack in infancy.

Not a few of the cases of Enteric Fever which occur in the Colony are attributable to the infection of raw vegetables in salads, grown in native gardens, for the luxuriant and rapid growth of such vegetables is, in accordance with the usual Chinese custom, fostered by copious waterings with sewage, prepared by mixing night-soil with diluted urine in such a manner that the solid matter is uniformly distributed throughout the liquid in finely divided particles. This naturally constitutes a most admirable fertilizer, but unfortunately for the consumers of the products of this form of market gardening which is practically universal throughout China the germs of such diseases as Cholera and Enteric Fever are very liable to be transmitted thereby, and it is certainly wiser for Europeans in this Colony to abstain from raw vegetables unless grown under their own personal supervision.

I also had reason, in certain of the cases reported last year, to suspect that the infection had been conveyed by oysters, and this can hardly be wondered at when I state that it is no uncommon occurrence for baskets of oysters, imported into the Colony by Chinese compradores, to be kept alive and it may be perhaps fattened, by being suspended over the Praya wall in the immediate vicinity of the various sewer outlets, until some customer may send an order for the supply of these delicacies.

The sewerage system of the city of Victoria has, during the past year, come in for more than its usual share of opprobrium in connection with cases of this disease, and the discovery of cer- tain old sewers, the outlets to which had been blocked by the Praya Reclamation works, while they were yet receiving a small and probably intermittent flow of sewage from some old private drains

|

281

the existence of which was unknown, certainly came at an opportune moment for the advocates of this theory of the transmission of the disease, but although I will grant that foul emanations from choked sewers will undoubtedly produce Vomiting, Diarrhoea, profound depression and even slight fever, I am not prepared to admit that a genuine attack of Enteric Fever can be produced in this man- ner, except in those somewhat exceptional cases in which the blocked drain or sewer contains the excreta of some other typhoid patient. When, however, the sewer does contain the necessary infective material, derived from some antecedent case, I certainly think that the emanations from such sewer are capable of transmitting the disease. Some years ago I suggested the probability of Enteric Fever germs retaining their vitality in a sewage-laden soil, for as long a period even as twelve months, and that such is actually the case has quite recently been experimentally proved by ROBERTSON and SIDNEY MARTIN, so that it may be no easy matter to trace the antecedent case in those instances that are attributable to choked or defective drains or sewers, but that such a case must have occurred is one of the first principles of the germ-theory of disease.

DIPHTHERIA.

Two cases only of Diphtheria were reported during the year, both of the patients being Euro- peans and one of them an imported case. The other was a child in the Italian Convent, but the source of infection could not be traced. A similar case occurred in this Convent just twelve months previously.

PUERPERAL FEVER.

Seven cases of Puerperal Fever were reported during the year, all of them being Chinese. There were, however, 11 deaths registered during the year as attributable to this cause while no less than 29 other deaths are recorded as due to child-birth, and it is probable that not a few of these latter are really deaths from Puerperal Fever.

SCARLET FEVER.

One case of Scarlet Fever was reported in a European living at Kowloon, but beyond the fact that the child was in the habit of frequenting the Docks, no information could be obtained as to the source of infection.

COMMON LODGING-HOUSES.

There are now 1.001 registered common lodging-houses in the Colony as compared with 840 during 1896 and 457 during 1895. These lodging-houses are licensed to accommodate 16,905 persons, but as pointed out in my Report for last year, there must be many more Chinese dwellings which come within the legal definition of common lodging-house seeing that there are more than 100,000 unmarried Chinamen in the Colony.

INTERMENTS.

The following number of interments of Chinese have been recorded during the year:

Chinese cemeteries of city.

#>

2,376

Plague and Small-pox Cemetery..................... 80 Protestant and Roman Catholic cemeteries...... 1,186

Shau-kiwan Cemetery

Aberdeen

Stanley

Shek-Ko Kowloon

""

14

185

99

53

11

272

4,262

The total number of deaths among Chinese during the year was 4,484, so that 222 bodies were removed from the Colony for burial, as compared with 180 during the previous year.

117 permits for the disinterment of human remains, in accordance with the usual Chinese custom, were issued during the year, but in no case is a permit issued until at least seven years have elapsed from the date of death, and disinterment of the bodies of persons that have died from any in- fections disease is, under no circumstances, permitted,

282

PROSECUTIONS.

The following is a return of the prosecutions that were instituted during the year by myself and the Inspectors of Nuisances acting under my instructions:-

Offences.

Sum-

monses.

Con- victions.

Penalties.

Remarks.

Occupation of Basements,

Cocklofts and Cubicles,

Unlicensed Common Lodging-Houses,

Overcrowding Common Lodging-Houses,...

Causing Nuisances :—

On Private Premises,.................

In Pigsties,..

39

ཨཿ⌘ཐ

8

$150.00

32

29

34

1

38

35

339.00 2 cases dismissed, 1 withdrawn. 490.00

4 absconded, 1 case withdrawn. 25.00 1 case withdrawn.

194.001 absconded, 1 dismissed, I withdrawn.

13

13

13.00

In Common Lodging-Houses,

In Public Latrines,...

In Public Streets,

1

1

5.00

3

35.00

5

22.00

On Crown Land,..................

3.00

In Harbour,

2

2

4.00

Neglect to notify infectious disease,

6

6

57.00

Keeping Swine without Licence,

142

128

307.25 2 cautioned, 1 absconded, 11 withdrawn.

Keeping Cattle without Licence,

2

2

27.00

Sleeping in Public Laundry,........

3

3

35.00

Sleeping in Fat-boiling Premises,. Adulteration of Milk,..

2

20.00

1

1

100.00

Whisky,

2

50.00 1 cautioned.

>>

Coffee,

1

1

50.00

Overcrowding Tenement Houses,. Not concreting ground surfaces, Keeping Unregistered Laundry,

6

4

30.00 In the other cases, order to abate forthwith

made by Magistrate.

99.00

1

10.00

>>

Bone-boiling

Premises,...

2

2

20.00

Total........

317

286

2,085.25

DISINFECTING STATION.

The following is a return of the number of articles which have passed through the steam disin- fecting apparatus during the year :-

Articles removed from private houses,

11,563

35

"}

""

Government Civil Hospital,

3,518

A

>>

Victoria Gaol,

13

""

>>

25

Tung Wah Hospital,

2,243

""

22

Military Barracks,

198

:

17,535

Inspector GRIMBLE, of No. 3 Health District, who has been in charge of the Machinery and has per- formed these duties in a satisfactory manner, reports that the boiler and fittings are in good working order, but as mentioned in my Report for last year, the building, which is a wooden structure, is in a most dilapidated condition. I understand that the plans of a new brick building have already been drawn and that this will be erected, and the machinery removed thereto, during the present year.

The apparatus was in use on 184 days of the past year.

STAFF.

A few changes have taken place on the staff during the year; Inspector HORE was dismissed and Inspector McDONALD was appointed to fill the vacancy; the two additional Inspectors who were to have been appointed from England could not be obtained at the salary offered by the Government and Inspectors ALLEN and PHILLIPS were accordingly appointed locally.

Inspector GERMAIN went to England on leave on March 20th, 1897, and his leave has been extended to September 20th, 1898, while Inspector RENNIE was also granted home leave on December 7th last. so that the staff is at present somewhat short-handed.

J

283

No serious epidemic has occurred during the year, and the staff have therefore been able to press forward the various sanitary improvements which had been already legislated for but which in many cases had not been carried out by property owners, such for instance as the concreting of ground surfaces, the regulation of cubicles and cocklofts, the registration of common lodging-houses, the occupation of basements, etc., and the good results of such general improvement in the sanitary condition of the Colony will be found in the reduced death-rate which has already been recorded in this Report. These duties have been performed in an efficient and at the same time, I venture to think, in a judicious manner, and I consider that the Sanitary Board has every reason to be satisfied with the work which the staff has performed during the past year.

The following is a list of the Inspectors of Nuisances at present employed by the Board :—

Senior Inspector.

Mr. J. R. GERMAIN.

No. 1 Health District,

Mr. L. BRETT.

No. 9 Health District,......Mr. F.

Mr. F. FISHER.

2

J. T. COTTON.

10

>>

>>

"1

">

""

3)

......

3

J. R. GRIMBLE.

";

>>

>>

"

4

""

""

>>

......

GEO. BURNETT.

12

37

3)

5

** A

""

6

7

""

......

JOHN REIDIE.

13

39

22

J. J. CLERIHEW. W. MCDONALD. JOHN RENNIE. H. BAKER.

>>

W. PHILLIPS

14

")

">

"}

P. MCNAB.

>>

8

""

F. ALLEN,

15

>>

"}

:>

>>

......

**

J. MCALLISTER.

>"

W. WITHERS.

Each Inspector is provided with a Chinese Interpreter and a Foreman of Street Cleansers, the latter of whom controls the contractor's coolies and assists the Inspector in seeing that the cleansing of the streets, lanes, etc. is properly carried out, while he also assists in disinfecting infected premises and in carrying out the general sanitary work of the district.

I append a copy of the mortality tables which have been duly checked by myself as Superintendent of Statistics, and a series of diagrams which have been prepared by Mr. HUGH MCCALLUM in continua- tion of the former series,

and have the honour to be, Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

FRANCIS W. CLARK.

284

Appendix A.

The following is a tabular statement of the sanitary condition of former Health Districts 5 and 6 (now practically 5, 6, 7 and 8) prepared for the use of the Insanitary Properties Commission. By "insufficient open space in the rear," heading C, is meant every house in which the backyard is ob- structed by a bridge more than 3′ 6′′ in width or by any other structure, and every back to back house (ie., having no backyard) in which the kitchen has not been opened out to the extent of at least one-half of the width of such house, and for the entire depth of such kitchen.

A. Back to back houses,

166

B. Houses fronting on narrow lanes

68

C. Houses with insufficient open space in the rear,

228

D. Houses abutting against the hillside to a depth of

more than 4 feet,

114

A+ B.......

90

A+C.....

1,193

A+D.......

40

A+B+C

78

A+

·B+D......

4

A+C+D.....

158

A+B+C+D

57

B+C

33

B+D.....

9

B+C+D........

9

C+D.....

283

Total,...........

Total number of houses in these districts,

Number of houses in fairly good sanitary condition

(=18%), .

-

2,530

3,095

565

May 1st, 1897.

:

FRANCIS W. CLARK,

Medical Officer of Health.

2

Appendix B.

DIAGRAMS.

285

26

40

287

DEATHS FROM INFANTILE CONVULSIVE DISEASES.

1897.

No. of Deaths.

80

75

90

ΤΟ

85

65

NO

60

75

50

65

Mean

Temperature.

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

November.

16.

55

70.

45

60.

35

---50.

30

45

20

35

40

55

30

HIGHEST,

TEMPER-

ATURE

LOWEST,

79.2 76.7 79.9 80.3

46.7 41.0 54.7 57.5

90.0 89.8

90.3

67.6 72.0

89.2 91.8 86.8 85.6 76.4

74.6 73.1 72.3 66.3 51.1 47.9

BAROMETER MEAN.

30.1030.16 30.03 29.99 29.85 | 29.71 29.7829.77 29.87 29.98 30.06 30.20

NOTE.-Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

6

8.

12

1.-4

18

December.

20

24

RAIN-

FALL.

Inches.

28

!

4

No. of

Deaths.

55

50

85

45

80

40

75

35

70

30

65

25

60

15

50

DEATHS FROM THROAT AFFECTIONS.

1897.

289

Mean

Temperature.

January.

February.

90

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

20

55

10

10

15

5

40

35

THODEST, 79.2 76.7 79.9 80.3 90.0

89.8

90.3 89.2 91.8

TEMPER-

ATUKE

LOWEST,•••• 46.7 41.0 54.7 57.5 67.6

72.0

86.8 85.6 76.4

74.6 73.1 72.3 66.3 51.1 47.9

BAROMETER MEAN.

30.10 30.16 30.03 129.99 129.85 |29.71 29.78 29.77 29.87 29.98 30.06 30.20

NOTE. Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

2

12

November.

16.

December.

18

20

24

RAIN- FALL.

Inches.

28

!

120

-

No. of

Deaths.

DEATHS FROM CHEST AFFECTIONS.

1897.

Mean

Temperature.

January.

February.

March.

160

90

150

85

140

80

130

75

110

65

ΤΟ

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

100

60

12

80.

.50

90

55

10

70

45

60

40

50

35

333

TEMPEP-

ATURE

HIGHEST,

LOWEST, ...

BAROMETER MEAN.

79.2 76.7 79.9 80.3 90.0 89.8 90.3 89.2 91.8 86.8 $5.6 76.4

46.7 41.0 54.7 57.5 67.6 72.0 74.6 73.1 72.3 66.3 51.1 47.9

30.10 30.16 30.03 29.99 29.85 29.71 29.78 29.77 29.87 29.98 30.06 30.20

NOTE.- Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

6

November.

14

16

December.

18

20

24

RAIN- FALL.

Inches.

28.

291

40

50

60

30

45

20

40

10

85

No. of

Deaths.

DEATHS FROM BOWEL COMPLAINTS.

1897.

293

Mean

Temperature.

January.

February.

120

90

110

85

100

80

90

75

ગ્

70

65

30

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

November.

16

80

70

60

12

55

30

HIGHEST,

TEMPER- ATURE

LOWEST,

79.2 76.7 79.9 80.3 90.0

46.7 41.0 54.7 57.5 67.6

89.8

90.3 89.2

91.8 86.8 85.6 76.4

72.0

74.6 73.1 72.3 66.3 51.1 47.9

BAROMETER MEAN.

30.10 30.16 30.03 29.99 29.85 29.71

29.78 29.77 29.87 29.98 30.06 130.20

A

NOTE. Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

2

14

18

December.

20

24

RAIN- FALL.

Inches.

28

}

|

į

No. of

Deaths.

Moan

Temperature.

January.

February.

160

90

159

85

140

SO

130

120

100

GO

12:

DEATHS FROM FEVERS.

1897.

295

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

November.

16

70

110

65

14

90

55

70

45

60

40

50

35

50

(HGUEST,

TEMPER-J

ATURE

LOWEST,

79.2 76.7 79.9 80.3

46.7 41.0 54.7 57.5

90.0

89.8 90.3 89.2 91.8 86.8 $5.6 76.1

67.6 72.0 74.6 73.1 72.3 06.3 51.1 47.9

BAROMETER MEAN.

30.10 30.16 30.03 | 29.99 | 29.85 | 29.71 29.78 29.77

29.87 29.98 30.06 30.20

NOTE. Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

2

6

.10

12

December.

18

20.

24

RAIN- FALL.

Inches.

:

7

DEATHS FROM CAUSES OTHER THAN CONVULSIONS, THROAT AFFECTIONS, CHEST AFFECTIONS, BOWEL COMPLAINTS, FEVERS AND BUBONIC PLAGUE.

1897.

297

No. of Deaths.

Mean

Temperature.

January.

February.

200

90

190

85

180

80

170

75

March.

July.

August.

September.

October.

November.

December.

16

160

70

150

140

60

130

55

-120

110

45

100

40

90

35

50

HIGHEST, 79.2 76.7 79.9 80.3 90.0 89.8 90.3 89.2 91.8 86.8 85.6 76.4

46.7 41.0 54.7 57.5 67.6 72.0 74.6 73.1 72.3 66.3 51.1 47.9

TEMPER-

ATURE

LOWEST,

BAROMETER MEAN.

30.10 30.16 30.03 29.99 29.85 29.71 29.78 29.77

29.87 29.98 | 30.06 | 20.20

NOTE. Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

18

20

RAIN- FALL.

Inches.

28

24

400

No. of

Deaths.

Mean

Temperature.

January.

February.

510

90

500

85

480

80

460

75

420

55

DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES.

1897.

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

November.

440

70

16

380

55

$60

50

340

45

320

40

300

35

$3

TEMPER-

ATURE

LOWEST,

HIGHEST, 79.2 76.7 79.9 80.3 90.0 89.8 90.3 89.2 91.8 86.8 85.6 76.4

46.7 41.0 54.7 57.5 67.6 72.0 74.6 73.1 72.3 66.3 51.1 47.9

BAROMETER MEAN.

30.10 30.16 30.03| 29.99| 29,85 | 29.71 29.78 29.77 29.87 29.98 30.06 | 30.20

NOTE.- Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

4

30

8

TO

12

14

IS

December.

20

24

RAIN-

FALL.

Inches.

28

299

:

:

Appendix C.

RETURN OF DEATHS.

801

302

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

CLASSIFICATION

OF

CAUSES OF DEATH.

(IN GROUPS.)

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

VICTORIA.

HEALTH DISTRICT.

No.

6.

No.

7.

No.

8.

No.

9.

No.

10.

F

11

2 3 8

4

9

1

17 22

1

9

:

8 6 8 14

How co

Civil.

Army.

Navy.

No. 1.

No. 2.

No. 3.

No. 4.

No. 5.

I.-General Diseases.

A-Specific Febrile Diseases.

(1)-Zymotic.

Small-pox,

Measles,

Typhoid Fever (Enteric),

Simple Continued Fever,

Sporadic Cholera,

Dysentery,

Bubonic Fever (Plague),

Unknown.

Peak.

Harbour.

21

52 14 1

4

10

5

1

5 6

9

20

3

13

3 4

CC

8

21

18

22 16

37 76 16

4

19

27

3

2

20 32

(2)-Malarial.

Fever, Intermittent,..

6

2

11 30

"

Remittent,

преди

4

3

8 24

2 21

་ཀ

17

9

14

23

(Undefined),.

21

:

:

""

Beri-Beri,

4

13

උය

3

13 14

1: පස

3

10 13 18

15

on

5

19

88

7

44 46 20 40 53 76

24-28

22:12

12 22

25

37

10 30

15

1

1

17

co:

3 1

8:65

9

14

3

1

80

14

(3)-Septic.

Pyæmia,

Septicæmia,

Puerperal Fever,

(4)-Venereal.

Syphilis,

Total Group A,.............. 41

:

B.-Diseases dependent on Specific External Agents.

Worms,

(1)-Parasites.

(2)- Poisons.

Vegetable (Opium)

Gaseous, (suffocation in a fire),

(suffocation in hold of ship),

Burns,

(3)-Effects of Injuries.

Sun-stroke,

Heat-apoplexy,

Drowning,..

+

Injuries,

>>

during birth,

Surgical Injuries,...

Syncope from Shock,

Fracture of Skull,

"

of Spine,

of Tibia,

of Ribs,

00

10

::

1

1

1 11

1

::

1

2

1

1

1

:

:

1 1

1

4 1

2

15

68

66

44 57

94 154

30 8

1 102

:

:

:

2

1 5

41 136

""

of Femur and Clavicle,

Strangulation by hanging,

Cut-throat,

Asphyxia,....

Rupture of Spleen,

:

:

:

2

2

3

4

1

1

:

12

:

1

1

1 1

Carried forward, (Group A),...| 41

H

:

Ι 1

Pand

1

::::ཤེ:::

2

:

:

:

1

:

15

16

:

:

1

1

1

1

1

23

3

-~-

1

1

1 2

3

:

1

1

1

:

Hia

2

10

5

6 2 7

1

C?

2

10

13

6

-}

29

00

8

2

41 136 15

68 66 44

57

94 151

30 8

1 102

L

3

6

N

co Or

19 15

4

:

2

28 30 3 3 15

2: 28

punet

...

**

441

-

Kow- SHAUKI- ABER-

LOON DIS-

WAN DIS-

DEEN DIS-

STANLEY DIS-

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1897.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Laud

Population.

Boat

Population.

01

4

1

:

3 4

:

:

:

:

:

69 26 72

33

9

4

:

8

со

:

:

101

1

60 77

2124

11 13 1

D.

:

:

:

:

:

-

-

4

:

:

:

:

d

:

:

:

9 14

101

60

"

=

2

36 24

J

13

N

6

561

N

T

C

21

اللهم

:

10) 10 5 2411 48...

10

3 144 1 156 10 177 22 398 5 124 378 1

1

8

Co

00

1

4

:

Co

:

Non-Chinese.

Under 1

Chinese.

month.

Non-Chinese.

1 month and

Chinese.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

Non-Chinese.

under 12

mouths.

under 5

years.

1 year and

under 15

years.

5 years and

15 years and under 25

1113 1 721

1

51 1 25 6 32

14

5

10

الم

1

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

25 years and under 45

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese,

under 60 45 years and

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

and over. 60 years

...

15

Jad

8 3 34 2 22 2 60...

218 3 95 1

73 5 4615 89 3

42 3

17

12

Co Co

22

10

29 4 65... 53 3 117 2

co co

341 35

Q

1

11

32

...

47...

1...

40...107...

81 5122 7290 2

...

14... 9

79... 61

:

3

1

21...

9...

1 5 61

3 144 1 156 10 177 22 398 5 124 3 78 1

19 10 N

|ww.wand

OD

фото

2

10

139

1,190

6

:

Gl...

:

:

:

:

Jorated

:

11...

2

r

5

1

15

51

17

1

2

1

25

21

1

:

1

:

:

2

::

}

1

6

Age

Unknown.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

GRAND

TOTAL.

303

304

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

CAUSES.

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

Civil.

Army.

VICTORIA.

HEALTH DISTRICT,

Navy.

No. 1.

No. 2.

No. 8.

No. 4.

No. 5.

No. 6.

No. 7.

No. 10.

Unknown.

Peak.

Harbour.

Brought forward, (Group A.),... 41

8

ลง

2

41 136

15

888

68

66 44 57 94 154 30 8 1 102

General Diseases,—Continued.

Effects of Injuries,-Continued.

Brought forward............. 12 4

2

Wounds (Undefined),

1

Bullet Wound of heart (accident),

Starvation,

Exhaustion,

i_a

5 6

2

7

1

2

10

13

6 :

1

29

1

1

1

3

1

2

1

13

4

3 6 7

2 7

2

3

10

16 7 8 2 1 29

(4)-Errors of Diet.

Alcoholism,

1

1

Delirium Tremens,

1

2

1

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

Total Group B,.............. 15

C.-Developmental Diseases.

Immaturity at Birth,

Debility,

Old Age,

"

Marasmus and Atrophy,

Cleft Palate,

Hæmorrhage from Umbilicus,

Rickets,

Total Group C,......

D.-Miscellaneous Diseases.

Anemia,

Tuberculosis,

Diabetes,

Scrofula,

Purpura Hæmorrhagica,

Facial Abscess,

Cancer (Undefined),

of Mouth,

of Stomach,

of Peritoneum,

of Liver,

""

33

Sarcoma,

Dermoid Cyst,

of Brain,

Leprosy,

Epistaxis,

Lymphadenomata,

Total Group D,.......

II.-Local Diseases.

10

3 6 9 2 9 3

CO

3

10

16 23 8 2 1

30

1

2 16 1 3

2

9 11

9

1

88

12 53

2

1

CO⠀

3

1

13

2

NAN

2

8

со

:..

:

2000 720

3 7

CO 2 10

12 3 11

5

2

16 127

19

64 18

8 15

16

1 1

2

1

1

1

1

2

1

1

# 19

10

5

88333

1

1

...

:

:

8

2 00 00 14d

14

1

1

1

1

Ι

3

1

Ι

10

5

1

:

1

2

1

1

}

1

N

1 6

6

3

6

2

2

4

10 8

3

2

:

4

A.-The Nervous System.

Meningitis,

1

1

Co

6

Septic,

1

Apoplexy,..

:

1

I

2

Paraplegia,

1

2

3

4

3

6

3

3

Hemiplegia,

Paralysis (Undefined),

of Insane,

Infantile Convulsions,

Tetanus,

Trismus,

Epilepsy,

2

1

10

I

5

:

Carried forward, (General Diseases),... 69

28

2

1.

27

1

4 130

1205

11

40 8 4

5

4

1

35 111

1

:

ନା

N

1

1

6 344

48 160

19 14

14

26 26

11 3

1

9

14 5 64 278

42 144

93

3333

57

86 136 218 46

12

2 150

?

Samand

J

14

16

138 102

44

36

3223

7

78

68

23

1

10

:

:

30

:

33

N

N

4

4

2:

22 24

19

:

2

to

N

6

1

4

2

133 102

95

44

36 22

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31st DAY OF DECEMBER, 1897,-Continued,

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

Kow- SHAUKI- ABER-

STANLEY

LOON DIS-

WAN DIS-

DEEN

DIS-

DIS-

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

1 month and

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

Non.Chinese.

Chinese.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

Under 1

month.

under 12

months.

year and under 5

years.

under 60

years.

Non-Chinese.

5 years and under 15

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

15 years and under 25

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

25 years and under 45

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

45 years and

Chinese.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

60 years

and over.

Non-Chinese.

Age

Chinese.

Unknown.

IN

ос

Or

23

5 78 6 174 4 259 2 187 15 214 38 487 8 169 8 219 2

3

4 369 6 110 2 185 1

29 4

6 6 21

2 23 3

11

782

2

13 8 10

3

5 370 6111 2186 1

31 4

:

1

91.

5

:

:

:

:

N

N

:

76-22 2 24 3

3 484 51 1

1

4 525 52 1

NA

16 4 12

25

2 13 28

21 3

23 1 61

1105 1131

16

4

20 3

79 8274

1159

541

1

20

24

C

Οι

N

:

>

:

2 59

:

43 6 55

JEN 10

:

:

N

w

198

19

·

السمير

45 4 107 9359 6 290 2 212 1

N

C

8

Jan N

10

1

7 63 1

65...

25 1 24 6 80 9 56 3 41

5 78 6 174 4 259 2 187 15 214 38 487 8 169 8 219 2

- CO

CO

01

:

389

2

1,877

3

13

N

:

6

5

4

305

1,144

16

:

:

:

1 4

1

11

H

:

:

128

1

1

I

1

1

2

1

1

137

791

2

1,877

1

1

GRAND TOTAL.

305

306

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

CAUSES.

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

Civil.

Army.

Navy.

No. 1.

VICTORIA.

HEALTH DISTRICT.

No. 4.

No. 5.

No. 6.

No. 7.

No. 8.

No. 9.

No. 10.

Unknown.

69

14

5 64 278

42 144

93 57 86 136 218 46 12

t

*qG0K

Harbour.

2 150

74

10

26

11

22

1

27

2

-

2:2

37 10

1 19

4

74

10 26

11

10 22 27 37

10

5 1 19

Brought forward, ( General Diseases),.

Local Diseases,Continued.

Brought forward,...... 25

The Digestive System,-Continued.

Stricture of Pylorus,

Hæmorrhage from Piles,

Ulcerative Colitis,

E.-- The Urinary System.

Acute Nephritis,

Bright's Disease,

Albuminuria,

Calculus in Bladder,

Rupture of Bladder,.

of Urethra,..

"

F--The Generative System.

Uterine Fibroid Tumour,

Abscess of Prostate,

Ovariotomy,

Menorrhagia,

4

1

10 10:

5

1

5

3

G.-Affections connected with Pregnancy.

Abortion,

Premature Labour,

4

:

:

H.-Affections connected with

Child-birth,

Parturition.

Rupture of Uterus,

Laceration of Perineum,

I-The Skin.

2

:

Cellulitis of Neck,

Carbuncle,

J.-Diseases of Organs of Locomotion.

Hip Joint Disease,

Caries of Spine,

Necrosis of Spine,

of Bones,

و"

Dropsy,

III.-Undefined.

Abscess (Undefined),

:

:

1

*

10

1

3

6

2 5

10

4

7

:

:

:

1

N

::

1

:

:

1

:

I

1

1

:

:

1

1

:

:

:

:

2 2 1 2 4

1

2

Ι

:

:

:

:

:

:.

:

:

}

1

:

Q

2

CJ

2

2 1 2 4

1

1

I

2

:

:

:

:

:

:

1

:

:

:

:

1

1 2

1

2

8

∞ :-

:

9

1

akke m

1

1

1

1

12 80 8

ai a

6 6

CO

3

37

6

3

12

10

14 82 10 14 8 4 3 10 10 3 2

13

GRAND TOTAL,..... 176 20

8 135 934 135 478 217 147 200 319 438 (104

40

4 304

of Thigh,

of Foot,

""

Tumour (Undefined),

Sores,

Exposure,

Unknown,

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31sT DAY OF DECEMBER, 1897,-Continued.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

Kow- SHACKI- ABER-

STANLEY

LOON DIS-

WAN DIS-

DEEN

DIS-

DIS-

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

Under 1

month.

1 month and under 12

months.

17

101

60 77

36 24

11

13

E

-

السير

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

6

ત્ય

2

14 5 2 1

11 15

...

13 15

1

6 11

15 14

ed

5

2 ∞

2 1 1

21 26

10

سر

:

21

2

:

∞ N

10

5

3

3

:

:

نجر

:

:

:00 -

133

10

10 10

22

222

2

:

-

00

8

30 4 13 8

138

00

10

102 95 44 36

TO

:

:

Non-Chinese.

1 year and under 5

Chinese.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

5 years and

Chinese.

under 15

years.

Non-Chinese.

15 years and under 25

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

25 years and under 45

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

45 years and under 60

years.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

and over. 60 years

Non-Chinese.

Age

Chinese.

Unknown.

15 61 3 144 1 156 10 177 22 398 5124 3 78 1

:

51

...

6

10

10 5 24 11

48...

3

9

14

:

:

91...

1

44...

10 I 24

3 17... 76

2

00.

:

16...

ཁ:3 ; :

4 72 1102

92

10

3

22

22

23

·

N

10 5 25 13 51 ...

17 1

N

OF

2

N

2 1

307

GRAND TOTAL.

N

25 14 61 2 23 1

31 2

2

10

CY

2

N

السحيم

13

11 1 24

2109

...

46

2

12 3133

435

2 1

10 2 21 1

14

4 97

I

2 354

N

251

N

C

· O

--

4

...

13

13

12

4

6

2

11

1

1

5

10 1

70

: 07

:

2 16 3

་་་

3

...

:

الصبر

*

4 369 6 110 2185 1 29 4

6 6 21 2 23 3 11...

1 5 78 6 174 4259 2187 15 214 38 487 8 169 8 219 2

10 10 10

1

292

5

365

10

5

782

:

2

1,877

30S

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

CAUSES.

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

VICTORIA.

HEALTH DISTRICT.

8 Civil.

14

64 278

42 144 93 57

86136 218

46

12

Q

150

Army.

Navy.

No. 1.

No. 2.

No. 3.

No. 4.

No. 5.

No. 6.

| No. 7.

No. 8.

No. 9.

No. 10.

Unknown.

Peak.

Harbour.

Brought forward, ( General Diseases),... 69

Local Diseases,—Continued.

The Nervous System,-Continued.

Mania,

Dementia,

Idiocy,

Chorea,

Spina Bifida,

Hydrocephalus,

Myelitis,

Brought forward,

27 1

6 344

48 160 19 14

14

26

26

3 Ι

1

Ι

B.-The Circulatory System.

Heart Disease,

Fatty Degeneration of Heart,

Cardiac Malformation,....

Aneurysm (Aortic),..

(Undefined),

Pericarditis,

Embolism,

Syncope,

Ulceration of Femoral Artery (Hæmorrhage),...

C.-The Respiratory System.

Trachaeitis,

Bronchitis,

Pneumonia,

Phthisis,

Pleurisy,

Asthma,

Gangrene of Lungs,

Hæmoptysis,.

Catarrh,

Empyema,

Pulmonary Atelectasis,

28

1

:

1

1

1

1

6 348

48 160 19

14 15

28

26 11

7 1

6 11

1

a

1

1

:

1 6

6 12

CO

3

1 10

10

5

8 9 5 10

15 19

3

3

11

:

1

1

1

::

10

5

10 9 5

10

1

11 15

20

3

3

12

1

:6

21

49 2 17

22 15

7

11

1

5

4

2

17 70

13 96

::

16 23

43

13

25

3 9

6

2

2

43 33 38 61

65

10

59

1

1

2

1

2

2

25

2 1 39 126 17 119 67

52

57 95 116

27

14

:

87

D.-The Digestive System.

Gangrene of Mouth,

2

:

of Face,

1

Necrosis of Jaw,

Dentition,

Quinsy,

Gastritis,

Diarrhoea,

Melæna,

Sprue,

Enteritis,

Appendicitis,

Colic,......

8

2

1

4

: *

66 8 20 8

1

1

1

1

2

1

1

7

17

19 30

5

1

17

Hernia,

""

(Strangulated),

Peritonitis,

Hepatitis,

Icterus,

Cirrhosis of Liver,

Abscess of Liver,

Lardaceous Liver,

Cholecystitis,

Ascites,

Gall Stones,

2

1

3

1

2 1

2

1

2

2

1

:

25 2

1

4 74

10 26 11

9

10

5

64 278

42 144

333

93

57

22 27 37

86 136 218

10

10

5

1 19

46 12

2 150

Carried forward, (General Diseases),... 69 14

Co

19

24

22

28

322 216 193

3

心:

00

8

3

10

2

97

78

:

2

Kow- SHAUKI- ABER-

LOON

WAN

DEEN

DIS-

DIS-

DIS-

STANLEY DIS-

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

TRICT.

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31sT DAY OF DECEMBER, 1897,-Continued.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Non-Chinese.

138 102

95 44 36

41

14 24 16

41

14 24 16

151

::

:

пр

7

:

-

22

22

23

th

Under 1

Chinese.

mouth.

Non-Chinese.

1 month and

Chinese.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

under 12

months.

1 year and

under 5

years.

Non-Chinese.

5 years and

Chinese.

under 15

years.

Non-Chinese.

15 years and under 25

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

25 years and under 45

Chinese.

years.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese,

under 60 45 years and

years.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

and over. 60 years

78 6 174 4 259 2 187 15 214 38 487 8 169 8 219 2 2

Age

Unknown.

Non-Chinese.

Chinese.

7

7 63 1 65

25 1 24 6 80 9 56 3 41

389

...

1

1

N W

...

77 63 1 651

25 1 25 6 80 11 56 3 41...

N

:

1

1

2

5 1

8 1

17 1 8 1

50

:

::

:

:

:

::

J

:

:

:..

:

:

:

3

:

:

::

:

:

:

I

:

:

:

:

FF.

:

:

::

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

CI

10

12

:

2

31

:

-

:

:

...

:

...

:

15... 13...

...

15...

·15 ...

་་་

:

...

31...

20 1 53 1 74

18 1

51 3 15

:

10

2

H

23 1

19

77 1 21 1

6 3 231

13 2 7

6

713483 20 455 14 618 6 321 25 382 671,062 34 61421 511 3

00

:

:

1

:

3 1

5

::

:

:

:..

:

~

--ON

N

29

2

39

I

6

392

1,877

GRAND TOTAL.

309

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER OF DEATHS THAT OCCURRED IN THE UNDERMENTIONED INSTITUTIONS, During the Year ended the 31st day of December, 1897.

310

TUNG WA HOSPITAL.

ITALIAN Convent.

ASILE DE LA STE. ENFANCE.

Causes.

No.

Causes.

No.

Causes.

No.

Causes.

No.

Brought forward,..

614

Simple Continued Fever,

10

Dysentery,

2

Small-pox.

26

Apoplexy,

28

Remittent Fever,

2

Intermittent Fever,.

11

Dysentery,

74

Hemiplegia,

5

Intermittent Fever,...

8

Remittent Fever,

13

Simple Continued Fever,

1

Paraplegia,

4

Old Age,

6

Malarial Fever,

30

Bubonic Fever (Plague),

6

Paralysis (Undefined),

2

Marasmus and Atrophy,....

67

Pyæmia,

8

Intermittent Fever,

95

Convulsions,

26

Convulsions,

44

Syphilis,

3

Remittent Fever,

163

Trismus,

8

Trismus,

143

Burns,

1

Fever (Undefined),

2

Tetanus,

2

Scrofula,

2

Cleft Palate,

2

Beri-Beri,

123

Epilepsy,

4

Asthma,

1

Debility,

2

Septicæmia,

3

Myelitis,

1

Phthisis,

65

Old Age,

2

Puerperal Fever,

2

New Growth of Brain,

1

Diarrhoea,

11

Atrophy,

89

Syphilis,

ة

Heart Disease,

89

Sore Throat,

Immaturity at Birth,

10

Worms,

Aneurysm,

1

Sores,

Hemorrhage from Umbilicus,

1

Opium Poisoning,

Epistaxis,

I

Dropsy,

Tuberculosis,

1

Asphyxia,......

Ulceration of Femoral Artery,

1

Unknown,

Dermoid Cyst,.

1

Suffocation in hold of Sbip,

1

Bronchitis,

59

Meningitis,

8

Burns, .

1

Gangrene of Lungs,

1

Sunstroke,

Phthisis,

303

Convulsions,

Trismus,

118

205

Drowning,

Pleurisy,

1

Idiocy,

1

Fracture of Skull,

Asthma,

3

Chorea,..

1

of Ribs,.

Pneumonia,.

34

Spina Bifida,

1

""

of Tibia,

1

Homoptysis,

2

Hydrocephalus,

1

Starvation,

3

Empyema,

1

Heart Disease,.

1

.....

Bronchitis,

10

Cut-throat,

Dentition,

Immaturity at Birth,

Gastritis,

3

Pneumonia,

1

Debility,

25

Diarrhoea

129

Phthisis,

4.

Old Age,

Cirrhosis of Liver,

Catarrh,

1

Atrophy,

Hepatic Abscess,

1

Diarrhoea,.

48

Anæmia,

12

Malignant Tumour of Liver,

Enteritis,

2

Tuberculosis,

Peritonitis,

5

Ascites,

Adenomata of Neck,

Gangrenous Stomatitis,

Icterus,.

1

Purpura Hæmorrhagica,

Tonsilitis,

Gangrenous Stomatitis,

Ulcerative Stomatitis,

1

Cancer (Undefined),

Icterus,

of Stomach,

Gangrene of Mouth,

1

Melaena,

"

of Rectum,

Hæmorrhage from Piles,

1

Nephritis,...

4

of Liver,

Bright's Disease,

23

Bright's Disease,..

3

"

Sarcoma (Undefined),

2

Albuminuria,

1

of Sup. Maxilla,

Caries of Spine,

2

of Brain,..

1

Necrosis of Spine,

Hip Joint Disease, Abscess,

Unknown,

1

2

64

Scrofula,

1

Abscess of Thigh,

1

Meningitis,

27

Dropsy,

""

Septic,

1

Unknown,

4

614

Total,..

1,375

Total,

375

Total,...........

657

Carried forward,.................

FRANCIS W. CLARK, Superintendent of Statistics.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Registrar General.

:

;

}

311

Report of the Sanitary Surveyor for the year 1897.

PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT,

HONGKONG, March 11th, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to forward herewith my annual report for the year 1897.

NEW HOUSE DRAINS.

1. Plans have been deposited and passed by me during the year for the redrainage of 803 houses, The plans of 1,023 houses were carried forward from 1896 making a total of 1,826 in hand during

the year.

2. The redrainage of 1,201 houses has been completed, and the plans for 35 houses have been cancelled during the year, leaving 590 carried forward to 1898.

3. In addition to the above, notices for repairs or additions to the drainage arrangements of 72 houses were carried forward from 1896 and new notices for 233 houses were received, making a total of 305 for the year. Of these, 241 have been completed, 2 have been cancelled, and 62 are carried forward.

4. A summary of the above is appended in Tables A, B, and C.

The records have been maintained and are complete to date.

INSPECTION OF PRIVATE DRAINS.

5. The work of inspecting private house drains has not been proceeded with to any great extent during the past year. This work was considerably ahead of the redrainage which follows on such inspections, and as there were also a large number of houses in hand for redrainage, I considered it advisable to bring these redrainage works more up to date before proceeding with the systematic inspections. Wherever the necessity arose, however, to inspect one or more houses in a block, oppor- tunity was taken to inspect and report upon the entire block.

I

6. The following is a table of all the work done under this heading: --

(a) Houses that have been inspected and reported upon -Üld drains,.

3,664

New drains,

*

3,662

!

(b) Houses in respect of which orders have been recommended to and approved by

the Board,

7,326

5,474

(c) Number of houses for which notices have been served,

5,474

F

(d) Number of houses that have complied with notices, (e) Number of houses with regard to which plans or notices for redrainage or repairs

have been submitted,

4,779

5,228

(f) Number of houses in which drains have been found defective

Old drains,.......... New drains,

3,662

38

3,700

WATER CLOSETS.

7. During the past year water closets and urinals have been erected by permission of the Board and connected to the house drains in the following buildings :-

Connaught Road, Hongkong Club..

Water Closets. Urinals.

16 seats.

11

Messrs. Butterfield & Swire's Offices,

7

5

>>

"

Des Vœux Road, Cricket Ground,

2

NEW BUILDINGS.

8. Certificates have been granted during the year to 400 houses and 8 additions as having been built in accordance with the provisions of Section 74, Ordinance 24 of 1887.

CEMETERIES.

9. The Mount Caroline is the only cemetery which has been dealt with by me during the year. Terraces have been formed on the hillside to accommodate 163 graves, most of which are already filled;

further terraces are in course of construction.

GENERAL.

10. The number of houses redrained during the year was not so great as during the two previous years, this being accounted for by the systematic inspection of houses being temporarily stopped. The number of new buildings inspected and certified is nearly equal to those of last year and in excess of the preceding four years.

312

Permission has been granted in fewer instances for the erection of water closets and. urinals, and it has been almost entirely for new business premises on the Reclamation. With an ample water supply such as I trust now exists the water carriage system is far cleanlier and more sanitary than the system of hand removal where dry earth is not applied. It is worthy of note that in 1870 the Rivers Pollution Commission (Mersey and Ribble) reported that slop-waters from kitchens containing animal and vegetable refuse rapidly becomes more offensive and contrary to what at first sight would seem to be the case, it is quite as strong and as foul as the sewage from a water-closeted town. If this be so then the community would not suffer by the introduction of water-closets into European houses, and there is no question as to their being a great convenience.

STAFF.

11. Mr. BRYAN, assistant Sanitary Surveyor, arrived August 20th, and commenced his duties. I regret to record the death of Mr. PORTARIA in the Government Civil Hospital on June 21st. This officer was always most painstaking and trustworthy.

Mr. SMALL was engaged July 1st to fill the vacancy caused by Mr. PORTARIA's death. He has discharged his duties to my entire satisfaction.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

H. MCCALLUM, Esq.,

Secretary, Sanitary Board.

Year.

No. of Houses re-drained.

Table A.

J. R. CROOK.

No. of Houses Plans of which have been cancelled.

No. of Houses for which Plans

Total.

have been received.

No. of Houses in hand.

1897.

1st Quarter,

401

7

408

Plans

2nd

147

1

148

for

1896.

3rd

52

8

60

4th

189

10

5

194

*"

789

21

810

1,023

1st Quarter,

31

1

32

215

213

Plans 2nd.

for 1897. 3rd

61

61

195

:

"

35

35

182

"

4th

285

13

298

211

"

412

14

426

803

377

1,201

35

1,236

Table B.

Year.

No. of Houses for which Plans have

No. of Houses re-drained.

No. of Houses Plans of which have been

been received.

cancelled.

1,826

590

No. of Houses

carried forward

No. of new Houses granted

each year.

certificates.

1889,

1890,

1891,

1892,

1893,

1894,

1895,

1896,

1897,

799

573

:

226

175

500

529

190

409

681

643

30

198

475

693

577

106

208

228

847

699

104

252

219

878

555

8

567

46

2,815

1,889

14

1,449

131

1,786

2,128

84

1,023

425

803

1,201

35

590

400

Total,....

9,802

8,794

418

2,508

Table C.

Year.

No. of Houses for which notices have been received.

No. of repairs completed.

1896, Brought Forward,

72

1st Quarter,

86

96

2nd

72

1897,

,,

233

89

49

3rd

34

5

""

4th

41

91

"9

305

241

""

""

Total for 1895,

1896, 1897,

158

115

328

290

233

241

Totals,

719

646

313

No. of Houses notices

for which have

No. of repairs

in hand.

been cancelled.

30:

2

11

2

82*8

62

43

72

62

Colonial Veterinary Surgeon's Report for 1897.

GOVERNMENT OFFICES, HONGKONG, 24th February, 1898.

SIR, I have the honour to submit, for the information of the Sanitary Board, my Annual Report for the year ending December 31, 1897.

I have the honour to be,

The Secretary,

SANITARY BOARD.

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

C. VIVIAN LADDS, Colonial Veterinary Surgeon.

REPORT.

IMPORTATION OF LIVE STOCK.

During the year no cases of contagious or infectious disease amongst animals were noticed until the month of November when a serious epidemic of Foot-and-Mouth disease broke out at the Dairy Farm Company's premises at Pokfulum, and, spreading rapidly, very soon all the cow-sheds and cattle depôts in the Colony became infected.

As the disease appeared in the different sheds, these premises were declared infected areas by the Board under the provisions of Bye-laws Nos. 12 and 13 of Schedule 4 of Ordinance No. 17 of 1887, and the removal therefrom of any animal, carcase, fodder, litter, utensil, or other thing therein was prohibited unless with the sanction of the Board.

Simultaneously with the outbreak in the Colony, the disease appears to have become general upon the mainland-all over the Canton district. In the Colony the disease assumed a comparatively mild type, but amongst the native cattle upon the mainland reports reached me that in many cases it was most virulent, numbers of animals losing their hoofs, and many dying.

I was not, however, able to confirm these reports, and coming as they did from native sources it is very probable that the numerous deaths referred to were due to rinderpest, and not foot-and-mouth disease at all.

How the disease became conveyed to Pokfulum there is no evidence to show, but possibly in straw, which is procured in large quantities from the mainland.

In the case of the outbreak at the cattle depôt it was most likely introduced by infected cattle being landed from Canton whilst in the incubative stage of the disease.

Under the present system all cattle which are imported for slaughter are, upon being landed, driven direct to the permanent depôts, and, though apparently healthy, they may yet be in the incubative stage of disease and so communicate it to all the rest of the animals which may be already housed therein. Whereas a quarantine period of at least 12 to 24 hours would give latent disease time to develop, and thus reveal its existence, or in any case show that the animal was not in perfect health, and so lead to its further detention for observation.

Hence the importance of having proper Inspection Lairs at the landing-place in which cattle. could be isolated for at least 12 to 24 hours previous to their inspection and possible admittance into the permanent cattle depôt. I have repeatedly urged the necessity of such lairs from time to time, but regret that so far nothing has been done to give effect to my recommendations.

}

:

314

I here quote an extract from my annual report for the year 1892:

"There is nothing to prevent a similar outbreak * in Hongkong sooner or later unless something is done to provide a proper Inspection Lair to which all cattle should be driven directly upon landing, there to remain at least 12 hours before being inspected and passed into the permanent depôts, or elsewhere. This is the method adopted in the United Kingdom and other countries, and even then occasional cases of disease escape detection and so cause wide-spreading outbreaks which are difficult to check-hence it will be easy to understand the risk which is run here-with no Inspection Lair at all.

I reported to the Board upon the danger thus incurred as far back as 1888."

DEPÔTS.

With the exception of the outbreak referred to above, the health of the animals housed in the depôts was good. The total number of cattle admitted into the depôt at Kennedy Town was 19,357; of these 147 head were rejected as unfit for slaughtering purposes, whilst at the Kowloon cattle depôt 2,243 animals were admitted, and 119 rejected.

In the swine depôt at Kennedy Town 125,650 animals were admitted, and at the Kowloon depôt 12,726 were passed in. 25,977 sheep were also housed at Kennedy Town depôt during the year, and 592 at Kowloon.

SLAUGHTER-HOUSES.

Victoria and Kowloon.--These two buildings are both in a good state of repair and amendment and will meet all requirements for some time to come.

Shaukiwan.-This slaughter-house is still a temporary matshed erection, although as far back as 890 I recommended that a suitable building be erected in accordance with the provisions of Section 8 of Ordinance No. 17 of 1887.

Aberdeen--is still without a proper slaughter-house, yet in my report for 1890 I remember recommending that a permanent building be erected at Aberdeen to meet the requirements of this place, Aplichau, and Little Hong Kong.

The total number of animals slaughtered for the year ending December 31, 1897, at Kennedy Town, Kowloon, Shaukiwan, and Aberdeen was as follows:-

District of Slaughter-house.

Kennedy Town,

Kowloon,

Shaukiwan,

Aberdeen,

Total,

Number of Number of Number of

Cattle.

Sheep.

Swine.

17,970

13,634

119,463

2,124

592

12,726

...

3,783

1,776

20,094

14,226

137,748

In order to show the large increase in the number of animals slaughtered each year since I took over the charge of these places in 1887, I insert a list giving the total number for the past 10 years. The decrease in the number of swine killed during the year 1894, I attribute to the Plague epidemic of that year, and it will be seen that its effects may also be traced into the two following years. From the number of swine slaughtered during the past year it may be inferred that the native population has considerably increased of late.

Annual list of animals slaughtered for the past ten years, from 1888 to 1897.

Year.

Cattle.

Sheep.

Swine.

1888,

15,972

9,420

117,432

1889.

17,863

10,110

119,856

1890,

18,519

10,091

123,833

1891,

18,218

9,673

122,942

!

1892.

18,180

11,571

126,766

>

1893,

17,866

11,770

131,298

1894.

16,898

10,937

125,725

1895,

19,218

12,592

129,035

1896,

19,546

14,693

129,103

1897,

20,094

14,226

137,748

Total,......

182,374

115,083

1,263,738

* This refers to an outbreak of rinderpest at Kobe when the milk supply of that settlement was entirely cut off,

315

:

COW-SHEDS.

With the exception of Foot-and-Mouth disease which broke out in nearly every cow-shed in the Colony, and is referred to previously in this report under the heading "Importation of Live Stock," no cases of infectious or contagious disease have occurred in any of these places.

Although as far back as 1889 I recommended that no cow-sheds be licensed by the Board within the precincts of the City, I regret to note that nothing has yet been done to consider or carry out my suggestion.

-

MARKETS.

Central. This building is in a good state of repair and amendment, and most of the shops and stalls are let.

The Western Market is an old, insanitary structure, does not at all meet present requirements, and is altogether unfitted to be used as a public market.

On pointing this out in my annual report for 1890 a Committee of the Board considered the question, and in a report dated May 19, 1891, recommended that the market be re-built; but no steps appear to be taken to carry out their recommendation.

Saiyingpoon. My remarks upon the Western Market apply equally to this one.

The building is old and inconvenient and far too small to meet the wants of the district which it supplies. Shektongtsui, Wanchai, Sokonpoo, Yaumati and Hung Hom Markets are all in a good state of repair and meet all present wants.

Shaukiwan.-This building is in a good state of repair, but is too small. In my annual report for 1889 I pointed this out, and recommended that accommodation for at least thirty more stalls be provided.

STAFF.

On November 7 I returned to the Colony from leave and took over my duties from Inspector FISHER, who resumed those of his appointment at Kennedy Town, Inspector WATSON going back to the Markets as Inspector of Markets.

I am pleased to be in a position to state that both these officers performed their duties in a very satisfactory manner during my absence.

Watchman MAHER resigned on January 31, and Watchman DAHLING was appointed in his stead. No other changes of importance took place in the staff and the general routine work appears to have gone on smoothly.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

:

The Secretary,

SANITARY Board.

C. VIVIAN LADDS.

1

HONGKONG.

201

No. 16 98

SECRETARY OF STATE'S DESPATCH RESPECTING SPEECHES DELIVERED AT THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL MEETING ON THE 25TH JANUARY, 1898.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

HONGKONG. No. 62.

DOWNING STREET,

7th March, 1898.

SIR,

I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON'S despatch No. 20 of the 26th of January, enclosing an extract from The Daily Press containing a report of the speeches delivered at a meeting of the Legislative Council held on the 25th of that month.

2. I have read the report of the proceedings on this occasion with much interest, and am gratified to observe that the services rendered by Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON to the Colony of Hongkong appear to have been so thoroughly appreciated by the Council.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient

The Officer Administering the Government of

HONGKONG.

humble Servant,

J. CHAMBERLAIN.

J

249

No. 23

98

HONGKONG.

REPORTS ON THE HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

:

(From The General Officer Commanding in China and Hongkong to His Excellency

the Officer Administering the Government, Hongkong.)

HEAD QUARTER OFFICE, HONGKONG, 30th April, 1898.

SIR,-I have the honour to enclose the Commandant's report of the training of the Hongkong, Volunteer Corps for the season 1897-98.

2. I made the annual inspection of the Corps on the 14th instant, when the men turned out well and looked healthy and fit for work; with one exception they performed their drill on the uneven parade ground in a satisfactory manner.

3. The 7-pr. Guns, Maxims, Arms, and Equipment appear to be in a serviceable condition, but I understand from the Commandant's report that the carbines are old and worn out. I have already communicated with the Colonial Government on this subject and recommended that the Corps be re-armed with either the 303 Lee-Metford Carbine or the Martini-Enfield Carbine.

4. I observe, with great pleasure, that Gun Practice with the Field Battery and Maxim Guns has taken place far more frequently than in any former drill season, that the members of both units take great interest in these practices and are shooting better; which is after all the main object of Volunteer training.

5. The annual camp of instruction at Stonecutters' Island was again well attended in October, and the Commandant's report shows that the practical duties of Outpost, Reconnoitreing, Field Firing, etc., practised there have borne good results, in addition to which the nine days outing is greatly appreciated by all ranks and doubtless helps recruiting and engenders a soldierly spirit.

6. Several men were absent from the General Inspection Parade.

7. I recognize the zeal and energy of Major Sir JOHN CARRINGTON, and am glad to find that he is so well supported by the Officers and Non-Commissioned Officers under his command in all that concerns the welfare of the Corps; in fact, the smallness of numbers is the main fault that can be urged against the Hongkong Volunteers,—a shortcoming which, I trust, all ranks will do their best to remedy.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

:

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS. TRAINING 1897-98.

Your obedient Servant,

W. BLACK, Major-General.

(From the Commandant, Hongkong Volunteers Corps, to the Deputy Assistant Adjutant General (A) and Chief Staff Officer, China.)

VOLUNTEER HEAD QUARTERS,

HONGKONG, 18th April, 1898.

1. Nominal Roll of Efficients,

Field Battery.

SIR,I have the honour to forward herewith the documents mentioned in the margin relating to the training of the Hongkong Volunteer Corps "A" Machine Gun Com- for the season 1897-98 for the information of His Excellency the General

2. Nominal Roll of Efficients,

pany.

3. Report on Gun Practice, Field Officer Commanding and for favour of transmission to His Excellency the

Battery.

4. Report on Gun Practice, "A"

Machine Gun Company.

5. Musketry Return, Field Bat-

tery.

6. Musketry Return, "A" Ma- chine Gun Company.

Governor.

ESTABLISHMENT.

2. A comparison of Enclosure No. 9 with the corresponding document for the training of 1896-97 shows that the total strength of the Corps is now Officers and Staff Sergeants. 176, of all ranks as against 159 of all ranks at the former date. This is the 8. Copy of Inspection State.

7. Return of Revolver Practice of

9. State of Corps, 16th April, 1898. greatest strength to which the Corps has yet attained since its re-organization

in 1893.

250

During the season 4 members have died, 1 has been dismissed, 1 has been struck off the strength, and 32 have resigned. Of the resigning members 20 have left the Colony, and 3 have been discharged on medical certificate. 55 new members have been enrolled.

The Field Battery now numbers 120, as compared with an Establishment of 80 as fixed by the existing Regulations of the Corps.

The "A" Machine Gun Company has, I believe for the first time, been recruited up to its full strength, and now numbers 51 of all ranks.

The establishment of the Corps makes provision for three Machine Gun Companies, and the requisite guns for them all are in stock. It was hoped that during the season another Company might have been formed, but no steps have been taken in this direction for two reasons; first, because it was thought desirable to await the coming into force of the proposed new Regulations, and, secondly, because the local Government has repeatedly and emphatically expressed its desire that no expenditure should take place in excess of the sum voted for the Volunteers.

3. Some months ago a small Drum and Fife Band, consisting of 22 enrolled members of the Corps and 1 unenrolled boy signaller, was formed, principally through the exertions of Battery Sergeant- Major DUNCAN and Sergeant-Druminer HAYWARD. The Band has attained a fair degree of proficiency, and its services are highly appreciated by the members of the Corps.

4. During the season the question of the formation of a small Engineer Company of the Corps has been under consideration, but a final decision has not yet been reached.

5. There have been several changes among the Officers of the Corps during the season. His Excellency Sir W. ROBINSON, G.C.M.G., Honorary Colonel of the Corps, left the Colony and vacated his appointment on the 1st February, 1898.

In the Field Battery Captain J. MCCALLUM, who had been placed on the Supernumerary List, resigned his commission on the 18th January, 1898, on being posted to a Battery of Volunteer Artillery in Scotland. This Officer, whose service dates as far back as May, 1878, has done much good work for the Corps. Lieutenant A. CHAPMAN was promoted Captain to command the Field Battery when Captain MCCALLUM was placed on the Supernumerary List.

"On the 28th November, 1897, Lieutenant W. K. WYLIE died, under melancholy circumstances, to the great regret of all ranks of the Corps. The vacancy caused by his death was filled on the 3rd February, 1898, by the appointment of Mr. M. W. SLADE to be Lieutenant.

Lieutenant H. E. DENSON, who was, on the 21st March, 1896, seconded for a period of two years, was struck off the strength of the Corps from the 21st March, 1898, as being absent without leave.

6. In the "A" Machine Gun Company Sergeant E. D. SANDERS was gazetted Captain on the 22nd July, 1897, in succession to Captain C. M. ADAMSON, resigned, and Sergeant G. C. FULLerton was gazetted Lieutenant on the 30th April, 1897, in succession to Lieutenant A. McP. Marshall, resigned.

DISCIPLINE, TRAINING, AND INSTRUCTION.

7. The discipline of the Corps has been uniformly good throughout the season.

8. The usual drills and musketry practices have been well attended. Under this head the figures for the two units are severally as follows:-

Field Battery-

74 have become Efficient with more than 40 drills.

21 have become Efficient with less than 40 drills. 25 are Non-Efficients.

120

"A" Machine Gun Company→→→

26 have become Efficient with more than 40 drills. 12 have become Efficient with less than 40 drills. 13 are Non-Efficients.

51

Of the 25 non-efficients in the case of the Field Battery, 2 are absent from the Colony on leave, 7 are absent from the Colony without leave, 4 are recruits who have not had sufficient time since joining to complete their drills, 4 are on medical certificate, and the remaining 8, although in the Colony, have not completed the requisite number of drills.

i

,

+

251

In the case of the 13 non-efficients of the "A" Machine Gun Company, 1 is absent from the Colony on leave, 7 are absent from the Colony without leave, 2 are recruits who have not had sufficient time since joining to complete their drills, 1 is on medical certificate, and the remaining 2, although in the Colony, have not completed the requisite number of drills.

9. In October, 1897, a Camp of Instruction was held under canvas during a period of nine days. on Stonecutters' Island. The use of the Naval Range, of the 64-pounder Gun Battery, and of the Depression Range Finding Instruments on the Island was kindly lent by the Naval and Military Authorities. The Camp was well attended and may be described as successful in every way.

To its success I attribute in great measure the activity in recruiting which prevailed during the latter part of the season. I desire to record my deliberate opinion that the holding of the Annual Camp of Instruction is an important factor in the well-being of the Corps, from the point of view of its popu- larity as well as of its efficiency.

10. A perusal of enclosures 3 and 4 will show that gun practice has taken place more frequently in the past season than in previous years, and there is no doubt that the members of the two units have in consequence become inore efficient in this important branch of their training.

In the various competitions a keen spirit of rivalry has been shown by the several detachments engaged, and the shooting has been for the most part good.

In the 64-pounder Gun Competition which was held at Stonecutters' Island on the 22nd January, 1898, No. 1 detachment, commanded by Sergeant G. C. HAYWARD, again secured the first place.

Competitions have also taken place at Repulse Bay for prizes given by the Honourable J. J. BELLIRVING, Mr. T. JACKSON, and the Commandant. In the case of the "A" Machine Gun Company: the competition was held by detachments on the 12th March, 1898, and resulted in the victory of No. 4 Detachment, commanded by Sergeant E. C. SHEPHERD. The Field Battery held their competi- tion by sections on the 16th instant, when No. 1 section, commanded by Lieutenant W. MACHELL, were the winners.

A report of the 64-pounder Gun Competition was forwarded to His Excellency the General Officer Commanding on the 31st January, 1898; a brief report on all the gun practices during the season was forwarded on the 15th instant; and that of the 7-pounder and Maxim Gun competitions will be forwarded in a few days.

11. A successful Carbine competition in connexion with the Corps was held on the 19th and 26th March, 1898, when a number of prizes were competed for. The members of the Corps are very grateful to the many kind donors of prizes.

12. Revolver practice by the Officers and Staff Sergeants has been continued during the season, and good shooting has generally been made.

13. There have been no operations at a distance from Head Quarters for which it was necessary to employ coolie draught.

SERVICES.

14. Captain L. A. C. GORDON, Royal Artillery, the Adjutant of the Corps, continues to show great interest in the performance of his duties, and in particular the arrangements which he has made and carried out for the several competitions have been satisfactory to all ranks.

During his temporary absence on leave in Japan in 1897, his duties were efficiently performed by Captain A. CHAPMAN.

15. The other officers of the Corps also continue to render excellent service. By their devotion to duty they set an admirable example to the non-commissioned officers and men under their com- mand, and they avail themselves of every opportunity to promote the efficiency of the Corps. The best relations exist between them and the subordinate ranks.

16. Corps Quarter-Master Sergeant G. W. WATLING has rendered very efficient service in connexion with the Camp of Instruction and the several competitions, and in the performance of his duties generally.

17. There have been several changes among the Instructors of the Corps, but I am glad to say that the new as well as the old Instructors have proved themselves painstaking and efficient and have discharged their duties to my entire satisfaction.

18. The non-commissioned officers and men of the Corps have, with few exceptions, attended drills regularly and shown a praiseworthy desire to make themselves smart and efficient. Their conduct and good feeling in Camp and on all other occasions has been exceedingly good. I am especially glad to be able to say that talking in the ranks on parade is much less frequent than it used to be, and I am in hopes that this unsoldierlike practice will soon disappear altogether.

252

REGULATIONS.

19. In my last report I held out the promise that the proposed new Regulations for the Corps. would shortly be drafted and submitted for approval. But I regret to say that the pressure of other duties has prevented me from fulfilling this promise. I am, however, sensible that the matter is one of considerable importance, and I will endeavour to prepare the draft as soon as possible.

MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS.

20. The annual inspection of the Corps by His Excellency the General Officer Commanding took place on the 14th instant. The parade state on that occasion is shown in enclosure No. 8.

21. A course of lectures on ambulance work, accompanied with stretcher drills, has again been held by Surgeon-Lieutenant STEDMAN. 17 members joined the class, 13 of whom presented themselves at the examination, which was conducted by Surgeon-Captain CLARKE, A.M.S. were successful and received certificates of proficiency.

Of the examinates 11

22. I have to request that the Chief Ordnance Officer, China, may again be asked to keep up the usual quantities of Martini-Henry Carbine ball and blank ammunition and of 7-pounder and 64-pounder R.M.L. gun ammunition for the use of the Corps, to be indented for as required on repayment. I have further to beg that the Carbine ammunition may be of the latest date of manufacture.

23. The local Government was good enough to sanction the expenditure of a special sum of $650 for the purchase of carbine ammunition for the purpose of enabling members to procure ammunition for practice at a cheaper rate than that which formerly obtained, namely, at the price of $2.50 per 100 rounds instead of $4.00 per 100 rounds. The result of this liberal measure has been seen in a considerable improvement in the shooting of the Corps, and a large number of recruits have made good progress with their musketry.

24. In my last report I drew attention to the service-worn condition of the Martini-Henry Carbines belonging to the Corps. During the season these weapons were examined by the Ordnance Department, and, with four exceptions, they were all condemned as unfit for service. The question of re-arming the Corps with a more efficient weapon has been engaging the attention of the Imperial and Local Governments, and I trust the proposals which have been made to that end may soon be carried

into effect.

25. A Committee of Officers has been recently engaged in considering the question of the uniform of the several grades of the Corps with a view to its simplification and cheapening; their recommend- ations will be embodied in the new draft Regulations.

26. Requisitions for the Capitation Grant for Efficients have been sent direct to the Honourable the Colonial Treasurer.

27. It will, I think, be gathered from the preceding paragraphs of this report and from the enclosures to it that the progress of the Corps during the season has been steady and continuous. It is true that its course is not free from difficulties, but I am satisfied that, with self-denying effort on the part of the members of the Corps and with good-will and interest on the part of the Government, the Legislature, and the general public, these difficulties will not prevent the Corps from attaining a high standard of efficiency-a standard which, I feel sure, is the aim of all who are connected with it.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

J. W. CARRINGTON, Major, Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

>

i

Corps Number.

Enclosure 1.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

FIELD BATTERY.

Nominal Roll of Efficients for the Year ending 16th April, 1898.

Rank and Name.

Corps Number.

Rank and Name.

Major Carrington, Sir J. W.,

Commandant.

Captain Gordon, L. A. C.,

Royal Artillery, Adjutant.

Surgeon-Captain Lowson, J. A.

"

-Lieutenant Stedman, F. O.,

Medical Officers.

Quarter-Master Sergeant Watling, G. W.,

Corps Quarter-Master Sergeant. (5 Staff.)

Captain Chapman, A.

Lieutenant Machell, W.

145

10

>>

Gunner Crispin, C.

Craddock, H. E.

243

""

Dean, J. T.

238

99

Donaldson, T.

50

""

Ellis, O. J.

267

"

Ellis, D. E.

158

""

Gidley, H.

271

19

242

Gidley, S. M. Giller, H. L.

248

""

148

17

265

""

MacDonald, D.

""

Slade, M. W.

""

220

27

231

"

11

Battery Sergeant-Major Duncan, G. L.

9

144

(4 Officers.)

Battery Quarter-Master Sergeant Coyle, J.

Sergeant-Drummer Hayward, S. W.

200

""

149

"

272

وو

150

18

Sergeant Hayward, G. C.

186

""

118

"

McPhail, H.

269

""

3

Armstrong, J. H. W.

251

""

24

Kennett, H. W.

252

Lammert, L. E.

39

29

34

Purcell, W. H.

223

"

"

119

Henderson, J.

240

**

McIver, M.

109

19

Rutter, R. V.

210

>>

127

Corporal Meek, T.

160

""

49

Humphreys, W. M.

141

""

4

Bamsey, W. F.

124

"

40

Stopani, W. A.

273

105

White, G.

126

29

153

Brown, A.

102

101

Gow, D.

241

""

204

Bombardier Nobbs, A. P.

222

191

Smart, C. McD.

205

"

190

"

Buck, R. S.

106

100

Deas, W. M.

163

"

249

19

Baker, J.

180

179

23

Wilson, G. T.

192

209

Gunner Belilios, R. E.

256

132

"J

Bridger, H. B.

151

.་

197

""

Bentley, R. J. H.

247

257

59

Burgess, J. R.

201

198

"

Brett, L. E.

41

193

39

Bew, W. E.

187

"

116

""

Begley, A. J.

236

161

13

Barry, J.

155

166

Bevan, H. S.

206

"1

,,

176

"1

Bevan, W. S.

211

Gubbins, J. Gilchrist, J. Gregson, E. Hatherly, E. W. F. Higgins, F.

Hart, W.

Hance, C. E. A. Herbst, E.

Henderson, R. Hance, J. H. R.

Humphreys, A.

Kennedy, D. F.

Lysaught, J.

MacKie, A. J.

Melbourne, C. A. D. Moller, J. A.

McLeish, P. Moore, H. R. C. Nolan, T.

Patton,

Reid, A.

G.

Richardson, F.

Sanderson, J. S. Stewart, W. Sutton, A. L. Swanston, J. G.

Seth, S. A. Seth, H. A.

Sayer, E. A. R. Toller, W.

Thomson, W. M.

Toppin, W. J. Uphill, A.

Watson, W. Warren, C. E.

Wilkinson, S.

Woollen, J.

"

250

""

Bevan, R. S.

215

"

Wolfe, H.

254

Barker, J. E.

221

268

Baker, W. A.

263

Yule, T.

Trumpeter Plinston, C.

213

"}

Cotton, J. T.

264

"

Moore, S. R.

175

23

Crook, G. T.

109

Curran, T.

(91 Non-Commissioned Officers and Men.)

253

J. W. CARRINGTON, Major, Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps,

254

Enclosure 2.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

"A" MACHINE GUN COMPANY.

Nominal Roll of Efficients for the Year ending 16th April, 1898.

Corps Number.

Rank and Name.

Corps Number.

Rank and Name.

Captain Sanders, E. D.

244

Gunner Danby, J. D.

Lieutenant Maitland, F.

235

""

Fullerton, G. C.

174

وو

(3 Officers.)

262

""

96

Sergeant Crombie, H.

227

122

""

Lammert, G. P.

173

22

86

Shepherd, E. C.

230

114

Corporal Rankin, J.

169

137

"}

Bowley, F. B. L.

170

146

35

Gillingham, J. R.

214

"

185

"1

Skelton, A. H.

218

182

Allen, H. E.

233

""

196

"

Underwood, J. H.

234

Ellis, A.

Hornby, T. W.

Hursthouse, H. King, W. Nicholson, W.

Northcote, M. S.

Potts, R. H.

Plummer, J. A. T. Pumfrett, A.

Reeves, H.

Smith, E. J. Grant

Smith, H. Grant

172

Gunner Arthur, H.

246

""

Smith, A. Brooke

261

""

Aitken, J. H. E.

162

"

Stevens, G. R.

237

""

Barrett, E. G.

195

217

>>

Capell, J. R.

228

226

Crawford, L.

245

""

""

229

""

Cumpston, W. H.

216

""

232

"

Chisolm, F. W.

Stevens, T. L.

Thomson, O. D.

Watson, Maxwell

Wetenhall, E. B.

(35 Non-Commissioned Officers and Men.)

N.B.-Staff of Corps shown with Field Battery.

J. W. CARRINGTON, Major, Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

Enclosure 3.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

FIELD BATTERY.

Report on Gun Practice carried out during the Year ending 16th April, 1898.

Date

Nature of Practice.

on which Practice was carried out.

on

Number Number Present of

Rounds Parade. fired.

Range.

7-Pr. R.M.L. Guns, 200 s.,...

16th Oct., 1897.

91

60

7-Pr. R.M.L. Guns, 200 lbs.,...

1st Jan.,

50

33

1,150

1898.

64-Pr. R.M.L. Guns, 64 cwt.,.

22nd Jan.,

86

76

2,100

1898.

General Idea of Practice.

Yards. 800 and 1,400

Practice at an imaginary enemy landing in sampans, from East Shore, Stone- cutters' Island, during Camp of In- struction.

To repel an enemy landing on beach in

Repulse Bay.

To repel ships attempting to enter the Harbour, from South Shore Battery, Stonecutters' Island, (Chinese New Year).

To repel an enemy attempting to land in boats, from road in front of North Point Battery.

1,150 and 1,350 To repel and drive back to boats an enemy attempting to land at Repulse Bay.

J. W. CARRINGTON, Major, Commandaut, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

7-Pr. R.M.L. Guus, 200 s.,... 5th March,

1898.

52

27

1,300

7-Pr. R.M.L. Guns, 200 lbs.,... 16th April,

1898.

59

43

Enclosure 4.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

"A" MACHINE GUN COmpany.

Report on Gun Practice carried out during the Year ending 16th April, 1898.

Number Number Present

Date on which Practice was carried out.

on

Parade.

of Rounds fired.

Range.

General Idea of Practice.

Nature of Practice.

0.45" Maxim M.H. Chamber,

16th Oct.,

36

1,966

1897.

Machine Gun,

Do.,

255

Yards.

800 to 1,400

Practice at an imaginary enemy landing in sampans, from East Shore, Stone- cutters' Island, during Camp of In- struction.

To repel a body of men who had under cover advanced to within 500 yards, on Police Range, Kowloon. An enemy having landed, to stop and drive them back to their boats, at Re- pulse Bay.

Do.

To repel an enemy attempting to land in boats, from road in front of North Point Battery.

To drive back 4 parties of an enemy, who had effected a landing, to their boats, at Repulse Bay.

J. W. CARRINGTON, Major, Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

27th Nov.,

28

1,427

500

1897.

Do.,

1st Jan.,

20

1,514

800 to 1,050

1898.

Do.,

22nd Jan.,

27

4,000

800 to 1,050

1898.

Do.,

5th Mar.,

23

1,000

1,300

1898.

Do.,

12th Mar., 1898.

33

2,050

700 to 1,000

Enclosure 5.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

FIELD BATTERY.

Musketry Return, showing Percentage and Classification for the Year ending 16th April, 1898.

Number Number

of Firing. Points

obtained.

Classification.

Percentage.

Remarks.

1st Class. 2nd Class. 3rd Class.

Recruits' Course,

48

1,245

46.31

25

9

14

Trained Soldiers' Course,

*88

2,966

40.12

35

24

29

Total,...

136

4,211

60

33

43

* This includes a few Recruits who also fired Trained Soldiers' Course.

J. W. CARRINGTON, Major, Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

"

256

Enclosure 6.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

"A" MACHINE GUN COMPANY.

Musketry Return, showing Percentage and Classification for the Year ending 16th April, 1898.

Number

Classification.

Number of Percent- Firing. Points

obtained.

Remarks.

age.

Marks-

men.

1st Class. Class.

2nd

3rd Class.

Recruits' Course,

20

540 48.21

12

5

3

Trained Soldiers' Course,

*37

1,142 36.75

5

8

16

Total,..

57

1,682

5

20

20

13

19

* This includes a few Recruits who also fired Trained Soldiers' Course.

J. W. CARRINGTON, Major, Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

Enclosure 7.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

Revolver Practice Return, showing Percentage for the Year ending 16th April, 1898.

Number Firing.

Number

of Points Percentage.

obtained.

Remarks.

Staff,

Field Battery,...

10

5

154

64.16

7

244

72.52

"A" Machine Gun Company,......

3

112

77.77

Total,............

15

510

70.83

Enclosure 8.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

Inspection State, 14th April, 1898.

J. W. CARRINGTON, Major, Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

"A"

Staff.

Field Battery.

Machine Gun Co.

State of Corps.

Total.

Officers.

N. C. Officers.

N. C. Officers. Officers

and Men.

Officers.

N. C. Officers and Men.

Present on Parade,................

(with leave in Colony,..

with leave out of Colony,

Absent

4

1

90

2

30

131

4

3

7

:

:

:

:

1

3

1

12

on medical certificate,.....................

without leave,.........

Total,.

4

1

:

:

:

6

:

:

13

5

*116

:.

:

:

6

21

48

177

Remarks.

8 unenrolled Boy Signallers.

1 unenrolled Boy Trumpeter.

* This Total does not include-

J. W. CARRINGTON, Major,

Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

Present,

Distribution.

Enclosure 9.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

Staff.

State of Corps, 16th April, 1898.

Field Battery.

Machine Gun Companies.

Commandant.

Adjutant.

Med. Officers.

Q.-Mr. S'geant.

Captains.

Lieutenants.

Sergeants.

Corporals.

Gunners.

Captains.

Lieutenants.

Sergeants.

Corporals.

Gunners.

1

1

on leave,

Absent

without leave,

:

:

Total,....

1

1

Wanting to complete,

Establishment,

Supernumerary,

Struck off,........

Joined,

:

1

:

257

Total. Remarks.

Q

:

1 1 3 6 6 *94 1 Ι 4 2 28 151

:

3

7

:

:

3

2

10

-H

5

11

14

:.

2

1

1

3

6

6 104

1

O

7

37

176

2

:

:

4

5

10

8

83

102

2 1 1

3

CO

6

6

Co

64

3

CO

6

12

12

120

238

40

40

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

DECREASE.

1

T-

:

:

INCREASE.

1

1

* This Total does

not include-

1 unenrolled Boy Trumpeter.

8 unenrolled Boy Signallers.

J. W. CARRINGTON, Major, Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

215

No. 19

98

HONGKONG.

STATEMENT OF WATER ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST DECEMBER, 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

Treasury in account with Water Account.

To Maintenance of Water Works, City of Victoria and Hill District,

"

21

55

To New Water Mains,

">

*

**

*

"

Kowloon Water Supply,

Kowloon, Shaukiwan, Aberdeen,....

Taitam Water Works Extension,

To Miscellaneous Water Expenditure as follows:-

Kennedy Road sites Water Works,

Shaukiwan Water Works,...

Aberdeen Water Works,

Peak Water Works,

To City of V

Receipts.

Expenditure.

$5 C.

$

C.

7,878.93

5,980.74

1,088.69

1,007.54

4,607.92

2,930.94

8,962.55

...$ 3,480.33

8,792.98 15,093.75

357.50 246.00

Yaumati Water Works,.

ria and Hill District Water Works,

27,970.56 104,539.93

"

Water Account,

.$ 618.44

Stores issued,

Stores returned,

...$ 6,921.30 2,949.35

3,971.95

4,590.39

By Balance,

82,002.56

Amounts rendered to Treasury as follows:-

19

City of Victoria,.

Hill District,

.$27,799.13 1,605.08

Kowloon,......

Add amounts undercharged as per memoranda to Treasury and Auditor of 13th

August, and 27th November, 1897, ..

3,717.86

33,122.07

10.75

33,132.82

Less amounts overcharged as per memoranda to Treasury and Auditor of 27th February, 29th March, 10th May, 25th August (and C.S.O. 1895 of 1897), and 7th September, 1897,

$

288.75

Less amount written off as per C.S.O. 589 of 1897 and 1321

of 1897,

By Water Rates on-

Victoria,

Hongkong Villages,

Hill District,

Kowloon Point, Yaumati and Mongkoktsui,

Hung Hom,...

To Balance,..........

2.32

291.07

32,841.75

..$68,449.73

892.27

2,270.28

3,632.26

1,729.67

76,974.21

22,260.33

191,818.52

$191,818.52

DAVID WOOD,

Office Assistant and Accountant.

7th April, 1898.

R. D. ORMSBY, Director of Public Works.

127

No. 98

HONGKONG.

REPORT ON THE WIDOWS' AND ORPHANS' PENSION FUND FOR THE YEAR 1897.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government.

HONGKONG, 25th January, 1898.

SIR,-We have the honour to submit the following Report on the Widows' and Orphans' Fund

for 1897.

A Statement of Accounts of the Fund to 31st December, 1897, is appended.

On that date, the Funds were disposed of as follows:-

On Fixed Deposit, Hongkong and Shanghai Bank,

Current Account

>>

Total,..

.$ 43,000.00

41.11

....$ 43,041.11

The average monthly contributions amount now to about $730.

During the period under review, 45 officers joined the Fund and 25 contributors left.

There are at present 192 contributors on the books; of whom 76 are bachelors, 111 are married, and 5 are widowers.

There are 216 children on the books.

The average age of the three classes of contributors is as follows:-

Bachelors,.. Married men, Widowers,

... About 28 years. ..........A fraction under 37 years.

....52 years and 4 months.

The number of pensioners, viz., 6, remains the same as in the previous year :—

Mrs. MOOSDEEN,.

$63.67 per annum, from

7th January, 1892.

Mrs. BEAVIN,

......$ 14.45

"}

3rd June, 1894.

>>

LEUNG CHE WAN,

$ 30.09

"

>>

23rd January, 1896.

CHAN TAI,

.$ 54.85

"

17th February, 1896..

Mrs. MOFFATT,

$163.10

>>

""

14th June, 1896.

Mrs. MOORE,

...

.$119.92

""

""

22nd July, 1896.

5 children of the late S. MOORE, ...$119.93

We have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servants,

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Chairman.

A. W. BREWIN,

F. MACHADO,

FRANCIS W. CLARKE,

J. G. DA ROCHA,

Directors.

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary,

&c.,

&c.,

&c.

128

STATEMENT OF THE WIDOWS' AND ORPHANS' PENSION

FUND UP TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1897.

Total up to December, 1896, During 1897,

$

RECEIPTS.

EXPENDITURE.

BALANCE.

39,914.88 10,941.63

6,909.76

33,005.12

905.64

10,035.99

50,856.51

7,815.40

43,041.11

During 1897.

Total up to 31st December, 1897.

99.55

$3,489.32

257.50

1,692.45

548.59

1,273.57

1,360.06

905.64

$7,815.40

Refunds of amounts erroneously levied.......

Working Expenses,

Pensions paid,

Half Contribution refunded,

:


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