港史文本 - HK In Texts: Sessional Papers

PAPERS LAID BEFORE THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL OF HONGKONG 1896

Table of Contents

1. Assessment

Report for 1896-97

2. Births and Deaths Registration

Report of the Law Committee Upon the Bill for

3. Botanical & afforestation

Statement of Disbursements for forestry Works

4. Botanical & afforestation

Report for 1895

5. British Trade

Committee's Reports on British Trade in Hongkong

6. Bubonic Plague

Report on

7. Bubonic Plague

Governor's Despatch on the incipience and Progress of the

8. College of Medicine

Committee's Report on the Chinese

9. Constitution of the Colony

Petition for an amendment of the

10. Criminal Statistics

For 1895

11. Education

Reports for 1895

12. Finance

Amended Statement for 1894

13. Finance Committee

Reports of Proceedings for 1896

14. Financial Returns

For 1895

15. Financial Returns

For 1895 (Amended)

16. Fire Brigade

Report for 1895

17. Flogging

Committee's Report on the Question of Flogging in Victoria Gaol

18. Gaol

Report for 1895

19. Government offices

Committee's Report on the Condition of the

20. Government offices (New)

Papers on the Question of

21. Harbour Master'S

Report for 1895

22. Legislative Council

Minutes of Proceedings for 1896

23. Light Dues

Correspondence Respecting the abolition of the Special, Gap Rock

24. Lighthouses

Statement Shewing annual Cost of and Revenue Derived from

25. Medical Department

Report for 1895

26. Military Contribution

Despatches on the Subject of the

27. Military Contribution

Despatch Respecting the

28. Observatory

Report for 1895

29. Po Leung Kuk

Report for 1895

30. Police

Report for 1895

31. Post office

Receipts and Expenditure for 1893-94

32. Post office

Report for 1895

33. Public Lighting

Reports on the Question of the

34. Public Works

Report on the Progress of Public Works During the First Half-Year 1896

35. Public Works

Report for 1895

36. Public Works Committee

Reports of Proceedings for 1896

37. Registrar General'S

Report for 1895

38. Revenue and Expenditure

Amended Statement of, for 1894

39. Salaries, Pensions and Exchange Compensation

Expenditure on account of, for 1895

40. Sanitary

Report for 1895

41. Sanitary Board

Papers Respecting the Reconstitution of

42. Taipingshan Works

Statement With Reference to

43. Taipingshan Works

Report on the Progress of the

44. Tung Wa Hospital

Commissioners' Reports on the Working of the

45. Volunteer Corps (Hongkong)

Reports on the, for Season 1895-96

46. Water account

Statement of, for 1895

47. Water Supply

Report on the

48. Widows' & Orphans' Fund

Report on the, for 1895

HONGKONG.

THE ASSESSOR'S REPORT ON THE ASSESSMENT FOR 1896-97.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

493

No. 3a

08.

ASSESSOR'S OFFICE,

21st July, 1896.

SIR,-I have the honour to submit my Report on the Assessment for the year 1896-97.

2. By order of His Excellency the Governor in Council I have made a new Valuation of the City of Victoria, the Hill District, Kowloon Point, Yaumati, Ma Ti, Hung Hom, Shau Ki Wan and Aberdeen.

3. The result of the new Valuation is that the Rateable Value of the Colony as a whole has been increased by $131,073 equivalent to 3.54 per cent.

4. Comparing the new Valuation with that for the past year (1895-96) the results are as under :-

(a.) In the City of Victoria an increase in Rateable Value of $86,852 equal to 2.74 per cent. (b.) the Hill District an increase of

(c.)

Kowloon Point an increase of.

(d.) Yau Ma Ti an increase of.......... (e.) Ma Ti a decrease of

(f.) Hung Hom an increase of.......

(g.) Shau Ki Wan an increase of.......

(h.)

Aberdeen an increase of

16,775

18.41

8,355

7.79

15,921

36.17

741

33.22

2,355

3.04

1,467

6.61

0.35 ""

5. In the Hongkong Villages, i. e., all the Villages or places on the Island excluding those mentioned in paragraph 4, there is an increase of $3,008 or 2.92 per cent., owing to new and improved

tenements.

6. In Kowloon Villages, i. e., the Kowloon Peninsula excluding places referred to in paragraph 4, there is a decrease of $2,998 or 4.62 per cent. arising from tenements pulled down, and an adjustment of the boundaries of Yaumati, whereby a portion of Ma Ti and a place known as Kung Chung have been transferred.

7. During the period from 1st July, 1895, to 1st June, 1896, Interim Valuations have been made as follows:-

In the City of Victoria.

67 new tenements, rateable valuable 67 improved tenements, rateable value Replacing Assessments, amounting to

$ 46,930

...............$ 30,880

21,820

9,060

172 Assessments cancelled, tenements pulled down

Increase in City of Victoria

In the Rest of the Colony.

$ 55,990 36,445

..$ 19,545

141 new tenements, rateable value

19 improved tenements, rateable value Replacing Assessments, amounting to

208 Assessments cancelled, tenements pulled down

Increase in Rest of Colony

$ 19,462

.$ 2,408

1,584

824

$ 20,286 4,751

$ 15,535

494

The total number of tenements affected by Interim Assessments being 657, and the increase in Rateable Value $35,080.

8. The number of reported vacant tenements inspected under section 35 of the Rating Ordinance has averaged about 250 monthly.

9. The usual tabular statements giving comparisons of the Valuation for 1895-96 and the new Valuation for 1896-97 are attached.

10. I have again to express my thanks to the Honourable the Director of Public Works for his courtesy in arranging for Mr. KING, the Land Bailiff's assistance being available in connection with the villages.

11. I resumed my duties on 16th November last upon returning from leave. Mr. MALSCH, who acted for me during my absence, left everything up to date, and had prepared all the necessary books and papers to enable me to at once commence upon the new valuation.

12. There has been no change in the staff, Mr. CHAN PUI, clerk, and Mr. IP YUK PUI, interpreter, having continued to perform their duties in a satisfactory manner. The former is at present acting for Mr. MOK MAN CHEUNG as Translator at the Supreme Court.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

A. M. THOMSON,

Acting Colonial Treasurer.

Table A.

THE CITY OF VICTORIA.

ARTHUR CHAPMAN,

Assessor.

No.

DISTRICT NAME.

VALUATION, 1895-96.

VALUATION, 1896-97.

INCREASE.

1 Kennedy Town,

20,985

39,635

18,650

Shek Tong Tsui,

115,079

116,941

1,862

Sai Ying Pun,

668,915

679,975

11,060

Tai Ping Shan,

267,335

279,660

12,325

5 Sheung Wan,

416,230

434,125

17,895

Chung Wan,

1,313,715

1,329,915

16,200

Ha Wan,........

140,945

143,160

2,215

Wan Tsai,

115,930

117,865

1,935

Bowrington,

39,335

42,230

2,895

Soo Kon Poo,.

62,405

64,220

1,815

3,160,874

3,247,726

86,852

Table B.

THE HILL DISTRICT, KOWLOON POINT, YAU MA TI, MA TI, HUNG HOM,

SHAU KI WAN, ABERDEEN AND OTHER VILLAGES.

DISTRICT OR LOCALITY.

495

VALUATION, 1895-96.

VALUATION, 1896-97.

INCREASE.

DECREASE.

The Hill District,..

91,075

107,850

16,775

Kowloon Point,

107,215

115,570

8,355

Yau Ma Ti,

44,005

59,926

15,921

Ma Ti,

2,230

1,489

741

Hung Hom,

77,225

79,580

2,355

Shau Ki Wan,

22,185

23,652

1,467

Aberdeen,

22,366

22,445

Rest of Hongkong Villages,

102,738

105,746

3,008

Rest of Kowloon Villages,

64,759

61,761

2,998

LOCALITY.

Table C.

THE COLONY OF HONGKONG.

VALUATION, 1895-96.

VALUATION, 1896-97.

INCREASE.

PERCENTAGE.

The City of Victoria,

3,160,874

3,247,726

86,852

2.74

Hongkong Villages and the Hill District, ....

238,364

259,693

21,329

8.94

Kowloon Peninsula,....

295,434

318,326

22,892

7.74

3,694,672

3,825,745

131,073

3.54

193

No. 15

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE LAW COMMITTEE UPON A BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDI- NANCE TO AMEND AND CONSOLIDATE THE LAW RELATING

TO THE REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS ANE DEATHS."

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

22nd April, 1896.

The Law Committee, having considered clause by clause, at a meeting at which all the members were present, the Bill entitled "An Ordinance to amend and consolidate the law relating to the Registration of Births and Deaths," has the honour to recommend that the Bill, as read a first time, be amended as follows:-

In section 8, by inserting, after the words "in which such child shall have been born," the words "or any person present at the birth.”

In section 9, sub-section (a), by substituting the words "Registrar General " for the word "Governor."

In section 9, sub-section (b), by adding at the end of that sub-section the following words:-

"For the purposes of this Ordinance every child by every Chinese male shall be deemed to be a legitimate child, and such Chinese male shall be deemed to be the father of such child."

In section 10, by striking out the words "in the space reserved for that purpose."

In section 11, sub-section (a), by substituting the words, "any occupier," for the words, "the occupier."

In section 11, sub-section (c), by substituting the words, "Registrar General,” for the word "Governor."

In section 12, sub-section (b), by amending that sub-section so as to read:

"A person shall not wilfully bury or procure to be buried the body of

any deceased child as if it were still-born.

Νο

person shall bury or procure to be buried any still-born child unless

there is delivered to him either :-

(i) A written certificate (and so on as in the present sub-section).'

In section 12, sub-section (e), by inserting after the words, " Colonial Surgeon," the words "or to some other medical officer appointed by the Governor for that purpose.

In section 21, by deleting (c) in the first line.

In section 23, by amending that section so as to read :—

"It shall be lawful for the Governor in Council to make, and when made to revoke, alter, or add to, such regulations as may be found necessary or desirable for the due carrying into effect of the pro- visions of this Ordinance, and from time to time to revoke, alter, or add to the forms given in the schedules hereto."

In schedules (E) and (F) by striking out the words "in the space reserved for that purpose."

In schedule (Q) by striking out the word "he" before the word "Died" and leaving a blank.

HENRY E. POLLOCK, Acting Attorney General,

Chairman.

227

No. 17

96.

No. 15.

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF THE BOTANICAL AND AFFORESTATION DEPARTMENT FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

BOTANIC GARDENS. HONGKONG, 2nd May, 1896.

SIR, I have the honour to submit for the information of His Excelleney the Governor the Annual Report on this Department for the year 1895.

GENERAL.

2. Freedom from typhoons and release from the great amount of work in contending with the caterpillar plague which characterised the previous year permitted greater attention being given to the general work of the department.

3. Although the production of revenue is not an object aimed at in conducting the work of this department, receipts gradually increase year by year. The work involved in connection with the sale of plants and forestry products, and additional work imposed in office routine, necessitates a propor- tionate contraction of work in other branches, as the staff remains stationary.

4. The total revenue for the year was :-

From Plant Sales.

Loan of Decoration Plants, Forestry Products,

649.75

128.00

657.97

$1,435.72

This money being paid into the general revenue account of the Colony means that, so far as the Gardens are concerned, the more money that is expended in the propagation and cultivation of plants for sale and loan the less is that available for ordinary maintenance of the Gardens.

BOTANIC GARDEN.

MUSICAL PERFORMANCES.

5. The Bands of the Rifle Brigade and the Hongkong Regiment were kindly allowed by their respective Colonels and Officers to play in the Gardens from 9.30 to 11 p.m. on moonlight evenings during the summer.

The number of visitors averaged about 2,000 on each night. Although about five constables were in attendance the visitors were not always confined as closely to the walks as desirable, and mischievous people took advantage of the opportunity to damage property to some extent, and thieves to steal plants.

HOT-WATER APPARATUs.

6. My recommendation in paragraph 12 of the Annual Report for 1894 that the glass-houses should be artificially heated in the cold season has been adopted. A boiler and four-inch diameter iron pipes were obtained from England and fitted before the beginning of the cold season. Houses and pits aggregating about 240 feet in length were fitted with two rows of piping. The whole apparatus has worked perfectly and provided exactly the heat required. Fires were used on 74 days and nights, for which five tons of coal were consumed at a cost of $37.78.

GARDEN SEATS.

7. A new lot of iron and teakwood seats of a more elegant pattern than the old wooden ones were provided in order to accommodate about 200 more visitors. The walks on the terraces are now as well furnished with seats as they can be without being a disfigurement to their surroundings.

DISTRIBUTION AND INTERCHANGE OF PLANTS AND SEEDS, &c.

8. The receipts were 1,534 plants, and 22 lbs. of seeds, in 387 packages and one wardian case, and 11 birds. The chief donors were :-- Ackroyd, E. J.

Acclimatizing Association, Southern California. Barton, J.

Bodinier, Rev. E.

Botanic Gardens, Adelaide.

Bangalore. Brisbane. British Guiana.

228

Botanic Gardens, Grenada.

;;

Jamaica. Mauritius. Natal.

Royal, Calcutta.

Ceylon.

Royal, Kew.

Cundall, C. H., Manila.

Dammann & Co., Italy.

Trinidad.

Gillandies, Mrs.

Hodgins, Captain, S.S. Formosa. Horticultural Gardens, Nagpur, India. Mueller, Sir F. von.

Lloyd, Captain, S.S. Hankow. Peché, G., Moulmein.

Scharff & Shorting, California. Veitch, James & Son, Chelsea. Walker, Captain, S.S. Foochow.

9. In exchange 2,542 plants, and 19 lbs. of seeds in 255 packages and 1 wardian case were sent out. The principal recipients were:--

Acclimatizing Association, Southern California.

Barton, J.

Botanic Gardens, Bangalore.

British Guiana.

Jamaica.

Mauritius.

Natal.

Rio de Janeiro. Royal, Kew.

Saharanpur. Trinidad.

Bourne, F. S. A., Canton.

Byron, Rev. J., Sandakan.

Cooke, Mrs.

Cooper, Mrs.

Coxon, Mrs.

Cundall, C. H., Manila.

Dammann & Co., Italy. Dodd, Captain.

Dorabjee, N.

Hanbury, Marquis T., Mentone, Italy. Hill, W.

Hodgins, Captain, S.S. Formosa. Humphreys, J. D.

Lawrence, Sir Trevor.

Low, Hugh & Co., London.

Marsdon, Hon. J., Honolulu.

Mekling, H., Milwaukee, U.S.A.

Stephus, M. J. D.

Treseder, J. G., Sydney.

Veitch, James & Son, Chelsea. Woodin, E. L., Sandakan.

PLANT SALES.

10. The receipts amounted to $649.75, being an increase of $147.99 over those of 1894. The number of plants sold was 3,057, being an increase of 719 over the previous year's sales.

LOAN OF PLANTS.

year

11. The number of plants lent was 2,560, for which $128 was received. In the last clear when plants were lent free of charge upwards of 4,000 were lent. When the charge of 5 cents per plant was fixed it was based on a calculation of the cost of growing the plants, and of the number of times which they had been applied for when they were lent free. The receipts for the diminished demand do not cover the cost of growing the plants.

RAINFALL.

12. The year 1895 was one of an unusually small rainfall. At the Gardens only 53:55 inches were recorded, being 45-45 inches less than in 1893. July was the only month when the rainfall exceeded 7 inches. The daily returns are given in appendix A.

HERBARIUM AND LIBRARY.

13. The Rev. Father E. RODINIER presented 19 specimens of Hongkong plants collected by him- self which were not in the herbarium, some of them being new discoveries in this island.

14. A collection of 300 specimens of plants was obtained by purchase from Japan.

15. The number of specimens mounted and incorporated in the general and Hongkong collec-

tions was 420.

16. I have compiled a classified Catalogue of Books. &c., in the library, and it is now in the hands of the printer. Besides placing the books on official record this catalogue will greatly facilitate references.

17. The following is the list of books, &c., received during the year:-

Agricultural Journal of the Leeward Islands. Agricultural Bulletin of the Malayan Peninsula,

Garden and Forest Department, Straits Settlements.

Agricultural Ledger 1893-95.

Bulletin, Departinent of Agriculture, Brisbane,

1895.

Bulletin, Disease affecting the Orange Orchards of Wide Bay, and Insect Pests Preva- lent therein, 1894, No. 4 second series. Department of Agriculture, Brisbane, Queensland.

Extra Koloniaal Museum Nuttige Is-

dische Plantes.

Bulletin, (Grenada) of Miscellaneous Informa-

;)

tion, 1895.

(Jamaica) of Botanical Department,

1895.

Kew) of Miscellaneous Information,

1895.

Koloniaal Museum te kaarlen Maart,

1895.

(Trinidad) of Miscellaneous Informa-

tion, 1894-95.

Catalogue of Plants in the Government Botanic

Gardens Sydney, New South Wales, 1895. Experiment Station Record of U.S. Department

of Agriculture, 1895. Vol. V, No. 12, Vol. VI, Nos. 2-10, and Vol. VII, Nos. 1-3. Handbook of Plants from Foreign Countries.

Santa Barbara, California, 1895.

Hand List of Ferns and Fern Allies. Royal

Gardens, Kew.

Hooker's Icones Plantarum. Fourth series, Vol. IV, Parts II-IV, and Vol. V, Part I, 1895. Hortus Fluminensis ou Breve Noticia Sobre as Plantas cultivadus no Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, 1893.

Index Kewensis Plantarum Planeroganarum,

Part IV, 1895. Purchased.

Indian Forest Reports.

Forest Administration in the Andamans for

1893-94.

Forest Administration in Ajmere

* A

Merwara, 1893-94.

in Baluchistan, 1893-94. in Bombay

Presidency including Sind, 1893-

94.

in Burma, 1893-94.

in Central

Provinces,

1893-94. in Coorg, 1893-94. of the Forest Survey Branch in India, 1893- 94.

in the Hyderabad Assign-

ed Districts, 1893-94. in Lower Provinces of

Bengal, 1893-94.

229

Forest Administration in Madras Presidency,

1894.

in N.W. Provinces and

Oudh, 1894.

in Province of Assam, for

1893-94.

in Punjab, 1893-94. Manual of Forestry (Schlich's). Vols. III and IV. Monagraphia Phanerogamarum. Purchased. Occasional Papers of the Natural History Society

of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 1887, 1888, Vol. II 1892, Vol. II No. 2 1894, and Vol. II No. 3 1895.

Official Guide to the Museums of Economic Botany. No. 2 Monocotyledons and Cryp- togams, Royal Gardens, Kew.

Reports of Bolanie Gardens, &c.

Board of Trustees of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee, 1883, 1886, 1887, 1889-

94.

Botanic Gardens British Guiana and their Work

for the year, 1893-94.

Botanic Gardens and Forest Department, Straits

Settlements, 1894. Gardens, Grenada, 1893.

Royal, Calcutta, 1894-95.

Ceylon, 1894. Trinidad, 1894.

Department of Agriculture, Brisbane, 1893-94. Manchester Museum, Owen College, with appen- dices from October 1st, 190, to December 31st, 1894.

Missouri Botanical Gardens, 1895. Proceedings of the Agricultural Horticultural Society of Madras, July and September 1894-95.

Proceedings of the Natural History Society and Wisconsin, March 1887 to December 1888. Progress and Condition of the Government Bota- nic Gardens, Saharanpur and Mussourie for the year ending 31st March, 1895. Record of Agricultural Experiment Stations of

the University of California, 1892-95. Transactions of the Queensland Acclimatization

Society for the period from July 8th to Sep- tember 9th, 1895.

Savanahs of Guiana, British Guiana.

Supplement to the Leeward Islands Gazette, 1894.

FORESTRY.

PLANTING.

18. The total number of trees planted was 55,664. They were placed in various localities extending from Pokfoolam Road in the west to Mt. Parker in the east, and Stanley in the south. The largest number in one place was at Stanley, in the vicinity of which 14,000 were planted. South of Quarry Bay stands next in order with 10,000 trees. In 1894 the pine trees near Quarry Bay sustained greater damage from the plague of caterpillars than trees in any other locality. Those planted to replace the losses consist of eight kinds, no pines being included.

19. The road between Aberdeen and Little Hongkong, which is unshaded almost throughout its entire length. has been planted on its margins with shade trees. The Pokfoolam Road, also, has received similar attention where required.

20. The usual statistics of planting are given in Appendix B.

THINNING OF PLANTATIONS AND SALE OF FORESTRY PRODUCTS.

21. Portions of plantations in about 14 localities were thinned.

22. The total amount realised for forestry products was $657.97. The statistics are given in Appendix C.

230

PROTECTIVE SERVICE.

23. Protection has become rather more difficult than formerly owing to the commission of depredations being conducted at early hours in the morning and late in evening when it is supposed the forest guards have not arrived on or have left their beats. This has necessitated the adoption of special precautions to deal with the evil. The punishments inflicted by the Magistrates are, I fear, in most cases, far from sufficiently deterrent. A 25-cents fine, or its equivalents of detention in Gaol---- the latter especially-is, probably, hardly regarded as a punishment.

24. About 1,100 trees were cut down by law-breakers in 1895, being an increase of 500 over the number for 1894.

25. The forest guards obtained 72 convictions, against 92 convictions in the previous year. The fines were $89.75 as compared with $145 in 1894. The highest fine was $5 and the lowest 25 cents. In the previous year the highest was $25 and the lowest $1.

FIRES.

26. There were 51 grass fires during the year, and 14,913 trees destroyed by them. The largest fire was at Little Hongkong where upwards of 9,000 trees were burnt.

27. At Repulse Bay six coolies were arrested by a Sikh constable for setting fire to grass, which destroyed 650 trees, while they were conducting ancestral worship at graves Each man was fined

$10.

28. Statistics of grass fires are recorded in Appendix D.

CATERPILLARS.

(Eutricha punctata, Walk.)

29. Vigilant observations were maintained for the detection of the re-appearance of caterpillars; early in April they were found in very small numbers in Hongkong in all the districts, except near Chaiwan, where they occurred in such vast numbers in 1894. Hand-picking was commenced on May 25th, and by June 14th all which could be found had been collected and destroyed, the total weight being only 38 catties.

In Kowloon, however, the caterpillars were abundant, and the collection of them and cocoons was continued from June 5th until July 9th when 912 catties of caterpillars and 39 catties of cocoons were destroyed. A second generation appeared, and operations for their destruction were commenced on August 13th and completed on the 31st, when 1,100 catties of catterpillars and 148 catties of cocoons were collected.

30. The cost of this work was $185.92.

31. So far as Hongkong is concerned the pest seems to be completely exterminated, as no trace of it has been seen since July 14th, 1895. Unfortunately the same cannot be said for Kowloon; there the caterpillars have been in great abundance this year, about 10 tons have been collected, and a new generation has developed which will require to be dealt with shortly. One satisfactory circumstance this year is that the collectors have seen their way to do the work at a greatly reduced rate.

32. Last year I accumulated interesting information on parasitical enemies to the Eutricha in its different stages. I have now specimens of parasites on the egg, pupa and larva, but no parasite on the moth has yet been discovered. All the parasites are species of wasp, that on the egg being an exceedingly small one, only about a line in length, another on the pupa is 2 lines, and three others on the same are each about 6 lines long. These were obtained by developing them in boxes.

33 My thanks are due to Mr. ÅLBERT KOEBELE, the able entomologist, for kindly identifying the genera of the parasites and for assistance in obtaining some of them. Mr. KOEBELE was staying some time in the Colony on a mission to the Far East to obtain parasitical insects for the Honolulu Government, for the purpose of destroying insect pests affecting various crops, a work in which he has been eminently successful in various parts of the world.

34. It is a curious coincidence that in 1894 the great bubonic plague and the great caterpillar plague occurred in Hongkong, while last year both were nearly absent, and this year they are again greatly in the ascendant.

In 1894 the long drought was supposed to be, to a great extent, accountable for these plagues, but last year was one of the driest on record, yet the scourges were in subjection, while this year when the bubonic plague, and the caterpillars have so greately increased there was an unusually heavy rainfall during the first three months of the year.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant.

CHARLES FORD, Superintendent,

Botanical and Afforestation Department.

Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary,

Siln

Sc.,

f..

Appendix A.

RAINFALL OBSERVATION MADE AT THE BOTANIC GARDENS, DURING 1893.

ABOUT 300 FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL.

231

DATE.

Jan.

Feb.

March. April. May. June. July.

Aug.

Sept. Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

.04

.08

0.2

:ལྷ

10,

.01

11,

.43

.05

.25

.15

.02

12,

0.1

13,

0.1

14,

0.9

15,

0.3

.03

.20

16,

0.1

.01

.43

17,

0.7

.01

18,

22,

23,

ེ་ ོ་་འ ོ་

21,

19,

20,

.04

.19

.02

24,

25,

26,

27,

28,

29,

30,

31,

Total,...... .58

.05

:..

.03

.24

.38

.01

.02

.04

.03

2.16

.23

.14

.22

3.84

.09

.36

:ལྦ

2.74

.03

.84

.86

.02

.15

.05

.13

.02

..04

.03

.04

.17

.03

.17

2.19

.18

.02

1.82

.15

.46

.04

:..

.24

.02

.05

.26

.04

.03

.05

.23

.14

.10

.26

.04

.45

.03

.14

.12

.04

.03

1.15

.28

.51

4:.

.41

.13

.81

.02

.42

.15

.99

0.1

2.39

.34

.27

.14

.03

.25

.16

.30

.19

.06

.10

.04

1.25

.07

.08

.69

.16

.59

.03

1.61

.12

6.91

1.79 .03

.01

.08

1.49

4.61

.86

.07

.16

.05

.95 1.48 3.18 5.09

.23

.03

.05

5.24 21.75 6.91

7.07

.53

.45

.31

Total inches for the year 53.55. Observation made at 10 a.m.

CHARLES FORd,

Superintendent.

Botanical & Afforestation Department.

}

Appendix B.

STATISTICS OF PLANTING OPERATIONS.

LOCALITY.

ana.

Pinus Cunning- Massoni- hamia sinensis.

sp.

Spondias Bischoffia Cedrela Tristanea javanica. conferta. odorata.

Liquidam-

Cinna-

bar

formosana.

Syncarpea laurifolia.

momuni

Celtis

sinensis.

"Banian."

camphora.

Wanchai Gap,

4,810

1,990

240

571

...

314

Bowen Road West,

133

...

Pokfoolam Filter Bed,

330

...

Do. Grazing Hill,

4,500

1,391

333333

Stanley,

13,928

156

...

Wongneichung,

1,911

Repulse Bay,

6,224

2,311

1,210

200

Aberdeen,

3,045

Quarry Bay,

6,113

202

1,175

1,296

North Point,

690

Mount Parker,

...

100

1222

100

170

961

170

100

Deep Water Bay,

100

Tytum,

100

Pokfoolam Road,

...

100

Upper Albert Rond,

Aberdeen and Little Hongkong Road,.

Kowloon Road,

Victoria Gap to Reservoir,

Bonham Road,

Caine Road,

Garden Road,.

...

Area in

acres.

Grand

Total of

Trees.

6/2

7,961

133

330

6,004

14,084

1,911

...

8288

9,945

3,045

10,072

1,024

212

200

192

رات

546

...

Total,..

34,881

10,570

289

5,006

2,066

134

770

170

1,617

137

45%

55,664

232

CHARLES FORD,

Superintendent,

Botanical & Afforestation Department.

Aberdeen, Bowen Road, Bowrington, Causeway Bay, Mount Davis, Mount Gough, Mount Kellet,.. Kowloon,.....

Little Hongkong,

Pokfoolain,

Sookunpo Hill,

Various,

Wanchai,

Wongneichung,

Locality.

Appendix C.

SALE OF FORESTRY PRODUCTS.

Pine Trees.

Tree Pruning,... Brushwood,. Camphor Trees,

Total Revenue for Forestry Products,......

Date.

1895.

February 26 April 24 February 26

Aberdeen,

Aplichau,

Little Hongkong,.

December 27

March

April

December 12

April 17

May

December 18

April

October 20 21

December 28

North Point, Repulse Bay,

Sandy Bay, Sookunpo Hill,

Stanley,

January

Tin Wan,

May

Tytam Tuk,

October

West Point,

Appendix D.

STATISTICS OF GRASS FIRES.

Locality.

233

Quantity.

Amount realized.

$ cts.

681

6.78

593

13.56

19.83

10,348

148.27

1,698

14.73

.39

11,978

97.28

1,445

26.61

1,023

5.23

891

46.52

9,109

106.26

4.47

2.03

627

23.52

38,578

545.48

203,899 catties.

70,119

94.47

14.02

4.00

657.97

There were 33 other fires which did not destroy trees.

CHARLES FORD, Superintendent,

Botanical & Afforestation Department.

Number of Fires.

Number of Trees destroyed.

480

510

9,020

690

1,675

500

650

200

100

920

14,913

CHARLES FORD,

Superintendent.

Botanical & Afforestation Department.

139

No.

HONGKONG.

STATEMENT OF DISBURSEMENTS FOR FORESTRY WORKS IN THE YEARS 1897 AND 1898.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

Statement showing Disbursements for Forestry Works in the years 1897 and 1898, for which contracts have been

already made, and those for which contracts now require to be made.

Estimated total cost.

To be disbursed in 1897.

To be disbursed in 1898.

APPROVED BY LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, (C.S.O. No. 1818.)

1. Rearing Trees to be planted in 1897,.......

900.00

2. Planting Trees being reared under No. 1,........

1,100.00

1,100,00

Contracts to be now made which require approval:-

3. Rearing and Planting Trees in 1898,....................

2,000.00

4,000.00

2,000.00

The works under heading 3 now require the approval of the Legislative Council in order that the contracts for them may be made; those under headings 1 and 2 have already been sanctioned and are now in progress.

CHARLES FORd,

Superintendent,

Botanical and Afforestation Department.

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE APPOINTED TO ENQUIRE INTO THE CONDITION OF BRITISH TRADE IN HONGKONG.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor,

REPORT.

1.--The Committee, appointed by His Excellency the Governor, in response to an inquiry from the Secretary of State asking whether there had been any and what dis- placement of British goods in this market, held their first sitting on the 29th February, and have since met thirteen times and taken the evidence of fourteen witnesses, which evidence has been supplemented by information gathered by the Secretary. A careful consideration of the whole has enabled the Committee to arrive at the conclusions given hereunder.

2. At the outset the Committee were confronted with the difficulty that, Hongkong being a free port, precise returns of trade cannot be made up in this Colony owing to the absence of any statistics of imports and exports (with the single exception of opium). The Committee have therefore limited their investigations to ascertaining where there has been displacement of British goods in this market by foreign manufactures, to what extent this displacement has been effected, and to what causes it has been due.

3.-It is apparent from the evidence that the displacement of British goods has been going on steadily for some years, but it has not been on a strikingly large scale nor have many great staples been very seriously affected. There are instances, how- ever, in which the British manufacture has been entirely ousted by foreign goods, as in the cases of Llama Braids and Aniline Dyes, while others, such as Spanish Stripes and Broad Cloths, have been in great measure replaced by similar goods imported from Germany.

4. In other cases, again, there have been attempts to cut into British trade in smaller wares, sometimes by foreign imitations, with, however, often only a qualified or temporary success. These articles were represented by Hosiery, Lamps, Paper, Um- brellas, Rubber Shoes, Soaps, Biscuits, Beer, Locks, Files, Needles, Cutlery, etc., in which Germany and Japan are the principal competitors with England.

5.-There has been a serious falling off in the imports of Metals from Great Britain, notably in that of Yellow Metal, which formerly was exclusively imported from thence. It is estimated that only about half the import of this Metal now comes from British makers, the inferior German metal being greatly aided by the lower rate of freight payable from German ports. The same remarks apply to the trade in Bar Iron, Nail Rod, and Scrap Iron, most of which is now imported from Belgium, the productions of which country are helped by cheaper cost of production and lower freights from Ant- werp. Pig Lead, which formerly was imported from England and Germany, now comes almost exclusively from Australia on account of lower cost of production.

The Committee are conscious it may be objected to the foregoing paragraph, that a portion of the evidence does not bear out the statement that dead weight cargo shipped direct from Great Britain arrives here at a disadvantage in freight compared with that shipped from Continental ports. The Committee were constrained, nevertheless, to accept the balance of evidence, which unmistakeably points to the conclusion arrived at; and, to more clearly elucidate the point, some tabulated examples of actual shipments have been obtained.

611

612

6. The trade in Arms and Ammunition and Gunpowder is monopolised by Continental manufacturers, owing to the much cheaper prices at which they can lay them down on this market.

7.—Certain branches of trade, such as those in Wire Nails and Window Glass, have always been in Belgian hands, the prices charged being apparently beyond the competition of all other producers. Not so, however, the trade in Candles, which has been completely wrested from England by Belgian makers, this being to a great extent due to superior packing.

8. The competition of Japan is only just commencing, but it promises to prove serious later on. Already the Japanese have secured almost a monopoly of the trade in Cotton Waste, Washing Soda, and Sulphuric Acid; they are competing in Cotton Goods, Paper, Ship's Lamps, and cheap substitutes for Cretonnes, Blankets, Towels, Soaps, etc. Among other items, they are exporting really well made Cotton Half Hose fifty per cent. below the cost of similar goods from Germany; and their Cement, though inferior in quality, is cheaper than any European cement that can be imported, competing even with the local product, which has the advantage of paying no freight or marine insurance.

9. The causes to which the displacement of British Goods in this market are to be assigned may be briefly stated :-

1.-Lower cost of production of rival foreign goods.

2.-Disinclination of British manufacturers to study taste of consumer.

3. The steadily falling value of silver since 1873.

4.--Lower freights outwards from foreign as compared with British ports.

5.-Cheaper railway transit to foreign ports of shipment.

The last two named causes apply more especially to inetals and heavy goods, and No. 4, the Committee regret to say, is due to the action of the Shipping Conference (consisting chiefly of British steam-ship owners) which, while maintaining freights from British ports, carry cargo at a much lower rate from Continental and American ports, thus giving foreign manufactures a virtual subsidy in their competition with British products.

In this connection the Committee wish to make special reference to the advantages conferred on American Cotton Piece Goods in the China market by the rates of freight charged by the Conference steamers from New York to Hongkong and Shanghai, which average from 25/- to 30/- per ton as compared with 57/6 from London and Liverpool outwards. The same remarks apply to the shipment of machinery from the United States to China, the freight for which is about forty per cent. lower than that from British ports.

In considering this phase of the subject the question seems to arise how far the Imperial Government would be justified in requiring of the 'onference a modification of their tariff before continuing a subsidy or other support to any shipping company which is a party to a compact that places British manufactures at a disadvantage with foreign rivals.

10. The Committee, moreover, feel bound to record their conviction that several of the witnesses were indisposed to speak freely on this subject of the Shipping Confer- ence; and they are of opinion that it is a question of such paramount importance to British Trade that it might fittingly for the subject of a searching investigation on the part

of the Home Government.

11. The Committee are satisfied that, apart from this preference to foreign cargo, shown by Conference steamers, the competition encountered by British goods is for the most part a fair business competition. There are occasional infringements of British Trade Marks and more frequent imitations of British goods by Continental makers, but in the majority of cases the imitation is sold as such on its merits, and in some instances

the foreign producers strike out new lines for themselves, and from small beginnings evolve a considerable trade. While the British merchant or agent in Hongkong appears to be well on the alert, and to very efficiently represent the Home manufacturer, the latter seems too often reluctant to alter his styles and methods, does not care to make a present sacrifice for future profit, and is apt to neglect small openings for a new trade. This is in marked contrast to the untiring efforts of foreign makers to study the market and adapt their goods to the requirements of the consumer.

12.-Turning to a consideration of the transit trade of the Colony, which the Committee take to mean the transhipment of goods here for the neighbouring countries, Japan, Siam, Indo-China, the Philippines, Netherlands Indies, etc., this trade exhibits a tendency to increase on the whole, with the present exception of that with Indo- China, which has latterly shown a decline. This decline is due to the high preferential duties recently imposed by our French neighbours, the effects of which are visible in the falling off in the export of Yarns and British manufactured goods to Saigon and

Tonkin.

13. When the provisions of the new Treaty with Japan come into force a most serious decline is expected to ensue in the export hence of refined sugar to that country under the revised tariff, and it is feared that this, the chief industry of the Colony, which has already been very adversely affected, may perhaps be permanently injured. Had the Hongkong Government been consulted before the alteration of the tariff was decided upon, it is probable some adjustment of the duties less unfavourable to this Colony might have been arrived at, and this important industry saved the check it must presently meet.

14. Whilst the words "The Transit Trade of Hongkong" are perhaps not intended to directly include the conduct of trade with the interior of China, yet the Committee feel it within the scope of their inquiry to point out here that this Transit Trade would be largely benefited and increased, were the Transit Pass system allowed by the Native Authorities in South China to work in accordance with the Treaty require- ments. Unfortunately, ever since the signature of the Treaty of Tientsin, Article XXVIII. of which confers this Transit Pass privilege on British subjects, the officials in South China have steadfastly and persistently sought to render it a dead letter, and so far their success has been most complete. If the Transit Pass system be enforced, and the inland waterways of the Two Kwang provinces be opened to foreign trade and steamer navigation, as the result of negotiations now proceeding, there is every reason to believe that a marked increase in British trade will soon be apparent.

15. Another subject not perhaps strictly within the scope of the present inquiry, but which has come before the Committee incidentally, and is closely associated with the British shipping trade, is that of the impediments placed in the way of British ships obtaining their fair share of the Chinese passenger traffic at certain of the neighbouring outports. This is due to their having to conform strictly to the regulations of the Chinese Passengers' Act, 1855, whereas foreign steamers are subject to no such regula- tions, and can in consequence carry double, or treble, the number of passengers permitted under the Act to a British vessel. Much lucrative trade is thus completely closed to British ships. The Committee therefore deprecate further legislation in the direction of making these passenger regulations more stringent, as the effect can only be to still more heavily handicap British Tonnage on the China Coast and lead to its supercession by Continental steamers.

HONGKONG, 22nd June, 1896.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Chairman.

W. C. H. HASTINGS.

N. J. EDE.

CHANTREY INCHBALD.

613

449

No. 27

HONGKONG.

GOVERNOR'S DESPATCH ON THE INCIPIENCE AND PROGRESS OF THE

BUBONIC PLAGUE IN HONGKONG DURING 1896.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

No. 117.

SIR,

GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG, 6th May, 1896.

I have the honour to forward for your information the following account of the incipience and progress of the bubonic plague in this Colony during the current year, and of the measures which have been and are being taken to suppress it.

2. The first case of plague occurred on the 4th January, and from that date to the 29th January there were 45 cases, as reported to you in my despatch No. 26 of that date. These cases were merely sporadic, being confined principally to the western portion of the City.

Precautionary measures of the following nature, to prevent the disease from spreading, were adopted without delay

The Right Honourable

(i) Every person found to be suffering from the disease was at once removed to the hospital at Kennedy Town, situated in an isolated position at the extreme western suburb of Victoria, and was there placed under treatment.

(ii) The other inmates of the house in which the case had occurred and who were in close contact with the patient were segregate l on large and roomy junks locally known as "marriage boats," hired by Government for the purpose and anchored in the vicinity of Stonecutter's Island, where they were detained under observation for 10 days, 9 days having been ascertained to be the maximum period of incubation of the disease in 1894. Every attention was paid to the comfort of those segregated who, besides being fed at the expense of Government, were supplied with clothing, whilst their own was being disinfected by the Sanitary Board before being finally returned to them. After the period of 10 days had elapsed, they were at liberty, if still free from the disease, to return to the City, or to their own homes on the main- land. Only one or two persons developed the disease during the period of isolation, and they were of course at once removed to the Kennedy Town hospital for treatment.

(iii) The house in which the case occurred was at once closed and guarded by the Police until it had been thoroughly cleansed, disin- fected and white-washed under the supervision of the Medical Officer of Health attached to the Sanitary Board.

Mr. JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, M.P.,

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies,

&C.,

&C.

&c., Downing Street,

London.

450

(2)

3. During the greater part of January, Canton was reported to be almost entirely free from the disease, but towards the end of that month it became more prevalent there. This fact materially altered the state of affairs and as, in view of the difficulty of restricting the passenger traffic from that port, from which Hongkong derives the greater part of its food supply, the Colony was in any case exposed to the danger of the introduction of cases from thence and as the number of persons in segregation amounted to over 200 and was rapidly increasing, the Sanitary Board resolved to abandon the system of isolation on marriage boats. It was accordingly decided that such of the inmates of infected houses as desired to do so should be permitted, after their clothing had been disinfected, to proceed to Canton, their departure being supervised by the Police, and a sufficient sum of money being given to each person to defray the cost of his passage and his necessary expenses during the voyage.

4. Towards the middle of February the number of cases occurring daily began to show an appreciable increase, and the disease ceased to prevail only in a single district, but appeared to be spreading over the whole City. Consequently on the 19th of that month it was declared by the Sanitary Board to be epidemic and from that date the Health Officer of the Port ceased issuing clean Bills of Health to vessels leaving Hongkong.

5. About the same time the ordinary staff of the Sanitary Board was increased by the appointment as temporary Inspectors of Nuisances of nine European Police constables who were entrusted with the duty of aiding in the supervision of the inspecting, cleansing and disinfecting of houses.

6. It is a somewhat remarkable fact that during the latter part of February and the first three weeks in March, while the disease was increasing in Hongkong, . Canton was reported to have become almost entirely free from it; the immunity it enjoyed being attributed by the Chinese to the cold weather which prevailed during that period.

7. It was, of course, not to be expected that the Chinese would submit with any great complacency to the compulsory inspection, disinfecting and cleansing of their dwellings, which cannot be carried out without causing some discomfort to those concerned, and though, I am happy to say, that they have shown themselves this year more ready than in 1894 to recognise the absolute necessity, in the interests of the public health, of the sanitary measures which have to be adopted, they nevertheless have displayed great unwillingness to come forward to report cases of plague coming under their cognisance. Innumerable have been the devices and subterfuges to which they have had recourse in order to remove patients and corpses from the Colony without the knowledge of the authorities, and, in many instances, with a view to avoiding enforced segregation, they deserted their houses, leaving victims of the disease dead or dying, the bodies not having been discovered till some days after death. One case was brought to light in which a corpse was being conveyed secretly out of the Colony as merchandise in a camphor-wood box.

8. In order, therefore, to allay the suspicions and apprehensions of the Chinese, who as a people are naturally timid, and to induce them to report cases with greater readiness, it was decided, towards the end of March, to permit them to remove their sick to Canton under certain conditions, a copy of which is enclosed, and this privilege was shortly afterwards extended to the removal of corpses. Although this concession has been availed of only to the extent of the removal to Canton of one patient and four bodies, I am of opinion that the grant- ing of it has tended to calm the minds of the native population and to discourage the concealment of cases from the knowledge of the authorities.

9. I am glad also in this connection to be able to state that although a good many of the well-to-do Chinese have removed their wives and families from the Colony, and although the attendance at most of the schools has greatly diminished,

Enclosure 1.

( 3 )

451

Enclosure 2.

there has been no general exodus of the population such as occurred in 1894, and business has so far not suffered to any appreciable extent, except perhaps from the imposition of quarantine by the Governments of Singapore and Batavia.

10. Early in April, the Sanitary Board recommended that, in view of the danger involved in sending inmates from plague infected houses to Canton, where the disease had by that time again assumed formidable dimensions, sheds should be erected in the Colony for their segregation while their clothing was being dis- infected. Three such sheds have accordingly been erected, one each in the Eastern, Western, and Central portions of the City, and are being used for the temporary housing of the inmates of infected houses whilst the latter are being cleansed and disinfected.

11. On the 6th April, I found it necessary to apply to His Excellency the General Officer Commanding for military assistance to aid in the work of house to house visitations and cleansing, and he was good enough to detail for that work 12 men from the Royal Engineers and subsequently 17 men from the Rifle Brigade and 3 Non-commissioned Officers who are cheerfully performing their difficulș work in a most efficient manner. They are being remunerated at the same rate as that fixed in 1894.

12. The search party visits and inspects each Chinese house in the Colony about once in every ten days, and from the 25th February to the 21st April no fewer than 3,200 houses, comprising 8,330 floors, each floor forming, with few exceptions, a separate dwelling were thoroughly cleansed, disinfected and, in many cases, also lime-washed by the "Whitewash Brigade." This work is still in progress. The total number of occupied Chinese houses in the City is 6,350, but as a number of these are occupied by well-to-do Chinese no interference on the part of the Sanitary Board is necessary. It is hoped that before long every house in the City requiring attention will have been cleansed and lime-washed.

13. Having described in detail the sanitary measures which have been taken cope with the disease, I now proceed to deal with the subject from a medical point of view.

14. I am informed by Dr. LowSox that the type of the disease is identically the same as in 1894, a full description of which is given in that officer's report, forwarded in my despatch No. 122 of the 16th April, 1895.

15. I enclose a return showing the number of cases and deaths to date, and the number of cases which have occurred during each week since the 4th January.

16. I may here mention that in order to ensure all possible accuracy in the statistics, the bodies of all Chinese whose deaths are registered but the causes of whose deaths have not been certified by a medical practitioner are examined before burial by the Medical Officer of Health. In proof of the necessity of this step I may state that that officer found that between the 8th February and the 30th April as many as 50 deaths from plague had been erroneously registered as due to other causes, principally Consumption, Bronchitis and Intermittent Fever.

ment.

17. The mortality generally, as compared with 1894, shows a slight improve- The total number of Chinese cases, up to noon on the 4th instant, was 675 and the number of deaths 602, or a little more than 89 per cent., whereas in 1894 the mortality among the Chinese who were treated in hospitals was 93 per cent. and it must also be borne in mind that in the latter calculation no account is taken of dead bodies found in the streets and sent at once to the burial ground, while the returns for the current year include all deaths from the plague. There are, however, grounds for believing that children are more liable to infection than was the case in that

year.

492

(4)

22 persons other than Chinese have contracted the disease during the current year. Their nationalities were as follows:-

Europeans, Indians,

...15

(including Mrs. JOSEPH and her family reported in my despatch No. 87 of 16th April, 1896).

Siamese,

Amongst the Europeans two Sisters of Charity from the Italian Convent have died, having contracted the disease from a case which occurred in that Con- vent. The third case was a Master Mariner named JAMES ERNEST CLOUD, living at a marine boarding-house, who, it is believed, contracted the disease on board 2 Chinese launch running between Hongkong and Kowloon. He, also, I regret to say, succumbed to the attack. The other cases were those of two children of Warder GIDLEY of the Victoria Gaol, one of whom died and the other recovered, and of an Austrian in the employ of Messrs. SANDER & Co. who is still under treatment at the Government Civil Hospital and is progressing favourably towards convalescence. The Siamese died, and of the fifteen Indians six died, four recovered and five are still under treatment.

18. Early in March it was deemed advisable, in view of the possibility of the disease assuming an epidemic form, to procure extra medical assistance, and by the courtesy of Admiral HorrMANN, I was fortunate enough to be able to secure the services of Dr. WILM of the Imperial German Navy, whose eminent attainments as a bacteriologist and intimate acquaintance with this particular disease, which he had previously studied here as well as under Professor Koch in Berlin, render him a most valuable acquisition to the Government medical staff. He arrived here from Japan on the 14th March, since which time he has been actively engaged in treating patients at the Kennedy Town hospital.

19. With regard to the origin of the plague there seems no doubt that it may be classed as a filth disease. It is confined chiefly to the poorer classes of the Chinese, whose dirty and insanitary habits foster its progress. The ordinary Chinaman of the poorer class in this Colony seldom thinks of cleaning his house, and the heaps of dirt and rubbish which the house-cleansing parties removes from one small floor of a house causes the spectator to wonder where the occupant can find room for himself. Many of the houses are, moreover, so situated and constructed as to afford an utterly inadequate supply of light and ventilation and the position is aggravated by the high reats which prevail in this Colony and which encourage overcrowding. The housing of the working classes in Hongkong is an important question the consideration of which should be no longer delayed. I accordingly propose shortly to appoint a Commission to enquire into and report on this matter.

20. It is also a noteworthy fact that the outbreak of the present year, as in 1894, was preceded by a prolonged scarcity of water. In 1894 the rainfall com- menced exceptionally late, and not until the supply of water in the reservoirs was nearly exhausted, while in 1895 the amount of rain which fell was so abnormally small (45.84 inches instead of the usual 90 inches) that it was necessary, in order to husband the supply until the rains of 1896, to place the Colony on a limited supply throughout the dry season of 1895-1896. On the other hand it must not be forgotten that the rainfall of 1894, when it did at last come, was accom- panied by a sudden and very great increase in the number of cases of plague, doubtless because the wet weather drove the Chinese within doors and increased the overcrowding in their houses. The rains this year began early and there is now no scarcity of water in the Colony.

21. With regard to the financial aspect of the situation I will address a further communication to you at a later date. In the meantime I will content myself with remarking that, although the measures which I have described neces-

( 5 )

453

sarily involve a considerable outlay, all possible economy is being exercised, bearing in mind the urgent necessity of complete and comprehensive action in suppressing at all hazards this fell disease, the annual recurrence of which cannot fail to affect prejudicially the prosperity of this Colony. That those measures are bearing good fruit may, I think, be fairly deduced from the figures of the return of cases, which cannot be considered alarmingly high when it is borne in mind that the disease is raging with great virulence in the City of Canton and on the mainland in the neighbourhood of the Colony, and that the population of the Colony has not been diminished by any such extensive exodus of the Chinese as took place is 1894.

22. In conclusion, I desire to state that the Members of the Sanitary Board and its staff deserve great credit for the efficient manner in which they are supervising and discharging duties of an arduous and disagreeable nature, but extra and anxious work has also fallen on other departments. I do not propose on the present occasion to mention the names of individuals deserving of special commendation. I consider that the staff at present employed in plague work aided as it is by departments of Government is sufficient to cope with the existing conditions, but so long as the disease is epidemic in Canton this Colony can never be free from grave anxiety. If the plague continues to rage in that City, may be necessary to endeavour to prohibit Chinese immigration into this Colony from thence, though I doubt whether it will be possible to devise steps for that purpose which will prove really effective. In any case nothing will be left undone which can in any way help to eradicate a disease which has already inflicted great loss and suffering on this Colony and which may perinanently affect its welfare unless it can be prevented from recurring.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient, humble Servant,

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

Enclosure I.

CONDITIONS SUBJECT TO WHICH PERSONS SUFFERING

FROM BUBONIC PLAGUE WILL BE PERMITTED

TO LEAVE THE COLONY.

1. Suitable ambulance boats shall be provided and they shall be towed astern of the S.S. Pasig, S.S. Tai On, or other river steam-boat to Whampoa and Canton, and shall on no account land any person or thing before arriving at Whampoa or Canton.

2. While in the waters of the Colony the ambulance boats shall fly the yellow quarantine flag.

3. While in the waters of the Colony the ambulance boats must lie within the quarantine ground, but they shall if required come to the China Merchants Wharf, Salyingpoon, at 4 P.M. of the day on which they are to be towed to Whampoa and Canton, or at such other time as the Medical Officer of Health may fix.

454

(6)

4. One ambulance boat if required shall leave the wharf every day at such hour as will permit of her being taken in tow, at a point west of the fairway buoy, by the afternoon steam-boat leaving for Whampoa and Canton.

5. Any person desirous of going to Whampoa or Canton by the ambulance boat must notify the Police before 2. P.M. o'clock (or such other hour as the Medical Officer of Health may fix) on the day he desires to leave,

On the receipt of such notification a medical man will visit the premises and if in his opinion the person is suffering from Bubonic Plague the medical man will give a certificate to that effect in the attached form.

6. All persons résiding upon the premises in which a case of Bubonic Plague occurs will be allowed as soon as their clothing has been disinfected to proceed on board a Canton steamboat under the supervision of officers approved by the Sanitary Board.

7. In all cases where persons suffering from Bubonic Plague have elected to proceed to Whampoa or Canton, after their departure, the premises in which they resided shall be fumigated, cleansed, lime-washed, and dealt with as the Sanitary Board may direct.

8. In all cases where persons suffering from Bubonic Plague have elected to proceed to Whampoa or Canton, the clothing and bedding which have been used by them shall be taken possession of by some officer authorised by the Board and destroyed, and such persons must be provided with a new suit of clothing and then removed in an ambulance to the ambulance boat and put on board.

9. No persons, except attendants and those in charge of the ambulance boat, will be allowed on board the ambulance boat without a certificate from a Registered Medical Practitioner approved by the Board, which certificate must be in the form appended hereto, and presented at the time of embarkation when asked for.

10. The ambulance boats on returning to the waters of the Colony shall proceed direct to the Quarantine Ground there to be dealt with as the Sanitary Authority may direct.

11. All food required for the use of the persons on board the ambulance boats shall be put on board when they are at the wharf receiving sick persons. None of the attendants or others on board will be allowed to leave the ambulance boats while they are in the waters of the Colony without the written permission of the Medical Officer of Health.

SANITARY BOARD ROOM,

Hongkong, 21st March, 1896.

HUGH MCCALLUM,

Secretary.

455

(7)

Enclosure 2.

A Return shewing (4) the number of cases of Bubonic Plague which have been reported as occurring in the Colony from the 1st day of January, 1896, to the date hereof, and (B) the number of deaths therefrom during the same period.

Number of cases reported up till noon of the 5th May, 1896,

715

14*

Number of cases reported during the past 24 hours,

Total number of cases reported to date,.

729

Number of deaths reported up till noon of the 5th May, 1896,

Number of deaths reported during the past 24 hours,

629

Total number of deaths recorded to date,..

€39

* 8 of these occurred in the City, 3 in British Kowloon and 3 in the Harbour.

SANITARY BOARD ROOM,

6th May, 1896.

HUGH MCCALLUM, Secretary.

WEEKLY ABSTRACT.

WEEK ENDED.

CASES. DEAths.

WEEK ENDED.

CASES. DEATHS.

4th January, 1896,

Nil.

4th April, 1896,

11th

18th

...

18th

25th

...

2283

77.

1st February,

2nd May,

8th

9th

15th

16th

22nd

23rd

;}

29th

30th

7th March,

6th June,

14th

13th

21st 28th

20th

27th

269

No.-20

HONGKONG.

REPORT ON PLAGUE.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

HON. COLONIAL SECRETARY,

(Minute by the Acting Colonial Surgeon.)

I forward herewith for the information of His Excellency the Governor a short report by Dr. WILM on plague.

This will be supplemented by a further report after more exten·led investigations have been male with the apparatus which is expected shortly from Europe.

20th May, 1896.

No. so h.

130

I-CLINICAL SYMPTOMS AND PATHOLOGY.

J. M. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon.

(a) Most of the cases began without prodromal symptoms. Europeans and servants of Europeans generally show a sudden development of the disease in the middle of work, having felt quite well up to the time of attack. The fever begins suddenly and prostration and the other well known symptoms of Plague rapidly set in. In from 1 to 5 or 6 days after the fever begins, the glands begin to swell-at least as far as they are perceptible by palpation. Some cases show prodromal signs, but they are the minority.

(b) Regarding the general symptoms in my experience there has been a marked facies in the disease. Congestion sometimes increased even to sugillation round the eyes and on the forehead and cheek bones ("Black Death”—Schwarze Tod)-apathy to surrounding events-a certain painful tension, caused by oppression, glowing hot injected eyes, soon sinking back into the sockets, the expression of extreme weakness, dry lips in the later stages of the disease covered with sordes, are the roughly described characteristics of the Plague face.

(c) The tongue is swollen, furred, sometimes dried up, brownish or black as the disease progresses, occasionally with racks or fissures and resembles the worst tongue of the third week of typhus or typhoid fever. In light attacks or in those with a very rapid course this dry stage does not develop so quickly.

(d) The other symptoms of the intestinal tract are want of appetite, great thirst, vomiting, constipation and in many cases later on diarrhoea with bloody evacuations. These symptoms may generally be explained by the fever, but in some cases they are apparently signs of alterations in the structure of the enteric mucous membrane. Indeed, in about 20% (30 in 150 cases), I found hemorrhages underneath the epithelium of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestine, in most cases as petechiae with circumscribed edges but occasionally diffuse. The lymphatic follicles and Peyer's patches were swollen in most cases, sometimes elevated and occasionally detached leaving ulcers without slough and with floating margins. Simple injection of the mucous membrane could be seen in nearly all the cases, but there were some in which the alterations were so general in the intestine that the whole disease seemed to be a primary infection of the intestinal tract, with subsequent infection of the blood, especially if there were no externally apparent localisations of the swollen glands. This occurred in 33 cases out of 150. Apparent or marked localisations are to be understood as painful swellings of the glands exceeding, say, the size of a bean.

(e) The respiration was dyspœnic if there was high temperature. In 20 cases out of 150 there was bronchitis and hypostatic inflammation. Homoptysis occurred in 15 cases (10%). Injection of the bronchial tubes and simple cedema occurred in nearly every case. The cases of bronchitis with bloody expectoration appeared to be more accidental localisa- ons of the Plague germ, as in most cases externally apparent buboes were observed. Pre-disposing catarrhs may have given a good soil for the growth of the bacillus. The bacillus never gave rise to destruction of the tissure here. Tuber- cular disease was only in one case evident. The mortality in bronchitis cases is the same as in non-bronchitis cases.

(ƒ) Fever was present in every case but varied greatly in amount. There was no regular typical curve of the fever to be made out as is usual in almost all the other infectious diseases. It rises in some cases to 106° F. whilst in others it may only reach 102° F. The height of the temperature is no measure of the severity of the disease as patients with little fever of short duration generally die as well. The duration of the fever generally lasts from a few hours to some weeks. In about 30% of the recovered cases, the fever of the infection lasted for about five or six days, and this may be regarded

270

as typical. It is high at the beginning and sinks slowly down, with frequent morning remissions. It may last as long as ten days. After this primary fever a secondary fever occurs in a majority of recovering cases. This is the "fever of absorption" and may lead to weeks of exhausting illness, and cases may die at this stage which were saved in the bottle of infection. This fever is very irregular in duration and height varying according to the extent of destruction and re-absorp- tion of the affected glands.

Herpes occurred in

(g) The skin is in all cases dry and hot. In some cases cold perspiration occurs just before death. There was never anything like a critical or lytic sweat observed. Petechiae of the body were only seen in two cases.

Wounds of the skin were rare and never irritated, no lymphan-

a few cases also.

Four so-called carbuncles were seen.

gitis being present.

() Nervous symptoms are caused by the fever and the overloading of the blood with infections materials. There is generally tremor, deafness, unconsciousness, delirium, in some cases of a violent character.

(i) The heart's action was always weakened, and in many cases dilatation of the right side occurred. Systolic mur- murs and other signs of weakness being apparent.

(k) The urine always showed the presence of albumen-the average being from 1 to 5 % of albumen. In the begin- Ling retention of urine was frequent. The kidneys were congested, the capsules often showing hemorrhages. Abscess of the kidney was never seen, neither was abscess of the liver. The gall-bladder was usually distended.

(1) The spleen was usually swollen and congested the malpighian corpuscles being prominent on the surface of a section.

(m) Having considered the general symptoms of Plague we now have to deal with the most prominent characteristic of Plague, namely, the swollen glands. These may either be superficial and palpable, or intestinal and internal, or a combination of both. The affection of the glands might be called Polyadenitis, Haemorrhagica Infiltrative, a multiple inflammation of the glands with hæmorrhagic infiltration of the glandular tissue, with a tendency to infiltrative periade- nitis, spreading from one gland to another centripetally and forming chains of infiltrated glands. Some of the glands break down. Infiltration may develop very quickly-even in a few hours-and may produce an extensive cellulitis in some cases. The time of development of palpable adenitis is irregular; it may be marked and evident in the first hours of the disease. Even large buboes may form in a few hours after a time when a person has felt absolutely in the best of health. On the other hand we frequently see a patient dying of plague without one being able to feel a single affected gland and only a thorough post mortem examination shows the slightly swollen glands, of lentil, pea or almond size, which show the plague bacillus by microscope and culture-tube. The plague gland in the Polyadenitis form is clinically in many cases indistinguishable from the gland of syphilis, scrofula and lymphadenitis of ordinary septic origin. In many cases the plague gland shows a boggy, gummatous fluctuation, very tender on pressure and complicated with a hæmorrhagic suffusion of the skin over it. Out of 150 cases admitted alive into Hospital the following table shows the localisation of the glandular swelling at the onset of the disease. There were 80 males, 22 females, and 48 children.

Unilateral Inguino-Femoral, Bilateral Inguino-Femoral,

Unilateral Axillary,

Bilateral

Unilateral Cervical,..

Bilateral

Submaxillary Unilateral,

Bilateral,

Cubital Unilateral,

Multiple Buboes,...........

9 =

48%

.13 = 8.5%

0 =

1.3% 2%

1 = 7.5%

4 = 2.7 %

33 cases (22%) were received without a proper bubo. In most of these cases multiple adenitis was found, the general size of the glands being that of a lentil. In the later stages of the disease other buboes formed in different localities and complicated the case. 90% of the cases showed swelling of the intestinal, bronchial and mediastinal glands in different stages.

(n) The mortality of patients admitted alive into Hospital was 80 %. The general mortality must be much greater, as most of the bad cases die before being discovered or in course of transference to Hospital. 76 % died during the first 65 days, 4 % died later on from the 7th to the 19th day. One may say that the former died from the severity of the disease itself, the latter from the after-effects, namely, exhaustion and suppuration. Death was generally caused by paralysis of the heart, in other cases from the brain mischief. The temperature at death is sometimes very high, sometimes subnormal. Convalescence is generally prolonged and often complicated by suppurative fever.

II.-MICROSCOPICAL AND BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION.

Microscopical and bacteriological examination has been very much handicapped by the absence of a large amount of apparatus which is quite indispensable for full investigation in this branch of science, and most of the apparatus had to be supplied privately. The work can therefore be regarded as incomplete till more apparatus arrives from Europe. I can only give a few facts which already seem to be very promising for future work.

271

(a) The examination of the blood on reception of the patients into hospital was the first object for attention as the most easily procurable material for the diagnosis of doubtful cases. By the microscope alone I detected the bacillus in the blood in 32 cases out of 45 examined, i.e., 71% Cultivation of the blood on gelatine and agar agar gave 29 positive results out of 35 cases, and 6 cultivations were negative. This gives 83 % with positive results by cultivation. Of the first 32 patients 26 died, whilst of the latter 29 cases 25 died. These numbers show that one is able to find the bacillus in the great majority of severe cases in the early stage by careful microscopic examination, whilst still 10° more can be recognised by cultivation experiments. In one case streptococci were found besides,

(b) Examination of discharge from newly opened buboes and abscesses showed in all cases examined the presence of the plague bacillus. In about half the number of cases streptococci and staphylococci were found besides. The number of the bacilli generally correspond to the advancement of the swelling and destruction of the gland.

(c) The sputum of 12 plague patients suffering from bronchitis showed 11 positive results on cultivation. one cultivation was negative.

(d) In two cases of cultivation from the fur on the tongue the plague bacillus developed on gelatine.

(e) The culture examination of forces gave positive results in all of the 15 cases examined where well marked euteric symptoms were present. In 8 of these cases no externally apparent bubo was present.

(f) After post mortem examination the various internal organs were frequently examined, and in all cases the tissue of the spleen and in most cases the liver, the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestine, and the lungs gave positive results by culture and subsequent animal experiments.

All these examinations were made carefully and the positive results are beyond any doubt, and as they were made with imperfect apparatus the further experiments will prove more than this. I hope to be able to state whether or not the bacillus is present in the soil of the Colony at different places, in the dirt of infected houses, in the water and latrines, clothes of infected persons, &c.

I will now report shortly about the inoculations performed on different animals. Two pigs, three monkeys, one cat. six rabbits, seventeen guinea-pigs and three mice were operated on. The inoculated substances were diseased tissue and

pure

cultures-two spleen inoculations, seven gland inoculations, two inoculations of the fur of the tongue, one blood culture, two pus cultures, eight fœcal cultures, four sputum cultures. Four guinea-pigs and two monkeys died from plague without being inoculated,

Of eighteen animal inoculations in the abdomen seventeen gave positive results, that is to say, the animals died of plague. Implantation of diseased tissue and pure cultures into the stomach by feeding or introducing them into the œsophagus by glass tube was made in nine cases with five positive results. These cases died showing clinical and anatomical symptoms of plague whilst under observation and on the post mortem table. The other ones-two rabbits, one cat and one guinea pig-were sick for a week, showed irregular fever but recovered. The one case of subcutaneous inoculation which did not die was that of a pig, which showed local inflammation round the site of inoculation but no glandular swelling, and is now twenty-two days after-still alive but apparently not quite well. The seventeen sub- cutaneously inoculated animals which died were 4 rabbits, 10 guinea-pigs, and 3 mice. The five inoculated by the intestinal tract and killed were 1 monkey and 4 guinea-pigs. The death of the six cases which died without inoculation is to be attributed to some of them being purposely kept in cages in which plague animals had been kept and which had not been cleaned and washed in carbolic acid solution as usual, whilst the monkeys were kept under the cages of the other animals so that food, urine and fœces were freely allowed to bespatter their cages. Death occurred in the rabbits and guinea-pigs in from 2 to 6 days after inoculation. One monkey died in five days, the pig in twenty-two days, the mice in from twenty-four to forty-eight hours.

Remarkable points are that in all the cases of subcutaneous inoculation the tissue round the spot of abdominal incision was infiltrated and from there to the glands of the axilla and groin lymphangitic chords could be seen, and the glands of these two cases could be seen swollen as in human plagne cases. The glands in the mesentery were swollen in nearly all cases. The cases dying after feeding with plague tissues or pure cultures showed diarrhoea in one pig and one monkey, the stomach and intestine showed sugillation, catarrh and swelling of the mesenteric glands as well as of the external glands.

These observations justify the opinion that the plague can enter the body-

(1) By the skin.

(2) By the intestinal tract.

There were no cases in this epidemic which I saw where signs of local inflammation round wounds were evident and there are only two cases reported in Hongkong by Dr. Lowson and Dr. AOYAMA, in which plague with lymphangitis from cutaneous wounds the case of AOYAMA himself and NAKAHARA; but even here the opinions and reports differ. But as in- oculation has undeniable success the possibility certainly exists. Infection by the stomach is possible, as 56 % of the cases operated on by feeding experiments succeeded. This percentage means much more than the wounding experiments, as it approximates closely to the natural conditions of life, in fact gives a method of infection without artificial means. may thus argue that in many cases where the plague bacillies reaches the intestinal tract the disease may attack the body. This possibility is proved by the above experiments. Whether the healthy stomach is able to digest these gerins when introduced can only be answered after more animal experiments have been carried out.

Hongkong, May 20th, 1896.

DR. M. WILM.

479

HONGKONG.

No.-30.

96.

REPORT OF COMMITTEE APPOINTED BY HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR TO ENQUIRE INTO AND REPORT ON THE BEST ORGANIZATION FOR A COLLEGE OF MEDICINE FOR HONGKONG.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

HONGKONG, 15th July, 1896.

The Committee appointed by His Excellency the Governor to enquire into and report on the best organization for a College of Medicine for Hongkong have the honour to submit for His Excellency's consideration the results of their delibera- tions. They respectfully offer the following recommendations :--

1. That the title of the proposed College be "The Hongkong College of Medicine."

2. That a Governing Body be appointed, consisting of seven members ——

The Colonial Surgeon,

The Principal Medical Officer of Her Majesty's Forces,

The Deputy-Inspector-General of Royal Naval Hospital,

The Superintendent of the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals, and three others nominated by His Excellency the Governor; and that the Colonial Surgeon be President of the Governing Body.

3. That the Colonial Surgeon be ex officio Principal of the College.

4. That the Government secure the services of a medical man specially qualified to teach Anatomy and Physiology, who shall be a member of the Medical Depart- ment of the Colony, be Lecturer on the subjects named, and act as Superintendent and Secretary of the College.

5. That the Lecturers on other subjects be appointed by His Excellency the Governor on the recommendation of the Governing Body, and that they each receive an honorarium for their services. The sum of one hundred dollars per annum is suggested as a suitable honorarium.

6. That the minimum period of study be five years; and that before commenc- ing study all candidates be required to pass an entrance Arts examination, not lower than that of the sixth standard of the new Educational Code (Hongkong, 1893).

7. That all professional examinations be conducted by independent examiners appointed by the Governing Body, assisted by the lecturers on the subjects under examination.

8. That qualified students be given the title of "Licentiate in Medicine and Surgery of the Hongkong College of Medicine," to be contracted "L.M.S.H," and be registered as qualified to practise under this title in the Colony.

9. That qualified students of the existing College of Medicine for Chinese be permitted to register, if they desire it, under the new Ordinance; and that present students of that College be received into the proposed College without preliminary examination, and given credit for such time as they may already have devoted to medical study.

10. That regulations for matriculation, curriculum of study, professional examinations, sessions, fees, &c., be remitted to the Governing Body, when it has been formed.

480

(2)

11. That the Government Civil Hospital, Lunatic Asylum, Fever Hospitals, &c., be thrown open to the College for purposes of clinical instruction; and that the Authorities of the Military and Naval Hospitals, and of the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals, be requested to similarly place these institutions at the disposal of the College.

The Committee, having examined the plans for a College building prepared by Honourable E. R. BELILIOS, C.M.G., in connection with his generous offer to the present College of Medicine for Chinese, consider that such a building would be admirably adapted to the requirements of the proposed College, and that no better site could be obtained than that which he has offered, on account of its proximity to the Government Civil Hospital.

Finally, the Committee have estimated that an annual grant of $5,600 would be required to meet the expenses of the proposed College, as follows:——

$3,600, as salary of Superintendent, who would probably be provided with quarters in the College building.

$1,000, to provide honoraria for ten lecturers at the rate suggested.

$1,000, to cover laboratory expenses, the wages of coolies, and other incidental outlay.

PH. B. C. AYRES, (with reservations

attached.

Colonial Surgeon, Chairman.

GEORGE J. H. EVATT, M.D.,

Surgeon-Colonel A.M.S., P.M.O., H.M., Troops, China.

HO KAI

J. M. ATKINSON, ( with reservations

JOHN C. THOMSON.

attached.

Reservations by Dr. Ayres and Dr. Atkinson.

Having signed the report of the Committee appointed by His Excellency The Governor to enquire into and report on the best organization for a College of Medicine for Hongkong, dated July 15th, with reservations, we have to point out that we differ from the opinions set forth in paragraphs 7, 8 & 9.

We are of opinion that if" The Hongkong College of Medicine" is to be founded that the conditions as to entrance, examinations and course of study should be as far as practicable in accord with the conditions obtaining in England, otherwise the proposed Licentiateship will give a false impression of the qualifications of its holders and the credit of the College will, in the course of a few years, suffer in consequence.

It must also be borne in mind that if the College is successful after the first years

it is most probable that many of the men leaving annually will have to seek employment elsewhere than in this Colony, it is therefore equally to the advantage of the individual that the highest standard of efficiency should be adopted.

The sixth standard of the new Education Code (Hongkong 1893) does not include in its subjects either Latin or Euclid, and is therefore below the minimum standard required by the General Council under the Medical Act of 1886.

The proposal to allow lecturers on the subjects under examination to assist in such examination is a course not likely to commend itself generally.

481

(3)

It is doubtful whether as a rule the facilities afforded in this Colony with the addition of a lecturer in Anatomy and Physiology are sufficient to enable students to obtain during a 5 years' course the standard of efficiency required by the Generał Council under the Medical Act of 1886.

It must be borne in mind that one of the chief tendencies of Chinese partially trained in Western medicine is the wholesale use of narcotics.

The title of Licentiate in Medicine and Surgery, Hongkong College of Medicine, will be liable therefore in many cases to convey a false impression, and many of its holders will not be sufficiently qualified to practise medicine and surgery without supervision.

It appears desirable that two qualifications should be founded, viz., “native apothecaries," and "Licentiates in Medicine and Surgery." The qualifications, or rather conditions for the latter, being not less than those required by the General Council under the Medical Act; and that the proposed prospectus be referred to the Privy Council in order to ascertain whether they consider it sufficiently com- prehensive.

Dr. THOMSON admits that the present course of study and examination at the College of Medicine for the Chinese is not equal to the standard required by the general Medical Act of 1886, nor have all the students been required to pass any examination in Arts previous to their admittance to the College, and we would here remark that the College, as at present constituted, does not appear to us a

college"

" within the meaning of section 13 of Ordinance 6 of 1884.

46.

Qualified students of the existing College should therefore be required to pass the usual examinations before being allowed to register the qualification, and the present students desirous of continuing their studies in the new College should be required to pass the necessary entrance examination.

HONGKONG, 20th July, 1896.

PH. B. C. AYRES, Colonial Surgeon.

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent, Government Civil Hospital.

Minute of meeting of Committee appointed by Ilis Excellency the Governor to enquire into and report on the organization of a College of Medicine for Hongkong, held in the Legislative Council Chamber on Friday,

10th July, 1896, at 4.30 p.m.

Present:-Dr. AYRES, C.M.G.

Surgeon-Colonel EVATT, P.M.O.

Hon. Dr. Ho KAL

Dr. ATKINSON.

Dr. J. C. THOMSON, Hon. Secretary,

On the motion of Surgeon-Colonel EVATT, seconded by Hon. Dr. Ho KAI, Dr. AYRES was elected Chairman of the Committee.

Surgeon-Colonel EVATT moved, and

Hon. Dr. Ho KAI seconded-

That the title of the proposed College be "The Hongkong College of

Medicine."

482

Carried.

Dr. ATKINSON moved, and

Surgeon-Colonel EVATT seconded.

(4)

That a Governing Body be appointed consisting of seven members :

The Colonial Surgeon.

The P. M. O. of H.M. Forces in China.

The Deputy-Inspector-General of Royal Naval Hospital.

The Superintendent of the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals,

And three others nominated by His Excellency the Governor ; And that the Colonial Surgeon be President of the Governing Body.

Carried.

Surgeon-Colonel EVATT moved, and

Dr. THOMSON seconded-

That the Colonial Surgeon be ex officio Principal of the College.

Carried.

Dr. ATKINSON moved, and

Dr. THOMSON seconded--

That the Government secure the services of a medical man specially quali-

fied to teach Anatomy and Physiology, who shall be a member of the Medical Department of the Colony, be Lecturer on the subjects named, and act as Superintendent and Secretary of the College.

Carried.

Surgeon-Colonel EVATT moved, and

Dr. AYRES seconded--

That the Lecturers on other subjects be appointed by His Excellency the Governor on the recommendation of the Governing Body, and that they receive an honorarium for their services.

Carried.

Dr. THOMSON moved, and

Surgeon-Colonel EVATT seconded-

That the minimum period of study be five years; and that before com- mencing study all candidates be required to pass an entrance Arts ex- amination, not lower than that of the sixth standard of the new Educational Code (Hongkong 1893).

Discussion of this resolution was postponed, that the Code referred to may be submitted to the Committee.

The Committee adjourned until Tuesday next at 3.30 P.M.

Read and confirmed 14th July, 1896.

E. M. EVATT.

(5)

483

Minute of meeting of Committee appointed by His Excellency the Governor to enquire into and report on the organization of a College of Medicine for Hongkong.

held in the Legislative Council Chamber on Tuesday,

14th July, 1896, at 3.30 p.m.

Present:-Surgeon-Colonel EVATT, P.M.O.

Hon. Dr. Ho KAI.

Dr. ATKINSON.

Dr. J. C. THOMSON, Hon. Secretary.

Dr. ATKINSON stated that Dr. AYRES was unavoidably prevented from being present, and moved that Surgeon-Colonel EVATT be appointed Chairman of the meeting. Hon. Dr. Ho KAI seconded, and Surgeon-Colonel EVATT took the chair.

Minute of meeting of July 10th were read and confirmed.

The Educational Code of 1893 having been submitted to the Committee,

Hon. Dr. Ho KAI proposed as an amendment to the resolution consideration of which was postponed from the previous meeting-

That the standard of the entrance examination be left to the Governing

Body, and fixed by that Body from time to time.

Amendment not seconded.

Motion carried by 3 votes to 1.

Dr. THOMSON moved, and

Surgeon-Colonel EVATT seconded-

That all professional examinations be conducted by independent examiners appointed by the Governing Body, assisted by the lecturers on the subjects under examination.

Dr. ATKINSON moved as an amendment.

That lecturers do not take part in the examinations.

Amendment not seconded.

Motion carried by 3 votes to 1.

Hon. Dr. Ho KAI moved, and

Surgeon-Colonel EVATT seconded-

That qualified students be given the title of "Licentiate in Medicine and Surgery of the Hongkong College of Medicine," to be contracted "L.M.S.H.," and be registered as qualified to practise under this title in the Colony.

Dr. ATKINSON moved as an amendment-

That the qualified students be called "Native Practitioners" or " Apothe

caries."

Amendment not seconded.

Motion carried by 3 votes to 1.

Dr. THOMSON moved, and

Hon. Dr. Ho KAI seconded-

484

(6)

That qualified students of the existing College of Medicine for Chinese be permitted to register, if they desire it, under the new Ordinance; and that present students of that College be received into the proposed College without preliminary examination, and given credit for such time as they may already have devoted to medical study.

Dr. ATKINSON opposed the motion in its entirety.

Motion carried by 3 votes to 1.

Dr. THOMSON moved, and

Surgeon-Colonel EVATT seconded----

That Regulations for matriculation, curriculum of study, professional examinations, sessions, fees, &c. he remitted to the Governing Body, when it is formed.

Carried.

Surgeon-Colonel EVATT moved, and

Dr. ATKINSON seconded-

That the Government Civil Hospital, Lunatic Asylum, Fever Hospitals, &c. be thrown open to the College for purposes of clinical instruc- tion, and that the authorities of the Military and Naval Hospitals, and of the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals, be requested to do the same with these institutions.

Carried.

The Committee, having examined the plans for a College prepared by Hon. E. R. BELILIOS, C.M.G., in connection with his offer to the College of Medicine for Chinese, agreed that such a building would be admirably adapted to the requirements of the proposed College, and that no better site could be obtained than that which he has offered, on account of its proximity to the Government Civil Hospital.

The Committee estimated that an annual grant of $5,600 would be required to meet the expenses of the proposed College, as follows :-

$3,600, as salary of Superintendent, who would probably be provided with quarters in the College building;

$1,000, to provide honoraria for other lecturers, allowing for ten lecturers at $100 a year.

$1,000, to provide servants, and laboratory and other incidental expenses.

The Secretary was requested to embody the foregoing resolutions, &c., in a report to His Excellency the Governor, and submit the same for signature to the members of Committee.

485

(7)

(The Governor to Honourable E. R. Belilios.)

GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG, 31st July, 1896.

SIR,

I have the honour to forward herewith for your information a copy of a report of the Committee appointed to enquire into and report on the question of a College of Medicine for Hongkong and to enquire whether you are prepared to extend your generous offer to give a site and to erect a building thereon to be used as a College to an institution placed under Government control, as recommended by the Com- mittee, or whether you have any modifications to suggest.

2. The recommendations of the Committee will, I feel sure, commend them- selves to you, as they are calculated to secure that permanence and continuity which are of primary importance to an Institution such as it is intended the College of Medicine should be, and I trust this will be an additional reason, if such be necessary, for inducing you not to withdraw your liberal offer, which cannot. fail to be of benefit to this Colony.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

E. R. BELILIOS, C.M.G.

His Excellency

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

(Honourable E. R. Beliios to the Governor.)

HONGKONG, 4th August, 1896.

SIR,

I beg to acknowledge receipt of your favour of the 31st ultimo enclosing copy of a report of the Committee appointed to enquire into and report upon the question of the establishment of a College of Medicine for Hongkong and enquiring whether I am prepared to extend my offer to give a site and erect a building thereon to be used as a College to an institution placed under Govern- ment control as recommended by the Committee.

In reply I desire to state that circumstances have changed completely since my offer was made. That offer was made to an institution then struggling for existence, but warmly supported by Dr. CANTLIE and carefully administered by Dr. THOMSON. The former has left the Colony, the latter is relinquishing hospital work, and the other medical practitioners are too much occupied to take any keen interest in the institution.

My interest was largely made up of sympathy with the gallant efforts of the two doctors above named to found a College of Medicine for the Chinese.

The situation is now wholly changed. It has been shown by the recent out- breaks of bubonic plague in our midst and the insanitary condition of the city that the work of educating the Chinese in sanitation and a belief in Western medicine is a work that should be undertaken by the Government.

Under the changed conditions, therefore, I have finally resolved not to extend my offer to the College, much as it pains me to refuse assent to any suggestion coming from your Excellency.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

Governor,

&c..

&C..

&c.

E. R. BELILIOS.

423

Enclosure 1.

Enclosure 2.

Enclosure 3.

Enclosure 4.

His Lordship

HONGKONG.

No. 98.

PAPERS ON THE SUBJECT OF A PETITION ADDRESSED TO THE HOUSE OF

COMMONS PRAYING FOR AN AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION

OF THE CROWN COLONY OF HONGKONG.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

No: 133.

(Despatch from the Governor to the Secretary of State.)

MY LORD MARQUESS,

GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG, 5th June, 1894.

I have the honour to transmit to you a Petition which has been forwarded to me by the Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD and which is addressed to the House of Commons and prays for an amendment of the constitution of the Crown Colony of Hongkong.

I have recently granted Mr. WHITEHEAD six months' leave of absence from the Legislative Council, and he is not only the prime mover in this Petition but the bearer of it to England. I think I am justified in saying that it owes its origin principally to the imposition upon the taxpayers, some three years ago, of the additional Military Contribution of £20,000 a year.

I enclose for your Lordship's consideration a report on this document by Mr. J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, the Acting Colonial Secretary, and also communi- cations from the Honourable J. J. KESWICK, M.L.C., Chairman of the Chamber of Commerce, and the Honourable E. R. BELILIOS, M.L.C., C.M.G., in which thesc gentlemen express their decided opinion that the prayer of the Petition should not be granted.

These papers will be of material assistance in enabling your Lordship to arrive at a decision upon the subject.

The second clause of the Petition seems to me to supply an answer to the several requests of the Petitioners.

It is impossible that Hongkong can have been otherwise than well governed if it has risen to the prosperous condition which the Petitioners claim for it, and that it has reached that pitch of prosperity under the "Crown Colony System" is indisputable.

I concur generally in the criticisms of Mr. STEWART LOCKHART. I believe that the Chinese, who are indifferently represented, and the Portuguese, who are not repre- sented at all, if a plebiscite could be taken, would be in favour of a pure autocracy; the Americans need not be counted, and the Britishers" with the exception of a few "unquiet spirits" would be satisfied to let matters remain as they are. That they are capable of improvement nevertheless, so far as "Municipal" questions are concerned, I admit. During twenty years, however, of Colonial Government, I have not yet been fortunate enough to come in contact with a Mayor and Council, excepting that perhaps of the comparatively small town of San Fernando in

THE MARQUESS OF RIPON,

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies,

&c.,

&c., Downing Street,

London.

424

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}

Trinidad, which was capable of dealing with, and had sufficient time to deal with. purely local affairs, and even in that solitary case the Municipal Body was gene- rally in financial difficulties.

I do not think that in Hongkong a sufficient number of gentlemen of inde- pendent means and spirit and with sufficient leisure could be found to form a capable and energetic Municipal Council.

Personally I should not object to a slight addition to the Unofficial side of the Legislative Council in Hongkong, though I cannot admit the justice or truth of the Petitioners' plea, neither should I object to the appointment to the Executive Council of an Unofficial Member whose long residence and local knowledge would doubtless be of great assistance to the Executive in the preparation of measures to be submitted to the Legislative Council. Practically such assistance could always be obtained if the status quo were maintained, and I may state that I invariably consult the Unofficial Members before bringing into Council measures of purely local interest.

If your Lordship should desire to make or recommend any concession to the Petitioners, I would advise the appointment of an Unofficial Member with a seat in both Councils.

I am aware that there are serious objections to such a step, and that those objections have been pointed out by several of your Lordship's predecessors.

It must not be forgotten that the despatches containing those objections were addressed to Governors of Colonies where Houses of Assembly were in existence.

The difficulties in Barbadoes have been set at rest by the appointment of the Executive Committee which was established during my tenure of office there. In the Bahamas Unofficial Members are still seated at the Executive Council table.

If your Lordship should desire to make any such concession in the case of Hongkong, it would undoubtedly be a very popular, and I do not think, an alto- gether impolitic concession.

If this concession were accompanied by an acquiescence in my suggestion that until the present financial crisis is at an end, the extra £20,000 for Military Con- tribution might, from the 1st January, 1894, be paid in dollars at the rate in force when it was levied, I do not think that in future your Lordship's department would be troubled by any such petitions as the one I now have the honour to forward for your consideration.

I annex for your Lordship's information a "leader" from the North China Enclosure 5. Herald of the 25th May, on the "Petition of the Hongkong Ratepayers" which appears to be a very temperate and sensible criticism of the contents of that document.

I have the honour to be,

My Lord,

Your Lordship's

most obedient, humble Servant,

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

P.S.-The letters from the Honourables J. J. KESWICK and E. R. BELILIOs were

received by me after I had drafted this despatch.

W. R.

To the

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Enclosure 1.)

425

Honourable The Commons of the

UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND IN

PARLIAMENT ASSEMBLED.

RESPECTFULLY SHEWETH :-

THE HUMBLE PETITION of the Undersigned Merchants, Bankers, Professional Men, Traders, Artisans, and other Ratepayers, inhabitants of the Crown Colony of Hongkong.

1. The Colony of Hongkong, situate in the China seas, at the south-eastern extremity of the great Empire of China, is one of the smallest, but by no means the least valuable or important, of Her Majesty's possessions outside of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

2. It is a little over 50 years since the Colony was founded on a barren rock, the abode of a few fishermen and pirates. To-day it is a City and Settlement with upwards of a quarter of a million inhabitants; a trade estimated at about Forty millions of pounds sterling per annum, and a revenue of some Two millions of dollars, wholly derived from internal taxation. Hongkong is a free port, through which passes upwards of Fourteen millions of tons of shipping per annum, and it ranks amongst the very first in the list of the great seaports in Her Majesty's dominions. It is the centre of enormous British interests, and is an extensive emporium of British trade in the China seas, and, while it remains a free port, it is destined to expand and develop, and to continue to be the centre of vast traffic and of constant communication between Europe, the Australian Colonies, the United States, and Canada on the one hand, and China, Japan, the Philippine Islands, British North Borneo, Java, Indo-China, Siam, the Straits, and India on the other.

3. Hongkong has attained to its almost unequalled commercial position, through the enterprise, skill, and energy of British Merchants, Traders, and Ship- owners; through the labours of Her Majesty's subjects who have spent their lives and employed their capital on its shores; through the expenditure of many millions of dollars in Roads, Streets, and Bridges; in buildings, public and private; in extensive Reclamations; in Docks, Piers, and Wharves; and last, but not least, in Manufactures of great and increasing value. The prosperity of the Colony can best be maintained by the unremitting exertions and self-sacrifice of your Peti- tioners and the valuable co-operation and support of the Chinese, and only by the continuance of Hongkong as a free port.

4. Notwithstanding that the whole interests of your Petitioners are thus inextricably and permanently bound up in the good Administration of the Colony, in the efficiency of its Executive, and the soundness of its Finance, your Petitioners are allowed to take only a limited part or small share in the Government of the Colony, and are not permitted to have any really effective voice in the management of its affairs, external or internal. Being purely a Crown Colony, it is governed by a Governor appointed by Her Most Gracious Majesty the QUEEN, and by an Executive and a Legislative Council. The former is composed wholly of Officers of the Crown, nominated and appointed by the Crown; the latter consists of seven Official Members, selected and appointed by the QUEEN, and five Unofficial Members, two of whom are nominated by certain public bodies in the Colony, while the other three are selected by the Governor, and all are appointed by Her Majesty.

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5. The Executive Council sits and deliberates in secret. The Legislative Council sits with open doors, and its procedure appears to admit of full and unfettered discussion, but there is virtually no true freedom of debate. Questions are considered, and settled, and the policy to be adopted by the Government in connection therewith is decided in the Executive Council. They are then brought before the Legislative Council, where the Government-the Official Members being in a majority--can secure the passing of any measure, in face of any opposition on the part of the Unofficial Members, who are thus limited to objecting and protesting, and have no power to carry any proposal which they may consider beneficial, nor have they power to reject or even modify any measure which may in their opinion be prejudicial to the interests of the Colony.

6. In the adjustment and disposal of the Colonial Revenue it might be sup- posed that the Unofficial Representatives of the taxpayers would be allowed a potential voice, and in form this has been conceded by the Government. But only in form, for in the Finance Committee, as well as in the Legislative Council, the Unofficial Members are in a minority, and can therefore be out-voted if any real difference of opinion arises.

;

7. Legislative Enactments are nearly always drafted by the Attorney General, are frequently forwarded before publication in the Colony or to the Council for the approval of the Secretary of State, and when sanctioned are introduced into the Legislative Council, read a first, second, and third time, and passed by the votes of the Official Members, acting in obedience to instructions, irrespective of their per- sonal views or private opinions.

The Legislation so prepared and passed emanates in some cases from persons whose short experience of and want of actual touch with the Colony's needs, does not qualify them to fully appreciate the measures best suited to the requirements of the Community.

8. Those who have the knowledge and experience are naturally the Unofficial Members, who have been elected and appointed as possessing these very qualifica- tions, who have passed large portions of their lives in the Colony, and who either have permanent personal interests in it, or hold prominent positions of trust which connect them most closely with its affairs, and are therefore the more likely to have been required to carefully study its real needs, and to have thoroughly acquainted themselves with the methods by which these are best to be met. On the other hand the offices occupied by the Official Members are only stepping stones in an official career; the Occupants may be resident for a longer or a shorter period in the Colony, and for them to form an opinion on any question which arises, different from that decided upon by the Government in Executive Council, is to risk a conflict with the Governor, and they are therefore compelled to vote on occasions contrary to their convictions.

9. Your petitioners humbly represent that to Malta, Cyprus, Mauritius, British Honduras, and other Crown Colonies, more liberal forms of Government than those enjoyed by your Petitioners have been given: Unofficial seats in the Execu- tive Council; Unofficial majorities in the Legislative Council; power of election of Members of Council; and more power and influence in the management of purely local affairs in none of these Colonies are the Commercial and Industrial interests of the same magnitude or importance as those of Hongkong. Your Petitioners, therefore, pray your Honourable House to grant them the same or similar privileges.

10. Your Petitioners fully recognise that in a Colony so peculiarly situated on the borders of a great Oriental Empire, and with a population largely composed of aliens whose traditional and family interests and racial sympathies largely remain in that neighbouring Empire, special legislation and guardianship are required. Nor are they less alive to the Imperial position of a Colony which is at

}

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427

once a frontier Fortress and a Naval Depôt, the head quarters of Her Majesty's Fleet, and the base for Naval and Military operations in these Far Eastern waters : and they are not so unpractical as to expect that unrestricted power should be given to any local Legislature, or that the QUEEN'S Government could ever give up the paramount control of this important Dependency. All your Petitioners claim is the common right of Englishmen to manage their local affairs, and control the Expenditure of the Colony, where Imperial considerations are not involved.

11. At present your petitioners are subject to Legislation issuing from the Imperial Parliament, and all local legislation must be subsidiary to it. Her Majesty the QUEEN in Council has full and complete power and authority to make laws for the Island, and local laws must be approved and assented to by the Governor in the name of the QUEEN, and are subject to disallowance by Her Majesty on the recommendation of Her Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies.

12. Your Petitioners recognise the necessity and propriety of the existence of these checks and safeguards against the abuse of any power and authority exer- cised by any local Legislature, and cheerfully acquiesce in their continuance and effective exercise, but respectfully submit that, subject to these checks and safe- guards, they ought to be allowed the free election of Representatives of British Nationality in the Legislative Council of the Colony; a majority in the Council of such elected Representatives; perfect freedom of debate for the Official Members, with power to vote according to their conscientious convictions without being called to account or endangered in their positions by their votes; complete control in the Council over local expenditure; the management of local affairs; and a consultative voice in questions of an Imperial character.

Your Petitioners therefore most humbly pray your Honourable House to move Her Most Gracious Majesty the QUEEN to amend by Order in Council the constitution of this Crown Colony, and to grant to your Petitioners, and to the inhabitants of Hong- kong in all time to come the rights and privileges herein before mentioned.

(Here follow 363 signatures.)

Enclosure 2.

Memorandum by the Acting Colonial Secretary (The Honourable J. H. Stewart Lockhart.)

YOUR EXCELLENCY,

In accordance with your instruction: I beg to make the following remarks on the petition to the House of Commons praying for an amendment of the constitu- tion of the Crown Colony of Hongkong.

The document professes to be the humble petition of merchants, bankers, professional men, traders, artisans, and other ratepayers, inhabitants of Hongkong.

The signatories amount to 363; of these 284 are British, 10 Anglo-Chinese, 3 Americans, 4 Portuguese, and 47 British Indians.

The petition is so loosely worded and in certain respects so contradictory that it is not altogether an easy matter to ascertain definitely what the wishes of the petitioners are or who are to be included in the alleged benefits for which the peti- tioners pray.

428

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They, however, appear to be summed up in the last paragraph of the petition as follows:

1. The election of representatives of British nationality in the Legislative

Council.

2. A majority of such representatives in the Council.

3. Freedom of debate for the Official Members with power to vote as

they desire.

4. Complete control in the Council over local expenditure.

5. The management of local affairs.

6. A consultative voice in questions of an Imperial character.

As petitioners point out, Hongkong was founded over 50 years ago on a barren rock, the abode of a few fishermen. To-day the Colony has upwards of a quarter of a million inhabitants, a trade estimated at £40,000,000 annually, and a revenue of some two millions of dollars wholly derived from internal taxation.

As regards the population of Hongkong, the actual figures as ascertained at the last Census held in 1891 were 221,441; out of this total there was a Chinese resident population of 210,995; a resident British civil population of 1,448; a Portuguese population of 2,089; a German population of 208; and an American "population of 93.

Of the British resident population the number of male adults was 795; of the Chinese population the number of male adults was 127,690; that is to say, for every male adult Britisher in Hongkong there were 160 adult Chinese.

The male adult Britishers of this Colony (exclusive of Anglo-Chinese who are not a large class and who, as it is difficult to ascertain their numbers and as it is not possible as a rule to distinguish them from ordinary Chinese, whose views and sentiments they for the most part share, may be counted as Chinese) are composed of heads of and assistants in mercantile, banking, and shipping firms and stores.

The British population of Hongkong is by no means a permanent one as petitioners seem to suggest. The number of persons, to quote the words of the Petition, “who have passed large portions of their lives in the Colony," is very small. Their object in coming to the Colony is to acquire wealth and to return to Great Britain as soon as they possibly can.

It is true that fortunes are not now made so rapidly as formerly, and enforced residence abroad is under the present condition of things of longer duration than it once used to be. But even under these altered circumstances the British popula- tion of Hongkong is always changing. Heads of houses often leave Hongkong to superintend their business in other parts of China or at home, and mercantile assistants are being continually moved from agency to agency. During the last ten years the heads and staff of almost every firm in the Colony have been changed, in many instances, more than once. Undoubtedly there have been British residents who have devoted both time and labour to promoting the welfare of the Colony, but the instances of "self-sacrifice" of personal interests to the public good have been very rare. Indeed, merchants and others make no secret of the fact that the good of their firms is the first object of their consideration, and that everything, public or private, must yield to it; and they have little or no time to devote to outside matters not intimately connected with their own business relations. There is no leisured class in this Colony, which has the time, even if it had the will, to devote to matters of public interest.

It must also be borne in mind that the mass of the population of this Colony consists of Chinese. Between the Chinese and the British merchants there is

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429

absolutely no intercourse except that of a commercial nature. Between the two populations there is a gulf almost as wide as there was a quarter of a century or even fifty years ago.

It is true that there are inore Chinese who can speak English than formerly, but the proportion they bear to the whole is infinitesimal, the large majority of the Chinese being as ignorant of our language as the British resident is of Chinese. Under such conditions as these it is not surprising that knowledge of Chinese, their customs and their peculiar requirements should be a sealed book to the British resident, whose intercourse with the Chinese is of the most limited nature, being almost exclusively confined to a discussion of markets, goods and prices carried on in a jargon called "pidgin" English. With such a medium of expression an interchange of ideas is practically impossible and is, indeed, rarely attempted. When therefore the petitioners in paragraph 8 of their petition describe the Un- official Members as the natural possessors of "knowledge and experience," it is impossible that they can mean "knowledge and experience" of the Chinese and Chinese requirements, for, of them, it is notorious that they are very ignorant.

It is not possible that under such circumstances they can in any way represent them. It perhaps may be this inability which leads the petitioners to seriously recommend that the Chinese should have no representatives, representation being monopolised by persons of British nationality, who are to "have complete control over local expenditure" to the payment of which they contribute but a very small share.

In considering the question of representation it is important to remember that, as petitioners state, "the traditional and family interests and racial sympathies of the Chinese who come to Hongkong largely remain in China," which is simply another mode of saying that the Chinese in Hongkong remain Chinese, a truism which is well-known even to the casual visitor to the Colony. But petitioners seem to forget that in calling attention to this undoubted fact they at the same time unfortunately remind us that representative institutions are not only unsuit- able but quite alien to the mind of the Chinese.

In China the patriarchal system still exists, the unit of society there is the family and not the individual. The modern idea of "one man one vote" is one which a Chinaman can hardly comprehend, and if he does succeed in grasping its meaning, it is an idea which does not appeal to him, as it is opposed to the constitu- tion of society and the theory of government in China. In China taxes are levied and expended by the Government, the people having no voice in or control over expenditure, and the Chinese population of this Colony would be quite content to live under the same system so long as the taxes were fairly levied and expended for the purpose for which they were collected, without any of that peculation which is so rife in their own country. Indeed, they would prefer this system to one which, if the prayer of the Petition is granted, would practically place the levying and expending of their taxes in the hands of a small body of British merchants who may be here to-day and gone to-morrow, and whom the Chinese would be most unwilling to recognize as their lords and masters. It would also weaken the Government in the eyes of the Chinese if its views could be over-ridden by a handful of British merchants.

Among the Chinese there are some residents whom residence abroad or con- nection with foreigners have imbued with notions differing from those held by the rest of their countrymen, but they are a small minority and are not representative of the Chinese view. The Chinese have lived in peace under the British flag in Hongkong for more than half a century; they are quite satisfied with the present form of Government under which the laws are fairly administered without distinc- tion of race; under which their peculiar customs and requirements receive every consideration; and under which taxes are justly levied and honestly expended.

430

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Petitioners estimate the trade of this Colony at £40,000,000 a year, and among other reasons attribute the almost unequalled commercial position to which the Colony has attained "to the enterprise, skill and energy of British merchants," and state that "the prosperity of the Colony can best be maintained by the unremitting exertions and self-sacrifice of Petitioners and the valuable co-operation and support of the Chinese."

Whatever may have been the conditions of trade in this Colony in years gone by, it is a fact I believe acknowledged by British merchants themselves that the modern tendency is for the trade to fall more and more into the hands of the Chinese, though this could hardly be attributed to "self-sacrifice" on the part of the petitioners. The large British mercantile houses of former days are now either extinct or have considerably modified their former methods of conducting business. Instead of merchants now dealing in merchandise on their own account, their transactions are becoming more and more confined to buying or selling on con- mission for or to Chinese, and this, no doubt, is the reason why large mercantile houses do not increase, while smaller mercantile firms, working on a small capital, doing business as commission agents, are increasing. Without the Chinese traders of this Colony, its prosperity would soon wane, and it is in no small degree due to them that Hongkong has reached its present commercial position.

The following statistics will show how large and rapid has been the growth of the Chinese population

RETURN II.

CENSUS OF THE COLONY OF HONGKONG, 1857–1891.

CHINESE.-LAND,

CHINESE. Boat.

Men. Women. Boys.

Girls. Total. Men. Women. Boys. Girls.

Total.

1857,*

1858,..... 35,347 8,864 4,299

1859, 36,257 10,219 4,406

1860,.

43,132 11,315 4,859

1861,......... 58,598 15,308 6,417

1862,...... 63,056 14,252 6,420

1863, 59,819 16,969 8,029

1864,.

57.173 16,587 7,870

1865,.

..... 62,522 17,135 8,448

1866,.

3,311 | 51,821| 11,240] 4,496 3,893 2,296 21,925

3,561 54,443 13,918 6,537 6,265 4,117 30,837

4,276 63,882| 14,482 5,936 5,076 3,065 28,559

5,148 85,471 15,207 7,169 5,271 3,262 30,909

5,172 88,900 16,921 6,212 5,160 3,346 31,639

6,416 91,233 16,223 6.529 4,901 2,881 30,537

6,983 88,613) 14,556 6,188 5,448 3,142 29,334

6,685 94,790 14,421 6,053 3,945

2,466

26,885

58,507 14,761 5,899 5,433 84,600 13,872 5,627 4,692 2,763 26,954

1867, 60,724 17,667 7.299 6,907 92,597 10,564 4,722 3,558 2,479 21,323

1968-69,. 61,052 16,526 7,437 6,716 91,751| 10,397 5,7

5,777 3,494 2,861 22,529

1870-71, 61,028 17,143 6,765

6,765 6,799 91,735| 11,157 | 5,552

1872, 64,514 17,453

1876, 71,126 19,222 8,734 8,341 107,423 9,899 5,165

1881

78,778 21,640 10,922 10,361 121,701 12,674 6,401

1891

113,241 33,523| 16,118| 16,078 |178,960 | 14,449| 6,969 5,886 4,731 32,035

3,982 3,018 23,709

6,748 6,650 95,365 9,457 4,623

3,566 2,553 20,199

4,241 3,440 22,745

5,287 4,627 28,989

* Particulars not ascertainable.

With this increase in the population there has been a corresponding increase in the volume of trade carried on by Chinese not only with Europeans but also among themselves quite independently of Europeans, British or otherwise.

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431

As regards the revenue of Hongkong, it is derived entirely from internal taxation, and amounted in 1893 to $2,078,135.

Most of the taxes fall almost entirely on Chinese. The only tax to which the British and other residents as a whole are subject in the same manner as the Chinese is the tax of 13% levied on the rateable value of house property in Victoria, a smaller rate being levied in out-stations.

This tax yields annually about $470,000, of which over $305,500 are con- tributed by the Chinese and the balance by all the other nationalities combined.

The petitioners, who are not in some instances British and who do not in many cases contribute directly to the taxes, claim "the common right of Englishmen to manage the local affairs and control the expenditure of the Colony." They have, however, carefully omitted to point out that the local affairs include Chinese affairs of which, as has been stated, they are generally ignorant and which the Chinese have shown no desire that the British merchants and other residents should manage, and to indicate that to the expenditure of the Colony of which they desire the control they contribute a very small portion.

Petitioners do not surely wish to maintain that Britishers have an inherent right to control all expenditure be their contributions to the revenue however small! It would be interesting to know in what period of our constitutional history such a right has been asserted or allowed.

As a matter of fact, if taxation is to be taken as the basis of representation, and, seeing that it is as ratepayers petitioners present the petition, it may be inferred that such is the basis they desire, residents of British nationality are at present over-represented in the Legislative Council. That Council now consists of six Official Members (all of whom, by the way, are ratepayers), exclusive of the Governor, and five Unofficial Members. Every one of these Unofficial Members, including the Honourable Ho KAI, is of British nationality. Of the five Unofficial Members two are natives of Great Britain, two are natives of India, and one is a native of Hongkong. The Chinese properly so called are not represented at all, for, though the Honourable Ho KAI is of Chinese descent, he is a native of Hong- kong and therefore of British nationality. But petitioners are not satisfied with the excessive representation they already possess; they now desire a majority of members of British nationality in the Legislative Council, which would mean at least an iu- crease of three members. They say they ought to be allowed "the free election of representatives of British nationality," but they do not suggest how this free election is to be conducted, nor do they state whether the right of election is to be restricted as to nationality. Seeing that the petition is signed by British, American, Portuguese and Chinese it might be inferred that the right of election is not to be in any way restricted, but is to be exercised by all ratepayers alike regardless of nationality. Were the franchise limited to persons of British nationality this would practically restrict the right of voting to the 800 adult British residents and to Anglo-Chinese subjects who are a very indefinite and by no means numerous class. Of these 800 adult Britishers not many have any interest or stake in the Colony beyond their own employment, and the Anglo-Chinese community, being as a class imbued with Chinese views and sentiments, it seems unreasonable to grant them a privilege which is withheld from the other Chinese, who form almost the whole of the population, who contribute by far the largest proportion of the taxation, and who have by far the largest interest of any nationality in the Colony. On the other hand if the right of election is to include aliens, Chinese numbers would swamp those of any other nationality; the Council would be constituted entirely as the Chinese might desire, and it would be quite possible for them to elect none but Anglo-Chinese Members. At present three of the Members of the Legislative Council are nominated by the Governor, one is elected by the Justices of the Peace, who are British subjects, and one by the Chamber of Commerce. The latter

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institution is composed of persons of all nationalities, so that aliens now have a vote of which they would be deprived if the election of members of Council is to be confined to persons of British nationality.

Petitioners state that there is "no true freedom of debate" in the Legislative Council, and seem to imply that the views of the Unofficial Members are invariably disregarded. Every one who is acquainted with the bistory of Hongkong knows that the utmost freedom of debate is allowed on all matters brought before Council. A reference to the pages of the local Hansard will show how every measure is thoroughly debated before being adopted and what regard is paid to the views of the Unofficial Members. The same work bears witness to the ignorance of Chinese matters displayed by some Unofficial Members.

Petitioners seem to regard it as a grievance that Legislative enactments are drafted by the Attorney General. The Attorney General would, it is almost certain, be only too ready to allow members of Council or others ambitious of figuring as legal draftsmen and who are able to fulfil the object of their ambition to share with him his labours in this respect. But as it is part of his duties, for which he is paid, to draft Ordinances, it is only natural that he should do this work especially as volunteer draftsmen have still to be found. Unofficial members of Council have never yet suggested a Legislative measure which has not received the consideration of the Council, and within the last few years more than onc measure has been brought forward by an Unofficial Member and passed into law. As an example it is sufficient to mention the Share Bill introduced by the Honourable J. J. KESWICK and passed into law by the Legislative Council. On the other hand the Unofficial Members have not infrequently strongly opposed and striven to prevent passing into law measures which they have been afterwards compelled to acknowledge by incontrovertible facts as of great benefit to the Colony. When the Stamp Ordinance, which still exists, was introduced by Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL the Unofficial Members raised a hue and cry declaring that the Governor would ruin the Colony if the law were carried. The law was carried; the Colony prospers; and the revenue receives a valuable addition from its stamp duties. This simply illustrates that to err is as human on the part of Unofficial Members as of others.

The statement in the Petition that Legislative enactments "are frequently forwarded before publication in the Colony or to the Council for the approval of the Secretary of State" and then rushed through the Council without consideratiou is not in accordance with facts. No reason exists for such action seeing that to every Ordinance which has passed the Council a suspension clause can be added, suspending the carrying into force of an Ordinance until Her Majesty's confirmation For disallowance has been received. Unofficial Members themselves have frequently

requested the addition of such suspension clauses to Ordinances.

Reference has already been made to the knowledge and experience of Unoffi- cial Members which petitioners regard as theirs by nature; the length and object of their residence in the Far East have been touched upon; and allusion has also been made to their want of leisure to study any problems outside their own business sphere.

Petitioners' reference to the Official Members "whose offices are only stepping stones in an official career" and who may be resident in the Colony for a longer or shorter period is misleading.

There are at present in the Legislative Council six Official Members exclusive of the Governor.

(1) The Colonial Secretary whom even the Unofficial Members regard

as one of the best officers this Colony has ever possessed.

(2) The Attorney General whose work is of a technical nature and confined entirely to legal matters, which as a rule do not require local knowledge.

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(3) The Registrar General who is the officer entrusted with the adminis-

tration of Chinese affairs and who requires a special knowledge of local affairs and requirements. The present holder of the post has been in the Colony fifteen years, and has held his present post for seven years.

(4) The Colonial Treasurer who is entrusted with the collection of

revenue, &c. and who has been in the Colony 13 years.

(5) The Director of Public Works who has been in the Colony seven

years.

(6) The Harbour Master who has been in the Colony ten years.

As a matter of fact the Official Members of the Legislative Council not only now are, but during the last twenty years have as a rule been long resident in the Colony, their residence being as a rule of as long duration as that of the Unofficial Members, who, as has already been pointed out, do not generally remain perma- nently in Hongkong.

Petitioners quote Malta, Cyprus, Mauritius and British Honduras as examples of Crown Colonies enjoying more liberal forms of Government than those enjoyed in Hongkong and add that "in none of those Colonies are the commercial and industrial interests of the same magnitude and importance as those of Hongkong." But Petitioners might at the same time have pointed out, as the late senior Un- official Member Mr. RYRIE used to say: "Hongkong is a place sui generis." In none of the Colonies mentioned are the conditions either of population or situation the same as those of this Colony, nor is the Imperial position of them like Hongkong which," to quote the words of the petitioners, "is at once a frontier fortress and "a naval depôt, the head quarters of Her Majesty's fleet, and the base for naval and military operations in these Far Eastern waters and of which Petitioners are not "so unpractical as to expect that the Queen's Government could ever give up the (4 paramount control.” But notwithstanding this disclaimer, petitioners who include not only British subjects but also Americans, Portuguese and Chinese pray for a consultative voice in questions of an Imperial character; and claim the com- mon right of Englishmen!

The Petitioners also pray for unofficial seats on the Executive Council. There are obvious objections to giving a seat on the Executive Council to private indi- viduals with personal interests in the Colony. At the same time such a departure from the usual constitution of Crown Colonies would have its advantages. An Unofficial Member of Executive Council would form a link between the Executive Council and the Unofficial Members of the Legislative Council, which might lead to beneficial results in the adininistration of affairs, but such a member would have to be a resident of experience, well-known for his public spirit, and ready to subor- dinate his own interests and personal considerations to the general welfare of the Colony. Such residents, no doubt, there are in Hongkong, but it will not be casy to induce them to come forward, for, as has already been stated, British residents in this Colony are engrossed in their own occupations, which so monopolize their attention that they are not often able, even if they are willing, to give up much time to the discussion or consideration of matters of public importance, which do not immediately concern themselves or their business.

To sum up, the petition is signed by certain residents in Hongkong, includ- ing British subjects and aliens, who desire the free election of a majority of Unofficial Members, who are to be British subjects. Petitioners do not state clearly in whom the free election of such a majority of members is to vest, or what is to be the basis of representation. If representation is to be based on taxation and the right of election is to extend to all nationalities alike, the Chinese, who so largely outnumber all other nationalities, will be able to carry the clection of any member for whom they may vote. If the so-called free election of members be

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restricted to British subjects, which is believed to be the real object of the Petitioners, the electorate will be confined to a handful of Britishers, numbering about 800 male adults, exclusive of the Anglo-Chinese, who are not a numerous class, whose sympathies are almost invariably Chinese, and who have at the pre- sent time a representative in the Legislative Council, the Honourable Ho KAI. These 800 Britishers are already represented in the Legislative Council by four Members, though the amount of the taxation contributed by them is very small when compared with that contributed by the Chinese, whose adult male popula- tion amounts to 127,690, but who are at present unrepresented and who, not being Britishers, under the new arrangements proposed by the Petitioners, will not be qualified for seats on the Legislative Council, which are to be reserved exclusively for persons of British nationality. If the Unofficial Members are to be in a major- ity, as Petitioners pray, the Chinese, who are unaccustomed to the principles of representation, and who have evinced no desire for its extended application in Hongkong, will have to witness the spectacle of the representatives of the Impe- rial Government being over-ridden and defeated by a majority elected from a small number of British residents-an object lesson which would certainly not tend to raise the prestige or strengthen the authority of British rule in the eyes of the Chinese.

The Petitioners desire to have complete control over local expenditure, to which they contribute but a small portion, and at the same time to exclude from having any voice in such control the Chinese, from whom most of the revenue of the Colony is derived.

They wish to have the management of local affairs, which must necessarily include Chinese affairs, of which most of the Petitioners are notoriously ignorant and which the Chinese have shown no desire to entrust to the management of an elected majority of representatives of British nationality.

The Petitioners, British and alien, ask for a consultative voice in questions of an Imperial character. What these may be it is somewhat hard to divine, but it is obvious that no alien should have any voice in such matters. Whether British subjects in Hongkong, including Anglo-Chinese, whose sympathies, as already pointed out, are as a rule Chinese, should be consulted on Imperial matters is a question which appertains to the Imperial Government, and may be safely left to it for an answer.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Acting Colonial Secretary.

26th May, 1894.

Enclosure 3.

(Honourable J. J. Kesunck to the Governor.)

HONGKONG, 5th June, 1894.

SIR,

In compliance with your Excellency's request, I have now the honour to state my views on the subject of the Petition to the House of Commons recently signed by a large number of persons in this community.

I now proceed to speak in regard to the substance of the Petition, but 1 will refrain from criticizing it clause by clause as it seems unnecessary. I challenge, however, its general statements which have been marshalled in such form as to

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convey the idea that the petitioners and the Chinese community by a long period of self-sacrifice have made this Colony what it is, and that its prosperity can best be maintained by their unremitting exertions, by the self-sacrifice of themselves, "and by the co-operation and support of the Chinese."

While admitting the unquestioned importance to the Colony of its present citizens, Hongkong does not, as a matter of fact, owe its importance to the petitioners in any such exclusive manner, but to fifty-three years of enlightened and prudent government, to a long line of able and esteemed men and firms of all nationalities, to local industries, to Banks and Steamboat Companies-most of them with British capital-and to Chinese, all of whom moved by no sentiment but that of gain live here for the purposes of business exclusively. Europeans and Americans do not come here to sacrifice themselves for the Colony, but to make money, and as soon as they have enough they retire to their own countries.

The Chinese are essentially a changing element in the community, most of them being domiciled both in Hongkong and on the adjoining mainland. There could be nothing further from the fact than a contention that the Chinese residents in Hongkong are here as colonists interested in the place, its prosperity, and with its future, for, they have no sympathy with its Government, its laws, or its progress, apart from their individual interests.

A careful study of the Memorial will reveal that the framer of it had some difficulty in stating precisely what the grievances of the petitioners are, and he has failed to make any suggestion how the remedies prayed for are to be applied.

I think I may sum up the prayer of the petition in the following requests :-

1. The free election of Unofficial Members of Council.

2. A working majority of Unofficial Members of Council.

3. Complete control by the unofficial majority over the expenditure.

of the Colony.

4. Management of Local Affairs.

5. A consultative voice in matters of an Imperial character.

I will take each of these requests in turn.

A.-The free election of Unofficial Members of Council.

There is nothing that I can conceive of that might lead to more serious consequences to the good repute and usefulness of the Legislative Council than this proposal. Should this request be granted the Legislative Council would certainly have from time to time a most undesirable unofficial element who would not command public confidence, and the most important interests in the Colony would not be represented, but on the contrary, possibly be signalled out for discriminate treatment.

B.-A working majority of Unofficial Members of Council.

I do not contemplate for a moment the possibility of such a request being granted, and I base my opinion on the following considerations. Looking to the importance of Hongkong not only from a commercial point of view but also as a naval and military station, and to its proximity to China, to its Chinese inha- bitants who look upon it as China, and to the desire of China to resume it if opportunity afforded, I cannot imagine any Ministry (or House of Commons) parting with the absolute and certain control over it, always and readily exercis- able by the Imperial Government. Such control can only be effectively main- tained by retaining the existing form of local Government in the Colony, ¿.e., Gov- ernment through a Governor with the command of an official majority in the Legislative Council.

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C.-Complete control by the unofficial majority over the Expenditure

of the Colony.

This is a proposal that some half dozen men representing, say, eight hundred ratepayers should dispose of the revenues derived from over 200,000 Chinese rate- payers and derived also from local industries and British capital.

Assuming that the Unofficial Members were all elected and that they had a working majority, it may be conceived what evils would arise in the local Legisla- ture if they could dispose of its revenue as they might elect.

If this prayer were granted it would be necessary in common justice to give the Chinese adequate representation based either (a) on numbers, or (b) on taxa- tion. In either case the Chinese must indisputably be given their full weight, in the case of (a) in respect of their numbers, or in the case of (b) in respect of the taxes paid by them. In either case where would British interests in Hongkong be ?

D.-Management of Local Affairs.

What are local affairs?

The drainage, roads, wharves, harbour, police, Treasury, Post Office, Educa- tion, in fact all departments of Government which it is proposed to hand over to an unofficial majority of persons. The evils that would spring from such a con- cession would destroy all confidence in the administration of affairs, and introduce the Colony to the municipal experiences of New York and San Francisco.

•

E-A consultative voice in matters of an Imperial character.

I do not understand what Hongkong has to do with matters of an Imperial character beyond her responsibilities as a Crown Colony of Great Britain, and it is not apparent to me in what way the Unofficial Members could exercise the pri- vilege prayed for if granted.

A distinction is made in words between local affairs and Imperial affairs, but in all cases where the discussion sets out with general phrases the difficulties are found when they come to be practically defined. In this case the petitioners agitating for power to manage a certain class of affairs ought to have specified with the greatest precision what those affairs are, otherwise how can any effect be given to their demand?

There is not much more that I can usefully add in the way of criticism of this very short-sighted, and, as I view it, mischievous Petition, which I have endeavoured to consider with an open, unprejudiced mind as to the motives which underlie it, and its substance, but I would perhaps do well to make a few general remarks on the whole subject.

A revolutionary change in the Government, even of a sinall Colony, requires the most cogent reasons to justify it, and the demand for popular Government ought at least to come spontaneously from the people who are aggrieved by the existing régime. In this case both these conditions are wanting. The grievance is not defined but is hidden away in hypothetical generalities, and there is nothing about the "movement" to show that it is the outcome of any genuine public feel- ing.

The proposal is crude and shapeless, and has not been thought out by the authors. They ask for representative Government, while carefully avoiding any specification of the electoral body or the mode of election, or the qualifications of the representatives. They wish to introduce an entirely new thing, but cannot get beyond the terminology appropriate to the existing régime.

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The petitioners propose that the Unofficial Members of Council should be chosen by the people, but they fail to say by whom, or by what section, or by what process. These are matters of detail, but the petitioners have not grasped them, and in a proposed reconstruction of the Government to remedy alleged evils they were bound to state in what manner the end was to be accomplished, and to show that they would not open the door to greater evils than those they sought to

remiove.

Under a nominally popular Government as in that of New York, for example, (to which I have already referred), the greatest abuses may be perpetuated, and it is almost impossible to conceive a representative Government properly so-called put into operation in a peculiar place like Hongkong without the worst abuses cropping in. I can see room for and danger of the worst abuses! It is incumbent on those who agitate for a change to show how they mean to prevent such abuses, and to do this the petitioners ought to have laid bare their scheme in full detail.

I have an impression that if the promoter or promoters of this Petition had called the community together publicly and explained distinctly what they really wanted, the good sense of the persons who hurriedly signed the Memorial would have prevailed, and the Petition would not have gone further, nor the community have been thrown into gratuitous antagonism to the Government.

It may not be out of place if I now venture to express my personal opinion with regard to the number of Unofficial Members of Council.

I consider that for all practical purposes the present number of five is suffi- cient, but as there is a good deal of feeling expressed from time to time that those persons of European and American nationalities who are neither members of the Chamber of Commerce nor Justices of the Peace have no representative in Council, I would recommend that they should have one, and that their voting privileges should be based on the rents they pay.

I think that it would be of considerable assistance to the Government to have one Unofficial Member of Council of English birth in the Executive Council. Many questions continually arise in which knowledge and experience outside the circle of Government might be of considerable value, and add to the Executive strength.

In conclusion, I would strongly deprecate the addition to the Legislative Council of a second representative of the Chinese.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your Excellency's most obedient Servant,

70 His Excellency

Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.

J. J. KESWICK,

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DEAR SIR,

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Enclosure 4.

(Honourable E. R. Belilios to the Governor.)

HONGKONG, 29th May, 1894.

I am in receipt of your letter of the 21st instant informing me that a petition to the House of Commons has been forwarded to you by Mr. WHITEHEAD with the request that you will send it to the Secretary of State, and asking me, as an old resident and a member of the Legislative Council, to give my opinion in regard to that petition. As you opine I am fully aware of the prayer of that petition, and it is no doubt within your knowledge that I declined to append my signature to it.

I avail myself with much pleasure of the opportunity now afforded me to set forth the reasons that prompted me to adopt a course in opposition to that taken by the majority of my unofficial colleagues in the Legislative Council.

I am of opinion that a somewhat larger share in, and control over, the adminis- tration of purely local affairs should be conceded to the British taxpayers of this Colony; but I think the petition goes too far. It contemplates the utter swamp- ing of the official element in the Legislative Council and the introduction of Un- official Members into the Executive Council. I am not prepared to advocate such a sweeping change. I consider that British Imperial interests must always be paramount here because this island is only a commercial depôt and coaling station -a mere fortified rock--on which there can be no permanent local interests of any magnitude. I am not aware of a single British resident who regards this island as his home; we are all birds of passage, giving place, every few years, to another set of, shall I say, commercial swallows. There is no planting interest; no estates handed down from father to son, as is the case in Mauritius, Cyprus, Malta, &c. where the settlement of the soil preceded the British Government, not as happened in this Colony, where the settlers followed the establishment of the administration and then consisted of trading hongs. It may be objected that the Officials are also only temporary residents, but they at any rate carry on a settled policy and are responsible to a higher authority, while the successors to the Unofficial Members may hold widely different views to those animating my colleagues and may represent a dwindled British interest.

In the event of a large increase in the number of Unofficial Members of the Legislative Council being conceded, I am very doubtful whether, even now, suitable

men

with the needed leisure could be found whose position would admit of their acceptance of the duties and responsibilities involved. Most of the remain- ing representative residents have their time so fully occupied that they would be compelled to decline the honour. But supposing that good legislators could now be found, I am by no means satisfied that there would always be fitting successors to them or that the interests we leave behind us here would be safe in their hands, that is, of course, supposing the unofficial element to be in the majority. Personally I confess I would prefer to trust in the future to officials of whose probity I need feel no doubt and of whose policy no speculation need be entertained to a body of elected representatives who might in years to come be returned to office largely by Chinese or mixed votes, pledged to a policy I could not approve and which might have disastrous effects for the Colony. There might come a time even when schemers would find it to their advantage to enter the Council, in order to promote projects for their own personal enrichment or aggrandisement. This has happened in some countries, and if the power became vested in the elected members of Coun- cil it might some day happen here. We cannot claim any monopoly of civic virtue. It is opportunity that often creates the boodler and the rogue. What better illustration of this can be given than the case of JABEZ BALFOUR--the coin-

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pany promoter and absconder, whose extradition is now being sought from Argen- tine? I am not therefore inclined to vote for the provision of the opportunity. Perhaps some of the signatories to the petition have not looked quite so far ahead as I have. I have lived in this Colony for many years-the best part of a lifetime --I have seen repeated changes in the personnel of the community, and I have witnessed several important changes in the local conditions. There will be further changes, and they may not always make for the better.

Paragraph 2 of the Petition ascribes the prosperity and progress of the Colony to the enterprise, energy, and commercial acuineu of the commercial community, and undoubtedly much will, I trust,-being a merchant myself-be credited to them by the Imperial Government and the House of Commons. At the same time I think no small share in the growth of Hongkong's trade and importance is due to its stable government during the half century of its existence as a British Crown Colony.

As I intimated at the outset, I think that the unofficial element in the Legis tive Council might be increased, but I do not consider that it would be well for the Colony to allow it to attain a position whereby it could over-ride the Government. I at least do not forget that in the event of the Governor of the day proving arbi- trary or unreasonable the Colonists have always the resource of an appeal to the Secretary of State: this has rarely failed them in the past, and is not likely to prove less efficacious in the future. Moreover, and this is a consideration to which I think my fellow-colonists should attach some weight, the Officials in the Colonial Office have had a vast and varied experience of legislation in scores of colonies, where all kinds of conditions prevail, and they can and do afford the Colony great assistance in legislation, sending out drafts of Bills that have worked smoothly elsewhere to be adapted to local circumstances. The Colonial Office is also in some cases a useful restraint on local extravagance, and when it occasionally, from want of appreciation of local conditions, urges a needless outlay like that for the proposed New Gaol, it has been found possible by prudent Governors to postpone and ultimately avoid it.

I have no mind to try an experiment which might, in homely language, prove a leap from the frying pan into the fire. In England the majority of the people are now thanking God that they possess, in the House of Lords, a check upon rash and excited legislation, and I think that in this Colony we should not be impatient of what are not so much leading strings as safeguards for sound administration in a place where the vast bulk of the population consists of natives of the adjoining great semi-civilized and not too-friendly Empire.

Believe me,

To His Excellency

Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

&c.,

&c.

Dear Sir,

Yours very faithfully,

E. R. BELILIOS.

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Enclosure 5.

(Extract from the “North China Herald" of the 25th May, 1894.)

The ratepayers of Hongkong, or such of them as have signed the petition to the House of Commons, which was printed in the N. C. Daily News of the 10th instant, have resorted to a strong measure for the redress of their constitutional grievances. In passing over all intermediary agencies, the Governor of the Colony, the Colonial Office, and even Her Majesty's Government, the petitioners have emphatically expressed their distrust of the powers that be, and have intimated that a case of such paramount importance can only be worthily dealt with by the ultimate depository of authority in the empire-the British people. It is undoubtedly a bold move, inasmuch as the slight passed on the local Officials will naturally arouse their opposition to the scheme, and if the petitioners fail to enlist the House of Commons in their cause they fail altogether, as the faculty of appeal has been deliberately dispensed with.

Of the severity of the grievance which it is sought by this exceptional effort to redress it would be impertinent for any but an experienced colonist to express an opinion. The petition itself gives no clue to it, for it confines itself to a priori inferences, showing by argument the evils which might be expected to arise from the anomalous partiality in the distribution of power which the actual constitution of the Colonial Government perpetuates.

Being

: But the anomalies of the British Constitution extend to all its offshoots. the product of expediency and experience alone there is scarcely any feature in it which can be correctly dignified with the name of a principle. It possesses the flexibility of an organic thing, and not the rigidity of an iron casting. It is never therefore successfully attacked on abstract grounds. Even hereditary legislators are safe until some specific wrong-doing is brought home to them, or, at the very least, formally alleged. So far, however, as can be gathered from the text of the Hongkong petition the wrongs of the petitioners are hypothetical; consequently the necessity of reform may easily lose itself in a haze of theoretical discussion.

Another weak point in the movement appears to us to be the somewhat, perhaps unavoidably, pointless conclusion of the petition. In the twelfth and last paragraph, where by the laws of construction of documents of that kind one would expect to find the force of the whole concentrated like the point of a steel shell, we find the wants of the petitioners somewhat spread out.

"They ought to be allowed the free election of representatives of British nationality in the Legislative Council of the Colony; a majority in the Council of such representatives; perfect freedom of debate for the Official Members, with power to vote according to their conscientious convictions without being called to account or endangered in their positions by their votes; complete control in the Council over local expenditure; the management of local affairs; and a consultative voice in questions of an Imperial character.'

This somewhat extensive order will be apt to appal the House of Commons, to which these innocent-looking propositions may open out the vista of another Home Rule Bill. Taken in detail, every one of them bristles with difficulties which no House of Commons can solve, and which must eventually be referred back for local solution. For instance the first, "the free election of representatives of British nationality." What, it will naturally be asked, is "free election ?" and by whom? and what exactly is British nationality? Is it synonymous with British race? The only allusion to any electoral constituency is in the caption of the petition itself, where the petitioners describe themselves generally as "ratepayers." The ratepayers, however, in Hongkong, as in Shanghai, are of all nationalities and races. And if they are all to unite in electing representatives who must be of British

}

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nationality, a new anomaly may be introduced as little conducive to the welfare of the Colony as any that are to be got rid of. Obviously there is a difficulty here which the House of Commons is to be left to find out for itself, and then to overcome: the best way it can.

As to the freedom of conscience on the part of the Official Members of Council;" by what power or machinery is the House of Commons to secure this? An Official voting against the Governor would probably not consider himself any more secure for a governmental declaration that he was allowed freedom of speech. His promotion or his leave might be stopped, or his social relations embittered, without any one being required to give the reason. "The management of local affairs," would necessitate a definition of local affairs; which also would be required in order to distinguish the local from Imperial expenditure.

No doubt these difficulties are fully recognised by the petitioners, who may have purposely avoided details in order to gain a first hearing for their case in the abstract. And this may be good tactics. All depends on the agency by which the House of Commons is intended to be worked upon.

We have said that out of the British Constitution and its colonial offspring it is hard to deduce any fixed principles which may be safely applied universally; what are called principles being mostly word fetishes. If an exception may be made it would be in favour of the eternal principle of right that "taxation implies representation." To this principle the Hongkong ratepayers refer in a delicate and indirect manner, though some of their advocates in the Press take stronger ground:.

The difficulty of applying the principle in the circumstances was no doubt the reason why the petitioners laid such slight stress on it. They want British representatives, exclusively, but as the ratepayers are British only to the extent of per thousand of the population of the Colony, where would the representative government come in?

These and other difficulties, of theory and practice, will no doubt crumble away before the triturating force of free discussion. As to the broad question whether democratic government is suitable, desirable, or practical for so unique a. community as that of Hongkong, it would probably depend less on general considerations than on the personnel. "That which is best administered is best;" and the practical effect of any kind of government is very much a question of whò administers it.

The outside view of Hongkong, the view of visitors and short time residents. appears to be that it has on the whole been very well governed. The Colony compels the admiration of friend and foe alike. Undoubtedly there are and must be flaws. We hope never to live in a place which is free from them. But it is sometimes easier to perceive the slight evils we are actually suffering from than to realise the greater evils which may follow. If Hongkong had a homogeneous population of 250,000 Englishmen, or even of any kind of Europeans there would no doubt be a sufficient number of them eligible for public functions and competent to fairly "represent" the people. But out of seven hundred busy men the chances of getting the requisite number who will honestly devote the necessary time to un- paid public business must always be small. True, in every Council for the last fifteen years there has been one-rarely two-Unofficial Members who have not only given their time, but have entered heart and soul into the affairs of the Colony. But a continuous: succession of such men can scarcely be reckoned on. The fluc- tuating vigour of Chambers of Commerce, which usually depend on the personality of one man, is not of good augury for an honorary and yet efficient public repre- sentation. Even the example of directorates of local companies, which do pay, scarcely affords a certain guarantee of a perfectly effective representation.

There is one principle of more universal application than that of taxation and representation; it is self-interest. The one active man chosen out of a sinall cons+

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tituency may be found in the long run to represent himself, his family, his firm, or his clique rather than the general public; and that is a danger to which small democracies are peculiarly liable. Even as regards Hongkong itself it has been said the only things in the job line ever perpetrated have been done, not by the Official but by the Unofficial Members of Council, whom it is desired to place in a permanent majority.

HONGKONG.

No. 135.

SIR,

(Despatch from the Secretary of State to the Governor.)

DOWNING STREET.

23rd August, 1894.

I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 133 of the 5th of June last enclosing a petition addressed to the House of Commons by various residents at Hongkong praying for an amendment of the constitution of the Colony.

2. This petition was forwarded to you by Mr. WHITEHEAD, Member of the Legislative Council, and though, among his colleagues in the Council, Mr. Keswick and Mr. BELILIOS have refused to sign it, it bears the signatures of Mr. CHATER and Dr. Ho KAI, both Members of the Council, of Mr. JACKSON, Manager of the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank, and of other leading residents. I am therefore bound to assume that it is the matured conviction of at least a considerable propor- tion of the most influential members of the community that constitutional changes are desirable at Hongkong and that for the present Crown Colony System should be substituted some measure of self-government. It is my duty to examine the arguments which have been brought forward, with care and attention; and I should be wanting in courtesy if I did not give a full answer to a petition, which is far reaching in its scope, and which has been strongly supported.

3. The petitioners have addressed themselves to the House of Commons, as they have of course every right to do. From this it is natural to infer that they consider that they have grounds for discontent, which the Secretary of State is unwilling or unable to remove, and that they wish to emphasise in a suitable and reasonable manner the objections which they feel to the existing system.

4. They ask that, subject to Imperial checks and safeguards, they may be granted-

(a) "The free election of representatives of British nationality in the

Legislative Council of the Colony.

(b) "A majority in the Council of such elected representatives."

vote according to their conscientious convictions."

(d) "Complete control in the Council over local expenditure."

(e) "The management of local affairs."

(f) "A consultative voice in questions of an Imperial character." They quote the Colonies of Malta, Cyprus, Mauritius and British Honduras as enjoying more liberal forms of government than that under which they are them- selves living at Hongkong. They lay stress upon the commercial energy which has raised the Colony to its present position of importance. They claim "the common right of Englishmen to manage their local affairs and control the expen- diture of the Colony where Imperial considerations are not involved."

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}

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5. Hongkong, when 53 years ago it became a British possession, was inhabited, I understand, by some 7,000 to 12,000 Chinese squatters and fishermen. Accord ing to the census of 1891 the population, in round numbers, amounted to 221,400, of whom 211,000, or more than nine-tenths, were Chinese. The Europeans and Americans numbered 8,500, and nationalities other than Europeans, Americans, and Chinese, 1,900. The census further analyses, as follows, the European and American population.

Out of the total of 8,500, the resident civil population amounted only to 4,200 the British military and naval forces numbered 2,900, and the remaining 1,400 represented merchant seamen, police, and others.

Of the 4,200 individuals, who constituted the European and American civil population, 1,450 only were returned as British. Of this number not more than 800 were adult males, and therefore presumably not more than 800 of them would be entitled to vote.

6. I shall revert to these figures shortly in connexion with the question of popular representation. Meanwhile it may be deduced from them that under the existing form of government the population of Hongkong has in half a century increased (say) twenty fold which is primâ fucie evidence, as you suggest in your despatch, that the Colony has been well governed, But a further deduction has also to be made, and that is that under the protection of the British Government Hongkong has become rather a Chinese than an European community; and the fact that the Chinese have settled in the island in such large numbers has not only been one main element in its prosperity, but also the most practical and irrefutable evidence that the government, under which a politically timid race such as the Chinese have shown every desire to live, must have at least possessed some measure of strength and of justice. How far Hongkong is a Chinese settlement, how far the Chinese have paid the taxes and contributed to the trade, is touched upon in Mr. LOCKHART's excellent memorandum which accompanies your despatch. He is clearly of opinion also that the tendency is for the trade of the Colony to pass more and more into Chinese hands.

•

I cordially welcome what is said in the petition as to the skill and energy of the British merchants who have been or still are residents in Hongkong, and I can testify with pleasure to their public spirit. But the fact remains that the over- whelming mass of the community are Chinese, that they have thriven under a certain form of government and that in any scheme involving a change of adminis- tration their wishes should be consulted and their interests carefully watched and guarded.

7. The communities with which Hongkong is in the petition unfavourably contrasted, as regards its mode of government, are Malta, Cyprus, Mauritius, and British Honduras. Hongkong, it seems to me, differs from all of these four dependencies of the British Crown alike in degree and in kind. It is smaller than any of them, it has no history or traditions, no record of old settlement or of political usages and constitutional rights. It has practically no indigenous popula- tion; and, if I understand right, it has few life-long residents, whether European or Chinese.

8. It is perhaps a fair account of Hongkong and its fortunes as a British Colony, to say that 50 years ago it was taken by and for the British Crown to serve Imperial purposes, and to safeguard British trade in the Far East.

Holding a commanding position at the mouth of the Canton river, endowed by nature with a fine harbour, which has been carefully kept as a free port, like the Sister Crown Colony of the Straits Settlements, strongly protected by an Imperial garrison and British ships of war, it has owed its prosperity to these

444

( 22 )

advantages, as well as to the policy of the Imperial Government, and to the fact that, being strongly guarded, it has attracted a large Chinese population who have found that under British rule their lives and their property have been safe.

I should be inclined to judge not merely that it has prospered as a Crown Colony but that it has prospered in great measure because it has been a Crown Colony.

9. It may, however, be contended that while the Crown Colony system was suited to the infancy of the Colony, it is now time that a larger measure of self- government should be conceded.

I therefore propose very shortly to examine the separate points as to which the petitioners suggest that some concession should be made.

10. They ask in the first place for "the free election of representatives of "British nationality in the Legislative Council of the Colony."

The words are somewhat ambiguous. They may mean that the voters should be of any nationality European, American, Asiatic or Chinese, provided that the representatives for whom they vote are of British nationality. The term British nationality again may be taken to mean either British subjects of all nationalities or simply persons who have been born or are the children of those who have been born in the United Kingdom. I assume, however, that what the words are intended to convey is that the English, Scotch and Irish in Hongkong should elect representa- tives of themselves to the Legislative Council. If this is the meaning then it is obvious from the figures which have been given above that considerably more than nine-tenths of the population will be entirely excluded from the franchise, that Europeans who are not of the category described, and Americans will be excluded as well as Chinese, and that among those British residents who alone will be, it is presumed, entitled to vote, the civil element, some proportion of which moreover consists of Government officials, will be swamped by the military and naval element.

It may be said that the naval and military forces should be debarred from voting on the ground that they are not resident in the Colony, but the same objection would apply also, though possibly in a lesser degree, to the civil population. Indeed, over and above any other arguments which can be urged against representative government in Hongkong, it appears to me that the transient character of the population is by itself a serious obstacle.

11. The second claim is the complement or rather the extension of the first. The petitioners ask not only that there shall be elected representatives in the Council, but that there shall be a majority of such representatives, in other words that, at any rate as regards legislation, the power shall be vested in a very small section of the population, and that more than nine-tenths of it shall be controlled by representatives of the small remainder.

12. The third demand is that the Official Members shall be allowed to speak and vote as they please. It is a demand which is familiar in the case of Crown colonies, but only one answer can be given to it, viz., that the paid servants of the Government cannot be left free to oppose the Government. I should be surprised to learn that the Officials themselves wished to be given this freedom.

It is in fact not peculiar to the Crown Colony system; it is of the essence of all administration that the paid supporters or components of a government should either vote for and when necessary speak for the settled policy of the government or else resign their places.

13. The fourth and fifth claims are to the effect that the Council, or rather the elected majority in the Council, should have complete control over local expenditure and the management of local affairs.

}

445

( 23 )

There is point no doubt in these contentions, in that the municipal institutions, which are to be found in Ceylon and the Straits Settlements, do not exist in Hong: kong, but the difficulty at Hongkong is and must be to draw a line between matters which might be entrusted to a municipal council and the business which must be reserved for the Colonial Government. In saying this I am aware that possibly or even probably a municipality would not meet the aspirations of the petitioners, and that they may place a wider construction upon the terms "local expen- diture" and "local affairs" than I have placed upon them.

14. One of the difficulties with which I am met in dealing with this petition arises from the fact that the words employed require to be more accurately defined before their meaning and the intention with which they are used can be fully gauged. This criticism especially applies to the last in the list of the petitioners' claims, viz., that they should be given a consultative voice in questions of an Imperial character. This sentence seems to point to some kind of Imperial Fede- ration, and it is possibly written with reference to the military contribution question which has not been without difficulty in various colonies including Hongkong. The subject raised is so wide and so vague that it would be useless to attempt to discuss it. The question of a general remodelling of the colonial system of Great Britain-for it would probably amount to no less-as it would necessarily become part of any scheme for a Federation of the Empire is a most interesting question; but one of too wide and far reaching a scope to be dealt with in regard to a single case alone. But I may state simply that under the existing system when questions arise which concern the various colonies, it has been the endeavour of my predecessors in office, and it is my own earnest endeavour, that the claims, the interests, and even the prejudices of each colony shall be adequately set forth, and fully and fairly considered.

15. To sum up, the petitioners ask nominally that Hongkong should be given self-government, and an elective system. In my opinion the place and its circumstances are wholly unsuited for what is proposed.

An Imperial Station with great Imperial interests, on the borders of a foreign land, the nucleus of wide reaching British interests in the Far East, must, it appears to me, be kept under Imperial protection and under Imperial control.

In saying this much I am assuming that the self-government would be worthy of the name, and that the elective system would include all ranks of the com- munity, but this is not what the Petition demands. Those who framed it and signed it would, I gather, desire to place the power in the hands of a select few, and to constitute a small oligarchy, restricted by the lines of race. To any such change I am opposed, I consider that the well-being of the large majority of the inhabitants is more likely to be safeguarded by the Crown Colony system, under which, as far as possible no distinction is made of rank or race, than by representa- tion which would leave the bulk of the population wholly unrepresented.

I can therefore hold out no hope that Hongkong will cease to be a Crown Colony.

16. It remains to consider whether any step can be taken which, while not interfering with the Crown Colony system, would slightly modify the existing con- stitution in the direction in which the petition points.

*** There appear to be three practical suggestions which are worthy of considera- tion-

(a) Increasing the number of the unofficial Members in the Legislative

... Council.

(b) Introducing an Unofficial element into the Executive Council.

446

( 24 )

17. As regards the first of these three points, I am not inclined to add to the number of the Unofficial Members without at the same time increasing also the number of Official Members, for in a Crown Colony there must be a very dis- tinct preponderance on the Official side, and that the natural result of evenly balancing the numbers of Officials and Unofficials is friction and irritation.

With this proviso, there is, as far as I can judge, no strong objection to increasing the numbers of the Council, except that for practical working purposes the num- ber is already sufficiently large. If, however, an addition is made, it is difficult on equitable grounds to resist the conclusion that another Chinese representative should be appointed. On the other hand, this is contrary to the wishes of the petitioners as far as I understand them; and Mr. KESWICK who, in his interesting and temperate letter, which is enclosed in your despatch, advocates the appointment of an additional Unofficial Member to the Legislative Council, strongly deprecates "the addition to the Legislative Council of a second representative of the Chinese." The balance of argument therefore appears to be against any change in the present number and composition of the Legislative Council.

18. The second suggestion is that an Unofficial Member should be appointed to the Executive Council. The suggestion is made by Mr. KESWICK, and you state in your despatch that you have personally no objection to it, and that the conces- sion would be very popular and not altogether impolitic.

I can well realise that the addition of a gentleman of high standing and great local experience would be a gain to the Executive Council, and I shall be prepared to sanction the proposal if you still recommend it after further considering the following points.

In none of the three Eastern colonies at the present time is there any unofficial element in the Executive Council, and I am not clear that the step would in all cases be actively beneficial, whereas I am quite clear that the existing system has on the whole worked well, and that therefore there is no strong reason for dis- turbing it.

In the next place I note that Mr. KESWICK proposes that the Unofficial Mem- ber should be of English birth. It must, however, be taken into consideration that it would be invidious and inequitable to lay down that Chinese subjects of the Queen shall be debarred from appointment to the Executive Council, and therefore the possibility of the appointment being hereafter filled by a Chinese gentleman must be reckoned with.

In the third place, you state that practically unofficial assistance in the Ex- ecutive Council "could always be obtained, if the status quo were maintained" and you add that you "invariably consult the Unofficial Members before bringing into Council measures of purely local interest." There is therefore not likely to be much practical gain from the formal appointment of an Unofficial Member to the Executive Council.

It has occurred to me that possibly, instead of making any such appointment, some understanding might be come to that in the case of discussion of specified local subjects, at any rate so long as there is no municipality in existence at Hongkong, one or more Unofficial Members should be summoned to take part in the proceedings of the Executive Council, without giving them seats on the Council for all purposes. This is a point on which I shall be glad to have your opinion.

18. With regard to the institution of a municipal council, I frankly say that I should like to see one established at Hongkong. But there appear to be two practical difficulties in the way. The first is the present crisis.

The first is the present crisis. I am not prepared to sanction any important change of administration, until the future is tolerably clear and until the necessary measures for protecting the health of the Colony have

Governor

447

( 25 )

been finally decided upon and brought into operation. Then, in a clear field, it may be possible to create a municipal body with some prospect of success.

The second difficulty, to which allusion has already been made, is that of separating municipal from Colonial matters. I am not confident that that difficulty can be overcome, nor am I confident that a municipality would be welcome to and work harmoniously with the military authorities. Still it is possible that the Sanitary Board might be developed into a satisfactory Municipal Council controlling all or some of the revenue which is now derived from rates. Whether any scheme of the kind is feasible I would ask you carefully to consider at your leisure, and in the meantime you are at liberty, if you see occasion to do so, to give publicity to this despatch.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient,

humble Servant,

Şir W. ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

&c.

&c.,

&c.

HONGKONG.

No. 119.

(Despatch from the Secretary of State to the Governor.)

RIPON.

DownING STREET,

29th May, 1896.

SIR,

I have had under my consideration the correspondence which has passed in consequence of the petition for an amendment of the constitution of Hongkong which was addressed to the House of Commons in the year 1894 and on which my predecessor had not given a final decision before he left office.

2. I should have been glad to be able to communicate with you on the sub- ject at an earlier date but, as you are aware, the pressure of business at this

Department has been exceptional for some time past.

3. In his despatch of the 23rd of August, 1894, Lord RIPON stated that he could hold out no hope that Hongkong will cease to be a Crown Colony. Neither can I hold out any such hope, for I conceive that in the case of Hongkong, Repre- sentative Government on whatever form of franchise it might be based, and with whatever supposed safeguards as to the Executive power would be wholly out of place.

4. There remain two practical points to be decided. The first is whether the present constitution of the Legislative Council should be in any way modified. The second is whether an unofficial element should be introduced into the Execu- tive Council.

5. On the first of these two points my view is as follows:-I gather that the Legislative Council, as at present constituted, is large enough for practical pur- poses, and that an increase to its numbers is hardly likely to add to its efficiency to any appreciable extent. As Hongkong is to remain a Crown Colony no useful purpose would be served, but on the contrary a considerable amount of needless irritation would be caused by balancing evenly the unofficial members and the officials. But having regard to the fact that, in the absence of the Governor, the

( 26 )

Officer Commanding the Troops will in future administer the Government, I con- sider that it would be of advantage that he should be a member of the Legislative Council, and if he is added to it, I am willing to add one unofficial member to the unofficial bench. Who the latter should be and what special interest, if any, he should represent, I leave to the Governor to determine. I may observe, however, that the Chinese community is the element which is least represented while it is also far the most numerous, and that I should regard as valuable any step which tended to attach them more closely to the British connection, and to increase their practical interest in public affairs.

6. As regards the second point, namely, whether or not an unofficial element should be introduced into the Executive Council, I would observe that, whilst most of the larger Crown Colonies possess one or more Municipal Councils, subor- dinate to the Colonial Government, in Hongkong there is no such institution. Moreover, it seems impracticable to alter this state of things for this reason among others that the Colony and the Municipality would be in great measure co-extensive, and it would be almost impossible to draw the line between Colonial and Municipal

matters.

This being so, in my opinion the most practical course is to recognise that the Colonial Government is discharging Municipal duties, and that on that account representatives of the citizens may fairly be given a place on the Executive.

7. I therefore propose that the Executive Council shall in future include two unofficial members to be selected at the discretion of the Governor. It is obviously desirable that they should, as a rule, be chosen from among the unofficial members of the Legislative Council, and the choice should, and no doubt will be, inspired by consideration of personal merit, and have no reference to the particular class or race to which the persons chosen belong.

8. You will receive in due course amended Royal Instructions and in the meantime this despatch may be made public with an intimation that the subject has been considered from every point of view and that my decision is to be regarded as final.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient,

humble Servant,

J. CHAMBERLAIN.

Governor

Sir W. ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

fc.,

&c.,

&c.

No. 44.

HONGKONG.

RETURNS OF SUPERIOR AND SUBORDINATE COURTS FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor.

121

No.

SUPREME COURT,

HONGKONG, 3rd March, 1896.

SIR,—I have the honour to forward the accompanying Returns:-

1. Return of Criminal Cases tried in the Supreme Court of Hongkong during the year 1895. 2. Indictments and Informations during the year 1895.

3. Comparative Table showing the number of offences, apprehensions, and acquittals for

the last four years.

4. Return of all sums received as Revenue in the Registry of the Supreme Court during

the years 1894 and 1895.

5. Return of Criminal Cases that have been brought under the cognizance of the Supreme

Court during the last ten years.

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&c.,

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

&c.,

&c.

J. W. NORTON KYSHE,

Registrar.

122

RETURN of CRIMINAL Cases tried in the SUPREME COURT of HONGKONG during the Year 1895.

SENTENCE.

co:

wi.

Number of Cases tried.

Number of Persons tried.

CRIMES.

Bribery,

Bringing a woman into the Colony for the purpose

of prostitution,

Burglary,

Forgery and Uttering forged Bill of Exchange,

Larceny,

Larceny in a dwelling house,

Larceny and Wounding,

Manslaughter,

Murder,

Robbery,

22:

Setting fire to a dwelling house,

Stealing in a dwelling house with menaces,

Convicted.

Acquitted.

Death.

God and 22:1

...

Death Recorded.

Hard Labour

over one Year,

Hard Labour one

Year and under.

Solitary Confinement- Number of Persons.

Privately Flogged-

Number of Persons.

No. of Cases.

No. of Persons.

No. of Cases.

No. of Persons.

CHARGES ABAN-

CABES

POFT-

DONED.

PONED.

Uttering a forged Bank Note,

: 10 00

Uttering counterfeit coin,

Wounding with intent to murder,

Wounding with intent to do grievous bodily harm,...

10 00

Of 39 Persons only

.32 were tried.

7 were not indicted which are included under the heading of "Charges Abandoned,”.

39 Persons.

Registry Supreme Court, Hongkong, 3rd March, 1896.

...

J. W. Norton Kyshe, Registrar.

INDICTMENTS and INFORMATION in the SUPREME COURT of HONGKONG for the Year 1895.

Including Attempts and Conspiracies to commit the several offences.

Showing how the cases tried in the Superior Courts ended.

(Each Prisoner tried counts as a separate case; where a large number of Prisoners have been convicted together, the fact is mentioned in a note.)

Total.

Murder.

Manslaughter.

Attempt at Murder.

Concealment of Birth.

Judgment for the Crown,

Judgment for the Prisoner,

Prisoner found Insane,

ΟΥ

Cases which fell through for

want of prosecution- absence of accused, and cases thrown out by the Grand

Jury (Attorney General),

Cases postponed,

*7 Persons in all.

Registry Supreme Court, Hongkong, 3rd March, 1896.

Abortion.

Rape.

Unnatural Crimes.

.:.

Robbery with violence.

Other offences against the

Person.

Offences against Property.

Miscellaneous Offences.

**H

J. W. NORTON KYSHE,

Registrar.

COMPARATIVE TABLE showing the NUMBER of OFFENCES, APPREHENSIONS, CONVICTIONS and AQUITTALS

for the last Four Years.

123

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

The Number of Convictions in the Superior Courts-

1. For Offences against the Person,

2. For Offences against Property,

...

3. For other Offences,

The Number of Persons acquitted-

2. In the Superior Courts,

Registry Supreme Court, Hongkong, 3rd March, 1896.

J. W. NORTON KYSHE,

Registrar.

RETURN of CRIMINAL CASES that have been brought under the COGNIZANCE of the SUPREME Court,

during the last Ten Years.

Charges Abandoned.

Cases Postponed.

Number

YEAR.

of Convicted. Acquitted. Cases. Persons.

No. of Cases.

No. of Persons.

No. of Cases.

No. of Persons.

(e) 1886,

107

(f) 1887,

155

1888,

101

186

(g) 1889,

143

1890,

2042

my co iA 20 2

27 (e)

Total,

421

671

347

164

147

1891,

1892,

1893,

1894,

1895,

Total,

167

221

121

GEOTD 188

29867-

2446 LO

...

•

...

Average of 1st)

ស

Period, ....

841

134

693

324

183

293/

Average of 2nd Period,....

331

443/

241

133

중

e. In one case the recognizance estreated.

f. In three cases the recognizances were estreated.

3. In one case the recognizance estreated, this case is included in the total, but not in any other of the above headings.

J. W. NORTON Kyshe,

Registry Supreme Court, Hongkong, 3rd March, 1896.

Registrar.

124

RETURN of all SUMS RECEIVED as REVENUE in the Registry of the Supreme Court during the Year 1895.

Original Jurisdiction,

Summary Jurisdiction, ...

Bankruptcy Jurisdiction,

Probate Jurisdiction,.........

Official Administrator's Commission,

Official Assignee's Commission,

....$ 3,832.87

5,585.75

660.90

2,032.20

5,218.56

84.18

Official Trustee's Commission,....

250.14

Appraiser's Fees, ........

Sheriff's Fees,

83.50

Bailiff's Fees,...................

1,434.50

Interest on Deposit of Surplus Cash,

2,177.78

Fees on Distraints,

1,751.00

Registrar of Companies,

2,524.25

Fine and Forfeiture,

Admiralty Fees,......

Land Office Fees,

Registry Supreme Court, Hongkong, 3rd March, 1896.

613.78

$26,249.41

5,814.51

$32,063.92

J. W. NORTON KYSHE, Registrar.

RETURN of all SUMS COLLECTED in the Registry of the Supreme Court for the Year 1895, and paid into Treasury.

1895.

1894.

REGISTRAR.-Court Fees paid by Stamps,

$12,214.47

$13,862.72

OFFICIAL ASSIGNEE.-5 % on amounts encashed paid into the Treasury,

OFFICIAL ADMINISTRATOR,

72.88

84.18

717.52

5,218.56

OFFICIAL TRUSTEE-2 % on amount of Trust on taking over up to $10,000, above $10,000 Commission 1 % on further amount, 1 % Commission on income,.

94.48

250.14

APPRAISER OF INTESTATE ESTATES.-2 % on Houses, Land, Goods, Furniture,

&c., 1% on Cash, Banking Account or Shares,

BAILIFF,

1,230.00

1,434.50

SHERIFF,

73.00

REGISTRAR OF COMPANIES,

1,220.75

83.50

2,524.25

INTEREST on Registrar's Balance at the Bank,

1,823.42

2,177.78

FINE AND FORFEITURES,

45.00

ADMIRALTY FEES,

1,088.16

613.78

$18,579.68

$26,249.41

LAND OFFICE FEES,

3,766.00

5,814.51

$22,345.68

$32,063.92

468.04

UNCLAIMED BALANCES under Ordinance No. 11 of 1888,

Registry Supreme Court, Hongkong, 3rd March, 1896.

J. W. NORTON KYSHE,

Registrar.

5,749

ABSTRACT of CASES under COGNIZANCE of the POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURT during the Year 1895.

CASES, HOW DISPOSED OF, AND THE NUMBER OF MALE AND FEMALE PRISONERS UNDER EACH HEAD.

Discharged.

Committed

for Trial at

the Supreme

Court.

Committed to Prison, or

Detained

pending Orders

of H. E. the

Governor.

Ordered to find Security.*

O.L

answer

any

Charge.

punished for

Witnesses

preferring false Charge or giving

Testimony.

wilful false

Undecided.

WRITS ISSUED BY THE POLICE MAGISTRATES DURING THE YEAR 1895.

Warrants.

HHHHTIN

TOTAL.

TOTAL

NUMBER

OF FIRE

ENQUIRIES

HELD

DURING THE YEAR 1895.

F. M. F.

M. F. M.

M. F.

† 17,016

18,898 |15,058 725

2,345 196

111 58

121

199

...

***

17,897 1,001

3,835

215

1,316

207

:..

.18,898

TOTAL

NUMBER

TOTAL

NUMBER

CASES.

PRISON-

ERS.

Convicted

pur

Punished.

TOTAL MALES AND FEMALES,.

Consisting of Offenders not sentenced to Imprisonment.

† Including 182 cases undecided.

125

126

THE CASES CONSISTED OF:-

OFFENCE.

NO. OF CASES.

No. of

PRI- SONERS.

Animals-Cruelty to

Arms Consolidation Ordinance-Breach of

Arson,

Assault Common

OFFENCE.

Brought forward,

653

918

-Indecent

-On Females, and Boys under 14 years of age, -On Excise Officers in the execution of their

duty, and obstructing and resisting them, -On Police in the execution of their duty, and

obstructing and resisting Police,

82 Insulting or Threatening Expression-Using before Ma-

gistrate,..

Jurors-Neglecting to answer Coroner's Summons to

attend Inquest.

3 Larceny-As a Bailee,

No. of

NO. OF

CASES.

PRI- SONERS.

3,5114,979

-By Servant,.

114

-Simple.

940 1,046

-from Ships or Boats in the Harbour,

N* NO*NO

N6*200

-from the Person,

106

-in a Dwelling House,

-of Beasts or Birds, not the subject of Larceny

at Common Law,

—of Fruit or Vegetable production in a Garden,. Malicious Injury to Electric or Magnetic Telegraph,

Banishment-Returning after..

Births and Deaths-Breach of Ordinance for Registration

of..

Boats-Refusing to accept Hire when unemployed,.

-Demanding more than legal fare,

Breach of the Peace,

Bribery,

Building Ordinance-Breach of

Building-Occupying or allowing, to be occupied with-

out certificate from the Sanitary Board,

Building-Occupying or erecting, on land not being under

Burglary,

lease from the Crown,

Burial of Chinese Corpse elsewhere than in a cemetery

less than 6 feet deep,

Cargo-Boats refusing to accept bire,......

Cargo-Furnishing untrue particulars regarding the ge-

neral character of

Cattle Diseases Ordinance-Breach of.....

Cattle-Landing, during prohibited hours..

-Turned loose on Public Ways,.....

Child Stealing,

Chinese Territory-Crimes and Offences committed in Church or Chapel-Entering with intent to commit a

felony,.......

Closed Houses and Insanitary Dwellings-Occupying, or permitting to be occupied without the writ- ten permission of the Sanitary Board,

Cocklofts-Neglecting to remove,..

Coin-Offences relating to..

Common Kitchen-Using, as sleeping room, Common Lodging Houses--Unlicensed keeping of,

to Property:

Manslaughter,

Marine and Naval Stores Ordinance-Breach of Markets Ordinance-Breach of..

1.177 1,177

Menaces-Demanding Money by

Mendicancy,

249

194

Merchandise Marks Ordinance-Breach of.

142

Merchant Shipping Act-Offences against

Mezzanine Floors-Erecting, without permission from

the Sanitary Board,

2 Morphine Ordinance-Breach of

00 1100 EV O

Murder,

-Attempting to commit....

1 Night-Found in Dwelling House by-with intent to

commit Felony therein,

-Noises, by playing at the Game called Chai-Mui,.

-Noises by beating Drums and Gongs,

Notices in Chinese-l'osting, without permission, Nuisances-Allowing Dirt and Filth to remain on Pre-

•

mises or in immediate vicinity thereof, -Blasting Stones to the danger of Persons

2 2 22***

** ** 2 ***

H.M.'s Army and Navy,

British Merchant Ships,

Women or Girls into or away from the Colony,

Defences Sketching l'revention Ordinance-Breach of

Desertion from Foreign Ships,

Desertion of Soldiers-Aiding and abetting in,

Disorderly Behaviour-Fighting and creating a disturb-

-While Drunk,

Dogs--Allowing unmuzzled ferocious, to be at large, &c.,

-Inciting, to attack persons, &c.,

and Property,

-Blowing Steam Whistles unnecessarily,

86.

-Boarding Ships without permission,

-Boats, making fast to ship under way,.

10.

-Boats. &c. breaming,..

327

328

―

- Breach of Regulations for... Cutting and Wounding with intent to do grievous bodily

harm,

-Boats, obstructing Fairways,

Dangerous Goods Ordinance-Breach of

Decoying Men or Boys into or away from the Colony, or imprisoning or detaining them for the purpose of emigration or for any purpose whatsoever,

-Boats mooring inshore, between the hours of 9 o'clock at night and gunfire in the morning,..

-Carrying or exposing Night Soil or Noxious Waters in the Streets in uncovered Buck- ets, and in open Boats along the Praya, -Depositing dead body on Crown Land, -Drains, &c.-Leaving open and unprotected,. -Hanging wet Clothes, &c., to dry over

114

130

Public Ways,.......

-Irrigating Land with excretal matter with-

in 50 yards of a Public Road, -Keeping Pigs, &c., without a Licence, -Latrine,

177

ཨཎྜསྐ

177

-Neglecting to clean out Dust Bins, and

ance,

594 1,101

249

throwing Rubbish, &c., into the Streets,... -Neglecting to abate, after notice had been

served by the Sanitary Board,

111

-Maliciously killing,.

-Obeying Calls of Nature in the Streets and

in improper places,

Unlicensed keeping of,

Domestic Servants-Misconduct as

58 58

Drunkenness,

108

-Obstruction of Wharves by Boat People,..... -Playing a certain Pastime to the annoyance

of the Public,

80 80

Embezzlement,.

Explosive Substances-Breach of Ordinance for Storage

of,

False Charge-Preferring- -or wilfully giving false evi-

dence,

Pretences-Obtaining or attempting to obtain Goods

or Money by

Falsification of Accounts,

Felony-Attempting to commit..

Firemen to Government Fire Brigade-Misconduct as.. Fire Works-Discharging without permits,

2182

239

Forged Bank Note, Cheque, &c.—Uttering,

29.

-Being in Possession of,

Instrument-Obtaining goods or money by,.

Forgery,

Furious Driving,

Gambling Ordinance-Breach of....

177

750

-Regulations-Breach of..

-Screeching Wheelbarrows,

-Throwing Rubbish into the Harbour or on

the Beach,

Obstruction of Roads and Streets, &c., by Hawkers,

Vehicle Drivers and Shopkeepers,.

| Opium Ordinance -Breach of Prepared

3 Passage-Obtaining surreptitiously a

Passes or Lights-Chinese out at Night without.. Pawnbrokers Ordinance-Breach of.

Police Constables-Assuming designation of,

-Rescuing or attempting to rescue Prisoners from Custody of

Post Office Ordinances-Breach of....

Preservation of Wild Birds and Game Ordinance-

*8 222 CA

2,111 2,255

-Breach of Raw

1,366 1,367

38 38

2,0522,052

-Misconduct as

Gaol Subordinate Officers-Misconduct as

Breach of

Girl under 12 years of age-Attempting to carnally know

and abuse,

Procuration of Girls under 16 to have carnal connexion

with other persons,

Harbour-Dredging at Anchorage of Ships of War in the

Public Gardens-Breach of Regulatious for maintenance

Regulations--Breach of

of good order and preservation of

House Breaking,

property in the

Immigration restriction Ordinance-Breach of

Quarantine Regulations-Breach of

Indecent Exposure of Person by Bathing or otherwise,. Inflammable Structures-Erecting, without permission

from Director of Public Works,

Receiving Stolen Goods,

18 23

Regulation of Chinese Ordinance-Breach of Recognisances-Breach of

144

141

Carried forward,...

3,5114,979

Carried forward,....................

13,218 14,974

CASES,—Continued.

127

NO. OF

No. of

No. of.

No. OF

Robbery-Highway,

OFFENCE.

Brought forward.....

River Steamer-Obtaining or attempting to obtain Pas-

sage without payment in,

Roads and Streets-Injury to

Rogues and Vagabonds-Gambling in the Streets,

CASES,

PRI-

SONERS.

OFFENCE.

CASES.

PRI-

SONERS

13,218 14,974

Brought forward,

13,566 15,337

Spirit Licences Ordinance-Breach of..............

19 Stones and other Missiles--Discharging to the Danger of

Persons and Property,

7 Streams-Defiling,

Street Noises by Hawkers,

-As suspicious Characters,

96 Suicide-Attempting to commit

-Indecent Exposure of Person, -Wandering abroad and lodging

in the open air,

3 Title Deeds-Concealing,

Tramway Ordinance-Breach of......

59 Trees, &c.-Cutting and destroying,

102

Sanitary Regulations-Breach of

3 Trespass on Crown Land,

538

Scavenging Contract-Breach of

1 Unlawful Possession of Property,

356

425

Seamen--Forcing, or leaving, on shore,

of Trees, Shrubs, &c.,.

60.

-Refusal of duty by British,

14 Unlicensed-Boats, &c.,

118

Foreign,

-Hawkers,

1,378 1,378

-Remaining behind ships after having signed

the Articles,

-Private Vehicles,

-Steam Lighter,

Seamen's Boarding Houses-Unlicensed keeping of... Ships, &c.-Carrying passengers in excess of the number

allowed by Licence,

Leaving Anchorage during prohibited hours,. -Leaving Harbour without Clearance,

-Neglecting to have a Riding Light at night

on board...

-Not having certificated Master,

Shooting with intent to do Grievous Bodily Harm,

Slaughter-house Regulations-Breach of...

Small-Pox and other Infectious Diseases-Neglecting to

(Private),

Watchman-Misconduct as Private

report Cases of

Carried forward,..

27 Unwholesome Provisions-Exposing for Sale, or bring.

ing into the Colony,

31 Vagrancy Ordinance-Breach of

7 Vehicle-Offences (Public), .

44 Waterworks Ordinance-Breach of..

3 Weights and Measures Ordinance-Breach of

2 Wharf-Taking or disembarking Passengers from pro-

hibited

Women and Girls Protection Ordinance-Breach of Workmen-Intimidating

525

553

13,566 15,337

TOTAL,.

17,016 18,898

Magistracy, Hongkong, 30th January, 1896.

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Acting Police Magistrate.

ABSTRACT of CASES brought under COGNIZANCE at the POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURT during a period of

Ten Years, from 1st January, 1886, to 31st December, 1895, inclusive.

CASES, HOW DISPOSED OF, AND THE NUMBER OF MALE AND FEMALE PRISONERS UNDER EACH HEAD.

Committed to Prison or detained pending Orders of His Excellency the Governor.

To keep the Peace,

TOTAL NUMBER

Ordered to find Security.

YEARS.

CASES.

Convicted and Punished.

Discharged.

Committed for Trial at Supreme

Punished for Preferring

Total

False Charge Undecided.

Number

Court.

to be of Good Beha- viour, and to answer any Charge.

or giving

False Testimony.

Defendants.

M. F.

1886,

14,611 12,081 842

2,198

190

157

869

100 32

168

15,510 1,137

1887,

12,015 10,354 325

2,620 159

158

411

1888,

11,647 9,700 232

2,704 145

168

177

1889,

1890,

8,670

6,626 268 2,319 178

157

303

13,633

549

12,898 411

34 17

9,530 503

9,739

7,423 317 2,406 151

102

259

10,243 529

Total,..... 56,682 46,1841,984 | 12,247 828

742

190

2,019

260

3 363

61,814 | 3,129

Average per

Year,

|11,336-4 | 9,236 8 396-8 | 2,4494 | 1646

148-4

54 380

5:0

403.8

520

138 06 72.6

1.4

| 12,362-8) 625-8

1891,

13,676 13,438 534 1,906 134

153

1892,

11,920 11,771 327 1,927 151

191

1893,

10,727 10,049 306 1,532

1894,

10,447 9,465 302 1,716

1895,

17,016 15,058 725 2,345 196

283

102

242

255

විස

232

~ ~ ~ N 5

143

15,693 689

13,969 602

36 17

11,972 420

23 10

11,530 423

199

17,897 1,001

Total....... 63,786 59,781 | 2,194 9,426 651

296 *11

1 1,073

175 47

1 409

71,061 3,035

Average per

Year,

|12,757-2 |11,956-2 438-81,885-2 130.2

59.2 2.2 5.8 0.2

214.6

35.0 9:4

0.2 81.8

04 14,212-2 | 607-0

Grand Total)

for the 10 120,468 105,965 | 4,178 | 21,673 1,474 1,038 Years,......

Average per

Year,

|12,046-8 |10,596-5 417-82,167-3147-4

38 219

3,092 435

116

772

132,875 6,164

103.8

3.8 21.9

2.6

309.2

43.5 11-6

0.4

77.2

0-9

13,287-5616-4

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Magistracy, Hongkong, 30th January, 1896.

Acting Police Magistrate.

128

MAGISTERIAL ENQUIRIES INTO DEATHS.

TABLE 4.-RETURN OF ALL DEATHS REPORTED DURING THE YEAR 1895.

FORMAL ENQUIRIES HELD.

BURIED WITHOUT FORMAL ENQUIRIES.

NATIONALITY.

Very much

Men. Women. Boys. Girls. Total. Men. Women. Boys. Girls. decomposed;

Total.

sex, not ascertainable.

Europeans and Americans, ...

Indians and Malays,......

السمسم

Chinese,..............

125

19 118 116

386

Total,........

128

118 117

391

Total for 1894,

119

15 129 102

373

TABLE B.-RETURN OF FORMAL ENQUIRIES DURING THE YEAR 1895.

FINDING.

Accidental death,

Accidental death by drowning,.

Accidentally burnt to death,...

Accidentally drowned,

Europeans and Americans.

Indians.

Chinese.

Total,

Men.

Boys. Men. Men.

Women. Boys.

Girls.

...

Accidentally shot during regimental firing,.

Death by accidental drowning,........

Death by hanging self administered,

Death by hanging from the neck in pursuance of a sentence of death passed in accordance with law and duly carried out

upon the two deceased, Au Chun and Li Pong, on the morning of the 29th day of January, 1895,......

Death by misadventure,

Death from fever,

Death from fracture of skull caused by a log jamming deceased's

head against side of the steamer Iser,

Death from injuries sustained to the base of the skull,

Death from natural causes,

Death occasioned by injuries received through the collapse of a wall during the re-construction of a building after its destruction by fire,......

Death occasioned by peritonitis which was caused by a stab in the loins inflicted together, with other wounds, on the deceased by some person or persons unknown,

Death occurred in consequence of injuries received by falling through the hatchway of the 'tween deck to the lower hold, there being no evidence to show in what manner the fall was occasioned,

Death resulted from a revolver or pistol bullet wound; but under what circumstances inflicted there is no sufficient evidence to show,

Death resulted from a self-inflicted razor wound, apparently inflicted under the influence of depression of mind amount- ing to temporary aberration of reason,..

Death resulted from hemorrhage and shock occasioned by mutilation of the body and a wound on the left leg; but under what circumstances occurring there is no evidence to show,

Found drowned,

Hæmorrhage from a bullet wound self inflicted,..

Carried forward,..

...

-:-:

13:

past N

:::

•

Jand

-::

116

:::

...

3333

129

TABLE B.-RETURN OF FORMAL ENQUIRIES DURING THE YEAR 1895,—Continued.

FINDING.

Europeans. and Americans.

Men.

Indians.

Chinese.

Boys. Men. Men, Women. Boys. Girls.

Brought forward,.

Total.

338

Rupture of spleen occasioned by a fall or blow said to have been administered to the deceased by a Chinese Constable not identified, but the evidence regarding which is too uncertain to be reliable.......

That deceased died of hemorrhage caused by wounds in the

neck and that such wounds were self inflicted,

That deceased died of pulmonary congestion,...... That deceased met his death by drowning (asphyxia from sub- mersion), having been in a boat which was capsized on 15th December last off Bay View Hotel, and that no evidence exists to show how the boat was capsized, ............. That deceased met his death by drowning (asphyxia from sub- mersion) on 25th December last, having fallen into the sea whilst in a state of intoxication, That the cause of death was internal hemorrhage caused by partial rupture of right pulmonary artery, but that there is no evidence to show how such rupture was caused, That the deceased, Yiu Kau, met his death by scalding due to an escape of steam whilst the feed pipe was being dis- connected on board the S.S. Ching Ping on the 11th December, 1895, in Victoria Harbour. The Court finds that the presence of steam in the feed pipe was due to the very defective state of the check valve, and considers that the Chief Engineer, Mr. Jervis, is censurable for not having examined the check valve during the year for which he has been on board S.S. Ching Ping,

The deceased came to his death by drowning while escaping

from the lawful custody of the Inspector of Nuisances,.. The deceased came by their deaths by suffocation or other injuries received from the collapse of the roof of the build- ing known as the Old Victoria Hotel, such collapse being due to the state of decay into which the building had lapsed, and the deceased at the time of their deaths being residents in the building at their own risk and without the know- ledge of the sole mortgagee,

The deceased died from injuries sustained by a fall resulting in fracture of skull, such fall taking place down the south steps of the Central Market leading into Jubilee Street, there being no sufficient evidence to show what led to the fall,

The deceased died under the effects of wounds on the head and person, suspicion pointing to their infliction by two Chinese named A Kau and Small-pocked Sam who have accordingly been charged with the murder of the deceased, Wilful murder against some person or persons unknown,

Total,............

Found on

Found in

Land.

Harbour.

Known.

TABLE C-RETURN OF BURIALS WITHOUT FORMAL ENQUIRIES DURING THE YEAR 1895.

Chinese.

Europeans & Americans,

Indians. Very much

de- composed;

Women.

Boys. Girls. Men. Girl.

Men.

Woman.

sex not ascertain-

Total.

able.

Reason why no Formal Enquiry was held.

Men.

...

No suspicious circumstances,

1 1

No evidence and/or decomposed state of body,

Post Mortem satisfactory,

4 105 110

***

Cheung Tsun-sau was tried for murder of

deceased. P.M. Case 862/63 of 1895, Cheng Ki was tried for causing the death of deceased. P.M. Case 4591 of 1895,.

Total,....

Un-

known.

Known.

Un-

known.

134

241

196

...

125

19 118 116

1 1

Magistracy, Hongkong, 80th January, 1896.

391

90 225

T. SERCOMBE SMITH,

Acting Police Magistrate.

HONGKONG.

RETURNS OF SUPERIOR AND SUBORDINATE COURTS FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

187

No. 14

No. 71.

SUPREME COUrt, HONGKONG, 1st April, 1896.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward to you herewith the Return of Civil and Appeal Cases heard in the Supreme Court in 1895.

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&l...

&c.,

&c.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

J. W. NORTON KYSHE,

Registrar.

1895.

CASES TRIED.

No. of

Jurisdiction.

Dependency in 1894.

cases

Total.

Debt

and Damages.

in 1895.

Settled

or withdrawn before trial.

Plaintiff.

Defendant. Non-Suit.

Original,

Summary,

Struck out, dismissed

and lapsed writs.

Dependency.

Debt and Damages recovered.

103

$ 551,182.00

$ 54,772.35

2223

2,219

2,241

$ 192,358.86

1,321

685

137

$ 85,975,00

1395.

APPEALS.

APPEALS COMMENCED.

APPEALS TRIED.

JUGDMENT.

No. of Cases.

Appellant.

Respondent.

Pending.

Appellant.

Respondent.

Pending.

J. W. NORTON KYSHE,

Registrar.

188

189

Calendar of PROBATES and ADMINISTRATION granted by the SUPREME COURT of HONGKONG during the Year 1895.

Date of

Name of Testator or Intestate.

Time and Place of Death.

Grant.

Probate, Administration, with Will annexed, or Administration.

1895.

Name and Description of the Executor or Administrator.

Value of

Effects as set forth in the Commis- sion of Ap- praisement.

Jan.

8 George William Hayden,

8 Helen Christina Joseph. 8 Thomas Henry Dalby,

10 Ng Kwai Kiu,

15 Baron Jean Miller Grandmaison,

8 Leong Yut Hoi,

24 Christian Friedrich Rapp,.

Woo Gon Chi,

Lan Kee Hing,

Ching Kwong Ming,

Leung Wing Ki,

Feb.

4 Ernest Arnold Linck,....

Weymouth Street. London, 16th Oct., 1894, Hongkong, 14th Dec., 1894, Lutherworth, in the County of Leicester, England,

5th Apr., 1894,

Ho Chuen, Nam Hoi,

15th June, 1894, Hongkong, 27th Dec., 1894. Macao. 19th Oct., 1894, Hongkong, 25th Dec., 1891,

Whampoa, 13th June, 1894, Hongkong, 26th Dec.. 1894, Hongkong. 19th Aug., 1893, Tai Kok Tsui, Kowloon.

25th June, 1894, 14th Jan., 1895,

Canton,

Probate,

Do., Letters of Adm. with Expl. of the Will annexed,

Ada Hayden and George Dixwell Fearon,

executrix and executor,

Henry Hope Joseph,

Duncan Clark, the duly authorized attor- ney of Mary Ann Dalby, for the use and benefit of the said Mary Ann Dalby and until she shall duly apply for Probate of the said Will, power being reserved to make the like grant to William James Dalby, the other executor named in the said Will,

Letters of Adm., Pun Chan Tsün,

Do., Do.. Probate,

Letters of Adın.. Probate, Letters of Adm., Do.,

Probate,

Official Administrator,

Leong Sin Shi, widow and relict, John David Humphreys and Heiurich

Garrels,

Woo Leung Shi,

Tong Pak Suue, Official Administrator, Leung Kam Tsün,

1,300.00 7,900.00

2,918.66 100.00

200.00

6,000.00

22,572.00

900.00

600.00

14 Robert Fraser-Smith,

1894-Dec. 28 Li Un Shing,

Jan. 25 Ng Tun Yuen alias How Qua,..... Feb. 16 Henry Bridges Endicott,.

25 Chan King,

1994-Aug. 29 Charles David Bottomley,.

Feb. 18 Harry MacDonald Becher,

1894-Nov. 17 Li Yam,... Feb. 25 Ng Tat Cho..

Mar. 11 George Hughes,

11 Marcus Octavious Flowers, ...

19 Leung King Ham,

19 Chan Yuen Koon,

11 Samuel Walker,

29 John Copeland.

29 George William Snelling,

Apr. 19 Kwok Po Shan,

19 Henry Steele,

19 Wong Yau,

19 Cheung Wa, 19 Lee Choong,.

13 Robert Lyall,

Frederick Samuel Augustus Bourne,

power being reserved to the like grant to John Porter, the other exe- cutor named in the said Will, Official Administrator,

Hongkong, 9th Feb., 1895, Tsat Po, San Ui,

Letters of Adm., Do.,

Chun A-I...........................

Canton, Shanghai,

8th June, 1894, 8th Aug, 1843. 5th Jan., 1895,

Tsin Shan, Macao,

4th Jan., 1895,

Buxton, in the County of Derby, 10th July, 1893, Gunong, Paban, in the Ma-

lay Peninsula,

15th Sept.. 1893,

Canton, 24th Oct., 1893, Macao, 16th June. 1894, Brunswick House. Church Road. Hoie, in the County of Sussex, 5th Oct.. 1894, Eastbourne, in the County

of Sussex.

28th Jan., 1894,

Hongkong, 14th Feb., 1895, Canton, 8th Dec.. 1894, Oatland. Woking. in the

County of Surrey,

3rd Apr., 1894,

Do.. Letters of Adm. with Expl. of the Will annexed,

Official Administrator,

Godfrey Cornewall Chester Master, the

duly authorized attorney of Edwin Underhill Smith and Rufus Franklin Eastlack, for the use and benefit of the said Edwin Underhill Smith and Rufus Franklin Eastlack and until they shall duly apply for Probate of the Will to be granted to them,

Letters of Adm., | Che Kai, the lawful wife,

Expl. of the Will re-sealed, Do.,

Probate, Letters of Adm.. Expl. of the Will re-sealed,

Letters of Adm. with Expl. of the Will annexed,

Probate, Letters of Adm., Letters of Adm.

with the Will annexed,

Hongkong, 23rd Feb., 1895, | Letters of Adın., | Hongkong, 23rd Feb., 1895, Letters of Adm.

with the Will annexed, Probate, Letters of Adm. with Expl. of the Will annexed,

Hongkong, 20th Mar.. 1895, At Sea,

24th May, 1894,

Sam Shui Po, British Kow- loon, 9th Mar., 1895, Shaukiwan, 16th Aug., 1894, Hongkong, 10th Feb., 1878,

Singapore, 10th Feb., 1895,

Letters of Adm.,

Do.,

Letters of Adm. de bonis non, Letters of Adm. with the Will annexed,

Thomas Jackson,................

Victor Hobart Deacon,

Li Sing and Li Sam Chun,

Chan Tun Cho, a creditor,

8,000.00 500.0J

5,700.00

1,000.00

100.00

10,000.00

25,200.00 350.00

92,772.24

300.00

3.000.00

2.400.00

James Jones aud James Henry Mathews, £33,180.18.9

Bruce Shepherd, the duly authorized at- torney of the said Marcus Edwin Flowers, (the said Revd. Thomas Hauseman, the other exccutor having renounced Probate) for the use and benefit of the said Marcus Edwin Flowers and until he shall duly apply for and obtain Probate to the said Estate,

Leung Hui Shi, the widow, Chan Ching Shi, the widow, Victor Hobart Deacon, the substituted, depnted and appointed attorney of the said Ethel Kate Susannah Brooke for the use and benefit of the said Ethel Kate Susannah Brooke and until she should duly apply for and obtain Letters of Administration to the said Estate, Official Administrator, Do.,

Kwok Kam Tong and Kwok Wong Shi,... Thomas Jackson, the duly authorized at- torney of the said William Robert Bennett and Alfred Henry Dare for the use and benefit of the said William Robert Bennett and Alfred Henry Dare and until they should duly apply for Probate of the Will to be granted to them,

| Wong Cheung,.

Chu A-tsap, Official Administrator,

DO.,

£7,870.17.9 $ 4,500.00 9,000.00

11,675.00 100.00 10,500.00

400.00

6,000.00 700.00

30.00- 9,300.00

400.00

190

CALENDAR of PROBATES and ADMINISTRATION,

Probate, Administration

Continued.

Date of

Name of Testator or Intestate.

Time and Place of Death.

Grant.

with Will annexed, or Administration.

Name and Description of the Executor or Administrator.

Value of Effects as

set forth in the Commis- sion of Ap- praisement.

1895.

June 1 Peter Hunter,

May 9 Lam Tak Tsoi,

9 Wong Tsing Ngan alias Wong

Chuen.

9 José Miguel Victor de Figueiredo.

21 Li Yik Chi,

21} Ho Yat Cho,...

21 William Mann,

Belsize Road, in the County

of Middlesex.

23rd Nov., 1893, Chik Mi, Kwai Sin District, 14th Feb., 1894,

Fa Lung, Kwang Tung,

24th Mar., 1895. Hongkong, 18th Mar., 1895,

Hongkong, 10th Apr., 1895, Tại Leung Hang, Nam Hoi, 12th Dec., 1894, Yokohama, 2nd Oct., 1894,

Probate re-sealed,

William Henry Ray,

£16,076.9.8

Letters of Adm.,

Lam Tsün Shan,

500.00

Probate,

Wong Ming Chow, Wong Leung Shi and

Wong Chow Shi,

16,000.00

Do.,

Francisco Maria Xavier de Figueiredo,

17,000.00

Do.

Do.,

2,000.00 7,000.00

Letters of Adm. with Expl. of the Will annexed,

21 Alexander Pope Porter,

Tsukyi, Tokio, Japan,

17th Nov., 1893,

Do..

Tong King Sing,

'hoorja Mahomed Arab,

June 1

Yeong Liu alias Yeong Ü,

Francisco Simão Rangel,

Mak (han Nam alias Mak Mow

Ki.

Sui Shun Kwong,

Cheung Luk Ü,

May 28

Leung Shek Tin,

June 15

Chan l'ing Tso,

Jan. 24

May 9

Lum Tai otherwise Lam Nang

Mi otherwise Lam Shing Chi. Shek Ching Chuen, June 25 William Jones,..

25 William Thomas,..

2%| Yeung Hang Po,

28 Joaquim das Neves e Souza,

Tientsin, 7th Oct., 1892, Hongkong, 16th Oct., 1887,

Canton, 16th July, 1894, Hongkong, 15th May, 1895, Tai Hing, Nam Hoi,

3rd July, 1893, Canton, 29th Sept., 1893. Canton. 4th Mar., 1895, Hongkong, 26th Mar., 1895, Hongkong, 8th Mar., 1895, Chung Sik, Kwang Tung.

19th May, 1894, Canton,

16th Feb., 1895. Hongkong, 6th June, 1895, Hongkong, 6th June, 1895, Hongkong, 30th May, 1895, Macao, 28th Feb., 1894,

Letters of Adm., Letters of Adm. de bonis non, Do., Probate, Letters of Adm.,

Tang Yat Cho and Li Wing Sui, ....... Ho Nga, Ho Chong and Ho Kum,

William Hutton Potts, the duly author- ized attorney of the said Bartin Haigh Pratt for the use and benefit of the said Bartin Haigh Pratt and until he shall duly apply for Probate of the Will to be granted to him, William Hutton Potts, the duly author-

ized attorney of the said Charles Jacque Hess, for the use and benefit of the said Charles Jacque Hess and until he shall duly apply for Probate of the Will to be granted to him,. Tong Chi Piu, the eldest son, Official Administrator,

Yeong Cheong Shi, the widow, Maria Conceição Rangel,

7,800.00

2,250.00

2,500.00

4,000.00

2,500.00

Mak Cheong Tong,

3,500.00

Sui Ting Tai..

1,750.00

Cheung Sui Chuen, son..

12,000.00

Do..

Leung Chok Ping,

11,000.00

Do.,

Chan U-Fai, son.

35,000.00

Do.,

Li King Chun, Li Nam Chuen and Lam

Do..

Shin Tseung, Shek Kwok Yee,

14,000.00

5,960.00

60.00

Do.,

2,600.00 100.00

Do., Frobate,

Letters of Adm., | Official Administrator,

Do.,

Agostinho Guilherme Romano, Consul

General for Portugal, the duly au thorized attorney of Felismina Pas- choa da Cunha das Neves e Souza, for the use and benefit of the said Felismina Paschoa da Cunha das Neves e Souza and until she shall apply for Letters of Administration,. Lew Wing Hang,

May 21

Chow Yung.

June 28 Agostinho d'Azevedo,

21 Wilhelm August Ferdinand

Schmidt,

July 24 Henry Charles Abbott Harris, Jan. 24 Isaac Bernard,..

July 27 Alfred Rowe,

27 Him Kee Alum,

Hongkong, 9th Apr., 1895, Hongkong, 2nd June, 1895,

Hongkong, 12th May, 1895, Amoy. 15th Mar., 1895, Huntingdon, England,

Canton,

19th May, 1894,

6,000.00

Probate, Do.,

4,000.00

Auria Angelica d'Azevedo,

4,000.00

Letters of Adm., Probate, Letters of Adm.

Caroline Johanne Georgina Schmidt.

4,500.00

Bessy Hewson Harris,

6,100.00

Victor Hobart Deacon,

43,902.85

with Expl. of Letters of Adm. annexed. 4th Aug.. 1894. Letters of Adm.

with Expl. of the Will annexed,

Frederic Burgess Smith, the duly author- ized attorney of the said Fanny Rowe and Fanny Elizabeth, for the use and benefit of the said Fanny Rowe and Fanny Elizabeth and until they shall duly apply for Probate of the Will to be granted to them, Official Administrator,

21,100.00

" 27 John David Kiley,

27 Lo Man On alias Lo Siu,

Aug. 10 Francis Simpson Ommanney,.

Foochow 7th Aug., 1894, Hongkong, 6th June, 1895, Hongkong, 26th Apr., 1895, Hongkong, 24th July, 1895.

Letters of Adm.,

Do.,

16 Li Yuen,

Hongkong, 14th June, 1895,

DO.

Do.,

16 Chan Chak Po,

ད་

July 27 William Ross,

Aug. 8 George Whitlock,

23 Januario Antonio dos Remedios, Macao,

Hongkong, 13th Jan., 1895, Hongkong, 5th July, 1895, Devizeson, in the County of Welt, 20th Feb., 1895, 12th Nov., 1891,

Do.,

Chan Ko Shi,

Do.,

Official Administrator,

Probate

Godfrey Cornewall Chester Master,

23 Yam Wing,

10 | Ng Ho,.

27 David Moncrief Wright,

23 Lam Hi Ying,

23 Mok Chi Wing,

Sept. 4 Alice Marian Goddard,

Aug. 29 Edwin Byrne,

July 20 Foo Chui,

Hongkong, 23rd Mar., 1894. Hongkong, 23rd Nov., 1894, St. Andrew, Scotland,

2nd Jan, 1895, Canton. 10th July, 1895, Heung Shan.

sealed, Letters of Adm.,

Probate, Do., Letters of Adm.,

Agostinho Guilherme Romano, the duly authorized attorney of Carmelia Maria Xavier dos Remedios, for the use and benefit of the said Carmelia Maria Xavier dos Remedios and until she shall duly apply for Letters of Admi- nistration to the said Estate, Yam Kue,

Tso Cheong,

Robert John Hastings,

Lam Ku Hong,

Cheuk Hi Ting,

Probate, Do..

12th July, 1895, Hongkong, 21st Aug., 1895, Twickenham. England.

DO.

Official Administrator,

Do.,

Ernest Walter Tisdall,

5th Apr.. 1895,

Hongkong, 26th June, 1895, Letters of Adm., | Li A-king, the lawful wife of deceased,...

50.00 3,900.00

1,244.88

70.00

700.00

3,000.00

1,424.77

1,200.00

8,200.00

10,000.00

1,500.00

67,400.00

7,100.00

2,000.00

2,200.00

10.00

•

191

CALENDAR of PROBATES and ADMINISTRATION,—Continued.

Date of

Name of Testator or Intestate.

Time and Place of Death.

Grant.

Probate, Administration with Will annexed, or Administration.

Name and Description of the Executor or Administrator.

Value of Effects as ser forth in the Commis- sion of Ap- praisement.

1895.

Aug, 29 | Adolph Alexander Emile Meyer, Leipzig, in the Kingdom of Saxony, 20th July, 1894,

17 Yeong Shuey Lun,

Sept. 9

Robert Francis,

Yung Chun, Shin Hing,

10th Aug., 1895, Shanghai, 12th Mar., 1895,

Probate,

Do.,

Letters of Adm. with Expl. of the Will annexed,

Nicolaus August Siebs, the duly author- ized attorney of the said Charlotte Meyer, for the use and benefit of the said Charlotte Meyer and until she shall duly apply for Probate of the said Will to be granted to her, Yeung Sai Ngam,

Cornelius Thorne, one of the executors, power being reserved to make a like grant to Anna Maria Francis, Francis Ellen Francis and John Graeme Purdon,

Tso Tak and Tso U,

Father Bernado Vigano,

Kwok Shop Luk....... Official Administrator,

Richard Howard Russell Burder, the duly authorized substitute attorney of the said Charles Henry King, for the use and benefit of the said Frederic Brooke and until he shall duly apply for Probate of the said Will and Codicil the said Richard Howard Russell Burder....

Nicolaus August Siebs,

8.750.00 140,500.00

14,415.00

19.000.00

14,300.00

4,200.00 200.00

1,150.00 43,000.00

Tso Lo Kiu.

}}

Hongkong, 26th Aug., 1895,

Do..

June 21

Venancio de Aranguren y La-

rando.

Hongkong, 22nd Apr., 1895,

Do.,

Sept. 18

Aug. 18

Fan A-Sing alias Fan Yuen Sing, John Digby French,

Oct. 7

Zachary Brooke Drage,

Canton, 31st July, 1895, Hongkong, 31st July, 1895. In the County of Somerset,

England,

11th May, 1893,

Do.,

Letters of Adm., Letters of Adm.

with the Will

and Codicil annexed,

pius.

19 Charles Sutton,

19 Walter George Dickson,

19 Hans Christian Heinrich Hop- Hongkong, 12th Dec., 1894,

Probate,

Nagasaki, Japan,

28th Apr., 1895,

Letters of Adm. with the Will annexed,

Edinburgh, 29th Dec., 1894, | Letters of Adm.

with the Will

and Codicil annexed,

William Hutton Potts, the duly author- ized attorney of Charles Davis Moss. for the use and benefit of the said Charles Davis Moss and until he shall duly apply for Letters of Adminis- tration the said William Hutton Potts, James Jardine Bell-Irving, the duly au

thorized attorney of the said Trustees, Helen Dickson, John Dickson, Thomas Gollie Dickson, David Scott Dickson and David Shaw, for the use and benefit of the said Trustees and until they shall apply for Probate of the said Will and Codicil of the said Estate,

950.00

22,141.50

Nov. 2 Donald Fraser,

Hongkong, 16th Oct., 1895,

Lelters of Adm., |

Official Administrator.

2,300.00

1891-July 27 Daniel Richard Francis Caldwell, Hongkong, 2nd Oct., 1875,

Letters of Adm.

George Arthur Caldwell and Eliza Emily

Nov. 7 Lau I-Sham..

26 | Ng Siu.

26 Gothfried Weber,

Oct. 19 Chow Ping,

Nov. 29 Fung Yam Shum,

29 Loo Toong Choi,

Doc.

3 Burjorjee Rustomjee Mody,

Honam, Canton,

30th Aug., 1891, At Sea, 27th Sept., 1895, Hongkong, 9th Nov., 1895, Hongkong, 19th Jan., 1895,

Chau Fa Un, Heung Shan, 7th Nov., 1895, Hongkong, 2nd Jan., 1880, Bombay, 31st Mar., 1895,

de bonis non, Probate,

Letters of Adm.,

Caldwell,

Ng Kwok To, the oldest son,

5,000.00

| Ng Kwon Ying,

300.00

Do.,

Official Administrator.

400.00

Do..

Chow Su Shi. Chow Leung Shi and Chow

Kam Wing,

Do..

Chau l-Kwai,

8,500.00 300.00

Do..

Yu Po King.....

18 John otherwise John Haddow Somerside, Belmont Avenue,

Macdonald.

Kew, Victoria,

28th Apr., 1895,

Letters of Adm. with the Will annexed,

Letters of Adm.

with Expl.

of the Will and Codicil annexed,

David Reuben Sassoon, the duly author- ized substitute attorney of the said Perozesha Burjorjee Mody, and until he shall duly apply for Probate of the said Will the said David Reuben Sassoon, Godfrey Cornewall Chester Master, the duly authorized attorney of the said Mary Kate Macdonald and George Harry Rimer, for the use and benefit of the said Mary Kate Macdonald until she should marry, and also for the use and benefit of the said George Harry Rimer. the executor named in the said Codicil, and until the said Mary Kate Macdonald, George Harry Rimer, Frederick Thomas Pearce Foster, James Thomson, Robert George Wippen. Charles Ford Mac- donald or any one or more of them shall apply for and obtain Probate of the said Will and Codicil, Spencer Allen Deacon, the duly author- ized attorney of the said Catherine Octaria Deacon, for the use and be- nefit of the said Catherine Octaria Deacon or until she shall duly apply for Probate of the said Will, the said Spencer Allen Deacon,

11,000.00

61,200.00

30 Albert Deacon,

Briggins Park, England,

31st Jan., 1895,

Letters of Adm. with the Will annexed,

30 Louis Mendel,

Hongkong, 4th Nov., 1895, | Letters of Adm., Official Administrator,

3,200.00 9,000.00

J. W. NORTON KYSHE,

Registrar.

Registry Supreme Court, Hongkong, 2nd March, 1896.

No. 7.

No. 3

HONGKONG.

REPORTS OF THE HEAD MASTER OF QUEEN'S COLLEGE AND OF THE EXAMINERS APPOINTED BY THE GOVERNING BODY FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor.

QUEEN'S COLLEGE,

HONGKONG, 28th January, 1896.

SIR.I have the honour to forward the Annual Report on Queen's College for the

year 1895. 1. The total number on the Roll for the year was 1,024. As the attendance in January was 577, the admissions reached the high figure 447; of these, 350 were new boys, there therefore remain 97 names of boys who returned from the 1894 Roll. In the last four months, no fewer than 89 new boys were admitted, nearly double the usual number, for the same period. After allowance has been made for the four days during which, with His Excellency the Governor's approval, the college was closed for the Oxford Local Examinations, the number of school days, 233, is normal.

2. In the past year, over 100 boys, on leaving this college, obtained situations; 3 in the local Civil Service, 43 in local Mercantile and Professional offices, 38 in the Chinese Service, and 33 at the Coast Ports and abroad generally.

3. $12,667 fees were collected in the course of the year. This is not only the largest amount thus paid into the Treasury as yet, but is so in spite of the facts, that the monthly averages in the first half of the year were nearly 100 attendances less than in 1894, and that a loss of $162 was incurred by the departure in October of 35 boys for Tientsin. Expenditure is apparently larger than last year, but this is due to the appearance in 1895 accounts of Arrears of Exchange Compensation, chargeable against 1894.

4. Three years ago (Gazette 1893, p. 165, par. 3) I pointed out that the normal conditions of the Central School were not ideal and that the continuance of these in a building with twice the attendances increases the difficulty fourfold; for it is evident that the consequences, attendant upon the annual change of one third of the total number of boys, grow more serious in a ratio which rapidly increases out of proportion to the mere access of numbers. If ordinary principles of promotion were under these circumstances adhered to, the natural result would be an annual reduction of the attend- ance in the Upper School, and a corresponding expansion of the Lower sections of the College including the Preparatory School. The fees in the Upper School being highest, there would be entailed a serious reduction in the revenue. Further the number of boys leaving annually would be doubtless augmented, as the present method of rapid promotion is welcome to them, at their age, as curtailing the length of their school career. As a typical instance I may cite the component parts of Class IV. C. where, in November last, 7 boys had in 1894 been in Class V, 11 in Class VI, 11 in Class VII and I in Class VIII; several of them having been promoted through intermediate classes in the previous half of 1895. No ideal education can thrive under such circumstances. What is to be noted is, that the system combines and harmonises the demand for fees, and the eagerness of boys to complete their education with the utmost speed. Any estimate of the value of the education given at this college, that ignores the above conditions, and makes no allowance for the fact that, in four or five years, the majority of our boys pass through eight standards, must arrive at erroneous conclusions.

5. A cry is heard from Wales, that it is impossible for boys, attending day-schools, who hear and speak nothing but Welsh out of school-hours, to attain to anything like ease and accuracy in speaking and writing the English language. As I do not think that sufficient allowance is generally made for the difficulties attendant upon the study of English by boys of Mongolian race, I was glad to find in Things Japanese," in the article on Education by Professor MASON, the expression of the same. argument I have often employed, which is to the following effect. If in England the examination in

English History, Grammar, Geography, Mathematics, &c. were entirely conducted, questions and - answers, oral and written, in the Latin language, only a slight idea could be formed of the difficulty experienced by Japanese and Chinese in examinations conducted in English; for after all, there is a certain amount of kinship between English and Latin in thought, roots, construction and expression, absolutely wanting between English and Japanese or Chinese. I also found from conversation with Professor MASON, at a health resort in Japan last summer, that the attainments of our boys after four or five years, compare very favourably with those of Japanese after a nine years' course; great proficiency in English Conversation, Grammar, Composition, &c. is the exception not the rule, being dependent on the natural abilities of the boys, not on the system of education.

6. The Second Master, Mr. MAY, returned from leave in April, and Mr. BARLOW in August; Mr. JONES went on leave in July. The office of Seventh Assistant Master was abolished, the Governing Body recommending a graduated scale of higher salaries for the Chinese Staff. Of the four Chinese Assistants, who, as mentioned in my last Report, taught classes in the Upper School in 1894 with such excellent results, two have left for higher salary; Mr. WAN going to a new university recently opened at Tientsin, and Mr. LEUNG obtaining transfer to the Public Works Department. The great bulk of our Chinese Staff now consists of junior men, and it is to be recorded to their great credit, that they have uniformly strenuously striven to sustain the standards of the classes entrusted to their charge.

7. The results of the Oxford Local Examinations are this year very disappointing, being far behind the most satisfactory ones of the two preceding years. It is not, however, possible to maintain an even standard of excellence for any length of time, especially in view of the difficulties resulting from irregular attendance, detailed above. There are, however, two redeeming features, which deserve to be noted. Out of the eight boys from this college, who received certificates, two obtained distinction. U HANG-KAM, already A.A. in 1894, aspired to distinction in Mathematics, and was successful, ranking 12 out of 23 Seniors, so honoured in all England. C. ELLIS was similarly 3 out of 12 in the list, distinguished in History in the Preliminary Examination.

8. It is much to be wished, that some plan could be devised for reducing the distracting noises, by which our work is continually interrupted. I refer especially to the nuisance arising from processions, which, I believe, are required to hush their music in the neighbourhood of the Supreme Court and other Public Buildings, but which seem to reserve their energies for our benefit. Just recently a new cause of annoyance has arisen, the dressing of rough hewn stones in Staunton Street. I have often suggested the blocking-up of the loop-holes in the boundary wall of the same street, as these apertures reveal an irresistible vista for cock-shy to the gamins of that district; during the examination, a small urchin threw quite a big stone into the Hall. A more serious subject for complaint is the immoral reputation of the immediate neighbourhood of this college; it being a matter of common knowledge that brothels and secret gambling dens abound, which prove a source of ruin to several of our scholars.

9. The usual Tables of Statistics are attached.

I have the honour to be,

Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary.

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

Oxon,

GEO. H. BATESON WRIGHT, D.D. OXON,

Head Master.

1895.

QUEEN'S COLLEGE.

Month.

Number of Scholars.

Number

Attendances.

Number of School Days.

Average Daily Attendance.

Remarks,

January,

577

6,794

522.61

February,

745

6,970

697.00

March,

773

18,077

695.27

April,

785

9,755

.14

696.78

May,

788

17,798

711.92

June,

747

16,423

684.29

July,

715

14,949

649.95

August,

646

3,095

619.00

September,

730

12,526

659.26

October,

729

15,774

630.96

November,

676

15,739

605.34

December,

630

12,916

561.56

Total,.

•

150,816

233

Total Number of ATTENDANCES during 1895, Number of SCHOOL DAYS during 1895,

Average DAILY ATTENDANCE during 1895,

Total Number of SCHOLARS at this School during 1895, .

.150,816.

233.

647.28

1,024.

GEO. H. BATESON WRIGHT, D.D. Oxon,

Head Master.

AVERAGE EXPENSES of each SCHOLAR at QUEEN'S COLLEGE during 1895.

Expenditure-

Cash Book,

.$29,901.24

Crown Agents,

3,416.76

Cash Book, Exchange Compensation,

4,125.81

Do.,

do.,

Arrears 1894, ..

2,640.99

Crown Agents, Adjustment of Exchange,

1,651.54

$41,736.34

Deduct-

School Fees,

Refund,

Salary of Master on loan to Kowloon,

.$12,667.00 1.00

516.00

Total Expense of the College,..........

$13,184.00

$28,552.34

Average Expense of each Scholar per No. on Roll,

Do.

do.

per Average Daily Attendance,.......

.$27.88 44.11

GEO. H. BATESON WRIGHT, D.D. Oxon, Head Master.

N.B.-The figures against Crown Agents are an estimate only, and will doubtless require to be corrected when

correct details reach the Treasury.

REPORT ON THE ANNUAL EXAMINATION HELD AT QUEEN'S COLLEGE

FROM JANUARY 3RD TO 16TH, 1896.

QUEEN'S COLLEGE,

HONGKONG, 31st January, 1896.

GENTLEMEN,--We have the honour of reporting to you the result of the Annual Examination held by us at Queen's College during the current month.

In accordance with instructions received from you we have examined, either by written work or orally, "all the subjects taught in the College including the Chinese school," with the exception of Shorthand which we understand is at an elementary stage--it being undesirable that boys commen- cing this subject should be subjected to any test in it until they have arrived at a certain standard of ➡ efficiency.

The examination occupied 11 days (January 3rd to 16th), exclusive of one day given to the Chinese school; and on 8 of these days the work was carried on in the afternoon as well as in the morning.

Papers were set in all the subjects offered except Reading, Conversation, and the Pupil Teachers' Practical Work, which were taken orally. Great care was taken to preserve, as far as possible, the standard hitherto adopted in the Annual Examinations, the questions being carefully chosen to test the knowledge which had been imparted to the boys in those portions of their subjects which they had been taught. Only in three instances was it pointed out by the Head Master that we had exceeded this limit, and then due allowance was made in the awarding of marks. The papers were generally slightly longer than usual, in order to give as much scope as possible; and it is hoped that the tabulated results on the mark sheets may afford some means of comparison between the work in this examina- tion and that of last year. We have, however, in order to avoid too severe a test, taken 40 per cent, instead of 50 per cent. for the minimum of marks necessary to obtain a "pass." It was thus possible for any boy, doing a little well, to pass.

In reporting upon the work of 566 boys it is impossible, without being inconveniently lengthy to give more than a general view of the examiners' opinion of the work done. To do this would necessitate a detailed report upon each class, or set of parallel divisions, and as this cannot be done we would draw attention to the mark sheets, which have been prepared to show not only the order of merit in each division, but also the percentage of marks obtained in each subject by each boy, and the percentage of passes in each subject in each division, as well as the actual number of passes and failures awarded to each boy.

ness.

With regard to the actual work, as might be expected in a school of this kind and size where some boys have been so long and some so short a time under tuition, the work showed great uneven- But what is less easily accountable is the fact that the boys in one class, not excepting the First, showed great disparity of knowledge or of power to reproduce it. There were a good many cases of conspicuous success, but there was also a lamentable amount of weak and inaccurate work. The best subjects were Writing, Algebra and Book-keeping, and the worst Conversation, Composition, Latin, Euclid.

Marks were assigned for Writing throughout the school, and this was very creditable and satis- factory.

In Reading and Conversation the examiners took all the boys, 5 or 6 at a time, in a separate room and devoted from 15 to 25 minutes to each group. Every boy read before the examiners at least twice, many three times; and conversations were engaged in between the examiners and the boys, or between the boys themselves in the presence of the examiners. The reading and conversa- tion in the First and Second Classes were very satisfactory, showing that the test applied was not too severe, and also that boys could be taught to read clearly and intelligently, and learn to converse with a fair command of idiom. But the majority of this work in the rest of the school leaves room for much improvement. We do not think it a good plan that reading should be taught by Chinese Masters, and we are of opinion that more time should be given to the cultivation of the habit of

composing and speaking simple sentences idiomatically. At the Head Masters' Conference in England held last month, it was resolved that "It is desirable that modern languages be taught more collo- quially than is customary in schools at present," and we think that much of the deficiency in speaking English which we noticed in the greater part of the school might be supplied if some time were given to the teaching of colloquial English. We do not see from the table of hours of work supplied to us that any time is given especially to this subject; the 24 hours a week put down for conversation appears to mean no more than that the boys are taught various subjects in English, by European or Chinese Masters, during that number of hours. We feel sure from our experience that no definite improvement can be effected in this matter unless especial attention is paid to it.

In the lower classes, where the number of pages of the reading book prepared was small, the boys had read the same piece so frequently that, on five out of six occasions when the examiners asked a boy to close his book and repeat four or five lines which he had just read, they were repeated verbatim with as much fluency as when the book was open before him. The consequence of this frequent reading of the same passage is that boys get into the habit of not looking carefully at the whole of a word, and when, in an unfamiliar passage, the eye catches sight of a word slightly similar to one better known, the boy pronounces the latter and seems totally unconscious that he is making nonsense of the sentence. We noticed a very common mistake, which ought to be remedied at once; nouns in the singular were read as plural and vice versa, tenses in the present as past and vice versa. The same mistakes occur in the written work of all the Classes.

The Dictation was taken in each Class, except in Class I., from the part of the reading book which the boys had prepared, in order that there should be no unfamiliar words in the piece chosen. And care was taken that the unfamiliar voices of the examiners should not in any way make the passage unduly difficult.

A boy was allowed to make six mistakes and yet to pass (errors in punc- tuation counting, and in spelling 1). In spite of this-and the portion on which marks were assigned was no longer than in previous years-there were too many failures; we think that a good many of these might have been avoided by more care on the part of the boys, and if English Masters only had been allowed to teach reading. Punctuation was very weak especially in the Middle Classes. The writing was good, and it was pleasing to find several perfect papers in Classes IV., VII. and VIII.

Composition. As in previous examinations the boys in Class I. were asked to write an essay. Three subjects were given (The Sports and Pastimes to be seen in Hongkong, The Peak Tramway, and The Benefits of Foreign Trade), and boys were invited to select one and write upon it. We were much pleased with the work in I.a.; two or three essays being excellent, and the mistakes in composition very few. In the other classes, II. to V., a short story was read out twice by an English Master, and an explanation of it given in Chinese by a native Teacher. The boys were then instructed to reproduce the story in their own words. A few boys acquitted themselves creditably, but the mass of the work was very poor. We do not feel sure that this is the best method of teaching Composition, as boys seem to try too much to reproduce the exact words they have heard; and they make this effort at the expense of the sense. Much attention is needed to this subject. We think it would be better to teach the boys to compose and write correctly short sentences relating to some simple subject chosen by a Master; afterwards to write longer ones and to combine them. Many papers were quite unintelligible.

Grammar.-We were satisfied with the work of I.A. and I. C,A., and also of II.A., where there was evidence of good teaching, and we found the analysis of sentences on the whole good. Much of the work of the other Classes was ruined by inaccuracy and by an inability to express correctly what had been learnt by heart. Too much dependence is put upon rote-work. It may be necessary

for a teacher to know that "an adjective is a word that may be joined to a noun to describe, to delimit, or to point to, that which we are naming by the noun," but it is not good to burden the memory of Chinese boys with such things unless it is desired to "sacrifice Education to Examination." Many boys had been taught to reproduce this definition, but the majority of them, in this and other cases, made nonsense of what they had tried to commit to memory. And when a boy in the Third Class, who has been in the school three years, writes such rubbish as “The common noun distinguishes as proper nouns the things, persons or places are given the name to it that is used for proper," it is time to consider whether the whole method of teaching Grammar from a text-book does not require revision. This is only a sample of the many unintelligible answers with which the majority of papers teemed. Such a provincialism (appearing in about 75 per cent. of the papers) as "shew" for the past tense of "to show " ought not to be possible, and the learning of difficult definitions and explanations

by heart, which are very evidently not understood, should be strongly discouraged. On the whole this very important subject is very feeble and disappointing in a school which aims at giving an English education to Chinese boys. “Some adverbs are elecquar" can scarcely convey any meaning to the boy who wrote it, and requires some ingenuity for its elucidation.

History. The English History papers exhibit a considerable acquaintance with the phraseology of the text-books, but when this is coupled with a very slight ability to explain its meaning it may be doubted whether the system of learning passages by heart is altogether conducive to a satisfactory knowledge of History. It is evident, however, that considerable trouble has been taken by the boys themselves or by their teachers, whereby a large number of facts have been committed to memory. The neatness also of nearly every paper was remarkable, and with few exceptions the writing was excellent.

Geography.-In this subject the memories of boys seemed overburdened with details crammed from books. They could repeat what they had learned, and when a question could be answered by doing so, they reproduced exactly paragraphs from their text-books. The general impression produced on reading the papers is that the teaching of geography might be greatly improved by the more frequent use of blank maps. In a number of instances sketch-maps of more than ordinary merit were drawn by boys in Class I. Few candidates gave satisfactory answers to the questions in Physical Geography.

Shakespeare.-Three Acts from " Henry V." were offered by Class I. The papers exhibit painstaking and careful work both on the part of Masters and boys. The best average was obtained in section I. C,A.; in this section every boy passed; one received 90 and another 82 per cent. marks. It is worthy of note that a question requiring candidates to summarise in their own words the argument of a long speech was answered by the majority with marked success.

Latin. Of the Latin papers the less said the better. In the divisions I. C,A. and I. С,в. one boy, and one only, came any where near the standard offered for examination. All the others failed in the very elements of grammar, where also, with two exceptions, the third divisions failed also. For boys who cannot recognise the parts of speech-far less parse the simplest words-for these to offer several sections of "Cæsar" is absurd. In no language more than in Latin are the early grammatical rules important; but we think it unwise that the study of this subject should be continued at present. Book-keeping.Classes I. and II. were examined in this subject. Papers from Class I. were very good indeed, and those from Class II. fair. The style throughout was satisfactory.

General Information.-A paper was set to Classes I. and II. only, affording scope for a variety of information upon current, local, and general topics. Though in accordance with the custom of previous years the marks awarded are used in calculating the total number of passes and failures we do not think it necessary to comment on the relative numbers. The questions at least gave an opportunity to boys of showing how far they understood the meaning of them, and how far they could express themselves when they had anything to answer. Some of the papers were fairly well done, but the majority of boys in Class II. produced many absolutely unintelligible answers. Some answers afforded the examiners considerable diversion amidst a mass of monotonous work.

Arithmetic.-Classes I.A., I. C,A., and II. C,A. on the whole did very creditably. We think that II. C,A. should be grouped with a higher Class than V. In several Classes there was a deplorable exhibition of careless and inaccurate working. An examiner expects to find the majority of boys able to do simple questions in vulgar fractions, decimals, practice, and reduction, where these come within the range of a Class's reading, but in Classes I. to V., except those mentioned above, there was a conspicuous failure in the work in these elementary rules. A few boys did very well indeed, showing that the subject has been successfully taught to them, but we expected to see greater average proficiency shown by a whole class. The papers were carefully set on the pages offered. Every question was correctly answered by one boy or another, but many papers were disappointing. The methods employed do not always seem to be the best. One noticed the old stumbling blocks-the place of the decimal point in division, the order of operation of various signs in compound fractions, cancelling in l.c.m., and the order of terms in proportion-causing boys to offend, as well as very long methods where shorter ones are available. The "unitary method" in proportion might be advantageously employed. Here and there a boy successfully grappled with a comparatively difficult problem, but on the whole the work was poor. The lower Classes, VI. VII., and VIII, with few

exceptions, did satisfactorily. Boys seem to be pushed on too rapidly, and before they have thoroughly mastered, so as to be able to accurately apply, the simpler rules. What is required is the use of a very large number and variety of examples carefully graduated and illustrating each rule, as it comes under notice. Few, if any, books contain a sufficient number or variety, but the masters ought to be able to supply them. If this be done there might be more thoroughness.

Algebra. This subject has evidently been carefully and well taught in Classes I., II. and III. Very creditable papers were sent up by I. A., II. A., III. A. B., and the majority of the work was charac- terised by neatness and accuracy. Only a few bad answers were sent in by ignorant or careless boys. The unevenness in the percentages of passes in different Classes is not due to difference in the difficulty of papers, for where the questions were, in the opinion of the examiners, thought to be unequal, due allowance was made in the marking. In contrast to the Arithmetic, there were here very few of the common blunders, and it is evident that the careful teaching has been appreciated. Without wishing to detract from the conspicuous merit of much of the work in this subject, we think that one of the causes of success is due to the fact that an accurate knowledge of English is not so essential here as in such subjects as Grammar, History, and Composition.

Euclid. The Euclid offered by Classes I., II. and III. is very disappointing. Any boy could have passed by doing accurate work on the First Book only; and yet but 44 boys passed out of 160 examined. Only six boys out of 45 in Class I. could write the sixth proposition correctly. With the exception of Class I. A., the whole work is very weak. There is very little grasp of the subject at all, and much evidence of attempted learning by heart: such attempts when they led, as they often did, to nonsense, were, as they deserved to be, severely marked; hence the low percentage of

passes.

Over and over again boys wrote, or attempted to write, a proposition which they were not asked to write; and very few could apply I. 4 and 8 properly. If boys cannot do better than they have done, we think it undesirable that any time whatever should be spent on this subject, except in a few special cases. But if it is taught, care must be taken to discourage in every way possible the rote-learning which destroys all the value and the beauty of geometry. Boys should not be pushed on, even to the middle of Book I., till they have mastered the early propositions. Much more use ought to be made of the application of such propositions as 4 and 8 to the simplest kind of problems, of which a master should be able to supply a large store. In writing out a proposition scarcely any boys paid any attention to punctuation-this may seem a small point but it is very essential if boys are to make any use of the arguments of Euclid. The method, too, of writing continuously in one paragraph is bad, but care should be taken, if the method of writing each sentence on a separate line be adopted, that each line is not necessarily begun with a capital letter. It was impossible to tell, in some cases, whether the argument was right or not in the mind of the boy; it was certainly not correct on paper. All the old confusion in the use of "but" and "and," "because and "therefore," and in the data and quærenda in the particular enunciations appeared again and again. There was a general lacking in neatness in writing and arrangement, and sometimes the figures were lettered differently from the arguments which referred to them. Euclid being such excellent and simple English Prose, it seems desirable that it should be taught, but at present the time spent upon it is, in the majority of cases, wasted.

English to Chinese.- A number of boys showed both knowledge of English and ability to write Chinese. In the middle and lower classes there was a good percentage of passes. The difficulty Chinese boys have in understanding the meaning of English words was, however, manifest in all classes. The following may serve as illustrations:-In Class I. 15 boys out of 26 mistook the word what used relatively for the same word used interrogatively. In Class II.B. 13 boys out of 28 mis- translated the word highroad, making it mean a road at a lofty elevation. In the lower and middle classes much work was spoiled by boys, who could read English, being unable to write Chinese. Characters having a sound and tone like the Chinese equivalents of English words in the passages set, but with totally different meanings, were used, often in such a way as to destroy all the sense of the passage. Thus in VIII.A. 17 out of 39 boys wrote in Chinese words meaning close or quiet instead of the word bees. In IV.A. 9 boys out of 39 wrote the word for yellow instead of another word of the. same sound and tone meaning locusts. In IV.B. boys were required to translate the phrase straight as an arrow; 4 wrote straight as fighting, 4 straight as scissors, and 1 straight as virtue. These are typical instances. In the paper of IIIB. the word creased occurred, and no boy attempted to translate it. The practice of many boys is to use reading books in which above the English words Chinese equivalents have been written. It is, we think, a practice to be condemned; but if it is continued, the Master should see that the characters written in the books are such as really translate the English.

Boys should be taught to think out carefully the meaning of the entire piece set for translation, and of its several parts in their connection, before putting pe: to paper. Some who failed rendered correctly a few detached sentences, and might with a little more care have passed.

Chinese to English.-In the Lower Classes many boys had committed to memory, and were able to reproduce, the renderings given to them by the Masters; whilst in the higher classes there were, in a few instances, laudable efforts at independent versions. The value of the answers would have been greater had candidates relied less on the English phrases learned in class, and more on the work done in the preparation of the lessons. That few boys are really competent to translate Chinese into English may be seen from the results of the extra prize examination. For this a sight passage was selected from the Chinese Classic of History. Twelve boys sent in papers. Two had really under- stood the piece and rendered it into fairly good English, securing 70 and 80 marks respectively out of a hundred. No other boy obtained more than 50 per cent.

Chinese School.-In the Chinese school marks were not awarded. All papers sent in were first examined and annotated by the native provincial graduate who assisted in this part of the examination. Those from each class were then distributed in three groups, according as they were adjudged to be of higher, medium or lower merit. There was a final selection of papers to show the best work done by each class.

The percentage of passes for the Chinese school is-Essay 30, Letter 45, Literature 30, Prosody 32, Antithetic Couplets 55.

Assuming that examinations in the Chinese school are to be conducted on lines similar to those laid down for the holding of such examinations throughout China, we would call attention to the following points :---

1. Papers should be stamped for identification. Boys should not be allowed to bring into the Examination Room pieces of writing paper not uniform in size purchased at differ- ent shops. Paper of the proper kind should on the day of the examination be issued to candidates who might be charged the cost price.

2. Boys should be required to write single characters in the proper spaces.

3. In the Chinese school answers should be written in the order of the questions.

Trigonometry.-One boy in I. C, b. took an easy paper in Trigonometry up to the Solution of Triangles, and produced accurate and fairly complete answers.

Pupil Teachers.-We examined the Pupil Teachers in their Practical and Theoretical Work, and were satisfied that they are able to give practical assistance to the Staff.

Drawing.-Classes IV., V. and VI. were examined in Map Drawing. The best work of each class is highly creditable. Some very good specimens of Freehand Drawing, the work of the best boys, were exhibited to the examiners, but no marks were assigned.

Finally, while we recoguise in the work of individual boys evidence of sound and careful teaching, the general efficiency of the work appeared to us to be small. We think that boys are pushed on too rapidly, and we feel sure that more attention should be given to the teaching and the study of English. We believe that much good might be effected, and the standard of efficiency raised, if the ability and energy of the European Staff were directed more to the Chinese boys. And we are not confident that it is for the welfare of the School, or in the interests of the education of the Chinese, that the Non-Chinese boys should be in separate classes, and consequently the whole time of two European Masters given entirely to them.

We are pleased to be able to report very favourably on the discipline of the School and the general orderly behaviour of the boys. Lastly, our thanks are due to the Head Master and the Assistant Masters for their ready coöperation with us in all matters where we needed their assistance.

We have the honour,

Gentlemen,

to be your obedient Servants,

R. F. COBBOLD, M.A.,

THOMAS W. PEARCE, Examiners.

To the

GOVERNING BODY OF QUEEN'S College.

QUEEN'S COLLEGE, HONGKONG. ANNUAL EXAMINATION, 1896.

EUCLID.

Class I. A.

1. Classify the different kinds of triangles (a) according to their sides, and (b) according to their

angles.

2. Prove that-If two angles of a triangle be equal, the sides also which are opposite to the equal

angles are equal to one another.

What is the corollary to this proposition?

3. If a side of any triangle be produced the exterior angle is equal to the two interior and opposite

angles, and the three interior angles of every triangle are together equal to two right angles.

4. If the square described on one of the sides of a triangle be equal to the sum of the squares described on the other two sides, the angle contained by these two sides is a right angle. Enunciate the converse of this proposition.

5. To divide a given straight line into two parts so that the rectangle contained by the whole and one part may be equal to the square on the other part. In what proposition in this construction first used in Euclid?

6. To draw from a given point without the circumference a straight line which shall touch a given

circle.

7. The opposite angles of any quadrilateral inscribed in a circle are together equal to two right angles. 8. To inscribe a circle in a given triangle.

9. Two circles intersect: prove that the common chord is bisected at right angles by the straight line

joining their centres.

10. Prove that the bisectors of the angles at the base of an isosceles triangle cannot meet at right

angles.

Classes I. B & I. Ca.

1. Define a straight line, a circle, a plane, a parallelogram, a triangle, and classify the triangles

according to their sides.

2. Prove that If two angles of a triangle be equal, the sides also which are opposite to the equal

angles shall be equal to one another.

What is the corollary to this proposition?

3. If a side of any triangle be produced, the exterior angle is equal to the two interior and opposite

angles.

4. Parallelograms on equal bases and between the same parallels are equal to one another.

5. If the square described on one of the sides of a triangle be equal to the sum of the squares described on the other two sides, the angle contained by these two sides is a right angle.

6. To divide a given straight line into two parts, so that the rectangle contained by the whole line

and one part may be equal to the square on the other part.

7. To draw from a given point without the circumference a straight line which shall touch the given

circle.

8. The opposite angles of any quadrilateral inscribed in a circle are together equal to two right angles. 9. Two circles intersect: prove that the common chord is bisected by the straight line joining their

centres.

10. Prove that the bisectors of the angles at the base of an isosceles triangle cannot meet at right angles.

Classes I. Cb. & II. A.B.

1. Define a straight line, a scalene triangle, a plane, a circle, a rhombus.

2. Enunciate Proposition 4 of Book I.

3. Prove that-If two angles of a triangle be equal, the sides also which are opposite to the equal

angles are equal to one another.

What is the corollary to this proposition?

4. To draw a straight line perpendicular to a given straight line of unlimited length from a given

point without it.

Why must we say of unlimited length?

5. Any two sides of a triangle are together greater than the third side.

6. If a side of a triangle be produced the exterior angle is equal to the two interior and opposite

angles.

7. If a parallelogram and a triangle be on the same base and between the same parallels, the

parallelogram shall be double of the triangle.

8. If the square described on one of the sides of a triangle be equal to the sum of the squares described

on the other two sides, the angle contained by these two sides is a right angle.

9. Two circles intersect: prove that, by joining the centres with one another, and with the points of

intersection. two equal triangles are thus formed.

10. Prove that if the bisectors of the angles at the base of an isosceles triangle meet within the triangle

they are equal to one another.

Class III. A.

1. Define-a straight line, a scalene triangle, a circle, a square.

2. From a given point to draw a straight line equal to a given straight line.

3. Enunciate Proposition 4 of Book I.

4. If two angles of a triangle be equal, the sides also which are opposite to the equal angles shall be

equal to one another.

5. If two triangles have the three sides of the one equal to the three sides of the other each to each

they shall be equal in all respects. (Proposition 8.)

6. To draw a straight line perpendicular to a given straight line of unlimited length from a given

point without it.

7. Any two sides of a triangle are together greater than the third side.

8. Two circles intersect: prove that if their centres be joined with one another and with the points of

intersection two equal triangles are thus formed.

Classes II. Ca. & III. B.

1. Define-a straight line, a scalene triangle, a circle.

2. From a given point to draw a straight line equal to a given straight line.

3. Enunciate Proposition 4 of Book I.

4. If two angles of a triangle be equal, the sides also which are opposite to the equal angles shall be

equal to one another.

5. To bisect a given rectilineal angle.

6. From the centres A and B describe two circles at a distance equal to half AB.

How would you show that the two circles are equal?

ALGEBRA. Class I. A.

1. Define-a progression, duplicate ratio, inverse variation.

2. Write down the factors of (i) a—ba; (ii) a® —b3 ; (iii) a° +l3 ; (iv) 4a3 + 1; (v) 20æ2 —43x − 1 2 ;

(vi) x2+ x2y2 + y*.

3. Find the continued product of—

(i) (a−b) (a+b) (a−b) (a2+b2) (x*+b1). (ii) (a+b+c) (a+b−c) (a−b+c) (a−b−c).

4. Divide a3 + b3 + c3 − 3abc by a+b+c. 5. Solve the equations :—

(i)

2 + 3 2x-9

3x+1

x 6

x 4

( ii )

X 2

x -7

Ꮖ

(iii) 2x2+9x-35-0. x2 + xy + y2=39 | ( x − y)3 = -27

(iv)

6. Simplify (first arranging in cyclic order):-

za-b-c (a−b) (a−c)

c+a-2b

2c-a-b

(b−c) (b−a) ~ (a−c) (c—b)'

7. Write down the Arithmetical, Geometrical and Harmonic means between p and J

they are in geometric progression.

8. Find the sum of---

-2-2-2

+ 1 +

..to 15 terms.

and show that

(i)

(ii) (iii)

to 4 terms.

..to 4 terms.

9. Solve the quadratic ax2 + bx + c =

0); and if a and B are the roots show that a3 + ß3-

3abc-b3 a3

10. A spends half as much again as B who saves one third of his income. B spends £200 less than

A, who saves three times as much as B. Find their incomes.

1. Define ratio, proportion, surd.

Classes I. B. & I. Ca.

2. Write down the product of x2-9 by x2-16; and state why or why not each term in the product

is a perfect square.

3. What are the factors of (i) a3+b3; (ii) 27a3 - Sb3; (iii) 16a1-1; (iv) x2-10x+16;

(v) 9x2 - 32x-16; (vi) ab+be+cd + da.

4. Divide 6x-x3y—10x1y3 +31x3y3 — 14x2y1 — 9.xy3 + 12yo by 3x1+4x3y—5x2y2 + 3y*.

5. Find the H. C. F. of 2x2-5x2 + 5x−3, 2x3 − x2 −5x+3, 2x3-3x2+6x−9, and the L. C. M. of

3(a2—b2), 6(n3—b3), 9(a3¬2a2b+2ab2 —b3), and 12(a3−3a2b+3al2−b3), expressing it in factors. 6. Solve the equations :-

3 10

(i)

(ii)

x2 - 5xy+4y2

5418 (y-x).

7x 4

(iii)

1 +

3x 4

7x+4

3x + 4

7. Prove that a° 1, and simplify:

-3

8. Simplify

a-b

a2 + b2 + c2 (b−a) (c-b) (a−c)

9. A man walked 60 miles at a certain pace: when he had gone twice as many miles as the number of minutes in which he went one mile, he found he would be 6 hrs. 40 min. more on his journey. Find the pace at which he walked.

Classes I. Cb. & II. A.B.

1. What is a quadratic equation? And what do you mean by "cyclic order"? Give examples. 2. Add together a (b+c) − b (c−a),b (c+a) - c(a-b), and c (a+b) – a (b−c). 3. Subtract a (b−c) — b (c−a) from c (a-b) - a (b+c).

4. Find the square root of—

x-6x+4x3 + 9x2

12x + 4.

5. What are the factors of—(i) a3 – b3; (ii) a1 − 1 ; (iii) x2 + xy − 30y2; (iv) 6a2b + 3abc – 9bc2. 6. Find the H. C. F. of 3x2- x2 + 3x - 1 and 3x3- x2 - 3x + 1.

7. Solve the equations-

3x 4

2x + 3

(i)

6x 5 4x + 9

(ii)

{

21x + 17y

173

18x5ly

114

8. Simplify

a + b (ca) (be)

(iii) 3x2-7æ – 6 = 0

b + c

c + a

(a − b ) ( c − a) + (b − e) (a − b)

9. Two different numbers are represented by the same two digits: the larger number is 21 times as great as its units figure: the difference between the two numbers is 12 less than the smaller number. What are they?

Classes II. Ca. & III. A.B.

1. What is a negative quantity ? And what are simultaneous equations?

2. Add together 3x-2y-5z, 4y-2x-8ż, 4x+3y-10x, x-y-6z, 5y+8z+9x, 32−9y-6x.

3. From a-7ab-5b+2 subtract -5a+6ab−3b+4.

4. Multiply 2a-3b+4c by 2a-3b-4c.

5. Divide 3x-4x3+4x2+8x−3 by x2-2x+3.

6. Simplify-

4 {3(b − 2α) – 2(c — 3b)} − 4 [a − 4 {2c - 3(b − 2a)}].

7. Solve the equations-

(i) 3 (x-4) - 4 (3−x) 4x-3.

(ii)

ƒ12x+7y = 69 110x-9y:

8. A boy is two and a half times as old as his brother.

difference between their ages will be 7 years.

When the elder is twice his present age, the Find the ages.

BOOK-KEEPING.

Class I.

1. Suppose that Andrew Archer writes to you, requesting you to discount a Bill for $500, which he encloses, and to pay the proceeds to Benjamin Brinkley, on his (Archer's) account, and that you do so deducting $30 for discount. Give a copy-

(a) Of Andrew Archer's Journal entries.

(b) Of Benjamin Brinkley's Journal entry.

2. (i) Journalise the following transactions; (ii) Post into Ledger; (iii) Balance all the Accounts; (iv)

Draw out the Balance Sheet :-

Dec. 1. I have in hand cash $350. At the bank $5,000. Goods worth $2,300.

G. Ebbs owes me $210. W. Randall owes me $530. I owe H. Baldwin $640, and A. Soames $150.

Dec. 2. Bought goods for cash

5. W. Randall paid me $400 less 5 % disc. 6. I paid H. Baldwin $500 less 5 % disc....

9. Sold goods for cheque sent to Bank.........

$ 82.00

380.00

475.00

96.00

12. Sold goods to W. Randall.............

72.00

14. G. Ebbs has become insolvent, pays 60 % dividend on his debt

126.00

14. Bad debt.....

84.00

15. I paid A. Soames $150 less 5 % discount

142.50

30. Sold goods for cash this month

112.00

Paid as Wages $74. Rent $30

104.00

Drew for Private Expenses

50.00

(Estimated value of goods on hand $2,150.)

Show the following accounts :-Capital; Cash; Bank; Goods; Trade Expenses; Discounts;

Debts; Ebbs; Randall; Baldwin; Soames.

Bad

Class II.

1. On which side of a Cash Book must an amount paid away be entered? Explain.

2. At the end of the year which side of Stock account should be the greater if I am solvent?

3. From the following transactions extending over December 1895, you are required (i) To make Ledger entries; (ii) Prepare a Balance Sheet; (iii) Ascertain ny gain or loss on goods; (iv) Make out a Capital Account.

(Cash and Bank to be treated as one account.)

Dec. 1. Capital in Bauk

3. Bought goods of Tompkins & Co....

5. Sold goods to Lee & Co.

$2,250.00

1.750.00

450.00

10. Paid carriage of goods

15. Sold goods to Petersen Brothers

16. Lee & Co., paid me

I allowed them discount at 5 %...

20. Paid Tompkins & Co.

36.00

210.00

380.00

20.00

1,140.00

receiving discount at 5%

22. Received from Petersen Brothers payment

allowing them discount

60.00

200.00

10.00

30. Sold goods for cash during the month

96.00

Sent to Bank

96.00

Rent $50. Rates $16. Wages $34

110.00

Private expenses...

40.00

(Value of goods on hand $1,885.)

GRAMMAR.

Class I. A.B.

1. What prepositions should be used after the following verbs :-arrive, assent, be desirous, dissent,

impose, be interested, interfere, be obliged?

2. Write down the present, past, and past participle of--cat, fly, forsake, hear, move, shoot, sing, slay,

weave.

3. What do you mean by a sentence, a subordinate sentence, syntax, concord? Give any rules of

syntax relating to pronouns.

4. What is the mood of a verb? Comment on the moods in the following:-

(a) Go, bid thy mistress, when my drink is ready, she strike upon the bell.

(b) To know her is to love her.

(e) I would I were a bird

(d) I am in trouble through having been angry.

(e) God bless you.

5. When can the word that be used as a relative? In what other ways can it be used? Give short

sentences in illustration.

6. Explain how there are "nine primary tenses ; give their distinguishing names, and an example

of each from the active voice of the verb to shake.

7. Re-write the following correctly

8. Analyse--

(a) Which of your hands are cleanest? Neither are clean at all. (6) Is it me whom you are waiting for?

(d) Every one of the boys lost their tempers.

(e) I do not like these sort of questions.

(f) If you know who it is, tell me who to pay.

(9) You take more trouble or at any rate as much as me.

(4) Being a holiday the coolies laid down and did no work.

(a) He spoke so quickly that I could not understand him.

(b) "The man who neither reverences nobleness nor loves goodness is hateful." (c) "There's a house a few miles from the city

I frequently linger outside,

Tis the home of a maid who is pretty,

A maid I would like for my bride."

Classes I. Ca. & II. A.B.

1. What parts of speech are-alike, along, also, alter, alas, aloe, although, aught.

2. What are transitive, intransitive and auxiliary verbs?

from the verb to write.

What are the principal tenses? Illustrate

3. Give the present, past and past participle of—show, lie, see, break, wear, strike, hold, build.

4. What is meant by the subject, predicate, and the object of a sentence? Pick out the subjects, pre-

dicates, and objects from-

(a) Do this for me.

(b) Tis an ill wind that blows nobody any good.

5. Write the following correctly:-

(a) All those kind of practices never pay.

(b) Neither he nor his brother have finished.

(d) Each of the boys lost their tempers.

(e) I haven't only one, and that is so bad I can't hardly use it.

(f) Some sort of apples are better than other.

6. What do you mean by syntax, sentence, complex sentence, substantival clause?

7. Analyse, or parse the words in italics—

(a) I think it foolish to go.

(b) He is still standing where I left him.

(d) Singing heartily he walked upstairs.

(e) Had he answered politely when asked, he might have escaped all blame.

Classes I Co. & II A.B.

1. Distinguish between proper and common nouns. How are proper nouns sometimes used as common

nouns and sometimes in the plural?

2. Give two examples of nouns having more than one plural with different meanings. Give the plural

of-bush, fish, stuff, staff, folio, negro, seaman, man-servant.

3. What is the difference in the use of his in

(a) This book is his,

and (b) This is his book.

Give the corresponding forms of all the possessive pronouns.

4. What is an intransitive verb? What are the principal tenses of a verb? Illustrate from the verb

to write.

5. Give the present, past, and past participle of-show, lie, see, break, wear, strike, hold, build.

6. What are the subjects, predicates and objects in the following:--

(a) Do this for me.

(b) The book you gave me pleased me much.

7. Write out the following correctly:-

(a) Those kind of practices never pay.

(b) Neither he nor his brother have finished.

(e) Each of the boys lost their tempers.

(d) Who is that for?

(e) I haven't only one, and that is so bad I can't hardly use it.

Classes II Ca. & IV A.B.C.

1. What is an abstract noun? What are the abstract nouns most closely connected with the following words?—grateful, royal, vicious, king, imperial, judge, poor, warm, ignorant, busy, decide.

2. Give the positive, comparative and superlative of-full, far, first, plentiful, worse, less, many, happy. 3. Put the following sentences actively:--

(a) The bills have all been paid already.

(b) If the boat had been upset, I should have been drowned.

Change the next sentence (c) by making it (i) negative, (ii) passive, (iii) interrogative.

4. Parse the words in italics in—Did you read that book to-day? I read this book but not that. The

book that I read was mine. I am sure that I read it all.

5. Give the present, past and past participle of make, break, bake, forsake, write, invite, bite, fight, grow,

sow, crow, go.

6. How are adverbs compared? What are the adverbs derived from real, particular, good, all, three. 7. Write out the following, underlining the adjectives once and the adverbs twice:--

"Right on our flank the crimson sun went down,

The deep sea rolled around in dark repose,

When like a wild shriek from some captured town

A cry of women rose.'

Analyse any simple sentence in the above.

Classes II Cb. & V A.B.

1. Define a common noun. How are proper nouns distinguished in writing? Give three examples of

compound nouns.

2. Write four pairs of short sentences, illustrating the use of the same word as two different parts of

speech, thus: He is still here (adv.).

The night is very still (adj.).

3. What is a relative pronoun? Write down as many as you know. What other kinds of

are there?

4. Give the other degrees of comparison of-full, far, first, plentiful, worse, less, many, happy, 5. Put the following sentences actively :-

(a) The bills have all been paid already.

(b) If the boat had been upset, I should have been drowned.

pronouns

6. What is an abstract noun? What are the abstract nouns derived from-white, royal, king, high, busy,

judge?

7. What parts of speech are the words in italics in-Did you read that book to-day? I read this book

but not that. The book that I read was mine. I am sure that I read it all.

Class VI. AB.C.

1. How many parts of speech are there? Name them, and give one example of each.

2. What is a noun? What different kinds of nouns are there? Is the room in which you work a noun ?

What part of speech is the word adjective?

3. Write down in two columns the masculine and feminine of the following:-man, lord, widow, horse,

bride, tiger, cock-bird, goose, she-goat.

4. Write down in two columns the singular and plural of-man, mouse, monkey, mass, mercy, sheep,

oxen, brethren, gases, vases.

5. What is the subject in each of the following?

(a) Where are you going?

(b) Bring me my hat.

6. What is the predicate in each of the following?

(a) The monkey ate the chestnuts.

(b) Time and tide wait for no man.

(d) When are you going to finish your work?

7. Parse the words in italics in-"It is possible to speak about a thing without using a word for it."

Where is this sentence found? What is the meaning of the word thing.

Class VII. A.B.

1. How many parts of speech are there? Name them, and give an example of each.

2. What is a noun? What different kinds of nouns are there?

3. Write down the feminine of-man, boy, lord, master, husband, nephew, uncle, father.

4. Write down the plural of-house, fly, monkey, man, ox, thief, tooth, mouse.

➡5. What is an adjective? Write down six adjectives describing different articles in the room in which

you are.

6. Point out which is noun, adjective, pronoun, verb, adverb, preposition in the following:-

"Far away near a desert island a sailor thought of his home."

ARITHMETIC.

Class I A.B.

1. How can we tell without actual division whether a given number, such as 498960, is divisible by

2, 3, 6 and 11 ?

2. Simplify 1122 of 11-1425 ÷ (32÷31 − 3).

3. Reduce to a decimal, and from your work show how to write down 2, 3, &c. as decimals.

Hence find the value of 1-714285 of £7. 15. 108-71428571 of £23. 7. 81 + ·0428571 of £77. 18. 11.

4. Find the cube root of 91672844229.

5. At what rate per cent. simple interest will £210. 8. 4 amount to £320. 17. 8 in 7 ?

years

6. A tradesman marks his goods at 20% above the cost price, and sells them at 10% discount; if

he has to pay a tax on his receipts at 10d. in the £, what is the net gain per cent. ?

7. If the prices of two teas differing by ld. per pound are raised 25 % and 20% respectively they

become equal, what are they?

8. A certain rectangular sheet of paper measures 4ft. 5 in. by 3ft. 4 in. How many such pieces would be required to cover the walls of a room 15ft. 9 in. long, 12ft. high, and 14ft. 24 in. wide leaving a wainscot 2ft. 6 in high at the bottom, and a cornice 8 in. deep at the top.

9. The true discount on £258. 11. 11 for 18 months is £14. 12. 9; find the rate of simple interest

per annum.

10. A debtor's estate is sufficient to pay his creditors 48 % after allowing 20% of his estate for the cost of its administration. One creditor, however, waives a claim of £1000 and it is found. that the estate will pay 60%. Find the amount of the estate.

Classes II A.B. & I Ca.

1. Simplify 2·07 – 1·025 — ·123 + 2·07 ;

also reduce

2. Simplify()

(b)

to a decimal and multiply it by '03.

3140 of 3278

4917

4719

4 + 33 ÷ 21

23 × 31 - 43

2 .

£257. 18. 4. How many

3. An equal number of gunieas, half-guineas, pounds, and pence make up £257. 18. 4.

are there of each ?

4. Find the square root of 3254416 and of 6985. 5. After spending of my money I give away

much had I at first?

of the remainder, and have £1. 11. 1 left. How

6. If 4 men working 8 hours a day earn £12 in 16 days, how many men working 10 hours a day

will earn £15 in the same time? And what is the hourly wage of each man?

7. By selling a horse for £63 I gain 5 %; what should I have gained if I had sold it for £3 more? 8. Find the simple interest on £417. 9. 4 from February 13th in leap year till the last day of August

in the same year, at 7 per cent. for that year.

Classes III A B. & I Cb.

1. Find the sum of the prime numbers between 40 and 80; and determine its greatest common

measure with the sum of the prime factors of 5005.

2. Into how many equal parts, of £7. 6. 31 each, can £5071. 13. 22 be divided so as to leave

£3. 7. 61⁄2 over?

3. Simplify 2·07 + 2·07 – 1·025 − ·123.

4. Reduce to a decimal, and divide it by 2·7.

5. Simplify

4 + 32 ÷ 21

23 × 34 - 43

£257. 18. 4. How many

6. An equal number of guineas, half-guineas, pounds, and pence make up £257. 18. 4.

are there of each ?

7. Find the square root of 3254416.

8. If 4 men working 8 hours a day earn £12 in a certain time, how many men will earn £15 in the

same time working 10 hours a day?

Class IV A.B.C

1. Find the g. c. m. of 22977 and 20608; and the 1. c. m. of 11, 21, 77, 63, 39, 143, 273. 2. Simplify (a) 2 of 13 + 48 of 23

2층

(b) 21 of 43 + 24

3. Reduce £3. 4. 93 to the decimal of £5; and find the value of 1.397083 of £5.

4. Divide ·1043868 by 12:427, and 1043-868 by 12427, and multiply 036 by 0336.

5. A room is 22ft. 8 in. long, 22ft. 3 in. wide, and 10ft. high; find the area of the walls allowing

5 square yards for windows, &c.; and the cost of painting at 74d. per square yard.

6. Find by practice (or otherwise) the cost of 245 articles at £4. 18. 103 each.

Classes V A.B. & II Ca.

1. Multiply 17856 by 25704, and divide the product by 3689.

2. Reduce 24871325 inches to miles, &c.

How many half-guineas are there in £2100 ?

3. Five men contribute £295. 13. 41, £847. 3. 114, £692. 19. 9, £354. 17. 10, and £489. 12. 7

to a common fund. What would each have if it were divided equally among them?

4. Divide 2876057 by 135, using the factors 3, 5 and 9; and show how the remainder is obtained. 5. Find the g. c. m. of 22977 and 20608;

and the 1. c. m. of 11, 21, 77, 63, 39, 143, 273.

6. Simplify (a) 23 of 1 + 4 of 23

(b) 21 of 43 + 23 (c) 2/1/ 13 ÷ 43 × 2#

Classes VI A.B.C. & II Cb.

1. Multiply 945 by 189, and divide by 315.

2. Multiply £86. 2. 74 by 239.

3. Reduce (a) 23975 farthings to £. s. d., and (b) 74 Acres 3 Roods 19 sq. poles 23 sq. yds. to sq.

yards.

4. Divide £39469. 19. 84 by 453.

5. What is the largest number less than 1000 in which 29 is contained an exact number of times? 6. There are three cables measuring-

3 /

5/1/2

what is the total length? And what is the total weight in tons, &c. at 10 lbs. per linear yard?

Class VII A.B.

1. Add 6284, 59732, 37, 80957, 29378, 597, 87629.

2. Find the difference between 56892872 and 58948763.

3. Multiply 7988035 by 5792.

4. Reduce 23975 farthings to £. s. d.

5. Multiply £68. 12. 54 by 59.

6. Thirty-seven men have £919. 19. 04 between them in equal sums; how much has each man? And

how much is the sum possessed by 19 of them greater than the sum possessed by the rest?

Class VIII A.

1. Write in figures (a) Ten million, (b) Eleven hundred thousand; and in words 12002010012. 2. Subtract 39865821

29784377

3. Multiply 4890 by 5460.

4. Divide 91790 by 137.

5. Three schools contain 777 boys each, 21 boys are absent from the first, 89 from the second, and

98 from the third; how many are present altogether?

6. Au army consists of 14 regiments; each regiment is 916 strong; each man has 87 rounds of

ammunition of which 29 cannot be fired. How many shots could they all fire?

Class VIII B.

1. Write in figures (a) Two thousand and forty-nine, () Forty-nine thousand and two, (c) Two

million, two hundred and forty-nine thousand,

2. Add

and in words (d) 1100000, (e) 30400506.

292 3467

3. Subtract

458027 9785

4. Multiply 489 by 546.

39865821 29784377

5. Find the difference between the sum of the six even numbers next above 121, and the sum of the

five odd numbers next above these.

6. How many boys are there present in a school of 23 classes, when from each class of 32 boys 5 are

absent ?

Class VIII C.

1. Write in figures (a) Ten thousand, (b) One million, (c) Eleven hundred ;

and in words (d) 12345, (e) 5040302.

;

2. Add

292

3467

9785

458027

3. Subtract

9876543 3456789

4. Add together all the odd numbers between 120 and 140.

5. Four boys have 17 dollars each; if 3 of them club together how much more have they than the

other one?

LATIN . Class I. Ca.

1. Give the Genitive Plural, Gender, Ablative Singular, and English of-auriga, quercus, genus, gens,

grus, gener, anser, res.

2. Supply the other parts of comparison to-celer, alacer, plus, pius, nequius, imus, gracilis, magnificus,

dubius.

3. What is the difference between-hic, is idem, ipse, ille, iste. Give the whole Accusative Singular of

each.

4. Decline the Reflexive Pronoun.

How is it used? What does the name mean,

5. Write the Infinitive, Perfect Indicative Active, Supine, and English of-fero, pendo, pendeo, figo,

veto, cupio, vinco, vivo, vincio.

6. Give one example with English of-(i) Deponent, (ii) Semi-Deponent, (iii) Quasi-Passive Verbs. 7. Put into Latin-

(i) My son, you cannot dig in the garden.

(ii) He says he is not older than your brother.

(iii) You may (licet) go home, for summer is pleasant in the country.

(iv) My son married the sister of Roscius, and my daughter the friend of Caius. (v) Nothing is finer than courage; but brave soldiers are too often foolish.

8. Put into English-

(i) Aliquid amari in poculo erat.

(ii) Sol multis partibus major est quam luna.

(iii) l'uellam quidem totum diem culpat, puerum autem laudat.

(iv) Quid Romae faciam? Oportet me a. d. III. Kal. Apr. rus ire.

9. Translate these pieces from Cæsar Bell. Gal. I., parsing the words in italics :-

(i) "His rebus fiebat, ut et minus late vagarentur, et minus facile finitimis bellum inferre possent: qua de causa homines bellandi cupidi magno dolore afficiebantur. Pro inultitudine autem hominum, et pro gloria belli atque fortitudinis, angusto se fines habere arbitrabantur, qui in longitudinem millia passuum ducenta et quadraginta, in latitudinem centum et octoginta patebant.'

(ii) "Helvitii, ea spe dejecti, navibus junctis ratibusque compluribus factis, alii vadis Rhodani, qua minima altitudo fluminis erat, nonnunquam interdiu, saepius noctu, si perrumpere possent conati, operis munitione et militum concursu et telis repulsi, hoe conatu destiterunt."

Class I. Cb.

1. Give the Gender, Dative Singular, Genitive Plural, and English of-acus, vis, ficus, poeta, porta,

portus, nix, nox, ars, artus.

2. Write down six nouns, with their meaning, used in the plural only.

3. Give the rules for forming the comparison of Adjectives, with an example in every instance; and

supply the other parts to the following:-nequius, imus, plus, summus.

4. Put into Latin words-33, DCC, "six each," "I am nineteenth."

5. What is the difference between-hic, is, idem, iste, ipse, ille? Give the Accusative and Genitive,

Singular, Neuter, and English of each.

6. Put into Latin-

(i) My son, the trees in our garden, have much fruit.

(ii) The enemy's camp was surrounded by our forces.

(ii) He says he is not older than your brother.

(iv) Let us imitate the wise and good, for no one can be happy without virtue.

7. Put into English-

(i) Unus ex philosophis haec docuerat.

(ii) Aliquid amari in poculo erat.

(iii) Multi flores in campis vere jucundo videntur, et poma mitia auctumno in arboribus pendent.

8. Translate these pieces from Cæsar Bell. Gal. I., parsing the words in italics :-

(i) "His rebus fiebat, ut et minus late vagarentur, et minus facile finitimis bellum inferre possent qua de causa homines bellandi cupidi inagno dolore afficiebantur. Pro multitudine autem hominum, et pro gloria belli atque fortitudinis, angusto se fines habere arbitrabantur, qui in longitudinem millia passuum ducenta et quadraginta, in latitudinem centum et octoginta patebant."

(ii) "Eo opere perfecto, praesidia disponit, castella communit, quo facilius, si se invito transire conarentur, prohibere possit. Ubi ea dies, quam constituerat cum legatis, venit, et legati ad euin reverterunt, negat, 'Se more et exemplo Populi Romani posse iter ulli per Provinciam dare; et, si vim facere conentur, prohibiturum ostendit."

Class II. Ca.

1. (a) Give the Ablative Singular and Plural, and Genitive Plural of-Regnum melius.

Felix magister. (b) And the nominative and genitive singular, and genitive Plural of "The swift_arrow."

"": The

red head."

2. Give the Gender, Dative Singular, Genitive Plural, and English of-finis, res, acus, vis, culter, ficus,

poeta, porta, portus, nix, nox, ars, artus.

3. Write down six nouns used in the Plural only, with their English.

4. Give the rules for forming the comparison of adjectives, with an example in every instance.

5. Put into Latin words-33, DCC, "Six each." "I am the nineteenth."

6. Give the Accusative and Genitive, Singular, Neuter, and English of―hic, is, iste, idem, ille, ipse. 7. Write in full with the English-

(i) Imperfect Subjunctive Passive of amo.

(ii) Future Infinitive Passive of moneo. (iii) Perfect Subjunctive Active of rego. (iv) Future Simple Active of audio.

8. Put into Latin-

(i) My son, the trees in our garden have much fruit.

(ii) The eneny's camp was surrounded by our forces.

(iii) Let us imitate the wise and good, for no one can be happy without virtue.

9. Put into English-

(i) Unus ex philosophis haec docuerat.

(ii) Natura atque opere urbs munita est, Cæsar igitur in Galliam profectus, ea aestate

copias flumen transduxit.

(iii) Multi flores in campis vere jucundo videntur, et poma mitia auctumno in arboribus

pendent.

GEOGRAPHY.

Class I.

1. Draw a map of South America, inserting the chief bays, capes, rivers, and mountains, with the

divisions into countries, and not more than two towns in each country;

Draw a map of Europe, and insert the political divisions, with the chief town of each.

2. Write a short history of Gibraltar, and point out the special value to England of-

Malta, and Hongkong.

3. Mention the rivers which flow into the Baltic, the Black Sea, and the Bay of Bengal. 4. Where and what are the following:-

Tierra del Fuego. Madagascar. Damascus. Acre.

Agra.

Athos.

Alaska.

Rosetta.

5. Give the meaning of axis, zenith, meridian, longitude.

6. What do you know as to the formation of coral islands?

7. What circumstances determine the velocity of current in a river?

Marsala.

Yeddo.

Calabria.

Cadiz.

Class II.

1. Draw a map of England inserting only the following names :-

The Wash. Land's End.

I. of Wight. Whitehaven.

Cotswold Hills. Newcastle-on-Tyne. Colchester.

Derby.

2. Name 5 counties South of the Thames, and give the county town of each.

Ouse R. Liverpool. Sheffield. Shrewsbury.

3. In what counties are the following places and what do you know about each place:

www

Hastings.

Stratford-on-Avon. Kunnymede.

Salisbury.

Evesham. Marston Moor.

4. In what districts of England is the woollen manufacture carried on? In what districts are the hop

gardens? Where are the chief potteries?

5. State precisely where are the following:-

Snowdon. The Peak. Wrekin.

6. What rivers run into the Humber?

Plinlimmon.

Ingleborough.

The Chiltern Hills.

Class III.

1. Draw a map of Holland and Belgium interesting only the following places

Texel.

Rhine.

Mons.

Antwerp.

Ostend. Waterloo.

Zutphen. Schelde R.

Luxemburg. Fontenoy. Leyden. The Hague.

2. Write down the boundaries, chief rivers, and five important towns of any two of the following

countries:-

Germany.

Austria.

Hungary.

3. Where are the following places and what are the chief exports from each?

Spain.

Lyons. Innsbrück. Barcelona.

Odessa. Copenhagen. Christiansand. Genoa.

Astrakhan.

Cologne. Mechlin. Adrianople.

Cadiz.

4. Trace the course of a ship from Venice to London, and mention the capes it would pass on the

voyage.

5. Mention any differences you know of between the form of Government in Russia and the form of

Government in France.

6. Name the colonial possessions of Denmark.

Class IV.

1. What are the divisions of the Chinese Empire?

2. Give a list of the sea-board provinces of China with their capitals.

3. Describe the largest province of China Proper with special reference to situation, population, and

products.

4. Trace the course of the Yangtsz. Mention some of its tributary streams.

5. What and where are-

Chusan. Newchwang. Chingtoo.

Si-ngan. Tai-wan.

Soochow.

Pescadores. Pei-ho.

Woosung.

6. State briefly the situation, the direction, and extent of two mountain ranges in China. Give the

names of two large lakes, which discharge part of their waters into the Yangtsz.

Class V.

1. Explain the terins-pole, delta, isthmus, archipelago, watershed.

2. Mention some countries on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea, and mention also the capitals of

these countries.

3. Describe the boundaries of Austria.

4. Where are the following islands? To which country does each belong?

Java.

Malta.

5. What and where are the following?

Cuba.

Jamaica.

Cape Horn. Hainan.

Euphrates. Pyrenees.

Minorca.

Madeira.

St. Vincent.

Tanganyika.

Elbe. Winnipeg.

6. Name the principal Bays, and Gulfs, of the Indian Ocean.

Babel-mandeb. Cyprus. Nile. Good Hope.

;

Class VI.

1. How do we know that the earth is round? Why does the earth appear flat to us?

2. What is an ocean, a sea, a gulf, a roadstead, a channel, a creek, an estuary?

3. What is the difference between an island and a peninsula? How can a peninsula become an

island?

4. Define a river basin, and tell how rivers are formed. Explain what is meant by banks, sources,

and bed of a river.

5. Give the names of three well known capes, three mountains, and one volcano.

HISTORY.

Class I A.B.C.

(Six questions to be done, among which must be those marked.*)

1. Explain-Benevolences, Extinction of Villenage, Tudor Dynasty, Heretics, Bill of Attainder,

Impeachment, a monarchy, taxes, a protector, an usurper, Habeas Corpus.

* 2. Who were The Lollards, The Lords Ordainers, Wycliffe, Wat Tyler, Joan of Arc, Empson,

The Woodvilles, John Knox, Lady Jane Grey, Sir Walter Raleigh, Somerset?

3. Trace briefly the course of the Reformation in England, naming the chief individuals concerned,

the measures passed, and the state of public feeling.

4. What was Edward I.'s claim to the throne of Scotland? and how did he enforce it?

5. Trace the progress of the French wars in the reigns of Edward III. and Henry V., naming, and

describing, if you can, the principal battles.

6. Which do you think had the better right to the throne, Lancaster or York? And why? Give a

list of the chief battles during the Wars of the Roses, saying by which side each was won. 7. Write a short character of either (i) Richard III., or (ii) Wolsey.

8. Who were the great foreign rivals of Henry VIII. ? and how did he come in contact with each of

them ?

9. Write a short account of Mary Queen of Scots.

Class II. A.B.

(Six questions to be done, among which must be those marked.*)

* 1. In what reigns were the following persons or events?-John Knox, Archbishop Laud, Buck- ingham, Thomas Cromwell, Hampden, Cranmer, Colonel Pride, The Field of the Cloth of Gold, Lady Jane Grey, Blake, Duke of Monmouth, Lord Strafford, Wolsey, Flodden, The Gunpowder Plot, Sir Walter Raleigh, Marlborough, Milton, Battle of Spurs, John Bunyan, Judge Jeffreys.

* 2. Explain-A monarchy, an usurper, a protector, a commonwealth, Benevolences, Dauphin, Papal

Supremacy, Act of Conformity, Shipmoney, Habeas Corpus.

3. Do you consider the execution of Charles I. just, or unjust? Give your reasons in full.

4. Write a short character of either (i) Elizabeth, or (ii) James I.

5. What was the cause and the result of the Spanish Armada? Name several of the leaders. 6. Why did James II. lose his crown?

7. What do we mean by the Reformation?

8. Write a list of the sovereigns in your period, giving the dates of accession and death; and the

relationship of each to the immediate predecessor and successor.

Classes II. C & III. A.B.

(Five questions to be done, among which must be those marked.*)

* 1. What is the meaning of ?-Feudal system, Monarchy, Anarchy, House of Anjou, Civil War, an usurper, Crusades, a pretender, intrigues, Prince of Wales, Constitution, Provisions.

2. Who were--John Balliol, Becket, Wallace, Simon de Montfort, Perkin Warbeck, Cœur de Lion Earl of Warwick, Wycliffe, Wat Tyler, Prince Arthur, The Black Prince, Queen Maud, Sir Walter Tyrrel, Beauclerc, Longshanks, Joan of Arc?

3. In what reigns were the following?-Barons War, Battle of Bosworth, Crecy, Agincourt, Magna

Charta, Bannockburn, Poitiers, Domesday Book.

4. Write a short character of Richard I. or Henry V,

5. Give in their order the principal battles in the Wars of the Roses, and say by which side they

were won.

6. What right had Edward I. to the throne of Scotland; and how did he enforce it?

7. What right. to the throne of England had-William I., William II., Henry II., Edward IV.,

Henry IV., Richard III?

DICTATION AND TRANSLATION INTO CHINESE.

Class I.

It is noble to seek truth, and it is beautiful to find it. It is the ancient feeling of the human heart, that knowledge is better than riches; and it is deeply and sacredly true.

To mark the course of human passions as they have flowed on in the ages that are past; to see why nations have risen, and why they have fallen; to speak of light, and heat, and the winds; to know what man has discovered in the heavens above and in the earth beneath; to hear the chemist unfold the marvellous properties which the Creator has locked up in a speck of earth ;-it is worth while in the days of our youth to strive hard for this great discipline.

A life of knowledge is not often a life of injury and crime. Whom does such a man oppress? With whose happiness does he interfere? In the pursuit of science he injures no man, and in the acquisition he does good to all.

Class II. A.

It is evidently the continent most thickly covered with cities and towns; and with high-roads, canals, and railways, weaving the towns into a living and ever-busy net-work. There civilisation has struck its roots deepest, and stretched its branches widest. There the arts and sciences have reached their highest development. There the great mechanical inventions which have knit the world into one vast inter-dependent society have had their birth; and commerce, manufactures, and agriculture have been brought to the greatest perfection. Europe has laid the whole world under contribution for the supply of her physical wants. In return the whole world has been laid under obligation to her for not less real benefits.

Class II. B.

It is so with all the crafts, and they are inseparably dependent one on another. The mason waits on the carpenter for his mallet, and the carpenter on the smith for his saw; the smith on the smelter for his iron, and the smelter on the miner for his ore. Each, moreover, needs the help of all the others--the carpenter the smith, as much as the smith the carpenter; and both the mason, as much as the mason both. This helplessness of the single craftsman is altogether peculiar to the human artist. Amongst the lower animals it is not seen; and they have never heard of such a doctrine as that of the division of labour.

DICTATION.

Class II. C.

Shot is made by pouring melted lead through a colander, from a great height, into water beneath. In the descent, the shot becomes globular, from the same cause that drops of rain assume that form in falling. In various manufacturing towns shot of all sizes is made on a large scale, more or less as follows. High towers, which the workmen can ascend, are hollow, so that from the top molten lead may be made to fall as a shower into water beneath. The opposition of the air causes the roundness, and the coldness of the water does the hardening at once.

DICTATION AND TRANSLATION INTO CHINESE.

Class III A.

(Translate the first part only. End with the words "length of time."

At low water the sand becomes firm, and may be walked on in safety; but as the tide rises the water saturates the mass of sand and transforms it into a pulp of the consistency of mud. It is when in this state that the Sands are most dangerous; not only because ships that then strike on them gradually sink into the ooze, but also because then the sand shifts from place to place, so as to render charts useless for any length of time.

Three lightships are placed to warn sailors of their approach to this dangerous shoal; one at the northern extremity, one at the southern extremity, and one ou a point about the middle of the western side.

Class III. B.

(Translate the first part only. End with the words "of the law.")

The Charter, creased with age and injured by fire, but with John's seal hanging to it, is still to be seen.

When it is looked into, it seems to do very little. It bound the king not to demand money from his people without the consent of the great vassals and of the burghers of the cities; it required that no one should be made an officer of justice unless he had a knowledge of the law, and that the chief court of justice should not move about with the king, but be always in one place.

Nor was the king to sell, refuse, or delay justice to any man, nor to seize the person or goods of any freeman without the lawful judgment of his peers,-i.e., equals—according to the law of the land.

Class IV. A.

(Translate the first part only. End with the words "front ranks.”)

Sometimes the people turn out of the village which the locusts are approaching, and attempt to stem the torrent. They dig trenches, they kindle fires, they attack them with branches of trees, they sweep them back with brushes; but all to no purpose. The trenches become filled with living locusts, the fires are smothered with dead ones, and the vast column moves on in complete ignorance of the fate of the front ranks.

As for attempting to brush away this terrible enemy one might as well expect to sweep back the flowing tide with a broom. Even the direction of the march cannot be changed. A common instinct seems to carry them right onward. They pursue their line of march with the regularity of a dis- ciplined army.

Class IV. B.C.

(Translate the first part only. End with the word “fatigue.”)

The wise Romans made excellent roads, extending through all parts of their empire; and some of them can yet be traced in English, running along as straight as an arrow. One of these is Watling Street, so often mentioned in history. After the fall of the Roman Empire their roads were neglected, and they fell into decay, and the traveller could hardly proceed without great danger, or, at least, without great fatigue.

All at once your horse plunged into a marsli, or you came to a river, and the bridge was broken down; and when you tried to ford the stream, your horse might get out of his depth, and then he and his rider would be nearly drowned.

Class V. A.

(Translate the first part only.

End with the words “her cottage window.”)

There was once a poor old widow, who, finding it hard work to get her living at home, thought she would like to go to the gold-diggings in Australia. So she crossed the sea to that far-off country. The only treasures she possessed she took with her. One of these was a pet skylark, which had been used to live in a small wicker cage, outside her cottage window.

When she got to Australia, she hired a hut, and got her living by washing the gold-diggers' clothes and cooking their dinners. Day after day, the lark sang his happy song beside her door. She listened and it cheered her at her work. Some of the gold-diggers listened too.

Class V. B.

(Translate the first part only. End with the word "free.")

Down sank the shark in the clear water and swam right below the ship. Turning on its back, it opened wide its jaws and swallowed both bait and hook. A strong pull at the rope by the sailors fastened the hook deep in the shark's body. At once the creature struggled desperately to get free.

But the rope was strong, and the men held fast and pulled with a will. The shark was caught at last and killed. Then once more the ship spread her sails to the breeze and bounded on her way This method of catching the shark is often practised on board ships sailing in the

across the sea.

Tropics.

say

(Translate the first part only.

Class VI. A.

End with the words "remained without the latch.")

The farmer's wife was always telling him that he ought to get the latch mended; but he used to that it would cost six-pence, and that it was not worth while. He said that the children might as well be driving the sheep and poultry in and out of the yard and the field as be doing nothing. So the gate remained without the latch.

One day a fat pig got out of its sty, and, pushing open the gate, ran into the field, and thence wandered into a thick wood. The pig was soon missed.

Class VI. B.

(Translate the first part only. End with the word “straw.”)

The fly has no jaws or teeth with which to chew its food, but it has something which does quite as well. Its lips are made into a fine tube, and it sucks up its food, just as we have often sucked up water through a straw.

I am sure you must often have wondered how a fly can walk up the walls of a room or along the ceiling. On its feet it has a great number of small hairs which have the power of sticking to the wall, and thus it can hang, back downwards, quite easily.

Class VI. C.

(Translate the first part only. End with the words "give him some.")

A poor woman, in one of the cities of India, had a stall in the market-place, where she sold fruit. An elephant used to go by, and always stopped to look at her stall. She knew how fond the elephant was of fruit; and she used, now and then, to give him some. One day the elephant fell into a passion with his keeper. market, trampling down everything before him.

He broke loose, and ran through the

Class VII. A.

(Translate the first part only.

End with the words “pick up.")

One day the window was open, and the bird flew out. Its master thought it was lost; but it soon came back. After that, it was allowed to fly in and out as it pleased. It always took care to be in at meal times, when there were crumbs for it to pick up.

Summer and winter passed away, and still the bird never tried to leave its master. It might be out for hours, but it always came back.

Class VII. B.

(Translate the first part only.

End with the words "lays its eggs.") water the swan builds its nest.

It is made of dry

Among the bushes and high grass near the

sticks or rushes and is placed on the ground. Here the swan lays its eggs.

As soon as the young ones are hatched, away the little creatures run to the water! They need no school and no teaching, for God has made them so that they can swim at once.

Class VIII. A.

(Translate the first part only. End with the word "hive.”)

The bees are at work. They have been up a long time. Make haste, that we may go and watch them near the hive. It is good for you and for me to rise with the sun, and the birds, and the bees. Now, kneel down, and thank God that He has kept you all through the night. Ask him to bless you, and keep you safe all day long.

Class VIII. B.C.

(Translate the first part only.

End with the words "one, two, three."

This is the tree where the bird has its nest. Let us look in it now. Here it is. I can see three young ones in it-one, two, three. How soft and warm they are! We may look at them, but we must not take them out.

SHAKSPEARE.-HENRY V. Class I.

1. What is Shakspeare's authority for the historical events of this play?

2. State briefly, in your own words, the argument of the Archbishop of Canterbury in support of

Henry's claim to the French throne. Add your opinion as to its validity.

3. Explain the allusions in the following passages : ----

Within this wooden (). Assume the port of Mars.

The Gordian knot of it he will unloose.

I am not Barbason, you cannot conjure me.

That can be with a nimble galliard won.

Figo for thy friendship.

4. State the meaning of--

scambling, lazars, crescive, gloze, intendment, miscreate.

And the sense in this play of

executors, marches, exhale, tike, noble.

5. Who were Nym, Bardolph, Bates? What do you know about Falstaff from other plays of Shaks-

peare ?

6. Henry V. has been called "Conqueror of others and of himself." Illustrate this saying by one or

more apt quotations from the play.

By an estimate, in your own words, of the King's character.

GENERAL INFORMATION.

Answer briefly, writing not more than four lines on each question.

1. What is Constitutional History?

2. Who wrote The Pickwick Papers, The Waverley Novels, Hamlet, The Odyssey? 3. What is the Encyclopædia Britannica?

4. What are the Public Newspapers in Hongkong, and by whom are they edited? 5. What do you understand by "Western Civilisation"?

6. Whence is the Hongkong Regiment recruited ?

7. What is "Municipal Government”?

8. What do you mean by "Phonetic Spelling"?

9. Of what different nationalities are the Policemen in Hongkong?

10. What do you understand by Plaintiff and Defendant ?

11. What is Thunder? and what is a Rainbow?

12. How could you tell the time of day without a watch or clock?

13. How could the water supply of Hongkong he increased?.

14. What is the latitude of Hongkong, and of the South Pole?

15. A certain relationship exists between the three numbers in each of the following groups 3, 4, 5

and 5, 12, 13. What is it? Write down another similar group. ·.

16. Who is the "Hero of a hundred centuries”?

PUPIL TEACHERS.

1. What do you understand by (a) The History of Education; (b) Elementary Schools? 2. In what particulars does the English system of education differ from the Chinese?

3. What is Discipline? Upon what does it chiefly depend?

4. Give materials for a lesson (2 of an hour) in Geography, choosing your own subject, and specifying

whether the lesson is first, elementary or otherwise.

5. Write a short essay (not more than one page) upon-

either "Teaching embraces both culture and instruction."

оро

"All education must be first moral, secondly intellectual."

or "The teaching of words and things must go together hand in hand."

6. What useful hints have you received, or observed, for yourself, to improve your lessons in (a) Read-

ing, and (b) Arithmetic?

7. What do you mean by "Explanation Lessons" as given in Queen's College?

8. What are the principal means of gaining and holding the attention of a class?

9. What are your chief difficulties in teaching?

COMPOSITION, Class I.

You are asked to write on one subject only.)

1. Write an account of the Sports and Pastimes (Chinese and non-Chinese) to be seen in Hongkong.

2. Describe the Peak Tramway.

3. Write an Essay on the Benefits of Foreign Trade.

Class II.

The Smith that made a Hiss.

There was once upon a time a poor bungling man who called himself a smith, but who know nothing of his craft. He took a good piece of iron and set to work to make a horse-shoe. He made the iron red-hot, and he hammered and hammered away, all to no purpose. It would not turn into a shoe! So he changed his mind and said-"Oh, never mind! It will make a very good nail." He put it into the fire again and made it red-hot. And again he hammered away, but it would not turn into a nail! "Well, never mind!" said he, "if it won't make a nail it will make a very good hiss!" So again he put it into the fire, and when it was red-hot he plunged it into a vessel of water where it made a loud hiss! And this was all he had been able to do after several hours hard work!

We must learn to work definitely, with a purpose, and without waste, either of power or material.

Class III.

The Painter and his Picture.

One day when Sir James Thornhill was painting the inside of the dome of St. Paul's Cathedral, he paused in his work and stepped back to the edge of the platform to look at what he had done. Intent upon his work, he had completely forgotten where he was, and in another moment would have fallen backwards from the platform and been dashed to pieces on the pavement below. But a friend who was with him, perceiving his danger, caught up a brush, and, filling it with colour, made a large blotch upon the picture. The artist sprang forward to protect his work, and his life was saved, though at the expense of his picture.

It is well for us that some of our plans are overthrown and spoiled. and mercy in thwarting human designs.

God often shows His wisdom

Class IV.

The Dispute on the Shadow of the Ass.

A traveller once journeyed, riding on a hired ass, along a road exposed to the full heat of a burn- ing sun. Not finding so much as a bush under which to take shelter, the thought struck him that it would not be a bad plan to dismount and seat himself in the shadow of the ass. The owner of the donkey, who had accompanied him, objected to this arrangement, declaring that when he hired out the animal to him the shadow was not included in the bargain. A fierce dispute arose between the owner of the ass and its rider, and at last from words they came to blows which finally resulted in an action at law.

It is a mistake to dispute about trifles. Quarrels about little things may lead to serious conse-

quences.

Class V.

The Arab and the Camel.

Once a camel came to the door of a tent and thrust in his nose.

Not being resisted he thrust in his feet. There being no hindrance he came half way in. After a while he got all the way in.

Then the Arab said to the camel-" This tent is too small for two." "If so, you had better leave."

Said the camel to the Arab-

TRIGONOMETRY.

1. Shew that the sum of the numbers of degrees and grades contained in any angle is equal to 19

times their difference.

2. Explain the meaning of sind; and prove that sin {(2n-1) π + A} -sin 4.

3. While sailing west I observe two lights north of me: after sailing two miles their bearings are

60° and 30°, respectively, with my course.

How far are they apart?

4. Prove geometrically, or otherwise, that—

(a) cos (A--B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B.

(B) tan (A+B)

tan Atan B 1-tan A tan B

(y) sin A + sin B

2 sin

A+ B

COS

A-B

5. Find expressions for the sine and cosine of 34 in terms of the sines and cosines of A.

6. Determine cos in terms of sinA, when A lies between 270° and 450°.

7. Prove that-

(a) cos 4A 8 cos1 4

(B) (cot A + tan 2A)'

8 cos2 A + 1.

cot2 A (1 + tan2 2A).

(y) sin (y-ẞ) sin (8-a) + sin (a-y) sin (8-ß) + sin (ß-a) sin (8—y) = 0.

8. Solve, giving the solution in general terms,

sin x + cos x

√2.

α.

9. Explain what is meant by 4 = sin-1

and prove

that sin-1 + cot-1 3

√5

10. In any triangle prove that-

(a) sin A + sin B + sin C = 4 cos coscos

(b) sin 4 sin B: sin C:: a:b: c.

11. Express the cosine of an angle of a triangle in terms of the sides.

Find the radius of the circle inscribed in a triangle in terms of the sides and area of the triangle.

12. Show how to solve a triangle, having given two sides and the included angle.

Find A and B when a 21, b = 11, C 34° 42′ 30′′; having given log 223010300, L tan

72° 38′ 45′′ = 10-5051500.

HONGKONG.

THE EDUCATIONAL REPORT FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

369

No. 23

EDUCATION DEPARTMENT,

HONGKONG, 21st May, 1896.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward to you the Annual Report on Education for the year 1895.

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2. GENERAL EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS.-The total number of Educational Institutions of all descriptions known to have been at work in the Colony of Hongkong during the year 1895 amounts to 236 Schools with an enrolment of 10,721 scholars. Three-fourths of these, viz., 8,156 scholars attended 123 Schools under Government, the remaining one-fourth, viz., 2,720 scholars, attended 113 Schools entirely independent of Government. As to the Schools under Government, the vast majority, viz., 106 Schools with 5,684 scholars are Voluntary Schools aided and supervised by Govern- ment under the Grant-in-Aid Code, whilst the remainder, viz., 17 Schools with 2,472 scholars, are Government. Schools established and maintained by the Government. Ainong the remaining Schools there are 107 Kai-fong Schools with 2,200 scholars, established and maintained by the Chinese com- munity without reference to, or aid from, the Government, and 6 private Schools under European management and equally independent of Government.

3. DECENNIAL STATISTICS OF SCHOOLS UNDER THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT.—The total number of Schools subject to supervision and examination on the part of the Education Department (exclusive of Queen's College and Police School) amounted in the year 1895 to 121 Schools as compared with 90 Schools in the year 1885 and 39 Schools in the year 1875. The total number of scholars enrolled in this same class of Schools during the year 1895 amounted to 6,792 scholars as compared with 5,833 scholars in the year 1885 and 2,606 scholars in the year 1875. During the decade from 1875 to 1885, there was an increase of 51 Schools with 3,227 scholars, but during the last decade (1885 to 1895) the increase amounted only to 31 Schools with 957 scholars.

4. TRIENNIAL STATISTICS OF SCHOOLS UNDER THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT.-In the year 1893 there were (exclusive of Queen's College and Police School) 125 Schools with 7,594 scholars under the supervision of the Department. In the year 1894 (the year of the plague) the number was reduced to 118 Schools with 7,246 scholars, and in 1895 the number of scholars was still further reduced to 6,792 scholars in 121 Schools. The sole cause of this decline is a continued exodus of Chinese families, caused first by fear of the plague and subsequently through reluctance to submit to the house to house visitations of European sanitary officers.

5. COMPARATIVE STATISTICS OF GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS AND GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS UNDER THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT.-The above mentioned 121 Schools (with 6,792 scholars), under the super- vision of the Education Department during the year 1895, may be roughly divided into 15 Govern- ment Schools (wholly maintained and controlled by the Government) with 1,108 scholars, and 106 Mission Schools (subsidized by the Government on the basis of the Grant-in-Aid Code) with 5,684 scholars. The Government Schools, while abstaining from religious teaching in the Christian sense of the word, provide (in the case of Chinese Schools) the moral-religious teaching of Confucianism because it is inseparable from the teaching of the Chinese classical language; and (in the case of Anglo-Chinese Schools) add English teaching such as is given in Board Schools in England. The Mission Schools, whilst giving a religious and distinctly Christian education, are inspected and examined by the Government and receive annual grants, without any reference to specifically religious teaching, simply on the basis of the detailed results exhibited by the examination of every individual scholar in the subjects required under the respective standards fixed by the Code of Regulations for Educational Grants-in-Aid. Strictly speaking, therefore, none of the Schools under the supervision of the Government are absolutely secular Schools, though the Government Schools may be said to be non-Christian Schools, nor does the Government make any payment or give any grant directly in support of religious teaching. The Hongkong Code has neither a secular nor a religious bearing, but, as it only fixes the subjects for examination and leaves the choice of books and selection of teachers and methods of teaching absolutely unfettered, and as the Government is prepared to subsidize Schools (which fulfil the conditions of the Code) established by the adherents of any religion whatsoever represented in the Colony, the Code has, since the year 1879, when its exclusively secular provisions were abolished, satisfactorily reconciled all the conflicting educational and religious interests of a com- munity which represents a greater variety of nationalities and religions than any other part of Her Majesty's possessions.

370

6. ÅTTENDANCE IN SCHOOLS UNDER THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT.-In my report for 189. I referred to the havoc wrought in that year by the outbreak of the plague and I shewed how greatly the attendance was reduced in those Schools which maintained their existence throughout that terrible ordeal. Throughout the greater part of the year 1895 the attendance continued to inake rapid strides towards recovering its previous position, indicating a return of the families which had fled from the Colony in 1894, but in the fall of the year 1895 a wide-spread epidemic of fever impaired the attendance once more very considerably for several months. The minimum daily attendance equalled in 1893 fully 64.92 per cent. of the maximum daily attendance. In 1894 it fell, owing to the plague, to 38.80 per cent. and in 1895 it rose again to

60.77 per cent. So also the average daily attendance, which in 1893 equalled 78.19 per cent. of the enrolment and which fell in 1894 to 61.41 per cent.. rose again in 1895 to 76.95 per cent. These figures clearly show that the exodus of families, caused by the plague in 1894, was in the year 1895 nearly, but not fully, made good by a return of the fugitives.

•

7. Local DistriBUTION OF SCHOOLS IN GENERAL.-Taking the distinction of secular and religious teaching in the modified sense which it has locally obtained, it may be noted that there were, in the year 1895, altogether 6.180 scholars receiving in 111 Schools a Christian religious education and❤❤ 4,696 scholars in 125 Schools under quasi-secular instruction. The subjoined table, indicating the number of secular and religious Schools provided for each district, shows that, with the only exception of the sparsely inhabited extreme west end of the City (Kennedy Town and Shek-tong-tsui), which at present is furnished with religious Schools only, all the other districts in town and villages are equitably supplied with both kinds of Schools. Kowloon Peninsula has now ample and satisfactory school accommodation. The only part of the Colony which is still left unsupplied is the Peak settlement, as the attempt made in the preceding year (1894) to open a private School there has failed. If the Government would provide a piece of ground or, better still, ground and a building, there would be little difficulty in establishing a Peak School on the model of the British Kowloon College.

Table shewing the local distribution of Secular and Religious Schools in the year 1895.

Districts

exclusive of the Peak Settlement.

I. & II. Kennedy Town and Shek-

tongtsui,

III. Saiyingpun,

IV. & V. Taipingshan & Sheung-

W811,

VI. Chungwan,....

Govern-

Kaifong.

Grant- in-

ment.

Aid.

Private. Private.

Grand

Total.

Secular Schools.

Scholars.

Secular Schools.

Scholars.

Rel. Schools.

Scholars.

Secular Schools.

Scholars.

Rel. Schools.

Scholars.

Secular Schools.

Scholars.

Rel. Schools.

Scholars.

Schools.

Scholars.

of all

Descriptions.

Schools

...

:࿉

7 224

167 13 250 14 797

28 539 10] 543

41,744 27| 555| 35|2,440|

2 220 12 280 11 548

VII. & VIII. Hawan & Wantsai,.

IX. & X. Bowrington & Sookon-

pou,

62 2 40 3

125

XI. Villages of Hongkong,........

XII. Villages of British Kowloon,.

222 11 218 10 374

57 14 318] 16| 633

:..

2122232

276

15 417

797

1,214

29 563 10 543

39 1,106

2246

31 2,299

37 2,686 68 4,985

2 198 14 500 13

746

27 1,246

102

3 125

6 227

440

374

28 814

375

16 633 31 1,008

Totals,......

17 2,472 107 2,200|106|5,684 1 24 5 496 125 4,696111 6,180 |236 10,876

S. EDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURE OF THE GOVERNMENT.-The sum total of disbursements made by the Government for educational purposes during the year 1895 ($73,775.24 as compared with $79,268.14) amounted, after deducting school-fees and educational refunds paid into the Treasury ($13,635.00 as compared with $11,896.19 in 1894) to $60,140.24, as compared with $67,371.95 in 1894. This decrease in nett expenditure is entirely due to the effects which the outbreak of plague (in 1894) had in reducing the earnings (paid in 1895) of the Grant-in-Aid Schools. The details of educational expenditure incurred in the year 1895 are as follows:-Office of Education Department

371

(including rent of office) $6,011.13; Queen's College (after deducting School fees and refunds) $21,665.92; Belilios Public School (after deducting school-fees) $2,787.59; fifteen other Departmental Schools $5,433.34; 106 Grant-in-Aid Schools $20,388.75; Physical Training $192.00; Government Scholarships, $2,867.80. The nett cost of education ($60,140.24) amounted in 1895 to 2.37 per cent. of the total Colonial Revenue (as compared with 2.07 per cent. in 1894, and 3.22 per cent. in 1893). As the total number of scholars under instruction in the Colony, during the year 1895, at the expense or with the aid of the Government (Police School excepted) was 7,816, the education of each scholar cost the Government $7.69, as compared with $7.66 in 1894 and $7.75 in 1893. In the several classes of educational institutions in the Colony, the cost to Government of the education of each scholar under instruction was as follows:-in Queen's College, $27.88; in Belilios Public School, $19.09; in the Departmental Schools, $5.64; in the Grant-in-Aid Schools $3.60. The Managers of those 106 Grant-in-Aid Schools who received from the Government in 1895, as Grants-in-Aid based on the definite results ascertained by the individual examination of each scholar (in the previous year), the sum of $20,388.75, expended during the year 1895 on those Schools, out of the resources of their respective Societies, supplemented in the case of seven Schools by school-fees, the sum of $56,213.04.

9. NATURE OF THE EDUCATION GIVEN IN THE SCHOOLS OF THE COLONY.-The vast majority of the residents of this Colony being Chinese, and having neither domestically nor commercially any use or demand for any but a Chinese education, the nature of the education given in the majority of local Schools is largely confined to the teaching of the Chinese classical language. This sort of teaching has considerable educative value, firstly, because it uses for its medium a dead language, as remote from Chinese vernaculars as Greek or Latin is from English, secondly because the Chinese classics are powerful exponents of that which takes, in the case of a Chinaman, the place of religion (as well as of a comparatively pure code of ethics), and thirdly because Chinese teachers sincerely believe in, and are instinct with, the spirit of their classics. This system of teaching, which by itself (as in the case of the Kaifong Schools) limits the mental and moral vision to the horizon which confined the mind of Confucius twenty-four centuries ago, cramps the intellect, stunts the growth of moral feeling and bends the will into antagonism to everything non-Chinese, is, in the case of our 106 Grant-in-Aid Schools, happily balanced by the teaching of Christianity and by the spirit of modern civilisation. Thus it is that even those Grant-in-Aid Schools which confine their operations to giving a classical (but Christian) Chinese education in the Chinese language only, are nevertheless administering a powerful and healthy educational stimulus. As to those local Schools (Grant-in-Aid Schools and Government Schools) which give a European education in the English language (or in Portuguese), it may be observed that their organisation, books, methods and European trained teachers are indeed admirably adapted to the religious and moral idiosyncrasies of children of European and Indian descent in this Colony, but that they have neither books, nor methods, nor organisation suitable for the mass of the Chinese children of this Colony. This defect is strongly felt by the Chinese population, and restrains the growth of a popular demand for an English education on the part of Chinese residents. Not until this defect is remedied will there be any possibility of ac- complishing the desire which at present animates the Government, viz., to promote English rather than Chinese education among the native population of Hongkong. During the year 1895, two thirds of our local Schools gave a Chinese education and one third a European education.

10. FEMALE EDUCATION.-Leaving the Police School with 340 scholars (men) out of considera- tion, but including Queen's College with its 1,024 scholars, the relative numbers of boys and girls under instruction in the Colony are found to have stood, in the year 1895, as under:-Government Schools 1,752 boys and 380 girls; Grant-in-Aid Schools, 3,091 boys and 2,593 girls; Kaifong Schools, 2,170 boys and 30 girls; Private Schools, 67 boys and 453 girls. (In other words, among the whole number of scholars under instruction in the Schools of the Colony in the year 1895, the girls numbered only 32.80 per cent., as compared with 32.49 in the plague year 1894, and 37.90 per cent. in the year 1893.

The only Schools in the Colony, attracting a fair proportion of girls, are the Grant-in-Aid Schools, in which the number of girls under instruction during the year 1895, amounted to 45.61 per cent.) That this is a very nearly normal proportion, may be inferred from the fact that, when the last Census was taken (in 1891), there were, among 29,899 children of school-going age in the Colony, 14,151 girls or 47.32 per cent.

11. NUMBER OF UNEDUCATED CHILDREN IN THE COLONY.-It is impossible, until the next Census is taken, to guage correctly the number of uneducated children in the Colony, as the official estimate of the population with regard to the year 1895 (244,930 people) makes insufficient or no allowance for the untold numbers of women and children who fled from the plague in 1894. There are no data to determine the proportion of fugitives who returned to the Colony in the year 1895. Certain it is that the Schools of the Colony suffered severely in consequence of an extraordinary retrogression of the population. Taking, however, the published estimate of the population, such as it is, for a basis, Table XIII., appended to this Report, indicates that as many as 22,038 children of school-going age (6 to 16 years failed to attend school in the year 1895, viz., 10,076 boys and 11,962 girls. But as it is certain that a considerable number (say one half) of these boys and girls 6 to 16 years of age, though indeed not attending any School in 1895, owing to their having left school without going

372

through the full ten years course, had previously been under instruction for some 3 or 4 years, all that can be said is, that the official returns, such as they are, indicate that some 10,076 boys and 11,962 girls remained imperfectly educated and that probably half of this number escaped the educa- tion net altogether and may be put down as remaining uneducated.

12. RESULTS OF THE ANNUAL EXAMINATION.-The work done by Queen's College in the year 1895 has been examined and reported upon (Government Gazette of 15th February, 1896,) by independent special examiners appointed by the Board of Governors. As regards the Depart- mental Schools, Tables II. to VII., appended to this Report, supply the most important particulars. The detailed results of the annual examination of the Grant-in-Aid Schools will be found summarized in Tables X. and XI., where the grants allowed, and the percentage of scholars passed in each School, in 1895, are stated and compared with the results of the preceding year, and in Table XII. which records the percentage of passes gained in each subject. I subjoin, however, some special observations with regard to some of these Schools.

13. BELILIOS PUBLIC SCHOOL-The annual examination of this Institution shewed highly satisfactory results. The staff of both divisions (Upper and Lower School) has been considerably increased and the school materials have been improved by the addition of special helps for object lessons. These improvements have been effected without exceeding the limits of expenditure fixed when retrenchment was aimed at to the verge of efficiency. In the Upper (European) School the (attendance has steadily increased, indicating the growing popularity of this Institution, and the lessons given (in addition to the ordinary English subjects) in singing, instrumental music and physical drill are much appreciated by the parents of the children. It is only to be regretted that Chinese parents who send their sons to English Schools have not yet woke up to the recoguition of the bearing which an English education has upon the true interests of their daughters.

14. DEPARTMENTAL DISTRICT SCHOOLS.-The number of these Governinent Schools has been con- siderably reduced within the last few years with a view to retrenchment. There are, in the first instance, 5 Anglo-Chinese Departmental Schools left, giving to the Chinese residing in the outskirts of the town (Saiyingpun and Wantsai) and in the principal villages (Wongnaichung, Stanley and Yaumati) the opportunity of securing for their sons an elementary English education, coupled with Chinese classical teaching. The teachers of these Schools are natives who have had no special technical training. The examination shewed, however, fairly good results in three of these Schools. If volun- tary effort would take up the work in these places, the Government might well confine its efforts in the sphere of Anglo-Chinese education to the working of Queen's College. Besides these five Anglo- Chinese Schools, there are, in the second instance, six small Departmental Government Schools, giving a purely Chinese education, at a very low cost, in isolated villages (Tanglungchau, (Hakka), Shekou, Wongmakok, Aplichau, and Pokfulam) where there is no other School within a radius of three miles. These Schools which, with one exception, are located in cottages of the poorest sort, are doing useful work and are much appreciated by the poor people for whose benefit the Government, in the absence of private effort, maintains these Schools.

15. GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS. To replace Schools swept away by the plague, ten new Schools were started, under the provisions of the Grant-in-Aid Code, at the beginning of the year 1895. All through the year (1895) the 106 Grant-in-Aid Schools laboured (with the exception of one School) successfully to efface the injuries they had received through the plague in 1894. Unfortunately, within a few weeks before the examinations were held, the epidemic of fever, above referred to, once more thinned the attendance and seriously impaired the monetary results of the examinations. However, with an enrolment of 5,656 and an average attendance of 3,736 scholars, these Schools brought as many as 3,553 scholars under examination. The results were, in the Chinese Schools most affected by disease, below the average of former years, whilst in the Schools for European children a considerable advance was made in the matter of efficiency and earning power. The sum total earned by the 105 Schools as grants for the year 1895 ($18,187.62 paid to the Managers and $6,062.02 paid to the Teachers) was, however, not only within the limit of the amount voted by the Legislature, but left the sum of $1,007.61 to lapse into the Treasury. The Diocesan School, St. Joseph's College and the Victoria English Schools specially distinguished themselves by a considerable increase in the proportion of scholars brought under examination in the higher (secondary) subjects, and the results obtained in mathematics and in English composition gave evidence of methodical and painstaking class teaching. The British Kowloon College, after passing through serious reverses, entered in the fall of the year into regular and steady work, which yielded at the annual examination good results, such as encourage the hope that the institution will soon be able to dispense with the special help which was necessary to tide it over its initial difficulties. As to those Grant-in-Aid Schools which give a Chinese education in the Chinese language, and contribute, though much needed by the local Chinese population, com- paratively little aid towards a promotion of modern civilization, it has been recognized by the Govern. ment that, though the local Chinese Girls Schools require yet to be multiplied, the existing Chinese Boys Schools are now sufficiently numerous to answer all the claims for a purely Chinese education which the native population may justly put forth. But, whilst continuing therefore those purely Chinese Schools which have already been admitted to participation in the privileges of the Grant-in-

373

Aid Code, and even willing, in view of the backward condition of Chinese female education, to give grants to additional Chinese Girls Schools where needed, the Government is determined henceforth to seek to stimulate English rather than Chinese education. His Excellency the Governor (Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON) accordingly made an announcement in Legislative Council (25th November, 1895), which it is desirable to place here on record. "I am of opinion," His Excellency said, "that too much attention has hitherto been paid to purely Chinese subjects. With a view, therefore, of promoting a more general knowledge of English amongst the Chinese, the Government proposes in future to sub- sidize only those schools in which special attention is paid to the teaching of the English language and modern subjects. It is hoped that this will tend to educate the rising generation of Chinese to more enlightened views and ideas, and to dispel the ignorance and blind superstition, which have proved, and still are proving, such a stumbling block to the promotion of their moral and physical well- being." The following Notification (No. 497 of 26th November, 1895) published in Government Gazette of 30th November, 1895, gave effect to the foregoing weighty words of His Excellency the Governor. "With reference to clause 6 of the New Code of Regulations for Educational Grants-in-Aid dated the 19th August, 1893, and published in the Gazette by Government Notification No. 310, notice is hereby given that His Excellency the Governor in Council has been pleased to direct that, until further notice, no school for boys opened after the date of this notification shall receive any grant-in-aid, unless such school shall give a European education in the English language besides com- plying with the other requirements of the Code." It is to be hoped that Managers of Grant-in-Aid Schools will see their way to adopt, more extensively than they have hitherto done, the plan of seek- ing to elevate the Chinese people of this Colony by means of English rather than Chinese teaching.

16. OXFORD LOCAL EXAMINATIONS.--The results of the Oxford Local Examinations, held in Hongkong in July 1895, were as under:-I. Preliminary Examinations. Honour's List, Diocesan School, 1; Pass List-Victoria English School 5 passes; Queen's College, 1 pass; Diocesan School, 1 pass. Candidates who, having exceeded the limit of age, satisfied the Examiners,-Diocesan School, 2 passes; Victoria English School, I pass. Successful candidates who obtained distinction,--Queen's College, 1 (English History). Details:-candidates presented, 33; examined, 31; passed in preliminary subjects, 12; passed in religious knowledge, 22; in English History, 29; in an English Author, 20; in Geography, 21; higher arithmetic, 1; in mathematics, 11; in drawing, 14. Total of certificates issued to candidates of proper age, 9; to candidates beyond the limit of age, 3.-II. Junior Division. Honour's List, none. Pass List, Diocesan School 5 passes; Victoria English School, 4 passes; Queen's College, 1 pass; Private Tuition, I pass. Candidates who, having exceeded the age of 16 years satisfied the Examiners,-Queen's College, 2 passes; Diocesan School, 1 pass; Victoria English School, 1 pass. Details of examination results of Junior Division:-presented 37; examined, 34; passed in preliminary subjects 26; passed in religious knowledge, fully 14, partly 5; passed in English, fully 19, partly 8; passed in mathematics, 12; passed in drawing 6; Total of certificates issued to candidates of proper age, 11, and to candilates beyond the limit of age, 4.---III. Senior Division. Honour's List, none. Pass List.-Diocesan School, 3 passes; Queen's College, 2 passes; Victoria English School, 1 pass; Private Tuition, 1 pass. Candidates who, having exceeded the limit of age, satisfied the Examiners,-Private Tuition, 1 pass. Details, candidates presented, 13; examined, 11. Candidates passed, in preliminary subjects, 11; in religious knowledge, fully passed 3, partly 2; in English, fully 9, partly 1; in mathematics, 9. Total of certificates issued to candidates of proper age, 7; to candidates beyond the limit of age, 1. The foregoing results may be summarized as follows:-candidates examined, 76, certified as passed, 35, failed 41; passes obtained, by Diocesan School, 12 passes; by Victoria English School, 12 passes; by Queen's College, 6 passes; by Private Tuition, 3 passes.

17. BELILIOS MEDAL AND PRIZE EXAMINATIONS.-There have been no examinations for the Belilios Medals during this year (1895). The fund is only $3,000 and was established primarily for rewarding acts of bravery in connection with the saving of life, and only to assist in the educational progress of the Colony in the second place. The annual income is small and in previous years there have been greater demands on it than it could stand. The Trustees hope to be able next year to resume operations, but with some diminution in the money value of the prizes.

18. PHYSICAL TRAINING.-Eight of the local Schools continue the physical drill which is a popular exercise even in Girls Schools. The drill instructor, supplied by the Military Authorities, is giving great satisfaction especially since the Military Authorities courteously set the drill instructor free from certain duties which formerly interfered with the regularity of his attendance in the Schools. The Cadet Corps is being drilled in sections, a supply of wooden rifles having been sent to the three Schools interested.

19. INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION.-The R. C. West Point Reformatory, aided by the Government under the Reformatory School Ordinance and otherwise, and the Kindergarten School of the Basel Mission, which receives no Government aid whatsoever, are the only Industrial Schools of the Colony. Sewing machines have been supplied, by a local business firm, to a number of Chinese Girls Schools in which regular instruction is now given in the use of sewing machines.

374

20. MEDICAL EDUCATION.-The College of Medicine for Chinese is quietly continuing its work of imparting a knowledge of Western medicine and surgery to its dozen or so of students. It is hampered by the lack of a properly equipped building for teaching purposes, and by the non-recogni- tion of its certificates by the Legislature, but efforts are being made to secure the removal of both these obstacles to the progress of medical education in the Colony. Dr. J. C. THOMSON returned to Hongkong in March, and resumed the oversight of the students as Secretary to the College, and in October His Honour Sir FIELDING CLARKE, whose term of office had expired, was succeeded as Rector by the Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART.

21. SCHOLARSHIPS.-The draft of the revised Government Scholarship Scheme, referred to in previous reports, is still under the consideration of the Government. The last Scholarship, granted in 1893, involved in 1895 an expenditure of $2,867.80. As to non-official Scholarships, Queen's College had, in the year 1895, the benefit of 4 Belilios Scholarships, 2 Morrison and 1 Stewart Scholarship. St. Joseph's College had the benefit of 2 Belilios Scholarships. On 11 Medical Scholarships connected with the College of Medicine for Chinese, the Trustees of Belilios Trust Funds Nos. 1 and 3 paid, during the year 1895, the sum of $725, in addition to a sum of $360 paid to Queen's College and St. Joseph's College.

1895.

22. I enclose the usual Tables (I to XIII) summarizing the educational statistics for the year

I have the honour to be,

Sir.

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

E. J. EITEL, Ph. D. (Tubing.), Inspector of Schools and Head of the Education

Department.

}

TABLE 1.-NUMBER of SCHOLARS attending Schools under the EDUCATION DEPARTMENT during the Year 1895.

375

No.

Name of Schools.

Scholars attending Government Schools.

Scholars attending Grant-in-aid

Total Scholars

in Schools. Attendance.

1 2 3

1 American Bord Mission, Bridges Street (Boys),...

5€

Queen's Road West (Boys),

Hawan (Girls),...

Chungwan (Girls),

Yaumati (Girls),

Aplichau (Boys),

Basel Mission, High Street (Girls),

Shamshuipo (Boys),

Shaukiwan (Boys), Tokwawan (Boys),

Matauchung (Boys),

12 13

Mongkok (Boys),..

(Chinese) (Girls),

ད་

Third Street (Girls),

Hunghom (Girls),

وو

};

Pottinger Street (Girls),

Stanley School (Girls),

Yaumati (Boys),..

Shcktongtsui (Boys),...

(Boys),

Hunghom (Boys),

Hospital Chapel (Boys),

}}

Belilios Public School (English) (Girls),

Berlin Foundling House School (Girls),

Berlin Ladies Mission, Queen's Road West (Boys),

C. M. S. St. Stephen's Chinese School (Boys),

Pottinger Street (Boys),"

Saiyingpun (Boys),

St. Stephen's Baxter Memorial (Girls),

Lyndhurst Terrace (Girls),

Yaumati (Mixed),

Quarry Bay (Girls),

Little Hongkong (Boys), Aberdeen School (Boys),

Victoria Home and Orphanage (Girls),

St. Stephen's (Anglo-Chinese) (Boys), Morrison English School (Boys),.

Diocesan Home and Orphanage (Boys),

F. E. S. Bouham Road Chinese Division (Girls),

High Street (Girls),

Queen's Road West (Girls),

Shektongtsui (Girls),

146

234

...

Mongkoktsui (Boys), Tsattszmui (Boys),...

No. 2 (Boys),

108

119

167

Shaukiwan (Girls),...........

Tokwawan (Girls),

Bonham Road English Division (Girls),

L. M. S. Square Street (Boys),

Wantsai Chapel (Boys),

...

Saiyingpun I Division (Boys),

...

Wantsai Chapel (Girls),

་་

Taibing (Girls),

Lokying

Shektongtsui (Girls),..........

Saiyingpun 2nd Street I Division (Girls).

Ui-hing Lane I Division (Girls).

Tanglungchau No. 1 (Boys),

No. 2 (Boys),

Shaukiwau (Boys), Taikoktsni (Boys),..... Square Street, (Girls), Li Yuen Street (Girls), D'Aguilar Street (Girls), Matauwai (Boys), Third Street (Boys), Chinese Street (Girls), Kau-u-fong (Girls), Tanglungehau (Girls), Aberdeen Street (Girls),

دو

(Boys),

(Girls),

Staunton Street (Girls),.

Taipingshan English School (Boys),

(Boys),

Carried forward,.

423

3,467

3,890

376

TABLE I.-NUMBER of SCHOLARS attending Schools under the EDUCATION DEPARTMENT during the Year 1895,—Contd.

No.

Name of Schools.

Scholars Scholars attending attending Government Grant-in-Aid Schools. Schools.

Total Scholars

attendance.

Brought forward,...................

423

3,467

3,890

Pokfulam (Boys),

7.7

وو

(Girls),

Yaumati (Girls),...

Shaukiwan (Girls),

Hunghom (Girls),

St. Joseph's College

European

Bridges Street English

Portuguese

(Girls), (Girls),

English

وو

R. C. M., Cathedral School (Boys),......................

Bridges Street Chinese Division (Girls), Hollywood Road School (Girls),

Holy Infancy School I Division (Boys),

Italian Convent Chinese School (Girls),

Sacred Heart School Chinese Division (Girls),

(Boys),

258

Italian Convent English Division (Girls),

Portuguese,, (Girls),

215

111

112

113

114

وو

Lascar Row (Boys),

وو

(Girls),

115

Graham Street (Girls),

116

Kennedy Town (Boys),

117

Wantsai (Boys),.

118

119

Wongmakok (Boys),

Nova Escola Portugueza (Girls),

Sacred Heart School English Division (Girls),

St. Francis Portuguese Division (Girls),

Victoria Portuguese School Portuguese Division (Mixed),

98 Saiyingpun (English) (Boys),

99.

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107-

(Chinese) (Boys),

Sheko (Boys),

St. Paul's College School (Boys), Stanley (Anglo-Chinese) (Boys), Taitamtuk (Boys),

Tangluugchau (Hakka) (Boys), Victoria English School (Boys),

(Girls),

British Kowloon School (Mixed),.

108 Wantsai (English) (Boys),.

109

(Chinese) (Boys),

110 Wesleyan Mission, Spring Gardens (Boys),

Wellington Street (Boys), (Girls),

وو

(Girls),

English

(Mixed),

167

(54)

167

162

152

220

(179)

220

114

Lyndhurst Terrace English School (Boys),

120 Wongnaichung (Anglo-Chinese) (Boys),. 121 Yaumati (Anglo-Chinese (Boys),..........

Total,.......

1,108

5,684

6,792

TABLE II.—NUMBER of SCHOLARS attending GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS under the EDUCATION DEPARTMENT and EXPENSES of each SCHOOL during the year 1895.

No.

Name of Schools.

Boys.

Girls.

Total.

Expense.

Aplichau,

163.11

6789 OIL CON

2 Belilios Public School (English),

146

2,787.59

وو

(Chinese),.

234

800.40

Pokfulam,

132.00

Salyingpun (English),

167

(Chinese),

Sheko,

167

1,014.49

(54)

228.00

120.00

Stauley (Anglo-Chinese),

Taitamtuk,

Tanglungchau (Hakka),

325.68

132.00

180.00

Wantsai (English),

220

1,037.51

(Chinese),

(179)

220

376.20

Wongmakok,

Wongnaichung (Anglo-Chinese),

132.00

395.45

Yaumati (Anglo-Chinese),

406.50

Total,.

728

380

1,108

8,220.93

377

TABLE III.— AVERAGE EXPENSE of each SCHOLAR at Government SCHOOLS under the EDUCATION DEPARTMENT and at the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS during the year 1895. *

1.-EXPENDITURE OF GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.

(Cost of working the Schools irrespective of cost of erection or repairs of Buildings.)

1. BELILIOS PUBLIC SCHOOL.

Expenditure,

Deduct School Fees, refunded,

.$ 3,239.59

452.00

-$2,787.59

2. OTHER DEPARTMENTAL SCHOOLS, (no School Fees).

Cost to Government, in 1895,

$ 5,433.34

II.—EXPENDITURE ON THE GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS.

Total Cost to Government, in 1895,..

$ 20,388.75

III.-AVERAGE COST OF EACH SCHOLAR.

(Calculated by the Eurolment.)

Average Cost, to Government, of each Scholar :--

1. at Belilios Public School (not including cost of building), 2. at Other Departmental Schools,

3. at Grant-in-Aid Schools,

IV.—AVERAGE COST OF EACH SCHOLAR.

(Calculated by the Average Daily Attendance.)

Average Cost, to Government, of each Scholar :--

1. at Belilios Public School (not including cost of building), 2. at Other Departmental Schools,

3. at Grant-in-Aid Schools,

19.09

..$

5.61

3.60

35.56

7.79

5.45

*NOTE.-The Cost of the Inspectorate of Schools ($6,011.13), being connected with both Grant-in-Aid Schools and Government Schools, is not included.

No.

TABLE IV.-ENROLMENT and ATTENDANCE at Government Schools under the EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

1 Aplichau,

during the year 1895.

Name of Schools.

2 Belilios Public School (English),

(Chinese),

Pokfulam,

5 Saiyingpun (English),

(Chinese),

Sheko,

Stanley (Anglo-Chinese),

Taitamtuk,

Tanglungchau (Hakka),

Wantsai, (English),

(Chinese),

Wongmakok,

Wongneichung (Anglo-Chinese),

Yaumati (Anglo-Chinese),................

Average Monthly Enrolment.

Average Daily Attendance.

20.25

15.71

82.83

78.38

144.33

114.46

13.91

11.44

110.41

103.36

35.81

34.14

25.08

24.23

83.66

31.37

10.16

8.67

34.50

31.26

144.16

133.77

113.58

111.04

9.50

8.78

42.91

38.82

33.75

29.57

Total,......

854.84

775.00

378

TABLE V-MAXIMUM and MINIMUM ENROLMENT and DAILY ATTENDANCE at GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS under the

EDUCATION DEPARTMENT during the year 1895.

No.

Name of Schools.

Maximum Monthly Enrolment.

Minimum

Monthly Enrolment.

Maximum Daily Attendance

Minimum Daily Attendance

(Monthly average). (Monthly average).

Aplichau,

26.00

5.89

Belilios Public School (English),.............

82.50

68.00

(Chinese),.....

165

139.06

85.09

Pokfulam,

15.46

8.00

Saivingpun (English),

125

112.08

57.91

(Chinese),

41.00

11.07

Sheko,

26.00

20.77

Stanley (Anglo-Chinese),................

36.55

25.92

Taitamtuk,

10.02

7.21

Tanglungchau (Hakka),..

36.62

19.16

Wantsai (English),

168

102

154.07

96.18

(Chinese),

137

125.88

72.09

Wongmakok,

9.56

8.00

Wongnaichung (Anglo-Chinese),......

43.72

35.25

Yaumati (Anglo-Chinese),

35.34

25.44

Total,..

993

607

893.86

545.98

TABLE VI.-NUMBER of DAYS on which the GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS under the EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

were taught during the year 1895.

No.

Name of Schools.

School Days. No.

Name of Schools.

School Days.

1 Aplichau,

252

Taitamtuk,

257

Belilios Public School (English),

244

Tanglungchau (Hakka),.

256

(Chinese),

246

Wantsai (English),

246

4 Pokfulam,

254

(Chinese),...

247

Saiyingpun (English),

247

Wongmakok,

256

(Chinese),

244

Wonguaichung (Anglo-Chinese),,

245

Sheko,

255

Yaumatı (Anglo-Chinese),.........

250

Stanley (Anglo-Chinese),

247

379

TABLE VII.-SUMMARY of ENROLMENT and ATTENDANCE at the GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS for the last twenty-five years.

YEARS.

Total Enrolment

for the

year.

Maximum Daily Attendance (Monthly Average).

Minimum Monthly Enrolment.

Minimum Daily Attendance (Monthly Average).

1871,

1,292

937

741

571

1872,

1,480

1,157

837

665

1873,

1,838

1,326

852

760

1874,

1,932

1,271

974

836

1875,

1,927

1,312

988

863

☐ 1876,

2,171

1,383

1,057

925

1877,

2,148

1,446

1,212

1,035

1878, ....................

2,101

1.324

1,100

936

1879,

2,043

1,356

1,027

904

1880,

2,078

1,468

1,082

937

1881,

1,986

1,384

1,093

956

1882,

2,114

1,444

1,062

988

1883,

2,080

1,414

1,138

990

1884,

1,978

1,420

1,066

911

1885,

1,988

1,424.

1,061

926

1886,

1,893

1,544

1,040

886

1887,

1,814

1,552

1,126

1,000

1888,

1,933

1,653

1,139

1,040

1889,

2,293

1,992

1,190

1,118

1890,

2,514

1,999

1,494

1,370

1891,

2,540

1,909

1,403

1,291

1892,

2,622

2,101

1,536

1,407

1893,

2,356

1,829

1,443

1,317

1894,

1,282

1,039

420

320

1895,

1,108

893

607

545

380

TABLE VIII.-NUMBER of SCHOLARS attending Schools receiving GRANTS-IN-AID (under the Provisions of the Scheme of 1893), expenses incurred and amount of Grant gained by cach in 1895.

Class of School.

Name of Schools.

Boys.

Girls.

Total.

Expenses incurred in

Amount of Grant gained

1895.

for 1895.

American Board Mission, Bridges Street (Boys),

56. $

210.00

130.06

Queen's Road West (Boys),

228.00

158.77

Háwan (Girls)......................

168.00

120.52

Sheungwan (Girls),

67.72

Basel Mission, Shamshuipo (Boys),

Yaumati (Girls),

145.40

182.48

108.71

>>>

Shaukiwan (Boys),

236.62

225.59

Tokwawan (Boys),

176.45

139.38

Matauchung (Boys),

148.13

58.72

Mongkok (Boys),...........

Berlin Ladies Mission, Queen's Road West (Boys),

C. M. S. St. Stephen's Chinese School (Boys)....

40.45

4.1

$9.95

135.45

Mongkoktsui (Boys),

115.84

Tsat-tsz-mui (Boys),.........

60.36

303.94

238.25

No. 2, (Boys),

333.15

194.54

Pottinger Street (Boys),

108

306.15

300.70

Saiyingpun (Boys),

284.21

183.45

St. Stephen's Baxter Memorial (Girls),.

245.21

135.69

Lyndhurst Terrace (Girls),

264.85

124.66

Third Street (Girls),

214.18

146.18

Yaumati (Mixed),

201.82

125.05

Hunghòm (Girls),

169.31

103.33

Quarry Bay (Girls),

152.50

49.52

Little Hongkong (Boys),

114.16

55.64

(Boys),

Hunghòm (Boys),

Hospital Chapel (Boys);

Shektongtsui (Girls),..

II.

Ui-hing Lane 1. Division (Girls),

II.

(Girls),

རྩྭ་

Aberdeen School (Boys),

F. E. S. Bonham Road Chinese Division (Girls),

High Street (Girls),

Queen's Road West (Girls),

Shektongtsui (Girls),..

Pottinger Street (Girls),

Stanley School (Girls), Shaukiwan (Girls),... Tokwawan (Girls),.

L. M. S. Square Street (Boys),

Wantsai Chapel (Boys), Yaumati (Boys),

Shektongtsui (Boys),

Saiyingpun I. Division (Boys),

II.

166.03

121.10

764.93

228.45

181.13

100.71

212.80

111.20

174.30

41.35

264.40

72.23

133.63

142.38

204.20

125.09

101.00

90.11

373.19

250.58

398.18

317.68

329,35

201.27

224.23

189.46

373.36

253.83

326.19

227.04

240.43

61.47

270.59

203.26

160.70

56.58

Saiyingpun, Second Street 1. Division (Girls),

244.40

102.30

(Boys),

283.31

268.19

295.17

226.06

}

Tanglungchau No. 1 (Boys),

No. 2 (Boys),

Shaukiwan (Boys),...

Taikoktsui (Boys),

Square Street (Girls),

Li-Yuen Street (Girls),

D'Aguilar Street (Girls), Matauwai (Boys), Third Street (Boys), Chinese Street (Girls), Kau-ü-fong (Girls), Tanglungchau (Girls), Aberdeen Street (Girls), Wantsai Chapel (Girls),

Staunton Street (Girls), Taihang (Girls),

R. C. M. Cathedral School (Boys),

Bridges Street Chinese Division (Girls), Hollywood Road Chinese School (Girls), Holy Infancy School J. Division (Boys),

179.68

143.54

225.20

133.65

253.99

187.36

278.26

202.45

210.59

162.51

280.11

223.30

244.42

113.61

299.65

258.98

180.60

122.05

166.07

76.04

262.41

284.79

150.58

91.84

367.74

248.90

381.19

267.29

230.39

84.68

$9.00

77.79

255.00

152.56

399.00

249.48

120.00

32.59

II.

Yaumati (Girls),

(Girls),

420.00

234.91

535.00

151,86

Shaukiwan (Girls),.

268.00

163.30

Hunghòm (Girls),

447.00

133.60

Italian Convent, Chinese School (Girls),

371.69

Sacred Heart School Chinese Division (Girls),

128.51

Wesleyan Mission Spring Gardens (Boys),

228.00

171.03

多多

Wellington Street (Boys),

114

408.50

264.43

(Girls),

170.00

139.55

Lascar Row (Boys),

228.00

163.40

(Girls),

191.00

130.18

•

III

St. Paul's College School (Boys),

Graham Street (Girls)...

Kennedy Town (Boys),

II Basel Mission High Street (Girls),.

Berlin Mission (Girls),

C. M. S. Victoria Home and Orphange (Girls),

St. Stephen's Anglo-Chinese (Boys), Morrison English School (Boys),

W. M. Lyndhurst Terrace, English School (Boys),

Diocesan Honic and Orphanage (Boys),

F. E. S. Bonham Road, English Division (Girls),

L. M. S. Taipingshan, English School (Boys),

Lok-ying English School (Boys),

Wantsai (Boys),

217.00

197.97

225.00

209.40

178.00

130.03

679.81

423.98

982.00

246.88

2,088.58

376.46

546.64

439.84

119

1,408.74

180.49

498.00

233.29

607.00

295.42

167

14,470.73

1,275.46

615.12

279.91

857.23

236.94

282.65

167.65

Carried forward,..

2,595

1,977

4,572

40.240.44

16,582.98

381

Name of Schools.

Class of

School.

TABLE VIII-NUMBER of SCHOLARS attending Schools receiving GRANTS-IN-AID.-Continued.

Boys.

Girls,

Total.

Expenses incurred in

1895.

Amount of Grant gained

for 1895.

Brought forward.........

2,595

1,977

4,572

$40,240.41

$16.582.98

III

R. C. M. St. Joseph's College Chinese Division (Boys),.

206.70

European

(Boys)..

258

3,643.95

2.431.97

Italian Convent English Division (Girls),.....

215

2,671.00

1.460.37

Victoria English School (Boys),

(Girls),

English

Portuguese Division (Girls), ́

Bridges Street English Division (Girls),

Portuguese Division (Girls),

Nova Escola Portugueza (Girls),...

Sacred Heart School, English Division (Girls),

St. Francis Portuguese Division (Girls),

Victoria Portuguese School, Portuguese Division (Mixed)...

622.00

382.45

513.00

137.68

274.00

308.83

389.85

183.18

(Girls),

English

(Mixed),

152

British Kowloon School (Mixed),

PR: CHAPE

69.33

221.00

99.78

535.00

186.32

120.77

1,139.95

195.65

152

5,962.85

1,068.82

599.57

215.24

3,091

2,593

5,684

56,213.04

24,249.64

TABLE IX.-ENROLMENT, ATTENDANCE and NUMBER of SCHOOL DAYS at the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS during 1895.

No.

Name of Schools.

ment.

Maximum Minimum Monthly Monthly Enrol- Enrol-

ment.

Average Average Maximum Minimum Daily Daily Attend- Attend-

Average Monthly Enrol-

Average Daily

Number

Attend- ance for

School

ment.

ance.

the Year.

Days.

1234 10 30 1

American Board Mission Bridges Street, (Boys),

52.33

42.26

51.36

48.12

247

Queen's Road West (Boys),

40.00

27.66

37.45

35.55

254

Háwan (Girls),

29.44

17.96

31.09

26.05

270

Chungwan (Girls),

22.

31.73

17.80

32.63

27.44

263

Yaumati (Girls),

29.37

9.46

27.36

24.80

244

Basel Mission, Shamshuipo (Boys),

22.92

12,91

24.60

20.42

241

Shaukiwan (Boys),

56.30

25.36

59.18

49.18

261

Tokwawan (Boys).

33.26

24.55

34.70

27.26

241

Matauchung (Boys),.

19.92

8.00

21.70

15.44

243

Mongkok (Boys),

21.

25.53

13.66

23.20

18.91

193

Berlin Ladies Mission, Queen's Road West (Boys),

14 C.M.S., St. Stephen's Chinese School (Boys),

41.53

19.19

40.40

34.90

249

Mongkoktsui (Boys),

34.22

24.00

37.33

29.69

212

Tsat-tszmui (Boys),.......

23.31

11.77

22.45

18.72

255

59.69

46.24

58.90

52.04

276

No. 2 (Boys),

50.96

30.06

43.18

41.58

256

Pottinger Street (Boys),

74.46

39.88

67.83

63.90

265

Saiyingpun (Boys),

16.88

30.40

17.91

40.90

256

St. Stephen's Baxter Memorial (Girls),

33.77

20.00

30.85

27.88

272

Lyndhurst Terrace (Girls),

25.04

10.37

22.58

20.83

275

Third Street (Girls),

28.04

17.50

33.27

24.37

272

Yaumati (Mixed),

31.16

29.33

31.00

26.60

276

Hunghòm (Girls),

18.20

9.14

19.81

16.17

263

Quarry Bay (Girls),

18.69

8.77

19.50

15.04

271

Little Hongkong (Boys),.

16.16

2.00

16.66

11.29

262

Aberdeen School (Boys),

26.23

13.05

28.09

21.21

245

26 F.E.S., Bonham Road, Chinese Division (Girls),

27.18

21.33

28.45

25.91

207

High Street (Girls),

27.00

11.33

28.27

21.43

258

Queen's Road West (Girls),.

29.23

13.00

27.08

24.40

272

Shektong-tsui (Girls),

9.11

4.68

9.18

7.70

254

Pottinger Street (Girls),

Shaukiwan (Girls),

Tokwawan (Girls),

34 L.M.S., Square Street (Boys),

Wantsai Chapel (Boys),

Yaumati (Boys),

Shektong-tsui (Boys),

Saiyingpun, I. Division (Boys),

20.53

7.04

20.36

16.46

251

Stanley School (Girls),

35.70

20.94

32.91

26.76

258

24.33

16.00

26.83

21.19

265

19.81

14.31

18.90

17.22

263

64.19

12.35

60.63

55.16

251

CATHE

Matauwai (Boys),

Chinese Street (Girls),

II.

(Boys),

Hunghom (Boys),

Hospital Chapel (Boys),

Shektong-tsui (Girls),

Ui-bing Lane, I. "Division (Girls),

II.

(Girls),

解

60.81

46.08

63.36

56.36

247

52.26

26.93

58.27

46.54

242

38.59

8.11

42.72

30.93

233

52.08

29.33

53.63

45.17

251

46.13

32.43

52.45

42.58

252

23.81

7.46

21.45

16.94

223

41.11

23.77

43.80

38.52

235

11.54

1.02

12.41

10.16

284

Saiyingpun, Second Street, I. Division (Girls),

II.

وو

(Boys),

Tanglungchau No. 1 (Boys),

No. 2 (Boys),

Shaukiwan (Boys), Taikoktsui (Boys).. Square Street (Girls),

Li Yuen Street (Girls),.

D'Aguilar Strect (Girls),

Third Street (Boys),

HERRERS

30.55

19.11

30.09

24.60

204

60.03

32.00

67.81

48.89

226

41.78

20.58

40.80

37.12

244

41.92

31.00

42.54

40.09

242

34.63

23.16

33.72

28.80

266

30.70

16.53

32.41

26.73

259

51.03

27,50

46.90

41.71

259

36.28

20.27

35.36

33.03

253

51.00

83.47

53.53

42.61

255

29.52

21.43

26.36

25.22

255

39.73

28.26

42.00

34.95

268

25.07

9.00

25.36

20.11

244

38,15

23.00

$7.90

34.14

264

20.69

13.68

21.54

19.08

259

Carried forward,...

2,271

1,501

1,977.62 1,136.69

2,003.05 1,692.80

382

ENROLMENT, ATTENDANCE and NUMBER of SCHOOL DAYS at the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS,--Continued.

No.

Name of Schools.

Maxiuum Minimum Monthly Monthly Enrol Eurol-

ment.

Average Average Maximum Minimum Daily Daily Attend- Attend-

ance.

Average Monthly Enrol- ment.

Average Daily Attend-

Number

School

ance.

ance for the Year.

Days.

Brought forward,

2,271

1,501

1,977.62

1,136.69

2,003.03

1,692.80

L.M.S., Kau-u-fong (Girls),

62.08

26.10

56.33

53.08

285

Tanglungchau (Girls),

15.88

11.03

15.75

13.69

279

Aberdeen Street (Girls),

34.84

21.62

36.81

30.31

272

Wantsai Chapel (Girls),

63.76

38.37

67.45

48.58

269

Staunton Street (Girls), Taihang (Girls)..

R.C.M., Cathedral School (Boys),

18.63

8.28

16.66

14.36

274

20.00

11.00

18.05

16.00

212

28.39

11.66

25.91

25.58

259

་་

Bridges Street, Chinese Division (Girls),. Hollywood Road, Chinese School (Girls), Holy Infancy School, I. Division (Boys),.

36.80

27.00

35.83

32.13

260

53.16

27.57

48.00

42.47

257

20.91

9.48

20.75

17.19

258

II.

(Girls),

50.76

27.40

45.50

39.83

271

Yaumati (Girls),

45.43

20.82

41.83

34.72

285

Shaukiwan (Girls),

37.83

21.05

39.75

33.60

266

Hunghòm (Girls),..

41.37

19.14

38.00

31.70

271

Italian Convent, Chinese School (Girls),

55.65

51.10

55.16

53.88

268

Sacred Heart School, Chinese Division (Girls),

30.92

20.25

32.16

28.03

260

Wesleyan Mission, Spring Gardens (Boys),

35.80

8.08

37.72

30.07

247

Wellington Street (Boys),

93.05

44.66

$1.72

72.87

248

(Girls),

42.42

21.27

37.81

34.11

251

Lascar Row (Boys),

45.80

23.26

43.90

36.81

249

(Girls),

22.70

10.50

22.09

19.36

245

Wantsai (Boys),

Graham Street (Girls),.

46.96

25.20

18.63

41.94

246

37.12

23.28

38.08

34.81

273

Kennedy Town (Boys),

27.57

14.26

28.10

24.07

255

Basel Mission, High Street,

70.20

56.72

70.36

61.98

260

Berlin Mission (Girls),

25.23

22.00

25.54

23.85

262

C.M.S., Victoria Home and Orphanage (Girls),

45.11

38.03

41.20

39.95

248

St. Stephen's Anglo-Chinese School (Boys), Morrison English School (Boys),

65.60

45.19

64.00

57.81

257

49.76

20.90

50.00

40.49

234

Wesleyan Mission, Lyndhurst Terrace, Eng. Sch. (Boys),

45.63

21.25

42.54

37.29

247

St. Paul's College School (Boys),

45.95

19.25

£0.90

39.12

239

Diocesan Home and Orphanage (Boys),

124

108.77

72.72

111.25

100.46

244

F.E.S., Bonham Road, English Division (Girls),

26.62

17.63

27.00

24.91

230

L.M.S., Taipingshan English School (Boys),

37.05

24.76

37.81

32.92

230

Lok-Ying English School (Boys),..

29.00

17.96

26.77

25.65

202

R.C.M., St. Joseph's College, Chinese Division (Boys),...

35.47

14.70

30.58

28.70

216

European Division (Boys),.

214

180

197.44

170.33

202.45

187.97

223

Italian Convent, English Division (Girls),

190

171

174.27

116.23

180.06

158,87

226

Portuguese Division (Girls),

56.38

38.00

56.90

48.95

226

Bridges Street, English Division (Girls),

Portuguese Division (Girls),

Nova Escola Portugueza (Girls),

100

Sacred Heart School, English Division (Girls), St. Francis, Portuguese Division (Girls),..

101

English Division (Girls),

102

Victoria Portuguese School, Port. Div. (Mixed),.

103

Eng. Dir. (Mixed),.

105 106

104 Victoria English School (Boys)," (Girls), British Kowloon School (Mixed),

106

******

15.68

9.80

15.25

12.68

273

53.16

25.07

49,75

41.33

273

24.40

11.90

25.00

21.18

249

14.45

10.17

15.81

12.83

223

21.00

8.44

16.66

14.28

258

25.16

17.21

26.25

21.82

257

16.22

8.47

15.50

12.77

227

21.94

6.20

21.25

18.65

227

99.80

76.88

97.00

87.82

257

52.70

37.47

19.08

46.07

257

29.69

16.66

31.08

25.24

770

Total,..

4,856

3,256

4,298.04

2,612.00 4,285.59

3,736.91

TABLE X.-RESULTS of the EXAMINATION of the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS

Ordinary Subjects.

Stand. II.

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

Stand. V.

NAME OF SCHOOL.

Class of School.

1.- American Board Mission, Bridges Street, (Boys).

2.-

3.-

4.-.

5.-

Queen's Road West, (Boys)

Hawan, (Girls), .

Chungwan, (Girls),

Yaumati, (Girls),

6. Basel Mission, Shamsluipo, (Boys),

Shaukiwan, (Boys),.

8.-

Tokwawan, (Boys),..

9.- 10.-

Matauchung, (Boys),

12,

13.--

喃喃

15.-

16.

Mongkok, (Boys), ..

11.-Berlin Ladies Mission, Queen's Road West, (Boys),

14.-C. M. S., St. Stephen's Chinese School, (Boys),

Pottinger Street, (Boys),

Mongkoktsui, (Boys),

11 8

Tsat-tszmui, (Boys),.

No. 2, (Boys),

५

17.-

Saiyingpun, (Boys),

18.

St. Stephen's Baxter Memorial, (Girls),

19.- 20.- 21.

Lyndhurst Terrace, (Girls),.

Third Street, (Girls),

Yaumati, (Mixed),

22.

Hunghom. (Girls),

23.-

Quarry Bay, (Girls), ·

24.

Little Hongkong, (Boys).

25.-

Aberdeen School, (Boys),

27.-

28. 29. 30.-

31.-

32.-

33.-

36.-

Yaumati, (Boys),

37.-

38.

26.-F. E. S., Bonham Road. Chinese Division, (Girls),

High Street, (Girls),

Shektongtsui, (Girls),..

Pottinger Street, (Girls),

Stanley School, (Girls),

Shaukiwán, (Girls), Tokwawan, (Girls), .

34.-L. M. S., Square Street, (Boys),

Wantsai Chapel, (Boys),

Shektongtsui, (Boys),

Sairingpun I. Division, (Boys),

Queen's Road West. (Girls),.

MAN: Cmime

***

11524∞∞ONO

4852980 00 — 03 —

:::

GWALE: FEL:::::al E:::::

::::::::::::::*::::~

No. of Scholars Presented.

No. of Scholars Examined.

Stand. I.

Stand. II.

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

Stand. V.

Stand. VI.

Stand. VII.

Stand. I.

Stand. II.

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

::::

Stand. V.

:::::::

Stand. VI.

Stand. VII.

7217

Stand. I.

Ordinary Subjects.

Special Subjects.

NUMBER OF SCHOLARS Who Passed.

4 4

13 21

20 2:1

15 14

13 21

16 14

39.

II.

(Boys),

40.-

重要

Hunghom, (Boys),

42 42

10 21

41.-

Hospital Chapel, (Boys),

42.

43.

44.

45.-

46.

47.

48.

49.

Shektongtsui, (Girls),.

Saiyingpun, Second Street, I. Division, (Girls),

Ui-hing Lane, I. Division (Girls),

II.

Tanglungchau, No. 1 (Boys),

No. 2 (Boys),

Shaukiwan, (Boys),

5 4

2 4

II.

(Boys),

11 19

16 5

(Girls),

8 10

14 12

23 10

50.

Taikoktsui, (Boys),

51.

Square Street, (Girls),

50 50

11 11

:::::::::::::::::

16 1 4

52.

Li-yuen Street. (Girls).

་

53.

D'Aguilar Street, (Girls),

3 11

7 10

54.-

Matauwai, (Boys),

55.

Third Street, (Boys),

56.

Chinese Street, (Girls),

શ્ર

57.

58.- 59.- 60.-

Kau-ü-fong, (Girls),

Tanglungchan, (Girls),

Aberdeen Street. (Girls),

12 47

Wantsai Chapel, (Girls),

7 3

61.-

Staunton Street, (Girls),

62.-

Taihang, (Girls),

63.-R. C. Mission, Cathedral School, (Boys).

64.-

65.-

66.- 67.- 68.- 69.- 70.-

Bridges Street, Chinese Division, (Girls), Hollywood Road, Chinese School. (Girls). Holy Infancy School, I. Division, (Boys),

II.

Yaumati, "(Girls),

(Girls),

Shaukiwan, (Girls),

Hunghom, (Girls),

71.-

72.-

Italian Convent, Chinese School, (Girls),.. Sacred Heart School Chinese Div., (Girls),

73.--Wesleyan Mission, Spring Gardens, (Boys)................

74.-

Wellington Street, (Boys)..

I 64

75.

(Girls),

10 9 5

76.

Lascar Row (Boys),.

7 18

CO7ND NO LO MA

• 1× 10 10 00

•

77.

Lascar Row (Girls),

11 7

78.

Wantsai, (Boys),

79.

80.

81.--

85.--

وو

Graham Street, (Girls),

81.-Basel Mission, High Street, (Girls),

82.-Berlin Mission, (Girls),

83.-C. M. S. Victoria Home and Orphanage, (Girls),

St. Stephen's Anglo-Chinese, (Boys),

Morrison English School, (Boys),..

86.-Wesleyan Mission, Lyndhurst Terrace, Eng. Sch., (Boys),. 87.-St. Paul's College School (Boys)...

Kennedy Town, (Boys),

020

11 9

II 63

II 26

II 38 38

III 57

HI 29

III 35

III

88.-Diocesan Home and Orphanage, (Boys),

III 85

13 13 15

89.-F. E. S. Bonham Road, English Division, (Girls), 90.-L. M. S. Talpingshan, English School, (Boys),..

III

2 24 24

III

91.-

Lok-ying,

(Boys),..

III

92.-R. C. M., St. Joseph's College, Chinese Division, (Boys),

III 30

4241

: : : : : : :05:

62 ::

93.- 31-4.-

(Boys), European Italian Convent, English Division, (Girls),..

III

179

177

32 27

HI 125

25 124

20 24 18 13

95..

96.

Portuguese Division, (Girls), Bridges Street, English Division, (Girls),

III

97.

DR.

Portuguese Division, (Girls),. Nova Escola Portugueza, (Girls),

III 35

II 22

99.-

100.- 101.- 102,-

Sacred Heart School English Division, (Girls), St. Francis, Portuguese Division, (Girls),

III 11

English

(Girls),

III

:::::::::::::::::::::

29 19

56 21

:::::::

::::::::::::::::::

:::::::::::::::::::

103.-

104.- 105.- 106.--British Kowloon School (Mixed),

Victoria Port. School, Port. Division, (Mixed),..

Eng. Division, (Mixed),. English School, (Boys), (Girls),

III 17

III

III 63

III 36

III 20

•4342

19 31

15 12 2

12:

::::

་

Stand. VI.

NUMBER OF SCHOLARS WHO FA

Stand. VII.

Stand. I.

Stand. II.

: : : : :* :* : : : : :* :* :~:::::::::*::::::*

::::

ខ 2

:::::27: : :*

:::::::::::::::

::::::::::::*

: : : : : : : : : :HAN : :HERE ENN :* : 1H CO

•

: : : : : : : : :¢

: : : :* ::~*:*:

commi∞ no com co 201

to 00: : : :

:::::::::::::

זזז ז. י)

Spe

Ls in 1895, under the provisions of the Scheme of 19th August, 1893.

383

10 11

20.42

49 18

27.26

15.44

18.91

34.90

29.69

18.72

52.01 30

41.58

63.90 54

40.90

27.88 33

20.83 24

24.37 15 41

6 11

26.60 27 20

10 1

16.17

15.04 15 20

11.29 6

21.21 27

25 1 25.91

21.43

24.40

7.70

16.46

3 15

26.76 18 40

21.19 15 24

2 45

17.22 55.16 36 52

2 35

56.36

46.54

30.93

20 20 45.17 27 52 126

12 42.58 39

36.91

10.16

24.60

8 17

48.49

13 2

46.90

34.

33.03 36

42.61

25.22

31.95

20.11

10 16

4.14

17 19.08

53.08

13.69 9

26 3 30.31

4 48.58 14.36

25.58 15

32.13

42.47

17.19

39.83

34.72 51

33.60

31.70

27 36

53.88

28.03

30.07

72.87

34.11

36.81

19.36

4.5

41.91

34.81

24.07 30

61.98 96

23.85

39.95

57.84 216

40.49 102

37.29 156

39.42

9 118

100.46 42

24.91

32.91

144

25.65

28.70 108

11 165

12 173

110

187.97 144 158.87 150

48.95 12.68

41.33 120

::::::::::

21.18 54

12.83 12 40

20 1

14.28 30 48 21.82 54 12.77 18.65

7111

87.52 60 48

46.07

25.24

MOCNICE.

48 60

::: :::** : : : :2:****

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:::::::::::::::

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320 324 280 384 162

208 150 120 96

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96 140 192 126

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37.12 21 64 30 40.09 21

52 36

28.80 21 32 60

66 80 120

60 84

24 36 114

NUN.CHE885.8808~~ENNE. OFF EEN: Ag: 8: *: : : ::: : 2-::: BRUN: ::DEX::::: 88::::::: HRKER:

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8351122134287311514

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CANM.MON~388778A:

.00

24.80 45 36

48.12

35.55 15

26.05 18 20

27.44 15

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

Stand. V.

Stand. VI.

Stand. VII.

Passed.

Failed.

Passed.

Failed.

Special Subjects.

Ordinary

Special Subjects. Subjects.

Average Daily Attendance during the Year.

Stand. I.

Stand. II.

HREINK Stand. III.

H: 88H: NJE: ~~~RE::::; &&~: _::*

::::::::::::::::::::

::: :::::::

::::::::::::::::::@ ::::: :** : ¦ ¦ ¦∞ ∞ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :*:*:*

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īទ្ធី : :

•

1.50

7.50

.75

6.50

2.50

3.75

10.50

4.50

10.50

3,00

2.50

2,25 11

1.50

6.00 3.75

5,50 8.25

7.50 5.25

8.50 3.00

Stand. IV.

Stand..V.

Stand. VI.

Stand. VII.

:::: Stand. I.

Stand. II.

Stand. III.

Stand. IV.

Stand. V.

Ordinary Subjects.

O FAILED.

TOTALS.

SUMS TO WHICH THE SCHOOL IS ENTITLED.

Special Subjects.

Needle Work.

*::::

::::

| | | 0

Stand. VI.

Stand. VII.

Capitation Grant.

30 32

129 32

4.00

7,50

5.00 3.75

9 24

116

1.50 3.75 9.75 17.50 8.25

3.00

1.50

22.50

| | | | | | 69

:: Very Good.

Good.

: Fair.

24.06

130.06

32.51

97.55

17.77 158.77

39.69

119.08

7.50

13.02

120.52

30.13

90.39

6.50

13.72

67.72 16.93

50.79

1.50

12.40 145,40

36.35

109.05

10.21 108.71

27.17

81.54

24.59 275.59 13.63 139.3S 7.72 58.72 9.45 17.45 14.84 115.81 9.36 60.36 26.00 238.25

56.39

169.20

34.84 104.54

14.68

44.04

40.45

10.11

30.34

135.45 33.86

101.59

28.96

86.88

15.09

45.27

59.56 178.69

Total Grant earned in 1895.

Amount due to Teacher.

Amount due to Manager.

24 36

6.00 12

6.00

6.00 7

2.00 2.50 0.50

21 12

1.50 2.25 2,50 3.75

20.79 194.54 48.63 145.91

31.95 300.70 75.17 225.53 20.45 183.45 45.86 137.59 13.94 135.69 33.92 101.77 10.41 121.66 31.16 93.50 12.18 146.18 36.54 109.64 13.30

10.50

1 50

8.08

1.00

125,05 31.26 93.79 103.33 25.83 77.50 7.52 49.52 12.38 37.14 5.64 55.64 13.91 41.73

10.10

121.10 30.27 90.83

8 36

10 1.50

3.00

27 32

3.50

3.00

1.00 9.00

7.50

::::

38.52 18 40 126

44 48

114

26.73 27 56 72

6 28

24 28

28 12

1.00 6.00

4.50 6.75

18 32 72

10.00 3.75

18 49

10.00 6.00

12 24

5.50 4.50

7.50

6.75

42 14

6.50

7.50

20 30

2.50 3.50

3.00

6.00

28 54

5.50 5.00 23.25

3.75

3.00

7.50

36 102

: : : : :" : : :~: :EN :::*::::* : : : : : :-* :*:::::::::::::::

6.00

19.50

0.50

12.95

228.45 57.11 171,34

:::

1.50

1854532

10.71

100.71

25.17 75.54

6.00

12.20

111.20

27.80

83.40

1.00

3.85

41.35

10.33 31.02

5.00

8.23

72.23

18.05 54.18

3.00

13.28

142.38

35.59 106.79

13 3.00

10.59

125.09

31.27

93.82

0.50

8.61

90.11 22.52 67.59

27.58

250,58

62.64 187,94

28.18

317.68 79.42

238.26

23.27 201.27 50.31 15.46 189.46 47.36 142.10 22.58 253.83

150.96

63.45 190.38

21.29

227.04

56.76

170.23

8.47

61.47 15.36 46.11

19.26

203.26

50.81

152.45

0.50

5.08

56.58 14.14

42.44

3.50

12.30

102.30

25.57

76.73

1.50

24.44

268.19

67.04

201.15

1.50

16 5.50 212.50

18.56 226.06

56.51

169.55

20.04 143.54

35 88

107.66

14.40 133.65

33.41

100.24

187,36

6.00

12.00

12 9.50 3 4.00 11 8.50

13.36 23.45 202.45 50.61 151.84 16.51 162,51 40.62 121.89

223.30 21 30

55.82 167.4S 12.61 113.61 28.40 17.48 258.98 64.74

46.84

140,52

85.21

194.24

10.05 122.05

30.51

91.54

17.07 166.07

41.51

124,56

3.50

27.00

1.00

12 2.00

10.50 15

3.00

9.00

3.00

21.00

3.00

7.50

16.50

1.50 10

12.00

108

10 4.50

6.00 20

102

1.50 23

14 21.00

42 64 90

44 12

21.00

:: _: &: E: M: : 26: 30 Pa

5.50

9.54 76.04 19.01 57.03 26.5: 6.84 15.15

16.00

24.29

2.50

284.79 71.19 213.60 94.84 23.71 71.13 248.90 62.22 186.68 267.29 66.82 200.47 7.18 84.68 21.17 63.51

3,50

8.00

21.23

152.56 249.45

12,79 77.79 19.44 58.35 16.06

38.14

114.42

62.37

187.11

8.59 32.59

8.14

24.45

1.00

19.91

234.91

58.72

176.19

5.00

17.36 151,86

37.96 113.90

0.50

4.50

3 00

0.50

15.03

4.50

32.12 96.39 171.03 42.75 128.28 36.43 264,43 66.10 198.33 17.05 139.55 34.88 104.67 18.40

16.80 163,30 40.82 122.48 15.85 133.60

33.40 100.20 26.94 371,69 92.92 278.77 14.01 128,51

5.00

4.00

163,40 40.85 122.55 9.€8 130,18 32.54 97.64

197,97 20.97

49.49 148.48 17.40 209,40 52.35 157.05

12.03 130,03

32.50

4.00

46.48

423,98 105.99

97.53 317.99

17.88

246.88

61.72 185.16

3 50

29.96 376.46

282.35 94.11

57.84

439,84 109.96

329.88

40.49

180.49

45.12

135.37

37.29

233 29

58.32 174.97

84 16

39.42 295-42

73.85

221,57

130 156 210

208

108

80 87

100.46 1,275.46

318.86

956.60

25.50 5

0.50

24.91 279.91

69.97

209.94

232

100 168

96 252 208

72 112

96 36

188

62 108 100

36 8

| ∞ | | | | | | ||

97.50 42 10.50

9.00

10.50 14 1:00

4.50

4.50 3

9.00

5: wi au FAR

8.00

23 4.00

32.94 236.94 25.65 167.65 28.70 206.70 187.97 2,431.97 158.87 1,460.37 48.95 382.45

59.23

177.71

41.91 125.74

51.67 155.03

607.99 1,823.98

365.09 1,095.28

95.61

286.84

12,68 137.68 34.42

103.26

69.33

6.00 6 0.50

41.33 308.83 21.18 183.18 12.83 14.28 99.78 21.94 74.84 21.82 186.32 46.58 139.74 12.77 120.77 30.19 18.65 195.15 87.82 1,068 82

77.20

231.63

45.79

137.39

17.33

52.00

90.58

48.91 146.74

267.20

801.62

2 50

46.07 599.37 25.24

149.9

449.68

215.24

53.8L 161.43

TOTAL,..

-$24,249.64 6,062.02 18,187.62

TABLE XI.—PERCENTAGE of SCHOLARS who passed in the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS during the last two Fears.

385

No.

Name of Schools.

1894.

1895.

Increase.

Decrease.

1 American Board Mission, Bridges Street (Boys),

87.50

56.09

31.41

Queen's Road West (Boys),

84.00

91.17

7.17

Háwan (Girls),

95.23

80.00

15.23

Chungwan (Girls),

47.61

Yaumati (Girls),

96.55

....

Basel Mission, Shamshuipo (Boys),

77.27

91.66

11.39

Shaukiwan (Boys), Tokwawan (Boys),

100.00

96.61

....

3.39

95.45

96.29

.81

•

Matauchung (Boys),

91.66

81.25

10.41

Mongkok (Boys),.

71.44

Berlin Ladies Mission, Queen's Road West (Boys),

C.M.S., St. Stephen's Chinese School (Boys),

Pottinger Street (Boys),

Salyingpun (Boys),

94.11

93.33

Mongkoktsui (Boys),

75.75

Tsatszmui (Boys),

63.15

91.66

93.47

1.81

No. 2 (Boys),

94.73

97.05

2.32

100.00

98.33

1.67

96.87

87.18

9.69

St. Stephen's Baxter Memorial (Girls),

100.00

95.83

4.17

Lyndhurst Terrace (Girls),.

100.00

$1.81

18.19

Third Street (Girls),

96.55

96.00

.55

Yaumati (Mixed),

96.53

75.00

21.53

Hunghòm (Girls),

68.75

94.11

25.36

Quarry Bay (Girls),

100.00

61.11

38.89

Little Hongkong (Boys),

27.27

76.92

49.65

Aberdeen School (Boys),

96.15

100.00

3.85

F.E.S., Bonham Road, Chinese Division (Girls),

96.42

96.15

.27

وو

Pottinger Street (Girls),

High Street (Girls),

Shektongtsui (Girls),

Stanley School (Girls), Shaukiwan (Girls), Tokwawan (Girls),

L.M.S., Square Street (Boys),

Wantsai Chapel (Boys), Yaumati (Boys),

Shektongtsui (Boys),

Saiyingpun, I. Division (Boys),

100.00

Queen's Road West, (Girls),

100.00

81.81

80.00

1.81

71.87

82.75

10.88

80.00

76.92

3.08

100.00

96.22

96.87

.65

83.92

78.00

5.92

96.00

83.72

12.28

78.68

86.27

7.59

II.

(Boys),

89.74

97.77

8.03

Hunghòm (Boys),

83.87

93.33

9.46

Shektongtsui (Girls),

II.

وو

Taikoktsui (Boys),

Hospital Chapel (Boys),.

Saiyingpun, Second Street, I. Div. (Girls),.

Ui-hing Lanc, I. Division (Girls),

Tanglungchau, No. 1 (Boys),

No. 2 (Boys),

Shaukiwan (Boys),

Square Street (Girls),. Li-yuen Street (Girls),

D'Aguilar Street (Girls),

Matauwai (Boys), Third Street (Boys), Chinese Street (Girls), Kau-ü-fong (Girls), Tanglungchau (Girls), Aberdeen Street (Girls), Wantsai Chapel (Girls), Staunton Street (Girls),. Taihang (Girls),

R.C.M., Cathedral School (Boys),

08.18

88.09

9.91

100.00

90.90

9.10

91.66

56.00

35.66

و,

II.

(Boys),.

80.75

$6.20

5.45

....

95.74

100.00

4.26

(Girls),

83.33

70.27

13.06

80.33

89.28

8.95

100.00

97.22

2.78

91.11

93.33

2.22

80.76

94.44

13.68

81.48

80.00

1.48

100.00

90.47

9.53

97.67

92.50

5.17

55.88

89.28

33.40

93.75

80.00

84.00

85.10

1.10

100.00

93.75

6.25

100.00

97.22

2.78

88.52

92.15

3.63

100.00

86.36

93.33

71.42

21.91

Bridges Street, Chinese Division (Girls), Hollywood Road, Chinese School (Girls), Holy Infancy School, I. Division (Boys),

87.23

85.71

1.52

83.01

97.33

14.32

77.77

100.00

22.23

II.

(Girls),

83.33

100.00

16.67

Yaumati (Girls), .

86.95

96.29

9.34

Shaukiwau (Girls),

97.86

86.20

11.16

Hunghòm (Girls),

98.38

72.41

25.96

Italian Convent, Chinese School (Girls),,

95.65

Sacred Heart School, Chinese Div. (Girls),

95.83

Wesleyan Mission, Spring Gardens (Boys),

94.41

94.11

.33

Wellington Street (Boys),

89.74

92.50

2.76

(Girls),

93.75

88.88

4.87

Lascar Row (Boys),

100.00

73.68

26.32

Class

School.

No.

386

Name of Schools.

TABLE XI-PERCENTAGE of SCHOLARS who passed in the GRANT-IN-AID Schools,--Continued.

1894.

1895.

Increase.

Decrease.

Wesleyan Mission, Lascar Row (Girls),

92.30

100.00

7.70

Wantsai (Boys),

97.14

95.74

1.40

Graham Street (Girls),

$9.66

100.00

10.34

Berlin Mission (Girls), .

Basel Mission, High Street,.

C.M.S., Victoria Home and Orphanage (Girls),

Morrison English School (Boys),

Kennedy Town (Boys),

91.30

96.55

5.25

100.00

93.51

6.46

96.15

88.46

7.69

80.95

94.73

13.78

St. Stephen's Anglo-Chinese (Boys),

97.22

98.13

.96

100.00

80.76

19.24

W.M., Lyndhurst Terrace. English School (Boys), St. Paul's College School (Boys),

100.00

91.17

8.83

90.90

96.66

5.76

Diocesan Home and Orphanage (Boys),.

90 L.M.S., Taipingshan English School (Boys),.

97.55

89.02

8.53

F.E.S., Bonham Road, English Division (Girls),

93.75

83.33

10.42

88.88

100.00

11.12

Lokying English School (Boys),

70.00

90.00

20.00

92 R.C.M., St. Joseph's College, Chinese Division (Boys), .

80.95

80.00

.95

European Division (Boys),

94.83

92.65

2.18

100

101

Italian Convent, English Division (Girls),..

Bridges Street, English Division (Girls),

Nova Escola Portugueza (Girls),

Sacred Heart School, English Division (Girls), . St. Francis, Portuguese Division (Girls),

English Division (Girls),

96.15

88.70

7.45

Portugnese Division (Girls),

95.65

100.00

4.35

84.84

92.85

8.01

Portuguese Division (Girls),

88.57

97.14

8.57

91.30

100.00

9.70

....

87.50

100.00

86.66

95.23

8.57

102

103

Victoria Portuguese School, Port. Div. (Mixed), Eng. Div. (Mixed),

100.00

104

Victoria English School (Boys),

83.33

88.88

5.55

105

(Girls),

95.23

100.00

4.77

106

...

100.00

Name of Schools.

British Kowloon School (Mixed),

TABLE XII-PERCENTAGE of PASSES in the various subjects in which the GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS were examined in 1895.

Reading.

Writing

position.

or Com-

Arith-

metic.

Gram-

mar.

Geogra-

phy.

Elemen-

tary

Science.

History.

Repeti-

tion.

(Chinese.)

Expla-

nation.

(Chinese.)

Compo-

sition.

(Chinese.)

American Board Mission, Bridges Street (Boys),

Queen's Rd. West (Boys);

92.85 59.52 97.05 91.17

100.00

94.44

100.00 100.00

Háwan (Girls),

100,00 80.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

Chungwan (Girls),

71.45 47.61

100.00

100.00 100.00

•

Yaumati (Girls),

96.55 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

Basel Mission, Shamshuipo (Boys),

100.00 91.66

75.00

100.00

100.00 Failed

Shaukiwán (Boys),

98.30 98.30

100.00

Tokwawan (Boys),

96.29 100.00 68.09

100.00

"Matauchung (Boys),

87.50 87.50

100.00 100.00 Failed 100.00 100.00 100.00

33.33

ور

Mongkok (Boys),

Berlin Ladies Mission, Queen's Road West (Boys),

C.M.S., St. Stephen's Chinese School (Boys),

Pottinger Street (Boys),

Saiyingpun (Boys),

Lyndhurst Terrace (Girls),.

78.59 85.71

...

100.00 93.33

Mongkoktsui (Boys),

87.87 78.77

100.00

100.00 100.00

...

Tsat-tszmui (Boys),

100.00 63.15

100.00 93.47 69.56

100.00

No. 2 (Boys),

100.00 97.05

61.29

100.00

100.00 98.33 88.46

100.00 85.71 100.00 100.00 50.00 100.00 100.00 66.66 100.00 100.00 | Failed

97.43 89.74

100.00 100.00

...

St. Stephen's Baxter Memorial (Girls),

100.00 91.66 91.66

100.00

100.00 100.00

100.00 81.81

100.00

100.00 100.00

Third Street (Girls),

100.00 96.00 95.23

100.00

Failed

Yaumati (Mixed),.

90.63 84.37 31.25

93.75 100.00 100.00

Hunghòm (Girls),

100.00 94.11

100.00

100.00 100.00

Quarry Bay (Girls),

94.44 66.66

100.00 100.00

Little Hongkong (Boys),

100.00 53.84

100.00

100.00 85.71

50.00

Aberdeen School (Boys),.

100.00 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

•

F.E.S., Bonham Road, Chinese Division (Girls),

100.00 95.76

100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00

High Street (Girls),

100.00 100.00

Queen's Road West (Girls),

100.00 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

Shektongtsui (Girls),

100.00 100.00

100.00

وو

Pottinger Street (Girls),

Stanley School (Girls),

Shaukiwan (Girls),

Tokwawan (Girls),

L.M.S., Square Street (Boys),

Wantsai Chapel (Boys), Yaumati (Boys),

Shektongtsui (Boys),

Saiyingpun, I. Division (Boys),

100,00 73.33

100.00

100.00 100.00

***

100.00

79.31

100.00

100.00 90.90

100.00 76.92

Failed

100.00 100.00

100.00 94.11

100.00

100.00 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00

100.00 98.46 100.00

100.00

96.00

80.00

100.00

83.72

100.00

· 95.23 100.00 100.00

100.00 87.85 39.39

100.00 100.00 Failed

II.

(Boys),

Hunghòm (Boys).

Hospital Chapel (Boys),

Shektongtsui (Girls),

100.00 97.77 80.64

Failed

100.00 100.00 100.00

93.33 100.00

100.00

95.23 90.47

100,00

100.00 91.66

100.00 100.00

Saiyingpun, Second Street, I. Div. (Girls),..

100.00 56.00 38.46

100.00

80.00

II.

94.82 (Boys),....

89.65 50.00

100.00

100.00 95.76 60.00

II.

Ui-hing Lane, I. Division (Girls), (Girls),

100.00 97.29 86.66

100.00

100.00 100.00

94.59 70.27

100.00

100.00 100.00

Class

School.

Name of Schools.

TABLE XII-PERCENTAGE of PASSES,-Continued.

Reading.

Writing

or Com-

position.

Arith-

metic.

Gram-

mar.

Geogra-

phy.

387

L.M.S., Tanglungchau No. 1 (Boys),

No. 2 (Boys),

Shaukiwan (Boys), Taikoktsui (Boys), Square Street (Girls),

92.85 100.00 100.00 100.00 93.33

92.85

35.71

86.11

100.00

100.00 94.44

92.00 80.00 66.66

Li Yuen Street (Girls),

100.00 85.71

83.33

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 ! Failed 100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00

98.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

D'Aguilar Street (Girls),..

100.00 90.00

100.00

100.00 Failed

Matauwai (Boys),.

100.00 89.28

100.00

་་

Third Street (Boys),. Chinese Street (Girls), Kau-ü-fong (Girls), Tanglungchau (Girls),.. Aberdeen Street (Girls), Wantsai Chapel (Girls),

83.75 100.00 100.00 80.00

38.46

100.00 100.00

0.55

100.00 100.00

95.74 $2.97

90.00

97.87 100.00

100.00 93.75

33.33

100.00 100.00

100.00 97.22

89.28

100.00

100.00 95.15

75.00

Staunton Street (Girls), Taihang (Girls),

100.00 92.15 87.50 100.00 100.00

62.50

100.00 100.00 | 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

R.C.M., Cathedral School (Boys),

Bridges Street, Chinese Division (Girls).... Hollywood Road, Chinese School (Girls), Holy Iufancy School, I. Division (Boys),

100.00

79.01

100.00 100.00

96.42 89.28 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00

89.23 71.87

100.00 100.00

97.43 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

II.

་

(Girls),

100.00 96.96 100.00

100.00

100.00 100.00 | 100.00

Yaumati (Girls),

100.00 96.29 56.25

100.00

100.00 100.00 50.00

Shaukiwan (Girls),

100.00

82.72 88.23

100.00

100.00 100.00 | 100.00

Hunghòm (Girls),

100.00 68.96 88.88

100.00

100.00 100.00

Italian Convent, Chinese School (Girls)...

Wesleyan Mission, Spring Gardens (Boys),

Wellington Street (Boys).

Lascar Row (Boys),

100.00 91.30 95.34

100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00

Sacred Heart School, Chinese Division (Girls)..

100.00 91.66 88.88

100.00

100.00 100.00

100,00 94.11

100.00 100.00

95.00 96.66

(Girls),

Wantsai (Boys),

96.29 85.18

100.00

100.00 100.00 |

97.36 100.00

86.84 86.84

100.00 100.00

97.87 97.87

100.00 100.00

ii.

III.

St. Stephen's Anglo-Chinese (Boys),

St. Paul's College School (Boys),

Graham Street (Girls),

Kennedy Town (Boys),

Basel Mission, High Street,

Berlin Mission (Girls),

C.M.S., Victoria Home and Orphanage (Girls),

Morrison English School (Boys),

Wesleyan Mission, Lyndhurst Terrace Eng. Sch. (Boys), 100.00

Diocesan Home and Orphanage (Boys),

F.E S., Bonham Road, English Division (Girls), L.M.S., Taipingshan, English School (Boys),

Lok-ying,

R.C.M., St. Joseph's College, Chinese Div. (Boys),

European Div. (Boys),

Italian Convent, English Division (Girls),

Portuguese Division (Girls),. Bridges Street, English Division (Girls),

Portuguese Division (Girls),

Nova Escola Portugueza (Girls),.

Sacred Heart School, English Division (Girls), St. Francis, Portuguese Division (Girls),

English Division (Girls),

100.00 96.96

100.00

100.00 100.00

100.00 96.55

100.00 100.00

100.00 96.77 97.43

92.85

100.00

100.00 80.76 $0.76

100.00

86,66

100.00 86.84 86.84

95.45

100.00

98.18

100.00

98.18 73.07

100.00

(Boys).

100.00

71.42 100.00 100.00 93.33

85.71 97.56 89.02

97.22 100.00 100.00 93.83 83.33 $7.50 $1.25 95.23 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 85.71 100.00 95.00 85.00 100.00 | 100.00 83.33 76.66 86.66 81.81 54.54 99.49 92.09 96.04 86.06 95.08 100.00 83.87 70.16 95.89 95,95 100.00 100.00 100.00 94.87 87.17 87.50 100.00 92.85 78.57 85.71 100.00 91.66 100.00 94.23 82.85

86.66 100.00 95.28 85.71 100.00 100.00

$7.50 62.50

92.72 100.00 100.00 80,76 50.00 76.47 93.33 92.85 75.60 86.36

100.00

90.90 90.90

100,00

95.23

90.47

100.00 | 100,00

66.66

Victoria Portuguese Sch., Port. Div. (Mixed),. Eng. Div. (Mixed),.

100.00

88.23

76.47

100.00

95.23

Victoria English School (Boys),

(Girls), British Kowloon School (Mixed),...................

100.00 100.00 100.00 98.41 80.95 92.06 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00| 100.00| 100.00 100.00 100.00 89.47 94.73 100.00 100.00

100.00 | 100.00

66.66

TABLE XIII-NUMBER of UNEDUCATED CHILDREN in the COLONY in the year 1895.

Estimated Number of Children of local school-age (6 to 16 years) in the Colony, in 1895:--

Boys, Girls,

......17,156 ................. 15,418

32,574

Number of Scholars in Schools of all descriptions in the Colony, in 1895:-

Boys.

Girls.

Total.

Government Schools,

1,752

380

2,132

Grant-in-Aid Schools,....

3,091

2,593

5,684

Kaifong Schools,.....

2,170

2,200

Private Schools,

453

520

10,536

Uneducated or imperfectly educated Children in the Colony, in 1895, ............22,038

E. J. EITEL, Ph. D., (Tub.),

Inspector of Schools and Head of the

Education Department.

AMENDED STATEMENT FOR 1894.

ASSETS AND LIABILITIES,

ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1894.

ASSETS.

LIABILITIES.

Subsidiary Coins,

5,000.00 Drafts drawn by the Crown Agents, inĮ

transit,

400,000.00

Deposit in Bank,

150,000.00 | Deposits not available,.

5,977.43

Praya Reclamation Deposit Account,

100,000.00

Balance in Bank at Current Account,.... 358,886.99.

Refund of Taxes,

4,000.00

Deposit in England at call,...........

1,157,350.99 Officers' Remittances, not yet paid,

2,480.25

Money Orders, not yet paid,..........

5,941.72

Balance in hands of Crown Agents,

26,808.73

Amount due to Post Offices, London,

Italy, France, &c.,

40,500.00

Subsidiary Coins in transit,.....

200,000.00

Pensions due to Civil Officers,

16,000.00

Arrears of Taxes,

15,138.22

Do. to ex-Police Constables,......

6,400.00.

Arrears of Crown Rent,

66,460.04

TOTAL LIABILITIES,......$

581,299.40

Advances to be recovered,.

21,592.74

Balance,

1,419,938.31

TOTAL ASSETS,......$ 2,001,237.71

$2,001,237.71

Treasury, Hongkong, 4th January, 1896.

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

No. 1.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 11th February, 1896.

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART LOCKHART), Chairman. the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMson).

;;

the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRed Cooper).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

C.S.O.

the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police, (WILLIAM CHARLES HOLLAND

HASTINGS, R.N.).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOs, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Committee met at the request of the Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 14th December, 1895, were read and confirmed. Read the following Minute under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :—

3269 of 1895.

WILLIAM Robinson.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Seven thousand Dollars, ($7,000), for the construction of a new Steam Launch for the Health Officer of the Port.

Government House, Hongkong, 24th January, 1896.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the vote be passed.

The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council this 10th day of March, 1896.

Read and confirmed on the 2nd April, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY, Acting Clerk of Councils.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Chairman.

No. 2.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 2nd April, 1896.

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART LOCKHART), Chairman. the Acting Attorney General, (Henry Edward Pollock).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (Alexander MaCDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (Francis Alfred Cooper).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police, (WILLIAM CHARLES HOLLAND

HASTINGS, R.N.).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Committee met at the request of the Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 11th February, 1896, were read and confirmed. Read the following Minute under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :-

C.S.O.

591 of 1896.

WILLIAM Robinson.

The Governor recommends the Council to re-vote the following sums:---

1. $2,215.40, being the unexpended balance of the vote of $6,000 for the erection of

the statue of Her Majesty The QUEEN.

2. $1,464.99, being the unexpended balance of the vote of $5,000 for additional

Quarters at the Central Police Station.

Government House, Hongkong, 14th March, 1896.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed. The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 8th July, 1896.

Read and confirmed on the 22nd July, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY, Acting Clerk of Councils.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART.

Chairman.

No. 3.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 22nd July, 1896.

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART LOCKHART), Chairman. the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

C.S.O.

ܕ;

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRED COOPER).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police, (WILLIAM CHARLES HOLLAND

HASTINGS, R.N.).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER,

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Committee met at the request of the Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 2nd April, 1896, were read and confirmed. Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :--

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

310 of 1896.

C.S.O.

2949 of 1895.

C.S.D.

96 of 1896.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Ten thousand Dollars, ($10,000), for the erection of a Landing-stage at Kennedytown, in connection with the Sheep and Swine Depôts.

Government House, Hongkong, 16th July, 1896.

WILLIAM Robinson.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand and Fifty-nine Dollars and Sixty Cents, ($1,059.60), for expenses incurred in connection with the erection of the Statue of Her Majesty the QUEEN, being difference between the amount spent ($9,559.60) and the amount voted ($8,500).

Government House, Hongkong, 14th July, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Ten thousand Dollars, ($10,000), for the improvement of Street Lighting.

Government House, Hongkong, 20th July, 1896.

The Cominittee unanimously agreed to recommend that all the above votes be passed.

BILL ENTITLED 66

AN ORDINANCE TO AUTHORISE THE APPROPRIATION OF A SUPPLEMENTARY SUM OF ONE MILLION TWO THOUSAND TWO HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-FIVE DOLLARS AND SEVEN CENTS TO DEFRAY THE CHARGES OF THE YEAR 1895.”

The various items in the above Bill were considered separately, and the Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the Bill be passed by the Legislative Council.

The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 5th August, 1896.

Read and confirmed on the 5th August, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY, Acting Clerk of Councils.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Chairman.

No. 4.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 5th August, 1896.

PRESENT:

The Ionourable the Colonial Secretary, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART LOCKHART), Chairman. the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

C.S.O.

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

"}}

the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRED COOPER).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police, (WILLIAM CHARLES HOLLAND

HASTINGS, R.N.).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER,

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Committee met at the request of the Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 22nd July, 1896, were read and confirmed. Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :—

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

1738 of 1896.

C.S.O. 1677 of 1896.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Ten thousand Dollars, ($10,000), to cover the expenditure of the Tytam Water Works extension during the current year.

Government House, Hongkong, 31st July, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote the following sums to meet certain expenses in the Sanitary Department:-

For Incidental Expenses,

For Scavenging the City and Villages, For the Maintenance of Markets,

Total,....

$1,000

4,200

375

.$5,575

C.S 0.

748 of 1896.

*C.S.O.

1807 of 1896.

Government House, Hongkong, 3rd August, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand Dollars, ($5,000), to cover the amount under-estimated in respect of Refunds of Revenue.

Government House, Hongkong, 4th August, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to re-vote the sum of Four hundred and Fifty-four Dollars and Thirty-seven Cents, ($451.37), for the, purchase of Conservancy Buckets.

(The above is the unexpended balance of the sum previously voted ) Government House, Hongkong, 4th August, 1896.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed. The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 5th August, 1896.

Read and confirmed on the 3rd December, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY, Arting Clerk of Councils.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Chairman.

No. 5.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 3rd December, 1896.

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART LOCKHART), Chairman. His Excellency the Major-General Commanding, (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.). The Honourable the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRED COOPER).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

WEI YUK.

ABSENT:

The Honourable JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Committee met at the request of the Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 5th August, 1896, were read and confirmed. Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :-

C.S.O. 2192 of 1896.

C.S.O.

2343 of 1896.

C.S.0.

2319 of 1896.

C.S.0. Confidential. 40 of 1895.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Dollars, ($3,000), to meet the expenditure for the sewerage of the City of Victoria.

Government House, Hongkong, 25th September, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Ten thousand Dollars, ($10,000), to meet the probable further expenditure in connection with the Water and Drainage Works for the current year.

Government House, Hongkong, 15th October, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four thousand Dollars, ($4,000), to meet the expenditure for the erection of a Matron's House at the Gaol and other alterations necessary to convert a portion of the buildings into a Female Prison.

Government House, Hongkong, 15th October, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to re-vote the sum of Twenty thousand Dollars, ($20,000), for the construction of a new Floating Fire Engine.

Government House, Hongkong, 20th October, 1896.

C.S.O.

258 of 1896.

C.S.0.

546 of 1896.

C.S.0.

1902 of 1896.

C.S.O. 1924 of 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Dollars, ($3,000), in aid of the vote for "Miscellaneous Works" (Public Works Annually Recurrent).

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Eight hundred and Eight Dollars and Fifty Cents, ($808.50), for the purchase of Blank Charges and Friction Tubes for use at the Fog Signal Station, Gap Rock.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five hundred Dollars, ($500), in aid of the vote for "Repairs to Epidemic Hulk Hygeia" (Harbour Department).

(Note.-Increased cost due to re-mooring the hulk after the recent typhoon.) Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twenty-five thousand Dollars, ($25,000), to meet the following expenses during the current year:-

Repairs to Buildings,

Roads, City of Victoria,

Out of Victoria, Kowloon,

$18,000.00

5,000.00

1,000.00

$25,000.00

C.S.O.

5059 of 1896.

C.S.O. 2502 of 1896.

C.S.0.

#554 of 1896.

C.S.O. 3285 of 1890.

Conf. C.S.O.

7 9 of 1: 96.

C.S.O. 2644 of 1896,

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand Dollars, ($2,000), in aid of the vote for "Incidental Expenses" in the Police Department.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six hundred and Fifty Dollars, ($650), in aid of the vote "Incidental Expenses," Sanitary Department, for the current year.

(Note.-Increased cost due to the enforcement of Bye-law No. 6 under the provisions of Ordinance No. 15 of 1894.)

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three hundred Dollars, ($300), in aid of the Votes (a) Forage for Horses, $160; and (b) Meals for Prisoners in Cells, $140; for November and December, 1896.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three hundred and Thirty-six Dollars, ($336), for the Salaries of the Chinese Staff at the New Kowloon Animal Depôt.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand Dollars, ($5,000), for raising the Praya Wall at Shektongtsui opposite Marine Lots Nos. 126, and 177 to 183.

Government House, Hongkong, 18th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Seventy thousand and Two hundred Dollars, ($70,200), for expenses incurred in connection with the plague.

Government House, Hongkong, 18th November, 1896.

C.3 0.

2700 of 1898.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Six hundred and Five Dollars and Ten Cents, ($3,605.10), to meet the following expenses :--

C.S.O.

2759 of 1896.

Health Officer's Office.

Coal, &c.,........

$ 120.00

Government Civil Hospital.

Provisions,

1,800.00

Surgical Instruments,

285.00

Medical Comforts,

300.00

Light and Fuel,

.....

800.00

120.00

150.00

30.10

$3,605.10

Washing,

Incidental Expenses,

Water Account,

Government House, Hongkong, 25th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four thousand and Six hundred Dollars, ($4,600), to cover the amount under estimated in respect of "Miscellaneous Services Other."

Government House, Hongkong, 30th November, 1896.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.

The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 7th December, 1896.

Read and confirmed on the 7th December, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY, Acting Clerk of Councils.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Chairman.

ๆ

No. 6.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

FINANCE COMMITTEE,

AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,

On the 7th December, 1896.

PRESENT:

}}

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRED COOPER).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

WEI YUK.

ABSENT:

The Honourable JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Committee met at the request of the Colonial Secretary.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 3rd December, 1896, were read and confirmed.

Read the following Minute under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :-

C.S.0. 2633 of 1896,

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand Four hundred and Fifty Dollars, ($1,450), in aid of the vote "Expenses of the Volunteers.'

Government House, Hongkong, 7th December, 1896.

The Committee agreed to recommend that the above vote be passed.

BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDINANCE TO APPLY A SUM NOT EXCEEDING TWO MILLIONS THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-NINE THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-NINE DOLLARS TO THE PUBLIC SERVICE OF THE YEAR 1897.

The various items in the above Bill were considered separately, and the Committee agreed to recommend that the Bill be passed by the Legislative Council.

The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council on the 14th December, 1896.

Read and confirmed on the 3rd May, 1897.

J. G. T. BUCKLE, Acting Clerk of Councils.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART.

Chairman.

HONGKONG.

FINANCIAL RETURNS FOR THE YEAR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

143

No. 11

96.

No. 14.

SIR,-I have the honour to transmit the following returns :-

1. Revenue and Expenditure for the year 1895.

TREASURY, 19th March, 1896.

2. Comparative Statement of Revenue and Expenditure for 1894 and 1895. 3. Return of Deposits not available.

Do.

Advances Outstanding.

Do.

Assets and Liabilities, 1895.

Do.

Public Works Extraordinary chargeable against the Loan.

7. Statement of Expenditure from the Praya Reclamation Fund.

I have the honour to be,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&C.,

&'c.

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Treasurer.

REVENUE.

COLONY OF HONGKONG. COLONY

RETURN OF REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE DURING THE YEAR ENDED

Amount Total Estimated. Revenue.

More than Less than Estimated. Estimated.

EXPENDIT:

LIGHT DUES,

LICENCES AND INTERNAL REVENUE NOT OTHERWISE SPE-

$ 96,000

$ C. 107,315.91

$ C. 11,315.91

$ C.

CIFIED:-

Arms Ordinance,..

200

230.00

30.00

Assessed Taxes,

Auctioneers' Licences,

Billiard Tables and Bowling Alleys Licences,

Boarding-house Licences,

Boat Licences,..

Cargo Boat Licences,

Carriage, Chair, &c., Licences,..

Chinese Passenger Ships Licences,

Chinese Undertakers' Licences,

Dog Licences,

370,000

404,105.75

31,105.75

1,800

2,100.00

300.00

1,100

1,000.00

100.00

175

2,193.75

2,018.75

5,850

6,123.25

273.25

10,300

11,425.00

1,125.00

40,000

42,308.00

2,308.00

400

325.00

75.00

160

160.00

2,500

2,370.50

129.50

Emigration Brokers' Licences,.. Fines,

1,200

1,000.00

200.00

22,150

36,229.03

14,079.03

Forfeitures,

1,150

4,149.06

2,999.06

***

Hawkers' Licences,

5,200

6,597.00

397.00

...

Junk Licences,

25,000

31,534.50

6,534.50

Marine Store Dealers' Licences,

900

2,745.00

1,845.00

Marriage Licences,........

300

331.00

31.00

►

Money Changers' Licences,

540

535.00

Opium Monopoly,

295,133

295,133.34

.34

Pawnbrokers' Licences,..

39,000

39,000.00

Shooting Licences,

100

110.00

10.00

Spirit Licences,

67,500

65,143.50

Stamps,....

185,000

206,040.48

21,040.48

Steam-Launch Licences,

2,500

1,228.50

2,356.50

1,271.50

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PUR-

5.00

Charge on Account of Public Debt. Pensions,

Governor and Legislature,

Colonial Secretary's Department, Audit Department..........

Treasury,

Public Works Department,. Post Office,

Registrar General's Department,

Harbour Master's Department, Lighthouses,

Observatory,

Stamp Office,

Botanical and Afforestation Depar Legal Departments,

Ecclesiastical,

Education,

Medical Departments,

Magistracy,

Police,

Gaols,...

Fire Brigade,

Sanitary Department, Charitable Allowances, Transport,

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works Recurrent,

POSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID

Bills of Health,

Births and Deaths, Registration of.....

2,200 110

1,932.00 102.15

268.00 7.85

Cargo Boat Certificates,

1,600

1,951.00

Cemetery Burials,

600

968.21

351.00 368.21

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

2,200

1,475.60

724.40

Chinese Gazette, Sale of

45.00

5.00

Companies, Registration of

1,200

2,524.25

1.324.25

Convict Labour and other items,

Deeds, Registration of

3,000

4,726.75

1,726.75

Discharge of Crews and Seamen,

7,500

8,622.00

1,122.00

Examination of Masters, &c.,

2,090

2.020.00

...

70.00

Fees of Court,

16,000

16,064.50

Fees on Grant of Leases,

400

$70.00

64.50 470.00

Gaol Expenses,-Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval and Mi-

litary Departments, Seamen and Debtors,.

Gunpowder, Storage of......

Householders, Registration of

3,800 1,200

23,114.52 1,209.25

...

19,314.52

9.25

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

21,000

21,612,25

612.25

Medical Registration Fees,

10.00

Medical Treatment of Patients in the Civil Hospital,

...

Official Administrator and Trustee,......

1,000

Official Signatures,..

300

Printed Forms, Sale of

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for

100 2,520

Queen's College, Fees from Scholars,

Registry Fees,

300

5,552.88 271,00 282.50 2,640.00

...

249.00

4,552.88

29.00

182.50

120.00

51.00

Refund of Police Pay,

Refund Cost of Police and other Stores.......

...

Shipping Crews and Seamen,.

8,500

9,716.40

1,216.40

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

...

Steam-Launches, Surveyor's Certificate,

1,500

1,575.00

75.00

Subsistence Money of Seamen and others in Victoria Gaol,

***

Survey of Steam-Ships,

10,000

9,240.21

•

759.79

School for Girls, Fees from Scholars,

...

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,

Trade Marks, Registration of

7,000 900

11,600.00 562.64

4,600.00

337.36

POST OFFICE:-

Postage,.....

185,000

244,449.71 59,449.71

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES :—

Buildings,

360

2,225.80

Cattle Shed....

Laundries,

2,580 330

2,220.00

350.00

1,865.30

...

20.00

...

360.00

Leased Lands,..

200,000

230,803.46

30,803.46

Lands not Leased,

6,088

8,419.01

2,331.01

Markets,

62,000

63,574,35

1,574.35

Picrs,..

3,500

4,367.09

$67.09

Stone Quarries,

15,000

8,100.00

6,900.00

Slaughter House,

40,000

40,440.00

440.00

Sheep and Pig Depôts,

12,000

4,883.80

INTEREST,

30,000

5,936.78

7,116.20 24,063.22

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS:-

Condemned Stores, &c.,

1,000

2,032.35

1,032.35

Interest for use of Furniture at Government House,

150

144.40

5.60

COLONY OF HONGKONG. COLON

JE AND EXPENDITURE DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

Total ced.] Revenue.

More than Less than

EXPENDITURE.

Estimated. Estimated.

Amount Total More than Less than Estimated. Expenditure. Estimated. Estimated.

$ C. 107,315.91

$ c. $ C. 11,315.91

8888888888888888888638888

230.00

30.00

404,105.75

34,105.75

2,100.00

300.00

1,000.00

100.00

2,193.75

2,018.75

Charge on Account of Public Debt,

Pensions,

Governor and Legislature,

Colonial Secretary's Department, Audit Department...

Treasury,

Public Works Department,. Post Office,

$ 114,710

$ C.

110,374.21

$ 4,335.79

94,000

112,776.97 18,776.97

41,339

44,053.36 2,714.36

33,276

33,385.39 109.39

...

10,000

8,678.89

1,321,11

22,700

26,205.04

3,505.04

...

88,696

85,447.66

3,248.34

179,776

194,240.27 | 14,464.27

6,123.25

273.25

Registrar General's Department,

22,333

17,099.41

5,233.59

11,425.00

1,125.00

Harbour Master's Department,

62,321

68,256.24

5,935.24

42,308.00

2,308.00

Lighthouses,

15,388

15,563.34

175.34

325.00

75.00

Observatory,

13,237

13,433.55

160.00

Stamp Office,

4,328

4,027.40

2,370,50

129.50

Botanical and Afforestation Department,

18,770

17,346.83

1,000.00

200.00

Legal Departments,

68,882

78,754.83

9,872.83

36,229.03

14,079.03

Ecclesiastical,

2,200

1,830.00

4,149.06

5,597.00

2,999.06 397.00

Education,

64,170

60,140.24

***

Medical Departments,

65,994

74,291.62 8,297.62

196.55

300.60 1,423.17

...

370.00 4,029.76

...

31,534.50

6,534.50

Magistracy,

25,232

21,413.12

3,818.88

2,745.00

1,845.00

...

331.00

31.00

535.00

295,133.34

.34

•

39,000.00

110.00

10.00

65,143.50

2,356,50

206,040.48 21,040.48

1,228.50

1,271.50

5.00

Police,

Gaols......

Fire Brigade,

Sanitary Department,

Charitable Allowances, Transport,

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works Recurrent,

164,500 170,284.98 5,781.98

227,547

217,451.51

10,095.46

54,951

51,125.66

3,825.34

20,098

17,169.30

2,928.70

74,676

84,082.10

9,406.10

5,200

3,955.16

1,244.84

2,000

4,743.65 2,743.65

150,707

232,243.49

81,536.49

396,000 366,156.71

29,843.29

88388 8888888

1,932.00 102.15 1,951.00 968.21 1,475.60

45.00 2,524.25

...

268.00

7.85

351,00 368.21

724.40

5.00

1.324.25

sen

4,726.75

1,726.75

8,622.00

1,122.00

2.020.00 16,064.50

70.00

870.00

64.50 470.00

...

23,114.52

1,209.25

...

19,314.52 9.25

22 8888 8

...

21,612.25

...

5,552.88 271,00 282,50 2,640.00

249.00

...

612.25

10.00

4,552.88

29.00

...

182.50

120.00

51.00

8 8 8 88

9,716.40

1,575.00

9,240.21

11,600.00 562.64

1,216.40

...

75.00

759.79

4,600.00

337.36

100

244,449.71 59,449.71

.60

2,225.30

1,865.30

2,220.00

360,00

.30

350.00

...

20.00

100

230,803.46

30,803.46

188

8,419.01

2,331.01

000

63,574.35

1,574.35

500

4,367.09

867.09

000

8,100.00

6,900,00

000

40,440.00

440.00

000

4,883.80 5,936.78

...

000

150

2,032.35 144 40

1,032.35

...

7,116.20 24,063.22

5.60

Opium Monopoly,

Pawnbrokers' Licences,.

295,133 39,000

295,133.34

.34

39,000.00

Shooting Licences,

100

110.00

10.00

Spirit Licences,

67,500

65,143.50

2,356.50

Stamps,..

185,000

Steam-Launch Licences,

2,500

206,040.48 1,228.50

21,040.48

1,271.50

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PUR-

POSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID :—

Bills of Health,

Births and Deaths, Registration of..........

2,200 110

Cargo Boat Certificates,

Cemetery Burials,

1,600 600

Chinese Gazette, Sale of

Companies, Registration of

Cemetery Fecs from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

Convict Labour and other items,

2,200 50

1,200

1,932.00 102.15 1,951,00 968.21 1,475,60 45.00 2,524.25

268.00 7.85

351,00 368.21

...

1.324.25

724.40 5.00

...

***

Deeds, Registration of

3,000

4,726.75

Discharge of Crews and Seamen,

7,500

8,622.00

1,726.75 1,122.00

Examination of Masters, &c.,

2,090

2.020.00

...

Fees of Court,

16,000

16,064.50

Fees on Grant of Leases,

400

870.00

64.50 470,00

70.00

Gaol Expenses,-Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval and Mi-

litary Departments, Seamen and Debtors,..

...

Gunpowder, Storage of......

3,800

Householders, Registration of

1,200

23,114.52 1,209,25

19,314.52 9.25

***

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

...

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

Medical Registration Fees,

Medical Treatment of Patients in the Civil Hospital,

Official Administrator and Trustee,.

Official Signatures,.

Printed Forms, Sale of

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for

Queen's College, Fees from Scholars,

Registry Fees,

...

21,000 10

21,612,25

612,25

10.00

1,000

5,552.88

4,552.88

300

271.00

29.00

100

282,50

182.50

2,520

2,640.00

120,00

***

300

249.00

51,00

Refund of Police Pay,

...

•

Refund Cost of Police and other Stores,...

Shipping Crews and Seamen,..

8,500

9,716.40 1,216.40

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

...

Steam-Launches, Surveyor's Certificate,

1,500

1,575.00

75.00

:Subsistence Money of Seamen and others in Victoria Gaol,

Survey of Steam-Ships,

10,000

9,240,21

759.79

School for Girls, Fees from Scholars,

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,

7,000

Trade Marks, Registration of

900

11,600.00 562.64

4,600.00

337.36

POST OFFICE :——

Postage,..

185,000

244,449.71

69,449.71

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES:--

Buildings,

360

Cattle Shed,..

2,580

2,225.30 1,865.30 2,220.00

360.00

Laundries,

330

350.00

20,00

Leased Lands,.

200,000

230,803.46

30,803.46

Lands not Leased,

6,088

8,419.01

2,331.01

Markets,

62,000

63,574,35

1,574.35

Piers,....

3,500

4,367.09

867.09

Stone Quarries,

15,000

8,100.00

6,900,00

Slaughter House,

40,000

40,440.00

440.00

Sheep and Pig Depôts,

12,000

4,883.80

INTEREST,

30,000

5,936.78

7,116.20 24,063.22

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS:—

Condemned Stores, &c.,

1,000

2,032.35

1,032.35

Interest for use of Furniture at Government House,

150

144.40

5.60

Night Soil Contracts,.

23,280

24,690.00 1,410,00

Other Miscellaneous Receipts,

12,000

82,979.88 70,979,88

Profit on Subsidiary Coins,

80,000 152,600.88 72,600.88

...

Tire Drigaue,

Sanitary Department, Charitable Allowances, Transport,

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works Recurrent,

TOTAL, exclusive of Land Sales and Water Account,...$ 1,942,526 2,275,577.69 |377,896.61| 44,844.92

LAND SALES,

WATER ACCOUNT-Ord. 16 of 1890,

61,000 130,471.79 69,471.79

Public Works, Extraordinary,

76,000 80,179.41 4,179.41

...

TOTAL,...

$2,079,526 *2,486,228.89 451,547.81 44,844.92

ΤΟΤΑΙ

* Not including appropriations in aid $49,047.55 which have been deducted from the Expenditure.

Public Works Extraordinary chargeable

Treasury, Hongkong, 18th March, 1896.

}

535.00 295,133.34

5.00

.34

39,000.00

Fire Brigade,

Sanitary Department, Charitable Allowances,

20,098

17,169.30

2,928.70

74,676

84,082.10 9,406.10

5,200

3,955.16

110.00

1,244.84

10.00

Transport,

2,000

65,143.50

2,356,50

Miscellaneous Services,

4,743.65 2,743.65

150,707 232,243.49 81,536.49

206,040.48

21,040.48

Military Expenditure,

396,000

366,156.71

1,228.50

29,843.29

1,271.50

Public Works Recurrent,

164,500

170,284.98 5,781.98

1,932.00

102.15

268.00 7.85

1,951.00

351.00

968.21

368.21

1,475.60

45.00

2,524.25 1.324,25

4,726.75

1,726.75

8,622.00 1,122.00

...

724.40 5.00

2,020.00

70.00

16,064.50

64.50

$70.00

470.00

...

23,114.52 1,209.25

19,314.52 9.25

•

...

21,612,25

5,552.88 271,00 282.50 2,640,00

612.25

...

10.00

4,552.88

29.00

182.50 120.00

•

}

249.00

51.00

...

9,716.40 1,216.40

}

1,575.00

9,240.21

75.00

759.79

11,600.00 562.64

4,600.00

337.36

}

244,449.71

59,449.71

2,225.80

1,865.30

2,220.00

360.00

350.00

20.00

230,803.46

30,803.46

8,419.01

2,331.01

63,574,35

1,574.35

4,367.09

$67.09

8,100.00

6,900.00

40,440.00

440.00

4,883.80

5,936.78

7,116.20 24,063.22

2,032.35

1,032.35

144.40

5.60

24,690.00

1,410.00

82,979.88 70,979.88

152,600.88

72,600.38

2,275,577,69 | 377,896.61| 44,844.92

130,471.79

69,471.79

Public Works, Extraordinary,

80,179.41 4,179.41

2,043,031 2,134,530.96 | 163,518.83

24,670 837,842.05 S13,172.05

72,018.87

*2,486,228.89 451,547.81 44,844.92

TOTAL,..

2,067,701 | 2,972,373.01 976,690.88 72,018.87

d from the Expenditure.

Public Works Extraordinary chargeable against the New Loan, $

318,500

186,970.87

131,529.13

A. M. THOMSON,

Acting Colonial Treasurer.

145

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE OF THE COLON

REVENUE.

INCREASE.

DECREASE.

EXPENDITURE.

Charge on Account of Public Debt,.... Pensions,.

Governor and Legislature,

Colonial Secretary's Department,

Audit Department,

Treasury,

Public Works Department,

Post Office,.

Registrar General's Department,.....

Harbour Master's Department,

Lighthouses,..

Observatory,

Stamp Office,

Botanical and Afforestation Departm

Legal Departments,

Ecclesiastical Department,

Education,

Medical Departments, Magistracy,

Police,

Gaols,...

Fire Brigade,..

Sanitary Department,

Charitable Allowances,

Transport......

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works, Recurrent, Public Works, Extraordinary,

1894.

1895.

LIGHT DUES,

LICENCES AND INTERNAL REVENUE NOT OTHERWISE

92,909.31

$ C.

107,315.91

14,406.60

SPECIFIED :-

Arms Ordinance,..

140.00

230.00

90.00

Assessed Taxes,

394,424.43

404,105.75

Auctioneers' Licences,

1,500.00

2,100.00

9,681.32 600.00

Billiard Tables and Bowling Alleys Licences,

850.00

1,000.00

150.00

Boarding House Licences,

175.00

2,193.75

2,018.75

Boat Licences,

6,151.00

6,123.25

27.75

Cargo Boat Licences,

10,038.00

11,425.00

1,387.00

Carriage, Chair, &c., Licences,

39,436.55

42,308.00

2,871.45

Chinese Passenger Ships Licences,.

260.00

325.00

65.00

Chinese Undertakers' Licences,

160.00

Dog Licences,

2,737.50

2,370.50

367.00

Emigration Brokers' Licences,.

1,200.00

1,000.00

200.00

Fines,

22,055.80

36,229.03

14,173.23

Forfeitures,

8,564.69

4,149.06

4,415.63

Hawkers' Licences,.......

4,723.50

5,597.00

873.50

Junk Licences,

25,147.55

31,534.50

6,386.95

Marine Store Dealers' Licences,

930,00

2,745.00

1,815.00

Marriage Licences,

121.00

331.00

210.00

Money Changers' Licences,

545.00

535.00

10.00

Opium Monopoly,......

340,800.00

295,133.34

45,666.66

Pawnbrokers' Licences,.

14,700.00

39,000.00

24,300.00

Shooting Licences,

130.00

110.00

20.00

Spirit Licences,

49,348.00

65,143.50

Stamps,.

169,039.55

206,040.48

15,795.50 37,000.93

Steam-launch Licences.....

2,785.75

1,228.50

1,557.25

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC

PURPOSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID :-

Bills of Health,.

1,917.00

1,932.00

15.00

Births and Deaths, Registration of..

108.55

102.15

6.40

Cargo Boat Certificates,..

1,786.00

1,951.00

165.00

Cemetery Burials,..

588.35

968.21

379.86

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

1,753.90

1,475.60

278.30

Chinese Gazette, Sale of..

46.00

45.00

1.00

Companies, Registration of

1,220.75

2,524.25

1,303.50

Convict Labour and other items,

3,467.51

3,467.54

Deeds, Registration of

3,016.00

4,726.75

1,710.75

Discharge of Crews and Seamen,

7,772.40

8,622.00

849.60

Examination of Masters, &c.,.

1,832.50

2,020.00

187.50

Fees of Court,

14,643.13

16,064.50

1,421.37

Fees on Grant of Leases,.

605.00

870.00

265.00

Gaol Expenses,-Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval, and

Military Departments, Seamen and Debtors,

900.25

Gunpowder, Storage of

10,214.03

23,114.52

12,900.49

Householders, Registration of

1,229,00

1,209.25

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

8,421.45

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

951.41

19.75 8,421.45 951.41

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

15,028.50

21,612.25

6,583.75

Medical Treatment of Patients in the Civil Hospital,...

15,890.66

Maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse, Contribution

from Chinese Imperial Government towards the...

750.00

Official Administrator and Trustee,.

884,88

5,552.88

4,668.00

Official Signatures,.

257.00

271.00

14.00

Printed Forms, Sale of

133.50

282.50

149.00

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for.

2,520.00

2,640.00

120.00

Queen's College, Fees from Scholars,

Registry Fees,

Refund of Police Pay,

Refund Cost of Police and other Stores,...

11,562.00 353.00 1,628.88

1,187.73

***

11,562.00

249.00

104.00

***

1,628.88

1,187.73

Shipping Crews and Seamen,

8,744.20

9,716.40

972.20

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

891.14

Steam-launches, Surveyor's Certificate.

1,755.00

1,575.00

180.00

Subsistence Money of Seamen and others in Victoria

Gaol,

262.75

...

262.75

Survey of Steam-ships,

9,286.43

9,240.21

46.22

School for Girls, Fees from Scholars,

329.00

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,.

13,250.00

11,600.00

1,650.00

Trade Marks, Registration of

852.30

562.64

289.66

POST OFFICE:--

Postage,

192,172.42

244,449.71

52,277.29

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES:-

Buildings,

1,283.00

2,225.30

942.30

Cattle Shed,

2,580.00

2,220.00

360.00

Laundries,

320.00

350.00

Leased Lands,

228,555.67

230,803.46

Lands not Leased,

7,571,45

8,419.01

Markets,

55,578.81

63,574.35

30.00 2,247.79 847.56 7,995.54

...

Piers,

4,261.29

4,367.09

105,80

Stone Quarries,

15,250.00

8,100.00

...

Slaughter House,..

40,584.00

40,440.00

Sheep and Pig Depôts,

4,883.80

INTEREST,

37,051.95

5,936.78

7,150.00 144.00

31,115.17

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS :—

Condemned Stores, &c.,

1,531.56

2,032.35

Interest for use of Furniture at Government House,.

368.10

144.40

500.79

...

223.70

Night Soil Contracts,

23,280.00

24,690.00

1,410.00

Other Miscellaneous Receipts,

50,428.07

82,979.88

32,551.81

Profit on Subsidiary Coins.

133.824.13

152.600.88

18.776.75

THE REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE OF THE COLONY OF HONGKONG IN 1894 & 1895.

1895.

INCREASE,

DECREASE.

EXPENDITURE.

1894.

1895.

INCREASE.

DECREASE.

$ C.

107,315.91

14.406.60

Charge on Account of Public Debt,. Pensions,.

221,812.64

110,374.21

111,438.43

100,077.28

112,776.97

12,699.69

230.00

90.00

404,105.75

9,681.32

2,100.00

600.00

Governor and Legislature,

Audit Department,

Treasury,

44,401.76

44,053.36

Colonial Secretary's Department,

37,453.04

33,385.39

9,343.39

8,678.89

348.40 4,067.65 664.50

23,287.05

26,205.04

2,917.99

1,000.00

150.00

Public Works Department,

85,956.36

85,447.66

508.70

2,193.75

2,018.75

Post Office...

183,352.15

194,240.27

10,888.12

...

6,123.25

27.75

Registrar General's Department,..

23,185.21

17,099.41

6,085.80

11,425.00

1,387.00

Harbour Master's Department,

60,819.71 68,256.24

42,308.00

2,871,45

Lighthouses,...

14,657.73

15,563.34

7,436.53 905.61

325.00

65.00

Observatory,

13,653.79

13,433.55

160.00

Stamp Office,

4,351.40

4,027,40

220.24 324.00

2,370.50

367,00

Botanical and Afforestation Department,

24,637.21

17,346.83

7,290.38

1,000.00

200.00

Legal Departments,

75,619.30

78,754,83

3,135.53

36,229.03

14,173.23

Ecclesiastical Department,

1,840.00

1,830.00

10.00

4,149.06

4,415.63

Education,

79,262,95

60,140.24

19,122.71

5,597.00

873.50

Medical Departments,

84,143.05

74,291,62

31,534.50

6,3$6.95

2,745.00

1,815.00

331.00

210.00

535.00

10.00

295,133.34

45,666.66

39,000.00

24,300.00

Magistracy,

Police,

Gaols,....

Fire Brigade,.

Sanitary Department,

Charitable Allowances,

22,184.96

21,413.12

9,851.43 771.84

218,208.68

217,451,54

757.14

55,695.29

51,125.66

4,569.63

20,367.72

17,169.30

3,198.42

61,566.36

84,082.10 22,515.74

4,973.47

3,955.16

1,018.31

110.00

20.00

Transport,.

1,927.31

4,743.65

2,816.34

65,143.50

206,040.48

15,795.50 37,000.93

Miscellaneous Services,

277,329.00

232,243.49

45,085.51

Military Expenditure,

381,127.13

366,156.71

14,970.42

1,228.50

1,557.25

Public Works, Recurrent,

155,358.71

170,284.98

14,926.27

Public Works, Extraordinary,

12,503.35

837,842.05

825,338.70

1,932.00

15.00

102.15

6.40

1,951.00

165.00

968.21

379.86

1,475.60

278.30

45.00

1.00

2,524.25

1,303.50

3,467.54

4,726.75

1,710.75

8,622.00

819.60

2,020.00

187,50

16,064.50

1,421.37

870.00

265.00

23,114.52 1,209.25

12,900.49

900.25

...

19.75 8,421.45 951.41

21,612.25

6,583.75

...

15,890.66

750.00

5,552.88

4,668.00

271.00

14.00

282.50

149.00

2,640.00

120.00

11,562.00

249.00

104.00

1,628.88

1,187.73

9,716.40

972.20

891.14

1,575.00

180.00

262.75

9,240.21

46.22

329.00

11,600.00

1,650.00

562.64

289.66

244,449.71

52,277.29

2,225.30

942.30

2,220.00 350.00

360.00

230,803.46

30.00 2,247.79

8,419.01

847.56

63,574.35

7,995.54

4,367.09

105.80

8,100.00

40,440.00

7,150.00 144.00

4,883.80

5,936.78

31,115.17

2,032.35

500.79

144.40

223.70

24,690.00

1,410.00

82,979.88 32,551.81

152,600,88

18,776.75

Shooting Licences,

Spirit Licences,

Stamps...

Steam-launch Licences...

130.00

49,348.00

110.00 65,148.50

20.00

169,039.55

206,040.48

15,795.50 37,000.93

Transport,.

Miscellaneous Services,

2,785.75

1,228.50

1,557,25

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC

PURPOSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID:—

Military Expenditure, Public Works, Recurrent, Public Works, Extraordinary,

Bills of Health..

1,917.00

1,932.00

15.00

Births and Deaths, Registration of.....

108.55

102.15

6.40

Cargo Boat Certificates,.

Cemetery Burials,.

1,786.00 588.35

1,951.00

165.00

968.21

379.86

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

1,753.90

1,475.60

278.30

Chinese Gazette, Sale of....

46.00

45.00

1.00

Companies, Registration of

1,220.75

2,524.25

1,303.50

Convict Labour and other items,

8,467,5+

3,467.51

Deeds, Registration of

3,016.00

4,726.75

1,710.75

Discharge of Crews and Seamen,

7,772.40

8,622.00

849.60

Examination of Masters, &c.,.

1,832.50

2,020.00

187.50

Fees of Court,

14,643.13

16,061.50

1,421.37

Fees on Grant of Leases,.

605.00

870.00

265.00

Gaol Expenses, -Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval, and

Gunpowder, Storage of

Military Departments, Seamen and Debtors,

Householders, Registration of

900.25

10,214.03

23,114.52

12,900.49

1,229.00

1,209.25

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

8,421.45

19.75 8,421.45

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

951.41

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

15,028.50

21,612.25

6,583.75

Medical Treatment of Patients in the Civil Hospital,..

15,890.66

Maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse,-Contribution

from Chinese Imperial Government towards the.....

750.00

Official Administrator and Trustce,......

884.88

5,552.88

4,668.00

Official Signatures,..

257.00

271.00

14.00

Printed Forms, Sale of

133.50

282.50

149.00

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for.

2,520.00

2,640.00

120.00

Queen's College, Fees from Scholars,

11,562.00

Registry Fees,

353.00

249.00

104.00

Refund of Police Pay,

1,628.88

Refund Cost of Police and other Stores,...

1,187.73

Shipping Crews and Seamen,

8,744.20

9,716.40

972.20

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

891.14

Steam-launches, Surveyor's Certificate.

1,755.00

1,575.00

180.00

Subsistence Money of Seamen and others in Victoria

Gaol,

262.75

...

262.75

Survey of Steam-ships,

School for Girls, Fees from Scholars,

9,286.43 329.00

9,240.21

46.22

329.00

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,.

13,250.00

11,600.00

1,650.00

Trade Marks, Registration of

852.30

562.64

289.66

POST OFFICE :-

Postage,

192,172.42

244,449,71

52,277.29

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES:-

Buildings,

1,283.00

2,225.30

Cattle Shed,

2,580.00

2,220.00

Laundries,

320.00

Leased Lands,

228,555.67

230,803.16

Lands not Leased,

7,571.45

8,419.01

Markets,

55,578.81

63,574.35

Piers,

4,261.29

4,367.09

350.00

942.30

...

30.00 2,247.79 847.56

7,995.54 105,80

360.00

Stone Quarries,

15,250.00

8,100.00

...

Slaughter House,..

40,584.00

40,440.00

7,150.00 144.00

Sheep and Pig Depôts,

4,883.80

INTEREST,

37,051.95

5,936.78

31,115.17

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS :-

Condemned Stores, &c.,

1,531.56

2,032.35

500.79

Interest for use of Furniture at Government House,.

368.10

144.40

223.70

Night Soil Contracts,

23,280.00

24,690.00

1,410.00

Other Miscellaneous Receipts,

50,428.07

82,979.88

32,551.81

Profit on Subsidiary Coins,..

18,776.75

TOTAL exclusive of Land Sales & Water Account,.2,129,553.31 |2,275,577.69 286,099.68 140,075.30

133,824.13 152,600.88

LAND SALES,

WATER ACCOUNT,

71,294.38 130,471.79 59,177.41 77,680.56 80,179.41

2,498.85

TOTAL,..............

..$2,278,528.25 *2,486,228.89 347,775.94

140,075.30

TOTA

Deduct Decrease,

Nett Increase,

Treasury, Hongkong, 18th March, 1896.

140,075.30

207,700.64

* Not including Appropriations in Aid $49,047.55 which have been deducted from the E.

110.00 15,143.50

20.00

Transport,..

06,040.48 1,228.50

15,795.50 37,000.93

Miscellaneous Services,

1,927.31

4,143.65

2,816.5±

277,329.00

Military Expenditure,

232,243.49

45,085.51

1,557.25

Public Works, Recurrent,

381,127.13

366,156.71

14,970.42

Public Works, Extraordinary,

155,358.71

170,281.98

14,926.27

12,503.35 837,842.05 825,338.70

1,932.00

15.00

102.15 1,951.00

6.40

165.00

968.21

379.86

1,475.60

278.30

45.00

1.00

2,524.25

1,303.50

3,467.54

4,726.75

1,710.75

8,622.00

849.60

2,020.00

187.50

!6,064.50

1,421.37

870.00

265.00

23,114.52 1,209.25

12,900.49

...

900.25

...

19.75 8,421.45 951.41

21,612.25

6,583.75

15,890.66

5,552.88

4,668.00

271.00

•

750.00

14.00

149.00 120.00

...

11,562.00 104.00

282.50 2,640.00

...

249.00

...

1,628.88

1,187.73

9,716.40

972.20

891.14

1,575.00

180.00

262.75

9,240.21

46.22

329,00

11,600.00

1,650.00

562.64

289.66

'44,449.71

52,277.29

2,225.30

942.30

2,220.00

360.00

350.00

30.00

30,803.46

2,247.79

8,419.01

847.56

63,574.35

7,995.54

4,367.09

105.80

8,100.00

7,150.00

40,440.00

144.00

4,883.80

5,936.78

...

31,115.17

2,032.35

500.79

144.40

223.70

24,690.00

1,410.00

$2,979.88

32,551.81

152,600.88

18,776.75

275,577.69

286,099.68 140,075.30

130,171.79

59,177.41

80,179.11 2,498.85

.486,228.89

347,775.94 140,075.30

TOTAL,.............

140,075.80

207,700.64

2,299,096.00 2,972,373.01

903,580.52.

230,303.51

Deduct Decrease,...........

Nett Increase,

uding Appropriations in Aid $49,047.55 which have been deducted from the Expenditure.

.$ 230,303.51

673,277.01

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

Statement of Deposits not Available received and repaid in the Colony of Hongkong during the year 1895.

By whom deposited.

Outstanding

147

Outstanding

1st January, 1895.

Deposits received during the year.

Total.

Deposits repaid during the

31st Dec.,

year.

1895.

Intestate Estates,.............

.46.08

175.91

221.99

7.25

214.74

Estates of Deceased Policemen,.

169.97

...

169.97

Sikh Police Fund,

3,072.00

489.00

3,561.00

1,683.00

1,878.00

Fine Fund from Police,

148.80

931.59

1,080.39

679.09

401.30

Chinese Recreation Ground Fund,.

720.64

2,008.13

2,728.77

1,888.66

840.11

Tender Deposit Account,

1,570.00

12,750.00

14,320.00

13,150.00

1,170.00

Miscellaneous,

249.94

7,241.45

7,491.39

641.90

6,849.49

5,977.43 23,596.08

29,573.51

18,049.90

11,523.61

Treasury, Hongkong, 13th March, 1896.

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

Statement of Advances made and repaid in Hongkong during the year ended 31st December, 1895.

To whom advaaced.

Outstanding made during

1st January,

1895.

repaid during Balance on Outstanding

1895.

Advances

the year ended

Total.

the

31st Dec.,

ended year 31st Dec.,

31st Dec.,

1895.

Money Order,

Government of Singapore,

16,584.34

198,736.00

215,320.34

192,384.03

(6) 2,741.35

20,194.96

Director of Public Works,

,, Mauritius,

Supreme Court,

Captain Superintendent of Police,

Praya Reclamation, .....

Superintendent, Fire Brigade,

Treasury,

Botanical Department,

208.50 50.00

453.27

661.77 50.00

661.77

49.06

(7)

0.94

100.00

25.00

1,987.99

6,829.94 200.00 1,5000.00

25.00 8,817.93

200.00

1,987.99 200.00

100.00 25.00 6,829.94

1,500.00

500.00

...

230.00

W. Bidgood,.....

55.03

(1)

5.72

60.75

Mrs. Ackers,

350.00

220.00

130.00

C. W. Duggan,.

185.96

(2) 7.10

193.06

P. C. Fiffe,

425.54

208.08

217.46

Postmaster General,

940.05

4,555.56

5,495.61

G. A. Yvanovich,

1,213.45

472.66

740.79

A. Watson,

96.97

364.60

461.57

293.23

168.34

W. M. B. Arthur,

145.45

(3) 0.53

145.98

...

C. C. Bowring,....

624.41.

627.45

(4)

3.04

Crown Solicitor,

Sanitary Department, G. T. O'Brien,

Examination Papers,

A. Chapman,

439.50

4,189.65

577.96

577.97

(5)

0.01 1.29

1.29

1.27

((8) 0.02

927.53

186.42

741.11

21,592.74

220,921.65

242,514.39

213,366.79

29.147.60

(1) $5.72

(6) $2,741,35

(2) 7.10

(3) 0.53

(4) 3.04

5) 0.01

$16.40 Profit in Exchange.

(7)

.94

(8)

.02

$2,742.81 Loss in Exchange.

Hongkong, 18th March, 1896.

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

148

FINANCIAL STATEMENT FOR 1895.

LOAN ACCOUNT.

Dr.

To Inscribed Stock Loan at 3% interest,

Cr.

Sinking Fund. Nil.

to be paid off on the 15th April, 1943,... £341,799.15.1

ASSETS AND

AND LIABILITIES,

ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

ASSETS.

LIABILITIES.

Subsidiary Coins,

573,000.00 Military Contribution,

59,015.44

Deposits not available,..

11,523.61

Deposit in England at call,................

211,334.89 Praya Reclamation Deposit Account,

186,000.00

Do.

Contribution,.....

40,000.00

Balance in hands of Crown Agents,

107,154.69 Refund of Taxes,

3,350.00

Officers' Remittances, not yet paid,

1,274.94

Arrears of Taxes,

1,714.81 Money Orders, not yet paid,.

Transit Charges,.........

5,942.38

4,100.00

Arrears of Crown Rent,

50,002.00❘ Pensions due to Civil Officers,

Do. to Police,

11,780.00

8,750.00

Advances to be recovered,..

29,147.60 Balance overdrawn,

83,243.73

TOTAL LIABILITIES,.

414,980.10

Balance,

557,373.89

TOTAL ASSETS,......$ 972,353.99

Balance of 1893 Loan,.....

Less Balance of Assets and Liabilities,

Treasury, Hongkong, 17th March, 1896.

1895.

$ 972,353,99

.$729,282.28 557,373.89

$171,908.39

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY CHARGEABLE AGAINST THE NEW LOAN.

Central Market,.................

Erection of Queen's Statue,

$34,373.19

Slaughter-House, Sheep and Pig Depôts,

Gaol Extension,

New Water Mains,

Sewerage of Victoria,

Water Supply, Kowloon Peninsula,

Tytam Water Works Extension,

Kowloon Cattle Depôt,......................

Village Water, Drainage and Sewerage Works,...

Treasury, Hongkong, 13th March, 1896.

3,784.60

13,036.79

18,449.02

3,362.57

29,666.63

27,291.09

37,590.09

6,486.86

12,930.03

$186,970.87

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

PRAYA RECLAMATION FUND.

STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

Expenditure in Expenditure in Expenditure in Expenditure in Expenditure in Expenditure in 1890.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

Total

Expenditure.

Estimated

Cost.

Balance to be

spent.

Private Marine Lot Holders.

Section No. 1,

7,128.44

42,019.54

43,791.64

24,984.84

46,758.18

63,318.02

228,000.66

423,260.67

195,260.01

Section No. 2,

55,887.63

34,580.26

49,612.81

35,455.12

36,245.99

6,202.29

217,984.10

251,176.20

33,192.10

Section No. 3,

6,051.44

65,661.55

112,573.89

33,075.47

31,593.99

36,697.68

285,654.02

459,378.56

173,724.54

Section No. 4,

3,113.67

6,552.99

7,019.62

1,822.21

7,063.88

55,691.67

81,264.04

227,392.11

146,128.07

Section No. 5,

5,004.19

9,187.60

14,215.46

3,428.36

14,169.36

8,670.52

54,675.49

310,486.00

255,810.51

Section No. 6,

7,876.47

14,630.92

27,669.30

5,666.04

53,029.15

57,374.26

166,246.14

523,788.69

357,542.46

Section No. 7,

21,788.35

31,817.59

77,925.38

9,600.81

51,701.26

44,549.27

237,382.66

316,268.44

78,885.78

Total,..

$ 106,850.19

204,450,45

332,808.10

114,032.85

240,561.81

272,503.71

1,271,207.11

2,511,750.58

1,240,543.47

Government.

Section No. 4,

Section No. 5,

Section No. 6,

443.53

814.38

1,260.26

303.87

233.81

9,727.49

12,783.34

38,734.40

25,951.06

1,418.47

2,520.24

4,213.30

1,003.11

774.39

1,697.95

11,627.46

84,906.90

78,279.44

Section No. 7,

755.45

32,304.19

1,400.02

2,119.82

544.73

637.44

1,036.00

6,493.46

46,818.00

40,324.54

48,472.28

111,086.04

12,473.23

10,156,55

5,709,57

220,201.86

259,218.77

39,016.91

Total,....

$ 34,921.64

53,206.92

118,679.42

14,324,94

11,802.19

18,171.01

251,106.12

429,678.07

178,571.95

Grand Total,.......

$ 141,771.83

257,657,37

451,487.52

128,357.79

252,364.00

290,674.72 1,522,313.23

2,941,428.65 1,419,115.42

Hongkong, 13th March, 1896.

A. M. THOMSON,

Acting Colonial Treasurer.

149

}

No. 14.

HONGKONG.

FINANCIAL RETURNS FOR THE YEAR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor.

417

No.

TREASURY, 30th June, 1896.

SIR, I have the honour to transmit the following returns:-

* 1. Revenue and Expenditure for the year 1895.

* 2. Comparative Statement of Revenue and Expenditure for 1894 and 1895.

* 3. Return of Assets and Liabilities, 1895.

Do.

Public Works Extraordinary chargeable against the Loan.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

gc.,

$.C.,

fc.

* Amen led.

A. M. THOMSON, Arting Treasurer.

COLONY OF HONGKONG.

RETURN OF REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE DURING THE YEAR ENDED

REVENUE.

Amount Estimated.

Total Revenue.

LIGHT DUES,

LICENCES AND INTERNAL REVENUE NOT OTHERWISE SPE-

CIFIED:

96,000

$ 107,315.91

Arms Ordinance,.

200

230.00

Assessed Taxes,

370,000

404,105.75

30.00 34,105.75

...

Auctioneers' Licences,

1,800

2,100.00

300.00

•

Billiard Tables and Bowling Alleys Licences,

1,100

1,000.00

Boarding-house Licences,

175

2.193.75

2,018.75

Boat Licences,....

5,850

6,123.25

273.25

Cargo Boat Licences,

10,300

11,425.00

1,125.00

Carriage, Chair, &c., Licences,....

Chinese Passenger Ships Licences,

Chinese Undertakers' Licences,

Dog Licences,

40,000

42,308.00

2,308.00

400

325.00

75.00

160

160.00

2,500

2,370.50

129.50

Emigration Brokers' Licences,.. Fines,

1,200

1,000.00

200.00

22,150

36,229.03

14,079.03

Forfeitures,

1,150

4,149.06

2,999.06

Hawkers' Licences,

5,200

5,597.00

397.00

Junk Licences,

25,000

31,534.50

6,534.50

Marine Store Dealers' Licences,

900

2,745.00

1,845.00

Marriage Licences,

300

331.00

31.00

Money Changers' Licences,

540

535.00

5.00

Opium Monopoly,

295,133

295,133.34

.34

Pawnbrokers' Licences,..

39,000

39,000.00

...

Shooting Licences,

100

110.00

10.00

Spirit Licences,

67,500

65,143.50

2,356.50

Stamps,...

185,000

206,040.48

21,040.48

Steam-Launch Licences,

2,500

1,228.50

1,271.50

More than Less than Estimated. Estimated.

C. $ C.

11,315.91

100.00

EXPENDIT

Charge on Account of Public Debt Pensions,

Governor and Legislature,

Colonial Secretary's Department, Audit Department,..........

Treasury,

Public Works Department,. Post Office,

Registrar General's Department,

•

Harbour Master's Department,

Lighthouses,

Observatory,

Stamp Office,

Botanical and Afforestation Depar

Legal Departments,

Ecclesiastical,

Education,

Medical Departments,

Magistracy,

Police,

Gaols,......

Fire Brigade,

Sanitary Department, Charitable Allowances, Transport,

Miscellaneous Services,. Military Expenditure, Public Works Recurrent,

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PUR-

POSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID :-

Bills of Health,

Births and Deaths, Registration of...

2.200 110

1,932.00

102.15

268.00 7.85

Cargo Boat Certificates,

1,600

1,951.00

Cemetery Burials,

600

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

2,200

968.21 1,475.60

351.00 368.21

724.40

...

Chinese Gazette, Sale of

45.00

5.00

Companies, Registration of

1,200

2,524.25

1,324.25

Convict Labour and other items,

Deeds, Registration of

3,000

4,726.75

1,726.75

Discharge of Crews and Seamen,

7,500

8,622.00

1,122.00

Examination of Masters, &C.,

2.090

2.020.00

70.00

Fecs of Court,

16,000

16,064.50

Fees on Grant of Leases,

400

870.00

64.50 470.00

Gaol Expenses,-Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval and Mi-

litary Departments, Seamen and Debtors,...

Gunpowder, Storage of......

3,800

Householders, Registration of

1,200

23,114.52 1,209.25

19,314.52 9.25

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

21,000

21,612.25

612.25

Medical Registration Fees,

10.00

Medical Treatment of Patients in the Civil Hospital,.

...

Official Administrator and Trustee,..

1,000

5,552.88

4,552.88

Official Signatures,..

300

Printed Forms, Sale of

100

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for

2,520

271.00 282.50 2,640.00

29.00

182.50 120.00

Queen's College, Fees from Scholars,

Registry Fees,

300

249.00

61.00

Refund of Police Pay,

...

Refund Cost of Police and other Stores,..

Shipping Crews and Seamen,.

8,500

9,716.40 1,216.40

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

Steam-Launches, Surveyor's Certificate,

1,500

1,575.00

75.00

Subsistence Money of Seamen and others in Victoria Gaol,

Survey of Steam-Ships, .

10,000

9,240.21

759.79

School for Girls. Fees from Scholars,

...

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,

7,000

Trade Marks, Registration of

900

11,600.00 562.64

4,600.00

337.36

POST OFFICE:—

Postage,..

185,000

244,449.71

59,449.71

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES:-

Buildings,

360

Cattle Shed,.

Laundries,

Leased Lands,.

Lands not Leased,

2,580 330 200,000 6,088

Markets,

62.000

2,225.80 1.865.30 2,220.00 350.00 230,803.46 8,419.01 63.574.35

360.00

20.00

30.803.46

2,331.01

1,574.35

Piers...

3,500

4,367.09

Stone Quarries,

15,000

8,100.00

Slaughter House,

40,000

40,440.00

$67.09

440.00

6,900.00

Sheep and Pig Depôts,

12.000

INTEREST,

30,000

4.883.80 5,936.78

7.116.20 24,063.22

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS:-

1000

0.020 2-

1024 X

COLONY OF HONGKONG.

E AND EXPENDITURE DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

Total

More than Less than

d. Revenue.

$ 107,315.91

Estimated. Estimated.]

ረ.

$ 11,315.91

EXPENDITURE.

Amount Total More than Less than Estimated. Expenditure. Estimated. Estimated.

230.00

30.00

404,105.75

34,105.75

2,100.00

300.00

1,000.00

100.00

2.193.75

2,018.75

Charge on Account of Public Debt, Pensions,

Governor and Legislature,

Colonial Secretary's Department,

Audit Department,........................

Treasury,

Public Works Department,.. Post Office,

114,710

$ 110,374.21

$ C.

$ 4,335.79

94,000

112,776.97 18.776.97

41,339

44,053.36

2,714.36

33,276

33,385.39

109.39

10,000

8,678.89

1,821.11

22,700

26,205.04

3,505.01

88,696

85,447.66

3,248.34

179,776

194.240.27

14,464.27

6,123.25

273.25

Registrar General's Department,

22,333

17,099.41

5,233.59

11.425.00

1,125.00

Harbour Master's Department,

62,321 68,256.24 5,935.24

42,308.00

2,308.00

Lighthouses,

15,388

15,563.34

175.34

325.00

75.00

Observatory,

13,237

13,433.55

196.55

160.00

Stamp Office,

4,328

4,027.40

300.60

2,370.50

129.50

Botanical and Afforestation Department,

18,770

17,346.83

1,423.17

1,000.00

200.00

Legal Departments,

68,882

78,754.83

9,872.83

36,229.03 14,079.03

Ecclesiastical,

2,200

1,830.00

370.00

4,149.06

2,999.06

Education,

64,170

60,140.24

4,029.76

5,597.00

397.00

Medical Departments,

65,994

74,291.62 8,297.62

31,534.50

6,534.50

Magistracy,

25,232

21,413.12

3,818.88

2,745.00

1,845.00

Police,

227,547

217,451.54

10,095.46

331.00

31.00

Gaols,...

54,951

51,125.66

3,825.34

535.00

5.00

Fire Brigade,

20,098

17,169.30

2,928.70

295,133.34

.34

Sanitary Department,

74,676

84,082.10 9,406.10

39,000.00

110.00

65,143.50

Charitable Allowances,

5,200

3,955.16

1,244.84

10.00

Transport,

2,000

4,743.65 2,743.65

2,356.50

Miscellaneous Services,

150,707

232,243.49 81,536.49

206,040.18 21,040.48

Military Expenditure,

396,000

366,156.71

29,843.29

1,228.50

1,271.50

Public Works Recurrent,

164,500

170,284.98 5,784.98

1,932.00

268.00

102.15

7.85

1,951.00

351.00

968.21

368.21

1,475.60

724.40

45.00

5.00

2,524.25 1,324.25

4,726.75

1,726.75

...

8,622.00 1,122.00

-0

2,020.00

70.00

16,064.50

64.50

870.00

470.00

23,114.52

1,209.25.

19,314.52 9.25

...

21,612.25

612.25

10.00

5,552.88

4,552.88

271.00

29.00

282.50

182.50

2,640.00

120.00

...

249.00

51.00

-0

9,716.40

1,216.40

1,575.00

75.00

•

9,240.21

759.79

...

11,600.00

4,600.00

562.64

337.36

244,449.71 59,449.71

Z z ŏ s š š ŏ8588

2,225.30 1,865.30 2,220.00

360.00

350.00

20.00

00 230,803.46 8,419.01

30,803.46

2,331.01

63.574.35

1,574.35

4,367.09 8,100.00

$67.09

6.900.00

00 40,440.00

440.00

4.883.80

30 5,936.78

7.116.20 24,063.22

- COV

وانات المان بالالبال

Marriage Licences,..

Money Changers' Licences,

Opium Monopoly,

Pawnbrokers' Licences,..

Shooting Licences,

Spirit Licences,

Stamps,..

Steam-Launch Licences,

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PUR-

POSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID :-

5.00

I CO

Gaols,..

Fire Brigade,

Sanitary Department, Charitable Allowances, Transport,

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works Recurrent,

300

540

295,133

39,000

331.00 535.00 295,133.34 39,000.00

...

31.00

.34

100

67.500

185,000

2,500

110.00 65,143.50 206,040.48 1,228.50

10.00

2,356.50

21,040.48

1,271.50

Bills of Health,

Births and Deaths, Registration of..

2.200 110

Cargo Boat Certificates,

Cemetery Burials,

1,600 600

1,932.00 102.15 1,951.00

268.00 7.85

351.00

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

2,200

968.21 1,475.60

368.21

Chinese Gazette, Sale of

Companies, Registration of

1,200

45.00 2,524.25

724.40 5.00

1,324.25

Convict Labour and other items,

...

Deeds, Registration of

3,000

4,726.75

1,726.75

Discharge of Crews and Seamen,

7,500

8,622.00

1,122.00

Examination of Masters, &c.,

2.090

2,020.00

70.00

Fees of Court,

16,000

16,064.50

64.50

Fees on Grant of Leases,

400

870.00

470.00

Gaol Expenses,-Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval and Mi-

litary Departments, Seamen and Debtors,..

Gunpowder, Storage of......

3,800

Householders, Registration of

1,200

23,114.52 1,209.25

19,314.52

9.25

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

...

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

Medical Registration Fees,

Medical Treatment of Patients in the Civil Hospital,.

Official Administrator and Trustee,.....

Official Signatures,.................

Printed Forms, Sale of

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for

21,000

21,612.25

612.25

10.00

...

1,000

5,552.88

4,552.88

300

271.00

29.00

100

282.50

2,520

2,640.00

182.50 120.00

...

300

249.00

51.00

Queen's College, Fees from Scholars,

Registry Fees,

Refund of Police Pay,

...

Refund Cost of Police and other Stores,....

Shipping Crews and Seamen,.

8,500

9,716.40 1,216.40

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

Steam-Launches, Surveyor's Certificate,

1,500

1,575.00

75.00

Subsistence Money of Seamen and others in Victoria Gaol,

Survey of Steam-Ships,.

10,000

9,240,21

769.79

School for Girls, Fees from Scholars,

...

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,

7,000

11,600.00

4,600.00

Trade Marks, Registration of

900

562.64

337.36

POST OFFICE :—

Postage,......

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES:-

185,000

244,449.71 59,449.71

Buildings,

360

2,225.30 1,865.30

Cattle Shed,..

2,580

2,220.00

360.00

Laundries,

330

350.00

20.00

Leased Lands,.

200,000

230,803.46

30.803.46

Lands not Leased,

6,088

8,419.01

2,331.01

Markets,

62.000

63.574.35

1,574.35

Piers,.

3,500

4,367.09

$67.09

Stone Quarries,

15,000

8,100.00

6.900.00

Slaughter House,

40,000

40,440.00

440.00

Sheep and Pig Depôts,

12,000

4.883.80

INTEREST,

30,000

5,936.78

7.116.20 24,063.22

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS:-

Condemned Stores, &c.,

1,000

2,032.35

1,032.35

Interest for use of Furniture at Government House,

150

144 40

5.60

Night Soil Contracts,

23,280

24,690.00

Other Miscellaneous Receipts,.

12,000

82,979.88

Profit on Subsidiary Coins,

80,000 152,600.88

1.410.00 70.979.88 72,600.88

TOTAL, exclusive of Land Sales and Water Account,...$ | 1,942,526 2,275,577.69 |377,896.61

44,844.92

LAND SALES,

WATER ACCOUNT-Ord. 16 of 1890,

61,000 130,471.79 69,471.79 76,000 80,179.41 4,179.41

Public Works, Extraordinary,

TOTAL,.....

2,079,526 *2,486,228.89 | 451,547.81

44,844.92

TOTA

* Not including appropriations in aid $49,047.55 which have been deducted from the Expenditure.

Public Works Extraordinary chargeable

Treasury, Hongkong, 30th June, 1896.

331.00 535.00

31.00

5.00

295,133.34

.34

39,000.00

110.00

10.00

65.143.50

2,356,50

206,040.48

21,040.48

1,228.50

1,271.50

Gaols,..

Fire Brigade,

Sanitary Department, Charitable Allowances, Transport,

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works Recurrent,

1,932.00

102.15

1,951.00

268.00 7.85

351.00

968.21

368.21

1,475.60

724.40

45.00

5.00

2,524.25 1,324.25

4,726.75

1,726.75

8.622.00

2,020.00

16,064.50

870.00

23,114.52

1,122.00

•

64.50 470.00

70.00

19,314.52

1,209.25

9.25

...

21,612,25

612.25

*10.00

5,552.88

4,552.88

271.00

29.00

282.50

182.50

2,640.00

120.00

249.00

$1.00

9,716.40

1,216.40

1,575.00

75.00

9,240,21

769.79

11,600.00

4,600.00

562.64

337.36

244,449,71

59,449.71

2,225.30

1.865.30

2,220.00 350.00

360.00

20.00

230,803.46

30.803.46

8,419.01

2,331.01

63.574.35

1,574.35

4,367.09

867.09

8,100.00

6.900.00

40,440.00

440.00

4.883.80

6,936.78

7.116.20 24,063.22

2,032.35

1,032.35

144 40

5.60

24.690.00

82,979.88

152,600.88

1,410,00 70.979.88 72,600.88

275,577.69377,896.61

44,844.92

130,471,79 69,471.79

Public Works, Extraordinary,

80,179.41 4,179.41

,486,228.89451,547.81

from the Expenditure.

44,844.92

51,951 51,125.66

20,098

17,169.30

3,825.34 2,928.70

74,676

84,082.10

9,406.10

•

5,200

3,955.16

1,244.84

2,000

4,743.65 2,743.65

150,707 232.243.49 81,536.49

396,000 366,156.71 164,500 170,284.98 5,784.98

29,843.29

2,043,031 | 2,131,530.96 | 163,518.83 72,018.87

24,670

841,626.65 816,956.65

TOTAL,

2,067,701 2,976,157.61 | 980,475.48

72,018.87

Public Works Extraordinary chargeable against the New Loan, $

318,500 183,186.27

135,313,73

A. M. THOMSON,

Acting Colonial Treasurer.

419

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE OF THE COLON

REVENUE.

1894.

1895.

INCREASE.

DECREASE.

EXPENDITURE

200.00

4,415.63

6.40

Charge on Account of Public Debt,.. Pensions,.

Governor and Legislature,

Colonial Secretary's Department,

Audit Department,

Treasury,

Public Works Department,

Post Office,.

Registrar General's Department,..

Harbour Master's Department,

Lighthouses,..

Observatory,

Stamp Office,

Botanical and Afforestation Departn

Legal Departments,

Ecclesiastical Department,

Education,

Medical Departments, Magistracy,

Police, Gaols,.....

Fire Brigade...... Sanitary Department, Charitable Allowances, Transport,.......

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works, Recurrent, Public Works, Extraordinary,

LIGHT DUES,

LICENCES AND INTERNAL REVENUE NOT OTHERWISE

92,909.31

107,815.91

14,406.60

SPECIFIED —

Arms Ordinance,..

140.00

Assessed Taxes,

394,424.43

230.00 404,105.75

90.00

Auctioneers' Licences,

1,500.00

2,100.00

9,681,32 600.00

Billiard Tables and Bowling Alleys Licences,

850.00

1,000.00

150,00

Boarding House Licences,

175.00

2,193.75

2,018.75

Boat Licences,..

6,151.00

6,128.25

27.75

Cargo Boat Licences,

10,038.00

11,425.00

1,387.00

Carriage, Chair, &c., Licences,

39,436.55

42,308.00

2,871.45

Chinese Passenger Ships Licences,

260.00

325.00

65.00

Chinese Undertakers' Licences,

160.00

Dog Licences,

2,737.50

2,370.50

367.00

Emigration Brokers' Licences,.

1,200.00

1,000.00

Fines,

22,055.80

36,229.03

14,173.23

Forfeitures,

8,564.69

4,149.06

Hawkers' Licences,...

4,723.50

5,597.00

873.50

Junk Licences,

25,147.55

31,534.50

6,386.95

Marine Store Dealers' Licences,

930.00

2,745.00

1,815.00

...

Marriage Licences, .

121.00

331.00

210.00

Money Changers' Licences,

545.00

535.00

10.00

Opium Monopoly,....

340,800.00

295,133.34

45,666.66

Pawnbrokers' Licences,.

14,700.00

39,000.00

24.300.00

Shooting Licences,

130.00

110.00

20.00

Spirit Licences,

49,348.00

65,143.50

Stamps,...

169,039.55

206,040.48

15,795.50 37,000,93

Steam-launch Licences...

2,785.75

1,228.50

1,557.25

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC

PURPOSES. AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID :-

Bills of Health...

1,917.00

1,932.00

15.00

Births and Deaths, Registration of..

108.55

102.15

...

Cargo Boat Certificates,.

1,786.00

Cemetery Burials,

588.35

1,951.00 968.21

165.00 379.86

...

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

1,753.90

1,475.60

Chinese Gazette, Sale of..

46.00

45.00

278.30 1.00

Companies. Registration of

1,220.75

2,524.25

1,303.50

Convict Labour and other items,

3.467.51

3,467.54

Deeds, Registration of

3,016.00

4,726.75

1,710.75

Discharge of Crews and Seamen,

7.772.40

8,622.00

849.60

Examination of Masters, &c.,.

1,832.50

2,020.00

Fees of Court,

14,643.13

16,064.50

Fees on Grant of Leases,.

605.00

870.00

187.50 1,421.37 265.00

Gaol Expenses,-Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval, and

Military Departments, Seamen and Debtors,

900,25

900.25

Gunpowder, Storage of

10,214.03

Householders, Registration of

1,229.00

23,114.52 1,209.25

...

12,900.49

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

8,421.45

...

19.75 8,421.45

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

951.41

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

15,028.50

21,612.25

6,583.75

Medical Treatment of Patients in the Civil Hospital,....

15,890.66

Maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse,--Contribution

from Chinese Imperial Government towards the...

750.00

Official Administrator and Trustee,..

884.88

5,552.88

4,668.00

Official Signatures,..

257.00

271.00

14.00

Printed Forms, Sale of

133.50

282.50

149.00

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for.

2,520.00

2,640.00

120.00

Queen's College, Fees from Scholars,

11,562.00

Registry Fees,

353.00

249.00

104.00

...

Refund of Police Pay,

1,628.88

...

Refund Cost of l'olice and other Stores,..

1,187.73

...

1,187.73

Shipping Crews and Seamen,

8,744.20

9,716.40

972.20

Sick Stoppages from l'olice Force,

891.14

...

Steam-launches, Surveyor's Certificate.

1,755.00

1,575.00

180.00

Subsistence Money of Seamen and others in Victoria

Gaol,

262.75

Survey of Steam-ships,

9,286.43

9,240.21

46.22

School for Girls, Fees from Scholars,

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,..

Trade Marks, Registration of

329.00 13,250.00 852.30

329.00

11,600.00

1,650.00

562.64

289.66

POST OFFICE :—

Postage,

192,172.42

244,449.71

52,277.29

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES:

Buildings,

1,283.00

Cattle Shed,

Laundries,

2,580.00 320.00

2.225.30 2,220.00 350.00

942.30

360.00

Leased Lands,

Lands not Leased,

228,555.67 7,571.45

230,803.46

30.00 2,247.79

...

8,419.01

847.56

Markets,

55,578.81

63,574.35

7.995.54

Piers,

4,261.29

4,367.09

105.80

Stone Quarries,

15,250.00

8,100.00

Slaughter House,..

40,584.00 40,440.00

Sheep and Pig Depôts,

4.883.80

4,883.80

INTEREST. .

37,051.95

5,936.78

7,150.00 144.00

31,115.17

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS :—

Condemned Stores, &c.,

1,531.56

2,032.35

500.79

Interest for use of Furniture at Government House,.

368.10

144.40

223.70

Night Soil Contracts,

23,280,00

24,690.00

1,410.00

Other Miscellaneous Receipts,...

50,428.07

82.979 88

32.551.81

HE REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE OF THE COLONY OF HONGKONG IN 1894 & 1895.

1895.

INCREASE.

DECREASE,

EXPENDITURE.

1894.

1895.

INCREASE.

DECREASE.

$ C.

7,315.91

14,406.60

Charge on Account of Public Debt,..

221.812.64

110,874.21

111,438.43

Pensions,.

100,077,28

112.776.97

12,699.69

Governor and Legislature,

44.401.76

44,453.36

230,00

04,105.75

2,100.00

90.00 9,681,32

600.00

Colonial Secretary's Department,

37,453.04

33,385.39

...

Audit Department,

9,343.39

8,678.89

348.40 4,067.65 664,50

Treasury,

23,287.05

26,205.04

1,000.00

150.00

2,917.99

Public Works Department,

85,956.36

85,447.66

2,193.75

508.70

2,018.75

Post Office,.

183,352.15

194,240.27

10,888.12

6,123.25

27.75

Registrar General's Department,.

23,185.21

17,099.41

11,425.00

1,387.00

6,085.80

Harbour Master's Department,

60,819.71

68,256.24

12,308.00

2,871.45

7,436.53

Lighthouses,..

14,657.73

15,563.34

905.61

325.00

65.00

Observatory,

18.653.79

13,433.55

160.00

220.24

2,370.50

367.00

Stamp Office,

4,351.40

4,027.40

324.00

Botanical and Afforestation Department,

24,637.21

17,846.83

1,000.00

200.00

7,290.38

Legal Departments,

75,619.30

78,754.83

36,229.03

14,173.23

3,135.53

Ecclesiastical Department,

1,840.00

1,830.00

4,149.06

10.00

4,415.63

Education,

79,262.95

60,140.24

5,597.00

873.50

19,122.71

Medical Departments,

84.143.05

74,291.62

31,534.50

6,386.95

9,851.43

Magistracy,

22,184.96

21,413,12

2,745.00

1,815,00

771.84

331.00

210.00

535,00

10.00

Fire Brigade,

5,133.34

45,666.66

$9,000.00

24.300.00

110.00

20.00

15,143.50

06,040.48

15,795.50 37,000.93

1,228.50

1,557.25

Police,

Gaols,....

Sanitary Department,

Charitable Allowances,

Transport,.

Miscellaneous Services,

Military Expenditure, . Public Works, Recurrent, Public Works, Extraordinary,

381,127.13

218,208.68

217,451.54

757.14

55.695.29

51.125.66

4,569.63

20,367.72 17,169.30

3,198.42

61,566.36

84,082,10

22,515.74

4,973.47

3,955.16

1,018.31

1,927.31

4,743.65

2,816.34

277,329.00

232.243.49

45,085,51

366,156.71

14,970.42

155,358,71 170,284.98

14,926.27

12,503.35 $41,626,65

829,123.30

1,932.00

102.15

15.00

6.40

1,951.00 968.21

1,475.60

165.00 379.86

278.30

45.00 2,524.25

1.00

1,303.50

...

3,467.54

4,726.75

1,710.75

8.622.00

849.60

2,020.00

187.50

-6,064.50

1,421.37

870.00

265.00

900.25

23,114.52 1,209.25

12,900.49

•

19.75 8,421.45

951.41

21,612.25

6,583.75

16,890.66

750.00

5,552.88

4,668.00

271.00

14.00

282.50

149.00

2,640.00

120.00

...

11,562.00

219.00

104.00

***

1,628.88

1,187.73

9,716.40

972.20

891.14

1,575.00

180.00

262.75

9,240.21

46.22

329.00

1,600.00

1,650.00

562.64

289.66

4,449.71

52,277,29

2.225.30

942.30

2,220.00

360.00

30,803.46

350.00

...

30.00 2,247.79

8,419.01

847.56

33,574.35

7,995.54

4,367.09

105.80

8,100.00

7,150.00

10,440.00

144.00

4.883.80

4,883.80

5,936.78

31,115.17

2,032.35

500.79

144.40

24,690.00

32.979 88

32,551,81

223.70

1,410.00

Pawnbrokers' Licences,..

Shooting Licences,

14,700.00 130.00

39,000.00

24.300.00

Spirit Licences,

49,348.00

110.00 65,143.50

20.00

Stamps,..

169,039.55

206,040.48

15,795.50 37,000.93

Steam-launch Licences..

2,785.75

1,228.50

1,557,25

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC

PURPOSES. AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID:-

Charitable Allowances, Transport,...

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works, Recurrent, Public Works, Extraordinary,

Bills of Health..

1,917.00

1,932.00

15.00

Births and Deaths, Registration of..

108.55

102.15

6.40

Cargo Boat Certificates,.

1,786.00

1,951.00

165.00

Cemetery Burials,

588.35

968.21

379.86

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

1,753.90

1,475.60

278.30

Chinese Gazette. Sale of

46.00

45.00

1.00

Companies. Registration of

1,220.75

2,524.25

1,303.50

Convict Labour and other items,

3.467.51

3,467.51

Deeds, Registration of

3,016.00

4,726.75

1,710.75

Discharge of Crews and Seamen,

7,772.40

8,622.00

849.60

Examination of Masters, &C.,.

1,832.50

2,020.00

187.50

Fees of Court,

•

14,643.13

16,064.50

1,421.37

Gunpowder, Storage of

Fees on Grant of Leases,.

Gaol Expenses,-Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval, and

Military Departments, Seamen and Debtors,

Householders, Registration of

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

605.00

870.00

265.00

900.25

10,214.03

23,114.52

12,900.49

1,229.00

1,209.25

8,421,45

19.75 8,421.45

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

951.41

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

15,028.50

21,612.25

6,583.75

Medical Treatment of Patients in the Civil Hospital,...

15,890.66

16,890.66

Maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse,-Contribution

Official Administrator and Trustee,...

from Chinese Imperial Government towards the...

Official Signatures,

750.00

884.88

5,552.88

4,668.00

257.00

271.00

14.00

Printed Forms, Sale of

133,50

282.50

149.00

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for.

2,520.00

2,640.00

120,00

Queen's College, Fees from Scholars,

11,562.00

Registry Fees,

353.00

249.00

104.00

Refund of Police Pay,

1,628.88

Refund Cost of l'olice and other Stores,..

1,187.73

Shipping Crews and Seamen,

8,744.20

9,716.40

972.20

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

89).14

891.14

Steam-launches, Surveyor's Certificate.

1,755.00

1,575.00

180.00

Subsistence Money of Seamen and others in Victoria

Gaol,

262.75

Survey of Steam-ships,

9,286.43

9,240.21

46.22

School for Girls, Fees from Scholars,

329.00

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,.

13,250.00

11,600.00

Trade Marks, Registration of

852.30

562.64

1,650.00 289.66

POST OFFICE :—

Postage,

192,172.42

244,449.71

52,277.29

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES:

Buildings,

1,283.00

Cattle Shed,.

2,580.00

Laundries,

320.00

2.225.30 2,220.00 350.00

942.30

...

360.00

Leased Lands,

228,555.67

230,803.46

Lands not Leased,

7,571.45

8,419.01

30.00 2,247.79 847,56

Markets,

55,578.81

63,574.35

7,995.54

Piers,

4,261.29

4,367.09

105.80

Stone Quarries,

15,250.00

8,100.00

Slaughter House,...

40,584.00

40,440.00

7,150.00 144.00

Sheep and Pig Depôts,

4.883.80

4,883.80

INTEREST,

37,051.95

5,936.78

31,115.17

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS :-

Condemned Stores, &c.,

1,531.56

2,032.35

500.79

Interest for use of Furniture at Government House,

368.10

144.40

223.70

Night Soil Contracts,

23,280,00

24,690.00

1,410.00

Other Miscellaneous Receipts,

50,428.07

82.979 83

32,551,81

Profit on Subsidiary Coins,..

133,824.13

152,600.88

18,776.75

TOTAL exclusive of Land Sales & Water Account,.| 2,129,553.31 | 2,275,577.69

286,099.68

140,075.30

LAND SALES,

WATER ACCOUNT,

71,294.38 77,680.56

130.471.79 80,179.41

59,177.41 2,498.85

TOTAL,.....

2,278,528.25*2,486,228.89

347,775.94 140,075.30

Deduct Decrease,

Nett Increase,

Treasury, Hongkong, 30th June, 1896.

140,075.30

207,700.64

* Not including Appropriations in Aid $19,047.55 which have been deducted from the

000.00 110.00 143.50

040.48

24.300.00

15,795.50 37,000.93

Charitable Allowances,

4.973.47

3,955.16

20.00

1,018.31

Transport,.

1,927.31

4.718.65

2,816.34

Miscellaneous Services,

277,829.00

232.243.49

45,085,51

Military Expenditure,

381,127.13

366,156.71

228.50

1,557.25

14,970.42

Public Works, Recurrent,

155,358.71

170,284.98

14,926.27

Public Works, Extraordinary,

12,503.35 $41,626.65

829,123.30

932.00

15.00

102.15

6.40

951.00

165.00

968.21

379.86

475.60

45.00

278.30 1.00

.524.25

1,303.50

3,467.54

.726.75

1,710.75

.622.00

849.60

,020.00

187.50

,064.50

1,421.37

870.00

265.00

900.25

,114.52

12,900.49

,209.25

19.75

8,421.45

951.41

,612.25

6,583.75

15,890.66

750.00

,,552.88 271.00

4,668.00

14.00

282.50

149.00

,640.00

120.00

11,562.00

249.00

104.00

1,628.88

1,187.73

,716.40

,575.00

972.20

891.14

180.00

262.75

1,240.21

46.22

...

329.00

1,600.00 562.64

1,650.00

289.66

1,449.71

52,277,29

2.225.30

942.30

360.00

1,803.46

3,419.01

1,220.00

350.00

...

30.00

2,247.79 847.56

3,574.35

7,995.54

1,367.09

105.80

3,100.00

7,150.00

0,440.00

144.00

...

1.883.80

4,883.80

5,986.78

31,115.17

2,032.35 144.40

1,690.00

500.79

223.70

1,410.00

2.979 88

32,551,81

2,600.88

18,776.75

5,577.69 286,099.68 140,075.30

0.471.79 59,177.41

0,179.41

2,498.85

36,228.89 347,775.94

140,075.30

TOTAL,.....

140,075.30

207,700.64

2,299,096,002,976,157.61 907,365.12

Deduct Decrease,

Nett Increase,

ling Appropriations in Aid $49,047.55 which have been deducted from the Expenditure.

230,303.51

677,061.61

230,303.51

ASSETS.

Subsidiary Coins,

ASSETS AND LIABILITIES,

ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

421

LIABILITIES,

573,000.00 Military Contribution,

Deposits not available,......

59,015.44

11,523.61

Deposit in England at call,.....

211,334.89 Praya Reclamation Deposit Account,

186,000.00

Do.

Contribution,......

40,000.00

Balance in hands of Crown Agents,

107,154.69 Refund of Taxes,

3,350.00

Officers' Remittances, not yet paid,

1,274.04

Arrears of Taxes,

1,714.81 Money Orders, not yet paid,.

5,942.33

Transit Charges,.........

4,100.00

Arrears of Crown Rent,

50,002.00 Pensions due to Civil Officers,

11,780.00

Do. to Police,

8,750.00

Advances to be recovered,.

29,147.60

Balance overdrawn,

83,243.73

TOTAL LIABILITIES,......$

414,980.10

Balance,

557,375.89

TOTAL ASSETS.......$ 972,358.99

Balance of 1893 Loan,.... Less Balance of Assets and Liabilities,

Treasury, Hongkong, 30th June, 1896.

1895.

972,353.99

.$733,006.88 557,873.89

$175,692.90

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer,

PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY CHARGEABLE AGAINST THE NEW LOAN.

Central Market,

Slaughter-House, Sheep and Pig Depôts,

Gaol Extension,

New Water Maius,

Sewerage of Victoria,

Water Supply, Kowloon Peninsula,

Tytam Water Works Extension,..

Kowloon Cattle Depôt,....

Village Water, Drainage and Sewerage Works,

Treasury, Hongkong, 30th June, 1896.

$34,873.19

13,036.79

18,449.02

3,362.57

29,666.62

27,291.09

37,590.00

6,486.85

12,930.03

$188,186.27

A. M. THOMSON,

Acting Colonial Treasurer.

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE ACTING SUPERINTENDENT OF FIRE BRIGADE FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor,

No. 96

FIRE BRIGADE DEPARTMENT,

HONGKONG, 27th January, 1896.

SIR, Herewith I have the honour to forward the annual return of fires and fire alarms for the year 1895.

During six months of the year the supply of fresh water was cut off, being turned on only on an alarm of fire and its use dispensed with as soon as salt water was obtained.

The amount of coal used by the Brigade during 1895 was 29 tons as against 13 in 1894.

The floating fire engine used 191⁄2 tons flushing drains in April, working at fires, (on one occasion for two days at a fire on board the Wandering Jew, American ship) going and coming from shelter at Causeway Bay during typhoon season, and keeping up steam day and night whilst the water was

cut off.

There were 35 fires in 1895 as against 29 in 1894:-

1894.

1895.

No of buildings destroyed

Estimated Damage.

Estimated

Damage.

Wholly.

Partly.

Wholly.

Partly.

$323,650

$ 297,980

and one Ship damaged by fire.

There were 87 incipient fires in 1895 as against 106 in 1894.

Damage.

1894.

$8,432.50

1895.

$788.25

List of places where Fire Despatch boxes are located and copy of Mr. KINGHORN's report on the state of the Engines attached.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

WM. C. H. HASTINGS, Acting Superintendent, Fire Brigade.

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

1. No. 1 Police Station.

List of places where Fire Despatch Boxes are located.

2. Engine House in Wanchai Road.

3. Engine House in Albany Street. 4. Royal Naval Yard.

5. Government Offices.

6. Government House.

7. House No. 7, Queen's Gardens. 8. Clock Tower.

9. Central Fire Brigade Station (4). 10. Central Police Station.

11. No. 9 Police Station.

12. House No. 1 Seymour Terrace. 13. Man Mo Temple.

14. Nam Pak Hong Engine House in Bonham

Strand.

15. Ko Shing Theatre.

16. Government Civil Hospital. 17. No. 7 Police Station.

18. The Gas Works Premises.

WM. C. H. HASTINGS, Acting Superintendent, Fire Brigade.

HONGKONG, 23rd January, 1896.

SIR, I have the honour to forward herewith a report on the state of the Government Fire Engines for the year ending 31st December 1895.

STEAMER No. 1.

(Floating Engine by Merryweather & Sons.)

This Engine has been 28 years in service (the Boiler one year). Since the beginning of the dry season in October last it has been almost continually under steam, and did some hard work at the fire on the Wandering Jew; it has also done some good work by feeding the land engines at several fires, and it is now in good order.

STEAMER No. 2.

(Land Engine by Shand & Mason.)

This Engine has been 17 years in service and is now stationed at Wanchai; it has been regularly tested at the monthly drills for drivers, and is now in good working order.

STEAMER NO. 3.

(Land Engine by Shund & Mason.)

This Engine has been 17 years in service. It has been mostly kept as reserve and used in relieving the other engines when required. It is now in good working order.

STEAMER No. 4.

(Land Engine by Shand & Mason.)

This Engine has been 14 years in service. In the month of April last, while working at a fire in Queen Street the top of the discharge air-vessel was fractured and had to be renewed, the time occupied by the repairs was three days.

Since then it has done good service at fires and is now in good working order.

STEAMER No. 5.

(Land Engine by Shand & Mason.)

This Engine has been 10 years in service. It has done some good work during the year, has not been disabled at a fire and is now in good working order.

The Assistant Engineer and Drivers have given every attention to their duties.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable W. C. H. HASTINGS, R.N.,

Acting Supt., Govt. Fire Brigade.

JOHN W. KINGHORN, Engineer, Govt. Fire Brigade.

No.

DATE.

TIME.

INCIPIENT FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1895.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

ESTIMATED

DAMAGE.

CAUSE.

REMARKS.

Jan.

5 a.m.

10.10 p.m.

House No. 24, East Street,

House No. 21, Circular Pathway,

Unknown.

$10

11 p.m.

House No. 11, Old Bailey Street,

دو

4 a.m.

8.45 a.m.

7.55 p.m.

Grass Stack at Stanley,

$50

House No. 134, Third Street,..

Trifling

Chimney on fire.

Unknown.

Accidental.

11.50 p.m.

9 a.m.

House No. 306, Queen's Road West,........ House No. 120, Station Street, Yau Ma Ti, House No. 17, Bulkeley St., Yau Ma Ti, Grass on Hillside near Tin Wan,

Falling of a kerosine lamp.

Accidental.

Unknown.

1 p.m.

Grass on Hillside at Aberdeen,

11 Feb.

6.45 p.m.

House No. 40, Praya Central,...

Trifling

12.30 p.m.

Kennedy's Horse Repository, Causeway Bay,

$40

4 p.m.

House No. 31, First Street,....

7.30 p.m.

Grass on Hillside at Kai Lung Wan,...

Upsetting of a kerosine lamp.

Children playing with fire.

Accidental.

Unknown.

}}

8.30 p.m.

House No. 12, Knutsford Terrace, British Kowloon,.

2 p.m.

Grass on Hillside at Aplichan,

March 3

7.30 a.m.

1.20 p.m.

House No. 37, Station St., Yau Ma Ti,

Accidental.

10.15 a.m.

Grass on Hillside at Little Hongkong, House No. 3, Seymour Terrace,

...

}}

7.30 p.m.

Matshed at Sai Wan Ho,........

22 April 10

6 p.m.

Grass on Hillside near Shek 0,

Grass on Hillside at Little Hongkong,

3 p.m.

Grass on Hillside at Stanley,

1.30 p.m.

3.30 p.m.

Grass on Hillside near Tung Lo Wan, Grass on Hillside at Coffee Plantation,

10.45 p.m.

Matshed at Quarry Bay,.

$230

وو

9.30 p.m.

House No. 2, Cochrane Street,

May

5.15 a.m.

House No. 145, Winglok Street,

$100

7.5 p.m.

2.30 p.m.

House No. 376, Queen's Road West,. House No. 4, Tai Wo Street,

2 p.m.

9 p.m.

as as a 20 0

June

9.30 p.m.

4.30 a.m.

Grass on Hillside at Tai Tam Tuk, House No. 50, Wellington Street, Kitchen of No. 197, Queen's Road West, House No. 19, Sai Wo Lane,

...

6.30 p.m.

House No. 141, Winglok Street,

$10

10 p.m.

وو

Midnight.

House No. 233, Queen's Road Central, Matshed No. 20, Ho Mun Tin, Yau Ma Ti,

Trifling

Unknown,

388

38 July

8.45 p.m.

House No. 378, Queen's Road Central,....

2.30 a.m.

House No. 122, Queen's Road East,

Trifling

Unknown.

Overheating of flue.

Upsetting of a lantern.

Unknown.

Burning of joss paper while worshipping at graves. Unknown.

Chimney on fire.

Unknown.

Upsetting of a kerosine lamp.

Accidental.

Unknown,

Sparks from the chimney of adjoining kitchen. Sparks from a candle,

Carelessness with a lighted cigar,

Incendiarism,

Unknown,

..་

Sparks from the adjoining cook-house,

A large number of trees destroyed. False alarm.

A number of hemp bags damaged. Insured in Northern Fire Insurance Office for $4,000.

Some clothes caught fire.

One tin of kerosine was found on the roof of the matshed and one on the ground floor of the shed apparently having been fired by a slow match. A man named Lam Pat was badly burnt about the face and body. One man and one woman were arrested in connection with this case. Man got 2 years hard labour and the woman was discharged.

Some mat bags took fire in the back part of the shop.

Insured in the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha Co. for $1,500.

65:

No. DATE.

TIME.

INCIPIENT FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1895,-Continued.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

ESTIMATED

DAMAGE.

CAUSE.

REMARKS.

25.

وو

10.50 p.m.

40 | July 24

2.45 a.m.

House No. 203, Queen's Road West, House No. 15, Western Street,

House No. 40, Winglok Street,

7.30 a.m.

House No. 76, Praya East,

12.15 a.m.

House No. 371, Queen's Road Central,

O AAR BA

Aug.

1 a.m.

6.30 p.m.

A pile of shavings at No. 33, Centre Street,.. House No. 254, Queen's Road West,

$20

دو

3.30 p.m.

Partition of No. 6, Possession Street,

Trifling

19 10 p.m.

House No. 15, Hillier Street,

49 Sept.

7.10 p.m.

Bedding, and curtain at No. 13, Elgin Street,

$10

11.15 p.m.

House No. 185, Queen's Road Central,

0800 80 000

222 2

10 10.20 p.m.

4 a.m.

First floor of No. 8, Leung Ü Fong,

Bed curtains at No. 44, Station Street,

3.30 p.m.

The ends of the beams of roof of No. 246, Queen's Road West,

AAAA

2222

20 10.20

Oct. 6

7 p.m.

8.30 p.m.

5.30 p.m.

p.m.

House No. 1, Tak Hing Alley,

Trifling

Mosquito curtain at No. 20, Pokfulam Road,

$1.50

Accidental,

House No. 14, Gage Street,

...

Cotton screen at No. 42, Second Street,

11.30 p.m.

2.10 a.m.

Partition of cook-houses Nos. 83 & 85, High Street,..

Wharf,

223328

8 p.m.

"Fairlea," Bonham Road,

Nov.

11.30 a.m.

4 p.m.

House No. 30, Cross Street,

4 a.m.

6.20 p.m.

Cargo boat No. 172, Victoria Harbour,

House No. 201, Hollywood Road,

10.45 p.m.

House No. 51, Queen's Road East,

Trifling

88 38

22 83

11.15 p.m.

11.30 a.m.

"Hang Fa Lau" No. 325, Queen's Road Central, House No. 89, Wanchai Road,

Child playing with fire,

A matshed at To Kwa Wan,

$10

Burning of joss paper,

Dec.

11.45 a.m.

6.10 p.m.

5.5 p.m.

Chimney at Hongkong Dispensary, House No. 50, Queen's Road West, House No. 57, Queen's Road East,

Ignition of soot,..............

Trifling

Attempted arson,

Sparks from cook-house,

On board the marriage boat No. 1,526, off Yau Ma Ti

Grass on the Hillside near Wanchai Gap,

75 cents.

Accidental.

Carelessness with joss sticks,

Overheating of chimney, Explosion of kerosine lamp,.

Chimney on fire,

Falling of a kerosine lamp, Accidental,.

Overheating of an oven, Chimney on fire,

Chimney on fire,

Child playing with fire, Unknown,

Accidental,.

Exploding of a kerosine lamp. Unknown,

Child playing with fire, Faulty cooking arrangement,

Bursting of a kerosine lamp, Unknown,

Sparks from chimney,

Extinguished

McEwen.

Sanitary

Extinguished by the inmates.

Inspector

Extinguished by Police Sergeant-Major and inmates.

The Brigade turned out, and it was extin- guished by firemen.

Extinguished by occupants. Extinguished by Police.

Extinguished by Police Sergeant 80 Moffatt. Extinguished by inmates.

Extinguished by Chinese Constable 311 and occupants.

Put out by inmates.

Put out by Police and occupants. Extinguished by the occupants.

Extinguished by Police and Water Boat.

Extinguished by Police and coolies. Extinguished by Police and inmates. Extinguished by occupauts.

Extinguished by occupants.

Extinguished by occupants and Chinese Constable 179.

Extinguished by occupants and Police. Extinguished by occupants and Police Con-

stable 50.

Extinguished by Police Sergeant 17 and

villagers.

Extinguished by firemen. Extinguished by inmates.

Trifling

Unknown.

Some shavings on the roof caught fire through sparks falling on them from a neighbouring flue. Igniting of a small quantity of kerosine thrown on the cook-house floor. Spontaneous combustion,

...

Incendiarism,

No insurance effected.

A quantity of paper saturated with kerosine and a bundle of matches were found under the cockloft stairs-also a rope had been made fast to the verandah of 1st floor as a means of escape. Five men were arrested for the offence but were discharged.

No. DATE.

TIME.

INCIPIENT FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1895,—Continued.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

ESTIMATED

CAUSE.

DAMAGE.

Trifling

Sparks from cook-house,

Accidental,..

Unknown, ....

Worshipping at graves,

Carelessness with lighted tobacco.

Unknown.

Falling of a lamp, .

Unknown,

Burning of joss paper. Unknown,

REMARKS.

Extinguished by inmates. Put out by Police and inmates. Put out by Police and coolies.

A large number of trees were damaged.

Insured in the Queen Fire Insurance Co. for $5,000.

A number of trees were damaged.

Extinguished by Police Sergeant 80 and a gang of coolies.

Put out by Police.

Put out by Police and inmates.

One man was arrested for the offence but was discharged.

Chimney on fire,

Accident with a lamp. Attempted arson,

Chimney on fire.

WM. C. H. HASTINGS, Acting Supt., Fire Brigade.

23460K 80

72 Dec. 10

House No. 2, Cameron Villas,

9.40 p.m.

House No. 112, Shau Ki Wan,

Noon.

Grass on the Hillside above Aberdeen Road,

3 p.m.

8 p.m.

Grass on Hillside above Shallow Water Bay, House No. 10, Graham Street,

...

12.20 p.m.

9 p.m.

Grass above Kennedy Road, House No. 11, D'Aguilar Street,

$100

288

2 p.m.

10.20 a.m.

23 2.15 p.m.

Grass on Hillside at Stanley Military Cemetery, House No. 305, Queen's Road West,....... Grass on the Hill above the Pokfulam Conduit,

* * * * * *

8.30 p.m.

5 p.m.

A shed on the foreshore at Mong Kok Tsui, Grass on the Hillside at Aplichau,.

$100

Unknown.

6.45 p.m.

House No. 32, Bonham Strand,.

3.15 a.m.

House No. 46, Wanchai Road,

3.30 p.m..

House No. 12, West Street, .........

7.45 p.m.

House No. 354, Queen's Road West,.

FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1895.

No. of

BUILDINGS

DESTROYED

ESTIMATED

DAMAGE.

CAUSE.

REMARKS.

Upsetting of a kerosine lamp,

Upsetting of a kerosine lamp, $9,000 Bursting of a kerosine lamp, $1,000 Unknown,

Insured in the Office of Messrs. Schellhass & Co. for $10,000.

Insured in the China Fire Insurance Com- pany for $12,000.

Insured in the Office of Messrs. Carlowitz & Co. for $1,500.

Insured in the Office of Messrs. Schellhass & Co. for $9,000.

Insured in the Northern Assurance Com- pany for $5,000.

No.

DATE.

TIME.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

Wholly. Partly.

Jan. 6

7.45 p.m.

9.30 p.m.

House No. 230, Queen's Road Central,.

$6,000

House No. 4, Wellington Street,

$4,000

Unknown,

وو

5.45 p.m.

House No. 189, Queen's Road Central,.

$2,000

6.45 p.m.

House No. 15, Mercer Street,..

1222222

9 p.m.

House No. 337, Queen's Road West,.

FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1895,-Continued.

No. of

BUILDINGS

No.

DATE.

TIME.

SITUATION OF FIRE.

DESTROYED

EstimateD

DAMAGE.

CAUSE.

REMARKS.

Wholly. Partly.

Feb. 6

9.15 p.m.

House No. 73, Bonham Strand,

$6,000

Falling of a kerosine lamp,

1 a.m.

House No. 149, Queen's Road Central, .......

$30

Unknown,

March 2

1.20 p.m.

House No. 3, Wai Tak Lane,.

$200

6.40 p.m.

House No. 228, Queen's Road West,.

7 p.m.

House No. 7, Li Shing Street,

8 p.m.

House No. 96, Bonham Strand,

Unknown.

8.30 p.m.

House No. 212, Queen's Road West,.

$3,000

2.50 a.m.

House No. 352, Queen's Road Central,

$5,000

Accidental,

14 April 6

3.25 a.m.

House No. 1, Queen's Street,

$5,000

Unknown,

12 Noon

House No. 144, Queen's Road West,.

...

$3,000

7 p.m.

House No. 34, Bonham Strand,

...

$1,000

....

18 June 14

10.15 p.m.

3.05 a.m.

House No. 19, Jervois Street,

House No. 76, Jervois Street,

19 July 29

4.50 a.m.

House No. 84, Winglok Street,

12.30 a.m.

House No. 3, Station Street,

21 Aug.

1 a.m.

House No. 70, Jervois Street,

Not known.]

$5,000

$800

Unknown,

$22,000

22❘ Sept.

3.45 a.m.

House No. 4, Praya Central, premises of Messrs.

Wieler & Co., .

$100

'""

કં

8.30 a.m.

House No. 12, Nullah Terrace, Quarry Bay,

Oct.

12.50 a.m.

House No. 169, Hollywood Road, .................

...

$700

$3,000

Ignition of joss paper,

$12,000 Falling of a kerosine lamp,

$3,000 Unknown,

Exploding of a kerosine lamp,.

Falling of a kerosine lamp,

$12,000 Unknown, .....................

Bursting of a kerosine lamp,

Insured in the Office of Messrs. Schellhass & Co. for $10,000.

Insured in the North German Fire Insur- ance Company for $6,000.

Not insured.

Insured in the Office of Messrs. Schellhass & Co. for $4,000.

Insured in the Office of Messrs. Sander & Co. for $2,000.

Insured in the Office of Messrs. Schellhass & Co. for $4,000.

Insured in the Japan Insurance Company for $3,000 and also in the North Insu- rance Company for $3,000.

Insured in the Sun Fire Insurance Com- pany through Messrs. Siemssen & Co. for $5,000.

Insured in the Hamburg Fire Insurance Company for $6,000.

Insured in the Office of Messrs. Sander & Co. for $5,000.

Insured in the Hamburg Fire Insurance Company for $2,000 and in the Northern Assurance Company for $1,800.

Insured in the Sun Fire Insurance Com- pany for $14,000.

Insured with Hamburg Fire Insurance Com- pany of 1877, through Messrs. Reuter, Brocklemann & Co. for $14,000.

Insured in the North German Lloyd for $5,000.

No insurance effected.

Insured in Hamburg Brewin Fire Office for $12,000.

Insured in Sun Fire Insurance Office for Not insured.

[$3,500.

Covered by insurance.

No.

DATE.

TIME.

FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1895,- Continued.

No. of

BUILDINGS

SITUATION OF FIRE.

DESTROYED

ESTIMATED

DAMAGE.

Wholly. Partly.

$500

Unknown.

$100

CAUSE.

REMARKS.

$150,000

$6,000 Accident with a lamp,

$200

Ignition of dry grass,

$25

$8,000 Unknown,

$15,000 Exploding of a kerosine lamp,

$4,000 Overheating of a furnace,

Insured in the Chun On Insurance Office for $2,000.

Insured in Boston for $35,000.

Insured for $2,000 with the South British Insurance Company and for $2,200 with Straits Insurance Company.

16 pigs were burnt to death.

A few trees scorched near the hut.

Insured with Messrs. Siemssen & Co. for $11,600.

Insured with Messrs. Sander & Co. and Carlowitz & Co. for $14,000 and $1,500 respectively.

Insured at Messrs. Siemssen & Co. for $4,000.

Carelessness with a lighted candle,... Insured in the Hongkong Fire Insurance

$5,325

$5,000 Upsetting of a kerosine lamp,

Company, Messrs. Jardine, Matheson & Co., Agents, for $5,000.. Insured with Messrs. Siemssen & Co. for $3,000.

Oct.

8.20 p.m.

Matshed at Quarry Bay,

11.15 p.m.

House No. 149, Queen's Road Central,

288

12.45 a.m.

American ship Wandering Jew, Victoria Harbour,...

...

Nov. 21

7.35 p.m.

House No. 111, Praya West,

Dec.

11.15 p.m.

A matshed at Kun Chung,

4.30 p.m.

A squatter's hut on the Hillside at the back of Shaukiwan Station,

1 a.m.

House No. 110, Praya West,

1 a.m.

House No. 247, Queen's Road Central,

1.35 a.m.

House No. 285, Queen's Road Central,

وو

245

3888

309

6 p.m.

1.10 a.m.

Houses Nos. 347 & 349, Queen's Road West,

House No. 40, Queen's Road West,

WM. C. H. HASTINGS, Acting Supt., Fire Brigade.

HONGKONG.

REPORT

OF THE

COMMITTEE

APPOINTED BY

HIS EXCELLENCY SIR WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Hongkong and its

Dependencies, and Vice-Admiral of the same,

TO ENQUIRE INTO THE QUESTION

FLOGGING IN VICTORIA GAOL.

TOGETHER WITH THE

EVIDENCE TAKEN BEFORE THE COMMITTEE,

AND OTHER APPENDICES.

HONGKONG:

PRINTED BY NORONHA & Co., GOVERNMENT PRINTERS.

1896.

SIR,

HONGKONG, 8th July, 1896.

The undersigned, who were appointed a Committee to inquire into flogging at Victoria Gaol, have the honour to present the subjoined report.

2. The scope of the Committee was to inquire generally into the manner in which floggings are administered in the Gaol and especially as regards the cases of two prisoners No. 528 and No. 704, and further to offer any suggestions concerning the modification or improvement of the system of flogging at present in force in the Gaol.

3. The Committee met on ten occasions, and examined the following witnesses whose evidence is appended, viz. :-

LAU KAU,

Mr. CRAIG,

Dr. MARQUES,

Dr. BELL,

Mr. WILKINSON,

Mr. NOLAN,

Mr. THOMSON,

Mr. LETHBRIDGE,.......

Dr. AYRES,

.late prisoner No. 528;

...Chief Warden;

.....late Gaol Surgeon;

..Assistant Surgeon in charge of Gaol ; ..Gaol Hospital Warder;

.Head Turnkey;

.....late Acting Superintendent of Gaol ;

...Superintendent of Gaol ;

...Colonial Surgeon.

4. It will be convenient to divide the report into separate portions dealing with the following matters :--

I. The Rules under which floggings and other punishments may be imposed. II. The cases of prisoners No. 528 and No. 704.

III. The general question of flogging.

IV. Suggestions and observations.

RULES.

5. (i) The Rules dealing with Prison Offences and Punishments are Rules 266 to 279 inclusive published in the Government Gazette of 31st October, 1891. (ii) After a careful perusal of these rules and after a close examination of Messrs. THOMSON and LETHBRIDGE, the Committee are of opinion that these rules are not so expressed as to be easy of construction.

(iii) The inquiry reveals that both the Superintendents who have been examined have put a broad construction upon the words "any act of insubordi- "nation requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means which occur in Rule 274; and the Committee are not prepared to say that such a construction is unwarranted.

(iv) It appears that it has been usual to construe the words just quoted as vesting the Superintendent with the powers of ordering a flogging for repeated refusal to labour. Whether this construction is right or wrong depends entirely on the construction to be placed upon the wording of Rule 272, which--so far as is necessary for the present purpose--reads thus:"The Superintendent may deprive any prisoner of his evening "meal for persistent and aggravated idleness, or refusal to labour."

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART Lockhart,

Colonial Secretary,

&C.,

&c.,

&c.

[ii]

If the words "persistent and aggravated" are to be taken as qualify- ing

"refusal to labour" as well as "idleness,

idleness," the Committee are of opinion that repeated refusal to labour could not be visited with flogging under Rule 274, but that, if "refusal to labour" is not qualified by the adjectives "persistent and aggravated," the Superintendents were within their powers in ordering floggings for repeated refusal to labour. (v) The Committee are further of opinion that, if the Government is advised that the phraseology of Rule 272 excludes repeated refusal to labour from the operation of Rule 274, it is desirable to include this offence amongst those punishable under Rule 274.

(vi) Though the Committee cannot agree with the proposition that the words any act of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extra- ordinary means" which occur in Rule 274 embrace "persistent and aggravated idleness" under Rule 272, yet they think that these words may be wide enough to include any repetition of the offences classified in Rule 270, other than those for the repetition of which punishinent is already provided under Rules 272 and 274, notwithstanding that the special mention in Rule 274 of special classes of offences set forth in Rule 270 for the repetition of which special punishment is provided in Rule 274, seems to indicate that repetition of offences not so mentioned is excluded from the operation of Rule 274.

(vii) We consider that the words "any offence" near the beginning of Rule 275 are vague and should be replaced by more specific terms. They clearly do not cover the same ground as the words "any offence" in the second branch of the rule; if "any offence" in the second branch includes "any act of insubordination" in Rule 274 and the words "any act of insubordina- tion" are to bear the liberal interpretation which has hitherto been placed on them, the Committee fail to understand to what "any offence" in the first branch of Rule 275 relates.

viii) The Committee consider that Rule 277 should clearly state whether the corporal punishment, allowed by it, may be inflicted by the Superintendent alone or only by him in conjunction with a Visiting Justice.

Strictly construed this rule seems to be in conflict with Rule 274 defining the Superintendent's powers of flogging and with Rule 275 defining the combined powers of the Superintendent and a Visiting Justice.

Moreover, if confined to cases in which the Superintendent alone may inflict corporal punishment, it lends no assistance in the interpreta- tion of the words "any act of insubordination" occurring in Rule 274 because these words are repeated in Rule 277.

(ix) We think that the third section of Rule 277 should be divided into two parts, as in the Convict Prison Orders referred to in Mr. LETHBRIDGE'S evidence otherwise an ambiguity exists as to whether the acts of insub- ordination and gross misconduct referred to are confined to those committed "when under punishment" or not.

(x) Enough has been stated to show that the construction of these rules is not free from doubt; and though we think that the officers responsible for the management of the Gaol would have done well to ask for a declara- tion of the meaning to be placed on certain terms and rules, that the primâ facie uncertainty attending their construction should have led to such action, and that it would have been better under the circumstances to have narrowed than to have widened the scope of certain terms and rules, we do not intend to cast any reflection upon the discretion exercised by such officers in the interpretation of the rules.

•

[iii]

(xi) In conclusion, regarding this portion of the Report, the Committee recom-

mend that the rules under criticism be re-drafted and expressed in such a manner as to leave no room for doubt as to the specific offences for which floggings may be administered either by the Superintendent alone or by the Superintendent in conjunction with a Visiting Justice; and as it is patent that the majority of floggings are inflicted for repeated refusal to labour, the Committee further recommend that the powers of punishment relating to this offence be particularly defined.

CASES OF PRISONERS NOS. 528 and 704.

6. (i) The original medical certificates given in the cases of prisoners Nos. 528 and 704 by the Gaol Surgeon and passing them as fit to receive the floggings to which they had been sentenced are appended (Appendix III.) and appear to be in order.

(ii) In Appendix IV. will be found certified copies put in by Mr. LETHBRIDGE of (a) the Medical Officer's report on passing these prisoners for labour; (b) their medical history; (c) the evidence taken before the second floggings were inflicted; and (d) extracts from the prison punishment book.

(iii) Prisoner No. 528 was flogged with six strokes on 21st April after repeated refusal to labour. After the flogging he was relieved from work for four days and then placed on reduced light labour for a fortnight. He was subsequently put back to No. 1 hard labour but refused to carry stones- an offence for which he was sentenced, after a joint inquiry by the Superintendent and a European Justice of the Peace, to receive twenty- four strokes.

(iv) There is no reason to think that the Medical Officer did not conscientiously believe that this prisoner was fit to receive the corporal punishment to which he was subjected; and we are satisfied that sufficient time had elapsed to allow the injurious effects of the first flogging to disappear before the second flogging was sanctioned; that every medical and surgical attention was paid that, under existing arrangements, could be paid after the prisoner had been flogged the second time; that his wounds were dressed upon his being discharged from Gaol notwith- standing the contrary statement of the prisoner himself, and that the aggravated state of his wounds when he was admitted into the Tung Wa Hospital on 13th May might to some extent be due to his own acts after leaving the Gaol.

(v) As regards prisoner No. 704 who died on the 2nd June in the Gaol Hospital of Septicemia due to wounds caused by flogging (vide Dr BELL'S report in Appendix V.), we find that this prisoner was flogged on 18th May--a week after admission into Gaol--with six strokes for repeated refusal to labour; that he was relieved from work for three days; that he was then put on No. 1 hard labour which he refused to do; that on the 25th May he received twelve strokes, after enquiry by the Superintendent and a Chinese Visiting Justice, for such refusal, and that he was admitted to hospital on the 27th May, suffering from a gluteal abscess.

(vi) We absolve the Medical Officers concerned in the treatment of this prisoner from blame for the fatal result of the case. We believe that the Medical Officer carefully satisfied himself to the best of his ability of the fitness of the prisoner to undergo a second flogging within a week of his first flogging, and that it was not within the prescience of the Medical

[iv]

Officer that either a gluteal abscess would form or that, upon its formation, blood poisoning would supervene. In our opinion the flogging was not the causa proxima, but merely the causa remota of the death of the prisoner.

(vii) Whilst upon these two cases the Committee beg to direct attention to (a) the small percentage of gluteal abscesses resulting from a flogging (see Table in Appendix VI.); (b) the case of prisoner No. 704 being the only known instance of death supervening within a month. of a flogging which seems to point to another cause than that of the flogging as the cause of death; (c) the overcrowded state of the Gaol hospital which increases the chances of contagion and infection and predisposes especially to septic infection; (d) the fact that the Chinese prisoners lie on the floor of the hospital thus exposing themselves to greater chances of infection; and the want of expert attendants which deprives the patients of skilled nursing.

THE GENERAL QUESTION OF FLOGGING.

7. (i) Floggings may be ordered by Courts of Justice or by the Superintendent of the Gaol, or by him in conjunction with a Visiting Justice.

(ii) In Appendix VII. will be found a collation of the law which confers on the Judges and Magistrates powers of ordering flogging. By Rule 274 of the Prison Rules and Regulations published in Government Gazette of 31st October, 1891, the power of the Superintendent alone to order flogging for certain offences is limited to twelve strokes, and by Rule 275 the conjoint power of the Superintendent and of a Visiting Justice to order flogging for the same offences, if occurring in a graver form, is limited to thirty-six strokes in the case of an adult and twelve strokes in the case of a juvenile.

(iii) All floggings must be administered on the breech with a rattan of an

approved pattern.

(iv) Two rattans are in vogue particulars of which are as follows:---

weight.

Rattan for adults,......... 4 oz. Rattan for juveniles,...... 2,

length.

46 ins.

circumference.

13 ins.

(v) Floggings are administered by two European officers of the Gaol staff selected for the purpose, and we have no reason to take exception to the manner in which these men perform their disagreeable duty.

(vi) We are deeply impressed with the necessity for vesting the Superintendent with independent powers of flogging for the reasons subjoined :-

(a) Because prompt punishment is, in our experience, the most

efficacious way of dealing with Chinese.

(b) Because there are but few, if any, persons of leisure in the Colony to whom resort could be had on every occasion on which it might be necessary to inflict a flogging.

(c) Because it would be an undue hardship upon busy commercial men to require their attendance at a fixed hour every day- as might be the case-to inquire into the conduct of, and to inflict punishment upon, prisoners.

[v]

(d) Because it would not be satisfactory, on obvious grounds, that

the services of an Official Visiting Justice should be sought to assist a brother officer in assessing the punishment for a prison offence.

(e) Because, owing to the large number of committed offences which incur flogging, it would be most inconvenient to adopt the English practice of holding over inquiries till the weekly visit of the Justices which is in the nature of a surprise visit. (ƒ) Because, if the practice of holding over the cases were adopted, the check on prison officers supposed to be exercised by the visit of the Justices for the week would vanish, and because the inquiry would consume the better part of a working day.

(g) Because it is dangerous, in dealing with Asiatics, to give them grounds for thinking that any officer has incurred the dis- pleasure of his superiors: better dismiss the officer and maintain a wholesome system than retain the officer and weaken his position by abandoning that system.

(h) Because, if the power of flogging vested in the Superintendent is not maintained, the Chinese will erroneously ascribe the cur- tailment or abolition of the power to their past persistent refusal to labour, and will persist in refusing to labour in the future in the hopes of again obtaining an amelioration or repeal of the punishments to which they would be subject.

(vii) Had abuses resulted from the power possessed by the Superintendent, we think it highly probable that such abuses would have attracted the atten- tion of the weekly Visiting Justices; but we are unaware that any protest or comment by them on the subject is extant.

(viii) Whilst strenuously urging the preservation of the present power of the Superintendent in respect to flogging, we see no objection to the substi- tution of a birch for the rattan, and recommend that an experiment in this direction should be made, as we are not sure that the effects of the rattan on a Chinaman may not in some cases be more far reaching than the purely punitive effect striven after.

(ix) It follows from our views as to the arming of the Superintendent with independent flogging powers that we are a fortiori in favour of the main- tenance of flogging to be inflicted by order of the Superintendent and a Visiting Justice; but in this connexion we think that, if the rattan is retained, the maximum number of strokes to be inflicted at one time should not exceed twenty in any case, and we are further strongly of opinion that a system of fewer strokes more frequently imposed would prove a greater deterrent than the present system. If this view be adopted it would be necessary to amend the law conferring on Judges and Magistrates the power of ordering corporal punishment.

(x) We see no reason why it should not be made a duty of the Superintendent to attend in person at all floggings, as it is the duty of the Governor of an English gaol to do.

(xi) The Committee recommend that provision should be made for retaining in hospital until his wounds are healed, any prisoner laid up in consequence of a flogging whose time for discharge from Gaol falls due before he is fit to be discharged from hospital; such retention should be optional with a prisoner and in the discretion of the Medical Officer.

[vi]

(xii) The Committee fear that the unique consequences of the juxtaposition of this Colony to the mainland of China and the Province of Kwang Tung are not always present to the minds of those responsible for regulating the criminal population in our midst.

One consequence alluded to is this, that Hongkong is the resort of Chinese fleeing from justice as administered in China-the authors of pira- cies and armed robberies who do not scruple to repeat their crimes within British jurisdiction and constitute a leaven full of active permeating evil qualities. If to this is added the presence of numerous clans speaking different dialects and ready to defend an injury to one of their numbers by armed force, it is palpable that there are elements of danger and dis- order rife in this Colony which are probably without parallel elsewhere. Suppose that England herself were on the very borders of a country unable to control its wilder spirits and inhabited by segregated clans of varying forms of speech, and that her population consisted for the most part of an overflow of the people from the adjoining country, the regulation and punishment of such alien incursionists would take some abnormal form. And if the imprisoned portion of this alien body had been convicted of offences attended with violence, or, when in gaol, refused obedi- ence to the regulations intended to make their incarceration a deterrent from crime, we venture to say that there would be no hesitation in resorting to the only form of punishment, viz., flogging, which would be efficacious, and that the power of ordering this punish- ment would be entrusted to a limited extent to the head officer when he is made responsible for the maintenance of strict discipline, when swift punishment is the most respected and when the invocation of other counsels is for certain reasons a hardship on the consulted.

press upon the Government our views in this regard, and trust that no action will be taken to introduce here a system prevalent else- where simply because this is a British Colony and without very careful regard to the local circumstances of the Colony.

SUGGESTIONS AND OBSERVATIONS.

8. To sum up, the Committee are of opinion-

(i) That the hospital accommodation is grossly inadequate (see Appendix VIII. as to dimensions of wards), that the hospital attendants are not suited by training for their duties and that their hours of duty are excessive ;

(ii) That flogging in the Gaol should under no pretence be dispensed with, and that, in particular, the withdrawal from the Superintendent of his present power of ordering corporal punishment is to be strongly deprecated;

(iii) That a birch might be substituted for the rattan in the case of floggings ordered by the Superintendent, but that the rattan should not be abolished in other cases, it being left to the discretion of the Judges, Magistrates and the Superintendent acting in concert with a Visiting Justice, to decide whether the rattan or the birch should, with the sanction of the Medical Officer, be used in any given case;

(iv) That the number of strokes with a rattan should not exceed twenty at one

time in any case;

(v) That a system which would admit of the ordering of more floggings and fewer strokes is preferable to the present system which admits-in most cases of only one flogging with a large number of strokes;-

[vii]

(vi) That in particular the Superintendent in conjunction with a Visiting Justice should have power in aggravated cases to order two floggings fifteen strokes each as a maximum with an interval of not

of, say,

less than a lunar month between each flogging;

(vii) That definite intervals should be fixed which must elapse before one flog-

follow upon another flogging, e.g.:-

ging may

First flogging.

Interval.

6 strokes.

10 days.

21 days.

&c.

12 strokes.

&c.

with liberty to the Medical Officer to extend the interval if necessary;

(viii) That prisoners sentenced by Judges and Magistrates to be flogged at the end of their term of imprisonment should receive their punishment not later than twenty-one days prior to the date of their discharge from Gaol;

(ix) That all floggings are administered only after proper medical examination and certification of fitness; are inflicted by authorised instruments and in

other way every

in accordance with the Gaol regulations;

(x) That prisoners receive due attention from the Medical Officer after a

flogging;

(xi) That the death of prisoner No. 704 within eight days after receiving the second flogging, though greatly to be deplored, was not directly due to the flogging he received, but was probably due to causes over. which, under existing arrangements, the Medical Officer had no control

(xii) That the blood poisoning which caused the death of prisoner No. 704 might have been the result of the absorption of germs whilst under treatment in the overcrowded and cramped hospital;

xiii) That this case, being the first fatal case within living memory, goes to establish the conclusion that flogging with the rattan is not a punishment peculiarly perilous in its infliction on Chinese;

(xiv) That in the case of prisoner No. 528, there is sufficient ground for con- cluding that the aggravated state of his wounds might have been caused to some extent by his own conduct after his discharge from Gaol, and no sufficient ground for concluding that it was solely due to the manner in which he was flogged; nor do we think that the flogging- even if it did produce such results-must of necessity have been a brutal flogging;

(xv) That the formation of gluteal abscesses is a rare exception and a mere

accident, not a necessary consequence, of a flogging;

(xvi) That the rules and regulations governing prison offences and punish-

ments require to be re-drafted;

(xvii) That any misinterpretation of these rules and regulations that may have occurred is due to the difficulty attendant on the construing of them ;

(xviii) That this misinterpretation, if any, has not been confined to the Super- intendent, but has been shared in by the majority of the Visiting Justices;

(xix) That for any such misinterpretation, no blame attaches to either the

Superintendent or the Visiting Justices;

[viii]

(xx) That a flogged prisoner whose wounds are unhealed at the date of his

discharge from Gaol should have the option of remaining in the Gaol - hospital or of being treated in the Government Civil Hospital;

(xxi) That the latter alternative is the preferable one, because it will relieve

the congested state of the Gaol hospital;

(xxii) That prisoners sentenced for felony and for the graver misdemeanours such as perjury, certain assaults, false pretences, etc., to a term of imprisonment exceeding six months, should be liable to have their queues cut off for repeated offences in Gaol, provided that no queue shall be cut off within the three months next preceding the date of discharge from Gaol ;

(xxiii) That it is advisable that the evidence in all cases of inquiry preceding the infliction of any punishment or at least in cases in which the Superin- tendent, either by himself or in conjunction with a Justice of the Peace, orders flogging, should be taken on oath and in writing, and kept on record;

(xxiv) That the absence, so far as is known, of any protest by the Visiting Justices against either the power of the Superintendent or of the Super- intendent and a Justice of the Peace to order floggings, or the mode in which that power is exercised, indicates that the system in vogue, if not directly approbated, has not been reprobated by the Visiting Justices;

(xxv) That this acquiescence on the part of the Unofficial Visiting Justices indicates that the leading business men in the Colony are not opposed to the continuance of the present methods ;

(xxvi) That there is nothing in the physique of an ordinary Chinaman to unfit

him to bear a flogging;

(xxvii) That this conclusion is strengthened by the fact that castigation in severer forms, viz., by the use of a bamboo and of a wooden stick, is com- monly practised on the mainland of China;

(xxviii) That the number of floggings is no indication of an unusual exercise by the Superintendent of his power to flog, but rather points to the frequent unruly behaviour of the prisoners and is a reason for preserving to the Superintendent his present power;

(xxix) That the proportion of floggings to prisoners in Gaol, which for the past ten years has varied from 1 in 25 to 1 in 10 shows that the number of floggings is relatively small and that the number of prisoners flogged is relatively still smaller if it be recollected that it often occurs that the same prisoner is flogged more than once;

(xxx) That the abnormal ratio of 1 in 10 attained in 1895 is shewn by Mr.

THOMSON'S evidence to have been due to an abnormal state of things; (xxxi) That the occurrence of such a state of things and the possibility of its recurrence strengthen the plea that it would be unwise to divest the Superintendent of his present summary powers of ordering a flog- ging;

(xxxii) That the worse behaviour of Chinese prisoners here compared with the behaviour of prisoners in English gaols as testified to by Mr. CRAIG, Chief Warden, who has had experience of both classes of prisoners, accounts for any difference in the ratio that may exist in the case of Home prisons and in the case of the local prison;

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(xxxiii) That the treadinill as already provided for in the Rules should be resorted

to as a form of hard labour;

(xxxiv) That a fresh rattan should be used at every flogging;

(xxxv) That the Magistrates should have extended powers of ordering floggings up to twelve strokes, in lieu of other forms of punishment, in cases of larceny, assaults, riotous and disorderly conduct, etc., etc.

9. Annexed to this Report will be found the Evidence taken by the Committee and a number of other Appendices.

We have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servants,

T. SERCOMBE SMITH.

W. C. H. HASTINGS.

J. M. ATKINSON.

With reservations set out on next page.

[x]

RESERVATIONS BY DR. ATKINSON.

1. Referring to paragraph 7, sub-section ix, and paragraph 8, sub-sections iv. and vi., I am of opinion that no flogging should exceed six strokes at any one time. My reason for this is that a greater number is liable to seriously injure the prisoner and incapacitate him from working for a lengthened period, whilst if only six strokes are administered at one time no serious injury can accrue under ordinary circumstances and the culprit will be able to resume the ordinary Prison labour within a day or so of their administration.

2. I am of opinion that paragraph 8, sub-section vii., should be omitted altogether, as it is within the province of the Surgeon to the Gaol to determine when a prisoner is in a fit state to receive a second flogging.

3. I am also of opinion that paragraph 8, sub-section xiv., should be amended as

follows:-

"That in the case of prisoner No. 528, there is sufficient ground for

concluding that the aggravated state of his wounds might have "been caused to some extent by his own actions after his discharge

"from Gaol, and no sufficient ground for concluding that it was

solely due to the manner in which he was flogged.”

J. M. ATKINSON,

Appendix I.

FLOGGING INQUIRY COMMITTEE.

Meeting held at Tung Wa Hospital, 8th June, 1896.

Present: His Honour Mr. T. SERCOMBE SMITH, (Acting Puisne Judge), Chairman.

Dr. J. M. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon.

Absent:-Commander W. C. II. HASTINGS, R.N., Acting Police Magistrate.

LAU KAU-I went to Gaol on 2nd day of 3rd moon, i.e., 14th April, 1896, and went out on 30th day of 3rd moon, i.e., 12th May, 1896.

I was flogged twice.

First flogging was on 21st April, 6 strokes.

Second flogging was on 6th May, 24 strokes.

I was an opium smoker and could not carry stones so I refused to work.

On second occasion I refused again to carry stone and was flogged.

I was examined by doctor on both occasions previously to being flogged.

I was in hospital 3 hours after first flogging and my wounds were dressed.

After second flogging I was in hospital one week.

I came out of Gaol on 12th May.

On 13th May I came into Tung Wa Hospital of my own accord because I could not walk.

I am aged 31.

I began to smoke opium at 15. I smoked over a mace a day.

I was a fish hawker.

I have had good health the last few years. Not been ill since I was a few years over ten years old.

After first flogging I was put on rice and water, but not after second flogging.

My diet after second flogging was better than immediately before it.

I am native of Nam been in prison in China. suppurating wound with

T'au District. Have been in Hongkong 10 years. Never This was my first imprisonment anywhere. (Witness shows slough of size of half a crown on right buttock.)

I counted all the strokes at first flogging.

At second flogging I did not count beyond 7 when I felt faint. I could not shout.

I could not walk to hospital. An Indian carried me.

A doctor was present during second flogging. He did not examine me during the flogging.

I was sent out of Gaol without any dressing on my wounds.

I slept in the street the night of the day I came out of Gaol. I had a plaster put on when admitted to Tung Wa Hospital.

(Spare looking, healthy, good physique.)

(2)

I was on low diet from 22nd to 30th April.

I did not speak to any Chinamen in Gaol who had been flogged.

The first four days after first flogging I picked oakum. On fifth day I got three days rice and water for not completing my oakum task.

After this I picked oakum in morning and carried stones in afternoon. For two days I carried stones in afternoon. I refused to carry stones any longer. I could not do it as I was an opium smoker, my opium craving came on.

I would sooner now do hard labour than get a flogging.

(The witness, on being weighed on Fairbank's scale, scaled 1074 ibs. with clothes.)

Further Meeting held on Monday, 8th June, 1896.

Present:-His Honour Mr. T. SERCOMBE SMITH, (Acting Puisne Judge), Chairman.

Hon. Commander W. C. H. HASTINGS, R.N., Acting Police Magistrate. Dr. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon.

ROBERT HENRY CRAIG examined.

THE CHAIRMAN-You are chief warden at Victoria Gaol ?

WITNESS-Yes.

Q-You have duties connected with floggings?

A-I have.

-What are those duties?

Q-

A-To see that the punishment ordered is carried out.

Q- -You have to be present at the floggings?

A--I have to be present at the infliction of all corporal punishments.

Q-Is the certificate of the doctor given to you?

A-It is given to me personally.

Q-Have you ever conducted any floggings here without that certificate?

A-Never.

Q-When did you come here ?

A-I landed in the Colony on the 9th February, 1895.

Q-Will you describe the way in which floggings are administered, the instruments used, and the way in which prisoners are kept quiet?

A--The prisoners are triced up on the regulation triangle and then fastened at the wrists and round the ankles and with a belt round the body just above the breech.

Q--

--What are the fastenings round the wrists and ankles?

A--The ankles are strapped and the wrists are fastened by a rope run through a pulley. Then the prisoner would be prepared to receive the whipping.

--How is the whipping administered?

A--One of the officers or two--

}

(3)

--Officers selected for the purpose? Always confined to two officers ?

A--They are officers selected and paid by the Government to administer punishment.

Q-Are they Europeans?

A-European officers.

Q--And the surgeon is by the whole time?

•A-The surgeon stands-

Q-Within a few feet?

A-I should say within sixteen feet, but of course it is within his province to go

nearer.

Q-Do you remember any case where the surgeon has interposed in the middle of a flogging?

here.

A-The surgeon has certainly stopped the flogging of one man since I have been

Q-You only remember one man?

A-Only one man since I have been here.

Q-How do the Chinese take a flogging? How do they bear it?

A-They stand it tolerably well, I consider.

Q-Can you remember how many strokes are administered on an average before

a person becomes numbed, so to speak?

A-No, I cannot say a man usually shouts until the last stroke.

Q--He shouts at the beginning and right to the end?

here?

A-Some do and some do not.

Q-You have had experience in England?

A-Yes, fifteen years.

Q-Where did you get that experience?

A-I was at Chatham twelve years and at Portland three years.

Q-How are floggings administered there ?

A-With the "cat" and also with the birch.

Q-Both the "cat" and the birch are used for adults?

A-Yes; there were no juveniles in the prisons where I did duty.

Q-In what capacity were you there?

A-As warder.

Q-In both prisons ?

A-Yes: discipline warder in both.

Q-And they trice the prisoners up there in the same way as they are triced up

A-Exactly, but there they use a steel triangle, and here it is of wood: that is the only difference.

Q-Here they are flogged with a rattan ?

A-Yes, there is no birch used here.

(4)

Q-For what offences do they inflict the "cat" at home?

A-For assaults and general misconduct.

Q-That term is rather vague.

What is its meaning?

A-Creating a disturbance in the prison generally, general misconduct, and refusing

to labour.

Q-Breaches of prison discipline?

A-Yes, they apply the "cat" or birch for that. It is in the discretion of the officer ordering the punishment which he will award.

Q-What punishment is the birch reserved for at home?

A-For minor offences.

Q--How would you describe them?

A-A man tearing up his clothes and breaking cell utensils.

Q-First offences?

A-Those are not necessarily taken into consideration.

Q--How high do the strokes run in England?

A-Thirty-six.

Q-Thirty-six is the maximum for both "cat" and birch?

A-Yes.

Q-And the maximum here is-?

A-Thirty-six also.

-What power has the governor of an English gaol got to order a flogging?

A-No power.

Q-How is it inflicted?

A-By a visiting director.

Q-How often does he go?

A-Once a month.

Q-And the cases are held over?

A-Until the prison is visited by a director.

-One director?

A-Only one.

The directors of home prisons are ex-governors, as a rule.

Q-You have had experience of the effect of the "cat" and the effect of the rattan. Have you ever known a European prisoner thrashed?

A-Yes.

Q-With a rattan ?

A-Yes.

Q-Was he a good healthy man ?

A--I take it he was.

Q-An average man?

A-Yes.

(5)

-How many strokes did he have?

A-Six in both cases; there were two men flogged.

Q-Are you in a position to compare the effect of the rattan and the "cat" upon Europeans?

A-I should think personally, in my own opinion, that the rattan was more severe than the "cat."

Q-Can you give me your reasons for saying that?

A-In a home prison I have not seen a bad result of the “cat.”

Q-I am at present speaking of the Europeans.

A-I cannot speak of the two Europeans because they went out within a few days of receiving the whipping.

Q-Could you judge of the appearance then?

A-No.

Q-You cannot compare the effect of the rattan with the cat-o'-nine-tails upon a European?

A-No, I cannot do that.

Q-Now come to the Chinamen. You have never seen a Chinaman punished with the "cat"?

A-No.

Q-You say that, looking at the effects, you think the effects of the "cat,” even if used upon a Chinaman, would not be so severe as the effects of the rattan ?

A-The flogging of a Chinaman is never administered with a "cat," and taking the Chinaman and the European I should say the rattan is more severe.

Q-You think the rattan is more severe upon a Chinaman then?

A-Yes.

Q-Were you present at the floggings in England ?

A-Not at all of them; some.

-How many-a hundred do you think?

A-I cannot say; I cannot give any number.

-Have you any idea of the proportion of prisoners who are flogged in England?

A-Very few. Perhaps when the visiting director came round there would be two or three cases for corporal punishment, and perhaps there would be none when he

came.

Q-You think the behaviour of the prisoners in an English gaol in better than the behaviour of the Chinese ?

A-Oh, much.

Q—A great deal better ?

A-Oh, much better.

Q-Therefore there is not so much need of inflicting corporal punishment in Eng- land as there is in this Colony?

A-There is not.

}

(6)

Q-How do the English prisoners bear the flogging? Suppose you gave a sturdy Englishman thirty-six strokes with the "cat," what effect would it leave in a case of that kind?

A-I have known men receive thirty-six strokes and not speak, and I have known other men shout before receiving a stroke.

Q-I am speaking of the effects upon the body?

A—I have seen the effects; the flogging leaves marks on the body.

Q-What is the effect of the rattan?

A-In some cases it bruises and in others it cuts through.

Q-Have you ever seen a "cat" cut through the flesh?

A-Yes.

Q-And leave bruises?

A-After the flesh has healed it leaves scars.

Q-What is the difference between the effects of the "cat" and the effects of the

rattan?

A-In what way?

Q-As to the wounds or marks that are left.

A-One is broader, the rattan is much broader.

-And the flesh cut in both cases?

A-In some cases the rattan does not cut.

Q.-According to the severity of the punishment?

A-Yes.

Q-What is done in English prisons after prisoners have been flogged ?

A-They are admitted to the hospital, sometimes.

Q-In the same way as is done here?

A-No; they are not taken to the hospital here.

Q-Not always?

A-No.

Q--Is the practice at home to always admit them to the hospital even if they receive only six strokes ?

A--They never receive so little. They are sent to separate cells and kept there under treatment. It is equivalent to the hospital.

Q--If they have been severely mauled ?

A-Then they are admitted to the hospital.

Q-As the surgeon directs ?

A-Yes.

2-Is-a certificate necessary before the punishment is inflicted?

A-He is certified as fit to be whipped before sentence is passed and again immediately before receiving the whipping.

Q-Then in your opinion the Chinaman stands the rattan a great deal worse than the Britisher stands the cat-o'-nine-tails? That is your opinion?

A-That is my opinion.

(7)

Q-I want to draw your special attention to two cases that have occurred in the Gaol quite recently. The first case is that of a man who gives his name as LAU Kau. He went to Gaol, so I am informed, on the 14th April last. Have you got his record?

A-I have his warrant here. He was admitted to the Gaol on the 15th April.

Q-He might have been remanded. When was he discharged ?

A-He was discharged on the 12th May.

Q-Now that man, I believe, was flogged while he was in Gaol ?

A-He was.

--How many times?

A-Twice.

Q-Can you give me the dates?

A--He was flogged on the 21st April and received six strokes. He was flogged again on the 6th May and received twelve strokes.

Q-You are certain that is correct, twelve strokes? Was it not twenty-four?

A-Pardon me, I have made a mistake. Twenty-four strokes he received. Q-Were you present at the flogging on the 21st April?

A-I was present and saw him flogged.

Q-Was the surgeon present?

A-Yes.

Q-Dr. MARQUES, I suppose ?

A-Yes.

Q-Was the man properly certified as fit to receive the punishment? A-He was examined twice before the flogging was administered. Q-Did you observe how his body looked after the first flogging? A-I cannot call to mind the particular case.

Q-Can you remember whether he was sent to the hospital?

A-He was not.

Q--Was he treated in the cells?

A--He was treated as an out-patient.

Q--Treated in the cells?

A-Yes.

Q-Do you remember whether his buttocks were bruised?

A-That I cannot tell.

Q-You remember his being flogged on the 21st April?

A-He was flogged on the 21st April and treated as an out-patient, and put on no labour for four days. That was extended on the 24th April, and he was put on No. 3 labour with three quarter task for four days.

Q-What was his diet?

A--Ordinary diet.

Q--Do you know what his diet was before the 21st April? A--Ordinary prison diet.

•

(8)

Q---He had not been put on penal diet?

A-He had received three days' penal diet on the 16th.

Q-Do you remember what that was for?

A--Refusing to labour.

Q--At what?

A--Carrying shot and stone.

Q--What led up to his being thrashed on the 6th May?

A--On the 27th the light labour was further extended for one week. That was altogether fifteen days. He was discharged from light labour on the 4th May and he immediately refused to do hard labour.

Q-He was ordered to do hard labour. Did he do it at all?

A--No, he refused.

Q-He objected to carry stone?

A--Yes, and he was brought under report on the 5th and sentenced to twenty-four

strokes?

Q-That was ordered by whose authority?

A-By a Visiting Justice.

Q-Do you remember who the Visiting Justice was?

A-Mr. D. E. BROWN.

Q-Only one Visiting Justice?

A-Yes.

Q-Do you remember being present at the enquiry?

A-I was present at the enquiry.

Q-Between the flogging of the 21st April and the flogging of the 6th May, was this man subjected to any penal diet?

A-Yes, he received two days rice and water for not doing his labour.

Q-Can you give me the dates?

A-On the 28th April.

Q-On the 28th April he was put to rice and water for two days?

A-Yes.

Q-Did he pick oakum after that?

A-He continued picking oakum.

Q-After the 30th ?

A-Yes.

Q-Did you

observe this man after the second thrashing?

A-I did.

Q-Did you observe what effect the thrashing had A-It cut his body in the usual way.

upon

his body?

Q-Was the effect of the thrashing out of the way?

A-Not that I noticed.

(9)

Q-You did not notice the effects of the flogging on that particular occasion?

A-No, I did not.

Q-I think you have already said he was admitted to the hospital on the second occasion?

A-He was admitted to the hospital.

Q-And I suppose he was discharged on the 12th May because his time was up

A-He was discharged on the 12th; his time expired.

Q-There was a second case, warden, in which a man died on the 2nd June. Do you remember that case?

A-I do, Sir.

-What was the name of that man?

A-WONG YAU.

-When was he admitted to the Gaol?

A-On the 11th May.

Q-He was subjected to two floggings, was he not?

A-He was.

-On the 18th and 23rd May?

A-On the 18th May he received the first six.

Q-And on the 23rd he received twelve strokes?

A-He was reported on the 23rd, but not whipped on that day.

-On what day was he whipped?

A-He was whipped on the 25th.

Q-Were you present at both floggings?

A-I was.

Q-What effect did the flogging of the 18th May have on him?

A--Nothing out of the way.

Q--Did it bring blood?

A-I cannot say.

Q-You were also present at the second flogging, I think you said, on the 25th May-within one week of the previous flogging?

A-I was.

Q-What led to the second flogging being inflicted?

A-Insubordination and refusing to do his task.

Q-What task was that?

A-Hard labour.

Q-Oakum picking, is that hard labour?

A-No, shot drill.

Q-Was a Justice present then?

A-Yes.

•

→

( 10 )

“

Q- -What Justice?

A-I cannot say. A Chinese Justice was present.

Dr. ATKINSON-Not at the flogging?

WITNESS-No, at the enquiry.

The Chairman-Did you observe the state of his body when he was triced up at the second flogging?

not?

WITNESS-No, I did not notice anything particular.

Q-This man had only been flogged the week before. You knew that, did you

A-Yes, I knew that.

Q-Did not that lead you to look at the man's condition at all?

A-No, it did not, as a medical officer was present.

Q-Yes, a medical officer was present, but as this man-

A-It has been done in former cases.

Q-You cannot tell me whether you in any way noticed anything about his body?

A-No.

Q-You cannot tell me whether there were any marks of the previous flogging? A-There were marks, but in a sense they would be healed.

Q-I do not want you to speak generally. Do you know whether they were healed?

A-I cannot say for certain.

Q-What was the effect of the second flogging of twelve strokes?

A--Nothing unusual that I noticed.

Q-Of course when they are finished with the flogging they go out of your supervision entirely?

A-Yes.

Q-They are then in charge of the doctor? Now, during the time you have been in this Gaol-a little over a year and getting on for eighteen months-how many cases of death have occurred after a flogging? I do not say as a result of a flogging, but immediately after the flogging was inflicted-a short time after the flogging.

A-This is the first.

Q-With regard to these two men, did their physique attract your attention at all? A-Well, 704 appeared to be-

Q-What did you notice about 704?

A-Perhaps he was not a strong man.

Q-I just want your impression. He did not appear so strong as some men you have seen?

A-No.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-The doctor is present at all the floggings?

WITNESS-Yes, he is present at all the floggings.

Q-You have seen him stop one flogging?

A-One.

( 11 )

Q-Where the man had fainted?

A-The doctor did not consider him sufficiently strong to receive the punishment.

Q-After that did he go on labour again?

A-Yes.

Q-In England the "cat" is used both on the back and on the buttocks?

A-The "cat" on the back and the birch on the breech.

Q-Not used indiscriminately?

A-No.

Q-And the director only has the power to order floggings.

A-The director only.

Q-Chatham and Portland are both convict prisons?

A-Both convict prisons.

Q-And refusal of duty is not uncommon in England?

A-No, it is not uncommon.

Q-It is not so common as it is here?

A-It is not so common as it is here.

Q-Which cuts the worse, the light or the heavy rattan?

A--The light rattan is only used for juveniles and that would affect a tender skin more than the harder skin of a man.

Dr. ATKINSON-There are two rattans used for floggings at the Gaol?

WITNESS-There are three really.

Q- -But are they different in length or weight?

A—Yes, and the pattern was approved by the Government in May, 1892.

Q-Of the three rattans, are two used for adults and one for juveniles?

A-One for adults and two for juveniles.

Q-What is the difference in the weight?

A--An ounce at least, I should think; I have not weighed them. The heavy one

is about 4 ounces, a light one is about 2 ounces, and the other one less.

Q-Have you ever known prisoners at the Gaol being carried away after their floggings?

A-Never.

Q-Have they ever been assisted?

A-In what way?

Q-Could they walk back?

A-I have seen officers at their backs, but never assisting them.

Q-Have

A-No.

you ever heard of any ill effects following flogging at home?

Q-You have never heard of a death as the result of the "cat"?

A-No.

( 12 )

-Does a "cat" cut in the same way as a rattan?

A-I do not think the cuts are so severe.

Q-It does cut the flesh?

A-Yes, it does cut. The birch also is used at home for adults.

Q-For what offences is it used?

A-Minor offences.

Q-Refusing hard labour?

A-Yes, it is used for that, and the "cat" is used for greater offences such as assaults upon officers, &c.

Q-Is the governor present at all floggings in person ?

A-At all floggings.

Q-Is the visiting director a medical man?

A-An ex-governor.

Q-Is he present at the flogging?

A-No.

Q- With reference to the fatal case, the man was flogged first on the 18th May. How many strokes?

A-Six strokes.

Q-And on the 25th?

A-Twelve.

Q-Have you ever seen a prisoner flogged here on the raw surface on the back?

A-No.

Q-As a rule six strokes do not break the skin?

A-In some cases they do, and in others they do not.

Q-It is the exception?

A-No, only the other day Dr. Bell was present when the skin was broken in six strokes in one case, and in the other it was not.

Q-What is the hard labour in the Gaol? Is it more severe here than it is in the convict prisons at home?

A-I think it is worse.

Q-And you think that the Chinese are of worse physique than the convicts in England?

A-Yes, I do.

-What are the tasks?

A-In county prisons, mill and crank labour.

Q-How many revolutions would they do at home?

A-14,500.

Q-And here?

A-12,500.

Q-Less here then?

A-There is a 14 lbs. pressure at home and a 12 lbs. pressure here.

( 13 )

Q-That former of labour is really more severe in England?

A-That form, yes.

-The Visiting Justice is not present here when a flogging is administered?

A-No.

Q-And it is not the rule for the Superintendent to be present?

A-No, it is not.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS --Does a doctor often stop a flogging in England?

WITNESS-Yes, occasionally.

Dr. ATKINSON-You have never known a man faint whilst being flogged?

WITNESS-No.

The CHAIRMAN-It would be rather difficult to tell whether a man did faint, would it not?

WITNESS-There is usually an officer standing beside the man and one at the back.

THE CHAIRMAN-And the man's head would drop if he fainted?

WITNESS-Yes.

Dr. ATKINSON-With reference to the first case of LAU KAU, on the second occasion he received twenty-four strokes.

WITNESS-Twenty-four, yes.

Q-Do you know whether he walked back to the hospital or whether he was assisted back by an Indian ?

A-I cannot say. I have never known a man who was unable to walk back to the hospital.

Q-But still you have seen warders helping a man?

A-They have caught hold of their shoulders as they walked back.

Q-As to the six strokes on the 18th May in the fatal case, was the man admitted to the hospital?

A-He was not.

Q-He was put back to hard labour almost at once?

A-Oh no; he had no work for three days on receiving the six strokes.

Q-Is there any rule in reference to the period Chinamen remain in the hospital ?

A-It is at the discretion of the Medical Officer.

Q-The first man had no work for four days and this man had.

A-The first man had no work for four days and the time was further extended for a week.

Q-Is it the custom sometimes to flog a prisoner just before he is about to leave the Gaol ?

A-That is only under a sentence from the Court.

Q-Of course, you do not know whether any dressing is applied before they leave? A-Yes. When a juvenile is whipped and then discharged the part is dressed. Q-I mean an adult.

A-Yes, it is dressed.

( 14 )

Q-He would not go out of the Gaol with the wound not dressed ?

A-I think he would not.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-They are flogged across both buttocks? WITNESS-Of course.

Q-Do you have a right-handed and a left-handed officer?

A-They are flogged in one way and not crossed. That would not be allowed; it would be an improper way of flogging.

Q-They are not flogged by a right-handed man and then by a left-handed man? A-Not in my experience. I have never known any one flogged in that way. I take it it would be a very severe way of flogging. For instance, eighteen lashes one way and eighteen lashes the reverse way would cut to pieces.

Dr. ATKINSON--What is the maximum number of floggings you have known in a prison at home in one year?

WITNESS-I cannot call to mind. I should say the maximum would be about

twenty.

-What would be the number of inmates?

A-1,800 men, and the power to inflict punishment is a great deal stronger.. You can award a greater punishment to a prisoner at home than you can here.

THE CHAIRMAN-More punishment at home than here? WITNESS-Yes, the governor's power is more extended. Hon. Commander HASTINGS-Except in flogging? WITNESS-With the exception of flogging.

THE CHAIRMAN--I see that besides flogging there are other punishments. An offender might be kept in a punishment cell for not more than three days on bread, or rice and water, or the Superintendent may deprive a prisoner of his pork for not more than four meals at one time. That is rule 271. Is that of any use?

WITNESS --Depriving him of his pork is of no use.

Q--The punishment cell, is that of any use?

A--Yes.

Q-Is it a deterrent ?

A-I am afraid not to a Chinaman.

Q--Another mode is that the Superintendent may deprive any prisoner of his evening meal for persistent and aggravated idleness or refusal to labour. Is that often employed?

A--Only when the prisoner is discharged on the following day.

Q--It would not be employed in the middle of a man's sentence?

A--No.

Q-Rule 273 says "The Superintendent may restrain in cross irons of 10 lbs. weight, or less, or in handcuffs, any disorderly or violent prisoner for not longer than twenty-four hours at one time."

A--That is not in force here.

Q-It is a dead letter? You do not remember during the year or so you have been here that it has been in force?

A-No.

( 15 )

Q-Do

you

think it would be better if it were in force?

A-I think it would be a very good power.

Q-You think it might prevent it being necessary to resort to corporal punish-

ment?

A-I think so.

Q-The deprivation of the evening meal is not resorted to except on the day before a prisoner leaves, and as far as your experience goes the restraining in handcuffs is not resorted to ?

A-Handcuffs yes,

but not the cross irons.

Q-Handcuffs are used?

A-They have been used on two or three occasions.

Q-Are those modes of punishment in vogue in England ?

A-Yes, with violent prisoners.

Q-Do you get a number of violent prisoners here?

A-Yes.

Q-I believe a prisoner forfeits a certain number of marks for a flogging?

A-I believe that has been repealed.

Q-Regulation 321 says: "72 marks for a flogging."

A-That has been repealed.

Q-Do you ever delegate your duties to any one else in case of flogging?

A-No.

Q-You have never asked or obtained leave for anybody else to do that portion of your work?

A-Not since I have been in the Gaol.

Q-Regulation 61 says" The head turnkeys shall especially attend to carrying into effect all orders as to punishments to be inflicted on prisoners."

A-That does not refer to corporal punishments.

Q-"The Superintendent shall deliver daily to the Surgeon a list of prisoners in solitary confinement and also a list of prisoners who have suffered or who are about to suffer corporal punishment." Do you know whether the Superintendent delivers daily to the Surgeon a list of the prisoners who have suffered or are about to suffer corporal punishment?

A--It is delivered by myself.

Q-Do you enter your attendance at all corporal punishments in the "Occurrence Book"?

A-It is entered in the Occurrence Book.

Q-Do you enter it?

A-No, the clerk?

Q-You have to enter the direction of the Surgeon thereon. What does that

mean?

A-It means in the case of the Surgeon remitting part of the punishment.

Q-If the Surgeon sends the prisoner to the Hospital?

A-That would be entered in the house book.

( 16 )

Dr. ATKINSON-Can you suggest any form of punishment in vogue at home that is not in vogue here?

WITNESS-The forms of punishment in vogue at home would not be of much good here because, for instance, a man gets three days No. 1 diet, and the governor has power to give him twenty days No. 2 diet in addition; that would be twenty-three days close confinement. No. 2 diet would be equivalent to the ordinary penal diet here. Then again, for serious breaches of prison discipline a convict is put back on second probation for a period of 9 months and a canvas dress is given to him if he tears his prison dress. That would be a great punishment for a European, but it would be of no use here. For assaults on officers a prisoner is put in irons and a parti-coloured dress, and would probably be flogged. He is put into a cell and he has to put his clothes out every night which is a great annoyance to a prisoner. That is another punishment that is of no use here. Again, an idle prisoner would be deprived of his sleeping coir mattress and hammock and would be obliged to sleep on the floor.

THE CHAIRMAN-The question was, are there any punishments prevalent at home which

you think might with advantage be introduced here?

WITNESS-The only thing I can see is to put prisoners in separate confinement. Dr. ATKINSON-You think that is an advantage?

WITNESS--Yes.

Q-I thought you said just now that it was not.

A-Separate confinement is a punishment.

The CHAIRMAN-In the case of some prisoners the Superintendent, I believe,-I do not know whether it is with the sanction of the Government-has power to cut off the queue of a Chinaman?

WITNESS-I think that is a good thing, Sir-with the express sanction of the

Governor.

Q-Do you remember any case where a Chinaman has had his queue taken off?

A-Not since I have been in the Gaol.

Dr. ATKINSON-Tread-mill?

WITNESS-I think myself that if the tread-mill was substituted for shot and stone drill there would not be so many reports in prison, and also if the prisoners were sent to do outside labour to make the prison self-supporting.

Q-That would necessitate an increased staff?

A-Not a bit. I would undertake to work the prison with the same staff.

Q-You mean a labour gang, do you?

A-Labour gang, yes; and if something else was substituted for shot and stone labour I think it would be better.

Q-You think that is hard work?

A-I do. I think it is terrible work. I do not think it is good work at all.

Q-It is physically hard work, I suppose ?

A-Yes.

THE CHAIRMAN-I think you have been here hardly long enough to offer an opinion on the advisability of cutting off the queue?

WITNESS-I suggested it to the Superintendent the other day myself.

(17)

-What made you suggest it?

A-I think it would be a terror to them.

Q-Why?

A-A Chinaman seems to prize his queue.

Dr. ATKINSON—At home it is customary to cut off the hair, is it not?

THE CHAIRMAN-Do you think there is any moral effect on a Chinaman resulting from the floggings?

WITNESS-I am afraid not.

Q--Do you think a Chinaman would prefer a flogging and retirement in the hos- pital for a few days afterwards to working all that time?

A--I do.

Q-Can you give me your reasons for arriving at that conclusion?

A-We have had men flogged time after time, and I cannot come to any other con- clusion.

Q--Is your reason, that they are well treated in the hospital and get off from hard

labour?

A-Yes.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS--The birch would not lay them up so long?

WITNESS-I have also spoken about the birch.

The CHAIRMAN-The question is, would the birch lay them up so long?

WITNESS-No.

Q-Have the flogging officers here ever lost their temper ?

A-Not to my knowledge.

Q-Do they vary the force of their strokes?

A-I don't think so.

Q-Do they flog with too much force?

A-No there is only one recognised way of flogging.

Q-Do they exert their utmost strength

A-Yes: I would report a flogger if I thought he was lenient.

Q-Have you noticed any difference between the floggers here and the English Convict Prison floggers?

A-Not in the administration of floggings.

Q-Is there anything more you want to tell us?

A-No.

This concluded the examination of the witness.

( 18 )

Meeting held on Friday, 12th June, 1896.

Present: His Honour Mr. T. SERCOMBE SMITH, (Acting Puisne Judge), Chairman.

Hon. Commander W. C. H. HASTINGS, R.N., Acting Police Magistrate.

Dr. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon.

Dr. MARQUES examined.

THE CHAIRMAN-You were surgeon at Victoria Gaol?

WITNESS-I was.

Q-When were you appointed?

A-1st September, 1887.

Q-When did you retire?

A--On the 31st May-on the 1st of this month I should say.

Q-How are floggings at the Gaol administered?

A-With a rattan.

Q-Will you describe the method?

A-The system has changed since Major DEMPSTER's time. Formerly a man who was sentenced by the Superintendent to receive no more than 12 strokes was flogged simply on a verbal certificate of the medical officer. Since Major DEMPSTER'S time-- he established a system of paper-a small paper-for the medical officer to certify if the man is fit to be flogged, and the Superintendent states the number of strokes the prisoner is going to receive. Now, according to a system introduced by Captain LETHBRIDGE, the medical officer has to examine every man who is on morning report for breach of the Gaol discipline to see if he is fit for hard labour or some other kind of punishment, including flogging, and if he is sentenced to be flogged, the medical officer again certifies in a separate paper as to his fitness.

Q-You were present at the floggings, were you not?

A-Yes.

Q-And the floggings are administered with a rattan?

A-With a rattan approved by the Colonial Surgeon.

Q-What is the weight of these rattans?

A-I do not know.

Q--How many sorts of rattan are there?

A-Three.

Q-Do they differ in weight?

A-Yes.

Q-You have served under different Superintendents, I believe?

A--Yes.

Q-Who were they?

A-General GORDON, Major DEMPSTER, and Major CHAYTOR, Mr. MAY, Mr. THOMSON, and Captain LETHBRIDGE.

( 19 )

-Mr. MITCHELL-INNES?

A--Not in my

time.

Q--Mr. FALCOner?

A-No, but Mr. HORSPOOL. When I first joined the Gaol, the Superintendent was Major-General GORDON.

-Have you

noticed any

fluctuations in the number of floggings according to the

person who has been Superintendent?

A-I cannot say on account of the person, but on account of the tasks.

Q-Then you cannot say whether any fluctuation has been due to the character of the Superintendent?

A-No, I cannot do that.

-Can you tell us whether more flogging has been resorted to in one year than in another year?

A-Yes.

Q-Can you give us returns-since 1887-when you went to the Gaol?

A-I can.

(Returns produced vide Appendix vi)

-During your period of service, Dr. MARQUES, do you remember any floggings having been administered without the persons having been previously certified as being fit?

A-No.

Q-Have you always attended when a flogging has been administered?

A-In every case.

Q-After every flogging have you always attended a prisoner until his person was quite healed?

A-Yes. The man is visited every morning by a warder. After a flogging a man gets three or four days with no work to do. Afterwards he is put on light labour for three days or more.

Q-When a prisoner was reported to you as being about to be flogged, did always make a particular examination of him?

A-Yes.

you

Q-What examination did you make?

A-I examined the heart and lungs, and when the flogging was to be severe-- twenty or more strokes-I examined the urine to ascertain if there was any albumen.

Q-Did you examine the surface of the body?

A--Yes.

Q-Did you

A-Yes.

look at the breech to see whether he could stand the flogging?

Q-Did you judge by the physique of the man?

A-Yes.

Q-Have you ever stopped a flogging when it was being inflicted?

A-Yes.

Q-For what reason?

( 20 )

A-Because I thought the man was weak. I was afraid the man would faint as his pulse was getting weak. Then I stopped the flogging and ordered him water and the flogging was continued.

time?

Q-You have ordered the flogging to cease and then it has gone on after some

A-Yes.

Q-When I say have you ever stopped a flogging, I mean have you ever stopped flogging at the end, say, of seven strokes when the flogging ought to have been one of twelve strokes, and not allowed the man to be flogged any longer?

A-Yes.

Q-Many cases of that kind?

A-Not many cases; some cases.

Q-Have you ever seen prisoners faint during a flogging?

A-Almost fainting, they have turned very pale.

Q-Have you ever seen prisoners so injured by the flogging as to be unable to walk back to the hospital?

A-No; all were able to walk more or less.

Q-Do you know of any case where a man has had to be assisted back to the hospital?

A-Sometimes when a flogging has been severe a warder has helped a man to walk by holding his shoulders.

Q-Putting his hands under the man's arm-pits, do you mean that?

A-Yes.

Q-If a prisoner's day of discharge from Gaol fell due when he was still in the hospital, was such a prisoner detained in the hospital?

A--No.

Q--Is such a prisoner offered the chance of staying in the hospital?

A--No; he is recommended to go to an outside hospital.

Q-What hospital?

A-Tung Wa Hospital.

Q-Do you remember any case of a prisoner being discharged without having his wounds dressed?

A-No, the wounds are dressed before a man is discharged.

Q-Now I want you to describe to this Committee the usual effect on a Chinaman of a flogging of, say, six strokes, or twelve, and so on, starting with the six strokes. What is the usual effect-the average effect?

A-Sometimes abrasion of the skin or a cut, and, in some cases, abscesses from six strokes. The effect of flogging varies much according to the person flogged.

Q-How about twelve strokes?

A-An abrasion might be caused.

Q-Eighteen?

A-As a rule bruises are produced.

( 21 )

Q-Twenty-four.

A-The gluteal region gets very much swollen.

Q-Have you ever been present at a flogging of thirty-six strokes?

A-Several times.

-What is the effect in that case?

A-The inflammation is great in the gluteal region and sometimes deep wounds are produced.

-Have you seen any Europeans flogged in Victoria Gaol?

A-Yes.

Q-How are they affected as compared with Chinamen and according to strokes?

A-Just the same.

Q-Same bodily effects?

Q-

A-Yes. I know some Chinese are able to bear more pain than the Europeans. -We will come to that by and by. According to your experience how long time elapses before a Chinaman who receives a flogging of six strokes is fit to receive a severer flogging?

A-One week; it depends. If his skin is not broken and there is no wound, I consider a man is fit after three or four days.

Q-Have you ever sanctioned a second flogging before a wound resulting from the first flogging had entirely healed up?

A-No.

Q-Do you know whether a flogging has taken place under such circumstances?

A-No.

Q-I want you to be careful in answering this question. Has pressure from any source of any kind been brought to bear upon you to sanction a flogging of a prisoner doubtfully fit to bear it, but where misconduct made flogging desirable?

A-No.

-You always acted as a free agent?

A-Yes.

Q-Have your directions respecting the flogging of a prisoner ever been disregarded?

A-No.

Q-Is the Gaol hospital sufficiently supplied with liniments and medicines for curing the wounds?

A-Yes.

-Can you suggest anything that ought to be done in that respect?

A-In regard to the hospital?

Q-No, in regard to the medicine and things in the hospital-things likely to cure.

A-No.

Q-Nothing can be done?

A-No, we have everything we want for our use.

( 22 )

Have any prisoners died within a month of the date of a flogging?

A-No, unless it is, this last case.

Q--I am not speaking of that now.

a month?

A--No.

In your experience a man has not died within

Q-Do you think a flogging by a rattan of the pattern in vogue is too severe for a Chinaman?

A-It is severe-for some it is severe.

Q-What are your reasons for that? Why do you say it is a severe form of punishment?

A-Because of the result produced.

-Can you suggest any mode of regulating the severity?

A-I am not experienced in flogging instruments, but Mr. CRAIG is. A lighter

rattan-

Q-Have you anything to suggest about the make of the rattan?

A---No; perhaps a soft kind-

Q-Would you advise the adoption of the birch?

A-I have had no experience of the birch.

Q-Have you had any experience of the "cat-o'-nine-tails ”?

A-No.

Q-From your observation of the effect of flogging in the Gaol, is it a deterrent or otherwise? Do you consider it would be possible to maintain strict discipline in Gaol if flogging was abolished?

A-To a certain degree; it would be rather difficult if floggings were abolished.

Q-You know the offences for which corporal punishment is inflicted?

A--Yes.

Q-Would you restrict these offences?

A-Yes.

Q-Would you make the offences fewer-you quite understand?

A-Yes.

Q-If you would restrict them, in what direction would you restrict them?

A-Punish them in some other way besides flogging.

Q-I am speaking about the offences. There are certain offences for which corporal punishment may be inflicted. I want to know if you think it would be better to make the offences for which corporal punishment may be inflicted fewer than they are now, i.e., if you think they can be made fewer consistent with strict discipline being maintained.

A-Fewer strokes and they would feel just as much pain.

-Do you think a more frequent resort to the punishment of confinement in a cell with a penal diet; deprivation of the evening meal; or restraint in cross-irons or handcuffs would in any way tend to lessen the cases in which flogging would be necessary?

A-Separate confinement in a dark cell-

( 23 )

Q-What I ask is this. One form of punishment is punishment cell with penal diet. Do you think that is sufficiently resorted to?

A-No, not often.

Q-Another form of punishment is deprivation of the evening meal. Is that sufficiently resorted to?

A-In certain cases yes, but not with all the prisoners.

Q-Is it resorted to often enough?

A-In the case of deprivation of the evening meal it has no effect upon them. In some it does, but not on all.

Q-Now we come to restraint in cross-irons of 10 lbs. or handcuffs.

A-It has been adopted lately.

Q-Is that often used?

A-Lately I believe, but not before.

Q-Do you recommend that that should be used more often?

A-I have no experience. I cannot say.

Q-Do you know on account of what offences floggings are most usually admi- nistered?

A-Yes.

Q-What?

A-Refusal to work on crank.

-Do you know why these people refuse to work?

A-Because the work is monotonous; it is painful work, arduous work.

Q-Suppose you have an opium smoker and the opium craving comes upon him, would he be justified in refusing to do hard labour?

A-That depends. If he looked like an opium smoker I would give him light labour if it was a very bad case.

Q-Suppose he is an opium smoker and suppose you have not found it out, and suppose a man alleges, as his reason for refusing to do hard labour, that he is an opium smoker?

A-He is reported to the Medical Officer of the Gaol and he states why he did not work.

Q-Suppose a man who refused to work gave as his reason for not working that he was an opium smoker, would you consider that a valid reason for not doing his work?

A-No, prisoners have such an excuse every morning.

Q-Do abscesses usually form as the result of flogging?

A-No.

Q-How often have you encountered cases of blood poisoning after flogging?

A-I cannot say about blood poisoning, but often the abscess has taken a long time to heal up; it bursts out again.

Q-Do you remember any case of blood poisoning you have had to deal with as the result of flogging?

you-

A--The term blood poisoning-I do not like to say. Here is a case I might show

Q-Can you answer that question?

( 24 )

A-I cannot say it was blood poisoning. A man after being flogged got a gluteal abscess and then an abcess on the neck. He was a strong man.

Q-My question is this. Have you often come across cases of blood poisoning?

A-No.

Q-How many cases have you come across, generally speaking?

A-All the cases of gluteal abscesses have recovered.

Q-In your opinion are stone carrying and shot drill too hard forms of hard labour for the Chinese?

A-Yes, and for anyone.

Q-Do you know on whose recommendation the present pattern of rattan was approved by the Governor?

A-I believe it was the Colonial Surgeon, but I am not sure.

Q-Has the pattern or the weight of the rattan been altered since you have been in the Government Service?

A--No.

Q--I suppose you see these men at hard labour very often?

A--I do.

Q-Is the kind of hard labour done by Chinamen more or less than a coolie would do in the street?

A--More.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-More continuous, I suppose?

THE CHAIRMAN-How does the Gaol diet for a Chinaman compare on an average with the daily fare of an average Chinaman outside the Gaol?

A--I have been asking a good many Chinese and they say it is poor.

Q--What is your opinion?

A--It is poor.

Q-I am asking you whether it is poorer than the fare of Chinamen outside.

A-Poorer.

Q-Suppose you take the case of a chair coolie. Would his diet outside the Gaol be better than the diet of the same man if he got into Gaol?

A--Yes.

Q--Does penal diet lower the working power of a Chinaman much?

A-In a certain degree it does.

Q-Much?

A-I cannot say, but it does lower it.

Q-Is a Chinaman ever put on hard labour when under penal diet?

A-No.

Q-You can judge by examination whether a prisoner has been an opium smoker or not?

A-If he is an inveterate smoker, yes.

25)

Q-Do you ever take a prisoner's word that he has been an opium smoker?

A-No, unless I have reason to suspect that he is an opium smoker.

Q-Can you state whether the majority of the prisoners who have been flogged for refusing to do hard labour consists of opium smokers?

A-No.

-Can you tell me whether that is so or not?

A-They do not appear to

me to be hard smokers.

Q-My question was this.

Are the majority of prisoners who refuse to do hard

labour opium smokers ?

A-I cannot say.

Q-Do you consider that the opium smoker is a fit subject for low diet? A-Yes, for the first few days. A man is depressed and cannot eat for the first few days.

Q-Is he a fit subject for hard labour?

A-If he is a heavy smoker, certainly not.

Q-Is he a fit subject for corporal punishment?

A-Yes; I should say six strokes.

Q-Do you remember ever having sanctioned the whipping of a man with six strokes who was an opium smoker ?

A-Yes.

-But that, I suppose, has been after careful inquiry?

A--Yes.

Q-But you say as a rule you would not order a whipping beyond six strokes for an opium smoker?

A-If I have reason to believe he is an opium smoker. The majority of men will give you that excuse for not being flogged.

Q-If you have formed an opinion that a man has been an inveterate smoker-

A-I would not put him on hard labour.

Q--And you would not allow him to suffer corporal punishment beyond six strokes ?

A--No.

Q--Can you suggest any efficient substitute for flogging?

A-No. You cannot abolish flogging.

Q--Have you ever formed an opinion as to why Chinese in Gaol refuse to work? A-Yes, because they find the work very hard and the diet very poor.

Q-What is your opinion of the relative physical sensitiveness of a Chinaman compared with a European?

A--I believe a European is more sensitive than a Chinaman. Q-Physically?

A-Yes.

Q-Nervously?

A-Yes.

( 26 )

Q-There have been two cases in the Gaol lately of flogging.

One was the case

of a man called LAU A KAU, and the other was the case of WoNG YAU. Have you got particulars of those cases with ?

A-Yes.

you

-We will take LAU KAU first, please.

A-The prisoner's number was 528. He gave his name as Lau Kau.

-When was he admitted to the Gaol?

Q-

A-On the 15th April.

--When was he first flogged?

A-On the 21st April.

Q--How many strokes?

A--Six.

Q--Did you examine that man before he was flogged?

A--Yes.

Q--Did you observe anything about him?

A-No.

Q—What sort of a man was he in physique?

A-An ordinary Chinese.

Q-An average Chinaman?

A-Yes.

Q Did you examine his spleen?

A--I made a general examination of the viscera.

Q Did you make a minute examination of him?

A--I did as I usually examine a man for six strokes: I did not examine his urine. Q-Did you examine his urine in this case?

A-Not before the first flogging, but afterwards, when I passed him for the second flogging.

Q--From a general view of his body you pronounced him fit for a flogging?

A-Yes.

Q-He was next flogged when?

A-On the 6th May.

Q--That was how long after the first flogging?

A-On the 21st April he had six strokes.

Q-Do you know what diet he was on after the first flogging?

A-Ordinary daily diet.

Q-Can you tell me his diet between the 21st April and the 6th May?

A-Ordinary diet of prisoners ;---Number 2.

Q-What is the general description of the diet?

A--Rice with a little fish, some vegetable and chutney, besides tea; it is called diet for Class No. 2.

( 27 )

Q--What is it-penal diet?

A-Ordinary diet.

Q-Was he on that diet the whole time between the 21st April and the 6th May?

A-Yes.

Q-Was he not ordered penal diet during that time?

A-Yes, he was punished for three days; he had rice and water.

--Was that on the 28th April?

A-The 28th April, yes.

Q--Did you examine him before he was flogged a second time?

A-Yes.

Q-Were there any marks of the result of the first flogging?

A-Only a little discolouration of the skin, as usual.

Q--Were all the wounds of the first flogging healed up?

A--Healed up.

Q-Were any bruises left?

A--No. When a person has been flogged there is a mark left for ever.

--What sort of examination of him did you make before the second flogging?

A-I examined the buttocks and the heart and lungs.

Q--Did you know at the time you made the examination that he was to undergo a flogging of twenty-four strokes?

A-Yes.

Q--And in your opinion he was fit to take those twenty-four strokes?

•

A-Yes.

Q--Were you present at the flogging?

A--I was.

-What were the physical results of the second flogging?

A-He had an abscess.

-How many?

A-One.

Q-Where was that?

A-It was an abscess on the right side.

Q-Right buttock?

A-Yes. I opened it on Sunday, the 9th.

Q-On the 6th May he got the flogging?

A-Yes, and on the 9th he had an abscess.

Q-Was he sent to the hospital after that flogging?

A-Yes.

Q-How did he stand the flogging?

A-Well.

( 28 )

Q-He did not faint?

A-No.

Q-Had he to be carried away to the hospital?

A-No.

Q-He was taken there on the 6th and on the 9th he had an abscess. When was he discharged?

A-On the 12th.

Q Did you visit him in the hospital after the second flogging?

A-Several times in the day.

Q-How do the results of his case compare with the results of other cases?

A-We cannot foresee when a man will get an abscess.

Q--I am not asking you that. After the flogging was over how did the results of the flogging compare with the ordinary results of flogging?

A-You cannot say whether a man will get an abscess.

Q-No, but in this case an abscess did occur?

A-It did occur.

Q-It is not common?

A-No.

Q-Can you give me any reason why that abscess occurred?

A-It is difficult to say, but I believe it was due to stagnation and obstruction of blood in the vessels. When a man's wounds bleed freely there is the least probability of an abscess being formed.

Q-Was the bleeding profuse in this case?

A-No.

-He was discharged on the 12th ?

A-Yes.

Q-Did you dress his wounds before he went out of the Gaol ?

A-The wounds were dressed by the hospital attendant.

Q-You did not dress them yourself?

A-I knew he was dressed in the morning because he was discharged before I got to the Gaol.

Q-As a fact you do not know of your own personal knowledge that it was dressed? A-Not that morning, but the day before, yes.

Q-Had

A-Yes.

you seen it the day before?

Q-Is it ordinary to send prisoners out of the Gaol after a thrashing without their wounds being dressed?

A-No, we always dress them.

Q-Now we come to the second case of the man who died on the 2nd June. When was he admitted to the Gaol ?

A--On the 11th May.

( 29 )

Q--When did he receive his first flogging?

A--On the 18th May.

Q--How many strokes ?

A-Six.

Q-What were the results of that flogging?

A-Nothing.

Q-Any bleeding?

A-No, very little.

Q-When was he again flogged?

A-On the 25th May.

Q Did you examine him on both occasions before he was flogged and

as fit?

A-Yes.

Q-How many strokes did he have on the 25th ?

pass

him

A-Twelve. Shall I call your attention to that day-

Q-Presently. Prior to the 25th, before he received the twelve strokes, you examined him?

A-Yes.

Q-Carefully?

A-Carefully.

Q---What sort of physique was he?

A-Ordinary Chinese physique.

Q-Was he stout?

A-Yes, fairly stout.

-Were there any marks of the first thrashing left?

A-No; it was quite healed up.

Q-No results?

A-No.

Q-What was the result of the second flogging on his person?

A-He did not show any abnormal signs until the abscess formed.

-When did that abscess form?

A-On the 27th.

Q-Two days afterwards?

A-Yes.

Q--Did you treat it?

A-Yes.

Q-Was it a bad abscess?

A-No, but it went deep.

Q Did you see him every day after that?

A---Several times every day.

•

( 30 )

Q-And you left the Gaol on the 31st May ?

A-Yes.

Q-What state was he in on the 31st May ?

A-He was weak.

Q-Weak from what?

A-Weak from the abscess, but his pulse was getting stronger.

Q-How about the abscess itself?

A-It was discharging freely.

Q-Was it in a better or a worse condition?

A-He got very weak after I opened the abscess.

Q--Did you put him on fresh diet ?

A-I gave him nourishing food. I will describe my treatment. Beef conjee- Q-After the second flogging?

A-Yes. Two pints of milk, one lb. of bread, and whiskey. He asked me not to give him whiskey and said whiskey made him very bad, and I offered him port wine which he declined. There was the ordinary cleaning, and drainage tubes were used. I also ordered quinine to check the development of bacteria and diaphoretics to increase the function of the skin. The wound was washed several times in the course of the day with Jeyes' fluid and permanganate of potash. He told me he was an opium smoker and that was the reason he did not care for whiskey.

Q--Was that the daily diet?

A--Yes. On the same day, at 9 p.m., I ordered a lemonade. He had beef tea also. On the 28th he told me he could not take the Half-Diet of the Hospital, so I put him on low diet. Instead of a linseed poultice I ordered a charcoal poultice, and he had three pints of milk. The poultice was changed several times daily. On the 29th he had also hot tea.

Q--Was that diet continued up to the 31st?

A--Yes.

Q-When did you last see him?

A-On the 31st May. I went to the Gaol at 11.5 a.m. and I left at 3.55 p.m., and I left word with the warder that if the man got worse in the night time, he was to send for me.

Q-When did you last see him?

A-At 3.55 p.m. on Sunday, 31st May.

How was he going on then?

A-I asked him and he said he felt better. The abscess was discharging freely.

Q-Were there any signs of danger?

A-Whenever there is an abscess there is danger.

Q-Any signs of special danger?

A-No.

Q-I want to ask you one question about the former case. Was that man an opium smoker?

A-I do not see anything here [looking at the records] about an opium smoker.

( 31 )

Q-You cannot say?

A-No.

Q-He did not appear to you to be one?

A--No.

Q-Do you remember whether he gave as an excuse for refusing to work that he was an opium smoker and he could not work when the craving came on?

A-No.

Q-That was not reported to you?

A-No.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-If you are satisfied that a man is an opium smoker do you give him opium pills?

WITNESS--No; we give tonics. Formerly they used to give him quinine, but I thought it was cheaper to give some other tonics and in some cases we give an astringent if the man has a tendency to diarrhoea.

Q-If a man is a syphilitic subject would he stand a flogging worse than a man in

good health?

A-There is more probability of an abscess being formed if a man is syphilitic.

Q-

-Was the last man syphilitic?

A-No.

Q-Nor scrofulous?

A-No.

Dr. ATKINSON-You cannot describe the instrument that is used for flogging?

WITNESS-It is rattan.

Q-You do not know its weight or length?

A-The length is four feet and a half. I do not know the weight.

Q-But the weight varies for boys and men.

A-Yes.

Q-You do not know what the weights are?

A-No, I do not.

Q-After a man has been flogged what is the custom in the Gaol? Is the man always received in the hospital or not?

A-No, unless the flogging is severe.

Q-But the man is always treated in the Gaol hospital to be dressed?

A-Yes.

Q-Even after six strokes?

A-Yes.

Q-So they are really all admitted to the hospital. In your opinion are the hospital wards large enough?

A-No.

Q-You think they are overcrowded?

A-Yes.

( 32 )

Q-Have you represented that to the Government?

A-Yes. I did mention it.

Q-In your reports you have stated that you think the hospital wards are over- crowded?

A-Yes.

Q-In your opinion, if a Chinaman is under treatment in the hospital wards for an open wound, do you think that overcrowding might have something to do with the wound suppurating?

A-Certainly. Some years ago it was quite a common thing for a man to come in the morning to the hospital with a swollen face and erysipelas would set in.

Q-What is the method of treatment for the wounds?

A--Separate treatment. This man was attended by the hospital attendants.

Q-What local applications are used?

A-Lead lotion.

Q-Is lead lotion an antiseptic?

A-Lead lotion and Jeyes' fluid.

Q--Not lead lotion alone?

A-No.

Q-Do you not think it would be better to dress the wounds with some antiseptic if you think the wards are overcrowded?

A-The best thing to use is Jeyes' fluid and Condy's. I employ carbolic lotion also and some other antiseptics.

Q-Have you noticed whether abscesses form more frequently after the second flogging than after the first?

A-I have seen an abscess after six strokes.

Q-My question is, have you noticed whether abscesses form more quickly after the second than after the first flogging?

A-Yes.

Q-Because in both these cases the men had been flogged about a week or ten days previous to the second flogging, and it was only after the second flogging that the abscesses formed. You think it is more frequent after the second flogging than after the first ?

A-Yes.

Q-What is the form of certificate you give? Have you got it?

A-No. It was introduced by Major DEMPSTER; it is a small form and certifies

the number of strokes to be given.

Q-You say that occasionally you get profuse bleeding after flogging?

A-Yes.

Q-Is that the case after six strokes?

A-No, but sometimes it leaves a cut.

Q-It is with more than six strokes that you have noticed the bleeding?

A-Yes.

( 33 )

Q-It is not the rule but the exception, I suppose, for the part to bleed?

A-Yes.

Q-In reference to these two cases. One was WONG A KAU.

You certified

on the 23rd May that he was in a fit state to receive twelve strokes, and he was flogged on the 25th. Is not that the case?

A-On the 18th he received six strokes.

Q-He was flogged on the 18th May for the first time and received six strokes?

A--Yes.

Q-On the 23rd he was passed by you as fit to receive twelve strokes?

A-Yes, and there were no marks of wounds on the gluteal region. Q-That was five days after?

A-Yes.

--Do all the marks disappear in five days?

A-Yes, generally speaking.

Q-No sign of any abrasion ?

A-No.

Q-After five days' interval you passed him as fit to receive twelve strokes and on the 25th he was flogged a second time-two days after you examined him?

A-Yes.

Q Did you examine him the day he was flogged?

A-This man was flogged two days after I examined him, because the paper was sent to the Governor for approval.

THE CHAIRMAN-The question is, did you examine him the day he was flogged ? WITNESS-Oh yes, again on the 25th.

Dr. ATKINSON-That is what I want to know.

want to know.

Has it been the custom after you

have given a medical certificate and before he is flogged to examine him again?

WITNESS-Yes, a special medical certificate is given.

Q-You give two medical certificates?

A-Yes.

In the morning I have to certify, when the man was put on report, if

he is fit for hard labour and to receive corporal punishment.

Q-Are the wounds always dressed before a man leaves the Gaol ?

A-Yes.

Q-In what way?

A-It is first washed with Jeyes' fluid, and a piece of lint dipped in lead lotion is applied.

Q-Is not that lint fixed in any way?

A-Fixed on with a string.

Q-It is bandaged?

A-Yes.

Q-If a man walked out of the Gaol without the lint being fastened it would fall off. Has it been the custom to bandage it?

A-With string, not a bandage.

( 34 )

Q-It has been the custom to fix it with string?

A-And with a bandage.

Q-In your opinion, would a man with an open wound like that sleeping in a place like Taipingshan be liable to absorb infection?

A-Yes.

Q-And make the wound worse?

A-Yes.

Q-Sending him out of the Gaol with an open wound is somewhat risky?

A--We have no power to detain him; we advise him to go to the hospital.

Q-You have not complained of that at all? You have not pointed out that it was a wrong system ?

A-Yes.

Q-To whom?

A-To different officers in the Gaol,

Q-You have not made any official complaint on the subject?

A-No.

Q-In reference to the other case, you say the man was passed as fit on the 5th May, I think, and he received twenty-four strokes, and you say the abscesses developed two days after he had been flogged?

A-Yes.

Q-Do you think that abscess was the result of the second flogging or of the first?

A-Second.

Do you not think that is rather early for an abscess to form?

A-No-two or three days. When I opened it it was not quite ripe. My experience is that the sooner it is opened the better.

Q-What do you think is the cause of that abscess forming?

A-The blow.

Q-The blow of the second flogging?

A-Yes.

Q-You do not think he could have absorbed any gerins from the crowded con- dition of the ward ?

A-It might be.

Q-It might have been caused by the first flogging?

A-There was only a slight abrasion of the skin. If poison had been absorbed there would have been inflammation.

Q-I simply want to know whether you think it could have been caused by the absorption of germs through the abrasion caused by the first flogging?

A-I do not think so. When he was flogged a second time the surface was not raw-when he was passed for the second flogging.

Q-Have you known any man faint?

A--I would not call it a faint; turned pale, gone off in a swoon.

( 35 )

Q-Have they become insensible?

A-No; I stop them before-on the point.

Q-What do you mean?

A-Directly a man turns pale I stop the flogging; they never become insensible.

Q-A man has never become insensible during a flogging?

A--No.

-Not even after receiving thirty-six strokes?

A--No, I stop him.

Q--Do you think that the attendance is all that is required at the Gaol ?

A-Yes.

Q--In regard to nurses, do you think the patients would be better looked after if they had trained wardmasters there?

A-Oh yes.

Q-In a severe case do you ever visit the Gaol at night?

A-This one I visited incidentally, because I was called once or twice to another prisoner.

Q--The fatal case ?

A-Yes. On the 29th when I ordered lemonade I was called to see a man who

was very ill. I saw a good many cases.

Q-Do you think the Chinese muscular development is sufficient about the gluteal regions to admit of their being flogged, say with thirty-six strokes?

A-No, not so heavy.

-What would be the maximum number a Chinaman would be able to bear?

A-I think that the number of strokes should be according to the constitution of the man.

I believe that, generally speaking, it ought not to exceed 16 strokes.

THE CHAIRMAN--What would you limit the number of strokes to in a severe case ?

WITNESS-Sixteen. It does not depend so much on the number of strokes as on the way the rattan is laid on. Sometimes more harm is done with six strokes than

in another case with twenty.

Dr. ATKINSON-Have

Have you ever stopped a man for that reason-because you thought he had been flogged too severely?

WITNESS-Yes.

THE CHAIRMAN-Are these medical certificates given by yourself filed in the Gaol Office?

WITNESS--Yes.

Q-Are regular floggers employed?

A-Yes.

Q-How many?

A-Two---Europeans.

Q-What class of wardmasters do you have in the Gaol hospital?

A-They are taken from turnkeys---assistant warders.

( 36 )

Q--Are they placed there specially because of their good conduct or because they have some idea of medicine or of the way to attend people?

A-Because they are steady.

Q-Is a fresh rattan used on every prisoner?

A-No, one rattan.

Q-Is a fresh rattan used in the case of every prisoner?

A--One rattan would last for months, but there are several rattans kept in a bag. Q-They get dirty then?

A-Split up.

Q-They get dirty---clotted with blood sometimes?

A--They are washed in water.

Q-Do not rattans get clotted with blood?

A-Yes.

Q-Are these rattans used without being cleaned?

A-No, they are dipped in water before they are used for flogging.

Q-Do you not think it would be advisable to have a fresh rattan for every flogging?

A-No doubt, but you would require a good many rattans for all the cases.

Q-They are not very dear and some could be bought.

A-Yes. You might keep a rattan in a separate fluid.

Q-What I am driving at is this. These rattans get clotted with blood and if they have been used on an unhealthy person they might retain some noxious matter, and such a rattan applied to the subsequent prisoner might do injury to that prisoner?

A-Yes.

Dr. ATKINSON-Have you any note of the weight of the first man, Lau A Kau. A-The hospital warder would be able to say, he keeps the book.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-He is an Indian, is he not?

WITNESS-No, there is one Indian; the other is an Englishman-WILKINSON.

Dr. ATKINSON-I would just like to ask you whether you think that the nursing is all that it ought to be in the Gaol ?

WITNESS-Well, if you get trained nurses it would be better; but you cannot get them for such a small pay.

Q--You think it would be better if there were trained European wardmasters in the Gaol?

A-Yes.

Q-And you think that the hospital itself is not properly constructed as a hospital? A-There should be a different building for some diseases and for prisoners under observation suspected to be suffering from infectious diseases or insanity.

THE CHAIRMAN-Is there anything you wish to add ?

WITNESS-I wish to call your attention-to ask you to examine the books at the gate to see what time I have spent in the hospital.

THE CHAIRMAN-Your personal conduct is not being questioned. A-Some say I have neglected my duty and that I have been careless. THE CHAIRMAN-That is not what we have to go into.

(37)

Meeting held on Saturday, 13th June, 1896.

Present:--His Honour Mr. SERCOMBE SMITH, (Acting Puisne Judge), Chairman. Hon. Commander W. C. H. HASTINGS, R.N., Acting Police Magistrate.

Dr ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon.

Dr. J. BELL examined.

THE CHAIRMAN-What are you, Dr. BELL?

A-Assistant surgeon in the Hongkong Government Medical Department.

Q-When did you begin your duties?

A-On the 1st June.

Q-Part of your duties consists of that of Gaol Surgeon?

A-Yes.

Q-Since you have been in the Gaol have you certified to any persons as being fit to be flogged?

A-Yes.

Q-How many times?

A-I think six times.

Q-What is the minimum and what is the maximum number of strokes you have

certified?

A-Six minimum and eighteen maximum.

Q-You have attended at all these floggings?

A-All of them. No floggings take place in the Gaol without the Medical Officer of the Gaol being present.

Q-Can you tell us the effect of any of these floggings on the prisoners' bodies?

A-None of them have so far done any apparent damage, or serious damage. Whether these six prisoners have been better able to stand the flogging or not I do not know, but they stood it well. The eighteen stroke man is still in the hospital, but that is more of a safeguard so that he can be watched for a few days more. All the others were discharged in a day and are at work.

Q-Were any of the prisoners Europeans?

A-No, all Chinese.

Q-Do you know anything of the effects of the "cat-o'-nine-tail"?

A-No, I have never seen any floggings except here.

Q-During the time you have been medical officer at the Gaol have you formed any opinion as to the maximum number of strokes that should be inflicted in any case?

A-My experience is, of course, very limited; but I am not in favour of any excessive amount; I do not think more than eighteen, or twenty at most, at one time. I think that with more you not only run the risk of laying them up, which some of them want, but you diminish the amount of suffering. The sensation gets deadened and they simply do not feel the flogging.

( 38 )

Q-Have you formed any opinion as to the advisability of retaining the rattan or substituting any other instrument for it?

A-No, I have never seen any other instrument.

Q-If the number of strokes were diminished, would you advise the retention of the rattan?

A--Yes. I think the present size of the rattan seems to be a very good instru- ment to use, if you limit the number of strokes, as I say, and never give more than twenty.

Q--Do you think the birch would inflict the necessary pain without inflicting wounds?

A-I really do not know. My recollections of the birch are rather remote.

Q--Now, to come to the Gaol hospital itself. Does the Gaol hospital contain all the medicines, etc., required for the treatment of wounds as the result of floggings?

A-Yes; in fact you can get any medicines you want by simply sending to the Government Civil Hospital. They supply all the requirements.

Q-Is the Gaol hospital accommodation adequate in all respects ?

A-No.

Q-Will you tell us about that?

A-It is far too small. I measured the hospital this morning, and there is a little over 11,000 cubic feet for the whole hospital, which is divided into seven wards. That gives about 600 cubic feet to each patient. That is very small indeed when you consi- der that in some of them there are cases of consumption. We have two very bad cases there now.

The minimum, I believe, in any ordinary hospital is 1,500 to 2,000 cubic feet. The rooms are so small that you cannot have beds; the men have to lie down. If you had beds you would cramp the place up so that you would not be able to get the number of men in you get in now.

Q-After having seen the instrument with which flogging is administered, do you consider that abrasions must follow on six strokes and upwards?

A-Very slight abrasions must follow in most cases, I think. All the six cases I have seen have been very slight indeed.

Q-Is the formation of abscesses the usual result of the floggings you have seen?

A-No.

Q-I take it you have not had any abscesses at all in the floggings you have seen?

A-Not at all.

Q--Now, to what is the formation of abscesses due ?

A-Well, it is due either to the poisoning of the wound through the introduction of germs from outside, or from the bruizing of the underlying parts without any abrasion of the skin. What I mean is if a man's tissues are very flabby indeed the skin might be fairly thick and he might not show signs of abrasion, but all the underlying parts would be completely deadened and would die.

-That would lead to the formation of abscesses?

Q-

A-Yes.

Q-Do you consider that, whatever the man's skin is, abrasions and abscesses would be likely to follow a severe flogging?

A-It depends upon what you mean by a severe flogging.

( 39 )

Q-Anything past twelve strokes.

A-No, I do not think so. If a man's buttocks are examined and his physical condition and so on, and he is passed for twelve strokes, I do not think it is a likely result. It would be very exceptional. I would say that not more than ten per cent. of them would develop abscesses, if so much as that.

Q--Would the result of a flogging of eighteen strokes almost necessarily be abrasions and abscesses ?

A-Abrasions, yes, but not necessarily abscesses.

Q-I take it you look upon

A-As an accident.

abscesses as an accident?

-Do you think that blood poisoning might be caused by the use of a dirty rattan ? A-Yes, it might.

Q-Or by the use of the rattan employed upon another prisoner not properly

clean?

A-Yes, it might.

Q--Would you advise as an extra precaution the using of an unused rattan at every flogging?

A-Yes, it is a mild expense. They are very cheap and certainly very useful. was examining the rattans this morning and I think sometimes they get frayed. Instead of being smooth they get long irregularities and perhaps it might be the rough surface coming down on the skin that produced a large amount of abrasions. I certainly think a stock of rattans ought to be kept and as soon as one is used it should be destroyed.

Q-Dr. MARQUES said that the rattans were dipped or soaked before they were applied to a prisoner.

Dr. ATKINSON-He said they might be.

A--He must have meant they mght be; they are not soaked.

THE CHAIRMAN-Do you think that blood poisoning might be caused by the absorption by one prisoner of the germs of a scrofulous or syphilitic prisoner, whether in the hospital or not?

A-It might possibly.

Q-Do you think it likely in that Gaol?

A-Not very likely.

Q-Would an opium smoker be fit to undergo hard labour? I mean a confirmed opium smoker-a man who has been smoking fifteen years.

A-No, I think not. From what I have seen of them they come into the hospital for three or four days.

Q-Are they fit to be put on penal diet for any period ?

A-Yes, I think so.

Q-Would they ever be fit to receive a flogging?

A-In some cases I should think they would.

Q-Generally speaking, do you think that, in the case of a man who is an inveterate opium smoker, it would be right to administer a flogging at any time?

A-It is rather difficult to say. They seem to suffer from the effect of their opium being cut off. They nearly all of them come into the hospital for three or four days, and most of them are in a good condition and go on hard labour. A few of them would run on to hard labour and on to flogging.

(40)

Q--An inveterate opium smoker?

A--Yes.

Q-Would an opium smoker severely flogged-I mean a flogging of twelve strokes ---be more likely to develop abscesses than an abstainer from opium?

A-I do not think so.

Q-Is daily hard labour in Gaol more severe than the ordinary street coolies daily labour?

A-It is rather difficult to judge.

Q-You will not venture an opinion at present

A--No, I would rather not.

Q-Can you tell me how a prisoner's daily diet compares with the diet of the average Chinaman?

A-I think they get quite enough of it--sixteen ounces of rice and pork and vegetables.

Q-How does that compare, so far as you know, with the average diet of the ordinary Chinaman?

A-I should say they are very well fed.

Q-Do you say they are better fed?

A-I should say they are very well fed-better fed.

Q-I want to take you to the case of the man who died in Gaol the other day. When did you first see him?

A-I saw him on the 1st June?

Q-At what time?

A-About 10.30 in the morning.

-What state was he in then?

A-He was suffering from fever, had a very weak pulse, and was generally in a very low condition. He had two sloughs on his buttocks, and it was very difficult to get him to take any nourishment, and he was generally, I might say, in a sinking condition.

Q-What did you give him on visiting him at 10.30 ?

A-I gave him some brandy. He was then on milk and beef tea ordered by Dr. MARQUES. I gave him tea and brandy and told the warder to give him another dose. at four o'clock, and also told him to continue the milk and beef tea.

Q-How many times did you see him?

A-I saw him again at 4

p.m.

Q-What state was he in then?

A--He made no complaint and his pulse was better. He was sensible.

Q-Did you dress the wounds yourself?

A-I dressed them in the morning and evening with an antiseptic.

Q-What state were they in then?

A-The two big sloughs on the buttocks were pretty extensive-

( 41 )

Q-What size were they--the size of half-a-crown?

A--One was the size of the palm of a hand; each was about the size of a whole hand. One was a little smaller than the other.

Q-That man had been flogged with twelve strokes, I believe?

A-He had eighteen altogether.

Q--Was there anything about the physique of the man that made you think that these abscesses were specially due to the flogging?

A-I think not. I think it was just an accident. He had six before and he seems to have stood them very well. He was not a fully developed muscular man, but he was fairly healthy.

Q-Would you say he was an average Chinaman in physique?

A-It is rather difficult to say what an average Chinaman is; you see a large number there. It is difficult to say what is an average Chinaman, but I think this man would be below the average.

Q--Can you answer this question? Suppose you passed him as fit for a flogging of six strokes, would you in five days have passed him as fit to receive twelve strokes more?

A-It is rather difficult to say; I have not had enough experience. I have not been called upon to see any of the others for a second flogging that I have already seen flogged once.

Q-At four o'clock, when you left this patient, was there anything in his appearance that made you think he was in serious danger?

A-I thought he was ill, but not seriously ill.

Q-You fully expected to see him alive the next morning when you visited the Gaol ?

A-Yes.

Q-Had you thought at any time that this man might die from his wounds?

A-When I first saw him in the morning I thought he was in rather a bad

way.

Q-At four o'clock ?

A—At four o'clock he was better, although I still thought he was rather ill.

had better hopes of him in the afternoon than I had in the morning.

Q-What was, in your opinion, the cause of death in the case?

A-I think blood poisoning..

Q-Did you hold the post mortern examination?

A-I did next morning.

Q-What did you find?

A-The usual signs of blood poisoning, one of these being the sloughs; the liver and spleen were covered with small hemorrhagic spots; there was also congestion of the lungs, and the kidneys were congested.

Q-Could you tell at the post mortern examination what the state of the man's blood was whether he was a full-blooded man or a thin-blooded man?

A-No.

Q-Anæmic or not?

A--He was not anæmic.

( 42 )

Q-He was not?

A-He was rather thin but was otherwise healthy. His heart was healthy.

Q-Looking at the man at the time you saw him, and allowing for all the symptoms that set in, in your opinion was that man a fit person to receive corporal punishment?

A-I think I would have passed him.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-Did Dr. MARQUES go round with you and hand over the patients on the 1st June?

A-No.

Q-You had to go on the medical history of the cases ?

A-Yes. He showed me some of the work, but I was busy; he showed me the

books.

Q-What minimum interval should elapse between two floggings?

A-I should think a fortnight at least.

Q--That is presuming the first flogging is of six strokes?

A--And presuming, of course, that nothing very serious happened.

Q-Are you of opinion that the hospital warders are qualified for their duties as warders?

A-No, they are not.

Q-Or nursing generally?

A-No.

Q-Why did you personally dress the wounds of the man that died?

A-They were rather bad and I was using a special preparation brought from the Government Civil Hospital, and I dressed the wounds with it in the morning.

Q-The dressing he had before was apparently all right?

A-Oh, yes.

Q--Is the absence of a bed any hardship for an ordinary Chinese prisoner?

A-I really do not know; one always like to lie upon a hard surface.

associates beds with a hospital. The Chinese Even in the Alice Memorial Hospital they have iron bedsteads with wooden planks. Of course, when a bed is raised above the floor there is more free ventilation.

Q--And it is more convenient for a doctor to treat a patient?

A--Yes. These men would like better if they were on a mattress-on a proper bedstead, but they have never complained about it.

Q--Would an opium smoker stand a flogging worse than a man who was not an opium smoker?

A--I do not think so, it depends. If he is an excessive opium smoker and a very thin man I suppose he would in that case; that is a man who smokes to excess.

Q-Do you know if the man who died on the 2nd was an opium smoker ?

A-I do not know.

Q-You did not know about the rattan being soaked?

A-I am almost sure it is not soaked.

( 43 )

floor?

Dr. ATKINSON-You visited the Gaol with Dr. MARQUES on the 29th, I think?

A-Yes.

Q-And went round the cases and got a general idea of the routine of the work ?

A-Yes.

Q--What do you think was the cause of blood poisoning in this case?

A-I think he had absorbed the germs through these sloughs.

Q-Through the open wound?

A-Yes.

Q-Do you think it advisable for patients with wounds of that sort to lie on the

A-No, I think they would be better on a mattress.

Q-Do the wards strike you as being overcrowded in the hospital of the Gaol?

A-They are.

Q-The cubical space is insufficient?

A-Yes, I measured them this morning, and they measured 11,000 cubic feet.

Q-For each patient?

A-600 cubic feet for each patient.

Q-600 cubic feet is too small for a hospital. And you think it is advisable to have trained European wardmasters on duty?

at all.

A-Yes. The men are very willing and obliging, but they have had no training

Q-How many wardmasters are there at present?

A-Two; an Englishman and an Indian.

Q-Do you know their hours of duty?

A-I do not know.

Q-The Englishman is on duty at day time and the Indian at night?

A-Yes; they are both there during the day. One week the Indian takes night duty and if he is called he is there. As far as I gather he does not go round.

Q--Is the wardmaster on duty during the night or does he sleep?

A--No; he sleeps.

Q--You think it would be preferable to have two European trained wardmasters on duty-one on duty there at night?

A-I think so.

Q-Judging by the effects of a flogging on Chinamen what is the maximum number of strokes you think it advisable to administer on Chinamen?

A--I think twenty. There are very few men on whom twenty would not act as a punishment, and I do not think it is safe to inflict more. You can inflict a flogging of twenty strokes five hundred times if you like provided you allow a sufficient interval. I am not in favour of more at one time.

Q--Do you think opium smoking lowers the physique of Chinamen, if they smoke

to excess

A--Undoubtedly.

( 44 )

Q--And that would render them less capable of standing a flogging of twenty or thirty strokes?

A-Yes. When they are asked if they are opium smokers they invariably say "yes." That is done with a view to getting opium.

Q-How long is a Chinaman laid up after a flogging, judging by the records?

A-I have not seen the records for flogging. I have seen five men receive six strokes and one man receive eighteen strokes. All the five men are out of the hospital, and they were only in the hospital one afternoon.

Q-And the one who received eighteen strokes?

A-I think he received eighteen strokes about four days ago. He is still in the hospital, simply more as a safeguard. I do not think now that the skin is perfectly healed.

Q-He has been flogged frequently?

A-Three or four times. He is flogged every time he comes to Gaol.

Q-Taking an ordinary abrasion how long is a man laid up ?

A-Three or four days; it would depend altogether on the depth of the wound. The average for six strokes would be three or four days.

Q-Has it struck you that a Chinaman prefers lying in the hospital to doing hard

labour?

A-I think they do.

Q-Is there any other punishment you would suggest instead of the flogging in lieu of the hard labour?

A-No, I have not had much experience of gaols. I have thought over the matter, but it is an extremely difficult question. The hard labour at shot and stone is very useless, but it is very difficult to say what else you could give them. They are a very troublesome lot, and if you did not give them hard labour you would simply have the whole of the Colony inside the Gaol and nobody outside.

Q--Do you think confinement in a separate cell any punishment?

A-I do not think they mind it a bit. The cells are very cool and clean and every time you go round the prisoners are sleeping.

Q-You do not think it is a punishment ?

A-Not in the least. They would do it for twenty years. The only thing they do not like is being put on rice and water. They have pork as a rule and when they have been in Gaol six months they do not like rice and water. The man who received eighteen strokes got his punishment because he assaulted a warder as he could not get more food. He thought that by attacking the warder he would get more food.

Q-With the present condition of the hospital and Gaol, and the overcrowded state of the wards, and the incompetent wardmasters, you would not like to undertake any surgical operation there?

A-Oh, no.

THE CHAIRMAN-You say you have witnessed six floggings there; were the same men always the floggers?

A-Two men, yes.

Q-And did they on each occasion put the same force in their strokes?

A-I think so, yes.

( 45 )

Q- -Have you seen the three kinds of rattan used?

A-No, I have only seen two--No. 1 and a small one, No. 3, for boys. I have seen boys receive four strokes.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS--Did the eighteen-stroke man walk away?

WITNESS-Yes.

Q-He was not helped away?

A-No, he had been flogged many times

Dr ATKINSON-How many strokes did he receive before?

WITNESS-Six, I think; but during his previous term he was flogged three or four times. I think he has had five floggings during the last two years.

THE CHAIRMAN-When you say you would limit the number of strokes to twenty do you apply that to all cases in which flogging is administered?

WITNESS-Yes.

Q-Or only flogging ordered by the Supperintendent with the assistance of a Justice of the Peace?

A-In all cases.

I think the maximum is thirty-six that anybody can give. I think that is too much.

Q-I mean a man in Gaol might be sentenced to eighteen strokes because of repeated acts of insubordination, and perhaps that might be quite enough; but supposing a man has been guilty of highway robbery, would you limit the number to twenty in such a case as that on the ground that he would not feel more ?

pass a Chinaman

A-Yes; he could have his twenty once a week, or once a fortnight if necessary. That would be a matter for the law of the land. I do not think I would for more than twenty; I would not give him more than twenty at one sitting.

Q-You think the punishment would be a greater deterrent if there were fewer strokes and more floggings?

A-I am quite sure.

Dr. ATKINSON-And each time examined?

WITNESS--Of course; each time he would have to come to me to be passed as being fit. I think if he was told he was going to get another eighteen his fortnight. would not be so pleasing as it would under the present circumstances when he gets into the hospital perhaps for six weeks.

Q-You have seen five Chinamen flogged with six strokes each?

A-Yes.

Q-And not injured?

A-Not in the least.

-Do you not think it would be better to limit the number to six?

A-I think some of them would have stood more than six, but the Superintendent has not the power to inflict more than twelve. I am giving twenty as an outside limit. I do not mean that every one who is flogged should have twenty-anywhere from six to twenty.

( 46 )

WILLIAM JOSIAH WILKINSON examined.

THE CHAIRMAN-How long have you been in the Gaol?

A-Two years and three months.

Q-What did you go as first?

A-Warder.

Q-What is your position now?

A--Hospital warder.

Q-How long have you been warder at the hospital?

A-Four months.

Q-Do you know what is the average number of patients in the hospital? A-The average is fifteen to twenty.

--Do you know what the size of the hospital is?

Q--

A-I cannot say.

Q-You have not measured it?

A-I have not.

Q-Are there any beds in the hospital?

A--Yes.

Q-Do you mean simply mattresses ?

A-Beds.

Q-Is the hospital crowded at any time?

A-Yes there are four or five prisoners in one cell.

Q-Do you remember the man who died on the 2nd June ?

A-Yes.

Q-Did you attend to him at all?

A-Yes.

Q-Did you dress his wounds?

A-Yes.

Q-How many times a day did you dress his wounds?

A-Three times a day.

Q-Do you often get people in the hospital suffering from wounds as the result of a flogging?

A-Yes.

Q-How many people have you known die within a month of the flogging?

A-This is the first one.

Q-The one the other day was the only one?

A-Yes.

Q-Did you see that man when he came into the hospital?

A-Yes.

-What was the state of his buttocks?

A--The wounds from the first flogging were properly healed; there were slight

marks.

( 47 )

Q-After the second flogging what was the state of his buttocks?

A-He came to me to be treated every morning. The men who receive six strokes or twelve strokes are treated outside and are not taken into the hospital unless the wounds are very serious. This man came to me on the next morning after he was flogged; on the 25th he came to me and on the 26th, and I dressed him. He went away and came on the 27th. I found his buttock was very soft and I thought he had an abscess, and I took him before the doctor. The doctor said he had an abscess and opened it. He was admitted to the hospital that day.

Q-He was thrashed on the 25th and did not go into the hospital until the 27th ?

A--Yes.

Q-He was dressed in the hospital on the 25th, but did not remain in the hospital ?

A-No.

Q-What was the state of his wounds when he first came to the hospital to be

dressed?

A-The same as any other wounds.

Q-I do not know what other wounds are like.

A-He was slightly cut, but not deep. The skin had gone away; the cuts were not deep.

Q-Have you seen a man go into the hospital with worse wounds the result of a flogging?

A-Yes, I have seen a man go into the hospital with worse wounds the result of a flogging.

Q--There was another man who was flogged on the 23rd April; he got six strokes. Do you remember that man? He was called LAU A KAU, I think?

A-His number was 528.

Q--Yes, that is the man.

A-Yes, I know him.

Q-On the 21st April he received six strokes, do you remember that ?

A--Yes.

Q-Did he

A-Yes.

go into the hospital to be dressed?

Q-He did not remain in the hospital?

A--No.

Q-Then on the 6th May he received twenty-four strokes?

A-Yes.

Q--Did he go into the hospital after that?

A--Yes.

Q-What state were his buttocks in when he came to the hospital?

A--Slightly cut.

Q-Can you compare the state of his buttocks with the state of the buttocks of the other man we have been talking about?

A--Yes.

Q-Which was the worse?

( 48 )

A--528, when he was admitted into the hospital, was worse than the man 704, who died.

Q- Was he kept in the hospital until he was discharged?

A--Yes.

Q--Were his wounds dressed every day?

A-Three times a day.

Q Did you dress them?

A--Three times a day myself.

Q-He was discharged on the 12th May?

A--Yes.

Q--Did you dress his wounds on the day he was discharged?

A--Yes, I gave him a piece of lint dipped in carbolic and placed a plaster on his buttocks so that it would not fall off.

Q-Do you ever see prisoners flogged?

A-Yes, I flog them myself.

Q-Are you one of the floggers?

A-Yes.

Q-Who is the other?

A-Mr. GIDLEY.

Q-How long have

you been a flogger?

A-Seven or eight months.

Q. ---Do you ever change the rattan ?

A-Yes, if a rattan has blood on it we always change it. We never use a cane that has blood on it because it is liable to injure another man's blood.

Q-Do you always use a clean rattan-a new rattan for every prisoner?

A-Not for every prisoner, but if a rattan has been used and blood remains on the cane, the cane is not used until it is properly washed ?

Q-How is it washed?

A-Washed in water.

Q-Not in any carbolic solution?

A-No.

--What are your hours of duty in the Gaol hospital?

A-A quarter to six in the morning to a quarter to six at night, returning at nine o'clock at night.

Q-Without any interval?

A-An hour and a half interval for tiffin and an hour for breakfast. I return again to the hospital at nine at night, and remain in the hospital all night and carry on my duties next day as usual.

Q-You remain in the hospital all night?

A-Every other night.

( 49 )

Q-I thought the Indian-

A-He remains in one night and I remain in the next.

Q-Does the Indian do day duty?

A-He is with me.

Q-Do you mean to tell me that your hours are from 5.45 in the morning to 5.45 at night every day?

A-Every other day.

Q-With night duty every other day?

A--Every other day I go off at four o'clock in the evening, and every other day I have to do a night in the hospital.

Q-I do not quite understand. Supposing you are on duty on Monday at 5.45 in the morning to 5.45 at night. You go off duty at 5.45 in the evening; when do you go on duty again?

A-Nine o'clock at night.

-And you take duty till when?

A-Four o'clock the next evening.

Q-Then you are on duty from 5.45 one morning to four o'clock the next evening?

A-I go on duty at 5.45 in the morning and finish duty at 5.45 the same evening, and go on duty at nine o'clock.

Q-The same night?

A-Yes. I remain on duty until four o'clock the following evening. I have one hour for breakfast and one hour and a half for tiffin; so I am on duty from nine o'clock to-night until four o'clock to-morrow.

Dr. ATKINSON-Twelve hours' active duty on the Monday and four hours off; then you are on duty from nine o'clock at night to four o'clock the next day?

A-Yes. I return again the next morning at 5.45 and carry on my duties as usual, finish at 5.45 in the evening, and come back at nine o'clock.

Q-Then you go on till four o'clock the next day?

A-Yes.

Q-And you get till 5.45 the next morning?

A-Yes.

-What are the hours of the Indian ?

A-The Indian is likewise; we are both in the hospital.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-Are you supposed to be at work at night?

WITNESS-If any one complains about anything at all the officer in charge of night duty wakes me up.

Q-You are called if wanted?

A-Yes, and when there is any one very ill in the hospital I have to tell the officer to call me at certain hours.

Q-To give him medicine?

A-Yes, and to treat him.

( 50 )

Q-The man who died was flogged on the 23rd and his wounds were dressed on the 26th, and he was received in the hospital on the 27th. Any hard labour on the 26th?

A-No; he had no labour for three days.

Q-On No. 1 diet?

A-Yes.

Dr. ATKINSON-Had you any previous Gaol experience before coming here?

A-No.

Q-Not in England ?

A-No.

Q-Any previous hospital training?

A-Once in the Army I went through a bit of bandaging.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS--St. John's Ambulance, I suppose?

WITNESS-In the Marines I did a bit of bandaging.

Dr. ATKINSON-What do you dress the wounds with ?•

WITNESS-According to the amount of the wounds. We use lead lotion and carbolic oil. If it is a big case he is treated otherwise with poultices.

Q--You have never seen flogging administered in England at all?

A-No.

Q-With reference to your hours of duty. You say you are on duty for twelve hours in one day, then three and a half hours off, so you are on duty for nineteen hours?

A-Yes. I have an hour for breakfast and an hour and a half for tiffin.

Q-In which wards in the hospital are the beds ?

A--Nos. 2, 3, and 4.

Q-Those are for Europeans?

A--Yes.

Q-There are no beds in the wards for Chinese ?

A-No. If a Chinaman is very ill we take a European bed and give it to him.

Q-How many patients are there in the Chinese wards?

A-Seventeen.

Q-In one cell?

A-Four.

Q-Four is the maximum ?

A-Yes.

Q-How many beds can you get in a cell?

A-Two, and then you would have to put one bed longways and the other across. Q-You say it is the custom to dress a man before he leaves the hospital with an open wound?

A-Yes.

Q-The number of the previous case was 528 ?

A-Yes.

( 51 )

Q-He was dressed before he left the hospital? A-Yes; carbolic lint was strapped on.

Q-Do you ever fix a bandage on with string?

A-Not when the man is going out. There is a certain number of bandages allowed for the hospital and we keep them for the use of patients in the Gaol. We strap with plaster a man when he is going out of the place.

Meeting held at the Government Civil Hospital, 16th June, 1896.

Present:-His Honour Mr. T. SERCOMBE SMITH, (Acting Puisne Judge), Chairman.

Dr. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon.

Absent:-Hon. Commander W. C. H. HASTINGS, R.N., Acting Police Magistratë.

Mr. NOLAN was examined.

THE CHAIRMAN-Mr. NOLAN, you have been in the Gaol a long time?

WITNESS-Yes, nearly thirteen years.

Q-What has been your position there?

A-For the greater part of the time I have been head turnkey.

Q-Is that your position now?

A--Yes; principal warder I am called now.

Q-Whom have you served under-what Superintendents ?

A--I have served under several who were acting.

Q-Give the names of all.

A-Mr. FALCONER was the first, he was acting at the time; Mr. THOMSON, Major DEMPSTER; a Captain from the Army was acting; General GORDON, Mr. HORSPOOL, Mr. LETBBRIDGE, Mr. MITCHELL-INNES.

Q-Mr. TONNOCHY?

A-No.

Q-Have you had any experience about flogging in the Gaol?

A—Well, I have seen flogging occasionally.

Q-Was it any part of your duty to take part in the floggings?

A-No.

Q-Were you ever a flogger

A-Never.

Q-How many floggings, do you think, you have been present at ?

A-Well, I cannot say that; I have seen several.

Q-A hundred, do you think?

A-I dare say. I might have seen a hundred at a distance.

( 52 )

Q-Have you ever seen a man flogged with twenty-four strokes?

A-Twenty-four, yes.

Q-You yourself have seen it? I do not mean know of it.

A-I heard they were sentenced, but whether they got it or not I do not know. Q-The men you have seen whipped-how many strokes did they get do you think? A-I have seen them getting six, twelve, and three dozen. They were sentenced by the Visiting Justices.

Q-You have seen a man get three dozen?

A-Yes.

Q-Have

you noticed the effect on the breech of men?

A-Some, yes.

Q-Take a man who has had six strokes; generally speaking, what has been the effect upon him?

A-He might have been just merely marked, not much. He might have been cut a little, not much.

Q-Twelve strokes ?

A-I do not know.

Q-Do they draw blood always?

A-Not with six; I believe twelve will draw blood.

Q-I want to know whether you have seen twelve draw blood ?

A-Well, I cannot say.

-You know the rattans that are now used?

A-I do.

Q-There are three of them ?

A-If there are two floggers they have a rattan each.

Q--I mean there are three sorts of rattan?

A-Yes, for jeveniles and adults.

Q-Do you know whether the weight and the shape and the size of the rattan have been the same during the thirteen years you have been in the Gaol ?

A—That I cannot say; I know nothing about that. There is a pattern rattan, and all I can say is that the new ones must correspond with the pattern, as far as I have heard.

Q-I want to know what you have seen.

A-It was not my duty to stand there; I have passed by.

Q-Have you had much experience of what goes on in the Gaol ? A-Yes, I have.

What offences are most common?

A-Refusal to labour, I think, is most common.

Q-You have seen Chinamen at hard labour there?

A-Oh, yes.

( 53 )

53)

Q-What do they refuse to do-what sort of labour ?

A-Crank principally, and stone carrying.

Q-Shot?

A-Yes, shot drill.

Q-Do you think from what you have seen that these refusals are justifiable generally?

A-They might be with the men who are ailing. I do not know at all when some of them are ailing, but they can see the doctor, and if the doctor sees there is anything ailing with the men they are not punished.

Q-Do you think any shamming is going on?

A-Yes, to the best of my opinion.

Q---Do you think that the shot drill, the stone carrying, and the crank are too hard for the Chinamen?

A-I do not know. I will tell you why I say so.

There are some men who can

do their tasks in a very short time and I have known them to be finished very early in the forenoon; so if they are willing to work I do not think their work is too severe.

Q-You have been in this Colony a long time and know pretty well the work that the Chinese coolies will do in the street. Is the hard labour that a Chinaman is called upon to do in the Gaol harder than a coolie would do in the street?

A-The coolies outside use their own time; we have to keep them to time there, but the weights that an outside coolie carries are very often far heavier than the weights in Gaol.

Q--You know the food in Gaol and you know the food that an ordinary China- man gets outside the Gaol; which is the better?

A-The food they get in the Gaol, in my opinion, is good substantial food; at some labour they get fish and other allowances.

Q-Do you know anything about the opium smokers in Gaol?

A-I do.

Q-Do you know whether those who refuse to labour are generally opium smokers

or not?

A-Generally not, because the majority of the prisoners are put to the crank when they are a long while in Gaol; they are put to the crank for several offences and very few opium smokers are put to hard labour.

Q-If a Chinaman does not work he generally gets a flogging, does he not ?

A-Not at all times.

Q--Generally, I say.

A-Generally, of course, if he habitually refuses his labour.

Q-Now do you think he prefers the rest after the flogging to the hard labour?

A-Well, I have heard some of them say-

Q-You have heard Chinamen say?

A-Yes, I have known them myself. I have said-"You had better go on with your work or you will get a flogging," and the reply has been-"Maskce, Maskee ;" and they have lain down.

Q-Do you

the hard labour?

( 34 )

think they prefer to go to hospital and lie off after a flogging to doing

A-Yes, I believe they would rather go to the hospital.

Q-They would rather have the flogging and go to the hospital?

A-Oh well, I cannot say that.

Q-Do you think the punishment cell with low diet is of any use?

A-I think, to some of them, very little.

Q-Have you

often seen the cross-irons and handcuff's resorted to?

A-If the prisoners insist upon making a disturbance the handcuffs are put on,

but not the cross-irons.

it.

Q-Have you ever seen the cross-irons put on?

A-Oh yes, in Major-General GORDON'S time.

Q--Is that a good form of punishment?

A-Very little punishment to them when they are lying down. They do not feel

Q-Have you any knowledge of the use of the "cat-o'-nine-tails ?"

A--I have never seen it used in the Gaol.

Q-Have you seen it used anywhere?

A-I have seen it used it the Army.

Q-You have been in the Army?

A-I have.

Q-How many strokes have you seen inflicted with the "cat-o'-nine-tails" in the Army?

A-I cannot say; it was a long time ago. I have seen one man strapped up and flogged with the "cat-o'-nine-tails."

Q-How many strokes?

A-I cannot tell you.

-From what you remember was it a severe or a light flogging?

A-Severe.

-How did he stand it?

A-The poor fellow could not help it. I have seen the flesh and the blood flying. There was a triangle and he was strapped to it. It was cruel; it was horrible, as far as I remember of it.

Q-Do you know anything of the birch?

A-No; that is generally used in the Navy.

Q-Do

—Do you think a rattan is too severe for a Chinaman?

Does it cut him too much?

A-I do not know; he must be punished without being too severe. They must be punished; it must not be too severe.

Q-Do you think you would have something lighter than a rattan for a Chinaman? A-No, if they are going to be punished.

Q-You think if they are going to be flogged they should be-

( 55 )

A-They should be flogged so that they can remember it. Dr. ATKINSON-Have you ever flogged a man yourself? WITNESS-Never flogged a mall.

Q-Have you ever been employed in the Gaol as flogger?

A-Never.

Q-Some of the turnkeys are floggers?

A-Yes.

Q-Have you ever seen blood flow as the result of a flogging at the Gaol?

A--I have.

Q-After how many strokes?

A-That I cannot say; it would be after twelve or more, unless a man who was getting six had been flogged previously; that might cause the blood to flow.

Q-Have there been more floggings at the Gaol recently than formerly?

A-I believe so."

Q-Under which Superintendent do you think there have been more floggings? A-Under the present.

Q-You think there have been more floggings this year than last year?

A-I think so.

THE CHAIRMAN (to Dr. Atkinson) Mr. LETHBRIDGE was on leave last year.

Dr. ATKINSON-Do you understand Chinese?

WITNESS-Only a little--just enough to get along with.

Q-You understand enough Chinese to get along with the prisoners in the Gaol and to do your duty?

A-I can get along with the Chinese so far as talking is concerned.

Q-With

With reference to the food supplied to the prisoners, do you think the quality

of the rice is better than the coolies get outside?

A--I have often heard it is better than the coolies get outside.

THE CHAIRMAN-From whom?

A-From several.

Q-What sort of people? People inside the Gaol?

A-From Europeans.

Dr. ATKINSON-Not from Chinamen-Chinamen have not told you that?

WITNESS-No.

Q-Have you seen the rice supplied to the Gaol recently?

A-Yes.

Q-You see it when it is handed round?

A-Yes.

Q-What is the appearance of it?

A-It is not white but brownish.

( 56 )

Dr. ATKINSON-What are the hours of duty ?

WITNESS-Well, we go on at 5.45, and the short division earlier: the short division

goes on-

-What are the hours of duty of the ordinary turnkey?

A-From 6 to 6, or the short division from 6.30 to 5. They have ma‹le a change ; they are not what they used to be. It used to be from 6 to 6.

go on night duty at 5.45

Q-Have the hours of duty been increased lately?

A-They have in a sense; night duty is the worst. and I am on all night. That is more than before I came here-on from evening to 5.30 the next morning, and there is not a chance to rest-5.45 to 5.30.

year?

Q-Twelve hours except a quarter of an hour?

A-Yes.

Q-When do you go on duty again ?

A-Same evening again.

Q-Twelve hours practically. Is that an increase as compared with the previous

A-Much more severe, because before the head turnkey had an assistant.

Q-The hours of duty have practically been increased latterly?

A-Yes, they get more time in the day duty; they get more time for their meals than formerly.

Q-The turnkeys who act as wardmasters at the Gaol have the same hours, I suppose?

A-Well, no, I think they are different.

Q-Do you know what the difference is?

A-No, we have nothing to do with them.

Q-Have cross-irons as a form of punishment been used within the last year or two?

A-No, they have not been used so much lately.

Q-More floggings and less cross-irons?

A-Yes.

Q-Have you ever heard of a death resulting from flogging at the Gaol?

A-Only this last one.

Q-You have never heard of any other?

A-No.

Q--Nor after a prisoner has left the hospital?

A-Not in my time.

THE CHAIRMAN Do you want to tell us anything more?

WITNESS-That is all I know.

Q-About flogging?

A--That is all I know about flogging.

Q-Have you visited the prisoners in the hospital that have been flogged?

A-Yes, I have visited the hospital.

( 57 )

Q-After the prisoners have been flogged have you visited them in the hospital?

A-Yes, I have.

Q-How long have you known a prisoner laid up in the hospital after a flogging? A--Well, I never took notice.

Dr. ATKINSON--Do you think the crank labour is severe at the Gaol?

WITNESS-12 lbs. pressure; if it is that when it is tested it will become easier.

Q-Do

-Do you

think it is severe as a form of punishment?

A-It is severe.

Q-Do you think it is the most severe in the Gaol ?

A-I think it is the most severe in the Gaol.

Q-What are the revolutions?

A-12,500.

Q-At a pressure of 12 lbs. ?

A-Yes.

Q-The handle is very smooth?

A-Yes.

Q-You cannot get a purchase on the handle?

A-There is a bamboo on the iron shaft.

Q-Yes, but it is quite smooth?

A-Smooth.

Q-The great majority of those who are flogged refuse to work at the crank? A-Yes, to the best of my opinion.

Q-Do you know of any other form of punishment that would answer the same purpose as the crank?

A--I do not.

THE CHAIRMAN-The treadmill?

WITNESS-I have never seen the treadmill.

Dr. ATKINSON-Did the prisoners object to working in gangs when that was in Vogue? Some

years ago prisoners used to work outside the Gaol.

WITNESS-Yes, I was in charge myself.

Q--Did they like that form of punishment more than any other?

A-I do not know; I know the majority of them used to be anxious to get out on the public works.

Q-They did not like it?

A--They used to like it.

Q-They preferred it?

A-They used to get extra congee-some cow's feet boiled up.

Q--Do you think punishment in a separate cell is a severe form of punishment for

a Chinaman?

A--I do not think so.

( 58 )

-You do not think it is a deterrent?

A-No.

Q-I suppose practically Chinamen sleep all the time?

A--All the time, and some of them will not behave themselves and shout out and give all the trouble they possibly can.

THE CHAIRMAN-If short sentence prisoners were told that if they refused to work they would have their queues cut off--do you think that would be any good? ·

A--That might be; that is another thing. There are a lot of hardened "jokers" amongst them, and they do not like to lose their queue by all accounts.

Dr. ATKINSON--They are a very difficult class of people to deal with? WITNESS--They are.

THE CHAIRMAN--You get a lot of men with different dialects in the Gaol ?

WITNESS-Yes.

Q-Do the men with different dialects herd together at all. Can they talk together?

A-They make out each other as well as they can, but there is no talking allowed. If they are heard talking, of course, they are reported.

Q-Do you have many assaults by one prisoner on another?

Q-Not so many now as formerly.

Q-Why?

A-I do not know why that is. I do not think there is so much tobacco and opium thrown over the wall as there used to be, and so much shouting and fighting with one another for it. That used to be the cause of a row.

Q-Do

you think the staff there is as good as it used to be?

A-I do not.

Q-Do you think the staff there is a staff qualified to deal with prisoners?

A-I do not think so; they are not qualified the same as Europeans are. That is my opinion.

Q-Has the number of Europeans on the staff been lessened?

A-Lessened? yes; and Indians taken on instead.

Dr. ATKINSON-How long has that been?

WITNESS-Before Captain LETHBRIDGE came out.

Q-It started before Captain LETHBRIDGE came out ?

A-Yes.

Q-You do not know under whose governorship the Indian turnkeys were introduced?

A-I do not know, but that is the time they started-before Captain LETHBRIDGE

came out.

THE CHAIRMAN-Do you think an Indian gives more irritation to a prisoner than a European?

A-I do not think he is so fit to perform his duties as a European.

Q-Why?

A-His abilities are not as great.

them and I do not understand them.

( 59 )

The Indians will not understand me if I talk to They come to me and say "Mr. NOLAN, there

is a man sick in the hospital," and they make such trivial reports.

Q-I am speaking in reference to dealing with prisoners. If a prisoner refused to work a European might go to him and say--"If you do not work you will be punished," but an Indian would probably not be able to tell him that, would he?

be?

A-No.

Q-Do you think an Indian is rougher with a prisoner than a European would

A-No, I do not think that.

Q-Do

you think a Chinaman would obey a European sooner than obey an Indian ?

A-I think so.

Q-Are the men there younger than the men that used to be there, or older?

A-Much about the same.

Q-Have you any Chinese warders?

A-No.

Q-Would they be of any use in the Gaol, do you think?

A-I do not think so.

Q-You do not think they would be preferable to Indians?

A-I do not think they would be any good.

Dr. ATKINSON-What is the European staff in the Gaol now--what numbers?

A-I do not think there are more than twenty.

Q-How many were there six years ago?

A--There were forty odd; I think forty-three; I will not be sure about it.

Dr. ATKINSON--Diminished about 50 per cent.

V.B.-The evidence of this witness was taken in the Government Civil Hospital when the witness was evidently in physical pain.

( 60 )

· Meeting held on Wednesday, 17th June, 1896.

Present: His Honour Mr. T. SERCOMBE SMITH, (Acting Puisne Judge), Chairman..

Hon. Commander W. C. H. HASTINGS, R.N., Acting Police Magistrate.

Dr. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon.

The Honourable ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON examined.

THE CHAIRMAN--You have been Acting Superintendent at the Gaol?

WITNESS-Yes.

Q-Can you tell us the dates?

A-From April, 1891, to March, 1892, and from March, 1895, to March, 1896.

Q-Taking these two years-1891 to 1892 and 1895 to 1896-have the flogg- ings increased or decreased in proportion to the prisoners in the Gaol?

A-They increased largely last year.

Q-I have a return here for 1891-I do not know whether it is accurate, but we will take if for what it is worth-and in that year the total number of floggings was 244. Will that be about correct, do you think?

A-Yes, perhaps about that.

Q--And then in 1895 the number was 535 ?

A-Of course that would include cases sentenced by the Court. Yes, that would be so, it might be.

Q-Those cases would not form a very big proportion of the floggings?

A-No.

Q-Can you assign any cause for the increase from 295 in 1891 to 535 in 1895 ?

A-Yes. About September last year, in the course of my usual inspections, I came to the conclusion that the head turnkey was not doing his duty and that the cranks were not up to the proper strength. I ordered the warder to make a surprisé test of all the cranks immediately on receipt of the head turnkey's certificate. One morning, in doing so, he found that most of the cranks were very much under weight-under test -and a large proportion of them had no weight at all.

Dr. ATKINSON-No

pressure

WITNESS-No pressure. Then the result of that was that all the cranks being up to the proper test, the prisoners, as I believed, entered into a conspiracy to refuse to do the labour, and the result was a large increase in the number of floggings.

Q-Comparing your terms of office, was there any marked increase or decrease in any special class of Gaol offences ?

A-The increase was almost entirely owing to refusal to labour.

Q-And that refusal to labour was due to the fact that the pressure was increased?

A-It was due to the fact that the cranks were kept up to the test.

Q-Now in your opinion what class of Gaol offences are most common?

A-What flogging offences?

( 61 )

Q-Yes, offences which lead up to floggings.

A-Refusal to labour is the most common.

Q-Do you consider that the conduct of the staff in any way aggravated the pri- soners and so incited them to commit breaches of discipline?

A--No, I do not think so.

Q-Have cases of that description ever come under your notice?

A-Where the conduct of the members of the staff-

Q-Yes, has aggravatel the prisoners.

A-No, no such case.

Q-Can you compare the staff during the two terms of your superintendency?

A-The staff in my last term was composed of a much better class of men than it was in the first.

Q--How do they compare in numbers?

A--I think the numbers are the same.

Q- Are the nationalities the same?

A--No; in my last year a new system was put into force. A number of Euro- peans were superseded by Sikhs under charge of Europeans.

Q-What led to that change?

A-The unsatisfactory conduct of the Europeans.

Q-In your opinion has the conduct of the Indians justified the change?

A--I have had only a short experience of them, but as far as I can make out they were more satisfactory at least from one point of view, because the Europeans were always getting drunk and going into the hospital for various diseases, and the Sikhs are more on the spot.

Q-In respect of dealing with the prisoners, who are the more competent-the European or Sikhs ?

A-As far as that goes I think they are about the same.

Q-Do you consider that the staff under you was properly fitted by discretion and tact to have control of the prisoners ?

A-I should say, in reply to that, that it is about as good as you can get for the

money.

Q--Do you know the weights and proportions of the three rattans used in flogging prisoners?

A-No, I cannot speak as to that.

Q-Was the same pattern of rattan used in 1895 and 1896 that was used in 1891 and 1892 ?

A-Yes.

Q-Do you know when that pattern was introduced ?

A-No.

Q--Do you know by what Governor it was approved ?

A-I have heard, but I cannot say of my own knowledge.

( 62 )

Q Did you ever witness the floggings yourself?

A-Yes.

Q--Have you witnessed them sufficiently often to be able to tell us the effects of a flogging of say, six, twelve, eighteen, twenty-four, and thirty-six strokes?

A-Yes, I have.

Q-Can you describe the effects to us?

A-On an ordinary healthy man six strokes have no evil effects.

-I am asking you what the effects are.

A-One or two weals which, I should say, heal up in the course of a day or two. A man who has twelve begins to have a certain amount of cutting of the flesh; a man who has eighteen has the same thing considerably aggravated, and I think the highest I have seen myself was twenty-five, when there were several bruises which exposed the flesh.

Q-Have

Have you seen a prisoner faint under any flogging?

A--No, never.

Q-Have you seen a prisoner bonâ fide unable to walk to the cell or hospital after a flogging?

A--No.

Q-Have you seen a prisoner carried away from a flogging?

A-No.

Q-Have you ever seen the Surgeon stop a flogging?

A-I have known the Surgeon state an intention of stopping one-I was present myself-simply on account, as I believed at the time, of the tremendous howling that was raised by the prisoner.

Q-How many strokes?

A-As far as I recollect, eighteen strokes.

Q--At what period did the Surgeon try to stop the flogging?

A-The surgeon tried to stop it at the tenth stroke.

Q-Was it stopped at ten?

A-No.

Q--Why not?

A-I told the Surgeon privately I believed the man was feigning.

Q-You have not seen the effect of the birch or "cat-o'-nine-tails" upon a Britisher?

A-No.

Q-Have you ever seen a European flogged at Victoria Gaol?

A-Nothing beyond six.

Q-How do they bear a flogging with a rattan as compared with the Chinamen ?

A-About the same.

Q-In England Governors of Gaols have no powers of imposing flogging. Can you give us any reason for vesting the Superintendent of Victoria Gaol with a power to order twelve strokes which would not be applicable to the Governors of English Gaols?

( 63 )

A-I should say that one reason is that in Hongkong it is such a nuisance to always summon a Justice of the Peace to assist in trying a case. From one point of view it would be inadvisable to call in an Official Justice of the Peace, and the Unofficials have always their day's work to do and naturally object to coming up. It would certainly be impracticable to call upon an Unofficial in all cases where flogging is the punishment as frequently as flogging is inflicted in the Gaol.

Q-Do you think it would be advisable to keep every case requiring to be dealt with by flogging for the Visiting Justices every week?

A-No, it would be very inadvisable.

Q-Would it take too long?

A-Yes; in my opinion punishment in the Gaol should be inflicted promptly.

Q-Have you ever ordered a flogging without the sanction of the Surgeon?

A-No.

Q-Has the Surgeon in your time always delivered a written certificate of the prisoner's fitness to be flogged?

A-Always.

Q-Was the written certificate in force when you were at the Gaol from 1890 to

1891?

form.

A--I would not say for certain, but I think it was. I have always recollected a

Q-You do not recollect any change?

A-No, so I think it must have been in force.

Q-Were the certificates, so far as you remember, always filled up in one form? A--The only certificate given was if the prisoner was fitted for so many strokes; if the Surgeon certified that the prisoner was fit it was all right.

Q--Have you ever objected to the way the Surgeon examined a prisoner?

A-No; I know nothing about that at all.

Q-Broadly speaking, would you undertake to govern Victoria Gaol and maintain strict discipline if you had not the power of ordering flogging?

A-No.

Q-What are your reasons?

A-I am afraid the results as regards discipline would be disastrous, I am under a general impression; I cannot go into details.

Q.-Would you be satisfied if the birch were substituted for the rattan and the present power of the Superintendent not interfered with?

A-I have no objection to trying the birch. I do not know anything about the birch; I have had no experience of it, and I cannot, of course, give any opinion on it.

Q--Do you think that the power of ordering floggings now vested in the Superintendent might safely be reduced to a maximum of six strokes if the rattan were retained.

A- No.

Q-Why not?

A-Six strokes is the ordinary number inflicted by the Superintendent.

( 64 )

Q-He has power-

A--He has power to give up to twelve.

Q-What was it in your case?

A-My rule was not to give more than six unless it was an occasion when I called a Visiting Justice.

Q-Supposing a man had one flogging at your orders and he got six strokes, did you ever raise it to twelve strokes without consulting a Justice?

A--Oh yes; I never consulted a Justice on those occasions.

Q-Supposing a man came up for a second flogging?

A-On an ordinary occasion of refusal to work my rule was in the first case, three days rice and water; the second, three days solitary confinement and rice and water; the third six strokes, and the fourth nine strokes, and if the man came up for the fifth time twelve strokes. That was what you might call my rule; of course I had exceptions.

Q-That was the principle?

A-That was the principle on which I went.

Q-Did you often call in Justices?

A--About two or three times.

Q-Do the Chinese obey Indians as readily as they obey Europeans? In your experience of the Gaol can you tell us that?

A-I think they do.

Q-Would you put Chinese on the Gaol staff?

A-No, certainly not.

Q-Why not?

A-They are not reliable enough.

Q-Do you think it is an objection that they would be looking after their own countrymen?

Gaol.

A-No, I do not think so.

Q-That they might be liable to smuggle anything into the Gaol?

A--Yes, that is one objection; they might be liable to smuggle anything into the

Q-And, being able to talk to them, convey to them outside news?

A-Yes, of course that would be one thing. The real objection is that Chinamen are more open to bribery than Indians.

Q-It is not the duty of the Superintendent to be present at all the floggings? A-No.

Q-I understand it is the duty of the Governor of an English Gaol to be present at the floggings. Do you not think it would be better to make it necessary for the Superintendent to be present at the floggings in Victoria Gaol ?

A-I do not see any advantage to be derived from it; the Medical Officer is present.

Q-Would not your presence be a check on the Medical Officer, and the Malical Officer's presence be a check on you, and the presence of both of you a check on the floggers?

( 65 )

A-I do not think such an elaborate check is necessary.

-Does it not follow there would be such a check?

A-A check on what?

Q-The Surgeon might say he considered a person was fit to go on with the flogging, and you might hold a different opinion, and then you might consult with him and after the consultation check the flogging, which would not be checked otherwise.

A-If the Surgeon said a man was fit to bear a number of strokes I would not interfere. Suppose a man had been sentenced to receive a certain number of strokes and the Surgeon certified that he was fit to receive them and the Surgeon was present at the flogging and did not stay the flogging I would not interfere.

Q--Did

you not give us an instance where the Surgeon wished to stop the flog- ging and you ordered it to go on?

A--That was only a conversation privately with the Surgeon. I would not have ordered the continuance of the flogging if the Surgeon had ordered it to stop. I was standing by more or less as a private individual, and the Surgeon was probably being deceived by the tremendous howling raised by the prisoner. As a matter of fact no result followed from that flogging.

Q--Do you not think that if the Superintendent were obliged to attend the flog- gings the number of floggings might drop?

first?

A--I do not see how that would affect it at all.

Q-In case of what floggings have you to obtain the sanction of the Governor

A--Floggings imposed by the Courts.

Q--Only the sentences by the Courts ?

A--Sentences by the Magistrate or the Supreme Court.

Q--At what hour do the floggings take place?

A--They take place in the forenoon.

Q-What hour?

A--When it is convenient for the warden to attend.

Q-Are they flogged in the presence of other prisoners?

A--No, in private.

Q--Suppose A, B, C, and D are being flogged in one day are B, C, and D present while A is flogged?

A--That is so.

Q---When you were Superintendent did the reports of misconduct reach you mostly through the Europeans or mostly through Indians?

A--Mostly through Europeans.

Q--I believe, under Rule 218, there is power to cut off the queue of a prisoner. "The queues of Chinese prisoners sentenced to imprisonment with hard labour for up- wards of 2 years may be cut off, and their hair cut close until within six months of their release, the queues may also be cut off short-sentenced prisoners if the Surgeon should consider it necessary for health or cleanliness; but such prisoner shall be allow- ed to appeal to the Governor about it, no queue shall be cut off under any circumstances without the special permission of the Governor." Have you formed any opinion as to whether it is advisable to take that form of punishment a little further--to extend it?

( 66 )

A--I have never thought about the matter.

Q-Now that it is mentioned, how does it strike you as a possible mode of punish-

ment?

A-Of course, I know that Chinese prefer to have their queue, but I think it would be rather a barbarous form of punishment to cut their queues off and send them out of Gaol without a tail.

Q--More barbarous than flogging?

A-I think so. A man can hide his flogging, but he cannot hide his cut queue.

Q-Do

you not think it would be a huge deterrent?

A-I cannot say.

-You will not venture an opinion?

A-I cannot say; I have not thought about it.

Q-Would you advise the cutting off the queues of short-sentence prisoners?

A-No, I should say not.

Q-The reason I believe you give is that they would be subjected to so much shame if they went out?

A-Yes, I think so.

Q-Do you not think if you cut off the queue it would have a very strong effect?

A-On short-sentenced prisoners?

-On both.

Q-

A-I do not think it would.

Q-Not if they were sent out of Gaol without queues ?

A-No, because the circumstances in this Colony are rather peculiar: a number of new men coming in every day; and you will find, I think, that most of the short- sentenced prisoners come to the Colony and are ignorant of the laws and therefore they would be ignorant of the custom.

Q-When you were Superintendent did the Europeans and Indians understand Chinese sufficiently to communicate with the prisoners?

A--As far as I recollect there were always one or two about the yard or corridor who could talk to a certain extent.

--Do you think they could talk sufficiently to understand a bonâ fide complaint? A--I think they knew enough to understand. if a prisoner wanted to see the Super- intendent.

Q-Or the doctor?

A-Or the doctor. One or two cases have occurred where a man has complained

to me that he was not allowed to see the doctor when he wanted to; but such a case is probably one in a thousand.

Q-In your experience has there been any difficulty in procuring the attendance of any one of the Justice?

A-No.

Q-How did you procure their attendance?

A-Send word round.

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Q-Write a note?

A-Yes.

Q-Have you met with any unwillingness on the part of the Justices of the Peace?

A-No.

Q-Have you met with any grumbling at the attendance?

A--No.

Q-Have you administered any floggings upon the complaint or evidence of a single Indian unsupported by other evidence?

A-I cannot say, no, I do not think so; I should say not.

Q-Did you notice whether one officer made more reports than another officer?

A-No, I have not noticed that.

Q-Does the Superintendent exercise any control over the Gaol hospital?

A-No, only to this extent, that he inspects it every time that he inspects the Gaol, but of course not having any scientific training he cannot interfere with what goes on in the hospital, but the Superintendent goes through the hospital.

Q-You looked through the hospital every time that you inspected the Gaol?

A-Yes.

Q-It was always made clean?

A-It was always made clean; there is no mistake about that.

Q-Rule 321 says:

"Marks shall be forfeited by prisoners for misconduct; 72 for flogging." Is that in vogue?

A-That was in vogue the first time I served as Superintendent at the Gaol, but I think that Rule is changed. New Rules were sent out about two years ago based on Rules in force at home, and there is no mention of forfeiting marks, which was, ipso facto, punishing a man.

Q--Has any repeal of that regulation been gazetted?

A--I think so; I think you will find it in 1893 or 1894.

Q-I understand Europeans are not required to do stone carrying?

A-Certainly.

Q-What is the reason for that distinction?

A-I do not know.

Q-Is it a valid distinction?

A-I think so.

Q-A European is put on shot drill and oakum picking?

A-A European has half shot drill and half oakum picking.

Q-What are the hours?

A-About six.

Q-Rule 288 says: "The hours of labour will not be less than six or more than ten daily, exclusive of meals.'

A-I cannot say straight off because there are a number of intervals. If you had a copy of the bell scale you could see at once.

( 68 )

-Will you turn to Rule 266 under the head of "Prison offences and punish- ment?" I want to go into the question of these Rules. Rule 266 says: "No prisoner shall be punished under the provisions of The Prisons Ordinance, 1885, until he has had an opportunity of hearing the charges and evidence against him, and of making his defence." Was that always carried out in your time?

A-Always.

Q-Rules 270 says: "The following acts are declared to be offences against Prison discipline, and there are eight categories. Rule 271 says: "It shall be lawful for the Superintendent to examine any prisoner touching such offences, and to punish them by ordering any offender to be kept in a punishment cell for not more than three days, on bread, or rice and water, or he may deprive a prisoner of his pork for not more than four meals at one time." Do you take it that that in any way empowers the flogging of a man?

A-No.

Q-Do

-Do you take it that Rule 271 specifies the way in which the Superintendent should deal with offences under Rule 270?

A-I should say that the punishment specified in Rule 271 would apply to the offences stated in Rule 270.

Q-Supposing any of the offences stated in Rule 270 are repeated, how do you deal with the prisoners?

A-I should deal with them under Rule 274.

Q-Under what part of the Rule?

A-“Any act of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means. It would not necessarily follow that I would do it on the second offence.

Q-Look at sub-section 6 of Rule 270-" Idleness or negligence at work by any convicted criminal prisoner." Supposing a man was chronically idle or neglected to do his work, would you have power, under Rule 274, to flog him for it?

A-I think so.

"The Superintendent may deprive

Q-How do you interpret Rule 272 which says: any prisoner of his evening meal for persistent and aggravated idleness, or refusal to labour ?"

A-Rule 272 has always been worked in this way: it has never been applied except in the case of men being discharged next day.

Q-Do

you not think that Rule 272 supplies the punishment for cases of persistent and aggravated idleness or refusal to labour?

A-I should not say in the third offence; it might do for the second. As a matter of fact I might say, as regards Rule 272, that it was unworkable in cases of pri- soners staying in the Gaol, because the Medical Officer was never present in the after-

noon.

Q-Could not arrangements have been made for his presence in the afternoon ?

A-I suppose he had other duties to perform; he had to attend civil servants and other people.

Q-The point I am driving at is this, that apparently for refusal to do duty and for aggravated and persistent idleness it has been common to punish prisoners under Rule 274, whereas it seems to me that Rule 272 provides specific punishments for specific offences and therefore would exclude the operation of Rule 274 in such cases.

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A-Not necessarily, because idleness or negligence at work might come in that part of Rule 274 referring to mutiny or conspiracy. I should say that conspiracy to refuse to labour is the same thing as mutiny.

Q-You say that conspiracy to refuse labour in the Gaol is equivalent to mutiny? A-Yes, it is equivalent to mutiny; at all events it requires to be dealt with under Rule 274.

Q-Now come to Rule 273. Have you ever put in "cross-irons of 10 lbs. weight, or less, or in handcuffs, any disorderly or violent prisoner ?"

A-No.

Q-For twenty-four hours at one time?

A-I do not recollect a case.

Q-If you do not recollect having done it yourself have you ever known a case of punishment of more than twenty-four hours with the aid of a Visiting Justice?

A-No such case, certainly.

Q-Now turn to Rule 274. I first ask you whether the report which the Super- intendent makes to the Governor is made before or after the flogging?

A--It is made after the flogging.

Q-Did you in any exceptional case make the report before the flogging?

A-Never.

Q--Now you see the offences that are specified there. "Mutiny or open incite- ment to mutiny in the prison, personal violence to any officer of the prison, repetition of threatening language to any officer or prisoner, and any act of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means." Can you state what interpretation you put upon these words: "Any act of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means?"

A--I think the only case that I have inflicted flogging under these terms was an aggravated refusal to labour.

Q--And you do not think that the persistent and aggravated refusal to labour is provided for by Rule 272 ?

A--No, not aggravated cases. Deprivation of the evening meal is not much of a punishment.

Q--It might not be, but the question is would you have been justified in acting under Rule 274 in flogging a man for persistent and aggravated idleness or refusal to labour, which seems to be provided for under Rule 272 ?

A--I think so.

Q--What interpretation, broadly speaking, do you put upon the words-“ Any act of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means ?" Can you specify a case?

A--As a general rule the act of insubordination that I have flogged for under these circumstances was one, generally, of the third refusal to perform the daily task. I do not recollect any other instance of the punishment of flogging except under these

terms.

Q---What in your opinion would constitute "mutiny or open incitement to mutiny in a prison ?"

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A--Well, of course, conspiracy in the prison to assault and break out of the prison or anything of that kind, or to destroy property. Of course, it is a general term ; it never really occurred. The only mutiny that I have had any experience of is what I say I believed was the conspiracy on the part of a large number of prisoners to refuse to do the labour.

Q- Did you order many floggings on account of personal violence offered to any officer of the prison ?

A-Not very many.

Q--Was that a common kind of offence ?

A--Not very common.

Q--Did you order floggings for aggravated or repeated acts of violence by prisoners?

A--Now and again.

Q--Is that common?

A-Not very common.

Q--Did you order floggings for repetition of threatening language by a prisoner ?

A--Yes; it is not very common.

Q--Supposing a man indulges in profane cursing and swearing and obscene

language?

water.

A-If it was ordinary Chinese cursing I have sent them in for three days rice and

Q--Supposing he went on in the same way and was reported three or four times over for profane cursing and swearing and obscene language, how would you punish

him?

A--I expect it would have to come to flogging. I do not recollect any such case. The only case that I remember having inflicted flogging in was the case of a European- a ship's boy-who used the foulest language towards the officer in charge of the party. I had told him that if he used such language on a second occasion he would be flogged.

Q--Had you any power at all to flog him for such an offence?

A--I think so.

Q-Under what?

A-I should say if it does not come under repetition of threatening language- Q-That is quite a distinct thing. In sub-sections 3 and 5 you will find swearing and obscene language in one category, and insulting or threatening language in another category.

A-As I have said before I should say that the repetition of offences which come under Rule 270 can be dealt with under Rule 274.

Q--That was the way you interpreted the Rules? A-That was the way I interpreted the Rules.

-What do you think insubordination comprises?

A-1 should say any act whatever against the rules of the Gaol. It is in the discretion of the Superintendent to judge whether it is an act of insubordination which requires extraordinary powers to suppress.

Q-Supposing there was repeated indecent behaviour by any prisoner, how would you punish that prisoner?

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A--Certainly by flogging.

Q-And bring him under "any act of insubordination that requires to be sup- pressed by extraordinary means?"

A-Yes.

Q-Coming to Rule 275.

"If any criminal prisoner is guilty of any offence;"

what do you take that to mean? Under what rule?

A-Under the Rule laying down the duty of the prisoners.

Q-Do you not think it refers specially to offences specified in Rule 277?

A-Yes, certainly, I should say so.

Q-And the "Prison Regulations" would cover the whole range of these regula-

tions?

A-Yes.

Q-Breaches of prison discipline would be offences under Rule 270 I suppose?

A-They are laid down in Rule 270. The eighth section of Rule 270 really covers everything that is not specified in the first seven.

Q-Rule 275. "If any criminal prisoner is guilty of any such offence, or of a breach of the Prison Regulations or of discipline, for the due punishment of which the Superintendent of the Prison may deem the powers vested in him insufficient." What interpretation do you put upon that?

A-That practically means if the Superintendent of the Prison thinks a man ought to have more than twelve strokes in case the offence is proved.

Q-Under Rule 275 an alternative punishment is given which might be inflicted by the Superintendent in conjunction with a Visiting Justice after enquiry, and the first alternative is by "close and solitary confinement on bread, or rice and water, for a period not exceeding fourteen days." Did you resort to that often?

A-No.

Q-Do you remember any case where you have called in a Visiting Justice to administer such a punishment?

A-Yes, in 1891.

Q-What is the effect upon a prisoner of close confinement on bread, or rice and water, for a period of fourteen days?

A-I should say it was unhealthy for a prisoner.

Q. -But punitively it is a good punishment?

A-I do not think it is such a good punishment as flogging.

Q-Then other cases come under Rule 275; has the Justice generally sentenced the prisoner to be whipped?

A-Certainly; nearly always.

Q-Now coming to Rule 277. That specifies the following offences for which male prisoners will be liable to corporal punishment. The first part is practically a recapitulation of 274. The second part refers to damage to property, and the third the making a disturbance in prison. Have you punished people with flogging under the second and third sections of Rule 277?

A-Yes.

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-Do you consider that the Superintendent can punish under the second and third portions of that section by himself?

A-Yes, I think so.

Q-Up to what extent?

A-Up to twelve strokes.

Q-And do you read Rule 277 along with Rule 274?

A-Yes.

Q--As importing additional offences into Rule 274?

A-No; I read the second and third parts of Rule 277 as a further detail of

any act of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means in Rule 274. That is to say, if a man was liable to thirty-six strokes under Rule 277 it was in the discretion of the Superintendent to give him twelve under Rule 274.

Q. You do not think that these two parts of Rule 277 in any way relate to offences which may only be dealt with by the Superintendent in conjunction with a Visiting Justice?

A-No, certainly not.

Q-What kind of minutes of evidence did

A-In ordinary cases?

Q-Yes, did you take any minutes ?

you

take ?

A-No minutes except a note of the sentence.

Q-You simply had oral evidence and you did not take it down at all ?

A-No.

Q-Was that your interpretation of Rule 266? "No prisoner shall be punished under the provisions The Prison Ordinance, 1885, until he has had an opportunity of hearing the charges and evidence against him, and of making his defence.'

A-Yes; they always had the opportunity of hearing the charges and evidence against them and of making their defence.

Q-You did not take any notes of the evidence nor the defence made by a prisoner?

A-No.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-The first time you punished with flogging, how many strokes did you give?

WITNESS-Six strokes.

Q-Did you flog a prisoner more than once before you sent for a Visiting Justice? Did you flog him twice on your own responsibility?

A-Oh yes, frequently.

Q-Of course, you have heard of these two special cases of which one resulted in death, can you suggest any other substitute for the rattan ?

A-I have had no experience.

Q--You were Superintendent during the whole of last year?

A-Yes; nearly the whole.

Q-There appeared to be something like two thousand prisoners more than in 1891, and the flogging was double?

( 73 )

A-Yes, I explained that before you came in.

Dr. ATKINSON-Have you had any experience of Gaol administration at home?

WITNESS-No.

Q-Do you think the Chinese prisoners would rather submit to a flogging and subsequent rest in Gaol to doing the hard labour?

A-If you do not flog them they will not do hard labour.

Q-What I mean is that to escape hard labour they prefer in some cases to be flogged.

while

none.

A--No, I do not think so.

Q--What is the greatest number of floggings you have administered in one day

you have been Superintendent of the Gaol?

A-I do not know the figures.

Q--Roughly?

A-I have certainly sent up twelve in one day.

Q--That is exceptional, I suppose?

A-That is exceptional; generally there are not more than three, and often

Q--There were over 500 floggings, I think, in 1895 ?

A-Over 400.

THE CHAIRMAN-The total I have here for 1895 is 535 ?

Dr. ATKINSON-You say the reason for that great increase is, in your opinion, a conspiracy by a large number of inmates to refuse to do hard labour ?

A-Yes.

Q-How do you think they can conspire together? They are not allowed to talk. A-They do it.

Q-If that was the case one would think it occurred in a limited period.

A-It does occur in a limited period. In two months, as far as I can recollect, there were as many as 140 floggings.

Q-Is it customary to report to the Governor in every case of flogging?

A-In every case.

Q-Were you asked by the Governor for the reason of the increase in the number of floggings?

A-I was asked to report on a despatch from the Secretary of State on the number of floggings in 1894.

Q-I

suppose you are aware that at home floggings are very rarely administered, and the Governor's power is very much inore limited there than it is here ?

A-Yes, I think so.

Q-Do you not think that other forms of punishment might be administered at the Gaol ?

A-What other forms?

Cross-irons is one allowed in the Regulations.

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A-I do not think that is much of a punishment. In this climate one can lic down in cross-irons and be quite comfortable.

Q-Do you think the Chinese dread solitary confinement?

A-I do not think they like it, but I do not think it is much of a punishment.

Q-Not much of a deterrent ?

A--No. I should go so far as to say that in the case of a man who did not like hard labour it would be no punishment at all.

Q-I think you said that cutting the diet down and confining an inmate to rice and water is much more of a punishment to Chinamen than the ordinary punishment?

-No, I do not think so.

Q-There is a Rule that the Superintendent may deprive any prisoner of his evening meal for persistent and aggravated idleness, or refusal to labour.

A-That Rule is only used in the case of a man who is going out next morning.

Q-Is it limited to that?

A- In practice; it is not limited to that in theory. In practice it is limited to a man who is leaving the Gaol the next morning.

Q-Why is that?

A-It is convenient.

Q-Do you not think it would be better to deprive them of the evening meal?

A-When would you deprive them of the evening meal? I think depriving them of the evening meal for the second offence is not much of a punishment, and I would not deprive them of the evening meal for the first offence. It is a matter of practice; I used to give them three days' rice and water.

Q-They cannot get more than three days rice and water?

A-No.

Q-Are there any other forms of punishment you can suggest in lieu of the pre- sent forins of hard labour at the Gaol ?

A-No.

Q-Which form of hard labour has been the cause of most flogging?

A-The crank.

Q-What are the number of revolutions ?

A-12,500, I think. The number is less than it is at home.

Q-But the physique of a Chinaman is always less than that of a European?

A-Taking that into consideration it should be known that no prisoner is put on the crank except the old offenders.

Q-Is it chiefly old offenders who are flogged?

A-Chiefly old offenders, Yes.

Q-Is the same number of revolutions required in the summer as in the winter?

A-Yes; of course, the matter is left to the judgment of the Medical Officer in

each case.

Q-Were the Indian Turnkeys appointed during your terms of office?

A-Yes.

}

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Q-Can you tell us, roughly, the hours of duty of the European Turnkeys at the

Gaol?

A-About ten hours a day, I think.

Q-What are the hours of duty of the Police?

A-Six, I think.

Q-Does it not strike you that the hours of duty of the European staff are excessive?

A-I think they are rather long. At the same time their duties are not the same and they work under cover.

Q-More monotonous ?

A-Yes. I must say I have always been of opinion that the hours of duty are rather long.

Q-Do you not think that might have caused a good deal of the alcoholism to which you refer?

A-I do not think so. I think alcoholism was developed before.

Q-Do

you not think the Europeans are more intelligent as Turnkeys?

A-Not the local class of men; I should say the present men are intelligent.

--Was the object of the change to effect economy ?

A-No, to improve the staff. You engage men from hoine on a larger salary than you engage men locally.

-Do you think the Gaol is sufficiently manned with turnkeys?

A-I think so.

Q-You think the hours of duty are too long?

A-Yes. If you cut down the hours you will want to have one or two more men. THE CHAIRMAN-Have you any suggestions to make with regard to the question of flogging?

WITNESS--No, I think you have got all out of me that I have to say. I would like to add however that I would not undertake the charge of the Gaol without power of flogging administered by myself.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS--As a matter of fact the Visiting Justices are never backward about flogging?

WITNESS-I know one Visiting Justice who has declared he will not administer flogging under any consideration whatever. I will not mention his name because he told me privately. I have never found the Justices backward.

Dr. ATKINSON—And the main reason why you did not more often call in a Justice was the difficulty-

WITNESS-No, not in my time; I thought my own powers were sufficient to cope with the cases.

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Meeting held on Saturday, 20th June, 1896.

Present: His Honour Mr. T. SERCOMBE SMITH, (Acting Puisne Judge), Chairman.

Hon. Commander W. C. H. HASTINGS, R.N., Acting Police Magistrate.

Dr. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon.

Mr. HENRY BRIDGMAN HENDERSON LETHBRIDGE examined.

THE CHAIRMAN-You are Superintendent of Victoria Gaol?

WITNESS-I am.

Q-Mr. LETHBRIDGE, I propose to examine you in three sections as it were. In the first instance I propose to ask you questions regarding the rules; then I propose to ask you questions regarding the cases of prisoners 528 and 704; and then I propose to ask you general questions in regard to flogging. Will you turn to the Rules regulating Prison offences and punishments? Under Rule 266 what opportunity is afforded a prisoner of hearing the charges and evidence against him and of making his defence?

A-He is brought before me into the adjudication room at an appointed time. The officer who makes the report against him appears and states the nature of the report. The report is interpreted by the interpreter to the prisoner, and the prisoner is then asked what he has to say in his defence. He states his defence and it is interpreted to me. I consider it and deal with the prisoner.

Q-Is the evidence given on oath?

A-No.

Q-Are the evidence and the prisoner's defence taken down in writing and kept on record?

A-No.

Q-Why are not those formal steps taken?

A-It has not been the custom in the Prison, and I do not think it is the custom in any prison when hearing cases before the Governor or Superintendent.

Q-In cases requiring the assistance of a Justice of the Peace under Rule 275

is the evidence committed to writing and kept on record?

A-Yes; the evidence in such cases is taken on oath.

Q-There is no provision in the rule that that shall be done?

A-No.

Q-What reason is there for confining the practice to inquiries under Rule 275?

A-Because the offences are of a much more serious nature which are tried by a Visiting Justice in conjunction with the Superintendent, and there is a heavier punish- ment liable to be inflicted.

Q-Supposing the Government wanted to know the evidence upon which you yourself had punished a prisoner, you could hardly supply them with it?

A--No, I could not give word for word what was said; I could give the substance of it.

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-Now under Rule 270 eight classes of acts are declared to be offences against Prison discipline. For the first offence under any one of these classes, what punishment may the Superintendent inflict and under what Rule?

A-He may inflict three days' confinement in a punishment cell on punishment diet under Rule 271.

Q-Or he may deprive a prisoner of his pork?

A-Or he may deprive a prisoner of his pork. He might also be put back to a period of No. 1 labour under Rule 287 or a period of No. 2 labour; it would depend upon what labour the prisoner was doing. A prisoner on light labour--No. 3 labour-might be put back to No. 2 or to No. 1 labour according to the nature of his offence.

Q-Do you read the words under Rule 271, "It shall be lawful for the Superintendent to examine any such.prisoner touching such offence" as binding upon you to examine?

A-Most certainly.

Q-What do you understand by "disobedience of the regulations of the Prison in Rule 270, sub-section 1?

A-Talking, or effacing an order board, or leaving without permission his party or place where he is located.

Q-How do you punish such disobedience if repeated?

A-If repeated, and if it is a trivial offence, I should give him from one to three days' rice and water. If he is on No. 1 labour-on crank labour-I might give him three days' or seven days extra on No. 1 labour.

Q-Would you flog him at all?

A-I might put him on three days' solitary with rice and water and I might whip him, but only if the disobedience were such that it amounted to insubordination.

Q-What is that-three days' solitary rice and water?

A-It is punishment diet in a darkened punishment cell. Q-Have you ever resorted to flogging in such a case?

A-Yes; refusal to labour.

Q-I am speaking simply of disobedience of the regulations of the Prison?

A--I consider that repeated refusal to labour is disobedience of the Prison Regulations.

Q-But refusal to labour is provided for by another section entirely, is it not?

A--I do not take it as such.

Q-Have you ever flogged a man then for disobedience of the Regulations of the

Prison?

A-A man has been whipped. It was a case of a prisoner who feigned madness, and it could hardly be said that he was whipped for a minor offence. He was whipped because he would not work.

Q-What I mean is this: there is a distinct difference between refusal to labour, as I take it under these Regulations, and disobedience of the Regulations of the Prison?

A-Certainly.

Q-What I want to know is, have you for what you considered an act of disobe- dience of the Regulations of the Prison ever sentenced a man to be flogged?

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A-No.

Q-How have you punished such disobedience if repeated? inflicted the punishment of flogging?

Have you ever

A-Three days' rice and water is the utmost I can give a prisoner for repeated disobedience of the Prison Regulations unless of a serious nature.

Q-How do you punish a man for repeated assaults on a fellow-prisoner?

A--I should whip him. I might give him six strokes, or I might give him twelve strokes, according to the nature of the assault.

Q-That is distinctly provided for by Rule 274?

A-Yes.

Q-How do you punish insulting language--not embracing threatening language- towards an officer or prisoner?

A-Three days' rice and water.

Q-Repeated insulting language?

A-Three days' rice and water and a prolonged period of No. 1 labour.

Q-Have you ever inflicted the punishment of flogging for repeated insulting language to any officer or prisoner?

crime.

A-It must have been a very gross case that whipping was resorted to for such a

Q-Do you remember ever having inflicted it for repeated insulting language?

A-No.

Q--Do you consider that under section 1 of Rule 277 you would have the power of doing it ?

A--There is the power.

Q-How do you punish a repetition of threatening language to any officer or prisoner ?

case.

A-I should give the prisoner three days' solitary rice and water.

Q-That is for repetition?

A-That is for repetition.

Q-Would you not deal with him under Rule 274?

A-If it was a very gross case I might inflict a whipping; it must be a very gross

Q-How do you punish persistent and aggravated idleness?

A-Three days' solitary rice and water is the extreme that I should give him, and a prolonged period on No. 1 labour.

Q-Have you ever flogged a man for persistent and aggravated idleness?

A-Yes.

Q-Under what rule?

A-When I consider it becomes an act of insubordination I should whip him under Rule 274.

Q-Will you refer to Rule 272? "The Superintendent may deprive a prisoner of his evening meal for persistent and aggravated idleness?"

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A-For persistent and aggravated idleness I mean to say that I should whip a man if it was a case where a man had been reported at least three times for not completing his crank task, but not for any other offence. When a man shows that he positively will not complete the task allotted to him.

Q-The question is, does not Rule 272 provide a specific punishment for persistent and aggravated idleness, and by inference exclude punishment under Rule 274?

A-I consider that when a man will not perform his task-I will not say he absolutely refuses to work altogether-but when he persistently refuses to complete his task and minor punishments have failed to make him work then I do not see any other rule under which you can punish a man except Rule 274; such a case must be a case of insubordination.

Q-Then you include bad cases of persistent and aggravated idleness amongst acts of insubordination under Rule 274?

A--Yes.

Q-Referring again to Rule 270, you will observe that repetition of the offences of assaults on a fellow-prisoner and threatening language to any officer or prisoner may be visited by flogging under Rule 274. Does it not occur to you that as repetitions of certain offences mentioned in Rule 270 are specifically adverted to in Rule 274, Rule 274 does not specially apply to repetition of other offences mentioned in 270?

A--No, I do not take it to be confined to the offences specifically mentioned. It goes on to say "any act of insubordination," which I take it means to include any other of those offences which are enumerated in Rule 270 which may be repeated and which may become acts of insubordination.

Q-You say it means any other act of insubordination not already provided for?

A-Yes.

Q-Do you not think that the effect of assigning a special punishment in a rule for a certain offence is to exclude the operation of another rule relating to a different kind of punishment?

A-I think that when the punishment specified in a rule for certain offences has been tried and failed, it becomes compulsory to inflict a heavier punishment. It is obviously of no use to inflict the same punishment if a man persists in committing the same crime every time. It shows that the punishment is insufficient for the offence.

Q-Though we might be inclined to agree with you on that point, yet the ques- tion is, have you the power to do so?

A-I consider that when a prisoner repeatedly commits an offence against dis- cipline and against the Prison Rules it then becomes "an act of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means," and I have no hesitation in saying that I never felt I was acting contrary to the Regulations in whipping him under Rule 274.

Q-How do instance of it?

you define "disorderly conduct" under Rule 273? Will you give us

A-Shouting, singing, using abusive language.

Q-Obscene language is already provided for by sub-section 3 of Rule 270.

A-The language might not be obscene.

Q-Have you ever whipped a man for repeated acts of disorderly conduct or repeated acts of shouting?

A-No.

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Q-What degree or kind of disorderly conduct would raise the offence to the level of an act of insubordination under Rule 274 ?

A-Disorderly conduct is really a crime for which I should not whip a prisoner. unless it was anything extreme.

Q-Supposing a man persisted in ten days' holloaing and shouting, what would you do with him?

any

A-If it was such a very gross case as that and I found I could not stop him in other way, I should then feel justified in whipping him.

-You consider that an "act of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means?"

A-Most certainly.

Q-Do you take it that the words "persistent and aggravated" in Rule 272 qualify "refusal to labour?"

A-No.

Q--You have not read the Rule in that way?

A-I have not read the Rule in that way.

Q-Rule 272 provides the punishment for refusal to labour, does it not?

A-It does.

Q-Do you make use of this punishment?

A-Yes, I make use of it in cases of prisoners sentenced to fourteen days and under. Q-Do you not make use of it in the case of long-sentence prisoners?

A-No.

Q-Why not?

A-Because their labour, as a rule, is a different class of labour, and they set a very bad example in the yard by refusing, and I consider that a heavier punishment is necessary. To stop the supper only in case of refusal to labour would be absolutely useless. Prisoners would refuse to labour more constantly-prisoners would cease to labour even in the forenoon, knowing that perhaps for the first time they would only have their supper stopped; and other prisoners would follow suit.

Q-But is not the punishment of deprivation of the evening meal the punishment specifically laid down for refusal to labour; and that being so ought you not to impose that punishment in the case of refusal to labour?

A--In such cases the punishment has been found absolutely insufficient for the gravity of the offence. I was told that when I took charge of the Prison.

Q-You see the question is: what is the punishment laid down for certain offences? it is not a question whether you consider that the punishment laid down for certain offences is sufficient or insufficient. I put it to you again. In the case of a long-sen- tence prisoner who the first time refused to labour, how is he punished?

A-If I see that the prisoner has been working up to a certain time and he complains of weakness I caution the prisoner if I consider that the prisoner was not really fit for the work; but in the case of an able-bodied man who refuses to labour I then give him three days' solitary rice and water. I consider that to be serious disobedience of the Prison Rules.

Q-For what cases would you impose the punishment of flogging for refusal to labour?

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A-Repetition of refusal to labour.

Q-How many times?

A-Twice.

Q-On the second offence you would give him a flogging?

A-On the second offence I would whip him.

Q-Does it not occur to you that the words "persistent and aggravated" qualify the words" idleness and refusal to labour?"

would

A-" Persistent and aggravated," I take it, refer to idleness.

Q-And not to "refusal to labour?"

A-And not to "refusal to labour." There is a comma after the word "idleness." Q--Supposing the words "persistent and aggravated" refer to refusal to labour, you be justified in flogging a man for persistent and aggravated refusal to labour?

A-Yes.

--Do you ever put a disorderly prisoner in cross-irons or in handcuffs?

A-I have done so.

Q---Not for the first offence, I suppose?

A-It all depends. If the prisoner is so violent-

Q-I am not speaking about the violence; I am speaking only of disorderliness at present.

A-No, I should not put him in cross-irons.

Q--For a second or third offence would

you?

A-For a second or third offence I would put him in cross-irons.

Q--Does it not appear to you that for the first offence of disorderly conduct the first thing to do is to keep the man in a punishment ceil for not more than three days, or deprive him of his pork under Rule 271; and that Rule 273 points to the further restraint in the case of repeated disorderly conduct?

A-Yes; I should certainly not put a man in cross-irons for the first offence of disorderly conduct. I think that was the question you asked me ?

Q-Yes. Then it would take a great deal to bring an act of disorderly conduct up to the level of an "act of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means under Rule 274, would it not?

A-Yes.

Q-I suppose you distinguish between a violent prisoner and a prisoner who offered

violence to an officer?

A-Certainly.

Q-The punishment to a prisoner who offers violence to any officer is under Rule 274. He may be whipped?

A-Yes.

Q---Have you ever punished a violent prisoner by flogging him?

A--No.

Q--Do you think you have power to punish a violent prisoner by flogging him? A-It might come under an act of insubordination.

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Q-Have you often imposed the punishment of restraint in cross-irons or handcuffs?

A-No.

Q-It is an incommon way of punishment?

A-Very.

Q-Cannot you resort to it a little more frequently with benefit and effect?

A-I do not think so.

Q- -When you have punished a man under Rule 273, have you done it on your own initiative or have you obtained the advice of a Visiting Justice first?

A--I have done it on my own initiative for a short period.

Q-Not more than twenty-four hours?

A-Certainly not.

Q-Have you ever called in a Justice of the Peace to help you?

A--As far as I remember I have on one occasion.

Q-Do you consider the punishments set out in Rules 272 and 273 are supplementary to, or cumulative on, punishments that can be inflicted under Rule 271? Are they in addition to, or substituted for, punishments that may be inflicted under Rule 271 ?

A-I do not quite follow.

Q-Are the punishments that may be inflicted under Rules 272 and 273 in addition to, or in substitution for, punishments that may be inflicted under Rule 271, in your opinion?

A--Do I understand you to say that I would be justified in giving a prisoner three days' rice and water in addition to putting him in cross-irons ?

Q-Yes, putting him in cross-irons in addition to giving him rice and water. A--No.

Q-You consider then that the punishments under Rule 273 are substituted for the punishments under Rule 271 ?

A--Yes.

Q-And the same as regards the punishments in Rule 272?

A-Yes, certainly.

Q-The Rule under which the Superintendent himself may order a flogging is Rule 274. What, in your opinion, constitutes "mutiny" under that Rule?

A-If a number of prison ers in the yard were to combine together for an improper

purpose.

Q--Anything more?

A-No, I do not think so. I think prisoners combining together for an improper purpose constitutes mutiny.

Q--Have you had occasion to order flogging for this offence?

A-Never.

Q-If you found an agreement between two or more prisoners to retuse work, would you consider that mutiny?

A-No.

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Q-The word you think points to an insurrection or open resistance on the part of a number of people?

A--Yes.

Q-By a number of people or by a labour gang wilfully resisting the officers in charge?

A-Yes.

Q--If the first four classes of offences mentioned in Rule 274 come under no other Rule, do you not think that the fifth class of offences, acts of insubordination, &c., embraces only such acts of insubordination as are not provided for by any other Rule?

A--No, I do not.

Q-But assuming that the fifth class of offences embraces only such acts of insub- ordination as are not provided for by any other Rule, do you not think that this view is strengthened by observing that certain offences punishable under Rules 270 and 271 are only upon repetition made punishable under Rule 274 ? Aggravated or repeated assault on a fellow-prisoner" is practically a repetition of common assault under Rule

270?

A-Not so.

Q Repetition of threatening language" simply means repeated offences under sub-section 5 of Rule 270 ?

A-Yes.

Q-Do you not think that the mention in Rule 274 of repetition of two classes of offences under Rule 270 excludes from the operation of Rule 274 repetition of offences under Rule 270, which are not made punishable under Rule 274 ?

A-No. For instance, if a man persisted in wilfully mismanaging his work-that is mentioned in Rule 270, sub-section 7-if he persisted in wilfully mismanaging his work, I consider he would then be guilty of an act of insubordination and that he would be liable to be whipped under Rule 274. I mention that as an instance.

Q--But as there are specific instances of repetition mentioned in Rule 274, if Rule 274 had been intended to include repetitions of other offences, is not the inference that these other offences would have been mentioned in Rule 274 ?

A-I do not read the Rule in that way; it distinctly says "Any act."

Q-In the same way, you do not think the punishment assigned in Rule 272 for persistent and aggravated refusal to labour excludes flogging under Rule 274 for persistent refusal to labour?

A-No.

Q--How have you interpreted the words "acts of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means" occurring in Rule 274?

A-Repeated disobedience of the Regulations, notably refusal to labour, personal violence to an officer of the Prison, and repeated assaults on a fellow-prisoner.

Q--These are included above?

A-Yes, and wilfully destroying Gaol property.

-Under Rule 274 there are four classes of offences dealt with first of all, but I will not refer to these. I want to know what you have been in the habit of considering came within the phrase--" Any act of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means."

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A-I might say any act of repeated disobedience of the Regulations or wilfully damaging Gaol property. I am very careful about the offence for which I whip. Repeated refusal to labour is the offence-the chief offence-for which whipping is inflicted by myself.

Q- -Now you have seen the general trend of my questions. It has been this: that the insertion in Rule 274 of punishment for repeated offences which, if committed for the first time, would have been punishable under other Rules, seems to point to the fact that it was not intended by Rule 274 to inflict punishment for repetition of other offences not mentioned specifically in Rule 274. Now in view of the questions that have been put to you, do you not think that your interpretation of the words "Any act of insubordination requiring to be dealt with by extraordinary means" has been too liberal?

A---No.

Q-Coming to Rule 275, to what offence do the words "any offence" at the begin- ning of Rule 275 refer? "If any criminal prisoner is guilty of any offence," &c.

&c. In what sense do you apply that?

A-Any offence that a prisoner may commit against the Prison Regulations.

Q-The next clause says:

"or a breach of the Prison Regulations." What offences

refer to a breach of the Prison Regulations ?

A-Perhaps minor offences.

-Can you detail them?

A-Offences such as talking.

Q--That is an offence you would call disorderly conduct?

A-Shouting I call disorderly conduct.

Q-Shouting and talking are disorderly conduct; and you say it refers to defaults of that kind ?

A- Not under this section which renders a man liable to be whipped.

Q-That is the question. If any criminal prisoner is guilty of any offence under the first part you can only punish him by close and solitary confinement; it is not a question of flogging. I want to know what defaults or what acts you would consider an offence under the first part of Rule 275 entitling a Visiting Justice in conjunction with the Superintendent, after enquiry, to punish such prisoner by close or solitary con- finement on bread, or rice and water, for a period not exceeding fourteen days?

A-For any offence that is not mentioned in the preceding paragraph-274, if repeated and of an aggravated nature.

Q-I want to draw your particular attention to the three sorts of acts for which a prisoner may be punished after inquiry by a Visiting Justice by close and solitary confinement, etc. It

It says "Any offence or breach of the Prison Regulations or of discipline." Now take the case of Prison discipline. Rule 270 says:

"The following acts are declared to be offences against Prisou discipline," and there are eight categories of offences. It says, in Rule 275, if, in your opinion, you deem that any breach of Prison discipline,-that is, any breach under Rule 270-for the due punishment of which you may deem the powers vested in you insufficient, it shall be lawful for you, as Superintendent, in conjunction with a Visiting Justice, after inquiry to punish such prisoner by close or solitary confinement, etc., etc. Do you not think, as Rule 275 requires the presence of a Justice to help you and that the only punishment that may be inflicted under the first part of Rule 275 is confined to close or solitary confinement on bread, or rice and water, that it implies that you have no power to whip a man for any offence under Rule 270 which is not, by reason of repetition, made an offence under Rule 274?

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A-It all hinges upon what you call "any act of insubordination."

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-Some time ago a man threw a shot at you?

WITNESS-That is personal violence to an officer of the Prison and comes under Rule 274, and is mentioned in Rule 274 as an offence which renders a prisoner liable to corporal punishment. You are referring to offences which I deal with myself?

THE CHAIRMAN-I want to know what that word "offence" means in Rule 275, at the beginning. Now look at the latter part of Rule 275 "Or in the case of a male prisoner guilty of any offence in the preceding Rule"-that is Rule 274-"by personal correction not exceeding thirty-six strokes if an adult, nor twelve if a juvenile." That clearly draws a distinction between an offence in the first part of Rule 275 and between a breach of discipline and the offences in Rule 274, does it not?

A-Yes.

-Taking the two parts of this Rule 275 as constituting various sets of punish- ments for various sets of offences, do you not think that the Rule emphasises the fact that for offences of breaches of the Prison discipline under Rule 270 you may not 'punish by flogging even if they are repeated except the repetitions are also provided for under Rule 274?

A-I think that might be an interpretation of the Rule, certainly. I think the Rules are extremely difficult to interpret; but I think I might state that since I have been here I have never really whipped on my own responsibility except for repeated wilful misconduct and chiefly for refusal to labour.

Q-Do you not think that refusal to labour would be one of the offences coming under the word "offence" used in the first part of Rule 275?

A-It depends upon the nature of the refusal. A man will come off punished for refusal to labour. He goes into the yard; he is put to his labour, and he immediately refuses. Is that man to be made to do his work or is he not? That is the question which I put to myself. I say that when a man goes to prison he has to obey certain rules; he absolutely refuses to obey them and under those circumstances I consider that he has committed an act of insubordination, and under Rule 274, I repeat what I said before, that I have no hesitation whatever in whipping such a prisoner.

Q---That is the interpretation you put upon it?

A-That is the interpretation I put upon it. I quite see what you mean--that these Rules are framed in such a way that they might leave an opening for a misunder- standing.

Q-Then does not the distinction which I have drawn between the two parts of Rule 275 make it clear that the offences for which the punishment of solitary confine- ment, &c. may be imposed are not the same as the offences for which personal correction may be imposed? Is not that so?

A--The Rule seems to point to that.

Q-But as the offences for which personal correction may be imposed are the offences in Rule 274, it follows, does it not, first that "offences" at the beginning of Rule 275 does not refer to an offence under Rule 274, and next that it does refer to an offence other than those detailed in Rule 274?

A-Yes, that might be a construction.

Q-Now this brings us back to the interpretation of "any act of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means.' Are you still of opinion that those words embrace constant refusal to labour?

A--Yes, most certainly.

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Now turn to Rule 277. What, in your opinion, is the object of that rule which "The following offences committed by male prisoners will render them liable to corporal punishment"?

says:

A-It specifies the offences for which whipping may be administered.

-Do you take it that it specifies the offences for which whipping may be ad- ministered by the Superintendent alone or by the Superintendent in conjunction with a Justice of the Peace?

A-I think, generally taken, it means in conjunction with a Justice of the Peace.

Q-Now the first section of Rule 277 is a repetition of Rule 274 with the exception that the words "any act of insubordination, &c." are left out, and that the repetition of insulting language is put in. Rule 274 only refers to repetition of threatening language. The second section relates to the wilful breaking or destruction of Prison property, and the third section relates to disturbance under punishment, and any act of gross misconduct or insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraor- dinary means?

A-Yes.

Q--This Rule really creates three classes of offences for which corporal punishment may be inflicted:-repeated insulting language, wilful breaking of Prison property, and disturbance under punishment?

A-Yes.

Q-And corporal punishment may be inflicted for an offence under section 2 of Rule 277 ?

A-By thirty-six strokes.

Q-That is in conjunction with a Justice of the Peace?

A-Yes.

Q-But here I am in a difficulty. If you put that interpretation upon it, does it not seem to you that that contradicts the latter part of Rule 275 which

says: "in the case of a male prisoner an offence under the preceding rule may be punished by personal correction, not exceeding thirty-six strokes if an adult, nor twelve if a juvenile ?" You have it laid down in Rule 275 that in cases of male prisoners guilty of offences under Rule 274 the Superintendent may in conjunction with a Justice of the Peace punish with strokes not exceeding thirty-six, &c. Now in the second part of Rule 277 you seem to have additional offences. Do you think that the Rule really relates to punishment by a Justice of the Peace.?

A-I think the Superintendent would be justified in inflicting a whipping for the offence.

Q-Do you think that you can call in a Justice of the Peace to assist you?

A-I do. For any offence that I could not deal with I think I should be quite justified in calling in a Justice of the Peace to assist me.

Q-The question is, would these Rules allow you to call in a Justice of the Peace for the purpose of inflicting thirty-six strokes upon a man who had wilfully and maliciously broken Prison windows, after reading the latter part of Rule 275 ?

A-I take it that was the intention-most distinctly the intention.

Q--And you do not think that the view that fresh offences created by Rule 277 may be punished by flogging in conjunction with a Justice of the Peace-you do not think that view would be precluded by the latter part of Rule 275?

A-It is not intended it should be precluded.

( 87 )

I mean on the literal construction of it. Now that it is put to you in this way, do you not think that punishment by a Visiting Justice of a fresh offence created by Rule 277 is precluded by the latter part of Rule 275 ?

A-As the Rule reads?

Q-That is all you are to be guided by, I am afraid.

A-Most certainly it does.

Q-Do you not think that the reasonable construction of Rule 277 is that the Super- intendent may order a flogging for any offence under that Rule ?

A-Yes.

Q--That the words "Any act of insubordination, &c." in Rule 274 are to be inter- preted by reference to Rule 277?

A-Yes.

Q-That the words "Any other act of gross misconduct or insubordination requiring &c." in the third part of Rule 277 are to be construed in relation to gross misconduct and insubordination when under punishment?

A-No.

Q Can you give me your reason?

A-I am referring to the Home Prison Regulations. On page 58 of the Home Prison Regulations, section 57, the cases detailed which render a prisoner liable to cor- poral punishment are set out in exactly the same way as the offences mentioned in Rule 277 of the Victoria Gaol Regulations. The offences for which a prisoner may be flogged under the Rules for the Government of Convict Prisons, section 107 on page 22, are enumerated in exactly the same way as those enumerated in section 57 in the Local Prison Code, and sub-section 3 of Rule 57 is divided up into two sections in the Rules for the Government of Convict Prisons. Rule 107 of the Convict Prison Rules, sub- section 3, contains the following words:-"when under punishment wilfully making a disturbance tending to interrupt the order and discipline of the Prison." Then there is a separate section-section 4-which follows it. It states-" Any other act of gross misconduct or insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means." Therefore "when under punishment" does not apply to sub-section 4 of Rule 107, and so I fail to see how it can be interpreted as applying to any other act of gross miscon- duct or insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means in sub-section 3 of Rule 57 in the Local Prison Code, which is word for word the same as Rule 277 f the Victoria Gaol Regulations.

-Then it comes to this: that the third section of Rule 277 is taken from the Local Prison Code verbatim?

A-Verbatim.

Q-But that in the regulations for Convict Prisons this same sub-section 3 a divided into two parts?

A-That is so: sub-sections 3 and 4 of section 107.

Q-To sum up, the main difficulty in construing these regulations tarns on the words "

any act of insubordination &c." Do you not consider that these words cannot include any offence for the punishment of which provision has been made under another Rule?

A-If the act is repeated, then I consider it to be an act of insubordination the punishment for which is insufficient as provided in other Rules, and that I am justifiel in whipping a prisoner for that act of insubordination under Rule 274.

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Hon. Commander HASTINGS-You have been six or seven years in Her Majesty's

Army.

WITNESS-I have.

Q- -The evidence in a military orderly room is always oral?

A--That is so.

Q-How many strokes do you give for the first flogging?

A-I have given an old offender twelve. In the case of a man who knows the Gaol Regulations well, I have given him twelve. I give a new offender six.

Q-Instead of giving a man three dozen do you consider that a dozen every three weeks would have a better effect?

ment.

A-I do.

Q-If it was divided off?

A-I do.

Q-Prisoners are not allowed to shout or talk ?

A-No.

Q--Talking and shouting are in the same category?

A-Shouting gives greater annoyance in the Prison and there is a severer punish-

Q-What do you call a mutiny? the act of one man or the combination of a number of prisoners ?

A-Combination of a number.

Q-Would you treat a secret combination as mutiny? Would it not have to amount to open resistance?

A-Yes, open resistance.

THE CHAIRMAN-Now we come to prisoners 528 and 704. Do you produce a true copy of the Medical Officer's reports on passing these prisoners for labour; true copies of the prisoners' medical histories, true copies of the evidence taken before their second flogging, and true extracts from the Prison punishment book?

WITNESS-Yes. (Put in Appendix IV.)

Q-Will you look at these certificates and tell me whether they are the original ones given by Dr. MARQUES in regard to the floggings administered on those prisoners?

A-Yes. (Put in Appendix III.)

Q-As regards prisoner 528, why did he receive a flogging of six strokes on the 21st April ?

A-For refusing to carry stone--refusing to labour, his labour being shot drill and carrying stone.

Q Did you examine the prisoner touching that offence?

A---Yes. You asked why he received six strokes. It was repeated refusal, he having refused to carry on the 16th, the day after his admission to the Prison.

Q-Did you take any evidence in the matter?

A--I took the usual evidence orally.

Q-No evidence on oath?

A-No.

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Q-Who made the complaint? I want to know whether it was a European or an Indian.

A-A European.

Q-What Regulation did you proceed under in punishing this man with a flogging of six strokes on the 21st April?

A--I considered it an act of insubordination-repeated refusal to labour, and I whipped him under Rule 274.

Q-When you proceed under Rule 274 do you sometimes examine a prisoner and sometimes not examine him, or sometimes not take written evidence and sometimes take written evidence?

A-1 never take written evidence in any case which I dispose of, but I never award any punishment without duly examining the prisoner and the witnesses, and the rule under which the prisoner is whipped is always entered in the prisoner's record.

Q-After the flogging of the 21st April he was not put to work for four days?

A--He was excused labour for four days.

Q-On the 24th he was put to No. 3 labour?

A--That is industrial light labour.

Q-It is picking oakum?

A-Picking oakum was the labour.

Q-He was kept on light labour until 4th May?

A-Yes.

Q--After that he was put to-

A-No. 1 labour.

Q-But he refused to do that?

A-He did.

Q-When he refused did you consider your powers under Rule 274 were insuffici- ent to meet the case?

A-I did.

Q--Why?

A-He twice refused to labour.

Q-You thought it was a case requiring more than twelve strokes ?

A--I did.

Q--Who was the Justice of the Peace who assisted you at the second inquiry? A--Mr. D. E. BROWN.

Q-Did any evidence transpire at that inquiry which does not appear in the copy you produce?

A-No.

Q--Was prisoner 528 an old offender?

A-No. His previous convictions were not traced. He was recognised as an old offender, and you see "0.0." on his record. I should give a man the benefit of the doubt who is only recognised as being an old offender, and the previous convictions are not traced against him.

(90)

-You cannot state his previous convictions?

Q-

A--No.

Q--Can you tell me whether he was flogged when he was in Gaol on a former occasion ? :

A-I cannot remember.

Q--As regards 704, why did he receive six strokes on the 18th May?

A--For refusing to labour.

Q-What labour?

A-Shot and stone.

Q-I suppose you examined him touching the offence?

A-Yes, I examine every prisoner.

Q-- Did

you take any written evidence in the matter?

A-No, it was repeated refusal.

Q-Who made the complaint in the case, do you know? A European or Indian ? A-The European in charge of the party always makes the reports of refusing to

labour.

Q-In that case I suppose you also proceeded under Rule 274 and not under Rules 270, 271 or 272?

A-No; I proceeded under Rule 274.

•

Q-After this flogging the prisoner had no work for three days?

A--No.

Q-What work was he put to on the 21st May ?

A-No. 1 labour.

Q He refused to do that work?

A-He did.

· Q-And he was in consequence reported?

A-Yes.

Q-Who made that report?

A-A European.

Q--And again you thought your powers under Regulation 274 were insufficient to meet the case ?

A-I did.

Q-Who was the Justice of the Peace who assisted you at the second inquiry? A-A Chinese gentleman named Mr. CHAN KWAN-Ü.

Q-Did any evidence transpire at that inquiry which does not appear in the copy you produce?

A-No.

Q--Was 704 an old offender ?

A-No.

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Q--Did he do any work after the second flogging?

A-No.

Q-Was he sent to the hospital after the second flogging?

A-He was.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-In examining prisoners do the accuser and accused stand face to face? Are they in the presence of each other?

WITNESS-They are in the presence of one another.

Q-And the accused has the opportunity of cross-examining?

A-Yes.

Q-You say that in all cases a European officer makes the report-the warder in charge of the party ?

A-Yes.

Q-Does he merely corroborate the evidence of refusal or is he able to speak absolutely to the charge?

A-He is able to prove the charge.

Dr. ATKINSON-Have you had any experience of Gaol administration except in this Colony ?

WITNESS-No, except for a short time in Cyprus.

Q-Has it ever occurred to you that prisoners would rather submit to a flogging and subsequent rest in hospital than perform hard labour?

A-It has lately been brought to my notice that such is the case, but I could hardly credit it.

THE CHAIRMAN--When did you begin your duties here ?

WITNESS-In November, 1892.

Q-And with the exception of a run home for a year you have been in charge ever

since?

A-Yes.

Q-Have the floggings increased or decreased in numbers during your superintend- ency in proportion to the prisoners in the Gaol?

A-There is no decrease except in 1893, when there was a very considerable

decrease.

Q-There was a drop of 25 per cent?

A-I have not worked it out.

Q-In the table I have asked you to give me that will be included?

A-Yes, that will be included.

Q-I will not trouble you about that now. Has there been any marked increase or decrease in any class of offence ?

A-There has been a very marked increase in the number of refusals to labour.

Q-Can you account for it?

A-I think the physique of the prisoners is getting worse and worse. ers, of course, are passed fit for the labour to which they are put.

The prison-

( 92 )

Q--And the reason you give is that there is a marked falling off in the physique of the men?

A-I think there is a marked falling off in the physique of the men. I think that the shot drill and stone carrying are perhaps made more irksome to the prisoners than they used to be. More attention is paid by the staff to get the men to perform their tasks in a proper manner, whereas the work used to be performed less strictly.

Q-This Committee heard the other day that on one occasion it was discovered in the Gaol that the cranks were much below pressure?

A-Yes.

Q-Have you found that out?

A-It was found out in Mr. THOMSON'S time.

Q-Has any discovery of that kind occurred whilst you have been there?

A-Yes.

-Then the cranks were put to their full

pressure

A-The cranks were put to their full pressure.

Q-Any results from that? Any increase in the refusals to labour?

A-Yes.

Q-When was that?

A-I cannot tell you definitely; it was before I went home; I think it was in 1894 that one morning I found that the cranks were not up to pressure.

Q-Was that the fault of the cranks or was it the fault of the officer ?

A-It was the fault of the officer who inspected them.

Q-With regard to your staff, do you consider that their conduct in any way aggravates prisoners and so incites them to commit breaches of Prison discipline ? A-I think that the majority of the staff treat the prisoners very fairly.

Q-Have cases of this description, that is, aggravating conduct on the part of the staff, ever come under your notice either directly or indirectly?

A-Yes.

Q-How have you dealt with them?

A--I have punished the officer concerned.

Q-Have you reported to the Government?

A-No.

Q-Have you had any changes in the staff during the period of your superin- tendency?

A-A very large number.

Q-What led to such changes?

A-Inefficiency of the officers.

Q-Do you consider the present staff fitted by good discretion, temper, and tact to have control of prisoners?

A-Fairly well.

Q--What are the weights and proportions of the three rattans used in flogging prisoners?

( 93 )

A-There are two sealed patterns. The weight of the heavier rattan which is used on an adult is 4 oz., and it is 46 inches long and 12 inch in circumference. The weight of a rattan used on a juvenile is 2 oz. It is 35 inches long and 2 inches in circumference.

Q-What is the medium one? Is there a medium one?

A-These two sealed patterns are the only patterns authorised to be used in the prison. There is a medium rattan.

Q-Have these rattans been used the whole time you have been there?

A-Yes.

Q-There has been no innovation since you have been there in respect to the pattern of the rattan ?

A--No.

Q-Or the weight?

A-No.

Q-Have you yourself witnessed floggings with the rattan now in

A-I have.

Vogue ?

Q-Can you give the Committee an idea of the effect of the different number of strokes on an average Chinaman, beginning at six and going up by sixes?

A-On an average Chinaman six has little or no effect in the way of cutting or violence. Twelve may cut him slightly, and so on proportionately. Of course men are affected differently; some men are very soft.

average. Have

Q-I am speaking of the average man; we can only go by the average. you seen prisoners faint at a flogging?

A-Never.

-When you have been present at a flogging, have you ever deemed it your duty to interfere ?

A-Never.

Q-Have you seen a prisoner bonâ fide unable to walk to the hospital or to the cell after a flogging?

A-Yes.

Q-Have you seen a prisoner carried away from a flogging?

A-No, led away.

Q-Have you seen the Surgeon stop a flogging?

A-No.

Q-Do you know anything of the effects of the birch or

cat-o'-nine-tails"

A-I have never seen them inflicted.

Q-Have you seen Europeans flogged in Victoria Gaol ?

A-I have not.

Q--Then you cannot tell us how a European endures a flogging compared with a Chinaman?

A-No European has been flogged during the time I have been in charge of the

Prison.

( 94 )

-Do you know that in an English prison there is no power to inflict a flogging vested in the Governor?

A-There is not.

Q-Can you give me your reason for vesting the Superintendent of Victoria Gaol with power to inflict twelve strokes?

A-I take it that it was never intended that Chinese prisoners should be treated in the same way as European prisoners, different treatment being necessary to ensure the maintenance of discipline, and so the power of whipping was given to the Superintend- ent. I may add that the Superintendent of. the prison at Singapore has the same

power.

Q-—Of course, you have never ordered a flogging without the sanction of the Surgeon?

A--Never.

Q-In your time has the Surgeon always delivered a written certificate of a pri- soner's fitness to be flogged?

A--Always.

Q--The system was in vogue when you came here?

A--It was.

Q--Are certificates always in this form?

A--Always.

Q--And always filled up according to the requirements of the form?

A--Always.

Q--Has the form of certificate been supplied by an act of Government?

A--I cannot say.

Q--Do you consider the particulars given in the certificate are adequate?

A--Absolutely.

Q--Have you had any occasion to object to the way in which the Surgeon has examined a prisoner before giving a certificate of fitness?

A---No.

Q--Would you undertake to govern Victoria Gaol and maintain strict discipline you had not power to order flogging?

A-I would not.

Q--What are your reasons?

A--I consider that the power once having been given, unless there was some very good reason for taking it away, the power should not be taken away now from the Superintendent.

Q--You think, I suppose, that if it got to be known by the prisoners-and they would very soon find it out-that you could not inflict corporal punishment ou your own initiative, they would consider that your power of inflicting punishment in other ways would be proportionately decreased? It might have that effect for a time?

A--They would very soon find out that my power had not been altered. I dare say they might think it altered in other respects.

Q-It would probably leave that impression and the result would be that you would have a much larger number of cases for punishment in other ways for a short time?

(95)

A--It might for a short time until it was found out.

Q-Would you be satisfied if the birch were substituted for the rattan and your power of inflicting twelve strokes not interfered with?

A--I would. _

Q--Do you consider that your power of ordering flogging could be safely reduced to six strokes if the rattan were retained?

A--No.

Q--And you put down twelve as a minimum?

A--I do.

Q--How many men have you in the Gaol-not prisoners, but staff?

A--Fifty discipline officers and one trade warder; but the trade warder performs the duties of discipline officer as well when he is required.

Q-How many of these are Europeans and how many Indians?

A-Twenty-five are European and twenty-five are Indians.

Dr. ATKINSON-The trade warder is a European, I suppose ?

WITNESS-Yes.

THE CHAIRMAN-How does the proportion of Europeans with Indians compare now with the proportion in 1892 and 1893 ?

WITNESS-I had no Indian discipline officers.

Q-The number of Indians has been increased?

A-There were no discipline Indian officers except one hospital warder.

Q-How many Europeans were there, do you think, in 1892 and 1893 till fe change was made? Was the staff kept at the same number?

A-The staff has slightly increased.

Q- A large proportion of the staff before was composed of Europeans?

A-Yes, and that has been reduced.

Q-Why has this change been wrought?

A-Because it was found that there were not enough Europeans to man the stations and also to provide a second officer to the party, and I considered the prisoners would be better supervised by increasing the number of the staff and placing a European officer in charge of the party and an Indian warder as an assistant to the party.

Q-Do you consider that Indians are as capable as Europeans in managing Chinese?

two.

A--No.

Q-What are your reasons?

A-The Indians have an inferior influence. I do not think you can compare the

Q-Do Chinese obey Indians as readily as they obey Europeans?

A-No.

Q-Would you put any Chinese on the Gaol staff?

A-No.

Q-Why not?

( 96 )

A-I think it would lead to trafficking and other abuses.

Q-They would be able to communicate with the prisoners much more easily? A-Yes, and probably communicate with their friends outside.

Q Have you to obtain the sanction of the Governor before any floggings are administered?

A-The sanction of the Governor has to be obtained before any floggings of a greater number than twelve strokes are administered.

Q-And in the case of floggings imposed by the Courts of Justice?

A-Yes, and in the case of floggings imposed by the Courts of Justice.

-At what time of the day do you impose them?

A-Immediately after hearing the reports; about 11.15 a.m.

Q-Do reports of misconduct reach you mostly through Europeans or mostly through Indians?

A-Mostly through Europeans.

Q-What are your opinions as to cutting off the queue as a mode of punishment? A-I think it might be tried. A Chinaman prides himself on the length of his and I think it would be a distinct punishment to him if his queue were cut. I was just going to recommend that, in the case of a man attempting to commit suicide

queue should be cut.

queue

his

Q-Would you apply the cutting of the queue to all classes of prisoners-to short-sentence prisoners, for instance, as well as long-sentence prisoners, to prisoners sentenced for misdemeanour as well as to prisoners sentenced for felony?

A-No, I think I would make a distinction. I do not think that any treatment in Prison should be such that when a man quits Prison his caste would be lowered thereby. If it is a distinct loss of caste for a Chinaman to lose his queue, then I do not see that you gain any advantage by lowering him in the eyes of his friends when he comes out. A man is sent to Prison with the hope that he will go out a better man, and to brand him as a criminal would be a mistake.

Q-Would it have a good effect to cut off their queues when they are in Gaol and let them grow while they are in Gaol?

A-So long as there is reasonable time. The Regulations provide that a man's hair shall be allowed to grow before he leaves Prison.

Q-Supposing a man was sentenced to twelve months and he had his queue cut off immediately he went into Prison, or suppose he was told that if he misbehaved himself during the first nine months he would be liable to have his queue cut off, would that be a deterrent?

A-It might be.

Q-It would have the effect of bringing upon him the ridicule of his fellow- prisoners?

A-It might.

Q-Would you advocate cutting off the queue of a prisoner providing adequate time was given for it to grow before he went out?

A-I would.

(97)

Q-Would you make any difference between prisoners committed for felony and those committed for misdemeanour ?

A-I should not interfere in the case of misdemeanour.

Q-Of course, there are some misdemeanours-perjury, for instance--which rauk as high as some felonies. The graver misdemeanours and felony, I suppose, you would put together?

A-Yes.

Q-Do the Indians and Europeans on the Gaol staff understand Chinese sufficiently to talk to prisoners and understand their wants?

A-The Indians understand more than the Europeans; a number of Europeans certainly understand a little. A prisoner tries to make it understood to the officer what he wants. If the officer does not understand him he calls up somebody who does so that the prisoner will not go without being attended to.

Q-I observe that in 1895 the total number of cases of floggings reached over 500

A-The total number of floggings in 1895 reached 467; those were by the Super- intendent. The remainder were by the Court.

Q-What is the total, do you know!

A-I have not got it here.

Q-You were not in charge during that time?

A-I was in charge until the 13th April.

Q-Prior to that had the number of whippings been unusually high?

A-In 1894 I ordered 140 whippings myself and twelve whippings were ordered by the Superintendent in conjunciion with a Visiting Justice. In 1893 I inflicted 68 whippings; four in that year were ordered by the Superintendent in conjunction with a Visiting Justice. In 1894 the crime of refusal to labour increased tremendously and that accounts for the fact that so many more prisoners were whipped in 1894 than in 1893.

I thought at the time it was due to the inefficient staff to a great extent, but my opinion is somewhat altered now. I think it is the prisoners' fault.

Q--Do you ever find a difficulty in procuring the attendance of one of the Visiting Justices for the week?

A-I do. I invariably call in an Unofficial Justice for the week. I consider it advisable to do so for several reasons.

Q-Have you any difficulty in procuring his attendance?

A-This week I have not been able to procure his attendance at all. I applied to him twice. On each occasion he informed me that he was engaged.

Q-What is his name?

A-Mr. DAVID. I believe he has been exceptionally busy this week on account of being on a jury one day.

Q-How do you procure the attendance of Justices?

A-By writing to them.

Q-When they come up, have you ever heard them grumble at having been called?

A-I have heard them on one or two occasions.

Q-When Justices have tried cases with you, have they often asked to have a look at the Rules?

A-I invariably show them the Rule under which the inquiry should be held,

1 1

(98)

Q-Do you know any case of a Justice who has held a different view from you in regard to the inclusion of refusal to labour as one of the acts of insubordination under Rule 274?

A--Yes.

Q-Perhaps you would not care to give their names?

A-Only one case.

--Have you ever administered floggings upon the word or evidence of a single Indian unsupported by other evidence?

A-No. I do not like to say absolutely no, but if I did it would be a case in which a prisoner was at a prescribed task, in the crank cell for instance, where there is no possible dispute as to whether he performed this task or not, the dial of the crauk being evidence of this.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS--You receive corroboration from the dial?

WITNESS--Yes.

THE CHAIRMAN--Have you noticed whether one officer has made more reports than

any other officer? Has it been characteristic of any particular officer to make reports?

WITNESS-I know exactly what you mean, but I cannot say.

Q-What control do you exercise over the Gaol hospital ?

A-I visit it and see that the Rules are observed. I visit it daily.

Q-What check is kept on the warders of the hospital to keep then at their

work?

A-They are visited by the principal warder.

Q--Is there anybody who visits the hospital at stated times in the day, say, when the dressing time for the wounds comes, to see that the warders actually do dress the wounds?

A--No. It is not part of the duty of the principal warder to look to that. The doctor gives his instructions to the warder, I take it, before he leaves the hospital, and the warder carries these instructions out and is directly responsible that they are carried

out.

Q--Do you know whether 72 marks are still deducted for a flogging?

A--No. Marks are not deducted for a flogging.

Q--I see Rule 321 says: "marks shall be deducted at the rate of 72 for a flog- ging."

A--These rules are all abolished. Rules 310 to 322 are cancelled by Government Notification No. 452 of 1892.

Q--No marks are deducted for a flogging?

A--Not of necessity.

Q--How many hours a day do these men labour?

A-Nine; four and a half hours in the forenoon and four and a half hours in the

afternoon.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-There is a medium-sized rattan for the Gaol?

WITNESS-Yes.

Q-Over and above the sealed pattern?

( 99 )

A-Over and above the sealed pattern.

Q-When is that used?

A-If the Doctor thinks it necessary.

Q-On medical grounds only?

A-Yes.

Q-Do you send a report to the Governor of every flogging?

A-Every flogging.

-When inflicted by yourself?

A--Every one that I inflict myself.

QAfter he has been flogged?

A--After he has been flogged.

Q--Have you ever had any comment or remonstrance from your superiors con- cerning the frequency of the floggings?

A-Locally?

Q--I mean locally-the Governor or the Colonial Secretary?

A-Not until the 5th May last. I will forward a copy of the letter. (See Appendix X.)

Dr. ATKINSON-Have you any control over the hospital in the way of appointing attendants or wardmasters? I mean do you appoint the warders?

A-Yes, but I should not appoint anyone if the Medical Officer thought him unsuitable.

Q-These men who are appointed as ward masters have had no previous medical training?

A-No.

Q-Do you think it advisable to have trained European warders there on duty?

A-In a Home Prison, where everything is very carefully looked into, such a class of officer is not appointed. The hospital warders are discipline officers, but they are engaged for duty in the hospital, and they do duty in the hospital only, but they receive no special training. I think the Medical Officers of the Colony are the best judges of whether the warders detailed for duty in the hospital here should have previous training or not.

Q-You state as a fact that the warders at home who look after the sick are not trained?

A-They are not trained. The doctor is responsible for everything.

Q-Is there an attendant constantly on duty in the Gaol Hospital at night under present arrangements?

A---Under the present arrangements the hospital warder is on duty at all hours with the exception of from 6 to 9 in the evening; then the hospital is patrolled by one of the night patrols.

Q-So that there is no one on duty at night?

A-Yes, the Hospital Warder.

Q-Both these men can sleep at night.

A-Both these men can sleep at night; it would be impossible to arrange otherwise.

( 100 )

-A limited staff? You say that the hours of duty of a warder at the hospital are from 6 to 6, off from duty for three hours, and he might be called on duty the following day. It is practically twelve hours' duty during the day?

A--One of them is on for nine hours and a quarter.

Q-When is the day man on duty?

A-One goes into the hospital at 6.15 a.m., he leaves at 8 o'clock for breakfast, and returns at 9. He leaves again at 11.30 for dinner and returns at 1 p.m. remains until 6 o'clock.

Q-He is practically on duty twelve hours with the exception of his meals?

A--With the exception of his meals. He then comes in at 9 o'clock and sleeps there for the night and remains until 7 o'clock the next morning when he goes out.

Q-And he might be called all that time?

A-He might be called during the hours after 9 o'clock, and of course if roused he is supposed to turn out at once.

Q-Does it not occur to you that these hours are too long?

A-He has a comparatively light day the next day.

Q-The next day is lighter?

A-The next day is lighter. The officer who left the Gaol at 7 o'clock would come in again at 8. He would remain in till 1 o'clock when he would leave for his dinner. He goes in again at 2.30 in the afternoon and he remains till 4. He then goes off duty until 6.15 the next morning.

Q-And then he begins the same way as before?

A-Yes.

Q--So practically he is on duty from 8 to 4-eight hours-minus the time for meals? A-The actual hours are 9 hours one day and 6 hours the next, and every alternate night he sleeps in the Prison.

Q-These hours are much longer than the hours of duty of the Police?

A-Yes, they are on duty only for six hours; the hours of the warders are always much longer than the Police.

Q-And more monotonous ?

A-Infinitely.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-But under cover?

WITNESS--Yes, but the work they have to perform is much more irksome. The hours of duty are 9 for the other officers and 8 on alternate days.

Dr. ATKINSON--That is eighteen hours?

WITNESS--In two days 17 hours.

Q-What is the longest period you have known a prisoner remain in the hospital as the result of a flogging?

A-I cannot tell.

Q-Have you known him to remain in the hospital six weeks?

A-I believe they have remained there for so long.

Q-That means that during the whole of that time he does not do any work at all?

A-Yes.

( 101 )

Q-From what you stated just now I gathered you considered that prisoners passed by the Medical Officer for hard labour were unfit to do it. You mean their physique is not sufficient, in your opinion, to admit of their doing the hard labour pre- scribed in the Gaol ?

A-Oh, certainly not.

Q--I think you said the physique of the prisoners had deteriorated lately?

A-Yes.

Q-And the hard labour is too severe for them considering their physique ?

A-No, I would not go so far as to say that.

THE CHAIRMAN--You merely gave that as the cause why there were more floggings for refusal to work?

WITNESS-Yes, that is all; they find the work much more irksome, but I do not say that any man has been passed as being fit for hard labour when he has been physi- cally unfit for it.

Dr. ATKINSON--Does it not strike you that the hard labour is too severe for a China- man-12,500 revolutions of the crank for an ordinary Chinaman? Do you not think that it is rather hard work-an extraordinary task?

WITNESS-I do not think it is an extreme task. The task at home is 14,500 revolutions at 14 lbs. pressure. The task here is 12,500 revolutions with a 12 lbs. pressure. I have known a man finish his task by one o'clock in the day. Stone carry- ing certainly cannot be considered hard work. They carry 90 lbs. between two men. The weight of the shot-the No. 1 shot-is 24 lbs.

Q-Is the crank lessened during the summer months?

A-No; no labour is changed during the summer months.

THE CHAIRMAN-From what you say of the number of revolutions and the pressure at the cranks the labour of a man here would be represented by 150 as against 203 by a man in England-by about three to four?

A--I have not worked it out; I suppose it comes that.

Q--It comes to about three to four.

Dr. ATKINSON-Have you ever informed the Governor that the punishment of deprivation of the evening meal was insufficient?

WITNESS-No. I have never had the slightest occasion to think that the punish- ments which I inflicted for refusing to labour were not in accordance with the Regula- tions.

THE CHAIRMAN-Is there anything more you would like to tell us on any subject at all in connection with flogging? We shall be very glad to hear any comments you would like to make.

one.

A--I think that the Medical Officer's position at the flogging is a very responsible The Medical Officer is there to see that the prisoner suffers no bodily harm from the punishment which is being inflicted. He has passed the prisoner as fit to receive punishment, and I suppose if he considers it necessary he would take the prisoner down.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-Do you suggest that one doctor should pass him and that another one should see him flogged?

( 102 )

A-No, I think that such a thing is unnecessary. What I mean to say is, with reference to the severity of the flogging, that so long as the Medical Officer considers that the punishment is being inflicted in such a way that no bodily harm would be done to the man, nobody can say that brutality occurs in the Gaol.

Dr. ATKINSON--Still you would not expect abscesses to result from flogging, much less death, would you?

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-About three per cent. of abscesses.

WITNESS--I might say that on the 16th of last month I wrote to Japan. I first of all wrote to Mr. FORD to ask him if he could supply me with any material to make a birch, my attention having been called to the increased number of gluteal abscesses. Mr. FORD told me he could not supply me with the necessary material and told me I could get it from Japan. I wrote to Japan and the answer I received was that they had none in store, but they would get some and send it down to me. My idea was that I should get a birch made up in much the same way as the birch at home and submit it for the approval of the Government to be used in cases where the doctor may consider the rattan is too heavy an instrument to punish a prisoner with.

THE CHAIRMAN-Under the change of doctors that has occurred quite lately have you noted any difference in the backwardness or otherwise of the respective doctors to sanction flogging?

WITNESS-No.

Dr. ATKINSON-Are you of opinion that a more frequent application and fewer number of strokes would be a greater deterrent ?

WITNESS-Yes, I do not think it would do a prisoner so much harm.

THE CHAIRMAN-More floggings and fewer strokes ?

WITNESS-Yes.

Meeting held on Friday, 26th June, 1896.

Present: His Honour Mr. T. SERCOMBE SMITH, (Acting Puisne Judge), Chairman.

Commander W. C. H. HASTINGS, R.N., Acting Police Magistrate.

Dr. J. M. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon.

Dr. AYRES examined.

THE CHAIRMAN -Dr. AYRES, we want to ask you some questions about your experience of flogging in the Gaol. How long were you at the Gaol?

WITNESS-About twenty-three years. I introduced flogging at the Goal; it is the

Indian fashion.

Q-You introduced flogging with the rattan?

A-Yes.

Q-When was that?

A-That was somewhere about 1877 or 1878.

(1037)

-Were the rattans introduced then ?

A-Before it was the "cat," which was more formidable than an Army or Navy one.

Q-Were the rattans used the same sort as are used now?

A--The same.

Q-The same weight?

A-Yes.

Q--And size?

A-Yes; it is an Indian rattan.

Q--You advised it as a copy of the Indian system?

A-Yes, a copy of the Indian system. I was five years in India and saw it at work there.

Q-Is it used in the prisons in India?

A-It is used in the prisons and as an ordinary form of punishment; six or twelve strokes with the rattan and a man gets no more punishment for trivial offences.

Q-What is the heaviest number of strokes you saw inflicted in India?

A-Thirty at one time.

Q-Can you compare the effect of the rattan on a Chinaman here and the effect on an Indian there?

A-It is less severe on the Indians; they are better feeders; they are cleaner feeders; the wounds heal more readily.

Dr. ATKINSON-The effects are less?

A--Yes. I have never seen any bad cases here, only a delay in healing. I have never seen anything like what was done with the "cat." A man was absolutely damaged for life with the "cat," and many men have died from the effects.

THE CHAIRMAN-You say you have seen the "cat" administered here on Chinese ? A-On Chinese and English prisoners.

Q-And comparing the effects of the "cat" on the Chinaman and the effects of the rattan your opinion is that the effects of the rattan are much more lenient?

A--Certainly, much more lenient. Floggings used to take place down at the market-place near the Harbour Master's Office. We have marched men down there, flogged them at the post, and marched them back again.

Q--What led you to suggest the introduction of the rattan ?

A-The "cat" is used in the Gaols at home, but was too heavy and very hard on the small amount of muscle the back of a Chinaman usually contains, and the only place where Chinamen are developed at all is the buttock. They are well developed on the buttocks and lower limbs.

Q-Do you think it would be better to whip a Chinaman across the buttocks or just across the outside part of the thigh?

A-Across the buttocks.

Q--The thrashings administered by Chinamen in their own country are, I under- stand, sometimes on the outside part of the thigh, that is the reason I ask you the ques- tion. You think it is better on the buttocks?

( 104 )

A—İ think it is better on the buttocks. At any rate if there should be a break- down as has happened occasionally, but very rarely though, it would produce less injury upon the buttocks than upon the back of the thighs.

Q--You have constantly seen floggings here?

A-Constantly seen floggings.

Q-It was your duty to attend?

A-I had medical charge of the Gaol up to 1887.

Q--Will you describe to the Committee the average effect of a whipping, say, of six, twelve, eighteen strokes, and so on upon a Chinaman with a rattan? I am speaking of an average Chinaman.

A--It depends on the Chinaman; you pass him according to what you think he will be able to bear. Sometimes I would not pass a man at all. For instance, I refused to pass a man for a flogging who had been flogged with six strokes a fortnight ago and he was up for a flogging of twelve. I put him down for a flogging of six. I am always present at the flogging; the Surgeon is always present. I regulate the strokes; I tell the flogger how to administer the strokes and do not let him go banging the rattan about and whirling it round his head.

Q-Take the case of an average Chinaman--a normal Chinaman; what is the effect on the body of six, twelve, and eighteen strokes?

A-Most of them would pass out and show very little and after they have had some lotion for a few days I pass them for No. 3 labour as they will not be particularly fit for stooping for some days.

Q--Is a thrashing of six strokes usually attended with much bleeding?

A-More or less if it breaks the skin.

Q-Is there very much bleeding?

A-Not much.

Q-Is the skin abraded?

A-Yes.

Q-Have you known abscesses to form after a whipping of six strokes ?

A-No, never.

Q-With regard to a whipping of twelve strokes is the skin abraded ?

A-The skin is always abraded with the first stroke.

Q--And afterwards do abscesses necessarily form? Have you known abscesses form in cases of twelve strokes?

A-Abscesses do not form if the flogging is properly looked after; abscesses do not form in one case in fifty. At least from 1877 to 1887 I saw only three cases where abscesses had formed.

Q-Would a flogging of eighteen strokes leave abrasions and deep cuts?

A-Not deep cuts; it would leave permanent marks.

Q-Would it cut the skin badly?

A--It is a sort of contused abrased wound. They do not bleed freely. Not one case in fifty shows very much blood, and that is easily stopped with a cloth.

Q-Up to 1887 did you give a written medical certificate?

( 105 )

A-With every one of them; I always did. It is always the custom in every gaol and it must be on the records.

Q―Did you give a certificate when you were asked whether a man in your opinion was fit for a flogging and also just before he was brought out for a flogging that at the time for the flogging he was fit for it?

A-I said he was fit for a flogging and I was present. I was always present at every flogging so that I was personally responsible.

Q-Do you think a rattan is a proper instrument to use upon a Chinaman? Is it an instrument that a Chinaman can bear?

A-As far as my experience goes there is nothing you cannot use improperly, but if flogging takes place under proper supervision there is no reason at all why it should not be proper, and if you only allow a man to use the rattan in a proper way. If he uses it in a mild way he does nothing; he must bring it down hard to make any impression at all. If he works it round his head, as I have seen, it is absurd, as he makes a deepseated contusion even if he does not do any injury outside to the skin. In all flogging cases the thing is to be regulated by experience.

Q-Do I take you to say that abrasions usually accompany a severe flogging, say, of more than twelve strokes ?

A-Yes.

Q-But that abscesses are of very rare occurrence?

A-Oh, very rare, or should be.

Q-Well, in your experience they were rare?

A-In my experience they have been very rare.

Q-Would you fix any interval between the first and the second flogging, or between the second and the third flogging of the same man?

A-I would not flog a Chinaman until the wound is thoroughly well healed and the contusions have disappeared.

Q-You would not flog a Chinaman for the second time until the marks of the contused wounds had disappeared?

A-No. You always see the mark of the rattan, but the man is perfectly well as far as he ever will be. Scars are left but no scabs.

Q-Do you think it would be better to limit the time between the imposing of two floggings?

A-Well, you cannot very well put a limit. In one case it is a severe flogging and in another case it is not. At the same time I do not think I would use flogging, even six strokes, for every little thing that turns up--talking and trifling offences in the Gaol. It appears to me that complaints are made very often to show zealous supervision on the part of the overlooking officers.

Q-It is rather a serious thing to say that if a warder does not bring forward reports he is looked upon as incompetent. Have

Have you any

foundation for that statement?

A-I do not say that. He appears to get the credit of being a smart man. I mean to say this, that flogging should be for serious offences of Gaol discipline. In India it is the sole punishment for petty thefts, &c. A man gets six or ten strokes and he goes away and he gets no further punishment; but in the Gaols you would not think of giving floggings for every trivial offence. They only gave flogging for what were considered serious offences. If there is a mutiny, or an attack upon a warder, there is no doubt you would have to adopt severe measures or the prisoners would not be made to understand.

•

( 106 )

Q-Of course; the Rules here specifically provide for the offences which shall be punished by flogging, and it is not the most trivial offences that may be punished by flogging. One of the questions before us is, what offences under these Rules are really punishable by flogging.

A-Really they are getting of terribly frequent occurrence. I saw three fellows up this morning; two fellows were up yesterday.

Q-What were they being flogged for ?

A-I do not know anything about it.

Q-During the time that you were in charge of the Gaol did you notice any large variations in the number of floggings according to which Superintendent was there?

A-We very rarely had floggings in the Gaol in my time. If we had twenty or thirty a year it was as much as we had.

Q-Can you give us any idea of the yearly floggings in your time-roughly speaking?

A-I cannot.

Q-Do

you think they exceeded one hundred a year-occurring about two a week?

A-It is too far back. There ought to be some record. My recollection is that flogging was comparatively rare.

Dr. ATKINSON-It would be in your medical reports?

WITNESS They would not give the number of floggings.

THE CHAIRMAN-What is your opinion about the hospital accommodation at the Gaol?

WITNESS-The hospital has been, to my knowledge, considered by every Commis- sion appointed over the Gaol. Plans and measurements are in the books in 1890. There is no doubt it is overcrowded and it is not a place fit for a Gaol. There are as many as seven prisoners in one cell sometimes.

Q-Suppose a man came into the Gaol hospital after suffering a flogging of twenty-four strokes and an abscess developed and blood poisoning followed from the abscess, do you think there is anything in the conditions of the Gaol hospital to produce the blood poisoning?

A-Overcrowding; but if antiseptics are properly used I do not see there is any necessity for that even with the overcrowding. That is the principal object-protecting the wound from the bad atmosphere.

Q-In your opinion do abscesses naturally form as the result of a severe flogging? A-They will occasionally. You cannot say why; it may be something in the blood or afterwards introduced into the wound.

Q-Have you ever stopped a flogging?

A-Yes.

Q-For what reasons?

A-The appearance of the man. A man has fainted under a flogging. If he showed any signs of fainting I stopped the flogging immediately.

Q-Would you stop a flogging, give him a rest, and let him be flogged again ?

A-Not unless I thought he was shamming.

Q-Have the flogging officers ever lost their temper?

( 107 )

A-Oh no. I have always stopped a man for a second if he showed the slightest excitement and then said "go on steadily."

Q-Do the floggers vary the force of their strokes as far as you can see?

A-You see one man prepares his stroke in a different way from another man. He swings it round and I tell him-"Now just give him what you can-a fair, sharp stroke and don't whirl the rattan round your head."

Q- -Do they vary the force of their strokes?

A-Oh yes, it varies with a man's strength and experience and so on.

Q-But would one man thrash a prisoner with one force one day and a different force another ?

A-Hardly. Usually in the Indian gaols the flogger is an inferior officer. Q-Do they flog, do you think, with too much force?

A--Sometimes. A heavy stroke makes too much contusion, less by

stroke.

Dr. ATKINSON-Keeps on one spot all along?

WITNESS-Keeps on one spot.

THE CHAIRMAN-Do they exert their utmost strength ?

WITNESS-No, never in my experience.

sharp

Q-Have you ever noticed any difference between the floggers here and the floggers in India in regard to the way the flogging is administered?

A-You cannot get them to flog with the same sharp cut. The Indians bring it down with a sharp cut, and it does not appear to make so much contusion as it does here, but it cuts.

Q-Is there any regulation mode of thrashing or way of wielding the rattan?

A-No. Only the measurement of the rattan is given--4 feet long and about as thick as the base of your fore-finger, so that it is not too cutting and at the same time the blow is severe.

Q--Is there any recognised way of inflicting the flogging itself? Is there any recognised way for a warder to wield the rattan and the height to which he shall raise it ?

A--No; it can only be regulated by the Medical Officer's directions to the warder flogging.

Q-And the way they shall bring it down?

A-No. In the old days, when the "cat" was put on by different warders, it was a relief to a man to have a change. It was a relief for this reason. Say twenty strokes have been given and the second man who comes on may be lighter than the other.

Q-Then I suppose the way a man wields a rattan varies as much as the way a man wields a cricket bat?

A-Quite as much.

Q-Do you not think it would be a good thing never to use the same rattan a second time?

A-They are usually kept clean.

( 108 )

Q-Is there not some chance that some blood from one man may have remained on the rattan and that that blood may be imparted to the next person flogged with the same rattan?

A-There is a chance.

Q-What is your opinion about gang labour?

labour? Do you

think if that were intro- duced it would tend to lessen the number of refusals to labour in the Gaol and conse- quently the number of floggings inflicted?

A-The trouble of gang labour is that it is so expensive. Whoever had gang labour outside, the Surveyor General or whoever he was, got very little labour and a large amount of expense for the work done. Everybody tried to shift out of that. In fact you cannot get them to work like free men.

Q -What is your opinion of the standard of discipline in the Gaol now or in the last few years and the standard of discipline during most of your time? Which is higher?

A-I think it has improved and so on. They might be a little too strict. All I can say is they are not the sturdy fellows that are up for punishment as a rule, but those of poorer physique.

Q-Some of them?

A-The majority of them. They come from a very poor class, but those that come in for six or seven years very seldom get into trouble.

Q-Can you account for that?

A--I do not know; they are wiser than the others.

Q-Have you formed any ideas as to the maximum number of strokes that could be inflicted on an average Chinaman without for ever damaging him?

A-Thirty strokes are quite sufficient.

Hon. Commander HASTINGS-You talk about regulating the strokes, Doc. do you mean to say that in the case of a man you think is weakly you would make the flogger give him lighter blows than those given to another man?

tor;

WITNESS-Yes certainly, but a Surgeon may be in attendance who has had no

experience.

Q-Suppose there were two men to be flogged, would they both get the same weight of blow? Or if one was a weakly man would you give him a lighter blow?

A-That would all depend how the man put in the strokes. The officer is told lighter, lighter." The surgeon calls attention to it and gradually gets him to give a cutting stroke without too much "bang."

Q-Suppose one of your regular floggers had to flog two men with six strokes each and you thought that one man was more weakly than the other, would you direct that one man be flogged more lightly?

A-Yes.

Q-They do not get a uniform blow?

A-As uniform-as great as you can get different men to make it. You do not get a uniform stroke. Say one man has twenty strokes to give to two men, the second man would get off better as he would be tired with the swinging.

Q-If you would not pass a man for six strokes with the rattan would you pass him for six strokes with the birch?

[

( 109 )

A-Yes and more, the birch is not severe punishment. Q-Is the "cat" much more severe than the rattan? A-Oh yes, much more severe than a rattan. The "cat buttocks.

Q-I mean on the buttocks ?

A-The "cat" on the buttocks?

was never given on the

Never heard of it. It would wind all round and give a lot of trouble I expect. A "cat" would cause much more severe wounds on the buttocks than a rattan.

Q-They flog boys in the Navy on the buttocks with a "cat"?

A-That may be. I do not know what kind of "cat" they use nowadays. The "" cat we had in the Gaol was made by an old naval man-and whether it was done out of a joke I do not know, but when the Commission came to examine it, there were Naval and Army Officers there and they said-" This would lick any Army or Navy 'cat' into fits." It was a wonderfully made "cat," and it was made by a former naval prisoner who had evidently put his soul into it.

THE CHAIRMAN-It was a highly scientific "cat?"

WITNESS-It was so.

Dr. ATKINSON-You say you have had experience of the use of the "cat" on Chinese ? WITNESS-Yes.

Q-On the back ?

A-Yes.

Q--Were any abscesses produced?.

A--We had them suffering from sores.

Q--No abscesses?

A--No abscesses.

Q--Do you know of any fatal result following the use of the "cat" on Chinese

A--Inflammation of the lungs came afterwards-pneumonia, and I have seen at least half a dozen fellows dying from pneumonic phthisis, and their backs were scarred all over; they showed no signs of disease before they were flogged.

Q--Have you known any fatal result follow the use of the rattan?

A-I have known none before the recent case.

Q-Do you think abscesses ought to follow the infliction of twelve strokes with a rattan?

A-I have never seen abscesses except from twenty to thirty strokes. Q-Have you ever seen Europeans flogged in the Gaol ?

A-I have never seen a European flogged with a rattan but I have with a "cat." Q-It is the custom for the Chinese inmates to lie on the floor of the Gaol Hospital ?

A-Yes.

Q---Do you not think that septicemia might be introduced by a Chinaman with a sore-an open wound-lying on the floor in a crowded room?

A-If he is mixed up with other cases of injury. like lying in beds, and there is no room for any beds. in one of these rooms, and then the windows and doors open.

It is quite possible. It is not We have to put two Europeans and everything else are kept

Q- You have known a prisoner faint under a flogging with a rattan?

( 110 )

A--I have only seen one case which showed any signs of faintness.

Q--Have you seen much erysipelas in the Gaol hospital?

A-I never saw a case of erysipelas after these floggings.

THE CHAIRMAN-As the result of flogging?

WITNESS-No.

Q-Supposing a prisoner who left the Gaol hospital after a flogging tore off the bandage that was on his wounds and slept a night in a street in Taipingshan, what do you think would be the likely result?

A-There are hundreds of men in the Calcutta Courts-possibly there would be two hundred men flogged in a day--and they go away, and they have just the sort of native quarters there as here barring they are mat huts and so on; but the atmos- phere is so bad in the Central Hospital there-just in the middle of the native quarters before the introduction of antiseptics-that they were not able to operate all the summer time. Still if septicemia had been common it must have attracted public attention and exposure. I never heard of any fatal cases from such causes.

Q-Supposing a man had an abscess which formed after a flogging and he was sent out of Gaol with the bandages upon him-the abscess being properly dressed--and on the very same day he tore off these bandages and slept a night in a street in Tai- pingshan, do you not think that would-

A-That would probably result in septicemia. Under the circumstances I would recommend him to be sent to the hospital.

Dr. ATKINSON--Of course, it is possible to absorb the germs from any open wounds?

A-Of course.

THE CHAIRMAN-Is there anything else you would like to tell us, Dr. AYRES, about flogging-about the supervision necessary during flogging, or the nature of the certificates which are given, or the nature of the attendance in the hospital, or any subject you would like to mention ?

A-The hospital has been drawn attention to dozens of times, but there is no other place to use. If there are to be hospital quarters, of course, they have got to be built; there is no other place in the Gaol that you can now use for hospital quarters. We had these two large wards at the time the Yesso blew up; they are now all full up with sixty cells or more.

Dr. ATKINSON---Do you think it advisable to have trained European warders in the hospital?

A-Yes. But we have always had to put up with makeshifts. We have educated them ourselves.

Q-Of course the work is monotonous?

A--Not only monotonous, but the hours are very long, and the atmosphere from the buckets at night is terribly offensive. Go there at 4.30 in the morning and you will understand what I mean.

Q-You think trained warders would be an improvement?

A-Certainly, it is the only way I see out of it. The Medical Officer should not be responsible for accidents occurring if there is nobody in attendance to see that an order is properly carried out and knows nothing of what is being given, or anything else, and hardly knows sufficient to tell whether the medicine is a lotion or to be given as a dose. That is what it means as regards attendance at the Gaol,

( 111 )

Appendix II.

Extract from the Prison Rules and Regulations.

266. No prisoner shall be punished under the provisions of The Prison Ordinance, 1885, until he has had an opportunity of hearing the charges and evidence against him, and of making his defence.

267. Prisoners shall obey the orders of the Superintendent, Warden, and of the subordinate officers who shall be placed over them from time to time.

268. Prisoners are strictly forbidden to have in possession, or to attempt to receive money, tobacco, opium, flint, steel, iron, implements, string, immoral books, or any articles not allowed to them by the Rules of the Prison, or permitted by the Superintendent, and they are not to conceal any articles of food about their persons, or in any ward or cell.

269. No punishment or privation of any kind shall be awarded except by the Superintendent, or by the Superintendent in conjunction with a Visiting Justice subject nevertheless to Rule 272.

270. The following acts are declared to be offences against Prison discipline :-

1. Disobedience of the Regulations of the Prison by any prisoner.

2. Common assault by one prisoner on another.

3. Profane eursing and swearing, and obscene language by any prisoner. 4. Indecent behaviour by any prisoner.

5. Insulting or threatening language by any prisoner, to any officer or prisoner.

6. Idleness or negligence at work by any convicted criminal prisoner.

7. Wilful mismanagement of work by any convicted criminal prisoner.

8. Disorderly conduct by any prisoner.

271. It shall be lawful for the Superintendent to examine any prisoner touching such offences, and to punish them by ordering any offender to be kept in a punishment- cell for not more than three days, on bread, or rice and water, or he may deprive a prisoner of his pork for not more than four meals at one time.

272. The Superintendent may deprive any prisoner of his evening meal for persistent and aggravated idleness, or refusal to labour. In the unavoidable absence of the Superintendent, the Warden may in like cases deprive any prisoner of half his evening meal.

273. The Superintendent may restrain in cross-irons of ten tbs. weight, or less, or in handcuffs, any disorderly or violent prisoner for not longer than twenty-four hours at one time; if a longer period than twenty-four hours is required a written order must be obtained from one of the Visiting Justices for the week, who shall at once attend and investigate the case. In case of

In case of emergency however the Superintendent may on his own responsiblity impose the restraints provided by this Rule for such period as may seem necessary, obtaining the presence of one of the Visiting Justices for the week as soon as possible. The order of such Justice, made on investigation of the case, shall indemnify the Superintendent.

274. If any male prisoner is guilty of any of the following offences, viz. :—

Mutiny or open incitement to mutiny in the prison, personal violence to any

officer of the prison, aggravated or repeated assault on a fellow-prisoner,

( 112 )

repetition of threatening language to any officer or prisoner, and any act of insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means, the Superintendent shall have the power to sentence the said prisoner to corporal punishment not to exceed twelve strokes of the rattan.

It shall be the duty of the Superintendent to report at once to the Governor every case of his exercising the power conferred on him by this section.

275. If any criminal prisoner is guilty of any offence or cf a breach of the Prison Regulations or of Discipline, for the due punishment of which the Superintendent of the Prison may deem the powers vested in him insufficient, it shall be lawful for such Superintendent, in conjunction with a Visiting Justice after enquiry, to punish such prisoner by close or solitary confinement on bread, or rice and water, for a period not exceeding fourteen days, or, in the case of a male prisoner guilty of any offence in the preceding rule mentioned by personal correction not exceeding thirty-six strokes if an adult, nor twelve if a juvenile.

276. No dietary punishment shall be inflicted on any prisoner, nor shall he be placed in a punishment-cell, nor shall corporal punishment be inflicted on him, unless the Surgeon shall certify that such prisoner is in a fit condition of health to undergo such punishment.

277. The following offences committed by male prisoners will render them liable to corporal punishment :--

1st. Mutiny, or open incitement to mutiny in the Prison; personal violence to any officer of the Prisoner; aggravated or repeated assault on a fellow-prisoner; repetition of insulting, or threatening language to any officer or prisoner.

2nd. Wilfully and maliciously breaking the Prison windows, or otherwise

destroying the Prison property.

3rd. When under punishment, wilfully making a disturbance tending to interrupt the order and discipline of the Prison, and any other act of gross misconduct, or insubordination, requiring to be suppressed by extraordi- nary means.

278. Corporal punishment shall be inflicted on the breech, with a rattan of a pattern to be approved by the Governor on the recommendation of the Surgeon.

279. No prisoner who shall be sentenced to solitary confinement by any Court shall be kept in such confinement more than seven days without an interval of one day

out.

Appendix III,

VICTORIA GAOL, HONGKONG, 21st April, 1896.

I certify that Prisoner No. 528 is fit to receive 6 strokes of a Rattan on the Breech.

L. P. MARQUES,

Medical Officer.

GAOL HOSPITAL,

VICTORIA, 5th May, 1896.

I certify that I have examined the Prisoner No. 528 WONG KAU to receive a private flogging of (24) Twenty-four strokes of a Rattan on the Breech, by order of the Superintendent in conjunction with a Justice of the Peace for Insubordination in continually refusing to perform his task, and I find him fit to receive this punishment.

L. P. MARQUES,

Medical Officer.

( 113 )

VICTORIA GAOL, HONGKONG, 18th May, 1896.

I certify that Prisoner No. 704 is fit to receive 6 strokes of a Rattan on the Breech.

L. P. MARQUES,

Medical Officer.

GAOL HOSPITAL,

VICTORIA, 23rd May, 1896.

I certify that I have examined the Prisoner No. 704 WONG KAN Po to receive a private flogging of (12) Twelve strokes of a Rattan on the Breech, by order of the Superintendent and a Justice of the Peace for Insubordination in repeatedly refusing to perform his task, and I find him fit to receive this punishment.

L. P. MARQUES,

•

Medical Officer.

Appendix IV.

Prisoner No. 528 WONG KAU, (old offender).

Wong (old offender). Age 29 years. Sentenced to 28 days hard labour on 15th April, 1896, for stealing.

Medical Officer's report on passing prisoner for labour.

Shot & Stone.

Crank 12,500 or 10, 500 Revolutions.

Shot Drill & 2 tb Oakum.

Crank 6,000 Rev. & 2 tb Oakum.

Light Shot & Oakum.

No. 3 Labour.

Class of Labour Sent to.

528

Fit.

6 Party No. 1

Labour.

Medical History.

April 17, Quinine 2 doses.

Castor Oil 1 oz.

Pain in belly.

21, Received 6 strokes.

No work 4 days.

24, Catechu Mixt: 4 doses.

No. 3 Labour task 4 days.

27, No. 3 Labour continued 1 week; C.W. from flogging.

29, Catechu Mixt: 4 doses. Bowels loose.

May

4, No. 3 Labour discharged,

5, Passed fit to receive 24 strokes.

6, Received 24 strokes. Admitted to hospital.

Evidence taken before whipping.

5th May, 1896.

Warder PIERPOINT being sworn states:-The prisoner No. 528 refused to do shot drill yesterday and again this morning. He said he had pains in his chest. He had seen the Medical Officer previously on the morning of the 4th instant and the Medical Officer had passed him fit for the labour.

Medical Officer's report produced that prisoner is fit for his task.

( 114 )

work.

No. 528 states:-I am sick; pains in my chest and loose bowels and so unable to

Sentence 24 strokes subject to approval.

True copy.

H. B. LETHBRIDGE,

Superintendent.

H. B. LETHBRIDGE, Superintendent.

D. E. BROWN,

Justice of the Peace.

Extract from Prison Punishment Book.

Stealing. (Old offender.)

DATE.

OFFENCE.

PUNISHMENT.

16th April, 1896, Refusing to carry stone,

20th April, 1896,

28th April, 1896, Oakum all unfit,

3 days solitary confinement,

rice and water.

6 strokes. Rule 274. 2 days rice and water.

4th May, 1896, Insubordination in repeatedly refusing 24 strokes. Rule 274. (Supdt.

to work,

Prisoner No. 704 WONG KAU Po. Age 28 years. labour. 11th May, 1896. Stealing.

and a J. P.)

H. B. LETHBRIDGE, Superintendent.

Sentenced to 28 days hard

Medical Officer's report on passing prisoner for labour.

Shot & Stone.

Crank 12,500 or 10,500 Revolutions.

Shot Drill & 3 tb Oakum.

Crank 6,000 Rev. & b Oakum.

Light Shot & Oakum.

No. 3. Labour.

Class of Labour Sent to.

704

Fit.

6 Farty No. 1

Medical History.

May 18, Received 6 strokes; no work for 3 days. C.W. from flogging.

20, No work; discharged.

22, Quinine 6 doses. Temperature 98.2.

23, Passed fit to receive 12 strokes (by Visiting Justice).

25, Received 12 strokes; no work for 4 days. C.W. from flogging.

,, 27, Admitted to hospital. Gluteal abscess.

Labour.

( 115 )

Evidence taken before whipping.

23rd May, 1896.

Warder VINCE being duly sworn states:-On the 21st instant prisoner No. 704 refused to carry shot and stone. He complained of a pain in his chest. Prisoners always complain of a pain when they refuse labour.

Medical Officer's report produced that the prisoner is fit for the labour.

No. 704 states:-I was coughing up blood. I had a to hospital yesterday morning and the doctor examined me.

Sentence: 12 strokes subject to approval.

pain in my chest. I went

I still have pain.

True copy.

H. B. LETHBRIDGE, Superintendent.

CHAN QUAN Ủ,

Justice of the Peace.

H. B. LETHBRIDGE,

Superintendent.

Extract from Prison Punishment Book.

DATE.

OFFENCE.

PUNISHMENT.

13th May, 1896, Refusing to work,

18th May, 1896,

21st May, 1896, Insubordination by repeatedly,

refusing to perform his task,.

3 days solitary confinement; Rice

and water.

6 strokes. Rule 274.

12 strokes. Rule 275. (Supt. and a J. P.)

H. B. LETHBRIDGE, Superintendent.

Appendix V.

No. S/198.

TUNG WA HOSPITAL.

I beg to report that LAU KAU was admitted to the Tung Wa Hospital on the 13th instant, suffering from large abscesses on either buttock, one with a large slough in it. As these appeared to me to be caused by flogging, I have had enquiries made, the result being that an officer of the Victoria Gaol identified the man as having been discharged from the Gaol on 12th instant.

He was flogged when in the Gaol and then passed under the name of WONG KAU, the flogging must have been nothing less than brutal to have produced such a result.

J. M. ATKINSON,

Acting Colonial Surges...

30th May, 1896.

No. S/201E.

SIR,

( 116 )

VICTORIA GAOL,

2nd June, 1896.

I have the honour to inform you that a Chinese prisoner No. 704, WONG KAU, died in the Gaol Hospital at 1.45 A M. to-day. He was sentenced to 28 days hard labour on the 11th May, 1896, and received 6 strokes on the 18th May, and 12 strokes on the 23rd May. He was admitted to Hospital on the 27th May and died this morning. Cause of death was Septicemia due to the wounds caused by the flogging.

The Acting Colonial Surgeon.

I have. &c..

J. BELL, Assistant Surgeon.

Appendix VI.

Table showing the yearly number of prisoners who have received corporal punishment in

Victoria Gaol from 1888 to 1895.

Not

Treated in Hospital. received in

Hospital.

Total Year. Number of

prisoners.

Total Number

Percent-

Daily Average.

Death. Cases of contused wounds

Cases of

Gluteal

contused

abscess

wounds

from

of cases from flogging.

age of

Gluteal

floggings. abscesses.

from flogging.

from

flogging. flogging.

4388

3,627

531

101

173

4.7

2.9

1889 3,705

581

4890 3,444

566

1891 5,231

507

88888

ତ

124

159

4.3

1.26

226

295

8.6

3. 4

182

214

4.7

1. 2

1892 5,046

515

181

213

4.2

2.8

1893

4,010

458

119

160

4.0

1.25

1894 3,913

455

100

178

208

5.3

.48

1895 5,014

472

508

535

10.6

2.24

Appendix VII.

Ordinance 4 of 1865.-Offences against the Person.

Sections 14, 19, 26, 27, 28, 59 and

64. Whenever whipping may be awarded for any indictable offence under this Ordinance, the Court may sentence the offender to be once privately whipped, and the number of strokes which shall in no case exceed 40 and the instrument with which they shall be inflicted shall be specified by the Court in the sentence.

( 117 )

Ordinance 7 of 1865.—Larceny, &c.

Sections 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26, 28, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 38, 40, 43, 44, 48, 50, 51, 54, 55, 59, 75, 79, 84 and

96 same as section 64 of Ordinance 4 of 1865.

Ordinance 8 of 1865.---Malicious Injury to Property.

Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 44 and

60 same as section 64 of Ordinance 4 of 1865.

Sec. 19 of 4 of 1865.

Sec. 32 of 7 of 1865.

Ordinance 12 of 1865.—Security from Personal Violence.

For attempting to choke, &c. in order to commit an indictable offence.

For robbery or assault by a person armed, or by two or more, or robbery and wounding

1, 2 or 3 whippings--

(1) male under 16 not exceeding 25 strokes at each whipping and with rattan. (2) other males not exceeding 50 strokes at each whipping.

(3) Court to specify number of strokes and instrument.

No whipping to take place after expiration of 6 months from passing of

sentence.

Ordinance 3 of 1881.-Penal Ordinances Amendment Ordinance, 1881.

Flogging on the back unlawful.

Flogging to be with a rattan on the breech.

Sentence to specify number of strokes or lashes.

Sentence to state that flogging shall be in a prison in case of a person of or over 14 years, and privately in case of a person under the age of 14 years.

Ordinance 15 of 1886.-Peace Preservation Ordinance.

Section 9. Rioters, etc. and persons found carrying arms, &c. during the existence of any proclamation may, in addition to any other penalty, be whipped with a rattan not exceeding half an inch in diameter and with not more than 30 strokes.

Ordinance 16 of 1887.— Whipping as a further Punishment for certain Crimes.

Upon conviction of--

(a) a crime committed with any offensive weapon or instrument.

(b) any felony not punishable with death committed after two previous convictions for felony for each of which the sentence has been at least 6 months hard labour.

9.0"

( 118 )

(larceny, &c.).

(d) piracy.

(e) indecent assault.

(f) stealing any chattel, money, or valuable security from the person of any

child or woman without violence,

the Supreme Court may, in addition to punishments laid down, direct that a male offender be once, twice or thrice privately whipped.

Number of strokes in case of a male whose age does not exceed 16 limited to 12 at each whipping, and in case of every other male offender to 36 strokes at each whipping.

Whipping on back prohibited.

Sentence to prescribe number of strokes and to provide that whipping shall be inflicted with rattan on breech privately in prison and within 6 months of the sentence. Present powers of Supreme Court to award whipping for certain crimes not to be limited by this Ordinance.

Ordinance 10 of 1890.-Magistrates.

Sections 85, 86 and 87 clothe Magistrates with power to order whipping of any male offender under section 28 of Ordinance 7 of 1865 (Larceny, &c.), of male offenders under 16 convicted of larceny, &c., and specify the amount of whipping and the mode of its infliction.

Appendix VIII.

GAOL HOSPITAL.

13'x8'.2" x 13'.4" 13'.0" x 8'.2" x 13'.4" 13.0" x 8.0" x 13.4" 12.7" x 8'.0" x 13.4" 13'.8" x 7'.9" x 13'.10"

1,415 c. ft.

1,386 c. ft.

1,342 c. ft.

V. Ward.

VI. Ward.

VII. Ward.

VIII. Ward.

Height of Corridor 13′.4′′.

13.0" x x 13′.6" | 12′.10′′ × 8′.0" x 13'.5′′

1,404 c. ft.

IV. Ward.

1,377 c. ft.

13' x 8' x 13'.5"

1,395 c. ft.

12'.5" x 8'.0" x 13′.5" ;

1,332 c. ft.

III. Ward.

II. Ward.

1. Ward.

Hongkong, 15th June, 1896.

1,465 c. ft.

FRANCIS A. COOPER. Director of Public Works.

( 119 )

Apendix IX.

Table showing the Superintendents in charge of the Victoria Gaol, Hongkong, from May 1885 to date.

Name.

Major-General A. II. Gordon.

N. G. Mitchell-Innes.

Major R. C. Chaytor.

Major-General A. H. Gordon,

Major T. C. Dempster.

Major-General A. II. Gordon.

A. M. Thomsou.

G. Horspool.

Major-General A. H, Gordon.

H. B. Lethbridge.

A. M. Thomsou.

H. B. Lethbridge.

Period in charge.

May 1885 to January 1887.

January 1887 to August 1887.

August 1887 to October 1887.

October 1887 to April 1889.

April 1889 to December 1890.

December 1890 to March 1891.

April 1891 to March 1892.

March 1892 to May 1892.

May 1892 to November 1892.

November 1892 to April 1895.

April 1895 to March 1896.

March, 1896 to

Remarks.

Acting,

་་

Acting.

Acting,

Acting.

Still in charge.

Hongkong, 17th June, 1896.

Apendix X.

II. B. LETHBRIDGE,

Superintendent.

SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE.

VICTORIA GAOL, 22nd June, 1896.

SIR,

I have the honour to forward herewith the communication received from the Colonial Secretary which I referred to in my evidence.

I have the honour to be.

Sir.

Your most obedient Servant,

H. B. LETHBRIDGE. Superintendent.

T. SERCOMBE SMITH, Esq.,

Chairman,

Flogging Inquiry Committee.

་

No. 688.

SIR,

( 120 )

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE,

5th May, 1896.

I am directed to forward the enclosed extract from the Acting Colonial Surgeon's annual report, and to inform you that His Excellency the Governor desires that in future, when prisoners are whipped by order of the Superintendent, a smaller number of strokes should, as a general rule, be inflicted than has hitherto been customary.

THE SUPERINTENDENT,

VICTORIA GAOL.

I have, &c.,

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

Extract from Acting Colonial Surgeon's Annual Report.

The number of prisoners admitted to the Hospital was less than in 1894, the 'figure being 231 as compared with 271.

"Of those treated in the Hospital 45 were suffering from malarial fever, 24 from ancemia, whilst there were 15 contused wounds from flogging and 12 gluteal abscesses "the result of flogging.

"I would submit for consideration the advisability of more frequent floggings of a "smaller number of strokes at a time; there was only one case of gluteal abscess the "result of flogging in 1894, therefore either the punishment must have been inflicted "more vigorously or the subjects were of poorer physique.

J. M. ATKINSON,

"Acting Colonial Surgeon.”

NUMBER OF PERSONS FLOGGED.

Number

Total

Number

Total Number of

Number of

floggings of

Hoggings

I ordered floggings

by the

ordered

1ST JUNE

TO 31ST MAY.

of Prisoners. in Gaol.

Once.

Twice.

More than Twice.

ordered

Stro

floggings

for

by the

Superin

by the

Total.

Gaol

Superin-

tendent

Judges

und

tendent

and a

and

Offences.

Justice

Magis-

alone.

By By By By Court. Gaol.¦ Court. Gaol. Court. Gaol.

By By

of the Peace.

trates.

By Court.

1886 1887 250,946

132

1887

1888 205,120

161 60

1888

1889 204,059 188 62 84 18

1889

1890 208,826 163

69 15

108

་་

1890 1891 105,797 287 116

98 22

148

139

1891

1892 186,794 280

137

101 17

126

104

1892

1893 177,870 195 105 64

114

1893

1894 166,778 162

90 62

1894 1895 169,577 306

64 208

☺

239

235

1895

1896 170,234 554

71 386 10

473

456

* Th

Number

Appendix XI

NUMBER OF FLOGGINGS OF

NUM

of Number

Number

han

ce.

Total Number

floggings by the

floggings

of floggings of

ordered floggings

ordered

by the ordered

Strokes

Superin- by the

and

for Gaol Offences.

Superin-

tendent Judges

under.

12 Strokes and under.

18 Strokes and under.

24 Strokes and

30 Strokes

50 Strokes

Mutiny

and

under.

and under.

open incite-

tendent alone.

and a Justice

und

Magis-

ment

of the trates.

By Gaol.

Peace.

Mutiny By By By By By By By Br By By By By in Court. Gaol. Court. Gaol. Court. Gaol. Court. Gaol. Curt. Gaol. Court. Gaol. Prison.

10 12

108

148

139

126

104

31 11

123

114

23 23

11 35

57 25

239

235

617

116

119 16

ས་

ය

*The Numbers in this column include the Indian Guards who are not discipline officers.

473

456

318

142 12

NUMBER OF PRISONERS FLOGGED FOR VARIOUS PRISON OFFENCES.

Repeti- Acts of

Insubor- Wilful of dination and threat requiring Mali- repeated ening to be

cious

Gross Miscon-

duct and

Maling Insubordi-

nation

Ds- turbance requiring

50 Strokes and under.

Mutiny

or Personal open Violence incite-

ment

Aggrav- ated

tion

any

Officer

on a

Mutiny

fellow-

By By in Court. Gaol. Prison.

uage to anv

ed by

extra-

ion of Prison

under Punish-

to be suppressed

Prison.

prisoner. Officer or ordinary property.

Prisoner. means.

ment.

by extra- ordinary Means.

Assault

lang-suppress-destruct-

STAFF OF GAOL,

31ST MAY IN EACH YEAR.

Europeans.

Indians. *

Portuguese.

Others.

:..

licers.

•

146

3833

126

227

888

સ્ત્ર

425

H. B. LETHBRIDGE,

Superintendent.

HONGKONG.

REPORT

OF THE

COMMISSION

APPOINTED BY

HIS EXCELLENCY SIR WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Hongkong and its Dependencies, and Vice-Admiral of the same,

TO ENQUIRE INTO THE WORKING AND ORGANIZATION

OF THE

TUNG WA HOSPITAL,.

TOGETHER WITH THE

EVIDENCE TAKEN BEFORE THE COMMISSION,

AND OTHER APPENDICES.

HONGKONG:

PRINTED BY NORONHA & Co., GOVERNMENT PRINTERS.

1896.

INDEX.

PAGE.

Report by the Chairman (Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART), Honourable A. M. THOMSON {

and the Honourable Ho KAI,.......

Report by the Honourable C. P. CHATER,.

Report by the Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD, Evidence,

....xvii

3-74

WITNESSES.

Dr. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon,

Mr. R. K. LEIGH, M.I.C.E.,

Mr. MCCALLUM, Secretary to Sanitary Board,

Mr. Ku FAI-SHAN, Chairman, Tung Wa Hospital Committee,

Mr. Aσ KI-NÁM, Clerk to the Tung Wa Hospital,......................

Mr. WEI A YUK, Compradore, Mercantile Bank,

Mr. Ho AMEI, Secretary, On Tai Insurance Company,

Dr. Lowson, Assistant Surgeon, Government Medical Department,

Mr. Lo CHI-TIN, Chairman, Tung Wa Hospital Committee, 1895,

Dr. CLARK, Medical Officer of Health, Sanitary Board,.

Dr. THOMSON, Superintendent, Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals, Dr. AYRES, Colonial Surgeon,

Surgeon-Colonel EVATT, P.M.O., A.M.S.,

I. Commission,.

APPENDIX.

PAGE.

III.

IV.

8-18

19-21

...........22-21 ....25-30

..30-31

..32-35

.35-38

...38-48

...48-49

..50-54

..55-59

..60-65

65-74

II.-Form of Summons,

III.-Memorandum on the subject of the "I-Ts'z"; and correspondence regarding the

establishment of the Tung Wa Hospital,

Ordinance incorporating the Hospital,

IV.-Letters from Acting Colonial Surgeon, (Dr. ATKINSON),

List of Infectious Diseases,

V-XLVII.

XLVII-L.

..L-LVI.

....LV.

V.-Letters from Messrs. LEIGH and ORANGE,

.....

.LVU-LVIHI.

VI.-Report and Memo. of Secretary, Sanitary Board, (Mr. McCallum),

..LVIII-LXU.

VII. Report on Records and Buildings of the Hospital by Ion. Ho Kat and Acting

Colonial Treasurer, (Hon. A. M. THOMSON),

...LXII-LXIV.

VIII. Finances of Tung Wa Hospital,

...LXV.

IX.-Statement showing Admissions to the Tung Wa Hospital from 1891-95, . .........................EXV,

X-Papers regarding Pauper Hospital at Singapore,.

XI.-Receipts and Disbursements of Tung Wa Hospital in 1894. XII.--Report of Medical Officer of Health, Sanitary Board, (Dr. CLARK), XIII.--Correspondence with Colonial Surgeon (Dr. AYRES),.. XIV.-Extract from Hongkong Telegraph regarding Tung Wa Hospital,

XV.-Letter from Colonial Surgeon (Dr. AYRES),

Returns from Acting Colonial Surgeon (Dr. ATKINSON), ..

XVI. Staff of the Tung Wa Hospital,

»LXV-LXXI.

.LXXII.

LXXIII-LXXV.

...LXXV-LXXVI.

...LXXVI-LXXIX.

...LXXX.

.LXXXI-LXXXIII,

.....LXXXIV.

XVII.-Petition from the Directors of the Tung Wa Hospital regarding the Finances

of the Hospital,

XVIII.—Donations to the Tung Wa Hospital not yet paid by certain Guilds,

XIX.-Valuation of the House Property owned by the Tung Wa Hospital,

....LXXXV.

..LXXXV.

LXXXVI.

REPORT·

The Chairman (Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART), Honourable A. M. THOMSON,

and the Honourable Ho KaI.

p. III.

We, the undersigned Members of the Commission, appointed by Your Excellency Appendix on the 5th day of February, 1896, to enquire into the working and organization of the Tung Wa Hospital, have the honour to forward herewith the evidence taken by us and our opinion thereon.

2. We examined 14 witnesses and held 9 meetings covering a period from the 14th February to the 2nd July.

3. In accordance with the terms of the Commission we instituted an enquiry into the first matter specially referred to us for investigation, viz.,

"Whether the Hospital is fulfilling the object and purpose of its Incorporation."

4. To be able to answer this question, it was considered desirable, in the first instance, to ascertain exactly for what object and purpose the Hospital was established, and this necessitated an enquiry into the steps which led up to the foundation of the Hospital.

5. From the Memorandum of Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL and the other papers printed in Appendix III. it appears that in 1869 the attention of the Government was called to the gross abuses and disgusting scenes in a Chinese institution or temple called the "I Ts'z." This institution seems to have been erected in the year 1851, its original object being stated as follows in a petition translated by Mr. (afterwards Sir THOMAS) WADE :-

p. XVII.

"Petition that a piece of ground be granted to certain Chinese to build a Appendix

common ancestral Chinese temple. People of other nations and persua- sions have had similar grants; but the Chinese who frequent the Colony being workmen, servants and the like, if they die here have no temple

in which their ancestral tablets may be placed. Many of them come from a distance and if, when they died here, there was a temple to receive their tablets, their fellow-villagers or connections visiting Hong- kong could carry them home. They have subscribed funds and have appointed T'ONG CHIU and TAM A-TIM to the direction of what may be requisite."

6. In addition, however, to being used as a receptacle or depôt for ancestral tablets, the "I Ts'z" developed into a kind of native hospital to which Chinese were taken in

a moribund condition. A description of this dying-house is given by Mr. LISTER and

P. VI.

Mr. STEWART, who visited it in 1869. The former states:-"I visited this native Appendix

hospital, and found a picture of neglect and misery which I shall not soon forget. At my first visit there were, dead and alive, about nine or ten

His Excellency

Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

Sc.,

&c.,

Se.

Appendix

P. VII.

Appendix p. VIII.

P. XXII.

[vi]

patients in the so-called hospital. One, apparently dying from emaciation and diarrhea, was barricaded into a place just large enough to hold the board on which he lay, and not high enough to stand up in. Another room contained a boarding on which lay two poor creatures half-dead, and one corpse, while the floor, which was of earth, was covered with pools of urine. The next room contained what the attendants asserted to be two corpses, but on examination one of them was found to be alive, a fact which the coolie who discovered it greeted with an oath, and other rooms contained miserable and emaciated creatures, unable to speak or move, whose rags had apparently never been changed since their admission, and whom the necessities of nature had reduced to an inexpressibly sickening condition."

7. Mr. STEWART states :-"I quite agree with everything Mr. LISTER has said. It is impossible for me to convey in words the impression made on me by a picture of filth, misery, and neglect which I did not expect to find even in China.”

8. Another eye-witness describes it as follows :—

"The 'I Ts'z' consists of two small rooms, which are in the foulest condition. Sometimes as many as thirty patients are huddled together in it. There is not, as there could not possibly be, any classification of patients. Those who are afflicted with the most contagious disease lie side by side with those who are ill, may be, from old age.

9. The Governor took prompt steps to put an end to the disgraceful state of affairs at the "I Ts'z" and in a few days after his first visit Mr. LISTER was able to report that "the horrors of the 'I Ts'z' exist no longer." The better class of Chinese were, according to the Governor, much ashamed of the very public exposé in connection with the "I Ts'z," and the opportunity was thought to be a good one for reviving a plan, which had been mooted before, for the establishment of a Chinese hospital "to meet," as the Appendix Governor states in his despatch No. 726 of the 21st June, 1869, "certain Chinese special wants and prejudices which are not provided for by the existing Civil Hospital- as may be seen by last year's returns which shew admissions of Europeans and Indians to the Civil Hospital to have been 934, against 223 Chinese" out of a population of 100,000 Chinese. And in the same despatch to Lord GRANVILLE, Sir RICHARD Appendix MACDONNELL continues:-" Your Lordship may hence infer the large aggregate of misery, wretchedness and disease which must be either wholly or inadequately cared for in this city; and I believe there is no effective remedy for such an evil except inducing the Chinese, as I am doing, to build a suitable hospital and refuge, open to European surveillance but under Chinese management and direction, so that there may be no such reluctance to go there in the minds of the natives as that which generally prevents their voluntarily going to the Civil Hospital."

P. XXILL.

10. The idea of establishing a native hospital was taken up warmly by the leading Chinese residents and in August 1869 the Governor was able to report to the Secretary Appendix of State that the subscription list circulated amongst the Chinese amounted to $30,000. Appendix In the despatch forwarding this report a petition from the Chinese was enclosed which

P. XXXIII.

P. XXXIV,

shows clearly on what conditions they understood the new hospital was to be established. They state:"Now one of the regulations agreed upon on a former occasion in con- nection with the hospital says—

'The general conduct of affairs and the framing of regulations will devolve on the Chinese, in whose hands the management will be.' This regula- tion was submitted to and approved of by His Worship, and, at a personal interview, petitioners had the honour to receive his sanction to leaving the framing of regulations and the management of affairs in the hands of the Chinese, so long as they kept the place cleanly and in good order."

In the same petition it is stated:-

[vii]

"Once more, the customs of the Chinese are as different as possible from those of the English, and if it is according to English principles that the hospitals are to be conducted, why should petitioners defray expenses and take the trouble of building another? (when there is an English hospital already)."

P. XLI.

P. XLVII.

p. XLII.

11. The difficulties raised in this petition were overcome, and Earl GRANVILLE in Appendix November, 1869, expressed his entire satisfaction at the effective and judicious measures adopted by the Governor in relation to the Hospital. In 1870 an Ordinance incorpor- Appendix ating the Hospital was passed, and on the 14th February, 1872 the Governor assisted at the ceremony of declaring the Hospital open. In the final paragraph of his despatch to Appendix the Secretary of State, containing an account of that ceremony, he stated:-"On the whole I can conscientiously say that I look forward with cheerfulness and hope to the future of the Hospital, and feel thankful that I have been permitted to take so leading a part in extracting finally so much good from the original abuses, which disgraced the 'I Ts'z' Hospital and led to the present important undertaking which your Lordship and Earl GRANVILLE have done so much to countenance and promote.'

12. From a careful perusal of the correspondence from which extracts have been made above, it appears clear that the hospital was erected in place of, and to prevent a recur- rence of the abuses connected with the disgraceful "I Ts'z"; that it was established to receive moribund and sick Chinese, more especially those in indigent circumstances; that the conduct of the affairs of the hospital and the framing of regulations for its guidance were to devolve on the Chinese who were to be responsible for the management; that the treatment was to be conducted according to Chinese methods and not according to English principles,. (otherwise in view of the existence of the Civil Hospital there was no reason for the erection of a Chinese Hospital); and that the hospital was intended to induce Chinese to make use of the institution instead of allowing the Chinese sick and destitute to die in their own houses and to meet certain Chinese special wants and prejudices not provided for by the Civil Hospital.

p. XLVIL

13. The objects and purposes of the institution are embodied in Ordinance No. 3 of Appendix 1870, "An Ordinance enacted by the Governor of Hongkong, with the advice of the Legislative Council thereof, for establishing a Chinese Hospital to be supported by voluntary contributions, and for erecting the same into an eleemosynary Corporation. In section 3 of that Ordinance it is laid down "that the Corporation is erected for the purpose of establishing and maintaining a public free hospital for the treatment of the indigent sick among the Chinese population, to be supported by voluntary contributions. Provided nevertheless that it shall be lawful for the Board of Direction to admit any Chinese patients into the said Hospital upon payment of such charges and upon such conditions as may be specified in and by any regulations to be hereafter made."

14. Having carefully examined the history of the foundation of the hospital, having considered the correspondence in which the objects for establishing the institution are clearly laid down, and having heard the witnesses who are able to speak on the subject, we are of opinion that the hospital is fulfilling the object and purpose of its Incorporation. In this connection the evidence of the Colonial Surgeon (Dr. AYRES) is very important. He has been acquainted with the Hospital from the second year of its opening and has visited it constantly ever since, and he states:-" The Chinese Committee has obeyed the Evidence contract regarding the management of the Hospital." In answer to the following question by the Chairman:-"In your opinion the Committee has carried out the spirit of the Evidence Ordinance ?"--he replied "Yes; I have read the whole of the correspondence with Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL, and am well acquainted with the stipulations. The Chinese said if you are going to insist on treating the cases upon English principles you had better not call upon us to go on with the proposal to establish the Tung Wa and should content yourselves with extending the European hospital."

p. 61.

p. 62.

[viii]

15. To what extent the Hospital is carrying on its work of treating the indigent sick

may be seen on reference to Appendix IX. which contains a statement showing the number of patients admitted into the Tung Wa Hospital from 1891 to 1895 inclusive. From this statement it will be seen that during 5 years there were 10,806 male in- patients or a yearly average of 2,161; 1,952 female in-patients or a yearly average of 390; 530,781 male out-patients or a yearly average of 106,156; 272,278 female out- patients or a yearly average of 54,455. All these patients were non-paying patients, the number of private paying patients from 1891 to 1895 amounting to 106 males and 47 females.

16. But in addition to treating the indigent sick the Hospital also performs other charitable functions. It provides free burial for the poor and maintains a cemetery in which the poor are buried. It vaccinates free of charge not only in the City of Victoria but also in the out-lying villages of the Colony, to which vaccinators are despatched at fixed periods. Until recently it afforded accommodation for women and girls rescued by the Pó Léung Kuk or Society for the Protection of Women and Girls, and it still continues to provide food for those women and girls. It houses and feeds male desti- tutes and defrays the cost of sending them to their native homes.

17. A reference to Appendix VII. will show the careful and precise manner in which the records of the Hospital are kept.

18. As to the finances of the Hospital, we consider that they have been well managed, and that the investments of certain funds of the Hospital in house property have been made with great judgment.

19. From the report of the Acting Colonial Treasurer (Mr. THOMSON) it appears Appets that the Government grant to the Tung Wa Hospital amounted to $115,000. Out of that total amount a sum of $90,000 was placed in the Bank, the remainder having been expended on building. In 1875 a sum of $21,200 and subsequently other sums were withdrawn for investment in house property, leaving a balance on deposit of $34,000.

P. LXXXVI.

20. A valuation of the house properties purchased by the Hospital for a total of Appendix $86,000 has been kindly made for the Commission by Mr. SHELTON HOOPER, Secretary of the Land Investment Company. He values the properties now owned by the Tung Wa Hospital at $215,265.32 or nearly three times more than they originally cost the Hospital. We consider those responsible for these investments are to be congratulated on such a successful result. As regards the rents now obtained by the Hospital from their properties, we are of opinion that they are fair and reasonable. We think it would be an improvement if the accounts of the Hospital were kept in the currency of the Colony instead of as at present in taels, etc.

21. It is contended by Mr. CHATER and Mr. WHITEHEAD that the annual accounts of the Hospital should be audited by Government Officers in accordance with clause 15 of Ordinance 3 of 1870, and with the terms of Governor Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL'S despatch to Lord KIMBERLEY of the 19th February, 1872, in which he writes as follows:-

"I need only add that a vigilant supervision is intended to be maintained over the accounts and expenditure by Auditors appointed by Government. and who at present are the Registrar General for the time being and the Superintendent of the Central Schools."

The other members of the Commission do not consider such an audit necessary for the following reasons.

Monthly accounts are circulated among members of the Corporation, are posted in conspicuous places, and are sent to the Registrar General. The annual accounts are audited by an auditor chosen by lot from members of the Corporation who have served on the Committee, are always carefully examined by the Committee elected each year, who

[ix]

will not take them over unless they are in order, and are submitted to the Government and published in English and Chinese in the Government Gazette. The Government grant to the hospital has always been supervised by the Government and no investments have been made from it without the previous sanction of the Government.

22. In Appendix XVII. will be found a petition from the Directors of the Tung Wa Hospital praying that $20,000 may be granted from the $34,000 deposited in the Bank in order to meet certain extraordinary expenses incurred by the Hospital in connection with the plague and in improving the Hospital buildings. We consider their request a reasonable one and recommend it to the favourable consideration of the Government.

23. From the evidence of Mr. Lo CHI-TIN, a former Chairman of the Tung Wa Hospital Directors, it appears that there has been some difficulty in obtaining the usual subscrip- tions from some of the Guilds. A list of these Guilds is given in Appendix XVIII. and we recommend that steps should be taken to point out to these Guilds how necessary it is, if the Hospital is to be continued in a satisfactory manner, that subscriptions should be paid regularly.

p. 19.

24. As regards the sanitary maintenance of the hospital the evidence before the Commission somewhat varies. Looking, however, to the evidence of Mr. MCCALLUM, Mr. LEIGH, Dr. CLARK, Surgeon-Colonel EVATT, and Dr. AYRES, and speaking from our own experience of the Hospital, extending in the case of some of the members of the Commission over many years, we are of opinion that the Hospital has been and is maintained in a fairly sanitary condition. A reference to the evidence of Mr. LEIGH will show what improvements have already been effected as regards lavatory, cloth- Evidence ing, and store accommodation. In answer to the question: "Is the Hospital kept in a good condition?" Mr. LEIGH states:-"The Hospital has always been kept clean. Evidence I speak from sixteen years' experience of it." Surgeon-Colonel EVATT is inclined to think Evidence the Hospital compares not unfavourably with the Indian hospitals, and in reply to the question: "With regard to your visits to the Hospital, did you find it clean?" he replies:-"I think so." And further on being asked-"Apart from clothing. did you Evidence think the Hospital clean?" He states :-"Considering my Indian experience, I should say it was." Even Dr. Lowson, who is in favour of the abolition of the Tung Wa Hospital, admits that it is better than it used to be.

25. The drainage of the Hospital has been thoroughly overhauled and is now in a satisfactory condition.

p. 21.

p. 69.

p. 67.

P. 21.

p. LXXX.

26. As to the existing wards of the Hospital Mr. LEIGH states that "These two Evidence wards are as good as you can wish for in any hospital. They are well built, well lighted, well ventilated;" and Dr. AYRES in his letter of the 22nd June states: “In Appendix accordance with your request I inspected the Tung Wa Hospital on Friday, the 19th instant, and was pleased to note the improvement made in the wards by the removal of the cubical screens, as I recommended in my Annual Report for 1894. This is an improvement to all the large wards for medical cases. These wards are now well ventilated and can be kept clean, but constant supervision will be necessary to see that this is done."

27. Having given our reasons for our opinion that the Hospital is fulfilling the objects and purposes of its Incorporation and is in a sanitary condition, we now proceed to consider the second point of reference to the Commission, viz., "whether the Commission can suggest or recommend any matter or thing by which the present organization and administration of the Hospital can be improved or carried on more effectively." Various recommendations in the direction of improvement have been made by different witnesses. Dr. ATKINSON is in favour of abolishing the Tung Wa Hospital, but with his view we do not agree. What would be the effect of such abolition is clearly indicated by the Colonial Surgeon, Dr.. AYRES, when asked to state his opinion as to what would be the result upon the general health of the Colony if the Tung Wa were

P. 64.

[ x ]

Evidence abolished. "It would," he states, "mean a more rapid mortality among the Chinese; and we would have much more trouble in verifying cases of infectious disease. Plague cases, fever and other cases of infectious disease would not be brought to the Tung Wa Hospital as at present; the people would die in their own houses, and although we would find plague corpses, we would find very few cases." And again he states:- Evidence the Hospital is a benefit so long as we can supervise the people who come in; many cases of plague, typhoid fever and small-pox have been verified there, and removed and segregated for proper treatment."

P. 64.

Evidence P. 23.

Evidence

p. 23.

Mr. MCCALLUM, when asked what he thought would be the result of the abolition of the Tung Wa Hospital, stated that "probably you would have dead-houses re-established," such as the "I Ts'z", to which reference has been made at the beginning of this report, "and that, in a great many instances patients would prefer to die in their houses rather "than

go to the Civil Hospital."

28. But though we are in favour of the retention of Tung Wa Hospital we think that certain improvements might be effected as regards its staff, structural arrangements, and sanitary maintenance.

29. With respect to its staff, we are of opinion that a Chinese trained in Western medical science should be appointed by the Government to reside at the Hospital chiefly for the purpose of furnishing correct returns of deaths occurring there. It is absolutely necessary in the interests of the health of the public that the Government should be fur- nished with mortality statistics which can be accepted as accurate. We are of opinion ✓ that such statistics cannot be supplied by the Chinese doctors of the Hospital, and we therefore consider that a properly qualified Chinese should be appointed and paid by the Government in order that it may be supplied with reliable mortality returns. In addi- tion to being responsible for these returns this officer should also assist the Colonial Surgeon, as Mr. U I-KAI now does, when he inspects the patients in the receiving ward, which ward should, in our opinion, be retained, and should aid the Justices of the Peace when they pay their visits of inspection. Complaints have been made of the absence of any one on the staff of the Hospital acquainted with English who is able to interpret. The appointment of such an officer as we propose will supply the want of proper interpreta- tion. In recommending this appointment we desire it to be clearly understood that the officer appointed is not to interfere in any way with the treatment of the patients unless requested by the patients or native doctors to give the benefit of his advice and assistance. If this is clearly understood and if the appointment be made by the Government, we are Evidence of opinion, judging from the evidence of Mr. KU FAI-SHAN, Mr. WEI YUK, Mr. Ho AMEI 53 and Mr. LO CHI-TIN, that there will be no objection to the appointment on the part of

the subscribers to the Hospital.

pp. 27, 18, 33, 34, 37, and 49.

30. In addition to the appointment of a Chinese trained in Western medical science, whose salary should in our opinion, as we have stated, be defrayed by Government, see- ing that it is entirely in the interests of the health of the public that we regard the creation of such an office as necessary, we recommend that a Chinese of good standing be appointed Steward of the Hospital who, acting under the orders of the Hospital Committee and in co-operation with the Sanitary Board, should be held responsible for the sanitary mainten- ance of the Hospital buildings and drainage, for the cleanliness of the patients, their bedding and clothing, for the proper carrying out of the conservancy system, for the proper ventilation of the wards and for the other details which a Stewand of a hospital has usually to supervise. This officer should be placed at the head of the working staff of the Hospital (not, of course, including the native doctors), and it should be part of his functions to see that the other members of the staff, whose duties should be clearly defined, and whose pay should be such as to attract reliable men, perform the work assigned to them regularly and efficiently. We consider that a salary high enough to secure the services of a suitable person should be paid, and that it would be preferable, if possible,

量

[xi]

to engage some one who has already had experience of hospitals either in this Colony or elsewhere. The Steward should live in the Hospital and be provided with suitable quarters.

31. We also agree with Surgeon-Colonel EVATT that it would be a good thing to obtain Chinese trained in nursing to look after the patients. We are aware of the difficul- ties in this direction, but we are of opinion that if no such Chinese can be obtained at once, immediate steps should be taken to have Chinese trained for the purpose, who should be sufficiently well remunerated to induce them to undertake the work. We observe that on the present staff of the Hospital there are two female attendants, who have not been specially trained as nurses. In view of the prejudice among the Chinese against the nursing of females by males, we recommend that an endeavour be made to obtain Chinese women who are willing to learn to nurse and who should be trained under the Matron of the Civil Hospital. We feel sure that if this can be arranged-and though there may be difficulties at the start, we see no reason why they should not be overcome as has been done at the Alice Memorial Hospital-the comfort and welfare of the female patients in the Hospital will be greatly increased and ameliorated.

32. With regard to the structural arrangements of the Hospital it appears from the evidence given to the Commission that many improvements have been effected recently and that there is no disinclination on the part of the management of the Hospital to still further improve the Hospital buildings. The only difficulty appears to be want of funds. In that direction we think that the Hospital should receive whatever help is possible from Government. There is a balance of $34,000 belonging to the Hospital on deposit in the Bank. The Committee has already applied for $20,000 to defray the cost of expenditure in connection with the plague and of improvements already effected in the buildings. This would leave a balance of $14,000 which, we think, might very properly be devoted to the completion of the lavatories, etc., for the North block, to the construction of a new ward to take the place of the present surgical ward, which all the medical witnesses examined by us declare to be unsuitable, and to erecting suitable quarters for the staff of the Hospital.

33. With respect to the Ko Fong wards originally erected for the purpose of housing small-pox patients, we understand that the Committee has already decided to reconstruct them for the purpose of housing destitutes, for whom there has hitherto been no suitable accommodation in the Hospital. We are of opinion that the Hospital Committee should be encouraged to take charge of destitutes as they have hitherto done, for they are able to make arrangements for returning them to their native homes more speedily and more effectively than could be done by any other organization. If the further structural improvements recommended by us are carried out, and if the Ko Fong wards are reconstructed, we are of opinion that so far as structural arrangements are concerned the Hospital will be in a satisfactory condition.

34. As to the sanitary arrangements of the Hospital, we think the Hospital should be inspected daily and more than once, if necessary, by an officer of the Sanitary Board. 35. We recommend that water-carriage should be introduced generally, as suggested by Mr. MCCALLUM, to take the place of the present system of hand-carriage, that bedpans should be used when necessary, and that commodes should be abolished.

We beg to call special attention to the following paragraph in Mr. MCCALLUM'S report of the 18th January last :---

P. LXII.

"With regard to the conservancy, I am quite satisfied that the only satisfactory Appendix

method in any hospital is the water carriage system. Excretal matters in hospitals are nearly always infective and consequently the speedy and complete removal of them is a matter of the first importance. This can only be effectually carried out by adopting the water carriage system. I mentioned this to the Directors and they expressed themselves as being

Appendia P. LXXX.

[ xii]

in favour of it, but it is probable the initial cost of erecting the necessary apparatus may cause them to alter their opinion, although I do not think it will. Be that as it may, it should be insisted on. The storage for twenty-four hours of infectel excretal matters and their subsequent removal through the streets cannot be done without danger to the community."

36. We also think it would be an improvement if the wards were warmed, as sug- gested by the same witness, by placing a stove in the middle of the ward instead of having, as at present, a small fire-place at the end of each ward.

37. Provision should be made on the upper floors for slop sinks, to the absence of which the Medical Officer of Health (Dr. CLARK) has called attention.

38. In order to prevent overcrowding we recommend that a board be suspended in each ward and room stating the number of persons each ward and room is allowed to contain without infringing the law.

39. As to bedding we think coverlets or quilted bedding should be abandoned for blankets as recommended by Dr. AYRES and Surgeon-Colonel EVATT. The latter witness informed the Commission that coverlets were formerly used in India, but that blankets have now taken their place. It is almost impossible to keep coverlets clean whereas blankets can be washed from time to time. Care should also be taken to have the mats on which patients sleep renewed when necessary. With respect to the clothing of patients definite rules should be laid down that it, as well as the bedding, should be changed once or twice a week. We are also of opinion that it should be made a rule of the Hospital that every patient on admission should, when possible, have a bath before being supplied with a clean suit of hospital clothing.

40. With regard to the removal of patients to the Civil Hospital who are not willing to go of their own accord, we strongly deprecate resort to anything in the shape of com- pulsion. At the same time the following suggestion of Dr. AYRES, if acted upon with tact, may lead to good results:---

"I would also suggest that the Visiting Surgeon should daily report on the surgical cases admitted which he considers stand a fair chance of recovery "or relief, if removed to a European hospital, that if possible they may "be removed for treatment to the Government Civil Hospital or Alice "Memorial Hospital if arrangements could be made with that institution. "As the attendance there is almost wholly Chinese, they might have less

objection to removal."

41. At present there is in existence a list of infectious diseases drawn up by the Sani- tary Board and embodied in Bye-laws approved by the Legislative Council on the 25th November, 1895. Persons suffering from these diseases are taken to the hospital for infectious diseases to prevent the danger of the spread of infection. Dr. ATKINSON and Dr. AYRES have recommended that certain diseases which do not now appear on that list should be included. We consider this is a matter deserving careful consideration and recommend that the list should be revised.

42. Dr. ATKINSON has called our attention to the fact that patients are discharged from the Tung Wa Hospital before being thoroughly cured. In the case of infectious diseases discharge before cure would evidently be a danger to the health of the public. But if the list of infectious diseases is so revised as to include the diseases which Dr. ATKINSON has especially enumerated, there is not much likelihood of the danger referred to occurring. If a person is not suffering from an infectious disease and desires to leave hospital, we do not see under what authority he can be detaine:l.

43. Misunderstandings have arisen occasionally regarding cases which the Tung Wa Committee has refused to admit into hospital. On enquiry the Committee almost

•

[ xiii]

invariably reports that the case was an incurable one, the admission of which is not, very properly we think, allowed by the Hospital regulations. If incurables were granted admission the Tung Wa Hospital would soon be filled with the incurables of the Kwang Tung Province. To prevent misunderstanding we recommend that in future the Tung Wa Committee be requested to send all such cases, if the patients are willing to go, to the Civil Hospital for such action as the Colonial Surgeon may deem advisable. If the patient be unwilling to go, the Committee should notify the Colonial Surgeon.

44. We recommend that the monthly meetings of the Committee of the Hospital with the Registrar General and Colonial Surgeon and the daily inspections of the latter officer be continued.

45. We are of opinion that the Committee of the Hospital elected annually by the subscribers to carry on the work of the Hospital has, as a rule, discharged zealously and efficiently the duties entrusted to it and deserves commendation for the charitable work which it performs and to which it devotes much time and attention, though the members are invariably business men much occupied with their own commercial concerns. At the same time we think that it would be of advantage to the Hospital, would facilitate its relations with the Government and the public, and would secure continuity and uniformity in its arrangements, if there were associated with the annually elected Committee some Chinese residents of long standing who have ✔ had experience of the Hospital and whose advice would be respected by, and whose views would carry weight with, the Chinese community.

46. In conclusion, we think it only right to state that, in our opinion, the Tung Wa Hospital has done excellent work in the past and that, if the improvements we have recommended are adopted, it will be able in the future to continue its good work with still greater efficiency and with increased benefits to the indigent suffering Chinese for whose welfare the Hospital was established.

We have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servants,

HONGKONG, 24th September, 1896.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Chairman.

A. M. THOMSON.

ΗΟ ΚΑΙ.

•

[ xv ]

REPORT BY THE HONOURABLE C. P. CHATER.

With one sole exception I fully concur with the opinions set forth in the report drawn up by Messrs. STEWART LOCKHART, THOMSON and Ho KAI, but this I consider to be of such importance that I feel it incumbent on me to make some remarks upon the subject.

In my opinion, when we consider the question as to whether the Tung Wa Hospitai fulfils the object and purpose of its incorporation, it should be remembered that this institution performs two functions; as a benevolent and charitable organization, and as a hospital for the treatment and cure of the sick, and it should be studied in both aspects.

As a charitable organization, I admit at once that its work has been an admirable one: it has provided an asylum for the destitute, a refuge for the dying, and a burial for the dead, thereby averting the horrors that would have ensued, as we may gather from what has been said by Dr. AYRES and Mr. MCCALLUM, had paupers been permitted to die in the dens where they had lived. It has done much to promote vaccination, and used to house, and still continues to feed, the women and girls under the protection of the Pó Léung Kuk.

Unstinted praise is its due for such works as these, but when we turn to the actual hospital, the healing work, we find a condition of affairs which is far less satisfactory.

ence, pp. 25,

We find doctors who have never been to any medical college, for apparently there See evid- are none in China to go to, whose only test of knowledge is to be able to write a thesis 25. on some subject to be approved of by their colleagues in the Hospital, who permit men to die because they will not or cannot perform a simple operation, and in Dr. ATKINSON'S words-"admit that they have no surgical knowledge, and cannot be responsible for "the surgical enormities which have been and still will be carried on there, if they are "allowed to treat such cases." We find too the horrible custom of herding the most foully diseased with their less afflicted fellow-patients, with the natural results; and in fact almost every law of hygiene slighted.

Such a state of things, I venture to say, should not exist in a British Colony, and in an institution partly supported by the Government of that Colony.

I am well aware that if any attempt were made to introduce Western methods under Government supervision, such a step would mean withdrawal of all subscriptions at present contributed by the Chinese guilds, and it would only be with great reluctance that their representatives would consent to serve on the Committee.

I do not therefore advocate such a course, but I am convinced that there should be among the "doctors" of the Hospital at least one Chinaman who has received a training in Western schools, not merely to serve as a registrar and interpreter, but who would make it his business to quietly and gradually introduce their systems, and thus, very slowly perhaps, but surely, would pave the way for the appreciation and adoption of our methods of healing.

The question is one for the Government to settle, and I have no desire to seem to dictate, but personally I am convinced that this is the only way of making the Tung Wa a practical hospital. I need only point to the example of India, where now, in spite of the added difficulties of religious scruples and race hatreds, natives of every creed and nation come willingly to be treated in the Western fashion.

HONGKONG, 5th October, 1896.

C. P. CHATER.

}

No. -

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE ACTING SUPERINTENDENT OF VICTORIA GAOL FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor.

No. 36.

VICTORIA GAOL, HONGKONG, 28th January, 1896.

SIR,I have the honour to transmit, for His Excellency the Governor's information, the Annual Report on the Gaol Department for 1895.

2. The total number of admissions was 5,014, of which 673 had been previously convicted. 3. The daily average number of prisoners in the Gaol was a fraction over 472 as compared with 455 in 1894, but as the admissions in 1895 exceeded those in the former year by 1,101, the inference is that the number of prisoners with long sentences is still steadily decreasing.

4. There were 5,365 prison offences as compared with 5,120 in 1894.

The profit in industrial labour during the year amounts to $1,936.54.

5. The addition to the Gaol consisting of 155 separate cells was completed in December last, so that it is now possible to confine a large number of prisoners separately during the night.

6. Steps are being taken to improve the prison for the accommodation of females, and also for the erection of suitable quarters for the European officers. Both these improvements have been long required.

7. The staff of the Gaol has been reorganized during the year, chiefly by the engagement of a number of Indian Turnkeys, and a corresponding reduction in the European staff. Mr. CRAIG joined as Warden in February, and a few other officers have since come out from England.

8. I am glad to be able to report that the staff by these changes is now in a very efficient con- dition.

The usual returns accompany this report.

I have the honour to be, Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY.

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Superintendent.

(A.)...

VICTORIA GAOL.

Return of Reports for talking, idling, short oakum picking, &c., in the years 1892, 1893, 1894 and 1895.

1892.

1893.

MONTH.

Daily average number | Daily average number

in Prison, 515.

in Prison, 458.

1891. Daily average number in Prison, 455.

1895. Daily average number

in Prison, 472.

January,..

237

264

122

301

February,

316

150

166

314,

March,

351

330

209

•

223

April,

253

240

130

236

May,

142

198

223

295

June,

129

138

179

311

July,

242

211

447

August,

224

211

187

374

September,

142

204

410

346

October,.

108

441

309

November,.

129

363

273

December,

259

132

205

225

Total,.....

2,386

2,282

2,896

3,654

100

(B.)

Return of Offences reported of Prisoners fighting with or assaulting each other, or Officers,

for the years 1892, 1893, 1894 and 1895.

MONTH.

1892.

1893.

in Prison, 458.

1894.

Daily average number | Daily average number | Daily average number

in Prison, 515.

in Prison, 455.

1895.

Daily average number in Prison, 472.

January,..

Nil.

February,

گی

March,

April,

May,

June,

July,

August,

September,.

October,

November,

December,

10 10

Total,

114

105

(C.)

Return of Offences of Prisoners having Tobacco, for the years 1892, 1893, 1894 and 1895.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

in Prison, 472.

Daily average number Daily average number Daily average number | Daily average number

in Prison, 515.

in Prison, 458.

in Prison, 455.

MONTH.

January,. February, March, April,

•

May,

June,

15.

July,

23.

August,

September,.....

October,.

November,

TRBOIIO0020

December,

Total,......

307

141

117

126

(D.)

Comparative Return of Prisoners confined in Victoria Gaol on 31st December, 1892, 31st December, 1893, 31st December, 1894, and 31st December, 1895.

CONVICTION.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1st,

297

324

366

340

2nd,.

3rd,

4th,

5th,

6th,

7th,

8th,

9th,

12 +2

10 422

10th,

11th,

12th,

13th,

...

Total,....

441

467

488

472

Dr.

1895.

(E.)

Abstract of Industrial Labour, Victoria Gaol, for the year 1895.

OAKUM.

101

Cr.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1895,. $ 221.58 1895.

By Oakum sold during the year,

$ 3,279.41

Cost of Paper Stuff purchased

during the year,...

Profit,...

Oakum used for Gaol,...

2.50

2,653.10

660.13

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1895,

252.90

Total,...$ 3,534.81

COIR.

1895.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1895,. Cost of Material purchased during

294.24

1895.

the year,......

586.59

Profit,...

297.18

Total,............$

1,178.01

NET-MAKING.

1895.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1895,. $

.82

1895.

Cost of Material purchased during

the year,.....

26.82

Profit,...

24.81

Total,...$

52.45

TAILORING.

1895.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1895,. $ 34.90

1895.

Cost of Material purchased during

the year,..

Profit,...........

Total,............$

1,108.12

969.89

103.33

PRINTING.

1895.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1895,. $ 4.16

Cost of Material purchased during

1895.

the year,...

19.84

Profit,......

159.80

Total...........$

183.80

Total,............$

3,584.81

By Matting, &c., sold during the year, $

Articles made for Gaol use,

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1895,

991.89

12.67

173.45

Total,............$

1,178.01

By Nets and Nettings sold and re-

Stock on hand, 31st December,

paired,

1895,

$ 52.45

Total,........

52.45

By Articles sold and repaired,

Work done for Gaol,........

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1895,

160.42 936.76

10.94

Total,.....$

1,108.12

By Printing done for outside,.

Printing done for Gaol,.

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1895,

25.49 157.41

.90

Total,............$

183.80

102

1895.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1895,. Cost of Material purchased during

the year,.......

BOOK-BINDING.

7.71

88.28

Profit,.............

1895.

By Book-binding and repairing done

for outside,...................

168.20

Book-binding and repairing done.

for Gaol,........

41.25

123.38

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1895,

9.92

Total,..........$

219.37

SHOE-MAKING.

1895.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1895,.| $ 11.80

Cost of Material purchased during

1895.

the year,......

122.40

Total,............$

134.20

WASHING.

Total,......

219.37

By Articles sold and repaired during

the year,.

Work done for Gaol,.

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1895,

Total,.......

52.26 81.05

.89

134.20

1895.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1895,. $ 27.21

1895.

Cost of Material purchased during

By Washing done for which cash

was received,

€9

3.00

the year,........

Profit,..

686.79

Washing done for Prison Officers

at 1 cent per piece,

411.06

567.91

Washing Prisoners' Clothing at

1 cent per piece,

$40.33

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1895,

27.52

Total........

1,281.91

GRASS MATTING.

Total,......

1,281.91

1895.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1895,. $ 6.19 1895.

Cost of Material purchased during

دو

By Matting sold during the year,

Matting made for Gaol use,

43.81

17.72

the year,.....

63.72

,, Stock on hand, 31st December,

1895,

8.38

Total,.......

69.91

RATTAN.

Total,............$

69.91

1895.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1895,. $ Cost of Material purchased during

7.80 7.77

1895.

the year,.....

By Articles sold during the year,

Articles made for Gaol use, Stock on hand, 31st December,

12.35

3.22

1895,

Total,.......

15.57

Total,...........$

15.57

}

TIN-SMITHING.

103

1895.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1895,. $

.80

1895.

By Work done for outside,

2.91

Cost of Material purchased during

the year,.....

Work done for Gaol,..

39.03

43.55

Stock on hand, 31st December,

1895, ...

2.41

Total,............$

44.35

CARPENTERING.

Total,...

44.35

1895.

To Stock on hand, 1st January, 1895,. $ 1.83

Cost of Material purchased during

1895.

the year,...

144.75

Work done for Gaol,....... Stock on hand, 31st December,

1895,

By Articles sold and repaired during $

the year,...

27.33

110.75

8.50

Total,............$

146.58

RECAPITULATION.

Total,............$

146.58

1895.

Oakum,.

660.13 1895.

By Surplus,

$ 1,936.54

Coir,

297.18

Net-making,

24.81

Tailoring,

103.33

Printing,

159.80

Book-binding,

123.38

Shoe-making,

Washing,

Grass Matting, Rattan Work,

Tin-smithing, Carpentering,

567.91

Total,.......

1,936.54

Total,...........$ 1,936.54

HONGKONG.

REPORT

OF THE

COMMITTEE

APPOINTED BY

HIS EXCELLENCY SIR WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Hongkong and its Dependencies, and Vice-Admiral of the same,

TO REPORT ON THE CONDITION

OF THE

GOVERNMENT OFFICES

AND THE

DESIRABILITY OF LOCATING THE VARIOUS GOVERNMENT

DEPARTMENTS UNDER ONE ROOF.

23RD NOVEMBER, 1896.

DRO

HONGKONG:

PRINTED BY NORONILA & Co., GOVERNMENT PRINTERS.

1896.

615

617

MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE.

Committee appointed by His Excellency Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G., Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Hongkong and its dependencies and Vice-Admiral of the same, to report on the condition of the Government Offices and the desirability of locating the various Government departments under one roof.

The Committee as originally appointed on the 8th September, 1894, was as follows:-

Honourable N. G. MITCHELL-INNES, Colonial Treasurer, Chairman.

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Honourable A. MCCONACHIE.

T. JACKSON, Esq.

W. CHATHAM, Esq., Acting Director of Public Works.

J. G. T. BUCKLE, Esq., Secretary.

On the 10th October the Honourable F. A. COOPER, Director of Public Works, was appointed in place of W. CHATHAM, Esq.

On the 17th August, 1895, the Honourable A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer, was appointed in place of the Honourable N. G. MITCHELL-INNES, and the Honourable F. A. COOPER was appointed Chairman.

On the 27th February, 1896, Mr. F. J. BADELEY, succeeded Mr. BUCKLE as Secretary.

To His Excellency

REPORT.

Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

Governor.

619

YOUR EXCELLENCY,

We, the Members of the Committee appointed by Your Excellency for the purpose of reporting on the condition of the present Government Offices and the advisability of locating the various Government departments under one roof, have the honour to report as follows.

PROCEEDINGS.

2. The Committee has held seven meetings, at which the general condition of the present Government Offices, their arrangement, and the accommodation both as regards extent and the facility it affords for the transaction of public business, were considered.

3. At an early stage of the proceedings the Committee formed the opinion. that a change in the present arrangement of the Government Offices is desirable, but that it is not expedient that it should extend to the present Government Offices at St. John's Place, the Central Police Station, the Magistracy, the Gaol, Queen's College, the Botanical and Afforestation Department, or the Fire Brigade Station.

4. The heads of the various Government departments concerned have been addressed with a view to ascertaining the nature and extent of the accommodation in respect of the following departments, viz., the Supreme Court and Law Offices, the Treasury, the Registrar General's Department, the Public Works Department, the Land Office, the Local Auditor's Department, the Sanitary Department, and the Inspector of Schools.

5. Projects have been considered with a view respectively to meeting the requirements of these departments in the existing buildings and for the erection of entirely new offices on the Praya Reclamation in the vicinity of the City Hall.

6. The question of the desirability of inviting competitive designs for new offices was also considered at Your Excellency's request (see appendix A), and on the motion of Mr. CHATER, seconded by Mr. MCCONACHIE, it was decided by a majority of three (the Chairman and Mr. THOMSON not voting) that "the Com- mittee is in favour of inviting public competition and awarding a premium for the most suitable design and plans sent in."

The Chairman moved as an amendment that the plans and designs be pre- pared by the Public Works Department and submitted to a consulting architect in England for report and revision if desirable, but the amendment was not seconded.

Particulars and conditions of competition, which will be found in appendix B, were submitted by the Director of Public Works, adopted with some amend- ments, and forwarded for Your Excellency's consideration on the 15th May last.

620

(6)

CONDITION OF THE PRESENT GOVERNMENT OFFICES.

7. The Committee has obtained from the Director of Public Works the follow- ing information respecting the present Government Offices and the suitability of their accommodation for the departments located in them.

8. Government Offices, St. John's Place.-The present building was erected in 1848 at an approximate cost of £14,393 and is situated about 100 feet above sea level, approached by Battery Pathway leading off Queen's Road at Ice House St.

The building consists of two floors, each containing thirteen rooms, and has a massive verandah on the western side.

The ground floor is occupied by the Public Works Department and the upper floor by the Council Chamber, Colonial Secretary's Department, and the Local Auditor.

The building is in a substantial state of repair and it is not anticipated that any exceptionally heavy expenditure will be necessary in the near future in order to maintain it in such a condition.

The accommodation provided for the Council Chamber, Colonial Secretary and Local Auditor appears adequate, but that provided on the ground floor for the Public Works Department is inadequate and badly arranged for the requirements of that department. The rooms are too small and insufficiently lighted.

9. The Supreme Court buildings consist of a two-storied building, the upper floor being devoted to the Courts, Registry and subsidiary offices, and the ground floor to the Land Office and Registrar General's Department.

The site on which they stand was obtained in 1847 from Messrs. DENT & CO. for the sum of £5,000, being then occupied by what were known as the "Exchange Buildings."

In 1848 certain alterations were made to the Exchange Buildings at a cost of £1,000 to render them fit for the purposes of a Court House.

In 1864 accommodation for the Registrar General's Department was provided in the north-east corner of the ground floor, but being found insufficient for the requirements of the department additions were carried out at a cost of $4,300.

In 1883 the Land Office, which had previously been attached to the Public Works Department, was transferred to this building.

From the foregoing account it will be seen that the buildings originally pur- chased in 1847 for the purpose of a Court House have undergone several extensive alterations and additions. The offices are now badly arranged, crowded on the site and ill ventilated, while those on the ground floor are also badly lighted.

Their general condition is such that a heavy expenditure on repairs will be necessary in the course of a few years if their occupation is to be continued.

The present accommodation is quite inadequate to meet the requirements of the Court and Registry, particularly the latter. By

the latter. By a recent arrangement the portion of the building previously occupied by the Attorney General and the Crown Solicitor has been placed at the disposal of the Postal Department, and offices have been rented elsewhere for those officers.

Post Office and Treasury.-The buildings, which had been erected in 1846, for a house for the Registrar General, on the site of the present Post Office and Treasury, and subsequently altered for the purpose of serving as a Post Office, were in 1864 found to be quite inadequate to meet the requirements of the Postal Department, it was therefore decided to pull them down and erect a new Post Office.

621

(7)

The present main buildings, which were completed in 1867 with certain additions and alterations carried out in 1884 and 1885, consist of a ground floor and basement occupied by the Post Office and an upper floor occupied by the Treasury Department.

The Post Office is badly lighted and ill ventilated and the Treasury Offices are inconveniently arranged.

The present buildings are about thirty years old and though the walls are still sound the renewal of the iternal fittings and woodwork throughout will shortly necessitate a considerable expenditure if the occupation of the building is continued.

The accommodation in the Post Office, in spite of the recent arrangement by which the offices of Attorney General and Crown Solicitor have been placed at the disposal of the department, is so cramped that there is not sufficient room to sort two heavy mails at the same time, while the space devoted to the business of the Parcels Post is insufficient to secure the safe custody of parcels. In fact, the requirements of the Colony have entirely out-grown the accommodation at present available.

For the Treasury a Strong Room and a Stamp Room are required, also a large room, easily accessible to the public, for accountants and cashiers, and better accommodation for the clerks are greatly needed.

11. Harbour Office.-The present building consisting of two stories, erected in 1874, is in a fair state of repair, but the accommodation afforded is not equal to the present requirements.

On the completion of the New Reclamation Works now in progress the site will no longer have a sea frontage and the buildings do not admit of further ex- tension within the limits of the present site.

Having carefully considered the structural condition and the accommodation provided by the present Government Offices, and in view of the great difficulty of finding suitable accommodation for the several departments during the execution. of such extensive repairs as most of these offices will shortly require, we consider it very desirable that the construction of new offices should be proceeded with at the earliest possible date.

THE DESIRABILITY OF LOCATING THE VARIOUS GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS

UNDER ONE ROOF.

12. It is desirable for many reasons that the several Government Offices should be situated close together, if possible under one roof, as much loss of time and inconvenience to the public would be thereby obviated, and business greatly facilitated.

Were it not for the fact that the present offices at St. John's Place are in a good structural condition, are suitably and conveniently situated for the meeting of Council, and the accommodation afforded for the Colonial Secretary's Depart- ment appears adequate, we should recommend that in any project for the erection of new buildings accoinmodation should be provided for that department.

13. The following statement shews the approximate accommodation at pre- sent provided, and what appears to be required for the Court House, Treasury, Registrar General, Post Office, and Public Works:-

Court House, Registrar General,

Treasury,

Post Office,

Public Works,

Present.

Required.

Sq.ft.

12,300

21,000

2,460

5,000

3,100

6,000

5,000

11,000

7,000

14,000

622

(8)

14. The Public Works Stores are so intimately connected with the Public Works Offices that we have considered the condition of and accommodation afforded by the present buildings and yards.

At present the stores are located in three separate buildings, viz., Crosby Store, No. 3A, Blue Buildings, and Wanchai Store.

Crosby Store was originally purchased by the Military in 1857 and sold by them to the Colonial Government for $35,000. The portion facing Queen's Road was, until recently, occupied by the Education Department, but owing to its dilapid- ated condition had to be vacated in 1894 and offices are now rented elsewhere for this department.

The remaining portions of the building are still used as Public Works Stores, but their dilapidated condition admits of their being used only to a very limited

extent.

The Store at Blue Buildings consists of the upper floor of House No. 3A. Praya East and is rented from the Land Investment Company.

The Store at Wanchai is very limited in area and its construction is only of a temporary nature. It occupies a reclamation in front of Marine Lots 117 and

118 Praya East.

We are of opinion that the present stores should be vacated and the whole of the stores located as far as practicable on the same premises. The area required is about 40,000 sq.

ft.

15. In view of the foregoing facts we recommend :—

(a) That the present Government Offices at St. John's Place be retained, the upper floor being devoted as at present for the purposes of the Council Chamber, the Colonial Secretary's Department and the Local Auditor, and the ground floor placed at the disposal of the Sanitary Board and the Education Department.

(b) That new buildings be erected on the Government Reclamation in front of the City Hall for the various departments enumerated in the proposed particulars and conditions of competition. pendix B.)

(Ap-

(e) That the Harbour Department be accommodated in a suitable build- ing to be erected on the new Reclamation in front of the present Harbour Office.

(d) That suitable premises be obtained for the purposes of a Public

Works Store.

FINANCIAL.

16. The estimated cost of providing suitable accommodation for the Court House, Registrar General, Treasury, Post Office, and Public Works Department on the Reclamation in front of the City Hall is

The estimated cost of providing a suitable building for the Harbour Department on the Reclamation in front of the present Harbour Office is

$700,000

110,000

The estimated cost of obtaining suitable premises for a Public

Works Store is

90,000

Total,......

.$900,000

17. If the foregoing recommendations are carried out, the site occupied by the Court House and Crosby Store will be available for sale and should realize, say, $250,000.

(9)

623

In respect of Offices rented for the use of various departments, which would in that case be no longer required, the following rents are paid per annum:-

Attorney General and Crown Solicitor,..

Education Department,"

Sanitary Board,

$1,800

540 1,080

Post Office Clerk,

Public Works Store,

360

840

Total,......

$4,620

•

Capitalizing this sum at 5 per cent. and adding the amount to the $250,000 the estimated nett expenditure is

.$900,000

Less,

Total,.

342,400

$557,600

or, say, $560,000.

18. In view of the Colonial Secretary's letter No. 1127 of the 16th July, 1896, enclosing an extract from a despatch from the Secretary of State, (Appendix C.), we have further considered the question of the financial ability of the Colony to meet the proposed expenditure. Owing to the various demands continually made on the ordinary revenue to meet expenditure on Extraordinary Public Works rendered necessary by the increasing trade and population of the Colony, we are of opinion that a special fund should be formed to meet the expenditure on the New Government Offices, and offer the following observations with regard to the formation of such a fund.

It is to be observed that consequent on the progress of the Reclamation Works very valuable building sites, other than those previously referred to, accrue to the Government, and the proceeds derived from the sale of such sites may fairly be considered extraordinary revenue as distinct from ordinary revenue, and be devoted to meet expenditure of an extraordinary nature. We are informed by the Colonial Treasurer that, generally speaking, the financial position of the Colony may be considered satisfactory and that it may reasonably be anticipated that the ordinary revenue will be sufficient to meet ordinary expenditure from year to year.

We would therefore suggest that the premia derived from the sale of land on the Reclamation should be devoted to the purpose of forming a special fund to meet the expenditure on new Government Offices, leaving the annual Crown Rent and assessed taxes to be carried to the ordinary revenue.

The sites on the Reclamation to which we refer are Marine Lot 278, the site north of Marine Lot 276, the site opposite Marine Lot 63, and that opposite the Sailors' Home, and it is estimated that they will realise at public auction during the next few years from $570,000 to $600,000.

We have the honour to be,

Your Excellency's

Most obedient Servants,

I agree with the report with the exception of the last two paragraphs. I see no necessity for a special fund.

Hongkong, 23rd November, 1896.

F. A. COOPER, Chairman.

A. M. THOMSON.

C. P. CHATER.

A. MCCONACHIE.

T. JACKSON.

624

( 10 )

Appendix A.

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S Office,

No. 1914.

SIR,

HONGKONG, 20th September, 1895.

I am directed by the Governor to enquire when the report of the Committee appointed by His Excellency the Governor in September of last year to consider the question of new Government Offices may be expected.

2. His Excellency's attention has been directed to certain references to the proceedings of the Committee which have appeared at intervals in the Local Press, but is not aware how far the views therein attributed to the Committee are correctly stated.

3. As the matter is a pressing one and an early decison in regard to the pre- liminaries is desirable, I am to request that the Committee will be good enough to report at its early convenience, and, in view of the recent statements in the Press, with special reference to the following points :-

(1) Whether the Committee is in favour of the plans, &c. being prepared by the Director of Public Works, and, if so, whether it will be sufficient for such plans to be approved in the first instance by the Committee and subsequently by the Public Works Committee of the Legislative Council, or whether they should be submitted to a competent authority at home, or

(2) Whether the Committee is in favour of inviting public competition, and awarding a premium for the most suitable plans and designs for the proposed new buildings.

4. Should the Committee be in favour of the latter course it will be necessary to consider-

(a) The amount of the premium to be offered.

(b) The terms of competition.

(c) The appointment of an Umpire at home, or of a local Committee to adjudge upon the competitive designs, and I am to request that

the Committee will bear these points in mind in drawing up their

report.

5. I am further to invite the attention of the Committee to the financial side of the question. It will not be possible at present to defray any large expenditure on the proposed new buildings from current revenue, and if the work is not to be delayed it will apparently be necessary to raise funds from some independent

source.

His Excellency the Governor would therefore be obliged if the Committee would further consider and report on the desirability and practicability of disposing of the sites, buildings, &c. of the present Government Offices in Queen's Road at as early a date as possible, the Government to remain in occupation as tenants until the completion of the new buildings.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

The Secretary,

GOVERNMENT OFFICES COMMITTEE.

(11)

625

SIR,

HONGKONG, 28th September, 1895.

I am directed to acknowledge the receipt of your letter No. 1914 of the 20th instant, and to inform you, for the information of His Excellency the Governor, that it was the subject of discussion at a meeting of the Public Office Committee held on the 24th instant.

2. The Committee were unanimous in the opinion that it could not accept any responsibility whatever in connection with the references to its proceedings that have appeared in the public press, and that they would not for a moment think of adopting the local press as a medium of communicating its proceedings to His Excellency the Governor.

I am further to add that the Committee expressed itself very strongly on the necessity of members abstaining from disclosing any of its proceedings in future.

3. In reply to the questions asked in paragraphs 3 and 4 I enclose an extract from the proceedings.

4. As regards the financial side of the question, the Committee are of opinion that it is premature to advise on any definite course pending the receipt of plans and estimates and further information as to the probable annual expenditure to be met and the balances available for such a purpose from current revenue.

5. The Committee were, however, unanimously of opinion that it was undesir- able to dispose of the existing Government buildings and sites at present, and that such a course should be avoided pending the completion of the new buildings, if possible.

6. It will be observed from the enclosed extract of the proceedings that the majority of the Committee are in favour of a competition and that the rules and regulations affecting such competition should be prepared by the Director of Public Works for the consideration of the Committee.

7. On receipt of such draft rules and regulations the Committee hope to be able to report on its proceedings as a whole at an early date.

I have the honour to be,"

Honourable COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&c.,

&C.,

&c.

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

J. G. T. BUCKLE,

Secretary.

Note. Mr. MCCONACHIE Suggested that the words "in future" in the second half of the second paragraph of the Secretary's letter of the 28th September should be omitted, as they might imply that the Com- mittee had disclosed its proceedings in the past. The majority of the Committee approved the draft with the words included.

626

1895.

( 12 )

(Enclosure.)

Extract from the proceedings of a meeting of the Public Office Committee held on the 24th September, 1895.

Read a letter from the Colonial Secretary No. 1,914 of the 20th September,

Considered seriatim the several points referred to in the above letter.

Mr. CHATER moved the following resolution :-"That this Committee is in favour of inviting public competition, and awarding a premium for the most suitable plans and designs for the proposed New Government Buildings."

Mr. MCCONACHIE seconded.

The Chairman moved as an amendment:-" That this Committee is in favour of the plans, etc., being prepared by the Director of Public Works and of such plans being submitted to a competent authority at home for approval and amendment, if necessary."

The above amendment not being seconded,

Mr. CHATER'S motion was put and agreed to by a majority of three, the Chairman and the Acting Treasurer not voting.

Mr. CHATER moved that premia be offered as follows:- -

$2,000 for the best design sent in.

$1,000 for the second best design.

$500 for the third best design.

And that in the event of the best competitive design being accepted and the work being carried out by the successful competitor, the premium be merged in the commission money.

Mr. JACKSON seconded.

Question put and agreed to. The Chairman and the Acting Treasurer did

not vote.

Mr. CHATER moved that the Government be asked to request the Director of Public Works to draft the terms of competition.

Mr. JACKSON seconded.

Question put and agreed to. The Chairman and the Acting Treasurer not voting.

The question of adjudication upon the competitive designs was then discussed, and the Committee were of opinion that the merits of the several designs submitted should be decided by His Excellency the Governor in consultation with the Members of the Committee and of the Public Works Committee of the Legislative Council, it being assumed that in the first instance the Director of Public Works will report upon the several plans, for the information of His Excellency and the Committee.

( 13 )

Appendix B.

627

No. 490.

SIR,

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 27th March, 1896.

I am directed to forward the enclosed notice prepared by the Director of Public Works, inviting competitive designs for the proposed New Government Offices, and to request that the Committee will be so good as to consider the conditions of competition and report whether they approve of them, and also to state in what manner they deem it desirable to provide for the estimated cost of the construction of the New Offices.

With regard to the question of premia, His Excellency the Governor approves of the three premia suggested by Mr. CHATER at the meeting of the Committee on the 24th September, viz.:-

$2,000 for the best design.

$1,000 for the second best design.

$500 for the third best design.

His Excellency will be glad to know whether the Committee recommend that the competition should be confined to this Colony or made open to any person who may wish to compete.

The Chairman,

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

GOVERNMENT OFFICES COMMITTEE,

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary.

&c.,

&c.

HONGKONG, 15th April, 1896.

SIR,

In reply to your letter No. 940 of the 27th ultimo I am directed to inform you that the particulars and conditions subject to which it is proposed to invite competitive designs for the New Government Offices were duly considered at a meeting of the New Government Offices Committee held on the 10th instant. All Members present except the Honourable the Colonial Treasurer.

The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend the adoption of the parti- culars and conditions as amended in copy enclosed, amendments shown in red.

The Committee further considered if any exceptional steps should be taken to meet the cost of the proposed project, and in view of the letter addressed to the Chairman by the Colonial Treasurer, copy attached, the Members were unani- mously of opinion that no exceptional steps appear necessary at present.

In reply to the concluding paragraph of your letter under acknowledgment the Committee are of opinion that the date fixed for closing the competition will admit of residents in Singapore and Shanghai submitting designs, and the Members do not consider it desirable to extend the competition beyond these limits.

I am to add that the Committee recommend that the notice inviting designs should be inserted in the Singapore and Shanghai papers.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY.

F. J. BADELEY,

Secretary.

628

( 14 )

(Enclosure.)

NEW GOVERNMENT OFFICES. PARTICULARS AND CONDITIONS

OF COMPETITION FOR DESIGNS.

Recommended by the Committee appointed to consider the question of providing New Government Offices.

NEW GOVERNMENT OFFICES, HONGKONG.

PARTICULARS AND CONDITIONS OF COMPETITION.

His Excellency Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G., the Governor of Hongkong, invites designs accompanied by reports and estimates of the cost of erecting New Government Offices in the City of Victoria, Hongkong.

GENERAL CONDITIONS.

PREMIA.

A premium of $2,000 is offered for the design considered first in order of merit, a further premium of $1,000 for the second in order of merit and a further premium of $500 for the third in order of merit.

Should the Author of the first premiated design be engaged to carry out the work the premium will merge in the commission or such other mode of payment as may be mutually agreed.

OWNERSHIP OF PLANS, &C.

All plans, reports and estimates will become the property of the Colonial Government, and the said Government shall be at liberty to dispose of them in such manner and give publicity to them as it may deem desirable.

DESIGNS.

(a) The designs must be illustrated by plan of the foundations, each floor, and the roof.

(b) One cross section and one longitudinal section of the buildings on each site showing the levels of foundations, floors, roofs and such other details as may be conveniently shown thereon.

The above to be drawn to a uniform scale of 20 feet to one inch.

(d) Competitors may, if they desire it, submit two sheets (double elephant size) of drawings showing details to an enlarged scale not exceeding two feet to one inch.

No drawings in addition to the above are permitted.

REPORT.

Each design must be accompanied by a concise report detailing the suggested construction of the foundations, the accommodation proposed and the materials to be used in the construction of the buildings.

( 15 )

ESTIMATES.

629

Separate estimates for each of the proposed blocks must be given in the following form:

Estimate cost of foundations including drains and water pipes....$

superstructure including all permanent fittings...$

The total cost, exclusive of architect's commission, not to exceed seven hundred thousand dollars ($700,000).

DESIGNS, &C. TO BE SENT TO COLONIAL SECRETARY.

All designs, drawings, reports and estimates to be sent under cover endorsed "New Government Offices Competition" to the Colonial Secretary on or before the

1896.

ADJUDICATION OF ORDER OF MERIT.

The order of merit of the designs received will be decided by a Committee approved by His Excellency the Governor with or without professional assistance as His Excellency may deem desirable.

ADOPTION OF design.

The Government does not bind itself to erect the buildings from any of the designs sent in, but in the event of deciding to commence the erection of the buildings within five years from date in accordance with the first premiated design, will employ the Author of such design to carry out the work under the general control of His Excellency the Governor, and subject to the following stipulations, viz., that the Author of the accepted design, subject to the payment of a commission of five per cent. upon the gross expenditure on the buildings including all permanent fittings but exclusive of shipping, freight and agent's charges on material obtained, from Great Britain and also exclusive of all monies paid in respect of supervision, undertakes to supply all drawings, tracings, quantities, contracts, supervise the work during construction and perform all such other work in connection with the construction of the buildings as in the opinion of the Government reasonably comes within the province of an architect to perform, and further upon the completion of the buildings to furnish the Government with a complete set of drawings showing the buildings and all premanent fittings as constructed.

INFORMATION ON APPLICATION.

Plans of the site and approximate section will be furnished to intending competitors on application to the Colonial Secretary subject to a deposit of $50 which will be returned after the publication of the Committee's award provided the depositor has submitted a bonâ fide design.

SIGNATURES TO PLANS, &C.

All designs, drawings, reports and estimates are to be signed by the parties submitting them.

PARTICULARS.

SITES.

The sites available for the erection of the New Government Offices are situated on the Praya Reclamation in front of the City Hall and are shewn on the accom- panying plan* and sections.

Site No. 1 is bounded on the north by Connaught Road, 75 feet in width, on the South by a road 75 feet in width, on the East by a road 50 feet in width, and on the West by Wardley Street 75 feet in width.

* Not printed.

630

(16)

Site No. 2 is immediately South of Site No. 1 being separated therefrom by a road 75 feet in width. It is bounded on the South by Des Voeux Road 63 feet 10 inches in width, on the East by a road 50 fect in.width, and on the West by a road 75 feet in width.

ARRANGEMENT OF OFFICES.

On Site No. 1 are to be located the Law Courts with necessary annexes : Judges' Chambers, Library, Attorney General's Offices, Registrar's Offices, Crown Solicitor's Offices and Land Office.

On Site No. 2 are to be located the Treasury Offices, Public Works Department Offices, Registrar General's Offices and the Post Office.

TABULAR STATEMENT OF REQUIREMENTS.

The following tabular statement of the approximate requirements of the several departments is given as a guide to intending competitors :-

NEW PUBLIC OFFICES ON PRAYA. ACCOMMODATION REQUIRED. Block No. 1.-Supreme Court, &c.

Large Court,

.2,700 Square feet.

Small Court,

.1,400

Chief Justice,.

800

Puisne Judge,

440

127

Clerks to Chief Justice and Puisne Judge,

...

400

Library,..

..1,900

Registrar,

950

Registrar's Clerk,

700

Deputy Registrar,

.1,600

Bailiff and Interpreters,

.1,600

Land Office (in one or two rooms),.

..1,500

Attorney General,

800

Attorney General's Clerk,

400

Crown Solicitor (in two or three rooms), ....2,000

In connection with the above offices accommodation will be required for Jury

Room, Robing Room, Records and Lavatories.

NEW PUBLIC OFFICES ON PRAYA. ACCOMMODATION REQUIRED. Block No. 2.-Registrar General, Treasury, Post Office and Public Works Department, &c.

Registrar General,...

Assistant Registrar General,

Chinese Clerks,

European Clerks,.

Waiting Room,

Strong Room,

Treasury Hall,

Treasurer,

Assessor,

Assessor's Clerks,

Tiffin Room,

Strong Room,

Stamp Room,

950 Square feet.

400

700

500

250

2,000

600

}}

500

};

750

400

450

Arrangements should be made for Chinese

making payments, delivery of receipts. and stamped documents through windows without necessitating the public entering the Treasury Hall.

631

( 17 )

Post Office, Sorting Room to include Registration, Money Order, parcels delivery, letter and news- paper delivery, sorting of mails in and mails out, Shanghai mails, and newspapers Assistant Postmaster and Enquiry

Postmaster ...

Store,

... a

.8,000 Square feet.

600

300

150

Tiffin Room,

Accommodation to be provided for a clerk to live on

the premises and for 30 coolies and I watchman

in connection with Block No. 2.

Public Works Department:

Plan Room,.....

400 Square feet.

Engineers 5 @

...each 550

Drawing Office,

1,800

Surveyor,

1,000

Accountant and Clerks,

2,400

Director of Public Works,

..1,000

Land Bailiff,

450

Overseers,

700

Telegraph Store,.

250

General Store,

800

Suitable latrine and lavatory accommodation to

be provided for each Department."

F. J. BADELEY,

Secretary,

Government Offices Committee,

SIR.

TREASURY, 10th April, 1896.

I have the honour to inform you that I am unavoidably prevented from attending the meeting of the Government Offices Committee this afternoon.

As far as I can judge the proposed conditions for competition will do.

As regards the financial aspect I anticipate a considerable surplus of revenue over ordinary expenditure this year and see no reason why it should not be repeated next year.

I do not think, therefore, that there is any necessity for making special arrangements about the financing.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

A. M. THOMSON,

Acting Colonial Treasurer.

The Honourable F. A. COOPER,

Chairman, Public Office Committee.

632

No. 1127.

SIR,

(18)

Appendix C.

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 16th July, 1896.

I am directed to forward for the information of the Government Offices Com- mittee the enclosed extract from a despatch from the Secretary of State, and to state that His Excellency the Governor will be glad to receive a report from the Committee at as early a date as may be practicable.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary.

The Secretary,

GOVERNMENT OFFICES COMMITTEE,

&c.,

&c.

Extract from Colonial Office despatch No. 126 of 5th June, 1896.

With reference to your despatch No. 111 of the 28th April last and to my telegram of the 3rd instant, I have the honour to inform you that before sanctioning the proposed erection of New Government Buildings at Hongkong, I desire to receive further information as to the necessity for the Buildings, and to be more fully satisfied, than I now am, as to the financial ability of the Colony to meet the expenditure out of current revenue.

I request you therefore to forward to me the Report of the Committee, which considered the question of the Government Offices, together with any further explanations you may wish to give.

As regards the financial position of the Colony, I should be glad to know the precise grounds upon which the Acting Colonial Treasurer confidently anticipates that the ordinary expenditure of the current year will be largely exceeded by the Revenue, in view of the fact that the Estimates sent home in December last only show a surplus of $6,500. It appears, moreover, from the Returns forwarded in your despatch No. 92 of the 14th April last, that the Revenue last year fell con- siderably short of the Expenditure (excluding Expenditure charged to the Loan), and that at the end of the year there was an actual excess of Liabilities over Assets, which was only met by temporarily appropriating for general purposes the balance of the 1893 Loan. I gather, however, that this state of affairs was largely due to the special expenditure on the Taipingshan Resumption Scheme, which will, in part at least, be ultimately recouped.

487

No.

No. 111.

Enclosure.

HONGKONG.

PAPERS ON THE QUESTION OF PROVIDING NEW GOVERNMENT OFFICES.

SIR,

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

(Despatch from the Governor to the Secretary of State.)

GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG, 28th April, 1896.

With reference to paragraph 13 of my despatch No. 201 of the 4th September, 1894, I have the honour to inform you that in that month I appointed a Committee, consisting of two Officials (the Director of Public Works and Treasurer), and three Unofficial Members (Mr. CHATER, Mr. JACKSON and Mr. MCCONACHIE), to consider and report on the question of providing new Government Offices and the advis- ability of concentrating them under one roof. The Committee has advised that two blocks of buildings should be erected on the Praya Reclamation comprising new offices for the Treasury, Public Works, Post Office and Registrar General's departments, and the Supreme Court and the offices connected with it, but that the Colonial Secretary's Office should be allowed to remain as at present.

2. A majority of the Committee being in favour of inviting competitive designs for the proposed new offices, I directed the Director of Public Works to draw up particulars and conditions of competition of which, as amended and finally approved by the Committee, I enclose copies for your consideration.

3. The Committee also considered at my request the financial aspect of the proposal, and expressed its opinion that, in view of the Acting Colonial Treasurer's confident anticipation that the ordinary expenditure of the current year will be largely exceeded by the Revenue, and that the surplus of revenue over expenditure is likely to be continued in future years, there is no necessity, at least for the present, to make any special arrangements for providing the funds required to meet the estimated cost of the works, viz., $700,000. The value of the present buildings, which it is proposed to replace, with the land on which they stand, is estimated at $250,000; the total nett cost to the Government of the new buildings would therefore be about $450,000, and as the expenditure of this sum would be spread over five years, the time within which it is calculated that the work could be com- pleted, I see no reason to doubt that the ordinary revenue of the Colony would be able to bear the burden.

4. If the scheme meets with your approval which, as the work is of pressing necessity, I earnestly hope will not be withheld, I propose to publish the conditions of competition in Shanghai and Singapore as well as locally, in order that the architects resident in those places may compete if they desire to do so.

5. I shall be glad if you will convey to me your decision in this matter at an early date, and if convenient by telegraph.

I have the honour to be,

Sir, Your most obedient,

humble Servant,

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Right Honourable

Mr. JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, M.P.,

&c.,

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies,

&c.,

&c., Downing Street, London.

488

(2)

(Enclosure.)

NEW GOVERNMENT OFFICES. PARTICULARS AND CONDITIONS OF COMPETITION FOR DESIGNS.

Recommended by the Committee appointed to consider the question of providing New Government Offices.

NEW GOVERNMENT OFFICES, HONGKONG.

PARTICULARS AND CONDITIONS OF COMPETITION.

GENERAL CONDITIONS.

PREMIA.

Should the Author of the first premiated design be engaged to carry out the work the premium will merge in the commission or such other mode of payment as may be mutually agreed.

OWNERSHIP OF PLANS, &C.

DESIGNS.

(a) The designs must be illustrated by plan of the foundations, each floor, and the roof.

(b) One cross section and one longitudinal section of the buildings on each site showing the levels of foundations, floors, roofs and such other details as may be conveniently shown thereon.

The above to be drawn to a uniform scale of 20 feet to one inch.

(d) Competitors may, if they desire it, submit two sheets (double elephant size) of drawings showing details to an enlarged scale not exceeding two feet to one inch.

No drawings in addition to the above are permitted.

REPORT.

ESTIMATES.

Separate estimates for each of the proposed blocks must be given in the following form:-

Estimate cost of foundations including drains and water pipes......$

superstructure including all permanent fittings...$

489

(3)

The total cost, exclusive of architect's commission, not to exceed seven hundred thousand dollars ($700,000).

DESIGNS, &C. TO BE SENT TO COLONIAL SECRETARY.

All designs, drawings, reports and estimates to be sent under cover endorsed "New Government Offices Competition" to the Colonial Secretary on or before

the

1896.

ADJUDICATION OF ORDER OF MERIT.

The order of merit of the designs received will be decided by a Committee approved by His Excellency the Governor with or without professional assistance as His Excellency may deein desirable.

ADOPTION OF DESIGN.

The Government does not bind itself to erect the buildings from any of the designs sent in, but in the event of deciding to commence the erection of the buildings within five years from date in accordance with the first premiated design, will employ the Author of such design to carry out the work under the general control of His Excellency the Governor, and subject to the following stipulations, viz., that the Author of the accepted design, subject to the payment of a commission of five per cent, upon the gross expenditure on the buildings including all permanent fittings but exclusive of shipping, freight and agent's charges on material obtained, from Great Britain and also exclusive of all monies paid in respect of supervision, undertakes to supply all drawings, tracings, quantities, contracts, supervise the work during construction and perform all such other work in connection with the construction of the buildings as in the opinion of the Government reasonably comes within the province of an architect to perform, and further upon the completion of the buildings to furnish the Government with a complete set of drawings showing the buildings and all permanent fittings as constructed.

INFORMATION ON APPLICATION.

SIGNATURES TO PLANS, &C.

All designs, drawings, reports and estimates are to be signed by the parties submitting them.

}

PARTICULARS.

SITES.

The sites available for the erection of the New Government Offices are situated on the Praya Reclamation in front of the City Hall and are shewn on the accom- panying plan* and sections.

Site No. 2 is immediately South of Site No. 1 being separated therefrom by a road 75 feet in width. It is bounded on the South by Des Voeux Road 63 feet 10 inches in width, on the east by a road 50 feet in width, and on the West by a road 75 feet in width.

* Not printed.

490

(4)

ARRANGEMENT OF OFFICES.

On Site No. 1 are to be located the Law Courts with necessary annexes : Judges' Chambers, Library, Attorney General's Offices, Registrar's Offices, Crown Solicitor's Offices and Land Office.

On Site No. 2 are to be located the Treasury Offices, Public Works Depart- ment Offices, Registrar General's Offices and the Post Office.

TABULAR STATEMENT OF REQUIREMENTS.

The following tabular statement of the approximate requirements of the seve- ral departments is given as a guide to intending competitors:-

NEW PUBLIC OFFICES ON PRAYA. ACCOMMODATION REQUIRED.

Block No. 1.-Supreme Court, &c.

Large Court..

Small Court

Chief Justice

..2,700 Square feet.

.1,400

800

};

Puisne Judge.............

Clerks to Chief Justice and Puisne Judge

440

...

400

Library

.1,900

Registrar

950

Registrar's Clerk

700

Deputy Registrar

....

...

1,600

Bailiff and Interpreters

..1,600

Land Office (in one or two rooms)

.......1,500

Attorney General

800

Attorney General's Clerk

400

Crown Solicitor (in two or three rooms)......2,000

In connection with the above offices accommodation will be required for Jury Room, Robing Room, Records and Lavatories.

NEW PUBLIC OFFICES ON PRAYA. ACCOMMODATION REQUIRED.

Block No. 2.-Registrar General, Treasury, Post Office and Public Works Department, &c.

Registrar General

Assistant Registrar General

Chinese Clerks

European Clerks

Waiting Room Strong Room

Treasury Hall

Treasurer

Assessor

Assessor's Clerks

Tiffin Room

Strong Room

950 Square feet.

400

700

500

250

2,000

600

500

750

400

450

Stamp Room

Arrangements should be made for Chinese

making payments, delivery of receipts and stamped documents through windows without necessitating the public entering the Treasury Hall.

}

491

(5)

Post Office, Sorting Room to include Registra- tion, Money Order, parcels delivery, letter and newspaper delivery, sorting of mails in and mails out, Shanghai mails, and

newspapers

Assistant Postmaster and Enquiry

Postmaster...

Store,

Tiffin Room,

Accommodation to be provided for a clerk to

.8,000 Square feet.

live on the premises and for 30 coolies and 1 watchman in connection with Block No. 2.

Public Works Department:-

Plan Room,

GOO

};

600

300

150

400 Square feet.

Engineers 5 @

.each 550

Drawing Office,

....1,800

Surveyor,

.1,000

Accountant and Clerks,...

2,400

Director of Public Works,

1,000

Land Bailiff,

450

Overseers,

......

700

Telegraph Store,

250

800

General Store,

Suitable latrine and lavatory accommodation to be provided for each Department.

F. J. BADELEY,

Secretary,

Government Offices Committee.

(Despatch from the Secretary of State to the Governor.)

HONGKONG.

No. 126.

SIR,

DOWNING STREET,

5th June, 1896.

With reference to your despatch No. 111 of 28th April last and to my telegram of the 3rd instant, I have the honour to inform you that before sanctioning the proposed erection of new Government Buildings at Hongkong, I desire to receive further information as to the necessity for the Buildings, and to be more fully satisfied, than I now am, as to the financial ability of the Colony to meet the expenditure out of current revenue,

2. I request you therefore to forward to me the Report of the Committee, which considered the question of the Government Offices, together with any further explanations you may wish to give.

3. As regards the financial position of the Colony, I should be glad to know the precise grounds upon which the Acting Colonial Treasurer confidently anticipates that the ordinary expenditure of the current year will be largely exceeded by the Revenue, in view of the fact that the Estimates sent home in December last only show a surplus of $6,500. It appears moreover, from the Returns forwarded in your despatch No. 92 of 14th April last, that the Revenue last

year fell considerably short of the Expenditure (excluding Expenditure charged

492

(6)

to the Loan), and that at the end of the year there was an actual excess of Liabilities over Assets, which was only met by temporarily appropriating for general purposes the balance of the 1893 Loan. I gather, however, that this state of affairs was largely due to the special expenditure on the Taipingshan Resumption Scheme, which will in part at least be ultimately recouped.

4. I should in any case not be disposed to sanction a Loan for such a purpose as the erection of Government Buildings, which are neither directly remunerative, nor like sanitary and water works, of pressing necessity for the health of the Colony.

5. I notice from the last paragraph of the second enclosure to your despatch No. 92 of 14th April last, that the Public Works, for which the present Loan was raised, are likely to absorb much more than the total sum realised by the Loan. It is therefore desirable to know how this excess expenditure is to be met, when considering the question of incurring other heavy expenditure on Public Buildings.

6. I will address you later on in a separate despatch as to the desirability of inviting competitive designs for the new Government Offices in the event of its being decided to erect them.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient, humble Servant,

Governor

SIR W. ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

HONGKONG.

No. 132.

&c.,

&C.,

fc.

J. CHAMBERLAIN.

(Despatch from the Secretary of State to the Governor.)

DOWNING STREET,

16th June, 1896.

SIR,

With reference to the last paragraph of my despatch No. 126 of the 5th instant, I have the honour to inform you that I am not prepared to approve the proposal to invite competitive designs for new Government Offices at Hongkong.

2. The system has not been found to work very well in this country, partly owing to the difficulty of finding competent judges to decide on the merits of the competing designs; and partly because the selected design may turn out to be the work of an architect, or firm, of very limited experience in the supervision of actual construction, and in dealing with the numberless questions which arise in connection with a large building.

3. When it is decided to erect the new Government Buildings, it will, in my opinion, be desirable to employ the Consulting Architects to the Crown Agents for the Colonies, Messrs. ASTON WEBB and INGRESS BELL, who designed the Birmingham Law Courts and other notable buildings, and who have considerable experience in making designs for buildings in the tropics.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient, humble Servant,

Governor

SIR W. ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

&c.,

&C.

&c.

J. CHAMBERLAIN.

151

No. 96.

HONGKONG.

HARBOUR MASTER'S REPORT FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

No. 110.

HARBOUR DEPARTMENT, HONGKONG, 26th February, 1896.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward the Annual Returns for this Department for the year ending 31st December, 1895.

I. Number, Tonnage, Crews, and Cargoes of Vessels entered. II. Number, Tonnage, Crews, and Cargoes of Vessels cleared.

III. Number, Tonnage, Crews, and Cargoes of Vessels entered at each Port.

IV. Number, Tonnage, Crews, and Cargoes of Vessels cleared at each Port.

V. Number, Tonnage, and Crews of Vessels of each Nation entered. VI. Number, Tonnage, and Crews of Vessels of each Nation cleared.

VII. Junks entered at each Port from China and Formosa.

VIII. Junks cleared at each Port for China and Formosa.

IX. Junks entered from Macao.

X. Junks cleared for Macao.

XI. Total Number of Junks entered at each Port.

XII. Total Number of Junks cleared at each Port.

XIII. Junks (Local Trade) entered. -

XIV. Junks (Local Trade) cleared.

XV. Summary of Arrivals and Departures of all Vessels.

XVI. Vessels registered.

XVII. Vessels struck off the Register.

XVIII. Chinese Passenger Ships cleared by the Emigration Officer.

XIX. Vessels bringing Chinese Passengers to Hongkong from places out of China.

XX. Marine Magistrate's Court.

XXI. Diagram of Tonnage of Vessels entered.

XXII. Statement of Revenue collected.

XXIII. Return of the work performed by the Government Marine Surveyor.

XXIV. Return from Imports and Exports (Opium) Office.

SHIPPING.

2. The total tonnage entering and clearing amounted to 15,632,113 tons, an increase of 1,383,443 tons over the previous year.

3. There were 36,908 arrivals with a tonnage of 7,827,398 tons, and 36,853 departures of 7,804,715 tons.

4. The increase in European constructed tonnage amounted to 1,056,404, of this a large proportion is to be found under the British flag, partly owing to a new river steamer, the Wing Tong, which during the year made 114 round trips and thus accounted for 21,888 tons, partly to the transfer to the British flag during the year of certain vessels usually flying the "Dragon flag;" but 638,631 tons of this increase, (or 8%), represented bonâ fide increased British tonnage.

5. An increase of 245,163 tons is found under foreign flags, chiefly German. Here again the temporary transfer of the ships of the belligerents plays an important part, but here again 147,249 tons, (or 5%), are represented in the more direct manner.

6. The junk trade also shows a very satisfactory increase of 201,576 tons in the Foreign trade, and 125,463 tons in the local trade; about 86,000 tons of the former is owing to an additional departmental regulation, the remaining 115,000 tons, however, represents increased trade.

}

152

7. The following statement shows how this amount of shipping is apportioned :-

Comparative Shipping Return for the Years 1894 and 1895.

1894.

1895.

INCREASE.

DECREASE.

British,. Foreign,

Junks in Foreign

Trade,.....

Ships. Tonnage. Ships. Tonnage. Ships. Tonnage. Ships. Tonnage.

6,022 7,778,396 | 6,626 8,589,637 604 811,241 2,430 | 2,690,786|2,463| 2,935,949 33 245,163 45,861 3,482,12453,027 | 3,683,700| 7,166| 201,576|

54,313 13,951,306 |62,116 | 15,209,286 | 7,803 1,257,980

Total,

Junks in Local

Trade,

8,478

297,364 11,645 422,827 3,167 125,463|

...

Grand Total,... 62,791 14,248,670|73,761 | 15,632,113 10,970 1,383,443

NET,...

10,970 1,383,443

8. It is an interesting statistical fact that the total tonnage entering and clearing at Hongkong last year (exclusive of local trade) exceeded the 1894 tonnage entering and clearing at London (exclusive of coasting trade) by 775,706 tons, also that, excluding our junk trade altogether, the tonnage entering and clearing in 1895 exceeded the 1894 tonnage at Liverpool (exclusive of coasting trade) by 1,036,008 tons, and at Cardiff by 1,047,195 tons; while at Hongkong in 1895, British tonnage alone exceeded the British and Foreign tonnage (exclusive of coasting trade) at Newcastle (the next port in the United Kingdom) by 3,641,524 tons.

9. The actual number of ships of European construction, exclusive of river steamers, which entered the Port during the year was 586, being 336 British and 250 Foreign. They entered in the aggregate 3,051 times making a total collective tonnage of 4,114,403 tons as under :—

NO. OF STEAM & SAIL,

British,

American,

Austrian,

Chinese,

Danish,

Dutch,

French,

German,

Italian,

Japanese,

Norwegian,

FLAG.

Russian,

Siamese,

Spanish,.

Swedish,

Hawaiian,

TOTAL,....

SHIPS.

TIMES ENTERED.

TOTAL

TONNAGE.

336

1,813

2,639,447

80,963

61,116

115,753

43,623

12,898

123

167,809

638

744,811

18,846

48,884

127

145,369

21,244

656

3,844

7,912

1,228

586

3,051

4,114,405

10. The 336 British ships, exclusive of river steamers, that entered the Port in 1895, carried 2,410 British Officers and 42 Foreigners as follows :—

....

British, American, German, Dane, Portuguese, Chinese,.. Japanese, Swede, Norwegian,

....

2,410

2,452 Officers.

Total,.

The proportion of Foreigners in British ships was therefore 1.8 % comprising 8 different nationalities.

153

The 250 foreign ships that entered in 1895 carried 1,583 Officers, of whom 132 were British as follows:-

In Chinese ships,

,, Japanese,,

,, French

Total,.....

..132 Officers.

The proportion of Britishers in Foreign ships was therefore 8.3 % distributed under 3 different Flags of which the Chinese takes over 6 %.

TRADE.

11. In European constructed vessels the general trade from places other than China and adjacent countries was as follows:-

IMPORTS.

Vessels with cargo.

Vessels in ballast.

Cargo discharged.

Cargo in transit.

Tons.

British, Foreign,.

1,271,949

11,441

1,070,788

709,757

552,821

19,783

416,094

231,468

TOTAL,...... 1,824,770

31,224

1,486,882

941,225

From places in and adjacent to China.

Vessels with cargo.

Vessels in ballast.

Cargo discharged.

Cargo

in transit.

Tons.

British, Foreign,..

2,798,639

213,313

884,524

446,707

728,137

174,215

523,822

235,951

TOTAL,...... 3,526,776

387,528

1,408,346

682,658

EXPORTS.

To places other than China and adjacent countries.

Vessels with cargo.

Vessels in ballast.

Cargo shipped.

Cargo in transit.

Tons.

British, Foreign,..

930,427

130,718

645,493

77,145

407,501

77,248

224,636

37,102

TOTAL,...... 1,337,928

207,966

870,129

114,247

To places in and adjacent to China.

Vessels with cargo.

Vessels in ballast.

Cargo shipped.

Cargo in transit.

Tons.

British, Foreign,....

3,079,046

152,104

457,807

167,001

850,009

126,235

335,071

106,622

TOTAL,..... 3,929,055

278,339

792,878

273,623

12. 4,450 Steamers, 96 sailing vessels and 26.554 junks entered during the year, giving a daily average of 85 vessels as against 75 in 1894. (It is worthy of note that on one occasion during the year, viz., at 10 a.m. 5th April there were in the harbour 241 trading vessels, viz.:-69 steamers, 8 sailing vessels and 164 junks.)

154

13. For European constructed vessels the average daily entry would be 12.45 as against 11.57 in 1894, and of the steamers arriving 73.5% were British including all the river steamers of which ■ the daily entries averaged 4.09.

14. Having been absent from the Colony for about 6 months of the year under review I am not in a position to offer any general remarks as to the influences at work during the period as they appear from the Shipping Returns to affect the general trade of the Colony. It would seem, however, that these influences, whatever they may have been, were disposed favourably towards us.

15. The March quarter of the year showed a net increase over the same period of 1894 in trade as represented by tonnage of 1,333 tons.

The half-year increased this to 224,371 tons.

The nine months ending 30th September brought it up to 845,203, and

The

16.

year resulted in an increased tonnage credit of 1,383,443.

IMPORTS AND EXPORTS.

Trade of the Port of Hongkong for year ending 31st December, 1896.

Tors.

Pas-

No. of Dis- Ships. charged.

Shipped.

In Bunker

Coal Transit.

Shipped.

Total. tered

Tonnage.

Regis- Carried.

sengers

British,

Foreign,.

River

Steamers (British),.

3,639 1,821,038* 991,477 1,156,464 222,3364,191,315 5,275,547 309,006

2,463 939,916† 559,707 467,419 143,7242,110,766 2,935,949 124,606

2,987 134,274 111,823

21,810 267,907 3,314,090, 928,825

Total,

9,089 2,895,228] 1,663,007 1,623,883 387,870,6,569,988 11,525,586 1,362,437

Junks in

Foreign Trade,......)

53,027 463,888|+1,015,921

1,479,809 3,683,700, 218,177

Total,

62,116 3,359,116| 2,678,9281,623,883 387,8708,049,797 15,209,286 1,580,614

Junks in

Local Trade,......

11,645 126,388| 26,046

152,434 422,827, 10,459

Grand Total,...| 73,761 3,485,504 2,704,9741,623,883 387,870 8,202,231 15,632,113 1,591,073

* Includes 8,650 tons and 2 cases Kerosine.

+ Includes 27,190 tons and 18 cases Kerosine.

Including 17,982 tons of Kerosine.

17. In Returns Nos. I. and II. will be found the number and registered tonnage of all vessels entering and clearing between the Colony and each country with which trade relations exist, and the amount of cargo reported as "shipped," "discharged," and "in transit" to and from these various

countries.

18. This Department has now, at an infinite amount of trouble and pains on the part of the officers concerned, succeeded (to an extent limited only by the reliability of the information afforded on application) in producing statistics usually only found at ports which have the advantage for this purpose of a Custom House, and as I remarked on a former occasion I hope the information may be valued in proportion to the amount of time and trouble expended in its compilation."

19. During the year 9,089 European constructed vessels aggregating 11,525,586 carried 6,569,988 tons, made up as follows:-

Import Cargo,

Export do.

Transit do.

Bunker Coal shipped,

... 2,895,228

1,663,007

1,623,883

387,870

6,569,988

The total number of tons carried was therefore 56 % of the total registered tonnage; in the previous year it was 58 %, and in 1893 59 °。.

20.

IMPORTS (EXCLUDING RIVER STEAMERS).

Steamers, ...... .2,955 measuring 4,014,845 tons.

...

Sailing Ships,

Total,.........3,051

Imported 2,760,954 tons of cargo as under :-

ARTICLES.

99,558

4,114,403

1894.

1895.

INCREASE. DECREASE.

Beans,

Bones,

3,995

3,848

147

2,040

2,340

300

Coal,

Copra, Coffee, Cotton,. Ebony, Flour,

562,909

563,767

858

•

500

400

•

60,250

101,767

41,517

Hemp,

1,200

...

Kerosine (Bulk),.

31,462

24,450

7,012

Kerosine (Case),.

68,905

42,601

26,304

[(1,929,340 cases) (1,192,828 cases)

(736,512 cases)

Lead,

1,350

Oil,......

3,804

3,348

456

Opium,

2,825

2,464

361

Peas,

1,060

Rattan,

625

Rice,

619,075

764,368

145,293

Salt,

6,250

...

Saltpetre,

...

Sandal-wood,..

1,625

1,262

...

363

Sapan-wood,

1,300

600

Sulphur,

500

Sugar,

170,499

185,616

...

500

15,117

...

700

Tea,

Timber,

350 16,040

...

330

26,389

Vermicelli,

General,..

170 1,079,676

800 1,026,004

10,349 630

...

53,672

TOTAL,..

2,625,610 2,760,954

225,374

90,030

155

21. The above table shows that the chief increase in imports during the year were in Flour (41,517 tons), Rice (145,293 tons), Sugar (15,117 tons), and Timber (10,349 tons), while the decrease is shown in 33,316 tons of Kerosine and 53,672 tons under the head of "General."

22.

EXPORTS (EXCLUDING RIVER STEAMERS).

Steamers, Sailing vessels,..

....

.2,957 measuring 3,999,745 tons.

97,348,

4,097,093

Total.........3,051

Exported 1,551,184 tons of cargo, and shipped 366,060 tons of bunker coal. Compared with last year, this gives 188 ships more, measuring 498,242 tons, carrying 46,374 more tons of cargo, and shipping 32,809 more tons of bunker coal.

23. European constructed vessels imported 1,232,221 tons in excess of exports. Junks exported an excess of 451,691 tons. The excess of imports is thus reduced to 780,530 tons, from this must be deducted 366,060 tons of bunker coal shipped (exclusive of that supplied to Her Majesty's ships and foreign men-of-war), leaving a balance of 414,470 tons consumed, manufactured and in stock in the Colony or unaccounted for.

24. The river steamers, aggregating 3,314,090 tons, imported 134,274 tons of cargo, exported 111,823 tons, shipped 21,810 tons of bunker coal, and conveyed 928,825 passengers, showing an increase under each heading except "passengers," the number of whom carried was reduced by 113,133 for the year.

156

25.

PASSENGER Traffic.

Arrivals.

Departures.

British ships,.

143,490

165,516 including Emigrants.

Foreign

67,480

57,126

River Steamers,...

..478,695

450,130

Launches outside waters of

Colony,

133,398

125,611

Junks (Foreign Trade), .......111,026

107,151

934,089

905,534

Excess of arrivals over departures (Foreign Trade),

.28,555

Junks, Local trade,

6,665

3,794

Launches,

.1,964,821

1,978,339

1,971,486

1,982,133

Excess of departures over arrivals (Local Trade),

.10,647

Difference excess of arrivals,

.17,908

26. From the above it appears that with a passenger traffic amounting to 5,793,242 during the year, the excess of arrivals in the Colony over departures from it, inclusive of all allowances for errors in reporting, amounted to 17,908 or about per cent.

REVENUE.

27. The total Revenue collected by the Harbour Office during the year was $234,418.29, an increase of $39,242.67 over 1894. The details are as follows :-

(i) Light Dues,

•

(ii) Licences and Internal Revenue,

(iii) Fees of Court and Office,

$107,315.91

34,479.50

92,622.88

$234,418.29

STEAM LAUNCHES.

28. On 31st December there were 139 Steam Launches employed in the Harbour; of these 59 were licensed for the conveyance of passengers, 63 were privately owned, 12 were the property of the Colonial Government, and 5 belonged to the Imperial Government in charge of the Military- Authorities.

EMIGRATION.

29. 73,138 Emigrants left Hongkong for various places during the year, of these 58,429 were carried by British ships; 112,685 were reported as having been brought to Hongkong from places to which they had emigrated, and of these 86,663 were brought in British ships.

Returns Nos. XVIII. and XIX. give the details of this branch of the department.

REGISTRY OF SHIPPING.

30. During the year two ships were registered, under the provisions of the Imperial Act, and five

certificates were cancelled.

MARINE MAGISTRATE'S COURT.

31. 85 cases were heard in the Marine Magistrate's Court; refusal of duty and breach of Harbour Regulations were the principal offences.

EXAMINATION FOR MASTERS, MATES, AND ENGINEERS. (Under Section 15 of Ordinance No. 26 of 1891.)

32. The following table will show the number of candidates examined for Certificates of Com. petency distinguishing those who were successful and those who failed:-

GRADE.

PASSED.

FAILED.

Masters,

First Mates,

Only Mates,

Second Mates,

0010 ON

TOTAL,

First Class Engineers,..... Second Class Engineers,

TOTAL,

157

MARINE COUrts.

(Under Section 13 of Ordinance No. 26 of 1891.)

33. The following Courts have been held during the year:-

1. On the 19th April, inquiry as to the grounding of the British Steamship Polyphemus, Official No. 97,818 of Liverpool, on Jubilee Island (approaches to Hongkong) on the morning of the 8th April, in foggy weather. The Master's (WILLIAM THOMAS CHUBB) certificate of competency was returned to him.

2. On the 14th May, inquiry into the loss of the British Steamship Peking, Official No. 95,860 of Hongkong, on the Southern point of Meichen Sound, China Sea, on the morning of the 3rd May. The Master's (GEORGE PARKER) certificate of competency was suspended for six months.

3. On the 31st May inquiry respecting certain charges of misconduct brought against ROBERT CRATHORNE, First Engineer of the British Steamship Riversdale, Official No. 68,974 of Sunderland, by EDWARD PECK, Master of the said vessel. The First Engi- neer's (ROBERT CRATHORNE) certificate of competency was suspended for six months. 4. On the 28th November inquiry respecting certain charges of misconduct brought against DAVID GORDON, First Mate of the British barque Torrisdale, Official No. 99,828 of Glasgow, by ROBERT BUCHANAN, Master of the said vessel. The First Mate's (DAVID GORDON) certificate of competency was suspended for three months.

"SUNDAY CARGO-WORKING ORDINANCE, 1891."

34. During the year 105 permits were issued (exclusive of 42 issued free during the coolie strike) under the provisions of the Ordinance; of these 28 were not availed of owing to its being found unneces- sary for the ship to work cargo on the Sunday, and the fee paid for the permit was refunded in each

case.

35. 29 Permits were issued free of charge to Mail Steamers.

36. The Revenue collected under this heading was $11,600; this was $1,775 less than in 1894, but nearly 50% more than in any other year since the Ordinance came into force.

SEAMEN.

37. 16,278 Seamen were shipped and 17,926 discharged at the Shipping Office and on board ships during the year.

38. 289 Distressed Seamen were received during the year; of these 59 were sent to the United Kingdom, 12 to Calcutta, 12 to Singapore, 1 to Sydney, 1 to Port Said, 8 to Japan, 1 to Shanghai, 9 to Manila, 2 to Bombay, 1 to Saigon, 6 died, 160 obtained employment, 13 remained at Government Civil Hospital, and 4 at Sailors' Home.

$5,832.73 were expended by the Board of Trade in the relief of these men.

MARINE SURVEYOR'S SUB-DEPARTMENT.

39. Return No. XXIII. shows the work performed by this branch of the Harbour Department. 40. The Assistant Marine Surveyor was on leave from 27th May to 20th November.

41. His duties were at first undertaken by the Marine Surveyor in addition to his own. Owing to a breakdown in the health of the latter, it was later on found necessary to engage the service of a local engineer to assist in the work until the return from leave of Mr. MACDONALD.

LIGHTHOUSES.

42. The amount of Light Dues collected was as follows :—

CLASS OF VESSELS.

RATE PER TON.

No. of SHIPS.

TONNAGE.

TOTAL FEES

COLLECTED.

Ocean Vessels paying full dues,. 2 cents. Launches paying full dues,

3,057 | 4,097,215 | 102,430.46

River Steamers (night-boats),... Launches plying exclusively to

cent.

740

718 723,962

17.91 4,825.90

Macao,

127

River Steamers (day-boats),

Free.

755

6,247 933,933

41.64

Launches plying to Macao by

day,

303

18,951

TOTAL,

5,006 5,776,026 107,315.91

43. During the year the Lighthouses have been maintained as usual. The Principal Light- keeper returned from leave; and on the expiration of their 3 years' agreement, the Gap Rock Light- keepers were permanently engaged on the Fixed Establishment.

44. Advantage was taken of the presence of Mr. MATTHEWS (of the firm of Messrs. COODE SON & MATTHEWS) at Colombo to engage his services for a report on the Gap Rock Lighthouse and buildings more especially with reference to the damage sustained by these in the typhoon of 1893. A visit was paid to the Rock and Mr. MATTHEWs furnished the Government with his opinion.

158

45. On the 8th April the S.S. Polyphemus went on shore on Jubilee Island during a fog. From the evidence advanced at the Court of Inquiry it was shown that she must have passed within about a mile of the Gap Rock while the fog signal was going without hearing it.

Investigation with regard to the audibility of the signal was afterwards made by me and the result reported in my letter of 30th April, 1895.

During my absence on leave the "High Explosives" sound signal was abolished in favour of the old-fashioned gun signal.

46. Telegraphic and telephonic communication has been kept up with the Gap Rock and Cape D'Aguilar during the year. From the former station 488 vessels have been reported as passing and in addition 294 messages were received and 2,199 sent including the daily weather report for the Observatory.

From D'Aguilar 968 vessels were reported and in addition 348 messages were sent and 75 received. 47. From the 9th of June the telegraph at Gap Rock has been worked by the Light-keepers in accordance with the recommendation of the Signalling Committee, and 2 Chinese have been engaged as watchmen.

GOVERNMENT GUNPOWDER DEPÔT.

48. During the year 1895 there has been stored in the Government Magazine, Stonecutter's Island:-

No. OF CASES.

APPROXIMATE

WEIGHT.

lbs.

Cartridges, privately owned,.....

Do.,

Gunpowder, privately owned,

Do., Government owned,.

Government owned,

Explosive Compounds, privately owned,.

18,481 11

562,662

1,188

18,986 40

2,283,722

2,508

3,151

153,983

Do.,

Government owned,.

1,470

TOTAL,........

40,698

3,005,533

On the 31st December, 1895, there remained as under:

No. of CASES.

APPROXIMATE

WEIGHT.

Ibs.

Gunpowder, privately owned,

Do., Government owned,.

3,991

106,990

1,188

Cartridges, privately owned,.....

488

157,641

Do., Government owned,

13,382

Explosive Compounds, privately owned,......

163

12,710

Do.,

Government owned,.

1,353

TOTAL,......

4,768

293,264

IMPORTS AND EXPORTS (OPIUM) OFFICE.

49. The Return shows that during the year the amount of opium reported was as follows:-

Imported,

1894. .41,578

1895.

36,609

Exported,

.38,978

36,241

but not landed, ..........

Through cargo reported 22,986

16,190

Decrease.

4,968

2,737

6,795

17,034 permits were issued from this Office during the year, being a decrease of 2,122 as compared with 1894.

A daily memo. of exports to Chinese ports was during the year supplied to the Commissioner of Imperial Maritime Customs at Kowloon.

Surprise visits were paid to 98 godowns during the year.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

R. MURRAY RUMSEY, Retd. Comd., R.N., Harbour Master, &c.

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

&c.,

Colonial Secretary,

&c.,

&c.

1.-NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, and CARGOES of Ves

WITH CARGOES.

BRITISH.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL

COUNTRIES WHENCE ARRIVED.

Cargoes.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Vessels.

Australia and New Zealand,

British Columbia,......

British North Borneo,......

Dis- charged.

42,795 1,837 17,047 28,975

Tons. Crews. Yessels.

Tons. Crews.

Transit.

Dis- charged.

Vessel

Transit..

1 1,498 19

41,293 1,856| 17.047 28,975

45,045 3,182

19,932

45,045 3,182 19,932

13,263| 68!

12,150

17 13,263 681 12,150

Cape of Good Hope,.

Coast of China and Formosa,.

Cochin-China,

Continent of Europe,

Great Britain,

India and Singapore,

Japan,

Java and other Islands in the Indian Archipelago,

Macao,

Mauritius,

North Pacific,

Philippine Islands,

Ports in Hainan and Gulf of Tonquin,

Russia in Asia,

Sandwich Islands,..

Siam,

South America,.....

United States of America,

1,776 2,074.086 75,781 276,354 412,541 99 133,054 3,584 241,583 1,800 17 40,69 807 22,350| 54,791 151 319.470 8,170 188,509 368,906 14i 224,279 10,833| 145,18|| 81,685 217 405,517 11,509 411,953| 147,050;

391 66,651 1,895| 126,568|

317 339,739 14,772 27,568|

•

87 81,294 4,320| 88,837 2000 17 23.627 542 18,866 27,705|

2 3,156; 106 4,400 982 31 340 136 133,626 5,789| 219,166|

177 213,923 6,611 1,953 2,287,959 82,392 276,354 412,541 15,17

99 133,054 3,581 241,583|

...

1,921 30

17 40,691 807 22,350 155 321,394 8,200 188,509

1,800 54.791 368 906

2,361Į 41

142) 228,640|10,874|| 145.181

3,409 54 2,249

68,900 1,925 126,568 317 339,739 14,772 27,568

219 408.926 11,563 411,953 147,050

81.685

3-1

81,294 4,320|

88.837

2.000 2

1,390

25,017 543

18.866 27,706 19

3,156

196

4,400

982

310

2,660

TOTAL........

57 123,363 4,276 134,508 25,350

3,1244,070,588 148,115|1,955,312|1,156,464|

136 133,626 5,783 219,116

57 123,363 4,276 134,508||||| 25,350| 2.

184 226,754 6,826 3,308|4,297,342 154,941 1,955,312 1,156,464| 16,25)

II.-NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, and CARGOES of Vess

2,660 6

WITH CARGOES.

BRITISH.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL

WITH CARG

COUNTRIES TO WHICH DEPARTED.

Shipped.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Bunker Coal.

Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Cargoes.

Banker Coal.

Australia & New Zealand,

331

British Columbia,

British North Borneo,

Cape of Good Hope,

Coast of China & Formosa,

Cochin-China,

Continent of Europe,

48,800 2,591| 35,000. 5,985 14 42,042 2,974 15,645 13.200 16 12,945 884 2,880 3,252

1 2,155 30 2,168 2,572,508 95,760 373,147 111,614

33 14

48,800 2,591| 35,060 5.985 42,042 2,974 15,645 13.200

130

700

Great Britain,

India and Singapore,

Japan,

Indian Archipelago,

35,224 814 7.445 4,935 42 7 14.402 1,184 1,821 1,710 30 73,949 3,163 40,316 2.470 218 412,797 13,912 261,991| 34,500 141 249,676 8,093 192,550) 11,115)

1,734 64

52,661 1,675| 68,935| 1,196|

130

301

3 4,535 80 65 114,899 2,321|

880

221

3,195

206

90 18 14,679 948 2,880 3,342

I 2,155 301 5,744 2,214 2,625,169 97,435||| 373,147| 117,358 18,508 1,996,098 228,293|1, 6,193

94,159 2,010) 7,445 11,128 14,402 1,184] 1,821 1,710 73,949 3,163] 40,316 2,470) 417,332 13,992 261.991| 35,380) 364,575| 10,414|| 192,550|

1,082 20

700

89 90,483 2,655]

49 128,848 6,151|

14,310

83,077 2,500 66 103,550 3,145|

Java and other Islands in the

Macao,

5,565 191 2,800 314 336,952 14,489| 28,140

1,200 3,954

North Pacific,

Philippine Islands,

Ports in Hainan & G. of Tonquin,

231

561 52,419 2,823| 28,220 26,090 996 6,915

9,194

5,530,

31 5,221 127 1,140

677 1,361| 251 13 20,6:5 450 3,885 91 12,731 2841 1,135

861

Russia in Asia,

1,415 24'

Sandwich Islands,.

Siam,

Sonth America,

982

31 1,400 42.908 1,921 11,060

1,799

10,435

United States of America,

4,751 101

4,702 63

1,040

TOTAL,

3,1284,

42 2,875 33 76,845 2,852| 90,905 1,000

1,406 26 71,913 11,797

139

15 8,913 478 194 115,479 4,863| 8 15,328 475

1 1,338 24 50 45,792 1,351

7 5,046

96 1,000 38 68,769 2,065|

|4,009,473| 152,7741,103,300 220,844 190 282,822 6,472| 23,302||| 3,3184,292,295|159,246|1,103,300 244,146|19,670|2,737,261| 258,960|1,

315

10,786 318 2,800 337,629 14,575 28,140

2,340

3,954

590

1.361 73,054 3,273|

28,220

13,079

38,821| 1,280| 6,915

6,665

1.415

982

31 1,400 47,659 2,022| 11,060 2 1,799 42 2,875 35 81,547 2,915 90,905

11.475

Í.—NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, and CARGOES of Vessels ENTERED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong from each Country i

RGOES.

BRITISH.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

FOREIGN.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Cargoes.

Vossels.

Dis- charged

Tons. Crews. Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Transit.

7 17,047 28,975

1,498 19

Dis- charged.

44,293 1,856| 17,047 28,975

Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Transit.

Dis- charged.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews. Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Transit.

3 3,439 48 4,514

1,042 19

Dis- charge

4,481 67 4,5

19,932

45,045 3,182 19,932

ONO-✪

12,150

276,354 412,541| 4241,583 1,800,

22,350 54,791

0 188,509 368,906

3 145,18 84,685 9411,953 147,050 5 126,568

27,568

88,837 2000 18,866|| 27,705|

4,400

340

9 219,166

...

2,660

6 134,508 25,350

15/1,955,312|1,156,464

...

17 13,263 681 12,150

3 1,677 34 1,794

***

1.267) 19

1,677 34 1.7: 1.267

177

1,921 30 2,361 41

3,409 54

213,923 6,611 1,953 2,287,959 82,392 276,354 412,541 15,177 1,355,179 168,500 510,261 227.951 11,256

99 133,054 3,584 241,583| 17 40,691 807 22,350 155 321,394 8,200 188,509 368 906 142|| 226,640 10,874 145.181 84,685 219 408,926 11,563 411,953 147,050

1,800 149 151,355 4,354 249,711 54.791

5.700

92 202,887 8,719

11,147 180

81 230 15,036

134.907

4,000,

42,21|| 1,489 27,780

7.980

446

200,803 5,196 197,519

79.681

9,392

2,249

68,900 1,925 126.568

28,673 841,

42,245

2,830

2,331

24 423 51

975,532 125,240 26,433 2,530,711 293.740 510,2

149 151,355 4.35 249,7

92 202,887 8,719 81,2: 81 11,147 180 15.0. 33 42.660 1,5:3ļ 27,7 117 210,195 5,619 197,5

***

317

339,739 14,772 27,568

3.10

49,153 8,672

11,895

26-

23,448 3,314

601

31,004 892) 42,2 72,601 11,936|

11,8.

1,929 55

1,160

1,923 55

1,1:

500

281

442

592

361

***

81,294 4,320

88.837 2.000

16,529 719

18,060

1,000

402

16,931 768

18,0

1,390

25,017

513

18.866 27,706

191

113.139 4935

96,019

3,382

160

196

1:6,521] 5,095)

96.0

3,156 196

4,400

10,924 5211

1,500

370

1,955 56

12,879 577 1,5

982 31

340

136 133,626 5,789 219,116

2,660

611

461 57,261 1,657

400

814

2 1,275 20

99.970

57,261| 1,657}

99,9

...

57 123,363 4,276 134,508 25,350 22

392 49,452 1,860

25 44,243

1.300 1,700

794 1,650 18: 23

1,186 28

51,102 1,878

44,2

BRITISH.

IN BALLAST.

184 226,754 6,826 3,3084,297,342 154,941 1,955,312, 1,156,464 16,250 2,297,114 207,8281,405,804 467,419 11,542 1,022,547 129,409 27,792 3,319,661 337,237|1,403,8

II.—NUMBER, TONNAGE, Crews, and CARGOES of Vessels CLEARED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong for each Country in

FOREIGN.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

ΤΟΥΤΑΣ

Shipped.

Tons. Crews.

Bunker Coal.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

...

1,734

3909

Bunker Coal.

48,800 2,591 35,060 5.985 42,042 2,974| 15,645 13.200 18 14,679 948 2,880

3,342 2,155 30

700

Tons. Crews, Vessels.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Bunker Coal.

Tons. Crews. Vessels.

Bunk.

Cargoes. Coa.

2 1,082 20

1,406 26

1.042 281

450

130

52,661 1,675 58,935 1,196|

5,744 2,2142,625,169 97,435 373,147 117,358 18,5081,996,098 223,293|1,142.025| 45,540 7,874 398,219 71,401

6,193

4,535

880

114,899 2,321|

3,195

94,159 2,010) 7,445 11,128 14,402 1,184| 1,821 1,710 300 73,949 3,163| 40,316 221 417,332 13.992 261.991 206 364,575| 10,414| 192,550

89 90,483 2,655 52.750 15.858 49 128,848 6,151 18,374 16;468

67,259 2,043

1,406 26

2,124 48

4,270 26,382 2,394.317 294,694 1,142.025 10,651 156 157,742 4,698 52,750 49 128,848 6,151 18,374

49,8

26,5

16,4

2,470

...

35.380

14,310

501 83,077 2,500) 58,040 7,885 66 103,550 8,145 51,650]

5,221 127

1,140

677 86

7 10,786 318 2,800 315 337,629| 14,575 28,140

2,340

3,954

590

1,361 25

1 1,361 25

20,6:5 450

3,885

73,034 3,273 28,220

13,079

12,731

284

1,135

38,821 1,280 6,915

6,665

1,415 24

982

31 1,400

4,751

101

1,040

451

47,659 2,022 11,060

11,475

1,799 42 2,875

1 1,406 26 71,913 11,797

139 15 8,913 478 194 115,479 4,863|

8 15,328 475 1 1,338 24 50 45,792 1,351) 5.046 96

4,702 63

81,547 2,915| 90,905 1,000 38 68,769 2,065) 86,769

1,100 54,814 167 6,215 1.573 80.882 15,545 1,240 1,510

14,260 11,050

7,296

100

7,089 45

450 1

2,613 34 71,247 1,675

2,850

52 85,690 2,534 111 174,797 4,820|

58,040

7,8

51,650

9,9

1,982 28 22 2,324 293

300

612

3,388 54 74,237| 12,090]

1,100

54,814

11,205 223

2,640

1,185

139 20,118 701 6,215

167

2,7

811

440.

197 118,119 4,944 80,882 15,9

31 2,790 78

15,328 475

1.240 1,5

1,338 24

510

48,582 1,429

14 260

11,5

5,046 96

68,769 2,065,

7,290 86,769

282,822 6,472 23,302 3,3184,292,295 159,2461,103,300 244,146 19,670 2,787,261 258,960 1,575,628 123,068 8,028 562,727 75,910 20,656 27,698 3,299,988 334,870 1,575,628 143,7

of Hongkong from each Country in the Year 1895.

REIGN.

TOTAL.

159

ALLAST.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL

Cargoes.

ons.

Crews. Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Vessels.

Tons, Crews.

Dis- charged

Transit.

Dis- charged

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews. Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Transit.

Dis- charged.

Transit.

1,042 19

4 4,481 67 4,514

1,677 34 1,791

46,234 1,885| 21,561 28,975 45.045 3,182) 19,932 201 14,910 715] 13,944

2,519

33 361

48,774 1,923) 21.551 23,975 45,045 3,182 19,932)

201

13,941

1.267

2,331

446 24 9,392 423 51 23,448 3,314 60+

8 11,147) 180 15.035 4,000) 33 42.660 1,5:3 27,780| 7,930 117 210,195 5,619|| 197,519

79,681

31,001 8921 42,245

2,850

72,60|| 11,936|

11,895

1,929 55

1,160

592 361

4+2

402 491 3,382

160 1,955 56

16,931 768

18,060

1,000

195 116,521 5,095|

96,019

6 12,879 577

1,500

370

814 13

2 1,275

1,929 55 1,160

500 28 109 97,823 5,039) 106,897| 203 136,766 5,477 114.835 7 14,080 627 5,900

1,443 38

5,532 125,240 26,433 2,530,711 293.740 510,261 227,951 16,953 3,429,215 244,281

149 141,355 4,351 249,711|

92 202,887 8,719|

783 615 640.492 5,700 248 234.403 7,984 491.291|| 7.500 81,230 134.907 109 243,578 9,525| 103.580|

189 693 162 330.617 8,350 203.545| 372.905 173 266,493 12.322 172.961| 92.665 328 605,320 16,703 609.472|| 226.731| 661 95,321 2,736 168,313 2,839 657 388,892 23,444 39,463

1,267

14,910 715 1 1,267 19

1,433 1,189,455 131,851| 28,336|4,618,670 376,132 786,615 61 492 248) 231,400; 7,933 491,294 7,500 109) 243,578 9.526| 103,580 189,695 103 382,5 8,330 293,545 372,905 175 269,300 12,387|| 172,931|| 92,665 336 619,121 17,182 609,472 226,731

99.904 2,817 168.813 412,310 26,753| 2 1,929 55

261

1,92 30 2.807 65 12,801) 477 4.580 81 23,418 3,314

2,830

921

39.453

1.160

112

502

412

3,000 27,706

402

110 93,225 5,088 106,897

4,772

201

214 141,533 5,678 114,835

3.0 10 27,705

370

1,955

56)

740

814

8 16,035 683 5,900

2,257 511

370

740

57,261 1,657

99,970

794

1,186 28

1,650 18

51,102 1,878

41,248

1,300

1.700

197 190,887 7,446 319,136 392 13

3,960

79 172,815 6,136 178.751|

27,050

197 190,887 7,445 319,136 791 15

2 1,185 28 1,650 18 80 174,465 6,151 178,75

3,950

27,050

22,547 129,409 27,792 3,319,661 337,237|1,403,804 467,419 19,3746,367,702 355,913|3,359,116|1,623,883|11,726 1,249,301 136,235 31,100 7,617,003 492,178 3,359,116 1,623,833

of Hongkong for each Country in the Year 1895.

TOTAL

WITH CARGOES.

TOTAL.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Shipped.

ker il.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

Cargoes

Bunker Coal.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Bunker Coal.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

450

1,406 26

450

48.800 2,591| 35,060

5.985

...

141 42,042 2,974 15,645 13,200,

2,124 481

18 14,027 904 2,926

...

850

300

612

2 3,388 54 74,237 12,090

750

139

185

23 20,118 701

440

197 118,119 4,944| 80,882

15,328 475

1,240

} 2.155 30 270 26,382 2,394,3|7|294,6941,142,025 49,810 20,6764,568,606 319,0531,513,172 157,154 7,920 450,880 78,076 651

156| 157,742 4,698| 52,750 26,509 112 125,707| 3,469 60,195 20,793 109|| 126,194| 3,239|

49 128,848 6,151| 18,374 16,468 56 143,250 7,535 20,195 18,178 30 73.949 3,163| 40,316 2,470 52 85,690 2,534 58,040 7,885 268 495,874 16,412 320,031 42,385 111 174,797 4,820 51,650 9,939) 207 353,22611,238 244,200 18,204

1,100

1,650 54,814

3,954 167 6,215 2,758 15,985 1,5:0

130

3,252 700

1,406 26

2,776 921

450

50.206) 2,617 35.060 6,435

42,042 2.974 15,645 13,200

901

221

16,803

996

2,926 3,342

130 10,014 28,596 5,019,486 392,129 1,515, 72 16,844 221 251.901| 6,708;

2, 55 30

700 167,168

60 195

37,637

56 143,250 7,335

20.195

18.178

73 949 3,168

40,816

2,470

7,148 114 110 186,146 3,996

880

273 503,022| 16,526 320,031

43.265

6,015

317 589,872 15,234 244,200

24,249

5 6,971 217 3,900 904 408,865 26,286 82,954 139 21

167 61,332 3,301 34,435 217 141,569 5,859 87,797

9 16.743 499

1 1,338 24

2,320 55

510

48,582 1,429)

14 260

5,016 961

38! 68,769 2,065

7,290 86,769

11,560

...

92 88,700 3,272

25.320

9 6,845 138 10,171

100

71 145,614 4,917 177,674|

656 27,698 3,299,988 334,870 1,575,628 143,724,22,798 6,746,734 411,734 2,678,928 343,912 8,218 845,549 82,382

3 1,500 46 92 93.152 3,974) 34,435 229 156,940 6,224 87.797 9 16,743) 499 1,240 3 2,320 55 1,400 98 96.241 3,451 25.320

9 6,845 138 10,171 73 150,316 4,980 177,674

1,560

43,958 31,016 7,592,283 494,116 2,678,928 387,870

23 1

7.203 155 3,001 879 1.361 25 10,767 21 31.820 673 5,070 21,075 12 15,371 365 1,575 1,240 1,560 1,400

1,440

9 14,174 372 927 411,866 26,665||

3,900

3,090

82,954

3,954

167

15,867

22.650

21,485

1,100

7,541

4,702 63

179

1,550

...

23,035

1,100

III-TOTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, AND CARGOES

WITH CARGOES.

BRITISH.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

NAMES

Cargoes.

Car

OF PORTS.

VIS.

Tons. Crews,

Vls.

Tous. Crews. Vis. Tons. Crews.

Vls.

Tons. Crews.

Dis- charged.

Transit.

Dis- charged.

Transit.

Dis- charged.

532.

Aberdeen,

Hunghòm,

Shaukiwán,.

Stanley,

Victoria,

17,326 4,940 7,70

783

14,617 3,687 13,64:

583

22,844 4,571| 12,29:

270 4,691 1.975 3,08:

Yaumáti,.

Total,..

...

•

3,1244,070,588 148,115 1,955,312 1,156,464 184 228,754 6,826 3,308 4,297,342154,941 1,955,312 1,156,464 11,795 2,004,473 167,602 1,177.74! 2,287 233,163 25,053 189,32:

3,1244,070,588|148,115|1,955,312| 1,156,464| 184 220,754 6,826 3,308 4,297,342 154,9411,955,312 1,156,464 16,250 2,297,114,207,828 1,403,80

IV.—TOTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, AND CARGOES

WITH CARGOES.

BRITISH.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

WITH CAR

NAMES

CF PORTS.

Shipped.

Vls. Tons. ¡Crews.

VIs.

Tons. Crews.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

Vis. Tons. Crews.

Vis.

Tons. ¡Crews.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

Aberdeen,

153

6,749 1,309

Hunghòm,

395

22,245 2,919

Shaukiwán,

955

55,104 7,502

Stanley,.

112 4,070 894

Victoria,

3,128, 4,009,473 152,7741,103,300|| 220,844, 190 282,822 6,472

23,302 3,318 4,292,295 159,246 1,103,300 244,146 15,799 2,410,855 222,418

Yaumáti,.

...

2,251 238,240 25,918

Total,

3,128 4,009,478 152,774 1,103,300| 220,844| 190 282,822 6,472 23,802 3,318 4,292,295 159,246 1,103,300 244,146 19,670 2,737,261 258,960

NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, AND CARGOES OF VESSELS ENTERED AT EACH PORT IN THE COLONY OF HONG

FOREIGN.

TOTAL.

Cargoes.

Tons. Crews.

Vis.

Tons. [Crews.

Dis- charged.

Transit.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

WITH

Cargoes.

Vis. Tons. [Crews.

Vis.

Tous. Crews.

Vls.

Tons.

Cri

Transit.

Dis- charged.

28,441 8,397) 7,703

Transit.

41,082 8,204 13,649

12,203

532

17,326

783

14.617

583

22,844

270

4,691

14,919

6,075,061 31.

2.287 233,163 2.

Dis- charged.

532. 17,326 4,940| 7,703 783 14,617 3,687| 13,649 583 22,844 4,571į 12,203 270 4,691 1.975 3,083

1,297,842 154,941 1,955,312 1,156,464 11,795 2,004,478 167,602 1,177.749 467,419

•

2,287 233,163 25,053|| 189,327|

267

11,115 3,457 799 456 26,465 4,517| 1,239 1,667|| 60,361|10,020| 1,650

83,205 14,591

7,545 2,584 3,083

73 2,854 609 343 7,418 717,218 84,862 19,213 2,721,691 251,964 1,177.749 467,419 2,261 204,534 26,444 4,548 437,697 51,497] 189,327|

,297,342 154,941|1,955,312 1,156,464| 16,250| 2,297,114,207,828

281,403,804 467,419 11,542

1,022,547 129,409 27,792 8,819,661 337,257 1,403,804 467,419 19,374 6,367,702) 35

NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, AND CARGOES OF VESSELS CLEARED AT EACH PORT IN THE COLONY OF HONGKO

FOREIGN.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Shipped.

Vis.

Tons. Crews.

Vls.

Tons. ¡Crews.

Vls.

Tons. Crews.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

VIS.

Tons.

Crews.

Vis.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

153 6,749 1,309] 4,402 395 22,245 2,919 21,137 955 55,104 7,502| 48,553 112 4,070 694 3,257

3,318,4,292,295 159,246 1,103,300 244,146 15,799 2,410,855 222,4181,209,099 123,068 3,348 292,23627,777| | 2,251 238,240 25,918 199,180 | 2,325 199,718|27,400|

3,318,4,292,295 159,246 1,103,300 244,146 19,670 2,737,261 258,960 1,575,628 123,068 8,028 562,727 75,910

20,656, 19,147 2,703,089 250,:95 1,299,099 143,724 18,927.

4,570 437,958 51,318 199,180

| 2,251

20,656 27,698 3,299,988 334,870 1,575,628 143,724 22,798 |

641

21,693 7,088

799

844

18,839 5,285

1,239

28,442 8,397 4,402 41,084 8,204

158

21,137|

395

642

26,836 6,685|

1,597

81,940 14,187 48,553

955

228

3,405 1,675

340

7,475 2,569 | 3,257

112

CH PORT IN THE COLONY OF HONGKONG, IN THE YEAR 1895.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOE),

TOTAL.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Cargoes.

Crews.

Vls.

Tobs.

Crews.

Vls.

Tons. Crews.

Vis.

Tons. Crews.

Dis- charged.

Transit.

1)ix- charged.

Dis-

Transit.

charged.

,441 8,397

7,703

532

17.296

4,940)

7,703

207

11,115

3,457

709

28,441

8,397

7,703

,082 8,204

13,649

783

14.017

3,687

13,649

456

26,465

4,517

1,239

41,082

8,204

13.649

,205 14,591

12,293

589

2:44

4,571

12,203

1,067

60,361

10,020

1,650)

83,205

14,591|

12,293

,545 2,584

8,083

270

4.91

1975)

3,083

73)

2,854

609

343

7,545

9.584

3,083

691 251,9641,177.749, 467,419

,697,51,497 189,327;

14,919 2.287

6.075061 315,717 8,188,061| 1,623,883

7,602

943,972

91,188

22,521

7,019,033; 406,905

3,133,061 1,623,883

25,058

180,327]

2,261

204,534 26,444

4,548

437,697 51,497

189.327

3,661 337,237 1,403,804 467,419 19,374 6,307.702 255,943 9,359,116 1,623,883|| 11,726

1,249,301 136,235

31,100|

7,617,003| 492,178 3,359,116,1,623,883

CH PORT IN THE COLONY OF HONGKONG, IN THE YEAR 1895.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

TOTAL.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Shipped.

Inker

oal.

Vls.

Tons. Crews.

Ts.

Tons, Crews.

Vis.

Tons. Crews.

Bunker

Cargoes. Coal

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

Vis.

Tons.

Crews.

Cargoes.

Bunker Coal.

799

28,442 8,397|

4,4012

158

1,239 1,597

41,084 8,204 21,137

395

6,749 1,309 4,402 22,245 2,919 21,137

641

21,693 7,088

844

18,839 5,285|

799 1,239

28,442 8,397)

4 402

41,084 8,204

21,137

81,940 14,187

48,553

955

55,104 7,502

340

7,475 2,509| 3,257

112

4,070

894

48,553 3,257

0,656 19,147 2,703,089,250,195 1,299,099 143,724 18.927 6,420,326 375,192 2,402,599 343,912

...

4,576 437,958 51,318 199,180|

2,251| 238,241 23,918|| 199,180|

642 26,836 6,685| 228 3,405 1,675 3,538 575,058 34,249 2,325| 199,718|27,400|

0,656 27,698 3,299,988 $34,870 1,575,628 143,724 22,798 6,746,734411,7342,678,028|| 343,912 8,218 845,549 82,382

43,958 22.45 6,995,384 409,441 2,402.399 387,870

4,576 437,958 51,318 199,180

43,958, 31,016) 7,592,283,494,116,2,678,928 387,870

1,597

81,940 14,187

48,553

3401

7,475 2,569

3,257

V.-NUMBER, TONNAGE and CREWs of Vessels of each Nation ENTERED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong

in the Year 1895.

161

ENTERED.

NATIONALITY

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

VESSELS.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews. Vessels. Tons.

Crews. Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

American,

71,091

2,204

9,872

191

Austrian,

61,116

1,459

British,

3,124

4,070,588 | 148,115

184

226,754

Chinese,

90,321

3,843

25,432

6,826 1,330

Chinese Junks,

15,211

1,016,156

161,374

11,343

828,549

122,250

51 24 61,116 1,459 3,308 | 4,297,342 |154,941 98 115,753 5,173 26,554 | 1,844,705 283,624

80,963 2,395

Danish,

42,077

2,027

1,546

43,623

2,108

Dutch,

11,596

446

1,302

12,898

471

French,

122

· 165,854

10,993

1,955

123

167,809

11,049

German,

515

634,978

19,831

123

109,833

3,578

638

744,811

23,409

Hawaiian,

1,228

1.228

Italian,

18,846

803

18,846

803

Japanese,

19,959

929

Norwegian,

107

127,203

2,689

22,925

1,177

48,884

2,106

18,166

642

127

145,369

3,331

Russian,

21,244

883

...

21,244

883

Siamese,

Spanish,

Swedish,

145

656

3,844

186

3,844

186

4,945

120

2,967

7,912

199

TOTAL,..

19,374 6,367,702 | 355,943 11,726 1,249,301 136,235 31,100 7,617,003 492,178

VI.-NUMBER, TONNAGE and CREWS of Vessels of each Nation CLEARED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong

in the Year 1895.

CLEARED.

NATIONALITY

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

VESSELS.

Vessels. Tons. Crews. Vessels.

Tons. Crews, Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

American,

Austrian,

69,881 2,120 61,116

7,573

197

1,496

77,454 2,317 61,116

1,496

British,

Chinese,

3,128 92

4,009,473

152,774

190

111,945

4,455

Chinese Junks,

18,615

1,479,751

212,760

7,858

282,822 3,808 359,244

6,472 262

3,318 4,292,295

159,246

115,753

4,717

69,865

26,473

1,838,995 | 282,625

Danish,

42,060

1,994

1,563

43,623 2,054

Dutch,

11,554

545

672

12,226

583

French,

121

165,795 10,906

2,014

123

167,809

10,998

German,

534

642,567

19,503

95,274

2,990

631

737,841

22,493

Hawaiian,

1,228

Italian,

18,928

897

18,928

897

Japanese,

19,598

829

Norwegian,

80,171

2,239

28,222 1,358 63,368 1,026

47,820

2,187

124

143,539

3,265

Russian,

21,244

867

Siamese,

656

Spanish,

3,844

145

:::

21,244

867

656

...

Swedish,.

6,923

163

989

4 ∞

3,844

145

7,912

185

TOTAL,....

22,798 6,746,734 411,734

8,218

845,549 | 82,382

31,016 7,592,283 494,116

162

VII.-Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks ENTERED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong, from Ports on the Coast of China and Formosa, during the Year ending 31st December, 1895.

CARGO..

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- Cargo Ves-

Discharged. gers.

Tons. sels.

East Coast,.

San On Dis- trict, West River, &c., West Coast,

Passen-Ves- gers. sels.

2,639 201,272 | 25,814 812 167,085 556 23,347 6,063 527 3,195 224,619, 31,877

12,096 757,299 125,165 76,304 | 282,349 10,044 755,962107,408 33,547 22,140 1,513,261 232,573 109,651 | 282,349

136 8,432 1,723

23 2,559 482 27,772 5,540

618 36,204 7,263|

36 2,559

Total,... 14,871 967,003 152,702 77,139 451,993 11,082 807,081 119,011 33,887 25,953 1,774,084 271,713 111,026 | 451,993

Tons. Crews.

Passen-

gers.

1,339 | 167,085

Cargo Discharged. Tons.

VIII.-Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Funks CLEARED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong, for Ports on the Coast of China and Formosa, during the Year ending 31st December, 1895.

East Coast,. San On Dis-

trict, West River, &c., West Coast,

Cargo.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves-

Tons. Crews.

sels.

Passen- Cargo Ves-

Shipped. gers. Tons. sels.

Tons. Crews.

L'assen- Ves- gers. sels.

Tons. Crews.

210

1,050 39,133 7,402| 827

15,780 | 2,223 | 172,109|25,247

16,607 1,356,138 190,583 100,396 935,922 5,461 176,165 42,404 100,396|935,922|5,461|176,165|42,404|

370 13,964 3,025 107 9,405 153 9,229 1,946

Total,... 18,027|1,409,235 201,010| 101,330| 961,1077,837 357,503 | 69,597|

Passen- Cargo

Shipped. gers. Tons.

3,273 211,242 32,649 1,037 15,780

5,550 22,068 1,532,303 232,987 105,082 935,922

61 523 23,193 4,971 1,032 9,405

5,821 25,8641,766,738 270,607 107,151 | 961,107

IX.—Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks ENTERED from Macao, during the Year ending 31st December, 1895.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tous. Crews.

Passen- gers.

Victoria,

340 49,153 8,672

Cargo Ves- Discharged.

Tons. sels.

11,895 261 21,468 3,239

Tons. Crews. Passen- Ves- gers. sels.

601

Tons. Crews.

Passen- gers.

Cargo Discharged. Tons.

70,62111,911|

11,895

Total,... 840 49,153 8,672

11,895

261 21,468 3,239

601

70,621 11,911

...

11,895

X.-Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks CLEARED for Macao, during the

Year ending 31st December, 1895.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews. Passen-

gers.

Cargo Ves- Shipped.

Tons, sels.

Tons. Crews.

Victoria,

588

70,516 11,750

54,814 21 1,741 268

Passen- Ves- gers. sels.

609

Tons. Crews.

Passen- gers.

Cargo Shipped. Tons.

72,257 | 12,018|

54,814

Total,...

588 70,516 11,750|

54,814

21 1,741 268

609

72,257 | 12,018

54,814

163

XI.-Grand Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks ENTERED at each Port in the Colony of Hongkong (exclusive of Local Trade), during the Year ending 31st December, 1895.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- Cargo Ves-

Discharged. gers. Tons. sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- Ves-

gers.

sels.

Tons. Crews.]

Passen- Cargo

Discharged. gers.

Tons.

Aberdeen, Hunghom,.

532

17,326 4,940|

783

14,617 3,687

136

Shaukiwán,

583

22,844 4,571

161

5 7,703 267

13,649 12,293 1,067

11,115 3,457

223

799

28,441 8,397 228

7,703

456

26,465 4,517

1,239

41,082 8,204

155

13,649

60,361 | 10,020|

1,650

83,205 14,591

238

12,293

Stanley,..

270

4,691 1,975

Victoria,

10,756

723,515 121,148

76,702

Yaumáti,

2,287 233,163 25,053|

Total,... 15,211 1,016,156 161,374 77,139

343 7,545 2,584 100

3,083 73 2,854 609 237,833 7,219 523,220 77,203 33,313 17,975 1,246,735 198,351 110,015 | 237,833 189,327 2,261| 204,534 | 26,444 243 4,548 437,697 51,497| 290 189,327

463,888 11,343 828,549|122,250 33,887 |26,554 1,844,705 283,624| 111,026 | 463,888

3,083

XII.-Grand Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks CLEARED at each Port in the Colony of Hongkong (exclusive of Local Trade), during the Year ending 31st December, 1895.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- Cargo Ves-

Shipped. gers.

Tons. sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- Ves- gers. sels.

Passen-

Cargo

Tons. Crews.

Shipped.

gers.

Tons.

Aberdeen, Hunghom,

158

6,749 1,309

4,402 641

21,693 7,088

210 799

28,442 8,397

220

4,402

395

22,245 2,919

150

21,137 844

18,839 5,285

1,239

41,084 8,204

205

21,137

Shaukiwán,

955 55,104 7,502

161

48,553 642

26,836 6,685

1,597

81,940 14,187

251

48,553

Stanley,.

112 4,070 894

Victoria,

14,744 1,153,343 176,218 100,767

3,257 228 739,392 3,178

Yaumáti,

2,251 238,240 23,918|| 159

199,180 2,325

3,405 1,675 88,753 21,732 199,718 27,400

340

7,475 2,569

3,257

5,301

17,9221,242,096197,950 106,068

739,392

161

4,576 437,958 51,318 320

199,180

Total,... 18,615 1,479,751 212,760 101,330 1,015,921 7,858

359,244 69,865İ

5,82126,4731,838,995282,625] 107,151 |1,015,921

XIII.-Return of Junks (Local Trade) ENTERED at the Port of Victoria from the Out-stations of the Island and the Villages in British Kaulung, during the Year ending 31st December, 1895.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews.

Cargo Passen-

Ves- Discharged. gers. Tons. sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- Ves- gers. sels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Cargo Discharged. Tons.

Victoria,

3,737 | 145,218 | 45,801|

2,288 126,388 2,071 65,177 | 18,434

4,377 5,808 210,395| 64,235|

6,665 126,388

Total,... 3,737 145,218 45,801 2,288 126,388 2,071 65,177|18,434 4,377 5,808 210,395 64,235 6,665 126,388

XIV.—Return of Junks (Local Trade) CLEARED at the Port of Victoria for the Out-stations of the Island and the Villages in British Kaulung, during the Year ending 31st December, 1895.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Ves- sels.

Tons. Crews.

Crews. Passen-

gers.

Cargo Ves- Shipped.

Tons. sels.

Tons. Crews. Passen- Ves- gers. sels.

Tons. Crews. Passen-

Cargo

Shipped.

gers.

Tons.

Victoria,

2,691 77,923 23,449 3,340 26,046 3,146| 134,509 | 40,889|

454 5,837 212,432 64,338

3,794 26,046

Total,... 2,691 77,923 23,449 3,340 26,046 3,146| 134,509|40,889| 454

5,837 | 212,432 | 64,338|

3,79+

26,046

164

XV.—SUMMARY.

FOREIGN TRADE.

No. of VESSELS.

TONS.

CREWS.

British Vessels entered with Cargoes,.

3,124

4,070,588

148,115

Do.

do. in Ballast,

184

226,754

6,826

Total,.....

3,308

4,297,342

154,941

British Vessels cleared with Cargoes,.

3,128

4,009,473

152,774

Do.

do. in Ballast,

190

282,822

6,472

Total,...

3,318

4,292,295

159,246

Total of all British Vessels entered and cleared,

6,626

8,589,637

314,187

Foreign Vessels entered with Cargoes,

16,250

2,297,114

207,828

Do.

do.

in Ballast,

11,542

1,022,547

129,409

Total,......

27,792

3,319,661

837,237

Foreign Vessels cleared with Cargoes,

19,670

2,737,261

258,960

Do.

do. in Ballast,....

8,028

562,727

75,910

Total,......

27,698

3,299,988

334,870

Total of all Foreign Vessels entered and cleared,...

55,490 6,619,649

672,107

Total of all Vessels entered with Cargoes,...

Do.

19,374

6,367,702

355,943

do. in Ballast,

11,726

1,249,301

136,235

Total of all Vessels entered,......................

31,100

7,617,003

492,178

Total of all Vessels cleared with Cargoes,

Do.

22,798

6,746,734

411,734

do. in Ballast,

8,218

845,549

82,382

Total of all Vessels cleared,..

31,016

7,592,283

494,116

Total of all Vessels entered and cleared with Cargoes,...

Do.

do.

do. in Ballast,

42,172 13,114,436 19,944

767,677

2,094,850

218,617

Total of all Vessels engaged in Foreign Trade only, entered and cleared,

62,116

15,209,286

986,294

LOCAL TRAde.

Total of all Vessels entered,

5,808

210,395

64,235

Do.

cleared,

5,837

212,432

64,338

Total of all Vessels engaged in Local Trade only, entered and cleared,

11,645

422,827

128,573

Total of all Vessels engaged in Foreign Trade only, entered and cleared,

do.

Do.

do.

in Local Trade only,

Grand Total of all Vessels entered and cleared,...

62,116 15,209,286

11,645

986,294

422,827

128,573

73,761 15,632,113 1,114,867

XVI.-RETURN of VESSELS REGISTERED at the Port of Hongkong, during the Year 1895.

Name of Vessel.

Official Number.

Regis- tered Tonnage.

Horse Power.

Rig.

Built of

Where built and when.

Wing Tong, (Str.)...... 95,867

888

Wing Hong, (Str.)...... 95,868 217

383

None

Wood Hongkong, 1894.

40 Schooner Wood Hongkong, 1895.

XVII.-RETURN of REGISTRIES of VESSELS cancelled at the Port of Hongkong, during the Year 1895.

Name of Vessel.

Official

Number.

Regis- tered Tonnage.

Date of

Registry.

Horse Power.

Remarks.

Rig.

Built of

Where built and when.

Reason of Cancellation.

Fokien, (str.)

77,458

509 1883120 Schooner Iron

Aberdeen, 1880.

Sold to Foreigners.

Ardgay, (str.)...... 88,869

1,081 1889 160 Schooner

Steel

Low Walker, 1886. Sold to Foreigners.

William Le Lacheur,... 50,201

573 1890

Barque

Wood Guernsey, 1864.

Sold to Foreigners.

Pekin, (str.)

95,860

118 1892 40 Schooner

Wood Hongkong, 1891.

Lost on the Southern Point

of Meichen Sound.

Hongay, (str.)...... 70,670 1,564 1892 220 Schooner Iron

Middlesbro', 1874.

Sold to Foreigners.

165

166

XVIII. RETURN of CHINESE PASSENGER SHIPS cleared by the Emigration Officer, Hongkong, during the Year ending the 31st day of December, 1895.

No.

DATE CLEARED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

1 January 3 | Sikh, str.

4 Chelydra, str.

5 Bormida, str.

8 Lightning, str. 8 Oceanic, str.

Celebes, str.

9 Azamor, str.

Marquis Barquehem,

str..

17 Kutsang, str.

NATION-

ALITY OF SHIF.

1,736 | British

1,574 1,499 Italian 2,124 British 2,440 1,600 Dutch 2,005 British 2,740 Austrian 1,495 British

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHITHER BOUND.

TOTAL.

J. Rowley

Victoria, B.C.

Tacoma, U.S.A.

R. Cass

Straits Settlements

428 125

E. De Negri

314 134

K. H. Sundberg

281

108

480

578

481

411

W. M. Smith

San Francisco

M. de Wyn

Straits Settlements

P. Gibson

142

G. Wallusching

291

دو

G. H. Bowker

232

23 Empress of China, str.

3,003

R. Archibald

Victoria, B.C.

Vancouver, B.C.

23 Catherine Apcar, str.

1,734

J. G. Olifent

Straits Settlements

153

Gaelic, str.

2,691

Honolulu

W. G. Pearne

161

1218

San Francisco

13 February 2

Wing Sang, str.

1,517

d'A. de Ste. Croix]

Straits Settlements

City of Peking, str..

Bisagno, str........

Maria Valerie, str.

12 | Arratoon Apear, str.

3,129 American 1,499 Italian 2,644 Austrian 1,392 British

E. Barabino

B. Vidas

W. Ward

San Francisco

175

370

334

188

179

117

Straits Settlements

115

121

142

189

J. E. Hansen

333

409

14 Orestes, str.

2,846

J. Pulford

410

415

19 Chelydra, str.

1,574

R. Cass

$19

906

272*** & ***658 8 ****

وو

China, str.

2,401

W. B. Seabury

San Francisco

105

Empress of India, str.

3,003

O. P. Marshall

Victoria, B.C.

Vancouver, B.C.

233

:::

106

297

Ardgay, str.

1,081

D. Smith

Straits Settlements

631

678

Kong Beng, str.

862

B. Pigot

595

629

Lightning, str....

2,124

J. G. Spence

747

857

Belgic, str.

2,695

W. H. Walker

San Francisco

120

122

28 Tacoma, str..............

1,682

R. Crawford

Victoria, B.C.

Tacoma, U.S.A.

27 March

Propontis, str.

1,390

W. H. Farrand

Straits Settlements

788

Kutsang, str.

1,495

G. Payne

605

Japan, str.

2,796

T. Leigh

553

Bormida, str.

1,499 Italian

E. De Negri

722

0000

833

713

610

797

City of Rio de Janeiro, str.

Taichiow, str...

Peru, str.

2,275 American

862 British 2,540 American

J. S. Reid

J. T. Smith

San Francisco

Straits Settlements

390

416

Honolulu

619

D. E. Friele

San Francisco

725

Vindobona, str.

2,688 Austrian

Catherine Apear, str.

1,734 British

Wing Sang, str..

1,517

P. Mersa J. G. Olifent d'A de Ste. Croix

Straits Settlements

700

136

853

828

905

676

794

Oceanic, str......................

2,440

W. M. Smith

1,369

1,431

وو

Empress of Japan, str.

3,003

G. A. Lee

Coptic, str.

2,744

H. St. G. Lindsay

Victoria, B.C. Vancouver, B.C. San Francisco

3C8

413

187

Sikh, str.

1,736

Malacca, str.

2,616

步步

J. Rowley

P. W. Case

Victoria, B.C.

Tacoma, U.S.A.

Straits Settlements

404

Mongkut, str.

859

J. E. Farrell

551

582

Aden, str.....

2,517

R. E. L. Hill

728

769

44 April

2 Azamor, str.......

2,005

H. Nicholls

وو

716

Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

J. E. Hansen

487

151

6 Propontis, str.

1,390

6 Bisagno, str....

1,499 Italian

9 Gaelic, str.

2,691 British

* $5884635 3 8

3 583 3 366888*2 ?

Empress of China, str.

$,003

Gisela, str.

11 Tantalus, str.

وو

16 Chelydra, str.

17 Lightning, str.

17 City of Peking, str.

19 Dardanus, str.

23 Kutsang, str.

1.495

24 Glengarry, str..

1,925

30 China str.

2,401

59 May

1 Empress of India, str.

3,003

1 Nanking, str.

وو

2 Bormida, str. ..

844 Norwegian 1,499 Italian

2 Taichiow, str.

862 British

3 Catherine Apcar, str.

1,734

4 Victoria, str.

1,992

8 Shantung, str.

9❘ Belgic, str.

10 Propontis, str.

1,835 "" 2.695 1,390

10 Melpomene, str.

وو

16 Palamed, str.

Peru, str.

Wing Sang, str.

22 Chow Fa, str.

1,055

22 Empress of Japan, str.

3,003

2,643 Austrian 2,299 British 1,574 2,124

3,129 American 2,846 British

1,848 Austrian 1,501 British

2,540 | American 1.517 British

W. H. Farrand E. Barabino

W. G. Pearne

R. Archibald

A. Mitis W. T. Hannah R. Cass

J. G. Spence W. Ward

T. M. Gregory G. Payne

J. Ferguson

W. B. Seabury

O. P. Marshall

N. Sorensen E. De Negri R. Curtis J. G. Olifent

J. Panton

W. II. Walker J. Warrack E. Mecozzi

D. E. Friele J. Young C. Stonham

G. A. Lee

800

532

201

Honolulu

278

San Francisco

229

177802

812

673

853

618

545

Victoria, B.C.

Vancouver, B.C.

290

349

Straits Settlements

437

106

364

738

447 185

6749

584

415

855

'684

San Francisco

109

...

103

Straits Settlements

766 113

918

648

776

877

992

Honolulu

191

San Francisco

230

468

Victoria, B.C.

Vancouver, B.C.

236

297

Singapore

208

Mauritius

245

Straits Settlements

451 159

479

640

157

*****

483

662

587

843

Victoria, B.C.

Tacoma, U.S.A.

H.C.D. Frampton

Straits Settlements

421

518

San Francisco

241

244

Straits Settleinents

588

652

321 171

528

O. P. Williams

639 125

803

San Francisco

101

Straits Settlements

572

139

754

331

362

Victoria, B.C.

23 Arratoon Apear, str.

1,392

J. E. Hansen

Vancouver, B.C. Straits Settlements

231

184

417 118

572

Carried forward,...... 148,907

Carried forward,...... 30,847 3,723

628 567 35,765

}

RETURN of CHINESE PASSENGER SHIPS cleared by the Emigration Officer, Hongkong,—Continued.

167

No.

DATE CLEARED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION-

ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHITHER BOUND.

TOTAL.

Brought forward,................. 148,907

|Brought forward,.30,847 3,728 628 567

35,765

€8838* 2 ⠀ ⠀ ******** 8 *PENNNN a

75 May

77 June

Coptic, str.

2,744 British

Hector, str.

Chelydra, str.

دو

Bisagno, str..

Taichiow, str.

Marquis Bacquehem, str..

City of Rio de Janeiro, str.

Lightning, str........................

2,826 1,574

1,499 Italian

862 British 2,740 Austrian 2.275 American 2,124 British

H. St. G. Lindsay

J. Hutchinson R. Cass E. Barabino R. Curtis G. Grisagono J. T. Smith

Honolulu

146

249

San Francisco

Straits Settlements

296

336

271

345

254

781

348

207

255

433 104

575

San Francisco

J. G. Spence

Straits Settlements

544

101

666

Victoria, B.C.

Empress of China, str...

3,003

R. Archibald

252

Vancouver, B.C.

220

Achilles, str....

1,488

C. F. Harvey

Straits Settlements

148

Propontis, str.

1,390

J. Warrack

520

576

Gaelic, str.

2,691

W. G. Pearne

San Francisco

222

233

Kutsang, str.

1,495

G. Payne

Straits Settlements

353

452

93 July

Azamor, str..

2,005

H. Nicholls

344

400

Shantung, str.

...

1,835

J. Vaughan

190

207

Polyphemus, str.

1,813

W. Gardner

153

Catherine Apcar, str.

1,734

J. G. Olifent

379

486

Honolulu

City of Peking, str..

3,129 American

196)

W. Ward

256

San Francisco

Letimbro, str.

1,417 Italian

M. Di Marco

Straits Settlements

594

717

Empress of India, str.

3,003 British

O. P. Marshall

Victoria, B.C.

196

Vancouver, B.C.

165

Maria Valerie, str.

Wing Sang, str.

2,644 Austrian 1,517 British

B. Vidos J. Young

Straits Settlements

250

472

198

341

861 13

588

China, str.

2,401

W. B. Seabury

San Francisco

142

}

143

Hupeh, str.

1,846

Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

W. Everist

J. E. Hansen

Straits Settlements

122

152

552 80

682

100

Palinurus, str......................

1,536

T. S. Jackson

122

101

دو

Victoria, str.....

1,992

J. Panton

Victoria, B.C.

Tacoma, U.S.A.

102

Chelydra, str.

1,574

R. Cass

Straits Settlements

782

854

Honolulu

475

103

20 Belgic, str.

2,695

W. H. Walker

£67

San Francisco

}

104

24 Empress of Japan, str.

3,003

G. A. Lee

Victoria, B.C.

172

Vancouver, B.C.

139

105

27 | Lightning, str.

2,124

J. G. Spence

Straits Settlements

676

108

825

106

Peru, str.

108

107 August 2 Kutsang, str.

3Shantung, str.

109

6 Vindobona, str.

2,540 American 1,495 British 1,835

2,688 Austrian

G. Payne

J. Vaughan

D. E. Friele

San Francisco

Straits Settlements

413

465

391

410

C. Bellen

357

104

496

110

Coptic, str.

2,744 British

H. St. G. Lindsay

San Francisco

112

115

111

Machew, str.

112

Catherine Apcar, str.

996 1,734

G. Anderson

Straits Settlements

210

225

J. G. Olifent

422 113

560

113

114

14 Empress of China, str..

16 Bisagno, str..

3,003

R. Archibald

Victoria, B.C.

360

Vancouver, B.C.

273

1,499 Italian

115

17 City of Rio de Janeiro, str.

2,275 American

116

Wing Sang, str.

1,517 British

117

20 Propontis, str.

1,390

118

24 Pyrrhus, str.

2,299

E. Dodero

J. T. Smith

J. Young J. Warrack

H. E. Batt

San Francisco

Straits Settlements Houolulu

235

242

Straits Settlements

324

220

co a co x &

266

824

425

261

207

119

27 | Gaelic, str.

2,691

W. G. Pearne

San Francisco

901

120

27 Arratoon Apear, str.

1.392

J. E. Hansen

Straits Settlements

317

451

121

29 Hupeh, str.

1,846

W. Everist

177

122 Sept.

3 Chelydra, str.

1,574

R. Cass

510

195

621

123

4 Empress of India, str..

3,003

O. P. Marshall

Victoria, B.C.

Vancouver, B.C.

126

124

4 Letimbro, str.

1,417 | Italian

M. Di Marco

Straits Settlements

291

125

Gisela, str.

2,643 Austrian

126

127

City of Peking, str.. Glenavon, str.

3,129 American 1,912 British

A. Mitis W. Ward

E. Norman

236

761

San Francisco

142

251

406

329

Straits Settlements

279

303

128

10 Lightning, str..

2,124

J. G. Spence

295

410

129

13 Diomed, str...

2,776

T. Bartlett

260

دو

260

130

17 Tigris, str.

1,536

J. Kynock

492

561

131

18 | Victoria, str.

1,992

J. Panton

Victoria, B.C.

Tacoma, U.S.A.

Honolulu

481

132

18 China, str...

2,401

W. B. Seabury

715

San Francisco

174

133

19 Myrmidon, str...........................

1,816

R. J. Brown

Straits Settlements

180

134

23 Kutsang, str. ..........

1,495

G. Payne

440

141

550

135

25 Shantung, str. ...

1,835

J. Vaughan

283

310

136

27 Catherine Apcar, str.

1,734

J. G. Olifent

199

288

137

28 Propontis, str.

1,390

J. Warrack

461

487

138 Oct.

2 Empress of Japan, str.

3,003

G. A. Lee

Victoria. B.C.

212

139 140

3 Azamor, str.

2.005

H. Nicholls

Vancouver, B.C. Straits Settlements

1901

231

4 Bisagno, str.....

141

5 Wing Sang, str.

1,499 Italian 1,517 British

142

7 Maria Teresa, str.

143

8 Peru, str.

144

8 Hankow, str.

145

225

10 | Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

146

17 | Coptic, str.

2,744

1,922 Austrian 2,540 American 2,332 British

E. Dodero J. Young V. Gerzmann D. E. Friele

T. M. Orr.

J. E. Hansen

H. St. G. Lindsay

286

173

231

$525

262

366

223

309

San Francisco

121

128

Victoria, B.C.

Tacoma, U.S.Á.

Straits Settlements

448

571

Honolulu

117

264

San Francisco

139

147

17 Hupeh. str.

1,846

148

22 Chelydra, str.

1,574

W. Evarist R. Cass

Straits Settlements

722

69 29 10

839

561 166 201 37

784

Carried forward,.............. 300,373

Carried forward,..... 52,786 6,649 1,19 1,062

61,687

169

RETURN of CHINESE PASSENGER SHIPS cleared by the Emigration Officer, Hongkong,-Continued.

No.

DATE CLEARED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION-

ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS.

CHILDREN,

MASTER'S NAME.

WHITHER BOUND.

TOTAL.

M. F.

Brought forward,.

300,373

Brought forward, |52,786 6,649 1,190 1,062 61,687

149 150

Oct.

22 Loo Sok, str.

26 | City of Rio de Janeiro, str.

1,020 British 2,275 | American

J. B. Jackson

Straits Settlements

244

261

151

26 Tetartos, str....

1,578 German

152

29 Lightning, str.......

2,124 British

J. F. Cattarinich W. A. Dinse J. G. Spence

San Francisco

Straits Settlements

414İ

476

344

107

479

Victoria, B.C.

201

153

Empress of China, str..

3,003

R. Archibald

Vancouver, B.C.

149

...

169

154 Nov.

4 Tigris, str.

155

4 Wuotan, str...

1,536 1,016 German

J. Kynoch A. Ott

Straits Settlements

338

400

Singapore

276

Mauritius

187

156

157

158

5 Letimbro, str.

Kutsang, str.

Gaelic, str.

159

Marquis Bacquehem, str.

160

12 Shantung, str.

161

162

163

164

165

Wing Sang, str.

12 | Shanghai, str.

14 | Catherine Apcar, str.

16 City of Peking, str..

1,417 Italian 2,691 British 1,495 2,740 Austrian 1,835 British

2,044 "" 1,734

3,129 American 1,517 British

G. Payne G. Grisagono

J. Vaughan

M. Di Marco W. G. Pearne

Straits Settlements

359

487

San Francisco

Straits Settlements

268

214 105

213

J. Cowie

157

J. G. Olifent

251

Honolulu

179

922723

337

361

233-

451

187

356

J. T. Smith

225

San Francisco

J. Young

Straits Settle:nents

530 106

Szechuen, str.

1,158

C. Derby

381

166

Amara, str. ........

1,566

D. Smith

172

167

168

169

170 Dec.

China, str.

2,401

W. B. Seabury.

San Francisco

102

1628

Empress of India, str......

3,003

H. Pybus

Victoria, B.C.

Vancouver, B.C.

119

3229

675

486

213

107

123

Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

J. E. Hansen

Straits Settlements

390

281 28

545

3 Victoria, str.

1,992

J. Panton

Victoria, B.C.

14,

33.

Tacoma, U.S.A.

171

Keong Wai, str.

1,115

R. Unsworth

Straits Settlements

271

وو

172

Chelydra, str.

1,574

R. Cass

192

173

Bisagno, str.....

1,499 Italian

174

Maria Valerie, str.

2,644 Austrian

175

Kashing, str.

176

Lightning, str..

177

Tetartos, str.

178

Telamon, str.

179

Peru, str.

180

وو

Shantung, str.

1,158 British 2,124

1,578 German 1,555 British

2,540 American 1,835 British

E. Dodero

A. Fellner

F. Hopkins

J. G. Spence W. A. Dinse

T. Purdy D. E. Friele

231

247

122

132

296

263216

295

262

290

400

151

379

287

296.

San Francisco

H.C. D. Frampton

Straits Settlements

331

181

24 Kutsang, str.

1,495

G. Payne

360

98.

381

494

وو

182

Empress of Japan str.

3,003

G. A. Lee

Victoria, B.C.

...

Vancouver, B.C.

153

161

Honolulu

277

183

Coptic, str.

2,744

H. St. G. Lindsay

11!

379:

San Francisco

184 185

31 Catherine Apcar, str.

1,734

31 | Phra Chom Khao, str..

1,012

J. G. Olifent J. Fowler

Straits Settlements

058

146

851

363

383

TOTAL TONS,..........

370,649

TOTAL PASSENGERS,.

62,130 8,193 1,497 1,318

73,138.

BRITISH.

FOREIGN.

GRAND TOTAL.

SUMMARY.

Adults.

Children.

Adults.

Children.

Adults.

Children.

Total.

M. F.

M. F. M. F.

M. F

M. F.

,, Victoria,

To Honolulu, Sandwich Islands,

Mauritius,

"" San Francisco, U.S.A.,

Straits Settlements,

Tacoma, U.S.A.,

Vancouver, British Columbia,.

2,121 103

...

34 34

Do.,

TOTAL PASSENGERS,

***

...

118 2,964

7501

62 43 2,329 1,236 52 19 21 1,328 3,357,

4321 16 15 2

4651 432 2,413 49 25 9 2,496 832 27

2 863 3,245 42,028 5,801 1,064 879 49,772 9,3042,111 276 362 12,053 51,332 7,012 1,340 1,24!!

118 2,896 750

155

3,657

465

3,359

61,825

118

2,896 750

34 34

2,961

750

50,326 5,987 1,185 931 58,429 11,804 2,206 312 387 14,709 62,130 8,193 1,497 1,318

73,138

Total Passengers by British Vessels,

Total Passengers by Foreign Vessels,..

Excess of Passengers by British Vessels,

50,326 5,987 1,185 931 58,420

11,804 2,206| 812 387 14,709

38,522 3,781 873 544 43,720

XIX. RETURN of VESSELS bringing CHINESE PASSENGERS to the Port of Victoria, Hongkong, from Places out of the Chinese Empire, during the Year ending 31st December, 1895.

169

No.

DATE ARRIVED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION-

ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHERE FROM.

TOTAL..

M. F.

123

1 January

Lightning, str.

2,124 British

Pekin, str.

2,134

Machew, str.

996

Sundberg Langborne Anderson

Straits Settlements

347 16

364

92.

Bangkok"

43.

2 Empress of China, str.

3,003

Archibald

Victoria, B.C.

261

Vancouver, B.C.

203

Honolulu

155

1 67892

3 Oceanic, str.

2,440

Smith

311

San Francisco

132

4 Cheang Hye Teng, str.

923

Scott

Straits Settlements

352 11

10 +

373

5 Devawongse, str.

•

1,057

Perks

Bangkok

96.

6 Loo Sok, str.

1,020

Jackson

6 | Phra Chula Chom Klao, 8.

1,012

9 Teucer, str.

1,803

10 Ceylon, str.

2,637

Choy Sang, str.

1,194

Morris Riley Baker Young

68.

Straits Settlements

329 21

370

529

580

1896

573-

589

Victoria, B.C.

Victoria, str.

1,992

Panton

Tacoma, U.S.A.

14 Kong Beng, str.

862

Pigot

Bangkok

120

South Australia

Queensland

14 Guthrie, str.

1,494

Helms

New South Wales

101

Melbourne

New Zealand

14 Maria Valerie, str.

15 Erato, str.

2,644 Austrian 2,422 German

Vidos

Straits Settlements

680

Ostermann

387

00 10

692.

400-

Tritos, str.

1,085

Cornelsen

Singapore

Mauritius

124

128

Oolong, str.

2,308 British

Allen

Straits Settlements

450

454

Catherine Apcar, str.

1,734

Olifent

413 13

428

18 Darmstadt, str.

3,405 German

Eichel

344 12

360

Phra Nang, str.

1,021 British

Watton

Bangkok

123

19 Gaelic, str.

22 Mongkut, str.

2,691

Pearne

San Francisco

195

859

Farrell

Bangkok

261

22 Pyrrhus, str.

2,299

Batt

Straits Settlements

230

234

Japan, str.

2,796

Woods

21 Glenearn, str.

1,425

Murray

186

202

Queensland

24 Tsinan, str.

1,460

Ramsey

New South Wales

Melbourne

Rio, str.

Wing Sang, str.

1,109 German 1,517 British

Bendixen

Straits Settlements

274

287

Ste. Croix

148

162

29 City of Peking, str.

34 Feb.

Hertha, str..

Ping Suey, str.

29 Empress of India, str.

30 Myrmidon, str.

3,003 3,129 American 1,816 British 2,199 German 1,982 British

Marshall Ward Brown

Vancouver, B.C.

San Francisco

Straits Settlements

62.

Van Binzer

120

123

6 Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

Davies

Hansen

181

186

7 Ghazee, str.

1,764

Ixion, str.

2,299

Bailey Nish

وو

243

251

9 Gerda, str.

11 Glenorchy, str.

2,111 German

1,822 British

Ehlers

465

480

Sommer

317

Honolulu

11 China, str.

2,401

Seabury

142

San Francisco

12 | Phra Chula Cho Klao, s.

1,012

Morris

Bangkok

12 Rohilla, str......................

2,175

Henning

Straits Settlements

26.

Vindobona, str.

Chelydra, str.

Nam Yong, str.

15 Oanfa, str.

"""

15 Prinz Heinrich, str.

2,688 Austrian 1,574 British

984 1,970 4,200 German

Mersa

Cass

619

466

Hector

702

Davies

454

Engelbast

421

22030

640

486

707

60 00

10 O

502

466

South Australia

Queensland

16 Catterthun, str.

1,406 British

Shannon

New South Wales

Melbourne

New Zealand

16 Cheang Hock Kian, str....

956

Kuuath

Straits Settlements

621

625

19 Aden, str......

2,517

21 Malacca, str.

2,616

Hill Case

615

621

290

w w

313

Belgic, str.

2,695

Walker

San Francisco

22 Lightning, str.

23 Mongkut, str.

2,124

859

Spence Farrell

Straits Settlements

726

774

Bangkok

26 Machew, str.

996

Anderson

27 Dardanus, str..

28 Kut Sang, str.

28 Oceana, str.

28 Empress of Japan, str.

March 1 Bormida, str..

38*686882

2 Cheang Chew, str.

2 Tai Lee, str.

4 Devawongse, str.

2,846 1,495 1.628 German 3,003 British

1,499 Italian 1,213 British

828 German 1,057 British

Behrens Lee

De Negri Webb Calender Rokes

Gregory

Straits Settlements

519

A เง

75.

534

Bowker

442

310

355

Vancouver, B.C.

Straits Settlements

100-

785

832

Medan, Sumatra

185

194

Bangkok

4 Azamor, str.

2,005

5 Catherine Apcar, str..

1,734

5 Chow Fa, str.

1,055

Nicholls Olifent Stonham

Straits Settlements

320

486

2218

53.

340

571

Bangkok

5 Peru, str.

6 Macduff, str.

2,540 American 1.882 British

Friele

San Francisco

Thomson

Straits Settlements

164

182.

6 Manila, str.

2,711

Lendon

300

320-

South Australia

Queensland

6 Menmuir, str.

1,287

Craig

New South Wales

281

Melbourne

New Zealand

Carried forward..

132,939

Carried forward.. 17,870 551

194 89

18,704

170

RETURN of VESSELS bringing CHINESE PASSENGERS to the Port of Victoria, Hongkong,-Continued.

No.

DATE ARRIVED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION- ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHERE FROM.

TOTAL.

F. M.

Brought forward.

132,939

24426

72 March 8 Glengarry, str.

1,925 British

9 Tantalus, str.

2,299

Ferguson Hannah

Brought forward... 17,870 551 Straits Settlements

194 89

18,704

144 20

167

431 12

454

9 Siam, str.....

1,589

Andrews

9 | Phra Chula Chom Klao, S.

1,012

Morris

Bangkok

12 Deuteros, str.

1,198 German

Dinse

Queensland

12 Changsha, str...

1,463 British

New South Wales

Anderson

Melbourne

New Zealand

*** * **B*8B

Wing Sang, str.

1,517

Ste. Croix

Straits Settlements

374

117

526

Niobe, str.

1,440 German

Pfaff

210

216

Gisela, str.

2,643 Austrian

Mitis

396

Honolulu

14 Oceanic, str.

2,440 British

Smith

***

San Francisco

173

Bayern, str....

3,435 German

Schmolder

Straits Settlements

483

Nam Yong, str.

984 British

Hector

740

Phra Nang, str.

1,021

Watton

Bangkok"

18 Tai Cheong, str.

828 German

Duhme

Arac Bay, Sumatra

Sarpedon, str.

2,838 British

Jackson

Straits Settlements

467

Queensland

475

:::

517

760

New South Wales

497

21 Chingtu, str.

1,459

Innes

Melbourne

New Zealand

Mongkut, str.

859

Farrell

Bangkok

:::

.་

Lina....

461 German

Albrecht

Honolulu

Priok, str.

1,637

Madsen

Straits Settlements

390

26 Hong Leong, str.

1,171 British

Fripp

137

26 Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

Hansen

705

2762

445

147

749

27 | Phra Chom Klao, str.

28 Machew, str.

Donar, str.

28 Empress of China, str.

1,015 German

3,003 British

Fowler

Anderson Grundmann

1,012

Bangkok

...

996

370

Archibald

Victoria, B.C.

...

Vancouver, B.C.

30 Bombay, str.

2,048

Sleeman

Straits Settlements

248

274

30 Bisagno, str.

1,499 Italian

Barabino

125

99 April

1 Cheang Hock Kian, str....

956 British

Kunath

524

554

100

1 Glenogle, str.

2,399

Gasson

375

385

101

Gaelic, str.

2,691

Pearne

San Francisco

152

102

Tai Lee, str.

828 German

Calender

Medan, Sumatra

10 O

164

103

זי

Devawongse, str.

1,057 British

Perkes

Bangkok

46!

104

2 Palamed. str.

1,501

Williams

Straits Settlements

160

105

•

Cheang Chew, str.

1,213

106

3 Benvenue, str.

1,468

Webb Sarchet

423

722

170

487

South Australia

107

3 Airlie, str.

1,492

Queensland

Ellis

New South Wales

New Zealand

108

4 Chelydra, str.

1,574

Cass

Straits Settlements

540

568

109

5 | Phra Chula Chom Klao, s

1,012

Morris

Bangkok

110

8 Loo Sok, str.

1,020

Jackson

111

9 Normandie, str.

628 Norwegian

Berg

112

9 Polyphemus, str.

1,813 British

Chubb

Straits Settlements

410

South Australia

Queensland

113

10 Tai Yuan, str.

1,459

Nelson

New South Wales

Melbourne

New Zealand

114

115

116

117

118

Hector, str.

119

Frigga, str.

120

Nam Yong, str.

10 Lightning. str.

11 City of Peking, str.

11 Velocity,

11 Preussen, str.

3,129 American

491 British 3,585 German 2,826 British 1,295 German

984 British

2,124

Spence Ward

Straits Settlements

584

Nii

San Francisco

Martin

Honolulu

108 12

732

614,

120

...

Hagemann

Straits Settlements

215

Hutchinson

402

Voss Hector

214

245

121

Phra Nang, str.

1,021

Watten

Bangkok

122

Jens Meinich, str.

123

17 Kut Sang, str..........

446 Norwegian 1,495 British

Tafte

Payne

Straits Settlements

370

124

17 Melpomene, atr.

1,848 | Austrian

Mecozzi

270

: -

305

125

17 Taicheong, str.

828 German

126

Kong Beng, str.

862 British

127

Energia, str.

2,064

Duhme Pigot Law

Arac Bay, Sumatra Bangkok

...

Straits Settlements

100

128

19 Canton, str...

2,044

Cubbitt

362

♡♡

103

...

397

19.

129

20 Victoria, str.

1,992

Panton

Tacoma, U.S.A.

130

22 | Phra Chom Klao, str.

1,012

Fowler

Bangkok

131

22 Glengyle, str.

2,244

McGillwray

Straits Settlements

Honolulu

132

22 China, str.

2,401

Seabury

185

San Francisco

99 12

133

23 Empress of India, str..

3,003

Marshall

Vancouver. B.C.

134

24 Priam, str.

1,803

Jackson

Straits Settlements

335

368

South Australia

135

24 Guthrie, str.

1,494

Helms

Queensland

New South Wales

136

25 Singapore, str.

137

25 Amigo, str.

138

25 Bormida, str. ............................

748 771 German 1,499 Italian

Main

Bangkok

Bruhn

De Negri

Straits Settlements

160

139

26 Ulysses, str.........

2,299 British

La Page

173

140

27 Catherine Apcar, str..

1,734

Olifent

694

.་

276

175

190

796

141

30 Belgic. str.

2,695

Walker

San Francisco

106

110

142 May

1 Devawongse, str.

1,057

Perkes

Bangkok

126

143

2 Shanghai, str................

2,044

Crawford

Straits Settlements

121

Carried forward.................... 249,072

Carried forward..

31,777 1,183

416 223

33,599

RETURN of VESSELS bringing CHINESE PASSENGERS to the Port of Vietoria, Hongkong,—Continued.

CHILDREN.

171

No.

DATE ARRIVED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION- ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS.

MASTER'S ΝΑΜΕ.

WHERE FROM.

TOTAL.

M. F.

Brought forward

249,072

144 May 145

Brindisi, str.

2,129 British

Peters

Brought forward... 31,777 1,183 Straits Settlements

416 223

33,599

184

188

2 Benlomond, str.

1,752

McIntosh

2531 20

273

Queensland

146

Tsinan, str.

1,460

Ramsay

New South Wales

Melbourne

147

3 Phra Chula Chom Klao, s.

1,012

Williamson

Bangkok

6.8

148

Kriemhild, str.

1,709 German

Forck

Straits Settlements

240

270

149

Cheang Chew, str.

1,213 British

Webb

855 51

945

150

4 Deuteros, str.

1,198 German

Lassen

Bangkok

1101

110

151

6 Hohenzollern, str.

3,285

Winchel

Straits Settlements

185

152

Wing Sang, str.

1,517 British

Ste. Croix

368

: 10

460

153

Angers. str.

2,077

Bannister

120

130

154

Ching Wo, str.

2,517

Gray

103

121

155

9 Tamarind, str...

739 Norwegian

Castberg

Bangkok

156

10 Machew, str.

996 British

Anderson

165

157

158

159

160

Glenfarg, str.

11 Loo Sok, str. 13 Braemar, str. 14 Formosa, str.

2,350

Selby

1,020

Jackson

Straits Settlements Bangkok

269

294

841

2,316

Porter

Straits Settlements

2,616

Bishop

251 17

161

Nam Yong, str.

984

Hector

719 16

162

Marquis Bacquehem, str.

2,740 Austrian

Grisogono

400

163

Empress of Japan, str.

3,003 British

Lee

Vancouver, B.C.

164

Agamemnon, str.

1,491

Steeves

Straits Settlements

269

276O4+

104

278

743

464

280

165

Azamor, str.

166

Chow Fa, str.

2,005 1,055

Nicholls

Stonham

Bangkok

177

167

Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

Hansen

Straits Settlements

370 17

168

169

170

Aglaia, str.

1,556 German

Petersen

295

Coptic, str.

2,744 British

Honolulu

132

Lindsay

San Francisco

21 00 00 +

396

350

262

Decima, str.

171

22 Phra Nang, str.

965 German 1,021 British

Christiansen

Bangkok

Watton

172

22 Sikh, str.

1,736

Rowley

Tacoma, U.S.A.

173

22 Glamorganshire, str.

1,843

Vyvyan

Straits Settlements

209

174

23 Kong Beng, str.

862

Pigot

Bangkok

220

South Australia

Queensland

175

25 Catterthun, str.

1,406

Shannon

New South Wales

Melbourne

New Zealand

176

25 Hong Leong, str.

1,171

Fripp

Straits Settlements

901 24

177

25 Kaisow, str....

2,526

Long

692

178

27 Bisagno, str.

1,199 Italian

Barabino

413

952

746

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

187

188

J.:

189

190

191

192

193

194

186 June

27 Oscarshal, str..

28 Chelydra, str.

28 Glenesk, str.

29 Lawang, str.

30 Taichiow, str. 31 Deuteros, str. 31 Palinurus, str...

Java, str.

1 Cheang Chew, str.

1 Normandie, str.

Phra Chula Chom Klao, S.

4 Nestor, str.

Prinz Heinrich, str.

City of Rio de Janeiro, str.

5 Empress of China, str.

6 Lightning, str.

764 Norwegian

1,574 British 2,275

1,012 British

4,200 German

2,275 American 3,003 British

Smith

Reichborn

Bangkok

Cass Webster

Straits Settlements

350

380

218

...

1,637 German

Formes

183

862 British

Curtis

Bangkok

801

1,198 German

Lassen

1,536 British

Jackson

Straits Settlements

246

2,632

Tillard

152

1,213

Webb

616

797

272

161

684

628 Norwegian

Berg

Bangkok

Williamson

101

2,417

Asquith

Straits Settlements

185

Engelbast

179

673

41-9

115

202

San Francisco

...

Archibald

Vancouver, B.C.

195

6 Devawongse, str.

196

7 Machew, str.

197

Keemun, str.

2,124 1,057 996 1,985

Spence

Straits Settlements

535

591

Perkes

Bangkok

110

Anderson

Castle

Straits Settlements

233

198

Gaelic, str.

2.691

Pearne

San Francisco

199

11.

Nam Yong, str. ...

984

Hector

Straits Settlements

767

10 GO

102

787

200

Maria Valerie, str.

2.644 Austrian

Vidos

311

201

Benledi, str.

1,481 British

Farquhar

225

202

19.

Loo Sok, str.

1,020

Jackson

Bangkok

South Australia

Queensland

203

13 Changsha, str....

1,463

Anderson

New South Wales

125

•

Melbourne

New Zealand

204

13 Kut Sang, str.

205

Erato, str.

1,495 2,422 German

Payne

Straits Settlements

321

353

Ostermann

111 21

143

206

19 Catherine Apcar, str.

1,734 British

Olifent

443 46

5.00

207

19 Telamon, str.

1,555

208

Ceylon, str.

2.637

209

Singapore, str.

748

Purdy Baker Main

210 16

234

300

380

Bangkok

217

233

210

Phra Nang, str.

211

20 Wuotan, str.

212

213

22 Cheang Hock Kian, str. 22 Hong Leong, str.

1,021 1,016 German 956 British

Chichester

140

•

Ott Kunath

Straits Settlements

455

161

162

1,171

Fripp

298

૫

309

Honolulu

214

22 City of Peking, str.

3,129 American

Ward

136

San Francisco

215

24 Argyll, str.

1,886 British

Ward

Straits Settlements

143

co co

CT CT

170

216

24 Radnorshire, str.

217

24 | Phra Chom Klao, str.

1,889 1,012

Davies

100

Fowler

Bangkok

South Australia

-218

པ

24 Menmuir, str.

1,287

Craig

Queensland

...

New South Wales

New Zealand

...

Carried forward.....

376,606

Carried forward..

48,185 1,929

710 434

51,258

172

RETURN of VESSELS bringing CHINESE PASSENGERS to the Port of Victoria, Hongkong,—Continued.

No.

DATE ARRIVED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION- ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS. CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME,

WHERE FROM,

TOTAL.

M. F

M. F.

Brought forward..

376,606

Brought forward... 48,185 1,929

710 434

51,258

219 June

Ning Chow, str.

1,735 British

220

Empress of India, str..

3,003

221 222

China, str.

2,401

Warrall Marshall Seabury

Straits Settlements

180

Vancouver, B.C.

104

San Francisco

Letimbro, str.

223

Orestes, str.

224

28 Wing Sang, str.

1,417 Italian 2,846 British

1,517

Di Marco Pulford

Straits Settlements

243

140

Young

241

225

28 Hertha, str.

2,199 German

Hilderbrandt

329

0427

226

29 Benalder, str.

1,959 British

Thomson

227

29 Glenfruin, str..

1,892

Darke

10 10 N Go

113

258

146

Com

308

340

228

29 Taichiow, str.

862

Curtis

Bangkok

Queensland

New South Wales

229

29 Chingtu, str.

1,459

Innes

Melbourne

New Zealand

230

July

1 Devawongse, str.

1,057

Perkes

Bangkok

231

Japan, str.

2,796

Leigh

Straits Settlements

201

232

Bayern, str.

3,435 German

Schmolder

195

218

226

233

234

235

3 Machew, str.

996 British

Anderson

Bangkok

Cheang Chew, str.

1,213

Webb

Straits Settlements

867

75 920

Mongkut, str.

859

Farrell

Bangkok

351

236

6 Victoria, str.

1,992

Panton

Tacoma, U.S.A.

237

8 Chwnshan, str.

1,282

Stovell

Bangkok

238

8 Pyrrhus, str.

2,299

Batt

Straits Settlements

185 16

239

8 Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

Hansen

551

10 m

210

602

240

9 Nanking, str.

844 Norwegian

Sorensen

Mauritius

175

180

241

Belgic, str.

2,695 British

Walker

San Francisco

242 243

Nam Yong, str.

984

Hector

Straits Settlements

557 17

578

11 Vindobona, str.

2,688 Austrian

Bellen

178

191

South Australia

Queensland

244

11 Airlie, str.

1,492 British

Ellis

New South Wales

Melbourne

New Zealand

245 246

247

248

249

12 Oopack, str........... 12 Gerda, str.

13 Chelydra, str.

Loo Sok, str.

15 Deuteros, str.

2,517 2,111 German 1,574 British 1,020

Sommer

Straits Settlements

Ehlers Cass

216

266

en co to

222

303

Jackson

Bangkok

1,198 German

Lassen

103

250

15 Glenavon, str.

1,912 British

Norman

Straits Settlements

213

240

251

16 Chow Fa, str.

1,055

Williamson

Bangkok

252

16 Empress of Japan, str.

3,003

Lee

Vancouver, B.C.

253

254

17 Amigo, str.

18 Cheang Hock Kian, str....

771 German

Hundewadt

Bangkok

62!

255

19 Phra Nang, str.

1,021

256

Peru, str.

257

Framnes, str.

258

Mogul, str.

956 British

2,540 American

958 Norwegian

2,354 British

Kunath

Straits Settlements

593

637

Watton

Bangkok

Friele

San Francisco

Wettergreen

Bangkok

Scotland

Straits Settlements

409 12

259

Lightning, str.

2,124

Spence

260

23 Diomed, str.

2,776

Bartlett

261

Oceana, str........

1,628 German

Behrens

668 59 268 16 369.

2967

430

732

296

400

262

26 Bengloe, str.

1,933 British

Thomson

118

263

27 Kut Sang, str......

1,495

264

29 Bisagno, str.

1,499 Italian

Payne Dodero

317

111

7377

140

342

123

Honolulu

265

30 Coptic, str.

2,744 British

Lindsay

San Francisco

162

102

266

30 Taicheong, str.

828 German

Duhme

Aroe Bay, Sumatra

South Australia

Queensland

267

31 Guthrie, str.

1,494 British

Helms

New South Wales

225

Melbourne

New Zealand

268

31 Devawongse, str.

269 Aug.

1 Aden, str.

1,057 2,517

Perkes Hill

Bangkok

195

Straits Settlements

267 13

287

270

1 Preussen, str.

271

2 Hong Leong, str.

3,585 German 1,171 British

Hogemann

Fripp

776 37

850

272

3 Glenorchy, str.

1,822

Sommers

416 31

506

273

6 Catherine Apcar, str....

1,734

Olifent

431 13

454

274

6 Myrmidon, str.

1,816

Brown

126

127

275

6 Brindisi, str.

2,129

Peters

276

Mongkut, str.

859

Farrell

Bangkok

Victoria, B.C.

277

6 Empress of China, str.

3,003

Archibald

Vancouver, B.C.

278

279

280

281

282

Ixion, str.

283

Nam Yong, str.

281

Gisela, str.

7 City of Rio de Janeiro, str.

8 Oolong, str.

8 Bellona, str.

9 Phra Chula Chom Klao, S.

2,275 American 2,308 British

2,663 German 1,012 British

984 2,643 Austrian

Hector Mitis

Smith Conradi

San Francisco

Straits Settlements

261

649

293

Von Binzer

2,299

Pigot Nish

Bangkok

Straits Settlements

438

15.

218

♡ w

455

244

285

Deuteros, str.

1,198 German

Lassen

Bangkok

114!

114

286

13 Wing Sang, str.

1,517 British

Young

Straits Settlements

293

14 16

བཡྻ

370

287

15 Nan Chang, str.

1,063

Finlayson

Bangkok

Queensland

288

16 Tsinan, str.

1,460

Ramsay

New South Wales.

Melbourne

231

289

16 Tantalus, str.

2,299

Hannah

Straits Settlements

251

290

16 Glenearn, str.

1,425

Murray

424

291

16 Cheang Hock Kian, str..

956

292

16 Gaelic. str.

2.691

293

17 Chow Fa, str.

1,055

Carried forward......... 510,972

Kunath

Pearne Williamson

Carried forward..

471:

San Francisco Bangkok

132

857

437

10 2

499

143

62,530 2,610

958 588 66,686

RETURN of VESSELS bringing CHINESE PASSENGERS to the Port of Victoria, Hongkong,—Continued.

173

}

No.

DATE ARRIVED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION- ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHERE FROM.

TOTAL.

Brought forward...... 510,972

294 Aug.

Framnes, str.

958 Norwegian

295

Manila, str.

2,711 British

296

Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

Wettergreen Haddock Hansen

Brought forward... 62,530| 2,610 Bangkok Straits Settlements

958 688

66,686

396 20

431

348 19

370

297

20 Cheang Chew, str.

1,213

Webb

645 17

682

298

22 Keong Wai, str.

1,115

Unsworth

Bangkok

299

23 Glenshiel, str.

2,240

Jones

Straits Settlements

390

300

24 Azamor, str..

2,005

Nicholls

111

to co

410

121

301

24 | Phra Chom Klao, str.

1.012

Fowler

Bangkok

302

Phra Nang, str.

1,021

Watton

303

Cheang Hye Teng, str.

923

Scott

Straits Settlements

377

301

Afridi, str.

2,354

Golding

305

27 Niobe, str.

306

307

27 Chelydra, str.

27 Empress of India, str.

3,003

308

Lothair.....

309

Oldenburg, str.

310

Letimbro, str.

311 Sept.

City of Peking, str.

1,440 German 1,567 British

794 Italian 3,405 German 1,417 Italian

3,129 American

Jaeger

167

Cass

400

387

180

413

Marshall Cafranga Heintze

Vancouver, B.C.

151

Callao, Peru

Straits Settlements

174

Di Marco

4 5

202

Honolulu'

Ward

100

San Francisco

312

2 Devawongse, str.

1,057 British

Perkes

Bangkok

136

313

3 Machew, str.

314

China, str.

996 2,401

Andersen

Seabury

San Francisco

134

152

315

5 Mongkut, str.

859

Farrell

Bangkok

316

5 Lightning, str.

2,124

317

5 Dardanus, str..

2,846

Spence Gregory

Straits Settlements

698 38

325 17

318

5 Wuotan, str.

319

7 Bombay, str.

320

9 Benlarig, str.

1,016 German 2,048 British

1,453

Ott

745

}}

Sleeman

156

1423

757

346

764

...

160

Wallace

118

321

9 Frigga, str.

1,295 German

Voss

180

200

322

9 | Phra Chula Chom Klao, S.

1,012 British

Pigot

Bangkok

South Australia

323

321 325

12 Changsha, str.

1,463

Anderson

Queensland

New South Wales

Melbourne

Ping Suey, str.

1,982

Davies

Straits Settlements

92 4

Maria Teresa, str.

1,922 Austrian

Gherzmann

488 15

326

Kut Sang, str.

1,495 British

Payne

365

327

14 Monmouthshire, str.

1,871

Evans

100

328

Cheang Hock Kian, str.....

956

329

330

331

Glaucus, str.

1,373

Chow Fa, str.

1,055

Loo Sok, str.

1,020

Kunath Reay Williamson Jackson

419

40726

100

516

386

106

431

104

Bangkok

332

Framnes, str.

333

Victoria, str.

ป

334

Nam Yong, str.

984

958 Norwegian 1,992 British

Panton Hector

Wettergreen

Tacoma, U.S.A.

Straits Settlements

253

255

Victoria, B.C.

335

Empress of Japan, str.

3,003

Lee

218

Vancouver, B.C.

188

336

18 Hong Leong, str.

1,171

Fripp

Straits Settlements

256

337

19 Menelaus, str.

2,771

Towell

563 17

537

292

600

338

Canton, str.

2,014

Cubith

115

};

339

Cheang Chew, str.

1,213

Webb

561

608

340

Glengyle, str.

2,244

341

Catherine Apcar, str.

1,734

McGillioray Olifent

650 59

727

342

Keng Wai, str.

1,115

343

25 Devawongse, str....

1,057

Unsworth Perkes

Bangkok

401

344

25 Palamed, str.

1,501

345

346

347

28 Kriemhild, str.

348

349

26 Karlsruhe, str...

28 Priam, str.

28 Peru, str.

30 Phra Nang, str.

3,450 German

Williams Wettin

Straits Settlements

288 12

315

多多

1,803 British

Jackson

460

478

1,709 German

Forck

334

350

2,540 American

Friele

San Francisco

1,021 British

Watton

Bangkok

350

وو

30 Wing Sang, str.

1,517

Young

Straits Settlements

408

351

30 Formosa, str.

352

30 Bisagno, str.

353

30 Taicheong, str.

2,616 1,499 Italian

828 German

Bishop

178

∞ to

:༠ལ

483

183

Dodero

Duhme

Aroe Bay, Sumatra

South Australia

354

30 Menmuir, str.

1,287 British

Craig

Queensland

New South Wales

Melbourne

355 Oct.

2 Sarpedon, str.

2,828

Jackson

Straits Settlements

355

356

3 Cheang Hye Teng, str.

923

Scott

268

357

3 Shanghai, str.

2,044

('owie

412

227

GO TO 10

377

283

434

358

3 Singapore, str.

748

Main

Bangkok

359

3 Mongkut, str.

859

Morgan

360

5 Machew, str.

996

Farrell

361

5 Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

Hansen

Straits Settlements

419

45 16

480

362

7 Tai Yuan, str..

1,459

Nelson

New South Wales

Victoria, B.C.

363

8 Empress of China, str.

3,003

Archibald

185

364

8 Coptic, str.

2,744

严重

365

8 Lennox, str.

2,361

Lindsay

Williamson

Vancouver, B.C. San Francisco

134

149

155

Straits Settlements

366

9 Dante, str.

1,302 Dutch

Schall

409

410

367

10 Loo Sok, str.

1,020 British

Jackson

Bangkok

368

10 Deuteros, str.

369

11 Aglaia, str.

370

371

12 Miike Maru, str...

12 Marquis Bacquehem, str..

1,198 German 1,556 2,054 Japanese 2,740 Austrian

Lassen

Madsen

Straits Settlements

Brown Grisogono

54464

47 3

364

540 20

396

579

South Australia

372

12 Chingtu, str.

1,459 British

Innes

Queensland

New South Wales

Carried forward............... 643,658

Carried forward.................

78,923 3,191 1,235 718

84,007

174

RETURN of VESSELS bringing CHINESE PASSENGERS to the Port of Victoria, Hongkong,-Continued.

No.

DATE ARRIVED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION- ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHERE FROM.

TOTAL.

Brought forward......

613,558

Brought forward... 78,923 3,191 1.235

718

84,067

373 Oct. 14

Velocity,

491 British

374

Cheang Hock Kian, str.

956

Martin Kunath

Honolulu

236 12

260

Straits Settlements

612 24

664

375

14 Glengarry, str.

1,925

Ferguson

1251

128

376

15 Chelydra, str.

1,567

Cass

231

331

377

15 Oanfa, str.

1,970

378

15 Hector, str. ................

2,826

379

Chow Fa, str.

1,055

Davies Barr Williamson

160

180

390

404

Bangkok

380

Framnes. str. ......

958 Norwegian

Wettergreen

381

16 Sunda, str.

382

16 | Java, str.

2,987 British 2,632

Gordon

Straits Settlements

Tillard

383

17 Taichiow, str.

862

Curtis

Bangkok

252

384

385

99.

Tacoma, str.

1,662

Crawford

Victoria, B.C.

Tacoma, U.S.A.

Tailee, str.

828 German

Emke

Medan, Sumatra

116

386

Benlawers, str.

1,484 British

Webster

Straits Settlements

387

388

389

Cheang Chew, str.

1,213

Webb

847 36

923

Prinz Heinrich. str.

4,200 German

Schmolder

342

City of Rio de Janeiro, str.

2,275 American

Smith

San Francisco

391

South Australia

Queensland

390

22 | Airlie, str.

1,492 British

Ellis

New South Wales

Melbourne

New Zealand

391

392

24 Lightning, str.

2,124

Spence

Straits Settlements

598

702

Keong Wai, str.

1,115

Weatherell

Bangkok

130

393

Devawongse, str.

1,057

Bracter

394

Verona, str.

1,876

395

28 Repton, str.

1,852

396

Wuotan, str.

1,016 German

Tocque Jack Ott

Straits Settlements

238

379

397

Gaelic. str.

2,691 British

398

Rio, str.

1.109 German

Pearne Bendixen

San Francisco

271

Straits Settlements

421

399

Ulysses, str...

2,299 British

Lapage

166

2244

391

280

441

185

400

Moyune, str.

3,016

Kemp

159

170

401

31 Malacca, str.

2,616

Case

402

Kut Sang, str..

1,495

Payne

508

545

403

Letimbro, str..

1,417 Italian

Di Marco

286

300

401 Nov.

Hiroshima Maru, str..

405

Irene, str.

2,207 German

406

4 Oscarshal, str.

407

Nam Yong, str...........

2,031 Japanese

764 Norwegian 984 British

Anderson

Schmider

163

171

Richborn

Bangkok

Hector

Straits Settlements

489

514

Victoria, B.C.

408

6 Empress of India, str......

3,003

Pybus

332

Vancouver, B.C.

272

喇

409

City of Peking, str.

3,129 American

Trask

San Francisco

South Australia

...

Queensland

410

པོ

7 Guthrie, str.

1,494 British

McArthur

New South Wales

Melbourne

New Zealand

...

411

9 Catherine Apcar, str.......

1,734

Olifent

Straits Settlements

680

760

412

14 Cheang Hock Kian, str...

956

Kunath

539

623

413

14 Machew, str.

996

Farrell

Bangkok"

414

16 | Phra Chom Khao, str.

1,012

Fowler

415

16 Wing Sang, str.

1,517

Young

Straits Settlements

360

416

Maria Valerie, str.

2.644 Austrian

Fellner

653

400

653

417

Albingia, str.

1,190 German

Witt

591

418

18 Agamemnon, str.

1,491 British

Steeves

10 10

603

419

18 Zweena, str.

941

Nesbett

270

420

18 Glenogle, str.

421

18 Pakling, str.

2.399 2,875

Gasson

106

02 00

278

114

Allen

145

422

Ceylon. str.

2,637

Baker

423

Erato. str.

2,422 | German

Ostermann

160 10 190

424

Pakhoi, str.

1,248 British

Quail

3061

وو

Honolulu

246 40

1228

171

200

327

425

China, str.

2,401

Seabury

770

San Francisco

454

...

426

Loo Sok, str. ....................

427

20 Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,020 1,392

Jackson Hansen

Bangkok

Straits Settlements

342

370

428

Preussen, str.

429

Martha, str................

430

Sultan, str. .....................................

431

22 Chow Fa, str.

432

22 Framnes, str.

433

25 Victoria, str...

3,585 German 1,419

1,351 Norwegian 1,055 British

958 Norwegian 1,992 British

Panton

Hagemann

482

...

Schupp Rafen

106

Bangkok

Williamson Wettergreen

Victoria, B.C.

34)

Tacoma, U.S.A.

...

434

Hong Leong, str.

1,171

435

บ

25 Glenfarg, str.

2,350

Fripp Selby

Straits Settlements

441 11

464

South Australia

...

Queensland

341

436

25 Tsinan, str.

1,460

Ramsay

New South Wales

Melbourne

New Zealand

437

Keong Wai, str.

1,115

Unsworth

Bangkok

438

Telamon, str.

1,555

Purdy

Straits Settlements

292 17

309

439

28 Mazagon, str.

3,280

Denny

186

187

440

28 Azamor, str..................................

2.005

441

29 Japan, str.

2,796

Nicholl Leigh

250 10

260

195

201

442

30 Chelydra, str.

443

30 Ching Wo, str.

444 Dec.

445

446

2 Cheang Chew, str.

2 Bisagno, str.

3 Empress of Japan, str.

Carried forward...

1,567 2,517 1,213

Cass

352

368

Gray

305

322

1,499 Italian

Webb Dodero

416 11

441

107

3,003 British

Lee

Vancouver, B.C.

431

777,102

Carried forward..

96,375 3,766 | 1,526

856

102,523

RETURN of VESSELS bringing CHINESE PASSENGERS to the Port of Victoria, Hongkong,-Continued.

175

No.

DATE ARRIVED.

SHIP'S NAME,

TONS.

NATION- ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHERE FROM.

TOTAL.

M. F. M. 1.

Brought forward...... 777,102

Brought forward.....] 96,375| 3,766 |1,526 856

102,523

447❘ Dec.

Rio, str.

448

Hertha, str.

449

7 Devawongse, str.

450

9 Lightning, str.

451

Nam Yong, str.

452

Amigo. str.

1,109 German 2,199 1,057 British 2,124

984

771 German

Hector

Davidsen Hildebrandt

Straits Settlements

250

419

438

Perkes

Bangkok

149

Spence

Straits Settlements

702

149

745

363

370

Hemmet

Bangkok

453

Benledi, str.

1,481 British

Farquhar

Straits Settlements

454

Deuteros, str.

1,198 German

455

Peru, str.

2,540 American

Lassen Friele

San Francisco

317

359

456

12 Mongkut, str.

859 British

457

Aden, str......................

2,517

458

Dante, str.

1,302 Dutch

Morgan Hill Schall

Bangkok

Straits Settlements

321 62

299

388

307

459

Achilles, str.

1,488 British

460

Vindabona, str.

2,688 Austrian

Harvey Bellen

676

South Australia

•

461

462

13 Changsha, str.........

1,463 British

Williams

Queensland

133

New South Wales

Melbourne

14| Gerda, str.

2,111 German

Ehlers

Straits Settlements

961

463

16 Sishan, str.

845 British

Murphy

...

464

16 Cheang Hock Kian, str....

956

Kunath

492

519

465

16 Kaisow, str...................

2,529

Warrall

466

16 | Machew, str.

996

Farrell

Bangkok

...

467

16 Victoria, str.

989 Swedish

Hellberg

468

Kut Sang str.

1,495 British

Payne

Straits Settlements

473

469

Orestes, str.

2,846

Pulford

396

333

498

407

470

Glenesk, str.

2,275

Webster

471

Loo Sok, str.

1,020

Jackson

Bangkok

...

Honolulu

156

472

Coptic, str.

2,744

Lindsay

San Francisco

392

} 568

...

473

20 Sachsen, str.

3,432 German

Supmer

Straits Settlements

609

474

20 Albingia, str.

1,190

Witt

3591

च

647

369

475

21 Oscarshal, str.

764 Norwegian

Rickborn

Bangkok

476

Sultan, str.

1,351

Rafen

477

Tailee, str.

828 German

Emke

Medan, Sumatra

478

Hankow, str.

2,332 British

Orr

Tacoma, U.S.A.

147

479

24 Chowfa, str...............

1,055

Williamson

Bangkok

480

25 Catherine Apcar, str..

1,734

Olifent

Straits Settlements

548

481

27 | Brindisi, str.

2,129

Peters

233

}}

482

27 Palawan, str.

2,996

Gadd

MON

609

264

105

South Australia

Queensland

483

27 | Menmuir, str.

1,287

Craig

New South Wales

Melbourne

New Zealand

...

484

28 Keong Wai, str.

1,115

Unsworth

Bangkok

100

100.

435

28 Hong Leong, str.

1,171

486

29 Ning Chow, str.

1,735

Fripp Harris

Straits Settlements

373

200

400

213

Honolulu

281

487

29 Asloun, str.

1,854

488

29 | City of Rio de Janeiro, str.

2,275 American

489

29 Letimbro, str.

1,417 Italian

490

30 Pyrrhus, str.

2,299 British

491

31 Martha, str...

492

31 Glenartney, str.

493

31 { Phra Nang, str.

1,021

1,419 German 1,944 British

Murray

Russell

Di Marco Batt Schupp Gedye Watton

Victoria, B.C.

Portland, Oregon

241

San Francisco

195

199

Straits Settlements

521

901

146

152

Bangkok

TOTAL TONS.................

855,036

TOTAL PASSENGERS.

106,086 4,087 1,615 897

112,685

BRITISH,

FOREIGN.

GRAND TOTAL

SUMMARY.

Adults.

Children.

Adults. Children.

Adults.

Children.

Total.

M. F. M. F.

M. F M. F

11.

From Aroe Bay and Medan, Sumatra,.

600 8 7

...

Bangkok, Siam,.

5,731

75,768 1,325

615 1,328

600

7,056

17 7

Callao, Peru,

Honolulu, Sandwich Islands,

1,295

29 1,445 189

194

1,484

45 31

615 7,096 59 1,639

Mauritius,

299

***

304

299

804

Melbourne,

274

1 279

274

New South Wales,.........................

464

477

464

279

477

New Zealand Ports,

141

...

141

Portland, Oregon,

241

Queensland Ports..........

421

434

San Francisco, U.S.A.,....

2,901

38 3,082 1,159 41

South Australian Ports,

146

1 148

Straits Settlements,

67,289 3,098 |1,082

.93

Tacoma, U.S.A.,

Vancouver, British Columbia,

411 2,014

626 72,095 21,065 715 343 161 22,284

417

Victoria, British Columbia,..

279

14 1

11 2,073

280

TOTAL PASSENGERS,...... 81,390 3,315 | 1,239 719 86,663 24,696 772 376 178 26,022 106,0864,087 |1,615 | 897|| 112,685

;3;:;:;

15 1,238

421 4,060

434

146 88,354 3,813 |1,425

121 1

86 53

4,320

787

411

2,014 34

4 14 11

148 94,379 417

2,073

279

...

Total Passengers by British Vessels,

Total Passengers by Foreign Vessels,

Excess of Passengers by British Vessels,

81,390 3,3151,239 719 86,663

24,696 772 376 178 26,022

56,694 2,543 863 541

60,641

176

XX.-RETURN of MARINE CASES tried at the MARINE MAGISTRATE'S COURT, during

the

year

1895.

NATURE OF CHARGE.

No. of Cases.

No. of De-

fendants.

DEFENDANTS HOW DISPOSED OF.

Fined.

Dismissed.

Amount of Fines.

Absent from Ship without leave,...... Assault,

Condition of Licence-Breach of (Junk),

Desertion,.

Disorderly Behaviour,..

23120

co -

10.00

ප:

Drunkenness,

3.00

Harbour Regulations-Breach of (Junk),

45.00

Harbour Regulations-Breach of (Steam-launch),

15.00

Leaving without Clearance (Junk),.

80.00

Obstruction of Fairways,

71.50

Plying for hire without a Licence (Boat),

167.00

Refusal of duty,.

Wilfully remaining behind,

Total,

131

391.50

Head of Receipt.

XXII.-STATEMENT of the REVENUE collected in the Harbour Department, during the Year 1895.

1. Light Dues, Ordinance 26 of 1891,......................

2. Licences and Internal Revenue not otherwise specified :---

Chinese Passenger Ship Licences, Ordinance 1 of 1889, Emigration Brokers Licences, Ordinance 1 of 1889,

Fines,

Junk Licences, &c., Ordinance 26 of 1891,......

Amount.

cts.

107,315.91

325.00

1,000.00

391.50

31,534.50

Steam Launch Licences, &c., Ordinance 26 of 1891,

1,228.50

3. Fees of Court or Office, Payments for specific purposes and

Reimbursements-in-aid :-

Cargo-boat Certificates, Ordinance 26 of 1891,

1,951.00

Discharge of Crews and Seamen, Ordinance 26 of 1891, Examination of Masters and Engineers of Launches, Ordi-

8,622.00

nance 26 of 1891,

100.00

Examination of Masters, Mates and Engineers, Ordinance

26 of 1891,

1,920.00

Gunpowder, Storage of, Ordinance 26 of 1891, Medical Examination of Emigrants, Ordinance 1 of 1889, Printed Forms, Sale of, Harbour Regulations and Tide Tables, Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for, Ordinance 26 of 1891, Registry Fees (Merchant Shipping Act), Ordinance 26 of 1891, Shipping Crews and Seamen, Ordinance 26 of 1891, Steam Launches, Surveyor's Certificates, Ordinance 26 of

23,114.52

21,612.25

282.50

2,640.00

249.00

9,716.40

1891,

Survey of Steam Ships, Ordinance 26 of 1891, Sunday Cargo-Working Permits, Ordinance 6 of 1891,.

1,575.00

9,240.21

11,600.00

Total,..

234,418.29

XXIII.—RETURN of WORK performed by the GOVERNMENT MARINE SURVEYOR'S Department.

1887,

153 101

1888,

161

1889,

130

1890,.

112

1891,

108

1892,

122.

1893,

136

1894,.

124

1895,....

102

Years.

Passenger Certificate and

Inspection of

Bottom.

Tonnage for CONCELLO Emigration.

Registration.

British Tonnage.

Foreign Vessels. Certificate for

Crew space,

Inspection of

Lights and

Markings.

Minor Inspec-

tion.

Survey of Licen-

Steam-launches. sed Passenger

Survey of

Construction.

Inspection of

Government

Launches.

Examination of Engineers.

Examination of

neers for Steam- Chinese Engi-

launches.

Estimated total number of visits in

connection with Fore- going Inspection.

121

930

1,042

1,127

986

1,615

1,678

1,659

116

1,364

1,452

Remarks.

TONS.

8,000,000

7.900,000

7,800,000

7,700,000

7,600,000

7,500,000

7,400,000

7,300,000

7,200,000

7,100,000

7,000,000

6,900,000

6,800,000

6,700,000

6,600,000

6,500,000

6,400,000

6,300,000

6,200,000

6,100,000

6,000,000

5,900,000

5,800,000

5,700,000

5,600,000

5,500,000

5,400,000

5,300,000

5,200,000

5,100,000

5,000,000

4,900,000

+,800,000

4.700,000

XXI-DIAGRAM of Tonnage entered at Hongkong, fro

RED LINE represents British Shipping Tonnage only. BLUE LINE represents Foreign Shipping Tonnage only GREEN LINE represents British and Foreign Shipping YELLOW LINE represents Junk Tonnage only, excludi.

THICK BLACK LINE represents entire Trade in Britis

1867.

1868.

1869.

1870.

1871.

1872.

1873.

1874.

1875.

1876.

1877.

1878.

1879.

1880.

1881.

1882.

1883.

1884.

red at Hongkong, from 1867 to 1895, inclusive.

Shipping Tonnage only.

n Shipping Tonnage only.

sh and Foreign Shipping Tonnage.

ik Tonnage only, excluding Local Trade.

nts entire Trade in British and Foreign Ships and Junks.

1878.

1879.

1880.

1881.

1882.

1883.

1884.

1885.

1886.

1887.

*8381

1889.

1890.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

TONS.

8,000,000

7,900,000

7,800,000

7,700,000

7,600,000

7,500,000

7,400,000

7,300,000

7,200,000

7,100,000

7,000,000

6,900,000

6,800,000

6,700,000

6,500,000

6,400,000

6,300,000

6,200,000

6,100,000

6,000,000

5,900,000

5,800,000

5,700,000

5,600,000

5,500,000

5,400,000

5,300,000

5,200,000

5,100,000

5,000,000

4,900,000

4.800,000

4,700,000

177

4.700,000

4,600,000

4,500,000

4,400,000

4,300,000

4,200,000

4,100,000

4,000,000

3,900,000

3,800,000

3,700,000

3,600,000

3,500,000

3,400,000

3,300,000

3,200,000

3,100,000

3,000,000

2,900,000

2,800,000

2,700,000

2,600,000

2,500,000

2,400,000

2,300,000

2,200,000

2,100,000

2,000,000

1,900,000

1,800,000

1,700,000

1,600,000

1,500,000

1,400,000

1,300,000

1,200,000

1,100,000

1,000,000

900,000

800,000

700,000

600,000

500,000

400,000

300,000

4,500,000

4,400,000

4,300,000

4,200,000

4,100,000

4,000,000

3,900,000

3,800,000

3,700,000

3,600,000

3,500,000

3,400,000

3,300,000

3,200,000

3,100,000

3,000,000

2,900,000

2,800,000

2,700,000

2,600,000

2,500,000

2,400,000

2,300,000

2,200,000

2,100,000

2,000,000

1,900,000

1,800,000

1,700,000

1,600,000

1,500,000

1,400,000

1,300,000

1,200,000

1,100,000

1,000,000

900,000

800,000

700,000

600,000

500,000

400,000

300,000

XXIV.-IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OFFICE.

179

IMPORTS.

MALWA.

PATNA.

BENARES.

PERSIAN.

TURKISH.

TOTAL.

chests.

1894,...

10,910

18.314

7,252

5,092

41,578

1895,.

10,494

15,892

6,491

3,717

36.6093

Increase,.

...

Decrease,

415

2,422

761

1,375

4,973

EXPORTS.

MALWA.

PATNA.

BENARES.

PERSIAN.

TURKISH.

TOTAL.

chests.

chesis.

chests.

1894,.

10,196

17,320

€,857

4,556

89,978

1895,...

10,348

15,608

6,658

3,607

36,241

Increase,.....

151

Decrease,

1,712

199

949

2,889.

Through Cargo reported in Manifests, but not landed, {

1894, 1895,..

22,986 chests.

16,190

Decrease,...

6,795

NUMBER OF PERMITS, &c. ISSUED.

Landing Permits,

1894. 533

1895.

Increase.

Removal Permits,

.10,879

389 9,545

Decrease.

144

...

Export Permits,

7,537

6,931

Permits to Chinese Customs' Station, Sam-shui-poo, Memo. of Exports to the Commissioner of Chinese

Customs, Kowloon, .....

207

169

1,384 693 33

535

546

...

By Steamers to Amoy,

British Columbia,. British North Borneo, Bunder Abbas,

Bushire,.

Canton,

Chefoo,

Foochow,

Formosa,

Haiphong,

•

Hankow,

Hoihow,

Macao,...

Mazatlan,

Pakhoi,

Philippine Islands,.

Shanghai,

Straits Settlements,

Swatow,

Timor,

SUMMARY OF EXPORTS, 1895.

Malwa Patna Benares Persian Turkish Chests. Chests. Chests. Chesis. Chests.

By Junks to various adjacent Ports in China,....

TOTAL,

Total Chests.

Total

in piculs.

ឧត្ត

10 1,545 307

718

2,364

2,692.95

307

368.4

30.

4.1

11.275

1,012

3,156

926

5,094

5,910.4

1,985

1,064

139

199

3,387

16. 3,633.075

2,556

2,653

2,786.1

100

120.

5885

103.4

201

3,570

10 00

233

274.2

3,608

4,325.6

3.6

110

120

144.

245

139

384

460.8

4,961

5,573

2,909

214

1,942

1,243

454

395

13,466

15,163.475

284

3,666

329.025 4,006.075

237

174

2 414

2. 449.9

10,348

15,608 6,658 3,607

36,241

40,784.375

The information in column 7 above is on the following assumption:-

Patna and Benares per chest,.....

Malwa and Turkish

Persian per chest,

1.20 piculs.

.1.

.1.025

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 1.

TUESDAY, 11TH FEBRUARY, 1896.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR

(Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.).

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary and Registrar General, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART

LOCKHART).

the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRED COOPER).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police, (WILLIAM CHARLES HOLLAND

HASTINGS, R.N.).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to summons.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 14th December, 1895, were read and confirmed. NEW MEMBER.Mr. POLLOCK, Acting Attorney General, took the Oath of Allegiance on his appointment ex-officio to a seat in the Council.

PAPERS.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers :-

1. Report on the Widows' and Orphans' Fund for 1895.

2. Report of the Acting Superintendent Fire Brigade for 1895.

3. Reports of the Head Master of Queen's College and of the Examiners appointed by the

Governing Body for 1895.

4. Report of the Acting Superintendent Victoria Gaol for 1895.

5. Amended Statement of Assets and Liabilities for 1894.

6. Amended Statement of Revenue and Expenditure for 1894.

FINANCIAL MINUTE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minute, and moved that it be referred to the Finance Committee:-

C.S.O.

3269 of 1895.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Seven thousand Dollars, ($7,000), for the construction of a new Steam Launch for the Health Officer of the Port.

Government House, Hongkong, 24th January, 1896.

SANITARY BYE-LAWS.-The Colonial Secretary laid on the table certain Bye-laws made by the Sanitary Board on the 3rd December, 1895, and 16th January, 1896, under sub-section 11 of section 13, and sub-section 4 of section 13 of Ordinance 24 of 1887, respectively, and moved that they be adopted.

The Acting Attorney General seconded.

Mr. CHATER addressed the Council in respect of the latter Bye-law. Question-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED

AN ORDINANCE TO PREVENT DOUBTS AS TO THE VALIDITY OF DJCUMENTS HERETO- FORE SEALED WITH THE SEAL OF THE COLONIAL COURT OF ADMIRALTY OF HONGKONG."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED

((

AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND AND CONSOLIDATE THE LAW RELATING TO FACTORS." The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED

"AN ORDINANCE FOR CODIFYING THE LAW RELATING to the Sale of Goods." The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED 66 AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE PRACTICE AS TO THE VACATING OF THE REGISTRA- TION OF A LIS PENDENS."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED 66 AN ORDINANCE TO PROVIDE FOR THE EXTRADITION OF FUGITIVE CRIMINALS FROM THE TERRITORY OF THE BRITISH NORTH BORNEO COMPANY."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded. Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED

AN ORDINANCE FOR THE INCORPORATION OF THE PRESIDENT IN HONGKONG OF THE BASEL EVANGELICAL MISSIONARY SOCIETY."-Mr. CHATER moved the first reading of the Bill.

Mr. WHITEHEAD seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED

AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE LAW AS TO CERTAIN MONEYS PAID INTO THE SUPREME COURT OR TO THE REGISTRAR THEREOF."-Council still in Committee on the Bill.

JURY LIST 1896.-The Council then proceeded to consider the Jury List for 1896 in private. The List was duly revised, in accordance with section 8 of Ordinance 18 of 1887. ADJOURNMENT.--The Council then adjourned until Tuesday, the 3rd March, 1896.

Read and confirmed this 10th day of March, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY, Acting Clerk of Councils.

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 2.

TUESDAY, 10TH MARCH, 1896.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR

(Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.).

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary and Registrar General, (JAMES HALDANE STEwart

LOCKHART).

the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (Alexander MacDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRED COOPER).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police, (WILLIAM CHARLES HOLLAND

HASTINGS, R.N.).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to summons, the meeting fixed for the 3rd March having been postponed until Tuesday, the 10th March, 1896.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 11th February, 1896, were read and confirmed. NEW MEMBER.-Dr. Ho KAI, took the Oath of Allegiance on his re-appointment to a seat in the Council.

PAPERS.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers :-

1. Report of the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police for 1895.

2. Returns of the Superior and Subordinate Courts for 1895.

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated 11th February, 1896, (No. 1), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

REPORT OF THE PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE.-The Director of Public Works laid on the table the report of the Public Works Committee, dated 11th February, 1896, (No. 1), and moved that the projects for the construction of Water Works at Aberdeen and Shaukiwan be adopted.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

NOTICE OF QUESTIONS.-Mr. WHITEHEAD gave notice that at the next meeting of Council he would ask the following questions

Will the Government lay upon the table a statement showing the total cost of the administration or the expenditure of the Government under the head of salaries, including allowances, pensions, exchange compensation, &c., for the year 1895?

Will the Government lay upon the table a copy of the papers or correspondence between the Colonial Government and the Home Authorities and all other documents, including the reports or written opinions of the unofficial members, in connection with and on the subject of the Sanitary Board and its reconstruction?

(

BILL ENTITLED “AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE PUBLIC HEALTH ORDINANCE, 1887,' WITH REGARD TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE SANITARY BOARD."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Mr. WHITEHEAD moved that the first reading of the Bill be postponed for a month.

Dr. Ho KAI seconded.

Amendment-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED

AN ORDINANCE to amend AND CONSOLIDATE THE LAW RELATING TO THE REGIS- TRATION OF Births and Deaths."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED CC AN ORDINANCE TO PREVENT doubts as to THE VALIDITY OF DOCUMENTS Hereto- FORE SEALED WITH THE SEAL OF THE COLONIAL COURT OF ADMIRALTY OF HONGKONG."-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED 66

AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND AND CONSOLIDATE THE LAW Relating to FACTORS.'

The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendments.

BILL ENTITLED

"AN ORDINANCE FOR CODIFYING THE LAW RELATINg to the Sale of Goods.”-

The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendments.

BILL ENTITLED 66 AN ORDINANCE to amend THE PRACTICE AS TO THE VACATING OF THE REGISTRA- TION OF A LIS PENDENS."-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED CO AN ORDINANCE TO PROVIDE FOR THE EXTRADITION OF FUGITIVE CRIMINALS FROM THE TERRITORY OF THE BRITISH NORTH BORNEO COMPANY."-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill. The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED " AN ORDINANCE FOR THE INCORPORATION OF THE PRESIDENT IN HONGKONG OF THE BASEL EVANGELICAL MISSIONARY SOCIETY."-Mr. CHATER moved the second reading of the Bill.

Mr. WHITEHEAD seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

Mr. CHATER moved the third reading of the Bill.

Mr. WHITEHEAD seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED

pass.

"6 AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE LAW AS TO CERTAIN MONEYS PAID INTO THE SUPREME COURT OR TO THE REGISTRAR THEREOF. "-Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed.

ADJOURNMENT.--The Council then adjourned until Tuesday, the 24th March, 1896.

Read and confirmed this 2nd day of April, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY, Acting Clerk of Councils.

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 3.

THURSDAY, 2ND APRIL, 1896.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR

(Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.).

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary and Registrar General, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART

LOCKHART).

the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (Francis Alfred Cooper).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police, (WILLIAM CHARLES HOLLAND

HASTINGS, R.N.).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to summons, the meeting fixed for the 24th March having been postponed until Thursday, the 2nd April, 1896.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 10th March, 1896, were read and confirmed. PAPERS.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers :-

1. Papers respecting the Reconstitution of the Sanitary Board.

2. Statement of Expenditure on Account of Salaries, Pensions and Exchange Compensation

1895.

3. Statement of Disbursements for Forestry Works in the Years 1897 and 1898.

4. Statement of Water Account to 31st December, 1895.

5. Financial Returns for the Year 1895.

FINANCIAL MINUTE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minute and moved that it be referred to the Finance Committee:-

C.S.O.

591 of 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to re-vote the following sums:-

1. $2,215.40, being the unexpended balance of the vote of $6,000 for the erection of

the statue of Her Majesty The QUEEN.

2. $1,464.99, being the unexpended balance of the vote of $5,000 for additional

Quarters at the Central Police Station.

Government House, Hongkong, 14th March, 1896.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

SANITARY BYE-LAW.-The Colonial Secretary laid on the table an Amended Bye-law made by the Sanitary Board on the 26th day of March, 1896, under section 13 of Ordinance 15 of 1894, and moved that it be approved.

The Acting Attorney General seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

MOTION.-The Colonial Secretary moved as follows:-

That the Council having considered the Statement of the Superintendent of the Botanical and Afforestation Department resolves that it is expedient to incur the liability proposed to be incurred in 1898.

Statement showing Disbursements for Forestry Works in the years 1897 and 1898, for which contracts have been already made, and those for which contracts now require to be made.

To be disbursed in 1897.

To be disbursed in 1898.

Estimated total cost.

APPROVED BY LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, (C.S.O. No. 1818.)

1. Rearing Trees to be planted in 1897,.................

900.00

2. Planting Trees being reared under No. 1,.................

1,100.00

•

Contracts to be now made which require approval:-

3. Rearing and Planting Trees in 1898,......

2,000.00

4,000.00

2,000.00

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded. Question-put and agreed to.

CHARLES FORd,

Superintendent,

Botanical and Afforestation Department.

QUESTIONS.-Mr. WHITEHEAD, pursuant to notice, asked the following questions :-

Will the Government lay upon the table a statement sluncing the total cost of the administration or the expenditure of the Government under the head of salaries, including allowances, pensions, exchange compensation, &c., for the year 1895?

Will the Government lay upon the table a copy of the papers or correspondence between the Colonial Government and the Iome Authorities and all other documents, including the reports or written opinions of the unofficial members, in connection with and on the subject of the Sanitary Board and its reconstruction?

The Colonial Secretary replied.

MOTION. Mr. WHITEHEAD gave notice that at the next meeting of Council he would move the following resolution :-

That the Government lay upon the table copies of all letters or communications from the Governor or from any Officer of the Government addressed to the Senior Unofficial Member with a view to obtain from him and from his colleagues any expression of opinion on the subject of the Sanitary Board, copies of the correspondence between the Colonial Government and the Home Authorities, copies of the correspondence and reports in connection with the Sanitary Board in the time of Governor Sir William Des Voeux, and Administrator (now) Sir Francis Fleming, and all other documents bearing on the question.

NOTICE OF QUESTIONS.-Mr. WHITEHEAD gave notice that at the next meeting of Council he would ask the following questions:-

Has the attention of the Government been directed to the account in the "Daily Press" of 16th ultimo of the insanitary state of things during the recent fatal disease amongst the cattle ut Pokfulam, and will the Government obtain from the Sanitary Board and the Government departments concerned and lay upon the table a complete and detailed statement of the actual position of matters from day to day, as well as a copy of the correspondence between the Government and the Dairy Farm Co., Limited, together with the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon's reports for 1888 and 1889, also the report by the Hon. the Surveyor General, the Hon. O. Chadwick, and Mr. Ladds referred to in his (Mr. Ladds) report dated 12th January, 1891?

Will the Government inform the Council what steps have been taken or are proposed to be taken to secure the immediate services of a Veterinary Surgeon, and is it the intention of the Government to provide in future against the contingency of the Veterinary Surgeon going on leave? Will the Government inform the Council the cause of delay in taking steps to obtain by public competition plans and designs for the proposed new Government offices, including the Post Office, the Supreme Court, &c., us directed some time ago by the Governor?

BILL ENTITLED “AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF LEE SHEW ()."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED C AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND AND CONSOLIDATE THE LAW RELATING TO THE CARRIAGE AND POSSESSION OF ARMS AND AMMUNITION."-His Excellency appointed the following Committee to consider and report on the draft Bill:-

Honourable Acting Attorney General (H. E. POLLOCK), Chairman.

Honourable Harbour Master.

Honourable Acting Captain Superintendent of Police.

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Honourable Ho KAI.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO PROVIDE FOR THE ISSUE OF SEARCH WARRANTS IN THE CASE OF SUSPECTED COINAGE OFFENCES."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to,

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED" AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE BUILDINGS ORDINANCE, 1889 '."-The Acting Attorney Generál moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

The Acting Attorney General moved the suspension of the Standing Rules and Orders. The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO SUPPLEMENT THE PROVISIONS OF THE LICENSING CONSOLIDA- tion Ordinance, 1887 '."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND AND CONSOLIDATE THE LAW RELATING TO THE REGIS- TRATION OF BIRTHS AND DEATHS."-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

The Colonial Secretary moved that it be referred to the Law Committee.

The Acting Attorney General seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED CC

AN ORDINANce to amend AND CONSOLIDATE THE LAW RELATING TO FACTORS.”- The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put that this Bill do

pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED

AN ORDINANCE FOR CODIFYING THE LAW RELATING TO THE Šale of GoodsS." The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED

AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE LAW AS TO CERTAIN MONEYS PAID INTO THE SUPREME COURT OR TO THE REGISTRAR THEREOF."-Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendments.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do

pass.

Bill passed.

ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned until Friday, the 17th April, 1896.

Read and confirmed this 8th day of July, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY, Acting Clerk of Councils.

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 4.

WEDNESDAY, 8TH JULY, 1896.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR

(Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.).

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary and Registrar General, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART

LOCKHART).

the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRED COOPER).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police, (WILLIAM CHARLES HOLLAND

HASTINGS, R.N.).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

HO KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to summons.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 2nd April, 1896, were read and confirmed.

His Excellency the Governor laid on the table Papers on the subject of a Petition addressed to the House of Commons praying for an amendment of the Constitution of the Crown Colony of Hong- kong, and addressed the Council.

PAPERS.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers :-

1. Harbour Master's Report for 1895.

2. Report of the Postmaster General for 1895.

3. Returns of Superior and Subordinate Courts for 1895.

4. Report of the Law Committee upon a Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend and consolidate

the Law relating to the Registration of Births and Deaths.

5. Report of the Director of Public Works for 1895.

6. Report of the Superintendent of the Botanical and Afforestation Department for 1895. 7. Reports on the Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

8. Report on the Water Supply of the City of Victoria and Hill District.

9. Report on Plague.

10. The Acting Colonial Surgeon's Report for 1895.

11. Sanitary Superintendent's Report for the year 1895.

12. The Educational Report for 1895.

13. Registrar General's Report for 1895.

14. Amended Financial Returns for the year 1895.

15. Report of the Committee appointed to enquire into the question of Flogging in Victoria

Gaol.

16. Report of the Committee appointed to enquire into the condition of British Trade in

Hongkong.

17. The Blue Book for 1895.

FINANCIAL MINUTE.-His Excellency the Governor withdrew Financial Minute No. 3.

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 2nd April, 1896, (No. 2), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

REPORT OF THE LAW COMMITTEE.-The Acting Attorney General laid on the table the report of the Law Committee on the Registration of Births and Deaths Bill.

QUESTIONS.-Mr. WHITEHEAD, pursuant to notice, asked the following questions :-

obtain from the Sanitary Board and the Government departments concerned and lay upon the table a complete and detailed statement of the actual position of matters from day to day, as well as a copy of the correspondence between the "Government and the Dairy Farm Co., Limited, together with the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon's reports for 1888 and 1889, also the report by the Hon. the Surveyor General, the Hon. O. Chadwick, and Mr. Ladds referred to in his (Mr. Ladds) report dated 12th January, 1891?

Will the Government inform the Council the cause of delay in taking steps to obtain by public competition plans and designs for the proposed new Government offices, including the Post Office, the Supreme Court, &c., as directed some time ago by the Governor?

Does the Government intend to take any action for the reconstruction of the Sanitary Board in accordance with the opinion expressed by the British members of the community at the ballot taken on the 16th day of May last, the result of which was duly reported to the Government by Mr. N. J. Ede?

Will the Government lay upon the table a statement showing:--(1) the cost of the construction of

the Gap Rock Lighthouse, and the cost of laying down the cable connecting Gap Rock with Hongkong; (2) the total cost of maintenance of the light and the cable to the 30th ultimo; and (3) the total proceeds of the special Gap Rock Lighthouse rate, imposed for the specific purpose of reimbursing the Government the cost of the Gap Rock light and the connecting cable, from the date it was levied to 30th ultimo?

The Colonial Secretary replied.

MOTION.-Mr. WHITEHEAD, pursuant to notice, moved the following resolution :—

Dr. Ho KAI seconded.

Discussion ensued:

Mr. WHITEHEAD, with His Excellency's permission, withdrew the motion.

NOTICE OF QUESTION.-Mr. BELILIOS gave notice that at the next meeting of Council he would ask the following question:-

Referring to the fire that took place recently on board the British barque" Glen Caladh," is there, as if I mistake not was the case on the old Police hulk, a look-out for signals for aid afloai maintained at Tsimshatsui Police Station? If not, why has the system been abandoned? BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE LAW RELATING TO WIDOWS' AND ORPHANS' PENSIONS."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDINANCE TO AUTHORISE THE APPROPRIATION OF A SUPPLEMENTARY Sum OF ONE MILLION TWO THOUSAND TWO HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-FIVE DOLLARS AND SEVEN Cents to DEFRAY THE CHARGES OF THE YEAR 1895."-The Acting Colonial Treasurer moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded. Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDINANCE TO MAKE BETTER PROVISION FOR THE SALE OF Food and Drugs IN A PURE STATE."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time,

BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDINANCE TO REGULATE THE ADMIRALTY PROCEDURE OF THE SUPREME COURT."--The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE MARRIAGE ORDINANCE, 1875'."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded. Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED (6

AN ORDINANCE TO ALTER THE TITLES OF PRISON OFFICERS EMPLOYED IN THIS COLONY."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

Lee Shew

BILL ENTITLED “AN ORDINANCE FOR THE NATURALIZATION OF LEE SHEW ()."-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED “AN ORDINANCE TO PROVIDE FOR THE ISSUE OF SEARCH WARRANTS in the case OF SUSPECTED COINAGE OFFENCES."-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED 66 AN ORDINANCE TO SUPPLEMENT THE PROVISIONS OF THE Licensing Consolida- tion Ordinance, 1887'."-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED "An OrdiNANCE TO AMEND AND CONSOLIDATE THE LAW RELATING TO THE REGIS- TRATION OF BIRTHS AND DEATHS."-Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed.

Bill reported with amendments.

ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned until Wednesday, the 22nd July, 1896.

Read and confirmed this 22nd day of July, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY, Acting Clerk of Councils.

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 5.

WEDNESDAY, 22ND JULY, 1896.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR

(Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.).

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary and Registrar General, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART

LOCKHART).

the Acting Attorney General, (Henry Edward POLLOCK).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRED COOPER).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police, (WILLIAM CHARLES HOLLAND

HASTINGS, R.N.).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

Ho Kai, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to adjournment.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 8th July, 1896, were read and confirmed. PAPERS.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers :-

1. Governor's Despatch on the Incipience and Progress of the Bubonic Plague in Hongkong

during 1896.

2. Despatches on the subject of the Military Contribution.

3. Reports on the question of Public Lighting of the City of Victoria, the Hill District, and

British Kowloon.

FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 4, 5 and 6), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee:-

.C.S.O.

810 of 1896.

C.8.0.

9 of 1895.

C.5.0.

96 of 1896.

WILLIAM Robinson.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Ten thousand Dollars, ($10,000), for the erection of a Landing-stage at Kennedytown, in connection with the Sheep and Swine Depôts.

Government House, Hongkong, 16th July, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

Government House, Hongkong, 14th July, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Ten thousand Dollars, ($10,000), for the improvement of Street Lighting.

Government House, Hongkong, 20th July, 1896.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

REPORT OF THE PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE.-The Director of Public Works laid on the table the report of the Public Works Committee, dated 8th July, 1896, (No. 2), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasury seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

QUESTIONS.-Mr. BELILIOS, pursuant. to notice, asked the following question :-

→

The Colonial Secretary replied.

Mr. WHITEHEAD, pursuant to notice, asked the following question :

With reference to the papers on the subject of a Petition addressed to the House of Commons praying for an amendment of the constitution laid before the Council on Wednesday, 8th inst., will the Government state for the information of the Council if there is any correspondence in existence from the Colonial Officials to the Home Authorities and vice versâ between the 23rd August, 1894, the date of Lord Ripon's despatch, and the 29th May, 1896, the date of the Right Honourable Mr. Chamberlain's despatch on the subject, and if so will the Government lay it upon the table; if not, why not?

The Colonial Secretary replied.

Mr. CHATER, pursuant to notice, asked the following question :-

With regard to the report of the Director of Public Works of the 9th May on the Water Supply of the Colony, is it the intention of the Government to take steps to increase the present supply, and if so, how soon will the necessary operations be commenced?

The Colonial Secretary replied.

BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE LAW RELATING TO WIDOWS' AND ORPHANS' PENSIONS."-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDINANCE TO AUTHORISE THE APPROPRIATION OF A SUPPLEMENTARY SUM OF ONE MILLION TWO THOUSAND Two HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-FIVE DOLLARS AND SEVEN CENTS TO DEFRAY THE CHARGES OF THE YEAR 1895."-The Acting Colonial Treasurer moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer noved that the Bill be referred to the Finance Committee.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDINANCE TO MAKE BETTER PROVISION FOR THE SALE OF FOOD AND DRUGS IN A PURE STATE."-The Acting Attorney General moved that this item be discharged from the Orders of the Day.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED " AN ORDINANCE TO REGULATE THE ADMIRALTY PROCEDURE OF THE SUPREME COURT."-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

{

BILL ENTITLED “AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE MARRIAGE ORDINANCE, 1875"."-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED

AN ORDINANCE TO ALTER THE TITLES OF PRISON OFFICERS EMPLOYED IN THIS COLONY."-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED

AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND AND CONSOLIDATE THE LAW RELATING TO THE REGIS- TRATION OF Births and Deaths."-The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do

pass.

Bill passed.

ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned until Wednesday, the 5th August, 1896.

Read and confirmed this 5th day of August, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY,

Acting Clerk of Councils.

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

ง

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 6.

WEDNESDAY, 5TH AUGUST, 1896.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR

(Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.).

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary and Registrar General, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART

LOCKHART).

the Acting Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRED COOPER).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Acting Captain Superintendent of Police, (WILLIAM CHARLES HOLLAND

HASTINGS, R.N.).

CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to adjournment.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 22nd July, 1896, were read and confirmed. PAPERS.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers :-

1. Report of Committee appointed by His Excellency the Governor to enquire into and

report on the best organization for a College of Medicine for Hongkong.

2. Papers on the question of providing New Government Offices.

3. The Assessor's Report on the Assessment for 1896-97.

FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 7, 8, 9 and 10), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee:-

65.0.

1795 of 1896.

C.S.0. 1677 of 1895.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Ten thousand Dollars, ($10,000), to cover the expenditure of the Tytain Water Works extension during the current year.

Government House, Hongkong, 31st July, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote the following sums to meet certain expenses in the Sanitary Department:

For Incidental Expenses,.

For Scavenging the City and Villages, For the Maintenance of Markets,

Total,.

.$1,000

4,200

375

..$5,575

C.S.0.

742 of 1896.

C.8.0.

167 of 1896.

Government House, Hongkong, 3rd August, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand Dollars, ($5,000), to cover the amount under-estimated in respect of Refunds of Revenue.

Government House, Hongkong, 4th August, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to re-vote the sum of Four hundred and Fifty-four Dollars and Thirty-seven Cents, ($454.37), for the purchase of Conservancy Buckets.

(The above is the unexpended balance of the sum previously voted.)

Government House, Hongkong, 4th August, 1896.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE. The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 22nd July, 1896, (No. 3), " and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

REPORT OF THE PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE.

The Director of Public Works laid on the table

the report of the Public Works Committee, dated 22nd July, 1896, (No. 3), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question put and agreed to.

NOTICE OF QUESTION. Mr. WHITEHEAD gave notice that at the next Meeting of Council he would ask the following question:-

Will the Government inform the Council whether the Police Department continues to furnish the Imperial Chinese Maritime Customs with information concerning permits issued for the export from the Colony of arms and ammunition?

BILL ENTITLED

"AN ORDINANCE TO AUTHORISE THE APPROPRIATION OF A SUPPLEMENTARY SUM OF ONE MILLION TWO THOUSAND TWO HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-FIVE DOLLARS AND SEVEN CENTS TO DEFRAY THE CHARGES OF THE YEAR 1895."-Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without, amendment.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED

"AN ORDINANCE TO MAKE BETTER PROVISION FOR THe Sale of FOOD AND DRUGS. IN A PURE STATE.”—The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendments.

The Acting Attorney General moved the suspension of the Standing Rules and Orders. The Colonial Secretary seconded,

Question-put and agreed to.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

His Excellency then retired and a meeting of the Finance Committee was held to consider Financial Minutes Nos. 7, 8, 9 and 10.

Council resumed.

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE. The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 5th August, 1896, (No. 4), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded. Question-put and agreed to.

ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned sine die.

Read and confirmed this 3rd day of December, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY,

Acting Clerk of Councils.

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 7.

THURSDAY, 3RD DECEMBER, 1896.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR

(Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.).

His Excellency the Major-General Commanding (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary and Registrar General, (JAMES HALDANE Stewart

LOCKHART).

the Attorney General, (HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRED Cooper).

་

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.)

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

WEI YUK.

;)

ABSENT:

JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to summons.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 5th August, were read and confirmed.

NEW MEMBERS.-His Excellency Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B., Mr. MAY, and Mr. WEI YUK took the oath of allegiance on their appointment to a seat in the Council. Mr. WHITEHEAD also took the oath of allegiance on his re-appointment to a seat in the Council.

PAPERS.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers :-

1. Report of the Director of the Observatory for 1895.

2. Report of the Pó Léung Kuk Society for the year ending 31st December, 1895.

3. Report on the progress of the Public Works during the first half-year 1896.

4. Report on the progress of the Taipingshan Improvement Works.

5. Report of the Government Offices Committee.

6. Tung Wa Hospital Commission Report.

His Excellency the Governor laid on the table the Correspondence respecting the Abolition of the Special Gap Rock Lighthouse Rate, and addressed the Council.

FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 11 to 26), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee:-

c.s.0.

219.) of 1896.

C.S.O.

2:43 of 1896.

C.S.O.

2010 of 1898.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Dollars, ($3,000), to meet the expenditure for the sewerage of the City of Victoria. Government House, Hongkong, 25th September, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Ten thousand Dollars, ($10,000), to meet the probable further expenditure in connection with the Water and Drainage Works for the current year.

Government House, Hongkong, 15th October, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four thousand Dollars, ($4,000), to meet the expenditure for the erection of a Matron's House at the Gaol and other alterations. necessary to convert a portion of the buildings into a Female Prison.

Government House, Hongkong, 15th October, 1895.

C.S.O.

Confidential.

C.S.O.

258 of 1896.

C.S.O.

546 of 1896.

C.S.O.

1902 of 1896.

C.S.O. 1924 of 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to re-vote the sum of Twenty thousand Dollars, ($20,000), for the construction of a new Floating Fire Engine.

Government House, Hongkong, 20th October, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Dollars, ($3,000). in aid of the vote for "Miscellaneous Works" (Public Works Annually Recurrent).

Governinent House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five hundred Dollars, ($500), in aid of the vote for "Repairs to Epidemic Hulk Hygeia" (Harbour Department).

(Note.-Increased cost due to re-mooring the hulk after the recent typhoon.) Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twenty-five thousand Dollars, ($25,000), to meet the following expenses during the current year:-

Repairs to Buildings,

Roads, City of Victoria,

Out of Victoria, Kowloon,

$18,000.00

5,000.00

1,000.00

$25,000.00

C.5.0.

2059 of 1896.

C.S.O. 2502 of 1896.

C.S.O.

2854 of 1996.

C.S.O. 1995 of 1895.

Conf. C.S.O.

79 of 1896,

C.S.O.

2644 of 1896.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand Dollars, ($2,000), in aid of the vote for "Incidental Expenses" in the Police Department.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six hundred and Fifty Dollars, ($650), in aid of the vote "Incidental Expenses," Sanitary Department, for the current year.

(Note.-Increased cost due to the enforcement of Bye-law No. 6 under the provisions of Ordinance No. 15 of 1894.)

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three hundred and Thirty-six Dollars, ($336), for the Salaries of the Chinese Staff at the New Kowloon Animal Depôt.

Government House, Hongkong, 10th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand Dollars, ($5,000), for raising the Praya Wall at Shektongtsui opposite Marine Lots Nos. 126, and 177 to 183.

Government House, Hongkong, 18th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Seventy thousand and Two hundred Dollars, ($70,200), for expenses incurred in connection with the plague.

Government House, Hongkong, 18th November, 1896.

C.S.O.

2700 of 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Six hundred and Five Dollars and Ten Cents, ($3,605.10), to meet the following expenses :--

Health Officer's Office.

C.S.O.

2759 of 1596.

....

Government Civil Hospital.

Coal, &c.,......

Provisions,

Medical Comforts,

Light and Fuel,

Surgical Instruments,

Washing,

Incidental Expenses,

Water Account,.

Government House, Hongkong, 25th November, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

$ 120.00

...

1,800.00

285.00

300.00

800.00

120.00

150.00

30.10

$3,605.10

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four thousand and Six hundred Dollars, ($4,600), to cover the amount under estimated in respect of "Miscellaneous Services Other."

Government House, Hongkong, 30th November, 1896.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 5th August, 1896, (No. 4), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

SANITARY BYE-LAW.-The Colonial Secretary laid on the table an Amended Bye-law made by the Sanitary Board on the 13th August, 1896, under sub-section 4 of section 13 of Ordinance No. 24 of 1887, and moved that it be approved.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Discussion ensued.

Question-put and agreed to.

RESOLUTIONS. The Acting Colonial Treasurer moved as follows :—

1. "That the percentages on the valuation of tenements in Aberdeen at present payable as rates under The Rating Ordinance, 1888, as amended by Ordinance 5 of 1892 be altered from 7 per cent. to 9 per cent.'

2. "That the percentages on the valuation of tenements in Shaukiwan, East and West, at present payable as rates under The Rating Ordinance, 1888, as amended by Ordi- nance 5 of 1892 be altered from 7 to 9 per cent."

→

That the percentages on the valuation of tenements, payable as rates, levied within the

area. bounded—

On the North, by the Harbour.

On the South, by the contour of the hill-side 600 feet above sea level.

On the East, by a straight line from North Point to the western end of the

Taitam tunnel and produced to meet the southern boundary.

On the West, by the eastern boundary of the City of Victoria,

be altered from 7 per cent. to 9 per cent.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

QUESTION. Mr. WHITEHEAD pursuant to notice asked the following question :

The Colonial Secretary replied.

His Excellency then addressed the Council as follows:-

HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL,

The time having arrived when it is usual to convene the Legislative Council for the purpose of discharging those important duties which annually devolve upon it, I gladly resort to you for assistance and advice. The pleasure of neeting you again is enhanced by the satisfactory state of public affairs, especially as regards the finances of the Colony.

Before proceeding to deal with that and other interesting matters, I have to express the gratification which it affords me, and which I am sure you all share, to welcome the presence at this table of His Excellency Major-General BLACK and Mr. WEI A-YUK, as Official and Unofficial Members respectively of this Council. The course of events which brought about this change in the constitution of the Legislative Council is still fresh in your memory. I shall not refer to them in detail, but content myself with remarking that as His Excellency the General Officer Commanding is to administer the Government during the absence at any time of the Governor, it is obviously advantageous to the Colony that he should occupy a seat in the Legislative Council, while the appointment of Mr. WEI A-YUK, a resident highly respected in Hongkong, will, it is hoped, bring the Government into still closer touch with the Chinese community which forms such an important element in the population of the Colony.

The constitution of the Executive Council has also undergone a change, which was recommended by me and approved by the Secretary of State. It now consists of two Un- official Members, Mr. CHATER and Mr. BELL-IRVING, in addition to the Official Members who previously composed it. You will agree with me in the opinion that the Colony is to be congratulated on this reconstruction which has strengthened the Executive by the addition of two able advisers, whose experience, especially on matters affecting the com- mercial welfare of Hongkong, cannot fail to be of the highest value at all times to me and to my successors in office.

Turning now to the orders of the day, the first item which claims attention is a Bill entitled "An Ordinance to appropriate a Percentage of seventeen and a half per centum of the Colonial Revenues as a contribution for the Defence of the Colony."

This Bill is the outcome of lengthy correspondence and negotiations with which you are familiar, and it is introduced under instructions from the Secretary of State. I may mention that the Unofficial Members have recently forwarded a memorial praying that the contribution may be again fixed at the former figure of £40,000. I can, however, hold out no hope that this request of the Unofficial Members will be acceded to. I have no option therefore but to ask you to pass this Bill into law, and so finally settle the much-vexed question of the Military Contribution.

The next item of importance, and indeed the most pressing one on the order paper, is the Appropriation Bill for 1897.

From the Draft Estimates, which have been in your hands for some time, and which I now lay upon the table, you will have observed that the Revenue for 1897 is estimated to yield $2,438,823. This estimate has been arrived at with due caution; it is less than the actual revenue for 1895 and the probable total for the current year, and I have every reason to expect that it will be realised. The various items do not, I think, call for any special remark at this stage. The total expenditure for 1897 is estimated at $2,769,083, but of this $368,000 is chargeable to the Loan. The estimated sum chargeable to current revenue is therefore $2,401,083, or $37,740 less than the estimated revenue.

The principal increases in expenditure, as compared with the Estimates for 1896, appear under the following heads :-

1. Public Works Extraordinary chargeable to Loan,

2. Military Expenditure,....

3. Pensions,

4. Public Works Recurrent,

5. Post Office,

6. Public Debt,

7. Sanitary Department,

8. Medical Department,

.$170,800

30,079

26,000

23,300

22,181

11,447

9,800

4,542

The increase in Military Expenditure is due partly to an increase of $9,000 in the amount set apart for "Barrack Services," but chiefly to increased (estimated) revenue. Only $61,000 of the estimated total Military Expenditure is included in the Appropriation Bill, viz., $49,000 for Barrack Services and $12,000 for the Volunteers, as the Bill to which I have already referred and which is designed purposely to remove the question of

voting the Defence Contribution from the arena of yearly debate, will provide for the appropriation of 17 per cent. of the revenue, less premia on land sales, to meet that contribution.

The increase under the item of Public Works Recurrent is accounted for chiefly by the cost of maintaining the new waterworks at Shaukiwan and Aberdeen, and increased cost of maintenance of roads and bridges, and of the repairs to buildings which will probably be necessary during next year.

The additional charge on account of the Public Debt is due to the increase in the contribution to the Sinking Fund, which commenced only in October last.

The large increase in the cost of the Sanitary Department calls for some special explanation.

It has been found that the present staff of inspectors is not sufficient to provide for the inspection of the Chinese houses with the frequency and regularity which are necessary. The Sanitary Board has accordingly recommended, and the Secretary of State has sanctioned, the appointment of two more inspectors of nuisances, with the necessary additional inter- preters and foremen of street cleansers. The salaries for these new appointments, with various stipulated increments in the pay of other officers, and the salary of a temporary clerk who was appointed in April, 1895, and whose salary does not appear in the 1896 Estimates, accounts for the increase in personal emoluments, while the increase under “other charges" is principally due to the higher figures at which the scavenging contracts are let.

The increase under the heading "Post Office" is due entirely to estimated increase in transit charges, or the sum which this Colony has to pay for the conveyance of its mail matter. This increase need cause no alarm; on the other hand it is a matter of congratulation, for it indicates an estimated expansion of business and consequent increase of profit.

The increase in the cost of the Medical Departments is owing to the appointment of an Assistant Surgeon in place of the Medical Officer of the Gaol, at a higher salary; to the appointment of an additional Sister, and to well deserved increases in the pay of Dr. Lowson and the Analyst and Assistant Analyst, and a few minor appointments, including the Chinese staff for the new Isolation Hospital.

Economies have been effected as opportunity offered, on the lines suggested by the Retrenchment Committee, but such opportunities have been rare.

The rate of exchange for the Estimates for 1897 has been taken at 2/1, the same rate as was taken for 1896, which may be regarded as a safe rate so far as the word "safe" be applied to exchange.

If any further information is desired with regard to the Estimates it will be furnished in Finance Committee or when the Council is in Committee on the Bill. I have now only to ask you, gentlemen, to vote the sum necessary to defray the charges for the coming year.

I will now make a few remarks upon the general condition of the Colony financially and otherwise.

The total estimated revenue for 1896 was $2,288,366. Of this sum $2,120,680 had been collected up to the end of October, and the total revenue will probably be about $2,495,000, while the total expenditure chargeable to revenue will be about $2,445,000, leaving a surplus of Revenue over Expenditure of some $50,000.

The increase in receipts over the amount which was estimated is principally due to premia on Land Sales, which have yielded already over $250,000 as against an estimated total for the whole year of $70,000.

There are also noticeable increases in the receipts up to the 31st October, under the headings "Light Dues," "Licences and Internal Revenue not otherwise specified" and "Post Office," over the estimated receipts up to that date.

The principal items of unforeseen expenditure, which were not provided for in the Estimates for 1896, are $20,000 for a new floating engine for the Fire Brigade and $70,200 for expenses incurred in connection with the repression of the plague.

Turning now to the question of the health and sanitation of the Colony, the present year will be a memorable one owing to the unfortunate recurrence of the disease known as

bubonic plague which was so disastrous in 1894. The outbreak commenced early in the year, the disease was at its worst stage in April and May, and was not finally stamped out till the end of September. The total number of cases brought to notice was 1.204 of which 1,097 ended fatally. The Europeans attacked numbered 15, of whom 7, including two soldiers and one inspector of nuisances, succumbed to the disease.

Sister CATHERINE,

one of the two sisters who were engaged in nursing at the Plague Hospital, was also attacked by the disease, but fortunately recovered. The largest number of fresh cases in one week was 100, from the 23rd to 30th May, and the greatest number of deaths was 87, for the week ending 9th May.

During the whole of this period the Sanitary Board and its staff, ably assisted by members of the Police and of the Garrison, whose services were kindly lent, and all those connected with the work of suppressing the plague were untiring in their efforts, and they deserve great credit for their zeal and energy. It is perhaps too much to hope that the disease will not again visit this Colony, and we must, I fear, be prepared for its re-appearance in spite of every effort to prevent it.

It is satisfactory to record that though many of the wealthier Chinese sent their wives and families to the mainland, there was no general exodus of the population such as occurred in 1894, and business proceeded much as usual. Dr. YERSIN and Dr. KITASATO, whose names and attainments are so well known, have each prepared an antitoxin for the treatment of the plague, and I am taking steps to secure a supply of the preparation. Finally, I cannot dismiss the subject of the plague without recording the Colony's indebtedness to the Medical Department of this Colony, including the Sisters. Dr. WILM, of the Imperial German Navy, whose services were kindly lent by Admiral HOFFMAN, also rendered invalu- able assistance throughout in treating the patients at the Kennedytown Hospital of which he was in charge, and by his scientific investigations which, it is hoped, will prove of much benefit in dealing with this terrible disease. Many useful measures have been undertaken by the Sanitary Board with a view to the prevention of overcrowding and for the improvement of the sanitary condition of the native quarters of the City. This question, however, is of so difficult a nature that I have appointed a Commission to enquire into the existence of insani- tary properties and to report on the best mode of dealing with them. The matter is now under their consideration. The Colony is to be congratulated on its immunity from any out- break of cholera such as has visited the sister colony of Singapore.

A typhoon of unusual severity swept over the Colony on the 29th July last. It caused great damage to property, but fortunately owing to the timely warning of its approach given by the Director of the Observatory the loss of life was not great.

Improvements have been made in the condition of the Tung Wa Hospital. The desir- ability of reforming that institution has formed the subject of enquiry and report by a Commission. I am in possession of their views on the matter and am devoting my earnest attention to the question which is one of considerable difficulty and delicacy.

With regard to the constitution of the Sanitary Board I regret that I am not yet in possession of the Secretary of State's final decision which, however, I hope to receive shortly.

As regards Public Works, the extension of the Wongneichong Recreation Ground has been undertaken and is progressing. The project includes the widening and improving of the roads and an addition to the Recreation Ground of about 7 acres.

The extension of the Gaol has been proceeded with and accommodation has been pro- vided within the Gaol compound for a prison for females, instead of the unsuitable house in Wyndham Street hitherto rented for that purpose.

The provision of an adequate supply of water to the City of Victoria has received my careful attention, and projects have been prepared for an ultimate supply of 4,000,000 gallons a day throughout the year. The present state of the water supply and particulars of the proposed extensions have been dealt with in an able and elaborate report by the Director of Public Works which has already been laid before you (Sessional l'aper). That report has been referred to Mr. OSBERT CHADWICK, who concurs in the proposals contained therein. The Secretary of State has communicated to me his approval of the scheme, and contracts have been entered into, with the approval of this Council, for the commencement of the works. The waterworks for Kowloon have also been completed, and a constant supply is now available over the southern portion of that peninsula.

The new system of signalling the approach of vessels has been completed in accordance with the recommendations of the Committee appointed in 1893.

The statue of the Queen in commemoration of Her Most Gracious Majesty's Jubilee has been erected on the Praya Reclamation and was unveiled by me on the 28th May, amidst general rejoicings and loyal demonstrations.

With respect to Taipingshan considerable progress has been made with the demolition of insanitary dwellings, and the necessary works for relaying out the resumed area for building purposes. Contracts have been entered into for dealing with about one half of the resumed area, and works in connection with the greater part of the remainder will shortly be commenced. A report on the subject will be laid on the table to which I direct your attention as the anticipations which I was led to form this time last year have not been fulfilled.

As to the Praya Reclamation Works, though difficulties have arisen in connection with the rapid completion of certain portions, fair progress has been made. The Marine Lot-holders have, in several instances, obtained permission to enter into possession of their portions, and fine buildings are in course of erection on some of the land reclaimed.

In addition to the foregoing works, the condition of the villages has not been overlooked, and works of drainage, water supply, and general improvements have been completed, whilst others are in hand in Shaukiwan, Aberdeen, Mong-Kok-Tsui and Tai-Kok-Tsui. The requirements of the increasing population of the Hill District have not been lost sight of, and it is proposed at an early date to commence the construction of an improved road from near Victoria Gap to the Mount Kellet Road.

The increasing requirements of the Colony in the matter of Government Offices and the question of providing new offices and concentrating them, so far as possible, under one roof, appeared to me to call for a special enquiry. I referred the matter accordingly to a Committee, whose report I have just received. That report will be published.

With respect to Education I regret to say that the experiences of the year have been sonie- what unfortunate. The recurrence of the plague, and the measures taken to prevent over- crowding, together with the rise in house rents resulting from those measures, caused a large number of Chinese, as I have already said, to send their women and children out of the Colony. The attendance at schools by Chinese children, and more particularly girls' schools, decreased considerably; the decrease amounting to probably 30 per cent. of their normal attendance. The attendance at five Chinese schools ceased entirely and the schools had to be closed, but as three new schools have been opened in places unaffected by plague and its consequences the total number of schools under the Education Department is 119 as compared with 121 in 1895. The above unsatisfactory experiences have been confined almost entirely to schools attended by the poorer classes of the native population. The other schools, especially those attended by non-Chinese children, have for the most part retained their normal attendance. Efforts are being made to increase the number of schools offering English teaching to natives, but only one school of this description could be opened during the present year. Steps have been taken, however, to improve the teaching of English at Queen's College, and in order to allow more time for that purpose, the purely Chinese branch of that establishment has been entirely abolished.

With regard to shipping, Hongkong continues to hold an important position amongst the Ports of the Empire. During the nine months ending 30th September last, over 7,000 ships of European construction entered and cleared at the Harbour Office, bringing and taking away cargoes amounting to nearly 55 per cent. of their registered tonnage, and conveying to and from the Colony 1,026,469 passengers.

In addition to these, 53,000 trading junks carried 1,309,338 tons of cargo in and out, and conveyed 161,991 passengers.

Compared with the same period of 1895 this means an increase of 412 European con- structed vessels, carrying 233,675 more tons of cargo, and an increase of over 8,600 junks with 125,638 tons of cargo, and a total increase in the passenger traffic amounting to 1,986.

A correspondence with the Unofficial Members in regard to the proposed abolition of the Light Dues levied to cover the cost and maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse will be laid on the Council table.

I consider that I am bound to redeem the pledge given by my Predecessor to the effect that this special rate should cease as soon as the cost of the Lighthouse had been defrayed.

With a view of covering the deficit which will result from this abolition five of the six Unofficial Members are of opinion that a fixed charge of 2 cents per ton should in future be imposed as light dues on all shipping entering the harbour, and in that opinion I concur.

The criminal statistics are highly satisfactory. Comparing the number of cases under various headings for the 12 months ending 31st October, 1896, with those for the preceding twelve months we find decreases of 21 per cent. in robberies from the person, 53 per cent. in burglaries and larcenies from dwellings, 30 per cent. in cases of obtaining money under false pretences, 37 per cent. in cases of unlawful possession, and 7 per cent. in larcenies. There were 25 cases of wilful wounding as against 17 in the preceding period, and 14 more cases under the Women and Girls' Protection Ordinance than in the previous 12 months. The increases under various other heads are trifling and the number of murder cases was the same for both periods.

The new Home of the Pó Léung Kuk, or Society for the Protection of Women and Girls was opened by me on the 13th of November. Government contributed, towards the cost of its erection, a sum of $20,000. The Society has already done good work, and it is hoped, that now it is in possession of a Home, it will be able not only to continue its labours, but to carry them on more efficiently. It gives me pleasure at all times to aid the Chinese community of this Colony in charitable work, such as that of protecting those who are not able to protect themselves, and I shall always be ready to give them what assistance lies in my power to render such work as thorough as possible.

From the foregoing remarks, gentlemen, you will gather that on the whole the condi- tion of the Colony socially, politically, and financially, is very satisfactory. We have had during the term of my Government two visitations of plague. We have had strikes, several typhoons and on one occasion a vast and unparalleled exodus of people, but Hongkong has held its own with wonderful vitality. Government has not harassed the community with unnecessary or vexatious legislation. The law has been enforced whenever it was necessary, but the community, speaking generally, is happily a law abiding one. The revenue has increased and is increasing with the growth of population, and the only drawback to a wider and more extensive outlook is the limited area of the Colony itself.

In conclusion, gentlemen, you will believe me when I say that as long as I remain here-and for how much longer that may be I cannot tell-I shall continue to co-operate deli- berations under the blessing of God may conduce not only to the honour of Her Majesty The QUEEN, but to the increased happiness and welfare of the entire community of this Her Majesty's possession in the Far East.

with you in any measures having for their object the public gool. I pray that your

Council Chamber, Hongkong, 3rd December, 1896.

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

STANDING COMMITTEES.-His Excellency appointed the following Committees :—

(a) Finance Committee,-

The Colonial Secretary, Chairman.

All the Members of Council, except the Governor.

(b) Law Committee,--

The Attorney General, Chairman.

Honourable J. J. BELL-IRVING

Honourable Ho KAI.

Honourable E. R. BELILIOS.

Honourable WEI YUK.

(b) Public Works Committee,-

The Director of Public Works, Chairman.

The Colonial Treasurer.

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Honourable E. R. BELILIOS.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD.

،،

A BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO APPROPRIATE A PERCENTAGE OF SEVENTEEN AND A HALF PER CENTUM OF THE COLONIAL REVENUES AS A CONTRIBUTION FOR THE DEFENCE OF THE COLONY." The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill and addressed the Council.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Mr. WHITEHEAD moved that the first reading of the Bill be postponed.

Mr. CHATER seconded.

Discussion ensued.

The Council divided-

For the Amendment.

Mr. BELILIOS.

Dr. Ho KAI.

Mr. CHATER.

WHITEHEAD.

Against the Amendment.

Mr. WEI YUK.

The Captain Superintendent of Police. The Harbour Master.

The Director of Public Works.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer.

The Acting Attorney General. The Colonial Secretary.

H. E. The Major-General Commanding.

Amendment lost by a majority of 4.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDINANCE TO

"AN ORDINANCE TO APPLY A SUM NOT EXCEEDING TWO MILLIONS THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-NINE THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-NINE DOLLARS TO THE PUBLIC SERVICE OF THE YEAR 1897."-The Colonial Secretary moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED " AN ORDINANCE TO DECLARE AND AMEND THE LAW OF PARTNERSHIP."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED (6 AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE POST OFFICE ORDINANCE, 1887.'"- The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED

"AN ORDINANCE TO PROVIDE FOR COMPENSATION BEING PAID TO PAWNBROKERS IN ➡ CERTAIN CASES."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED

"AN ORDINANCE TO CONSOLIDATE AND AMEND THE LAWS RELATING to Probates AND LETTERS OF ADMINISTRATION IN THIS COLONY."-The Acting Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned until Monday, the 7th December, 1896, at 3 P.M.

Read and confirmed this 7th day of December, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY,

Acting Clerk of Councils.

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 8.

MONDAY, 7TH DECEMBER, 1896.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR

(Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.).

His Excellency the Major-General Commanding (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary and Registrar General, (JAMES HALDANE STEwart

LOCKHART).

the Acting Attorney General, (Henry Edward POLLOCK).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRed Cooper).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G. WEI YUK.

ABSENT:

The Honourable JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to adjournment.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 3rd December, 1896, were read and confirmed. FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minute, (No. 27), and moved that it be referred to the Finance Committee:

C.S.0.

2833 of 1896,

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand Four hundred and Fifty Dollars, ($1,450), in aid of the vote "Expenses of the Volunteers."

Government House, Hongkong, 7th December, 1896.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 3rd December, 1896, (No. 5), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

NOTICE OF QUESTIONS.-Mr. WHITEHEAD gave notice that at the next Meeting of Council he would ask the following questions :-

Will the Government lay upon the table an estimate as to the probable total cost of doing what is necessary to be done to the resumed area of Taipingshan before the lots can be put up to auction, and state the further probable time required to overtake the work?

In view of the present Opium Farm expiring in the spring of 1898, will the Government appoint a commission with full powers to investigate and report on the opium revenue generally, and upon the advisability or otherwise of substituting for the present Opium Farm bonded warehouses and a fixed duty on all opium not bonâ fide exported in a raw state?

BILL ENTITLED

"AN ORDINANCE TO APPROPRIATE A PERCENTAGE OF SEVENTEEN AND A HALF PER CENTUM OF THE COLONIAL REVENUES AS A CONTRIBUTION FOR THE DEFENCE OF THE COLONY."- The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Council divided-

For the second reading.

Honourable WEI A YUK.

The Captain Superintendent of Police. The Harbour Master.

The Director of Public Works.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer.

The Acting Attorney General.

The Colonial Secretary.

His Excellency the Major-General.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendments.

Against the second reading. Honourable E. R. BELILIOS.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD. Honourable Ho KAI.

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

BILL ENTITLED

AN ORDINANCE TO APPLY A SUM NOT EXCEEDING TWO MILLIONS THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-NINE THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-NINE DOLLARS TO THE PUBLIC SERVICE OF THE YEAR 1897."-The Colonial Secretary moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

The Colonial Secretary moved that the Bill be referred to the Finance Committee.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO DECLARE AND AMEND THE LAW OF PARTNERSHIP."The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

The Acting Attorney General noved that the Bill be referred to the Law Committee.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

BILL ENTITLED " AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE POST OFFICE ORDINANCE, 1887.'". The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

PILL ENTITLED (C AN ORDINANCE TO PROVIDE FOR COMPENSATION BEING PAID TO PAWNBROKERS IN CERTAIN CASES."--The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported with amendment.

The Acting Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED

AN ORDINANCE TO CONSOLIDATE AND AMEND THE LAWS RELATING TO Probates AND LETTERS OF ADMINISTRATION IN THIS COLONY."-The Acting Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a second time.

The Acting Attorney General moved that the Bill be referred to the Law Committee.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned until Monday, the 14th December, 1896, at 3 P.M.

Read and confirmed this 14th day of December, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY,

Acting Clerk of Councils.

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 9.

MONDAY, 14TH DECEMBER, 1896.

PRESENT:

HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR

(Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.).

His Excellency the Major-General Commanding (Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B.).

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary and Registrar General, (JAMES HALDANE STEWART

LOCKHART).

the Attorney General, (WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN).

the Acting Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (FRANCIS ALFRED COOPER).

};

the Harbour Master, (ROBERT MURRAY RUMSEY, R.N.).

the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS HENRY MAY, C.M.G.). CATCHICK PAUL CHATER,

Ho KAI, M.B., C.M.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

WEI YUK.

ABSENT:

The Honourable JAMES JARDINE BELL-IRVING.

The Council met pursuant to adjournment.

The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 7th December, were read and confirmed. PAPERS. The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers :-

1. Papers respecting tlie Abolition of the Special Gap Rock Lighthouse Rate.

2. Statement with reference to Taipingshan Improvement Works.

REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the report of the Finance Committee dated the 7th December, 1896, (No. 6), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

REPORT OF THE PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE.-The Director of Public Works laid on the table the report of the Public Works Committee, dated 7th December, 1896, (No. 4), and moved its adoption.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

QUESTIONS.—Mr. WHITEHEAD, pursuant to notice, asked the following questions

The Colonial Secretary replied.

RESOLUTION.—Mr. WHITEHEAD gave notice that at the next meeting he would move the following

resolution:-

That, whereas the Special Gap Rock Light Dues were imposed for the sole purpose of raising the monies required for the construction of the said lighthouse, and the Government are pledged to their abolition as soon as the requisite amount had been raised, and whereas it appears that a sum of about $42,000 in excess of the amount required has already been received- Resolved that in the opinion of this Council the Special Gap Rock Light Dues should no longer be levied.

}

BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDINANCE TO FURTHER AMEND THE MEDICAL REGISTRATION ORDINANCE, 1884."--The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND AND CONSOLIDATE THE LAW RELATING TO THE PROTECTION OF WOMEN AND GIRLS."-The Attorney General moved the first reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a first time.

BILL ENTITLED AN ORDINANCE TO APPROPRIATE A SUM EQUIVALENT TO SEVENTEEN AND A HALF PER CENTUM OF THE COLONIAL REVENUES AS A CONTRIBUTION FOR THE DEFENCE OF THE COLONY." The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Colonial Secretary seconded.

Mr. WHITEHEAD moved that the third reading of the Bill be postponel and addressed the Council, Mr. CHATER seconded.

Council divided-

For the amendment.

Honourable WEI YUK.

E. R. BELILIOS.

T. H. WHITEHEAD. ΗΟ ΚΑΙ.

C. P. CHATER.

Against the amendment.

The Captain Superintendent of Police. The Harbour Master.

The Director of Public Works.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer. The Attorney General.

The Colonial Secretary.

His Excellency Major-General Black.

Amendment lost by a majority of seven votes to five.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

BILL ENTITLED "AN ORDINANCE TO

APPLY A SUM NOT EXCEEDING TWO MILLIONS THREE

HUNDRED AND FIFTY-NINE THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-NINE DOLLARS TO THE PUBLIC SERVICE OF THE YEAR 1897."-Council in Committee on the Bill.

Council resumed and Bill reported without amendment.

The Colonial Secretary moved the third reading of the Bill.

The Acting Colonial Treasurer seconded.

Question-put and agreed to.

Bill read a third time.

Question put-that this Bill do pass.

Bill passed.

ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned until Monday, the 21st December, 1896, at 3 P.M.

Read and confirmed this 25th day of February, 1897.

F. J. BADELEY,

Acting Clerk of Councils.

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

585

No, 37

HONGKONG.

CORRESPONDENCE RESPECTING THE ABOLITION OF THE SPECIAL GAP

ROCK LIGHTHOUSE RATE.

SIR,

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

(Secretary, Chamber of Commerce, to Colonial Secretary.)

HONGKONG GENERAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE,

HONGKONG, 31st July, 1896.

This Chamber, naturally regardful of any question bearing on the pros- perity of the port, is anxious to see that no impost levied for a special object should be suffered thereafter to become a permanent charge on the shipping frequenting it.

When in reply to a question put by the Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD in the Legislative Council on the 8th instant the fact was elicited that the total sum received as the proceeds of the Special Gap Rock Lighthouse Rate from 1889 (date of levy) to the 30th June last was $358,521, while the amount expended during the same period for construction of lighthouse, laying of cable, and main- tenance was $315,935, showing a balance of $42,586 in hand, my Committee felt that the time had arrived to ask the Government to redeem the pledge made by Sir WILLIAM DES VEUX to abolish the extra tax of one and a half cents per ton on shipping.

It may perhaps be useful to quote, for the information of His Excellency the Governor, the words used by his predecessor at the meeting of Council on the 11th December, 1889, when the Ordinance authorising this special addition to the Light Dues was passed. The following question, asked by Mr. MACEWEN, the then nominee of this Chamber, and the reply of Sir WILLIAM DES Vœux are taken from the shorthand report:-

"Mr. MACEWEN-The discussion generally takes place on the second 'reading of Bills, but in a matter of this kind it would be satisfactory to "know the length of time it is intended to levy this increase, because, if "I recollect correctly, it was understood that the tax would only be "levied in order to pay for the actual cost of the Lighthouse and then "be withdrawn. Is that the understanding?

((

"His Excellency-Most distinctly. The cent will not raise $30,000, and I think we will be very lucky if we get off for $120,000. It will "be called the Gap Rock Lighthouse Rate, and it will involve the special "sanction of the Legislative Council, and it will naturally cease when "the Gap Rock Lighthouse is paid off. As it is very inconvenient to "levy for a broken period of the year, I think, unless there is strong "reason to the contrary, it would be advisable to have a meeting again "before the 1st January to pass this Bill. If you prefer a meeting at a "later date I am quite willing to agree to that. However, as the Council "has already practically agreed to this matter, there may be no objection "to suspend the Standing Orders and pass the Bill through all the stages

'to-day."

586

The Bill was passed there and then, and, in reply to a request by Mr. RYRIE that Mr. MACEWEN's question and the reply thereto should be specially noted, Sir WILLIAM DES Vaux further said :--

"His Excellency-Of course this will be recorded, and I think it "will be just as well to mention in the minutes that Mr. MACEWEN drew "attention to the matter, and that I said that this extra rate was intend- "ed by me to be distinctly a payment for the Gap Rock Lighthouse and "nothing else. Of course, when Mr. RYRIE talks of a promise, I must say it is absolutely impossible for me to bind my successor about any- "thing. All I can say is that I have not the slightest intention to apply "the rate for any other purpose. If a necessity arose for doing so, I "should come to this Board and inform it of the fact."

From these extracts it will be clear to His Excellency the Governor that Sir WILLIAM DES Vœux made an explicit pledge, so far as he was concerned, that when the purpose for which this Special Gap Rock Lighthouse Rate was levied had been achieved the impost would cease. This being the case beyond all cavil, my Committee confidently appeal to the Governor to carry out the expressed intentions of his predecessor in office, feeling sure that His Excellency's sense of justice will bind him to the fulfilment of the pledge given to the representative of this Chamber.

The tax of one cent per ton levied prior to 1889, and still imposed, on ship- ping, yields more than sufficient to provide for the upkeep and maintenance of all the lights, and the Committee therefore have the less hesitation in praying for the abolition of the Special Gap Rock Lighthouse Rate.

Trusting that His Excellency will see his way to perform the pledge made by his predecessor without undue delay,

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servants,

To Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

R. CHATTERTON WILCOX, Secretary.

(Colonial Secretary to Secretary, Chamber of Commerce.)

No. 1292.

SIR,

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 14th August, 1896.

I am directed to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 31st ultimo, on the subject of the Gap Rock Light Rate, and to inform you in reply that the matter is receiving the attention of the Government.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

The Secretary,

CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.

587

No. 138G.

SIR,

(Governor to Senior Unofficial Member, Legislative Council.)

GOVERNMENT HOUSE,

HONGKONG, 12th November, 1896.

I have the honour to forward, for the consideration of yourself and your colleagues the Unofficial Members of the Legislative Council, the enclosed copy of a letter from the Chamber of Commerce suggesting that the Gap Rock Lighthouse Rate, which was first imposed in 1890, should be now abolished in accordance with my predecessor's promise which, however, he stated could not be binding on his

successor.

The rate, if continued, is estimated to yield during the ensuing year about $65,000, and if this amount is withdrawn from the estimate of revenue for 1897 the latter will be exceeded by the estimated expenditure.

It is therefore necessary either that the rate should continue to be levied, or that the loss which would be entailed by its abolition should be made good from some other source of revenue.

I shall therefore be greatly obliged if you will be so good as to confer with your colleagues on the matter, and acquaint me with your and their views as to whether it is preferable to continue to levy light dues generally as at present (including the Gap Rock Rate), or to devise some alternative source of revenue in order to make good the deficiency which the abolition of light dues would entail.

In the event of your recommending that light dues should be abolished, I shall be glad to be favoured with your valuable advice as to the method by which you consider the deficit caused by such abolition may be met.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

The Honourable

THE SENIOR UNOFFICIAL MEMBER OF

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.

SIR,

(Senior Unofficial Member, Legislative Council, to Governor.)

HONGKONG, 17th November, 1896.

I have the honour to acknowledge receipt of your despatch, No. 138G, of the 12th instant, enclosing a copy of a letter from the Chamber of Commerce, suggest- ing the abolition of the Gap Rock Lighthouse Rate, and asking for an expression of the opinion of my colleagues and myself as to whether it would be preferable to continue to levy the light dues as heretofore, or to devise some other means of covering the deficiency in the revenue entailed by the proposed abolition of these dues.

Permit me to inform your Excellency that your despatch was circulated among my colleagues, and the question was gone into at length at a meeting held yesterday.

The result of our deliberations was that we decided that, in order to come to a definite decision, it would be essential for us to have the Estimates for 1897 in our hands.

588

We would, therefore, beg your Excellency to supply us with copies of these Estimates, when the subject will again receive our most careful and earnest attention.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient, humble Servant,

His Excellency

Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

&c.,

&c.

C. P. CHATER.

No. 141G.

SIR,

(Governor to Senior Unofficial Member, Legislative Council.)

GOVERNMENT HOUSE,

HONGKONG, 19th November, 1896.

In reply to your letter of the 17th instant, I have the honour to forward herewith copies of the Draft Estimates for 1897.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Governor.

SIR,

(Senior Unofficial Member, Legislative Council, to Governor.)

HONGKONG, 27th November, 1896.

With reference to your Excellency's despatches, Nos. 138G and 141G, of the 12th and 19th instant respectively, I have the honour to inform you that the draft Estimates for 1897 were duly forwarded to the Unofficial Members of the Legis- lative Council for their perusal. The question of the abolition of the Gap Rock Lighthouse Rate was again discussed by them at a meeting held on the 25th instant, all being present, with the exception of Mr. BELL-IRVING, who had left the Colony. We are unanimous in considering that it is expedient for your Excellency to redeem the pledge given by your predecessor to the effect that this special rate should cease as soon as the cost of the Lighthouse had been defrayed.

As regards the covering of the deficit in the revenue resultant on its abolition, Messrs. Ho KAI, BELILIOS, WEI YUK and myself are of opinion that a fixed charge of 2 cents per ton should in future be imposed as light dues on all shipping entering the harbour, and in this we are joined by Mr. BELL-IRVING, who addressed a letter to me on the subject immediately before his departure. Mr. WHITEHEAD does not concur in this proposal, and is addressing your Excellency directly on the subject.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

His Excellency

Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

&c.,

&c.

C. P. CHATER.

589

No. 38

*96

His Excellency

SIR,

HONGKONG.

PAPERS RESPECTING THE ABOLITION OF THE SPECIAL GAP

ROCK LIGHTHOUSE RATE,

(In continuation of Sessional Paper No. 37 of 1896.)

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

(Honourable T. H. Whitehead to the Governor.)

HONGKONG, 2nd December, 1896.

I have the honour to address your Excellency with reference to your com- munication to the unofficial members of Council, made through the senior member, on the subject of the Gap Rock Light Dues, under date the 12th November. Mr. CHATER in his letter in reply, dated the 27th ultimo, has informed you of my intention to do so, and of my dissent from the opinions expressed by him on behalf of his other colleagues in the Council on the subject in question. I dissent so strongly, both as to the procedure adopted by your Excellency in bringing the matter before the members of Council privately, and on the merits of the question, and I deem it of such importance to the public, that I propose to now publish the whole correspondence, and to refer the subject to tlie Secretary of State.

I take leave to call your Excellency's attention in the first place to the fact that although the letter of the Chamber of Commerce, calling the attention of the Government to the fact that the time had arrived for the abolition of the Gap Rock Light Dues, was dated the 31st July last, it was not until the 12th ultimo that any step appears to have been taken with a view to the consideration of the question. I note in the second place that it was not until the 19th November that the Estimates for the year 1897 were circulated to members, and that they contain no suggestion of any intention on the part of the Government to relieve the trade of the Colony of the burden imposed on shipping for a special purpose long since accomplished, or any proposals for any alternative measure.

I beg most respectfully to submit that the delay in the preparation and publication of the Estimates, and especially the delay in taking action on the Chamber of Commerce letter of the 31st July, is most injurious to the public interests, and prevents any proper and adequate consideration of the important questions involved, either by the responsible members of the Council or by the public who are directly interested. The Estimates will be laid upon the Council table to-morrow for the first time, and will then only become known to the community generally. I understand that they must be passed before the end of the month, and there is now no time left for their proper and effective consideration. I feel it my duty to formally protest against the holding back of the Estimates until the very last month in the year.

I beg further most respectfully to protest against the method recently adopted by the Government of privately consulting the unofficial members of Council on

Sir WM. ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

Governor, Hongkong.

590

matters the consideration of which ought properly and must ultimately be brought before the Council at its public sittings, and of obtaining from them, in writing through the senior member, opinions on matters on which subsequently they are called on to vote in open Council. Such consultations must tend to render the meetings of Council farcical. There can be no real consideration or discussion, all being cut and dried beforehand. The public may have no opportunity of hearing the reasous put forward by the Government in support of their views, and the unofficial members must be deprived of the opportunity of learning the opinions on the subject, of those they are supposed to represent, whatever it may be. The continuance of such methods must render the proceedings of the Council pro forma, and I submit they are unconstitutional.

I desire that the point and my complaint may be referred to the Right Honourable the Secretary of State for the Colonies, and that his special attention may be directed to this, that if such a course of procedure is permissible at any time--and I do not say that within limits it is not-this question of the Gap Rock Light Dues is the very last that should be dealt with in that way. It is a question affecting the freedom of the port, affecting directly every merchant and trader, a question which ought to be as publicly and as thoroughly ventilated as possible, and to the consideration of which and of the possible consequences of the abolition or retention of the tax, the greatest length of time should be given. The Chamber of Commerce, directly representing the mercantile and shipping interest, make strong representations on the subject, and their representations and opinions should not, I think, be overruled by a secret conclave of gentlemen one only of whom, Mr. BELL-IRVING, directly represents the mercantile and shipping world, and who in fact was absent from the meeting of unofficial members at which the question was settled. The other unofficial members are large land owners or largely interested in land and property, and only indirectly interested in the trade and freedom of the port. This is not a question which should be left to the unofficial members to settle in private, and without a full statement in public of their reasons and a full consideration and discussion of all possible alternatives. There may be a discussion in open Council, and speeches may be made, but there will be no bonâ fide debate. There cannot be, when the conclusion has been pre-arranged.

As to the question of the abolition of the Gap Rock Light Dues, I am dis- tinctly of opinion that they ought to be abolished. They were imposed for a temporary purpose which has been effected, and, more, they have left a considerable credit balance in hand. There should be no tax of any kind on shipping, no matter how slight or for whatever purpose. Hongkong was established as a free port. It has attained its present position because it has been a free port. It can only maintain its position by remaining an entirely and an absolutely free port. The landowners, the merchants, the traders, the professional men, all who are making their livelihood in Hongkong, owe their prosperity to the presence of the shipping. A free port opened on the neighbouring coast would draw away a large portion of our shipping, and the establishment of such a port has been and is now in contemplation. The residents in Hongkong should be willing to pay a "bonus" if it were needful to encourage ships and steamers to this port. The Light Dues may be a mere trifle in themselves, but in these days of keen compe- tition and careful calculation of expenses they have to be taken into account. It is the principle of freedom I contend for. I cordially support the request of the Chamber of Commerce for the abolition of the Gap Rock Light Dues, and I object to the impost of the same dues under another name. I am not satisfied that it is necessary to substitute some other source of revenue, but if additional taxation is an absolute necessity, there are, it seems to me, other available sources of income. House property more than any other interest derives its value from the shipping, the fees for spirit licences might be increased or doubled, and there are considera- tions arising out of the Opium Farm and opium, and suggestions might be made in connection therewith for raising any required addition to the revenue. Had the

591

question been referred to the Finance Committee of Council within a reasonable period of the date on which the Chamber of Commerce brought it to the notice of Government there would have been adequate time for its examination and discus- sion, and the expenditure or economy in the cost of the administration could have been simultaneously considered, but now in the last days of the year the Estimates must be hurried through without delay.

I respectfully protest against this method of bringing forward important questions for debate at the latest possible moment. I further protest against secret confabulations between the unofficial members of Council on public ques- tions, and at the reduction of the debates in Council to a mere pro forma discussion on resolutions already arrived at.

- I may be permitted to point out that in the Straits Settlements, with their enormous arca and extensive interests, the Government there laid the Estimates for 1897 on the Council table on the 1st of October last.

I have the honour to request that this my protest may be forwarded at your Excellency's earliest convenience to the Right Honourable the Secretary of State for the Colonies.

I have the honour to be.

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

T. H. WHITEHEAD.

Extract from the "Daily Press" of 4th December, 1896.

GAP ROCK LIGHT DUES.

THE PRIVATE MEETING OF UNOFFICIAL MEMBERS.

The

His EXCELLENCY-Gentlemen, I have the honour to lay upon the table certain correspondence respecting the abolition of the Special Gap Rock Light Dues. I have taken the liberty of laying this paper on the table myself because I wish to say that late last night, about a quarter to six, while engaged in official work, I received a vigorous protest which was written in his usual uncompromising style by the Honourable Member who has just been sworn in as representative of the Chamber of Commerce. I wish to say that the charge he has brought against me of entering into private correspondence on the subject is utterly untrue. Honourable Member is aware of the saying, give a misstatement twenty-four hours' start and you cannot overtake it. The correspondence was perfectly public, so public that it might have been plastered on all the walls of all the houses in Hong- kong as far as I am concerned. I leave the unofficial members who are charged with holding a secret conclave and being engaged in "secret confabulations" to protect themselves from the charge. I feel sure that some of them have consulted their constituents, Dr. Ho KAI, I think, being one of them. The

The correspondence was perfectly public and there was no intention whatever on the part of the Government to keep it secret.

Honourable Ho KAI-Although it is unusual, I wish, since you have given me permission, to say a few words on this, occasion. As a certain letter has been published by an Honourable Member of this Council casting a slur upon the whole of his unofficial colleagues in this Council, I think the earliest opportunity should be taken by individual members to clear themselves in public and give the true state of affairs in connection with this question. Your Excellency had referred this question of Light Dues to the unofficial members in the usual way. That of

592

course, so far as the reference to unofficial members is concerned, was a policy adopted by the Government and with that I had nothing to do. Whether that is a wise policy or an unwise policy it is not for me to criticise. But since your Excellency has seen fit to send a communication to the Honourable Senior Unoffi- cial Member, at his request we gathered together and discussed the question. Of course the meeting was not conducted as openly as meetings of this Council, and so far as I am concerned I also advocate the policy of the public participating in the unofficial members' deliberations in any place and at any time, and I think it would be better, if there is no objection on the part of the Government, that in future unofficial gatherings should be attended by the members of the Press at all events, so that our transactions there may not be misunderstood and misrepresented at the choice of anyone. Now the facts of the case are that about a fortnight ago your Excellency sent a communication to the senior unofficial member and he at once convened a meeting by circulating a communication to us, but unfortunately I was not aware the communication was marked "Confidential." I do not know whether it was marked by the Government or not, but the mark was on the enve- lope, and that was explained to us as soon as I got to the first meeting. When I was asked by a member specially whether I should regard the mark "confidential" as binding upon me I at once said that I would not be bound by any marking on the envelope, since the business affected the interests of those I represent and not my own interests. I further stated that I would not only decline to regard that as confidential, but any other communication of a like nature. It referred to me not in my private capacity but as a reprezentative of the Chinese, and I therefore would not regard it as binding on myself in any way. In that case, as in many other cases when I have received communications of that kind, I have discussed these questions with my constituents. Such were the facts as far as my position is concerned. Certainly this secret conclave does not apply to me.

I assure you I never regarded such a meeting as a secret conclave. We expressed our opinions to each other as freely as we could and after every meeting it is invariably my practice to tell the leading Chinese about it. I think my unofficial colleague, Mr. WEI A YUK, will confirm me when I say that previously no important question has been brought before the unofficial members that I would not disclose and give away. With regard to the section of the public which I have not the honour to represent, I leave it to their own representatives to speak about. This question has been discussed at two meetings and the result communicated to your Ex- cellency. As soon as the result was communicated I think the Honourable Mem- ber for the Chamber of Commerce asked leave to publish the communication.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD-I did not ask if you would agree to its being published. I had a perfect right to publish it.

Honourable Ho KAI-You said you would publish it and we all said "Yes, certainly."

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD--Did Mr. BELILIOS say so?

Honourable E. R. BELILIOS-Oh, certainly.

Honourable Ho KAI-I understood it was unanimously agreed that there was no objection and that we had a perfect right to publish it. Another serious charge has been brought against us and I take this opportunity, with your Excellency's permission, to publicly, emphatically, and strongly protest against an Honourable Member, whether official or unofficial, casting such an aspersion upon his honourable colleagues-men who are equally as if not more honourable than himself-certainly equally as honourable and as honest--as to say that a body of men had a private interest and a motive in advocating a policy which he considered to be injurious to the Colony. I say that is an aspersion which I take the first opportunity to publicly deny. So far as concerns myself I am not a landowner, nor am I interested in landed property, but those whom I have represented for the last few years, as his Excellency the Governor has appointed me, have large interests in the Colony and it is my duty to look after their interests and weigh

593

them in conjunction with other interests, but I entirely repudiate the charge that I have acted for private and interested motives, and I can only say that aspersions and allegations of evil of that kind will not hurt the unofficial members as a body but will only rebound upon the maker and entertainer of such statements.

Honourable C. P. CHATER-Your Excellency, after the very lengthy and able remarks of my honourable friend, Honourable Ho KAI, I have but very little to add. I may at once inform your Excellency and the members of the Council that I affirm every word and every statement made by Honourable Ho KAI. I go beyond that. With regard to private communications, the Ilonourable Member could not inform the Council whether there was any private communication between your Excellency and myself or between the Colonial Secretary and myself. That is a point I wish to answer for myself. I say most emphatically that I have never had any communication from his Excellency the Governor or from the Colonial Secretary which I have not immediately placed before my colleagues and half an hour after they have discussed it I have sent a reply to his Excellency. Beyond that I state most emphatically that I have never had any communication from his Excellency the Governor or from the Colonial Secretary.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD-Perhaps I may be permitted to make a few remarks. If I have misrepresented or made any misstatements I have done so quite unintentionally and I am very sorry for it. I submit, however, that the methods which have been followed by my honourable colleagues in discussing public questions of great importance are in my opinion unconstitutional and irregular. In reference to the correspondence, it cannot be regarded as otherwise than private if it is not made public. Letters are sent by the Governor to the unofficial members and they meet in secret. There are no reporters present and I consider that to conduct public business in such a way is totally opposed to constitutional Government and constitutional rule. As regards the Honourable Member's statement that I have cast aspersions and made charges, I submit that my letters will not bear any such interpretation and that a question of public importance should not be dealt with in the way this question has been dealt with. I would refer, in respect to the statement that the correspondence is not private, to the correspondence which passed between the unofficial members and the Government in connection with the Sanitary Board. These documents were, as far as I am aware, private, that is to say, they did not see the light of day for a very long period of time--about twelve months, and the community were totally unaware of what their representatives had said to the Government in their communications. If I have offended

If I have offended anyone I am extremely sorry as nothing was further from my

intention.

The COLONIAL SECRETARY—I do not wish to prolong the discussion, nor is it my intention to do so, but it would throw considerable light on the matter if the Honourable Member would inform us if he consulted the Chamber of Commerce about this question. I have reason for saying that he did, and if that is so it would tend to show he did not regard it as private.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD-The Chamber unanimously agreed to address the Government on this question and I cordially supported what they did.

His EXCELLENCY-Have you consulted them on

on the subject of this correspondence ?

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD-This correspondence was submitted only at a late hour in Committee and it was unanimously decided to strictly adhere to the recommendation addressed to the Government, but the question of the publishing of the letter from your Excellency to the senior unofficial member was postponed for further consideration.

The COLONIAL SECRETARY-Then I understand he has consulted the Committee of the Chamber and that he did not regard the correspondence as private.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD-I have never regarded it as private and it should never be so regarded by any honourable member.

The discussion then closed.

}

607

No. 42

HONGKONG.

STATEMENT SHEWING ANNUAL COST OF AND REVENUE DERIVED FROM THE GAP ROCK AND OTHER LIGHTHOUSES, FOR THE YEARS 1893, 1894, AND 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

QUESTION. Will the Government give the Finance Committee a statement shewing the annual cost for the last three years of the upkeep and maintenance of the Gap Rock and other Lighthouses, and the revenue which one per cent. per ton levied for Light Dues on Shipping yields during the years in question?

ANSWER.-

ANNUAL COST of the UPKEEP of the GAP ROCK LIGHTHOUSE and the other Lighthouses under the heading of

“LIGHTHOUSES 33

and "GAP ROCK LIGHTHOUSE" in the Colonial Estimates.

Gap Rock Lighthouse,―

1893,

1894,

1895,

Other Lighthouses,--

1893,

1894,

1895,

Year.

Total.

8,051.86

7,889.47

8,647.58

Total,...

24,588.91

5,764.10

6,768.26

6,915.76

Total,...

Grand Total,.

19,448.12

44,037.03

Harbour Department, Hongkong, 9th December, 1896.

1893,

1894,

1895,

Year.

LIGHT DUES.

Total,........

Harbour Department, Hongkong, 9th December, 1896.

R. MURRAY RUMSEY, Retd. Comdr., R.N.,

Harbour Master, &c.

TOTAL REVENUE

At rate of 23 cents At rate of 1 cent

per ton.

96,064.09

38,858.73

92,909.31

37,518.80

107,315.91

43,413.12

296,289.31

119,790.65

R. MURRAY RUMSEY, Retd. Comdr., R.N.,

Harbour Master, &c.

608

APPROXIMATE Statement of EXPENDITURE during the years 1893, 1894, and 1895 on Works at the LIGHTHOUSES under the Supervision of the Public Works Department.

1893.

1894.

1895.

$ C.

Maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse,.

2,053.83

*7,591.92

1,258.96

Do. of other Lighthouses,

Total,......

142,70

49.23

†1,626.32

2,196.53

7,641.15

2,885.28

* Includes expenditure on account of damage by typhoon.

Includes expenditure of $467.65 on account of extension of buildings. During this year the buildings were repaired and painted

throughout.

Public Works Department, Hongkong, 16th December, 1896.

FRANCIS A. Cooper,

Director of Public Work

273

No. 21

No. TST

HONGKONG.

THE ACTING COLONIAL SURGEON'S REPORT FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor.

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 30th April, 1896.

SIR,--I have the honour to forward the Annual Report of the Medical Department for the year 1895, the reports of the Superintendent of the Government Civil Hospital, the Medical Officer in charge of the Goal and the Government Analyst.

POLICE.

The year has been a remarkably healthy one as regards the Police Force. The total number of admissions to the Hospital is by far the smallest during the last ten years, this applies more especially to the European section, as is seen in the following table:-

Admission to Hospital, 1886,

Europeans. ..138

Indians.

Chinese.

243

221

....

Do.,

1887,

....139

293

187

Do.,

1888,

.....147

279

231

Do.,

1889,

...166

230

194

Do.,

1890,

....149

254

179

Do.,

1891,

..169

285

118

Do.,

1892,

.152

224

120

Do.,

1893,

134

255

133

Do.,

1894,

.127.

244

134

Do.,

1895,

254

116

There have been eight deaths amongst the members of the force during the year; one European committed suicide; one Indian and two Chinese died in the Hospital; four Chinese died elsewhere whilst on leave.

The total admissions to Hospital and deaths in the Force for the last ten years are given in the following table :-

1886, 1887,

1888,

1889,

1890,

1891,

1892,

1893,

1894,

1895,

Admissions.

Deaths.

.602

.619

...657

...590

..582

..570

.496

...522

.505 ....466

POLICE STATIONS.-The accommodation provided in several of the stations for housing the members of the force falls very far short of what I consider necessary to secure the maintenance of the health and vigour of the force.

It is satisfactory to note that additional and improved accommodation is being provided near the Central Station, but in addition to this I would call special attention to the insufficient accom- modation at Stations Nos. 8 and 9 in the City and those at Hunghom and Tai-tam-tuk in the out-lying districts.

I understand that the Captain Superintendent of Police has already represented the necessity of providing new stations to replace the existing Nos. 2 and 7 and the one at Shek 0, and pointed out the desirability of providing additional accommodation, including bath-rooms and drying rooms, in the new buildings.

I therefore only emphasize the importance of carrying out these projects at an early date, on the completion of which the relief of the overcrowded condition of the Central Station should be considered.

TROOPS.

There has been an increase in the number of admissions to the Hospital as compared with 1894, but the percentage mortality is the smallest since 1890.

274

From Table IV. it will be seen that there was a decided increase in the sickness amongst the Black Troops, admissions to Hospital being 1,003 as against 871 in 1894, whilst the total had only increased from 1,309 in 1894 to 1,315 in 1895; the rate of mortality was, however, decidedly less in both the White and Black Troops, this being more markedly the case with the latter.

It is hoped that the improved accommodation recently provided for the Hongkong Regiment quartered at Kowloon will materially increase the health of the troops.

The following table gives the sickness and mortality among the troops for the past ten years:---

1886, 1887

1888,

1889,

1890,

1891,

1892,

1893,

1894,

1895,

Admissions.

Deaths,

1,607

1,749

1,485

1,732

1,915

1,851

2,844

2,927

2,905

3,099

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL.

The most noteworthy fact has been the great increase in the number of Asiatics admitted, as compared with last year the figures are 1,054 for 1895, as compared with 787 for 1894.

This class forms now by far the greatest number of any nationality treated. At times there has been great difficulty in accommodating such cases and many have been refused admission owing to the wards being already full.

Endeavours are always made to admit such as seem to require hospital treatment, but if it is the intention of the Government to provide accommodation to meet the increasing demand additional accommodation must be provided either by erecting an annexe in the locality of the present buildings, or a "Pauper Hospital," as in the Straits, in some locality, unless the project proposed in the Superin- tendent's report of 1892 is adopted.

STAFF.-The Colonial Surgeon left on the first of May on 12 months' leave, and I took over the duties of his office during his absence with the exception of the two months from 18th June to 15th August during which period I was absent from the Colony on sick leave and Dr. Lowson relieved me.

Dr. CLARK was appointed Assistant Surgeon in this Department on 15th May, and on his arrival in September made himself generally acquainted with local conditions and attended cases in the Government Civil Hospital and Tung Wa. In November he was seconded to the Sanitary Board and since then he has been engaged in work under the Board.

The following table gives the number and classification of those brought to Hospital for the past 10 years:-

1887. 1888. 1889. 1890. 1891. 1892. 1893. 1894. 1895.

Police,.......

1886.

602

619

657

590

582

570

496

522

505

466

Board of Trade,

132

103

153

135

110

135

157

132

100

129

Private paying Patients,.....

381

324

313

402

527

464

378

467

491

498

Government Servants,

144

147

159

135

191

179

168

205

168

203

Police Cases,

142

208

242

252

264

240

232

247

272

319

Destitutes, ..

222

255

248

279

283

279

284

262

427

668

1,623

1,656 1,772

1,793 1,957 1,867 1,715 1,835 1,963 2,283

From this it will be seen that there is a diminution in one class only, viz., the Police, all the others showing an increase; this is specially noticeable in the return of destitutes who are mainly Chinese. Undoubtedly many more Chinese now avail themselves of the benefits of the Hospital than formerly, the return of out-patients treated also shews a large increase.

The Hospital, I understand, was originally intended for the medical treatment of officers and sailors of the mercantile marine, members of the Colonial Government Service and those suffering from accidents brought in by the Police.

Of late years the increase in the number of officers and sailors of the mercantile marine and in the numbers of the persons in the employment of the Colonial Government has materially increased the demand for hospital accommodation. It must further not be lost sight of that officers and men of Foreign Navies and officers of the troops garrisoned here not infrequently avail themselves of this institution.

As previously pointed out under the above circumstances the admittance of a number of Chinese has to be refused owing to lack of accommodation.

The admissions and deaths in Hospital for the last ten years are as follows :-

1886,. 1887.

1888.

1889,.

1890,.

1891,...

1892.

1893,

1894,

1895,.

Admissions.

Deaths.

.1,623

.1,656

.1,772

.1,793

.1,957

.1,867

.1,715

1,835

.1,963

101

.2,283

114

275

The percentage of the total number of admissions (4.99) is less than that of the previous year, but as in 1895 it is above the average of the last ten years. This is due to the fact that many almost hopeless cases have been during these years transferred from the Tung Wa Hospital as shewn by the increased mortality amongst the Chinese admitted, viz., 8.35 per cent. as against 2.47 per cent. in the European, see table VI.

The admissions are by far the largest in any year of the Hospital's existence.

Table Va to g shows the nature of the the diseases patients admitted to the Hospital suffered from. Table VI. gives the rate of mortality amongst the different classes of patients during the past ten years.

Table VII. gives the admissions and deaths during each month of the year.

From this it will be seen, as might be expected, that the months of August, September and October contribute the greatest number of admissions.

The total amount of fees received from paying patients during the year was $15,395.48.

LUNATIC ASYLUMS.

There is a decided diminution to report in the number of Europeans under treatment, and a marked increase in the Chinese, 76 having been admitted during the year as against 37 in 1894.

During the year there were eight deaths. Twenty were transferred to Canton.

INFECTIOUS HOSPITALS.

Kennedy Town Hospital.

This building was handed over to the Department in April, 1895, and is a most valuable adjunct for the treatment of persons suffering from infectious disease.

It is situated at the extreme western limits of the City and, consists of one two-storied block containing accommodation for 36 patients together with attendant's room, office and dispensary within the premises and approached by a covered way are situated the necessary kitchen, stores, mortuary and out-offices. The concreted yard surrounding the buildings provides suitable sites for the erection of temporary matsheds which, during the prevalence of epidemics, will be found most useful.

There were five cases of small-pox treated there during the year, one of which that of a man who was admitted in a moribund condition terminated fatally three hours after admission.

There were in addition 40 patients admitted to this Hospital during the year, 31 of these proved to be bubonic plague, the remaining nine were removed to this Hospital under observation.

Temporary Small-pox Hospital.

In addition to the foregoing cases treated at the Kennedy Town Hospital 20 patients suffering from small-pox were treated here, three of which terminated fatally. The fatal cases were those of Chinese foundlings who had not been vaccinated.

Two cases of cholera removed from H.M.S. Rainbow were treated during the year, neither cases ended fatally.

Hospital Hulk "Hygeia.”

The hospital ship was maintained during the year in a satisfactory condition.

Public Mortuary.

150 bodies were received at the Mortuary during the year, the particulars as to nationality and cause of death are given in table VIII.

276

VICTORIA GAOL.

The following table gives the number of admissions to the Gaol and the daily average number of prisoners for the past ten years:~

1886.

1887,..

1888,...

1889,...

1890,

1891,

1892,.

1893,

1894,

1895,.

Total number admitted to Gaol,

Daily average No. of prisoners.

.4,600

674.00

.4,302

584.00

3,627

531.00

..3,705

581.00

.3,414

566.00

5,231

507.00

.5,046

515.00

•

.4,010

458.00

3,913

455.00

.5,014

472.00

These figures show a considerable increase in the number of prisoners, 1,101 more being admitted than in 1894, in only two years in the last ten is this number exceeded.

The number of prisoners admitted to the Hospital was less than in 1894, the figure being 231 as compared with 271.

Of those treated in the hospital 45 were suffering from malarial fever, 24 from anæmia; whilst there were fifteen contused wounds from flogging and 12 gluteal abscesses the result of flogging.

I would submit for consideration the advisability of more frequent floggings of a smaller number of strokes at a time; there was only one case of gluteal abscess the result of flogging in 1894, therefore either the punishment must have been inflicted more vigorously or the subjects were of poorer physique.

Of the 948 cases treated in the cells 508 suffered from contusions the result of floggings, two of which were Europeans. The total number of floggings was 535 as compared with 208 in 1894. Of the others not treated in the hospital venereal and cutaneous diseases, chiefly scabies and ringworm, formed the greater percentage.

There were seven deaths from natural causes, one Chinaman committed suicide by hanging him- self in the cell, and two were executed.

TUNG WA HOSPITAL.

The number of cases treated in this Hospital during the year was 2,732 compared with 2,354 in 1894; of these 1,457 were discharged, 145 being transferred to the Government Civil Hospital.

There were 1,210 deaths, 494 occurring within forty-eight hours of admission.

Five cases of small-pox were admitted prior to May, of these one died and four were discharged. 1,939 vaccinations were performed by the native doctors, 188 of these being in the outlying districts. Many improvements have been effected during the past year:-

Small-pox cases are no longer admitted for treatment but are sent to one of the infectious hospitals attached to this Department.

The wooden cubicles and the obstructions from the verandahs have been removed thus promoting cleanliness and admitting more light and freer ventilation to the wards.

The patients have been provided on admission with Hospital clothing, their own being disinfected. A new mortuary is in course of erection at the extreme southern limit of the Hospital premises, provided with quarters for an attendant.

Monthly meetings have been held with the Committee attended by the Registrar General and myself, various recommendations have been made some of which have been carried out, much, however, still remains to be done.

VACCINE INSTITUTE.

This has been satisfactorily maintained and during the winter was in working order. Lymph was obtained early in October under my superintendence, Mr. LADDS, the Superintendent of the Institute, being away on leave. The stock from which we started our supply was obtained from Dr.

NAKAGAWA in Japan.

Owing to Messrs. WATSON & Co. having informed me that no further supplies were required early in December last, I have received applications from various medical practitioners and firms to which I have responded.

The results obtained by the civil medical practitioners and public vaccinators have been very satisfactory.

HEALTH OF THE COLONY.

Table XVI. shows that there has been a slight diminution in the number of deaths among the foreign residents, the percentage of deaths being 2.43 as compared with 2.53 in 1894.

277

Attached are the usual two tables shewing the number of deaths among the European and Chinese communities from diseases which may be attributable to filth.

DEATHS AMONG EUROPEANS (BRITISH AND FOREIGN).

FEVERS.

VOMITING

YEARS.

DIARRHEA. CHOLERA. AND

TOTAL.

Enteric.

Simple Continued.

PURGING.

Typhus.

1873,

1874,

1875,

1876,

...

1877,

...

1878,

...

.....

1879,

1880,

...

1881,

1882,

1883,

1884,

1885,

1886,

1887,

1888.

1889,

1890,

1891,

1892,

1893,

1894, 1895,

GAG GANGNGUNHỠN

...

***

...

•

...

3 9

...

9 19

One case of Choleraic Diarrhoea not included.

DEATHS AMONG CHINESE.

FEVERS.

VOMITING

YEARS.

DIARRHEA.

CHOLERAIC DIARRHEA.]

AND

TOTAL.

Enteric.

Simple Continued.

PURGING.

Typhus.

1873,

195

319

1874,

125

231

: :

402

...

1875,

291

288

612

1876,

343.

259

696

1877,

145

370

311

834

1878,

481

701

1,304

1879,

116

733

608

1,478

1880,

309

373

348

1,030

1881,

438

168

435

1,079

1882,

679

465

1,215

1883,

262

571

660

1,496

1884,

132

600

301

1,035

1885,

105

755

561

176

1,604

1886,

772

326

1,136

1887,

441

276

764

1888,

299

361

236

917

1889,

363

180

551

...

1890,

342

216

562

1891,

427

329

771

...

1892,

446

231

677

1893,

448

294

742

1894,

1895,

433

312

752

199

264

487

I am afraid that for the purposes of vital statistics the table giving deaths amongst the Chinese is practically worthless. To prove this it is only necessary to compare the return for the last two years, the idea that so many deaths are due to Simple Continued Fever is ridiculous.

An improvement in this respect may be anticipated in course of next few years after the passing

of the new Births and Deaths Registration Ordinance

278

Plague made its appearance again at the end of April, but did not obtain a footing in the Colony. How far this was due to climatic conditions and how far to the prompt measures which were taken to deal with the disease, it is impossible to definitely say, but it is satisfactory to be able to report that though isolated cases occurred practically for the rest of the year there were only 44 cases in all, in every case excepting one, which was under treatment at the end of the year and afterwards recovered, the disease proved fatal so that the type was evidently of a virulent nature. In appendix A is given a list of all the cases reported during the year. From this it will be seen that 31 cases were admitted alive to Kennedy Town Hospital, of these one recovered. With the exception of three Portuguese all were Chinese.

Canton was reported practically free of the disease during the year, but Macao was visited with a severe epidemic in the months of April and May.

The system employed was--

1. Isolation of those attacked by the disease at Kennedy Town Hospital.

2. Disinfection of the infected houses.

3. Segregation of the people exposed to the infection in large house-boats to the north of Stone- cutters' Island for a limited period. That this latter is a most important measure was proved by the fact that cases of plague occurred amongst those so segregated (see para. 10 of Report shewing progress of special work carried out for the prevention of the further spread of Bubonic Plague, dated Sanitary Board, 21st October, 1895). The period of segregation was fixed at ten days, as the maximum incubation period in the 1894 epidemic was found to be nine days. The extent to which isolation of this nature can be carried out is limited in the event of a large number of cases occurring.

Nearly all the Chinese houses are "tenement houses" every floor consisting of three or four cubicles, each with a family residing therein; the people segregated have been generally those living on the same floor as the person attacked.

Notwithstanding all that has been done during the year with reference more especially to cleaning basements, removal of cocklofts and cubicles, licensing of lodging-houses and the increased number of Sanitary Inspectors, no one acquainted with the elements of sanitation and the conditions of filth, overcrowding and ignorance that exists amongst the majority can hope to see for some years to come those conditions necessary for the maintenance of the public health satisfactorily established in this City.

I am of opinion that the only way to materially improve the present unsatisfactory condition of the Town is by the introduction of some such Act into the Ordinances of the Colony as the "Housing of the Working Class Act, 1890."

The following extract from Whitelegge's "Manual of Hygiene and Public Health" gives the general scope of the Act:

"Part I. deals with unhealthy areas, and is applicable to urban sanitary districts.

"It is the duty of the Medical Officer of Health to make an official representation to the Sanitary "Authority whenever he sees cause to do so, that within a certain area either (a) any houses or courts are unfit for habitation, or (b) the bad arrangement or condition of the streets or houses, or the want "of light, ventilation, or proper conveniences, or any other sanitary defects, are dangerous to the health of the inhabitants; and that the evils cannot be effectually remedied otherwise than by re-arrangement For reconstruction of some or all of the streets or houses.

"The Sanitary Authorities must consider this representation, and if satisfied of the truth thereof, "and of the sufficiency of their resources, must declare the area to be an unhealthy one and frame an "improvement scheme.'

are:

With regard to sanitary legislation the most important Acts that have been passed during the year

1. Bye-laws providing for the compulsory reporting of certain communicable diseases were

approved by the Legislative Council on 25th November, 1895. (See appendix.) This is practically the same as the Infectious Diseases Notification Act of 1889 at Home. The object of these bye-laws is to obtain early and complete knowledge of all cases of notifiable diseases and information of the particular district in which they occur.

2. New Births and Deaths Registration Ordinance.

The present unsatisfactory state of the registration of deaths requires early consideration. The obtaining of accurate vital statistics is a matter of great sanitary importance, and I note with satisfaction the intention of the Government to introduce at an early date an amending Ordinance dealing with this subject.

During the year

under review all chair and jinricksha coolies applying for licences were medically examined for the first time in the month of December. The result of the examination was as follows:- 2,072 men were examined, out of which 124 (6 per cent.) were rejected as unfit for such

employment.

Each coolie is photographed when he receives his licence, but it is feared that many transfer their licences.

The recent introduction of a medical examination before granting a licence, however, affords some protection to the public who have a right to demand the production of the licence and photograph from

279

the coolie, and it is to be hoped that this right will be exercised and in the event of the description of the holder not answering to that contained in the licence and photograph the case will be reported to the Police.

Though there has been an exceptional amount of disease of the nature of malarial fever and in some cases of dengue reported during the year, the statistics, especially of the Police and Troops, show as compared with previous years a general improvement in the health of the Colony.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

J. M. ATKINSON, M.B. (Lond.), D.P.H. (Camb.),

Acting Colonial Surgeon.

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

POLICE.

Table I.-Shewing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during each Month of the Year 1895.

EUROPEANS.

INDIANS.

CHINESE.

MONTHS.

TOTAL Admissions. Deaths.

TOTAL

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions.

Deaths. Admissions.

Deaths.

Remaining on the 1st Jan.,

1891,.

January,

February,

March,

.....

April,

May,.

...

June,

July,

...

August,

...

September,.....

October,

November,

December,

Total,......

254

116

૭

466

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

Table II.—Shering the RATE of SICKNESS and MORTALITY in the POLICE FORCE during the Year 1895.

AVERAGE STRENGTH.

TOTAL SICKNESS.

TOTAL DEATHS. RATE OF SICKNESS.

RATE OF MOrtality.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

Total.

European. Indian. Chinese. European. Indian.

Chinese.

European. Indian.

Chiuese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

112

225 290

*627

96 254 116

85.71 112.89 40.00 .89

.44

2.07

Months.

* Exclusive of Superintendents, Paymaster, Clerks, and Coolies.

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

Table III.-POLICE RETURN of ADMISSIONS to HOSPITAL from each District during the Year 1895.

CENTRAL

GOVERNMENT

No. 5

HOUSE

No. 1 STONE CUTTERS'

No. 2

ISLAND.

GAP No. 6 MOUNTAIN

WATER POLICE STATIONS TSIMSHATSUI,

TSAT-TSZ-MUI, SHAURIWAN,

SHEKO.

LODGE.

WHITEFIELD.

64.148

39 7 14 10

12 2 7

24 1 13

6 14

1 14

Remaining

on 1st Jan., 1895,.. January,

February, 1 15 March, April,

May, June,

July,. Angust,

September, 8 12 October... November,

December,.. 5 10 4

Total,

European.

32520∞∞∞44O

5 22

5 JO

9 8

4 9

Indian.

Chinese.

Hi Hi Fi --::--| European.

Indian.

2 1

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

-*:::~**

European.

:::~~::~:::::

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

:::

European.

POKFULAM. ABERDEEN.

STANLEY,

TAITAMTUK.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

رین

No. 7.

YAUNATI,

HUNGHOM.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese,

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

TOTAL.

::::

2 8 32

: : : : : : : :

19 5 12 4 466

J. M. ATKINSON,

Superintendent.

280

Table IV.Shewing the RATE of SICKNESS and MORTALITY of the TROOPS serving in HONGKONG during the Year 1895.

AVERAGE STRENGTH.

ADMISSIONS INTO HOSPITAL.

DEATHS.

AVERAGE DAILY RATE OF SICKNESS.

[RATE OF MORTAL- ITY PER 1,000 or THE STRENGTH.

White. Black. Total. White. Black. Total. White.

Black,

Total.

White. Black.

1,515 1,315 2,830 2,096 1,003 3,099 20

111.18 42.35 13.20 6.08

A. HAYES, Surgeon-Major,

Principal Medical Officer, China and Hongkong.

Table V.-Shewing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during the Year 1895.

DISEASES.

I.--General Diseases.

A. Diseases dependent on Morbid Poisons,~

Sub-Group 1,.........

2,.. 3......... 4,...

5......

ADMISSIONS.

Europeans.

Indians.

Asiatics.

Total.

Europeans.

105

100

198

88888

30 132

403

175

298

Indians.

DEATHS.

1852:

Asiatics.

Total.

+962

B. Diseases dependent on external agents other than Morbid

Poisons,

Sub-Group 1,.

3,......

4........

C. Developmental Diseases,

D. Not classified,

wiiaii

II.-Local Diseases.

ON 65 TO 7∞

Nervous System,

122

Eye, Ear,...

Nose,

Diseases of the

Circulatory System,

Respiratory,

Digestive,

Lymphatic,.

Thyroid Body,

Supra Renal Capsules,

Urinary System,

Generative System,

Female Breast,

Male

Organs of Locomotion,

154

231

Connective Tissue,

( Skin,

III.

Poisons,

IV.

Injuries,

138

165

Surgical Operation, †.......

Under Observation,

ခေါင်းလ

37 143

5.5

3::མྦུ8

177

...

5 1

...

10:

...

•

Total,....

850

379

1,054 | 2,283 21

* Vide III. Poisons.

† Table Va.

888

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

114

281

OPERATION.

DEATHS.

Table Va.-LIST of OPERATIONS performed during the Year 1895.

SURGICAL OPERATIONS.

•

...

•

......

•

*****♣

•

Removal of Tumours,--

Excision of Buboes,

Subaceous Cyst of Face and Tumours,

Gun-shot Wounds-

Of Skull.......

Of Thorax,

Operations on Eye,--

Excision of Eye-ball, Iridectomy,

Operations on Head and Neck,-

******

*****

Resection of Skull and removal of Foreign Body, For Fractured Skull (Trephining, &c.), Compound Fracture of Inferior Maxilla,

Harelip,

Tumour of Iuferior Maxilla,..

Operations on Respiratory Organs,--

Cut Throat (Tracheotomy),

Empyœema,

......

Operations on Genito Urinary Organs,--

Stricture of Urethra,

Lithotrity,

Hydrocele (Radical Cure),

Circumcision,

Perineal Section,

Varicocele,

Amputation of Penis,

Craniotomy,

Operations on Digestive Organs,—-

Laparotomy,

Abscess of Liver,

Sarcoma of Liver,

Fistula and Fissures in Ano,

Operations on Organs of Locomotion,—

Amputation of Thigb,

of Leg,

at Ankle,

of Arm,

of Fingers and Toes,

For Necrosis of Tibia,

of Femur,

of Carpus,

For Fracture of Fore-arms,

Excision of Hip,

Suture of Tendons,..................

Excision of Elbow,

For Extensive Injury to Fore-arm,

Ligature of Femoral Artery,

Necrosis of Tarsus and Carpus,

of Jaw,

of Clavicle and Rib,

of Humerus,

of Skull,

Resection of Tibia and Fibula,

Total,

*****

......

•

.....

...

132 2–

...

724022~-

...

•

...

63 20 - wght

...

108

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

282

GENERAL DISEASES.

Table Vb.--Shewing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during the Year 1895,

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

Group A.—Sub-Group 1.

1. Small-Pox, (transferred to Small-Pox Hospital),

2. Cow-Pox,...

3. Chicken-Pox,

4. Measles,

5. Epidemic Rose-rash, (Rotheln),

6. Scarlet Fever,

7. Dengue,

8. Typhus,

9. Plague,

10. Relapsing Fever,....

11. Influenza,

12. Whooping Cough,

13. Mumps,

14. Diphtheria,

15. Cerebro-spinal Fever,...

16. Simple Continued Fever,

17. Enteric Fever, Synonyms, Typhoid Fever, (Typhomalarial

Fever),

18. Cholera, Synonyms, Asiatic Cholera, Epidemic Cholera..... 19. Sporadic Cholera, Synonyms, Simple Cholera, Cholera

Nostras,.

20. Epidemic Diarrhoea,

21. Dysentery,

Total,....

ai Ho

...

Europeans.

Indians.

...

::: ස

+ :-

Asiatics.

Total.

Europeans.

...

Indians.

...

∞ : :

-::

132

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

Table Vc.-Shewing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during the Year 1895.

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

GENERAL DISEASES.

1. Malarial Fever,-

Group A.-Sub-Group 2.

a. Intermittent, Synonyms, Ague, ................

b. Remittent,

c. Malarial Cachexia,

2. Beri-Beri,

Monthly Table of Malarial Fever Cases amongst the Police.

INTERMITTENT.

REMITTENT.

MONTH.

Europeans.

Indians.

Asiatics.

Deaths.

Europeans.

Indians.

Asiatics.

Deaths.

Cases.

Total Number of

Deaths.

Europeans.

Indians.

Asiatics.

Total.

Europeans.

25889

92143317

16 7

28 51

6 13

21 22

:::

January, February, March,

....

2 4 1 1 1 1 3

...

***

April,

...

May,

3 6 1

...

June,

July,

...

August,

2 11

September,

...

.....

October,..

November,

December,

1 4 4

Total,... 14 why 53 1

156

105 100 198 403 1 1

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

Indians.

Asiatics.

Total.

426:

...

Asiatics.

Total.

Fever Cases.

Rainfall.

Number,

Inches.

January.

February.

283

Table Vd.-DIAGRAM showing CASES of MALARIAL FEVER occurring every Month amongst the POLICE FORCE, the MEAN MONTHLY TEMPERATURE and the MONTHLY RAINFALL during the Year 1895.

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

50°

40°

Red Wave,..

Blue Wave,

Green Wave,.

Black Wave,...

Intermittent Fever Cases.

.Remittent

Monthly Rainfall in inches.

Mean Monthly Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit.

J. M. ATKINSON.

10°

20°

30°

60°

70°

November.

80°

December.

90°

Mean

Monthly

Temperature.

Degrees

Fahr.

100°

285

Table Ve.-- Shewing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during the Year 1895.

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

DISEASES.

1. Phagedona,

2. Erysipelas, 3. Pycemia,....

4. Septicemia,

Group A.-Sub-Group 3.

Total,.......

Europeans.

Indians.

Asiatics.

Total.

Europeans.

Indians.

છ

8 10

# 1969 рав

Asiatics.

Total.

1I1Q)

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

Table Vf.-Shewing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during the Year 1895.

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

DISEASES.

Group A.-Sub-Group 4.

1. Syphilis, Synonyms, Pox,--

a. Primary,

b. Secondary,

c. Tertiary Syphilis,

2. Gonorrhoeal, including Chancres Molles,

Gonorrhoeal Rheumatism,

Total,.......

Europeans.

Indians.

Asiatics.

Total.

Europeans.

Indians.

Asiatics.

Total.

118

*∞ CC-4

100

0701:

...

209

175

34 89 298

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

Table Vg.-Shewing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during the Year 1895.

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

DISEASES.

1. Hydrophobia,

2. Glanders, 3. Horse-pox,

4. Splenic Fever,

Group A.-Sub-Group 5.

Total,..

Europeans.

Indians.

Asiatics.

Total.

Europeans.

Indians.

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

Asiatics.

Total.

286

Table VI.-Shewing the RATE of MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT. CIVIL HOSPITAL during the last 10 Years.

Rate to Total Number of Rate to Number of Europeans Rate to Number of Coloured Rate to Number of Asiatics

Admissions.

Admitted.

Persons Admitted.

Admitted.

1886, 1887.

Per cent.

4.86

Per cent.

1886,

4.25

1886,

4.66

1886,

5.73

5.37

1887,

4.50

1887,

4.56

1887,

6.96

1888,

4.51

1888,

3.96

1888,

4.70 1888,

4.98

1889,

4.29

1889,

3.37

1889,

4.13

1889,

5.41

1890,

5.00

1890,

2.38

1890,

5.30 1890,

7.80

1891,

4.49

1891,

3.46

1891.

2.97

1891,

7.33

•

1892,

3.96

1892,

2.92

1892,

3.28

1892,

5.74

1893,

3.65

1893.

1.57

1893,

2.28

1893,

7.34

1894, 1895,

5.14 1894,

3.71

1894,

3.51

1894,

7.36

4.99

1895,

2.47

1895,

1.32

1895,

8.35

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

Table VII.-Shewing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during each Month of the Year 1895.

EUROPEANS.

COLOURED.

ASIATICS.

MONTHS.

Total Admissions.

Total

Deaths.

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths.

Remaining on the 1st

January, 1895,

January,

February,

•

March,.

April,.

May,

June, July,

August,

September,

October,

November,

December,.

: 02:00 02:00 02 02 pod pred Q2 G2 pod

7 22

• •

115

120

106

·∞NGTONNGOD OD OD

144

176

147

181

197

184

222

252

:OHANGGANG

205

196

161

Total,.

850

379

1,054

2,283

114

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

January, February, March, April,

May,

June,

July,

August,

September,

•

October, November, December,

Table VIIɑ.-MONTHLY AGGREGATE NUMBER of PATIENTS visited in the HosPITAL daily for

1895, 1894 and 1893.

Months.

1895.

1894.

1893.

3,047

3,170

2,447

2,835

2,431

2,107

3,034

2,735

2,298

2,998

2,450

1,912

2,978

2,798

2,426

3,136

2,981

2,674

2,920

3,208

2,593

3,334

3:237

2,689

3,750

3,017

2,811

3,635

3,130

2,597

3,530

2,802

2,491

3,168

3,084

2,786

Total,..

38,365

35,043

29,831

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

Table VII.-—Shewing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT LUNATIC ASYLUMS during each Month of the Year 1895.

287

Dis-

MONTHS.

EUROPEANS.

COLOURED.

ASIATICS.

Remaining on the 1st

January, 1895,

January,

February,

March,

•

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths.

::6202-

•

April,. May, June, July, August, September,

October,

November,

December,

Total Total charged Admissions. Deaths. to

Canton.

::02 02-1

Total,......

J. M. ATKINSON,

Superintendent.

Table VIIC.-Shewing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT SMALL-POX HOSPITAL during each Month of the Year 1895.

MONTHS.

Remaining on the 1st

January, 1895,

January,

February,

March,..

•

April,. May, June, July, August, September, October,..

EUROPEANS.

COLOURED.

CHINESE.

Total Admissions. Deaths.

Total

Deaths.

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths. Admissions.

November,

December,.

Total,..

...

}

...

* These were treated in Kennedy Town Hospital.

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

Table VIId.--Shewing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the KENNEDY TOWN HOSPITAL during each Month of the Year 1895.

MONTHS.

January, 1895,

Remaining on the 1st

January,

February,

March,

April,

May,

June,

July,

August,

September,

October,..

November,.. December,..

EUROPEANS.

COLOURED.

CHINESE.

Total Total Admissions. Deaths.

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths.

Admissions. Deaths.

Total,.........

•••

...

* 3

* 6

+16

*+++

* 1 of these was under observation for Plague.

+ 4

were

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

MONTHS.

Table VIII.-Return of Dead BODIES brought by the POLICE to the PUBLIC MORTUARY during each Month of the Year 1895.

EUROPEANS AND AMERICANS.

OTHER NATIONAL-

CHINESE.

ITIES.

CAUSE OF DEATH: REPORTED, PROBABLE OR ASCERTAINED BY EXAMINATION.

ACCIDENTAL.

SUICIDAL.

HOMICIDAL.

January,

February,

March,

April,

May,

288

Female.

Fracture of Skull.

Drowning.

Rupture of Spleen.

From Disease.

Contused Wound of

Abdomen and Rup- ture of Intestines.

Burnt (in a fire).

Scalds (with steam).

Asphyxia caused by

fall of a House.

Opium Poisoning.

Poisoning with

plant named "Tong

Mong Kiang."

Hanging.

Drowning.

(?)

Hæmorrhage from a Bullet Wound in

Incised Wound of

Throat.

the Throat.

by jumping down from Fracture of Skull produced

a Verandah.

Incised Wounds of Right Shoulder and Right Arm.

Left Leg and Am-

Incised Wound of

putation of Penis.

quent on an Incised Wound of Abdomen.

Peritonitis conse-

TOTAL.

Adults. Children. Adults. Children. Adults. Children.

Male.

*p[Yuus.g

Male.

Female.

Male.

Female.

Male.

Female.

Male.

Female.

Male.

...

FF.

...

F:.

...

June,

July,

August,

September,

October,

November, ................

December, ...........................

Total,......

3 1

...

:..

FM.

ය

FM.

6 Ι

150

...

:..

...

4 2

7 4 1

་་་

2 3

:..

...

་་་

...

12 1 1

110

8 4

...

L. P. MARQUES,

Medical Officer in charge of Post Mortem Examinations.

289

Table IX.-K.-Showing the ADMISSIONS into HOSPITAL in VICTORIA GAOL, and MORTALITY during the Year 1895.

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

DISEASES.

I.-

II.-

Remaining under treatment 1st January, 1895,

Remittent Fever,

Remittent Fever and anæmia,

Remittent Fever and bronchitis, Intermittent Fever,

Febricula,

•

Febricula and anæmia,

Measles,...

•

Erysipelas of left external ear,

Ulceration of neck (tertiary syphilis),

III-

IV.-

Unsound mind,

Epileptic fits,

Paraplegia (rheumatic),

Anæmia,

• ·

Anæmia, General Debility and gangrenous stomatitis, Anæmia and Generel Debility (opium smoker),

Pericarditis and aortic obstruction,

V & VI-

Tonsillitis,

Sympathetic bubo of right groin, Sympathetic bubo of left groin,

VII-

Bronchitis,

Bronchitis and anal abscess,

Chronic bronchitis,

Asthma,

Pulmonary congestion,

Pulmonary edema,

··

Pneumonia of right lung,

Pulmonary Phthisis,

Pulmonary Phthisis and abscess of right hypochondrial

VIII.-

region,

Ulcer of stomach,

Cirrhosis of liver,

Jaundice,

•

Jaundice and Herpes of left dorsal region,

Peritonitis from rupture of gall-bladder, and consequent on obstruction of the bileduct due to a malignant growth

at the head of the pancreas,.

Ascites,

Colic and abscess of left toe,

Diarrhea,

Diarrhea and General debility,

Diarrhea and anæmia,.

Dysentery,

Dysentery and General debility,

Internal hæmorrhoids,

Reducible inguinal hernia (right side),

Anal Fistula,

Anal Fistula and anæmia,

Anal abscess,..

Abrasion of anus,

Ulceration of anus,

Abscess of rectum,

IX & X-

Soft sore of penis,

... •

Phagedenic chancre,

Phimosis, gangrene of prepuce and urethral fistula,.

Phimosis, soft sore and gonorrhoea,

Stricture of urethra,..

Carried forward,

со

Europeans.

Coloured

Persons.

Chinese.

TOTAL.

Политов при сл

1000

:::

:~:

10 201

બતા

Europeans.

Coloured

Persons.

Chinese.

TOTAL.

• Q2 Q HQ Q2 — HI♡ H

:::::

141

161

290

TABLE IX.-K.-Showing the ADMISSIONS into HOSPITAL in VICTORIA GAOL and MORTALITY

during the Year 1895,—Continued.

DISEASES.

ADMISSIONS.

Europeans.

Coloured

Persons.

Chinese.

Brought forward,...

Orchitis of right testicle,. Orchitis of left testicle, Abscess of scrotum,

•

Bubo of right groin (venereal), Bubo of both groins (venereal),

XII-

Abscess of scalp,

of neck (right side),

of fingers of right hand,

of right hand,

of gluteal region,

of right ankle-joint,

of right foot,

D •

of right plantar surface,

of left plantar surface,

of right toe and anæmia,

of left toe,

Perineal abscess and anæmia,

Wounds and Injury.-

Incised wound of right foot, Contusion of lumbar region, Contused wounds from flogging,

Gluteal abscess from flogging,

Unclassed.-

General Debility,

Unknown or Unrecognized.-

Observation,

TOTAL,

TOTAL.

141 161

Q- HQHQQQHHH

205

231

Other deaths-One Chinese hung himself in his cell.

DEATHS.

Europeans.

Coloured

Persons.

Chinese.

-Two Chinese were executed by order of the Supreme Court.

TOTAL.

L. P. MARQUES, Medical Officer.

291

Table X.-N.--Shewing CASES not ADMITTED to HOSPITAL, treated by the MEDICAL OFFICER, during the Year 1895.

DISEASES.

Coloured

Europeans.

Chinese.

TOTAL.

Persons.

Remaining under treatment 1st January, 1995,

Febricula,

Ulceration of left leg (tertiary syphlis),...

1 *

11.-

III-

Trichiasis of left eyelid,

Trichiasis of both eyelids, Conjunctivitis,

Ulcer of left cornea,

Ulcers of both corneas,

Opacity of both corneas,

Opacity of both cornea from trichiasis,

Hypertrophy of heart,

IV.-

Aortic obstruction,

Mitral regurgitation,

Cardiac palpitation,

Edema of right foot,

· ·

•

Mitral regurgitation and aortic obstruction,

Edema of both feet,

V & VI-

Inflammation of lymphatic glands of left axilla, Bubo of right groin (sympathetic),

Bubo of left groin (sympathetic),

VII-

Pulmonary Phthisis,

...

♡ 1 1 1 ∞ ∞ -

02 mm-Q1Q

185

1QUO

Bronchitis,

2 +

4 +

Asthma,

VIII.-

Inflammation of lower lip,

Gumboil,

Caries of lower molar tooth, right side (Extracted),

Reducible inguinal hernia, right side,

Reducible inguinal hernia, left side,

Reducible femoral hernia of left groin,

External hæmorrhoids,

Anal fistula,

Ulceration of anus,

IX & X.-

Gonorrhoea,

Q∞ = 1 ∞ 0) << 1822 1

Gonorrhoea, and phimosis,

Balanitis,

Gleet,

Stricture of urethra,..

Spasmodic stricture of urethra,

Phagedenie chancre,

Soft chancre,.

Œdema of penis,

Warts of penis (extirpated),

Orchitis of right testicle,

Orchitis of left testicle,

Abscess of scrotum,

Bubo of right groin (venereal),

Bubo of left groin (venereal),. Bubo of both groins (venereal),

XII.-

Inflammation of right thumb,.

Inflammation of left arm (after vaccination),

Abscess of scalp,

....

of neck,

of left axilla,

3 t

of left arm (after vaccination),

of right hand,

1343THAT

of left hand,

....

Carried forward,.

130

164

* Female.

† One of them is a female.

292

TABLE X.-N-Shewing CASES not ADMITTED to HOSPITAL,—Continued.

DISEASES.

Brought forward,.

Abscess of pointing finger of right hand,

of pointing finger of left hand,

of middle finger of right hand,.

of ring finger of right hand,.

of right leg,.

of left leg,

of right foot (dorsal surfoes),

of left foot (

of left toe,

do.

of right plantar surface, of left plantar surface, of both plantar surfaces,

Boil of neck,

Boil of right shoulder, Boil of left shoulder, Boil of right axilla, Boil of right arm, Boil of right forearm, Boil of left forearm, Boil of right hand,

Boil of lumbar region,

Boil of scrotum,

Boil of right thigh,

Boil of right leg,

Boil of left leg,.

Boil of left foot,

Ulcer of both legs,

Ulcer of left leg,

Chronic ulcer of left thigh,

Chronic ulcer of left knee-joint, Chronic ulcer of right leg,

Chronic ulcer of left leg,

Europeans.

Coloured Persons.

Chinese.

TOTAL.

130

164

1 *

od ponad pod ponad pro 02 02 02 — QHS Hal

1107 109 02-OD-MNH HHH: 0202 02H 02H GR my mad

Chronic ulcer of both legs,

•

Scabies,

Eczema of right arm,

Eczema of both legs,

Eczema of dorsal region,.

Eczema of left foot,

Herpes,

Herpes zoster of left thoracic region,.

Herpes zoster (of lumbar region),

Ringworm,

Carbuncle of cervical region,

··

•

Pediculi capitis,

Pediculi pubis,

Sebaceous cyst of perineum,

Perineal abscess,

Warts of anus,

Wounds and Injuries.

Abrasion of right shoulder,.

Abrasion of left shoulder,

Abrasion of both shoulders,

Abrasion of fingers,

Abrasion of penis,.

Abrasion of scrotum,

Abrasion of anus,

Abrasion of left knee-joint,

Abrasion of right plantar surface,

Abrasion of right foot,.

Blister of fingers of right hand,

Blister of pointing finger of right hand,

Blister of left hand,

Blister of left plantar surface,.

Blister of both plantar surfaces,

Simple fracture of right ulna,

Contraction of little finger of left hand (operated),

Incised wound of right forearm and shoulder,

Incised wound of right forearm,..

Incised wound of left hand,.

Carried forward,.

....

312

១

351

403

ཟླ

TABLE X.-N.--Shewing CASES not ADMITTED to HOSPITAL,-Continued.

DISEASES.

Brought forward,..

Incised wound of pointing finger of right hand,

Incised wound of lumbar region,

Incised wound of left plantar surface,

Punctured wound of nose,

Contusion of face,.

Contusion of left elbow-joint,

Contusion of right forearm, Contusion of right hand,. Contusion of left hand,.

Contusion of right foot,

Contusion of left toe,

Contused wound of head,.

Contused wound of left external ear,

Contused wound of right hand, ..

Contused wound of pointing finger of left hand,

Contused wound of right leg,

Contused wound of right toe,

•

Contused wound of left toe,..

Contused wounds from flogging,

Contused wounds from flogging and ulcer of right arm,.

Observation,

Unclassed.

Chronic Alcoholism,..

TOTAL,..

293

Coloured

Europeans.

Chinese.

TOTAL.

Persons.

351

403

501

507

3 *

882

948

L. P. MARQUES.

294

Table XI.-0.-Shewing the RATE of SICKNESS and MORTALITY in VICTORIA GAOL, during the year 1895.

Daily. average

Rate of sickness.

Total No. of Prisoners admitted to Gaol.

Total

sick

sick,

number of

trifling

Total deaths. sickness to

Percentage of serious

Prisoners. Hospital.

total.

To Total No. of

cases.

admissions to Gaol.

To Daily average.

Rate of mortality.

To Total No. of admissions to Gaol.

To Daily

average.

5,014

472

231

882

4.607

2.219

2.358

1.396

1.483

L. P. MARQUES.

Table XI.-P.-Shewing the OPIUM SMOKERS ADMITTED into HOSPITAL and TREATED by the MEDICAL OFFICER

during the Year 1895.

DISEASE.

Remaining under treatment 1st January, 1895,-

Dysentery and General debility, No. 4,

Pulmonary Phthisis, No. 5,.

Anemia, Nos. 8, 28, 43, 45,

Diarrhoea and General debility, No. 20,

Bronchitis, No. 27,

Anaemia and General debility (opium smokers), No. 48,

TOTAL,.

ADMISSION.

Europeans.

Coloured Persons.

Chinese.

Total.

L. P. MARQUES.

CASES ADMITTED to VICTORIA GAOL HOSPITAL, at the first Medical Examination by the MEDICAL

OFFICER, during the Year 1895.

SENTENCE.

No.

DISEASES.

DATE OF ADMISSION.

DATE OF DISCHARGE.

REMARKS.

Years. M'ths. Days.

102040S N∞ O

Observation (sound mind) from Police Court,.

Do.

24th Jan. 31st

1st Feb. 4th

On remand.

Pulmonary Phthisis,

Ulceration of prepuce,

11th Feb.

1st April

8th March 11th April

Observation (sound mind),

1st

Ancemia,

15th

9th 22nd

On remand.

Diarrhoea,.

15th

19th

Observation (sound mind) Police Court,

18th

26th

On remand.

Do. (Unsound mind),

Bronchitis,

17th May 22nd June

Observation (sound mind) Police Case,

26th

Ascites,

26th

Unsound mind (Police Case),

9th July

14.

Incised wound of right foot,

Ancemia,

Diarrhoea,

Unsound mind,

16th 11th Nov. 11th 20th

18th May On remand.

20th July

3rd

5th Aug. 12th July 27th

On remand.

16th Nov.

26th 22nd

Remittent Fever,

5th Dec.

11th Dec.

No.

AGE.

LENGTH OF TIME OPIUM SMOKER.

Years.

CONSUMPTION

PER DIEM.

Total number of Prisoners

admitted to Gaol.

Europeans.

Indians.

Chinese.

Total.

Table XIb.-L.-Shewing the NUMBER and PERCENTAGE of PRISONERS ADMITTED into VICTORIA GAOL

HOSPITAL, on the First examination by the MEDICAL OFFICER, during the year 1895.

295

Percentage of Hospital

cases on First

Sick in Hospital.

Admitted to Hospital on

Percentage of Hospital cases on

Medical examination.

First Medical examination.

Europeans. Chinese.

Europeans.

Indians.

5,014

205 231

3.589

7.792

Chinese.

Total.

Table XI.-Q.—Shewing the WEIGHTS of Prisoners (OpiuM SMOKERS), for the First Four Weeks' Confinement

in VICTORIA GAOL, during the Year 1895.

WEIGHT WHEN ADMITTED.

WEIGHT FIRST FOUR WEEKS.

REMARKS.

Mace,

ibs.

lbs.

ths.

tbs.

-2X+10 10 K- 00 0

1골

103

98 100 105

102

113

112

110

108

102

100

120

112

110

114

123

118

115

111

107 106

109

106

107 107 106

117

109

110

111

109

111 110 111

104

101

102 101 102

110

111

110 109

122

120

120 114 110

100

99 110 110

103

100

101

102

103

110

109

108 113

118

100

108

104

106

107

104

102

103

102

107

105

106

112

113

109

107

106

108

103

102

100

100 100

105

104

102 108 106

101

104

103

107

100

101

101 100

100

To total Gaol

admissions.

To total Hospital

cases.

L. P. MARQUES.

To total Hospital

cases.

8.292

To total Hospital

cases.

296

Remaining in Hos- pital 31st Dec.,

1894.

Table XII. STATISTICS relating to the TUNG WA HOSPITAL, during the Year 1895.

No. of Cases Treated in the Hospital, 1895.

No. of Patients Dis- charged during the year 1895.

Died during the year

1895.

No. of Out-Patients treated during the year 1895.

Moribund Cases,

1895.

Remaining in Hos- pital 31st Dec., 1895.

108 2,360

Female.

372 2,782 | 1,285 172 1,457 1,019 191 1,210 108,835 54,457 168,292 322 131 453

Female.

Total.

147 26 178

Table XIII.-CASES of SMALL-Pox treated at the TUNG WA HOSPITAL, during the Year 1895.

Remaining in Hospital Admitted during 1895.

31st December, 1894.

Discharged 1895.

Died 1895.

Remaining in Hospital 31st December, 1895.

Male. Female. | Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. Total.

Nil.

Nil. Nil. 3

Nil.

Nil. Nil. Nil.

Table XIV.-VACCINATION performed during the Year 1895 by TRAVELLING VACCINATORS

of the TUNG WA HOSPITAL.

In the City of Victoria.

1,751

In Out-Districts.

188

Total.

1,939

Table XVI.-Shewing the Rate of MORTALITY among the FOREIGN RESIDENTS in Hongkong

during the last 10 Years.

Years.

Number of European and

American Residents.

Deaths.

Percentage of Deaths to Number of Residents.

1886,

3,040

103

3.38

1887,

3,040

108

3.55

1888,

3,040

122

4.01

1889,

3,040

3.06

1890,

3,040

3.12

1891,

4,195

1.36

1892,

4,195

1.79

1893,

4,195

2.22

1894,

4,195

105

2.53

1895,

4,195

102

2.43

Average of 10 Years,..

3,617.5

95.3

2.74

J. M. ATKINSON, Superintendent.

Appendix A.

Cases of Bubonic Plague reported during 1895.

No. of

Case.

29th

Date of Occurrence.

28th April,

Residence of patient previous to Discovery, Treatment, or Segregation.

91 Praya Central,

27 Stone Nullah Lane,

79 Queen's Road West,

Name.

Sex.

Age.

Date and Hour of admission into Tung Wa Hospital.

Date and Hour of admission into Kennedy Town Hospital.

Date and Hour of Death.

Sam Shu Wai,

Lai Tai,

Lan Yam,......

Male

Female

Male

28th April, 9 p.m.

29th

29th April, 4.30 p.m.

29th April,

29th

5 p.m.

8.40

Unknown

29th

2nd May, 7.15 a.m.

6th May,.

2 Pound Lane,

Lam Su,

Female

6th May,

11 a.m.

9th

14th June,

4 Wing Lok Street,

.(a) | Wong Kin,

Male

9th

9 Holland Street,

14th

Do.,

Wong Tsun Ho, Tsoi Mah Wan,

Female

14th June,

6.30 a.m.

6th May,

9th

14th June,

12.30

6th

"" 11.20 p.m.

1.45

12th

5 a.m.

11.10 a.m.

14th June,

p.m.

Male

14th

5.15 p.m.

15th

17th

p.m.

8,45 a.m.

บรู

་་

14th

Matshed above Holland Street,.| Chan Tsak,

14th

15th

20th

8.55 p.m.

}}

15th

}}

15th

Do.,

15th

Do.,

15th

Do.,

16th

17th

18th

20th

24th

* 19

30th

19th July,

21st

24th

25th

* 26

6th November,

15th

* 30

15th

* 31

18th

13 Rutter Street,

* 32

25th

24th

8th August,

7th September, 11th

16th

10 Heung Lane,

12 Heung Lane,

10 Heung Lane,

Do.,

12 Heung Lane,

335 Queen's Road West,

30 Eastern Street,

8 Macdonnel Road, 63 Queen's Road West, 27 Tsung Sau Lane West,. 3 Tsung Sau Lane West, From Canton Steamer, 28 Bridges Street, 4 Possession Street, 55 Aberdeen Street, 44 Second Street, 17 Chung Wo Lane, 43 Centre Street,

Do..

Choi Kan,

Lo Shin,

Chau Sau.

(b) | Ho Yaw, Kan A l'ing, Fu Chiu,

(d) | Cheng Yi,........

From Alice Memorial Hospital,.] Lau San,

Li I,

15th

1,30 a.m.

15th

4.35

17th

Choi Sing,

15th

16th

.....

Kwong Sun,...

15th

19th

4.05

4.30 a.m.

15th

16th

p.m.

16th

}}

5.30 p.m.

17th

12.30

18th

11.40

2.1

17th

18th

10.35 a.m.

19th

2.50

18th

7 p.mi.

21st

8.35 a.m.

20th

3.35

21st

4.10 p.m.

24th

8 a.m.

24th

10.10 a.m.

26th

}}

30th

10.50

}}

Ty A Yuk,

Chan Ping Chi,

}}

Hau Fong Hoi,

24th July,

8th August, 9.45 p.m.

24th July,

10.15 a.m.

24th July,

9th August, 12.35 p.m.

10th August,

1st July,

3.30 a.m.

During the night of 18-19 July.

12.20 p.m.

2.30 a.m.

Wong Si Li,...

Female

21st

7.30 a.m.

21st

8.20 a.m.

25th

4.50

Sing Kwoon Hing,.

Malc

24th

** 6.30 p.m.

24th

"" 8.30 p.m.

25th

7.50

Lam Su,

25th

26th

2.30

26th

ད

Lam Kan...

7th September, 4

7th Sept.,

6.30

Kwang Wan,

11th

Ho Sam,

16th

16th Sept.,

8.35

11th

16th

5.30 p.m.

8th September, 9.30

Cheng Choi Ling,

Female

6th November.

6th Nov.,

4.10

9.05 6th November, 4.45

}}

U Kwong,

Male

15th

4.20

17th

8.15 a.m.

}}

Lee Yon,

15th

}}

Chan Shi Sung,

Female

18th November.

18th

Male

25th

5th December,

20 Bird Street,

Li Mo,

5th December, 12 noon.

5th December, 1.15 p.m.

* 3+

13th

64 First Street,

Moo Im Koi,

13th December.

* 35

22nd

20 Third Street,

Liu Yun,

22nd

13th

22nd

24th

1 Rutter Street,

Kwong Ching,

Female

24th Dec., 8 a.m.

Recovered.

* 37

25th

66 First Street,

Chon Si Ping,

25th

25th December.

26th

67 Second Street,

Chan To Chi,

27th

29 Mosque Junction,

Laurena Antonia Baptista,

26th

27th

11.15

23th

3.25 p.m.

p.m.

29th

3.30

* 40

27th

Do.,

Octavio Aroyo,

Male

27th

29th

5 First Street,

Chan Sun,

Female

29th

11.30 a.m.

31st

9.25

* 42

29th

5 First Street,

Yup Ying,

29th

* 43

30th

23 Upper Lascar Row,

Li Pan Kin,..........

* 44

30th

13 Old Bailey,.

Mercedes Azevedo,

Male

Female

30th

}}

.......

* Dead when admitted.

(a) Transferred from S.S. Belgic. Came down from Canton the day previous and passed the night in 4, Wing Lok Street. (b) Had been segregated since the 15th of June.

(e) Had been segregated since the 17th of June.

(a) Found by one of the night search party on board the 8.S. Fatshan on her arrival from Canton.

Found dead on board the S.S. Nanchang at 6 a.m. on the 19th July. Walked on board from No. 8, Macdonnel Road, Kowloon, the previous evening.

297

298

Appendix B.

SIR,-In the enclosed table which is compiled from the Colonial Surgeon's Annual Reports is given the Contagious Diseases returns for the past ten years.

The return for 1894 applies to the first five mouths of the year only, as after 31st May no returns were furnished by the Military.

It was on the 1st September, 1887, that the compulsory medical examination of women was abolished by an order from Her Majesty's Government.

The average percentage of men per month who contracted the disease in the Colony is seen to have risen from 22 in 1886 to 49 in 1894, in other words in 1894 more than twice the number of men contracted this disease than in 1886.

The Naval returns have not been sent to the Medical Department since 1890. It will be seen that taking the two years prior to the repeal and the two years subsequent the number of men admitted to the Naval Hospital suffering from Venereal Diseases was:-

1885 and 1886, 1888 and 1889,

435

593

With the Military the increase is more marked, the numbers being as follows:

1885 and 1886,

1888 and 1889,

1892 and 1893,

378 853

.........1,179

I have included 1892 and 1893, as they are the last two years in which complete returns were given.

From this it will be seen that in 1892 and 1893 more than four times the number of soldiers were diseased than in 1885 and 1886, though the percentages when worked out shew 14 for 1885 and 1886, and only 2.78 for 1888 and 1889, and 2.28 for 1892 and 1893.

With regard to the patients in the Civil Hospital it is more difficult to draw absolute deductions. In the Annual Report of the Government Civil Hospital for 1889 I stated:-

"Venereal Diseases.-There has been a marked increase in this class of diseases the numbers being 206 as against 118* in the previous year. Although many of these cases have been introduced into the Colony from other ports, I have no reason to believe that this has been more so than in the previous year."

Although many may have contracted the disease elsewhere, on the other hand there are those who have contracted the disease here and in whom the disease has not become developed until after they have left the Colony.

Taking the same years as before the numbers read-

1885 and 1886,

1888 and 1889,

1892 and 1893,

195

200

301

With regard to the Police admitted with venereal complaints to the Civil Hospital the increase is apparent-

1885 and 1886,

1888 and 1889,

111

It must also be borne in mind that the number of persons contracting constitutional syphilis has very much increased; this, in my opinion, is a direct result of the repeal of the Act.

It is only to be expected that the disease must become more virulent as the women fail to submit themselves to treatment.

In the Annual Report of the Government Civil Hospital for 1891 I stated under the beading Venereal Diseases :-

Although there is a diminution in the total number of cases under treatment during 1891 as compared with 1890, viz., 230 as against* 266. On examination Table Vf. it will be seen that there has been a great increase in the number of cases of Primary and Secondary Syphilis, the numbers being 94 as against 93 in 1890, an increase of 118 per cent."

17th March, 1896.

J. M. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon.

* These numbers include cases treated in the Hospital of persons not included in the classes tabulated in the returns.

299

Contagious Diseases Return for the Year 1885 to 1894.

TOTAL NUMBER OF MEN

Total No. DISEASED ADMITTED INTO

of Females Admitted into Lock Hospital.

Hospital.

Naval

Hospital.

Military

Hospital. |

Police

Civil

Hospital

Total No.

of Men Diseased.

AVERAGE NUMBER OF MEN IN GARRISON AND PORT (PER MONTH).

Soldiers.

Seamen.

Naval

Police.

Seamen.

Merchant

Average Average

No. of

per- Men in centage

Garrison of Men

Remarks.

and Port Diseased

per

month.

411

162

200

401

216 235 25

144

222

268 70

401

244

452

349

419

452

583

MARSSODE:

130

519

1,286

1,101

674 14,683 17,744

0.240

1885

541

1,306

1,178 648 16,507 19,639

0.229

1886

614

1,401

1,152

636 15,645 18,857

0.270

1887

759

1,468

1,097

685 14.277

17,527 0.360

1888

132

998

1,596

1,328

758 13,433

17,115 0.485

1889

153

641

1,534

697

13,015

15,246 0.350

1890

57 129

638

1,571

694

12,607

14,872 0.357

1891

127

764

2,436

596

174

814

2,718

327

441

2,764

696 12,865 660 13,186 16,564 0.409 651 14,319

17,734 0.497

15,997 0.397

1892

1893

1891

* For first 5 months only.

J. M. ATKINSON,

Acting Colonial Surgeon.

Enclosure 1.

Report of the Superintendent of the Government Civil Hospital.

1. THE HOSPITAL BUILDINGS.

The main portion of the Hospital has been kept in an efficient state without exceptional repairs. It is, however, time that the buildings should be again painted and colour-washed throughout.

I have again to request attention to the recommendation I made in my report for 1893, para. 3, as to provision of additional accommodation for private wards (1st and 2nd class).

The increase in the number of Chinese availing themselves of this Hospital has with the present accommodation, I regret to say, rendered it impossible to accommodate all, and I trust that the question of reserving a site for a new Hospital, referred to in my reports for 1892 and 1893, has not been lost sight of.

The question of providing available Laundry and Washhouse accommodation has been dealt with in C.S.O. 11, and I hope that the necessary funds for erecting and fitting up a suitable building will shortly be provided.

II.-LUNATIC ASYLUMS.

With the exception of railing in the upper verandah of the European Asylum, no alterations or additions calling for remark have been made.

III.-SMALL-POX HOSPITAL AND HOSPITAL HULK Hygeia.

It is satisfactory to note that the old temporary small-pox buildings have been removed and the work of erecting on this site a suitable Isolation Hospital in connection with the Government Civil Hospital has been commenced (see C.S.O.'s 1 and 2838).

1894

The Hospital Ship Hygeia has been maintained in a satisfactory state of repair.

As was decided in CS.O. 1

IIIA.--INFECTIOUS HOSPITAL.

the Kennedy Town Police Station has been handed over to this Department as an Infectious Hospital.

Certain alterations and additions have been effected to render this building suitable for the purpose, and I would point out the desirability of the public disinfecting apparatus being removed to a suitable site in proximity to these buildings.

IV.--MEDICAL STAFF QUARters.

The ravages of white ants in this building have necessitated considerable repairs being executed during the year, and this building also requires colour-washing and painting throughout.

V.-HOSPITAL PREMISES.

These have been maintained in a satisfactory condition as far as the money available would permit.

300

VI. HOSPITAL AND NURSING STAFF.

Mr. Lowson, Acting Superintendent, was granted three weeks' sick leave in January, arrangements having been made with Dr. BELL to perform his duties (C.S.Ö. 95 of 1895).

The Superintendent of the Civil Hospital returned from leave on March 7th, but owing to sick- ness was granted a further leave of two months from 18th June to 15th August, during which period Dr. Lowson acted.

Mr. D. G. CUMMING, European Wardmaster Lunatic Asylums, was suspended from duty 7th March, and succeeded by Mr J. R. LEE on 24th March (C.S.Ö. 583 of 1895).

Mr. J. MCKILLOP, Assistant Wardmaster Lunatic Asylums, was dismissed 27th March, and succeeded by Mr. G. SYDNEY on 1st June (C.S.O. 583 of 1895).

Mr. W. E. CROW, Goverument Analyst, was seconded to the Sanitary Board Department from 17th April to the 1st December, Mr. F. BROWNE performing his duties in his absence (C.S.O. 999 of 1895).

Mr. H. C. BAYLEY, Caretaker Kennedy Town Hospital, was appointed 26th April (C.S.O. 993 of 1895).

Mr. MOK LAI SUN, Student Apothecary, was appointed 6th June (C.S.O. 1133 of 1895). Miss E. M. PALMER (Sister EVELYN) resigned on 31st August (C.S.O. 1509 of 1895) and was succeeded by Miss M. E. MEAD (Sister MARY) on 23rd November (C.S.O. 2957 of 1895).

Mr. L. E. BRETT, Wardmaster, transferred to the Sanitary Board Department, was succeeded by Mr. A. FELTHAM on the 23rd August (C.S.O. 2906 of 1895 and C.S.O. 2114 of 1895).

Dr. F. W. CLARK, Assistant Surgeon, arrived on the 14th September (C.O.D. 137 of 1895). Mr. LUK CHOW POE, Interpreter, was appointed 3rd October (C.S.O No. 1477 of 1895). Mr. CHAU KAM TSUN resigned 21st October, and was succeeded by Mr. WONG ENOCH on 28th October (C.S.O. 2834 of 1895).

The following officers were away on leave, viz.:—

Dr. P. B. C. AYRES from 1st May to 31st December, 1895, (C.S.O. 270 of 1895).

Dr. J. M. ATKINSON from 1st January to 7th March (C.S.O. 302/94) and from 18th June to 15th August (C.S.L. 1284/95).

237).

Dr. J. A. Lowson from 31st March to 6th April (Col. Surg. L. No. ), from 31st May to 2nd June (Col. Surg. L. No. )and from 17th October to 25th October (Col. Surg. L. No. 7).

Miss IRELAND (Sister GERTRUDE) from 13th April to 31st December (C.S.O. 963 of 1895). Miss MCINTOSH (Sister CATHERINE) from 3rd July to 26th August (C.S.O. 1858 of 1895). Miss BROOKES (Sister ANNIE) from 1st May to 25th June (C.S.O. 1045 of 1895). Miss WALKER (Sister CAROLINE) from 22nd March to 17th April (C.S.O. 717 of 1895). Miss PENRUDDOCKE (Sister MARGARET) from 30th November to 5th December (C. Surg L. No. 88).

VII.--WORK DONE DURING THE YEAR.

Attached to this report are the following tables :--

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL.

I. Shewing the admissions into and deaths in the Government Civil Hospital during each month of the year, of the Police.

II. Shewing the rate of sickness and mortality in the Police Force during the year.

III. Police Return of admissions to Hospital from each district during the year.

V. General Return of the sick treated in the Hospital.

Va. Surgical operations performed during the year.

Vb. Zymotic Diseases, sub-group 1.

Vc.

Vd. Diagram shewing number of cases of Malarial Fever occurring amongst the members of the Police Force admitted in each month of the

Ve. Zymotic Diseases, sub-group 3.

Vƒ.

Vg.

爷爷

year.

VI. Shewing the rate of mortality in the Government Civil Hospital during the last 10

years.

VII. Shewing the admissions into and deaths in the Government Civil Hospital during each month of last year.

years.

VIIa. The aggregate monthly number of patients visited in the Hospital daily for the last three

VIII. Table of admissions into and deaths in the Lunatic Asylums during the year.

VIIc. Table of admissions into and deaths in the Small-pox Hospital and Epidemic Hulk Hygeia during the year.

201

The total number of cases treated during the year was 8,892, as against 7,956 in 1894; of these 6,609 were out-patients. Minor surgical injuries such as scalf wounds, dog bites, teeth extraction, &c. which were treated in the Receiving Ward are not included.

The number of in-patients was 2,283, as against 1,963 in 1894; of these 2,283, 74 remained at the end of 1894 and 2,209 were admitted during 1895.

The total number of deaths was 114, a percentage of 4.99 as compared with 5.14 for 1894; of these 40 were in a moribund condition when admitted, 31 dying within 24 hours, and 9 within 48 hours of their admission.

The average daily number of sick was 96.3, as against 88.06 in 1894.

Of the total number of in-patients 326 were females as against 254 in the previous year. The following diseases caused the greatest number of admissions :-

Fevers :--

Simple continued (Febricula),

Enteric,

Intermittent,

Remittent,

Venereal diseases,

Organs of Locomotion,

Digestive System,

Respiratory System,

....

Alcoholism,

Dysentery,

Injuries of various kinds,

Diseases.

Cases.

.317

.298

..231

.143

.177

.160

Deaths. Of the total number of deaths 17 were from Lung Disease, 13 from Injuries, 6 from Beri-beri, 5 from Heart Disease, 5 from Bright's Disease and 2 from Typhoid.

Police. The total number under treatment was 39 less than in the previous year. With regard to the different nationalities, there was a decrease of 31 amongst the European member of the Force, an increase of 10 amongst the Chinese.

Gaol Officers.-There were 68 under treatment during the year as follows:-

Head Turnkeys,

Hospital Warder,. Turnkeys...... Guards,.

....53

....12

The diseases which caused the greatest number of admissions were :--Venereal 12, and Malarial Fever 9.

In the one fatal case the cause of death was multiple abscesses of liver

Influenza.--There were twenty-one cases under treatment during the year with one death.

Typhoid Fever.--Fourteen cases were under treatment during the year with two deaths: of these all but four originated in the Colony, two were members of the Police Force and occurred at Yaumati, viz., a European Inspector and a Police Constable.

Cholera.--With the exception of the two marines admitted from H.M.S. Rainbow and treated in the Temporary Small-pox Hospital there were no cases admitted suffering from this disease.

Dysentery.--There were 63 cases under treatment with one death.

Malarial Fever.--There was a marked increase in the number of cases under treatment suffering from this class of disease, the numbers being 368 as compared with 244 in 1894; of these 317 were cases of Intermittent Fever, 51 cases of Remittent Fever.

The disease was more prevalent during the months of August, September and October, hut was generally of a mild type. The Western District of the City appeared to be the one most affected and this was to a great extent caused by the increased building operations, preparation of sites, &c. in that locality.

At the Diocesan School, which is situated in this District, from August 17th to September 20th fifty-eight cases of malarial fever occurred, the average number of boys during that time being 60, so that practically every boy was attacked.

From the 22nd September two grains of quinine were given daily to every boy in the school with the result that during the following month only twenty-eight cases were reported and in several of these the attack was very mild only lasting for one day. This is another example of the value of Quinine as a prophylactic against malaria. In November with the onset of the cool weather the fever practically

ceased.

Frequent miscroscopical examinations of the blood of malarial fever patients were made. in by far the greater majority of the cases the spherical form of the malarial parasite was only found, the crescents were met with in the remittent type of the disease, and the only case in which flagelle were found was one of pernicious remittent which rapidly proved fatal.

Beri-beri.--There were twenty-two cases under treatment with six deaths, most of these being admitted from the Tung Wa Hospital.

302

Venereal Diseases.-There is again an increase in the admissions from these diseases, the numbers being 298 as against 272 in 1894.

enclose in appendix B. a return shewing the spread of venereal diseases in the Colony since the repeal of the C.D. Act.

Injuries.--There is an increase under this heading, the numbers being 165 compared with 132 in 1894, with 13 deaths; all the fatal cases being Chinese. Many of these injuries were the result of accidents, e.g., seven were caused by fracture of skull, three from severe scalds, and one a case of severe burns.

Surgical Operations.--There were 108 operations during the year with 7 deaths.

Fractures and Dislocations.--In addition to the operations the following fractures and dislocations were treated amongst the in-patients :--

Skull (Base),

....

Skull,

Scapula,

Clavicle,

Humerus,

Radius,

Radius and Ulna,. Metacarpal, Ribs, Femur,

....

Tibia,

....

Tibia and Fibula,.

Fibula,

Patella,

Patella, Skull and Jaw, Dislocation of Elbow,

5 (2 compound).

3 (1 with dislocation of knee). 5 (1 compound).

Shoulder,

Knee,.... Ankle,

1 1

Alcoholism.--There is a slight diminution in the number of patients admitted suffering from this complaint as compared with last year, the admissions being 66 as against 70 in 1894. This is, however, considerably above the average of the last ten years; none of the cases proved fatal.

Poisoning.-There were only seven cases of poisoning admitted during the year, the smallest number for years.

In the two fatal cases the poisonous agent was opium.

Small-pox.--There were 25 cases under treatment with four deaths; particulars are given in

table VIIc.

Vaccinations.--Two hundred and forty-seven (247) vaccinations were performed during the year with the following results :-

Primary Cases, Re-vaccinations,

Successful.

Unsuccessful.

Total.

84 ..115

148

247

Lunatics.As will be seen from table VIIb. seventy-nine cases were under treatinent during the year with eight deaths, the nationality of these cases is given in the table VII.

Appendix. A return showing the spread of venereal diseases since the repeal of the C.D. Acts. is given in appendix B.

The fees received from patients in the Government Civil Hospital during the year amounted to $15,395.48; of this the Board of Trade paid $2,250 and the Police $813.45. The fees received from patients in the Lunatic Asylums amounted to $411.00; those from the sinall-pox patients $111.40, giving a total of $15,917.88.

Gifts of Flowers, Newspapers, &c.-I take this opportunity of thanking many residents of the Colony for their visits and frequent gifts of flowers, newspaper, &c. to the patients.

I have the honour to be,

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

J. M ATKINSON,

Superintendent.

303

Enclosure 2.

Report from the Medical Officer in charge of Gaol Hospital.

GAOL HOSPITAL, HONGKONG, 9th April, 1896.

SIR,I have the honour to forward the Annual Report for 1895 together with the following statistical tables.

Table IX. K. shows the number of prisoners admitted into Hospital and the diseases from which they were suffering; Table XIa. M. the cases that were admitted on first medical examination; Table X. N. the cases that were treated without being received into the Hospital. The rate of sick- ness and mortality is given in Table XI. O; the number and percentage of prisoners admitted on first medical examination, in Table XIb. L; that of opium smokers admitted into Hospital, in Table XI. P; the weight of opium smokers for the first four weeks' confinement in Table XI. Q. The record of this last table was, as usual, taken by the Hospital warders.

2. The admissions were much smaller than on the previous year. Although there were 5,014 prisoners in the Gaol, only 231 including 24 Europeans, were received into Hospital; while in 1894, there were 3,913 in the Gaol, and the admissions into Hospital attained to 271. A large proportion of these prisoners were suffering last year from fever and, as it was expected, from anæmia.

3. In an establishment like this, the number of patients alone, without reference to diseases and to places where they were contracted, cannot constitute a sure criterion for judging of its healthiness because, as I have stated before, many prisoners on their admission were found sick or unable to undergo the punishments to which they had been sentenced.

4. It is chiefly with the Chinese prisoners and others who are kept in the same group, of fourteen days' sentences or under, that need be watched more closely. Their daily ration food consists of eighteen ounces of common rice with half an ounce of salt, to be divided into two meals, morning and evening. They have to pick daily 24 ounces of oakum or do some other light work. It is only on medical grounds that some of them get a little tea or congee or more food. I was told that the Gaol would be crowded, if the prisoners of the class were allowed a better dietetic scale.

5. The prisoners that were treated without being kept in the Hospital amounted to 983, com- prising 61 Europeans. Venereal and cutaneous diseases, boils and abscesses in different regions of the body, formed the greater percentage of those cases.

6. There were seven deaths amongst the Chinese prisoners from the following diseases: Rupture of gall-bladder from obstruction of the bile duct, due to a malignant growth on the head of pancreas; Pneumonia of right lung, Pulmonary Phthisis; Edema of both lungs; Pulmonary Congestion, and two deaths in consequence of Dysentery and general debility. One Chinaman, an old offender, committed suicide by hanging himself in his cell. Two Chinese were executed by order of the Supreme Court. One Indian, who belonged to the Asiatic Artillery and was sentenced to three years' hard labour for cutting and wounding, was released on medical recommendation, after having been eight months in Gaol. You will remember having examined him. He was suffering from anæmia and diarrhoea and, subsequently, from gangrenous stomatitis. He was in a very weak state and low spirits, but when he heard that he had been granted pardon, so powerful was the emotion, that it enabled him to stand up and walk, and his health improved remarkably in a few days.

In this list are

7. The number of those that had received corporal punishment came up to 535. also included those that were flogged by order of the Supreme Court and of the Magistrate.

8. Amongst the prisoners that have been arrested or sentenced. I found that twelve Chinese male and one female were lepers. Almost all of them belonged to the neighbourhood of the mainland, and some had come to this Colony for treatment, and had in their possession prescriptions from a well known European medical practitioner.

9. The subjoined table shows the number of the prisoners that have been vaccinated since vacci- nation was first started :-

Year.

Total number of vaccination and re-vaccination.

Taken.

Failed at first vaccination and re-vaccination.

Total number of those who have been

vaccinated or

inoculated outside

the Gaol.

1888,

2,051

1,354

697

1,951

1889,

2,060

1,445

615

2,057

1890,

1,736

1,024

712

1,722

1891,

2,836

1,090

1,346

2,521

1892,

2,625

1,985

640

2,618

1898,

1,417

763

654

1,325

1894,

747

242

505

746

1895,

942

455

487

941

304

The lymph used was principally from the Vaccine Institute of this Colony. It was sent in tubes and also as an emulsion, and is of an excellent quality. Owing, however, to the supply not being constant, the vaccination was interrupted for some time, but I do not think it was of much conse- quence, for, as I had occasion to remark before, the daily examinations conducted for a series of years showed that a great proportion of the Chinese prisoners had been vaccinated or inoculated in their homes. They value the benefits derived from the operation, and had no objection whatever to being re-vaccinated.

10. Since the passing of the Morphine Ordinance, several Chinese were sent to Gaol for illegally injecting that drug. Their arms and thighs were inflammed and covered with thick crusts, the result of frequent injections, and being opium smokers, all those cases were recorded under that heading. The arms of a female prisoner were also in a similar state, produced by the same cause. It would be more correct in future if those cases were returned in a separate table.

11. The sanitary conditions of the Gaol have continued good, and no pains have been spared by the whole staff to keep it as clean as possible.

12. Formerly, whenever a patient under medical observation as to his sanity made a great deal of noise, disturbing the rest of the patients or attempted to commit suicide, he was removed to the entrance■ hall and kept there under the constant watch of the officer stationed there. Under the new regula- tions, this is not permissible. He must remain in the Hospital which has very limited space. There are only seven cells for the reception of patients, two with two beds in each, being reserved for Europeans. The Chinese sleep on the floor, and in this way more Chinese patients can be accom- modated in one cell. This Gaol has been recently enlarged and some alterations are being made. It would be convenient to have special cells, a little distant from the other patients, for the prisoners of the class above referred to and for those suspected of suffering from infectious diseases.

13. Assistant Warder D. AHMED retired last December on pension. He was steady and attentive to his duty and was very useful, as he is conversant with various languages. Assistant Turnkey SUNDER SINGH was appointed to the vacant place.

14. There have been no serious diseases in the Female Gaol. A few women, with trifling com- plaints, were nursed by the Matron Mrs. NOLAN, who carried out faithfully the medical directions for their treatment.

15. In compliance with instructions received last August, I have been visiting weekly the Reformatory at West Point, where there are special apartments for the young offenders sent there by order of the Magistrate. Up to the end of last December, there were only four boys. They were in good health. That establishment is salubrious. It is situated on an elevated and dry ground, well ventilated, between broad roads and facing the harbour. The district, however, is known as malarial.

16. As I stated last year, the statistical tables could no longer be printed in the Gaol and I had to depend entirely on the Government printers. This year, as they had in hand many more important work, there was a greater delay in printing those tables, and for this reason, I was unable to write this report sooner.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

L. P. MARQUES, Medical Officer.

DR. J. M. ATKINSON,

Acting Colonial Surgeon,

JC.,

S.C.,

&c.

305

Enclosure 3.

Report of the Government Analyst.

GOVERNMENT LABORATORY,

HONGKONG, 20th June, 1896,

SIR,-I have the honour to submit a statement of the work done in the Government Laboratory during the year 1895.

2. A larger number of analyses have been conducted than in any previous year and the work may be conveniently summarized as follows :-

Description of cases.

Toxicological,.

Potable Waters,

Petroleum,

Milk,

Morphine Ordinance,

Alcoholic Liquors,

Miscellaneous,...........

No. of articles examined.

108

Total,...

TOXICOLOGICAL.

245

3. The toxicological cases investigated during the past year include three cases of human poisoning. In the first instance, Orpiment was detected, the second was a case of Datura poisoning, and the third a case of death from the administration of Gelsemium elegans.

4. Orpiment.-In October, application was made by the Principal Medical Officer, Army Medical Department, for the analysis of a small quantity of curried beef that had been prepared for six men of No. 3 section, "A" Company, Hongkong Regiment. It appears from the report of the Medical Officer in charge of the Station Hospital, Kowloon, that, twenty minutes after partaking of the food, all the men were seized with vomiting, heartburn and giddiness, followed soon by bodily pains and a burning sensation of the skin. There was no diarrhoea in any of the cases. All the men recovered. The substance submitted for analysis was taken from the cooking vessel and weighed less than one ounce. It contained 33.74 grains of Orpiment--the yellow or ter-sulphide of arsenic.

It is believed that the poison had been placed in the cooking vessel while the men were absent on parade. There was, however, no evidence to support a charge before the Magistrate. To my knowledge Orpiment, as well as Realgar, the red sulphide, is readily procurable at an Indian store in this Colony.

5. Datura. In the second case of poisoning, an alkaloid, analogous to the active principle of Nau yung fa, H✯ (Datura alba, Nees.), was detected in a number of exhibits forwarded by the Police. The man charged in this case with administering a stupefying drug was tried at the Supreme Court and convicted.

6. Gelsemium elegans.-In November a mysterious case of death by poisoning occurred at 32, Temple Street, Yaumati. According to the statement made by the father, the victim, a Chinese girl 18 years of age, had a quarrel with her parents on the evening of the 25th and again on the following morning. At 2 p.m. on the 26th he came home and found the girl suffering apparently from the effects of poison. He did not report the matter to the Police until about 3.30 p.m., and when the Inspector arrived on the scene (3.45 p.m.) the girl was dead. The parents disappeared soon after enquiries had been instituted: the affair could not therefore be further investigated and consequently did not come into the Police Court. At the Police Station the father declared that the girl admitted having poisoned herself with a decoction of a drug which she had prepared in the kitchen. The remaining portion of the drug in question was found in a cooking vessel and forwarded to the Laboratory for examination. An alkaloid was extracted and found to display the characters of the active principle of the root of Tin Cheung ts'ó,

(Gelsemium elegans, Benth.) which were first described in my annual report for 1884. This is the second case of poisoning by the root of Gelsemium elegans that has come within my experience during the last thirteen years.

306

POTABLE WATERS.

7. Of the fifty-three potable waters analysed during the past year, ten were samples from the Pokfulam, Taitam, and Kowloon supplies. The remainder were mostly samples from wells in various parts of Kowloon and the City of Victoria forwarded by the Sanitary Board.

8. From the analyses that have been made of samples from the Kowloon service it is quite evident that residents in that district have now accessible a water supply of excellent quality. The service was inaugurated only about a year ago. The most recent analyses indicate that in point of organic and inorganic purity the results leave nothing to be desired.

9. The results of the analysis of samples from the Pokfulam and Taitam reservoirs indicate that these supplies continue to maintain their excellent qualities.

10. In appendix A to this report are set forth the results of the analyses of 40 samples of well waters. It will be observed that many are highly polluted. In some the evidence of pollution is not by any means marked. In considering the chlorine figures the situation of the well in respect of the distance from the sea must not be overlooked. Mention should be made of the fact that all these wells are shallow in the strictest sense. There is absolutely no provision for the exclusion of subsoil drainage. These so-called wells are, in the majority of instances, merely holes in the ground a few feet deep lined with loose granite blocks. They would not be incorrectly described as subsoil water catch-pits. On the analytical evidence alone it was not considered expedient to certify against many of the samples submitted: nevertheless, I am strongly of opinion that none but the most pressing considerations should suggest a recourse to any of the existing badly constructed wells in the crowded city of Victoria as a source of supply of water for dietetic purposes. It is highly probable if these wells be examined at some future time, and during a season with a normal rainfall, that evidence of pollution, sufficient to justify their condemnation will be forthcoming.

THE DANGEROUS GOODS ORDINANCES, 1873 AND 1892.

11. Ten steamers with petroleum in bulk arrived from Batoum during the year and discharged the whole or part of their cargoes. The 107 samples of oil forwarded by the Harbour Master were found to give off inflammable vapour at temperatures considerably above the 73° F. limit laid down in the rules and regulations made by the Governor in Council on the 7th of December, 1892, under these Ordinances which are restricted to petroleum imported in bulk only.

12. Under this heading allusion might be made to the examination of a kerosene oil lamp and sample of case oil made at the request of the Public Works Department, a number of accidents having occurred with lamps of a like construction and burning a similar oil. The kerosene was found to flash at 69° F., which, apart from a structural defect in the lamp impeding the escape of the products. of combustion, was sufficient to account for the accidents referred to.

MILK.

13. Four samples of milk were submitted for analysis; the results are set forth in the following table:-

February 19th,

20th,

25th,

Date of Analysis.

Non-fatty.

Fat.

Percentage by weight of

Solids.

Total.

Ash.

9.38

3.55

12.93

.62

9.19

4.08

13.27

.74

9.54

3.10

12.64

.71

9.19

4.20

13.39

.69

The first and second samples were from dairies in Kowloon; the third and fourth from a dairy- in Hongkong.

14. These results demonstrate the excellent quality of the milk even as compared with the best dairy samples obtained in Great Britain.

15. The milk supplied under contract to the Civil Medical Department has been regularly tested by the Steward of the Civil Hospital at each morning and afternoon delivery. The results of these hydrometric examinations have been satisfactory throughout the

year.

16. In some quarters an idea prevails that cows' milk produced locally is inferior in quality to the milk of cows fed in England. The investigations conducted in this Laboratory in past years do not support this contention.

307

17. In appendix B. to this report will be found the results of the analyses of 24 specimens of hilk from one of the largest dairies under European management in this Colony which have hitherto not been published. The samples represent the mixed product of a large number of cows. The authenticity of the milk in each case can be proved.

18. It will be seen that the non-fatty solids vary from 8.7 to 9.5, the fat from 3.1 to 4.2, and the ash from .54 to .75 per cent. These results agree with those obtained by the late Principal of the Somerset House Laboratory and by the analyst to the Aylesbury Dairy Company. A comparison of une averages obtained by these investigators and the average results of the analysis of the Hongkong specimens appears at the foot of the table. In the case of the non-fatty solids, the constituents on which the presence of added water is determined and calculated, it will be seen that the results are practically identical. The method of analysis adopted by the Somerset House chemists has been rigidly adhered to in every instance.

THE MORPHINE ORDINANCE, 1893.

19. In six prosecutions under this Ordinance, twenty-three Police Court exhibits were forwarded by the Magistrate for examination. Nineteen were found to contain morphine hydrochloride. In the case heard on the 5th of December two of the exhibits consisted of the alkaloid strychnine. It is not clear, how, or with what object, this poisonous substance is used by injectors of morphine. In one quarter I was informed that the use of strychnine rendered necessary the employment of a smaller quantity of morphine and that less irritation was caused by the puncture of the injection needle. There is room for further investigation in this matter.

ALCOHOLIC Liquors,

20. Medicated Wines.-For several years the question of the sale without a licence of Chinese so-called medicated wines has been the subject of enquiry, but not until last year has it been argued in the Supreme Court.

21. The following free translation of a Chinese label will afford an indication of the general character of these wines. In nearly every instance they are recommended for a purpose that cannot be mentioned here :-

"The medicated wines of this shop have been carefully manufactured from the best selected drugs. This wine acts not only as a tonic but it drives away disease as well, converts the old man into a youth, can prolong life, changes the weak into the strong, and stops the feeling of lassitude after hard work. It gives good spirits and muscular strength: its uses are unlimited. Those gentlemen who have tried it will know that there is no falsehood in these words."

The wines are put up in reputed pints and quarts. The former are sold at prices ranging from 10 to 17 cents each. In all cases the bottles are labelled, but no dose is specified.

22. In the following table will be found a statement of the composition of the 12 specimens forwarded by the Police:-

ANALYSIS OF ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS.

Percentage by weight of

Alcoholic strength in degrees under

Proof.

Alcohol.

Total solid

matter.

Ash.

Remarks.

36.56

9.75

0.169

Cinnamon flavour.

34.79

10.58

0.088

18.29

8.51

0.190

18.91

8.97

0.170

Feebly bitter said to have been prepared from

the penes of 3 animals and hartshorn. Prepared from hartshorn and ginseng.

29.94

12.04

0.193

Good liqueur flavour.

22.45

6.10

0.450

27.34

13.60

0.130

36.90

10.22

0.140

Cinnamon flavour.

25.81

11.91

0.113

Feebly bitter.

35.74

15.26

0.220

Sold with circular in English and Chinese.

30.25

1.33

0.115

28.70

1.46

0.114

308

All the liquors were pleasant to the taste. The colour varied from that of sherry to that of port.

23. The Magistrate decided that these preparations came under the definition of "Intoxicating liquor" laid down in section 2 of The Spirit Licences Ordinance, 1886. An appeal was lodged against this ruling, but the decision of the Magistrate was ultimately upheld.

24. Foreign Liquors.-At the request of the Sanitary Board investigations have been made as to the composition of some of the cheap alcoholic liquors sold in this Colony at 25 cents a reputed quart. It will be seen from the results quoted below that the liquids do not differ in composition, in respect of the particulars stated, from genuine rum and gin.

Description of sample.

Alcoholic strength in degrees under Proof.

Percentage by weight of

Alcohol.

Free acid as acetic acid.

Total solid

matter.

Naval Rum, A.,

B.,

Gin,

42.29

0.0386

0.462

39.69

0.0084

0.625

41.30

0.0075

0.014

A number of other observations were therefore made with a view to obtaining a more intimat knowledge of the composition of these spirits. A qualitative examination for fusel compound. revealed the fact that but a faint trace existed in the Rums; a notable trace was, however, present in the Gin.

25. From the evidence taken before a Select Committee of the House of Commons, on British and Foreign Spirits, which sat during the sessions of 1890 and 1891 it appears that 1230 per cent, calculated on the spirit of proof strength, of fusel compounds was the highest result obtained in the Inland Revenue Laboratory in the course of the examination of 51 samples of genuine Whiskey by the process described in Appendix No. 4 to the second report, (Session 1891, p. 132). The specimen of gin alluded to above was found to contain 1398 per cent of similar compounds. Further experi- ments showed that this spirit was the variety known as "Whiskey Gin

Whiskey Gin" prepared by adding to a plain white spirit a suitable quantity of whiskey essence or flavouring.

26. Another examination was made in order to ascertain the presence of furfuraldehyde. The following are the results :-

Liquid.

A. Rum. B.

Whiskey Gin.

Genuine Rum.

Furfuraldehyde.

Trace.

None. Present.

27. From the results of the investigation the rums were found to resemble the artificial liquids found in commerce which are prepared by adding to plain spirit the appropriate flavour. Both appeared to contain some real rum, but they lacked to a great extent the flavour and aroma of the genuine spirit. The original spirit employed in their inanufacture appeared to have been carefully rectified. The three samples, speaking generally, could not be declared to contain anything injurious

to health.

Their

28. Two other samples of Rum were examined and found to be adulterated with water. alcoholic strength was 45 and 45.5 degrees under proof, respectively. They did not contain any deleterious substances.

MISCELLANEOUS.

29. Blood stains.-In connection with an enquiry concerning a mutilated body found in the harbour, two articles of clothing were sent to be examined for blood stains. The corpse from which they had been removed had been in the water several days. Negative results were obtained.

30. In a case of alleged murder, 16 articles of clothing were examined for blood stains. The dark coloured matter resembling blood stains was isolated and found to exhibit characters quite distinct from the colouring matter of blood.

31. Counterfeit Coins.-In connection with a charge of circulating counterfeit coins, a number of 20-cent pieces (similar to those of the Canton mint) were forwarded for analysis by the Captain Super- intendent of Police. The coins had a specific gravity of 9.689 and contained 45 22 and 52.90 per cent of silver and copper, respectively. The specific gravity of a genuine Canton 20-cent piece was found to be 10.264. From information furnished by the Manager of the Canton mint it appears that only 18 per cent. of copper enters into the composition of the 20-cent tokens.

309

32. Fire enquiry.-In April a report was called for by the Police Magistrate on a basket of débris from a house that had been destroyed by fire. There was a considerable quantity of paper that had been oiled with petroleum and a fixed oil; but the chief object of interest was a curious arrangement of matches round a large joss stick. The matches were secured in a row with thread and strips of paper, the heads being all in the same direction and in contact one with another. The joss stick, about inch in diameter, was placed in the middle of the row in such a way that, when it had smouldered down to a particular point, the matches would instantly be ignited. It was an exceed- ́ingly clever device and would answer the purpose of a slow match and firing train admirably.

33. Disinfectants.-Special reports on the composition of Tuson's, Essets, and Blackheads's Disin- fectants, have been prepared for the information of the Sanitary Board.

34. Laboratory.-The performance of analytical work has been considerably facilitated by the fitting up of the new Government Laboratory which fronts on Eastern Street. The Laboratory Office, store rooms, &c., comprise the greater part of the wing at the west end of the Staff Quarters. The room containing the laboratory fittings is 41 feet long, 21 feet wide and 14 feet high. Around the walls are five benches, each 11 feet long, two of which are fitted with high pressure taps for filtration and drying in vacuo. The benches are of teak throughout and the tops have been thoroughly dressed with hard paraffin to obviate any damage from contract with strong acids and alkalis. Each bench is raised about 2 inches from the floor to guard against the attacks of white ants. The gas and water fittings have also been so arranged as to admit of the benches being readily moved away from the walls when necessary. A commodious fume chamber is attached to the east wall and as the flue is connected with the chimney communicating with the room below an extra strong current can be created from the fire-place underneath the Laboratory. In the construction of this chamber as much glass as possible has been used. It is therefore well lighted and can be kept thoroughly clean. A desk, balance table, and distillation bench are located in the centre of the room. The distillation bench has a superficial area of 18 sq. feet. The top is suitably leaded and amply provided with gas and water. Adjoining it, stands a water tank of a capacity of about 50 gallons-a suitable reserve in view of contingencies. The balance table supports two instruments by BECKER of Rotterdam and one of the Roberval type. A two-inch gas supply is laid on to this room.

Two smaller rooms are used for the storage of chemicals and apparatus: another of moderate dimensions serves the purpose of an Office and Library.

35. It will be seen from the above description that the arrangement of the laboratory differs in several particulars from what is usually considered desirable in Great Britain, but climatic conditions, and an experience extending over more than a decade as to the nature and structure of the plant desirable for the proper discharge of the chemical work likely to be required by the Government has rendered certain departures necessary.

36. Library. The following works have been added to the Library during the past year:-

"Animal Alkaloids, Cadaveric and Vital;" by A. M. BROWN, M.D. (1894).

"Micro-organisms in Water;" by PERCY FRANKLAND, F.R.S., and Mrs. PERCY FRANK-

LAND, (1894).

"Dictionary of the Active Principles of Plants" by C. E. SOHN, F.C.S., (1894). "Watts' Dictionary of Chemistry" 4 Vols., by M. M. PATTISON MUIR, M.A., and H.

FORSTER MORLEY, M.A., D.Sc., (1890).

"Manual of Bacteriology" by Dr. S. L. SCHENK, (1893).

"Principal Starches used as Food" by W. GRIFFITH, (1892).

Agricultural Chemistry," by F. T. ADDYMAN, F.I.C., (1893).

Dictionary of Applied Chemistry," by T. E. THORPE, F.R.S., 3 Vols., (1891).

37. The library is not yet on a satisfactory footing, as for the most part only spasmodic additions have formerly been made thereto. I am hoping that the Government may be able to make a small grant annually in order that necessary works of reference may be provided and the library kept up to date.

38. Research.-An investigation dealing with the composition of Chinese Opium was completed last year,

and the results, in the forin of a paper by Mr. FRANK BROWNE, the Assistant Government Analyst, were published in the Pharmaceutical Journal of the 14th December, 1895.

39. During my absence on special service at the Sanitary Board from April 18th to December 1st, Mr. FRANK BROWNE, the Assistant Government Analyst, undertook the direction of the Government- Laboratory.

THE ACTING COLONIAL SURGeon,

&c.,

&c.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

W. EDWARD CROW,

Government Analyst.

310

Date.

Situation of Well.

Depth.

Total

solid matter

dried

at 212° F.

Chlorine.

Saline

Ammonia.

Schedule A.

ANALYSIS OF WELL WATERS.

RESULTS EXPRESSED IN GRAINS PER IMPERIAL GALLON, (1 IN 70,000).

Oxygen

Nitrogen

absorbed in Nitrates Nitrites. in 4 hours and

Albumen-

oid

Ammonia.

General Remarks.

at 80° F.

Nitrites.

1895.

Mar. 18 Police Station, Yaumati,..

...

4.8

None

.003

None

Tsimshatsui,

4.5

1.2

.0014

.010

...

19 No. 6, Old Bailey,

12 feet.

29.5

5.15

.0560

.0140

.040

...

19 No. 8,

No. 104, Hollywood Road,

26 No. 5, Cochrane Street,

No. 267, Queen's Road West,

No. 3, Ng Fuk Lane,

No. 6A, High Street,

April 9

No. 22, Stanley Street,

May 4

No. 172, First Street,

}}

Tung Wa Hospital,

16 Lamont's Lane,

June

Police Station, Yaumati,

On the E. side of Tsimshatsui P. Station,...

July 5

Ui-hing Street,....

No. 1, Fat-hing Street,

No. 84, Market Street,

៥៥២ ២២២២២២៨០០៦

24.5

4.6

.0672

.0056

.046

4.9

.0840

...

***

...

6.3

,8400

373.8

1.4000

...

***

...

***

3.5

.0840

...

7.0

.0448

...

Present

None

Foul odour.

Strong odour of Kerosine.

Foul odour.

23.0

4.4

None

.0098

.007

...

2.1

.0252

.0084

.09€

...

2.1

None

.0028

.010

3.2

.0140

.0028

.040

...

1.0

None

.053

1.7

.0014

.023

...

3.4

.0420

.0070

...

4.6

.4200

.0840

Focal odour.

Cheung Sau Lane, West,

2.0

...

None

.0028

.080

15.0

.2800

.0224

...

No. 4, Shek Chan Lane,

3.4

.0560

.0042

...

Kung Sing Lane,....

17.4

.1610

.0112

...

No. 9, Yat Foo Lane,

39.0

7.8

None

.0028

.027

.905

}}

No. 10, Tung Wo Street,

39.0

7.8

.0042

.0028

.050

.864

No. 29, Lyndhurst Terrace,

10.1

.4340

.0168

...

No. 215, Hollywood Road,..

2.6

.0182

.0084

.070

Aug. 21

No. 26A, Graham Street,..

3.2

.0028

.100

...

No. 1, Lamont's Lane,....

2.8

None

.0014

.023

Sept. 3

No. 552, Queen's Road West,.

i1.7

.0070

.023

...

Tung Lun Lane,

4.3

.0042

.060

.988

...

No. 166, Queen's Road East,

5.2

.0056

.0028

.027

.691

Present

None

Water very turbid.

Oct.

No. 112, Wellington Street,

7.7

.1680

.0023

.057

No. 70, Queen's Road Central,

No. 54,

Nov. 18

No. 39, Elgin Street,

......

No. 19, Cochrane Street,

No. 91, Wellington Street,

No. 15, Gage Street,

No. 36, Cochrane Street,..

No. 58, Hollywood Road,

བྷ ཐ ཐ ཐ ཐ ནི དེ བ ན

9.6

.0028

•

None

.033

1.304

7.0

.0014

.0028

.023

1.152

1.4

.0140

.0014

.026

0.3

.0056

.0042

.090

.576

...

2.9

.0028

.020

...

1.1

.0028

.0014

.020

...

5.0

.0420

.0056

.150

...

1.9

.0042

None

.026

June 18

Tank on E. side of Water Police Station,...

cation,...

1.8

.0014

.027

...

Date.

Schedule B.

ANALYSIS OF AUTHENTIC SAMPLES OF MILK.

The samples represent the mixed product of a herd of more than 30 cows.

Percentage by weight of solids.

Non-fatty.

Fat.

Total.

Asb.

311

1887.

June,

9.2

3.4

12.6

.67

9.2

3.4

12.6

.67

July,

9.2

4.0

13.2

.72

9.2

4.0

13.2

.71

August,

9.4

3.2

12.6

.72

9.5

3.5

13.0

.72

September,

9.1

4.1

13.2

.72

October,.........

9.5

3.5

13.0

.75

November,...

8.9

4.2

13.1

.72

December,

9.1

3.1

12.2

.65

1888.

January,

9.2

3.9

13.1

.64

February,

9.1

3.7

12.8

.65

March,

9.1

4.2

13.3

.66

April,

9.4

3.6

13.0

.69

May,

8.9

3.9

12.8

.62

June,

9.0

3.2

12.2

.70

July,

9.2

4.2

13.4

.63

August,

8.7

3.7

12.4

.69

September,

9.0

4.1

13.1

.65

October,...

9.1

3.5

12.6

.67

November,.......

9.1

4.1

13.2

.65

December,

9.4

3.3

12.7

.54

1889.

February,

9.0

3.6

12.6

.65

March,

9.1

3.8

12.9

.54

Average........

9.1

3.7

12.8

.67

Somerset House average

9.0

4.1

13.2

.72

Aylesbury average

9.1

3.8

12.9

Not stated.

* "The Chemistry of Foods," by James Bell, Ph. D., F.R.S., (1883), Part ii, p. 26.

**The Analyst," Vol. xii, p. 40.

W. EDWARD Crow,

Government Analyst

No. 107.

457

No. 28

HONGKONG.

DESPATCHES ON THE SUBJECT OF THE MILITARY CONTRIBUTION.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG, 21st April, 1896.

Enclosure 1.

SIR,

I have the honour to forw ard the enclosed memorandum from the Unofficial Members of the Legislative Council on the subject of the Military Contribution, and to submit the following observations on the several points raised by them.

2. The position assumed by the memorialists in paragraph 1 of their memo- randum is, in my opinion, untenable and calls, I think, for no special remark.

3. As regards the contention in paragraph 2, the Unofficial Members seem to forget that no monies are paid away in respect of the Postal Service except for services actually rendered. It seems to me erroneous to maintain that the revenue collected on behalf of the Imperial Government or of the Postal Union brings no profit to the Colony. Without the services of the Imperial Government and the Postal Union, which are paid for by this revenue, the Postal Service would either come to a standstill or the Colony would have to make direct arrangements for the performance of those services, which might be a less economical method than that which at present exists. This part of the expenditure is, in fact, just as necessary to the service as the salaries of the Post Office staff. At the same time it appears to me that there are strong reasons why the entire portion of the revenue which is expended on the Postal Service should be exempted from the Military Contribu- tion. That service is one of the few commercial undertakings which are now controlled and managed by Government on behalf of the public, and I believe that it is generally recognized as a fundamental principle that, so far as is possible, only so much profit should be derived from a postal service as is necessary to meet such extensions and improvements as may be required from time to time in the service itself. Any profit derived from the service, except when so applied, constitutes a special tax upon that section of the public which makes use of the service, from which the remaining portion of the community is exempt, while a deficit is equivalent to a tax upon the whole community for the benefit of one por- tion of it, viz., those who send and receive correspondence through the Post. This is so manifestly unfair that tariffs are invariably so arranged as to guard against such a possibility, with the result that the profit may be and frequently is considerably in excess of the amount required for improvements in the Postal Service, the balance going to swell the general revenue.

A deduction of 17 per cent. from such revenue as might be raised to meet a deficit would constitute a tax on general revenue and therefore from the present point of view would be unobjectionable, but this case is not likely to occur in practice.

The Right Honourable

Mr. JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, M.P.,

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies,

&c.,

&c., Downing Street,

London.

458

( 2 )

A deduction of a percentage on profits also seems to be open to no grave objection, provided that such part of the profit is exempted as may be devoted to necessary improvements in the service.

On the other hand the levying of the contribution upon the gross revenue derived from the Post Office appears to be equivalent to the exaction from a merchant of 17 per cent. of his capital and income, and I venture to submit that the revenue derived from the Post Office (or at least that part of it which is required for expenditure on the Postal Service) should be regarded as the capital of the Post-using portion of the community held in trust for it and administered on its behalf by the Government. I consider that the Government should be in a position to provide a Postal Service for the letter-writing public on as cheap terms (inasmuch as it is not its object to make a large profit) as could be offered by private firms, but at the same time without expense to the non-letter-writing portion of the community. The impost of 17 per cent. on gross receipts renders this position quite impossible. In cases where the General Post Office competes to some extent with private firms (e.g., in the carrying of parcels) the latter must enjoy an immense advantage at any rate if the parcels post is to be conducted on strict business principles, without assistance from general revenue. Again in cases where the General Post Office exercises a monopoly, owing to this impost of 17 per cent. there will be unnecessary hardship either to the general public or to the Post-using section of it, and the hardship will increase as the business of the Post Office is extended. I venture to hope that in view of these considerations it may be decided to exempt from the deduction for the Military Contribution that portion of the revenue which is devoted to the necessary expenses of the Postal Service. I should add that if the contention of the memorialists is upheld, the amount to be deducted in respect of 1895 on account of transit charges and expenses of the Postal Con- vention would be $145,711.00. The total revenue of the Post Office in 1895 was $244,449.71 while the expenditure was $194,240.27, leaving balance of $50,209.44. For the reasons I have stated, I consider this to be the largest sum on which the impost of 17 per cent. should be charged.

4. The contention in paragraph 3 is obviously sound, as the water accounts with departments are simply a matter of book-keeping; the amounts are merely book entries: no money actually passes and if it did it would simply be transfer- ring money from one account to another.

5. I agree with the memorialists also that the items classed last year as appro- priations in aid should fairly be exempted. For example, the Government might hand over Queen's College or the Government Civil Hospital to a Public Body, paying to such Body the difference between the cost of upkeep and the amount of the fees collected. The revenue would be thereby diminished by the amount of the fees, while it would scarcely be contended that Government should not entrust the management of such institutions to a public body simply because to do so would decrease the amount of the Military Contribution. Items of this nature are practically Refunds of Expenditure. A list of the amounts of the appropriations in aid for 1895 is enclosed.

6. The item referred to in paragraph 5 of the memorial should also, I think, be exempted. The sum mentioned, viz., $15,000, has been provided in the Estimates to meet the expenditure on account of refunds of revenue.

7. As regards paragraph 6, I have nothing to add to the remarks contained in paragraph 5 of my despatch No. 267 of 28th August, 1895, except that the memo- rialists are in error in supposing that the revenue derived from Water Rates and the Central Market will, in course of time, cease and determine, although they might be decreased.

8. I shall be glad to be favoured with an early decision on the several points raised by the memorialists.

Enclosure 2.

(3)

459

9. It is satisfactory to note that the Unofficial Members have raised no objec- tion to the principle of appropriating a percentage of 17 per cent. of the Colonial Revenues to the use of the Imperial Government as a Military Contribution, and I trust that, if it is possible to meet their wishes as regards some of the details to which attention has been drawn in their Memorandum, this much-vexed question will be at last satisfactorily and finally settled.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient,

humble Servant,

WILLIAM ROBINSON.

Enclosure 1.

MEMORANDUM on the Military Contribution by the Unofficial Members of the Legislative Council of Hongkong, submitted for the considera- tion of the Right Honourable the Secretary of State for the Colonies.

When it was first proposed that the Colonies should contribute towards the expenses incurred by the Imperial Government in the maintenance of a Military Force in the respective Colonies, the inhabitants of Hongkong cheerfully acquiesced, and the Members of Council readily voted the sum of £20,000 a year-the amount originally levied on this Colony. When the Military Contribution was raised from £20,000 to £40,000 on the promise of a larger garrison to be stationed here the Council voted the increase without hesitation, and there was no opposition until it was discovered that the enhanced contribution was claimed and insisted upon before any addition had been made to the forces in garrison or any extra expense incurred by the Imperial Treasury on that account. Later on when the heavy fall in exchange, while leaving the sterling amount of the contribution untouched, had raised its equivalent in dollars to an amount wholly out of proportion to the revenues of the Colony,-from $254,211.00 in 1891 to $384,000.00 in 1895,-the Secretary of State was respectfully requested to reconsider the whole subject and to reduce the amount of the Military Contribution to a figure which would re- establish something like a reasonable proportion between the general revenue and the military tax. The same question was raised at the same time in the Straits Settlements and in other Crown Colonies, and was so strongly pressed on the attention of the Imperial Government that within the last year it was determined to accept from the Eastern Colonies a fixed percentage of their revenues instead, of claiming from them each year a sterling amount of an invariable character.

For the Straits Settlements and for Hongkong the proportion of the Military Contribution to the general revenue was fixed at 17 per centumn, and in the adjust ment of the amount to be paid for the current year the question at once presented itself in both Colonies as to what constituted general revenue. In the Straits Settlements it was conceded by the Secretary of State that the municipal revenue raised in Singapore should not be included in the general revenue of the Straits Settlements for the purpose of calculating the amount of the Military Contribution. So far as Hongkong was concerned the Colonial Office decided that the 17 per cent. was to be taken out of the gross total revenue, deducting only the amounts received as premia on the sale of Crown Lands, and that there was no deduction to be allowed on account of items of revenue claimed to be of the same class and character as those exempted from taxation in Singapore as being purely municipal.

460

(4)

Municipal Revenue is revenue raised in a city or town for the purpose of defraying the expenditure necessary for the proper and efficient administration of the city or town. It is levied on the inhabitants of the city or town, and no one who resides outside its limits is called upon to contribute. It differs in this from general revenue which is chargeable on all persons within the territory alike whether resident in or out of the town, and which is applicable for all purposes and not confined to purely local expenditure. As a general rule municipal revenue is collected and disbursed by a different authority from that which receives and expends the general revenue of a colony or a territory, but this fact is immaterial. The true criterion of a municipal tax is the limitation of the area within which it is collected and applied.

Although the City of Victoria has no municipal government, and although all taxes are levied and collected by the general Government of the Colony, there are nevertheless items of Revenue which are distinctly municipal within the above definition and not general. The assessed taxes (Police, Lighting, Fire Brigade, and Water Rates) afford a perfect illustration. Every house in the Colony pays 7 per cent. on the annual valuation towards the general expenses of the Colonial Government. Houses in the Hill District and part of Kowloon pay 10 per cent. Houses in the City of Victoria pay 13 per cent., which is apportioned as follows:-- Police 83 per cent., Water 2 per cent., Lighting 1 per cent., and Fire Brigade per cent. The extra percentages are clearly Municipal Rates, just as much as if they were levied by and paid to separate municipalities. They are charged upon limited classes of persons, and for limited purposes, to defray expenditure wholly incurred within the localities named.

The revenues derived from the sale of night-soil under contracts for its removal from the City of Victoria constitute also a distinct item of municipal revenue. The proceeds are applied solely for the benefit of the city and of its inhabitants in pro- viding for the cleansing of the streets and for the removal of rubbish and dirt having no money value to the collector of it.

The Eastern, Central, and Western Markets are within the city and are solely for the use of the city and its inhabitants. If a municipality were established here the markets would be handed over to it as undoubtedly municipal property. The rents derived from the letting of stalls in these markets is therefore municipal not general revenue.

In like manner with other items. A careful examination of the Revenue Returns and of the Ordinances under the authority of which many items of revenue are raised will shew that they are only leviable within the City of Victoria and in so far are distinctly municipal and not general revenue and therefore not fairly, or in accordance with the principle applied in the Straits Settlements, chargeable in respect of the Military Contribution.

The fact of Hongkong not having a Municipal Council should not militate against the Colony being as fairly treated as we would be if we had one.

The Unofficial Members of Council desire further to call the attention of the Right Honourable the Secretary of State to one or two other points in connection with the Military Contribution which were overlooked in the discussions in Council on the subject, in view of the much greater importance of the question of Municipal Revenue, and which in their opinion afford just grounds for a reduction of the

amount:

1. The 17 per cent. should be calculated on the General Revenue of the Colony, less the amount recently raised to defray the Military Contribution itself, otherwise the Colony is paying not only on its ordinary revenue but in addition on the amount of extra revenue specially raised to defray the Military Contribution itself.

461

(5)

2. The Post Office is an Imperial Establishment in fact, if not in name, and is also an international institution in so far as it works in connection with the Postal Union. It has branches outside of the Colony in various ports in China. It derives a revenue from them and defrays certain expenditure on their account. large portion of the Post Office revenue (so called) is collected on account of the Imperial Government or of the Postal Union, and brings no profit to this Colony whatever. Such monies form no portion of the revenue of this Colony and ought to be thrown out of account, it is submitted, in the calculation of the gross revenue taxable for the Military expenses.

3. In the Estimates for the current year (1896) there appear to be items. included on the Revenue side of the account which do not represent any real receipts by the Treasury. Several of the Departments are charged, for the convenient keeping of the Water Account, with annual sums for the water they consume.

Post Office

Botanical and Afforestation

Education

Hospital

....

Police

Gaol

Sanitary, Water for Markets Watering Streets.......

.$ 100.00

600.00

100.00

1,000.00

1,500.00

800.00

2,000.00

1,000.00

These departments do not, in fact, pay any money. If they do, it is money out of the Public Treasury. Such items are only book entries and should not be allowed to swell the gross total of the general revenue, for the purposes of the Military Contribution tax.

4. There are other items to the amount of about $46,000 classed last year as "Appropriations in Aid," and which were deducted from the gross expenditure in order to arrive at the amount of revenue to be raised, but which are used this year to swell the gross revenue. These are not in any true sense revenue at all. They are receipts which render it necessary to raise less revenue annually. Such as the proceeds of the convict labour in the Gao 1. The amounts recovered from Diplo- matic, Naval, and Military Departments, Seamen and Debtor's, towards the Gaol Expenses. The Contribution from the Imperial Post Office. The Grant-in-aid from the Admiralty towards the Lock Hospital. The Contribution from the Chinese Governinent towards Gap Rock Light. Refunds of Police Pay, and of cost of Police Stores, &c. Sick Stoppages from the Police Force, and other items of the same character.

5. There is another noteworthy item which ought to be deducted from the Gross Total. The Colonial Secretary estimates that during the year 1896 the Treasury will have to refund to the payers some $15,000 out of revenue received, i.e., that the revenue to be received will be some $15,000 less in fact than he estimates it at. These $15,000 should clearly be deducted,

6. Lastly, the monies raised annually for the payment of interest on loans, and for the purpose of maintaining sinking funds for the re-payment of these loans ought not to be made liable to the military tax. Such loans were raised on the security of the Colony's capital in land unsold, in its waterworks, markets, &c., and are part of its capital. The revenues now raised from the Water Rates, Central Market, &c., are charged specifically with the re-payment of the debts incurred in respect of the Waterworks, Market, &c., and with the interest on the loan. The amounts so collected are not Ordinary but Extraordinary Revenue, and will cease and determine when the specific purposes for which they were imposed have been accomplished. The Government is bound by a distinct agreement in respect of the Light Dues, which interfere with the complete freedom of the Port. If there is any profit to the Colony after payment of interest and after provision of sinking funds that is revenue and clearly liable, but otherwise not.

462

( 6 )

The Unofficial Members of Council respectfully request that the amount of the Military Contribution for 1896 may be reconsidered and that the Secretary of State would be pleased to give specific directions on all the points herein raised.

(Signed),

C. P. CHATER.

HO KAI.

T. H. WHITEHEAD.

E. R. BELILIOS.

J. J. BELL-IRVING.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG, 31ST MARCH, 1896.

Convict Labour,

Enclosure 2.

Appropriations in Aid, 1895.

Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval and

Military Departments,

Grant from Imperial Post Office, Grant from Admiralty to Lock Hospital, Medical Treatment of Patients in Civil

Maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse, Queen's College Fees,

Refund of Police Pay,.......

Refund Cost of Police and other Stores, School for Girls. Fees from Scholars, Sick Stoppages from Police Force,. Subsistence Money of Seamen and others

in Victoria Gaol, .............

Sale of Plants,.

Sale of Forestry Products,

$ 5,514.67 Gaol.

1,413.05 Gaol.

6,637.31

945.29

...

15,255.64

....

Post Office.

Female Venereal Ward.

Civil Hospital.

750.00 Harbour Department.

12,667.00 Queen's College.

2,232.12

Police.

386.05 Police.

452.00

Inspector of Schools. 813.45 Civil Hospital.

448.75 Gaol.

854.03 678.19

Gardens.

TOTAL,.........

.$ 49,047.55

(Despatch from the Secretary of State to the Governor.)

HONGKONG.

No. 128.

SIR,

DOWNING STREET,

8th June, 1896.

I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 107 of 21st April last, forwarding a Memorandum from the Unofficial Members of the Legislative Council, in which they suggest that certain items should be omitted from the Statement of Revenue, on which the Military Contribution is based.

2. I regret that I am unable to meet the views of the Unofficial Members in this matter, and I would observe that if any of their proposals were adopted, it would be necessary to reconsider the proportion of Revenue which has been fixed as the amount of the Contribution.

Governor

(7)

463

3. That proportion, seventeen and half per cent., taken on the total gross revenue of the Colony, less Land Sales, and including all those items which have hitherto been accounted for as Revenue, appears to me to be by no means an unreasonable sum to ask the Colony to contribute; and I have already explained in my despatch No. 258 of 26th October last why I consider that there is no unfairness in charging the same percentage in the case of Hongkong as in that of the Straits Settlements, although in the latter Colony municipal revenues are not taken into account.

4. Turning to those items of Revenue which were in the Estimates for 1895, (for the first and last time), treated as Appropriations in Aid, I would remark that they are in the nature of reimbursements towards expenditure, most or all of which expenditure would have to be incurred, even if nothing were recovered by way of reimbursement. These receipts are therefore, in my opinion, properly treated as Revenue, and as indicated in my telegram of this day's date I can see no sufficient reason for deducting them from the total on which the Contribution is to be based.

5. Similarly I can see no reason for deducting any portion of the Postal Receipts, as proposed in your despatch under acknowledgment. Most of the arguments advanced by you on this point would apply equally to several other Heads of Revenue, e.g., Harbour Receipts, Court Receipts, and Water Receipts, all of which might in one sense be regarded as reimbursements in aid of expenditure.

6. I request you to lay this despatch and my despatch of 26th October last before the Legislative Council.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient,

SIR W. ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

&c.,

&c.

humble Servant,

J. CHAMBERLAIN,

NOTE.-The previous despatches to which reference is made in the above corres- pondence, viz., Governor's despatch No. 267 of the 28th August, 1895, and Mr. CHAMBERLAIN'S despatch No. 258 of the 26th October, 1895, have already been printed and laid.

}

609

No. 43

HONGKONG.

DESPATCH RESPECTING THE MILITARY CONTRIBUTION.

To be laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

Secretary of State to the Governor.

HONGKONG.

No. 249.

SIR,

DOWNING STREET,

18th November, 1896.

I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Despatch No. 225 of 23rd September last, forwarding a Memorandum from the Unofficial Members of the Legislative Council, asking that the Military Contribution should be again fixed at £40,000 a year, instead of being 17 per cent. of the gross revenue, less the proceeds of land sales.

2. I request you to inform the Members of the Council, that Her Majesty's Government regret that they cannot agree to this proposal, as they cannot admit that a fixed rate of contribution for all time, irrespective of the comparative financial ability of the Colony to contribute to the cost of its defence, is a fair or reasonable arrangement.

3. You will remember that in Viscount KNUTSFORD'S Despatch No. 8 of 20th January, 1890, the contribution of £40,000 a year was fixed for three years only, (afterwards extended to five years), on the distinct understanding that the rate would be re-considered later on, and possibly increased. The Members of the Council are therefore in error in implying, in paragraph 8 of their Memorandum, that the question was only re-considered in consequence of their representations that the contribution of £40,000 was excessive.

4. They are also under a misapprehension in supposing that my Despatch No. 128 of 8th June was intended to preclude any future remission of taxation in the Colony, should it hereafter appear that the Revenue exceeded the necessary expenditure of the Colony. That Despatch merely stated that if the accounts were altered so as to take large items of receipts out of the Revenue, on which the Military Contribution is calculated, it would be necessary to consider the question of altering the rate of percentage.

5. I adhere to the opinion that seventeen and a half per cent. of the gross revenue (less land sales) as at present brought to account, is by no means an unreasonable amount for the Colony to contribute towards its defence.

6. I request you to lay this Despatch before the Legislative Council.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient,

humble Servant,

J. CHAMBERLAIN.

Governor

Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

&c.,

&c.

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE OBSERVATORY FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

497 No. 33

96.

HONGKONG OBSERVATORY,

21st April, 1896.

SIR,I have the honour to submit my annual report for 1895 to His Excellency the Governor. My eleventh volume of observations and researches was published last summer and the twelvth volume is now being printed. It contains investigations of the typhoons in 1890, 1891, 1893 and 1895, which I have conducted in co-operation with Mr. FIGG. Thus all the typhoons that have been observed since this Observatory was started in 1884 have now been investigated, and we are at present busy with a revision of the laws of storms on the basis of these investigations. This will probably be finished in a year, and the results can be utilised for weather-forecasts and storm-warnings in 1897 and following years.

2. The thanks of the Government are due to the Telegraph Companies for continuing to forward the meteorological telegrams free of charge. If paid for at the rate charged for messages with precedence urgency the cost per annum would be very great. Most important telegrams are also forwarded by the Chinese Telegraph Administration with precedence urgency and free of cost, but they are very often received too late.

•

3. The thanks of the Government are due to the Inspector-General of the Imperial-Maritime Customs of China for ordering meteorological observations to be made at the Treaty Ports and transmitted to this Observatory, and it is to be hoped that it may be found possible to greatly extend the number of ports from which such information is telegraphed. There exists no meteorological service in China and the information that can be collected at present is insufficient. For the issue of weather-forecasts and storm-warnings it is necessary that the China Sea should be surrounded by telegraphic reporting stations worked by trained observers supplied with accurate instruments, and reports from the north of China and from stations inland in China such as the treaty ports along the Yangtzekiang are equally necessary.

4. During the past year the staffs of the Eastern Extension Telegraph Company at Bolinao (Luzon) and at Sharp Peak (near Foochow), made observations at all times during the day and telegraphed them direct to Hongkong, and this frequently enabled Mr. FIGG to indicate the subsequent movements of typhoons with much greater accuracy than could have been effected without that information, in the absence of which in fact many typhoons could not have been announced at all.

5. Telegraphic connection with Victoria was interrupted on the 12th February, 1895, from 10.35 a. to 11.40 a.; from the 13th February at 7 a. to the 14th February at 4.30 p.; on the 19th February from 7.40 a. to 12.30 p.; on the 16th March from 3.36 p. to 3.59 p.; on the 23rd April from 6.25 a. to 1.54 p.; on the 30th April from 12.52 p. to 2.4 p.; on the 1st June from 3.25 p. to 4.48 p.; on the 13th June from 10.50 a. to 1.45 p.; on the 20th June from 6.43 a. to 7 a.; on the 28th June from noon to 2.25 p.; from the 29th June at 4.33 p. to the 30th June at 9.40 a.; on the 27th July from 11.13 a. to 11.25 a.; on the 28th July from 11 a. to 11.55 a. and from 4.24 p. to 4.38 p.; on the 31st October from 1.54 p. to 3 p.; on the 3rd December from 10.49 a. to 11.20 a. Interruptions occurred therefore on 17 days, and, of course, also during thunder-storms. Telephone connection with the Peak was interrupted on the 10th January from 11 a. to 1 p.; on the 17th January from 3 p. to 8 p.; on the 31st January from 1 թ. to 3 p. and from 6 p to 8 p.; on the 11th February from 6 p. to 8 p.; on the 26th February from 4 p. to 8 p.; on the 2nd March from 7 a. to 3 p.; on the 11th March from 3 p. to 8. p.; on the 15th March from 7 a. to 8 p.; on the 17th March from 3 p. to 8 p.; on the 20th March from 3 p. to 8 p.; on the 21st March from 3 p. to 8 p.; on the 29th March from 3 p. to 8 p.; on the 1st April from 7 a. to 3 p.; on the 22nd April from 11 a. to 4 p.; on the 30th April from 4 p. to 8 p.; on the 4th May from 4 p. to 8 p.; on the 9th May from 4 p. to 8 p.; on the 22nd May from 4 p. to 8 p.; on the 27th May from 4 p. to 8 p.; on the 4th June from 4 p. to 8 p.; on the 8th June from 4 p. to 8 p.; on the 1st November from 7 p. to 8 p.; i.e., on the 22 days as well as during thunder-storms,

6. The China Coast Meteorological Register was printed daily at the Observatory, and information regarding storms was telegraphed to and exhibited on notice boards in Hongkong and elsewhere as often and as fully as such information could be justified by the weather telegrams received. This happened on 45 days in 1895. The Red Drum was hoisted 5 times, the Black Drum 3 times, the

498

Black South Cone 5 times, the Black Ball 1 time, Two Lanterns vertically 3 times, and horizontally 1 time, The Gun was fired one round once in 1895. Printed expresses were circulated twice.

7. During 1895, in addition to meteorological registers kept at about 30 stations on shore, 1,977 ship-logs have been received, 1,708 were forwarded by Captains, and 269 were copied on board ship in the harbour. The ship-logs collected in 1895 were thus distributed :-for 1893, 1 log; for 1894, 59 logs; for 1895, 1,917 logs. The total number of ships, whose log-books have been made use of, was 296.

The total number of days' observations was 16,835. These data are collected, reduced, tabulated and made available for the study of typhoons and other meteorological features by Miss DOBERCK.

8. The entry of observations made at sea in degree squares for the area between 9° south and 45° north latitude, and between the longitude of Singapore and 180° East of Greenwich for the construction of trustworthy pilot charts has been continued, and 94,322 observations in all have now been entered.

Table I.

Meteorological Observations entered in 10 Squares in 1893, 1894 and 1895.

Square

number.

January. Feb. March. April.

May. June.

July.

August.

Sept. October.

Nov.

Dec.

222

1806

133

187

156

188

148

213

159

122

121

295

234

192

166

255

213

121

921

932

1306

1345

1618

1511

1549

1605

1423

1467

1255

1025

146

156

129

128

197

122

103

867

892

1289

1216

1652

1695

1547

1554

1697

1361

1142

969

769

935

1114

1224

1448

1312

1034

1009

1107

.980

864

844

996

841

892

901

1293

1300

1243

1214

1026

1178

969

989

360

336

429

445

550

552

422

430

454

444

424

405

105

140

169

178

138

135

124

146

135

137

127

128

129

130

138

127

146

189

213

199

149

178

133

167

131

199

173

171

168

203

247

237

263

187

212

241

186

132

186

370

575

567

782

819

908

781

740

833

714

485

133

43.

163

110

138

108

164

146

176

143

155

117

165

109

140

196

148

162

110

166

167

168

199

200

319

320

1000.000

321

ཨ༤༠

322

323

158

110

140

109

129

324

116

325

136

122

144

177

142

148

208

167

130

110

117

101

6338

6003

7469

7503

9185

9140

9235

8719

8321

$228

7406

6775

9. As stated in the "Instructions for making Meteorological Observations etc.," meteorological instruments forwarded by observers who regularly send their registers to the Observatory are verified here free of cost. During the past year 4 barometers, 2 anëroids and 76 thermometers were verified. In addition several hundred barometers and aneroids on board ship were compared with our standard.

499

10. The following table shows the spectroscopic rainband as observed daily at about 10 a. The mean value for the year was 2.1:

Table II.

Rainband in 1895.

Date.

Jan. Feb. Mar.

April. May. June.

July.

Aug. Sept.

Oct. Nov. Dec.

1,........ 2,........

2 2

3.........

+ T

2+.

2 3

2 2

4,...

5,....

7.........

9,.........

10,.....

12,.......

13,.

14,.......

15,.........

16,.........

17,........

18,..........

19,.......

20,........

21,.......

22,..

23,.....

24,.

1 2 2

N N

~ ~

2 61

+ 1

N N N N N

~N~

❤

2 2 2

—

2 2 2

లు

pand

2 2

∞ 2 1

2 2

∞ N N 19

G CI

2 2

دن

N N

2 2

25,.........

26,.........

1+ 1+

2 2 2

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

2 2

27,.....

1 +

28,..

29,....

+ +

2 2 2

-eff

NIN

www

...

1.39

Mean,

1.48 2.04 2.06 2.20 2.29 2.37 3.10 2.81 2.20 1.90 1.30

11. Mr. PLUMMER observed 514 transits in 1895, and levelled the axis of the transit instrument 181 times. The rates of the standard clocks are exhibited in the following tables. They are com- pared with the rates calculated from formulæ exhibited at the head of the tables. The rate and arc of the standard mean time clock last spring indicated that it was again rusty, and it was cleaned in the beginning of May. Table V. shows the errors of the time-ball in 1895. The probable error was in January 009, in February 0; 19, in March ( 21, in April 05 12, in May 03 13, in June 03 12, in July 05 09, in August 0:11, in September 0 13, in October 0 13, in November 0 12, and in December 0 11. The errors depend apparently upon the mean amount of clouds, but really upon the periods of cloudy weather when no transits can be obtained. The time-ball is not hoisted on Government holidays. It was not hoisted on the 5th February, as the reversing galvanometer was under repair, on the 29th May, as the lock was under repair, a broken spring being replaced, on the 19th of June, when Mr. Ho To-SHANG, Second Assistant, forgot the key of the tower, on the 28th July owing to a strong gale, on the 14th September, when the line was interrupted, the Public Works Department making alterations, and on the 2nd and 24th November when there was no discharge current, the fault lying with the battery. On 7 days the ball was therefore not hoisted. It was hoisted but failed to drop 5 times. On the 3rd and 28th May the failure was due to the reversing galvanometer being out of adjustment. On the 31st May the piston failed to rest on the tooth of the lock. On the 1st of June the hammer spring was not pulled tight enough. On the 1st of September the cause of failure is not known.

500

Table III.

Rate of Dent Sidereal Standard Clock in 1895.

-0.65-0ʻ.063 (r-70°)

[arc=3° 4' 2']

Observed rate

Temp.

Calculated rate.

Period.

December 31-January

10,........

-0.24

62.5

-0.18

-0.06

January 10-

20,....

-0.14

60.5

-0.05

-0.09

20-

30,....

-0.04

59.7

0.00

-0.04

30-February

9,........

-0.17

60.2

-0.04

-0.13

February 9-

19,......

-0.24

61.3

-0.10

-0.14

19--March

-0.28

63.6

-0.25

-0.03

March

11,......

-0.36

65.0

-0.34

-0.02

11-

21,....

-0.42

65.8

-0.39

-0.03

April

May

21-

31-April

10-

20-

30--May

10--

20-~

30-June

31,..

-0.41

64.8

-0.32

-0.09

10,.......

-0.67

70.2

-0.66

-0.01

20,..

-0.82

72.1

-0.79

-0.03

30,

- 1.04

74.6

-0.94

-0.10

10,

-1.21

77.6

- 1.13

-0.08

20,.....

- 1.27

78.3

-1.17

-0.10

30,

-1.34

79.1

- 1.22

-0.12

9,......

-1.38

78.1

- 1.16

-0.22

June

19,.......

- 1.37

81.2

-1.36

-0.01

19-

29,.......

- 1.55

85.6

-1.63

+0.08

ད་

29--July

9,.......

- 1.47

83.1

- 1.48

+0.01

July

�-ས

19,.......

- 1.42

83.8

- 1.52

+0.10

19-

29,.....

-1.42

84.6

- 1.57

+0.15

29-August

8.......

- 1.39

82.6

- 1.44

+0.05

August

18,......

-1.42

82.2

- 1.42

0.00

September

18--

28--September

28,.....

-1.51

83.9

- 1.52

+0,01

7..

- 1.45

84.3

- 1.55

+0.10

17,....

- 1.23

82.6

- 1.44

+0.21

27......

- 1.26

81.9

- 1.40

+0.14

27-October

7,.....

-0.95

76.4

- 1.05

+0.10

October

17,.....

-0.98

*7.2

-1.10

+0.12

17-

27,.....

-0.99

76.6

- 1.07

+0.08

27-November

6,......

-0.76

72.0

-0.78

+0.02

November 6-

16.....

-0.55

69.7

-0.63

+0.08

16-

26,.......

-0.49

69.2.

-0.60

+0.11

26--December

6,.........

-0.60

70.9

-0.71

+0.11

December

16......

-0.39

64.9

— 0.33

-0.06

16-

26,.....

-0.22

68.8

-0.26

+0.01

な

26-January

5,......

-0.30

65.1

-0.34

+0.04

Table IV.

Rate of Brock Standard Mean Time Clock in 1895.

1o.82 — 0.120 (r — 75°) + 03.0100 (t Mar. 1.) 1$.35 · 0.120 (7 — 75°) — 0.0030 (t

Observed rate.

Temp.

Sept. 12.)

Arc.

༡་

Period.

Calculated rate.

December 31-January

10,..........................

-1.15

67.9

56 30

— 1.51

+0.36

January 10-

20,........

-0.92

64.6

3 56 42

- 1.01

+0.09

20-

30,........

-0.73

63.2

3 56 30

-0.74

+0.01

30--February

9.........

-0.95

66.0

3 56

-0.98

+0.03

February

19,........

- 1.08

67.2

3 56 24

-1.03 ·

-0.05

March

19-March

11.

1,......

- 1.13

69.2

3 55

11,.

-1.24

70.7

21,

- 1.36

70.8

3 54 48

- 1.27

70.4

3 54 24

No H 33 3

- 1.16

+0.03

-1.24

0.00

- 1.16

-0.20

- 1.01

-0.26

31-April

10,..

.....

- 1.45

74.4

April

10--

20,...

-1.48

76.3

20---

30,..

-1.63

78.0

N N N

52 48

- 1.39

-0.06

- 1.52

+0.04

- 1.62

-0.01

30-May

10,

May

10--

20,.

20--

30,

- 1.82

80.0

4 17 54

- 1.62

-0.20

دو

30-June

9,.

- 1.82

79.2

4 14 48

- 1.55

-0.27

une

29--July

19,...

-2.04

82.0

4 15

- 1.92

-0.12.

·29,..

-2.26

85.5

4 14 48

-2.37

+0.11

9,..

- 1.96

83.7

4 14

-2.18

+0.22

July

وو

19,....

1.94

84.0

4 13

-2.25

+0.31

19-

29,....

-2.10

84.6

4 13 42

-2.35

+0.25

29--August

-2.20

83.4

4 14 6

-2:24

+0.04

August

8--

18,..

-2.38

83.1

4 14 12

-2.23

-0.15

18--

28,....

-2.38

83.6

4 13 42

- 2.32

-0.06

28-September 7,

September 7-

-2.39

84.1

4 12 48

-2.42

+0.05

17,.......

-2.18

83.1

4 13 54

-2.33

+0.15

27,

-2.15

83.5

4. 14

-2:40

+0.25

27-October

- 1.72

77.6

4 14

— 1.71

-0.01

October

17.

1.85

78.8

4 13

- 1.90

+0.05

وو

17-

27,

-1.84

80.5

4 14 12

2.13

+0.29

27-November 6,

-1.41

75.7

4 13 54

-1.58

+0.17

November

6--

16,

- 1.22

73.3

4. 14. 18.

· 1.33.

+0.11

16--

多

26,...

-1.29

71.9

4 13 42

-1.18

-0.11

26-December

6........

-1.51

73.9

4 14 12

- 1.46

-0.05

December

6--

16,..

-1.11

67.6

4 14 30

-0.78

-0.38

16--

26,.

1.06

67.7

4 14 18..

-0.78%

-0.28

26-January 5,..

- 1.18

68.7

4 14 30

— 0.92

-0.26

501

Date.

502

Table V.

Errors of Time-Ball in 1895.

means too late.

+ means too early.

January. Feb. March.

April. May.

June.

July.

August.

Sept.

October.

Nov.

Dec.

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

-0.3

0.1

.0.1

0.1

-0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

-0.2

+0.2

0.1

-0.3

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

-0.4

0.1

...

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

-0.5

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.3

0.1

+0.3

0.1

-0.3

0.1

+0.5

0.1

+0.2

-0.7

+0.2

0.1

+0.6

+0.2

0.1

+0.4

0.1

+0.6

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

+0.3

0.1

+0.3

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.3

0.1

+0.2

0.1

...

0.1..

+0.2

•

0.1

-0.3

0.1

+0.2

+0.4

0.1

-0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

-0.2

-0.3

0.1

+0.2

+0.5

0.1

-0.3

0.1

-0.2

0.1

+0.2

+0.5

0.1

-0.4

0.1

-0.3

-0.2

0.1

+0.6

..0.1

0.1

-0.2

0.1

-0.5

0.1

-0.2

+0.8

+0.3

0.1

+0.7

+0.3

0.1

-0.3

0.1

+0.4

0.1

-0.2

0.1

-0.3

0.1

+0.2

0.1

-0.4

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.3

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

0.1

+0.2

-0.2

0.1

-0.2

+0.2

0.1

-0.2

0.1

-0.3

0.1

-0.3

0.1

0.3

0.1

+0.2

-0.3

0.2

0.1

...

0.1

-0.2

-0.3

0.1

+0.5

0.1

...

0.1

12. There fell only half the normal amount of rain during 1895. The excessive drought had no influence on either pressure or temperature. The relative humidity was only two per cent. less than usual. The number of hours with bright sunshine was 149 in excess. The duration of rain was 158

hours less than usual and the intensity of rain was only six-tenths of the average. The wind was normal and the cloudiness very slightly below the mean but the level of the clouds was higher than usual. During the month of August the wind is generally very light and in consequence the daily variation in direction is great, but in 1895 the direction backed throughout the 24 hours. It probably backed most quickly about 7 a. or 8 a.

13. Slight shocks of earthquake were noticed on the 30th August at 5.45 p. and other shocks occurred during the following night.

14. The cisterns of the barograph and standard barometers are placed 109 feet above M.S.L. The bulbs of the thermometers are rotated 108 feet above M.S.L., and 4 feet above the grass. The solar radiation thermometer is placed at the same height. The rim of the rain-gauge is 105 feet above M.S.L., and 21 inches above the ground.

15. The monthly Weather Reports are arranged as follows:-

Table I. exhibits the hourly readings of the barometer reduced to freezing point of water, but not to sea level, as measured (at two minutes to the hour named) from the barograms.

Tables II and III. exhibit the temperature of the air and of evaporation as determined by aid of rotating thermometers. Table II. exhibits also the extreme temperatures reduced to rotating thermometer. Table III. exhibits also the solar radiation (black bulb in vacuo) maximum tempera- tures reduced to Kew arbitrary standard.

Table IV. exhibits the mean relative humidity in percentage of saturation and mean tension of water vapour present in the air in inches of mercury, for every hour of the day and for every day of the month, calculated by aid of Blanford's tables from the data in Tables II. and III.

Table V. exhibits the duration of sunshine expressed in hours, from half an hour before to half an hour after the hour (true time) named.

503

Table VI. exhibits the amount of rain (or dew) in inches registered from half an hour before to half an hour after the hour named. It exhibits also the estimated duration of rain.

Table VII. exhibits the velocity of the wind in miles and its direction in points (1-32). The velocity is measured from half an hour before to half an hour after the hour named, but the direction is read off at the hour.

Table VIII. exhibits the amount (0-10), name (Howard's classification) and direction whence coming of the clouds. Where the names of upper and lower clouds are given, but only one direction this refers to the lower clouds. With regard to the names of clouds nimbus (nim) is only entered when the rain is seen to fall; when no rain is seen to fall cumulo-nimbus (cum-nim) is entered, and this name is also used to indicate clouds intermediate between cumulus and nimbus. Cumulo-stratus (cum-str) is the well known thunder cloud, and strato-cumulus (str-cum) signifies a cloud inter- mediate between stratus and cumulus.

Table IX. exhibits for every hour in the day the mean velocity of the wind reduced to 4 as well as 2 directions, according to strictly accurate formulæ, and also the mean direction of the wind.

Below this is printed a list of the phenomena observed.

16. The following annual Weather Report for 1893 is arranged as follows:--

Table VI. exhibits the mean values for the year (or hourly excess above this) obtained from the monthly reports. The total duration of rain was 600 hours. There fell at least 0.01 inch of rain on 124 days.

Table VII. exhibits the number of hours during a portion of which at least 0.005 inch of rain (or dew) was registered.

Table VIII. exhibits the number of days with wind from eight different points of the compass. The figures are obtained from the mean daily directions in Table VII. of the monthly reports. Days, with wind from a point equi-distant from two directions given, are counted half to one of these and half to the other, e.g., half of the days when the wind was NNE are counted as N, and the other half as NE.

Table IX. exhibits the number of days on which certain meteorological phenomena were registered, and also the total number of thunderstorms noted in the neighbourhood during the past year.

Table X. shows the frequency of clouds of different classes.

Table XI. is arranged as last year.

The extremes of humidity and vapour

Table XII. exhibits the monthly and annual extremes. tension are only approximate as the hourly values are not calculated.

Table XIII. contains five-day means.

Table XIV., XV., XVI. contain magnetic observations.

17. Observations of magnetic declination and horizontal force were made by Mr. PLUMMER and reduced by Mr. FIGG with the unifilar magnetometer Elliott Brothers, No. 55, and the dips were observed with dip-circle, Dover No. 71.

The methods adopted in making the observations and in determining and applying the corrections are explained in Appendix G. of Observations and Researches made in 1885: "On the verification of the unifilar magnetometer Elliot Brothers No. 55." The value of log 2 K was 3.44930 at 26°. The value of P was +7.69. The mean value of the magnetic moment of the vibrating needle was 0.45175 in English units and 589.80 in C.G.S. units.

The times of vibration exhibited in the table are each derived from 12 observations of the time occupied by the magnet in making 100 vibrations, corrections having been applied for rate of chrono- meter and arc of vibration.

The observations of horizontal force are expressed in C.G.S. units (one centimeter, one gramme, one second), but the monthly synopsis exhibits X, the horizontal, as well as Y, the vertical, and total forces, which have been computed by aid of the observed dips, and their values are also given in English units (one foot, one grain, one second) and in Gauss's units (one millimeter, one milligram, one second).

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&c.,

&c.

W. DOBERCK, Director.

1 a.

2 a.

Table VI.

Mean Values and Hourly Excess above the Mean of Meteorological Elements in 1895.

3 a.

4 a.

ૐ .

6 a.

7 a.

8 a.

9 a.

10 a.

11 a. Noon.

1 p.

2 p

3 p.

4 p.

3 p.

G p. 7 p. 8 p.

9 p.

10 p.

il p. Midt.

Mean or

Total.

504

Pressure,

Temperature,.

+.002 —.007

1.6 1.8

-.014

..017

2.0 2.1

-.012+.002

2.2

Diurnal Range...

...

Humidity,

5 + 6

+ 5+ 5

+ 5 + 4

Vapour Tension,

+.006 +.005

+.001 .000

-.003 -.006

4.018 +.032 1.6 0.5

+ 3

.004 —,006

+.043 +.043 +.036 +.016 0.7 + 1.6 +2,4 + 2.9

.007-027-040 -.044 + 3.1 + 3.0 +2.7 +2.1

-.040.030 +11 +0.1

-.016

.000 +.013 +.620

+.018 +.012.

29.846

0.1 0.6

0.9 1.0

1.3 1.4

71.6

8.6

...

;

.005

-.009

-.006 .005

Sunshine (Total),

12.0

87.5 154.1

Rainfall, (Total).

1.160

2.025

1.710 1.700

3.095

3.080

2.420

Hours of Rain (Total),.

2.180

Intensity of Rain,..

Wind-Velocity,

0.034

0.061

0.055

0.050

0.094

0.070

0.067

0.091

0.7

Wind-Direction,

119

130

Cloudiness,

Solar Radiation, Excess of do. do.,

0.6 1.1

11° 12°

+ £

1.3

1.6

1.5.

13°

120

159

185.8 193.8 209.9 212,5 1.780 2.755 2.210 1.790 29 29 25 31 0.061 0.095 0.088 0.058 0.4 + 0.6 +1.2+ 1.8 + 2.3 18+11 +13° 13° 17°

+ 2.3 + 2.0 +16 +170

+ 5

.003 -.004 -.003 -.004 221.2 218.1 209.4 195.2 2.855 1.675 2.680 2.210 84 28 28 25 0.084 0.060 0.096 0.088 + 1.8 + 1.5 + 15° + 129

-.002 +.001

+ 1 +

+.00 +.007

+ 3 + 1 +.008 +.010

5 +

+.009 +.008

0.622

124.3 24.1

2047.9

1.865

2.590

0.081 0.104 + 1.1 + 0.1 + 6o + 50

0.950

0.035

0.940

1.265

1.035

0.925

45.835

699

0.036

0.043

0.042

0.049

0.034

0.066

1.0

1.6

1.2

0.8

0.9

12.6

10°

E 3° S

126.5

50.0

Table VII.

Number of Hours during portion of which it rained for each Month in the Year 1895.

Month.

2 a.

3 a.

4 a.

5 a.

6 a.

7 a.

8 a.

9.a.

10 a.

1a. Noon. 1 p. 2 p. 3 p.

4 p.

5 p.

6 p.

7 p. 8p. 9 p.

10 p. 11 p. Midt. Total.

January,

February,

March,

April,

May,

June,

July,

2111

a. Ôi Là Là Là

August,

September,

October,

November,

December,

10 — — 10 20 30 210--2

¡NGNNO 1-10 2:

3 00 00 — 00 00 10~~~;;

AOCANO — 10-

ANSOD

ཉ} ཉ1 = — 2} ཡ 2】 1ཀྭ 3།

2121

105

134

Total,

36 24

699

Table VIII.

Number of Days with Wind from eight different points of the Compass during each Month of the Year 1895.

Month.

NE.

SE.

SW.

NW.

January,

February,

March,

April,

May,

...

June,

July,

Angust, September,

777

October,

November,

December,

January, February, March,. April,

May,

June,

July,

August,

September,

October,

November,

December,

Sums,

188

20.

Table IX.

Total number of Days on which different Meteorological Phenomena were noted and Total Number of

Thunderstorms during each Month of the Year 1895.

Month.

4445

6 21

12.

:::

6224

Sums,.

Table X.

Total Number of Times that Clouds of different forms were observed in each Month of the Year 1895.

Month.

ċ-str. c-cum. sm-cum.

cum. cum-str.

str.

R-cum. cum-nim. nim.

January,..

February, ..

IA CO

103

119

25.. 45

March,

138

April,

171

May,

136

June,

173

July,

165

August,

.23

164

September,

104

October,

156

November,

56.

妥

+1-24226**0*;

6921-21-ONNA ¦ ¦

December,

Sums,

146

462

459

1605

252

277

505

506

Table XI.

Mean

Weight

RAINFALL.

MEAN DIRECTION OF

NUMBER OF DAYS

Diurnal of Water

Baro-

Variabi-

Vapour in

ΜΟΝΤΗ,

metric

Hourly Intensity

CLOUDS WHENCE

COMING.

WITH

CLOUDS BELOW

Tide.

lity of

Troy

Grains in

Temper-each cubic

Rain.

Mean.

1895.

ature. foot of Air.

Lower.

Upper.

Cirrus. 2,000 ft. 1,000 ft.

January,.......

0.107

2o.05

3.84

0.98

0.410

0.005

E 8° NW 10° N

February,

0.101

2.12

4.62

1.32

0.835

0.023 E 20° S

March,

0.109

3.60

5.16

3.24

1.390

0.030 S 37° EW 23° S

April,

0.097

1.88

7.22

5.27

2.605

0.081 S 22° EW7° S

May,

0.084

2.53

8.25

12.54

5.640

0.058 S 2° W W 15° N

June,.......

0.070

0.96

9.00

15.81

4.970

0.092 S 27° EW 9° S

July,

0.071 0.98

9.38

15.98

18.870

0.233 S 31°WN 17° E

August,...

0.075

1.14

9.19

14.85

6.125

0.122 S 20° W ❘ N 21°W

September,.... 0.079

1.67

7.57

12.65

3.965

0.066 E 29° NW 11° N

October,

0.089 1.01

6.97

5.36

0.500

0.017

E 1°NW 24° N

November,

0.097 2.10

4.80

1.17

0.325

0.025 E 8° NW 21° S

December,

0.101 .2.00

4.21

1.00

0.200

0.010

W 9° S

Mean,

0.090

1.84

6.68

90.17

45.835

0.064 E 40° S W 14° N

Table XII.

109

Monthly Extremes of the Principal Meteorological Elements registered during the year 1895.

BAROMETER.

TEMPERATURE.

HUMI-

DITY.

VAPOUR TENSION.

RAIN.

WIND VELO-

RADIA-

TION.

CITY.

MONTH.

Max. Min. Max.

Min.

Max. Min.

Daily Hourly

Sun

Max.

January,

30.223 29.896

70.4

43.5

0.533 0.172 0.145 0.060

129.5

February,

.218

.608 72.3

49.3

0.692 0.119 0.385 0.140

138.5

March,

.240

.638

79.4

47.4

0.784

0.129 0.870 0.685

April,

.058

.623

84.8

63.2

0.882

May,

.045

.570

88.6

68.7

0.987

0.243 1.865 1.265

0.391 1.275

238 23

138.5

140.9

0.800 39

147.6

June,

29.831

.404

93.6

73.3

1.053 0.592 1.230 0.445

147.9

July,

.810

.330

91.3

73.4

1.004 0.703 4.250 1.630

150.7

August,........

.840

.473

90.1

74.6

1.009 0.562 1.525 0.670

158.9

September,....

.871

.438

94.0

65.6

0.994 0.257

0.835 0.515

152.4

October,

30.030

.733

84.3

62.7

0.844 0.377 0.205 0.070 33

149.8

November,

.239

.750 79.9

54.2

0.777 0.109

0.230 0.120

141.8

December,

.239

.828 77.3

47.0

0.670

0.075

0.105 0.030

139.6

Year,...... 30.240 29.330 94.0

13.5

1.053

0.075 4.250 1.630

333

158.9

Table XIII.

Fice-Day Means of the Principal Meteorological Elements observed at Hongkong in 1895.

507

FIVE-DAY PERIODS. Barometer.

Temper-

Humidity.

Vapour Wind

ature.

Tension.

Velocity.

Nebulosity. Sunshine.

Rain.

January

1- 5

30.035

60.2

0.397

11.7

8.1

3.2

0015

6-10

29.970

60.9

0.429

15.9

2.5

9.1

0.000

.11-15

30.007

55.3

0.371

17.4

9.7

1.0

0.010

16-20

.091

48.4

0,271

7.5

10.0

0.0

0.056

.21-25

.131

54.5

0.292

10.5

4.3

6.3

0.001

.26-30

.069.

58.7

0,808

12.7

1.2

9.2

0.000

.31- 4

29.850

59.1

0.371

20.1

6.9

4.0.

0.003

February

5- 9

.930

56.7

0.355

16.0

9.6

0.7

0.140

10-14

.963

60.1

0.462

16.4

9.7

0.7

0.020

.15-19

.975

60.5

0.446

14.4

8.7

1.5

0.004

.20-24

30.128

61.0

0.404

12.0

7.2

4.3

0.000

.25- 1

.014

65.7

0.495

14.8

5.6

6.6

0.000

March

2- 6

.069

60.6

0.329

15.1

3.0

9.4

0.004

7-11

29.860

65.3

0,556

15.3

9.2

1.8

0.007

* A * *

12-16

.794

68.0

0.633

9.9

9.7

1.1

0 090

17-21

30.091

55.7

0,335

8.3

8.6

2.3

0.000

22-26

29.863

65.2

0,525

13.1

7.3

4.1

0.000

.27-31

.997

62.6

0.431

16.1

7.4

4.1

0.177

April

1- 5

.832

70.6

0,623

11.5

7.6

4.0

0.002

6-10

.865.

71.8

0,635

12.6

9.1

2.6

0.004

وو

11-15

.949

69.6

0,586

163

7.7

4.9

0.000

.16-20

.810

75.1

0.724

6.0

6.7

4.6

0.017

.21-25

.761

72.3

0.703

13.6

8.1

3.3

0.495

26-30

..771

74.5

0,746

13.0

7.5

4.4

0.003

May

1- 5

.870

76.0

0,734

11.0

6.3

5.6

0.035

6-10

.783

76.7

0.749

7.0

4.0

7.1

0.048

.11-15

.748

76.6

0,658

10.7

3.9

9.1

0.000

.16-20

.722

77.7

0.787

15.5

7.8

4.0

0.193

.21-25

.700

77.4

0.807

16.0

8.3

3.8

0.378

.26-30

.640

78.8

0.878

10.6

8.7

3.2

0.404

..31- 4

.686

77.0

0.828

10.4

8.8

1.3

0.516

June

5- 9

.778

76.4

0,728

13.2

8.7

3.6

0.019

.10-14

.783

80.2

0.863

22.2

8.8

4.2

0.076

.15-19

.690

84.0

0.873

4.4

11.2

0.031

.20-24

.664

84,5

0.859

5.9

2.5

11.1

0.010

.25-29

.551

83.8

0,931

11.3

5.1

8.3

0.392

.30- 4

.549

82.6

0.919

14.2

7.7

4.9

0.949

وو

July

5- 9

.666

81.1

0.891

9.7

8.2

4.5

0.489

10-14

.710

82.8

0,865

9.2

6.8

9.0

0.076

15-19

.660

83.5

0.893

8.0

3.6

10.7

0.065

...20-24

.582

83.5

0.868

6.0

4.1

10.5

0.000

.25-29

593

79.4

0.879

18.0

7.4

4.1

1.787

..30- 3

.736

81.2

0.888

11.4

4.4

8.6

0.445

August

4- 8

.655

82.9

0.882

5.5

2.7

10.8

0.072

9-13

.634

79.2

0.879

7.5

8.3

2.1

0.990

..14-18

.631

81.6

0.900

4.5

7.4

6.5

0.036

.19-23

.604

82.0

0.892

4.9

40:

8.9

0.014

.24-28

.594

81.2

0.861

6.7

6.2

5.6

0.069

.29- 2

.583

82.0

0.797

f1.1

7.1

7.9

0.057

September

3- 7

.570

85.0

0.701

8.6

2.2

10.8

0.000

8-12

.801

80.5

0.632

18.4

5.4

6.8

0.004

....13-17

.744

81.2

0.812

13.7

3.0

8.2

0.001

...18-22

.715

79.9

0.794

15.0

7.3

5.8

0.305

.23-27

.687

77.8.

0.607

12.0

6.0

0.190

.28-2

.807

72.9

0.572

10.3

5.4

5.6

0.260

October.

3- 7

.872

75.9

0.647

18.1

5.8

7.3

0.000

8-12

.916

76.0

0.615

18.3

3.4

9.1

0.000

13-17

.881

75.4

0.683

17.0

3.9

7.3

0.000

18-22

.847

76.3

0.756

14.5

6.9

4.8

0.041

23-27

.938

71.6

0.561

14.1

7.8

4.7

0.048

.28-1

.801

74.5

0.693

14.3

9.5

1.1

0.057

November

2- 6

30.063

62.2

0.229

15.5

4.0

7.3

0.000

7-11

29.935

71.0

0.518

10.1

6.0

6.7

0.000

12-16

30.054

68.1

0.433

16.1

7.8

3.9

0.009

.17-21 .22-26

.080

68.0

0.441

16.8

2.5

8.9

0.000

.020

65.6

0.424

8.9

1.4

9.0

0.001

97- 1

.076

69.1

0.571

16.5

9.1

2.5

0.009

December

2- 6

29.941

69.6

0.568

13.8

4.5

7.5

0.000

AAAAA

7-11 12-16

.971

61.0

0.410

10.3

8.6

2.8

0.034

30.101

57.9

0.167

.9.1

6.7

3.4

0.000

.17-21

.093

62.1

0.296

14.1

1.4

9.4

0.000

22-26

.082

64.3

0.450

15.1

6.9

4.4

0.006

.27-31

.146

63.3

0.392

15.2

5.4

6.6

0.000

508

1895.

H.K.M.T.

Table XIV.

Observations of Magnetie Declination and Dip.

Declination East.

Observer.

H.K.M.T.

Dip North.

Needle

Observer.

No.

February,

124. 4. 26. p.

14 2 31. P.

0° 28′ 20′′

30 00

J.I.P.

12d. 3h. 18m. p.

31° 49'.35

49.75

15 2 47 p.

16 2

April,

16 4

17 3

24 p.

20 3

ங்ங்ங்ங்ங்ங்ங்

31 30

14 3 55 p.

49.78

2x 56

48.63

29 29

15 3 28 p.

48.16

26 14

49.75.

24 09

3 53 P.

47.53

25 52

48.50

July,

27 24

15 3 39 p.

45.97

17 2 26 p.

27 54

46.63

18 2 52 p.

28 06

3 48 P.

45.35

19 2 57

27 53

46.59

August,

12 4 32

27 27

25 P.

47.16

2 28

25 46

47.44

15 2 33

26 31

14 3 53 P.

45.78

16 2 47

27 14

47.25

October,

3 08

26 54

10 P.

41.60

45 p.

26. 03

43 .03

12 4

11 p.

28 20

4 08 P.

45.66

2 40 p.

27 36

47.17

December,

4 24 p.

25 21

18 P.

45.60

2 27 p.

45.28

19 3

05 p. 10. p.

28 45. .30 20

3 48 P.

42.07

43.78

27.

Table XV.

Observations of Horizontal Magnetic Force.

IN 30 IN 00 IN 00 A 00 1 30 fie this 0 1A OD 1A 00 HEX CO A 00 IN 00

J.I.P.

Time

Tem-

Date.

H.K.M.T.

Cent.

of one Vibra-perature Log m X.

tion.

Value of

H.K.M.T.

Distance in

metres.

Tem-

C'ent.

Centi-perature Deflection.

Log

Value of X.

Observ-

er.

1895.

February 13,... 3h 10m. p. 3.6163

19°.0 2.33269 590.27

2h. 35m. p.

19°.2

6° 53′ 44′′ 2 53 40

3.20940

0.36446

J.I.P.

رت

April

18,... 3 40 R. 3 .6246

28 .9 2.33293 590.13 2 59

388

56 p.

19.6

6 53 50

2 53 45

28 .6

6 51 56

3.20897 0.36474

2 52 41

4 30 P.

29 .0

6 52 04

July

16,... 3 31

p. 13 .6297

31.5

2.33251 589.32

2 51 p.

31 .6

2 52 46 6 50 43 2 52 09

3.20818

0.36489

4 21

31 .6

6 50 41

2 52 13

August 13.... 3 52

p. $ .6256

26 .9

2.33266 589.66

3 13

26 .6

6 51 54

3.20854 0.36480

2.52 47

+ 13

26.8

6 51 42

2 52 16

October 14.... 3 50

December 17,... 3 18

P.3 .6281

p. 3 .6250

28 .2

20.9

2.33370 590,76

2.33211 588.68

3 06

28 .0

6 51 57

3.20912

0.36500

2 52 59

2 40

21 .8

6 51 18

3.20766 0.36494

2 52 39

4 10

20.5

6 52 16

2 53 11

Table XVI.

Results of Magnetic Observations in 1895.

MAGNETIC FORCE.

Month.

Declina- tíon East.

Dip North.

ENGLISH UNITS,

METRIC UNITS.

C. G. S. UNITS.

Total.

1895.

February,.

|0° 29′ 41′′

31° 49′ 23′′

7.9044

4.9054

9.3027

3.6446

2.2618

April,

26 26

48 29

7.9104

4.9063

9.3085

3.6474

2.2622

4.2893 4.2920

July,

27 49

46 08

7.9137

4,9007

9.3083

3.6489

2.2596

4.2919

0.36446 0.22618 0.42893 0.36471 0.22622 0.42920 0.36489 0.22596 0.42919

August,

26 44

46.55

7.9119

4.9021

9.3074

3.6480

2.2603

4.2915

0.36480 0.22603 0.42915

October,

27 B3

44 22

7.9161

4.8965

0.3081

3.6500

2.2577

4.2918

0.36500 0.22577 0.42918

December,

28 35

44 11

7.9148

4.8952

9.3064

3.6494

2.2519

4.2910

0.36194 0.22519 0.42910

Mean.......0 27 45

31 40 35

7.9119

4.9010

9.3069

3.6480

2.2589

4.2912

0.36480 0.22389 0.42912

509

Appendix A.

THE TYPHOONS IN 1895,

By W. DOBERCK and F. G. FIGG.

JANUARY.

The first typhoon in 1895 crossed Yap (lat. 9° 30′, and long. 138° 16′) and. Palaos in January, the centre moving from east to west. For several days before the 20th the air was clear, the NE monsoon was blowing moderately and the sea was smooth. The barometer stood somewhere at about 29.8. Very slight flashes of lightning were usually noticed at night. The following account has been fur- nished by Captain O'KEEFE and Herr PAUL HAGEN. They did not notice any signs of bad weather but state that a common sailor expected a typhoon for several days before the wind burst, for which people laughed at him. On Saturday, the 19th, the barometer began to fall On the morning of the 20th the wind blew from NW in squalls at first light but afterwards with violent typhoon force. The sky was cloudy but not a drop of rain fell. After 6 p. the wind calmed down. The calm lasted till 10 p.

The barometer (about 29.2) continued falling slowly. The sky was densely overcast, but no rain fell. Then the wind rose again from NE veering to SE. The barometer reached its minimum (about 29.1) near 1 a. From 1 a. to 3 a. it blew a fearful typhoon from SE with some rain. But there fell very little in this typhoon. Most of the houses were unroofed or blown to pieces. People were blown over except when four or five men clutched each other tightly. The sea rose ten feet above its spring height and carried away the warehouses. Cocoanut and mighty trees which had been uprooted by the NW typhoon were lifted up and thrown over in the opposite direction by the SE typhoon. After 3 a. the wind began to moderate. The barometer continued rising for a week. The wind backed to NE.

ΜΑΥ.

On the 11th at 10.30 a. "A depression appears to be situated off the SW coast of Luzon." At. 11.10 a. Forecast" barometer steady: fresh or strong NE breezes: fair."

On the 12th at 11:10 a.

"Depression still lies off the SW coast of Luzon." Forecast :—“ baro- meter falling: moderate NE or N winds: fine."

On the 13th at 10.50 a.

"The depression continues to lie over Luzon and neighbourhood." At 11.10 a. Forecast :-" barometer falling: moderate N or NE winds: fine.

On the 14th at 10.45 a. "The depression over Luzon appears to be passing slowly away to the Eastward." At 11.10 a. Forecast :-- barometer steady: moderate NE winds: fine.'

On the 11th and 12th a shallow depression (II) lay off the SW coast of Luzon in about 14° to 15′′ latitude.

On these two days pressure was about 0.2 inch below the normal at Bolinao and Manila and wet weather prevailed at both places, winds being light chiefly from an E and SE direction. The S.S. Yuensang experienced strong NE breezes at noon on the 11th in 17° 44,' 117° 37′ and on the 12th in 15° 03', 119° 58' at noon, the barometer (29.66) having fallen 0.15 inch since the previous day, a moderate SE gale, veering to SW as the vessel proceeded southwards, was encountered accompanied by rainsqualls and a cross sea. Off the Annam coast (barometer about 29.82) and to the S of Hongkong (barometer 29.90) winds were chiefly light or moderate NE breezes on this day.

Between the 12th and 13th a further decrease of pressure took place in Luzon, At 4 p. on the latter date the following observations were telegraphed :--Bolinao, 29.59 NW 2 o; Manila 29.61 SSW 4 og; but on the 14th the barometer had risen about 0.1 inch at both places gentle NW breezes prevailing at Bolinao and moderate SW breezes at Manila.

In the absence of complete observations the depression would appear to have moved slowly towards NE between the 12th and 14th. On the 15th it may have been in 22, 126°; on the 16th in 25, 128; and on the 17th in 30°, 132°. The bark Belmont in about 25°, 1324° had SE 10 and a fast falling barometer at midnight on the 16th, veering to SSW 9 on the morning of the 17th.

JUNE.

On the 10th at 10.50 a. There are some indications of the existence of a depression to the SW of Luzon." Forecast:-"baroneter falling: fresh or strong NE breezes: fair to showery."

On the 11th at 11.0 a.

"The low pressure area appears to be situated in the neighbourhood of the Paracels.' Forecast-barometer falling: fresh or strong NE to E breezes: unsettled, showery." On the 12th at 10.20 a. "The depression appears to be now situated in the S part of the Gulf of Tongking and to be moving towards NW. At 11.10 a. Forecast:-"barometer unsteady': strong or fresh E to SE breezes: showery and squally."

510

On the 12th at 4.15 p. Haiphong." On the 13th at Haiphong during the night." and showery."

"The centre of the depression is approaching the neighbourhood of 10.45 a. The depression, moving northward, entered the coast near Forecast-barometer falling: fresh SE winds: squally

At 11.20 a.

The depression (III) indicated above was probably formed to the NW of Palawan between the 8th and 9th of June. This is not clearly established as information is wanting from that part of the China Sea. Calms and light variable breezes had prevailed across the China Sea between the parallels of 10° and 20° on the two or three days previous to the 8th. On this day, however, owing to a considerable increase of pressure over China, NE and E winds, moderate or light in force, became general over the Northern and Western part of the above area. Pressure in Luzon was slightly in defect, while at Hongkong it was about 0.1 inch, and at Shanghai about 0.2 inch, above the normal.

On the 9th the relative conditions as to pressure were almost unchanged. At Shanghai the barometer read 29.96, at Hongkong 29.91, at Bolinao 29.81 and off the Cochin-China coast 29.83. In the latter district moderate breezes from NNW to NNE prevailed; in the China Sea to the N of 15° latitude winds were moderate breezes from NE and E, while at Bolinao a light SE breeze prevailed. On this day there was therefore a tendency for winds to become cyclonic about that part of the China Sea to the NW of Palawan, or perhaps around the position 12°, 117.

On the 10th the existence of a cyclonic depression is clearly shown by the observations made at sea, and the centre was situated in 14° 00', 114° 00′ at noon on this day.

The schooner Queen City, in the right-hand semicircle, and situated in 14° 43′, 116° 16′ at noon, experienced a strong ESE veering to SE gale during this day, the barometrie minimum, 29.59, occurring at 8 a. The steamships Shanghai, Kutsang, Glenartney and Shantung were all situated at noon in the area comprised by latitute 14° 11', 14° 47′ and longitude 112° 12', 112° 36′. They were thus directly in front of the advancing typhoon which at the time was moving towards WNW. On board the Shanghai, which was steering S 30° W, a heavy cloud bank was noticed in the E and SE during the early morning and this gradually overspread the sky. At 9 a. a sharp thunderstorm was experienced with strong wind from NNE. The barometer then commenced to fall rather rapidly, but they continued on their course and ran across the path in front of the centre during the afternoon, a fresh gale backing from N to WNW being encountered, the minimun barometer reading, 29.49, occurring at 6 p. The Kutsang, steering about NNE for Hongkong, had a strong breeze from N by W at noon with the barometer, 29.64, falling fast. They rightly turned the vessel round at this time and steered S 15° W experiencing a fresh NW backing to WSW gale which decreased after 10 p. The barometric minimum, 29.43, occurred at 6 p. The Glenartney, also bound for Hongkong, had similar weather to the Kutsang at noon, but they were a little later in turning the vessel round andTM had much worse weather than the Kutsang. The barometer fell to 29.36 at 6 p. and a whole gale and storm from NW backing to S was experienced. The Shantung was hove to at noon in 14° 26, 112° 36.' The barometer, 29.59, was falling fast at the time and a moderate NW by N gale was blowing. The barometer continued to fall and the wind, which was slowly backing, increased quickly in force. Between 7 p. and 10 p. typhoon force of wind was experienced from WSW backing to S, the barometric minimum, 28 97, occurring at 7.30 p. at which hour the centre passed a little to the N of the vessel.

The steps taken to avoid the typhoon in the case of these four vessels furnish particularly interesting examples for comparison. It is seen that the Shanghai came out in safety by crossing the track in front of the centre, thus passing from the dangerous to the manageable semicircle. The Kutsang, Glenartney and Shantung were all steering for Hongkong, and within a few miles of each otlier at noon. The Kutsang then turned round in time and ran to the southward. The Glenartney executed the same manoeuvre but a little too late and had much worse.weather than the Kutsang, while the Shantung was hove to near the track in front of the centre and in consequence experienced the full force of the typhoon.

On the 11th at noon the centre was situated in 16° 30′, 110° 15'. The vessels chiefly concerned on this day were the steamships Erato and Norden and the Chinese Customs' Cruiser Likin. The Erato, hove to, had an increasing NNE gale with rapidly falling barometer during the early morning and at 8 a, the vessel being situated in 15° 54', 110° 23, they had storm force of wind from NNW. Between this hour and noon the wind backed steadily to SSW, typhoon force of wind being experienced from 9 a. to 11 a. The mercury descended to 29.01 at 9 a. at which hour the centre was passing to the NE and N of, and very close to, the vessel. The Norden hove to in the left-hand semicircle, and situated in 17° 43′, 108° 19′, had an increasing N gale at noon. The centre passed a little to the E of the vessel at 7 p. at which hour the barometric minimum, 29.11, occurred, with the wind of storm force from NNW. The wind backed to SW at 9 p. and decreased rapidly in force. The Likin at anchor in Yulinkan harbour (18° 12′, 109° 33') was in the right-hand semicircle. The barometer fell to 29.43 at 8 p and a whole gale from ENE veering to SE, with squalls of typhoon force, was experienced during the afternoon and evening.

The path of the typhoon inclined more and more towards N between midnight of the 10th and the same hour of the 11th and on the 12th, in the Gulf of Tongking, it was moving towards NNW. At noon on this day the centre was situated in 20° 00′, 107° 40′ and about 8 p. it entered the coast to the E of Haiphong where a strong NNW backing gale was experienced during the evening.

511

Between the 10th and 12th the disturbance moved at an average speed of 11 miles per hour. The following observations are extracted from the logs of the steamers Shanghai, Kutsang, Glenartney and Shantung:-

June 10 2 a. 9 a.

S.S. Shanghai.

It.

29.77

NE 3

1.5

noon

14 47

112 35 112 29

.76

N/E 5

orqtl.

.67

NE 6 or.

2 p. Steering S 30° W true, 11 knts.

.57

NNW 7-8 or

4 p.

,50 NW/W_8-9 orq.

6 p.

.49 WNW 8-7 org.

.56

6-5

.66

8 P.

midt.

RAR

وو

W/N 5

S.S. Kutsang.

very heavy cloud bank from E to SE.

Heavy swell making up from E.

considerable confused beam sea.

weather moderating and evidently clearing.

wind decreasing fast.

June 10 4 a.

29.74

8 a.

noon

112

.74 .64

N 3 N/W 4 6

om.

ogq.

2 p.

112

4 p.

112 14

.45 NW N

112

.43 NW W 8

ogrq.

8 P.

112

.48 WNW 8

10 p.

112

.59

midt.

112

.59

WSW 6 SW 5

ogr.

.50 NW N 6

NNE swell.

Moderate NNW swell, very threatening appearance. omgr. E swell making up, turned and steered S 15° W true. ogrq. Cross sea.

ogrq. High cross sea.

Weather improving, turned and headed N 30° E true. Moderate cross sea.

S.S. Glenartney.

June 10 4 a.

29.73

8 a.

14 11

noon

2 p.

3 p.

4 p.

5 p.

6 p.

7 p.

8 p.

9 p.

10 p.

11 p.

midt.

N 5 ,72 NNW 5

dull, ENE swell.

112

.64

or.

P. Turned ship round and went S. .58

.49 NW/N

ogq.

.45

41 WNW

.38 W/N

.36 W 10

orq.

.36

W/S

High cross sea. Engines. going slow, head to sen. Water on board.

.37 WSW

.48 SW/W

.53 SW 11

ogrq.

.54 S >>

.53

June 11 1 a.

S/E SE

org.

4 a.

.61

8 a.

wind abating, weather improving, still a very high. orq. cross sea. Clearing.

noon

113

e..

S.S. Shantung.

dull, threatening, ship pitching and rolling.

sea increasing, water on board.

Cross sea, and swells from SSW and E.

Water on board.

June 10 4 a.

111

6 &.

13 47

112

- co

29.73 .72

NNW 5

ol.

8 a.

14 3

112

.72

10 a.

14 18

112 14

.69 NW N 6 orq.

High E sea.

noon

14 26

112 36

.59

1 p.

112 35

.51 NW 8

2 p.

112 35

.44 NW/W 9.

112 35

14 20

112

.37 .26 WNW 10

R PR

5 P.

14 20

112

.18 W

6 p.

7 p.

7.30 p.

.03

W/S 11

8 p.

9 p.

10 p.

11 p.

midt. June 11 1 a.

2 a.

3 a. 4 a.

6 a.

.49 SSE

.52 .59

.65 SE/S

8 B.

noon

15 19

113

.71 SEE 4

High confused sca.

28.99 .96 .98 29.02

WSW 12

Terrific gale, most violent squalls and mountainous

[sea.

SW ** SSW

.22 S

.30

S/E

.36

Moderating slightly, very confused sea.

.42

.46

On the 25th at 11.5 a. "A depression appears to be situated near S Formosa." "barometer falling: moderate W to SW winds: fine at first but less settled later."

Forecast:-

On the 25th at 6 p. "The depression, apparently shallow, seems to lie over the Formosa Channel and neighbouring coasts." On the 26th at 11.25 a. "The depression appears to be filling up." Forecast:-"barometer rising: moderate SW winds: fair to showery."

512

On the 25th a depression with slight or moderate gradients seems to have been central over the Formosa Channel and SE coast of China. On the 26th the barometer had risen generally around the Channel, the lowest pressure lying near its northern entrance. On the 27th the weather at Nagasaki appears to have been influenced by a depression to the southward.

On the 28th at 4.25 p. "A depression appears to be situated to the WNW of Bolinao." On the 29th at 10.45 a. "The depression seems to be increasing in intensity but it apparently occupies much the same position as yesterday.'

yesterday." Black South Cone hoisted. At 11.0 a. Forecast:-"baro-

meter falling: moderate NE and E breezes, probably increasing: squally and showery.

On the 30th at 11.15 a. "The shallow depression to the S of Hongkong appears to be moving slowly towards NW." At 11.20 a. Forecast:-" Barometer unsteady: moderate or fresh E to SE winds: squally and showery."

On the 1st July at 9.35 a. Black South Cone lowered. At 11.0 a. "the depression seems to be approaching the neighbourhood of Hainan Straits." Forecast:

Forecast-barometer rising: moderate SE to Swinds: squally and showery to fair."

Between the 26th and 28th a considerable increase of pressure took place over S China and gradients became favourable for NE winds which, in fact, spread to the southward into the N part of the China Sea between the 27th and 28th. This appears to have resulted in the formation of an clongated depression across the China Sea and N Luzon into the Pacific in about 18° Lat. on the 28th.

On the 29th a circular but shallow depression (IV.) was probably central in 1893, 115° at noon. The bark Fooling Suey, which was situated in 17° 12', 113° 55' at noon, experienced fresh NW breezes in the morning backing to SW and S at night, and accompanied by rainsqualls throughout. The barometer fell to 29.48 at 8 p. when the centre passed to the N of the vessel. The S.S. Devawongse was situated in 180° 34′, 111° 45′ and steering for Hongkong. Very threatening squally weather was experienced with the wind at NW. At Hongkong (bar. 29.70) a moderate ENE breeze prevailed with wet squally weather.

On the 30th at noon the centre was situated in about 19°, 113°. The Fooling Suey had a fresh S breeze with rain (bar. 29.52) in 18° 42′, 114° 10′, the S.S. Hongkong a fresh NE breeze with rainsqualls (bar. 29.56) in 20° 34', 111° 24', while several vessels situated a little to the south of Hongkong had strong E breezes with rainsqualls.

On July 1st the centre of the shallow depression seems to have passed over, or very near Hoihow about 4 p.

The S.S. Frejr, nearing Hoihow from the Eastward, had the barometer falling with fresh E breezes backing to N at noon. At 4 p. she had come to anchor in Hoihow and the lowest barometer reading, 29.45, was then registered, the wind being variable and squally. Later the barometer rose rapidly and a moderate SW breeze sprang up. The direction backed to SSE and increased to a strong breeze during the night.

On July 2nd the depression appears to have passed to the E and N of Haiphong where the barometer fell to 29.52 and NW breezes accompanied by rain prevailed.

At noon on the 29th another circular depression (V) formed in the same trough to the E of N Luzon, was in about 20°, 12410?. It is seldom that two cyclones form in the same trough, but these were very small. At noon on the 30th it was in about 234°, 1244°, on the 1st July in 26°, 127° and on the 2nd in 30°, 130°. The S.S. Arroyo in 25°, 127° was in this typhoon on the 30th. It was broken up on the 2nd.

JULY.

Typhoon VI was encountered by the bark Fred. P. Litchfield in the Pacific. On the 18th it may have been in 15°, 142°, on the 19th in 16°, 139°, on the 20th in 18°, 136°, on the 21st in 19°, 133°, on the 22nd in 22°, 130°, on the 23rd in 25°, 128°, on the 24th in 32° 30′, 129° 45′, on the 25th in 37°, 139°. It blew very hard in Japan. Great damage was done in SW Japan.

On the 25th at 7 p. "A depression appears to be forming in the Northern part of the China Sea." On the 26th at 11.0 a. Forecast:-"barometer falling: moderate E and SE winds: showery." On the 27th at 10.55 a., "There appears to be a typhoon near Bashee Channel." Red Drum hoisted. At 11.5 a. Forecast:-barometer falling: light or moderate winds, variable: fair to showery."

On the 28th at 6.30 a, Black Drum hoisted. At 8.30 a., "Typhoon SE of Hongkong apparently moving towards WNW. Strong NE to SE gale expected here." Gun fired one round.

At 1.30 p.. Black South Cone hoisted. At 4.20 p., "Centre of typhoon SSW of Hongkong, moving towards the coast between Macao and Hoihow." At 6.50 p, Black Ball hoistedl.

On the 29th at 10.10 a., Black Ball lowered. At 10.55 a. Forecast:-"barometer rising strong S breezes, decreasing: wet and squally."

On the 25th July a trough-like slight depression was formed across the China Sea between 17° and 19° Lat. as a result of a considerable increase of pressure which had taken place over S China between the 24th and 25th. Between the 26th and 27th a cyclonic depression (VII) which was perhaps central in 183, 118° at noon on the latter day, may have been formed in the eastern part of the trough; but in the absence of observation from S. Formosa or from vessels in the adjacent waters this is uncertain.

513

The information for the 27th shows that a rather rapid decrease of pressure was in progress on the SE coast of China, winds there being light chiefly from a S direction, and the weather fine, hot and dry.

At Bolinao the barometer was rising and moderate SW and S winds prevailed accompanied by wet weather. At 3 p. on this day we have the following observations:-Amoy 29.64, SSE 3. b: Swatow 29.65, SSW 1, c: Hongkong 29 67, W 1, c: Bolinao 29.73, S 2, or. The only vessel reporting bad weather on this day was the ship Paramita which experienced a strong W gale in 16° ➡9', 116° 24′. Unfortunately barometric observations were not recorded.

The bark Geo. F. Manson began to feel the effects of the advancing typhoon at midnight of the 27th. The vessel was situated in 18° 57', 114° 18' at this hour when the wind suddenly sprang up and blew with the force of a strong breeze from NNW. The barometer read 29.60 (uncorrected) and the mercury was falling fast. The vessel was steering on a N course, bound for Hongkong, with the wind gradually backing towards W and increasing steadily in force. When they discovered that the vessel was in the left-hand semicircle they decided to run the vessel as nearly as possible to course so as to lose no time; but considering that the barometer continued to fall rapidly with the wind increasing in force, this manoeuvre was a dangerous one and they barely escaped running into the centre, for at p. on the 28th, the vessel being in 20° 16′, 114° 14', the barometer had fallen to its minimum, 29.10, (uncorrected) and the wind was of storm force from W by S. The ship Alcedo was situated a few miles to the E and S of Hongkong when at 2 a. on the 28th the barometer, 29.71, began to fall rapidly and at the same time the wind, which had been light and variable, suddenly freshened form ÈNE. The weather was squally and threatening and lightning was observed in the É and SW. The vessel was on the port tack heading SE by E, in the right-hand semicircle, but as they had no sea-room this could not be avoided. Sail was taken in as required and at noon in 21° 48′, 114° 38′ she was lying to under a storm trysail, heading S and making 7 points leeway, the wind being a fierce gale from ESE and the barometer standing at 29.22. Between 1 p. and 2 p. the barometer was at its lowest point, 29.20, with the wind at SE by E, and the vessel was drifting dead before the wind at about 21⁄2 knots per hour. After 3 p. the wind commenced to decrease in force with rising barometer.

At midnight on the 27th the centre may have been in about 20°, 116° and at noon on the 28th it was situated midway between these two vessels and in 21° 00′, 114° 30′. At 3

At 3 p. it passed about 40 miles to the South of Gap Rock, the barometric minimum, 29.24, occurring there at this hour with the wind a strong NE veering gale. At Hongkong the lowest barometer reading, 29.45, was recorded near 3 p. and the highest hourly wind velocity, registered by the anemograph, was 53 miles at 2 p. and 3 p. the direction being NE by E.

Of other vessels the steamships Tai Cheong, Derawongse and the Austrian frigate Aurora were all situated in the left-hand front quadrant on the morning of the 28th. The Tai Cheony was situated in 19° 59′, 113° 50′ at noon. At 7 a. they had the wind increasing from NW with falling barometer, and they suspected that a typhoon was situated to the NE of the vessel. At 9 a. they therefore rightly ran to the southward. At noon they had a strong W backing gale, but at 3 p. they steered N again as the barometer had commenced rising with the wind steadily backing towards S. The Devawongse was situated in 19° 30′, 112° 16' at noon and steering N 31° E. The barometer, 29.61, was falling and the wind a fresh breeze from NW. At 2.50 p. the vessel was very properly turned round and steered S 22° E, the barometer having fallen to 29.54 with the wind a moderate NW gale. They had the wind backing to SW, a fresh breeze, during the afternoon with the barometer rising slowly after 5 p. They steered N 17° E at 10 p. but as the wind increased to a moderate gale accompanied by fierce squalls from S and SW and the barometer had a falling tendency, they again turned the ship's head to the southward and waited till the barometer rose decidedly. The Austrian frigate Aurora was situated in 19° 8', 113° 38′ at 11 a. During the morning hours moderate to strong NW and W breezes were experienced accompanied by constant rain. The wind backed slowly towards SW and the barometer fell to its minimun, 29.53, at 3 p. at which hour the wind was from WSW of the force of a fresh breeze. At 3.15 p. a distinct band of peculiarly disturbed sea was observed to be approaching the vessel from ENE. It stretched from NNW to SSE and was between 300 and 400 yards in width. It passed the ship in a few minutes, at the rate of about 6 miles per hour, moving towards WSW. It passed the ship in a few minutes, at the rate of about 6 miles per hour, moving towards WSW. The sea was pyramidal in this area, the tops frequently bursting and throwing up the spray to a height of about 6 feet with a sound as though the vessel was lying in violently boiling water. Before the passing of this band of broken water a rough cross sea prevailed, but after its passage the sea calmed down considerably.

At this time the centre was passing at a distance of about 100 miles to the N of the vessel, the barometer on board showing the minimum at 3 p. with the wind thereafter backing rather quickly towards S, so that although the trough phenomena often observed in the depressions of more northern latitudes are not always well marked in typhoons, there is every reason to suppose that this phenomenon was connected with the passage of the trough in this case.

Between the 28th and 29th the disturbance moved towards W by N at the rate of about 9 miles per hour and it entered the coast in the neighbourhood of Hui-Ling-Sau (21° 35, 111° 50′) on the morning of the latter day. At noon on the 29th it was probably situated in 21°, 110° and during the evening of this day it passed a little to the N of Pakhoi where a NW gale, in the morning, backing SW, in the evening, was experienced. At the Custom House the lowest barometer reading, 29.26,

514

was made at 11 p., but on board the S.S. Activ at anchor in the port the minimum, 29.41, was registered near 5 p. The weather continued bad between Hongkong and Swatow and to the southward on this day. Gradients remained rather steep and strong breezes to fresh gales, chiefly from SSE, accompanied by hard rain squalls prevailed over this area. At 11 a. on the 29th the Austrian frigate Aurora, on the starboard tack in 21°, 113° 45′ heading NW with the wind S by E (force 6 to 7). experienced a sudden squall with the wind veering to SW (force 9), which took the vessel aback, but she was so skilfully handled that no damage was caused. Vessels in the left-hand semicircle are liable to encounter such veering squalls. In the right-hand semi-circle the squalls usually veer in the proper direction. The ship Alcedo, just outside Hongkong, continued to have a moderate SE gale with heavy rain squalls on the morning of the 29th and at 9 a. as the weather seemed to look worse again and they were unable to get off the lee shore, they decided to turn back and go into the port again.

On the 30th at noon the centre was perhaps in 23°, 107° and it apparently filled up slowly as the weather at Pakhoi and Haiphong continued to be influenced by it until the 31st.

AUGUST.

On the 16th at 10.30 a. There appears to be a depression near the Balingtang Channel." At 11.0 a. Forecast:-barometer falling: light to moderate SW and W winds: fair."

On the 16th at 4.30 p. "The depression remains yet in the Pacific to the Eastward of the Balingtang Channel." On the 17th at 11.5 a. Forecast:-"barometer unsteady: light or moderate SW winds: unsettled, some thunder showers."

་

On the 23rd at 11.5 a. Forecast:-" barometer steady: moderate W to SW winds: fair to showery. A depression, becoming deeper, lies SE of Nagasaki."

On the 24th at 4 p. "Typhoon remains to the SE of Nagasaki.” Forecast:-"barometer falling: moderate or fresh W and SW winds: fair."

On the 26th at 11.30 a.

On the 25th at 11.15 a.

Forecast:-"barometer unsteady: moderate SW to NW winds: fair to unsettled, some rain. The depression lately lying near Nagasaki has moved northward into the Sea of Japan."

On the 15th at noon Typhoon VIII was probably in 18°, 129°, on the 16th in about 19° 128°, on the 17th in 21°, 127°, on the 18th in 22, 127, on the 19th in 24°, 12830, on the 20th in 26°, 130°, on the 21st in 28°, 132° and on the 22nd in 33° 45', 133° 15'. There is not much informa- tion available. It does not seem to have done much damage. A steamer travelling from Cape Bojeador to Salomague on the 16th had a fresh NW gale, from Salomague to San Fernando light SE winds. On the 17th Bolinao reported very heavy rain and strong gusts of NW wind.

Typhoon IX was near Naha in 26°, 129° at noon on the 22nd, on the 23rd in 29° 45', 129° 45', on the 24th in 31° 15′, 131°, 15', on the 25th in 33° 30,′ 131° 0′, and on the 26th in about 43°, 136o. This typhoon raged badly in Japan.

At 11.40 a.

On the 28th at 10.55 a. "A depression is probably forming in NE part of China Sea." Forecast:"barometer falling: moderate N to NE winds, probably increasing: fair to unsettled, some raiu. Pen

On the 29th at 1.20 a. Two lanterns hoisted vertically. At 11.55 a.The depression appears to be situated to the NW of Bolinao." Forecast :-"barometer falling: moderate N and NE winds, probably increasing: unsettled, squally, some rain.”

On the 29th at 4.50 p. Red Drum hoisted. On the 30th at 11.20 a. "The depression seems to be almost stationary at present." Forecast:-"barometer unsteady moderate or fresh N winds: unsettled, squally."

On the 30th at 10.10 p. Two lanterns hoisted vertically. On the 31st at 4.15 a. Black South Cone hoisted. At 10.15 a. Typhoon moving westward to the South of Hongkong in about 19° latitude.' At 11.0 a. Forecast" barometer rising fresh E breezes: squally and showery." At 6.10 p. Black South Cone lowered.

91.

The above depression (X) seems to have been forming in about 18° to 20° Lat. and 117° to 118° Long. between the 28th and 30th. During this interval pressure was about 0.1 inch below the normal at Hongkong and along the SE coast of China, moderate to fresh NE to N breezes, accom- pnied by squally weather, prevailing in these districts. The barometer was also low, to the extent of about 0.1 inch and upwards, at Bolinao and Manila where light to moderate S and SW breezes prevailed.

On the 30th the depression commenced to move towards WNW and W. The S.S. Sungkiang in 19° 54′, 116° 07' at 4 p. on this day and steering for Hongkong experienced a strong NW backing breeze during the evening. At midnight the baroneter had fallen to its lowest point, 29.57, with the wind at SW, a moderate breeze. The bark Matterhorn was at noon situated in 21° 27′, 114° 23′ when the wind began to increase from NW. At 6 p. they had a strong gale which veered to NE at 8 p. At 10 p. the wind fell calm, but a little later it sprang up from SE but quickly moderated to a fresh breeze at midnight. Barometer readings were not recorded. The centre was situated in 21° 00′, 114° 15′ at midnight of the 30th and it passed to the South of Gap Rock near 4 a. of the 31st.

A strong breeze veering from NNE at 1 a. to ESE at 7 a. was experienced at this station with the lowest recorded barometer reading, 29.54, at 4. a. The S.S. Derawongse was in the left-hand semi-circle.

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This vessel had been steered N 33° E from her noon position (19° 20', 112° 03′) on the 30th, but at 2.30 a. on the 31st her commander found it advisable to put her head to the Southward, as the barometer had begun to fall sharply and the wind had increased to a strong NW breeze accompanied by torrential rain. The wind direction quickly backed towards W as they steered southward, but it increased to a moderate and fresh gale at 5 a. from W by S, accompanied by incessant rain and lightning. The lowest barometer reading, 29.50, was made at 4 a. and at 6.30 a. they steered N 21° E. At 7 a. in 20° 48', 113° 15', the barometer had risen to 29.58 with the wind at SW by W decreasing and continuing to back as they proceeded northwards. The bark Wm. le Lacheur situated in about 21°, 113°, also experienced a strong N backing to W gale between 3 a, and 7 a of the 31st. the wind suddenly decreasing to a fresh breeze at 8 a. and backing to SW at 10 a. The barometric minimum, 29.48, occurred at 6 a.

These observations together with those made at Gap Rock show that the area comprised by strong winds was exceedingly small.

At noon on the 31st the centre was situated in 21° 15′, 112o 30'. The S.S. Frejr, in 20° 30′, 111° 19′ at noon had a fresh NNE breeze with squally weather. The wind direction was backing, and between 3 p. and 4 p., the vessel being situated in 20° 38', 111° 50' at the latter hour, a strong W gale was experienced, the barometer falling to 29.64. The wind continued to back as they steered towards NE, and at 8 p. it had come to ESE of force 3, the barometer having risen, in the meantime, to 29.69. The S.S. Hongkong had taken shelter in St. John's harbour during the morning and they there experienced strong NE winds, the barometer reading 29.62 at 4 p. At this hour the centre was passing between the anchorage and the position of the Frejr. Moving towards about W by N, it must have entered the coast a few hours later.

In this depression strong gales were not experienced at a greater distance than 30 miles from the centre and then only in the front or W semi-circle. In rear the winds were particularly light and did not exceed a strong breeze at the same distance. Moreover in rear the wind quickly re-gained a NE direction off the S Coast of China as pressure remained low over the N part of the China Sea.

On the 1st at 11.45 a.

SEPTEMBER.

"Pressure remains low over the NE part of the China Sea." Forecast:- "barometer unsteady: light or moderate N to NE winds: fair."

On the 3rd at 10.45 a. "A depression appears to be situated near the Bashee Channel.' Forecast:-"barometer falling: moderate NW winds: fair."

On the 3rd at noon. Red Drum hoisted. At 4.30 p. "The typhoon appears to be moving towards WNW or thereabout. On the 4th at 11.10 a. "Typhoon in Formosa moving towards NW at present." Forecast:-

Forecast:-"barometer falling: moderate NW to W winds: fair."

On the 5th at 11.15 a. Red Drum lowered. "The centre of the typhoon is now situated to the NE of Foochow and it is probable that it will enter the East coast in the neighbourhood of Wenchow.” Forecast:-" barometer rising: moderate or fresh winds, NW to W: fine."

On the 6th at 11.5 a. "The typhoon has recurved and is now moving towards NE between Shanghai and Nagasaki." Forecast:-"barometer rising: moderate or fresh NW winds: fine."

On the 7th at 10.55 a. "The typhoon lies near Nagasaki." Forecast:-barometer rising: fresh or moderate N winds: fine."

On the 8th at 10.45 a. "The typhoon has moved into the Sea of Japan." Forecast :--"baro- meter steady moderate or fresh N to NE winds: fine.".

After the passage, to the S of Hongkong, of the small depression of August 31st pressure increased slightly on the SE coast of China, but in Luzon, where the barometer remained yet about 0.15 inch below the normal, a further slight decrease of pressure had set in on September 1st. It appears from the observations made on board vessels that a band of low pressure was also lying across the China Sea in an ENE and WSW direction. This elongated depression apparently extended from the Annam Coast across Central Luzon to the Pacific, and it is probable that a cyclonic depression was forming on September 1st in the Pacific part of the above mentioned area of low barometer, perhaps around the position 18°, 127°.

The following were the conditions prevailing on this day. On the SE coast of China the barometer stood at about 29.71 moderate to light NE breezes prevailing between Foochow and Hainan; in the middle part of the China Sea between 12° and 17° Lat, the barometer read about 29.64 light variable airs prevailing; off the Cochin China coast in 9° to 10° Lat. (barometer 29.73) moderate and fresh W and SW breezes prevailed accompanied by showery weather; at Bolinao light variable breezes were blowing (barometer 29.64) and at Manila (barometer 29.67) light to moderate S and WSW breezes were accompanied by rainsqualls. The bark Japan situated in the Pacific in 15° 09′, 136° 00′ experienced moderate S winds with wet squally weather, the barometer being steady at 29.74.

The Typhoon (XI) may possibly have been situated in 1940, 125° at noon on the 2nd moving towards the NW. A further slight decrease of pressure had taken place at Bolinao (29.60) and Manila (29.65), winds being light and gentle breezes from SE at the former and from S at the latter station. The barometer had risen slightly near Foochow (Sharp Peak 29.76) and was steady at Hongkong (29.71), but the NE winds had freshened on this part of the China Coast. From observations made on board the S.S. Ask lying at Anping (S Formosa) it is seen that the disturbance was advancing

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towards 8 Formosa from the SE. The barometer on board this vessel showed a decisive fall on thi day from 29.74 at 8 a. to 29.56 at 4 p. At the same time the wind, which had been light and variable during the morning, freshened somewhat from NW in the afternoon.

Next day, the 3rd, at noon, the barometer having fallen to 29.36 with the wind a fresh breeze from N accompanied by rain, the Ask left Anping to take shelter at the Pescadores. The centre was probably situated in 214, 123 at this time. Since the previous day pressure had given way to the extent of about 0.1 inch at Sharp Peak (29.66) and Amoy (29.60). The fall was less marked at Hongkong (29.66) while at Bolinao (29.61) and Manila (29.67) the barometer had commenced to rise slowly. Pressure was highest, 29.9 to 30.0 inches, over Japan and in the extreme SW part of the China Sea. Winds were strong breezes from E to ESE off the SW coast of Japan; strong breezes to fresh NNE gales off the E Coast of China and in the N part of the Formosa Channel; moderate breezes from N and NNW off the S Coast of China and strong breezes from SW at Manila. The S.S. Ask experienced a strong N by E gale on the passage from Anping to Ponghou harbour (Pescadores) during the evening of this day, the barometer remaining, however, practically steady

since noon.

On the 4th the centre was probably situated off the E Coast of Formosa and in 23°30', 122°30′ at noon. The greatest decrease of pressure since the previous day was shown at Sharp Peak (29.50), the fall amounting to 0.16 inch in the 24 hours. The barometer had now commenced to fall at Shanghai (29.78) and in SW Japan (Nagasaki 29.85). At Hongkong (29.60) the barometer was steady and inclined to rise while in Luzon (Bolinao 29.65) a decided rise had taken place. Winds were strong NNE breezes at Sharp Peak, moderate breezes from NNW between Amoy and Hongkong and strong SW breezes in Manila. A very high temperature with low humidity and almost clear skies prevailed on the coast between Amoy and Hongkong. The S.S. Ask in Ponghou harbour (Pescadores) had a strong N gale with rainsqualls (bar. at 1 p. 29.32) during the greater part of the day. The barometer which had been practically steady the whole day began to rise late in the evening, the wind at the same time moderating. At 10 p. it backed to W and fell light.

Between the 4th and 5th great damage ashore and afloat was caused by the typhoon at Tamsui and Keelung. The centre passed a little to the E of the latter port early on the morning of the 5th.

On the 5th at noon the centre was situated in 26°15′, 122°30′ and it was now commencing to recurve towards the NE. Its speed during the previous 24 hours had been at the rate of about 7 miles per hour. The disturbance was now of great dimensions and determined the wind circulation from W Japan in the NE part of the system to the Cochin China Coast in the SW. The isobars which were oval shaped were very much elongated towards the SW. Winds were in accordance. The worst weather was felt over a considerable area in the N semicircle where the isobars lay closer together, the gradients being therefore correspondingly steep. The following are the observations made at a few coast stations on the 5th:-

Time of Observation.

* Nagasaki.

Woosung.

Ningpo.

Sharp Peak.

Amoy.

Hongkong.

Bolinao.

9 a.

3 p.

29.77 ENE 4 c. 29.67 NE 6 or. 29.63 NE or. 29.36 W 7 og. 29.49 SW 4 b. 29.65 NW 3 b. 29.73 SSE 1 c

.70 SE 4 0. 50 NE 7 or.

53 NNE or. .35 W 40. | 43 NW 4 c.

57 WNW 3 b. .67 SW 3 0.

* 10 a. and 2 p.

The S. S. Chiquen which had put into Namquan harbour (27° 09′, 120° 26') experienced there a strong NNW gale with the barometer, 29.31 at noon, almost steady until the evening when it rose, the wind at the same time backing to NW and decreasing. The S. S. Esang at anchor in Bullock harbour (27° 47', 121° 16') in a sheltered position, experienced a moderate and fresh NE backing to Ngale accompanied by heavy rainsqualls during the morning and in the afternoon moderate to strong NNW and NW breezes with overcast sky. Later in the evening the wind increased to a strong gale from NW and NW by W. The barometer was at its lowest point, 29.25, near 2 p. The centre seems to have been recurving at a distance of about 150 miles to E of the above vessels. The S. S. Mount Lebanon was situated at noon in 28° 58′, 126° 46′ or at a distance of about 250 miles to the ENE of the centre at that time. At 4 p. the barometer read 29.49 and a heavy ESE gale was blow- ing accompanied by a high cross sea. They steered towards NW keeping the wind on the starboard quarter but at 8 p. she was making such fearful weather in the heavy confused sea which was running that they were obliged to put her on the port tack, heading SSW, that being the only position in which she would obey the helm. Subsequently on the 6th the centre passed a little South of this vessel between 4 p. and 6 p. The following is the account given by her commander:-

"September 6th, 8 a.m. Barometer 29.10 falling rapidly; wind still ESE with furious squalls and terrific sca; got ship off the wind again and heading NNW but could only make way slowly on account of the propeller being most of the time out of the water altogether. Right on the storm track, ship in ballast and practically unmanageable. No. 3 water ballast tank had burst, after holds

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Hooded, ship taking a heavy list to port which made matters worse but we managed to steer her making a NNW course; steam steering gear carried away and steering ship with hand gear. noon, position by account 2° 55', 126° 20' barometer 28.90, ESE wind blowing with hurricane force. terrific sea and heavy rain. 2 p m. wind backed to E, barometer 28.80, terrific squalls and continuous blinding rain. 4 p.m. barometer 28.68, wind had backed steadily to NE by E, ship then heading about NW by W; wind force, sea and weather still the same; 6 p.m., barometer steady 28.68; 7.80 p.m., first rise of barometer and wind had backed to NNE ship heading about WSW, wind hurricane force, blinding rain and tremendous sea; ship taking fearful lurches to port; midnight, barometer had risen to 29.30 and wind had backed to NW with terrific squalls. September 7th 2 a.m. barometer 29.56, wind moderating but sea still very high."

These observations place the centre, which was now moving towards ENE, about 50 miles to the WSW of the above vessel, or in 29, 125, at noon on the 6th thus giving the disturbance a speed of about 11 miles per hour during the previous 24 hours. The Mount Libanon had made some few miles progress in a NNW and NW direction by 4 p., so that the centre passed just to the S of her position at this hour.

The barometer was falling fast at Nagasaki (29.50) and SE gales were blowing off the coast of Kiushia. At the mouth of the Yangtze N gales prevailed but the barometer (Gutzlaff 29.49) had there commenced to rise.

The S. S. Verona experienced the typhoon in about 30° 30′, 128° on the morning of the 7th. Winds of storm force backing from E to NE were experienced between I a. and 5 a but at the latter hour, the barometer being at its minimum, 28.47, the wind decreased to a moderate gale for a short time. As the barometer rose the wind increased again and at 8 a. they had typhoon force from NW which, however, commenced to moderate very slowly after 10 a. The S. S. Astoun also experienced a hurricane from NNW, a distance of about 60 miles to the NNW of the Verona. They recorded the lowest barometer reading, 29.22, at 8 a. The S. S. Bellona, in the right-hand semicircle and situated in 30° 16', 131° 12' experienced a fierce SSE gale at noon.

The centre was situated in 31° 00′, 129° 30′ at noon on the 7th thus giving it a speed of about 93 miles per hour during the previous 24 hours, and it must have entered SW Kiushiu shortly after- wards. The S. S. Mascotte lying in Nagasaki harbour experienced strong breezes veering gradually from E in the morning to N at night, the barometer falling to its lowest point (29.22) at 8 P.

After entering SW Japan the disturbance seems to have filled up to a considerable extent, and at the same time it moved NE with greatly increased velocity towards the Sea of Japan. The S. S. Ancona lying at Kobe experienced a moderate SSW gale at 8 a. on the 8th (barometer 29.38) which, however, quickly moderated, the direction veering to WSW with rapidly rising barometer. on the 8th it was in about 40°, 135°.

At noon

On the 10th at 10.20 a. "A depression appears to be situated to the SE of Luzon." At 11.15 a. Forecast: "barometer falling: fresh NE winds: fair.'

On the 10th at 4.15 p. "Depression in S Luzon moving towards WNW." On the 11th at

Forecast: "barometer falling: fresh NE winds: fair.

11.0 a.

On the 10th a sudden fall of the barometer amounting to about 0.1 inch occurred at Bolinao and Manila with moderate N and NE winds; but it appears that a trough-like depression had been formed across the China Sea in about 13° to 15° latitude, owing to pressure increasing quickly over China on the two previous days and the consequent rapid spread of NE winds to the Southward in the China Sea.

On the 11th strong NE breezes and moderate gales prevailed over the N part of the China Sea and as far South as 14° latitude on its Western side, while fresh SW winds prevailed on the Cochin China coast in about 10° latitude. The weather was showery and squally over the whole of this area.

Two lanterns hoisted horizontally. At 9.15 a. "Typhoon SE of At 10.10 a. "Severe typhoon approaching coast between Amoy Forecast: "barometer falling: strong N to W winds: squally with

On the 19th at 1.15 a. Swatow." Black Drum hoisted. and Swatow.” At 10.25 a. rain."

On the 20th Black Drum lowered before daylight. At 11.10 a. moderate or fresh NE winds: unsettled, showery.

On the 21st at 5.30 a. Black South Cone hoisted. At 11.0 a. kong apparently moving towards W." Forecast: "barometer rising and E breezes: showery and squally to fair."

At 8.45 p. Black South Cone lowered.

Forecast: "barometer rising:

"Depression SSW of Hong- slowly: strong to fresh NE

The typhoon (XII) which advanced towards the Formosa Channel on the 18th was preceded on the 15th by a depression which moved to the Eastward over N China. In rear of this depression pressure rose rapidly in the neighbourhood of Shanghai until on the 18th (30.11) it stood at about

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0.2 inch above the normal. Pressure had also increased on the SE and S Coasts (Sharp Peak 29.91. Hongkong 29.85) but conditions as to pressure were almost normal in these districts on the morning of the 18th. In Luzon the barometer (Bolinao 29.73) had been slightly low for the past few days. Strong NE monsoon prevailed at this time on the East Coast of China and at the N entrance to the Formosa Channel while in the China Sea to the S of Hongkong it was moderate. In the SW part of the China Sea in about 6, 107° the barometer read 29.90, winds being moderate and fresh breezes from W and SW.

The afternoon observations made at the Coast Stations on the 18th showed a slight fall of the mercury in Luzon, winds being light breezes from W at Bolinao and from SW at Manila; but a more marked decrease had occurred at Amoy where the wind was a moderate breeze from NE. From observations made on board H. M. S.'s Pique and Peacock and the S.S. Thales and also from those made and kindly forwarded by Mr. A. W. BAIN, of Auping, we know that a typhoon was rapidly advancing towards S Formosa from the SE on the morning of the 15th, the probable position of the centre at noon on this day being 21°, 122° or about 70 miles to the ESE of S. Cape. Information from the Pacific area is wanting with the exception of observations made on board the Russian S. S. Sarutow near S Formosa, but the observations rather point to this disturbance having been rather quickly formed in a region of slightly low pressure lying to the E of the Bashee Channel, the chief agency in its formation probably being the rapid increase of pressure to the Northward and the consequent advance of strong NE inonsoon to the Southward. The S. S. Saratow at 8 p. in 23° 20′,

121° 50′ had 29.26 E 11.

The observations made by Mr. BAIN at Anping show that the barometer began to fall rather quickly after 9 a. on the 18th, the wind being moderate from N but increasing to a strong breeze at noon. After 8 p. the barometer fell very rapidly and a heavy N gale was then blowing which increased to typhoon force from N to NE at 10 p. The barometer attained its lowest point, 29.29, at 1 a. of the 19th. Between 2 a. and 3 a. the wind shifted gradually to SE. Very little rain fell. Consider- able damage to houses and godowns resulted. From observations made at Takow and kindly for- warded by Mr. BAIN it is seen that the centre passed over that port at 0.30 a. on the 19th. The barometer fell from 29.94 at 8 a. on the 18th to 29.30 at midnight, the wind being from NNW and N till the evening, when it veered to NE. The mercury descended to its lowest point, 28.90, at 0.30 a. on the 19th, ie., it fell no less than 0.4 inch in half an hour, at the same time the wind veered to SSE, The barometer readings made at Takow are uncorrected, but are believed to require a negative correction of between 0.1 and 0.2 inch.

H. M. S.'s Pique and Peacock and the S. S. Thales got up steam on the morning of the 8th and left the open roadstead of Anping for shelter at about 2 p., but they were too late and all encountered the storm. The S. S. Thales made but little progress against the N gale and at 7 p. she was hove to on the starboard tack in the right-hand semicircle. Winds of storm and typhoon force from N by E were experienced between 9 p. of the 18th and 2.30 a. of the 19th. At the latter hour the baro- meter showed the minimum, 28.98, and shortly afterwards the wind veered to E, but at 4 a. it had decreased to a fresh gale from S. The centre passed at a distance of about 10 miles only to the SSW of the vessel at 3 a. Her position at this hour is given as 23° 9', 119° 36'. H. M. S. Peacock after steering towards WNW was hove to at 6 p. At 10.30 p., the barometer, 29.48, was falling rapidly with the wind at N of storm force. The vessel was then run to the SW.

The vessel was then run to the SW. At 1 a. the barometric minimum, 29.34, occurred, but it remained almost steady until after 4 a. The wind. in the left-hand semicircle, backed to WNW at 2 a. and continued to blow with storm force from this direction until after 4 a. when it backed to WSW.

The centre, which was situated in 23° 00′, 119° 35′ at 3 a. passed about 25 miles to the NE of the vessel at this hour. It was therefore situated between the position of the Thales and that of the Peacock, but nearer to the former than to the latter. Both vessels sustained considera ble damage.

H. M. S. Pique ran to SW by S at 6 p. on the 18th, but nevertheless experienced a fierce gale with squalls of typhoon force from N on the evening of the 18th but backing to WNW and WSW next morning.

The disturbance was moving towards W by N on the morning of the 19th and at noon the position of the centre is fixed by the observations made on board the steamships Victoria and Monmouthshire. The Victoria encountered the centre at noon in 23° 22′, 117° 54′. The wind which had been blowing a fierce gale (direction not stated but presumably from NW) fell calm at noon, the sky, however, remained overcast and threatening and there was a high topping sea. The barometer read 29.14 uncorrected. At.1.30 p, the wind suddenly freshened and blew a strong gale from S with terrific squalls. The S. S. Monmouthshire passed the Lamocks bound North at 3 a. The wind was light from NW and W and rain commenced falling. A large number of birds flew on board making a most horrible noise. At 6 a. the barometer read 29.68, the wind was of force 6 and the sea very confused. Half an hour later they ran into a heavy NE gale with mountainous sea and torrents of rain. At 8 a. it was blowing a hurricane from NE which continued until after noon when the barometer was at its lowest point, 29.02. Overhead there was some clearing of the clouds at this time. At 1 p. the wind veered to ESE with fast rising barometer, and at 2 p. the wind had decreased to a fresh gale from SE. At the latter hour a fierce gale from NW was blowing at Swatow and one hour later the

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wind fell suddenly calm which lasted 15 minutes. The barometer was then at its lowest point and read 29.33. The wind came again from S and blew hard for a short time, but at 4 p., the barometer having risen to 29.57, the wind had decreased to a strong S breeze. The centre therefore passed over or just to the N of Swatow just after 3 p., but it must at once have commenced to fill up on entering the coast even if it had not done so to some extent, while crossing the channel.

Several vessels, the steamships Failee, Fushun, Lyderhorn and Jacob Christensen, also the ship Celeste Burrill, experienced winds of typhoon force from NE in the northern part of the Formosa Channel on the morning of the 19th. The S. S. Chunshan, approaching Swatow from the S at noon, encountered a fierce WNW gale. She turned back and ran to the Southward and then had much better weather.

On the evening of the 19th the wind at Swatow backed from S to SE while at Hongkong the direction remained from N to NW. At Victoria Peak a strong N breeze prevailed. The barometer was rising. At Canton a moderate N breeze was blowing and the barometer had fallen since the morning. At sea to the S of Swatow moderate S breezes prevailed.

Next morning, the 20th, a complete change of wind direction had occurred at Victoria Peak, Hongkong, where a moderate to fresh SE breeze now blew in place of the strong N breezes of the previous evening. The direction of the lower clouds as observed at Hongkong Observatory had also changed from N to SE. Light airs from NW to W and SE prevailed there, and at Gap Rock light breezes from N and NNW. At Canton gentle breezes from N and NE prevailed. The barometer was rising, but slowly, at Hongkong. The Swatow observations indicate that the disturbance, which had no doubt filled considerably, was pursuing a W or WSW course on the evening of the 19th, and the observations at Hongkong and neighbouring stations indicate that the remains of the late typhoon was drifting over this locality on the morning of the 20th as a diffused depression. It would appear that it passed out to sea spreading towards the S and probably increased slightly in intensity, as during the evening of the 20th and morning of the 21st the barometer fell slightly in Hongkong and a moderate E gale was experienced.

On the 21st the Hoihow observations furnish a trace of the depression. At this station very heavy rain fell throughout the day with gentle and light breezes veering from N in the morning to SE at night. The barometer fell very slightly. The steamships Invertay and Glengyle experienced strong NE gales with a slight fall in the barometer on the evening of the 21st to the S of Hongkong

in about 19° latitude.

On the 23rd at 10.40 a.

"There are indications of a depression in the Pacific to the E of the Balingtang Channel." At 11.0 a. Forecast: "barometer falling: moderate NE and N winds: fair." On the 23rd at 4.20 p. The depression appears to be moving towards NW." On the 24th at

Forecast: "barometer unsteady: moderate to fresh N winds: fair." On the 24th at 4.45 p. Red Drum hoisted. On the 25th at 10.40 a. Typhoon in Formosa apparently moving towards NNW."

Forecast: "barometer steady or rising: fresh NW winds: fair."

11.0 a.

At 11.0 a.

On the 26th at 10.40 a. Black Drum hoisted. "The typhoon lies a little to the East of Swatow. It is apparently filling up and probably moving slowly towards W or WSW at present." At 11.0 a. Forecast: "strong N winds: squally with rain."

On the 26th at 1 p. "The centre of the typhoon has passed a little to the S of Swatow, moving westward. Strong NW winds, perhaps a gale, may blow in Hongkong to-night unless the centre fills up before reaching here." At 6.15 p. Two lanterns hoisted vertically. On the 27th at 10.40 a. Black South Cone hoisted. "The depression appears to be now situated to the SE of Hongkong. It continues filling up and is apparently moving towards SW." At 11.0 a. Forecast: "barometer rising slowly: fresh to strong NE breezes: wet and squally."

On the 28th at 10.30 a. Black South Cone lowered.

On the 22nd a trough was found to be formed lying through about 17, 110° and through the Balingtang Channel. The past typhoon probably gave rise to the western portion of this trough as it disappeared therein, and the next typhoon (XIII) seems to have had its origin in the eastern part of this trough.

On the 23rd pressure decreased about 0.05 inch in Luzon and on the SE coast of China; Sharp Peak had 29.81, Amoy 29.77, Hongkong 29.81 and Bolinao 29.72. Winds were moderate from E to NE between Hongkong and Foochow and light from W at Bolinao and Manila. The S.S. Ask at Anping (S Formosa) had moderate to strong N breezes with fine weather, but the barometer had commenced to fall. The depression may have been central at noon in 19" to 20° and 125°.

On the 24th a further fall of the mercury had occurred on the SE coast of China and in Luzon amounting to about 0.05 inch in the former district but slightly less in the latter. Sharp Peak now had 29.75, Amoy 29.72, Hongkong 29.77 and Bolinao 29.70. Moderate breezes prevailed from WNW nt Bolinao, from SW at Manila and from N to NE on the SE coast of China. Captain HYGOM of the S.S. Ask lying at Anping suspected a typhoon to the SE and he left the roadstead at daylight to get shelter at the Pescadores. The wind had increased to a strong breeze from N by E with the barometer

520

falling. At noon in Ponghou harbour it was blowing a fresh N gale which increased to a hard gale from the same direction in the evening but as yet the barometer was almost steady. The centre of the typhoon was perhaps situated in about 21, 123" moving towards WNW.

On the morning of the 25th from observations made at Anping by Mr. A. W. BAIN we see that the centre of the disturbance had approached the coast of S Formosa. At Anping the barometer fell from 29.61 at 8 a. to 29.37 at 4 p., the wind being from N until 3 p. and blowing with almost typhoon force between 1 p. and 3 p. At 4 P. the direction veered to NE and the force began to decrease with rising barometer. Between 7 p. and midnight a calm prevailed, but at the latter hour the wind came again suddenly from SE blowing fairly strong with the barometer rising rapidly. The centre was probably situated in 22o1⁄2, 121° at noon, e., on the E Coast of S Formosa. In crossing the island it, no doubt, filled up considerably and the Anping observations indicate that the central area which passed near this station had scarcely cleared the island until midnight. The S.S. Ask was lying in Makung harbour (Pescadores) and a hurricane was experienced from N between noon and 9 p. when the force slightly decreased, the direction veering a little. The barometer was at its lowest point at 4 p. and it then rose slowly. At midnight they had NNE wind of force 10 and the barometer com- menced to rise quickly. At 5 a. on the 26th the direction had veered to SE, a moderate breeze.. The centre therefore passed to the S of Makung near 2 a. on the 26th and it seemed to have already commenced to move in a WSW direction under the influence of the strong NNE winds blowing down the Formosa Channel.

On the morning of the situated in 23° 00', 110" 10'.

26th the centre had approached Swatow and at noon on this day it was

The following are observations at some coast stations on this day:-

Time.

Sharp Peak.

Amoy.

Swatow.

Gap Rock.

Bolinao.

29.86 NE 9 og.

29.72 NE 6 0.

.84 NE 7 or.

.76 NE 6 0.

29.65 NNW 7 0.

.68 E 10 org.

29.80 N 5

73 NNW 7

29.80 SE 1.0.

.78 SW 2 c.

92.,

3 P.

The S.S. Niobe was situated in 23° 9', 118° 02′ at noon. They had barometer 29.75 with E & veering to ESE and SE as they progressed towards Hongkong. At Swatow the wind backed again to ENE and decreased to force 5 during the evening which indicates, together with observations made on board ship and at Hongkong, that the centre was moving towards SW while the depression was filling up and winds becoming light.

At noon on the 27th there was a trace of the depression in about 20°, 115. It then changed into an elongated trough-like depression lying from about 15o, 11-2o and through the Bashee Channel or thereabouts.

OCTOBER.

On the 28th at 11.15 a. "Pressure is low in S Luzon." moderate NE winds: cloudy, possibly some rain.'

Forecast:-" barometer falling:

On the 31st at 10.30 a. There is a depression in the China Sea to the S of Hongkong in about 15" to 16" latitude." At 11.0 a. Forecast:-"barometer unsteady: fresh to strong NE breezes: unsettled, wet."

On the 1st November at 11.15 a. "The shallow depression still lies in the China Sea to the S of Hongkong." Forecast:-"barometer unsteady: fresh and strong NE breezes: cloudy, some drizzling

rain.

From October 26th to 29th pressure was decreasing generally on the China Coast from Hongkong to Shanghai and also in Luzon. On the latter date it was in defect to the extent of from 0.1 to 0.2 inch at Hongkong (29.89) and at Shanghai (29.97), and the monsoon had become moderate and light ◄ along the coast and in the N part of the China Sea. At Manila (29.75) and Bolinao pressure was also about 0.1 inch below the normal and the winds at these two stations, which had been light from a N to E direction on the previous days, now became SE. At Cape St. James a light SW breeze prevailed.

The great decrease of pressure over N China, which appears to have been due to a depression lying over Manchuria on the 28th, caused the monsoon to become light on the China Coast from Shanghai southwards and also over the N part of the China Sea. The circumstances thus became favourable to the advance northwards of the S current and we know that on the 28th, light SW breezes had taken the place of the light NE winds which had previously prevailed at Cape St. James on the Cochin China Coast, while still farther south, in about 5°, 107°, strong S and SW breezes prevailed on this day. It therefore seems probable that a trough-like slight depression in which variable winds and calms prevailed was formed in a belt lying across the China Sea and Philippine Archipelago in from 10° to 12" lat. and that on the 29th this depression (XIV) had possibly become cyclonic to the SW of Luzon owing to the further advance northwards of S winds along the W Philippines.

521

On the 30th we have the following barometer readings Shanghai 30.05, Hongkong 29.90, Hoihɔw 29.91, Bolinao 29.73, Manila 29.76. Winds were light breezes from ESE and SE at the two latter stations while at sea in 20", 115, (bar. 29.90) moderate N and NE winds prevailed. The S.S. Shantung in 17° 18', 118° 44′, had 29.74, NE 4 with clouded sky. At Cape St. James light and gentle SW breezes were blowing, the weather being squally with thunderstormis. The low pressure seems to have been central in perhaps 14, 118° and moving towards NW.

On the 31st we have: Hongkong 29.92 ENE 3 od, Hoihow 29.91 NE 3 c, Bolinao 29.79 SSE 3 c, Manila 29.80 var. 2 c, Cape St. James SW 3 c. The barometer had risen at Bolinao and Manila but was practically steady at the other stations. The centre of the depression may have been situated in about 16, 116° at noon. The S. S. Shantung, to the northward of this position and in 20° 00′, 118° 03', experienced a moderate NE by E gale with light rain and high confused sea.

The barometer, which read 29.73 at noon, was rising. To the westward of the centre the S. S. Namyong in 14' 48', 110° 25′ had the barometer (29.86) falling and a strong NW increasing breeze accompanied, in the evening, by hard rainsqualls and a confused sea.

Next day, November 1st, the latter vessel had very bad weather throughout, the centre of the disturbance, which was at noon situated in about 16°3 111, passing a few miles to the N of her position at 6 p. moving in a W or WSW direction towards the S entrance to the Gulf of Tongking. They experienced a strong to whole gale from WNW at 4 a. (bar. 29.70) backing to SW by S at 6 p, the barometer attaining its lowest point, 29.50, at the latter hour. The strongest wind, of force 11 from WSW, was experienced between 3 p. and 4 p., but after 6 p. the wind decreased to a moderate brecze backing to SSE and E and a fine night followed with clear sky. They tried to run to the Southward at 5 a. with the wind at W but could not on account of the heavy sea, and owing to the proximity of the Paracel Reefs they were prevented from going to the Eastward. The steam-ships Ask and Hongkong, off Hainan Head and about 200 miles to the N of the centre, had strong NE breezes with rising barometer, and the S.S. Rohilla moderate SW breezes (bar. 29.76) at about 300 miles distance to the S of the centre.

NOVEMBER.

On the 2nd at 10.30 a. Red drum hoisted. "A typhoon appears to be situated near the Baling- tang Channel.' At 11.10 a. Forecast :-"strong N winds, perhaps a gale; cloudy and squally. Strong winds and gales from N and NE probable generally along the China Coast between Shanghai and Hainan."

On the 3rd at 10.30 a. Red drum lowered. At 11.5 Forecast:-" barometer rising: strong N breezes cloudy and squally."

On the 4th at 11.10 a. Forecast:-" barometer rising: strong to fresh N breezes, squally: fair. Heavy monsoon in the China Sea."

On the 1st November pressure was slightly above the normal at Shanghai, 30.19, and in defect to the extent of between 0.1 and 0.15 inch at Hongkong, 29.91, and at Manila, 29.76. Pressure had not recovered at the two latter stations in rear of the late typhoon which still existed on this day to the S of Hainan. At Manila the barometer fell somewhat during the afternoon a moderate WSW breeze prevailing, while at Bolinao a light breeze blew from NW. Fresh breezes froin NE and E were blowing on the China Coast between Hongkong and Amoy. These observations afford some indications of the existence of a new disturbance which appears to have been situated to the E of N Luzon.

On the 2nd November the following conditions prevailed. At Shanghai 30.34, and at Pakhoi . (Gulf of Tongking), 30.14, the barometer had risen rapidly. At Hongkong, 30.00, the increase of pressure was also considerable, but at Amoy, 29.94, there was no change. At Bolinao, 29.79, and at Manila, 29.86, the barometer had risen. In Japan pressure varied from 30.15 at Nagasaki to 30.04 at Tokio. Strong winds and gales from N to NE blew generally on the China Coast. At Amoy and Swatow the direction backed from NE in the morning to N in the afternoon. At Gap Rock, Hongkong, a moderate to fresh gale blew from NNW, at Bolinao a light breeze from SE and S, and at Manila a moderate SW breeze in the morning and a light SE breeze in the afternoon. At sca we have the following observations at noon on the 2nd :-The S.S. Chittagong situated in 26° 15', 123° 00', 30.09 NE 9 or; S.S. Michael Jebsen 23° 39′, 117° 56′ 29 91 NNE 9 o; SS. Sungkiang 19° 04', 116° 48′ 29.71 NW 7 op; S.S. Yuensang 15° 01', 119° 58′ 29.87 SW 4 oq; Bk. Torrisdale 13° 56′ 133° 01′ 29.94 NE 5; S.S. Guthrie 8° 51', 121° 51′ 29.88 WNW 3 orq. These observations together with those made at the Coast Stations show that an area of low pressure was situated in the neighbourhood of the Balingtang Channel and the centre may be placed, approximately, in the position 20, 120° at noon. The S.S. Yuensang had been steering S by E from her noon position (19° 12′, 118" 58′) of the previous day. The barometer fell to 29.70 at 4 a. on the second, the wind of force 4 to 5, backing from E by N on the afternoon of the 1st to N at midnight, to W at 4 a. on the 2nd and thence to ŞW. These observations indicate that the vessel had passed to the W of a cyclonic disturbance between the evening of the 1st and morning of the 2nd. On board the Sungkiang, to the W of the centre and steering for Hongkong, the barometer was at its lowest point at noon and thereafter it rose rapidly, and they had a strong gale from NNW during the evening. To the NW of the centre the

522

Michael Jebsen and other vessels, off the China Coast near Swatow and steering towards Hongkong, bad the wind backing to N and N and NW during the afternoon and blowing a strong gale with the barometer rising late at night.

The disturbance (XV) seems to have been recurving to the NE during the evening.

On the 3rd, we have the following observations :-Nagasaki 10 a. 29.93 NNW 3 or, 2 p. 29.91 NNW 40.; Tokio 10 a. 29.92 NW 2, 2 p. 29.69 NW 2; Shanghai 30.24, Amoy 29.98, Hongkong 30.06, Bolinao 29.86, Manila 29.88. Pressure had therefore increased to a moderate extent at the four latter stations while it had decreased in the North, especially in Japan. Strong winds from N and NE continued on the China Coast and strong winds from NW blew between Shanghai and Nagasaki. At Bolinao and Manila the wind was as follows:-Bolinao 9 a. SSW 2, 3 p. NW 3; Manila 10 a. W 1,

p. SW 4.

A depression was apparently moving rapidly to the NE at some distance from the S coast of Japan on this day, but the observations are insufficient to connect this with the disturbance situated near the Balingtang Channel on the previous day. The latter must have moved with extraordinary velocity if it be assumed that it had reached the southern shores of Japan in 24 hours. On the other hand, it is possible that its position was little changed and that it was filling up in the neighbourhood of S. Formosa. Observations from Formosa would determine the point but they are, unfortunately,↓ not available.

On the 4th pressure had increased slightly at Shanghai and to the extent of 0.25 inch, and 0.20 inch at Amoy and Hongkong respectively, and the NE monsoon blew with great severity in the N part of the China Sea during the following two or three days.

ว

The American full-rigged ship John R. Kelly from New York bound for Hongkong crossed the equator in 119° E, and had thereafter calms and light W breezes. On the 6th in 49, 132° they report SW 5 with stormy looking sky and long NE swell. On the 7th in 6°, 134 they report a rapidly falling glass, S 6, and NE swell. At noon on the 8th in 9, 134° they report ENE 8, increasing. In the meantime they had made everything snug and taken in upper topsail and mainsail.

At 6 p. they put the ship round to S to keep out of the centre of the typhoon, as the wind, they say, worked round to W. They kept her under lower topsails and storm-spanker all night, the sea increasing and the ship being completely under water. The sea had filled the forward house and the cabin. At 3 a. on the 9th they report NW 10. At 8 a. with W 9, they put ship's head to N. At 4 p. on the 9th in

9°, 135° they report WNW 9. At noon on the 10th in 9, 136 they report WSW 9. Next day the barometer rose, they say, and the SW gale moderated. On the 12th in 159, 136 they report NE light breeze, but on the 13th in 17°, 135° NE 8. Sails were lost and 3 men hurt. On the 14th in 17°, 134° the NE gale continued with org. The positions given we consider doubtful, and it is very likely that the dates are wrong too, so that, eg., the 8th should have been entered where the 7th is given as the date. The full-rigged ship Selkirk from Cardiff to Hongkong reports:—

6th, 7th,

8th,

9th,

8° 21′ 132° 53′

8 53 132 40

.10 00 132 59 29.87

var.

...

2 or. { 10th, 11th, 12th,

WNW 2 NW 5

11 43 133 32 .62 W 12 orq. 18th,

They used oil on the 9th when under bare poles.

.11° 37′ 134° 01′ 29.57 SWA

11 40 134 17 13 13 133 17 15 02 134 02

1 0.

.77 WSW .87

mod.

NW 5

The greatest wind force they report at midnight on the 9th.

The date given is uncertain.

The

path of the typhoon (XVI) surmised from these data is therefore very uncertain.

On the 8th at 5.30 p. "There are indications of a depression in the China Sea to the SW of Luzon," On the 9th at 11.15 a. freshening fine."

On the 10th at 11.20 a. about 15° to 16° latitude."

On the 11th at 11.20 a.

On the 12th at 11.10 a.

On the 13th at 11.10 a.

Forecast :----" barometer unsteady: moderate N winds, probably

The depression now appears to be situated to the S of Hongkong in Forecast" barometer unsteady: fresh NE winds: fair." Forecast:-"barometer steady: fresh NE winds: fair. Forecast" barometer rising: fresh NE winds: fine."

Forecast:--"barometer rising: fresh to strong N breezes: fine, clear. Strong monsoon, increasing, in N part of China Sea.

On the 14th at 11.10 a. Forecast:-" barometer steady: strong to fresh NE breezes: dull, some drizzling rain. Heavy monsoon in N part of China Sea."

Pressure remained about 0.2 inch above the normal over China and slightly in excess in Luzon until the 6th November when it commenced to decrease. On the 7th we have the following observations: Hongkong 30.14; Hoihow 30.19; Manila 29 90. Strong NE breezes blew on the S coast of China and light breezes from NNE at Bolinao and Manila. Off the Annam coast in about 13° latitude the barometer read 29.90 and moderate NE and N gales prevailed. The S.S. Memnon situated in 12° 13′, 117° 39′ at noon (barometer 29.94), and steering S by W passed during the day from a region where moderate NE winds prevailed to one in which the wind was light and variable and accompanied by rainsqualls, and thence, in the evening, to one in which fresh SW winds were blowing with hard rain- squalls.

523

In the absence of more complete data it seems probable that a depression was in course of forina- tion in the trough-like area through which this vessel passed about mid-day.

On the 8th we have the following observations-Hongkong 30.03; Hoihow 30.08; Bolinao 29.83 Manila 29.86. The barometer had therefore fallen at these stations since the previous day. Light and moderate NE winds prevailed on the S coast of China and light SE winds at Manila with rain. At sea, off the Annam coast in about 13° latitude, the barometer read about 29.95 and moderate gales from N and NW accompanied by wet squally weather prevailed. In 5°, 106° the barometer stood at about 29.95 and several vessels had fine weather with moderate NW breezes in this locality. The S.S. Memnon, to the W of the S extremity of Palawan, had the barometer, 29.87, falling with a

noderate SSW gale accompanied by continuous rain and hard squalls.

These observations show that winds were cyclonic round the China Sea and indicate that the area of low barometer was situated to the NW of Palawan and to the SW of Luzon and approximately in the position 13o, 117° at noon on this day:

On the 9th we have the following observations-Hongkong 29.98; Hoihow 30.02; Bolinao 29.80; Manila 29.82. The barometer had thus continued to fall slightly at these stations. Light and and moderate NE and N winds blew on the S. Coast of China, light breezes from SE at Bolinao, and from NE to E at Manila. Off the Annam Coast in about 14° Latitude the barometer read 29.90 and fresh N to NNW gales prevailed. In about 7°, 108° moderate NW breezes blew with showery and squally weather, the barometer standing at about 29.90. The S.S. Memnon had a fresh SW brecze with the barometer reading 29.85 near the Balabac Channel.

The central area of the depression (XVII) seems to have been occupying much the same position as on the previous day, but the general decrease of pressure round the China Sea indicates that it was. increasing in intensity.

On the 10th the following conditions prevailed:-Hongkong 30.03; Hoihow 30.03; Bolinao 29.82; Manila 29.86. These observations of the barometer show that pressure had increased slightly since the previous day on the S. Coast of China and in Luzon. It was below the normal to the extent of about 0.06 inch at Hongkong and 0.03 inch at Manila. Moderate NE monsoon blew on the S. Coast of China and moderate SE breezes at Bolinao. By aid of these and observations made on board vessels at sea, the centre may be placed, approximately, in 14°, 116° at noon. At a distance of about 350 miles to the N of this position the S.S. Michael Jebsen, in 19° 54', 115° 27', had the barometer, 29.93, falling and a moderate NE gale increasing and veering slightly as she steered towards SSE. A very high cross sea, from NE and SE, prevailed. To the WNW, at a distance of about 350 miles, the S.S. Sishan, in 15° 53', 110o 27', had 29.85 and a strong increasing breeze from N; the S.S. Agamemnon, in 16° 45′, 111° 05', at a distance of about 350 miles to the SW of the centre had the barometer, 29.87, falling and a WNW increasing gale with high confused sca; near the position 8°, 109o the barometer read about 29.97, the wind being a moderate breeze from NW to SW.

On the 11th pressure conditions on the S. Coast of China and in Luzon remained as on the previous day. The NE wind had, however, freshened a little on the S. Coast of China while the SE winds at Bolinao and Manila had become light. The centre of the depression must have been near the position 14, 115%. It was moving so slowly, at between 30 and 40 miles per day only, that the observations reveal but little difference in its situation from day to day, although a notion to some. point of W is apparent on the whole. To the N by E of the above position at a distance of about 275 iniles, the S.S. Michael Jebsen, in 18° 19', 116° 43', had the barometer, 29.85, falling and the wind a strong gale from NE by E. The vessel was hove to during the afternoon, the wind increasing to storm force with a dangerously high sea; the S.S. Macher, at a distance of about 370 miles to `NW, and in 18° 27', 111° 17' steering towards NE, had the barometer, 30.01, rising and a fresh increasing gale from NE; the S.S. Agamemnon, about 150 miles to the WSW of the centre and in 12° 48′, 113° 14', had the barometer, 29.70, falling with a strong WNW gale and high confused sea; in about 11°, 112" the barometer read 29.83 with fresh W breezes and in 8, 108 light WNW breezes prevailed with the barometer standing at 29.97.

On the 12th pressure had increased slightly on the S. Coast of China, while in Luzon no change, had taken place. Hongkong had 30.04, Hoihow 30.06, Bolinao 29.83 and Manila 29.86. Light SE winds still prevailed at the two latter stations. The centre may be placed in 14°, 115° on this day at noon. The S.S. Michael Jebsen, hove to at a distance of 250 miles to the NNE of this position, continued to have winds of storm force from NE by E. At noon the barometer read 29.86, but it was now rising and the wind force decreased a little towards evening. Off the SE coast of Hainan, at a distance of 350 miles to the NW of the centre, the barometer read 29.97 and strong NNE winds with showery and squally weather prevailed; the S.S. Agamemnon was now situated in 13° 43', 114° 02′ and at a distance of 75 miles to SW by W of the centre. They still had a strong WNW gale at noon and the barometer had fallen to. 29.55. The vessel was kept on her course towards NNE and during the afternoon the wind veered to NW and decreased to a moderate gale, the barometer rising a little. This vessel might have been run to the SE with advantage as by keeping her course to the northward she was passing towards the storm track and into the right-hand semicircle, a particularly dangerous position in the NE monsoon. NW to W gales blew at a distance of from 150 to 250 miles to the W and SW of the centre, the barometer reading about 29.95 on the Annam coast in 13° Lat. In 9° 7′,* 110° 47′ the S.S. Albingra had 30.02 with a gentle NW breeze and fine weather.

524

On the 13th pressure was high over N. China and a considerable increase had taken place on the S. Coast of China and the barometer had also risen in Luzon; Hongkong had 30.15, Hoihow 30.16, Bolinao 29.88 and Manila 29.92. Pressure was now slightly above the normal both at Hongkong and Manila. Fresh NE monsoon blew on the S. coast of China and the light SE breezes were main- tained at Bolinao. From the marine data the position of the centre at noon on this day may be given as 14° 45', 114° 30′ with accuracy from the following observations. S.S. Agamemnon 15° 10′, 114° 27′ 29.58 NE 4; S.S. Pakling 14° 55', 113° 32′ 29.71 NW 6; S.S. Wingsang 13° 47', 14° 25′ 29.71 W/S 6. They also indicate that the centre was a large one and show that there was a considerable area around it where the winds were comparatively light. The following information shows that strongest winds were experienced at some distance from the centre. To the W, at a distance of about 250 miles, the steamships Macduff, Holstein and Framnes experienced fierce gales from NNW; to the NNW, at a distance of from 300 to 350 miles, strong NNE winds to gales prevailed accompanied by showery and squally weather the barometer reading about 30.04; the S.S. Michael Jebsen still had a fierce NË gale at a distance of about 300 miles to the NE of the centre and strong NE monsoon prevailed at a distance of about 250 miles to the ENE of the centre which shows that the NE monsoon was spread- ing down the Eastern side of the China Sea in rear of the depression; the S.S. Albingia had only a fresh WNW breeze with the barometer reading 29.93 at a distance of 200 miles to the SW by S of the centre.

During the evening on board the Agamemnon they had an increasing NE gale with the barometer rising rapidly as they steered to the NNE; the Pakling, steering N, had the barometer rising with the wind veering to NE and increasing; and the Wingsang, steering NNE. passed to the rear of the depression and had the barometer rising and the wind, of force 5 only, backing to SW in the afternoon. and gradually to ESE the same night.

On the 14th pressure remained very high over N China and a further large increase had taken place on the S Coast. In Luzon the barometer had also risen considerably. Hongkong had 30.26, Hoihow 30.23, Bolinao 29.95, and Manila 30.00. Pressure was now above the normal, at Hongkong 0.15 inch, and at Manila 0.10 inch. The centre of the depression seems to have passed N of the S.S. Polyphemus at 4 a. on this day. The vessel was then situated in 14° 29', 113° 00'. A heavy W gale had been experienced up to midnight, but at 2 a. the wind dropped. At 4 a. (bar. 29.80 lowest reading) it began to increase again from SE but it only attained the force of a fresh breeze. In rear of the centre the winds were extremely feeble in this disturbance. At noon the centre was probably situated in 15° 15′, 112° 00′. In rear of the centre at a distance of about 75 miles the barometer read 29.80 and moderate to fresh breezes blew from SE, the weather being squally; in the W quadrant, or in front of the centre at a distance of about 100 miles, the barometer read 29.85 and fierce gales from N and NNW prevailed. The steamships Loosok, Framnes and Macduff ran to the southward and had the wind backing to the NW and W during the evening. The S.S. Holstein held on her course to the N and had the wind veering to the E. In the NE quadrant strong gales from NE prevailed at distances varying from 150 to 400 miles from the centre. The wind direction was not, however, controlled by the depression although the force was doubtless augmented by it.

Between the 13 and 14th the disturbance traversed a distance of about 150 miles, so that its rate of progression suddenly increased on the 13th.

On the 15th there yet remains a trace of the depression. To the S of Hongkong in from 17° to 20° lat. strong breezes and moderate gales from E to NE prevailed with the barometer standing at about 30.10. The S.S. Holstein to the S of Hainan and in 17° 49′, 110° 39′ had a moderate E gale with the barometer reading 29 96. On the Annam Coast near Cape Varella the steamships Frammes and Loosok had fresh decreasing W winds in the morning, backing to SW and S at night and becom- ing light. The barometer which read about 29.93 at noon was rising. The depression was probably central near the position 153, 109 at noon, but it had apparently almost filled up.

During the last few days of the existence of this depression high pressure prevailed over China and the NE monsoon blew very strongly in the N part of the China Sea quite irrespective of the low pressure area to the Southward. In the northern semicircle the monsoon and the strong winds due to the depression itself were therefore combined and produced very heavy weather in this part of the disturbance; and in consequence of the slow motion of the latter these strong winds were main- tained for several days and many vessels steering northwards in the China Sea were delayed and suffered severely, some of them being in difficulties through running short of coal.

Extract of observations made on board ships in the Far East in 1895.

The corrections to barometer and anëroid readings made on board ships are determined as far as possible by comparing the readings entered on our forms or in the Logbooks when the vessel is in port with more reliable instruments read on shore, but no allowance can be made for scale-errors, and the index errors are supposed to vary with the time. Observations made on board ships are usually very rough. With regard to the direction and force of the wind frequently the motion of the vessel is not taken into account. The weather symbols given are those in general use to denote the state of the sky and weather with the exception of k, which is here used whenever the term "clear" or "fine" is written is the Logbook. These latter terms are too indefinite to admit of a clear interpretation as regards the state of the sky. The following observations were all made at noon (true time) :-

525

Vessel.

Lat.

North.

May 1st.

Long. East.

Bar.

MAY, 1895.

Wind. Wea-

Dir. For, ther.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

May 5th. Long. East.

Bar.

ins.

0-12

ins.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

0-12

Riojun Maru, str.,

.38° 53′

121° 52′

30.00

N 3

C..

China, str.,

21°22′

113° 25′ 30.06

E 4

Kaisar-i-Hind, str., .34 11

138 0

30.01

E 4

Sungkiang, str.,

..21 11

118 54

.04

Ancona, str.,

.33 48

131 35

29.98

SE 3

or.

Activ, str.,

...20 33

111 14

0.1

Chi Yuen, str.,

.28 24

121 54

30.01

ESE 1

.0.

Zafiro, str.,...

.20 29

115 42

29.99

Ayr, str.,...

.25 11

119 48

29.92

N 2 cf.

Rohilla, str.,

19 45

113 46

.99 ENE 5

Nanyang, str.,

.24

118 30

.91

NE 4 ofr.

Yuensang, str.,

19 12

116 17

.95

Pallas, str.,

.23 33 117 54

.92

NE 4 m.

Chunshan, str.,

.18 80

111 21

.80

I.M.C.C. Likin,

Tasmania, bk.,

.18 12 109 33

15 46

.93

SE 1

I.M.C.C. Likin,

.18 11

109 41

30.01

113 55

Alice Mary, bk.,..............14 33

111 13

$ 3 SSE 2

Deuteros, str...

.14 11 110 18

188 SSW 3

Chunshan, str., ...

.10 29

102 22

.82 SW 4

Orient, bk.,

8 35

109 54

.90

Phra Nang, str........ 6 54

103 11

Belmont, bk.,

5 30

159 50

.91 NNW 2 k.

E 4 org.

Rohilla, str.,

4 5 105 46

May 2nd.

.93 var. 1 k.

نداننده : محله تله فیلم :

Serrano, bk.,

..16 48

110 10

Catherine Apcar, str.,

15 11

112 58

29.95 ENE

NE 2 NE 6 3

Ayr, str.,

.13 45

112 7

Alice Mary, bk.,

...10 55

109 29

Belmont, bk.,

.10 35

154 25

Chingtu, str.,.

7 55

121 52

.88

.96

NE 4

NE 2 k. E 4 k. SW 2 k.

Memnon, str.,

7 5

116 49

.92 SW 4

Orient, bk.,

6 51

107 42

.88

NE 1

May 6th.

Riojun Maru, str., ...38 53 121 52

29.91

NW 4 C.

Riojun Maru, str.,...38

121 52

29.60

Nanyang, str.,

.27 14 121 13

.88 NW

of.

Guthrie, str.,

.33 6

126 49

.94

Pallas, str.,

.26 26 122 8

.88 SW

In.

Peiyang, str.,

.23 38

117 58

SE 4

.95 SW 1

Chi Yuen,

Ayr, str.,....

.25 12 119 48 .22 43 116 56

.97 var.

Rosetta, str.,

.23 18 117 31

.96 SW 1

.92 var.

cm.

Activ, str.,

.22 6

Sungkiang, str.,

.22 32 115 22

.97 E

Chunshan, str.,

......21 30

113 56 113 22

.97 ESE 3

.96 ENE 3

Frejr, str.,

.21 38

113 28

.93 SSW 3

Chingtu, str.,

.19 30

116 15

.92 SSE

Memnon, str.,

.19 21

115 15

.92

Tasmania, bk.,

18 3

114 15

Deuteros, str.,.

.17 46

111 27

.90

I.M.C.C. Likin,

..17 40 110 15

.95

Phra Nang, str.,..

Orient, bk.,

Rohilla, str.,

Serrano, bk.,.

Deuteros, str.,

Tasmania, bk., .......20 28

.30 14 126 8 .29 15 126 8 .23 14 116 47 .21 12 113 35 .20 47 113 17 114 15

Alice Mary, bk.,..............13 46

Chunshan, str.,

Belmont, bk.,

109 33 10 8 101 57 8 33 105 30 7 55 109 23 7 54 108 14 6 43 159 34

May 3rd.

Riojun Maru, str.,...38 53 Nanyang, str., .......30 46 Ancona, str., Pallas, str., Chi Yuen, str.,

.85 WSW 2 k. .82 var. 1 k. .91 WNW 1 orq. .87 SE 1 0. NE 4

121 52 30.12 NW. 3 122 18 .17. N 4

Ayr, str.,

UA UA TA YA TA

10 10 00 10 10 10 0

I.M.C.C. Likin...

18 5

109 48

.93

NE 2

China, str.......

..17 48

110 56

.90 SSE 2

Zafiro, str.,....

.17 2

118 28

.90 B

Sungkiang, str.,

...16 43

119 39

.87

Serrano, bk.,

.14 44

110 19

Belmont, bk.,

.12 22

151 57

Catherine Apcar, str., ...12

111 8

.90

var.

Marie Berg, bk.,

...11 43

113 31

var.

..10 34

110 12

.11 NNW 4

.18 NNE 4

.01 WSW 1

.02 SSE 2

.02 E 4

Ayr, str.,

.19 49

114 54

1.M.C.C. Likin,

...17 41

.17 41

110 1

Chingtu, str., .....15 47

...

118 42

W 6 .03 var. 1 29.98 S 1 .93 NE 2

Memnon, str.,.......... 15 7

Alice Mary, bk., ....13 47

116 31

.94

0 b.

...13 47

Rohilla, str., .............

Chunshan, str.,.

Belmont, bk.,

Orient, bk.,

109 42 11 51 110 48 .10 58 108 36 8 4 159 85 7 59 109 1

SSE. 1 k. *95

0 k. .94 NE

May 4th..

Riojun Maru, str., ...38

121 52

Empress of Japan, str.....38 44

142 29

Natal, str.,

Pallas, str.,

Rosetta, str.,

Ancona, str.,

Serrano, bk.,

136 58 .32 22 129 51 .30 36 122 24 .26 45 121 34 .19 28 112 42 Catherine Apcar, str., 18 51

.34.50

30.11 WNW 2 b.

.03 N 4 29.93 NW 1 30.18 NNW 4

.31 NE 2 C. .27 NNW 4 k. .14 ENE 6 orq.

5 8 8 6 6 4 6 8 3 SE SE2244

Riojun Maru, str.,...38 53 Orono, str.,

Guthrie, str.,. ..33 54

Alice Mary, bk., Orient, bk., Chingtu, str.,.................. 4 7 123 54

May 7th.

121 51 36 18 141 6 131 8

...10 0

107 59

6 31

107 29

.93 NNE 3

ENE 1 .87 WSW 1

.82 S 2

29.61 S

Kriemhild, str.,

.27 10 .23 29

Riversdale, str.,......33 48 130 7 Peiyang, str.,.

Brindisi, str.,....

Kwanglee, str.,

1.M.C.C. Likin,..............18 Sungkiang, str.,

30.12 var. }

.14 SE 5

.10 var. 29.96 SSE

.88 SW 2 .93 SW 2

14 Belmout, bk......

Serrano, bk.,

China, str.,......

ENE 2 k.

.89 NE 1

Marie Berg, bk., Alice Mary, bk., Catherine Apcar, str., Ayr, str., Orient, bk., Chingtu, str......

121 10 118 8 23 11 117 18 23 2 116 39 1. 110 8 .14 35 120 58 0 149 8 .13 52 110 20 .18 46 109 44 ...12 35 113 14 9 39 106 58 9 2. 109 25 7 33 108 22

.96 SE 1

.91 SSE I

.94 var. 1

E 1 09.

E 2

.89 SW 2

E 2

WSW 1

.89 SE 1 k... .92 SSW 1

.or.

Orono, str.,

5 54 107 23 0 24 125 57

May 8th. 39 35 141 30

.86

.85

1. crq

30.05

Riojun Maru, str.,...38 53 Siam, str.,

121 51

.04 NNE 4

.34 26

134 10

.18 var. 2

Empress of Japan, str.,.33 42 Riversdale, str.,.

132 8

.15 SW 2

.32 · 4

126 58

114 17

I.M.C.C. Likin, ......17 47

109 55

Ayr, str.,........................ .16 43

113 39

.03 ENE 4 .00 NE 2 .03 NE 5 C.

oq.

Natal, str.,......

.31 38

122.54

29.99

.00 SE 4 SW 4

Pallas, str.,...

.30 55

Kwanglee, str., ......26

120 25 29.98

Yuensang, str.,.

.16.12

118 49

29.86 NNE

...

Brindisi, str.,.

.25 33

120 58

Rohilla, str.,

.15 27

113 11

Chunshan, str., ......15 ...

110 24

.94 NE 4 30.01 NNE 5

Kriemhild, str....

.25 28

Rohilla, str.,.

Alice Mary, bk............

12 48

Chingtu, str.,

Memnon, str.,

Belmont, bk., Orient, bk.,

Riojun Maru, str., Siau, str., Guthrie, str., Rosetta, str., Ancona, str.,

109 49 .12 7 120 59 .10 58 117 49 9 34 157 8 7 45 108 37

May 5th. ...38 53 121 52 33 31 136 4 .81 7 122 2 .26 22 120 42 .23 18 117 30

N 2 org. 29.85 ESE 4

.89 ENE 2 ptl. ESE 2 k. .89 NE 1 0.

Fidelio, str.,.

Sishan, str.,

121 56 24 4 118 33 .21 39 113 40 .20 56 115 6

127 30 30.10 SE 2

SE 2 .94 SE 3 .86

SE 2 or.

.88 ENE I .89 SSE 1 .90 var.

Devawongse, str.,...20 40 114 23

.93 SW 2

Frejr. str.,

J.M.C.C. Likin,

..20 33 .18 9

Belmout, bk.,

15 9

111 23 110 27 146 52

.88 .93

E 1

SE 1

ENE 2

29.82 SSE 7 30.16 NE 3

.02 S 6 0. .11 ENE 3 .11 NE 4

Alcedo, sh.,

14 41

111 40

var. 3

Sungkiang, str.,........... 14 34

120 58

.81

var. 1

Serrano, bk., ..... 13 37

110 22

CV.

Marie Berg, bk., ...13

113 23

Alice Mary, bk., 9

106 36

NW 1

....

فقد قد فدن من لدن فر شدن دو د دندون : نه دنده دندان ن ن فن فن و ه : نه

ند قرن من چندن نندن غده و ده ه : عند قد شدن قد قرن من أن تمدن ن ن ل

cm.

orq.

cp..

526

MAY, 1895.

May 8th.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

May 11th. Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

íns.

0-12

ins.

0-12

Pakshan, str.,

Catherine Apcar, str., 6

8° 24′

104° 54′

107 26

Orient, bk.,

Ayr, str.,

Orono, str.,

4.59

107 8

4 21

106 28

29.93 NW 3 C. .89 WSW 1 0. .87 S var. oq. .91 SW 2

I.M.C.C. Likin,

17° 55′

109° 45′ 29.93 NE 2 C.

Yuensang, str., ......17 44

117 37

.81

Pakshan, str.,

.16 55

111 12

.91 NNE 4

Sungkiang, str.,..

14 34

120 58

.74 E 4 or.

May 9th.

Marie Berg, bk., ...14 16

116

N 6 orq.

140 45

30.01

Riojun Maru, str, ...38

121 52

SW 2 .08 S 1

Esmeralda, str.,

.14 10

119 45

..69

SE 3 org.

Alcedo, sh.,

13 59

113 24

N 4 0.

Kaisar-i-Hind, str., .34

138 45

.12 SW 2

Serrano, bk.,

12 13 110 8

E 2 k.

Siam, str.,

.33 58

130 55

.12

SW 2

Fidelio, str.,

.12

109 22

.86 SSE 1

Kwanglee, str.,

......30 4

122 36

.00

Shantung, str.,

11 36

109 19

.88 var. 1

Riversdale, str.,

.29 57

124 77

var. 3

Sishan, str., ...........

.11 7

108 41

Pallas, str.,

.28 10

123 42

SE 1

Devawongse, str., ...10 12

108 28

.86 SW 1 .84 WSW 4

Rohilla, str.,

Kriemhild, str.,

Brindisi, str.,

.27 39 121 35 .27 18 126 3 .27 12 125 5

29.88

N 2

Fort Stuart, sh., 9 33

143 17

.88

ESE 3

.C.

Specialist, str.,

8 20

108 45

.93 var. 3

or.

Alice Mary, bk...... 8 11

8 11

104 58

Lyeemoon, str.,

.23 31 117 47

.89. E

Ingraban, str.,

8 8

108 10

...

Esmeralda, str.,

.21 15 115 1

.89

Arratoon Apear, str., 4 15

105 55

var. 1

.82 WSW 2

SW orq. WSW 4 .88 var. 2

op.

Shantung, str.,

.19 4

111 58

.89

1 k.

May 12th.

Fidelio, str.,

18 34

111 31

.82

Riojun Maru, str.,...33 53

121 52

29.76

I.M.C.C. Lakin,

.18 0

110 14

.90 S

Belgie, str.,

27 42

122 48

.96

SSE 4 ENE 3

Sishan, str.........

.17 50 112 0

.85 var. 1

Salazie, str.,

27 41

121 28

30.02 S I b.

Devawongse, str., ...17 29

111 13

.82 SSE 3

Siam, str.,

..26 9

120 38

.00 N 4 k.

Belmont, bk.,

.16 26

Sungkiang, str.,

144 36 .14 34 120 58

ENE 2 77 NE 2 C.

Ancona, str., ................... .25 57 Hohenzollern, str., .25 56

121 529.94 NE/E 5 k.

122 17

Alcedo, sh.,.

.14 22 111 58

Marie Berg, bk........13 42

113 24

Serrano, bk., r .13 9 Pakshan, str.,

110 30

Empress of Japan, str.,.25 54 Nanyang, str., ......24 18

120 18

.96 ENE 5 k. .98 NNE 6 k.

118 42

.97 NE

4 cm.

Riversdale, str.,......22 52

116 48

.90 NE 5 m.

.10 9

108 2

.88 NW 3

Frejr, str.,

.21 53

113 38

.92 NE

2 b.

Alice Mary, bk........ 8 14

105 58

Belmont, bk.,

.20 28

138 48

...

Ingraban, str.,

3 4

104 57

Pakshan, str., .......19 19

.19 19

112 28

.90

NE 5

Catherine Apcar, str.,

3 3

.91

I.M.C.C. Likin,

.18 12

109 33

.91

NW 1 C.

May 10th.

Asloun, str., ........... .15 39

110 5

Oorno, str.,

41 15 140 45

29.98 ESE 1

Holstein, str.,

15 35

110 31

vår. var. or. var. 4 org.

Riojun Maru, str., ...38 53

121 52

.96 WNW 4

Propontis, str., ..............15

112 44

Siam, str.,

.......32 24

127 22

Empress of Japan, str.,...31 24

123 54

Kwanglee, str., ......31

Rohilla, str.,

Kriemhild, str.,

Brindisi, str., Riversdale, str., Lyeemoon, str., Pallas, str., Deuteros, str., Yuensang, str., I.M.C.C. Likin, Belmont, bk., Esmeralda, str.,

3 .30 50 122 17 129 37 29 0 129 19 ......27 31 121 33 .27 10 121 0 .25 37 120 5 .21 53 114 12 .20 54 115 25 18 11 110 13 .17 47 142 20 .17 30 118 0

122 9

..80 3

.86 SW 4 30.03 N 6 .04 N 5

q. 29.91 NW 5 0.

.86 SSE 4 cmg. .93 SSE 4 C. .92 NE 4 .91 NE 4 .96 NNE 2 k. .91 NE 2 0. .89 ENE .91 SE i C. k.

or.

Yuensang, str., ......15

119 58

.66

Deuteros, str.,

.14 46

110 16

Sungkiang, str.,......14 34 Marie Berg, bk., ...14 21 Alcedo, sh.,

120 58

116 41

Specialist, str.,

14 12 .11 5

114 47

Serrano, bk.,

.11 4

110 26 110 14

Ingraban, str., ......10 48

109 1

Fort Stuart, sh., ....10 37

141 55

Cassius, str., .............

Chowfa, str.,

Memnon, str.,

10 13 8 50 8 40

107 20

ENE 4

Shantung, str.,

Fidelio, str.,

Sungkiang, str.,

Sishan, str.,..

Alcedo, sh......

Marie Berg, bk.,......14

Devawongse, str., ...13 42

.15 19 110 10 15 18 109 56 14 35 120 58 .14 20 110 11 1 114 3 13 57 112 2

.74 E .84 SSE 2 .89 SE .78 SW

.83 var.

N 2 0.

1 00 02 m - mal

Shantung, str.,

106 23 118 11 107 25

3 k.

A. Mary, bk.,..

7 45

104 34

Arratoon Apcar, str., 7 30 Devawongse, str.,... 6 25 Aglaia, str.,

108 43

106 9

1 57 106 24

May 13th.

ಪಾರ್ತ : : : : : : : ಪ

.86 NNE 2

...

or.

.83 NE 3

.71 E

NNW 5

or.

.82

var. 5 opq. 2 N

3 C.

SSE 3 0

.81 NW 3. P. .82 var. 1 cm.

.86 SW. 1

orq.

.86 N

2 C.

.85

4 orq.

.85

1 k.

var.

109 38

Pakshan, str.,

13 27 109 52

.86

1 SSE 3 k.

var. 1

Riojun Maru, str.....38 53 Kaisar-i-Hind, str.,.31 39 Belgic, str.,.... ...31 14 Ancona, str.,

121 52 29.82

SE 3 b.

124 44

.93

127 81

.92

..29 16

125 16

SE 2 .90. E

Serrano, bk.,

12 57

110 20

0 k.

Hohenzollern, str.,.28 13

.127 38

.94 ESE 4

Fort Stuart, sh.,...

9 0

143 17

var.

Salazie, str.,

.23 30

117 49

.82 N 2

Alice Mary, bk................

105 31

SW 2? q.

Siam, str.,

.23 10

117 19

.94 NE 3

Specialist, str.,

5 57 107 5

...

Ingraban, str.,

5 42 106 20

May 11th.

Riojun Maru, str., ...38 53

Kaisar-i-Hind, str., .33 47 131 45

Kriemhild, str., .32 9 133 37

Brindisi, str.,

Lyeemoon, str., ......30 49

121 52

0 0. NNW 2

29.88 WSW 4

Empress of Japan, str., .22 18

114 45

.87

SE 2

Nanyang, str.,.22 18

22 18

114 40

.83

var. 1 bm.

Belmont, bk.,.........21 35 137 10

SE 2 k.

Holstein, str.,..

.18 41

111 42

NNE 2 C.

.95 WNW 3

Rio,str.,

.18 24 111 28

.83

..81 42

Siam, str.,

Nanyang, str.,. Riversdale, str., Belgic, str.,

Hohenzollern, str.,

133 0 122 16 29 11 123 46

....

.27 34 121 34

Ancona, str., Pallas, str., Asloun, str.,

Belmont, bk.,

.24 50 119 21 .24 43 119 3 .24 10

24 10 118 34 23 48 117 51 .22 61 116 30 .19 19 112 20 ....19 18 140 15

Propontis, str., ......18 52 113 40 Deuteros, str., .......18 31 111 39

93 SSW 3 oq. .95 N 5 C. 30.14

0 b. .18 NW 4 k. .11 NNE 4 .04 NE 7 29.96 NE 6 30.00 NE 6 29 99 NE 8

.96 NE

I.M.C.C. Likin,.

.18 12 109 33 14 55 114 3

.81

E 1 0.

Cassins, str.,

Fort Stuart, sh.,

Chowfa, str.,

...

38888888

.89

.90

EEN

.77 N 1 .77

k. 5

SSE 3 og.

.76 var.

Asloun, str.,

Propontis, str.,

.83 SSW 1

Deuteros, str., ......11 12 Arratoon Apcar, str., 11 6 Serrano, bk.,.........10 57

NW 2

110 43

.79

110

1 k.

sên l

Alcedo, sh., Marie Berg, bk., ...14 41 117 22 Sungkiang, str.,......14 34 120 58 Ingraban, str., .13 45 109 38 Specialist, str.,

.13 30 111 40 .12 23 109 37 ...12 12

..12 12 140 18 .11 51 109 18 .11 38 109 18 .11 13 110 42 108 56

NW 6 orq.

.68 WNW 6

NNE 5

NE 3 C.

TIQ OH

MAY, 1895.

527

May 13th.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. Bar. East.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

ins.

Dir. For. ther.

0-12

Lat. North.

May 16th. Long.

Bar.

East.

ins.

Memnon, str.,.

8° 31'

119° 16′

Aglaia, str.,.....

8 23

108 35

Alice Mary, bk.,......

7 21

103 48

Shantung, str.,

4 9

105 50

Devawongse, str., 3 14 105 8

.82

29.78 WSW 4 clt.

.80 W 3 k.

W/S 5 orq. .86 SSW 2 k. SW 4 k.

Marie Berg, bk., ...16° 1' Sungkiang, str.,......14 34 Phra Nang, str., 9 10 Serrano, bk., Devawongse, str.,... 4

118° 29′

120 58

29.83

103 28

6 54

110 22

Wind. Dir. For. ther.

0-12

ENE 1. k.

var. 1 C.

.86 S 1 k. SW 3 kp.

Wea-

104 3

.85 var. 1

May 14th.

May 17th.

Riojun Maru, str., ...38

121 52

Ancona, str.,

32 40

129 46

29.88 SE 3 .98 ENE 1

Riojun Maru, str.,...38 53

121 52

29.63 WNW 4

Ancona, str.,

.34 39 139 0

.73 ENE 1

Kwanglee, str., .....31 17

121 46

.96 SE 1 ť.

Belgic, str.,

.34 25

138 32

.47 SE 3 C.

Hohenzollern, str.,...30 55

.30 55

132 33

30.02

ESE 3 og.

Glenogle, str.,

.32 24

127 10

.67 SW 4 0.

Glenogle, str.,..........

23 32

117 45

29.87

NE 2 k.

Guthrie, str.,

.29 16

123 24

.74 NE 5 0.

Belmont, bk.,

22 57

Holstein, str.,

Cassius, str.,

Specialist, str.,

Chowfa, str.,

Marie Berg, bk........15 20

I.M.C.C. Likin, Ingraban, str.,

.21 33 113 33 .18 12 109 33 .16 13 110 46 15 54 111 0 .15 49 112 54 .15 48 110 33

SSE 4 or. NE 2 C. .81 SSE 2 C.

.78 NE 2

NE 2 orq. NE 4

.80 NNE 2 k. NW 5

135 8

Glenfarg, str.,

.28 3

121 49

.74 NNE 5 omp.

Pallas, str., Chi Yuen, str., Kwanglee, str., Peiyang, str.,...

.26 40

121 57

.26

9 .25 58 119 55 .25 49

120 26

120 22

Lyeemoon, str.,

.25 13

119 52

.75 SE 2 k. .77 SW 3 0. .82 SSW 2 0. .73 SSW .75 SW 3

Triumph, str.,

.23 58

118 30

SW 4 k.

117 43

Alcedo, sh.,

.15 2

114 32

Fort Stuart, sh.,

.15 2

138 0

Amigo, str.,..

.14 58

110 13 .76

Sungkiang, str.,

Rio, str..

Arratoon Apcar, str., 14 15

109 54 .777

112 28 .80

14 34 120 58 .74 14 33

Memnon, str.,

.12 9

119 31 .78

Aglaia, str.,....

.11 37

Serrano, bk.,

110 42 9 28 109 42

Deuteros, str.,...........

8 38

105 58

Propontis, str.,

7 48

108 33

IR CANONG 20

Ask, str.,

21 55

113 45

.81

SW 1

var. 3 k.

Frejr, str.,

.20 35

111 28

.77

ESE

4 k.

I.M.C.C. Likin,..

.18 18

110 33

.81

SE i

Chunshan, str.,

..18 1

114 28

.78

W 4 C.

Marie Berg, bk., ...16 39

118 42

E 1

Machew, str.,.• • •

15 58110 33

.81

SSE 3

var. 1

or.

Sungkiang, str., ....14 34 Strathavon, str., ....12 35

120 58

.78 ESE 2

109 27

oq.

Phra Nang, str.,

ᏚᎳ

oq.

Fidelio, str.,

.80 W 5

Serrano, bk.,

Alice Mary, bk........ 6 50 103 27

.84 SW 6 org.

WSW

May 15th.

Riojun Maru, str., ...38

Guthrie, str.,

53 .33 55

121 52 131 4

29.80 ESE 4

Ancona, str.,

Kwanglee, str.,

Glenogle, str.,. Belmont, bk., Glenfarg, str., Strathavon, str.,

Chowfa, str.,

Cassins, str.,

Ingraban, str.,

Specialist, str.,

Amigo, str.,..

Hohenzollern, str.,...33 52 137 56

.33 46131 54 .31 17 121 46 26 7 120 50 24 19 133 23 22 26 115 11 .19 32 112 18 .19 27 112 29 .19 13 111 34 .18 54 111 58 .18 52 113 43 .18 24 111 1

.07 var. 1 29.94 SE 2 .88 NNE 2

.99 NW 3 30.10... 0 of.

: 31:

Riojun Maru, str.,...38 53 Hohenzollern, str., .34 32 Kaisar-i-Hind, str.,.30 24 Chi Yuen, str., ....29 10

9 22 106 51 7 31 107 3 6 26 110 32

May 18th.

121 52

.76 SE 1 k. .83 WNW 3 .88 SW 1

SW 1

29.79 WNW 3

138 39

.44 WSW 5

122 34

.91 NW 2

122 5

94 WSW 2

Pallas, str.,

29 5

125 59

.95

N 4

Belmont, bk.,.........27 19

129 56

N 6

or.

Triumph, str.,

..25 58

120 30

NE 6

Guthrie, str.,

.25 52

120 25

.84 NE 5

SE 2

Kwanglee, str., ......23 54

118 0

.94 NE 6

Or.

.85 ENE 2 .83 SÉ. 2 .84 NE 1 .82 ENE 5 NE 2 .83 NE 2 .80 E

Lyeemoon, str.,......22 35

.22 35

115 51

.86 NNE 6

Peiyang, str.,.

.22 25

116 56

.92 NE 5

Activ, str.,................

.21 38

113 23

.83 SSE 2

Ask, str.,

.20 14

110 46

.78 SSE 3

...

I.M.C.C. Likin, ......18 7

110 14

.85 ENE 1

Arratoon Apcar, str.,.18

113 40

Marie Berg, bk.,..

.15 40

118 22

Memnon, str.,

.15 34 118 0

.78

.84 NE 3 NE }

1 op.

Alcedo,.sh.,

Aglaia, str.,....

Sungkiang, str.,

15 6 114 40 ....14 50 112 36 .14 34 120 58 .10 50 108 30 9 45 102 51

.78

Peiyang, str.,

Lyeemoon, str.,

.33 18 126 49 .29 31 124 5 29 18 122 33 .28 55 122 26

Rio, str., Deuteros, str.,.. Alice Mary, bk.,. Propontis, str., ....

.80 E .83 W .78 SW 2 k. WNW 5 NW 1 .84 SW 4 k.

8 27 102 53 4 34 106 39

May 16th. 53 "121 52 29.85 .34.40 135 12

SSE 2 .80 W 1

33 40 135 15 .95 SSE 2

Riojun Maru, str., ...38 Belgic, str...... Brindisi, str., Guthrie, str., Glenogle, str.,.

or.

I.M.C.C. Likin,......18 18 Marie Berg, bk., ...17 21 Sungkiang, str.,.....14 35 Chunshan, str., ................14 30 Devawongse, str., ...12 15 Phra Nang, str., ..12 6 Machew, str.,.........................12 5 Kong Beng, str., 8 21 105 10 Serrano, bk.,

5 26 110 22

May 19th.

110 18

.81 S 1

or.

119 5

ESE 1

120 59 112 18

.78 W 2

101 7

.78 S 4 0. .73

109 22

.81

W 4 ESE 1

109 23

.81

.75

...

....

WSW 3 k.

•

8232

.79 SE 3 .86 ENE 2

2 3 3 3 3

....

Riojun Maru, str.,...38 53 Palląs, str.,................................32 20 Triumph, str., ...28

.28 6 Belmont, bk., ....................27 30 Kaisar-i-Hind, str.,.26 7 Guthrie, str.,.........22 56 Omba, str.,..... .22 55 117 Ask, str.,

..20 23 108 35 Activ, str.,..................... ..20 10 110 25

121 62 129 57

29.86 SW 2 30.05

N 4 0.

123 20

129 10

120 30

116 50

.03 29.94 .99 .77 SE 2 .84

NE 2

NE 5 0.

NE 7 0.

.86

...

.81

Kwanglee, str.,

Belmont, bk., Glenfarg, str.,.. Pallas, str., Specialist, str., Chunshan, str., Ingraban, str.,... Amigo, str.,... Machew, str.,

Memnon, str.,

Aglaia, str.,..........

..18 40

.28 24 121 46 24 56 132 20 24 30 119 11 .23 27 117 50 ..22 6 113 55 ..21 45 116 30 21 21 113 38 .21 25 113 3 19 27 112 28 19 2 116 30 113 44

.86

0 cm. var. 1 m. SE 2 b. SE 2

.81 NE 4 bm. .SO NE 3 .83 .83 NW 3

SE 1. NNE... k.

.81 .81 var. 1 .83

ن مه نده نه محله له

0. Marie Berg, bk., ...18 28 Zafiro, str..............16 16 Phra Nang, str., ...15 54 Esineralda, str. .15 30 Sangkiang, str.,.... 14 35 Sishan, str.,

11 56 Chunshan, str., ......11 48 Kong Beng, str., ...10 38 Machew, str.,..

119

SSE 5 ort. EN 6

119 0 110 32 119 30 120 59 107 17 109 19 108 24 8 53 106 29

.88 NE 3

.85 ESE 2

.89

.84 NW 2 .83

.72 SSW 3 k. .80

.85

var. 1 k. SW4

Serrano, bk.,

4 47 110 40

SSA SA ZA S

Riojun Maru, str.,...38

May 20th. 53

I.M.C.C. Likin, ......18 21

110 29

.85

S 1 c.

Strathavon, str., ....16 21

110 17

.71

نحن

Belgic, str., ...... .37 5 Glenogle, str., ......33 51 132 26 Triumph, str., ......30 24 · 126 36 SE 2 k. Belmont, bk...........27 58 127 30

121 52 145 24

29.85

30.16

.10 .08 SSE 3 SE 5

0 0.

or.

528

MAY, 1895.

May 20th.

Vessel.

Lat.

North.

Long. Bar. East.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Lat.

ins.

Dir. For. ther.

0-12

North.

May 24th. Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther..

ing.

0-12

Omba, str.,

..25° 16'

120° 5' 29.90 NE 2 C.

Marie Berg, bk.,

...22° 47′

118° 55′

SE 2 0.

Marie Berg, bk.,......19 50

Zafiro, str.,

19 34

119 0 116 26

SE/E 5

Activ, str.,.

.21 59

113 43

.93

NE 2 pq.

Zafiro, str.,...

.21 20

115 ...

29.86 .85

ENE 6 SSE 6

Phra Nang, str., ..............19 12

112 9

.86

S 3

Hanoi, str.,.

.20 10

107 50

or.

W 3 ol.

Sishan, str.,...

.15 41

110 49

.87

SW 3

Sungkiang, str., ..............14

120 59

.87

1 C.

Kong Beng, str.,......14 16

110 15

.82 S

Machew, str.,

9 38

Chunshan, str.,

Serrano, bk.,

102 50 8 25 106 48 4 12 110 35

May 21st.

.83

.90 WSW 3

ESE 1

2 SÄÄ 28

Sungkiang, str.,.....19 30

.19 30

116 30

.91 WNW 4

Belgic, str.,.

.........39 28

151 22

Riojun Maru, str., ...38

Hohenzollern, str.,

121 52

29.99 30.00 WSW 3

S 4

Memnon, str.,.........19 19 Asloun str., Arratoon Apcar, str., 18 50 I.M.C.C. Likin, .17 55 Kaisar-i-Hind, str.,.17 47 Yuensang, str., ...16 17 Pakshan, str.,

114 47

.90 var. 1

19 17

112 3

NW 2

113 34

.90 SW

110 11

113 26

118 1

.81 W 2 C.

.87

W 3 orq.

.90 NW 2 C.

ن::فة

Bisaguo, str.,

......13 31 13 21

111 53

.86 SSW 4

111 58

ENE 1

.33 42

132 8

29.81

W 3

Ernest Simons, str., 10′ 33

107 50

.90 SE 2

Belmont, bk.,

29 31

125 33

NE. 5

or.

Fidelio, str..

9 2

106 51

.94 S 1

Omba, str.,

.27 9

124 3

.80

NE 6 0.

Chelydra, str.,

8 44

108 35

.91 SW 2

Pakshan, str.,

22 20

116 43

.86

SW 3

Glenesk, str.,

7 58

108 31

SSW 3

3 3 2 3 8 3 3

Frejr, str.,

..21 43 113 27

.81

SSE 2

May 25th.

Marie Berg, bk.,

...20 16

119 33

S 1

Sishan, str.,..........

.18 59

112 32

.85

SSE 2

I.M.C.C. Likiu,

....18 55

110 41

.81

SSW 2

Kong Beng, str........18

111 15

.82

S 3

Sungkiang, str.,

.14 34

120 58

.86 NW 3

Machew, str.,

12 55

100 44

SW 4

China, str.,

109 23

.84 E 2

Ernest Simons, str.,. 5 5

105 38

.93

Chunshan, str.,

4.30

105 30

.89

Bisagno, str.,

3 27 105 30

Serrano, bk.,

3 1 110 10

S 2

POPE TO A COCO TO NO H

Triumph, str., ......40

131 32

Empress of Chiua, str.,.40

145 56

Riojun Maru, str.,...38 53 Ancoua, str.,

121 52

30.04 WI 2 k.

.11 WNW 4 b. 29.83 SSE 3 0.

.35 9

139 41

30.18 var. 1 k.

0 k.

May 22nd.

Omba, str.,................ .33 10 Empress of Japan, str...29 51 Pallas, str.,.................. .28 10 Kweiyang, str.,......26 47 Choy Sang, str., ...24 35 Hohenzollern, str.,...23 9 Marie Berg, bk., ...22 47 Verona, str.,

134 27

.14 NE 3 b.

122 363

.78 NE 2 om.

123 56 120 17 118 54 117 16

.81

SW 3

.77

var. 1

.77 var.

.79 SW

118 55

..22 25

115 7

.84 NW 3

Belgic, str.,.

41 23

157 38 29.34

SE 3

Omba, str.,

Riojun Maru, str., ...38 53 121 52

Nanyang, str.,. .24 2

.98 W

.28 26

126 41

118 33

Kong Beng, str.,......21 33

113 24

ད

Marie Berg, bk.,..

.20 37

120 1

Frejr, str.,

.20 10

110 25

Activ, str.,

.20 8

110 12

.92 NE .83 NE

4 ogr. .81 SSW 3 S 1 .75

0 .79 SSE 1

326

of.

Ask, str.,

.20 23

111 9

.82

Yuensang, str.,

.20 16

115 50

.83

Pakshan, str.,

.19 23

114 54

.85 SSW 2

I.M.C.C. Likin.......18 12 Zafiro, str........ .17 46 Bisagno, str.,.........16 58 Ernest Simons, str., 15 30 Memnon, str.,.........15 28 Arratoon Apcar, str., 14 39 Chelydra, str., .12 53

109 33

.78

117 37

.87 SSW 5

113 14

var.

110 31

.81 SE

116 30

.90 SSW 1

1.M.C.C. Likin, China, str., ...........

Sungkiang, str.,

.19

110 42

.84 SSW 2

15 59

110.22

.82 SSE 3

Glenesk, str.,................ .11 29 Pakshan, str.,.

10 27

.14 35

Asloun, str.,

Bisagno, str.,

Serrano, bk.,

12 6

120 59 109 28 6 47 107 45 2 57 111 10

.84 NW 1 C.

Rio, str.,.....

SE 2 k. NW 2

Deuteros, str.,

Chunshan, str.,

112 51 109 35 111 1 110 20 10 15 107 10 8 22 104 46 4 32 105 36

.85 .80

.88 SW 6

.84 SW 2 .92

SW 4

co co am - 222-OHONH

2 opq.

.91 S 3

6AAA 4 6 ¦ 6 SAS SÅ SÅ FÅ ö miel

May 26th.

May 23rd.

Orono, str.,.......

41 23

Glenogle, str.,.........33 54

Riojun Maru, str., ...38 53 121 52

Hohenzollern, str., ...30 4 Omba, str., Nanyang, str., .....26 8 Kweiyang, str., ......23 54 Marie Berg, bk........21 34 Frejr, str., Activ, str.,

29.90

3 b.

Riojun Maru, str.,...36 13

140 32 124 30

30.01 SE 29.85 S

137 2

30.12

Empress of China, str.,.

35 15

140 32

126 17

.05 NW 3

or.

Omba, str.,.

34 35

139 0

.29 11

Ask, str.,

China, str.,

I.M.C.C. Likin,

110 42

128 18 .01 NE 6 orq. 120 28

.00 NNE 6 ogr. 117 34 29.92 NE 9 120 38 .21 20 109 6. .20 33 111 14 .20 10 110 0 .19 18 112 14 ...19 1

Ancona, str.,

34 17

134 59

:11 SSW 3 .16 ENE 4 C. .95 NNE 2

or.

Kriemhild, str.,

32 18

133 1

.77 ESE 7 or.

or.

Empress of Japan, str...

31 21

121 39

.89 var. 2 0.

NW 1 .86 N 4 84 NW 1 .89 NNW 5

Natal, str..........

.28

Pallas, str.,.

Verona, str.,

.25 35 24 32

119 32 120 28 119 36

.81 NE 1 0.

.81 .82

SW 3

NE 2

Marie Berg, bk., ...23 38

119 O

.82 SW 3

Kwanglee, str., ..............23 17

117 27

.79 W

.87 S 1

Ernest Simons, str., 20 57

111 11

.77 SE

Pakshan, str., .......................16 18

113 31

.86 SSW 4

Bisagno, str......... 20 50

114 19

.76 NNE 2

or.

Sungkiang, str.,

Asloun, str., ......

.16 15 ....15 55 110 36

118 58

.92 WNW 3

cp.

Frejr, str.,

.20 31

111 21

.71 SE 2

I.M.C.C. Likin,...

.18 40

110 28

Yuensang, str.,

Bisagno, str.,

Fidelio, str.,

Glenesk, str., Serrano, bk.,

Chelydra, str.,.............

120 31 109 53 5 21 105 47 5 16 106 56 4 25 106 13 2 47 111 12

Riojuu Maru, str., ...38

Triumph, str., ....

May 24th.

.14 22 .10 0

.91 W 2

Chelydra, str.,

.177

110 51

76 WSW 4 .75 S 2 k.

SW 1 .92 SSW 1 .91

Glenesk, str.,

.15 12

112 56

SSW 4

Zafiro, str.,....

14 25

120 34

.90 SW

cp.

SW 2 var. 3 S 1

Rio, str.,.......

.13 14

109 42

.79 W

.36 47

Pallas, str.,

.30 41

Omba, str.,

.30 9

Nanyang, str. ... ... ... ... ...

..29 27

Machew, str.,

.27 52

121 52 29.91 SW 3 b. 130 55

WNW 3 k. 127 29 30.11 SE 2 k. 131 21

.16 E 6 b. 122 23 .01 NE 3 C. 121 29 .02 var. 1 oir. Hohenzollern, str., ...26 50 121 33 29.98 NW 3 ogr. Empress of Japan, str., .25 0 119 36 .94 NNE 7 Kweiyang, str., ......24 27 118 27 .90 NE 6 Haitan, str.,....

22 56 111 28

.90 ENE 5 omp.

Strathavon, str., ...11 33 Ariatoon Apcar, str., 11 31 Memnon, str.,................. 11 20 Deuteros, str., ......10 6 Kaisar-i-Hind, str., 9 18 Chunshan, str., 8 35 Pakshan, str.,......... 7 38

109 9

.77 SE 2

110 51

.88 SW

117 33

.94 WSW 4 org.

107 56

.90 SSW 4 m.

oľ.

or.

Orono, str.,.... .39 16 Riojun Maru, str.,...34 1 Empress of Japan, str... 31 36 Kriemhild, str., .30.57 Verona, str.,.

28 5

109 41 106 39 108 26 May 27th.

142 8 127 32 124 46 130 41 123 31

.90 SW 4 k.

.92 W 4 k. .89 WSW 5

29.98 SSE 2

.95 .89 NE

0 0.

.79 E 6 or.

.86 NE 4 0.

}

MAY, 1895.

529

May 27th.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. Bar. East.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North:

May 29th. Long.

Bar.

East.

ins.

0-12

ins.

Wind.

Dir. For. ther.

0 12

Wea-

Kwanglee, str.,

· 26° 311⁄2′ 120° 34′ 29.83

Marie Berg, bk.,......24 29 119 11

NE 3 b.

or.

Empress of China, str.,.33° 45′ Nauyang, str., ...............33 22

132° 0′ 29.89

0 b.

127 41

.87

SW 1 C.

Natal, str.,

23 44

115 44

.81

N 1

or.

Pallas, str.,

..23 3

117 4

.81

Ernest Simous, str.,.28 48 Kriemhild, str.,

122 10

.90

NE 2 om.

27 31

122 33

.81 NE 4 or.

Activ, str.,

.21 39

113 30

.72

Marie Berg, bk., ........24 28

119 38

...

Chelydra, str.,.........20 47

113 15

.69 SE 3

Frejr, str.,

..21 43

113 30

NNE 4 0.

.78 E 2

Glenesk, str.,

19 16 114 10

SW 3

Strathavon, str.,

....20 54

113 12

var. 1

or.

I.M.C.C. Likin,

...17 54

110 9

.71

Rio, str.,

.17 13

111 8

.66 SW 1. k.

Strathavon, str., .15 5

109 21

.68

Deuteros, str.,

13 7

110 1

.76 S

3111

Deuteros, str., ....

.19 54

112 31

7.4

W 2

I.M.C.C. Likin,..

.17 45

110 23

NE 2 0.

Fidelio, str.,

12 58

109 20

***

SW 1

.....

Pekin, str.............

111 36

.89 SW 4

Arratoon Apcar, str., 8 34

109 15

.88 SW

Arratoon Apear, str.,

2 58

105 22

Memnou, str.,

7 42

116 47

Kaisar-i-Hind, str..... 5 30

107 2

Pakshan, str.,

Pekin, str.,

Orono, str..

.36

4 49 106 35 4 10 106 0

May 28th. 36 141 8

.92 SSW 4 .91 SW 4 C. .89 WSW 6 .93 SW 3

May 30th.

Omba, str.,.

.38

141 51

29.96

.86 SW

k. k.

Empress of Japan, str.,.34

135 0

Verona, str.,

33 48

132 8

Rubens, str.,

.......31 23

121 36

.92 SW .80 ENE 2

3422

29.73

Verona, str.,

Empress of China, str., .34 Riojun Maru, str., ...33

Nanyang, str.,.....................31 12

135 2

.89

57.

130 55

.31 17

127 82

.90 NW 2

Kwanglee, str.,

.30 9

122 58 122 365

.96

Kriemhild, str.,

..29 27

126 38

.89

NOON✪ ∞ co

E 2

og. 0 b.

0 b.

Marie Berg, bk., ....24 49 Kriemhild, str., .24 43 Sungkiang, str.,......21 19 Ask, str.,

119 34

NE 1 C.

3 3 8 8 8

119 12

.78 NW 2 ogr.

115 2

.84 SE 4 op.

.20 18

111 4

og..

I.M.C.C. Likin,.. .17 58

110 8

.79

Pekiu, str.,...............

..16 50

113 42

Fidelio, str.,

....................15 44

109 45

.82

.74 SSW 1

SW 2 ep.

.87 var. 3 0.

SE 1 0.

Marie Berg, bk.,

.24 39

119 25

NE 8? ord.

May 31st.

Ernest Simons, str.,

.24 17

118 20

.86 NE 4 orq.

Omba, str.,...

.41 41

140 58

var.

Rio, str.,

.20 35

113 7

.69 S

Verona, str.,

.34 40

135 11

29.87

Activ, str.,

.20 12

110 32

.74 NW 5 oq.

Strathavon, str.,

18 li

11 18

Riojun Maru, str.,...34 22 Empress of China, str...31

132 27

124 55

.87 N .90 NNW 2

I.M.C.C. Likin, .......

.17 44

110 9

.76 NW 2

Rubens, str.,

.28

121 38

Deuteros, str.,

Fidelio, str.,..

Pekin, str., Arratoon Apear, str.,. 5

16 50 110 54 .10 18 107 0 8 13 108 51 38 117 16 May 29th.

1 132 45 58 180 55 .33 50 131 30

Empress of Japan, str., .34 Riojun Maru, str., ...33 Ancona, str.,

.74

Marie Berg, bk.,

.25 8

120 16

NNE 2 k. NNE var. opq.

3012 O

.78

NE 2 ortal.

Pekin, str.,....

.21 46

114 16

.83

SW 4 0.

.84 NW 4 k. .87 SW

Frejr, str.,

.21 28

109 3

W 1 q.

Ask, str.,

.20 40

107 20

.71

Activ, str.,

.20 6

110 7

.80

var. 1

29.92 var. 1

Fidelio, str.,

18 43

111 41

.90 NE 1 .78

I.M.C.C. Likin,

17 54

SE 2

Sungkiang, str.,......17 47

118

110 25 2

.84 SW .81 S .88

$ $ 32

JUNE, 1895.

June 1st.

June 2nd.

Omba, str.,

43° 11' 141° 5′ 30.23 E 2

Empress of Japan, str.,...35 30 141 8 29.95 Gaelic, str.,................................34 59 140 13

.95

Verona, str..............33 59

135 1

NE 6 NE 3 .95 N

or. k.

Marquis of Becqueham, str., .31

132 10

.89 W

Rohilla, str.,

.30 43

122 52

.86

Empress of China, str.,.27° Rohilla, str., .........26 39 Marie Berg, bk., ...26 7 Pallas, str.,................................26 7 Sam Skolfield, sh,, .24 59 Ancona, str.,

121° 22′ 29.81

121 0

.79

120 55

121 25

.84

2 k.

120 50

23 35

117 51

Tellus, str.,.

Ancona, str., .....

29 6 26 51 122 1

124 18

SE 1

Lawang, str.,

..23 28

117 27

.81 var. 2 ofr. .79

0 k.

.78 NE 2 ol.

.88

NE 2 k.

Rubens, str.,

.22 28

116 7

.78 var. 1 0.

Marie Berg, bk................25 36 120 28

Rubens, str., .......................24 46

119 18

Sam Skolfield, sh., .....24

119 31

NE 2 0. NNW 4 k. .87 NE 6 ofr.

Sishan, str.,

.21 40

116 40

Chelydra, str.,

21. 36

113 53

.78 SW 2 .79 SW 4

Bisagno, str.,.-

21 32

114 21

.79 SW 2 op.

Choy sang, str., ..23 20 Pallas, str.,

116 44

.80 E 3 C.

Donar, str.....

113 30

.77. var. 4 oltr.

23 19

117 29

.89 ENE 4

Ask, str.,

20 52

106 41

.77 SW 3 0.

Frejr, str.,

21 29

109 5

.78. N 1

Hongkong, str.,......20 52

106 41

Hongkong, str., ......21 27

109 1

.84 SE

Aurora, bk.,.

20 52

Fort Stuart, sh.,..............20 45

118 35

var.

Activ, str.,

..20 35

111 28

.81 SSE 2

og.

Fort Stuart, sh., ...20 28

Aurora, bk.,

19 53

114 14

.83 SSW var. og.

China, str., ....................... .18 44

111 44

.81 SW

I.M.C.C. Likin,

18 24

110 38

.81

Donar, str.,

17 44

111 27

.84

Framnes, str.,

.17 3

110 47

Tasmania, bk., ......15 46

113 55

Sungkiang, str., ......14 23

120 30

.87

Devawongse, str.,

8 24

104 56

.85

Pakshan, str.,

6 50 106 14

June 2nd.

.86 SW

4 110 00 00 co co ol

oq.

Frejr, str., Queen City, sch.,....19 3 I.M.C.C. Likin,................ 18 15

20 4

114 2 118 38 110 20 124 4

.81 NE 2 C. .81 WSW 2

op.

2 op.

.81

NE 2 C. .81 SW 4 orqtl.

110 18

.80 SSW 2

Tasmania, bk.,

.18 3

114 15

S 2

5 C.

China, str.,..... .15 22 Sungkiang, str.,......14 35 Devawongse, str., ...10 38 108 25

110 4

120 59

.78 .84

3 k. 0

Machew, str.,

Triumph, str.,

Omba, str.,

Triumph, str.,

.43 11 141 5 30.28

43 Empress of Japan, str.,...38 49 Lifoo, str., ............37 48 Riojun Maru, str., ...34 22 Nanyang, str., ......33 55 Tellus, str.,........ .32 7 Oanfa, str.,

132 27 129 40 127 14 ..29 45 116 0 Marquis of Becqueham, str., ..29 32 128 10

or.

Omba, str.,.......

0 134 9 .04 147 33 .13 121 26 29.94 30.00 29.93

ENE 6 NE 2 NE 4

Lifoo, str.,

Riojun Maru, str.,...34 22

Pakshan, str.,.........10 24 107 10 8 29 104 38

June 3rd. .45 20 137 34 .43 11 141 5 .34 36 122 37 132 27

.86 var. 3 k.

.88 var. 1 b. .87 SSE

فخ عدن فون ن

29.84 NE

8 orq. 30.01 E 2 k. 29.86 NNE 3 b.

.71

Oaufa, str.,............

.32 12

0 SW 2 cm. E 2 k. .63 NNE 4 omr. .87 SE 3

Nanyang, str., .31 29

118 55 126 28

Pallas, str.,..

.29 0

126 0

.89 E 5

.62 NW 4 ogd. .74 WNW 3 ogr.

نة

Marquis of Becqueham, str.,..27 22 Marie Berg, bk., ...26 33 Sam Skolfield, sh., .26 6

123 46

.65 W 5

121 46 121 32

NNE 7? or.

.75

var.

530

June 3rd.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. Bar. East.

JUNE, 1895.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

ins.

0-12

Lawang, str.,

.25° 31′

121° 32′

29.74

Empress of China, str., ...23 24 Rohilla, str., .......................23 19 Fort Stuart, sh., ...21 17 Tasmania, bk., ..20 28

117 35

.72

S 5

op. SW 3 C.

117 28

.70

117 9

...

....

114 15

Ask, str.,..........

.20 22

108 38

Frejr, str.,

.20 4

110 20

op.

Oanfa, str.,........

Queen City, sch., ....19 33

122 30

.80

Sishan, str.,..........

I.M.C.C. Likiu,

Bisagno, str.,

.18 40 114 53 .18 109 39 .18 6 114 11 Chelydra, str.,...17 32 ...17 32 Devawongse, str., ...14 37 Sungkiang, str., .... ...14 35 China, str.,

q. oq.

Machew, str.,.........20 57 112 53

..20 28

cp.

Activ, str.,

Dir. For. ther.

RADIO »

132° 17′ 30.04 NE 2 C.

Lawang, str.,.........30° 58′ Marie Berg, bk., ..28 2 122 21 SSW 4 op.

Sam Skolfield, sh.,...27 38 121.21 SW 4 op.

Chi Yuen, str., .26 57 120 25 W 6

Java, str., q.

...25 50 120 10 .78 NE 6 0.

.23 29 117 12 SW 4

.22 40 117 9 . S 2 .81 SW 5 .81 SW 1 .79 SW 4

Lyeemoon, str.,

Velocity, bk...........21 17 120 8

Hongkong, str.,.....20 28

.89 NNE 5 k.

.91

NE 5 C.

.92 NE

var. 1

.91 ENE 5 .88 ESE

E 4 cp.

Lat. North.

June 6th. Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

ins.

6-12

E 1

29.98 ENE 2

.98 NE 3

110 11

...20 10

110 20

.89

113 41

.95 SSW 5

Propontis, str.,

19 24

112 29

.90 var. 5 0.

110 3

.83 SW 3

Kong Beng, str.,

...18 32

107 45

.85

120 59

.84

Queen City, sch.,

...18 16

118 59

.81

...

.11 48

109 17

.82 SSW 3

Kriemhild, str.,

17 58

111 31

Machew, str., .........10 20

108 0

.83

I.M.C.C. Likin,....

.17 46

110 13

.87

June 4th.

Progress, str.,.

.17 13 109 16

3 op. 0 orqtl.

.85 NE 2

var. 1

Omba, str.,

Triumph, str.,.........46 34 138 35 .43 11 141 5

29.66

NE 9

.75

Kweiyang, str., ......38 14

Gaelic, str.,

32 52

120 5 135 23

Choysang, str., ......31 14 121 30

Nanyang, str.,.

.28 20

123 9

Lawang, str.,

.26 56

124 47

.85 .64 SW 2 .82 N 2 b. .85 NNE 3 .83 NNE 5

var. 2 k.

UNNO

or.

Deuteros, str.,

.16 10

110 26

.84 NE

E 2 k.

Picciola, str.,

.15 8

110 12

.89 N 2

Sungkiang, str.,

.14 35

120 58

Helene Rickmers, str.,...12

109 34

78 SSE .84 N

Holstein, str.,.

11 38

109 15

SE 1

Loosok, str.,

..10 33

102 33

.85

Sishan, str.,.......

8 49

109 34

.86

Marie Berg, bk.,.

.26 41

122 12

NNE 4

Memnon, str.,

8 33 119 6

.86

Sam Skolfield, sh.,...26

121 31

.85 NNE 7

Bisagno, str.,

8 20

108 51

.81

Marquis of Becqueliam, str., ..24 57

119 36

.79

Velocity, bk., ................. .22 12

119 20

Fort Stuart, sh.,

..20 53

116 29

Frejr, str.,

..20 34

111 28

.84

NE 4 NW 2 WSW 4 NE 1

Chelydra. str.,

6 36

107 13

.87

Benledi, str.,

or.

Shantung, str.,

3 50 105 20 0 108 26 June 7th.

.87 NE .83

var. 1

Ask, str.,....

.20 34

111 40

.87 NNE 2

Omba, str.,..

.41

Kong Beng, str.,......20

111 5

77 WNW 3

Riojun Maru, str.,...34 22

140 30 132 28

Queen City, sch., 19 48

121 32

.80 SW 2 orq.

Glenogle, str.,

.33 32

30.22 .08 136 7 .14

SW var.

SW 1

Devawongse, str., ...18 37

111 33

.87 W 4

Chi Yuen str.,

.30 12

122 36

29.90

var.

I.M.C.C. Likin,

.18 12

109 33

.86 ESE 2

Gaelic, str.,

.29 58

126 5

.87

2 op.

Sishan, str.,.i..........

.15 41

113 24

.88 SW 2

Java, str.,

.29 48

122 35

var. 2

Bisagno, str..

14 47

112 57

.85 SW

Marie Berg, bk., ...29 27

123 0

SE 2

Zafiro, str., ....

14 40

120 0

.91

NW 2

Sungkiang, str.,

14 35

120 59

.84

W 3

Yuensang, str.,

..14 32

120 46

.83

Sam Skolfield, sh.....27 33 Hohenzollern, str.,...24 2 Velocity, bk......22 9

121 29

.87

var. 1

118 32

.85 NNE 3

121 25

SE 2

Machew, str.,

13 58

109 57

.88 var.

Frejr, str.,

21 50

113 38

.88 E 3

Chelydra, str.,........

13 44

112 27

Propontis, str.,

Triumph, str.,

Omba, str.,

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 22

Choysang, str., ......31 14

121 30

Gaelic, str.,

...30 59

130 43

Lawang, str.,

.28 47

128 25

.12 22 109 31

June 5th. .48 13 140 0 29.81 $ 1 43 11 141 5 30.06 SW 6 132 28 29.86 SE 1

.91 NE 3 b. .83

W 2 .92 NNE 4

.93 .92 SW 1

SW 3

Activ, str.,...

-21 29

109 5

.90

NE 5

Hongkong, str.,...21 25

21 25

112 12

.88

Progress, str.......

19 39

111 50

W 1

Oanfa, str.,

18 16

114 21

.87

SSE 3

Picciola, str.,

..18 7

111 0

.88

NE 2

Rohilla, str., ....

17 43

113 26

.84

I.M.C.C. Likin,.....

17 24

110 2

.85

Helene Rickmers, str.,.......16

110 39

..86

Holstein, str.,.........................15

110 20

.86

Marie Berg, bk........27 32

122 1

Sam Skolfield, sh.,

Lyeemoon, str.,

Oanfa, str.,

Nanyang, str.,.

Chi Ynen, str.,

Java, str.,

27 9 121 7 ..27 0 121 2 .26 30 120 48 ..25 22 120 4. 24 27 118 31 .23 27 117 31

NEE 4 .98 NNE 4

Kong Beng, str., ...14 45

109 51

.85 SSE 2

Kriemhild, str., ......14 39

109 58

.85

.97 NE 4 30.00 ENE 4 29.92 NNE 3

Sungkiang, str.,.......

14 35

Deuteros, str., ...

12 35

Memuon, str.,.............

12 16

.91 NE 4

Pakshan, str.,.

.85 NE 5

Loosok, str.,

Marquis of Becqueham, str.,

..22 27

Fort Stuart, sh., .......

..21253

Velocity, bk.,

.21 51

115 33 115 33 119 57

.87

NE 2

Benledi, str.,

NE 3

Sishan, str.,

NNE 5

...

Bisagno, str.,

Activ, str.,

.21 44

113 31

Devawongse, str., ...21 36

..21 36

113 47

.92 .89 NE 5

ENE 2 C.

Shantung, str.,

Kriemhild, str., ......21 24

113 31

.90

Kutsang, str.,.................

****** 3 54 Glenartney, str........ 3 30

Deuteros.str., ........... .19 29 112 19 Queen City, sch., ...19 28 120 14

.88

NE 2 .81 ENE 4

120 59 109 29 119 27 .11 46 109 15 8 31 105 24 7 32 107 30 5 29 107 24 5 6 106 50 4 34 108 52 105 44 105 33 June 8th.

.83 WNW 3

.86 SW 1

.86 var. 1 .86 .84

var. 1

.82 E 2

.85 ESE 1

.81 NE 1

.83 NNE 2

.83 NNE 3 .82

N 1

قدم قد أعد أحد أحد قدر قرن دي في تحد شدن دهنده : هن هعنننبه أحد قدر همه نشون ندهد: ندن ن ه ه ه ه

Omba, str.,.

.38 51

Zafiro, str., ............18 30 · 117 I.M.C.C. Likin, .18 8.110 26

.86

NW 3

cp.

Lifoo, str.,

.36 0

141 54 30.26 122 46 29.86

.88

SE 2

Kweiyang, str.

..35 38

122 52

S 2 ul. NE 3 om. .72 var. 1 0.

Machew, str.,

Propontis, str.,

Sungkiang, str.,

Sishan, str.,.............

Bisagno, str.,

Holstein, str.,

17 46 111 13 ...15 58 110 46 .14 35 120 59 12 12 111 29 .11 49 110 54 .10 18 107 5 Chelydra, str., .......10 4 110 15

.83

.91

var. 1 var. 3 orq. .82 WNW 1 .87 S 1 .83 SW 2 .86 SE 2

Verona, str.,

.35 12

139 43 30.05

Riojun Maru, str.,.....34 22

132 28 29.84

Brindisi, str.,. ..32 57

128 4

.87

Tellus, str.,

Pallas, str.,....

Afghan, str.,

32 41 127 25 .32 .4 129 12 .31 54 125 47

.95

1 C. SE 3 C. SW 2 k. SW 2

SW 3 or.

.89 S 3

Peiyang, str.,....31 15

31 15 121 43

Omba, str., ..........43 11 Riojun Maru, str., ...34 22 Choysang, str., ......31 14

June 6th.

141 5 30.21 132 28 .07 S 121 30 29.92

NW 4

E 5 b.

+10

Sam Skolfield, sh.,...28 0 Hohenzollern, str.,...26 51

122 4

SW £ .87 NW 3 .89 var.

123 29

.91

...

Gaelic, str.,

..26 47

121 54

.84

Fram, str.,

..26 28

120 59

.94

☺☺☺- COH NO NO 00

op.

0 0.

JUNE, 1895.

531

June 8th.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

North.

June 10th. Lat. Long. East.

Bar.

Wea-

Wind. Dir. For. ther.

ins.

0-12

ins.

0-12

Choysang, str.,

...24° 44′

119° 10′

29.89

var.

Prinz Heinrich, str.,.24 28

Ancona, str.,

Velocity, bk.,

.24 0

23 32 122 53

119 118 6

.94

1 0.

0 0.

Hohenzollern, str.,...32° 18′

133° 49′

30.00

SW 2

.89

0 C.

2 m.

Fram, str., Glenogle, str., ......31 43 Sam Skolfield, sh.,...30

..31 55

125 30

.00

SE 2 f.

125 22

29.98

SW 3 C.

123

.91 SSW 2

of.

Teyi, str.,

.22 38 115 42

.91

ENE 1

Ancona, str.,

.29 56

126 15

30.00

var.

or.

Ask, str.,..

.21 55 113 45

.94

SE 3 0.

Kweiyang, str.,

..28 7

121 57

29.92 SSW 2

Amigo, str.,.

.21

113 30

.90

3 k.

Tellus, str.,

.27 34

122 4

$ 5

or.

Picciola, str.,

20 5

112 43

.87

4 or.

Teyi, str.,

..27 5

121 15

.97 NE 2

op.

Frejr, str.,

..20

4. 110 20

.88

SE 2 c.

Brindisi, str.,

Framnes, str.,

.19 35 112 6

.87

S 3 q.

Pallas, str.,..

Helene Rickmers, str., ...19

112 17

.86

NE 1

Velocity, bk.,

..24 17

.26 55 121 46 ..26 44 121 52 124 38

.93 var.

op.

.92

S 3

John Baizley, bk., ...18 56

178 27

30.12 ENE

Peiyang, str.,.

.24 16 118 43

.96

N 2

Donar, str,

18 53

111 40

29.86

Pakshan, str.,...

.21 43

113 47

.88

NE 6

cp.

Holstein, str.,

18 7

111 39

.84

Frejr, str.,

.21 29

109 5

.85

ESE 3

Queen City, sch.,

.17 13

118 32

.84

NE 1

Ask, str.,

.20 52

106 41

.82

SW 2

I.M.C.C. Likin,

17 8

110 0

.86 SE 2

Memnon, str.,

Pakshan, str.,

15 51 15 6

117 51 110 20

.88

NE 3

.88 ENE 1

Sungkiang, str.,

Oanfa, str.,

.14 35 120 59 14 12 112 24

.81

W 1

.87

E 2

Rohilla, str.,

.13 24 111 44

.86

NE 1 k.

Benledi, str.,

.11 23

109 31

.89

NE 4

Loosok, str.,

.11 2

108 41

.88

E 2

Kong Beng, str.,.....10 54

108 41

.85 var. 2 k.

Shanghai, str.,.

.10 41

108 57

.85 WNW 2

Chowfa, str.,

9 4

103. 42

var. 1

Shantung, str., Kutsang, sir., Glenartney, str., Sishan, str.,... Bisagno, str.,

109 50

.80 NNE 2

7 22

108 1

.86 NNE 3

Lifoo, str., Omba, str.,

Glenogle, str.,.

Verona, str., Kweiyang, str.,

Tellus, str..

124 34

6 57 108 1 2 20 104 50 1 53 104 45

June 9th. .38 19 120 8 29.87 .35 41 140 54 30.09 34 3 132 43 29.99 .33 54 135 3 30.00 NW 2 k. .31 49 123 0 29.93 SSE 4 ..30 19

.86 NNE 3

.85 WSW 1 .81 var. 2 k.

S SAS SEENES 2 2 4 6 ÷

Activ, str.,

.20 4.

110 20

.87 ENE 5

John Baizley, bk.,...19 16

174 15

30.08 NE

Benledi, str.,

19 1

112 0

29.88 NE 5

Loosok, str.,

.18 0

111 37

.82 NNE 4

Zafiro, str.,............

.16 41

118

.85

SE 6 C.

Shanghai, str.,

.14 47

112 29

Norden, str.,

.14 43

109 36

Queen City, sch.,

...14 43

Sunkiang, str., Shantung, str.,

Kutsang, str.,.i.

116 16}} 14 35 120 59 .14 26 112 36 .14 22 112 16

.71

.66 NE 6 or. .73 N/W 5 cp. ESE 8 orq.

.83 SSE 4 .59 NW N 7 orq.

.64 N/W _6 omgr.

Glenartney, str.,

..14 11

112 12

.63 NNW 6

Amigo, str.,

109 44

.77 N 5 0.

b. Chowfa, str.,

12 38

109 30

N 4

SW 2 ortl.

var.

...

in.

Framnes, str.,. Donar, str.,..... Kong Beng, str., Oanfa, str.,..... Rohilla, str.,

11 56

109 16

NE 2

11 7

108 44

.77

SW 5

.10 50

102 0

.81 NW/W 2

6 54

107 45

.80 SW 3

5 16

Kriemhild, str.,

3 42

106 35 105 18

.82 SW 2

.77 SSW 2

ننن

June 11th.

Omba, str.,....

.35 26

139 39

30.07

...

Hohenzollern, str.,...34 48

139 18

29.99

: 0

Brindisi, str.,

.29 59

124 42

.99

cm.

Verona, str.,.

.34 40

135 11

30.00

Pallas, str.,

.29 28

125 42

.98

Ancona, str.,

.31 40

135 11

2 29.97

Prinz Heinrich, str.,.29

122 32

.96

Fram, str.,

.34 29

127 29

Hohenzollern, str., ...29

128 40

.99

Riojun Maru, str.,...33 57

130 55

Fram, str.,

..29

123 6

30.00 ESE 2

Teyi, str.,...

.30 14

122 50

.98 SE 1 .97 NE .95

Sam Skolfield sh., ...28 45

122 46

29.97

SW 2

of.

Velocity, bk...........25 29

126 59

SE 1

Peiyang, str.,

..27 31

121 28

.97 $ 1

Kweiyang, str., ......24 56

119 32

.88

var. 1

Ancona, str.,

..26 47

122 17

.91 ENE 2

Brindisi, str., .

.24 6

118 28

.94 NNE 2

Teyi, str.,

.24 21

118 50

.99 NE 1

Pallas, str.,..

.23 57

118 34

.92 NNE 2

6 6 8 4 2 3 4 4 4 8 8

NO O

Velocity, bk.,

.24 8

123 38

Gaelic, str.,

Frejr, str.,

.23 49 117 59 .21 29 109 6

Holstein, str.,

.21 4

Activ, str.,

.20 40

Ask, str.,.

.20 9

113 26 109 27 110 16

Zafiro, str.,

.20 6

115 59

ESE I ..91 var. 2 .94 var. 3 .89 NE 4 .93

5 .89 NNW 1 .91 E 2

Peiyang, str.,.....

22 18

114 48

ENE 4 cq.

.C.

Strathavon, str.,......21 25

113 42

.87 NE 3

or.

Loosok, str.,.·

.20 53

113 13

.83 ENE 6

oq. Frejr, str.,

.20 52

106 41

.81 E 4

var.

or.

Aetiv, str.,..

.20 18

John Baizley, bk.,...19 41

I.M.C.C. Likin,..

Memnon, str.,

19 24

115 56

.91 NE 4 €.

Norden, str.,

Shanghai, str.,.

Pakshan, str.,

I.M.C.C. Likin, Amigo, str.,... Framnes, str.,

Queen City, sch.,

Benledi, str.,

Donar, str.,

John Baizley, bk., ...19 12 176 25 18 56 113 45 .18 36 111 58 .18 12 109 33 .18 8. 111 9 15 52 110 33

117 ...15 49

.15 30 110 25 15 3 110 0

30.08 ENE... orq. 29.92 E 3 .88 ENE 3 .89

1 var. .87 SE 3 k. .85 NE 1 C. .84 NNE 5

Sungkiang, str.,

Erato, str.,.........

Shantung, str.,

.88

.87

Loosok, str.,

.14 39

110 23

.89 NE ?

Sungkiang, str.,

.14 35

120 59

.82 ESE 5 or.

Norden, str.,

.11 28

109 17

Shantung, str.,

.11 19

111 10

Kutsang, str.,

.10 59

110 6

.82 NNE 3 .8.3 N 4 oqlt. .85 NNE 3 0.

Glenartney, str., ...15 16 113 29

Kutsang, str.,

.15 13 Chowfa, str., .................. .14 3 Queen City, sch., ...13 51 Shanghai, str., ..............11 2 Donar, str.,........................... 8.39 Lord Brassey, bk.,... 5 39 Khedive, str.,............... Oanfa, str.,.......

113 34 109 33 115 39 110 15

110 59 .78 ENE 7 op. 172 20 30.06 ENE 18 12

NE 109 33 29.60 .17 43 108 19

.52 N .16 14 118 55 .84 SW 2 C.

15 47 110 47 .41 SSW 11 ...15 19 113 0 .71 SEE 4 SE 6 .75 ESE 5 SW 4

8 ogrq.

og.

.81

5 orq.

.74 SW S 6

oq.

105 53

107 13

.76 SW 5

SW 4

105 34

Lifoo, str.,

Glenartney, str.,.....10 38

110 37

.82 NNE 4 op.

Fram, str.,

Oanfa, str.,

.10 27

Chowfa, str.,

Rohilla, str.,

Kong Beng, str.,...... 8 22 Kriemhild, str.,

Omba, str.,

Verona, str.,

110 11 9 34 107 11 9 16 109 1 105 12 7 20 107 12

June 10th. .35 25 139 39 30.10 .34 40 135 11 29.99

.84 NW

Verona, str.,

...

Ancona, str.,

.84

1 var.

.86 SW

.84

2 cgr.

Glenesk, str.,.........32 22 Kwanglee, str., ......28 20

3 21 105 11

June 12th. .38 29 119 15 .37 18 129 27 .33 58 130 58 .33 56 130 54 Riojun Maru, str.,...33 56 127 8 Teyi, str.,

122 59 125 16

.81 .77

S 3 C. SW 4 eq.

.33 50

121 51

0 k.

Velocity, bk., .......25 57 Nanyang, str., ......23 40

128 22

117 58

SE 29.87

1 0. .90 S 1 C. .93 E 2 .88 ESE 2 1 .91 SW .93 ESE 4 SE 2 .89 SSW 2 SE 1 .89 NE 1 e.

0. f.

or.

532

June 12th.

Vessel.

Lat.

North.

Long. Bar. East.

ins.

0-12

Maria Valeria, str.,...22° 21′

114° 29′

29.88

NE 5 0.

Brindisi, str.,

.22 13

114 24

.89

ENE 5 om.

Activ, str.,

.21 32

113 0

.86 ESE 6 0.

Mongkut, str.,

.21 6

114 54

.87 E 5

Ask, str........

.20 52

106 41

.43 W 6

Frejr, str.,

.20.52

106 41

.67 NNW 6

or.

Glenartney, str.,....

.19 39 114 5

.82 SE 5

Kutsang, str.,

.19 38

114 4

Sungkiang, str.,

.19 37

116 28

John Baizley, bk., ...19 28

170 10

30.06

oq. .85 E 4 b. .86 ENE 3 C.

E 4 orq.

Strathavon, str.,..... 19 16 Shantung, str., ......18 54

111 53

29.86

SE 6 k.

113 40

.83

SE 4

JUNE, 1895.

Wind. Wea-

Dir. For. ther.

Vessel.

John Baizley, bk Progress, str.,.............. Yuensang, str., Picciola, str., Khedive, str., Devawongse, str., .....15 27 Mongkut, str., .............. .15 9 Strathavon, str.,..............13 29 Queen City, seh., ...12 15 Lord Brassey, bk., .10 10 Ceylon, str.,

4 15 Catherine Apcar, str., 4 ¿

Lat.

June 14th.

Long.

Bar.

North.

East.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For, ther.

ins.

0-12

,...19° 48′

166° 19′ 30.06 ENE 4

19 14

111 18

... SSW 5

18 16

117 22

29.80

0 b.

.....

.17 8

111 2

.83 S 3

15 34

113 5

.83

SSE 2 k.

110 26

.80

110 18

.80 S 3 k.

110 0

112 39

.87 SSE 2 k. .82

110 5 105 55

SW 4 k.

.84 SSW 3 or.

105 42

.79 W 2

IVAO 10 00 00 1

3 k.

0 b.

1.M.C.C. Likin,

.18 12

109 33

.72

SE 4 orq.

June 15th.

Norden, str.,

:17 46

108 17

.61 SSW 6

Erato, str.,

17 41

110 35

.72

Chowfa, str.,

.17 31

111 30

Queen City, sch.,

...12 48

115 31

.80

SE 6 0. SE 5 S 2

Triumph, str.,

.45 43 137 56

29.89 SSW 2

Omba, Str...................

.40 15

141 57

.84 E 4

Riojun Maru, str.....38 53

121 52

.76

Ancona, str.,

.34 16

188 18

.68 SW 2

Donar, str.,

.10 12

102 29

NW 1

Afghan, str.,

.82 45

129 50

.81

Khedive, str.,

8 5

107 58

.82

SSE 4

Maria Valeria, str.,...81

121 37

.68

SE 2

Shanghai, str.,

7 37

108 9

.82

SSW 5

cq.

Lord Brassey, bk.,

7 32

108 7

S 4 op.

Lyeemoon, str.,

.30 37

122 26

.68

Sishan, str.,.............

Fram, str., •

Teyi, str.,

Lifoo, str.,

4 2 105 33

June 13th. .40 39 131 25 ..87 25 122 55 ..36 30

.80 SW

Chi Yuen, str.,

.29 37

118 39

.79 SSW 3

3 0.

Velocity, bk.,................

.28 33

133 56

NW 1

Herman Wedell Jarlsberg,str.,27 19

123 3

.69

SE 4

29.78

(

Verona, str.,

27 13

122 33

.68 SW 5 org.

.89

0 k.

122 44

.90

Riojun Maru, str., ...35 18

123 50

SSE 4 .87 SE 1

Bogstad, str.,..........

26 43

121 26

.70 SW 5

01.

Namoa, str.,

Ancona, str.,

.34 40

135 11

.89

15..

Glenesk, str.,

.34 3

130 12

- var. 2 k.

Yuensang, str., Activ, str.,........

Gartha, bk.,

.23 20 116 44 .21 41

114 42 .21 44 113 33 .20 56 115 9

.69 .77

.79 SW 3

.76 SW 4

Bogstad, str.,

.31 59

127 22

Afghan, str.,

Chi Yuen, str.,

.31 18 125 7 .30 24 122 26

.92 .85 SSE 2

SW 2

Machew, str.,.

.20 44 114 37

Nanyang, str.,.........26 59

120 44

.90 SSE 2 fp. .87 NW 1

Frejr, str.,

.20 $

Ask, str.,

.20 4

John Baizley, bk.,...19 45

110 20 110 20 163 51

Velocity, bk.,

.26 41

130 12

SSE 4

•

Kwanglec, str.,

.24 37

Maria Valeria, str.,...24

Lyeemoon, str.,

.23 27

Changsha, str., .... .22 29

Progress, str.,.

Frejr, str.,

Erato, str.,

Norden, str.,

18 8 16 39

Picciola, str.,

.21 44 113 38 .20 52 106 41 .20 29 113 4 .20 20 ́ 107 2 .20 16 112 20 168 22

John Baizley, bk., ...19 15 Devawongse, str., ...19 14 Mongkut, str...................... 18 34 1.M.C.C. Likin, Strathavon, str.,

.89 .92 NE 1 .91 NE 2 .86 E 3 SE 5 .77 SSW .82 SE 4 .72 SW 4 .84 S 5

30.04 ENE 4 29.84 S

119 7

k. 0 b..

Memnon, str.,.......

Khedive, str.,

118 44

117 15

115 17

Chunshan, str., Progress, str.,.... 0. Picciola, str.,

19 32 115 21 .19 17 113 42 .18 38 114 52 .16 47 108 41 .13 47 110 2

.71 .67 S 2 30.06 ENE 4 29.76 SSW 2

.80 SW 2

.78 SW 3

.78

111 52

112 12

109 39

.82 S .84 SSE 2

110 45

.91

Yuensang, str., ......14 46

120 1

.81 ENE 2 b.

Queen City, sch., ...12 19 Khedive, str., .........................12 0

112 44

.84

110 50

.83 SSE 2

Lord Brassey, bk.,

Sishan, str.,..

8 58 7 45

109 11 106 46

Shanghai, str.,...... 4 15 106 7

June 14th.

Triumph, str.,.........48 27

.81 SE .84 S

H2O2 -

2 3 6 4 2 283 2

Deuteros, str., Queen City, sch., ...12 11

.12 20

109 28

.74

112 32

.82

Devawongse, str., ...11

109 15

.76

Lord Brassey, bk., .11 27 111 0 Strathavon, str.,......10 37 · 108 16

ASBAASGA¦§ÈMA ICMASOAS NÅ NÅ, 6 À LÀ Ô LÀ 8

.86

SW 5 orq.

Ceylon, str.,

8 17 108 46

.81

var. 2 cp.

Catherine Apear, str., 7 55

Cromarty, str.,

Triumph, str.,....................... ·43 Omba, str.,

or.

3 cpq.

140 22 29.94

SE 2 of.

Bogstad, str.,..

Riojun Maru, str., ...38 6 122 19

.77

ENE 2

Verona, str.,

Omba, str.,

.36 31 141 8

.80

NE 5

Pallas, str.,..

Hohenzollern, str.,

Ancona, str.,

Chunshan, str.,

Ask, str.,.........

Frejr, str.,

Glenesk, str., Lifoo, str., Afghan, str., Nanyang, str.,. Verona, str., Bogstad, str.,

Maria Valeria, str.,...27 34 121 33 Velocity, bk., .27 33 132 18 Chi Yuen, str., ......27 26 121 7 Lyeemoon, str., ......26 35 120 35 Changsha, str., ......25 0 119 32 Herman Wedell Jarlsberg, str., 24 23 119 18 Kwanglee, str., ......22 25 115 4 Namoa, str.,......... .22 24 114 39 .21 56 116 52 .20 17 109 13 ..20 8 109 55

I.M.C.C. Likin, ...............20

..34 58 139 28 34 40 135 11 .34 37 135 4 .32 43 122 36 .32 17 127 54 .30 29 122 32 .30 15 126 24 .29 3 124 37

.82

Frejr, str.,

.74 SW

or.

...

E 2

.77 SE .76 W 2 .76 SW 2 .83 SW 3 orq. .85 SSW 1 .84 NNE 3 SSE 2 .90 NE 1 .83 NE 5 .80 ESE 2 .81 SE 4

Ask, str.,

Gartha, bk.,

Activ, str.,.

Riojun Maru, str.,...38 53 Ancona, str., ............. .35 25 Fooksang, str., ......30 48 Herman Wedell Jarlsberg, str.,30 43 Velocity, bk........ .29 58

137 24 40 119 17 24 17 118 42 .23 32 117 52 .21 40 113 19 Esmeralda str., ..21 28 118 56 Sungkiang, str........20 52 115 30 .20 43 111 42 .20 33 115 4 .20 12 .110 54

108 14 6 59 109 20

June 16th.

7 134 31 42 30 139 46 121 52

.77 WSW 2 0.

29.89

WV 4 0.

S 2 k.

.84 NNW 4 ofr.

73 ENE 2 or.

139 39

.66

SE 3

122 10

.71

ESE 6 0.

126 46

.64

E 4 f.

var. var, orqtl-

.76

SW 5 k.

.76 SW 4 k.

.80

.82 SW 2 k.

Machew, str.,••••

or.

Zafiro, str......

og.

Deuteros, str.,

John Baizley, bk.,...19 39 161 42 .17 43 111 25 .16 34 118 39 .15 56 110 15

SSE 3 C.

.73 SE 3 k. .76 SSW 2 k. .76 S 3 C. 30.04 NE/E 4 orq.

SW 2 k.

.76

29.80

S 4 C.

.74

SSE 3

or.

Memnon, str.,............ .15 29 Chunshan, str.. .15 18 Ceylon, str.,

116 25

.77

S 3 C.

112 33

.76 SW 3

.12 31

111 32

.75 NNE 1

CV.

.77 SW 3 b.

.82

.71 .76

SESS

S 2 k.

4 110 20

78 SW 2

34225 3

Cromarty, str.,

Lord Brassey, bk.,...12 27 Catherine Apcar, str., 12 0 Queen City, sch., ...11 44 Picciola, str., ................ 10 56 108 26 ....10 39 110 55

111 40

ESE 2

110 56

.75

NE 3 0.

111 59

.81

.79

Devawongse, str.,

•

Kitty, bk.,

9 4 8 17

106 56 106 2

WSW 6 .79 SW 5 org.

SSE 4 orq.

533

Vessel.

North.

June 17th. Lat. Loug.

East.

Bar.

JUNE, 1895.

Wind. Wea-

Dir. For. ther.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

June 19th. Long. East.

Bar.

Wind.

Wea-

ins.

0-12

ins.

Riojun, Maru, str., ...36° 56′

122° 54′ 29.77

SSE 3

Frejr, str.,

21° 50′

Dir. For. ther.

113° 39′ 29.88 SSW 3 b.

0-12

Ancona, str.,

..35 26

139 39

.78

E 3

Wuotap, str.,

..21

Glenfarg, str...

.32

126 45

.77

E 2

John Baizley, bk,...20 40

113 155 32

S 1 b.

30.06 ENE 3

Velocity, bk.,

..30 13 136 38

ENE 2

Activ, str.,..........

.20 4

110 20

29.83 var. 2

Fooksaug, str.,

.....27 20 121 22

.74 SW 6

China, str........

...19 49

112 40

.85 SSE 2

Pallas, str.,

...26 35

122 21

.82

S 3

Loosok, str.,.

.19 42

112 41

.90 SSE

Verona, str.,

.22 15

114 33

.82

S 2 k.

Kutsang, str.,..

19 13

113 51

.90 $ 3

Activ, str.,

.21 29

109 5

John Baizley, bk., ...20

159 16

.76 W 2 09.

30.02 ENE 4 orą.

Gartha, bk... ... ...

.17 21

109 51

.78 S/E 2

Lord Brassey, bk.,...16

113 46

S 1

Zafiro, str.,

.20

116

29.83

S 1 .C.

Amigo, str.,

.16 32

110 19

.82 ENE 4

Gartha, bk.,..

19 50

113 47

.68

S 2 org.

Brindisi, str.,....

.15 26

110 32

.84 S 1 b.

Deuteros, str.,

19 4

112 0

.79

SSE 4

Sungkiang, str.,.

.14 36

120 57

.90 WNW 1 C.

Holstein, str.,

.18 50

111 56

.78

Esmeralda, str.,

17 34

119 33

.78

Framnes, str.,.

.12 29

109 20

.85

S 1

Holstein, str...

.12 20

109 20

Sungkiang, str., ......17 28

118 23

.83 SSE 3

Sishan, str.,

.12 4

109 21

.86 SW 2 0.

Ceylon, str.,.....

17 4

113 27

.78

SE 3 CY.

Kitty, bk.,

.10 31

110 15

SW. 4

Catherine Apcar, str., 15 56

113 3

.79

ESE 3 k.

Menmuir, str.,

.10 12

121 33

.84

NW 3

Cromarty, str.,..

.14 19

112 30

ESE 4

Wuotan, str., ........... 14

110 6

SW 1

Lord Brassey, bk., ...13 40

112 27

S 2

China, str.,

.12 44

109 34

.75

NE 1

Chunshan, str.,

.12 27

109 45

SW 4

***

Queen City, sch., Kong Beng, str., Machew, str.,................... Chunshan, str.,

9 55

111 49

.92

...

8 33

105 46

.89

SE 2

8 28

105 17

5 50

106 13

.92

2124032 O4

June 20th.

Memnon, str.,

.11 25

117 46

.79

SW 4

or.

Omba, str.,......

Queen City, sch.,

...10 54

112 20

.82

SW. 5

Teyi, str.,

43 11 141 5 .38 15 120 0

29.48 WNW

var.

Devawongse, str., Mongkut, str., - Kitty, bk.,

9 7

103 38

.82

SW 4 or.

Ancona, str.,

.35 26

139 39

9 5

103 34.

Menmuir, str.,.

8 53 107 59 2 43 124 38

.77 WSW 3 SW 5 .80 NW 4

p. oq.

Lawang, str.,

.33 34

134 31

.81 ESE 3 k. .58 SW 3 k. .82 WSW 2 ogr.

Velocity, bk.,.

.33 10

143 S

SE 1 or.

Maria Valeria, str.,...32

126 24

.80

N 2 or.

Omba, str.,

Ancona, str.,

Riojun Maru, str., ...34

Hohenzollern, str., Sikh, str.,

June 18th. 43 11 141 5 .35 26 139 39

Siam, str.,

.31 12

133 0

.66

SW ã

or.

29.79

ENE 3

Hohenzollern, str.,...31

127 29

.86

SE 4

Rubens, str.,

.29 40

124 51

123 13

.54

SSW 3

Khedive, str.,.

.29 21

112 15

Velocity, bk.,

Glenogle, str.,

Glenfarg, str.,

.33 58

33 32 129 26 31 13 138 10 30 40 122 22 .30 34 122 25

130 53

.75

SE 4 org.

Lifoo, str., ....

....28 28

122 15

.77 S 6 SSW 5 .62 SW 3 .58 SW 3

Riojun Marn, str.,...28

122 53

.79 SSW 4

.77 W 2 0.

NE 1

in.

75 SW 3 f. .74 SSW 4 om.

Sikb, str.,

.27 35

122 55

.80 SW 5

Pallas, str.,

29 43 126 40

.76

S 3

Fooksang, str.,

.24 49 119 20

.82

SSW 6.

Rubens, str.,

.23 32 117 49

S. 2

362 32

Gaelic, str.,

.27 30

122 54

.73 SSW 3

b. Java, str.,...

..26 43

120 41

Prinz Heinrich, str., 26

121 39

Namoa, str.,

.25 26

120 0

John Baizley, bk.,...20 52

154 4

Khedive, str.,

.22 28 115 27

.92

ESE 3

Activ, str.,

Ceylon, str.,.

.22 9 114 5

.86

var.

Aşk, str.,

.20 31. 111 20 .20 22 111 11

.77 SW 4 m.

.77 SSW 4

.75 SSW 2 k. 30.06 ESE 3 opq. 29.86 SSE 3 k.

Activ, str.,

.21 29 109 5

.82

SE 2

Frejr, str.,

.20 10

Amigo, str.,................

.21 0

107 5

.76 var. 1

Amigo, str.,

19 45

110 42 112 17

.87 S 3 0. .78 $ 4 b.

.87 SSE 4

John Baizley, bk.,...20 12

157 16

30.06 ENE 4 orq.

Lord Brassey, bk.,...18 11

114 8

.... WSW 2

Catherine Apcar, str., 20

113 49

29.84 SSE 2 k.

Gartha, bk.,

17 12

109 58

.80

S 1

Brindisi, str.,

19 3

112 20

.84 S 2.

Gartha, bk.,

'Cromarty, str., ....

18 22 111 31 .18 18 113 41

.80 SSE 4

SE 1

Wuotan, str.,

.17 46 111

.81

E 2

China, str.,

.16 37 110 33

.82

Holstein, str.,

15 38 109 57

.81

Lord Brassey, bk.,...15 12 113 16

SSW 2

Esmeralda, str.,

14 36

120 57

NE 4

Sungkiang, str.,

Mongkut, str.,. Machew, str.,

.14 36 120 57 12 26 100 1 10 47 108 31

.88

E 2 SW 2 SW

Queen City, sch., ....10 Kitty, bk., Chunshan, str., Memnon, str., Menmuir, str.,.

Omba, str., Ancona, str., Siam, str., Glenesk, str., Velocity, bk., Pallas, str., .....

5 111 45 9. 33 109 5 9 31 107 28 7 54 116 44 6 9 122 31

June 19th. 43 11 141 5 .35 25 139 39 .34 35 135 10 .34 6 138 .33 1 141 50 32 36 130 11 14 121 51

Maria Valeria, str.,...31

Lifoo, str., ........ 31 8 122 1 Riojun Maru, str., ...31 0 123 18

29.56

.58 SSW 6 .56 SSW 5 S 4 WSW 6 .72 $ 3 .68 NW 4

SE 6 opq.

or.

Pallas, str.,. Afghan, str.,

or. Rubens, str.,

.92 SW

NW 2 09.

.87 SW. 4 .85 SE 1 .84 var.

34452:44 3323 84 8

Loosok, str.,

.16 19

110 54

.77

SE 2 k.

Framnes, str.,......16 2

110 46

.84

Kutsang, str.,

.15 34

118

.85

S 3

Sishan, str.,

.15 33

110 46

.85

Sungkiang, str.,.....14 36

120 57

.87

Menmuir, str.,

..14 10

119 43

.80

var. 3

Kitty, bk., ....

11 58

111 11

Brindisi, str., ........

11 38

109 16

.84

Kong Beng, str.,..

11 11

108 58

.82

Machew, str.,...

101 58

...

W 2

Holstein, str.,..............

.10

Queen City, sch., ... 9

Letimbro, str.,

......

107 5 110 30 3 53 105 14

June 21st.

.87 WNW 2 .92

.95 ENE 2

QICH ONGO NI ON 2 TOY

or.

0 k.

4 C.

Omba, str......

.43 20

4 op.

Ancona, str.,

.35 26

140 17 139 89

29.79

W 3 m.

.65

S 3 0.

33 59

130 28

.78

NE 2 k.

33 40

129 53

.81

SW 4 0.

Velocity, bk......

.33 29

146 6

.32 46

128 10

WNW 1

N 2 0.

Lawang, str., .......................31 25 Herman Wedell Jarlsberg, str., 31 9

131 23

.81 WSW 2 or.

127 43

.84 SE 2

Gaelic, str., .........30 57

127 54

Lyeemoon, str.,

....30 25

122 26

Sikh, str.,

Java, str.,

.30 48 .30 15

126 5 122 36

Glenogle, str.,.........27 20 121 18

.78

Rubens, str.,

.26 30 121 28

.73 NW 3 .71 WNW 1 .69 SW 6 .68 SSW 2 SW 5

6 k.

...

Khedive, str.,

.30 6

Siam, str.,

.28 42

...

Hohenzollern, str.,...28

Lifoo, str.,

m. Java, str.,

Glenogle, str.,

.26 9 .26 8 ..25 39

Khedive, str.,

..25 26 120 0

.91

S 3

Gaelic, str.,....................

.23 45 118 6

.79

SW 2

Riojun Maru, str.,...25 8 Kwanglee, str.,

.23 29

122 45 129 11 122 45 120 26 119 38 120 1 121 45 117 43

.79 NW 1 .73 SSE 2 f. .79 S 2 of. .66 SW 5 .78 SW 5

.86 SW 4 .79 SSW 4

.82 SW 3 .88 SSW 1

.82 SE 1 b.

4 8 0 2 6 5¿¿

534

JUNE, 1895.

June 21st.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind.

Wea-

Vessel.

Lat.

June 23rd.

Long.

Bar.

Dir. For. ther.

North.

East.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For, ther.

Ceylon, str.,

.22° 26′

115° 26′

ins. 29.90

0-12

ins.

0-12

Siam, str.,

.25° 27′

120° 30′

29.68 SW

Frejr, str.,

.21 0

109 20

.82

2 b.

Riojun Maru, str.,...25 9

121 45

.81 NNW 1 b.

John Baizley, bk.,...20 46

151 48

30.05

ESE 3

opq.

Lyeemoon, str., ....

..24

118 29

.77 SSW 1

Ask, str.,

.......

Shantung, str.,

..20 33 107 40 .19 55 112 49

29.81

SSW 3

.84 SSW 2

Chi Yuen, str., .22 39 Hohenzollern, str.,...22 20

115 35

.78 SE

114 50

.76

0 k.

Framnes, str.,

.19 21 112 10

.85

SE 4

Lord Brassey, bk.,

.19 15 113 59

var.

***

Hongkong, str.,...............22 4 Activ, str.,......

114

S 3 k.

.21 48

113 39

.76 SSE 3 k.

Azamor, str.,

Sishan, str.,...

Menmuir, str.,

18 59 112 13. .18 56 112 17 .17 41

.81

John Baizley, bk.,...21

148 59

30.00 ESE 3

.84 ESE 1

Ask, str.,

..20

106 41

29.67

117 17

Gartha, bk.....

16 11

109 0

.80 .76 SSE 2

var.

Zafiro, str.,....

.20

116 ...

...

.78

2 SE

Tsinan, str.,

19 0

116 26

.76

Kong Beng, str.,.

110 10

.79 var.

Picciola, str.,

15 15

110 8

.79

Sungkiang, str.,

14 36

120 57

.89

SE 3

Kitty, bk.,

.15

112 51

2222222 3 3 3 3 -

oq.

Loosok, str.,

12 37

109 35

.83 SE 1

Sungkiang, str.,.

.14 36

120 57

.84

SSE 3 crq.

Kitty, bk.,

Kutsang, str.,

11 50

12 31 112 1 110 49

NNW 4

0q.

Gartha, bk.,

14 25

109 55

.68

2 k.

.83 NW 3

ng.

Letimbro, str.,

.13 12

111 53

1 0.

Donar, str.,

.10 15

102 24

.89

var.

or.

Shantung, str.,

.12 50

109 34

.72

SW 2

Queen City, sch.,

9 37

110 0

.88

W 6

Azamor, str., -

11 40

109 42

.75 SSW 5

in.

Brindisi, str.,

8 29

106 52

.88

SW 2

Donar, str.,.

.10 19

108 36

.83 W 6 C.

Letimbro, str.,

7 5 107 6

June 22nd,

SE 2

Hertha, str.,

9 49

109 36

.79 SSW 4 org.

Queen City, sch.,

8 55

109 29

.84 WSW

...

oq.

Fram, str.,

43 24 135 5

29.74

SE 2

Loosok, str.,

8 12

104 18

.83 SW 4 oq.

Omba, str.,

41 22 141 34

.73

N 3

Arroyo, str.,

7 16

108 12

.81 WSW 5

China, str.,

.37 55 145 57

.62 SW 3

Kutsang, str.,...

5 20

107 10

.85 SW 5 org.

Teyi, str.,

.36 11

122 44

.79 WNW 2

Chingtu, str.,

4 21

123 38

.81 SW 3 C.

Ancona, str.,

.35 8

139 41

.59 SSW 3

Orestes, str.,

0 105 42

.89

SW 3 cp.

Velocity, bk., ..........

..33 45

147 33

Changsha, str.,

.32 43

126 43

Lawang, str.

........30 10

127 38

S 2 0. E 2 .83 WSW 5

June 24th.

Fram, str.,

48 18

141 20 29.84

زم

og.

Omba, str.,.

.34 55

140

.68 var.

4 org.

Herman Wedell Jarlsberg, str., 29

124 58

.81 SSW 4

Changsha, str.,

.34 40

135 11

Lyeemoon, str.,

.27 18

121 19

.76 SSW 5

Ancona, str.,

..34 40

135 11

.76 SE 2 .74 NE 3 0.

Siam, str.,

.27 8

124 50.

.71 SW 4

Gaelic, str.,

.34 40

135 11

Kwanglee, str.,

.27

121 2

.75 SW 3

Verona, str.,

.30 31

126 46

Ceylon, str.,..........

.25 21

119 59

.83 SSE 3

cin.

Teyi, str.,

Riojun Maru, str., ...25

121 45

.89 NE

Glenfarg, str.,

Hohenzollern, str., ...24 42

119 17

.82 SW 4

Afghan, str.,

Verona, str.,

.23 55

118 17

.85 S 2 .ki.

Lawang, str.,.

122 50 28 55

122 20 .28 22 123 16 .26 16 121 5

.78 ESE 3 0. .65 S 5 .55 SSW 4

.59 SSW 4

.65 SSW 4

.69 SW 3

Telamon, str.,

Lifoo, str.,

Sikh, str.,

Menmuir, str.,..........

John Baizley, bk., ...21

.23 53 118 25 .23 44 117 45 .22 28 115 28 ..21

.78 7 114 59 150 12

.31

.88 SW

Riojun Maru, str.,...25 8 Fushun, str.,

121 45

.69 SE

.24 59

119 29

.67 SSW 4

.83 SW

Chi Yuen, str., ......24 52

118 58

.71 SSW I

Herman Wedell Jarlsberg, str.,24 44

119 13

.61 SW 4

30.04 ESE

Siam, str.,

.23 5

117 I

.64 SW 3

Ask, str.,.

.......20 52

106 41 29.76

Java, str.,

.22 58

116 48

.65 SW 2

Lord Brassey, bk., ...20 39

113 40

Prinz Heinrich, str.,.22 35

115 46

.67 SW 1

Frejr, str.,

...20 35

107 18

.77 SW

John Baizley, bk.,.....21

147 46

30.02 ESE 3

Kong Beng, str.,.

.18 30

111 35

.81

་

Ask, str.,

.20 12

109 38

SE 2

Shangtung, str.,

...16 28

110 49

.78

var.

Norden, str.,

.20 10

109 30

29.66

Gartha, bk.,

.15 35

109 13

.76

Activ, str.,

..20 8

110 19

.68 var. 2

Amazor, str., ........

15 25

110 37

.78 WNW 3

Hongkong, str.,

.20 7

110 15

.70

SE 2 k.

Sungkiang, str.,

.14 36

120 57

.83 WSW 2

Picciola, str.,

.18 11

111 14

NW 2

Kitty, bk.,

.13 39

112 15

WSW 4

Kitty, bk.,

.16 46

113 50

oq.

Picciola, str.,

11 51

109 18

.85 SW

Letimbro, str.,

.15 56

114 29

Letimbro, str.,.......

.10 5

109 39

.85 SW 3

Sungkiang, str.,..............14 36

120 57

.83

SW 4

or.

Loosok, str.,

9 44

107 15

.86 SW

q•

Zafiro, str.,.....

.14 34

118 47

.70

SW 6 C.

Queen City, sch.,..... 9 29

109 31

.92 WSW 6

cq.

Donar, str......

..14 21

110 14

.72 WSW 3

Donar, str.,

Kutsang, str.,

Hertha, str.,

8 34 105 26 8 28 109 1 7 106 48

.92 SW 6 .82 SW .85 S 2

Hertha, str.,

ogr.

Gartha, bk.,

Loosok, str.,

Brindisi, str.,

4 35

105 40

.91 SSW 5

Arroyo, str.,

Arroyo, str.,...................

4 16

105 54

Chingtu, str.,

1 15

125 29

SW 4 .87 SSW 2

Shantung, str.,

cm.

Queen City, sch.,

...

June 23rd.

Amazor, str.,

Frani, str., Omba, str., Velocity, bk., Ancona, str., Changsha, str., Gaelic, str., Teyi, str... Kwanglee, str., Afghan, str.,

Ceylon, str.,........... Lawang, str.,

Fushun, str.,

45 55 137 57 .37 59

141.32

29.70 .76

Ingraban, str.,

13 51 13 42 109 46 11 4 101 51 .10 22 110 17 9 51 108 51 9 22 109 34 8 38 108 55 8 10

109 58

.69 SW 2

.68 var. 3

.83 SW

108 24

WSW 6 .78 SW 5 WSW 8 .81 WSW 5

var.

Wingsang, str.,

7 59

108 17

4 SW 3 op.

34 18 150 28 .33 50 135 7 .33 49 131 44 .33 48 132 29 .32 49 122 40 .31 9 121 59 .30 42 126 50 .29 57 122 37 .62 .29 47 123 41 .73

NW .74 NNW 4 .76 SE 4 .74 NE 3 .67 ESE 3 .63 .73

or.

Orestes, str.,

7 58

108 30

.83 WSW 4 orq.

Chingtu, str.,......... 7 36

121 48

.83 NE 2 C.

f. 0 f.

Foohng Suey, bk.,... 7 13 Benalder, str., Chunshan, str.,

108 0

.86 SSW 4

Ancona, str., 4 bm. Gaelic, str.,

.28

...

121 28

W .72 SW

cm.

Chi Yuen, str.,

Teyi, str.,

Telamon, str.,

.27 36

121 40.

Verona, str.,

27 13

Herman Wedell Jarlsberg, str.,27

122.30:

121.53

.77 SW 4 4 .73 SW

.76 SW: 6 k.

Java, str.,

.....

..25 54

119 55

.76 SSW 4 k.

Lawang, str.,

.....

Glenfarg str.........26 12 119 56 Afghan, str.,

...25 28 Riojun Maru, str.,...25 9 ..23 36

6 57 107 51 .... 6 23 103 34

Juue 25th.

29.77 S 2 .34 40 135 11 ..34 16 138 42 .78 ENE 4 omd.

7 .....27 26 121

.64 NNE 2 .57 ..27 11 121 16

.56

.91 SW

.80 WNW 3

or.

var.

2 b.

120 15

.59

121 45

.57 var.

or.

117 38

.63 SW 2

JUNE, 1895.

535

June 25th.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind.

Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For, ther.

Lat. North.

June 27th. Long.

Bar.

East.

Wea-

Wind. Dir. For. ther.

ins.

0-12

ins.

0-12

Fushun, str.,

.22° 48'

116° 4′

29.61

SW 2

Teyi, str.,

.22° 48′

116° 14′

29.71

SW 2

Herman Wedell Jarlsberg, str., 22

John Baizley, bk., ...21

Activ, str.,

.21 28

109

116 146 23 5

.54 30.04 29.62 WSW 2

SW 4 k.

Progress, str.,....

.20 58

113

S 2 k.

SE 3 ep.

Activ, str.,...

..20 37

109 30

.69

var. 3 0.

Frejr, str.,

.20 32

111 25

SE 3

Norden, str.,

.21 22

113 26

.58 WSW 2

Orestes, str.,

..20 6

113 48

.78

S 1 k.

Picciola, str.,

.21 0

113 16

SW 2

Wingsang, str.,

.19 41

113 51

.73

Glenogle, str.,.................

20 46

116

.62

W 5

Ingraban, str.,

......19 0

112

Hongkong, str., ......20 43

106 47

.66

Java, str.,

..18 27

113 37

var. I k.

Frejr, str.,

.20 14

109 21

.61 SSE 3

Arroyo, str.,

.18 19 119 12

.71

Ask, str.,

..20

110 20

.56 NNW 2

Chingtu, str.,

17 48

117 11

.71

var.

Letimbro, str.

19 31

114 8

.70

W 3

Glenfruin, str.,

.16 56

113 13

.72

Kitty, bk.,

.18 14 113 35

WSW 2

Benalder, str.,

.16 54

113 18

.70 SW 2

Donar, str.,

.17 57

111 29

.64

SW 2

Amigo, str.,

.16 42

110 14

.67 SSW 3

OHN N N CO

4 p. 2 cmpq.

2 k.

Hertha, str.,

17 35

111 13

.65

SE 2

Prinz Heinrich, str., 16

110 28

.69 SSW 1

Gartha, bk.,...........

12 45

110 18

.64

SW 3

Sungkiang, str........ 16

119

.80 SSW 4 cp.

Orestes, str.,

.11 44

111 21

.71

SW 6

Phra Nang, str., ...15 13

110

,66 SW

Wingsang, str.,

11 40

111 7

W 5

Ingraban, str.,

11 31

109 20

WSW 5

Chingtu, str.,

11 25

121 21

.77

Benalder, str.,.........10 16

109 49

.82

Chunshan, 'str.,

•

9 58

102 16

SW 6 SW 5 .78 WSW 5 orq.

og.

Esmeralda, str........15 Catherine Apear, str., 14 42 Foohng Suey, bk.,...14 24 Queen City, sch., ...14 Rosetta, str.,

119 3

.78 S 5

112 33

.71 SW

6 0.

112 24

.67 SW

112 34

12 51

111 41

.77 SSW 8 .78 WSW 6

or. b.

eq.

Queen City, sch., 9 34

109 32

W 8

Foohng Suey, bk., ... 9

109 56.

...

SW 4

Glenfruin, str.,................

8 53

109 25

.79

SW 6

op.

Tai Cheong, str., ...12 39 Glenogle, str., ......12 26 Devawongse, str., .....11

111 33

.78 SW

6 og.

111 17

.79 SW

108 55

.78 SW 4 08

Shantung, str.,

7 17

107 24

.78

Tai Cheong, str........ 5 50

107 10

Azamor, str.,

5 44

106 54

Rosetta, str.,

4 27

106 5

Τη

SW 5 oq. SW 3 .83 SW 3 .87

Gartha, bk.,

9 55

112 3

.80 SW 6 orq.

Japan, str.,...................

9 1

109 22

.84 SW 5 0.

Memnon, str.,..

7 56

118 59

.82

S 2 C.

4 oq.

Tsinan, str.,

3 49

124 1

.87

SSE 2

June 26th.

June 28th.

Verona, str.,....

..33 51

130 15

Ancona, str.,

.33 45

131 53

Chi Yuen, str.,

..28 52

121 55

Riojun Maru, str., ...25

121 45

.69

29.72

5 .78 NNE 4 .66 NW 2 NE 1

Verona, str.,

....34

135 11

29.82

or.

Glenesk, str.......................34 0

135 0

.90

var.

2 k.

Teyi, str.,...................

24 32

119

.65

Cromarty, str.,..

.23 14

117 7

SE 2

Afghan, str., .....

.22 50

116 57

.66

SW 2

John Baizley, bk., ...22 49

145 30

30.04

ESE 3

Tejen, str.,

.22 29

115 15

S 3

Ask, str.,...................

.21 41

113 24

29.62 SSW 2

Activ, str.,

.........21 29

109 5

.65 SW .2

Prinz Heinrich, str., .21

113 35

.64 SW 4

k. Ancona, str.,

30 17 Fooksang, str., 0.

...........28 16 Tejen, str.,....... ..26 51 Kwanglee, str., ......26 14 Riojun Maru, str.,...25 9 John Baizley, bk.,...24 44 Nanyang, str., ..............24 17 Arroyo, str., ...................21 47 Framnes, str.,.. .21 46 Glenfruin, str., ......21 30

126 41

.81 ENE 2

121 45 120 56 120 31 121 45 143 35 118 45 121 0 113 54

.80 NE 3

.84 NNE 4 .77

NE 2

.79 NNE 2 C.

30.03 SE 1 orq.

ند.

114 3

29.77 NNE 4

.71 ENE 4 0. .70

var. 2 2 .73 NE

Douar, str.,

113 34

.66 W 3

Chingtu, str.,.......................21 8

114 58

.70 NNE 2

Hertha, str.,...

.21 0

113 23

.66

var.

Kitty, bk.,

19 52

113 42

WSW 2

Benalder, str., ......20 55 Activ, str.,

113 58

.71 N

.20

110 20

.69 E

نن

Amigo, str.,....

.19 44

112 40

.65 SW 4

Phra Nang, str.,

...18 58

112

.71 SW 4

Catherine Apear, str.,18 39

114 6

.69 SSW 4 k.

Esmeralda, str.,......19 26 Sungkiang, str.,.. .19 25 Rosetta, str.,

116 26

.17 13

116 34 113 30

.73

var. 3 74 NW 3 .72 W 2 CV.

org.

cp.

Progress, str.,

.18

110 6

Glenogle, str.,.

.16 34

Ingraban, str.,.............

Arroyo, str.,

.15 34

113 46 15 35 110 17 116 18

N 1 75 SW 2

Queen City, sch., ...16

113 32

Fooling Suey, bk...........16 4

113 25

.64 N

W WSW 3

Devawongse, str., ...14 53

110 7

.73 SW

•

Java, str.,

.14 19

112 23

.76 SW

Orestes, str., ....

Wingsang, str.,

...15 33 ......15 25

113 37

113 15

Sungkiang, str., ......14 36 Chingtu, str., .......................14 26 Benalder, str.,.........13 35 Glenfruin, str.,

120 57

.68 .67 SW .85 S

SSW 2 k.

Amigo, str.,

109 26

.69 SW

Japan, str........

.12 59

or.

Memnon, str.,................

119 14

.75 SW

5 ourq.

Phra Nang, str., ...11 27

111 53 .11 41 119 53 109 6

.67 SW 5 .74 SW 4 orq.

نہ نیٹہ

111 54

.72 SW 5

.12 47

111 50

.74 SW 5

Prinz Heinrich, str.,.11 10 Catherine Apcar, str.,11

110 6

110 46

.66 SW 4 .73 SW 6 .73 SW 8 org.

Queen City, sch.,... .11 55

110 48

.77 SW 8

Gartha, bk.,

9 3

112 36

.78 SW 6 orq.

Foobng Suey, bk.,...11 49

111 42

.74 SSW 5

Glenogle, str.,

8 29

109 20

.86 SW 4 0.

Gartha, bk.,..............................10

112 18

.76 SW 6

Machew, str.,...................

8 27

104 41

Tai Cheong, str.,.............

Devawongse, str., 8 29 105 33

9 20

108 52

.83 WSW 6

Yarra, str.,...............

105 50

.89

W S

or.

...

Rosetta, str.,

Tsinan, str.,...

Japan, str.,

Shantung, str.,

Glenesk, str.,

Verona, str.,

8 26 108 54 7 30 121 58 5 4 106 28 4 8 105 45

June 27th. .34 48 139 3 .34 23

.84

3 var. .89 WSW 5 ouq.Tsinan, str.,

Bayern, str.,

4 50 0 22

.84 S 4 C. .88 S .86

Verona, str.,

34 40

Pallas, str.,................

.33 26

106 18 126 23 June 29th.

135 11 129 34

.97 SSE 3 .88 S

234

29.85

0 k.

Maria Valeria, str.,...32

133 1

.89. ENE 2 .86

var.

or.

Telamon, str.,

122 51

.82 SE 3

Ancona, str.,

.32 45

133 50 29.60 129 50

...

or.

Tejen, str,

.29 41

122 47

.81 SE

.68 N 4

Ancona, str.,

.27 6

122 40

.87 SE

Kwanglee, str., ......30 25

Chi Yuen, str.,

Nanyang, str.,.........27 30

Riojun Maru, str., ...25 9 Fooksang, str.,

...31 8

122 1

.85 ENE 2

John Baizley, bk.,...25 22

143 18

.96 var.

orqil.

122 33

.80 NE 3

in.

Riojun Maru, str.,........25

121 45

75 SSE 2 C.

121 22

.81 ENE 2

Arroyo, str.,

23 49

123 57

71 NE 4 0.

121 45

.80

cr.

Menmuir, str.,

..23 46

118 6

73 NE 5

Cromarty, str.,................ Tejen, str., John Baizley, bk., .....24

..24 51 .24 28 .24 14 118 35

119 24 118

.76 NE

Glenfarg, str.,

..23 20

117 27

73 NW 2

NW 2

...

Kwanglee, str.,

75 NE 2

Nanyang, str.,

144 44 30.06 ESE 2

Ask, str.,

...23

...22 21 114 51 .22 5 113 52

117 8

.70

.71

3 crq.

.67

4 org.

536

JUNE, 1895.

June 29th.

Vessel.

Lat.

Long. Bar,

North. East..

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

June 30th. Long.

Bar.

East.

ins.

0-12

ins.

Rosetta, str., Lawang, str., Activ, str.,

China, str., ****

........21° 58′ 114° 0′ 29.68

.21 21 113 35 .20 38 111 24 .19 47 112 15

E 5 ogq.

Jolin Baizley, bk.,...25° 29′

142° 57′

29.91

.66

ENE 6 cgr.

.65

NE 2 oq.

Herman Wedell Jarlsberg, str.25 29 Riojun Maru, str.,...25 9

120 13

121 45

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

0-12

var. 1 orqtl.

54 ENE 4

.65 NNW 2 C.

.65

E 2 C.

Arroyo, str., .........24 48

126 23

ESE 9

Tai Cheong, str., Devawongse str., Framnes, str., ....... .18 Japan, str.,

...19 43 113 47

.63

NE 3 ogr.

...18 34

111 45

.63

111 50

.17 12

113 22

NW 5 orq. .62 NNW 3 C. .63 W 4 org.

Foohng Suey, bk., ...17 12

113 55

NW 6 orq.

Ancona, str., Orestes, str., Lyeemoon, str., Bygdo, str., Frejr, str.,

Memnon, str.,

.14 53

118 16

Lina, bk.,

.11 37

100.50

Java, str.,

.10 38 110 20

.70

.65 SW 4 C.

SW 3 SW 6

Wuotan, str.,

.........24 9

23 36 118 0 .23 19 116 5 .22 20 115 10

22 2

118 40

.58 NE 4

.64 NNE 3

.62

...

.62 ESE 5

113 53

.62 ESE 5

117

.62 ENE

Yarra, str.,

.10 23

107 3

.78

W 3

Amigo, str.,

.10 4

107 43

.73 SW 6

Activ, str.,............. .21 55 Devawongse, str.,...21 28 Japan, str.,......................... .21.24 Sishan, str.,

113 40

.62 ENE

112 57

.60 E

¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿

113 49

.21 11

115 2

.59 E 5 k. .60 ESE 4 orq.

Bayeru, str.,

Gartha, bk.,

9 5 9 5 112 31

109 21

.88 WSW 4

Hongkong, str.,......20 34

111 24

.56 NE 5 or.

.76 SW Gorg.

Ask, str.,

.20 16

110 59

Phra Nang, str.,

8 53

106 31

.74 WSW 3

Picciola, str.,

19 29

112 6

.46 ENE 4 m. .56 ENE 5 orq.

Catherine Apcar, str.,

7 42

108 40

.73 SW 6

Fooling Suey, bk.....18

114 10

op.

Prinz Heinrich, str.,.

6 27

107 36

.82 WSW 4

Memnon, str.,...

.18 34

116 37

.61

Glenogle, str.,...

4 39

106 48

.89 SW 2

Lawang, str.,

.17 45

111 15

.59 W 6 ogr..

June 30th.

China, str.,....

.16 0

110 12

.60 W 5

or.

Framues, str.,

Gaelic, str.,

Verona, str.,

.37 34 145 30 .34 38 138 59

29.98 NNE 3

Machew, str.,.

Rubens, str.,

Changsha, str.,

33 55 129 48 ..33 49 131 29

.82. E 4 WSW 2

Bayern, str.,

Gartha, bk.,

9 37

2 110 10 13 59 109 58 13 26 112 19 111 52

.63 WNW 2

W 4 0.

.73 SW 4 olq.

.72 SW 7

org.

.80 NE 2

or.

Phra Nang, str.,

9 22

103 17

.73 WSW 3

Tejen, str.,

.33. 35

123 8

.73

S 1

Mongkut, str.,

9 8

103 32

.75 WSW 5

Telamon, str.,

.33 7

127 42

.81

Lina, bk., ......

8 57

101 22

.77 WSW 5

Peiyang, str., .....................31 15

121 48

.60 S 4

Amigo, str.,

8 22

104 51

.75 WSW 5

Maria Valeria, str.,...30 9 Menmuir, str...........26 45

129 20

.80 SSE 3

Java, str.,

7 14

108 25

.78 SW 5

120 24

.69 NE 5

Catherine A pear, str., 4 8

106 11

.78 WSW 4

JULY, 1895.

July 1st.

July 2nd.

Gaelic, str.,

.40° 16′ 151° 22′

Omba, str., Belgic, str., Changsha, str., Telamon, str., Glenesk, str.,

Pallas, str.,

..38 17 141 36 ..35 17 141 22 .33 58 130 56 .33 58 130 56 .33 48 131 34 .31 51 128 54

29.96 ENE 3 C.

.93 ENE 4 .71 ESE 4 .78 NNE 1 .72 NE 2

or.

Pallas, str., John Baizley, bk.....26 33 Maria Valeria, str.,.26 24

.29° 31'

125° 32′ 142 16

121 23

29.56 WNW 3 30.00 NE 3 k. 29.60

W 7 Q..

od.

Peiyang str.,

.26

120 42

.63

SW 4 C.

Arroyo, str.,

.26 5

130 23

W 4

or.

Bygdo, str.,

.25 37

120 11

.66 SSW 4

.63

Riojun Maru, str.,...25

121 45

.68 WSW 3

Rubens, str.,

.31 39

126 0

ESE 2

Chingtu, str.,.........22 34

115 34

var. 2

City of Peking, str.,

.31 1

127 38

.58 E 2

Ask, str.,

.20 52

106 41

.46 WNW 3

cp.

Peiyang, str.,

29 15

122 30

.76 NNW 2

Machew, str.,...

.20 59

113 31

Maria Valeria, str.,...28

125 19

.43 NE 6

orq.

Hanoi, str.,..

Herman Wedell Jarlsberg, str,28 13

123 45

.54 NE 4

Wuotan, str.,

...

Orestes, str., .........27

121 11

.61 WSW 3

Sishan, str.,

Lyeemoon, str., ......26 55

120 35

.59 SW 3

Strathavon, str.,

John Baizley, bk., ...25 38

142 35

.92

var. 1

Yarra, str.,...................

Arroyo, str.,............25

127 14

Riojun Maru, str., ...25

121 45

.62

W 4 c.

Picciola, str., Lawang, str.,.

Bygdo, str.,

..24

Foohng Suey, bk., ...21

118 3 114

...

.59

ENE 1 SSE 3

Chunshan, str.,

...10 31

20 30 111 20 18

112 6 .16 55 110 45 .15 15. 110 37 14 44 110 21 .14 4 110 30 11 32 109 11 102 12

SSW 5

C..

.74 SE 4 .66 S 2 .67 SSW 3 k. .71 SW 4 0. .73 SSW 3 b. .74 SSW 4 b. .72 SSW 7

.78 SW 4

Ask, str..............

Frejr, str.,

Sishan, str., ... ....

...

....

.20.26 107 30 .20 10 110 43 .18 54 112 43

Bayern, str.,... ........18 17 113 21

pq.

Framnes, str.,........................... 9 22

106 36

.83 SSW 3

op.

Machew, str.,

.....17 54 111 26

.45 N 3 0. .47 N

3 orq. .53 SSE 5 oq. .68 SSW 4

Gartha, bk.,

9 21

111 31

.80

4 cq.

Lina, bk.,

7 21

107 33

.84

Orient, bk............

...

Serrano, bk.,

Picciola, str.,

.16 37

110 38

Lawang, str.,

..14 21

110 20

China, str., ........................ .12 16

109 20

.61 .66 SSW 6 .65

orq.

Arratoon Apcar, str., 4 20

3 53 105 49 3 10 106 4

July 3rd.

111 9

.83

.82 S

.86 SW

Belgic, str.,

Strathavon, str.,

12 3

109 20

Framnes, str.,

.11 42

109 15

.76 W 4 orq. .69 S 5 C.

Amigo, str.,

Gartha, bk....

Mongkut, str.,...

Lina, bk.,..

Java, str.,

Orient, bk.,

Omba, str.,

Belgic, str.,

Telamon, str.,

Orestes, str.,

.10 19 102 34 .10 8 111 24 9.29 107 5 7 40 104 17 3 38 105 44 2. 45 105 2

July 2nd. .41 43 141 2 30.01 ENE 3 k. .35 25 139 39 29.81 N 2 or. .33 58 130 56 .63 ENE 2 ...30 58 122 13 .54 SW 2

.74 WSW 5 .72 SW 6

cq. .76 WSW 5

orq. 77 SW 5 k. .82 S 3 k. .82 WSW 5 om.

....................35 25 City of Peking, str.,.33 50 Changsha, str., ..32 2 Belmont, bk...........29 12 Bygdo, str.,

139 39 131 19

126 58

122 59

29.44 NW 3

.41 NW 2 .54 W 4 0.

SW 1

or.

.29 10

John Baizley, bk.,...28 38

122 30 141 2

.62 N 1 .72 SW 5

Arroyo, str.,

..27 48

131 39

W 4 op-

Chi Yuen, str.,

.27 37

Rubens, str.,

27 30

Pallas, str.,...

.27 12

Chi Yuen, str., ......30 48

122 11

Lyeemoon, str., ....30 43

122 20

Rubens, str.,...........................

.29 59

125 0

.60 SSW 3 .51 SW 3 0. SW 2 k.

Riojun Maru, str.,...25 Chingtu, str...........24 53 Maria Valeria, str., .24 9 Peiyang, str...........23 42 Sungkiang, str........22 36 Activ, str., Letimbro, str., ......21. 32 Ask, str.,

121 12 122 56 122 29 121 45

...

119 29

.68 SW 2 0. SW 6 .68 WSW 4 .71 WSW 2 .72 SW 3

..21 50

118 37 118 0 115 31 113 33 113 49 106 41

.68 SW 5 0..

.69 SSW 3 .76 S 3 c. .72 SSW 5 opy. .71 SE 5 .54 SW 3.

نننن

JULY, 1895.

537

Vessel.

Lat. North.

July 3rd. Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

July 5th.

Long,

Bar.

East.

ins.

0-12

ins.

Frejr, str.,

...20° 40′

107° 28′

Kong Beng, str.,..............20 19

115 15

29.58 .81

SSW 6 b.

Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 15° 10′

116° 27′

Wea-

Wind. Dir. For, ther.

0-12

S 4

SW 5 k.

Kong Beng, str., ...14 40

112 0

29.84 SSW 5

Yarra, str.,

.20 0

112 40

.74: S 4

Chunshan, str.,

..14 40

110 4

.74 S

Cromarty, str.,

...

Donar, str.,

.19 45 113 53 19 24 112 16

.74 SW

Donar, str.........

..13 17

109 41

.81 S 4

.74

Cromarty, str.,

12 53 111 58

.80

S 3 k.

Strathavon, str.,

.18. 15 111 55

.81

Lina, bk.,

12 48

112 44

.85 SW 5

Wuotan, str.,

Sishan, str.,................

Picciola, str.,

.16

111

.74

3 C.

Holstein, str.,.

.12 11

109 24

.79 S 2 k.

.13 57

109.49

.75 S 3

Wnotan, str.,..........

.10 ...

110 6

.83 SSW 2

11 45 109 17

.80 SSW 4

Gartha, bk.,

8 34 111 3

منہ نہ نہ نہ نہ نیہ

.80

SSW 3 k.

Gartha, bk..............

9 59 109 32

.78

SSW 4

Orient, bk.........

6 29

108 2

.82 SW 2 k.

Lina, bk.,........

9 4

109 31

.84

SW 3

Serrano, bk.,

5 32

110 38

.83

W 1 k.

Framnes, str.,......................

8 43

104 5

.84

SW 3

Airlie, str.,.

8 55

124 22

.97

S 1

Chunshan, str.,

8 17

105 25

.84 SW 4

Lawang, str.,......... 1

104 9

.85

Lawang, str.,

8 11

107 42

.83 SSW 4

July 6th.

Arratoon Apcar, str., 8

108 38

.86 SE

Empress of Japan, str...39

143 41

29.74

SW 1

Orient, bk..

4 59

107 4

.85 SSE 2

John Baizley, bk.....35 48

141 39

.76

Serrano, bk.,

4 42

110 42

.86 SW 2

Verona, str.,

.35

139 41

.66 N 1 k.

July 4th.

Telamon, str.,

.34 40

135 11

.79 WSW 2

ს.

Telamon, str.,

.34 40

185 11

29.52 WSW 3

Menmuir, str.,

.33 43

130 O

.79 var. 2

Belgic, str.,...

.34 26

138 37

.40 WSW 5

Glenesk, str.,.........32 37

126 40

NE 4

John Baizley, bk., ...31 42

140 38

.64 SW 5.

Belgic, str.,

.31 43

129 37

.69 NNW 3

Arroyo, str.,....

.31 12

132 36

.61

W 4

Bygdo, str.,....

.80 46

122 11

.58

Ernest Simons, str.,.31 23 Hohenzollern, str.,...27 38

121 36

77 SE 2

125 59

.74

Menmuir, str.,

..30 44

125 51

.62

var. 1

Belmont, bk.,

.26 40

122 57

SW 4

Changsha, str.,

.28 46

123 11

.63

NW 4

Riojun Maru, str.,...26 18

122

.79

NW 3

or.

Chingtu, str.,

..28 22 122 4

.73

W 4 org.

Ancona, str.,

.24 6

118 31

SW 3 C.

Belmont, bk.,

27 32 123 26

WSW 4

Teyi, str.,

.23 23

117 43

.78

SSW 1 k.

Rubens, str.,

.25 54

121 3

.72

SW 9

Changsha, str.,

.22 46 116 10

SW 4 op.

Chi Yuen, str.,

.25 26

120 0

.71

SW 4

Rubens, str.,

.22 40

116 30

SW 4 0.

Pallas, str.,

..25 20

120 4

.68 SW 5 0.

Activ, str.,...

.21 21

109 5

.76

var. 1

Riojun Maru, str., ...25

121 45

.69 SW 3

Ask, str.,

.20 30

111 24

.73

Hohenzollern, str., ...22 32

115 40

Bayern, str.,

.22 31

115 88

.69 W 5 .72 SW 5

ogr.

or.

Frejr, str.,

.20 10

110 0

Progress, str.,..

.20 5

110 20

Maria Valeria, str.,...22 31

115 21

Peiyang, str.,

.22 19

114 50

.70 SW 4 orq. .73 WNW 3 orq.

Hongkong, str.,......20

110 20

Arratoon Apcar, str.,19 30

113 33.

Esmeralda, str., ..............20 54

115 13

.75 SW 3 0.

Zafiro, str.,...

Strathavon, str.,

..20·53

113 44

Ask, str.,.....

..20 52

106 41

Activ, str.,

.20 5

111 22

.71

Glenfarg, str...........19 10

113 48

.73 var. .58 S 1 C. S 4 0. .77 SSW 5

3 org.

Letimbro, str.,,

19 4

112 8

SE 3

Kong Beng, str...

.17 22

113 38

.82 SSW 4

Donar, str.,

.16 42

110 27

.76 S 5

Letimbro, str.,

Chunshan, str.,

Sungkiang, str........17 47 Yuensang, str., 16 9 Holstein, str.,................ 15 46 Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,15 32 Lina, bk.,

14 53 113 44 13 I 110 12

19 18 17

116

or.

SE 2 m.

7 WNW 6 orq.

SW 2

...

.74 SW 3 k. .77 SI

.81 SW 5 C.

111 31

.78 SW 4

119 37

.90

SSW 4 C.

118 47

.87

0 b.

110 28

.78

SSE

...

.83 SW

Cromarty, str., ...

16 19

113 14

.77 SSW 5

Glenfarg, str.,

11 44 111 4

.85

Wuotan, str., ..... .13

111 ...

SSW 4

Kong Beng, str.,

...11

Arratoon Apcar, str.,.11

111 20

.82 SW

Donar, str.,

Framnes, str.,

.11 15

101 25

.84 W 3

Gartha, bk.,

Sishan, str.,.............

.10 59

108 26

.79 SW 2

Airlie, str.,.....

5 110 52 .10 15 107 54 8 33 110 25 7 16 121 53

.81

.84 SW

.80

.86 var.

1 orq.

Chunshan, str.,

.10 51

108 35

WSW 4

Wnotan, str.,

Lina, bk.,..........

་ད ་ ་

Gartha, bk.,

Orient, bk.,

Serrano, bk.,

Lawang, str.,

.10 45 111 26 8 55 111 22 5 47 107 38· 5 8 110.40 4 40 106. 4

July 5th.

.80 SW 5

Orient, bk.......

... 108 6255

.79 SW

1 ed.

108 34

.81

.80 SSW 4

Serrano, bk.,

5 36

110 38

.81

U org.

.85 SW 2 orq. .86 WSW 1 .80

Mascotte, str.,

4 32

105 49

.86

4 crq.

July 7th.

Tacoma, str., .......................38 48

147 28

29.73 SSW 3 b.

Telamon, str.,

.34 40

135 11

City of Peking, str.,.34 26

138 48

Arroyo, str.,

.34 17

135 0

29.65 WSW 3 .60 SW 2

NE 3

John Baizley, bk., ...34 13

139 42

.64 SW 4 0.

Belgic, str.,

32 23

134 3

Belmont, bk.,

.27 13

122 48

.56 SW 4 ep. ENE 2

John Baizley, bk.....36 10 Empress of Japan, str.,.34 56 Verona, str., Telamon, str.,. Orestes, str., Belgic, str....

141 31

140 3

.82 .82 NE 2 0.

NE 1

...

..34 3

Hohenzollern, str.,.....31

135 1 .33 37 135 15 .32 57 126 36 .31 44 128 26

.77 N 4 WSW 2 .85 N

2: 6 4 2 ö

.73 NE 2

131 0

Bayern, str.,

.25.53

120 16

.70 NE 4 or.

Hohenzollern, str., ...25 22

120 34

.64 SSW 5

Changsha, str., ......25 19

120 0

Riojun Maru, str., ...25

Rabens, str.,

Chi Yuen, str.,

Pallas, str.,

Sungkiang, str.,

Progress, str.,

121 45 ..24 29 118 52 .23 32 117 42 .23 8 117 20 .21 37 119 21 .21 34 113 13

.70 SW 4 .70

or.

0 SW 6 .78 SW 2 .70 SW 4 .78 SW 6

Riojun Maru, str., 30 55 Herman Wedell Jarlsberg, str..30 21 Ceylon, str., ...... 28 3 Ancona, str., Ernest Simous, str.,.26 44 Belmont, bk.,. .26 24 121 16

123 15

.76 N .78 NE

op.

126 19

or.

121 50

.73 N 3 or.

.27 16

122 30

.75

SW 3

121 6

.70

SE 2

SW 6

Teyi, str.,

Kwauglee, str.,

71 SW 5

or.

Activ, str.,

.21 22

109 4

72 NNW 3

op.

Hongkong, str., ..20 12

111 15,

.70 SW 4

or.

Ask, str........

.20 7

110 9

Letimbro, str.,.........16 21

110 18

Zafiro, str.,

Esmeralda, str., ...16 20 118 40

Arratoon Apear, str.,.15 41 Glenfarg, str.,..

..16 ... 119

15 20

113 6 113 16

.68 NE 1 .71 SSE 3 k. .82 SW 3 kpq. .84 SW 3 b. .80 SW .83 S 6

.26 4 ......23 28 Chunshan, str., ......21 36 Activ, str.,...................... .21 29 Devawongse, str., ...21 4 Tai Cheong, str., ..20 51 Rubens, str.,

120 32

.76 SSW 5

op.

117 41

.80 SSW 3

113 47

.80 SSE 1

109

.79 var. 1

oq-

.20 88

| Frejr, str.,

.20 28

115 0 115 46 113 53 111 18

.84 SW 4

.86 SSW 2

.79 SW 6 k.

.84

Hongkong, str.,......20 12 Yuensang, str., .19 25 Holstein, str.,.........................19 0

109 34

.76

116 18

.86

111 52

.84 S

10A 1O CTO

2222

538

JULY, 1895.

July 7th.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. Bar. Last.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

July 9th. Long. East.

Bar.

Lina, bk..........

16° 43′

113° 39′

ins. 29.86

0-12

ins.

Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,. 15

112 18

Sungkiang, str.,

14 36

120 57

.91

Airlie, str., ....

11 28

121 16

.85 var.

22 3 3

Loosók, str.,

11 0

101 53

.82 SW

op.

Letimbro, str.,

......10 16

108 53

.81 S 2

Donar, str.,

8 33

104 34

.90

SW 6

Glenfarg, str., • • • • •

8 26

108 54

.88

Kong Beng, str........

8 18

108 33

.85 S

Gartha, bk.,

7 55

Mascotte, str.,

109 33 7 45 107 2

SSE 2

.83

W 2 c.

Orient, bk.................

Serrano, bk.,

Cromarty, str.,

7 40 108 45

.81

var.

•

6 10

109 38

.83 S 2 org.

6 9

107·10

.80 SSW 2 kc.

Wuotan, str.,

4 49

106 ...

.87

• NONNNajama

or.

Picciola, str.,

Rubens, str., ..... .15 32 Devawongse, str., ...15 13 Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 14 36 Sungkiang, str.,... 14 35 Mascotte, str., ......14 30 Tai Cheong, str., ...13 50 Oopack, str., .........13 11 Chelydra, str.,

15° 41′

110° 24′

29.82

109 12

110 13 109 11 120 57 110 15

Wind. Wea-

Dir. For. ther.

.80 S .86 S

var.

0-12

.91 SW 2 C.

4242

.85

S 3 C.

111 49

112 3

.89

..10 58

10 58

110 26

.88 var. 1

Loosok, str.,

.10 26

108 6

Orient, bk...................

9 41

109 47

.84 SSW 2 k. .84 S 6 orq.

SAMASS ¦ SMA

...

orq.

Kaisar-i-Hind, str.,

8 46

109 11

.81

2 orq.

Serrano, bk.,

7 51

110 0

.81 SW 5 orq.

Gartha, bk.,

7. 21

109 22

.84

S 2 0q.

S 2 0.

Letimbro, str.,

4 11

105 55

.83

SSE 2 or.

Chelydra, str.,

3 23 105 29

July 8th.

.87

SW 1 k.

Lyndhurst, sh.,

3 51 105 4

W 5 orq.

Kong Beng, str.,

1 38

104 30

.85

W 4 oq.

Omba, str.,

.40 7 142 1

29.82

John Baizley, bk., ...36 Tacoma, str., ...... .36 17 Telamon, str., .........35 25 Riojun Maru, str., .....35 Empress of Japan, str., 35 24

141 35

NW 3 .82 NNW 1

k. k.

July 10th.

Riojun Maru, str.,...38

121 51

29.91

142 40

.74 NNW 4

John Baizley, bk.,...37 49

141 33

.92

139 39

.85 NE 3

cp.

Teyi, str.,

.36 1

122 55

.96 NE

123 13

.87 W 1

ს.

Yarra, str.,........

.34 40

135 11

.80

...

139 42

.82 NE 4 op.

City of Peking, str., 34

157 55

City of Peking, str.,.35

145 17

.74

var. 1 C.

Empress of India, str.,.34 21

135 1

.90 E .82 NE

Menmuir, str.,

.34 40

135 12

.84

var.

2 k.

Verona, str.,

.33 50

131 20

.79 NE

Verona, str.,

.34 40

135 12

.77

Tacoma, str.,

.33 46

136 30

Hohenzollern, str., ...33 48

137 5

.70 ENE 3

Empress of Japan, str.,.33 45

131 51

.80 .85 NE

22-2010 NO

Yarra, str.,

32 39

131 24

.79 NE 4

Ancona, str.,

Teyi, str.,

Belgic, str.,

Lifoo, str.,

.30 5 126 13 .28 55 122 23 .28 36 123 54 .28 15

.82 NNE 2

k. NE 2 k.

Tejen, str.,.......... .32 10 Ethiope, str.,

123 20

.94 ESE 3

..28 27

122 49

.78 NE 2

Lyeemoon, str., ......27 56 121 36

.84

NE 3 C.

122 0

.87

Jerman Wedell Jarlsberg, str. 28

123 22

.86

W 1

NW 4 or.

Belmont, bk.,.........24 57 Herman Wedell Jarlsberg, str. 23 27

120 1

117 38

SSW 4 SW 3

Belgic, str.,..

.22 32

115 29

.71

SW 3

Kwanglee, str., ......26 58

120 55

.82

NE 3

Belmont, bk.,

..26 6

120 59

NE 2

Ernest Simons, str., .23

117 20

.82 ESE 2

Ethiope, str.,

.23

117 46

.80

Hongkong, str., ......20

106 41

.80

W 3

Activ, str.,

5 · 110 20

.82

var.

Devawongse, str., ...18

30 112 8

.88

SSW 4

Lina, bk.,

..18 10

113 52

.83

S 3

Rubens, str.,

.18 6

111 38

.86

SW 4

Tai Cheong, str.,

...17 25

113 52

.91

SW 2

Airlie, str.,

15 23

118 51

.87 NE 2

Wm. le Lacheur, bk.;. 15

110 59

Sungkiang, str.,...

.14 35

120 57

S .93 NW 2

Picciola, str.,

.11 58

109 20

Mascotte, str.,..

.Il 1

109 7

.84 E 3 .89

Oopack, str.,

Loosok, str.,

9 0 8 26

Orient, bk.,

109 30 104 46 8 24 109 16

.86 NE 2

.90

.85 SE

Gartha, bk......

7 51

109 24

Letimbro, str.,

7 20

107 28

01420ONCN - O-

Chelydra, str......

6 54

108 0

.90 SSE 1

Serrano, bk.,

6 49

109 48

S 2

Kong Beng, str.,

5 8

106 40

Glenfarg, str.,

106 33 Kaisar-i-Hind, str.,... 4 41 106 24

July 9th.

Riojun Maru, str., ...38

John Baizley, bk., ...37 2

4 52

.85 SW 2 .88 SSW 2 .87 N 2 orq.

op.

Omba, str.,

Tejen, str.,

City of Peking, str.,.34 51 Verona, str.,

121 52 29.86 141 36 ..36 36 141 13 .35 36 122 54 151 41

SE 2

.92 ENE 4

.87 WSW 3 .95

.78 NNE 2

..34 40

135 11

.80 E 3

Empress of Japan, str., .34 40

Menmuir, str.,.

Yarra, str.,

Teyi, str.,

Kwanglee, str., ......30 43

135 11 .34 40 135 11 .34 3 130 38 ...32 13 123 6 122 18

.87 SE 2

ه نده شدند نه مخه نه دنده دن خ خه نده شدند دی : نه: نمدی

Frejr, str.,

.21 58

113 52

.80 SW 4

Picciola, str.,

Mascotte, str.,

Oopack, str., ............. ....17 33 Win. le Lacheur, bk., 14 42 Sungkiang, str.,......14 35 Chelydra, str., .14 29 Loosok, str.,

.18 49

111 47

.79 S

18 2

111 28

.83 $

113 30

.84 SE

109 38

var. 5

120 57

.87 var. 2

112 44

.85 S 1

14 13

110 8

.83 SW 1

Kaisar-i-Hind, str.,.13

Rubens, str.,

Serrano, bk.,

Gartha, bk.,

Lyndhurst, sh.,

Amigo, str.,

Devawongse, str.,...11 37

Orient, bk..............11 27 110 8 Tai Cheong, str., ...10 21 109 56 9 35 110 10 5 55 110 12 5 3 106 30

July 11th.

112 0 .12 22

109 38 12 16 101 10 .11 37 109 13

.79 SW 2

SSW 2

.78 SW 3

.81 S 4

,82 WSW 5

.86 SW 3

81 SW 4

.88 SSW 3 orp.

...

NW 4

John Baizley, bk.,...39 Riojun Maru, str.,...35 36. Empress of India, str., .34 45 Ancona, str., .........34 37 City of Peking, str.,.33 56 Yarra, str.,.................. .33 33

3 Tacoma, str., .........33 Strathleven, str., ...31 13 Ethiope, str.,

.30 47

Tejen, str.,.....

.28 56

142 13 124 43 139 13 134 58 164 11 136 32 136 36 123 12 125 49 122 14

30.16 ESE 1 29.88

SE 3

.93 NE 8

.80 ENE 6

30.02 SSE 4

نه دخن : نده : نداند دنده دنده دننه نن نه دنده : نده ده ن و خه ندنده

.76 E 9 olq.

.73 E 11 .86

E 3

.85 NE .87 E

Belmont, bk.,.........25

119 40

SSW 5

Lyeemoon, str.,

.24 23

Ceylon, str., Picciola, str... Mascotte, str.,

.86 NE 6 or.

Frejr, str.,

.78 NE 3 C.

Chelydra, str.,

.23 3 .21 41 ...21 1 ..20 14 ....18 21

118 48 117 6 113 37

.82 SW 3

.90 ENE 1

Loosok, str.,

..18 13

113 18 111 6 113 30 111 45

.83 S .81 .83

.82 SSW 5

.87 S

Kaisar-i-Hind, str., .17 41

113 18

.83 SW .84

∞ ∞ 30 40 50 — 20 10 01 +

...

Herman Wedell Jarlsberg, str., 25 47 120 24

or.

Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,14 45.

109 41

Belmont, bk.,

Belgic, str.,..........

25 25 .25 11 119 49

119 57

Orient, bk.....

13 28

109 56

.72

Serrano, bk.,

Lifoo, str.,

.25 0 119 25

.81

SE 1

Rubens, str.,

Ethiope, str.,

..23 36 120 7

Activ, str.,

..20 38 111 25

Lina, bk.,...

Airlie, str., ............19 8

.19 43 113 40 116.20

.78 SW .80 S 4 .84 SW 5 k. .86 SW 1 b.

og.

Devawongse, str.,

.11 16 9 23 8 51

...

Tai Cheong, str., 7 1

Lyndhurst, sh., ...... 6 15

5 Gartha, bk.,

110 36 108 19 106 31 108 4 107 ...

.88 110 46

.81 29.83 SW 4

k. .82 SSW 4 .86 WSW 5 orq. .90 SW 3

var. 1 op.

3 q.

¿ 3 ¦ 6 ¦ 8 5 5 2 3 4 2 62422

cp.

...

JULY, 1895.

539

Vessel.

July 12th. Lat. Long. East.

North.

Bar..

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

July 14th.

Long,

Bar.

East.

ina.

0-12

ins.

John Baizley, bk., ...39° 30'

142° 25′

Teyi, str.,

.38 53

118 4

30.20 29.90

Ε 3

og.

Victoria, str.,.............. .24° 10'

118° 40′ 29.86

SE 4

Kaisar-i-Hind, str.,.24

118 32

.85

Hohenzollern, str., .....35 0

139 30

30.02 NNW 3

Belmont, bk.,................

.24 0

118 42

Tacoma, str.,

.34.40

135 11

29.93

E 5

Pallas, str.,.

.23 41

118.3

Ancona, str.,

.34 40

135 11

.91

NE 4

k..

Chi Yuen, str.,

23 15

117 19

Telamon, str.,.

.34 28

138 45

30.07

Riojun Maru, str., ...33 55

128 36

29.90

ENE 6 ENE 5

(..

Holstein, str.,

.22 2

113 54

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

0-12

SW.4

.89 ESE 3

.90 S

.86 SSW 1

Ask, str.,

.21 48

113 39

.93 SSW 3

Peru, str.,

.33

135 29

.95 E 5

cp.

Hongkong, str.,

.20 33

111 27

City of Peking, str.,.33 1

170 40

Chingtu, str.,

.32 17

125 6

30.18 SE 1 29.96 ENE 4

Orient, bk.,

19 36 113 21

.84 S 2

cm.

Sishan, str.,

.19 35

112 49

.86 SE 2

Ethiope, str.,

.32 15

129 19

.88 NE 2

Serrano, bk.,

17. 30

110 45

.86 S 5

Strathleven, str.

.32 7

127 17

.89 ENE 2

Ceylon, str.,

.17 27

113 51

.86

Empress of Japan, str.....31

125 23

.90 NE 4

Zafiro, str.,..............

120

Verona, str.,

30 12

126 22

.86

SE 3

Amigo, str.,

15 51

110 10

Tejen, str.,

.26 1

120 25

.91

SW 4

Belmont, bk.,

.24 30

119 35

SW 5

...

Tailee, str.,

.23 47 118 15

.81

SE 2

Lyeemoon, str.,

..23 19

114 44

Peiyang, str., Loosok, str.,

.23 17

117 31

.21 52

Hongkong, str.,

Yuensang, str.,

113 54 ..20 17 109 5 ..19 27 116 39

.85 SW 2

eq. .88 S 1 C. .84 SW 2 k.

Arratoon Apear, str., Sungkiang, str.,..............14 35 Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 14 33 Kong Beng, str., ...12 19 Changsha, str., ...

15 1

112 41

...

120 57

.92

SSE 4

.88 S 2

.79 SE 3

SSW

S 2

109 44

SSE 5

100 52

.84 SW 3

.11 49

121 1

.86 SSE 2

Framnes, str.,........

10 45

102

.88

op.

Lyndhurst, sh.,

9 9

108 41

.79

.90

Changsha, str.,

.19 27 116 19

.87

ن ::

Phra Nang, str.,

103 41

.81

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk... 5 52 142 11

Orient, bk.,

16 4110 29

.82

4 k.

Sungkiang, str., ......14 35

120 57

.92

var. 1 C.

Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,.14

109 49

S 5 k.

Serrano, bk.,

.13 25

110 32

.86

SSW 5

John Baizley, bk.,...41 Ching Ping, str., ...38 42 Omba, str.,............36 7

July 15th. 54 137 3

29.94

118 33

.62

SW 4

141 6

NE 6

Sishan, str.......

12 24

109 25

.82

SSE 1

Telamon, str.,

.34 40

135 11

.85 WSW 4

Devawongse, str.,

9.40

102 58

.86

NW 3

Menmuir, str.,

.34 40

135 11

.85 SW 5

Lyndhurst, sh.,

6 37

107 37

var. 1

Tailee, str.,...

.34 24

123 26

.56 NNW 3

Rubeus, str.,

6 17

106 56

S 1

Riojun Maru, str.,...34

132 28

.81 SW 1

Gartha, bk.,...........

4 18

110 50

.86

SW 2

Tacoma, str.,

33 58

130 56

.74 var. 3

Kong Beng, str.,...... 4 18

103 50

Wuotan, str.,

4 5

105 35 July 13th.

.85 var. 1 .85 ENE 1 orq. Ethiope, str.,

Chingtu, str.,.

.33 46

.32 21

Strathleven, str.,

...31 31

132

132 3 129 24 5

.83 ESE £

.71

S 6

.82 SE 3

John Baizley, bk., ...41

Tacoma, str.,

.34 40

Telamon, str.,

.34 40

Ancona, str.,

.34 33

135 8

Riojun Maru, str., ...33 57

Chingtu, str., .......... .33 52

132 29

129 5

City of Peking, str.,.31 31

176 31

Peru, str.,

.30 59

130 35

Khedive, str.,

.30 36

122 58

Verona, str.,

.26 54

122 11·

Tailee, str.,

.26 51

121 17

Peiyang, str.,

.26 44

120 53

Belmont, bk.,

.24 11

119 34

Tejen, str.,

.23 54

118 0

.86

142 41 30.20 E 4 og. 135 11 29.96 NE 3 C. 135 11 30.01 S 2 29.95

.97 var. 2 30.02 ENE 5 .18 E 3 29.94 E 4 .84 ESE 3 .82 SW 4 k. .77 SSW 4 k. .83 SW 4 c. SW 5 SW 5

Peru, str.,

.30 17

126 15

.74 S

Oopack, str.,

.28 27

122 0

.68

SW 5

på gå må nå må på må 1422COMM34 244343333501 ŽS

og.

cp.

Kaisar-i-Hind, str., .23 10

122 2

.69 SW

om.

NE 1

Kwanglee, str.,

..27 20

120 45

.70 SW +

Pallas, str.,............

.26 35

122 48

.69 S 3

cm.

Chi Yuen, str.,

...26 23

120 31

.82 SSW 4

cq.

Belmont, bk...........23 27

118 3

SSW 4

Khedive, str.,... 23 20 Empress of Japan, str.,.22 33 Verona, str.,

.22 15 Orient, bk.......... .20 42 Amigo, str.,

19 15 Serrano, bk., ....

.19 15

117 38

.84. SW 2

Oopack, str.,

....22 25 115 25.

.88

S 4 C.

Zafiro, str.,

.22

...

119

.87 SW

Arratoon Apear, str.,.18 51

113 32

.87 S

Holstein, str.,............... .19 14 Sungkiang, str.,......14 35 Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,14 27 Ceylon, str.,

115 45 114 17 114 30- 111 51 112 4 112 14 120 57

.84 WSW 2

.83 S 2

.83 SSE 4

.78 SSE 3

109 27

.83 SSW 5 .84

S 4 .90 W

S 4

.12 59

111 38

Orient, bk.,

18 2

111 34

.86 S 2

Arratoon Apear, str.,11 36

110 31

.86 SSW 4 .86 SW

Yuensang, str.,

.16 16

119 30

.91 S 3 cp.

Lyndhurst, sh., ... ..10 23

109 43

.79 W +

Sishan, str.,.........................

16 5

111 2

.85 SSE 2

Phra Nang, str.,

9 51

107 22

Changsha, str.,

................15 48

118 58

.87 SSE 4

op.

Framnes, str.,

8 20

104 55

Serrano, bk.,

.15 33

110 22

.86 S 5

Alice Mary, bk., ... 8 10

8 10

105 32

.81 ESE 1 .89 S 3 S 2

Sungkiang, str.,

.14 35

120 57

.96 WNW 2

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk.,

7 57

142 57

WSW 3

Lacheur, bk.,

14 24

109 30

SSE 4

Changsha, str.,

7 28

Amigo, str.,............

.11 52

109 10

.82 NW 3

Mogul, str.,

Kong Beng, str.,.

... 8 36

102 22

.87 var. 1

121 49 5 18 106 36

July 16th.

.86 S 3

.83 SSE 2

Wuotan, str.,

7 42

106 49

Lyndhurst, sh., ...... 7 37

107 41

...

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk., . 5 13

Gartha, bk........................

Rubens, str.,

141 40 3 30 110 43 2 53 105 20

July 14th.

.88 SSE 1

WSW 2 k.

0 od. .84 ESE I k. 0 k.

Fram, str.,

Baizley, bk.,

.51 14 42 31 Omba, str.,........................... .39 15 Telamon, str.,

......34 40 Riojun Maru, str.,...34 22 Menmuir, str.,

140 52 134 3 142 4

29.80

S 5

.68 ENE 5 od.

SE 壬

135 11

..34 0

John Baizley, bk., ...41 36

Ancona, str.,

.34 43

Telamon, str., ................ .34 40

135 11

139 12 30.13 E 4 139 6 29.92 NE 4 .93 WSW 4

Hohenzollern, str.,...33 51 Tacoma, str...................... 33 36 Strathleven, str., 33 35

132 28 130 51 131 12

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 22

132 28

.93 S 1

Bygdo, str.,

.31 5

Tacoma, str.,

.33 54

131 8

.95 var. 2

Ethiope, str.,........

..30 49

129 36 137 4 122 2 126 22

Peiyang, str.,

30 37

122 26

.71 SE 2 C..

Glenesk, str.,.........30 24

122 33

Kwanglee, str.,

...30 31

122 29

.72 S 4

Tailee, str.,

30 25

123 13

.71 SW 4

Khedive, str.,

..26 34

120 49

.82 SW 5

Empress of Japan, str.,...26 25

120 42

.82 SSW 6

Chi Yuen, str., ...29 52 Pallas, str.,....................29 35 Peru, str.,

.26 59 Kwanglee, str., ..............24 15

122 36

Oopack, str., .....25 4

119 40

.86 SW 4

***

C. Nanyang, str., ......23 30

127 2 122 22 118 36 117 46

.71 SW 2 .59 SE 2 .65 SW 4 .55 .61 W 3 .82 ESE 2 od.

S 3 .65 SW 2 SE 2 .73 S 1 .71 SW 2 .75 SW 6

ا فدینه دندان: نحن نحن من نحن قد قد قد تندة ندي

op.

or.

og.

er.

.76 SW 4 .81 S

ن خون شده نه تمدن و مع

540

July 16th.

Vessel.

. Lat. North.

Long. East.

Bar,

JULY, 1895.

Wind. Wea-

Dir. For. ther.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

July 18th. Long. East.

Bar.

ins.

0-12

ins.

Belmont, bk.,

.22° 54′

117° 30′

W 4 k.

Mogul, str.,

...15° 47'

113° 8'

SW 2

Orient, bk.,

.21 42

116 5

29.84

var. 5 k.

Sungkiang, str.,..............14. 35

120 57

29.82

Ask, str.,...

.21 2

109 11

SW 4

Serrano, bk.,

.20 52 113 13

.81

SW 4

Wm. le Lacheur bk.,13 48 Fred. P. Litchfield, bk., 13

110 10

139 30

Frejr, str.,

..20 39

111 35

.81

S 3 b.

Alice Mary, bk.,

.11 43

110 38

Holstein, str.,

..16 27

110 28

.81

S 2

Parimata, sh.,..........

5 22

123 40

Sungkiang, str., ......14 35

120 57

.81

SSW 4

cq.

George F. Manson, bk... 5

Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,.14

109 57

...

SW 2

6 105 40 July 19th.

.90 SW 2 k.

HNNNN

Wind. Wea- Dir. For, ther.

(-12

var. 1 C.

var. 2 k.

W 6 or. SW 2 0.

W 2 k.

Phra Nang, str., 13 24 Lyndhurst, sh.,

Framnes, str.,.........10 24

109 52

.66

SW 1

Omba, str.......

43 11 141 5

var. 1

.11 53

111 39

.81

SW 4

Fram, str.,

40 10.

134 14

108

.91

SE 2

Peiyang, str.,..

39 38

121 12

29.94 N 1 C.

.78 SSW 3

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk..... 9 45 Alice Mary, bk.,.............. 9

141 4

WSW 5

Riojun Maru, str.,...34 22

132 28

.83

106 53

var.

Lifoo, str.,

29 45

122 35

.79 S

Ceylon, str.,

8 57

109 17

.88

SI 4

CV.

Ching Ping, str., ...29 10

122 30

.78 SSW 3

Mogul, str.,.........

8 36

109 5

.81

var. 4

Arratoon Apear, str.,. 8 17

109 7

.92 SW

George F. Manson, bk.....

105 12

.80

Victoria, str.,............. 26 57 Hohenzollern, str.....26 Menmuir, str., .25 32

120 58

.76 Var. 1 b.

121 37

.74 S 2

120 19

.82 SW 2

Changsha, str.,

3 35

123 59

.86

Orient, bk.....

.25 28

120 23

.78 W 2 k.

Parimata, sh.,

2 30 125 8

var. 1 or.

Tacoma, str.,

24 32

118 59

.77 SW 4 b.

July 17th.

Ethiope, str.,

.24 30

118 48

.72 SW 2

Fram, str.,

47 12

139 40

29.84 NE 1

Bygde, str.,

.24 }

118 3

.78

SW 2

John Baizley, bk., .....42 45

132 10

SSW 5

Toonan, str.,

.23 14

117 28

.78 var. 1 b.

Omba, str.,

41 25

140 0

NE 8

Belmont, bk.,.

.22 32

116 41

NW I k.

Chingping, str.,

...35 50

35 50

122 45

.76

SW 2

Frejr, str.,

.21 45

113 30

.78 WSW 2

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 22

132 28

.69

SSE I

or.

Chelydra, str.,

.21 12

113 53

.79 SW 3

Telaion, str.,.........33 59

130 54

.63 NE 2

op.

Framnes, str.,

..20 59

113 16

.75 SE 1 C.

Menmuir, str.,

.31 35

126 47

.68 SW 4

11.

Chunshan, str.,

.20 27

115 44

.78 SSW

Peiyang, str.,

.31 18

122 20

.69 NNW 3

Tacoma, str.,

30 42

125 50

.64 W 3

نن

Activ, str...

.20 10

110 22

Bayern, str.,

30 31

122 29

Bygdo, str.,...

29 17

122 36

Ethiope, str.,

.29 0

Nanyang, str.,

.27 7

Glenesk, str.,

123 30 121 7 .26 45 121 0

Peru, str.,

24 0

118 39

.71 NNW 3 orq. .70 SW 1 0. .61 SW S k. .80 S 2 C. SW 6 k. .76 SSW 4

Lifoo, str.,

.23 7

117 16

81 SW 1

Orient, bk.,

Loosok, str.,

Belmont, bk.,

Victoria, str.,

23 2 117 40 .22 55 113 48 .22 29 117 9 .22 26 115 24

.75

SW 2

Mogul, str., China, str., Lyndhurst, sh., 16 49 Fred. P.Litchfield, bk... 14 58 Sungkiang, str......14 35 Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,13 47 Alice Mary, bk., .12 54 George F. Manson, bk... 6 31 Parimata, sh.,

.19 43

113 37

.75 W 2

var. 2

...19 39

112 41

113 14

76 .83

138 43

Var. 1 WSW 9 orą.

2302222322-24-29232324 NÅ

or.

120 57

.77 WSW 4

110 8

SSW 2

112 12

106 26

6 9 123 0

.80

SW 4 k. WSW 4 .77 SW 3

July 20th.

Omba, str.,.....

.43 11

141 5

SW 1 k.

.80 SW 3 q.

SI 1 org.

var. 4 k.

Fram, str.,

.36 32

131 35

Kwanglee, str.,

.22 20

114 46

.79 WSW 2

Ancona, str.,

.35 9

139 41

29.91

3 ofr. N 2 0.

Phra Nang, str.,.......

.17 39

111 7

.77 S. 2

Riojun Marn, str.,...34 22

132 28

.80

0 C.

Esmeralda, str.,

..16 18

118 64

.77

var. 1

Victoria, str.,.

.31 23

121 35

.70 NE 3 or.

Sungkiang, str., .14 35

120 57

.88 W 2

Orient, bk.....

.26 26

121

.74 var. 1

Framnes, str.,

13 49

109 49

.83

SE 1

Toonan, str.,

..26 25

120 41

.75

Lyndhurst, sh.,

.13.47

119 2

.81

Ching Ping, str., ...26 12

120 45

China, str.,

12 13

109 26

.80

E 2

Glenesk, str.,.....................26

120 2

Mogul, str.,.

12 5

111 28

SW 4 k.

Bayern, str.,

.25 20

119 56

var. 1 C. .76 SW 1 k. var. 4 k.. .73 SSW 2 C.

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk.....11 56 Holstein str., ...... .10 28 Alice Mary, bk....... 9 36 Ceylon, str.,................. 5 2 Arratoon Apcar, str.,. 4 57 George F. Manson, bk........ 4 24 Parimata, sh., ....

140 9

var. 6 orq.

Verona, str.,

.24 $

107 38 108 32

.83

SW 2

Lyecmoon, str., ........ .23. 47

118

118 27 5

.75 SSW 2

72 S 2 b.

Fram, str.,

Omba, str.,

Peiyang, str.,

Esmeralda, str., Framnes, str., .... China, str.,

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 22 Telamon, str.,.........32 28 Ching Ping, str.,......32 22 Hohenzollern, str., ...30 Menmuir, str.,.............. Tacoma, str., Ethiope, str., Bygdo, str..... Lifoo, str., Orient, bk., Belmont, bk., Activ, str., Phra Nang, str., Loosok, str.,

126 4. .28 44 123 20 .27 38 122 20 .26 45 121 3 .26 19 120 34 .269 120 30 .24 31 119 13 :22 32 117 0 21 35 113 18 ..21 24 113 37 .20 5 110 20 ..18 48 116 20 .17 44 110 52 ..16 21 110 29 Lyndhurst, sh., ......15 57 112 59

106 25 106 36 105 32 3 49 124 30

July 18th. .43 52 136 37 .43 11 141 5 .35 47 122 40 132 28 126 8 122 45

SW 2 .87 SW 2 cpv. .87 SW k. .90 S 3 k.

W 1

Hohenzollern, str.,...23 28 Menmuir, str., .... .23 6 Ethiope, str., Belmont, bk.,................ Bygdo, str.,

117 39

.69 SW 2 f.

117 6

.22 44

Tacoma, str.,

29.88 NE 5 ofr.

var. 1 m.

Activ, str.,....

.21 29

116 3 .22 35 116 44 .22 22 115 5 .22 22 116 1 109 5

76 SW 2 f. .76 SW 2 k.

WSW 1

.74

0 k. .74 SW 2 C.

.68 WNW 2 oq..

Ask, str.,

.20 34

111 36

.74 SE 2 k.

.79

Frejr, str.,

.20 10

110 28

.68

N 3 b.

.65

k. k. 2 k. .74 SSW 5 k.

W 1 .72 SE 4 .72 SW .77 SW .72 WSW 3 .76 SE .75 .81

0 or. .80 NE 2 bm. .84

E 3 .73 N 1 C. .81 SW 2 k. .76 SW 3 bv. .70 SW 2 .78 SW 2 .78

Lyndhurst, sh.,

.17 40

113 33

SW 2

Loosok, str., ....

.17 28

108 28

.75

or.

Chelydra, str.,

.16 58

113 38

.75

1 C.

Chunshan, str.,

16 37

113 51

.72

S 3 k.

Sungkiang, str........16 23 Fred. P. Litchfield, bk.,,15 54

118 50

.81

SW 3 C.

137 10

Alice Mary, bk., ...14 8 Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,13 55 Wuotan, str.,

.12 George F. Mauson, bk... Parimata, sh...

112 57

109 42

109 ...

.72

7 55

6 42

107 32 122 10

(1.

Bengloe, str.,.

3 32 105 54

SW 7 q. SW

var. 2 k.

SSE 1 (.

.70 SW 5 org.

SW 1 0. WSW 5 k.

July 21st.

Omba, str.,....................39 1

141 57

SW 2

NON

2 ('.

Ancona, str.,

Oopack, str.,

Pallas, str.,..

Riojun Marn, str.,...34 22 132 28 34 2 135 2 ..31 30 124 17 ...81 24 123 20

NE 4 m. 29.78

0 b. .84 NNW 2 k. .68

( 01. .79 SW 2

JULY, 1895.

541

Vessel.

Lat. North.

July 21st. Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

July 23rd. Long. East.

Bar.

Wen-

Wind. Dir. For, ther.

ins.

0-12

ins.

0-12

Victoria, str.,

31° 17′

121° 47′

29.68

op.

Toonan, str.,

.30 17

122 35

.72

var.

Lycemoon, str.,

.27 40 121 26

.73

Verona, str.,

..27 16 122 35

.72.

Japan, str.,

.27 12

121 12

.71

George F. Manson, bk... 13° 47' Bengloe, str.,........... .13 32 Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,12 50 Shantung, str., ......10 44 Kutsang, str.,......... .10 44

111° 28′

SW 5

112 58

4 0.

110 25

SW 6

110 55

29.72 WSW 7

110 41

.74 WSW 4

Orient, bk.,

..26 58 121 22

.74

Propontis, str., .............10 38

109 5

.70 SW 5 m.

Ching Ping, str.,

...23 50 118 11

.72

Parimata, sh.,

9 21

120 55

SE 4 or.

Fushun, str.,

23 21

117 85

.71

Chunshan, str.,

9 0

106 58

WSW 5

Glenesk, str.,

.23 9

117 21

SW 2

Rohilla, str.,

8 25

108 39

.81 W 4

Bayern, str.,

.22 28

115 10

.72 SW 2

Loosok, str.,

8 1

107 32

.81 SW 5

Belmont, bk.,

.22 13

116 33

W 1

7 37

Activ, str.,

.20 10

110 8

71 WNW 2

01.

.7 3

Sungkiang, str., ......19 42

116 10

.79 NW 2

2.40

Lyndhurst, sh., ......18 24

..18 24

113 36

var. 2

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk..... 16

135 20

SSW 7

Wuotan, str.,

15 17

110 0

.72

Alice Mary, bk.,................15

113 35

SE 1 SW 1 C.

Ancona, str., Verona, str.,

Wm. Je Lacheur, bk., 13 51 Loosok, str., ..... 13 49

109 52

SSW 1

Coptic, str.,

.82 30

109 21

0 0.

Chingtu, str.,..

..31 30

Chelydra, str., Bisagno, str.,................... Tai Cheong, str.,

Victoria, str.,...

105 ö July 24th.

.34 24 134 16 .33 58 131 2 .33 56

.84 WSW 5 .82 W 4 op. SW 1

29.79 ESE 4 0.

.46 ENE 7 oq. .39 ENE 9 org. .81 SSE 5 C. .48 WSW12 urq.

108 47

108 3

130 54 134 34

130 30

Chunshan, str.,

.13 13

111 26

.72 SSW 4 k.

Hertha, str.,

.31 13

131 34

.47 SSW 10 org.

Chelydra, str...........13

111 45

.75 SW 5 C.

Crown of Arragon, str... 30 42

127 41

.62 WNW ...

George F. Manson, bk..... 9 15

109 50

.80 SW 5

Orient, bk.,

.28 6

122 10

.76

Donar, str.,

8.30

105 83

.87 WNW

Tejen, str.,..

.24 12

118 42

.75

Parimata, sh.,

122

Pallas, str.,..

.23 37

117 58

SE 2

Bengloe, str.,

6 56

108 4

oľ.

Braemar, str.,

.28 36

118 5

.71

Shantung, str.,

4 10 108 47

.91

SW 3

or.

Belmont, bk.......

.22 27

115 34

E 1

or.

Kutsang, str.,

... 3 50 105 51

.90

SW 8

Ask, str.,

.21 59

113 52

.67

July 22nd.

Esmeralda, str.,...

.19 44

116. 4

.77 ESE 5

Strathleven, str.,

...37 59

..87 59 141 42

29.69 NNE 2

op.

Donar, str.,....

18 27

111 37

.71 SE 3

Omba, str.,

.36 51 141 34

NE 4

Alice Mary, bk.,

...17 49

114 7

Ancona, str.,

Verona, str.,

Pallas, str.,

Orient, bk., Fushun, str.,

Japan, str.,

Ching Ping, str.,

Belmont, bk.,

Activ, str.,

Lyndhurst, sh.,

Wnotan, str.,

Chingtu, str.,

Riojnu Maru, str., ...34 17

Victoria, str.,

135 11 138 33 32 48 127 9 .80 29 126 29 .28 55 124 35 .27 31 121 44 .26 58 120 27 .23 46 117 58 ...22 21 114 53 .22 0 116 13 .20 5 110 20 113 87 112

.34 40 135 11

34 40

.65

NE 2

Bengloe, str.,

17 28

113 24

N 1

.68

N 5

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk...17

132.9

SE 2

.68

E 2

Bayern, str.,

16 38

110 17

.71 SSW 2

19 13

.19

.69 ENE 4 op. .68 ENE 4 :69 S 2 .71

SW 2 .68 NNE 2 .67 var. 1 .68 WSW 3 WSW 1 .67 N 2 og.

WSW 2 .69 SSW 1

Yuensang, str., 15

119 44

.76

('.

George F. Manson, bk.,. 15

114 40

S 4

Kutsang, str....

14 36

112 57

.71 N

Shantung, str.,

14 15

112 27

.69 var.

Rohilla, str.,

12 82

111 36

.67

Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,}

,12

110 23

Parimata, sh.,.

11 26

121 15

Bisagno, str.,.

10 25

110 8

Propontis, str.,

Tai Cheong, str.,

8 8 5 58

Chunshan, str.,

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk.....17 23

134 40

SSW 5

Chelydra, str.,

Alice Mary, bk............. .16 3

114 16

W 5

107 28 107 6 5 23 105 53 4 28 106 10

July 25th.

Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 13 56 109 52

SSW 4

Tailee, str.,..........

..38 12

121 43

George F. Mansou, bk.............11

55. 111 30

SSW 6

Victoria, str.,

.34 40

135 11

SW 2

SSW 3 0.

.74 SW 5 on. .75

WSW 3 0.

5 org.

4 org.

.80 SW .83 WSW 3

29.83

78 SW 5 C.

S 2

Chuushan, str.,

Donar, str.,

Loosok, str.,

7 109 27 10 54 109 0 10 28 109 32

SW 7 orq. .87 SSW 6 or.

Verona, str.,

.33 59

131 2

.95 ESE 2

Orestes, str.,

.33 85

136 27

.84 SW 8

SW 5

Fram, str.,

.33 35

Chelydra, str.

10 20 110 44

..81

Ancóua, str.,

.33 28

128.35 129 37

.94 SW 5

Bengloe, str., Parimata, sh., Shantung, str.,

.10 9

110 26

Coptic, str.,

.31 1

130 48

.91 WSW 2 .91

121 30

0 0.

Telamon, str.,.

30 0

122 39

.86 · S 5 C.

Kutsang, str.,

7 33 7 15

Rohilla, str..

Bisagno, str.,

Strathleven, str.,

Úmba, str.,

Ancona, str., Victoria, str., Chingtu, str., Hertha, str., Fushun, str.,

109 41 108 16 4 25 106 7 3 58 105 47

July 23rd. ...41 12 141 31

.34 59 139 42 · .34 40 135 11

.85 .86 SW 3 .90 WSW 1 .90 WSW 3

W 6 0.

Hertha, str.,

..29 43

129 30

.90 WSW 4

ΟΥ.

Chingtu, str.,

29 42

127 14

.96 SW 2

Orient, bk............

.29 3

122 54

.86

S 3

Tejen, str.,

.26 57

120 56

.82

Braemar, str., ... ... ... ... ....

26 7

121 30

NE 2

29.76

...

33 58 130 56 32 18 132 56 .32 13 132 31 .30 15 122 34

.79 NE 2 .77 NE

.84 SSW 2

76 W

.76

Orient, bk., Pallas, str., Tejen, str. Belmont, bk., Wuotan, str., Bayern, str.,

Activ, str.,

Lyndhurst, sh.,

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk.,... 17 31 133 19

.27 57 121 46

.70

.26 15 121 10

.67

30 000 30 31 1 2 CO

Kwanglec, str.,

.28 14

116 51

.80

NE 3

or.

Donar, str.,

.21 50

Alice Mary, bk.,

...19 37

3 3 3 2 2 2

Kutsang, str.,................ Yuensang, str.,

C. Shantung, str.,

Rohilla, str.,

18 33 .18 28 17 48 16 54

.22 29 115 14 .22 17 115 40 .22 ... 114

.66

.21 4 113 23 .20 32 111 20 .20 1 113 48

Alice Mary, bk.,

Donar, str..

...17 23 114 21

Yuensang, str..

14 34 110 26 14 32 120 48

.66 WSW 2 .69 SW 3 .66 SSE 2

SW 2 k. SSW 4 k. WSW 2 k. .71 WSW 4 b. .80 WSW 6 org.

Bayern, str.,

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk...16 45 Esmeralda, str.,. .16 44 George F. Manson, bk.,. 16 Parimata, sh.,. .13 8 120 3 11 29 109 8 Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,10 61. 110 53 Tai Cheong, str., 9 13 109 40 Devawongse, str., Loosok, str., Propontis, str., Breconshire, str., Guthrie, str..

113 43 113 49 113 39 117 12 113 14 113 35 129 45

.80 ENE 6 cq.

1 opq. .75 var. 3 op. .76

cp.

.70 var. 2 .78 N

ENE 4 k.

1 111.

118 12

4 or.

114 39

SW 6 org.

..75 SSW 2 0.

8 43 106 11 4 56 106 0 4 46 106 8 3 57 105 42 3 50 124 0

var. 1 or. .83 SW 1 .82 NW 5 04. .85 S 81 WSW 2 .87 SSW 4 .90 var. 1

oq. k.

(*.

542

JULY, 1895.

Vessel.

July 26th. Lat.

North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

July 28th. Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wia- Dir. For. ther.

ins.

0-12

ins.

0-12

Empress of China, str.,...42° 16′

148° 54′

29.68

NNE 4

Verona, str.,

.34 40

135 11

.87

E 2 0.

Braemar, str., • • Peiyang, str.,....

33° 3'

134° 10'

WSW 5 k.

.32 23

123 11

29.77 SSW 4

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 40

135 11

.79

Empress of Japan, str.,.31

124 17

.79

Victoria, str.,

34 40

135 11

.82

4 C.

Strathleven, str., ...29 58

137 59

.78

Tailec, str.,

.34 39 123 5

.76

Oopack, str.,

.33 45

132 18

.88

SW 2 or.

Arroyo, str.,

.32 15

132 48

.98 WSW 2 0.

Fram, str.,

.31 33

125 33

.88 SW 5

Ancona, str.,

.31 17

127 51

.87 SSW 3 0.

Lifoo, str.,

.30 29

122 30

.77 S

Tejen, str.,

.29 52

122 38

.80 SSW 2 k.

Hertha, str.,

.28 45 125 55

.83

Chingtu, str.,

.27 30 123 45

.86

Braemar, str.,

.27 24

125 50

SSE

Telamon, str.,..

.26 24

120 33

.87

Kwanglee, str.,

.26 11

120 33

.81

Empress of Japan, str.....25

119 51

.81

var.

Yuensang, str.,

22 0

114 41

.76

Activ, str.,

.21 54

113 45

.77

0 10 10 jim se in 10 09 00 01 10 10 10

Arroyo, str.,

.29 11

127 41

.81 SSW 3

Tailee, str.,.......

.29 2

122 48

.80 SSW

kq.

Lycemoon, str.,

.28 40

121 56

.80

Nanyang, str., Rosetta, str.,

Fram, str.,

..28

121 45

.84

.27 51

121 34

.75

.27 31 121 45

.81

S S SS S

Coptic, str.,

.26 14

121 4

Mascotte, str.,

..26

120 28

74 SSW 4 .80. SW

10 10 10 T

Ancona, str.,

.25 46

120 35

.77 SW 3

Taisang, str.,

.25 45

119 56

4 C.

Hertha, str.,

.24 23

118 53

bl.

Lifoo, str.,

.24 18

118 50

.78

3 C.

Bygdo, str.,

.24 8

118 15

Rohilla, str.,

.23 32

117 12

Chingtu, str.,.

.23 11

117

.78 NE 4 k. .74 ESE 4 orq.

74 ESE 4 uq.

Alice Mary, bk.,.

.21 44 113 50

org.

Alcedo, sh.,

.21 48

114 38

.22 ESE 10

Shantung, str.,

..21 36 113 55

.75

Activ, str.,.

21 29

109 5

.61

W 4

Frejr, str.,

Ask, str.,....

.20 32 111 20 .20 25 108 15

.70 SE

og.

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk.,. 20

120-55

SSE 6

or.

.66

George F. Manson, bk.,.20

114 20

.20

W 10

Framnes, str.,

19 54

Keong Wai, str.,.

19 12

112 20 112 9

.72

S 2 eq.

Bisagno, str.,

17 11

114 0

.76 SSE 4 cag. .74 SSE 2 k.

George F. Manson, bk....17

114 33

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk..... 17

126 15

05 00 N

Phra Chom lao, str....20 Tai Cheong, str., ...19 59 Memnon, str.,.................. 19 48 Devawongse, str.,...19 30 Parimata, sh.,.

10 23

.69

var. 4 ol'.

113 50

.54

W 9

115 11

.17

SW 7 orq.

112 16

.65

NW 5 or.

17 18

117 12

SW 5 C.

Parimata, sh.,

14 54

118 2

Guthrie, str.,

15 8

119 6

.90

SW 4 or.

Tai Cheong, str.,......12

111 51

.81

SW 2

Framnes, str.,.......

.13

109 33

.75

SW 3 0.

Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 11

111 11

var.

Devawongse, str.,

11 41

106 14

.90 SW

George S. Homer, bk.....12 30 Breconshire, str., ...12 2

110 57

S 6

111 46

.80 SW 4

Guthrie, str.,

Bayern, str.,

7 21 121 52 6 50 106 35

.85 SW 5

Wm. le Lacheur, bk.11 45

110 16

.73

SW 8

.88 SW 5

or.

Keong Wai, str.,

...11 40

109 15

.78 SSW 5

Breconshire, str.,

6 36 107 30

.89

var. 3

Kong Beng, str.,

...11 14

108 58

.75 SW 3

Loosok, str.,

1 23 104 24

.90

og.

Holstein, str.,

10 18

107 5

.83 SSW 2

July 27th.

Aden, str.,

7 46

108 21

.91

SW 4

Empress of China, str.....38

142 16

29.79

S 2

Peiyang, str.,

..36

122 53

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 40

135 11

.58 SE 4

.76 SW 2

Verona, str.,

Victoria, str.,

Tejen, str.,

Tailee, str.,

.34 40 .33 40 139 7 .33 24 31 42

135 11

.78 W

.75 var.

- NNAN

or.

122 57

123 48

.72 SSW .73 $

3 3 8 8 8 ± 8

Chunshan, str.,

4 29

Loosok, str.,

3.52

105 14 104 6

.89 E var. 3

.92 W 2

July 29th.

Strathleven, str., ...37 59

Victoria, str.,................. .36 50 Riojun Maru, str.,...34 40 Oopack, str.,

134 18 143 48

29.77 var.

135 11

.79 ESE 4 .85 W

.34 40

Arroyo, str.,

.31

131 0

.91 SW 3

Empress of Japan, str.....30 42.

122 20

.74 SSW 4

Peiyang, str...........29 22 Mascotte, str., ......29 14

135 11 122 26

.85 W

.90

21 +0000 10

Kwanglee, str.,

....30 15

122 35

.76 SSW 3

Arroyo, str.,

..28 6

Coptic, str.,.............

.29 43

Braemar, str., Fram, str., Taisang, str.,

.29 30

125 48 130 44

.82 SW 4

Rohilla, str.,

Bygdo, str.,

.27 19 ..27 19

Ancona, str.,

.29 25 123 23 .28 48 122 3 .28 27 124 9

.84

Marie Berg, bk.,

...27 12.

122 35 124 33 121 32 121 13 121 42

.$8

.91 SW

.91 SE 2

.90 NE 1 SSE 2

.81

10:30

Tailee, str.,

..26 13

120 39

Lifoo, str.,

.27 24 121 15

.79

Hertha, str., Chingtu, str., Mascotte, str., Bygdo, str.,...

.27 0

122 2

.73

.25 35 120 15

.74

Bisagno, str.,

Activ, str.,

.23 37 .22 20 115 10 21 31 114 27 20 14 110 42

117 37

.74

.70 ENE 2 k. .74 NNE 1 .71

E 2

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk.....19 25 122 51

George F. Manson, bk.....18 40 Tai Cheong, str., ...16 46 Framnes, str., ............... .16 20 Parimata, sh., .......................16 Devawongse, str., ...15 46 110 22 Keong Wai, str.,... 15 31 110 27 Wm le Lacheur, bk., 12 24 109 53 Guthrie, str., .........11 25 121 19 Breconshire, str., 9 3 Kong Beng, str........ 8 24

114 20

SE 3 2

113 7

.76

3 3 3 3 3 2332::

Benvenue, str.,

-25 20

Lyeemoon, str.,

..25 17

120 31 119 53

.89 SSW 4 k. .95 E 2 cm.

.93 SSW I

Namyong, str., Siam, str.,

24 57

119 30

.94 S 4

24 15

118 44

.85 S 3

3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 4§ 286

Rosetta, str.,

24 8

118 28

.86 SSE 4

og.

Chingtu, str.,

23 26

117 5

.83 SE

5 ouq.

Taisang, str., Ancona, str.,

-23 17

Coptic, str.,

Lifoo, str.,

116 55 23 8 119 12 22 49 116 41 .22 42 116 6

.78

S SE

6 orq.

.75 SSE 6 crq.

.71 SE 6 orq.

Hertha, str.,

22 4

110 30

.69

Phra Nang, str., ..22

115 35 114 3

116 24

...

9 orq.

George F. Manson, bk.,.22

114 24

.69 SSE 6 opq. .58 SE 6 or.

SE 6

.74 WSW 4 k.

H.J.A.M.S. Aurora, 21 29

113 49.7

.78

S 4 C.

Ask, str.,

-20 20

109 10

.69 SE 47 SW

or.

SSW 4 k.

Litchfield, bk.,

20 16

118 35

S 3 q.

.90

N 1 org.

Parimata, sh...........19 42

114 39

SSE 4

109 32

.82

W 4 C.

Devawongse, str., .19 1

113 13

.68 S

105 35

George S. Homer, bk.,

8 26

Aden, str.,

Bayern, str.,

.80 SW 3 109 20

SW 5 5 58 105 45 .90 W 1 56 104 33. .91 SW 3

Guthrie, str.,

18 52

116 34

Memuon, str.,.

16 45

116 14

.74 SSW 5 .76 S 4 C.

669

op.

4 09.

July 28th.

Tejen, str.,

.36 51 Empress of China, sur...........34 54

122 45 29.73

139 45

.82

Riojun Marn, str., ...34 40 Verona, str.,

.......................34 29 . 138 22

185 11

.86

.84

6 3 6

George S. Homer, bk.....16 Breconshire, str., ...15 16 Kong Beng, str., ...14 45 Holstein, str.,.............. .12 32 Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,12 13

112 52

113 17

SSW .79 SSW 6

109 52

74 SW 3

109 29

.80 S 1

109 53

Aden, str.,

Picciola, str.,

11 50 .11 3

111 9 110 0

SSW 6 .86 SW 5 78 SW 1

().

JULY, 1895.

543

July 29th.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

July 30th. Long. East.

Bar.

Wind.

Wea-

ins.

0-12

ins.

Framnes, str.,

.10° 26'

108° 16′

Keong Wai, str.,..

8 55

106 38

Chunshan, str.,

8 10

106 28

Loosok, str.,

7 52

102 38

29.84 SSW 3

.80 WSW 4 C. .86 WNW 3 .86 WSW 4

oq.

July 30th.

Picciola, str., Loosok, str., Keoug Wai, str., Framnes, str.,.......... Brindisi, str., ... ... ... ... ... ... · ·

.11° 29'

114° 0′

29.81

.11 26

101 13

Dir. For. ther

SW 3 0. .87 WSW 5 oq.

0-12

...

9 20 8 33 3 1 105 12

103 21

.78 WSW 1

or.

105 47

.89 SW 3 C.

.89 SSI 2

Victoria, str.,

.39 22

148 38

29.93 ESE 3

Strathleven, str., ...35 25

131 22

75 SW 4

Riojun Maru, str., ...34

135 11

.79 W 1

Empress of China, str.,...34

135 11

.79 WNW 2

Oopack, str.,

.34 40

135 11

.80

W 2

Empress of Japan, str.,...34

132 51

.82

SW 4

3 3 3 3 3 2

July 31st.

Victoria, str.,................ 41 51 153 Riojun Maru, str.,...34 40 Empress of Japan, str...34 40 Oopack, str., .............34 40 Empress of China, str.,.34

30.03 E

135 11

29.84

135 11

.78 SW 2 0.

135 11

.80

132 50

.80

SIF 2 C.

Rohilla, str.,

31 4

122 10

.80

S 2

Strathleven, str.,

..33 19

128 33

.84

Bygdo, str.,...

30 46

122 11

.88

SSE 2

Marie Berg, bk.,

...31 5

124 7

Fushun, str.,

.30 37

122 26

.83 SSE 3

Siam, str.,

.30 15

126 17

.91

TON NTIO OF

1 0.

5 k.

Marie Berg, bk.,..............28

123 30

Siam, str.,

.27 24

122 26

Benvenue, str.,

.27 2

124 12

Peiyang, str.,

.26 28

120 27

Arroyo, str.,

Tailee, str.,

Chingtu, str., Lyecmoon, str.,

Nanyang, str.,

Taisang, str.,

..26 3 121 25 .24 2 118 28 .23 23. 117 9 ...22 50 116 39

..22 48 ...22 14

116 26 114 16

SW 2 k. .85 SSW 3 k. 30.00 E 2 cm. 29.95 SSW 3 b.

.87 SSW 2 .92 S 1 .93 SSW 3 .90 S 3 eq. .93 SSE 4 ouq.

Benvenue, str.,

...28 59

128 8

.98 SW 2

cm.

Fushun, str.,

.27. 34

120 57

.91

Arroyo, str.,

24 9

118 26

SW 3 SSW 2

Peiyang, str.,..... .23 32 Telamon, str.,.........22 23 Kong Beug, str., ...21 51

117 52

.96 NW

115 2

.88 SSW 2

113 55

.85 var. 2

cq.

Frejr, str.,

........21 50

113 40

.90 SSE 2

Breconshire, str., ...21 47

113 57

.89 ENE 2

Aden, str.,

.20 44

113 55

.88

SE 3 k.

Guthrie, str.,

..21 53

114 23

S SW

2 org.

Ask, str.,

.20 20

111 35

.88

ESE 3

委

Glamorganshire, str., 21

113 53

George S. Homer, bk.,........20 Phra Nang, str........19 40 Fred. P. Litchfield, bk.,.19 Breconshire, str., ........18 25 Kong Beng, str.,....18 24 Aden, str.,

113 11

kq.

113 31

117 1

113 29

.81

111 33

.77.

.16 7

113 11

.85

Holstein, str., .......................15 57 Memnon, str.,

110 31

.13 23

117 2

.83 SSW 4 .87

U 2 CA CO CT

.81 SSE 5 k. .79 .76 SSE

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk., 20 Holstein, str., ... ... ... ... ... 19 21 Phra Chon klao,str.,....18 14 Glamorganshire, str., 17 38 Phra Nang, str.,..............17.32 Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,12 Picciola, str.,................

115 25

SE 1

112

.86

SE 2

108 4

.84 SSW 4

113 41

.87

S 4 k.

111 7

.80 SW 3

109 28

11 37

117 24

.83 SSW 3

or.

Memnon, str.,

9 42

117 19

.86

or.

Framnes, str.,..........

9 26

103 2

Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 12

6 109 56

S 2 SW 6

Brindisi, str.,

6 36

107 0

Catherine Apcar,str., 4 21

105 58

.91 W 1 q. .95 var. 4 org. .90

AUGUST, 1895.

August 1st.

August 2nd.

Victoria, str.,

..44°15′

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 40

Marie Berg, bk., ..32 29 Benvenue, str., ......31 32

Strathleven, str.,

Peru, str.,

159° 41′ 135 11 123 43 131 56 .30 42 125 31 .24 30 119 0

Arroyo, str.,

.22 19 115 12

Sabine Rickmers, str., ...21

113 56

Yuensang, str., ......20 50

115 23

.90 .93

30.01 ENE 4 29.80 SW 1 SSW 2 .84 W 1 .84 SW 4 .95 W 1 .86 SSW 2 1

Brindisi, str., Phra Chom Khao,str....1} 31 or.

k. Catherine Apcar, str.,11 40 cin. Picciola, str., ............... .10 43 0. Phra Naug, str., ...10 42 C. Glamorganshire, str.,10

13° 39' 111° 51′ 29.92 SSE 4

109 18 111 11

.88 S 1

.83 S 3

122 36

.84 WSW 3

or.

108 42 0 109 16

.82 var. 2 0. .85 SSW 2 kp.

SE ESE 3

August 3rd.

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk., 20 32

114 38

SE 1

Frejr, str.,

20 15

110 45

.89 E 3

Victoria, str...........47 48 Empress of Japan, str.,.37 51 Marie Berg, bk., ...35 50

172 31 145 12 123 6

30.07 29.80

NE 3

SE 4 0.

WSW var, oq,

Activ, str.,

20 11

110 10.

.86 SSE 3

Riojun Maru, str.,...34 40

135 11

.66

SSW 2 c.

China, str.,

..19 2

112 4

.88 SSW 1

Airlie, str.,.........

...32 35

127 50

.72 SW 5

Phra Chom Flao, str, .15 21

108 53

.90 SE 2.

Cassius, str.,

32 33

122 48

.57 SW 3

Phra Nang, str., ....14 11 Glamorganshire, str., 13

109 50

.83 SW 2

Peru, str.,

31 45

128 20

75 WSW 3

111 22

.85 ESE 4

Kwanglee, str., ......31 18

121 44

.65 SW 2

Picciola, str.,

Brindisi, str.,

11 39 9 57

120 3

.83 WSW 2

Empress of China, str.,.31

Catherine Apcar, str., 7 48

109 26 108 28 August 2ud.

.93 WNW 4 .88 W

or.

Pallas, str.,................................28

Victoria, str.,

.......46 12 166 5 29.99 NE

Om.

Cassius, str., .........36

123 4

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 40

185 11

Marie Berg, bk.,

...34 10

123 30

Benvenue, str.,

Oopack, str.,

Orestes, str.,

...33 46 136 46 33 26 135 43 32 23 125 48

W 2 .76 SSW 1 SW S 2 .70 NW 1 .74 .74 SW 3

in.

cm.

Ancona, str., Preussen, str., Ask, str., Activ, str.,...

Jenny, sch.,

122 6 124 54 org.Hohenzollern, str.....26 32 122 49 Ching Ping, str., ...26 31 120 61 Strathleven, str., ...26 3 120 23 Guthrie, str., .24 11 119 38 23 59 118 2 .23 54 118 22 .22 0 113 0 .21 46. 113 32 .21 36 117 53

.64 SW 4

४

.68 SW 5 k.

.78 SW 5 0. .77 SW .71 SW

.80 SW 2 k.

.81 SW 2 k.

.78 WNW 2 .78 .80

S. 2 k.

SE 2

SW 委 k.

Empress of China, str., ...31 32 124 20

.75 WSW 5

Kutsang, str.,....

19 6

114

Strathleven, str.,

...28 18

122 44

.77 SW 4

Brindisi, str.,

17 24

113 29

.85 .85

SW 3 D.

S 2

Peru, str.,

.28 10

Pallas, str.,

...25 3

Ching Ping, str., ...23 40

Hohenzollern, str., ...23

Fred. P. Litchfield, bk.,.21

123 41 120 24 .89 SW 4 k. 118 1 .85 SW 1 k. 117 48 .88 NW 2 114 14

.85 SW 4

Sishan, str.,

17 17

Frejr, str.,

Sishan, str.,

.21 13 .20 34

Sabine Rickmers, str., ...19 2 Yuensang, str., ......17 30 China, str.,

109 8 .82 115 28 111 51

.86

117 54 .90

110 29 .85

33333

102

.90 SE

3 crq.

Sabine Rickmers, str.....16 25 Catherine Apear, str., 15 47 Yuensang, str., 14 26 China, str.,.................. ..13 26 Phra Chom Khao str... 9 1 Phra Nang, str., 7 34 Glamorganshire, str., 6 13 Bellona, str.,

4 2 Jacob Christensen, str.,. 3 27

113 10 110 16

.80 SSW 1

.80

113 8

.81

SW 3 k.

120 22

.85

109 28

.81

107 11

SW 3 k.

107 3

.84

107 10

.86

105 58 105 25

1 10 09 10 0: 10 ☺ ☺ ☺, 1 1 ∞ 4 10 KN NOAA

4 k.

2 k.

3 k.

2 k.

⠀⠀⠀228 162ASAS22 3 3 3 2 3 AAAAAS

544

AUGUST, 1895.

August 4th.

Vessel.

Lat.

Long.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Lat.

North.

East.

Dir. For. ther.

North.

August 6th.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther

ins.

0-12

ins.

0-12

Victoria, str.,

48° 53′

179° 42′

30.22

var. 3 0.

Kwanglee, str.,

......22° 34' 115° 29′ 29.79 SW 3

Empress of Japan, str.....40

151 46

29.92

4 0.

Meefoo, str.,

Marie Berg, bk........37

122 54

orq.

Activ, str.,........

22 26 115 14 .....21 56 113 50

.81

var. 1

.80 SW 1

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 40

Verona, str.,

Pallas, str.,

135 11 .34 33 138 34 .31 48 128 44

.76

Ask, str.,

....20 52 106 42

.64

.77

ENE 2

Hongkong, str.,......20 30 107 50

.70

.69 SW 4

Frejr, str.,

...20 30

111 20

.75

Toonan, str.,

.31 33

121 19

.65 SSW 2

Jenny, sch.,

.20 13

119 32

Airlie, str.,

.30 20

124 42

.76 SW 5

Tailee, str.,.

112 32

.76 S 2

Ching Ping, str.,.....30

...300

122 45

.75

Chunshan, str,

19 17

112

Cassius, str.,

29 26

122 22

.68

Zafiro, str......

118

.81

...

cp.

Hohenzollern, str., ...28.56

Preussen, str.,.................. .28 18

128

.81

W 3

Bellona, str.,

15.29

112 55

.78

var.

122 8

.75 SW -1

Donar, str.,

15 4

110 6

.75

SW 4

Kwauglec, str.,

.28 3

121 23

.74 SSW 6

Guthrie, str.,

28 0

121 45

.74 S/W 5

Shantung, str., ......14 56 Jacob Christensen, str.,.13

110 13

.79 var. 1

آن

110 10

SW 5

Ancona, str.,

.26 54

122 7

.76

SW 4 k.

Namyong, str., ......10 40 108 50

.76 WSW 4

Empress of India, str.,...25 48

120 17

.75 SW 5 b.

Kutsang, str.,...

9 19

109 59

.82 WSW 4

op,

Aden, str.,

.23 53

117 53

.SO WSW 3

Sishan, str.,

108 47

.80 SW 2

Strathleven, str.,......23 46

118 12

.73 SW 2

Glenfalloch, str.,

3 36

105 40

.87

SE 2

Shantung, str.,

......21 27

113 40

.83 SW 2 k.

August 7th.

Brindisi, str.,

.21 26

113 56

Donar, str.,

..21 2

115 1

Jenny, sch...........

.20 39

118 58

Ask, str.....

..20 10

110 10

Frejr, str.,

.20 10

110 5

Catherine Apear, str., 19

113 37

.78

.74 75 NW F

SW 2

.81 SSW 2 b. .77 SW 4 b. SSW 4 0

Marie Berg, bk.,

...38 14

122 46

NW 2

Oopack, str.,

.34 40 135 11

29.72

0 C.

Riojun Maru, str.,...34 40 135 11-

.76

Peru, str.,

.34 29 138 49

.73

var. 1

Verona, str.,

.33 57

132 33

.71 WSW 2

Ancona, str.,

.33 56

130 54

.72 WNW 2

Kutsang, str.,

15 29

Sishan, str.,.

Sabine Rickmers, str.,

Chunshan, str.,

China, str.,

113 10 14 1 111 43 ∙13 50 109 28 12 7 109 26 .10 43 108 5

.83 SSW 4

Fuping, str.,

.32 52

128 42

.73

var. 4

.77 SW 3 orq. .80 SSW 2

Meefoo, str.,

.24 32

119 0

.78 SW 1

Taisang, str.,

..24 26

118 48

(*.

.80

var.

2 k.

Lyeemoon, str., ..............23 35

117 51

.79

.85

Devawongse, str., ...22

113 3

.79 SSW 2

Bellona, str.,

7 38

108 26

Ask, str.,

.20 52

106 41

.68

E 1

Jacob Christensen, str.,. 6

107 14

Jenny, sch.,

.20 31

120 24

EN 5

Phra Chom Klao,str., 5 21

105 57

.92 SW 3

Activ, str...

.20 25

111 10

.76

SSE 2

Phra Nang, str., •• 4 8

105 25

.86 ... 0

Zafiro, str.,...

19 56

116 10

.79 WSW 2

Namyong, str.,

3 41

105 31

.90 SSW 2

Bellona, str.,

19 44

113 29

Glamorganshire, str.,

2 17

105 1 Angust 5th.

.87 SSW 4

Tailce, str.,

17 4

110 24

Jacob Christensen, str...16 23

110 48

.79 var. 2 0.

71 SSW 4 k.

NE 1 k.

Gaelic, str......

29.89 ESE 3

Verona, str.,

Braemar, str.,

Peru, str.,

Aden, str.,

Airlie, str.,

Kwanglee, str., ......24 38

Cassius, str.,

Empress of India, str., ...22 26

Strathleven, str.......22 17

.72 SSW 4

Riojun Maru, str.,

Pallas, str.,. Ching Ping, str.,. Mascotte, str.,.......... Marie Berg, bk.,. Ancona, str., Toonan, str.,

.40 18 150 47 .34 40 135 11 .34 40 135 11 .34 4 137 30 .33 50 131 22 .33 46 130 8 .33 33 123 5 32 14 125 54 .37 27 122 58 29 54 126 11 .28 32 121 51 ..27 48 121 28

.27 41 121 28.

26 32 120 43

var.

.75 SW 3 .75 SW 1 .78

2 .81 WSW 3 .78 SW .70 SW 2 .74 SW 4 SSE 1

.80 SSW 3 .75 SSW 3

.80 SSW 2 m. Ching Ping, str., .76 SSW 2 k. Marie Berg, bk.,

...38 13 121 39

Namyong, str.,

110 7

.77

E 1

Shantung, str.,

11 9

Donar, str.,

11 5

Loosok, str.,

9.48

Glenfalloch, str.,

6 47

109 14 109

3 102 48 108 13

.78 SW 4.

.73 S 4

.81

SW 2 ().

Cromarty, str.,

6 41

109 18

.84 SW 5 ortl. .81 W 3

Kutsang, str.,

6 24

107 40

.83 SW 3

op.

3 3 2 3

Gisela, str.,

4.40

106 9

.82 SW 2

Sishan, str., Wingsang, str.,

4 27 106 10

.81

3 51

August Stb.

105 41

.85

...38 43

118 34

29.77

119 115 22 114 42

var.

.79 SW 3 b. .78

k. .80 · SW

Ask, str.,

.20 52

106 42

•66

Jenny, sch.,...

.20 19

119 27

CON-00 A

22222

Oopack, str., Ancona, str.,

34 40 34 23

135 11

.78

var.

* Foege

113 49

.76

var. 1

Fuping, str., k. Orestes, str.,

29 45

122 40

.74 SW 4 om.

.29 25

122 50

.67 S 3 0.

Mecfoo, str.,

.27 58

121 40

.75

SSW 1

('.

Taisang, str.,...

..27 55

121 43

S 3

('.

Hongkong, str., ......20 6

110 15

Lyeemoon, str.,

......27 23

121 16

.75 SW 2

Shantung, str., Douar, str., Esmeralda, str., Chunshan, str.,

Kutsang, str.,

Bellona, str.,

18 21 111 41 18 6 112 3 17 7 18 26 15 48 110 20 12 20 111 24 11 27 110 49

.78 SSW 3

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 22 15

115 10

.74 SW 3

.78 SW

.74 SW 3

.79

Sabine Rickmers, str., ...11 I

108 41

Sishan, str.,......................... 10 32 Jacob Christensen, str.,... 9 44

110 27

108 46

Namyong, str.,

7 J. 107 4 August 6th.

2E:8

.79

SW 4 SW 2 SW 5

Activ, str.,...............、 ..21 29 Jenny, sch., ...... .20 31 Kong Beng, str., ...20 15 115 34- Ask, str.,

.20 5 Chingtu, str.,..... 19.52 Jacob Christensen, str.,.19 21

109 5

121 3

.80 NE 2 .72 SE

SW,S?1

01.

.75 var. 2

110 20

NE 3

116 7

.76 SE

cp.

112 7

.77

SW 3 orq. Devawongse, str.,

5 .90 WSW 3

Namyong, str.,

Ixion, str.,

Tailee, str.,.

Marie Berg, bk........37 27 122 39

Ching Ping, str.,..

..37

Gaelic, str.,

.37 6

Fuping, str.,

.36 14

Peru, str.,

34 40

122 50 29.67 144 21 123 17 135 11

SW orf. 0 ofr.

.62 W. 3 .70 SW 1

Donar, str.,....

or.

Loosok, str.,

.72 SSW 2

Gisela, str.,

Riojun Maru, str.,

...84 40

Verona, str.,

Oopack, str.,

Mascotte, str.,.... Toonan, str.,

135 11 .34 40 135 11 .34 36 138 59 .33 57 130 28 .25 16 119 52

71 S I

Shantung, str.,

.68 SSW 2

Wingsang, str.,

.68 var. 1 .80 SW 2 .77 SSW 8

Propontis, str., Kutsang, str.,............. Ocampo, str.,.

111 49 .17 37 111 19 .16 43 110 54 .13 16 110 5 Gleufalloch, str., ...10 32 110 31 Cromarty, str., ... .10 21 110 35 9 0 106 7 8 58 106 25 8 38 109 7 8 8 107 37 7 27 107 59 5 106 19 3 7 105 34 105 6

18 36

.76 E 1

.76 E .70 SW 4 k. .77 WI 5 C. .76 W .78 WSW 5

2 b.

5 olgp.

.79

04.

or.

.82 WSW 5

.SI WSW 2

('.

2.57

2 .80 SW

3 .86 SW

SIF 2

AUGUST, 1895.

545

Angust 9th.

August 11th.

Vessel.

Lat.

North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

Long.

Bar.

East.

ius.

0-12

ins.

Marie Berg, bk.,..............38° 32′

120° 50'

ENE 1 0.

Frejr, str.,

20° 17′

110° 57′ 29.74

Wind.

Dir. For. ther.

0-12

0 oq.

Wea-

Taksang, str.,

..37 34

121 25

29.53

SE 3 0.

Loosok, str.,

.19 30

108 40

.75

SW 1 oq.

Ancona, str.,

Hohenzollern, str.,...35 0 Riojuu Maru, str., ...34 40

.34 40 135 11

139 30

.77

Jenny, sch.,

.19 28

121 44.

...

135 11

.79

Wingsang, str.,

18 50

113.58

.80

WNW 5

SSW 5 C.

•

.75

Propoutis, str., ...

.15 49

108 24

.73

... 0

Gaelic, str.,

.34 31 138 52

.76

Kong Beng, str., ...11

110 46

.82 SW 4 k.

Verona, str.,

.30 17 126 29

.74 SW

Sabine Rickmers, str.,...10

107 29

.86 SW 4

Fuping, str.,

.27 5

121 3

.72 SSW 6

Chingtu, str.,................

8 43

121 54

.86 SSW 2 C.

Orestes, str.,

..26 3

120 15

.76 SSW 3

Deyawongse, str.,

8 41

106 9

.83

SW 4 k.

Fushun, str.,

.22 57

116 52.

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora,.22 39

116 19

Nanyang, str.....

.22 22

114 51

75 SE 1 0. .77 SE 3 or. .72 SE 3 C.

Memnon, str.,..........

8 29

119 11

.81

NE 2 0.

Sishan, str.,

Activ, str.,

.21 20

109 5.

.71

W 1

Ask, str.,

.20 45

111 50

.63

0. q.

Namyong, str.,

.....20 40

113 22

.78

Jenny, sch.,.

...20 39

120 47

E 2 WSW 5

Ixion, str.,

.20 39

113 11

.73 ESE 4

cp.

Chingtu, str.,

....16 35

118 15

Kong Beng, str.,......16 30

114 2

.79 S 6 orq. .71 var. 4 q.

John Baizley, bk.,...42 Taksang, str., ........ .40 35 Ching Ping, str., ..38 3 Riojun Maru, str.,...34 40 Gaelic, str., ..... 31 46 Mascotte, str., ......31 19 Toonan, str.,

5 13 105 42 August 12th. 38 182 57 122 0

.84

var. 1 k.

NTN -

29.89 ESE

.79

120 38

.89

135 11

30.03

128 32

29.88

SSE

125 55

.92

.30

122 36

Devawongse, str.,........ 15

110 0

.69 SSW 4

Bygdo, str.,

.28 40

122 12

.78

Glenfalloch, str.,......14 28

112 45

.74 S 2

Pallas, str.,.....

28 19

123 58

.79 SSW

** 00 10 00 - 10 10 H 19

2 k.

1 k.

Cromarty, str.,

13 30

112 11

74 SSW 5

Jacob Christenseu, str., 26

120 47

S 1 C.

Gisela, str.,

12 42

112 15

.73 SW 4

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 24

118 4

.79

Loosok, str.,

11 54

109 24

.78 var. 1

op.

Kaisar-i-Hind, str., .23 50

118 17

.72 SSW 1

op.

Wingsang, str.,

.11 8

110 27

75 SW 3

Verona, str.,.

.22 32

115 47

.79 SE 2

01.

Tailee, str.,

10 18

107 46

.72 W 4

Loosok, str.,

.20 4

110 20

71 var. 1 oq.

Donar, str.,

9 1

103 5

.79

or.

Propontis, str.,

..19 31

108 27

.70 E 2

Propontis, str.,

8 35

107 58

.71 SW 2

Siam, str,

19 26

112 39

.77 SSI

Ocampo, str.,

5 54

105 59

.89

SW 2

Jenny, sch.,

.18 48

122 25

5 WNW 5 k.

Shantung, str.,

4 48 106 8 August 10th.

.85

SW 2

Machew, str.,

18 34

111 48

.76

Zafiro, str.,....

117

.82 SW 2 b.

Taksang, str.,

.40 12 121 37

Marie Berg, bk........38 21 Riojun Maru, str., ...34 40 Oopack, str.,

119 26

135 11

.33 58

130 55

29.29 NE 8 0.

7? or. .83 SW 2 b. var. 1 k.

Ancona, str.,

Gaelic, str.,

Verona, str.,

Fushun, str.,

Fuping, str.,

Nanyang, str.,

33 39 32 0 133 43 .27 33 123 1 .26 13 120 22 24 30 119 20 .24 36 119 1

136 35

.85 SSW 2

.77 SW 3 74 SW 5 .72 SW 3 .78 SW 3 .77 SSW 2

Memnon, str.,...... 11 48 Sabine Rickmers, str.,...11 P. N. Blanchard, sh., 10 Sishan, str., Kong Beng, str., 7 54 Chingtu, str.,..................... 4. 56

119 46

.79

111 11

.83

109 56

9 22

106 54

.80

var.

108 46

.81

...

123 20

SW .85 SSW 3

CV 10 – 09 OF 10 10 O DI DI

3 b.

2 k.

cm.

August 13th.

John Baizley, bk.....42

134 12

29.92

NW 2

Mascotte, str.,

..29 26

123 33

.88 SSW 3

Gaelic, str.,

.28 33

123 56

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora,.23 22

117 37

Frejr, str.,

Activ, str.,

Jenny, sch.,......

Glenfalloch, str.,......18 38

22 0 113 52 .20 10 110 10 19 47 121 6 113 30

.81 SW 1 .73 SSE 4 .71 SW 2

Jacob Christensen, str.,.28 33

123 35

Bygdo, str.,

.25 45

120 16

.78 SSE 3 ... ESE 5 .80 SSW 2

01.

Pallas, str.,.

.25 38

120 33

Ravenna, str.,

......24 35

118 55

Gisela, str.,

Cromarty, str.,

Loosok, str.,

Wingsang, str.,

Kong Beng, str.,..

.17 22 114 1 17 10 113 36 15 46 109 43 14 54 113 2 13 50 112 25

.78 S. .77 SSW 5 .77 SSW 5 .73 var. 1 .80 SSW 4 .80 SSW 5

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 24 20

Peiyang, str.,............

Loosok, str.,

op.

Jenny, sch.,

Siam, str.,

Yuensang, str.,

.16 6

118 50 23 8 117 23 .21 57 113 49 17 47 123 11 16 38 111 7 118 43

.80 W i 0. 77 NE 2 C. .81 SW 1 k.

.80 SE i .75 SE

NW .77 SSW 5

Chingtu, str.,

12 54

120 36

.85 SSE 2

Machew, str., • • • -

15 13

110 26

.77

Propontis, str., ......12 14

109 26

73. SW 1

Memnon, str.,................

.15

117 69

.75

Devawongse, str., ...11 14

109 1

.78 SW 4 k.

Sabine Rickmers, str.....12 26

115 5

.82

Ocampo, str.,

8 57

107 5

.89 WSW 4

P. N. Blanchard, sh., 11 41

111 20

SSW 4

Shantung, str.,

1 28

104 30

.86

oq.

Chowfa, str.,

August 11th.

Framues, str.,..........

John Baizley, bk., ...42

Taksang, str.,

40 35

132 30 29.74 122 0

.55

Marie Berg, bk.,.38 20 Peru, str.,

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 40

119

ESE 1 k.

.36 55

144 39 135 12

.99 N

2312

Kong Beng, str.,

8 45 8 22 4 28

Manila, str.,

Chingtu, str.,.

106 14 105 14 106 22 4 11 105 48 1 18 125 30-

August 14th.

.80 N 2 k.

.78 NW i

.79 var. 1 k.

.84 var. 1

21 100 1000+

نیہ نے ہمہ تین نشان نمی شه

04.

Mascotte, str.,

33 56

Gaelic, str.,

.32 32

Pallas, str.,

.30 52

Fusbun, str.,

.29 52

Nanyang, str.,.

.28 31

Kaisar-i-Hind, str.,...27 29

Toonan, str.,

Verona, str.,

.26 29 25 1

III.A.M.S. Aurora,.24 22

Gisela, str.

Machew, str.,

Siam, str.,

Zafiro, str.,

Cromarty, str., Hongkong, str., Activ, str.,

96 SW 2 b. 128 54 .87 SW 4 erq. 129 33 ,76 SSW 3

cpq. 127 28 .80 SW 4

0. 122 37

.80 E 2 k. 122 3 .76 var. I *0. 121 30 .73 SSW 2 120 40

.76 NW 3 119 35 .84 SW 3 118 8 .82 SW 1 or. .21 56 114 0 .77 var. 4 q. .21 30 113 37 .75 SSW 6 orq. .21 19 115 21

.80 SW 5 0. .21

115

.81 SSW 5 .20 47 113 54 .77 SIT G ..20 40 111 48

.72 SE .20 36 111 28

John Baizley, bk.,...42 59 Ching Ping, str., ...36 30 Riojun Maru, str.,...34 22 Oopack, str., .31 35 Jacob Christensen. str...30 59 Hohenzollerni, str.,...30 51 Preussen, str., Ravenna, str., ......28 41 Mascotie, str., ....27 0 Peiyang, str.,... .26 22 Gaelic, str., H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 24 33 Glenfalloch, str., ...23 14

135 44 122-46 132 28 125 12

29.88

.85 SSE 5 op.

SW 1 k. .93 SSE 3 m.

30.00 .00

1 b.

126 5

127 16

29.93

.29 54

122 38

.88 SSE £

122 13

.85 NE 2

121 24

.86 E 4 C.

120 38

.85 NE 2 Cu.

.25 7

119 47 119 24

117 25

.77 NE I C.

84 .83 E

or.

Bygdo, str.,

Pallas, str.,...

Ask, str,

Activ, str.,..............

.28 14 .23 1 .22 12 .21 53

117 20 117 7 118 30 113 44

.86 SW

...

.88 SW 1 0.

WNW-2 orą. .82 SIY +2 0.

546

AUGUST, 1895.

August 14th.

August 16th.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Lat.

Loug.

Bar.

Dir. For, ther.

North.

East.

ins.

0-12

ins.

Sungkiang, str., ......21° 27′ 114° 51′ 29.84

SSW 3

or.

P. N. Blanchard, sh.,17° 2'

113° 58′

Airlie, str.,

19 39

115 53

.85

SW 2

Jenny, sch.,

16 24 125 0

Yuensang, str.,

19 12

116 25

.83

Manila, str.,

.15 11

112 51

29.80

Catherine Apcar, str.,18 53,

114 12

.86

S 4

Picciola, str.,

.15 10

118 34

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

0 12

SW 4

SW 3 k.

E 2

.71 NW 4

•

Brindisi, str.,

.18 30

111 54

.81 SSW 4

ს.

Sangkiang, str.,.

.14 45

119 59

.77 NE 3

Memnon, str.,

.18 26

116 20

.79

W 2

China, str.,.............

.12 55

109 35

.74 ENE 1

Jenny, sch.,....

.17 17

124 23

NNW 2

Airlie, str.,....

.12 14

120 54

.78 NW 3

op.

P. N. Blanchard, sh.. 13

112 4

SSE4 k.

Catherine Apcar, str.,12

110 54

.81

SW 4

Siam, str.,

.13

109. 55

.82

S 5

Arratoon Apcar, str., 11 17

110 56

.75 W

Sabine Rickmers, str., ...12

118 27

.86

1 C.

Brindisi, str.,

11 10

109 5

.74

S 3

Machew, str.,

11 39

109 13

.76

3 k.

Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 10 5

112 35

var. 6

→

Chowfa, str.,

11 38

109 12

.80

Siam, str.,

7 24

106 5±

.82

SW 4

Framnes, str.,

10 42

108 20

.83

0 C.

Machew, str., ................

Manila, str.,.....

7 37

108 25

.88 SW

Matterhorn, bk.,

...

Arratoon Apcar, str., Natal, str.,

4 17 106 1

.87

var. k.

3 4 105 1 August 15th.

.88

S 1

John Baizley, bk., ...44 38 Riojun Maru, str., ...34 22 Siam, str.,

138 21 132 28

29.64 WSW 6

.89

S 1

33 53

131 11

.84 var.

Ching Ping, str....................33 51 Jacob Christensen, str.....33 31 Nanyang, str.,31 23 Fushun, str.,

122 49

.33 S

128 36

.31 23

122 20

.78 WSW 3

..30 46

122 17

.81 SE 2 k.

Lyeemoon, str., ....30 37

122 26

.80 SE 3

Peiyang, str.,

..30 2

122 38

.82. SE 2

Hohenzollern, str., ...27 31

122 45

.81 ESE 1 k.

Taisang, str.,

..26 59

120 56

.83 S 3

Glenfalloch, str.,......26 29

120 39

.81 NE 2

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora,.24 53

119 55

.81

Mascotte, str.,...............

.24 39 119 7

.82

Kwanglee, str.,

..23 26 117 38

.78 S 2

Ask, str.,....

Gaelic, str.,.

.22 58 .22 20

120 12 115 10

..80 W 2

SAASA S S 4 £ £ £

John Baizley, bk.,...47 Jacob Christensen, str., 40 Nanyang, str., ......39 51 Riojun Maru, str.,...34 22 Benvenue, str., .30 36 Kwanglee, str., ......30 33 Siam, str., ..... .28 56 Chinkiang, str.,......27 55 H.I.A.M.S. Aurora,.26 3 Tsinan, str.,

4 57 105 58 4 29 106 29 August 17th. 0 140 1

.81

SSW 4

SW 4 0.

29.89 NE 1

131 24

121 21

.72 NE 5

or.

132 27

.88 SSW 2

124 44 122 25

.80 SE 1

cin.

.76 SE 1 b.

123 51

.72 ESE 2

121 46

.73

0 k.

120 35

.76 NNE I

.24 10

118 13

.70 NE 2

Verona, str.,.

.24 9

118 40

.72 NE 2

Fushun, str.,

23 59

118 20

.76 NW

Preussen, str.,

.23 25

117 42

.72 NNW 1

Lyeemoon, str.,

.23 24

117 10

.72 ESE 1 b..

Ask, str.,

.22 58

120 12

Activ, str.,.

.21 29

109 5

Framnes, str., ......21 14

113 32

Bisagno, str.,

..19

112 22

.72

.72 WNW 2 p. .68 var. 4 orqtl.

SE 3 0.

2 k.

...

.74 SW 1

Manila, str., .............. .18 52

113.37

.75

Memnon, str.,

..21 40

114 30

.74

W 2

P. N. Blanchard, sh.,18

113 52

NW 2 SSW 4

Activ, str.,

...20 18 111 5

.77

S 3

Picciola, str.,

17 30

116 22

.71

NW 3

Hongkong, str., ......20 15

110 40

.77

China, str.,...

16 35

110 17

.70

S .1

Sungkiang, str., ......18 14

117 45

.82

SW 2

Jenny, sch.,

15 13

125 32

SW 6

Jenny, sch.,.........

..16 45

124 30

NW 4

Airlie, str.,

..15 55

118 27

.82 NW 1

Chowfa, str.,

.15 47 110 17

.74 SSE 3

P. N. Blanchard, sh., 15

113 29

Arratoon Apear, str., 15 Sungkiang, str.,.....14 35 Kaisar-i-Hind, str., .13 15 Tailee, str.,

113 4

.71

120 57

.74

11 56

Catherine Apcar, str.,15

112 58

Brindisi, str.,

14 59 110 6

.80

Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,10 Keong Wai, str., 9 6

111 47 116 50 7 112 58 103 39

.73 SW 3

ن ته ن له نه خنده

•

.73 var. 4 WSW 9

0q.

.78 SW 4

or.

...

Framnes, str.,

14 15 110 4

Picciola, str.,

12 25

120 50

.78 SE 1 .77 SW 4

Win. le Lacheur, bk., 11

110 19

Sabine Rickmers, str., ...11

121 19

.83

SSE 2

Manila, str.,.....

11 15110 50

.85

Tailee, str.,

Siam, str.,

Natal, str.,

Machew, str., .............

Hongkong, str.,

Chowfa, str.,

Framnes, str.,

Tailee, str.,

Arratoon Apcar, str.,

John Baizley, bk., ...46 Jacob Christensen, str.....36 52 Nanyang, str.,........... .36 4 Riojun Maru, str., ..34 22 Benvenue, str., ..32 45 Siam, str.,

Ching Ping, str........30 53 122 55 Glenfalloch, str.,......30 20 122 33 Fushun, str.,

.27 6 121 7 Kwanglee, str., ......26 44 120 51 Lyeemoon, str., .26 23 120 31 H.I.A.M.S. Aurora,.25 26 120 23 118 35 Hobenzollern, str., ...24 13 Taisang, str.,

.23 52 117 56 Ask, str.,......

.22 58 120 12 .22 50 116 27 Mascotte, str.,.

.21 29 Activ, str.,

109 5 111 30 .20 36 Frejr, str.,

5 110 18 ..20

19 28 112 19 17 57 111 22 17 45 113 0 113 36

Kaisar-i-Hinl, str.,...17 40

10 25 109 1 10 21 108 30 8 25 106 42 8 1 107 46 7 46 108 42 August 16th.

.79

.78 SSW 4 .86 WNW 2 .84 var. .84 NNW ...

4 org.

NESDA HA 6È

Catherine Apcar, str., 8 38 Airlie, str.,.............

109 28

.92

SW 5

8 4

121 45

.81

SW 2

Matterhorn, bk.,

Brindisi, str.,

Siam, str.,

Azamor, str.,

John Baizley, bk,...47

8 0 107 12 7 48 107 25 4 7 105 9 3 31 105 26 August 18th.

51 Taksang, str................... .37 33 Ancona, str.,

.34 33 Riojun Maru, str.,...34 22

.80 WSW 4 .82 S 4 .86 var. 2

or.

139 41 130 0

122 50

29.92 SSW 2 NW 1 .74 NE 2 cm.

or.

Orient, bk.,

Aden, str.,

.31 .29 10

Guthrie, str.,..

29 8

132 27

.80 W 2

128 10 .31 53 127 5

cm.

Benvenue, str., 28 3 City of Peking, str., 27 38

139 44 121 25 138 36 132 28 123 9 122 25 122 17 121 57 173 54

30.16 ESE 1 29.65 SE 1

.92 NE 3 .88 E 2

.78 SEE 5

78 SSE 4

.78. .75 $ .78 .77 SW

Tsinau, str.,

Verona, str.,

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 26 35

Siam, str.,

.76 NE 3 b. .75 NE 1 b.

N ,76 .71 ESE .74 SW 2 .66

.74 WSW

.68 SSW 4 .70 .71 SE

.71 .71 SSE .76

S 3 b.

.77 SW 3

(ON ON 01 02 03 TH CON ON H∞

Activ, str.,

or.

Esmeralda str.,

Picciola, str.,

China, str....

121

7 122 39 120 42 120 38 Ching Ping, str., ...25 10 119 45 Pallas, str.,....

23 28 115 12 .21 29

5 109 ..20 43 115 21 .20 37 114 43

19 39 112 32.

.27 26

var. NE

27 19

.25 55

.80 SE 4 k. .80 30.03 29.74

.75 E .78 ENE 1 .70 SSE 2 71 NNE 3 72 ENE 2

8 8 2 2 8 MA

SE 1 cm.

4 cpq.

3 C.

or.

نة

.70 var. 4 orqtl.

var.

Arratoon Apear, str., 19 18 113 32

.77

1 C. 71 NW 2 b. .73 SE .73 N

oq.

P. N. Blanchard, sh.,19 15 Holstein, str.,................

114

SSE 4

18 37

111 43

.66

S 2

S 2 k.

3 2 2 S S

Bisaguo, str.,

15 50

110 44

.72

SSE 2

Sungkiang, str.,.

14 35

120 57

.76

W 2 C.

Jenuy, sch.,

14 22

127 54

SSW 6

...

Natal, str.,...

Tailee, str.,.......

14 14 12 19

110 8

.72

NW 1 k.

120 39

.76

var. 1 oq.

AUGUST, 1895.

547

Vessel.

August 18th.

Long. East.

Lat. North.

Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 10° 52′ Matterhorn, bk.,...... 9 48 Keong Wai, str.,...... 9 36

113° 11'

109 50

August 21st.

Bar.

Wind. Wea.

Vessel.

Lat.

Long.

Bar.

Dir. For. ther.

North.

East.

ins.

0-12

ins.

WSW 5

WNW 4

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 30° 26′ Taksang, str.,....... .29 42

122° 13′ 29.80

Wind. Dir. For. ther.

0-12

N 5 k.

Wea-

122 36

.71

N 3

107 9

29.76

SW 3

Pallas, str.,.

.29 22 · 125 34

.63

NE 6

Kaisar-i-Hind, str.,... 9 14

109 47

.75

SW 4

Namoa, str.,

.23 20

116 44

.68

0 k.

Azamor, str.,

6 30

107 37

.82

W 3 orq.

Chi Yuen, str.,

.23 6

116 36

.67

Catherine Apcar, str., 5 51

107 20

.85

Natal, str.,

.22 40

115 53

.74

1 k.

Airlie, str.,

4 30 123 41

.85

S 2 k.

Fuping, str.,

..22 21

114 57

.72

Brindisi, str.,

4 7 105 36

.84

S 4 opq.

August 19th.

John Baizley, bk., ...48 15 140 11

30.14

SW 5 0.

Taksang, str.,

.37 4

123 17

29.85

E 1

Ancona, str.,

.34 40

135 11

.88 var.

Riojun Maru, str.,

.34 22

132 28

Tsinan, str......

.30 48

122 10

Verona, str,,

.30 20

126 18

.90 W I .79 NE 2 .77 ENE 6 0.

('.

P. N. Blanchard, sh.,21 18 Hongkong, str.,.....20 20 Frejr, str., .... ..20 5 Keong Wai, str., ...19 59 Propontis, str., ......19 42 Cromarty, str., ..19 27 Yuensang, str.,

......18 22

113 58

110 55

.75

•

110 20

.70

NE 2 b.

112 37

.75 NE 4 crq.

112 42

.76 E I C.

113 42

.73 E 4 k.

117 12

.68 W 1

Namyong, str.,

..18 17

114 10

.74 var. 1

City of Peking, str.,.29

167. 42

30.03

Cassius, str.,

.18 7

111 46

.74 S 1

Meefoo, str.,

.27 52

121 42

29.74

op.

Glenfruin, str.,

..16 43

113 30

.71

ep.

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora,.26 52

121 15

.76

Sishan, str.,

15 52

110 37

.71

Guthrie, str.,

.26 8

119 39

.70

NE 2

Lothair, bk.,

.15 51

118 23

SE 2

Benvenue, str., ...25. 7

119 42

.72 N 1

em.

Azamor, str.,

15 22

112 50

.73 W 1 C.

Pallas, str.,

..24 54

119 35

.70 NNE 5

Ching Ping, str.,......23

117 15

.71 ENE I

Sungkiang, str.,......14 35 Phra Chom Klao,str.,14 30

120 57

.72 WSW 4 or.

110 4

Activ, str.,

.20 10

110 10

.67 S 3

Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,14 12

113 46

.79 N 2 k. .72

var. 1 k.

P. N. Blanchard, sh., 19

113 52

SW 2

Matterhorn, bk, ...14 1

112 15

Natal, str.,

19 6

112 6

.74

NE 1

Preussen, str.,

.12 39

111 33

.72 SSW 2

Esmeralda, str.,

17 9

118 11

SW 2

Jenny, sch.,

11 33

131 55

Holstein, str., .............

.15 22

109 59

.62 SSE 2

...

Stanfield, bk.,..

.10 24

120 14

.80

SSW 6

SW 5 C.

Sungkiang, str.,

14 35

120 57

.70 WSW 2

Bengal, str.,

8 28

109 6

.79 W 5 oq.

Jenny, sch.,....

13 21

129 15

Keong Wai, str.,.... 12 52

109 30

Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 12

Bisagno, str.,

12 1

113 38 110 5

SSW 7? orq. .72

var. 1. cv. .70 WNW 1 0. .72

Phra Nang, str.,......

8 17

105 2

.75 WNW 2 orq.

Machew, str.,............

745

102 35

.79 W 4 0.

Bisagno, str.,

6 36

109 36

.80 WSW 5 or.

3 or.

Niobe, str.,....

5 19

Matterhorn, bk., ..11 53

111 48

S 1

Azamor, str,

9 38

109 34

.75 WSW 4

Siam, str.,

4 16

Chelydra, str.,

106 10 105 14 3 44 105 38

.86 WSW 4 op.

.83 WSW 2 .86 SW 3 or.

Phra Chom Klao, str., 8 26 Kaisar-i-Hind, str.,... 5 27 Catherine Apcar, str., 3 13 Airlie, str.,

105 28

.80 NW 5

or.

August 22nd.

107 0

105 23 0 45 125 40 August 20th.

.78 SSW 3 .83 S 4 org. .83 SW 5 oq.

or.

Toonan, str., Verona, str., Gisela, str., City of Peking, str., 33

.37 36

122 17

.34 33

134 48

.33 48

128 39

29.76 NW 3

.47 E .67 NE 9

7 orq.

149 10

.83 NNE 4

John Baizley, bk., ...51 13 140 54

29.74 SSW 6 orq.

Taksang, str.,

.33 21

123 17

Ancona, str.,

.34 40

135 11

.83 SE 3 .81 SSW 3

Pallas, str.,............31 39 H.I.A.M S. Aurora, 31

129 17

.51 NNE 5

121 40

.75 NNE 2

Kwanglee, str.,

..30 12

122 33

.70 NE 3

City of Peking, str.,.30 22

161 35

.98

var.

Taksang, str.,..

.26 42

120 34

.64 N 3

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora,.28 10

122 24

.77 NE 6

Natal, str.,

.25 35

120 8

.68 NE 3

Orient, bk.,

.27 46

121 45

76 NNE 6

Namoa, str.,

.24 28

118 4

.67 NNE 1

Pallas, str.,

.27 15

123

.69 NNE 5

Chi Yuen, str.,

.24 26

118 29

.66 E 1 0.

Ask, str.,.

.23 35

117 40

.70 E 1

Fuping, str.,

.24 0

118

.76 NE 2

Benvenue, str.,

..22 57

116 41

.70 NE 4

cm.

Aden, str.,

.23 11

117 15

.72 NW 1

Meefoo, str.,

.22 32

119 3

.72 NE 4

Sishan, str.,

.19 10

112 20

.75 NE

Frejr, str.,

..21 50

113 38

.74 ENE 3

Azamor, str., ................ .18 37 113 31

.74 NE

Cassius, str.,

Yuensang, str., ......21 31 Namyong, str., .......... .21 31 Glenfruin, str.,.........21 13 P. N. Blanchard, sh., 20 25 Activ, str.,

.20 18 Preussen, str........ .17 45 Keong Wai, str.,...16 37 Sungkiang, str., 14 35 Lothair, bk.,

Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 13 45 Matterhorn, bk.... 13 20

.21 32

113 38

.74 NE

114 49

.73 NE

Phra Chom Klao,str.,18 10 111 12 Loosok, str.,

.80 NE 1

115 58

.74 NE 2

Lothair, bk.,

5 108 16 17 26 117 49

.82

...

114 13 113 53 111 10 113 30 110 44

.71 E 4

cp.

Propontis, str.,

16 30

.16 30 111

NE 4

14 16

120 57 118 56

113 38

.71

.73

2 .71 SE 2 .73 S 2 .73 W 4

N SW

var.

k. orq.

Cromarty, str.,

Yuensang, str., ......15 21 119 39

Namyong, str.,

.15 12

112 40 ·

CV.

Matterhorn, bk, ...15 0

112 33

15 39 113 9

var. 1 C.

.76 var.

.75 SW 4 orl.

.76 SW 2

var. I

or.

Cassius, str.,

14 37

110 0

Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 14 35

114 0

33.

Sungkiang, str.,..

.14 35

112 20

Jenny, sch.,...

12 27

130 36

Sishan, str.,.

12 20

109 24

Azamor, str.,

11 59

111 43

.69 .74

var. 1 0. SSW 4

var. 1 k.

Stanfield, hk.,.

Bengal, str.,

Glenfruin, str., ....

13 30 13 0 .12 48

var. I

Phra Nang, str.,

Holstein, str.,

11 37

109 12

S 2

Jenny, sch.,

Phira Chom Klao, str.,10 47

Bisagno, str.,

Stanfield, bk.,

Bengal, str...........

Machew, str.,

108 34 8 55 109 10 8 32 118 56 4 22 106 3 4 5 104 8 Angust 21st.

.79 NW 3 78 WSW 5 .82 S 2 .83 ENE 2 .81 SW 2

Oopack, str.,

or.

Preussen, str.,

Siam, str.,

Chelydra, str.,

Martha, str.,

Bisagno, str.,................

Riojun Maru, str., ...33 58

Ancona, str.,

.33 49

130 55 131 26

29.74 NNE 3.

Letimbro, str.,

.70 NW 2

...10 40

10 32 1338 8 49 108 9 8 10 108 54 7 56 106 30 9 108 15 1 0 105 54 3 33 105 20 ...... 1 36 104 30 August 23rd.

120 57 117 51 111 55 111 23 108 26

.74 SW 4 k. .73 SW 1 k.

W .79

4 or. .80 WSW 6

oq. .75 SW 1

73 SW 2 .74 WNW 3 SW 4

.83 .77

SW 6 org. .80 WSW 5 .84 NW 4 0. :86 E

2 org. .88 SSW 2 .84 SE 2 k.

•

5 org.

or.

Empress of India, str.....33 47

132 26

.68 NE 4

Toonan, str.,

Gisela, str.,

.33 40 .32 25

122 42

City of Peking, str.,.31 34

125 32. 155 38

78 NNE 3 .79 NE 6

Verona, str.,

.38 53 117 51 .34 40 135. 11

.91 NE 3

نة

Riojun Maru, str.,...34 22 132 27 City of Peking, str., 34 15 142 47

29.78 NNE 4

.61 .60 .79 var. 1

(

329

548

AUGUST, 1895.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

August 23rd.

Long.

Bar.

East.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

ins.

0-12

Vessel.

Lat.

August 25th.

Long.

Bar.

North.

East.

ing.

Dentala, str.,

.32° 22′

129° 39′

Empress of India, str., ...31 48

125 45

29.36 NNE 5 .53 N 5

Nanyang, str., Natal, Str.,.....

Wind. Wen- Dir. For, ther.

......32° 54′ 123° 1' 29.58 NNW 4

0-12

.31 20

Peiyang, str., .........31 15

121 43

.65 NNW 4

Fuping, str.,

.30 29

124 122 41

.58 NNE 2 k.

.67 WNW 5

Ancona, str.,

...30 42

126 30

.47 N 6

Bentala, str.,

.28 31

Natal, str.,

...29 29

122 37

.66 NW 2

Taisang, str.,

.28 31

122

124 9 1

.56 NW 4

.64 NNE 4

Chi Yuen, str.,

......26 57

120 25

.65 SSW 2

Tsinan, str.,

.28 6

121 31

.60 SE 4

cm..

Tuping, str.,

...26 30

120 5

Kwanglec, str.,

26 14

120 31

.71

Nainoa, str.,

...26 8

119 39

.69 ESE 3 b. SW 3 .66. W 1

Rohilla, str.,

.27 12

121 15

.66

var. ]

1ს.

Empress of India, str.....26 50

120 52

.62

***

Fushun, str.,

.26 33

120 8

.68 ENE 2

...

Taksang, str.,.

.23 47

119 44

.65

Namoa, str.,

.26 8

119 39

Azamor, str.,

22 3

114 2

}

.77 SW

Activ, str.,

..21 39

113 21

Framnes, str.,

........21 38

113 47

.79

.76 SW 3 3.

oq.

Phra Chom Klao,str,,21 l

113 26

.82

NE 2 k.

Lothair, bk.,

.18 11

117 10

SSE 1

Bengal, str.....

17 45

113 28

.87

SW 2 k.

Loosok, str.,

.15 41

108 36

.82

Win. le Lacheur, bk., 15

114 3

.77

SE 1

Matterhorn, bk............. 15 5

113 33

var. 1

Sungkiang, str., ......14 35

120 57

.82 SW 2

Yuensang, str.,

14 34

120 52

.83 SW 5

32:22 ASS

Peiyang, str.,. Ancona, str., Lyeemoon, str.,

Activ, str.,....... Phra Nang, str., Lothair, bk.,

Frejr, str.,

Niobe, str.,.....

Memnon, str.,

24 36 119 5 24 34 119 1 .22 30 115 31 ..21 17 109 10 ...21 8 113 35 ....20 49 116 3 ..20 39 111 40 ..19 19 113 28 ..19 16 115 13

.62 W 1 0. .63 S 2 .67 SSE 2 .66 S 1 72 WNW 3 70 WNW 2

SE 2

.70 W 1 .73 $ 3 .75 WSW 2

Chelydra, str.,

18 47

113 38

.73 var. 1

C..

Bygdo, str.,

.18 3

116 56

.73

SW 3

Stanfield, bk., ...

.14 24

116 27

.82

SW 6 kq.

Matterhorn, bk... ..17 41

113 56

0..

Phra Nang, str.,......14

Propontis, str.,

Namyong, str.,

Cromarty, str.,........

Niobe, str.,

Cassius, str., Chelydra, str.,.... Seany, seh...... Glenfruin, str., Martha, str., Letimbro, str.,.. Trenssen, str.,

9.40

110 7 12 41 110 14 .12 18 110 54 .12 14 111 15 11 40 110 56 .10 52 108 48 10 31 110 35 9 57 134 1 108 52 107 29

6 56 4 58 106 0 4. 15 106 11 August 24th.

.76 NE 1 .71 SSE 4 C. .79 SSW 2 .75 SSW 4 .80 E 2 .75 WSW 6 .78 W 3 WSW 2 .76 SW 5 oq. .82 WSW 5 orq. .89 WSW 3 0. .91 SW2

Wm. le Lachenr, bk., 17

114 16

.70

Stanfield, bk.,.................

17 23

115 7

.70 WSW 1

•

Zafiro, str...

.16 0

119 5

.78 SSW 4

or.

Framnes, str.,

...15 16

110 20

.76 S 2 org.

Sungkiang, str.,........

14 35

120 57

.83

or.

Ocampo, str., .............

.14 23

109 29

.76

Sabine Rickmers, str.,.

.13 29

120 4

.84 S

Martha, str.,

13 13

110 40

.79 SW

Letimbro, str.,

11 3

110 56

.84 SW

Jenny, sch., Donar, str

9 10

136 26

9 3

106 9

Loosok, str.,

8 47

107 18

.81 .87 SW 5 k.

SW 4 (.

Cromarty, str.,

6 39

107 40

.84 SW 6 org.

Toonan, str.,

.38 53

117 51 29.78

Evandale, str.,..

.38 51

146 30

Nanyang, str.,.........27 27

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 22

122 49

132 27

.67 .65 N .49

N 4 NW 2

NE 3 c.

Verona, str.,........

.34. 7

135 0

.45 NE 4 k.

Bentala, str.,

.30 23

126 48

.33 NW

Chi Yuen, str.,

.29 52

122 36

.60 NW 4

Fuping, str.,

.28 31

121 53

Ancona, str., Peiyang, str., Namoa, str.,..... Taisang, str., Kwanglec, str., Fushun, str., Bygdo, str.,

Activ, str., Frejr, str.,

Lothair, bk.,

.27 48 122 13 .27 38 121 22 .26 8 119 39 .25 0 119 39 .23 17 117 40 .23 4 117 16 21 23 114 46 .20 10 110 33 .20 10 110 0 .19 8

.64 NW 3 .64 NW

.63 NW 1 .63

var.

SSSSR 3 6 2 8 8

Propoutis, str.,

6 5

107 43

.85 SW 2 op.

c. Gartha, bk.,

3.40

Glenfruiu, str.,

2 53

Toonan, str.,

Riojun Maru, str.....34 22 Fuping, str.,

.32 32 City of Peking, str., 32 31

110 35 104 41 August 26th.

.38 38 117 3 132 28 122 57

.87 SSW 2 C. .90 SW 4 org.

29.82

var. 1

.66 SSW 1

.86 NW 5

134

73 SW 4

Helene Rickmers, str., .32 23

128 50

.70

Fushun, str.,

.29 31

122 25

W N

2 0.

3 3 2 0 2 3

...

116 47

.68 SSW 4 .69 SW 2 .71 SW 2 .77 SW 2 .73 SSW 2 .70 SE 3 SE 1

Nanyang, str.,

.28 55

122 23

.78 NW 2 ogil.

Choysang, str., ......28 g.

121 41

Bentala, str.,

.26 37

121 25

Lyeemoon, str., ......25 22

119 55

.79 NNE 2 or. .73 SE 2 .72 NE 1

Tsinan, str.,

.24 59

119 28

.70

Bengal, str.,

24 34

119 5

.69

$ 3 SE 2

Namoa, str.,

.24 24

119 30

.71 NE 1

Framnes, str.,

.18 23

112 15

.78 SSW 3

Rohilla, str.,

.23 32

117 47

.72 S 2

Phra Nang, str........17 57 Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 16 12 Matterhorn, bk., ................16

111 14

.72

114 8

ESE 1 .75 SW 2

Empress of India, str.,...23 27

117 41

.68 SSW 1

Guthrie, str.,

.23 13

Stanfield, bk.,

Niobe, str.,

Chelydra, str.,.

Sungkiang, str.,

Tailee, str.,

Loosok, str.,

Ocampo, str.,

Sabine Rickmers, str., Namyong, str., Martha, str., Propontis, str., Jenny, sch...... Cromarty, str.,

Letimbro, str.,...........

Genfruin, str.,

113 40 15 18 116 0 15 14 112 47 .14 39 112 54 .14 35 120 57 .13 1 120 29 II 49 109 17 .11 3 109 12 10 26 121 51 9 56 110 2 9 63 109, 40 9 45 109 30 9.39 135 20 9 33 109 47 8 13 108 4 6 30 106 47 August 25th.

var.

Peiyang, str.,...

.82 SW 6 .77 S 2

Ancona, str.,

cp.

Lothair, bk.,

.77 S 3

cp.

Activ, str.,

117 23 22 32

115 45 22 20 114 55 22 5 114 51 .21 29 109 5

.70 SW S 1 .69 SSW 4 .70 WSW 3 SE 2 .71 E 3

oy.

.81 SSW 4 .83

Matterhorn, bk., ' ...18 44

114 12

S 2

ሰ,

Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 18–40

114 15

var.

.81 SW

Stanfield, bk.,.

18 33

114 28

SW 4

.81 W .82 SW 3 .78 SW 4 .80 W

Ocampo, str.,.

18 7

108 24

.75

144

or.

Martha, str., ........

16 37

Sabine Rickmers, str.....16

Bygdo, str.,

15 27

.79 SW 5

Memnon, str.,....

...

Sungkiang, str.,....

14 35

.81 WSW 7 .84 WSW 3 .79 SW 4.

Letimbro, str.,

.14 23.

110 46 118 9 119 38 116 28 120 57 113 15

var.

Donar, str.,

109.

.75 WNW 5 .79 SW 3-8 org. .81 S .75 .88 .79 SSW 3 .72 var. 3 b.

on.

5 org.

or.

Frainnes, str.,

Toonan, str.,

.38 38 117 5 29.74 N 3

City of Peking, str.,.34 25

Verona, str.,

34 25

Gisela, str., •

.34 25

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 22

138 39 138 21 134 17 132 28

.69 SSE 3 .62 SE 5

.41 SE 10 .19

E 2

3 3 3 3 8

Jenny, seb., Gartha, bk., Loosok, str.,..

Propontis, str.,

Cromarty, str., Cambusdoon, bk..

.11 30 108 59 9 6 137 19 5 35 110 35 5 23 106 7 4 25 105 53 3 34 105 47 215

107 35

W 32

.87 W .91 SW .86 SW .88 SI .86 SW

4ory.

5 org.

AUGUST, 1895.

549

Vessel.

Lat.

North.

August 27th.

Long. East.

August 29th.

Bar.

Wind.

Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wea-

Wind. Dir. For. ther.

ins.

C-12

ins.

0-12

Toonan, str.,

.40° 13′ 121° 47′ 29.93

var.

Namoa, str.,

.23° 20′

116° 44′

29.69

Asloun, str.,...

.35 22

146 34

Riojun Maru, str.,

...34 22

132 28

.91

SSW 4 SSW I

orq.

Keong Wai, str.,

...21 54

114 14

.70

Matterhorn, bk.,

...21 11

114 34

NNE 4

•

City of Peking, str.,.31 47

129 36

.91

var.

Donar, str.,

..21

113 8

.69 N 6

Victoria, str.,

.31 8

122 1

NNE 9

cu.

Stanfield, bk.,

..21 2

112 43

var.

Helene Rickmers, str., ...30 36

125 22

.92

W 1

Bengal, str.......

.28 23

122

.90

Nanchang, str.,

Nanyang, str.,......... Bentala, str., Choysang, str.,

Namoa, str.,.

.24 28

...25 35 119 59 .25 18 119 59 .24 32 119 1 ..24 27 119 1

118 4

Mascotte, str.,.

.22 54

116 30

NE 5 80 NNE 5 .77 NNE 5 .80 NE 5 .77 NNE 8 C. .75 NE 2 .77 NE 2

or.

cp.

Hongkong, str........20 38 Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 20 42 Activ, str., Phra Chom Khao, str...18 52 Sungkiang, str.,..............16 15 Devawongse, str., .15 56 China, str.,........15 40 Arratoon Apcar, str.,15 33 -

107 9

.72 NE

113 13

.69

....

..20 28

111 13

.74

orq.

111 38

118 46

.69

110 23

.75

or.

110 17

.75

orq.

110 13

.72

Activ, str.,

.21 29

109 5

.76 NNE 2

Japan, bk.,

15 23

144 40

Benvenue, str.,

.21 17

113 41

.74

2 ogr.

Benvenue, str.,

15 1

109 32

.72 NW 3

op.

Matterhorn, bk.,..............20 24

114

E 4

Siam, str.,

110 11

76 WSW 4

Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 19

114 16

.72

var.

Gartha, bk.,

13 56

113 46

.71

SW 4

Stanfield, bk.,

19 38

114 3

.74

Engelhorn, bk., ......11

110 37

Martha, str.,

19 34

112 31

.74

var.

or.

Kong Beng, str.,

8 32

105 26

.80

Sabine Rickmers. str.,

18 8

116 4

.75 SW 4

Machew, str.,... ... ... ... ·

8 31

105 53

.82

var.

Letimbro, str.,......

114 20

.76

SW 3

Cambusdoon, bk.,

7 22

107 35

.82

2 SW

Donar, str.,

15 4

110 6

.78 SE 2

Loosok, str.,

1 38

104 24

10 00 ON NO

oq.

Sungkiang, str.,

14 35

120 57

.84 ESE 4

August 30th.

Memnon, str.,

11 18

117 40

.83 SSW 3

Victoria, str., . .

.50

Jenny, sch.,...

9 8

8 54

.32 35

Meefoo, str.,

Nanyang, str.,...........

Ching Ping, str.,...

.22 24 114 58

Sabine Rickmers, str., ...21 57

Framnes, str., Devawongse, str., Gartha, bk........ Cambusdoon, bk.,

Toonau, str., Asioun, str...

...

137 28 107 8 53 106 23 8 32 111 6 4 8 106 55 August 28th. 40 35 121 59 .35 25

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 22 City of Peking, str.,.32 Bengloe, str., Lyeemoon, str., ......30 18 Helene Rickmers., str.,...28 24

Nanchang, str., Mascotte, str.,. Gaelie, str., Namoa, str.,.........

122 20 .76 ESE 4 .27 37

120 57 .78 NW 5 24 43 119 4 .79 NNE 5 .24 19 118 18 .71 NE 4 orq. .23 26 117 5 .72. N 2 .23

.73 0 116 40 ·

NE 4 .22 43 116 11 .71 NNE 3 NNE 4

NE 4-7 op.

W? .88 WSW 4 .86 SW 5 .79 W 5 .81 SW 1

orq.

Toonan, str.,

.40 34

176 11 121 59

29.73

.78

S 1

cq.

or.

Evandale, str.,

.34 40

135 11

Riojun Maru, str.,..34

132 28

30.10 SW

Nanchang, str.,

.34 4

122 47

29.90

var.

Victoria, str.,.......

.33 54

122 53

.90 var. 2 orq.

Gisela, str.,.

.32

127 9

.95 SE 6 0.

29.98 NNW 2

Mascotte, str.,

.28 35

123 35

.88

E 4 or.

142 21 132 28

30.07 WSW 2

Gaelic, str.,

.28 11

123 27

.03 WSW 1

Bengloe, str.,.....

...27 54

122 15

127 55

122 35

44 129 50 29.97 SSW 1

.93 E .85 ENE 2

or.

orq.

..72

114 7

.73

Frejr, str.,

.21 46

113 33

.72

N 3

City of Peking, str.,.27 Meefoo, str., Ching Ping, str., ...25 33 Helene Rickmers, str...........23 4 Niobe, str.,............23 2 Ask, str., .................. or.

22 59 Oldenburg, str.,. .22 30 Hohenzollern, str.,...22 22 Activ, str.,

..21 50 Matterhorn, bk.,..............21 27 Stanfield, bk.,.......................21 22 Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 21 3 Zafiro, str.,..

121 55

.75 ENE 4 .78 SE 3 .80 SE

cp.

.26 54

120 24

78 NNE 5

or.

119 40

78 NNE 6

.20 38

117 8 116 9 120 13 115 30 115 9 113 35 114 23 112 34 112 38 115 21

.66 NE 5 .71

N 6 ou.

WNW 2 p.

.68 NNW 6 orq.

.72

.71 ENE 5

NE 5 k.

11.

NNW

.74

.70

Letimbro, str.,..

.21 40

114 0

.71

NNE 4

Matterhorn, bk........21 10

113 55

var.

Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,20 29

114 15

.76

var. 1

Sungkiang, str.,......19 22 Devawongse, str., ...19 20 112 Keong Wai, str., ...18 32

116 31

.67

.73

Stanfield, bk.,

.20 24

113 31

.75 N/E 4

cp.

Rohilla, str.,

.17 40

Activ, str.,

.20

110 20

Arratoon Apcar, str., 19 13

China, str.,

Benvenue, str.,

Donar, str.,

Sungkiang, str.,

111 59 .19 7 111 50 .18 18 111 27 .18 8 111 8 ......14 35 120 57

Devawongse, str., ...11 59

109 22

Gartha, bk.,......................

..11 58

112 0

Siam, str.,

Jenny, sch.....

Framnes, str.,

Memnon, str., Cambusdoon, bk.,

6 108 53 9 28 138 10 8 40 103 58 7 39.116 46 5 48 107 3 August 29th. .40 34 Toonau, str., Riojun Marn, str., ...34 22 Evandale, str.,................ .34 20 Natal, str.,

.74 ENE 3 .69 NE ... .71 NNE 3 .70 NNW 2 .71 NW 4 .82 SW 4 .76 NE 2 k. .75 SW 6 .81 WSW 2 W 2 .93 WNW 2 .84 SW/S 5 .84 S 4

oq.

Siam, str.,

Gartha, bk.,

17 17 15 43

111 56 113 33 111 17

.71

.67

.74

Phra Chom Khao, str...15

Japan, bk.,........... op.

114 47 .67 109 36 141 18

.63

cq.

cp.

Engelhorn, bk.,..... 13 38 China, str.,... Arratoon Apcar, str., 11 25 Benvenue, str.,

11 52

112 8 109 19 109 13 108 57

.71

.69 SSW 4

Kong Beng, str., ...11 Loosok, str.,

oq.

or.

Machew, str., ... ... ....

Victoria, str., ... ... ... ... ....

Toonan, str.,

11 12

3 5 54 103 31 .88 SW 4 8 108 51 August 31st. 48 39 40 35

.66

108 46 .72

.75

.34 16

Gisela, str.,

.33 58

138 14 130 55

City of Peking, str.,.30 36 Nanchang str.,.. .30 26 Bengloe, str.,

E 121 59 30.02 132 28 .08 S 1 137 18

.14 SSW 2

NE .11

2 .01 29.88 SSE 4

Nanchang, str., ......37

168 11 29.97 121 59 122 12

.80

.90

ZAAAAZZAL DEZE BEK

4 cpq. 3 opq-

or.

NW 2

01 - 460 01 =

var. k.

SW 3

cq.

Riojun Maru, str.,...34 22

132 28 30.00

Kagoshima Marn,str.,34 132 23

.06

1 k.

Gaelic, str.,..... 31 46

128 0

29.90

var.

Mascotte, str., ......30 24

126 12

.93

.30 15

Victoria, str.,

.30 9

...

Mascotte, str.,.......................26 47

121 25

Helene Rickmers, str., ·25 36

120 13

Meefoo, str.,

25 8

Gaelic, str.,...............

..24 44

Ching Ping, str.,..............23 27

119 37 119 9 117.42

126 41 122 52 .81 NW 1 124 57 .84 ESE 2 122 53

N 3 .76 NE 5 .69 NNE 4 .71 N 4 .69 NNE 4 org. .72 NE 5 orq.

cq.

Gisela, str.,...

.29 13

123 48

.83

or.

Fushun, str.,

ep. ed.

Meefoo, str.,

Bengloe, str.,..........

28 57 122 11 28 51 122 10 Ching Ping, str., ...27 24 120 45 .25 8 119 41

.84

ESE 3 orq.

.78

or.

.74 N/E ± md. .68 NNE 4 o.

...

Niobe, str.,..

2 119 9

op.

Oldenburg, str.,.

.25

120

...

Hohenzollern, str.,...24 29 Ancona, str.,

23 25

9 119 117 40

.71 NE 6 em. .68 NNE 4 .68 NE 5 2 .66 NE

().

550

Vessel.

August 31st. Lat. Long.

East.

North.

Bar.

AUGUST, 1895.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

August 31st.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

Long.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

East.

Dir. For. ther.

ins.

0-12

ins.

0-12

City of Peking, str.,.23° 14'

Ask, str.,..

Devawongse, str., ...21 40

117° 29′ 29.72

.22 59

120 12

113 40

Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,.21

113 5

var. 2 SSE 1 0. .69 E 4 .64 SW

Keong Wai, str.,' Machew, str.,.

14°51′

110° 13′ 29.70

NW 3 C.

14 34

110 10

.67

N 2 k.

Kong Beng, str.,

...14 26

110 1

.68

NW 2

Engelhorn, bk.,

.14 11

112 16

NE 2

oq.

Frejr, str.,

.20 30

111 19

.69 NNE 5 q.

Rohilla, str.,.

.13 16

111 38

.64 WSW 2

Siam, str.,

.20 17

113 4

.66 NNE 4

Guthrie, str.,

.18 25

116 14.

Zafiro, str., Gartha, bk.,.......

.17 34 118 14

.68

.16 16 115 11

.71

.70 ENE 4 SE 3 NE 2 oq.

Cambusdoon, bk., ...11 Phra Chom Khao, str....11

112

.62 W 2

108 40

.65 SW 4 0.

Arratoon Apcar, str., 8 34 Loosok, str.,

108 24

.69 WN7

8 19

102 38

.77

W 1 q.

Japan, bk.,

.15 9 139 10

... orq.

SEPTEMBER, 1895.

September 1st.

September 2nd.

Victoria, str.,

46° 52′ 160° 48′ 29.98

Holstein, str.,.......

15° 0′ 110° 15′ 29.65

Toonan, str.,

.40 35 121 59

.82

SW 2

Cambusdoon, bk., ...14 42 113 0

Esang, str.,

..35 2

122 50

.87

SSE 2

Cassius, str.,

..14 38

110 12

Kagoshima Maru, str.,31

130 50

30.00

SE 1

Guthrie, str.,

.12 14

120 50

NW 4 .62

0 k. .74 WNW 5 or. .73 SSW 5 orq.

Riojun Maru, str., ...30

126 33

29.93

SE 4

Phra Chom Klao, str....

104 2

.80 W 5 orq.

Taisang, str.,

.29 37

122 22

.84

Keong Wai, str.,

४

107 0

.76 SW 1 0.

Oldenburg, str., ......29

122 15

.81

SE 3

Bombay, str.,................

108 17

.86 W 3 orq.

Ching Ping, str., ...28 20

121 53

.80 ESE 3

Guildhall, str.,

6 5

107 10

Fushun, str.,

27 31

121 14

.81 ESE 3

Rohilla, str.,

5 55

107 23

Niobe, str.,

..27 1

123 8

.82

SE 6

Benlarig, str.,......................... 5 0

106 9

.86 SW 2 k. .84 SW 3 0. .92

SW 4 Q.

Hohenzollern, str., ...26 54

123 30

.80

E 4

Arratoon Apcar, str.,

2 42

104 58

.87 SW/S 4

Ancona, str.,

.26 18

121 20

E 5

......

September 3rd.

Gisela, str.,

.26 15

120 39

.78

SE 5

Victoria, str.,................

.42 49

148 27

29.93

var. 2 fp.

Kwanglee, str., ......23 30

117 22

.79 NE }

.b.

Toonan, str.,

.37 33

121 26

Bengloe, str.,

.22 55

116 39

.73 ENE 2

Verona, str.,

.34.37

Phra Nang, str., .21 57

113 52

.74 WNW 1

Wm. le Lacheur, bk.,.21

113 27

.71 NE 4 k.

Sishan, str.,....

.20 47

114 30

.71

NE 2

k..

Ching Ping, str., ...34 33 Hohenzollern, str.,...32 23 Ancona, str.,

135 10 123 9

.87 W .96 S/W 2 .84 N

133 33

Machew, str.,

.18 16

111 25

.64

N 3

oq.

Niobe, str.,........

Kong Beng, str.,..

17 50

111 15

.67

Esmeralda, str.,

.17 15 118 14

Gartha, bk.....................

16 49

115 31

N 4

q. .76 var. 1 k. .63 ENE I

Kwanglee, str.,

.32 19 129 10 .30 7.129 9 .29 32 122 23

Esang, str.,..

.27 47

Japan, str.,

15 9

136 0

.74

S ... orq.

Engelhorn, bk,.....15

111 34

var. 1

Guthrie, str.,

15 0 119 8

SES 2 ory.

Tailee, str.,

14 28 120 10

.64

SW 4 orq.

Chi Yuen, str., ......27 Kagoshima Maru,str.,26 46 Hailoong, str., ..............25 13 Riojun Maru, str.,...25 8 Tailee, str.,...

121 16 120 26 124 19

.97% .85 .85 ESE 7 C. .84 NNE 5 b. .74 NNE 8 orq. .69 NE/N 7 oq.

NNN ~

2 b.

E 4

121 9

.62 ENE 5 b. .65 NEN 8 orq.

121 45

.61 NE N 4

.23 7

114 56

.66

نة

Cambusdoon, bk.,

...12 59 113 9

.64

var. var. p.

Ask, str.,

.22 59

120 12

.36

5 orq.

Holstein, str.,

.12 0

109 21

.62

N 1

Sabine Rickmers, str.....22

116 21

..67

Keong. Wai, str.,.

.10 54 108 34

.72

SW 3 or.

Frejr, str.,

22 2

113 52

.65

Loosok, str.,

10 40 101 31

.81

Rohilla, str.,

9 22

109 15

W 4 .71 WSW 5

Wm. le Lacheur, bk., 21 36

113 29

.69 NW 2

Activ, str.,.....

.20 19

111 5

.75 var.

oq.

Phra Chom Khao, str.,

...

8 55

106 41

.73 WSW 6

Gartha, bk.,

19 51

114 17

.69 NE 3

Arratoon Apear, str.,.

5 38

107 11

.77 SW 6

...

Holstein, str.,...

.17 9

110 48

.64 N 2

Bombay, str.,

4 20

105 56

Guildhall, str.,......... 3 12 105 15

-85 SW/W 4 .83 SW 2

€.

Cassius, str.,

Engelhorn, bk.,

September 2nd.

Japan, bk.......

Victoria, str.,

Toonan, str.,

Verona, str.,

Gaelic, str.,

Ching Ping, str.,

Esang, str.,

.45 29 155 8 30.09 NE 4. .40 35 121 59 34 42 139 7 .33 46 132 25 122 56 ...31 31

.31 16 123 6

29.86 SSW 2

.92 NNE 3 .93 E 1

Chi Yuen, str., ......29 52

122 36

.79 S 3 k. .83 S 3 k. .83 SSE 1 k.

Hohenzolleru, str., ...29 22

128 21

.88

Ancona, str.,

.29 19

125 4

.82

Kagoshima Maru, str.,28 55

127 22

.98

Niobe, str.,

.28

126 5

.78

EEEE

4 b.

2 3 2 3 344 345

Cambusdoon, bk., Sishan, str., Phía Chom Khao, str. Bombay, str.,............ Guildhall, str., Guthrie, str., Benlarig, str.,....

Khedive, str.,..

Keoug Wai, str., Rohilla, str.,.

6 cq.

110 36 .15 46 113 8 .15 21 133 0 ...15 18 113 20 .13 28 109 38 11 20 101 36 .11 11 110 54 8 56 109 32 8 51 121 52 ४ 3 108 43 4 50 105 56 106 2 4 41

8 104.38 September 4th. Victoria, str.,.........39 6 144 9

.16 59

.68 NNW 4

Cv.

...

var. 1 .78 S 7 .64 var. 2 k.

...

.74 SW 2 orq. .68 SW 4 orq. .77 WSW 6 .90 SW 4 .80 SW 5

or.

in.

.87 SW 4 .91 SSW 3 30.00 S

29.90 SW S 3

8 8 2

Ꮕ. .

30.00

Riojun Maru, str., ...27

Kwanglee, str., ..............26 13

Taisang, str.,

Fushun, str.,

Gisela, str.,

Ask, str.,..

Activ; str.,

Machew, str.,

Kong Beng, str........21

Esmeralda, str.,

Phra Nang, str.,

Gartha, bk......

Sishan, str.,..

Tailee, str.,

Engelborn, bk., ......15 35

123 15 119 55 120 13 .25 57 .24 13 118 24 .23 8 -117 14 .22 59 120 12 .21 48 113 40 Win. le Lacheur, bk.,21 39 113 14 .21 28 113 31

2 113 3 .20 35 115 31 .20 10 110 23 18 18 115 15 17 24 111 36 17 14 117 22 112 35

.85 SE 3 b. .84. NE 6 b. .82 ENE 2 .72 NE 2 73 NNE 6 W 2 .70 SW 2 .75 var. 2 .70 NE 4

Ching Ping, str.,.

.37 33 122 23

29.92

Toonan, str.,

Gaelic, str.,

Verona, str.,

Mary, bk.,

.35 37 34 28 34 2 32 13

Niobe, str.,.

32 5

122 50 138 27 130 47 126 55 133 6

.88 30.02

200

29.94 ES 4

ندن له نده

6 orq.

oq.

Evandale, str., ......31 29

122 54

Chi Yuen, str.,

76 NNE 3 .77 E 5 .75 .69 NE .67 .61

Osaka, bk.,.................

Esang, str.,...

var.

1 org. 3

Riojun Marn, str.....25

var.

2 orq.

Hailoong, str., ......24 27

Choysang, str.,

var.

Japan, str.,

...15 18

134 31

.74

1 orq. orq.

Ask, str., ..........

Nauyang, str.,

Mount Lebanon, str., 29 37 128 13 .29 7 120 26 123 19 .28 41 .27 47 121 16 Kagoshima Maru, str., .25 11 121 25 121 45 118 1 116 54 120 12 114 52

.98 SE E 5

b. .96 SSW 5 .80 ESE 6 k.

58 NE 6 orq.

NE/E 7 .56 NE 6

.27

cr.

.87

6 orq.

.23 12 22 59 ..22 21

.55 NNE T .58 NNW 1

9 org. .60 NW 3

September 4th.

SEPTEMBER, 1895.

September 6th.

551

Vessel.

Lat. North,

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For ther.

Lat. Long. Bar, North. East.

ins.

Activ, str.,

.21°29′

109° 5′

29.73

Gartha, bk......

.21 16

114 21

.61 WNW 3

0-12

0 C. k.

ins.

Wind. Dir. For. ther.

0-12

Wea-

Donar, str......

16° 0′

110° 4′ 29.80

Sungkiang, str., ......20 59

115 15

.59 NW 4

Sungkiang, str.,......14 41 Wandering Jew, sh., 13 43

120

.83

S 1 b. SW 4 ela.

112 22

.76

SW 2

Frejr, str.,

...20

110 20

Holstein, str.,

..20 2

112 34

.63 W 4 b. .39 WNW 4

Propontis, str.,

6 19

105 57

.89 SW 4

Changsha, str.,

3 40

124 17

.88 NW i

له دا

Cassius, str.,

.19 42

112 30

Engelhorn, bk., ......16 38

114 24

Cambusdoon, bk., ...16

113 10

.69 WNW 3 Cv.

NW 5 k. .67 WNW 2 k.

Sishan, str., ................... 2 42 Keong Wai, str., 2 26

104 40

.88 SSW 1

Japan, bk.,

15 50

130 0

...

SSW 7 orą.

Bombay, str.,

14 41

Guildhall, str.,

Benlarig, str.,

Sishan, str.,...........

Wandering Jew, sh.,

9 10

112 32 12 2 111 37. .11 25 111 18 9 13 109 12 109 4

NW 4 cp.

.80

SW 4 cp.

104 25 September 7th. Jacob Christensen, str.,. 40 7 131 13 Marie Berg, bk., ...38 27 120 27 Natal, str.,.......................... .34 53

...

.85

W 2

NE 6

or.

EN var. k.

139 21

29.84

S 2 k.

.77 WSW 4 0.

Hohenzollern, str.,...33 49

135 7

.67

SE 6 c.

Khedive, str.,

8 52

108 43

.87

Guthrie, str.,

5 6

123 27

Keong Wai, str.,......

1 31. 104 33

September 5th.

.81 WSW 5 k,

WSW 5

oq. SW 3 0. S 4 C. .84 SSE 5

Victoria, str.,

33 41

135 16

.71

SE 5

Fuping, str.,

32 50

122 39

79 NW N 7

Siam, str.,

.32 29

126 54

.44 NE 5

Empress of India, str., .31 11

121 56

Asloun, str.,

.31 7

127 30

73 NW 8 .29 NNW12

Bellona, str.,

30 16

131 12

Ching Ping, str............. ..38 15 120 3

Fuping, str.,

.36 6

122 31

Victoria, str.,

.35 25

141 42

Niobe, str., Ancona, str.,

..34 2

137 9

Asloun, str.,

Bellona, str.,

.33 46 132 5 .33 42 129 59 .33 21 134 23

.81

Toonan, str.,

.32

•

Mount Lebanon, str., 28

Osaka, bk.,

.27 53

122 40 58 126 46 123 0

WNW 4 29.90 NNE 2 30.03 S 2 29.99 ESE 4 .86 NE 2 E 2 ESE 6 NE 4 .55 ESE 8 NEE 9

Toonan, str.,

.30 8

122 32

.74 WNW 6

SSE 10 org.

Verona, str.,.

..30

127 58

.18 NW 10

Lyeemoon, str.,

..30

121 56

.82 NW/N 3

Choysang, str., ......30

122 34

.74 NNW 7

Mount Lebanon, str.,28 55

124 18

.74 NNE 5

Nanyang, str., ......28 14

121 45

.77 N 6 b.

orq.

Osaka, bk............

..26

120 27

N/W

Riojun Maru, str.,...25

121 45

.82 NW 3 b.

Kagoshima Maru, str., .25 9

121 45

.73 NW 3

...

or.

Esang, str.,....

23 27

117 41

.78 NNE 3

Esang, str.,

.27 47

121 16

Chi Yuen, str.,

.27 9

120 26

Kagoshima Maru, str.,...25 55

122 10

Choy Sang, str.,......25 45

119 45

...

Riojun Maru, str., ...25

121 45

.28 NNW 4 org. .31 NNW 7 or. 28.89 W 10 or.

NW 4 29.20 WSW 9

Khedive, str.,....

..21 6

113 55

.82 NNE

Activ, str.,..

20 40

111 36

.85 N 4

Cambusdoon, bk.,

...20 31

113 18

NNE 4

og.

Japan, bk........

18 22

124 6

orq.

Yuensang, str.,

.14 59

119 48

.82 SW 6

cp.

Hailoong, str.,..................

.23 34

117 19

.52 WSW..

Wandering Jew, sh.,14 48

113 7

.78 WSW 2

Activ, str.,

.21 29

109 5

.72

Sungkiang, str.,......14 35

120 57

.85 SW 5 0.

Letimbro, str.,..

.19 23

112 14

.70 WSW 4

Phra Nang, str.,

...14 31

109 22

.80 SW 2

Engelhorn, bk.,

.19 22

114 34

NNW 2

...

Gisela, str.,

.13 54

112 16

.81

SW 3 C.

Donar, str.,

.19 4

Bombay, str.,

Sungkiang, str.,

Cambusdoon, bk.,

112 2 .18 32 113 42 .17 46 117 35 ...17 32 113 20

.67

.68 W 4 .71 W 4 W 4.

Letimbro, str.,

.12 25

109 45

.80

Donar, str.,.............

.12 6

109 5

.80

Benvenue, str.,

.10 20

107 39

.84

.68 WSW 4

Propontis, str.,

Japan, bk.,

16 47

127 14

.74 SW 6

Changsha, str.,

Guildhall, str.,.

15 16

112 44

SW 4

Keong Wai, str.,

9 49 107 5 7 3 121 55 6 46 102 49

.85 SW

.88 WNW 2 k. .84 WNW 3

09 10 CO 1O A CO

3 k.

4 b.

2 k.

3 C.

Benlarig, str.,

15 1

113 5

.77 SW

Khedive, str., ............. 12 41

111 21

77 W 2

Wandering Jew, sh., 12 15

111 10

.78 S

Marie Berg, bk., Gaelic, str.,

Siam, str., Asloun, str.,.......

Sishan, str.,................

Guthrie, str.,

Ching Ping, str.,...

.38 53 117 51

Fuping, str.,

Bellona, str.,

Verona, str.,

Toonan, str.,

.36 25 122 48 .34 2 130 48 .32 57 128 1 .31 34 131 51 .31 12 128 13 .30 43 122 16 126 20 120 48

5 47

107 13

.84 SSW 2

or.

...38 39 .37 29 Jacob Christensen, str., 36 20

.....

131 9

1 7 125 32

September 6th.

.84 S 5

Marie Berg, bk........38 46 120 20

Osaka, bk.,

Esang, str.,

.20 4

Mount Lebanon, str., 29 · 55 Choy sang, str., ......27 23 Empress of India, str., ...27

121 5 .27 4 123 12 .26 40 120 11 Chi Yuen, str., ......25 58 120 2 Nanyang, str.,................ ..25 10 Riojun Maru, str., ...25 9 Kagoshima Maru, str., .....25 9 Hailoong, str.,.........23 21 Engelhorn, bk., ......21 22 Hongkong, str., ......20 38 Activ, str.,

NNE

N 4 29.70 N 6

.64 SEE 5 .43 SSE gale orq.

ESE 9 org.

.35 SSE 8 .44 NNW 8 28.90 ESE 12 29.57 W 3 .52, NNW 6 WNW 7

...

Natal, str., ................................32 15 Empress of India, str., .31 33 Nanyang, str., ......31 15

137 20

September 8th.

119 56 144 36 29.84 SSE 4 W 6 78 SW 3

N 4 k.

or.

124 34

.88 NNW 5

121 43

.92 NW 4

Evandale, str.,

..30 10

122 50

30.08 WNW 2

Fuping, str.,

.29 6

Bellona, str.,

.29 2

122 28 129 52

Siam, str.,

.29 0

123 23

.01 W/N 4 }>.

WNW 6

NE 4

Asloun, str.,

.28 32

126

29.89. NNW 5

k .

Verona, str.,

.28 13

124 15

.91 NW N 4

orq.

Bengal, str.,

.28 12

121 54

.96 NW 4

or.

Kwanglee, str.,

.27 45

121 27

.94 N

Orient, bk.,

..26 28

122 25

.94 N

Toonan, str.,

.26 15

120 29

.93 NE 2

or.

Lyeemoon, str., ......25

120 11

.96 NE 1

.53 S

Riojun Maru, str.,...25

121 45

.94 NE 3

.54 WSW 2

Kagoshima Maru, str., .25

121 45

.90 ENE 3 C.

119 43

.60 var. 1

Tai Lee, str.,

..22 54

116 58

.90 NE 6 k.

121 45

.57 WSW 4

Fushun, str.,

.22 24

115 15

121 45

.49 SW 4

Activ, str.,................

.22 0

113 45

.95 ENE 3 k. .94

116 40 114 49 107 8

.69 NW

Cambusdoon, bk., ...21 16

112 58

NW 2

Japan, bk.,..............18 30

123 26

.74 NW

•

Yuensang, str., ......18 19

117 11

110 20

Cambusdoon, bk., ...19 40 Benlarig, str.,

113 46

75 E .67 NW 3

.18 49

113 40

Guildhall, str.,. .18 33

113 32

Japan, bk.,

.18 21

Phra Nang, str.,......18 5

Gisela, str.,

124 46 108 22 ..17 58 113 52

Khedive, str.,

Letimbro, str.,.................16

..16 53 113 12 6 110 31

74 SW 4 k. 76 WNW 4 .74 SSW 5 .78 NW 2 k. WSW 4 .77 SW 3 k.

75 SW 3

Wandering Jew, sh.,15.46 Sungkiang, str.,......14 35 Devawongse, str., .14 27 109 54 Benvenue, str., .12 38 109 31 Changsha, str., ... .11 16 121 25 Keong Wai, str., ...10 40 101 35 C. Loosok, str.,

..10 34 102 17 Gisela, str.,

.10 17 109 47 0. Donar, str.,...................

9 2 107 Į

113 0

120 57

orq. .85 NE 1

cp. SSW 2 k. .86

! C. .83 W 2 0. .85 NW 3 .86 NW 1 .84 W 4 .85 SW 3 .89 SW 6 .92 SW 4

N 3 k. NNE 4 k.

...

or.

C. k.

q..

552

September 8th.

SEPTEMBER, 1895.

September 10th.

Vessel.

Lat.

North.

Long. East.

Bar.

ins.

Wind, Wea- Dir. For. ther. 0-12

Vessel.

Lat.

North.

Long. Bar.

East.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther..

ins.

Letimbro, str.,... Memnon, str., Namyong, str.,

8°54′ 108° 16′

8 18

119 16

29.89

107 4

.92

SW 4 k.

W 4 SW 2

Sungkiang, str.,......14° 35′ 120° 57′ 29.78 Namyong, str., 12 51

0-12 N 3 0.

109 46

77 NW 5

Pingsuey, str.,. .......

12 7

111 86

.77 WNW 5

opq-

Pingsuey, str.,..

4 35

106 24

.97.

Loosok, str.,

.11 0

108 48

.85 var. 1 k.

Kutsang, str.,

3 54

106 1

.95

Kutsang, str.,................

.10 46

110 59

.80 W 3 C.

Gaelic, str.,

Marie Berg, bk.,.

September 9th.

40 24 151 11 30,10

.40 8 121 30

...

Victoria, str.,

121 30

SW S

Ancona, str.,

33 40

136 27

29.96 NNE 1

Lyderhoru, str., ......30 32

126 41

30.02

Evandale, str.,

.29 55

122 25

.14

NE 5

S ¿ £ £ S S

Gaelic, str.,

Bellona, str.,

.28 17 125 36

N 5

Victoria, str.,• • • • •

Devawongse, str., Jenny, sch., Phra Nang, str., Gisela, str., Letimbro, str.,.

8 26 104 49 6 24 137 18 4 10 105 43 2 59 104 56 2 43 104 53 September 11th. .45 5 164 45 35 28 122 53

SW/W 6

.83 SSW 3 .85 SSW 3 .85 SSW 3

30.17 NNW 4 0

.82 NW 1

Meefoo, str.,

.28 12 121 56

.JI

NE 1

Braemar, str.,..

.34 32

138 57

Orient, bk.,

.27 22 121 50

.04

NE 4

Empress of India, str., .34 31

135 7

.17 NE 2 .12 SSW 2

Or..

Asloum, str.,

.26 19

122 24

E 2

Hohenzollern, str.,...34 20

133 30

.19 NW 2

Fuping, str.,

.25 39

120 11

Verona, str.,

.25 17 119 59

.06 NNE 4 .00 NE'E 4

Natal, str.,....

.32 9

127 20

.13 SW 2

Tailee, str., ... ·

.29 9

123 47

.07 NEN 4

Siam, str..

.25 14

119 51

ΝΕ 5

...

Victoria, str.,..

.29 6

128 57

.03 ENE 4

Riojun Maru, str., ...25

121 45

Kagoshima Maru, str.,... 25

121 45

Tailee, str.,

Bengal, str.,

Fushun, str.,

.24 46 119 21 .24 10 118 13 .24 9

29.99 .95 .99 NEN 7

E 3

Orient, bk.,

.27 35

122 45

.03 NE 3 0.

E 2

Fushun, str.,

.27 18

120 45

NE 2 k.

Lyderhorn, str.,.....25 52

120 13

29.92 NE

org.

.98 NE 5

Riojun Maru, str.,...25

121 45

.96 ENE 2 0.

118 19

30.05

NE 4.

Kagoshima Maru, str.,.25

121 45

.93

NE 2 or.

Kwanglee, str.,

..24 7

118 27

29.99

NE 6

Bombay, str.,

.24 26

118 29

.91

NE 7 or.

Toonan, str.,

.23 25

117 26

.96

NË 5

ს.

Bellona, str.,

23 27

117 48

ENE 5

Lyeemoon, str.,

.22 42

116 15

NE 3

Taisang, str.,

22 55

119 1

.94 NNE 7

Yuensang, str.,

21 46

114 35

.95

NE 6 C.

Ask, str.,

22 35

115 30

.88 ENE 6

op.

Cambusdoon, bk., Esmeralda, str., Japan, bk., ...

...21 40

113 17

ENE var. 0.

Mongkut, str.,

.22 14

114 16

.86 NE 1

.....20 46

118 50

.86 NE 4 k.

Frejr, str.,

.21

113 40

.88 E 6

.19 48

119 41

Wandering Jew, sh.,.15 56

112 51

NE 6 k.

Changsha, str., ......21

114 47

.79 NE E

ep.

orq.

Cambusdoon, bk., ...20

114 20

.80 NE 6

Benvenne, str.,

15 50

110 8

.86 NNW 2

Activ, str....

.20 18

111 40

.84

NE 5 C.

Changsha, str.,.... 14 55

119 12

.81 NW N 3 og.

Benvenue, str.,

..19 59

112 29

.82 NE 7

Sungkiang, str.,

14 35

120 57

Memnon, str.,

11 59

119 37

Devawongse, str., ...10 28

108 9

Namyong, str.,

10 25

108 44

:84 NW 2 0. .81 N

4 orq. .89 SW 2 .90 WSW 4

Memnon, str.,... ... ... ... .... 18 51

115 58

.81 ENE 5

co.

Wandering Jew, sh., 18

111 40

Kong Beng, str., ...17 40

111 17

Piugsuey, str.,

15 46

112 56

Loosok, str.,

8 35

105 22

.97

S I k.

Sungkiang, str.,......14 35

120 57

.76

Pingsuey, str.,

8 22

109 10

.93

jenny, sch.,.

8 13

137 47

W 4 C. WSW 6

Namyong, str.,

13 51

109 50

.77 ENE 9 oq. .72 NNE 4 oq. .65 E

0 C.

.69 NNE 6 orq.

Loosok, str.,

.13 34

109 43

.76 var. 4

Donar, str.,

8 9

108 9

.89 W

Phra Nang, str.,.

7 29

107 7

5 .86 WSW 3

orq.

Kutsang, str.,....

.13 28

112 21

.64 NNE 3

('.

Devawongse, str., ...10 11

101 45

.75 NW 2

Kutsang, str.,

7 14

108 26

.92 W 3

Framnes, str

Gisela, str.....

... 6 32

107 34

.91 WSW 4

Letimbro, str.........

5 42

106 41 September 10th.

.90 SW 4 0.

Jenny, sch., Shantung, str.,.

Gaelic, str.,

42 58 157 46 30.16 SSE 2 op.

Ching Ping, str.,......38 12

120 14

.20 SSE 4 k.

Gaelic, str., Ching Ping, str.,

..46 42 ...34 45

10 5 107 51 6 58 137 7 2 36 108 25 September 12th.

172 25 122 46

77 SW 2

SW/W 6

.77 SSW 3

30.15 WSW 4

.18

Empress of India, str., ...34 9

132 53

.16 NE 4

Braemar, str.,.............

..34 34

135 10

.09

var. 2

Natal, str.,

.33 58

130 28

.18 N 1

Tailee, str.,

.31 49

127 5

.07

NE 3

Victoria, str.,

.32 10

133 14

.13 E 4

Victoria, str.,

.31 45

123 14

ENE 3

od.

Lyderhorn, str.,

..28 23

122 30

.01 NE 4

Fushun, str.,

.30 37

122 26

.07 NE 1 k.

Orient, bk.,

Tailee, str.,

Bellona, str.,

Fushun, str.,

Meefoo, str.,

Asloun, str.,

Fuping, str.,

Bombay, str.,

Taisang, str.,

Evandale, str.......

Sabine Rickmers, str., ...22 31

.27 52 121 54 26 32 121 22 .26 20 121 34 .25 36 119 49 Riojun Maru, str., .....25 9 121 45 Kagoshima Maru, str., ...25 9 121 45 .24 54 119 13 .24 12 118 44 .23 23 117 14 23 14 116 47 .22 59 116 40 .22 32 116 37 115 43

Siam, str.,

Activ, str.,

.22 28 115 13 ...21 50 113 48

Japan, bk..

Frejr, str.,

Benvenue, str.,

Changsha, str.,

Cambusdoou, bk., ...21 38 113 29 Kong Beng, str........20 52 114 28 .20 44 115 53 Hongkong, str., ...20 30 107 52 .20.26 111 12 18 7 110 56 18 0 117 8 Wandering Jew, sh.,.17 47 112 43

.05 NE 5

04 NEN 5 crq.

ENE 4 k. .02 NNE 4 .01 ENE 4 29.94 E 3

.98 NE 4 0. .95 NE 6 k. .99 EN 4 bin. .95 NE 6 C. .93 NE 4 C. .98 ENE 5 b. .93 NE 5 b. .89 NE 3 .94 NE 3 e. NE 5 0. .84 NE 4

0. NE 6 84 NE .89 ENE 6 .83 NE

Oldenburg, str.,......30

122 30

.05 ENE 3

Orient, bk.,..............

.28 22

122 39

.00 NE 2

Victoria, str.,·

.27 6

123 25

.00 ESE 3

Bombay, str.,.

.26

120 26

or.

Riojun Maru, str.,...25

121 45

29.94 NNE 6

.93 E 3 b.

Kagoshima Maru, str.,.25

121 45

.92 E 3 b.

Ask, str.,

.23 30

117 30

NE 4 k.

Lyderhorn, str.,.

Benlarig, str.,... Bellona, str.,

23 9 .22·57 .22 14

117 23 117 B 114 17

.86

NE 7 or.

.94

NE 5 k.

ENE 5

Benvenue, str.,

.22 0

113 52

.91 ENE 3

k. k.

Activ, str.,

21 29

109 5

.87 ENE 4 C.

Cambusdoon, bk.,

...21 16

114 -t

Namyong, str.,

Loosok, str.,

Machew, str.,.......... 21 14 Pingsney, str., ......19 38 Wandering Jew, sh.,18 47 Mongkut, str., ......18 42 Katsang, str.,...............

17 0 16 46 16 35

114 2

.85 NE 6

.82 ENE 4 (). k.

113 39

.85 var. 3 OJ.

112 7

.78 ENE 5 oq.

111 48

.82 N 5 0.

113 20 110 44 110 34

.82

4 cp.

.75

6 org.

.78

oq.

Sungkiang, str...... .14 35

120 59

.84 W

4 ('.

.79 NE E T NNE 7

Kong Beng, str., .14 4

109 22

.65

$ +

Framnes, str...

12 26

Esmeralda, str.,

Memnon, str.,

.16 23 119 46

15 31 117-53-

78 NE 3 .78

od.

Jenny, seh.,

yar. 2 od.

Shangtung, str...

-7 31 6 7

109 24 184 42 109 19

.76

SSE 1 k.

SW 6 k.

.79 SSW 4. k.

SEPTEMBER, 1895.

553

Vessel.

Lat. North.

September 13th.

Long. Bar. East.

September 15th.

ins.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

0-12

Vessel.

Lat. Long. Bar. North. East.

Wind.

Wea- Dir. For. ther.

Niobe, str.,

.33° 7′

136° 7′

Ching Ping, str.,..............32 31

122 50

Hohenzollern, str., ...30

126 48

Kachidate Maru, str., 30

126 48

29.99

29.89 WSW 3 c. 30.08 ENE 3 .00 NNE 3 NW 2

Pingsuey,

.22° 22′ Framnes, str.........21 19

Activ, str.,.

.20 24

Bombay, str.,

.29 22

122 14

.99

NE 2 c.

Zafiro, str.,...

.19

Orient, bk.,

.29 11

122 20

.98

NE 3 k.

China, str.,

.18 29

Victoria, str.,

..28 13

121 42

Kagoshima Maru, str,...25 51

122 25

NE 2 NE 4 C.

Yuensang, str.,

18 17

Wandering Jew, sb., 21 14 114 4

NE 3 m.

.79 ENE 2 k. .79 E 4 orq.

.79 ENE 4 C. .79 ESE 2 C. .82 ENE 4 cq.

ins. 117° 5′ 29.73 NE 4 113 20

0-12

110 20

116

111 26

117 11

Verona, str., .

.16 33

113 36

.79 SE 3

Chi Yuen, str., ......25 49

119 50

.93 NNE 4

Shantung, str.,

.15 56

112 47-

.77 var. 1

Riojun Maru, str.,...25

121 45

.94 ENE 3

Benlarig, str.,

.25

119 27

.92 NNE 6

Oldenburg, str.,

.25

119 45

.92

NNE 4

...

Victoria, str.,

.24 8

118 31

.93

NE 4

Changsha, str.,

Frejr, str.,

Activ, str.,

Kutsang, str., ... .......20 35

Wandering Jew, sh.,.19 55 113 47

Namyong, str., Loosok, str., Machew, str., Bygdo, str.,.... Framnes, str.,

.19 40 111 37 .19 27 112 13 .18 10 111 12 .16 35 15 2

.22 27 115 5 .21 50 113 48 .21 29 109 5 113 45

.96 .92 ENE 3

E 4

Sungkiang, str.,... .14 34 Saratow, str.,.........13 58 Phra Chom Khao, str.,là 2 Propontis, str., Machew, str.,....

120 58

.81 S 2 C.

114 14

.77 NNW 2 ogrq.

109 59

NW 3 op.

11 58 109 25 11

..79 var.

6 · 108 17

.81

SW 7

Keong Wai, str.,

...10 13

102 42

.86 WSW 4

.87 ENE 5

Kong Beng, str.,

...10

.88 NE 3

Mongkut, str.,

.87 ENE

.87 ENE 4 .91 ENE 4 .83 ESE 6

...

Mongkut, str.,.

14 51

118 21 110 28 110 3

.85 W 2

.85 S 2

Sungkiang, str.,

.14 34

120 58

.80 S 2 .86

W 3

China, str.,

.12 14

109 23

.79 SSW 1

Kong Beng, str.,.

.10 36

108 10

.84 WSW 3

Shantung, str.,

9 4

Phra Chom Khao, str., 8 23

Saratow, str.,

110 29 104 58 7 0 108 5 September 14th.

.86 S 2 k. .86 SW .87

22 18 8 ¦ 8 3 8 3 28

Cauton, str.,

Rosetta, str.,

Nanchang, str., ......35 19 Ancona, str., ...........................

..34 40

0 8.52 106 32 5 24 106 26 4 38 106 10 September 16th.

122 55

102 36

.84 WSW 3

.80 SW 2 .93 SSE 3 .89 SSE 2

135 11

Kagoshima Marn, str., .33 57

130 27

29.92 NNW 3 .93 ENE 3 .89 S $ C.

Tailee, str.,...

.33 2

128

گی

.93 SW/W 2

Benlarig, str...

.32 20

129 20

.95 SE 4 k.

Ravenna, str.,....

32 7

132 54

.90 ESE 6 C.

Jacob Christensen, str.,.31

126 0

.92

Orient, bk..............30 50

124 10

.92 NNE 3

4 0q.

Changsha, str., ......30 15

121 46

.96 NNE 4

Kwanglee, str.,

....26 15

119 55

.86 NE 4

Peiyang, str.,.........26

120 9

.89 NNE 3

Empress of India, str.....37 28 145 5 30.05

Ancona, str.,

.35 13 139 44

NE 4 k. NE 3

Ravenna, str.,

..31 5

122 47

Orient, bk.,

..29 49

122 39

Ching Ping, str.,......29 29

122 33

Chi Ynen, str., ..28 42 Kagoshima Maru, str., ...28

121 55

29.91

.97 E 2 .96 SE 2 k. .94

ESE 4

NE 1 k.

124 52

.87 NE 3

Hohenzollern, str., ...27 54 Kachidate Maru, str.,27 35 Benlarig, str., ...... .27 77 Ask, str.,... Changsha, str., ......24 30 Oldenburg, str., .22 15 Yuensang, str., ......21 29 Verona, str.,

121 58

.86 E 2

123 4

.92 var. 2

122 58

.93 NE 4

.24 40

119 0

NNE 4

118 40 114 30

.90 NE 5

.91 NE 4

24342 6 3 2 2 2 3 3

Toonan, str.,

.25 49

119. 45

.87 NNE 4

Choysang, str.,

..25 27

119 58

NE 3 C.

Formosa, str.,..

.25 11

121 25

.86 E

Ask, str.,

.25 11

121 25

ENE 2 k.

Lycemoon, str.,

.24 53

119 17

.88 NE

Ching Ping, str.,

...23 52

118 12

.84 NE

2244

Sydney, str.,

.23 19

117 36

.86 NW 8 k.

Kachidate Maru, str., 22 44

115 49

.85 N 2 k.

China, str.,............. .21 36

113 14

Activ, str.,.................... .21 34

113 · 0

.84 NE 1 .85

NE 2

Wandering Jew, sh.,21

114 55

NE E 1

Shantung, str., .19 15 Phra Chom Khao, str...

113 35.

.80 NË 8

..17 31

110 26

N 3 op.

21 8

Wandering Jew, sh.,.20 55

114 51 114 7 114 9

.94 NE 4 .86 ENE 4

Saratow, str.,................ 17 23

116 46

ENE 2

gq.

Ocampo, str.,....

17 9

108 17

.86

SSE 2,

org.

Activ, str.,

..20 14

109 59

Frejr, str.,

Bygdo, str.,.

Framnes, str.,

Zafiro, str.,

China, str.,

Sungkiang, str.,

Shantung, str.,

Mongkut, str.,..

Phra Chom Khao, str,10 36

Saratow, str.,

Canton, str.,

110 20 .19 10 115 59 .18 21 111 23 16 0 118 50 15 13 110 13 14 34 120 58 12 47

111 40 11 25 109 4 108 21 111 19 Koug Beng, str....... 8 32 105 29 1 19 104 21 September 15th,

.20 2

ENE 2 k. .82 E 5 .84 E 3 .87 NE 3 .85 SE 2 .79 var. 3 .79 NW 1 .83 SW .81 SW 3 k. .80 SW 4 k. SW 4

Yuensang, str.,

15 10

119 55

.80 $ 3

oq. q.

Propontis, str.,

14 36

110 19

.80

Sungkiang, str.,..

14 34

120 58

.79

Verona, str.,..

12 36

111 7

77 NW 5

cp.

Mongkut, str.,

9 26

103 13

.84 NNW 4

cp.

Canton, str.,

9 6

108 55

.84 WNW 4

.C.

10 28

.86 WSW 4 .87 SW 4 k. .95 SW 3. k.

322 223 224

Rosetta, str.,

8 40

109 15

.85 WSW 4

CV.

Keong Wai, str.,

8. 34

Machew, str.,..................

105 58 7 33 107 15 September 17th.

.84 SSW 4 .85 SW 6

Ancona, str.,

..31 10 135 10 Jacob Christensen, str.....33 18 128 34 Kagoshima Maru, str.....31 22 Riojun Maru, str., ...31 9

var.

127 23

Ravenna, str Orient, bk.,.. Benlarig, str., Choysang, str., Sydney, str.,

Changsha, str.,

127 29 .31 7 127 64 .30 11 123 5 29 30 126 14 .29 2 122 14 .27 41 121 44 ...27 40 121 29

Ching Ping, str.,......26 25 Ask, str.,....

.25 11

120 44 121 25

Kachidate Maru, str.,24 59

119 29

Hohenzollern, str., .24 4

118 26

Kwanglee, str.,

Toonau, str.,

Lycemoon, str.,

.23 21 117 6 23 11 116 53 .22 29 115 25

29.95 .92 .84 E 3 b. .87 ESE 3 C. .81 ESE 4 C. .90 SE 2 k. 87 ESE A k. .86 SE 1 .85

0 k. .88 NNE 2

.84 var. I

ENE 2 k. .85 NE 2 k. .83 E. 2 .82 NE 3 b. .83 NE 3 h. .85 NEE 2 b.

2 k. SE 2 k.

00.00 100 10

Ancona, str.,

.34 40 Riojun Maru, str.,...34 22 Kagoshima Maru, str., .34 22 Ravenna, str., ......33 44 Changsha, str., ..31 26 Orient, bk.,

31 32 Nanchang, str., ..............31 27 Celeste Burrill, sh...30 37 Tailee, str.,....... 30 31 Kwanglee, str.,

185 11 29.94 SW 1 132 28 30.01 NW 1 b. 132 28

...

122 26

NE 1 b. 137 37 29.98 ENE 4 C. 121 30 30.02 N 2 k. 123 3 29.98 NNE 3 k. 123 9 .99 ENE 4 C.

ENE 5

125 5

30.00 NNE 2 k.

Pingsuey, str.,

...29 43 29 21

122 30

29.95 NE 3

Toonan, str.,

.28 56

Lycemoon, str.,

.28 46

122 23 122 0 122 3

.99 NNE 4

.96 NNE 3

.99 NEN 2

Jacob Christensen, str.,.28 36

Ask, str.,

.26 11

128 26 121 25

.99 N 5

Formosa, str.,.................. .25 11 H.M.S. Peacock, ...23 59 Lyderhorn, str.,..............28 R Ching Ping, str., 22 28 114 55 ILM.S. Redbreast,...21 49 113 55 Frejr, str.,

.20 10 110 S Saratow, str.,.. .20 6 119 52

121 25

ITS 81 116 52

NNE 2 .89 NE .89 ENE 4 .85 NE 4 .86 ENE 4 .90 E 3 .90 E 2 b. .81 NE £ 0.

cp.

554

SEPTEMBER, 1895.

September 17th.

September 19th.

Vessel.

Phra Chom Klao, str., 19° 55 112 28

Lat.

North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. Bar. East.

ins.

0-12

ins.

•

NË 4

Propontis, str., ..17 16

111 8

29.87 NNE 4

Sungkiang, str., ......14 34

14 34

120 58

.80

Ocampo, str.,

13 8

109 44

.91 WNW 2

Rosetta, str.,

13 4

112 2

.79 N 4

cp.

Canton, str.,.

.12 32

111 29

.86 N 5

Sishan, str.,.....

12 6

109 21

.81 NNE 1

Verona, str.,

8 4

109 3

.87 NW 5

or.

Catherine Apcar, str.,

Glengyle, str.,.....................

3 53

Machew, str.,

3 52

Peru, str.,

...37 3

Riojun Maru, str., ..34 22 Kagoshima Maru, str., ...34

132 27

106 6

,97 WNW ... 105 44 .87 105 38 .92 September 18th.

145 57 29.95 132 27 30.03 29.97

or.

..33 6

Invertay, str., ......13° 16′ 110° 6' 29.79 NNW 5 Catherine Apcar, str.,11 29 Glengyle, str., ......11 3 110 18 Devawongse, str., ...10 21 102 22

September 20th. Riojun Maru, str.,...34 22 132 27 Kagoshima Maru, str.. .34 22 132 27 Cosmopolit, str., ...35 12 Orient, bk......

110 54

Wind. Wen- Dir. For. ther.

k. ..88 var. 5 0.

.83 WNW 3 .91 NW 7 C.

0-12

30.06

var. 1

.91 N 1

128 38

.12 NNW I

123 8

.14 N 1

(".

var. 1 k. var. var. kq.

Taisang, str....... .32 12

119 30

.14 SE 3

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 31

123 18

ENE 4

or.

Ancona, str.,

..30 26

126 19

.03 NNE 4 C.

SE 3 SE 1 NW 2

cm.

Chi Yuen, str.,

..28 10

121 30

.10

Ask, str.,

.25 11

121 25

NE 4 uq. NE 4 k.

Nanyang, str..

...25 6

119 41

29.92

NE 6 omq.

Beularig, str.,

33 47

131 41

30.03

E 2

Lyderhorn, str.,

..24 30

116 41

.87

NE 5

Ancona, str.,

.33 46

131 46

29.93

Taisang, str.,

.32 12

119 30

Orient, bk.,

Tailee, str.,

Fushun, str.,

Nanchang, str., ......27 42

31 51 123 56 .27 50 121 56 27 46 121 26 121 38

Nanyang, str...........27 25 Celeste Burrill, sh.,...27 20 Jacob Christensen, str., .26

121 18

122 10

SW 2 30.12 N 3 b. .08 NNE 7? k. .01

NE 7 kq. .04 NE 3 0. .02 NNE 7 C. 29.98 NNE 5 NE 6

cm.

120 28

Ask, str.,......

.25 11

121 25

Lyderhorn, str.,

..25 5

119 33

H.M.S. Pique,.

.22 58

120 12

H.M.S. Peacock,.

.22 58

120 12

Thales, str.,................

.22 58

120 12

Saratow, str.,

.22 49

121 26

Activ, str.,

.21 46

113 50

Frejr, str.,

.20 30

111 24

.92 NNE11 or.

NNE 4 orq. .84 NE 6 ..69 NNE oq. .70 N 7-8 0. .65 NNE 7 .64 NE 9 oug. .89 S } C. .89 NNE 3

Meefoo, str., .........24 27 Celeste Burrill, sh.,.22 58 Nanchang, str., ......22 24 H.M.S. Peacock, ...21 55 Activ, str.,............21 28 Sisban, str.,

.21 23 Keong Wai, str., ...20 37 Invertay, str.,............... 16 27 Catherine Apcar, str.,15 18 Glengyle, str.,

118 34

.92

NE 4 k.

117 9

NE 5 k.

115 9

.84

var. var.

116 12

.86 NE 3

orq. C.

109 5

.86

113 38

.85

5 C.

112 54

.86 NNE 4

cp.

110 42

.79

0 k.

112 54

.85 NNW 2

14 0

112 8

.77 N 1

H.M.S. Redbreast, .12 10

109 33

.85 S 1

...

Sydney, str.,

11 44

109 14

.83 SW 2

Memnou, str.,

11 17

117 45

.76 SW 4

cq.

Devawongse, str., ...

8 29

September 21st.

105 46

.85 WNW 4

Peru, str.,

.......34 28

Propontis, str., ......19 51

112 32

.91 NNE 4

Kagoshima Maru, str., .34 Mascotte, str., ......33 53

138 46 132 27

30.01 29.97 NE 1

NE 4

130 17

30.05 ENE 3

Memnon, str.,

.19 27

115 29

.82 NE 4

Orient, bk......

.33 47

122 33

.12 NNE 3

H.M.S. Redbreast,...18 46

112 8

.89 NE 4

Niobe, str.,....

.33 8

134 8

.04 NNE 6

om.

Rosetta, str.,

.17 30 113 28

.84 NNE 6

Cy.

Taisang, str.,

....32 12

119 30

.05 NE 3 C.

Sungkiang, str.,

..16 20 118 48

.78 NW 2

Canton, str.,...

Sishan, str.,....

Keong Wai, str.,....... Invertay, str., Ocampo, str., Catherine Apcar, str., Glengyle, str.,.... Verona, str.,

.16 17 113 8 .15 5 110 27 .14 16 110 8 11 8 109 0

Peru, str.,

Benlarig, str.,

10 18 107 18

8 7 24 108 9 4 21 106 21 September 19th. ..34 52 140 16 ..34 40 135 11

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 22

Kagoshima Maru, str.,...34 22

108 31

C. .88 NE 5 c. .86 N

1 opq. .87 NW 4 ENE 1 .89 NW 5 .91 NW 4 .85 SW 5 oqp. .94 WSW 4

Bombay, str.,.........31 55

125 55

.02

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 31 16

124 1

Cosmopolit, str........31

126 14

...

NE 4 c.

NNE 3

.04 NNE 4

Ancona, str.,

.27 16

122 31

29.95 NE 5

Meefoo, str.,

25 33

119 38

.92 NNE 5

Lyderhorn, str.,

.25 9

119 14

oq.

Chi Yuen, str.,

.24 59

119 28

Chunshan, str.,

.24 17

118 10

.92 NNE 10

.96 NNE 6 og.

.86 ENE 6 C.

Rosetta, str.,

.23 33

117 39

.91

NE 7 oq.

Ask, str.,

.23 33

119 30

NNE 6

or.

29.95 WSW 4 .98 NE 4

Sabine Rickmers, str.,

.22 37

115 54

.86

NE 7

Nanyang, str.,

22 33

115 39

.88

NE 4

'em.

132 27

30.03 NNE 2

Activ, str.,

..21 29

109 5

.87 N 5

or.

132 27

Orient, bk.,

Taisang, str.,

Namyong, str.,

Ask, str.,.

Tailee, str.,

Fushun, str.,

Saratow, str.,

.32 19 123 39 .32 12 119 30

29.97 NE 2 30.13

Invertay, str.,

....19 16

112 13

...

0. Loosok, str.,...

..19 6

112 8

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora,.31 15

121 32 ..26 24 120 5 29.88

25 11 121 25 24 54 119 22 .24 30 118 42 24 18 122 5 119 46

Celeste Burrill, sh., .24 13 Jacob Christensen, str.....24 10

..21

Nanchang, str.,

Monmouthshire, str.,.23 30? 117 50?

.14 .16

E 3

3 8

.78 NE 8 .74

SE 3 .82 ESE 5 0

NE 2

NE 7 opq. NE 7 opq.

SE 3 orq.

Zafiro, str.,.......

Catherine Apear, str., 18 48 Velocity, bk...........18 32 Glenogle, str., ......17 48 Rio, str.,........ 15 3 H.M.S. Redbreast,...18 46 Kriemhild, str., ................ 4 48 Karlsruhe, str.,

Velocity, bk.,.

19 ...

116

114

148 5

NE .83 E 5 .85 NE 7 0. .81 N

orq.

1 q. 2 orq.

118 13

6 118 46

Victoria, str., Hailoong, str.,.......... Chunshan, str.,

.23 22 117 54 23 19 116 44 23 14 116 47

Thales, str.,......

.23

119 36

NNE 5 .73 SE 8 .02 NE 12 0 51 NW/W 9 org. 34 WNW 8 .75 S 6 e.

er.

01.

32 42 ...32 27

113 20 110 9 108 9 106 5 4 41 105 49 September 22nd. Orient, bk..........................34 45 122 28

2 30.03 NE Riojan Maru, str.,...34 22 132 27 29.98 NE Kagoshima Maru, str., .34 22 132 27

.90 Peru, str., Mascotte, str., Changsha, str., .31 36

.73 NNE

odgq.

.82 NW 5

.88 WSW 2

.89 SSW 3 .94 SE 1

3 3 3 3

2 b.

133 31

.97 NE 5

126 46

.95 ENE 4 c.

121 28

.98 E 2

Meefoo, str.,

H.M.S. Peacock,.

II.M.S. Pique,...

4 .22 7 .22 4

Canton, str.,

.20 20

Activ, str.,

.20 18

Sungkiang, str.. .19 35

116 36

116 45

.54 W 5 or. 118 56 .69 SW 6

cq. 119 20 .68 S 113 22 .82 NW 5 111 20

.79 W 4 .76 W

Taisang, str.,..........

122 2

.96 ESE 3 C.

Niobe, str.,..........................31

131 3

.86 NE 8

om.

3-8 cq.

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 31

125 0

.94 NE 4 0.

Kwanglec, str., ................30

122 35

.93 ENE 2

Cosmopolit, str........29

123 43

.91 NNE 5

Khedive, str.,.

.27 30

121 24

.92

Sishap, str.,..........

..18 22

111 45 ·

.81 NNW 2

Mecfoo, str.,

.26 57

120 25

.88 NE 4

Keong Wai, str .17 36

Sydney, str.,

111 14 .17 30 110 53 H.M.S. Redbreast,...15 38 110 31 Memnon, str.,

.15 14 116 35

.86 N 4

Rosetta, str.,

.26 24

120 19

.88 NNE 5 ep.

.84 NW 2 C.

Lyderhorn, str.,.

.25 47

120 2

.88 NE 5

82 NNW 4 .76 var. 2

om.

Formosa, str.,.........25 20 Ancona, str.,

.23 58

121 07

.85

NE 4 k.

118 19

.92

SEPTEMBER, 1895.

555

September 22nd.

Vessel.

Lat.

Long.

Bar.

North.

East.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

September 24th.

Long. Bar. East.

Wea-

Wind. Dir. For, ther.

ins.

0-12

ins.

0-12

Sabine Rickmers, str., ...23° 57′

117° 55′ 29.85 NE

6 b.

Activ, str.,...

.20 26

Ask, str.,

.22 59

120, 12

Frejr, str.,

.21 57

113 40

.87

Framnes, str.,

21 34

113 43

.87

Activ, str.,

.21 29

109 5

.83

ZZEZ

Velocity, bk.,.........18° 34′ Karlsruhe, str.,

111 10 143° 2′

29.82

N 3 ('. NE 1 b.

18 16

111 30

.82 NNE 3

...

Framnes, str.,...............

14 31

109 54

.77 SE 2

oq.

Kriemhild, str.,

.14

110 27

.78 WNW 4

(:,

Invertay, str.,

.21 29

112 51

.84 ENE 5

Benvenue, str.,

12 54

109 35

.77 SW 3

Benvenue, str... ......21 20

113 26

.86 ESE 2

Donar, str.,..........

12 8

109 7

80 NW 4

Glengyle, str.,.

.21 14

113 48

NE 5

Bisagno, str.,.

.10 17

110 20

.87 W 5

Velocity, bk.,

.18 25

146 22

E 4

Brindisi, str.,........

9 20

109 14

.85 WSW 4

op.

Rio, str.,

18 6

110 6

.69

W 2 orq.

Loosok, str.,

9 5

106 38

.86 SW 1

Esmeralda, str.,

....16

119 7

.80

var. I

Phra Nang, str.,

8 37

105 39

.86 SSW 2

Or.

Zafiro, str.,

.16

119 ...

.83

SW 5

Menmuir, str.,

Loosok, str.,

.15 55

110 16

.76

NW 5

Sydney, str.,

9 19

106 51

.85 SW 4 oq.

Karlsruhe, str.,

9 17

108 25

.87 WSW 4 orq.

Donar, str.,

8 4

104 6

....

Kriemhild, str.,

8 3

108 12

.90 SW 6 SSW 5

H.M.S. Redbreast, 6 6

106 54

Bisaguo, str.,

Orient, bk.,

3 34 105 40 September 23rd. .35 27 122 20

.94

.91 SSW 4 SSW 3

c. k.

Riojun Maru, str., ...34 22 Kagoshima Maru, str., ...34 22 Changsha, str., ......32 16 ....32 16 Peru, str., Pingsuey, str...........31 30 H.I.A.M.S. Aurora,.30 25 Mascotte, str.,.........30 10 Rosetta, str.,

132 27

30.02 NNE 1 29.88 NNE 2 .79 N 2

125 36

.88 NE 6

2332

..32 5

129 37

.81 NNE 4

Orient, bk., Toonan, str., Riojun Maru, str.,...33 58 Changsha, str., .33 42 Pingsuey, str., ......33 34 Lyderhorn, str........30 25 H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 30 3 Peru, str., Glenfalloch, str., ...28 38 Sabine Rickmers, str.....26

Wingsang, str., Emily Whitney, sh.,

5 1 3 31 105 40 1 22 119 20 September 25th. .36 54 124 6 .35 5 122 37 130 55 132 8

.86 NW 2 .93 SSE 4 WSW 4

k..

30.08 NNW 5

.12 N/W 4 b. 29.98 N 2 C.

123 17

129 47

.98 ENE 4 .99 NE 6

11.

124 52

.97 NNE 5

128 9

.96 SSE 1

or.

..30 1

126 7

.94 NNE 5

cil.

122 13

.94 NE 8

120 48

.76

125 22

.83 NE 5

St. James, bk., ..26

121 10

N 10 NNE 9

or.

126 28

.81 NE 4

Formosa, str.,.

.25 11

121 25

.60 NNE 9

or.

Niobe, str.,

Manila, str.,.....

Meefoo, str.,

Lyderhorn, str.,

123 51 .29 51 122 37 .29 6 127 8 ..28 32 121 57 ....28 32 121 48 ......27 54 123 1

.83 NNE 5

Niobe, str.,..........

.25 9

120 0

.53 NNE 9

op.

.86 NE 5

cp.

Mascotte, str., ......24 20

118 29

.71 NNE 8

Peiyang, str.,................... .23 43

117 41

.68 N 4 cq. .71 NNW 4 C.

.85 N

Ask, str.,

.23 35

119 39

.85 N

.80 NE

Cosmopolit, str., ...22 44 Phra Chom Klao, str.,...22

116 8

114

NE 2

NW 12 hazy.

76 NW 5 C. .75

Taisang, str.,

Cosmopolit, str., Kwanglee, str., Formosa, str.,

Victoria, str., Khedive, str., Ask, str.,....... Rio, str.,

Activ, str.,

..27 27 121 10 ..27 0 121 15 ....26 2 120 25 .25 11 121 25 ..24 10 118 13 23 31 117 47 22 59 120 12 .20 43 112 48 .20 4. 110 20

.84

.87

N 6

.86 NNE 5 .80 NNE 2

NE 1

.83 NE 5 N/W 6

.77 ESE 4

.79 I 4

3 3 2 8 3 8 2 3 3

Activ, str.,.............. .21 55

113 45

.79 N

k. k.

Sungkiang, str.,.

.21 27

114 55

.80 ΝΕ

Chunshan, str.,

.20 47

120 48

.76

China, str.,

19 34

112 10

.79 N 3

Velocity, bk......

18 33

140 51

NW 1

Kriemhild, str.,

17 35

111 10

.77 N

cg.

Donar, str.,

.16 I

110 7

.83 N

Bisagno, str.,

13 49

Brindisi, str.,

12 40

112 16 111 22

.87

var. 2 op.

.80 NW 3 C.

Esmeralda, str.,

.19 25

116 37

.78

N 5 C.

Phra Nang, str.,

...11 10

108 53

.82 SW 3

Velocity, bk.,

...18 25

114 55

Framnes, str.,.........10 49

108 31

.82 SW 3

Framnes, str.,

.18 25

111 17

.74

E 3 oq.

Benvenue, str.,

.10 46

106 43

.79 W

Devawongse, str., ...17 52

110 56

.75

E 4

Loosok, str.,

9 26

103 13

.88 var. 1

op.

Benvenue, str.,

...17 29

110 27

73 SSE 2

op.

Menmuir, str.,

Karlsruhe, str.,

...13 28

110 10

.78 WSW 4

Wingsang, str.,

7 58 1

122 23

Loosok, str.,

.11 37

109 8

.85 SW 4

Emily Whitney, sh.,

Kriemhild, str.,

109 56

.80 SW 6

107 58 1 37 120 15 September 26th.

.86 S I SSW 3 0

C. k.

Donar, str.,

.10

108 2

.83 W 6

Bisagno, str.,

6 50

107 59

.90 WSW 4

Brindisi, str.,

6 21

Sydney, str.,

4 4

106 55 105 8

.90 SW 4

H.M.S. Redbreast, 8 32 105 15 .94

.90 SSW 3 SW 2

3 3 3 3

Toonan, str.,

.......37 33

121 25

30.22 NNE 2

C. Orient, bk......... .37 19

122 46

September 24th.

Orient, bk.,

Riojun Marn, str., ...34 22 132 27

Kagoshima Maru, str.,...34 22 Bombay, str., .............. .33 43

132 27

131 40

Changsha, str.,

.33 29

Pingsuey, str.,.................. .32 45

Toonan, str.,

Victoria, str.,

129 55 129 50 .31 30 122 17 .31 8 122 1

Taksang, str.,

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora,.30 24' 127 23

.......

.29 40 122 55

Lyderhorn, str., ..29 15 125 29

Mascotte, str.,.........27 11

121 10

........35 51 122 58 29.98 N 3 k.

.84 NNE 2 .74 NE 1 or. .84 E 2 or. .84

NE 6 orq. .78 ENE 5 C. .89 NNE 4 NEE 9 .77 NE 4-5 or. .76 N 5 0. .79 NNE 8 .79 ENE 5

Changsha, str., ......34 40 Kagoshima Maru, str., .34 22 Riojun Maru, str.,...34 Lyderhoru, str.,...32 7 H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 30 50 Glenfalloch, str., ...28 10 Sabine Rickiners. str.,...26 Peru, str., ....

135 12

132 27

.16 NW 3 C. .07 SE 1 k. 29.99

NE 2

126 58

30.11 NNE 3

}).

128 4

127 19

120 28

121 24

.26 29

Taksang, str.,

.25 58

121 19 120 3

.91 N .82

.00 NEN 4

.01 NE/E 4 or.

29.83 NNE 9 org.

.89 NNE 9 0.

cgr.

8 orq.

Manila, str.,

.25 21

119 55

NE 7

or.

cu.

St. James, bk.,

25 20

120 40

Formosa, str.,............. Ask, str., Niobe, str.,.

.25 11 · 121 23

.82

NNE 9

E 1 cp.

.23 33 119 30

.23 9

118 2

.75

00 10 4 ∞

or.

Tailee, str.,

.22 54

116 44

.53

8 omd.

6-9 q.

Kriemhild, str.,

.20 24

112 50

.78

St. James, bk.,

.....27 8

Niobe, str.,

Manila, str.......

.26

.27 5 6

Sabine Rickmers, str., ...25 26

Formosa, str., ............. .25 11 Cosmopolit, str.,..............24 28 114 2 Taisang, str.,

.24 6 118 13

Ask, str.,....... .23 35 119 39 Kwanglee, str., ......23 3 116 59 Devawongse, str., ...21 53

121 43 123 9 119 47 119 55

...

NNE 7 or. .68 N 8 omd. .77 NW 3 k. .78 NNE 7 b.

Donar, str.,........

.19 1

112 2

.80.

121 25

113 2

.75 N 6 org. .79 NNE 4 k. .78 NE 4 C.

N 8 .78 NE 2 .81 NE 3

b. k.

Velocity, bk...........18 53 Phra Chom Klao, str....18 14 Sungkiang, str.,....... .17 52 Chunshan, str., Bisagno, str.,... 17 21 Brindisi, str.,

16 5 China, str....... 16 1 Phra Nang, str.,

...14 9 Holstein, str.,.............

12 48

139 0

:..

17 44

111 30 117 26 111 17 113 28 IB 5 110 8 110 17 109 28

.77

S 1

.78 NNW 5

88*

.33 X 3 C.

81 NNW 1 k. .81 NW 3

83 NNE 4

1010010 01 H H OSO

6 C.

J•

556

September 26th.

Vessel.

North.

Lat. Long.

East.

Bar.

ins.

0-19

Menmuir, str.,.............

.10° 56'

Wingsang, str., ......10

121° 29′ 110 4

29.88

W 2 C. WSW 4

Mongkut, str.

...་

9 23

103 13

.82 WNW 2

Framues, str.,

8 34

106 13

.85 WSW 3

Emily Whitney, sh., 1 53 120 24

SEPTEMBER, 1895.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

Vessel.

September 28th.

Lat. Long. Bar. North. East.

Mongkut, str., ......11°29' 109° 6′

C. Phra Chom Klao,str.,10 22 108 7 9 18 107 43

3 8 8 2

Chunshan, str.,

Emily Whitney, sh., 2 10 123 34

ins.

Wind. Wea-

Dir. For. ther

0-12

oq.

29.89 ENE 2

.90 var. 1 k. .87 E 3 SSE 2

September 29th.

September 27th.

Orient, bk.,......................38 40

120 54

30.18 ENE 2

Toonan, str.,

38 52 118 3

30.27

NE 2

Toonan, str.,

.38 8

117 44

.18 var. 1

Orient, bk.,

.87 42

122 24

.16 NNW 3

Riojun Maru, str.,...38 53

121 51

.17 E

Riojun Marn, str., ...37

123 3

.13 NW 3

Coptic, str.,

.34 39

143 49

.02 NE 5

Pingsuey, str...........34 40

135 11

.03 E 3

Braemar, str., .

.31 23

133 49

.09 N

Kagoshima Maru, str., ...34 22

132 27

29.95

Ravenna, str.,

.34 15

135 1

.04 NNE 4

HI.I.A.M.S. Aurora,.31

127 37

30.04 ENE 4

or.

Kagoshima Maru, str., .34

129 54

.06 NE 2

Lubeck, str.,

..30 31

127 48

Lyeemoon, str., ......29 17

122 17

Sabine Rickmers, str., ...27

121 57

Osaka, bk,

26 3

120 16

Taksang, str.,

Peiyang, str., St. James, bk., Ask, str.,.. Peru, str.,

.24 59 119 35 ..24 46 118 49 ..24 34 119 45

.22 59

29.96 NE 5 30.10 NE 5 29.96 NNE 7

NE .90 NE 6 NE 4 .88 NNE 7

Victoria, str.,.........33

122 50

NNE 4

***

or.

ი.

Sabine Rickmers, str., .32

122 48

29.98 NNE 4

od.

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 31

Peiyang, str.,

Natal, str.,

Osaka, bk....

or.

Lubeck, str.,

25 29

128 1 .28 55 122 6 .28 32 122 6 25 40 122 15 120 14

.96 NE E 5 0. .94 N 4 omr. .94 N 1 or.

SSW 2 k.

120 12

N 3 k.

Hohenzollern, str.,...25 21

121 2

.22 52

116 48

.91

NE 6 cmr.

Ancona, str.,

25 20

120 6

Niobe, str.,

..22

114 3

.85

E 6 omd.

Lyeemoon, str.,

23 43

118 1

.88 NNE 6 orq. .85 NE 6 0. .89 NE 6 .92 NE 4 C.

Hongkong, str.,

..21 34

113 12

.86

or.

Holstein, str.,.

.21 16

113 13

.87 NNW 4

Bisagno, str.,

.20 34

114 5

.88 NNE 3

Wingsang, str.,

.21 2

113 42

.89 N/W 5-6 c.

Frejr, str.,

Brindisi, str.,

Velocity, bk.,

.20 24 111 11 19 31 113 50 19 3

.90 NNE 6

Tailee, str.,

.20 41

115 14

.84 SW 4

.85

138 16

N 2

var. 1

Velocity, bk....

.20 9

137 2

Meumuir, str.,

.20 7

115 34

.86

Phra Nang, str.,

.17 36

110 47

.78 NE 3

Propontis, str.,

.19 39

112 38

.93 W

Holstein, str.,

15 47

110 22

.83

NNE } k.

Mongkut, str., ..............13 51

109 58

.83

Phra Chom Klao, str., ...li 51 Sungkiang, str., ......14 32 Menmuir, str.,............. 14 12 Wingsang, str., ......13 50 Chunshan, str.,

109 34

.85 NW 4 k.

Phra Chom Khao,str., 8 36

104 20

.94 W

14 32

120 15

.85 S

4 cpq.

Chunshan, str.,

5 56

106 2

.91 N

119 42

.86 SW

3 k.

China, str.,

Ocampo, str.,

Framnes, str.,

112 11 .13 49 109 39 11 39 109 13. 11 28 109 32 9 55 102 58 Mongkut, str....... 9 0 106 22

September 28th. Riojun Maru, str., ...38 53 121 51

.88 E .86 ESE 1 .85 var. 2 .88 WSW # .83

cp.

or.

oq.

Arratoon Apcar, str., Emily Whitney, sh.,

Riojun Maru, str., Toonan, str.,

W 2 oq.

Orient, bk., Coptie, str.,

30.21 NW 2

105 36 2 37 124 39 September 30th.

.38 53 121 51 .38 38 117 5 .38 36 .......35 25 Sabine Rickmers, str.. .34 53

3 35

.90 NEẠN ... k.

SE 2

、•

30.01

S 1 b.

.00

var. I b.

119 52

.06 E

139 38

.06 NE 2

123 34

29.89 NNE 7

or.

Toonan, str.,

Orient, bk.,

Raveuna str.,

........38 8 .38 4 .......35 10

117 44 121 5

.23 var. I

Braemar, str..... .34 0

129 50

.77 ESE 4

or.

.20 NE 1

Pingsucy, str.,

......33 10

185 19

.98 ESE 5 op.

139 44

Kagoshima Maru, str., ...34 22

132 27

NE 2 29.94 E 1

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora, 32 38

129 20

.78 S 7-10 org.

Lyderhorn, str.,.....31 17

127 24

.75 SW 8

...

H.I.A.M.S. Aurora,.31 10 Sabine Richimers, str., ...29 21

128 17

30.04 NNE 4

or.

Hohenzollern, str.,...28 10

126 4

.28 18

Osaka, bk.,

Ask, str.,...

Lubeck, str., Lyeemoon, str., Peiyang, str.,

122 25 123 54 27 25 121 10

.26 38 120 8 .25 27 121 49 .23 55 118 50

or.

.01 NNE 7 29.97 NE orq. 0.06 NE N 6

Ancona, str.,

27 34

123 12

.84 NW 5 0. .91 NNW 6

oq.

Osaka, bk.,

.26 15

Ancona, str., ..... .23 13 Hohenzollern, str., .....23

Frejr, str., .......................21 54 Hongkong, str., .20 13

117 10 117 18 113 34

29.93 .92

.00 NNE 4 NNE 7 NE 5 NE 6 k. ENE. 6 NNE 7 orq.

or.

oq.

Natal, str.,

Lubeck, str.,

.23 52 .22 53

123 50 118 8 116 52

NNE 3

.91 NNW I

.92 N 4

Velocity, bk......

.20 37

136 41

WNW 1

Ocampo, str.,

19 22

113 41

.90 N 5

Yuensang, str.,

.19

Tailce, str.,

6 .17 2

116 32 113 39

.96 NNW 4

cp.

.94 W 4

oq.

orq.

110 44

.90

Mongkut, str., Propontis, str.,

.16 56

110 34

.95 NNW 2

16 5

110 53

.98 N 2

Phra Nang, str.,

.20 6

112 48

.81 NW 8

Ixion, str.,

.12 30

110 +

30.03 N 4 C.

Velocity, bk.,

.20 2

137 21

WSW I

Shanghai, str.,

11 23

Holstein, str.,

.18 38

111 31

.85

N 4

Machew, str.,

8 24

110 57 104 58

29.96 NNE 3 k.

Menmuir, str.,................... .17 23

117 29

.86

Wingsang, str.,

...17 14

113 42

Ocampo, str.,

..18 10 111 42

.89

ނ ރ. އ

Arratoon Apear, str., 6 51 Emily Whitney, sh., 2 40 Chuushan, str., ............. 2 5

107 56

.95 var. var, k. .95 NE

125 15

SSE 2 k.

101 38

.97 SSW 3

OCTOBER, 1895.

October 1st.

John Baizley, bk., ...49° 56′ 140° 46′

29.81 WSW 4 k.

Toonan, str.,

.38 38 117 5 .38 34 119 11

.02 .96

Orient, bk.,

Sabine Rickmers, str., ...37 53 122 7 Pingsuey, str.,.33 29 135 57 Hohenzollern, str., ...31 3 131 18

.30 Ancona, str.,

• 126 16 Lyderhorn, str., .29 27 124 12 Osaka, bk.,

.27 16 123 15 Chi Yuen, str.. .24 49 118 41 Velocity, bk., ........ .19 47 136 6 Shanghai, str.. ..15 29 112 48 Tuilee, str.,

...13 25 111 44

.89 var. 1 b. .96 W 2 k. .90 NW 5 .77 SE

NEN 6 .98 NE 3 k.

W } .98 NNW 4 k. .98 W 2 k.

October 1st. Propontis, str.,

...12° 5' 109°26′ 30.04 Benvenue, str., ......11 21 108 38

.01 Machew, str.,.........10 29 108 1 29.95 var. Kong Beng, str., ...10 13 102 40

.97 var. Arratoon Apear, str., 9 55

110 0 .96 NNE Catherine Apear, str., 9 52 109 33 30.00 Ixion, str.,

7 54 108 32 October 2nd. John Baizicy, bk.....47 54 139 30 Orient, bk.......

33:23 22

NE 2

.04 WSW 4

.38 47 Toouan, str.,

..38 20 Kagoshima Maru, str.....34 45 Riojun Maru, str.....34 43

118 12

29.69 .95

E 2

119 45

.91

125 15

NNW 3

122 49

.93

SW 3

20 05 10 10 O

5 On

ON-m jog

Per arr? 20 2

OCTOBER, 1895.

557

October 2nd.

October 4th.

Vessel.

Lat.

Long.

Bar.

Wind.

Wea-

Vessel.

North.

East.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

Long. Bar.

East.

Wind. Dir. For. ther.

Wea-

ins.

0-12

ias.

C-12

Hohenzollern, str., Sagami Maru, str.,

...33° 44′ 136° 53′

29.73

...33 30

136 0

.73 WSW 1

Sagami Maru, str.,...34° 20′ Changsha, str., ......33 58

133°39′ 29.97

op.

130 55

.97

NW 2 k.

Iser, str.,

.32 48

126 4

.91 N. 4

Ravenna, str.,.

.32 0

128 46

.89

N 4

Ancona, str.,

.32 43

129 50

.91

NE 3.

Toonan, str.,

.31 16

122 14

30.06 W 1

Coptic, str.,.....

.32 43 135

.87

Mecfoo, str.,

.28 16 121 57

Ching Ping, str.,......28

121 33

Osaka, bk.,

.27 34

124 31

Chi Yuen, str.,

.27

120 50

N 5 C. NNW 2 80.00 NNE 2 NE 5 .00 NNE 2 k.

Kwanglee, str.,

.30 15

122 34

.05 NNE 2

Nanyang, str., ......30

122 37

.04 N 2 C.

Empress of Japan, sir.,.30)

122 36

.08 NNE 4

Meumuir, str.,

.28 46

122 3

01 NNE 4

Osaka, bk...................

.28 45

123 35

NE 5

Lyderhorn, str.,

.26 52

121 21

29.99

N 2

Kriembild, str.,

..27 13

125 26

.00 N 3

cq.

Nanyang, str.,....

.23 57

118

.93

NE 3 b.

Riojun Maru, str.,...26

120 39

.07 N

3 b.

Kwanglee, str.,

.23 54

117 52

.98

NE 3 b.

Nanchang, str.,

.23 21

117 4

29.98 NE 4 k.

Kriemhild, str.,

.23 25

117 27

.99 NNE 4 cm.

Lyderhorn, str.,

.22 22

115

30.01 NE

Menmuir, str.,..

.23

117 6

.94 NE 5 k.

Benvenue, str., ......21 48

113 52

29.98 ENE 3

Keong Wai, str.,.

.20 47

113 25

30.00 ESE 4

Mascotte, str.,

.20 59

107

.96 SE B

Sishan, str.,

.20 32

114 32

29.95

Arratoon Apear, str., 20 54

113 46

.98 NE

Hongkong, str., ..............20 22

108 38

.98

Yuensang, str.,

...20 50

115 19

.97 ENE S (.

Frejr, str.,

..20 16

111 8

.99

Machew, str.,.......................20 21

112 52

30.00 E var. k.

Mascotte, str.,.

..20 15

111 30

30.01

Shanghai, str.,

Velocity, bk.,

.19 49 113 49 .19 36 136 1

.02

NE 3

Picciola, str..

...19 33

112 27

29.97

Benvenue, str., ......14 41

110 15

.97 ENE 2

10 00 00 14 1

Velocity, bk.,.........20

133 43

('.

Zafiro, str.,.................... .16

119

29.96

0 ('.

Kong Beng, str.,

...14 38

110 15

.94

ESE 3

Glenfalloch, str.,

...14 15

112 24

.97

ep.

Keong Wai, str.,

...13

.98 8 109 33

E 2

Arratoon Apear, str., 13 33

111 57

.92 NNE

部

Sishan, str.,

109 34*

.93

Machew, str.,

.13 17

109 42.

.94 NNE 2 k.

Picciola, str............

.12 22

109 26

.94 S 4

Tailee, str.,

10 0

109 40

.93

S 1

Memnon, str.,

12 10

119 38

.93 NNW 2

Kong Beng, str........ 8 39

105 50

.95

2 k.

Natal, str.,

.12 10

109 30

.96

('.

Propontis, str.,

8 0

107 48

.98

0 b.

Cromarty, str.,

9 50

109 29

.95 NNE I

Catherine Apcar, str., 5 58

107 32

.97

0 k.

Chunshan, str.,

102 24

.94

var. 1

Ixion, str.,

Cromarty, str.,.................

Emily Whitney, sh.,

John Baizley, bk., ...46

Kagoshima Maru, str.....38

2 37

3 40 105 50 8 17 108 39 127 23 October 3rd.

...

30.01 WSW 1 29.97 N 2

WSW 2 k.

Florida, str.,

3 56

105 89

var. 1

Tailee, str.,...............

3 4

104 55

.93 SW

Emily Whitney, sh., Shantung, str.,

2 52

129 18

نمت

0.40

104 28

.96

58 138 54

29.91

121 55

.93

Toonan, str.,

.35 34

122 44

.97

Iser, str.,

.35 4

129 28

30.00 NNE 2 k.

Changsha, str.,

...34 40

135 11

29.97

Sagami Maru, str.,

.34 40

185 11

.98 E

Progress, str.,

.33 57

122 31

W 1

Ravenna, str.,

.33 53 130 15 .33 52 131 14 129 38 122 54 122 49

Ancona, str., Coptic, str.,............31 49 Ching Ping, str.................30 58 Riojun Maru, str., ...30 20 Chi Yuen, str., ......29 52 Osaka, bk.,

.98

W 2 k.

-10 H NO NO 19 19 19 N

2 k.

122 36

30.00 NE 1 29.93 NNE 4 30.00 .01 29.96

N 1 NE 2 b.

.28 27

123 15

Kwanglec, str.,

.26 56

120 24

30.01

N/E 8

N NNE 1

24222 A LA LA LA 22223

October 5th.

John Baizley, bk....45 55

b. Iser, str.,

.41 35

138 6 132 0

30.32

SSE 1

.23

N 3

Ching Ping, str., ...37 32 Pingsuey, str., ......37 19 Kagoshima Maru, str., .36 41 Ancona, str., .........34 40 Sagami Marn, str., .33 58 Hohenzollern, str.....33–40

122

.21

E 1

141 81

29.87

NE 9

or.

122 46

30.25 SE

135 11

29.96 NE 3

130 55

136 33

Changsha, str.,

.32 32

128 0

k. Coptic, str.,

.29 49

125 37

30.09 N 29.94 NNW 4 30.13 NE

.01 NNE

t'.

Kriemhild, str.,

.29 47

129 10

k. Osaka, bk....

.29 32

Ravenna, str.,

.28 50

Nanchang, str.,

..25 35

Nanyang, str.,

.26 55 120 27

Menmuir, str.,.........25 50 119 57

Kriemhild, str.,

.25 12 121

Mcefoo, str.,

24 59

119 38

Empress of Japan, str., .24 56

Lyderhorn, str., ......24 5

Mascotte, str.,.............

Velocity, bk.,

Benvenue, str.,

119 30 118 43 .20 36 107 20 .19 39 135 39 .18 28 111 35

29.97

.97 NE 4 k. 30.01 NNE 3 .01 N 2 .00 NE 4 .00 N 2 29.95

NE 1

em.

Brindisi, str.,

.22 21

122.48 124 81 119 56 114 50

.01 NNE 4

...

NEN 2

04 NNE 4

.09 NNE 5

Hongkong, str.,......21 45

113 30

.01

.04 ENE 4

2 2 6 8 8

Bisagno, str.,

.21 27

114 20

.01

6 opq.

Mascotte, str., ....20 59

107 1

29.94

5 orq.

Velocity, bk.....

.20 32

131 23

...

Taiyuan, str.,....

.19 ...

117

.99 NEE 4

SSE 2

cp.

Zafiro, str.,.............

...

117

30.01 ENE 5

N 1

Kong Beng, str.,

...18 26

111 23

29.94 E 3

.95

ENE 2

Yuensang, str.,

.17 32

117 41

Glenfalloch, str.,...

18 14 113 34

.96

ESE 3

Memnon, str... • • •

Natal, str.,

Sishan, str......

Keong Wai, str.,

Arratoon Apear, str.,.17

.17 29 111 40 17 15 111 28 17 10 110 42

.94 SE 1

Cromarty, str.,

.92 ESE 4

Chunshan, str.,

.98 ESE 4

Glenfalloch, str.,

113 19

.93 NE

Keong Wai, str.,

Machew, str.,

16 58

110 45

.89 ENE 4

Picciola, str.,

.16 11

110 30

.95 SE 3

Florida, str.,

Kong Beng, str.,......11

108 .49

.92 NW 2

117 51 111 54 101. 0 110 27 9 34 107 37 Loosok, str., .............. 8 35 105 29 6 46 107 28 October 6th.

.15.50

.13 22 .11 58 ...10 38

...

.91 SE 3 .92 NNE 1 b. .97 N 2 k. .90 NNE 3

b. .94 SSW 1 .96 SSW 2 C. .96 S 2 k. SW 1 C.

Cromarty, str.,..

6 33

109 22

.96 NNW 2

Johu Baizley, bk.....44

Tailee, str.,

Propontis, str.,

Chunshan, str.,

Emily Whitney, sh.,

Catherine Apear, str.,

John Baizley, bk., ...46

Kagoshima Maru, str.,...38 53

6 27

106 56 4 34 106 5 4 18 103 56 3 8 128 47 5 105 27 October 4th.

.93 SIV 3

Pingsney, str., ... .40 32

138 21 141 48

.98 SW 1 .93 W

SSW 2 .92 SW 2

Ching Ping, str., ...38 5 Sagani Maru, str., .33 58 Ancona, str.,

120 38

30.25 WSW 2 .27 N 4 .30 E 2 0.

130 55

.......33 58

136 34

Kagoshima Maru, str., .32 23

122 33

.10 ESE 3 k. .07 NE 4 .20 E 2 b.

ი.

Kriemhild, str., ......31 53

182 42

.06 NE 7 eq.

Iser, str.,

Progress, str.,

Ancona, str.,

138 35 30.04 SSW 5 121 51 .38 11 131 20 .37 33 122 87 ..34 40 135 11 Ching Ping, str........34 27 122 58

Empress of Japan, str.,.31 38

124 52

.01

.03 S 1 b. .12 ENE 4 k. 0 k. NE 4 ogr.

Osaka, bk............

.29 51

Changsha, str.,

.29 16

Rosetta, str.,

.28 50

Nanchang, str., -•

.28 29

.12

NE 3 k.

Coptic, str.,

.25 50

123 0 128 44 122 18 121 48 120 35

15 ENE 6 0. NE 5 .13 NE 5 .19 ENE 5 .16 N 4

.02 NNE &

558

OCTOBER, 1895.

October 6th.

October Sth.

Vessel.

Lat.

Long.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Lat.

Long.

Dar.

North.

East.

Dir. For. ther.

North.

East.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

ins.

0-12

ins.

0-12

Ravenna, str.,

Brindisi, str.,

Taisang, str.,

Argyll, str.,.

Ask, str.,

.25°‍26′ 120° 2′ 24 7 118 133 .23 8 116 47 22 21 114 49 .21 45 113 30

Kong Beng, str.,.

.21

113 25

Rio, str.,

.21

114 18

Velocity, bk.,

.21 0

129 83

30.03 NNE 4 k. .04 NE 5 C. .05 E 5 C. .01 E 4 b. .06 ENE 3 29.97 ENE 6 .97 ENE 4 N 6

Phr Chor Klao, str.....

5 28

105 27

var.

Framnes, str.,

8 26

104 40

Torrisdale, bk.,

1 21

120 33 29.90

October 9th.

John Baizley, bk.,...44 Orient, bk......

1 185 54

29.94

NW 5

.88 54

119 8

30.22

NNE 1 k.

Empress of Japan, str., 34 34

►

135 10

29.95 SW 2

Mascotte, str.,....

.20 59

107 1

.97 NNW 1

cr.

Bengloe, str.,..... .58 47 Hohenzollern, str.,...33 22

130 9

.98 NNW 2

129 28.

.95 NW 2 k.

Frejr, str.,

.20 10 110 5

Memnou, str.,

Cassius, str.,

Bisagno, str.,

.19 80 116 56- .17 47 108 5 17 87 113 29

.98 ESE 3 .94 NE t

Osaka, bk.,

32 17

124 36

pq.

Brindisi, str.,

.30 25

126 46

.97

.89 SSE 4

CV.

Sagami Maru, str., .28 24

123 25

30.09

232 246242S4

.98 SE

cp.

Argyll, str.,

.25 14

120 59

Cromarty, str.,. .

.16 31

113 9

.95 N

Kagoshima Maru, str.....23 35

119 39

Yuensang, str.,

.14 30

120 17

.83

SE 2

Peru, str.,

.23 35

117 57

30.04

Loosok, str.,.

11 7

108 47

.93 var.

Lycemoon, str.,

.23 16

116 55

Florida, str.,

9 15

109 29

Lyderhorn, str.,......22 57

116 34

Glenfalloch, str.,..

6 51

108 10

.98

SW 1

Velocity, bk.,

21 48

119 20

Keong Wai, str........ 5 55

105 53

.96

S 3

Mascotte, str.,

20 37

107 35

Emily Whitney, sh.,. 4 25

130 39

SSW 8

Loosok, str.,

.20 29

112 46

Chingtu, str.,

2.21

125 1

.87 NW 1

Sungkiang, str.,......20

119 0

Torrisdale, bk.,

0 10

119 9

.91 SSWV 4

Phra Nang, str.,

..19 50

113 31

04 NEN 6 ein.

29.99 NE 6 b.

NE 6

.00 E/N 5 .06 NE

ESE

.10 E/S 4

.04 NE 5 29.96 NNE 4 .98 NEE 3

October 7th.

Florida, str.,

.17 32

114 1

crq.

John Baizley, bk.....44 54

137 47

30.22 SW/W 6

Chingtu, str...............

119 46

.87 NNW 1

Sagami Maru, str.,...33 39

129 52

Kriemhild, str., ......33 24

135 53

Bombay, str.,

.32 45

120 19

10 NE 4 .05 NE 9

10 NE 6 C.

Marquis Becqueham,str.12 57

111 55

.89 ENE 3

ogq.

China, str.,.............

12 24

109 25

.90 N

or.

Picciola, St...

11 1

108 47

.98 NE 4 b.

Nanchang, str.,

...31 33

122 11

.14

NE 5

Phra Cham Khao, str.,...10 4:

108 20

.91 E 4

Osaka, bk.,

Kagoshima Maru, str.,

Brindisi, str., Changsha, str., Taisang, str., Rosetta, str., Argyll, str.,.......... Ravenna, str.,

Coptic, str.,

Velocity, bk., Mascotte, str.,.

Frejr, str., Cromarty, str., Rio. str., Loosok, str., Cassins, str.,

Bisagno, str.,

.31 32 .28 23 120 40 .25 54 120 55 .25 39 120 10 25 19 119 33 24 15 118 47 23 8 117 17 .22 26 115 7

22 0.

115 4 .21 11 126 27 20 59 107 1 .20 30 111 20 .19 34 113 87 .18 3 110 57 14 31 110 25 13 51 109 28 13 47 112 4

122 48

NE 1

Framnes, str.,...

10 2

107 40

NE 3

.06

Rio, str.,.....

9 50

107 46

NE 2

29.98

NE 5

Bisagno, str.,..

6 44

30.02 NNE 6 29.98 N 6

.98 NE 6 cm. .90 NE .96 NNE 5 .99 NE 2 N 6

Cassins, str.,

5 50

107 33 100 11

.92

.89 SW 3 CV.

Emily Whitney, sh., 3 45 135 45 Torrisdale, bk., 1 50 120 47 Keong Wai, str., 1 17 104 5 October 10th. John Baizley, bk.....42 46 134 36 Orient, bk.,.

.91

.93 W

30.01 .00 29.97 .86

SE 4 ENE 4

I'. NE 5-8 c. NE

Tacoma, str.,

29.94 SSW 5 .39 56 121 28 30.18 NE 7 .34 27 134 3 29.96 NNW 4

oq.

Osaka, bk........

22 56

123 35

NE 5

Bengloe, str.,.

31 55

120 51

NE 4

Glengyle, str., ......31 43

125 23

.97 N 4

.93 NE

Hohenzollern, str.,...31 19

127 49

.95 N 6

.90 SE

Chi Yuen, str.,

.28 23

121 55

.88 NE

cr.

Kwanglee, str.,......27 59

.27 59

121 33

Florida, str.,

12 16 111 15

NNE

Argyll, str.,

.26 27

Framnes, str.,

10 35 102 6

Chingtu, str.,

6 10

Marquis Becqucham, str.,

5 39

122 33 107

.83 NW 2 .85

Peru, str.,

123 15 .26 21 121 10

Meefoo, str.,

.25 45

119 43

var.

or.

Sagami Maru, str.,

.25 34

120 10

Emily Whitney, sh.,.

3 40

132 37

WSW 8

Lyeemoon, str.,

.25 33

119 57

30.09 N/W 3 .06 NNE 4 29.98 N

7 cq. 30.07 NE 6 .07 NNE 4

NE 4

.04 NEN 4

Glenfalloch, str.,.. 8 31

105 50

.88 WSW 3

cp.

Lyderhorn, str.,.. .2.5 1

119 20

Torrisdale, bk.,

Keong Wai, str.,.... 2 9 0 55

October 8th.

104 37

.91

ESE 2

Kagoshima Maru, str...23 35

119 39

.06 NE 5 29 97 NE 5

119 44

.91

SW 1

Sangkiang, str.,. .33 18

118 24

30.06 NNE 7

Velocity, bk.,...

.24 8

116 51

John Baizley, bk.,

Nanchang, str.,

14 52 .35 27 122 46

187 35 30.14

Hongkong, str.,......20 28 111

.12

Mascotte, str.,

Hohenzollern, str., ...34 37 Kriemhild, str., ... .34 34 Empress of Japan, str., -33 50

135 7

29.97

Florida, str.,

.20 19 111 3 20 14 114 28

138 50

.99

6 crq.

Chingtu, str.,................ .17 42

117 13

132 33

30.00

Tacoma, str., .......33 42

135 12

.00, NW 4

Marquis Becqueham, str.,16 44 Phra Nang, str., ...16 38

113 25

110 39

N 6 .01 NE 5 .08 NE/E 4

NE 5 C. 29.89 NE 5 cp. .91 NE 7 or. .95 NNE 4

ES44 SAAS&SAMC ¦ S 65

Osaka, bk., ........

.31 42

122 38

China, str.,......................

.15 10

110 17

Or.

.90 NNE 3 k.

Sagami Maru, str.,...31 B

126 54

.03

N 4

Picciola, str.,

13 26

Taisang, str.,

Brindisi, str.,

28 17 .28 4 123 41

121 39

.07. N 5 01 NNE 5

Phra Chom Kiao, str.,... 13

Rio, str......

5 59

Argyll. str....

Kagoshima Maru, str., ...25 16 121 22

Phra Nang, str., Changsha, str., Mascotte, str.,............ Loosok, str., Sungkiang, str., Florida, str., Rio, str., Bisagno, str., China, str.j

23 2 116 43 ..22 38 115 44

.20 59 107

17 50 111 26

21 8 110 19

.00 NE 3 29.96 NE 30.01 ENE 4 .00 NE 5 .04 ESE

Oanfa, str.,...

6 cm. Keong Wai, str.,

Emily Whitney. sh., Java, str.,

110 20 110 13 105 50 5 85 107 4 5 18 103 26 4 21

.93

N 3 .02 N 4

var. 2 orq.

.95 N 1

.983

136 42

var.

105 48

.94

NE 2

29.96

NE 5 k.

16 43 119 82

.86

15 3 112 40

N 3 NE 1

Bisagno, str....... Torrisdale, bk., Cassins, str.,

3 22

105 41

.92

or.

Chingtu, str.,

Cassins, str.,

Marquis Becqucham, str., 9 3

B 51 109 58 10 30 110 10 10 19 107 27 10 13 121 50

9.21 108 à .88 SW 1

109 87 .85

83 .88

var.

2 orq

var.

John Baizley, bk.,...42 11

Orient, bk......

Victoria. st.

.85 var. 1

Osaka, bk

CV.

Bengloe, str.,

Peru, str.,

2 27 121 3 2 10 104 30 October 11th. 1832 49 10 9 120 19 30 31 122 52 .33 50 122 18 29 29 123 52 7 124 45

.90 .89

var.

30.14 NNW 6

.28 W

NNE 4

NE 5 .18 NNE 4 .06. N

ن د ن د ن : ن د ننه :

OCTOBER, 1895.

559

October 11th.

Vessel.

Lat.

North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

East.

October 13th.

Long. Bar

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

ins.

0-12

ins.

-12

Lycemoon, str., Meefoo, str.,

Hohenzollern, str.,

Argyll, str.,.

Lyderhorn, str.,

Peiyang, str.,

27 24

.28° 48′ 122° 2′ .28 34.121 51 .27 58 123 7 .27 34 125 53 ..27 25 121 33 121 14

30.09 NNE 5 C. .09 N 3 k. .10 N 5 29.98 NNE 6 C. 30.13 NE 5

Taisang, str.,

28° 17′

121° 53′

30.18

NE 4 C.

Sabine Rickmers, str.....27 35

121 35

.13

N 4 h.

Nanyang, str., ......27 28

121 26

.12

NE 3

Toonan, str.,

.27

120 53

.13 NE

Ravenna, str.,

.26

120 56

.12 NEN 6

.14 NNE 3

Chi Yuen, str., ......25 12

119 35

O NEN 4

Sungkiang, str., .24 21 118 9

Kwanglee, str., .24 17 Kagoshima Maru, str.,...23 35

.13

E 4

118 43

.08

NE 5

119 39

NE 5

Sagami Maru, str.,...22

116 33

.05

Frejr, str.,

22 22

114 52

29.97

E 4

Bygdo, str......

22 16

115 9

30.02

6 2 3 4 2 2 22

Bygdo, str.,

24 58

119 28

.06 NE +

Bengloe, str.,

.24

118 23

.11 NE +

Choysang, str., ......23

116 42

.06 NE 5

Riojun Maru, str.,.. 22 28

120 26

.04 WNW 3

Kagoshima Maru, str., .22 28

120 26

.02 NW 2

น.

Phra Chon Klag str.,.21 25

113 26

29.99

E 4

Zafiro, str.,................

.21

119

30.06 ENE 3 (".

Benvenue, str,

.20 27

112 55

.04 ENE +

Mascotte, str.,........

113 54

...

NEE 3

Picciola, str.,

.20 20

112 30

.01 NE 5

('.

Chingtu, str.,

.....21 13

114 45

.01

NË 4 C.

Framues, str.,

.19 7

112 1

29.98 ENE 5

04.

Marquis Becqueham, str., 20 23

113 46

.02

NE 6 op.

Oanfa, str.,.

16 45

113 15

.98 NE 5

eq.

China, str.,

..18

111 1

Phía Chom Klao, str., ...10 10

110 32

Picciola, str.,

15 50

110 52

Framues, str.,

14 15

110 28

Phra Nang, str., .12 10

109 24

29.98 NE 4

.99 ENE 6 orq. .95 NNE 5 or. .89 var.

orq. .87 var. 2 q.

Memnon, str., Kong Beng, str., Salazie, str., Java, str.,

......15 36

116 32

.92

var. 1

OF.

...15 15

109 56

.14 30 110 9

30.03 29.95

SE 8

cp.

14 21

112 20

.91 ENE 2

Sishan, str.,

12 37

109 29

.91 N 1 k.

Keong Wai, str.,...... 9 16

101 58

.91 NNW 3 crq.

Arratoon Apear, str.,11 31

110 40

.85 var. 1

Oanfa, str.,

8 59

109 27.

Java, str.,

* 34

108 12

Tailee, str.,

459

107 6

.93 NE 3 .94 NE 3 .88 N 4 09.

Tailee, str.,..

.10 54

111 40

.88 var. t q.

cp.

Chunshan, str.,

8 50

104 7

.95

var. 3

org.

Cassius, str.,

8 28

106 41

.85

E/S 3

cp.

Emily Whitney, sh.,.

4 50

136 48

Torrisdale, bk.,

2 7

122 2

var. 1

.92 NE 2

or.

Propontis, str.,

7 53

106 41

NW 1

Rio, str.,

2 3

104 42

Propontis, str.,

1 10 103 42

October 12th.

.89 S .89 E

%~10

John Baizley, bk., ...42 42 182 51

30.06 NNW 6

Gaelic, str.,....

.37

175 2

Empress of Japan, str.....36 41

143 38

.13 NW 3 29.62 NE/N10 · orq.

32 23

Emily Whitney, sh., Phra Nang, str., 4 27 Torrisdale, bk., ..................

...

136 22

var. 1

105 30 2 58 123 33

.87

SSE 1

.89 SE 4

or.

October 14th.

Empress of Japan, str.,.42

156 2

30.33 WNW 6

Nanchang, str.,

38 52

118 12

Progress, str.,.

87 37

121 27

.02 S 2 SSW 5

Osaka, bk.,

.34 24

124 53

Glengyle, str.,.

.33 53

131 9

Ancona, str.,

Victoria, str.,

Peru, str., Toonan, str.,

Argyll, str.,

Lyderhorn, str.,

Bengloe, str.,

.26 50

Hohenzollern, str., ...24 6

118 39

N 4 k. var. 2 .33 14 139 45

N 5 k. .32 47 123 16

N 3 .32 7 128 44 30.03 NNE 4 .30 46 122 12 .19 NE 2 .28 58 128 35 29.98 NNE 5 ..28 54 124 10 30.13 N 4

121 5

.13

N 3 14 NE 5

Osaka, bk.....

.37 30

122 33

SE 3 0.

.98 .76

Gaelic, str.,

.37

162 19

.33

1 opq.

Pingsucy, str.,

..34 59

140 16

.36

E 4 0.

Ancona, str., ....

..34 40

EX•

Menmnir, str.,

......34 9

Argyll, str.,

.32 29

Tacoma, str.,

31 9

Ravenna, str.,

..29 24

Bygdo, str.,

.27 45

135 11 133 7 134 33 126 11 124 49 121 44

.22 NE 3 k.

.16 E 5 oq. .10 E 4 orq.

.07 var. 2

.04 N 1

or.

.06 NNE 2

Ravenna, str.,

.23 26

117 30

.06 NEE 6

Choysang, str., ..............25 11 Sabine Rickmers, str., -24 47

119 41

.06 NW 3

119 13

Frejr, str.,

.23 26

117 82

.08 NË 6

Bygdo, str.,.......

.23 16

117 18

.02 NE 4

Mascotte, str.,...

.23 3

116 39

.10 NE E 5

Sungkiang, str.,

.22 15

114 25

.08 NE 4

Kwanglee, str.,

..22 13

114 22

.07 ENE 5

China, str.,

.20 20

112 36

Memnon, str., .........19 32 115 20

Phra Chom Klao, str., ...19 20

111 43

Kong Beng, str.,......19 7

111 53

Picciola, str.,

Framues, str.,

Oanfa, str.,

Java, str.,

Sishan, str......................

Salazie, str.,

.18 37 111 27 .16 51 110 45 .12 50 111 26 10 52 110 12 10 17 107 14 10 16 107 32

29.98 NE 5 .98 NE 4 30.07 NE 6 .00 ENE 4 29.98 NNE 4 .91 NNE 4 .94 NE 2 .91 NE

4 cpq. .88 E 1 k. .95 NE 3

Taisang, str.....................24 31 Nanyang, str., ......24 3 Marquis Becquebam, str.,23 55 Riojun Maru, str.,...22 28 Kagoshima Maru, str., .22 28 Bengloe, str.,..... 22 22 Framues, str.,.

118 59

118 28

118 22

120 26

.04 NNE 4 .07 NEN 4 .01 NNE 3 .04 NNE 4 .01 SW 2

3 3 4 3 2

120 26

29.97

115 8

.21 29

114 15

oq.

Oaufa, str.,................

.21 1

Salazie, str.,

18 26

or.

Java, str.,

17 55

oq.

Zafiro, str....................

.17

Benvenue, str.,

.16 31

Sishan, str.,

Tailee, str.,

Memnon, str..

15 24 13 52 .11 34

113 42 111 19 113 25 120 109 56 110 39 114 26

SW 2 30.03 ENE 2 .03 NE 5

.04 NE 4 .01 29.93

.98 Ε

.95 ENE 3

117 37

.88 .88 .95

E 5

4ON #0 10 30

NE 1

Phra Nang, str.,...... 8 17

107 8

.87 SSE 2

Kong Beng, str.,

...10 52

108 37

Tailee, str.,

7 54

109 26

.86 NE 1

Chunshan, str.,

9.50

Emily Whitney, sh.,. 5 21

137 23

NE 2

Arratoon Apear, str.,

7 59

Cassius, str.,

1 42

105 43

.90 NNE 1

Propontis, str.,

4.23

Torrisdale, bk.,

105 21 123 0

.90 NW 2 .88 var. Jortl.

Emily Whitney, sh., Torrisdale, bk.,

7 25

107 23 198 30 136 10 3 56 123 47 October 15th.

E 3 .85 E 4

or.

.83 S/W 1

.90

var. 1

0 k.

33223332908÷38 ±å å å

October 13th.

Empress of Japan, str... 45 12

Progress, str., .......................40 21

Empress of Japan, str.....39

Pingsuey. str.,................ .38 59

Gaelic, str.,

.37 20

Glengyle, str.,

.34 40

Osaka, bk.,

Ancona, str.,

Tacoma, str.,

Menauir, str.,

Lyderhorn, str., ......31 4

Argyll, str.,..

Bombay, str.,

121 57 148 16 30.17 141 58

.21

SW 3 168 22 .15 SE 135 11 .12 NE .34 24 122 57

88 57 135 3 .33 43 130 0 ..33 37

129 7 127 20 .30 37 131 40 ..28 26 122 2

ENE 5

NW 7

.17 NW

.23 var. 2 b.

.17 NE 5 k. .18 NE 3

2 3 5 3 324 32

ད་་་

Progress, str.,. Gaelic, str., Ancona, str., Peru, str.,

Osaka, bk.,................

Argyll, str.,

Ravenus, str.,

.32 28

163 44 30.34 NW 7 38 51 120 25

WSW 2 .37 36 121 34

ENE 1 36 28 155 30 .33 47 131 40 .33 42 132 10 .33 41 137 25 129 17

.50 NE 1 C. .02 W 3 k. .01 NW 3 c. 29.94 SE

4 org. 30.01 N 4 k.

Bygdo, str., .........30–50)

122 49

.06 NNW 1

Choysaug, str.,

.28 20

121 47

.12 NE 2

Tacoma, str.,

..28 18

123 18

.13 NW2 b.

12 NNE 2

Marquis Becqucham, str.,27

121 15

.11 NE 1

.16 NNE 2

C. Chingtu, str., ....................23 15

117 28

.02 NE

560

OCTOBER, 1895.

October 15th.

October 18th.

Vessel.

Lat.

Long. Bar.

Wind. Wea.

Vessel.

Lat.

Long.

Bar.

North.

East.

Dir. For. ther.

North.

East.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For ther.

ins.

0-12

ins.

0-12

Ask, str........

Sishan, str.,

Tailee, str.,

Chunshan, str.,

Kagoshima Maru, str., ...22° 28′ Riojun Maru, str., ...22 28 120 27 Java, str.,

.21 58 113 59 Machew, str.,

.20 55 114 49 .20 30 111 20 18 46 111 49 .17 23 115 43 .12 18 109 29

120° 20′

29.99. W 1 b.

30.02 WNW 2 b. Sunda, str.,..

.00 E 6 k.

Java, str.,

29.99 var. 6 k.

.95 ENE 3

.92 ENE 5 k.

.90 ENE 4

2422 23

Meefoo, str.,

24° 56′

119° 35′ 29.96

.24 55

119 33

0 b.

.24 26

119 2

.95

var. 1

Riojun Maru, str.,...22

120 15

.98 S

Bombay, str.,..........

22 30

115 21

.97 ENE 2.

Chunshan, str.,

.2 11

114 5

.90 E 2

Ask, str.,

.21 50

113 25

.88 ENE 1

Benvenue, str.,

...11 33

109 12

.87 NNE 4 orq .83 NW 1

Cosmopolit, str.,

...21 38

113 28

.94 SW

od.

Picciola, str.,

.21 26

113 35

.91 ESE 3 b.

Kong Beng, str........ 8. 24

104 54

.95 SW 3

Mirzapore, str.,

.16 23

113 18

.89 NE 4 C.

Emily Whitney, sh.,. 8 19

135 85

var. 1

Airlie, str.....

121 41

.85

Memnon, str.,

7 35

116 47

.90

var. 1

Emily Whitney, sh., 10

134 42

ENE 2 k.

HON

0 b.

Mirzapore, str.,

4.30

105 40

.95

Machew, str.,................

108 15

$5 NE 4 cp.

Arratoon Apeur, str.,

4 28

106 13

SWIS

Prinz Heinrich, str.,

5 40

106 48

.81

N 1 (.

Torrisdale, bk.,

3 45

123 50 .90

Torrisdale, bk.,

4 14

October 16th.

124 50 October 19th.

.89 ESE 1

Empress of Japan, str.....47

36 172 20 30.31

Osaka, bk.,

.38 47

118 3

Gaelic, str..

.35 59

149 7

.04 SE

Progress, str.,

.35 15

122 55

Bygdo, str..... Peru, str.,............. Ravenna, str.,

Chingtu, str.,

Bombay, str.,

Tacoma, str.,

Cromarty, str.,.............

Taiyuan, str.,

.34 36 122 54 .33 39 136 31 .33 28 129 37 .26 18 120 35 .25 51 119 57 .25 30 120 9 .23 3 .23

.10

.06 E 2 .08 ENE 4 .02 NE 4 0. .01 NE 4 .05 NNW 4

1-10 CON OLOT

¿ 8 6 0

Chittagong, str.,

...46 24 173 39

29.39 WSW var. op.

Peru, str.,

.34 58

140 12

.90 SE 1 C.

Taiyuan, str.,...

.31

130

Chi Yuen, str.,

.29 10

122 5

.93 30.07

N 4 k.

Sunda, str.,...

28 40

122 11

N 4 0. NNE 5 0.

Java, str.,

27 57

121 44

.06 NEN 6

op.

Lyderhorn, str...

.26 41

121 18

.12

N 3

Progress, str..

.26 23

120 31

NNE 6

...

Frejr, str.,

.24 34

118 54

.03

NE 4

Ancona, str.,

.24 7

118 30

.03

3 0.

117 8 117

.03 NE 4

Lycemoon, str.,

23 57

118 12

.01

NE 1 0.

.00

NE E 3

Meefoo, str.,

22 37

116 13

.02 E

Riojun Maru, str.,

.22 28

120 27

.02

SW 2

Riojun Maru, str.....22 36

120 15

01 NW

Sishan, str.,

.21 37

113 54

29.97

NE 4

Framnes, str.,................ .21 28

113 31

29.99

Tailee, str.,

Hongkong, str.,

.20 55 116 21 .20 25 110 52

.97 NE

Mirzapore, str., ......21 21

113 52

.S7 ENE 4

.95

NE 3

Sungkiang, str.,..

..21 11

118 58

.96 E

AAONN

Machew, str., ....

17 53 111 39

.97 var. 1

Ask, str.,

.20 4

110 20

.88 ENE 3

Yuensang, str., ....

16 14

118 47

.82 E

Picciola, str.,

17 52

111 12

.92 ESE 3 b.

Chunshan, str.,

15 31

110 28

.91 NE 5 k.

Airlie, str.,....

.11 35

119 30

.88 NE 2

Kong Beng, str.,......11 10

101 43

195 E 3 cp.

Emily Whitney, sh., il 53

134 24

ENE 4

Emily Whitney, sh.,. 9

135 9

Mirzapore, str.,

8 22

108 16

NE 2 .88 NNE 3

Prinz Heinrich, str., 10 5

110 0

.86 NE 4

Keong Wai, str.,

...

8.30

105 32

.90 ENE

Memnon, str.,

6.48

116 52

.84 ENE 2

Machew, str.,.

6 25

106 25

.82 var.

Jenny, sch........

6 9

185 11

Phra Nang, str.,..

3 59

104 10

78 NW I

Torrisdale, bk., Repton, str.,

4 24

125 32

.87

3 36

105 50

.83

CPH:

erq.

1 cpq.

Torrisdale, bk.,

3 26

124 26

.88

Airlie, str.,

3 19 124 17

October 17th.

.84

NE 1 ENE 3

ep.

October 20th.

Chittagong, str.,

...46

2 170 38

Chittagong, str.,

Bygdo, str.,... Gaelic, str., Progress, str., Lyeemoon, str., Lyderhorn, str., Ravenna, str.,

.34 50 148 20 82 26 123 9 31 15 121 40 31 12 .30 28

.47 24 177 36 38 40 121 20

29.69

var. var.

or.

30.06

:15

127 32 184 31

Ancona, str.,

.80 18

126 14

Chingtu, str.,

Mecfoo, str., Braemar, str.,

30 11 122 36 28 9 122 2 .27 48 121 53

N 1 k.

var. 4

S 2 0. 29.89 WNW 3 SSE 2 .05 ENE 2 .97

4 .97 NW 3

Peru, str., Ravenna, str., Gaelic, str.,

.37 16

..54 30

Menmuir, str., Taiyuan, str... Salazie, str.,

.34 29 ..34 25 ..33

Java, str.,

.33 31 .31 24

145 45 29.98 138 34 138 48 134 10 134 121 57 121 31

...

E 5 or.

NE 4 cp.

.97 ESE 6 k.

30.00 NE 4 C.

.05 S. 2 ep. .00 ENE 6 k. .12 NE 3 C.

.15 NEN 2

Of.

Choy Sang, str.,

...27 46

121 28

.10 NE 2

Lyderhorn, str.,

.24 6

118 51

.08 NE 5

.96 SW

Progress, str.,.........23 58 Kwanglee, str., .23 23

118 16

117 5

.94

Riojun Maru, str.,...22 36

120 16

.26

Phra Nang, str.,

7 50

Taiyuan, str., Salazie, str.. Tacoma, str., Sunda, str., Java, str., Yuensang, str., Chunshan, str., Machew, str., Mirzapore, str., ... Emily Whitney, sh.,.

Airlie, str.,

25 36 117 49 .28 3 116 59 .22 26 115 10 .22 20 114 47 .19 20 116 24 18 59 111 54 .14 18 109 54 .12 9 110 45 134 59 102 41

9. 36

122 8

ENE 3 }>. 29.96 ENE 2 .k. .86 NE 8 b. .88 NE 3 k. .88 var. 1 (). .89 NE 4

121

.94

.97

30.02

100 100 10

Peiyang, str.,..

.22 16

Activ, str.,..

Ask, str.,

•

ENE 2 .81 NNW 2 .82

var.

Jenny, sch......

6 20

134 52

Torrisdale, bk.,

3 59

124 33

.89

Salazie, str....

..50 22

October 18th.

120 17 30.01 N

Progress, str.,

.29 21

122 32

Lyderhorn, str.,

.29 15

Toonan, str.,

124 5 122 15

.02 W

.00 N

Taiyuan, str.,

.29

125 ... 29.97

Ancona, str., Chi Yuen, str.,

Lyecmoon, str.,

.27 20 122 24 30.01

...26 23 120 81 29.94 NNE 2

.27 23 121 20

.98 NNE 8

NW 2

TO NO 20 30 4 09 10 4 2 CRNK

China, str............. Phra Chom Klao, str., Airlie, str.,..... Framnes, str., ... 17 39 Sungkiang, str.,......16 48 Prinz Heinrich, str.,.15 5 Emily Whitney, sh., 14 26 Picciola, str.,. Keong Wai, str., ...10 43 Propontis, str., .... .10 17 Repton, str.,

18 19

116 52 .21 30 113 25 21 29 109 5 .21 25 113 30 3 111 32 117 15

NE 5 .05 NE 5 c. .01 SW 2 .06 ENE 4 .00 NE 4 cm. E 3 29.96 ENE 3

.98 E 5

.91 NE

111 33

.95 E

119 19

.88 SE 4

13 56

112 49 134 3 109 53

.86 NE 4

108 10

k. .91 ESE 3 1. .92 NE 4 c.

NNE 4

...

107 19

.92 ENE 2 C.

6 29

Torrisdale, bk.,

4 0 1 2 4 3

Machew, str.,.....

Chittagong, str. 45 30

Peru, str., Taiyuan, str... Brindisi, str., Gaelic, str...... Chusan, str.,

107 24 5 0 124 5 2 31 104 48 October 21st. 167 37 39 35 151 25 .35 ... 139 .33 56 130 27 .32 1 133 29. .28 54 122 20

var. var. pq-

var. 2 k.

.02 NE 4 k. 29.99 .93 30.01

.83 NE 4 org. .88 NNE 4 C. .80

30.19

.03 N 2

vár. 2 b. NE

1 C.

SE 3 ogr

OCTOBER, 1895.

561

October 21st.

October 23rd.

Vessel.

Lat.

Long.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Lat.

Long.

Bar.

North.

East.

Dir. For. ther.

North.

East.

ins.

0-12

ins.

Kwanglee, str.,

.25° 33'

120° 2′

30.00

NE 3 c.

Framnes, str.,.

8° 20′

104° 56′

Choysang, str.,

.24 20

118 48

29.99

NE 3

Torrisdale, bk.,

4 54

124 23

Wind.

Dir. For. ther.

29.85 var. 2 01•

.89 W/N 1 cp.

Wea-

0-12

Riojun Maru, str., ...22 36

120 15

30.00

SW 1

Verona, str.,

4 43

106 23

.90 N 1

cp.

Mirzapore, str.,

.22 27

115 8

.00

NE 4 0.

Letimbro, str.,

3 57

105 17

.85 NNE 3

Progress, str.,

.22 20 114 52

ENE 5

...

Rio, str.,

3 38 105 32

.90

orq.

Lyderhorn, str.,

.22 19

115 43

.00

E 4

Airlie, str.,

.21 54

114 41

29.93

Ask, str.,......

.21 29

109 5

Prinz Heinrich, str.,.20 41

113 50

.93

Activ, str.,

.20 10

110 15

ENE 4 SE 1 E 3 .93 S 2 C.

Peru, str.,

October 24th. .45 6 169 35

29.21 NW 6

cp.

Chittagong, str.,

...40 29

153 46

City of Peking, str.,. 40

165 24

30.19 29.77

oq.

Osaka, bk.,..........

.39 21

121 3

Bombay, str.,

.18 36

113 34

.95 SSW 4

orq.

Toonan, str.,

.35 28

122 41

30 05 NIY 6

China, str.,

.17 53

111 4

.93

Marquis Becqueham, str.,32

125 33

NW 4

Emily Whitney, sh...16

132 50

NE 4

Kriemhild, str., ......28 50

125 4

.17 NNW 6

eq.

Phía Chon Klao, str., ...15

109 41

.93

var. 1

Gaelic, str.,

.28 13

123 56

.12 WNW 5

Framnes, str.,

14 25

110 21

.90

04.

Menmuir, str., ......27 58

122 57

14 NW 6

ep.

Keong Wai, str.,... ...13 29

109 43

.97. N

Propoutis, str.,

.12 13

109 20

.96 N

Cassius, str.,

.11 ...

108 46

.90 NNE 4

Picciola, str.,

10 33

107 50

.88 NE

Repton, str.,

Torrisdale, bk.,

Chittagong, str.,..

..44 2

Peru, str.,

41 48

8 54 109 6 5 14 124 47

October 22nd,

162 24 157 20

.83 NE

.88

* O * 60 10 O

Sagami Maru, str., .25 46

120 22

.10 NNE 6 ('.

Taisang, str.,

.25 1

119 10

.09 NNE 7 ('.

Brindisi, str.,

25 0

119 89

.10 NE 6

op.

Riojun Maru, str.....24 29

118 30

.10 NE 4

Emily Whitney, sh.,23 16 130 56

...

E 4

Hohenzollern, str.....23 8

117 25

.06 NE

Frejr, str.,

.22 57

120 3

29.98 NNE 4

30.09 S

Braemar, str.,

.21 32

113 34

30.01 N 4

or.

29.99 W 1

Activ, str.,..

.21 29

109 5

City of Peking, str.,.41 16

179 5

30.06 WSW 4

...

Propontis, str.,

.21 2

113 28

Salazie, str.,

.34 20

131 20

Menmuir, str.,.

.33 44

130

Kriemhild, str.,

.32 12

132 30

Brindisi, str.,

.31 17

126 34

29.97 E 1 .82 SE 2 .94 SW

2 ogr. .84 W

().

Cassius, str., .............

19 52

112 40

op.

Cromarty, str.,

19 48

112 38

Repton, str.,

.17 49

1B 27

.05 NNW ±

.04 NE 6 .00 NNE 6

.02 NNE 6

op.

29.95 NE 5 org.

3 op.

Jacob Christensen, str... 13 16

110 5

.88 ENE

Kwanglee, str.,

.....28 51

122 8

.93 NE

Framnes, str.,.......

10 49

102 2

.89 E 2

oq.

Peiyang, str.,

.28 41

121 56

.96 N

Kong Beng, str.,

...10 23

102 29

.86

var. 3

Chusan, str.,

.25 32

119 58

.99

oq.

Verona, str.,

8 19

108 59

.88 NE E 5

Frejr, str.,

.25 12

121 4

.92 E

Rio, str.,.....

7 7

107 29

.87

NE 5

Mirzapore, str.,

..25 0

119 38

.95 ENE 1

Letimbro, str.,

6 54 107 20

.85

NE 4

Or.

Riojun Maru, str., .22 36

120 15

.93 N 2

Bombay, str.,......... 6 38

Cromarty, str.,.........22 27

115 49

30.01

var. 1 k.

107 40 October 25th.

.89

E 4

Sagami Maru, str.,...22

114 35

29.92

Braemar, str.,

.22 22

115 49

.96

E 4 C. var. 1 k.

Choysaug, str.,

.22 21

114 46

.97

var. 1

Activ, str.,

.21 28

109 5

.94

SW 2 k.

Ask, str.....

.20 4

110 20

NE 2

Emily Whitney, sh.,.19 24

131 46

Keoug Wai, str.,.

17 6

110 58

Propontis, str.,

.15 23

Bombay, str.,

China, str.,

Cassius, str.,

Repton, str.,

110 32 .14 26 112 25 .13 50 109 48 13 47 110 0 .11 49 110 52

NE 4 k. .97 ESE 2

C. .94

N 1 .b. .92 ES 2

.86 S 1 k.

.91 NNE 1

.89 NE 4

Phía Chom Klao, str., ...]1

Phra Nang, str., ..........

10 55

108 58 102 0

var. 2

32 32 3

ť.

.91 var. 1 k.

John Baizley, bk.,...40 50 Osaka, bk....... .39 38 City of Peking, str., 39 6 Toonan, str.. .......37 34 Pingsney, str., ......34 45 Ravenna, str., ......34 42 Marquis Becqueham, str.,33 56 Sunda, str., ........31 43 Chi Yuen, str., ......28 44 Sagami Maru, str., .28 38 Taisang, str., ..27 31 Kriemhild, str., ...26 33 Hohenzollern, str.,...25 6 Menmuir, str.,

131 30

30.1 t

120 43

158 56 121 25 139 59 139 7 129 52 125 48 121 52

N 4 NNE 5 .11 SE 1 23 NE 2 29.85 WSW 3

om.

.86 WSW 5 0.

30.19 NNW 4

24 N 4

.28 NNW 3

('.

122 15

24 N 5

('.

120 53

20 NE 5

121 20

.25 NNE 4

120 35

.24 55

Framnes, str.,

10 44

Torrisdale, bk., ...

Peru, str.,

.38 55

108 26 5 19 123 51

October 23rd. .43 44 Chittagong, str., 42 14 City of Peking, str.,.40 39 Osaka, bk.,

163 42 29.97 var. 158 29 30.09

.84 NE 3 k. .89

Gaelic, str.,

.24 36

119 30 119 12

Riojun Maru, str.,...24 29

118 30

Emily Whitney, sh.,24 10

130 13

.14 NE .14 NE 6 .13 NE 6 .16 NE 5

NE 5 0.

cp.

Chusan, str.,

.24 0

17154

119 0

4 or. .05 var. 2

om. N

Brindisi, str.,

22 27

Cassius, str.,

22 3

Activ, str......

21 29

Salazie, str.,

.34 29

132 51 29.88

Repton, str.,

20 I

117 55 115 26 118 52 109 5 13 16

14 NE 3 k. .08 ENE 5 b. .12 NNE 5 C.

Toonan, str.,

.32 51

122 25 30.10

Menmuir, str.,..........

.31 1

Kriemhild, str., ......30 30

Mirzapore, str.,

.28 57

N 6 126 25 .00 NW .4 129 0 29.96 NNW 4 crq. 122 7 30.13 NE 5 C.

cp.

Brindisi, str.,

.28 12

Chingtu, str.,

.27 33

Sagami Maru, str., ...24

Riojun Maru, str., ...23 50

Taisang, str.,

.23 9

Activ, str.,

.21 29

Emily Whitney, sh.,.21 15

Ask, str..

Keong Wai, str.,.

Propontis, Str.,

Cassins, str.,

Repton, str..

Bombay, str..

China, str.,

123 17 .02 N/W 5 121 30 .11 NW 1 118 30 29.96 118 16 .95 NNE 7 116 48

.98

NE 6 109 5 .94 SW 131 46 .20 30 111 30 .20 18 112 51 18 47 111 59 17 16 111 9 .14 19 113 11 .10 44 110 9 .10 25 107 36

Verona, str.,

op.

Picciola, str.,

Letimbro, str.,

or.

Kong Beng, str., Memnon, str.,.........、

0. Ulysses, str.,

NE 4 EN .98 E .98 E .94 NE .89 NE .91

Torrisdale, bk., Bombay, str.,...........

Braemar, str.,.........................18 3 Cromarty, str., ..............16 32 Jacob Christensen, str... 16 5 110 46 Phra Nang, str.,

...12 34 109 31 12 17 111 18 10 58 108 30 8 54 109 27 8 26 105 10 7 49 118 58 106 26 124 17

111 0

110 44

.06 var. 2 C. .07 NE .00 NE 29.97 NE

4 55 4 3

9 org.

6 orq.

.94 ENE 9

.90 NNW 2 .94 NE 5 b. .88 ENE 4 C. .95 NW-NE 3-6 or. .90 NE 3 2 .93 NE .91 NNE 2

.91

3 24

Shantung, str.,

Kutsang, str.,

Malacca, str., ... ... ... ... ... ....

NE B

Iser, str.,

Phía Chom Ilao,str., 8 32 Phra Nang, str........ 8 24

105 40 104 38

88 E

.87 E

心

208

Bygdo, str.,

Nanchang, str., ......40 20

John Baizley, bk.,...38 55

105 26 2 22 120 11 1 40 104 41 1 17 103 50

October 26th. 42 7 131 53 40 34 122 0 121 87 129 52

.94

.86

.89

W 2 .94 WNW 3 op.

SE 2

10:09 10 11 O

3 8 3 2 2

or.

30.22 NW 2 .10 SW 3 .16 S 4 k. .26 ESE 5 orq.

ه مند شد

562

OCTOBER, 1895.

October 26th.

October 28th.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

Long. Par.

East.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For, ther.

ins.

0-12

ins.

092

Toonan, str.,

.38° 53'

117° 51′

City of Peking, str., Chittagong, str., Ravenna, str.,

.37 47

153 30

30.23 S 1 b. .01 WNW 4 0.

Pingsuey, str., ......34° 25′

134° 6′ 30.01

Var.

Chittagong, str.,

...34 12

137 22

XIV

.37 21 146 11

N 2

Bygdo, str.,

.33 53

122 50

.02

.34 40

135 12

.19 S 2

Hohenzollern, str.,...33 32

136 11

.01

Pingsuey, str.,..

34 16

135 1

.16 N

Nanchang, str.,

.32 59

122 58

.04

Argyll, str.,..........

137 45

.11 NE

Ravenna, str....

.32 24

126 26

.06

Sagami Maru, str., ...31

122 24

.21 ... 0

Victoria, str.,.....

.30 8

122 46

ENE

Taisang, str.,

.30

122 16

.21 NNE 2

Hohenzollern, str.,...27 29

125 30

.18 ENE 4

Emily Whitney, sh.,.25

128 58

NE 4

Frejr, str.,

.24 20

118 15

.13

NNE 4

Mascotte, str.,...

.23 50

117 55

1.16

NE 5

Kriemhild, str.,

.23 37

117 53

13 NNE 6

Lycemoon, str., ......29–53 Emily Whitney, sh., 27 19 Chingtu, str.,.............. .25 25 Sabine Rickmers, str.....24 35 Plira Nang, str., ....21 43 Mascotte, str.,

122 35

.01 NEE 3

129 37

119 58

.03

20 10 20 10 10 10 20 - 30.10

2 b.

().

oil.

118 47

.00 NE

•1

113 47

29.93 NE E 2

...20 11

110 41

30.00

ES 4 C.

Riojun Maru, str.,

.23 35

117 46

.12 NNE 4

Rio, str.,.....

19 35

112 40

29.93

NE 2 k.

Lycemoon, str.,

.23 31

117 22

.12 ENE 3

Benvenue, str.,

...19 28

113 11

.93 NE

Cosmopolit, str.,

.21 15

112 43

.08 ENE 5

Memnon, str.,

.18 8

116 36

.94 NE 5

Activ, str.,

.20 4

110 20

.05 ESE 4

Picciola, str.,...

17 9

113 40

.89 NNE

Jacob Christensen, str............... .18 10

111 41

29.99

Verona, str.,

.16 5

113 27

Zafiro, str.,

.16 ...

119 ...

Phra Nang, str.,.

15 39 110 26

.93

NE 5 .96 ENE 4 .95 NNE 2 E 1

Sishan, str.,

17 9

111 33

.92 var. 1

ep.

Ulysses, str.,

.16 19

113 31

.92 NE 5

Kong Beng, str.,.

.16 3

110 30

.93 NNE 3

Letimbro, str,

15 31

115 27

.90 NNE 4

Braemar, str.,

.13 50

109 40

.96

SW 2 k.

Kutsang, str.......

12 2

110 56

.93 N 3

Rio, str.,

.13 4

109 47

.97

N 2 k.

Malacca, str.,.

11 53

111 5

.98 NNE 4

Benvenue, str.,

12 57

109 57

Cromarty, str.,.

.12 50

110 14

Picciola, str.,

12 48

110 33

Memnon, str.,

.11 32

119 58

.92

Letimbro, str

.10 54

111 44

.95

Kong Beng, str.,..

10 14

107 52

.96 NNE 2 ̈ k. .97 var. 1 .92 NNE 4

E 1 NE 3 .95 ENE 2

Shantung, str.,

.11 40

121 19

.75 N 4 OP.

Cromarty, str.,

cp.

Namyong, str.,

Braemar, str.,................... Torrisdale, bk.,

Ulysses, str.,

8 28

109 9

.95 NNE 1

Toonan, str.,

5 35 107 10 5 34 106 50 5 15 106 40 5 7 130 16

October 29th. .38 38 117 3

SW'S 7 or.

30.00 N 29.89

.89

S 6 (). SW 6 od.

30.07

SE 2

Shantung, str.,

5 22

121 25

.85 NW I

Kutsang, str.,

5 10

107 0

.97

NE 1

Malacca, str.,

4 31 106 14

.99

var. 1

Torrisdale, bk.,

Toonan, str., Iser, str., John Baizley, bk., ...37 44 Bygdo, str.,............. .37 22 Nanchang, str., ..36 56 City of Peking, str.,.36 18

4 2 125 18

October 27th. .........38 38 117 3

.37 56

.89

var. 1

2 3 3 3

k. John Baizley, bk.,...36 38

130 36

12 SW

Michael Jebsen, str., 36 19 Shanghai, str., ......34 57 Victoria, str.,.........34 10 Chittagong, str., ...32 41

139 30

123 3

.03 S

.16 NE

12254 134 20

30.06

SW 2

Kwanglee, str.,

.31 22

121 40

29.94

131 28

.16. ESE 4

Bygdo, str.,

.30 10

122 58

129 18

.09 SE

Nanchang, str.,

.29

122 36

122 45

.14

SW 2

Emily Whitney, sh., 28

122 46

147 10

Chittagong, str.,.

..35 52

141 38

...

Taiyuan, str.,

Argyll, str.,...

.35 .34 35

139

135 9

.16 S 2 .12 var. 4 NNE 2 .01 E 4 og. .06 N 3

Meefoo, str.,

.27 41

Sabine Rickmers, str.,...26 55

128 121 2 120 45

.91 SSE 2 or. .96 ENE 4 or. ENE 5 or.

.95 N 3

or.

NONN∞∞

or.

.93 N 6

op.

Yuensang, str., .22 52 Chingtu, str.,.............. Kachidate Maru, str.,22

116 28

.93 ENE 3

.22 34

115 39

.90 N 1

Ravenna, str.,

.33 42

132 5

.08 NNW 3

Sunda, str.,

.33 26

129 25

W 2

Memnou, str.,.......................21 47 Ulysses, str.,

.20 54

Hohenzollern, str., ...30

130 27

.07

N 3

Picciola, str.,.......................20 24

Emily Whitney, sh.,.26 32

129 22

...

Lyeemoon, str., ......26 24

120 2

Frejr, str.,

..23 40

Mecfoo, str.,

22 59

117.45 116 36

Mascotte, str.,................ .22 3

114 12

...

Ask, str.,

.21 40

Activ, str.,

..20 45

113 20 111 24

...

Sishan, str.,...

.20 35

114 33

Jacob Christensen, str.....20 15

113 24

NE 4 .05 NNE 3 .08 NE 4 .03 NE 4.

ENE 3 ENE 3 .03 ENE 4 29.99 ENE 4 30.01

Brindisi, str.,

Letimbro, str.,

Malacca, str.,................

Kutsang, str.,............ Shantung, str., Sishan, str., ....

19 43 Kong Beng, str., ...19 21

18 18 .15 35 15 16

.14 34

13 29

Namyong, str.,

8 48

NE 5

•

Torrisdale, bk.,

Verona, str.,

.20 8

114 6

.03 NEE 2

Cromarty, str.,

Zafiro, str.,

19 32

Phra Nang, str.,

Rio, str.,

Benvenue, str.,

Picciola, str.,

Meanon, str.,

Letimbro, str.,.. Kong Beng, str..

Ulysses, str.,

Braemar, str.,

Cromarty, str.,....

9 16

Kutsang, str.,

8 34

Shantung, str.,

8 22.

Malacca, str.,

7 58

Torrisdale, bk.,

116 25 .18 37 111 46 .16 22 110 42 15 56 112 I 15 5 112 14 58 118 12 B8 14 113 58 12 56 109 36 12 35 111 18 9 26 108 26 109 9 109 10 121 49 109.9 127 18

.01 NE 5 29.98 NE/E 3 .99 NE 3 .97 NE 3 .94 NNE 4 .92 N 4 .95 NE 5 .96 NNW 3 .95 N 4 .94 NE 2 0. .96 SW 2

Bracmer, str.,.

Selkirk, sh.,

or.

Toonan, str.,

Namyong, str.,

Michael Jebsen, str., 39 2 121 3 Toonan, str.,

.38 38 117 3 John Baizley, bk., ...37 11 129 49 City of Peking, str., .35 13 140 50

.98 N/W 3 .81 var. 4 .98 WNW 2

.90 W 5 30.00 NE I

29.89 S/W 6-7

.88 NW 4 30.06 NNW 4

.03 var. 1 C.

3 3 8 8 8

3 0 105 25 October 28th.

...

John Baizley, bk.,...35 Pingsuey, str., .33 56 Michael Jebsen, str.,32 56 Chittagong, str., ...31 40 C. Taisang, str.,................ .31 17 Mecfoo, str., .... ..30 30 Emily Whitney, sh., 30 14 Sabine Rickmers, str.,...29 44 Kwanglee, str., ......27 23 Bygdo, str., .... ..26 50 Nanchang, str,......25 42 Kachidate Maru, str.,24 47 Tacoma, str., ................ .24 22 Choysang, str., ......23 20

115 16 114 56 113 52 113 17 112 42 112 1 115 35 113 6 112 59 119 30 109 25 108 10 6 21 133 21 2 43 105 15 1 32 104 42 1 7 119 57 October 30th. .38 38 117 3 0 129 12 129 55 122 48 131 46 121 47

.91 ENE 3

.92 ENE 2

.90 NE 2 .89 NE 4

.89 ESE 3 .90 NNE 2 .90 NNE 4 .89 N/E 4

.92 NNE 4 .74 NE 4 .89

.98 SSW 6

.88 W 6

.89 SW S 3

.94 SW 2

÷ 3 3 5 ¿ ± 8 8 8 8 3 8 8 ¦¦ 8 2 2

ს.

SW 5

29 92

var.

.90 NE 5

0110

.79 Ε 3 30.00 var. 2 0. 6 or. .05 NW 3 C.

or.

122 28

.00 NW/N 5

126 59

122 28 121 14 121 0 120 22 119 20

29.99 NW 5

30.02 N

29.98

.97

NE 4

.94

NE 4 C.

Letimbro, str.,

Activ, str.,................

}

Malacca, str.,.

.23 20 .21 36 21 35 .19 41

118 8 117 3 114 18 113 35 114 30

.91 NNE 2 .92 NE 2 0. .94 N 4 .89 NE 4

.93 N 3 c.

OCTOBER, 1895.

563

October 30th.

October 31st.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long.

Par.

Wind. Wca-

Vessel.

East.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

Long.

Bar.

East.

ins.

0-12

ins.

Kutsang, str.,

Keong Wai, str.,......18 50 112 2

19° 1'

113° 17′

29.90

.91

N 4 0. NE 3 C.

Shantung, str.,

17 18 118 44

.74

NE 4

ol.

Taisang, str........... .27° 2' Kachidate Maru, str.,26 56 Tacoma, str.,.......................25 48

121° 4′

122 49

Wea-

Dir. For. ther.

30.11 NNE 4 om.

.05 NE 5 C.

Wind.

0-12

120 13

.00 NNE 6

Brindisi, str.,

15 58 110 7

.83

N 3

Choysang, str.,

..25 33

119 38

29.96 ́ NE 6

og.

Namyong, str.,

11 55

109 18

.94

N 2

Bygdo, str.,

.24 20

118 30

.98 NE

or.

Sishan, str.,........

10 17

107 6

.86

SW 3

Kwanglee, str.,

..23 55

118 12

.98

NE 6 C.

Torrisdale, bk.,

8 40

134 1

.87

W 5

Yuensang, str.,

23 30

118 20

.96

NE 1

cq.

Rohilla, str.,

3 48

105 46

.84 NNE 1

Nanchang, str.,

.23 7

117 11

30.00

NE 6

Selkirk, sh.,.....

2 32

123 6

Chunshau, str.,

.20 38

114 22

29.86

og.

John R. Kelly, sh....

1 4

120 25

0 k.

Activ, str.......

..20 13

110 59

.91

NE 3 0.

October 31st.

Shantung, str., ......20 0

116 3

73 NE E 6

or.

Keong Wai, str.,....15

110 16

.82 NNW 4+

Toonan, str.,

.38

118 25

30.34

NE 8 osq.

Namyong, str.,

.14 48

110 25

.86 NW N 6

John Baizley, bk., ...34 City of Peking, str., .33 IS Pingsuey, str.,.....................31 48 Chittagong, str., ....80 5 Michael Jebsen, str., 29 29

126 50

18 NNW 4

Brindisi, str., • • • .

11 52

109 19

.79

0 C.

136 . 7

124 47

29.98 30.17

NW 4 NNE 3

Torrisdale, bk.,

.11

124 28

.87 WNW 2

Rohilla, str.,

7 33

108 13

.80 WSW 3

128 35 122 32

N 6 k.

Guthrie, str.,...

1 51

125 12

.68 NW 1

.14 ESE 4

or.

John R. Kelly, sh..... 1 45

121 38

NOVEMBER, 1895.

November 1st.

Toonan, str.,

.38° 0'

120° 57′

John Baizley, bk., ...34 49

124 46

30.28

NNE 6 NE N 5

Torrisdale, bk., China, str.,..........

......13° 56′

.13 11

November 2nd.

133° 1' 109 44

29.94

NE 5 k.

Sagami Maru, str.,...34 12

122 49

.29

NE 7

og.

Guthrie, str.,

8 51

121 51

.77 NNE 1 k. .88 WNW 3 orq.

Argyll, str.,...

.33 54

132 33

.16 var. 1

Keoug Wai, str.,

8 38

106 7

.86 WSW 4

Java, str.,

.32 2

126 27

Pingsuey, str.,

.31 14

121 30

City of Peking, str.,.31

130 50

Kachidate Maru, str.,29 21

126 37

Tacoma, str., ...

.29 7

122 19

Chittagong, str.,

Choysang, str.,

Peiyang, str.,

Michael Jebsen, str., 26

Taisang, str.,

.23 45

.28 32 125 13 .28 19 121 54 .28 11 121 53 120 41 117 44

Store Nordiske, str., .23 34

119 44

Bygdo, str.,...

22 20

Tailee, str.,

Ask, str., I.M.C.C. Likin,

Yuensang, str., Chunshan, str., Sungkiang, str.,

.18 6

115 15 .20 19 114 56 .20 20 111 15 .20 13 109 55 .19 12 118 58 110 54

.12 NEN 1 .18 NE 4 .19 var. 3 .08 NE 5 .10 NNE 3 or. .09 NE 5 0. .02 NNE 4 ogr. .10 NE 3 or. .00 NNE 7 orq. .14 NE 5 C. NNE 5 29.91 ENE 4 .88 NE/E 6 NE 6 .85 NNE 5 .86 E 5 .55 SE 7

Catherine Apcar, str.,

7 44

108 12

Brindisi, str.,

105 51

.89 WSW 2 .85

Selkirk, sh., .................... 2 5

126 33

John R. Kelly, sh.,... 1 47 Daniel Barnes, sh..... 1 20

125 0

John Baizley, bk.,...36 5 Taiyuan, str.,.

Java, str.,

.33 25

119 58 November 3rd.

123 44 134 129 33

cp. SW 3 C. WSW... orq.

W 2 k.

1 opq.

30.10 VRT. 5 kq.

29.73 WNW 3

og.

Shanghai, str.,

.32 15

124 57

.99 NNW 7 30.09 NW 5

Iser, str.,

..30 28

124 26

.07 NNW 6

City of Peking, str., 30

126 49

.02 NW 1

or.

Marquis Becqueham, str.,29

125 7

.09 NNW 6

Lyderhorn, str.,..............29 26

124 26

.14 NW 9

Ravenna, str.,

.28 35

122 23

.16 NNW 6

Malacca, str.,...

.23 37

117 48

.03 NNE 6

Zafiro, str.,..........

.23 32

118 22

cq. .01 NE 8 C.

....16 14

118 56

.79 WNW 3

Taisang, str.,

.22 21

114 44

.17 NW 7

Namyong, str.,

.16 6

110 51

.68

W 10

Ask, str.,

.22 20

113 30

N/W 7

Torrisdale, bk.,

.12 9

134 31

.89

cp.

Peiyang, str.,.........22 18

114 53

N 6

Rohilla, str.,

11 17

110 30

.76

SW 4

Michael Jebsen, str.,22

114 40

.04 NNW 7

Keong Wai, str.,.

.11 10

103 49

.79 SW 4

Sungkiang, str.,... .21 17

Brindisi, str.,

8 40

106 46

.84 W 4

I.M.C.C. Likin,..

.20 13

Guthrie, str.,

5 12

123 7

.83 WNW 3

Mongkut, str.,

....20 10

115 109 55 110 36

.04 N 5

.13 NNW 1

.08 N 4 C.

Catherine Apcar, str., 4

106 0

.93 var.

Namyong, str., 19 18

111 0

Selkirk, sh.,...........................

1 55

125 15

Rohilla, str.,

.18 34

John R. Kelly, sh.,... i 53

122 17

Daniel Barnes, sh.,... 0 2 118 58

Sagami Maru, str.....37 18 John Baizley, bk., ...35 40 Toonan, str.,

W SSE 2

1 orqtl.

Torrisdale, bk.,

China, str.,.....

November 2nd.

122 44 30.32 122 52

Tailee, str.......

..34 40

122 45

Shanghai, str.,............. ...34 1 Marquis Becqucham, str.,33 21 Iser, str.,

130 1

N 2 C. NNE 4 od. .29 N 3

og. 23 NNE 4

128 49

.23 NE 2

.32 42

127 35

.24 NW 5

Kachidate Maru, str., 32 23 Tacoma, str.,

129 50

14 NNE 5

or.

31 23

121 35

.29 NNW 8

od.

Lyderhorn, str., ......31 13

127 27

Choysang, str.,

...30 45

122 21

Chittagong, str., .26 15

Peiyang, str.,

.24 29

Malacca, str.,

Ask, str.,...................

1.M.C.C. Likin,

Michael Jebsen, str., 23 39

Mongkut, str.,................ .20 16 .20 13

.22 15

.21 20

Sungkiang, str.,

.19 4

Tailce, str.,

18 14

Namyong, str., 17 45

Yuensang, str.,

15 1

Rohilla, str.,

Chuushan, str.,

.18 N 6 .21 NE

7 ogr. 123 0

NE 9 118 48 .02 NNĚ 6 117 56 29.91 NNE 10 114 41 .99 N

4 0q. 112 20

NE 9 111 43 30.04 NNE 6

oq. 109 55

.08 N 8 oq. 116 48 29.71 NW 6 op. 111 12 .88 E 110 40

⚫ .90

N 119 58 .87 .SW .15 0 113 6 .....14 53 110 5

or.

...

Johu Baizley, bk.,...37 15

Java, str.,

Tacoma, str.,

5 orq.

.74

.71

var. 1

S 5 k.

oq.

Iser, str., Lyderhoru, str.,.....27 14 Marquis Becqucham, str.,26 48 City of Peking, str., 26, 38 Malacca, str.,...... .25 26 Ravenna, str.,.........24 29 Benvenue, str., .23 27 Namyong, str., ......21 4 Devawongse, str., ...20 25

Guthrie, str., Catherine Apcar,str.,10 52 Framnes, str.,.........10 42 Chunshan, str., 10 23 Phra Chon Klao, str.,.10 Keong Wai, str., 9 38 Selkirk, sh., John R. Kelly, sh.,. 2 30 Daniel Barnes, sh.,... 2 15 Brindisi, str., ••••••••• 1 16 104 7

November 4th.

124 42 134 12 126 2 121 55

15 49 .15 22 14 4 .12 45

113 31 131 32 110 18 110 22 120-48 110 19 102 10

.09 29.89

N NE 5

.95 NE 4

.94 NNE 8

.94 N 6 or.

.88 NW 4 k.

.92 NW 5 0.

.86 NE 3 0.

108 57

.88 var. 2 C.

४.

107 58

103 4

.93 N 2 .90 S

oq.

orq.

3 28

128 33

125 25

W 2

or.

121 33

W Ι

.92 WSW 3

.34 25

.32 30

30.29 WNW 6 08 WNW 4 .17 N 5

....27 27

.28 NNW 5

121 58

.36 NNW 8

121 26

.33 N 5

121 45 120 8 118 51

.30 NNW 5

0..

.19 NE 6

cq.

117 22

112 37

.22 NNE 4 .20 NNE 8

.17 NNW 6 k. k.

114 4

.16 NNE 5 0.

564

NOVEMBER, 1395.

November 4th.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

November 7th.

Long. Bar. East.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

ins.

0-12

ins.

0-12

I.M.C.C. Likin, Zafiro, str.,

.20° 5' 110°....'′ .19 41 119 0

30.27

.11

Chingtu, str., ....

18 36 116 36

.12

Phra Nang, str.,

.18 28

111 31

NNE 4 NE 6 NE 7 .15 NEN 3

oq.

John Baizley, bk.,...38° 41′ Sagami Maru, str.,...37 29 Marie Berg, bk., ...37 22 Tacoma, str.,.........34 40

121° 3′ 30.19

126 36

SW 4 .20 W 3

*c.

122 47

135 11

SW/W 5 .28 NE 2 m.

China, str.,

.17 13

110 36

.11 NE 7

Java, str.,

.33 47

135 10

.27 NNW 3

Torrisdale, bk., ......16 50

130 25

29.95

Guthrie, str., .... .16 0

118 25

Catherine Apear, str.,13 21

111 34

Phra Cho

Klao, Str.,

..11 45

109 32

Tailec, str.,

Framnes, str.,

Chunshan, str.,

Selkirk, sh.......

3 42

9 26 108 56 8 26 104 49 6 25 106 44 130 53

John R. Kelly, sh...... 3

126 33

Daniel Barnes, sb.,... 2 11

Marie Berg, bk.,..............39 32 119 36

John Baizley, bk., ...36 31

122 36

November 5th.

NE NNE 5 .98 NE 8 .94 N .98 N 6 .92 ENE 5 .95 SW 3

WSW. k.

SW 1 W 1

Ching Ping, str.,

...31 58

122 47

.40

Benvenue, str.,

.31 10

125 38

.32

NE 3

Pingsney, str.,

...29 48

122 34

.37 NE 3

on.

Sabine Rickmers, str.....29 19

122 35

.32

“ .

Hohenzollern, str.,...28 49

124 20

.29 NE 4

oq.

Taiyuan, str.,...

.28

122

.26 NE 6

Shanghai, str.,

.27 35

121 26

.23 NNE 4

...

Rohilla, str.,

.25 38

120 12

.20 NNE 7 0.

Verona, str.,

25 23

120 12

.19 N

7 opq.

Meefoo, str.,

.25. 5

119 36

.20 NNE 6

Gaelic, str.,

.24

118 17

.18

NE 4

Lyeemoon, str.,

.23 29

117 45

.16 NE

NNE 2

Bygdo, str.,

22 20

115 30

.14 N 2

123 39

30.39

NW 5

Mascotte, str.,

..21 51

113 31

.18 NNW 5

Taiyuan, str.,

.34 ...

130

Tacoma, str.,

.33 59

130 52

.27 NNW 5 .19 NNW 5

Torrisdale, bk.,

21 7

123 17

.02 NEN 9

op.

cq.

Hohenzollern, str., ...33 42

129 59

25 NW 5

Malacca, str.,

.28 29

122 2

.44 NNE 5

Cosmopolit, str., ...20 29 Ask, str.,

111 17

.12

NE 6

.20 15

110 30

NE 3

Benvenue, str.,

...25 20

119 52

.29 NNE 7

Iser, str.,

..24 43

119 20

.30 N 5

Lyderhorn, str., ......24 43

119 16

.36 NNE 8

I.M.C.C. Likin,......20 4 Catherine Apear, str.,19 11 Mongkut, str., ... 17 55 Phra Chom Flao, str...12 14

110 20

.16

NE 3

114 48

.08

NE 6

108 25

NE 3

('.

110 7

29.88

pq.

Marquis Becqueliam, str.,23 43 City of Peking, str.,.22

118 11

.34 NE 6

116 44

.33 NNW 4

Memnon, str.,

12 13

117 29

.94

- var.

org.

Kong Beng, str.,.22 14

Framnes, str.,.

11 47

109 13

.90 NNE 8

org.

114 25

ENE 4

Mascotte, str.,..

.20 37

107 33

30 NNE 6

Sishan, str.,

11 16

108 57

.93 N 6 or.

I.M.C.C. Likin,

..20 4

112 20

31 NNE 4

Machew, str.,................

9.57

107 27

30.01 N var. g.

Memnon, str.,

China, str.,

Torrisdale, bk.,

Guthrie, str.,

.18 5

.19 21 115 19 .18 9 111 5 .18 5 129 6 117 16

19 NNE 6

Devawongse, str.,

9 7

107 20

29.95 WNW 3 0.

Selkirk, sh.,

8 53

132 40

WNW 2

.18 NNE 8

29.95 30.16

Derawongse, str,,

.:17 11 110 35

.17

Zafiro, str.,

.15 36 119 54

.04

Chingtu, str.,

.15 24

119. 13

Phra Nang, str., ...14 32

109 49

Catherine Apcar, str., 14

113 35

Phra Chon Kiao. str., ...11

109 để

Framnes, str.,

9 30

107 4

Tailee, str.,

5 54

106 19

NE 4 C. NNE 9

oq. NE 6 0. NE 3 C. 29.97 NE 4

op. 30.19 NNE 5 k.

.03 N 9 019. NE 8 on. NNW 6 orq. .00 NE 4

Phra Nang, str....

8 31

104 32

Chingtu, str.,

7 10

121 52

.92 NE 3 .90

S 2

John R. Kelly, sh.,.

5 57

134 24

S 6 0.

Agamemnon, str.,

3 8

Daniel Barnes, sh.,

2 34

105 28 125 33

.94 NNW

NW 1

November 8th.

John Baizley, bk.....40 Marie Berg, bk., ...35 51 Java, str.,

121 59 123 34

29.99 SW

...35 16

189 44

Benvcune, str.,

.33 46

130 -1

or.

Selkirk, sh.,................

5 5

182 53

John R. Kelly, sh.,... 4

4. 128 8

WSW S

Tacoma, str.,

33 39

136 31

... WSW 2 C. 30.12 N 2 k. .19 NNE I k. .14 NE 4

Rohilla, str.,

.29 13

122 25

.10

var. 2

().

Chunshan, str.,

2 22 104 53 29.96 W

Ching Ping, str., ...28 40 Verona, str.,

122 12

.14

..28 7

123 34

.03

E/N 3

Daniel Barnes, sh.,... 1 52 123 53

NW 2

Nanyang, str., ......27 40

121 29

.09 NW

09.

:ལྔ

November 6th.

Malacca, str.,

Taiyuan, str., Benvenue, str., Meefoo, str., Lycemoon, str., Rohilla, str., Verona, str., Lyderhorn, str., Iser, str., Ask, str....

Sagami Marn, str.,...37 38 John Baizley, bk., ...37 · 6 Ching Ping, str.,..............35 24 Tacoma, str.,

130 56 Hohenzollern, str., ..82 15 129 4 31 16 121 49 .31

125 .28 16 121 45 .28 12 121 58 .27 15 121 12 .23 37 117 34 .28 19 117 30 .22 34 116 0 .22 30 115 49

122 20

123 22

30.34 SW 2

44 WSW 2

Pingsuey, str., ......26 8 Sabine Rickmers, str., 26 Hohenzollern, str.,...25 13

119 39

122 47

.52 WSW 2

Gaelic, str.

.24 45

.33 58

Activ, str.,

Guthrie, str.,

Torrisdale, bk.,

15 51

Framnes, str.,

Phra Nang, str.,

Machew, str.,

Selkirk, sh.,..

.31 SE 3 .39 NW 3 .50 N 1 .42 NW 4 C. .39 NNE 6 .43 NNW 5 .40_NEN 6 .27 NE 5 .29 NNE 5 b. .29 NNE 9 .27 NNE 5 N 5 N 5 NNE 8 orq. NEN 9 k. I.M.C.C. Likiu, ..............20 4

NE 3 Catherine Apear, str., 15 58

.03 NE 8 Memnon, str.,

.04 NE 7 Devawongse, str., ...12 55 109 33 .02 NNE 5 Phra Chom Khao, st., ...}1 50 110 B

01 NNE 7 11 21 108 58 29.89 N 7 .10 22 108 4 .91 N 2

8 33 104 29 30.03 NNE var. 8 21

132 53

2 John R. Kelly, sb.,... 4 2 132 2 Daniel Barnes, sh.,... 2 25 124 33 John R. Kelly, sh.,... 1 18 104 20 29.96

Bygdo, str.,

Taiyuan, str..

.24 10 .24

Torrisdale, bk.,

I.M.C.C. Likin,.

Kutsang, str.,................

Choysang, str., .....

...་་་

Mongkut, str., ....

.18 21 .13 27

Pure Chom Khao str...]2 50

Framnes, str.,

12 39

120 21 119 54 119

118 30 118 22 0 119 56 .20 4 110 20 .19 14 112 6 121 59 109 30 110 0 109 27

.05 NE 2 .07- N .04 ENE 3

().

.03 NEN 2

.03 NE 3

Machew, str.,................ 12 38 Sishan, str.,

109 28

12 10

.21 50 113 10 .20 50 111 30 20 34 115.17 .20 5 126 38 29.98 110 20 30.27 115 15

Phra Nang, str., ...11 16

Selkirk, sl., ........10 0 John R. Kelly, sh... 9 19 Memnon, str...............

9 6

117

109 22 101 55 132 59 134 24 1

.04 NW 4 29.96 NE 5 30.05 NNE 2 .13 NE E 4 .14

W. 1 NW 6 29.94 NNW 7

.89 NW 9 ory.

7 .97 N

oq. .90 NNW 6 0. .95 NW/N 2

k. .87 NW J ENE 8

نه

...

09.

og.

pq.

.87 SSW 7 crq.

Agamemnon, str.,

116 12

cq.

Devawongse, str., Macduff, str., ... ... ... ... .... Zweeua, str.,

...

pq.

Wingsang, str.,

107 17 5 11 105 27 4 23 106 33 3 47 105 50 3 15 105 36

...

.96

NW W

.91 NNW 3

.88 WNW 4

30.00 NW 3

2 ¿ ¿ 2 3

Daniel Barnes, sh.,

•

ૐ 0 127 20

November 9th.

var.

SIY 5 NW ?3 W 4

or.

•

.0.

Sagami Maru, str.,.. 35 48 Tacoma, str.,

35 25 Marie Berg, bk., ...35 12 Ancona, str., .........35 Kachidate Maru, str.,30 43

125 45 30.05 139 39 .03

123 24

S 4

SIT 2 (. NE 3

1 k.

139 39

.04

N 2 k.

127 27

.10

SE 2 cfl.

NOVEMBER, 1895.

565

November 9th.

November 11th.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

Long. Bar. East.

Wind. Dir. For. ther.

Wea-

ins.

0-12

ins.

C-12

Verona, str.,

Gaelic, str.,...

.30° 16′ 127° 35′ .28 8 123 45

30.08

.08

Bygdo, str.,...

.26 30

120 40

ESE 2 NE N 4 .06 NNE 4

op.

or.

Ching Ping, str.,........ .25

120 10

.06 NEN 4

or.

Bygdo, str.,

.32° 31′ 122° 42′ 30.22

123 Victoria, str.,.........31 58

4 Marie Berg, bk., ........30 41 123 31 Guthrie, str.,

NE 4 k.

E 4

NE 3

.28 16

121 15

.26 NNE 6

Choysang, str.,

.24 57

119 29

.07 NNE 4

og.

Taisang, str.,

26 2

149 55

.20 NNE 6

Nanyang, str.,

.24 8

118 32

.01 NNE 4

Shanghai, str.,..

.24 5

118 11

29.98 ENE 4

Guthrie, str.,

.23 24

117 22

ENE 5

•

Torrisdale, bk.,

Hohenzollern, str.,

Hongkong, str.,

.22 21 116 31 ..22 21 114 54 .20 35 111 20

.93

NE 6

cp.

NE 3

NE 4

Kong Beng, str.................20

I.M.C.C. Likin,

.20

Kutsang, str.,

15 5

5 115 20 4 110 20 110 13

.99

NE 5

30.01

.02

Machew, str.,

.14 20

110 12

29.97

NE 1 N 5 N 8

Sishan, str.,.............

14 6

110 1

.89 NW/N 6

Phra Chom Klao, str., ...13 59

110 11

Framnes, str.,

Selkirk, sh.........

Mongkut, str.,..

9 25

13 57 109 48 11 43 133 32 107 51

.83 NW 5 .88 NNW 8 .62

W 12 crq.

pq.

Kachidate Maru, str., 25 42 Sungkiang, str........23 53 Pingsney, str., .23 28 Lyderhorn, str.,......23 Ask, str., I.M.C.C. Likin,.... .20 4 Machew, str.,.........18 27 Michael Jebsen, str.,18 19 Sishan, str., Phra Chom Klao,str., 17 23 Framnes, str.,............. .12 53 Agamemnon, str., ...12 48 Kong Beng, str., ...12 34 Zweena, str.,

120 32

.15 NE 5

117 43

.07 NE 6

117 41

.08 NE 6

116 45

.06 NE 6

.22 0

113 40

.CO NE 3

110 20

.00 ENE 3

111 17

.01 NE N 8

116 43

29.85 NEE 9

.17 35

110 12

110 22

109 23

.90 NW

113 14

111 2

12 22

110 14

John R. Kelly, sh.,...

9 21

135 35

N 1 C. W 10

Macduff, str.,.........

.12 16

111 45

John R. Kelly, sh., .12. 12

186 31

Agamemnon, str.,

8 33

109 13

Memnon, str.,

7 51

116 44

.89 .85 SW 5 orq.

0 k.

Selkirk, sh.,

11 40

134 17

.92 NNE 7

.89 NE 6

.70 WNW 97

.80 NW 5 0. NW 8

.77 NNW 5

...

SW 8

.77 SW W 97

pq-

or.

Wingsang, str., ......11 24

.11 24

112 10

.83 WSW 5 0.

Macduff, str.,

7 34

108 25

.87 NNW 4

oq.

Holstein, 'str.,.........

10 54

108 20

.96 E 2 k.

Zweena, str.,

7 6

107 49

.88 NW 4

Pakling, str.,

.10 32

112 15

.82 WNW 5 cq.

Wingsang, str.,

6 4

108 5

W 3 C.

Polyphemus, str.,... 9 50

110 3

30.02 WSW 4

Pakling, str.,

4 21

106 20

.90 NNW 4

Loosok, str.,

8 57

106 20

29.97

NE 2

Polyphemus, str.,

3 32

105 30

N 2 q.

Glenogle, str.,

8 5

108 24

.97

W 2

Daniel Barnes, sh.,... 2 30

129 40

SW S 6

Albingia, str.,

6 33

108 20

30.05

St. Frances, sh.,

0 13

119 24

Var. 5 k.

St. Frances, sh.,...... 2 37

121 32

November 10th.

Orient, bk........

Hainau, str., Brunhilde, str., Victoria, str.,

.39.39 121 8 30.27

S/W 3

.38 49 131 24

.17

NE 4

Tacoma, str.,

Ancona, str.,

Oanfa, str.,

.37 54 121 55 .35 51 122 18 .35 25 139 39 .34 21 · 135 3 .33 25 135 52

SE 2

NE 3

.00

var. 2

.10 N 1 k.

.04 WSW 4

Marie Berg, bk.................33

123 58

ENE 1

Sagami Maru, str.,

.33 36

128 33

.17 NNW 4

Gaelic, str.,

.31 41

128

.19 NE

Bygdo, str.,...

.29 20

122 10

.18 N 2

S 2 2 S S 2 E 2 S S 2

Brodick Castle, sh.,. 1 54 Daniel Barnes, sh.,... 1 48 Mongkut, str.,

164 15

NW 2 or.

133 31

Tacoma, str., Osaka, bk...

Orient, bk...

1 27 104 40 November 12th. .39 25 149 20 .38 26 121 22 .37 5 122 48

.02 SSW 3 crq.

30.25 NNW 4

NNE 2

.32 NNW 3

Bygdo, str.,

..36 11

122 27

.30 N

Veroua, str.,

..34 40

135 11

.11

Gaelic, str.,

.33 43

132 14

.13

Kachidate Maru, str.,28 10

124 1

.18

NE 4 f.

Nanchang, str., ......25 33

119 38

.05

NE 6

Guthrie, str.,

....25 28

120 5

NE 6

Taisang, str.,

.24 1

117 58

NE 6

Ching Ping, str.,..............23

117 2

.08

Sungkiang, str.,

..22 31

114 50

.05

Nanyang, str.,.............. .22 13

114 18

.05 NE 3

Activ, str.,

21 40

113 35

.03 NE

Ask, str.,...

.20 20

...

I.M.C.C. Likin, .20 4 Michael Jebsen, str., 19 54 Machew, str., ..16 31

110 28

Kong Beng, str.,........ .16 26

113 37

Sishan, str.,.

.15 53

Phra Cham Khao, str., ..lẽ 25

110 17 110 37

Framnes, str.,

13 40

Selkirk, sh........

11 37

Agamemnon, str., ...10 45

Kutsang, str.,

Macduff, str.,

Zweena, str.,

Loosok, str.,..

109-40 134 1 111 5 10 24 109 3 .10 5 110 3 9 54 109 30 9 49 102 54

John R. Kelly, sh.,... 9 40 136 30

111 10 110 20 .02 115 27 29.93 NE

.95 N .88 NE 5 .85 N/W 6 or. .85 N 6 pq. .86 NNW 10 orq. .57 sw/w 10-11. .87 WNW gale .97

W 4 C. .85 W 2 NW 4 .97 NE 3 WSW 9

Brunhilde, str., ... Benvenue, str., ......32 Taisang, str., .........28 57 Marie Berg, bk.,....28 32. Nanchang, str., ...26 44 Lyderhorn, str.,..............24 20 Kachidate Maru, str.,23 5 Machew, str.,.........20′ 11 I.M.C.C. Likin,................20 Sishan, str., ........... 18 49 Phra Chom Klao, str,...18 31

.32 12

122 51

126 47

.20

【EWN

Η 1

122 6 122 25 120 14

.15

.20 NE 5 NNE 6 NE 6

3 3 3 3 3 SALAA

118 37 117 12 112 33

.08 NE 6

.06 NE 5 .01 NE 9

110 20

111

111 12

Michael Jebsen, str.,18 20

117 19

29.86

John R. Kelly, sh.,.15

136 9

orq.

Agamemnon, str., ...13 43

114 2

Zweena, str., ....... Selkirk, sh., Holstein, str.,.... Framnes, str. Pakling, str.,

13 30

111 9

13 13

133 17

13 10

...

Macduff, str.,

13 5 13 5 13 4

Wingsang, str., ......12

Polyphemus, str., ...12

Loosok, str.,

11 33

Glenogle, str.,

Albingia, str.,

Wingsang, str.,

Pakling, str.,

8 50 110 3

.95 SW 2 C.

Kong Beng, str.,

Polyphemus, str.,

Glenogle, str.,...

...................

7 33 109 11

6 53 107 47 30.04 4 22 106 10

St. Frances, sh., ..... 1 54 120 28 Daniel Barnes, sh.,... 1 40 132 53

Orient, bk., Tacoma, str., Brunhilde, str., Hainan, str, Verona, str.,. Gaelic, str.,

November 11th. ..38 46 120 57 .36 47 144 5 35 12 122 40 34 22 130 50 .33 50 132 15 .32 44 129 50

30.16 SE E 5 .18 NE 3

...

.99 NW

N 2

SW 2

NO N N N N

Devawongse, str.,

.10 43 9 7 8 11 3 54

Erato, str.,

3 43

109 35 169 36 113 19 111 29 113 29 111 52 109 10 110 35 110 47 109 12 104 15 105 46 Brodick Castle, sh.,. 3 14 164 44

NW 2 St. Frances, sh.,...... 2 54 121 40

var. 1 Kutsang, str............. 2 49 105 18 30.02 NW/W 2 Daniel Barnes, sh.,. 1 25 133 59

N 2 November 13th.

.04 NNE 2 29.97 NEN 6 30.02 NE 6 pq.

NE E 10-11 q.

og.

,55 WNW 8-9 oq.

NW 8?orq.

.87 NW 4

.99 NW 6 .90 NW 8. .76? W .81?NNW 9

8 ory.

.80 W/N 6

NW 6 q.

8 4 3 3 3

ory.

29.97 NE 1 k.

...

.86 NNW 30.02 NW 3 b.

.00 var.

2 29.94

var. NW 2

88 CRAS 2 8 8 3

var.

op.

Tacoma, str.,

.42 6 154 12 30.08

SE 5

S 3

Bygdo, str.,

37 50

121 10

.46

.27 NE .20 NE 3 .18 NNE 3

Osaka, bk.,.............

..35 45

Sagami Maru, str., .35

5 Verona, str., ** ...34 40

123 19 129 7 135 11

NNW 6

10 NW 4 .00 N

3 3 3 2

2 b.

566

November 13th.

NOVEMBER, 1895.

November 14th.

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long. East.

Bar.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

Vessel.

Lat. Long. Bar. North. East.

Wind. Wea-

ins.

0-12

ins.

Gaelic, str., Oanfa, str.,

Ancona, str.,

Sunda, str.,

.34° 40′ 135° 11′ 34 25 134 20 .33 53 131 12 .30 32 122 28

29.98 NNW 2

.92 WNW 4 C.

30.05

NW 3 k.

N 5 b.

ذرة

Loosok, str.,

.14° 20′

110° 27′

Devawongse, str.,...11 37

101 23

Dir. For. ther.

29.80 NNW 7 opq.

.95 N 5 k.

0-12

Erato, str.,

8 45

109 43

NNE 6

Jenny, sch.,

8 27

135 34

NW 4

Brunhilde, str., ......29 10

122 31

Benvenue, str., ......28 54

123 13

.35

Nanchang, str., ......28 23 121 46

.23

Marie Berg, bk.................26

120 10

Lyderhorn, str., ......25 36

120 O'

NNW 7 k. N 7 0. N 6 NNW 7 .21 NE 6

Arratoon Apcar, str., 6 26

107 52

.92

NE 1 k.

Brodick Castle, sh.,. 5 30

162 52

orq.

St. Frances, sh.,...... 3 26

122 12

Daniel Barnes, sh.,. 3 17 Pectan, str.,

136 27

NW 4 var.

WNW 3 opq.

Peiyang, str.,

.22 54

116 32

.20 NE 6

2 41

November 15th.

101 20

30.00 SW 3 C.

Ask, str.,....

..21 40

113 20

.11 NNE 5

cp.

Sungkiang, str., ..............20 53

118 48

.09 NE 6

Tacoma, str., .........43 47 Sagami Maru, str., .39 0

160 46 28.55 SW/S 12

127 34

30.15 NW 4

Sishan, str.,.

.20 12

112.18

.05 NE 9

Gaelic, str.,

.35 25

139 38

.22 NW/N 2

I.M.C.C. Likin, ......20 4 Phra Chom Klao, str.,....19 27 Shantung, str., ......19 30 Shanghai, str.,................... 19 8 Michael Jebsen, str., 17 45? John R. Kelly, sh.,...16 53 Zafiro, str.,

110 20

.12 NNE 6

Nanchang, str.,

..34 45

122 45

.30 W 3

112 10

.04

NE 6

pq.

Hainan, str.,

.32 37

126

.42 NW 3

112 15

.08

NE 6

Osaka, bk........

.32 0

124 2

SSW 1

112 21

.03

NE 6

Taisang, str.,.......

31 21

121 38

.33 SSW 4

118 10? 29.93

NE 10

Ancona, str.,

..30 44

126 56

.41

135 27

NE 8

Orient, bk.,

Yuensang, str.,

16 25 16 24

118 0

NE 6

Lyderhorn, str.,

118 47

.89 ENE 4

Zweena, str.,

......

.15 12

112 20

W/N 9?

***

Agamemnon, str., ...15 10

114 27

Selkirk, sh....

.15 2

134 2

Holstein, str.,

.14 56

110 6

Pakling, str.,

..14 55

113 32

Macduff, str., ..... .14- 40 Framnes, str., .........14 20 Polyphemus, str., ...14 16 Wingsang, str., ......13 47

110 42

.58 NE 4 NW 5 .98 NNW 8 .71 NW 6 .91 NNW10

...

Peiyang, str.,. Meefoo, str., Brunhilde, str.,

4. oq.

Benvenue, str.,

Sunda, str.,.............

.22 39

.30 35 123 53 ..29 53 123 52 .26 49 120 18 .25 46 119 42 ..23 49 118 13 ..22 48 116 19 115 47

.36 SSE 1 .46 ENE 1 .34 NEN 5 .31 N 6

...

N 3

...

.27

NE 4

NE 3

in.

110 3

112 36

.94 NNW10 orq. .89 NW 7

Yuensang, str., ...............21 50 China, str.,.............. .21 24 Ask, str.,

113 51

.23 NE 5

113 28

.23 NE 6

.21 10

109 5

.26 NNE 3

I.M.C.C. Likin,.. .20 13

114 25

.71 W/S_6

od.

Loosok, str.,

Glenogle, str.,.

.....

Albingia, str.,

Jenny, sch.,...

Devawongse, str., 7 51

Erato, str.,

Brodick Castle, sh., . 4 33 Kong Beng, str........ 4 23 Arratoon Apear, str.,. 3 31 St. Frances, sh.,

Daniel Barnes, sh.,... 1 50 135 22

...

6 25

.13 21 110 20 .12 55 112 2 .11 33 112 44 8 41 136 37 103 10 107 54

.97 NNW 6 .88 WNW .93 NW/W 5

å å 50

...

.96

164 22

106 21

N 4 k. var. 1 k. NNE 2 NEN 4 30.00 SSW 2

Wingsang, str., ......19 27 ......19 27 Pakling, str.,.... 18 59 Catherine Apcar, str., 18 56 Agamemnon, str.....18 53 John R. Kelly, sh.,.18 Polyphemus, str., ...18 23 Pingsuey, str., ......18 17 Glenogle, str.,

110 114 53 114 27

.18 NNE 8

.14 ENE 6

NNE 7

111 42

.10 ENE 6

or.

114 16

.10 ENE 8? q.

132 30 114 30 118 22

...

NE 6 .08 ENE 6 or.

•

.09

NE 6

18 13

113 58

.04 ENE

Zweena, str.,

.17 59

3 22

105 45 121 43

var. 1

var. 1 var.

Holstein, str.,...

17 49

114 2 110 39

...

ESE 7?

29.96? E? 7?

...

Albingia, str., ......17 38

113 2

30.08

E 8 oq;

WSW 4 opq.

Michael Jebsen, str.,17 26

118 54

.08

November 14th.

Selkirk, sh.,

.16 12

132 2

.02

Tacoma, str.,

.44

Sagami Maru, str.,...37

Verona, str.......

Gaelic, str.,

159 18 130 6 34 46 139 17 34 38 139 5

Hainan, str.,

Osaka, bk.,

34 4 130 20 32 36 124

29.74 SE 7 0. 30.17 NW 6 C. 29.67 NW 4

.74 NW 9 30.31

Framnes, str.,

13 20

109 49

29.93

W 4

Loosok, str., Macduff, str.,.............

12 53

110 19

.97

W 3.

12 29

109 31

.91 var.

Shantung, str.,

11 23

...

NW 3 N/W 3

Erato, str.,.

11 7

109 23 111 27

30.00 SSW 4

E 2 k.

Shanghai, str.,

8 59

108 55

29.94

SSW 3

Orient, bk., ... Nanchang, str.,

.31 37 124 9

Lyderhorn, str., ......27 37. Brunhilde, str.,

.40 N 2

Arratoon Apcar, str.,

8 45

109 35

.98

Sunda, str.,

Benvenue, str.,

Meefoo, str.,

..31 4 122 9 121 37 .26 13 120 37 .25 49 120 21 ..25 33 120 12 .24 28 118 33 .24 24 118 32

.40 NNW 5 .50 NE 4

Jenny, sch.,

134 59

NW 3

...

Brodick Castle, sh.,.

6 41

162 47

.21 26 113 30

..20 50 .20 35 4

.20

Albingia, str.,

Peiyang, str..

Phra Chom Klao, str., .....21 35 112 27

Sishan, str.,.............

Namyong, str., Pingsucy, str., I.M.C.C. Likin,

Zafiro, str.,

..20

110 20

116 ... Yuensang str., ......19 25 115 46 Michael Jebsen, str., 18 21 118 30? John R. Kelly, sh.,...17 42 134 7

NE 8 org. 115 51 29.99 ENE 8 Wingsang, str., ......16 49

ep. Agamemnon, str., ...16 48 115 12 30.00 ENE 8? q. Pakling, str.,

.16 43 113 52

NE 8 org. Sungkiang, str., ..............16 35 118 38 29.99 ENE 7 Zweena, str.,

..16 30 113 40

ESE 9 Holstein, str.,

..16 6 110 28 .84 N 10 orq Selkirk, sh.,

.16 4 132 43 30.02_NE/N_8 Macduff, str.,

29.91 N/E 11 0. Glenogle, str.,

.78 SE/E ... 0. Shantang, str.,

NEE 6 orq Framnes, str.,

.83 NNW10 orq. .92 SE 5 q. .83 SES 4 f.

15 56 110 22 15 33 113 8 .15 27 110 17 15 11 110 24 Polyphemus, str., ...15 6 114 15

..14 32 112 53 ·

NE NEN 5 .47 NE 6 od. .27 NNE 7 .34 NEN 6

Daniel Barnes, sh.,

4 53

137 44

NE 4 0.

WNW 2

•

St. Frances, sh.,

4 8

122 40

NW 4 var.

...

Tailee, str.,......

2 24

106 40 30.01

NE 4 orq.

Pectan, str.,

1 16

103 51 29.99 NNE 2

November 16th.

114 38 115 45

.27 NE 5 .18 NE E 9 .15 NE 7 .16 NE 8 .18 NNE 8

oq.

Tacoma, str., ...................

43 40

161 8 29.28 NNW 10

or.

Sagami Maru, str.,...39

128 31

30.15 WSW 4

Nanchang, str., ......37 56 Gaelic, str.,

121 10

.16 WSW 2

35 25

.12 ENE 10

Oanfa, str........ .32 41 Malacca, str.,

139 38 127 8

.33 NNE I

bm.

.33 W/S 3

32 10

126 27

.37 S 2

.08

.03

NE 9 09. NE 11

Lyderhorn, str., ......32 0

127 41

.34 ENE 1

...

Osaka, bk..........................

Hainan, str., Orient, bk.,.............

Meefoo, str.,

Taisang, str.,.

or.

Ancona, str., ....

...

31 16 122 40 .29 47 123 9 .29 40 122 48 .28 41 121 57 27 37 121 26 .27 25 122 32 Sabine Rickmers, str.....22 34 116 0 Glenogle, str., ......21 52 114 7 Zweena, str.,

21 11 I.M.C.C. Likin,......20 13 110 4 Albingia, str., ......20 13 113 36 Holstein, str.,

.20 10 111 30 John R. Kelly, sh.,.19 46 129 34 Amy Turner, bk,,...18 23 178 6 China, str.,........... .17 59 110 52

SE 1

...

.30 SSW 3 .27 S 3 .26 NNW 2 k. .29 NNE 4 C. .27 E 4 k. .22

NE 5

113 56

.18 ENE ... C.

NE 5 k.

•

.12 NNE 6

od.

...

.14 EN 5 .08 NE 6 org.

NE 5 orq.

NE 6 k.

29.99 ES 5 0.

NOVEMBER, 1895.

567

November 16th

Vessel.

Lat. North.

Long.

Bar.

Wind. Wea-

Vessel.

East.

Dir. For. ther.

Lat. North.

November 18th.

Long. Bar. East.

Wind. Wea- Dir. For. ther.

ins.

U-12

ius.

0-12

k, str.,

~rk, sh......................

es, str., .....

17° 51′

130° 34′

30.02

NE 6 q.

Tacoma, str.,

44° 33′

173° 54′

29.99 NNW 5

16 25 111 34

.04

ESE 3

Gaelic, str.,

.40 48

.15 18

108 47

.02

var. 2

Java, str.,

..34 40

151 14 135 11

ne Apcar, str., 14

109 40

29.98

.14 34

112 50

y, str., inyong, str., ......14 27

.14 34

120 58

SSE 4 NEN 2 30.05 ESE 2 b.

Osaka, bk.,.

.28 53 122 35

Orient, bk...

..27 19

121 14

30.07 NW 5

.28 NE 1 0. NNE 6 k. .26 N 8? 0.

Choysang, str., ..............25 20

119 52

18 NNE 6

109 5

.03 SSE 4

Hainan, str.,

......

.23 32

117 47

.21 N

Michael Jebsen, str., 14 12 Arratoon Apcar, str.,.11 29 Shantung str.,-. 9 19

119 52

.02

ES 5 k.

Mirzapore, str., .23 15

117 24

.21 N 5

111 51

.00

Erato, str.,...

.21 57

113 52

NE 6

107 23

.04 var. 1

Selkirk, sh.,

.21 46

121 45

.07 NNE 6

Brodick Castle, sh., . 7 45 Daniel Barnes, sh.,... 6 3 Shanghai, str........... 4 49 St. Frances, sh.,

161 39

138 2

4 45

Kong Beng, str.,..

3 36

Tailee, str.,

Pectan, str., •

Tacoma, str.,

Sagami Maru, str.,...42 56

106 3 122 54 104 11 3 20 109 7 1 28 104 82

November 17th.

.43 57 167 17 131 57

NE 4 C. WNW 2 29.95 NE 2 WNW 4 30.04 NE 3 29.99 N 2 30.02 NE 3

John R. Kelly, sh.,.21 38

120 52

5 k.

...

cp. k.

or.

Gaelic, str.,..

.37 46

145 13

Java, str.,

34 36

139 2

29.58 NW/W 8 30.11 NNW 3 .17 W 2 .24 W 5 k.

eq.

I.M.C.C. Likin,......20 13 110 4 Osaka, bk.,............18 5 Arratoon Apear, str., 17 32 Zafiro, str.,. Frammes, str...........16 37 Kong Beng, str., ...11 29 Macduff, str.,...... 11 24 Brodick Castle, sh.,:11 23 China, str.,.................. ..10 20 Tailee, str.,...............

.IS

170 8

...

NE 6

113 18

.05

NE 6

.16 49

118

.08

NE 5

108 38

.07 E 4 ()).

101 28

109 9

29.93

158 33

107 24

.94

8 14

106 23

or.

Daniel Barnes, sh.,.

7 45

137 14

.03 NE 3 k.

NNE 4 epq.

E 6 k.

NE 2 k. .96 NE 4 C.

WSW 1

Pectan, str.,

7 19

108 2

Oanfa, str.,

.31 5

122 16

.28 SSW 3

Glenfarg, str.,

6 44

107 50

Osaka, bk.,

.30 59

123 44

Namyong, str.,

6 7

Orient bk.,

..29 17

122.31

.23

St. Frances, sh.,

6 6

106 30 123 2

.99 NE 5 0. 30.00 NE/N 5 cm. 29.99 NE 3 k.

NNE 4 var.

Mirzapore, str., ......26 50

121 6

.25 NE 4

Catherine Apear, str.,

Hainan, str.,

.26 28

120 45

.25 N 3 m.

Azamor, str.,

Taisang, str.,

.24 18

118 34

.17 NNE 4

5 29 107 9 4 0 106 14 November 19th.

.99

Ancona, str., Choysang, str., ......22 23 John R. Kelly, sh.....21 36 I.M.C.C. Likin, ......20 13 Holstein, str., .........19 54 Selkirk, sh.,..

.24 6

118 25

.17 NW 4

Tacoma, str.,

117 10

.15 NNE 2

Gaelic, str.,

.43 35

158 10

127 8

NE 6

...

Choysang, str.,

..27 58

121 21

46 25 179 38 29.55 30.08

.30 NNE 5

NE 2 k. NE 3 k.

S 5 01. NW 6 cq.

Zafiro, str.,

Loosok, str.,

Erato, str.,

110 4 112 6 .19 49 126 28 .19 40 116 ... .19 34 112 39 .18 14 113 12

.15

NE 5

Osaka, bk...................

25 49

119 48

•

.16 E 6 .02 NNE 6 .18 NNE 5 .08 ENE 4

Sabine Rickmers, str.,...22 46

116 18

.20

NNE 8

NE 6 b.

....

John R. Kelly, sb., .22

118 25

Selkirk, sh.,

117 52

NE 8 NNE 6

Amy Turner, bk., ...18 13

174 20

...

Arratoon Apcar, str.,, 14

113 36

NE 6 NE 6 .00 NEN 4

Activ, str.......... .21 35 Arratoon Apear, str., 21 Ask, str.,

.20 35

113 30 113 40 111 25

.21 ENE 3

.18

NE 6

I.M.C.C. Likin,......20 13 110 4

China, str.,

.13 54

109 34

29.99 SEE 3

Framnes, str.,.

Brodick Castle, sh., 9 53

160 39

NE 4

Osaka, bk.,....

18 29 18 15

110 30 166 10

15 NNE 6

Namyong, str.,

9 45

108 54

.99

NE 4

Macduff, str.,................

14 41

110 20

Catherine Apcar, str., Kong Beng, str........ 7 31 Daniel Barnes, sh.,... 6 5 St. Frances, sh.,..... 5 54 Tailee, str.,

9 15

109 0

.90

E 2

Brodick Castle, sh.,.13 42

155 38

.23. NE 1 k.

.23 E 4 C.

S 4 oq. .05?NE'N 4 k.

ENE 6 orq.

2322

103 0 30.04

NE 3

Tailee, str.,.

11 50

118 38

29.96 NE 4 k.

138 2

W/S 2 k.

Pectan, str.,

9 32

109 42

30.01 NE 6

•

123 34

WNW 4 var.

Glenfarg, str.,

9 25

109 41

5 9

113 12 29.86

E 3

Daniel Barnes, sh.,

7 56

137 2

.01 NEN 7

WNW 2

Pectan, str.,....

4 35

106 9, 30.00

NE 4

Azamor, str.,

6 50

108 0

29.95 NE 4 k.

Glenfarg, str.,.

3 25

105 42

.01 NNE 3

St. Frances, sh.,...... 5 54

122 23

NE 4 var.

Shantung, str.,

3 16

105 2

29.99

E 2

Catherine Apear, str., 2 39

104 48

Azamor, str.,

1 19 104 21

.98

1 k.

Namyong, str.,

2 18

104 58

.97 NE 3 k.

HONGKONG.

569

No. 96.

EPORT OF THE PÓ LEUNG KUK SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor.

R.G.O. No. 109.

REGISTRAR GENERAL'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 13th August, 1896.

SIR,I have the honour to forward for Your Excellency's information the report of the Society for the Protection of Women and Girls (Pó Léung Kuk) for the year ending the 31st December last together with the accounts and a statement of the assets and liabilities of the Society accompanied by a declaration of the truth of it made before a Justice of the Peace by two members of the Permanent Board.

I regret that there has been a delay in forwarding these accounts owing to the illness of Mr. YUNG KUNG-PO, one of the Treasurers of the Society, which I am sorry to state has terminated fatally.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

His Excellency

SIR WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary and Registrar General:

Report of the Pó Leung Kuk Society for the year ending 1895.

The following ten gentlemen were elected to act as the Managing Committee for the year :----

IP OI-SHÁN.

Ho CHEUK-TING. FUNG SHU-T'ONG.

CH'AN TSOK-PING.

CH'AN LAN-HIN. MA FAT-TING. LAI How-TSAU. YUNG SHIU-PÓ. TONG LAI-TSÜN. NG TAU-SHÁN.

Messrs. LEUNG PUI-CHI and YUNG KUNG-PÓ consented to continue to serve as treasurers and were re-appointed accordingly.

Attached is a statement of the assets and liabilities of the Society and a declaration of the truth of it by Messrs. LEUNG PUI-CHI and WAI LONG-SHAN, and two statements shewing the revenue and expenditure during the year. The balance to the credit of the fund was $28,133.40. Of this sum, $28,000 are on fixed deposit.

Messrs. TANG WING-SING and TAM LUI-T'SUNG have once more kindly audited the accounts.

570

A return is also attached showing briefly the results of the work done during the year. Twelve meetings of the Permanent Board were held during the year.

Arrangements were entered into with the Tung Wa Hospital regarding the ground on which was desired to erect the buildings for a Home and part of which was occupied by the Kwong Temple and by the hospital dispensary. The temple was pulled down and rebuilt on a portion of former site and on a piece of ground purchased from the Government for a sum of $1,585.50. dispensary has been enlarged and two storeys have been added to it to be used by the Pó Léung The thanks of the Society are due to Mr. Ló CHI-T'IN, the Chairman of the Tung Wa Hospital, the other Directors for their co-operation. The services of Mr. DENISON were engaged to draw up plaus for the new buildings, their internal arrangements being placed more immediately under the supervision of the elected Committee, the members of which devoted a great deal of time and trouble to the work. Work was commenced on the temple in September and up to the end of the year $2,000 had been expended on it. The new buildings of the Pó Léung Kuk were commenced in November, and it is hoped that it will be possible to enter into them during the current year.

At a meeting held on the 29th August it was resolved to engage a matron to be in charge of the inmates. Mrs. VICTOR was engaged on probation for one month, and at the end of that time her engagement was confirmed. She keeps her charges in good order and has given satisfaction.

During the year Mr. COUGHTRIE was appointed a Visiting Justice in place of Mr. TIIURBURN, and when Mr. COUGHITRIE left the Colony, Captain ANDERSON was appointed in his place. Mr WEI AYUK was also appointed a Visiting Justice, and he, Mr. Ho Fook and Captain ANDERSON visited the premises of the Society at regular intervals.

Before concluding, mention must be made of the Benevolent Societies at Canton, Macao, and other places without the hearty co-operation of which, it would be impossible to carry on effectively the work of the Society.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

President.

Ho KAI, M.L.C.,

Vice-President.

83 Stamp

We, LEUNG PUI-CHI and WAI LONG-SHAN, members of the Board of Direction of the Pó Léung Kuk Incorporated Society, do solemnly and sincerely declare that the attached statement of the assets and liabilities of the above Society on the 31st December, 1895, marked A and signed with our names on the 20th day of July, 1896, is a true statement, and we make this solemn declaration conscien- tiously believing the same to be true and by virtue of the provisions of "The Statutory Declarations Act, 1835."

LEUNG PUI-CHI.

WAI LONG-SHAN.

Declared by the declarants LEUNG PUI-CHг and WAI LONG-SHAN at Victoria, Hongkong, this 20th day of July one thousand eight hundred and ninety-six through the interpretation of SUNG SING of Hongkong, the said SUNG SING having been also first declared that he had truly, distinctly and audibly interpreted the contents of this document to the said declarants and that he would truly and faithfully interpret the declaration about to be administered unto them.

Before me,

A. SETH, J.P.

Statement of Assets and Liabilities of the Pó Léung Kuk Incorporated Society on the 31st December, 1895.

Assets.

:ed deposit with Hongkong and Shanghai

ink,

rent account with Hongkong and Shang- hai Bank..........

28,000.00

119.16

Total........

28,119.16

Liabilities.

Nil.

LEUNG PUI-CHI.

WAT LONG-SHAN,

571

20th July, 1896.

This is the Statement marked A referred to in the declaration of LEUNG PUI-CHI and Wai LONG-SHAN declared before me this 20th day of July, 1896.

PERMANENT COMMITTEE.

Statement of Capital Account from 1st January to 31st December, 1895.

A. SETH, J.P.

1895.

Receipts.

Expenditure.

April 23 Anonymous Donation, ...

10.00 Jan. 18 Paid to Working Committee,.

200.00

Nov. 13

Donation by Mr. HO NGOK-LAU,

Interest,

50.00 Feb. 5

100.00

393.33 Mar. 4

200.00

Balance of previous year,

30,215.83 April 18

200.00

May 31

200.00

July 6

200.00

Aug. 28

200.00

Sept. 25

200.00

Oct. 17

200.00

400.00

}

Nov. 20

Legal Expenses,

200.00

250.00

Balance in haud, .

...........

28,119.16

Total,...$ 30,669.16

Total,.........

30,669.16

572

Statement shewing particulars of expenditure by the Working Committee, from the 7th day of the 3rd Moon (1st April) to the 16th day of the 11th moon of the Ut Mi year (31st December, 1895).

1895.

Receipts.

Expenditure.

April 1

May 20

June 1

Balance handed over by the previous

Directors,

Mr. Ch'an Pan-po received from the

Treasurers of the Pó Léung Kuk,......

Refund of passage money for Anna-

mese girls by French Consul,

Mr. Ma Fat-ting received from the Permanent Board of Pó Léung Kuk,

By Wages of the Clerk Wong Chi-ngai, for 4

62.00-fol

200.00

5.50

な

Li Yik-tin, for 5 mouths,

Fung Cheuk-nam, for 3 months and 25 days,

Detective Leung Tsau, for 1

months,

Li Yik-tin, for 4 months,

80.

40 10

38.32.

month,

10.00

Kwong Kwong, for

9 months,

90.00

T'ong Kin, for 7

200.00

months,

112.00

Servant Cheung Lái, for 9

Mr. Fung Shü-tong do.

do.,

200.00

months,

27.00

Ching Shing, for 9

Aug, 28

Do.

do.

do.j

200.00

months,

18.00

Ho Tsán, for 9 months,

13.50

Sept. 19

Do.

do.

do.,

200.00

Leung In,

36.00

༷ས

Ch'an Tin,

15.00

Oct. 16

Mr. Tong Lái tsun

do.

do.,

200.00

Hung Tó, for 2 months

and 24 days,

11.40

Mr. Fung Shü-t'ong do.

do.,

400.00

Night-soil Woman Li Í, for 7

months and 13 days,

11.15

Nov. 20

Mr. Ma Fat-ting

do.

do.,

200.00

Woman Ch'an Kwan,

وو

for 1 months,.......

2.25

of a Portuguese Matron, for 3 months, 498 articles of Clothing,

60.00

338.70

Firewood,

18.37

Rice......

48.04

Oil,

18.63%

Kerosene Oil and Soap,

Stationery,

29.64

23.79,

Tea,

9.95

Lamps, &c.,....

Tobacco,

Cotton Coverlets,

5.14

4.43

12.95

Reut, 3 months,

120.00

Trunks for holding Clothes,

Repairs, (Labour and Materials),

Five insertions in the Chung Ngoi newspaper,

printing Minutes of Monthly Meeting, &c.

24.4170

48.00

1.50

Supply of newspaper for

one year, and

by the Tsun Wan Yat Po,

Clothes for male children,

Printing Accounts,

White-washing the Home,..

22.20

7.00

10.00

22.00

Advertisement and printing Minutes of Monthly Meeting by the Man Ü Tong,

Wa Tsz and Wai San newspaper offices,... Food for Clerks and Servants, for 8 months, Special meals for the destitute women and

3.00

76.40

children on festival days,

36.57

Passage for Destitutes,

148.34

Cost of a tablet presented by the Society to

the Kwong Tsai Hospital,..

50.90

Hire of Jinrickshas and Boats by Detectives,

28.22

Sundry Expenses, Disinfectants,

74.17

6.25

Total,..

Balauce in hand,......

..$ 1,853.26%

14.24

Total,....

..$ 1,867.50%

Total,.....$ 1,867.50%

Return showing the number of destitutes that have been dealt with through the Pó Léung Kuk between the 1st April and the 31st December, 1895.

Married, Adopted,.

Died,

.....

Sent home-Males,

-Females,

Destitutes still in charge of the Society, Women and Children,

...160

..155

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE ACTING CAPTAIN SUPERINTENDENT OF POLICE FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

105

No. 5

No. 46.

POLICE OFFICE, HONGKONG, 15th February, 1896.

SIR,-I have the honour to submit for the information of His Excellency the Governor the criminal statistics and the report on the Police Force for the year 1895.

2. The statistics show an increase as compared with the return of last year of 54.85 per cent. in the total of all cases reported to the Police. In the sub-division of these cases into serious and minor offences there appears an increase as compared with last year of 7.45 per cent. in the former, and of 74.99 in the latter category. The reason for this increase in serious crime is probably to be found in the fact that during at least three months of 1894 during the epidemic the town was largely depleted of its Chinese population in which doubtless many of the thieving class as well as their prey were absent. This idea is strengthened by a comparison of 1895 with 1893 which was a normal year as to population-this comparison shows an increase of only 1.54 per cent. in 1895 over 1893. The increase in minor offences is largely due to miscellaneous offences which may be classed as offences against sanitary arrangements, good order in streets, and kindred offences, while the enforcement of the Light and Pass Ordinance is responsible for 2,005 more cases than in 1894.

3. Three Murders came under notice of the Police in 1895:-

1. On the 14th February about 9 p.m. HAVILDAR UMRAZ KHAN, Hongkong Regiment, was shot near the camp and died the next morning. His supposed assailant Private NANAL SHAH was arrested on the statement of the wounded man, but no other evidence was obtainable and the man was discharged at the Police Court.

2. On the 18th February a quarrel took place in a boat lying off Bonham Strand between four Chinese boatmen. Two were wounded and sent to Hospital, one of these men SING SHEUNG LI died from the effects of his wounds on the 27th February.

3. JOHN GUNDERSON, seaman, belonging to the Geo. F. Manson, sailing ship, was reported missing from his vessel on the 6th October and was subsequently found murdered on Cowee Chau Island. Two boat people, a man and his wife (in whose boat GUNDERSON is said to have been), were arrested and charged with the murder but were discharged for want of evidence at the October Sessions.

HIGHWAY ROBBERIES.

1. On the 19th January a man was stopped, pepper thrown in his eyes by three men (one armed with a knife) on the Shaukiwan Road between Bay View and North Point and money stolen from him to the amount of $370.

2. On the 24th January a man was stopped on the Magazine Gap Road by three men one of whom was armed with a knife and who robbed him of clothing and money value $14.

3. On the 5th February a woman while crossing the Military Rifle Range was assaulted and robbed of ten silver dollars by two men.

4. On the 16th July a man was stopped on the Shaukiwan Road and robbed of five dollars by

two men.

5. On the 9th September a boy was thrown down by another on the Bonham Road and robbed of a bangle valued at $6.

6. On the 1st October two men stopped another on the Morrison Hill Road, threw tobacco dust on his face and robbed him of $20.

GANG ROBBERIES.

1. On the 18th November about 6.30 p.m., three men armed with revolvers entered No. 106, Praya West, overawed the shop people and stole a silver watch value $5.

2. On the 22nd November at 9.30 p.m., three men armed with revolvers entered No. 124, Wellington Street (raw opium shop) and similarly robbed the people stealing notes and silver value $900.

106

STREET ROBBERIES.

1. On the 30th December, 1894, a man was drugged and robbed of $20, by gamblers in Third Street. His report was considered doubtful as he had been gambling.

2. About midnight, the 3rd and 4th January, a man boarded a boat in Yaumati Harbour, seized a woman by the throat and stole from the boat some jewellery. Four men were concerned.

3. On the 3rd July two men threw pepper in the eyes of another in Queen's Road West and robbed him of a bundle of clothing value $2.

4. On the 12th July a man was robbed of his purse containing 35 cents by three men in Queen's Road Central.

5. On the 15th August a man was pushed down in Fat Hing Street by three men who robbed him of $7.25.

Two cases, included in the Returns as Felonies not already given, occurred in Manila and were sent here by the Consular Authorities to be tried.

Convicted.

4 Europeans. Attempted Murder, April Sessions, Ship Launburga. 1 European, Manslaughter, June Sessions, Ship Esther Roy. Value of Property reported stolen during the year $57,559. Recovered by the Police and restored to owners $12,049. Articles reported lost 132, valued at $2,752.

Articles found 63, valued at $736.

Articles claimed by owners 32.

3. The coal and cargo coolies struck on the 23rd March in consequence of the enforcement from the 1st January of the bye-laws for the licensing and registration of common lodging-houses under the Public Health Ordinance.

Every endeavour had been made by the Registrar General to explain the bye-laws, not only personally to the keepers of the houses but also by the circulation of 3,000 printed translations of the bye-laws.

On the 20th March, 27 of the principal lodging-house keepers were afforded another opportunity to conform to the bye-laws, by the Acting President of the Sanitary Board, who desired them to attend at his office. Not one attended and they were all summoned.

On the 22nd only one keeper answered to his summons at the Magistracy.

Warrants were issued for the other 26, search was made for them, but they had absconded.

The Police were strengthened and picquets patrolled the streets, as well as the harbour in pinnaces. On the 23rd on the arrival of the Macao steamer the only attempt at a disturbance took place. A number of stevedore coolies on strike endeavoured to interfere with the coolies who attended regularly to carry baggage and goods ashore.

The Police had no difficulty in dispersing the crowd, and two men were arrested (by Chinese Constables), convicted and fined $15 each or six weeks hard labour.

By the evening 3,000 coolies were on strike,

On the 24th the whole of the coal coolies joined the strikers.

On the 25th fifty convicts coaled the S.S. Verona and 100 men of the Rifle Brigade discharged the S.S. Pekin.

The 200 Swatow coolies of the Kowloon Godown Company did not strike being protected by a guard of the Hongkong Regiment who guarded the wharves till the end of the strike.

There was an arrest for intimidation this day, the 25th, in Victoria, the prisoner being convicted and sentenced to three months hard labour.

The hands in the Quarry Bay Refinery struck work.

On the 25th and 26th several steamers went round to Aberdeen and discharged cargo there, the coolies being guarded by Police in launches afloat, and by patrols on the roads..

On the 26th the cargo boatmen endeavoured to strike, but on being warned by the Police that they could not leave the waters of the Colony without a clearance, and their securities being dealt with by the Registrar General, remained passive, though private individuals could only hire them. through the Police.

The hands at the Lee Yuen Refinery struck work.

On the 27th a depôt of cargo boats was formed by the Water Police, tosa ve time in hiring them. The coolies working at Aberdeen struck this day.

There were now 20,000 coolies on strike.

Six petty officers of the Navy were sworn in as special constables to do duty with the Water Police.

Men of the Hongkong Regiment were engaged discharging vessels.

On the 28th the Police hired 50 coolies for a local firm at $1 a day, but the firm subsequently declined to pay such large wages fearing to prejudice future rates.

This day the hands at Hung Hom Docks began to be restless, two strangers, doubtless emissaries from the strikers, were however arrested and sentenced to three months hard labour as rogues and vagabonds, and the Dock hands gave no more trouble.

107

The remaining hands at East Point Refinery struck.

It was ascertained this day that 160 of the head men at Kowloon City were affording support to the strikers, which was represented through H. B. M.'s Consul at Canton to the Viceroy with a view to dislodging them.

On the 29th the hands at the three Refineries returned to work. 250 coolies were supplied to a local firm at $1 a day.

On the 1st April the Police secured 350 coolies at $1 a day for various firms.

On the 2nd over 500 coolies were supplied to various firms.

On the 2nd the Brigadier in charge at Chinese Kowloon drove away the head coolies

On the 3rd the Police engaged 1,000 coolies at 75 cents a day for employers of labour.

At noon on the 4th the strike was at an end.

A picquet from the Rifle Brigade did duty at Quarry Bay, from the 26th March till the end of

the strike.

During the strike from the 25th March till 4th April inclusive 2,622 men of the Rifle Brigade, 1,860 men of the Hongkong Regiment, and 189 Officers and Non-commissioned Officers of both Regiments did duty guarding workmen and discharging ships.

562 convicts coaled and discharged vessels, and 632 blue jackets and marines rendered valuable services coaling.

The special constables (Petty Officers R. N.) performed their duties very satisfactorily, and conducted themselves in a most exemplary manner.

The Police of all ranks and nationalities displayed much energy, discretion and good temper, during the strike.

Inspectors STANTON and HENNESSY rendered most valuable services in hiring coolies and cargo boats respectively.

55 offenders were arrested during the strike, and punishments inflicted varying from 3 months hard labour to $1 or 7 days hard labour.

On the 28th March Police Sergeant McIVER was appointed as temporary Sanitary Inspector, and detailed for the special duty of collecting evidence for prosecuting the keepers of unregistered lodging- houses.

Between that date and 31st May, 454 houses were visited, on an average 4 times each.

The keepers of 115 houses registered, 66 did not contain sufficient occupants to come within the definition of a common lodging-house.

273 keepers were summoned for failing to register.

65 failed to appear, and warrants were issued.

32 were subsequently arrested.

33 closed their houses.

240 keepers were convicted, and fines aggregating $1,516.75 imposed..

47 keepers were recommended for banishment.

12 were banished, the remainder having found security for good behaviour were not banished.

LICENCES.

4. Jinricksha licences have been granted only to builders and repairers' shops, with a view to the climination of middle men or farmers of licences.

Licensees have been required to sign an undertaking that they will not charge their drawers more than 33 cents a day each in the summer, and 30 cents a day each in the winter months.

There are two drawers to each jinricksha. All licensed bearers of public chairs, and drawers of jinrickshas have been medically examined as to their fitness for their occupation; about 5% were rejected. Licensed marine store dealers have increased from 5 to 30; fines aggregating $1,000` having been imposed on the unlicensed store dealers.

DOGS.

1,580 dogs were licensed.

destroyed.

restored to their owners. ransomed..

VEHICLES..

Private vehicles licensed,

588 vehicles for trade were licensed.

private use livery

108

ARMS.

2,813 Export permits under Ordinance 8 of 1895 were taken out for the export of-

Revolvers,

...10,310 Double-Barrelled Guns,.........

Muskets,

Repeating Rifles,

Swords,.

Pistols,

Cartridges,

Iron Gun,....

Caps,

Lead Shots,...

1,836

3,960

Carbines, Fowling Pieces,

87 320

Bullets,

...... 6,185

Gunpowder,

..149,859 ..1,052 lbs.

...1,544,390

Blank Cartridges,

•

108,423 boxes

Fuses,

......255 pieces.

Dynamite,

.....1,115 tbs.

Iron Cannons,

...300 lbs. 7

MENDICANTS.

5. In addition to the 250 beggars sent up to the Police Court 477 have been summarily deported to Kowloon City and Canton as follows :-

RETURN showing NUMBER of MENDICANTS sent away by Police during 1895.

HOW OFTEN SENT AWAY.

CANTON. KOWLOON. MACAO.

FOOCHOW.

TOTAL NUMBER

SENT AWAY.

Once,

126

Twice, Thrice,

642

314

443

...

4 Times,

TOTAL,...........

132

342

477

PLAGUE.

6. The precautions adopted for the prevention of Plague have already been fully reported on elsewhere.

1 European Police Sergeant, 7 European Police Constables and 16 Chinese Constables were engaged on house to house visitation duty from the 1st to 31st May inclusive, 3 European Police Constables, and 12 Chinese Constables from 1st June to 15th June inclusive, 1 European Police Constable and 4 Chinese Constables from the 16th June to 31st July inclusive. On duty at the Tung Wah Hospital from the 1st May to the 17th July 3 Indian and 3 Chinese Constables.

From the 17th May to 31st July inclusive Inspector QUINCEY and a party of detectives nightly tracked the passengers from the River steamers to their lodgings, with a view of ascertaining if plague was being imported.

There were no complaints against the Police.

LIGHT AND PASS ORDINAnce.

7. The provisions of the Light and Pass Ordinance were enforced from the 23rd November (when notices were issued in the Chinese papers) till the end of the year. The regulation requiring the carrying of a light after 7 p.m. was also adhered to, the result being an almost abrupt termination of all descriptions of offences after night-fall.

Comparing the period between the 25th November, 1894, and the 21st December of the same year with the corresponding period of 1895 exclusive of Light and Pass offences there were 325 fewer cases in the Police Court in 1895.

During the same period there were 8 fewer burglaries reported, viz., 9 in 1894 and 1 in 1895, and 88 fewer cases of larceny.

During the period under review there were 1,450 arrests for breaches of the Light and Pass sections of the Ordinance, of whom 51 were women, amongst that number there being 38 blind singing girls, miserable creatures who belong to the lowest class of prostitutes.

Trade was safeguarded by arranging that head men with passes and lights should accompany their gangs of coal or cargo coolies to and from their lodging-houses.

A great deal of work was thrown on the Police Office as also on that of the Registrar General, the number of quarterly night passes rising rapidly to over 13,000; it has since risen to 15,000 and annual passes, I believe, to nearly 800.

109

STRENGTH OF THE FORCE.

8. The average strength of the Police Force during the year 1895 has been 558, its greatest strength, in February, 590, and its least in August 535. In December it was 541. Exclusive of men on leave, the European force has been on an average 6 men short, and the Indian contingent 40. In December the latter was 53 below strength and the Europeans 7; the total of all ranks being 541. To endeavour to some extent to supplement the Indians 30 temporary Chinese Constables were engaged, but the substitute has been a very feeble one.

Several Europeans were engaged locally, but save for the Water Police the practice is not fruitful

of success.

The men are not trained Constables (whereas the recruits from the United Kingdom are).

During their probationary period they are merely learners not available for street duty and frequently at the expiration of the three months they have found more suitable or remunerative employment. One result of the failure to recruit Indians has been that they have had no leave and it has been not unnaturally a source of considerable dissatisfaction, several good men having resigned. 10 Europeans from the Metropolitan Police Force arrived in March last and have given every satisfaction.

One man committed suicide by cutting his throat a fortnight after arrival.

In connection with the reduction of the Police Force, a table is attached hereto, showing the ratio of increase in certain towns in the United Kingdom, Singapore and Shanghai compiled from returns received last year, from which it will be seen that Hongkong is the only place that reduces its Police as the population increases, nor does the situation of the Colony, the mixed character of its population and Police Force appear to place it in any more favourable position for adopting such a course than the other places in the table below :-

STRENGTH.

INCREASE IN 20 YEARS.

TOWN.

RATIO OF POPULA-

TION PER

REMARKS.

1874

1894

Houses. Streets. Lamps:

Inhabit- CONST-

ants.

ABLE.

No. Miles.

No.

London,

9,958

15,216 314,724 839

...

Brighton,......

101

175

3,767 18 miles

765

Bristol,

357

393

9 acres

|1,991,894 378 23,402 662 39,026 563

Police rate 9d. in the £.

New St.

Dublin,

1,145

9,711

199

Edinburgh, ...

355

514

15,609 40 miles

.3,000

64,952

Glasgow,...

951

1,355

...

513

Guildford,

403

Lecds,

315

450

Liverpool, ....

1,097

1,694

29,136 160 miles 16,456 26

3,225

136,145

302

307 Forcé raised in ratio of 32 per 10,000. 526

County Police Force raised in ratio of

10 per 10,000,

8.976

28,440

311

Plymouth,

118

20,000

745

Portsmouth,

113

194

881

•

Force raised in ratio of 13 per 10,000.

Hongkong,

626

587

Shanghai,

139

485 16,588

Singapore,

514

920

2,262 | 38 miles

16 111 sts.

235

119,437 175 148,344 87,443

426 506 200

* In 1874 cost $10,428.04. In 1894

cost $34,313.29.

AMERICAN CITIES.

Comparative statement of Police Force of nine principal cities as shown by latest reports.

New York, Chicago,

Philadelphia,

Brooklyn,

St. Louis,..

Boston,

Baltimore,

San Francisco,

Cincinatti,

City.

.......

Number of Inhabitants to each Officer.

351

354

467

468

572

433

526

618

613

110

CONDUCT.

9. The conduct of the European Police has again been satisfactory, as has also been that of the Indian contingent.

Offences amongst the Chinese Police have been mainly the outcome of their inability to conform to discipline. The serious offence of being asleep on duty has decreased all round.

The number of reports made against European members of the Force was 48 against 74 last year. Of these 8 were for drunkenness as against 10 in the previous 12 months, 4 for disorderly conduct, assaults and fighting, and 3 for sitting down on duty, as against 3 and 3 respectively, 5 for neglect of duty and 5 for asleep on duty, as against 12 and 10 in the previous year.

Against men of the Indian contingent there were 162 reports as against 214 in 1894.

Of these 12 were for drunkenness, as against 18 in 1894, 11 for disorderly conduct, assault and fighting, as against 25, 15 for neglect of duty, as against 41, 22 for absence from duty, or beat and late for duty, as against 17, 33 for gossiping, sitting down and idling on duty, as against 39, 9 för asleep on duty, as against 15, and 7 for leaving beat before being relieved as against 5.

Amongst Chinese Constables there were 512 reports as against 397 in 1894.

It should be noted in this connection that the Chinese Force was increased throughout the year by 30 men, to make up for 40 deficiencies in the Indian contingent.

There was 1 case of drunkenness in the Chinese Force as against 2 in 1894, in other respects increases are noted, as 203 reports for absence from duty or beat, and late for duty, against 161, and 41 for leaving beat before being relieved, against 6 the previous year.

There was a decrease from 48 to 44 for asleep on duty.

1 Indian Constable was convicted before a Magistrate and fined $10 for neglect of duty.

1 Chinese Constable was fined $5 for using disrespectful language in Court, and one was fined $5 for being in possession of prepared opium.

HEALTH.

10. The health of the Force has been satisfactory. The admissions to Hospital were, compared with last year, as follows:-

Europeans Indians

Chinese

1894.

1895.

127

244

233

134

113

Attached is a return of fever cases sent to Hospital from each Station, Aberdeen Station appears to have improved.

SCHOOL.

11. I attach a report from Mr. ARTHUR on the work of the Police School during the year.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

Your obedient Servant,

WM. C. H. HASTINGS, Acting Captain Superintendent of Police.

]

}

TABLE A.

RETURN of SERIOUS and MINOR OFFENCES reported to have been committed during the Year 1895, with the Results of such Reports.

Robberies

with Violence

from

the Person.

Burglaries.

Larcenies in Dwelling

Houses.

Aut

Assaults

Felonies

not

Assaults

and

with Intent

Larcenies.

Disorderly

already

Gambling.

given.

Conduct.

to Rob.

Kidnapping & Protection of Women

and Children

Ordinance.

Unlawful

Possession.

Piracy.

Miscellaneous

Offences.

Euro-

peans

and

Ameri-

Indians.

Chinese.

Total.

cans.

1895.

January, .

February,

•

150 58

4 70

88 27 12 38 1

March,

April,

May,

June,

July,.

August,

187

23 2

17 11

4 104

130

2 13 45 1

··

→

204 84 21

3 1

95 28 21 110

51 7

મ

42 45

41..

27 27 4...

3 755

2 3 4

19 50 8 6 .. 677 70

89 798

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Drunkenness.

Nuisances.

No Pass or Light.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

No, of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

TOTAL

ALL

CASES.

40 47

388

453

28 52 32

320

377

566 108 597

114

41 46

61..

41 34 30

368

418

23332

166

106

7 1

2 87 103 30 13 34 1

38 37

ग

♡

197

178

197

2253

3132

138 | 31 20127 7

1 46 46

43 63 46

353

400

100

五

620

373

8883

1137

155 56 10 19 47

1 ..

44 41 5..

••

173 65

2 8107 127 32 12 31 2 12 11

9 49 56

81..

September,

October,

T ..

November,

December,..

200

1 | 149

201

41 12 68 4

3 38 40

3..

185

2 104

137 26 16 48

1 2 29 24 5..

160

3 88 113 19 16 76 2

2 12 30 29 10

23 75 46

27 151 18

27 189 27

54 151 38

30 137 38

18 80 33

452

551 598

199

480

489

3 4

862

27 11

865

རྒྱ། ཚོ

675 81

884 132

841

1996

1,125

702

759

f59

1,025

132 1,307

475 532

24 28

906

1,110

600

500 546

48 35..

1 801 113

1,057

171

1102

105

29 11 58..

28 28

3j..

TOTAL,

2 42

带备

155

181 111

14 15 22

34.16 14| 161 2

425

225

464 47 18 5 5

750

150

101

871

36 128 464

448 472

80 41:

ગ

3 3 714

758 75

1,399

31 116 1,413 418 460

119 27 ..

654 153 682 154

2,258

2 39

.. 12,126

937 242 78

35 311,240 1,503360171 | 670 | 75 | 43 | 42 | 36 |428|433| 70|

75 43 42 36 423

..378 1,223 2,196 5,400 5,068

551|387

47 | 43

19 || 9,195 1,313 | 9,625 | 1,879 13,375

Police Department, Hongkong, 15th February, 1896.

WM. C. H. HASTINGS.

Acting Captain Superintendent of Police.

111

112

377

་

388

888

453 36

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

| No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged,

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Animals, & Furi- ons Driving.

Contempt of Court and False Charge.

Cruelty to

Breach of Dangerous Goods and Arms Ordes.

Totals.

1 23 28

20 46

5 77 81

36 74 19 67 72

་

17 4

26 | 25 3

Cases reported.

No.

of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases

reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged.

Cases

reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged.

Cases

reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

Cases reported.

Breach of Spirits

and Opium Ordinances.

Breachi

Emigr.

Ord.

Mendicants.

TABLE B.

RETURN of MISCELLANEOUS OFFENCES reported to have been committed during the Year 1895, with the Results of such Reports.

Unlicensed

Street Hawking. Cries.

Desertion,

Refusal and Neglect of

Duty.

Rogues

and

Vagabonds, Suspicious Characters

& Vagrants.

Breach of

Public

Vehicles

Breach of

Merchant

Shipping

Ordinances.

Ordinance. Consolidation

Breach of Police, Gaol, Deportation

and

Prevention

of Crime

Ordinances.

Breach of Pawnbrokers, Markets, and

Weights and

Measures

Ordinances.

Intimidation, Extortion, Bribery and

Conspiracy.

Cutting

Trees

Earth.

Suicide.

Breach of

Registration Ordinance.

Spurious Coin.

Obtaining

Goods

or Money by False:

Pretences.

Damage to

Property.

Attempt to commit

No. of Persons discharged.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

Trespass.

1895.

च

12 20 41

2 2

January, ·········1

54 73 1128 132

2 8

February,.. 3)..] 3] 18] 22

March,..... 4 2 3 ༔།

11..

18❘ 27

4 36 39

22 23

92 90

April, ..............] 3 2 2 19|

120,123

··

38.. 20

11..] 21

1 17 24 ..

22 92

1 18 24..

100 124

15 20

]

22 23 ..

13 26

83 | 111

3 3

13 14 .. 21

May,..

6 8 2 46 46]

7|148| 147 |

3 3 3. 3

3..

12 12 1 31 36 2 13 21 ..

93 114

61110 2 G G

34 69

June, .......

2 ||240 | 239

July,

.. 272 268

81313.. 6

5 | 2 2.... 10 * 2

5 3 9 7 4

30 30 3 26 63 21 98 114 12

20 19 4

42 40 1

36 82 9133 141 14 1 1.

109 111

··

2 ]

August,.... 1.. 2

1..183 176.|

8 12 13..

13..

16 17 1

24 28 4 28 60 6 77 87 61.

72 75

September,.

191 | 198

144.

13 13 1

44 45. 3 24 48 4 95113 114 112 6 6

55 56

1 11.

1 1

October,....

13 20

1 125 119

5 7.. 3

71 19 19 3 36 55|17|108|123 |

་་་་་་ g

2 2

60 60 3 2 1

November,

14 15 .. |139126 13 77.. 18

19 18 1 18 33.. 130 141

•

67 67 3

December,.. 1. 1. 1 1

.. 138 128

1388

10 1012.. 8 11

4 2 | 37 52 3 16 33

8107 120

11 1.. 1

TOTAL,.. 21 13 15 202|238 | 12 | 1,835 1,806 616974..116 168

6146 160 20 | 349 | 389 | 31 | 284, 665 | 86 1,168 1,341 01 25 18 19 45

Jean, et

1583 600 11 17 9 8 1

Police Department, Hongkong, 15th February, 1896.

وع

こ

ون

14 13

1 25 28

14 13

2; 24 22

།

ને

26 31

1 22 22

भ

5 | 2)

212

1 12 11

2 | 2

1 8

D 94

جو

[2] 1

418 19

600

400 26

452

551.

7699

532 34

714

44. 4

516

ོ

464

472

460 119

3100 146 11 49 20 13‍44 37 419 712 232 231 (182 [22]21) 2,14|15| 1|50|36|13, 5,400 |5,968 551

WM. C. H. HASTINGS.

Acting Captain Superintendent of Police.

TABLE C.

COMPARATIVE RETURN of OFFENCES coming under the Notice of the POLICE, during the Years 1893, 1894, and 1895.

SERIOUS.

NUMBER OF PERSONS.

NUMBER OF CASES.

DESCRIPTION.

Convicted,

Discharged.

1893. 1894.1895. 1893. 1894. 1895. | 1893. 1894. 1895.

MINOR.

NUMBER OF PERSONS.

NUMBER OF CASES.

DESCRIPTION.

Convicted.

Discharged.

1893. 1894. | 1895. | 1893. | 1894. 1895. 1893. 1894. 1895.

1,057 1,007 | 1,240 | 1,313 |1,151 | 1,503

319 218

4,328 3,806

192 302

219 250 171 1,031 843 676 109 5,400|4,749 | 4,161 | 5,968 378

360

333 428 551

510 538

57 191

1,223 No analysis of Convictions & Discharges. 2,196

Murder,

Robbery with Violence from the Person,

Burglary or Larceny from Dwelling,

Assault with Intent to Rob,.

9842

Kidnapping and Protection of Women & Children, 72

Piracy,

Unlawful Possession,

Larcenies,..

Felonies not already given,

****

Assault,

Gambling,

Miscellaneous,

Drunkenness,

48 43 72

23 42

36 Nuisance,...

No Pass or Light,

...

327 278 428 299 2,156 2,1032,126 964 78 67 75 27 39

272 433 878 937 188 166 35 18 27

242

Total,..

2,725 2,575 2,767 |1,391 1,224 |1,478

316 274

393

Total,

1895.-Total number of cases 13,375 being an increase of 4,738 cases or 54.85 per cent. over 1894. Increase of Serious Crimes 192 cases or 7.45 per cent. Increase of Minor Offences 4,546 cases or 74.99 per cent.

Police Department, Hongkong, 15th February, 1896.

6,463 6,062 10,608 7,0956,1558,147 661 768 986

WM. C. H. HASTINGS,

Acting Captain Superintendent of Police.

113

1.-RETURN of SERIOUS OFFENCES reported to the POLICE, during the 10 Years ending 1895, showing the Number of Prisoners Arrested, Convicted and Discharged.

Murder.

Robbery with Violence

from

the Person.

Burglary

and

Larceny in

Assault with

Intent to Rob.

Kidnapping and protection of Women and

Dwelling House.

Children.

Piracy.

Unlawful Possession.

Larceny.

YEAR.

Felonies

not already given.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged,

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted;

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No. arrested.

114

1886,

1887,

1 1 31 23 3

2 2 64 33 15 48

1888,

2 2

10 12 45 19 13

68 32 6 38

5 1

6 78

55 118 10

1 10 11

291

287

352 1,898

898

278 1,176 84

...

90 54 72 126 8 18 14 32 327

263

120

383 1,985

815

280 1,095 76 50 68 118

18 2 20 4 3

هر

91 37 96133 12

4 4 254

208

...

307 1,878 776

284 1,060 74 53

1889,

4 4 66

24 35

...

1890,

1 1

2 42 91 13

22 80

888

98 37 22 59 1

79 116 116

4 1 2 3

313

252

26 11 37 7

3 43 13

54 67

14 344 282

123

...

351 2,236 991

405|| 2,537 1,067

314 1,305 98 65

28 33 129

40110

17100

63 128

371 1,438 42

28 40,

Total,..

3 18 21 248 108 79 187382 124 49 173 16 12

315377 | 204 356 560 36

64 1,529 1,292

5061,798 10,534 4,547 1,527 6,074 374 250 246 496

1891,

18 10 3

13 52

3 9

...

1892,

4 49 38 10

48 83 21

29 3 5

1893,

19 6 3 9 66

1894,

་

4 41

5 20

6❘ 13

282

GYO

48 23

1895,

3 81 30 12 42

43 42

...

•

2 2 2 2 2

71 52 56 108 4

6 500

478

46127

►

...

411

375

102

72 34 106

35000

...

327

299

361

...

278

272

317

...

428

433

70 503

550 2,300 1,109

477|| 2,304 1,179

2,156 964

878

2,103

2,126 937

262 1,371

298 1,477

188 1,152 78

166 1,044 67

242 1,179 75

48 29 44

44 29 24

33333

27 18 45

39 27 66

35 28 63

Total,..

4 9 13 126 58 19

77 323 77 28 105 10 13

6 19 320 | 270 | 206 | 476 | 4

3 3

6 1,944 1,857 3612,208 10,989 5,067 1,156 6,223 312 159 | 141 | 300

2.2 │0,6 3,6 4,2 49.6 21,6 15,8 37.4 76.4 24.8 9.8 34.6|3.2 |2.4 |0.6 |3.0 75.4 40.8 71.2 112,0| 7.2|4.0 |8.8 |12.8||305,8258.4 101,2 359.6 2106.8909.4 305.4 1214.8 74.8 50.0 49.2 99.2 3.2 0.8 1.8 2.6 25.2 11.6 3.8 15.4 64.6 15.4 5.6 21.0 2.0 2.6 1.2 3.8 64.0 54.0 41.2 95.2 0.8 0.6 0.6 1.2 388.8 371.4 70.2 441.6 2197.8 1013.4 231.2 1244.6 62.4 31.8 28.2 | 60.0

Average of 1st period,..

Average of 2nd period,.

1891,

1892,

1893,

1894,

1895,

1886,

1887,

1888,

1889,

1890,

YEAR.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons

convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

2.-RETURN of MINOR OFFENCES reported to the POLICE, during the 10 Years ending 1895, showing Number of Prisoners Arrested, Convicted and Discharged.

ASSAULT.

GAMBLING.

MISCELLANEOUS.

DRUNKEN-

NESS.

NO LIGHT

NUISANCES.

OR PASS.

Total No.

arrested.

Cases

reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Total No.

arrested.

Cases

reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

1,031

1,486

225 1,711

248

762

793

3,735

4,209

416

4,625

373

470

479

1,101

1,425

335 1,760

766

211

977 3,941

4,119

668

4,787

231

340

192

958

1,187

329

1,516

489

556 3,905 4,096

709

4,805

229

399

125

1,212

1,484

470 1,954

140

191

2,807

2,905

610 3,515

165

252

1,032

1,055

500 1,555

3,952

3,890

703

4,593

150

111

Total,..

5,334 6,637

1,859 8,496

507

2,219

370

2,589

18,340

19,219 3,106 22,325

1,148

1,572

909

1,335 1,723

247

1,970

523

1,623

1,688

5,656

5,974

361

6,335

133

140

1,111 1,492

255

1,747

595

1,720

141

1,861

4,341

5,038

333

5,366

221

399

1,057 1,315

219

1,534

319

1,031

109

1,140

4,328 4,749

333

5,082

192

510

1,007 1,151

250

1,401

218

843

933

3,806 4,161

428

4,589

302

538

191

1,240

1,503

360

1,863

171

676

751

5,400

5,968

551

6,519

378

1,223

2,196

Total,.

5,750 7,184

· 1,331

8,515

1,826

5,893

480

6,373

23,531 25,885 2,006 27,891

1,226

2,810

2,612

Average of 1st period,

1066.8 1327.4

371.8

1699.2

101.4 443.8

74.0

517.8

3668.0 3843.8

621.2 4465.0

229.6

314.4

181.8

Average of 2nd period,

1150.0

1436.8 266.2

1703.0

365.2

1178.6

96.0

1274.6 4706.2 5177.0 401.2 5578.2

245.2

562.0

522.4

115

116

3.-CASES REPORTED TO POLICE.

SERIOUS OFFENCES.

In 1886,

2,500 cases.

In 1891,

1887,

2,577

1892,

1888,

2,436

وو

1893,

1889,

2,893

1894,

1890,

3,100

1895,

13,506 cases.

2,994 cases.

2.983

2,725

2,575 2,767

14,044 cases.

Increase of 3.98 per cent. in second period.

MINOR OFFENCES.

In 1886,

1887,

6,336 cases. 5,904

In 1891,

1892,

1888.

1889,

1890,

5,678 4,568 5,324

27,810 cases.

1893,

د,

1894,

1895,

7,875 cases.

6,747

6,463

6,062 10,608

37,755 cases.

Increase of 35.76 per cent. in second period.

In 1886,

8,836 cases.

Altogether.

In 1891,

1887,

1888,

8,481 8,114

1892,

1893,

وو

1889, 1890,

7,461 8,424

41,316 cases.

1894,

1895,

10,869 cases.

9,730

9,188 8,637 13,375

51,799 cases.

Increase of 25.37 per cent. in second period.

4.-DETAIL OF CASES REPORTED TO POLICE.

SERIOUS Offences.

1886 to 1890.

Yearly Average.

1891 to 1895.

Yearly Average.

1. Murder,

2.2

5.2

2. Robbery with Violence,

248

59.6

126

25.2

3. Burglaries & Larcenies in Dwellings,

382

76.4

323

64.6

4. Assault with Intent to Rob,.......

3.2

2.0

5. Kidnapping,

377

75.4

320

60.0

6. Piracy,

7.2

0.8

7. Unlawful Possession,

.1,529

8. Larcenies,....

.10,534

9. Felonies not already given,

374

305.8 2,106.8 74.8

1,944

388.8

10,989

2,197.8

312

62.4

MINOR OFFENCES.

1886 to 1890.

Yearly Average.

1891 to 1895.

Yearly Average.

10. Assault,

11. Gambling,

12. Miscellaneous,

13. Drunkenness,

14. Nuisances,

15. No Pass or Light,.

..5,334 507

1,066.8

5,750

1,150.0

101.4

1,826

365.2

,18,340

3,668.0

23,531

4.706.2

..1,148

229.6

1,226

245.2

..1,572

314.4

2,810

562.0

909

181.8

2,612

522.4

5.-NUMBER OF PERSONS ARRESTED BY POLICE.

FOR SERIOUS OFFENCES.

In 1886,

.1,861 persons.

In 1891,

1887,

1,799

1892,

1888,

1,672

1893,

وو

1889,

2,027

1894,

1890,

.2,028

,, 1895,

.2,131 persons. .2,220 .1,707 .1,498 .1,871

9,387 persons.

9,427 persons.

་

In 1886,

1887,

1888,

1889,

1890,

117

FOR MINOR OFFENCES.

Excepting Nos. 13, 14 and 15 (See Table 2) of which no details are given.

..9,993 persons.

.7,129 persons.

In 1891,

.7,524

1892,

..6,877

1893,

5,660 ....6,220

1894,

1895,

33,410 persons.

.8,974

.7,756 ...6,923 ...9,133

Altogether excepting Nos. 13, 14 and 15.

42,779 persons.

In 1886,

..8,990 persons.

In 1891, .......

1887,

..9,323

,, 1892,

1888, 1889, 1890,

..8,549

1893,

.7,687 8,248

1894,

1895,

42,797 persons.

6.-DETAILS OF NUMBER OF PERSONS ARRESTED

FOR SERIOUS OFFENCES.

1. Murder,

2. Robbery with Violence from Person,

3. Burglaries and Larcenies from Dwellings,.

4. Assault with Intent to Rob,

5. Kidnapping,

6. Piracy,.....

7. Unlawful Possession,.

8. Larcenies,.

9. Felonies not given,.....

10. Assault,

11. Gambling,

12. Miscellaneous,.

13. Drunkenness,

14. Nuisances,

15. No Pass or Light,

12,124 persons.

11,194

9,463 8,421 11,004

52,206 persons.

1886 to 1890.

1891 to 1895.

187

173

105

560

476

1,798

2.208

6,074

6,223

496

300

9,388

9,427

FOR MINOR OFFENCES.

1886 to 1890.

1891 to 1895.

8,496

8,515

2,589

6,373

22,325

27,891

1,148

1,226

1,572

2,810

909

2,612

37,039

49,427

7.—NUMBER OF PERSONS CONVICTED AND DISCHARGED

FOR SERIOUS OFFENCES.

Convicted.

Discharged.

Convicted.

Discharged.

In 1886,

.1,389

472

In 1891,

.1,687

144

1887,

.1,234

565

1892,

.1,728

492

1888,

.1,116

556

1893,

.1,391

316

1889,

.1,409

161

1894,

.1,224

274

1890,

.1,412

461

1895,

........1,478

393

6,560

2,215

7,508

1,619

FOR MINOR OFFENCES.

Convicted.

Discharged.

Convicted.

Discharged.

In 1886, ,, 1887,

.6,457

672

.6,310

1,214

In 1891, 1892,

...9,320

673

.8,245

729

1888,

.5,772

1,105

دو

1893,

.7,095

661

,, 1889,

..4,529

1,131

1894,

...6,155

768

,, 1890,

.5,007

1,213

1895,

.8,147

986

28,075

5,335

38,962

3,817

Altogether excepting Nos. 13, 14 and 15,

118

Convicted.

Discharged.

Convicted.

Discharged.

In 1886,

.7,846

1,144

In 1891,

11,007

1,117

1887,

.7,544

1,779

1892,

9,973

1,221

1888,

.6,888

1,661

,, 1893,

8,486

977

1889,

...5,938

1.749

1894,

7,379

1,042

,, 1890,

.6,419

1,829

,, 1895,

9,625

1,379

34,635

8,162

46,470

5,736

TABLE E.

RETURN shewing the STRENGTH, ENLISTMENTS and CASUALTIES in the Police Force during 1895.

Strength of the Force.

Enlistments.

Deaths.

Resignation through Sickness.

Resignation through expiry of

term

of Service or otherwise.

Dismissals

Total Number

Desertions.

of Casualties.

European,

112

...

Indian,.........

225

ગ

Chinese,

290

164

Tct

627*

115

252

* This number includes the Police paid for by other Departments and Private Firms, but is exclusive of--

1 Captain Superintendent,

1 Deputy

Do.,

1 Paymaster,

Grand Total, 676.

3 Clerks,

43 Coolies,

† Committed suicide.

Police Department, Hongkong, 15th February, 1896.

WM. C. H. HASTINGS, Acting Captain Superintendent of Police.

TABLE F.

RETURN of POLICE CONSTABLES treated in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL for FEVER,

from 1st January to 31st December, 1895.

European Strength,. Europeans, Indian Strength,

Indians,

Chinese Strength,

Chinese,.........

Total,......

BERNHA Central.

Nos. 1, 2 & 3

Stations.

No. 7.

Pokfulam.

Peak.

Aberdeen.

Yaumati.

Shaukiwan,

Stanley.

Tsimshatsui.

Grand Total.

7 24

4:5694

2:0042

8:3: 2:

...

16 162

Police Department, Hongkong 15th February, 1896.

WM. C. H. HASTINGS,

Acting Captain Superintendent of Police.

Enclosure.

119

POLICE SCHOOL,

HONGKONG, 31st December, 1895.

SIR,-I have the honour to report that the working and results of the Police School for 1895 have been satisfactory.

On further experience the First Reading Book introduced by The Captain Superintendent, F. H. MAY, Esq., has been found to answer its purpose fairly well though certain minor alterations are desirable when a reprint is made.

The suggestion in last report of allowing Indians from other Departments to attend the Police School has been carried into effect so far as Victoria Gaol is concerned, with satisfactory results.

During 1895 eleven European Constables obtained certificates exempting them from school attendance.

Three Indian Constables and three Gaol Guards passed examinations held by the Board of Examiners, and are now in receipt of allowances awarded for a knowledge of English.

The following has been the attendance for the

Europeans, Chinese,

....

Indian Constables,.. Indian Gaol Guards,

year :-

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

145

..150 21

Your most obedient Servant,

W. M. B. ARTHUR, Master in Charge.

The Honourable

WM. C. H. HASTINGS,

Acting Captain Superintendent of Police.

605

No. 96.

HONGKONG.

STATEMENT OF POST OFFICE RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE YEARS 1893, 1894, AND 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor,

QUESTION.-Will the Government give the Finance Committee a statement shewing the net result of the working of the Post Office during the last three years, ie, the total revenue received, and the total expenditure each year?

ANSWER.--

WORKING ACCOUNT OF POST OFFICE.

To Receipt,

1893.

Less received on 1892 Account,......

Received in 1894,

To Receipt,

1894.

1893.

$170,172.41 2,575.64

By Expenditure,

.$153,286.96

Less Payment on 1892 Account, 22,280.27

167,596.77

1,961.40 Paid in 1894,

Balance,

169,558.17

131,006.69 34,910.16 3,641.32

169,558.17

1894.

.$194,133.82

By Expenditure,

.$183,352.15

1,961.40

Less Payment on 1893 Account, 34,910.16

192,172.42 8,237.23

148,111.99

Paid in 1895, Balance,

42,371.23 9,596.48

200,409.70

Less received on 1893 Account,...

Received in 1895,

To Receipt,

1895.

Less received on 1894 Account,...

Received in 1×93,

1895.

.$252,686.99 8,237.28

By Expenditure,

.$194,240.27 Less Payment on 1894 Account, 42,371.23

244,449.71 7,146.80

151,869.04

Paid in 1896, Balance,

36,497.90

63,229.57

251,596,51

NOTE. To the Expenditure cach year should be added about $2,200 for Stationery, Coals, &c., which are paid for

out of open votes.

General Post Office, Hongkong, 18th December, 1896.

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Postmaster General.

181

No. 13

No. 29.

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE POSTMASTER GENERAL FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor,

GENERAL POST OFFICE, HONGKONG, 26th March, 1896.

SIR,I have the honour to forward the following report on the British Postal Service in "Hongkong and China during the year 1895.

2. The approximate statistics of correspondence received and despatched during the year are given in table A.

These figures are arrived at from actual statistics taken during the first 28 days of October. They indicate an apparent falling off in International Correspondence despatched as compared with the preceding year, but the comparison is vitiated by the fact that the statistics for that year were taken during November, and the statistical period included the dates of despatch of both the Xmas and New Year's homeward mails, as explained in paragraph 3 of my report for 1894.

The International correspondence received shows a considerable increase under all heads, the most important, though not the largest, being

Ordinary letters, Papers and books,. Registered articles,

•

15% increase.

.37% ..44%

The large apparent increase in the number of registered articles received is, no doubt, partly attributable to the fact that 3 American mails arrived during the statistical period of 1895 as against

1 in 1894, these mails bringing regularly a very large number of registered letters-usually from

600 to 700.

3. As regards local business the figures indicate a decrease of 20 % and 28 %, respectively, in the number of post cards despatched and received, and a decrease of 13 % in the number of papers received. The principal heads under which increases appear are--

Ordinary letters despatched, Papers despatched,

Registered articles despatched,

Registered articles received,.

21% increase.

33% .20 % .29%

4. Table B shows the monthly amounts of stamps sold at Hongkong during 1894 and 1895. The amount sold during the last five months of 1895 shows an increase of more than 19 % over the amount sold during the corresponding period of 1894, and as there has been no change in the tariff since August 1894, it is evident that the amount of correspondence despatched has increased remarkably.

5. Table C gives the statistics of parcels received and despatched, and table D gives the com- parison with 1894. The figures are exact except as regards those for parcels to and from the Coast Ports, which are estimated from statistics taken during 28 days.

They indicate a steady increase in the popularity and usefulness of the Parcel l'ost.

6. Table E shows the revenue and expenditure of the department during the year. Increases appear under all heads of revenue except boxholders' fees, and the most important item being the receipt from the sale of stamps which shows an increase of nearly 26 %.

The expenditure shows considerable increases under the headings "Share of United Kingdom expenses" and "Share of other Countries," which are attributable partly to increase in business, and also largely to the inclusion of suns disbursed in 1895 in payment for transit services performed in previous years. No trustworthy conclusion as to the increase or decrease in Postal business can be derived from these figures The contribution towards the P. & O. subsidy is a fixed charge in sterling, and the small decrease is due to a more favourable average rate of exchange. The decrease under the headingConveyance of Mails," ie., gratuities to masters of private ships for conveyance of local mails, does not necessarily indicate a falling off in local business. The masters call for the money at odd times, as suits their convenience, and the amount paid in any year is far from being a sure measure of the amount earned during the year.

182

The decrease in "Working Expences" is due principally to the fact that certain promotions were kept open on the retirement of the Messrs. BARRADAS, and were not filled up until the current year, partly also to economies effected in the staff towards the end of 1894.

The total revenue shows the handsome balance of $50,209 over expenditure, as against $8,820 for the previous year.

7. Table F shows the numbers of parcels despatched to Europe by the P. & O. vessels, with the amounts of postage and insurance fees collected.

8. The Cape of Good Hope joined the Postal Union on the 1st January, and the postage to that country was reduced in consequence.

9. An arrangement was concluded for the insurance of parcels to India to take effect from 1st January, 1896. The conditions are published in the Government Gazette of 7th December, 1895.

10. A Parcels Post to Brisbane riâ Colombo came into force on the 1st July. The conditions will be found in the Government Gazette of 29th June.

11. A Parcels Post to Canada viâ Vancouver was also arranged, and took effect from the 1st October. The conditions will be found in the Government Gazette of 14th September, 1895.

12. A Parcels Post to New Zealand via Colombo is under consideration and will, I hope, shortly be arranged.

13. The present Post Office is utterly inadequate for the requirements of the Colony. So far back as Mr. LISTER's time and frequently during my tenure of office the necessity for a new office has been urged upon the Government. (See Postmaster General's reports for 1887, 1888, 1889, 1890, 1891 and 1893.) The work of the office continues rapidly increasing, and it is hoped that the erection of the new office, which I understand is in contemplation, will be pushed forward with all possible celerity. The rate at which the business of the Post Office is increasing also renders it desirable that the dimensions of the new office should be far in advance of actual present requirements.

14. I would draw attention to the extreme inconvenience which is caused by the shortness of the stay made at this port by the outward French mail, which frequently arrives on the same morning that the homeward mail leaves, and leaves again the same afternoon after a stay of from 8 to 10 hours. In that time the homeward has to be sorted, the outward mail prepared and despatched, and the Shanghai and Coast and Northern mails sorted. The result is that there is not always time to sort the whole of the Shanghai mail, which has therefore frequently to be despatched only partly sorted. All this inconvenience might be obviated if the French authorities could be induced to allow the mails to be sorted on board the steamer, on her way up from Singapore, by an officer of this department as is done on the English mail. Such an arrangement was actually completed at one time (see my reports for 1889, 1890 and 1891); but the French authorities suddenly withdrew the privilege. I think the time has arrived when the question should be re-opened.

15. Messrs. T. and C. BARRADAS resigned their posts on the 24th January.

16. Messrs. A. SILVA and S. MOORE joined the department as junior clerks on the 4th March. 17. The Messageries Maritimes steamship Melbourne was detained at Saigon in May on account of fire, and her mails were brought on by the S. S. Manche.

18. The Messageries Maritimes S. S. Yarra was detained at Colombo in June, and the S. S. Rosetta brought her mails to Hongkong.

19. The telegraph office has been transferred to the offices of the Eastern Extension Australasia and China Telegraph Company.

20. The Agencies at the Coast Ports have been managed satisfactorily, with the notable excep- tion of Hankow, the Agent at which port has given an infinite amount of trouble by his repeated delay in forwarding his accounts, and neglect to reply to numerous letters from this office on that and other subjects.

21. The question of illicit Chinese Post Office has again occupied the attention of the Govern- ment, and a large number of Chinese who were found to be illegally forwarding correspondence to Manila, Haiphong, Bangkok, and other places were warned that from and after the 1st January, 1896, the law would be rigorously enforced, and the exceptionally large sale of stamps in December would seem to indicate that the action taken has proved efficacious.

22. Since the 5th October the following classes of correspondence have been delivered without extra charge-

(a) Correspondence posted on the high seas in the letter box on board a vessel, or placed in the hands of the commander provided the postage is prepaid by means of the postage stamps and according to the tariff of the country to which the vessel belongs or by which it is maintained.

183

(b) Correspondence posted on board in port, provided the prepayment is effected by means of the postage stamps and according to the tariff of the country in the waters of which the vessel happened to be.

Formerly all such correspondence was treated as unpaid and double postage collected from the addressees.

23. Table G shows the Money Order business for 1895.

The Honourable

COLONIAL SECRETARY,

J.C.,

&e.

I have the honour to be,

Sir, Your most obedient

Servant,

ARTHUR K. TRAVERS, Postmaster General.

A.-Approximate Statistics for the Year 1895.

International,

Local.

Comparison with 1894.

Description of Correspondence.

Total.

Des- patched.

Received.

Des- patched.

Received.

Total in 1894.

Increase. Decrease.

Ordinary Paid Letters,....

899,600 | 832,710

95,620

80,200

1,908,130

1,800,240 107,890

Unpaid or Short-paid Articles,

7,540

23,320

550

1,530

32,940

26,351 6,589

...

Letters on Postal Business,

3,690

2,420

2,260

1,000

9,370

7,111

2,259

Post Cards (single),

17,130

17,690

2,950

1,340

39,110

45,240

6,130

Post Cards with reply,

2,490

260

2,860

1,846

1,014

Newspapers, Periodicals, Books, Cir-

culars, &c.,.........

387,650

Patterns,

Registered Articles,

Do.,

with Return Receipts,

930,540 13,440 25,350 51,520 | 125,290

150

61,630

24,440

1,404,260

1,148,251

256,009

400

1,530

40,720

36,946

3,774

6,450

6,760

190,020

149,253

40,767

6,120

6,310

4,043

2,267

Local Delivery :-Letters, Circulars, &c.

95,610

89,850 5,760

B.-Sale of Stamps at Hongkong 1894 and 1895.

1894. .$10,488.06

1895.

$12,489.53

7,239.73

10,667.13

13,699.04

12,813.99

9,748.43

11,451.87

9,655.25

14,554.84

7,439.11

12,030.09

8,769.43

11,928.27

9,791.42

12,943.28

9,705.82

11,698.62

11,928.98

14,319.72

12,523.10

12,748.35

10,755.90

13,521.29

January, February,

March,

...

April,

May,

June,

July,

August,

September,

October,

November,

Decomber,

C.-Statistics of Parcels for the Year 1895.

Despatched.

Received.

Ordinary.

Insured.

Ordinary. Insured.

United Kingdom,

India,....

8,529 1,218

1,096

United Kingdom,

10,377

923

India,

1,248

Germany,

222

Germany,.

511

Australia,

137

Australia,

121

Ceylon,

Ceylon,....

...

Egypt,

273

Gibraltar and Malta,

Coast Ports, &c.,

5,395

Coast Ports, &c.,.

3,406

Total,......

15,607

1,096

Total,................

16,018

923

The Christmas and New Year Mails comprised Outward 652 and 776 respectively, and Inward 996 and 661 Parcels.

184

D.-Parcels received and despatched during the Years 1894 and 1895 compared.

Received from

1894.

1895. Increase. Decrease.

Despatched to

1894.

1895.

Increase. Decrease.

United Kingdom,................... 10,618

11,300

682

United Kingdom...............

8.249

9,625

1,376

Germany,

420

511

Germany,

246

222

India,

1,130

1,248

118

India,....

1,051

1,218

157

Other Countries,

572

626

Other Countries,

257

260

Coast Ports, &c.,

4,056

3,406

650

Coast Ports, &c.,

4,561

5,395

834

...

Grand Total,... 16,796

17,091

935

660

Grand Total,... 14,364

16,720

2,370

-Revenue and Expenditure 1895.

Receipts.

1894.

1895. Increase. Decrease.

Expenditure.

1891.

1895. Increase. Decrease

Sale of Stamps,

Unpaid Postage,

Boxholders' Fees,

174,063.03 | 219,201.97 45,138.94

5,264.70 8,042.34 2,777.64

2,431.50 2,435.26

3.76

Share of United King- |

dom,

87,868.77 51,713.18 14,344.41

Share of other Coun- 31,074.27; 37,279.31

tries.

6,205.54

Commissions on Money)

Order,

Profit on Exchange on Money Order Trans- actions,

3,905.09 5,644.03 1,738.94

Commissions on Money

Orders,

770.59 1.043.41

272.82

6,508.10 9,126.11 2,618.01

Contribution towards P. & O. Subsidy.............

Conveyance of Mail,.

Working Expenses,

Balance,

57,084.13 56,718.04

366.09

9,411.71 7,220.15

2,182.56

47,642.68 40,256.68

7,386.00

8,820.27| 50,209.44 41,389.17

Total...

192,172.42 | 244,449.71| 52,277.29

Total...

192,172.42 244,449.71 62,211.94 9,934.65

F.-- United Kingdom Parcels Posted in Hongkong during 1895.

Date.

No. of Parcels.

Postage.

Insurance Fees.

Date.

No. of Parcels.

Postage.

Insurance Fees.

January 3rd,

109

$109.80 $ 2.10

July 4th,

185

$198.05

$ 10.40

17th,

261

256.75

5.40

18th,

211

210.10

7.30

31st,

185

180.60

6.00

August 1st,

186

174.60

5.30

February 14th,

214

225.75

6.80

15th,

227

204.15

9.30

28th,

185

197.20

8.80

29th,

187

176.25

6.50

March 14th,

269

272.66

10.40

September 12th,

167

174.05

6.70

28th,

222

214.00

8.60

26th,

167

189.85

6.90

April 11th,

May 9th,

245

257.65

7.70

October 10th,

231

219.50

9.70

25th,

234

250.45

5.40

24th,

216

193.25

8.00

་

271

246.85

7.50

November 6th,

556

515.45

26.90

23rd,

278

270.55

13.60

21st,

484

394.40

20.00

June 6th,

177

164.45

20th,...

201

197.85

6.60 7.50

December 5th,

187

165.75

4.60

19th,

186

165.30

10.40

G.-MONEY ORDER BUSINESS, 1895.

185

Numbers of

Amount.

Orders.

Colonial Com- mission.

Total

Com- mission.

In Sterling.

s. d.

$ c.

Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports on United Kingdom,

2,751

8,863. 9. 4

306.54

Do.

on Queensland,

168

267.17. 3

16.21

Do.

on New South Wales,..

159.10. 2

3.15

Do.

on Victoria,

216. 6.10

2.87

Do.

on South Australia,.

5.16. 4

0.25

Do.

on Tasmania,

33. 0. 0

0.86

Do.

on New Zealand,

117. 5.10

2.16

Total Outward Orders in Sterling, .

3,082

9,663. 5. 9

332.04

332.01

United Kingdom on H'kong, S'hai and Coast Ports,

1,029

3,294.14. 4

306.31

Queensland

Do.,

(including also Japan),... 1,505

10,512.12. 1

970.83

New South Wales

Do.,

690

3,156.14. 9

290.72

Victoria

DO.,

534

3,210. 0. 7

303.92

South Australia

Do.,

166

1,244. 5. 9

114.14

Tasmania

Do.,

157

629. 5. 9

57.51

New Zealand

Do.,

134

734. 0. 3

67.11

Total Inward Orders in Sterling,

4,215

22,781.13. 6

2,110.54

In Dollars.

Hongkong on Shanghai,

on Coast Ports,

Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports on United States of America,

Do.

on Canada,

on Hawaii,

on Japan (including through Orders from Australia Straits, &c.),

on Straits Settlements,

on Siam,

on British North Borneo,

$ C.

146 33

3,013.39

53.12

570.57

8.20

116

$12.42

24.34

1,014.14

16.13

20.00

0.30

1,624

85,057.58

142.20

107

1,586.49

21.07

334.96

0.99

1,011.94

1.99

2,138

93,421.49

268.34

Total Outward Orders in Dollars,

Shanghai ou Hongkong and Coast Ports, .....

United States on Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports,

Canada,

Japan,

Straits Settlements,

1,259.05

30.40

177

8,486.00

17.43

125

4,396.15

21.99

325

7,658.41

1.16

576

14,153.68

84.84

Siam,

894.02

6.00

British North Borneo,

114

3,190.46

25.00

Total Inward Orders in Dollars,.

1,460

35,037.77

186.82

In Rupees.

Rs.

as.

Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports on India,

902

Do.

on Ceylon,

57,035.12 700 5

311.85 0.15

Total Outward Orders in Rupees,

923

57,736. 1

312.00

India on Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports, Ceylon on

396

Do.,

36,686. 6 276.11

95.89 0.77

Total Inward Orders in Rupees,............

403

36,963. 1

96.66

Imperial Postal Orders Payable in the United

Kingdom.

s. d.

1/0 Orders,

1/6

1,305 1,094

65. 5. 0

82. 1. 0

Sold at Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports, ....

5,0

860

215, 0. 0

1,253.83

10:0

20/0

1,308 2,888

654. 0. 0

2,888. 0. 0

Total Sterling Orders, .....

7,455

3,994. 6. 0

1,253.86

Carried forward,.

4,560.26

186

MONEY ORDER BUSINESS 1895,- Continued.

Local Postal Notes Payable in Hongkong, Shanghai

and Coast Ports.

Brought forward,

Numbers

Colonial

Total

Amount.

Com-

Orders.

mission.

な

4,560.26

25-Cent Notes,. 50

112

28.00

1.12

205

102.50

2.05

Sold at Hongkong, Shanghai and Coast Ports,

$1.00 2.00

157

157.00

3.14

172

344.00

6.88

3.00

141

423.00

8.46

4.00

133

532.00

10.64

5.00

284

1,420.00

28.40

10.00

460

4,600.00

92.00

Total Dollar Notes,

1,664

7,606.50

152.69

4,712.95

465

No.-98

HONGKONG.

REPORTS ON THE QUESTION OF THE PUBLIC LIGHTING OF THE CITY OF VICTORIA AND BRITISH KOWLOON.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

In pursuance of the directions contained in the letter of appointment issued by His Excellency the Governor on the 9th January, 1896, "to find out what streets require better lighting and the cost thereof," the undersigned Committee have the honour to submit the following report:-

The Committee held nine meetings, during seven of which they perambulated the City of Victoria and peninsula of Kowloon between the hours of 8 P.M. and

11 P.M.

At their ninth meeting they examined one witness, Mr. T. COLLINS, the Secretary of the Hongkong and China Gas Company, Limited, and they also considered the Gas and Electric Light Contracts.

The Committee recommend increases and alterations in the lighting of the streets aggregating $14,152.90 exclusive of the cost of mooring lights, cutting trees, and removing signboards.

In the Appendix will be found the nature and positions of the various addi- tions and alterations suggested.

Additions suggested.

Posts 156 @ $26.40,

Brackets 154 @ $18.00,

Bridges 4 @ $40.00,

314 Welsback burners for above @ $7.50,

Initial Cost.

$4,113.40 2,772.00

160.00

2,355.00

$9,405.40

Alterations recommended.

The existing gas lamps 638 to be reduced by 5, and the remaining 633

fitted with Welsback burners @ $7.50,

4,747.50

$14,152.90

To His Excellency

The Committee recommend the use of the Welsback burners for the following

reasons:

(1) The present cost of upkeep per lamp of 11 or 12 candle-power is $2.85 per mensem whereas that for the Welsback of 25 to 30 candle-power will only be $2.70, so that the initial cost of the burner will therefore be recouped in four years, after which a saving of about 5 per cent. per annum will accrue, while the brilliancy of the lights will be doubled at once.

(2) The Welsback burner requiring a sealed lantern is less liable to

extinction.

(3) The Welsback gives a quite sufficiently intense light for the purpose the Committee have in view and is much cheaper than the Electric Lamp in the initial cost and upkeep.

Governor Sir W. ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.

}

466

(2)

Four of the new posts proposed in San Wa Fong should, however, carry lanterns of the S Welsback pattern involving a monthly cost of upkeep of $3.60 per lamp, and giving a light of 50 to 60 candles.

The Committee further recommend that the ordinary glass tops of streets lanterns be replaced by opal glass as opportunity offers, as this will increase the light by reflection and will not be charged for by the Gas Company.

The Committee would also suggest the lighting of the cable lamps at Hung Hom with gas when it is extended to that village; the same remarks would apply to the lamps at Whitfeild, though the date in that case would appear to be more remote.

The bulk of the new lights suggested in the City of Victoria would be placed in small lanes and blind alleys, many of them private, but which whether private or public, should, from a police point of view, and for the protection of life and property, be lighted without delay.

WM. C. H. HASTINGS,

C. P. CHATER.

HO KAI

Chairman.

Appendix.

CENTRAL.

No. of Lamp. 287

5037

504

581

747

765

Should be moved across road.

Require branches of near trees cut. One more lamp should be placed at first

upper bend of Glenealy.

767 To be moved 40 feet South.

282

746 In Bonham Road, branches near to be cut.

315

526

In Seymour Road, branches near to be cut.

531

528

527 533

}

Moved across the road.

In Castle Road, branches near to be cut.

525 In Robinson Road to be moved West and 1 more light between it and 526 required, the latter No. 526 should be moved 10 yards East and across the road.

328 329

331 In Robinson Road, branches near should be cut and No. 333 should be 334

moved across road.

335

336

537 In Peel Street, should be moved across the road to N.W.

219

221

222

In Wellington Street, signboards recommended to be taken down where

obstructing light.

(3)

467

474 In Graham Street to be removed to a bracket on opposite lower corner of

637

street.

In Cochrane Street to have a crane arm on lamp post bringing the light over

the street.

479 In Gutzlaff Street to be moved across the road.

574 In Hollywood Road, remove signboards.

521 In Fat Hing Street to be swung in middle of street on an iron bridge.

395 In Cleverly Street, obstructing sunshades to be raised 2 feet.

400 In Hillier Street to be swung in middle of street on an iron bridge. 674 In Kwong Yun Street East to be moved out 2 feet into street.

677 In Gilman Street to be swung on an iron bridge in middle of street and

another lamp to be placed way up the Street from lower end.

675 In Wing Wo Street remove and place an *Electric Light in the street,

shorter standard than those in Queen's Road.

658 In Gilman Bazaar move to centre of arch and move Electric Light further

to the West.

Electric Light.

In Queen's Road Central--cut branches.

In Bonham Strand should be moved to the N. W. 3 yards.

Electric Light.

In Queen's Road Central should be cleared from the shade of tree branches

by cutting the latter.

The tree branches in Battery Path, Wyndham Street, Peddar's Street, Old Bailey Street, Elgin Street and Aberdeen Street, should be lopped, and those to East of Electric Light No. 30 should be removed.

41 Kwong Yun Street East should be moved 1 yard East.

1 Electric Light to be placed on a bridge across Stavely Street above the

steps to the South of Wellington Street.

Full power.

1 Electric Light to be placed in Wing On Street.

Tung Man Lane. Hing Lung Street.

power.

and the gas lamp No. 616 may be taken away.

The two lanes in Jubilee Street should have an Electric Light in each--

power.

Queen Victoria Street requires a gas lamp opposite the Market Gate.

Chinese Street, Lai Yune Street East and Lai Yune Street West require an

Electric Light each-- power.

The lane East of Carmichael & Co. requires lighting by 2 gas lamps.

Lane at back of Trading & Co. requires 1 gas lamp and the lane to the

West requires 1 also.

Chuk Hing Lane requires lighting.

Tung Tak Lane requires 2 gas lamps one above and one below the angle of

the lane.

Ezra Lane requires lighting by gas.

That the trees on Peak Road near Lamps Nos. 634, 346, 345, 683, 684, 685, 686, and 687 and near Lamps Nos. 342, 343, and 344 in Albany Road and those near 314, 317, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 348, 349, 672, 720, 721, 722, 792, and 854, should be lopped, and the tree South of Lamp No. 354 should be cut down.

* 2 Welsback substituted.

† Welsback.

2 Welsbacks.

468

( 4 )

Those near Electric Light No. 55 in Upper Albert Road should be lopped as also those between lamps 312 and 313 in Lower Albert Road near Stables of Govern- ment Offices. Branches in Queen's Road Central near Electric Lights 53, 59, and 62 should be cut. Trees along Battery Pathway should be lopped.

The signboard obstructing light of Lamp No. 455 in Bridges Street to be removed.

The tree to East of Lamp No. 490 in Elgin Street to be cut down.

Trees near Electric Light No. 45 in Lower Albert Road to be lopped :-

1 Lamp to be placed at half distance between Lamps Nos. 762 and 763 on the North side of Kennedy Road and trees at this place to be lopped. A hand rail on North side of the road above Vaccine Institute would greatly increase the safety of the road for passengers to and from Evening Service at Union Church.

Vide C.S.O.

644 1596*

Two lamp brackets should be placed in Woofung Lane. 1 at from

each end.

2 similar to the above are required for Wa In-fong.

HUNGHOM.

Bulkeley Street and Market Street be lighted by 8 Gas lamps each, to be placed so that each alternate lamp in the former and latter streets gives lights to the intersecting streets between the two.

Long Lane running parallel between those two streets to be lighted by 8 lamps on brackets (this is a very dark and narrow Lane).

Cheung On Lane to have 2 lamps on wall brackets way up from each end.

A bracket lamp to be placed at the latrine at the back of the market. Station Lane to have 2 bracket lamps. Hill-side Street to have a lamp half way down the street.

A lamp to be placed South of the Station bridge.

A lamp to be placed at East end of Hill-side Lane.

Hunghom Road from Gun Club Hill to Entrance of Village to be lighted by 13 lights--this is the high road between the Docks and the Hongkong Ferry, and much used at night by Dock passengers.

WANCHAI DISTRICT.

To recommend that the trees to the East of gas lamp No. 85 should be lopped and the one to the West cut down as also that one to the South of No. 2 Police Station.

The sunshade to the South of No. 84 to come down and also the tree.

Lamp No. 430 to be moved across the Wanchai Road to shine down Triangle Street.

Lamp No. 429 to be moved 25 yards to the South in Wanchai Road.

Trees in Wanchai Road near Market to be lopped; the one East of Electric Light No. 75 to be cut down. Lamp No. 422 in Nullah Lane to be placed on an iron bridge spanning the lane at its present position placing it over centre of roading. Lamp No. 426 to have obstructing sunshades removed.

All the trees along Queen's Road East require lopping.

469

( 5 )

The following small Streets and Lanes require lights as under :-

King Sing Street,

Shek Kai Lane,

Tik Lung Lane, Sau Ping Lane, Ui Hing Lane,.. Amoy Lane,..

Swatow Lane,

Rock Lane,

Tsui Yau Lane,

The Cross Lane in above,

Tsui Lung Lane,

Man Wong Lane,..

Hau Fung Lane,

Holy Infant Lane,

Sau Wa Fong,

Wing Fung Lane East,

Wing Fung Lane West,

Albany Street,......................

Cross Lane,

1 Lamp post at East End.

bracketway down.

post at top of steps. bracket opposite arch.

bracket on West sideway down. bracket way down.

bracket

way down.

post at end.

post opposite arch.

bracket at East end.

bracket at angle facing arch.

bracket at end.

post at elbow.

bracketway down.

.*1 Electric Light in Centre high standard 2,000

candles-power.

1 Lamp bracket at East end.

post at West end. ·

post at East side of the Street at South side of junction with Cross Street.

post.

Tsing Kai Lane,

Ui Lung Lane,

Blacksmith Lane,...

Lamont Lane,

Russell Street,

Sharp Street,

bracket in Centre.

};

-""

post.

Total, 8 Lamp posts, 10 Brackets, and † 1 Electric Light.

WESTERN DISTRICT.

The following Streets, Lanes, and Alleys require lighting:-

Wo Fung Street,

In Kui Lane, Sutherland Street, Li Shing Street,

1 Bracket lamp on East side opposite intersect-

ing alley.

1 Bracket at elbow.

1 Bracket on west side opposite In Kui Lane.

Tsi Mi Lane,

in centre.

Sai Wo Lane,

;;

Salt Fish Street,

In On Lane...

Sung Hing Lane,

half-way down.

Sai Un Lane,

1 at arch and 1 half-way down to Praya.

Chung Ching Street,

Ki Sing Lane,

.......

On Ning Lane,

Sai On Lane,

Hing Lung Street, East,......

Tung Wo Street, West,

* Welsback's.

West,

1 Bracket at junction of Shek Chun Street.

half-way down.

at junction of Sai On Lane. one-third from each end.

half-way down.

at South end.

† Welsback.

470

I' Yik Lane, Third Lane,

Sixth Lane,

Yat Foo Lane,...

(6)

1 Bracket half-way down.

•

Wo On Lane,

Ng Fuk Lane,....

Shing Hing Lane,

Tai Loi Lane,

ܼܝ

U Po Lane,

Kam U Alley,

one-quarter from each side.

Tse Tung Lane,

U Po Lane, West,

Leung Wa Tai Lane, Kung San Lane,

Algar Lane,.....

Lamp No. 357 in First Street to be shifted a few

feet west to light this lane.

1 Bracket.

Sai Wa Lane,

Sam To Lane,

Shung Fung Lane,

Tak Shing Lane,

On Wai Lane,

Un Fuk Lane,

Cheung Fuk Lane,

Kwok In Lane,

Un Shing Lane,

Lamp No. 368 to be moved 5 feet west to light Leung l' Fong.

Cheong On Lane,

..... 1 Bracket.

U Lok Lane,

.....

Fuk San Lane,

Fuk Lok Lane,

Lau U Lane,

Pathway from "Green Mount" to Bonham Road, 2 Lamp posts.

Pathway from "Green Mount" to Upper Richmond Road on Humphreys' Estate-6

Lamp posts.

Eastern Street between Queen's Road West and Praya-2 Lamp posts, and Lamp

No. 387 to be moved 40 feet south.

Wilmer Street, Queen's Road West to Praya, 1 Bracket.

Chiu Kwong Street,

Belcher's Street,

Smithfield Street,

North Street,

Davis Street,

Cadagan Street,

1 Lamp post.

.........13

19-

no houses.

Pathway to Kennedy Town Hospital 2 Lamp posts.

Kennedy Town Praya, ............16 Lamp posts.

Chater Street,

Forbes Street,

.10

})

no houses.

Pathway to Market Inspector Quarters, 1 Lamp post.

New Praya, West Point, 22 Lamp posts.

Queen's Road West, 2 Lamp posts between Centre and Eastern Streets. Lamp No. 13, Praya West, move 8 feet East to light Chung Ching Street.

New Salt Fish Lane 3 Lamps, one at each end and 1 in Centre.

Trees on Bonham, Upper Richmond and Lower Richmond Roads to be lopped

where obstructing light of Lamps.

Sunshade over No. 96 Second Street to be moved; it obstructs light of Lamp

No. 375.

}

No. 394.

(7)

471

Sunshade over No. 2 First Street obstructs light of Lamp No. 603 in Eastern

Street (remove).

Lamps Nos. 23, Praya West, and 121, 122, 127, 616 and 118 Queen's Road

West obstructed by signboards (remove).

Lamp No. 120 Queen's Road West to be moved clear of angle of building.

YAUMATI.

1 Lamp required over the Station door.

in Station Street, 2 at extreme North end and 2 at extreme South end. in Kennedy Street near the pound.

Brackets in Seaside Lane.

in Temple Street, 1 at North end.

1 Bracket at corner of Ginger Factory.

at Latrine.

1 Post North of No. 28 Lamp.

4 Lamp (Bracket) in Fuk Sing Lane.

་

at South end of Leung Wo Laue.

in lane between Station and Temple Streets.

in lane between Station Street and Praya.

in lane between Battery and Reclamation Streets.

3 Brackets in lane between Battery Street and New Praya and 1 Lamp

post at North end of Lane.

Bracket near Middle of Lane between Station and Reclamation Streets.

(Minute by the Colonial Secretary.)

Honourable Director of Public Works,

For any remarks you may have to offer. The question of the lighting of the Hill District was not referred to the Committee. What is your opinion with regard to it?

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary.

5th June, 1896.

SIR,

(Report by the Director of Public Works.)

PUBLIC WORKS OFFICE, HONGKONG, 13th July, 1896.

I have the honour to inform you that I have considered the report of the Com- mittee appointed by His Excellency the Governor to consider the question of Public Lighting in the City of Victoria and British Kowloon.

2. Generally speaking, the question of lighting streets may be divided into two headings, viz. :-

(a) The Lighting of Public Streets, Roads and Lanes, and

(b) The Lighting of Private Streets, Roads and Lanes.

The former can only properly be designated "public lighting," though perhaps from a police point of view the latter may be considered equally if not the more important.

472

( 8 )

3. In Urban Districts in England, the improvement, including lighting, of private streets and roads is regulated by the section 150, Public Health Act 1875, under which section the Urban Authority has power to call upon the owner or owners of the property abutting upon such streets if they are not properly sewered, levelled, paved, channelled or are not lighted to the satisfaction of the authority to carry out the necessary works within a specified time.

4. The question of the efficient construction, maintenance and lighting of private streets and lanes is one that I have on previous occasions referred to.

5. In my opinion the owners of property abutting on private streets and lanes should be liberally treated in all cases where such owners are prepared to hand the private streets and lanes that are used as public thoroughfares over to the Govern- ment, but until such streets and lanes are taken over by the Government the cost of efficiently lighting them should undoubtedly devolve on the owners of property abutting thereon, and I would remark that the cost of lighting the City during 1895 was $42,527 whilst the revenue derived from the rate of 14% levied for lighting purposes on the present rateable value amounts to $49,700, leaving a balance of some $7,000 per annum only, to meet the interest on capital expenditure already incurred and that necessary to place the lighting of the public streets on a satisfactory basis, as well as the increased annual cost of maintaining the additional lights required.

6. It is not therefore my intention to enter further upon the question of lighting private streets and lanes beyond mentioning that owing to the various nature and considerable extent of the obstructions so often to be found in such streets and lanes, brackets on the walls would be of little use and probably lamps fixed on posts in the middle of the street or lane would be found the most efficient means of lighting.

7. Turning now to the question of improving the lighting of the public

streets.

The report of the Committee is somewhat difficult to follow being unaccompanied by a plan, and further it contains no indication of the general principles upon which the proposed alterations and additions are recommended.

8. Generally speaking, I am of opinion that considerable improvements may be effected in the lighting of the City of Victoria at a small cost, but before under- taking such alterations it would be well to decide on the general principles to be adopted, and I recommend that a district should be taken in hand and improved in accordance as far as practicable with the following rules :---

(a) All gas burners used to be of the pattern known as the Welsback.

(b) In streets of 50 feet and less in width the burners to be those known

as the "S" pattern.

burners to be those known as the "C" pattern.

(d) All lamps to be placed at distances apart of about 70 yards, which

should be considered a maximum.

(e) The glazing in the upper part of all lanterns to be of opal glass.

(ƒ) All brackets to be abolished and lamp posts fixed instead.

(g) The height of lamp posts, except where carrying "clusters," not to

exceed 10 feet 6 inches.

9. Plan* marked "A" accompanying this report shews the alterations required in a portion of the central district, if the foregoing general principles are adopted.

* Plan not printed.

473

(9)

10. It will be seen on reference to the plan that in this district the positions of 9 lamps require altering, 5 bracket lamps require posts and 6 additional lamps are required. The whole of the burners, 32 in number, to be of "S" Welsback pattern.

11. In Kowloon the same general rules equally apply to the villages of Hung Hom, Yau-Ma-Ti and Monkoktsui. In the more thinly populated district of Tsim-Sha-Tsui and along the road skirting Hung Hom Bay, the lights for the present might be placed about 400 feet apart admitting of extra ones being put in between if it is found necessary to ultimately improve the lighting of this district.

12. On plan* marked "B" I have shewn the necessary alterations in the posi- tions of the existing lamps in Yau-Ma-Ti so as to light the public lanes and the new lamps it is necessary to fix in order to efficiently light the villages of Hung Hom and Yau-Ma-Ti and the road skirting Hung Hom Bay.

In addition to these the system of public lighting will shortly require extension to Monkoktsui where several houses are in course of erection, and I anticipate that some 10 lights will be required by about the end of the year.

13. The number of lamps that require altering in Yau-Ma-Ti is 17 and the number of new ones required is 19.

The number of new lamps required to light the village of Hung Hom and the road skirting Hung Hom Bay is 36, and I submit as an experiment that these alterations and additions should be carried out and that all new lamps and those existing in the village of Yau-Ma-Ti, viz., north of Austin Road, should be fitted with Welsback burners of the "S" pattern.

14. The estimated cost of the extensions and alterations proposed in the two preceding paragraphs, based on the enclosed correspondence† with the Secretary to the Hongkong and China Gas Co., is as follows:-

Removing and re-erecting 17 lamps, Yau-Ma-Ti, .

$ 141.00

Additional Lamps, Yau-Ma-Ti, 19, .........

741.00

Providing and Fixing Welsback burners 56,

504.00

Extension of Lighting to Hung Hom 36 lamps,

1,728.00

Extension of Lighting to Monkoktsui 10 lamps,

380.00

$3,494.00

say, $3,600.

15. The annual cost of lighting and maintenance is estimated as follows:-

Yau-Ma-Ti,

Hung Hom,......

Monkoktsui,

..........56 lamps @ $33=$1,848.00

.36 lamps @ $38 = 1,368.00 ....10 lamps @ $33= 330.00

$3,546.00

say, $3,600.

In addition to the above, there are in Kowloon, in the Kowloon Point district, 62 lamps which it is not proposed to alter at present, the annual cost of lighting and maintaining these may be put down at $2,200, making the total annual cost in respect of lighting Kowloon $5,800.

* Plan not printed.

Enclosure 1.

474

( 10 )

16. The following tabular statement gives the annual rating valuation of the several districts in Kowloon, the sum realized by a rate of 1% and the estimated annual cost of lighting and maintaining the lamps :-

Yau-Ma-Ti,

Hunghom,

District.

Kowloon Point,......................

Annual Rating Valuation.

1 % Rate.

Annual Cost of Lighting and Main- taining Lamps.

59,766

896

1,848

79,580

1,193

1,368

115,570

1,734

2,200

330

Monkoktsui,

Buildings in course of erection.

17. The annual rating valuation of property in Kowloon has, however, in- creased considerably of late years and there is at present reasonable prospect of this increase being maintained.

18. Under these circumstances, I am inclined to recommend to the favourable consideration of His Excellency the Governor the adoption of the proposals con- tained in paragraph 13.

19. Turning now to the Peak, I estimate this district will require about 100 lamps for the efficient lighting of the roads, exclusive of the Magazine Gap district. I have omitted the latter owing to the necessity, if this district is included, of laying a new main from Queen's Road East up the Wanchai Gap Road, the cost of which would not compare at all favourably with the advantages to be gained.

20. The estimated cost of fixing 100 lamps is $4,850.

21. There is at present no rate for lighting levied in the Peak District. The annual rating valuation is $96,450, 14% per annum rate would realize an annual revenue of $1,446, and the annual cost of lighting and maintaining 100 lamps would be 100 @ $36=$3,600, or equivalent to, say, 4% on the rating valuation.

22. In conclusion, I would point out that apparently from the enclosed cor- respondence the Gas Company are not prepared to carry out the alterations and extensions proposed at the prices named by the Committee in their report.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY.

FRANCIS A. COOPER,

Director of Fublic Works.

No. 287.

SIR,

(11)

Enclosure I.

(Director of Public Works to Manager, Hongkong & China Gas Co.)

PUBLIC WORKS OFFICE,

475

HONGKONG, 17th June, 1896.

I have the honour to inform you that the subject of the improvement of the existing public lighting in the Colony has been referred to me for a report, and I should be much obliged if you will be so good as to furnish me with the following information at your earliest convenience :-

(a) What is the greatest intensity of the light standard candle-power on the ground at the base of a lamp post (the height of the burner being 10 feet and 15 feet above the ground) that your Company can safely guarantee in the event of Welsback burners being used for street lighting?

(b) Is your Company prepared to extend the system of public lighting to private streets and lanes; and if so, at what cost per lamp per mensem for maintenance and lighting, the cost of all piping and fittings except lamps, posts and brackets being paid for by the Company?

(c) Is your Company prepared to extend the system of public lighting to the Hill District including the Peak, Mount Gough, Mount Kellet, Magazine Gap; and if so, at what cost per lamp per mensem for maintenance and lighting, the cost of all piping and fittings except lamps, post and brackets being paid for by the Company?

(d) Is your Company prepared to extend the system of public lighting in Kowloon to Monkoktsui on the north and Hunghom on the east ; and if so, at what cost per lamp per mensem for maintenance, the cost of all piping and fittings except lamps, posts and brackets being paid for by the Company?

If any further explanation is required I shall be glad to see you at your

convenience.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

FRANCIS A. COOPER, Director of Public Works.

The Manager,

HONGKONG & CHINA GAS Co.

(Director of Public Works to Secretary, Hongkong & China Gas Co.)

No. 333.

SIR,

PUBLIC WORKs Office,

HONGKONG, 2nd July, 1896.

Adverting to our conversation on the subject of public lighting, I have the honour to forward you a plan* marked B, which please return, shewing the proposel extension and alteration of the gas lamps in Kowloon.

Plan not printed.

476

( 12 )

You will observe that some additional lamps are proposed in Yau-ma-ti as well as some minor alterations in the positions of the existing lamps, also

That it is proposed in the near future to extend the system of gas lighting to the village of Monkoktsui immedia tely north of Yau-ma-ti, in which village it is anticipated that the first instalment of lights would number 10, further

It is proposed to extend the system to the village of Hunghom and erect lamps on the road skirting Hunghom Bay.

All the present lamps in the village of Yau-ma-ti, viz., north of Austin Road and all new lamps to be fitted with the Welsback burners "S" pattern.

I shall be obliged if you will furnish me with an estimate for each of the above proposals and the rate at which your Company will be prepared to maintain and light the lamps.

I have considered your proposal for the Peak District as shewn on the plan* returned herewith, and am of opinion that the positions of the lamps are too far apart. I estimate that about 100 lamps fitted with the Welsback burners "S" pattern will be required, and I shall be obliged if you will be so good as to furnish me with an estimate of the cost of erecting these lamps and the rate at which your Company is prepared to undertake their lighting and maintenance.

A reply at your early convenience will greatly oblige.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

FRANCIS A. COOPER, Director of Public Works.

FRANK COLLINS, Esq.,

Secretary,

Hongkong & China Gas Co.

SIR,

(Secretary, Hongkong and China Gas Co., to Director of Public Works.)

HONGKONG & CHINA GAS COMPANY, LIMITED,

WORKS, WEST POINT, HONGKONG, 8th July, 1896.

I have the honour to address you in answer to your letters dated June 17th, and July 2nd, 1896, numbered 287 and 333 respectively, and I beg to return to you the plan parked B.

Proposed alteration of position of lamps in Yau-ma-ti.-The Gas Company will undertake the removal of the 17 lamps to the new positions as indicated on the plan B for an inclusive sum of dollars one hundred and forty-one ($141). The lamps in question are numbered 2, 4, 6, 9, 16, 22, 23, 24 and 25 which will cost $5 each, and 3, 7, 8, 10, 11, 15, 17 and 18 which will cost $12 each.

Proposed additional lamps in Yau-ma-ti.--The Gas Company will undertake to supply and connect piping ready for lighting to 19 new lamps, furnished and erected by the Government, in positions as shewn on plan B for an inclusive sum of dollars one hundred and seventy-one ($171). If the Company supply and erect the posts, cradles and lamps complete, an additional charge of $30 each lamp would be incurred.

* Plan not printed.

The Honourable

( 13 )

477

Proposed fitting of Welsback “S” burners to all the lamps at present fixed and the proposed additional lamps at Yau-ma-ti.-The Gas Company will undertake to provide the lamps iu question (numbering 56) with Welsback "S" burners and will make the necessary alterations to lanterns for an inclusive sum of dollars five hundred and four ($504). You will notice that the cost per lamp is $9. In my letter to you dated April 15th, 1896, I offered to effect the alteration at a cost of $7.50 per lamp. I much regret that I cannot now offer to do the work at the latter figure for the local agent of the Welsback burner has withdrawn his former offer and requires $1.50 more.

Proposed extension of public lighting to the village of Monkoktsui.-The Gas Company will undertake to supply and connect piping ready for lighting to 10 new lamps, furnished and erected by the Government and situated immediately north of Yau-ma-ti, including the supply and fixing of Welsback "S" burners and making the necessary alterations to lanterns, for an inclusive sum of dollars one hundred and eighty ($180). If the Company supply and erect the posts, cradles and lamps complete an additional charge of $30 each lamp would be incurred.

Proposed extension of Public Lighting to Hunghom.--The Gas Company will undertake to supply and connect piping ready for lighting to the proposed 36 lamps, supplied and erected by the Government in positions as shown on plan B, including the supply and fixing of Welsback "S" burners and making the necessary alterations to lanterns, for an inclusive sum of dollars six hundred and forty-eight ($648). If the Company supply and erect the posts, cradles and lamps com- plete an additional charge of $30 each lamp would be incurred.

Proposed extension of public lighting to the Peak District.-The Gas Company will undertake to supply and connect piping ready for lighting to, say, 100 lamps, supplied and erected by the Government,- in positions situated within the district shown on plan submitted by the Gas Company--and supply and fix Welsback "S" burners (making the necessary alterations to lanterns) for an inclusive sum of dollars eighteen hundred ($1,800). If the Company supply and erect the posts, cradles and lamps complete an additional charge of $30.50 each lamp would be incurred.

Lighting and Maintenance of Lamps.-56 lamps at Yau-ma-ti and 10 lamps at Monkoktsui. The Gas Company will undertake to supply gas, light, ex- tinguish and keep the burners in good repair (storm damage excepted) at the rate of $2.70 per lamp per month.

36 lamps at and on the road to Hunghom. The Gas Company will under- take to supply gas, light, extinguish and keep the burners in good repair (storm damage excluded) at the rate of $3.10 per lamp, per month. When the private consumption of gas off the proposed new main to Hunghom reaches 40,000 cubic feet per month the rate per lamp, per month, will be reduced to $2.70.

100 lamps at the Peak. The Gas Company will undertake to supply gas, light, extinguish and keep the burners in good repair (storm damage excepted) at the rate of $3.00 per lamp per month.

Lighting private lanes and streets in Victoria.-I regret that I cannot make any inclusive offer for this work for the cost would vary with the circumstances of each case. I shall be happy to furnish you with estimates to carry out any par- ticular work in this respect upon receiving your specific requirements.

I have the honour to be.

Sir,

FRANCIS A. COOPER,

Director of Public Works.

Your obedient Servant,

FRANK COLLINS,

Local Secretary.

No. 1.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE

At a Meeting held on the 11th February, 1896.

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Director of Public Works (FRANCIS ALFRED COOPER), Chairman. the Acting Colonial Treasurer (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

The Committee considered plans laid before them by the Director of Public Works for-

(a) Shaukiwan Water Works. Estimated cost $23,000.

(b) Aberdeen Water Works. Estimated cost $15,000.

$26,000.

And a proposal for the erection of Quarters for the staff of Victoria Gaol.

It was unanimously agreed that the projects for the Shaukiwan and Aberdeen Water Works be approved.

Proposed by the Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD, and seconded by the Honourable E. R. BELILIOS, that this Committee recommend the construction of the Road from Victoria Gap to Mount Kellet Road, as shewn on the plans before them.

Ayes.

The Hon. C. P. CHATER.

The Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD. The Hon. E. R. BELILIOS.

The Chairman did not vote.

Noes.

The Hon. Acting Colonial Treasurer.

It was agreed that the necessary steps be taken for the preparation of detail plans and estimate for the erection of Quarters for the staff of the Victoria Gaol on the lines indicated by the Director of Public Works and concurred in by the Acting Superintendent of the Gaol.

The Committee then adjourned.

FRANCIS A. COOPER,

Chairman.

Laid before the Legislative Council this 10th day of March, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY,

Acting Clerk of Councils.

}

No. 2.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE

At a Meeting held on the 8th July, 1896.

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Director of Public Works (FRANCIS ALFRED COOPER), Chairman. the Acting Colonial Treasurer (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

The Committee considered plans laid before them by the Director of Public Works for-

(a) Extension of Wongneichong Recreation Ground. Estimated cost $10,000. (b) Pier at Kennedy Town for Sheep and Swine Depôt. Estimated cost $10,000.

It was unanimously agreed that the proposed projects be approved.

The Committee then adjourned.

Laid before the Legislative Council this 22nd day of July, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY,

Acting Clerk of Councils.

FRANCIS A. COOPER,

Chairman.

No. 4.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE.

PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE

At a Meeting held on the 7th December, 1896.

PRESENT:

The Honourable the Director of Public Works (FRANCIS Alfred COOPER), Chairman. the Acting Colonial Treasurer (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). CATCHICK PAUL CHATER.

THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD.

EMANUEL RAPHAEL BELILIOS, C.M.G.

The Committee considered plans laid before them by the Director of Public Works for-

(a) The erection of a Bungalow at Victoria Peak, (Hill District Water Works). Estimated

cost, $2,200.

(b) Taikoktsui Improvement Works, $7,000.

(d) Formation and Drainage of Kimberley, Robinson and Observatory Roads, Kowloon,

$8,000.

(e) Taipingshan Improvement Works. Alterations to Blocks B and G.

(f) The construction of a road from Victoria Gap to Mount Kellet Road, (amended project),

$10,000.

It was agreed that the above projects be approved.

The Committee then adjourned.

FRANCIS A. COOPER,

Chairman.

Laid before the Legislative Council this 14th day of December, 1896.

F. J. BADELEY,

Acting Clerk of Councils.

195

No. 98.

No. 218.

HONGKONG.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

PUBLIC WORKS OFFICE, HONGKONG, 7th April, 1896.

SIR, I have the honour to forward you the following report of the work of this department during the past year.

ANNUALLY RECURRENT WORKS.

2. Repairs to Government Buildings.-The following new buildings have been added to the list of Government buildings during the year, viz. :-

The Slaughter Houses, Sheep and Pig Depôts at Kennedy Town, and

The Central Market.

3. The following buildings have been removed :-

The Temporary Markets, Praya Central and Wing Lok Street.

The Slaughter House, West Point.

Number 8 Police Station, Taipingshan, and the Taipingshan Market.

4. Five houses in New Street, partly occupied by the Pó Léung Kuk, have been sold.

5. The total number of buildings of all descriptions in charge of this department is 125.

6. The ravages of white ants have necessitated considerable expenditure on some of the Govern- ment buildings, especially at Queen's College, Government Civil Hospital, the Lunatic Asylum, and Tsim-Sha-Tsui Police Station.

I also regret to have to report that exceptional repairs were necessitated at the Queen's College owing to the decay of some of the principal timbers in the roof over the large Hall.

7. With the exception of the drainage of Hung Hom and Yaumati Police Stations, Sai-ying- poon and Yaumati Markets, the laying of a new floor in the Post Office, and the substitution of canvas for plaster ceilings in Queen's College, the expenditure under this heading of account has been mainly on miscellaneous repairs.

8. As regards the New Government Offices, the project has during the year assumed a more definite form, and it has been decided to reserve the sites on the New Reclamation in front of the City Hall for the erection of Supreme Court House, Law Offices, Land Office, and Offices for the Treasury, Public Works Department, and Registrar General's Department.

9. Maintenance of Telegraphs and Telephones.-The telegraph and telephone lines have been maintained in an efficient state of repair during the year. Iron poles have been substituted for wooden ones on the Stanley and Aberdeen lines. The project submitted in my report dated 3rd ✓ August, 1892, C.S.O., has now been completed, and it is anticipated that a reduction in the annual cost of maintenance will for some time to come be effected.

3137

10. The joint arrangement with the Eastern Extension and Great Northern Telegraph Companies, C.S.O. 14, whereby the Government telegraph and telephone lines going eastward are carried as far as North Point on the Companies' poles, has also been completed.

11. Public Cemetery.-The Public Cemetery has been maintained without involving any excep- tional expenditure. A further area to the north has been terraced and the repairs to the Chapel have been completed.

12. Maintenance of Praya Walls and Piers.-No work calling for any special mention has been carried out during the year under this heading.

13. Maintenance of Lighthouses. With the exception of the Gap Rock Lighthouse, no exceptional repairs or alterations have been made.

14. At the Gap Rock Lighthouse, iron shutters and strong wooden doors have been fitted to the exposed window and door openings in the Light-Keepers' Quarters, Tower and Water Tank.

Guns have been mounted to replace the fog signalling apparatus, and preparations are being made for the construction of a new Magazine.

On the 3rd January, 1895, Mr. MATTHEWS of Messrs. COODE SON & MATTHEWS visited the Gap Rock, and on the 10th of January reported to the Government.

This report was laid before Council, Sessional Paper No. 1 of 1895, and paragraph 34 contains the following opinion "that the north end of the Rock is the proper site for the Tower and that as "long as the Lighthouse and buildings remain in their present position, they will prove a source of

anxiety and expense."

196

15. Dredging Foreshore.-The dredger during the year has been at work for 221 days, mainly engaged in dredging operations at Causeway Bay.

The quantity of material dredged during the year amounted to 21,681 cubic yards, 19,855 cubic yards being deposited in the Reclamation and 1,826 outside Green Island.

16. It was necessary during the year to lay up the dredger for 82 days for repairs, the cost amounting to $5,022.84.

17. Miscellaneous Works.-The following are the more important works carried out under this heading, and expenditure thereon including outstanding liabilities, viz. :—

18. Removing silt from the Pokfulam reservoir.-Towards the end of the dry season, advantage was taken of the reservoir being nearly empty to remove a considerable quantity of silt at a cost of $766.19.

19. Retaining Walls, Glenealy Ravine.-C.S.O. 23. Owing to the slips that have taken place in the upper part of this ravine during recent years, it became necessary to build retaining walls to prevent further occurrences of this nature and consequent danger to the buildings in the immediate vicinity of the ravine. These have been completed at a cost of $4,425.80.

20. Boat Slip, Police Basin, Kowloon.-C.S.O. 138. Owing to the recent introduction of steam pinnaces for the use of the Harbour Police, some provision became necessary for landing them in a sheltered place during typhoons. This has now been afforded by the construction of a slipway in the Police basin at Kowloon at a cost of $1,919.87.

21. Retaining Wall, Inland Lot 509.-C.S.O. 2346. In accordance with the instructions of Government, the retaining wall on the southern boundary of Inland Lot 509, Seymour Road, which collapsed during the latter part of last year carrying with it the lower portion of the Seymour Road, has been rebuilt at a cost of $3,688.08.

22. Retaining Wall, Mount Gough Road.-A somewhat serious slip occurred during the typhoon of 1894 in the Mount Gough Road necessitating the construction of a retaining wall and concrete slope which has been completed at a cost of $965.27.

23. Jinrichshas Shelter at Kowloon.-C.S.O. 142. A jinrickshas shelter has been constructed in front of the Wharf and Godown Co.'s premises, Kowloon, for the accommodation of 10 jinrickshas, at a cost of $446.20.

24. Additions to the Reformatory.-C.S.O. 1833. In accordance with the instructions of Govern- ment, separate cell accommodation and cookhouse have been constructed in connection with the West Point Reformatory at a cost of $900.

25. Addition to Cape Collinson Lighthouse.-C.S.O. 133. Quarters for a European are in course of construction at Cape Collinson. Expenditure during 1895, $467.65.

26. Repairs to Taitam Filter Beds.-C.S.O. 2014. Early in the year, serious leaks developed themselves in these filter beds apparently owing to the settlement of the inverts. These were repaired at a cost of $1,503.03.

27. The Boundary Wall between Kowloon Marine Lot No. 10 and the Police Dock Compound-has been completed, C.S.Ö. 1337, at a cost of $806.99.

28. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in Victoria.-The work under this heading has been mainly confined to ordinary repairs.

The main thoroughfares on the lower levels have been surfaced with macadam where required, and the steep streets liable to damage in heavy rains repaired with concrete.

Six of the old timber bridges on the Kennedy Road have been removed and substituted by bridges constructed of iron rails and cement concrete.

The timber bridge near Wongneichong Village has been similarly treated.

29. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges out of Victoria.-With the exception of the repair and improvement of the Magazine Gap Road, Pokfulam Road to the Peak and Mount Parker Road, the work under this heading has been confined to ordinary repairs.

30. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in Kowloon.—The only works other than those of ordinary repairs done during the year were the forming, macadamizing, kerbing and channelling of Elgin Road, which had for some time been delayed pending the completion of the New Barracks, the concreting of the footways on the Praya and in Chater Street adjoining the Wharf and Godown Co.'s premises, and the substitution of a bridge constructed of wrought iron rails and concrete for one of the old timber bridges on the Hung Hom Road,

31. Maintenance of Water-works.--The water-works both in the City and Hill District have been maintained in a satisfactory condition.

32. The rainfall during the past year was the lowest on record, being only 45.84 inches, or a little more than one-half the average for the last 40 years.

33. It was found impossible to continue the constant supply during the whole of the year owing to the scarcity of water.

197

34. The following tabular statement shews the periods during which the intermittent system was introduced, the hours of supply, the average daily consumption and average consumption per head, per diem. (Population 195,000.)

Month.

Date.

Hours of Supply.

Average Daily Consumption.

Consumption per head per diem.

April

June

16th 3rd

6 A.M. to 9 A.M.

gallons. 1,500,816

gallons.

7.7

June

23rd

6 A.M. to 10 A.M.

July

1,883,500

9.7

4th

October

December

1st 31st

6 AM to 10 A.M.

1,823,250

9.4

35. The water in the Taitam Reservoir only attained a maximum level of 14 feet 6 inches below the sill of the old overflow during the year.

36. The quantity of water filtered at Taitam and Pokfulam Filters during the past year was 672,005,000 gallons and 191,625,000 gallons respectively, making a total of 863,630,000 gallons, equal to a consumption of 12.14 gallons per head, per diem, for all purposes. (Estimated population 195,000.)

One hundred and ten million seventy-four thousand gallons have been supplied by meter.

37. In addition to the above, 85,603,000 gallons have been supplied from the Wongneichong and Tai Hang streams (Blue Pool and Mint Dam) for trade purposes only.

38. I regret to have to report the work of detail inspection of house services has been consider- ably interrupted owing to the introduction of the intermittent system. However, 4,168 house services have been inspected, out of which 1,199 were found defective. The consumption in 425 houses was ascertained with the following results that the consumption exceeded the prescribed domestic quantity in 232 houses; on receipt of notice this was abated in 211 houses, and in the remaining 21 houses the services were disconnected.

39. Owing to the apparent excessive consumption of water in the Hill District, during the latter part of the year all services to houses in occupation in the Peak were metered in accordance with the provisions of section 3 of Ordinance 6 of 1895. C.S.O. 2483.

40. It has to be remembered that all the water supplied to the Hill District has to be pumped up through a height of about 1,600 feet, and though this is done at comparatively small cost by hydraulic machinery when the constant supply is maintained to the city, it involves considerable expenditure during the intermittent supply when recourse has to be had to steam power.

41. The number of meters fixed in the city is 211. In the Hill District 104. In Kowloon 4. 42. The Kowloon water-works were sufficiently advanced to admit of water being turned on to the public fountains in the villages of Yaumati and Hung Hom and in the lower levels of Tsimshatsui in July last, and a constant supply has been maintained since.

43. Applications for the construction of 131 new services and repairs to 436 existing ones, have been received.

44. Tabular statements giving information respecting the quantity of water in the reservoirs and that supplied to the several districts during the past year will be found in Appendices A., B. and C.

45. Diagrams shewing the hourly consumption of water during periods of 24 hours are attached. Appendix D.

46. The expenditure in connection with the maintenance of the water-works has been somewhat increased during the past year, owing to the necessity of using steam power for pumping water up to the Hill District, consequent on the introduction of the intermittent supply to the city.

47. Maintenance of Sewers.-The sewers and storm water drains have, as far as practicable, been maintained in a satisfactory condition without exceptional expenditure.

48. Some of the storm water drains require improvement and this is being carried out as the sewage from private premises is diverted from them."

49. It is satisfactory to note from the report of the Sanitary Surveyor to the Sanitary Board that considerable progress is being made towards remedying the defects in the drainage of private premises. As these are remedied and the sewage is diverted from the storm water drain, a considerable improve- ment in this branch of sanitation will doubtless result.

50. Street-Lighting.-The lighting of the city by gas and electricity, and of Kowloon Point and Yaumati by gas, has been satisfactorily carried out by the Gas and Electric Companies under their respective contracts.

198

51. The total number of gas lamps in the city, exclusive of 15 in the Cantonment, is 643, and the number of electric lights 75. The number of gas lamps at Kowloon Point and Yaumati is 84.

52. Maintenance of Public Recreation Ground. The Recreation Ground in Happy Valley has been maintained in a satisfactory condition at a small cost.

An iron railing has been erected along a portion of the western boundary replacing the dilapidated wooden one.

53. Maintenance of Kowloon Water-works. As the pumping machinery was not completed before the month of December, no expenditure under this heading of account appears during the year.

LAND SURVEY BRANCH.

54. During the past year, 16 land sales have taken place, the area sold being 134,734 square feet, the premium realized $125,344.50, and the annual Crown rent $1,160.

55. Extensious to 9 existing lots of a total area of 83,904 square feet have been granted, the premium realized $4,434.24, and the annual Crown rent $560.52.

56. By special agreement the owners have entered upon the reclamations in front of the following Marine Lots :-

No. 2,

No. 7,

Section.

Lot Number.

Arca.

Crown Rent.

square feet.

106

11,436

210

17,147

314

21,239

390

92 Sec. A.

6,794

124

92 Sec. J.

2,260

92 Sec. K.

2,260

92 Sec. L.

2,341

91 Sec. N.

2,421

91 Sec. M.

4,695

91 Sec. 4.

3,344

90 Sec. P.

1,658

90 Sec. R.

2,501

90 Sec. S.

2,488

90 Sec. U.

2,555

90 See. F. 104

2,728

34,727

638

120,594

2,212

57. Surveys have been made and boundaries corrected of 37 lots. Plans and particulars have been forwarded to the Land Office for the issue of 78 new leases.

58. Boundary stones have been fixed to define 31 lots.

59. Surveys have been made and plans prepared of the villages of Tsat Tsz Mui and Shui Tsing Wan.

60. Squatter's Licences.--As will be seen from the annexed return 1,510 licences have been issued during the year to persons holding land under this form of tenure.

The fees paid amount to $5,263.56.

Forty-four licences have been cancelled owing to the property being vacated by the occupiers. 61. Though I regret to have to report that much of the time of the Land Bailiff is taken up by attendance at the Police Court in proceeding against persons who obstinately refuse to pay the fees due until an order has been obtained from the Magistrate, it is satisfactory to be able to report that at the close of last year every holder of property had paid the fees for the current year and that all arrears to date had been collected or written off on account of leases having been issued or the property vacated, so that the year 1896 commences without any outstanding arrears in respect of such fees.

62. Every endeavour has been made during the year to collect all arrears, many of which unfor- tunately had been long outstanding.

The subject has been fully dealt with in C.S.O.'s 2632 and 2837.

63. Work under the Building Ordinance.-During the past year 14 plans for the erection of 98 European dwellings, 49 plans for the erection of 392 Chinese dwellings, besides 260 plans for mis- cellaneous structures, have been deposited under section 69, Ordinance 15 of 1889.

64. Certificates for 128 houses have been issued under section 53, Ordinance 15 of 1889, and permission has been granted to erect 37 verandahs and 17 piers over Crown land.

65. Notices have been issued to remove or repair dangerous structures in 20 instances, and 1,448 miscellaneous notices and permits have been issued.

66. Permits have been issued for the erection and repair of 54 monuments and enclosures in the Colonial cemetery, the fees for which amount to $169.

199

67. All plans deposited have been duly registered and numbered, and the register is complete to date.

PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.

68. Central Market. This building was completed and handed over to the Sanitary Board on the 30th of April, and the following is a general description of its structure and arrangement.

DESCRIPTION.

69. Site. The New Market is situated between the Queen's Road and Praya, and occupies a site in a central position in the City of Victoria bounded on the north by Jubilee Street, south by Queen Victoria Street, west by Queen's Road and east by Praya Central.

The total area of the site is 51,274 square feet, and that actually occupied by buildings exclusive of approaches and central avenue is 40,000 square feet.

70. Building. The foundations of the building which were of a somewhat heavy nature owing to the eastern portion being in reclaimed ground were commenced in May 1890, the contract for these included the necessary retaining walls along the western portions of Victoria and Jubilee Streets and along the Queen's Road frontage, and the main drains.

This contract was completed 31st August, 1891, and the granite base for the superstructure was then proceeded with, being completed in August, 1892.

71. The contract for the erection of the remaining portion of the building was entered into in the same month, and the construction of the internal fittings was entrusted to the contractor at a later period.

72. As will be seen from the plan and sections, the building consists of two blocks each two stories in height, the lower story having the main entrance from the Praya and the upper from Queen's Road. Side entrances are also provided from Victoria and Jubilee Streets.

Between the two blocks is a central avenue 20 feet in width, over this are constructed at each end Inspector's quarters.

The two blocks are connected by a covered way across the central avenue on each floor. 73. The walls of the building are of red brick with granite stone dressings.

74. The floors are of concrete finished in cement, the upper one being carried on cast iron columas and wrought iron girders with steel joists and corrugated steel decking, the cast iron work being obtained from Messrs. NEWTON CHAMBERS & Co., Sheffield, and the wrought iron work and steel from the HORSEHAY COMPANY, Shropshire.

75. The roof is of double pan and roll tiles carried by wrought iron trusses 12 feet apart and of 51 feet span, the purlins being of yacal timber 6" x 3" in section running longitudinally and placed 1'.9" apart.

76. The iron work for the roof was obtained from Messrs. COCHRANE & Co., Dudley.

77. Arrangement.--On the ground floor the southern block containing 46 shops is devoted to the wholesale dealers in fish and vegetable. The shops are 15'.6" x 12.0" with the exception of two of the fish shops which are 23′.9" x 12'.0"; four of those in the fish section being fitted with water tanks with water laid on to meet the requirements of the dealers in live fish.

78. The ground floor of the northern block containing 150 stalls 6'. 0" x 6'. 0" is devoted to the dealers in fish, vegetables and pork, each section containing 50 stalls; 20 of the fish stalls are fitted with water tanks. The vegetable stalls are fitted with tiers of receding shelves and the pork stalls with iron rails and hooks.

79. The upper floor of the southern block contains 46 shops 19'. 0" × 12′. 0", 20 of which are devoted to the sale of fruit and 26 to that of beef and mutton, the latter being fitted with iron rails and hooks.

80. The upper floor of the northern block contains 46 shops of the above dimensions, all of which are devoted to the sale of poultry.

81. Shops and Stalls.-The shops and stalls except the fittings above mentioned are constructed of wood fitted into iron sockets in the floor, the woodwork being kept 3 inches above the floor to admit of the latter being thoroughly washed.

82. Gallery.-Round the building immediately above the shops and stalls is constructed a light gallery admitting of the windows being readily opened and closed.

83. Ventilation.-Ventilation is provided for on the ground floor by air inlets near the floor level and windows, and on the upper floor by similar air inlets, windows and louvre in the roof.

84. Lighting. As the market is open from 4 a.m. to 8 p.m. some means of artificial light was required, and a contract was entered into with the Electric Co. to carry out the necessary installation and supply the current from the mains in Queen's Road and the Praya.

The installation consists of 43 incandescent lamps of 50 candle-power each, 37 of 32 candle- power, and 12 of 16 candle-power, making a total of 92 lamps with an aggregate candle-power of 3,526.

The three sections of the market having central avenues are lit by a single row of 50 candle- power lamps spaced 24 feet apart.

200

The fourth section with side avenues is lit by a double row of 32 candle-power lamps placed 8 feet on each side of the centre line of the section; these are spaced 18 feet apart.

The central avenue is lit by three 50 candle-power lamps controlled by separate switches.

The three central lights in the block on the ground floor are controlled by a separate switch, so that they can be turned on as pilot lights if required.

The other lamps including those in the entrance are divided into ten sections, each controlled by a switch.

The lamps are placed about 14 feet above the floor level.

The current is reduced from 2,000 to 100 volts on entering the premises, and the consumption with all the lamps turned on is about 11.2 Board of Trade units per hour.

85. Completion. The building was completed and opened on the 1st of May last, the total cost being:-

Site, Foundation,

Superstructure and fittings,

.$158,058.00

•

....

$ 35,988.54 $220,262.06

$258,000.00

.$ 1,749.40

Total,.........

$416,058.00

Electric Light Installation.....

86. At the instance of the Sanitary Board, scalding and plucking rooms have since been added over the central portion of the passage between the two blocks at a cost of $2,068, C.S.O. 13. These were completed and handed over to the Sanitary Board on the 5th of December last.

87. Erection of the Queen's Statue. C.S.O. 2559.-This work has been proceeded with on the site reserved for it in Wardley Street on the New Reclamation. The foundations were completed early in the year, but, owing to the impossibility of completing the superstructure before the typhoon season commenced, it was considered advisable to delay this portion of the work which is now being proceeded with.

88. Improvement, Recreation Ground, Happy Valley.-No expenditure has been incurred under this heading during the past year.

89. The extension of the present ground to meet the growing requirements of the Colony has, however, been decided upon, C.S.O. 1998, and it is hoped that the work of rendering the area known as the Bowrington Gardens available for recreation will be shortly taken in hand.

90. Slaughter-house and Sheep and Pig Depôts.--To meet the convenience of the dealers who applied for further accommodation for unbasketting the pigs, it was decided, C.S.O. 79, to erect an additional shed on the vacant ground to the east of the existing sheds.

18951

This work was commenced in August last, and the shed, occupying an area of 6,000 square feet

in communication with the depôt, is nearing completion.

91. Gaol Extension.-The new buildings in Old Bailey have been completed and were handed over to the Superintendent of the Gaol on the 20th December, C.S.O. 328.

92. These buildings consist of two main blocks three stories in height having basements under the northern portions.

The blocks contain 155 separate cells and are connected by a covered way.

In the basements ample store and bath-room accommodation has been provided.

93. A portion of the site has been utilised for the erection of a workshop and workshed with store room adjoining.

94. The whole of the site is surrounded by a high masonry wall, and communication with the existing Gaol premises situated on the east side of Old Bailey has been provided by the construction of a subway under Old Bailey.

95. Gas and water have been laid on at convenient places throughout the premises.

96. New Water Mains.-The completion of the distribution mains at Kennedy Town have been carried out during the year.

97. In October last, contracts were entered into for the construction of covered service reservoirs * at Kennedy Town and Wanchai.

The former was let to Mr. KAN ON, C.S.O. 28, and the latter to Mr. HUI YAU, Confidential C.S.O.. Both works have been commenced.

The capacity of the Kennedy Town reservoir is 340,000 gallons, and top water level 210 feet■ above Ordnance Datum.

The capacity of the Wanchai reservoir is 190,000 gallons, and top water level 251 feet above Ordnance Datum.

98. Sewerage, City of Victoria.-The sewers, in the Eastern District, with the exception of the intercepting syphon with which it is not proposed at present to proceed, and those at Kennedy Town have been completed.

201

99. Water Supply, Kowloon.The works described in my report of the 30th of June, 1892, Sessional Paper No. 8, with the addition of a reservoir at Hung Hom and a clear water tank at Yaumati, as suggested by Mr. OSBERT CHADWICK, C.M.G., to whom the project was referred, have been completed, with the exception of the Pumping Stations Buildings. These are, however, far advanced, and the laying of mains in Mongkok Tsui awaits the carrying out of the project for the continuation of Station Street, Yaumati.

100. The sources of supply are three valleys situated north of the village of Yaumati.

In these, wells have been sunk, and puddle dams constructed across their outlets to prevent the escape of subsoil waters.

101. In the valleys exists a considerable depth of sandy deposit washed down from the hills, in this are laid open jointed pipes conducting the water to the wells.

From the wells the water is conveyed by cast iron inverted syphons laid along the roads constructed in connection with this project to the clear water tank at Yaumati from which it is pumped to the reservoir on the hill north of the Rifle Range and through the distributing mains to the reservoir at Hung Hom.

102. The following particulars respecting these works will be useful for reference :--

Top water level.

Feet above Ordnance Datum.

Capacity. gallons.

Per foot.

Total.

Clear Water Tank, Yaumati,

13,540

148,000

12.5

Reservoir, Yaumati,

10,850

162,600

215.0

Reservoir, Hung Hom,

9,290

92,850

160.0

Length of rising main from Pumping Station to Yaumati reservoir 1,170 feet, diameter 7 inches.

Level of overflow,

feet above Ordnance Datum.

Level of bottom of suction pipe, feet above Ordnance Datum.

Valley No. 1,

Valley No. 2,

Valley No. 3,

36.25

26.0

36.25

11.6

47.75

35.16

103. Two triple expansion surface-condensing engines and pumps have been installed in the Pumping Station at Yaumati.

These engines are of the duplicate Worthington type supplied by Messrs. SIMPSOx & Co. of Pimlico; the following are the more important dimensions:-

Diameter of H. P. Cylinder,

of I. P.

of L. P. of Pump

6 inches.

Duplicate Pump Displacement per inch of length of revolution = 0.1688 gallons, or say 2 gallons per foot. Speed 100 feet per minute. Displacement per hour 12,000 gallons.

104. Steam is supplied by two boilers of the locomotive type manufactured by Messrs. MARSHALL & Co. of Gainsborough.

The following are the particulars of these boilers :-

Grate Area,.....

Heating Surface, Steam Capacity, Water Capacity,

Working Pressure,.

4.597 square feet. 94.58

6.5 cube feet.

19.9

...100 lbs. per square inch.

105. The distributing mains have been laid throughout Yaumati, Kowloon Point and Hung Hom, and 70 fountains of the Madras pattern have been fixed. The work was sufficiently advanced to admit of water being turned on to most of the fountains on the 10th of June last, since which date the supply has been practically constant.

106. The Pumping Machinery was started on the 24th of December, and water has been delivered under pressure since that date.

202

107. The supply of water obtainable from these works is during the dry season very limited; it is therefore necessary that the utmost economy should be exercised as to its use. With this object in view, Ordinance No. 1895 was passed by the Legislative Council conferring power on the Water Authority to meter all private services and charge for the water consumed by measurement.

108. It is a matter of considerable importance that this step was taken before any private services had been connected with the main and the complaints and dissatisfaction consequent on a subsequent change of policy avoided.

109. There can be little doubt that in native villages the supply obtainable from public fountains meets all reasonable requirements, and in those districts in which European houses exist private services can be constructed and water laid on at comparatively a small cost, whilst the meter system will no doubt check the waste and misuse of water so likely to exist and so difficult to stop without such a system.

3000 894

110. Taitam Water-works Extension.-C.S.O.'s 1999 and 1888. This project, which included the raising of the main embankment of the Taitam Reservoir 12 feet 6 inches, and the overflow weir 10 feet, increasing the storage capacity of the reservoir to 390,000,000 gallons, has been proceeded with. The work on the main embankment is nearly completed, and the overflow weir has been raised 5 feet, at which level it is proposed to leave it until after the rainy season has commenced.

111. The construction of the clear water channel along the western side of the reservoir, across the bye-wash channel and down the western side of the gauge basin into which it discharges, is in progress.

112. The construction of a catchwater, intercepting the flow of water from the hillside to the east of the reservoir and conducted into the reservoir, is in progress.

113. Owing to the experience of last rainy season when the yield of the present catchment area. of the Taitam reservoir was insufficient to meet the daily requirements of the City of Victoria and fill the reservoir, it was considered desirable to at once extend the catchment area by the construction of this catchwater contouring the hillside at an elevation of about 600 feet above sea level.

It has been completed over a length of 2,938 lineal feet increasing the catchment area by 80 acres, and the work of extending it a further 5,200 lineal feet to a point on the eastern side of Mount Parker is in hand.

On the completion of this work, the catchment area of the reservoir will be increased by 220 acres, making the total area 900 acres.

Within this additional area are situated some perennial streams which will be intercepted. increasing not only the flow into the reservoir during the rainy season but also that during the dry

season.

114. Extension of MacDonnell and Austin Roads, Kowloon.-C.S.O. 13. I am glad to be able to report that this work has now been completed and has materially improved the communication between Kowloon Point and the village of Yaumati.

1240

Considerable difficulty was experienced with this contract owing to the dilatory manner in which the contractor proceeded with the work, who, as reported in C.S.O. 18, ultimately gave it up. Arrangements were then made for its completion by the contractor for the annual maintenance and repair of roads in Kowloon, who has carried out the remaining work in a satisfactory manner.

115. Kowloon Cattle Depôt.-C.S.O. 255. This work has been completed and was handed over to the Sanitary Board on the 20th of December, C.S.O. 1939.

116. The Depôt is situated on the Hung Hom Road in close proximity to the Kowloon slaughter- house, and consists of a lair shed providing accommodation for 112 head of cattle, a Fodder Shed, Offices and Coolie Quarters.

The premises which occupy an area of 9,140 square feet are enclosed by a brick boundary wall. 117. Village Water and Drainage Works.-The projects carried out during the year under this heading have been :-

In the Peak District,-

Extension of Outfall, Aberdeen Road,

Outfall, Stewart Terrace,

Total,..

$ 530.72 267.65

$ 798.37

In Kowloon,-

Sewerage and Drainage of Granville, Carnarvon, Elgin, and

MacDonnell and Austin Roads, Contracts, 3, 33 and 33,...$6,675.90 Sewerage, Drainage and Miscellaneous Work, Taikoktsui

Village, Contract,

Miscellaneous,

4,751.84

216.41

$11,644.15

Total,

In Sundry Villages,-

Sewerage and Drainage,

487.51

203

118. On the expiration of the term of maintenance in respect of contracts Nos. 2 and 3 and 2, further sums of $434.39 and $571.57 and $1,451.14 are due.

951

119. Isolation Hospital.-In accordance with the recommendation of the Medical Committee, steps have been taken to replace the temporary matshed hospital in the grounds of the Government Civil Hospital by a permanent building.

167

120. This project, C.S.O. 18, includes the construction of a one-storied building, providing accommodation for 8 beds in the general ward overlooked by the attendants' room, and for 4 beds in two private wards.

The building is surrounded by a verandah, off which is provided the necessary lavatory and bath- room accommodation.

In a separate building to the west of the main block and connected with it by a covered way, the necessary Servants' Quarters, Kitchens, Wash-house, Disinfecting room and Mortuary are provided.

A contract was entered into with Mr. KANG ON for the erection of the buildings in December, C.S.O. 2833, and the work has been commenced.

121. Central Police Station Additional Quarters.-C.S.O. 1942. This project includes the erection of a drying room and additional bathroom accommodation on the south side of the barracks, and the erection of four blocks of buildings, (on the vacant site at the corner of Arbuthnot Road and Wyndham Street) providing accommodation for 3 married inen and 1 single man, out-offices and stabling for 3 horses.

The drying room and bathroom accommodation have been completed.

A contract was entered into with Mr. A Hoк, C.S.O. 1, for the erection of the quarters in August last, and the work has made satisfactory progress.

122. Signalling Station and Lines of Communication with same.-This project includes, as recom- mended by the Signalling Committee:--

(a) The erection of a Signalling Station on Blackhead's Hill, Kowloon, in telephonic communi- cation with the Wharf and Godown Co.'s premises at Kowloon.

(b) The construction of telephonic communication between Cape D'Aguilar Lighthouse and the Eastern Extension Telegraph Co.'s Office.

(c) The removal of the telegraph instrument in communication with the Gap Rock Lighthouse from the Post Office to the Eastern Extension Telegraph Co.'s Office.

(d) Placing the Eastern Extension Telegraph Office in telephonic communication with the Harbour Office and the Wharf and Godown Co.'s premises at Kowloon.

123. The Signalling Station buildings, comprising Quarters for the Officer in charge, Flag room and Coolie Quarters were erected by Mr. KANG ON under contract, C.S.O. 1933, and the Flag-staff, 65 feet in height, lower mast of steel, top mast and yard of Oregon pine, with all necessary gearing, was erected by the Dock Co., C.S.O. 1984

1895

124. The above works were completed and handed over to the Harbour Department on the 16th of December, C.S.O. 188.

125. The additions and alterations to the lines of communication have been completed depart- "mentally in conjunction with the Manager of the Eastern Extension Telegraph Co.

SUPPLEMENTARY WORKS.

126. Taipingshan Improvement.-This project dealt with in a special report dated 22nd March, 1895, Sessional Paper, was discussed at a meeting of Legislative Council on the 6th June, 1895, and adopted, the Honourable E. R. BELILIOS, C.M.G., only dissenting.

127. Contracts have been entered into for the construction of the necessary storm water drain in Hollywood Road, Station Street, Taipingshan Street and Tannery Lane, and for the construction of the retaining wall and other works at the junction of Pound Lane and Taipingshan Street.

The former was let to Mr. KANG ON in October last, C.S.O. 238, and the latter to Messrs. CHAN A TONG & Co. in November last, C.S.O. 778, and the works are being proceeded with.

18951

1895

128. Kennedy Town Hospital.-C.S.O. 28. Early in the year, additions were made to the Kennedy Town Hospital and Plague Cemetery, consisting of the erection of store, covered way, retaining walls and iron railings. Areas were concreted for the erection of further accommodation of a temporary nature if required.

129. Further areas in the Plague Cemetery were prepared for the preparation of graves, and a road constructed from the Hospital to the cemetery.

130. Plague Account.-The expenditure under this heading has been incurred in connection with interments in the Plague Cemetery during the year.

131. Salisbury Road, Kowloon.-C.S.O. 2949. A contract has been entered into with Mr. TSANG KENG for the construction of this road, which, I regret to have to report, is only progressing slowly.

204

GENERAL.

132. The settlement of the Taipingshan Resumption claims occupied a good deal of the time, of some of the officers of this department.

These were, however, settled in March last and formed the subject of special report dated 6th March, Sessional Paper No. }.

133. The building material in the following houses, resumed under the Taipingshan Resumption Ordinance of 1894, above ground level, has been sold at public auction, viz. :—

Taipingshan Street, 2-32 even Nos. ; 36-46 even Nos.

East Street, 52-69.

Square Street, 2-26 even Nos.; 50-76 even Nos.; 57-71 odd Nos.

Market Street, 22-26 even Nos. ; 43-55 odd Nos.

Tannery Lane, 1-9.

Wai Yan Lane, 1-7.

José Lane, 1-7.

Bridges Street, 21-43 odd Nos.

Kat Cheung Lane, 1-8.

Tank Lane, 2.

Upper Station Street, 28-32 even Nos.; 37-41 odd Nos.; 25-33 odd Nos.

Caine Lane, 13-27 odd Nos.

Taiping Lane, 1-15.

Sui Hing Lane, 1-7.

Pound Lane, 5, 7, and 6A.

Station Street, 2-10 even Nos.; 3-7 odd Nos.

The total amount realised being $3,170.

134. Surveys have been made and plans prepared in connection with various projects, the following of which are the more important :-

Improvement, Recreation Ground, Happy Valley, C.S.O. 1990.

Extension of Water Works, C.S.O.'s 3000 and 33

Public Latrines, C.S.O. 1638

Aberdeen Water Supply, C.S.O. 666.

Aberdeen Sewerage.

Shaukiwan Water Supply.

Shaukiwan Sewerage.

and $399.

* Taikok Tsui Improvement Works, C.S.O. 188.

167

Isolation Hospital, C.S.O. 1.

Extension of Streets, Kennedy Town, C.S.O. 18.

*Extension of Station Street North Kowloon and Streets at Mongkoktsui, C.S.O. P.

Saiyingpoon Market, C.S.O. ?.

i**.

2412

+Shaukiwan Market Extension, C.S.O. 118.

* Shaukiwan Slaughter House, C.S.O..

601

Powder Magazine, C.S.O. .

*Central Police Station Additional Qarters, C.S.O. 14. Storm Water Drain, Wing Fung Street, C.S.O. 2. Salisbury Road, Kowloon, C.S.Ö. 2:39.

2040

Improvement of Elgin Road, Kowloon. Taipingshan Improvement, C.S.O. 7.

755 1895.

2051

†Training Nullahs for Washing Purposes, C.S.O. 1993.

Signalling Station, C.S.O. 79.

2470

2552

+ Cattle Depôt, Kowloon, C.S.O. 13.

2612

New Harbour Office, C.S.O. 1.

Road from Victoria Gap to Mount Kellet Road, C.S.O. Observation Lairs, Kennedy Town and Yaumati, C.S.O.

2261

Construction of covered Service Reservoir, Bowen Road, C.S.O. HH.

135. The preparation of plans, &c., for the following projects are receiving attention :---

1312

Laundry, Government Civil Hospital, C.S.O. 1399.

Western Market Reconstruction and Extension.

Fish Market, Praya Central.

New Police Stations, City of Victoria Eastern and Western Districts, C.S.O. 2914. Government Offices, C.S.O.

2612

Extension of Water Works, City of Victoria.

* Approved by Legislative Council.

† Approved by Sanitary Foard.

205

Several of the foregoing projects are very important and, though entered in the Estimates for 1896, I regret that the Government have been unable at present to approve of any expenditure being incurred in connection with some of them.

136. During the year, sites in the villages situated in the Kowloon Peninsula have been allotted, as approved in C.S.O., for the erection of pig sties. The residents readily availed themselves of these, and a marked improvement in the sanitation of these villages has resulted.

137. The insanitary settlement known as the Coffee Plantation has been removed, C.S.O. 1. 138. A portion of the reclamation north of Tai Hang Village has been laid out in building lots granted subject to special conditions to squatters of some years' standing, who are desirous of improv- ing their dwellings, C.S.O. 1998.

2009

139. Information concerning the occupation of Crown land in British Kowloon has been collected, tabulated and forwarded to the Secretary of the Squatters' Board, together with the plans of the villages.

140. Arrangements were made in July last for the carrying out of works in connection with the drainage of private premises by this department on receipt of a requisition signed by the owners of the property, C.S.O. 19.

1641

An enlarged plan of the City of Victoria to a scale of 60 feet to one inch shewing all the private lanes and drainage works recently executed is nearly completed.

141. Stores.-Early in the year, a complete stock-taking was made of all the stores in charge of the Department, and a new inventory amalgamating those previously in charge of the Public Works Department and the Water and Drainage Department has been made.

142. Expenditure --The expenditure on account of Establishment and Annually Recurrent Works will be found in detail in Appendix E, and that on account of Extraordinary Public Works in Appen- dix F.

143. A general statement of expenditure and clerical work (other than that of a purely depart- mental nature) will be found in Appendix J, from which it will be seen, especially as regards references from the Colonial Secretary, that a material increase in the correspondence has taken place.

PRAYA RECLAMATION WORKS.

144. Section No. 1, Eastern portion.--On the 21st February, 1892, Contract No. 18 was signed with TSANG KENG for the completion of the upper portion of the sea wall above the concrete blocks, constructing storm water drains, filling and reclaiming the land, forming, channelling, concreting roads, footpaths, &c. During the year 1895, 1,770 cubic yards of rubble stone have been laid in embankment and backing of sea wall, 70,662 cubic yards of earth deposited in reclamation, 1.249 cubic yards of cement concrete laid in backing of sea wall, and 684 cubic yards of lime concrete laid in backing of storm water drains, 33,525 cubic feet of granite ashlar set in Portland cement mortar in sea wall and storm water drain, 4,177 cubic feet of old wall (parapets of nullah) taken down and rebuilt, 1,100 lineal feet of stoneware pipe drains 9" and 12" in diameter laid, 166,500 square feet of roads and footpaths formed and 1,541 lineal feet of curbs and channels laid.

The work under this contract has been carried on in a dilatory manner. The contractor being 72 days over the contract time and there is still a large quantity of work to be done.

145. Section No. 2.-Contract No. 13 was made with TSANG KENG on the 14th July, 1892, for the construction of the upper portion of the sea wall, above the concrete blocks, storm water drains, filling in and reclaiming the land, forming and concreting the roads, footpaths, &c. The work under this contract was suspended on the 23rd February, 1895, with a view to laying the sewerage pipe, gas and water mains and to allow building operations to be commenced on Marine Lots 93 and 94, permission to do so having been granted to the Crown Lessees, C.S.O. 14, and the work cannot be resumed until the buildings now being erected on the reclaimed land are completed. The work executed during the months of January and February was 1,724 cubic yards of earth filled in reclamation, 3,457 square feet of curb and side channels laid.

2215

146. Section No. 3.--Work done departmentally, C.S.O. 7318. A portion of the rubble stone foundations of sea wall on a length of 142 feet was levelled and the upper surface on a width of 14 feet covered with a layer of cement concrete 4 inches thick to form a bed for the first course of blocks, and a portion of the rubble stone foundations of sea wall on a length of 189 feet was loaded with concrete blocks, weighing about 22 tons per lineal foot of foundations.

During the low tides of May, June, July, August and September, 142 lineal feet of first course of concrete blocks, and 906 lineal feet of second course, containing together 37,700 cubic feet of concrete and granite ashlar, were set and the beds and joints run solid and flush in Portland cement, 170 cubic yards of rubble stone backing of first course of blocks were built by the divers and the outer slope of the rubble stone foundations on a length of 200 feet was shaped and trimmed by them.

147. Contract No. 23 was made with TSANG KENG on the 4th March, 1895, for the completion of the upper portion of the sea wall above the concrete blocks, constructing storm water drains, reclaiming the land, forming, channelling, concreting the roads, footpaths, &c. The work under

206

this contract has so far been carried on in a dilatory and unsatisfactory manner; the contract was accepted by the Government on the 17th January, but the contract was not signed until the 4tlı March, one month and 18 days after the date of acceptance; and during the remaining portion of the year, only 7,616 cubic yards of rubble stone laid in foundations, backing of concrete blocks and sea wall, 28,995 cubic yards of earth and brick rubbish deposited in reclamations, 12,444 cubic feet of granite ashlar in sea wall and storm water drains, 640 cubic yards of cement and lime concrete, backing of sea wall and storm water drains, 550 lineal feet of stoneware pipe drains 15" in diameter and 257 lineal feet of stoneware pipe drains 12" and 9" in diameter have been laid. The whole representing less than one fourth of the work included in this contract.

148. Section No. 4.-Contract No. 25 was made with TSANG KENG on the 2nd April, 1895, for the construction of the rubble stone foundations of sea wall and embankment, the whole to be completed on or before the 31st January, 1896; 97,760 cubic yards of rubble stone have been deposited in place to the 31st December, leaving about 21,700 cubic yards still to be supplied; and the upper surface and foreshore levelled and trimmed.

149. Contract No. 34 was made with TSANG KENG on the 9th November, for the construction of 912 lineal feet of storm water drain in Po Yan Street, Hollywood Road and Queen's Road, to divert the large drain which discharges the storm waters into the Harbour, at the eastern end of the said Section. A large quantity of stone has been cut for this work, but the excavations of the trenches for the new drains have not yet been commenced.

150. Section No. 6.--Contract No. 32 made with KWONG CHEONG on the 5th September, 1895, for the construction of a temporary timber wharf on the western side of Pottinger Street was com- pleted in a satisfactory manner, and the wharf opened to traffic on the 12th November last.

151. A temporary embankment for the landing of cargo, &c., has been formed between Marine Lots 10A and 103, containing 5,459 cubic yards of earth. C.S.O. 1985.

152. Sections Nos. 6 and 7.-Eastern and Western portions.-Contract No. 20 was made with TSANG KENG on the 11th April, 1894, for the construction of the rubble stone foundations of sea wall (on a length of 968 feet), landing piers at the bottom of Pottinger Street and Pedder's Street, storm water drains and a portion of the embankment at the western end of the Reclamations; the work to be completed on the 31st January, 1895; during the year 1894, 95,068 cubic yards and in 1895, 36,984 cubic yards of rubble stone were deposited in place; the work is, however, still unfinished, some 1,200 or 1,300 cubic yards being required for its completion.

153. Contract No. 22 was made with YAU KUNG CHEUNG on the 11th December, 1894, for the construction of 2,169 lineal feet of storm water drains in D'Aguilar Street, Queen's Road, Pedder's Street, Old Praya, &c. The work under this contract was carried on with dispatch and the whole completed in a satisfactory and workmanlike manner on the 15th June, 1895.

154. Contract No. 27 was made with CHAN A-TONG on the 21st May, for levelling, trimming, concreting the upper surface of the rubble stone foundations of sea wall and forming bed for con- crete blocks on a length of 884 feet; constructing storm water drains and backing the first course of concrete blocks with rubble stone; comprising:--987 cubic yards of rubble stone, 315 cubic yards of concrete, 5,198 cubic feet of granite ashlar and 815 lineal feet of stoneware drain-pipes; the whole being completed in a fairly satisfactory manner on the 15th November.

155. Contract No. 28, made with TSANG KENG on the 5th June, 1895, for the erection of a temporary timber wharf opposite the lower end of Wardley Street, containing 3,340 cubic feet of timber, was completed in a satisfactory and workmanlike manner, and the wharf opened to traffic on the 14th October.

1059

741

156. Contract No. 21 of 1894, C.S.O. 1854, and extension, C.S.O. ; under this contract, 77,822 cubic yards of earth have been excavated, filled into the Hopper Barges and deposited by them in these reclamations below Ordnance Datum, and 17,355 cubic yards of spoil from dredger have also been deposited in these reclamations below Ordnance Datum.

157. Government Piers.-The rubble stone foundations of Pottinger Street, Pedder's Street, and Murray Road Piers, containing 25,200 cubic yards of rubble stone, have been completed, except a portion of the foreshore and upper surface of the rubble stone between the Pedder's Street piers. The foundations of the piers at the bottom of Pottinger and Pedder's Streets are included in contract No. 20, and the pier at the bottom of Murray Road was constructed by CHAN A-TONG under contract No. 30 dated 2nd July and completed on the 4th November, 1895.

The upper surface of the rubble stone foundations of the piers have been roughly levelled, the upper surface of the Pottinger Street pier reformed, trimmed, concreted and 219 cubic yards of Concrete Blocks set thereon.

158. Making and Setting Concrete Blocks.---Contract No. 24 made with YAU KUNG CHEUNG on the 24th February, 1895, for forming, levelling and constructing floor of Block Yard, containing 9,310 square feet of lime concrete 4" thick, 1,047 square yards of rendering upper surface in cement; and for the manufacture of 1,000 concrete blocks, containing 3,670 cubic yards of cement concrete and 15,641 cubic feet of granite ashlar external facing of the said Blocks; the whole being completed in a very satisfactory and workmanlike manner on the 23rd August, and on the 10th September this

207

contract was extended, C.S.O., for the manufacture of 1,500 additional concrete blocks, of which 601 have been made, containing 2,309 cubic yards of cement concrete and 9,887 cubic feet of granite ashlar external facing of the said blocks.

159. Setting Concrete Blocks.--This has been done departmentally, C.S.O. . The larger portion of the blocks were set during the low tides of May, June, July and August. Section No. 3, Blocks containing 1,335 cubic yards; sections Nos. 6 and 7, 1,046 cubic yards; and Pottinger Street Pier, 219 cubic yards, making a total of 2,600 cubic yards of Blocks set during the year under review.

160. Plant. The whole of the plant has been maintained in a good state of repair without in- volving any extraordinary expenditure.

161. Work Executed.-Appendix G is a general statement of the several quantities of work executed in the more important items to the 31st December, 1894, and during the year under review.

Appendix G is a statement of the quantity of materials used in the manufacture of the concrete block, and the cubical contents of the blocks set to the 31st December, 1894, and during the year under review.

The

162. Accounts.--Appendix H is a statement of accounts to the 31st December, 1895. outstanding liabilities amount to $80,400, due to the Crown Agents, and on account of the monies retained pending the completion of the terms of maintenance under the several contracts in progress during the year.

STAFF.

163. I regret to have to record the death of Mr. DONALD FRASER from dysentery which occurred at the Government Civil Hospital on the 16th October last. Mr. FRASER joined the department in March, 1890, and acted as overseer in connection with the erection of the Gap Rock Lighthouse, the New Central Market and the Taitam Reservoir Extension Works.

1719

164. Mr. CHAN FAN, clerk, resigned on the 23rd of June, C.S.O. 1, having been appointed Secretary to the Chai On Marine Insurance Company.

165. The following appointments have been made during the year, viz. :-

Mr. I. A. Wheal,

Name.

Office.

Mr. P. Julyan,

Clerk,

Overseer,

Mr. Leung Lan Fan,

....Clerk,.

Mr. Wong A Fat,

Mr. C. E. Warren,.......

..Temporary Tracer, ...Overseer,

Mr. J. Sampson,..

.Temporary Surveyor,

Date.

Authority.

1283

1719

1st January,......C.S.O. 1894. 3rd June, .........C.S.O. 133. .24th June, ...............C.S.O. 1!?. ...17th July, .........C.S.O. . .15th November,...C.S.O. 3. 2nd December, ...C.S.O. 93.

663

1895. 2927

166. The following officers have been granted vacation and half-pay leave of absence exceeding

one week's duration :-

Mr. R. F. Drury,

Mr. D. Wood,

Mr. J. Wildey,

Name.

Mr. G. J. W. King,

Mr. Li Fook,

Mr. D. Haywood,

Mr. A Yam,..

*Mr. J. R. Crook,

*Mr. W. F. Bamsey, Mr. C. C. Malsch,

....

Mr. Leung Lan Fan,

Mr. Li King-pan,

Period. ..14 days,

9 months,

..12 months,

1 month, 1 month, 6 months,

.21 days,

1 month.

..10 days,

.....

...12 months,

...11 days,

...14 days,

NOTE. In these cases leave not to be counted against officers.

Authority. C.S.O. 1.

1895.

.C.S.O. 193.

..C.S.O. 7.

1895.

.C.S.O. 1633.

2979

.C.S.O. 23.

2282

.C.S.O. 1. .C.S.O. 4. ..C.S.O. 4.

2459 189

2534

.C.S.O.. .C.S.O. 1. C.S.O. 3938.

3137

.C.S.O. 113.

167. In addition to the foregoing, I regret to have to report that the total number of days on which officers have been absent on account of sickness amount to 439.

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY.

I have the honour to be, Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

FRANCIS A. COOPER,

Member of the Institute of Civil Engineers, Fellow of the Sanitary Institute and Member of the Association of Municipal and County Engineers,

Director of Public Works.

Name of Village.

RETURN OF SQUATTERS' LICENCES, 1895.

1895.

Paid.

Outstanding.

No.

Amount. No. Amount.

208

Writen off in respect of 1894.

C.S.O. 1893.

Arrears in 1894.

Paid in 1895.

Total

No.

No. Amount.

No.

Amount.

No.

Amount.

Written off in respect of 1895.

C.S.O. 2892

1895*

No. Amount.

Total Outstanding, 31st December, 1895.

No. Amount.

Ah Kung Ngam,

Ap-fi-chau,

Causeway Bay,

0.96

373.74

6.09

Bowrington,

Caroline Hill,

Chai Wan,

Coffee Plantation,

Chung Hom Bay, Deep Water Bay,

Fuk Tsun Heung,

•

10.92

55.91

25.00

9.32

•

1.87

71.33

2.40

•

2.40

2.66

2.82

220.59

11.33

Fo Pang,

53.91

0.07

- 16

0.07

11.33

0.07

Fui Iu, E. of Aplichau,

25.66

Fui Iu, S. of Aplichau,.

10.66

Hok Tsui,

0.86

0.48

0.86

Ho Mun Tin,.

120.23

Hok Yuen,.

115

297.09

0.60

116

0.48

0.60

··

Hau Pui Loong,

33.83

Ho Pui,

3.75

Hung Hom, West,

218.14

Kai Lung Wan,

11.16

6.00

Kau Pui Shek,

55.17

11.52

6.00

11.52

•

Kennedy Town,.

39.79

Kwat Tsun Loong,

1.13

•

Kwo Lo Wan,

49.11

Ka Shui Wan,

1.87

Little Hongkong,

7.88

Ma Tau Chung,.

165.38

3.34

2.24

3.34

•

Ma Tau Kok,

69.97

Ma Tau Wei,

129

196.58

4.66

135

0.37

4.66

Ma Ti,

Mong Kok,

Mong Kok Tsui,

Ma Kong,

Pak Shui Wan,

140.53

0.56

•

121.74

1,241.81

0.75

Pok-fu-lam

9.55

11.34

Quarry Bay,

1.00

Sandy Bay,

Shallow Water Bay,

1.75

Carried forward,

934

3,662.26

19.33 955

37.26

33.45

3.81

19.33

Name of Village.

Brought forward,

Shau-Ki-Wan, East,

Shau-Ki-Wan, West,

Shek 'O,.

Shek Shan,

Shui Ching Wan,

Stanley,.. San Shan, Tai Hang,

Tai Kok Tsui, Tai Min Tin,. Tai Shek Ku, Tại Shu Wang Telegraph Bay, To Kwa Wan, Tong Po Island, Tsat Tsz Mui, Tso Pai,.

Tsim Sha Tsui,. Tung Lo Wan,

Tytam,

Tytam Tuk,

The Peak,

Victoria, City of

Wong Nei Chung,

Wong Kok Tsui,

Wong Ma Kok,..

Wong Tsuk Hang,

Yau Ma Ti,

RETURN OF SQUATTERS' LICENCES, 1895.-Continued.

1895.

Arrears in 1894:

Paid in 1895.

Paid.

Outstanding.

Total

No.

Written off in respect of 1894. C.S.O. 1983.

Written off in respect of 1895.

C.S.O. 2692

1895

Total Outstanding, 31st December, 1895.

No.

Amount. No. Amount.

No. Amount.

No.

Amount.

No. Amount.

934

3.662.26

19.33

955

229

37.26

33.45

3.81 21

19.33

0.69

0.66

0 60

3.96

15.75

1.00

2.34

1.34

1.00

62.37

72.61

3.12

19.27

0.48

6.38

5.90

56.97

91.64

2.50

127

380.21

7.43

138

0.48

2.50

··

7.43

0.86

6.45

2.14

42.80

199

302.24

1.96

200

1.96

5.68

•

0.40

102.84

1.47

0.05

1.47

4.36

20.00

12.55

3.79

1.00

•

1.00

4.51

1.44

4.61

3.17

1.44

61.13

119.54

132.55

1.00

4.59

0.96

1.00

0.48

12.93

61.23

10 2 2 10

1.00

0.96

0.18

Total,

1,510

5,263.56

40.11 1,554

60.78

48.03

12.75

40.11.

209

MONTH.

POKFULAM.

Appendix A.

CITY OF VICTORIA WATERWORKS.

1895.

TAITAM.

In Reservoir, Discharged into

1st of the

Month.

Tunnel.

In Reservoir, Discharged into

1st of the

Month.

Tunnel.

Collected from springs inter-

cepted by

conduits.

Total

Consumption.

Blue Pool and Mint Dam.

Rainfall.

REMARKS.

210

gallons.

January,

51,846,000

gallons.

21,452,000 236,150,000

gallons.

inches.

54,126,000

13,043,000

88,621,000

9,318,000

.41

5 Fires.

February,

35,900,000

16,767,000 183,967,000

46,803,000

6,313,000

69,883,000

2,327,000

.84

March,

22,771,000

10,373,000 131,180,000

63,889,000

9,477,000

83,739,000

3,444,000

1.39

April,......

15,750,000

9,209,000

63,900,000

43,611,000

7,200,000

60,020,000

4,028,000

2.61

Intermittent. 4

May,

11,190,000

6,943,000

21,867,000

30,595,000

8,223,000

45,761,000

5,023,000

5.64

June,

12,210,000

20,302,000

15,300,000

51,387,000

1,143,000

72,832,000

8,601,000

4.97

1 Fire.

July,

6,484,000

23,960,000

24,434,000

39,789,000

28,229,000

91,978,000

7,250,000

18.87

2 Fires.

August,....

66,330,000

33,818,000 120,250,000

26,139,000

36,665,000

96,622,000

9,947,000

6.12

1 Fire.

September,

59,971,000

49,502,000 190,333,000

29,274,000

10,054,000

88,830,000

8,871,000

3.96

2 Fires.

October,

39,001,000

9,324,000 207,600,000

25,448,000

22,337,000

57,109,000

13,582,000

.50

Intermittent. 4 ""

November,........

44,626,000

7,573,000 211,100,000

33,238,000

14,092,000

54,903,000

5,647,000

.33

1 Fire.

وو

December,.

43,997,000

9,693,000 190,567,000

35,141,000

8,498,000

53,332,000

7,565,000

.20

7 Fires.

Totals,....

218,916,000

479,440,000

165,274,000 863,630,000

85,603,000

45.84

35 Fires.

Appendix B.

CITY OF VICTORIA WATER WORKS 1895.

Water pumped to Hill District and High Levels of the City.

HILL DISTRICT.

MONTH.

Motor.

Engine.

Total

pumped to Hill District.

Reservoir, South

Peak Road

Reservoir.

Belilios Terrace Reservoir.

of Pokfulam Filter Beds.

Total to

High Levels

of City.

Total

Pumped.

gallons.

January,

949,000

102,000

1,051,000

411,000

929,000

1,340,000

2,391,000

February,

693,000

189,000

882,000

348,000

805,000

1,153,000

2,035,000

March

287,000

664,000

951,000

410,000

962,000

1,372,000

2,323,000

April,

218,000

758,000

976,000

319,000

736,000

109,000

1,164,000

2,140,000

May,

1,091,000

255,000

531,000

193,000

979,000

2,070,000

June,

681,000

459,000

1,140,000

400,000

740,000

86,000

1,226,000

2,366,000

July,

1,096,000

156,000

1,252,000

416,000

954,000

32,000

1,432,000

2,684,000

August,

1,358,000

35,000

1,393,000

474,000

1,022,000

1,496,000

2,889,000

September,

1,325,000

55,000

1,380,000

496,000

1,089,000

1,585,000

2,965,000

October,

1,172,000

381,000

533,000

222,000

1,136,000

2,308.000

November,

22,000

931,000

953,000

388,000

569,000

217,000

1,174,000

2,127,000

December,

28,000

918,000

976,000

377,000

610,000

229,000

1,216,000

2,192,000

Totals,.

6,657,000

6,560,000

13,217,000

4,705,000

9,480,000

1,088,000

15,273,000

28,490,000

211

Appendix C.

CITY OF VICTORIA WATERWORKS.

SUPPLY TO CITY AND HILL DISTRICT.

1895.

TOTAL SUPPLY.

UNMETERED.

METERED.

Wongneichong and Mint

Grand Total.

MONTII.

Dam Reservoir,

Mean

Minimum

Tempo-

REMARKS.

City and Hill

(unfiltered).

Unmetered.

Metered,

rature.

City.

Hill District.

District.

gallons.

January,

73,796,000

787,000

14,038,000

9,318,000

74,583,000

23,356,000

gallons.

97,939,000

0°. Fab.

53.3

February,

61,123,000

651,000

8,109,000

2,327,000

61,774,000

10,436,000

72,210,000

57.2

March,

71,410,000

754,000 11,575,000

3,444,000

72,164,000

15,019,000

87,183,000

59.0

April,.....

47,796,000

705,000

11,519,000

4,028,000

48,501,000

15,547,000

64,048,000

69.0

Intermittent.

May,

39,731,000

$30,000

5,200,000

5,023,000

40,561,000

10,223,000

50,784,000

73.5

}}

June,

64,847,000

864,000

7,121,000

8,601,000

65,711,000

15,722,000

81,433,000

78.1

July,

81,030,000

913,000

10,035,000

7,250,000

81,943,000

17,285,000

99,228,000

78.4

August,

84,569,000

1,023,000

11,030,000

9,947,000

85,592,000

20,977,000

106,5€9,000

77.2

September,

76,861,000

1,116,000

10,853,000

8,871,000

77,977,000

19,724,000

97,701,000

75.8

October,...

46,831,000

694,000

9,584,000

13,582,000

47,525,000

23,166,000

70,691,000

71.7

Intermittent.

November,.......

49,798,000

752,000

4,353,000

5,647,000

50,550,000

10,000,000

60,550,000

62.9

}}

December,

45,815,000

830,000

6,657,000

7,565,000

46,675,000

14,222,000

60,897,000

58.9

Totals,.......

743,637,000

9,919,000 110,074,000

85,603,000

753,556,000 195,677,000

949,233,000

212

213

Appendix D.

DIAGRAM SHEWING JURLY CONSUMPTION OF WATER IN THE CITY OF VICTORIA,

Consumption each hour is plotted radially from Centre.

March 25th, 1995.

NOON

6 A.M.

MIDNIGHT

6 PM.

S ALE.

1 inch 60,000 Gallons.

Mors--Tetal Consumption

=2,883,632 Gallons.

A varage hourly Consumption= 120,151

6 A.M.

215

Appendix D.

DIAGRAM SHEWING HOURLY CONSUMPTION OF WATER IN THE CITY OF VICTORIA.

Consumption each hour is plotted radially from Centre.

July 8th, 1895.

NOON

MIDNIGHT

SCALE.

1 inch=90,000 Gallons.

NOTE.-Total Consumption

Average hourly Consumption

=3,961,439 Gallons.

165,039

6 PM.

}

Appendix D.

DIAGRAM SHEWING HOURLY CONSUMPTION OF WATER IN THE CITY OF VICTORIA.

6 A.M.

Consumption each hour is plotted radially from Centre.

September 20th, 1895.

NOON

MIDNIGHT

SCALE.

1 inch=60,000 Gallons.

NOTE. Total Consumption

Average hourly Consumption

=3,272,300 Gallous.

136,350

217

6-PIC

}

Appendix D.

DIAGRAM SHEWING HOURLY CONSUMPTION OF WATER IN THE CITY OF VICTORIA,

Consumption each hour is plotted radially from Centre.

December 16th, 1895.

NOON

WATER TURNED ON FOR A FIRE

SCALE.

1 inch=90,000 Gallons.

NOTE.-Total Consumption

Intermittent Supply.

1,912,637 Gallons.

Average hourly Consumption=

79,693

6PM

219

Personal Emoluments,

Exchange Compensation,

Other Charges,

221

Appendix E.

ANNUALLY RECURRENT EXPENDITURE, 1895.

Head of Service.

Amount.

1. Repairs to Buildings,

2. Maintenance of Telegraphs,

of Public Cemetery,. of Praya Wall,

of Piers,

of Lighthouses,

7. Dredging Foreshores,

8. Miscellaneous Works,

}

9. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in Victoria,

10. 11.

12. Maintenance of Water Works,

13.

of Sewers,

14. Miscellaneous Services.

15. Gas Lighting City of Victoria,

16. Electric Lighting City of Victoria,

17. Gas Lighting Kowloon,

out of Victoria, in Kowloon,

18. Maintenance of Public Recreation Ground,

19. Expenses of the Clock Tower,

}

Work.

73,505.92

19,017.41

7,249.55

99,772.88

29.989.16

3,181.91

1,174.35

2,159.22

2,417.66

5,534.31

19,526.13

19.801.16

9,895.22

5,968.79

10,136.95

6,821.13

3,731.09

22,617.30

22,440.14

3,152.40

1,438.82

282.00

Total,......

170,218.24

Appendix F.

EXTRAORDINARY EXPENDITURE, 1895.

Amount.

Prior to 1895. During 1895.

Total Amount.

Estimated Cost.

1. Central Market,

224,963.57

5. Slaughter-house, and Sheep and Pig Depôts,

2. Erection of Queen's Statue,

3. Praya Reclamation, (Ordinance 16 of 1889), Government Contribution, including reconstruction of Murray, Pedder's and Pottinger Piers and Landing Steps,...

6. Gaol Extension,

34,373.19 3,784.60

259,336.76 3,784.60

270.000.00

78,912.42

60,575.57

232,935.11 18,171.01 13,036.79 18,449.02

251,106.12

429,678.07

91,949.21

94,000.00

79,024.59

96,000.00

10. New Water Mains,

167,176.47

3,362.57

170,539.04

200,000.00

11. Sewerage of Victoria,

215,268.87

29,666.63

244,935.50

282,500.00

12. Water Supply, Kowloon Peninsula,.

85,368.37

27,291.09 112,659.46

180,000.00

13. Tytam Water Works Extension,

37,452.59 37,452.59

104,000.00

14. Extension, MacDonnell and Austin Roads, Kowloon, 18. Kowloon Cattle Depôt,

6,181.43

7,525.27

13,706.70

13,000.00

6.486.86

6,186.86

7,500.00

19. Village Water, Drainage and Sewerage Works,.

726.13

12,930.03

13,656.16

22. Central Police Station-Additional Quarters, &c.,.

3,535.01

3,535,01

17,000.00

23. Signalling Station and Lines of Communication with same,. 24. Plague Account,.......

8,556.01

3,556.01

3,670.00

260.57

Total,.....

$1,072,107.94

219,881.24 1,291,989.18

1,697,348.07

Appendix G.

PRAYA RECLAMATION WORKS.

Statement of Works executed December 31st, 1895.

222

To 31ST DECEMBER, 1891.

DURING 1895.

TOTAL TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

SECTIONS.

CONTRACT

No.

REMARKS.

Rubble.

Filling. Ashlar.

Concrete. Rubble. Filling. Ashlar.

Concrete.] Rubble.

Filling.

Ashlar.

Concrete.]

Section No. 1,.. Do. No. 1,................

Do. No. 1,.

Do. No. 2,. Do. No. 2,. Do. No. 3.. Do. No. 3,. Do. No. 3,.

4 12 17 90 92 92

7,92

C.S.O 1885

23/94

8/91 & 16/93

7/92

18/94

1/90 & 14/92

13/92

cub. yds.

81,208

cub. yds.

cub. ft.

cub. yds. cub. yds. cub. yds.

34,924

1611

enb. ft. cub. yds. cub. yds. 81,208

cub. yds.

cub. ft.

cub. yds.

34,924

161

12,836

...

12,836

Deposited by Barges, &c.

2,629

37,338

19,920

690

1,770

70,662

33,525 1,933

4,399

108,000

53,445

2,623

117,001

1,831

164,159

52,254

21,200

465

117,001

52,254

21,200

465

154,748

40,799

1,755

1,724

1,831

156,472

40,799

1,755

77,464

125

...

164,159

77,464

...

125

203,669

Deposited by Barges.

662

113

662

113

Do. No. 3,.

Do. No. 4,.

25/95

Do. No. 7,.

vo Fr vi & J

131,077

Do. No. 7,

10/91

Do. No. 6/7,

20,94

7,186

95,068

Do. No. 6/7,

22/95

Do. No. 6/7,

27,95

Do. No. 6/7,

Do. No. 6/7,..

21/94

Do. No. 6,..............] C.S.O. 11837

R. Govt. Piers,

30,95

7,616

97,760:

28,995

12,444

640

7,616

28,995

12,444

640

97,760

86,000

328,408

60,953 2,120 93,500 | 10,920

131,077

86,000

60,953

2,120

...

7,186

328,408

93,500 | 10,920

...

36,984

132,052

...

11,542

370

...

987

5,198

315

987

11,542

5,198

370

315

10,556

...

17,355

27,911

61,144

77,822

138,966

...

5,459

...

2,400

600,821 1,059,341

236,372 16,350

147,517

202,017

62,709 3,258

748,338 1,261,358 299,081 19,608

Deposited by Junks from Dredger.

Deposited by Rarges. Deposited by Junks,

Appendix G. 1.

PRAYA RECLAMATION WORKS.

Statement of Concrete Blocks Work executed, December 31st, 1895.

To 31ST DECEMBER, 1891.

PORTION OF Work.

Blocks Made.

Section No. 1,..

No. 2,..

No. 3...

No. 4,..

No. 5,........

No. 6,.

No. 7......

GOVERNMENT PIERS.

Pottinger Street,

Pedder's Street,

Murray Road,....

DURING 1895.

TOTAL TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

Blocks Set.

Blocks Made.

Blocks Set.

Blocks Made.

Blocks Set.

Cubic Yards.

2,513

1,963

2,740

1,241

1,336

2,740

2,577

2,508

941

151

1,626

886

1,777

886.

554

160

605

160

600

219

600

219

600

***

7,418

5,717

6,925

2,601

14,343

8,318

223

Appendix H.

PRAYA RECLAMATION WORKS.

Statement of Account to December 31st, 1895.

224

Contribution

Received

Contribution

Sections.

Received

Interest

Account to

31st Dec., 1894.

during 1895.

31st Dec., 1895.

Total

Receipts.

Expenditure

31st Dec., 1894.

Expenditure during 1895.

Total

Expenditure.

Balance to

Debit of Fund. | Credit of Fund.

Balance to

Section No. 1,

115,670.24

66,032.56

2,058.65

183,761.45

164,682.64

63,318.02

228,000.66

44,239.21

Do. No. 2,

219,779.25

31,396.95

2,582.11

253,758.31

211,781.81

6,202.29

217,984.10

35,774.21

Do. No. 3,

229,689.28

114,844.64

16,982.18

361,516.10

248,956,34

36,697.68

285,654.02

75,862.08

Do. No. 4,

53,168.95

3,679.09

8,941.13

65,789.17

25,572.37

55,691.67

81,264.04

15,474.87

Do. No. 5,

68,261.50

8,240.00

12,591.24

89,092.74

46,001.97

8,670.52

54,675.49

34,417,25

Do. No. 6,

130,947.14

52,872.07

25,257.00

209,076.21

108,871.98

57,374.26

166,246.14

42,830.07

Do. No. 7,

194,175.97

33,023.57

12,671.16

239,870.70

192,833.39

41,549.27

237,382.66

2,488.04

1,011,692.33

310,088.88

81,083.47 1,402,864.68

998,703.40

272,503.71

1,271,207.11

59,714.08

191,371.65

Government Section No. 4,

9,683.60

1,034.40

10,718.00

3,055.85

9,727.49

12,783.34

2,065.34

Do.

No. 5,

13,807.45

604.45

14,411.90

9,929.51

1,697.95

11,627.46

2,784.44

Do.

No. 6,

11,704.25

Do.

No. 7,

239,414.10

1,074.66

12,778.91

5,457.46

1,036.00

6,493.46

6,285.45

891.71

210,305.81

214,492.29

5,709.57

220,201.86

20,103.95

274,609.40

3,605.22

278,214.62

232,935.11

18,171.01

251,106.12

2,065.34

29,173.84

1,286,301.73

310,088.88

84,688.69

1,681,079.30

1,231,638.51

290,674.72

1,522,313.23

61,779.42

220,545.49

Reconstruction Govt. Piers and Interest,

48,587.48

Stock on hand,

7,085.28

Crown Agents' Account,

313,96

Profit on Cement,

9,884,74

Reconstruction Govt. Piers,..

Queen's Memorial,

13,258.97

157.50

Amount refunded by Government Section 2,

214.88

Amount deposited with C. Govt.,

186,000.00

Balance Cash on hand,

11.270.38

1,740,080.36

$ 1,740,080.36

Salaries charged in

Expenditure on Public

Works.

Govt. Buildings exclusive of Gaol & Police Stations.

Years.

Total.

Pay Sheets.

Pay Lists.

Recurrent. Extraordinary

No.

Appendix J.

PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT.

Statement of Salaries, Expenditure, &c. for the Years 1878, 1883, 1888, 1891, 1892, 1893, 1894 and 1895.

Communications from Colonial Secretary.

Letters despatched

Exclusive of Notices, Permits, Certificates, &c., issued under Building and Water Works Ordinances, occupation of Crown Land by Squatters.

References. Official to Govt. Miscellaucous. Departments.

Cost of

Repairs of

Roads.

Cost of Repair.

Separate

Papers.

1878,

36,113

5,504

41,617

142,022

11,560

22,660

153

No register

190

556

1883,

38,216

5,477 (1) 43,693

1888,

40,258

8,265

48,523

Included

in Extraor-

dinary.

kept.

Approx.

258,044 | (1) 258,041

16,213

30,000

266

342

254

493

401,383

25,102

40,381

167

374

260

369

1891,

73,166

12,960

86,126

93,297 (2) 358,099 (2) 451,396

102

(4) 24,506 (4), 38,209

1892,

73,978

15,312

89,290 (3) 166,718 (2) 402,704 |(2,3)569,422

106

33,981

40,246

1893, (5)..

72,329

Nil.

1894,

70,616

Nil.

1895,

(7) 73,518

1,538

177,277

213,510

72,329 (3) 149,669 (2,6) 204,040 (2,3) 353,709 70,616

75,056

107

24,762

40,355

573

1,122

433

922

271,553

448,830

108

21,371

39,758

782

1,201

551

655

201,536 | (8) 415,046

110

29,991

36,216 1,022

1,779

649

655

(1) These figures are exclusive of expenditure on Taitam Water Works. All Charges in connection therewith including supervision being charged direct to the Vote. (2) Exclusive of Expenditure on Praya Reclamation Works.

(3) In and since 1892, the cost of Gas and Electric Lighting for the City of Victoria and Kowloon has been charged to Annual Recurrent Works. (4) Prior to 1890 it was usual to obtain special votes for the repair of storm damages during every Summer.

(5) The extension of the Water Works necessitated additional expenditure.

(6) The falling off in the expenditure on Extraordinary Public Works in 1893 is accounted for to some extent by the Officers' time being taken up in the preparation of Plans, &c. for Govern- ment Office Extension, Slaughter-House, Pig and Sheep Depôts, Government Stores, Kowloon Water Works, Water Supply Aberdeen and Shan-ki-wan, Sewerage of the Eastern District of the City of Victoria, Gaol Extension, Naval and Military Reclamation. The proposal to stop the Praya Reclamation Works.

In 1892 the offices of Surveyor General and Resident Engineer, Water and Drainage Department, were amalgamated under the title of Director of Public Works at the salary previously attached to the office of Surveyor General alone. The present systems of Store Accounting and General Accounting were first introduced into the Department.

(7) Exchange Compensation--$19,017.41.

(8) Exclusive of Crown Agents' Accounts.

FRANCIS A. Cooper,

Director of Public Works.

225

573

No. 35

96.

HONGKONG.

EPORT ON THE PROGRESS OF THE PUBLIC WORKS DURING THE FIRST HALF-YEAR 1896,

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor.

No. 510.

PUBLIC WORKS OFFICE, HONGKONG, 3rd September, 1896.

SIR, I have the honour to report on the work of this department for the first half of the current year as follows.

ANNUAL RECURRENT WORKS.

2. Repairs to Buildings.-A considerable amount of work of a miscellaneous nature has been done under this heading owing to a large extent to the ravages of white ants.

The following buildings have been thoroughly repaired, painted and colour-washed, viz.:—

Government Civil Hospital (Main and Lower Buildings).

Kennedy Town Hospital.

Medical Staff Quarters.

Police Station No. 7.

Central.

Hung Hom.

Yau Ma Ti.

Extensive repairs have been executed at Police Stations Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 5, and the thorough repair of the Western (as far as its condition permits), Wanchai and Sokonpo Markets and of the Officers' Quarters, Central Police Station, are in hand.

The usual white-washing and cleansing have been executed at the schools.

3. As repeatedly pointed out by the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon, the Western and Saiyingpoon Markets are inadequate to meet the requirements of the district, and their structural condition is such that I cannot recommend any other course than that of reconstruction and extension.

am, however, considering the question of Market accommodation in the City of Victoria and hope shortly to address you a separate communication on the subject.

4. Maintenance of Telegraphs.The lines and instruments have been maintained in a satisfactory condition. The Harbour Master's residence has been placed in direct telephonic communication with the Harbour Office, C.S.O. 1890

Telephonic communication has also been established between the Head Quarter House and the Central Police Station, C.S.O. 2818.

5. Maintenance of Public Cemetery.-A further extension has been made and terraced to the north of the existing burial ground, and the cemetery maintained in a satisfactory condition.

6. Praya Wall and Piers.-The expenditure under this heading has been small.

The footings of a portion of the Praya wall at Tsim Sha Tsui have been further protected by the repair of the rubble foundations.

Repairs to the pier at Stone Cutters' Island are in hand.

7. Maintenance of Lighthouses.-The Gap Rock Lighthouse and Quarters attached have been re- paired, painted and colour-washed.

A new Chinese latrine has been provided at Cape Collinson Lighthouse, and the Lighthouse and Quarters have been white-washed.

Minor repairs have been executed at Green Island Lighthouse and Quarters.

8. Dredging Foreshores.-The dredger has been employed at Causeway Bay, with the exception of 2 days when it was lent to the Telegraph Company.

The quantity of material dredged was 18,547 cubic yards.

Expenditure on repairs amounted to $76.16.

574

are:

9. Miscellaneous Works.-The more important works carried out under this heading of account

Mounting Guns for Signalling purposes at the Gap Rock. C.S.O. 2835, Erecting three punishment cells and a kitchen at the West l'oint Reformatory,

C.SO. 1833,

Expenditure during 189 $ 450.

18951

1895:

8931

..$ 32

Re-building Southern Boundary Wall, Police Dock Basin, Kowloon, C.S.O. 133, $ 84 Completion of Boat Slip, Kowloon, C.S.O. 1358,

1895

•

18947

Additional Quarters at Cape Collinson Lighthouse, C.S.O. 1973 Completion of Retaining Wall, South of Inland Lot 509, C.S.O. 2546 Street Improvements, Shaukiwan, C.S.O. 4 Repairs to Shektongtsui Nullah, C.S.O. 1394,

436

Magazine for explosives, Gap Rock, C.S O. 1935, Po Yan Street Improvement, C.S.O. 435

1896

Store at Central Police Station, C.S.O. 3336

18951

.$ 448..

$2.866.87

$ 986.90 .$1,885.58

.$ 672.47

$ 912.76

$ 462.91

...$ 659.69

Channelling and kerbing Cameron, Granville and Carnarvon Roads, Kowloon,

C.S.O. 440

18961

The whole of the above works have been completed.

..$2,624.52

10. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in Victoria.-The macadam surfaces of Queen's Road, Praya East, Praya Central, Bonham Strand and Cleverly Street, and also the concrete surfaces of Zetland Street, have been renewed.

Garden Road from Queen's Road to St. John's Place, and Battery Path, have been re-laid with

cement concrete.

Kennedy Road has been re-surfaced with decomposed granite.

The usual repairs to the streets and roads have been executed.

The timber bridge which carried Hill Read across the Shektongtsui Nullah has been replaced by a bridge of iron and concrete construction.

11. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges out of Victoria.-Extensive repairs have been executed to the Cape D'Aguilar, Magazine Gap and Mount Kellet Roads. The whole of the roads have been maintained in a satisfactory state of repair.

12. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges, Kowloon.-The principal streets in the villages of Yau Ma Ti and Hung Hom have been surfaced with decomposed granite, and the roads in Tsim Sha Tsui have been maintained in a satisfactory state of repair.

The kerbing and channelling and general improvement of some of the roads in this district will shortly require attention.

13. Maintenance of Water Works, City and Hill District.—The water works have been maintained in a satisfactory condition. Particulars of the quantity supplied from the various sources will be found in appendix A.

The water supply to the City of Victoria and Hill District and the necessity for extending the existing works have been dealt with by me in a special report dated the 9th May.

14. Maintenance of Water Works, Kowloon. The constant supply of water to Kowloon has been maintained. The following tabular statement gives the quantity of water pumped and the quantity supplied by meter during the period under review.

QUANTITY IN GALLONS,

MONTH.

Pumped.

Supplied by meter.

January, February,

4,721,000

1,549,000

3,531,000

1,992,000

March,

3,983.000

2,387,000

April,

3,065,000

663,000

May,

3,825,000

868,000

June,

3,207,000

1,651,000

Total,.

22,332,000

9,110,000

575

15. The following is a copy of the Government Analyst's report on three samples of the water ollected from the street fountains on the 27th of February last.

(Copy)

WATER ANALYSIS.

Teil 27th February, 1896.

GOVERNMENT LABORATORY,

HONGKONG, 4th March, 1896.

Kowloon Water Supply.

A. Drawn from No. 217 Fountain, Hung Hom.

Yau Ma Ti.

112

Tsim Sha Tsui.

Results expressed in grains per Imperial Gallon (1 in 70,000).

Appearance in 24-inch tube

Total solid matter dried at 212° Fah.

Chlorine in chlorides,

Hardness-reckoned as chalk grains or "degrees

Clear and B. Clear and B. Clear and B.

2.7

.65

Ammonia

.0014

nil

Albumenoid ammonia

nil

.0014

Oxygen absorbed in 4 hours at about 80° Fah.

.03

.02

Nitrogen in nitrites and nitrates

Nitrites

nil

The above results show that the water is of excellent quality.

(Sd.),

W. EDWARD CROW,

Government Analyst.

Mr.

16. Maintenance of Sewers.-The sewers have been maintained in a satisfactory condition. It is satisfactory to note a considerable improvement in the treatment of house drains. RAM, in his report dated July 1st, 1896, to the Sanitary Board, states that 6.451 houses had been inspected, 3,263 of which had been re-drained, and in only 12 of these were the drains found defective.

17. Lighting of City of Victoria and Kowloon.-The contracts with the Gas and Electric Compa- nies have been satisfactorily carried out.

Fifteen additional lamps have been placed in Granville, Cameron, Carnarvon, Des Voeux and East Roads, Kowloon.

18. There is, however, room for considerable improvement in the arrangement of the lights, and some further extension of the systems of gas lighting is required. On this subject I am addressing you a separate communication.

19. Maintenance of Public Recreation Ground.-The Ground has been maintained in good order. New regulations for the management of the ground were made by His Excellency the Governor in June last and published in the Government Gazette. (Government Notification No. 227.)

20. Clock Tower.-The clock has been thoroughly cleaned and repaired by Messrs. FALCONER & Co., C.S.O. 96.

1896

LAND SURVEY BRANCH.

21. During the half-year 38 land sales have taken place, the area sold being 532,655 square feet, the premium realised $108,202, and the annual Crown rent $3,753.06.

576

22. Extensions of a total area of 158,563 square feet have been granted, the premium realised $18,497.50 and the annual Crown rent $1,192.69.

23. Consequent upon the improvement of the village of Tai Kok Tsui, leases were granted t persons disturbed subject to an annual Crown rent of $203. C.S.O.

31 1896

24. Leases for short periods have been granted for an area of 283,428 square feet. Crown i $489.

25. By special agreement the owners have entered upon the reclamations in front of the foll Marine Lots:-

Section.

Lot Number.

Area. sq. ft.

Crown rent.

1.E.

186

18,267

336

205

19,640

362

204

19,640

362

198 Sec. A.

2,440

Sec. B.

4,667

Sec. C.

4,773

17.

犨

91 Sub-sec. 1, Sec. O.

2,394

2, Sec. 0.

2,394

Sec. P.

1,592

92 Sec. M.

2,341

Sec. N.

802

102

14,067

258

102

20,221

372

103

14,533

264

103

20,607

378

Total,............148,378

2,727

26. The sites for Booths during the races at Happy Valley realised $6,094.

27. Squatter's Licences.-The number of licences issued during the half-year amounted to 1,346, the fees for which amounted to $4,719.21.

Forty-four licences have been cancelled, leaving eighty-three to be issued for the current year and a sum of $227.25 to be collected.

WORK UNDER THE BUILDING ORDINANCE.

28. During the period under review, 29 plans for the erection of European dwellings, 242 plans for the erection of Chinese houses, besides 336 plans for miscellaneous structures have been deposited. Certificates for 171 houses have been issued under section 53 of Ordinance 15 of 1889, and per- mission has been granted to erect 27 verandahs and 3 piers over Crown land.

Notices have been issued to remove or repair dangerous structures in 12 instances, and 887 mis- cellaneous notices and permits have been issued.

Permits have been issued for the erection and repair of 34 monuments and enclosures in the Colonial Cemetery, the fees for which amount to $203.33.

EXTRAORDINARY PUBLIC WORKS.

29. Central Market.-The expenditure incurred under this heading is the balance that became due to the contractor on account of work completed in December last.

30. Erection of Queen's Statue.-This work was completed in May and the statue unveiled by His Excellency the Governor on the 28th of that month.

31. Improvements, Recreation Ground, Happy Valley.-Plans and contract have been prepared for levelling the area of the proposed extension and the improvement and diversion of the roads. The work will shortly be commenced.

32. Slaughter House, Pig and Sheep Depôt.-The new shed has been completed and three weigh- ing machines have been erected. The construction of a timber pier at the western end of Chater Street will shortly be commenced, C.S.O..

33. Gaol Extension.—The erection of the Matron's Quarters and the alteration to the Gaol build- ings required to convert a portion into a Female Prison were commenced in January, C.S.O. 1151, and are well advanced.

577

34. Kowloon New Roads.-A sum of $862.69 has been expended in forming and surfacing Gran- ville, Cameron and Carnarvon Roads, Kowloon.

35. New Water Mains.-Considerable progress has been made with the construction of the service ervoirs at Kennedy Town and Wanchai, and the necessary works for connecting them with the ribution system.

36. Sewerage, City of Victoria.-The work done under this heading consists mainly of connecting

drains and the extension of the system to provide for the drainage of new houses.

ne thousand one hundred and forty-seven lineal yards of new pipe sewers and two automatic ashing tanks have been completed.

37. Water Supply, Kowloon Peninsula.—The pumping station buildings have been completed, and with the exception of a few short lengths of mains, which cannot be laid pending the completion of Observatory Road and the streets at Mongkoktsui, the works are now complete so far as is necessary to meet present requirements.

38. Tytam Water Works Extension.—The work on the main embankment, the construction of the catchwater to the east, and the clear-water channel on the western side of the reservoir, have been completed. As the water in the reservoir has not yet attained the level of the overflow, the further raising of the Weir has not yet been commenced.

39. Water and Drainage Works Miscellaneous.--The more important works carried out under this heading are:-

32 1895

1895

Drainage of Station Street, Yau Ma Ti, C.S.O. 1138. Storm Water Drain, Elgin Road, Kowloon, Contract 5. Drainage, Elgin Road, Kowloon, Contract 5. Drainage, Observatory Road, Kowloon, Contract 196. Sewerage, Shaukiwan Village, Contracts. Extension of drains, Wing Sing Street, &c., Yau Ma Ti. Mongkoktsui drainage, Kowloon, Contract 1856- Sewerage, Tsim Sha Tsui Police Station, Kowloon. Taikoktsui Improvement Works, Contract Peak and Magazine Gap Sewerage, Contract 1835. Service Reservoir, Bowen Road, Contract 335. Water Works, Shaukiwan, C.S.O. 17 Water Works, Aberdeen, C.S.O. 666.

7 8 6.

1893

Total,...........

ន C.

538.90

1,180.28

317.80

676.13

•

.1,790.36

353.56 2,993.52 324.32

1,551.70

.2,345.54

2,666.64

4,435.99

2.61

.$19,177.35

40. Isolation Hospital.-Considerable progress has been made with this work, the walls of the buildings are nearly ready to receive the roofs.

41. Central Police Station Additional Quarters.-The quarters were completed and handed over to the Superintendent of Police on the 20th of June, 1896, and a few minor works required to com- plete the work under this contract are being proceeded with. C.S.O. 1944.

42. Signalling Station and Lines of Communication with same.-The works in connection with this project have been completed.

43. Extension of Streets, Kennedy Town.-Chater Street and a portion of Davis, Cadogan and Smithfield Streets have been formed, kerbed and channelled, and Belcher Street formed and macadam- ised, C.S.O. 8958.

44. Extension of Station Street, North Kowloon, and Streets at Mongkoktsui.—This work has been commenced under contract No. 7 entered into with Mr. A. CHEONG, for the filling up and forming of the streets, north of Farm Lot No. 12. This work is proceeding satisfactorily.

1896

45. Taipingshan Improvement Works.-The contracts entered into with Messrs. KANG ON and CHANG A TONG, Nos. 1855 and 1895, respectively, for the construction of the storm-water drain and the retaining wall and other works at the junction of Pound Lane and Taipingshan Street, have made fairly satisfactory progress.

46. Owing to the existing storm-water drain running diagonally across the resumed arca, it has not been practicable to enter into further contracts pending the completion of the new storm water drain.

This, however, will shortly be completed and a contract entered into for the necessary work over about one half of the resumed area.

578

47. Other contracts are in course of preparation.

48. Storm Water Drain, Wing Fung Street.-A contract No. 1 was entered into with Messrs. WONG FAT and HIP HING CHEONG, confidential C.S.O. 1, for the works included in this projer in January, and fair progress has been made, though some delay arose in obtaining the necess

Tricks,

49. Salisbury Road, Kowloon.-This work continues to progress very slowly.

50. Plague Account. -The expenditure under this heading of account has been mainly inc in connection with the extension of the cemetery, the interment of the remains of those dying the disease, and the erection of matshed accommodation.

PRAYA RECLAMATION WORKS.

51. Section No. 1.-Contract No. 18. The work under this contract was suspended on the 18th April, 1896, pending the construction of the sewers, the laying of the gas and water mains, and the erection of the new buildings authorized by C.S.O. 4.

1896

52. Section No. 2.No further work has been done on this section. The work under contract No. 13 being still suspended, pending the completion of the new buildings on the Reclaimed Land authorized by C.S.O. 144.

1894

53. Section No. 3.-The whole of the foundations of the sea wall have been weighted and the second course of concrete blocks set except on a length of 180 feet at the eastern end and the founda- tions of the landing pier, on which the concrete blocks have not yet been set, on account of the continuéd settlement of the rubble stone foundations. Under contract No. 23, the sea wall has been brought up to an averaged height of 4'.3" above the concrete blocks except on a length of 180 feet at the eastern end. Some progress has been made with the construction of the storm water drains, but comparatively little progress has been made with the filling in of the land to be reclaimed. The progress made with the work under this contract has so far been very dilatory and unsatisfactory.

54. Section No. 4.-The work done on this section under contract No. 25 has been the complet- ing of the rubble stone foundations of the proposed sea wall. The time for the completion of this contract expired on the 31st January, 1896; the work was, however, being carried on in so dilatory a manner that it had on the 29th May to be taken out of the contractor's hands and other arrange- ments made.

On the 21st May last a contract No. 37 was entered into with YAU KUNG CHEUNG for raising, levelling, forming and concreting the upper surface of the rubble stone foundations of the proposed sea wall, and for supplying rubble stone, &c. for the completion of the work included in contract No.

25.

The work under this contract (No. 37) has been carried on with despatch in a satisfactory and workmanlike manner. The whole of the upper surface of the rubble stone foundations on a length of 900 feet has been raised, formed, levelled, concreted, the "concrete blocks" backed with rubble stone, and about one half of the rubble stone required for the completion of the work under contract No. 25 has been supplied.

The whole of the first course of concrete blocks on a length of 900 feet and containing 32,400 cubic feet has been set departmentally and backed with rubble stone hand packed under contract No. 37.

The whole of these foundations are now ready for weighting, but this cannot be commenced until the weighting of (four) Government piers and a portion, about 400 lineal feet of the foundation of the proposed sea wall, sections Nos. 6 and 7, are completed.

55. Diverting Storm Water Drain.—A contract No. 34 was entered into with TSANG KENG on the 9th November, 1895, for the construction of new storm water drains in Hollywood Road, Po Yan Street and Queen's Road, on a total length of 912 feet, the work to be completed on the 15th April, 1896. This work has been carried on in a very dilatory manner.

On the 30th June last, 64 working days after the contract time expired, only 570 lineal feet of main drain (4′. 6′′ × 4′. 10′′) had been completed, leaving 352 lineal feet of drains of somewhat smaller dimensions still to be built, also the masonry of the old and new drains to be connected, and the surface of a portion of the roads to be repaired and made good.

56. Section No. 5.-On the 11th February, 1896, a contract No. 36 was entered into with TSANG KENG for the construction of the rubble stone foundations of sea wall, storm water drains, em- bankment, &c.; the work was not, however, commenced until the 18th April, since then fairly good progress has been made, the whole of the guide piles, walings, &c., containing about 4,300 cubic feet of timber, have been driven and 23,274 cubic yards of rubble stone deposited in place.

57. Sections Nos. 6 and 7, Eastern and Western portions.-Contract No. 20 made with TSANG KENG on the 11th April, 1894, for the construction of the rubble stone foundations of sea wall, landing piers, storm water drains, &c., was completed on the 28th of January, 1896.

579

Reclaiming the Foreshore.-About 20,000 cubic yards of earth have been deposited in these sections. Weighting foundations. About 580 lineal feet of sea wall have been weighted, and concrete locks containing 12,664 cubic feet have been set, on a total length of 349 feet.

58. Government Piers.-The rubble stone foundations of the pier and landing steps on a length bout 120 feet, opposite the lower end of Wing Lok Street, have been constructed, the upper surface led, and the weighting nearly completed; about 640 concrete blocks weighing about 5,000 tons

used for that purpose.

ottinger Street Pier.-The second and third courses of concrete blocks containing 10,168 cubic Cu have been set, the hearting filled in solid with rubble stone (about 366 cubic yards) hand packed and brought up level with the upper surface of the third course of blocks, the whole weighted with concrete blocks, about 1,000 blocks weighing upwards of 9,000 tons being used for that purpose. The blocks have been removed and the fourth or upper course of concrete blocks containing 2,757 cubic feet set.

Murray Road Pier.-The upper surface of the rubble stone foundations has been re-levelled, re- formed and covered with a layer of cement concrete, the first, second and third courses of concrete blocks containing 16,149 cubic feet have been set, the hearting filled in solid with rubble stone (334 cubic yards) hand packed and brought up level with the upper surface of the third course of blocks, and the weighting has been commenced.

59. Making and Setting Concrete Blocks.-Under contract No. 24 of 1895, 635 blocks of different dimensions and containing 86,701 cubic feet of cement concrete and granite ashlar facing, have been

made.

60. Setting of Concrete Blocks.-Concrete blocks on a total length of 1,249 feet and containing 44,964 cubic feet of cement concrete and granite ashlar, have been set on the sea wall, and concrete blocks containing 29,074 cubic feet of cement concrete and granite ashlar have been set on the Govern- ment piers. This work has been done departmentally.

EXPENDITURE.

61. Expenditure.-Tabular statements shewing the expenditure during the period under review are attached.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY..

FRANCIS A COOPER,

Member of the Institute of Cicil Engineers, Fellow of the Sanitary Institute and Member of the Association of Municipal and County Engineers, Director of Public Works.

POKFOOLUM.

Appendix A.

CITY OF VICTORIA WATERWORKS,

1896.

MONTH.

In Reservoir, 1st of the

Month.

Discharged into Tunnel.

580

In Reservoir,

1st of the

Month.

Discharged into Tunnel.

Collected from

Springs

intercepted by Conduits.

Total

Consumption.

Blue Pool

and

Mint Dam.

Rainfall.

REMARKS,

TYTAM.

gallons.

inchos.

January,

39,690,000

9,872,000

160,533,000

39,600,000

4,253,000

58,725,000

6,930,000

1.73

Intermittent.

February,

35,555,000

11,310,000

128,050,000

28,284,000

11,635,000

51,179,000

2,773,000

7.95 Intermittent.

March,...

39,690,000

16,219,000

121,400,000

31,818,000

8,921,000

56,958,000

5,568,000

1.45

Intermittent, 1st to 29th.

April,..

35,900,000

21,580,000 110,520,000

53,051,000

7,710,000

82,341,000

6,648,000

2.10

May,

24,091,000

17,700,000

76,100,000

63,126,000

4,355,000

85,181,000

4,226,000

1.15

June,

11,190,000

14,299,000

26,066,000

24,457,000

36,504,000

75,260,000

2,931,000

18.63

Intermittent, 1st to 14th.

Total,..

90,980,000

240,286,000

73,378,000 404,644,000

29,076,000

33.01

PRAYA RECLAMATION WORKS.

General Statement of Accounts to June 30th, 1896.

ESTIMATED

Cost.

CONTRIBUTION RECEIVED.

TOTAL.

EXPENDITURE.

SERVICE.

To 31st Dec.,

1895.

To 31st May,

1896.

During the month of June, 1896.

Total to 30th June, 1896.

LOT HOLDERS.

Section No. 1,

423,260.67

229,830.11

Section No. 1,

Do.

No. 2,

251,176.20

Do. No. 2,

136,619.47

162,631.65

3,965.00

127.47

140,711.94

162,631.65

Do. No. 3,

459,378.56

344,533.92

Do. No. 3,

174,443.78

18,654.95

2,401.73

195,500.46

Do.

No. 4,

227,392.11

109,100.74

Do. No. 4,

41,404.42

12,200.52

7,061.95

60.666.89

Do.

No. 5,

310,486.00

76,501,50

Do. No. 5,

39.00

6,300.00

6,339.00

Do.

No. 6,

523,788.60

202,421.70

Do. No. 6,

69,764.04

2,333.03

703.39

72,800.46

Do.

No. 7,

316,268.44

268,856.38

Do. No. 7,

369,888.98

19,364.84

561.24

389,815.06

1,482,420.55

Plant,

100,422.02

4,162.99

446.85

105,031.86

GOVERNMENT.

Concrete Block,

104,217.27

10,853,22

3,283.85

118,354.34

Establishment including Offices and

Section No. 4,

38,734.40

19,367.20

Office Contingencies,

144,670.58

9,036.61

2,021.24

155,728.43

Do. No. 5,

84,906.90

21,226.72

Preliminary Expenses,

3,359.98

Do. No. 6,

46,818.00

11,704.25

Purchase of Land opposite Wharf and

Do.

No. 7,

259,218.77

246,257.83

298,556.00

Godown Company,

105,000.00

2,941,428.65

1,780,976.55

Compensation to the Owners and Oc- cupiers of Wharves and Piers,

109,852.04

Interest from Lot Holders,

Interest,

Reconstruction of Government

Piers,

339.40

1,522,313.23

80,571.16

22,907.72

1,625,792.11

87,393.61

64,640.88

Stock, 2,231 casks Cement,.

Crown Agents' Account,

Profit on Cement,.

Amount refunded by Govern- Į

ment, Section 2,

3,879.73

Reconstruction of Government Piers,

....

13,258.97

16,677.03

778.85

11,944.35

Deposit in Colonial Government,

...

9,371.45

30,709.85

210,000.00

214.88

Store Account,

Balance on hand,

5.04

73,510.95

1,949,389.40

581

582

Personal Emoluments, Exchange Compensation, Other Charges,

Repairs to Buildings,...

Maintenance of Telegraphs,

of Public Cemetery,

HONGKONG PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT.

Statement of Expenditure to 30th June, 1896.

ANNUALLY RECURRENT.

of Praya Wall and Piers,..

of Lighthouses,.....

Work.

Dredging Foreshores,.

Miscellaneous Works,

Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in Victoria,

多多

out of Victoria,

in Kowloon,

of Water Works, City of Victoria and Hill District,

Kowloon,..

of Sewers,.

Miscellaneous Services,

Gas Lighting, City of Victoria,

Electric Lighting, City of Victoria,

Expenditure during 1896 to 30th June.

$ C.

35,031.15 4,174.10 3,180.02

$ 42,385.27

19,857.89 772.22

951.38

230.81

1,221.69

327.65

14,039.70

18,306.17

7,345.73

2,699.55

2,209.57

1,938.80

4,007.33

1,127.61

11,513.64

11,228.68

1,627.20

Gas Lighting, Kowloon, ....

Maintenance of Public Recreation Ground,.

Expenses of the Clock Tower,

* There is a credit amount of $787,54 on account of refund and penalty, leaving a credit balance of $159.89.

420.16 246.00

$ 100,071.78

HONGKONG PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT.

Statement of Expenditure to 30th June, 1896.

Work.

EXTRAORDINARY PUBLIC WORKS.

Expenditure.

Total.

Prior to 1896.

During 1896.

$. c.

Central Market,.....

259,360.26

1,200.00

Erection of Queen's Static,

3,784.60

4,689.20

Improvements, Recreation Ground, Happy Valley,

328.99

Slaughter-House, Sheep and Pig Depôts,

91,949.21

8.225.28

Gaol Extension,..

79,024.59

6,368.74

260,560.26

8,473.80 328.99 95,174.49

85,393.33

Kowloon New Roads,

$62.69

New Water Mains,

170,539.04

12,590.45

Sewerage of Victoria,

244,935.50

6,052 43

Water Supply, Kowloon Peninsula,

112,721.98

4,725.13

862.69 183,129.49 250,987.93 117,447.11

Tytam Water Works Extension,..

37,590.09

11,738.13

49.828.22

Kowloon Cattle Depôt,......

6,486.86

6,156.86

Water and Drainage Works, Miscellaneous,

13,656.16

19,406.15

33,062.31

Isolation Hospital,......

4,770.09

Central Police Station-Additional Quarters, &c.,

3,535.01

8,618.28

12,153.29

Signalling Station and Lines of Communication with same,

3,556.01

448.87

4,004.38

Extension of Streets Kennedy Town,..

3,720.22

Taipingshan Improvement,

1,064.64

7,247.02

8,311.66

Salisbury Road, Kowloon,

900.00

675.00

1,575.00

Plague Account,

52,581.82

11,123.98

63,705.80

$1,081,685.77

$107,790.15

$1,189,475.92

* There is a credit of $84.93 for Stores returnel anl as per Transfer Summary 294.

HONGKONG.

REGISTRAR GENERAL'S REPORT FOR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

389

No. 24

REGISTRAR GENERAL'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 20th May, 1896.

SIR,--I have the honour to forward herewith for your Excellency's information my report on the work of this department for the year 1895.

REVENUE.

The revenue collected during the year amounted to $92,921.00, and exceeded that of 1894 by $10,464.14. (See Tables I A., I B., I C.) The increase in the revenue from the markets is $7,995.54. Of this sum $6,925.76 is to be credited to the New Central Market, although all the markets, with the exception of the small market at Shektongtsui, have contributed to the increase. The revenue from hawkers licences which fell off in 1894 has risen again and is nearly equal to that collected in 1893, but the fifty vegetable stalls in the New Central Market have no doubt reduced the number of vegetable hawkers required in the Central District. The New Central Market was opened on the 1st of May. Table ID gives a comparison between it and the temporary market on the Praya, the accommodation provided for the sale of different articles of food, and the amount of rent collected in the latter in April and in the former in December. Two modifications of the sections into which the New Market was divided have been made by increasing the number of wholesale vege- table shops at the expense of the wholesale fish section, and by allotting ten shops in the poultry section to chandlers. Both the poultry section and the wholesale fish section are still too large, and I do not anticipate that the shops at present empty will be let. In the temporary market there were only seven vegetable stalls, and in consequence the Praya and adjacent streets were always full of hawkers of vegetables, and the Police were never able to keep them clear. The provision of fifty stalls has put an end to this. All the stalls are let and there was a very keen competition for them at first, the high- est rent offered being $17.20 a month; but several of the lessees of the more highly rented stalls have found the rents too high and have been compelled to cease business, and the stalls have been re-let to others at a lower figure. Thus two stalls let in June for $16.23 and $15.90 are now let for $8.12 and $7.20 respectively, and the lowest point has not yet been reached.

The improved accommodation provided in the new market has apparently attracted customers at the expense of the Western Market, in which several stalls have been surrendered, although previous to the opening of the New Central Market rents had steadily increased in the former market.

EXPENDITURE.

The actual expenditure in 1895 under the head of personal emoluments and other charges, includ- ing exchange compensation, was $18,585.13 as against $22,489.84 in 1894.

PÓ LÉUNG KUK INCORPORATION ORDINANCE.

(No. 18 of 1893.)

WOMEN AND GIRLS' PROTECTION ORDINANCE. (No. 11 of 1890.)

Under Part II of the Ordinance 195 women and girls were detained and were disposed of as shown in Table II (A). The number of girls still under the protection of the office under section 19 of the Ordinance has been further reduced to 57 (Table II B). Forty-eight girls were reported to the Pó Léung Kuk as missing in Hongkong during the year, and only ten were found again. The number of women who disappeared was 46, and only four were found again. These figures which are given in Table II (C) compare favourably with those for the year 1893.

The repeal of Part III of Ordinance 11 of 1890, which enforced the registration of brothels, has resulted, as was anticipated, in a large increase in the number of what are termed "sly brothels," ie., those which have no sign-board and are not used as public houses of entertainment. In September the number was estimated by the Police to be 124 and the number of inmates 424. These brothels are largely used by pimps as places of assignation for married women, and as it is known that in them young girls are introduced to a life of prostitution by their owners, they have been searched from time to time under warrant and rescues have been effected of girls who were dealt with under the Ordinance. Most of the sly brothels only occupy one floor of a house and some even only half of a

390

floor. The increase in their numbers is naturally very prejudicial to family life among the poorer classes, and has been viewed with great dissatisfaction by the Chinese, but they cannot be persuaded to take the prescribed legal proceedings against brothels, as that would entail an appearance in the witness box, from which they have a great aversion.

The Permanent Committee of the Pó Léung Kuk has met monthly during the year and has continued to work harmoniously and efficiently. The question of the erection of a New Home has been engaging its attention. Plans have been approved, and it is hoped that the new building wilk be ready for occupation at the end of this year.

EMIGRATION.

The number of women and children permitted to emigrate and at whose examination an officer from this department was present was 11,008 as compared with 6,455 in 1894 and 9,109 in 1893. Details regarding them are given in Table III. Only ten were detained by me under the provisions of Ordinance 11 of 1890. Those who are bright are trained to answer the questions put to them in such a way as to afford no reasonable grounds for detention, and there is no doubt that a large number of the younger women who go as prostitutes do not regard themselves as free-agents and hold themselves, bound in honour to obey their mistresses orders. If the Chinese houses in which the women are lodged before they emigrate were licensed and placed under closer supervision than at present exists, it would be possible to more easily safeguard the interests of female emigrants before leaving this Colony. It must, however, be remembered that most of them emigrate to Singapore where steps are taken to secure their well-being.

POPULATION.

In previous years the death-rate has been calculated for the estimated population on the 31st December, but for this year the population of the Colony has been calculated for the 30th June, and, estimated on the average increase between 1857 and 1891, was as follows:--

British and Foreign Community

(including Army and Navy).

10,828

Chinese.

237,670

Total.

248,498

This estimate, however, can have little pretensions to accuracy owing to the measures taken in consequence of the plague in 1894, the removal of mezzanine floors, the closing of basements and the regulation of common lodging-houses. With a view to more accurate returns, I am of opinion that a census of the population of Victoria, if not of the whole Colony, should be taken at least once every five years. The taking of a census is quite familiar to the Chinese and creates no alarm, whilst the expense is not great, and one is certainly required if an accurate knowledge of the number of the inhabitants of each district of the city is thought necessary.

I am indebted to the Sanitary Department for the following figures shewing the number of pigs slaughtered for food in the Colony during the years 1891-1895:-

1891, 1892,

1893,

1894,

1895,

.122,942 .126,766

.131,298

.125,725

.129,035

Taking them as a guide the population may be roughly estimated at 236,000, and this is no doubt the nearest approximation that can be made.

MARRIAGES.

(Ordinance No. 14 of 1875.)

The number of marriages solemnized during the year was 90 as compared with 61 in 1894. Two of these, however, were celebrated twice, so that the actual number was 88. The number of permits issued for firing crackers on the occasion of marriages between Chinese in Victoria was 194.

BIRTHS AND DEATHS.

(Ordinance No. 7 of 1872.)

Table IV A contains the number of births and deaths registered during the year. Table IV B the death-rate at different ages, and in Table IV C will be found the causes of death. The number of births among the British and Foreign Community was 232 as compared with 205 in 1894. The number of births registered among the Chinese was 1,195 as compared with 1,250 in 1894 and 1,575 in 1893. A truer approximation to the actual number of births in these three years, obtained by a method explained in the Registrar General's report for 1893, would be 2,126, 1,995, and 2,000 respectively. It is not improbable that the number of women in the Colony has decreased, the intrusion on private life, caused by the domiciliary visits necessitated by the plague, being viewed naturally with the greatest dislike.

391

The number of deaths registered in the British and Foreign Community was 191 as compared with 251 in 1894; among the Chinese 5,209 as compared with 7,156 in 1894 and 5,230 in 1893. The causes of the deaths which occur in the Tung Wa Hospital are now reported by Mr. U I-KAI. The knowledge of the real causes of these deaths is of considerable importance, as almost all the members of the adult working population who die in Victoria are removed to that hospital on being taken ill. 171 out of the 191 deaths among the British and Foreign Community, and 1,757 out of the 5,209 among the Chinese Community were certified to by medical certificate or by the Coroner. It is impossible to expect a larger percentage of certified deaths among the Chinese Community until steps are taken to provide a supply of Chinese doctors with a suitable training in Western medical science.

The following table shows the number of deaths and the death-rate per 1,000 during the past six

years:--

Estimated Population.

1890

1891

1892

1893

1894

1895

British and Foreign,

10,972

10,494

10,590

10,686

10,782

10,828

Chinese,

.187,770

214,320

221,072

228,038

235,224

237,670

Total,.

.198,742

224,814 231,662

238,724

246,006

248,498

Deaths.

4,553

5,374

4,906

5,422

7,407

5,400

Death-rate per 1,000.

British and Foreign, Chinese,

17.13

18.20

17.37

17.97

23.28

17.64

23.25

24.18

21.36

22.93

30.42

21.92

Total,

22.90

23.90

21.18

22.71

30.11

21.73

BURIALS.

Of the 4,106 Chinese who died in Victoria 3,850 were buried in the Colony, the bodies of 191 were sent away, and 65 coffins were reported as being in the Mortuary awaiting interment or removal.

EXHUMATIONS.

157 permits were granted during the year to exhume human remains for removal to China or for re-burial in the Colony. The Tung Wa Hospital has commenced the exhumation of over 4,000 bodies buried in their cemeteries, and there is no reason why the Government should not follow its example when the present Chinese cemeteries under its control become full,

HOSPITAL DEATHS.

Table IV (D) contains a return of the number of hospital deaths, which amounted to 1,439 or 26.65 per cent. of the total number of deaths for the year.

Table IV (E) gives particulars regarding the Tung Wa Hospital. The number of those under treatment during the year was 2,840; of these 1,457 were discharged, whilst the number of deaths was 1,210 or 42.61 per cent. of the number admitted.

The out-patients during the year were:-

Male, Female,..

108,835. 54,457.

The closer supervision exercised by the Government over the hospital has not affected the number of non-paying patients, but it is noticeable that whereas there were 34 paying patients under treatment in 1893, there were none in 1894 and 1895. In 1890 there were 53, in 1891 74 and in 1892, 49.

VACCINATION ORDINANCE.

(No. 5 of 1890.)

978 vaccination notices were issued during the year, and 822 certificates of successful vaccination received.

Particulars are given in Table V.

There were no prosecutions under the Ordinance.

REGISTRATION OF BOOKS.

(No. 10 of 1888.)

Only 28 books were registered during the year as compared with 63 in 1894. The usual quarterly lists were published in the Gazette.

392

REGISTRATION OF HOUSEHolders.

(Ordinance No. 13 of 1888, Chapter III.)

Table VI A is a return of the number of householders certificates issued and of the number of changes of tenancy reported during the year.

Table VI B is a return of the number of shops opend and closed. From this table it will be seen that 1,199 shops were opened and 837 shops closed.

NIGHT-PASSES.

(Ordinance No. 13 of 1888, Chapter VI.)

1,294 applications for the issue of quarterly night-passes were received and dealt with during the year, and 233 new annual passes were issued.

PERMITS.

(Ordinance No. 13 of 1888, Chapter V.)

The nature and number of the permits issued during the year were as follows :---

To erect sheds,

To fire crackers,

To hold processions,

To perform theatricals,

SCRETIES REFERRED FOR REPORT.

.332

438

The number of sureties referred to this Department for report during the year was 921. They were distributed as follows:

Harbour Department,

Magistracy,....

Police Department,

Botanical and Afforestation Departinent,...

Supreme Court,

Crown Solicitor,

471

.174

.239

921

DISTRICT WATCHMEN.

A full statement of the revenue and expenditure for the year is given in Table VII (A), and the state of the force on the 31st December and other particulars will be found in table VII (B).

The District Watchmen were instrumental in bringing 337 cases before the Police Magistrate, and the Committee is indebted to the Chinese papers, the Tsun Wan Yat Pó and to the Wai San Yat Pó, for continuing to publish weekly lists of these cases for the information of the subscribers to the District Watchmen Fund.

The

The contributions to the Fund were larger than those in 1894, being $7,552.20 compared with $7,508.10. The actual expenditure was $10,004.22 compared with $9,341.51 in 1894. balance to the credit of the Fund is $13,408.26. The loss on exchange amounts to $86.23. Of this sum $64.03 are due to the discount at which the Chinese subsidiary coinage stands. The contributions are voluntary, and being made for a private purpose it is impossible to require payment in Hongkong The amount received in Chinese coins was $5,617.40 whilst only a sum of $607.10 was collected in Hongkong coin.

coins.

The assistance rendered by members of the district watchmen force during the plague has been recognised by the Government by a grant of $426.75

CHINESE RECREATION Ground.

The Fund is now free from debt and

(See table VIII.)

The Government loan of $6,000 was paid off in June. on the 31st December had a balance of $840.11 to its credit.

The most useful method of disposing in accordance with the instructions of the Secretary of State of what it is reasonably expected will be a steadily increasing balance is under the consideration of the Committee of Management. Arrangements have been made with the Public Works Department to rebuild the cooking-stalls in a substantial manner. In December last 51 shops and 17 letter-writers tables were let. The number of the latter is being reduced as occasion offers. Nine permits were

393

issued for the sale of various articles on the ground. The revenue from the rent of shops, &c. was $2,008.13 compared with $2,189.81 in 1894. The expenditure was $1,888.66, including $1,000 in repayment of the Government loan. A sum of $250.95 was expended in repairing damage caused by typhoons.

CHARITABLE FUNDS.

Table IX gives a statement of account of the Market Charitable Fund. Two pensioners are at present supported out of it, viz.:~

PANG WA a man whose hands were blown off by an explosion of dynamite, and Kwong Ho, a widow, left destitute by the death of her husband and with a large family.

Table X gives a statement of account of the Passage Money Fund.

THE COOLIE STRIKE.

The chief event of the year among the Chinese community was the strike of the coolies on account of the steps taken to prevent overcrowding by enforcing the registration of common lodging- houses. It is doubtful who were the instigators of the strike. One of its peculiar features was that no grievance was alleged by those on strike who, without advancing any reason, simply refused to register. Fortunately the Government maintained a firm attitude and refused to yield to pressure from certain quarters which should never have been brought to bear on it. The public supported the action of the Government, and, when it was seen that no concession would be made, the strike soon collapsed. To this end the aid so readily rendered by the Military in discharging cargoes from vessels in the harbour greatly contributed, and the collapse was also expedited by the care taken by this department to explain orally and by printed notices the object of the new regulations. These explan- ations prevented misrepresentation by which the ignorant masses are so often misled into resisting any new departure.

The number of common lodging-houses registered on the 31st December last was 457, the number in Victoria being 443, licensed to accommodate 6,849 coolies. In 1891 the number of coolie-houses in Victoria was 404, and the number of coolies occupying them 9,474. Some temporary inconvenience has been caused by the reduction of the number of inmates, necessitated by the bye-laws, but it has been lessened by carrying out the licensing gradually.

STAFF.

The posts of Colonial Secretary and Registrar General were amalgamated on the 24th March, the salary of the amalgamated posts being fixed at $810 a month, the salary formerly paid to the Colonial Secretary. By this arrangement a saving has been effected of $567 a month, being the salary form- erly drawn by the Registrar General. Mr. FUNG CHAN, who had been in the Government Service since 1869, first in the Post Office in Japan and since 1880 in this Office, retired on pension at the end of March, and on the 10th of April Mr. Lo MAN-KAM was appointed on six months probation to fill the post of Registration Clerk. His appointment has since been confirmed. Mr. T. IV. QUINCEY was appointed second Chinese clerk and interpreter in April in place of Mr. Lo MAN-YUK who joined the Government Service in the Straits Settlements. Mr. QUINCEY had performed the duties of the post since the 3rd October, 1894. In accordance with the recommendations of the Retrenchment Committee approved by the Secretary of State the salary of Mr. WONG WING-CHIC, Chinese clerk and shroff, was raised from $360 to $540 a year, and that of Mr. WONG KI-CHO, Chinese Writer, from $240 to $360.

In conclusion, I wish to avail myself of this opportunity to place on record my appreciation of the great aid rendered to me in discharging the duties of this department by Mr. BREWIN, the Acting Assistant Registrar General.

I have the honour to be,

His Excellency

THE GOVERNOR.

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary and Registrar General,

394

Table I.

A.-Comparative Statement of the Revenue during the Years 1894 and 1895, respectively.

ORDINANCES UNDER WHICH

RECEIVED.

DESCRIPTION.

No. OF LICENCES

AND CERTIFICATES REVENUE: REVENUE

ISSUED.

INCREASE.DECREASE.

IN 1891.

IN 1895.

1894.

1895.

Hawkers,

4,497

5,842

4,723.50

$ C.

5,597.00

873.50

Ordinance 21 of 1887,

Regulations under Ordi- nance No. 26 of 1891,...

Chinese Undertakers, Rowing Boats, Water Boats, Cinder, &c. Boats, and Fish drying Hulks. Cargo Boats, Lighters,

160.00

1,774

2,011

5,532.00

6,123.25 591.25

Miscellaneous,

Ordinance No. 13 of 1888,

Ordinance No. 9 of 1867, Ordinance No. 21 of 1887,

Ordinance No. 7 of 1872,... Ordinance No. 14 of 1875,... Ordinance No. 17 of 1887,... Ordinance No. 8 of 1895,...]

and other boats, Householders, Re-registration,

Removals,

Extracts, Bonds,

Money Changers,

Births and Deaths, Marriages, Markets,

Arms Licences, Cattle Shed,

Wooden huts,

Houses in New Street,... Sale of Chinese Gazette, Estreatment of Bond, Duplicate Pass,

Li Hoi's pension (re-

funded),

1,673

1,793

10,657.00

11,425.00

768.00

285.00

150.00

135.00

883

1,005

883.00

1,005.00

122.00

...

17.25

155

157

38.75

15.00 39.25

2.25

...

0.50

5.00

109

107

545.00

535.00

10.00

108.55

102.15

6.40

:::

121.00

331.00

55,578.81 | 63,574.35

210.00 7,995.54

...

140.00

230.00

90.00

2,580.00

2,220.00

360.00

Laundries,

...

320.00

350.00

30.00

383.00

74.70

308.30

225.00

594.30

369.30

46.00

45.00

1.00

100.00

350.00

250.00

1.00

7.00

...

7.00

TOTAL,...

DEDUCT DECREASE,

Cargo boats,..

Lighters,

82,456.86 92,921.00 11,300.09

835.95

TOTAL INCREASE IN THE YEAR 1895,

.$ | 10,464.14

Other boats,

Rowing boats,

Water boats,

Fishing drying hulks,

(B).-Fees from Boats.

$ 9,001.50

Cinder boats, bumboats and hawkers boats,

TOTAL....

915.00 1,508.50

4,725.00

484.00

687.50

226.75

.$ 17,548.25

(C).—Revenue from the Markets and the Number of Shops and Stalls Occupied and Unoccupied

Contral,

Western,.

Markets.

at the end of 1895.

Revenue. $31,560.51

Shops and Stalls. Occupied. Unoccupied.

253

19,389.49

129

Wanchai,

Saiyingpun,

Sukunpo,

Shaukiwan,

Shektongtsui,

Yaumati,

6,195.66

1,839.35

537.40

550.65

120.80

2,213.55

Hunghom,

1,166.94

TOTAL,.....

.$ 63,574.35

672

835.95

Section.

(D).

Temporary Market, April, 1895.

New Market, December, 1895.

Number

in Section.

Reut.

Number in Section.

Number Let.

Rent.

cts.

$ cts.

Shops--Beef and Mutton,....

277.40

Chandlers,...

102.16

172.00

Poultry,.....

390.75

reduced to

Fruit,....

138.01

557.95

326.00

Vegetable,.....

121.00

increased to!

646.00

Fruit and Vegetable,

258.25

...

Fish,

88.10

reduced to

136,00

Sundries,

32.50

Marine Delicacies,

18.20

Congee,

37.75

Pastry,

6.00

:..

Stalls-Beef and Mutton,

241.72

Pork,

298.58

329.16

Fish,

204.80

273.31

Vegetable,

17.00

397.30

Sundries,

8.60

...

Total,

$1,963.42

$3,115.12

Table II.-(A).

Return showing how women who came under the protection of the Registrar General

Permitted to leave,

were provided for during the year.

Restored direct to parents or relatives,

Restored to husbands,

Restored to guardians,

Restored to native place,

Restored to native place through charitable institutions in China,

Sent to Haiphong through the French Consul,

Sent to Italian Convent,...................

Adopted,

Married,

Died,.....

Absconded,.

Total,......

195

Table II.-(B.)

Return giving particulars regarding girls who are required to report

themselves to the Registrar General.

Required to report themselves quarterly,

Required to report themselves less than four times a year,.

Required to report themselves when required,

Required to report themselves when married,

Married during the year,.

Adopted during the year,

Absconded,

Died,....

Exempted from reporting herself,

3333

Total,........

395

396

Table II.-(C.)

Return showing the Number of Persons reported to the Pó Léung Kuk as missing and of those who have been reported as recovered for the year 1895.

DISAPPEARED IN HONGKong.

Men, Boys,

79 49

Women, Girls,

128

RECOVERED.

Men, Boys,

omen,

Girls,

DISAPPEARED IN CHINA.

Men,

.157

Women,

Boys,

Girls,

183

RECOVERED.

Men, Boys,

Women,

Girls,

DISAPPEARED IN MACAO.

Men, Boys,

Women, Girls,

RECOVERED.

Nil.

DISAPPEARED IN SINGAPORE.

Men,

Boys,

RECOVERED. Nil.

Women, Girls,

Table III.

Return showing the number of Female Passenger's and Boys examined and passed at the Emigration Office under "The Chinese Emigration Consolidation Ordinance, 1889," during the year 1895. An Officer from the Registrar General's Office was present at each examination.

Countries.

Women.

Boys.

Girls.

Total.

Honolulu, .....

155

300

Mauritius,

San Francisco,

114

Straits Settlements,

7,912

1,340

1,241

10,493

Vancouver, B. C......................

8,193

1,497

1,318

11,008

DISTRICTS.

Table IV. (A.)

RETURNS OF BIRTHS AND DEATHS FOR THE YEAR 1895.

BRITISH AND FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

CHINESE.

GRAND TOTAL.

BIRTHS.

DEATHS.

BIRTHS.

DEATHS.

BIRTHS.

DEATHS.

Boys.

Girls.

Total. Males. Females.

Sex

Unknown.

Total. Boys. Girls.

Total.

Males. Females.

Sex

Unknown.

Total.

Victoria,

103

888

201

127

172

521

371

892

2,457

1,647

4,106

1,093

4,278

Kaulung,

Shaukiwán,

Aberdeen,

Stanley,.

: :

3888

115

319

208

527

145

541

104

192

157

351

105

354

ล

20 12

177

179

ΤΟΤΑΙ.,

119

113

232

139

DEATHS.

BRITISH & FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

DEATHS IN PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS.

191

683

513

1,195 3,094 2,108

5,209

1,427

5,400

ESTIMATED POPULATION.

Annual Birth-Rate Annual Death-Rate per 1,000.

per 1,000.

Europeans, exclusive of Portuguese,... 92

Of the Deaths in Victoria, there were in the-

Males. Females. Total.

British and Foreign Community,

10,828

21.43

17.64

Portuguese,

Tung Wa Hospital,....

1,014

189 1,203

Indians,

Chinese,....

.237,670

5.03

21.92

Italian Convent,

113

263

376

Japanese, &c.,.

Asile de la Stc. Enfance,

323

584

.907

Whole Population,

.248,498

5.74

. 21.73

TOTAL,..

191

TOTAL,.

1,450

1,036 2,486

397

393

Table IV. (C)—RETURN SHOWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

CLASSIFICATION

CAUSES OF DEATH.

(IN GROUPS.)

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

VICTORIA DISTRICT.

DIVISION.

I.-General Diseases.

Group A.,

B..

C.,

D.,

Civil.

Army.

Navy.

Sokonpo.

Bowrington.

09 2010 20

II.- Local Diseases.

The Nervous System,

The Circulatory System, The Respiratory System,. The Digestive System, The Urinary System,... The Generative System. Affectious connected with

Pregnancy,

** 10 24 00

Affections connected with

Parturition,

Disease of Organs of Loco-

motion,

NIN

i 10 1000

༠༣ ུ་ ༠

Wautsai.

lawan.

13 118

1000

194

191

227

Sheungwan.

Chungwan.

Táiingshan.

Saiyingpun.

Shektongtsui.

Kennedy-

town.

Harbour.

12 649

223

133

347

142

127

10 01

21 22

*~*

心

139

100

110 995

703

1,431 490

178

Disease of Skin,

III.-Ill-defined & Undiag-

nosed,

TOTAL, ALL CAUSES,... 153 | 50

I.-General Diseases.

A.-Specific Febrile

Diseases.

(1)-Exanthemata.

Small-pox,

Measles,

Fever, Typhus,

Typhoid,

Simple,

Cholera,

Choleraic Diarrhoea,

Cholera Infantum,

Dysentery,

Influenza,

Plague,

(2)- Malarial.

Fever, Intermittent,

Remittent,

Beri-Beri,

Malarial Cachexia,.

(3)-Septic.

30 12 30

16:

Erysipelas,

Pycemia,

Septicemia,.

Puerperal Fever,

Septieæmia,

Phagedana,...

Syphilis,

(1)- Fenercal.

Congenital,

Gonorrhea,

Suppurating Balm,

♡

Tomi Group 4...

107

1 109

118

نا

30 00 00 quest

194

32593

21:222

349 66

+12

I-

121

...

918

...

ون

118

194

REGISTERED DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1895.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

399

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

DISTRICT.

KOWLOON SHAUKIWAN ABERDEEN STANLEY DISTRICT. DISTRICT.

DISTRICT.

GRAND

TOTAL.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Under 1

Month.

Over 1 & under 12 Months.

Over 1 & under

5 Years.

Over 5 & under 15 Years.

Over 15 & un-

der 45 Years.

Over 45

Age

Years.

Unknown.

150 15

སྐྱམ:

10:

:?:

川は88

85-195

111

721

271

1,267

118

164

480

139

764

167

163

ཉྩ་སྶས:;

393

1,221

518

532

1,139

161

388

114

178 101

543

307 220 200 151

64 113

952 567

408

289

1,871 1,299

5,400

199

109

166

389

15:

82::60

285

to so

:: c

104

213

བྱ1འ |:ཀྱ

262

425

118

144

517

196

824

}

121821-

22-272 18

25 .35

721

271

1.267

400

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

VICTORIA DISTRICT.

CAUSES.

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

Civil.

DIVISION.

13 118

194

Brought forward,...| 37

General Diseases.-Cont

B.-Diseases dependent on Specific External Agents. (1)-Parasites.

Worms,

(2)-Poisons.

Vegetable, (Opium),

Narcotic Poison,......

Morphia Poison,..

(3)—Effects of Injuries.

Burns and Scalds,

Sun-strokes,

Heat Apoplexy,

Asphyxia,

Drowning,

Straugulation,

::ས::

Wounds,

Privation,

Shock and Hæmorrhage, Fracture of Skull,

of Spine,

Rupture of Spleen,. Internal Injuries,

Dislocation of Vertebræ,

Rupture of Spinal Chord, Suffocation & Genl. Injuries, (4)--Errors of Diet. Alcoholism,

Total Group B.,... C.-Developmental

Diseases.

Immaturity at Birth,

Debility,

Old Age,

Marasmus,

9 6

Total Group C.,... 8

D.—Miscellaneous

Diseases.

Rheumatic Fever,

Rheumatism,

Scrofula,

Aïæmia,

Tabes Mesenteria,

Total Group D........

Total Class I, .

II.-Local Diseases.

A.-The Nervous System.

Meningitis,

Abscess of Brain,

Apoplexy,

: ܗ: :

∞ 1 2

Paralysis,

Convulsions,

Tetanus,

Trismus,

Inflammation of Brain,

Cerebral Effusion,

Softening,

་་

Tumour,

Epilepsy,

Mania,

co 10:

22:

5 97

...

ลง

19 218

:..

: :

•

170

191

}

:: ོ ོ

6 254 615 132

•

ལ:。

ܗ:

588

133

༩༠

ނނ

649

223

867

1.1 477 701 192

34 46

Carried forward,... 82 21

132

105

CC 10

172

104

121

133

من

: ;

- I

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1895,—Continued.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

心

750

159 155

心

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

KOWLOON SHAUKIWAN ABERDEEN STANLEY DISTRICT. DISTRICT. DISTRICT.

DISTRICT.

GRAND TOTAL.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Population. Land

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Under 1

Month.

Over 1 & under 12 Months.

Over 1 & under

5 Years.

Over 5 & under] 15 Years.

Over

15 & un-

der 45 Years.

Over 45

Age

Years.

Unknown.

:21::

རེ།¢: ང

136

139

239

134

111

སྤུ:12221?] ::: -: -‚

- انت نر

1.9

心

نت

12:

10:

- 31

فر

KON

112

271

164

480

心

842

466

1,915

764 167

162

دن

1,206

833

406

316

178

891

497

3,121

བཿ ཡ ་

12 20

}

10 21

111

السرير

721

271

1,267

401

402

CAUSES.

RETURN SHOWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

VICTORIA DISTRICT.

DIVISION.

Civil.

Army.

Navy.

| Sokoupo.

Bowrington.

Wantsai.

Hawan.

Sheungwan.

Chungwan.

Taipingshan.

Saiyingpun.

Shektongtsni.

Kennedy-

town.

Harbour.

31 867

11 177 701 192

Brought forward,... 82 21 4

Local Diseases,-Cont

The Nervous System.

Brought forward,... 24

649

Hemiplegia,..

Paraplegia,

Myelitis,

Disseminated Schrosis,

Total Nervous System,... 24

B.—The Circulatory System.

Valvular Heart Disease, Aneurysm,

Pericarditis,

Atrophy of Heart,

Fatty Generation of Heart,.

Partial Rupture of Pulmo-

nary Artery,

Syncope,

Epistaxis,

•

Total Circulatory System,

C.--The Respiratory

System.

Croup,

Bronchitis,

Pneumonia,

Phthisis,

Pleurisy,

Asthma,

Atelectasis,

Hæmoptysis,

Emphysema,

Congestion of Lung,

•

☺☺

:::

7 3 2

9 2

Total Respiratory System, 27

D.--The Digestive System.

Hæematemesis,

1 12

649

: co oo

223

co::

136

178

1 23

133

347

142

6 3

Quinsy,

Diarrhoea,

Colic,

Hepatitis,

Cirrhosis of Liver,

Ascites,

Peritonitis,

Jaundice,

Noma,

Hernia,

Enteritis,

Gum-boil,

Fistula in Auo,

Ulceration of Abdominal Walls,.

Tuberele Abdominal,

Sores,

Melua.

Abscess of Liver,

Liver Disease,....

Malignant Disease of Bowel,

Tumour of Ab-

domen,

Cancer of Rectum,

Necrosis of Maxilla,

Sarcoma of Superior Maxilla,

...

of Liver,

Gastritis,

Total Digestive System,... 21

127

Carried forward,...[137

30 8 51

974

633

1,226

377

131

267 162 179 145

در

૩

♡

نت

172

401

104

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1895,—Continued.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

KOWLOON SHAUKIWA

DISTRICT.

ABERDEEN DISTRICT.

STANLEY

DISTRICT.

121

Land

Population.

Bont

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Under 1

Mouth.

Over 1 & under

12 Months.

Over 1 & under

5 Years,

Over 5 & under

15 Years.

Over 15 & u- der 45 Years.]

Over

Years. 45

Age Un-

known.

fund

25 161

110

838

494

365

248 1.620

1,164

131

388

4,739

DHA ~ Jurnal

833

405

316 173

891

197

764

167

162

764

167

163

10 00 00 O M

30 10 10

49 518 532

N-

ལམ::

آن

289

215

bd 00 00 p

1,139

1,221

1,206

3,121

GRAND TOTAL.

403

404

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

VICTORIA DISTRICT.

DIVISION.

CAUSES.

Civil.

Sokonpo.

Bowrington.

Wantsai.

8 51

338

Army.

Navy.

Brought forward....137 30

Local Diseases,-Cont

E.—-The Urinary System.

Nephritis,

Bright's Disease,

Vesical Calculus,

Tumour of Right Kidney,

Uræmia,

Diabetes,

Tumour of Bladder,

Cirrhosis of Kidney,

Sheungwan.

Chungwan.

Táipingshau.

Saivingpnu.

Shektongtsui.

Kennedy-

town.

Harbour.

81 974

23 633 1,226 377

Hawan.

Hæmaturia,.

Total Urinary System,...]

F--The Generative System. Ovarian Tumour,

Hæmorrhage from Uterus,... Inflammation of Uterus,. Gangrene of Scrotum & Penis, Cancer of Uterus,

Malignant Disease of Uterus,

- Total Generative System,

G.-Affections connected

with Pregnancy.

18-

11235

131

Abortion,

Premature Labour,

Total Affections connected

: 10

with Pregnancy,.........

H.-Affections connected

with Parturition.

Puerperal Eclampsia, Child Birth,

Unknown, Died within a month after delivery,...

Total Affectious connected

with Parturition,

I.—Diseases of Organs of Locomotion.

Caries of Spine,

Hip Joint Disease...

Disease of Joints,

Chronic Disease of Foot,.

Gangrene of Foot,

Abscess of Foot,.

Total Disease of Organs

of Locomotion, J.-Disease of Skin.

Epithelioma, Cellulitis of Neck,

Total Disease of Skin,..

...

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

Total Class II,.............. 85 12 5

III.-Undefined.

275

:..

: :

63 760

18 395

678

257

105

*:*

૨૦૦૪

පා:

115

139 100

૪

35 110 995

703

1,431 490

178

Dropsy, Uleer,

Undiagnosed,

Total Class III..........

GRAND TOTAL,....153

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31st DAY OF DECEMBER, 1895,—Continued.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

405

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

KOWLOON SILAUKIWAN ABERDEEN DISTRICT. DISTRICT. DISTRICT.

STANLEY DISTRICT.

GRAND

TOTAL.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Under 1

Month.

Over 1 & under

12 Months.

Over 1 & under

5 Years.

Over 5 & under

15 Years.

Over 15 & un-

der 45 Years.

Over 45

Age

Years.

Unknown.

267 162 179 145

64 110

838

Land

Population.

;

494

365

248

1,620 | 1,164

4,739

10 00

10.00

→

137

66 38 72

769 255

211

118

851

732

2,942

114

留心心

154

481

114

178 101

543

307

220 200 151

64 113

952 567

408 289 1,871 1,299

5,400

406

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER OF DEATHS THAT OCCURRED IN THE

UNDERMENTIONED INSTITUTIONS,

During the Year ended the 31st day of December, 1895.

THE TUNG WA HOSPITAL, situate in Taipingshan Division of the City.

THE ITALIAN CONVENT,

L'ASILE DE LA STE. ENFANCE,

situate in the Chung Wan Division of the City. situate in the Ha Wan Division of the City

Causes.

No.

Causes.

No.

Canses.

No.

Small-Pox,

Fever, Simple Continued,..

107

Fever, Simple,.

Remittent,

187

Tetanus var. Trismus,

122

Tetanus var. Trismus,.

596

Intermittent,

Dysentery,

Atrophy (Marasmus},

167

Convulsions (Infantile).....

Beri-Beri,

Debility,

Convulsions (Infantile),

Diarrhoea,

Convulsions,

Typhoid Fever,

Diarrhoea,....

Atrophy (Marasmus),

Choleraic Diarrhoea,

Plague,

Phthisis,..

Phthisis,

Malarial Cachexia,

Erysipelas,

Ulcer,

Croup,...

Septicemia,

Syphilis,

Dropsy,

7 Epilepsy,

Fracture of Skull,

of Spine,

Old Age,..

Privation,

General Injuries,

Typhus Fever,

Old Age,

Marasmus,

Serofula,.

Rheumatic Fever,

Anemia,

Apoplexy,

Sunstroke,

Tabes Mesenterica,

Sores,

Tetanus,

Trismus,

Epilepsy.

Apoplexy,

Paralysis,

Inflammation of Uterus,

Meningitis,

Cerebral Hæmorrhage,

Unknown,

Epilepsy,

Hemiplegia,

Paraplegia,

}

Epistaxis,

Heart Disease,

Bronchitis,

103

Phthisis,

143

Pneumonia,

Asthma,

Pleurisy,

Hæmoptysis,

Emphysema,

Diarrhoea,

Jaundice,

Ascites,

Peritonitis,

Gastritis,

Hepatitis,.

Liver Disease,

Hæmatemesis,

Cirrhosis of Liver,

Quinsy,

Melana,

Noma,

Congestion of Lung,

Abscess of Liver,

Nephritis,

Bright's Disease,.

Uræmia,

Cirrhosis of Kidney,

Gangrene of Scrotum & Penis,

Malignant Disease of Uterus,.

Hæmaturia,

Cellulitis of Neck,

Epithelioma,

Abscess of Foot,

Caries of Spine,

Uleer,

Hip Joint Disease,

Dropsy,

Undiagnosed,

Total..

1,203

Total,

376

Total,............

907

Table IV. (B.)

Return showing Death Rates in Different Groups of Ages for the Year 1895.

407

British and Foreign.

Chinese.

Ages.

Deaths.

Per cent. of whole.

Deaths.

Per cent. of whole.

Under 1 mouth,

6.28

952

17.68

Over 1 and under 12 mouths,

10.47

570

10.55

Over 1 and under 5 years,

7.85

407

7.54

Over 5 and under 15 years,

4.71

286

5.30

Over 15 and under 45 years,

49.22

1,872

34.67

Over 45 years,

20.91

1,299

24.05

Unknown,

.53

.26

Total,......

191

100.00

5,400

100.00

Table IV. (D.)

HOSPITAL DEATHS.

British and Foreign.

Chinese.

Total.

Tung Wa Hospital,

Government Civil Hospital,..

Alice Memorial Hospital,

Royal Naval Hospital,

Military Hospital,

1,203

116

Peak Hospital,

Nethersole Hospital,

Kennedy Town Hospital,..

1,369

1,439

408

Table IV. (E.)

Report of the Number of Patients under Treatment in the Tung Wa Hospital during the year ended

31st December, 1895.

Remaining in Hospital on Dec. 31st, 1894.

Admitted during 1895.

Total under Treatment.

Discharged.

Patients.

Private

Deaths.

Remaining in Hospital Dec. 31st, 1895.

Private

Destitute. Paying Destitute. Paying Destitute. l'aying Destitute. Paying Destitute. Paying Destitute. Paying

Patients.

Patients.!

Patients.

Male,

Female,

2,360

2,451

1,285

372

389

172

1,019

147

191

108

2,732

2,840

1,457

1,210

173

Total,....

108

2,732

2,840

1,457

1,210

173

Ont Patients, during the year, Male,.....

Female,......

.....108,835

54,457

Table V.

Return showing the Number of Notices issued and Certificates of Successful Vaccination received under

Ordinance 5 of 1890, during the year 1895.

Notices served to have

children vaccinated.

Certificates of Successful vaccination received.

Districts.

Total.

European.

Chinese.

European.

Chinese.

Victoria,

Kowloon,

Shaukiwan,

Aberdeen,

Stauley,

102

499

601

167

527

691

205

102

876

978

167

655

822

Table VI. (A.)

Return of Householders' Certificates issued and Reports made to this Office of Changes in Tenancy under Ordinance 13 of 1888, during the Year 1895.

First Registration of Householders, Re-registration of Householders, Extract from Householders' Register, Removals of Householders,... Duplicate Householders' Certificates,

Reports of Changes in Tenancy,......

in.

out

DISTRICTS Nos.

Total.

TO CONN**

393

140

104

211

1,171

949

436

1,222

259

197

850

898

359

1,017

193

189

-:: 80

1,005

145

4,465

3,669

SHOPS CLOSED.—Districts Nos.

(B.)——Return compiled from the Householders' Registers of Chinese Shops opened and closed during the Year 1895.

SHOPS OPENED.-Districts Nos.

Business.

Total.

10.

Aerated Water Dealer, Artificial Flower Maker,. Baker,

Bamboo-ware Dealer,

Barber,

Banker,

Bean-curd Seller,.

Betel-nut Dealer,.

Bird's-nest Dealer,

Blacksmith,

Brazier,.....

Building Contractor,

Boat Builder,

Brick and Tiles Dealer,

Bricklayer,

Broom Maker,

Copper-ware Dealer,

نے

Total.

10.

...

co: T NÖ

-2500

: - Soal :

1:27

...

:- :-~

04721 INN

...

Carried forward,......

121

...

409

(B.)—Return compiled from the Householders' Registers of Chinese Shops opened and closed during the Year 1895,-Continued.

SHOPS OPENED.-Districts Nos.

SHOPS CLOSED.—Districts Nos.

BUSINESS.

Total.

10.

Brought forward,.

Copper and Iron Dealer,

Cake Seller,

Carpenter,

Cigar Dealer,

Charcoal Dealer,

Cigarette Company,

Cinnamon Dealer,

Chandler,

Commission Agent,.

Cotton Yarn Dealer,

Coal Merchant,

Coppersmith,

Confectioner,

•

Cotton-quilt Maker,

Cabinet Maker,

ลง

121

www

:..

•

10.

Total.

WONN

་་

Coffin Maker,

Caulker,

Conjee Seller,

Cow-lan Keeper,

Draper and Clothier,

Druggist,

Dyer,......

Dressing-case Maker,

Eating-house Keeper,

European Clothes Dealer,

Engineer,

Ni wi wi

Earthen-ware Dealer,

Fire-wood Dealer,

Foreign Goods Dealer,

Furniture Dealer,.........................

Fruiterer,

Flour Dealer,

232

...

Fire-arms Dealer,

Gambier Dealer,

General Goods Dealer,

Ground-nut Seller,

Carried forward,.......

: 5:

888

117

112

1242

...

178

...

118

4 595

...

888

386

410

(B.)--Return compiled from the Householders' Registers of Chinese Shops opened and closed during the Year 1895,-Continued.

SHOPS OPENED.- Districts Nos.

SHOPS CLOSED.-Districts Nos.

BUSINESS.

Total.

10.

Brought forward,..

117

112

72 178

595

General Merchant,

Ginseng Dealer,

Glass-ware Dealer,

Gold-leaf Dealer,

...

Haberdasher,

co::

Herbalist, ....

1184

...

Hemp-bags Dealer,

9:273

...

Husk-powder Dealer,

Ham Dealer,

Hat Maker,

...

Incensc-stick Seller,

Iron Dealer,

...

Ivory Dealer,

Ivory-ware Dealer,

Jinrieksha Builder,

Jade-stone Dealer,

Jeweller,

Kerosine Oil Dealer,

Looking-glass Frame Maker,

...

Locksmith, .....

Lacquer-ware Dealer,

Leather Dealer,

Lodging-house Keeper,

Lye Dealer,

Leather-trunk Maker,

Lantern Maker,

Lard Dealer,..

Milkman,

Mason,

Mat Seller,

Mat-bag Dealer,

927

21 2

...

Mat-shed Builder,

Money Changer,

...

Marine Delicacies Dealer,

Moxa Dealer,

Matches Dealer,

...

food or co

...

Carried forward,..............

ward,....

45 182 153

100

227

4 803

...

Сл

386

...

ཡ ོ:

135

118

84 128

.30

539

411

(B.)-Return compiled from the Householders' Registers of Chinese. Shops opened and closed during the Year 1895,-Continued.

SHOPS OPENED.-Districts Nos.

SHOPS CLOSED.- Districts Nos.

BUSINESS.

Total,

10.

Brought forward,...............

Marine Insurance Company,

Medicinal-wine Dealer,.

Medicinal-pill Dealer,

Our Maker,

Opium Divan Keeper,.

Oil and Sugar Dealer, Oil-paper Seller,

Opium Denler,

Old Clothes Dealer,

Omnibus Company,

པ་

Total.

10.

45 182 153 100 227

803

135

113

128

539

}

Oil Dealer,

Poulterer,

Paper-box Maker,

Painter,.

Piece Goods Dealer,

Portrait Painter.

...

16212

10 2

Porcelain Dealer,

Pastry Maker,

...

Pully Maker,

Photographer,

Plumber.

∞ ∞ :

Peppermint-oil Dealer,

Pig-lan Keeper,

Picture-frame Maker,

Pewterer,

...

Rattan Chair Maker,

Rice Dealer,

Roast-ment Soller,

Rattan Dealer,

Ready-made Clothes Dealer,

...

Rope and Sail Maker,

Sandal-wood Dealer,

...

Sail-maker,

Shoe-maker,

...

Silversmith,

...

Soap Manufacturer,...

...

Carried forward,.....

231

196

117

283

1,014

333

172

150 101

171

711

412

SHOPS CLOSED.-Districts Nos.

(B.)-Return compiled from the Householders' Registers of Chinese Shops opened and closed during the Year 1895,-Continued.

SHOPS OPENED.-D stricis Nos.

BUSINESS.

Total.

10.

Brought forward,..

49 231

196

117

283

4 1,014

...

172

150 101

171

1993

1222223

Stationer,

Syrup Seller,

Scroll and Fan Dealer,

Ship Charterer,

Ship Compradore, Soy Manufacturer,

Sheep-lan Keeper, Sapan-wood Dealer, Sugar Dealer,

•

Slippers (Straw) Dealer, Ship-chandler, Scales Maker,

Stockings Seller, Sign-board Maker, Salt Fish Dealer, Stone Cutter,

.....

Shark's-fins Dealer,. Turpeutine oil Dealer,. Timber Merchant,

Tailor,

...

10 2.2

...

711

...

Tinsmith,

.....

Tea Merchant,

Tobacconist,

Tea Caddy Maker,

Tea Saloon Keeper,. Umbrella Maker, Varnish Dealer,

Victualler,

Vermillion Dealer,

Vermillion and Paint Dealer,

Washerman,

Wine Dealer,

.....

Wooden Box Maker,

Watch-maker,

...

2:019

...

•

...

***

...

: :

...

Wedding Chair letter,

...

TOTAL,.

281

227

134

341

6 1,199

207

169

115 214

6 837

413

414

Table VII. (A.)

Statement of the Receipts and Expenditure relative to the Hongkong District Watchmen's Fund for the Year 1895.

RECEIPTS.

EXPENDITURE.

To Balance of previous Year,-

Disbursements in-

Districts Nos. 1 and 2.

On Fixed Deposit,.............

.$13,000.00

$15,129.66

At Current Account,

To Contributions by different Shops,

2,129.66

Wages of Head District Watchman,

240.00

Wages of Watchmen,

328.47

7,552.20

Wages of Cook,.

43.00

Oil,

20.04

Payment for Special Services,.

8.50

Rent of Station,

57.78

Lamp,..

0.50

Fines,

1.50

-$694.79

District No. 3.

دو

Sale of 47 Bayonets,

7.05

Wages of Head District Watchman,

240.00

Compensation for Damage to Uniform,

4.00

Wages of Watchmen,

1,273.50

Wages of Cook,.

48.00

Government Grant for Work during

Oil,

45.38

Rent of Station,

276.00

the Plague,

426 75

Lamp and liepairs,

0.85

Interest,....

709.57

-$1,883.73

District No. 4.

Wages of Head District Watchman,

240.00

Wages of Watchmen,

953,17

Wages of Cook,..

48.00

Oil,

40.54

Rent of Station,

216.00

Furniture,

2.20

-$1,499.91

District No. 5.

Wages of Head District Watchman,

285.00

Wages of Watchmen,

959.50

Wages of Cook,

48.00

Oil,

40.54

Rent of Station,..

312.00

-$1,645.04

District No. 6.

Wages of Head District Watchman,.

240.00

Wages of Watchmen,

1,090.21

Wages of Cook,

48.00

Oil,

43.40

Kent of Station,.

276.00

Alterations to Watch-house,

6.00

$1,703.61

Districts Nos. 7 and 8.

Wages of Head District Watchman,

240.00

Wages of Watchmen,

558.50

Wages of Cook,

48.00

Oil,

25.74

Rent of Station,

108.00

Repairs, &c., 10 Watch-house,

4.39

984.63

Miscellaneous Expenses.

Collector's Wages,

180.00

Manager's Wages,

96.00

Chinese Writer's Wages,

60.00

Detective's Wages,..

185.00

Stationery and Printing,

81.43

Coolie and Jiuricksha Hire,

11.04

Gratuities to Watchmen leaving the Ser-

vice, &c.,

114.05

Loss on Exchange,

86.23

Uniform, Equipment, &c.,

761.09

Sundries,

27.67

Grants for Service during the Plague,

426.75

$2,019.26

Total of Expenditure,......$10,430.97

Balance,

13,408.26

Total,..

$23,839.23

Total,......

.$23,839.23

Disposal of Balance,-

On Fixed Deposit,

At Current Account,

.$12,000.00

1,408.24

$13,408.26

Dr.

Table VII. (B)

State of District Watchmen Force for 31st December, 1895.

The Force consists at present of 66 men.

6 Head Watchmen................

4 Assistant Head Watchmen,

9 Watchmen,

19 Watchmen,

27 Watchmen,

1 Detective,

$240 a year.

@ $120

@ $ 90

@ $240

2 Watchmen receive

3 Watchmen receive

2 Watchmen resigned in 1895.

1 Died.

4 Were dismissed.

4 Entered the Force.

Table VIII.

$4.00 a month extra pay. .$2.00

$1.50 ..$1.00

Statement of the Receipts and Expenditure relative to the Chinese Recreation Ground for the Year 1895.

RECEIPTS.

To Balance of previous year,

Rent,.........

415

Cr.

EXPENDITURE.

720.64

By Wages to Collector,

دو

2,008.13

3 Watchmen, Scavenger,

Luiforms for 3 Watchmen,

3 Mats for Watelinen,

Oil,

24.00

259.50

72.00

20.88

.57

9.84

Brooms, &c.,

Rent of Watchmeu's Quarters,

Stationery,

2.39

108.00

21.13

Water used at the cooking-stalls,

119.40

Repair of Damage to buildings,

250.95

Re-payment of Government Loan,

1,000.00

Balance in the hands of Colonial Treasurer,

840,11

2,728.77

Dr.

Table IX.

Statement of Account of the Market Charitable Fund 1895.

Cr.

To Amount on fixed deposit,

on current deposit,

in the hands of the shroff,

subscribed for Pang Wa,

1,000.00 583.30 81.25 140.00

By grant to Leung Kwok Chung,..

10.00

>>>

donation to Alice Memorial Hospital,

, grant to Lai Wai to pay the cost of his

return to Ká Ying Chau,

50.00

5.00

of interest on current deposit for

advance to Wong Wing Chiu for petty

the year,

11.83

expenses,

80.00

of interest on fixed deposit for 12

months,

50.00

cost of coat and trowsers for Hui Yau, "grant to Hui Pung,

1.25

5.00

to Ip Wo Het to enable him to return

home,

3.00

Charitable Allowance to Pang Wa,.

23.50

" grant to Tsang King,

10.00

Charitable Allowance to Kwong Hó, Balance carried to new account,

9.00

1,669.63

1,866.38

1,856.38

416

Dr.

To Balance in the hands of the shroff,

207.76

Table X.

Statement of Account of the Passage Money Fund 1895.

By grant to Wong Üt,

Cr.

1.50

Passage Money of Wong Kwai,

5.00

to Li Chaŭ to return home,.

1.00

of Wong Ut,......

6.00

to Chau Fun to return home,

1.00

of Tsang Sam and Laŭ Yaŭ,.

12.00

to Leung King to return home,.

.70

of Lenng Tsun Choi,

8.00

to Chau Ho to return home,.......

1.50

of Wai Mooy,

6.00

وو

of Wong Shit,

9.00

to Leung Fa and Cheung Mui to

return home,

1.40

of Mok Mui,

2.50

to Ho Haŭ Shang to return home,.

1.00

of Chan Kam,.

9.00

of Leung Tsoi Yuk and Wong

refund of passage money,

Balance in the hands of the shroff,

14.50

270.66

Kam Tsoi,

14.00

of Ng Ngam,

7.00

of Wong Tai Yaŭ,

7.00

293.26

AMENDED STATEMENT.

HONGKONG.

STATEMENT SHOWING THE TOTAL REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE IN

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Exc

REVENUE.

COLONY OF HONGKONG.

RETURN OF REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31

Amount Total Estimated. Revenue.

More than Less than Estimated. Estimated.

LIGHT DUES,

LICENCES AND INTERNAL REVENUE NOT OTHERWISE SPE-

92,000

$ 92,909.31

$ č.

909,31

$ G.

CIFIED:-

Arms Ordinance,..

200

Assessed Taxes,

Auctioneers' Licences,

Billiard Tables and Bowling Alleys Licences,

Boarding-house Licences,

Boat Licences,.

Cargo Boat Licences,

Carriage, Chair, &c., Licences,..

Chinese Passenger Ships Licences,

Chinese Undertakers' Licences,

Dog Licences,

Emigration Brokers' Licences,.. Fines,

334,800 2.100

140.00 394,424.43

60.00

9,624.43

1,500.00

600.00

1,150

850.00

800.00

175

175.00

5,600

6,151.00

551.00

9,600

10.038.00

438.00

40,000

39,436.55

563.45

400

260.00

140.00

130

160.00

30.00

1,500

2,787.50

1,237,50

1,000

1,200.00

200.00

27,000

22,055.80

4,941.20

Forfeitures,

700

8,564.69 7,864.69

Hawkers' Licences,

•

5,200

4,723.50

476.50

Junk Licences.

24,000

25,147.55

1,147.55

Marine Store Dealers' Licences,

720

930.00

210.00

Marriage Licences...

300

121.00

་་

179.00

Money Changers' Licences,

600

545.00

55.00

Opium Monopoly,

310,800

340,800.00

Pawnbrokers Licences,.

15,050

14,700.00

350.00

Shooting Licences,

$30.00

55.00

Spirit Licences,

$1.000

49,348.00

1,652.00

Stamps,.....

145,000

169.039.55

Steam-Launch Licences,

1,500

2,785.75

21.039.55 1,285.75

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PUR-

POSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID:

Bills of Health,

2.000

1,917.00

$3.00

Births and Deaths, Registration of...

Cargo Boat Certificates,

Cemetery Burials,

110 1,500 600

108.55 1,786.00

1.45

286.00

588.35

11.65

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

1,400

1,753.90

353.90

Chinese Gazette, Sale of

46.00

4.00

Companies, Registration of.

1,000

1,220.75

220.75

Convict Labour and other items,

3,200

3.467.54

267.54

Deeds, Registration of

4,000

3,016.00

984.00

Discharge of Crews and Seamen,

7,000

7,772.40

772.40

Examination of Masters, &c.,

2.090

1,882.50

257.50

Fees of Court,.

15,600

14,643.13

956.87

Fees on Grant of Leases.

400

005.00

205.00

Gaol Expenses,—Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval and Mi-

litary Departments,

500

900.25

400.25

Gunpowder, Storage of......

4,500

10,214.03

5,714.03

Householders, Registration of

1,400

1.229.00

171.00

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

5,680

8,421.45

2,741.45

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

800

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

20,000

951.41 15,028.50

151.41

Medical Registration Fees.

4,971.50 10.00

Medical Treatment of Sick Seamen and others in Civil Hospital,

13,000

Official Administrator and Trustee,.

2,200

15,890.66 884.88

2,890.60

1.315.12

Official Signatures,

150

257.00

Printed Forms, Sale of

100

133.50

107.00 33.50

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for

2,400

2,520.00

120.00

Registry Fees,

300

353.00

53.00

Shipping Crews and Seamen..

7,500

8,744.20

1,244.20

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

800

891.14

91.14

Steam-Launches, Surveyor's Certificate,

1,000

1.755.00

755.00

Subsistence Money of Seamen and others in Victoria Gaol,

300

262.75

Survey of Steam-Ships,..

10,000

9,286.43

37.25 713.57

Trade Marks, Registration of

Victoria College, Fees from Scholars,

600 13,000

School for Girls.

Do..

500

852.30 11,562.00 329.00

252.30

1,438.00 171.00

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,

3,000

13,250.00

10,250.00

Refund of Police Pay,

1,000

Refund Cost of Police and other Stores,.

100

1,628.88 1,187.78

628.88 1,087.73

Maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse,

Contribution from

Chinese Imperial Government towards the

750

750.00

Construction of Gap Rock Lighthouse,-Contribution from

Chinese Imperial Government,

l'OST OFFICE:—

EXPENDITURI

Charge on Account of Public Debt, Pensions,

Governor and Legislature....

Colonial Secretary's Department, Audit Department.....

Treasury,

Public Works Department,.

Post Office,

Registrar General's Department,

Harbour Master's Department, Lighthouses,

Observatory,

Stamp Office,

Botanical and Afforestation Departme.

Legal Departments,

Ecclesiastical,

Education,

Medical Departments. Magistracy,

Police,

Gaol,

Fire Brigade,

Sanitary Department,

Charitable Allowances, Transport,

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works Recurrent,

AMENDED STATEMENT.

HONGKONG.

ING THE TOTAL REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE IN THE YEAR 1894.

}

ative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

ག

COLONY OF HONGKONG.

AND EXPENDITURE DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1894.

Total Revenue.

$ 92,909.31

More than Less than

Estimated. Estimated.

EXPENDITURE,

Amount

Total More than Less than Estimated. Expenditure. Estimated. Estimated

909.31

140.00

60.00

394,424.43

9,624.43

1,500.00

600.00

$50.00

300.00

175.00

Charge on Account of Public Debt, Pensions,

Governor and Legislature....

Colonial Secretary's Department, Audit Department,...

Treasury,

Public Works Department,. Post Office,

$ 177,026

$ C.

221,812.61

44,786.64

86,200

100,077.28 13.817.28

41,339

44,401.76

3,062.76

35,976

37,453.04 1,477.04

10,000

9,343.39

656.61

24,888

23,287.05

1,600.95

89,791

85,956.36

3,834.64

163,646

183,352.15

19,706.15

6,151.00

551.00

Registrar General's Department,

24,726

23,185.21

10.038.00

1,540.79

438.00

Harbour Master's Department,

60,707 60,819.71 i12.71

39,436.55

563.45

Lighthouses,

15,418

14,657.73

760.27

260.00

140.00

Observatory,

12,752

13,653.79

901.79

160.00

30.00

Stamp Office,

4,318

4,351.40

33.40

2,737.50

1,237,50

Botanical and Afforestation Department,

20,9.50

24,637.21

3,687.21

1,200.00

200.00

Legal Departments,

70.538

75,619.30

5,081.50

22,055.80

4,941.20

Ecclesiastical,

2,200

1,840.00

360.00-

8,564.69

7,864.69

Education,

79,886

79,262.95

623.05.

4,723.50

476.50

Medical Departments.

84,714

84,143.05

570.95

25,147.55

930.00 121.00

545.00

340,800.00

1,147.55 210.00

Magistracy,

25,172

22,184.96

2,987.04

Police,

235,881

218,208.68

17,675.32

.་

179.00

Gaol,

59,024

55.695.29

3,328.71.

55.00

Fire Brigade,

20,098

20,367.72

269.72

Sanitary Department,

62,557

61,566.36

990.61

14,700.00

350.00

Charitable Allowances,

5,200

4,973.47

226.53

130.00

55.00

Transport,

3,000

1,927.31

1,072.69

49,348.00

1,652.00

Miscellaneous Services,

72,411

277,329.00 | 204,918.00

169.039.55

21.039.55

Military Expenditure,

332,000

2,785.75

381,127.13| 49,127.13

1,285.75

Public Works Recurrent,

162,500

155,358.71

7,141.29

1.917.00

108.55

$3.00 1.45

1,786.00

286.00

588.35

11.65

1,753.90

353.90

46.00

...

4.00

1,220.75

220.75

3.467.54

267.54

3,016.00

981.00

7,772.40

772.40

1,832.50

257.50

14,643.13

956.87

C05.00

205.00

900.25

400.25

10,214.03

5,714.03

1.229.00

171.00

8,421.45

2,741.45

951.41

151.41

15,028.50

4,971.50 10.00

15,890.66 2.890.66

884.88

1.315.12

257.00

107.00

133.50

33.50

2,520.00

120.00

353.00 8,744.20

53.00

1,244.20

$91.14

91.14

1,755.00

755.00

262.75

37.25

9,286.43

713.57

$32.30

252.30

11,562.00

1.438.00

329.00

171.00

13,250.00 10.230.00

1,628.88

628.88

1,187.73

1,087.73

750.00

Boarding-house Licences,

175

175.00

Boat Licences,

5,600

6,151.0.0

551.00

Cargo Boat Licences,

9,600

10.038.00

438.00

Carriage, Chair, &c., Licences,..

40,000

39,436.55

563.45

Chinese Passenger Ships Licences,

400

260.00

140.00

Chinese Undertakers' Licences,

130

160.00

30.00

Dog Licences,

1,500

2.787.50

1.237.50

Emigration Brokers' Licences,.. Fines,.

1,000

1,200.00

200.00

27,000

22,055.80

4,941.20

Forfeitures,

700

8,564.69 7,864,69

L'ost Office,

Registrar General's Department, Harbour Master's Department, Lighthouses,

Observatory,

Stamp Office.

Botanical and Afforestation Department, Legal Departments,

Ecclesiastical,

Education,

Hawkers' Licences,

5,200

4,723.50

476.50

Medical Departments,

Junk Licences,

24,000

25,147,55

1,147.55

Marine Store Dealers' Licences,

720

930.00

210.00

Marriage Licences.....

300

121.00

179.00

Gaol.

Money Changers' Licences,

600

545.00

55.00

Opium Monopoly,

340,800

340,800.00

Pawnbrokers' Licences,,

15,050

14,700.00

350.00

Shooting Licences,

30.00

55.00

Spirit Licences,

51.000

49,348.00

1,652.00

Stamps,.

145,000

Steam-Launch Licences,

1,500

169.039.55 2,785.75

21.039.55

1,285.75

Magistracy, Police,

Fire Brigade,

Sanitary Department.

Charitable Allowances, Transport,

Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works Recurrent,

FEES OF COURT OR OFFICE, PAYMENTS FOR SPECIFIC PUR-

POSES, AND REIMBURSEMENTS IN AID :-

Bills of Health,

2.000

1,917.00

$3.00

Births and Deaths, Registration of..

110

108.55

1.45

Cargo Boat Certificates,

Cemetery Burials,

1,500 600

1,786,00

286.00

588.35

11.65

Cemetery Fees from Public Cemeteries for Chinese,

1,400

1,758.90

353.90

Chinese Gazette, Sale of

46.00

4.00

Companies, Registration of

1,000

1,220.75

220.75

Convict Labour and other itents,

3,200

3,467.54

267.54

Deeds, Registration of

4,000

3,016.00

984.00

Discharge of Crews and Seamen,

7,000

7,772.40

772.40

Examination of Masters, &c.,

2,090

1,832.50

257.50

Fees of Court,

15,600

14,643.13

956.87

Fees on Grant of Leases.

400

605.00

205.00

Gaol Expenses,-Recovery from Diplomatic, Naval and Mi-

litary Departments,

500

900,25

400.25

Gunpowder, Storage of......

4,500

10,214.03

5,714.03

Householders, Registration of

1,400

1.229.00

171.00

Imperial Post Office, Contribution from

5,680

8,421.45

2,741.45

Lock Hospital, Grant-in-Aid from Admiralty,

800

951.41

151.41

Medical Examination of Emigrants,

20,000

15,028,50

Medical Registration Fees.

4,971.50 10.00

Medical Treatment of Sick Seamen and others in Civil Hospital,

13,000

15,890.66

2, 90.66

Official Administrator and Trustec,..

2,200

884.SS

1.315.12

Official Signatures,

150

257.00

l'rinted Forms, Sale of

100

133.50

107.00 33.50

Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent for

2,400

2,520.00

120.00

Registry Fees,

300

353.00

53.00

Shipping Crews and Seamen..

7,500

8,744.20

1.244.20

Sick Stoppages from Police Force,

800

891.14

91.14

Steam-Launches, Surveyor's Certificate,

1,000

1.755.00

755.00

Subsistence Money of Seamen and others in Victoria Gaol,

300

262.75

Survey of Steam-Ships,....

10,000

9,286.43

37.25 713.57

Trade Marks, Registration of

Victoria College, Fees from Scholars,

GOO 13,000

852.30

252.30

11,562.00

1,43 .00

School for Girls.

Do..

500

329.00

171.00

Sunday Cargo-Working Permits,

3,000

13,250.00

10.250.00

Refund of Police Pay,

1,000

1,628.SS

628.88

Refund Cost of Police and other Stores,

100

1,187.73 1,087.73

Maintenance of Gap Rock Lighthouse,

Contribution froin

Chinese Imperial Government towards the ... Construction of Gap Rock Lighthouse,-Contribution from

Chinese Imperial Government,

750

750.00

POST OFFICE:—

Postage....

157,000

192,172.42 35,172.42

RENT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, LAND AND HOUSES :-

Buildings,

550

Laundries.

400

1,283.00 320.00

783.00

$0.00

Lands not Leased,

6,500

7,571.45 1,071.45

Stone Quarries,

10,000

15,250.00

5.250.00

Leased Lands,.....

200.000

228,555.67

28,555.67

Slaughter House,

40,000

40,584.00

584.00

Markets,

55.000

55.578.81

578.81

Cattle Shed,..

2,400

2,580.00

180.00

Piers......

3,000

4,261.20

1.261.29

INTEREST,

30,000

37,051.95

7,031.95

MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS:-

Condemned Stores, &c.,

1,500

1,531.56

Interest for use of Furniture at Government House,

240

368 10

31.56 128.10

Night Soil Contracts,

23,280

23,280.00

Other Miscellaneous Receipts,

10,000

50,428.07

Profit on Subsidiary Coins,

60,000 133,824.13

40,428.07 73,824.13

TOTAL, exclusive of Land Sales and Water Account,...$ 1,879,010 2,129,553.31| 271,069.37 20,520.00

LAND SALES,

WATER ACCOUNT-Ord. 16 of 1890,

50,000 71,294.38 21,294.38 1 66,200

77,689.56 12.000

Public Works, Extraordinary, .....

519.44

TOTAL,.....

$ 2,007,210 2,278,528.25 292,363.75 | 21,045.50

TOTAL,

Public Works Extraordinary chargeable:

Treasury, Hongkong, 4th January, 1896.

175.00

l'ost Office,

6,151.00

551.00

163,646 183,352.15

19,706.15

Registrar General's Department,

24,726

10.038.00

438.00

23,185.21

Harbour Master's Department,

1,540.79

39,436,55

563.45

Lighthouses,

60,707 60,819.71

112.71

15,418

14,657.73

760.27

260.00

140.00

Observatory,

12,752

13,653.79

901.79

160.00

2.787.50

1,200.00

30.00 1,237,50 200.00

Stamp Office.

4,318

4,351.40

33.40

Botanical and Afforestation Department,

20,950

24,637.21

3,687.21

Legal Departments,

70,538

75,619.30

22,055.80

4,944.20

Ecclesiastical,

5,081.50

2,200

8,564.69 7,864.69

1,840.00

360.00-

Education,

79,886

79,262.05

4,723.50

170.50

623.05.

Medical Departments,

84,714

84,143.05

570.95

25,147.55

1,147.55

Magistracy,

25,172

22,184.96

930.00

210.00

Police,

2,987.04

235,88+

218,208.68

121.00

179.00

17,675.32

Gaol,

59,024

55.695.29

545.00

55.00

Fire Brigade,

3,328.71.

20,098

20,367.72

269.72

40,800.00

Sanitary Department,

62,557

61,566.36

990.64

14,700.00

350.00

Charitable Allowances,

5,200

4,973.47

226.53

$30.00

55.00

Transport,

3,000

1,927.31

49,348.00

1,652.00

Miscellaneous Services,

1,072.69

72,411

69.039.55

21.039.55

277,329,00 | 204,918,00

Military Expenditure,

332.000

2,785.75

1,285.75

Public Works Recurrent,

381,127.13| 49,127.13

162,500 155,358.71

7,141.29

1,917.00

$3.00

108.55

1.45

1,786.00

286.00

588.35

11.65

1,753.90

353.90

46.00

4.00

1,220.75

220.75

3.467.54

267.54

3,016.00

984.00

7,772.40

772.40

1,832.50

257.50

14,643.13

956.87

605.00

205.00

900.25

400.25

10,214.03

5,714.03

1.229.00

171.00

8,421.45

2,741.45

951.41

151.41

15,028.50

...

4,971.50

15,890.66

2,890.66

884.88

10.00

1.315.12

257.00

107.00

133.50

33.50

...

2,520.00

120.00

353.00

53.00

8,744.20

1.244.20

891.14

91.14

1,755.00

755.00

262.75

9,286.43

87.25 713.57

852.30

252.30

11,562.00

1.438.00

329.00

171.00

13,250.00

10,250.00

1,628.88 1,187.73

628.88

1,087.73

750.00

02,172.42 35,172.42

1,283.00

783.00

320.00

$0.00

7,571.45 1,071.45

15,250.00

5.250.00

28,555.67 28,555.67

40,584.00

584.00

35.578.81

578.81

2,580.00

180.00

4,261.29 1.261.29

37,051.95

7,051.95

1,531.56

31.56

368 10

128.10

23,2×0.00

50,428.07 40,428.07

33,824.13 73,824.13

29,553.31271,069.37 | 20,526.06

--.........

1,082,981 2,286,592.65 | 316,981.13 43,369.48

71,294.3S 21,294.38

Public Works, Extraordinary,

16,000 12,503.35

3,496.65

77,680.56

519.44

78,528.25 202,363.75 | 21,045.50

TOTAL,

$ 1,998,981 2,299,096.00| 346,981.13

46,866.13

Public Works Extraordinary chargeable against the 1893 Loan, $

318,500 236,810.02

111,689.98

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

HONGKONG.

EXPENDITURE ON ACCOUNT OF SALARIES, PENSIONS AND EXCHANGE COMPENSATION 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor.

Salaries including Allowances,

Pensions,......

Exchange Compensation,

Hongkong, 18th March, 1896.

137

No. 98

.$751,160.37

112,776.97

119,415.52

Total......

$983,352,86

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Treasurer.

HONGKONG.

SANITARY SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor.

313

No. 22

SANITARY BOard Room, HONGKONG, 15th May, 1896.

GENTLEMEN-1 have the honour to submit this the seventh annual report concerning the work done by the Sanitary Department during the year 1895.

DRAINAGE WORKS.

In addition to the work carried out by owners of property of their own initiative a great number of houses, which were found on inspection to be in an insanitary condition, have been re-drained at the request of the Board. I append a tabular statement (A) showing-

1. The locality in which the houses so found to be insanitary are situated.

2. The number of houses so found in each such locality.

3. The houses so found for which plans for re-draining them have been submitted.

4. The houses so found at which the work of re-draining has been completed.

It will be observed that according to this table a very large number of houses (2,029) have been carefully inspected and found to be defectively drained and consequently the owners have been called on to redrain them. In addition to these, 1,673 houses were found to be either in good order, so far as their drainage arrangements were concerned, or which only required to have down-pipes, traps, etc., etc. repaired to put them in good order.

The complaints concerning the choking of the new pipe-drains have been far less frequent than in past years. I feel sure that a great many Chinese householders have arrived at the conclusion that after all these water-tight glazed pipe-drains are superior to the old porous drains, and hence the malicious choking of these drains has practically ceased. It would be a good thing if they impressed on their servants that the breaking of the gratings over the inlets to the down-pipes and drains is the cause of a very considerable amount of damage to property and for which, to my mind, the tenants are responsible. Not infrequently the trap below the fresh air inlet to the drains gets choked. In most cases this trap can be readily cleared, but very often an ignorant house-coolie is told to clear it and he, not knowing how to go to work, frequently smashes the trap in his wild endeavour to ram the choking material further into the drain.

MARKETS AND SLAUGHTER-Houses.

The much needed depôts for housing sheep and swine imported into the Colony for slaughter were opened early in the year when the old and exceedingly insanitary sheds which were situated in the midst of human habitations were abolished. The quiet and successful manner in which this change was effected is a matter for congratulation. The brutal Chinese method of weighing live swine continued during the year, but weighing machines having arrived this year (1896) it will soon be possible to put a complete stop to this cruel practice.

The fine new slaughter-house at Kennedy Town was opened on the 1st January, and it adequately meets the requirements of Victoria.

The Central Market was opened on the 1st of May. It is a very fine building and worthy of the Colony, as the central depôt for the distribution of most of the perishable articles of food.

The market shop-keepers objected strongly to the bye-law which prohibits them from using their shops as dwellings for their assistants. When they found that objecting and petitioning was of no avail, the next step--a favourite one with Chinese-was to clamorously assert that their wares were being stolen. The appointment of two night watchmen and a firm enquiry into each case of alleged theft very soon put a stop to the clamour. When I find a person asserting all manner of roguery against others, I know that such person needs careful watching, and in the great majority of such cases he is sooner or later discovered to be a rogue himself; he has simply fallen into the vulgar error of estimating other people by the measure which he knows so well admirably fits himself.

34 sheds capable of housing 963 head of cattle, 5 sheds capable of housing 144 head of goats and 815 pens capable of housing 6,033 head of swine were duly licensed during the year. The housing of these animals in the Colony is now, in the main, in a satisfactory condition. There are now very few places where these animals are housed under the same roof as the owner or the owners' servants, and such as may exist are in the smaller hamlets.

314

MORTALITY STATISTICS.

These are very fully dealt with in the Medical Officer of Health's report for the year under review. I think it desirable, however, to append to this report the usual tabular statements and diagrams so that the continuity of these may not be broken.

Tabular statements (B) show:

(a) The death-rate in 1895 for-

1. The British and Foreign community.

2. The Chinese community on land in each registration district.

3. The Chinese community afloat in each registration district.

4. The Chinese community on land in the Colony.

5. The Chinese community afloat in the Colony.

6. The total Chinese community in the Colony.

7. The British, Foreign and Chinese community combined, Army and Navy

excluded.

(b) The number of deaths occurring under each of the seven groups into which it has been deemed expedient-in view of the system of death registration in vogue-to classify the summary of the causes of death.

(c) The total number of deaths occurring amongst the British and Foreign community in each month of each year 1891 to 1895, both inclusive, under six disease groups. These groups are the same as in (b) only 6 and 7 groups are amalgamated.

(d) The same as (c) but for the Chinese community.

(e) The total number of deaths occurring in the Colony--those in the Army and Navy excluded-in each month for the past seven years, together with the death-rate for the estimated population.

The diagrams show:-

(a) The number of deaths which occurred each month under each of the groups referred to

above.

(b) The mean temperature for each month.

(d) The number of deaths registered during each month of the years 1891 to 1895 as also

the mean temperature and the rainfall.

(e) The number of deaths from all causes for the years 1888 to 1895 both inclusive.

CEMETERIES.

The bye-laws which came into force on the 1st January, 1892, have been steadily enforced, but unfortunately it has not yet been found practicable to lay out the cemeteries in the manner in which it is so desirable it should be done. An extension to the Mount Caroline cemetery is needed.

The following interments have been made during the year in each of the public cemeteries for Chinese, viz. :~~

Mount Davis,.......

Mount Caroline,..

Kau-lung,

Shau-ki-wan,

Aderdeen, Stanley,

Shek-o,

Total,....

629

..419

...382

...290

.162

..1,932 interments.

The fees collected during the year amounted to $1,475.60, and the cost of the staff laying out roads, etc. to $2,324.90.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES.

The bye-laws for the compulsory reporting of infectious diseases made in 1888 were revoked in November, and a new set of bye-laws made in their stead. These new bye-laws, so far as registered medical practitioners are concerned, are very much on the same lines as the law in England which deals with this subject.

LAUNDRIES.

Only four of the public laundries have been let during the year. I anticipate that during the current year they will be all let, mainly owing to the gradual but firm enforcement of the bye-laws regulating public laundries. I made a careful personal inspection of the whole of the laundries in the City in the latter part of the year and found that about two-thirds of them were in such a state that they could be registered. The remaining third will be dealt with as early as practicable.

BAKERIES.

315

The bye-laws regulating this branch of food supply manufacture continue to be steadily and persistently enforced. Only 6 prosecutions for breaches of these bye-laws occurred during the year. A conviction was obtained in each case.

COMMON LODGING-HOUSES.

The bye-laws for regulating these houses, which were made in March 1891, came into force on the 1st January, 1895. The enforcement of these bye-laws met with great opposition. Practically every coolie-master in the Colony houses his workmen, and these workmen are nearly all indebted to him for, to them, considerable sums of money. These coolie-masters have therefore a very strong compelling power over their workmen and, as a rule, they exercise this power mercilessly. It was these coolie-masters who were the principal cause of the opposition although I have very good reason for believing that they were supported by a considerable number of their countrymen, who are occupying very good positions in the Colony.

During the year 457 houses capable of accommodating 7,423 men were licensed, and the bye- laws are being steadily enforced. Twenty-nine prosecutions were instituted for various breaches of the bye-laws, and in each case a conviction was obtained.

CONTRACTS.

City Conservancy.-The work of this contract was well carried out during the

year.

City Scavenging. The work of this contract was, on the whole, well carried out during the year. As in recent years, the final disposal of the refuse has been a source of considerable trouble. The place of disposal is on Chinese territory.

Kau-lung Conservancy and Scavenging.-The work of this contract was fairly well carried out during the year. A few minor hitches occurred, but no one suffered any great inconvenience.

Shau-ki-wan Conservancy and Scavenging. Aberdeen Conservancy and Scavenging. Stanley Conservancy and Scavenging.

The work of these contracts was well carried out during the year. No complaints regarding them were received at this Office.

The approximate quantity of house refuse, trade refuse, street sweepings, etc., removed by thẻ scavenging contractors from Victoria, Hill and Kau-lung districts was 32,000 tons.

STAFF.

An important change was made in the disposition of the staff in November, by placing the Inspectors of Nuisances directly under the orders of the recently appointed Medical Officer of Health. This change has been a great relief to me, inasmuch as it enables me to practically devote the whole of time to the secretarial work of the Board. It is, however, somewhat anomalous that a

my large section of the Board's staff should be working directly under the orders of a gentleman who is himself a member of the staff of another department. However, the anomaly has not, so far, materially interfered with the successful working of the new arrangement.

In April Mr. W. E. CROW, Government Analyst, was lent to this department for particular service. His report to the Board, dated the 23rd December and laid before the Board at a meeting held on the 16th January, 1896, states very fully the duties he performed.

The Colonial Veterinary Surgeon went on leave of absence in June, and Mr. WM. FISHER has been performing his duties.

The 6 additional Inspectors added to the staff at the end of 1894 took up their duties on the 1st of January, 1895. It is satisfactory to be able to record that they have all proved themselves to

be active, energetic, and painstaking officials.

There is nothing calling for remark with regard to the other members of the staff.

I very much regret that this report is submitted to you considerably later than is usual, but owing to various reasons it has been impossible for me to get it ready sooner.

I have the honour to be,

Gentlemen,

Your obedient Servant,

HUGH MCCALLUM,

Secretary and Sanitary Superintendent.

316

TABLE A.

Return showing the houses, the drains of which have been opened and inspected under the provisions of the Health Ordinance during the year 1895, and the owners thereof requested to redrain them.

Street.

Centre Street,.........

Wellington Street,

Lot. No.

No. of Houses.

If plans submitted.

Yes.

Marine 105.

Inland 80.

32288

>">

If work completed.

No.

Yes.

No.

•

Wyndham Street, Praya East,

Bridges Street, Queen's Road West, Wanchai Road, Wing Fung Street, Wing Fung Lane, Kennedy Street, Kat On Street, Stone Nullah Lane, Bowrington, Shing Hing Lane, First Street,.... Centre Street, U Po Lane East, Tsz Tung Lane, U Po Lane West, Second Street, Wanchai Road, First Street, Queen's Road West, Un Fuk Lane,.......... Eastern Street, Queen's Road West,

Inland 80.

Inland 501 & 502 & Marine 271. Inland 385.

Marine 58. Inland 373 & 374. Inland 47.

Inland 47.

Inland 786 & 793. Inland 787 & 788. Inland 791. Inland 742 & 743. Inland 89.

Inland 583.

In. 583, 632, 633 & 759.

Inland 770.

Inland 511.

Inland 520 & 521.

Inland 638.

AAA*

****

Inland 454, 455 & 456.

Inland 758.

Inland 632 & 633. Inland 758.

Inland 521.

Inland 664.

Queen's Road West,

Marine 81.

First Street,

Inland 32.

多

Aberdeen Street,.

Inland 94.

Queen's Road West,

Marine 198.

Queen's Road West,

Marine 126.

On Wai Lane,... Cheong On Lane, Cross Lane,

Inland 637.

પ

Inland 684.

Inland 388.

Albany Lane,

Inland 652.

Tung Lung Lane,

Inland 310.

Second Street,..

Inland 800.

Sam To Lane,

Inland 800.

وو

Queen's Road West,

Inland 800.

Centre Street,

Inland 32.

High Street,

Inland 685.

D'Aguilar Street,

Inland 997.

Wing Wah Lane, Wing Wah Lane,

Wellington Street,

Wellington Street, Lok Hing Lane,. Pottinger Street, Wyndham Street, Wyndham Street,

Inland 973 & 974.

Inland 973.

In. 1000, 1001, 1002,

དྷན ཊྛ 2 ཎྷདྷབ

دو

1 "

1003 & 1004.

Inland 50.

જ

Inland 50.

Inland 50 & 966.

Inland 968 & 969.

Station Street, Yau-ma-ti,

Kaulung In. 40 & 41.

Temple Street, Yau-ma-ti,

Kaulung Inland 40.

Mong Kok Tsui,..

Kau. In. 428, 429, 430, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437 & 438.

Jardine's Bazaar,

Leighton Hill Road,

Robinson Road,

Ui Lung Lane,

Matheson Street,

"Bon Accord," Kowloon,

Queen's Road Central,

Kaulung Inland 515.

Inland 19.

Inland 66.

Inland 45.

Inland 20.

Inland 21.

Inland 133.

Queen's Road Central,

Stanley Street,

Wellington Street,

Inland 21.

Wellington Street,

Inland 133.

Inland 34.

Inland 20A.

Inland 79.

Inland 309.

Inland 483.

Inland 579.

Inland 733.

دو

وو

Q = Q Q N N N N A

བཧྨཊྛང བྷ ནྟ ཧྨ སྶ

TABLE 4.,-Continued.

Street.

Lot. No.

No. of Houses.

If plans submitted.

Yes.

317

If work completed.

No.

Yes.

Wellington Street, . Pottinger Street, Lan Kwai Fong,....

D'Aguilar Street,

D'Aguilar Street, Wyndham Street, Wellington Street,..............

Yan Sau Lane, Wyndham Street, Wyndham Street, Queen's Road Central,

Inland 34.

Inland 991, 993, 1007,

1008, 1009, 1010,1011, 1012, 1263 & 1319. Inland 137, 976, 977, 978, 979, 980, 981, 892, 983 & 1013.

وو

دو

Inland 990.

1 "

Inland 138.

Inland 138, 1304,

1305, 1306, 1307,

1308 & 1309.

Inland 1303.

Inland 970 & 971.

Inland 972.

Marine 54.

Queen's Road Central,

Marine 55.

Praya Central,

Marine 55.

Queen's Road Central,

Marine 54.

བ བ བ བ

15.

Gilman Street,

Marine 54.

Wing On Lane,

Marine 54.

Praya Central,

Marine 54.

Wing On Lane,

Marine 54.

****

Tung Man Lane,

Marine 54.

•

وو

Praya Central,

Marine 54.

Praya Central,

Marine 53.

Queen's Road Central,

Marine 53 & 54.

Tung Man Lane,..

Marine 54.

.....

وو

Endicott Street,

Marine 53.

Praya Central,

Marine 54.

Cochrane Street,.

Inland 72.

Wellington Street,

Inland 72.

Lane of 112 & 114 Wellington Street,

Inland 72.

Cochrane Street,

Inland 104 & 105.

Gage Street,

Inland 105.

Cheuk On Lane,

Inland 20.

Gutzlaff Street,

Inland 104 & 105.

Graham Street,

Gutzlaff Street,

Wellington Street,

Inland 189, 198 & 197.

Inland 193.

Inland 173.

PROHANIAH

ma ca

ગ

Graham Street,

Inland 105.

وو

Gage Street,

Inland 185.

Gage Street,

Inland 106 & 189.

Hollywood Road,

Inland 112 & 114.

Shelley Street,

Inland 114.

Shelley Street,

Inland 116.

Old Bailey Street,

Inland 116.

Hollywood Road,

Old Bailey Street, Staunton Street,

Inland 116.

Inland 113.

Queen's Road Central,

Inland 103.

Hum Yu Street,

Marine 106.

Praya West,

Marine 81 & 106.

Sung Hing Lane,

Marine 81.

وو

Queen Street,

Inland 68.

Queen's Road West,

Marine 68 & 69.

Tsung Sau Lane East,

Marine 69.

Praya West,

Marine 68 & 69.

Queen's Road West,

Marine 69.

రా

Tsung Sau Lane East,

Marine 69.

Tsung Sau Lane West,

Marine 69.

Praya West,

Marine 69.

Queen's Road West,

Marine 58 & 69.

وو

Tsung Sau Lane West,

Marine 69.

Praya West,

Marine 58 & 69.

♡

وو

Wo Fung Street,

Marine 58.

Pan Kwai Lane,

Praya West,

Sutherland Street,

In Ku Lane,

Praya West, Prava West, Wilmer Street,

Queen's Road Central,

Marine 200. Mar. 67A In. 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, |549,550, 551,552 & 553.|

Marine 58.

Marine 57 & 58.

Marine 57.

Marine 200.

وو

Marine 91.

318

TABLE A.,--Continued.

If work completed.

No.

Street.

Lot. No.

No. of Houses.

If plans submitted.

Yes.

No.

Yes.

Inland 23.

Queen's Road Central, Stanley Street, Cochrane Street,....... Stanley Street,. Queen's Road Central, Cochrane Street, Queen's Road Central, Graham Street, Peel Street,.... Queen's Road Central, Peel Street, Wellington Street, Queen's Road Central, Wellington Street, Stanley Street, Graham Street, Wellington Street,

V Stanley Street,

Cochrane Street, Tung Tak Lane, Wellington Street, Lyndhurst Terrace, Pottinger Street,. Hollywood Road, Ezra Lane,

Queen's Road Central, Endicott Street, Praya Central, Jubilee Street,...........

Wai San Lane,

Inland 23. Inland 23.

Inland 43. Inland 43. Inland 43.

Inland 161 & 165. Inland 165 & 168. Inland 167.

230 60 00 CON∞∞

وو

6 "

Inland 164.

Inland 10 & 12.

Inland 1029.

Inland 127.

Inland 169.

ཊྛཊྛརང ཐ བའ ར

Inland 1 & 419.

Inland 129 & 419.

Inland 419.

Inland 41.

Inland 2.

Marine 18 & 53a.

Marine 53A.

Marine 18.

1 „,

བངས་མ་མ

Tit Hong Lane,

Marine 18.

Jubilee Street,.....

Marine 18.

Queen's Road Central,

Marine 15.

Queen Victoria Street,

Marine 15.

Chinese Street,

Marine 15.

Queen's Road Central,

Marine 13.

Praya Central,................

Marine 13.

Queen's Road Central,

Marine 62.

Praya Central,

Marine 62.

Praya Central,

Marine 99 & 100.

Pedder's Street,.

Lamont's Lane,

Marine 100. Inland 81.

Caine Road,....

Shelley Street,

Shelley Street,.....

Caine Road,. Caine Road,... Mosque Street, Mosque Junction, Robinson Road, Robinson Road, Peak Road, The Albany, First Street, Second Street,.. Aberdeen Street,..

Staunton Street,

Elgin Street, Aberdeen Street,.

Elgin Street,

Staunton Street, Elgin Street, Peel Street, Hollywood Road,

Elgin Street, Peel Street,....

Graham Street,

Staunton Street,

Caine Road,.

Inland 150. Inland 150. Inland 268. Inland 268. Inland 148. Inland 83. Inland 345.

Inland 708 & 716. Inland 711 & 723. Inland 645. Inland 646 & 647. Inland 807 & 808.

Inland 629, 630 & 631. Inland 629 & 630. Inland 98. Inland 98. Inland 98.

Inland 98.

Inland 98A. Inland 408.

Inland 118 & 408.

Inland 408. Inland 408.

Inland 408.

Inland 110 & 450. Inland 110 & 450.

Inland 1285. Inland 101. Inland 100.

Caine Road,.. Peel Street, Staunton Street, Elgin Street, Elgin Street,

Inland 1086.

Inland 101.

Inland 119.

Inland 121.

VO TO COʻÃO OTHER INQTQ) pp 12 COICOH 00 ERICO CO-CO TO 10 30 THIS 10 EN CO ECO C2 H ́ÒD — COLO

ཐ བ བ བ བ

دو

وو

دو

* *

ARR

وو

1 „,

وو

AAAA

*R*

•

TABLE A.--Continued.

319

Street.

Lot. No.

No. of Houses.

If plans submitted.

If work completed.

Yes.

No.

Yes.

No.

Elgin Street, Caine Road,. Peel Street, Shelley Street, Elgin Street, Caine Road,... Caine Road,.

Rednaxella Terrace,

Shelley Street,

Peel Street,

Overbeck's Court,

Mosque Street,

་་

Shelley Street,...... Queen's Road West, First Street,.. Leung Wa Tai Lane,

Kung Shun Lane, Second Sreet, First Street,...

Second Street, Tak Sing Lane, Third Sreet, Centre Street, Lau U Lane, U Lok Lane, Third Street, Second Street,.. Ng Fuk Lane,. Third Street, Ui On Lane,

Second Street,..

Third Street,

High Street,

Un Shing Lane, Third Street

High Street,

West End Terrace,.

Bonham Road,

Inland 120.

Inland 122.

Inland 120.

Inland 126.

Inland 151.

Inland 584.

Inland 360.

Inland 584.

Inland 341 & 342.

40 62 H-H 62 H HOROK+ZAO∞7DQ

}}

AARA

In. 32, 447, 448 & 449. Inland 447, 448 & 449. Inland 447 & 448. Inland 629.

Inland 636,

Inland 682 & 683.

Inland 681, 682 & 683.

Inland 682 & 683.

Inland 638.

Rebuilt.

He p

وو

Inland 625, 626 & 627.

وو

Inland 625, 626, 627,

709 & 710.

Inland 635.

Inland 636,

وو

Inland 638.

*** 2:

Inland 638.

Inland 639.

Inland 639 & 640.

Inland 639.

Inland 687.

Inland 686 & 687.

Inland 687.

4QQ

er & pl

Inland 689, 690 & 691.

Inland 692 & 693.

Inland 694.

Battery Pathway,

Bonham Strand,

Morrison Street,

Inland 82.

Inland 554, 555, 556,

RAA

•

૭

}}

557, 558 & 559.

Inland 534, 536, 538,

539 & 541.

Western Market,

'Lane off Bonham Strand,

Queen's Road Central,

Wellington Street,

Inland 8.

Queen's Road Central,

Zetland Street,

Old Bailey,

Inland 5 & 5a.

A X

อง

Inland 618.

Inland 69.

Chancery Lane, Peel Street, Graham Street,

Inland 69.

Inland 110 & 450.

☺

Staunton Street,

Inland 450.

Caine Road,.....

Inland 68.

Wyndham Street,

Inland 144.

Glenealy,

Inland 140.

Arbuthnot Road,

Inland 144.

Wyndham Street,

Inland 144.

Chancery Lane,

Inland 65.

Arbuthnot Road,.

Inland 144.

دو

College Gardens and St. Paul's College,

Inland 70.

Ice House Lane,................

Inland 564.

وو

Queen's Road Central,

Inland 619.

ور

Praya Central,

Marine 7.

}}

Praya Central,

Marine 2c.

Bonham Strand,

Marine 162.

Bonham Strand West,

Marine 88, 89, 173 &

174.

In. 870, 1023 & 1024.

Wing Lok Street,

Marine 88, 89, 173 & 174.

Inland 870, 1023 &

1024.

320

Street.

Wing Lok Street,

TABLE A.,--Continued.

Lot. No.

No. of Houses.

If plans submitted.

Yes.

No.

Yes.

In. 1022, 1320, 1321, 1322, 1323, 1324, 1325, 1326, 1327, 1328, 1329, and

}}

If work completed.

No.

Bonham Strand West,

Praya West, Bonham Strand, Bonham Strand West,. Queen's Road West, Queen's Road West, Bonham Strand West, Praya West,

Queen Street,

Marine 37A.

Inland 1022,1320, 132). |1322, 1323, 1324, 1325,

1326, 1327, 1328,

1329, and Marine 37A.

Marine 37A.

Marine 182.

Marine 89.

Marine 87 & 89. Inland 1194 & 1196. In. 1193, 1194 & 1195. In. 1165, 1167 & 1168. Inland 1169, 1172, 1173) 1175 & 1176.

4 "

EX CO CO LOIA OY ~ fund

2-8

要

9 12

россов

༣

3733

17Q

*A*

Praya West,

Tung Loi Lane,

Wing Lok Street, Tung Loi Lane, Praya West,

Wing Lok Street,

Praya West, Wing Lok Street, Yee Wo Street, Wanchai Road, Triangle Street, Praya East,

Stone Nullah Lane,

Cross Street, Stone Nullah Lane, Wantsai Road, Ui Lung Lane, Bridges Street, Kat Sing Lane, Kat Sing Alley, Bonham Strand,

Queen's Road West,

Marine 225.

20922 *

ARAR

འ བ བ བ་

Marine 35, 227, 232, 233, 234 & 235.

Marine 35, 227, 232,

233, 234 & 235.

Inland 79.

Inland 417 & 432. Inland 417 Marine 118. Marine 18 & 53A. Inland 388, 506 & 508

Inland 388. Inland 388, 505 & 507. Inland 388, 505 & 507,

553

Marine 235 & 236.

10 1000 10000

3 "

***

Rebuilt.

3 "

and Marine 67. Inland 66.

Inland 733.

Inland 396.

Inland 395.

Inland 66 & 562,

HUGH MCCALLUM,

Sanitary Superintendent.

Table B.

MORTALITY STATISTICS,

For the Year ended 31st December, 1895.

BRITISH AND FOREIGN COMMUNITY,

The whole Colony, Death Rate, Civil Population........................

321

21.1-per 1,000 per annum.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

Victoria Registration District, Death Rate,-Land Population,

23.5

per 1,000 per annum.

Boat

9.7

Kaulung

Land

12.6

Boat

34.0

Shaukiwán

Land

23.5

.Boat

39.4

Aberdeen

Land

19.8

);

Boat

28.4

Stanley

Land

34.7

Boat

24.6

The whole Colony

Land

22.2

رو

Boat

20.3

SANITARY BOARD ROOM,

HONGKONG, 17th February, 1896.

Land and Boat Population, 21.9

British, Foreign & Chinese

Community, excluding

Army and Navy,

21.9

HUGH MCCALlum,

Secretary.

322

A SUMMARY OF DEATHS ANd their CauSES REGISTERED

EUROPEAN AND FOREIGN

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

VICTORIA DISTRICT.-

COMMUNITY.

Civil.

Ariny. Navy.

DISEASE.

Esti-

Esti- Esti-

mated

Popula-

Strength. Strength.

tion.

7,260

...

Infantile Convulsive

Convulsions, .

Diseases, Trismus Nascentiun,.

...

:..

Sokonpo.

Bowrington.

Wantsai.

Hawan.

Sheungwan.

Chungwan.

Táip'ingshan.

Estimated Population,

9 59

3 588

1 133

Acute,

...

Throat Affections,

Chronic,

...

Acute,

14.

...

ос

16 15

166

Chest Affections,

Chronic,

9 30 35 4

179

Cholera,

...

Cholera Infantum, ...

...

::.

Bowel Complaints,

Diarrhoea,

Choleraic,

Fevers,

Dysentery,

Colic,

(Remittent,

Malarial,

Intermittent,

•

Undiagnosed,

Puerperal,..

Exanthe-

matous,

Bubonic Plague,

Typhoid,......

Measles,

Marasmus,

......

Other Causes...

TOTAL,

Small-pox,

Typhus,

...

205

...

1 107

...

170

20 3 40

11 136

606

153

35 110 995

28 703 1,431

SANITARY BOARD ROOM,

HONGKONG, 17th February, 1896.

DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

DIVISION..

Kaulung

Saiyingpun.

Shektongtsui.

Kennedytown,

Harbour.

Estimated Population.

District.

Sháukiwán District.

Aberdeen

Stanley

District.

Estimated

Population.

Land. Boat. Land. Boat.

Land. Boat.

Land.! Boat.

167,500

18,350 24,270 6,450

8,480 3,830 3,290 3,980

950

570

تان

...

ΤΟΤΑΙ.

323

GRAND TOTAL.

349

1,105

756

ཀྱི ས ང ས ཀྱི ས བ

502

1,132

630

...

27.

ཏུ།

273

410

...

109

....

...

***

...

5.5

438

21 4

1 9

213

1.0

199

...

926

...

•

...

271

...

244

حت

1,556

490

178

307 220 200

151

64 113

5,400

HUGH MCCALLUM,

Secretary.

MONTH.

January,

February,

March,

April,..

May,

June,

July,

August,

September,

October,......

November,....

December,......

Total,

Infantile Convul-

sive Diseases.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

:..

1 1 1

2 1

I 1

1 2

غسل

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT FOR THE LAST FIVE YEARS.—(EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, CIVIL.)

Throat Affections. Chest Affections. Bowel Complaints.

Fevers.

Other Causes.

Total Deaths.

1895.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1891.

1892.

2 1

1 1

-J

612

❤

...

Sanitary Board Room, Hongkong, 17th February, 1896.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

Death-rate per 1,000

per Annum,

1895.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

4111

ون

...

2 1

9 12

12 21

1 3

จ

11 1

4 2

3 1

4 13

15 16

13 9

13 33.3 20.7 35.9 18.6 21.6

1126.2 27.6 15.4 18.5 18.3

10 13.9 13.8 22.2| 15,2 16.6

6 7 14 7 12

10 14.0 29.2 10.2 24.9 16.6 14 21.0 22.3 20.5 36.9 23.2

2 2

7 11

30 6

3311

2 1 13

7 14

18 11

21 11

1 10

7 11

10 14

922.6 24.0 32.3 62.8 14.9

16 36.6 18.9 28.9 41.9 26.4

1224.3 20.6 25.5 26.8 19.8

13 17.4 23.9 23.7 26.7 21.4

च

13 10 12 12 16

1920.8 20.5 27.1 25.0 31.3

بسم

2 1 1 3

2 1 3

4 8

1322.5 13.7 13.5 20.0 21.4

312 2 2 8

15 5 18

13 31.113.6 16.9 33.3 21.3

33 35 18 27|25|12|

513

9|16|20 41716 17 91

92 99

146 86

164 145 160|206|153 | 23,8| 20.7 22.7 28.7 21.1

Hugh MCCALLUM, Secretary.

324

Infantile Convul-

sive Diseases.

MONTH.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT FOR THE LAST FIVE YEARS.—(CHINESE COMMUNITY.)

Throat Affections. Chest Affections. Bowel Complaints.

Fevers.

Other Causes.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

January,

81 72 94 87 68 1

February,.

March,

April..

81117 95 84 57 1

76 73102110 81] 2

68 84100120 70 1

May,

114112118139 97 1

June,

119128154 77 86

July,

August,

152109175 41102 1

129104164101105 1

September,

October,.

November,..

126144136 77110

126 94124 85 93 1

107 82112 72133)

December,

84 87 96 72 94

Total,..........

1,263|1,206,1,470|1,065|1,096|8

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1891.

1892.

1893.

Total Deaths.

Death-Rate per 1,000

per Annum.

1894.

1895.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

...

3 2

6/91/12

132125120 84 90 24 22 26 29 20 85 62 62 34 39 95 91 125 101118 418 372 427 336 334 24.1 20.7 23.1) 17.7 17.1 152129110 89117 34 17 22 23 16109 56 56 45 32 108 118 91 99119 484 | 437 374341|337 | 27.7 24.2 20.2 17.9 17.1 121118116 95|100 24 13 27 30 11 75 70 51) 45 45 90 106 104 79116 388 380 401 35934922.2 21.0 21.6 18.8 17.8 |110|100100| 89 90 19 23 18 29 16 55 67 67 74 43 71 92 106 | 106 93324367391 | 413 | 308 | 18.5 20.3 21.0 21.6 15.6 80 95100137 70 15 20 31 60 22 68 83 72165 52 92105|110|691|123 | 370 417 431 1,192|361|21.1| 23.0 23.1| 62.1| 18.3

80 79 87155) 56 39 31 46 64 36 92 73 91 85 70 83 92 121 1,802|143 | 414; 403 | 500 |2,184 | 389 | 23.5 22.2 26.8] 113.6| 19.7 98 54 80 51 59 82 27 44 25 51106 66 86 25 81 127 107 134|325 | 146 | 566 | 364 520|467|431| 32.1 19.9 27.8 24.2 21.7 101 90 80 64 84 94 30 41 25 49123 74 71 42 97 102 86 131 134 164 549 384 487 366 496 30.9 21.0 25.9 18.9 24.9 93 80 82 69 92 50 25 33 31 50 93 69 95 73124 85 113 108 87131 447 431 454 33352425.1 23.5 24.1 17.2 26.3 90 89 78 98104 39 29 41 36 42 82 72 82 78107 83 94 124 | 140 | 159 | 421378 449 | 437 | 505 | 24.0 20,6| 23.8) 22,5 25.3 90 85 73 96117 34 21 47 29 44 74 61 54 50125 99 89 120 122 | 196 | 404338 406|369614|22.6 18.3 21.5 19.0 30.2 98123 96 92128 25 36 34 27 37 86 73 49 34 92 105 134 115 134 213|398|453|390|359|561| 22.2 24.5 20.6 18.4 27.9

1,245 1,167 1,122 1,128 1,107 479294 410 411 3941,048 826836755,907 1,1401,227 1,3893,839 1,721 5,183 4,7245,230, 7,155 5,209 24.5 21.4 23.3 30.4 21.9

HUGH McCallum,

Sanitary Board Room, Hongkong, 17th February, 1896.

Secretary.

325

Table showing the Total Deaths for each Month in the Years 1889 to 1895 inclusive and the Death-rate for estimated Population, (Army and Navy excluded).

326

Estimated

Population,

|192,000|197,000|218,800 | 225,500 | 230,000 | 242,400 | 244,930|

DEATH-RATE PER 1,000 PER ANNUM.

Year,

1889. 1890. | 1891. | 1892. | 1893. | 1894. | 1895.

1889.

1890. 1891. | 1892. | 1893.

1894. 1895.

REMARKS.

1888. 1889. | 1890. | 1891. | 1892. 1893. 1894. 1895.

January,

February,

March,

April,.

309 329 437 384 .448 347 347 19.3 284 269 500 453 383 352 348 17.8 304 332 396 388 414 368 359 328 344 332 384 397 425 318

20.0 24.3 20.7 23.6

19.0

May,

421

355

382

430

4431,214

June,

453 452 427

417

519 | 2,221

July,

473 417 587

375

398

537 492 447 29.6

25.4

August,

413 405 563 396 502 382 508 25.9 24.7

21.6 21.1 22.9 28.3 27.5 23.4 22.2

32.1 19.9

30.7 21.0

17.7 17.2 16.4 27.7 24.4 20.1 17.9 17.2 20.2 21.9 20.8 21.7 18.7 17.7 20.5 20.9 18.3 20.5 20.7 21.5 15.7 26.3

Deaths from causes other than Small- pox, Choleraic Complaints and Bubonic Plague,

5,233 4,548 4,535 5,320 4,824 5,336 4,787 5,300

Deaths from Small-

23.0 61.4

26.9 | 112.0

27.8 24.8

25.9 19.2

18.4

pox and Choler- aic Complaints,....

762

1 27 45

19.5 Deaths from Bubo-

21.9

nic Plague,.................

2,550

24.8

October,

November,

December,

September, 379 441 457 445 468 349 537 23.6 26.9 24.9 23.5 24.1 17.5 427 466 433 390 465 352 524 441 359 417 346 414 381 626 327 367 416 461 400 379 573

26.2

26.7 28.4 23.5 20.6 23.9 22.6

25.5

22.5

27.6 21.9 22.5 18.2 21.2 19.0 30.3 20.4 22.4 24.2 20.5 18.8 27.7

Total,... 4,559 |4,536 |5,347 | 4,8695,390 | 7,362 |5,360

23.7

23.0

24.4

21.3

23.3 30.3

21.9

Sanitary Board Room, Hongkong, 17th February, 1896.

Total,... 5,995 4,559 4,586 5,347 4,869 5,390 7,362 5,360

HUGH MCCALLUM, Secretary.

Name

Contract.

of Contractor.

Victoria, Scavenging, Kwong-

Kam-tong,

Victoria, Conserv-

ancy,

Chan Tsz Fai,

Butchers.

Foremen and Watch-

men.

Kaulung, Scavenging

and Conservancy, Chau Pui,

•

Shaukiwan, Scaveng- ing and Conserv- ancy,

Aberdeen, Scaveng- ing and Conserv- ancy,

Tang Kat,..............

Table C.

Boatmen.

Cartmen.

Basketmen.

Sweepers.

Men for washing Side Channels & Cleans- ing Sewer Traps.

Other Workmen.

85 155

146

Chan Pak,..................

Stanley and Taitam, Scavenging and

Conservancy, ....

Tang Kat,......

Slaughter-house,...... Chan Pui, ......

Total,...

рубина

327

Nightien.

Attendants at Latrines and Urinals.

Total.

548

120

37 150 163 153

118

766

HUGH McCallum, Sanitary Superintendent.

TEMPER-

ATURE.

120

329

DEATHS FROM INFANTILE CONVULSIVE DISEASES.

1895.

No of

Deaths.

150

140

130

100

Mean

Temperature.

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

November,

110

دن

HIGHEST,

70. 4 72. 3 79. 4 84. 8 88. 6 93. 6 91. 3 90. 194. 084. 3 79. 977. 3

LOWEST,.. 43. 5| 49. 3 47. 4 63. 2 68. 7 73. 3 73. 4 74. 6 65. 6 62. 7 | 54. 2 | 47. 0

30.17 30.09 30.06| 29.94 29.86 29.79 29.75 | 29.74 | 29.82 | 29.99 | 30.14 30.18

BAROMETER MEAN.

NOTE.-Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

↑

12.

14.

December.

RAIN- FALL.

Inches.

No of

Deaths.

DEATHS FROM THROAT AFFECTIONS.

1895.

331

Mean

Temperature.

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

TEMPER-

ATURE.

HIGHEST, 70. 4 72. 3 79. 4 84. 8 88. 6 93. 6 191. 390. 1 94. 0 84. 3 79. 9 177. 3

LOWEST,.. | 43. 5 49. 347. 463.2 68. 7 173. 3 73. 4 74. 6 65, 6 62. 7 54. 247. 0

BAROMETER MEAN.

30.17 30.09 30.06 29.94 29.86 |29.79 |29.75 |29.74 29.82 29.99 30.14 30.18

NOTE.-Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

November.

December.

RAIN-

FALL.

Inches.

No of

Deaths.

160

150

140

130

120

DEATHS FROM CHEST AFFECTIONS.

1895.

333

Mean

Temperature.

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

November.

110

100

TEMPER-

ATURE.

HIGHEST,. 70. 472. 3

LOWEST,.. 43. 5 49. 3

79. 4 84. 888. 6 93. 6 91. 3 90. 194. 0 84. 3 79. 977. 3

47. 4 63. 2 68. 773. 3 73.4 74. 6 65. 662. 7 54. 2 47, 0

BAROMETER 30.17 30.09 30.0629.94 29.86 29.7929.75 29.74 29.8229.99 30.14 30.18

MEAN.

NOTE.-Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

December.

RAIN-

FALL.

Iches.

TEMPER-

ATURE.

No of Deaths.

DEATHS FROM BOWEL COMPLAINTS.

1895.

335

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

November.

HIGHEST,

43. 5 LOWEST,..

49. 3 47. 4 63. 2 68.7 73. 3

70. 4 72.3 79. 4 84.8 88. 6 93.6 91. 3 90. 1 94. 0 84. 3

73.4 74. 6 65, 6 62. 7

79. 9 77. 3

54. 2 47. O

BAROMETER MEAN.

30.17 30.09 30.06 29.94 29.86 29.79 29.75 29.74 29.82 29.99 30.14 30.18

NOTE.-Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

December.

RAIN-

FALL.

Inches.

No of

Deaths.

DEATHS FROM FEVERS.

1895.

337

Mean

Temperature.

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

150

140

130

120

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

November.

December.

110

100

HIGHEST,

TEMPER-

94. 084. 3 79. 4 84.8 88. 693. 691. 390. 1 70. 472. 3

74. 6 65. 6 62. 7 68.7 73. 3 73. 4

79.9

77. 3

54. 247. O

ATURE. LOWEST,.. 43. 5 49. 3| 47. 463. 2

BAROMETER

MEAN.

30.1730.09 | 30.06 | 29.94 29.86 29.79 | 29.75| 29.74 | 29.82|29.99 | 30.14 30.18

NOTE.-Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

RAIN-

FALL.

Inches.

}

No of Deaths.

220

339

DEATHS FROM CAUSES OTHER THAN CONVULSIONS, THROAT AFFECTIONS, CHEST AFFECTIONS, BOWEL COMPLAINTS, FEVERS AND BUBONIC PLAGUE.

1895.

200

190

180

170

Mean

Temperature.

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

November.

-160

ΤΩ

150

130

55.

140

__60_

120

110

100

HIGHEST, 70. 4 72, 3

79. 4 84. 8] 88. 6 93, 6 91. 3| 90. 1 94. 0❘ 84, 3 | 79. 9 | 77. 3

TEMPER-

ATURE.

49. 3 47. 4] 63. 2| 68. 7 | 73. 3 73. 4 74. 6 | 65, 6 | 62. 7 | 54. 2 | 47. 0

LOWEST,.. 43. 5

BAROMETER 30.17 30.09 | 30.06| 29.94 29.86 29.79 29.75 29.74 29.82 | 29.99 | 30.14 | 30.18

MEAN.

NOTE. Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

४

10.

December.

RAIN-

FALL.

Inches.

500

460

480

420

No of

Deaths.

600

580

560

540

520

Mean

Temperature.

January.

February.

DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES.

1895.

341

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

November.

440

55.

400

380

360

340

•

HIGHEST, 70. 4 | 72, 3

TEMPER-

ATURE.

79. 484. 8| 88. 6 | 93. 6 | 91. 3 90. I

$4.

94. 084. 3 | 79. 9 |77. 3

LOWEST,.. 43. 5 49. 3

47. 4 63. 2 68.7 73. 373. 474, 6 | 65, 6 | 62. 7 | 54. 2 | 47. 0

BAROMETER 30.17 | 30.09 | 30.06 | 29.94 | 29.86 29.79 | 29.75 |29.74 | 29.82 |29.99 | 30.14 30.18

MEAN.

NOTE. Black line indicates the number of deaths, the Red line mean temperature, and the Blue line rain-fall in inches.

December.

RAIN-

FALL.

Inches.

DEATHS DURING THE YEARS 1888, 1889, 1890, 1891,

1892, 1893, 1894 AND 1895.

343

No. of Deaths.

1888. 1889. 1890. 1891. 1892. 1893. 1894. 1895.

6,000

5,900

5,800

5,700

5,600

5,500

5,400

5,300

5,200

5,100

5,000

4,900

4,800

4,700

4,600

NOTE. Black line shows death from all causes and Dotted line shows death from all causes exclusive of small-pox,

choleraic diseases and bubonic plague.

No. of

Deaths.

Mean.

Temperature.

January.

February.

600

88888

590

580

570

560

550

540

530

520

510

20 2 2 2 2

500

490

480

470

460

450

440

430

3 = 9 8 8 8

March.

April.

May.

1891.

DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES F

June.

July.

September.

August.

October.

November.

December.

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

ક્

420

410

400

390

380

370

360

350

300

TEMPER-

ATURE.

74 81 88 90 90 93 90 89 82 79 Honest, 76 79

LOWEST, 60 45 51

76 79 80 81 88

56 06 73 74 73 73 68 57 49 46

46 57

04 70 74 74 66 64 52 4

90 91 90 88 83 7:

1892.

July.

September.

November. October.

December.

August.

93 90 89 82

ناة

78 73 68 67

79 80 84 88 90 90

83 89

49 40 40 46 57 64 70 74 74 66 04 52 44 82 45 50 56 65 75 72 74 71

90 88 83 73 78 71

90 90 89 92

82 73 73.8

54 51 42.5

August.

September.

October.

November.

December.

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

1892.

DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES FOR THE FIVE YEARS ENDE

July.

Angust.

September.

October.

November.

December.

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

1893,

September.

August.

November.

December.

October.

January.

2225

!DED 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

1215

1894.

November.

December.

January.

February.

73 73.8 73.0 792 83.2 89.2 88.9 89.4 90.2 92.9 85.2 81.2 75.1 70.4 72.3 79.4 84.8 88.6 93.6 91.3 90.1 94.0 84.3 79.9 77.3 51 42.5 41.4 49.6 59.8 68.4 73.6 73.5 78.1 75.0 65.3 61.8 48.5 43.5 49.3 47.4 63.2 68.7 73.3 73.4 74.6 65.6 62.7 54.2 47.0

DO 40 00 00 0017 an telen 15 20 00 30 06 29.94 29.86 29.79 29.75 29.74 29.82 29.99 30.14 30.18

1895.

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

September.

August.

October.

November.

December.

Rainfall.

Unches.

12 13 13 2

Ꮽ

345

No. of

Deaths.

1891.

Mean.

Temperature.

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

June.

600

590

580

570

560

550

888

540

530

520

510

500

490

+ 2 2 8

480

470

460

22232

450

410

430

420

410

400

390

380

370

360

DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES FO

1892.

350

300

TEMPER-

HIGHEST, 70 79 74 81 88 90 90 93 90 89 82 79 70 79 80 84 88 90 90 91 90 88 83 73

ATURE. LOWEST, 60 45 51 66 06 73 74 73 73 68 67 49 40 49 46 57

04 70 74 74 66 064 52 44

BAROMETER MEAN.

30.14 29.85 30.03 29.59 29.88 29.72 29.68 23.74 29.79 29.97 20.10 30.22 30.20 30.03 30.01 29.95 29.87 20.76 20.74 29.82 29.76 29.99 30.16 30.22 3

NOTE.-Plain line indicates the number

FOR THE FIVE YEARS ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

1893.

1215

1894.

December.

January.

February.

March.

April.

June.

July.

May.

September.

August.

October.

November.

December.

January.

73 73

71 70 83 89 90 90 89 92 87 82 73 73.8 73.0 792 83.2 89.2 88.9 89.4 90.2 92.9 85.2 81.2 75.1 70.4 72.3 79.4 81.8 88.69

44 32 45 50 56 65 75 72 74 71 67 54 51 42.5 41.4 49.6 59.8 68.4 73.6 73.5 73.1 75.0 65.3 61.8 48.5 43.5 49.3 47.4 63.2 68.7

30.22 30.12 30.16 30.06 29.95 29.86 29.86 29.77 29.78 29.76 29.97 30.18 30.19 30.12 30.18 50.06 29.94 29.84 29.77 29.78 29.75 23.79 29.98 30.11 30.18 30.17 $0.09 30.06 29.94 29.86 £

mber of deaths, the Curved line mean temperature, and the Dotted line rain-fall in inches.

otted line rain-fall in inches.

ED 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

1215

1894.

January.

February.

March.

April.

73.8 73.9 792 83.2 83.2 85.9 89.4 90.2 92.9 85.2 81.2 75.1 70.4 72.3 79.4 84.8 88.6 93.6 91.3 90.1 94.0 84.3 79.9 77.3

42.5 41.4 49.6 59.8 68.4 73.6 73.5 73.1 75.0 65.3 61.8 48.5 43.5 49.3 47.4 63.2 68.7 73.3 73.4 74.6 65.6 62.7 54.2 47.0

30.12 30.18 50.06 29.94 29.84 29.77 29.78 29.75 29.79 29.98 30.11 30.18 30.17 30.09 30.06 29.94 29.86 29.79 29.75 29.74 29.82 29.99 30.14 30.18

1895.

March.

April.

May.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

November.

December.

Rainfall.

Unches.

}

REPORT BY THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH OF THE COLONY OF HONGKONG FOR THE YEAR 1895.

SANITARY BOARD.

Members:

Hon. J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Registrar General.

Hon. F. A. COOPER, Director of Public Works (President).

Hon. Commander W. C. H. HASTINGS, R.N., Acting Captain Superintendent of Police. Dr. J. M. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon, (Vice-President).

Dr. FRANCIS W. CLARK, Medical Officer of Health.

N. J. EDE, Esq.

Secretary to the Board:

347

HUGH MCCALLUM, Esq.

Medical Officer of Health:

FRANCIS W. CLARK, M.B.; D,P.H. CAMB.

Senior Inspector of Nuisances:

Mr. J. R. GERMAIN.

Inspectors of Nuisances.

No. 1 Health District,.. Mr. GALBRAITH MOFFATT.

J. T. COTTON.

J. R. GRIMBLE.

GEO. BURNETT.

JOHN REIDIE.

THOS. HORE.

No. 7 Health District,.. Mr. L. BRETT.

J. J. CLERIHEW.

D. MCALLISTER.

}}

DONALD BREMNER.

JOHN RENNIE. DANIEL HALL.

To the Secretary of the

No. 13 Health District Mr. PETER MCNABB.

SANITARY BOARD.

SANITARY BOARD OFFICES,

HONGKONG, 30th April, 1896.

SIR,--I have the honour to submit, for the information of the Board, the following Report upon the health of the Colony of Hongkong during the year 1895.

POPULATION.

The population of the Colony at the census of 1881 was 160,402, while at the 1891 census it had risen to 221,441, representing an annual increase if 3.277 per cent.; for the purposes of this Report, the civil population has been estimated to the middle of 1895 to be 244,930, the total population being 248,498.

The non-Chinese community comprises only 10,828, of whom 1,759 belong to the Army and 1,809 to the Navy, leaving a non-Chinese civil population of 7,260. This civil population consists of persons of all nationalities, and the European element represents but a small proportion, being estimated at 2,680; of these, some 1,800 are British and the remainder consist of Germans, French, Swiss, etc.; the Portuguese, who numbered at the last census, 2,089, and may be estimated, to the middle of 1895, at 2,230, are for well known reasons, not included among the Europeans.

The remainder of the civil population is composed of Indians, Japanese, Negroes, and natives of Malay and Manila, the Indians being numerically the most important element.

The Chinese number 237,670 and they may be divided into two classes, the land and the boat population, the latter numbering 33,180 and the former 204,490. The Chinese land population is distributed as follows:--

City of Victoria, Kaulung,...... Villages,

....167,500 24,270

12,720

204,490

-1-

348

The number of occupied houses in the City of Victoria, at the middle of the year, was 6,837; and of these about 479 were exclusively European, so that the average number of Chinese occupying each of the remaining 6,358 houses was 26-3, and as some of these houses are occupied by the better class Chinese, it can readily be seen that the poorer portions of the city are greatly overcrowded.

The acreage of that portion of the city already occupied by buildings, including shops, godowns, etc., is 574 acres, distributed as follows:--

No. 1 Health District.........

100 acres.

No. 5 Health District.........

}}

55 acres.

The population of the city, both European and Asiatic, may be estimated at 176,000 consisting of Chinese 167,500 and non-Chinese 8,500, (the remainder of the civil population residing at the Peak, at Kaulung and in the villages) which gives an average density of population of 300 persons per acre, which is six times the average density of population of London, and is another evidence of that terrible overcrowding, which is largely responsible for the high death-rate and for such uncontrollable outbreaks of disease, as that which swept over the Colony during 1894.

The Chinese boat population has been stated to number 33,180, and it must be remembered that these people live entirely on board their small craft, and have little or no intercourse with the land population. The number of registered boats belonging to the port is as follows:--

Fishing and Trading Junks,. Other boats (sampans, etc.).

5,630 3,804

Total,.................. 9,434

Of this total about one-fifth would be absent from the waters of the Colony at the time of the taking of the census, and as the estimate of the present boat population is based upon those returns, it may be considered that an average of from four to five persons live upon each of these boats.

The Chinese population is peculiar in the great excess of males over females, the proportion being approximately one-fourth females and three-fourths males, while moreover these latter may, in a sense, be regarded as picked lives, for the great majority of them are young adults, who reside in the Colony solely with the object of earning and accumulating money, and with the full intention of returning to their homes, on the mainland, within a few years.

BIRTHS.

The number of births registered during the year was as follows:-

Chinese community............ Non-Chinese community...... 119

Males. 682

Females.

Total.

513

1,195

113

232

1,427

This is equal to a birth-rate of 5.8 per 1,000. The number of births among Europeans was 95; of which 79 were British, 13 German and 3 French. The births among the Portuguese numbered 63 and among the Indians 66, while there were also 3 births of Japanese and 5 of natives of Malay; the birth-rate among the non-Chinese community was therefore 21'4 per 1,000, while that among the Portuguese community alone was 28.25 per 1,000 and among the British (exclusive of 19 births which occurred in the military quarters) was 22.4 per 1,000. This is one of the most satisfactory features in connection with our vital statistics, indicating as it does the remarkable extent to which family life prevails in this far-distant Colony.

The number of Chinese births registered conveys a most erroneous impression of the actual birth-rate among the Chinese, for no less than 805 births must be added, none of which were registered by the parents. This figure has been computed by the Assistant Registrar General from the figures relating to the deaths of unknown infants in the various Convents, and the bodies of newly-born children found in the Harbour, or in the streets, and includes all such children as appeared to be less than one month old. With this addition, the number of Chinese births will stand at 2,000 exactly, and the birth-rate at 8-4 per 1,000, which is an exceptionally low rate, even taking into consideration the great preponderance of men over women in the population. There is, however, another circumstance that bears largely upon this question of the birth-rate among Chinese, namely, the fact that no less than 9 per cent. of the Chinese adult female population of the City of Victoria are prostitutes, residing in public brothels, while probably as many more are to be found in the private dwellings, especially of the poorest classes.

The addition of the above 805 unregistered births raises the total birth-rate for the Colony to 9.3 per 1,000.

DEATHS.

349

With such a population as

population as we have in this Colony, one would reasonably expect to find an abnormally low death-rate, but unhappily such is the condition of filth, of overcrowding and of squalor generally in which these people have been allowed to live, that instead of this low death-rate, our rate has, during the past year, amounted to 21:65 per 1,000. The average death-rate during the past five years (excluding, for obvious reasons, 1894) has been 22.9 per 1,000, so that this past year shows a slight diminution upon the previous average.

The total number of deaths recorded was 5,400; of these only 191 were non-Chinese, representing a death-rate of 17.6 per 1,000.

One of the most deplorable features of this high death-rate among the Chinese is its partial dependence upon the crass ignorance of the Chinese in regard to the remedial treatment of disease, for not only are they unaware of the use of such a drug say, as Quinine in Malarial Fever, or of the simplest surgical operation for the relief of disease and pain, but such remedies as they do adopt are often, as I will show elsewhere, in reference to the alarming prevalence of tetanus neonatorum among Chinese infants, of a most prejudicial and even dangerous character. So strongly has this aspect of our death-rate impressed me, that I would urge the Board to represent to His Excellency the Governor the desirability of taking, at an early date, some active steps in the matter of the education of the Chinese in Western medicine, such as the endowment of a College of Medicine for the education of the Chinese inhabitants of this Colony. At the present moment no restrictions whatever are placed upon the sale and administration of poisons by native quacks, and it is a notorious fact that many an ignorant coolie practises the divine art of healing, in this Colony, to the great benefit of his own purse, but to the serious danger to the health and even the lives of his credulous victims.

I am aware that it is no easy matter to induce the Chinaman to accept the teachings and practices of Western medicine, but there can be no question that something must be done, and that promptly, to check the waste of human life which unquestionably results from the ignorant practices of these so-called "doctors." The prohibition of the sale or administration of poisons by other than registered persons, the registration of Chinese midwives, and the absolute prohibition of such Chinese methods of treatment as are admittedly dangerous to the lives of the patients (such, for instance, as the cauterization of the bodies of newly-born infants) are matters which demand the urgent attention of the Government.

Another of the consequences of this ignorance of the Chinese respecting medical matters is that although the statistics of the Registrar General respecting the total deaths may be accurate, yet any analysis of the causes of these deaths teems with inaccuracies, because causes of death are registered merely upon the statements made by the person registering the death, and these statements are, as I have already good reasons to know, often deliberate fabrications containing not an element of truth. Apart altogether from the question of the accuracy of our vital statistics, such a system as this must of necessity tend to encourage crime, by facilitating the disposal of the dead body of any victim to foul play, and I would therefore suggest to the Government the advisability of associating a medical man with the department of the Registrar General preferably the officer appointed to act as Govern- ment pathologist, or failing him, the Medical Officer of Health, so that all uncertified deaths may be properly enquired into and a more accurate diagnosis arrived at than is at present possible. It will be observed that in no less than 10 per cent. of the deaths no attempt whatever is made to arrive at even a proximate diagnosis, the deaths being merely recorded as "Ill-defined and undiagnosed.” Surely, there is a vast opening here for the utilization of well-trained students of the College of Medicine if only the Government can see its way to endow that most deserving but struggling institution, and offer employment to its alumni.

AGE DISTRIBUTION OF DEATHS.

The most important feature in regard to the age distribution of the registered deaths is the enormous mortality among Chinese infants under one year of age, for in spite of the fact that the total birth- rate is only 9.3 per 1,000, yet no less than 28 per cent. of the total deaths occurred in infants, and nearly two-thirds of these were at ages under one month. The number of infant deaths registered during the year was 1,519 representing a total infant death-rate of 680 per 1,000, while the infant death-rate among the European civil community was only 116 per 1,000, and among the Portuguese community it was 197 per 1,000. I have made some enquiries into the causes of this high infant death-rate among the Chinese, and find that it is largely due to diseases of a convulsive type, many of which are doubtless produced by the foul atmosphere which these infants breathe in the ill-ventilated dwellings of the poor, but I am of opinion that not a few are the direct result of the forms of treatment to which these infants are subjected by the native midwives and quack doctors. It appears to be a Chinese medical custom to cauterize the face or body of an infant, as a remedial measure in the treatment of flatulence or other trivial ailment, and I am sure that the sores and scars thus produced are one of the most fruitful causes of these convulsive deaths. The disregard of the value of female lives by the Chinese has also to be reckoned with, for it is a significant fact that the death-rate among infant girls is double that among infant boys, and under these circumstances I consider that the

* By "infant death-rate" is meant the number of infant deaths per 1,000 births, registered during the year.

350

Government should, without delay, introduce a Bill for the registration and licensing of all Chinese midwives practising in this Colony, so that some control may be exercised over them, in this respect, and also in respect to the number of deaths from Puerperal Fever, further reference to which will be found on page 9.

The following is a Table of the age periods at which the several deaths occurred :—

Ages unknown. Under 1 month. 1 month and 1 and under 5. 5 and under 15. 15 and under 45. 45 and upwards.

under 1 year.

952

567

408

289

RACIAL DISTRIBUTION OF Deaths.

1,870

1,300

The number of deaths which occurred among the non-Chinese community during the year was 191; of these, 30 are debited to the Army and 8 to the Navy, leaving 153 deaths to be accounted for among the British and Foreign civil community, which is equal to a death-rate of 21:07 per 1,000; if the naval and military establishments are included, the death-rate stands at 17·6 per 1,000.

Of the 30 deaths in the Army, 22 were British, the remainder being Indians; the average age at death of the British soldier was 25.5 years, and the causes of death were as follows:-

Malarial Fever

Drowning...

Meningitis Cholera..... Dysentery.. Diarrhoea

Enteric Fever

.....

Sunstroke....

Abscess of Brain

Heart disease.

Pneumonia

Phthisis

Strangulated Hernia

Total...........

The average age at death in the Navy was 25'6 years, and the eight deaths were due to the following causes :-

Heart disease

Drowning

Dysentery

Enteric Fever

Myelitis

Meningitis

Phthisis

Total.......

The deaths of Europeans employed in the mercantile marine, and in foreign navies, were 22 in number, and the average age at death of these was 321 years, while the causes of death were as follows:-

Phthisis Enteritis

Enteric Fever

.....

Dysentery

Peritonitis

Cancer....

Bright's disease ....

Anomia

Drowning

Hemorrhage from wounds

Traumatic Meningitis

Meningitis

Apoplexy

Asthma....

Undiagnosed

Total............

351

The most remarkable feature in connection with the causes of death of the non-Chinese community is the great number of violent deaths which are recorded, no less than 15 out of the 191, or nearly eight per cent., being due to such causes. The following is a tabular statement of these deaths :-

Drowning Fracture of skull Poisoning

►

..........1

Cut-throat (suicide) Bullet wound.... Hæmorrhage from wounds ......1

...8 ...2 ..1

Traumatic Meningitis 1.

The average age at death in these cases was 26'3 years.

The deaths among the non-Chinese community comprise persons of the most varied nationalities, for of the 191 deaths, only 92 were Europeans, and 22 of these were non-residents belonging to the mercantile marine and foreign navies, while 30 others have already been accounted for as belonging to the two British services, so that 40 only were European residents, and taking 2,680 as the estimated resident European population, this equals a death-rate of 14.9 per 1,000; the remaining 99 deaths were distributed, racially, as follows:-

Portuguese

Indians.........

Japanese

Malay Manila-men Negroes

Good

Total......

The 92 European deaths were distributed as follows:-

British

German

French

Russian

Norwegian

Swiss

Total............... 92

The following is a list of the causes of death of the 40 European members of the resident civil population:-

Accidents.....

Heart disease.

Thoracic Aneurysm.............................

Phthisis

Other chest diseases........................................

Diseases of the Liver

Kidneys..

Malarial Fever .......

Rheumatic Fever.............................

62212

Ulcers

Dysentery

Other intestinal diseases

Peritonitis

Septicemia (puerperal)

Miscarriage

Premature birth.

Infantile convulsions............

Old age

Total............

Intestinal diseases are apparently the most to be feared here, as in all tropical climates, and great care is needed to avoid unripe fruit or unwholesome food and contaminated drinking water, which are probably the two most potent factors in the production of these diseases.

The risks of pregnancy are also very great, owing apparently to a marked susceptibility to septic infection, and I would strongly advise residence in a detached house at the Peak, as the safest course to adopt during such a critical period as the puerperium.

می

352

Malarial Fever is only responsible for two European deaths, one of them being an infant under one year of age. The dangers of chill are exemplified by the six deaths from diseases of the liver and kidneys, while a too liberal dietary may also have had something to do with the causation of these deaths. Diseases of the chest are more common than might have been expected, although rapid changes of temperature are not uncommon, and at certain seasons of the year, ordinary catarrhal affections appear to be as prevalent here as at home.

Deaths among the Chinese population

1. Chest diseases.

The Chinese suffer considerably from diseases of the chest, no less than 1,136 deaths being recorded under this heading; this represents a death-rate of 4.8 per 1,000. The disease is more fatal among the boat population than among the land population, the rate among the former alone being 5.9 per 1,000. The causes of this high mortality from chest diseases, and notably from Consumption, which accounts for more than one half of these deaths, and which alone represents more than 11 per cent. of the total death-rate among Chinese, are undoubtedly the same as have been found to operate elsewhere, namely, overcrowding, back-to-back houses, and that want of efficient ventilation which is so marked a feature of the present class of Chinese dwellings, while an additional predisposing cause is to be found in the damp and dark basement dwellings, many of which abut against the hillside for the entire depth of one or more of their retaining walls. The operations of Ordinance 15 of 1894 will undoubtedly produce a marked reduction in the deaths from this cause, by reducing the number of these insanitary dwellings, but it will, I fear, be some years before the full benefits derivable from the provisions of this Ordinance are realized, for in many cases the fault lies, not so much in the construction of the dwelling but rather in its misuse by ignorant and uncleanly tenants.

2. Deaths from Nervous diseases.

Diseases of the nervous system bulk largely in the death returns for the Chinese population, owing to the enormous infant mortality from convulsions; the deaths from these causes total 1,192, and no less than 6.25 per cent. of them occurred in infants under one month old, while the number of deaths from Convulsions, Tetanus and Trismus was 1,107 or 92-8 per cent. of the total death-rate from diseases of the nervous system.

Twenty-four deaths, mostly adults, were due to Meningitis, probably the result of insolation in most cases, while various forms of Paralysis account for other 56 deaths; three deaths were due to Epilepsy and two to Mania.

3. Deaths from Malarial Diseases.

The Chinese suffer severely from Malaria, no less than 757 deaths being recorded from this cause alone; this represents a death-rate of 3.2 per 1,000. It is noteworthy to observe that the death-rate from this disease among the boat population is almost double as great as among the land population. The ignorance of the Chinese respecting the value of such drugs as Quinine in the treatment of malarial diseases no doubt largely accounts for this high death-rate, for the rate among resident Europeans, who should be at a great disadvantage in comparison with the native population is only 0.75 per 1,000.

}

Beri-beri, which is classed with the malarial diseases, claims 0.6 per 1,000 of the Chinese popula- tion, but the disease is apparently not recognized in the villages, as only one death is recorded as having occurred outside the city, while 139 occurred within it; four deaths from this disease are debited to the non-Chinese community, none of which were, however, Europeans, three being Japanese sailors and the fourth a lascar.

4. Deaths from Dysentery.

There were 99 deaths from this disease among Chinese during the year, seven among Europeans (already referred to) and three among the foreign community, one being an Indian soldier, one an Indian Police Constable and one a Japanese.

The high mortality among the Chinese is doubtless due more to that ignorance of effective reme- dial measures, of which I have already spoken, than to any extensive endemicity of the disease.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES.

At the latter end of the year the Sanitary Board largely extended the scope of its bye-laws relating to the notification of infectious diseases and brought them more into line with the provisions of the Imperial Infectious Diseases Notification Act of 1889. Prior to November the special bye-laws upon the subject related only to Small-pox and Bubonic Plague, and the onus of notifying the disease fell upon the medical attendant, without fee, while in the absence of a medical practitioner" of any nation- ality" " which included therefore the Chinese so-called "doctors" this duty was imposed upon the nearest male adult relative or the occupier or keeper of the premises. The present bye-laws apply to Small-pox, Bubonic Plague, Cholera, Diphtheria, Scarlet Fever, Typhus Fever, Enteric Fever, Relapsing Fever,

353

and Puerperal Fever, and a fee of, one dollar is payable to legally qualified and registered medical practitioners for every such certificate, while in the absence of a medical attendant, the occupier or keeper of the premises, or in default the nearest male adult relative, or the attendant upon the sick person is required to notify the existence of any of the following diseases, namely, Small-pox, Cholera, and Bubonic Plague. A penalty of $50 is recoverable for any contravention of these bye-laws, but in practice, it is found, as at home, that where a medical practitioner is not in attendance, the case is rarely notified, and as it is almost impossible to prove, in a court of law, that any of the above named persons actually knew that the disease was either small-pox, cholera or bubonic plague, a prosecu- tion is seldom undertaken.

It will be noticed that, actuated by experience of the working of the Imperial Act, I recom- mended the omission of Erysipelas from the list of the notifiable diseases.

DEATHS FROM THE INFECTIOUS DISEASES.

1. Bubonic Fever.

The statement made by Dr. Lowson, in his able report upon the epidemic of Bubonic Fever (so-called Plague) in 1894, that the public latrines were one of the most potent factors in the spread of the disease, is of serious moment to the health of the Colony, for if this assertion can be substantiated by facts the Sanitary Board must, without delay, devise some other means of conser- vancy than that in vogue at present. None of the Chinese houses in the Colony are provided with any latrine or closet accommodation, and it is the custom for the men to visit a public latrine, for this purpose, while the women almost invariably use pots which are kept in the backyards or kitchens of their houses; both the pots and the latrines are emptied daily by night-soil coolies, and the night-soil is removed from the Colony at once by boats. For a city such as Victoria, with a tropical climate, and a limited water supply, this appears to me a perfect system, but if the use of public latrines by the men can be proved to be the main cause of spreading such a disease as Bubonic Fever throughout the Colony, then the sooner they are abolished the better. I contend, however, that there is no evidence to justify such an assertion, and in support of this contention I would point, in the first place, to the relative incidence of the disease during 1894 upon the two sexes; the Registrar General's report for that year shows that, out of 2,508 deaths, 1,565 were men and 943 were women, that is to say, the proportion of cases in the two sexes was as 17 to 1, and as I have already pointed out that the population of the Colony is composed of thrice as many men as women, it would appear that the women suffered from this disease to about double the extent that the men did, and as it is the men alone who use the public latrines, I fail to see how these can be held in any way responsible for the spread of the disease. It is true that the disease was more prevalent in the neighbourhood of these public latrines than elsewhere, but it is also true that the latrines are, for reasons of convenience, invariably located in the most densely populated quarters of the city, and as the predisposing causes of Bubonic Fever are undoubtedly, as in Typhus, overcrowding, want of ventilation, filth, debility and privation, we have here far more potent factors in the causation of an epidemic, than the mere location of the public latrines. I do not wish to assert that Bubonic Fever cannot be communicated by the excreta, although our information as to the existence or non-existence of the specific bacilli in the intestinal canal is not as positive as one could wish, but I am most strongly of opinion that the infec- tion is disseminated chiefly by the emanations from the breath and skin, and only to a minor extent by the excreta.

Much has been written about the preponderance of femoral buboes, and Dr. Lowson, in his report, explains this by asserting that in the Chinese, who usually go barefooted, infection by inocu- lation was the usual condition, but he fails to explain why the men of the Shropshire regiment also had femoral and inguinal buboes. To my mind the explanation of their occurrence, in either case, is a very simple one; the disease is essentially one of the lymphatic system, and post-mortem examina- tions have abundantly shown that all the lymphatic glands of the body are more or less implicated, → and all exhibit a greater or less tendency to enlargement; therefore any special source of irritation will be sure to produce marked enlargement of certain glands, and such irritation would naturally occur in men, whether barefooted or booted, by much walking, especially if carrying heavy weights at the same time, and by climbing up and down narrow flights of stairs, as was done by the soldiers; women on the other hand exhibit mostly enlargements of the axillary glands consequent upon their ordinary household avocations, while the femoral and inguinal glands are not usually very enlarged, for the ordinary Chinese woman, except of the lowest class, does very little walking. It is an admitted fact that patients suffering from Bubonic Fever are able to walk about, and even in some cases to follow their usual employment, for the first day or two of their illness, and then succumb rapidly from heart failure, so that there is ample time for the development of the irritative enlargement of any special chain of glands.

Yet another argument against this theory of infection by inoculation is that wound reaction is not present, in ordinary cases of the disease, but that when we get a genuine case of accidental inocu- lation as from a post-mortem wound, it is most marked, both at the seat of the wound and along the track of the lymphatic vessels. This is well shown in the case of Professor AOYAMA as described on

----7--

354

page 38 of Dr. Lowson's Report, for he had two inoculation wounds, one on the left third finger and the other on the right thumb; both of these wounds became so inflamed and intensely painful that they had to be freely incised, while severe lymphangitis occurred in both arms, and buboes formed in each axilla; it is worthy of note that the first bubo formed in the left axilla while the lymphangitis appeared first in the right arm. Case X., Chinese, also illustrates this point, and in my opinion serves to accentuate the rarity of infection by inoculation under ordinary circumstances.

As I have said, the infective material will breed in premises which are filthy, ill-ventilated, overcrowded and dark, and the disease is contracted by prolonged breathing of such atmosphere as is found under these conditions, and the attention of the Board should therefore be directed not to the substitution of other methods of conservancy for that at present in vogue, but to the speedy improve- ment of the general sanitary condition of the Colony, the prohibition of back-to-back houses, the opening out of narrow lanes and passages, at present occluded by filthy hoardings, awnings and other coverings, the provision of an abundant supply of pure water, and the prevention of that over- crowding which has unhappily been permitted to continue unchecked for so many years past.

It is a significant fact that only about 26 per cent. of the cases occur on the ground floors of houses, although nearly half the tenement houses of the Colony are still but two-story buildings, and the proportion of occupied ground floor rooms to upper floor rooms is as 65 to 100. This is, I think, another argument in favour of the theory that overcrowding and want of ventilation are the more potent factors in the spread of the disease, for the ground floor rooms of most Chinese houses are open throughout their entire frontage, during the day-time, being closed at night by wide doors, while the upper floor rooms have no such efficient means of ventilation.

The course to be pursued appears undoubtedly to take steps at an early date, in the direction indicated by the provisions of the Crown Lands Resumption Ordinance, No. 23 of 1889, which is much on the lines of the Imperial Housing of the Working Classes Act of 1890, and to resume certain insanitary areas, demolish the premises upon them, and then having laid out the land, either re-sell the building lots, or build model dwellings thereon; there are a number of insanitary areas in the city which urgently need resumption, and when the clearing and laying out of Taipingshan has been completed others could be taken in hand without producing further congestion of the remaining portions of the city.

The number of cases of Bubonic Fever reported during the year was 45, of whom 14 were women and 31 were men; 14 of these were taken to Hospital after death. Thirty-six deaths were registered during the year; the first case occurred on April 29th, and the disease continued to recur sporadically during the remainder of the year. No less than twelve of the cases originated in No. 7 Health District where the houses are in a very dirty and insanitary condition, and many of the inhabitants of which are said to have come from the resumed area of Taipingshan. Four cases were clearly imported from the mainland, while eight came from two houses in a small lane in No. 6 Health District (Heung Lane), but the origin of these cases was unexplained.

The distribution of the cases was as follows:-

April May

222

June

July

August

September

November

December

The steps adopted upon the report of each case have been to at once remove the patient to the Kennedy Town Hospital, to place a Police guard upon the premises to prevent persons leaving, to disinfect all clothing, bedding and other fomites found upon the premises (including the clothing actually worn by these persons, suits of Government clothing being lent to them, in the meantime), and then to give these persons the option of leaving the Colony for a period of not less than ten days, or of remaining isolated upon a quarantine boat, for a like period, at the Government expense. The great majority elected to leave the Colony, and they were accordingly escorted to the boats by a Police Officer, and their return fares to Canton paid by the Captain Superintendent of Police. In all cases the premises recently occupied by the patient have been stripped, disinfected, scrubbed and limewashed.

2 CHOLERA.

Four deaths from cholera are recorded for the year 1895, two being in Europeans belonging to the Army (cet. 22 and 30 respectively), one an Asiatic at Kowloon (cet. 21) and one a Portuguese (æt. 19); it will be noted that the victims were all young adults. In no case did the disease spread, and I think we may take it that the cause of death was not, in any of these cases, genuine Asiatic cholera, but rather some form of non-infectious cholera nostras, such as is met with in Egypt and elsewhere, or an acute choleraic diarrhoea induced by indiscretions of diet or exposure to chill.

ཡ8--

355

3 SMALL-POx.

In a Colony having such close proximity to the mainland of China, we must expect to have small-pox constantly introduced, and yet the chances of its spreading are small, for most of the Chinese inhabitants are already protected by a previous attack, while the Vaccine Institute under the super- intendence of the Colonial Surgeon supplies an abundance of pure lymph which undoubtedly accounts for the remarkable immunity of the Police and other officials from this disease.

Thirty-two cases of the disease were reported during the year, and eight deaths were registered. Five of the cases occurred amongst Europeans, two being taken from steamers in the Harbour, and one from the Sailors' Home, while one was a woman removed from the McGregor Barracks. There was a small outbreak of the disease among the children at the Berlin Foundling Mission during the month of May, when five cases were recorded, and another small outbreak at the village of Hunghom at the latter end of the year, which accounts for other six cases, while one case is debited to each of the villages of Yaumati, Tsat Tsz Mui and Quarry Bay. Twenty of the cases were men, and twelve women, and they were treated in the following institutions :-

Government Civil Hospital................18 Kennedy Town Hospital.......

Tung Wa Hospital

At home

4 ENTERIC FEVER.

Fifteen deaths were registered during the year as having occurred from this cause, four of them being among the non-Chinese civil population and one a British soldier; the former comprised one British sailor, one German sailor, one Japanese sailor, (all imported cases) and one Japanese prosți- tute. Of the ten deaths which occurred among the Chinese community, no less than five were clearly proved to have returned from the mainland in an infected condition, and of the remaining five, one was brought from Tsat Tsz Mui, and one from Hunghom (an employé at the Docks) while two occurred in No. 7 Health District of the city, and no information was obtainable concerning the remaining one.

Provided that the water supply and the milk supplies of the Colony are zealously guarded from pollution, we need have no fear of any extensive outbreak of this disease, since the system of con- servancy in vogue, provided it be efficiently carried out, lends no aid to the local dissemination of such a virus as that of Enteric Fever, but if we would maintain this exemption, the Board must zealously guard its powers of preventing the introduction of water-closets and of the water-carriage system of the disposal of excreta, for there can be no question that sewers, containing such matters, may play a most important part in the dissemination both of Typhoid Fever and of Diphtheria.

5. PUERPERAL FEVER.

Twelve deaths were registered from Puerperal Fever among the Chinese, and no less than ten of them occurred at Kaulung, eight being among a boat population of about 6,000. In speaking of the enormous infant mortality among the Chinese, I have advocated the registration of all Chinese mid- wives, and this is another strong argument in favour of the necessity for some control being exercised over these women, who are at present able to carry about in their persons and their clothing so fatal a malady as Puerperal Fever, and thus produce a death-rate equal to 13 per 1,000 in a flourishing suburb of the city.

Return of articles disinfected at the Government steam disinfecting station during the year 1895.

No. of articles removed from private houses,

Tung Wa Hospital, Government Civil Hospital,. Military Hospitals,

Victoria Gaol,

Total,............

3,368

2,200

822

155

6,553

COMMON LODGING-HOUSES.

A series of admirable Bye-laws, relating to the regulating of common lodging-houses, were drafted by the Board in 1891 and approved by the Legislative Council, but owing to various circum- stances, these bye-laws did not come into force until January 1st, 1895. They are now in working order, and have already done much to lessen the overcrowding of the coolie-houses, and to ensure their cleanliness and ventilation. In fact, at the present moment, some of the healthiest Chinése dwellings in the city are the more recently licensed common lodging-houses.

I append a copy of the Registrar General's return of deaths for the year 1895,

and have the honour to be, Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

FRANCIS W. Clark.

356

RETURN SHOWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

VICTORIA DISTRICT.

DIVISION.

CLASSIFICATION

CAUSES OF DEATH.

(IN GROUPS.)

COMMUNITY.

Civil.

Army.

Navy.

I.-General Diseases.

Group A.,

B.,

C.,

D.,

II- Local Diseases.

37 12

20:

Sokonpo.

Bowrington.

12:

Wantsai.

Hawan.

Sheungwan.

Chungwan.

Táip'ingshan.

Saiyingpun.

Shektongtsui.

Kennedy-

town.

Harbour.

13 118

COTO

3 2

494

191

19 29 69 17

NO*

649

223

283

133

347 112

127 31

7:22

221

:..

The Nervous System, The Circulatory System,

The Respiratory System,.

The Digestive System,

IP 10 09 0s

The Urinary System,....

1 2

...

227

...

139

100

110

995

28 703

1,431

490

178

The Generative System, Affections connected with

Pregnancy,

Affections connected with

Parturition,

Disease of Organs of Loco-

motion,

Disease of Skin,

III.-Ill-defined & Undiag-

nosed,

: :

TOTAL, ALL CAUSES,... 153 30

I.-General Diseases.

A-Specific Febrile

Diseases.

(1)—Exanthemata.

Small-pox, .....

Measles,

Fever, Typhus,

159

Typhoid,

Simple,

Cholera,

Choleraic Diarrhoea,

Cholera Infantum,

Dysentery,

Influenza,

Plague,

(2)- Malarial.

...

***

107

...

118

...

: co

Anand 00 00 00

18 21

194

222

412:

...

109

1Ỡ 4 CO

...

Fever, Intermittent,

Remittent,

Beri-Beri,

Malarial Cachexia,....

(3)-Septic.

Erysipelas,

Pycemia,

Septicemia,

Puerperal Fever,

Septicemia,

Phagedæna,....

(4)- Venereal.

Syphilis,

Congenital,

Gonorrhoea,

Suppurating Bubo,.................

...

ลง

Total Group A,... 37

со

133

118

349 66

316

...

:::

...

***

...

494

3333

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31sr DAY OF DECEMBER, 1895.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

357

TOTAL AT THe DifferenT AGE PERIODS.

DISTRICT.

KOWLOON SHAUKIWAN ABERDEEN STANLEY DISTRICT. DISTRICT.

DISTRICT.

GRAND

TOTAL.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Month.

Under 1

Over 1 & under 12. Months.

Over 1 & under

5 Years.

Over 5 & under) 15 Years.

Over 15 & un-

der 45 Years.

Over 45

Ago

Years.

Unknown.

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111

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271

1,267

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164

480

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167

163

: 45: &

1,221

518

532

1,139

161

388

20-

...

39 56 21

114

178 101

543

307

220 200 151

64 113

14 952

567 408

289

1,871 |1,299

5,400

...

15 199

4 14

...

109

79 34

166

389

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423

118

144

517

196

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69 111

721

271

1,267

358

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

BRITISH

AND

FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

VICTORIA DISTRICT.

DIVISION.

CAUSES.

Bowrington.

Wantsai.

Civil.

Army.

Navy.

Sokonpo.

Brought forward,... 37 12 1

General Diseases,—Cont

B.-Diseases dependent on

Specific External Agents.

(1)-Parasites.

Worms,

(2)—Poisons.

Vegetable, (Opium),

Narcotic Poison,..

Morphia Poison,.....

(3)-Effects of Injuries.

Burns and Scalds,

Sun-strokes,

46 494

3333

Sheungwan.

Chungwan.

Táip'ingshan.

Saiyingpun.

Shektongtsui.

Kennedy-

town.

Harbour.

Hawan.

13 118

Heat Apoplexy,

Asphyxia,

Drowning,

Strangulation,...

Wounds,

Privation,

...

Shock and Hæmorrhage,

•

...

32 21

Fracture of Skull,

of Spine,

Rupture of Spleen,...

Internal Injuries,

Dislocation of Vertebræ,

Rupture of Spinal Chord, Suffocation & Genl. Injuries, (4)-Errors of Diet.

Alcoholism,

Total Group B.,... C-Developmental Diseases.

Immaturity at Birth,

Debility,

Old Age,..

Marasmus,

Total Group C.....

D.-Miscellaneous

Diseases.

Rheumatic Fever,

Rheumatism,

Scrofula,

...

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...

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19 218

254 615

132

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...

1 14

2 1

...

3 588

1 133

...

•

...

•

::- :

Nii w

Anæmia,

Tabes Mesenteria,

•

Total Group D.,... 4

Total Class I,

II.-Local Diseases.

A.-The Nervous System.

398

...

Meningitis,

Abscess of Brain,

Apoplexy,

Paralysis,

Convulsions,

...

***

•

***

12 649

223

Ι 15

Carried forward,... 82 21

4 21

867

477 701 192

Tetanus,

Trismus, ........ Inflammation of Brain, Cerebral Effusion,

Softening,.

Tumour,

Epilepsy,..............

Mania,

359

GRAND

TOTAL.

271

Population.

Under 1

Month.

Over 1 & under

12 Months.

Over 1 & under

5 Years.

Over 5 & under 15 Years.

Over 15 & un-

der 45 Years.

Over 45

Age

Years.

Unknown.

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31sr DAY OF DECEMBER, 1895,—Continued.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

111

721

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

KOWLOON SHAUKIWAN ABERDEEN STANLEY DISTRICT. DISTRICT. DISTRICT. DISTRICT.

300g

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

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93 105

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271

164

480

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722

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764 167 162

172

104

121

833 406 316 173 891

497

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1,206

3,121

360

RETURN SHOWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

CAUSES.

BRITISH

AND FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

VICTORIA DISTRICT.

DIVISION.

Civil.

Army.

Navy.

Sokonpo.

Bowrington.

Wantsai.

4 21

Brought forward,... 82 21

Local Diseases.- Conta

Brought forward,... 24 3

The Nervous System.

Hemiplegia,...

Paraplegia,

Myelitis,

...

Hawan.

Sheungwan.

Chungwan.

Táip'ingshan.

Saiyingpun.

Shektongtsui.

Kennedy-

town.

Harbour.

31 867

11 477 701 192

649

:::: 80

7 12

649

...

Disseminated Schrosis,

...

Total Nervous System,... 24

B.-The Circulatory System.

Valvular Heart Disease,

Aneurysm,

Pericarditis,

Atrophy of Heart,

....

Fatty Generation of Heart,. Partial Rupture of Pulmo-

nary Artery,

Syncope,

Epistaxis,

Total Circulatory System,

C.--The Respiratory System.

2121 -

•

3 2

...

Croup,

Bronchitis,

Pneumonia,

Phthisis,

Pleurisy,

Asthma,

Atelectasis,

:::

•

...

4475

223

...

:-:8

...

223

...

:::

-:::

:-:

136

173

...

Hæmoptysis,

Emphysema,

Congestion of Lung,

Total Respiratory System, 27 D.-The Digestive System. Hæmatemesis,

Quinsy,

...

•

...

2 1 23

...

Diarrhoea,

Colic,

Hepatitis,

Cirrhosis of Liver,

Ascites,

Peritonitis,

Jaundice,

Noma, ....

Hernia,

Enteritis,

Gum-boil,

Fistula in Ano,

Ulceration of Abdominal Walls,. Tubercle Abdominal,

Sores, ......

Melana,

Abscess of Liver, Liver Disease,..........

•

Malignant Disease of Bowel,

Tumour of Ab-

domen,

Cancer of Rectum,

Necrosis of Maxilla,

Sarcoma of Superior Maxilla,

of Liver,

Gastritis,

Total Digestive System,... 21

Carried forward,... 137

...

***

...

133 347

142

...

A: 8:0

...

•

: : : : : : : :

...

6 7

...

-་

...

127

...

974

633

1,226 377

131

...

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31sT DAY OF DECEMBER, 1895,—Continued.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

361

173

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT Age PERIODS.

DISTRICT.

KOWLOON SHAUKIWAN ABERDEEN STANLEY DISTRICT. DISTRICT. DISTRICT.

833

406 316

GRAND TOTAL.

891 497

461

3,121

1,206

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Under 1

Month.

Over 1 & under 12 Months.

Over 1 & under

5 Years.

Over 5 & under

15 Years.

Over 15 & un- der 45 Years.

Over 45

Years.

Age Un-

known.

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172

104

121

ล

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764 167 162

764

167

163

333

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818

•

333

1,221

•

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•

97:

976

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...

289

215

“ខ្លួន” “

518

532

1,139

273

CO I LO CHE

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brand

1 10

2145

•

74 24 25 161

388

267 162

179 145

110

14 838 494 365

248

1,620

1,164

4,739

362

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

BRITISH

AND FOREIGN COMMUNITY.

VICTORIA DISTRICT.

DIVISION.

CAUSES.

Sokonpo.

Bowrington.

Wantsai,

Civil.

Army.

Navy.

Brought forward,...137 30

Local Diseases,-Cont

E.--The Urinary System.

Nephritis,

...

Bright's Disease,

Vesical Calculus,

Tumour of Right Kidney,

Uræmia,

Diabetes,

...

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

...

35 131

Sheungwan.

Chungwan.

Táip'ingshan.

Saiyingpun.

Shektongtsui.

Kennedy-

town.

Harbour.

81 974

23 633 1,226 377 28

Hawan.

...

Tumour of Bladder, Cirrhosis of Kidney, Hæmaturia,

Total Urinary System,...

F-The Generative System. Ovarian Tumour,

Hæmorrhage from Uterus,... Inflammation of Uterus,..... Gangrene of Scrotum & Penis, Cancer of Uterus,

Malignant Disease of Uterus,

...

:60

Total Generative System,

G.-Affections connected

with Pregnancy,

Abortion,

Premature Labour,

•

...

***

...

cs:

***

...

***

...

760

895

678 257

105

:::

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8888

NAR

115

2:8

3:5

139 100

30 8

110

995

28 703 1,431 490

3388

40 178

Total Affections connected with Pregnancy,.........

H.-Affections connected with Parturition. Puerperal Eclampsia, Child Birth,

Unknown,-Died within a month after delivery,

Total Affections connected with Parturition,.........

I.-Diseases of Organs of Locomotion.

Caries of Spine,

Hip Joint Disease,

Disease of Joints,

Chronic Disease of Foot,. Gangrene of Foot, Abscess of Foot,.......

...

Total Disease of Organs

of Locomotion, J.-Disease of Skin.

Epithelioma, Cellulitis of Neck,

Total Disease of Skin,.......

***

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

...

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

...

Total Class II,.............. 85 12

III.-Undefined.

Dropsy,

Ulcer,

Undiagnosed,

Total Class III,... 10

GRAND TOTAL,....153

...

DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1895,—Continued.

CHINESE COMMUNITY.

363

TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.

KOWLOON

DISTRICT.

SHAUKIWAN ABERDEEN STANLEY

DISTRICT. DISTRICT.

DISTRICT.

GRAND

TOTAL.

no co

267

162 179

145

110

14 838 494

Land:

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Land

Population.

Boat

Population.

Under 1

Mouth.

Over 1 & under] 12 Months.

& Over 1 & under

365

248

1,620 1,164 10

5 Years.

Over 5 & under 15 Years.

Over 15 & un-

der 45 Years.}

Over 45

Age

Years.

Unknown.

14+

...

***

...

: +

...

•

...

•

...

4,739

...

10.

...

** :**

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187

74 66

་

769

255

211 118

851

732

2,942

Nii

N::

:::

...

114

39.

114 73

01 20:2

...

154

481

178 101

543

307 220 200 151

64 113

952 567 408 289 1,871 1,299 14

5,400

364

RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER OF DEATHS THAT OCCURRED IN THE UNDERMENTIONED INSTITUTIONS,

During the Year ended the 31st day of December, 1895.

THE TUNG WA HOSPITAL,

THE ITALIAN Convent,

L'ASILE DE LA STE. ENFANCE,

situate in Taipingshan Division of the City.situate in the Chung Wan Division of the City, situate in the Ha Wan Division of the City.

Causes.

No.

Causes.

No.

Causes.

No.

Small-Pox,

Fever, Simple Continued,..

107

Fever, Simple,.

Remittent,

187

Tetanus var. Trismus,

122

Tetanus var. Trismus,.

596

Intermittent,

Dysentery,

Atrophy (Marasmus),

167

Convulsions (Infantile),...

Beri-Beri,

Debility,

Convulsions (Infantile),

Diarrhoea,

Convulsions,

Typhoid Fever,

Diarrhoea,...

Atrophy (Marasmus),

Choleraic Diarrhoea,

Plague,

Phthisis,..

Phthisis,

Malarial Cachexia,.

Erysipelas,

Ulcer,

Croup,.

Septicemia,

Syphilis,

Dropsy,

Epilepsy,

Fracture of Skull,

وو

of Spine,

Old Age,.

Privation,

General Injuries,.

1 Typhus Fever,

Old Age,

Marasmus,

Scrofula,.

Rheumatic Fever,

Anæmia,

Apoplexy,

Sunstroke,

Tabes Mesenterica,

1 Sores,

Tetanus,

Trismus,

Epilepsy.

Apoplexy,

Paralysis,..

Inflammation of Uterus,

Meningitis,

Cerebral Hæmorrhage,

Unknown,

❤

Epilepsy,

Hemiplegia,

Paraplegia,

Epistaxis,

Heart Disease,

•

Bronchitis,

103

Phthisis,

143

Pneumonia,

Asthma,

Pleurisy,

Hæmoptysis,

Emphysema,

Diarrhoea,

Jaundice,

Ascites,

Peritonitis,

Gastritis,

Hepatitis,.

Liver Disease, .

Hæmatemesis,

...

Cirrhosis of Liver,

Quinsy,

Melæna,

Noma,

Congestion of Lung,

Abscess of Liver,

Nephritis,

Bright's Disease,

Uræmia,

Cirrhosis of Kidney,

Gangrene of Scrotum & Penis,

Malignant Disease of Uterus, .

Hæmaturia,

Cellulitis of Neck,

Epithelioma,

Abscess of Foot,

Caries of Spine,

Ulcer,

Hip Joint Disease,

Dropsy,

Undiagnosed,

Total,.......

1,203

Total,..

376

Total,............

907

365

}

Sanitary Surveyor's Report for 1895.

SANITARY BOARD ROOM,

HONGKONG, January 28th, 1896.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward herewith my annual report for the year 1895.

1. Tables are appended shewing the amount of work done since the Public Health Ordinance came into force with particulars of the work done during the past year.

2. Plans for the re-drainage of 2,815 houses were deposited and passed by me during the year as being in accordance with the provisions of the Public Health Ordinance.

the

3. The re-drainage of 1,889 houses has been completed and the plans of 44 houses cancelled during year, leaving 1,449 houses to carry forward to 1896.

4. In addition to the above, notices have been received for repairs or additions to the drainage arrangements of 158 houses; 115 have been completed and 43 are carried forward.

5. The work done during each Quarter is shewn in Table A. A large increase took place in the second and subsequent Quarters in consequence of notices served on owners of property after the inspection of their houses.

6. Of the houses carried forward as incomplete, 482 (or one-third) are new buildings still in course of erection and a good proportion of the others are nearly complete.

7. In consequence of certain incompetent persons undertaking drainage works a list was made out in September 1895 of persons approved by the Board under section 49, Ordinance 24 of 1887, to do this work. This step has already been effectual in securing better and more careful work; in order to maintain this improvement I am of opinion that the list should be revised not less frequently than once a year.

8. During the past year water closets were fixed and connected to the house drains by permis- sion of the Board in No. 9 Praya Central (two); No. 14 Arbuthnot Road (one to replace existing apparatus); The Sailors' Home (two); and urinals fitted in No. 9 Praya Central (two) and in No. 6 Praya Central (one).

9. Certificates have been granted under section 74, Ordinance 24 of 1887, for 131 houses as having been built in accordance with the provisions of that Ordinance.

10. The records have been maintained and are complete to date.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

J. ROWLAND CROOK,

Sanitary Surveyor.

H. MCCALLUM, Esq.,

Secretary Sanitary Board.

Table A.

Year.

No. of houses re-drained.

No. of houses plans of which have been cancelled.

No. of houses

Total.

for which plans have been

received.

No. of houses in hand.

1895.

1st Quarter,

1894

2nd

122

...

Plans carried forward from

3rd

4th

104

367

378

567

189

1895 Plans depo- sited during 4th

1st Quarter,

2nd

214

309 879

...

3rd

623

990

669

1,522

1,555

637 2,815

1,260

Totals,....

1,889

44 1,933

3,382

1,449

366

1889,

1890,

1891,

1892,

1893,

1894,

1895,

Table B.

No. of houses

No. of new

for which

No. of houses

plans of which

Year.

plans have been

re-drained.

have been

carried forward houses granted

received.

cancelled.

each year.

certificates.

799

573

226

175

500

529

190

409

681

643

198

475

693

577

106

208

228

847

699

104

252

219

878

555

567

2,815

1,889

1,449

131

Totals,...

7,213

5,465

299

1,683

J. ROWLAND CROOK, Sanitary Surveyor.

Colonial Veterinary Surgeon's Report for 1895.

SANITARY BOARD OFFICES, HONGKONG, 29th February, 1896.

SIR,-I have the honour to submit the Annual Report regarding the importation of live stock and the management of the slaughter-houses and markets during the year 1895.

IMPORTATION OF LIVE STOCK,

Inspection of Animals.-During the year under review no case of serious communicable disease was observed amongst the large number of animals imported.

DEPÔTS.

The new public sheep and swine depôts were opened early in the year and they are now in good steady working order. These depôts are managed by a part of the market staff, viz., an Inspector, who also has charge of the city slaughter-house and the cattle depôt, a shroff, two tallymen and six scavengers. A new shed for the enumerating and unbasketing of swine imported and also for enumerating and shearing of the sheep imported is now nearly completed and will be ready for use early in 1896. This shed will greatly facilitate the work of the tallymen, as all animals entering the depôts will pass in through this shed and those leaving the depôts will pass out by the principal entrance gate at the other end of the buildings.

During the nine months these depôts were in use 19,124, sheep, and 95,225 swine passed through them.

CATTLE DEPÔT.

The health of the animals housed in the cattle depôt remained good throughout the year. The total number admitted was 19,040 head, and of these only 197 head were rejected as being unfit for slaughtering for food, mainly because of their extreme emaciated condition. The buildings forming the depôt are in a good state of repair.

The new cattle depôt for the Kaulung district was completed towards the end of the year and was opened on the 1st of January, 1896.

SLAUGHTER-HOUSE.

Victoria.-The new slaughter-house for the city was opened on the 1st of January, and has proved satisfactory in every respect. The number of animals slaughtered therein amounted to 143,071, being a considerable increase over the number slaughtered in the city slaughter-house during 1894.

Kaulung. The building is in a good state of repair. The number of animals slaughtered therein also shows an increase on the numbers slaughtered in 1894.

Shaukiwan.-The temporary building is in a fair state of repair. The number of animals slaughtered therein is practically the same as the number for 1894. I understand that provision is being made for the construction of a proper slaughter-house for this district and that it will be erected as early as practicable.

367

The total number of animals slaughtered during the year shows a considerable increase on the figures for 1894. This is, as regards cattle and sheep, mainly due to the increased number of war vessels which were present in the Harbour during the year. The following table gives the figures for the past three years :-

1893

1894

1895

Cattle. 17,896

Sheep and Goats.

11,776

16,898

10,937

19,218

12,592

Cow SHEDS.

Swine.

131,298

125,725

129,035

It is satisfactory to be able to record that not a single case of serious communicable disease occurred amongst the cattle (chiefly milch cows) housed in the various private sheds in the Colony. The sanitary condition of these sheds are carefully attended to by the Sanitary Inspectors stationed in the various health districts.

MARKETS.

Central Market.-This fine new market was opened on the 1st of May, a few minor but necessary alterations have been made to the building since then, and everything is now in good working order. The staff for the market consists of an overseer, two night watchmen, and sixteen scavengers.

Western Market.-The buildings of this market are very old and do not by any means properly meet the requirements of the district. It is sincerely to be hoped that it will be found practicable to re-build it at an early date. The buildings, such as they are, are not in a good state of repair.

Saiyingpoon Market. The remarks made regarding the Western Market are applicable to this

market.

Wantsai, Sookunpoo, Shektongtsui, Yaumati, and Hunghom Markets.-The buildings are all in a good state of repair. The requirements of the district in which these markets are situated are adequately met.

Shaukiwan Market.-The building is in a fair state of repair, but it is not large enough to meet the requirements of the district. However, as I understand it has been decided to either re-build or extend this market I need not say anything further regarding it at present.

PROSECUTIONS.

During the year 67 prosecutions were instituted for breaches of the Markets Ordinance and the bye-laws made thereunder, and 67 convictions obtained. The total amount of the fines inflicted was ($398.00) dollars three hundred and ninety-eight.

STAFF.

The Colonial Veterinary Surgeon went away on leave of absence on the 17th of June, and I was appointed to act for him during his absence.

Mr. WATSON was appointed Acting Assistant Inspector of Markets on the 5th of June, and was at once put in charge of the city slaughter-house and animal depôts at Kennedy Town, as I had to take over the duties of the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon. Soon afterwards Mr. McEwEN was appointed to act for Mr. WATSON as Assistant Inspector of Markets. I am very glad to be able to say that both of these officers have performed their duties in a highly satisfactory manner. Mr. G. A. Souza, Interpreter, was appointed overseer at the Central Market in May, and Mr. J. A. SOUZA was appointed Interpreter in his stead. Both of these officers have performed their duties satisfactorily.

One of the watchmen at the slaughter-house met with a fatal accident, and one was dismissed for neglect of duty. The vacancies thus caused have been duly filled, and the men appointed have given satisfaction.

Scavengers.-Nothing of any importance has occurred amongst these inen, and as a rule they have performed their duties efficiently.

H. MCCALLUM, Esq.,

Secretary, Sanitary Board,

&c.,

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

WILLIAM FISHER, Officer acting for the Colonial Veterinary Surgeon.

&l.,

&c.

131

SIR,

HONGKONG.

No. 96

PAPERS RESPECTING THE RECONSTITUTION OF THE

SANITARY BOARD.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

HONGKONG GENERAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, HONGKONG, 19th October, 1894.

The Committee of this Chamber, in their capacity as representatives of the commercial interests of this Colony, deem it their duty as well as their privilege to address to your Excellency some observations on the recent terrible visitation of disease, which had such alarmingly fatal results, and which for some months so extensively disorganized the normal trade of the port.

The Committee gladly recognize the promptitude and the energy with which the Government, when the presence of the epidemic had once been fully de- monstrated, set to work to repress the outbreak, and gratefully acknowledge the devotion and self-sacrifice of the Military, Navy and Volunteers, who lent their valuable aid in this important work. It is with no little satisfaction the Committee express their belief that these gallant efforts have at length been crowned with complete success in stamping out the plague, which they sincerely hope may not appear again.

In view, however, of the lamentable loss of life, the utter derangement of the business of the port, involving enormous loss and inconvenience to those engaged therein, and the serious set-back to the prosperity of the Colony not yet recovered from the severe financial blows dealt it by the dislocation of exchange, and the long period of depression following the unsound speculative policy of a few years ago, it now becomes important to enquire how far this last and crowning disaster was due to preventible causes, and, if so, to whom should be apportioned the blame and the responsibility.

In embarking on such an enquiry the Committee are actuated by a desire to bring to your Excellency's notice and attention some facts and suggestions thereon that may serve to prevent the perpetuation of a faulty and prefunctory system, repetition of past errors or possible perseverance in a policy of "drift" and procrastination.

The fact that the sanitation of the City of Victoria was far from satisfactory was officially recognized some fifteen years ago. It is only just to say that, long prior to such recognition, attention had been earnestly called by the Colonial Surgeon, Dr. AYRES, to the ever-increasing saturation of the soil by sewage, owing to bad drainage, and he predicted the calamity which has now taken place, if the evil were not abated. It was not, however, until 1881 that the official recognition of the impending danger took any concrete form, when Mr. OSBERT CHADWICK Was commissioned to make a report on the sanitation of the Colony, and in the following year the conclusions of this expert were given to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in some exhaustive reports. Lord KIMBERLEY, when for- warding these reports early in 1883 to the Officer Administering the Government (Hon. W. H. MARSH), remarked in the fourth paragraph of his covering despatch :-

"What appears to me to be most urgent is that immediate steps "should be taken to organize and enforce a thorough house to house and "street to street service for the removal of night-soil, garbage, ashes, "house sweepings, and rubbish of every sort."

Soon after the receipt of Mr. CHADWICK's reports Mr. MARSH appointed a permanent Sanitary Board "to supervise and control the practical sanitation of the Colony." The Board consisted of the Surveyor General, the Registrar General, and the Colonial Surgeon, with a sanitary inspector and staff. Three months later a Bill entitled "The Order and Cleanliness Amendment Ordinance' passed by the Legislative Council. Section II. of this Ordinance empowered the Governor to constitute a permanent Sanitary Board, consisting of the official

was

}

132

members above named, and two other unofficial members to be appointed by the Governor. Section III. gave powers to such Sanitary Board to abate overcrowding or filth, while section IV. conferred on the Board authority to enter and inspect houses. In 1886 Mr. A. P. MACEWEN and Dr. P. MANSON were appointed by the Governor the first unofficial members of the Sanitary Board. The meetings of the Board as then constituted were held in private, and little was known of their work and progress, but it is certain they were usefully employed, and made recommend- ations concerning the Public Health Ordinance which was read a first time in the Legislative Council on the 6th May, 1887. This highly important and greatly needed enactment, which, after a long discussion, was duly passed, sent to the Secretary of State, and approved by Her Majesty, contains all the powers necessary to secure the proper sanitation of the Colony. By it the Sanitary Board is authorized to make bye-laws respecting-

་

(a) Proper construction, trapping, ventilating, and maintaining of private

house drains.

(b) Cleansing, lime washing, and proper sanitary maintenance of all

premises in the Colony.

their use as such.

(d) Prevention of overcrowding in premises, &c,

Nuisance.-

(a) Defective drains, want of light and ventilation, and accumulation of

house refuse, dirt, or any unwholesome matter.

(b) Any act, omission, or thing which is or may be dangerous to life or

injurious to health or property.

The Board may authorize any officer to enter and inspect premises on reasonable presumption of the existence of a nuisance, after lapse of six hours from giving notice to occupier.

If nuisance is not abated proviso is made for punishment by

Magistrate.

Drains.-The Board may require reconstruction of defective house drains and may inspect premises if they believe drains to be defective.

Overcrowding.-Less than 300 cubic feet of clear internal space for each adult shall be considered a nuisance, and proceedings for its abatement be taken.

In order the better to give effect to the Public Health Ordinance, the Governor (Sir G. WILLIAM DES VEUX) reconstituted the Sanitary Board, materially increasing the unofficial element, and giving the ratepayers the privilege of electing two gentlemen as their own immediate representatives. Unofficial members appointed and elected on the 11th June, 1888, were as follows:-

Messrs. WONG SHING,

JAMES CANTLIE,

N. J. EDE,

HO KAI,

J. J. FRANCIS,

Appointed.

J. D. HUMPHREYS,} Elected.

On the reconstruction of the Board it was provided that its meetings should be held in public, and the proceedings have accordingly been regularly reported in the Press.

From what is above stated it will be apparent that the newly formed Sanitary Board was armed with very ample powers, and that it entered upon its period of office with the full knowledge of the urgent importance of effectively scavenging the City. Although this was the case it would seem that this department of the Board's work was never performed in the thorough manner which was absolutely necessary, for the state of Taiping-shan at the outbreak of the plague, so far as the accumulation of garbage and filth is concerned, could not have marked an improve- ment on the condition described by Mr. CHADWICK in 1881.

The much needed bye-laws for regulating the sanitary condition of common lodging houses were not made by the Board until 1891, and when these were approved by the Legislative Council in May of that year, the date of their coming into operation was, at the instance of the Board, deferred to the following year. It is alleged that representations on behalf of the Chinese in opposition to the provisions of the Public Health Ordinance against overcrowding and the possible interference with trade which would be caused by more active interference on their part, mainly

133

influenced both the Board and the Government in this postponement of the opera- tion of the bye-laws in question. Nor, on the expiration of the stipulated period of suspension, was the Board found less averse to the assumption of the responsibility of delaying the enforcement of its own regulations against overcrowding, for at its request the date of the operation of these bye-laws was again deferred by the Legis- lative Council-with what result this policy has been attended your Excellency is, unhappily, only too well acquainted. The responsibility for this failure to carry out one of the most essential requirements of the Public Health Ordinance seems to be divided between the Sanitary Board and the Government.

The legislative steps would seem to have been wisely taken, but they were allowed to fall into abeyance by a lack of prompt administrative and subordinate

action.

It has generally been understood, and there is good reason for believing the statement, that the Sanitary Board has been well served by its inspectors, who have not failed to report upon the insanitary condition of the City, and therefore the Committee do not wish it to be supposed that they imply any censure of these inspectors. Indeed, it has been frequently stated-and the Committee pray your Excellency to investigate the statement-that the Sanitary Board had numerous reports and complaints in reference to sanitary matters. In the interests of the public this allegation should, in the opinion of the Chamber, be thoroughly sifted, and information be afforded to the public as to what action was taken by the Board in each case brought to its notice.

With regard to the drainage of the City, there is a wide-spread belief-but the Chamber has no means of verifying it-that the scheme, as drawn up by Mr. OSBERT CHADWICK, endorsed by Mr. J. M. PRICE, the late Surveyor General, and approved by the Government, has not been carried out on the original lines, and that the separate system has been more generally applied than was intended; upon this point it is desirable that the public should be thoroughly enlightened. In December 1890, the unofficial members of the Legislative Council, in a memoran- dum regarding the estimates for Public Works Extraordinary for 1891, sounded a note of warning on this subject to the following effect:-

"We do not feel satisfied that the enormous expenditure of "$282,500, already voted, on the sewerage of Victoria was a desirable one "to incur, but as the work has been commenced and has therefore to be gone on with, we do not disapprove of the decision of Government to "sanction and carry out Mr. OSBERT CHADWICK's proposals and plans, "but we are now of opinion that it would have been better when such "decision was approved of by the Council that it should have been arrived

at in such a manner as would have guarded against any possibility of "any changes in and departures from these plans by a change of officers." In the opinion of the Committee, before adopting the separate system of drainage for the Chinese town, the views of experienced resident engineers, familiar with the habits of the Chinese, ought to have been ascertained. It is a very debatable question whether the system can be satisfactorily availed of for the densely packed districts of the native town, and however excellent it may be in an European, it is, at least, open to serious doubt whether it is safely applicable to a Chinese city.

Having regard to the foregoing, the Committee of this Chamber are unhesi- tatingly of opinion that, whilst it is almost certain the plague was introduced from the neighbouring province, it was only in consequence of the insanitary condition of this City that it was able to germinate and to become an unparalleled disaster, and that, therefore, it was due to preventible causes. The neglect of all effective sanitary measures throughout a period of years, and in the face of continuous and repeated protest, makes it abundantly manifest that there has been no effective administrative sanitary system in this Colony.

The Committee's excuse for addressing your Excellency at such length is the vast importance of the subject.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your Excellency's most obedient Servant,

&c.

SIR WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

To His Excellency

&c.,

J. J. KESWICK, Chairman.

134

No. 2,094.

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 24th October, 1894.

SIR,-I am directed to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 19th instant, and in reply to inform you that the matter of the constitution of the Sanitary Board is under the consideration of the Government.

I have the honour to be,

The Honourable J. J. KESWICK,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Acting Colonial Secretary.

Chairman, CHAMBER OF COMMERCE,

&c.,

&c.

MY DEAR SIR,

HONGKONG, 12th November, 1894.

With reference to what passed at a recent meeting of Unofficial Members when the composition of the Sanitary Board was discussed and a difference of opinion arose as to the question of responsibility in the event of the Government appointing a Medical Authority and Sanitary Engineer, I am decidedly of opinion that such appointment would infallibly place with the Government the responsibility for the sanitation of the Colony.

I consider that the public interests would be efficiently served if the Govern- ment were to reconstitute the Sanitary Board on the above lines, that is to say, by the nomination of a Medical Authority as President, a permanent Sanitary Specialist and Engineer, and the Captain Šuperintendent of Police. With these officials should be associated as at present, two members selected by the community.

As matters now are there is practically no properly constituted Sanitary Authority, and from its very nature it is impossible that the Board, as now existing, can adequately fulfil those junctions expected of it, or that it can be held fully responsible for any inefficiency in the sanitation of the Colony.

The state of sanitary matters exposed last summer on the outbreak of the plague sufficiently bears out these views, which I believe I am right in asserting, are shared by the public at large.

Honourable C. P. CHATER,

Senior Unofficial Member,

Legislative Council.

Believe me to be,

Yours truly,

J. J. KESWICK.

(Minute by the Honourable A. McConachie.)

Mr. KESWICK in the above letter expresses very clearly my own personal views on this matter. I would like, however, to add that I consider that the Government in having the appointment of a special medical authority as President would accept all responsibility, through their own officer, for the health of the Colony. The main fault to be found with the present Board is the fact that the responsibility for their actions cannot be pinned down to the Government or any one in particular.

A. MCCONACHIE.

(Minute by the Honourable C. P. Chater.)

My ideas on this subject are identical with those expressed in Mr. KESWICK'S letter, for I consider that a Board, composed as he suggests, would throw upon the Government the responsibility for the health of the Colony.

C. P. CHATER.

}

135

DEAR SIR,

HONGKONG, 5th November, 1894.

Referring to the decision come to by the Unofficial Members upon the ques- tion of the re-organisation of the Sanitary Board submitted to their consideration by the Government, and the understanding arrived at between us that the min- ority--(Dr. Ho KAI and myself)--should furnish you with our reasons in writing for dissenting from our colleagues in their recommendation to His Excellency the Governor, I will now redeem the pledge.

The recommendation was, in brief, that the newly constituted Sanitary Board should consist of three Officials and two Unofficials, elected by the taxpayers, to be directly responsible to the Government.

To this I objected, urging that the Board should consist of three Officials only, directly responsible to the Government for the sanitation of the city, and that the introduction of the elective element would weaken the efficiency of the Board without securing any corresponding advantage.

We have already had experience in the working of the existing Board that the presence of Unofficial Members, out-voted by Officials, and powerless for executive purposes, has merely resulted in an overflow of debate` and waste of valuable time.

But I object to the proposal for Unofficial elected Members chiefly because, while they would in all cases be out-voted and powerless, their presence at the Board, and the sanction given by their votes when in accord with their colleagues, would in some degree lessen the responsibility of the Officials, who might even seek to shelter themselves behind the Unofficial vote when some grave blunder had perhaps been perpetrated.

I am,

Dear Sir,

Yours very truly,

Honourable C. P. CHATER,

&c.,

&c.

E. R. BELILIOS.

Memorandum on the Reconstruction of the Sanitary Board.

I am of opinion that the Sanitary Board hardly requires reconstitution or reconstruction. What it urgently requires are:-

(a) Enlarged power.

(b) Increased staff.

The Sanitary Board has done splendid work in the past, notwithstanding the unfavourable opinions of a few leading residents, and it would have done much better had its power been enlarged and staff increased.

The Board should have power over all public as well as private drains, and it should have under its control the water supply of the Colony. Its legal power should be enlarged in several respects, especially as regards the inspection of houses and house-drains, and the prompt closing of houses unfit for human habitation with or without compensation. It should have an adequate staff con- sisting at least of the following officers and persons :---

1. A Sanitary Superintendent and Secretary.

2. A Medical Officer.

3. A Sanitary Engineer.

4. A Chief Inspector of Nuisance or Deputy Superintendent.

5. Twelve Inspectors of Nuisance.

6. A sufficient number of Office Clerks, Overseers, Coolies, &c.

With such increased power and staff as suggested, the present Sanitary Board would become a much more useful and effective institution, and would be found equal to the discharge of the various important duties entrusted to it by the Government, and it would meet with public approval and support.

On the other hand, if the Government is determined to reconstruct the Board, I am of opinion that the next best thing to be done is to abolish the Sanitary

}

136

Board altogether, and create a new Government Department, and call it the Sanitary Department, where all the Officers, high and low, shall be appointed by the Government, entirely subject to Government control, and held directly respon- sible to the Government. Such a Department would have my qualified approval and, I believe, that of the public also. In troublous time the Government, through this Department, would have complete charge of, and control over, the sanitation of the Colony, and would have no excuse for neglect of duty.

But I am strongly against the reconstruction of the Sanitary Board on the line as proposed, viz., three Government Officials and two Unofficials; the former to consist of a Medical Officer who is to be President, a Sanitary Engineer, and the Superintendent of Police, or some other Government Officer who may be selected by the Government; the latter, I understand, will be appointed by the rate-payers as at present. The preponderance of the official element at once indicates the position of the two Unofficial Members, who can have nothing but a consultative voice in the Board. Will this give public satisfaction? I think not. Will it even give satisfaction to the two elected gentlemen themselves? I am certain that it will not. In common with others, I am a strong advocate of the principle" equal power, equal responsibility;" but deprecate half measures and divided responsibility.

In the proposed new Board neither the President nor any Member could be held to be entirely responsible to the Government, because his actions will have to be controlled and regulated by the decisions of his colleagues. But if the Pre- sident be invested with the power of commanding the official votes whenever it suits his purpose or views, then the presence of the Unofficials on the Board, nay, even of the other two Officials as well, would be quite unnecessary.

The present Board has a majority of Unofficial Members, two of whom are elected by public suffrage. If the presence of the Unofficial Members in the Board had not assisted in carrying out the duties of the Board in a satisfactory manner, why have any more Unofficials in the new Board, but if their advice and assistance had been of use, why seek to cut their number down so as to weaken their influence? If the present Sanitary Board is a failure, let those who think and say so point out the true cause clearly and unmistakably, and it will be time then to consider the remedy; but it seems absurd to alter the constitution of the Board on specula- tion, simply because the Board was considered by a few to have failed in the discharge of its duties on some particular exceptional occasions. The proposed new Board seems to me nothing more than the Sanitary Board with its Unofficial Members greatly reduced in number and with an enormously increased staff under it. Such will never command my support.

3rd November, 1894.

(Extract from the Retrenchment Committee's Report.)

SANITARY DEPARTMENT.

HO ΚΑΙ.

217. With respect to the Sanitary Department, the total cost of which is set down at $62,557 composed of:-

Personal Emoluments,

Other Charges,

...

$ 24,272 38,285

we beg to state that we are unable to recommend any decrease in the cost thereof, but would call the attention of the Government to this important department with a view to the early consideration of the question whether the whole sanitary system of the Colony should not be placed on a different basis and all the sanitary arrangements and powers placed in the hands of one thoroughly competent officer who should be personally responsible to Government for all matters connected with the health of the Colony and for the carrying out of all sanitary laws and regulations.

man,

218. If the officer selected for this important office be an engineer, he should have under him a duly qualified health officer, but if the head should be a medical then he should be assisted by a sanitary engineer to carry out the necessary work and, in either case, with a staff sufficient to see that the sanitary regulations and laws are duly observed and carried out. It might be made part of the duties of this officer to furnish periodical reports to the Government which might be published for general information.

597

No. 83

No. 163.

HONGKONG.

PAPERS RESPECTING THE RECONSTITUTION OF THE SANITARY BOARD.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

MY LORD Marquess,

(Governor to the Secretary of State.)

GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG, 18th May, 1895.

I have the honour to transmit herewith the Report of the Committee to enquire into the Medical Establishment of this Colony.

2. As the reorganization of the Medical Establishment is intimately connected with the question of the constitution of the Sanitary Board, I propose before dealing with the Committee's Report to place before your Lordship my views generally on the necessity of effecting a change in the arrangements at present in force for carrying out the sanitary work of this Colony.

3. Your Lordship is already aware from my previous despatches that this important question has been engaging my attention for some time. In my des- patch No. 201 of the 4th September last, forwarding the Report of the Retrench- ment Committee, I informed you that I concurred generally in the views of the Committee, which urged the consideration of the question whether the Sanitary Department "should not be placed on a different basis and all the sanitary arrange- ments and powers placed in the hands of one thoroughly competent officer who should be personally responsible to Government for all matters connected with the health of the Colony, and for the carrying out of all sanitary laws and regulations," and I stated that I was in favour of a fixed personal responsibility.

4. As your Lordship will remember the Retrenchment Committee was com- posed of the Acting Chief Justice, two Unofficial Members of Council-Mr. CHATER and Mr. KESWICK-and Mr. JACKSON. I have again consulted these gentlemen as well as Mr. McCONACHIE and Mr. BELILIOS, and they are all unanimously in favour of the Government being directly responsible for the sanitation of the Colony.

((

5. Mr. KESWICK states:-"As matters now are there is practically no pro- perly constituted sanitary authority, and from its very nature it is impossible that "the Board as now existing can adequately fulfil those functions expected of it, "and that it can be held fully responsible for any efficiency in the sanitation of the "Colony. The state of sanitary matters exposed last summer at the outbreak of "the plague sufficiently bears out these views which, I believe I am right in asserting, "are shared by the public at large."

6. Mr. MCCONACHIE, while concurring in the views expressed by Mr. KESWICK, states "The main fault to be found with the present Board is the fact that the "responsibility for their actions cannot be pinned down to the Government or any "one in particular."

The Right Honourable

THE MARQUESS OF RIPON,

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State

for the Colonies,

&.c.,

&c.,

&c.

598

7. I have also consulted the Members of the Executive Council, all of whom practically hold the same views as those expressed by the Unofficial Members.

8. The Colonial Secretary and Registrar General also reports that it is not possible to find any leading Chinese gentleman who is willing to fill the vacancy on the Board caused by the resignation of the Chinese Members who formerly belonged to it and that all those Chinese gentlemen whom he has approached on the subject, while expressing their unwillingness or incapability to serve, informed him that they would prefer the sanitation of the Colony to be under the direct control of the Government.

9. From the enclosed copy of a letter from the Chamber of Commerce, which includes in its membership the leading European merchants in this Colony, it will be seen that discontent exists with regard to the sanitation of the Colony, and I feel certain that this feeling of discontent will not be removed and that the sanitation of this Colony will never be put on a satisfactory footing until the sanitary arrangements are placed under the direct control of the Government as recommended by the Unofficial Members whom I have quoted above and by the Members of Executive Council in whose recommendations I concur.

10. I therefore submit for your Lordship's approval that the Sanitary Board as at present constituted be abolished and that the Head of the Medical Department of this Colony, who should be styled Principal Civil Medical Officer, be made responsible, not only for the work of that Department, but also for the sanitary work of the Colony other than that of an engineering nature, which should be placed under the Director of Public Works.

11. In order to enable the Principal Civil Medical Officer to discharge these duties effectively, I consider that he would require to have under him at least four assistants none of whom should be appointed exclusively for particular duties but who should be ready to discharge whatever duties the Principal Civil Medical Officer might call upon them to perform.

12. The present staff of the Sanitary Board should also be placed under the Principal Civil Medical Officer. The office of Secretary would have to be retained, but the work now performed by the Superintendent could be carried on by the Medical Assistant deputed to discharge the duties of Medical Officer of Health, who would be responsible to the Principal Civil Medical Officer for supervising the Nuisance Inspectors who at present work under the Sanitary Superintendent.

13. If your Lordship approves the arrangement which I have suggested, I am confident that the sanitation of the Colony, which is of supreme importance to its welfare, will rapidly be improved, and that the friction, which has arisen frequently between the Sanitary Board and the Government and between the Sanitary Board and the public, will be lessened if not altogether avoided.

←

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient, humble Servant,

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

* Printed in Sessional Paper No. 7 of 1896.

† The remainder of this despatch deals with the Constitution of the Medical Department.

(Secretary of State to the Governor.)

599

HONGKONG.

No. 229.

SIR,

DOWNING STREET,

18th September, 1895.

I have had under my careful consideration your despatch No. 163 of the 18th of May enclosing the report of the Committee appointed to enquire into the Medical Establishment of the Colony.

2. In your despatch you deal with the difficult question of the Sanitary Board to which attention had been called in the report of the Retrenchment Committee. You state that you have again consulted the gentlemen who constituted the Retrenchment Committee as well as Mr. McCoNACHIE and Mr. BELILIOS, and the Members of your Executive Council, and that there is practically an unanimous opinion that the Government should be held directly responsible for the sanitation of the Colony. Your own view is to the same effect, and you recommend that "the Sanitary Board as at present constituted be abolished and that the Head of "the Medical Department of this Colony, who should be styled Principal Civil "Medical Officer, be made responsible not only for the work of that department but "also for the sanitary work of the Colony other than that of an engineering nature "which should be placed under the Director of Public Works."

3. I am not prepared to controvert the opinion which has been thus given after long attention to the subject and consultation with representative residents in the Colony. Sanitation is so all important in Hongkong that it seems only right that it should be under the direct control of the Colonial Government and that responsibility in the matter should not be divided; but I consider it to be desirable that before the Sanitary Board is definitely abolished, there should be some resolu- tion or expression of opinion to that effect on the part of the Legislative Council, and I would ask you to invite them to favour me with a formal pronouncement of their views as soon as may be convenient.

4. In the meantime I have not tendered and do not propose to tender any advice to Her Majesty in respect of Ordinances No. 9 and No. 11 of 1895 enclosed in your despatches No. 131 of the 23rd of April and No. 177 of the 4th of June, inasmuch as they imply the continued existence of the Sanitary Board.

5. In the event of the Sanitary Board being abolished you propose that the Medical Department and Sanitary Department should be combined and that the Head of the Medical Department should be held responsible for the sanitation of the Colony. I am inclined to agree with you, though the view does not seem to be shared by the Committee which has lately reported upon the Medical Department, and whose report states (page iii) that the Health Officer for the Colony should in our opinion have no connection whatever with the medical staff proper." The paragraph, however, in which these words occur assumes the continuance of the Sanitary Board, and it may, I think, be concluded that in the absence of such a Board the Principal Medical Officer and his staff should be entrusted with and held responsible for the discharge of sanitary as well as purely medical duties as was suggested by Lord RIPON.

6. Under the new conditions you consider that the Head of the Medical Depart- ment should have at least four assistants, none of whom-as had already been suggested in my predecessor's despatch to which I have just referred-should be appointed exclusively for particular duties, and in your despatch No. 173 of the 30th of May last you express a strong opinion, which I accept, that none of the medical officers should be allowed any private practice beyond fees for consultation. The sanitary staff, you add, should be placed under the Principal Medical Officer, the office of Secretary to the Sanitary Board being retaine (necessarily with some

600

change of title) but the duties of Sanitary Superintendent being entrusted to one of the medical assistants deputed to act as Officer of Health. On this point I would suggest that the Principal Medical Officer should be formally recognised as the responsible Health Officer of the Colony, leaving him to apportion the sanitary and medical duties among his assistants as he thinks fit, and in this you will probably agree with me.

You consider that it will suffice if he is given four assistants, but I should doubt whether four will be able successfully to carry on all the medical and sanitary work of the Colony when the post of Sanitary Superintendent becomes vacant and the duties attached to that post devolve upon one or other of the members of the medical staff, even though the whole time of all these officers will be devoted to the Government service. It may be also necessary to re-arrange the salaries and possibly to offer better terms than have hitherto been offered, but the new scheme can be carefully worked out pending the occurrence of vacancies which will enable it to be carried into effect.

Governor

SIR W. ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

&c.,

Sc.,

jc.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient,

humble Servant,

J. CHAMBERLAIN.

(Governor to the Secretary of State.)

No. 337.

SIR,

GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG, 2nd December, 1895.

I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 229 of the 18th September last, on the subject of the Sanitary Board and Medical Staff of the Colony.

2. In the course of your remarks on the former important question, you refer to the unanimous opinion held by the Unofficial Members of the Legislative Council in favour of the direct responsibility of the Government for the sanitation of the Colony, and you naturally draw the inference that this unanimity extends to the practical side of the question.

3. From the enclosed written opinions of the several Unofficial Members (with the exception of Mr. WHITEHEAD) you will learn that this is, unfortunately, not the case, and that there is a considerable divergence of views on the practical point

at issue.

4. I consider it would be futile to formally approach the Legislative Council on the subject of the abolition of the Sanitary Board, and the only alternative that occurs to me is to adopt the opinion shared by the majority of the Unofficial Members, viz., Messrs. KESWICK, CHATER, MCCONACHIE and BELL-IRVING.

* The remainder of this despatch deals with the Constitution of the Medical Department. † Printed in Sessional Paper No. 7 of 1896.

}

601

5. I accordingly submit for your consideration the enclosed Draft Bill* for the reconstitution of the Sanitary Board on the lines suggested by those gentlemen, from which you will observe that it is proposed that the new Board shall consist of three officials, viz., the Colonial Surgeon, the Director of Public Works, and the Captain Superintendent of Police, and two unofficial members to be elected by the ratepayers.

6. In view of my previously expressed opinion on this subject I cannot pretend to regard the proposed new Board as entirely satisfactory. It will certainly prove better adapted to fulfil its objects more speedily and effectively than the Board as at present constituted, but on the other hand it must necessarily involve, even though it be only in a minor degree, division of responsibility. I am unwilling, however, to press my views in undue opposition to public opinion as represented by the Unofficial Members of Council, and I am unable to devise a more satisfactory compromise than that contained in the Draft Bill.

7. As it is very important that this question should be settled as soon as possible, I shall be glad if you will convey your decision to me by telegraph at the earliest possible date.

I have the honour to be;

Sir,

Your most obedient, humble Servant,

The Right Honourable

JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, M.P.

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State

for the Colonies,

&c.,

&c.

W. ROBINSON,

Governor.

HONGKONG.

No. 37.

SIR,

(Secretary of State to the Governor.)

DOWNING STREET,

21st February, 1896.

I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 337 of the 2nd of December enclosing a draft Ordinance for the reconstitution of the Sanitary Board.

Under the circumstances set forth in your despatch I approve of the intro- duction of this Ordinance and telegraphed to you accordingly on the 13th instant.

I have the honour to be,

Sir

Your most obedient, humble Servant,

Governor

SIR W. ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

&C.,

&c.,

&c.

J. CHAMBERLAIN.

* Already printed and circulated to Members of the Legislative Council.

602

No. 150.

SIR,

(Governor to the Secretary of State.j

GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG, 30th June, 1896.

I regret that I have once more to refer to you the question of the constitution of the Sanitary Board.

2. From my previous despatches on this subject noted in the margin* you will have gathered that I am strongly in favour of undivided responsibility in sanitary matters. With this object in view I recommended, in the first instance, that the Sanitary Board as at present constituted should be abolished and that the control of sanitary matters. should be placed entirely under the control of Government. Afterwards, however, I informed you in my despatch No. 337 of 2nd December, 1895, that I was willing, in deference to the views of the majority of the Unofficial Members of the Legislative Council, to accept a compromise, according to which the Board would be constituted of 3 official and 2 unofficial members, though I was not satisfied that undivided responsibility would be secured under such an arrangement. The adoption of the proposed compromise having been sanctioned by you, an Ordinance embodying it was introduced into the Legislative Council. Before, however, it was read a first time it became evident that it would not prove acceptable to a portion of the British residents of this Colony. In order to ascer- tain what might be the views of the British community, I suggested that a plebiscite should be taken. Arrangements were accordingly inade, and a plebis- cite of the British community, exclusive of members of the Imperial and Civil Services, was held, the question submitted to the voters being whether the Sanitary Board should consist of a majority of officials or of unofficials. The result of the plebiscite was that 331 voted for an unofficial majority and 31 for an official majority. Among the former only three or four Chinese voted and among the latter none.

3. From this plebiscitum it appears that 331 British residents are in favour of a Board which should be controlled by unofficial members.

4. In view of my previously expressed opinion on the importance of undivided responsibility in sanitary matters, it is hardly necessary for me to state that I am not in favour of a Board, the responsibility of which will be divided and which will exercise its functions independently of Government control. Judging from the working of the present Board, which consists of an official and unofficial element, the latter of which preponderated, I consider that a mixed constitution, such as is now provided for, does not work well in practice and leads to constant friction. In fact, this seems to be not infrequently the result of attempts to graft on a Crown Colony constitution popular institutions, which do not appear suited to work smoothly or successfully under such conditions.

5. After carefully considering the question of the constitution of the Sanitary Board, I am of opinion that in order to secure undivided responsibility the sanitary affairs of the Colony should either be placed directly under Government control or should be entrusted to a Board composed entirely of unofficials.

6. In view of the peculiar circumstances of Hongkong and of the fact that the population is chiefly made up of Chinese, who will be more easily and more effectively dealt with by Government than by a popularly constituted Board, I am in favour of sanitary affairs being placed directly under Government control and managed entirely by a Government department responsible to the Governor.

7. The alternative-a Board composed entirely of unofficials-would not, I fear, work well in this Colony, which, as Lord RIPON has pointed out, has become

* No. 163 of the 18th May, 1895.

No. 387 of the 2nd December, 1895.

603

a Chinese colony under the British flag. Out of a population of 250,000, the Chinese amount to about 243,000, and it is with sanitation among the Chinese that a Board, whatever its constitution may be, must be chiefly concerned. Further, it would be extremely difficult to draw the line between matters which should come under the Government and the Sanitary Board, and this would most certainly lead to friction and misunderstanding. At the same time, it is easy to understand the desire of those who, having been accustomed to popular institutions in Great Britain, wish to extend similar institutions to this Colony. But so long as longkong continues to retain its present character both as regards its constitu- tion and its population, I do not think popular institutions would thrive under such unusual and peculiar conditions.

8. After mature consideration of this difficult question, I am in favour of the Sanitary Board being placed directly under Government control in the manner proposed in my despatch No. 163 of the 18th May, 1895, but I have thought it right to place you in possession of the views held by others as well as my own, so that you may be in a position to consider both sides of the question before con- veying to me your final decision in the matter.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient, humble Servant,

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

The Right Honourable

JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, M.P.,

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies,

So..

&c.,

fc.

TELEGRAM.

Governor.

(Governor to the Secretary of State.)

HONGKONG, 27th October, 1896.

Referring to my despatch No. 150 of 30th June, when may reply be expected?

SECRETARY OF STATE FOR COLONIES.

GOVERNOR,

Hongkong.

HONGKONG.

No. 234.

SIR,

GOVERNOR.

TELEGRAM.

(Secretary of State to the Governor.)

LONDON, 6th November, 1896.

Referring to your telegram of 27th October, despatch following by Mail.

SECRETARY OF STATE FOR COLONIES.

(Secretary of State to the Governor.)

DOWNING STREET,

6th November, 1896.

I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 150 of the 30th of June last and of your telegram of the 27th ultimo on the subject of the Sanitary Board.

604

2. I understand the Board, as at present constituted, to be working well, and I consider that the question of its future constitution may well stand over to be dealt with, if necessary, hereafter by your successor, who will be in a position to approach it de novo with the advantage of the information which has already been gained on the subject.

3. I have come to this conclusion in part because I think that, on reflection, you must concur with me that in taking a plebiscite of the British community exclusive of the members of the Government services the situation has been much complicated. I have every reason to assume that the British merchants and residents in Hongkong have the same good sense and public spirit as their country- men elsewhere, but it is impossible that Hongkong should be other than a Crown Colony; it is inconsistent with Crown Colony government to seek the guidance of a plebiscite; and in no community whatever, whether Crown Colony or not, can a satisfactory solution of a question, in which the whole body of the ratepayers and many outside that body are interested, be induced from an expression of the opinions of one section alone.

4. In the present instance, the plebiscite having been held, you have found yourself constrained to advise a course opposed to that for which the very large majority of the votes were cast.

5. Under existing circumstances, then, I have decided to defer giving any final decision. In the course of a year or so it will be more evident what, if

any, is the real want, and how it may best be met.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient,

Governor

SIR W. ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

&c.,

&c.

humble Servant,

J. CHAMBERLAIN.

HONGKONG.

REPORT ON THE PROGRESS OF THE TAIPINGSHAN IMPROVEMENT WORKS.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

No.

583

96.

No. 456.

PUBLIC WORKS OFFICE, HONGKONG, 11th August, 1896.

the

SIR,-In accordance with the instructions of His Excellency the Governor contained in C.S.O. 1373 dated the 12th June last, I have the honour to forward the following report upon of the Taipingshan Improvement Works.

1896

progress

2. As a good deal of misunderstanding appears to exist as to the improvement of the area resum- ed, I propose briefly to record the proceedings that have been adopted with respect to the resumption and subsequent improvement of this area.

RESUMPTION.

3. Under the provisions of Ordinance 8 of 1894, the area now known as the "Resumed area of Taipingshan," the area of private property being 6.25 acres in extent, was resumed on the 26th day of September, 1894. Under the provision of section 7, no houses on the lands resumed could be altered, pulled down or destroyed pending the publication of the list referred to in section 6, sub-sec- tion 3.

4. On the 10th of November, 1894, shortly after my return from leave, ascertaining that the Government had taken no steps whatever for the valuation, on behalf of the ratepayers of the Colony, of the claims that would be made in respect of the properties resumed, I addressed a letter No. 886, C.S.O. 2882, to the Government on the subject, and the work was entrusted to the Colonial Treasurer, the Deputy Land Officer and myself.

5. The preparation of the necessary plans and the collection of the information required naturally occupied a considerable time, and the Board which was appointed under the provisions of section 5 of Ordinance 8 of 1894 on the 10th November, 1894, did not hear any claims till the 27th December, 1894, and did not publish the list required under section 6 till 9th March, 1895, Government Gazette page 165, and the enquiry was not completed and the awards published till the 18th May, Government Gazette, page 519.

.6. During the greater portion of this period, viz, from December to March, my own time and that of other officers of the Department was to a large extent occupied in attending to the ordinary routine work of the Department and the valuation of the several properties (118 lots and 417 houses) included in this area, and subsequent attendance at the arbitration. A special report upon this subject dated the 6th March, 1895, will be found in Sessional Paper 11 of 1895.

IMPROVEMENT PROJECT.

7. On the 25th March, 1895, I submitted a report, Sessional Paper 14 of 1895, and project for the Improvement of the Resumed Area. These were referred to the Public Works Committee on the 11th April, 1895, and again on the 23rd May, 1895, the members requiring further time to consider the project. In the interval, I attended a private meeting of the Unofficial Members at the invitation of the Honourable C. P. CHATER and further explained the report and project.

8. On the 6th of June, 1895, the project was adopted by Council, and the approval of the Secre- tary of State was communicated by telegraph on the 11th June and confirmed by C.O.D. 185, received on the 7th September.

9. The first step to be taken was the clearing out of the woodwork and demolition of some of the buildings, in order to admit of the permanent works being commenced.

10. Operations were commenced in June, and the removal of buildings in Taipingshan, Market, Upper Station, Square and Bridges Streets, and Tank Lane, was effected during the months of August, September and October.

11. An attempt was made to obtain satisfactory offers for the building material in July, 1895, C.S.O. 178, but was unsuccessful. It was subsequently decided to sell the material by public auction, the first sale took place on the 25th July, 1895.

1896.

12. Subsequently, various sales at public auction took place till the 3rd March last, when I received instructions to cancel the sale advertised to take place on the 6th of that month, C.S.O. 447

13. On the 8th of April, I addressed the Government pointing out that the delay in getting the area rid of dangerous buildings was seriously interfering with the progress of the permanent works and I received authority to pull down certain buildings, burn the woodwork and stack the bricks

584

and stone, His Excellency the Governor stating that he supposed the bricks could be used by the Public Works Department, C.S.O.. Since this date the material has as far as possible been used in the building of retaining walls, &c., and arrangements are being made in Government contract for the continuance of this course.

14. On the 12th of March, at a meeting of the Sanitary Board, the following resolution v passed:-

“Resumed Area.-A letter-which had been circulated to Members-having reference to

removal of building materials from the area in Taipingshan recently resumed b Government, was laid on the table and the minutes on the circulating cover read."

"A discussion ensued."

"The President moved-

"1. That the Board is in possession of no evidence to warrant a belief that the material remaining in the resumed area of Taipingshan is infected with the Bubonic Plague bacillus. On the contrary in the opinion of the Board the statistics in its posses- sion prove conclusively that the steps taken to eradicate the bacillus from infected premises in 1894 have been attended with most satisfactory results."

"2. The Board, however, in view of the popular feeling on the subjeet, recommend that if further material is sold steps should be taken to burn as far as practicable all wood still remaining in the buildings."

"The Vice-President seconded."

'Question-put and agreed to.'

"The Honourable the Acting Captain Superintendant of Police and Mr. EDE did not vote."

COMMENCEMENT OF PERMANENT WORks.

3 5

15. On the 20th September, 1895, a contract No. 8. C.S.O. 2, was entered into with Mr. KANG ON for the construction of a storm-water drain from Hollywood Road to Caine Lane.

16. The existing storm-water drain running diagonally across nearly the whole of the resumed area prevented, owing to its level, other portions of the improvement works to any great extent being proceeded with, as the disturbance of this drain pending adequate provision for the discharge of the storm-water from the hillside above the area, which was conducted by it through this portion of the city, would, during the heavy rainfalls so frequently experienced here, have probably involved much damage to and loss of property.

3.8

17. On the 9th of October, a contract No. 1, C.S.O. 778, was entered into with Mr. CHAN A TONG for the construction of the lower portion of Pound Lane and Taipingshan Street. This work involved the erection of heavy retaining walls along the frontages of the above streets.

18. The completion of these contracts has been delayed owing to some extent to the rainfall experienced in the month of February and the stopping of the further demolition of buildings and removal of the material, C.S.O. 8. They are, however, now making satisfactory progress and will shortly be completed.

894

19. A contract No. 8 has been entered into, C.S.O. 1578 and confidential C.S.O. 1, for

I 96

1896 the construction of the permanent works involved in laying out of about one half the area, viz, Blocks A., D. and E, the time for the completion of this work under the contract expires in May

next.

Τ 18

20. A further contract No. has been advertised for the construction of the permanent works involved in laying out the area bounded by Market Street, Po Yan Street, Station Street and Pound Lane, viz., Blocks F. and K., C.S.O. 1798, and the time for the completion of this work will expire about December next.

21. The necessary plans, specification and details for the laying out of the remaining portion of the area are in hand, but owing to the number of buildings and the quantity of material that still exist on the site, some progress will have to be made with the works included in the foregoing con- tracts before further work can be commenced.

22. The sum of $3,170 has been realised for the sale of certain building material.

23. Inland Lots 361 and 1356 have been restored to the original owners in lieu of the payment of compensation, C.S.O.'s 7 and 1299; and Inland Lot No. 1356 has been sold for the sum of $1,585.50, annual Crown rent $32, C.S.O. 1938 and C.O.D. 25.

755 1895

211 1895

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

FRANCIS A. COOPER.

Director of Public Works.

595

No. 96.

HONGKONG.

STATEMENT WITH REFERENCE TO TAIPINGSHAN IMPROVEMENT WORKS.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

TAIPINGSHAN IMPROVEMENT WORKS.

QUESTION.-Will the Government lay upon the table an estimate as to the probable total cost of doing what is necessary to be done to the resumed area of Taipingshan before the lots can be put up to auction, and state the further probable time required to overtake the work?

ANSWER.-

EXPENDITURE

BUILDING SITES.

DESCRIPTION.

Con- tract

Estimated.

No.

To 30th November,

REMARKS.

1896.

Further.

Total.

Area.

Date of completion for Sale.

Sq. ft.

Storm-water Drain,

Taipingshan Street,

cales

8,167.73

2,999.27

11,167.00

مين

4,331.95

Nil

4,331.95

Blocks A., D. & E.,

18 96

Do. F. & K.,....

Do.

B. & G.,

دمان

Nil

Do. C., H. & I.,

Preparing Building Sites

and Contingencies,......

4,340.80 | 13,659.20 18,000.00 78,298 July, 1897

783.99 2,006.01 2,790.00 15,417 Feb., 1897

35,000.00 35,000.00 54,091 Dec., 1897

Nil 11,878.00 11,878.00 31,725 Apr., 1898

480 square feet sold, not

included. 453 square feet sold, not

included.

2,000.00 14,833.05 16,833.05

C.S.O. 1570.

་ །

TOTAL,...

19,624.47 80,375.53 100,000.00 179,531

FRANCIS A. COOPER,

Director of Public Works.

12th December, 1896.

REPORT

THE TUNG WA HOSPITAL

The Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD.

HONGKONG, 17th October, 1896.

I regret that I am unable to concur in its entirety in the Report of the majority of the Commission appointed by His Excellency the Governor on 5th February, 1896, to enquire into the working and organization of the Tung Wa Hospital, with special refer- Appendix ence to the following details :-

"1. Whether the Hospital is fulfilling the object and purpose of its Incorpora-

"tion.

"2. If yes, whether the Commission can suggest or recommend any matter "or thing by which the present organization and administration of the

Hospital can be improved or carried on more effectively, and

"3. If no, whether the object and purpose of the Hospital can be fulfilled by "any other organization, with any suggestions or recommendations the "Commission may make on the subject."

2. I therefore submit in this separate report my opinions on the various points raised, and my reasons which are based entirely on the evidence taken by the Commission, on official reports, correspondence, etc. For the purpose of obviating the necessity of referring to the detailed reports, letters, etc., I include herein extracts, arranged under their several heads, to which I desire to direct particular attention.

I. The reasons that led up to the founding of the Tung Wa Iospital.

p. 3.

3. Sir RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL wrote several minutes concerning the "I Ts'z" Appendix or Chinese hospital, and his minute dated 23rd April, 1869, reads:---

"There is unquestionably something very revolting in finding suddenly that "such heartless cruelty and filth could be found in any building in this

City."

((

'Nevertheless, the laws seem not so bad, and the Registrar General himself is "to blame for the existence of such disreputable places as the Chinese "hospital which he describes. Under Ordinance 8 of 1858 it seems to me "that he is specially expected and authorised (section 4) to look after the "interests of the Chinese, and that with him rests the responsibility of "visiting houses and tenements of every description where Chinese coolies "and others--emigrants are particularly mentioned-are harboured (not in the actual employment of the householder); and that (section 19) he "is bound to see after the licensing of such houses, to inspect them, and "enforce therein the observance of good order, decency and morality, and "the prevention and punishment of nuisances and other abuses amongst "the inmates of such houses.”

p. S-9.

His Excellency

Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON, K.C.M.G.,

&c.,

&c.

Appendix

p. 1-11.

Appendix P. B.

Appendix

P. 5.

Appendix

P. 15.

Appendix i 17.

[ xviii]

"Now I should like to have a copy of the Registrar General's Rules on such "subjects, and if in forty-eight hours, such a place as the Chinese hospital "and in such a condition exists in this town, I shall consider that the "Registrar General does not carry out his duty.

"He had better take this paper and wait on the Attorney General to consult "him as to the best means of promptly terminating the evils reported, and punishing such parties as can be legally punished for the heartless and inhuman conduct detailed in Mr. LISTER'S report.'

If further legislation be required--which does not seem to be the case-I am

"prepared to undertake it.'

4. Minute dated 26th April, 1869, reads:-

. Let me have the Regulations under which the Emigration Depôts have been placed-for the whole subject must be reported to the Secretary "of State-as I am quite resolved not to allow the Executive, so far as I "can help it, to be compromised by any irregularities in connection with

emigration from this Colony."

"I do not believe that anything worse than the scenes, reported as having "occurred in the so-called Chinese Hospital in the midst of this town, ever "happened at Macao. It is here that there may be a distinction so far that "with this Government to know the existence of such horrors is to ensure "their immediate abolition."

5. Minute dated 28th April, 1869, reads:-

..Is it certain that similar undiscovered dens are not at this "moment a disgrace to the Colony? Having found the Registrar General "and the Harbour Master professing ignorance of their responsibility, I now request explanation of the Colonial Surgeon, who, no doubt, will "claim similar immunity; whereas I incline to think that the Secretary "of State will consider that all three are responsible for the existence of "such a place, and that each of the three had a perfect right to interfere."

6. And Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL'S Memorandum, No. 470, dated 5th May, 1869, reads, paragraph 1:-

.Referring to the various documents and memoranda in this office "relative to the gross abuses and disgusting scenes in the 'I-Ts'z,' or "Chinese Hospital, I think the opportunity favourable for establishing a really good hospital for sick and moribund Chinese, conditionally that "its regulations and general superintendence be subject to Government "control;"

and paragraph 3 concludes :--

"It ought also to comprise a residence for a native doctor and a dispensary for "native and European medicines, and should be visited by a European "medical man almost daily."

7. The Petition of certain Chinese dated the 23rd May, 1866. refers to "the erection of a home and hospital for the destitute poor and sick Chinese in the Colony. Their intention is to provide quarters and medical attendance for the sick, &c.," and Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL'S minute of 29th June, 1866, in connection therewith reads:-

“On the understanding that the intended hospital will be used for relief and cure "of sick and destitute Chinese I am unwilling to withhold my sanction from "a project which is creditable in its object."

[ xvix ]

p. 20-23.

9. Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL'S despatch to Lord GRANVILLE, No. 726, dated 21st Appendix June, 1869, alludes to the humanity and expediency of assisting to establish a well conducted Hospital for Chinese; paragraph 18 reads :---

On the other hand, whilst allowing a Chinese Committee to exercise a general control over the management of the proposed hospital, "it is agreed that the Governor shall have power to close it, and that all "the lands and buildings shall be forfeited to the Crown in the event "of the Colonial Surgeon, Registrar General, and one other officer deputed 'by the Governor, reporting the place to be ill conducted, and that it would

be expedient to resume the land. These arrangements are to be made by Ordinance."

Paragraph 19 concludes:---

"I have only sought to convey to your Lordship a clear understanding of the policy and necessity which call for the construction of some such build- "ing to meet certain Chinese special wants and prejudices, which are not "provided for by the existing Civil Hospital."

And paragraph 20 also concludes:-

"I believe there is no effective remedy for such an evil except inducing the "Chinese, as I am doing, to build a suitable hospital and refuge, open to "European surveillance but under Chinese management and direction, so "that there may be no such reluctance to go there in the minds of the "natives as that which generally prevents their voluntarily going to the "Civil Hospital."

II.~The objects for which the Tung Wa Hospital was founded.

p. 40.

10. The Secretary of State's Despatch, 158, of 7th October, 1869, sanctions the estab- Appendix lishment of "a new hospital for sick and moribund Chinese conditionally that its regula- tions and general superintendence be subject to the Government control, &c.'

p. 41-47.

11. Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL'S Despatch 947, of 19th February, 1872, to the Earl Appendix of KIMBERLEY, reports the opening of the Chinese Hospital; paragraph 2 concludes :— "I availed myself of the opportunity to place before the Chinese the obliga- "tions, which they might be regarded as having undertaken, and reminded "them of the position, which they would occupy in future, enjoying great "freedom in all matters of local details and management, but subject to the "general superintendence and visits of certain Government Officers." Paragraph 8 reads :-

"I need only add that a vigilant supervision is intended to be maintained over "the accounts and expenditure by Auditors appointed by Government, and "who at present are the Registrar General for the time being and the "Superintendent of the Central School."

Paragraph 9 reads:-

"The Ordinance under which the Committee is incorporated seems to me "to contain every useful and requisite power for facilitating the action of "the Committee of Management, whilst equally useful powers for con- "trolling and preventing abuses are reserved to the Executive."

And paragraph 11 reads:-

"On the whole I can conscientiously say that I look forward with cheerfulness "and hope to the future of the Hospital, and feel thankful that I have been permitted to take so leading a part in extracting finally so much good from "the original abuses, which disgraced the 'I-Ts'z' Hospital and led to the present important undertaking which your Lordship and Her Majesty's Government have done so much to countenance and promote."

Appendix

P. 15.

Appendix 9.47-0.

[xx]

12. At the formal opening of the Tung Wa Hospital, Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL, is reported to have said :-

"He had been most particular in not interfering with the Chinese arrangement "of details, but great power of supervision was reserved to the Govern- "ment. The Hospital was to be inspected by the Registrar General, the "Colonial Surgeon, and any one whom the Gevernment might appoint. "Also lest the affairs of the institution should be mismanaged or the funds "misappropriated, auditors could be appointed, and auditors had been "appointed by the Government. Moreover, if it should happen that the "Committee declined and neglected the duties which it had solemnly taken "upon it, the Government could pass an Act vesting in the Crown the "whole of the lands granted. He only mentioned these things because it was well to keep all possibilities in view, and not because it was at all "likely that those who had shewn so much energy in promoting the work "would fail to carry it on."

III.-The Organisation of the Tung Wa Hospita?.

13. The preamble to Ordinance No. 3 of 1870 incorporating the Hospital reads :--- "Whereas it has been proposed by the said Governor His Excellency Sir "RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL to found a Chinese Hospital for the care "and treatment of the indigent sick, etc."

Section 3 reads:-

The Corporation is erected for the purpose of establishing and maintaining "a public free hospital for the treatment of indigent sick among the "Chinese population, to be supported by voluntary contributions and

governed by a Board of Direction, etc."

The election of the Board, and the Board's powers are clearly defined in the said Ordinance, and section 14 reads:-

"The Hospital and all buildings and premises of the Corporation shall be open "at all reasonable times to the inspection of the Registrar General, the "Colonial Surgeon, and of any other person whom the Governor may ap- "point in that behalf."

Section 16 reads:-

"In case it shall at any time be shown to the satisfaction of the Governor in "Council that the Corporation have ceased or neglected or failed to carry "out in a proper manner the object and purposes of this Ordinance or "to fulfil the conditions thereof............it shall be lawful for the "Governor, with the advice of the Legislative Council of the Colony, by Fan Ordinance to be passed for that purpose, to repeal this Ordinance. "and to declare that the Incorporation hereby granted shall cease and "determine and become absolutely void, &c..........

And section 17 reads:--

"In case the Incorporation hereby granted shall cease under the provisions "of the last preceding section, all the property and assets of the Corporation shall become vested in the Crown, subject to the rateable

payment thereout of the just debts and liabilities of the Corporation, to the extent of such property and assets, and in such manner as shall "be provided by the repealing Ordinance or by any order to be made in "that behalf by the Governor in Council."

[xxi ]

Question 1.-Whether the Hospital is fulfilling the object of its Incorporation.

14. During the twenty-four years it has been in existence the Tung Wa Hospital has rendered very excellent service as a Poor House and Refuge for sick and destitute Chinese, and it has completely superseded the old "I-Ts'z." It has given the sick a better chance of recovery than they could have had in their own houses. It has enabled thousands to die in comparative case and comfort. It has contributed to the general health of the Colony by withdrawing Chinese affected by contagious or infectious diseases from their own houses in crowded tenements in narrow streets. It has promoted vaccination. The Tung Wa Hospital has done all this, and it has in addition performed a considerable amount of charitable, benevolent and other meritorious work without expense to the Government of the Colony; but it has not been "the really good, well

conducted Hospital to be used for the relief and the cure of sick and destitute Chinese" Appendix that Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL desired and meant to establish and that the then Secretary of State, Lord GRANVILLE, approved of and sanctioned. As the Colonial Surgeon points out-" The Tung Wa Hospital is not, in any proper sense according to Evidence

European ideas, a Hospital," that is, a place for the medical treatment of the sick with a view to their recovery and cure as the result of that treatment.

15 and 22.

p. 41.

P. 42.

P. 40

15. It has, in my opinion, failed to become what Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL intended it to be, and what the British Government supposed it would become, not because of any mismanagement by the Chinese Directors, or of any failure on their part to carry out the provisions of the Ordinance incorporating it--the Chinese have according to their lights managed the institution as a Poor House, Refuge and Dying House with all reasonable diligence, zeal, and care-but because of the failure of successive Re- gistrars General and Colonial Surgeons to exercise that "continuous inspection, Appendix "frequent supervision, and that regular and systematic control" over the management of the Hospital that Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL contemplated, and the Secretary of State Appendix required as the condition on which his sanction to and approval of the incorporation of the Tung Wa were given. The official documents and the evidence indicate that, from a very early period, that control and that supervision ceased to be exercised effectively; that the Chinese have been left to their own devices ;--that the visits of the Colonial Surgeon, made as a rule once a month only instead of daily, became as early as in 1873 merely formal and perfunctory; and that from shortly after its foundation in 1872 the state of the Hospital could not be considered satisfactory. In 1894 public attention was forcibly directed to its condition, and the reports and evidence leave no doubt that Evidence it had then become overcrowded, filthy, insanitary, and dangerous not only to the health of the inmates but to the public of Hongkong.

16. Dr. AYRES, the Colonial Surgeon, in his evidence on 18th June, 1896, states :

(6 Wa

p. 40 to 48,

p. 60-65.

There is no surgical treatment of any kind in the Tung Evidence a as recognised by European methods...... ....There are no 'qualifications recognised in China to practise medicine, and these so- "called 'Doctors' have none according to our European ideas...... "The treatment by the so-called 'Doctors' practising at the Tung Wa is "tantamount to no treatment at all in the majority of cases. My memory "of it (the surgical ward) is, that it was the worst ward in the whole hospital, unless it has been very much improved since I left in 1894. "We always considered it 'a chamber of horrors.' That is in regard to "the treatment of disease.

....You can see in the Macao Hos-

pital that they are much better off there than we are here in the Tung "Wa, and they are much more careful of the clothing, &c......

"It would be a very good thing to have a Chinese adequately trained in "Western medical science in the Tung Wa, but he cannot be trusted "without a European Surgeon to verify the cases afterwards...

"He would certainly require constant supervision on the part of the

Appenda S. RO-81.

Appendix

P. 75.

Appendix

Evidence p. 8-13.

European Doctor.

[ xxii]

......A European attendant is necessary to Over and over

see that cleanliness is properly observed........ "again I have made recommendations to the various Registrars General ......In conference with the different Registrars General I "have objected to many things, but in certain cases I was told I could "not interfere..

....I have always conferred with the Registrar "General for the time being, and he has brought my views to the notice "of the Tung Wa Committee.”

17. In his report dated 8th April, 1877, Dr. AYRES said :-

...The Tung Wa Hospital is to be looked upon as a work house "is at Home; it is the last resort of the poor and destitute. &c., &c.”

18. In a letter dated 22nd June, 1896. Dr. AYRES remarks

The surgical ward is only fit for a store room..

"There is ample space for the construction of a new ward..................................then “better arrangements could be made for surgical cases.

As both plague cases and small-pox cases are now subject to removal from the Tung Wa Hospital. I would also recommend that typhoid cases should not be permitted to remain in that institution, or any other "infectious disease which is a serious danger to the community generally. "The quilted bedding which cannot be washed or cleaned should be "replaced by blankets. Now that they have a good washing house, "bedding as well as clothing can be easily cleaned. If these things "could be arranged much would be gained.

......At Macao. "similarly situated to ourselves, they have a native hospital similar to

the Tung Wa, but kept much berter and cleaner than it.'

19. And in a letter dated 9th June, 1896, Dr. AYRES says:

Soon after my arrival in the Colony in 1873 I inspected the Tung Wa Hospital and in an interview with the Colonial Secretary "concerning this institution I was referred to the Registrar General for "instructions."

20. Dr. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon, in a letter dated 20th August, 1895,

says:-

I have the honour to report that on my daily visit to the Tung Wa Hospital on the 18th instant, I found a man barricade: in one of the cells above "the mortuary. It appears that this patient was admitted on the previous "day, and as he seemed to be mad he was fastened up in his cell. This is contrary to all instructions; if the man was insane he should have heen at once sent to the Government Chinese Lunatic Asylum; if he "was not mad he should have been kept in the Receiving Ward until my visit the next day. I was not even informed on the 18th that the case had been admitted, and had I not inspected every ward of that "institution that day he would probably have been under restraint

still....

and

21. Dr. ATKINSON, in his evidence on 6th March, 1896, states :---

The Chinese Doctors admit that they have no surgical know- "ledge, and I cannot be responsible for the surgical enormities which "have been and still will be carried on there if they are allowed to "treat such cases. I consider that nine-tenths (of the surgical cases) "lose their lives by being treated in the Tung Wa..............................................I think

.....I the Tung Wa is grossly mismanaged. There is a want of cleanliness. "The clothing is dirty; they have not a large enough staff and cannot

[ xxiii]

"keep the place clean. No Doctor seems to be regularly on duty. "When I go there I cannot find who has authority and who is on duty. I complain of the general mismanagement, and say that "patients run risks in going there from maltreatment........

፡፡

"cannot understand who has the deciding of the refusal to admit 'any destitute applicant. There does not seem to be any system in "the place whatever. That is my experience after repeated calls at the

Tung Wa.

The whole question was referred to at the monthly "meetings with the staff. ..Practically no improvement has been "apparent........ .From a medical point of view, I think the Tung "Wa should be abolished.

....They have failed to carry out the object and purposes of the Ordinance, viz., the proper treatment of the "indigent sick amongst the Chinese population. I do not think patients "there are properly treated if they are allowed to die without receiving "adequate medical attendance.

The arrangement at present is

.....I

"that I visit the Hospital every morning with Mr. U I-KAI, who has “been trained at the Chinese College of Medicine and at the Government "Civil Hospital, and see all cases which have come in during the previous "twenty-four hours. I ask him to explain to the patients when I think "it advisable that they should be transferred to the Government Civil

Hospital, and ask whether they will consent to come in or not.

If they "consent, they come; but since the present Committee was appointed I cannot help thinking that the patients are influenced by some of the people in authority, because nearly every one of these surgical cases "that I have recommended transfer to the Government Civil Hospital "since the present Committee was appointed has refused to come into "the Civil Hospital. The cases that have come in since the present "Committee was appointed are almost all medical cases. "thought patients were being discharged from the Tung Wa suffering from infectious diseases and other complaints and that they were not in a fit state to leave the Hospital.

referred to some cases of "typhoid fever especially.

..........I know of two cases of typhoid "which have come under my own experience since April, 1895, and there "have also been cases of puerperal fever. ...... ......I received an order "from the previous Committee that all patients should be seen by me "before they were discharged. I saw them up to a certain date in “November or December, 1895, but since then they have been allowed to “leave without my having seen them. The new Committee did not "observe this regulation and patients are now discharged without my "knowing whether they are in a fit state to be discharged or not. .Ifa Chinaman trained in European medicine were appointed "in charge of the Tung Wa Hospital, he would not be in a sufficiently

strong position to materially improve matters."

•

22. Dr. Lowson, Medical Officer in Charge of the Epidemic Hospital and Acting Superintendent of Government Civil Hospital, in a Report on the Epidemic of Bubonic Plague, dated 1st March, 1895, writes:-

p. 49-13.

'The question of dealing with the Tung Wa Hospital must now be seriously Evidence

“considered. I cannot denounce this hot-bed of medical and sanitary "vice in sufficiently strong terms. I venture to say that if the question "of allowing this to remain was to be submitted to the Public Health, "Authorities at home they would order its immediate abolition. Here I "know that a political element enters into the question, but I doubt if "those who have supported it most would do so now if they knew what "a disgrace and danger to the public health of Hongkong it is

Evidence p. 28-18.

[ xxiv ]

"I do not believe a single medical man could be found to uphold its "existence as a hospital, one of the curiosities of Hongkong to medical “visitors having always been the Tung Wa Hospital. The native Chi- "nese hospitals I have seen in other places are generally far superior to "the one which is now permitted to remain in the middle of a densely populated part of Hongkong. Matters have improved lately to a great extent, but still they are bad enough................It is difficult to speak 'calmly on this subject, and to the authorities at home it must seem (4 incredible that the state of affairs is such as I have far-from-fully de- scribed. If the Government are to recognise a hospital where Chinese "quackery is to have full play as regards treatment, then it is all the more essential that responsible men should be appointed to supervise "it with full power to prevent what is closely allied to malpraxis. I have "had a good deal to do with the Chinaman when in Hospital, and can "state that when once he has had a slight experience of Western medicine "he is generally, if not always, desirous of remaining under civilized The proposal to place some of the students of "the Chinese School of Medicine in the Tung Wa to improve the prepara- "tion of the mortality statistics is a bad one, and would not im- probably lead to a sense of false security. Where it is difficult for an 'experienced European doctor to make a correct diagnosis it would be scarcely fair to ask a semi-educated Chinaman to do so; and the result would be that causes of death would be given, but possibly not the 'right causes; and the new state of affairs would be worse than the old. Conducted as it is at present under the patronage and protection of the local Government, a certain amount of countenance is, or at any rate appears to be, lent to what I can only describe as medical "and surgical atrocities."

เ

treatment......

喜

23. In his evidence on 23rd April, 1896, Dr. Lowson statęs :---

Apart from absolute sanitation I consider the place was a danger "to the public health.

...From a purely professional point of view “-medical and surgical-and also from a sanitary point of view, I con-

sider the Tung Wa in 1894 was very bad.

..It was insanitary

on account of overcrowding, filth, absolute want of all cleaning processes, "and one might include the danger of spreading disease from patient to "patient from the filthy condition of the patients in the place. "Chinese hospitals elsewhere that I have seen were very much better "than the Tung Wa Hospital. From a medical and surgical point "of view the treatment of the patients was very bad indeed, judged "from a Western point of view.... ....Taking medical considera- "tion into account, I do not think it is in a fair sanitary condition. "There are wards where the patients are suffering from blood poisoning "of every description where they are a distinct danger to everybody in "the Hospital suffering from open wounds.

They constitute "a danger through contaminating the air and spreading infection. ........I have seen half a dozen patients there with healthy wounds "who have contracted blood poisoning in the wards. I have seen a man "who was suffering from septicemia take off his plaster and give it to "a man in the next bed to him and that man has died.

"The introduction to the Tung Wa Hospital of a Chinese versed in "Western medicine would be a grand scheme if you have a European at "the head who is going to give orders, but unless you have a European "there I do not think there is a Chinaman who could hold his own against "the others.

The supervision of the Colonial Surgeon would

[ xxv }

not be sufficient; there are a great number of cases there which should "not be treated there. ...............Say a man comes into the accident "ward suffering from acute septicæmia and there are six or seven men "round about him with open wounds. If you send that man away with his

septicemia you are doing the Colony more good than by taking him into "that ward where you would be endangering the lives of the other patients."

24. Surgeon-Colonel EVATT, Principal Medical Officer of the Army Medical Staff, who has had a wide and extended experience of hospital and medical work in India, in his evidence, on 2nd July, 1896, states:--

"The bedding was absolutely filthy: I refer to the coverlets.

....

The

p. 65-74.

...........We Evidence "used to have these coverlets in India, but now they have been abandoned "for blankets. ... .Somebody has not looked into the details regard- "ing bedding and clothing. ..........There is a want of discipline in the "Tung Wa Hospital. .....I noticed the want of classification amongst "the cases treated in the Hospital. I do not think that the Chinese pre- "judices would be interfered with if a rough classification was attempted "of the surgical cases as opposed to the medical cases by the separation "of patients suffering from open wounds.

The classification of "the inmates should be the first thing. The diarrhoea cases should all go into one place; and the surgical cases should be separated. They "want more cubic space; they should be in a ward where there is plenty "of ventilation and air space. There was a perfect epidemic of com- "modes and there were patients suffering from diarrhoea in the same wards "with other patients suffering from open wounds. ............So far as "I could see every patient had a commode. ....... ...That day we visited "the Hospital some of the commodes were in a most dreadful state. "stench was enough to make anybody ill who was well, and it must "have been bad for the sick inmate. The Chinese in charge of the Hospital might be induced to put these commodes out to a screened up place. The wards would be kept sweeter and it would not interfere "with the Doctors or the patients. ............Until the Chinese are trained "and qualified to do the work, and to do it thoroughly, it would be desir- "able to have a European Steward at the Tung Wa.

................ The inter- "nal discipline of the Tung Wa is defective. If this was remodelled the place would be at once improved. ...........I think a series of English "rules might be translated into Chinese, and that the bedding and clothing "should be changed once or twice a week, so that the visitor to the Hospital could see from the rules whether the conditions were being complied with.

.. There ought to be a surgical distinct from "the medical ward, because patients suffering from open sores will only "make the wards unhealthy for patients suffering from other diseases. .........The Doctor who inspects should be a Government officer “and should have a representation on the Advisory Board of the Hospital. "He should be medical member of that Board.

The same pro-

"blem (as regards Doctors), as you have here, was met with in India, "and has been solved. The English found a very strong prejudice amongst the Brahmins on religious grounds, but these prejudices have been conquered. ............Western medicine, so far as I can make out, has been put before the Tung Wa Hospital people in a most indigestible "form."

p. 58-59.

25. Dr. THOMSON, Superintendent of the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals, Evidence in his evidence on 14th May, 1896,-being asked "During any portion of the time you "have been here, could the Tung Wa Hospital have been regarded as a danger to the "neighbourhood or a disgrace to the Colony in any way ?," replied:-"A danger, I

Evidence

p. 50-54.

[ xxvi ]

"think yes; from the circumstance that there was no real diagnosis of disease, as "we understand diagnosis; it seems to me that there may very probably have been, "at times, cases under treatment there which should not have been in the Hospital

Infectious cases."

..When I first visited the Hospital, it "was in a bad condition.-Yes; it was filthy." This statement was modified in a letter dated 15th May, 1896. (See page of the evidence, 59.)

26. Dr. CLARK, Medical Officer of Health to the Sanitary Board, in his evidence on 14th May, 1896, referring to the sanitary arrangements of the Hospital, says :-

..........I do not think they are sufficient, I think there should be latrines "and bath rooms for every ward: at present they are provided for the "wards of one block only......... ..Although the authorities at the "Tung Wa Hospital have complied with the request to provide bath "room accommodation, it does not follow that the rooms are used as "such...... .....The verandahs are used unfortunately for the storage

"of lumber, rubbish, woodwork, baskets, clothing, &c. The premises occupied by the patients are not in such condition as to cause a nuisance. They are not in a wholesome condition.

The

rooms in the Ko Fong wards, in my opinion, are unfit for human "habitation in their present condition..

.The surgical ward

'is dark, and some of the other wards smell badly, but there is plenty "of ventilation available. The whole thing, to my mind, is a question "of management. The appliances in the Hospital are sufficient to put "it in a very satisfactory condition if there were only some responsible "head who saw that everything was carried out properly. In the female "ward yesterday I made an inspection of the night stools, one of which "is provided for each patient. I opened every one, and I found every "one half-full of night-soil. There was an amah in attendance, and I "asked her (about three or four o'clock in the afternoon) when they had "been emptied, and I was told they had been emptied on the previous "evening by a coolie. It is one of the first principles of hospital "management that all excreta should be removed from the ward "and emptied out immediately. ...........I consider the Hospital can be kept in a fair sanitary condition, but it is difficult to say it is in a fair sanitary condition. When I visited the Tung Wa on 13th May, 1896, I found it fairly sanitary, with an accent on fairly because "I do not think the wards were properly ventilated, and I do not think "it is satisfactory having night-soil left in the wards unemptied for such "a length of time. .... ....I have never seen an instance of a case "under treatment in the surgical wards by the Chinese Doctors; I "have seen instances of want of treatment-abscesses left neglected— "and the patients had to be brought into the Civil Hospital or died in "the Tung Wa Hospital. ..............I found the Tung Wa overcrowded "in December.....

When I first came here and was acting as "assistant at the Government Civil Hospital I saw patients taken there "from the Tung Wa Hospital, who, if they had been brought there in "the first instance might have been saved considerable suffering. ..I think it would be very useful provided you got a good man. ..The appointment of a Chinese trained in Western medical "science, in addition to daily inspections by a member of the medical “establishment of the Government would not effect the desired improve- "ments in the management which I say are necessary..... .......I "do not think such an officer would either have the patience or take "the trouble to look after the petty details of sanitary management "in the Hospital required to keep it in a proper condition.

[ xxvii]

"From what I have seen of the Hospital I think the appointment of a European Steward, some man of perhaps a little better class than the Sanitary Inspectors, should be appointed. His duty would be to see "that the wards were properly ventilated, that the drainage or conser- vancy system was carefully carried out; to see that the Ko Fong "wards were not occupied, and that the servants did not live in the "basements, and the other petty details that a steward of an hospital at "home is supposed to look after. It is a big Hospital, and at the same "time it wants somebody all day long to look after it.

"I think he should be under the Colonial Surgeon, who would visit the "Hospital every day as at present."

27. Mr. MCCALLUM, Secretary of the Sanitary Board, in a report dated 8th April, 1895, said:-

p. 59-60.

So far as one can judge from surface appearances the drainage Appendix arrangements of the Hospital are defective........

The conservancy "arrangements for the patients are rather primitive, and, unless properly "carried out, the air in the wards must necessarily be polluted, and in "those wards where there are patients suffering from infectious diseases "where the infective matter is thrown off with the excretions from the "bowels and kidneys, the danger of the spread of such diseases to others "in the ward is undoubtedly very great. To each two beds there is a 'rough wooden covered commode which is far from being air-tight. This "commode is, as a rule, only cleansed once in the twenty-four hours."

....

Į. 61-62.

28. In a Memorandum dated 18th January, 1896, Mr. MCCALLUM writes:—

With regard to conservancy, I am quite satisfied that the only Appendix satisfactory method in any Hospital is the water carriage system. "Excretal matters in hospitals are nearly always infective and consequently "the speedy and complete removal of them is a matter of the first import- 'ance. This can only be effectually carried out by adopting the water "carriage system. ........ This should be insisted on.

The storage "for twenty-four hours of infected excretal matters and their subsequent "removal through the streets cannot be done without danger to the "community. The drainage arrangements of the Hospital are being seen "to now and when the work is completed this section of the sanitation "of the Hospital will be placed on a satisfactory footing."

29. And Mr. McCALLUM, in his evidence on 13th March, 1896, adds :--

p. 22-21.

"They are remedying the bulk of the things that were in an insanitary con- Evidence "dition. Generally speaking after what is now being carried out has "been completed it will be in a very fair sanitary condition.'

p. 42.

30. Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL in his despatch of 19th February, 1872, when reporting the opening of the Tung Wa Hospital, doubtless having in mind what had been allowed to take place in the "I Ts'z," or Chinese Hospital, was careful to inform the Earl of KIMBERLEY, the then Secretary of State, that "the more continuous and frequent the

supervision maintained by Officers of the Government, whether daily, or weekly, or Appendix monthly, the more improbable will be the chance of any great abuse having time to mature, and this is a point on which I hope my successor may entertain the same "views as myself." Notwithstanding this very distinct note of warning, the Government had by 1894 permitted the Tung Wa Hospital to drift into an insanitary state. meeting held on 14th February, 1896, the Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART informed the Commission-" My predecessor, Dr. STEWART, visited it from time to time, Evidence

and I have done so too; but we have never interfered with the medical or sanitary arrangements of the Institution."

At a

p. 4.

† xxviii]

31. Now there may have been some grounds for not interfering with the medical arrangements, but absolutely none for not supervising the sanitary arrangements. It was specially on sanitary grounds that the "I Ts'z" was done away with to make room for the Tung Wa. For the extremely unsatisfactory and the exceedingly backward condition of affairs at the Tung Wa the Registrar General's Department, by its sub- servience to Chinese ideas, and by its timidity in dealing with the Chinese, is largely, if not entirely, to blame. I submit it is a disgrace to the British Government and to our civilization at the end of the nineteenth century in this British Crown Colony, that positively no attempt has up to the present time been made by the Colonial Govern- ment to dissipate the cloud of ignorance that rests over the Chinese in regard to the undoubted advantages of modern medical science, and that the so-called "Doctors of the Tung Wa Hospital, who have no medical qualifications whatever, are still permitted by the Colonial Government to continue to "treat" the many destitute poor and sick among the 240,000 Chinese in the Colony in accordance with the dictates of an antiquated and wholly discredited system.

32. In spite of the enormous increase in the population during the years from 1872 to 1894, and the large accumulations of funds in the hands of the Institution, there had been no adequate enlargement of the establishment, or of the accommodation therein to meet the continuously growing needs of the Colony, and there had been no improvement and positively no effort to effect any improvement either in the medical treatment of the sick and destitute Chinese, or in the sanitary arrangements of the Hospital. If there had been "the continuous inspection, the frequent supervision, and that systematic control over it," that Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL contemplated, the Hospital would never have been allowed to drift into the state in which it was found in 1894. At a deputation of Chinese gentlemen connected with the Hospital, which waited on His Excellency the Governor on 28th December last, Sir WILLIAM ROBINSON is reported to have said---

......"I fully appreciate the Tung Wa Hospital's good work, which has been "done for many years; and I must insist on having it put into proper sanitary condition. Under the Ordinance, 3 of 1870, the Governor has power to appoint any- "body he thinks fit, besides the Registrar General and Colonial Surgeon, and I shall "act on that decidedly." See Dr. Lowson's report dated 1st March, 1895, and more parti- Evidence cularly his remarks on the Tung Wa which were omitted from the official copies of that report, as Government considered that no useful purpose would be served by their publication; and also the medical and other evidence. Lord GRANVILLE's despatch of 7th October, 1869, sanctioned "the establishment of a new Hospital for sick and "moribund Chinese conditionally that its regulations and general superintendence be

subject to Government control."

p. 40-13.

Appendix

P. 40.

Evidence

P. 70.

p. 75.

33. Had successive Registrars General and Colonial Surgeons exercised the continuous control intended, led the Chinese by gradual steps to understand and recognise the benefits of Western medicine and surgery, and employed a little quiet steady pressure-a pressure that could have been gradually and judiciously exercised without exciting any alarm or stirring up any prejudices in the minds of the Chinese-I believe the Tung Wa Hospital might now have been spacious enough to provide for all the needs of the rapidly growing Chinese population, and would have become what the Government of 1872 intended, viz., a "really good and well-conducted Hospital," availing itself of many of the advantages and of many of the curative appliances and methods of modern medical science.

34. The Registrar General has always acted as the intermediary between the Government and the Hospital Directorate, and in respect of the Tung Wa the Appendix Colonial Surgeon has, unfortunately since 1873, been under the instructions of the Registrar General's Department. I am of opinion it is mainly owing to the lack of intelligent firmness in dealing with the Chinese on the part of successive Registrars General, and to their failure to exercise any effective control over the working of the establishment, that instead of being a benefit to the Chinese

[ xxix ]

❖

p. 66-67.

of whom the Registrar General was until 1888 the Official Protector, the Tung Wa Hospital has been in certain respects a great misfortune, yea, actual injury to Hongkong, as well as loss to the Chinese residents, because the general opinion and the public belief that it was doing the work it was intended to do, viz., that of a really good and well conducted hospital, has steadily blocked the way to the gradual and judicious introduction of modern methods of medical and surgical treatment, as has been successfully done many years ago in India, in Ceylon, in Singapore, and in fact wherever Her Majesty's Government has been established for any length of time. In Singapore there is a large Chinese population constantly recruited from China and equally attached to their usages and habits as that resident here. A hospital was founded there in 1880 for the treatment, on European methods, of all nationalities. The bulk of the patients are Chinese, who attend the hospital voluntarily. No opposi- Appendix tion is, or, as far as is known, has been experienced to European medical treatment. The patients come for that treatment. There may be some who like to return to native treatment, but such cases are not common. The medical staff of the hospital consists of both Europeans and Asiatics. European methods of treatment are insisted on. If this has been done in Singapore, where the Officers of the Government are not trained Chinese Scholars, why, could it not have been done in Hongkong, where the officials have a knowledge of the Chinese and the Chinese language and claim to be the only persons in the Colony possessed of such knowledge? I think I may be permitted to say that there are no people more amenable to reason, or more easily governed, than the Chinese provided the rule is consistent and continuous. LI HUNG CHANG, one of the most distinguished statesmen in China, on a recent important mission to Europe and America, had his European medical adviser in attendance throughout his extended travels, and His Ex- cellency is reported to have attributed, to his Doctor's professional skill, much of the success of the mission, while it is a fact that Princes and members of the Imperial family avail of the medical services of the eminent Dr. DUDGEON in Peking. In India the difficulties and the prejudices, arising out of the numerous castes and race hatreds Evidence there and on religious grounds, were stronger and greater than any that were or are to be met with in Hongkong, but were gradually overcome and ultimately conquered. Why could not similar success have attended properly directed efforts in the like direction in Hongkong? That this same wise, far-seeing policy and beneficent rule has not been followed in this not unimportant and well favoured Island is, I submit, a dark blot on the annals of Crown Colony Government, and reflects anything but credit on the system adopted in the management of our Chinese population and Chinese affairs.

Question 2.-If yes, whether the Commission can suggest or recommend any matter or thing by which the present organization and administration of the Hospital can be improved or carried on more effectively; and

Question 3.—If no, whether the object and purpose of the IIospital can be fulfilled by any other organization with any suggestions or recommendations the Commission may make on the subject.

p. 65-74.

35. As appears from my answer to the first question, the Tung Wa Hospital has in many respects fulfilled the primary object and purpose for which it was ⚫ established, but in other and equally important respects-mainly through the deficiencies on the part of successive Registrars General-the institution has not attained the position Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL intended that it should attain, viz., that it should in time become a really good and well conducted Hospital. My answer therefore to the Appendix second and third questions may usefully be combined in one.

36. I am most decidedly of opinion that the ends and objects for which the Tung Wa Hospital was originally founded and endowed can be more effectively and more economically carried out in an institution of that kind under Chinese management and control, than in any institution directly under the Government and administered by Europeans, and I am in favour of maintaining and extending the Tung Wa if there is

pp. 5 and

[xxx]

any possibility of doing so, upon conditions consistent with a due regard for the public health and for the preservation of the lives of the people frequenting it. But I am also of opinion that if the Tung Wa Hospital is to be continued in existence under its present management it can only be done by subjecting it to that continuous, daily, or hourly supervision by duly qualified Government officers, and that effective control by the Government that Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL undoubtedly contemplated, and on the assurance that such supervision and control would be duly exercised, the Secretary of State was alone induced to sanction its incorporation. Sir R. G. MACDONNELL clearly foresaw that unless the Chinese management was closely and continuously watched, the Tung Wa, however favourably it might start into existence, would soon become as dirty, as crowded, as dangerous, and as great a nuisance as the "I Ts'z." The results have justified his foresight, and whatever the state of the Tung Wa to-day may be, after Dr. ATKINSON'S and Dr. Lowson's complaints have called attention to it, it was in 1894 in a most insanitary condition, overcrowded, badly ventilated, filthy, without the most necessary appliances, and a grave source of danger to the Colony. If it is now in a much better state it is because of the close supervision exercised over it since 1894.

37. The Hospital needs enlargement to meet the growing needs of the population. The Chinese population has increased from 115,564 in 1872, when the Tung Wa was opened, to about 240,000 in 1896. Proper provision is necessary for the division of the poor who take refuge in it for a few days or a few weeks until they can get work or be sent to their native places, and for the complete segregation of the sick who are suffering from infectious diseases from the sick who are not so affected. Separate accommodation should also be provided for those who are simply brought there to die from those who are brought there for treatment and with the hope of being cured. These are matters which will involve expense in the way of reconstruction and Appendix enlargement, but the corporation has ample funds in hand, house property and cash aggregating in value about $240,000 to $250,000; but I am of opinion that the Government should, whenever necessary, afford reasonable financial assistance. For the purpose of enforcing the separation of the sick from the dying, of the infectious from the non-infectious cases, and of keeping a record of diseases and of deaths and their causes, a resident medical man is absolutely necessary, and the expense should be borne by the Government. Such officer might be a Chinese trained in Western medical science, but he should also be in the performance of his duties under the close and constant supervision of the Visiting Surgeon, or of some competent Medical Officer.

pp. 65 and]

36.

38. To prevent the Chinese, who are wholly indifferent to matters of drainage, ventilation, and sanitation generally, from allowing the Hospital to drop back into the state of filth from which the place has just been rescued, there should be a Resident European Superintendent or Steward, with the training and knowledge of a Sanitary Inspector, to see that all sanitary precautions are taken, and all rules as to cleanliness and ventilation are observed. This officer should not be permitted to interfere with the management or the treatment of the patients, or to give orders, but should be required to observe and report, so that the Government may be able effectively to interfere at the first sign of any neglect, or of any disobedience of the Rules or Bye-laws which should be made by the Government (1) for securing the classification and separation of the inmates; (2) that there are no discharges from the Hospital unless those certified by the resident medical officer who has been trained in modern medical science; (3) the looking after the bedding and clothing; (4) the keeping of the proper records; (5) the maintenance of the sanitary condition of the buildings and premises; (6) the prevention of overcrowding, &c., &c., &c. The Principal Army Medical Officer states--evidence page 70-"There should be regulations similar to what we have in our own hospitals where everything is done in accordance with rules and nothing is left to the whims of the attendants."

[ xxxi ]

39. If these recommendations are carried out and an effective and continuous control is exercised over the place by the Government through the competent officers of the Medical and Sanitary Departments, the Tung Wa Hospital will continue to be most useful as a Poor House and Refuge for the Destitute, and as a place to which the Chinese may, in accordance with their peculiar ideas, convey their relations, friends, or countrymen in articulo mortis. It will also, as regards the sick, give them more comfortable accommod- ation than their houses can afford them, and a better chance of recovery in the order of nature. The Hospital will also aid largely in the segregation of dangerous cases and so benefit the Colony, but it should do far more than this. In my opinion it is nothing short of a disgrace to the Government of the Colony that during the twenty-four years the Tung Wa has been opened, no attempt, however slight, has been made to improve the treatment of the destitute sick Chinese. There is an absolute ignorance of anatomy and of the simplest operations of surgery among the practitioners in the Tung Wa Hospital. There is positively nothing in the Hospital that can be recognised as medical treatment. There are a few simple old women's remedies in use for the commoner ailments, but the most atrocious ignorance of anything deserving the name of medical science prevails. Persons are allowed to die there, one might say, daily, through the ignorance of the so-called "doctors" and through prejudices which are brought to bear to prevent the poor and destitute patients from having recourse to European aid.

40. I feel sure that the Chinese would resent any direct attempt to interfere with their treatment of the patients according to Chinese ideas, and I do not recommend any interference of that kind; the adoption of European methods should be perfectly voluntary; but I strongly recommend that the Directors of the Tung Wa should be required, as the condition sine qua non, of their being permitted to continue in the management of the Hospital, to gradually substitute for the present Chinese doctors, others, also Chinese, who, as well as being trained in Chinese medicine should have gone through a course of study in Western medical science, so that every patient in the Hospital who desired to have the benefit of the newest lights should have on the spot a man capable of affording it to him. It should not be made compulsory to adopt Western methods of treatment. Every patient, who desired to be cured by Chinese medicines and in Chinese ways, should be at perfect liberty to make his selection, but the power of choice would then be real, and not illusory.

41. The appointment of Doctors should still be in the hands of the Chinese Directors entirely. No sudden change in the qualifications should be insisted on, but vacancies should be filled by Chinese who had gone through a regular course of European medicine so far as such persons are available. It should be laid down that within seven years from date all the Chinese Doctors in the Hospital should have had such a training and that no further unqualified men should be employed.

P. 65.

p. 42.

42. As to its finances, the Tung Wa Hospital having been endowed with public funds to the extent of $115,000, it appears the Government, when incorporating the Appendix Institution, had fully decided that the Hospital's accounts should be audited, as is usual in all such cases. Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL in a despatch dated 19th February, 1872, advised Lord KIMBERLY, then Secretary of State, that a vigilant supervision was Appendix intended to be maintained over the accounts and expenditure by auditors appointed by Government, and Government Notification No. 23 of 10th February, 1872, appointed the Registrar General and the Head Master of the Central School auditors ex officio. On enquiring for the auditors' reports, I was informed by the President of the Com- mission, in a letter dated 17th August, 1896, that "so far as he was aware no audi- tors have ever been appointed by the Government to audit the Tung Wa Hospital accounts." The abstract of the annual receipts and payments, and statement of the Appendix assets and liabilities of the Hospital at Singapore are audited by the Government, and I am of opinion that the accounts of the Tung Wa Hospital should have been audited

P. 71.

Evidence

P. 47.

Evidence

P. 74.

[ xxxii]

since its incorporation in 1872. If no audit has ever been effected, I consider that one should now be commenced.

43. The history of the Institution conclusively demonstrates that the Registrar General's Department is in no way qualified to exercise an efficient supervision and the sole control over a hospital such as the Tung Wa. The Assistant Surgeon in the Government Medical Department in his evidence on 23rd April, 1896, said:--“

"At present the Colonial Surgeon has no power to give instructions or directions "to those in charge of the Hospital. All directions must be given to the Tung Wa "Directors through the Registrar General, but it does not follow they will be obeyed." I am clearly of opinion that the Government should appoint in this behalf a duly qualified and suitable Medical Officer who shall be independent of the Registrar General, and required to report direct to the Government. In his evidence Surgeon-Colonel EVATT very pertinently remarks:-"The surgical cases need a trained Chinese Doctor, or a very kind, sympathetic European surgeon who would win over the Chinese to his ways "and treatment. I believe the place could be gradually reformed, and if a Medical "Officer was made a member of the Chinese governing body he would gradually "explain to them what was needed-pave the way for reforms, and level the place up to

a better standard.”

44. I recommend that Rules or Bye-laws for the proper and efficient working of the Tung Wa Hospital, referred to in paragraph 38 hereof, should be framed by the Colonial Medical Department, with the assistance of Surgeon-Colonel EVATT, Principal Army Medical Officer, and Dr. CLARK, Medical Officer of Health of the Sanitary Board, and submitted to the Directors of the Hospital for their views, and afterwards submitted for report to this Commission before it is dissolved.

45. In conclusion, I feel it my duty to call attention to the circumstance that the Chairman of this Commission, who has drawn up the majority report, is himself the Registrar General of the Colony, and that he has had, in his capacity of Chairman, to enquire into the working of an Institution, for the success or failure of which, during the last twenty-four years, his department was mainly responsible, and to suggest for the consideration of His Excellency the Governor that if the Registrar General's Department should be called on to furnish or should furnish any report on the subject of the Tung Wa Hospital for transmission to the Secretary of State, it may be made public with these papers.

I have the honour to be,

Your Excellency's

Most obedient Servant,

T. H. WHITEHEAD.

EVIDENCE

TUNG WA HOSPITAL COMMISSION.

Meeting held on Friday, 14th February, 1896.

Present:-Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary (President).

Honourable A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Honourable Dr. Ho KAI.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD.

dix I.

dix II.

THE PRESIDENT read the Commission of His Excellency the Governor constituting the Committee, and also a form of summons for witnesses drawn up by the Crown See Appen- Solicitor. He added-I thought it would be well to have this form drawn up so that there could be no misunderstanding, and, as you will see by the wording of the Commis- sion, we have power to compel the attendance of witnesses, and, if they fail to attend, we have power to punish them for contempt.

Dr. Ho KAI-Is that stated clearly in the summons? Because some witnesses might receive a summons and refuse to attend, not knowing it was compulsory or that he was rendering himself liable to punishment.

THE PRESIDENT-Is it usual to inform the witness in such forms that if he does not attend he will be punished?

Dr. Ho KAI said it was stated in the usual subpoenas ordering the attendance of witnesses at the Courts, and, after some conversation, it was agreed to remit the sum- mons back to the Crown Solicitor for the insertion of a clause informing witnesses that failure to attend on a summons was contempt, and rendered them liable to punishment.

THE PRESIDENT-In considering the question as to how we should conduct our inquiry, it occurred to me it would be a most useful thing to endeavour to get together the papers on record in the Colonial Secretary's Office, showing the reasons for the establishment of the Tung Wa Hospital. I have collected these papers, and I propose to have them printed without delay so that the members of the Commission may have See Appen- the opportunity of reading them and keeping a copy in their possession.

dix II.

dix 11, page

Mr. WHITEHEAD--That is very proper. Would you have a copy of the Ordinance see Appen- printed at the same time? The Ordinance embodies the incorporation of the Hospital XLVII, and doubtless shows the reasons and objects in view justifying its establishment.

THE PRESIDENT—The Ordinance states in the preamble "Whereas it has been pro- posed by the said Governor His Excellency SIR RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL to found a Chinese hospital for the care and treatment of indigent sick to be supported by voluntary contributions." But you will see in the papers I am going to have printed, with as little delay as possible, the exact reason for establishing the Hospital. I think it is stated very clearly in those papers, and after the members have read them, they will have no difficulty in seeing the reason. I have also here, in Chinese and English, a copy of the Regulations of the Hospital, and before it is decided whether we should print them or not I will circulate them amongst the members. Mr. THOMSON has already seen them.

Dr. Ho KAI-Are these Regulations made by the Tung Wa?

THE PRESIDENT-Yes; and not disapproved by the Governor. It will hasten matters if Dr. Ho KAI reads the Chinese copy while Mr. CHATER and Mr. WHITEHEAD read the English. There are some despatches from the Secretary of State to the See Appen- Governor with reference to the Hospital.

dix u.

(4)

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Recent despatches?

THE PRESIDENT-Dealing with the history of the Tung Wa.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-What has led to the appointment of this Commission?

THE PRESIDENT-I think His Excellency the Governor deems it is necessary to ascertain whether the Hospital is fulfilling its object or not; and if it is, whether it is capable of improvement, seeing it has been established for twenty-six years; and if it is not fulfilling its object, what steps the Commission have to recommend with regard to it. As members well know, considerable attention has been called to the Hospital since the plague epidemic of 1894, and the Acting Colonial Surgeon frequently, during last year, called attention to its management. This and other matters have, I have no doubt, induced His Excellency to appoint this Commission.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-In what shape or form were these complaints made?

THE PRESIDENT-In reports. I think the best way would be to call the Acting Colonial Surgeon before us and ask him to produce his reports.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Did previous Colonial Surgeons report from time to time upon the Tung Wa Hospital and its working?

THE PRESIDENT-There may possibly be reports by previous Colonial Surgeons, but in the papers I have been examining there is no general report on the Tung Wa Hospital; and from my own knowledge, extending over fifteen or sixteen years, I do not remember until recently any special report.

Dr. Ho KAI-I thought the Tung Wa was always allowed to work by itself, until last year,

without Government interference.

THE PRESIDENT-Inspections are now carried on daily by the Colonial Surgeon himself, but that has not always been the case.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Is there no foreign doctor in attendance at the Tung Wa?

THE PRESIDENT—No. ·

Mr. WHITEHEAD-And never has been ?

THE PRESIDENT-No. The Colonial Surgeon has powers to inspect conferred on him by section 14 of Ordinance No. 3 of 1870, which says "The Hospital and all buildings and premises of the Corporation shall be open at all reasonable times to the inspection of the Registrar General, the Colonial Surgeon, and of any other person whom the Governor may appoint in that behalf." My predecessor, Dr. STEWART, visited it from time to time, and I have done so too; but we have never interfered with the medical or sanitary arrangements of the institution.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Have the members of the Tung Wa made any application recently for any increased powers varying from what they have hitherto exercised?

THE PRESIDENT-Never.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-And the proposed inquiry does not emanate from its Directors and is not instituted in any way at their request or desire?

THE PRESIDENT-By no means.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Is the Committee of the Tung Wa appointed annually?

THE PRESIDENT-Annually; and the names are published in the Gazette with a statement of the accounts of the Hospital..

Mr. WHITEHEAD--How are they elected?

(5)

THE PRESIDENT-There should be an election under the Ordinance in the following

manner:

"6. At the expiration of the said term of two years, a permanent Board of Direction shall be formed consisting of not less than six and not more than twelve members of the Corporation, to be elected as hereinafter mentioned, who shall from time to time appoint one of their body to be President; and every member of the Board shall hold office for the term of one year only, but shall be re-eligible at the expiration thereof.

"7. The members of the said Board shall be elected from time to time as

occasion shall require by a majority of votes of members of the Corpor- ation, who shall be within the Colony at the time of such election, and every such member of the Corporation shall, until otherwise provided by any regulation to be hereafter made under section 10, be entitled to one vote only."

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Then there is a register in the Hospital of the members com- posing the Corporation or Body?

THE PRESIDENT-There should be. At any rate a list of members is published annually.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-And they contribute annually certain donations?

THE PRESIDENT-They publish every year a report of the work done in a book called the Ching Sun Luk, in which are also contained the regulations of the Hospital, the number of people treated, and the donations from the various hongs, and the names of subscribers.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-It gives the names of the donors and the amounts?

THE PRESIDENT-A subscription generally takes the shape of a hong contribution instead of an individual contribution, as is customary amongst the Chinese. I might have an epitome of that book made and circulated amongst the members.

Dr. Ho KAI-There are three Directors distinguished amongst the rest. They call them the Managing Directors. One is Chairman, another is Vice-Chairman and the third is Treasurer.

THE PRESIDENT -That is all stated clearly in the list submitted to the Governor of the new Directors, which is published in the Gazette. In the schedule of Ordinance No. 3 of 1870 are the names of the original promoters of the Hospital, twelve in number. I think a good many of them are dead or have left the Colony, but Mr. Wong Shing and Mr. LI SHING are still here. Inquiry will be made as to how many of them are actually alive, because the Commission might wish to examine those who are still in the Colony.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-You would not propose to call any witnesses until we have had an opportunity of going through the papers you are to have printed?

THE PRESIDENT-I think that would be the best plan. We may delay for ten days or a fortnight, but I think it will make things proceed more rapidly afterwards if the members know exactly why the Hospital was established. And perhaps the Treasurer (Mr. THOMSON) might draw up for us a short statement showing the exact financial condition of the Hospital.

Dr. Ho KAI-It would be an improvement if you could give us a financial state- ment so far as you can.

Mr. THOMSON-We have nothing except assets; we have the title deeds and deposit receipts.

( 6 )

Dr. Ho KAI-You can tell us the amounts collected and the grants of money given by the Government to the Committee.

THE PRESIDENT -All the papers are on record in the Colonial Secretary's Office. I have examined a good many papers dealing with the financial position. Fifteen thousand dollars is the sum mentioned in the Ordinance as being paid out of the public funds of the Colony as a donation towards the cost and expenses of working and maintaining the Hospital, but there was a large sum of money given afterwards from the special fund.

Dr. Ho KAI-It would be important to know how the money was invested, and how much money is derived from these investments, and the amount of the annual contributions.

THE PRESIDENT-I think that can be obtained from the annual report or Ching Sun Luk.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Their own statement will show the yearly income clearly? THE PRESIDENT--Clearly.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-It includes everything?

THE PRESIDENT--It includes everything.

Dr. Ho KAI-We should inquire how much work they have done for those Chinese abroad in Australia, California, and so on, and what benefit or subscription they have derived from these Chinese. That will be a very interesting question. I do not know what they get in comparison for the work they do--for taking care of their dead bones, and so on.

THE PRESIDENT-The points for inquiry seem to be as follows. First of all, we have to inquire into the origin and constitution and the object of the Hospital. When the papers, to which I have referred, have been circulated, we ought to be in the posses- sion of the facts on this point. Secondly, we must inquire into the finances, and Mr. THOMSON and I will draw up a statement on that point; and thirdly, there is the question of the management and internal arrangements of the Hospital.

That ques- tion, of course, will involve the calling of witnesses, and the following names have occurred to me of gentlemen likely to give us a considerable amount of information on the subject:-

Dr. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon,

Dr. THOMSON, Alice Memorial Hospital,

Mr. LEIGH, Architect, who has been interested lately in making the improve-

ments on the Hospital,

Mr. MCCALLUM, Secretary of the Sanitary Board, who has examined the Hos-

pital from time to time from a sanitary point of view, and

Dr. CLARK, the Medical Officer of Health.

There are certain papers containing the opinions of Dr. CLARK and Mr. MCCALLUM, which will be circulated. There are, no doubt, others whom the Commission would like to call as witnesses, such as-

Mr. WONG SHING,

Mr. LI SHING,

The present Chairman of the Committee, Mr. KU FAI-SHAN, and

The Clerk who is in charge of the records.

}

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After examining these witnesses, it will be a question whether we want more information. Is there any other information, you think, we might obtain for the Com- mission in the meantime before we meet again? I think it would be a good thing if the members of the Commission could arrange to visit the Hospital so that we may all become acquainted with the site and surroundings under present conditions.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Is not a portion of the premises of the Tung Wa still at the disposal and occupied by the Pó Léung Kuk?

THE PRESIDENT-No, the Pó Léung Kuk has a site opposite.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Does the Tung Wa still house the women and girls?

THE PRESIDENT—No; the Pó Léung Kuk is in New Street, but the Tung Wa still houses male destitutes, and to that the Colonial Surgeon has already called attention. That is one of the points we will have to consider.

•

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Then, I understand that the Pó Léung Kuk building is distinct and apart from the Tung Wa?

THE PRESIDENT-All except the Clerk's room. No women or girls under the protection of the Pó Leung Kuk have lived in the Tung Wa since the epidemic of 1894.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Which houses are they in now. ?

THE PRESIDENT-In New Street, the first floor.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Is it not very suitable?

THE PRESIDENT-No, but I expect the new premises, of which H.E. The Governor laid the foundation stone the other day, will be ready for them about October of this year.

Mr. THOMSON-I was thinking that perhaps it would be expedient to allow representatives of the Tung Wa Hospital to be present during the examination of witnesses.

THE PRESIDENT-I have no objection if they wish it.

Mr. CHATER-On every occasion ?

Mr. THOMSON-No, but when witnesses are being examined to suggest questions.

Mr. CHATER-We will have to examine the Chairman and Treasurer, and the man who makes up the books.

THE PRESIDENT-I think after all it would delay matters considerably to have representatives of the Tung Wa present during the inquiry, because all the evidence of the European witnesses would have to be translated into Chinese for them. If there is anything in the evidence of any of these witnesses calling for reply by the Committee, we can supply the Committee with a Chinese translation of it, and when they come up question them about it.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-I do not see any reason why we should not, at a later date, cross-examine them on any points raised by witnesses, such as the Colonial Surgeon, while the inquiry is proceeding. If certain points are raised we could have the views of the Tung Wa Directors subsequently, and this, I think, would serve Mr. THOMSON'S object.

Mr. THOMSON-But don't you see in some matters, accusations by the Colonial Surgeon against the Tung Wa for example, we might accept his answers without thinking any more about it, accepting the meaning as it appeared at first sight, whereas if a representative of the Tung Wa were present to criticise the statements it might have a modifying influence upon our opinions.

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Mr. WHITEHEAD-We would later on have an opportunity of examining him upon the points raised by the Colonial Surgeon.

Mr. THOMSON-We might not remember all the points.

THE PRESIDENT-I do not think members would allow serious accusations to be brought without giving the Committee an opportunity of answering them.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--If the Colonial Surgeon or any other witness has any charges to make, these can be taken down and inquired into later on.

Mr. THOMSON--It was my opinion that the Colonial Surgeon and the Tung Wa Committee might be present at the same time supposing any accusations were to be made.

THE PRESIDENT--I think the Tung Wa Directors would rather have an oppor- tunity of reading the evidence than of being present during the inquiry, as suggested.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--I think it would be somewhat irregular for the Commission to approve of such a course being followed as is suggested by Mr. THOMSON.

Mr. THOMSON-I do not see that.

THE PRESIDENT It is not a question of accusations being brought against the Hospital at all. We are appointed to inquire if the Hospital is fulfilling the objects for which it was called into existence.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Is there a doubt that it is not fulfilling these objects fully?

Dr. Ho KAI-We have to inquire and see.

THE PRESIDENT-And if it is not fulfilling its object we have to make certain recommendations; and I think everybody concerned, whatever his views may be, should have an opportunity of giving expression to them.

It was agreed to adjourn sine die, the President undertaking to see that all the papers and documents to which he had referred should be printed and circulated amongst the members prior to the next meeting.

Meeting held on Friday, 6th March, 1896.

Present:-Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary (President).

Honourable A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Honourable Dr. Ho KAI.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD.

Dr. J. M. ATKINSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon.

THE PRESIDENT-The Commission appointed to enquire into the Tung Wa Hospital has asked you to attend to-day in order to have the benefit of your opinion regarding the institution. You are Acting Colonial Surgeon ?-Yes.

How long have you been acting ?-Since the last week of April, 1895. Since then I have regularly inspected the Tung Wa Hospital. I have made a daily inspection except occasionally when another medical officer has attended. From time to time I have sent in my reports thereon to the Government.

These reports refer generally to the transfer of patients from the Tung Wa Hospital to the Government Civil Hospital, to the discharge of patients from the Tung Wa Hospital, and to the refusal to admit patients into the Tung Wa Hospital?—Yes; generally speaking.

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With regard to the transfer of patients from the Tung Wa Hospital I find there are nine reports.-I do not know the exact number.

With regard to the question of transfer, is there anything you wish particularly to mention to the Commission ?-The whole question arises, I think, from the treat- ment of surgical cases in the Tung Wa. If you refer to the papers in your office, I wrote to the Governor on the 20th August, 1895, and requested instructions as to how See Appen- I was to deal in future with severe surgical cases admitted to the Tung Wa, and which, page L. necessarily, I had to see from time to time on visiting the Institution.

Your object was to obtain authority to transfer patients in cases where you thought the doctors of the Tung Wa Hospital were not capable of treating them?--I stated “that the Chinese doctors admit that they have no surgical knowledge, and cannot be respon- sible for the surgical enormities which have been and still will be carried on there if they are allowed to treat such cases.”

In some cases transfers were made?--It was settled that I should report these cases through you to the Governor, and the Governor would issue authority to transfer as he thought fit.

That was in cases of patients who were not willing to be removed ?--Yes.

After the decision that you should apply for permission to transfer the patients to the Government Civil Hospital several cases arose ?—Yes.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Permission was granted ?-Yes, by His Excellency the Governor.

With the acquiescence of the Directors of the Tung Wa? Were they consulted?

WITNESS-I was instructed that in surgical cases where the patients refused to be removed from the Tung Wa Hospital to the Government Civil Hospital a report should be made by the Colonial Surgeon, and that His Excellency would make such an order as he thought best, after considering the facts of the case. That was the course decided

upon. Later on there were four cases in which I wanted to make the transfer, and they were transferred by the order of the Governor. I received an order to report on their condition after they had been some weeks in the Government Civil Hospital. I reported.

THE PRESIDENT—I want to come to the case where you wanted to transfer a patient and this was opposed, a lawyer's letter being written to you and another to the Colonial Secretary.

dix IV,

WITNESS-There is a letter dated October 20th, 1895, in which I reported two men See Appen- suffering from surgical injuries--one suffering from abscess of the knee-joint and another page L. from gangrene of the leg. An order came from the Governor for their removal, and I had them transferred to the Government Civil Hospital.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-In opposition to the wishes of the Directors ?-Not to my knowledge.

With the approval of the Directors ?-I was not aware whether the Directors approved or not.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Are you aware that the Directors were opposed to the transfer of the patients?-Certain transfers were made, and there was no active opposition shown.

dix IV,

Dr. Ho KAI-And there was no approval?--They did not to my knowledge See Appen- oppose the removal. On the 6th November, 1895, there was a letter to the Colonial page Lu. Secretary about one CHAN KAM SING. That day I got a telephone message from Govern- ment House to transfer him to the Civil Hospital the same night; and on the same evening I got a letter from Mr. DEACON addressed to the Colonial Surgeon.

Mr. THOMSON-At whose instance was the letter written ?-I do not know.

See Appen- dix IV, page LII.

dix IV, page LIII.

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THE PRESIDENT-In consequence of that letter, what did you do ?-I saw you the following morning, and no removal took place.

Mr. THOMSON-Did the patient object to the removal or was it only the Directors? --The patient objected to being transferred. The man was suffering from a compound fracture of the left wrist accompanied by hemorrhage and a fracture of the right fore-arm.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Had you any conversation with the patient ?—Yes; through an interpreter I explained the desirability for the transfer. He did not agree to the removal. The interpreter goes round with me. If the patient had been willing to go, I would not have reported the case.

He continued in the Tung Wa Hospital ?—Yes.

What happened to him? Can you give us the history of the case ?-He was dis- charged on 7th January with a stiffened left wrist.

Dr. Ho KAI-There was a case where a man was taken to the Government Civil Hospital and an amputation made ?—Yes.

And I understand one of the Chinese newspapers sent a reporter to interview the man, who expressed his unwillingness to go to the Civil Hospital but was taken there by force ?-Yes. It was found necessary that in order to save the man's life his leg should be amputated. The man is still in the Hospital, and he tells us he is very grateful that he was taken to the Civil Hospital. He said he would sooner be alive with one leg than dead with two. The reporter did interview him, but it is difficult to say whether what was reported is really what the man stated. He is now convalescent.

That if a patient is in

THE PRESIDENT-I understand your point of view is this: the Tung Wa Hospital, and if in the opinion of the Colonial Surgeon his stay there is likely to endanger his life, he should be removed to the Civil Hospital even if the patient himself is unwilling ?-Yes. The patient is often not in a position to form a decision in the matter.

Since this case has there been any transfers from the Tung Wa Hospital to the Civil Hospital ?—No; except some that voluntarily requested to be transferred. There have been no surgical cases since then transferred by order of the Governor.

Have there been many cases in which the patients voluntarily asked to be removed? -Roughly speaking, about a dozen or so.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Since this case of opposition to the transfer, have there been any other cases which it would have been desirable to have transferred ?-Numbers of serious cases. I have reported them to the Governor. Some have died, and I have reported the deaths.

Have you any means to show how many cases have resulted in death which should See Appen have been transferred since that opposition ?--I have a note of two or three. I could give the exact number if I go through the records. There is a letter of 9th November, 1895, referring to the admission into the Tung Wa of three surgical cases—a gun- shot wound to the left arm, gangrene of the left leg, and a sloughing wound of the penis. The Committee would not allow them to be removed or the wounds to be dressed by me. I reported when the man suffering from gangrene died from septicœmia. On the 12th November, the Colonial Secretary asked me if the patients objected to be removed, and I replied that they wanted only Chinese doctors to attend them; that one case died on the previous day and another was very ill, and that unless the abscess was opened he would probably die. The man had an enormous abscess in the calf of the leg; a small incision-a prick even-would probably have saved his life, and they would not allow it to be done. He died on the 22nd November, 1895. I have reported every case of severe surgical injury where it has been a source of danger to the patient to remain there or where septicemia has developed after the patient has been taken to the native hospital.

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How many cases have occurred the transfer of which might have prolonged or saved life, and how many cases are there which by having been left in the Tung Wa Hospital were a source of danger to the surroundings?

Dr. HỌ KAI-I think we might take it as Dr. ATKINSON'S opinion that in nine- tenths of the surgical cases it would be better to transfer. In 99 cases out of 100 we admit, the transfer of these patients from the Tung Wa Hospital would give them a much better chance of recovery.

Mr. CHATER-We might have it from Dr. ATKINSON as his opinion.

THE PRESIDENT--Do you consider that nine-tenths of the surgical cases admitted to the Tung Wa Hospital would have been more successfully treated if removed to the Civil Hospital ?--Yes, many of them lose their lives by not being removed. They lose their lives by being treated in the Tung Wa Hospital. I will give a statement of all surgical cases treated in the Tung Wa during the last nine months. I cannot give the result in every case, because I do not see the patients when they are discharged.

Mr. CHATER-I think we left off rather abruptly at one point where Dr. ATKINSON said he had applied to the Governor for the transfer of certain people suffering from wounds from the Tung Wa Hospital to the Civil Hospital, and where he said he applied for an order and got a telephonic reply from Government House, but before he could carry out the transfer he received a lawyer's letter. I should like to know, after getting the lawyer's letter, what action he took ?-I reported the matter to the Colonial Secretary and was instructed not to transfer the case. Since then I have reported severe surgical cases to the Governor, but have received no reply.

THE PRESIDENT-The Governor has no legal power to order the removal of these patients under the Ordinance—nor has he any power to compel a man to go to any Hospital if he does not wish to go of his own accord.

Mr. CHATER-And in all these cases the patients refused themselves to be transfer- red, and it was not the Committee who refused to let them ?The patients all refused

to go.

Dr. Ho KAI-In all those cases where you got the Governor's orders did the patients refuse to transfer ?—Yes. I would not have reported the cases to the Governor unless the patients had objected.

Mr. THOMSON-The law of no country gives power to remove a man to hospital against his will.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-What is the answer to the question now? Did they refuse ?-- They must have objected otherwise I would not have written applying for the order of the Governor.

Mr. CHATER-Where there were cases of a similar nature and the patient did not object you have removed without the Governor's authority ?—Yes. The only reason why I wrote was because I wanted to know what should be done with severe surgical cases the treatment of which I saw was endangering the patient's life or chance of making a good recovery and the patient objected to be transferred.

THE PRESIDENT—It was after that you received the lawyer's letter?—Yes; and no more surgical cases were transferred after this unless the patients themselves were willing.

Mr. CHATER-Have you since removed cases of people who are doing well and who were willing to be removed?-Yes. There are not more than a dozen, but I can give you the exact numbers. I will give the results of all surgical cases so far as they are known to me.

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12)

Dr. Ho KAI-Is there any surgical case removed from the Tung Wa Hospital to the Civil Hospital which has done badly or died, after operation or before ?—I think there has been one that died. I am not certain, but I will let you know.

•

It may be matter of opinion, perhaps, but I should like to know whether Dr. ATKINSON does not think it would be an improvement if some one who could speak the native language were employed at the Tung Wa Hospital-one who could speak to these patients and tell them about the superiority of the European method of treating these cases; whether it would not be a good thing and lead to patients voluntarily submitting themselves to European treatment? I mean Chinese educated in European medicine. Would it not be a good thing for the Hospital? That is being done now, by Mr. U I KAI, my interpreter, who has been trained at the Chinese College of Medicine and at the Government Civil Hospital. The arrangement at present is that I visit the Hospital every morning with Mr. U I KAI, and see all cases which have come in during the previous twenty-four hours. I ask him to explain to the patients when I think it advisable that they should be transferred to the Government Civil Hospital, and ask whether they will consent to come in or not. If they consent, they come; but since the present Committee was appointed I cannot help thinking that the patients are influenced by some of the people in authority, because nearly every one of the surgical cases that I have recommended transfer to the Govern- ment Civil Hospital since the present Committee was appointed has refused to come into the Civil Hospital. The cases that have come in since the present Committee was appointed are almost all medical cases.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-When was the Committee appointed ?-In November, 1895.

Dr. Ho KAI-Do you think it would be better if U I KAI were not attached to the Civil Hospital, but attached to the Tung Wa Hospital entirely, so as to do away with the official character he may appear to bear at present. If he goes round with you he will be regarded by the patients and others as your mouthpiece, but if detached would it not disarm them of some of the prejudice shown towards the removal of patients to the Civil Hospital?—It might be an improvement, but it is dubious. He asks the patients there in his own language, and I do not suppose the patients know he has anything to do' with me.

But he goes round with you and the Directors know he is attached to the Civil Hospital ?-It might be better if I had a Chinaman who was not attached to the Civil Hospital.

I mean to suggest that a Chinese trained in Western medicine should be employed in the Tung Wa Hospital as one of their own doctors, because if he were to ask the patients to go to the Civil Hospital it would have more weight with them.-It would be of very slight importance.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-How many Chinese doctors are there in attendance daily at the Tung Wa Hospital ?-Some eight or nine; I do not know the exact number.

Mr. THOMSON-What recommendations do you make about the transfer of surgical cases ?-As we have not the right to transfer serious cases to the Government Civil Hospital, I think the only way to improve matters would be to appoint a European medical officer in charge of the Hospital, i.e., that the Hospital should be distinctly under the management and supervision of a European doctor, as is the case in the native hospital at Singapore. I have thought over the matter very carefully, and I do not know of any other step that would be satisfactory. If a Chinaman trained in European medicine were appointed in charge of the Tung Wa Hospital, he would not be in a sufficiently strong position to materially improve matters. The only thing is to appoint a European Medical Officer attached preferably to the Government Medical Department, and to let ✓ him have sole control as I have in the Government Civil Hospital.

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THE PRESIDENT-If such a medical officer was appointed, do you intend that he should treat patients entirely according to European methods, and that there should be no treatment in the hospital according to Chinese methods ?—That is so.

That being so, you would abolish the Tung Wa Hospital ?-Yes; and establish a pauper hospital under the Civil Medical Department in its place.

Your recommendation is that a European medical officer be placed in charge, and that the Tung Wa Hospital be changed from a Chinese into a European hospital?—Yes. Mr. THOMSON-Can you give us any idea as to the cost of running such an hospital on these lines ?--I cannot give you any idea of the cost at the present moment. I know a similar hospital exists in the Straits Settlements; it is called the Tung Tok Sing. The Colonial Secretary has particulars with regard to it.

dix IV,

THE PRESIDENT-I have the particulars, which will be circulated amongst the see Appen- members of the Commission. The next point in the correspondence refers to the page Liv. discharge of patients from the Tung Wa Hospital.

What were your reasons for making your recommendations regarding the discharge of patients ?-Because I thought patients were being discharged suffering from infectious diseases and other complaints, and that they were not in a fit state to leave the Hospital.

To what infectious diseases do you refer ?-I referred to some cases of typhoid fever especially.

Have you ever suspected that other cases of infectious disease have been discharged before being in a fit condition for discharge ?—I know of two cases of typhoid which have come under my own experience since April last, and there have also been cases of puerperal fever.

Are cases of small-pox taken to the Tung Wa Hospital ?-No; no cases of small-pox are admitted now. They were admitted up till April last, but that was stopped, and they are now sent to the Infectious Hospitals attached to the Medical Department.

Are there any infectious diseases taken to the Tung Wa Hospital which you recommend should not be admitted there? Have you drawn up a list of such diseases ?- I think I have written to the Government on that point.

WITNESS-I think it is preferable to have these diseases treated elsewhere, because I cannot tell whether they are fit to be discharged when they are sent out unless I see them. I think there are objections to infectious diseases being treated in the Tung Wa Hospital under the present management. I mean by that that I do not think the present management is sufficiently careful in dealing with the stools of typhoid patients, for instance, as we in the Government Civil Hospital.

A rule was made that you were to see all cases before they were discharged from the Tung Wa Hospital. Has that rule been observed ?-I received an order from the previous Committee that all patients should be seen by me before they were dis- charged. I saw them up to a certain date in November or December last, but since then they have been allowed to leave without my having seen them. The new Com- mittee did not observe this regulation, and patients are now discharged without my knowing whether they are in a fit state to be discharged or not.

Dr. Ho KAI-Can you mention some of those cases discharged before being fully recovered?

I am talking of cases not fully recovered ?—These two cases of typhoid were sent out before they had recovered. These are the only two cases that came under my notice.

See Appen- page LV.

dix IV,!

See Appen- dix IV, page LV.

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Do you know whether the patients themselves wanted to go out, or the doctors discharged them ?--I found they had been discharged. I inquired and found they had gone. I do not know why. I suppose because the patients or their relatives wished them to be discharged.

In a European hospital suppose a patient wants to leave, say, to go to a better 'climate, would you

allow him to go?-If suffering from infectious disease?

I am not talking of cases of infectious disease. I am talking of cases where the patients are not fully recovered.-You cannot detain them against their will, but you can point out that it will be better for them to remain.

Of course, I know no European doctor would allow an infectious case to go out because he is responsible for it, but in the case where a man is not fully recovered and wants to go somewhere else, or to go under another doctor, he is quite at liberty to go.

THE PRESIDENT-There is another point in your reports-the refusal to admit patients. You reported two cases in which the Tung Wa Hospital refused to take in patients, and it was found on inquiry that the doctors regarded the cases as incurable, and under the regulations they thought they were authorised to refuse to admit incurables?—One of these cases came into the Civil Hospital voluntarily, and he has since recovered, it was therefore not incurable. They refused to admit the man because the leg was rotten, and, as they said, incurable.

THE PRESIDENT-Was this patient's foot amputated ?-Partially; some dead bones were taken out.

So far as the Hospital was concerned it was incurable except by amputation, and they do not amputate in the Tung Wa Hospital.

I remember with regard to this that an attempt was being made to discover where sick people came from, and instructions were given to the Tung Wa Directors that they were not to admit patients without getting their addresses.-I think that referred to plague cases only. It was not to apply to other cases. It was because of their refusal to admit sick people that I inquired if they had power to refuse admission. One of the cases would not have been admitted had it not been for Police Constable MACKENZIE, who was on duty at the Hospital at the time.

THE PRESIDENT-I think it is only fair to the Directors to state that they had instructions that they must get the addresses of everybody who came to the Hospital. That order was given at the time of the plague, and some misunderstanding seems to have arisen with regard to it.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-By whom was it issued? By the Police?

THE PRESIDENT-At the instance of the Medical Department, I think, in order to trace cases of plague.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Was it issued by the Government to the Tung Wa Hospital to get particulars before admission ?

THE PRESIDENT-Yes.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Have destitute Chinese the right to claim admission into the Tung Wa Hospital ?-That is the point I wish to have made quite clear. The Hospital was established for the treatment of the indigent sick of the Chinese community, and it is said that a great number of cases have been refused admission ?-These two are the only cases I know of personally, but I believe many others have occurred, because a European constable was not always on duty there.

THE PRESIDENT-The Hospital is now visited by the Justices of the Peace in the same way as other hospitals, the Gaol, and other public institutions?—Yes.

((15)

Since you commenced to inspect the Hospital it has been the custom for you and the Registrar General to meet the Committee once a month, and several meetings have been held accordingly ?—Yes.

Certain suggestions have been made at these meetings; I should like to know to what extent they have been carried out. Certain structural alterations were to be made- the making of lavatories and receptacles for clothes ?-That has been carried out to a -certain extent, but they are not in use yet. Buildings have been erected, but they have not been fitted with baths or basins.

With regard to the receptacles for clothes-lockers and store rooms?—They have partially accomplished what we requested them to do.

In what respect?-One block has been supplied, and the other has not. One block has lavatories and latrines and store accommodation.

You suggested a uniform ?That has been adopted.

You suggested an improved type of night-soil buckets?—That has been introduced, but the buckets are not used properly.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Your recommendations have been only partially carried out. Have you drawn attention to that?-We have called the attention of the Committee to it at every meeting.

Has any reason been given by those responsible for not carrying out your suggestions?-None that I know of, but I think it was mainly on the ground of expense.

THE PRESIDENT-The lavatories have been constructed, but they have not been furnished with washing utensils, and you say one block has been fitted with lockers ?— They are not in use. The south block has been fitted.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Is the one fitted used ?—No.

THE PRESIDENT-I understand that Messrs. LEIGH and ORANGE have in hand the construction of buildings in the Hospital ?—Yes; many of the suggestions made at the monthly meetings are being attended to. Some have been partially completed and others have not been carried out at all.

Which are those that have received no attention ?—The supply of latrine and store accommodation to the north block. It is only the south block that has been attended to. In the north block there are about 62 persons. There was no lavatory accommoda- tion at the Hospital at all, and I drew the attention of the Government to this, and they consulted with the Committee, and the matter was referred to the architects. The Committee agreed to erect two buildings off each block for lavatories and stores, and that has been carried out so far as the south block is concerned.

Dr. Ho KAI-Is there room in the north block to build a lavatory ?-Yes, but they have objected to carry this out on various grounds.

Dr. Ho KAI-I believe they are asking for a grant for the building.

THE PRESIDENT-Have they white-washed the walls ?-Yes, they always do that. Bed pans were recommended; have they been adopted ?—No.

THE PRESIDENT-I believe it is now a practice at the Tung Wa for patients to be received in a receiving ward before being distributed amongst the general wards, and for the Colonial Surgeon to see all patients and diagnose the cases before they are distributed among the general wards ?--Yes; he sees all patients who are admitted and diagnoses their diseases as far as it is possible to do so.

When was that commenced ?-I cannot say when. It was before I came back, after the plague epidemic in 1894. I found the practice in existence. There has been no attempt to evade the rule. I have no ground for thinking that the rule has been evaded.

( 16 )

Dr. Ho KAI-How many Chinese patients have you as a general rule in the Civil Hospital?—I should say we have between 50 and 60, roughly speaking.

Are those there voluntarily or are they brought in by the Police ?-Some are brought in by the Police; some come of their own accord, and some are Chinese lukongs.

Have you room for more ?-Our accommodation is limited, we have had to refuse a great many Chinese because we have not had room.

They all come in free, of course ?--No; cases of surgical injuries come in from the docks, and from ships, and they pay 50 cents per day. Only destitutes are treated free and Police cases.

Suppose Chinese were to come to the Civil Hospital and wanted to be treated, and said they could not pay, would you receive them?-Certainly; I should not send any away, provided we had accommodation for them and they were ill.

And Europeans have a right to send their Chinese servants there now without paying. Would you receive them without charging?--That is done frequently. Lately there have been many more Chinese patients coming to the Hospital, and we had to open another ward. I can give you the statistics for the last few years..

THE PRESIDENT-Would it be possible for the Civil Hospital, as at present con- structed, to receive the cases that go to the Tung Wa Hospital?--No.

Dr. Ho KAI-Suppose you built another block as large as the Civil Hospital you could receive all the Chinese patients that are daily received in the Tung Wa Hospital? Could you fill the wards?--Yes. I think you would find the Chinese would come voluntarily if they knew there was no Tung Wa Hospital. In the cases that do come to the Civil Hospital the patients after a short time appear to be very glad they have come. They think at first they will be treated badly, and after they go away they bring other cases to the Hospital. The pauper hospital at Singapore is open to all nationalities, but 95 per cent. of the patients are Chinese, and no opposition is shown there to European treatment. There is nothing like the Tung Wa Hospital at Singapore. There was a scheme some time ago to establish one, but it came to nothing.

THE PRESIDENT-Do you not think the geographical position of Singapore, as com- pared with that of Hongkong, may have something to do with the question ?—I do not think so.

Dr. Ho KAI-The position of Hongkong is peculiar here. You are so near to China that you have fresh arrivals every day, and they are not all so accustomed to European medicine as the Chinese at Singapore, who go there and stay there for many months and years.

Mr. THOMSON-In Singapore they can afford to popularise European medicine, because the numbers of Chinese are limited there, whereas in Hongkong we cannot afford to keep all the Chinese of the Kwangtung Province in European medicines, and they would flock here if they knew these medicines could be had free.

Dr. Ho KAI-Chinese medicines cost quite as much as European.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-The expenditure attending the endeavour to popularise European medicine amongst the Chinese would be enormous?

Dr. Ho KAI-Is it not better that the Government should vote, say, $10,000 to spread a knowledge of European medicines and for the detection of infectious diseases than to have the port declared infected and trade hampered every now and then?

WITNESS-If joined to the Government Civil Hospital and increased equal to the present accommodation, it need not be so expensive. Dr. LowSON recommended that

(17)

the present Tung Wa Hospital should be used simply as a dead-house, and that a pauper hospital should be constructed either attached to the Government Civil Hospital or away from it.

THE PRESIDENT-Are you of opinion that the Tung Wa Hospital should be abolished?--From a medical point of view, I think it should be. They have failed to carry out the object and purposes of the Ordinance, viz., the proper treatment of the indigent sick amongst the Chinese population. I do not think patients there are properly treated if they are allowed to die without receiving adequate medical attendance.

They are not properly treated from a Western standpoint ?--From a British stand- point according to Western methods.

Dr. Ho KAI-Proper treatment as mentioned in the Ordinance cannot mean Western methods seeing that this was established as a Chinese hospital.

Mr. THOMSON-It is perfectly well known that the Tung Wa was to be a Chinese hospital, and that the patients were to be treated according to Chinese methods.

WITNESS-Under section 16 of Ordinance No. 3, 1870, the Governor has power, if the Committee fail to carry out the objects of the Ordinance, to deal with the Hospital.

THE PRESIDENT--The object is clearly shown by the correspondence dealing with the history of the Hospital. It was to establish a Chinese hospital in which Chinese methods should be used, and in which the patients should be treated in a humane manner according to Chinese notions.

Dr. Ho KAI--The only thing complained of now is that they do not carry it on under Western notions.

WITNESS--I do not think it would be allowed to be carried on in this manner in any other Colony.

THE PRESIDENT--Is there any other Colony the situation of which is similar to that of Hongkong ?-There is Jamaica with a large native population.

Do you mean to compare the situation of Jamaica with that of Hongkong ?-It is a British Colony, and the treatment in the hospitals there is entirely under European medical men.

Mr. THOMSON--They do not have a floating population there of many thousands a year such as we have.

Dr. Ho KAI--Besides the non-treatment of patients according to European methods and the non-use of European medicines, is there anything else to complain of in regard to the Tung Wa Hospital, such as cleanliness, attendance, and humanity shown to the dying ?--I think it is grossly mismanaged. There is a want of cleanliness. The clothing is dirty; they have not a large enough staff and cannot keep the place clean. No doctor seems to be regularly on duty. When I go there I cannot find who has authority and who is on duty. I complain of the general mismanagement, and say that patients run risks in going there from mal-treatment.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--How many medical practitioners are there attached to the Hospital? -There are either eight or nine.

Are they on duty continuously?-We cannot find out. We asked at the monthly meetings for a list of the staff and could not get it.

Is there a certain number on day duty and a certain number on night duty?-I could not find out these particulars.

Dr. Ho KAI--So far as I know there are only attendants and no doctors on duty at night.

ピ

( 18 )

Mr. THOMSON-The doctors seem to come and go as they like from what I have seen of the place.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-To go back to the speech of the Governor when the Hospital was opened, he said very clearly that the destitute would have the right to be admitted to the Hospital, and that the Committee had undertaken the care and responsibility of giving shelter to those who applied for admission without charge. Who has the deciding of the refusal to admit any destitute applicant?-That is what I cannot under- stand. Sometimes they call a Chinese doctor and sometimes they do not. There does not seem to be any system in the place whatever.

And that is your experience after repeated calls at the Tung Wa Hospital ?--Yes.

Have you made any recommendations or suggestions on this point in the minute book of the Hospital or otherwise?—The whole question was referred to at the monthly meetings with the staff. I wanted to have a list of the staff-all those on duty, and I have stated that there was not enough of attendants.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-And no improvement has been apparent ?--Practically none. the receiving ward they have engaged an extra man; that is the only alteration made in the wards.

In the receiving ward do the medical attendants appear who are in charge ?—-- There is a Chinese attendant, not a doctor. I think he is more akin to a boy, such as we have at the Civil Hospital. I thought it was too much for one attendant, and they appointed two.

Does it rest with him to admit or refuse ?-There is a man who sits in a chair at the gate. I do not know his position. During the day-time a doctor is called to see the applicant, but during the night-time I do not think he does, from what I have been informed.

Have you any idea how similar matters are dealt with in Mauritius? There is a large population there ?-I have no knowledge of Mauritius.

Dr. Ho KAI-How do they do in India? Surely there are towns and places in India somewhat analogous to Hongkong with regard to native population ?—I do not think they have any native hospitals.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-So far as my experience of several years' residence in India goes, I think there is nothing except hospitals under European supervision. They are all, I believe, superintended by Europeans. There are no similar institutions to the Tung Wa in India so far as I know.

WITNESS-I do not think there is an Institution like the Tung Wa Hospital in other British Colony.

The Commission adjourned till Friday, 13th March, at 2.30 p.m.

any

( 19 )

Meeting held on Friday, March 13th, 1896.

Present:-Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary (President).

Honourable A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Honourable Dr. Ho KAI.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD.

Mr. R. K. LEIGH, Mem. Inst. C.E.

THE PRESIDENT-You are a member of the firm of Messrs. LEIGH and ORANGE, Civil Engineers?--Yes.

The Tung Wa Hospital authorities have recently been employing your services with a view to making certain alterations in and additions to the Hospital?—Yes.

dix v.

You have written to the Government four letters dated 8th November, 13th See Appen- November, 21st November, 1895, and 14th January, 1896 ?-Yes. I have written other letters, but these four are the most important.

With regard to the improvements that have been made, can you inform the Commission what has been done with regard to latrines, &c.?-The ward running North and South has had lavatory, clothing, and store accommodation attached both to the ground and the upper floors, in accordance with Dr. ATKINSON's original idea. The plans have been seen by him. The term latrine has been used, but I ought to explain that this place was never intended for a latrine but for the reception of night-soil boxes. Previously they were allowed to remain in the wards, and the idea was that if a patient could go to this place he should go, but if too ill the utensil was to be used in the ward and taken there afterwards. It is for the patient's use only and for the storage of the night-soil boxes. There is a lavatory on the other side, and a store fitted with a number of bunkers where the patients' clothing is numbered and kept. They have not commenced to use these places yet. Similar additions were to have been made for the block running East and West, and the original plan was approved of by Dr. ATKINSON; but it was thought better to keep the verandahs open all round to give more light and air to the ward, and the Com- mittee suggested building a detached block which you will see mentioned in some of See Appen- the letters and shown on another plan. This change was approved of by Dr. ATKINSON, and then the new Committee wanted another alteration.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-For what use was this new detached block intended?

WITNESS-Exactly the same as the other; one compartment for a lavatory, one for night-soil boxes, and the other for linen, bedding, and clothes store.

Mr. CHATER-That was because they did not want to block up the verandahs ?--- Yes. The arrangement for the ward running North and South does not block up the verandah, because it is built out into a garden; but in the East and West ward there is no room at the side, only at the Po Yan Street end. The new Committee suggested putting a bridge across connecting the two wards so that the new building to the North and South ward could be used by both blocks. All the divisions in the wards have been taken out, and improvements made in the internal arrangements of the Hospital itself. I think a distinct block of lavatories, linen stores, and night-soil box-room is necessary for each ward.

Mr. THOMSON--Do you think the latest proposal of the Committee is good enough --that the present new building is sufficient for the two blocks?

dix v.

See Appen. dix v.

(Letter of 21st November read.)

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WITNESS-The Committee is of opinion that the one block is amply sufficient for the requirements of the two wards.

The PRESIDENT-Do you think it would be ample ?--I must confess I think it would be better to have another block as originally proposed on Po Yan Street side or somewhere else.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-What expense would another block necessitate ?

WITNESS-As Shown on this first plan all these different things were agreed to by the original Committee; the contracts were signed, drawings made and the work partially carried out, and it was only on the change of Committee that some of the work was stopped.

What would be the cost of the new detached block-a separate wing?

WITNESS-Roughly speaking it would cost two thousand dollars. Perhaps not so much. $8,000 was the contract for the whole of the alterations-a new mortuary, coffin store, watchman's house, laundry, latrine and the two blocks attached to the wards. such as I have described, and entirely new drainage of the premises. I should think the cost of the remaining block would be $1,500. ·

The PRESIDENT-Would it be preferable to have the extra block instead of carrying out the proposal of joining the two wards by a bridge ?-Well, it is rather far for a patient to go, and also looking at it from a medical point of view it would be preferable, especially if they want to keep different diseases separate. Besides the upper ward of one block is a female ward, and the men from the other ward could not go past the female ward. I must say a separate block for each ward would be better.

What other work have you carried out in the Hospital ?—The entire re-drainage is practically completed.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-What was the state of the drainage before?-It was bad.. Under the old system of combined drainage the rain water and sewage were together and the drains were in a very bad condition. When completed the drainage will be in very good order. The new drainage is on the separate system. It has been inspected by Mr. CROOK, except one or two minor things not yet completed. The new laundry is com- pleted, and passed, and in use. It is a good big building, comprising three large tanks and a boiler and proper places for washing. It necessitated an alteration in a flight of steps. The new approach leading up to the top plateau is completed; it leads to the new mortuary, the new waiting room for mourners, coffin store and watchman's house. These are all completed. These new works have all been completed since July, 1895. The only portion of the contract not carried out is the block attached to the East and West ward and a latrine, involving an expense of $1,500 for the block and $500 or $600 for the latrine,

How much has already been expended ?—About $6,000 leaving $2,000 not yet expended. There is also a new water tank. The old water supply came in and was distributed in small brick tanks throughout the buildings. It was insanitary because buckets possibly not over-clean might be dipped into the tanks. A covered brick in cement tank, 10 feet by 10 feet by 8 feet, has been constructed, giving an ample supply to the Hospital for 24 hours. It is completed and the water laid on to it, and from that the old system of pipes has been connected up and taps will be fixed at different points. All the old tanks still remain. Under the old system every place had a small tank or barrel, and when there was an intermittent supply the water had to be stored there. But now that there is a storage tank these separate tanks ought to be abolished, because the people in the Hospital might still go there and dip in a bucket or some other utensil which may not be very clean. I think it would be better to have taps all through the place seeing they have a tank capable of holding an ample supply for the 24 hours. That would make the drainage and water supply complete and sanitary. The tank is on a piece of ground obtained from the Government on the side of the hill.

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On sanitary grounds it, would be quite satisfactory to have the water conveyed in taps ?—Yes.

THE PRESIDENT-In addition to the structural alterations carried out under your supervision, are there any other alterations you think should be carried out with a view to improve the Hospital?—I have been asked before as to providing additional accommoda- tion. These two wards in themselves-the two original wards-are as good as you can wish for in any hospital. They are well built, well lighted, well ventilated.

You have been frequently through the Hospital. Is it kept in a good condition? -The Hospital has always been kept clean. I speak from sixteen years' experience of it. The drainage was insanitary before, but now it is in perfect order. (Letter of See Appen- 14th January read.) The estimated cost for these extra wards is $20,000.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Are these two extra wards essentially necessary?

THE PRESIDENT—That is a question we will have to go into. We ought to ascertain whether patients are turned away for want of accommodation. The Colonial Surgeon has reported that the wards are overcrowded, but inquiries should be made whether the overcrowding is temporary or continuous.

WITNESS--Dr. ATKINSON also complained of insufficient accommodation for the attendants. They used to sleep in the wards, many of them. We have built over the laundry outside the original contract. This will accommodate a considerable number of persons, and there is no reason why the old mortuary building and coffin store should not be turned into attendants' accommodation.

Mr. THOMSON--Will the Chinamen sleep there?--They used to sleep on the top of the coffins when it was used as a coffin store. You will see from these plans there is a square occupied by the old small-pox wards. I believe the patients have been removed from there, and it is prohibited from being used in future. I believe these wards have been used since for patients, not small-pox patients, and are being used still. They are certainly not buildings suitable for sick persons. I think the patients there are mostly persons suffering from lung diseases. The wards are built in the form of rows of small cubicles with only one door and no window, and when the doors are shut they are quite dark. They could not be modified or improved. There are six rows of them, and every other row is a basement, and would not be allowed to be occupied even by healthy persons under the Public Health Ordinance.

Dr. Ho KAI--What recommendation would you make?--If they want further accommodation there is room and I made a rough plan some time ago when asked by the old Committee before the contract was signed in 1895 showing two new wards on the site of the old small-pox wards. These are the two wards mentioned in the letter of 14th January. They would cost $20,000, and would accommodate 64 persons. is the only place they have for the future extension of the Tung Wa Hospital. If they want more accommodation there is room, and they can build either one or two wards.

You said there was a latrine not built, and a detached block required. In your opinion, is it necessary in order to make the sanitary arrangements of the Hospital com- plete that that detached block and latrine should be built?—I do; leaving out of the question the old small-pox wards. I am of opinion that these small-pox wards should not be used for sick people in their present state. The latrine you speak of is meant for all the attendants. It is on another site, but Dr. ATKINSON objected to it because it was next the inspection ward. Dr. ATKINSON thought it best to put it on the site shown on the plan, but that does not meet the wishes of the present Committee at all.

dix v.

See Appen- dix vi.

Ibid.

( 22 )

Mr. HUGH MCCALLUM, Secretary to the Sanitary Board.

The PRESIDENT-Mr. MCCALLUM, you are Secretary of the Sanitary Board ?—Yes.

And during your residence in Hongkong, which extends over seventeen years, you have had from time to time to visit the Tung Wa Hospital?—Yes.

On the 4th April, 1895, you received a letter from the Colonial Secretary instructing you to make a surprise visit to the Hospital ?—I remember receiving that letter. I reported on the 8th April the results of my surprise visit. Since then I have written a memorandum on the subject of the Tung Wa Hospital.

The PRESIDENT--Judging from these reports, I understand you are of opinion that excretal matter should be removed by water from the Hospital ?---Certainly.

And you recommend the introduction of that system into the Tung Wa Hospital ?-- Certainly.

And the abolition of the present system of ordinary hand-carriage ?--Yes.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--This could be done by carrying pipes from the tank in the Hospital?--Simply by erecting proper water-closets.

What expense might that incur ?--I cannot give you even an approximate estimate; it would not be a heavy expense.

Mr. THOMSON-The present system is the same as in any house in the Colony?-- Yes; storing it in out-houses.

How would the dry system suit the Hospital?--It is a big undertaking.

Dr. Ho KAI-The old lavatory or latrines could be used?--Converted into water- closets--certainly.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--In these new additions there are no water-closets; they are simply lavatories. There is no urinal or water-closets?--No.

Mr. THOMSON-I think the dry earth system is an excellent one.

Dr. Ho KAI-I agree with Mr. MCCALLUM that the water-closet system should be introduced.

THE PRESIDENT-What about warming the wards. What is your experience of that? They have only a small fire place at each end of the ward. If they had a proper stove in the middle it would be sufficient, and the heat would be more evenly distributed.

With regard to verandahs, you are aware, of course, that the Tung Wa Hospital, in addition to treating the sick, has accommodated male destitutes ?-Yes, and they have made use of the verandahs.

Has any action been taken in regard to that recently?—Yes; I think notice has been served upon the Committee prohibiting them from using the verandahs. I served three notices, one to comply with certain bye-laws in connection with the removal of excretal matter, one prohibiting the use of certain basements for the reception of patients, and the other I am not sure about.

The Tung Wa Committee have written to the Registrar General, asking that no more male destitutes should be sent to the Hospital, because notice has been served upon them not to make use of these verandahs. Upon what grounds is the use of the verandahs prohibited ?-It is undesirable to have people going in there beside other people suffering from infectious diseases. It might spread the disease throughout the Colony.

( 23 )

So that under this order the Tung Wa Hospital is not to be allowed to take care of male destitutes ?-No; it only says the verandahs are not to be used for sleeping purposes. Unless they have some other building, it practically means that they cannot receive destitutes. The order was made under Ordinance 24 of 1887, but I should like to refer to my papers. I will refer to them and let you know the grounds upon which the notice has been served.

With regard to the small-pox wards, you think they are not desirable quarters ?— That is so, inasmuch as they are built up against a bank for five or six feet, the building must necessarily be a damp one.

•

But, at the same time, you think a Chinaman would be more comfortable there than in many of the tenement houses in Hongkong ?-Certainly, but that part wants improvement to fit it to be used as part of the Hospital. For storage purposes it would be quite sufficient, but for housing sick people it ought to be improved.

Is it your opinion that the Hospital is in a sanitary condition, or is there anything in connection with it which you think insanitary, and which should be remedied ?—They are remedying the bulk of the things that were in an insanitary condition. There may be more points which, if I were going over the Hospital carefully, would occur to me as requiring improvement. Generally speaking, after what is now being carried out has been completed, it will be in a very fair sanitary condition.

Dr. Ho KAI-You are aware of the improvements made during the last nine months under Mr. LEIGH's superintendence?—I know what they were carrying out. (Letters read dated 8th April, 1895, and 18th January, 1896.) I know what was being See Appen- carried out then, and the works must be nearly completed by this time.

If all these works have been carried out the Hospital will be in a sanitary condition? In a fair sanitary condition. There may be small points requiring attention.

THE PRESIDENT-Is there anything you can suggest in the way of improvement beyond what you have referred to in your reports ?-Outside what I have dealt with in the reports I do not know of anything.

Speaking from your experience of the Colony, do you think it would be a good thing to continue the Hospital ?--If it is not to be continued, what is to be substituted in its stead, may I ask?

Could you suggest the substitution of anything in its place. It has been suggested that the Tung Wa should be abolished and that a wing for Chinese should be added to the Government Civil Hospital, or that a hospital, conducted on Western principles, should be substituted for the present Tung Wa Hospital ?-I do not think the Chinese would go willingly to such an hospital.

Mr. THOMSON-And have you any idea what the extra expenditure would be?- No, one would require to sit down and calculate it very carefully.

$100,000 at least ?—Yes, I should think so.

THE PRESIDENT-You do not think it would be a popular institution ?—No; I am convinced it would not be. In time the Chinese might be educated up to it.

And what do you think would be the result of the abolition of the Tung Wa Hospital ?-Probably you would have dead-houses re-established, and these were a great public scandal in this place before the Tung Wa was established.

The patients would prefer to die in their houses rather than go to the Civil Hospital ?—In a great many instances, yes. The Tung Wa Hospital is as much a place for the reception of people expecting to die very soon as it is for curing the sick.

dix

( 24 )

Until the Chinese have been educated into a liking for Western medicine you consider the Tung Wa should remain ?-Or some institution such as the Chinese. would not have an objection to go to.

Mr. THOMSON-It is preferable to have an institution like the Tung Wa to which the Chinese can go to and die, so that we may be able to ascertain the cause of death ?- Yes.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-What are the best means of educating the Chinese in favour of Western medicine and medical appliances ?-Utilize the students from the Aliee Memorial Hospital.

At the Tung Wa Hospital?-I would be disposed to have them all over the city, subsidized by the Government and controlled to a certain extent by the Government.

Have any

of the students from the Alice Memorial Hospital or any other hospital started practising Western medicine in the Colony up to the present?—I cannot answer that question.

Or any of the students that have passed at the Chinese College of Medicine ?—I ✓ cannot tell you if any are in practice in the Colony.

THE PRESIDENT-Your idea is to establish dispensaries throughout the city under the control of these students for the treatment of out-patients?—I should make it a rule that they should see the person before death or the body after death, and then give a certificate that in their opinion death resulted from such and such a disease.

Mr. THOMSON-Who is to be compelled to give the certificate ?-No person should be buried without a certificate as in our own country.

The majority of the people in Hongkong have nobody to look after them ?—Well, the keeper of the lodging-house would have to get the death certificate.

I suppose he would have to pay a fee for it ?—It would depend whether these students received such an allowance from the Government that they would have to give

the certificate free.

Suppose it was free, how much would it cost the Colony ?-I believe these young men would be willing to receive $40 per month, and then they might get fees from the people they attend.

How many would be required for the Colony ?--About a dozen would do. That would cost from $4,000 to $5,000 a year.

Dr. Ho KAI-That question has been gone into before ?--I have written reports on the subject. I will send these reports to

consider it necessary. you if you

Mr. WHITEHEAD-You have no personal knowledge as to the working of the Tung Wa Hospital?-The inside administration of the Hospital, no. I do not know how the patients are treated there.

And the Sanitary Board have nothing to do with the Tung Wa in the matter of details of that description ?-So far as the Board is concerned, the Tung Wa is just the same as any house in the Colony.

( 25 )

Meeting held on Friday, April 10th, 1896.

Present:-Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary (President).

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Honourable Dr. Ho KAI.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD.

Absent:-Honourable A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

KU FAI-SHAN, of the Pó Lung Hong, and Chairman of the Tung Wa Committee for 1896.

Mr. CHATER-What I particularly wanted to know from this witness has been explained to us by Dr. Ho KAI and Mr. THOMSON, who visited the Hospital and ascertained exactly what was done with the patients when they are taken into the Tung Wa Hospital. Perhaps you would be good enough to put some questions to this witness on the point?

THE PRESIDENT-Supposing a sick man is taken to the Hospital what steps should be taken with regard to him?-The doctor on duty for the day receives the case.

There may

be four or five doctors in the Hospital and there are four or five tickets put in a box and the sick man is told to draw one of these tickets, and then the doctor whose name is on the ticket he draws attends to the man at once and examines him to see what disease he is suffering from.

Mr. CHATER-Then virtually the patient draws for the doctor who is to attend to him?—Yes.

What is the next step ?--The doctor makes out a prescription for medical tea, and one of the attendants prepares the tea at once and gives it to the man. He is then carried into the receiving ward and placed on a bed. Dr. ATKINSON comes that night or the next day and examines the patient, and if he says it is not a case of plague then the patient is sent to one of the large wards.

And the patient is looked after day after day by his own doctor?—Yes, but if after a day or two the man does not get better we ask him if he would like another doctor, and if he expresses a desire to be treated by another doctor then we ask another doctor to see him.

Is the patient put on any special diet ?-He is given rice morning and evening as usual, but vegetables or meat are given to him according to the doctor's orders.

Is the diet for all patients alike?-They all eat the same rice, but may have different vegetables or fish according to the doctor's prescription.

Dr. Ho KAI-Don't you give them congee?—Yes, if they cannot take rice. Some- times they get Chinese sweet potato or other diet according to the doctor's orders.

Mr. CHATER-After this change of doctors, what happens supposing a patient continues ill?—If that doctor is not suitable perhaps the patient is changed again to a third doctor; but if the patient does not choose to change his doctor the doctor is not changed. We (the Managing Committee) do not dare to change the doctor if the patient does not wish him to be changed.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Can the patient have as many changes as he likes?—Yes.

Mr. CHATER-When the patient gets well and leaves the Hospital is his name entered in a book ?—Yes.

Are these doctors qualified in any Chinese way for administering medicine?

( 26 )

THE PRESIDENT-What we wish to know is how the doctors are selected for the Tung Wa Hospital. Who recommends them?-Letters of recommendation are given by me or anybody else stating the man's character and ability.

Mr. CHATER-Have they no actual qualification as doctors ?-We see a man's recommendation and invite him to the Hospital, and we give him a text to write upon. He is asked to write upon a certain disease, and we see if he can describe it or not.

Dr. Ho KAI-What the witness means is they give the man a subject for a medical thesis.

THE PRESIDENT-Who decides if it is properly written?-The doctors in the Hos- pital say if it is properly done. The doctor is then asked to come to the Hospital, and he is employed on trial for a month without any salary.

Mr. CHATER-What pay do the doctors get ?-If a doctor on trial cures the sick people and everything is right about him, we consult together and he is engaged at a salary of 20 taels a month. Even if he stays for ten years there is no change in his salary. His food is provided for him, and he lives in the Hospital.

Are these men selected from the Chinese community of Hongkong or are they invited to come from any institution or college in Canton ?-Very few come from Hongkong; most of them come from Canton and the country round about.

Do you know if any of these doctors have had a regular education in medicine? -They learn to be doctors by reading books, and other doctors teach them.

Are there regular Chinese books on medicine?--Yes.

How many doctors are there in the. Tung Wa Hospital?--Four permanent doctors -all on the same salary, and there is another doctor there on trial for a month.

THE PRESIDENT--Five is the complement ?--We had six last year because there were so many patients.

And

Mr. CHATER--There is a book in which the patient's name is entered when he is brought to the Hospital. When he is discharged is that also entered in the book?--Yes.

suppose the patient is unfortunate and dies, is that also recorded ?--Yes.

Dr. Io KAI--About these doctors, is it not usual to engage them for three months and then to renew the appointment for another three months?—Yes; if a doctor is found unsuitable he is not re-engaged.

Mr. CHATER-How long have the present doctors been there ?-Two have been there about three or four years.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--Is there any medical college in Canton or anywhere in China where men are trained according to the Chinese methods of medicine?—So far as I know there is not one where people are taken in and taught.

Dr. Ho KAI-But each medical man may take in pupils himself?—Yes, a man may follow a doctor and learn from him.

Some of the Chinese doctors to your knowledge never engage as apprentices, but simply read the medical books and put up a signboard ?--Probably there may be occasionally a case of a man learning simply from the books.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-There is no such system in China as in other countries where a medical practitioner gets a diploma from a Board or College?—No; there is no such thing as a diploma.

As regards making a change in the Hospital how would it suit the ideas of the Chinese to have a Chinese doctor in the Tung Wa Hospital who had been trained in Western medicine ?-I am not a doctor and I cannot say.

( 27 )

Have you talked the matter over with the other members of the Committee?-- We have spoken about it.

Would you yourself be in favour of such a change?-When this Hospital was started it was said to be for the healing of Chinese according to Chinese methods.

That I understand. What I want to know is this, whether it would be possible or practicable to make the change I have suggested. Would you consider it desirable to make such a change?-Whether it is right or not depends upon you. If you want it, then we would not dare to say anything about it.

What are your own views about this proposed change? Would you be at all disposed to favour giving the change a fair trial?-Well, Chinese healing is carried on at the Hospital now, and if a man were introduced to practise Western medicine one doctor might say the case ought to be treated in one way while the other doctor might wish to treat it in another, and that would lead to disputes.

THE PRESIDENT-Suppose a patient was allowed to choose whether he would be treated by a Chinese doctor who practises Chinese medicine or by a Chinese doctor trained in Western methods, would that not get over the difficulty?—The Hospital then would be changed. It would become a hospital for treatment according to Chinese and Western methods.

But does that not overcome your difficulty?—At present a patient is sometimes asked if he would prefer to remain in the Tung Wa Hospital or would like to be taken to the Civil Hospital.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Would you not be willing to have a Chinese doctor with a knowledge of European medicine in the Tung Wa Hospital, so that the patient, if he so desired it, might be treated in the Tung Wa Hospital?-Our Committee would have a difficulty about that because the patients would not come to be cured, and money would not be subscribed if the change were made.

Dr. Ho KAI-Is it not a fact that you pay $15 a month to Mr. U I-KAI, who is educated in Western medicine ?-U I-KAI was appointed when Mr. Lo CHI-T'IN was Chairman of the Tung Wa Hospital Committee.

Is he still employed there ?--Yes.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Does his presence lead to any trouble ?-He does not attend to the sick patients; he attends to the register.

THE PRESIDENT-Have the numbers of patients fallen off in the Hospital since Mr. U I-KAI was appointed ?-No.

Mr. CHATER-Is it all Chinese medicine that is given to the patients in the Tung Wa Hospital?—Yes; there are no European medicines at all.

THE PRESIDENT-Is not quinine used ?-Perhaps it is; I have not made inquiries about it.

Mr. CHATER-Is Mr. U I-KAI's name put into the box from which the patient draws the ticket with the name of the doctor who is to attend to him?-No.

Is the patient ever asked whether he would like European treatment or Chinese treatment?—Not particularly when he enters. When I go round the wards sometimes I ask a patient whether he prefers Chinese or Western doctors, and if he prefers a Western doctor then he is taken away. He is not asked when he comes in.

Do you know of your own knowledge whether any patients have asked to be treated by Western methods in preference to Chinese ?—It is not put in that

way, but if they like to go to the Government Civil Hospital then they can go.

Then he is never asked?—It is not put to him in that way. If a man says "I would like to go to the Government Civil Hospital," then he is sent there.

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Then what is the use of having Mr. U I-KAI there?

THE PRESIDENT-I will explain that. He practically belongs to the Government Civil Hospital, but in addition to his work there he does duty at the Tung Wa Hospital in connection with the registration of deaths. He helps to give proper returns of the causes of death in the Tung Wa Hospital. Formerly the Government depended entirely upon the Chinese doctors for the returns of the cause of death, but the information once given by the Chinese doctors is now obtained by Mr. U I-KAI. He forwards the returns of deaths in the Hospital to the Registrar General after they have been supervised by the Colonial Surgeon, who visits the Hospital daily. Mr. U I-KAI assists the Colonial Surgeon in performing his duties at the Tung Wa Hospital, and does not belong to the staff of the Tung Wa Hospital proper, though the Hospital pays him $15 a month.

Dr. Ho KAI-If a Chinese doctor educated and trained in Western methods were put into the Hospital and arrangements were made that he should be permitted to treat a patient according to Western methods if the patient desired it and the Directors per- mitted it, but with no power to forcibly treat any patient according to Western methods, would there be any objection to that-this European-trained native doctor to give general assistance as required and to keep the register of deaths ?—If you say we must have one who is learned in Western methods then it is all right. We should not like to disobey any instructions, but the Hospital is supported by the Chinese public and they might withdraw their support. If you gentlemen all say it is desirable to have a doctor trained in Western methods it would be difficult for us to say it is not desirable.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-But would it not be well to leave it in the option of the patient to say whether he wishes to be treated according to Chinese or according to Western methods ?--If you gentlemen were to give an order that it should be done, we would like it recorded in the book as one of the new rules of the Hospital, so that we might avoid having any trouble with the Chinese public. The Directors would not like to have the same treatment accorded them as was accorded Mr. LAU WAI-CH'ÜN during the plague when he had his chair overturned and was pelted with stones.

He was Chairman of the Hospital Committee at that time. We Directors would get the blame if any new rule were introduced such as you propose. We would not dare to make the innovation ourselves.

Would and

you your co-Directors be disposed to support such a recommendation ?

Dr. HO KAI-He says no, but if the Government gives the order it will be done.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-If the Government proposed to instal into the Tung Wa Hospital a European to supervise and control the working of the Hospital, how would the Committee and the supporters of the Hospital-those who contribute the money to maintain it-view the change ?-Nobody would dare to become a Director, and very few subscriptions would be given.

The PRESIDENT-With regard to the renting of the house property belonging to the Tung Wa Hospital, what steps do the Directors take to see that they get the best possible rents? They do the same as other people do. The rent is not increased in the case of an old tenant. Suppose the rent was $10 before and a new man comes in it might be raised to $15, but if the old tenant remains the rent is not raised.

Do you, as Chairman of the Tung Wa Hospital Committee, consider you get a fair and equitable return from your property ?-The rents are not too low.

The Tung Wa Hospital has always taken care of male destitutes ?—Yes.

Recently a notice was served upon you by the Sanitary Board asking you not to house destitutes on the verandahs of the Hospital ?—Yes.

And now you have no room for those destitutes ?-No.

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THE PRESIDENT informed the Witness that on the recommendation of the Com- mittee, His Excellency the Governor had agreed to make a grant of $3,000 to enable the Hospital Committee to erect a house for the accommodation of destitutes, provided the Hospital Committee agreed to look after the destitutes, as hitherto.

In answer to questions, Witness stated that sometimes there were 100 to 120 destitutes at the Hospital and sometimes very few. The Committee looked after these destitutes and provided them with passages to their homes, but they found it very difficult to use the funds of the Hospital for this purpose.

THE PRESIDENT-But you have always used the funds of the Hospital for that purpose? Yes.

If the destitutes become more numerous it will be a question for the Government whether they should not give a further grant in aid of this work, but if it goes on as at present I suppose the Hospital will have no objection to continue the good work it has carried on hitherto ?-There has not been enough money for the expenses of the Hospital for the last two years.

Dr. Ho KAI-Is the Hospital in debt?-The sum of $5,900 was expended by Mr. LAU WAI-CH'ÜN when he was Chairman of the Committee on account of plague expenses, and when Mr. Lo CHI-T'IN was Chairman $1,700 was overpaid, making a total of $7,600.

And I think this year during your term of office you have had to make certain sanitary alterations in the buildings of the Hospital?—Yes; the first improvement cost $8,400. I will furnish a return of the total cost of the improvements.

Mr. CHATER-Where did you get that money?-We took it from the balance of the benevolent fund raised for the sufferers from famine and flood throughout China. The money was collected from the Chinese community. The Tung Wa Hospital hold it as Trustees. There was a balance of about $9,000, but the balance made over to me is only about $2,000, because $7,000 had been borrowed from it.

And how is the money raised every year that is subscribed for the Tung Wa Hospital?-By annual donations from firms and individuals in the Colony and its neighbourhood, and money is contributed from Australia and California.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-During your term of office how many cases have been removed by the order of the Government from the Tung Wa to the Civil Hospital?-Fourteen ; three came back again to the Tung Wa Hospital.

Was it agreeable to these fourteen patients that they should be moved, or were they moved from the Tung Wa Hospital to the Government Hospital by order of the Govern- ment and against their own will ?—There were three removed who were unwilling- LI LEUNG, CHAU KAM SING and SHING SING.

THE PRESIDENT-Besides these three do you know of any other cases of patients having been removed to the Government Civil Hospital against their own wishes ?— No, there were none besides these; the others were willing to go. Occasionally people ask us to take them over to the Government Civil Hospital.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Were the Committee of the Tung Wa Hospital opposed to the removal of the three men who were unwilling to be removed to the Civil Hospital?—If the patients were not willing to go, the Committee did not dare to say they should not go.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Does the Government now order any patients to be removed from the Tung Wa Hospital to the Government Civil Hospital?-One or two are taken over occasionally by the Government. These are patients who are willing to go, but we Directors are not always there, and patients who are uncertain about being removed are taken to the Government Civil Hospital. We are told that they are willing to go, and we do not see them before they are removed.

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Mr. WHITEHEAD-Are you aware that the Committee of the Tung Wa Hospital caused a lawyer's letter to be addressed to the Government intimating to the Government that the Committee were opposed to the forcible removal of patients from the Tung Wa Hospital to the Government Civil Hospital?—Yes.

Did the Committee unanimously request this letter to be written?-The Directors were all there consulting about the matter in the Hospital. It was stated that Dr. ATKINSON Wanted CHAU KAM SING removed, and we went in and asked him "Do you wish to go there or not?" And he said "I am not willing to go."

What was the patient suffering from ?-His wrists were injured at the Sugar Works, and he could not move his hands. He was not taken away.

Did he recover ?-Yes; he went and advertised in the papers giving thanks to the doctors in the Tung Wa Hospital and the attendants in the Hospital.

THE PRESIDENT-Was he quite cured when he left?--He could work the same as before. It was the action of the Tung Wa Committee which prevented his removal to the Civil Hospital.

THE PRESIDENT-You instructed the lawyer to write a letter ?-It was the Com- mittee who had the letter written; I was there as Chairman.

Dr. Ho KAI-How do you propose to pay off the debt of the Hospital?-The Government has $34,000 in the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank, and we would like the Government to repay the money out of that.

AU KI-NÁM, clerk to the Tung Wa Hospital.

THE PRESIDENT-How many years have you been employed at the Tung Wa Hospital ?-Over eleven years.

Are there any doctors in the Hospital who were there when you went there ?—No.

How long have the doctors at present in the Hospital been there?—Probably about five years. They are constantly changing; they are engaged for three months only at a time.

You are in charge of the books of the Hospital?-Besides my place there is a register room.

;

Mr. WHITEHEAD-If a payment has to be made by the Tung Wa Committee by whom is the order signed? Who issues it ?-There is a monthly balance the "chop" is affixed in the counting room. I used to hold the "chop," but now it is kept by a man named WONG. WONG is the man who attends to the money matters.

THE PRESIDENT-But there are three of the Directors specially appointed as treasurers ?-There are three who pay out the money; they are responsible. No pay- ments can be made without their order.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Where is the account of the Tung Wa kept-in a bank or otherwise ?-Both in English and Chinese banks.

How many patients, male and female, are there in the Hospital at the present time ?-100 males and 19 females.

Dr. Ho KAI-Are those as many as the wards will accommodate ?-There is accommodation for about 112 without the old small-pox wards. Some of the patients at present are in these wards.

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You have one doctor by the name of TUNG in the Hospital?-Yes.

Was he not a student of the Tung Wa Hospital ?--Yes.

Some years ago the Tung Wa Hospital taught students there?—Yes, but there

are none now.

Why? Because the buildings used for these students have been given up to the Pó Léung Kuk. The system of training students was dropped before the buildings were given over to the Pó Léung Kuk. I think seven students were turned out as doctors by the Tung Wa Hospital.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-What pay do the doctors receive?-Twenty taels a month.

How do you account for so many changes taking place amongst the doctors ?--- Their letter of engagement is for three months only.

Do doctors make more money practising outside than they would in the Hospital ?— Sometimes they do not choose to stay, and sometimes the Directors see they are not of very great ability in curing diseases.

THE PRESIDENT-Where do they buy their medicines ?-They buy raw material from the druggists and we prepare it ourselves.

Where do they buy their pills ?-We prepare them ourselves.

Do you not know something about pills ?-No.

Have you not got a pill shop of your own ?—No, I have nothing to do with any pill shop.

Dr. Ho KAI-The doctors of the Tung Wa Hospital have private practice, have they not?—Yes.

Dr. Ho KAI-That disposes of the idea that the doctors make more money outside in private practice than they would in the Hospital, and that that is the cause for the constant change.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-What is the highest number of patients you have known to be in Hospital at one time ?--There have been as many as 160.

THE PRESIDENT-Have patients increased within the last year or two as compared with previous years ?—The numbers are increasing.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-I should like a statement from the clerk showing us the average number of patients in the Hospital for each month during the past four or five years, if it can be obtained.

THE PRESIDENT-Would the total number in each year for the last four or five years be sufficient, or do you want monthly returns?

Mr. WHITEHEAD-The total number in each year would be sufficient.

THE PRESIDENT-I can obtain that from the Government records. I will have

a return for five years prepared.

The Committee adjourned till Saturday, the 18th April, at 2.30 p.m.

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Meeting held on Saturday, 18th April, 1896.

Present:-Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary (President).

Honourable A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Honourable Dr. Ho KAI.

Honourable T. H. WHITtehead.

years.

Mr. WEI A YUK, Compradore of the Mercantile Bank.

THE PRESIDENT-How long have you been resident in the Colony?-Forty-seven

I believe you have lived all that time in the Colony with the exception of a few years you spent in England ?—I spent six years in England.

Do you know anything of the Tung Wa Hospital?-I was twice Chairman of the Tung Wa Hospital Committee, and I was well acquainted with the general management during that period.

There has been a suggestion made that it would be a good thing to have a Chinese doctor trained in Western medicine placed in the Tung Wa Hospital who would look after the registration work. Do you think that would be a good thing?—Yes, if he does not interfere with the management of the Hospital, and does not interfere with the method of curing unless asked specially by a patient.

Do you think an arrangement of that kind would work harmoniously ?-With tact and time I think it would, but the Chinese are greatly prejudiced against European methods. The arrangement you suggest would work if the man you put in charge of the registration was very cautious.

Mr. THOMSON-This man would require to see every case brought into the Hospital so that he could report any cases of infectious diseases ?—Yes.

THE PRESIDENT-Then you think the Receiving Ward ought to be continued as at present ?-It does not do any harm.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Is a Receiving Ward in use now?-Yes; it is a new ward separated from the General Ward, and when a patient is brought to the Hospital, no matter what disease he is suffering from, he is placed in this ward until the doctor comes to examine him. If it is a case of plague, the patient is sent to the Kennedy Town Hospital.

And the doctor in charge is Chinese?—At present, no. The Colonial Surgeon sees all the patients that are brought in. What I should like to know is whether in the working of the Hospital you are to continue to have the Colonial Surgeon going there to inspect the patients?

THE PRESIDENT-Under the Tung Wa Hospital Ordinance the Colonial Surgeon has power to inspect the Hospital. Do I understand from you that in your opinion it would be sufficient to continue this ward with a Chinese trained in Western science in charge of it, instead of having a European doctor there at all?—Yes.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-But under that arrangement one doctor would require to be in charge of the ward for twenty-four hours on end?—It would be a great convenience instead of the present system to keep all these patients in the Receiving Ward for the twelve hours until the doctor came to see them.

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But I am afraid one such medical man trained in Western medical science would not be sufficient to do the work for a whole day ?-The work is very simple, to examine the patients and if he finds a patient suffering from plague he gives the order and the man is sent to the Kennedy Town Hospital. He has nothing to do with the treatment of the patients, and I think one man would be ample for the work.

Is the Tung Wa Hospital being carried on now as it was in years gone by when you were Chairman ?—I think not.

What are the differences ?-When we took charge of the Hospital we simply went by the regulations, and there was no interference from the Colonial Surgeon; but at the present time European doctors continually come and go, and they give orders in regard to patients before the Chinese doctors in the Hospital or the Directors have had a chance of hearing what the patient has to say, and I have heard of worse complaints from the Directors. A man has been placed there who is not a doctor or a nurse-he might be a policeman or a sailor from the Sailors' Home-and whenever a patient is sent into the Hospital this man has more to say than the doctors.

Is the man there now ?--The other day when I visited the Hospital with Dr. EITEL we wanted to turn up the books, and this man said "You cannot see these books." Dr. EITEL replied that he must see them, and the policeman said he was put there to prevent anyone seeing the books and that he would have to report Dr. EITEL. If he would do that with Dr. EITEL, a European gentleman, you can imagine how much worse he would be with the Chinese.

THE PRESIDENT-The object of having a policeman there whilst plague exists in the Colony is to enable the Sanitary Board to ascertain the houses from which plague-stricken patients come. Directly a patient is brought to the Hospital this Constable communicates with the Police or institutes enquiries in order to find out where the patient comes from. During the plague epidemic of 1894 a good deal of trouble was experienced in obtaining the addresses of people suffering from plague.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Has this officer been on duty continuously since 1894 ?

THE PRESIDENT-No. I am not sure whether a similar officer was on duty in 1895. Authority for employing such an officer was again obtained a few months ago.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-The Sanitary Board obtained permission from the Government?

THE PRESIDENT-Yes, they obtained a man from the Police. The object is to discover where plague patients come from.

WITNESS-The man on duty there is not only looking after plague patients but every one who is taken into the Hospital.

THE PRESIDENT-It is outside his province to interfere with everybody.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-But how is he to find out whether these are plague patients unless he examines them?

THE PRESIDENT-The Chinese doctors are there. He has not the necessary qualifications.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Has this man any knowledge of Chinese? Is there anybody in the Hospital who can converse with this man?—There might be one or two who speak English; I am not sure.

THE PRESIDENT-Is there anybody attached to the Hospital who can interpret fluently?-No.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-If the Government asked the Tung Wa Hospital to be allowed to employ a European doctor permanently in the Tung Wa Hospital who might offer

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his services to those patients who wanted him, would there be any objection on the part of the Tung Wa Committee ?-It is not for the Committee to say, but for the majority of the community.

How do you expect the Chinese community would take to it ?—They would not take to it well. From my experience I should say they would stop their subscriptions.

Is a Chinese who understood European medicine more likely to be acceptable to the community?—Yes, it might be tried to see how the public would take to it. If tact and judgment were exercised it might succeed. If the community take it well there would be no difficulty about the subscriptions. The change, at any rate, might be introduced gradually and with caution.

Mr. CHATER-Do you think the whole of the subscriptions would cease supposing a European doctor were placed in charge of the Tung Wa Hospital?-I cannot say all would cease at once.

I mean although there would be the usual Tung Wa Committee elected and in charge just the same as at present, the only exception being that a European doctor instead of Chinese practised in the Hospital?-I think in such a case the subscriptions would cease. The promoters of the Hospital laid down the principle that Chinese treatment was to be accorded to the patients and thus induce the community to come forward with their subscriptions.

The Witness then read the following extracts from the Tung Wa Hospital regula- tions:-

Only Chinese doctors are engaged in this Hospital. If any patient desires to enter the Government Civil Hospital, this Hospital will apply to the Colonial Surgeon on his behalf, and if the application is approved the patient will be sent there for

treatment.

Regulations Governing Doctors.

Because Chinese customs are not the same as Western customs, the treatment of patients in the Hospital will be entirely in the hands of Chinese doctors.

THE PRESIDENT-With respect to these two extracts, the Chinese community regards the Tung Wa Hospital as a Chinese hospital ?--Yes.

Do you think if a European doctor were permanently placed in charge any committee could be induced to serve ?--I think there would be great difficulty in getting a committee. If you want to have a European doctor in the Hospital, you might as well send the patients to the Government Civil Hospital. It is a case of different races, and the Chinese have different ideas from the Europeans in regard to curing diseases. It is not so much the different medicines; it is the beliefs of the people.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-But to introduce the change such as I have suggested, of having Chinese doctors who had studied Western medicine, would not entail the same friction as employing European doctors is likely to produce?--I think if you employ European doctors in a Chinese hospital it will not work at all. It is my own belief that it cannot work well. The Chinese would be afraid.

Dr. Ho KAI-How about the language; a patient could not communicate direct with a European doctor ?—Yes, that is another objection. I do believe that unless the man has been a medical student it would be impossible for him to interpret to the doctor the symptoms of the patient. There are so many different terms in medicine, and if you introduce missionary doctors the Chinese will think that you are going to convert them to Christianity.

་

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During your term of office you had some surgical cases coming into the Hospital ?— We had one or two which were sent to the Civil Hospital or the Alice Memorial Hospital.

If a patient comes in with a surgical complaint and wishes to have a Western doctor to attend him do you send for a European doctor ?—Yes, we ask the patient whom he would prefer. When I was a Director we had no objection when the patient selected a European doctor.

There was a case of a coolie working at some rice godowns, who sustained a fractured leg and was taken to the Tung Wa Hospital, and afterwards removed to the Government Civil Hospital and had his leg taken off. Have you heard of that case?—Yes; I was told a European doctor came and had a look at his leg and ordered him to be sent up to the Government Civil Hospital, and before the relatives or the Tung Wa Directors could interfere the man's leg was amputated. The man's relatives and children go frequently to the Hospital now and give trouble to the Directors and say they had no right to amputate the man's leg without his consent and that he could not get his living to support his family.

Mr. THOMSON-I understand the man himself is pleased ?—I do not know that.

In answer to Dr. Ho KAI, Witness stated that occasionally lepers were sent down to the Tung Wa Hospital from the Police Station.

THE PRESIDENT-I do not think that is the case now; lepers are invariably sent to Canton.

WITNESS-I know of two cases that were sent down during my term of office and we had great difficulty in getting rid of them. Occasionally the Police sent poor people down to the Hospital to be fed and also people with incurable diseases.

THE PRESIDENT-There is a rule that no incurable person can be admitted, and the Committee of the Tung Wa Hospital have refused to take in cases which the doctors said were incurable. It is laid down in the rules of the Hospital that no leper, no blind person, and no one suffering from an incurable disease is to be admitted. I myself have several times addressed queries to the Hospital Committee, asking why they have refused to take in cases, and the reply has been that the person was regarded as incurable. Mr. WHITEHEAD-Are you aware whether before the year 1894, when plague was raging, the Government ever removed any patients from the Tung Wa Hospital to the Civil Hospital ?-By request of the patient or the Directors, yes, but not by order of the Colonial Surgeon.

Mr. Ho AMEI, Secretary of the On Tai Insurance Company.

THE PRESIDENT-You were on one occasion Chairman of the Tung Wa Hospital Committee?-Yes, about ten years ago.

Perhaps you are aware that this Commission has been appointed to inquire into the Hospital, and it was thought that you having had experience of it would be able to give us some information. Is the Hospital, so far as you are aware, carried on now in the same manner as when you were Chairman ?—I think it is with the exception that it is at present subjected to the supervision of the Colonial Surgeon and the Committee has not a free hand in the management of its own affairs as heretofore.

I do not know whether you are aware that a suggestion has been made that it might facilitate matters if a Chinese trained in Western medicine were appointed to look after the register of deaths, and, if requested, to give treatment to the patients.

WITNESS-How requested?

Dr. Ho KAI-If the Chinese Directors requested him?

•

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WITNESS-I do not think it is desirable to have any foreign practitioner in the Hospital. This is purely a Chinese hospital. When it was proposed to establish a hospital, meetings of the Chinese were held, and after consultation with Mr. LISTER, who was then Registrar General, the scheme was submitted to the Government, and it was agreed, with the approval of the Secretary of State, that everything in the Hospital should be Chinese, that the Chinese were to be treated by Chinese doctors and Chinese medicines, and that no interference was to take place by the Government except to look after the cleanliness of the Institution. It has been carried on for twenty-five years now, and has given satisfaction to the Chinese public. That is the reason why there are so many people ready to subscribe to it. Some people have been asking why there are so many deaths in the Hospital. They forget that the people who go to this Hos- pital are mostly coolies who go there at the last moment when suffering from disease in order that they may be buried decently.

THE PRESIDENT-One of the chief objects of the Hospital was to make it a place for the reception of patients at the point of death? Yes, but not altogether; that accounts for the large mortality.

I understand you are not in favour of any person who has been trained in Western medical science being appointed to the Hospital?—I am not in favour of such an appointment.

If that is not done how would you propose that the Government should be furnished with correct reports of the deaths in the Hospital?—I understand the records are sub- mitted to the Registrar General daily and monthly. The causes of death are reported and translated in the Registrar General's Office.

But these are the causes as given by the Chinese doctors?—Yes.

Supposing these are not considered reliable by those responsible for the public health ?—Then if the Government is not pleased the matter is in the hands of the Government to do as they like. The Tung Wa Hospital has been well conducted for twenty-five years, and I do not see why we should have anything introduced now to interfere with the management of the Institution. We depend for the maintenance of the Hospital upon the subscriptions from the Chinese, and if any change is made these subscriptions will cease.

If the return of deaths made by the doctors of the Tung Wa Hospital be not considered satisfactory the steps that should be taken to remedy this should in your opinion be left entirely to the Government?-If the Government thinks that, I do not think the Directors have anything to say.

Do you think that if a Chinese trained in Western methods were appointed to the Hospital for the purpose of giving correct death returns that would have

any

effect upon the subscriptions?-If it is only to do that, without interfering with the treatment of the patients, I do not know exactly whether it would affect the subscriptions; but if his duty is entirely for that purpose how could he ascertain the cause of death? If the Chinese doctors said it was one thing and the Western doctor said it was another there would be a difference of opinion and how could you make up your returns?

Mr. THOMSON-The Chinese doctor need not know what the other doctor reports; it would be sent direct to the Government.

WITNESS-Then the Hospital would not have to report at all except through this man ?-Yes.

Dr. Ho KAI-The man does not treat the patient, but only sets down what he diagnoses as the cause of death. When a patient dies he will examine the patient. He will report to the Government and will certify, independent of the Hospital authorities, that the patient has died of such and such a disease, but you understand he has nothing to do with the treatment of the patient?-I think it is very queer for one man to treat a patient and another man to report upon the cause of death.

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THE PRESIDENT-As is well known the Chinese have objections to being treated by a Western doctor, but do you undersand that notwithstanding this objection it might be necessary in the interests of the public health to obtain reliable information as to the cause of death ?—So far as I am concerned I have no objection; it remains with the public to say whether they agree to the Government proposals.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-What effect do you think it would have upon the Chinese community ?-So far as I have heard, they would object; I have heard objections on every hand.

Mr. THOMSON-Objections to a doctor trained in Western medicine or to the returns?—Yes; the Tung Wa doctors have reported every day.

THE PRESIDENT-It is not a question of reporting; it is a question of correct reports? We say ours are correct reports.

Mr. THOMSON-The Government cannot place reliance upon the report of a Chinese doctor. Well, if that is so let the Government put a man there.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-How would the Chinese view the appointment of a European medical doctor in the Hospital?-That would never do.

Why?-The thing is this: it is a purely Chinese hospital. It has been organised and conducted for these last twenty-five years as a Chinese hospital, and it was established for the Chinese at the beginning.

The Government would not force this European doctor upon the patients; he would be there and the patients would have the opportunity of availing themselves of his services if they wished to do so.-There are plenty of Chinese going to the Alice Memorial Hospital now? We never stop them from going to foreign hospitals if they wish, but whenever a man comes to the Tung Wa Hospital it shows that he wishes to be treated by Chinese. If we admit a doctor trained in Western medicine it will be no longer a purely Chinese hospital; it will be a hospital where patients are treated in both ways, Chinese and Western. I do not see why a man should be treated by Chinese methods and then seen by a European doctor.

Would there be so much objection to the appointment of a Chinese trained in Western medicine ?-It would be just the same, because he is not treating the patients in Chinese fashion.

Have not patients been found in the Tung Wa Hospital who were anxious to be treated by European doctors ?-There was never such a case in my time.

Do you know that since your time there have been some who wished to be treated by a European doctor ?—No; if we want to send them to the Government Civil Hospital, they will not go.

Supposing a patient was suffering from a severe fracture of his arm or leg, and that his life might be saved by his arm or leg being amputated, there is no surgical know- ledge amongst the Chinese doctors which would enable them to perform the amputation. Would the Committee of the Tung Wa Hospital prefer to see a man die rather than have a portion of his leg or his arm amputated ?--I know Chinese doctors have no knowledge of Western surgery, but any Chinese fracture or wound that has come to the Hospital has always been put all right without any amputation. I sprained my leg once, and the doctor gave me a poultice and I was cured.

But if a bone were broken ?-They patch it up very quickly without breaking. It is very curious, but they use herbs. One of JARDINE MATHESON'S men fell down three storeys and fractured one of his legs. There were only one or two foreign doctors here at the time, but the man refused to be treated by them, and he went over to Macao, was treated by a Chinese doctor, and came back here cured and was able to carry water up

( 38 )

to the third storey. The late Mr. CH'AN SUI-NÁM, one of the promoters of the Tung Wa Hospital, who had his shoulder bone broken by falling from a horse, was also cured by one of the Chinese doctors without the necessity of amputation.

Mr. THOMSON-There was never any case of gangrene, that is, of mortification setting in, at the Tung Wa Hospital?—No.

Then you have been

have been very lucky.

very lucky.

Supposing it was to set in, what would you do ?-Go to the surgical department and you will find plenty of people there, and I do not think you will find one out of one hundred who would be willing to go to the Government Civil Hospital.

The Commission adjourned till Thursday, 23rd April, at four o'clock.

Meeting held on Thursday, 23rd April, 1896.

Present:-Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary (President).

Honourable A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

Honourable Dr. Ho KAI.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHead.

Absent:--Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Dr. J. A. LowSON, Assistant Surgeon in the Government Medical Department.

THE PRESIDENT--Are you acquainted with the Tung Wa Hospital?--I am-to a considerable extent.

How long have you been acquainted with it ?--Up to 1894 my acquaintance with it was practically confined to visits out of curiosity, and to see patients there whom I had heard about. When the plague began in 1894 I visited the Hospital very frequently, probably every two days, sometimes two or three times a day. In 1895, after Dr AYRES and Dr. ATKINSON took up the visiting of the Hospital, I did not go there quite so often, but I have been very frequently from the beginning of the plague up to the present time.

Have you noticed any change in the Hospital since the time you first went there? -Yes; I consider that it is now in a better condition; it could not have been in a worse.

In what direction was it very bad?-From a purely professional point of view -medical and surgical-and also from a sanitary point of view. Apart from absolute sanitation, I consider the place was a danger to the public health.

You say from a purely professional point of view, medical and surgical; you mean, I presume, that the patients were treated according to Chinese methods ?--I do not know if the way patients were treated before was quite in accordance with the proper Chinese methods, but taken in conjunction with the insanitary state of the place it was something awful. Chinese hospitals elsewhere that I have seen were very much better than the Tung Wa Hospital. From a medical and surgical point of view, the treatment of the patients was very bad indeed.

Mr. THOMSON-That is judged from a Western point of view?—Yes.

THE PRESIDENT-In what respects do you consider it insanitary ?-It was insanitary on account of overcrowding, filth, absolute want of all cleaning processes, and one might include the danger of spreading disease from patient to patient from the filthy condition of the patients in the place.

With regard to overcrowding, do you refer to overcrowding of the patients?— I do.

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Do you refer to 1894 or any special period ?--I refer to 1891, 1892, 1893, when I made my chance visits to the Hospital.

Latterly, have you seen overcrowding ?--I do not know if I could give a special date, but I know that on several occasions when I have been there since the present improvements were introduced the wards where the sick are have been overcrowded.

Dr. Ho KAI-Can you give any example of any ward?--I have seen a ward on the left-hand side going past the doctor's house with from 25 to 28 patients and even over 30. I do not know the measurements of the ward.

THE PRESIDENT-What made you think the ward was overcrowded?-The num- ber of patients to the floor space and air space; granting the ordinary space required by a patient in a tropical place like Hongkong the patient did not get the amount of space he should have had.

With regard to filth, where did you notice that?-In every ward and outside every ward.

Dr. Ho KAI--Was it on the floor ?--Yes; on the walls, bedding, clothing, and the cubicles when they were there.

THE PRESIDENT--Do you consider that the same state of things exists now ?—No; the cubicles are not there now, and it is very much cleaner; in fact the Hospital is fairly clean now.

So that your remarks as to the filth apply to a former state of things?-They do; the Hospital might be cleaner even yet, especially the clothes of the patients, outside the wards, the verandahs, and the lobbies. The walls are not so bad now because they get a periodical white-wash.

Do you consider the Hospital is in a fair sanitary condition?--I do not think there is enough light or enough air. Generally speaking, there is not enough air space.

If a sanitary expert stated that the Hospital was in a fair sanitary condition would you consider that statement correct or not ?—I cannot give you an answer to that until I know who the so-called expert is.

Do you consider it is in a fair sanitary condition ?-Taking medical considerations into account, I do not think it is. There are wards where the patients are suffering from blood poisoning of every description where they are a distinct danger to every- body in the Hospital suffering from open wounds.

Which are these wards?--I have not been there every week, but I speak more especially of the surgical ward.

How many cases of that description have you seen there ?--I should say over a hundred during the last two years.

How do they constitute a danger to other patients in the ward ?—Through contaminating the air and spreading infection.

Have you traced any infection from any of these cases ?-I have seen half-a-dozen patients there with healthy wounds who have contracted blood poisoning in the wards. I have seen a man who was suffering from septicemia take off his plaster and give it to a man in the next bed to him, and that man has died.

How many cases would you say have come under your own observation?-I could not say, perhaps 15 or 20.

Can you give us dates approximately when you saw these cases ?-During most of 1894. I have seen them during 1895 since the present cleaning has gone on.

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The Colonial Surgeon visits this Hospital, does he not?-I know he visits the Hospital, but I do not know what he does there. I have visited it occasionally on my

own account.

During his daily visits to the Hospital would he be likely to see these hundreds of cases of septicemia and blood-poisoning ?—I do not know that he goes through all the wards now daily. In fact he does not.

No.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-These hundred cases you spoke of did not occur all at once ?--

THE PRESIDENT-Do you know the system in vogue at the Hospital just now? -I have an idea. The Colonial Surgeon goes through and takes a casual look round. He cannot examine every case; he goes to the receiving ward and sees cases that have come in during the last twenty-four hours and the dead bodies in the mortuary. If there is anything he could see in a second then he is supposed to see it, but it is impossible for a man to hunt round the Hospital every day and see every case. I do not know from my own knowledge what he does there.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Have you sent in to the Government any reports from time to time on the state of affairs in the Tung Wa Hospital ?--I sent in a report at the time. of the plague, and I have sent in one or two special minutes in the visiting surgeon's book. I have not been in authority at the Tung Wa Hospital.

Can you refer us to these minutes ?--The Government has them.

I mean any of your special reports, not the one on the plague ?--There was one which the Government thought it better to keep out.

(THE PRESIDENT at this point left the meeting to get a copy of the report referred to.)

Dr. Ho KAI-You do not know that the drainage of the Hospital has been re-laid under the superintendence of a European engineer ?--I know that there was practically no drainage before that.

Have you paid any attention to the drainage recently ?--It is possibly too soon to criticise the drains there. The last time I was there, there were some horrid smells.

Dr: HO KAI-That is a common complaint throughout the Colony.

(THE PRESIDENT, having returned, read the following extract from Dr. Lowson's, "Report on the Epidemic of Bubonic Plague in 1894," which extract by order of the Government was omitted from, and not published in, Dr. Lowson's report accompany- ing his letter dated Hongkong 1st March, 1895):-

THE TUNG WA HOSPITAL.

In a report on the Plague to the Government written by myself on the 17th May, 1894, the following paragraph appeared

Dangerous Ground.

A Sanitary and Medical view of the Tung Wa Hospital.

"The question of dealing with the Tung Wa Hospital must now be seriously considered. I cannot denounce this hot-bed of medical and sanitary vice in sufficiently strong terms. I venture to say that if the question of allowing this to remain was to be submitted to the Public Health Authorities at hone they would order its immediate abolition. Here I know that a political element enters into the question, but I doubt if those who have supported it most would do so now if they knew what a Dis- grace and Danger to the Public Health of Hongkong it is.”

After an even more intimate knowledge of this place I can now only reiterate what I then said.

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Lately a great deal of discussion has taken place concerning a special kind of fever, which is supposed to be a feature of the building in question; and various methods have been suggested for trying to find out its peculiar characteristics. There need be no mystery about it as there is no new disease to be discovered, and in the majority of cases it is ordinary Septicemia and nothing else, which has led to the mortality returns including so many deaths from "simple continued fever." I do not believe a single medical man could be found to uphold its existence as a hospital, one of the curiosities of Hongkong to medical visitors having always been the Tung Wa Hospital. The native Chinese hospitals I have seen in other places are generally far superior to the one which is now permitted to remain in the middle of a densely populated part of Hongkong. Matters have improved lately to a great extent, but still they are bad enough.

As a remedy I would suggest the following:--If it is absolutely necessary to have a dead (and dying) house in the city then allow the Tung Wa Hospital to be a receiving house for all sick persons. Patients who are moribund may be allowed to die there; but all who can be moved should be sent at once to some hospital outside the city, which should be under European supervision. Such a place as the Old Cattle Depôt, for example, could be made into a model Chinese hospital at comparatively small expense. Overcrowding in the city is being legislated for, but, so far, overcrowding in the Tung Wa Hospital has never been considered. Scavenging in the city has been provided for, but no step in this direction has been taken for the Tung Wa, though it would take a large army of scavengers, with an efficient man in charge, to keep it clean.

The visiting medical officers cannot be expected to do this themselves; and one and all of them during the last six months are unanimous in their opinion upon this subject. There is a curious custom in Hongkong of giving Chinese hospitals notice of intended visits of inspection by officials, and it is a perfect study to watch results. A place that is, under ordinary circumstances, a perfect abomination of filth, is, by the use of a large staff of coolies, transformed for the time being into what might be termed "passable" by the ordinary visitor. A slight examination by an observant person, however, usually reveals a lot of the dirt and rubbish hidden away under the beds, or secreted in some box or other receptacle, and presently, after inspection is over, the old order returns. Tung Wa Septicemia" will soon become a stock phrase in Hongkong; it has already become so in the medical circles where most is known about it.

It is difficult to speak calmly on this subject, and to the authorities at home it must seem incredible that the state of affairs is such as I have far-from-fully described. If the Government are to recognise a hospital where Chinese quackery is to have full play as regards treatment, then it is all the more essential that responsible men should be appointed to supervise it with full power to prevent what is closely allied to malpraxis. I have had a good deal to do with the Chinaman when in hospital, and can state that when once he has had a slight experience of Western medicine he is generally, if not always, desirous of remaining under civilized treatment.

During the epidemic several semi-political questions cropped up, one of the most important being that of the removal of patients to Chinese territory. The method of burial with quicklime which was practised here is not approved of by the Chinese, and this was the principal reason upon which they based their desire for the removal of natives suffering from plague from the hospitals in Hongkong.

When removals to Canton from the Glassworks Hospital were first sanctioned, it was understood that a great number of patients wanted to be removed thence. When asked by us, out of over 220 patients only 7 wished to go. Of the former number I considered about 130 to be in a fit condition to be asked the question, and these answered with a fairly clear judgment. Of the 7 who wished to go only 3 were actually suffer- ing from plague, the remainder being their attendants. On the following morning at 11 o'clock of the 220 whose wishes had been consulted 70 were dead, 112 wanted to go to Canton, whilst the others were too ill to be able to formulate an opinion.

•

(42)

When removals to Lai-Chi-Kok were sanctioned, nearly 350 were asked whether they wanted to go, but not one wished to be removed at the first time of asking, i.e., on admission, and as the result of the enquiry being several times repeated subsequently only 13 altogether were transferred to that place. The experiences of those removed to Canton were too well known by the patients, it being a most significant fact that after the first four junks with patients left for Canton not a single patient could be persuaded to leave for that city.

In the Slaughter House Hospital one afternoon, when 65 patients were asked if they would like to go to the British Hospital, 58 expressed their desire to go- on the following day only 4 of these actually did so.

On the 4th August, when we were arranging with Mr. WEI YUK to remove all the patients in the Slaughter House Hospital to Kennedytown all the patients there Those expressed their extreme desire to be removed to Kennedytown Hospital. remaining on the 10th August were so removed. The "extreme desire" was due to the fact that the Chinese had had enough of hospital work.

Chinese patients treated in British hospitals refused point blank to be removed anywhere until fit to be discharged, and in most instances it was a difficult matter to get rid of them when discharged. All this goes to prove that the patients were simply bullied by those in charge of the Chinese hospitals, and that all the noise about removals to Canton and Lai-Chi-Kok was made by outsiders.

Without entering into further personal experiences-and not to relate many similar instances, which Surgeon-Major JAMES, Surgeon PENNY, Dr. W. J. C. Lowson, and Dr. J. F. MOLYNEUX have mentioned to me-I have no hesitation in saying that a great deal, if not all, of the opposition and difficulty, which was experienced during the epidemic, was directly caused by those in authority-Chinese doctors (?) and influential natives at the Tung Wa Hospital; and by the neglect to promulgate the ordinary dictates of Public Health, attention to which has made many parts of India, and other Colonies, what they are to-day. It was this same Chinese opposition which almost led to riot on several occasions during the latter end of May, and during the early part of June; and which was at the bottom of many personal insults and threats that compelled the medical men occupied in plague work-who had to bear the brunt of Chinese dislike and intrigue-to carry loaded revolvers in their pockets when they reached the excited neighbourhood of the Tung Wa Hospital.

The mortality statistics of the Tung Wa Hospital have also given rise to a good deal of discussion, but here rather a want of knowledge of the circumstances under which the Hospital is conducted has been displayed. An absolutely correct return of deaths will never be got unless post mortem examinations are made in many cases, and I don't suppose that these will be allowed. Not only this but in trying to get a definite diagnosis of fever cases it is possible to go too far. Every careful physician knows the difficulty of distinguishing typhoid fever from other fevers, especially malarial, and this difficulty is intensified when the cases can only be seen once or twice at most, or when the case is moribund on admission.

The proposal to place some of the students of the Chinese School of Medicine in the Tung Wa to improve the preparation of the mortality statistics is a bad one, and would not improbably lead to a sense of false security. Where it is difficult for an experienced European doctor to make a correct diagnosis it would be scarcely fair to ask a semi-educated Chinaman to do so; and the result would be that causes of death would be given, but possibly not the right causes; and the new state of affairs would be worse than the old, in fact, an exemplification of the saying that "a little knowledge is a dangerous thing."

The only remedy is to sweep the place away except as a receiving ward for dead bodies and for persons in a moribund condition, and to have another hospital out-

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side the city and under proper European supervision; where Chinese medicine might be allowed a considerable amount of latitude, but where glaring medical and surgical atrocities would not be allowed.

THE PRESIDENT-Are you aware that a surprise visit was paid to the Hospital by the Secretary to the Sanitary Board shortly after the receipt of your report which is dated 1st March, 1895, and which was received by the Government on the 25th March, 1895 ?--No.

Would you be surprised to hear that a visit was paid by the Secretary to the Sani- tary Board and that he reported the Hospital to be in a fairly clean condition ?--Yes; but possibly by the time he visited it it was getting a bit better, but I do not think the Secretary to the Sanitary Board is a competent person to express an opinion on the Tung Wa Hospital and its sanitary conditions seeing that the sanitary condition was being improved. That is only one point in my report.

You call it a perfect abomination of filth, and state that steps are taken by the Tung Wa Committee to have it rendered passable when they are apprised of intended visits. Are you aware that no notice was given on the occasion when Mr. MCCALLUM paid his surprise visit?--That may be.

And the report of Mr. MCCALLUM was that the Hospital was in a fairly satisfactory sanitary condition ?--I do not know that he knows very much about it. He is not a medical man and does not know medical requirements of an hospital. At the same time, I grant you, it is better than it used to be.

THE PRESIDENT—Why did you call it "an abomination of filth "?--When I wrote it was about the middle of February, and at that time it was in the condition I described, and if any more evidence is required on the point you can get it from the men who were visiting the Hospital at that time. At the middle of March, when my report went to the printers, the condition was practically the same. If Mr. MCCALLUM'S report was given before the 1st May then I say you should have given more attention to my report than Mr. MCCALLUM's, because I should doubt the correctness of Mr. MCCALLUM's report unless the Tung Wa Committee had got some idea that he was going to make a visit to the Hospital. I have seen it fifty times oftener than Mr. MCCALLUM, and at the 1st May, 1895, my description was accurate.

THE PRESIDENT-Mr. MCCALLUM's report is dated the 8th April, 1895. instructed on the 4th April to pay a surprise visit.

He was

Mr. WHITEHEAD-I observe you say in your letter of 1st March, 1895, to the Colonial Surgeon forwarding your report on the Bubonic Plague in Hongkong in 1894, that you have written strongly concerning the condition of the Tung Wa, and that objections to the institution are based entirely on professional grounds, &c.

your

WITNESS-Yes. I wrote a letter to the Government while on this same subject and

my idea was the conversion of some of the old buildings, such as the cattle depôt, into a hospital, and to remove the present Tung Wa Hospital altogether from where it is now, to sell the land and buildings, if possible, to help to endow a hospital outside the town. It is not absolutely necessary, but it would be very convenient to have a mortuary or a deadhouse in the centre of the city where dead bodies could be taken and also dying people. The moment a medical man certified that a patient could be removed I think he ought to be removed from such a crowded locality to a hospital outside the town, where he would have an opportunity of getting better and would not be a danger to the people round about.

Dr. Ho KAI--That would apply to the Civil Hospital would it not ?--No; you would not have overcrowding in the Civil Hospital. The Civil Hospital is clean; it is very high up; it has any amount of light, fresh air and ventilation. There is a big

See Appen. dix VI.

44 )

boundary line of open space except on the western side where there is a breadth of a street between the Hospital buildings and the outside buildings, but the Hospital buildings are very much higher up. It is a different question if you have a hospital like the Tung Wa in a crowded locality where there is not plenty of light and air and ventilation, considering it is situated at the base of an almost perpendicular hill.

Have you any idea what your proposed scheme would cost ?—No; I have not got even a rough estimate. I was almost going into it at the time, but did not care to.

Have you any

idea as to what it costs annually to maintain the Tung Wa Hospital in its present state ?-No; because I do not know in how many directions the money goes.

You can form some idea by asking what it costs to keep up the Government Civil Hospital ?--The Civil Hospital would be tremendously more expensive annually than the Tung Wa. You would not require to keep up a staff of European sisters and European wardmasters at high salaries in the Tung Wa Hospital, and you could manage it much cheaper in other ways. You might get a very much larger number of patients, I admit, but I doubt it.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-What would your scheme be?-My present idea would be to take the cattle depôt-you might want another cattle depôt, a smaller one--but the one at the time I mentioned it was an ideal building for a Chinese hospital. I would have a European to go there and have it cleaned up daily, the latrines and annexes carefully looked after. There is no necessity for making the patients swallow European medicines, but certainly all the dangers caused by septicemia, blood-poisoning, gun-shot wounds, and other cases which might and very often go wrong in Chinese hands, should be solely in European hands whether the Chinese wanted it or not. When the Chinese do get under European supervision they stay under it, and one of the greatest difficulties at the Tung Wa Hospital now is outside interference with the European people who go there to advise. Many days I have gone in there and persuaded men to come into the Civil Hospital, and I make a deliberate statement that a great deal of trouble is due to outside Chinese, to the men on the Tung Wa Committee, and the Chinese doctors who go round and pollute the minds of the Chinese patients after they have expressed a desire to leave the Tung Wa Hospital and go to the Government Civil Hospital.

THE PRESIDENT-Have you any proof of that ?--There is proof in that report.

You state you have persuaded many patients to go to the Civil Hospital, and that they have been deterred by outside influences-by the Chinese doctors and the Tung Wa Committee. What proof have you of that statement ?--I have proof that the Chinese did it before at the time of the plague in 1894, and also that the men, when I went back to them, have sometimes told me that they did not want to go, and I have known that the Chinese doctors have gone there and talked to the patients when they had promised to go to the Civil Hospital. I do not talk Chinese, but that is the only conclusion any reasonable man could come to. I have not seen with my own eyes men going there and persuading them not to leave the Tung Wa Hospital for the Government Civil Hospital.

There is the case of a man who had his leg amputated. Since then he has been coming to me and stating that he is deprived of his means of livelihood, and that if he had been consulted he would not have had his leg amputated.-That man was got at in some way. The Chinese reporter you sent up went and told a lot of lies. That is all I can say.

Mr. THOMSON-I do not suppose you would have cut off his leg unless it was necessary ?--It was absolutely necessary. He was in a semi-comatose state and was likely to die, and when a man is in that condition you must give him a chance to live. A Chinaman very often forgets to remember that he gave permission to have an amputation especially if he thinks he can make money by doing so,

You

say that the Chinese after coming under European treatment prefer to remain under it ?-Yes.

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Suppose you had an establishment with a certain amount of European supervision, and the Chinese were prejudiced against it, is it not probable that they would die instead of going to that hospital ?--I do not think so, and I think if a hospital were established under European supervision the same as in Singapore in the course of five or ten years you would get the Chinese to come into it in the same way as they do at Singapore. You do not require to go to Singapore to see this-the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals in Hongkong show the same thing.

THE PRESIDENT-If the Chinese are so ready to remain under European treatment when once they have had experience of it, is it not strange that they have not availed themselves more of it in the past ?---Because the Chinaman prefers rather to go to his own place; they know it is a place where they can go to and die. Many believe that the Government Civil Hospital is "a hell upon earth." The better educated Chinese, for instance, when this man got his leg cut off, endeavoured to foment trouble amongst the Chinese. I did not hear the man say so. I got my information at second hand, but it is probably true.

You state that the Chinese regard the Civil Hospital as "a hell upon earth.” How is that so if they regard European treatment as more desirable? How is it that more have not gone to the Civil Hospital since it was established ?-Because every Chinaman knows where the Tung Wa Hospital is and they do not know where the Government Civil Hospital is. I can assure you a lot of Chinamen do not know of the Government Civil Hospital, not even rich Chinese shopkeepers. Not only that, many of them state that the Government Civil Hospital is a place where legs and arms are cut off. It was the same in 1894 during the plague when they stated that we gouged out the eyes of the patients and such like things. These statements were combated by Government proclamation at the time and were stated to be absolutely false. The mere fact that the educated classes of Chinese spread these reports amongst the ignorant coolies still keeps up the popular prejudice against Western medicines. If you take the Chinese who are discharged from the Government Civil Hospital you will find that a large proportion of them are not disposed to leave the Hospital. They do not want to go back to the Tung Wa Hospital and have absolutely refused to go there. They would rather stop in the Civil Hospital after they once experience our treatment.

Mr. THOMSON--The prejudice against hospitals is not confined to Hongkong; there is a strong prejudice about them at Home?--That is so, but it is dying out.

dices IX

Mr. WHITEHEAD--Have you any idea as to the number of patients in the Hospital See Appen- at Singapore compared with that in the Tung Wa?--You can get that. I think the and X. numbers are about the same; they have a very large number of patients.

In the Tung Wa there are generally from 100 to 120. Do you think the numbers are the same in Singapore?--I think so, but I. cannot remember the figures.

Have you a statement as to the annual cost of the Hospital at Singapore?

Mr. WHITEHEAD--How do you view the introduction to the Tung Wa Hospital of a Chinese versed in Western medicine to be placed in charge of the receiving ward? -It would be a grand scheme if you have a European at the head who is going to give orders, but unless you have a European there I do not think there is a Chinaman who could hold his own against the others.

THE PRESIDENT-You know the Tung Wa Hospital is under the supervision of the Colonial Surgeon already and must comply with the sanitary regulations of the Colony ?—Yes.

Would that inspection be sufficient?-No; there are a great number of cases there which should not be treated there, and of course you would require absolutely the power of sending these people to the Civil Hospital. Say a man comes into the accident ward suffering from acute septicemia and there are six or seven men round about him with

See Appen-

dix

X..

page LXXL

( 46 )

open wounds. If you send that man away with his septicemia you are doing the Colony more good than by taking him into that ward where you would be endangering the lives of the other patients.

You do not think inspection by the Colonial Surgeon would be sufficient ?-I do not think so.

In regard to sanitary requirements, do you not think it is sufficient that the hospital should comply with the sanitary regulations of the Colony ?—The Hospital is not a house. There are no regulations for a hospital which really requires extra sanitary attention.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Are there any inspections of the Tung Wa Hospital by officers of the Sanitary Board from time to time ?--I do not know.

THE PRESIDENT--The Tung Wa Hospital is subject to the same sanitary regula- tions as any other building in Hongkong.

Dr. Ho KAI-- What you want is a European doctor as resident physician ?--As a sort of superintendent of the Hospital.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--Would it be possible to get one European doctor to undertake the duty of superintendent and be there all day long ?--There is no necessity to be there all day long.

How many hours per day do you think would be requisite ?-He would require to be there two to three hours in the morning. It depends on the amount of work he is to get through. He would give general directions for the conduct of the Hospital. Then he would require to be there an hour in the afternoon and make occasional visits at night to see that everything was being carried out according to his directions.

Dr. Ho KAI-Should he not see all cases after they come in ?-They are all seen now by the Colonial Surgeon in the receiving ward.

I mean all day long ?--We are not all day long on duty at the Government Civil Hospital. The patients might be kept in the receiving ward until they are seen by the doctor.

But you have European wardmasters at the Government Civil Hospital ?--Yes.

Mr. THOMSON-Would you recommend that this superintendent ought to have power to interfere in the treatment?--He certainly ought to have power to interfere in a hospital in a British Colony where malpraxis goes on.

THE PRESIDENT-What do you mean by that?--If surgical treatment went on at Home such as may be seen at the Tung Wa Hospital the doctor would be liable to be sued for damages every day of the week.. It is a disgrace to the Colony.

Dr. Ho KAI-I doubt whether you could sue for damages in England.—It has been done several times and more often in America.

THE PRESIDENT-Can you tell me any part of the world where a man is not allowed to be treated as he likes?-All over England a man with an infectious disease is required to go to the hospital if he cannot be properly segregated elsewhere.

But exclusive of infectious diseases ?-Well, septicemia is an infectious disease so far as the hospital is concerned. You have a list in the bye-laws published by the Sanitary Board of cases which must be treated by removal to a special hospital, but these bye-laws were made for the streets and for the houses. If bye-laws are going to be made to apply to the hospitals the list of diseases will require to be enlarged.

Mr. THOMSON-That is what your recommendation amounts to, that septicemia is an infectious disease ?-Yes; I know the extraordinary difficulty of getting up a new hospital and getting it conducted on economical fines to start with. It is a Utopian

( 47 )

idea which I doubt we will never see carried into effect here, but the scheme as I have proposed it is the furthest point to which one can go. The scheme might be modified. I think at the present time a very distinct advance would be made if the Tung Wa Hospital were put under a medical man who would not drive the Chiense but would have it in his power to say "Well, unless you are going to be treated according to European ideas you are not coming into this Hospital." The following are a few of the cases which should not be treated in the Tung Wa Hospital:--Hernia, Fractures, Ascites, Prolapse of Rectum, Stricture of Urethra, Dislocation, Orchitis (fungating), Laryngeal cases, Bullet Wounds, Head injuries, Opium poisoning, Tumours. If a man goes to the Hospital suffering from any of these diseases and refuses ordinary treatment, the doctor is quite entitled to turn him away and tell him to get his advice elsewhere. You will probably find then that he will be quite willing to take European treatment. If you do that it will go a long way towards putting the Tung Wa Hospital under control. At the present time the control is chimerical. If left to a man who did not want to "rush" the Chinese altogether and did not want to make it appear that he desired to clear out the present management and staff, root and branch, you would have less interference with the management. I know the Tung Wa Committee raise funds for carrying on the Hospital at present, but they have a great deal too much to say and are too much about the place.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-In this scheme which you have just suggested, you propose to have only one European superintendent or doctor in charge. Would he be able to cope with the work ?--I think so.

What assistance would you propose to give him; any Europeans ?--He must have some European assistance--a couple of wardmasters at least. To start with, he would not require much more European assistance, because the cases of operation would be few indeed. Not only that, but they could be removed to the Civil Hospital in many cases. I presume you would keep on the present staff of boys and helpers. They would have to be replaced latterly by better trained men, but the change could be made gradually.

very

How would you regard the appointment to the Tung Wa Hospital of those Chinese students trained in Western medicine at the Alice Memorial Hospital and the Hongkong College of Medicine for Chinese ?--To a certain extent they would be thrown away upon the Tung Wa Hospital, because they do not know enough to take charge and they know too much to act as mere dressers.

How would you view the appointment of one of these students to take charge of the Tung Wa Hospital under European supervision ?--I do not like the proposal.

Dr. Ho KAI-Under the supervision of the Colonial Surgeon when he inspects the Hospital ?—If you give a better definition of how the Chinaman is to be in charge I may be able to answer the question.

Suppose the student was in charge of the Hospital and the Colonial Surgeon inspected it daily, and if anything were wrong gave instructions to the Chinese super- intendent ?---That would be putting the Colonial Surgeon in charge. At present, the Colonial Surgeon has no power to give instructions or directions to those in charge of the Hospital. All directions must be given to the Tung Wa Directors through the Registrar General, but it doesn't follow they will be obeyed.

Mr. THOMSON-He can only make recommendations. I do not think there is any use putting a Chinaman in charge if you are to have Western supervision. It would be better to put a white man in charge altogether.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--What would be the effect of putting a European medical man in charge of the Hospital?--The consequence would be a big row. The Tung Wa Committee and doctors would create a tremendous amount of trouble, but in a few this would die out and the Hospital would be conducted quietly and satisfactorily.

years

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THE PRESIDENT--If a European medical man were put in charge, do you think the Chinese community would continue their subscriptions ?--I do not think they would. The Government would require to be prepared for the stoppage of the Chinese subscriptions at least for a time.

Mr. THOMSON--How would you raise money for the support of the Hospital?--I would levy a rate upon the Chinese. They are quite wealthy enough to raise it.

THE PRESIDENT-That would amount to imposing a differential tax upon the Chinese ?--Yes; and I know that is contrary to British ideas generally.

Mr. WHITEHEAD- Are you aware that a differential tax obtains at Shanghai without a word of complaint? At Shanghai the Chinese living in the Settlements pay 2% more in taxes than the Europeans, and are glad to be allowed the privilege of doing so, and having the opportunity of deriving the advantages from living in the foreign concessions, or settlements. "Previous to 1866 the foreign house tax in Shanghai was 4%, and "the native 8%. In 1868 the foreign house tax was raised to 6%, the native remaining at 8%, and these rates continued until 1879 when they were raised to 8% and 10% "respectively."

THE PRESIDENT-Yes; but this is a British Colony.

WITNESS-I do not suppose there is any one who will say that the Tung Wa Hospital should not be put in a better condition from a medical and surgical point of view.

THE PRESIDENT-With reference to your report on the Tung Wa Hospital, you received the following letter:-

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE,

4th April, 1895.

SIR,-I am directed to thank you for your very valuable and interesting report on the recent epidemic of plague and to state that it will be laid before the Legislative Council in due course.

I am, however, to inform you that His Excellency considers that no useful purpose would be served by the publication of your remarks on the Tung Wa Hospital, which, however, will receive attention, and that that portion of your report will, accord- ingly, be omitted from the official copies.

I have, &c.,

WITNESS-Yes; I received that letter.

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

LO CHI TIN, President of the Tung Wa Committee for 1895.

THE PRESIDENT-Last year, while you were Chairman of the Tung Wa Hospital Committee, Mr. U I-KAI was appointed visiting surgeon to the Hospital, was he not ?— Yes.

On the part of the Kai-fong, was there any objection to his appointment ?—No.

you think the system has worked satisfactorily-of having Mr. U I-KAI there to look after the registration of deaths ?—It has worked very satisfactorily. The receiving ward has also been worked satisfactorily; the Kai-fong have expressed no opinion regarding it.

Dr. Ho KAI-Did you have any difficulty, during your term of office, in getting subscriptions for the Hospital ?—No. After Mr. U I-KAI's appointment the Kai-fong subscribed as they had done before.

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As a past president you are consulted by the present Directors ?-Everything has to be decided by the Directors, but I am consulted.

Are subscriptions coming in this year as usual ?—The whole of the subscriptions have not come in yet. I have no idea whether or not they are coming in as usual.

THE PRESIDENT-Do you think if a Chinese gentleman versed in Western medical methods were appointed to the Hospital, that would work satisfactorily?-There would be no objection if you appointed one simply to stay there and record the causes of death and to see to the removal of cases of infectious disease.

And if he was asked to cure anybody there would be no objection to his being there? -If the patients wished him to cure them, it might be allowed; but there must be no compulsion. It should be in the discretion of the patients to avail themselves of his treatment.

Dr. Ho KAI-Do you know if the appointment to the Hospital of a Chinese trained in European medicine and under those conditions would be objected to by the Kai-fong? -As far as Western methods are concerned the Kai-fong are not agreed.

If the Chinese doctor trained in Western methods was appointed with no power to force a patient to take his medicine, or to be treated by him, do you think there would be any objection ?-In that case I think the Kai-fong would have no objection.

Mr. THOMSON-You do not think the subscriptions would fall off ?—There would be a slight difference this year.

Dr. Ho KAI--Why?-On account of the Government appointing a European medi- cal man who would practise Western medicine.

Mr. THOMSON-We are talking about a Chinese man trained in Western medicine? -I am talking about a Chinese trained in Western medicine. If he is appointed he must consult with the Directors.

Dr. Ho KAI-Do you think the Directors would agree to the appointment of a Chinese trained in Western medicine if he had to consult them and if they had power to dismiss him?--In that case, I do not think the Kai-fong would say a word against it. You must give the power to the Directors.

What would be the effect on the subscriptions, supposing a European doctor were placed in charge of the Hospital?—They would cease entirely. There is some difficulty about getting subscriptions this year. I believe that is because the European doctor goes about the Hospital and makes a noise.

Mr. THOMSON--The Chinese are afraid of what they call the recent interference on the part of the Government?-On account of the interference of the European doctor.

The Commission then adjourned.

Sce Appendix

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Meeting held on Thursday, May 14th, 1896.

Present:--Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary (President).

Honourable A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Honourable Dr. Ho KAI.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD.

Dr. F. W. CLARK, Medical Officer of Health to the Sanitary Board.

THE PRESIDENT-Are you acquainted with the Tung Wa Hospital ?—Yes.

How long have you been acquainted with it?—About six months; practically since my arrival in the Colony.

Have you visited it frequently during the six months?--I have made about twenty visits altogether, speaking off hand. I have reported the results of my visits to the Hospital to the Sanitary Board.

Dr. Ho KAI--Did you give notice of your visits, or were they surprise visits?-At first I went round with the Colonial Surgeon. The subsequent visits I made were surprise visits—in company with the Sanitary Inspector on several occasions.

THE PRESIDENT-One of your reports is dated 28th December, 1895?—Yes.

In that report you called attention to one or two matters in the Hospital. In the XL first place you say the entire building is surrounded and shut in by other buildings.

Do you consider the wards sufficiently ventilated?—Yes.

LXXIII.

See

Appendix

Have they sufficient air?—Yes, provided the windows are opened.

Do you consider they are sufficiently well lighted?—Yes; I think they are suf- ficiently well lighted, with the exception of the surgical ward on the ground floor.

With regard to the bath-rooms and latrines, are you of opinion that the new bath- rooms and latrines are sufficient, or do you think the number should be increased ?—I do not think they are sufficient, I think there should be latrines and bath-rooms for every ward; at present they are provided for the wards of one block only.

And your suggestion is that the north block should be provided with bath-room and latrine accommodation such as has been added to the other block ?—It may be more difficult to do it at the north block, but I believe it might be done.

XIL, page Yes.

LXXIII.

In your report you stated that you found the verandahs used as sleeping places ?—

Since then the Sanitary Board has served a notice upon the Hospital authorities ordering them to prevent persons sleeping in the verandahs. Are the verandahs now used as sleeping places?-No; but they are used unfortunately for the storage of lumber. I found the ground floor verandahs yesterday half filled with rubbish, woodwork, baskets, clothing, &c. These verandahs should be open for the free admission of air and light to the wards, and instead of that they are littered up with a quantity of rubbish. The upper verandahs were clear.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Was the rubbish stored there in an unsanitary condition in any way?--It was not offensive to the smell. I object to its being there because it obstructs the free access of light and air to the wards.

Is there any special reason why it should be stored there?—There are plenty of other places where it might be put and no reason why it should be stored in the veran-

( 51 )

dab. With regard to the bath-rooms, I wish to say that although they have been erected in one of the blocks I find one of the bath-rooms being used as a bed-room, and another as a store-room. I cannot say positively that they are not being used as bath-rooms, but so far as I could see one was partly a bath-room and partly a store, and the other one entirely used as a bed-room. Although the authorities at the Tung Wa Hospital have complied with the request to provide bath-room accommodation, it does not follow that the rooms are used as such.

On any other of your surprise visits have you noticed that they were used as bath- rooms? They have been up only about a month or so-say, a couple of months.

In regard to the premises occupied by the patients at the Tung Wa Hospital, are they in an insanitary condition ?—No; they are not in such a condition as to cause a nuisance. They are not in a wholesome condition. The surgical ward is dark and some of the other wards smell badly, but there is plenty of ventilation available. The whole thing, to my mind, is a question of management. The appliances in the Hospital are sufficient to put it in a very satisfactory condition if there were only some responsible head who saw that everything was carried out properly. In the female ward yesterday I made an inspection of the night stools, one of which is provided for each patient. I opened every one, and I found every one half-full of night-soil. There was an amah in attendance, and I asked her (about three or four o'clock in the afternoon) when they had been emptied, and I was told they had been emptied on the previous evening by a coolie. It is one of the first principles of hospital management that all excreta should be removed from the ward and emptied out immediately.

THE PRESIDENT-Are you in favour of excreta being removed by water or are you in favour of the bucket system ?-There again it is a question of having some one (preferably a European) in charge. A simple water-closet would work admirably if there was some one in charge to look after them, but without that I feel convinced it would not be properly used, because I do not think the Chinese attendants or patients understand water-closets. There ought to be a European, not necessarily a doctor, an unprofessional man who might be designated the steward or superintendent, and who could keep a check on things at the Hospital, to see that the wards were properly ventilated, the night-soil regularly removed, and such like.

Did you find the drainage satisfactory ?-So far as I could see superficially, yes. I complained about the drains in December last. Since then they have been improved.

Do you think the Hospital shows signs of improvement ?-Structurally there is a marked improvement; from a sanitary point of view there is improvement, but not the improvement one would expect from the structural improvements.

you consider the Hospital is in a fair sanitary condition ?—I consider it can be kept in a fair sanitary condition, but it is difficult to say it is in a fair sanitary condition.

When you visited it yesterday did you find it in a fair sanitary condition ?-Fairly sanitary with an accent on fairly, because I do not think the wards were properly ventilated, and I do not think it is satisfactory having night-soil left in the wards unemptied for such a length of time.

Is the Hospital subject to the sanitary laws of the Colony like every other building, is it not ?--I believe it is.

Do you think it is a source of danger to the people living in the neighbourhood ?— No; I do not think it is; but it would be if a case of small-pox were treated there.

I am speaking of matters as they are at present. Well, I do not think it is any particular danger to the neighbourhood provided no infectious cases are treated there.

Are there any diseases not already included in the list which might be added with advantage to the list of infectious diseases that cannot be taken to the Tung Wa Hospital?

...

See Appendix

( 52 ) 52)

Mr. WHITEHEAD-You are aware of the list referred to ?-Oh, yes. I assisted in the preparation of that list. I do not know of any other disease that might be added to it. Phthisis might as well be treated at the Tung Wa Hospital as at the Civil Hospital.

THE PRESIDENT--With regard to the question of overcrowding, have you ever found the Hospital overcrowded when you visited it ?--Yes. I found it overcrowded in December.

Have you found it overcrowded since ?-No; but I rather explain that by the fact that the admissions to the Tung Wa Hospital have enormously decreased. I have got the monthly reports from January, 1895, giving the numbers of admissions. In January, 1895, the number was 182; in June, 1895, 220; in December, 1895, 267; in January, 1896, 163; in February, 1896, 126; in April, 1896, 119.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-How do you account for the falling off?-I think it is only temporary, and caused by people being frightened away by the plague.

During your visits did

you observe any notice posted up in the wards as to the number each ward is supposed to hold ?—I saw the names of the wards, but I did not notice the numbers. I think it would be advisable to have the numbers posted there.

THE PRESIDENT-I understand that you visited the Hospital yesterday, and that it was not overcrowded ?-No; there were vacant beds in the wards; if these beds were occupied it would be slightly overcrowded. Most of the wards are 26 feet by 40 feet and 14 feet high. They are more than 14 feet high, but we only reckon it at that when taking the cubic space for patient accommodation. I measured the wards in December. They have accommodation for twelve patients, but most of the wards have 13, 14 and 15 beds in them. If all the beds were full, the wards would be slightly overcrowded.

I observe that in an addendum to your report you apparently estimate the capacity at xil, page 1,000 cubic feet per head. Is that the amount you allowed in making the calculation

you have just mentioned ?—No; that would allow for fourteen patients.

LXXIV.

Do you think the allowance of 1,000 cubic feet per patient is sufficient ?—It is barely. I took it at that because the Colonial Surgeon had previously given that as the minimum. At home 1,200 cubic feet is the minimum per patient. One should certainly not go below 1,000 cubic feet per head. Practically, the wards are not over- crowded just now, but when I was there in December there were sometimes twenty- two patients in one ward. That, however, might be explained from the fact that some of the wards were being cleaned, and the patients had been turned over to the other wards. So far as I understand, the only real fault you have to find with the Hospital is the want of management ?—Yes; I think that is at the bottom of the whole thing. For instance, at the Sanitary Board three or four months ago it was decided that certain wards, Ko Fong, should not be occupied by patients or attendants. When I was round yesterday I found some of these wards were still being occupied. Eight are still occupied by patients, two each in three of them and one patient each in the other five. They are not all necessarily basements, but in addition to these wards there are basements still occupied at the Tung Wa Hospital in spite of the notices issued by the Sanitary Board. These are the wards on which Mr. MCCALLUM reported (extract read). With regard to these wards you yourself state (extract read)?—I found about a dozen PRI patients in these wards yesterday, and yet the wards of the Hospital proper were not full, so that this could scarcely be referred to as an overflow as Mr. MCCALLUM suggests. These rooms, in my opinion, are unfit for human habitation in their present condition.

See

Appendix

VI.

See

Appendix

XIL

Are you in favour of the appointment to the Tung Wa Hospital of a Chinese trained

in Western science?-As superintendent or as one of the doctors?

Appointed in order to be able to check the causes of death?-Certainly.

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I mean the appointment of a Chinese trained in Western medical science, whose chief duty should be the registering of deaths, and who should render assistance in the treatment of patients if desired by the Directors or any of the patients, but not other- wise. What is your opinion as to such an appointment?-I think it would be very useful, provided you got a good man.

Do you think the appointment of such a Chinese, in addition to daily inspections by a member of the Medical Establishment of the Government, would effect the desired improvements in the management, which you say are necessary?—No.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-What knowledge have you of these Chinese who have been trained in Western medicine?-I have been lecturing to them for three or four months. I know one or two of them who are already qualified-U I-KAI at the Government Civil Hospital, and Drs. Kwong and Chues.

You are speaking from your knowledge of these men trained in Western medicine when you say the appointment of one of them to the Tung Wa Hospital would not be satisfactory.

THE PRESIDENT-He considered he would be useful for obtaining correct returns of the causes of death, but he does not think he would be sufficient to effect the impro- vements in the management of the Hospital, which he considers desirable.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-That is what I am coming to. For the purposes of returns, true records of the causes of death, such a Chinaman would be sufficient ?—Yes, I believe so, presuining, as the Colonial Secretary says, that the Colonial Surgeon would visit the Hospital once a day in addition, but I do not think' such an officer would either have the patience or take the trouble to look after the petty details of sanitary

condition. management in the Hospital required to keep it in a proper

THE PRESIDENT-Then what would you suggest ?-From what I have seen of the Hospital, I think the appointment of a European steward, some man of perhaps a little better class than the Sanitary Inspectors, should be appointed. His duty would be to see that the wards were properly ventilated, that the drainage or conservancy system was carefully carried out; to see that the Ko Fong wards were not occupied, and that the servants did not live in the basements, and the other petty details that a steward of an hospital at home is supposed to look after. It is a big Hospital, and at the same time it wants somebody all day long to look after it. I do not mean that he is never to go outside, but to be, generally speaking, constantly on the spot and going around to see that things are kept in a proper state. From the condition of the water channels, I should that the coolies are in the habit of throwing urine down there, which is a thing that ought not to be allowed. There is no provision on the upper floors for slop-sinks. If a ward is scrubbed down the water is thrown out into the verandah and finds its way ultimately into the rain-water channel.

say

In addition to a European steward is there any other recommendation by the adoption of which you think the management might be improved?---None, except with regard to the surgical ward. It seems to me ridiculous that it should be put on the ground floor and shut off from the out-patients merely by a wooden partition. I would recommend that this ward should be put upstairs where the patients could get more light and air and not be brought into contact with the out-patients. There is no one apparently at the Hospital at the present time who is responsible for things of that sort.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Have you on any occasion witnessed the treatment of patients in the surgical ward by the Chinese doctors?—I have never seen an instance of a case under treatment; I have seen instances of want of treatment--abcesses left reglected- and the patients had to be brought into the Civil Hospital or died in the Tung Wa Hospital. The Chinese ideas of surgery are not so modern as they ought to be. I might

say

I have seen no surgical treatment on the part of the Chinese.

•

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THE PRESIDENT-In the course of your twenty visits to the Tung Wa Hospital, have you seen any cases of septicemia?-I have not made any examination of the patients; I simply went through the wards. What condition the wounds were in I did not see. I considered I had no right to examine them. When I first came here and was acting as assistant at the Government Civil Hospital, I saw patients taken there from the Tung Wa Hospital who, if they had been brought there in the first instance, might have been saved considerable suffering.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Have you visited the Alice Memorial Hospital ?—I have not seen the wards. I go to the Nethersole Hospital frequently and lecture there, and know the wards there.

Dr. Ho KAI-They are much about the same in both Hospitals.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Have you had any conversation with the patients in the Nether- sole Hospital ?-No.

There is a great disbelief on the part of certain Chinese to be treated according to Western methods. Can you therefore explain how it is that such vast numbers of other Chinese go to be treated in the Alice Memorial and Government Civil Hospitals ?- I do not know. I suppose it is because they are overcoming their objection to Western medicine. It may be because of the Chinese house surgeons there.

Dr. Ho Kai-Oh yes; that means a good deal. The people there are able to talk to them in their own language and explain the reason that certain medicine is given and the superiority of Western medicine as compared with Chinese medicine.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-What are your views as to the appointment of a European medical practitioner in the Tung Wa Hospital ?-I do not think it is necessary, unless you mean that the Colonial Surgeon should still exercise supervision. I do not think it is necessary to have a European medical practitioner attached to the Hospital.

THE PRESIDENT-Do you mean so long as the treatment is to be Chinese treatment? -In any case I do not think it is necessary. Unless you are going to convert it into a European Hospital. I think myself that the treatment of the Chinese might be improved by the appointment of a Chinese doctor trained in Western medicine, and the sanitation might be improved by the appointment of a European steward.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Would there be any objections on the part of the Directors of the Tung Wa Hospital to the appointment of a European steward?—I do not think so, provided it is laid down that it is the province of the doctors to treat the patients, while the steward is only to look after the sanitation of the place and is not to be allowed to interfere with the patients. I think the appointment of a European steward with these special functions would be far more acceptable to the Chinese than the appointment of a European doctor.

Would you have the steward to make a daily report?--I think he should be under the Colonial Surgeon, who would visit the Hospital every day as at present.

And if there were any objections to his carrying out the duties entrusted to him it would be necessary for him to refer to the Colonial Surgeon?-Decidedly. l'erhaps the term wardmaster would be more suitable than steward because they have ward- masters in the Civil Hospital and perhaps that name would be better understood by the Chinese. You asked me if I was in favour of a European medical man being appointed to the Tung Wa Hospital, and my answer, of course, is influenced by the fact that I have been led to understand that the Tung Wa Hospital is an hospital maintained solely by contributions from the Chinese community for the relief of their own sick. If we were to take the management out of their hands the probabilities are that the subscriptions would cease.

I do not know if I am correct, but that is how I regarded it when you

asked me the question.

( 55 )

DR. J. C. THOMSON, Superintendent of the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals.

THE PRESIDENT-How long have you been Superintendent of the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals?--Between seven and eight years.

Are the patients admitted into those Hospitals almost exclusively Chinese ?--Almost exclusively in the In-Patient Department; a considerable number of Portuguese and non-Chinese come as out-patients.

Then the fact that these Hospitals deal chiefly with the Chinese has enabled you to gain considerable acquaintance with the Chinese from a medical point of view?—Yes.

Are you acquainted with the Tung Wa Hospital?—I have made several visits to it. I had a walk round it yesterday in view of coming here.

Did you find it in a clean condition ?-It was very greatly improved since my. previous visits to it some years ago.

Did it appear to be in a fairly sanitary condition?-Yes.

Did you think it had sufficient light and air in the wards?—I think it had. The removal of the cubicles has greatly improved the Hospital.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-The air was not prevented in any way from getting into the wards on the ground floor by the accumulation of lumber in the verandahs ?—I do not think it was sufficient to seriously interfere with the ventilation.

But you noticed certain accumulations of lumber?--I did not observe it particularly. THE PRESIDENT--You have had a good deal to do with training Chinese in Western medicine in connection with the Chinese College of Medicine?—Yes.

Speaking from your experience of these students, do you think it would be of advantage to have one of them appointed to the Tung Wa Hospital?—It would certainly be an improvement that the treatment in the Tung Wa Hospital should be along Western lines, but that introduces the previous question of the constitution of that Hospital; and so far as I understand the constitution of the Hospital, it does not provide for Western

treatment.

But supposing such students as I mentioned were appointed for the purpose of obtaining correct vital statistics and of being consulted as to treatment on Western lines when desired by the Directors or patients?-I think it would certainly be of great advantage for the diagnosis of cases and the picking out of infectious cases, and for the. purpose of properly certifying the causes of death.

Speaking from your experience of these students, is their knowledge of Western medical science sufficient to enable them to perform these duties?—I think so.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-How many students have taken their degree from the Chinese College of Medicine?-Seven.

Have you any idea what they are doing to-day?-One is the House Surgeon in a Government Hospital in Borneo, two are in similar Hospitals in Selangor, one is House Surgeon in the Nethersole Hospital, one (U I-KAI) is dispenser at the Government Civil Hospital, one was for a time in practice in Queen's Road West and has just lately gone to Singapore to enter into private practice there at the invitation of

Hon. Dr. LIM BOON KENG. I do not know where the seventh now is.

THE PRESIDENT-How do you account for the fact that most of them have gone away from the Colony ?-Because there is no encouragement for them here. They have salaries of from $70 to $90 per month. One who left last year on a salary of $75 has since been raised to $100 at Selangor.

Are you of opinion that if proper encouragement were held out to them they would remain here ?-Certainly; they would prefer to remain in Hongkong.

( 36 )

Mr. WHITEHEAD-What would be the nature of the encouragement necessary to retain their services here ?-I think, in the first place, their qualification should be recognised by the Government as a qualification to practise.

How would that affect the present medical practitioners in Hongkong who have diplomas from Bodies at Home or in America ?--I do not think it would affect them in the slightest. The qualification granted to these men would be in some way limited to recognise the fact that they had their training in Hongkong, and therefore under certain disadvantages.

Then you think if the Government gave them this recognition, they would be enabled to remain in the Colony and to start private practice amongst the Chinese ?

Mr. THOMSON-Do you think they would remain if offered a salary of $50 or $60 per month to stay in the Tung Wa Hospital, with or without private practice ?—$50 per month without private practice would be the minimum.

THE PRESIDENT-Do you think it would be possible to find students now capable of entering upon these duties ?-At present, no, as all those qualified are out of the Colony. For two years there would be none available from the Chinese College of Medicine. You would have none unless you could get some back from the Straits. Perhaps U I-KAI would take up the post, but I do not think he would be willing to do so, because he is already in receipt of a larger salary than the minimum suggested as dispenser at the Civil Hospital.

Dr. Ho KAI-One student went to Borneo?--Yes, and it speaks well in his favour that he was asked to go back again. He returned to the Colony suffering from beri-beri ; but on his recovery he was requested to return to Borneo. He was in receipt of $90 per month.

THE PRESIDENT—Are there any other matters connected with the Tung Wa Hos- pital which you could mention as being likely to be of advantage to the Commission in its inquiry?-There is nothing else, excepting that I think it would be unwise to force the practice of Western medicine on the Tung Wa as at present constituted. I think, however, it would be of great advantage to have Chinese trained in Western medicine in the Hospital for the purposes that have been mentioned.

Do you find that patients come from the Tung Wa Hospital to the Alice Memorial Hospital? We have had a few. I had the records examined, and found that in 1890 we had 5 cases; in 1891, 11 cases; in 1892, 18 cases; in 1893, 25 cases; and in the beginning of 1894, 1 case. Since I left for England in 1894, no cases have been sent to us.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-How do you account for that?-Partly because the Surgeons from the Government Civil Hospital have been about the Tung Wa Hospital since the plague epidemic.

Dr. HO KAI-Formerly, they sent these patients to the Alice Memorial Hospital voluntarily?—All the cases I have enumerated came with letters from the doctors of the Tung Wa Hospital.

And you were doing an increasing business according to that list ?—Yes.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Do you think it would be desirable to have a European steward appointed to the Tung Wa Hospital to see that matters generally were looked after properly, such as the removal of the night-soil, and that the wards were properly venti- lated ?--I do not think the appointment of any European in the Tung Wa would be wise. It seems to me the present supervision by the Colonial Surgeon--if what I saw yesterday is the result of that more careful supervision-sufficiently meets the case. There was a European at the door whose duties I did not quite understand. He showed me round the Hospital.

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Did

you, in the course of your visit, closely inspect the actual condition of matters as regards the night stools ?—Yes; I looked into one or two. The provision for that appears to be satisfactory.

How often are these removed ?--I do not know.

Would it be desirable to have them taken away as soon as made use of?-

They seemed pretty well covered; I think if removed twice a day that would meet the case.

Do you know if they are removed once a day?-I do not know.

Dr. Ho KAI-Could one of those Chinese trained in European medicine look after the performance of these duties as equally well as a European?—I certainly think he could, along with the other duties mentioned; the examination of cases for the purpose of diagnosis and the certification of cause of death would not occupy all his time, and he could fill in his time looking after such details.

Do you think they would be competent and would have the patience and energy to do it? Well, in that I suppose they would require to be overlooked to a certain extent by the Colonial Surgeon.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-He visits the Hospital only once a day ?-Still he could, by occasional test cases, see if the work was done properly.

Would you be surprised to learn that the night stools in use there are not removed for twenty-four hours?—I would not have been surprised at that two or three years ago, but from what I saw yesterday I would be surprised to learn that.

If a European steward were appointed to that position and his duties limited so that he would not interfere in any way with the treatment of the patients, the Govern- ment would then have some one to rely upon and would know that the sanitary affairs of the Hospital were.being attended to?--I fear that with the regulations of the Hos- pital as they are and with the powers of the Directorate as they are, the presence of a European would almost certainly lead to a large amount of friction.

Still, the Government have certain powers over the Hospital?-So far as I under- stand, only those of inspection.

Dr. Ho KAI-Or they could shut it up altogether by an Ordinance in the Legisla- tive Council.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-I think it is subject to the general superintendence of the Government.

The Chairman read section 14 of the Ordinance, a copy of which is printed in the see page appendix.)

Mr. WHITEHEAD-If the Government appointed a European steward or wardmaster to visit the Hospital every morning and evening to see that matters were properly looke after and that he made a daily report of the condition of the Hospital, would there be any objection to that ?-That seems to be pretty definitely allowed by the Ordinance; and I think there would be no real objection, if the person appointed were made clearly to understand that he had nothing to do with the treatment of the patients, but had simply to superintend the sanitary condition of the Hospital.

Dr. Ho KAI-You have the Colonial Surgeon and the Sanitary Inspector who do that already. What we wish to do is to improve the Hospital, to get the Chinese gradually to adopt Western medicine. Had not the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals nearly 1,000 in-patients last year?-Last year, 614. The numbers have fallen off since the plague. In 1892, we had 875 in-patients; in 1893, 722.

These are all cases which come of their own accord ?—Yes; all.

And they stay until cured or sent away ?-As a general rule, with few exceptions.

XLIX.

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They have no objection to operations ?-Generally speaking, no.

And how many operations have you had ?-Last year there were 138 under chloroform, besides very many minor operations without an anaesthetic.

And in these cases are they perfectly willing ?-Yes.

Mr. THOMSON-How many of these cases would be amputations of the leg or arm? --One could scarcely say right off. A good many would be such or of equal magnitude. Of course, we never operate without the entire consent of the patient.

THE PRESIDENT-Suppose a patient is not in a condition to give his consent?- That is a very rare condition, because there are so very few cases where a patient comes in requiring immediate operation and in a comatose state.

Dr. Ho Kar-But you make it a rule to ask their consent first before operation ?— Yes. As a general rule the patient asks time to consult with his friends or relatives, and we always wait for that when it is desired.

Is that not the reason why the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals obtain the confidence of the Chinese ?—I believe it largely is. If a patient is in a condition where we consider operation necessary and the patient refuses to submit to operation, he is usually required to leave the Hospital.

THE PRESIDENT-Have you had any case in which, a patient being unable to give his consent, an operation was performed to save his life ?--I do not recollect a case. It is only in cases of primary surgical emergency that that becomes necessary.

Dr. Ho KAI-Take a case of compound fracture, is it not customary in England to consult with the patient or his relatives first before operation ?--With the patient himself, if an adult.

Suppose he is in a semi-comatose state, what is the general practice ?--We would then consult his friends if available, and if they were not available we would act according to the circumstances of the case. It is the invariable practice in England, in such cases, to consult the friends and relatives.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-There seems to be a very strong prejudice amongst the Chinese to any introduction of Western medicine at the Tung Wa Hospital ?—There is, and I think that it is well grounded. The Hospital has been established, so far as I under- stand it, entirely as a Chinese hospital. One of the first provisions is that the treatment shall be Chinese, and it seems to me there is little possibility of amalgamating Eastern and Western methods. The attempt to introduce Western methods is scarcely wise. There are other hospitals where patients can have these, and by going to the Tung Wa Hospital a patient shows that he wishes to be treated by Chinese methods. The question, to my mind, resolves itself into the deeper one as to whether Eastern methods are to be permitted in the Colony; if allowed, patients will certainly be better attended at the Tung Wa Hospital than anywhere else.

Have you come in contact with any Chinese publications in Hongkong condemning Western methods?—No; I do not recollect any.

after

How long is it since you first visited the Tung Wa Hospital?-I visited it soon my arrival in the Colony over seven years ago, merely as a matter of curiosity.

THE PRESIDENT-During any portion of the time you have been in Hongkong, could the Tung Wa Hospital have been regarded as a danger to the neighbourhood or a disgrace to the Colony in any way ?—A danger, I think, yes; from the circumstance that there was no real diagnosis of disease, as we understand diagnosis; it seems to me there may very probably have been, at times, cases under treatment there which should not have been in the Hospital.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-You mean infectious cases ?--Yes.

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Is there any one there now qualified to detect infectious cases when they are brought to the Hospital?-I understand the Colonial Surgeon goes there, and that U I-KAI is there a good deal.

THE PRESIDENT -All cases are now always taken on arrival into a receiving ward, and are not distributed amongst the general wards until seen by the Colonial Surgeon; but this system has been introduced comparatively recently. During the seven years you have been in the Colony, during which time you have visited the Tung Wa Hos- pital several times, have you found the Tung Wa in a filthy condition?-When I first visited it, it was in a bad condition.

But I wish to emphasise filthy?—Yes; it was filthy. (See Letter attached, modifying this answer.)

Was that on the occasion of your first visits ?-During my visits previous to my return to England, which was in the beginning of 1894. I had not visited the Hospital since then till yesterday.

Do you consider it has been greatly improved?—Yes. I think the removal of the cubicles has been a great advantage in that respect, in securing both cleanliness and better ventilation.

The Commission then adjourned.

ALICE MEMORIAL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 15th May, 1896.

DEAR MR. STEWART LOCKHART,

Towards the close of my examination before the Tung Wa Commission yesterday, I was asked whether the word "filthy" was applicable to the Hospital in my experience of it.

With a vision of surgical dressings I have seen on occasion of my earlier visits before my mind, I consented to the use of the word, but on calm reflec- tion I feel that to allow my answer to stand in its general form is unfair to the Tung Wa, and I beg leave, if such be possible, to modify my reply as follows:--

(

"I have seen surgical dressings that to my Western notions seemed decidedly filthy, and clothing and bedding were not so clean formerly as 'they are now, but the building itself I never saw in such a condition as in

any sense to merit such description."

I am,

Yours very truly,

JOHN C. THOMSON,

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Chairman, Tung Wa Hospital Commission.

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Meeting held on Thursday, 18th June, 1896.

Present: Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary (President).

Honourable A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

Honourable Dr. Ho KAI.

Absent:-Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHEAD.

Dr. P. B. C. AYRES, Colonial Surgeon.

THE PRESIDENT-How long have you been Colonial Surgeon in Hongkong?- Since 1873.

You are acquainted with the Tung Wa Hospital?—I have been acquainted with it ever since the second year of its opening.

(THE PRESIDENT, on behalf of the Hon. T. H. WHITEHEAD, who was unavoidably absent, asked a series of questions.)

Can you refer to any one or more annual reports of yours in which your opinions. about the Tung Wa have been more fully set out than in others ?--I made a report for 1873, but as I was only two months in the Colony during that year it did not amount to anything as I merely gave what was given to me, but in the Report of 1874 I drew the attention of Sir WYVILLE THOMPSON of H.M.S. Challenger, and he describes the Tung Wa in a minute he wrote in the book that it was beyond criticism as an hospital, and therefore, I alluded to it specially in my report for that year.

Does the Tung Wa serve any useful purpose in the Colony?—I have always said it serves a very great purpose as far as vaccination is concerned and a home for invalids who are incapable of working, and whose cases are utterly hopeless.

Is it in any proper sense a hospital?—Not according to European ideas.

Are sick Chinese medically attended to there with a view to their recovery?—Yes, according to Chinese ideas.

Have they any better chance of recovery there than in their own houses?--In at least half the cases, if not more, there are no chances of recovery anywhere. We would not keep them more than a certain time in the Civil Hospital, and would dismiss them as incurable.

With regard to the other half, have they a better chance of recovery in the Tung Wa than in their own houses?-Yes, but they would have a still better chance in a European hospital.

Is the Tung Wa simply a place for people to die in, if they are going to die, or to get well in if they have any chance of recovery?--If they have a fair chance of recovery they get well. They get better food, better air and better attendance than in their own homes.

Is there any surgical treatment of any kind in the Tung Wa?-Not as recognised by European methods. The Chinese object strongly to surgical treatment of any kind, and as a matter of fact there is no English law that can compel any man to submit to surgical treatment if he does not desire to, or if it is the case of a child the father can refuse to have his child treated surgically.

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Have you known of deaths there from want of medical and surgical knowledge on the part of the so-called Chinese doctors ?-Well, supposing a man would not have hist leg cut off or properly treated under any consideration whatever it does not matter whether he is treated by a European or a Chinese.

Has the Tung Wa served as a refuge or poor-house for destitute Chinese who are not sick--in other words, is the Tung Wa, in reality, not a poor-house?—There are no cases admitted which are not in a debilitated condition. A Chinaman does not go to hospital so long as he can do some sort of work.

What class of Chinese make use of the Tung Wa?-Mostly the poorer class, but I have seen the better class of shopkeepers sent there to die. When they are sent there they are generally in a hopeless state, and die within forty-eight hours after admission.

Does the Tung Wa serve any other useful purpose than a refuge for the destitute and indigent?—It serves considerable use in the amount of vaccination the doctors carry out.

Dr. Ho KAI-Your previous answer was that it was much better than to have the people treated in their own homes ?—I say distinctly they are very much better off in the Tung Wa Hospital in the majority of cases than they would be in their own houses.

THE PRESIDENT-Can you suggest any means of improving the place gradually without taking it out of the hands of the Chinese ?—Nothing as regards treatment, but I think a little more regard might be had to the bedding and clothing. This might be done, I think, with the funds at the disposal of the Committee of Management. In the old time the Committee was much more careful. I am speaking of the first ten years after the opening of the hospital. You can see in the Macao Hospital that they are much better off there than we are here in the Tung Wa, and they are much more careful of the clothing, etc.

Is it desirable to have a European resident superintendent or steward in the Tung Wa to supervise or superintend the Hospital buildings generally and see to the preser- vation of cleanliness and the observance of proper sanitary precautions; not interfering with the medical treatment but simply observing and reporting ?--A European attendant is necessary to see that cleanliness is properly observed. It is too much to dignify the post with the name of Superintendent or Steward.

What are your views as to the proposal to put a Chinese adequately trained in Western medical science into the Tung Wa, not to interfere in any way with the treatment but to examine each case as it comes in, ascertain the disease, and keẹp a register of deaths, reporting daily to the Colonial Surgeon on the latter's visits ?-It would be a very good thing to have one of these young native doctors there, but he cannot be trusted without a European surgeon to verify the cases afterwards. UI-KAI is counted to be a smart fellow, and he is very useful indeed in the Government Civil Hospital. I took him round and used to tell him to diagnose a case on his own account. He has examined a man whom I could see was suffering from typhoid fever, and has told me after feeling his pulse that he had no fever. In that case I suggested using the thermometer, and as it was no use testing by putting in the mouth, I suggested that he should place the thermometer under the arm-pits, and the thermometer ran up up to 1061°.

If a Chinese acquainted with Western medical science was placed in the Hospital, your opinion is then that he would require constant supervision on the part of a European doctor?-Certainly.

What is your opinion as to the proposal to insist upon the gradual supercession of the so-called Chinese doctors now in the Hospital by Chinese trained in Western medical science?-If you do that you will shut up the Tung Wa altogether. The Chinese Committee has obeyed the contract regarding the management of the Hospital.

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In your opinion, the Committee have carried out the spirit of the Ordinance ?— Yes; I have read the whole of the correspondence with Sir RicHARD MACDONNELL, and am well acquainted with the stipulations. The Chinese said if you are going to insist on treating the cases upon English principles you had better not call upon us to go on with the proposal to establish the Tung Wa Hospital and should content yourselves with extending the European hospital.

Then you think the result of such a change would be the closing of the Hospital?-- Yes, so far as the Chinese are concerned, but if you had a man diagnosing the cases under supervision, in the course of a few years, say five years or so, he would gain a larger experience than it is possible to obtain in the Nethersole or Alice Memorial Hospitals, and would become a very valuable man, and might then be allowed to become independent of European supervision. None of the young fellows hitherto trained in the Colony, however, are able to diagnose cases, and I dispute that any of the English students turned out of the Hospitals at home are able satisfactorily to diagnose many cases.

Dr. Họ KAI-That only comes by practice?—Yes.

THE PRESIDENT-What do you think of the attempt now being made in the College of Medicine for Chinese to educate the Chinese in Western medicine?—It is a very great gain, I think.

Do you think the attempt should be encouraged?-Most certainly, but at the same time I would call attention to the fact that the Nethersole Hospital and the Alice Memorial Hospital have never been overcrowded. There are plenty of spare beds in either of them. If the Chinese had shown symptoms of a desire to be treated according to Western methods then I should say the Tung Wa should have been abolished so long as the other hospitals were available to then for European treatment. But here you have two good hospitals under European management, and you have Chinese wards in the Government Civil Hospital, and you cannot fill them.`

What steps might usefully be taken to induce the Chinese so trained in European medicine to stay in the Colony and to gradually get rid of the so-called Chinese doctors in the Colony ?--I hear that the Chinese house surgeon of the Alice Memorial Hospital has a very good practice amongst the Chinese. I think it is very likely that none of these youngsters have been able to settle down here because there was not enough of practise to support them. They have had no backing to enable them to hold on.

What steps should be taken to induce them to stay?—They might get a sub- sistence allowance from the Government. They might be given a trial to see if they could make a success of it.

What privileges might be given the one and what restraints might usefully be imposed on the others to promote gradual substitution?—I think the men trained in European medical science might be subsidised by the Government, and they should be allowed as much private practice as they could get.

Would you have them recognised by Government as qualified to practise to a certain extent ?—Yes.

Dr. Ho KAI-Qualified to practise as native practitioners?--Yes.

THE PRESIDENT-Has the Tung Wa been kept clean and in a sanitary condition since your arrival in Hongkong in 1873?-Fairly clean according to Chinese notions, but as I have told you, and as I showed you personally before I left on holiday, it was impossible with the cubicle arrangement, without creating great disturbance, to clean it properly. I have not been there since my return to the Colony.

You say that since your arrival in 1873 it was kept in a fairly clean and sanitary condition?--Yes, and I think it was a great benefit. But you know that the granite

"..

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steps have never been properly cleaned, as you would clean a house, since the Hospital was opened, and I think, it would be a very valuable thing to have these granite steps renovated. The dirt is ingrained in them and unless they are holystoned it is impossi- ble to clean them.

XIV.

Has your attention been directed to an account or description of the present condition of the Tung Wa in the Hongkong Telegraph of the 13th inst., which purports See Appen- to have been written by a member of the staff of that paper, who seems to have been escorted over the Tung Wa by Dr. ATKINSON, and do you regard the description referred to as in any sense correct and accurate?-Yes, except that it exaggerates a good deal. I think it has been over-stated, but the description of the surgical ward is certainly not over-stated. It is a very dark and dreary ward, unless it has been very much improved since I left. My memory of it is that it was the worst ward in the whole Hospital.

So far as I can remember, he describes it as "a chamber of horrors"?--That is in regard to the treatment of disease.

Do you consider that a correct description in any way of that ward?-Well, we always considered it sq. There are things collected there which you would only see in Europe in isolated cases. You might make a similar collection in Europe, only there they would not admit them into the Hospital.

What would be done with such patients in other hospitals ?-If they came in we would say if you won't submit to our treatment you must go away, and they would have to go to their homes.

Have you at any time found it necessary to recommend in writing any reforms at the Tung Wa?-Over and over again I have made recommendations to the various Registrars General.

Can you supply us with a copy of any such report ?-Only the 1874 report-I daresay you will find my reports in the correspondence of 1874.

You recommended the removal of lunatics as an improvement, and they were removed?—Yes.

And the taking of small-pox patients away from the hospital?-Yes, and that was improved to a great extent.

Have you ever received any written instructions from the Government as to your duties and powers in connection with the Tung Wa?-Never further than as stated in my original instructions, and there is no time given for my visits..

Will you please give us your views and opinion in regard to so-called Chinese doctors practising at the Tung Wa ?-They are kindly disposed, but as you know Chinese treatinent is tantamount to no treatment at all in the majority of cases. In lots of the smaller cases they have got simple remedies which all natives understand.

Dr. Ho KAI-These simple medicines are successful as a rule ?--They are such as everybody gets acquainted with with experience.

The President-What are their qualifications to practise medicine, if any ?— There are no qualifications recognised in China, and these so-called doctors have none according to our European ideas.

What would be the effect of placing the Tung Wa under the supervision and control of a Western medical practitioner ?-The Tung Wa would then be done away with.

Dr. Ho KAI-Do you have a large number of Chinese patients in the Government Civil Hospital?—Yes.

See Appen- dix XIII.

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Supposing a patient there refuses to be treated surgically, is he sent away ?-When we have treated a man as far as we can without operating we say-"We cannot do more for

you, and you are occupying a bed some one else wants and you must go away. you will not submit to our treatment, then you must find somebody else to treat you."

Have you many of these cases ?-Every now and then a case occurs, but not many. There are sufficient, however, to have this recognised.

Do you remember a case where you had to perform an operation by force, that is, against the will of the patient ?-Not further than this. If a man has been brought in to the Hospital in such a condition as to be unable to say anything for himself we have operated at once so as not to be accused of letting the man dic. But if he is strong enough to say he will not allow us to operate upon him, we can do nothing. If a man is unconscious and we want to give him a chance to recover, we do as we like. It would be the same with a European.

But supposing he has friends and relations ?-Well, supposing a man was shot and another man was likely to be accused of murder we would do the best we could for the injured man.

Take the case of a Chinainan suffering from tumour of the leg; if you wanted to operate upon him you would not do so without his consent or the cousent of his relations ?--If he refused to submit to operation, then we could do nothing for him.

Dr. Ho KAI-I should like Dr. AYRES to go to the Hospital and see how it has been altered, and I should like him if he visits it within a short time, to write us his opinion about it and the improvements.

Dr. AYRES said he would visit the Hospital and report on its present condition as compared with what it was in 1894.

Mr. THOMSON--I should like Dr. AYRES to state his opinion as to what would be the result upon the general health of the Colony if the Tung Wa were abolished?--It would mean a more rapid mortality among the Chinese; and we would have much more trouble in verifying cases of infectious disease. Plague cases, fever and other cases of infectious disease would not be brought to the Tung Wa Hospital as at present; the people would die in their own houses, and although we would find plague corpses we would find very few cases.

The PRESIDENT-Your opinion is that it would be prejudicial to the public health of the Colony to abolish the Tung Wa Hospital?-It is a benefit so long as we can supervise the people who come in; many cases of plague, typhoid fever and small-pox have been verified there, and removed and segregated for proper treatment.

You think the abolition of the Tung Wa would cause the Chinese to secrete their cases of infectious diseases ?--Yes, more so than they do now.

And you are in favour of it so long as the Hospital is kept in a proper sanitary condition and supervised ?----If the Government is willing to go in for the experiment of a pauper hospital independent of the Government Civil Hospital, they might abolish the Tung Wa; but what is the good when the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals are not filled?

The President referred to letters of 5th and 9th June curt., and asked-You are not able to refer us to any special reports on the Tung Wa ?---Since I got your letter I have looked through my annual reports, and I can refer you specially to my report of 1874. In my other reports, I have just drawn attention to certain things in the Tung Wa, without specialising.

Your orders were practically to visit the Hospital occasionally and to see that it was kept clean and in good order?-Yes.

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And during your period of office as Colonial Surgeon, you have carried out these instructions ?--Yes; much more than it had ever been done before. I have frequently gone round there with an interpreter and never heard any complaints.

And you found the Hospital fairly clean?-According to Chinese ideas. In conference with the different Registrars General I have objected to many things, but in certain cases I was told I could not interfere. In other cases we have brought our wishes before the Committee of Management and on our suggestion many things have been altered. I have always conferred with the Registrar General for the time being, and he has brought my views to the notice of the Tung Wa Committee.

Dr. Ho KAI-From your knowledge of them do you find the Committee amenable to reason?-Mostly; but I think the Committee in the old days took much more interest in the Hospital than the Committee do now. In the old days the position on the Committee was sought for by the Chinese as a recognition of standing; nowadays it is rather difficult to get men to serve on the Committee.

For what reason?--I think the Committee has been so much supervised that they do not like it. In the old days men like WONG SHING and WEI YUK were very glad to serve on the Committee; nowadays they will not serve. There is too much European interference. The Committee are being continually called on for explanations for things which they look upon as trifles.

The Committee then adjourned.

Meeting held on Thursday, July 2nd, 1896.

Present:-Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary (President).

Honourable A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

Honourable C. P. CHATER.

Honourable Dr. Ho Kal.

Honourable T. H. WHITEHead.

Surgeon-Colonel EVATT, Principal Medical Officer, Army Medical Staff.

THE PRESIDENT-You are the principal medical officer of the Army Medical Staff in this Colony?—Yes.

How long have you been in the Colony ?-Only since the beginning of May.

Have you

had any experience of the Chinese in any other part of the world ?-Never.

you know anything about Chinese hospitals ?--I have been to the Tung Wa Hospital about three times; that is my only experience.

With regard to the Tung Wa Hospital, have you any suggestions to make to the Commission, the adoption of which might be useful?-After going round the Hospital I made a few notes about it. I noticed the want of classification amongst the cases treated there. I do not think that the Chinese prejudices would be interfered with if a rough classification was attempted of the surgical cases as opposed to the medical cases by the separation of patients suffering from open wounds. The number of commodes was most marked. There was a perfect epidemic of commodes, and there were patients suffering from diarrhoea in the same wards with other patients suffering from open wounds. The Chinese officials in charge of the Hospital might be induced to put these commodes out to a screened-off place. The wards would be kept sweeter, and it would not interfere with the doctors or the patients. So far as I could see, every patient had a cominode.

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Are

you in favour of the commode system as compared with the water system ?—- I do not know sufficient about the Chinese to say. I think the commodes might be placed in compartments in the verandahs, and, if necessary, the attendants might go out for the commodes or the patient might go to the verandah. Personally, I should be in favour of water-closets. The people would gradually get into the use of them if properly supervised. There ought to be a surgical ward distinct from the medical wards, because patients suffering from opeu sores will only make the wards unhealthy for patients suffering from other diseases. The Tung Wa Hospital seemed to me like a combination of a Poor Law hospital, an incurable hospital and a home for the dying. All these three exist in England, but they are separate, in different institutions. The day will come in Hongkong, surely, when all three branches will be separated. Prob- ably, the incurables who are badly placed within the city will be taken to an institution outside the city, where they will be better and happier and able to walk about. The Tung Wa does not afford space for that. In the same way, it is a question how far this should be made a home for the dying, how far cases of this sort should be mixed up with cases for the ordinary hospital treatment. So far as I can see, the Tung Wa Hospital is bound to become the place for the treatment of cases as opposed to an incurable home and a home for the dying.

you think the situation of the Hospital is a menace to public health in any way? That depends entirely how it is administered and looked after. There is a series of wards in the old part of the Hospital-special wards for incurables, I believe--- that require reconstruction or better ventilation. Large open windows should be put into these cells.

THE PRESIDENT-These are to be reconstructed.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-There is only one entrance to these wards?—There is a door and no window at the back whatever.

THE PRESIDENT-Is there no ventilation?-There is no through ventilation. The wall in front of you as you open the door is not a party wall; it is an end wall, and in two or three days holes could be broken in this wall and through ventilation given to each ward.

THE PRESIDENT-These are the Ko-fong wards to which reference has been made by more than one witness. They were originally constructed for small-pox patients, but small-pox patients are not taken there now, and the wards are only used occasionally.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--Notwithstanding that, when we were there a fortnight ago a number of these wards were occupied and there was absolutely no ventilation, except what came in at the door. The walls at the back of the wards are not abutting or adjoining anything, and a window could be cut into them at very small expense to afford through ventilation.

THE PRESIDENT-The idea is to get rid of these wards altogether.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Did you more particularly observe the surgical ward?—Yes. Is it a suitable ward for the treatment of surgical cases and deserving of the term applied to it "a Chamber of Horrors?"-That is an exaggeration. I think. I did not know when I went there if anything had been prepared. It was a surprise

visit.

Did you observe any instances where the bedding or clothing was in a dirty or filthy condition?—Yes, they were in a filthy condition.

Would it be desirable to have some definite rules as to a fixed day for changing the bedding and another to change the clothing?--Yes, I think a series of English rules might be translated into Chinese, and that the bedding and clothing should be changed once or twice a week so that the visitor to the Hospital could see from the rules whether the conditions were being complied with. The bedding was absolutely filthy; I refer to the coverlets.

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THE PRESIDENT-Do you think it would be better to have blankets?--Most cer- tainly. We used to have these coverlets in India, but they have now been abandoned for blankets, which can be washed from time to time, and it would be the best thing possible to induce the Chinese in the Tung Wa Hospital to make use of blankets.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Would it not be well to have a reserve stock of bedding and clothing?--There should be enough in store to give a change either once or twice a week.

Have you gone into the question of cubic space for each patient ?-The way to fix that is to paint on the door of the ward the number of the ward, the number of the patients it is to receive, and the cubic space for each patient, so that when the inspector visits the Hospital, he would have no difficulty in seeing if the regulations were being followed.

THE PRESIDENT-With regard to your visits to the Hospital, did you find it clean? ---I think so; it depends very much on how you are trained. I have been twenty years in India, and I know the difficulty, when speaking of native races, of keeping them up to a European standard of cleanliness. I have spoken already of the enormous number of commodes. Many of them were quite uncalled for and unnecessary.

Apart from clothing, did you think the Hospital clean?-Considering my Indian experience, I should say it was. I was not shocked. In two or three days, however, without interfering with Chinese prejudices, it could be very much improved. The Tung Wa Hospital wants reforms, but it is not absolutely bad.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--Were the native hospitals in India, of which you have spoken, under European supervision ?--I never heard of a purely native managed native hospital in India, and I have never seen the ruins of any native hospitals in India. In every Native State there is an English resident surgeon detached from the Army, and he is attached to the hospital as a representative of the Government, and has a large voice in dealing with the administration of the hospitals. I have never had experience of hospital work similar to the Tung Wa Hospital. Passing from the structure one comes to the doctors. The same problem you have here was set in India and has been solved. The English found a very strong prejudice amongst the Brahmins on religious grounds, but these prejudices have been conquered. The old men have died out and the people have been educated up to the English standard by founding medical schools at Calcutta, Bombay, Madras, Patna, Agra, Lahore and Nagpore.

How were these hospitals established?-Directly under State control. The train- ing of the young medical men is entirely in the hands of the State. The principal medical officer of the Civil administration, a man corresponding to your Dr. AYRES, is ex-officio the director of the school.

THE PRESIDENT----Are the lecturers Government officers?-That is not essential, but they are, as it happens. It is the same in India as in Hongkong. You must have two or three men working together in order to provide for furlough, just as you have Dr. HARTIGAN, Dr. RENNIE and Dr. STEDMAN working together here. In a tropical climate the work of individuals acting alone perishes. You require a larger organization.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Your opinion is that in Hongkong, in order to overcome the native prejudices, every endeavour should be made to teach the youths Western medical science? That opens up the question of the Chinese medical school. I should call it the Hongkong medical school, and put it in the Government Civil Hospital under Dr. AYRES. There a young man would have the opportunity of coming in contact with English Sisters and English, Indian and Chinese patients, and not Chinese only. In my ideal school, Dr. AYRES should be the principal, another Government officer should be the Secretary, and you should appeal to any other medical men in the town to take up special branches and teach the students. It would give the College permanency of

existence.

(68)

Mr. WHITEHEAD-How are the medical schools financially maintained in India ?—The schools are constructed by the State and an annual grant is made by the Government. Hospitals are often built by wealthy natives, but are always handed over to Europeans assisted by native trained doctors to work, and at the present day education has gone on so much that we have as good surgeons amongst the native population as anyone could desire, surgeons who could operate even in cases of cataract and stone in the bladder. They are very good indeed.

Are they maintained entirely by the Government ?The Government grant is a very large factor, but it does not prevent private individuals from founding bursaries, scholarships and exhibitions. Suppose you had a similar medical school in Hongkong, the Portuguese community, headed by the Catholic Bishop, might give a scholarship for the benefit of a Portuguese native. The English church might give a scholarship for the training of a Christian Chinese student, and other scholarships might be founded, although the Government might have the keeping of the fund. There is no reason why a professorship or a scholarship might not be maintained by a certain section of the community.

What proportion or percentage in the cost of maintenance does the Government grant amount to in India ?-At least eighty per cent. There is only a small fee asked from the students. Grants are made by philanthropic gentlemen of various nationalities, and when a distinguished official leaves India it is not unusual to honour him by the establishment of a scholarship in some of the medical schools.

Dr. Ho KAI-In Hongkong if you commence a medical school by charging any- thing like a fee you would drive away students and keep them from entering college? -I know nothing about your experience here. It seems to me that if you had such a school you would be able to get assistants for the Colonial Surgeon, who might act as assistant on the Hygeia, and in similar posts.

Mr. WHITEHEAD- Are the professors paid in India?-Yes. Without exception, they are all Army medical officers lent to the Civil Government.

But you see we cannot without great difficulty do the same here ?-Well, the only imported article you want is a professor of anatomy and physiology. All the other classes might be taken by local men or Government officers. Anatomy and physiology being special in their character an efficient teacher from England is needed. This medical officer would act as secretary of the school.

Have you met here any of the Chinese trained in Western medical science ?-None, except Dr. Ho KAI, but we have at the present moment in Hongkong examples of the Indian training of these natives. In the Kowloon garrison we have 800 native soldiers and only one European doctor in the Hospital. However, we have an assistant surgeon, a Eurasian, with a quasi-diploma issued by the Calcutta Medical School, who cannot do major operations, but when the other surgeon is away, say at Stonecutter's or at mobili- sation he carries on the work of the hospital. He has a small salary and no commission. We have also two hospital assistants who have had three or four years' training in the College, and who are very useful. When the plague broke out, we sent a number of the men to Stonecutter's and I sent over one of these native assistants. He has had training similar to a three years' medical student, while the apothecary has had the same training as a four years' medical student, and the assistant surgeon has gone through the full curriculum. Men of the same standing of this assistant surgeon are pushing out the old native practitioners in India. In Hongkong, I think you ought to have the medical school distinct from the missionary institutions entirely non-sectarian.

Dr. Ho KAI-With a view to educate the Chinese to the benefits of Western medical science you think it is imperative to have a College?-I think it is a most vital question. To me, as the Principal Medical Officer responsible for the health of the garrison, it is vital to know there is somebody teaching the Chinese the advantages of sanitation, &c.

( 69 )

Dr. AYRES has got the Chinese in the Tung Wa to take a patient's temperature with the thermometer, and I think the Tung Wa might be gradually brought into line, as a Chi- nese Hospital, with the other Western institutions in the Colony. If you educate young men in Western medical science, as they grow up they would replace the native practitioners.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-I understand you to say there are no native hospitals in India similar to the Tung Wa Hospital?—I have never seen one. I have gone through the documents you sent me referring to the establishment of the Tung Wa, and I see from them that the Tung Wa partakes of the nature of a Poor Law Hospital. There is no poor law system in India, but the hospitals are, of course, open to the poor.

THE PRESIDENT-You have told us that the Tung Wa combines in itself a Poor Law Hospital, an Incurable Hospital, and a Home for the Dying?—Yes. And it seems to me as years go on that these things will separate; that is bound to happen as the place developes.

Speaking from your experience of Indian hospitals and judging from the condition of the Tung Wa when you visited it, you think that it compares well with the Indian hospitals?-Without speaking of the medical treatment and speaking as it impresses the ordinary visitor, I am inclined to think that it compares not unfavourably with the Indian hospitals.

Dr. Ho KAI-Having studied the question of introducing Western medicine to native races, is it your opinion that it is impossible to improve the Tung Wa Hospital medically without training up the Chinese as medical assistants?—If you do not do that you have a sham Chinese doctor, and if he were ordered to do things under European supervision he would never see the reason for doing them. Putting it the other way, I think it would be very difficult to get the Chinese to adopt Western medicine unless you teach their young men the advantages of it. Speaking from my own selfish point of view as the officer responsible for the health of the garrison, there is a great deal to be gained by training these young men. By doing so you gradually make them your friends instead of having them as opponents to Western medicine. Were they trained, they would not stand the insanitary conditions under which they live at present, and their influence would operate upon the masses of the Chinese in the Colony and so bene- fit the troops.

Have you found that the young Indians once trained change their habits?-So much so that we have them going home to Netley, and passing into the native army with our own men.

Mr. CHATER--What would you propose us to do to bring about a change in the Tung Wa Hospital with regard to the treatment of patients? You have heard how they are treated at present and that there is no medical knowledge at all as we understand it; what would you propose, keeping the ulterior object in view of having Europeans in charge of the Hospital?-I would first reform the organisation of the place; it is most essential to have a certain cubic space for each patient, to have the place perfectly clean, attendants to look after the patients, and to have these commodes removed.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--There are no trained Chinese here qualified for that purpose.— Then you will have to train Chinese servants.

But here there is no such material as you have in India?--I think the Chinese are more pliable than the natives of India. Once you have reformed the organisation you want an Englishman who will, in a sympathetic way, impress the patients that what he proposes to do for them is for their good.

Dr. Ho KAI-However good and sympathetic he might be in his treatment of the patients, would it not be better for him to pave the way by training native students ?—- Certainly; but they would not be ready to assist him for three or four years.

( 70 )

Mr. CHATER--Is there anything else you would suggest?—I understand there is a representative of the Government inspecting the Hospital now. If that gentleman is in sympathy with the idea of training the Chinese, he ought to be able to effect great im- provement. With all this talk of Chinese conservatism, I notice that they have adopted some English ideas in the Tung Wa. The Chinese Directors of the Tung Wa appear to me to be like a Board of Poor Law Guardians, and the Colonial Surgeon goes to the Tung Wa as the Local Board Inspector in England.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--The difference being that the Colonial Surgeon does not speak Chinese and that the Chinese doctors and attendants in the Tung Wa do not speak English.

WITNESS--The doctor who inspects should be a Government officer and should have a representation on the Advisory Board of the Hospital. He should be medical member of that Board.

THE PRESIDENT-The Registrar General has always acted as the intermediary between the Government and the Hospital directorate.

WITNESS--Somebody has not looked into the details regarding bedding and clothing. There should be regulations similar to what we have in our own hospitals, where every- thing is done in accordance with rules and nothing is left to the whim of the attendants.

Dr. Ho KAI-I do not think it would be a difficult thing to get the Chinese to change their sheets; it would be more a matter of means. What we would like to learn from you is whether you would advise us to go bang into the matter and force the Chinese to adopt in the Tung Wa Hospital European medicine only, and for that purpose we should put in there a European doctor to use firm pressure and cure people according to Western medical science. Another suggestion is to do it gradually--to find a sympathetic officer, introduce these young men and gradually work a change in the opinions of the Chinese. What do you think of these proposals ?-Every young Chinese assistant brought into the surgical ward would be a great power for good. That should be done first, and leave the changes in the purely medical department till afterwards. In nothing so much as in surgery is Western science ahead of the Eastern ideas.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-There are some Chinese and some Europeans also who refuse to undergo surgical operations. How far does the Government of India recognise a man's right to refuse surgical treatment ?-A man can refuse to be operated upon. However seriously wounded a man may be he can refuse to be operated upon. It has gone so far in the army that if a man had varicose veins and I offered to operate upon him, and expressed my confidence to be able to cure him, he has it in his power to refuse, and we have got to invalid that man.

Do you think the object of the Tung Wa could be fulfilled by any other organisa- tion here?—I am in favour of the place being allowed to grow up and develop. You could build another place for it.

It is not a question of building; can the present organisation be improved or some other one created to take up the work that it is now being done?

THE PRESIDENT It is hardly fair to put that question to Surg.-Col. EvATT as he has had a very short experience of Hongkong.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-He has had a large experience in dealing with natives in India and in connection with hospital work there.

}

THE PRESIDENT--But Surg.-Col. EVATT has told us that they have no hospital of the same kind in India.

Mr. WHITEHEAD--At the Civil Hospital and the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals a great many Chinese are treated at present according to Western methods. The Tung Wa, so far, has not adopted these methods. Have you anything

( 71 )

to say to us on that point?-Western medicine, so far as I can make out, has been put before the Tung Wa people in a most indigestible form. There are very few European doctors here, and most of them are private practitioners who have to charge high fees for their treatment. If I had power I would establish dispensaries in every sanitary district throughout the Colony. The Tung Wa Hospital ought to be the centre for the medical service for the poor. There must be many poor and broken down people who cannot come to the hospitals. You should have at least four dis- pensaries, and the men in charge of these would be able to send their most serious cases to the Tung. Wa for more skilful treatment.

Dr. Ho KAI-How could you establish these dispensaries ?-It is a question how far the medical department should be developed.

Would these young men already trained in Western medicine, granted that their training is sufficient, be suitable to take charge of these dispensaries ?-Yes.

Mr. THOMSON-You think that by this means you could popularise Western medicine?--Probably. It would be brought nearer to the people than it now is.

You must bear in mind that Canton is very close to Hongkong with a population of several millions, and if it was known there that medical treatment and medicines could be obtained gratis in Hongkong we would probably have a large influx of people to take advantage of the treatment and medicine. It would cost at least a million dollars a year to maintain this department.

THE PRESIDENT reminded the witness that the Chinese of Hongkong were near their homes and that one function of the Tung Wa Hospital was to send them back to their native villages when they were sick, and to forward dead bodies to China for burial.

WITNESS-I saw dead bodies being brought into the Tung Wa Hospital while I was there. Who treated these people before they died? People do not die even from plague in a moment; they must have been ill somewhere and for some time. It is a mistake to send people, say from Kennedy Town or the Happy Valley, or any other considerable distance to the Hospital for treatment when they are in a very bad state. We had the same experience with cholera in India, and we found that cholera could not be checked except by giving aid to the people in their homes.

Dr. Ho KAI-You have seen all the hospitals in the Colony; did you see any of them filled by Chinese ?--I saw them not filled.

So that if you have another institution maintained by Europeans open in the same way to the Chinese do you think they will get the Chinese to go to it ?—No, I doubt it.

So what we want is a new organisation, because we have three institutions in the Colony already. All we want is an institution which will attract the Chinese, and in which we could gradually educate in Western methods?-That is my idea.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Have you seen any of the native so-called doctors in Hongkong? -In India: but not Chinese.

The Chinese doctors have the right to practise here and to use the title of doctors. Is such a thing permitted in India?-As a Colony advances it registers all those people. No medical man could practise in England unregistered.

But these so-called native doctors are not registered, but they have a right to sue for fees in Hongkong. They should be registered.

THE PRESIDENT-- Are the native doctors in India registered ?—No; all the men trained in our ideas are registered, but not the native practitioners. The native practitioner is a disappearing factor, because we have been training natives in Western medicine for fifty or sixty years.

(72)

Mr. WHITEHEAD--There are no disabilities placed upon the native practitioner in Hongkong or in India. The present law in Hongkong places the so-called doctors or quacks at no disability as to suing.-Qualified practitioners are clamouring for it in India.

THE PRESIDENT-If you register a man you practically give him a standing as a doctor, and he would be able to put up a board setting forth that he is a duly quali- fied medical practitioner.-The time for that may not have come here, but they should be registered.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Does the native medical man in India have a diploma and is he required to pass a certain standard ?—Certainly, there is no more difference between a medical school in Calcutta and a medical school in London. The years of study and examination are identical, so much so that educated natives coming into the Indian army come in on the same standing as Europeans. We had two in Netley recently who beat Englishmen, and yet took their lectures in Calcutta.

How do you think the Government could best get accurate and reliable returns of diseases and deaths at the Tung Wa Hospital ?—I suppose they get them now.

What would be the best course for the Government to follow in Hongkong to get reliable returns?--I suppose you want to get a synonymous table of diseases giving the Chinese names and the English names. The classification must not be very minute to start with.

But who are the individuals to be employed who are qualified to give truthful returns? We have been for years in Hongkong and thousands of people have died in the Tung Wa, and the Government only recently took steps to obtain reliable returns of the causes of death.

THE PRESIDENT-They had no returns from European doctors.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-They had no reliable returns, because the Chinese so-called doctors are not qualified to give truthful returns. What I would like to get at is what you would recommend us to do to get reliable returns. It is absolutely necessary to do something.

THE PRESIDENT--At present a native trained in Western medical science Mr. U I-KAI -sees to the patients in the Tung Wa Hospital, and he certifies as to the nature of the sickness from which they die. He is supervised by the Colonial Surgeon, and the returns he supplies are the returns on which the Registrar bases his returns.

WITNESS-Does he live at the Tung Wa Hospital?

THE PRESIDENT-No; he is attached to the Government Civil Hospital as Assistant Apothecary.

Dr. Ho KAI-He was an apprenticed apothecary, and then joined the Chinese College of Medicine and had four years' training, and went back to the Civil Hospital. They increased his salary and he is at present attached to the Civil Hospital as Assistant Apothecary.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Did he have a diploma from the College of Medicine?

Dr. Ho KAI-Yes, he passed all his examinations.

THE PRESIDENT-Would you recommend that, instead of having Mr. U I-KAI or an officer attached to some other department, a Chinese trained in Western medical sciênce should be permanently attached to the Tung Wa Hospital for the purpose of giving accurate returns? In the surgical department there should be a man trained in surgery. As regards registration of deaths it depends on whom you have. If the man is a well-trained Chinese doctor it would be all right, but if he is not qualified then you should have an Englishman. It is a vital question to know and diagnose a disease.

( 78 ) 78)

At present you have the Colonial Surgeon rushing down there to diagnose cases which ought not to be placed upon him at all. He has plenty of work to do without that.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Then you think until we have a Chinese capable of giving correct returns it would be desirable to have a European doctor visiting the Tung Wa Hospital?--I think the Government should be responsible for that.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-How are we to recommend the Government what to do?

Dr. Ho KAI-Suppose we recommend the Government to place a Chinese trained in European medicine in the Tung Wa and have a medical officer, or two or three taken in turn, to supervise his diagnosis, say, for four or five years until the native student or apothecary has gained sufficient experience to make an independent diagnosis; how do

think that would work?—That would work, I should say.

you

Mr. WHITEHEAD-How would you have the cases in the Tung Wa classified? Would you propose to have separate places for the moribund and incurables?-The classifica- tion of the inmates should be the first thing. The diarrhoea cases should all go into one place; and the surgical cases should be separated. They want more cubic space; they should be in a ward where there is plenty of ventilation and air space.

There is the question of wardmasters-qualified men to look after the patients and the different wards.--I must say that when I was there there were no doctors to be found nor any attendants.

THE PRESIDENT-Are you in favour of having trained attendants?—Yes; that is very much wanted.

Mr. WHITEHEAD-Europeans?—No; Chinese trained to nurse. The attendants in a hospital should have some knowledge as to how to handle a patient. It is very important to have this. Iu a case of typhoid fever, if the patient was taken out of bed rather roughly he would die.

Until you have a supply of trained nurses what are you going to do?--I only say that in Hongkong there is an almost total absence of trained nurses. In the Kennedy Town Hospital I saw only one wardmaster.

Dr. Ho KAI-Do you think it is the duty of the Government to train nurses?

Mr. WHITEHEAD-You see, Dr. EVATT, our revenue is only a little over two millions a year; if you were to spend the whole of our revenue in the direction you propose we would still only accomplish an infinitesimal part of the work required.- There are some very intelligent-looking young Chinese at the Government Civil Hos- pital; might not some of them be utilised for the Tung Wa Hospital ? If you have a badly-trained man in a ward, he might so use a bed pan as to kill a patient. The attendants at the Civil Hospital should be men of intelligence; and in reforming the Tung Wa the Colonial Surgeon should be applied to and asked to supply some of his men as wardmasters for the Tung Wa. There is a want of discipline in the Tung Wa Hospital. The Civil Hospital servants should be trained as sick attendants and drafted thence to the Tung Wa Hospital, the Hygeia or the Gaol Hospital as needed.

The Medical Officer of Health for the Colony recommended that a European steward should be appointed to the Tung Wa Hospital-not to interfere in any way with the treatment of the patients medically, but simply to see that the sanitary require- ments of the place were attended to; what do you think of that proposal? That day we visited the Hospital some of the commodes were in a most dreadful state. The stench was enough to make anybody ill who was well, and it must have been bad for the sick inmates. That recommendation carries a good deal of weight with it. Until the Chinese are trained and qualified to do the work, and to do it thoroughly, it would be desirable to have a European steward at the Tung Wa. What do you think of that proposal ?—I would be in favour of it. I am not impressed favourably with the class

(74)

At the same

of wardmasters you have in Hongkong. They ought to be trained men, and not the second mate off a ship or a policeman or any sort of untrained man. time, I recognise that it is a difficult problem how you are to get proper men. of the Medical Staff Corps would volunteer if well paid.

Soldiers

Surely the Government has the means of obtaining stewards to do the work you have indicated ?-Well, I think there is one lady in the Colony, Miss MACKINTOSH, who would reform the Tung Wa in a very little time. She speaks Chinese. And a lady can do more in a hospital than a man. The internal discipline of the Tung Wa is defective. If this was remodelled the place would be at once improved. The surgical cases need a trained Chinese doctor, or a very kind sympathetic European surgeon who would win over the Chinese to his ways and treatment. I believe the place could be gradually reformed, and if a Medical Officer was made a member of the Chinese governing body he would gradually explain to them what was needed--pave the way for reforms and level the place up to a better standard.

The more recently built wards are good in structure and could be made very satisfactory. All that is needed is the directing mind-the location of the Hospital in the centre of the Chinese population is convenient for them--but I would separate the incurables and send them into the country and gradually detach the Home for the Dying to some other place leaving it purely a Hospital for acute cases needing treat-

ment.

This concluded the evidence.

·236

APPENDIX

[L.S.]

[II]

Appendix I.

COMMISSION BY HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR.

WILLIAM ROBINSON,

Governor.

Whereas it is expedient that a Commission be appointed to enquire into the working and organization of the Tung Wa Hospital with special reference to the following details, viz. :—-

1. Whether the Hospital is fulfilling the object and purpose of its Incorporation. 2. If yes, whether the Commission can suggest or recommend any matter or thing by which the present organization and administration of the Hospital can be improved or carried on more effectively.

3. If no, whether the object and purpose of the Hospital can be fulfilled by any other organization with any suggestions or recommendations the Com- mission may make on the subject.

Now, therefore, I, SIR WILLIAM ROBINSON, Knight Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, Governor and Commander-in- Chief of the Colony of Hongkong and its Dependencies and Vice-Admiral of the same, in Executive Council assembled, do hereby under the powers vested in me by Ordinance 27 of 1886, entitled-The Commissioners Powers Ordinance, 1886, appoint you-

i. The Honourable JAMES HALDANE STEWART LOCKHART, Colonial Secretary

and a Member of the Executive and Legislative Councils;

2. The Honourable CATCHICK PAUL CHATER, a Member of the Legislative

Council

;

3. The Honourable THOMAS HENDERSON WHITEHEAD, a Member of the Legis-

lative Council;

4. The Honourable Ho KAI, a Member of the Legislative Council;

5. The Honourable ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer and a Member of the Executive and Legislative Councils ; to be a Commission for the purpose of instituting, making and conducting such Enquiry: And I do hereby appoint you the said JAMES HALDANE STEWART LOCKHART to be the Chairman of such Commission: And I do hereby order and direct that for all or any of the purposes of this Commission three Members thereof inclusive of the Chairman shall be and constitute a quorum: And I do further hereby order and direct that the said Commission shall, for the purpose of making the said enquiry, have all such powers as are vested in the Supreme Court of this Colony or in any Judge thereof on the occasion of any suit or action in respect of the following matters, viz. :—

The enforcing the attendance of witnesses and examining them on oath,

affirmation or otherwise;

The compelling the production of documents;

The punishing persons guilty of contempt;

The ordering the inspection of any property; with power also, for the purposes

of this Commission, to enter and view any premises :

And I do hereby further direct that every examination of witnesses shall be held in private: And I do further require you to report to me the evidence and your opinion thereon: And I hereby charge all persons in the Public Service to assist you

herein.

Given under my hand and the public seal of the Colony, in Executive Council, this Fifth day of February, 1896.

By Command,

J. G. T. BUCKLE. Acting Clerk of Councils.

[IV]

Appendix II.

FORM OF SUMMONS.

In the matter of the Commission appointed by His Excellency the Governor (under the powers vested in him by Ordinance No. 27 of 1886) dated the Fifth day of February, 1896, to enquire into the working and organization of the Tung Wa Hospital.

SUMMONS FOR ÅTTENDANCE OF WITNESS FOR EXAMINATION.

You are hereby summoned to attend before the Commissioners appointed by His Excellency the Governor to form the above Commission at

on the

day of

o'clock

in the

noon of the same day, to give evidence concerning the matters to be

enquired into by the said Commission. And take notice that should you fail to attend you may be fined One hundred dollars or be imprisoned for two months.

Witness my hand this

day of

1896.

須至論者

一千八百九十年

Chairman of the Commission.

奉

於

委查東華醫院事務委員主席駱

傳訊事照得一千八百九十六年二月初五日

傳集証人審訊詳覆等因奉此兹特傳例札魩委員行查東華醫院辦理事宜幷授權督憲按照一千八百八十六年第二十七條則

年

月

日

聽候審訊爾須知傳

日午點鐘親到

"務官親到

篇

加不完罰款或判監二月慎毋觀望致罹重究直說不容玩忽屆期不到或银至一百圓

月

日離

[v]

Appendix III.

MEMORANDUM BY GOVERNOR SIR RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL, C.B., CONCERNING THE "I-TS'Z" OR CHINESE HOSPITAL FOR

MORIBUND PATIENTS.

MEMO. No. 470.

5th May, 1869.

(Enclosure

2 & 3.)

Mr. AUSTIN,

In reference to the evidence taken before the Coroner-as to the deaths of two men

1.) sent from an Emigration Depôt in this City-and also referring to the various docu- (Enclosures ments and memoranda in this Office relative to the gross abuses and disgusting scenes in the "I-Ts'z," or Chinese Hospital, I think the opportunity favourable for establish- ing a really good hospital for sick and moribund Chinese, conditionally that its regu- lations and general superintendence be subject to Government control.

Having regard to the great wealth of many of the Chinese residents here, and the large sums of money which they expend on their puerile national processions and "shows" every year, I think an appeal to them to forego some of that expenditure and apply the money to establishing a well conducted hospital for the relief of their country- men might be partially successful. In fact, I believe that in any case there are many Chinese who are quite willing, if properly applied to, to give material aid; and some $12,000 to $15,000 might be raised for the purpose in this town. The Government might from public funds, or in ground, give $5,000, or even much more if it could be bestowed with advantage, and were it not that it already maintains the Civil Hospital, which is mainly resorted to by Chinese, the Government might fairly be expected to (Enclosure give a yet larger sum. I enclose a document showing that the idea of a Chinese

hospital is not a new one.

4.)

The hospital ought to afford accommodation for at least 100 Chinese sick, of whom 20 might be regarded as the moribund class for whose accommodation Chinese prejudice and superstition require apparently some place like the notorious "I-Ts'z," only that if properly kept and attended to it would be unobjectionable. It ought also to com- prise a residence for a native doctor and a dispensary for native and European medicines, and should be visited by a European medical man almost daily.

I presume the annual expenses would be little short of $7,500, and this expense might be met by guaranteed subscriptions of the Chinese and a grant from funds at the disposal of Government.

In the above observations I merely note down the suggestions that occur to me as most natural; but I mean to appoiut a Commission to inquire into the subject, and I expect from that Commission a full report of the action which they would recommend

in the matter.

The Colonial Surgeon, the Acting Registrar General and Mr. STEWART ought to be able to ascertain the views of the Chinese community on the subject, and to be prepared with a statement in a short time as to what can be effected, and with a recom- mendation as to the best composition of a Committee of Management for getting up such an hospital and working it afterwards. I therefore appoint them to be a Com- mission of Inquiry for those purposes.

[ VI ]

}

Secondly; I suggest that the above Commission should report what they think ought to be done with the "I-Ts'z" itself. The ground is entirely-by terms of the (Enclosure Government Letter, January 17, 1851-under control of the Government, as the

original condition of not using it for any purpose but as a temple has been violated.

5.)

(Enclosure

6.)

I think its use as a depôt for coffins, etc., might be still permitted, but that it should be closed as a receptacle for the moribund-or a pretended hospital. This, however, is a question which I leave to the Commission.

I also enclose for the information of the Commission, a report of the Surveyor General in June 1866, as to the "I-Ts'z," with Memoranda of Mr. QUIN, myself and the Colonial Surgeon thereon. The latter was in 1866, and had for years previously been aware of the existence of the "I-Ts'z," and thought its use "as a receptacle for dead bodies a necessity"-in which opinion, if it had otherwise been well conducted, I entirely agree. When I inspected the place the other day there was not the least offensive odour perceptible from the coffins. I am also bound to add that any person visiting the Temple, and even the depositary of coffins in the rear, might have done so fifty times without being aware that the small rooms on the west contained moribund patients instead of merely the coolies and servants connected with the Temple.

It is, however, remarkable that Dr. MURRAY even then was aware of the practice of taking in the living but moribund friends of poor people expressly sent there to die.

Had Mr. WILSON, however, kept his eye on the place-once his attention was drawn to it—and taken warning from the Memo. of Dr. MURRAY (to which I drew his attention), the recent abuses could never have occurred. Dr. MURRAY, however, himself, in his evidence recently before the Coroner, seems to have forgotten his Memo. of 1866.

(Enclosure 2.)

R. G. McD.

No. 27.

SIR,

REGISTRAR GENERAL'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, April 22nd, 1869.

I have the honour to draw your attention to the defective nature of the provision made for sick emigrants from this port.

The statement that a man had been thrust out of an Emigration House to die, led me to inquire as to its truth. I was assured by the heads of the Emigration Houses and a Chinese doctor whom they employ, that such a thing could not be, as any sick were at once removed to a native hospital, where their expenses, medical attendance, and burial charges, if necessary, are defrayed by Mr. BAAK, the Emigration Agent, and where they had every necessary.

This sounded very well. This morning I visited this native hospital, and found a picture of neglect and misery which I shall not soon forget.

I wish to be distinctly understood, I do not complain that the place is small, dark, and filthy, Chinese places mostly are, but that there is absolutely no care whether the poor wretches placed there live or die, no record of them, and no check on anything that goes on.

At my first visit there were, dead and alive, about nine or ten patients in the so- called hospital. One, apparently dying from emaciation and diarrhoea, was barricaded into a place just large enough to hold the board on which he lay, and not high enough

[vi]

to stand up in, another room contained a boarding on which lay two poor creatures half-dead, and one corpse, while the floor, which was of earth, was covered with pools of urine. The next room contained what the attendants asserted to be two corpses, but on examination one of them was found to be alive, a fact which the coolie who discovered it greeted with an oath, and other rooms contained miserable and emaciated creatures, unable to speak or move, whose rags had apparently never been changed since their admission, and whom the necessities of nature had reduced to an inexpress- ibly sickening condition.

The doctor had not been there to-day nor yesterday, nobody knew when he would come, he comes "sometimes." No record is kept of deaths, but of admissions a record is "sometimes" also kept. Three slips of paper were at last produced as the entire records of the place, they referred to three patients. The keeper "could not remember" the names of any particular cases.

I must repeat that I hardly complain of the filth and wretchdness of the place, compared with the borrible indifference as to whether these poor creatures die or live. The place itself is quite capable of affording accommodation quite as good as the class of people it is intended for could have in their own homes. But in their own homes there would at least be some person to give them a draught of water, and to perform the commonest offices of humanity for them, and a man would not be allowed to lie for hours, supposed to be dead, because nobody had cared to find out whether he was dead or alive.

If there is any means of compelling it, I think that each Emigration House should keep its books in English, that a European inspector should daily visit each house and order the removal of the sick, his pay being reimbursed to the Government, that the managers of the emigration should be made to engage suitable premises for the recep- tion of such sick, and the resident services of a Chinese doctor, and that the hospital so formed should be under daily European inspection, all at the expense of the emi- gration, which, I believe, can afford it perfectly well.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

ALFRED LISTER,

Acting Registrar General.

P.S.-I visited this so-called hospital with Mr. LISTER yesterday. I quite agree with everything he has said. It is impossible for me to convey in words the impression made on me by a picture of filth, misery, and neglect which I did not expect to find even in China.

FREDERICK STEWART.

(Memo. by Mr. Willcocks.)

23rd April, 1869.

According to your request I had a conversation with my teacher, relative to the "I-Ts'z," ie., native hospital.

I carefully avoided leading him to believe that the information would be made use of. Had he fancied for one moment that such would be the case, I should have got nothing from him. What I gathered was in ordinary conversation.

He represents a state of things, which, if true, ought not to exist in any civilized place.

[ VIII]

Some years ago, some person or persons, made a collection among the shop-keepers, for the purpose of building a place for sick coolies.

After the money was collected, my teacher is under the impression, that on am application to the Governor, a piece of land was given for this purpose, free of taxes; (but of this he is not certain).

In Hongkong a number of men frequently work in a very small room. In this room they also eat and sleep. If one of their number is very ill, the master of the shop gets a couple of coolies, and has him conveyed to the "I-Ts'z.”

The "I-Ts'z" consists of two small rooms, which are in the foulest condition. Sometimes as many as thirty patients are huddled together in it. There is not, as there could not possibly be, any classification of patients. Those who are afflicted with the most contagious disease lie side by side with those who are ill, maybe, from old age.

Before the patient is adınitted into the "I-Ts'z," the person in charge of it enquires how much he is to receive for looking after him. No money, no admission.

The sum paid varies from four or five hundred cash to three dollars, according to the master's liberality, or the coolie's means.

For this the man is allowed to die. He gets food of the worst description, and of that the smallest quantity. No medical attendance, no medicines.

My teacher is under the impression that if no such place as the "I-Ts'z" existed, many lives would be saved annually, for then the masters would be compelled to take charge of their sick. That one or other of the sick man's shop-mates or friends would look after him, and supply him with at least enough to eat. He

He says "the Governor ought to take it away," i.e., destroy it.

I feel convinced that if this account is true, and that the case was brought before His Excellency the Governor, he would make short work of it.

F. STEWART, Esq.,

fc.,

&c.,

&c.

E. J. R. WILLCOCKS.

(Enclosure 3.)

(Minute by The Governor.)

Mr. AUSTIN,

There is unquestionably something very revolting in finding suddenly that such heartless cruelty and filth could be found in any building in this City.

Nevertheless, the laws seem not so bad, and the Registrar General himself is to blame for the existence of such disreputable places as the Chinese hospital which he describes. Under Ordinance 8 of 1858 it seems to me that he is specially expected and authorised (section 4) to look after the interests of the Chinese, and that with him rests the responsibility of visiting houses and tenements of every description where Chinese coolies and others-emigrants are particularly mentioned--are harbored (not in the actual employment of the householder); and that (section 19) he is bound to see after the licensing of such houses, to inspect them, "and enforce therein the observance of good order, decency and morality, and the prevention and punishment of nuisances and other abuses" amongst the inmates of such houses.

To assist him penalties up to fifty dollars can be enforced against parties not con- forming themselves to the Regulations made by the Registrar General, or not having licences for keeping such houses as those in which the disgusting, scenes reported took place.

[IX]

Now I should like to have a copy of the Registrar General's Rules on such subjects, and if in forty-eight hours such a place as the Chinese hospital and in such a condition exists in this town, I shall consider that the Registrar General does not carry out his duty.

He had better take this paper and wait on the Attorney General to consult him as to the best means of promptly terminating the evils reported, and punishing such parties as can be legally punished for the heartless and inhuman conduct detailed in Mr. LISTER's report.

If further legislation be required--which does not seem to be the case--I am pre- pared to undertake it.

23rd April, 1869.

R. G. McD.

(Report by Mr. Lister.)

I am glad to be able to report that the horrors of the "I-Ts'z' exist no longer. Through the co-operation of Dr. MURRAY and Mr. DEANE I have cleared out the place and the survivors are in Hospital. Mr. STEWART is to hold an inquest on one of the bodies (sent from an Emigration House) this evening at four. I think the suppression of the place will be known to the public this evening.

The keepers, who will of course attend the inquest, are white-washing and other- wise cleansing it. I have nevertheless forbidden all further admissions on pain of being instantly summoned as a nuisance. I very much hope that this opportunity will enable me to mature a scheme at which I have been working in conjunction with Mr. FAN A-WYE for a year, i.e., a proper Chinese hospital. I never could before discover what made certain influential Chinese so obstructive to Mr. A-wYE's project, but I perfectly understand it now. I may mention that a hospital for out-door patients estab- lished through his means at Wanchai is a model of order and cleanliness. In regard to His Excellency's query as to the Rules of this Office for Inspection of Emigration Houses, I may point out that the places from which the emigrants have been sent to this wretched hospital are the "Depôts" named in the Hongkong Emigration Ordinance 6 of 1867, section 3, and such Depôts by section 6 of that Ordinance are placed under the control of the Harbour Master. Whether the Registrar General was intended to exercise a general supervision as well, I do not know, but I have hitherto always tried to do so, mostly because I was acting wrongly under Ordinance 8 of 1858, section 19, which does not apply, because when the emigrants become "actually and bonâ fide engaged" to emigrate they pass from my control.

Nevertheless I always did keep as much vigilance as I could on these points :-

1. Sleeping accommodation,

2. Provision for the necessities of nature,

3. A supply of drinking water,

4. Reasonable cleanliness ;

and it was always a source of uneasiness to me that I could not go personally as often. as I should have wished. I can say honestly that only the very great amount of work absolutely pressing at this Office prevented me. When I could not go myself I always

sent.

I do not think the Emigration Houses amiss, as Chinese places go, but this ques- tion of sick emigrants has arisen suddenly on account of the new plan of getting men from Chin Chiu and elsewhere. Only the most wretchedly abject and poor come, and

[x]

as Mr. CALDWELL says that out of 600, only 290 have been chosen, 310 miserable creatures have been thrown on the Colony, who will almost all be buried within a few weeks at the public expense. I quite understand now what I have been hearing from Dr. COCHRANE as to the great mortality amongst the Chinese.

I think section 8 of the Emigration Ordinance is very clear as to the medical requirements of even "Intending Emigrants" and "all matters and things in any way relating to the comfort and well-being of such emigrants both before their departure and on their voyage.'

I do not wish for a moment, however. to put away any of my own responsibility in the matter. I feel utterly grieved and ashamed that such horrors should exist in a Chinese community with which I am in such intimate relations. I had, however, in- spected this place before, and found it empty of patients, and clean (so to speak). And as I said before, if they would take care of the patients the place might do well enough. I had no idea that care was not taken of them, and I think that its horrors must have been the growth only of the last few weeks, as Dr. MURRAY tells me that the place has always been known to him, and has been inspected regularly by the Inspector of Nuis- In fact it was a false alarm about some coffins (vide correspondence, May last, in C. S. O.) which first sent me down to the place, which I know Mr. SMITH never

ances.

saw.

24th April, 1869.

ALFRED LISTER.

P.S.-On re-reading Ordinance 8 of 1858, section 19, I find that my hitherto interpretation of it has been correct, and the one suggested to me last night by the Honourable the ATTORNEY GENERAL is, I submit, erroneous, as the words "bonâ fide engaged" apply to the ship not to the coolies. I was intending, before this happened, to bring the whole subject before His Excellency's notice. The' emigration people com- plain that they are to pay fees to the Harbour Master, and also to me, and thus they are doubly taxed.

(Minute by The Governor.)

The control of the Registrar and his right of entry into every building where there may be a Chinese is indubitable. The question is of persons in a tenement not in a vessel.

There can be no question as to his exclusive right to visit the so-called hospital. Dr. ADAMS does not seem to have had a chance of seeing the sick, as they appear to have been sent away from the Depôts. I shall be very happy to assist Mr.LISTER in his efforts to put matters right. Let him see me.

24th April, 1869.

R. G. McD.

No. 466.

Mr. AUSTIN,

(Memo. by The Governor.)

26th April, 1869.

sure 2.)

Transmit the enclosed paper (C.S.O. No. 1077) to Mr. THOMSETT. I had not (See Enclo intended sending it to him till, in company with Mr. LISTER, I had visited the Emigra- tion Depôts and the Chinese hospital to which the enclosed, and the various minutes thereon, relate. Mr. LISTER's illness-the rcsult, I believe, simply of overwork—

[ XI ]

prevents my doing so at present, but to avoid losing time it is desirable that Mr. THOMSETT should see the enclosed, and should explain how it is that neither he nor Dr. ADAMS appear to have inquired as to the mode in which the sick in Emigration Depôts were treated, or as to what became of them.

So far as I see at present both of them are seriously compromised in this matter. Let me have the Regulations under which the Emigration Depots have been placed— for the whole subject must be reported to the Secretary of State-as I am quite resolved not to allow the Executive, so far as I can help it, to be compromised by any irregular- ities in connection with emigration from this Colony.

I do not believe that anything worse than the scenes, reported as having occurred in the so-called Chinese hospital in the midst of this town, ever happened at Macao. It is here that there may be a distinction so far that with this Government to know the existence of such horrors is to ensure their immediate abolition; but the question why this Government was not earlier apprised of them must be referred to Mr. THOMSETT and answered by him.

It may be true, as mentioned in one of my minutes within, that the sick being removed from the Depôts visited by Mr. THOMSETT and Dr. ADAMS, they never actually saw sick emigrants in the Emigration Depôts and never witnessed any ill- treatment or neglect of them.

No person, however, can peruse the Ordinance (No. 12 of last year) passed after very serious deliberation, and read the very extensive powers conferred thereby on the Emigration Officer (sections 6 and 7) and on the Medical Inspecting Officer (sections 9 and 10) without acknowledging that nothing but a very small and limited survey of their duties could have prevented either or both those officers looking after "the comfort and well-being" of the intending emigrants so far as to inquire what became of the sick, for they must have known there were sick, and should have recollected that such unfortunate persons were friendless strangers and penniless here.

It seems to me therefore that the question, why the evils reported by Mr. STEWART and Mr. LISTER were not sooner discovered by the Emigration and Medical Officers is a question very seriously affecting those gentlemen and which must be very fully replied to.

R. G. McD.

(Report by the Harbour Master.)

I have perused the enclosed correspondence and will firstly reply to my action with respect to the supervision of Emigration Depôts as required by section 7 of Ordinance 12 of 1868. When emigrants for Surinam began collecting here, Messrs. D. R. CALDWELL and J. BAAK, the former a person possessing an intimate knowledge of everything Chinese, and the latter the Agent for Dutch Guiana, informed me as to the position of the various Depôts. I inspected them occasionally, but more with a view to seeing that no fraud was being practised towards the Chinese, and that they knew. distinctly and clearly the terms on which they were to emigrate. In none of my visits did I see any sick persons, and I should have been surprised had I found any, as persons engaged recruiting emigrants know full well that none but strong and healthy men are accepted. Had I seen or heard of any requiring medical treatment, I should have directed their removal to the Civil Hospital, as until the recent inquiry I was in ignorance of the existence of the so-called Chinese hospital.

It appears to have been extensively circulated on the mainland that Mr. CALDWELL would guarantee that the emigration was bonâ fide and strictly fair. The result of this

[ XII ]

has been that many more Chinese than were required came here, and possibly amongst them, some, who on presenting themselves at the Depôts for admission, were, from their appearances, rejected; such persons would then be destitute and are probably those who have complained of being turned out of the Depôts. It would scarcely be fair to saddle the broker with neglect of such persons simply because their services were re- fused. But if the keeper of a Depôt has been found guilty of turning a regularly engaged emigrant into the street because he was sick, he is doubtless deserving of punishment, but I do not see how the Emigration Officer can prevent the ejectment unless he witnesses it.

On the 10th instant I visited the Depôts with the Medical Inspector for the purpose of issuing permits to those persons willing to become emigrants and whom the doctor pronounced fit. Every man passed individually, firstly, through the Inspector's hands and then through mine. Another batch passed through my Office on the 17th in the same inanuer. Had there been any seriously ill amongst them they must have been detected.

I observed that there were many more men than were required, and in reply to my inquiry Mr. CALDWELL told me he would send the surplus back.

Mr. LISTER is in error when he implies that because 290 only were chosen out of 600, that the remaining 310 were rejected because they were wretched, poor and miser- able. The Ferdinand Brown can carry but 297 passengers, so that number of the healthiest and strongest were shipped; but had there been time to prepare and despatch another before the 1st proximo, nearly the whole of the remainder would also have emigrated. As it is, such as desire it are provided with passages back.

There has lately been so much difficulty in procuring emigrants that the Agent was unprepared for this sudden influx, or two ships would have been made ready for them, for the demand in Dutch Guiana is much greater than the supply has hitherto been. My duties as Emigration Officer are clearly laid down by Act of Parliament and local Ordinances, and consist in seeing that emigrants are not fraudulently obtained, that they understand the nature of their contracts, that the provisions for the voyage are fit and sufficient, and with the assistance of a medical man to see that none but healthy persons embark. Ordinance 12 of 1868 very properly created a Government Officer for the latter purpose. If, in performing these duties I meet with sickness, ordinary humanity would dictate the propriety of having it attended to; but, as I said before, it would be to the Civil Hospital that my attention would be directed. Regulations under section 7 of Ordinance 6 of 1867 were drafted, but that Ordinance was not confirmed. In its substitute 12 of 1868 this provision was left out. The present rules are verbal and refer to crowding, cleanliness and free ingress and egress. provides for the medical supervision.

Section 9

Thus far my report is simply a straightforward statement, but the second part is one that I approach with some diffidence as I have to shew that any one but myself is answerable for the state of things at the Chinese hospital.

In Mr. LISTER's report of the 24th instant he says-"through the co-operation of Dr. MURRAY and Mr. DEANE I have cleaned out the place and the survivors' are in Hospital." If Mr. LISTER had then thought this hospital was a branch of the Emi- gration Depôts, it is only natural to suppose that he would have communicated with me that I also might co-operate in the cleansing, &c., &c., necessary; but he evidently did not think it a matter within my departmental duties and therefore did not refer to But any one reading his report could arrive at no other conclusion than that this place was specially established for the cure or kill of sick emigrants, and consequently he saddles the Emigration Officer with the responsibility of all the iniquities that havė existed in it.

me.

I believe the place was established about 20 years ago for the cure of any sick Chinese no matter who or what they were, and I am disposed to think that its conduct

[ XIII]

•

has been much the same since its origin. If, contrary to this opinion, up to within a few weeks the place was well conducted, it seems odd that with the admission of emigrants the good order hitherto prevailing ceased.

It does not appear that the proprietors or surgeons, if any, of the establishment were changed when emigrants went there, but that those interested in its well-being suddenly discontinued their visits, the result being as described in this correspondence.

Mr. LISTER in his letter of the 23rd strangely does not complain of the want of space, light and cleanliness of this hospital. I submit that if the supervisors of this den quietly acquiesced in the existence of a hospital that is small, dark and filthy, they are responsible for it.

Mr. WILLCOCKS' minute on the state of affairs at this so-called hospital, confirmed by Mr. TONNOCHY's teacher as to the purposes for which this place was established, would lead me to suppose that no Officers of this Government had ever visited it, or if they did, why they did not bring the matter to the notice of the Government is for them to explain.

I am told that the meaning of the term "I-Ts'z" () is public shrine, and that the house was never intended solely as a hospital, but that it is also a place where the destitute dying are sent to, to die.

27th April, 1869.

(Minute by the Governor.)

H. G. THOMSETT,

Harbour Master, &c.

Mr. AUSTIN,

Mr. THOMSETT establishes pretty clearly his own ignorance of the existence of such a place as the hospital in question, and also proves that it was not likely in the discharge of his ordinary duty he should have had his attention callel to any such persons, as none such would have been presented for his inspection. I, nevertheless, think the local Ordinance gives him very much larger powers than he admits, and I request that in future he will insist on knowing how any persons coming over on invitation of Emi- gration Brokers are treated, and also what becomes of emigrants when sick.

It is quite obvious that sickness in an Einigration Depôt is a probable contingency, and Mr. THOMSETT should cause preparations to be made for it of some better description than turning patients out bodily.

He must look on this as part of his duty in future, and Mr. LISTER must consider himself bound to give him every assistance.

Dr. MURRAY should now explain how it is that as Health Officer and having control over the inspectors of nuisances, he never reported the existence of the "I-Ts'z."

Mr. THOMSETT says it has been in existence 20 years! Is it certain that similar undiscovered dens are not at this moment a disgrace to the Colony? Having found the Registrar General and the Harbour Master professing ignorance of their responsibility, I now request explanation of the Colonial Surgeon, who, no doubt, will claim similar immunity; whereas I incline to think that the Secretary of State will consider that all three are responsible for the existence of such a place, and that each of the three had a perfect right to interfere.

28th April, 1869.

R. G. McD.

[ XIV]

(Report by the Colonial Surgeon.)

No one could have been more surprised and shocked at the frightful revelations in reference to the "I-Ts'z” than I have been, more especially as I have known the place for 10 years--but only as a miniature "City of the Dead," for the reception of Chinese bodies waiting removal to the districts in which the dead persons were born. I never saw a living sick person in the place, and if its use for other than the purpose I have mentioned was either unknown to the l'olice, or unreported by the Police, it is scarcely surprising that I should not have known it. Had I done so, I would undoubtedly have brought the matter before the notice of His Excellency.

I. MURRAY,

30. 4. 69.

(Enclosure 4.)

Colonial Surgeon.

No. 13.

SIR,

REGISTRAR GENERAL'S OFFICE, VICTORIA, HONGKONG, 19th February, 1867.

With reference to the premises granted by His Excellency The Governor to certain Chinese to build a hospital, and which is noted on Document C.S.O. No. 503 of 1866, I have the honour to request that reference may be made to the Attorney General for information as to the exact mode in which the Deed of Trust is to be made out.

The four Chinese, TAM-YIK-SÁm, Lam-Tak-Kee, Wong-Fung-WAN and FAN-A- WYE are willing to take charge of the Trust, and have formed themselves into a Committee for raising the necessary Funds.

I am of opinion that they are fit and proper persons to hold the posts which they offer to accept.

They state that the portion of the land required would be 130 feet long by 70 feet deep, and that they are ready to commence preparing the foundations of the proposed building as soon as the Deed is drawn up.

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY.

I have, &c.,

CECIL C. SMITH,

Registrar General,

(Memo. by The Governor.)

I am glad that this project has not fallen through. I am quite willing to aid it in

Refer to Attorney General to suggest course of procedure.

every way.

19th February, 1867.

R. G. McD.

(Opinion of the Attorney General.)

I should advise that a Crown Lease of the land in question be granted by the Government subject to the usual covenants to the four proposed Trustees at a pepper- corn rent, and that by a separate Deed the Trusts of the property should be declared. The usual Powers of Sale and Exchange to the Trustees should be inserted as well as provisions for the appointment of new Trustees as occasion may require.

་

[ xv ]

This Deed must necessarily be prepared by some professional gentleman acquainted with conveyancing.

22nd February, 1867.

J. PAUNCEFOTE.

(Memo. by The Governor.)

Opinion of Attorney General to be followed by petitioners who must either employ the Attorney General professionally to draw the Deed, or obtain his approval of it if drawn by any other professional barrister.

22nd February, 1867.

R. G. McD.

REGISTRAR GENERAL'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 23rd May, 1866.

The Petition of U Chuk Pan, Wong Yau Ho, Wong Fun Wan, Fan Wai, and

Im A Chak.

The Petitioners have formed themselves into a Committee for the purpose of collect- ing subscriptions in aid of the erection of a home and hospital for the destitute poor and sick Chinese in the Colony.

Their intention is to provide quarters and medical attendance for the sick, and also to establish a soup kitchen for dispensing food to poor families in seasons of dis- tress. They implore the Government to allot them a piece of ground in Victoria so that they may be enabled to build a hospital thereon.

The piece of ground which they think especially suited for their purpose is that situated immediately in rear of the new chapel at the Gap in Taipingshan. The space required would be a hundred feet long and a hundred and twenty feet deep.

(Minute by the Acting Registrar General.)

Some of the petitioners are personally known to me, and I believe them to be sincere in their proposals.

22nd May, 1866.

(Minute by The Governor.)

M. S. TONNOCHY,

Acting Registrar General.

First, let Surveyor General report as to expediency or otherwise of granting the land. Then I may consider the expediency of the proposal on other grounds.

25th May, 1866.

R. G. McD.

[ XVI]

(Minute by the Surveyor General.)

I should value the ground applied for at $10,000. It is not a suitable place for a hospital, as it immediately adjoins the night-soil depôt. A more healthy site might be found for the purpose further from the centre of the city and where land is not so

valuable.

25th May, 1866.

(Minute by The Governor.)

W. WILSON,

Surveyor General.

་

Mr. MERCER,

I think I ought to reply that although I regard the proposed hospital as a great boon to the Chinese inhabitants and think the project very creditable to the petitioners, I cannot approve of the site which immediately adjoins the night-soil depôt. I also consider the land too valuable to permit of my giving it up for such purpose especially as I think the petitioners can find a more suitable suit.

26th May, 1866.

(Minute by the Acting Registrar General.)

The petitioners. have found another piece of ground permission to be allowed to build the hospital upon it. above the circular pathway in Taipingshan and directly

R. G. McD.

and request His Excellency's The ground is situated just opposite the Man Mo Temple.

M. S. TONNOCHY,

Acting Registrar General.

25th June, 1866.

Minute by The Governor.)

Let Mr. WILSON report and state whether ground be suitable and what its value is.

R. G. McD.

25th June, 1866.

(Minute by the Surveyor General.)

The site now proposed was resumed by the Government from the original tenants in 1854 on account of a landslip which took place there causing the fall of a house and loss of life. The soil was described at the time as partaking of the nature of a quick-sand. The ground is very steep, and I cannot recommend it as a safe place for a hospital. No compensation was paid to the tenants as the ground was considered of no value for building purposes.

W. WILSON,

Surveyor General.

27th June, 1866.

[ XVII ]

(Minute by The Governor.)

On the understanding that the intended hospital will be used for relief and cure of sick and destitute Chinese, I am unwilling to withold my sanction from a project which is creditable in its object. Therefore if by building on piles or otherwise a suit- able and safe building can be erected on the ground applied for, and be certified as safe by Surveyor General, I shall give the ground.

29th June, 1866.

R. G. McD.

(Minute by the Acting Colonial Secretary.)

The Acting Registrar General should communicate to the Petitioners the views of His Excellency the Governor and should, if the ground is accepted, take care that the men to whom the Lease is granted are responsible people.

W. H. RENNIE,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

2nd July, 1866.

No. 2.

(Enclosure 5.)

SURVEYOR GENERAL'S OFFICE,

VICTORIA, 11th January, 1851.

SIR,

I have been requested to submit the accompanying Petition, from several house- holders and other Chinese residents of the City, to His Excellency the Governor praying that a grant of land may be made for the purpose of building thereon a temple for the reception of tablets to deceased persons.

The ground applied for is situated in a most appropriate place in Taipingshan on the summit of the small hill west of the general location and about fifty feet from Hollywood Road. I see no objection to the application, and as the ground is unsuit- able for Chinese or others engaged in trade, and quite unsaleable, I beg to recommend it to the favourable consideration of His Excellency the Governor.

I have &c.,

The Honourable

MAJOR W. CAINE,

Colonial Secretary.

CHAS. ST. GEO. CLEVERLY, Surveyor General.

LU A-LING, TAM

A-TSOI, CHEUNG SAU, TONG CHỊU, WONG HO ÜN, WONG PING AND 8 OTHERS.

Petition that a piece of ground be granted to them to build a common ancestral Chinese temple. People of other nations and persuasions have had similar grants; but the Chinese who frequent the Colony being workmen, servants and the like, if they die here have no temple in which their ancestral tablets may be placed. Many of them come from a distance and if, when they died here there was a temple to receive their tablets, their fellow-villagers or connections visiting Hongkong could carry them home.

*¢

[XVIII]

They have subscribed funds and have appointed T'ONG CHIU and TAM A-TIM to the direction of what may be requisite.

10th January, 1851.

T. WADE,

Asst. Chinese Secretary.

No. 14.

SIR,

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFice,

VICTORIA, HONGKONG, 17th January, 1851.

I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter No. 2 of 11th instant, submitting a petition from several householders and other Chinese residents in the City of Victoria praying that a grant of land be made to them for the purpose of erecting thereon a temple for the reception of tablets to the memory of their deceased countrymen.

In reply I am directed by His Excellency the Governor in Council to instruct you to allot to the applicants the piece of ground in Taipingshan recommended by you for the required temple. The lot should not exceed 100 feet square, and is to be rent free as long as it is used solely as a temple.

CHARLES ST. GEO. CLEVERLY, Esquire,

Surveyor General.

(Enclosure 6.)

I have, &c.,

W. CAINE.

No. 95.

SIR,

SURVEYOR GENERAL'S OFFICE, VICTORIA, 8th June, 1866.

The Inspector of Nuisances attached to my Department while inspecting houses in Taipingshan Street illegally constructed has discovered one house No. 3611 in which are 21 coffins containing bodies. The bodies are supposed to be stored here with the intention of forwarding them to their native places at some future time.

I should conceive that if this is allowed to continue it is more likely to cause some epidemic or contagious disease than the defective drainage, and I beg that the matter may be laid before His Excellency the Governor.

I presume the owner of house No. 3611 is liable to a penalty of $100 under section 4, Ordinance 12 of 1856.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

W. WILSON,

Surveyor General.

The Honourable

ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY.

忐

[ XIX ]

(Minute by the Acting Colonial Secretary.)

The coffins must not be allowed to remain in the house.

The Captain Superintendent of Police had better at once enquire into the matter.

W. H. RENNIE, Acting Colonial Secretary.

8th June, 1866.

(Minute by the Captain Superintendent of Police.)

This is a well built open shed at the back of the Joss-house at the west end of Taipingshan Street wherein 20 solid Chinese coffins containing bodies are placed with the view of shipping them to their native places in China when applied for by their friends. They are all hermetically sealed. The bodies have been there in the same place some for 5 years and others for shorter periods. This place has been so occupied for the past 10 years and as the Chinaman in charge states with the sanction of the Government.

I would respectfully submit for the sake of appearances-as I am unable to discover any other offence-that the Chinese be required to build a neat cemetery for this pur- pose on the old Chinese burial-ground immediately opposite the present depositary. As however, the existence of this place is not unknown to the Colonial Surgeon he would be better qualified to report on the subject. Ordinance 12 of 1856, section 4, would not, in my opinion, meet this case.

9th June, 1866.

(Minute by The Governor.)

M. QUIN, Captain Superintendent.

Colonial Surgeon to visit the place, inspect the coffins and report.

9th June, 1866.

R. G. McD.

(Minute by the Colonial Surgeon.)

The house is question has been known to me for years and was inspected by me only a few days since. Some such place is a necessity in all Chinese towns, as the bodies of the better class are conveyed to their native places at such times and seasons as the priests consider lucky. In Canton, in the place called the "City of the Dead," there are said to be some 10,000 bodies waiting removal. But there is nothing offen- sive from these coffins which, as Captain QUIN states, are very solid, well closed, and filled with quicklime, which absorbs all the gases evolved. A much greater nuisance is the habit the keeper has of letting out a few small rooms attached to the building to the friends of poor people who are sent there to die, to avoid the expense and trouble of purifying their dwellings from the "uncleaness" brought by death. I cannot understand how Mr. WILSON's inspector has never discovered this place before, which is within a stone's throw of one of the greatest nuisances in the town, viz., the great night-soil deposit.

9th June, 1866.

I. MURRAY, M.D., Colonial Surgeon.

•

[xx]

(Minute by The Governor.)

- Let Mr. WILSON read and attend to last part of Dr. MURRAY'S Memo.

11th June, 1866.

R. G. McD.

(Minute by the Surveyor General.)

I may remark that the hermetically sealed coffins are made of wood, the joints being filled with putty. The night-soil depôt cannot be done away with till all houses are furnished with water-closets. There is no better site for such a depôt in Victoria.

W. WILSON,

13th June, 1866.

Surveyor General.

(See page

XXIII.)

No. 726.

MY LORD,

(Despatch from the Governor to the Secretary of State.)

GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG, 21st June, 1869.

In my despatch No. 714, para. 10, of the 8th instant, I alluded to the humanity and expediency of assisting to establish an hospital for Chinese with a contribution from the Gambling Licence Fund, and stated that recent circumstances would render it necessary for me to address a separate communication to your Lordship on the subject.

2. Unquestionably there exists amongst the lower class of Chinese, not only here but throughout the greatest part of their vast empire, an odious prejudice amounting to a superstitious horror of allowing a person whether relative or casual acquaintance to die in a house inhabited by other parties, as they consider that such a house would thereby be rendered unlucky and polluted.

3. This national prejudice is said to be often selfishly availed of merely to save the trouble and expense of further attendance on the sick, but whether that be the case or not it is certain that amongst the poorer classes when a person is thought to be at the point of death or hopelessly ill, he is often carried out to the nearest field or hillside and there left to die.

4. There is no doubt something indescribably revolting in the idea that at the moment when human suffering and weakness most require sympathy and aid they should be thrust forth beyond the reach and hope of either; and that this should be often done with a savage and selfish indifference to everything but the relief obtained thereby from the ordinary obligations of humanity. Nevertheless, whatever may be the opinion and feeling of Europe in such a matter, it is a fact that the practice referred to does prevail largely in the East, and is tolerated, if not commended, by the feeling of a large numerical majority of the people.

5. It seems to me poor statesmanship at any time to hope for the avoidance or suppression of a difficulty by ignoring its existence. I apprehend therefore that this Government must accept as, a fact the existence of this practice of getting rid of moribund patients here as at Canton and other cities which have a Chinese population. It is true that parties leaving dying people to perish are sometimes caught and punished by the local Police here, but this does not occur once for 20 cases where there is reason to suspect that the bodies of those found dead had been exposed before life was entirely extinct.

[ XXI ]

6. There are always establishments in Chinese cities where inoribund patients can be sent, as there are also establishments where coffins containing dead bodies hermetically sealed are kept sometimes for many years, and often at considerable cost, till it suits the convenience of relatives to inter them finally. In what is called the "City of the Dead" at Canton there can seldom be less than 1,000 bodies awaiting removal to their final resting-place.

7. I do not think it at all unnatural therefore that Chinese instinct and superstition should have endeavoured to establish a similiar institution in this City, containing as it does more than 100,000 Chinese. The intention to effect such an object does not, however, appear on the face of that which I now believe was the first attempt made in that direction, viz., the Chinese petition of January 1851, now before me, and in (See page which permission is asked merely to build a temple wherein the "ancestral tablets" of their countrymen dying in the Colony might be placed till their "fellow villagers or connections visiting Hongkong could carry them home."

8. A plot of ground was then granted them to hold rent free for that purpose so long as it was " used solely as a temple." That condition, however, was not long observed, for soon after I came here the Surveyor General reported that coffins containing bodies were stowed away near the Temple. The Colonial Surgeon, however, in a minute now before me, reported that the coffins were solid, well closed, and in no way a nuisance, and that he had known the place for years. He also mentioned as a much greater nuisance the practice of the keeper to let out a few small contiguous rooms to the friends of poor people sent there to die so as to escape the expense and trouble of purifying their dwellings from the "uncleanness" brought by death.

9. Your Lordship thus perceives that Chinese usages were gradually forcing their way into our midst, and I specially drew the Surveyor General's (Mr. WILSON's) attention to that part of Dr. MURRAY'S Memo. as he had an Inspector of Buildings under his control. Either the supervision exercised by him was very inadequate or there was not much to complain of till last April when Mr. LISTER, the Acting Registrar General, reported that he had discovered a very disgusting case of neglect of the dying in the "I-Ts'z," as the Temple was called, and described his having seen the dead and dying huddled together indiscriminately in small and filthy rooms attached to the Temple, under circumstances betokening most revolting neglect.

XVIL)

(See page XVIII.)

(See page

XIX.)

XXIV et seq.)

10. The Coroner seems to have made a searching inquiry into the matter and to (See pages have taken considerable pains, as shewn by the enclosed details and evidence adduced at the inquest even as curtailed in the report of one of the local journals. That evidence, however, shews that except in some rare cases of jaundice-which is a sort of yellow fever amongst the Chinese and inspires them with fear of contagion-no cases were ever sent to the "I-Ts'z" except those which were judged hopeless. One witness stated that his brother had been refused admittance there on the ground that "he was not in a dying state.'

11. From the fact that an independent report was made as to the "I-Ts'z" by Inspector PETERSEN a short time after-indeed almost simultaneously with Mr. LISter's discovery of it-I agree with the latter in thinking it very unlikely that the extremely bad state of things reported by him could have existed long previously, and if an exceptional and perhaps sudden aggravation of the horrors-which are inseparable in the eyes of a European from places where the lower classes of the Chinese herd together- has led to the reforms since achieved and those which, I hope, will soon be realized, I think the incidents have resulted in good.

12. At the same time from my own personal examination of the premises I can readily understand that a very good Inspector might have frequently visited the place without being aware of the disgusting filth and wretchedness so near him. It is, however, certain that attention was finally called to the matter by Mr. LISTER and also, though independently, by Inspector PETERSEN. Therefore but for the Officers of Government

[xxII]

such a nuisance might now be, and for years have continued to be, in existence. Never- theless, the detection of those abuses has only evoked from the local Press indiscriminate abuse, so that one might suppose the suppression of such nuisances is a reasonable ground of attack, as perhaps also the fact beyond the control of any Government that such abuses will endeavour to crop up and develop themselves in the rank soil of any Chinese population.

13. I have dwelt somewhat on the history and details of the "I-Ts'z," because they naturally engrossed much public attention, and because I think a corresponding amount of good is likely to result. I judged, and correctly, that the better class of Chinese were much ashamed of the very public exposè of such questionable Chinese usages—and such apparent Chinese inhumanity-although the latter is certainly not a failing exhibited by members of the same clan or village to their neighbours. I therefore thought the (See page opportunity a good one for reviving an old plan to establish a Chinese hospital, and

I enclose the Memo. in which I appointed a Commission to see what chance there was of raising the necessary funds, and to take all other steps most expedient for the purpose.

v.)

14. I have great pleasure in now reporting that there is every prospect of establishing here a well conducted Chinese hospital near the site of the "I-Ts'z," which place has been renovated by the Chinese themselves at an expense of $2,000, and is now a suitable place of reception for a very limited number of patients of the poorer classes. At first I was inclined to think it ought to be altogether suppressed, but the immediate necessity for some such place became at once apparent from the great increase of dead bodies and dying patients found by the Police exposed in and near the town.

15. The intention therefore is to have the "I-Ts'z" maintained for the present as a temporary hospital for poor patients and the proper administration of medicine, food and hospital clothes. Hereafter all patients will be attended to in the new hospital and the. rooms near the Temple will be reserved for storing as hitherto during the last 15 years the bodies of the dead whose relations can afford to pay the expense.

16. It has been my object to enlist active Chinese sympathy in the erection and future maintenance of the proposed hospital, because I think in addition to many other obvious and excellent moral advantages, it is politic, when possible, to place the Chinese in a position where they find themselves heartily co-operating with the local Government -a policy which I have followed with excellent results in the institution of the Native Police maintained by the Chinese entirely from local voluntary subscriptions.

17. I have therefore proposed to contribute from funds at the disposal of Govern- ment $10,000 on the Chinese completing and paying into one of the Banks a subscrip- tion of $15,000. In addition I propose to give a site extremely suitable when levelled -the expense of which to be also defrayed by Government will be upwards of $3,000. It is very gratifying to see the alacrity and zeal which animate many of the leading Chinese here in issuing subscription lists and collecting the funds.

18. On the other hand, whilst allowing a Chinese Committee to exercise a general control over the management of the proposed hospital, it is agreed that the Governor shall have power to close it, and that all the land and buildings shall be forfeited to the Crown in the event of the Colonial Surgeon, Registrar General, and one other Officer deputed by the Governor reporting the place to be ill-conducted, and that it would be expedient to resume the land. These arrangements are to be made by Ordinance.

19. I do not trouble your Lordship with references to the numerous Memoranda and reports connected with this subject. As might be expected every movement of the kind is attended with considerable trouble and voluminous details; but I have only sought to convey to your Lordship a clear understanding of the policy and necessity which call for the construction of some such building to meet certain Chinese special wants and prejudices, which are not provided for by the existing Civil Hospital-as

[XXIII]

may be seen by last year's returns which shew admissions of Europeans and Indians to the Civil Hospital to have been 934, against 223 Chinese. In other words, whilst the Chinese population is from 15 to 18 times as great as the Foreign, the admissions of Chinese to the Hospital were less than one-fourth of the whole.

20. Your Lordship may hence infer the large aggregate of misery, wretchedness and disease which must be either wholly or inadequately cared for in this city; and I believe there is no effective remedy for such an evil except inducing the Chinese, as I am doing, to build a suitable hospital and refuge, open to European surveillance but under Chinese management and direction, so that there may be no such reluctance to go there in the minds of the natives as that which generally prevents their voluntarily going to the Civil Hospital.

21. I trust the above details may satisfy your Lordship of the expediency of the decision taken by myself and my Executive Council to give every reasonable aid to the establishment of the proposed hospital. I have felt it a duty to make my explanations full and explicit, because as the money to be contributed by Government can only come from the Gambling Licence Fund, it is essential that I should prove the object to be one legitimately within the principles suggested for the application of that fund in my despatch No. 714 of the 8th instant.

I have, &c.,

The Right Honourable

RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL,

Governor.

EARL GRANVILLE, K.G.,

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State.

(Extract from Governor's Despatch to the Secretary of State No. 714 of

21st June, 1869.)

10. Thus recent circumstances, which must form the subject of a separate communi- cation, have drawn my attention to the great amount of physical wretchedness and extraordinary moral obtuseness, if not actual depravity, which prevails amongst the Chinese in the treatment of their sick and dying. These evils are not met by the maintenancé of the existing Civil Hospital however well conducted that institution may be, and I am not aware of any nobler or more natural purpose to which a portion of the funds in question could be devoted than that of assisting in founding an institution to alleviate the sufferings of the race by which unfortunately that fund is created.

[ XXIV]

(Enclosure 1.)

Extract from the "Daily Press" of 26th April, 1869.

THE "I-TS'Z" HOSPITAL.

INQUEST.

An inquest was held at the Civil Hospital on Saturday afternoon, 24th April, 1869, before F. STEWART, Esq., the Coroner, on the body of a Chinese emigrant, name unknown, who died in the "I-Ts'z" Hospital.

The following were the Jury:-Messrs. EDWIN FARRELL (foreman), OTTO FREDERICK, and A. THOMPSON.

Mr. ALFRED LISTER, Acting Registrar General, said he first saw deceased on the morning of Thursday, 22nd instant, he then formed one out of from eight or ten persons- in a building in Tai-ping-shan, known as the "Kwong-fook I-Ts'z."

He did not inquire about deceased, but he was struck with the neglect and filth of the place. Next day he sent to carry away any dead bodies that might be in the place, one of those bodies was that of deceased. He could only say with regard to the attendance at the "I-Ts'z," that the attendants could not tell whether a man was dead or alive until they shook them. He had been to the "I-Ts'z" before, but there were no patients. There were six or eight rooms altogether, four of which were occupied by patients. The first room he went into was not high enough for a man to stand upright in. It was about 3 by 4 feet. In this place there was a man on tressels and a Chinese bed. There were no windows, but a few slits in the wall. The bed filled up all the room. On this board lay a man whom he learnt was suffering from diarrhoea. The man was barricaded in, and, when he saw him, was obeying a call of nature, where he lay, having no other place. The man has since died. There did not appear to be any medicine in the room.

He (witness) was given to understand, that the man was barricaded in the room because he was delirious. The next room contained three people unable to speak or move. This room was about half the size of the inquest room, (about 10 by 15 feet). The men were lying on Chinese beds. There were no mats, simply boards. The only ventilation was through the door, which he found was the only medium of air and light. This room was higher than the one last described, and was similar to boys' or coolies' rooms in a European house. The patients were very dirty, but there was no particular odour. All the rooms had conveniences, but from the state of the patients he doubted if they were used. The third room contained three persons, one delirious, and one dead. They were all lying together on a wooden slab, and the floor The next room contained two persons lying on an earthen floor, he should think in perfect darkness before the door was opened. He was told they were both dead, but Inspector GREY, who was with him, thought one was alive; but one of the attendants persisted that the patient was dead. He got the coolie to raise the man's arm to see the effect. The coolie did so, the man groaned, and the coolie: cursed him in Chinese. The other man was dead, but looked horribly dirty, especially about the legs, which showed the man had not been attended to for some time. The third body was dead and offensive. He would incidently mention that there was a coffin for the first dead man he saw.

He made enquiries about the patients, and was

was indescribably dirty.

told some were from emigration houses, one or two were chair coolies, and the rest were people from families or shops about the town. He saw deceased twice before he died, and once after he was dead. Had he lived, he would have been brought to the Civil Hospital. He found that on his second visit (half an hour after the first) one of the dead in a coffin, the floors had been cleaned up and food had been put for some of the people, that is simply a basin of rice put by the people, in fact, a basin of rice with a hard boiled egg in it, and some other things were placed beside a dead body, which had.

since been removed by him. He saw a coolie trying to give a delirious man some tea,

[ XXV ]

but if he might express an opinion, he believed it was only because he was there. He had since removed all the patients, dead and alive, but two only are surviving. He had closed up the place temporarily. He believed that the "I-Ts'z" was a place where persons were taken not to be cured but to die, and thus to avoid the Chinese prejudice of having any one die in the house. The commonest offices of humanity had not been paid the unfortunates while dying. He would like to say, to relieve the minds of the jury and the public, that he did not believe the bad state of things had existed for any long time. He had himself visited the place "three" times within the last year, and the place was regularly visited by the Inspector of Nuisances. He did not think it possible for such a state of things to exist long without being found out.

He thought the late state of things was caused by a number of persons going into the "I-Ts'z," who had no friends or clansmen in the Colony. Inspector PETERSEN made an independ- ent report to him an hour after he had been to the hospital, so the malpractices could not have been long undiscovered. He understood that the friends of some of the patients attended the sick while in the place, at least, he saw one man's wife there. The numbers are two survivors out of seven living, and two were dead in the place, making a total of nine. The people belonging to the "I-Ts'z" persistently denied that there were any books or records in the house. They said they sometimes got a slip of paper and sometimes not. They produced three slips of paper as the whole of the records of the hospital. The people knew nothing of the patients, and the doctor had not then arrived (it was eleven o'clock), and no doctor had not been there the day before. They said he came sometimes. Some of the patients he was told had their own doctor.

him.

The Coroner said that he could corroborate what Mr. LISTER said, as he acccompanie

Mr. LISTER wished it to be understood that he had been on his legs day and night to endeavour to abate the nuisance.

Dr. COCHRANE said the body of deceased was brought to the Civil Hospital on Friday. It was that of an adult Chinaman, much emaciated and in an exceedingly filthy condition. The head swarmed with verinin, and the body was of a yellow colour, so he believed that jaundice, which is so prevalent, was the cause of death. Deceased might have been ill a week.

The Coroner suggested a post mortem examination, which was agreed to. Examination continued-He visited the "I-Ts'z" in company with Inspector GREY and found four live Chinese and one dead body. The rooms were small and close, but there did not appear to be any bad smell from filth; there was only a small one, resulting from overcrowding and want of ventilation. There was one jar in the room, with a small hole in the top. There were no drinking cups or anything of the kind about. The men were very filthy and sick, and there was no one that he could see in attendance. He saw one man was suffering from jaundice. The door was the only place for ventilation. Of the four live Chinamen he saw one dead at the "I-Ts'z,' and three were admitted to his own Hospital. One of the three died' in ten minutes. The other two were alive, but very ill. They were not suffering from jaundice, but too ill to give any opinion as to their ultimate recovery.

Mr. LISTER said if the door of the place were closed, one might pass through a hundred times without knowing the true nature of the place.

Dr. COCHRANE on being asked said the place was utterly unfit for a hospital, and the chances of recovery for patients must be very small.

The Coroner remarked that he should require very strong proof of any one ever having recovered at the place.

WONG-CHI-LAM, the man in charge of the "I-Ts'z," said he knew the deceased, but was ignorant of his name. The deceased was brought by a person unknown to him, who said that deceased was from the "Kwong-kee" emigration house. The man

[ XXVI ]

who brought the deceased to Hospital spoke a strange dialect. No paper was given with deceased, who was carried to Hospital on the other man's back. He also understood the bearer to say that deceased came from on board ship. There are a few people who regularly carry patients from the emigration houses as they say. That is all the proof he had of their coming from a barracoon. He had only received three tickets from the emigration houses, although he had had, perhaps, eleven patients from those houses. He had been paid for all the eleven patients. Some of these were paid for at one time, some at another, but he could not recollect if the deceased was paid for or not. Some- times he got a dollar or two, but for which coolie he could not say. He had received from Mr. CALDWELL $10.40 altogether. When a man died in the Hospital he reported it to Mr. CALDWELL, and was paid. He went to report deceased, but A-kow, who did all business between himself and Mr. CALDWELL, was out having gone on board ship, but another man in Mr. CALDWELL'S house said to him that he could take $2 from what Mr. CALDWELL had advanced and bury the man. He rendered no account to Mr. CALDWELL, who had every confidence in him.

Mr. CALDWELL here said that he had known witness many years and had every confidence in him. There was no regular account between them. Whenever the wit- ness came to the house to report anything he was paid a dollar or two.

The Coroner said that Mr. CALDWELL having mentioned yesterday (Friday) that he saw the worst points in the coolie system, and would mend them, he was quite satisfied.

Examination continued-Some three men had returned to the barracoons from the Hospital. Touching the deceased he said that when he came to Hospital he complained of a pain in his side, but being a Chinchew man he could understand nothing further. The deceased was put in a room, but did not have a doctor. The man who brought him to the Hospital used to come with medicine until the ship sailed, and then no more was brought by that man. After that another man came and looked at him, and on being asked said that the first man (bearer) had gone away in the ship. He (wit- ness) then supplied deceased with congee and tea. If it happened that any morning deceased's friend did not come, he supplied him with tea and congee when he (deceased) required it. Deceased's friend used to come and look at him two or three times a day. The second man came twice, but he had not come up to Court to-day.

A man was here brought in, but witness said he was not the second man who had been to see deceased.

Further examined-It was four or five days since he had seen the second man, and since that time the deceased had been dependent on the people in the "I-Ts'z” for every attention. He had not given deceased any medicine or sent for a doctor, but a person from the emigration house came frequently to see deceased.

(The witness being an old man and seeming nervous was desired by the Coroner to sit down which he did with a long sigh saying--" Oh what a deal of business there is.")

The Coroner desired the old fellow to be told, the reason why there was a deal of business was on account of Englishmen setting more value on life than Chinese.

The witness was pressed very much to tell why, if the deceased was under his care for the last four or five days that he was allowed to become so filthy.

Witness said that the deceased could not drink tea, so it was not considered worth while to take any trouble with him. He got his living by looking after the temple, and selling joss-paper, sticking plaster, &c. He also depended on charity. It was his duty to clean the temple, boil tea, &c.

The Coroner said the system seemed to be that if a man could drink tea, he got it, if not, no more trouble was taken with him.

[ XXVII ]

Witness in answer to the Coroner said the reason why the place was cleaned the other day was because the Registrar-General "came there and held his nose." (Much laughter.)

The Coroner remarked-" that then was the test of the cleanliness of the Hospital: when the Registrar General came there and held his nose, the "I-Ts'z" was cleaned out. (Laughter.)

Witness then added-"no persons are sent to the Hospital, but those of whose recovery there is no hope."

The Coroner said that was what he expected, exactly.

The witness said it was the friends' duty to attend their sick relations, and if they did not come he sent for them. He did not supply the coffins; a man named Su-a- SING supplied them, but that was only an act of charity and exercised when the many coffins given by kind people are exhausted. He could not say how many persons were buried from the "I-Ts'z" during last month, on account of the friends coming and taking the bodies away, which they can do without telling him anything about it. He did not know how many admissions there were last month.

By the Coroner--" Taking one year with another, have there been more or less. patients this last twelve months than the preceding ?"

Witness replied "how could he recollect what took place in a year if he could not recollect what took place in a month." (Laughter.) However, after some time, he said that there were "more lately."

In answer to Mr. LISTER, he said that he had before had as many as nine men in hospital, but sometimes there were none for twenty days in the place. He had seen the Inspector of Nuisances come and look about; sometimes he came once a month and sometimes twice in a month, but he had never seen the Inspector go into the rooms.

Dr. COCHRANE was re-called and said he had in the interim made a post mortem examination and found in the stomach a little fluid and a few grains of rice. From what he saw it was evident, as he surmised, that deceased died of jaundice. It was also apparent that deceased ate nothing for some time before his death and he might have been unable to eat. The deceased must have died slowly, that is, been moribund some hours before his death.

The inquest was then adjourned at twenty minutes past seven, until Tuesday at three in the afternoon.

ADJOURNED INQUEST.

The adjourned inquest on the body of a coolie, taken out of the "I-Ts'z" Hospital by Mr. LISTER, was resumed before the Coroner yesterday (27th April, 1869,) at the .Magistracy.

The same Jury were in attendance.

The Master of the Hospital was called to have his evidence, previously given, read over to him. He corrected part of this evidence. At the former sitting, he said Mr. D. R. CALDWELL paid for the expenses of "burial and attendance in the Hospital," he corrected this saying, that Mr. CALDWELL only paid for burial, any attendance was gratuitous on his part. He also made alterations respecting the people, who came to see deceased. On the present occasion, he said that the person whom he before stated came to see the deceased was a doctor who came to see the "Kwong Kee" emigrants, but was not aware that the deceased was visited.

The Coroner then further examined the witness, who stated-There was no regular Chinese doctor in attendance at the Hospital. In fact, the heads of the Chinese community do not at the present time cake much interest in the Hospital. None of

•

[ XXVIII]

them come there now. He did "not" go to the Registrar General's with Mr. CALDWELL. The second man, who came to see deceased from the "Kwong Kee," looked like a thief, and, therefore, he asked him where he was from. The man went away, and did not return. When a man dies from an Emigration House, he goes to the house and reports the fact, and afterwards goes to Mr. CALDWELL to get money for the coffin. There are no fixed charges for anything that is done at the "I-Ts'z." He depends entirely on charity, but it does not pay well, for he (witness) "was so good-hearted. (Laughter.) He paid one tael to the Fookshow, for every emigrant who died. He had paid some $6 to Fookshow, and owed about three taels. In these coffins were buried two men from the "Loong Kee," one from the "Hing Kee," and six from the "Kwong Kee."

Inspector LIVINGSTON (of Nuisances) for the Western District-It was his duty to visit the "I-Ts'z," although he had no special instructions to do so. He inspected the place once or twice a week. He generally looked at the front, an saw all clean, and once or twice he had been to the back. He had special instructions not to go into any house.

He was aware that at the back there is a row of little houses, but he had never entered any of them, as the doors were always shut, and he took them for cook houses. He never heard groans proceed from this place. He had seen coffins laid out at the back of the place, but they were not disagreeable.

The Coroner here explained to the Jury that it was usual with the coffins of men whose native place was far off, to leave them at the "I-Ts'z" until the relatives came and took them away.

Examination continued-He knew the master of the place, and saw him nearly every day. He had served him with notices to keep his up and down spouts clean. He made a daily report to Dr. MURRAY, in which he mentioned the houses summoned, noticed, &c.

Dr. COCHRANE mentioned that it was the first time he had heard of that.

Inspector LIVINGSTON continued-He had never made any report to Dr. MURRAY about the "I-Ts'z," nor had Dr. MURRAY ever said anything to him concerning the place.

Mr. STEWART said that one of the men who was taken from the "I-Ts'z" was get- ting better, and had spoken to Dr. COCHRANE, and strongly about the "I-Ts'z" and the treatment he had received there. He would suggest the man's evidence being taken that evening.

After some time the foreman of the Jury suggested that the evidence of the sick man should be taken at once, and this was agreed to.

Inspector PETERSEN, who was formerly Nuisance Inspector and now watches the houses of ill-fame, said he visited the "I-Ts'z," and made a report to the Registrar General. He went to the "I-Ts'z" because he heard from the Chinese that there were a number of people in there. He had visited the place about eight months before, and found in it two or three people, but the place was not more dirty than ordinary Chinese houses. He had known of some women to have been sent there, one died and one survived. When he last visited the "I-Ts'z" it was very dirty, but he had seen some Chinese houses almost as filthy. He never made any enquiries about a doctor attend- ing the place until lately. He believed the women were looked after by their friends, but he did not know.

These women were in hospital in Mr. C. C. SMITH's time. He never made any report to Mr. LISTER before.

MAK-A-FOO, master of the "Kwong Kee" Emigration House, said there had lately been seven men sent from the Kwong Kee to the "I-Ts'z." He was not sure, but he thought he had sent three papers with the sick men. (Witness here gave the names of the men.) Some of the men had yellow spots on their bodies, and seemed very ill.

[ XXIX]

When he sent them to the Hospital he sometimes merely told the man who took them to the "I-Ts'z," to say they came from the Kwong Kee. Two men out of the seven who were sent into the Hospital recovered, and five died. If the keeper of the Temple said six died he may have included deceased. A man named CHEW-SOW was the man who usually took men to the Hospital.

The master of the "I-Ts'z" recognised CHEW-sow as having been at the Hospital before, but he was not the man who brought deceased.

At a few minutes before six, the Coroner, accompanied by Mr. LISTER, Jury, &c., started for the Civil Hospital, and, on arriving there the Coroner and Jury entered the sick man's room.

The unfortunate, who was in an almost insensible state, said that he was a brick- layer, and lived in Saiyingpoon. He fell ill and was recommended to go to the "I-Ts'z." The landlord of the house took him there, and paid 200 cash with him for tea. The witness said he never got that unless by shouting out for some time. When he first went in, he found an old woman in the room. She afterwards died, and a dying opium-smoker filled her place. He had conveniences in the room, but becaine too weak to use them. The opium-smoker was perfectly helpless from the time of his admission. He was not well treated.

The witness was so weak that he was not pressed further, and the Coroner an Jury retired.

The inquest now stands adjourned until Thursday, the 29th instant, at two o'clock when it is believed the enquiry will be finished.

ADJOURNED INQUEST.

(29th April, 1869.)

The adjourned inquest on the body taken from this hospital was resumed before the Coroner and same Jury.

The master of the "Kwong Kee" was further examined, and he gave further evidence touching the way in which the coolies were treated after they entered the "I-Ts'z," but the replies which he made have all been fully reported before.

Dr. MURRAY said before he gave evidence, he would observe that in 1866, in his report, he mentioned that 29 Chinese were found dead or dying in the streets in that year; he knew the establishment called "I-Ts'ž," and he had known it for ten years. It appeared to him something like what is called in Canton the "city of the dead," as he always knew the place had no pretentions to be a hospital. He had only once visited the place officially, and he could not exactly recall the time, but it was when the Police suddenly discovering the place, and he was then desired to say if it was injurious to the health of the Colony. He then stated that he had known it for years, and as it was kept clean, and the coffins well chunamed, and emitted no odour, it was not in- jurious and it was right that some place should be provided for the purpose. Once, afterward, he went to the place accompanied by an old Inspector of Police. He found a dead body, and was told it was only awaiting a coffin. On another occasion one of the Inspectors of Nuisances informed him that a bad odour was coming from a coffin. He gave instructions that the coffin was to be chunamed or removed. This was the only complaint he ever had, and he had no idea that the place was being used as a hospital. Had he been aware, he would certainly have had the sick removed to the Civil Hospital

at once.

By the Jury. He had never instructed the Inspector of Nuisances to the place. Inspectors could not go inside houses without the permission of the "owner."

By the Court. He never knew that the "I-Ts'z" was a place where people went to die.

[xxx]

Mr. D. R. CALDWELL examined, said-Before the "I-Ts'z" was built, the Chinese had no other way of disposing of their dying than by placing them on the hills beside rocks, or building temporary sheds over them. In consequence of the Government trying to discover those who exposed the bodies, and taking steps to prevent this, the principal Chinese of the Colony petitioned the Government to be allowed to build a place for these people. He could not say if it was stated in the petition that dying people were to be put in the new building, as he did not know how the petition was worded. This was before Sir GEORGE BONHAM'S time, about 20 years ago. After this, the present building was erected, with a temple attached. He had known the keeper of the temple for very many years. There was originally a committee, but of late years no one had taken any interest in the place. He had been there many times officially, and otherwise, but he had not been there for eight years. For a long time the old man has had the charge of the place. He never for a moment considered the "I-Ts'z" as a hospital, although he had seen the friends of people attending them. He had seen all the rooms set apart for the sick people full of patients. He had seen six people in at once, it might have been more. He always looked upon the cases in the "I-Ts'z" as hopeless, at least the Chinese put them in there with that idea. His attention was never called to any particular care- lessness. He could not say how many were in the Hospital during the year, but more than two hundred. He was perfectly sure that there had been many cases where the men had been thrown into the "I-Ts'z" to die, and no attention paid. He had scen Chinese dwelling-houses more iniserable. Any person has a right to take a body into the "I-Ts'z" and no one can prevent them, as the place is public. The old man who looks after the temple gets his living by selling plasters, etc., and he is what the Chinese call a surgeon, that is, he (old man) cures external complaints. He never heard that the Chinese complained of the place.

Mr. STEWART asked what was the reason that the Chinese did not go to the Civil Hospital.

Mr. CALDWELL said it was the Chinese dread of being opened for a post mortem examination after death.

Examination continued.-There were similar places to the "I-Ts'z" in the inland

of China.

By the Jury. He had never heard that the place was called a hospital, it was entirely a mistake to do so.

To the Court.-Ile thought that it was extreme nervousness that caused the old man belonging to the temple to give his evidence in such a hurried and strange manner. He knew nothing about the deceased, but he believed that the deceased came from the Kwong Kee," but he did not know if the man was sent or not from that house. The fact that the deceased was an inmate of the Kwong Kee for two or three days would not entitle him to be considered an inmate. He wished sick men in the houses to be sent to the "I-Ts'z," as a contagious disease would soon spread in a house where there are over 150 coolies. He imagined in sending the coolies to the "I-Ts'z" they would be treated as he saw men treated there years ago, not that he would be inclined to think that much attention would be paid to the personal cleanliness of the patients, because some have only one suit, and are necessarily dirty after a time. It was not hopeless cases only that were despatched to the "I-Ts'z," jaundice cases were sent away at once. He thought the "I-Ts'z" the best place to send jaundice cases, as he believed they would get food and attendance..

CHUN-A-WONG said his younger brother was in the "I-Ts'z" lately, and died there. He (brother) was sent to the I-Ts'z" on the 11th instant, with fever. Witness took his brother in a chair, and when he got to the "I-Ts'z" saw a woman with a pock- marked face, who lived in the place. He had to get permission from her and other persons before he took his brother to the "I-Ts'z." There was one CHUN-A-FAT there,

[ XXXI ]

who looked after the sick rooms. He did not pay anything for his brother's comfort, but he had to pay 20 cents to the temple for joss sticks and incense, and 20 cents to CHUN-A-FAT, for the same purpose. There was no attendance from the "I-Ts'z," and he did not expect it; he used to attend upon his brother himself. He put him into a room where there were no other patients, and he went regularly to visit him. He never saw any other patients with his brother at any time. His reason for going first to the Hospital to ask permission for his brother's entry, was that he did not know that it was so perfectly public.

Dr. COCHRANE, re-called, stated he remembered deceased being taken to the Hos- pital, and also recollected how dirty the body was, and he was of opinion the deceased was ill for a week or more, but he could not say if death was accelerated by want of proper treatment.

He could not say if leaving off a blanket at night would hasten death, for the majority of the cases of jaundice brought to him were almost utterly hopeless.

NG-TYE-SING, dealer in Celestial cast off raiments, &c, said he knew WYE-A-PO, who was sent to the "I-Ts'z" ten days ago. He was landlord of the house where WYE- A-PO lived, and he said he wished that some relation would come and take him away. He himself sent WYE-A-PO on ahead in a chair. When he got to the “

"I-Ts'z," he found that WYE-A-PO was refused admittance, on the ground that he was not in a dying state. He paid a woman at the Hospital 300 cash, and then the sick man was let in. The cash was given voluntarily to boil something for WYE-A-PO, and look after him a little. (This WYE-A-PO is in the Civil Hospital alive)

SU-A-CHEE, master of the Fookshow coffin shop, said between the book produced —it was a record of coffins sold--but only four appeared as for emigrants.

The Coroner then said he was prepared to place the case in the Jury's hands, and although it had been a long enquiry, yet the case was a serious one, and required to be thoroughly looked into. He certainly thought the case would have been more serious at first, but, after the long investigation all endeavour to fix the responsibility on some one had failed. The first question for the Jury to decide would be, who was the deceas- ed, and how he died? The name of deceased was unknown, but he certainly thought that there could be no doubt deceased was an emigrant, and came from the "Kwong Kee." He had found that emigration was an excellent thing for China, but in carrying out the arrangements for it, that many abuses appeared. Even Mr. D. R. Caldwell, 'with his long experience of China and the Chinese, could not entirely check the abuses. (The Coroner then referred to Mr. LISTER'S evidence, touching the state in which he found the "I-Ts'z," but that has already been prominently before the public.) The second question which the Jury would have to turn their minds to, was how the de- ceased died. Dr. COCHRANE had, in his evidence, stated that deceased died from jaun- dice, but he had also said that he could not give his opinion whether the filth in which the deceased was found would accelerate death. He (Coroner) did not think that any- thing had occupied the public attention, and caused so much sensation as this enquiry, and therefore the Jury must consider that they were representing the public in the matter. It was therefore expected that, over and above the decision as to the deceased's death, the Jury would express their opinion as to the "I-Ts'z" establishment. It would have to be an exceedingly strong verdict for him to disagree with it, and he only hoped that the verdict they would return would be such that an abuse of the kind would never again appear in this Colony; with these remarks he would leave the matter in their hands.

The Jury then retired, and after an absence of three quarters of an hour, returned the following verdict :-

"We are of opinion that the deceased died from natural causes; that a thorough and efficient inspection of the "I-Ts'z" has not been carried out by the person whose duty it was to pay attention to the state of the place. We deem it our duty to request

[ XXXII]

you to forward to His Excellency the Governor our recommendation, that if the “I- Ts'z" is to continue open, and be considered as a hospital any longer, that some efficient and responsible officer be appointed to control the place in a proper manner; or if the "I-Ts'z" is to be permitted to remain a receptacle for dying Chinese, that not only a thorough inspection, but properly framed rules shall exist for the future. We, how- ever, consider that a further continuance of the "I-Ts'z" in any shape is neither desir- able nor necessary in this Colony, and that a more suitable building be selected as a hospital for Chinese only, subject to proper inspection by the Colonial Surgeon."

HONGKONG.

No. 94.

SIR,

(Despatch from the Secretary of State to the Governor.)

DOWNING STREET,

1st July, 1869.

My attention has been called to a paragraph in the London and China Telegraph of the 14th June, relating to the existence of a native hospital in Hongkong to which it is said that Chinese emigrants are sent when their lives are despaired of.

It would appear that you have received from Messrs. STEWART and LISTER a joint report on the disgraceful state of that hospital which is said to be erected on a site granted by the Colonial Government.

I do not doubt that if such be the case you have already taken steps to secure that for the future the hospital shall be under the strict supervision of a qualified Govern- ment Inspector, but I should wish to receive from you a full report upon the subject.

I have, &c.,

Governor SIR R. G. MACDONNELL, C.B.,

&c.,

&c.

FREDERICK ROGERS, for EARL GRANVILLE.

(See page

XX.)

No. 775.

MY LORD,

(Despatch from the Governor to the Secretary of State.)

GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG, 18th August, 1869.

I have the honour to acknowledge receipt of your Lordship's despatch No. 94 of the 1st July, 1869, drawing my attention to a newspaper notice of the existence here of a native hospital to which it was said Chinese emigrants were sent when their lives were despaired of.

2. Your Lordship will probably be in receipt about this time of my despatch No. 726 (21st June last) which gives very full explanations on the subject, and also details the action taken by the Executive here. That narrative will, no doubt, have induced your Lordship to anticipate the eventual realization of much permanent good from the discovery of the abuses which had prevailed in the "I-Ts'z" or native hospital --or rather place of reception for moribund patients.

[ XXXIII ]

In that despatch I informed your Lordship that I had availed myself of those disclosures to induce the Chinese to join in building a permanent native hospital adequate to meet the necessities of the very large Chinese population of the Colony; and that I had also promised them a suitable site for the purpose, as well as a contribution not exceeding in outlay on the site and in money the sum of $15,000.

4. I have much pleasure now in reporting that the subscription list circulated amongst the Chinese amounts to upwards of $30,000, and though in the present very distressed state of trade it is unlikely that such an amount will be actually realised, there is no doubt that more than $15,000 will be forthcoming, on the lodgment of which the Government contribution is to be paid over to the Trustees.

5. As might have been expected difficulties more or less important have occasionally arisen, but they all appear to have been now surmounted, and I see no reasonable ground for anticipating anything but a successful and useful result from the experience acquired a result, which will probably confer on the native community a greater and more civilizing boon than any yet devised.

6. One of the difficulties recently adjusted is interesting as it enables me to supplement the information forwarded in my despatch No. 726 with further and authentic details as to the national customs of the Chinese in the treatment of their own friends and relatives when at the point of death.

7. The Colonial Surgeon had on one occasion found a moribund patient removed to a room where there was already a corpse awaiting burial, and he justly remonstrated against such treatment of any person whilst actually living. Mr. LISTER, the Acting Registrar General, supposed that the Colonial Surgeon had found the patient in the shed outside the Hospital and in the place where the coffins containing bodies prior to removal are stored.

8. Mr. LISTER thereupon appears to have issued a very stringent notice on the subject, and the Chinese who had placed the "I-Ts'z" on its present improved footing and had been most active in getting up subscriptions for the new native hospital became alarmed, suspended their proceedings and forwarded to me a very remarkable petition on the subject through Mr. LISTER. I enclose a copy of that petition which I call (See page remarkable, not merely because it is clearly and well reasoned, a quality common to almost all Chinese official documents, but because it explains, more directly than any modern document which I have seen, the feelings and practice of the Chinese in their treatment of the dying.

XXXIV.)

XXXV.)

9. In my enclosed memorandum on that petition your Lordship will observe (See page that I do not oppose under certain limitations the Chinese prejudice against allowing a person to die in a room with other patients, provided such moribund patients be removed with care to an adjoining apartment furnished with adequate comforts and appliances. To refuse this, which seems to me a very reasonable request, would have completely checked the movement for building a new hospital. I therefore trust your Lordship will be able to approve the course which I adopted.

10. Mr. LISTER having caused a translation of the substance of my memorandum to be published amongst the Chinese, the latter were much gratified and appear now in every way disposed to co-operate with the Government and push forward the under- taking of the new hospital.

The Right Honourable

EARL GRANVILLE, K.G.,

I have, &c.,

RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL, Governor.

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State.

[ XXXIV]

Leung On and others on the Committee of the "I-Ts'z" hospital present a petition.

Petitioners, on the evening of the 20th inst., paid a visit to the hospital, and there read His Worship's orders that in future they must on no account remove the dying out of the hospital, but that on a better principle they must take the sick who happen to be in the same compartment with a dying patient and remove them to another room, that they may not be under the painful necessity of gazing on death, and that if any one presumed to give orders to convey a dying patient out of the hospital, his offence would be no light one, and according to English law would be punishable as manslaughter; the same rule would apply also to the removal of the dangerously ill, if their death was hastened thereby.

Petitioners have read this proclamation with a good deal of dismay. The command not to remove the dying out of the hospital they acknowledge to be excellent, but petitioners never have removed the dying out of the hospital, though they have now and then removed them into other rooms.

His Worship's orders are, that to separate the two, the living should be removed from the dying. Petitioners would humbly submit that the better plan is to remove the dying from the living. For instance, if there are several patients in one room, and because one of them becomes dangerously ill, therefore all the other patients who are not dangerously ill are to be removed, perhaps one or two of these latter will be made dangerously ill by the removal, and then another removal will have to take place, and thus one removal will involve another.

Petitioners therefore will find it very difficult to carry out this rule, and they fear that when His Worship next makes his inspection, there will be only too good grounds for indignation at their want of success.

Again, the usual custom in China is when a patient becomes a dangerously ill either to remove him to the large court or to another house, that he may meet with a comfortable end. Rich and poor alike agree in objecting to the death of their parents taking place in the bed room, and one and all conform to this babit of removing the dying; nor in removing a man whose illness admits of no hope of recovery is any charge of cruelty incurred thereby, and no suspicion attaches of wishing to precipitate the death of the patient.

Yet seeing the repeated warnings that His Worship's proclamation gives, that those who remove the dying, and those who presume to give orders for their removal, are guilty of manslaughter, petitioners dare not in the face of such severe laws run any personal risk.

The hospital was instituted expressly for the relief of the Chinese poor who are under English jurisdiction, and though in the money we have contributed and the action we have taken our intentions were of the best nature, yet in return we are subjected to blame and punishment. If such be the result of their first acts, petitioners fear their future proceedings will be still more liable to blame.

Now one of the regulations agreed upon on a former occasion in connection with the hospital says "The general conduct of affairs and the framing of regulations will devolve on the Chinese, in whose hands the management will be." This regulation was submitted to and approved of by His Worship, and at a personal interview, petitioners had the honour to receive his sanction to leaving the framing of regulations and the management of affairs in the hands of the Chinese, so long as they kept the place cleanly and in good order.

In consequence petitioners made contributions and took measures for opening a hospital.

[ XXXV ]

If, however, it really is to be so, that in everything English practices are to be followed, it becomes the duty of petitioners to request the Registrar General to draw out a list of prohibitions, by which they may direct their actions accordingly, and may venture to act without fear of offending through blind ignorance.

Once more, the customs of the Chinese are as different as possible from those of the English, and if it is according to English principles that the hospitals are to be con- ducted, why should petitioners defray expenses and take the trouble of building another? (when there is an English hospital already).

If, however, His Worship will give permission in accordance with the regulation before mentioned to leave the conduct of affairs to the Chinese, petitioners will find no difficulty in making suitable arrangements; and should there be anything deficient in their arrangements, they must entreat His Worship to pardon it. Thus will petition- ers be eternally grateful, and hereafter their successors in office will not be hampered in their acts by apprehensions of breaking the law.

Petition presented to His Worship the Acting Registrar General, who is requested to forward it to His Excellency the Governor.

30th July, 1869.

True translation,

H. E. WODEHOUSE.

(Memo. by The Governor.)

Mr. AUSTIN,

I have seen Dr. MURRAY on this subject, and he tells me that in the case in ques- tion he had pointed out the obvious impropriety of moving a dying man into a room with persons therein already dead.

Mr. LISTER is clearly to blame for the hasty action which he has taken in this matter, and he must plainly inform the Chinese community that I do not object to removal of the dying provided they are removed with care and so as not to accelerate their end, and are carried to a neighbouring apartment as well furnished and provided with as good beds and as many comforts as though there was every hope of their ultimate recovery.

Mr. LISTER may inform the Chinese, that although I am prepared to respect their national customs and prejudices as to the removal of the dying from amongst the living, seeing that the spectacle of a man dying in their midst may exercise a very discour- aging influence on the other patients, it is nevertheless highly essential that such removal should not be accompanied, by any circumstances of neglect, callousness, or cruelty discreditable to humanity, whether English or Chinese.

Dr. MURRAY had objected to a dying man being reinoved to a comfortless room containing a corpse. I too pronounce such conduct barbarous and discreditable, and hope never to hear of its recurrence, but I do not think the leading Chinese would them- selves permit it again.

With care it is impossible that the Chinese can now misapprehend the views of this Government, and I see no reason to apprehend any disturbance of the good feeling and mutual desire to co-operate, which at present so fortunately subsists between the Government and the Chinese community.

31st July, 1869.

R. G. McD.

།

[ XXXVI]

(Despatch from the Secretary of State to the Governor.)

HONGKONG. No. 112.

SIR,

DOWNING STREET,

30th July, 1869.

With reference to my despatch of 1st instant, No. 94, I transmit to you for your information a copy of a letter from the Social Science Association calling attention to an inquest held by the Government Coroner to enquire into the causes attending the death of two Chinese coolies in the Civil Hospital of Hongkong, together with a copy of the answer returned to the Association by my desire.

I must request to be furnished with answers to the following questions :-

1st. How the places referred to came to be unnoticed by the l'olice for so

long, as appears to have been the case.

2nd. What other places of the same kind may be in existence.

3rd. What is doing to remove the evils of these places and to pursue the

course of investigation which this discovery opens.

4th. Which is incidentally raised, whether the emigration conducted by Mr.

CALDWELL is accompanied by abuse.

Governor SIR R. G. MACDONNELL, C.B.,

&c.,

fc.,

fc.

I have, &c.,

GRANVILLE.

(Mr. Pears to Earl Granville.)

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

MY LORD,

FOR THE PROMOTION OF SOCIAL SCIENCE, 17th July, 1869.

I have the honour to submit to your Lordship in the name of the Standing Committee for India and the Colonies of the Social Science Association, by whose order

•

I address you, the accompanying newspaper reports of two inquests held at Hongkong in April and May last by the Government Coroner into the causes of and circumstances attending the deaths of two Chinese coolies-one in the "I-Ts'z" or Chinese Hospital of Taipingshan and the other in the Civil Hospital of the Colony. The reports are severally taken from the Overland China Mail of the 29th April and 13th May. Of their substantial accuracy the Committee are assured.

The deceased in both cases had been inmates of the two Chinese Emigration Depôts in Taipingshan, called "Kwong Kee" and "Man Fook" houses or hovels kept solely for the reception of coolies, chiefly from the mainland, who have sold or given them- selves to the Agents of Emigration (in the present cases to Peru and Surinam).

The following are the principal facts disclosed by the body of testimony brought before the Inquest in the "I-Ts'z" case:-

1. No report whatever on the sanitary condition of these Emigration Depôts or of the "I-Ts'z" Hospital, or on the deaths of their inmates has been made by their owners or managers for many years past. But for the accidental visit of an "Inspector of Brothels" at the moment of the decease and the further accident of there being a group of eight or nine corpses laid out in front of the place when another witness, the

[ XXXVII]

Acting Registrar General of the Colony (Mr. LISTER), came to verify the Inspector's report of that visit, there would probably have been no inquest in the present case and therefore no disclosure. Yet the Local Ordinances impose the most minute obligations in those respects and provide an ample machinery for enforcing them, even to the extent of empowering domiciliary visits by day and by night.

2. The "I-Ts'z” is said by Mr. CALDWELL to have been built in Governor Sir GEORGE BONHAM's time for the purpose of receiving dead bodies which by an order then made were no longer to be exposed upon the hillside. He (CALDWELL) never regarded it as a hospital. In like manner until the inquest, the then Colonial Surgeon, Dr. MURRAY, says that he too had always supposed it to be a Chinese "City of the Dead." But unlike Dr. MURRAY Mr. CALDWELL, ever since he has engaged in the coolie trade, has been, he admits, in the habit of treating it as a hospital to the extent of sending thither at least the incurable cases from his "Kwong Kee" and other Emigration Depôts. He also admits a knowledge of upwards of two hundred inmates of the "I-Ts'z" annually and having seen there as many as eight at one time. Finally, he con- fesses to having paid the burial charges of persons dying there. But it is clear from the evidence of the keeper as well as from that of other witnesses that the sick charges were also included in those payments, that the white-washing, &c. were also done by Mr. CALDWELL'S order and at his charge (one remarkable instance being that of the work done in the interval between detection and the inquest), and in short that the whole expenditure of the place was defrayed or managed by that same individual.

3. It further results from the facts in evidence that in the "Kwong Kee" and the various Emigration Depôts of Hongkong all the sick amongst great numbers of China- men almost all being persons brought by whatsoever methods from the neighbouring Empire into that Colony are tended or treated by Mr. CALDWELL and those in charge pretty much at their discretion; that cases pronounced by them to be incurable are sent off to the dead house called the "I-Ts'z" Hospital and that the ratio of mortality there is such as to exclude almost the chance of any one coming out alive.

.4. What that ratio may be, does not exactly appear, the jury not having found the totals of admissions, discharges and deaths during any given period, but at least 75 per cent. of the emigrants received appear to have perished within its walls; and of the sum of mortality a notion may be found not only from what has been said already but also from a coffin-maker's evidence (the only coffin-maker examined) who acknow- ledges a continuous employment there to the extent of from one to four coffins daily.

ל--י

5. If your Lordship can have any doubt that this frightful mortality is chiefly, or rather entirely, due to the circumstances above detailed of the unfeeling, sordid, and revolting neglect and abandonment of those poor creatures by their foreign holders or owners, the positive testimony of the medical gentlemen, Dr. MURRAY and Dr. COCHRane, of the Inspector of Brothels and of the other official witnesses will remove that doubt. It would be improper for the Association to reproduce the foul details of the annexed report in those particulars, and they gladly forbear. If the argument a cognito ad ignotum is ever to be permitted it is permissible after reading that part of the report. Those witnesses saw the dying and the dead wallowing together in floods of filth and covered with vermin in their beds, shut in and in their narrow locked cells without egress. They had to arouse the former from their stupor before they could determine whether they were alive. In one instance at least where, according to the keeper's report, the whole mass of corrupting bodies had ceased to contain vitality, that report was disproved by a dying wretch whom they roused into strength and who lived to inform them of his own sufferings and wrongs.

6. Your Lordship will not fail to perceive that it is universally admitted or proved (nay, that even Mr. CALDWELL does not deny) the want of medical attendance, of any attendance at all, of ventilation, of cleanliness, and even of food at this "I-Ts'z" Hos- pital, and the only excuse offered is that at some unspecified time Mr. CALDWELL has seen worse places in some (unspecified) Chinese villages in respect of cleanliness.

[ XXXVIII ]

The case of death of the man found in the streets and removed thence to the Civil IIospital is, of course, not open to all the animadversions which relate to the particular condition of the "I-Ts'z." But in every other respect the guilt of the "Kwong Kee” whose inmate he had been and which had cast him forth to die was the same.

There is the same confession by the owner, Mr. CALDWELL, before the same Coroner. There is the same expression of that Government Official's opinion that Mr. CALDWELL's grief is genuine, and that no more deaths will occur under the like circumstances; and there is the same absence of that satisfaction to the public which consists in the punishment of past crimes and the earnest of future prevention.

The two cases therefore appear to the Association so closely illustrative of each other as to deserve to be subinitted together for your Lordship's consideration.

They venture to submit that there is still much reason to fear for the future on the part of the local authority the saine apathy or connivance with respect to matters of this kind which appears in the two cases now in question, and they therefore very respectfully ask your Lordship to give such instructions as will cause the law to be vindicated upon its violators, and ensure its punctual and faithful observance in time to

come.

I havé, &c.,

The Right Honourable

EARL GRANVILLE, K.G.,

Secretary of State for the Colonies.

No. 1 Report.

THE

I-TS'Z" HOSPITAL.

EDWIN PEARS, General Secretary.

An inquest was held at the Civil Hospital on Saturday afternoon (24th), F. Stewart, Esquire, the Coroner, on the body of a Chinese emigrant who died in the "I-Ts'z " Hospital.

The inquest was adjourned until Tuesday at 3 o'clock.

THE CHINESE HOSPITAL CASE.

The adjourned inquest upon the Chinese emigrant who died in the "I-Ts'z resumed on the 27th when the evidence of the master of the Hospital was read over.

The inquest was then adjourned until Thursday (29th).

was

THE CHINESE HOSPITAL CASE.

INQUEST.

The adjourned enquiry, conducted before the Coroner in the matter of the “I-Ts'z” arising from the discovery of a dead body therein, was resumed.

We, however, consider that a further continuance of the "I-Ts'z" in any shape is neither desirable nor necessary in this Colony, and that a more suitable building be selected as a hospital for Chinese only, subject to proper inspection by the Colonial Surgeon.

[ XXXIX]

No. 2 Report.

ANOTHER PHASE OF THE COOLIE TRADE.

A Coroner's inquest upon the body of an emigrant named TSI A-KWA, who died in the Civil Hospital after having been picked up in the street, was continued before the Coroner and the Jury on the 22nd.

The Coroner remarked that he would be glad if Mr. CALDWELL would come up to-morrow and give his evidence. He would have to adjourn until 4 o'clock to-morrow.

SIR,

Friday, April 23rd.

LUN A-CHING, the sick coolie, was again put into the box.

The inquest then concluded.

DownING STREET,

28th July, 1869.

I am directed by Earl GRANVILLE to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 17th instant, with reports of two inquests held at Hongkong in April and May last by the Government Coroner into the causes and circumstances attending the death of two Chinese coolies in the Civil Hospital of the Colony.

I am to acquaint you in reply that Lord GRANVILLE's attention had already been called to the subject and that he had addressed a despatch to the Governor of Hongkong with reference to it.

I am, &c.,

F. R. SANDFORD. ·

EDWIN PEARS, Esq.,

Secretary to the National Association for the Promotion of Social Science.

No. 792.

MY LORD,

(Despatch from the Governor to the Secretary of State.)

GOVERNMENT HOUSE,

HONGKONG, 14th September, 1869.

I have the honour to acknowledge receipt of your Lordship's despatch No. 112 of the 30th July last, requesting from me information on four points connected with the discovery here near the "I-Ts'z" Temple of an Hospital where moribund patients were frequently sent by the Chinese.

2. Your Lordship's first three inquiries refer to the existence of such a place having been so long undiscovered, and to the possibility of there being any other similar places, and also as to what has been done or is doing to remove the evils brought to light, &c. All these topics have been so fully reported on in my communication No. 726 of the (See pages 21st June last, and again in my despatch No. 775 of the 18th August last, that it ***. would be difficult to obtain additional particulars to illustrate them with.

XX and

[XL:]

3. I trust, however, your Lordship will perceive from those communications that this Government has been from the first perfectly alive to its duties and responsibilities, and perfectly able to deal with them satisfactorily. I have, moreover, some hope that your Lordship has ere this become aware that you can derive as accurate information from the regular channel of communication on events occurring here, as from the parties, who transmitted the ill-judged and unreliable document which your Lordship has forwarded to me, on the part of a Committee of the Social Science Association. That paper is in fact so full of mis-statements and misconceptions that it seems quite useless to comment specially on any one part of it.

The Right Honourable

EARL GRANVILLE, K.G.,

HONGKONG.

No. 158.

I have, &c.,

RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL,

Governor.

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State.

(From the Secretary of State to the Governor.)

DOWNING STREET,

7th October, 1869.

(See page

xx.)

SIR,

I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 726 of the 21st June, enclosing documents and memoranda relative to the abuses existing in the "I-Ts'z" Hospital and suggesting the establishment of a new hospital for sick and moribund Chinese conditionally that its regulations and general superintendence be subject to Government control.

I approve of your suggestion and have to authorize you to contribute $10,000 from the Gambling Fund towards the erection of a Chinese hospital on the Chinese completing and paying into one of the Banks $15,000 towards the same object.

I also approve of an expenditure from the Fund of about $3,000 towards levelling and preparing a suitable site for the hospital for which provision is made in the Supple- mentary Report and Estimate No. 27 of 1869, enclosed in your despatch No. 742 of the 7th July; but I cannot sanction any annual contribution from that source towards its maintenance.

Governor SIR K. G. MACDONNELL, C.B.,

&c.,

sc.

I have, &c.,

GRANVILLE.

(See page xxxii.)

HONGKONG.

No. 181.

SIR,

(Despatch from the Secretary of State to the Governor.)

DOWNING STREET,

9th November, 1869.

I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch No. 775 of the 18th August, furnishing further information in regard to the proposed new Chinese hospital.

}

[ XLI ]

XXXVI.)

The particular questions asked in my despatch of the 30th July, No. 112, and (See page referred to in detail in the enclosure to that despatch will probably receive an answer from you in due course, but in the meantime I have great pleasure in expressing my entire satisfaction at the effective and judicious measure adopted by you in relation to the foundation of that Institution.

I have, &c.,

Governor SIR R. G. MACDONNELL, C. B.,

&c.,

Ne. 947.

• &C.,

&c.

GRANVILLE.

(Despatch from the Governor to the Secretary of State.)

GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG, 19th February, 1872.

MY LORD,

I have much pleasure in reporting that on Wednesday, the 14th instant, I was enabled to assist at the ceremony of declaring the Chinese Hospital open. Most of the furniture, however, is not yet completed, but, nevertheless, as the building itself is finished, it was thought wise by the Native Committee of Management to open the Hospital before the termination of the usual Chinese New Year's holidays, which in 1872 commenced on the 9th February.

XLIII et seq.)

2. I have directed an account of the preliminary religious ceremony and the (See pages subsequent proceedings to be complied from the local papers, and your Lordship will perceive that I availed myself of the opportunity to place before the Chinese the obligations, which they might be regarded as having undertaken, and reminded them of the position, which they would occupy in future, enjoying great freedom in all matters of local details and management but subject to the general superintendence and visits of certain Government Officers.

3. At the same time I felt it right to pay a just tribute to the exertions of the Committee, who have been indefatigable in urging on the work, and who have not merely raised amongst their countrymen donations exceeding $40,000 for the actual construction of the building, but have also obtained a list of annual subscribers pledged to contribute $7,000 yearly to the expenses.

4. Your Lordship is aware that I returned here with your authority to advance $10,000 to the cost of the building and to invest £20,000 for its maintenance. A lesser sum, however, seemed to me on closer investigation adequate for all the purposes which it was politic to aid directly by Government money. I felt assured that nothing would more easily generate apathy and indifference as to the economy and management of details than a supposition that the Hospital was sufficiently endowed from other sources, to enable its Committee to dispense with further exertions on the part of its early promoters and supporters.

5. Therefore, I considered it expedient to set apart for annual support of the Hospital only so much money as, if liberally supplemented by native donations and subscriptions, might enable the objects of that institution to be carried out. In this way a perpetual canvas and unflagging interest, it is hoped, may be kept up.

(See pages XLVII et seq.)

[ XLII]

6. The Committee had already obtained an advance of $15,000 and between $3,000 and $4,000 more had been expended by the Government in sundry matters connected with the building and preparing the ground, independent of the value of the site, which was a gift from the Queen to the Chinese community. Assuming, there- fore, $115,000 as the limit of the total advance in aid by Government, I found there was a balance still remaining due to the undertaking of $96,760. I therefore publicly handed a cheque for that amount to the Registrar General, in his character of Protector of the Chinese. Of that money $6,760 has been paid to the Committee to defray expense of furniture, and as cash for other contingencies; the balance ($90,000) is invested at present in the Hongkong & Shanghai Bank as a fixed deposit for 3 years in the name of the Colonial Secretary for the time being, and bears interest at the rate of 5 per cent per annum. Three of the Committee are entitled to draw cheques for the amount of interest as it accrues, but the principal cannot be touched.

7. Although there are as yet no data from which to form an estimate of the annual cost of the building it seems likely that the above interest, say, $5,000 backed by a subscription of $7,000 as promised by the Chinese, should suffice for the cost of vaccina- tion, medicines, medical comforts, attendance, fuel, &c., &c. This, however, is a point which experience alone can solve satisfactorily, and I fear there is a risk of an undue proportion of destitute persons and incurables making their way to the Hospital from Canton and elsewhere, if the treatment and general management of the institution obtain, as I hope it will; a favourable and widely spread reputation.

8. I need only add that a vigilant supervision is intended to be maintained over the accounts and expenditure by Auditors appointed by Government, and who at present are the Registrar General for the time being and the Superintendent of the Central Schools.

9. The Ordinance (No. 3 of 1870) under which the Committee is incorporated seems to me to contain every useful and requisite power for facilitating the action of the Committee of Management, whilst equally useful powers for controlling and pre- venting abuses are reserved to the Executive.

10. Certainly, if the spirit and business-like aptitude for conducting the under- taking, which has been hitherto exhibited by the Committee, be continued, it seems highly improbable that the intervention of Government will be needed for a long time. Nevertheless, the more continuous and frequent the supervision maintained by Officers of the Government, whether daily or weekly, or monthly, the more improbable will be the chance of any great abuse having time to mature, and this is a point on which I hope my successor may entertain the same views as myself.

11. On the whole I can conscientiously say that I look forward with cheerfulness and hope to the future of the Hospital, and feel thankful that I have been permitted to take so leading a part in extracting finally so much good from the original abuses, which disgraced the "I-Ts'z" Hospital and led to the present important undertaking which your Lordship and Her Majesty's Government have done so much to counten- ance and promote.

The Right Honourable

I have, &c.,

RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL,

THE EARL OF KIMBERLEY,

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State.

Governor.

[ XLIII]

(Enclosure in Governor Sir Richard Graves MacDonnell's ·

despatch of 19th February, 1872.)

Extract from the "China Mail" of the 14th February, 1872.

THE FORMAL OPENING OF THE CHINESE HOSPITAL.

PRELIMINARY CEREMONY.

This interesting ceremony took place with great pomp to-day. It consisted of a ceremonial sacrifice being offered to the God of Shan Nung, one of the three mythical Emperors who are said to have attained the great age of ten thousand years. He is recognised as the discoverer of medicines, but he was not the favourite god with the medical fraternity. This deity was selected on this occasion owing to some objection having been offered by a minority of the Committee to have any gods on the premises

at all.

At an early hour, the Committee, some seventy or eighty in number, assembled at the Kung Sho (Public Meeting Hall) adjoining the Hollywood Road Joss-house, all dressed in the mandarin costume, some even with peacock's feather attached to their buttons. A little before 8 o'clock, a procession, accompanied by a band of Chinese music and a staff of paraphernalia bearers, such as is usual on these occasions of festivities, and headed by a pair of large lanterns bearing an inscription-"The formal opening of the Tung Wah Hospital "-paraded the streets of the Chinese section of the Town and stopped in front of the Kung Sho, where it was joined by the Committee. The return trip of the procession started at the booming of three guns, and the whole body proceeded towards the Central Schools and turned into Gough Street; passing by the premises of Messrs. GIBB, LIVINGSTON & Co., the procession took the course to Bonham Strand and then up the road leading to the Hospital. Amongst those who took part in the ceremony were LEONG ON, compradore Messrs. GIBB, LIVINGSTON & Co., CHUN KUM, compradore Messrs. ARNHOLD, KARBERG & Co., NG CHOOK, Compradore JARDINE, MATHESON & Co., CHOY A-CHIP, compradore Messrs. GILMAN and SCHELLHASS & Co., WONG SUN, compradore Messrs. PUSTAU & Co., CHEONG KAI, compradore Hongkong Club, FUNG MING SHAN, compradore Messrs. A. G. HOGG & Co., CHUN TING CHI, late compradore Messrs. SMITH, KENNEDY & Co., Kwok A-CHEONG, HO A-SICK, Lee Sing, LEE TUK CHEONG, CHUN KUN and others. LEONG ON, being the Chairman of the Com- mittee, took the most prominent part in the ceremony, being the bearer of three incense sticks, which he carried with him during the whole tour of the procession. Three guns announced the arrival of the procession at the Hospital, and now the grand ceremony commenced. The musicians were placed on one side at the court-yard, and the yeoman bearers of paraphernalia were arranged on two rows one on each side of the hall; further up were the Committee divided also into two rows. These arrangements

having been made and a sufficient space having been cleared, LEONG ON, as the performer of ceremonies, stepped forward immediately and placed the three joss sticks he had in his hand in an incense pot. Having done this, he stood on one side, and in obedience to the commands of the director of ceremonies, CHUN KUM, he knelt down before a sandalwood frame, having the inscription of Shan Nung and kotowed three times. He rose up and with great reverence approached the image and removed the piece of paper which screened the inscription; the frame was then handed to two assistant performers of ceremonies, who conveyed it forward and placed it into a glass case at the furthest end of the hall. The director of ceremonies called out "retire," and LEONG ON retired further out to the court-yard, and the officer ordered him to kneel down and kowtow. This form was repeated for the third time, and the performer of ceremonies stood up and knelt down again until he had made nine kowtows. The prayer reader YIM TO NAM, of the Kin Nam Hong, then came forward. He made the same number of koutous and proceeded to read the prayer, which was very brief. In

[ XLIV ]

front of the image was arranged on a long table quite a number of dishes of eatables, consisting of meats, roasted and stewed, fruits, confectionery, pastry nicely worked up to represent eight genii, an elephant, a unicorn, a peacock, &c., and at the further end of the table was a roast-pig, an uncooked sheep, as well as an uncooked pig; the latter was substituted for a calf, which was dispensed with, owing, we presume, to the want of space on the table. Above the image and hung up in the centre of the wall was a scroll bearing the word "Longevity."

After the prayer was read, the performer of ceremonies resumed his kneeling posture and proceeded to offer the sacrifice to the deity, taking a dish of each description of food, beginning with the dish on the left-hand side; it was conveyed to where he was kneeling by two attendants who handed it to two assistants, who, in turn handed it to him with great reverence. He then held it up above his head and gave it after- wards to two attendants on his right, who replaced it in its original place. All the dishes having been offered in this manner, a bowl of rice was offered and then fruit and then tea. The deity was now supposed to have finished his repast, a bowl of congee or wine was next offered. All was finished, the band was ordered to play "great music," and amidst the din of gongs and drums, some joss paper was burnt, accom- panied by the salvoes of crackers and the booming of three guns, which announced the close of the ceremony. When all was over, the services of several actors were imported into the ceremony; they represented the eight genii offering congratulations to the Queen of Heaven on the anniversary of her birth.

While the performance was going on, the concourse of spectators was very great, notwithstanding that all the district watchmen had been turned out to preserve order. Every one was eager to press forward to witness the ceremony, and some were even so inconsiderate as to stand with their shoes on the new cushions of the chairs, which were said to have belonged once to the wealthy POON TINQUA, whose property was attached by the Chinese Government for debts he owed in connection with the salt monopoly. The ceremony produced a profound impression, and every one agreed that it was the grandest ever witnessed in Hongkong. A Parsee merchant shewed great interest, and was present throughout the performance.

Extract from the "Daily Advertieer.”

OPENING OF THE NEW CHINESE HOSPITAL.

The opening of the New Chinese Hospital at West Point, not far from the old "I-Ts'z," took place yesterday with great pomp and ceremony, His Excellency the Governor honouring the proceedings by his presence. A long and gorgeous procession wended its way in the forenoon to the building which, besides being hand- somely adorned architecturally in the. Chinese fashion, was further made attractive by numerous lanterns, pictures and hangings, bestowed in the manner the Chinese so well know how to employ, and producing a most striking effect. According to information furnished us, we understand that the building cost about $45,000. It is divided into 3 sections and 8 departments, and is at present capable of accommodating from 80 to 100 patients. Three doctors, with one exclusively for vaccination, are attached to the establishment, but it is hoped shortly to increase the number to five. The lower wards are divided off by half-wall wooden compartments, and are intended for the poorer class of gratis patients. The upper story, which is better lighted and ventilated, is appropriated for those who can afford to pay towards their maintenance in hospital, and its wards are all that can be desired, having a good verandah, front and back, and being well ceiled and floored.

[ XLV]

At about 1.30 the Hollywood Road along which it was known His Excellency would pass was crowded by a dense throng of natives who completely lined either side, the crowd increasing as one went westward. Sikh and Indian police kept the route (most creditably be it observed) and the Captain Superintendent with some of his Inspectors stationed themselves at the outer door of the Hospital. Several officials and other residents in the Colony were also present to witness the inauguration. It was quite evident that the Chinese looked upon it as a great day, every prominent merchant and compradore in the Colony being present. A double row of these, dressed in official uniforms, was drawn up on either side of the court-yard leading to the reception room while a little in the background a native bag-pipe band discoursed tuneful strains (á la chinoise). At 2.30 Sir RICHARD accompanied by the Honourables J. G. AUSTIN and C. C. SMITH with Mr. RUSSELL reached the entrance door, and, crossing the court-yard amid the respectful salutes of the Chinese present, took up his position in the centre of the Reception Hall. Messrs. LEONG ON, CHUN KUм, Ho A-SIK, and other prominent members of the Hospital Committee were then introduced to His Excellency by Mr. SMITH. Sir RICHARD having intimated his readiness to view the building was shewn round it by the Committee, the others present following; and he expressed his gratification at the creditable way in which the intention of the promoters of the Hospital had been carried out. Returning to the Reception Hall His Excellency then addressed the Committee to the following effect.

Extract from the "Daily Press."

His Excellency said this was a day of extreme interest, not only to the Chinese community, but to the community generally. They were now finishing a work which was begun nearly two years ago, before he went to England, when he had laid the foundation stone of this building. It was not often given to one, amid the uncertainties attending official life, and the uncertainties attending life itself—which were remarkable in his own case-it was not often given to one to complete a work which one had begun; and it added to his satisfaction that having begun it, he should have been allowed to come here and finish this work. Long before they were aware of it, he had commenced this movement-as early as 1867, the year after his arrival. In 1869 circumstances occurred which strengthened his hands and strengthened theirs to induce their countrymen to assist the Government in this undertaking. They all remembered the former hospital, called the "I-Ts'z," where moribund people were left utterly neglected at the time when they most needed assistance. This state of things was discovered by the then Registrar General and Inspector PETERSEN, and the case was so hard that it stirred the whole community, and led to an effect which had not ceased till it culminated in the work which they were now completing. He was thankful to say there was a prospect that there should no longer be those occurrences, which were a great disgrace to any community, and which consisted in the leaving the dying just at the moment when human nature most needed assistance from relatives and friends in a deserted condition. Such a state of things was a disgrace to all concerned in it. It was à dis- grace to all who practise it in whatever part of China they may be. The Chinese had many virtues, but they had a certain fear, a superstitious feeling, with regard to dying persons which led them to neglect the duties they owed to the sickly and feeble in their last moments, and this showed great inhumanity. Now, however, there would be no excuse for anything of the kind. The destitute had a right now to be admitted to this Hospital, and the feeling of the Chinese on the subject was so strong that he could leave the Colony persuaded that they were just as resolved as the Government to put down this kind of abuse. He could not avoid saying that the community was very much indebted to the present Committee, who had laboured hard to raise the necessary funds, and had succeeded in obtaining subscriptions for $7,000 a year, as they said for ever,

[ XLVI ]

to be applied to defraying the expenses of the Hospital. At present it was impossible to say what those expenses would be. The Committee had undertaken a great and responsible task, to give shelter, medical assistance, and comfort to all indigent persons who applied for it, and to give it without charge. On the other hand, they would have many of that numerous class of patients who would pay for more comfort, and he was glad to see the very excellent rooms they had to offer them. He had been most parti- cular in not interfering with the Chinese arrangement of details, but great power of supervision was reserved to the Government. The Hospital was to be inspected by the Registrar General, the Colonial Surgeon, and anyone whom the Government might appoint. Also lest the affairs of the institution should be mismanaged or the funds misappropriated, auditors could be appointed, and auditors had been appointed by the Government. Moreover, if it should happen that the Committee decline and neglected the duties which it had solemnly taken upon it, the Government could pass an Act vesting in the Crown the whole of the lands granted. He only mentioned these things because it was well to keep all possibilities in view, and not because it was at all likely that those who had shewn so much energy in promoting the work would fail to carry it on.

He had just visited the rooms of the building for the second time, and when he remembered that with the exception of a few suggestions as to the drainage it was entirely their work, he was struck with the satisfactory manner in which it had been executed. There was no bad work here, whatever night be provided by contractors for Government buildings. Though he could have wished that it had been in the power of the Government to give them a more airy, and generally better site, still he could not say that the building was ill ventilated or ill lit, or in any way unsuited to its purpose. He only wished the Hospital recently built by the Government had as many well planned windows and doors in its rooms as this. If he had detained them with these remarks, he was now going to make amends by the last part of it, which would be of a peculiarly eloquent description. He had written it down that it might not escape his memory. They would remember that when he laid the foundation stone he had promised to exert himself to induce the Queen's Government to allow a large portion of the Special Fund to be devoted to the interests of the Chinese, on the one hand for relief of the sick and suffering, and on the other for the advancement of educa- tion amongst them. To-day they had to deal with the first part of the plan, and he was happy to say that he had met with great cordiality on the part of the Queen's Government when they understood the object which he wished to promote, and heard from him of the cordial co-operation which he had received of late from the respectable members of the Chinese community in promoting law and order, and protecting life and property in the Colony. There had been great improvement in this respect since his arrival in the Colony. The Chinese put greater trust in the Government than formerly, because they saw that the object of the Government was to do the greatest good to the greatest number. They would have nothing to do with class legislation. That is, they would not have customs here which foreigners regarded as uncivilised, and if any of these customs were an annoyance to foreigners they would not have them. But on all questions affecting material interests, on all questions affecting the interests of law and equity, the interests of commerce, the interests of humanity, they might be certain no class legislation would be sanctioned by the Queen's Government. There was a strong feeling among the Chinese to that effect: they were beginning to under- stand the Government and the Government to understand them better. Well, the Secretary of State had been good enough to say that from the Special Fund,-which was raised from an unfortunate propensity of the Chinese, which the Government had endeavoured to limit to certain places and had succeeded, and that being given up now hoped to put down gambling altogether by a scheme which was somewhat sucessfully in progress already-a large portion should be allocated to the improvement of the condition of the Chinese, while another large portion should be expended on the sup- pression of crime caused principally by a number of Chinese criminals from the mainland, and should be spent on the Police. The sum of $115,000 was to be given to this Hos-

[ XLVII]

pital-they had had $15,000 already, and a certain sum besides had been spent in getting the ground ready, and the balance remaining was $96,706. He had now great pleasure in handing to the Registrar General, whom he had selected because he didn't know whom else to select, this balance of nearly $100,000, to take charge of it on behalf of the Chinese community. He wished God-speed to the Hospital in the name of the God who was common to us all, and he had no doubt that suffering humanity would here receive ready and cordial relief. He declared this Hospital open. (Applause.)

Extract from the "Daily Advertiser."

His Excellency handed the cheque, after it had been shown to the Committee, to Mr. SMITH and then pronounced the New Hospital duly opened. A slight Chinese lunch was then partaken of by Sir RICHARD and the visitors, and the proceedings terminated. We learn that the Hospital is decidedly popular, and that there is every chance of its proving a decided success. The Committee deserves great credit for the disinterested labour which they have given to the scheme.

Despatch from the Secretary of State to the Governor.)

HONGKONG. , No. 55.

SIR,

DOWNING STREET,

17th April, 1872.

I have read with much interest Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL'S despatch No. 947. of the 19th February, reporting the formal opening of the Chinese Hospital.

I have noticed with pleasure the interest and liberality displayed by the Chinese population in connection with this undertaking, and I gladly recognise the merit and value of the exertions of the Chinese Committee of the Hospital.

Governor SIR A. E. KENNEDY, K.C.M.G., C.B.,

&c.,

&c.

I have, &c.,

KIMBERLEY.

SIR RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL, C.B.,

Governor and Commander-in-Chief.

No. 3 of 1870.

An Ordinance enacted by the Governor of Hongkong, with the Title. advice of the Legislative Council thereof, for establishing a Chinese Hospital to be supported by voluntary contributions, and for erecting the same into an eleemosynary Corporation.

[30th March, 1870.]

WHEREAS

HEREAS it has been proposed by the said Governor His Excellency Preamble.

SIR RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL to found a Chinese Hospital for the care and treatment of the indigent sick to be supported by voluntary contributions; And whereas Her Majesty Queen VICTORIA has been graciously pleased by way of endowment of the said Hospital to grant a piece of Crown land as a site for the erection thereof and also to authorize the payment out of the public funds of the Colony of a donation of fifteen thousand dollars towards the cost and expenses of erecting and maintaining the same; And

Short title.

Grant of incorpora- tion.

Power to hold lands

and sue and be sued in corporate

name.

Object and purpose of

tion.

[ XLVIII]

whereas the several persons whose names are set out and contained in the schedule to this Ordinance are donors to the funds of the said intended Hospital, and have formed themselves into a Committee for the purpose of carrying out the objects aforesaid; And whereas for the better accomplish- ment thereof they have applied to His Excellency the Governor to grant to them an Ordinance of incorporation which His said Excellency has consented to do under and subject to the conditions and provisions hereinafter contained; Be it therefore enacted by the Governor of Hongkong, with the advice of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows:-

1. This Ordinance may be cited for all purposes as The Chinese Hospital Incorporation Ordinance, 1870."

2. The said several persons whose names are set out and contained in the Schedule to this Ordinance, together with such and so many other persons being of Chinese origin as shall from time to time become donors of any sum not under ten dollars to the funds of the said Hospital, and whose names shall be entered upon the register of members hereinafter provided, shall be one body politic and corporate, in name and in deed by the name of The Tung Wa Hospital, with perpetual succession and a common seal, and with power to purchase, hold, take, and enjoy to themselves and their successors all houses, buildings, lands and hereditaments which they may require for the purposes of the said Hospital; and shall and may sue and be sued in their corporate name in all Courts whether of law or of equity.

3. The Corporation is erected for the purpose of establishing and main- taining a public free hospital for the treatment of the indigent sick among the Chinese population, to be supported by voluntary contributions and governed by a Board of Direction; Provided nevertheless that it shall be lawful for the Board of Direction to admit any Chinese patients into the said Hospital upon payment of such charges and upon such conditions as may be specified in and by any regulations to be hereafter made in that behalf under Section 10. 4. For the first two years after the passing of this Ordinance, the Board of Direction shall consist of the several persons whose names are set out and Its constitu- contained in the schedule hereto; and in case any such person shall die or desire to be relieved of his duties, or shall cease to reside within the Colony before the expiration of the said term, it shall be lawful for the Governor in Council to appoint in his stead some other fit person to be a member of the said Board, during the residue of the said term.

Preliminary Board of Direction.

tion and

duration.

Its powers.

Permanent

Board of Direction.

5. All the provisions of this Ordinance relating to the permanent Board of Direction to be hereafter elected by the members of the Corporation, and all the powers and authorities hereby vested in such Board, shall, so far as the case permits, be deemed to apply to and shall be vested in the Preliminary Board of Direction appointed under this Ordinance.

6. At the expiration of the said term of two years, a permanent Board of Direction shall be formed consisting of not less than six, and not more Its constitu- than twelve members of the Corporation, to be elected as hereinafter mentioned, who shall from time to time appoint one of their body to be President; and every member of the said Board shall hold office for the term of one year only, but shall be re-eligible at the expiration thereof.

tion and

term of

office of members.

Įts election.

Its general powers.

Board of Manage- ment.

7. The members of the said Board shall be elected from time to time as occasion shall require by a majority of votes of members of the Corporation, who shall be within the Colony at the time of such election, and every such member of the Corporation shall, until otherwise provided by any regulation to be hereafter made under Section 10, be entitled to one vote only.

8. The Board of Direction shall, subject to the provisions of this Ordinance, have full power and authority generally to govern, direct and decide all matters whatsoever connected with the administration of the affairs of the Corporation and the accomplishment of the object and purposes thereof, and may appoint a Board of Management consisting of so many members of the Corporation as they shall think fit, who shall, under such regulations as may from time to time be made by the Board of Direction in that behalf, undertake and exercise the immediate supervision and management of the Hospital.

[ XLIX]

Powers to be

sent of

9. The Board of Direction shall have power, with the consent of the Special Governor in Council, to change or vary the corporate name and the common exercised seal of the Corporation, and the amount of the donation to the funds of the with con- hospital hereinbefore prescribed as a qualification for becoming a member Governor in thereof, and the term of office of members of the Board of Direction, and also Council. may, for reasonable cause, and with such consent as aforesaid, refuse to admit any person as a member of the Corporation or may expel any existing mem- ber, and cause his name to be erased from the register.

frame

disallow-

ance by

10. The Board of Direction shall have power to frame regulations for Power to their procedure in the transaction of business and the maintenance of good regulations order at their meetings, the mode of voting for the election of members of the subject to Board of Direction and the appointment of the President thereof, and for the guidance of the Board of Management and generally for all matters relating Governor in to the administration and discipline of the Hospital; Provided always that a copy of such regulations shall, from time to time, be furnished to the Colonial Secretary, and every such regulation shall be subject to disallowance at any time by the Governor in Council.

Council.

be decided by majority.

11. All questions which may arise at any meeting of the Board of Questions to Direction shall be decided by a majority of votes, and in case of an equality of votes, the President in addition to his original vote shall have a casting vote.

doubt or

12. In case any doubt or ambiguity shall arise and any controversy shall Questions of take place among the members of the Board of Direction as to the interpretation ambiguity. of this Ordinance, the same shall be referred to the Governor in Council whose decision thereon shall be final.

Board of

Hospital on

13. The Preliminary Board of Direction appointed under this Ordinance Preliminary shall, with all convenient despatch after the passing thereof, proceed to elect a Direction to President, and shall cause all buildings and works required for the purposes of erect the said Hospital to be erected and executed out of the funds of the Corporation the upon the site granted by Her said Majesty as aforesaid, and the members of granted by

Her Majesty. the said Board shall continue to hold office provisionally after the expiration Provisional of the said term of two years, until the permanent Board of Direction shall extension of have been elected under the provisions herein before contained.

office.

by Public

14. The Hospital and all buildings and premises of the Corporation shall Inspection be open at all reasonable times to the inspection of the Registrar General, the officers. Colonial Surgeon and of any other person whom the Governor may appoint in that behalf.

members,

be kept.

be furnished.

15. The Board of Direction shall cause a register to be kept in which Register of every person desiring to become a member of the Corporation and being duly and books of qualified shall. subject to the provisions of Section 9, be entitled to have his account to name inscribed, and also, shall cause proper books of account to be kept which Annual shall be open at all reasonable times to the inspection of members of the statement to Corporation and of any person whom the Governor in Council may appoint in that behalf, and also shall within one month after the expiration of every year of the Chinese calendar transmit to the Colonial Secretary a true statement of the assets and liabilities of the Corporation, and an account of their receipts and disbursements during the previous year, and such statement shall if required be verified on oath or by declaration before a Justice of the Peace by two members of the Board.

pay

its

Ordinance in

cases.

16. In case it shall at any time be shown to the satisfaction of the Provision for Governor in Council that the Corporation have ceased or neglected or failed repeal of to carry out in a proper manner the object and purposes of this Ordinance or certain to fulfil the conditions thereof, or that sufficient funds cannot be obtained by voluntary contributions to defray the necessary expenses of maintaining the said Hospital, or that the Corporation, is unable for any reason to debts, it shall be lawful for the Governor, with the advice of the Legislative Council of the Colony, by an Ordinance to be passed for that purpose, to repeal this Ordinance, and to declare that the Incorporation hereby granted shall cease and determine and become absolutely void; Provided always that six months' notice of the Governor's intention to pass such an Ordinance shall be previously given to the Corporation.

In case of

repeal of

[L]

17. In case the Incorporation hereby granted shall cease under the Ordinance, provisions of the last preceding section, all the property and assets of the property of Corporation shall become vested in the Crown, subject to the rateable payment thereout of the just debts and liabilities of the Corporation, to the extent of such property and assets, and in such manner as shall be provided by the payment of repealing Ordinance or by any order to be made in that behalf by the

Corporation to vest in

Crown.

Proviso for

debts.

Governor in Council.

NO. TIJ.

SCHEDULE.

梁鶴巢

梁何李吳羅蔡陳陳黃楊高鄧鶴斐玉振堯龍瑞定勝瓔滿鑑巢然衡楊基之南之石和之

黃勝

Ho Fí-in,

Lí Yuk-hang,

Leung Hok-chau,

買辦

建南

'Ng Chan-yeung,

福隆

買辦

Lo Iu-kí,

Tsoi Lung-chí,

Ch’an Sui-nám,

買辦

Ch'an Ting-cbí,

買辦

Wong Shing,

英華書院

Yeung K'ing-shek,

美隆

Ko Mún-wo,

元發行

鄧鑑之

Tang Kam-chi,

廣利源行

Appendix IV.

(Acting Colonial Surgeon to Colonial Secretary.)

GOVERNMENT CIVIL. HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 20th August, 1895.

SIR,

I have the honour to report that on my daily visit to the Tung Wa Hospital on the 18th instant, I found a man barricaded in one of the cells above the mortuary.

It appears that this patient was admitted on the previous day and as he seemed to be mad he was fastened up in this cell.

This is contrary to all instructions; if the man was insane he should have been at once sent to the Government Chinese Lunatic Asylum; if he was not mad he should have been kept in the Receiving Ward until my visit the next day.

I was not even informed on the 18th that the case had been admitted, and had I not inspected every ward of that institution that day he would probably have been under restraint still.

I also request instructions how to deal in future with severe surgical cases admitted to this Institution.

I understood that I had authority to transfer all such cases to the Government Civil Hospital, but from a letter which I enclose and which was handed to me by the Chairman of that institution on my visit yesterday, it appears that there is some mis- understanding on this subject.

On the 17th, I ordered two cases, one of fracture of both bones of the forearm and other surgical injuries, and the other suffering from a large gluteal abscess which required immediate operation, to be transferred to the Government Civil Hospital.

}

[LI]

One of the patients was willing to come and the other seemed doubtful. I told Mr. U I KAI to explain matters more fully to him.

As these cases were not sent to this Hospital on the 18th, I enquired how this was, and Mr. U I KAI informed me that the Chinese doctors after my visit had dissuaded both these patients from coming in.

As, in my opinion, the way these cases were being treated or rather mistreated would, if continued, lead to serious and possibly fatal results, I ordered the Sergeant on duty to transfer them to this Hospital.

This accordingly was done. Both patients are now here and seem to be quite com- fortable and happy in their surroundings. The second case referred to was operated on yesterday and is so far progressing favourably; he would have had a better chance of recovery, however, had the operation been performed earlier.

The Chinese doctors admit that they have no surgical knowledge, and I cannot be responsible for the surgical enormities which have been and still will be carried on there if they are allowed to treat such cases.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

GRAHA

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

J. M. ATKINSON,

Acting Colonial Surgeon.

(Enclosure in Acting Colonial Surgeon's letter of 20th August.)

REGISTRAR GENERAL'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 19th August, 1895.

DEAR ATKINSON,

This is the Chairman of the Tung Wa Hospital Committee. He is anxious that only patients who are willing to be moved should be taken to the Civil Hospital. I do not think that those who are unwilling should be compelled to go. I am sure you will agree that there should be no compulsion. In haste.

Yours, &c.,

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART.

No. TST

(Acting Colonial Surgeon to Colonial Secretary.)

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

SIR,

HONGKONG, 20th October, 1895.

I have the honour to report that two patients at present in the Tung Wa Hospital are suffering from surgical injuries which cannot be properly treated there, and I request that His Excellency the Governor will order their removal to the Government Civil Hospital.

[ LII]

The cases are-

1st. LI LEUNG, admitted October 19th suffering from severe abscess involving

the right knee joint.

2nd. TSE KWAI, suffering from severe wound of the right leg involving the.

ankle joint.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

The Honourable

J. M. ATKINSON,

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

(Acting Colonial Surgeon to Colonial Secretary.)

No. To

ន

170'

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 6th November, 1895.

SIR,

I have the honour to inform you that a patient named CHAN KAM SING has been admitted to the Tung Wa Hospital suffering from fracture of the right wrist and com- pound fracture of the left wrist, accompanied by hemorrhage.

As, in my opinion, he cannot be properly treated there and moreover is in danger of a recurrence of the haemorrhage, I request that His Excellency the Governor will order his removal to the Government Civil Hospital.

This case shews the necessity of the Visiting Surgeon being empowered with the right of transferring such cases immediately to the Government Civil Hospital at his discretion.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

J. M. ATKINSON.

DEAR SIR,

Colonial Secretary.

(Mr. Deacon to Acting Colonial Surgeon.)

35, QUEEN'S ROAD, HONGKONG, 6th November, 1895.

I am instructed by the Directors of the Tung Wa Hospital to request you to take no steps towards the removal of CHAN KAM SHING from the Hospital on the ground that the patient is unwilling to go and elects to remain in the Tung Wa Hospital. This is the patient who fell down at Quarry Bay, and was brought to the Hospital yesterday. The Directors inform me that you have called to-day at the Hospital in order to remove him; but under the Hospital Ordinance I would remind you that the only power given to the Colonial Surgeon is to inspect the Hospital-clause 14-and that the Board of Directors has full power to manage and direct Hospital matters- clause 8. If therefore any compulsory removal is contemplated it will be illegal.

Yours faithfully,

VICTOR II. DEACON.

The COLONIAL SURGEON,

Hongkong.

No. 173.

SIR,

[ LIII]

(Acting Colonial Surgeon to Colonial Secretary.)

TUNG WA HOSPITAL, HONGKONG, 9th November, 1895.

I have the honour to report that amongst the admissions to this Hospital to-day are the following cases :-

1st. CHAN LI, suffering from gun-shot wound of left arm received at Formosa

and now in a fœtid stinking condition.

2nd. CHU KUM SHEK with a gangrenous ulcer of leg.

3rd. WING UN suffering from sloughing phagodena (gangrene) of penis and

scrotum.

Not only will the present Committee refuse to allow these cases to be transferred to the Government Civil Hospital but they will not permit Mr. U I KAI to even dress the wounds.

Any one of these cases in a general ward are liable to induce hospital gangrene. I request instructions with regard to these and any similar cases which may occur. I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

J. M. ATKINSON.

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

(Acting Colonial Surgeon to Colonial Secretary.)

No. TOT:

107

SIR,

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

་

HONGKONG, 8th August, 1895.

I have the honour to suggest that the Justices of the Peace should be asked to include the Tung Wa Hospital in their usual round of the hospitals, as we may get from them numerous suggestions as regards improvement of details there. A book should be kept in the same manner as at other Justice of the Peace inspected institutions.

I have also to request that the following regulation be communicated to the Tung Wa Hospital Committee:----

"That no discharges from Hospital can take place unless they are certified by the visiting Medical Officer at his daily visit."

This is most essential because serious cases of disease have been removed from that institution, and the records may be considerably decreased in value by such conduct not to mention the fact that it may lead to serious sanitary trouble if infectious cases were treated in this way. I have already instilled into the doctors there that such things cannot be allowed, but it will be much better for this rule to be put down in writing and the patients to be brought up daily for inspection before discharge-as is done in every proper hospital.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

JAMES A. LOWSON, Acting Colonial Surgeon.

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

-J

[ LIV ]

(Acting Colonial Surgeon to Colonial Secretary.)

No. 174

SIR,

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 11th November, 1895.

I have the honour to report that the Tung Wa Committee has now issued orders that patients can be discharged, whenever the Chinese doctors see fit, quite regardless of the rule that was made recently that the Visiting Surgeon had to see all patients before their discharge.

If the present Committee are to be allowed to act in this way, undoing all that has recently been done to improve the establishment, it seems useless my inspecting the institution at all.

To-day there are eight Chinamen living in the balcony off "Ping" and “On” wards. I thought it was decided in September last that this was irregular.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART Lockhart,

Colonial Secretary.

J. M. ATKINSON,

Acting Colonial Surgeon.

(Acting Colonial Surgeon to Colonial Secretary.)

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

WONG

LEUNG.

IP YING, aged 9, at 6 a.m. CHAN

SHI SUN,

»ged 24, at 8 ani.

No. 217.

SIR,

HONGKONG, 30th December, 1895.

I have the honour to draw attention to the danger that exists to the public health under the existing state of affairs at the Tung Wa Hospital.

On the 26th instant a Chinaman, marginally named, was admitted to the Hospital from No. 49, First Street, suffering from fever. Seeing that three cases have since the 25th instant been admitted to that Hospital from this street suffering from plague, I left instructions for the man to be carefully watched, as I suspected he might be suffering from plague in the incubation stage, when the symptoms are not sufficiently pronounced to enable one to form a diagnosis.

On enquiring for the man I found out that his friends had been allowed to take him away on the 27th instant.

Under the circumstances there cannot, in my opinion, be any question but that this procedure upon the part of the Tung Wa Hospital is a serious menace to the health of the Colony, and I submit that the Tung Wa Hospital Committee must at once be informed that no cases can be discharged without the authority of the Acting Colonial Surgeon.

I further have to inform you that yesterday two cases of plague, marginally named, were admitted, and 1 had no notice until 3 hours afterwards, when the Tung Wa Hospital officers telephoned up to the Hospital showing clearly that they recognised the disease the patients were suffering from to be that of plague.

[LV]

In my opinion it is most important that Policemen should be on duty at the Hospital, as was the case in May and June this year, so that the necessary steps can at once, on admission of a patient suffering from plague, be taken to segregate those who have been in immediate contact with the patient.

I enclose a copy of the Medical Officer of Health's report concerning these two cases showing that by the time he arrived at the house all the inmates had fled.

I would remind you that on previous occasions I have advised you on the subject of patients suffering from typhoid fever being allowed to leave the Hospital.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

J. M. ATKINSON,

Acting Colonial Surgeon.

(Minute by the Acting Colonial Surgeon.)

The following diseases should, I think, be included :—

Small-pox. Plague. Cholera.

Diphtheria.

Typoid Fever (Enteric).

Scarlet Fever.

Typhus Fever.

Relapsing Fever.

Puerperal Fever.

These are the infectious diseases referred to in the new bye-laws approved by the Legislative Council on 25th November, 1895.

17th January, 1896.

J. M. ATKINSON.

No. TST.

(Acting Colonial Surgeon to Colonial Secretary.)

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 4th December, 1895.

SIR,

A patient, WONG YUNG, ct. 25, who was admitted to this Hospital on the 2nd instant at his own request from the Tung Wa Hospital, states that he applied for admission to that Hospital at 1 p.m. on the 1st instant, and was refused, the Chinese doctor telling him that his foot was rotten and could not be cured.

He then went out and lay in the street. A Chinese Constable finding him thus after 10 p.m. took him to the Tung Wa Hospital when he was admitted.

[ LVI ]

I transferred him at his own request to this Hospital and yesterday the foot was partially amputated.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

J. M. ATKINSON,

Acting Colonial Surgeon..

(Extract from letter from Tung Wa Hospital to Registrar General.)

The name of the man referred to is WoNG YEUNG not WONG YUNG. He applied for admittance to the Hospital on the 16th. The doctor states that his leg was decayed and incurable, and that he therefore refused him admittance in accordance with the regulations. At midnight on the same day he was brought again to the Hospital by CHUNG FUK, P.C. 286, and it was impossible to refuse him admission for temporary shelter at that time of night. The next day the Colonial Surgeon ordered his removal to the Government Civil Hospital.

Have the Tung Wa authorities power to refuse admission to any sick destitute Chinaman?

I ask this question because P.C. MCKENZIE, No. 111, one of the officers on duty there, informs me that more than once he has seen sick Chinamen refused admission,. the reason being because they can give no address.

J. M. ATKINSON,

September 10th.

Acting Colonial Surgeon,

(Letter from the Tung Wa Hospital to the Honourable J. H. Stewart Lockhart dated the 19th September, 1895.)

We have ascertained that no patients are refused admission unless their illness is trifling or unless they are unable to furnish their address. Such people are given medicine and told to go to the free hospital (in the Tung Wa Hospital) for medical advice. The number of the beds in the hospital is not large, and if all applicants were admitted indiscriminately, the hospital would be soon inconveniently full. It is for this reason to prevent overcrowding that only person, suffering from serious illness are admitted, and this is the established rule (of the hospital).

Again since the plague, it has been necessary to ascertain the addresses of patients for reference in case of future enquiries. Therefore unless applicants for admission can give their address or are accompanied by a responsible person, they are not received.

The Hospital feels bound to compassionate the sick destitutes referred to in your Jetter, but the rules of the institution prohibit them from being admitted, and we have been accordingly compelled merely to give them medicine and advice gratis.

SIR,

[LVII]

Appendix V.

(Messrs. Leigh and Orange to Colonial Secretary.)

HONGKONG, 8th November, 1895.

We are instructed by the Committee of the Tung Wa Hospital to request your kind consideration of the question of enclosing the ends of verandahs of the north ward of the Tung Wa Hospital for the purpose of providing latrines, lavatories and clothes

store rooms.

The Committee are very averse to thus closing the verandahs and preventing free communication all round the wards, and also they fear that by shutting up so much of the verandahs, the ventilation of the wards will be greatly injured.

We think ourselves that it would be far better if a detached block was built abutting on Po Yan Street somewhat similar to the block now being erected for the central ward, and we enclose a plan * showing the block we now propose at the position marked A.

We shall be glad of your early consideration as in the meantime the work in question is stopped.

We are at your service in case you wish for any further information.

* Not

printed.

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

Yours faithfully,

LEIGH & ORANGE..

(Messrs. Leigh and Orange to Colonial Secretary.)

HONGKONG, 13th November, 1895.

DEAR SIR,

We are obliged for your letter No. 2102 of yesterday's date permitting certain alterations to the Tung Wa Hospital plans.

As regards the drainage, this work is included in the contract and is now being proceeded with, and we hope will be completed in about two months, but great difficulty is being met by the number of large boulders.

The Honourable J. H. STEWArt Lockhart,

Colonial Secretary.

Yours truly,

LEIGH & ORANGE.

(Messrs. Leigh and Orange to Colonial Secretary.)

HONGKONG, 21st November, 1895.

SIR,

We have been requested by the Committee of the Tung Wa Hospital to ask your kind consent to another modification of the proposed additions to the Hospital.

The Committee, we now find, do not wish to build the block of latrines, lavatories, &c., abutting on Po Yan Street and shewn on the plan forwarded in our letter of the 8th instant.

* Not printed.

[LVIII]

We are now requested to forward you a plan * (now enclosed) showing no new building abutting on Po Yan Street, but a bridge or gangway connecting the first floors of the two wards so that the new block of lavatories, &c., now built at the central ward can be utilized by both wards. The Committee are of the opinion that this one block is amply large for the requirements of both wards of the Hospital and trust that you will agree with them.

We have also to state that the present Committee do not like the position of the new latrine on account of its being so near the ward and central hall. They propose not to use the building as a latrine but to retain the present latrine near the Reception Ward.

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

Yours faithfully,

LEIGH & ORANGE.

(Messrs. Leigh and Orange to Colonial Secretary.)

HONGKONG, 14th January, 1896.

DEAR SIR,

With reference to your enquiry respecting proposed additional new wards at the Tung Wa Hospital, we beg to inform you that there is room on the site of the present old small-pox wards for two new wards.

Each ward would consist of ground and first floor and would accommodate (allowing 1,200 cubic feet per bed), 16 patients on each floor, i.e., 32 beds in each ward or a total of 64.

The cost of each ward would be about $10,000, or $20,000 for the two.

We have the honour to be,

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

No. 659.

SIR,

Sir,

Your obedient Servants,

LEIGH & ORANGE.

Appendix VI.

(Colonial Secretary to Sanitary Superintendent.)

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 4th April, 1895.

I am directed to request you to be good enough to pay a surprise visit to the Tung Wa Hospital at your early convenience, and to report on the sanitary condition of that institution for His Excellency's information.

I have, &c.,

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

H. MCCALLUM, Esq.,

Sanitary Superintendent.

Colonial Secretary.

SIR,

[ LIX]

(Sanitary Superintendent to Colonial Secretary.)

SANITARY BOARD ROOM,

HONGKONG, 8th April, 1895.

In reply to your letter No. 659 of the 4th instant, I have to inform you that I inspected the Tung Wa Hospital on the afternoon of the 6th instant.

I think it desirable to point out that the terms of your letter are very wide, inas- much as they include the site on which the Hospital stands, the surroundings of the site, the extent and nature of the hospital buildings, the administrative offices, the arrangement of the wards, the furnishing of the wards, the medical attendance, the nursing staff, etc., etc., etc. However, I apprehend that what His Excellency wishes me more particularly to report on are—

(a) The general cleanliness of the Hospital.

(b) The lighting and ventilation of the wards.

(d) The nature of the conservancy arrangements for both patients and staff. (e) Any remarks I may consider it desirable to make that have a direct bearing on the sanitary state of the building and its inmates. And it is on these lines that I submit my report.

(a) With regard to general cleanliness, whether inside or outside the hospital buildings, every place bore the mark of being well looked after and at the time of my visit there was nothing that any reasonable person could take exception to.

(b) One or two of the wards on the ground floor are rather indifferently lighted. However, the day of my visit was rather cloudy and probably on a clear bright day the lighting is ample. Be that as it may,

I am satisfied that during a third of the year these same wards are cooler and more comfortable than most of the other wards. All the wards have ample means for ventilation. In two of the wards for women there was a distinct unpleasant smell perceptible, but this was not due, to my mind, to the want of ventilation but to the defective manner in which the conservancy of the wards was attended to that day and probably to some extent to the nature of some of the dressings.

(c) So far as one can judge from surface appearances the drainage arrange- ments of the Hospital are defective. However, I did not observe any where that there was direct communication between these ap- parently defective drains and the wards or, in fact, any of the buildings. At the same time, these drains should be opened and examined and instead of waiting till the Assistant Surveyor reaches the Hospital in his routine general inspection of the drains in Victoria, it is desirable the inspection should be made at once. A far better plan would be for the Directors of the Hospital to call on their engineer to examine the drains of the Hospital, and if they are found defective instruct him to re-drain the whole of the buildings. I am inclined to think that if the Registrar General pointed out to the Directors the advantage of such a method of procedure the work would be promptly done.

(d) The conservancy arrangements for the patients are rather primitive and, unless properly carried out, the air in the wards must necessarily

[ LX ]

be polluted, and in those wards where there are patients suffering from infectious diseases where the infective matter is thrown off with the excretions from the bowels and kidneys, the danger of the spread of such diseases to others in the ward is undoubtedly very great. To each two beds there is a rough wooden covered commode which is far from being air-tight. This commode as a rule is only cleansed once in the twenty-four hours. There are no closets set apart for the patients to go to; they must, therefore, use this rough commode.. The staff use the ordinary Chinese latrines, and these appear to be well attended to and kept in good order.

(e) In considering this part of the question there are two points which, to

my mind, must be kept steadily in view, viz. :-

(a) The patients are mainly paupers.

(b) A very considerable number of the patients taken to the Hospital are only taken there when in a moribund state and they are designe lly taken there to die and not with. the hope that their sufferings may be alleviated or that they may possibly recover under careful medical treatment.

With regard to (a) it must be remembered that the cost of housing, feeding, nursing and providing medical attendance and medicines, etc., etc., to these pauper patients is not borne by the ratepayers of the Colony as such but by the charitably disposed persons of the Chinese community who subscribe to the funds of the Hospital. It may be urged that both grants of land and public money have been made to the Hospital and that these may be viewed as the ratepayers' contributions to the funds of the Hospital. However, I have always been given to understand that the primary object in establishing" the Hospital was to assist in abolishing the hideous dying houses that at one time existed in the Colony.

While clearly recognizing the importance of managing a hospital for paupers with the most rigid economy-more especially when such hospital is entirely supported by voluntary contributions-yet I feel bound to record my deliberate opinion that it should be made a rule of the Hospital that every patient, on admission, should have a bath, even if only a sponge bath, and be then supplied with a clean suit of hospital clothing. This would be a marked improvement in the sanitary administration of the Hospital and a source of genuine comfort to the patients themselves. The cost of carrying out this improvement would not amount to very much.

With regard to (b) it may be urged that the place is not primarily a hospital, but a building to which moribund Chinese may be taken to die and thus avoid a death occurring in the family dwelling. This peculiar custom is no doubt-to Western minds-very objectionable and much can be said against it. However, it has some advantages. In the vast majority of Chinese dwellings of the poorer classes there is no room in which a dying person can be placed and left in quietness. Besides this, if the moribund are not removed from the poorer class dwellings then public mortuaries to which corpses may be at once taken become almost a necessity.

Because of these and other circumstances I do not consider it would be a wise policy to discourage the removal of moribund patients from the poorer class dwellings. to the Tung Wa Hospital, and I say this well knowing that in not a few cases such removal may be the immediate cause of death.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

HUGH MCCALLUM, Sanitary Superintendent.

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

[ LXI ]

MEMORANDUM HAVING REFERENCE TO CERTAIN MATTERS IN CONNECTION

WITH THE TUNG WA HOSPITAL,

1. I have read these papers very carefully and I have inspected the Hospital with the object of forming an opinion regarding the requirements set forth by the Medical Officer of Health as being really necessary to place the Hospital on a sound sanitary footing. It is a matter for regret that the report is not a joint one as was requested.

2. I find that a storage tank for water is about to be constructed, and from what I can learn it will adequately meet the requirements of the Hospital. However, if in practice it is found inadequate, an additional tank will have to be provided.

3. Bath-rooms are about to be erected and the remarks made regarding the storage tank for water apply to them.

4. The number of beds already limited to each ward is such that each bed has 1,000 cubic feet of space.

5. I am of opinion that the method of warming the wards can be readily and cheaply improved so as to fairly effectually meet the requirements of the climate. I did not speak to the Directorate on this subject for the simple reason that my views on the subject may not meet with support from the other persons concerned, and I did not feel inclined to put myself in a false position by getting the Directorate to consent to do something which they might be subsequently told was insufficient.

6. I was assured that no cupboards were used as sleeping rooms.

I presume there must have been some case or cases of this observed or reference would not have been made to such a thing. At the same time, in the absence of particulars to the contrary, I feel bound to accept what the Directorate told me.

7. The occasional sleeping in the verandahs was readily admitted, but with the explanation that it was only permitted when it was a choice between such persons sleeping in the streets in the rags they wear or in the Hospital verandahs with a blanket to keep them warm. I quite agree that the verandahs of a hospital are not suitable places to be used as casual wards for destitutes, and there can be no question but the philanthropy which permits of it is open to grave objection. At the same time, I am bound to recognise that in the absence of any properly organised system of temporarily housing Chinese destitutes it is, indeed, a very open question whether it is wise to prohibit a charitable institution from providing such temporary lodging as they can manage for those who, on the face of it, would otherwise be a charge on the public rates. I do not wish that this remark should be misunderstood. I am not advocating the establishing of casual wards to act as a draw for the destitutes of the Kwangtung province or for the reception of the unfortunates belonging to the Colony. In a place like this, the work of looking after destitutes can be done both cheaper and better by a charitable institution such as the Tung Wa Hospital than by a Government Department.

8. I find some difficulty in dealing fairly with the old small-pox wards, partly because they are no longer used for the reception and treatment of small-pox patients and partly because of the conditions under which they were erected.

Unless my memory is at fault they were erected owing to representations which were made by the Colonial Surgeon as to the great danger arising from the treatment of small-pox patients in one of the wards of the Hospital. I am not aware that either the Colonial Surgeon or the Surveyor General approved of the plans for these old small- pox wards, but I do remember that His Excellency Sir JOHN POPE HENNESSY very warmly thanked the Tung Wa Directorate for the good work done in providing these wards for the reception and treatment of small-pox patients. I think it is therefore only fair to conclude that the funds of the Hospital were expended in the erection of these wards with the approval of the Government of the day, and I think there can be

[LXII]

little doubt but that the Chinese must be puzzled to understand why what was very good some fifteen or sixteen years ago should be utterly condemned now.

While fully recognizing this and the pernicious effect such actions are likely to have on the Chinese community, I must say that those old small-pox wards are very undesirable places for the reception and treatment of the sick and should only be used for such a purpose temporarily when in cases of emergency no other more suitable place is available. Certainly, the tenement-houses of the poorer classes of Chinese are not more suitable places and I have no hesitation in recording my opinion that a sick person is far more comfortable in these undesirable wards than in a section of a tenement-house sur- rounded by a variety of noises, etc. If, therefore, the present wards, of the Tung Wa Hospital are full and more accommodation is required, until such time as this accom- modation is provided, I unhesitatingly say let these undesirable wards be utilized rather than turn away sick persons seeking admission to the Hospital. I wish it to be distinctly understood that I am not advocating the extension of the Chinese hospital system in the Colony. I am merely dealing with things as they exist and so long as the vast majority of the Chinese prefer to be treated empirically by their own doctors it is far better that they should be so treated in a hospital under the regular inspection of the Colonial Surgeon than in their own houses. I am convinced that far more progress will be made by gaining the confidence of the Chinese and in gradually getting them to recognize the superiority of Western medical science over their own empirical system of medicine than by adopting the rough-and-ready methods of the Drill Sergeant.

9. With regard to conservancy, I am quite satisfied that the only satisfactory method in any hospital is the water carriage system. Excretal matters in hospitals are nearly always infective and consequently the speedy and complete removal of them is a matter of the first importance. This can only be effectually carried out by adopt- ting the water carriage system. I mentioned this to the Directors and they expressed themselves as being in favour of it, but it is probable the initial cost of erecting the necessary apparatus may cause them to alter their opinion, although I do not think it will. Be that as it may, it should be insisted on. The storage for twenty-four hours of infected excretal matters and their subsequent removal through the streets cannot be done without danger to the community.

10. The drainage arrangements of the Hospital are being seen to now and when the work is completed this section of the sanitation of the Hospital will be placed on a satisfactory footing.

HUGH MCCALLUM.

18th January, 1896.

Appendix VII.

HONGKONG, 26th March, 1896.

SIR,

We have the honour to report that, in accordance with the request of the Tung Wa Hospital Commission, we visited the. Hospital on the 23rd instant, and inspected the books, buildings, &c.

(2) The books kept are as follows:-

1. Cash Book, balanced monthly, showing receipts and expenditure.

2. Record of subscribers and subscriptions to the Hospital Funds, and of

rents received from properties.

3. Record of expenditure on miscellaneous services:-Crown Rent, Taxes,

Insurance, &c.

}

[ LXIII ]

4. Record of expenditure on provisions, &c., for the staff.

5. Record of expenditure on wages.

6. Record of expenditure on drugs.

7. Record of expenditure on provisions, &c., for patients in the various wards. 8. Record of expenditure on burials, coffins, &c.

9. Record of expenditure on stationery, printing, &c.

10. Record of expenditure on repairs to properties.

11. Record of expenditure on furniture and utensils.

12. Ledger showing yearly balances since foundation of the Hospital and

yearly statement of Assets and Liabilities.

13. Correspondence Book.

14. Daily note book of matters connected with the Hospital.

15. Minute book of meetings held between the outgoing and incoming

Committees.

16. Minute book of ordinary meetings of the Committee.

17. Record of moribund males received into Hospital, showing in each case, name, age, native place, residence in Hongkong, whether coming by himself or brought to the Hospital (in the latter case, name of person bringing the patient) and expenditure incurred on the case, date of reception, date and hour of death, cause of death, number of stone, and signature of person recording the case. (This last particular is generally omitted.)

18. Similar record for moribund females.

grave

19. Record of males dying after three days in Hospital giving particulars as

in 17, with the name of the Doctor in charge.

20. Similar record for females.

21. Record of male patients received and discharged cured, giving particulars similar to 17 (with "date of discharge," and "disease" instead of "date" and "cause of death").

Also a statement of patients' answers to interrogatories, such as, whether they have any complaints to make, whether they are willing to be discharged, whether they have any property to be handed to them on leaving, &c., &c.

22. Similar record for females.

23. Daily record, on separate sheets, of patients received, showing name, age, sex, native place, disease, number of ward, and name of Doctor treating the case.

Ditto of patients discharged.

Ditto of deaths.

(The particulars required for books 17-22 are entered from these daily records.)

Daily record of total of patients in each ward and in the Hospital, of those treating themselves (generally blank), of number of out-patients and name of Doctor attending to them, of medicines used by in and out-patients, of coffins given, of provisions consumed, and of provisions supplied to the Pó Léung Kuk.

[ LXIV]

This book has to be made up by 8 a.m. and handed to the Directors to examine and verify.

24. Chart for each in-patient giving usual particulars with prescriptions used.

25. Record of out-patients seen by each Doctor, giving name, disease, and

medicine supplied.

26. Record of coffins with bodies received for deposit in Mortuary and burial, showing name, age, native district, residence in Hongkong, where buried and number of stone.

27. Record of particulars in connection with the Cemetery.

(3) All the above records appear to be kept properly.

(4) We inspected the buildings and found them in very good order: the wards are airy and well-ventilated, and most of them have abundance of light and fire-places, but we recommend that the old small-pox ward should no longer be used for patients and that new wards be erected on the site, if necessary, or that the present dispensary be converted into wards and some other building be erected or converted in its place.

(5) As regards the admission of patients, we found the practice to be as follows:--

Out-patients are daily admitted into a room set aside for that purpose, and attended to by one, two, or more of the Doctors of the Hospital. A pre- scription is given to each patient to get his medicine where he likes, but in some cases medicine is given by the Hospital free of charge. Each Doctor keeps a record of the cases he has seen in a small book, giving the name of each patient and his ailment, but not the prescription. Out-patients are seen in the morning only, from about 7.30 to 9 and then again from 11 to 12.

In-patients are admitted at all times of the day. When a patient comes in, he is received by the porter, and waits his turn on a bench in the yard. He is then con- ducted into a small hall adjoining the office to have his name and address recorded by a clerk, and after this, he is requested to draw by lot the name of the Doctor who should attend him. This done, he is taken into the new ward (which is really the old lunatic ward converted into a reception ward) to await the inspection of the Colonial Surgeon. After inspection, he is then put into one of the eight wards of the Hospital and treated medically in Chinese fashion, and should he not improve in health after three or four days, he is at liberty to apply to have his Doctor changed.

We have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servants,

The Chairman,

Tung Wa Hospital Commission.

A. M. THOMSON.

HO KAI.

}

[LIV ]

Appendix VIII.

HONOURABLE COLONIAL SEGRETARY,

The sum altogether granted by Government to the Tung Wa Hospital was $115,000; of this $90,000 was placed in the Bank, the remainder having been spent on building.

In 1875 $21,200 and subsequently other sums were withdrawn for investment in house property, leaving the balance on deposit $34,000.

The properties purchased up to date were bought altogether for $86,300.

The excess of the total of these amounts over the above sum of $90,000 is accounted for by the Directors using money in their own hands for purposes of investment.

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Treasurer.

27th February, 1896.

Appendix IX.

Statement showing number of Male and Female Patients admitted into the Tung Wa Hospital during

1891.

1892.

1893.

1894.

1895.

́ Patients.

M. F.

In-patients,

Destitute,

2,102

341 2,030 376 2,442

381 1,872 482 2,360 372

Private Paying,

Out-patients,

99,446 51,148 151,158 78,313 94,519 41,089 76,823 47,271 108,835 54,457

No. 1771.

Appendix X.

(Colonial Secretary, Hongkong, to Colonial Secretary, Singapore.)

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 30th August, 1895.

SIR,-I am directed by the Governor to request that you will be so good as to furnish for His Excellency's information particulars regarding the management and administration of the Government Pauper Hospital in Singapore.

The information more especially desired is :-

1. Whether the hospital is for Asiatics only.

2. Whether the Medical Staff consists of Europeans or of Asiatics.

3. If the latter, what are their qualifications, and to what extent are they super-

vised by European doctors.

•

[ LIVI]

4. Whether European methods of treatment are insisted upon by the Government, and if so whether any opposition on the part of the Chinese has been or is experienced.

I am further to enquire whether there are any non-Government Hospitals for Chinese in which patients are treated by Chinese doctors according to native methods, and if so whether they are under the supervision of the Government Medical Officers, and to what extent it is permitted to such officers to interfere in cases (more especially surgical) where Chinese treatment appears to them to be dangerous to the life of a patient.

I should also be obliged if you would be good enough to inform me to what extent the Chinese in the Straits Settlements voluntarily avail themselves of the Government and other Hospitals entirely under European management, and how far generally Western medical science has become popularised amongst them.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

SINGAPORE.

(Colonial Secretary, Singapore, to Colonial Secretary, Hongkong.)

COLONIES 7085/95.

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE,

SINGAPORE, 17th September, 1895.

SIR, I am directed by the Governor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter No. 1771 of the 30th August, requesting information regarding the management and administration of the Government Pauper Hospital in Singapore.

2. The early history of the institution, which is known as Tan Tock Seng's Hospital, is briefly recapitulated in the preamble of Ordinance VII of 1880 by which the Hospital was incorporated. A copy of this Ordinance as amended by Ordinance IV of 1881 be found in Volume II of Harwood's Edition of the Ordinances of the Straits Enclosure 1. Settlements 1867 to 1886. A copy of the existing bye-laws made under the Ordinance LXVII.) is enclosed. The Hospital was founded for the treatment of paupers of all nations

indiscriminately.

(See page

Enclosure 2. (See page LXVIII.)

Enclosure 3. (See page

LXIX.)

may

3. As regards the questions on which you more especially desire information the answers appear to be as follows:

(1). The Hospital is open to all nationalities, but the great bulk of the patients treated is Chinese. The nationalities of the patients in 1894 are shewn in the table on page 13 of the Report on the Civil Hospitals in the Colony for that year forwarded herewith.

(2). The medical staff of the Hospital consists of both Europeans and Asiatics.

A statement of the actual staff now employed is enclosed.

[ LXVII ]

(3). There is no rule preventing Asiatics from holding any office, but, as a matter of fact, Asiatics have been employed as Dressers only under the direct supervision of the Colonial Surgeon in charge and of two European or Eurasian Apothecaries which latter hold the qualification of the Madras Medical College.

(4). European methods of treatment are insisted on. No opposition is or, as far as is known, has been experienced to European medical treatment. The patients come for that treatment. There may be some who leave to return to native treatment, but such cases are not common.

4. With reference to paragraphs 3 and 4 of your letter the Principal Civil Medical Officer reports as follows:-

'As far as I know, there are no such Chinese Hospitals. There was a "scheme for one some time ago, but I think it came to nothing. I am "not sure too that a European doctor was not part of this scheme. It "is difficult to answer the last paragraph quite definitely. All our "Chinese patients come voluntarily to the Hospital and the bulk of all our Pauper Hospital patients is Chinese. Some beggars, of course, are picked up by the Police and brought to Hospital, but they are generally quite contented there and abscond rarely. The number of Chinese who seek admission at the General Hospital, where they have to pay, has certainly increased of late years."

Further information regarding the management of this Hospital will be found in the Report on the Civil Hospitals for 1894 already referred to, and in the Report of the Committee for 1894, a copy of which is also forwarded.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

J. A. SWETTENHAM,

Colonial Secretary,

Straits Settlements.

Enclosure 4. (See page LXX.)

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

HONGKONG.

(Enclosure 1.)

TAN TOCK SENG'S HOSPITAL.

BYE-LAWS.

The Institution shall be under the care of a Medical Officer, who shall be assisted by a Superintendent, and Apothecary, and Dressers.

Duties of the Medical Officer.

To visit the Hospital and patients at least once every day, and as chief of the staff, to see that the Superintendent, the Apothecary, and the other subordinates connected with the institution do their several duties satisfactorily.

Duties of the Superintendent.

To attend to the clothing, diets, &c., to see that the meals are properly cooked, and served out at stated times; and to look to the general cleanliness of the wards and grounds. When a patient is admitted, the Superintendent will see that he is washed, and shaved (if Chinese), and hospital clothing-consisting of a baju, one pair of drawers, a mat, a blanket, and a pillow, three Chinese cups and two chopsticks-is supplied to him, in lieu of his own, which are to be labelled and set aside in the store room, to be returned to him, on his discharge from Hospital.

[ LXVIII]

The Superintendent is also required to see that the clothing of the patients is changed once a week, and that no foul linen accumulates in the cot. The Medical Officer can, however, order change of clothing at any intermediate time.

The Superintendent is to see that no patients leave the Hospital, without special permission from the Medical Officer or Apothecary in charge.

Duties of the Apothecary.

He will reside on the premises, take charge of the Dispensary, and see that the orders of the Medical Officer with regard to the medical treatment of the patients are properly aud efficiently carried out, and superintend the compounding of medicines.

Duties of a Dresser.

To see that a docket is kept suspended over the cot of each patient, on which is written his name, date of admission, disease, duration of disease, diet and treatment; he is to see that the ward coolies are in constant attendance at the Hospital, and order them to remove instantly any kind of filth that may be thrown upon the floor or else- where. All medicines and dressings appertaining to each ward are to be kept in a cabinet provided for the purpose, and the Dresser in charge of the ward is answerable for their due custody, and for serving out the medicines at stated times.

Enclosure 2.)

Extracted from the Annual Medical Report on the Straits Settlements for the

year 1894.

PAUPER HOSPITAL.

3. This year the number of cases treated was very much below those of previous years. This will be seen below:-

Years.

No. of Cases treated.

1889, 1890,

...

5,549

...

5,891

1891,

6,244

1892,

5,993

1893, 1894,

5,944 5,351

4. There is a decrease of 603 cases in the number of admissions between this and the year previous. This is probably due to the existence of the Chinese Public Dispen- sary, where many are treated, particularly beggars, who formerly sought admission here.

5. The following shews the work done :-

Remained from 1893,

562

Admitted during the year, 4,789

Total treated,

...

5,351

Discharged,

...

3,813

Transferred,

...

Absconded,

129

Died,

...

871

Remaining at end of

year,

536

Total,... 5,351

{

American.

[ LXIX]

6. The largest numbers of admissions are from the following diseases :-

Venereal Diseases,

Ulcers,

Rheumatism,

627

616

533

381

306

291

...

257

Malaria and its effects,

Sloughing Phagedoena,

Anæmia, Beri-beri,

...

7. The largest numbers of deaths occurred from the following complaints:-

Diarrhoea,... Dysentery,

...

143

...

113

Tubercle,

...

102

Anæmia,

102

...

Beri-beri,

...

Debility and Old Age,

12. The female ward was quite full on two occasions, viz., in July and December.

The work done in this ward is seen below:-

Remained from 1893, Admitted during the year,

...

13 90

Total,... 103

Discharged,

Transferred,

Died,

...

Remaining at end of 1894,

Total,... 103

The death-rate among them was 30.09 per cent., greatly better than last year, when it was 38.75 per cent.

18. The following table shews the nationalities of patients treated during the

year :-

Arabs.

Bengalis.

Brazilians.

Bugis.

Burmese.

Chinese.

Creoles.

Eurasians.

Europeans.

Goanese.

Japanese.

Javanese.

51 2 1 2 4,813 1 51 45 1 7 66 2

Jews.

Klings.

Malays.

Manilamen.

Parsees.

West Indians.

224

888

19 1 1

(Enclosure 3.)

Statement of actual Staff of Tan Tock Seng's Hospital.

1 Colonial Surgeon.

1 Superintendent.

2 Apothecaries.

4 Government Dressers.

1 GovernmentApprentice Dresser.

8 Committee's Apprentice Dressers.

5 Attendants.

2 Lamp lighters.

6 Gardeners.

6 Cooks.

5 Grave diggers.

1 Dispensary boy.

5 Barbers.

5 Toties.

30 Ward coolies (convalescent patients

usually).

4 Dhobies.

1 Female Nurse.

[ LXX]

(Enclosure 4.)

STRAITS SETTLEMENTS.

Paper to be laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

ANNUAL REPORT OF TAN TOCK SENG'S HOSPITAL, FOR THE YEAR 1894.

COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT.

The Honourable the Colonial Secretary.

TAN KENG SWEE, Esq.

The Principal Civil Medical Officer.

The Inspector-General of Police. The Assistant Colonial Secretary. The Protector of Chinese.

C. B. BUCKLEY, Esq.

TAN JIAK KIM, Esq.

WEE KIM YAM, Esq.

TAN BIN CHENG, Esq. TAN HAP SENG, Esq.

1. During the year, four meetings of Committee were held, at which the attend- ances were as follows

The Hon. the Colonial Secretary,

The Principal Civil Medical Officer, The Inspector-General of Police, The Assistant Colonial Secretary,

The Protector of Chinese,

C. B. BUCKLEY, Esq.,

TAN JIAK KIM, Esq.,

WEE KIM YAM, Esq., TAN HAP SENG, Esq.,

41342

The Hospital has been regularly visited by the members of Committee.

ACCOUNTS.

1 NH 00

2. Annexed are the audited Abstract of the Receipts and Payments of the year and Statement of the Assets and Liabilities of the Corporation on the 1st January, 1895, prescribed by the Ordinance. Eliminating the balances, investments, and repayments, the accounts show receipts amounting to $29,088.17, and payments to $26,843.66; and when corrected for arrears, the two years 1893 and 1894 compare as follows:--

1893,

•

1894,

Receipts.

.$29,027.34 .$29,338.97

1893, 1894,

Payments.

$26,318.80 $26,843.66

3. There is thus an increase of $2,495.31 to the assets of the Corporation. There was some increase in the Hospital expenses proper, the average number of patients having been very high during the year; but for information on this point, and on the general state and management of the Hospital, reference should be made to the Annual Medical Report on the Hospitals of the Colony.

4. The bequest of Mr. WEE BOON TECK still remains on deposit in the Bank, and now stands, with accumulated interest, at $4,888.64.

5. As regards the deposits with the Netherlands Trading Society, notice has been received of the cessation of interest early in the year 1895, when, failing any more lucrative investment, the money will be placed on deposit in another Bark. There has also been a further drawing of Exchange Building Debenture Bonds, but only one of those held by the Corporation has been drawn, for $500, payable on the 30th June next.

SINGAPORE, 11th February, 1895.

By Order of the Committee,

A. KNIGHT,

Secretary,

[LXXI ]

Abstract of Accounts of Tan Tock Seng's Hospital, for the year 1894.

Receipts.

Amounts.

Totals.

Payments.

Amounts.

Totals.

BALANCE in Bank, 1st January, 1894,........

GOVERNMENT GRANT:-

Diets for Patients,

13,500,00

Clothing for Patients,

300.00

HOSPITAL EXPENSES:- Diets for Patients,

Contingent Expenses and Medical

Clothing for Patients,

Comforts,

4,500.00

947.70 SALARY OF SECRETARY,

Contingent Expenses and Medical

16,173.30 244.81

420.00

Attendants and Cooking,

4,000.00

Comforts,

5,364.60

Furniture,

50.00

Attendants and Cooking,

4,256.55

[22,350.00

Furniture,

79.40

CONTRIBUTION from the Johor Gambier

and Pepper Society,.

ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTIONS from 12 Members,

26,118.66

3,300.00 SUNDRY EXPENSES :—

144.00

Raising of Foot paths,

160.00

DONATION,

RENTS :-

Syed Ali's Land,

Rochor Property,

INTEREST :-

On Investments,

125.00

Bulls for Dead-cart,.

145.00

305.00

1,239.00 116.55

INVESTMENTS :—

1,355.55

Netherlands Trading Society, Deposits

at Interest.......

2,000.00

Interest on Mr. Wee Boon Teck's

1,377.79

Bequest added to Principal,

232.79

REIMBURSEMENTS:—

On Government of India Loan Notes, On Current Account with the Bank,...

Sale of Paraffin Tins and Cases, Maintenance of Native State Lepers and Mining Coolies, &c.........

SALE of Lot No. 29, Syed Ali's Land, for

unpaid Rent................

98.47 77.99

2,232.79

1,554.25

76.25

SURPLUS Proceeds of Sale of Lot No. 29, Syed Ali's Land, paid to repre- ⚫sentative of late holder,

BALANCE in Bank, 31st December, 1894, .

246.50

959.42

183.12

· 259.37

246.50

30,282.37

Examined and found correct.

T. H. STEVENS,

Financial Assistant, Police Department.

21st January, 1895.

TAN TOCK SENG'S HOSPITAL.

Balance Sheet, 1st January, 1895.

Assets.

Amounts.

Totals.

Liabilities.

$ C. $

BALANCE in Bank,

959.42

Nil.

INVESTMENTS:—

Penang Municipal Debentures, 5 per

BALANCE to credit,.....

cent.,

8,000.00

Exchange Building Debentures, 7 per

cent.,

3,500.00

Loan on Mortgage, 6 per cent..... Fixed Deposit in the Hongkong_and Shanghai Bank (Mr. Wee Boon Teck's Bequest), 5 per cent., Deposits with the Netherlands Trading Society, 5 per cent....................................

5,000.00

4,888.64

3,500.00

24,888.64

GOVERNMENT of India Loan Notes for Rs. 4,700 at 33 per cent. (in the hands of the Accountant-Gencral of the Supreme Court to pay the interest to the Corporation),

RENTS of Syed Ali's Land for 1894 now

due,

arrears,

of Rochor property for 1894 in

CONTRIBUTION from the Johor Gambier and Pepper Society, two months

in arrears,

INTEREST ON INVESTMENTS DUE :—

Netherlands Trading Society,

On Mortgage,

1,975.40

1,239.00

22.45

1,261.45

600.00

144.30 25.00

169.30

|29,851.21||

Examined and found correct.

T. H. STEVENS,

Financial Assistant, Police Department.

21st January, 1895.

A. KNIGHT, Secretary.

29.854.21

Amounts.

A. KNIGHT,

Secretary.

Totals.

29,854.21

[ LXXII ]

Appendix XI.

STATEMENT OF THE RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS OF THE TUNG WA HOSPITAL, FOR THE KAP NG YEAR (1894).

RECEIPTS.

1. Annual Subscriptions of various Hongs,

2. Subscriptions collected on Steamers,

at various Ports,

for plague expenses,

Do. Do.

5. Subscriptions and Donations,

6. Collected by Directors, Assistant Directors and

Committee,

7. Collected by various Hongs and Firms,

8. Subscriptions by various Theatrical Companies, 9. Interest from the Hongkong & Shanghai Bank,

10.

Do.

11.

Do.

12.

Do.

13.

Do.

14.

Do.

15.

Do.

Lai Hing Bank,

do.,

do..

do.,

16. Rent from the Mau Wo T'seung Firm,

Sám Yik Firm,.

Chau Shuk Chái Firm,

Tis. m. c. l. 6,630 3 3 2,134 1 4 4 ́3.004 0 7 5,686 6 3

500 9 0

768 7 8

ANOPOS

326 0 5 2

52 2

1,224 0

6 4

8 3 42 0

18 8

532 8 0

144 0 0

630

362 8 648 0 561 6

7 8

518 4 0 1,382 4 0

619 2

77 7 100 8 0

72 8

DISBURSEMENTS.

Ts.

1. Food (of Employés and Patients),

2. Salaries,

3. Drugs,

4. Sick-room Expenses,

. Free Burials,

6. Stationery,

7. Sundries,

8. Crown Rents,

9. Insurance,

10. Repairs, Painting, White-washing, &c..

11. Tung-wá Branch Hospital Expenses,

30 1000 3000 + − D-OONK☺☺☺☺☺DOWN tomado SO+Q CHONHONNOS 60+ ON TNM NO000++O+OK+ONAN Onooo 10 00 00 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄000+OOONOO000-0000100☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺0 0.000 000000000❤+ODO*

17.

Do.

18.

Do.

Kwong Tải T’seung Firm,..

19.

Do.

Wo Ün Firm,

20.

Do.

Sui Shang Firm,

21.

Do.

Sui Kei Firm,

22.

Do.

23.

Do.

24.

Do.

Tak T'seung Firm, I Uen Hing Firm, Wan På Lá Firm,

25.

Do.

Wan Pá Lá Firm,

26.

Do.

27.

Do.

Fu Man Chải Firm,

28.

Do.

Tung Fung Firm,..

328

29.

Do.

Fung Tsz Hang Firm,...

128

30.

Do.

San Tsun Yik Firm,

31.

Do.

Ting Shang Tong Firm,

32.

Do.

Mán Chun Firm,

288 0

33.

Do.

Kwong Sui Shang Firm,

43 2

34.

Do.

Fuk Lei Firm,

35.

Do.

Hop Wo Firm,

147

36.

Do.

Hop Un Firm.

37.

Do.

Kwong On Tseung Firm,

38.

Do.

Kom Pan Firm,

39.

Do.

Tse Kok Shan Firm,

40.

Do.

Sz Wo Firm,

41.

Do.

Yau Sui Wan Firm,..

12.

Do.

Tsün Chan Firm,

43.

Do.

Ch'an Yuk Tsün Firm,

18 3 6

44.

Do.

Ün 1 Firm,

90 7 2

45.

Do.

Fung Tải Firm.

25 9

46.

Do.

Fung Tải Firm,

244 8 0

47.

Do.

Kam Cheung Firm,..

48 9

48.

Do.

Fung Tải Firm,

20 1

49.

Do.

Leung Suu Ting Firm,

12 9

50.

Do.

T'am Kwong Firm,

37 1 4 0

51.

Do.

Kwong Hing Firm,.

185 4 0 0

52.

Do.

Chau U-ping Firm,

15 1

53.

Do.

Tak Mau Firm,

54.

Do.

Yam Chi-hin Firm,

55.

Do.

Ying Li Firm,

56.

Do.

Sin Po Sheung Firm,

2 0

57.

Do.

58.

Do.

Yau Kei Firm,

59.

Do.

Ho Lung Firm,

120 9 6

60.

Do.

61.

Do.

Ch'an Wan-chi Firm,

37 4 4 0

62.

Do.

Cheng Kam-po Firm,

120 9 6

63.

Do.

Lo Chi-tin Firm,

113 0

64.

Do.

Wing Ki Firm,

65.

Do.

Li Hin Firm,

66.

Do.

Mak Siu-wan Firm,...

3 7

67.

Do.

Ho Lung Firm..........

18 0 0

68.

Do.

Chung Sing-ngán Firm,..

69.

Do.

Mak Tat-tsun Firm,

70.

Do.

Lui Hon-po Firm.

71.

Wong Kan-hing Firm,

Pang Tai-ün Firm,

12 2 4

96 5 3 8 31

25 2

m. c. l. 1,813 5 1 9 3.907 5 1 7 4,121 1 1 4 2.848 5 0 1 3,569 8 27

641 9 3 1 1,366 4 3 4

351 7 I

293 1 6 2 1,391 3 7 2 14,178 7 7

Do.] Tin Wȧ Fung Firm,

72. Subscribed by charitable persons for the purpose

of supplying Medicines from the Dispensary

to outside Patients,

73. Payments for Medicines supplied by the Dis-

pensary,

74. Rent of Mortuary,

75. Sale of Kitchen Refuse, &C.,...........

76. Loan of the balance of a charitable fund,

Total,..

Balance of Kwai Tsz Year,...

Total,........

599 6 2

848 0

32 0

212 5 8 4,246 0

1000

.Tls. 34,676 4 3 0

29,507 26 2

..... Tls. 64,183 6 9 2

Total,..................Tls, 34,483 8 6 4 Balance in hand including Balance

29,699 S 2

Total............

.Tls. 64,183 6 9 2

of the previous year,

[ LXXIII ]

Appendix XII.

(Report by the Medical Officer of Health to the Secretary, Sanitary Board.)

THE SECRETARY,

I have the honour to report that I have recently paid several visits to the Tung Wa Hospital, and have been much struck by the entire absence of comfort (even from a Chinese point of view) which pervades this Hospital. The floors of the lower wards are of tiles instead of wood, and each of the wards, which are 40 feet by 26 feet, is furnished with one small fire-place three feet square, which is totally inadequate to the requirements of an ordinary Hongkong winter, even supposing that the inmates were healthy persons. The wards are sadly overcrowded, but this may be due, in part, to the fact that certain of the wards are at the present time being cleansed.

The entire building is surrounded and very shut in by the hillside and by neigh- bouring buildings, and hence the wards, especially the lower ones, are dark. I observe that bath-rooms and latrines are being built in connection with some of the wards, but no provision of this nature is being made for the wards of the north block, where they are equally necessary.

The verandahs appear to be used as sleeping places by a number of destitute coolies, while I found the attendants sleeping in cupboards beneath the stairs, in the passages, and other similar situations. I observed a number of pots containing excreta standing about in various situations, and in my opinion a considerable improvement is necessary upon the present methods of conservancy in vogue at this Hospital.

The drains in connection with the kitchen were, at my first visit, in a most dis- graceful condition, but I note that these are now being replaced by new drains.

I also found that some twenty or more cells, known as the Ko Fong Wards, about 8 feet by 9 feet and from 6 feet to 8 feet below the ground surface are being used both for patients and as sleeping accommodation for the attendants in direct contravention of Ordinance 15 of 1894, section 6, and these should be evacuated at once.

There is a

store room close to these wards which is filled with rubbish that needs to be cleared out and destroyed.

The surgical ward appears to me to be placed in an unfortunate position, being on the ground floor, divided by a wooden partition from the out-patient department, and very dark, and I would strongly advise that one of the upper and brighter wards be set apart for surgical cases.

FRANCIS W. CLARK, Medical Officer of Health,

28th December, 1895.

THE SECRETARY,

(Minute by the Medical Officer of Health.)

The following improvements and alterations are, in my opinion, urgently needed at the Tung Wa Hospital:-

1. The erection of bath-rooms and latrines for the wards of the North Block.

2. Immediate closure of the Ko Fong Wards (Ordinance 15 of 1894, sec. 6).

3. Removal of the surgical ward to an upper floor and the removal of the wooden partition in the present surgical ward.

[ LXXIV]

4. Limitation of the number of beds in each of the existing wards to 16.

5. Improvements in the heating appliances of the wards and the provision of some means of heating the Receiving Ward.

6. Systematic removal of excreta, and all slops and refuse, and the provision of a suitable store in connection with an outside latrine, where tubs and pots can be placed pending their early removal.

7. The removal of the outside latrine which is within four feet of the windows of the Receiving Ward.

8. The provision of a permanent water supply to the Hospital by the erection of a suitable storage tank.

9. The abolition of the use of verandahs, cupboards, passages and other similar places as sleeping places, and the provision of adequate sleeping and living quarters for the attendants and also for the Chinese doctors whose quarters are at present over- crowded.

14th January, 1896.

FRANCIS W. CLARK.

Medical Officer of Health.

(Minute by the Medical Officer of Health.)

* See Appendix No.

LXI.

VI, page

THE SECRETARY,

I beg to submit the following comments upon your memorandum*:-

Paragraph 3. I am not aware that bath-rooms and latrines are about to be erected in connection with the wards of the North Block. If this is so, the decision must have been very recent.

Paragraph 4. In estimating the capacity of the wards I have allowed 1,000 cubic per head; in England 1,200 cubic feet per head is considered necessary in General Hospitals, and 2,000 cubic feet per head in Fever Hospitals.

feet

Paragraph 6. I have myself seen a person sleeping in a cupboard beneath a flight of stairs (the cupboard being totally dark and not ventilated), and I therefore do not feel bound to accept what the Directorate may have said to the contrary.

Paragraph 7. In my opinion the verandahs around a ward containing sick persons, many of whom have open wounds, is the very worst place, from a sanitary point of view, for destitute persons to congregate and sleep. If the Chinese community is not prepared to provide any better accommodation than this for its destitute members, I consider the Government of the Colony would be wise to return all such to their native places on the mainland (or elsewhere) at its own expense.

Paragraph 8. I think that even the temporary occupation of the Ko Fong wards should not be countenanced by the Board, seeing that their occupation is a breach of section 6 of Ordinance 15 of 1894, and that the Board's officials are working hard to enforce the provisions of this Ordinance throughout the Colony generally. In sanitary matters, as you know, what was permissible, or even commendable, fifteen or sixteen years ago, is not necessarily to be tolerated to-day.

Paragraph 9. I agree with you that the wards of the Tung Wa Hospital ought to be furnished with water-closets of some simple pattern.

[ LXXV ]

I am sorry that our views on this matter appear to be so divergent as to render a joint report impracticable, but I think that the Board will be able to gather from our separate memoranda sufficient material to enable them to send up to the Tung Wa Hospital Committee a memorandum of desirable improvements, as suggested by Mr. EDE on the circulating cover.

FRANCIS W. CLARK,

Medical Officer of Health.

20th January, 1896.

Νο. 858.

SIR,

Appendix XIII.

COLONIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE, HONGKONG, 5th June, 1896.

I am directed to request that you will be so good as to furnish me, if possible, with a detailed statement of the visits paid by you to the Tang Wa Hospital under section 14 of Ordinance 3 of 1870, since you assumed the duties of Colonial Surgeon in this (See page Colony, and a reference to any reports you may have written on the Hospital.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

XLIX.)

Dr. P. B. C. AYRES, C.M.G.,

&c.,

fc.,

&c.

No. 1

SIR,

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL, HONGKONG, 9th June, 1896.

I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter No. 858 dated June 5th, and in reply to state that soon after my arrival in the Colony in 1873, I inspected the Tung Wa Hospital and in an interview with the Colonial Secretary concerning this institution, I was referred to the Registrar General for instructions. Practically these instructions were that I was to visit the Hospital occasionally, see that it was kept clean and in good order and that the patients were properly treated according to the Chinese custom, i.e., that they had enough food and drink and were properly clothed and kept clean; that the medical or surgical treatment I was not to interfere with.

Again on a visit to this institution in attendance on His Excellency Sir JOHN POPE HENNESSY, I pointed out to him many things that, in my opinion, needed reform, but was told by him that they could not be interfered with, that they were all in accordance with Chinese custom. My habit was, up to May, 1894, when the plague began, to visit the Hospital at least once a month, but as a rule my visits were much oftener especially when there was much small-pox or typhoid about or other diseases requiring extra vigilance. The Chinese petition of LEUNG ON and others forwarded to XXXIV and the Secretary of State by Sir RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL in his despatch of the 18th (see pages August, 1869, and recommended for sanction by him, fully shows the limit of my xxx)

(See

XXXV.)

XXX1 and

[ LXXVI ]

power in para. 8 of the petition, and in para. 11 gives the reasons of the petitioners for their demands. I regret I cannot point to any special reports on the Tung Wa Hospital, as after my first arrival I have no recollection of making any and the records were burnt when the Government Civil Hospital was destroyed by fire in 1878. My opinions on this institution have often been expressed in my annual reports. No written instructions have ever been given to me by Government as to the number of visits I should pay or my powers as regards the Tung Wa Hospital. If any evidence is required from me by the Commission now sitting, I shall be happy to attend when required.

I have the honour to be,

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Colonial Secretary.

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

PH. B. C. AYRES, Colonial Surgeon.

Appendix XIV.

(Extract from the "Hongkong Telegraph" of the 13th June, 1896.)

THE TUNG WA HOSPITAL.

ITS PRESENT CONDITION.

In view of the recent prevalence of plague, and the opening of the Lai-chi-kok Plague Hospital, in which, according to Chinese accounts, such wonderful results are shown in the treatment of plague patients, a member of the staff of the Hongkong Telegraph lately sought and was granted permission to inspect the Tung Wa Hospital. Application was made to the Registrar General, who handed our representative over to Dr. ATKINSON. This latter gentleman most courteously made an appointment, and kindly escorted the inquirer over the whole of the institution, pointing out at the same time the alterations made at his request and the still greater improvements which he had recommended, but which the Chinese Committee have not yet carried out.

►

Entering the compound, the receiving office is soon reached, and here is stationed a European officer who takes a record of the cases, this being, however, merely a temporary arrangement during the prevalence of the plague. After being registered and assigned to a doctor (the six Chinese doctors attached to the Hospital draw lots as to who shall treat each fresh patient!) the sick person is sent to the reception ward, there to remain until seen by Dr. ATKINSON, who visits the place twice a day. This ward is in the building formerly used as the lunatic ward, further mention of which is made below. After being seen by Dr. ATKINSON, if the case is diagnosed as plague, the patient is sent at once to the Kennedy Town Hospital. If doubtful, it is sent to the observation ward, where the temperature is regularly taken, and in a few hours the case can be diagnosed. If not plague, the patient is assigned to the requisite ward, and there remains under Chinese treatment until cured or till death releases the victim from his sufferings. In case of death occurring, or of dead bodies being brought in, the bodies are taken to the mortuary, which is built at the south-east corner of the compound,

[ LXXVII ]

and can be entered from the street without passing through the Hospital. This is an innovation due to Dr. ATKINSON, the mortuary formerly being in the centre of the Hospital. Here the bodies are viewed twice daily, and after the cause of death has been ascertained, the coffined bodies are taken away and buried.

There are two separate and distinct classes of wards. One class consists of large airy rooms, in which there are beds ranging from twelve to twenty in number. Attached to most of these rooms (after much pressure from Dr. ATKINSON) are bath rooms and lavatories, which are, however, very rarely used. Between each pair of beds are placed commodes of a very rough type, which are not, despite every effort made by the European physicians, kept as clean as they should be, and are kept in place regardless of the ability of the inmates to leave the wards. The sexes are kept separate, and the various classes of disease are kept apart. The tiled floors are, according to the attendants, washed once a week. but did not look as though they had been washed as stated. Taken all in all though, this class of ward, with the exceptions mentioned later, are fairly well adapted for their use. The bedding is, however, in a most disgraceful condition. On a plain pine plank bed, resting on trestles, is a straw mat, black in most cases with age, a netted quilt of cotton, not one of which was even partially clean, most of them being black with dirt, covered by a sheet but little cleaner, while a roll of straw, enclosed in dirty sheeting, formed the pillow. To say nothing of the larger forms of animal life that must find a snug refuge in this bedding, the material is certainly an ideal one for harbouring bacteria of every description, and as it is passed on from one patient to another, the consequences may more easily be imagined than described. They cannot be washed, and no attempt is made to disinfect this filthy material.

There is another class of ward, however, which by none of the canons of hygenic law can be called passable. These consist of double rows of brick buildings, entered by a brick paved court about eight feet wide and fifty feet long. On either side of this court is a building of the same length, about ten feet deep, and divided into five rooms by brick partitions reaching to the roof. In neither the back wall nor the partitions is there any opening, a door six feet high by three wide and a ventilator in the roof being the only means of light and ventilation. Each of these cubicles is intended to accommodate two persons, and in many of them two persons are at present placed, though many of them are unoccupied. There are six sets of these cubicles, giving places, in case of need, for 120 persons, although at the present time some twenty only are occupied. These wards or cells the Government physicians have been trying for a long time to have removed and replaced by large and properly ventilated ones, which could be easily done, but this the Committee, it is said, steadfastly refuses to do.

In addition to these wards, there is the large pharmacy, where a wonderful stock of Chinese medicines is kept, and where innumerable draughts and plasters are prepared, a large cookhouse, where, under the usual Chinese chefs, the food for the patients and attendants--to say nothing of the Committee-men and their friends, to prepare whose frequent banquets it is also used--is prepared, and the large assembly-hall, which is the best portion of the premises. This completes the buildings known as the Tung Wa Hospital.

Turning now to the manner in which the patients are treated, and especially to the surgical ward, a condition of affairs that is very discreditable to this British Colony is found. In all the wards not the slightest effort is made to keep the patients, their clothing, or rooms, in the least degree clean. The body of a woman, who had died of consumption, was lying in the moftuary, black with dirt, her hair being a living mass of vermin. The stench in nearly all of the wards from the commodes was almost overpowering, although every effort is made by the visiting physicians to have this remedied. Nowhere is a disinfectant of any description used. Here are to be seen women and children with plasters on their heads and backs for fevers, every kind of wound being covered simply with the universal pitch plaster, which merely aggravates

the tumours.

[ LXXVIII]

But the surgical ward is indeed a chamber of horrors. Situated on the ground floor of the building to the right, on entering, it has at the back the wall of an adjoining shop, which cuts off all light and ventilation, while both ends of the verandah are piled up with furniture, the interstices being utilised as the sleeping places of the attendants, and their dirty clothes or half-washed changes are there hung to dry or air. Inside this ward is to be found every class of wound or fracture. Innumerable sores, festering and suppurating, emitting the foulest odours, are treated only with pitch plaster, seldom washed, the idea of antiseptics and clean bandages being, apparently, utterly foreign to the institution. The walk through the two rooms forming this ward was enough to sicken almost anybody. These rooms are little better than pest houses, where gangrene and other horrors are far too much in evidence.

In the middle of the smaller and less ventilated of these two rooms is a case that should not be tolerated a day long. This is a man with a fractured thigh. Instead of the bone being put into place and bound up in splints, so that the fracture can heal, he is sitting up, with the broken leg in a wooden trough, and with nothing but a flexible leather band on his thigh, fastened above the knee and at the top of the thigh by leather and cotton straps! Absolutely no effort is made to keep the bone in position, the man in his sitting position continually moving the leg and the loose ends of the bone, and so preventing that junction which Nature, if given the least chance, would speedily effect. As a result the thigh is numb and soft, the knee joint is badly swollen, the skin is flabby and wearing away, and the man is in a fair way to linger in agony until blood-poisoning sets in and he dies! Unless this man be at once treated by a foreign surgeon-in which case his cure and discharge in full health and vigour will be only a matter of weeks-he will surely suffer the most agonising of deaths in the near future. This is an urgent case, and should be at once attended to.

By order of the Government, the Hospital has to be visited daily by one of the Government physicians, who is supposed to have the superintendence and general supervision of the Hospital. As a matter of fact, he has absolutely no power except to make suggestions, which are not carried out unless the Committee feel inclined to do So. With the exception of insane. persons, he has no power to send any one to the Civil Hospital. The patients may be asked or recommended to go to the Hospital, but unless they wish it they cannot be taken there. Last year, with a different Committee, a large number of patients did go to the Civil Hospital, and as a consequence a larger ward had to be put aside for their treatment. But this year only twenty-nine patients have so far gone there, a fact which should be duly considered.

THE TREATMENT OF LUNATICS IN HONGKONG.

Intimately connected with the present condition of the Tung Wa Hospital, and forming another proof of the absolute necessity for immediate interference in the treatment of patients, is the treatment of lunatics in the Colony. In the columns of the Hongkong Telegraph on the 31st July, 1894, one of the staff of this journal thus described the state of affairs then existing in the Tung Wa Hospital, which he termed "a stain on our boasted civilization" and a "chamber of horrors" :-

"The doors thrown wide open, a horrible sight presented itself to the spectator: caged within thick hardwood bars, like ferocious wild animals in a menagerie, sat half-a-dozen alleged lunatics, four males and two adult females. All of them appeared perfectly harmless, especially the unfortunate women, one of whom was completely nude and amusing herself with the remnants of a 'thirty-cent blanket, the edge of which she imagined she was hemming. There this poor emaciated creature sat close to the rails of her den, perfectly willing to carry on a conversation with our reporter as he stood amazed at what he saw in a cage exactly opposite and in full view of the woman referred to. This contained a man who had been some time in confinement. He was dressed in filthy rags and had in front of him a tin pan full of very second-rate boiled

[ LXXIX]

rice and a tin pannikin of cold water-bis afternoon meal, which had been pushed in to him between the bars of his cage. He showed no inclination to partake of his luxurious repast and indeed he couldn't had he been so disposed, for the quantity and quality of his rations would not admit of that. He had nothing to say, neither did he take much notice of any one, and appeared perfectly quiet and harmless. In another cage there was a man who had torn his blanket to shreds, and who seemed very much annoyed at being confined in such a dungeon. None of the hapless inmates had beds to lie on, clean bedding to cover themselves with, or proper commodes, and the air in the ward was fœtid to a degree."

In continuation of the inspection of the Tung Wa, wherein the above mentioned dungeon is now turned into a clean, well ventilated reception ward, a visit was paid to the Lunatic Asylum adjoining the Government Civil Hospital. This is divided into two distinct buildings, one for the reception of foreigners and the other for Chinese. The arrangements in each are practically the same. For purposes of comparison the Chinese ward will be taken as representing the whole, as there are only three persons in the foreign ward.

A large two-storey building, with wide verandahs and iron bars, looking out on a large lawn, and overlooking the grounds of the Civil Hospital, is occupied by these unfortunates, the upper storey being for men and the lower for women. Each ward consists of a long room opening on the verandah, while at the back are the cells or dormitories of the inmates. Each cell, with a heavy door and grating, is fitted with a comfortable bed, the large room being the dining room. One cell is thickly padded, but this is rarely used. At one end of the verandah is a commodious bath-room with a clean bath and retiring room. The whole is scrupulously clean, the cement flooring being dry, the chairs and tables white, and there is an air of freshness and brightness hardly to be expected in such a place. The inmates, of whom there are at present nine men and six women, all look clean and are all dressed in spotless white "duck" cloth- ing. Although of necessity the unfortunates are confined, they looked happy despite the mental derangement with which they are all afflicted. Every afternoon when the weather permits the patients are taken on the lawn in front, where they are given exercise. The treatment accorded them by the warders and attendants is most compassionate, all being regarded more as children than as men or Women.

Immediately after the exposé in these columns in 1894, the Government took steps to prevent the detention of maniacs in the Tung Wa Hospital, with the result that the Government physicians now have power to order the removal of any of this class found there to the Asylum. The benefits thus conferred upon this helpless class can be readily seen from the comparison. Is there any valid reason why, for the benefit of the sick and wounded, the Government physicians should not have the power to order any patients improperly treated, or receiving no benefit from the treatment at the Tung Wa Hospital, to be taken to the Government Civil Hospital?

No. 587.

[ LXXX ]

Appendix XV.

(Colonial Surgeon to Chairman, Tung Wa Hospital Commission.)

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 22nd June, 1896.

SIR,

In accordance with your request I inspected the Tung Wa Hospital on Friday, the 19th instant, and was pleased to note the improvement made in the wards by the removal of the cubical screens, as I recommended in my Annual Report for 1894. This is an improvement to all the large wards for medical cases. These wards are now well ventilated and can be kept clean, but constant supervision will be necessary to see that this is done. The only one of the large wards that is not well ventilated is the surgical ward on the ground floor; the back verandalı is close to a high blank wall which obstructs both air and light; the front verandah opens into the passage way between it and the great Hall, so not much air and light get in in this way. The two other sides are blank walls in one of which is the door of entry, which opens into a passage of the main building. This ward is only fit for a store room. Now that the old Mortuary is done away with and the new Mortuary has been opened, which is a very great improve- ment, there is ample space for the construction of a new ward and proper coolies' quarters and then better arrangements could be made for surgical cases. I would also suggest that the Visiting Surgeon should daily report on the surgical cases admitted which he considers stand a fair chance of recovery or relief, if removed to a European hospital, that if possible they may be removed for treatment to the Government Civil Hospital or Alice Memorial Hospital if arrangements could be made with that institution. As the attendance there is almost wholly Chinese, they might have less objection to removal. As both plague cases and small-pox cases are now subject to removal from the Tung Wa Hospital, I would also recommend that typhoid cases should not be permitted to remain in that institution or any other infectious disease which is a serious danger to the community generally. The quilted bedding which cannot be washed or cleaned should be replaced by blankets. Now that they have a good washing house, bedding as well as clothing can be easily cleaned. If these things could be arranged much would be gained. The trivial cases, the bed-ridden and hopeless cases for which only the Hospital is fitted would be nearly all that remained,-cases which with difficulty find hospital accommodation at Home. Such cases as persisted in objection to European treatment and elected to remain in the Tung Wa would at any rate gain more as regards good diet and accommodation than they could possibly obtain in their own houses. The reason against the establishment of a Pauper Hospital in Hongkong is that this Colony is in no way comparable to the Colony of Singapore and Penang; those colonies contain many thousands of Chinese who have been born there and many thousands that never intend to return to their native land, and they are a considerable distance from China. Whereas in this Colony of the 240,000 Chinese there are only a few hundreds who are permanent residents; they come here as we do with the intention of making money and returning to their native land, Hongkong being close to the mainland. There are already two Hospitals for Chinese in this Colony where the attendance and treatment are mainly carried on by native doctors and attendants educated on European principles, under European supervision. These hospitals are supported by voluntary contributions and are never overcrowded though they are well known by and advertised among the Chinese and are now supported largely by native contributions. Suppose we established a Pauper Hospital

[LXXXI ]

and abolished the Tung Wa, not only would a considerable number of patients that now go to the latter institution remain in their own houses and not come under our notice till they were dead, but it is my belief in a very few years no matter how large the Hospital was it would be filled with bed-ridden and hopeless patients whom we should find a very great difficulty in getting rid of; for we could expect no assistance from the Chinese and should only have established an expensive incubus. Both the Alice Memorial and Nethersole Hospitals and the Tung Wa Hospital get rid of this class of patients as those institutions are mainly supported by Chinese who can arrange it. There has been sufficient difficulty with the removal of Chinese lunatics not belonging to the Colony. We have now in the Government Civil Hospital a case of this kind who has been there for nearly two years, and under treatment his life may be indefinitely prolonged; he has no friends; we cannot turn him into the street and so he remains. The Tung Wa receives many such cases but they manage to return many of them to their villages or friends on the mainland. Without the assistance of the Chinese we should not only find this a great difficulty but a great expense. Another thing is we should be establishing a competition with the Alice Memorial and Nether- sole Hospitals supported by voluntary contribution and probably become the means of abolishing them, for the Chinese are business men whose desire is like the rest of the world to get as much as they can for as little as possible, and they might withdraw their subscriptions. At Shanghai or any other settlement they only go to a European Hos- pital if they prefer it. They can go to the Chinese hospitals in the native portion of the city. At Macao similarly situated to ourselves they have a native hospital similar to the Tung Wa, but kept much better and cleaner than it.

I have the honour to be.

The Honourable

J. H. STEWART LOCKHART,

Chairman,

TUNG WA HOSPITAL COMMISSION.

No. 234.

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

PH. B. C. AYRES, Colonial Surgeon.

(Acting Colonial Surgeon to Chairman, Tung Wa Hospital Commission.)

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 21st June, 1896.

SIR,

In answer to your letter of the 19th instant I have the honour to forward the following statistics in three tables as follows:-

Return A.-Giving the number of patients who have died in the Tung Wa

Hospital from the 6th November, 1895, to 11th March, 1896,

who in my opinion it would have been desirable to have trans- ferred to the Government Civil Hospital.

[ LXXXII]

Return B.-A list of surgical cases transferred from the Tung Wa Hospital to the Government Civil Hospital who have died in this Hospital

during 1895. Only one of these, namely, the 4th, was trans- ferred during the time I was visiting surgeon.

Return C-The number of Chinese patients admitted to the Government

Civil Hospital during the three years 1893, 1894, 1895.

I have the honour to be.

Sir,

Your obedient Servant.

The Honourable J. H. STEWART LOCKHART, Chairman, Tung Wa Hospital Commission.

No.

Name.

Date of Death.

Return A.

Date of ad- mission to Tung Wa Hospital.

Disease,

J. M. ATKINSON,

Acting Colonial Surgeon.

Remarks.

1895.

1 Wong Un,

9th Nov.

2 Chan Pak,

19th

9th Nov. 16th

Gangrene of scrotum and penis,

Might have been

Cellulitis of neck.

3 Tam Kat,

20th

18th

Tertiary Syphilis.

4 Chow Un,

20th

7th

5 Leung Shi Ngan,

22nd

24th Oct.

6 Leung Fai,

22nd

5th Nov.

7 Wan In,

23rd

Septicemia, ulcer of foot.

Septicemia, Tertiary Syphilis.

Septicemia, abscess of buttock. Traumatic tetanus,

relieved but not enred.

Might have been relieved but not eured.

8 Tam King Man,

30th Nov.

27th Nov.

Epithelioma,

9 Wong Chun Fa,

5th Dec.

Tetanus,.

Do.

· Do.

10 Wan Cheung,

7th

23rd

11 Lu I.

7th

21st Oct.

12 | Sin Cheng,.

7th

30th July.

13 Chan Tai,

11th

14 Chan Fo,

12th

6th Dec. 5th Nov.

15 Man Man Ying,

16th

16 Sam Pui,

20th

29th Aug. 16th Dec.

Secondary Syphilis.

Septicemia, abscess of leg. Septicæmia, Tertiary Syphilis. Cancrum Oris,

Septicemia, Tertiary Syphilis.

Do.

Might have been

relieved but not cured.

Bubo, Septicemia.

17 Chan Ma Leung,

21st

Abscess of Liver.

18 Ip On,

19 Ko Sau,

22nd 30th

26th June.

Hip-Joint Disease.

20 Ng Yan,...

4th Jan.

21 Chan Yan,.......

6th

22 Yeung Fuk Leung,

9th

23 Wong Kwai,

9th

24 Fong Fuk Leung,

9th

30th Nov. 20th Dec. 30th Nov.

25 Lau Chan Ki,

10th

26 Leung Shi Ho,

12th

27 Pun Kan,

19th Jan. 18th

29th Dec.

1st Jan. 16th Dec.

7th Jan. 6th

Traumatic Tetanus, Phagaedenic Chancre. Ascites. Spinal Caries. Septicæmia, Bubo. Spinal Caries.

Traumatic Tetanus, Tertiary Syphilis.

3rd Mar. 21st Feb. | Ascites.

28 Ip Tam,...

29 Ku Sing,

30 An Cheong,

15th 22nd

9th 12th Jan.

Ascites.

Might have been relieved but not enred.

Might have been relieved but not cured.

Tetanus,..

J. M. ATKINSON,

Acting Colonial Surgeon.

Date of ad-

[ LXXXIII]

Return B.

mission to

No.

Name.

Govt. Civil Hospital.

Date of Death.

Disease.

Lam Nun,

13th Jan. 30th Jan.

Cellulitis of leg septicemia..

Remarks.

Wong Fu,

蕊

3. Wong Kai,.................

15th Feb. 19th Feb. Rupture of bladder Laparotomy,...

9th Mar. 12th Nov. Prolapse of Rectum....

4 Mok Sze Wai,

19th May. 11th June Stone in Bladder.

This man Was not operated on. The cause of death was Sep- ticæmia.

The operation was a dernier re- sort. The cause of death being peritonitis, which was not a result of the operation.

Ditto. Some five inches of the bowel had come down and

was gangre- nous.

The

cause of death was kid- ney disease. The result of the operation was successful.

J. M. ATKINSON,

Acting Colonial Surgeon.

Return C.

Number of Chinese patients admitted into the Government Civil Hospital from January 1893 to January 1896.

1893.

1894.

1895.

January,

February,

March,

44.

April,

May,

June,...

.82

July,

August,

103

September,

108

October,

November,

December,

Total,....

578

660

921

J. M. ATKINSON,

Acting Colonial Surgeon.

NAME.

[ LXXXIV]

Appendix XVI.

STAFF OF THE TUNG WA HOSPITAL.

DUTIES OF POST.

Lam Hok-nin,.

Doctor, (Interual Complaints),

Lami Tsz-ching,

Lam Fuk-bim,

Tong Sui-ting, Wong Sin-ki,...

(External Complaints), (Injuries),

(Internal Complaints),

Yeung Tsui-ngai,

Wai Sz-chi,..

Van Leung-kung,

Au Ping-ting,.

Vaccinator and Accountant,

Wong Mang-hon,.... Accountant,

Copying Clerk and Accountant,"

Leung Man-shang,.

Shin Ting-shan,

Ú Hou-ting,

Sn Kwong,

Ch'an Kam,......

P'un Lai-shang, Lan king-ting, Sin Kai-mi,.. Chi Tung, Wong Im, Wong I,

Cheung Tin,

Chan Wing,.

Wong Yung,

Tong Shang,

Wong Kan, Ho Tsoi, Sin Shang, Su Kong,...

Leung Hap,.

Furnishes Returns of Deaths in English.

Head of the Attendants and Members of the Subor- Į

dinate Staff,

Caretaker at the Mortuary,

Registration Clerk,

Head of the Drug Department,

Copying and Registration Clerk, Caretaker at Kailungwan Cemetery, Messenger for Patients, Grave Digger,

Assistant in Drug Department,

Coolie in Drug Department,.

Cleans Latrines and Washes Patients' Clothes,.

Washes Patients' Clothes,

Tsau Ngau,..

Lok On,

Cook for Patients,

Wan Tai,...

Chan Kwan,

Cook for Doctors, &c.,

Ng Tsun,... Kung Sham,

Lam Chün,

Lam Fuk-pò, Lin Sit,. Wong Chiu, Wong Ho, Lok Kam-on, Ching Un, Yam Tsun, Leung Fuk,..

Kwong Wing, Lui San, Wong Cheuk,

Ch'an Sui,

Cook for Servants,

Assistant Cook for Servants,

Assists in compounding Plasters,

Prepares Medicines,

95.

Watchman and Messenger,

Barber,

Porter.

Ward Attendant,

Chiu Chü,

Tam Iu,

Ching Tseung,

Han Yui,..

Tang Kat,

Mak Kwong,

Ch'an Luk,.

Ng Lung, Wong Ying, Ch'an Hi,

Un Tai, (female),

Ló Chuk (female)..

Yeung Lei,

Tang Ching, Tsang Sz, In Cheung,

Ip Tsun,

Assistant to Foreman,

Attendant in Hall,

* 1 tael-1 dollar 39 cents.

MONTHLY SALARY.

DATE OF ENGAGEMENT.

20 Taels.*

26.

7. 1886.

3. 1889.

3. 9. 1891,

8. 11. 1893.

16. 2. 1895.

13.

5. 1896.

24.

4. 1896.

20.

5. 1896.

010412 0

20 Dollars.

16. 1. 1877.

30. 1. 1892.

10. 10. 1893.

13.

26.

30.

29.

18. 8. 1879.

15.

2. 1896.

21.

4. 1896. .

21.

4. 1896.

1. 1896.

22.

7. 1895.

4. 1896.

1. 1895.

1. 1892.

8. 1887.

20. 10 1894. 7. 1887.

30.

8. 11. 1894. 5. 1886.

18.

2. 1872.

6. 6. 1886.

12. 11. 1894.

1. 4. 1995.

18. 11. 1888.

5. 3. 1896.

24. 9. 1877.

29. 10. 1894.

13. 2. 1896.

23.

2. 1896.

19.

5. 1896.

18.

1. 1893.

13.

2. 1896.

14.

4. 1884.

1. 1895.

3. 1892.

5. 1896.

21.

20.

6. 1886.

8. 1895.

26. 1. 1895.

22. 11. 1881. 20. 10. 1880.

8. 8. 1893.

19.

2. 1889.

25.

2. 1895.

26.

8. 1894.

19. 9. 1895.

12. 10. 1895.

11. 10. 1895.

23. 2. 1896.

28. 5. 1891.

1. 5. 1896.

25.

3. 1896.

30.

1. 1892.

1 10 10 00 00

12.

3. 1880.

~13-10

17. 11. 1895.

31.

3. 1896.

23. 12. 1894.

22. 7. 1895.

13. 4. 1896.

15. 1. 1896.

[ LXXXVÍ |

Appendix XIX.

PARTICULARS RE TUNG WA HOSPITAL PROPERTY.

APPROXI- INSURANCE

STREET.

LOT.

MATE RENTAL.

AND

CROWN

RENTAL NET.

REMARKS.

No.

Name.

GROSS.

RENT.

Portion of I. L. 3812

Queen's Road West,

660.00

29.42

630.58

Not insured.

I. L. 697

Do.,

198.00

Do.,

492.00

80.28

1,065.72

་་

Do.,

456.00

I. L. 764

Do.,

480.00

Do.,

468.00

85.02

1,894.98

90/2

Do.,

1,032.00

I. L. 1158

Bonham Strand West,

1,920.00

122.00

1,798.00

I. L. 866

Jervois Street,

504.00

97.50

1,282.50

Bonham Strand,

876.00

1. L. 560

122

Do.,

900.00

I. L. 561

124

Do.,

780.00

118.96

2,281.04

I. L. 562

126

Do..

720.00

M. L. 48

Wing Lok Street,

116

Praya Central.

1.200.00

50.18

1,149.82

Portion of M. L. 140

Hillier Street,

384.00

13.20

370.80 Not insured.

I. L. 13

2.2a

Aberdeen Street,

816.00

4613 10 2 4 CO

Do.,

420.00

Do.,

378.00

Tung Wa Lane,

156.00

Do.,

168.00

155.52

2,442.48

Dois . Do.,

156.00

180.00

Do., Do.,

168.00

156.00

Net Rental, $12,915.92

which, if capitalized at 6 •

$215,265,32

Hongkong, 24th July, 1896.

A. SHELTON HOOPER, Secretary,

The Hongkong Land Investment & Agency Company, Limited.

NOTE. The Insurance premia have been calculated at Current Rates on existing Insured values.

No allowances have been made for repairs or vacancies.

A. M. THOMSON, Acting Colonial Treasurer.

[ LXXXV ]

Appendix XVII.

Petition No. 202.

KU FAI-SHAN, LÓ CHI-TIN, and other Directors of the Tung Wa Hospital present a petition, praying that a grant may be made from the reserve funds to meet expenditure.

In recent years the number of both out-patients and in-patients has regularly increased and an increase of expenditure has resulted therefrom. The ordinary yearly expenditure is about $30,000 while the income from house property is about $9,000. To meet the balance of expenditure the hospital has to trust to the subscriptions from Hongs and charitable persons which are barely sufficient for the purpose, and therefore it has not been possible to put by much. The year in which the plague was epidemic, the number of persons attacked was so great that the Hospital opened a branch for the treatment of these cases, and a sum of $19,000 was expended in this way.

A sum amounting to a little over $7,500 was borrowed from the balance of the (famine) relief fund. Now they have had to repair the drains and build a new encoffining room, clothes store, lavatory and latrine, and make a new road at a cost of $8,500. Every- thing has now been completed, and the Hospital is pressed for immediate payment. The question has been discussed again and again and no other course seems open than to appropriate for that purpose $20,000 from the money deposited in the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank. They therefore expressly set forth this full statement of their case for your Honour's information, and pray that $20,000 may be granted from the $34,000 deposited in the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank to meet expenditure incurred. They humbly pray that their petition may be submitted to His Excellency the Governor for his approval.

Appendix XVIII.

Donations not yet paid by the various guilds.

Referred to in Mr. Lo CHI-TIN's evidence. (See page 49.)

Compradores Guild 1895,.

.$500.00

Rice Guild 1895,

500.00

Iron and Copper Guild 1895,

200.00

Ship Compradores Guild 1895,..

200.00-

Pork Guild 1893, $35; 1894, $35 and 1895, $200,

270.00

Pig Lan Guild 1895,..

200.00

Carpenters Guild 1893, $52.52; 1894, $150 and 1895, $150,

352.52

Fruit and Vegetable Guild 1895,

100.00

Rattan Guild 1895,

100.00

Fresh Fish Guild 1895,..

80.00

Pond Fish Guild 1892-1895,

Poultry Guild 1895,

200.00

50.00

Tobacco Guild 1895,

Old Clothes Guild 1895,

་་་

50.00

40.00

Masons Guild 1894, $20 and 1895, $50,.

Cattle Lan Guild 1891, $80; 1894, $100 and 1895, $100, Mat Bag Guild 1895,...

70.00

280.00 .

60.00

HONGKONG.

REPORTS ON THE HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

Annual inspection of, by G.O.C.

(From the General Officer Commanding in China and Hongkong to His Excellency the Governor of Hongkong.)

235

No. 18

HONGKONG, 28th April, 1896.

SIR,-I have the honour to acquaint your Excellency that I personally made the Annual Inspection of the Hongkong Field Battery and Maxim Gun Volunteer Corps for 1896 on the 9th instant, and have to report:

1. The turn out of the men was satisfactory, their 7-pr. guns, Maxims, arms, and equipment are well kept up and appear to be in serviceable condition.

2. The Officers and men know their drill sufficiently well for practical purposes, and from personal observation at tactical exercises and Field Firing, I know that the Field Battery shoots well, and believe that the Maxim Gun Corps usually makes good practice.

3. The adoption of khaki clothing and brown belts gives a serviceable appearance to the Corps.

4. That the Members prefer drawing the guns instead of employing coolie draught shows a good spirit, but I consider it would be wise to accustom Chinamen to drag and carry the guns over the rugged hill sides, and I approve of the Commandant's intention to use coolie draught more frequently in future in operations at a distance from Head Quarters.

5. I think perhaps that the number of drills for efficient volunteers might be somewhat reduced in accordance with the Home Volunteer Regulations; but on this point I shall address your Excellency later on.

6. Major PEMBERTON speaks highly of the assistance rendered him by the Officers, their efforts at recruiting members and the great interest they have taken in the drills, competitions, &c., all tending materially to the efficiency of the Corps.

7. I recommend to your Excellency's consideration the enrolment of old members to the Volunteer Reserve subiect to no diminuition being made in the present strength of efficient members, whose numbers are already too small.

8. The Corps has not appreciably increased in strength during the past year, and their muster at the Annnal Inspection parade was poor, but I have great faith in the loyal spirit of the British residents of Hongkong, and feel sure that if the Colony were to require their services they would rally to the Volunteers in great numbers.

9. I enclose the Commandant's report and desire to add that Major PEMBERTON's zeal in his work and long experience of Volunteers have tended largely to the efficiency of the Corps.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

W. BLACK,

Major-General.

236

VOLUNTEERS.

TRAINING. 1895-96.

(From the Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteers, to the Deputy Assistant Adjutant General (A) and Chief Staff Officer, China.)

VOLUNTEER HEAD QUARTERS,

HONGKONG, April 20th, 1896.

1. Schedules. Drills "A & B."

2. Copy of Regulations of Corps.*

SIR, I have the honour to forward the documents, as per margin, 3. Nominal Roll Efficients Field connected with the training of the Hongkong Volunteers Corps for the season Nominal Roll Efficients A 95-96, for the information of His Excellency the Major-General Commanding

and favour of transmission with his remarks to His Excellency the Governor.

Battery.

Maxim Gun Co.

5. Musketry Return Field Bat-

tery.

6. Musketry Return A Maxim

Gun Co.

and Officers and Staff Ser- geants of Corps.

2. In October last a Camp of Instruction was held for 10 days at Stone- cutter's Island, which was very well attended; outpost duties, guards, Revolver Practice Return of reconnoitring in addition to the ordinary drills were practised. It was also hoped that the Naval Range could have been lent for the period of duration 8. Report of Gun Practice Field of the camp. It being, however, under reconstruction no use could be made 9. Report of Gun Practice A of it. I hope, however, that the Corps will be able to take advantage of it next autumn when I propose to apply for a camp under canvas at the same 11. Requisitions for Capitation spot; provided that a large portion of the members of the Corps will under-

take to attend it.

Battery.

Maxim Gun Co.

10. Copy of Inspection State.

Grant.

12. State of Corps 16th April,

1896.

3. I have not had occasion to employ coolie draught to any great extent during the season. The members preferred drawing the guns themselves as a rule. I propose, however, in future to employ coolie draught whenever the Corps is engaged in operations at a distance from Head Quarters.

4. The Officers have assisted me greatly by their regular attendance at drills, their efforts to recruit members and by the example they have set. I feel strongly that increased efficiency of the Corps and the greater interest taken on the drills competitions, etc. is due to their efforts.

5. Alterations have this year been made made by the Adjutant (Captain L. A. C. GORDON, R.A.) in the 64 P. competition of the Field Battery, it now being done by detachments and not by individual competition as heretofore. It proved a success; caused much better competition and better firing. Captain GORDON has also started an Annual Gun Layer's competition which produced a keen contest.

6. The Corps loses temporarily the services of Lieut. H. E. DENSON who has been recently seconded for two years. Lieut. DENSON, who is a very capable Officer, has served in the Corps since 20th December, 1882, during a considerable portion of his service he performed the duties of Quarter- Master very efficiently.

7. The Non-Commissioned Officers are most zealous and hard working; they have shewn a good example to the men by regular attendance and by the interest they take in their work.

8. With regard to the men I notice that there is an increase of 13 in the general total of the Corps, this taking into consideration the fact that there have been 24 resignations accepted during the past year 12 of whom have left the Colony shews that 37 new members have been enrolled, thus shewing that Volunteering in Hongkong it not on the wane. Although it will be seen that there are 5 less efficients in the Maxim Gun Co. this year, the general total of efficients in the Corps shews an increase over last year's total of 3. Twelve recruits have joined since April 1st. The Corps has never been up to the present strength before.

9. Khaki Drill and Putties have been substituted in the Field Battery for summer wear in lieu of white clothing. All work in the field has been carried out in khaki; the change in uniform has met with general approval.

10. Revolver practice has taken place this year for the first time (report attached). The Officers and Staff Sergeants of the Corps fired. In future I hope this practice will be carried out annually.

11. I would state that I consider the number of drills as laid down in the schedules A and B to be somewhat excessive for an efficient volunteer, and would strongly recommend for very favourable consideration that the schedule based as far as practicable on Appendix IV., page 270, Home Volunteer Regulations 1895, be substituted. I would point out that some of the members have been efficient for some years; at present they have no advantage over a member who has only been in the Corps one year, in respect of attendance at drills.

12. I would also suggest that sanction be given to enrol on the Volunteer Reserve of the Colony (referred to in paragraph 19 regulations of the Corps* a copy of which is attached for reference)

* Not printed here. Sec Government Gazette of the 6th May, 1893, page 332, vol. XXXIX.

}

237

ex-members who, through press of business, have quitted the Corps from time to time, and that they be permitted to retain the rank they held on leaving the Corps; and also to enrol any other desirable person who cannot afford the time to become an Active Volunteer but who would be desirous of serving in case of actual necessity.

13. The Corps under my command being armed with the Martini-Henry carbine, I would suggest that the Senior Ordnance Store Officer be directed to keep up 30,000 rounds annually for this arm, to be indented for as required on re-payment.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

ARTHUR R. PEMBERTON,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

Recruit,.........

Trained Volunteer,

(1st & 2nd year's service).

Trained Volunteer,

(3rd & subsequent year's service).

Recruit,.......

Trained Volunteer,

(1st & 2nd year's service).

Trained Volunteer,

(3rd & subsequent year's service).

Schedule A.

FOR FIELD BATTERY.

REQUIRED NUMBER OF DRILLS.

Squad. Company.

Gun Practice.

Gun.

Musketry.

Total.

Course as laid down for

Garrison Artillery.

Course as laid down for

Garrison Artillery.

Course as laid down for

Garrison Artillery.

A. R. PEMBERTON,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

Schedule B.

FOR MACHINE GUN COMPANIES.

REQUIRED NUMBER OF DRILLS.

Squad. Company.

Gun Practice.

Gun.

Musketry.

Total.

Course laid down for Gar-

rison Artillery.

Course laid down for Gar-

rison Artillery.

}

Course laid down for Gar-

rison Artillery.

A. R. PEMBERTON,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

238

HONGKONG VÕLUNTEER CORPS.

FIELD BATTERY.

Nominal Roll of Efficients for the year ending 16th April, 1896.

Corps Number.

Rank and Name.

Corps Number.

Rank and Name.

Major Pemberton, A. R.,

147

Gunner Fisher, F.

1st Batt. Rifle Brigade, Acting Commandant.

125

Gifford, T.

Captain Gordon, L. A. C.,

101

Gow, W.

Royal Artillery, Adjutant.

148

Quater-Master Sergeant Watling, G. W.,

158

Corps Quarter-Master Sergeant.

115

(3 Staff).

Hand, J.

Captain McCallum, J.

135

Lieutenant Chapman, A.

Machell, W.

McDonald, D.

Surgeon-Captain Cantile, J.

Surgeon-Lieutenant Stedman, F. O.

(6 Officers).

"A" Battery Sergeant-Major Duncan, G. L.

"A" Battery Quarter-Master Sergt. Coyle, J. Sergeant Hayward, G. C.

144

154

149

وو

150

152

159

})

141

Gilchrist, J. Gidley, H.

Harman, C. J.

Hopkins, R. G. Horley, H.

Humphreys, W. M. Hayward, S. W. Hayward, H. E. Hance, C. E. A.

Henderson, R. Inglis, J. A.

Lammert, H. A, Moller, J. A.

127

Meek, T.

Wylie, W. K.

126

Nolan, T.

104

Lowrie, J.

102

Patton, G.

Lammert, R. F.

Palmer, H. O.

120

Bremner, J.

107

Rutter, R. V.

118

McPhail, H.

Ramjhan, S. A.

Corporal Grimes, J. B.

106

103

Ewing, A.

151

Sayer, E. A. R.

Armstrong, J. H. W.

Bennett, H. W.

143

Smith, W.

Purcell, W. H.

157

Sharp, E.

119

Henderson, J.

132

116

Bealey, A. J.

153

دو

Brown, A.

109

Curran, T.

145

Crispin, C.

100

288

Craddock, H. E.

Deas, W. M.

Ellis, O. J.

Gunner Bamsey, W. F.

Bridger, H. B.

105 155

White, G.

* Staff of Corps.

Stewart, W.

Stopani, W. A.

Toppin, W. J.

Warren, C. E.

(54 Non-Commissioned Officers and Men).

These Members have more than the number of drills required, but some of them have done more under some heads and less under others than they should have done according to schedule.

A. R. PEMBERTON,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

"A" MACHINE GUN COMPANY.

Nominal Roll of Efficients for the year ending 16th April, 1896.

Corps Number.

Rank and Name.

Corps Number.

Rank and Name.

Captain Adamson, C. M.

Gunner Crombie, H.

Lieutenant Osborne, E.

146

Gillingham, J. R.

Marshall, A. McP.

139

Hooper, J.

Surgeon-Lieutenant Lowson, J. A.

و,

Millward, G. W.

(4 Officers).

Newton, W.

114

Rankin, J.

Sergeant Sanders, E. D.

Colour-Sergeant Maitland, F.

Firth, C. M.

Acting-Sergeant Thompson, H. A. S.

122

Lammert, G. P.

134

Stewart, G. E.

113

Corporal Badeley, F. J.

111

Fullerton, G. C.

Symth, F.

129 128

Gunner Arnould, C. W.

Bruce, J. S.

137

156

Bowley, F. B. L. Bevington, A.

Shepherd, E. C.

(21 Non-Commissioned Officers and Men).

These Members have more than the number of drills required, but some of them have done more under some heads and less under others then they should have done according to schedule.

N.B.--Staff of Corps shewn with Field Battery.

A. R. PEMBErton,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

Wilcox, H. E.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

FIELD BATTERY.

Musketry Return shewing Percentage and Classification for the Year ending 16th April, 1896,

Number Firing.

Number of Points.

Classification.

Percentage.

Remarks.

1st Class. 2nd Class. 3rd Class.

Recruits' Course,

829

61.66

Trained Soldiers' Course,

* 43

2,569

53.32

Total,.......

3,398

ون

239

*This includes Re-

cruits who fired Trained Soldiers' Course also.

177

A. R. PEMBERTON,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

"A" MACHINE GUN COMPANY.

Musketry Return shewing Percentage and Classification for the Year ending 16th April, 1896.

Classification.

Number Firing.

Number of Points.

Percent-

Remarks.

1st

age. Marks-

3rd men. Class. Class. Class.

2nd

Recruits' Course,

138

35.20

Trained Soldiers' Course,

* 23

1,334

51.78

Staff of Corps,

Total,......

1,472

*This

includes Re-

cruits who fired Trained Soldiers' Course also.

A. R. PEMBerton,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

Revolver Practice Return shewing Percentage for the Year ending 16th April, 1896.

Unit.

Number

Number Firing.

of Percentage. Points.

888

68.00

Field Battery,...

177

61.47

"A" Machine Gun Company,

52.08

Total,.........

325

61.55

Remarks.

The first time Revolver Practice has been carried out by the Officers and Staff Sergeants of the Corps.

A. R. PEMBERTON,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

240

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

FIELD BATTERY.

Report of Gun Practice carried out during the Year ending 16th April, 1896.

Nature of Practice.

Date on which Practice was carried

out.

Present

Parade.

Number of rounds fired.

General idea of Practice.

7-Pr. R.M.L. Gun 200 lbs.,

26th October, 1895,

64-Pr. R.M.L. Gun 64 cwt.,. 13th February, 1896,

7-Pr. R.M.L. Gun 200 lbs., . 14th March, 1896,

Practice at Floating Targets from Stone- cutter's Island, East Shore, during Camp of Instruction.

Practice at Barrel Target anchored from Stonecutter's Island, South Shore Battery.

Defence against boats attempting to effect a landing at Sandy Bay, during Mobilisation of Garrison.

A. R. PEMBERTON,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

“A” MACHINE GUN COMPANY.

Report of Gun Practice carried out during the Year ending 16th April, 1896.

Nature of Practice.

Date on which Practice was carried out.

Present

Number

of rounds

Parade.

fired.

General idea of Practice.

0.45" Maxim M.H. Chamber 26th October, 1895,

Maxim Gun,

1,200

Do.,

14th December, 1895,

1,428

Do.,

14th March,

1896,

1,043

Practice at Floating Targets from Stone- cutter's Island, East Shore, during Camp of Instruction.

Defence against boats attempting to effect a landing near North Point Battery.

HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS. Inspection State, 15th April, 1896.

"A"

A. R. PEMBERTON,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

State of Corps.

Present on Parade...............

Absent

With leave in Colony,

.......

With leave out of Colony,...

Without leave,

On Medical Certificate,

Officers.

Field

Staff.

Battery.

Machine Gun Company.

N.C.O.'s

Officers.

N.C.O.'s & Men.

Officers.

N.C.O.'s & Men.

Total.

...

Total,

#71

120

One Copy each to-

H.E. Major-General WILSONE BLACK, C.B., Inspecting Officer. Lieut.-Col. O'GORMAN, D.A.A. G. and Chief Staff Officer.

Remarks.

* This total does not include 13 unenrolled Boy Signallers, 1 unen- rolled Boy Trumpeter.

A. R. PEMBERTON,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

Requisition No. 8 for Authority to incur certain Expenses in the Office of the Hongkong Volunteer Corps,

during the Month of April, 1896.

241

Particulars.

Expended to 17th April,

Total.

Vote.

Balance.

Now Required.

1896.

Colonial Defence.

Expenses of the Volunteers.

Capitation Grant.

€9

Field Battery,

"A" Machine Gun Company,

Total,.....

5,123.05

12,000.00

6,876.95

2,288.00

Efficients.

Hongkong Volunteer Corps Office, Hongkong, 17th April, 1896.

A. R. PEMBERTON,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Voluntcer Corps.

DEPARTMENT OF THE HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

Payee.

Other Charges,--For the Month of April, 1896.

Nature of Account.

Acting Commandant,

Expenses of the Volunteers.

Capitation Grant.

Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

Field Battery,

63 Members.

"A" Maxim Gun Co.,........ 25

Total,... 88 Members.

Efficients at $26 each,.

Total.

2,288.00

I certify that the above enumerated charges have been necessarily incurred in the service of the Government, and that they are just and reasonable; that the terms of all contracts concerned therewith have been duly complied with, and all services referred to duly performed during the periods and by the persons stated; that the expenditure is duly authorised; and that all articles specified have been duly received.

A. R. PEMBERTON, Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

I have received from the Colonial Treasurer the above named total sum for the discharge of the above enumerated accounts.

A. R. PEMBerton, Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

242

DISTRIBUTION.

RETURN OF HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.

Staff.

Field Battery.

Machine Gun Companies.

Commandant.

Adjutant.

Med. Officer.

Total.

Captains.

Lieutenants.

Sergeants.

Corporals.

Gunners.

Captains.

Lieutenants.

Sergeants.

Corporals.

Gunners.

Present,

Jand

on leave,

Absent

without leave,

Total,......

Wanting to complete, .

Supernumerary,

1 1 1 3

Establishment,

...

ลง

Total.

1123

1 2 3 3 32

115*

6 58

125

6 2

8 8 85

113

12 120

238

...

DECREASE.

To Promotion,

Joined,.......

Promoted,

...

:..

INCREASE.

1 1

* This total does not include 13 unenrolled boy Signallers, 1 unenrolled boy Trumpeter.

A. R. PEMBERTON,

Acting Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.

Volunteer Head Quarters, Hongkong, 16th April, 1896.

141

No.

HONGKONG.

STATEMENT OF WATER ACCOUNT TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor,

To Balance,

STATEMENT OF WATER ACCOUNT TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

Treasury in account with Water Account.

Maintenance of Water Works,

Kowloon Water Supply,

New Water Mains,

Tytam Water Works Extension,

Cash payment by Treasury for Water Account,

......

" Stores,

1268

By amounts rendered to Treasury $21,079 less $292.74 written off as per C.S.O. 13, and Memoranda to Treasury and Auditor dated 19th February, 1895, 3rd May, 1895, and 6th, 7th, 9th, 11th, and 13th November, 1895,

By Water Rates on--

Receipts.

Expenditure.

cts.

69,268.09

20,786.26

10,136.95

27,291.09

3,362.57

37,590.09

694.37

7,359.36

Victoria,

..$64,465.49

Hill District,

1,726.14

Kowloon,

1,112.15

Interim Valuations,

21.50

67,325.28

By Balance,

67,590.98

155,702.52

DAVID WOOD,

Office Assistant and Accountant.

Hongkong, 9th March, 1896.

FRANCIS A. COOPER,

Director of Public Works.

REPORT

ON THE

WATER SUPPLY

OF THE

CITY OF VICTORIA AND HILL DISTRICT

HONGKONG.

FRANCIS A. COOPER, MEM. INST. C.E.,

Director of Public Works.

9TH MAY, 1896.

DRO

HONGKONG:

PRINTED BY NORONHA & Co.,

GOVERNMENT PRINTERS, 5,789, Zetland Street.

1896.

243

Mr. Rawling's Project 1860-1863,

CONTENTS.

Mr. Wilson's Project 1866–1871, .........

Construction of Pokfoolum Conduit 1876-1877,

Condition of Water Supply to the City of Victoria 1873,..

Mr. Price's Report 1873,

Taitam Project 1883-1889,

Albany Filter Beds,

Pokfoolum Filter Beds,

PAGES.

5-6

Distribution Project 1889-1891, Hydraulic Motors,

Service Reservoirs,

Peak Water Supply 1891, ............

Streams Intercepted by Conduits,

Extension of Taitam Reservoir 1894,

Extension of Catchment Area Taitam Reservoir 1895,

Yield of Catchment Areas during dry season 1890 and 1891,

Yield of Catchment Areas and Springs 1895 and 1896, Filtration of Water,

Supply obtainable from existing works,

Present requirements of City and Hill District,

Additional works to meet present requirements,...

Future requirements,

Proposed Works Pokfoolum Valley,...

Proposed Works Taitam Valley,

The use of sea water for street watering and flushing purposes,

Expenditure,

Appendices, Rainfall Statistics,......

9-10

10-11

12-14

11-14

16-17

18-20

18-19

19-20

21-22

22-26

INDEX OF DRAWINGS* ACCOMPANYING REPORT.

Drawing No. 1.

General Plan.

Distribution Works City of Victoria.

Drawing No. 2.

Drawing No. 3.

Drawing No. 4.

General Plan.

Pokfoolum Water Works.

Plan of Proposed Reservoir Pokfoolum.

Sections of Proposed Reservoir Pokfoolum.

Drawings Nos. 5 and 6. Proposed Alterations to existing Reservoir Pokfoolum.

Drawing No. 7.

General Plan. Taitam and Vicinity.

Drawing No. 8.

Proposed Reservoir Taitam Valley Site No. 1.

Drawing No. 9.

Proposed Reservoir Taitam Valley Site No. 2.

Drawing No. 10. Drawing No. 11.

Proposed Reservoir Taitam Valley Site No. 3.

Drawing No. 12. Drawing No. 13.

Proposed Reservoir Taitam Valley Site No. 4. Proposed Reservoir Taitam Valley Site No. 5. Proposed Reservoir near Wongneichong Gap.

* Not Printed.

245

HONGKONG.

REPORT ON THE WATER SUPPLY OF THE CITY OF

VICTORIA AND HILL DISTRICT.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor.

PUBLIC WORKS OFFICE,

247

No. 19

HONGKONG, 9th May, 1896.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward you the following report on the water supply to the City of Victoria, and Hill District.

2. The history of the works constructed and the various projects that have from time to time been put forward for securing a liberal supply of water to the City of Victoria are contained in numerous official documents dating from the year 1860. These are neither easily accessible nor convenient for general reference.

3. Before dealing with the main objects of this report, viz., the capacity of the present works and the available means of increasing the present water supply, I propose briefly to place on record in a connected form for convenience of future reference the main features of the existing works, and, the facts and opinions recorded in the various reports submitted to Government that are of general interest or of practical utility in considering this subject.

HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE.

4. Prior to the year 1860 the water supply for the City of Victoria was obtained from the streams flowing down the northern slope of the hills immediately above the City. These were tapped above the built area and led into small tanks, situated in convenient positions in various parts of the City, from which the water was supplied to the inhabitants.

5. Mr. S. B. Rawling's Project. The scarcity of the water supply to the City during the winter of 1859 led to the preparation of the first project of any magnitude. The details of this project are contained in a report by Mr. S. B. RAWLING dated 29th February, 1860, in which he proposed--

(a) The construction of a reservoir in the Pokfoolum Valley to impound 30,000,000 gallons by throwing a dam across it at a point about 2,400 feet up the ravine from the bridge on the Aberdeen Road.

(b) The laying of a 10-inch cast iron main along the Pokfoolum and Robinson Roads 17,400 feet in length to a point immediately south of Inland Lot No. 605 capable of discharging 1,000,000 gallons per diem.

200,000 gallons. (No. 1 Tank.)

(d) The construction of a tank, connected with the previous one immediately south of Bonham Road at the top of Taipingshan, of a capacity of 850,000 gallons. (No. 2 Tank..)

(e) The erection of 30 fountains and 125 fire cocks.

6. Mr. RAWLING gives the total population of the City as follows:-

Land,.. Boat,

Total,.

.49,880.

.14,701

64,581 .

and considers that a supply at the rate of 15 gallons per head based on a total population of 60,000 will be found sufficient.

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY.

248

(6)

7. The estimated cost of this project is given as follows:-

Reservoir,....

10" Cast Iron Main,..

No. 1 Tank,

....

No. 2 Tank, Fountains, Fire Cocks, Contingencies,

Total,......

£ 2,225. 7. 3 11,907. 3. 8 1,730. 6. 3 3,940.13. 4 600. 0. 0

885. 0. 0 2,128.17. 0

..£23,417. 7. 6

8. The area of the City to be supplied by these works and the existing tanks was bounded on the north by the harbour, on the south by Bonham Road, Mosque Street and Robinson Road East, and on the east by the Seamen's Hospital.

9. This project was referred to a Committee which recommended that it be adopted with the exception of the construction of the reservoir, as they were of opinion that further provision beyond that provided by the construction of a suitable intake on the stream was unnecessary. The height of the proposed dam was therefore lessened, the storage capacity of the reservoir reduced to 2,000,000 gallons and the estimate amended to £22,700.

10. The project as amended was adopted and completed in 1863 at a total cost of $170,000 which was met by a water rate of 2 per cent. on the value of house rentals.

11. In a despatch from Sir RICHARD GRAVES MACDONNELL to the Right Honourable the Earl of CARNARVON dated 27th August, 1866, His Excellency states that the supply obtained from the water works hitherto constructed during the dry season only amounts to 408,000 gallons per diem, and urges the immediate construction of an impounding reservoir in the Pokfoolum Valley.

12. Mr. W. Wilson's Project. In a brief report dated the 10th of May, 1866, Mr. WILSON states that the yield of the catchment area above the intake of the 10-inch main is only 108,000 gallons per diem during the dry season, though from May to October inclusive a sufficient supply is obtained.

13. Mr. WILSON, after calling attention to the large flow of water in the Taitam Valley, considers that any scheme for conducting its waters to the City of Victoria is impracticable owing to the distance, and recommends the construction of an impounding reservoir to hold 100,000,000 gallons in the Pokfoolum Valley.

14. However, the size of this reservoir was subsequently reduced, and one of a capacity of 68,000,000 gallons and having a catchment area of 416 acres was constructed by throwing an earthen embankment 50 feet in height across the ravine at a short distance above the intake works constructed by Mr. RAWLING. Top water level 554.6 feet above Ordnance Datum.

15. This work together with the construction of two small dams on streams crossing the Pokfoolum Road was carried out during the years 1866-1871 at an approximate cost of $223,270.

16. Further additions to the water works were also made during these years by the construction of intake works on the Wongneichong and Tai Hang streams and conducting the water of these streams to the eastern portion of the City.

The cost of these intake works was:

Wongneichong, Tai Hang,

...

$ 817.32 1,850.00

Total,..........

$2,667.32

17. As the built area of the City extended to the higher levels, the small supply of water obtainable from the Gleanely Ravine became quite inadequate to meet the requirements of the tenants of houses situated above the level of the area supplied from No. 1 Tank, and a project was proposed for the construction of a conduit contouring the hill at a level of about 500 feet above the sea from the outlet of the Pokfoolum reservoir to the Glenealy Ravine.

18. Pokfoolum Conduit.-The project for the construction of the Pokfoolum conduit does not appear to have assumed a definite shape until after the appointment of Mr. J. M. PRICE to the office of Surveyor General in 1873 when the urgent need of an increased water supply was again receiving the earnest attention of the Government.

19. The construction of this conduit was not, however, commenced till 1876 when contracts were entered into for the construction of a covered conduit commencing at a Gauge basin to be constructed immediately below the Pokfoolum reservoir dam and contouring the hillside at a level of about 500 feet above the sea to the Albany Tanks situated on the east side of the Glenealy Ravine.

20. This conduit has a total length of 17,840 lineal feet and over the greater portion is constructed of brickwork and masonry, rectangular in section, being 1′ 6′′ × 1′ 6′′. Cast iron inverted syphons

249

(7)

of an aggregate length of 2,206 lineal feet were used to cross five of the ravines, these consisted of two cast iron pipes 10 inches in diameter laid side by side. The discharging capacity of this conduit was 2,000,000 gallons a day until it reached syphon No. 4 where it was reduced to 1,700,000 gallons a day.

21. The work was completed in 1877, and the 10-inch main in the Pokfcolum Road removed at a total cost of $62,090.76, having been carried out under the supervision of Mr. W. Danby, C.E.

22. The completion of this work though providing for the delivery of Pokfoolum water above the level of the Robinson Road did not increase the quantity of the daily supply of water available during the dry season which practically remained the same as it was in 1873.

23. In a report dated 1st November, 1885, Mr. PRICE gives the following particulars regarding the water supply to the City of Victoria on his arrival in 1873. "In 1873 Victoria contained about 95,000 inhabitants, of which, however, excluding garrison and shipping, only 92,000 may be included in these calculations as water consumers, and the daily allowance was 5 gallons per head made up as follows:-

From Pokfoolum,

Wongneichong Dam,

....4.40 gallons.

.50

Mint Dam,

.25

Glenealy Nullah,......

.10

Wells, Springs and other sources,

.50

Total, 5.75 gallons."

24. Mr. Price's Project.-This condition of things in view of the increasing population of the City and the growing demands for water for trade purposes indicated only too clearly that some steps must be taken to increase the quantity of water available for distribution during the dry season. Consequently Mr. PRICE shortly after his arrival directed his attention to the subject and in a report dated the 1st November, 1873, submitted definite projects for the consideration of Government.

35. In this report Mr. PRICE enters at considerable length into the past history of the water question, and describes in detail the available sources of supply.

26. Projects are considered for obtaining an additional supply from the valleys of Pokfoolum, Aberdeen and Taitam, and the streams intercepted by the conduits that it would be necessary to construct for conveying the water from these valleys to the City.

27. The Pokfoolum project included the formation of a storage reservoir of 50,000,000 gallons capacity in the valley above the reservoir constructed in 1871 by the construction of a dam 350 feet long and 90 feet in height, and the formation of a further reservoir of 74,000,000 gallons capacity in the valley below the reservoir constructed in 1871 by the construction of a dam 250 feet long and 55 feet in height across the valley at the level of 457 feet above the sea.

28. The Aberdeen project included the formation of a storage reservoir of 213,000,000 gallons capacity by constructing a dam across the Aberdeen Valley above the present Paper Mills at a level of about 240 feet above the sea, the length of the proposed dam being 520 feet and its height 90 feet.

29. The Taitam project included the formation of a storage reservoir of 250,000,000 gallons capacity by the construction of a dam 400 feet in length and 90 feet in height across the Taitam Valley at a level of about 400 feet above the sea.

30. The total estimated cost of these projects and the minimum daily supply per head including 4.93 gallons per head derived from the existing Pokfoolum, Tai Hang and Wongneichong works estimated, on a rainfall of 50 inches per annum, a population of 92,000 and a drought of 240 days, is given as follows:-

Pokfoolum Project,

Aberdeen Project,.....

Taitam Project,

Cost.

Gallons per head per

£.

201,540

9.00

292,724 0

15.57

302,147

18.50

diem.

31. The subject was referred to Sir ROBERT RAWLINSON, and the adoption of the Taitam project- ➡with certain modifications was decided upon.

32. The following is a brief description of the project as carried out.

250

(8)

TAITAM WATER WORKS PROJECT.

33. The project for bringing water from the Taitam Valley to the City of Victoria as finally decided upon and carried out during the years 1883 to 1889, under the supervision of Mr. JAMES ORANGE, Č.E., included-

(a) The construction of an impounding reservoir by throwing a concrete and masonry dam across the valley about one mile above the village of Taitam Tuk.

(b) The boring and completing of a tunnel conduit 2,428 lineal yards in length through the range of hills separating the reservoir from the Wongneichong Gap.

(c) The construction of a covered masonry and brickwork conduit and road 5,163 lineal yards in length from the Tunnel outlet to the Albany.

(d) The construction of filter beds and service reservoir at the Albany.

34. The Concrete and Masonry Dam-was 562 lineal feet in length and had a maximum height above the bed of the stream of 109 lineal feet forming a reservoir of 312,000,000 gallons capacity having a catchment area of about 680 acres. The top water level was 496.30 feet above Ordnance Datum.

35. Provision was made for the discharge of flood waters by the construction of an overflow weir and bye-wash channel to the west of the main embankment.

36. The Tunnel Conduit-was for the most part constructed through hard rock and only lined for a short distance at the ends.

37. The Conduit-commencing at the Wongneichong Gap with an invert level of 399.00 feet ◄. above Ordnance Datum contours the hill for the greater part of its length, being carried over the deeper ravines by masonry and brickwork arches.

38. The conduit in cross section is rectangular, being 3'. 0" wide and 2'. 6" deep, and is laid at a uniform gradient of 1 in 1,200 and has a discharging capacity of 7,000,000 gallons per diem.

39. The Filter Beds and Service Reservoir.-These are constructed at the City terminus of the conduit on the east bank of the Albany nullah, and consist of 6 filter beds having a combined area of 3,245 square yards and an open service reservoir 30 feet in depth extending over the Albany nullah having a capacity of 5,700,000 gallons. The top water level is 383.50 feet above Ordnance Datum.

40. The filtering material is composed of 2′ 6′′ of fine sand overlying 6" of stone broken to " cubes and 9′′ of rough broken stone, the drainage being provided for by 2 courses of bricks laid dry.

41. The water after being filtered is discharged into the service reservoir from which is carried an 18" cast iron pipe to the junction of the Bowen and Garden roads where it is connected with the distribution works.

42. The cost of these works was as follows:-

Reservoir at Taitam,.

$595,008

Tunnel,

317,700

Conduit,

208,200

Filter Beds and Service Reservoir,

136,566

Total,.

$1,257,474

43. A detailed description of this project will be found in a paper written by Mr. JAMES ORANGE and published in the "Proceedings of the Institute of Civil Engineers," Volume C.

POKFOOLUM FILTER BEDS AND SERVICE RESERVOIR.

44. Pokfoolum Filter Beds and Service Reservoir.-The muddy state of the water delivered into the City from Pokfoolum during the rainy season now called for the attention of Government and a definite project for the filtration of the Pokfoolum water before distribution was submitted in 1889 and approved by Government.

45. The construction of these works which consisted of four filter beds, having a combined area of 1,310 square yards and a covered service reservoir 30 feet in depth of a capacity of 940,734 gallons, was at once put in hand and completed in 1890 at a cost of $37,431.

46. These works are situated on the hillside at the west end of the City immediately below the Pokfoolum conduit at a distance of 300 lineal yards west of the syphon No. 5.

47. The filter beds are constructed on the ridge and furrow system, the filtering material being composed of 2' 0" of fine sand overlying 9′′ of coarse sand, 9" of stone broken to "cubes and 1'. 0" of rough stones. The water after filtration is discharged into the service reservoir. The level of top water is 467.75 feet above Ordnance Datum.

48. A 12-inch main from this reservoir connects with the distribution system.

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DISTRIBUTION WORKS.

49. Distribution Project.-On the completion of the foregoing works it was evident that the system of mains existing in the City would be quite inadequate to distribute the water supply now available, and as there existed many streets in the City unprovided with water pipes it was decided after careful consideration that practically an entirely new system was necessary.

50. Accordingly, when considering the project for the construction of the Pokfoolum filter beds and service reservoir, I was instructed also to prepare a project for setting the distribution works on a satisfactory basis.

51. Particulars of these projects will be found in my report dated February 4th, 1889.

52. The report and plans were referred to Mr. CHADWICK, C.M.G., Consulting Engineer to the Crown Agents, who during a stay in the Colony went into the question and reported on the 28th December, 1889, recommending generally the adoption of the project which consisted of dividing the City into three zones according to the elevation of the ground.

53. The lower zone extends from the sea to approximately the 150-feet contour, the next zone from the 150-feet contour to the 250 one, and the uppermost zone from the 250-feet contour to the Pokfoolum conduit.

54. The three principal mains were 14", 12" and 10" in diameter, and the project included completing the system of mains in every street and providing fire hydrants at an average distance apart of 300 feet.

55. Mr. CHADWICK, however, proposed an important addition to this project, viz., the substitution of hydraulic motors for the ordinary reducing valves to reduce the pressure of the water before entering the mains in the lower zones.

56. Sites were selected in the Garden, Arbuthnot and Bonham Roads for the erection of hydrau- lic motors to utilize the surplus pressure by actuating pumps raising water to reservoirs to be con- structed above the level of the built area of the city which now extended in places up to and even above the level of the Pokfoolum conduit.

57. The works finally decided upon and carried out during the years 1890-1892 consisted of:-

(a) The laying of 203 miles of cast iron mains varying from 14" to 3" in diameter.

(b) The erection of Pumping Stations and Motors at Garden, Arbuthnot and Bonham Roads. (c) The construction of service reservoirs on the Peak Road, the hillside South of Belilios

Terrace, and at West Point above the Pokfoolum Filter Beds.

58. The flow of water in the several districts is commanded by 250 valves. Four hundred and twenty-three fire hydrants and 108 fountains have been provided.

59. In the Garden Road pumping station is installed a duplex direct acting horizontal Worth- ington motor. The power cylinders and pumps, the latter being double acting, are placed tandem.

60. This motor is actuated by the flow of water from the Albany service reservoir down Garden Road and is available for pumping water to the reservoir on the Peak Road and the one south of Belilios Terrace.

61. In the Arbuthnot Road pumping station is installed a direct hydraulic motor from the designs of Messrs. HAWTHORN DAVEY & Co. pumps, the latter being differential ram pumps, are placed tandem.

acting horizontal duplex The power cylinders and

62. This motor is actuated by the flow of water from the Albany service reservoir down Arbuthnot Road and is also available for pumping water to the reservoir on the Peak Road and the one south of Belilios Terrace.

63. In the Bonham Road pumping station is installed a motor, of similar design to the one in Arbuthnot Road, actuated by the flow of water from the Pokfoolum service reservoir down the hillside and along Bonham Road.

64. This motor is available for pumping water to the reservoir on the hillside above the Pokfoolum filter beds and to the one south of Belilios Terrace. It has, however, been designed mainly for the pumping of the water to the Hill District, the water supply of which will be referred to later on.

65. The general arrangement of the motors may be briefly described as follows.

The water at the full pressure available from the reservoir is conducted to the power cylinders and by suitable valve arrangement actuates the pistons, the exhaust water being conducted into the distributing mains at reduced pressure for the supply of the City. The motion thus given to the pistons is communicated to the pumps, the rods of which are connected direct to those of the pistons.

66. A "bye-pass connection" is made between the mains on the upper side and those on the lower side of the motor. This bye-pass, in addition to being furnished with ordinary valves, is provided with an automatic reducing valve which regulates the pressure in the distributing mains with which the exhaust from the motor is connected.

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67. Direct connections from the upper side of the motor are made with the pump cylinders so that the "actual lift" of the pumps is reduced to the difference between the levels of the water in the reservoir into which the water is being pumped and that in the service reservoir supplying the motive

power.

68. The principal dimensions of the Hydraulic Motors are as follows:-

Garden Road,

Arbuthnot Road,

Bonham Road,

Station.

Displacement per revolution.

Diameter of Diameter of

Power Cylinder, Inches.

Pump Ram,

Length of Revolution,

Inches.

Power

Cylinders,

Pumps,

gallons.

18.5

39.0

2.8

14.0

89.0

9.2

14.0

89.0

7.0

69. The following are the principal particulars of the covered reservoirs.

Peak Road,

South of Belilios Terrace,

Above Pokfoolum Filter Beds,.................

Capacity, gallons.

Depth, feet.

Level of Top Water, feet above Ordnance Datum.

12,000

706

112,000

506

105,000

600

70. These works were completed in 1892 at a cost of $164,023.66.

71. Additional Service Reservoir.-Additional service reservoirs at Kennedy Town and Wanchai for equalizing the pressure and flow in the distributing mains as recommended by Mr. CHADWICK in his report of the 28th December, 1889, are now under construction.

The former having a capacity of 340,000 gallons, depth of 16 feet, top water level 210.00 feet above Ordnance Datum.

The latter having a capacity of 190,000 gallons, depth of 16 feet, top water level 251.00 feet above Ordnance Datum.

THE PEAK WATER WORKS PROJECT.

72. The rapidly increasing population of the Hill District which depended entirely on the yield of a few shallow wells for a water supply demanded attention in 1888, and previous to Mr. PRICE'S departure he submitted a proposal to pump water from the Albany service reservoir, but no definite project was put forward prior to Mr. CHADWICK's arrival in 1889.

73. Mr. CHADWICK submitted with his report, dated 30th January, 1890, a definite project for supplying the Hill District with filtered water.

74. This project involved-

(a) The pumping of water up to the Peak from the Pokfoolum service reservoir.

(b) The removal of the cast iron tanks, situated in the Glenealy Valley, previously used

for the water supply of the City but no longer required, to the Hill District.

(e) The laying of a 3-inch rising main from the Pumping Station to the Peak.

(d) The laying of distributing mains throughout the District.

75. Pumping Machinery.-During the greater part of ordinary seasons, it was considered that a sufficient supply of water from Pokfoolum would be obtained to secure the necessary hydraulic power for pumping the required quantity of water to the Peak. Consequently, the motor erected in the Bonham Road pumping station, referred to in paragraph 63, was designed with a view to its being used for this purpose.

76. In order to provide for the continuous supply of water to the Hill District during such periods as the Pokfoolum works fail to supply the necessary hydraulic power, a triple expansion con- densing engine of the Worthington duplex type actuating double ram pumps and supplied with steam from a vertical boiler of Beely's Field tube type, working pressure 90 lbs. per square inch, wast installed in the Bonham Road Station.

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77. The principal dimensions of the engines and pumps are as follows:-

Diameter of Cylinder, Inches.

H. P.

Diameter of Pump Rams, Inches.

Length of Revolution,

L. P.

Inches.

253

Displacement of Pumps per revolution, gallons.

0.773

78. The maximum height to which water is pumped is 1,780 feet above Ordnance Datum. 79. Water Tanks.-Six cast iron tanks have been erected in the District, viz., at the Peak and Mount Gough of 5,000 gallons capacity each, and at the Peak, Mount Kellet, Plantation Road and Magazine Gap of 10,000 gallons capacity each.

80. Mains.-Five and one-third miles of water mains have been laid in the Hill District; these are of wrought iron varying from 3" to 15" diameter.

81. The rising main from the Pumping Station to the Peak is of hydraulic piping fixed together with screwed socket joints, and is 4,390 feet in length.

82. These works were completed in 1891 at a cost of $32,585.00.

STREAMS INTERCEPTED BY CONDUITS.

83. Extension of Works.-The inadequacy of the water supply from the Taitam and Pokfoolum valleys alone to meet the requirements of the City became only too evident during the exceptionally dry winter of 1890 and 1891, and steps were at once taken to divert the waters of the several small hill streams crossed by the Pokfoolum and Taitam conduits, and to connnect the Albany filter beds with the Pokfoolum conduit by a 10-inch cast iron syphon.

84. The interception of these streams materially reduces the amount of water drawn from the Pokfoolum and Taitam reservoirs during the rainy season, and to not an inconsiderable extent increases the daily quantity of water available for distribution during the dry season.

PROJECT FOR INCREASING THE CAPACITY OF TAITAM RESERVOIR.

85. The failure of the water works to afford a constant supply of water throughout the year, necessitating the introduction of the intermittent system with all its attendant dangers, waste and inconvenience led the Government in 1894 to ask the advice of Mr. CHADWICK as to the best means of increasing the quantity of water available for distribution, and in a report dated the 7th August, 1894, he urged upon the Government the desirability of at once proceeding with the raising of the Taitam dam which had originally been purposely designed to admit of this. Indeed, Mr. PRICE had pointed out the desirability of this extension in a report dated the 25th October, 1886.

86. On my return from leave in October 1894, a definite project was prepared and received the approval of Mr. CHADWICK, involving raising the main embankment 12 feet 6 inches, and the overflow 10 feet, admitting of an additional storage capacity of 78,000,000 gallons making a total of 390,000,000 gallons. This project further included the erection of movable sluices on the overflow sill admitting of the storage of a further quantity of 20,000,000 gallons in favourable seasons.

87. The addition to the main embankment has been completed and the overflow raised 5 feet, so that the present storage capacity of the reservoir is 350,000,000 gallons.

It is intended to raise the overflow a further 5 feet this year.

88. Extension of Catchment Area discharging into the Taitam reservoir.-The failure of the run off from the Catchment Area of the Taitam reservoir during the year 1895 to fill (after deducting the water drawn from the reservoir during the rainy season) the reservoir was only to be expected with the unprecedented small rainfall of 45.84 inches as pointed out in my report dated the 4th of February, 1889.

89. This experience has necessitated, in order that full advantage may be taken of the storage capacity of the reservoir, the adoption of measures to increase the catchment area discharging into the reservoir. An open concrete conduit or catchwater, 2,713 lineal yards in length and having a discharging capacity of about 1,500,000 gallons per hour, is being constructed contouring the southern and eastern slopes of the hills to the east of the Taitam reservoir. By this means, an area of 220 acres will be added to the catchment area making a total area of 900 acres discharging into the reservoir.

SUPPLY OBTAINABLE FROM EXISTING WORKS AND THOSE IN PROGRESS.

90. Having thus briefly described the works constructed and in progress, I propose now to consider the supply of water that these works may reasonably be expected to furnish.

91. As has been previously stated, the storage capacity of the two impounding reservoirs at Pokfoolum and Taitam (including the extension) is 68,000,000 gallons and 390,000,000 gallons respectively, so that, at the commencement of the dry season, provided these reservoirs are full, there is a supply of 458,000,000 gallons available for distribution during the dry season.

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92. This quantity is further supplemented by the yield of the catchment areas of these reservoirs and the yield of the springs intercepted by the Pokfoolum and Taitam conduits.

93. On reference to the rainfall statistics during the last 40 years as contained in the reports of the Director of the Government Observatory, it will be seen that the dry season not unusually commences as early as the month of September and extends to the end of the following April, or for a period of 242 days.

Dry seasons extending over periods exceeding the above have, however occured, for instance, those of 1859 and 1860, 1885 and 1886, 1886 and 1887, but these are most exceptional.

94. Dry Season of 1890-1891.-Shortly after the completion of the Taitam Water Works, the exceptional dry season of 1890-1891 occurred, and on reference to my annual report for 1891 and the departmental records, I find that, from the 28th of August, 1890, when the water fell below overflow level in the Pokfoolum reservoir, to the 2nd of May, 1891, a period of 248 days, (after which heavy rains commenced) 99,815,800 gallons were drawn from the Pokfoolum reservoir catchment area, and 352,934,400 gallons were drawn from the Taitam reservoir catchment area.

95. The difference between the quantity stored in these reservoirs at the cominencement and end of the above period was 62,500,000 gallons, and 305,000,000 gallons respectively.

96. We therefore get the quantity yielded, exclusive of that lost by evaporation from the surface of the reservoirs during this period, by the Pokfoolum catchment area 37,315,800 gallons and by the Taitam catchment area 47,934,400 gallons.

97. The rainfall amounted to 9.74 inches, so that the yield from these catchment areas during this period was 40 per cent. and 32 per cent. respectively of the actual amount of rain falling on them.

98. Tabulating the above figures, we get:

Pokfoolum,

Taitam,.....

Valley.

Drawn from catchment area.

Loss in reservoirs.

Yield of catchment area.

Available per centage of rainfall.

gallons.

99,815,800.

62,500,000

37,315,800

352,934,400

305,000,000

47,934,400

99. Drought of 1895.-The year 1895 was the driest on record, the total rainfall being 45.84 inches, and, as during that year the water in the Taitam reservoir never reached overflow level, an opportunity is afforded of ascertaining the yield of its catchment area with a degree of accuracy not hitherto obtained.

100. Tabulating the results obtained during that year, we get:-

Pokfoolum,

Taitam,

Valley.

Drawn from catchment area.

Loss in reservoir.

Yield of catchment area.

Percentage of rainfall.

gallons.

218,916,000

12,199,000

206,717,000

479,440,000

72,083,000

407,357,000

The water intercepted by the conduits amounted to 165,274,000 gallons. 101. Considering the period from May to August, 1895, inclusive, during which the rainfall amounted to 35.60 inches, and tabulating the results, we get:-

Pokfoolum,

Taitam,

Valley.

Drawn from catchment area.

Gain in reservoir.

Yield of catchment area.

Percentage of rainfall.

gallons. 85,023,000

147,910,000

gallons. 48,781,000

gallons. 133,804,000

168,466,000

316,376,000

The water intercepted by the conduits during this period amounted to 74,260,000 gallons. 102. It must, however, be noted that, during the month of August, a considerable quantity of water, not included in the above, flowed over the overflow of the Pokfoolum reservoir.

It will therefore not be unreasonable to consider that the percentage of rainfall collected in the Taitam Valley might also have been collected in the Pokfoolum Valley, had there been storage capacity available.

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255

103. Dry Season of 1895-1896.-Considering the period from 1st September, 1895, to 30th April, 1896, inclusive, during which the rainfall amounted to 18.23 inches, and tabulating the results we get:

Pokfoolum,

Taitam,

Valley.

Drawn from catchment area.

Loss in reservoir.

Yield of catchment area.

Percentage of rainfall.

gallons.

135,073,000

35,482,000

99,591,000

275,804,000

124,000,000

151,804,000

From October to April inclusive the yield of an additional 80 acres of catchment area intercepted by the catchwater to the east of Taitam was discharged into the reservoir. This amounted to 11,000,000 gallons.

The water intercepted by the conduits during this period amounted to 84,502,000 gallons. 104. Considering the foregoing facts and after careful study of the rainfall statistics contained in the reports of the Director of the Government Observatory from which Appendices A, B and C have been compiled, I am of opinion that, in designing a project for the improved water supply of the City of Victoria, the following data may reasonably be taken as a basis for calculating the yield of the catchment areas and streams to be dealt with.

Rainfall from May to August inclusive 44 inches, of which 50 per cent. is available for distribution from the Pokfoolum and Taitam valleys.

Rainfall from September to April inclusive 20 inches, of which 33 per cent. is available for distribu- tion from the Pokfoolum and Taitám valleys. It will be observed that, with the exception of the dry seasons of 1890-91 and 1895-6 this is considerably less than the total rainfall given in Appendix A. The reason for this is that heavy rains frequently occur during September and October when the reservoirs are probably full, and a large proportion of the flow must run to waste, and further not unfrequently a considerable rainfall occurs in April, by which time if calculations were based on the total rainfall for the period only, the supply of water would probably run short before such rainfall was experienced.

105. The percentage of rainfall available from those valleys intercepted by open catch waters at a considerable elevation will probably be somewhat less than that adopted for the Pokfoolum and Taitam catchment areas.

In respect of these areas, I have adopted the following.

Rainfall from May to August inclusive 44 inches, of which 33 per cent, is available for distribution. Rainfall from September to April inclusive 20 inches, of which 30 per cent. is available for distribution.

106. On the above basis we get the following results in respect of the present works :-

Pokfoolum,

Taitam,

Valley.

Intercepted by Catchwater,..

Streams intercepted by conduits,

Catchment

area.

Yield May to August.

Yield Sep- tember to April.

Total.

acres.

gallons.

416

680

gallons.

207,000,000 62,000,000

339,000,000 102,000,000 441,000,000

gallons.

269,000,000

220

72,000,000 30,000,000 102,000,000

74,000,000 96,000,000 170,000,000

692,000,000 290,000,000 982,000,000

These give an average daily supply of, say, 2,700,000 gallons.

107. From the foregoing statement it will be seen that, during the period from September to April, viz., 242 days, the available" run off" from the several catchment areas is 290,000,000 gallons, whereas the supply obtainable based on the annual rainfall is 2,700,000 × 242, viz., 653,400,000 gallons.

108. In order therefore to equalise the daily amount of water available for distribution, reservoirs of a minimum storage capacity of 653,400,000 —290,000,000—363,400,000 gallons are required.

The storage capacity of the Pokfoolum reservoir is 68,000,000 gallons, and that of Taitam 350,000,000 gallons.

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It is therefore evident that the existing works in the Pokfoolum and Taitam valleys are sufficient to secure an average daily supply of 2,700,000 gallons.

109. Conduits.-The Pokfoolum conduit, as previously stated, is capable of conveying to the Pokfoolum filter beds 2,000,000 gallons per diem, and the Taitam conduit is capable of discharging at the Albany filter beds, 7,000,000 gallons per diem,-quantities greatly in excess of the average daily supply obtainable from the respective catchment areas and other areas in their immediate vicinity."

FILTRATION OF WATER.

110. Filtration of Water.-Having dealt with the yield of the Catchment Areas, and the capacity of the Reservoirs and Conduits, it is necessary now to consider the subject of the filtration of water previous to its being delivered into the distribution system.

On reference to the report of Mr. E. W. LUCAS, Acting Government Analyst, accompanying my annual report for the year 1891, it will be found that, during heavy rains, the water derived from the catchment areas is very turbid, and contains as much as 10 grains per gallon of finely divided suspended matter.

111. Works have been completed both at Pokfoolum and Taitam to avoid the immediate filtration of water in this condition by the construction of bye-passes intercepting the streams at the heads of the reservoirs which run comparatively clear long before the matter in suspension in the water in the reservoir has settled. These works therefore admit of the clear water being intercepted direct from the streams and dispense with the necessity of drawing very turbid water from the reservoirs; thus to a large extent relieving the filter beds.

112. The filtration of water in connection with public supplies has received a good deal of attention of late, and the supposition that the action of sand filters properly constructed and used is confined or almost confined to the holding back of comparatively the grosser substances suspended in the water appears in the light of recent investigation to be erroneous, and that this mechanical action is of far less importance in the purification of water than the vital action which depends on the activities of the gelatinous layer of living matter gradually deposited on the surface of the filtering medium.

4 "Thus the longer a filter has been in use the more efficient it becomes, provided, of course, that the surface layer has not acquired such density as to interfere with the passage of the water; and, consequently, the recommendation which was commonly given in former times that a filter bed should be cleansed as often as possible, appears to have been a mistake; cleansing, by which the efficient superficial mem- brane is removed, should only be carried out when the filter has become unduly blocked." (Report of Royal Commission on Metropolitan Water Supply 1893.)

It is therefore a matter of importance that, after the cleansing of a filter, time should be given for the formation of the gelatinous layer, and this can be done by allowing the water to stand on the filter bed for some time before filtration is actually commenced. The rate of filtration should be uniform and not too rapid, care being taken not to disturb the gelatinous membrane.

As a general rule, it may be taken that the sand composing a filter should never be less than 1'.3" in thickness, and the rate of filtration should not exceed 500 gallons per square yard of filter area per 24 hours.

113. The Pokfoolum filter beds are four in number having a combined area of 1,310 square yards, and the Albany filter beds are six in number having a combined area of 3,245 square yards, giving a total area of 4,555 square yards; from this, however, must be deducted about 10 per cent, to admit of their being periodically cleansed without interruption of the water supply, giving a net available area of, say, 4,000 square yards. Taking 600 gallons per square yard per 24 hours as the maximum rate of filtration admissible, we get 2,400,000 gallons per diem as the quantity of water these filters are capable of filtering.

The existing filters are therefore insufficient for the effectual filtration of the whole of the water obtainable from the existing works in the Pokfoolum and Taitam valleys.

DISTRIBUTION OF WATER WITHIN THE CITY AND HILL DISTRICTS.

114. On the completion of the works now in progress, viz., the construction of service reservoirs at Kennedy Town and Wanchai, the laying of new mains along Wyndham Street, Aberdeen Street, Staunton Street, Wing Wah Lane and a portion of Queen's Road West, the project referred to in paragraph No. 52 will have been completed.

115. It is, however, necessary to lay new mains in Caine, Robinson and Bonham Roads, the existing mains which were laid many years ago being inadequate to meet the requirements of the districts.

116. Further, the condition of No. 2 Tank constructed in 1860 is very unsatisfactory, only a few feet of water can be put into it without involving a serious loss by leakage.

This tank is very conveniently situated immediately above the central portion of the Chinese quarter of the City and is at sufficiently low a level to admit of being supplied by the exhaust from the Garden and Arbuthnot Road motors.

117. The cost of laying the above mains and making good No. 2 Tank is estimated at $39,000, and on the completion of these works the distribution works will be found ample to meet all reason- able requirements within the present built area of the City for some years to come.

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257

118. In respect of the supply to the Hill District, this district is practically entirely dependent on the quantity of water pumped up at the Bonham Road Pumping Station day by day. Under these circumstances, should anything happen to the pumping machinery or rising main, the Peak and Hill District would be deprived of water pending the completion of repairs or renewals.

119. It cannot be considered satisfactory that a population of from 1,500 to 2,000 should thus be liable of being entirely deprived of water, and I consider, to meet the present requirements of the Peak and Hill District, provision should be made to provide for the continuance of the water supply in the event of such contingencies as above referred to.

120. The present consumption in the Peak and Hill District is 40,000 gallons per diem, and I consider that the construction of a covered service reservoir to hold, say, 10 days supply or 400,000 gallons at a sufficient elevation to command the entire district is required.

PRESENT REQUIREMENTS.

121. Present Requirements.-Having seen that the maximum daily supply that can be relied upon during the dry season from the Pokfoolum and Taitam catchment areas and reservoirs and streams intercepted by the conduits is 2,700,000 gallons, assuming that the supply is constant during the whole of that period, I now propose to consider the present requirements of the City (including the floating population) and Hill Districts.

122. The following tabular statement shews the quantity of water distributed, omitting the Tai Hang and Wongneichong streams, the estimated population supplied, and the average rate of consump- tion for all purposes per head per diem during the years 1892, 1893, 1894, 1895, viz., since the new distribution works were completed, and a supply of potable water for the first time in the history of the Colony distributed to every part of the built area of the City and Hill District.

1892,

1893,

1894,

1895,

Year.

Quantity, gallons.

Population estimated.

Consumption per head per diem, gallons.

1,109,000,000

180,000

16.8

1,098,000,000

185,000

16.3

1,042,000,000

190,000

15.0

864,000,000

195,000

12.2

It must, however, be noted that, during the years 1893, 1894, and 1895, owing to the scarcity of water the intermittent supply was introduced.

123. The following tabular statement shews the number of days in the months during the whole of which the constant supply was maintained, the quantity of water distributed (omitting the Tai Hang and Wongneichong streams), the estimated population supplied, and the average rate per head per diem during the period of constant supply.

1892,

1893,

1894,

1895,

Year.

Months of constant supply, number of days in

Quantity, gallons.

Population estimated.

per diem, gallons.

Consumption

head per

366

1,109,000,000

180,000

16.8

304

993,000,000

185,000

17.6

273

848,000,000

190,000

16.3

151

428,000,000

195,000

14.6

124. The maximum consumption for all purposes occurs in the month of August and during the months of September to April, it is, as a rule, somewhat less, but for the purposes of this report it will be sufficient to consider the average daily quantity required throughout the year based on the results obtained during the periods in which the constant supply was maintained.

It will be seen from the above tabular statement that this varied during the years 1892 to 1895 from 17.6 gallons per head per diem to 14.6 gallons per head per diem.

This quantity cannot be considered excessive especially when the extensive use of water for bathing by the European community is considered.

Indeed, judging from the results obtained in other cities and towns, it is not unlikely that, with the introduction of improved sanitation, this quantity will be exceeded, though it is hoped concur- rently with improved sanitation every possible check will be kept upon the waste and misuse of water.

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ADDITIONAL WORKS NECESSARY TO MEET PRESENT REQUIREMENTS.

125. Taking the present requirements for all purposes at 15 gallons per head per diem and the population supplied at 200,000 persons, the average daily quantity required for distribution is 3,000,000 gallons.

126. The existing works at Pokfoolum and Taitam can be relied upon to supply an average of 2,700,000 gallons per diem, of which, 2,400,000 gallons can be efficiently filtered with the existing

filter beds.

127. It will therefore be seen that-

(a) Further works are necessary to render an additional average daily supply of 300,000

gallons of water available.

(b) Further provision for the filtration of 600,000 gallons of water per diem is required. (c) The construction in the Hill District of a service reservoir of 400,000 gallons capacity

is required.

128. On the completion of the works now in hand at Taitam, the capacity of the reservoir will be increased to 390,000,000 gallons, making the total storage available at Pokfoolum and Taitam 458,000,000 gallons, but, as shewn in paragraph No. 106, the catchment areas can only be relied upon during the months of May to August to yield 692,000,000 gallons.

Now, if during that period an average daily quantity of 3,000,000 gallons be abstracted or a total of 369,000,000 gallons, there is only a balance of 323,000,000 gallons for storage which, added to the yield of the catchment areas during the months of September to April inclusive, viz., 290,000,000 gallons, gives the total available for distribution during the months of September to April inclusive as 613,000,000 gallons or an average daily quantity of only 2,500,000 gallons.

It is therefore necessary to increase the catchment area or to construct additional storage reservoirs for impounding water during the years of heavy rainfall for distribution during those of comparatively

small rainfall.

129. A catchwater contouring the hillside on the west of the Taitam Valley 3,100 lineal yards in length and discharging into the present reservoir will intercept a catchment area of 186 acres.

On the basis previously adopted, this would increase the available supply during the months of May to August inclusive by 61,000,000 gallons, and during the months of September to April inclusive by 25,000,000 gallons.

130. A catchwater contouring the hillside on the east side of the Little Hongkong Valley and discharging into the valley near the Wongneichong Gap would, with suitable reservoir accommoda-- tion at this point, increase the available daily supply during the year by 300,000 gallons.

131. A suitable site exists for the construction of a reservoir in the valley near the Wong- neichong Gap by the construction of a dam across the valley having a maximum height of about 50 feet and a length of about 270 feet; the capacity of this reservoir would be 27,000,000 gallons.

132. Some minor alterations and extensions to the Pokfoolum conduit will be required with a view to increasing its discharging capacity and thus enabling full advantage being taken during the months of May to August inclusive of the yield of the Pokfoolum reservoir catchment area and the streams intercepted by the conduit.

With these additional works calculating on the same basis as previously adopted, paragraphs Nos. 104 and 105, an additional supply of 193,000,000 gallons per annum will be obtained.

133. The following statement shews the total supply obtainable on the completion of the foregoing works.

Catchment

Valley.

area.

Yield, May to August.

Yield, Sep- tember to April.

Total.

acres.

Pokfoolum,

Taitam,

416

gallons.

207,000,000 62,000,000

gallons.

269,000,000

680

339,000,000

102,000,000

441,000,000

Taitam Catchwater East,

220

72,000,000

30,000,000 102,000,000

Taitam Catchwater West,

186

61,000,000

25,000,000 86,000,000

Streams Intercepted by Conduit,

Wongneichong Gap,

100

Catchwater,

༄ཛྱ :

74,000,000

96,000,000

170,000,000

50,000,000

15,000,000

65,000,000

30,000,000

12,000,000 42,000,000

833,000,000

342,000,000 1,175,000,000

(17)

259

Average supply per diem

1,175,000,000

365

3,200,000 gallons, say, storage required=3,200,000 × 242 less the yield of the catchment areas during the months of September to April inclusive (774,000,000 -342,000,000) viz., 432,000,000 gallons. The storage capacity of the reservoirs at Pokfoolum and Taitam on the completion of the works now in hand will amount to 458,000,000 gallons and will therefore be sufficient to secure a constant water supply at the rate of 3,200,000 gallons per diem.

PARTICULARS OF PROPOSED WORKS TO MEET PRESENT REQUIREMENTS.

134. Proposed Catchwater Taitam Valley.-The catchwater contouring the hillside on the west of the Taitam Valley to be constructed of lime concrete rendered in cement laid at a uniform gradient of 1 in 100 and to have a maximum discharging capacity of 2,000,000 gallons per hour.

It will be necessary to convey the water intercepted by this catchwater across the ravine imme- diately south of the present Taitam reservoir by cast iron pipes 14 inches in diameter.

This work is shown on drawing No. 7 and the estimated cost is $40,000.

135. Proposed Catchwater Reservoir near Wongneichong Gap.-The catchwater contouring the hillside on the south of Wongneichong Gap shown on drawing No. 7 to be of similar construction to one above described and to have a maximum discharging capacity of 1,000,000 gallons per hour. This catchwater will discharge into a reservoir to be constructed near Wongneichong Gap as shown on drawing No. 13.

From this reservoir the water will be conveyed by a cast iron main 5 inches in diameter to the Taitam conduit.

The estimated cost of these works is $83,000.

136. Proposed Filter Beds.-Additional provision for the filtration of 1,000,000 gallons of water per diem is proposed to be provided by the construction of filter beds on the hillside below the Bowen Road as shown on drawing No. 1.

These filter beds are three in number and have a combined area of 1,700 square yards, in con- nection with them a covered service reservoir should be constructed having a capacity of 600,000 gallons.

A cast iron main will connect this reservoir with the existing distribution system and service reservoir at Wanchai now in course of construction.

The estimated cost of these works is $68,000.

Should a supply of water be required above the Bowen Road, I would remark that the project for the construction of filter beds immediately below Bowen Road furnishes facilities for actuating a small hydraulic motor.

137. Proposed Reservoir at the Peak.-A suitable site for the constructions of a covered service reservoir of a capacity of 400,000 gallons exists immediately east of "The Eyrie."

This reservoir would be 16 feet in depth with a top water level of 1,751 feet above Ordnance Datum.

Estimated cost $20,000.

138. Estimated cost of works immediately required.-The following tabular statement gives the estimated cost of works immediately required.

Description of Work.

Improvements Pokfoolum Conduit,

New Mains in the City and Repairs to No. 2 Tank,

Catchwater West of Taitam Valley,......

Reservoir and Catchwater Wongneichong Gap,...............

Filter Beds and Service Reservoir,

Service Reservoir Peak,

Total,...........

Amount.

10,000

39,000

40,000

83,000

68,000

20,000

260,000

139. As it is of the utmost importance both on sanitary and general grounds that no time should be lost in providing the City and Hill District with an adequate and constant water supply, I would urge the necessity of at once taking steps to carry out the foregoing works.

260

( 18 )

In the consideration of this matter it must not be lost sight of that the Taitam project of 1873 was for the supply of water to 92,000 persons, at the rate of 13.57 gallons per head giving a total daily supply of 1,248,000 gallons, a result which was more than realised during the unprecedented dry year of 1895. Unfortunately, the works were not completed till 1889 by which time the popula- tion had increased to upwards of 170,000.

FUTURE REQUIREMENTS.

140. It is estimated that the population of the City and Hill Districts is increasing at the rate of 5,000 per annum.

If this rate be maintained, the rate of consumption of water being taken at 15 gallons per head per diem (see paragraph No. 125), the annual increase of water required for distribution will be 27,375,000 gallons or at the rate of 75,000 gallons per diem.

141. The existing works with the proposed extensions are estimated to yield a minimum of 3,200,000 gallons per diem or sufficient for a population of 213,000, so that by the end of 1899 it is probable that the requirements of the City and Hill Districts will have outgrown the supply obtain- able from these works during years of comparatively small rainfall.

142. As the construction of works of the nature required to meet this increased demand for water will occupy some time, I have considered projects for still further increasing the present water sup- ply, and now propose to briefly describe what appears to be the best practical solution of this question. 143. It must be remembered that the sites available for reservoirs are very few and owing to the steepness and narrowness of the valleys, do not admit of the construction of extensive impounding reservoirs.

144. With a view to ascertaining the most suitable sites for the construction of reservoirs, detail surveys have been made in the Pokfoolum and Taitam valleys, and the following projects are submitted.

PARTICULARS OF PROPOSED WORKS TO MEET FUTURE REQUIREMENTS.

POKFOOLUM VALLEY.

145. Proposed Reservoir.-In the Pokfoolum Valley a suitable site exists below the present reservoir as shown on Drawing No. 2 for the construction of a reservoir having a capacity of 78,000,000 gallons and catchment area including that of the present reservoir of 500 acres.

This reservoir would be formed by the erection of a concrete and masonry dam across the ravine

a little above the existing bridge on the Aberdeen Road as shown on Drawing No. 3.

The top water level would be 480 feet above Ordnance Datum, and the maximum depth of water below overflow level 40 feet.

The Valve Tower and outlet works are situated in the north-west corner, the level of the lowest draw-off being 450 feet above Ordnance Datum. A wash-out pipe only is provided through the dam.

The waste weir is located on solid ground at the south-eastern extremity of the dam and has a total length of 110 feet which is ample with an overflow of 4 feet 6 inches to discharge the water flowing from the catchment area during such extraordinary rainfalls as the one occurring in 1889.

The Overflow Weir and Bye-wash Channel to be constructed of masonry and cement concrete throughout.

The construction of this reservoir will necessitate the raising of the Aberdeen Road skirting its western bank and the diversion of the southern portion as shown on Drawings Nos. 2, 3 and 4. The material for raising the road and portions of Farm Lots 18 and 19 to be obtained from the area of the reservoir, the banks of which are to be formed as shown on Drawing No. 4, the western bank being composed of filled in material it is proposed to pitch with stone.

The construction of this reservoir will further to some extent encroach on Rural Building Lot No. 51 and Farm Lots Nos. 18 and 19 and involve the destruction of the small village of Pokfoolum. 146. Proposed Main.-The elevation of the site does not admit of the discharge of the water from the proposed reservoir into the existing Pokfoolum conduit. It is therefore proposed to provide for the water being conveyed in a cast iron main 12 inches in diameter contouring the hillside on the west of the Pokfoolum Road till it reaches the northern boundary of the Chinese Christian Cemetery. From this point the main to be reduced to 10 inches in diameter and follow the line of the Pokfoolum Road as far as Shektongtsui Nullah where it enters Crown land and terminates in the proposed filter beds situated near the Bonham Road pumping station.

This main will be capable of discharging 1,500,000 gallons per 24 hours.

It is also proposed to connect the existing outlet pipe from the Pokfoolum reservoir to this main and extend the latter to join the conduit near the present filter beds. In case of necessity this main will be available for the purpose of conveying water from the existing reservoir to the present filter beds at the rate of from 600,000 to 1,000,000 gallons per 24 hours according to the level of the water in the reservoir.

( 19 )

261

147. Proposed Filter Beds.-The proposed filter beds in connection with this project are shewn on Drawing No. 2; they are three in number having a combined area of 1,666 square yards and are arranged to discharge into a small service reservoir of a capacity of 250,000 gallons which with the one now being constructed at Kennedytown will prevent the irregular action that would result from the variation in draw-off from the mains without such provision.

The top water level of the service reservoir is 251.5 feet above Ordnance Datum admitting of a direct communication being made with the distribution mains below the exhaust from the hydraulic motors without interfering with their action.

148. Estimate.-The estimated cost of this project is as follows:-

Construction of reservoir including compensation and purchase of land $160,000 Cast iron main,

Filter beds and reservoir,

55,000

35,000

Total,......... $250,000

149. The cost of the erection of pumping machinery with the necessary buildings for pumping the water from the reservoir into the existing conduit has, together with the annual charges connected with such a project, been considered, and I am of opinion that the laying of the cast iron main is preferable.

150. Increasing the Capacity of the Existing Reservoir. The practicability of increasing the capa- city of the present reservoir has also been considered, and I am of opinion that after the construction of the reservoir on the lower site this work might be undertaken by raising and strengthening the embankment.

The present outlet arrangements are unsatisfactory, the whole of the water being drawn off from near the bottom of the reservoir.

151. The project, as shewn on Drawings Nos. 5 and 6, includes raising the embankment 11 feet and the overflow weir 10 feet thus increasing the storage capacity from 68,000,000gallons to 91,000,000 gallons and the improvement of the outlet works so as to admit of the water being drawn off at different levels. As this involves the fixing of a stopping plate in the existing culvert, the present plate situated in the valve tower being of insufficient strength to bear the increased pressure of water safely, the carrying out of this work will necessitate emptying the reservoir, which cannot be done without seriously interfering with the water supply to the City of Victoria and Hill Districts until after the lower reservoir and the project previously described has been completed.

The estimated cost of this work is $35,000.

152. The completion of the two foregoing projects providing for the storage of 169,000,000 gallons in two reservoirs having a combined catchment area of 500 acres, will practically exhaust the means available within the Pokfoolum Valley for increasing the water supply.

153. Supply to be derived from Works in Pokfoolum Valley.-These works will secure on the basis already adopted, (see paragraphs Nos. 104 and 105), a daily supply of 880,000 gallons, as com- pared with a daily supply of 540,000 gallons from the existing works, throughout the year.

154. The construction of a catchwater 6,000 feet in length contouring the hill on the western side of the Pokfulam Valley at a level of 550 feet would intercept an additional catchment area of some 170 acres and would admit of a daily supply of 1,000,000 gallons being obtained throughout the year.

The estimated cost of this catchwater is $18,000.

TAITAM VALLEY.

155. Proposed Reservoirs.-In the Taitam Valley detail surveys have been made of five sites shewn on Drawing No. 7, all of which are more or less suitable for the construction of reservoirs.

Two of these sites Nos. 1 and 2 are situated above the existing reservoir and within its catchment area, the other three are situated lower down the valley. One of which, No. 3, is at a sufficient eleva- tion to admit of water collected in a reservoir on it being discharged into the existing Taitam Tunnel. 156. Proposed Reservoir Site No. 1.-The proposed reservoir on site No. 1 would be formed by the construction of a masonry and concrete dam as shewn on Drawing No. 8.

This reservoir would have a capacity of 70,000,000 gallons with a top level of 780 feet above Ordnance Datum, a catchment area of 220 acres and a maximum depth of 50 feet.

The waste weir is situated at the north end of the dam and has a length of 80 feet. It is antici- pated that the depth of water over this weir will not exceed 3 feet.

The bye-wash channel will be constructed on solid ground and discharge into the valley below the dam.

The outlet commencing in a suitable valve well will be carried through the main dam and dis- charge into the stream below it.

The construction of this reservoir will involve a diversion of the road as shewn on the drawing. Estimated cost $140,000.

157. Proposed Reservoir Site No. 2.-The proposed reservoir on site No. 2 would be formed by the construction of a masonry and concrete dam as shewn on Drawing No. 9.

262

( 20 )

This reservoir would have a capacity of 40,000,000 gallons with a top water level of 830 feet above Ordnance Datum, a catchment area of 60 acres which forms a portion of that of reservoir No. 1, and a maximum depth of 50 feet.

The waste weir is situated in the centre of the dam, that portion being constructed of masonry and cement concrete throughout, and has a length of 20 feet. It is anticipated that the depth of water over this weir will not exceed 3 feet.

The outlet arrangements will be similar to those described for reservoir on site No. 1. Estimated cost $56,000.

158. The run-off from the catchment area of this reservoir on the basis previously adopted during the months of May to August inclusive will not exceed 30,000,000 gallons, but the total run- off from the catchment area of the reservoir on site No. 1 will be 109,800,000 gallons. And the 39,000,000 over and above that required to fill the reservoir on site No. 1 can be diverted by a short length of catchwater constructed along the eastern slope of its catchment area.

No difficulty is therefore anticipated in practically filling these two reservoirs during the months of May to August inclusive from the catchment area available.

159. Proposed Reservoir on Site No. 3.-The proposed reservoir on site No. 3 situated immediately below the present waste weir of the Taitam reservoir would be formed by the construction of two masonry and concrete dams as shewn on Drawing No. 10.

This reservoir, which would practically form an extension of the existing Taitam reservoir, would have a capacity of 20,000,000 gallons with a top water level of 498 feet above Ordnance Datum, and a maximum depth of 27 feet.

The waste water would discharge over the top of the principal dam which has a length of 150 feet. It is anticipated that the depth of water over the weir will not exceed 4 feet.

The outlet commencing in a suitable valve well will be carried through the easterly dam and discharge into the existing Gauge basin at the entrance to the Taitam Tunnel.

The construction of this reservoir will involve a diversion of the road to Taitam Tuk, the building of a new residence for the caretaker and a new Police Station.

Estimated cost $60,000.

160. The completion of these works will practically exhaust the means available within the Taitam Valley for increasing the water supply unless recourse is had to pumping water from the lower levels.

TOTAL SUPPLY OBTAINABLE BY GRAVITATION FROM POKFOOLUM AND TAITAM.

161. The present storage capacity in the Pokfoolum Valley is 68,000,000 gallons, and on the completion of the proposed reservoirs in the Taitam Valley the storage capacity in that valley will be 520,000,000 gallons making a total of 588,000,000 gallons.

162. The storage capacity required to secure 3,200,000 gallons per diem as shewn in paragraph No. 133 is 432,000,000 gallons; there would therefore be a surplus of 156,000,000 gallons which would be available for storing water in wet years for use during dry years.

163. After considering the rainfall tables contained in the appendices, I am of opinion that this additional storage may be relied upon to increase the daily supply available by at least 300,000 gallons bringing the total supply up to 3,500,000 gallons per diem, or equal to a supply of 15 gallons per head, per diem to a population of 233,000 persons or the estimated population in 1,903.

164. Supplementing these works by the additions proposed in the Pokfoolum Valley, the supply from the several sources would be as follows:-

Catchment

Valley.

area.

Yield, May to August.

Yield, Sep- tember to April.

Total.

acres.

gallons.

Pokfoolum,

500

249,000,000

74,000,000

323,000,000

Pokfoolum Catchwater,

170

56,000,000

23,000,000

79,000,000

Taitam,

680

339,000,000

102,000,000

441,000,000

Taitam Catchwater, East,

220

72,000,000

30,000,000

102,000,000

West,

186

61,000,000

25,000,000

86,000,000

Streams Intercepted by Conduit,

74,000,000

96,000,000

170,000,000

Wongneichong Gap,

100

50,000,000

15,000,000

65,000,000

Catchwater,

30,000,000

12,000,000

42,000,000

931,000,000

377,000,000 1,308,000,000

1,308,000,000 365

3,583,000 gallons storage required

Average supply per diem

3,583,000 × 242 less the yield of the catchment areas during the months of September to April inclusive (867,086,000 377,000,000) viz., 490,086,000 gallons. The storage capacity of the reservoirs will amount to 689,000,000 gallons leaving a balance of 199,000,000 gallons say, which may be relied upon to increase the daily supply to 4,000,000 gallons.

(21)

263

This would be sufficient for a population of 266,000 persons, or the estimated population in 1910.

165. Though I have assumed that the rate of increase in the population of the City will be maintained for the next 10 years at the rate of 5,000 persons per annum, I am of opinion that, considering the limited area of the City and its present overcrowded condition, such a rate of increase should not be permitted and is not likely to occur.

166. In view of the recent improvements in Kowloon, it appears probable that the increase in the population of the Colony will to a large extent be confined to that district, the water supply of which is entirely separate from that of the City of Victoria.

167. Should such, however, not be the case, a material increase in the water supply derived from the Taitam Valley may be obtained by the construction of the reservoirs on sites Nos. 4 and 5 shewn on Drawings Nos. 7, 11 and 12 and the water pumped up to the existing reservoir.

The catchment areas of these reservoirs, exclusive of the portions intercepted by the existing

and proposed catchwaters and present reservoir, are 260 acres and 250 acres respectively.

As this project involves pumping, the material for forming a reliable estimate of its cost are not at hand, and as it will probably be several years before such works will be undertaken, I merely place the outline of the project on record.

USE OF SEA WATER FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES.

168. During recent years, many seaside towns have adopted a dual system of water supply using sea water for watering streets, flushing drains, fire service, &c.

169. In considering the foregoing, the practicability of adopting such a system for the City of Victoria has not been lost sight of, and though the use of sea water favours deposit in sewers, its adoption for street watering has advantages over the use of fresh water and may with advantage be used in comparatively level localities.

170. Any project for the utilisation of sea water for such purposes in the City of Victoria owing to the varying elevations of the built area, viz., from practically sea level to 600 feet above sea level, must necessarily involve the installation and maintenance of pumping machinery and the construction of service reservoirs in addition to those used for the water supplied for potable purposes. It would further be necessary to lay throughout the City a separate system of distribution mains and hydrants.

The cost of such a project would not compare favourably with those gravitation projects put forward in the preceding pages of this report, and, consequently, I am of opinion no such project should be entertained so long as a supply of fresh water sufficient for all purposes can be obtained at a reasonable cost by gravitation.

EXPENDITURE.

171. Expenditure.-The following is a summary of the expenditure on the water works for the City and Hill District since the year 1860:-

1860 Mr. RAWLING's Project,

1866-71 Mr. WILSON'S Project,

1876 Pokfoolum Conduit,

1883-89 Taitam Project,

1889 Pokfoolum Filter Beds, &c.,

1890-92 Distribution,

1891 Peak Water Works,

.$ 170,000 225,937

62,091

1,257,474

37,431 164,024

1893-95 Distribution Works,.

....

1895 Taitam Extension Works,

Further Expenditure to complete works in hand,

172. Estimated expenditure on proposed works:-

Works immediately required,

Additional Reservoir at Pokfoolum, &c.,

Raising Present Reservoir Embankment at Pokfoolum,.

Catchwater Pokfoolum,

Reservoir Taitam Site No. 1,...

}}

32,585

6,516

37,453

59,489

Total,.....

$ 2,053,000

..$ 260,000

250,000 35,000

18,000

140,000

56,000

60,000

Total,.....

$ 819,000

264

( 22 )

173. From the foregoing, it will be seen that the present works, though deficient in filter area, involved a capital expenditure of $2,053,000-$760,370 per million gallons supplied per diem.

The capital expenditure per million gallons supplied per diem on the completion of the works immediately necessary will be $18,000 $722,812, and

3.2

The capital expenditure per million gallons supplied per diem on the completion of the gravita- tion works proposed will be $2,872,000 = $718,000.

174. It seems probable that, when the works now in progress which are chargeable to the loan are completed, there will be a balance of $300,000 to meet further expenditure on Water Works in the City and Hill District.

175. The annual revenue derived from the Water Works in the City and Hill District, after deducting the cost of maintenance, is estimated at not less than $60,000, and there was at the end of 1895 a balance to the credit of the Water Account (Section 16, Ordinance 16 of 1890), after crediting it with the expenditure on works chargeable to the loan, of $105,272.07.

176. Under these circumstances, there appear to be ample funds available to meet the expendi- ---- ture at present required, and the further expenditure proposed will be more than met by the annual balance accruing to the Water Account.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

FRANCIS A. COOPER,

Member of the Institute of Civil Engineers, Fellow of the Sanitary Institute and Member of the Association of Municipal and County Engineers, Director of Public Works.

Appendix A.

HONGKONG.

Rainfall from May to August 1876-1895.

1876. 1877.

1878. 1879. 1880. 1881. 1882.

1883. 1881.

1885.

May,

11.02

5.75 20.58

5.39

15.58

June,

7.23 10.36

15.69

12.26

27.85

July,

22.51 14.56

5.78

18.43

12.03

inches. inches. inches. inches. inches. inches. inches. inches. inches. inches.

4.50 14.68 15.88 9.04 4.86

6.91 10.55 11.28 11.03 31.36

23.38

17.09 16.20 13.08 13.54

August,

34.35 14.82

16.31 16.43

11.56

27.38

17.53 26.28 10.81 27.87

75.11 15.49 58.36 52.51 67.02 62.17 59.85 69.64 43.96 77.63

1886. 1887.

1888. 1889. 1890. 1891.

1892. 1893. 1894. 1895.

May,

June,

10.62

July,

August,......

inches. inches. inches. inches. inches. inches. inches. inches. inches. inches.

1.78 2.05 19.53 48.84 11.23 28.00 8.57 16.13 20.01

5.47 23.86 9.72 14.84 21.32 34.38 7.09 16.54 4.97

28.24 12.08 10.55 4.57 22.60 23.10 10.78 21.22 9.47 18.87

9.08 13.15 13.32 18.14 8.95 16.79 12.09 8.73 16.53

5.64

6.12

49.72 32.75

67.26 81.27 57.62 89.21 65.82

53.17 62.55 35.60

(23)

Appendix A.--Continued.

Rainfall from September to April, 1876-1896.

265

76-77. 77-78. 78-79. 79-80. 80-81.

81-82. 82-83. 83-84.

84-85. 85-86.

inches. inches. inches. inches. inches.

September, October,

6.00 14.24

1.95

19.25

17.16

inches. inches.

6.09

inches.

inches. inches.

5.40 32.56

12.37

5.84

1.17

1.52

16.18

4.56

15.61

10.43

1.29

0.51

3.09

2.51

November,

1.34

0.73

0.00

1.86

0.00

2.43

0.50

2.28

1.49

0.76

December,

4.08

1.47

0.04

0.05

1.14

1.10

0.09

0.31

0.00

1.25

January,

0.02

1.74

0.78

2.38

0.00

0.46

0.25

0.00

0.87

2.01

February,

1.85

2.96

2.10

1.91

0.21

1.00

0.11

3.42

2.70

1.54

March,

1.10

5.57

4.61

0.24

2.02

0.64

9.77

5.83

2.47

2.59

April,.....

11.96

3.14

5.89

3.62

14.50

4.13

5.23

5.26

14.89

5.67

27.52

31.37 31.55

33.87

50.64

26.28

22.64

50.17

37.88 22.17

86-87. 87-88. 88-89.

89-90.

90-91.

91-92.

92-93.

93-94. 94-95. 95-96.

inches.

inches. inches.

inches.

inches. inches. inches.

inches. inches.

September,

3.00

10.96

6.41

11.80

1.94 11.43

7.00 15.03

19.11

3.97

October,

2.81

2.03

4.52

8.72

0.01

6.21

0.02 17.01

17.57

0.50

November,.

0.05

0.79

0.77

1.54

0.01

2.30

0.31

0.00

0.03

0.33

December,

1.78

0.85

4.09

0.18

1.37

1.96

0.51

0.05

0.76

0.20

January,

8.43

0.18

0.73

2.39

0.04

0.52

1.53

0.89

0.41

1.73

February,

1.89

3.97

0.72

1.48

0.24

1.25

0.46

0.58

0.84

7.95

March,

2.95

10.43

2.49

4.15

2.58

3.90

3.38

0.27

1.39

1.45

April,....

5.64

6.95

12.27

1.96

3.15

11.59

8.43

2.49

2.60

2.10

26.55

36.16 32.00

32.22

9.34

39.16

21.67 36.32

42.71

18.23

Rainfall for 12 months from May to April 1876-1896.

May-August.

September-April.

Total.

inches.

1876-77, 1877-78, 1878-79,

75.11

27.52

102.63

45.49

31.37

76.86

58.36

31.55

89.91

1879-80,

52.51

33.87

86.38

1880-81,

67.02

50.64

117.66

1881-82,

62.17

26.28

88.45

1882-83,

59.85

22.64

82.49

1883-84,

69.64

50.17

119.81

1884-85,

43.96

37.88

81.84

1885-86,

77.63

22.17

99.80

1886-87,

49.72

26.55

76.27

1887-88,

32.75

36.16

68.91

1888-89,

67.26

32.00

99.26

1889-90,

81.27

32.22

113.49

1890-91,

57.62

9.34

66.96

1891-92,

89.21

39.16

128.37

1892-93,

65.82

21.67

87.49

1893-94, 1894-95,

53.17

36.32

89.49

62.55

42.71

105.26

1895-96,

35.60

18.23

53.83

Total,........

1,206.71

628.45

1,835.16

Average,

60.34

31.42

91.76

266

( 24 )

Appendix B.

HONGKONG.

Rainfall Statistics, 1890-1895.

1890.

Month.

Total.

Maximum daily.

Maximum hourly.

No. of hours in which rainfall exceeded

dea

inches.

January,

2.395

.620

.115

February,.

1.475

.425

.420

March, ...

4.155

1.725

.400

April,

1.955

.535

.210

May,

11.235

5.300

1.950

June,

14.835

2.890

1.250

July,......

22.600

5.815

1.890

August,

8.950

3.000

.935

September,

1.940

1.085

.300

October,

.015

.010

.005

November,

.010

.005

December,

1.370

.620

.500

...

70.935

1891.

No. of hours in which rainfall exceeded

Month.

Total.

Maximum daily.

Maximum hourly.

inches.

January,

.040

.030

.010

February,.

.245

.130

.100

March,

2.575

1.230

.810

April,

3.155

.880

.325

May,

27.995

10.405

1.650

June,

21.320

5.510

1.775

July,.......

23.100

6.760

1.660

August,

16.790

3.785

1.575

September,

11.435

3.085

1.400

October, ....

6.210

1.350

.645

November,

2.300

1.335

.395

December, ..................................

1.995

.925

.420

117.160

(25)

Appendix C.

1892.

267

No. of hours in which rainfall exceeded

Month.

Total.

Maximum daily.

Maximum hourly.

inches.

January,

.520

.350

.155

February,..

1.250

.430

.420

March,

3.900

1.800

.320

April,

11.595

3.995

1.800

May,

8.575

3.615

2.085

June,

34.375

10.845

2.150

July,...

10.785

2.020

0.705

August,

12.090

1.305

.805

September,

7.005

1.690

1.145

October,

.020

.015

.005

November,

.340

.220

.110

December,

.515

.180

.040

90.970

ล

1893.

No. of hours in which rainfall exceeded

Month.

Total.

Maximum daily.

Maximum hourly.

.:.

inches.

January,

1.530

.575

.155

February,..

.460

.140

.050

March,

3.385

1.420

,600

April,

8.430

2.885

1.825

May,

16.130

4.820

1.500

June,

7.090

1.245

.400

July,.....

21.220

4.720

1.800

August,

8.730

. 2.310

.670

September,

15.035

2.605

1,000

October,

17.870

6.910

1.650

November,

.030

.020

December,

.045

.025

.015

99.955

268

( 26 )

Appendix C.-Continued.

1894.

No. of hours in which rainfall exceeded

11"

...

૨

Month.

Total.

Maximum daily.

Maximum hourly.

inches.

January,

.895

.245

.115

February,..

.580

.260

.045

March,

.270

.110

.030

April,

2.485

1.365

.705

...

May,

20.010

6.180

1.500

June,

16:540

3.405

1.225

July,.....

9.475

1.595

.690

}

August,

16.530

5.670

1.230

September,

19.110

5.785

.995

October,

17.570

10.190

1.400

November,

.030

.015

.010

December,

.755

.250

.065

104.250

1895.

Month.

Total.

Maximum daily.

Maximum hourly.

No. of hours in which rainfall exceeded

၅။

1′′

inches.

January,

.410

.145

.060

February,..

.835

.385

.065

March,

1.390

.870

.685

April,

2.605

1.865

1.265

May,

5.640

1.275

.800

June,

4.970

1.230

.445

July,

18.870

4.250

1.630

August,

6.125

1.525

.670

September,

3.965

.835

.250

October,

.500

.205

.070

November,

.325

.230

.120

December,

.200

.105

.030

નક્ષ

...

45.835

No. 6

1 96

HONGKONG.

REPORT ON THE WIDOWS' AND ORPHANS' FUND FOR THE YEAR 1895.

Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of

His Excellency the Governor.

THE WIDOWS' AND ORPHANS' FUND,

HONGKONG, 22nd January, 1896.

SIR,-We have the honour to submit the following report on the Widows' and Orphans' Pension Fund for the period from 1st January to 31st December, 1895.

A Statement of Accounts of the Fund to 31st December, 1895, is appended. On 31st December, 1895, the Funds were disposed of as follows:-

On Fixed Deposit, Hongkong and Shanghai Bank, On Current Account,

Do.,

......

TOTAL,........

•

$24,000.00 478.33

.$24,478.33

The monthly contributions amount now to about $548.

During the period under review, 56 Contributors joined the Service and 24 left.

As Mr. C. C. BOWRING has left the Colony, Mr. E. A. CARVALHO has been appointed to audit the accounts of the Fund at the same remuneration.

Mrs. BEAVIN'S pension which was calculated in the first instance at $194.20 has now been reduced to $25.33 per annum.

Mrs. MOOSDEEN has been drawing a pension of $63.67 per annum from the 7th January, 1892. Three officers retired from the Service and half of their contributions was returned to them. There are at present on the books 151 Compulsory Contributors.

Of these 151 Contributors, 50 are bachelors, 98 are married men and 3 are widowers.

191 children on the books.

There are

The average age of the three classes of Contributors (as far as it has been possible to calculate it) is as follows:-

Bachelors,.... Married Men, Widowers,

...28 years.

..... A fraction under 37 years.

The Honourable

THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,

&c.,

....49 years and 4 months.

We have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your obedient Servants,

A. M. THOMSON,

Chairman.

ARTHUR K. TRAVERS,

A. W. BREWIN,

J. G. DA ROCHA,

F. MACHADO,

Directors,

Widows' and Orphans' Fund Committee.

&c.

STATEMENT OF ACCOUNT OF THE WIDOWS' AND ORPHANS' PENSION Fund, FROM JULY 1891 TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1895.

July to December 1891,

January to December 1892,...

Do.

1893,

Do.

1894,.

Do.

1895,.

* Refunds of amounts erroneously levied,

Working Expenses,.

Pensions paid,

Half Contributions refunded,.

RECEIPTS.

EXPENDITURE.

BALANCE.

843.96

8,346.87

621.46

7,725.41

6,557.24

480.78

6,076.46

6,890.37

3,313.23

3,577.14

7,725.32

1,469.96

6,255.36

30,363.76

*5,885.43

24,478.33

.$3,384.53

1,169.00

414.34

917.56

$5,885.43

Sessional Papers - 1896