PAPERS LAID BEFORE THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL OF HONGKONG 1906
Table of Contents
1. Assessment
Report on, for 1906-1907
2. Bacteriologist, Government
Report for 1905
3. Beri-Beri
Research into the Etiology of
4. Blue Book
Report on, for 1905
5. Botanical and forestry
Report for 1905
6. Education
Report for 1905
7. Estimates of Expenditure
Abstract Shewing Differences Between Estimates for 1906 and 1907
8. Finance Committee
Report of the Proceedings of the Finance Committee (1906)
9. Financial Returns
For 1905
10. Financial Statements
In Connection With Estimates for 1907
11. Fire Brigade
Report for 1905
12. Gaol
Report for 1905
13. Harbour Master
Report for 1905
14. Hygiene
Report on the Teaching of, in Hongkong Schools
15. Jurors
List of, for 1906
16. Legislative Council
Proceedings for 1906
17. Medical
Report for 1905
18. Observatory
Report for 1905
19. Plague
Report on Epidemic of, During 1905
20. Po Leung Kuk
Report for 1905
21. Police and Crime
Report for 1905
22. Police Magistrates' Court
Return of, for 1905
23. Post office
Report for 1905
24. Public Works
Report for 1905
25. Public Works Committee
Report of the Proceedings of the Public Works Committee (1906)
26. Queen's College
Report By Examiners of
27. Queen's College
Report for 1905
28. Refuse Destructors
Report on
29. Registrar General
Report for 1905
30. Sanitary
Report for 1905
31. Sanitary Surveyor
Report for 1905
32. Standing Law Committee
Report of the Proceedings of the Standing Law Committee (1906)
33. Supreme Court
Report and Returns for 1905
34. Tung Wah Hospital
Report on
35. Veterinary Surgeon, Colonial
Report for 1905
36. Volunteer Corps, Hongkong
Report for 1905-1906
37. Waterworks
Contents of Reservoirs, 1905-1906
38. Waterworks
Contents of Reservoirs, 1889-1905
39. Widows and Orphans' Pension Fund
Report for 1905
HONGKONG.
REPORT ON THE ASSESSMENT FOR THE YEAR 1906-1907.
No.
23 1906
:
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
1. His Excellency the Governor in Council under Section 8 of the Rating Ordinance No. 6 of 1901, ordered the existing valuation for 1905-06 to be adopted as the valuation for 1906-07. During the past year no general assessment has been made, the increase in Rate- able Value being the result of Interim-Assessments.
The City of Victoria.
2. The Rateable Value has increased from $8,831,815 to $9,207,595, an addition of $375,780 or 4.25 per cent.
The Hill District.
3. The Rateable Value has increased from $248,265 to $252,160, an addition of $3,895 or 1.56 per cent.
Kowloon Point.
4. The Rateable Value has increased from $415,035 to $452,060, an addition of $37,025 or 8.92 per cent.
Yaumati.
5. The Rateable Value has increased from $250,470 to $250,770, an addition of $300 or 0.11 per cent.
Hung Hom.
6. The Rateable Value has increased from $200,245 to $220,445, an addition of $20,200 or 10.08 per cent.
Mong Kok Tsui.
7. The Rateable Value has increased from $133,060 to $139,475, an addition of $6,415 or 4.82 per cent.
Shaukiwan
8. The Rateable Value has increased from $49,122 to $49,977, an addition of $855 or 1.74 per cent.
Tai Hang.
9. The Rateable Value has increased from $12,275 to $12,395, an addition of $120 or 0.97 per cent.
Hongkong Villages.
10. The Rateable Value has increased from $189,927 to $193,497, an addition of $3,570 or 1.87 per cent.
Kowloon Villages.
11. The Rateable Value has increased from $142,064 to $151,899, an addition of $9,835 or 6.92 per cent.
The whole Colony.
12. The Rateable Value has increased from $10,472,278 to $10,930,273, an addition of $457,995 or 4.37 per cent.
New Kowloon.
13. The Rateable Value has increased from $38,885 to $38,930, an addition of $45 or 0.11 per cent.
576
Interim Valuations.
14. During the period from 1st July, 1905, to 1st June, 1906, Interim Valuations have been made as follows:
In the City of Victoria.
147 New and/or rebuilt tenements, rateable value,
$401,905 *
38 Tenements structurally altered,
Replacing assessments amount to,.
$102,990 140,690
37,700
$439,605
105 Assessments cancelled, tenements pulled down, or being in other
respects not rateable,
63,825
Increase in the City of Victoria,.
.$375,780
In the Rest of the Colony.
105 New and/or rebuilt tenements, rateable value,
$59,810
15 Tenements structurally altered,
Replacing assessments amount to,
$258,720 294,905
36,185
$95,995
76 Assessments cancelled, tenements pulled down, or being in other
respects not rateable,
Increase in the Rest of the Colony,
13,780
$82,215
In New Kowloon.
1 New tenement, rateable value,
The total number of tenements affected by Interim Valuations being 487.
Vacant Tenements.
$45
15. The number of vacant tenements in the City of Victoria inspected under Section 35 of the Rating Ordinance averaged about 220 monthly, against 165 last year.
Tabular Statements.
16. The usual tabular statements giving comparisons of the Valuation for 1905-1906 and 1906-1907 are attached.
Staff.
17. Mr. CHAN KWOK ON and Mr. TAI TIN SHANG have discharged their duties to my satisfaction.
6th July, 1906.
DAVID WOOD,
Assessor.
.
!
:
.
577
Table A.
THE CITY OF VICTORIA.
District.
Valuation, Valuation, 1905-1906. 1906-1907.
Increase. Decrease.
No.
Name.
Per- centage.
$
$
$
$
%
1
Kennedy Town,
186,540
186,540
...
260 + 10 O
Shektongtsui,
364,300
419,220
54,920
3
Saivingpun,
2,066,430
2,115,1301
48,700
Taipingshan,
693,365
705,700
12,335
5
Sheungwan,
1,110,270 1,168,890
58,620
6
Chungwan,
3,400,250
3,595,145
194,895
7
Hawan,
340,250
343,715
3,465
Wantsai,
411,880
411,005
$75
9
Bowrington,
103,935
103,335
600
...
10
Sookonpoo,
154,595 158,915
4,320
$8,831,815 9,207,595
377,255
1,475
Deduct, decrease,..
1,475
Total increase,
375,780
4.25
Table B.
THE HILL DISTRICT, SHAUKIWAN, TAI HANG AND HONGKONG VILLAGES.
District.
Valuation, Valuation, 1905-1906. | 1906-1907.
Increase. Decrease.
Per- centage.
The Hill District,
$ 248,265
ន
S
CA
$
%
252,160
3,895
1.56
Shaukiwan,
49,122
49,977
855
1.74
Tai Hang,
12,275
12,395
120
0.97
Hongkong Villages,
189,927
193,497
3,570
1.87
499,589 508,029
8,440
1.68
*
678
Table C.
KOWLOON POINT, YAUMATI, HUNGHOM, MONGKOKTSUI & KOWLOON VILLAGES.
District.
Valuation Valuation 1905-1906. 1906-1907.
Increase.
Decrease. Percentage.
$
$
$
$
%
Kowloon Point,
415,035
452,060
37,025
8.92
Yaumati,
250,470
250,770
300
0.11
Hunghom,
200,245
220,445
20,200
10.08
Mongkoktsui,
133,060
139,475
6,415
4.82
Kowloon Villages,
142,064 151,899
9,835
6.92
Total,...
S
1,140,874 1,214,649
73,775
6.46
Table D.
THE COLONY OF HONGKONG.
Valuation Valuation
District.
Increase.
1905-1906.1906-1907.
Decrease. Percentage.
$
$5
$
$
%%
The City of Victoria,
8,831,815 9,207,595
375,780
4.25
The Hill District and Hong-
kong Villages,
499,589 508,029
8,440
1.68
Kowloon Point & Kowloon
Villages,
1,140,874 1,214,6-49
73,775
6.46
Total,........... .$10,472,278 10,930,273
457,995
4.37
Table E.
NEW KOWLOON.
Valuation
Valuation
District.
Increase.
1905-1906.1906-1907.
Decrease. Percentage.
Kowloon City and Sham-
shuipo,.
en
$
$
38,885
38,930
45
%%
0.11
579
Table F.
District.
Valuation, 1905-06.
ANNUAL RATES.
Valuation,
Increase.
1906-07.
$ C.
Victoria,
.Hill District,
1,148,166.88
$ C.
1,196,962.76
$
48,795.88
26,659.52
32,717.00
6,057.48
Shaukiwan,
4,423.36
4,500.28
76.92
Tai Hang,
2,087.24
2,107.64
20.40
Hongkong Villages,
14,595.28
14,880.28
285.00
Kowloon Point,
50,842.12
55,554.68
4,712.56
Yaumati,
30,684.56
30,721.32
36.76
Hung Hom,
24,531.68
26,932.76
2,401.08
Mongkoktsui,
16,300.48
17,086.28
785.80
Kowloon Villages,....
10,885.08
11,743.56
858.48
Kowloon City and Shamshuipo, New
2,719.64
2,728.04
8.40
Territory,
$ 1,331,895.84
1,395,934.60
64,038.76
Annexe J.
P. 358.
REPORT OF THE GOVERNMENT BACTERIOLOGIST.
The new Public Mortuary has given great satisfaction. Post-mortem examinations can now be conducted under the most favourable circumstances, even during the hottest seasons of the year.
The construction of the buildings, according to modern principles, has reduced to a minimum the dangers attached to this particular work. The whole compound has been regularly cleansed daily throughout the year. The laboratory accommodation is also so constructed as to allow of the most varied naked eye and microscopic pathology being undertaken.
The Bacteriological Institute was completed towards the end of the year. The internal fittings being somewhat complicated, require considerable care and time. Systematic research, therefore, has not yet commenced. In my next year's Report, I hope to be able to give a full account of this Institution and its special qualifications for carrying out bacteriological research under the best of conditions. In my opinion, the building and its equipment will be difficult to beat East of Suez.
During the past year, the routine examination of rats has been carried out by my Laboratory Assistant, Dr. LEE YIN SZE. This officer has performed his duties to my satis- faction. On the termination of Dr. LEE's agreement with the Government, it was considered advisable to recommend the appointment of a qualified Assistant from Eugland. I am glad to say that such an appointment has now been sanctioned and Dr. C. M. HEANLEY, the newly appointed Assistant Bacteriologist, is on his way to Hongkong.
No case of sickness occurred amongst the members of my staff during the year. All those engaged with me at the Public Mortuary are vascinated annually, as they frequently come into close contact with cases of Small-pox, during the prevalence of this disease in the early part of each year.
The question of "dumping" is specially dealt with in the Report. It would not appear that this practice is more prevalent during plague seasons than at other times. The majority of plague cases is not dumped.
Since I assumed the duties of Medical Officer in charge of the Public Mortuary, I have often come across cases in which a post-mortem examination revealed but little evidence of the cause of death. Such a statement may, on first thought, appear somewhat extravagant to many people, yet its truths are only too apparent in Hongkong, where, in the majority of cases, no reliable previous history of the individual is obtainable. The conditions, under which autopsies have to be performed in the Hongkong Morgue, are very different from those obtained at home. In Europe, apart from a few isolated cases, the pathologist obtains some history of the illness, or other factors, which guide him in arriving at a diagnosis. In Hongkong, however, the diagnosis has to be made from a pure pathological standpoint.
In
This has an important medico-legal bearing Many cases of concealed murder cannot be detected by an autopsy alone, or at least, they are not likely to be discovered except, either by a happy chance or preternatural ingenuity on the part of the medical man. many diseases, it is absolutely impossible to determine the cause of death by a post-mortem examination. One has only to think of some acute zymotics, e.g., whooping cough or a disease like epilepsy, in order to be convinced of the hopelessness of the pathological task in the absence of clinical or other data. In a large number of cases, I return the cause of death in children, as marasmus. I arrive at this diagnosis from the condition of atrophy, wasting, and diarrhoea, yet my post-mortem examination shows nothing in any internal organ to which death could be ascribed. The autopsy does not show why the thread of life has been snapped. Again, in cases of prematurity, where is the post-mortem evidence of the exact cause of death? In olden times, such cases would have been described as death from the visitation of God. In the great majority of cases of all causes of death, the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, etc., each or all of them may be diseased. What is the condition in any one or all of them, which is incompatible witli life? It is in such cases that the absence of a definite clinical or previous history becomes of so great moment. From pure pathological appearances alone, one must, from a medico-legal standpoint, con- clude, that the presence of extensive discase of such and such an organ, would be sufficient to account for death, and may have caused it now. When we come to the forensic side of
359
the question, the final determination of the cause of death is a matter of the greatest im- portance. Apart from the presence of injuries, wounds, etc., which may be sufficiently clear in themselves as causes of death, the arrival at a diagnosis of the cause of death in other cases, in a coroner's court, on the evidence of the pathologist alone, is a farce. Expert pathological evidence is extremely valuable, but it would appear to be insufficient for the requirements of justice, and the safety of the public, in the absence at any particular inquest of some other person, and preferably a medical man, who has seen the deceased alive, even if it be only during the death agony.
Tuberculosis, in its many different manifestations, still accounts for the lives of a large number of Chinese of all ages. KocH's theory still holds sway, and in continuation of my researches into the subject, my observations lead to the conclusion, that two distinct types of tubercle exist, namely, the typus humanus and the typus borinus. Widespread tuberculosis in cattle is propagated almost entirely by the tubercle bacillus of the typus bovinus. Tuberculosis in man, although reproducible by the typus borinus, is readily induced by direct infection from man to man, and the role played by the consumptive individual is of much greater moment in spreading tubercle bacilli amongst us, than the presence of widespread bovine tuberculosis. In Hongkong bovine tuberculosis is practically unknown amongst Chinese cattle. Therefore our energies in abating this disease-a more insidious and deadly malady than our plague-inust be directed to the prevention of its spread from man to man.
The incidence of Small-pox was small during the year. Its aerial spread necessitates rigid isolation during epidemics, and floating hospitals far removed from the limits of large towns would appear to give the best results in dealing with an outbreak.
Bacillary as well as Amoebic Dysentery exists in Hongkong. The latter is the more chronic form of the disease, more likely to recur, and occasionally sets up, as a sequela, tropical abscess of the liver. I am of the opinion that true tropical liver abcess is always due to the presence of amœbæ.
Typhoid fever would not appear to be an uncommon disease amongst the Chinese.
The results of a research into the etiology of Beri-beri by Dr. KocH and myself, show that the disease is not of an acute specific infectious nature. Its etiology is probably non- micro-organismal.
The question of Rupture of the Spleen as a cause of death in Hongkong is dealt with more or less fully.
Several interesting pathological conditions are described in detail in the Report.
A considerable number of tumours has also been examined. Tumours (malignant and benign) are by no means uncommon amongst the Chinese.
136 cases of Plague were examined during the year. Pathologically the cases bore out the conclusions drawn by me in my Special Report on Plague for the year 1904.
The relation, existing between rat and human plague, show the same characteristics as found in previous years.
The amount of rat plague would appear to be increasing in the Colony. During the past year, nearly 5% of the total number of rats examined were found to be plague infected.. It is difficult to account for this gradual spread in the amount of epimuic plague. Stronger measures than ever against rats would appear to be indicated if success in dealing with plague epidemics is to be obtained.
Arguing from the dictum "no rat plague, no human plague" our chances of freeing the Colony from this exotic are but small for some years to come.
year.
Apart from rats, no other animal has been found suffering from plague during the past:
Birds would not appear to be very susceptible to the disease.
My researches in regard to the role played by the rat in spreading plague are gradually gaining general recognition, and, further, my assertion that ordinary bubonic plague is not highly infectious has received confirmation in several recent Reports.
DANYSZ's virus as an agent for the wholesale destruction of rats has been a complete
failure.
360
So far as my bacteriological investigations are concerned, there is no evidence at present of locally contracted Malta fever in Hongkong. Such cases as do occur are always imported. Relapsing fever, although prevalent in North China, is not met with in Hongkong. Diphtheria is rare in the Colony. On the other hand, croupous, non-specific tonsillitis and pharyngitis is far from uncommon.
My experiments on Formaldehyde as a gaseous disinfectant have led me to the con- clusion that this chemical preparation, although fashionable at present, has no special recommendations. It is a meagre bactericidal agent and possesses no penetrating powers.
During the year, a number of chemical disinfectants were tested as regards their carbolic acid co-efficiency. This test would appear to give extremely constant results, and is a valuable addition to our methods of estimating the efficiency of the numerous chemical preparations put upon the market to sell as perfect germicides, and guarantees against infections disease. Considering the results which are obtained after a liberal use of such fluids, it is, at present, a question of doubt, how far one is justified in recommending the general employment of chemical disinfectants. At any rate, their use, apart from expense,
can do no harm.
The vaccine used during the year has been extremely potent and given satisfactory results to all who have employed it for vaccination. With the opening of the Bacteriological Institute the lymph for sale in the Colony will be manufactured in the same way as that used in the Government Laboratories in London.
A brief resumé is given in the Report of the most important publications issued by the Bacteriologist during the past year.
WILLIAM HUNTER.
The Public Mortuary.
1,381 post-mortem examinations were held during the year 1905.
The total number of post-mortem examinations held has diminished by 170, compared with the return of 1904. This decrease is due, in a great measure, to the absence of severe epidemic disease during the year. The number of post-mortem examinations held upon male cadavers greatly exceeds that of females. This preponderance of males over females examined, is maintained year by year.
The number of male cadavers examined,
Do. female cadavers examined,
Total,..
858
523
1,381
Stated in percentages these figures mean :—
Males, Females,
62%
38%
Another point of interest in connection with these figures, is the statement, frequently made, that female children are more often "dumped" than male children.
Year by year,
I have gone into this question more or less thoroughly, and from the figures obtained, this belief would not appear to be true. The results which have been obtained for the year 1905, are in perfect accord with those given in my Annual Report for the year 1904. In my opinion, male and female children are found dumped" and examined at the Public Mor- tuary in equal frequency. The following percentages based upon the figures obtained for 1905, are illustrative of this fact :-
Males dumped" under 1 year,
Females "dumped" under 1 year,
47% 53%
Since I assumed the duties of Medical Officer in charge of the Public Mortuary in the year 1902, over 8,000 cadavers have passed through my hands. This represents an almost unequalled wealth of pathological material, from which one ought to be able to draw many important conclusions. In the present report, it is proposed to deal with the question of the incidence of disease amongst the Chinese, resident in Hongkong. It is of importance, from many points of view, to be able to form some idea of this subject, and help to contribute to that engrossing question, namely, the geographical distribution of disease.
361
The practice of "dumping" of bodies in the street, harbour, hillsides, etc., has always been a question of considerable importance in the Colony.
The efforts made, in order to restrict this pernicious custom, would not appear to be crowned with such signal success as desired. In the Annual Sanitary Report for 1904, the Medical Officer in charge of the Mortuary in Kowloon, gave us a valuable Table, indicating the prevalence of this practice in Kowloon. In my present Report, therefore, I propose to include a similar Table showing the extent of the custom in Hongkong. Such a Table ought to be of considerable interest, as the figures contained are drawn from a much wider
area:
薨
Table I.-SOURCE OF BODIES.
1905.
No. of Bodies.
Found in House, Matshed or
Found on Hill-
Total
Found in Street.
side, vacant
Found in Harbour,
Boat.
ground, &c.
%% Dumped.
January,
101
56
9
1
14°
£40,0
February,
70
33
32
1
520.0
March,
96
46
31
13
3
52°
April,
118
48
60
7
May,
162
94
60
8
June,
202
118
72
9
59°
120
C
420
July,
158
84
62
12
:
August,
127
76
45
6
£70.0
10°
(
September,
90
13
37
10
520.0
October,
77
40
32
4
1
November,
93
13
44
6
480.0
51°0
December,
87
00
50
4
€29.
66
On comparing this Table with that already drawn up by the Medical Officer of the Kowloon Mortuary, it is seen that the results are practically identical. The practice of dumping" is as prevalent in Hongkong as in Kowloon. From such Tables, however, it would not appear that this practice is more prevalent during plague seasons. Further, it is of interest to note the incidence of "dumping" in regard to plague cases. During the past year, 136 cases of plague were examined at the Public Mortuary, and these cases, if arranged according to the foregoing. Table, give the following interesting result :--
Table II-SOURCE OF PLAGUE BODIES.
No. OF FOUND IN FOUND CASES. HOUSE, &c. DUMPED.
IN
о
HOUSE.
DUMP-
ED.
Bubonic Type,
94
78
16
28
Septic Type,
37
30
7
81°
19
Pneumonic Type,
Ι
20%
80 °
O
From this Table, even although the numbers are small, it is seen that by far the largest number of plague cases has been found in houses, matshels or boats. In regard to the pneumonic type of the disease, no conclusions can be drawn, owing to the small number of cases examined.
362
Table III-RETURN OF CAUSES OF DEATH DURING THE YEAR.
I. Total General Diseases,
•
II. Local Diseases :--
(a) of the Nervous System,
(b)
(c)
(d) (e)
"}
,, Circulatory System, Respiratory Systein, Digestive System, Urinary System,
"
(1)", Generative System,
III. Total Injuries,
IV. Total Decomposed Bodies,
Table IV.-GENERAL DISEASES.
756
5
33
334
39
21
10
442
91
92
Total, .........1,381
Small-pox,
Plague :-
Bubonic Type,
Septicemic Type,
Pneumonic Type,
Enteric Fever,
15
94
.37
3
136
27
Cholera, ..
Diarrhoea,
3
60
Z
Dysentery (amoebic),
+
Beri-beri,
150
Malaria,
56
Septicæmia,
Syphilis.
3
Acute General Tuberculosis,
46
Premature Birth,
17
Still-birth, ....
65
Marasmatic conditions,
154
Opium Poisoning,
2
Prussic Acid Poisoning,
1
Distomiasis,
Diffuse Cellulitis,
1
Epilepsy,
Leprosy,..
Purpura Hæmorrhagica,
2
1
Relapsing Fever,
Old Age,
Skeletons,
1
1
Total................... 754
2
756
Table V.-LOCAL DISEASES.
I-Of the Nervous System.
Acute Meningitis,
Tubercular Meningitis,
Cerebral Hæmorrhage,
1
2
Total,......
5.
363.
II.--Of the Circulatory System.
Acute Fibrinous Pericarditis,
Tubercular Pericarditis,
Aneurism of Heart,
+
Aneurism of Aorta,
Aneurism of Pulmonary Artery,
Fatty Degeneration of Heart,
Aortic Valvular Disease,
Mitral Valvular Disease,
Cardiac Syncope,
Acute Endocarditis,
1
1
2
6
7
Total,
33
III-Of the Respiratory System.
Acute Bronchitis...
Chronic Bronchitis,
Pneumatosis,
Gangrene of Lung,
Abscess of Lung,
Acute Catarrhal Pneumonia,
Acute Fibrinous Pneumonia,
Phthisis,
Acute Pleurisy,
Empyema.
Pyopneumothorax,
Oedema of the Glouis,
Bronchiectasis,
Cancer of Lung,
Acute Congestion,
32
6
30
2
1
136
56
52
7
2
2
3
2
2
Total,
334
IV-Of the Digestive System.
Intestinal Obstruction,
Intussusception,
Appendicitis,
Primary Intestinal Tuberculosis,
Acute Peritonitis,
Strangulated Femoral Hernia,
Tubercular Peritonitis. Acute Ulcerative Colitis, Cancer of the Pylorus, Colloid Cancer of Stomach, Primary Cancer of Liver, Abscess of Liver, Tabes Mesenterica, Obstructive Jaundice :- Extrahepatic, Intrahepatic,
Suppurative Cholecystitis, Gangrenous Stomatitis, Acute Yellow Atrophy,
Cirrhosis of Liver,
1212
1
9
1
1
2
1
3
3
2
3
1
1
1
1
3
Total,
39
•
V-Of the Urinary System.
Acute Parenchymatous Nephritis,..
4
Acute Glomerulo-Nephritis,
Chronic Nephritis (Large White),
Primary Interstitial Nephritis,
Genito-Urinary Phthisis,
Perinephritic Abscess,
Ulcerative Cystitis,
1100 UT
5
3
6
4
1
1
Total,
21
Abortion,
364
VI-Of the Generative System.
Post-partum Hæmorrhage,.
Extra-Uterine Pregnancy,
Puerperal Septicæmia,
Table VI.-INJURIES.
I.-General.
2
Total,...... 10
Burning,
10
Suffocation:-
Multiple Injuries,
(a.) From Submersion...
1
14
(b.) From Strangulation,
5
Privation,
22
1.-Local.
(a.) Of the Head :—
Fracture of Vault of Skull,
12
Fracture of Base of Skull,
8
(b.) Of the Neck: --
Stab Wound,
Fracture of Pelvis.
Dislocation of Neck,
Cut Throat...
(c.) Of the Abdomen :——
Rupture of Spleen,.
Rupture of Liver,
Rupture of Spleen and Liver, Rupture of Stomach,
Fracture of Lumbar Spine,
1
1
1
9
1
1
2
2
Total....... 91
Table VII-NATIONALITY OF BODIES BROUGHT TO THE PUBLIC MORTUARY
Chinese,
European,
American,
Japanese,
Indian,
Philipino.
Asiatic Portuguese,
Eurasian,
DURING THE YEAR,
1,367
1
1
1
1
1
1
Total,......1.381
Table VIII. RETURN OF CAUSES OF DEATH OF BODIES OF NATIONALITIES
OTHER THAN CHINESE.
Europeans:
Drowning,
Hanging,
Pneumonia,
Cardiac Failure,
Prussic Acid Poisoning,
3
1.
1
1
1
Total,.....
1 American,
1 Japanese,..
1 Indian,
1 Philipino,
1 Asiatic Portuguese,
1 Eurasian,
...Cut Throat.
Beri-beri.
.Malaria.
Stab wound in abdomen.
.Plague, Bubonic..
Typhoid Fever.
365
1
Pathological Investigations.
.1. Small-pox.-The incidence of Small-pox during the past year has been small as compared with former years. Most of the cases were found during the cool season. All types of the disease were examined, and, in the majority of instances, infants and children were the sufferers. So far the etiological factor at work in the production of this terrible scourge, has escaped detection. Small-pox has been known amongst the Chinese from time immemorial, and the practice of inoculating for small-pox is said to have been first practised in China at least 1.000 B.C. Ancient Chinese literature reveal to us that small-pox was placed under the special patronage of a goddess. Temples were dedicated to her, and further, "elaborate sacrifices were carried out.
Smail-pox is an ubiquitous disease. It has no regard for lines of longitude or latitude. There would appear, however, to exist no doubt that the disease is influenced by changes in temperature. This is well shown in Hongkong and indeed throughout China where the disease is endemic. Its period of greatest activity is during the cooler portion of the year. This seasonal variation of small-pox is not limited to any particular country, but is uniform throughout the whole extent of both hemispheres of the globe.
A con-
Small-pox would appear to be mainly spread by the movements of people. siderable amount of importance must be attached to air as a mode of conveyance of the infection. From the investigations of POWER, of the Local Government Board, there would appear to exist little doubt that the virus of the disease is frequently carried by the air. In fact, there is good reason to believe that the causal agent of the disease may be carried through the air over a distance of a mile, and still retains its virulence. This theory of the aerial convection of small-pox, although opposed by some observers, is receiving general acceptance. and has led to certain modifications of the methods hitherto adopted in order to efficiently isolate cases of the disease. Floating hospitals, right outside the limits of large towns, would appear to give one the best chance of preventing a spread of the disease. This, however, in order to be successful, must be supplemiented by general vaccination and re-vaccination.
2. Plague. The number of cases examined is small, owing to the prevalence of a mild epidemic. Considerable interest would appear to be evinced locally as to the prognos- tication of the incidence of plague for each year. Are we to have a mild or a severe epidemic during the coming year? Such a question is difficult to answer, notwithstanding the variability in climate, epizootic and epimuic disease. In my opinion, we have but little control over the incidence of a discase like plague, and any prognosis, as to the incidence of the exotic, if given correctly, can only be due to good luck, and scarcely founded upon an irrefutable scientific basis.
Ench
3. Cholera.-Only 3 cases of this exotic were examined during the past year. case was pathologically and bacteriologically typical. Notwithstanding the fact that the disease is endemic in Southern China, it rarely becomes of serious importance in Hongkong. Any outbreak of Cholera in the Colony must certainly be attributed to the introduction of the infection from Canton and the surrounding country.
4. Dysentery.—Four fatal cases of the disease were found during the past year. In each case the type was amabic. This is the most frequent variety of the disease met with in the Public Mortuary.
Although the disease is rife in China, it would appear to figure somewhat rarely as a cause of death, at least in Hongkong. Evidence of its presence in Chinese cadavers is abundant. This consists of irregular thickenings of the colon, cicatrices, and occasionally superficial ulcerations. Such changes are to be found in an extremely large number of the bodies examined the cause of death being, however, some entirely different disease. Bacillary, as well as amabic, Dysentery, is also prevalent in Hongkong. My experience of this form of the disease in the Mortuary is very limited.
The statement made by CLEMOW, in his recent book on the "Geography of Disease” that in the Government Civil Hospital in Hongkong, the disease is one of the commonest that comes under treatment" is much exaggerated. Dysentery is rife in China, and prevails in Hongkong, but its incidence in the Colony can hardly be said to be greater than many other disorders locally met with.
5. Diarrhoet.This figures largely as a cause of death amongst the Chinese, especially amongst infants and children. During the year 1905, this, as a cause of death, was returned in 60 cases.
}
I
:
į
366
The causal agent at work in the production of these diarrhoeas has not been determined. It is proposed, however, to investigate this question more thoroughly, especially from the point of view of the possible part played by a form of the B. dysenteria in giving rise to many cases of this malady.
6. Enteric Fever.-This was returned as the cause of death in 27 cases. The following tabular statement is interesting as regards the age incidence of these cases :—
1 year,
1-2 years,
2-3 years,
3-4 years,
4-5 years,
8 years,
9
8
6
1
2
1
27
These figures are in accordance with the results obtained during previous years.
The
In my Annual Report for the year 1904, the question of the incidence of typhoid fever amongst the Chinese was fully discussed. Evidence was brought forward in support of the contention that the Chinese-children and adults-frequently contract the disease. theory, that the Chinese race, like the natives of India, are immune to typhoid fever, owing to their suffering from unrecognised attacks of the disease in childhood would not appear to have any scientific support. Professor OSLER (personal communication), CLEMOW, and other eminent authorities on typhoid fever, have come to the same conclusion as myself, namely, that the Chinese suffer from enteric fever as frequently during adult as during infantile life, and were the conditions of the people, and the conditions of life regulated in a manner similar to that obtained in the Occident, the incidence of the disease would differ but little from that found in Western countries.
7. Beri-beri. The incideuce of this disease would not appear to be diminishing in Hongkong. During the past year 150 cases were examined at the Public Mortuary. Both varieties of the disease, namely, the dropsical and atrophic forms, were present in about. equal numbers. The majority of cases occurred in adult males. Examples of the disease were also found in females but the incidence was much rarer. Beri-beri would appear to be most prevalent during the working or wage-earning period of life.
'
This
The question of the etiology of Beri-beri is still involved in obscurity. Of theories as to its causation, there are no enl. Deficiency in certain elements of a normal standard diet, bad food, bacteria, protozoa, etc., have been brought forward by different observers at different times as the cause of the disease. The most recent theory of the causation of Beri-beri is that brought forward by Dr. HAMILTON WRIGHT, late Director of the Institute for Medical Research, in the Federated Malay Settlements. WRIGHT is of the opiniou that the disease is to be classel as an acute specific and infectious disorder, that it is due to a bacterium, the biological characteristics of which probably resemble the B. diphtheria; that there exists a primary lesion or focus of the disease, namely, a gastro- duodenitis, and lastly, that by multiplication of the bacteria in this primary focus, a toxin is secreted which is absorbed into the general circulation of the individual affected, and occasions the various changes which are found in the peripheral nervous system. theory, published a year or two ago, has been well brought forward by WRIGHT and received considerable attention from those interested in the disease. In Hongkong it was considered desirable, in the presence of a wealth of material, to start a research into this subject from as wide a standpoint as possible, and to put to the test, the various theories, including that of WRIGHT, by the use of all the pathological and bacteriological methods at one's disposal. With the co-operation of the Government the research was commenced towards the end of 1904, and has been prosecuted more or less continuously until the latter end of the past year, when a Special Report on the results of the investigation was submitted to the Government by Dr. Kocu and myself. It is expected that this Report will be published in a few days. During the course of our investigations, the clinical, pathological, bacteriologi- cal, and experimental sides of the question were studied as thoroughly as possible. Briefly, the conclusions which Dr. KocH and I have been able to draw are the following:-
(1.) There is no evidence that Beri-beri is an acute specific infectious disease. (2.) No micro-organism, of the hitherto described forms, has been found in any organ or tissue of a Beri-beri patient, or cadaver, which could be brought into causal relationship with the disease.
}
367
(3.) Experimentally, it has been found impossible, by any method, to call forth the
disease in any animal.
(4.) In our experience, true Beri-beri does not exist in monkeys infected either
naturally or experimentally.
(5.) Beri-beri, as the result of our investigations, would appear to be non-micro- organismal in nature. We are inclined to bring some chemical poison into causal relationship with the disease.
(6.) Our results are in direct opposition to those obtained by Dr. HAMILTON
WRIGHT.
8. Rupture of the Spleen.-Rupture of the spleen, as a cause of death, figures con- spicuously, in coroner's enquiries and in the Supreme Court of Hongkong. Such cases frequently excite a considerable amount of local interest, and much speculation would appear to exist as to the amount of violence required to occasion such an injury which usually results in the death of the individual. Ruptures of the abdominal organs, and in particular, of the spleen, liver, and kidneys, may be due to violence or disease. Upon the degree of such ruptures depends the length of time of survivorship of the individual affected, and such cases, varying in causation, length of survivorship, etc., may have an important bearing in a charge of murder.
1
Rupture of the spleen is an ever-recurring cause of death at the Public Mortuary, and the opportunities afforded for a study of the condition are many. About 12 cases occur annually, and the exact circumstances under which the individual cases occur have always been noted. In à malarial country, like our own Colony, the spleen is usually found en- larged and brittle, (malaria), and the violence required to effect a rupture of such a diseased organ may be very slight, compared with that requisite to call forth a similar condition in a healthy spleen. This fact is one of importance, and the question as to the existence of a healthy or unhealthy spleen must always be taken into account from a medico-legal stand- point, as this circumstance may in certain cases mitigate the act of an assailant. In the majority of the cases which have come under my notice, such an ague spleen has been present. However, notwithstanding the presence of disease, it has always been a matter of great difficulty to form an accurate estimation of the amount of violence necessary in each individual case, to occasion a fracture of the orgau.
From my own experience of cases of rupture of the spleen, I venture to put forward the following remarks in regard to the question of violence in such cases :-
1. Extreme violence may be used over the splenic area of the abdominal wall if the organ is healthy. Although the spleen, like the liver, is much exposed to rupture, yet it will not yield to a sudden shock so readily as the stomach and intestines. Cases of this nature have come under my notice. On two occasions I had an opportunity of examining the dead bodies of healthy individuals who had been run over by rapidly driven, and heavily laden dray carts. The wheels passed over the abdomen in the hypogastric and upper lumbar regions. In each case there was rupture of the stomach and fracture of the lower ribs. The spleen was unaffected.
Occasionally the question, as to the presence or absence of distension of the stomach, due to food, exercising a favourable influence on the possibility of rupture of the spleen, is raised.
Experiments, in regard to this factor, have been made upon cadavers and show that "full stomach" has practically no significance in favouring the fracture. My own experience would appear to support the experimental side of the question.
the experimental side of the question. I know of no case, during the past four years in Hongkong, which could be said to have a distended stomach as a predisposing factor of the rupture.
2. Slight violence may be used over the splenic area and cause a rupture of the organ, but only if the spleen is hard and brittle. Slight pokes with the fingers or fists may cause the injury. Two Chinamen were "larking"; one happened to poke the other below the left ribs. The "tap" could in no sense of the word be called a "blow", yet the individual died in one hour and the post-mortem examination showed a well-marked rupture of an enlarged and brittle spleen.
In a
3. The violence may be of the nature of compression of the waist by the arms. case which came under my notice, two Chinamen were wrestling, each gripping the other tightly round the waist. One of the two suddenly became faint and died soon after of rupture of an enlarged spleen. The spleen in this case was over 3 pounds in weight ¿.e., about 8 times its normal size.
3
368
4. The violence may, be a fall. I have examined cases of this nature, and similar instances have been reported by other observers in different tropical countries. A false step taken by a Chinese pedestrian who has an enlarged spleen, may lead to a severe fracture
of the organ.
5. The violence may be severe, yet no indication of such may be found in the splenic area of the abdominal wall. Cases of this nature have frequently been seen at the Public Mortuary.
6. Conversely, subcutaneous læmorrhages in the abdominal wall, and over the spleen, may be found in cases where the violence is extremely slight. This is found in individuals. suffering from Bright's disease, syphilis, typhoid fever, plague, purpura, hæmophilia, etc.
7. Spontaneous rupture of the spleen may take place. This may occur in individuals who have a large spleen, e.g., weighing 3 to 5 lbs. Spleens weighing 3 lbs. are not uncom- mon in Hongkong. Excitement, coupled with sudden contraction of the abdominal muscles, may be sufficient to rupture the organ. In support of my contention, a good example of this mode of fracture of the spleen was published in 1902 in the Indian Medical Gazette. A native barrister of middle age was pleading in one of the Indian Courts. when owing to some altercation with the Judge, he became greatly excited. A few minutes afterwards, feeling faint, he left the court room and died in half an hour from a severe laceration of the spleen. The organ was greatly enlarged and brittle. The deceased had suffered much from malaria during his life.
In this case the size of the rupture was large, so that it is obvious that no deductions may be drawn between the size of the rupture and the force of the blow which causes the injury. Severe laceration may be found in cases of spontaneous rupture; small tears may be present in cases due to severe violence.
S. Ruptures of the spleen due to stabs, heavy prods with bamboo poles, etc., are suffi- ciently clear in themselves and leave no doubt as to the degree of violence exercised.
In all cases of rupture of the spleen, it is a matter of great difficulty to estimate the period of survival after the infliction of the injury. In uncomplicated cases, we have no data to stand by regarding the quantity of blood effused before death. The rapidity with which the blood will flow from the spleen in each individual case cannot be estimated. A person may walk over some considerable distance after the receipt of the injury. This, undoubtedly will aggravate the hæmorrhage, but it must also be borne in mind that the bleeding will continue after death so long as the blood remains warm and fluid. Such questions of refined speculation, although often leading to different opinions by medical experts, would not appear to assist one in gathering together a concise and correct statement of each case.
9. Amabic Dysentery and its relation to Liver Abscess.-Amoebic Dysentery is a common disease in Hongkong not only amongst Europeans but also amongst the Chinese. Its incidence amongst the Chinese is very evident in the Public Mortuary where an examination of the large gut of every case brought to autopsy, shows the the great frequency of the disease. In at least 50-60 per cent. of the autopsies held by me annually, traces of dysentery can be demonstrated in the large intestine. In the majority of cases the inflamination is due to the presence of the amoeba. In contradistinction to bacillary dysentery, the amoebic form would appear to be extremely chronic in its course. Indeed concluding from the post-mortem appearances met with in such cases, it would be difficult clinically to prognosticate when a perfect cure has taken place.
The presence of amoeba in the large bowel must, in the light of recent research, be regarded as pathological. Diarrhoea or dysentery may not supervene as the result of their advent, yet other affections, e.g., abscess of the liver may be set up.
The question of the relation existing between the presence of amabæ in the bowel and the occurrence of so-called tropical abscess of the liver has been one of great interest to me for some considerable time. At the present moment, I am engaged upon a special enquiry into the subject. I propose to deal with my results, when completed, in a special monograph.
L
So far as one can gather from a consideration of the literature on this subject, a great deal of doubt would appear to exist as to the exact etiology of liver abscess as met with in the tropics. All sorts of causes e.g., worms, bacteria, amabæ, etc., have been advanced in order to explain the occurrence of tropical abscess in single individual cases. My own results, as yet incomplete, would lead me to conclude that tropical abscess of the liver is always due to amœba. In the vast majority of cases a history of dysentery is to be obtained
369
at least of diarrhoea-and in this connection it must be borne in mind that the presence of amœbæ in the fœces is not synonymous with dysentery. They may only occasion an irregular diarrhoea. In fact, they may exist abnormally in the faces for some considerable time without the advent of any untoward symptom. Again all cases of typical tropical hepatic abscess show the presence of amoeba in the pus. Indeed the further I prosecute my researches into this etiological question, the more I become convinced that, in the absence of amoebic dysentery or of these protozoa in the intestine, tropical abscess of the liver will not occur. However, as soon as my investigations are complete, I hope to be able to submit a special Report upon the question.
Interesting Pathological Conditions.
1. Anencephalia.-One monster of this variety was found during the past year. The child was still-born, and the sex female. The condition was present without retro-flexion, and the vertebral canal was open only in the upper cervical region. There were no other malformations.
2. A Case of Sloughing Invagination.-A specimen of this interesting condition was examined by me, during the past year, for Dr. LAYNG of Swatow. The history of the case is as follows:-A Chinese male adult, aged about 35, was suddenly attacked with acute paroxysms of pain about the region of the umbelicus. There was slight vomiting and diarrhoea. The stools were fluid, brown in colour, and mixed with blood and mucus. There was no appreciable rise in temperature. At first the examination of the abdomen was negative, beyond marked contraction of the recti muscles. Subsequently there was tympanites, pain on pressure over the abdominal wall, and the presence of a sausage-shaped tumour in the region of the ascending colon. This condition of affairs remained practically the same for several weeks. During the eighth week of the illness, the patient suddenly became collapsed, and passed, per rectum, the specimen sent to me for examination and diagnosis. Subsequently the individual never rallied. Death took place in about 30 hours after the passage of the specimen. As is usual in Chinese cities, no post-mortem examin- ation was permitted.
Result of Examination.-The specimen was a coil of intestine about 12 inches in length. It was a portion of the ileum, inclusive of the ileo-coecal valve, the internuneeption being of the ileo-coecal or colic variety. The walls of the gut were greatly thickened and in a gangrenous. condition.
The condition is extremely interesting, and owing to its rarity, the pathological speci- men has been preserved by me as a curiosity.
3. Aneurism of the Heart.-Two examples of this interesting and comparitively rare pathological condition were met with during the year. Both cases occurred in Chinese males over 40 years of age. In one instance marked evidences of syphilis were present throughout the body. Death in each case was sudden, the aneurisms bursting into the pericardial sac. Both dilatations were saccular in form, and had approximately been about the size of an orange. The aneurisms involved the entire walls of the heart, one being situated at the apex of the organ, the other involving the anterior wall of the left ventricle near the apex. The orifaces communicating with the cavity of the ventricle were large, notwithstanding the saccular nature of the lesions. The walls of both sacs were much thickened owing to the deposition of a large amount of fibrin which had been laid down over in the inner surface in the lamellar form. On the other hand, at the point of junction of the sac with ventricle, the wall of the aneurism was extremely thin and in a degenerated condition. At this point, the rupture of the sac took place in both cases.
Both the cases are of considerable value pathologically. Amongst Europeans the condition is of the rarest occurrence. The Chinese, however, frequently die as the result of aneurismal dilatations, and, as I have pointed out in my previous Annual Reports, arterio-sclerosis and the syphilisation of the coolie class of Chinese would appear to have some causal relationship with its occurrence. Large hypertrophied, but otherwise healthy, hearts are common amongst the Chinese, due obviously to violent muscular exertion. This must also be regarded as a predisposing factor in the production of aneurism.
4. Distomiasis.-This was returned as the cause of death in two cases. The patholo- gical changes found in such cadavers, are mainly confined to the liver. In fatal cases, this organ is usually diminished in size and shows the presence of intense cirrhosis. On section, the cut surface of the liver shows numeous dilated, thickened biliary channels of an opaque-white colour. By using gentle pressure on the surface of the liver, one can express the D. sinense from the dilated bile channels either singly or in tangled masses. The series of changes which would appear to take place after infection of the organ with Distoma is as follows:-A subacute catarrhah inflammation of the epithelium of the bile ducts is set up accompanied by an increased mucous secretion.
370
This is followed by an hypertrophy of the epithelium of these ducts, and, in addition, by a great increase in the amount of the peri-connective tissue. New capillaries are formed in the hypertrophic connective tissue leaving to a narrowing of the lumina of the biliary channels, and also to degeneration of the surrounding liver parenchyma. Disturbances in the normal functions of the liver, interference with the portal circulation, ascites, etc., are gradually set up, and by degrees become so aggravated as to lead to actual disease and disorganisation of function quite incompatible with life. The extent and the intensity of the pathological changes found depend upon the number of parasites present. They may be present in hundreds or in thousands. It is only in instances of the latter condition that the disease would appear to endanger life. To those who practise extensively amongst the Chinese, I repeat what I have advocated in previous Reports, that in all cases of obscure hepatic disease, the examination of the fœces for the characteristic eggs of the parasite, should never be neglected.
5. Aneurism of the Pulmonary Artery.-One case was found during the year. It is one of the rarest pathological conditions of the human body. In many books on the subject of aneurism, the condition is not even mentioned. This aneurism occurred in an adult Chinese male, aged about 50. There was marked evidence of syphilis and generalised atheromatous changes in the vessels. These were most marked in the aorta, the wall of which was greatly thickened and puckered. The intima was studded with masses of calcareous atheroma. The pulmonary artery was also markedly atheromatous. aneurism on the vessel was situated just inside the pericardial sac. It was saccular and communicated with the vessel by means of a small opening. Fibrin had been abundantly deposited in the sac. The rupture took place at the point of junction of the sac with the vessel wall, hæmorrhage into the pericardial sac resulting.
The
6. Extra-Uterine Pregnancy.-Four cases were examined during the year. All were in Chinese females under 30 years of age. In 3 of the cases ampullar pregnancy had occurred. The other was an instance of isthmial pregnancy. In each case rupture of the sac took place, resulting in hæmoperitoneum.
7. A Case of Suppurative Cholangitis, Cholecystitis and Intra-hepatic and Chole- lithiasis. This case is somewhat similar in many respects to that published by Dr. HARSTON and the Government Bacteriologist in the British Medical Journal, of November, 1905. The case was that of a Chinese adult female, aged about 35. No previous history was obtainable, the condition being discovered post-mortem. The liver was greatly enlarged. Its weight was about 4 lbs. The surface was rough and showed the presnce of cirrhosis. The capsule was greatly thickened. On section, suppurative cholangitis was found present. The biliary channels were enormously dilated and their walls in some places were at least to inch in thickness. On gentle pressure, thick, tenacious pus, deeply bile stained, welled out from the bile ducts. In many places saccular dilatations of the biliary canals were found, and many of these contained one or more cholesterin bile pigment calculi. Many of these stones were as big as a walnut. Over a hundred calculi were found in the biliary canals throughout the liver substance. The pus contained B. coli commune. Cholecystitis was also present and over a hundred gall stones of varying size and shape were extracted. These were mostly of the nature of bile pigment and calcium salts.
The presence of numerous calculi scattered throughout the substance of the liver is an exceedingly rare pathological condition.
Tumours.
During the past year, a number of new growths have been examined. Most of these have been sent to me for diagnosis by medical men in Hongkong, and along the coast of China. The following is a list of the tumours which have been examined :-
I.-Malignant New Growths.
1. Primary Cancer of the Liver, (3 cases.)
2. Diffuse Colloid Cancer of Stomach.
3. Scirrhus Cancer of the Pylorus, (2 cases.) 4. Cancer of the Lungs, (2 cases.)
5. Cancer of Prepuce, (3 cases.)
6. Glandular Cancer of Coecum.
7. Epithelioma of Penis, (2 cases.)
8. Cancerous Metastasis in Cervical Glands.
9. Spindle-celled Sarcoma of arm.
10. Chorion-epithelioma of Uterus.
!
:
371
II.Non-Malignant New Growths.
1. Chronic inflammatory fibrous nodule of Breast.
2. Ditto of Labium Majus.
3. Papilloma of Lip, (2 cases.)
4. Fibro-adenoma of Breast.
5. Warty growth on prepuce, (non-malignant.) 6. Myoma, (uterus.)
!
Information regarding the prevalence of new growths in China is scanty, it is difficult to obtain, from the Chinese, accurate statistics in regard to the question. So far as one can gather, however, there is no reason to doubt the frequent incidence of malignant disease amongst the natives of China. Indeed my own experience would lead ine to conclude, that cancer is as frequently met with amongst the Chinese as the European. The prevalence of malignant disease in China does not fall far sliort of that found in other countries. At the same time, it must constantly be borne in mind, that Chinese suffering from new growths rarely enter hospital.
Plague.
The number of cases of plague examined post-mortem during the past year was 136. Compared with previous years, this number is exceedingly small, being even considerably less than during the previous year. The past year is conspicuous in the plague history of the Colony in that an extremely mild epidemic of the disease occurred. The condition of affairs was very similar to that obtained during 1904. In both years, therefore, a mild epidemic of plague has broken out in the Colony. What this demonstrates would be indeed difficult to show. Whether it means a temporary lull in the incidence of the disease, or a gradual and natural death of the pest, or as we might expect, the result of a successful combat with the disease from a sanitary point of view, is quite impossible to state. This, however, may be stated, that the history of ancient and modern epidemics of the disease show the futility of the preventive measures adopted from time to time to cope with the outbreak.
The following types of the disease were met with during 1905 :--
1.-Pestis Bubonica-
Left Femoral Bubo,
Right
17
Right Axillary Bubo,
Left
>>
Right Cervical Bubo, Left
Leit Inguinal Bubo, Right
""
""
II.-Pestis Septicamica, III.-Pestis Pneumonica,
34
28
9
7
5
4
4
3
94
37
5
Total....... 136
The frequency of the different types of the disease, during the epidemic, may be expresed as follows:
Pestis Bubonica,
"
Septicæmica, Pneumonica,
99
69%
27%
4%
So far as the prevalence of the different types of the disease are concerned, the experience gained from the epidemic of 1905 is practically identical with that found during previous years. The bubonic type of the disease is prevalent throughout the epidemic.
The start and finish of the outbreak are marked by the continuance of uncomplicated septicemic cases of the disease. My continued experience of plague, more and more, con- vinces me, that the exotic is, ab initio, a disease of a septicæmic nature.
372
Epizootic Plague.
With special reference to Epimuic Plague.
Throughout the past year, the examination of rats, found dead, or caught alive, has been systematically carried out.
(a.) Total No. of Victoria rats examined,
12
21
22,449
Kowloon
8,439
Total No. of Hongkong rats examined,
.30,888
942
Kowloon
508
"
""
(b.) Total No. of Victoria rats found infected,
Total No. of Hongkong rates found infected,................................1,450
Comparing these results with those of the year 1904, one finds that there is an increase in the number of rats caught by 8,981. This figure, notwithstanding the presence of a mild outbreak of plague, is very satisfactory. It shows that "rat catching" is receiving more and more support from the general public. Although a mild epidemic of plague occurred during the past year, the amount of the epizootic was considerable, the epimuic being represented by 1.450 cases, compared with 993 cases during the year 1904.
From the results obtained during the past four years, it would appear that the amount of Rat Plague, instead of diminishing, is gradually increasing. The following figures are interesting:-
1902,
1903,
1904,
1905,
Year.
No. of Rats Examined.
No. of Rats found infected.
Percentage found infected.
117,839
2,015
1.7%
101,056
3,744
3.7%
21,907
993
4.5%
30,8$8
1.450
4.7%
In addition to rats a number of other animals, sick or found dead, have been examined for the presence or absence of plague.
11 Fowls,
.All Negative.
12
3 Cats,..
2 Ducks,
2 Geese,
1. Monkey,
99
""
""
The role played by the rat in the dissemination of plague infection would appear to be gaining gradually more recognition. The continuous observations of the epimuic during the past four years, and its relation to the epidemic, has led me to believe, that, in the rat we have the fons et origo of plague infection. In 1905, although the amount of available material is small, the epizootic preceded the first cases of plague which occurred in man. Judging from my experience of former years, such a preliminary epimuic must be looked for in every endemic plague centre previous to the appearance of widespread human plague.
Again, the experience gained in Hongkong is, that the area of the epimuic is practically co-extensive with that of the epidemic, and a diminution of the former is co-incident with a fall of the latter.
The publication of my Report on Epidemic and Epizootic Plague in 1904, setting forth the important role played by rats in disseminating plague, has evoked considerable discussion both locally and elsewhere. The criticism offered has, in my opinion, been fair, and I have anxiously awaited the results of investigators in other parts of the world, who have had ample opportunities of verifying or refuting the Rat Theory of Plague Epidemics.
?
No. of
cases.
!
190
52
51
PLAGUE.
#1
43
42
41
40
39
38
13
1
Rat Plague,
Human Plague,
"
T
C
N
O
N
18
1
C
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
00 1-
เร
:
4
3
ปี
느
་-ས་
Weeks. 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29 6 13 20 27
373
The recent report, on the 4th outbreak of Plague in Sydney, by Dr. ASHBURTON THOMP- SON, is of great interest in this respect. Since this observer commenced his studies of plague epidemiology, he has been deeply impressed by the rat theory of the disease, the last report on Plague in Sydney [1904] is of importance in that, the views put forward are in perfect accord with my own. The conclusions adduced by THOMPSON are, that plague is dependent on plague rats, that there is a close relationship between the epimuic and the epidemic, and that an extermination of the rat means a staying of plague. In a city like Sydney, with a population composed mainly of whites, these results are of great value, confirming the observations made in Hongkong, under adverse circumstances, owing to the dense Chinese population and general insanitary condition of the City.
Further, my results have received confirmation in the hands of Dr. PAKES, who, in a recent exhaustive report on Plague in Witwatersrand in 1904 has demonstrated clearly the close connection between the outbreak of rat plague, and the occurrence of the epidemic. Human plague in Peru has also been traced to the occurrence of widespread epimuic plague. In a report in the Bull, de l'Inst. Pasteur. No. 21, on the prevalence of plague in Callao, special attention is directed to the role played by the rat in plague dissemination, and it is insisted that plague is not to be regarded as a very contagious or infectious disease. I have already dwelt upon this question in my special report on Plague, and drawn attention to the fact that. apart from cases of primary pneumonic plague, cases of plague may be treated successfully in the wards of a general hospital. Indeed plague patients have ben treated successfully in well ventilated rooms of their own residences, without any extension of the disease to the other inmates of the house. The reports of the various Commissions, and in particular the Indian Plague Commnission, express themselves strongly upon this point. It has even been said, that the wards of a plague hospital are the safest places during a severe epidemic.
During the past year Professor MARTIN, Director of the Lister Ir tute, London, a Member of the recent Commission, sent to India to investigate Plague, c
nunicated with
me re the Rat Theory of Plague Epidemics. I furnished him with all the details at my disposal, and from what I have heard, that Commission is devoting a considerable part of its time to the question of the rat in spreading plague, and the importance of this rodent in plague epidemiology. Their results will be awaited with considerable interest.
So far as one can gather, this theory of plague epidemics would appear to be steadily gaining ground, and it is to be hoped that with the establishment of such a theory on a firm basis, and the knowledge of the methods of communication of the infection from rats to man, our sanitary and prophylactic measures against the disease will be simplified and reduced to sound scientific principles, in a manner similar to the present-day methods of dealing with a disease like Malaria.
The results of the investigations in Witwatersrand show clearly that rats are susceptible to plague through the ingestion of infected food. That such obtains in Hongkong has been shown by me in my Report on Plague for 1904. In this Report, I noted the discovery of the B. pestis in rice, and the communication of the disease to rats by such infected food,
It is difficult to get away from the possibility that food has something to do with the spread of the disease. Ingestion is a common mode of conveyance of the infection in rats, and other animals. It remains to be proved, if such a method of infection obtains in man. Plague infected rats, through their secretions and excretions, may disseminate the B. pestis broadcast amongst articles of food used by the native. Indeed, paragraph 29 of ASHBURTON THOMPSON'S recent Report is significant in that there existed a possibility of the infection. of workmen's food by plague infected rats in plague infected places. These points, and other recently added facts in regard to the mode of infection in plague, show us, how hypothetical yet is the view that plague prevalence in epidemic form is built up of cases of direct cutaneous inoculation. In the light of many recent researches, the skin inoculation theory of plague would appear to lose much of its significance.
Domestic pets, e.g., cats, may also occasionally be of importance from the point of view of spreading plague. These animals are known to suffer from the disease, and it is most probable that they contract plague, through the ingestion of plague rats. Minor epizootics of cat plague have occurred from time to time in several endemic plague centres, including Hongkong. Recently its occurrence has also been noted in South Africa. My contention that ectozoa have little significance in the spread of plague is gradually receiving general confirmation. We possess no data at present to support the view, that micro-organisms of the bacillary form, e.g., the B. pestis, pass through a definite cycle of development in the body of an insect and that such an intermediate host is essential for the transference of the
374
disease to man. Indeed all the evidence at present is against the spread of plague by insects by inoculation, and that the mode of conveyance of protozoal diseases, e.g., malaria, is quite different from those due to micro-organisms of the well recognised types.
In regard to the question of the communication of the disease, direct from person to person. I have already pointed out in my Report on Plague, that instances of such cases- apart from pneomonic plague-must be rare indeed. In his recent Report on Plague, ASHBURTON THOMPSON deals with this point, more or less thoroughly, and the conclusions which he has formulated are practically the same as those of my own. Therefore, it would appear that plague is not "so catching" as previously insisted upon, and that during the course of different epidemics, the diffusion of the disease was not direct-from person to person-but "incidental to conditions which obtained independeutly of man." (THOMPSON).
•
The use of the Virus of DANYSZ to exterminate rats is to be regarded as signal failure in Hongkong. Our local results are in agreement with these obtained in Sydney, South Africa, and elsewhere. The majority of reliable reports pronounce this virus to be of no use.
Bacteriological Investigations.
During the past year a considerable amount of pure bacteriological work has been done. So far, no attempt has been made to prepare the more complicated vaccines and sera, e.g., the plague prophylactic, and various plague sera. It was felt that until the completion of the Bacteriological Institute, the preparation of such would be attended by considerable risk.
The amount of clinical bacteriology done during the year is greatly in excess of previous years. This applies, not only to the number of examinations carried out for various Government Medical and Sanitary Institutions of the Colony, but, also, I am glad to say, to those which have been forwarded to me by medical men in Hongkong, and neighbouring ports. It is to be hoped that, with the establishment of the Bacteriological Institute in Hongkong, as a thoroughly equipped and working institution, considerable progress will be made in regard to our knowledge of the diseases existent amongst the Chinese. Indeed, I feel convinced, that, given the co-operation of our medical and sanitary authorities in Hongkong much can be accomplished along many different lines of investigation.
1. Relapsing Fever.-One case of this disease was examined pathologically and bacte- riologically. It was not naturally acquired in the Colony but imported from a Northern port of China. This disease does not, at present, exist in the Colony. Nothing characteristic could be made out of the autopsy, but microscopically numerous examples of the specific spirochaete were found. Attempts were made by Dr. Koću and myself to cultivate these organisms outside the body. So far the results obtained have been unsatisfactory. This spirillum would appear to be allied to the genus Trypanosoma. Its exact phase has so far been undetermined. There is every reason to believe that this disease is spread by a special species of Culex Mosquito, examples of which are, in all probability, well represented in the Colony. Should further cases of the disease come before my notice, I propose to carry out investigations as to the exact position of the spirillum in protozoology and its probable insectivorous spread from man to man.
2. Malta Fever.-Throughout the past year, an outlook has been kept for cases of this disease. The malady has a wide geegraphical distribution and cases have been reported from Hongkong. The majority of the latter belong to the Naval Authorities who have imported cases from countries further West. Cases of continued and intermittent fever have been repeatedly tested for the specific serum reaction but with negative results. So far as my own personal experience is concerned, I have no knowledge of any case of Malta Fever originating in the Colony.
3. Typhoid Fever.-Over 50 cases of suspected Typhoid Fever have been examined by Widal's test during the past year. In the majority of instances, the test has been performed with blood serum obtained from in-patients of the Government Civil Hospital. In the majority of cases, a satisfactory result has been obtained. The test, like all others, is not infallible, yet remains as a valuable adjunct to the diagnosis of doubtful cases of the disease.
4. Diphtheria.-A few cases of the disease were found during the year. The usual tests were made, namely, cultivation of a swab smear on blood serum with subsequent microscopic examination of the growth after applying various tests, e.g., Gram's method, Neisser's stain, etc. This disease would not appear to be common in Hongkong. On the
*
375
M
other hand, cases of acute pharyngitis, follicular and non-specific tonsillitis, are among the common diseases of the Colony. I have repeatedly been asked to decide as to the presence or absence of the B. diphtheriæ in such cases-an important result from the point of view of treatment.
5. Experiments with Formalin as a Gaseous Disinfectant.-In the past gaseous disinfect- ion was in great favour and deemed to be the most radical method of dealing with outbreak of epidemic disease. Such an idea was firmly clung to, owing to the prevalence at that time, of the theories of contagion and miasma. Now-a-days with the change in our con- ception of the spread of infectious disease, it becomes obvious that gaseous disinfection is not so reliable as formerly believed. Indeed there is good reason to believe that it is not of much value.
During the past year, Dr. PEARSE, the Medical Officer of Health, carried out several experiments in regard to the efficiency of formalin gas as a reliable germicide. Within recent years this gas has come into general favour as a gaseous disinfectant. The micro- organisms used by Dr. PEARSE for his experiments were supplied by me and the different tests arranged for in the following way. Sterile Petri's plates were smeared with different micro-organisms. These were exposed for varying lengths of time to the action of the gas. Thereafter the plates were forwarded to me, and the necessary bacteriological test applied.. In the majority of instances the plates were found to be sterile, thus showing that Formalin' gas, when used in the laboratory, was efficient as a germicide.
In addition to these experiments several other tests were made by myself, in order to show whether we possess, in Formalin, a disinfectant of great value. The results of my enquiry into the question show that, although the general results of experimentation prove Formalin to be an excellent germicide when tested in the laboratory, much doubt exists as to the efficiency of the gas when used for general house disinfection. The condition of affairs. obtainable in the laboratory is by no means comparable to that found in actual practice. The factors which bring about such a failure in the efficiency of gaseous disinfection in general practice, would appear to be the following
(1.) In a room to be disinfected, about 60-80 per cent. of the disinfecting gas is
lost.
(2.) An important factor is the difference between the specific gravity of the gas
and the air in the room.
(3.) It is almost impossible to obtain an equal distribution of the gas.
(4.) Micro-organisms, in the dry condition can scarcely be killed by a gaseous disinfectant Moisture must be present. Formalin, although the fashion- able gaseous disinfectant of the present day, fails in a good many ways as a disinfectant.
It is one of the best inhibitors of the multiplication of germ life, even in albuminous. solutions. Unfortunately, however, it is but a meagre bactericidal agent. Again, it has an advantage over many gaseous disinfectants in that its specific gravity is approximately that of the air, thus ensuring an intimate admixture of gas and air. However, such valuable property as this is completely counterbalanced by the fact, that Formalin gas has practically no power of penetration; thus it can be used for surface disinfection only.
With these remarks it is evident that Formalin, although highly commended as the- result of laboratory experiments must yield us unsatisfactory results when used for general house disinfection owing to its limited bactericidal powers and its failure to penetrate beyond the surface of any article requiring thorough disinfection.
6. The Strength of Disinfectants.-During the past year, a considerable amount of attention has been given to the question of disinfectants (chemical). Quite a number of these fluids have been examined bacteriologically in order to estimate their carbolic acid co- efficiency, with the hope of arriving at some conclusion as to the most efficient disinfectant which may be used in conjunction with general cleansing.
Up to the present time, great confusion has constantly arisen as to the warranty of the efficacy of a chemical disinfectant. It may be said that there exists no proper official con- trol over the sale of such disinfectants, a condition of affairs likely, at some time, to lead to a false sense of security on the part of the general public, who only too readily fortify them- selves against plague and other infectious diseases, by the liberal use of some disinfectant in their immediate surroundings. Disinfectants, as sold by different manufacturers, have no proper guarantee of their potency. They all vary in their germicidal power, and different samples of the same disinfectant are known to give very varying bacteriological results. During the past three years, an entirely new test for the bacterial determination of the
376
efficiency of a disinfectant has become widely adopted. The principle of this method is that the strength of a particular disinfectant is expressed in multiples of pure phenol, performing the same work. In this way a ratio is obtained which is now well known as the " Carbolic Acid Co-efficiency of the Disinfectant."
The following disinfecting fluids were submitted to me by the Secretary of the Sanitary Board for examination as to their co-efficiency:
1. Carbolated Créasote.
2. Jeye's Fluid.
3. Cyllin [2 samples].
3. Blackhead's Disinfecting Fluid, [2 samples].
Rideal and Walker's method of estimating the co-efficiency was used. The micro- organisms used for the different tests were :-
1. B. Typhosus.
2. B. Coli Commune.
3. B. Pestis.
These organisms were grown in broth culture for at least 24 hours at a temperature of 37° C. and then mixed with varying proportions of the particular disinfectant, a standard solution of carbolic acid being used in addition. After the culture had been exposed to the action of the disinfectant for a definite time, sub-cultivation was made from the mixture in order to determine whether the particular strength of the disinfectant had been efficient as a germicide. It is quite unnecessary in the present Report to give in detail a number of tables indicating the method by which the carbolic acid co-efficient of each disinfectant towards each particular micro-organism was obtained. One example will suffice in order to demonstrate my method.
Carbolated Creasote.
Table I.
B. Typhosus, 24 Hours Broth Culture at 37° C.
Sample.
Dilution.
Time limit of Exposure.
A
2
Sub-cultures.
Minutes.
Period of Incubation.
Temperature
10
5
7
10
1 in 100.
X
1 in 200.
Carbolated Creasote,
1 in 300.
1 in 500.
X
X
X
Carbolic Acid,
I in 100.
X
X
X
:
X
48 hours.
37°C.
Carbolic Acid Co-efficient=3.
Table II.
B. Coli, 24 Hours Broth Culture, at 37°C.
Time limit of Exposure.
Sample.
Dilution.
99
"
""
A
""
Sub-cultures.
Minutes.
Period of Incubation.
Temperature.
2
57
10
1 in 100.
X
:
Carbolated Creasote,
I in 200.
X
1 in 400.
Carbolic Acid,
1 in 100.
X
X
X
X
:
..
Carbolic Acid Co-efficient=2.
48 hours.
37°C.
""
27
377
Table III.
B. Pestis, 24 Hours Broth Culture, at 37°C.
Time limit of Exposure.
Sample.
Dilution.
I in 100.
X
I in 200.
Carbolated Creasote,
1 in 400.
1 in 800.
1 in 1000.
Carbolic Acid,
Minutes.
X
X
:
:
х
:
Sub-cultures.
Period of Incubation.
¡Temperature.
10
:
:
:
48 hours.
37°C.
་་
""
59
1 in 100.
.. Carbolic Acid Co-efficient=8.
In regard to the other disinfectants, the same method was employed. It will be neces- sary therefore to give the tables in full. The following Carbolic Acid Co-efficients were .obtained :-
Micro-organism. B. Typhosus,
B. Coli,
Jeyes' Fluid.
C. A. Co-efficient.
2
2
B. Pestis,.
7 or 8 (?)
Cyllin, [2 samples].
Micro-organism.
C. A. Co-efficient.
No. 1.
No. 2.
B. Typhosus,
9
B. Coli.
8
8
B. Pestis,
..15
20
Blackhead's Fluid, [2 samples].
Micro-organism.
C. A. Co-efficient.
No. 1.
No. 2.
B. Typhosus,
2
B. Coli,
B. Pestis,
2
6
6
In conclusion, it is difficult, indeed well nigh impossible to obtain a means of disinfec- tion likely to be effectual in removing the germs of disease from our surroundings. The results, which have been obtained locally, and elsewhere, founded upon years of thorough application of the different means at our disposal for the eradication of plague and other infectious diseases, are not encouraging, and it is a matter of speculation at present, whether, apart from general cleansing, the employment of expensive chemical mixtures offers us a better chance of stamping out bacterial diseases. Of chemical disinfect- ants, their number is legion, and when tested in the laboratory against the gerins of disease, prove very effectual in their action. Some are more so than others, but no greater mistake can be made to expect such chemical preparations to exert the same efficiency in general house-to-house cleansing and disinfection. It is upon these and other grounds that one is rendered very sceptical as to encouraging wholesale expenditure upon expensive prepara-
tions.
7. Trachoma amongst the Chinese. This disease is well worthy of a special enquiry in Hongkong. Its ravages amongst the Chinese are well known. Trachoma, which in the past has wrought such havoc amongst large collections of human beings, e.g., in 1499. when Louis VIII entered Naples and in 1798 when Napoleon Bonaparte won the battle of
378
the Pyramids, and other notable instances. still baffles the expert pathologist and bacte- riologist. All that is known is that the disease is an infectious, chronic, granulomatous affection of the conjunctiva. Its bacteriology is still in a state of chaos. Several cases have been examined by me but so far nothing definite has been obtained. Cocci of various kinds, Koch-Weeks bacillus, Gonococci, etc., have been found present in trachomatous eyes, but none of these micro-organisms, can, in my opinion, be brought into causal relationship with the disease. The idea, that trachoma is a chronic inflammatory process to be traced to acute gonorrhoeal blenorrhoea has but little to support it. Indeed, in the light of our modern knowledge of the M. gonorrhoeae, such a pathological condition would appear to be out of the question. The causal significance of Raehlmanu's bacteria is still a matter of considerable dispute. It has often been my intention to avail myself of the excellent opportunities afforded for a thorough study of the disease which is so prevalent in Hong- kong, but up to the present, circumstances have prevented me from investigating the subject thoroughly. I trust, however, to have better chances of examining the disease after the starting of the Bacteriological Institute.
The Vaccine Institute.
During the year 1905, the preparation and distribution of small-pox vaccine was efficiently maintained. Apart from the regular supply of vaccine lymph to Government Medical Departments and Chinese Hospitals and Public Vaccinators, a very considerable number of tubes has been sold to the outside public. Indeed the number of such tubes sold to the general public during the past year, amounts to 4,393, a figure exceeding by thousands the number of tubes issued during any previous year since the establishment of the Institute. Such a result speaks well for the popularity of the lymph, and with the future as assuredness of a constant and potent supply of vaccine in Hongkong, a consider- able revenue ought to be forthcoming. During the past year, nearly $1,500 were paid into the Bank.
It is anticipated that in the near future, with the establishment of the Bacteriological Institute, this figure will duplicate on triplicate itself.
The following figures show the extent of the work done during the past year:-
1.-Number of Calves inoculated,
2.-Expenditure in Calves,.
3.-Number of Tubes prepared,
4.-Value of 1905 Lymph,..
5.-Number of Tubes issued,
6.-Value of Tubes issued,
7.-Tubes issued free of charge,
8.-Value of Tubes issued free of charge,
9.-Tubes paid for,
10.-Value of Tubes paid for,
21
$150.00
6,703 $3,351.50
7,638 $2,708.00
3,245
$1,223.00
4,393 $1,485.00
These figures show the following increase in the value of the work done during the
year 1905:
1.) An increase in the number of Tubes prepared by (2.) An increase in the value of the Lymph by (3.) An increase in the number of Tubes issued by (4.) An enormous increase in the number of Tubes paid for by (5.) An increase of Revenue paid into the Bank by
1,419 $709.00
750
2,209
$711.50
Out of 21 calves inoculated, two died, and three failed to react. The cause of death of the two calves was a form of septicemia, which developed within twenty-four hours after the admission of the animals to the Institute.
Up to the present time, it has always been the custom to manufacture the lymph during the colder seasons of the year. Such a practice was necessitated owing to the difficulties experienced in the production of the vaccine during the warm weather. It is hoped, however, that with the establishment of the Bacteriological Institute, that it will be possible to maintain an efficient supply of potent lymph throughout the whole year, a state- of preparedness which will enable us to deal at once with any unforeseen outbreak of small- pox. During the last quarter of the past year, considerable difficulty was experienced in. maintaining the supply of buffalo calves for inoculation purposes. On investigation, this was found to be due, not to a dearth of animals within the bounds of the Colony, but to the reluctance on the part of the Chinese owner to part with his animal until he was paid
A
;
*
379
"cash
This system of cash payment for calves has now been adopted and so far as one can gather will do away with the ever-recurring difficulties of the past, namely, the apparent scarcity of calves for inoculation. The animals are bought outright from the owner, an average sum of $25 being paid for each calf. They are inoculated, the vaccine collected, and the animals are re-sold after their recovery for an average of $10 each. It is estimated that about $120 clear profit is to be made out of each calf if purchased and re-sold according to the present method.
Issues of Vaccine during 1905.
Vaccine paid for,
The Victoria Gaol................
The Tung Wal Hospital,.
The Civil Hospital,
The Alice Hospital,
The New Territory,
The Public Vaccinators,
The Sanitary Board,
Total,..
.4,393
.1,075
950
550
424
..
100
90
56
.7,638
As is well known, the lymph, as obtained from the calf, contains numerous extraneous micro-organisms. As the latter are capable of occasioning untoward symptoms in the individual vaccinated, and at the same time vitiating an otherwise completely successful vaccination, many methods have been advocated, and even adopted, by different manufac- turers, in order to supply the general public with a reliable and germ-free vaccine virus. The method which has been most widely adopted, is the intimate mixture of glycerine with the freshly drawn lymph and pulp. This process has obtained general acceptance, and glycerinated calf lymph is known to give good and more or less uniform results. It would appear, however, that the use of glycerine as a germicide in the production of pure calf lymph, has several disadvantages, especially in tropical countries. This may be summarised
as follows:-
(1.) Considerable care has to be taken in order to keep up the efficiency of the vaccine. As is well known the specific action of the virus of the vaccine is weakened by the use of glycerine. Further, in tropical countries, this action of the glycerine would appear to be exerted more strongly. As has already been noted in my previous Reports, glycerinated vaccine lymph as prepared in Hongkong, only retains its virulence for a month or six weeks. (2.) Vaccine lymph which has been glycerinated cannot be used for the general purposes of human vaccination until it has been kept in reserve for at least a month or six weeks. It has been estimated that this period or even longer must elapse before the majority of the extraneous micro-organisms has been destroyed.
(3.) The use of glycerine as a purifier of the vaccine virus is applicable only to organisms of a non-sporing nature. Resisting spore-bearing germs would not appear to be materially restrained in the multiplication in glycerinated lymph, and might become a fruitful source of danger to those vaccinated. Tetanus, and other diseases, have been known to occur after vaccination, the causal agent having been simultaneously introduced subcutaneously with the vaccine lymph.
These, and indeed other objections are applicable to the general employment of glyceri- nated calf lymph. In the tropics, such disadvantages become even more real. Vaccine is often requisitioned for urgently. It will not keep during the hot weather. If mixed with glycerine it has to inature for at least six weeks. Glycerinated calf lymph-so far as past experience in Hongkong teaches us-does not guarantee a constant and reliable source of protection. It would appear to be of great importance to have at our disposal a rapid method of obtaining a germ free lymph.
Up to the present time, many methods of preparing vaccine lymph have been advocated.
The majority have as their object the manufacture of a good strain of vaccine in the shortest time possible.
380
The biological method of CALMETTE and GUERIN, namely, the rapid destruction of all extraneous germs in glycerinated calf lymph by the incubation of the latter at the body temperature for a varying period of time has now been shown to give too untrustworthy results for its adoption in general practice.
The potassium cyanide method of GAYLORD and WHEELER would appear to have been almost entirely disregarded, owing to the weakening action which this salt exerts upon the vaccine virus itself.
The chloroform method of GREEN has lately received a considerable amount of atten- tion. It is claimed that this process is capable of rendering a vaccine lymph germ free, so far as non-sporing micro-organisms are concerned within an exceedingly short time.
In the hands of competent authorities, calf lymph so prepared gives exceedingly const- ant results, and insures us of obtaining a potent supply of vaccine within a day or two. Indeed so favourable are the reports upon this modification of the preparation of the virus, that it is proposed during the following year, to conduct experiments, with a view to obtaining an efficient supply of lymph on the shortest notice.
It may be incidentally noted, that the behaviour of vaccine lymph towards the action of glycerine, heat, chloroform, potassium cyanide, etc., is a strong point in favour of the view that the causal agent of vaccinia is not of a bacterial nature.
Scientific Publications prepared during the Year.
1. A case of acute Endocarditis due to the Micro-coccus Gonorrhaal.-Published in the British Medical Journal- March, 1905.
In this paper particular attention was directed to the infectious nature of the Gono- coccus. Within recent years, many proofs have been forthcoming to establish the fact that this micro-organism, in addition to being the usual exciting agent of infective urethritis, may reach the general blood stream and set up metaslatic disease. The Gonococcus may be regarded as an occasional exciting agent of Septicænia.
2. Plague in Cats.-Published in the Lancet.-April, 1905.
In this publication, the followings facts were established :—
(a.) Cats may suffer from plague.
(b.) Cat plague may be acute or chronic.
(c.) The type of disease is septicæmic.
(d.) Cats may occasionally play a part in the dissemination of plague infection. (e.) In plague infected districts, possible plague infection in cats is of great
importance from a domestic point of view.
(f.) In plague infected areas, cats probably become infected through plague rats
and mice, which they devour as food.
3. The Incidence of Disease in Hongkong.-Published in the Journal of Tropical Medicine-May, 1905.
In this paper, my attention was directed to the prevalence of different forms of disease in the Colony. The incidence of exotics, like plague and cholera, was summarised as briefly as possible, and conclusions, based upon my experience of these diseases in Hong- kong, were drawn as to the best means of their eradication.
4. The Spread of Plague Infection by Insects.-Published in the Centralblatt für Bakteriologie.-November, 1905.
381
+
In this paper, the following conclusions were drawn :-
(a.) Insects
may
harbour the B. pestis.
(b.) Insects, containing plague bacilli, may be the means of disseminating these
germs over indefinite areas.
(c.) The part played by suctorial insects, e.g.,. fleas, bugs, etc., in the spread of
plague, is similar, in all respects, to that of non-suctorial insects, namely, the mechanical conveyance of the infection from place to place.
(d.) The dangers attributed to the bites of suctorial insects, in the spread of
infectious disease, e.g., plague, would appear to be exaggerated.
(e.) In all probability, the spread of all infectious diseases, e.g., plague, cholera,
typhoid fever, etc., by insects is accomplished only indirectly.
(f.) The deposition of the B. pestis by insects on foods, clothing, bousehold utensils, etc., is bound to occur in plague infected areas, and this factor is one of no mean epidemiological importance.
5. The Prophylaxis and Prevention of Plague.-Published in The Journal of Pre- ventive Medicine.--November, 1905.
In this paper, the following measures were considered necessary in order to deal effec- tively with the disease.
A.-General Prophylaxis.
(a.) The limitation of actual quarantine.
(6.) The avoidance of dogmatic rules and standing orders for health officers.
(c.) The individual treatment of each case according to its merits.
(d.) The employment of competent ship doctors.
(e.) The employment of skilled port health officers, well versed in quarantine matters. These officers, in order to overcome the many duties of their office, should devote the whole of their time to this work.
(f.) The medical examination of passengers and crews of ships in plague infected
ports.
(g.) The medical control over cargo and merchandise from plague infected ports. (h.) The destruction of rats on board ship.
B.-Special Prophylaxis.
•
(a.) The sanitary control of areas supposed to be infected.
(b.) An early recognition of the disease, which is attained through
(1.) Compulsory post-mortem examinations.
(2.) Immediate notification of all cases to the sanitary authorities.
(3.) Systematic search in infected districts and neighbourhood for other cases
of the disease and sources of infection.
(4.) The bacteriological examination of rats.
5.) The provision of opportunities for the study of the disease from all
points of view.
(c.) The isolation of infected persons.
(d.) The medical supervision of relations and contacts.
(e.) The provision of segregation camps.
(f.) Wholesale measures for the destruction of rats and other vermin.
(g.) The education of the people, especially in regard to cleanliness, cooking of
food, boiling of water, etc.
(h.) Skilled veterinarian supervision of all food supplies.
(i.) The thorough disinfection of all infected foci.
(.) The thorough cleansing of non-infected districts.
382
Much more research would appear to be required before one could sefely include, and recommend in the above list, protective inoculation and the employment of the various plague sera advocated.
6. A Case of Chorion Epithelioma.-(Jointly with Dr. BELL, Superintendent of the Government Civil Hospital, Hongkong) published in the Lancet.-October, 1905.
A piece of the growth was removed and examined microscopically. The following is my Report:-Microscopically the piece of tissue submitted for examination was not unlike placental tissue. It was soft and spongy and full of blood. Histologically the tissue was found to be made up of areas of free hæmorrhage, blood sinuses, and a peculiar parenchyma. No definite stroma was found. The greater portion of the mass was composed of extravasated blood, and as a result of this, copious masses of blood pigment were found in certain areas of the tissue, particularly in the areas of free hæmorrhage, but also in the parenchyma. The blood sinuses were abundant. They varied in size, possessed delicate endothelial tunics, and were packed full of the formed elements of the blood. The parenchyma pos- sessed a characterisic histogenesis and led me to the diagnosis. At first sight certain parts resembled a small round celled and rapidly growing sarcoma, but this, on more careful examination proved to be largely composed of leucocytic accumulations, in which were found phagocytes, polyhedral cells, large epithelioid cells, and diffuse plasmodium-like structures. The polyhedral cells arranged themselves into alveoli. The large epithelioid cells some resembling giant cells were scattered throughout the parenchyma, arranged sometimes singly, sometime in small groups. They contained nuclei, varying in number, and endow- ment with chromatin. The diffuse plasmodial masses were few in number, but contained many nuclei.
The most typical forms arranged themselves into a network containing the polyhedral cells and leucocytic accumulations already referred to. In certain sections of the tissue, evidence of a hyaline metamorphosis was noted. From the histological appearance, I am of opinion that the tissue is a rapidly growing chorion-epithelioma. The various contained tissue elements, especially the parenchyma, and their arrangement, are characteristic. The plasmodial masses are of the type of a well defined syncytium. These were few in number, but this is probably due to the sub-division of the syncytial masses into immense epithelioid cells with large nuclei. Such a metamorphosis is not infrequent in certain forms of chorion-epithelioma.
7. A Case of Suppurative Cholangitis.-(Jointly with Dr. HARSTON, Hongkong,) published in the British Medical Journal.-November, 1905.
The clinical course of this case was carefully described by Dr. HARSTON.
After death, a post-mortem examination was held and the liver forwarded to me for a special report. This was done as thoroughly as possible owing to the rarity of the disease, and the interest attached to the pathological changes found in the liver, and the features which distinguish these appearances from multiple abscesses of the liver. The following is my Report:-The post-mortem examination of this case was conducted by Dr. HARSTON. I have no know- ledge of the condition of the other organs and tissues of the body. On receipt of the liver, I found that the gall bladder had been opened and washed, the organ sectioned, and not com- pletely intact. It was, therefore, impossible to obtain accurately the weight of the organ.
The
The liver was generally enlarged. It was increased in specific gravity. Its consistence was tough and leathery. It was jaundiced. It did not appear to be much congested. The general contour of the organ was maintained. On section of the liver, a remarkable appear- ance was found. Studded throughout the entire right lobe, were rounded areas. of a yellow colour. These varied in size, from a millet seed to a pea. Many had a deeply pigmented centre. Surrounding these areas, there was a narrow zone of a deep brownish colour. remaining cut surface of the organ was that of a jaundiced liver with commencing inter- lobular cirrhosis. An examination of the yellow areas, more in detail, showed that they were not equally distributed throughout the right lobe. They were most abundant in the neighbourhood of the main portal, hepatic, and biliary channels. In the intervening hepatic parenchyma, they were few and seattered. These areas were further examined as to their relation to the parenchyma of the liver, to their consistency, and their microscopic appearance and bacterial composition.
They bore no direct relation to the actual hepatic parenchyma. They could be picked out en masse, leaving a hollow or space with roughened but hard and fibrous walls. The- consistence of that masses varied. Some were pultaceous; others were hard and gritty. To touch, the harder masses were like small peas, and could be thrown about without much-
383
damage to their form. Microscopically, the softer masses were composed of fibrin, hepatic dect epithelium, pus corpuscles and a variable amount of bilirubin pigment.
The harder masses were made up of a hyalin looking material, in which traces of fibrin, pus corpuscles, etc., could be scen. In the meshes of this material, appreciable quantities of bilirubin calcium were found. Bacteriologically nothing definite could be obtained, owing to the fact that an examination of the body could not be made until about twenty-four hours after death. B. coli commune was found in large numbers. With this organism, however, numerous other extraneous bacteria were present.
The zones of a deep brown colur, immediately surrounding the yellow areas, presented the following microscopic appearance. The areas of tissue nearest to the yellow masses were composed of young proliferating connective tissue and hepatic duct epithelium. The changes found were typical as regards a chronic inflammation of the walls of the hepatic duct and its ramifications.
Immediately outside this zone of newly-formed tissue, a narrow band of degenerated hepatic parenchyma was found. Large quantities of bile pigment were deposited in this narrow band of newly-forined tissue and in and around the degenerated liver cells. Apart from these changes, the microscopic examination of the liver substance showed marked interlobular increase of connective tissue, and the presence of pronounced paracholia. The case is clearly one of infective cholangitis. The causal agent, in this particular case, would be difficult to prove. Usually the B. coli commune is found to be the root of the evil, but, as FRAENKEL and KRAUSE have recently pointed out, Streptococci, Pneumococci, and even the Typhoid bacillus, may be agents at work in the production of different pathological conditions in the liver.
Cholangitis usually runs the course of a septic infection. Clinically, it behaves like a case of multiple abscess of the liver. Pathologically, however, the lesions would appear to be distint. The following are points of agreement and difference:
They agree in the following points--
1. There is general congestion of the liver in the early stages. 2. There is general enlargement of the liver. 3. There is the presence of pus.
They differ, however, as follows:-
Multiple Abscess of the Liver.
1. A hepatic parenchyma change.
2. There is initial necrosis.
3. Necrosis is followed by pus.
4. Areas of necrosis are ill defined.
5. Walls of abscesses are rugged and rotten
in appearance.
6. The pus is usually amoebic.
Infective Cholangitis.
1. A hepatic duct change.
2. There is inflammation.
3. Inflammation is followed by pus.
4. Areas of pus confined in hepatic ducts.
5. The walls are well defined and not
necrotic.
6. The pus in usually bacteriological.
384
Appendix.
REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER IN CHARGE OF THE
PUBLIC MORTUARY, KOWLOON.
During the year 802 post-mortems were made.
These were divided as follows:-
January,
50
May,
106
September,
47
February,
-50
June,
106
October,
62
March,
56
July,
119
November,
46
April,
57
August,
46
December,
47
It will be noticed that the totals are almost doubled during May, June and July, and as 73.17% of the total plague cases diagnosed in the mortuary, occurred, evenly distributed through these months, it seems probable that this disease is mainly responsible for the increase, and that many of the cases escape recognition, owing to decomposition being advanced. During these months 0 cases were returned as too decomposed for diagnosis It is, of course, practically impossible to find the Bacillus Pestis, once decomposition sets in.
A similar increase took place in May, 1904.
The following figures may be of interest :-
Autopsies on Males, Autopsies on Females, Sex unknown,
-489-61%.
-288-36%. =25-3%.
4.
It has been stated that female children are more frequently found dumped" than males.. The figures obtained during the past year do not show any marked preponderance of females, the difference being probably due to natural causes only.
Males under 1 year, 85-43.36%.
Females under 1 year,=111=56·64%.
The following Table shows the number and percentage of bodies found "dumped” during the past two years :-
Year.
Number of Bodies Examined.
1904,
675
1905,
802
Found on Street, In Harbour or on
Hill Side or Vacant Ground.
252
267
the Foreshore.
Total per cent.
Dumped.
155
60-29
182
55.71
Of the 82 cases of Plague returned, 27 or 33.75 per cent. were found dumped.
The following is the return of the causes of leath:—
1. Total General Diseases,
2. Total Local Diseases,
(a.) of the Nervous
304
.281
Systemi,.
1
(b.)
Circulatory
39
(c.)
Respiratory
205
**
(d.)
""
Digestive
11
:)
(e.)
,་
Urinary
16
??
·(g.)
(f.
Ductless Glands,
3. Total Injuries, .
4. Decomposed bodies,
Generative
8.
Total,........
1
....
30 .187
802
**
385
Table I.-GENERAL DISEASES.
Small-pox, Plague :-
28
Bubonic,
.....73
Septicæmic,.
9
Total Plague,
82
Enteric,
Diarrhoea (cause unknown),
Dysentery,
Beri-beri,
Malaria,
Septicæmia..
Peurperal fever,
Syphilis,
Acute General Tuberculosis,
Still-birth,
Marasmus,
Distomiasis,.
Table II.-LOCAL DISEASES,
(a.) Of the Nervous System:
Meningitis,
b.) Of the Circulatory System :—
Acute Fibrinous Pericarditis,
Aneurism of Aorta,.
Acute Endocarditis,
Valvular disease of the Heart,
Fatty Degeneration of the Heart,. Thrombosis of Portal vein,
(c.) Of the Respiratory System :- Acute Bronchitis,. Chronic Bronchitis, Congenital Atelectasis, Gangrene of Lung,
Abscess of Lung,..
Acute Lobar Pneumonia,
Broncho-pneumonia,
Phthisis,
Acute Pleurisy,
4
..11
2
.22
.74
1
4
1
.14
.16
64
1
1
2
1
20
6
I
2
2
1
...
1
2
62
63
64
5
1
1
Empyema,
Emphysema,.
Cancer of Lung,
(d.) Of the Digestive System:-
Intestinal Obstruction,..
Intussusception,
Appendicitis (Septic),
Strangulated Inguinal Hernia, Acute Peritonitis,
Acute Yellow Atrophy of Liver, Abscess of Liver,..
Cirrhosis of Liver,
e.) Of the Urinary System :-
Acute Parenchymatous Nephritis, Chronic Interstitial Nephritis,.... Tubercular Kidney,
Pyonephrosis,
Peri-nephritic Abscess,
....
1
1
1
2
2
Ι
2
1
00 10
8
5
1
1
·
1
(f) of the Generative System :-
Accidental Hæmorrhage,. Post-Partum Hæmorrhage,. Salpingo-Oophoritis,
(g.) Of the Ductless Glands :
Peri-Splenic Abscess,
1. General :-Multiple,
386
Table III-INJURIES.
143
1
3
Suffocation :—
(a.) From Submersion,
11
(b.) From Strangulation,
2
(c.) From Gaseous Poisons,
1
2. Local:-
Of the Head:-
Fracture of Skull,
Gunshot wound of Skull,
6
1
Of the Chest :--
Stab wounded of Heart,
1
Of the Abdomen:-
Rupture of Spleen,
Rupture of Intestine,
1
1
Of the Limbs :
Wound of Femoral Artery,
1
Table IV.-NATIONALITY OF BODIES BROUGHT TO THE PUBLIC MORTUARY,
KOWLOON, DURING THE YEAR.
Chinese,
Europeans,
Indians,.
Eurasian,
;
.793
5
3
1
802
WILLIAM B. A. MOORE.
:
部
387
Annexe K.
REPORT OF THE GOVERNMENT ANALYST.
CLASSIFICATION OF ANALYSES.
The number of analyses performed was 618.
The following classification shows the nature of the work done:—
I.-Chemico-legal.
Toxicological, (including 12 stomachs),.
Articles for stains,
No. of Articles
examined.
42
64
II.-Potable Waters.
Public Supplies,
Wells, etc.,
48
42
III.-Dangerous Goods Ordinance.
Petroleum Oil,
...168
Liquid fuel,
Rackarock,
15
1
....
Matches,
15
•
Chartreuse, Brandy, Flour, Lemonade,
Milk, Whisky, Rum,
Soda Water,
Beer,
Butter,
Cement,. Mortars, Paint,
•
IV-Food and Drugs Ordinance.
V.-Building Materials.
1
7
2
2
62
7
4
3
12
9
18
3
5
Opium covering,
VI.-Prepared Opium Ordinance.
Opium Pills,.
Metals,
Ores,
1
7
VII.-Mineralogical, etc.
3
35
VIII.-Miscellaneous.
Coal-tar disinfectants,
6
Oils,..
3
Medicines,
Soft Soap,
Candles,....
Wall Coverings,
Paper,
Liquid, Blanket, Turpentine, Blood, Guttapercha, Cable, Mud,-
one each,
One meter, two meter-waters, three powders,
3
5
2
2
8
7
6
618
!
388
In
2. Among the chemico-legal investigations conducted during the year were 18 cases of suspected human poisoning, in six of which opium was detected. another case the poison found was prussie acid.
WATERS.
3. The results of the analyses of samples taken each month from the Pokfulum and Tytam Reservoirs, from the Kowloon service, and Cheung Sha Wan supply, indicate that these supplies continue to maintain their excellent qualities. From
time to time waters from places in China have been sent for examination. When- ever such have been proved to be unwholesome, a recommendation has been made (when no good source has been available), that the polluted water should not be used for potable purposes until after boiling, and in time of epidemic should be rendered still more safe by conversion after boiling into lemon water. For doubt- ful water another purifier has recently been receiving attention. This agent is copper, a minute quantity of which has been shown by several observers to be efficacious in destroying cholera and typhoid bacilli in water. At the same time
the quantity of copper used is so small as to be quite tasteless and in no way dele- terious to the systein. KRAEMER, writing in the "Chemical News" of August 4th, 1905, states that to obtain sterilised water he places a strip of clean sheet copper, nine inches square in three to four quarts of water and allows it to remain from four to eight hours, and then pours off the water. He mentions that such coppered water has been consumed by himself and by several families for more than six months with no injurious effect whatever. KRAEMER's paper also mentions that when copper foil is allowed to remain in distilled water from one to five minutes, it has been shown that sufficient copper is dissolved to kill typhoid organisms within two hours. Some experiments have been made in this laboratory so as to see whether this simple process can be recommended to those who by stress of circumstance or situation are in doubt about their water supply.
The following results expressed in grains per gallon, were obtained with water of various qualities using sheet copper in the proportion of 80 square inches to one gallon :-
Distilled water after five minutes' treatment was found to contain th of a grain of copper. Four waters of undoubted purity after four hours' treatment each contained th of a grain, and after 20 hours th of a grain of copper. Two bad waters contained th and 12th of a grain, respectively, after eight hours and 4th and 4th of a grain after 24 hours. It will therefore be seen that if copper be used in the proportion above stated, and allowed to remain in any water from four to eight hours, there is no fear of the presence of a poisonous amount of copper. The copper sheet must be bought from a European house as pure copper. Chinese yellow metal should not be used..
Copper should be very useful in this Colony for vegetables. KRAEMER places the lettuce, celery, or other vegetables to be eaten raw, in a vessel of water con- taining a strip of copper, for two to four hours with occasional agitation,
A good deal has been written by many observers on the effect of copper on inan, and those interested should read the paper mentioned above, but it may be said that it has been shown conclusively, that no ill effects have been noticed or are likely to be noticed from the consumption of water or vegetables treated as directed by copper. A personal use of such water for about a fortnight was un- dertaken to see whether there were any effects that might be worthy of notice. But the treated and untreated water were indistinguishable in taste, appearance, and palatability, and in all other essential properties.
4. Enquiries have been made as to the suitability for boiler purposes of certain waters in the Colony. Such waters although extremely soft contain a small quan- tity of silica, and it was desirable to ascertain what effect, if any, was produced on iron. Generally speaking, it may be said that all fresh water here, other than some well-waters, are very suitable for boilers.
In one particular boiler, filtered Tytam water had been used for more than 10 years, and so little had the irou of the boiler been affected, that in some places it had retained its original bloom.
N
·
389
In Tables I and II will be found particulars of the monthly analyses of the public supplies, and of other waters.
DANGEROUS GOODS ORDINANCE.
5. Of Petroleum Oil, 168 samples were tested during the year. All the samples of liquid fuel flashed at temperatures exceeding 150° F.
FOOD AND DRUGS ORDINANCE.
6. The following Table gives the results of 76 analyses made at the instance of the Police and the Sanitary Board :-
Description.
Beer, Brandy,
Milk,
Rum, Whisky,
No. of Samples.
No. found Genuine.
No. found Adulterated.
12
12
1
1
A
53
46
7
4
6
46
4
6
Many other samples were examined for the public, at the low fee prescribed by the Ordinance.
EXAMINATIONS FOR THE PUBLIC.
7. The public continue to take advantage of the Laboratory being open to undertake non-official analyses, and have forwarded a great variety of samples for examination. The fees paid into the Treasury during the year amounted to $3,118.50.
SPECIAL REPORTS.
8. Special Reports have been supplied on :-
Disinfectants.
Soft soap. Rice.
Registration of Chemists.
Disinfection of blood.
Dangerous goods :-Naphtha, Rackarock, Detonators, Calcium
carbide, l'icric acid and others.
The Prepared Opium Ordinance.
Viavi remedies.
Smoke.
Sale of Poisons.
9. The value of the year's work as determined from the tariff of fees (Govern- ment Notification No. 664 of 1901) is $7,912.50. This amount does not include anything for the special reports mentioned above, and there is much beside for which nothing has been set down.
LIBRARY.
10. A few standard works of reference have been added.
FRANK BROWNE, PH. CH., F.C.S.
390
Table I. Result of the Monthly Analyses of Hongkong Public Water Supplies.
Results expressed in Grains per Imperial Gallon, (1 in 70,000).
Total Solid!
1905.
Matter
Supply.
Month.
dried at 100° C.
Saline Chlorine. Ammo-
nia.
Albume- noid Ammo-
nia.
Oxygen absorbed in 4 hours at 80° F.
Nitrites.
in Nitrates.
Nitrogen Sugar Test for
the detection of Sewage.
Poi-
sonous Metals.
Pokfulum
6.5
.6
Absent. Absent.
.010
Absent. .008
No trace of
Absent.
Sewage indicated.
January... Kowloon
Tytam
2.4
2.9
10 10
.5
.004
Absent.
"
19
.5
.002
.012
">
""
""
Cheung
23
Sha Wan.
4.0
.5
.002
.008
33
39
>>
"
Pokfulum
7.3
.6
Tytam
3.3
February.
Kowloon
3.0
.5
610 10
.0014
.014
Absent.
""
.5
Absent.
.010
.003
>>
>>
**
""
""
•
29
""
.012
"
Cheung
Sha Wan.
4.7
.4
.003
Absent.
""
""
Pokfulum
5.3
.6
Tytam
3.2
.6
691
.0014
.012
.008
وو
99
29
Absent.
.003
.008
""
""
March
Kowloon
4.2
.5
.003
.024
•
22
""
"?
Chenng
Sha Wan.
6.7
.4
.0028
.008
.016
""
"2
Pokfulum
4.7
.6
Tytam
3.3
.6
April......
Kowloon
3.3
baa
.5
***
Absent.
.023
.016
""
.013
.008
S
>"
.003
.024
AAA
""
"
""
29
Cheung
Sha Wan,
4.2
.4
.013
.016
33
""
""
Pokfulum
4.2
.6
Tytanı ....
2.8
.6
May
Kowloon
3.0
.6
966
.014
.016
""
29
.010
.008
""
""
.003
.016
""
>>
*
""
***
Cheung
Sha Wan.
4.0
.4.
.007
.016
""
""
*"
""
""
Pokfulum
4.7
.6
Tytam
3.3
.6
June
Kowloon
3.7
.6
999
.019
""
""
""
.007
.016 .008
""
22
**
""
•
.003
.016
">
"
19
* A *
Cheung
Sha Wan.
4.0
.4
.010
.008
""
55
""
""
Pokfulum
4.2
.7
Tytam
4.3
.6
July
Kowloon
3.8
798
.012
.012
""
99
.008
Absent.
כי
.003
.004
"
>"
95
*A*
**
Cheung
Sha Wan.
3.8
.5
.003
.004
>>
A
Pokfulum.
4.7
Tytam
3.0
.6
August
Kowloon
3.7
.6
AAA
1706
.0014
.012
.024
""
Absent.
.005
.016
""
.003
2016
""
"
99.
"J
Cheung
Sha Wan.
4.3
.5
.005
.016
""
ง
>>
Pokfulum
4.8
.77
Tytam
3.8
.6
September
Kowloon
3.7
Cheung
Sha Wan
4.0
793 4
.007
.016
>>
"
.002
.008
""
""
.5
.002
.012
""
""
AAA
.005
.016
""
""
35
Pokfulum
4.8
.7
Tytam
3.8.
.6
164
.011
""
19
October
Kowloon
3.7
.5
***
""
.006
""
.003
.004 Absent. .012
""
99
39
""
""
Cheung
•
Sha Wan. 4.2
.4
.006
Absent.
دو
A
"
??
、
""
Pokfulum
3.5
Tytam
3.5
November
Kowloon
3.8
795
">
""
.0014
.006 .009
.012
>>
.008
""
.5
Absent.
.006.
.012
>>
"3
AAA
"
99
"
Cheung
Sha Wan
3.7
.5
.003
""
"}
*
.008
"
"
Pokfulum
3.3
Tytam
3.7
December
Kowloon
3.3
996
.6
.008
.008
E
>>
.6
""
.6
.0014 .0014
.018 .008
.008
.016
""
* * *
""
***
Cheung
Sha Wan.
4.3
.5
.0028
.011
.008
""
99
Table II.-Result of analyses of waters from various sources.
Results expressed in Grains per Imperial Gallon (1 in 70,000).
. Date.
Situation.
Total
Solid Depth. Matter Chlorine.
Oxygen Nitrogen
Saline
Ammonia.
ilried at
noid
Ammonia.
100° C.
Albume-absorbed in 4
hours at
80° F.
in
Nitrates Nitrites. and
Nitrites.
Sugar Test for the Detection of Sewage.
Poisonous
Metals.
General Remarks.
- 391 -
1905.
Jan. 10
Stream at Tai Ping Tong, (1)..
3.8
.6
Absent.
.0042
.008
.012
10
Do.
Absent. No Sewage indicated.
Absent.
""
(2)
3.7
.6
.0014
""
.006
.012
10
Do.
""
(3).
}}
">
>>
3.7
.7
.0014
.005
.016
19
99
Stream at Swatow,
"
(1).
""
""
119.0
69.3
.0070
.0042
.484
.016
31
19
Do.
>>
""
6.8
1.4
Absent.
.0014
.176 Absent.
19
Do.
""
(3)
""
5.5
.2
.0028
.144
"}
"
19
Do.
""
(4)
>>
"
11.0
2.8
.0028
.0014
.214
.004*
April 1
Well at Caroline Hill Road,
>>
14 feet.
""
18.5
4.2
.0028
.0056
.022
.444
June 21
Well at 62A, Queen's Road Central,., 13
"}
No Sewage indicated.
28.0
7.0
.0028
.0014
.013
1.036
July 13
Stream at Tai Hang,
"
4.0
.8
Absent.
.0056
.023
.032
22
""
Well situated at No. 4, Castle Road, 51 feet.
No Sewage indicated.
"}
6.5
1.5
.0028
.0056
.009
.329
31
""
Sept. 27
Water from a house at West Point,. Well at Taku Ling Police Station,
""
5.7
.6
Absent.
Absent. .012
Absent.
>>
""
25 feet.
>>
Deposit of iron oxide.
16.0
6.3
.013
.350
Oct. 23
Well at Green Island, (1)
"}
""
3
10.0
.5
""
.009
Absent.
A
23
Do.
""
(2)
"
5
9.5
.5
""
.0042
.0084
.041
.024
30
Well at Ma Tau Wai, (A)
10
9.7
1.7
""
.0028
.0056
.017
.144
وو
ولو
""
"}
Vegetable debris and water
30
· Do.
(B)
>>
10
""
[animalcula.
80
1.4.
""
.0042
.0042
.015
.230
Dec.
7
Water from the Pearl River, (A).
""
>>
99,
5.0
.4
.0028
.0042
.013
.008
Do.
""
(B)
>>
""
5.5
"
.6
.0042
.0042
.040
.008
Do.
""
(C).
"}
>>
"
7.0
.8
.0042
.0070
.017
.008
29
Do.
""
(D).
"}
"}
5.0
.6
.0056
.0028
.040 Absent.
>>
"}
""
392
Annexe L.
REPORT OF THE COLONIAL VETERINARY SURGEON.
GENERAL STATISTICS.
Cattle and sheep were scarcer than in 1904. This is attributed by importers to a scarcity of animals in the interior and to restrictions and duties imposed by the Chinese Government or local authorities. The stall-feeding of cattle appears to be gradually in- creasing in the neighbourhood of Canton but it is to be regretted that Manila by the induce- ment of higher prices still gets the best of the animals.
The total number of the cattle dealt with at Kennedy Town was 49,412, a decrease on 1904 of 8,993. Hunghom admitted 5,046, a decrease on 1904 of 565. This gives a total decrease over all of 9,558 cattle, as compared with 1904. The rejections as unfit for slaughter amounted at Kennedy Town to 672, against 499 in 1904. At Hung Hom 219 were rejected, against 34 in 1904, and 406 in 1903. The chief cause of rejection is simply einaciation.
DISEASES.
The following are the most noteworthy diseases met with during the year in the Depôt and Slaughter Houses.
Anthrax.-Four cases occurred, one each in January, April, May and July. In all cases but one the animals (cattle) were imported suffering from the disease, and died within twenty-four hours after landing. In the remaining case the animal, a bullock, had been in the Depôt for ten days. Infection is supposed to have been conveyed in the fodder though direct proof is wanting.
Hæmorrhagic Septicemia.-There was only one outbreak when thirteen cattle in all were attacked. Of these, five died and eight recovered. The disease was of a milder type than that met with in former years and did not extend beyond the lot first attacked.
Foot-and-Mouth Disease. This disease is practically always present in the Depôts and is freshly imported with almost every lot of cattle. It is always of a mild type and causes, except in very young calves, little or no constitutional disturbance.
Tuberculosis.-There were no cases seen in Chinese cattle. Only one case was met with in a European cow at the Slaughter House and the chief interest in this case lies in the fact that apart from the commoner lesions seen in the viscera, the meninges of the brain round the base, under part of the cerebellum, and medulla, were sprinkled over with small tubercular nodules about the size of a mustard seed. The animal had shown brain symptoms before slaughter but was otherwise in good condition.
PARASITES.
Parasites are daily met with and often in considerable numbers. In addition to those mentioned in former reports the following have been noted :--
Distomum Pancreaticum.—This distome is found in the pancreatic ducts of Chinese cattle and water buffaloes. It appears to cause little alteration in the substance of the gland. The ducts became dilated and are at times so packed full of the parasite as to appear like dilated and tortuous veins running through the substance of the gland. The presence of the parasite even in large numbers appears to have very little effect on the general health of the animal infested. This parasite closely resembles in size and appearance the Distomum Lanceolatum of the liver of the ox and sheep.
Distomum Crassum.-This distome was found in the intestine and stomach of the pig but seldom in large numbers. Three to ten or twelve were usually seen.
Echinorynchus Gigas.-This is a round worm found in the intestine of the pig. Its anterior end is furnished with powerful spines by means of which it fixes itself to the wall of the intestine producing a deep ulcer which often extends into the muscular coat of the bowel. It seems to attain an especially large size in Hongkong frequently measuring nine- teen inches in length and as thick as a common lead-pencil.
►
HONGKONG.
No.
11
• 1906
A RESEARCH
INTO THE
ETIOLOGY OF
BERI-BERI
TOGETHER WITH A REPORT ON AN OUTBREAK IN THE PO-LEUNG-KUK,
BY
WILLIAM HUNTER,
Government Bacteriologist
AND
WILFRED V. M. KOCH,
Medical Officer in charge
Infectious Diseases Hospitals,
Hongkong.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of
His Excellency the Governor.
PRINTED BY NORONHA & Co.,
Government Printers.
1906.
܂
CONTENTS.
1. Introductory Letter.
2. Outbreak of Beri-beri in the Po Leung Kuk.
3. The Prevalence of Beri-beri in Hongkong.
4. Pathological Anatomy.
5. Bacteriology.
6. Experimental Researches.
125
1.-INTRODUCTORY LETTER.
HONGKONG, 29th December, 1905.
SIR. We have the honour to forward, for the information of His Excellency The Governor, the following Report on our Researches into the Etiology of Beri-beri.
Beri-beri is a disease which is widespread in the Colony of Hongkong, and like many other disorders of widespread distribution is responsible for enormous national loss from an economic standpoint. A disease, occurring as it does in human beings during the most strenuous and wage-earning period of life, becomes of serious importance in a community like our own, where our commercial pros- perity is largely dependent on the momentum for labour bestowed on it by the Chinese coolie who, unfortunately, is only too frequently its victim. Its import- ance from this point of view, as well as its power of rendering helpless many of the hard working natives of several of our prosperous Colonies, is at once apparent to any one sufficiently interested in the voluminous literature on Beri-beri and the numerous scientific memoirs published by eminent investigators belonging to the many unfortunate commissions which have been organised with the view of elucidating its etiology, and instituting measures likely to stay its march amongst the Oriental population.
3. In Hongkong where Beri-beri manifests its presence by the occurrence of the severest as well as the most chronic varieties of the disorder, opportunities for a careful study of the disease are obviously many. It was therefore considered that an investigation into the obscurities of Beri-beri as met with in Hongkong might well repay the labour of an earnest research. With a Bacteriologist in the Colony well equipped with scientific apparatus and a laboratory, and the assistance of another Medical Officer, the disease could be investigated fully from ali points of view. Accordingly on arrangements having been made with the Government to start such an investigation, we drew out a plan of research, which appeared to us to afford the greatest hope of success in elucidating the etiological factor of the disease.
4. Our plan consisted of a thorough revision of the already known facts regarding the clinical and pathological features of the disease, accompanied by a searching investigation into the bacteriological side of the question and the carry- ing on of animal experiments on a hitherto unequalled scale.
5. For the opportunities afforded us in making these experimental researches a success our sincere thanks are due to the munificence of the Government and the ever-helping hand of the several Medical Officers of the Medical Department. Without such assistance the following Report could not have been made so com- plete and convincing as regards certain points of great importance in its etiology.
6. Further, considerable delay has been occasioned in the completion of the Report, our aim being to gather as much information together as possible, and to reconsider and verify many of the conclusions which had been collected by us during the earlier stages of our investigations.
7. Our actual research work commenced in the month of September, 1904. This date was chosen as one particularly favourable for a general consideration of the disease from all points of view, owing to the prevalence of a sharp but short ontbreak of Beri-beri among the inmates of the Po Leung Kuk.
8. Previous to this date a considerable amount of work on Beri-beri was constantly being prosecuted at the Public Mortuary, where annually 400-500 cases of the disease are examined post-mortem and records of the most nots- worthy features kept for reference. In addition to this, the bacteriology of the Beri-beri cadavers was studied from time to time. The results of these annual observations are embodied as far as possible in this Report.
26
126
9. With the advent of the outbreak of Beri-beri in the Po Leung Kuk oŭr studies commenced, and the research was started from every point of view. The inmates of this Institution were removed and segregated, and their clinical con- dition noted daily. The treatment of these cases, as well as the prophylaxis against its further prevalence, is given in the preliminary part of our Report.
10. Subsequently the Institution was placed at our disposal, and with a little assistance the Po Leung Kuk was soon converted into an excellent experimental, compound with the virus of the disease presumably working in the immediate vicinity.
11. Furthermore, the inmates of the Tung Wah Hospital suffering from Beri-beri were also at our disposal, and had it not been for the generous supply of cases the material used for our bacteriological and experimental escarches would have suffered much depreciation.
12. We feel that we are deeply indebted to the Directors of the Tung Wah Hospital and the Po Leung Kuk respectively for the assistance they gave us in our work and the free access to, and utilisation of, the cases they afforded us.
13. The first part of this Report deals with the outbreak of Beri-beri in the Po Leung Kuk: the next part treats of certain points in the disease as regards its incidence with reference to (1); Age, (2) Sex, (3) Occupation-its diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, etc.
14. The pathological section of the Report deals fully with the gross anatomy of Beri-beri cadavers. The œdematous and atrophic forms are dealt with under separate headings, and are presumably clear enough to afford one a picture of the morbid anatomy. The microscopic anatomy has not been investigated to any great extent. The literature on this question alone is voluminous, and so far investigation along these lines have led to no advance regarding the causation of the disease. The descriptions given recently by HAMILTON WRIGHT, MOTT and others are sufficiently extensive and minute to gratify even the most curious of pathologists.
15. The most interesting feature of this part of the Report is the question as to the presence of a primary lesion in Beri-beri. Medical papers at the present time are full of Beri-beri, and one of the most widely discussed questions in this connection is whether there exists in Beri-beri a primary gastro-duodenitis, the premonitory syndrome of Hamilton Wright. According to our results such a lesion does not exist. Gastric and duodenal changes, and indeed occasionally changes of variable pathological degree of the entire small gut are often found in Beri-beri cadavers. These however do not appear to be primary and the sat of primary election of the so-called virus of Beri-beri. Congestions, hæetnorrhages, oedematous infiltrations and even patches of necrosis have often been found in the gastro-duo- denal mucosa, but that these are due to the actual Beri-beri virus we have reason to doubt. Microscopically the changes found are difficult to class with active inflammation as found in diphtheria. They resemble more closely the changes consequent upon passive hyperæmia and congestion set up by precedent nerve degeneration. Arguing, a posteriori, little weight is to be given to the changes found in the alimentary canal, and our observations in this respect are more or less in accord with the recent investigations of DURHAM who lately studied Beri- beri in Christmas Island and the Federated Malay States.
16. The bacteriological investigations which have been made during the re- search were many, and of a varied character. Almost every tissue and fluid of the bodies of cases of Beri-beri have been submitted to a searching examination by almost all the methods available for the isolation of specific micro-organisms. On referring to this part of the Report in detail, it will be seen that we found it im- nossible to find any micro-organism which could be brought into causal relation- shy with the disease. Again and again cocc', bacteria, etc., could be obtained from Beriberi patients or fresh cadavers. These were of the same nature as the micro- organisms isolated by other workers. Detailed bacteriological work and experi- ments proted, however, that such micro-organisms have nothing to do with the
127
production of the discase, and in the light of our present micro-biological know- ledge must be regarded as extraneous organisms isolated and fully described by investigators using somewhat defective technique.
17. The bacteriological examination of WRIGHT'S So-called primary lesion, i.e., damaged gastro duodenal mucosa resulted in the isolation of many rod-shaped bac- tería, the biology of which shewed them to be nothing more or less than ordinary intestinal micro-organisms. In summing up our bacteriological results, our inves- tigations strongly point to the conclusion that Beri-beri is not due to any micro- organism of the hitherto described types. Indeed we doubt if the disease is an acute specific infectious disorder. So far our results are against its being so.
18. Coming to the experimental part of the Report, the results of our attempts to induce the disease in any of the common domestic animals are decidedly a failure. In no single instance, out of over 50 miscellaneous experiments upon monkeys, pigs, calves, sheep, fowls, rabbits, etc., were we able to call forth even the shadow of a symptom or sign of Beri-beri.
19. Comparing the results of these experiments with the series carried out by DURHAM who also had negative results, it would appear that it is impossible to convey Beri-beri directly from man to animals. So far as published records are concerned, monkeys are the only animals which appear to have contracted the disease, and then only under natural conditions. These the experiments of HAMILTON WRIGHT and published in a recent number of " Brain"-however, are isolated observations, and judging from the recent remarks of DURHAM in the "Journal of Hygiene" some doubt would appear to exist as to the real condition of the monkeys described by WRIGHT as suffering from Beri-beri.
20. The question as to whether any animal can contract Beri-beri direct from man, or indirectly through some other channel must remain open. Our own opinion is decidedly against the conveyance from man to animals. With the exception of HAMILTON WRIGHT'S experiments which must be received with due caution, there are no reliable records of Beri-beri in animals. Indeed it would be difficult to experiment along these lines with hope of success in the absence of the etiological factor and its point of invasion of the body.
21. Our experimental researches bring us further along the line of our con- clusions as to the non-micro-organismal nature of Beri-beri. Up to the present time none of our researches have guided us to form a conclusion that it is a specific infectious disease. Indeed all the evidence contained in this Report is against such a conclusion.
22. The premises upon which we built up such a statement so antagonistic to the theories of HAMILTON WRIGHT are the following:-
(a.) There is no evidence of a primary lesion, i.e., a point of invasion of the virus into the body. This however carries with it little weight as many specific infectious disease have a somewhat cryptogenous point of entry
into the human tissues.
(b.) No specific micro-organisms can be found in any organ or tissue of any case of Beri-beri which can be brought into close causal relationship with the disease. The micro-organisms found in WRIGHT's so-called primary gastro duodenitis are to be regarded as ordinary bacteria be- longing to the intestinal flora."
(c) Experimental researches are negative. The blood contains no organisms and the transference of large quantities of Beri-beri blood to the tissues of healtly animals never induces disease.
Similar results are obtainable with the spleen, liver, brain, etc.
When we come to the gastro duodenal mucosa as found in acute and rapidly fatal cases of Beri-beri and use an emulsion of this for feeding monkeys-animals said by WRIGHT to contract Beri-beri naturally-and obtain uniformly negative results, our faith becomes somewhat shaken in the micro-organismal nature or the specific infectivity of Beri-beri.
2-
128
23. In conclusion, the results of our researches are directly opposed to those of HAMILTON WRIGHT, and in more or less harminoy with those of DURHAM.
24. Of late years a considerable diversity of opinion would appear to prevail as to the isolation of Beri-berics and the treatment of Beri-beri cadavers. From our researches we can see no valid reason to suppose that in Beri-beri we are deal- ing with a highly infectious disease. Indeed beyond the removal of such patients to surroundings light and airy, with the regulation of a liberal and wholesome diet nothing more would be required to add to the sum total of the necessary sanitation.
As regards the burial of Beri-berics, this, in our opinion, is of no vast import- ance apart from the question of the decomposition of the body. If provision during burial is made for rapid decomposition, as now laid down by all hygienists, no danger will accrue.
25. Having summed up the results of our investigations into this interesting disease it but remains to speculate, on a theory as to its etiology. In these days everyone strives to have a theory in regard to the etiology of a disease like Beri- beri. Whether such a course is advisable, in the absence of any definite data, we leave open for speculation.-We have, etc.,
The Hon. The Principal Civil Medical Officer.
W. HUNTER,
W. V. M. KOCH.
:
129
2.—AN OUTBREAK OF BERI-BERI IN
THE PO LEUNG KUK.
About the middle of the year 1901 a slight outbreak of Beri-beri occurred among the inmates of the Po Leung Kuk. This is an institution situated in the midst of the Chinese quarter of Victoria, Hongkong, and is intended for the re- ception of women and girls who are suspected to have been kidnapped or to have been brought into the Colony for immoral purposes, or who may for some other reason require protection. They are detained here until enquiries are completed regarding their case, and are then released. Owing sometimes to difficulty in these investigations it may happen that the detention of some of the inmates, and indeed it may be of most of them, is prolonged for months. Thus the number in residence may reach a high figure, on one or two occasions amounting to 92.
The Buildings.
The main building consists of a solidly built brick and stone building two stories high, opening on to a narrow courtyard about 10 feet wide, and guarded by a high wall. The upper two stories are used as dormitories, of which there are two on each floor; the ground floor is occupied by two rooms, one used as a dining-room, the other as a day-room, and a small kitchen and a lavatory. The dormitories are large, high rooms opening by doors on to a narrow verandah on the inner side over the courtyard, and on the outer side built solidly up to the roof. High up from the floor and beyond reach of the inmates, small windows are let in, well guarded. At right angles to this building and facing another street is an annexe containing two large dormitories, one above the other. Although these open on to the street they are dark and cheerless rooms.
During the months that this outbreak prevailed the population was dense. We find on examining the Register that the population varied during each month in the following manner :-
In January there were resident from: ......37-53
February,
March,
April,.
May,..
June,
July,
August,
September,
October,
November,
December,
37-52
.40-63
46-59
•
43-74
•
47-65
62-75
.51-92
3761
49-64
.51-65
.48-63
Measurement of Rooms.
The following measurements have been courteously supplied us by the Me- dical Officer of Health :-
Room I. Ground floor-
Floor area, 401 sq. ft.
Cubic contents, 5,654 cub, ft.
Window area (courtyard), 72 sq. ft.
Do. (street),
Room II. Ground Floor--
Floor area, 327 sq. ft.
281⁄2 sq. ft.
Cubic contents, 4,683 cub. ft.
Window area (courtyard), 48 sq. ft.
Do. (street), 19 sq. ft.
:
130
Room I. First Floor. Dormitory-
Floor area, 528 sq. ft.
Cubic contents, 6,441 cub. ft. Window area (front), 90
sq.
fi.
Do. (back), 45 sq. ft.
Room II. First Floor. Dormitory-
Floor area,
522 sq.
ft.
Cubic contents, 6,375 cub. ft. Window area (front), 90 sq. ft. Do. (back), 45 sq. ft.
Room I. Second Floor. Dormitory-
Floor area, 526 sq. ft.
Cubic contents. 6,683 cub. ft. Window area (front), 90 sq. ft.
Do. (back), 45 sq. ft.
Room II. Second Floor. Dormitory-
Floor area, 523 sq. fr.
Cubic contents, 6.649 cub. ft. Window area (front), 90 sq. ft. Do. (back), 45 sq. ft.
Room I. Annexe. Dormitory-
Floor area, 902 sq. ft.
Cubic contents, 8.305 cub. ft.
Window
area, 223 sq.
ft.
Room II. Annexe. Dormitory-
Floor area, 902 sq. ft.
Cubic contents, 8,020 cub. ft.
Window area, 223 sq. ft.
Ventilation.
All the rooms of the main building open out on to the verandahs which overhang the small narrow courtyard, the wall on the other side of which rises to a level with the floor of the second story. Small windows are let into the wall rising on the street The annexe has a verandah on each floor facing the street. These are closely barred and give on to a courtyard which serves as a waiting-room for the out-patients of the Tung Wah Hospital, which is also shut in by a high wall. The other side of these dormitories of the annexe consists of a solid wall, having a door at the southern end. As these buildings are placed among a crowd of others, many of which overshadow them in height, and narrow streets bound them on two sides only, scarcely ever does a good breeze blow through them, nor are the means of ventilation sufficient. To this may be added the fact that owing to the plan of construction and the surroundings the sun's rays never seem able to penetrate beyond the courtyard. They certainly do not flood the rooms, they scarcely ever reach them. When the sun shines highly in Hong- kong it may be able to warm and to purify the air that reaches the Po Leung Kuk, but when the weather is wet, and the days dark, moist and gloomy, these rooms present a dismal and cheerless appearance which indicates a vitiated atmosphere, and suggests a nidus of disease. And such days in Hongkong are not remarkable for their rarity during some parts of the year.
The Beginning of the Outbreak.
On May 14th, two of the inmates, aged respectively 19 and 18 years, complain- ed of numbness in the legs, weakness and difficulty in walking. They were exa- mined and were found to be suffering from Beri-beri, and were transferred for treatment to the Tung Wah Hospital. The first had been in residence from April 22nd,-23 days: the second from March 14th,-62 days. Then a lull of a little more than a fortnight occurred, and two more were attacked-they had been in residence since the previous November. Then four more were attacked in June- on the 4th, 6th, 16th and 23rd. They had been in residence from three to two months.
7
131
Preventive Measures adopted.
These cases having occurred, though they only numbered eight up to now, led to measures being taken for the thorough and complete disinfection of the buildings. This was carefully done by the staff of the Sanitary Board, and the walls were completely lime-washed thereafter, and the floors scrubbed with a solu- tion of strong carbolic acid.
Inefficacy of these Measures: Spread of the Disease.
These measures did not prove effective, for after 25 days cases began to break out again, and apparently followed each other with some rapidity. Four cases occurred in July on the 17th, 19th, 25th and 31st. In August fourteen cases occurred two on the 9th. seven on the 15th, and five on the 30th. In September three cases occurred on the 7th, two on the 19th, and one on the 27th. Then there was a lull.
Further Steps to stay the Outbreak.
Early in September this outbreak was represented to the Hon. The Principal Civil Medical Officer, and its gravity pointed out. Upon his recommendation His Excellency The Governor was pleased to appoint us a Commission to investigate this outbreak, and also to make such investigations into the disease as might tend towards elucidating certain points, notably its causation. On our re- commendation the Committee of the Po Leung Kuk conferred with the Committee of the Tung Wah Hospital, and were able to arrange to transfer all the inmates from the former to the latter institution, where they were accommodated in two large airy well ventilated and sunlit wards. Upon this transfer taking place the premises of the Po Leung Kuk were handed over to us for purposes of investiga- tion. On the completion of the greater part of the experimental portion of our work, the building was again disinfected on three several days, was lime and colour-washed, painted, and then handed over for occupation.
Symptoms of the Disease.
The disease as it affected these patients was of a very mild nature. The earliest symptom noticed was numbness of the legs, which generally extended from the dorsum of the foot upwards as high as the knee. The numbness was seldom evenly distributed, and did not always exactly follow the distribution of the cutaneous nerves of sensation. Soon after this, or almost coincident with its onset, there occurred pain and tenderness on pressure over the calf muscles, and then weakness of the legs set in. This was of varying degree, in some cases shewn only by slight difficulty in walking, in others reaching such an extreme degree as to render the patient completely bedridden. Between these extremes there occurred almost every degree of interference with locomotion. In the slighter degrees there was only slight paresis of the calf muscles-in the severer cases there was paralysis leading to ankledrop. Together with this there was loss of ankle clonus, and generally in all the cases loss of knee-jerk. The muscles of the thigh sometimes manifested tenderness on pressure. Generally there was some cedema perceptible over the tibia, but this seldom reached any great degree. In three cases there was some numbness over the hands and fingers. Apart from these cases the upper extrem- ities did not shew any sign of being affected, nor was any part of the trunk affect- ed. The weakness in the legs which the patients complained of was noticeable in the gait. Where the weakness was slight she would, shuffle along planting the feet somewhat widely apart and taking deliberate steps, watching the floor carefully to avoid a fall. In more severe cases she would try to obtain assistance by guid- ing herself along the wall, or by holding on to the bed. In still more severe cases she would use one or two crutches, and the steps would be taken with an equine, high-stepping gait, the legs being helpless and out of control-resembling a pair of flails and planted with care and deliberation though accompanied with some amount of inco-ordination. The action now was practically only confined to flexion of the thigh by the Psoas and Iliacus muscles. In the worst cases-and there were only four such-the patients were completely bedridden, and apparently to them only remained the power of flexion of the thigh on the abdomen. In such cases the accompanying anesthesia was profound and extended as high as the groin.
132
Sometimes tingling and formication were present, and muscular tenderness was invariably present. Rapid wasting of the leg and thigh muscles occurred, together with loss of subcutaneous fat leading to a loss of rotundity and symmetry of the limb, and to a flabby "hanging" condition of the muscles. Appreciation of heat and cold was always present. In two cases the nerve symptoms were ushered in by a slight elevation of temperature which lasted a few days, and which was never of high degree. These were the only cases in which any elevation of temperature was present: in all the other cases the temperature remained steadily at the normal or perhaps may have varied about half a degree (Fahren- heit) above and below the normal. The digestive system in this series of cases was seldom deranged-the tongue was generally clean, the action of the bowels normal, the function of digestion performed normally, and there was no vomiting. As regards the circulatory system there was nearly always some cardiac debility, and in a few instances this was associated with a slight amount of dilatation of the cavities of the heart. There were no murmurs, however, except occasionally a pulmonary systolic blowing murmur propagated up the neck. The action of the heart was not "wobbly ", and did not suggest that the vagus had given it a loose rein. There was sometimes slight palpitation-never to any un- comfortable or extreme extent. The pulse was regular, of normal tension, beating between 80 and 100 beats, per minute. There was no suggestion in it of undue weakness. The respiratory system shewed no marked change the lungs were not affected but in some instances the respiratory act was somewhat accelerated and shallow. There was no irregularity. The urinary system was not affected-urine was passed freely, of normal quantity, and free from albumin: there was no excess of urates and the chlorides were not increased in quantity. The menstrual func- tion was in about half the cases interfered with in the direction of suppression : in other cases it was normal and regular, and there was no dysmenorrhoea at any time. The nevous system, apart from what has been noted above, was not affected. The pupils shewed no irregularity. They were always equal and reacted normally to light and accommodation. As regards the cutaneous system, in some cases there was a condition of dryness of the skin to such a degree as to be alınost patho- logical. The sweat glands seemed arrested in their action. Apart from the nervous symptoms in the lower extremity, the most prominent sign to be noticed was a condition of anæmia. This generally became more performed in proportion to the severity of the Beri-beri symptoms. Together with the diminution in the percentage of hæmoglobin, in some cases to 40, 30 or less, there was diminution in the number of red blood corpuscles to less than three millions, and an increase in the number of leucocytes to twelve or fourteen thousand. Of these there was a steady increase in the number of mononuclears and polymorphonuclears the eosi- nophiles rose to about double the normal, and normoblasts were to be occasionally seen. This condition of anæmia was indicated plainly, not only by the pallor of the palpebral conjunctiva and the shallow, and in some instances, hurried respi- rations, but also by the pulmonary murmur which was undoubtedly hæmic in origin.
The Diagnosis.
The symptoms which have been detailed above are practically all that were present and from a consideration of them it will be seen that all the cases were of a mild nature. The question arises then of the diagnosis of the disease. Into that it is not proposed to enter at length in this section. But it may be stated that the diagnosis was guided by the rapid and sudden onset of sensory derangements confined principally to the lower extremities, accompanied by hyperesthesia of the musculature and followed by wasting: all this leading to difficulty in locomotion amounting in some extreme cases to complete paraplegia, necessitating guidance and assistance with the hands, or with sticks or crutches. Together with this, cedema of greater or less anount and extent principally confined to the area over the tibia was present. These symptoms occurring in a building ill-ventilated and remote from the sun's rays, generally damp, dark and sometimes overcrowded, and rapidly attack- ing one after another of a population stagnating in it for months without outdoor exercise and without an opportunity of breathing the fresh outer air-a population that is free of the vice of alcohol and of the taint of syphilis-such symptoms occurring in this Colony can only point to Beri-beri-very mild it is true, but still it is Beri-beri.
133
Probable Causation.
We do not here intend to discuss any of the theories regarding the causation of Beri-beri in general, but merely wish to call attention to a few points in con- nection with this particular outbreak. The predisposing causes we can point to fairly clearly. The disease broke out among an overcrowded, stagnant population resident in a building which we consider is ill-ventilated, and in addition is damp and ineffectually sunned. This much is easy of assertion and of proof. When however we come to consider what may be the exciting cause or causes we under- take a more difficult task. For we are unable to assign a cause to the outbreak. We can only point to the fact that when the conditions of residence were amelior- ated the discase ceased spreading. As soon as the inmates were removed to the large, airy wards of the Tung Wah Hospital the incidence of the disease was arrest- ed. Only two wards were occupied and the inmates crowded into them-but these were large, airy wards with wide doors on every side and the sun's rays pe- netrated into them all day. The food remaining the same in both establishments; it is perhaps a question whether it acts as a factor in causation, and if it does whether it requires certain conditions of crowding and surrounding to bring it into play. With this particular outbreak it was noticed that the patients improved on transfer, and that only one or two fresh cases occurred after transfer these pro- bably incubating at that particular period.
Prognosis.
་
With such mild, and mildly severe cases, the prognosis is invariably favour- able. Of the 32 patients attacked all recovered except one. This patient had a rather more severe attack than the others. She quickly lost the power of move- ment and became confiued to bed. The oedema of the legs became more pro- nounced and after a time the heart began to act badly-dilatation shewed itself, and after a time she contracted subacute pneumonia to which she sucumbed. Favourable points in prognosis are mildness of attack, as evidenced by power of locomotion if even slight, non involvement of the heart, and a moderate degree of anæmia. Then also the prognosis is most favourably influenced by prompt re- moval from the premises in which the disease developed or manifested itself-and removal if possible to well ventilated, sunny, airy premises.
Period of Incubation.
There is a diversity of opinion regarding the duration of the period of incu- bation of the disease, and in this series of cases also we meet with extremes. Assuming that the disease was contracted within the building, and that the infect- ion was present or developed therein, we can calculate the length of time the pa- tient was subjected to its influence before manifesting the earliest symptoms. And this period we might assume to be the period of incubation. From such an estimation we set a variation between a maximum period of 200 days in one case, and a minimum of 23 days in another. Between these periods we have varying periods-lengthy in some cases, such as 184, 147, 119, 117 and 131 days and com- paratively short in others, such as 31, 53, 63 and 68 days. Calculating an average from these periods we set a period of 84 days, which we might call the period of incubation. [This of course only applies to this particular series of very inild cases in very acute cases the incubation period has been known to be not much more than 40-50 hours].
During this period the symptoms are apparently very trifling and not such as to lead the patient to make any complaint nor such as to cause any inconvenience. Perhaps slight digestive disturbances or slight palpitation may be forerunners : certainly a condition of anæmia supervenes. Sometimes amenorrhoea may occur which in young females should lead to a suspicion of the cause, especially in a loca- lity where the disease is endemic. So that it may be said that the incubation period is prolonged, the symptoms vague and indefinite, leading to the conclusion that the poison is slow working, and its result cumulative.
134
Age Incidence.
In considering this we must have in mind the fact that the inmates of the Institution are for the most part adults. It would appear to especially affect those between the ages of 15 and 25. In point of fact most cases occurred between the ages of 15 and 20-three occurred earlier, namely, one at 3 years of age, and two at 14, and no cases were seen in those over 25 years of age. No conclusions may be definitely drawn from these figures except perhaps that when the disease occurs among the female sex those between the ages of 15 and 25 are principally affected.
Duration of the Disease under Treatment.
The disease is as a rule very slow in resolving itself. This points to a dege- neration of the nerve trunks and the muscles. Regeneration takes a prolonged time. The establishment of the path is first effected. and then after an appreciable period its conductivity becomes restored. This process takes a prolonged time to be accomplished, and considering the lengthy period during which treatment must be undergone it is doubtful whether any method of treatment is to be regarded as specific. In this series of cases the average length of time devoted to treatment before the patient was pronounced cured was 98 days :-17 of the cases remained under treatment from 117 to 156 days, 6 cases for the following periods, namely, 11, 20, 31, 21, 21, 16 days, and the remainder from 50-100 days. We might infer that except in the mildest cases treatment is not effective, that cases run their course, and arrive at a natural resolution-that is, that regeneration of the damaged nerves and muscles takes place in its own appointed time, and that gradually thereafter conductivity becomes established leading to a righting of the sensory and motor functions.
The one case that succumbed was of a rather more advanced nature than the others. She developed more ædema of the feet and legs; the nervous apparatus of the circulatory and respiratory systems became more profoundly affected, leading to vaso motor paralysis and to consequent infiltration of the tissues, among which the lung became affected, and a sub-acute condition of pneumonia supervened. She was under treatment for 50 days.
Incidence with reference to Occupation.
The occupation of all these patients was returned as "destitute ", a vague term which comprises many conditions in life. Some of them were occupied in house- hold duties-not the majority of them; some were looked after by parents or guardians and did no work; a few enjoyed a considerable latitude in their mode of life. In this particular series of cases it could not be said that occupation in any way modified the incidence of the disease. The conditions that existed were eminently favourable for the development of Beri-beri, and it was a coincidence that the building was inhabited by these women at the time.
The Treatment.
There being no specific for Beri-beri, treatment was mainly directed towards keeping up the strength of the patient, and towards alleviating any special symp- toms which arose.
As soon as the diagnosis was made the patient was put upon a mixture con- taining strychnine, arsenic and iron. If the pulse was weak, digitalis or stro- phanthus was added, and sometimes ether and ammonia given as well. Together with this routine treatinent, massage was carried out in every case-either with the bare hand, or with a stimulating embrocation. This was found to be especially effective in removing the oedema and in maintaining the nourishment of the nus- cles. When symptoms of dyspepsia were present the usual hospital mixtures were administered, namely, soda and rhubarb, bismuth and pepsin, hydrochloric acid and nux vomica, and so on. For any pain over the heart or palpitation, a mustard poultice or a belladonna plaster was applied. Any diarrhoea on the rare occasions it appeared was checked with chalk and bael.
135
The paresis and paralysis of the muscles were improved by steady and assi- -duous massage.
No bed sores occurred, or such atrophy of the muscles as to lead to con-
tracture.
The food remained the same throughout -rice, vegetables, salt-fish, salt-pork, condiments, etc.-the usual Chinese meals.
What undoubtedly proved the most effective means of treatment was the re- moval of the patient to the Tung Wah Hospital, and this measure was also effective in arresting the further spread of the disease, for, together with the patients all the other inmates were removed, and they mingled.freely with each other, sharing the same rooms, meals, etc. No isolation was attempted, yet the outbreak
was arrested.
W
:
136
3. THE PREVALENCE OF BERI-BERI IN HONGKONG.
The Tung Wah Hospital in this Colony has been founded by the Chinese community and is carried on by them exclusively for their fellow-countrymen, who are freely admitted to its privileges without payment. Owing to this, and also to the fact that they may have their choice of Western or of Chinese methods of treatment, the sick fully avail themselves of the benefits afforded. Thus, con- sidering the out-patient department, and the number of in-patients admitted annually, we are enabled to form some fairly accurate idea of the prevalence of various forms of disease among the Chinese community. For this reason we ven- ture to think that an analysis of the statistics of this hospital with special reference to Beri-beri will prove instructive, not only as affording an index of its prevalence in the Colony, but also as regards certain other points, namely, its incidence amongst the different classes, its age incidence, its mortality and its diagnosis.
We have prepared an analysis of the cases admitted during the ten years, 1895-1904, being the years when a register was kept under Government inspect- ion, and an accurate record inade of the diagnosis.
The Admissions.
During this period the number of admissions has been high, and a regular and steady increase has been maintained each year as follows:-
Admissions:-1895,
...
1896,
1897, 1898, 1899, 1900, 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904,
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Males.
117
136
...
166
...
...
...
...
162 265
335 390
409
265 667
·
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total,
...
...
2,912
...
...
Females.
1
13
...
15
8
...
.. 16
25
...
27
...
12
...
17
72
206
[N.B. In the Table shewing the Aggregate Admissions month by month the total number of males admitted is set down as 2,890-the difference, represent- ing 22, being males admitted in the first half of 1895, no note being entered in the Register of the month of admission.]
It will be noticed that there was a steady increase in the number of males admitted during the first four years of the period. There was then a sudden leap representing an increase of 103 in 1899. Thereupon a steady and progressive increase occurred until 1902, then as suddenly there was a drop of 144 in 1903, and the highwater mark was reached in 1904 with 667 admissions. Of those cases admitted in 1904, viz., 739, there were admitted from Singapore 50, from South Africa (repatriated coolies from the Transvaal) 40, from l'eru 4, Siam 3, and from Manila and Canton 1 each-the remainder were residents of the Colony. Even deducting these 99, we have a total of 640 admitted who were resident in the Colony and presumably contracted the disease here.
The admission rate of the females was not high, and there was no noteworthy ncrease until the year 1904, when a total of 72 were admitted, being a third of ithe total admissions of females during the decennium. These were all, practically, residents.
;
་
's
137
Comparative Incidence on the Sexes.
Males are specially affected by the disease, 2,912 being admitted as against 206 females. This gives an incidence ratio of 14 to 1. We may consider this as re- presenting fairly accurately the liability of the sexes, and may infer that the causes operative in the production of the disease are more prevalent among males rather than that females are less susceptible to it. In evidence of this statement we may point to the fact that when the disease breaks out under what we may assume to be favourable conditions, females seem to contract it very easily, as witness for example the outbreak among the inmates of the Po Leung Kuk.
The ratio of incidence for the period under analysis is as follows :-
1896,
1897,
1898,
...
·
1899,
...
Males.
10
...
11
20
...
16
...
Females.
1
1
...
...
1
...
1
1
...
1
...
1 1
]
1900,
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904,
...
...
...
...
...
...
13
14.5
34 15.5...
9.5....
When we consider the prevalence of the disease among the total population with especial reference to sex, we find the ratio as follows :-
Year.
MALFS.
No. of Cases.
Ratio.
Estimated Population.
1895,
•
173,500
117
1-1,483
1896,
165,499
136
1-1,217
1897,
171,558
166
1-1,033
1898,
174,624
162
1-1,078
1899,
177,748
265
1-
670
"
1900,
180,967
335
1
540
1901,
204,811
390
1
525
1902,
217,839
409
1
532
1903,
224,147
265
1-
846
1904,
249,884
617
1-405
[In the year 1904 there were 667 admissions of males-50 however being im- ported cases are omitted from this calculation].
The incidence among males is thus seen to be in the ratio of 1 to 823 of the population.
'Among the female population we find the incidence as follows:-
FEMALES.
Year.
Estimated Population.
No. of Cases.
Ratio.
1896,
61,211
13
1-4,701
1897,
63,452
15
1—1,230
1898,
64,586
8
1-8,073
1899,
65,742
16
1-4,108
1900,
66,933
25
1-2,677
1901,
75,753
27
1-2,805
1902,
76,461
12
1-6;371
1903,
82.903
17
1-4,876
1904,
92,422
72
1-1,283
The
admission
for
1895 being only 1, is not calculated.
2
>
138
This gives an average ratio of incidence of 1 case in 4,348 of the population.
This disparity of incidence on the sexes we are inclined to attribute to the facts as before mentioned, namely, that the female portion of the community are not subject to those conditions surroundings, food, ventilation, fatigue, etc.— which night probably be considered as predisposing causes.
It is worth notice that the prevalence for all practical purposes increases year by year among both sexes, in spite of the steady increase of population. Among the males the increase is four times greater in ten years, and among the females the increase is about the same.
The figures we have obtained, through the courtesy of Dr. I. MITCHELL, of admissions to the Alice Memorial and the Nethersole Hospital are so small as not to affect the general result as stated above.
We have to express our thanks to the Medical Officer of Health, Dr. PEARSE, for kindly supplying us with the estimated population.
Age Incidence.
The accompanying Table (No. IV.) shews the age at which patients were admitted. We inay postulate that patients seek admission as soon as possible after the onset of the illness. as soon in point of fact as they are unable to earn a livelihood, and indeed the majority as soon as they feel the early symptoms of the disease.
Analysing the total number of cases in quinquennial age groups, it will be noticed that the disease did not occur in the very early years of life, viz., between 1-5 years of age.
In the next period 6-10 years 7 cases were admitted, and 35 cases between 11 and 15 years of age. Then the curve rises suddenly and quick- ly, from the quinquenniad 16-20 to its highest, 21-25, and maintain their height during the next period 26-30. After this the curve rapidly declines as far as the period 41-45, and then there is a gentle fall in the next and following periods.
Taking the male and female admissions separately, it will be seen that among the males the curve rises rapidly during the period 16-20, and reaches and main- tains its maximum during the next two quinquenniads 21-25 and 26-30. There is then a notable fall to the next period 31-35, which continues during the next three periods. Thereafter the fall is gentle, steady and regular to the period 71-75.
The number of females admitted though small may be taken as fairly re- presentative of the incidence among them. We notice that the earlier age periods are those especially affected, there being a steady rise up to the period 16-20, after which there is a slow fall of the curve during the next two periods 21-25, and 26-30, then a rapid fall and the curve remains steady except one rise during the period 36-40.
Thus we see that the disease has its greatest incidence during the two quin- quennial periods 21-25 and 26-30, namely those years when the person is most vigorous and most fit for wage-earning. The extremes of life are affected to a very slight degree, but after the age of 30 although the curve drops fairly quickly we get large numbers, especially among the men, affected at the succeeding periods.
Seasonal Prevalence,
We have drawn up a chart to shew the admissions month by month during the ten years. Premising that the incubation period is from 20-30 days, and that the patients seek admission on the onset of the more severe symptoms which render them unfit for work, the chart is instructive.
We notice that the disease maintains a fairly uniform level during the first four months of the year. There is then a rapid rise in May and the level is main- tained during June. Then a further rise occurs rapidly in July and the curve maintains a high level in August and September. After that a sharp drop takes place in October, followed by a temporary rise in November, and a further sharp drop in December.
1
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139
The height of the prevalence and incidence of the disease is thus seen to be during July, August and September. These months, together with the two preceding months when the curve cominences to rise are the wet, damp and humid months of the year in this Colony, and it is a question whether these atmospheric conditions are contributory factors in the production and development of the disease.
It will be noted that though the curve for females is uniformly flat there is a marked rise in May and in August.
The Varieties of the Disease.
As we meet it here the disease presents itself in two varieties, known as the dropsical, moist or wet form, and the atrophic or dry form. The disease how- ever is a single entity-in its inception certain common symptoms manifest them- selves, in its development it assumes the characters of the one or the other variety. In the rapid onset and development of the first variety modified slightly in some respects but with an accentuation of the cardiac symptoms we get the acute pernicious variety. This form is very rarely met with here and is usually very fatal. The two varieties-the dropsical and the atrophic-occur in about equal proportions in their developed form, but it must be remembered that one form may pass into and shew the characters of the other, that is, that celema, etc., may be implanted on the dry form and so convert it into the dropsical, or that the oedematous variety may pass through changes resulting in its assuming the atrophic forin. Beri-beric residual paralysis is a term which has been used in an analogous manner and with a similar meaning to diphtheritic paralysis. The pathology of the diseases being different, clear in one case, unknown in the other, the coin- parison does not hold, and any attempt to introduce new varieties, naines, etc., is to be deprecated.
A Picture of the Disease and its Diagnosis.
In a country where the disease is sometimes epidemic and always endemic the diagnosis on the one hand should present no difficulty, and on the other hand because so easily made not infrequently leads to errors. Indeed, so well are the symptoms known that patients frequently present themselves for treatment, having already diagnosed their condition.
What then are the symptoms upon which we rely for a diagnosis? In the first place, and we are here discussing the early stages, we find there is a feeling of malaise and lassitude, and then there is weakness of the legs and numbness, which is characteristic. Then comes on pains in the muscles of the calf of the leg, elicited by compressing the calf muscles, which amounts to exquisite pain some- times. The patient is unable to walk easily and freely, and he has a feeling as if he were treading on cotton wool or walking on a carpet. These signs by them- selves are sufficient for the patient and his friends. They indicate that he has Beri-beri. Further examination by an expert shews that there is loss of the knee reflexes, that there is anesthesia of the legs to a varying degree-that slight oedema exists over the shin bones, and that there may be shortness of breath and palpitation. The patient has progressive weakening of the muscles of the hand and forearm. His grip is weak, and there is wasting of the muscles of the thumb. The more advanced stages of the disease present no difficulty in re- cognition. There is wasting or there may be oedema of the leg-the calf muscles in the former case being flabby and the skin dry, and there is loss of sub- cutaneous fat; or the whole leg is swollen and tense with a subjective feeling of fulness. In either case the sensibility of the skin of the leg is altered, either in the direction of total loss over the whole area or over irregular patches not necessarily corresponding to any particular nerve distribution, or there may be paræsthesia, viz., sensations of heat and cold, of pins and needles, of laucing pains, etc. In the early stages there is a loss of knee reflexes, an exaggerated reflex being seen perhaps in the first few days after onset. Then in the later stages corresponding with the loss of power in the leg muscles we have ankledrop marked. At this stage the patient is generally bedridden.
.
•
140
In the dropsical variety the picture in the later stages is characteristic. The tissues are all water-logged, and there is general edema. The face is swollen and bloated, the eyes closed owing to edema of the lids, and the skin over the abdomen is puffy. There is a purplish cyanotic look. All the parts pit on pressure and there is anesthesia to a varying extent. The patient is unable to move with any freedom and in point of fact takes to bed. He suffers from dyspepsia, from palpitation. The heart acts irregularly, and there is a weak, soft and perhaps intermittent pulse. His faculties are unclouded. He may have a slight cough from oedema of the lungs. The tongue is clean, the digestive functions unimpaired though there may be present a watery diarrhoea. The tem- perature does not become elevated. The functions of the kidneys shew no signs of being interfered with, the urine being normal in amount and in constitution. lies a dropsical water-logged mass incapable of locomotion and very helpless.
He
On the other hand in the atrophic variety the picture is equally characteris- tic in the later stages. The pronounced emaciation, the steady, gradual and progressive wasting of the muscles especially of the lower extremities, the wasting of the connective tissue over the body, the loss of the reflexes. particularly the knee-jerks, the gradually increasing and spreading anethesia rendering him finally bedridden, present a picture which is diagnostic. The organic reflexes are not interfered with, and the body temperature keeps at the normal or perhaps may run a degree or more under the normal. The cardiac muscle apparently under- goes a progressive wasting and atrophy pari passu, leading to weakened action, and a feeble, soft and compressible pulse. When the disease reaches its worst point, death may occur either from the extreme general atrophy or from some intercurrent pulmonary affection to which such cases are specially liable, or re covery takes place very gradually. In the latter cases the muscles recover them- selves soonest but the anaesthesia continues and is prolonged. Gradually strength ⚫ comes back and the muscles slowly, very slowly, regain their functions, and as the leg muscles were the earliest to manifest weakness, so are they the earliest to recover themselves. The patient tries to use his legs with the aid of crutches at first, and he balances himself on them being unable to secure the as- sistance of his legs. Then gradually he is able to move the legs, to flex the thighs and to raise the feet off the floor instead of scraping his toes on the floor as he walks. Then he slowly acquires control of his feet, and from letting it fall purposelessly on the floor he is able to draw up his foot and to plant it flat--but he still drags it along after him and feels as if he were walking on cotton wool or paper. In the next stage he discards crutches and takes to the assistance of a stick, and so with returning power and returning feeling he gradually comes to use his feet in a normal manner. Con- valescence is slow but is steady, normal sensation returning last.of all. When recovery occurs in the dropsical variety its progress is slow-gradually the œdema of the extremities and of the body becomes resolved, the turbulent action of the heart is regulated, sensation becomes normal, and power of locomotion is regained. The last returns most slowly of all.
In the atrophic form the first sign that shews itself is a sensation of weakness in the legs accompanied by shooting pains in the front of the legs and calves, and there is tenderness in the calf muscles. This pain is striking, because on examina- tion of the skin over the affected muscles and the other part of the leg large areas of partial or total anaesthesia are met with. This weakness is accompanied with inco-ordination of the gait which may become so pronounced as to lead to the necessity of keeping in bed. Weakness of the muscles of the hand also sets in so that the grasp is lost: and there may be tremulousness. Later the finer move- ments of the hand are impaired and anesthesia to greater or less extent sets in. Then actual wasting of the muscles of the legs and arms occurs, and a typical picture is presented. An extremely emaciated man is seen lying helplessly -able to perform some of the coarser muscular movements, but unable to stand or walk: he has wrist drop and also ankle drop-the knee reflexes are lost, but the organic reflexes remain intact. The tongue is clean, the appetite good, the breathing is quiet and regular, and the pulse is normal. Sometimes a degree of anæmia may be co-existent when hæmic murmurs may be heard at the base of the heart. mental faculties are not impaired. Gradual recovery may now. take place with slow convalescence, or death may take place from progressive atrophy or from some intercurrent complication.
1
The
141
Mild laryngeal and tracheal catarrh are often said to usher in the disease, or to be present in an aggravated form in the later stages. Such, however, we have never found in our cases.
This
The Diagnosis.
presents no difficulty at all to any one who has the least acquaintance with the disease. The points upon which we rely are:-
(1.) Anæsthesia over legs.
(2.) (Edema over the shin.
(3.) Pain on pressure of calf muscles.
(4.) Loss of knee reflexes.
(5.) Heart touble-palpitation, &c.
Cases in the later stages present no difficulty whatever their appearance is diagnostic.
It may happen, however, that in some cases difficulties may present them- selves and, therefore, we should be careful to eliminate such diseases as may shew some likenes to Beri-beri.
A.-Alcoholic Neuritis.-In this there is a history of alcoholism to guide us- there is progressive weakening of the legs, and anesthesia, general tremulousness and perhaps albumin in the urine.
B.-Arsenical Neuritis.-Symptoms of arsenical poisoning are present, viz., diarrhoea, abdominal pains, numbness, tingling, bloody urine. There is no œdema. Sensation may be lost. No ankle clonus or knee-jerk.
C.-Lead Poisoning.—Characterised by pains in joints, blue line on gums, colic, wrist drop-no pain in affected muscles.
D.-Malarial Cachexia.-No loss of reflexes. History of repeated attacks of fever. Anæmia-perhaps enlarged spleen. Microscope may help-shewing para- sites; no anæsthesia. No rapid wasting of muscles.
E-Locomotor Ataxia.-Characterised by girdle pains, Argyll Robertson pupil, anæsthesia of soles of feet-loss of reflexes-chronic course-history of syphilis.
F.-Epidemic Dropsy-Sets in with sudden dropsy, fever, vomiting, diarrhoea -no pain in muscles, no loss of reflexes, no anesthesia.
G.-Heart Disease.-Signs of affection, such as murmurs, enlargements: œdema of lower extremities, albumin in urine-no paralysis, no anesthesia.
H.-Bright's Disease.-Indicated by swelling under eyes and in legs: albu- min in urine no loss of sensation, of reflexes, of power of movement.
I.—Ankylostomiasis.-This is very insidious-progressive anæmia and per- verted appetite characterise it. No paralysis or loss of reflexes, or anesthesia. Miscroscope shews ova in fœces.
J.-Pellagra.-History of eating maize-knee-jerks exaggerated--very chronic course--tremors and tetany-inco-ordination of gait. No tenderness of muscles.
K.-Ergotism.-History of eating rye. Gangree of extremities sets in. Ting- ling in skin. Knee reflex lost.
L.-Lathyrism.--History of eating pulse. Knee-jerks increased. No tender- ness of muscles, no inco-ordination, no paralysis, no anaesthesia.
M.-Myelitis.-Rapid onset and fatal result-loss of reflexes-paræsthesia- incontinence of urine. No pain or tenderness over paralysed muscles.
All these diseases and conditions enumerated above run their own course and shew their individual particular symptoms: a careful consideration of the case and a recollection of the fundamental symptoms and signs should lead to no difficulty in the diagnosis.
*
142
Duration of the Illness.
This varies much and is proportionate to the intensity and the development of the disease on admission. The slighter degrees of the illness get well within a short time, but the more severe the illness the more prolonged is the period that it bas to be subjected to treatment, and the more prolonged the convalescence. Some cases were in hospital under treatment for upwards of one hundred and two hun- dred days; one indeed for as long as 360 days. In an analysis of nearly 3,000 cases we find that the average duration of treatment was 40 days for males, and 42 days for females. Nothing definite, however, can be laid down. Variations occur as in all diseases that run an acute, sub-acute or chronic course.
Its Mortality.
In the majority of countries where the disease is endemic or epidemic the percentage rate of mortality is low. Thus in Japan SCHEUBE noted a percentage of 3.7%, but BALZ only 2.5%. In one hospital in Tokyo it was barely 1% for men, and 3%, for women. In the Dutch Indies the troops suffered to the extent of 2% to 6%. Among the Chinese in Sumatra and native Javanese and Filipinos it was stated at one time to be from 60% to 70%. Latterly, however, the mortality is low. The last figures are exceptional.
In Hongkong the death-rate has been persistently high. The Table No. XI shews this.
Of 3,118 cases analysed, 1,510 died--males contributing a percentage of 49%, and females 35.4%. Each year there was a slight variation, but a uniformly high level was maintained; among the males the variation was from 58.5% to 34.8% with an average mortality of 49.5%-among the females the variation was greater, from 62.5% to 15.4% with an average of 35·4%.
We are unable to offer any explanation of this very high mortality, save that we might take into consideration the fact that a fairly large number of cases was admitted moribund, dying within a few hours, or so ill that they died within one, two, or three days of admission.
Year.
Moribund.
Died within One Day.
Died within Two Days
Died within Three Days.
Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females.
17
2
3
729
2
1
1
8
0
()
9
1246
5
1
0
23
13
31
17
8
10
0
11
0
...
22
22
0
7
0
2
0
10.
25
3
21
1896,
1897,
42
1898,
24
1899,
39
1900,
83
1901,
54
1902,
90
1903,
61
1904,
115
APNN 09 10 0 KO
4
508
19
122
5
92
8
67
2
Duration of Treatment (in cases which succumbed).
The duration of treatment in hospital varied greatly. A few cases were under treatment for long periods-for instance, one died 210 days after admission, a few
143
others after long periods varying between 101 and 182 days: the majority how- ever succumbed after much shorter periods which varied each year.
Average Residence in Days.
Year.
Males.
Females.
1896,
20
16
1897,
32
42
1898,
18
28
1899,
32
4
1900,
23
38
1901,
23
12
1902,
25
36
1903,
45
35
1904,
14
15
We may conclude from this Table that the severity of the disease varies from year to year: that in some years it runs a rapid course and carries off the patient quickly, that in other years when the type is not so grave it runs a slower course. We may also infer, from the prolonged duration of treatment that the type and severity may undergo variation in the same year.
The Mortality with reference to Age.
On reference to Table No. VII, and a study of the curve it will be seen that the aggregate mortality during the ten years under review reaches its height in the quinquennial age-period 26-30. From the age of 6 to 15 years the curve is flat; thereafter there is a rapid rise in each of the next periods 16-20 and 21-25 : and the curve reaches its height during the years 26-30. After that there is a -consistent rapid fall till the age-period 41-45: and there a slow fall till it approa- ches the base line and runs fairly flat during the last three quinquenniads 61-65, 66-70, 71-75. Here we note a similarity to the admission curve (q.v.). The lar- gest number of admissions occurs between the ages of 21-30: the largest number of deaths between the same ages. It would seem that the fatality of the disease is great in early adult life, and bears a proportionate relation to the numbers attacked.
The mortality curve for females runs a fairly level course though there is a heightening of it during the quinquenniads 16-20, 21-25, 26-30.
Rate of Mortality according to Sex and Age Periods.
Period.
Total Percentage.
Percentage of
Males.
Females.
6-10
43
50
40
11-15
40.6
37.5
43
16-20
38.4
43
17.5
21-25
45
46.3
23
26-30
51
51.4
39
31-35
50
50
57
36-40
55
55
58
41-45
51
50.3
75
46-50
45
45
23
51-55
59
59
50
56-60
70
66.6
100
61-65
41.5
30
100
66-70
90
75
100
71-75
33
50
:
.
!
141
A study of the foregoing Table shews that the percentage mortality is high at all the age-periods but especially high in males between 51 and 60 years, and between 66 and 70 years. In females it is high from 6 to 15 years, then there is a drop in the next 5-year period, a gradual rise from 21-25 which continues into the next quinquenniad. After this the percentage is very high from 31-45 years of age, and then there is a noticeable drop during the period 46-50 followed by a rise from 51 to 55. In the next three quinquenniads the percentage reaches 100, after which it drops to 50 during the period 71-75.
It would thus be seen that the mortality percentage rules high in adult life, and that the disease especially among females is very fatal in the more advanced periods of life, the capacity of resistance among them decreasing with advancing years.
Incidence with reference to Occupation.
We append a Table No. VI in which we have analysed the occupation of the patients in the case of males 2,710, and females 197.
A very large majority of cases occurred among the coolie class, of whom $78 were relieved and 857 died. Under the heading "Workman" 178 were treated, 88 being relieved and 90 died. This term refers simply to those employed in manual unskilled labour. Masons come next in the list, numbering 165, of these 86 were relieved and 79 died. Seamen constitute a fair number-59, with 29 deaths and 30 recoveries. Hawkers constitute a large proportion-79, of whom 30 were relieved and 49 died. Carpenters, Boatmen, Barbers all contribute a fair share, and so do Tailors, Rattan-chair makers, Servants and Cooks. Other trades and occupations furnish a very small proportion of cases.
The list serves to shew that practically no trade is exempt from the disease. From a consideration. of the Table we may draw the following inferences :---
(1.)—That the disease is universally prevalent among the community.
(2.) That it, especially affects the working classes.
(3.) That the professional classes, leisured classes and merchants are practically exempt, though a case here and there testifies to inference (1) above.
The total number of coolies admitted amounted to 1,730 constituting a per- centage of nearly 60. It is well known that their surroundings, domestic and otherwise, and their food and habits, are not altogether unexceptionable. Gene- rally they are crowded together at work and in the house, natural sanitary laws are set at defiance, their personal habits are unclean, their food is of the poorest quality and the cheapest. In all Beri-beri countries these are the conditions which obtain among those that contract the disease. We are compelled, therefore, to regard them as having a causative relation to the disease in the direction of predis- position; a similar statement may be made with reference to other classes, especially of workmen.
The Question of Contagion and Infection.
From our observations we are of opinion that the disease is neither contagious nor infectious-(vide Part III). When a case is removed from any locality, say for instance some institution where the disease has appeared, and is freely allowed to go among other people, we have not seen any cases develop. Cases are con- stantly taken into the wards of a General Hospital but no fresh cases arise. From facts like these and from the result of our experimental work we are of opinion that the evidence against contagion and infection is very strong. Cases are some- times produced which are stated to refute this statement, but the underlying fallacy in these is one practical ignorance of the length of the period of incubation.
Length of Exposure before Manifestation of the Disease.
This varies within wide limits. We were able to calculate this very exactly in the outbreak which occurred in the Po Leung Kuk. The first two cases occurred. on May 14th. The inmates who were admitted into the Institution, (and who were all found to be healthy on examination), after this date-May 14th-were obviously
.
a
145
J
subjected to the influence of the noxa of the disease. These being under daily medi- cal inspection and supervision the first signs of Beri-beri were carefully sought for and noted if found. An exact record was made and shews a very wide varia- tion from 31 days' exposure to 103 days. As we do not know exactly the period of incubation, nor with any certainty what are the symptoms which mani- fest themselves during this incubation period, we must include the incubation period in this period of exposure.
We found the first signs shew itself as follows:-
2 cases in 31 days.
2
33
""
>>
1
37
""
>>
1
53
""
""
2
2
58
62
68
29
""
**
1 case
in:
72 days.
1
78
>>
1
84
21
י
1
90
3
>>
**
93
:9
>>
103
"1
3)
77
>>
We may justifiably conclude that a lengthened period of exposure is necessary in order to contract the disease.
Recurrence or Re-infection and Relapse.
Beri-beri is a disease which does not confer immunity upon those who have suffered from it. Indeed one a tack of it may be a predisposing cause for another attack and perhaps to repeated attacks. We were informed by a medical man that he knows a patient, a domnestic servant, who contracts it regularly every year for the past 18 or 20 years. The proportion of cases of re-infection is about 1 in 10 or 12 cases.
With reference to the question of a relapse, we are of opinion that relapses do not occur and that cases classed as such are really cases of re-infection.
The Cause of Death.
Death may occur from heart failure principally, or from some sub-acute or acute pulmonary complication. It may sometimes ensue with appalling sudden- ness. A patient who may apparently be progressing favourably and may shew signs of a favourable issue may without warning succumb to cardiac failure. On the other hand the disease may drag a slow length towards an unfavourable termi- nation. The dry form of Beri-beri becomes steadily worse, the general atrophy progressively becomes more intense, until death ensues.
Acute infectious diseases may sometimes supervene on Beri-beri and be fatal- small-pox, plague and enteric are known to occur. Malaria also co-exists and may prove fatal. In point of fact the majority of cases of Beri-beri which are of a chronic or sub-acute nature are liable to be infected with any other disease.
Prophylaxis.
In order to prevent the outbreak of Beri-beri amongst people who are liable to be confined in buildings for any period of time the following measures should be adopted :-
(1.) The buildings should be well ventilated.
(2.) There should be no overcrowding.
(3.) The food supply should be ample in quantity and of good quality.
(4.) The drainage should be perfect.
(5) The buildings should be so constructed as to get all the sunshine
possible.
(6.) Damp in the buildings should be avoided.
(7.) The inmates should have regular exercise in the open air..
(8.) The greatest personal cleanliness should be ensured.
<
146
On the outbreak of the disease in an institution the inmates should be promptly removed from it, and the following measures taken :—
(1.) Building should be disinfected and then all the doors and windows
should be kept open and fresh air and sunlight allowed to enter.
(2.) The clothing should be disinfected.
(3.) The furniture should be disinfected.
The Treatment.
*
As long as the cause remains undiscovered treatment must be empirical and symptomatic, and cannot be specific. For this reason it is unnecessary to go into any detailed account of the remedies administered. Benefit seems to be derived from the administration of a variety of drugs. In our hands iron, arsenic and strych- nine in a mixture have proved of great benefit. Strychnine injected into the subs- tance of the muscles has also given good results in some of our cases. Mercury varies in its effect. Massage daily for half an hour at a time does much good- indeed we have great belief in its use. Electricity also does good and should be applied along the course of the nerve and also to the affected muscles. The most effective therapeutic measure is removal of the patient from the locality where the disease manifested itself. Some observers assert that too much stress is laid on this and that the good results are not more apparent than if the patients are permitted to remain. Our observations, however, distinctly recognise the beneficial results of such removal. How this acts is unknown-it may be that the removal is generally to a more hygienic part or it may be that the noxa of the disease is escaped from. Whatever the explanation, the fact remains that removal is one of the most effective measures at our disposal.
The following Tables, etc., are attached :—
I.-Admissions, 1895-1904.
II.-Aggregate monthly admissions, 1895-1904.
III.-Comparative monthly admissions.
IV.-Admissions in quinquennial age-periods."
V.-Monthly admissions, 1895-1904.
VI.-Occupations.
VII.-Deaths, 1895-1904.
VIII.-Comparative monthly deaths.
IX.-Chart of death curve.
X.-Deaths in quinquennial age-periods.
XI.-Percentages of deaths.
TABLE I.
ADMISSIONS, 1895-1904.
Age.
January.
February.
March. April.
May.
June.
July.
August.
September. October. November. December: Total.
147
6-10.
I
:
11-15.
4
...
:
:
...
1
1
:
1
1
:
....
1
1
2
5
1
...
1
...
3
1
1
2
1
4
1
2
3
N
2.
1
15
20
16-20
19
7
1
6 2 10
2
23
6
26
6
34
6
39
15
47
7
27
3
20
4
283
60
21-25
26
3
28
29
4
34
2
49
58
3
90
2
78
4
79
4
65
5
62
58
2
656
43
26-30
333
~
24
1 38
3
37
0
73
5
46
3
62
1
69
2
79
2
70
76
3
56
663
26
31-35
17
1 21
1
22
26
41
1
52
1
53
1
44
0
42
41
0
51
39
2
449
7
36-40
8
3 15
2
21
24
24
1 32
3
38
37
41-45
0
10 0
11
7
0
11
0
10
23
:
:
0
27
3
34
0
35
28
1
323
15
31
2
35
1
13
0
17
1
10
187
4
46-50
0
4
0
5
0
13 1
16
1
18
1
18
1
21
0
19
1
13
1
148
6
51-55.
56-60.
Co
5
1
11
1 14
4.
14
:
6
1
1
10
1
1
87
6
N
1
2
0
N
0
1
N
1
4
N
61-65......
66-70
71-75
1
75-80
...
...
...
:
...
128
17
117
7
145
12
:
:
:
:
1
1 0
1
4
3
5
10
10
3
Co
4
10
1
48
6
1
:
:
1
1
1
1
::.
1
1
1
...
1
***
0
1
1
2
:
:
1
:
0
1
...
...
...
:
:
...
:
...
...
...
:
:
:
:
:
20
4
2
2
...
149
7 253 24 253 18 334
16
337
29
346 22 288 20 306 19 237 15 2,890
2,890 | 206
17
148
TABLE VI.
OCCUPATIONS.
Males,-2,710. Females,-197.
Occupation.
Relieved.
Died. Total.
Occupation.
Relieved.
Died.
Total.
Male. Female. Male. Female.
Male. Female. Male. Female.
Brought forward, | 1,092
34,117 39 2,282
Accountant,
3
3
Machinist,
1
...
Apprentice,
Mechanic,
3
Actor,
Miller,
Beggar,
2
5
Miner,
Boatman,
16
17
33
Merchant,
1
∞142
8
4
2
Barber,
13
15
28
Money-changer,
1
1
Bras--smith,
7
Not stated,
39
17
17
78
Blacksmith,
10
No occupation,
22
62
78
30
132
Butcher,.
Paper-maker,
Baker,
l'ainter,
9
Coolie,
877
853
4 1,735
Photographer,
Chair-maker,
3
Printer,
1
Carpenter,
20
30
50
Prostitute,
2
2
Copper-smith,
Preacher,
Cook,
18
Rattan Chair-maker,
20
26
Cracker-maker,
Rattan Shaver,
Chair Coolie,
Rope-maker,
2
Compositor,
Rice Pounder,
Cotton Spinner,
Druggist,
Sack-maker,
2 Scavenger,
Doctor,
School Boy,
1
1
Destitute,
Engineer,
Electrician,
Excise Officer, Fireman,
Fisherman, Fishmonger,
27
Seaman,
30
29
59
Servant,
15
Shoe-maker,
Shipwright,
1
Silver-smith,
3
A
Singer.
1
Stone Cutter,
3
Farmer,
2
5
Sugar Tester,
Flower Seller,
Tailor,
22
19
41
Foreman,
3
3
Tallyman,
1
1
Fortune Teller,
2
Telephone Boy,
Glass-blower,..
1
1
Tin-smith,
3
Godown Keeper,
1
Washerman..
3
Gardener,
3
6
9
Watchman,
2
Hawker,
30
49
79
Workman,
88
90
178
Mason,
86
79
165
Widow,
1
+
5
Married,
31
30
61
Wrapper,
1
2
Carried forward,... 1,092
341,117
392,282
Total,
1,367
115 1,343
82 2,907
4
400
350
300
250
:200
150
100
.50
Table II.
Chart shewing Aggregate Monthly Admissions during Ten Years 1895-1904.
Jan.
Feb. Mar. April May
May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
:
Highest linc-Aggregate.
Middle line- Males.
Lowest line-Females.
20
200
10
30
40
50
09
80
70
100
06
80
28
06
70
69
50
45
40
35
0%
25
20
15
10
ة
Y
January.
1 2 3
February.
Table III.
Comparative Monthly Admissions 1895-1904.
23 0
March.
April.
69
2 སོ ཥྭཱ སྤྲེ - ཨ ཨ ནྡྷ 2 བ - ཎ ཤ དྡྷི - སཿཔ2༠=ཊྛི-ནྡྷཏྠཱནྡྷདྡྷི-
M
July.
6
May.
1900
123IO COF-∞
1895
June.
1900
1 2 3 4
السلام بنده
wwwww.
Angust.
September.
October.
300 SLE 2010 -
X-SOFA CON
1895
November.
P
December.
= ༣ : *°
ཡ ཙ ༧ སྤྱི ཀ 1 རྟ ཀ འ བཿ 1 ༧ ཤ g ཡ
~1
700
50
600
50
500
50
400
50
300
50
200
50
100
50
Table IV.
Admissions in Quinquennial Age Periods for 10 Years. 1895-1904.
11-15 16-20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 51-55 56-60 61-65 66-70 71-75 76-
* N.B.-7 cases were admitted between 6 to 10 years of age.
A.
Table V.
1895.
Chart shewing Admissions month by month for ten years 1895-1904. 1896.
1897
1898 Jan. Feb. Meb. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mch. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mch. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb, Mch. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. J
This photoend
95
90
70
65
GO
ེཐྲ་ཐ་ལྔ ལྕ
80
75
83
60
10
35
30
25
20
15
10
เร
Table V.
•
Chart shewing Admissions month by month for ten years 1895-1901.
19 0 1
܃
1 8 9 9 19 0 0 1902 Jan. Feb, Meh. Apl. May June July Aug, Sep, Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb, Meh. Apl. May June July Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dee. Jan. Feb, Mch, Ápl, May June July Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dee. Jan. Feb, Meh, Apl. May June July Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov. Dec,
}
ފ
95
90
85
80
75
2225
70
65
60
55
50
45
10
35
30
25
20
20
15
10
5
0
Table
V.
1899.
Chart shewing Admissions month by month for ten years 1895-1904. 19 0.0.
1901.
1902.
Jan. Feb. Mch. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Meh. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mch. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mch. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec
·100
Table V,-Continued.
Chart shewing Admissions month by month for ten years 1895-1904,—Continued. 1903.
1904.
Jan.
Feb.
Mch.
Apl. May
June
July Aug. Sep.
Oct.
Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
Mch.
Apl.
May
June
July
Aug. Sep.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
85
2 2 3
80
75
1
70
65
28 8 13
60
55
50
45
40
35
No co c
30
25
.20
15
10
5
0
TABLE VII.
AGGREGATE DEATHS PER MONTH, 1895-1904.
Age.
January. February. March. April.
May.
June.
July.
August. September.
October.
November. December.
Total.
6-10
149
:
:
:.
:
:
1
1
:
1
1 10
1
1 16
11
:
:
:
:
:
Q
2
1
1
I
6
9
24
1
2
12
122
11
'N
2
225
27
38
23
:.
.:.
:
:
:
:.
19
12
:
:
:
3
6
1
1
10
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 39
1 36
3
33
1
36
30
1 30
1
41
30
36
17
25
2
23
15
2 25
20
...
:
:
:
26
-15
:
e
10
:
:
:
16
7
4
1 19
27
16
1 10
10
:
Q
:
:
:
:
31
37
26
:
23
304
10
1
25
1
341 11
16
227
H
18
1 15
178
7
1
94
3
10
1
67
2
:.
3
3
1
:
4
6
7
1
6
1
2
52
3
4
1
:
...
:
:
:.
:
:..
:.
:
:
:
:.
:
:
:
:
:
:
N
1
:.
P:..
:.
:
:.
4:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:.
:
:
32
6
6
4
6
3
1
...
...
11-15.
00
3
16-20.
10
N.
N
1
1
:.
10
:
1 4
21-25.
10
:
19
18
26-30.
14
1
18
1
19
2 23
31-35
.9
11
11
:
N
17
36-40.
5
13
2
9
15
:.
41-45
:
1CD
46-50.
51-55.
1
:
:
:
N
56-60.
61-65.
Q
:
:
66-70.
1
71-75
75-
:..
63
1
1
1
1
1
:
:
:
1.
1
1
:
:
:
∞
81
7 65
:
:
:
:
:.
:
5
125
4 111
157
.161
168
5 156
Co
150
112
7|1,437
76
150
TABLE XI.
PERCENTAGES OF DEATHS.
ADMISSIONS.
DEATHS.
PERCENTANE OF
TOTAL
YEAR.
PER-
CENTAGE.
Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total.
Males. Females.
1895,
117
Ι
118
63
1896,
136
13
149
46
1897,
166
15
181
90
1898,
162
8.
170
80
1899,
265
16
281
115
29X8O
0
63
53.4
53.8
0
48
31.5
34.8
15.4
98
53.0
53.6
53.3
85
50.0
49.4
62.5
7
122
43.4
43.4
43.7
1900,
335
25
360
19!
11
202
56.1
57.0
44.0
1901,
390
27
417
195
11
206
49.4
50.0
40.7
1902,
409
12
1903,
265
17
1904,
667
72
272
421
212
3
215
51.0
51.8
25.0
282
155
6
161
57.1
58.5
35.3
739
287
23
310
42.0
43.0
32.0
2,912
206
3,118
1,434
76
1,510
48.6
49.5
35.4
65
GO
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
1895
50
45
40
35
ΤΟ
25
20
15
10
5
0
10 3 1 0 0
July.
1900
55
1895
09
February.
Table VIII.
Table to shew Comparative Monthly Deaths.
1 2
1 2 3 4
January.
March.
123 TO ON∞9
g ཡཿ ཚ ཤ ཥ - ཋ ཏྠཱ ཡཿ ཨ ཨཏཱཾ ཨནྡྷ2༠ནྡྷུཊྛིཡ
April.
1895
May.
June.
༠ * -༠ནྡྷུ
August.
1900
1234
پسند
при
September.
123 +
October.
123
November.
December.
ཉྫཱ ཨི ཨི སྤྱི ་ ཊྛཱ 1 ཨ དྡྷཉྫཱ ཎg -དྡྷའཚgཆག
m
15
100 10 pl
65
60
55
ગ
50
45
40
35
330
25
20
15
10
5
0
Table IX.
·
1895.
Chart shewing Death rate for 1895-1904.
1896.
1897. Jan. Feb. Mch. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mch. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mch. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.
65
Table IX.
Chart shewing Death rate for 1895-1904.
1899
•
1900.
Jan. Feb. Mch. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mch. Apl. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mch. Apl. May June July Aug, Sep, Oct. Nov. Dec.
60
55
50
11335
45
40
35
30
2235
20
15
1898.
10
LO
O
65
60
55
50
45
Table IX.
Chart shewing Death rate for 1895-1904.
1902.
1901.
Jan. Feb. Mch.
Apl.
May
June July Aug.
Sep.
Oct.
Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
Mch.
Apl.
May
June
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
L
July
Sep.
Aug.
Oct. Nov.
Dec.
65
60
55
50
45
40
333535
3333
30
25
20
15
10
0
Table IX.
Chart shewing Death rate for 1895-1904.
1904.
1903.
Jan.
Feb. Mch.
Apl.
May
June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
Mch. Apl. May
June July
Aug.
Sep.
Oct.
Nov. Dec.
50
400
50
300
50
200
50
100
50
f
Table X.
Chart shewing Deaths in Quiquennial Age Periods.
1895-1904.
6-10 11-15 16-20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 51-55 56-60 61-65 66-70 71-75
151
4.—PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY.
Excellent opportunities are afforded at the Government Public Mortuary for a careful study of the Pathology of Beri-beri. During the past three and a half years over 500 cases of Beri-beri have been examined post-mortem, and the chief lesions and changes noted. All varieties of the disease have been found, but for general purposes, it has been found preferable to divide the cases into Dropsical forms and Atrophic forms.
From our experience in Hongkong, the dropsical form of the disease has formed the larger number of the cadavers sent for pathological examination. This type of the disease would appear to be the most frequent in Hongkong, and this frequency of one particular form of Beri-beri in different parts of the world has been noted repeatedly by other observers. Variations in different places in the same country are also found, and the malignancy of the disease often varies in different years.
The post-mortem examinations which have been held in Hongkong have been upon cadavers of all ages and both sexes. A few cases have occurred in young adults and children but whether the occurrence of Beri-beri symptoms and patho- logical appearances in the latter, are to be regarded as true Beri-beri is still a matter for dispute. The discussion of this question will be dealt with under a separate heading.
By far the largest number of autopsies have been made upon male cadavers. The female sex would appear to enjoy a comparative immunity from the disease. During the period mentioned only 5% of the total number of post-mortem examin- ations on cases of Beri-beri have been made upon female cadavers. An explana- tion of this freedom is difficult to offer. In all probability it is dependent upon the differences in the manner of living, between the sexes.
It is to be regretted that in the majority of cases examined a history of ill- ness was not ascertainable. This was due to the fact that most of the bodies sent for section were found in the streets, in deserted houses, or on the hill-sides.
Beri-beri cadavers shew pathological changes which are of great interest. These structural alterations are generalised throughout the body and are usually so profound as to be easily recognised. Taken individually none of the pathological changes can be regarded as distinctive of the disease. It is only by careful collec- tion of the lesions present, and by a process of exclusion, that a diagnosis of true Beri-beri may be arrived at.
As no recent references regarding the pathology of the disease as met with in Hongkong have been made within recent years, an account of the results obtained during the past 3 years is of interest.
As already mentioned two types of the disease have been distinguished, namely, the Dropsical form and the Atrophic form. The following is a descrip- tion of the post-mortem appearances of each.
The Dropsical Form.
To an expert the external appearance of the dropsical Beri-beri cadaver is fairly typical. The cyanotic swollen face with starting eyes, the engorgement of the veins of the head and neck, appearing as blue cords below the skin, the bloody froth about the nose and mouth, and the general corpulent appearance of the body and extremities, coupled with occasional subcutaneous hemorrhagic extrava- sations, lead us to suspect the cause of death. In countries in which Beri-beri is endemnic, these external appearances presented by a cadaver are held by many tropical sanitary experts to be sufficient to establish a correct diagnosis and thus obviate the necessity of post-mortem examination. In our opinion such methods of corpse inspection are unscientific and much to be deprecated, and with the gra- dual disappearance of native prejudice, corpse inspection ought to be completely supplanted by routine post-mortem examination. If this be not done such statistics as may be compiled are of little value, and the relative incidence of the disease- throughout our Colonies determined by a method directly opposed to the princi- ples and practice of medicine.
152
In Dropsical Beri-beri the bodies externally appear to be well nourished. This appearance, however, is but a false impression, and is largly dependent upon the development of general anasarca before death. The rate of decomposition of the bodies is when compared with those of the acute infectious fevers, relatively slow. Further, the condition known as foaming organs is not so frequently found in Beri-beri corpses as amongst those of the acute specific fevers.
Post-mortem lividity is usually pronounced especially on the face, neck and back. This discolouration is not so pronounced as one finds in the case of a cons- titutional infectious disease, e.g., Pest. Rigor mortis may be present. In some cases it is practically absent.
The skin is usually normal in appearance. Old scars which have nothing to do with the disease are frequently found scattered over the body surface. Erup- tions may be present but it is questionable if they have anything to do with the disease. Subcutaneous haemorrhages may be found but are not frequent in the type of cases met with here.
No special pigmentation of the skin or mucous membranes has ever been noted.
On section of a Beri-beri corpse the first thing which strikes the eye is the amount of watery fluid in the subcutaneous tissues and body spaces. In well- marked cases of the dropsical variety, a mere cut in the skin occasions a regular outflow of clear serous fluid. The subcutaneous tissue has a jelly-like or mucoid appearance and from this the fluid pours continuously. Subcutaneously a consi- derable quantity of fatty tissue may be found, but its consistence and colour, etc., shew this layer to be in a state of degeneration. Indeed the appearance of the subcutaneous tissue, apart from the large amount of fluid present, in a well-marked cadaver resembles that found in newly-born children. This great infiltration of the subcutaneous tissue with serous and mucoid-like fluid is characteristic of drop- sical Beri-beri,
The pericardial sac in marked cedematous cases is usually distended with fluid. The parietal layer is usually slightly congested and may shew a few petechial hæmorrhages. On opening the sac a clear straw-coloured fluid, free from flaky material, wells out often in enormous quantity. Milky patches are frequently found present scattered over the surface of the epicardium. These, as well as the tissue along the course of the main coronary vessels are usually infil- trated with fluid and have a swollen, mucoid and translucent appearance. Occasionally the coronary vessels look as if they were embedded in a clear yellowish jelly-like substance. Usually there is no evidence of pericarditis.
In all cases of dropsical Beri-beri the heart as a whole is enlarged. The extent of this enlargement varies within wide limits. Occasionally hearts of enormous size are found like the so-called "bullock's heart." Coupled with this enlargement one usually finds a considerable increase in the weight of the organ. The amount of fatty infiltration on the heart also varies. In the majority of cases the fatty deposit is in excess. The coronary arteries are usually normal. The auricles, especially the right, are usually dilated. The right ventricle in the majority of cases is markedly dilated and contains a large solid and firm blood clot. Occasionally a certain amount of hypertrophy of the wall of the right ventricle is found, especially in cases of a more chronic nature. AS HAMILTON WRIGHT puts it-dilatation and more or less hypertrophy of the right ventricle is. the rule in cases of beri-beric residual paralysis. The left ventricle is usually only slightly dilated, and its walls are often found in a state of marked hypertrophy, especially when the cases have run a chronic course. In acute cases, on the other hand, dilatation may exist without hypertrophy. The walls of the ventricle_are usually pale in colour and greasy and friable to touch. The cardiac muscle is almost always in a state of fatty degeneration, although the degree of this degener- ation varies extremely in each individual case. On opening the heart enormous quantities of extremely dark-red blood escapes which is perfectly fluid. allowing it to stand for a few minutes freely exposed to the air, it becomes of a brighter red colour and begins to clot. As is generally now accepted, this peculi-
Un
153
arity on the part of Beri-beri blood is accounted for by the fact of the presence of an excess of CO2. The valves of the heart are usually competent. Tricuspid incompetence may however be met with. Scattered over the inner surface of the cavities of the heart numerous small petechiæ are frequently found.
The aorta, arteries and veins are frequently the seat of extensive atheromatous degeneration. This however has little to do with the disease, and is a common pathological change among the Chinese over 30 years of age.
The upper respiratory passages are in almost all cases normal. Hyperæmia and dema of the epiglottis is found rarely. Occasionally the mucous membrane of the entire larynx is in a similar condition. The trachea may also be found congested, and on its mucous membrane a thick yellowish secretion is frequently found. The bronchi usually contain an appreciable quantity of secretion which may be simply bubbly mucus, or of a purulent or semi-purulent
nature,
The lungs on opening the chest only partially collapse. They are usually crepitant throughout. As a rule these organs are full of oedematous fluid which wells out profusely from the cut surface. On squeezing the latter a bloody frothy fluid and watery mucus oozes in large quantity. In addition to the presence of cedema, emphysema to a varying degree is usually present and this is occasionally so pronounced as to cause the anterior edges of the lungs to meet over the percardial sac. Hypostatic congestion of varying degree is usually present in the posterior and lower portions of the lung tissue. A considerable proportion of . cases of Beri-beri end fatally owing to the supervention of pneumonia.
The pleural cavities are usually normal. Adhesions are frequently present but these are common amongst the Chinese who often suffer from sub-acute and localised pleurisies. Bilateral Hydrothorax is the rule in all well-marked cases of dropsical Beri-beri-both cavities being more or less full of clear yellow-coloured fluid. The bronchial glands are usually normal. In extreme cases of general anasarca they may be slightly enlarged owing to the presence of oedematous infil- tration and cortical congestion. Amongst the Chinese old tubercular deposits are frequently found in these glands.
The thymus gland in young adults may be slightly enlarged owing to oedema and congestion.
The peritoneum is almost always normal. It may be thickened owing to the presence of oedema. Hydroperitoneum is usually present and may be extreme. The fluid, as in the other cavities, is clear yellowish and viscid in character.
The condition of affairs found in the alimentary canal in Beri-beri, has within recent times been the subject of considerable dispute. Most authorities state definitely that the digestive tract in this disease present nothing of any great patho- logical importance. Other investigators as HAMILTON WRIGHT and his collea- gues in Malaya, however, attach considerable weight to the presence of certain alimentary lesions. They regard the changes present as more or less constant, as typical for Beri-beri, and the point of entrance of the materies morbi of the affect- ion. HAMILTON WRIGHT in his most recent publication on the pathology of Beri- beri describes what he calls the primary lesions, namely, a gastro-duodenitis, and in his conclusions follows up this statement by a considerable amount of weighty evidence in favour of his view. Whether this theory,
Whether this theory, which up to the present is an isolated one, will be confirmed by subsequent workers, will be awaited with considerable interest. If this conclusion be established that "the premonitory gastro-duodenal syndrome of Beri-beri has as its pathological basis a definite gastro duodenitis", and that this is the primary lesion of the disease, all that remains to be done is to establish the presence of a definite exciting cause of such a lesion. So far no micro-organism has been brought into definite causal relation- ship with the disease and all attempts by HAMILTON WRIGHT and others to isolate a biological cause of Beri-beri have failed up to the present time.
154
The following is a brief resumé of the results of our post-mortem observa-
tions:-
The mouth, including the teeth and tongue, is usually normal. The pharynx may be congested and its mucous membrane swollen owing to celem- atous infiltration. The oesophagus is in almost every case normal-congestion is uncommon. The condition of the stomach varies according to the severity and duration of the disease. In well-marked cases of moderate duration, this viscus will be found dilated and in a condition of muscular atony. The peritoneal coat is normal. The other coats and especially its mucous membrane are usually thickened, soft and oedematous. On opening and cleansing the
On opening and cleansing the organ the appear- ance of the mucous membrane is very variable. It
It may be normal, and all grades from this to the presence of passive congestion, necrosis, and hæmorrhagic extra- vasation, are to be found on examination of a large number of cases. In a few, as already stated, the mucosa is normal to the naked eye. In others the cardiac end is normal, whereas the pyloric end is congested, angry-looking, and presents a few blood extravasations. At other times small points of necrosis of varying size may be found in addition. In still another series of cases the whole mucous coating of the stomach is congested, reddish-black in colour, and contains numerous scattered extravasations of blood of variable size. The necrosed areas may or inay not be present. If they are. they are of varying size and shape, and the dead tissue may be removed easily, leaving a raw but dead-looking floor. These irregularities in the mucous membrane caused by sloughing are not marked by the presence of surrounding cellular infiltration, and their edges and floors shew but little attempt at re-organization. Lying between the folds of the mucosa one usually finds a considerable amount of thick, greyish-yellow, tenacious mucus.
The condition of the duodenum also varies within wide limits. The gut may be normal or it may shew the changes already described under the stomach. The hæmorrhages, punctiform or diffuse, into the mucous membrane of the duo- denum, are chiefly found on the coats of the valvulæ conniventes. Necrosis of the mucous membrane has not been observed.
The jejunum is frequently congested, but in many cases nothing abnormal is to be noted.
The ileum may be normal.
be normal. At other times congestion to a varying degree is present and may be accompanied by the presence of a few punctiform blood
extravasations.
The lymphatic tissues of the small intestine do not appear to be affected
The condition of the cæcum resembles that of the other portions of the small intestine.
The large intestine presents no characteristic change of a pathological nature. The mucosa may be thickened and soft owing to the presence of oedematous infiltration. Otherwise it is usually normal.
The rectum is usually normal.
In dealing with the large gut one has to be careful to exclude any lesions of a dysenteric nature which may be present. A thickened colon with old scars and increased pigmentation is frequently found amongst the Chinese, and is to be referred to recent or remote inflaminations of a dysenteric nature.
The mesenteric lymphatic glands may be normal. Frequently, however, they are found moderately enlarged owing to oedematous infiltration and congestion. The latter is only slight and cortical.
The mesentery is thickened and sodden, being drenched with œdematous fluid.
The foregoing description of the pathological changes found in the alimentary canal have been formulated from the results of a large number of typical cases of dropsical Beri-beri. It will be noted that such changes as are found are subject to considerable variation. Congestions, mostly of a passive character, are common, and, as a result of this and other factors, which will be discussed later, necrosis of limited extent, and hæmorrhagęs make their appearance. Tissue changes of a
*155
true inflammatory nature do not appear much in evidence. Indeed, on the other hand, the conditions met with in the stomach and other parts of the gut suggest an absence of trophic nerve influence, nerve degeneration, and consequent vascular engorgement, stasis, hæmorrhage, etc.
The descriptions and interpretations of the condition of the alimentary gut given by us, are totally different from that recently furnished by HAMILTON WRIGHT; who somewhat forcibly drives home his theory of gastro-duodenitis as the prim- ary lesion of Beri-beri, indicating thereby the existence in this part of the gut of a definite acute inflammation, excited by some particular germ, and resulting in the advent of the well-known symptoms and signs of Beri-beri.
The liver is usually increased in size, weight and specific gravity. Its con- sistence is firm and capsule is stretched and usually has a congested parenchyma shining through it. Hæmorrhages into the capsule are rare, In cases of Beri- beri of short duration, the capsule of the liver is normal, but in the more chronic cases thickenings are frequently found in it. These are localised and scattered over the surface of the organ. They are greyish-white in colour, and ramify and branch in a tree-like fashion. This peculiar form of capsular thickening is also found in connection with the spleen and some other organs.
It is not specially characteristic of Beri-beri and is found in other diseases, such as chronic malaria, but in the disease under consideration it is usually peculiarly well defined. On section the liver frequently drips with blood and watery fluid. The colour of the parenchyma is usually normal, or darker than normal. Fatty changes are often found well marked. Cirrhosis of the intra-lobular variety is frequently found in chronic dropsical cases. The gall bladder is usually distended with bile. The walls are thickened, soft and oedematous. Blood extravasations are rare. The
bile is thick, tenacious and dark-green in colour.
The spleen varies extremely in size and weight. It may be normal but in other cases spleens 3-4 lbs. in weight and of enormous dimensions have been found. This variation, however, would not appear to depend wholly upon Beri- beri and is due probably to other causes, e.g., malaria. Capsular thickenings of the spleen are very common, and may reach 3-6 m.m. in thickness. The organ is usually moderately congested and on section bleeding surfaces are left. A general fibrosis of the organ is frequently present.
The condition of the kidneys varies. They may be normal, at other times cloudy swelling and congestion is present. Usually the capsule peels readily from the surface. Slight cirrhosis is not infrequently present. Hæmorrhages are rare. Edematous thickenings
The other genito-urinary organs are normal.
are found in marked dropsical cases, being part of the generalised anasarca.
The supra-renals and pancreas are normal.
The membranes of the brain and spinal cord are thickened. This is either patchy or generalised. Their contained vessels are full of dark-red fluid blood. The cerebro-spinal fluid is usually in excess. The brain and spinal cord are usually normal to the naked eye, but are firmer owing to oedematous infiltration below the pia mater, and the existence of slight increase of fibrous tissue.
To recapitulate the naked eye pathological changes found in dropsical cases of Beri-beri may be summed up as follows:-
1. General anasarca and dropsical accumulations.
2. Venous hyperæmias and their results.
3. Fibrotic accumulations of varying degree.
The Atrophic Form.
The external appearances of atrophic Beri-beri cadavers are vastly different from that of the foregoing variety. There is a typical picture of anæmia and ad- vanced emaciation. In old standing examples of the disease the cadaver is prac- tically skin and bone, and as the body is viewed on the post-mortem table the pos- ture assumed is varied owing to the presence of inuscular contractures and other deformities.
A
*
156
The general nourishment is extremely poor, the eyes are sunken, rigor mortis is variable in its degree, and post-mortem lividity is usually present in traces about the most dependent parts. The skin may shew atrophic changes, and sores of various kinds are frequently present especially over the bony prominences of the posterior parts of the cadaver, and there is increased pigmentation. In general, the impression produced by the corpse inspection of a typical and advanced case is that some constitutional disease of an extremely chronic nature was the cause of death and that the latter supervened only after the individual had been reduced to a condition almost approaching mummification.
On opening the body one notes the extreme wasting of the muscles. They are soft and flabby and tinged of a yellow colour. The subcutaneous fat is at a minimum. The tissues often appear as if dried and shrivelled. In some cases a slight quantity of thin, serous fluid oozes out from the tissue spaces.
This is of a
The pericardial sac usually contains a slight excess of fluid. clear yellow colour and watery character. The pericardial layers are thickened, and often present an opaque white appearance due to an increase in the amount of dense white connective tissue. Frequently the mucoid and swollen appearance is found, similar to the condition met with in the dropsical forms of the disease. Pericarditis is scarcely ever found.
The condition of the heart varies. It may be enlarged and flabby. Usually however the organ is normal in size, in a condition of systole and its walls thickened. A certain degree of hypertrophy of the right ventricle is found asso- ciated with more or less dilatation. The left ventricular wall is also thickened. The walls of the heart are usually somewhat hard and friable. The amount of granular and fatty degeneration of the cardiac muscle varies in each individual case. Sometimes the already inentioned jelly-like substance is found in consider- able amount in the walls. It lies embedded between the layers of the cardiac muscle, under the epicardium, and also along the course of the coronary vessels. The valves are usually competent. The presence of petechiae is uncommon.
The blood is similar to that found in the dropsical variety. It is fluid, very dark in colour, and clots after its removal from the body. Firm clots are fre- quently found in the ventricular cavities. Frequently these are of ante-mortem origin.
The lungs, on opening the chest, do not collapse. They are usually hyper- crepitant throughout and emphysematous changes are predominant. Edema to a varying degree may be present, particularly about the posterior and basal regions of the organs. The visceral layers of the pleura are usually thickened owing to fibrosis and in this membrane and lying beneath it one frequently finds accumu- lations of varying amount of the clear jelly-like substance of a yellow colour.
The pleural cavities usually contain a small but varying amount of clear yellow fluid.
Pleurisy is rarely met with.
The peritoneum is usually normal. Thickenings of the membrane are occasionally found, and are due in most cases to localised modules of mucoid tissue. A varying increase in the amount of peritoneal fluid is usually present and its character is identical with that found in the other serous cavities of the body.
The alimentary canal presents nothing of any great significance. The variable changes found in the dropsical variety are rarely met with in this type. Generally speaking the whole of the gastro-intestinal tract is in a state of atony, its walls are thinner and pigmented, and jelly-like material is present in varying amounts, especially along its mesenteric attachment. There is nothing in the alimentary tract to stamp it as the primary focus of the disease.
!
157
The liver presents little alteration in size and shape. Its consistence is firm usually owing to the presence of an increased amount of connective tissue. The peculiar thickenings of the capsule described in the other variety are often present to a marked degree.
The spleen varies much in size, is usually fibrotic and shews the thickenings of its capsule as already described. It presents nothing further worthy of note.
The kidneys apart from slight interstitial changes present nothing
abnormal.
The brain and spinal cord are usually normal to the naked eye. Under the pia mater the mucoid substance may be found in varying quantity.
Conclusions :---
1.-Emaciation, variable in degree, due to chronic wasting and degene-
ration of tissues.
2.-Fibrosis of the organs and tissues.
3.—The infiltration of jelly-like material into the various organs and
tissues, consequent upon the degeneration of the latter.
158
5.—BACTERIOLOGY.
Like most diseases of wide geographical distribution and even recurring in- cidence amongst the natives of many of our most important colonies, the Etiology of Beri-beri has been the subject of much careful investigation. Prior to the days of the microbic theory of disease, Beri-beri was attributed to causes such as cold, heat, rains, fatigue, etc., upon which the investigator placed great significance, and which are now recognised as mere general predisposing causes of the majority of diseases affecting man..
It would be out of place in such a Report as the present to attempt to unravel the chaos of theories which has accumulated within the
past few years, and espe- cially since the advent of Bacteriology and Pathological Chemistry. It will be sufficient to note here that since this date, the theories regarding Beri-beri have, in the main, run along two lines, namely, the Diet Theory and the Gerin Theory.
Regarding the Diet Theory, Nitrogen Starvation, Deficiency of Fat, and In- fected Poisonous Foods all these liave been adduced, with many plausible arguments, as excitants of the disease. On the other hand, the Bacteriological Theory includes the discovery in Beri-beri of the most varied species in biology from worms down to amabæ and bacteria. In the presence of such a chaotic mass of theories and literature regarding the etiology of Beri-beri, it is obvious that the subject still requires much investigation along absolutely unbiassed lines of research. It has seemed to us that so far as the bacteriological theories are concerned and the re- sults of bacteriological investigation, too much attention has been paid to the fashionable cause of disease at the present day, namely, bacteria. In such investi- gations of the unknown causes of certain diseases, one must always bear in mind, that although the tendency at the present day is to cause everything to be bacte- riological, there must be many discases affecting man the etiology of which has nothing to do with biology. The significance of this is at once apparent regarding the disease at present under consideration, as many recent investigations shew. Although some experts on Beri-beri who have dealt voluminously with the subject declare that the factors regarding the diet theories can be reduced ad absurdum, and that the only theories which may hold sway are bacteriological, we believe that still much remains to be done from the point of view of pathological chemis- try. Indeed we doubt if the disease has ever been dealt with thoroughly by an expert pathological chemist.
During the present research our investigations have been necessarily limited to the bacteriological side of the question and the negative results which have been obtained as regards the etiology of the disease have much to recommend further research, not along bacteriological principles, but along the lines pursued by the expert pathological chemist.
If it be granted that the disease is bacteriological in its etiology there is little to recommend the theory of gas-intoxication of MANSON. We cannot conceive a disease such as Beri-beri with its many manifestations being stirred up in such a manner. Noxious or non-noxious gaseous effluvia could scarcely cause Beri- beri. The results of PEKELHARING and WINKLER may be verified by anyone posses-ing bacteriological knowledge. Cocci, pigment producing or otherwise, bacteria, etc., may be isolated from almost every case of Beri-beri and from almost every organ in such cadavers. Such micro-organisms, however, have no great pathogenic effect on animals and so far as one can judge they bear no causal relationship to the disease. The isolation of such micro-organisms as cocci, bacilli or bacteria, is not limited to Beri-beri cadavers, they may be isolated from almost any cadaver of a few hours old. With a knowledge of the rapid post- mortem wanderings of micro-organisms and the influence of the tropical climate on the degree of rapidity of decomposition, one cannot be surprised at the advent of such organisms in our culture tubes, particularly if the technique employed is in the slightest degree defective. Again, therefore, we wish to emphasize that, in our opinion, the micro-organisms isolated by PEKELUARING and WINKLER have no connection with Beri-beri, and their isolation by these workers was due to the circumstances mentioned in the foregoing.
159
Coming to the most recent of germ theories of Beri-beri, namely, that formulated lately by HAMILTON WRIGHT, it has been our chief aim to follow out this as carefully as possible during the present enquiry. Put before the medical pro- fession as it has been by WRIGHT, such a theory of Primary Gastro-duodenitis due to a micro-organism (probably not unlike the B. Diptheria in its action) lying latent in some unknown form and multiplying in the stomach and duodenum, re- quires earnest consideration before it can be accepted or refuted. At the outset HAMILTON WRIGHT accepts the dogma that Beri-beri is to be classed as an acute specific infectious disease.. The arguments for and against such a statement are many, and it is our intention to deal with this branch of the subject under a sepa- rate heading. Given the infectivity of the disease, WRIGHT shews us the primary lesion of the disease in the gastro-duodenal mucous membrane and notes the inci- dence of bacteria in such tissue, as are pathological in this locality. He likens the growth of such bacteria in the mucous membrane to that of diphtheria and is in- clined to attribute all the well-marked evidence of the presence of Beri-beri to secondary degenerations called forth by the action of an assimilable toxin elabor- ated by the bacilli locally in the gastro-duodenal mucosa and absorbed directly into the general blood stream. According to WRIGHT hoards of a particular form of bacillus are found between the epithelial cells of the pathological mucous mem- brane, and the number of these gradually diminish as the healthy mucosa is reached.
Further than these bland statements as to the incidence of bacteria in the mucosa of the alimentary tract in Beri-beri, we find little in WRIGHT's paper on the subject regarding the isolation of his special bacteria and the results which he obtained on testing his cultures experimentally. Without such data one feels bound to attribute little importance to that part of WRIGHT's researches which deal with the bacteriology of the disease. Indeed we may go further and point out that as the alimentary tract throughout its entire course is a regular hotbed of all sorts of biological life, the mere finding microscopically, in sections of the damaged gut, of hoards of bacteria can excite no surprise or suspicion that these micro- organisms are actually the causal agents of the disease. In the pathological section of our report we mention that in our opinion the pathological condition as found in the gastro-intestinal mucous membrane was not an active process, but one due in the main to passive congestion. Hæmorrhages and broken down areas of mu- cosa were described, and necrosis was mentioned as being present in a certain number of the cases. Given therefore such a mucosa lining a gut full of milliards of biological life, it is to be expected that should such a membrane become patho- logical, the morbid areas must afford an excellent nilus for the growth of such organisms, and their presence in section in enormous numbers would certainly be noted. In the experimental part of our research, it will be seen that the bacteria of the gut and its membranes of cases of Beri-beri are non-pathogenic when intro- duced into the alimentary tract of other animals.
Apart from our experimental studies our researches along bacteriological lines have been directed as follows:
I-BLOOD.
(a.) Blood films from several hundred cases of Beri-beri of all types have been examined according to the latest tinctorial methods including LEISHMAN'S modification of ROMANOWSKY'S method. In every case a negative result as regards organisms was obtained.
(b.) Large quantities 10-20 c.c. of blood have been taken ante-mortem from acute cases of Beri-beri, in nearly 50 cases, and transferred to a variety of nutrient media either in flasks or in test tubes. Subsequently some of these were incubated, and others were grown at the room temperature. The flasks and tubes were kept under observation for at least 14 days. In every case in which the technique was faultless, the flasks and tubes remained sterile.
(c.) · Blood was directly transferred from Beri-beri cases to a number of ani- inals. The result was constantly negative (vide Experimental section).
The
II. SPLEEN PUNCTURES during life were made in nearly a hundred cases. blood obtained was treated in exactly the same way as that described under
Blood" (a.), (b.) and (c.). In every case a negative result followed.
160
III. THE DROPSICAL ACCUMULATIONS.
Fluid from the pleural and abdominal cavities and subcutaneous tissues has been examined bacteriologically (culturally and experimentally). In a certain proportion of the tests the presence of the inhibiting alexins in such fluids was destroyed by heat. Subsequently all the flasks containing the fluid and nutrient media were incubated. All tests made in this way were negative.
IV. THE CEREBRO-SPINAL FLUID (lumbar puncture and post-mortem).—This fluid was also examined microscopically and bacteriologically, the examinations being made after thorough centrifugalisation in order to obtain a suitable deposit. Bacteriologically the tests were similar to those given under the foregoing headings. The results were negative as regards organisms in every instance.
Post-mortem Results.-Microscopic examinations of smears of almost every organ and tissue of fresh Beri-beri cadavers have been made in a large number of cases.
Indeed in every case of Beri-beri examined post-mortem smears of the blood spleen and liver are always prepared stained by LEISHMAN'S method and examined microscopically. All our microscopic examinations in these cases have given a negative result.
Bacteriologically.-The tests applied were those usually adopted in order to isolate micro-organisms, namely, plate cultivations, tube inoculations and the em- ployment of a variety of nutrient media. The experimental tests were also applied (vide Experimental part of the research).
In fresh cadavers inoculations were made into nutrient media from every organ. In many of the cases cocci and bacteria of various species were obtained in pure culture, thus agreeing with the results of PEKELHARING and WINKLER. On applying further tests, inclusive of experimentation, with these micro-organisms, the results obtained shewed that these cocci and bacteria, bore no causal relation- ship to Beri-beri.
·
Repeatedly cultures were made from the gastro-duodenal mucous membrane especially from the areas of necrosis and hæmorrhagic extravasations. Bacteria were isolated according to the aerobic and anaerobic methods, but these on further examination proved to be organisms having nothing in common with the disease and whose natural hatitat is the intestine.
From these examinations which have extended over several years, and from the general negative results as regards a specific biological excitant of the disease, we feel assured that the organisms hitherto isolated by many observers are of extraneous origin, and have no causal relationship to Beri-beri. Again, the bacteria noted by HAMILTON WRIGHT in his recent memoirs on this subject can be demonstrated again and again in the pathological areas of the gastro intestinal mucosa, but their presence must be regarded as the result of secondary bacterial invasion of the pathological mucosa.
Supplementary evidence of these all-round negative results is supplied in the experimental part of our research. There, it will be observed, experiments of the most varied character were undertaken, and notwithstanding the application of all the methods known to induce the incidence of the disease amongst animals, the results were uniformly negative throughout.
A
In conclusion, therefore, it may be said that the bacteriological methods so far applied to cases of Beri-beri have failed to isolate for us a specific pathogener of the disease, Naturally we cannot definitely say that the disease is of a non- bacteriological nature, yet we are strongly of opinion that in the absence of posi- tive results after many searching biological investigations by ourselves and others, a specific infectivity as regards Beri-beri must lose much of its significance, and the disease, in the future, relegated to the confines of the pathological chemist.
161
ON THE PRESENCE OF MICRO-ORGANISMS IN THE
BLOOD STREAM OF BERI-BERICS.
Previous workers on this subject have described micro-organisms which were formed in cultures made direct from the blood. The organisms described by these investigators were usually of the nature of cocci and rod-shaped bacteria. The cocci were often of the chromogenic variety, and so far as one can gather from the descriptions given of such organisms, they would appear to differ but slightly, indeed if at all, from the micro-organisms found ubiquitous in nature, and in the deeper folds and sebaceous ducts of the normal human skin.
The bacteria described up to the present would also appear to come under the same category, and so far as one can gather have but little to do with the disease under consideration, and much less with its etiology.
During this research experiments were undertaken on an extensive scale, and under very favourable conditions for the final determination of the presence or absence of any forms of micro-organisms in the blood stream of Beri-beri patients. In our examinations acute cases of Beri-beri were chosen to begin with, and later on the experiments were supplemented by the examination of the blood streams of the dropsical and atrophic varieties of the disease.
The technique employed was the following:-Peptone bouillon was prepared according to EYRE's method, and transferred to tubes. Each tube contained approximately 20 c.c. of bouillon. These bouillon tubes were kept under incuba- tion for at least a week previous to being used for purpose of cultivation. Great care was always exercised in maintaining absolute sterility of the medium used. The tubes of bouillon were prepared in the Bacteriological Laboratory and transferred to the Tung Wah Hospital for inoculation. The patient was prepared for a venesection of the arm. The arm having been rendered aseptic by the use of thorough washing, alcohol, sublimate, etc., one of the superficial veins was com- pletely severed at the bend of the elbow. The blood was allowed to flow into a porcelain dish and escape slowly for at least 30 seconds. Thereupon the bouillon tubes were brought to the bedside, the cotton wool plugs carefully removed and from 10-20 c.c. of blood were allowed to pass into each tube. Several tubes were inoculated with the blood of each patient. After the operation, pressure was applied over the wound and in no instance did adverse conditions shew them- selves subsequently. The tubes were removed to the Laboratory as soon as possible and incubated for definite periods. In other cases tubes of agar- agar and other media were used and filled with blood extracted from the patient in the same way.
All these were subsequently incubated for long but indefinite periods. Further flasks of a capacity of 1,000 c.c. were filled with bouillon to the extent of 250 c.c. These were tested before use as to their sterility by incubation at 37° C. for over a week. They were inoculated with blood from typical cases of the disease-one flask being used for each patient, and each receiving at least 50 c. c. of blood.
By these methods it is obvious that if micro-organisms were present in the blood in cases of Beri-beri these means would undoubtedly settle the question. A large number of experiments were made because of the difficulty of rendering the skin absolutely aseptic and the prevention of extraneous organisms entering the flask when exposed in the airy wards of a tropical and Chinese Hospital.
The following is a description of the results obtained :---
Experiment No. I.
Nature of case.
Media.
No. of Tube.
Quantity of Blood.
Period of Incubation.
Result.
Acute Beri-beri, Bouillon.
7 days ill.
122 TH LO
10 c.c.
7 days.
2
15 c.c.
Mould. Sterile.
3
10 c.c.
""
14 days.
4
10 c.c.
19
"7
5
10 c.c.
""
•
162
Experiment No. II.
Nature of Case.
Media.
No. of Tube. Quantity of Period of
Result.
Blood.
Incubation.
Acute oedematous
Beri-beri,
Bouillon.
1
10 c.c.
14 days.
Sterile.
2
10
14
""
""
""
10 days ill,
3
10
""
4
10
5
10
14 21 days. 21
""
""
""
Experiment No. III.
Quantity of Period of
Nature of Case
Media.
No. of Tube.
Result.
Blood.
Incubation.
Acute Beri-Beri, 1 week ill,
Bouillon.
OTP WN-
1
5 c.c.
21 days.
Sterile.
2
5
21
??
27
19
10 c.c.
21 "?
""
5
10 10
21
11
""
21
27
""
Experiment No. IV.
Quantity of Period of
Nature of Case.
Media.
No. of Tube.
Result.
Blood.
Incubation.
Atrophic Beri-beri, Bouillon. 4 months ill,
1
5 c.c.
21 days.
Sterile.
2
10 c.c.
14
19
""
5 c.c.
21
""
4
10 c.c.
30
Mould. Sterile.
""
5
10 c.c.
30
""
""
Experiment No. V.
Nature of Case. Media. No. of Tube. Quantity of Period of
Acute Beri-beri, | Agar-agar.
10 days ill.
10 10 10 10 10
1234 0
5
Blood.
Incubation.
14 days.
Result.
5
c.c.
Sterile.
14
""
""
14
""
""
14 14
19
Experiment No. VI.
Nature of Case.
Media. No. of Tube. Quantity of Period of
Result.
Blood.
Incubation.
Acute, Pernicious, Agar-agar.
Beri-beri, 1 month
1
2
10 cc.. 10
1 month.
Sterile.
1
Mould.
""
ill.
3
5 c.c.
1
Sterile.
""
4
Mould.
""
5
5
1
Sterile.
""
>>
163
Experiment No. VII.
Quantity of Period of
Nature of Case.
Media.
No. of Tube.
Result.
Blood.
Incubation.
Acute, Pernicious
Blood-Se-
Beri-beri, 1 week rum Agar.
ill.
123 O
2
5 c.c. 10 c.c.
14 days.
Sterile.
14
وو
"J
5 c.c.
4
5 c.c.
14 19 21 days.
""
""
5
5 c.c.
21
""
Experiment No. VIII.
Nature of case.-A Chinese male adult, aged 50, suffering from acute oedematous Beri-beri. The duration of the illness was approximately 14 days.
Method of Experimentation.-One litre flask containing sterile peptone bouillon was inoculated with 50-60 c.c. of this patient's blood. The technique as regards pre- vention of extraneous contamination was found to be rather more difficult than in the case of the test tube experiments. The flask was subsequently incubated at 37° C.
In 24 hrs.--a diffuse turbidity of the broth was found with the formation of a delicate membrane on its surface.
In 72 hrs.-the turbidity was more pronounced with the accumulation of a considerable amount of greyish-white granular deposit. The surface membrane was now found to be thick and wrinkled of a greyish-white colour, and covering the entire surface of the bouillon. It was tough and with difficulty could be broken up on severe agitation of the bouillon.
Microscopically--the growth was found to consist of rod-shaped organisms. These were found to be single or in pairs, and occasionally in threads, they were mobile, and could be easily stained with any ordinary dye. Spore formation was present. Subsequent plate and sub-cultivation on different media shewed this micro-organism to be the only micro-organism present, and it was later identified as the Bac. mesentericus vulgatus or potato bacillus, which is so commonly found in nature, and has no relationship to the disease under consideration.
Experiment No. IX.
Nature of case.-A Chinese male adult suffering from acute Beri-beri of 10 days' duration, was bled in the usual way, and according to the technique already described. A flask of peptone bouillon was inoculated with about 30-40 c.c. of blood (venous) which was introduced into the flask and well mixed with the broth.
Subsequently the flask was incubated at 37-C.
After 24 hrs.-the bouillon was turbid and the flask shewed the presence of a granular deposit.
Microscopically-a drop of the bouillon shewed the presence of cocci and rod-stained preparations of this medium shewed the cocci lying singly, in pairs, and in small groups. They stained well by GRAM's method and generally resembled staphylococci. The rod-shaped organisms were found to be identical with those found in Experiment No. VIII.
The cocci were isolated in pure culture and proved to be a mixture of staphylococcus pyogenes albus and aureus, organisms which are found ubiquitous in nature and on the body surfaces of all human beings.
The micro-organisms present in this flask were utilised for the purpose of experiment.
164
Experiment No. IX A.
One rabbit was inoculated subcutaneously on November 3rd, 1904, with the bouillon containing both varieties of organisms.
On the following day a small localised swelling was found over the seat of inoculation. The temperature was normal.
The animal continued in a good state of health until November 8th, 1904, when it received 2 c.c. of a 24-hr. old bouillon culture of the staphylococci present in this flask.
During the next few days the rabbit remained well.
November 12th, 1904.-Another 2 c.c. of the bouillon culture of the micro-cocci were inoculated subcutaneously.
November 18th, 1904.-2 c.c. injected as on November 12th.
November 20th, 1904.-The animal is well, feeds, and has no diarrhoea. A small abscess has developed over the site of the injection of November 12th. The knee-jerks are present, there is no apparent terderness on pressure over the abdomen, and the rabbit moves and functionates as other animals do.
November 25th, 1904.-2 c.c. of the flask used for Experiment No. XI were injected subcutaneously.
From this time onwards until the middle of January, 1905, the rabbit remained in a fair state of health. There was never any sign of Beri-beri. About the latter end of January subcutaneous abscess formation took place and the animal died from general septic poisoning.
Although the animal was frequently examined during the experiment, which lasted about three months, no sign of Beri-beri was elicited. There was never any distension of the abdomen or epigastric tenderness on gentle pressure.
The knee-jerks could always be elicited and pressure on the leg muscles did not appear to evoke any discomfort.
Experiment No. IX B.
The experiment is similar in almost all respects to the previous one.
November 3rd, 1904.-One rabbit was inoculated subcutaneously with 3 c.c. of the bouillon.
November 8th, 190.-5 c.c. of the contents of the flask used for Experiment No. XI, inoculated subcutaneously.
The result of these injections was negative. Apart from localised swellings over the site of inoculation, the animal shewed no discomfort. The temperature remained normal. It will be obvious from these inoculations that the micro- organisms present in the flask possess practically no pathogenicity.
November 19th, 1904.-The animal contracted pneumonia and died the follow- ing day.
There never was any sign of paralyses, epigastric tenderness, oedema, or tenderness of the muscles. The knee-jerks could always be elicited.
Post-mortom Examination.-Double fibrinous pneumoina; no evidence of lesions indicative of Beri-beri found.
Experiment No. IX C.
For details of this Experiment reference should be made to Observations on Sheep-Experiment No. 2.
165
Experiment No. X.
The nature of this experiment and the technique employed were identical with that found in Experiments Nos. VIII and IX.
After incubation of the flask at 37° C. for 48 hours, a mixed growth of cocci were found. These proved to be staphylococci, chromogenic and non-chromoge- nic varieties being both present. There was nothing distinctive about these mi- cro-organisms. They answered to all the characteristics and cultural tests of the ordinary ubiquitous staphylococci.
The contents of this flask were utilised for the carrying out of the following experiments :-
One Monkey.
Experiment No. X A.
The animal was previously tested as to its good health and during the experiment the temperature was tested twice daily.
November 7th, 1904.--The animal received subcutaneously 10 c.c. of the cul- ture in the flask.
November 8th, 1904.-The inoculation made yesterday appeared to have no effect upon the animal. There was a slight local swelling over the site of the ino- culation. There was however no fever.
Thereupon, 10 c.c. of the flask used for Experiment No. XI was injected subcutaneously.
November 11th, 1904.-Diarrhoea set in to-day. The animal appears weak and very apathetic. It can only with difficulty be made to stir from the crouching position.
November 12th, 1904.-The diarrhoea has become more pronounced. The animal appears to be in a condition of septic poisoning. The knee-jerks are pre- sent and the monkey shrieks when touched. It is evidently in great pain. There are no evidences present of acute Beri-beri.
November 14th, 1904.-The animal died to-day.
Post-mortem Examination.-The body was greatly emaciated. Rigor mortis was present (4 hours after death). The subcutaneous tissues shewed no cedema or mucoid appearance. The lungs were normal. There was no excess of fluid in the pleural cavities. The heart was dilated and contained dark fluid blood. Several small ante-mortem clots were found present. The cardiac muscle was found to be soft and flabby and degenerated. There was no endocarditis. The mucous membrane of the stomach was injected and eroded, with numerous patches. of hæmorrhagic extravasation. The intestine throughout was in a condition of acute follicular enteritis. The mesenteric glands were enlarged and soft and shewed points of hæmorrhagic extravasations. The spleen, apart from congestion, was norinal. The kidneys were congested. Smear preparations were made from the spleen and the heart blood, and shewed the presence of staphylococci. This was confirmed bacteriologically. The cause of death was put down as staphylo- coccic ptomaine poisoning.
One Monkey.
Experiment No. X B.
The conditions were the same as those of Experiment No. I. The usual preliminary precautions were taken.
November 7th, 1904.--The monkey was inoculated subcutaneously with 6 c.c. of the culture in the fluid.
November 8th, 1904.-A small localised swelling was found over the site of the inoculation. There was no rise in temperature.
166
November 9th, 1904.-5 c.c. from the same flask was again incorporated subcutaneously.
November 10th, 1904. -No reaction found except a small localised swelling. The temperature became subnormal.
November 11th, 1904.-10 c.c. of the contents of the flask used for Experiment No. X was injected subcutaneously.
November 12th, 1904.-Local reaction found but no elevation of temperature November 13th, 1904.-Diarrhoea set in.
November 14th, 1904.-The animal died to-day.
Throughout the experiments, no signs of symptoms of Beri-beri shewed themselves. The doses of the culture given were large but it must be remembered that previous experiments had shewn the culture to be possessed of but small virulence.
Post-mortem Examination.-The condition of the internal organs was similar to that found in Experiment No. I, and need not be detailed.
The cause of death was chronic poisoning due to the incorporation of large amounts of staphylococci and their ptomaines.
One Rabbit.
Experiment No. X C.
After determining that the animal was in perfect health, the following ex- periment was made.
November 7th, 1904.-2 c.c. of the bouillon growth was injected sub- cutaneously.
November 8th, 1904.-The temperature is 104° F. The animal is dull and apathetic, and refuses food.
November 9th, 1904.-The temperature was normal. The animal was livelier to-day. The swelling at the site of inoculation is fully developed but shews no signs of softening. The animal was tested for the presence of signs of Beri-beri. The knee-jerks were present. There was no epigastric tenderness and no tender- ness on pressure over the muscles.
November 10th, 1904.-2 c.c. of the same bouillon again injected beneath the skin of the abdomen
November 13th, 1904.--Still no signs of Beri-beri.
November 15th, 1904.-2 c.c. again injected.
November 18th, 1904.-No evidence of Beri-beri.
November 21st, 1904.-2 c.c. again injected.
November 25th, 1904.-There is no evidence of a sign of Beri-beri. The animal moved and functionated like other normal rabbits.
November 29th, 1904.-Diarrhoea set in.
December 2nd, 1904.-The animal died to-day.
Post-mortem Examination.-Cause of death was diarrhoea.
sign of Beri-beri.
Experiment No. XI.
Absolutely no
The conditions and technique of the experiment were the same as in the pre- vious experiments. A well marked case of edematous Beri-beri was chosen for the venesection.
The flask was subsequently incubated at 37° C.
:
1
167
Micro-cocci in pure culture were found and agreed in all points with the ordi- nary staphylococcus epidermidis albus..
The following experiments with this culture were made. been noted under the following different headings:-
All of these have
Experiment No. 1. Experiment No. 2. Experiment No. 1. Experiment No. 3.
Experiment No. XI A.-Vide Observations on Sheep. Experiment No. XI B.--Vide Observations on Sheep. Experiment No. XI c.-Vide Observations on Fowls. Experiment No. XI D.-Vide Observations on Fowls. Experiment No. XI E.-Vide Experiment on Rabbit, under Experiment
No. IX A. (Blood in Beri-beri }.
Experiment No. XI F.-Vide Experiment on a Monkey. Experiment X a.
(Blood in Beri-beri).
Experiment No. XII.
Nature of experiment was the same as No. XI.
Mixed cocci were found-chromogenic and non-chromogenic-and agreeing with the characteristics of staphylococcus albus and aureus.
The contents of this flask were not used for experimental purposes.
Experiment No. XII.
The nature, technique employed, and the result of the bacteriological examin- ations were identical with Experiment No XI,
present, namely, staphylococcus albus.
No experiments were made.
One variety of micro-coccus was
Experiment No. XIV.
This experiment was carried out in the same way as the previous one. A well marked atrophic case of Beri-beri was used for venesection. The result of the bacteriological examination was the isolation of cocci and rod-shaped bacteria. The cocci were of the ordinary staphylococcie variety and the rods shewed themselves closely related to the colony group.
Owing to the mixed growth of micro-organisms no experiments were made with this bouillon.
Conclusions.
The results of these experiments shew more or less clearly, that micro- organisms of the common type are absent from the blood during an attack of Beri-beri. The repeated sterile result after inoculating bouillon and agar tubes with appreciable quantities of freshly flowing blood, demonstrates more or less clearly the non-bacteriæmic nature of the disease.
The findings of other workers who have pinned their faith in the micro-organ- ismal nature of the disease must, as a result of our investigations, be looked upon in a different light. The prevention of contamination is a difficult matter even in the hands of an expert, and the description of the presence of micro-cocci and bacteria of several kinds must be regarded as the result of defective technique in the methods applied for the determination of this important question.
168
6.-EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCHES.
These researches occupied the greater part of our time and seemed to offer us the best opportunity of locating the exact etiological factor in Beri-beri. After the account given by HAMILTON WRIGHT of natural Beri-beri infection of monkeys, coupled with the negative results obtained by other methods of investigation, it appeared to us experimental methods would in all probability bring to light this much sought for factor in Beri-beri. Naturally these experiments were undertaken from as wide a standpoint as possible. Monkeys were used on a large scale and subjected to experimentation by almost every method known. In addition, pigs, sheep, calves and a horse, rabbits and fowls were made extensive' use of. The following is a resumé of the inethods adopted, with a detailed account of the experiments themselves:-
1.-Observations on Monkeys.
A.-Natural Infection.
B.-Feeding experiments-
(1) With Beri-beri blood. (2) With spleen substance.
(3) With gastro duodenal mucosa.
C.-Subcuntaneous Inoculation-
(1) With Beri-beri blood.
(2) With spleen blood.
(3) With cerebro-spinal fluid.
D.-Intraperitoneal inoculation with Beri-beri blood.
2.-Observations on Pigs.
A.-Feeding experiments-
(1) With Beri-beri blood. (2) With spleen substance.
(3) With brain substance.
(4) With cerebro-spinal fluid.
(5) With gastro duodenal mucosa and other abdominal organs.
3. Observations on Sheep.
A-Vaccination experiments with spleen pulp. B-Feeding experiments with Beri-beri blood.
4.-Observations on Calves.
· Subcutaneous inoculation with Beri-beri blood.
5.-Observations on Rabbits.
A.-Natural infection.
B. Subcutaneous inoculation with Beri-beri blood.
C.-Feeding experiments-
(1) With Beri-beri blood.
(2) With spleen substance.
6.-Observations on Fowls.
A.-Feeding experiments with spleen substance and blood.
7.-Observations on a Horse.
A.-Subcutaneous inoculation with Beri-beri blood.
=
169
Observations on Monkeys,
A.-NATURAL INFECTION.
This series of experiments was undertaken in order to confirm, if possible, the recent observations of HAMILTON WRIGHT on Beri-beri in Monkeys. [Vide "Brain," Winter 1903].
Description of Experiment. The rooms of the Po Leung Kuk in which the majority of the cases of Beri-beri had occurred (in the outbreak in that Institution) were reserved for this test. The rooms were left in exactly the same condition as when they were used by the inmates of the Po Leung Kuk.
Two monkeys were placed in each room, and in order to facilitate the onset of the disease, the windows of the roonis were kept shut, and the light excluded as far as possible.
Previous to the commencement of the experiments, the monkeys were kept under observation for several days, and their blood microscopically examined.
The following is a resumé of the experiments:-
Experiment No. 1.
Animals-Two monkeys.
Nature of Experiment
The monkeys were incarcerated in a presumably infected room in the Po Leung Kuk. The shutters were closed and the room darkened. The animals were allowed their full freedom in the room. Their diet consisted of bananas, sugar cane, peanuts and boiled rice bought in one of the local markets, and was strictly the same as that of the other monkeys under observation.
They were placed in the room on September 26th, 1904, and kept prisoners in the room without a break until the end of January. 1905, i.e., for over four months. The condition of the animals was noted daily. They lost weight slightly but were able to climb and seramble over the furniture and walls like normal. monkeys. They eagerly devoured their food; there was no diarrhoea, and their temperature never varied beyond normal limits.
At the end of their incarceration, the monkeys, except for a slight loss in weight, were healthy and their movements and reflexes were normal.
Subsequently the monkeys were kept in cages under continued observation. for a further period of four months, at the end of which the animals shewed no sign of disease, and could eat, walk and climb as well as many other monkeys. At the present time-the middle of October, 1905, i.e., over twelve months since they were first placed in the infected room-these two animals are in sound health.
During the period of their incarceration the blood of the animals was examined microscopically on several occasions. Its contents was without excep- tion normal.
Experiment No. II.
Animals-Two monkeys.
Nature of Experiment: -Identical with No. I.
The animals were incarcerated over five months.
They were subsequently
under close observation up to the date of writing. namely, the 19th October, 1905, that is, over one year. Both animals are alive and healthy at the present time.
Experiment No. III.
Animals. Two monkeys.
―
Nature of Experiment:-The same as that described under Experiment No. I. Period of incarceration-5 months.
170
Total period of observation-One year.
Result. Both animals are alive and well at the present time.
Conclusions:-
The conclusion to be drawn from these experiments is that the incarceration for months of monkeys in rooms presumably infected with the so-called Beri-beri virus, failed to induce the occurrence of the disease in them. We were unable to confirm the results of HAMILTON WRIGHT.
B.--FEEDING EXPERIMENTS.
After the publication by HAMILTON WRIGHT of his observations on the nature of Beri-beri and his theory of a definite primary lesion in the disease, feeding experiments were resorted to as a possible means of inducing infection. Again, as certain observers, as PEKELHARING and WINKLER, GERRARD and others, claim to have found micro-cocci, etc., in the blood stream of Beri-beri patients, feeding animals with the blood of such cases seemed to afford the best opportunity for a successful mode of conveyance of Beri-beri from man to animal. By this method the organisms said to be present in the blood would reach that part of the gut, namely, the gastro duodenal mucosa, alleged to be the site of primary Beri-beri infection, and in susceptible animals set up the disease. It seemed to us that by resorting to such experiments, the question as to the presence of a definite primary lesion in Beri-beri, and our hopes of obtaining positive evidence of the transmission of the disease to monkeys by this method were strengthened by the publication of WRIGHT dealing with natural infection in monkeys incarcerated in presumably infected prison cells.
As already noted under a separate paragraph our results as regards natural infection of monkeys are directly opposed to those of HAMILTON WRIGHT,
In every instance a negative observation was made. At the same time our experiments regarding natural infection might have been unsuccessful for other unknown adverse circumstances, so that the prosecution of other methods of experimentation in monkeys would decide definitely whether these animals (or indeed any animal) can suffer from Beri-beri naturally, or can be infected artificially by simple or drastic methods of incorporation of Beri-beri infected tissues.
The following feeding experiments on monkeys were undertaken :-
Experiment No. I.
Animal-One monkey.
Nature of experiment :-
Feeding with freshly drawn defibrinated venous blood of acute
Dropsical Beri-beri patients.
The blood was obtained under sterile conditions from one of the veins in front of the elbow joint, defibrinated, and imme- diately poured down the animal's throat.
Quantities of blood varying from 40-50 c.c. were administered for a dose. Several doses of the same quantity were given. The animal was fed with blood from different cases of Beri-beri.
Its
The experiment was commenced on the 11th October, 1904. For some days previous, the animal was kept under observation and during this period shewed no signs of disease. The temperature was normal. During the whole period of observation, the temperature of the animal was taken twice daily per rectum. food consisted of bananas, nuts and rice. The condition of the animal was also tested daily, particularly in regard to emaciation, motor and sensory disturbances, knee-jerks and the presence of epigastric tenderness and diarrhoea.
:
MONTH.
Feeding Experiment.
OCTOBER.
DAY.
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1277
MONTH.
22
23 24 25 26 DAY.
F.°
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.°
106.°
105.°
104.°
103.°
102.°
101.°
Fed with freshly drawn blood 40 e.c.
Fed with freshly drawn blood 30 c.c.
C.
!
-41.0
-40.°
-39.°
-38.°
100.°
99.0
-37.°
MONTH.
OCTOBER.
DAY.
27 28 29 30
31
Feeding Experiment.
NOVEMBER.
MONTH.
5
6
8
9 10 11
DAY
F.°
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.0
106.°
105.0
C.
-41.
104.°
-40.
103.°
-39.°
102.°
101.°
-38.°
100.°
99.°
-37.9
2
MONTH.
Feeding Experiment.
NOVEMBER.
DAY. 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
F:
107.°
106,°
105.°
104.°
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
103.o
102.°
Whet
101.
100.°
MONTH.
DAY.
C.°
-41.0
-40.9
-39.0
-38.0
99.0
-37.0
!
171
On the 11th October, at 3 p.m., the animal was fed with freshly drawn blood. 40 c.c. was swallowed. The temperature was 102° F., i.e., practically normal for this animal. From the attached temperature chart it will be seen that during the following 5 to 6 days a distinct elevation of temperature was noted. During this time, however, the monkey shewed no signs of discomfort, being bright and lively and displaying a good appetite; the bowels being normal. An examination of the blood was negative as regards micro-organisms. The other elements of the blood were normal as regards number and nature.
On the 16th October, the animal was examined thoroughly. It could run and jump and was lively, taking its food well with apparent relish. The knee- jerks were normal. Sensation appeared to be normal. No cedema was found and
the animal did not object to pressure over the epigastric region.
The
On the morning of the 19th October, the animal was again fed with blood from an acute case of Beri-beri. The amount swallowed was about 30 c.c. technique was the same as that already described.
This feeding was followed by a slight rise in temperature which continued until the 10th November, when the temperature became steadily 102° or under. The oscillations of temperature were slight during this period, the fever rarely exceeding 103° F.
During this period, i.e., from the 16th October to the 16th November, the animal remained in perfect health. It never shewed the slightest disinclination for food. There was no diarrhoea or loss in weight and the motor and sensory apparatus appeared normal after repeated examination.
After the 16th November the temperature and the condition of the animal were noted until the beginning of February, 1905. The temperature remained steady between 1015 and 102° F. The condition of the animal remained good. No evidence of disease was at any time found present. At the present time (October, 1905,) the animal is alive and well, i.e., one year after the commencement of the experiment.
Experiment No. II.
Animal-One monkey.
Nature of experiment :-
The animal was fed with an emulsion of the Medulla, and Pons.
Varolii obtained from a recently dead case of Beri-beri.
The usual preliminary precautions were observed as regards the
animal, and the temperature was noted daily.
For one month the animal remained in perfect health. There was no rise in temperature, no epigastric tenderness, no loss of knee-jerks, and no paralysis.
About five weeks after the commencement of the experiment the animal con- tracted dysentery from which it died after about 7 days' illness.
Post-mortem examination :--
Cause of death-Acute bacillary dysentery.
No evidence of Beri-beri.
Experiment No. III.
Animal-One monkey.
Nature of experiment:-
Feeding with freshly drawn defibrinated blood of an acute case
of Beri-beri.
The technique was the same as that described in Experiment No. 1 (above).
172
After a month's observation of the monkey it was fed with an emulsion of fresh spleen in normal sterile saline, obtained post-mortem from a Beri-beri cadaver of a few bours old. The temperature was taken twice daily as before, and the physical condition of the animal noted weekly. The temperature chart is not recorded for this experiment. It practically runs the same course as that recorded for Experiment No. 1.
The experiment was commenced on 11th October, 1904, the temperature and the physical conditions of the animal were recorded until the 27th January, 1905, i.e., for 3 months.
At the present time (October, 1905), i.e., one year since the commencement of the experiment the animal is alive and healthy.
C.SUBCUTANEOUS INOCULATION.
(1) With Beri-beri blood.
Experiment No. I.
Animal-One monkey.
Nature of experiment :-
The animal was inoculated subcutaneously with 5 c.c. blood obtained, under sterile conditions, from the median basilic vein of a patient suffering from acute Beri-beri. The monkey was kept under observation for a few days previous to the coininencement of the experiment, its temperature and physical condition being noted. When the experiment was made, the monkey was brought to the bedside of the patient and the blood transferred directly from the arm of the patient to the monkey by means of a sterilised syringe.
5 c.c. of blood was
The inoculation was made on the 27th September, 1904. injected into the subcutaneous tissue over the abdomen. The attached tempera- ture chart shews the course of the body heat during the period of observation. The blood of the animal was examined previous to the commencement of the ex- periment. It shewed nothing abnormal.
The injection of the blood caused a slight rise in temperature which continued for about 8 or 9 days. During this period the animal remained in perfect health, eating well, with no diarrhoea, and all sensory and motor phenomena were carried out and responded to in a normal fashion. The blood was negative as regards organisms.
After observing the animal for a fortnight a feeding experiment was performed. On the 11th October the animal was fed with 30 c.c. of freshly drawn blood from an acute case of Beri-beri. The technique employed was the same as that des- cribed under Feeding Experiments.
This caused a transient rise in temperature, but notwithstanding, the animal fed well, and moved and responded to all stimuli in a normal manner. The blood was again examined but with a negative result.
After another forthnight had passed, the monkey received another subcutane- ous injection of blood, nearly 5 c.c. taken as before from an acute cedematous case of Beri-beri.
This was followed by a rise in temperature lasting 3-4 days. During this period-a month after the first injection-the monkey remained in perfect health.
From this time onwards the temperature remained normal and for this reason the curve has not been continued on the chart.
During the middle of December, 1904, the animal contracted dysentery and died on the 26th December.
1
->
99.°
107.°
106.9
105.°
104.9
103.0
102.°
101.°
MONTH.
SEPTEMBER.
Subcutaneous Inoculation with B.B. Blood.
One Monkey.
DAT
27 28 29 30
N
OCTOBER.
MONTH.
4 5
9 10 11 12
•
DAY.
F.°
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
Ꭷ
c.c.
Sub. inj. blood
Blood negative microscopically.
Blood negative microscopically.
Blood negative microscopically,
Fed with freshly drawn blood 30 c.c.
-38.
100.°
-37.
-39.°
-40.°
-41.°
C.°
#
MONTH.
Subcutaneous Inoculation with B.B. Blood.
One Monkey.
OCTOBER.
MONTH.
DAY.
13
14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28:
DAY
F.°
MEME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.°
106.°
105.0
104.°
103.°
102.°
101.0
Blood negative microscopically.
Blood negative microscopically.
Blood negative microscopically.
C.°
-41.°
-40.°
-39.°
-38.°
100.°
99.9
-37.°
:
Subcutaneous Inoculation with B.B. Blood.
One Monkey.
MONTH. OCTOBER.
NOVEMBER.
DAY.
29 30 31
10
F.°
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.0
106,°
105.°
104.°
103.o
102.°
101.°
100.0
99.°
Sub. inj. blood 5
c.c.
Blood negative microscopically.
MONTH.
DAY.
C.
-41.°
-40.°
-39.°
-38.°
-37.°
[
173
Up to the date of death the animal never shewed the slightest symptom of Beri-beri. Its movements and sensations were normal at all times. There was never any epigastric tenderness or oedema of the extremities. The knee-jerks were normal.
Post-mortem Examination.--The large intestine shewed marked dysenteric ulceration and necrosis. The stomach and duodenum were normal. The organs of the thorax were normal. There were no dropsical accumulations and a miscroscopical examination of the blood and spleen were negative as regards organ- isms.
[A large number of experiments have been undertaken by this method. The subcutaneous inoculation of considerable quantities of Beri-beri blood, obtained from patients suffering from the disease in the acute form, seemed to us to offer good chances of transference of the disorder to animals, especially monkeys, and for the following reasons. Given that the experiments of HAMILTON WRIGHT on natural Beri-beri infection in monkeys are valid, and that there exist, according to certain observers, micro-cocci or other germs on the blood stream, such an experimental method of conveyance of the infection would be almost bound to result in a successful issue.]
Experiment No. II.
Animal-One monkey.
Nature of experiment :-
The technique employed was the same as that employed in Ex- periment No. I. The blood was obtained from a vein in the arm of an acute and oedematous case of Beri-beri.
After a few days' observation the monkey was inoculated with
5 c.c. of blood on the 4th of October, 1904.
As will be observed from the attached temperature chart the injection of the blood occasioned no fever. The blood was also negative bacteriologically.
Up to the 20th October, 1904, i.e., over a fortnight since the commencement of the experiment the animal remained in perfect health. Its motor and sensory apparatus were normal and there was no epigastric tenderness.
On the 20th October, 1904, 5 c.c. of venous blood from another similar case of Beri-beri was injected subcutaneously. This inoculation was followed by a rise in temperature.
On the following day, namely, the 21st October, 10 c.c. of blood was subcutane- ously inoculated from an acute case. On this date the temperature was maintained at 150° F. From this time onwards there was a gradual defervescence.
Still another injection of 5 c.c. of venous blood was given on the 27th October, 1904. This however occasioned no perceptible alteration in the temperature chart.
The temperature curve reached its normal about the beginning of November, that is, about 10 days after its initial rise.
During the febrile period the animal shewed but little signs of being ill. The appetite was poor, but there was no epigastric tenderness and all motor and sensory functions were carried out in a normal fashion. The blood was examined microscopically and bacteriologically on several occasions with a negative result.
From the beginning of November, 1904, the temperature remained normal, so that a continuation of the curve was unnecessary.
The monkey has remained in perfect health and is alive at the present time (October, 1905) functionating normally and to all appearance as well as other monkeys.
1
:
174
[REMARKS: There is always the possibility that monkeys, or even any animal, are not susceptible to Beri-beri. WRIGHT's experiments were positive, ours negative. Given WRIGHT's experiments as positive, then in all probability there are no micro-organisms in the blood of Beri-beri cases.]
Experiment No. III.
Animal-One monkey.
Nature of experiment:-
This was carried out in the same way as the previous two experiments. The usual preliminary observations were made and precautionary measures were taken.
October 8th, 1904.-The monkey received 10 c.c. blood from a moribund case of acute Beri-beri.
October 20th, 1904.-10 c.c. of blood injected from another case of oedematous Beri-beri, in the morning.
October 20th, 1904.-In the afternoon 8 c.c. blood injected.
October 25th, 1904.-4 c.c blood injected.
October 28th, 1904.-8 c.c. blood injected.
Total amount injected, 40 c.c. blood.
(Vide temperature chart).
:
Nothing found in the blood microscopically or bacteriologically.
No ill health of animal, no paralyses, sensory or motor, no epigastric tenderness.
From November, 1904, to October, 1905, the animal has remained in perfect health.
Experiment No. IV.
Animal-One monkey.
Nature of experiment:-
This was carried out in a similar fashion to the three
preceding experiments.
(Vide temperature charts).
Five different inoculations of blood from different cases of Beri-beri were made.
Total quantity of blood injected-30 c.c.
The blood of animal was negative microscopically and bacteriologically. The animal was never ill: there was no paralysis: no epigastric tenderness: no oedema. It was alive and well 9 months after the beginning of the experiment and presented no signs of Beri-beri.
Experiment No. V.
Animal-One monkey.
Nature of experiment:-
This was performed as in the preceding experiments. The usual precautionary measures were taken. The cases of Beri-beri from which the blood was taken were acute and oedematous and atrophic.
Four different inoculations at different periods were performed. In all the animal received subcutaneously 45 c.c. of human Beri-beri blood.
MONTH.
Experiment No. 2.-Inoculation.
OCTOBER.
MONTH.
DAY.
4
6
7
8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
DAY.
F.°
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.°
106.
105.°
104.°
103.o
102.°
5
c.c.
Sub. inj, blood
Blood negative microscopically.
Blood negative microscopically.
-40.°
-39.°
101.°
-38,°
100.°
99.°
-37.°
-41.°
C.
+
MONTH.
Experiment No. 2.-Inoculation.
DAY.
20
21 22
23 24
OCTOBER.
25
25
26 27 28 29 30 31
NOVEMBER. MONTH.
F.°
MEME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.°
106.°
105.o
104.°
103.°
102.°
101.°
100.°
99.°
Sub. in blood
Sub.
cut.
blood
Ꭷ
c.c.
c.c.
10
Blood negative microscopically.
C
Sub. inj. blood
e.c.
Blood negative microscopically,
-40.°
www.
-39.°
-37.°
-38.°
-41.°
C.°
ᎠᎪᎱ.
MONTH.
Experiment No. 3.-Inoculation Monkey.
OCTOBER.
DAY.
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22
2323
F.°
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.°
106.°
105.°
104.0
103.o
102.°
101.°
c.c.
OT
Sub. inj. blood
Sub. inj. blood Sub. inj. blood
ΟΙ
c.c.
8
c.c.
Blood negative mierescopically.
MONTH.
DAY.
C.o
-41.°
-40.°
-39.°
-38,0
100.°
99.0
-37.°
MONTH.
Experiment No. 3.-Inoculation.-Monkey.
OCTOBER.
NOVEMBER.
DAY
24 25 26 27
28 29 30 31
1
2 3
4
5 6
F.°
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.0
106.°
105.°
104.°
103.°
102.°
101.°
4
c.c.
Sub. inj, blood
Sub. inj.
blood 8
C.C.
Blood negative microscopically.
00
MONTH.
DAY.
C.o
-41.°
-40.°
-39.°
-38.0
100.°
99.°
-37.°
:
MONTH.
DAY.
F.°
107.°
106.°
105.°
104.°
c.c.
OJ
inj. blood
Sub.
*
Experiment No. 4.-Inoculation with Blood.
OCTOBER.
00
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
2223
MONTH.
23
DAY.
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
Blood
negative.
103.°
102.°
wwwwwww
101.°
100.°
99.o
פיני
3
Sub. inj. blood
C.°
-41.°
-40.°
-39.0
-38.°
-37.°
;
MONTH.
Experiment No. 4.-Inoculation with Blood.
OCTOBER.
DAY.
24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
F.°
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.°
106.°
105.°
104.°
103.°
102.°
101.°
5
C.C.
Sub. inj. blood
Sub. inj. blood
8
C.C.
Sub. inj. blood
5
c.c.
negative.
Blood
-38.0
100.°
99.°
-37.°
-40.°
-39.°
-41.°
C.°
MONTH.
DAY.
:
MONTH. SEPTEMBER.
Spleen Blood.-Monkey.
OCTOBER.
MONTH.
DAF
27 28 29 30
1
2 3 4
6
10 11 12 DAY.
F.°
MEME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.0
106,°
105.°
104.°
103.°
102.0
101.°
100.°
Sub. inj.
spleen blood
8
c.c.
Blood negative.
Fed with blood 20
c.c.
C.°
-41.9
-40.°
-39.°
-38.
99.°
-37.°
MONTH,
Spleen Blood Experiment.
OCTOBER.
DAY.
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
F.°
MEME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.°
106.°
105,°
104.°
103.°
Blood negative.
MONTH.
DAY.
C.°
-41.°
-40.°
-39.°
102.°
101.°
-38.°
100.°
99.°
*
-37.°
!
175
A temperature chart is not appended as the course of the fever when pre- sent was really the same as in the other experiments. At no time while the ani- mal was under these observations did it shew any change from its normal condition. After being kept in its cage for 6 months it escaped and was lost.
Experiment No. VI,
Animal-One monkey.
Nature of experiment
The same as the previous ones and under the same conditions.
Forty c.c. of blood from four different recurrent cases of Peri-
beri were injected.
The animal lived for 3 months and was healthy. It contracted dysentery and died. Post-mortem, there was no evidence of Beri-beri, no cedema, no changes in stomach and duodenum.
Experiment No. VII.
Animal-One monkey.
Nature of experiment :
As before.
Three injections of blood 33 c.c. were given and the animal is alive and well after one year.
(2) With Beri-beri Spleen Blood.
Experiment No. 1.
Animal-One monkey.
Nature of experiment :-
The animal was kept under observation for several days prior to commencing the experiment. A case of acute Beri-beri with enlarged spleen was selected and blood films prepared for examination. No malarial parasites or other organisms were found. The case containing the monkey was brought along the bedside, and splenic puncture performed under aseptic conditions. The bloody fluid obtained was at once injected subcutaneously into the animal in all about 8 e c. was used. This inoculation was made on September, 27th, 1904. A drop of this fluid was spread on a micros- cope slide, stained and examined. Nothing was found microscopically. Bacteriologically this fluid gave a negative result.
The attached temperature chart shews that the injection was followed by a slight degree of fever with gradual defervescence, and lasting 5 to 6 days. This transitory temperature can be reasonably ascribed to the result of the injection. There was no evidence that it had anything to do with the onset of Beri-beri. A day or two after the inoculation the blood of the animal was examined but was negative as regards germs. No change in the physical appearance of the monkey was observed after the injection.
On the 11th October, namely, fourteen days after the inoculation of splenic blood, the animal was fed according to the methods already described, with 20 c.c. of freshly drawn blood of a dropsical case of Beri-beri. This again occasioned an evanescent rise in temperature lasting 3-4 days. Subsequent to this the temperature became normal, so that a prolongation of the curve on the attached chart was unnecessary.
#
176
From this time onwards the animal kept in perfect health. It functionated normally and all its motor and sensory apparatus responded normally to the usual stimuli. There was never any epigastric tenderness, and the knee-jerks could be daily elicited with ease.
At the present time-one year after the commencement of the experiment- the animal is alive and quite lively.
(3) With Cerebro-Spinal Fluid. Animal-One monkey.
After observing the monkey for several days 5 c.c. of freshly drawn cere- bro-spinal fluid from a marked case of oedematous Beri-beri was injected subcutaneously, on October 4th, 1904, and the animal was subsequently examined daily.
October 19th, 1904.-Still healthy and functionates normally. The injection of the fluid has practically caused the animal no inconvenience.
October 20th, 1904.-Was injected subcutaneously with 10 c.c. venous blood of a recent and acute case of Beri-beri. This injection caused no elevation of temperature, and the animal functionated like other monkeys.
October 26th, 1904.-There is a suspicion of weakness in the hind limbs, but a positive opinion on this matter is difficult to give as the animal appeared dull and apathetic. The knee-jerks were exaggerated however, and the animal resented pressure on its epigastrium. There was no evidence of disturbance of sensation. There was no cedema and no muscular tenderness.
October 7th, 1904.-The animal received another injection of 8 c.c. of blood from an acute case of Beri-beri.
November 1st, 1904.-The last injection caused no inconvenience to the animal. There was no temperature and the animal took its food and functionated normally. On careful examination the weakness of the hind legs is apparently lost. The animal could climb, grasp firmly, and behave on its legs like other monkeys. There was no change in the knee-jerks, and no epigastric discomfort on gentle pressure. The monkey in fact appears to be in perfect health.
November 8th, 1904.-Diarrhoea set in to-day. This is mucoid and bloody in character. No fever.
November 10th, 1904.-The animal died to-day, the result of persistent diarrhoea. It exhibited no signs of Beri-beri infection up to the date of its death.
Νο
Post-mortem Examination. -Mucous colitis. Other organs normal. signs of Beri-beri, and no evidence of a gastro duodenitis (localised) as described by HAMILTON WRIGHT. Microscopical examination of smears of the various organs gave a negative result, and the bacteriological examination of the blood and the spleen resulted in nothing of a definite nature being found.
D.--INTRA-PERITONEAL INJECTION OF FRESHLY DRAWN BLOOD.
Experiment No. I.
Animal-One monkey.
Preliminary precautions taken as before.
October 27th, 1904.—4 c.c. of blood from an acute œdematous case of Beri- beri injected intraperitoneally.
October 31st, 1904.-6 c.c. blood again injected into the peritoneum from another acute case of Beri-beri.
177
The animal was kept under close observation. The temperature was noted twice daily, but never deviated from normal.
;
The animal moved and functionated normally, took its food well, had no diarrhoea or epigastric tenderness and no oedema was ever present.
Five months after the date of the last injection the animal was well. There was not the slightest sign of Beri-beri. The knee-jerks were normal.
The animal then contracted dysentery and died a few days after.
Experiment No. II.
Animals-One monkey.
The animal was normal previous to the commencement of the experiment, and the usual precautions were taken.
October 27th, 1904.-10 c.c. of freshly drawn venous blood from an acute case of Beri-beri was inoculated.
October 31st, 1904.-8 c.c. of blood freshly drawn from an oedematous case was injected. No change was noted in the general behaviour of the animal. The temperature was always normal. The knee-jerks were frequently tested but were always present and not exaggerated.
The period of observation of this animal extended over one year. At the end of this time the condition of the animal was that of a normal monkey. Beri-beri- like symptoms or signs never manifested themselves.
E. FEEDING EXPERIMENTS WITH GASTRIC MUCOUS MEMBRANE TAKEN FROM
FRESH AND FATAL CASES OF ACUTE Beri-beri.
Experiment No. I.
Animal-One monkey.
Healthy, fed well and moved like other monkeys.
November 12th, 1904.-The animal was fed with a mixture of boiled rice and broken down gastric mucosa obtained an hour after death from an acute case of Beri-beri. The pieces of mucosa used for the experiment contained small erosions and hæmorrhages, presumably the pathological changes described by WRIGHT, and insisted on by him as the primary lesion in Beri-beri.
The bolus was coaxed down the animal's throat. No sickness followed and the animal was carefully observed until the following day, lest it might vomit the mixture. Nothing followed however, and on the next morning the monkey appeared to be in good health. The temperature was normal.
From November 13th, 1904, until March, 1905, the monkey was kept under close watch. It never shewed any sign of Beri-beri. It moved, climbed, ate, and behaved generally like any other monkey. The result therefore was negative, although the bolus administered contained presumably WRIGHT's primary lesion and his diphtheriod bacillus and toxin, and was brought into actual contact with the gastro duodenal mucosa of the monkey.
Experiment No. II.
Animal-One monkey.
3
This was fed in exactly the same way and with the same ma-
terial, including pieces of the duodenum.
Result-Negative as regards Beri-beri after four months' observation.
178
Experiment No. III.
Animal-One monkey.
This animal was fed in the same way with pieces of gastro duodenal mucosa from a very acutely fatal case of Beri- beri lasting four days.
1
Result-Negative after three month's observation.
Observations on Pigs.
FEEDING EXPERIMENTS.
Feeding experiments were made with pigs under conditions similar to those used in connection with other animals.
In dealing with these animals, no difficulty was found in getting con- siderable quantities of the presumably infected material swallowed. As will be seen from the following experiments in certain cases very considerable amounts of Beri-beri tissue were consumed.
Experiment No. I.
(Temperature Chart attached.)
This pig, an adult, in good health and fat. was kept under observation for a few days previous to the commencement of the experiment. It was found to be normal.
September 28th, 1904.-The animal was given as food the stomach, intestines, kidneys, liver, pancreas and spleen of a fresh Beri-beri cadaver. The post-mortem examination was made an hour or two after death, and these organs were sliced. into small pieces, inixed with boiled rice and warm water, and placed in a wooden trough before the pig. In order to ensure consumption, the animal had been kept without food of any description for the previous 24 hours. The pig attacked the bolus with considerable vigour, and in a short time had consumed practically the whole of the contents of the trough.
September 29th, 1904.-To-day the animal is bright and lively and anxious to obtain more food. It suffered no immediate bad effects from its gorge on the previous day. Its temperature is normal.
October 1st, 1904.-The animal is dull, and does not eat its food with much relish. It now lies in its pen throughout the day, and on urging it to move it bellows with great force. Fever is present.
Fever is present. An examination of the blood gave a negative bacteriological result.
The
October 3rd, 1904.-The animal has lost a considerable amount of flesh. Its temperature is now maintained over 105° F. It practically refuses all food, and if left alone, lies apparently sleeping in a corner of its pen, emitting short groans frequently. It has great thirst. There is no vomiting or diarrhoea. On urging the pig to move over the compound slight weakness of the hind legs is seen. gait is groggy, and the animal appears to have difficulty in placing its hind legs. firmly upon the ground. There is no cedema of the legs. Pressure on the muscles of the thighs is greatly resented by the animal. The knee-jerks could be elicited with difficulty. No definite disturbances of sensation could be made out. Pres- sure on the epigastrium was not resented.
October 5th, 1904. The pig refuses all food but drinks voraciously. Its temperature is the same. There is no diarrhoea.
There is no diarrhoea. Emaciation is proceeding rapidly. It is now difficult to get the animal to progress. After considerable stimulation, the gait is found to be very feeble, the animal swaying from side to side in a drunken manner on forward progression. The hind legs are with difficulty placed straight on the floor and infringe the one against the other on progression. Pressure on the muscles of these limbs call forth loud grunting from the animal. The anterior extremities were normal. In the affected legs the knee-jerks could not be obtained. There was no cedema. No epigastric tenderness could be found. The blood was examined but gave a negative result as regards organisms.
Feeding Experiment with Pig.-Experiment I.
MONTH. SEPTEMBER.
DAY.
28
29
30
co
OCTOBER.
113
5
6
ac
MONTH.
9 10 11
11 12 13
DAY
F.o
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.°
106.°
105.°
104.°
103.°
102.°
101.°
100.0
99.9
Fed
as
in
text.
Blood negative.
C.
-41.°
-40.°
-39.°
-38.°
-37.°
17
179
October 10th, 1904.-The animal has been reduced to skin and bone. The gait irregular, muscular movements, etc., are still present, but not more pronounced. If anything the pig is somewhat brighter to-day. Its temperature has fallen and a certain amount of food (boiled rice) has been consumed. There is no diarrhoea.
October 13th, 1904.-The animal died to-day.
Post-mortem Examination.-There was great emaciation. All the organs and tissues were found to be markedly anæmic. Slight oedema of the subcutaneous tissues was present. The blood was watery and did not coagulate for some time after it had been withdrawn from the body. Both lungs distinctly crepitant throughout. There was no excess of fluid in either pleural cavity. The cardiac muscle was pale, yellowish, and anæmic, The right ventricle was dilated, the left ventricle dilated and slightly hypertrophied. There was a slight amount of mucoid-like tissue lying 'beneath the epicardium, especially along the course of the main coronary vessels and at the auriculo-ventricular junction.
were normal.
The valves
The ventricles contained several small ante-mortem blood clots. The pericardium was normal and contained about 50 c.c. of clear yellowish serous fluid.
The spleen was enlarged, soft and friable.
The liver was soft and yellowish. On section the bile channels were dilated and contained a thin yellowish fluid. Slight cirrhosis was also present.
The stomach was normal, there was no congestion or reddening of the mucosa.
The intestines were normal.
The mesentery was thickened owing to the presence of oedema and gelatinous infiltration. The mesenteric glands were slightly enlarged and showed cortical congestion.
The kidneys were normal.
The brain and spinal cord were congested.
Smear preparations were made from the heart, blood, spleen, liver and kidney, and cerebro-spinal fluid, and shewed the presence in the tissues of a small worm which resembled the embryos of Filaria. Several of these were found in each slide. So far we have been unable to identify them, and have found them in this pig alone. Nothing further, worthy of note, was found in these smear preparations.
Cultures were also made from the heart blood and the spleen but gave a negative result as regards specific organisms.
The sciatic nerves were excised and examined for degenerative changes but the result was negative.
Cause of Death.-Vide Conclusion of Experiment No. IV.
Experiment No. II.
Animal.-One pig.
Preliminary conditions as in Experiment No. I.
The pig was fed with an emulsion of the spleen, heart blood and cerebro- spinal fluid of a recently dead acute case of Beri-beri.
The pig ate the mixture with great relish.
On the following day it appeared to be normal. There was no temperature.
On the 3rd day of the experiment the animal died suddenly.
180
Post-mortem Examination. There was no pathological lesion to indicate the cause of death, and nothing was found microscopically or bacteriologically.
Experiment No. III.
Animal-One pig.
Preliminary observations, the same as before.
October 7th, 1904.-To-day the pig was fed with a spleen and blood obtained from a recently dead case of Beri-beri (acute). The post-mortem examination was performed within two hours after death, and the heart blood and spleen mashed and mixed with boiled rice.
October 8th, 1904.-Pig lively, no diarrhoea, slight loss of appetite, and apathy. It scarcely ever moves in its pen preferring to lie sleeping in a corner of the enclosure.
October 15th, 1904.-The animal has kept well, the appetite has returned, and it moves in a normal fashion. There has been no rise in temperature since the commencement of the experimental.- Vide Chart.
October 16th, 1904.-Fed again to-day with a large amount of mashed Beri- beri organs. The liver, spleen, stomach and duodenum, heart and kidneys with blood of an extremely acute and odeniatous case of Beri-beri were obtained one hour after death. These were sliced into small pieces, mixed with the blood and boiled rice, and placed before the animal. The pig made a hearty meal finishing every particle placed before him.
October 17th, 1904.-To-day the animal is dull and apathetic and refuses to move from a corner of its pen. During the day it has had severe vomiting and diarrhoea. The former consisted of undigested pieces of the tissues eaten. The latter was composed of loose bile-stained fœces which apart from their fluidity were normal. The animal is able to locomote normally and has no recognisable epi- gastric tenderness.
October 18th, 1904.--The pig was again fed with post-mortem tissues, namely, the internal organs of the pig used for Experiment No. IV. (q.v.). These the animal devoured heartily.
October 20th, 1904.-The temperature has commenced to rise (v. Chart) and from this day onwards the fever followed a course similar to that observed under Experiment No. I. The total duration of this fever was 7 days. During this time the pig became much reduced in weight and ate but little food. There was never any diarrhoea, and the animal locomoted and functioned exactly as other pigs. There was no cedema or recognisable epigastric tenderness.
October 27th, 1904.-From this date onwards the temperature becanie normal and never again went above 102° F. It is unnecessary therefore to continue the fever chart at greater length. The animal was much thinner but in the course of a few days commenced to recover its normal condition.
Continued observation of the animal was kept up for the following five months, during which time nothing abnormal was noted. The temperature con- tinued normal, the appetite was good. There was no diarrhoea, no epigastric tenderness, and no trace of general or local edema. The motor and sensory apparatus of the animal appeared at all times to be perfectly normal.
At the present time, a year after the commencement of the experiment, the pig is as healthy and fat as any pig could be.
Experiment No. IV.
Animal-One pig.
Preliminary observations, as before.
MONTH.
Feeding Experiment. Pig.-Experiment III.
OCTOBER.
DAY. 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22
223
F:
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.°
106.°
105.°
104.°
103.o
102.°
101.°
Fed
in
text.
$13
Fed again.
Fed with tissues of experimental pig.
MONTH.
DAY.
C.°
-41.°
-40.°
-39.°
-38.°
100.°
99.°
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MONTH.
Feeding Experiment.
Pig.-Experiment III.
OCTOBER.
DAY.
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
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ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
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106.°
105.°
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;
MONTH.
Feeding Experiment. Fig.-Experiment IV.
OCTOBER.
DAT.
910 11 12 13 14 15
16 17
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ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.°
106.°
105.°
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Fed
as
described.
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181
October 7th, 1904.-The pig was fed with an emulsion composed of the whole brain of a Beri-beri cadaver mixed with boiled rice. The brain was obtained from a freshly dead case and emulsified within one hour after death.
The animal ate voraciously, having been kept without food for 24 hours previously.
The attached temperature chart shews that during the experiment there was no fever.
October 17th, 1904.-The animal died to-day rather unexpectedly. Up to the date of its death, it never shewed any signs of Beri-beri infection. There was no epigastric tenderness, no cedema, and no disturbance of locomotion and sensation. During the greater part of the time the pig was dull and refused food. It became progressively weaker.
Post-mortem Examination-No sign of Beri-Beri. No gastro duodenitis. No cedema. Heart normal.
Cause of Death.-Chronic cachexia, the result of ptomaine poisoning.
[On October 15th, 1904, was again fed with internal organs of pig of Experiment No. I.]
Experiment No. V.
Animal-One pig.
Preliminary precautions, and the animal's condition carefully noted
previous to the commencement of the experiment.
October 25th, 1904.-To-day the animal was fed with the emulsified brain of an acutely fatal case of Beri-beri. The brain was obtained within two hours of the death of the patient. It was broken down and mixed with boiled rice and water and then given to the animal, which consumed it entirely.
November 1st, 1904. Another brain was obtained from a similar case, treated exactly as before and eaten by the pig.
On the following day an examination of the animal shewed nothing of note. It ate well, had no diarrhoea, moved about in a normal fashion, and had no tender- ness over any part of the body surface. There was never any rise in temperature.
November 5th, 1904.-The pig died to-day, and post-mortem examination shewed the cause of death to be a form of hæmorrhagic septicænia. There was no evidence of Beri-Beri.
Experiment No. VI.
Animal-One pig.
Preliminary precautions were taken as in previous experiments.
October 25th, 1904.-The animal was fed with an emulsion composed of boiled rice, water, and broken down liver substance, and one pint of the blood of a well marked Beri-beri cadaver. The organs were obtained almost immediately after death and the pig fed at once.
October 27th. 1904.-The animal appears to have lost its appetite, but has no vomiting or diarrhoea. There is no apparent surface tenderness over the body. The legs, especially the posterior pair, appear to be weak. They lock somewhat on forward progression, and the feet are not firmly planted on the ground. The legs are not tender however, and there is no sign of oedema. The knee-jerks were present.
A temperature chart is not attached. The temperature was noted daily and shewed no variation from the normal.
182
November 1st, 1904.-The animal has lost flesh. It eats little but has no diarrhoea. There is no epigastric tenderness. The knee-jerks are present, but the weakness and stiffness of the hind legs has become progressively worse.
On rapid forward progression the animal staggers considerably. There is no cœdéma.
November 7th 1904.-The condition of the animal remains the same. It has occasional rigors. Food is all but refused. There is no diarrhoea.
December 1st, 1904.-The animal cannot walk. The hind legs are in a condition of spasticity. The knee-jerks are present and exaggerated. There is no diarrhoea. The temperature has remained normal since the commencement of the experiment.
January 12th, 1905.-The animal died to-day. From the date of the last examination, the pig had become progressively weaker, was quite unable to walk, but ate its food and had no diarrhoea. There was never any edema, and the knee-jerks were always present.
Post-mortem Examination.-This was made within four hours after death. The body was very emaciated, and on cutting open the cadaver the subcutaneous tissues were found bathed with a yellowish watery fluid, and they themselves presented a mucoid appearance. There was about 20 c.c. of clear watery fluid in the pericardial sac. There was no pericarditis. The heart shewed a mucoid like infiltration near its surface under the epicardium. This was especially well marked at the auriculo-ventricular groove and along the course of the main coro- nary vessels. The cardiac muscle was soft, yellowish in colour, and very flabby. Both ventricles were dilated, with a small amount of compensating hypertrophy of the wall of the left ventricle.
The lungs were normal apart from a small amount of oedema. The pleural cavities cach contained about 30 e.c. of clear watery fluid There was no pleurisy.
The spleen was not enlarged. Its capsule shewed irregular thickenings due to localised growths of connective tissue. The spleen pulp was firm, dark in colour, and beset with firm bands of fibrous tissue. It was not congested.
The liver was in a condition of cirrhosis of the interlobular type, and its naked-eye appearance was not unlike a miniature of the hob-nailed liver met with in the human subject.
The kidneys were auæmic but otherwise normal.
The stomach shewed small areas of hæmorrhagic extravasation scattered over the mucosa. Towards the cardiac end a patch of hæmorrhagic mucous membrane was found. It was about the size of a dollar-piece, and raised above the general surface of the remaining mucosa. It had thickene! edges, and its surface was covered with yellowish necrosed material in the form of a membrane. difficult to remove from the underlying area. The latter was found to be red and congested. In general this patch appeared to be of the nature of a slowly spread- ing chronic ulceration.
The duodenum and remaining mucosa of the intestines were normal.
This was
The peritoneum was normal to the naked eye and the mesenteric glands were not enlarged. There was no visible change in the pancreas, and the pelvic viscera were normal. A small quantity of clear yellow fluid, namely, about 40 c.c. was present in the peritoneal cavity.
The heart blood and the spleen substance were examined microscopically after staining by LEISHMAN'S method, but nothing was found.
Bacteriologically the blood and the spleen were negative apart from the pre- sence of a few colon-like bacteria which were obviously of post-mortem origin.
A microscopical examination of the sciatic nerves of the animal by the osmic acid method shewed no evidence of Wallerian degeneration.
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MONTH.
1
Experiment on Sheep.-No. I.
OCTOBER.
{
MONTH.
DAY..
16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
DAY.
F.°
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.°
106.°
105.°
104.°
103.°
102.°
101.°
100.°
Scarification.
Scarification.
Blood negative.
C.°
-41.°
-40.°
-39.°
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牮
MONTH.
DAY.
2 3
Experiment on Sheep.-No. I.
10
5
6
NOVEMBER.
∞
1
MONTH.
9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16
DAY.
F.°
ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
107.°
106.°
105.°
104.°
103.°
102,°
101.°
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99.0
Blood negative.
Sub. inj. 60 c.c. flask V (Experiment No. XI blood in B.B.)
Blood negative,
www
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183
Observations on Sheep.
Experiment No. 1.
Animal-One sheep.
October 16th, 1904.-The animal had been kept under observation for several days. It was normal in every respect. To-day, on the death of an acute cedema- tous case of Beri-beri, the spleen was removed as soon as possible, and used for this experiment. The sheep was thoroughly scarified over the abdominal wall which had previously been shaved and rendered as aseptic as possible. After the scarification the cut surface of the spleen was well rubbed into the scars over the scarified area.
Cctober 17th, 1904.-To-day the animal is quite well and feeds and func-- tionates as other normal sheep.
October 18th, 1904.--Another scarification was done to-day, the cut surface of the spleen of a pig (Expt. No. IV) was well rubbed into the abdominal wall.
October 19th, 1901.-The temperature rose to-day (v. chart.)
October 20th 1904. Pustulation over the area of vaccination has occurred, which accounted for presence of the fever: this lasted, with a gradual deferves- cence, for nearly 14 days.
During this time the animal became much emaciated. It took but little food, but there was no diarrhoea. The urine was normal and an examination (bacterio- logical) of the blood gave a negative result as regards organisms. There was some apparent weakness of the hind limbs: the animal walked with seeming difficulty, and there was a tendency to lock on the part of the posterior limbs, during for- ward progression. There also seemed to be some wasting of the muscles of the hind limbs. There was no cedema or evidence of discomfort on pressure over the epigastric area.
This weakness and difficulty in walking we do not ascribe to actual nerve degeneration, and consequently Beri-beri in nature. The animal lost such a consider- able amount of weight, and the emaciation was so extreme that in our opinion this difficulty in walking was the result of weakness only. The inability to progress normally disappeared entirely after the animal regained its weight and strength and the temperature became normal.
November 7th, 1904.-The animal's temperature has now been normal for at least a week. The weakness of the hind limbs has now all disappeared, and the sheep moves as other normal sheep. It cats well and has no trace of diarrhoea.
To-day a subcutaneous inoculation was made. 60 c.c. of the contents of the flask used for Expt. XI (Blood in Beri-beri) was injected subcutaneously under the skin of the neck.
November 13th, 1904.-The result of the inoculation was a rise in tem- perature, lasting with gradual lysis, about 6 days. The animal again refused food, became somewhat thinner. There was no diarrhoea however, and no adema or epigastric tenderness. The inoculation was not followed by any return of the apparent partial paralysis of the posterior extremities. A bacteriological examina- tion of the bloo I gave a negative result as regards organisms. From this time onwards the temperature remained normal and the animal behaved in every way like any other normal sheep.
At the present time, November, 1995, the animal is alive and well, never hav- ing shewn any sign of Beri-beri.
Experiment No. II.
Animal-One sheep.
The conditions of this experiment were similar in every respect to those
of Experiment No. I.
October 16th, 1904.-Scarification.
184
October 17th, 1904.-No result from vaccination. No rise in temperature.
October 18th, 1904.-Scarified again with the substance of the fresh spleen of an experimental pig. (Vide Experimeŭt No. IV.-Pigs).
October 19th, 1904.-Scarification a failure so far. Animal apparently healthy. No rise in temperature. Blood examined microscopically with a negative result.. From this date onwards until November 1st, 1904, the animal remained in perfect health.
November 1st, 1904.-The animal was fed with 8 ounces of blood from a moribund case of acute Beri-beri.
November 3rd, 1904.-Fed again with 8 ounces of contents of flask used for Experiment No. IX. (Blood in Beri-beri).—Vide Bacteriological Experiments.
November 4th, 1904.--Again fed with 10 ounces of 96-hour growth of bouil- Ion from flask used for Experiment No. IX. (Blood in Beri-beri).
November 8th, 1904.-Injected subcutaneously with 60 c.c. of the flask used for Experiment No. XI. (Blood in Beri-beri).
During this time when the animal was being subjected to so much experi- mentation the temperature remained normal, and the sheep fed well. There was no diarrhoea, no epigastric tenderness, and no difficulty in walking. The feeding experiments certainly brought any Beri-beri micro-organisms present in the blood into close relationship with the gastro-duodenal mucosa. Similarly the micro- organisins growing in the bouillon of the different flasks were incorporated in large quantity per the alimentary canal and the subcutaneous tissues.
From the 8th November onwards the sheep was kept under close obser- vation, and frequent tests were made to detect Beri-beri symptoms or signs. Briefly it may be said that such signs were never found, and the animal maintained itself in good health for at least a year after the date of the last subcutaneous inoculation.
Observations on Calves.
Two calves were experimented with. Each was inoculated subcutaneously with the freshly drawn blood of an acute case of Beri-beri. Approximately 30 c.c. of blood was injected into each animal. Both animals lived for a week only, contracting hæmorrhagic septicemia.
Owing to the great risks attached to the introduction of hemorrhagic septicemia by cattle among our animals, it was considered advisable to stop further experiments with calves and confine our attention to other animals.
Observations on Rabbits.
A. NATURAL INFECTION.
One experiment of this nature was undertaken under similar conditions to those already detailed under "Natural Infection of Monkeys." Four rabbits were placed in one of the rooms of the Po Leung Kuk, in which the inmates resided who contracted Beri-beri. The windows were shut and the light excluded as rigidly as possible. Previous to the commencement of the experiment, the animals were kept under observation, and their blood tested microscopically.
The experiment lasted 6 months. The diet consisted of rice, vegetables, etc. At no time did they exhibit any sign of disease, and were as healthy whenr emoved as when they were first incarcerated.
:
MONTH
-Experiment on Sheep.-No. II.
DAY. 16.17 18 19 20 21
22
36
F.
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MONTA.
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
DAY.
MÈME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME ME
Blood negative.
C.
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илими
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Experiment on Sheep.-Experiment. II.
DAY.
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00
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Experiment
with Beri-beri Blood.-Rabbit. Subcutaneous Inoculation. Experiment I.
MONTH. SEPTEMBER.
OCTOBER.
DAY.
27 28
.29 30
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Blood negative.
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B.-SUBCUTANEOUS INOCULATION WITH BERI-BERI BLOOD.
Experiment No. I.
Animal-One rabbit.
Similar to the experiments on monkeys.
The animal was kept under obsérvation for a few days, its general health and temperature being noted. An examination of the blood revealed nothing abnormal.
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On September 29th, 1904.—The rabbit was injected subcutaneously under aseptic conditions with 10 c.c. of venous blood of an acute cace of Beri-beri. As a result of this no change was observed in the condition of the animal. Its blood was examined and proved negative to organisms as before. The animal continued well until October 3, 1904, i.c., for six days after the inoculation, when it con- tracted severe diarrhoea and its temperature rose rapidly (v. Temperature Chart). It died on October 10th, 1904, ten days after the commencement of the experiment.
Post-mortem examination.-Acute follicular enteritis. No changes charact- eristic of Beri-beri. Stomach and duodenum normal. Spleen smears and cultures negative.
Experiment No. II.
Animal-One rabbit.
Previous to the commencement of the experiment the animal was kept under observation and was found to be normal in every respect.
October 11th, 1904.-To-day the animal was inoculated subcutaneously with 5 c.c. of freshly drawn venous blood taken from an acute case of oedematous Beri- beri.
October 12th, 1904.-There is slight fever to-day, the result of the inoculation of the blood. The animal is otherwise well, has no diarrhea, and moves about freely. (v. Chart).
tion.
October 14th, 1904.-The fever has disappeared.
October 19th, 1904.-The animal is well and shews no signs of any indisposi-
There is no evidence of the onset of Beri-beri.
October 20th, 1904.--To-day the animal developed pneumonia with all the accompanying symptoms.
October 23rd, 1904.--It died this evening.
October 24th, 1904.-Post-mortem.-Typical double pneumonia. No evid- ance of Beri-beri. Pneumo-cocci and strepto-cocci found in lungs. No organisms is spleen.
Feeding Experiment.
Aninal-One rabbit.
After the preliminary measures in regard to experimentation had been taken, the animal was fed (November 1st, 1904) with an emulsion of boiled rice and the broken down spleen pulp obtained from a fatal case of Beri-beri. The spleen was extracted from the cadaver within two hours after death and the animal was at once fed.
Subsequently the rabbit was kept isolated and observed daily.
The experiment was negative after three months. No sign of Beri-beri was
ever noted.
186
Observations on Fowls.
Experiment No. 1.
One fowl.
The animal was kept under observation for a week previous to the commen- cement of the experiment. Its temperature was normal varying from 105°-106° F. November 1st, 1904.-Fed with broken down spleen substance obtained from a cadaver with typical acute Beri-beri lesions.
November 8th, 1904.-Fed with 30-40 c.c. of the contents of the flask used for Experiment No. XI (vide "Organisms in Blood of Beri-berics ").
From this date onwards, the animal shewed no departure from its normal state of health. A temperature chart is not appended as no fever was ever present. The bird was kept under observation for at least six months from the last date of feed- ing and at no time shewed any symptom or sign of Beri-beri.
Experiment No. II.
Five fowls.
Kept in a hen coop isolated.
Normal previous to commencement of experiment.
October 25th, 1904.- Fed with broken down spleen of a recently dead acute case of Beri beri. The spleen was enlarged and weighed 11⁄2 lbs. The fowls devoured the whole organ.
November 1st, 1904.- Fed with a second spleen under similar conditions. This was also actively devoured.
The birds were kept under close observation and tested almost daily as regards their powers of locomotion. Their temperature never appeared to vary, and at no time during the following six months was there the slightest evidence of Beri-beri infection.
Experiment No. III.
One hen.
November 1st, 1904.-Fed with the broken down spleen pulp of a recently dead case of acute Beri-beri.
November 8th, 1904.-Fed with an emulsion of boiled rice and 100 c.c. of contents of flask used for Experiment No. XI (vide “Blood in Beri-beri.”)
The animal was kept under observation for at least three months. The temperature was noted daily. It continued to move and functionate like any other normal fowl. Up to the date of the last observation, it never shewed the slightest trace of Beri-beri.
Observations on a Horse.
A horse, China pony, was placed under observation and its temperature and general health noted for some days.
As
October 25th, 1904.-Inoculated subcutaneously (over left side of neck) with 60. c.c. of defibrinated fresh venous blood taken from a case of acute Beri-beri. the result of the injection a hard braway swelling occurred around the site of inoculation. This gradually subsided and was entirely gone in about 3 weeks. It occasioned no rise in the temperature of the animal and apparently gave him no discomfort. The animal fed well, had no diarrhoea, and moved and function- ated like a normal horse.
October 27th, 1904.-The animal was again inoculated subcutaneously with with 80 c.c. of freshly drawn venous blood from a patient suffering from acute œdematous Beri-beri. This occasioned another hard swelling about the size of a child's head which gradually subsided.
187
This injection caused no rise in temperature, and the general health of the horse was well maintained.
November 7th, 1904.-The swellings have entirely gone and the animal is well in every respect.
November 11th, 1904.-Rheumatism with swelling of the knees set in, render- ing the animal unable to walk. This condition set in suddenly, and, in our opinion, had nothing to do with the disease under consideration. The knee-jerks were present and not diminished or exaggerated, and there was no evidence otherwise of the presence of Beri-beri.
November 15th, 1904.-The horse is able to move slowly, although crippled. The swelling of the knee joints has practically disappeared. There is no pain or tenderness on pressure over the hip muscles, and the knee-jerks are present.
November 16th, 1904.-The temperature has remained normal since the com- mencement of the experiment. The animal is unable to stand to-day. The hind legs are stiff and spastic. The knee-jerks are greatly increased. The breathing is rapid and laboured, and there is some distension of the abdomen.
November 23rd, 1904.-The former symptoms have all but disappeared. The animal is now able to rise and walk on all-fours. The temperature is normal, and the horse enjoys its feed and has no diarrhoea.
From this time onwards the horse maintained good health. paralyses. The knee-jerks were normal and the animal fed well.
There were no
January 27th, 1905.-The animal died to-day from inanition. its death it shewed no evidence of Beri-beri.
Post-mortem examination.-Nothing of note found.
Previous to
Comments. The stiffness and lameness of the animal during part of the experiment is, in our opinion, to be attributed to rheumatism. This was probably contracted by exposure and cold, the animal having but meagre house accommo- dation. Again, it must be noted that the animal was old and decrepit when bought for experimental purposes. Taking everything into consideration the cause of death cannot be attributed to Beri-beri.
GENERAL CONCLUSIONS ON EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES.
1. It has been found impossible to convey Beri-beri to any of the animals used for the experiments.
2. Monkeys have been used extensively and experimented upon in a great variety of ways, including that recommended by HAMILTON WRIGHT. In no instance has any one of them exhibited the slightest trace of Beri-beri infection.
3. The Pigs used for the experiments shewed signs of lameness, etc., and a -condition simulating Beri-beri was once or twice reproduced. The animals, how- ever, were frequently subjected to somewhat rough handling by the attendants, and this, coupled with the continued observation of their progress, and the result of post-mortem examination, leads us to the conclusion that a condition of true Beri- beri never existed.
4. In regard to the other animals, viz., Sheep, Calves, Rabbits, Fowls, etc., not- withstanding vigorous experimental efforts, we have been unable to call from them the slightest evidence of Beri-beri infection.
5. As a result of our extensive experiments it would appear that the trans- ference of Beri-beri infection from man to animals is impossible. It may be pos- sible that animals contract the disease through other channels. This, however, we doubt.
6. These experimental researches, negative though they may be, possess in our opinion great value as they practically prove in opposition to H. WRIGHT and others, that in Beri-beri we are not dealing with an infectious disease, but with one of an entirely different etiology.
No. 99.
No. 1906
10
HONGKONG.
REPORT ON THE BLUE BOOK FOR 1905.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
HONGKONG.
GOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG, 27th April, 1906.
MY LORD,
I have the honour to submit for Your Lordship's information the following general Report on the annual Blue Book for the year 1905.
I.-FINANCES,
The Revenue for the year, exclusive of Land Sales, amounted to $6,526,144.09, or $203,194.74 more than the previous year. Land Sales amounted to $392,259.76, or $93,838.88 less than in 1904. The total revenue from all sources was therefore $6,918,403.85, or $109,355.86 greater than in any previous year, and $280,207.15 less than the estimate. All the main sources of revenue show an excess over 1904 with the exception of Rent of Government Property, Miscellaneous Receipts and Land Sales.
Post Office Receipts, Interest and Water Account brought in together $34,933.55 more than was estimated. The receipts under the remaining heads of revenue were altogether $315,140.70 less than were anticipated when the estimates were drawn up.
The Expenditure for the year was $5,277,834.45 exclusive of Public Works Extra- ordinary; inclusive of that item it was $6,951,275.26, or $575,039.96 more than the total expenditure of 1904 and $223,916.74 less than the estimates for 1905.
Deducting from the actual receipts for 1905 the total actual expenditure, there was a deficit of $32,871.41 on the actual working of the year.
(a.)—General REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
The following is a brief abstract of Revenue and Expenditure for the years 1904 and
1905:--
Revenue.
1904.
1905.
Increase.
Decrease.
$.
Light Dues,
72,330.16
$ 74,233.45
c.
$ 1,903.29
C.
C.
Licences and Internal Revenue not other-
wise specified,
4,509,162.78
4,725,906.25
216,743.47
Fees of Court, &c.,
403,854.60
417.417.37
13,562.77
Post Office,
408,458.92
414,838.19
6,379.27
Interest,
Miscellaneous,
Land Sales,
Rent of Government Property,
Water Account,
688,321.41
672,161.82
16, 159.59
7,813.43
10,073.12
2,259.69
167,059.66
121,491.65
45,568.01
Total,.......
65,948.39 486,098.64
6,809,047.99
90,022.24
24,073.85
392,259.76
93,838.88
6,918,403.85
264,922.34
155,566.48
Deduct Decrease,......
155,566.48
Nett Increase,
109,355.86
The Right Honourable
THE EARL OF ELGIN, K.G.,
His Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies,
&c.,
&c.
Nou-effective Charges, General Administration, Law and Order,
Public Health,....
Public Instruction,
Public Works,
Defence,
106
Expenditure.
1904.
1905.
Increase.
Decrease.
C.
C.
C.
C.
372,154.46
900,784.82
365,108.59 1,226,584.57
7,045.87
325,799.75
855,506.25
846,275.69
9,230.56
647,926.69
653,420.65
5,493.96
155,189.34
162,277.58
7,088.24
2,129,900.58
2,276,646.79
146,746.21
1,314,773.16
1,420,961.39
106,188.23
Total,........
6,376,235.30
6,951,275.26
591,316.39
16,276.43
Deduct Decrease,
Nett Increase,..
16,276.43
$575,039.96
The following Table shows the total revenue and expenditure for the five
years 1901-1905:-
Revenue, Expenditure,
Surplus,
Deficit,
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905.
$3
6.
$ C.
$
C.
('.
$ (.
4,213,893.22 4,111,722.49
4,901,073.70
5,909,548.51
5,238,857.88 5,396,669.49
6.809,047.99 6,376,235.30
6,918,403.85 6,951,275.26
102.170.73
432,812.69
1,008,474.81
157,811,60
32,871.41
(b.)—ASSETS AND LIABILITIES.
At the end of the year 1905, the assets of the Colony amounted to $15,560,894.98, or including arrears of revenue $15,891,606.13. The total liabilities were $15,119,399.32, so that the surplus of assets over liabilities amounted to $772,206.81.
(c.)--PUBLIC Debt.
There is a public debt of £341,799 15s. Id. outstanding. The original debt was incurred in connection with the Praya Reclamation, the Central Market, and Water, Drainage and Sewerage Works. Interest at 3 per cent. is payable on the loan, which is being paid off by a Sinking Fund now amounting to £37,611 14s. 4d.
An advance by the Crown Agents of £1,100,000 for the purposes of a loan to the Viceroy of the Hu-Kuang Provinces is referred to under the heading of "General Observations" at the end of this report.
.
107
II. TRADE AND SHIPPING, INDUSTRIES, FISHERIES,
AGRICULTURE AND LAND.
(a.) TRADE AND SHIPPING.
The following Table in which the figures respresent tonnage, shows the principal articles of import in the year 1905 ir vessels of European construction, compared with similar returns for 1904. :
Articles.
1904.
1905.
Increase.
Decrease.
Beans,.
750
2,113
1,363
Bones,
400
400
.....
Coal,
1,152,454
1,083,987
68,467
Cotton Yarn and Cotton,
19.350
32,949
13.599
Flour,
115,921
54,508
61,413
Hemp,.
19.382
26,784
.7,402
Kerosine (bulk),
56,965
43,411
13,554
"
(case),
100,692
74,506
26.186
>
Lead,
Opium,.
Liquid Fuel,
Rattan,
3,563
800
2,763
2,955
2.983
28
9,727
850
8,877
5,080
3.430
1.650
Rice,
Sandalwood,.
Sulphur,
823,339
566,171
257,168
3,300
3,386
86
187
187
......
Sugar, Tea.... Timber.
General,
205,696
311,787 900
106,091
900
66,200
66,324
124
1,564,678
1,594,862
30,184
Total,
4,150,639
3,869,751
159.777
140,665
Transit,
3,151,926
3,415,418
263,492
Grand Total,
7,302,565
7,285,169
423.269
440,665
Nett,.....
17.396
The total tonnage entering and clearing during the year 1905 amounted to 34,185,091 tons, being an inercase, compared with 1904, of 622,305 tons, and the highest tonnage yet recorded.
tons.
There were 227,909 Arrivals of 17,142,393 tons, and 224,849 Departures of 17,042,698
Of British Ocean-going tonnage, 3,839,080 tons entered and 3,833,274 tons cleared. Of British River Steamers 2,776,982 tons entered and 2,777,040 tons cleared.
Of Foreign Ocean-going tonnage, 2,917,550 tons entered and 2,903,235 tons cleared. Of Foreign River Steamers, 329,743 tons entered and 329,854 tons cleared.
Of Steamships under 60 tons trading to ports outside the Colony, 35,724 tons entered and 35,724 tons cleared.
Of Junks in Foreign trade, 1,428,966 tons entered and 1,446,474 tons cleared.
Of Steamships under 60 tons plying within the waters of the Colony 4,622,661 tons entered and 4,546,651 tons cleared.
Of Junks in Local Trade 1;191,717 tons entered and 1,170,446 tons cleared. Thus:-
British Ocean-going Vessels represented
Ter cent.
22.4
Foreign
17.0
"
"1
British River Steamers
""
""
??
16.2
Foreign
2.0
19
""
Steamships under 60 tons Foreign Trade represented
0.2
Junks in Foreign Trade
$.5
?"
Steamships under 60 tons Local Trade Junks in Local Trade
26.7
7.0
21
100.0
108
Comparative Shipping Return for the Yeurs 1904 and 1905.
1904.
1905.
Increase.
Decrease.
Ships. Tonnage. Ships. Tonnage. Ships. Tonnage. Ships. Tonnage.
British Ocean-
going. Foreign Ocean-
4,318
7,708,734| 3,995 | 7,672,824
323
36,410
3,696
5,350,847 | 3,845 | 5,820,785 149 469,938
going,
British River
5,872
5,697,360| 7,488| 5,554,022| 1,616
:
Steamers,
Foreign River
1,036
470,371 975
659,597
Steamers,..
S'ships under 60
tons (Foreign
2,031
105,784 | 1,800
71,448
Trade)...
Junks in Foreign
Trade,
|36,251|| 3,072,270 |33,475|| 2,875,440
143,338
189,226 61
254 34,336
2,776 196.830
Total,..
Steam launches
plying in the Colony,
}
207,502
[53,227 | 22,405,366 [51,578 | 22,653,616| 1,765 | 659,161 3,414| 410,914
8,808,744 | 337,913 9,169.312 30,411 360,568
Junks in Local,
*
Trade,
2,362,163 162,965; 2,348,676 (63,267
302
13.487
Grand Total,... 423,691|33,562,786 | 452,758 | 34,185,091 32,478 1,033,219 3,414 410,914
NET,
29,064 622,305
* Including 32,124 Conservancy and Dust Boats of 1.176.625 tons.
† Including 32.424 Conservancy and Dust Boats of 1,176,625 tons.
For Ocean Vessels under the British Flag, this Table shows a decrease of 320 ships of 36,410 tons. This decrease loses any significance it may at first sight appear to possess when viewed in conjunction with my report for 1904, where an increase appeared of 352 ships of 930,300 tons, which was shown to be practically due to special circumstances connected with the late war. These special circumstances being removed with the advent of the Baltic Fleet in Far Eastern waters in April, 1905, the shipping tended to return to its normal state, and we are left with a net increase over the figures for 1903 (neglecting those for 1904) of 32 ships and 893,890 tons.
In British River Steamers there is an increase shown of 1,616 ships, which is due to the additional small steamers put on to the West River run, and to two very small craft plying between here and Mirs Bay, which have been treated as River Steamers, though they do not strictly satisfy the definition. The decrease in tonnage, of 143,338 tons, is accounted for by the fact that three moderate sized vessels were taken off the run early in the year, and much smaller craft substituted.
For Foreign Ocean Vessels an increase of 149 ships of 469,938 tons is shown. Here, again, reference to my 1904 report is necessary in order properly to appreciate the signifi- cance of the figures. During that year, on account of the war, there was the enormous decrease of 1,149 ships of 1,910,589 tons, of which Japanese shipping accounted for 834 ships of 1,809,000 tons. The causes militating against the employment of Japanese ships were not removed until late in 1905, indeed, they are not completely removed even now, so- that the increase now shown is but the partial restoration to normal conditions, and should really be read as a net decrease, on the figures for 1903, of 1,000 ships of 1,440,951 tons.
In Foreign River Steamers the decrease of 61 ships is due to the fact that two small Chinese vessels have become British, and the increase in tonnage to the more frequent. running of two moderate sized French Steamers.
The remaining increases and decreases do not present any points of importance, with the exception of the large increase in Steam Launches plying within the waters of the Colony, which affords good evidence of the enhanced internal traffic in the Colony.
The actual number of ships of European construction (exclusive of River Steamers and Steam Launches) entering during the year was 889, being 506 British and 383 Foreign.
These 889 ships entered 3,926 times, and gave a total tonnage of 6,756,600 tons. Thus, compared with 1904, 4 more ships entered 61 less times, and gave a collective tonnage in- creased by 212,890 tons.
109
The following Tables show the nationality of the steamers and sailing vessels that visited the port :-
STEAMERS.
Ships.
No. of Times entered.
Total Tonnage.
Flag.
1904. | 1905. 1904. | 1905.
1904. 1905.
British,
498
490 2,151 1,983 3,843,3553,806,792
Austrian,
13
10
32
26
102,349)
88.326
Belgian,
1
1
1
1
2,047
1,794
Chinese,
15
14
180
165
241,085
214,720
Danish,
4
7
13
18
26,817
24,206
Dutch,.
9
10
44
35
84,379
77,205
French,
36
39
238
207
234,977 288,911
German,
147
163
861
887 1,268,835|1,394,255
Italian,...
6
20
56 38,212 51,492
Japanese,.
30
10
51
29
114,951 34,573
Norwegian,
60
85 253
346
276,211 381,479
Portuguese,.
4
53
69
12.167 11,800
Russian,
5
1
14,578 2,903
Spanish,
2
6,017
Swedish,
N
12
19
8.582
20,210
United States,
24
22
64
62
232,857 314,101
No Flag,
1
1
2,500
Total,
859
867 3,981 3,904 6,509,919|6,712,767
SAILING VESSELS.
Ships.
No. of Times entered.
Total Tonnage.
Flag.
1904. 1905. | 1904. | 1905.
1904. 1905.
British,
11
16
11
16
19,447
32,258
Dutch,
I
1
84
French,
2
2
3,444
German,
1
1
47
2,193
Italian,...
994
Norwegian,
1
1
3.651
1,199
Sarawak,
1,338
...
United States,
4
4
No Flag,
1
2,867 919
8.183
:.
Total,..
25
23
22
26
22 32,791
43,833
During the year 1905, 16,303 vessels of European construction, of 19,706,728 tons (nett register), reported having carried 10,277,939 tons of cargo, as follows:--
Tons.
Import cargo,
.3,869,751
Export
.2,343,701
Transit
.3,415,418
Bunker coal shipped,
649,069
10,277,939
110
In Imports there is a decrease reported of 280,888 tons.
In Exports there is a decrease reported of 262,160 tons.
In Transit Cargo there is an increase reported of 263,492 tons.
In Bunker Coal there is a decrease of 15,349 tons.
The total reported Import Trade of the Port for 1905 amounted to 25,764 vessels of 11,328,015 tons, carrying 7,830,424 tons of cargo, of which 4,415,006 tons were discharged at Hongkong. This does not include the number, tonnage, or cargo of vessels in Local Trade.
Similarly, the Export Trade from the Port was represented by 25,814 vessels of 11,325,601 tons, carrying 3,011,305 tons of cargo, and shipping 651,523 tons of bunker coal.
64,341 Emigrants left Hongkong for various places during the year; of these, 48,289 were carried by British Ships and 16,052 by Foreign Ships; 140,483 were reported as having been brought to Hongkong from places to which they had emigrated, and of these, 113,796 were brought in British Ships and 25,586 by Foreign Ships.
The total Revenue collected by the Harbour Department during the year showed a decrease of $366.19 on that of the previous year and was as follows :—
1. Light Dues,..
2. Licences and Internal Revenue,.
3. Fees of Court and Office,
Total,
(b.) INDUSTRIES.
$74,233.45
62,668.45
163,665.86
$300,567.76
During 1905 supplies of all Sugars were greater than during 1904, and in sympathy with other markets local prices continued to decline throughout the year. There was how- ever a good demand for Refined Sugar in China, resulting in a profitable business for the two local Refineries, but demand from other markets fell off owing to their being overstocked with European Sugars.
As was anticipated at the end of 1904 the Cotton Spinning industry worked under very satisfactory conditions during the whole of 1905, and the comparatively low price of Cotton, combined with an active demand for Yarn, allowed of good profits being realized all through the twelve months.
The increased demand for Cement from the "Green Island" Company's factory at Hok Un necessitated the raising of further capital and the provision of new plant to increase the output from 150 to 240 tons a day.
The Rope factory at Kennedy Town did good business but was not working to its full output of 20,000 lb. a day throughout the year.
There was some falling off in the repairing and docking of ships at Hongkong probably due to increased competition from other places.
43 steam-launches and other vessels with an aggregate tonnage of 3,695 were built during the year.
A new industry under European direction-that of silvering mirrors—was started at Causeway Bay.
(c.) FISHERIES.
A considerable proportion of the boat-population of Hongkong supports itself by deep- sea fishing, in which pursuit a large number of junks are engaged. The villages of Aberdeen, Stanley, Shaukiwan, and many others in the New Territory are largely dependent upon this industry for their prosperity. Fresh water fish is imported from Canton and the West River. There are oyster beds of considerable value in Deep Bay.
111
(d.) FORESTRY, BOTANICAL SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURE.
116,780 trees were planted in Hongkong during the year, and 50,052 in the New Territory. Further experiments were initiated with a view to utilising the more barren portions of the Colony, notably with the Tea Oil tree (Camellia oleifera) and the Wood Oil tree (Aleurites cordata). Cotton was tried in various representative situations but with very meagre results. Control of the plantations of Pine licensed to Chinese in 1904 was maintained; the few breaches of the rules that occurred were dealt with by withdrawal of the licence. On the whole the licensing scheme seems to have suited the Chinese.
(e.) LAND GRANTS AND GENERAL VALUE OF Land.
The amount received from sales of Crown Land was $392,259 76, being some $94,000 less than the receipts for the previous year. This falling off may be attributed to the general depression of business throughout the year and the consequent tightness of the money market.
In the early part of the year the intricate questions connected with Military lands and reserves in the Colony which since 1883 had formed the subject of continual discussion between the Military and Civil authorities were comprehensively dealt with by Major J. F. LEWIS, late R.E., deputed for that purpose by the War Department. An equitable settle- ment was proposed by that Officer, based on principles of which the adoption should minimize the chance of similar difficulties arising in the future. This settlement, accepted by the Governor and the General Officer Commanding, was approved by the Colonial Office, War Office and Treasury.
Building land in the urban portion of the Colony and in the Peak District is limited in extent with the natural consequence that house-rents, especially on the higher levels, have advanced to an extent probably unknown in other British Colonies.
III. LEGISLATION.
Twelve Ordinances were passed during 1905, the most important measure being the New Territories Land Ordinance, No. 3 of 1905, which together with an amending Ordinance, No. 9 of 1905, is designed to facilitate the transfer of land in the New Territories and to provide a simple and inexpensive procedure for settling land disputes therein.
An amendment of the Vagrancy Ordinance, No. 2 of 1905, increases the liability of shipowners and masters who bring undesirable persons into the Colony, and enables rules to be made for the more rigorous treatment of vagrants in the House of Detention.
Provision is made under the Merchant Shipping Amendment Ordinance, No. 5 of 1905, for the carrying of suitable lights by junks, and the same Ordinance extends greater facilities in respect of the navigation of steamships of small size plying between Hongkong and the neighbouring ports of the Canton Province by lightening the somewhat onerous conditions hitherto imposed.
IV. EDUCATION.
The number of Government and Grant Schools including Queen's College, is 83 of which 25 are Upper Grade Schools with a staff competent to give instruction in all the subjects of Standard VII, and 58 are Lower Grade Schools, under purely native management. Broadly speaking the Upper Grade Schools are taught in English, and the Lower Grade Schools are taught in the Vernacular.
The total number of pupils in average attendance at Government and Grant Schools was 5,353 against 4,970 in 1904. Of these, 1,797 were in Government and 3,556 in Grant Schools; 3,207 pupils received instruction in English, and 2,146 in the Vernacular. The proportion of boys to girls was 3,401 to 1,952.
The Victoria School for children of British parentage was opened at Caroline Hill, in The average attendance at this and the corresponding British School at Kowloon, taken together, was 93.
1904.
Lower Grade Anglo-Chinese Schools were opened at Tanglungchau and Aberdeen
.:
112
Hygiene has been made a compulsory subject, and has been taught with satisfactory results in all Government and Grant Schools. 1,524 children received instrction in it during the year.
The Revenue derived from School Fees was $41,170.50. The Expenditure was $158,677.58, being 2.28% of the total expenditure of the Colony.
✩
V.-PUBLIC WORKS.
The principal public works in progress during the year were the Tytam Tuk Water- works (1st Section) and the Kowloon Waterworks, both of which have been described in previous reports. The former made good progress and the latter fair; a Contract for 2 miles of the catchwaters in connection with it was let and was well advanced at the end of
the year.
Of the larger buildings, the New Law Courts, Harbour Office and Western Market were all under construction, and the foundations of the New Government Offices were almost completed; the decision to erect a Clock Tower necessitating extra foundations prevented this Contract being entirely closed. The New Light and Tower at Green Island, the Disin- fecting Station in Kowloon, Mongkoktsui Market and Yaumati School were finished, and the Gunpowder Depôt, Extension to Staff Quarters Government Civil Hospital, Taipo Quarters, and Bacteriological Institute approached completion. The works of reconstruction of gullies and extension of nullah training were continued, $10,000 being spent on the former and over $20,000 on the latter: the Albany Nullah being one of the watercourses dealt with.
The Taikoktsui Reclamation was finished. $150,000 was spent on further resumption of insanitary property in the vicinity of Mee Lun Lane. The system of 100-foot roads in Kowloon was extended; the section of Robinson Road running North and South between the sea and the Yaumati Theatre was finished, and also the branch to the westward (Sixth Street), and some progress was made with a further extension of this system near the Disinfecting Station, without expense to the Colony as the spoil from this road excavation was used for private reclamation in front of the Pumping Station.
The excavation of the sites for the New Albany Filter Beds was completed and the New Watchmen's House built.
The work on the Rider Main System was continued and Districts Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 were completed and brought under control.
The total amount expended on Public Works Extraordinary, exclusive of the Praya East Reclamation and Rider-Mains, was $1,775,138.58, and on works annually recurrent, $383,798.06.
VI.-GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS.
(a.) HOSPITALS.
Government Hospitals consist of the Civil Hospital to which is attached an isolated Maternity Hospital, the Victoria Hospital for Women and Children, the Kennedy Town Infectious Diseases Hospital, and the hulk "Hygeia" used mainly for the treatment of small-pox.
The Civil Hospital contains 150 beds in 19 wards. 2,704 in-patients and 14,976 out- patients were treated during the year 1905, 267 cases of malarial fever were admitted as against 223 in 1904 and 346 in 1903. The Maternity Hospital contains 6 beds for Europeans and 4 for Asiatics. 64 confinements occurred during the year with 2 deaths. The Victoria Hospital, opened in November, 1903, by Sir HENRY BLAKE, is situated at the Peak and contains 41 beds. During 1905, 212 patients were under treatment. Kennedy Town Hospital contains 26 beds. In 1905, 42 cases were treated, of which 33 were plague. On the "Hygeia" 50 cases were treated, of which 48 were small-pox.
113
(b) LUNATIC ASYLUM.
The Asylum is under the direction of the Superintendent of the Civil Hospital. European and Chinese patients are separate, the European portion containing 8 beds in separate wards and the Chinese portion 16 beds. 178 patients of all races were treated during 1905, and there were 8 deaths.
(c.) THE TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.
This Hospital, opened in 1872, is mainly supported by the voluntary subscriptions of Chinese, but receives an annual grant of $6,000 from the Government. Only Chinese are treated in this institution which takes the place of a poor-house and hospital for Chinese sick and destitute, and is administered by an annually-elected body of 15 Chinese directors. Chinese as well as European methods of treatment are employed in accordance with the wishes expressed by the patients or their friends. The Hospital is managed by a Committee of Chinese gentlemen annually elected, their appointment being submitted to the Governor for confirmation.
VII.
INSTITUTIONS NOT SUPPORTED BY GOVERNMENT.
Among institutions recognised and encouraged but not to any considerable extent sup- ported by Government may be mentioned the Pó Leung Kuk, the College of Medicine for Chinese, and the City Hall.
The Pó Leung Kuk is an institution, incorporated in 1893, presided over by the Regis- trar-General and an annually-elected Committee of 12 Chinese gentlemen, for the protection of women and children. The inmates of the Home receive daily instruction in elementary subjects and are allowed to earn pocket-money by needle-work. During 1905, a total of 528 persons were admitted. Of these, 143 were released after enquiry, 19 were released under bond, 99 were placed in charge of their husbands, parents or relations, 3 were placed in charge of the Japanese Consul, 84 were sent to charitable institutions in China, 52 were sent to School, Convent or Refuge, 15 were adopted, 60 were married and 3 died.
The Hongkong College of Medicine for Chinese was founded in 1897, for the purpose of teaching surgery, medicine, and obstetrics to Chinese. The government of the College is vested in the Court, of which the Rector of the College, who has always been a Government official, is President. Ninety-five students have been enrolled up to the end of 1905, and of these 24 have become qualified licentiates and have obtained various posts under Government and elsewhere. The institution is of great value in spreading a knowledge of Western me- dical science among the Chinese; and in addition to the employment of certain of the licen- tiates in the public service, the senior students have frequently been made use of for various purposes during epidemics. A Government grant-in-aid of $2,500 is made to the College, to be used as honoraria to the lecturers.
The City Hall receives an annual Grant of $1,200 from Government. Reference Library and Museum.
VIIL-CRIMINAL AND POLICE.
It contains a
The total of all cases reported to the Police was 11,517 being a decrease of 295 or 2.49 per cent. over those reported in 1904. In the division of these cases into serious and minor offences there is a decrease in the former as compared with the previous year from 3,532 to 2,984, that is of 15.51 per cent., occurring in every nature of crime with the exception of assault with intent to rob.
The number of serious offences reported was 772 below the average of the quinquennial period commencing with the year 1901.
The number of minor offences reported shows an increase of 253 over the number for 1904, mainly in offences against the Spirits and Prepared Opium Ordinances.
The number of minor offences reported was 1,454 over the average of the quinquennial period.
The total number of persons committed to Victoria Gaol was 6,323, as compared with 7,464 in 1904, but of these only 2,816 were committed for criminal offences, against 4,027 in 1904. Of committals for non-criminal offences there were 121 more under the Prepared Opium Ordinance and 132 less for infringement of Sanitary Bye-laws.
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The daily average of prisoners confined in the Gaol was 697, the highest previous average being 726 in 1904. The percentage of prisoners to population, according to the daily average of the former and the estimated number of the latter, was .184 as compared with 214, the average percentage for the last ten years. The Prison discipline was satis- factory, the average of punishments per prisoner being 1.47, as compared with 1.1 in 1904 and 2.34 in 1903. The continued overcrowding of the Gaol emphasises the necessity for the proposed new Convict Prison, and the question of a fresh site has for some time past been under consideration.
The remunerative labour carried on in the Gaol consists of printing, book-binding, washing, carpentry, boot-making, net-making, painting and white-washing, mat-making, tailoring, oakum-picking, etc., the value of the work done being $45,762.40.
The total strength of the Police Force for 1905 was Europeans 133, Indians 382, Chinese 503, making a total of 1,018, as compared with 993 in 1904 exclusive in each case of the four Superior Officers and a staff of clerks and coolies. Of this Force an Assistant Superintendent, who also acted as Magistrate, and 19 Europeans, 85 Indians and 44 Chinese were stationed in the New Territory during the greater part of the year.
The force of District Watchmen to which the Government contributes $2,000 per annum was well supported by the Chinese during the year.
IX.-VITAL STATISTICS.
(a.) POPULATION.
The population of the Colony according to the Census taken in 1837 was 248,880 and according to the Census of 1901 it was 283,975 exclusive of New Kowloon and the Army and Navy Establishments. The estimated population at the middle of the year under review was 377,850, as follows:--
Non-Chinese Civil Community,
10,452
Chinese Population,
Hongkong, Old Kowloon,
211,246
73,473
New Kowloon (approximate), Floating Population,
...
21,000
54,154
359,873
Army, (average strength, Navy, (average strength),
4,274 3,251
7,525
Total,
377,850
New Kowloon was brought under the jurisdiction of the Sanitary Board in 1904, and its estimated population has accordingly been included. The population of the remainder of the New Territories according to the census of 1901 was 85,011 making when added to the present estimate a grand total of 462,861.
At the Census taken in 1901 the actual number of members of the Navy present in the Colony was 5,597 and the estimated average number resident in Hongkong during 1905 is put at 3,251.
(b.)-PUBLIC HEALTH AND SANITATION.
During the year under review considerable progress has been made in providing existing domestic buildings with increased window area as required under the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance of 1903, 2,512 houses having been thus dealt with.
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New buildings (domestic) to the number of 260 were erected during the year and in these the effect of the present Ordinance is seen in the increased amount of open space, about the houses, which the law requires. Scavenging lanes which have to be provided in the rear of new houses also increase the open space about them and tend to reduce surface crowd- ing.
Under the Insanitary Properties Resumption scheme an area of 18,092 square feet has been resumed during the year in one of the most densely populated areas of the City.
During the year there were 287 deaths from plague, being 208 less than in 1904, and, except for the years 1895 and 1897, the lowest number of deaths from this disease since its appearance in 1894.
There were 1,585 deaths from Respiratory Diseases amongst the Chinese or 251 per cent. of all Chinese deaths.
1904.
Beri-beri caused 678 deaths-a high figure but slightly lower (57 less) than that for
The deaths from Malaria were 287 as against 301 in 1904. The figure for the annual deaths from this disease has fallen from 574 in 1901 to 287 in the year under review.
(r.) CLIMATE.
The average monthly temperature throughout the year was 71 6° F. as compared with 71-6° F. in 1904 and 72.0° F. during the ten preceding years. The maximum monthly temperature was attained in July, when it reached 87.8° F., and the minimum monthly tem- perature was recorded in February, when it was 516° F. The highest recorded temperature during the year was 91.3° F. on the 18th July, and the lowest 42.8° F. on the 10th February.
The
The total rainfall for the year was 70.95 inches as compared with an average of 74.94 inches during the past ten years. The wettest month was June, with 19.70 inches, the dryest, November, with only 0.28 inch. The greatest amount of rain which fell on any one day was 7.955 inches on the 1st June, while no rain fell on 220 days of the year. relative humidity of the atmosphere throughout the year was 80 per cent., as compared with an average of 77 per cent. during the past 10 years. The average daily amount of sunshine was 5.1 hours being 45 per cent, of the possible duration.
X-POSTAL SERVICE.
The total Receipts paid into the Treasury in 1905 by the Postal Department amounted to $574,840.87 from which sum $160,002.68 was transferred to other heads of General Revenue under which fees and duties are paid in stamps, which are now sold exclusively by the Post Office, leaving the sum of $414,838.19 as Revenue of the Postal Service. The total expenditure amounted to $585,449.25, which after deducting $414,838.19 as Revenue, leaves a deficit of $170,611.06, due to adjustment of the amount payable by this Colony towards the cost of the P. & O. Mail Service for the period from 1st February, 1898, to 31st January, 1905.
This Colony's share of the contribution towards the P. & O. Mail Subsidy under the new contract, has been fixed at £12,529 per annum, as from the 1st February, 1905.
The arrangement concluded with Germany as regards the exchange of Postal Parce's between this Colony and the German South Sea Islands came into force on 1st June. Direct Money Orders were exchanged with Transvaal and the Federated Malay States during the
year.
Postage on letters to Australia was reduced from 10 cents to 4 cents per oz. from 15th July.
The Postal Arrangement with China came into force during the
year.
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XI-MILITARY FORCES AND EXPENDITURE.
(a.) REGULAR FORCES.
The following return shows the number and composition of the Forces employed in the Colony during 1905:-
CORPS.
EUROPEANS.
INDIANS.
CHINESE.
W. O.
N.C.O.'s
& Men.
N. C. O.'s
& Men.
TOTALS.
General Staff,
4
1
Garrison Staff,.
2
2
Royal Garrison Artillery,
16
615
631
Hongkong-Singapore Bn. R. G. A.,
9
9
379
...
404
Royal Engineers,..
11
194
205
Chinese S. M. M. Co., R. E.,
69
69
...
119th Infantry,
11
646
664
129th (D.C.O.) Baluchis,
8
11
535
554
Army Service Corps,
27
...
31
...
Royal Army Medical Corps,.
43
52
A. O. Department and Corps,
31
38
A. P. Department and Corps,
11
...
110th Mahratta L. I.,.
282
291
93rd Burma Infantry,
276
285
114th Mahrattas,.
1
102
105
2nd Royal West Kent Regiment,
11
441
452
Totals,
98
1,370
41
2,220
69
3,798
(b.) COLONIAL CONTRIBUTION.
The Colony contributed $1,362,650.27 (being the statutory contribution of 20 per cent. of the Estimated revenue including arrears on account of 1904) towards the cost of the maintenance of the Regular Forces in the Colony and Barrack Service.
(e.) VOLUNTEER CORPS.
The total establishment of the Corps is 431 of all ranks. The strength on the 31st December, 1905, was 276, made up as follows:-Staff, 7; two Garrison Artillery Companies, 205; one Engineer Company, 35; Troop 29.
The members of the Corps are now all armed with the new M.L.E. Short rifle and the latest pattern equipment.
The period for the annual Camp of Instruction was extended from 10 days to 16, it was held in October, 1905, and was very well attended.
The Hongkong Volunteer Reserve Association numbered two hundred and thirteen members at the close of the year, an increase of 113 members, as compared with 1904.
Members of this Association, who must be over 35 years of age, are required to make themselves proficient in rifle shooting, and undertake to enrol themselves under the Volunteer Ordinance in the event of hostilities.
The expenditure on the Volunteers, which is entirely borne by the Colony, was $58,311.12.
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XII.-GENERAL OBSERVATIONS.
The war between Russia and Japan continued during the first half of the year to affect disadvantageously the trade of the Colony and to be productive of incidents involving important questions of law. Early in January a breach of a Colonial Ordinance required the forfeiture of a cargo of ammunition destined for a belligerent but carried by a British steamer that had put into the port for coal. The position of one of the belligerent fleets from the middle of April to the middle of May within three days' steam of Hongkong necessitated stringent measures being taken to prevent any use of the port not in accordance with British neutrality laws and in several instances the severe penalties involved by the despatch of any ship with reasonable cause to believe that the same would be employed on the naval service of a foreign state at war with a friendly state had to be brought to the special notice of ship- ping agents. The departure northwards of that fleet relieved anxiety in this matter but was followed by the capture, on the grounds of carrying contraband of war, of two British ships- the Oldhamia in the Bashee Channel on May 18th and the St. Kilda a few hours out of Hongkong on June 4th. The latter capture was the last incident of the naval operations which directly affected Hongkong though it was not till nearly three months later that the armistice protocol was signed on September 1st. The opportunity was taken of the first visit to the port after the conclusion of peace of a Russian war vessel-the Almaz—to embark on her on November 30th for repatriation the 2 officers and 53 men of the former Russian torpedo boat destroyer Burni who had arrived in the Colony from Wei-Hai-Wei on the 22nd August, 1904. 2 officers and 8 men who had formed part of the same crew had previously been sent to Europe on grounds of ill-health.
One result of the disappearance of Russian naval power from Far Eastern waters was the immediate withdrawal of all the battleships from the British fleet on the China Station and a reduction in the number of cruisers. The lessening of imperial expenditure in the Colony resulting from these changes has necessarily been disadvantageous to its trade.
This was more seriously affected by the organized attempt of the Chinese in the last half of the year to boycott American goods as a protest against the administration of the United States law excluding Chinese labourers from that country. The attempt to extend the organization of the movement to this Colony was not supported by the principal Chinese merchants here, but its strength in Canton adversely affected the business in American goods which passes through Hongkong and further tended to the development of anti-foreign feeling and consequent unrest in that part of China with which Hongkong does most trade. Advantage was taken of the visit in September of Mr. WILLIAM H. TAFT, United States Secretary for War, to give that gentleman an opportunity of hearing the views of some of the leading Chinese of the Colony as to the Chinese objections to the provisions and administre tion of the exclusion law.
Uncertainty of exchange is always a factor adverse to trade and the year under rev was not exceptional in this respect, the range of variation being slightly greater than in 1904. The year started with the dollar at 1s. 11d. It fell to 1s. 103 at the end of March, rose irregularly to 2s. 1d. at the end of November and stood at 2s. 01d. in the last days of December. The maximum of the year was the highest value that had been attained since early in 1897.
Probably the most important factor in making the year a bad one for trade was the loss of confidence in Hongkong Chinese dealers owing to the speculation of 1904. which had the natural result of making it difficult for these dealers to get money with which to carry on their business in 1905. As regards imports, trade was particularly slack in fancy cotton and woollen goods and metals while but a limited business was done in Manchester piecegoods. Yarns did fairly well, especially for importers. Australian flour entered into serious com- petition with American of which the importation fell off largely; American kerosine alsc suffered from the boycott. As regards exports, trade in silk was adversely affected by various causes and in other articles, especially ginger and soy, compared unfavourably with that of preceding years.
In spite of indifferent trade several local stocks stood higher at the end than at the com mencement of the year. Hongkong and Shanghi Banking Corporation shares advance $150 against an advance of $50 in 1904. Local shipping companies retrograded. Marin insurance shares generally improved. Of the local land and building companies the share of one operating at Kowloon slightly appreciated; the others declined and the decision c holders of marine lots on the East Praya not to undertake for the present the reclamation c the sea bed in front of their properties was probably a wise one. The Dock companies di
118
not do well and the increase of dock accommodation in the Far East promises severer com- petition in the future. As regards other industrial undertakings, though there was no heavy fall, only in a few unimportant instances was there any advance on the value of shares at the end of the preceding year.
The maintenance of existing and the creation of new industrial undertakings are be- coming a matter of very great importance to the Colony, threatened as it is by serious com- petition from other places in some of its principal sources of wealth in the past. A satisfac- tory feature of the year was therefore the initiation of arrangements to start one such new enterprise in the New Territories; a flour mill on a large scale is in course of construction at a favourable site in Junk Bay and is to be combined with an extensive farm for the rearing of pigs on the refuse material. Serious attempts to prospect for metals in those Territories were also put in hand during the year. If these prove the existence of minerals in quantities that will pay for their extraction the future development of the Territories will be greatly
assisted.
Various projects that have been mooted for the construction of railways to ports on the mainland of South China have maintained and enhanced the desire of Hongkong to have as soon as possible a trunk line through that country with a terminus in the Colony.
An opportunity occurred during the year of getting rid of the foreign control of the projected railway from Canton to Hankow on which no progress was being made and which it was feared would under such control neither advance British or Chinese interests or the interests of Hongkong. On the 6th October with the approval of H.M.'s Government and under sanction of an Imperial decree the Government of Hongkong lent and the Viceroy of the Hu Kuang Provinces borrowed a sum of £1,100,000, repayable in 10 annual instal- ments. The security for the loan was the opium revenue of Hupei, Hunan and Kwangtung and the interest on it 4% payable half-yearly. The money was advanced to Hongkong by the Crown Agents at Bank rate-then 4%-and on being paid over to the Chinese Ambas- sador at Washington was at once utilized to redeem the Canton-Hankow railway concession from the various persons who had acquired interests in it from the original concessionaires. With the object of raising a loan to repay the Crown Agents' advance and at the same time to provide funds for the British section of the Canton-Kowloon railway and to meet other railway needs that might arise an Ordinance (No. 11 of 1905) was passed on the 16th October to empower the Governor to raise as occasion required loans not exceeding two mil- lion pounds in all. No loan was however raised before the end of the year.
Throughout the year attempts were being made in conjunction with H. M.'s Minister at Peking to get the Chinese authorities and particularly the Viceroy of the Liang Kuang Pro- ces to negotiate arrangements for the construction and subsequent working of the Chinese tion of the proposed Canton-Kowloon railway on the basis of Loan and Joint Working eements which had been drafted by the British and Chinese Corporation in consultation n the Colonial Office in London. These attempts had not succeeded at the close of the
year.
In the meantime, however, the Hongkong Government with the approval of the Legis- ative Council, expressed at a meeting on the 21st September, decided that the British section of the line should be put in hand without waiting for the conclusion of the negotiations with regard to the Chinese section. By that date a preliminary survey and estimate of alternative routes had been completed by Mr. J. C. BRUCE, an engineer who had been sent from Eng- 'and for the purpose and had arrived in the Colony on the 16th June, and a route 214 miles n length, which passed through the Kowloon hills by a low level tunnel 2,460 yards long, long the west shore of Tide Cove and South shore of Tolo Harbour and by the villages of Tai Po, Ha Wai, Fan Ling and Sheung Shui to the Sham Chün River near the Lo Fu ferry, ad been selected as the most economical both as regards construction and working expenses nd as best answering the requirements of a section of a trunk line through China.
Pending the completion of the final survey it was decided to commence throwing up he bank as soon as the centre line was located along the part of the line, 7 miles in length, hich traverses the low-lying ground north of Tai Po. The negotiations and clerical work volved in the resumption of the large number of small padi fields required before construc- on could be started was expeditiously carried out by Mr. C. CLEMENTI, the Assistant Land fficer, and the first sod was turned on December 9th. The decision to use labour supplied the elders of the surrounding villages for the earthwork was found, as had been antici- ted, to obviate local difficulties arising from removal of graves, "feng shui" prejudices,
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119
The introduction of a new rent roll to take the place of the rough one on which rents had previously been collected in the New Territories and at the same time of a new scale of rents produced several petitions from the village elders and some hesitancy to pay rents due. Regulations for the collection of Crown rents in arrear in the New Territories made in September and re-enacted with slight modifications at the end of November enabled these difficulties to be got over and the payment of considerable sums for work on the railway bank doubtless assisted in getting in arrears shortly after the end of the year. Fears enter- tained at one time that the second crop of rice would suffer from want of rain were fortu- nately not realised and the New Territories remained prosperous and on the whole quiet throughout the year.
In conclusion I would refer to a few changes in personnel that occurred in the Colony in 1905. The Right Reverend Bishop DOMENICO POZZONI succeeded the late lamented Bishop PIAZZOLI as head of the Roman Catholic Church and was consecrated on the 1st October. Commodore H. P. WILLIAMS took over the charge of the naval dock-yard from Rear-Admiral C. G. DICKEN on 29th September, 1905. Sir PAUL CHATER, Kt., C.M.G., resigned his appointment on the Legislative Council after serving on it for Eighteen years and has been succeeded by Mr. H. E. POLLOCK, K.C., as representative of the ratepayers. In the Colonial Service Mr. (now) Sir FRANCIS PIGGOTT, formerly Procureur General in Mauritius, arrived on the 23rd May to succeed Sir WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN as Chief Jus- tice, and since the 2nd August Mr. T. SERCOMBE SMITH has ably acted in the appointment of Colonial Secretary temporarily vacated by Mr. F. H. MAY, C.M.G., who proceeded on leave on that date.
I have the honour to be,
My Lord,
Your Lordship's most obedient, humble Servant,
M. NATHAN.
No. 1908
HONGKONG..
REPORT ON THE BOTANICAL AND FORESTRY DEPARTMENT, FOR THE YEAR 1905.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of
His Excellency the Governor.
GARDENS AND GROUNDS.
Botanic Gardens.-The year was, comparatively speaking, free from serious damage done by typhoons. In August a few trees were blown down and a number of rose bushes destroyed which have now been replaced. During the typhoon season much time was taken up by the staff in making preparations to minimise damage as much as possible. Often the work, such as the moving of pot plants into sheltered positions, proved unnecessary, but it is more economical to move them ten times than to leave them once and have them blown to pieces. It is hoped, however, that when the office is connected with the telephone system a lot of this work will be unnecessary.
The rainfall is tabulated in Table I.
Minor repairs have been done to both sand and concrete walks. Many of the Bamboos forming the roofs of the plant-houses have had to be renewed. These were originally fixed from six to eight years ago. The plant-houses in the Pot Nursery underwent considerable repairs, the woodwork in many places having become rotten.
A great feature at the fountain last Summer was the splendid show of Eichhornia speciosa when in flower. This plant was only introduced 3 years ago by Lady BLAKE but it is now to be found in gardens all over the Colony. An interesting conifer in the New Garden has recently flowered for the first time. This is, bocedrus macrolepis, the seed of which was sown in December, 1900, having been presented to the Gardens by Messrs J. Veitch & Sons' collector, who found it in Yunnan. The tree is now about 8 feet high. Other young trees raised from the same seed and planted in Mountain Lodge Grounds have long since been blown to pieces. One of the most interesting flowering trees in the Gardens is an unnamed Bauhinia growing near the deer pen in the New Garden. The original tree from which it sprang is still growing on the hillside at Pokfulam close to the remains of an old house, by the tenants of which it had presumably been introduced from abroad. So far as we have been able to ascertain it is unmatched in the Kew Herbarium. It comes into flower in September and remains in good condition for nearly five months.
In September bulbs of Allium neapolitanum were received from Mr. W. H. Wallace, Amoy, some of which were planted in pots in the Gardens and the remainder in the rockery at Mountain Lodge. A few of those at the Peak flowered splendidly but those down below absolutely refused to grow. At Amoy these and many other bulbs do remarkably well, but, from some cause or other which it is difficult to fathom, it is impossible to grow them in Hongkong.
The chief recipients of plants and seeds were :-
Arnold Arboretum (Boston); Assistant Superintendent, Victoria Gaol; Messrs. BARR & SONS (London); Botanic Gardens of Calcutta, Kew, Natal and Singapore; Messrs. BUTTERFIED & SWIRE; Captain Superintendent of Police; Civil Service Club; Dr. CLARKE; Colonel BIRDWOOD (Tonbridge); Mr. R. H. C. CRAWFORD (Nassau); Forestry Bureau (Manila); Miss F. GROTEFEND (Berlin Foundling House); Mr. T. HANMER; Major-General VILLIERS HATTON; Imperial Scientific College (Tokio); Miss JoHNSTONE; His Honour J. H. STEWART LOCKHART (Wei-hai-wei); Miss J. MULLERY; Museum of Natural History (Paris); Police Recreation Club; Police Stations at Bay View, Ping Shan, Sheung Shui and Tai 0; Parks and Open Spaces (Shanghai); Miss JOHANNE REINECKE; Southern California Acclimatizing Association; Mrs. SWAN; Messrs. TANG LING TONG and Mr. W. H. WALLACE (Amoy).
品
440
The chief donors of plants and seeds were:-
Arnold Arboretum; Mr. A. BABINGTON; Messrs. BLACKHEAD & Co.
;
Lady BLAKE (Ceylon); Botanic Gardens of Calcutta, Ceylon, Durban (Natal), French Congo, Jamaica, Singapore and Trinidad; Mr. CHOA LUP CHEE; Deputy Commissioner of Forests, Chittagong; Forestry Bureau, Manila; Rev. B. GREISER; Captain HODGINS; Parks and Open Spaces, Shanghai; Captain MARCHANT; Imperial Botanical Museum, Berlin; Sir FRANCIS PIGGOTT; Reporter on Economic Products to the Government of India; Mr. A. ROBERT- SON-PROSCHOWSKY; South California Acclimatizing Association; State Gar- dens, Baroda; Mrs. BASIL TAYLOR; United States Department of Agricul- ture;
Mr. W. H. WALLACE; Mr. J. WESTLAND, (Ceylon).
Government House Grounds.-These grounds, including the walks, have been kept up to their usual condition. Towards the end of the year the tennis lawn was attacked by caterpillars which were kept in check by an application of Jeye's Fluid and water in the proportion of one of the former to ninety of the latter. In the small compound behind the stables which was formerly used for growing decorative plants, new coolie quarters have been erected, thus necessitating the removal of the plants elsewhere.
Mountain Lodge Grounds.-The shrubberies were overhauled and planted up as required. These always want a lot of attention in the Spring of the year owing to the great damage done by wind even in the most favourable Summers. In the August typhoon the creeper covering the large retaining wall was completely blown down, thus exposing the whole of the unsightly masonry. Wires fixed to iron stays have been put up so that it is hoped that when the Ficus has grown, in two or three years, the wind will not be able to do so much damage in this direction. The steepest parts of the walk round the hill on the south side of the grounds were concreted, and cement channels made to carry off the rainfall.
Protestant Cemetery.-The usual routine work was maintained throughout the year. During the winter months, at the beginning and end of the year, a great deal of damage was done to annuals by deer. The herbage obtainable on the hillsides at this season is less suc- culent than at other times and it is on this account that these animals come into the Ceme- tery to feed on the tender plants growing there. Ihe roofs and stages of the plant-houses which had become decayed have been renewed by the Public Works Department. The matsheds also which are used for storing dry soil and for raising plants from seed have been re-built.
Blake Garden.-A few more trees, shrubs and creepers were planted in the Spring. Most of the plants and trees put in 1904 have grown well. A summer-house subscribed for by a few of the Chinese residents in the neighbourhood has been erected on the mound at the north-west corner of the Garden. The Garden appears to be more and more appreciated by the Chinese.
Peak Garden.-The vote of $700 allowed for the formation of this small Garden was expended during the year but the ground has not been turfed yet, as the work was not sufficiently advanced at the end of the rainy season to permit of this being done.
A pump has been fixed to the well in the Garden by the Public Works Department. This will permit of the well being covered over so that there will be no danger of children falling in, and at the same time the water will be available for the garden.
·
Sokunpo Nursery.-As the Nursery is unfenced, wild deer, as in the Protestant Ceme- tery, did a lot of damage to the seedlings; pigs were also a source of trouble. A portion was enclosed with a wire-netting fence, 3 feet high, but this was only partly effectual in keeping the deer out as they occasionally jumped over it. Small lamps, however, fixed so that they would sway about in the wild during the night had very satisfactory results.
Albany Nursery.-The whole of the Albany Nursery is gradually being brought into use as funds permit. A part of it is occupied by decorative plants, the stock of which has had to be largely increased owing to the frequency with which they are now required for various decorative purposes. Carrying the plants to and from the places where they are being used, insufficient water whilst they are in the rooms and the frequent breakage of pots causing damage to the roots and necessitating re-potting, render it necessary to keep many more plants than are actually required at any one time. A number of trees and economic plants have been put in another part of this nursery.
.:
F
441
West End Park.-A number of men have been employed at various times throughout the year in cutting grass, pulling up weeds and keeping the place generally in a fair
condition.
Government Offices' Grounds.-These have been kept in good order throughout the year. In continuation of the previous year's work bare patches under trees have been covered with "blue grass.
Roadside Rockeries.-The numerous rockeries in various parts of the town have received attention from time to time. In the Glenealy rockeries a lot of re-planting was done in the Spring.
A list is appended (Table II) of the various Gardens, Parks, Rockeries, etc., for which the department is wholly or partly responsible.
HERBARIUM.
The routine work of the Herbarium consists in keeping the collections dry and free from insects, and the mounting, poisoning and sorting of new specimens. These duties were satisfactorily done by the two Chinese Assistants during the year. Little time could be
given by the European staff to botany, and the collection of about 3,000 specimens brought by the Superintendent from Fokien still remains in the boxes in which it arrived. During the
year another and larger collection (from Central and Western China) was acquired. The utilization of these collections as well as the identification of a collection of economic products for the Imperial Institute remained on hand at the end of the year. It is, however, hoped that time will be found to clear off these arrears of work in 1906.
The chief recipients of Herbarium specimens were :—
The Arnold Arboretum ; Botanic Gardens at Calcutta, Kew, Manila and Singapore; British Museum; Professor MARTELLI (Italy); Parks and Open Spaces, Shanghai.
The chief donor or Herbarium specimens was :-
The Imperial Botanical Museum, Berlin.
BOTANICAL INVESTIGATIONS.
Expedition to Central Fokien.
At the end of April a well-equipped expedition was sent by the Government in charge of the Superintendent to investigate the botanical resources of the Province of Fokien. Four trained Chinese collectors were taken. Foochow was reached on the 25th of April and a houseboat taken at once for the exploration of the more easily navigable parts of the Yuen Fu and Min Rivers. As the Hongkong Herbarium was almost devoid of specimens from Fokien and as our knowledge of the flora of that Province is very meagre it was necessary to collect specimens of every species, even down to the weeds of the cultivated fields. This collecting was at once begun on the plains and foothills of the ranges surrounding Foochow, and in 3 days about 300 species were collected. The houseboat formed a convenient base for drying and sorting the specimens. On the 29th of April the first rapids were reached, about 35 miles up the Yuen Fu. There is a good deal of virgin forest above 700 feet on the mountains which at this point begin to close in on the river. The finest forest that was seen was that surrounding the Monastery of Fong Kong Tse. The enormous trees of Liquidam- bar, Maple, Oak and Pine which grew there sheltered a rich flora, and a large number of additional species were collected on the damp rocks and along the mossy rivulets. On the 30th a return was commenced downstream and Foochow was reached again on May 2nd. The chief cultivations on the banks of the Yuen Fu are Lichee, Water Plum (Myrica rubra), Opium, Wheat, Oats, Paddi and Rape. In the steep gorges bamboo is extensively grown. Full notes were made on the cultivation and manipulation of these crops, especially on the extraordinarily ingenious methods of transporting the bamboos from the mountains.
442
A start was made on May 2nd up the Min River, and by the 7th Shui Kau, the highest point navigable for houseboats, was reached. The flora of the banks and neighbouring hills though very beautiful presented little that was new. Tea-oil cultivation was seen for the first time covering the dry hills at Shui Kau. As an experiment is being made with a view to introducing this industry into the New Territory, the conditions were carefully noted.
A transfer had now to be made to a rapid-boat and interesting though slow progress was made up the almost continuous series of rapids to Yenping. About 200 species from the banks of the Min were added to the 500 collected on the Yuen Fu, and the opportunity was taken of sorting and writing a key to the species as a guide to further collecting.
Yenping lies at the junction of the Kienning River with the Min nearly in the centre of the Province and is cut off from the north by a high range of mountains. These mountains are intersected by numerous forest-clad valleys, and it was determined to make a thorough exploration of one of these and of the summits with one collector, sending two further up the Min and leaving one at Yenping to dry the collections. The important work of drying the plants already collected and of those now constantly sent down from the mountains was greatly facilitated by the kindness of some Missionaries in Yenping who lent a room for the purpose. The Superintendent with one collector stayed at the small Chinese village of Buong Kang, about 12 miles from the town, and made an exhaustive collection of the flora of the romantic gorge in which it was situated as well as of the grassy downs at the summit. Both wood-oil and paper are made at this village and the excellent opportunity of obtaining full details of their manufacture was not neglected. Several points which had been obscure or misunderstood in these industries were fortunately able to be cleared up. A full des- cription of these and other interesting results of the expedition are given below. Buong Kang was left and a return made to Yenping after a stay of three weeks. The number of additional species collected there was about 600.
A few days were spent in collecting at Yenping while waiting for the return of the two collectors from the Upper Min. Upon their return a rapid-boat was secured and the collec- tions taken back with all possible speed to Foochow and Hongkong which was reached on the 24th of June.
Wood-oil.-Wood-oil is abundantly produced in the Province of Fokien and is one of the chief products brought down the Min from the western part of the Province. At Buong Kang, near Yenping, there is a large plantation of wood-oil trees, and as three weeks were spent there during the recent investigation of the flora of Fokien, the opportunity was taken to ascertain as much as possible as to the industry. The trees were of two kinds locally known as Hwa Tung and Guong Tung. The names refer to the distin- guishing character of the fruit which is sculptured in the first, smooth in the second. The trees were in flower and were easily recognised as Aleurites cordata and another species of the same genus which has been in cultivation in the Hongkong Botanic Gardens for many years but has not yet received a name. I understand from Mr. HEMSLEY, Keeper of the Kew Herbarium, that it is undescribed and that he has it in hand at Kew. The Hwa Tung (Aleurites cordata) is the most valued because all the flowers of the majority of trees produce fruits, from which the oil is made, while in the second kind a few flowers only in each cluster are perfect, quite 80 per cent. being male flowers. Why this kind is planted at all I was unable to discover. The trees are raised from seed and planted out when about three years old. They arrive at bearing in 5 or 6 years. The nuts are gathered when ripe, pounded up and placed in the usual Chinese oil presses. The pressure is applied by wedges, and the oil is collected and taken to market in a crude state.
It does not appear to have been suspected before that wood-oil was a mixture of the products of two species. A sample of seeds of the new Guong Tung have been secured for trial at the Imperial Institute, and if they yield oil superior in quality to the wood-oil of commerce the tree will be tried in the New Territory.
Bamboo Paper.-This is the usual paper used by the Chinese for wrapping up parcels and is produced and sold in very large quantities in many parts of Southern China. The ma- nufacture was investigated at Buong Kang where a flourishing paper mill exists. The bam- boo called Ma Deuk () is the variety used. This is a bamboo (Phyllostachys, sp.) 20-50 ft. high, having a downy stem when young. is cut into convenient lengths and laid in concrete tanks of water for about 4 months. After that period the material is care- fully removed by hand as it becomes ready and is pulped in a water mill. These mills,
It
443
which are used for all kinds of pounding, consist of an overshot wheel about 10 feet in diameter. The axle carries a wooden cam which alternately raises and releases the pounder. The pulp is subsequently taken into the factory as a fibrous mass, the fragments being about 1 inch long. They are there mixed with water, forming a thin muddy liquid. The water contains a binding ingredient or size made from the leaves of various plants, among which were an Actinidia, a Holly, a species of Lauraceae, and a Schizandra. From this liquid the fibre is removed in thin films on a delicate tray of bamboo threads supported on a bam boo frame. Each film is a sheet of paper and only needs to be dried, first on a hot tsurface, and then in a strong lever press to be ready for market.
China Fir.-The China Fir (Cunninghamia sinensis) may be called par excellence thə imber tree of China, for in a great part of the Empire boats, houses, furniture and agricultural machines are made of it. The large quantities grown in Fokien in former times have doubtless contributed to the prosperity of Foochow. The conditions of cultivation were investigated at *Buong Kang near Yenping in that Province. It is called locally Sau Tsoi (). Trees are grown from cuttings taken from branches of 2 years old or less. These are planted in rows, 12 feet apart, from the beginning of February to the equinox. The plantations are cleaned 2 or 3 times a year while the trees are young and are protected by fire barriers. The felled timber is extracted down made ways to the foot of the mountains and then carried to the river and made into large rafts. The timber is in demand for construction even in Hongkong although we are plentifully supplied with Pinus massoniana, because it is not subject to the attacks of white ants as is the latter species.
Bamboos of Fokien -From the amount of ground, in those parts of Fokien visited during the year, which is taken up with Bamboo cultivation it seems probable that this is one of the chief industries of the Province. The steep sides of mountain valleys are the favourite situations. Sixteen kinds are recognized in the Yenping mountains :-
(1.). Ma Deuk().-The commonest species, 20-50 ft. high. It is used for small buildings, and for making mats and paper. The shoots are eaten. It is planted from cut- tings in the spring and remains for about three years before the shoots develop. Flowering is said to occur every five years. It appears to be a species of Phyllostachys. Fokien col-
lection No. 932.
2.) Ku Deuk (†) (Bitter Bamboo).—The bitter shoots are eaten. Phyllostachys nigra, Munro. Fokien collection No. 960.
(3.) Gong Nong Deuk.--Used for boat and chair poles. Phyllostachys nigra, Munro. Fokien collection No. 1,001.
(4.) Cieh Deuk (†) (Folding Bamboo).--Shoots dried for export. Phyllostachys nigra, Munro. Fokien collection No. 962.
(5.) Uong Deuk () (Yellow Bamboo).-A small variety planted for hedges. Bambusa, sp. Fokien collection No. 970.
(6.) Lek Deuk (†) (Clustered Bamboo).-A decorative species with remarkably long internodes. Bambusa pallida, Munro. Fokien collection No. 882.
(7.) Sioh Deuk (†) (Stone Bamboo).—Used for basket making. Basket making is an important industry and bamboo baskets are widely used and extremely cheap throughout the Province. Phyllostachys nigra, Munro., Fokien collection No. 1,000.
(8.) U Deuk (†)(Black Bamboo).-Used for umbrella handles. Phyllostachys nigra, Munro. Fokien collection No. 883.
(9.) Heung Deuk (Square Bamboo).-Used for walking sticks.
Bamboo).—Used for walking sticks. Bambusa quadrangu- laris, Fenzi.
(10.) Ming Deuk.- A small bamboo with a blotched purple and yellow stem. Little used. Phyllostachys nigra, Munro. Fokien collection No. 961.
(11.) Lu Deuk, so called, is only a large herbaceous grass.
444
(12.) Cieng Deuk.-Used for making sieves. The leaves, which are remarkably large and broad, are in common use for wrapping up food. Arundinaria sinica, Hance. Fokien collection No. 885.
(13.) Long Deuk (†).-Edible shoots. Phyllostachys nigra, Munro. Fokien collec-
tion No. 886.
(14.) Dang Deuk.-Phyllostachys nigra, Munro. Fokien collection No. 887.
(15.) Man or Tsung Deuk.-Phyllostachys nigra, Munro. Fokien collection No. 971. (16) Mieng Deuk. -Used for making bamboo ropes. No leaf specimen was obtainable. Its use for the manufacture of the wonderfully strong and fray-resisting ropes so in- dispensible in navigating the Min rapids renders it locally an important plant.
The bamboos collected in flower were Phyllostachys bambusoides, Sieb; Bambusa* tuloides, Munro; Bambusa pallida, Munro; and Arundinaria densiflora, Munro. With the exception of the last four, they were without flowers and their identification depended upon comparison of their leaves with named flowering specimens.
There are two methods employed in transporting the bamboos from the mountains to market. The stems are first tied into bundles of a few cwt. each and dragged by hand along smooth grooves on the mountain sides or, when very steep ground has to be crossed, along bamboo brackets fixed at short intervals in the rock. When a small stream is reached they are floated down it, sufficient water being confined into a narrow canal by means of shingle guides and barriers. On reaching a river larger rafts are made up and floated or rowed to the market town.
Additions to the Flora of Hongkong and the New Territory.
Illicium dunnianum, Tutcher.-A new species found growing at Sam-tam-lo in the New Territory on the banks of a stream.
Talinum crassifolium, Linn.-This is an African species and was first discovered in a Chinese Garden in Hongkong as a weed some three or four years ago. Last year it was found cultivated at Sokunpo.
Camellia crapnelliana, Tutcher.-Discovered on the south side of Mount Parker. A new species and only one tree found.
Chisocheton hongkongensis, Tutcher.-A new species discovered in the ravine on the southern slope of Mt. Parker. The genus is new to China.
Microtropis, new species.-This is an interesting addition to the order Celastrace as the genus hitherto had not been recorded from China. It was found in a ravine below Mountain Lodge on the north-eastern slope of Mt. Victoria.
Desmodium latifolium, DC.-Several plants of this species were discovered at Sokunpo and the next day specimens were also brought in from the New Territory. Curious to relate its habitat in China had not been previously known, although plants were raised in England from seeds collected by STAUNTON who accompanied Lord MACARTNEY'S Embassy to China more than 100 years ago. The species is also a native of Africa, India and the Philippines.
Mucuna birdwoodiana, Tutcher.-This plant has been known for several years but it has been confused with Mucuna macrobotrys, Hance. The flowers are ivory-coloured and are produced in panicles. Found on Mt. Parker, Mt. Gough and Taimoshan.
Derris Fordii, Oliv.-Discovered in the neighbourhood of Shek O Gap. Only pre- viously known from the interior of Kwangtung and Central China.
Sycopsis sp.-This genus has hitherto been represented in China by a single species, but another was found some time ago at the Peak on the southern slope below Mountain Lodge.
Eugenia Jambolana, Lour.-Found growing at Repulse Bay and is not at all an un- common tree in the Island. Not previously recorded from China.
445
Ammannia senegalensis, Lamk.-Found in the Colony for the first time at Sokunpo in a swamp. Previously recorded from the interior of Kwangtung Province.
Uncaria homomalla, Miq.?-Found in the upper part of the Glenealy ravine. Hitherto it has not been recorded from China.
Blumea myriocephala, DC.--This species was discovered at Little Hongkong. Only previously known in China from Formosa and the Loochoos.
Soliva anthemifolia, R. Br.-This is probably a weed of introduction as it has been dis- covered on cultivated ground at Sokunpo and Kowloon. It is a native of South America and Australia, but not previously recorded from China.
Artemisia lactiflora, Wall.-A plant of this was found in a flower-pot in the Gardens. It is a common plant in the neighbourhood of Canton and has lately been advertised at home by a well-known nurseryman as a very desirable flowering plant, which it certainly is.
Lindera megaphylla, Hemsl.-An interesting addition to the laurels of Hongkong. Found growing in a wood between Little Hongkong Village and Middle Gap, Black's Link. Only previously recorded from Kiangsi and Hupeh.
Bridelia Balansa, Tutcher.-A new species first found in Tonkin and subsequently in Hongkong; one tree in the Happy Valley woods above the Bowen Road and another on the south side of Mt. Parker.
Quercus amygdalifolia, Skan ?-A single tree on the north side of Mt. Cameron. Only previously known from Formosa.
- Quercus Editha, Skan.-Two trees of this species were discovered on Mt. Gough in a ravine below the new Peak Garden. It was named after Lady BLAKE from specimens found in the New Territory during the time Sir HENRY BLAKE was Governor of the Colony.
Quercus sp.-A fine tree, between 30 and 40 feet high, was found growing with Castanopsis Fabri, Hance, in a ravine on the north-east slope of Mt. Victoria. It was in fruit and belongs to the section Chlamydo-balanos and will probably prove to be new.
Quercus sp.-A second species of this genus was found with the foregoing but in leaf only. It was a tree about 20 feet high and somewhat resembles in foliage Quercus naiadarum, Hance.
Quercus sp.-A tree 40 feet high found in the same wood as Lindera megaphylla. It was in leaf only but appears different from any other known Hongkong species.
Quercus sp.-Found at Mt. Davis in fruit. It is something like Quercus thalassica,
Hance.
Castanopsis Fabri, Hance.-Several specimens of this tree were found in the same place as Quercus Edithe and later on a very fine tree, 40 feet high, was discovered in a ravine on the north-east slope of Mt. Victoria below Mountain Lodge. Only previously known from Lofaushan, Fokien, and the New Territory.
Ophiopogon japonicus. Ker-Gawl.-Plants of this were found on the Black Mountain in 1903 and have been cultivated in the Gardens since. They flowered last year and were determined as above. Another species of Ophiopogon discovered on Mt. Parker has not yet been determined.
Ruppia maritima, Linn.-Discovered growing in Sheko lagoon. An interesting addition to the water-plants of the Island.
Bambusa Cantori, Munro ?-In the Happy Valley woods; previously known from
Lantao.
It may be interesting to note that Paphiopedilum (Cypripedium) purpuratum. Pfitz., which was considered an endemic species has been discovered on Ma On Shan in the New Territory during the past year.
446
In the "Flora Hongkongensis," BENTHAM enumerates 1,053 species. The additions (including HANCE's 75) since the publication of the Flora now amount to between 400 and 500, and the publication of a new Flora (which should include all plants known from the New Territory) is becoming a growing necessity.
FORESTRY.
It will be remembered that the questions asked by the Hon. Mr. SHEWAN in Legislative Council on September 14th, 1904, led to a useful discussion (Legislative Council Paper No. 36 of 1905) upon the best method of managing the Pine plantations on the Island. Even- tually the help of the Indian Forestry Department was sought and the Inspector General of Forests advised that the trees should be allowed to grow for 30 years (or in exceptional cases 35) before being felled. This rotation was adopted by the Hongkong Government with the slight change that 35 was to be the normal, 30 or less the exceptional term. further decided not to cut down blocks of trees except in the part of the Island remote from Victoria, viz., the Tytam and Stanley divisions; the "shelterwood strip system" was to be adopted in the Shaukiwan, Aberdeen and Pokfulam divisions, while the two divisions reaching from Belchers Bay to the Happy Valley are, His Excellency the Governor has since decided, to be preserved for artistic effect only.
It was
The principal localities planted with pine during the year were Aberdeen (96,000 trees), this was the block cut down in 1904; Yaumati (50,000); Pokfulam (10,000); and Tytamtuk (10,000). Vide Tables III and IV.
Very little felling took place during the year in consequence of the uncertainty which existed concerning the best means of conducting it. Unfortunately, however, the number of trees removed was swelled by an unusually large quantity of dead timber. As this depart- ment pointed out in 1904, the greater part of the plantations in the Island consist of tree which fall off in growth after 20 years and, no doubt, a considerable percentage die at that age or during the subsequent decade.
One of the great advantages of afforestation is the improvement of the soil. Pines will grow on very poor soil, but after one or two generations make the ground rich enough to support more valuable and more beautiful trees. This result will never be realized however in Hongkong, nor will the pines themselves flourish until the Chinese have been taught not to scrape up the rich pine needle humus from the plantations for fuel. In some old plant- ations the ground is kept as bare and sandy as when the trees were planted. In consider- ation of these facts it is satisfactory that the hands of the forest guards have been greatly strengthened during the year for dealing with this difficulty and a large number of marau- ders have been arrested and punished.
The only serious cases of organized stealing of timber occurred at Aberdeen Brick Works and at Mong Kok (Table V). In the former case one man was caught after great difficulty and heavily punished. In the latter case three partners of the Government timber contractor were arrested and convicted, receiving various terms of imprisonment and banishment.
The Chinese licensed pine plantations in the New Territory have been regularly visited during the year. No cases of overcutting have been detected. A few licences have been cancelled because of the unauthorized cutting of wild trees by their holders. In order to facilitate the re-sowing of felled areas in the Chinese Forest Lots a notice was issued in Nov- ember reminding Licence holders of their obligation to re-sow and offering seed from the Government plantations at cost price for the purpose. Owing to the scarcity of mature seed-bearing trees in the Chinese plantations the necessary quantity for re-sowing had pre- viously been bought by plantation owners from Canton at about $6 per lb. as far as could be ascertained. A good many applicants have, as a result, been provided with Government seed at 70 cents per lb. This reduces the cost of seed sufficient for one acre to 3 cents, when sown in the Chinese way.
The Chinese plantations in the Shatin Valley, from the Government Forest Nursery at Kanghau south-westwards to the gap, have been purchased by the Government. This block is more or less under the eye of the Government workmen at Kanghau and will require little extra protection. It is fairly well stocked with trees and these will be useful as shelter for the regular plantations when formed.
447
AGRICULTURE.
Nitroculture.-A small experiment was made with nitroculture in the Government Nur- sery at Sokunpo. The result was so encouraging that a further consignment has been ordered with a view to introducing the culture to the New Territory farmers in 1906. It has long been supposed that leguminous crops have the power of absorbing nitrogen from the air, thereby improving themselves and the soil without the use of fertilizers, provided only that certain bacteria exist in the ground. An American agriculturist has succeeded in cultivating these bacteria, and preparations can now be bought and the seeds artificially inoculated. Some of this nitroculture preparation was obtained and applied to a crop of peanuts. Two varieties of peanut were used. Plots without nitroculture were grown alongside for comparison. The results were as follows:-
Probable Average market Average Weight value of Weight
Nuts per of Plants.
acre.
Nature of Crop.
Treat- ment.
Weight of Crop.
Area.
of Nuts.
Nuts. Plants.
Sq. ft.
Per acre
in lbs.
Per acre in lbs.
Large Ground Nut.
Nitro- culture.
55 lbs.
35 lbs.
734
3,264 $146.88
2,077
Do.
Usual.
20 lbs.
12 lbs.
874
997 44.87
598
Small Ground Nut.
Nitro- culture.
19 lbs. 45 lbs.
528
1,567 70.51
3,705
Do.
Usual. 21 lbs.
52 lbs.
853
1,072
48.24
2,655
The cost of enough nitro-preparation for one acre is $4 (Mexican), the expense of applying it to the seeds is negligible so that the increase in profit to the farmer per acre judging from this one experiment should be about $100 for large, $20 for small ground The success of bacteria cultures is notoriously uncertain and, while some trials may be more successful than this, others will possibly fail. The results of the New Territory crops will be reported.
nuts.
LIBRARY.
The following periodicals and other works have been purchased :--
Acta Horti Petropolitani, XV. fasc. 3, XXL. fasc. 2.
Botanica Applicada na China, DA SILVA.
Botanical Magazine, 1905.
Botanisches Centralblatt, 1905.
Bulletin de l'Academie Imperial des Sciences de St. Petersburg. XV.-XXII.,
1870-77.
Bulletin de l'Academie Internationale de Geographie Botanique, 1898-1904.
Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France, 1882-1885.
Butterflies of Hongkong and Southern China, J. C. KERSHAW.
Dictionary of Gardening, NICHOLSON.
Flowering Plants and Ferns, WILLIS.
Gardeners' Chronicle, 1905.
2
Gardening for India, FIRMINGER.
Journal of Botany, 1905.
Journal de Botanique, 1887-1904.
448
Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, 1905.
Naturalists' Universal Directory.
Timbers of Commerce, STONE.
Periodicals were presented by the following establishments:-
Agricultural Departments of Cape of Good Hope, Jamaica, South Australia, United
States, Victoria, West Indies, Western Australia, and from the University of• California.
Botanic Gardens of Barbados, British Guiana, Calcutta, Ceylon, Dominica, Jamaica, Kew, Manila, Natal, Saharanpur, St. Vincent, Straits Settlements, Sydney, Tobago and Trinidad.
Forestry Reports were received from India relating to Ajmer-meswara, Andamans, Assam, Baluchistan, Bengal, Bombay Presidency, Burma, Central Provinces, Coorg, Dehra Dun, Madras Presidency, and Punjab.
The following works were also presented:--
Atlas de Filippinas; by the United States Government.
A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus, J. H. MAIDEN, Parts 6 & 7; by
the Author.
A Review of the Identifications of the species described in Blanco's Flora de
Filipinas, E. D. MERRILL; by the Author.
Botanical Magazine, Tokyo, Vol. IX, No. 105; by Professor MAtsumura.
Crataegus in Eastern Pennsylvania, C. S. SARGENT; by the Author.
Flora of Ceylon, TRIMEN, parts IV and V with plates LXXVI-C; by the Director,
Royal Gardens, Kew.
Flora of the Presidency of Bombay, T. COOKE; by the Author.
Hooker's Icones Plantarum, Vol. VIII, Part 4; by the Director, Royal Gardens, Kew. Journal of the Board of Agriculture, London; by the Board.
Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo, Vol. XVIII,
Article 8, and Vol. XX, Article 3; by the University.
Kew Bulletin, parts published in 1905; by the Director, Royal Gardens, Kew. Les Noces des Palmiers, J. BARBOSA-RODRIGUEZ; by the Author.
!
Luizaery ou Curare, J. BARBOSA-RODRIGUEZ; by the Author.
Manual of the Trees of North America, C. S. SARGENT; by the Author.
*
Myrtacées du Paraguay, J. BARBOSA-RDORIGUEZ; by the Author.
Natal Plants, J. MEDLEY WOOD, Vol. IV, Part 3, and Vol. V, Parts 1 and 2;
by the Author.
Report on Rubber (Gold Coast); by the Director, Botanical and Agricultural
Department, Aburi.
The Merchantable Timbers of Queensland, PHILIP MACMAHON; by the Secretary
for Agriculture, Queensland.
Trees and Shrubs, C. S. SARGENT, Part IV; by the Author.
449
REVENUE.
The details of revenue for the year are given in Table VI.
STAFF.
The department was administered by the Superintendent from January 1st to April 20th, and from June 24th to December 31st. The Assistant Superintendent resumed his duties on March 30th after a year's absence in England. He acted for the Superintendent from April 21st to June 23rd, during the absence of the latter in the interior.
S. T. DUNN,
Superintendent, Botanical and Forestry Department.
6th April, 1906.
1,
2,
Date.
Table I.
1905 RAINFALL.-BOTANIC GARDENS.
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug.
Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Inches. Inches. Inches. Inches. Inches. Inches. Inches. Inches. Inches, Inches. Inches. Inches.
.01
.73
.01 .01 .01
3,
4,
...
12,
5,
6,
7,
?
8,
9,
10,
11,
•
.01
...
.02
.07
ಇರಲಿ :
9.70
.04. .45 .13 .24
.74
3.08
.01 .06
.06
.02 .07
.37
.03
.02
.09 .03
.10
.19
.15
.02
.01
.10
...
.87
...
.11
.15
.01
.11
5.58
1.35
.07
.02
.17!
1.11
.01
.44 .87
.02
1.03
...
.26
.12
.05
.43*
...
.04
.14
.14
...
.59
.93
.05
•
13.
14,
.05
.26
...
.11
.01
.02
2.63
.02
.07
...
.98
.09 1.98
....
1.20 .27
:::::3 :: ਕ: ਨੇ :
.13 .03
.02
.01
15.
16,
17.
18,
19,
20,
21,
22,
...
.05 .26 .08
.26 .83 .15 .02
...
.13
...
23,
.02 .11 .04 .36
2.70
24,
.04 1.11
.04
.17 .07 2.10 .61 .02
25,
.07
1.10
.03 .70 .01
26,
.01
.24
.62
.01
1.37
27,
.51
.55
.02
.63
...
28,
.02
.02 .53
.69
1.35
29,
1.03
.95
.03
1.47
...
30,
.13
.04
2.24
31,
.01
2.04
.10 .13 .03 .01 2.47
.52
.15
.10
...
Total,
...
1.70 .70 13.22 1.28
5.34 23.29 10.80 10.65
6.16
.34 .38
2.66
.12
...
.08
...
858
.28
.01
.35
.08
.01.
.09
.80
.06
.59
.Q3 .74
យុវវ
.35
.01
***
.04
...
2.28
...
.01
.02
.09
.25
...
.06
1.35
.09
...
Total Inches for the year, 76.52.
Observations made at 10 A.M. Elevation, 300 ft.
450
Table II.
LAND UNDER COMPLETE OR PARTIAL MANAGEMENT OF BOTANICAL AND FORESTRY DEPARTMENT.
1. Botanic Gardens.
2. Blake Garden.
3. Peak Garden.
4. King's Park, Kowloon.
5. West End Park.
6. Government House Grounds.
7. Mountain Lodge Grounds.
8. Government Offices Grounds. 9. Colonial Cemetery.
10. Sookunpo Government Nursery. 11. Kang Hau Forest Nursery. 12. Sookunpo Bamboo Nursery. 13. North Point Tree Nursery.
14. Loan Plant Compound, Garden Road. 15. Albany Nursery.
16. Rockery in Garden Road.
Do. (upper) in Albert Road.
17.
18.
Do.
(lower) do.
19.
Do.
(upper) in Peak Road.
20.
Do.
(lower) do.
21.
Do.
(upper) at St. Joseph's Church.
22.
Do. (lower)
do.
23.
Do.in Glenealy Road, below Robinson Road.
24.
Do.
do.
below first bend.
25.
Do.
do.
below second bend.
26.
Do.
do.
below third bend.
27. Do.
do.
below Cathedral.
28. Do.
do.
lower part, W.
29. Do.
do.
do., E.
30.
Do. at junction of Seymour and Robinson Road.
31. Plot over Garden tank at junction of Bowen and Garden Roads.
32. Do. above Garden Cottages.
33. Do. in front of St. Joseph's Church, Garden Road.
34. Bank in Bridges St.
35. Do. opposite main entrance to Government House Grounds.
36. Do. between Garden Road and Albert Road.
37. Do. between Upper and Lower Albert Roads.
38. Do. south of Lower Albert Road, opposite Government Offices. 39. Do. south of Volunteer Parade Ground.
40. Do. Lower Albert Road, opposite Volunteer Parade Ground.
41. Do. between Albany Road and Upper Albert Road.
42. Do. on north boundary of New Garden, Caine Road.
43. Do. between Wyndham Street and Lower Albert Road.
44. Do. on north side of Government House Grounds.
45. Do. between Lower Albert Road and Ice House Street.
46. Do. on south side of Battery Path.
47. Do. on north side of Battery Path.
48. Do. east of Garden Road Nuliah, between Kennedy Rd. & Macdonnell Rd. 49. Do. east of Garden Road Nullah, between Macdonnell Rd. and Bowen Rd.
50. Do. above Bowen Road at junction of Bowen and Garden Roads.
51. Do. west of Glenealy Nullah below Robinson Road Bridge.
52. Do. west of Garden Road Nullah between Garden Cottage and Bowen Road Bridge. 53. Do. between Tramway and Garden Road Nullah, below Kennedy Road.
54. Rockery in Robinson Road, S.W. of West End Park.
4
Date.
January,
February, March,
•
April,
May, June,
451
Table III.
TREES PLANTED IN 1905.
Place.
Tree.
Number.
Pokfulam Reservoir,
...
Pine,
10,115
Aberdeen,
Yaumati,
Barker Road,
>>
96,665
50,052
Tytam Reservoir,.
""
10,000
Camphor,
21
Kang Hau,.
10,515
Total,
177,368
Table IV.
BLOCKS PLANTED WITH PINE, 1904-1905.
No. FOREST DIVISION.
121 00 10 N
Victoria, Wongneichong,
Shaukiwan,
4
Tytam,
5
Stanley,
6
Aberdeen,
7
Pokfulam,
BLOCK.
A
В
C
D
E
F
G
طح
New Territory,
Total,
96,665 10,115
...
10,000
No. FOREST DIVISION.
Table V.
PINE TREES STOLEN.
TOTAL NUMBER.
...
10,000
96,665
10,115
50.052
166,832
BLOCK.
TOTAL NUMBER.
A
B
C
D
E
F
Ꮐ
1
Victoria,
...
2
Wongneichong,
11
4
17
12
56
100
3
Shaukiwan,
9
22
17
12
90
4
Tytam,
10
1
11
5
Stanley,
12
9
21
6
Aberdeen,
58 106
6
163
333
7
Pokfulam,
40
Kowloon,
∞ :
8
3
53
299
Total,
907
:
:
:
Sale of Forestry Products,
452
Table VI.
REVENUE FOr 1905.
Sale of Plants,
Loan of Plants,
Forestry Licences in New Territory,
JA
C.
1,779.84
654.75
426.82
607.53
Total,
.$3,468.94
HONGKONG.
No. 20
1906
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
REPORT OF THE INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS, FOR THE YEAR 1905.
STAFF.
1. Appointments.—Mr. WILLIAMS to be Headmaster of the Victoria School, from 1st January, 1905.
1905.
Mrs. WILKINSON to be Headmistress of the Victoria School, from 20th January, 1905..
Mr. MORRIS to be Headmaster of the Saiyingpun School, from 16th June, 1905.
Mrs. DRUMMOND to be 2nd Mistress of the Kowloon School, from 12th December, 1905.
Mr. JEHANGIR KHAN to be Master of the Anglo-Indian School, from 16th December,
2. Resignations. -Mrs. MURRAY, 2nd Mistress of the Kowloon School, from 11th December, 1905.
Mrs. WHITEHEAD, Mistress of the Anglo-Indian School, from 15th December, 1905.
3. Leave. Mrs. TUTCHER, 1st Assistant Mistress of the Belilios Public School, returned from leave on 30th March, 1905.
There have also been several changes in the Chinese staff of the District Schools.
REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
4. Excluding $200 paid by Mr. ARCULLI towards the cost of the Indian School as explained in section 28 below, the Revenue collected by the Department amounts to $9,783.50. Details are given in Table I. A comparative statement of the revenue collected during recent years is given in Table II. It has increased from $922 in 1900, or by more than ten-fold.
5. The expenditure on Education, including Queen's College, for the year was $158,677.58, being 2.28% of the total Expenditure of the Colony. A statement shewing this ratio for recent years is given in Table III. The estimated expenditure was $189,335, of which, $30,657.42 were not spent.
NUMBER AND CLASSIFICATION OF SCHOOLS AND SCHOLARS.
6. Table IV shews the number of schools (Government and Grant) to be 83, an increase of 2 over last year's return. The average attendance was 5,323, as against 4,970. The proportion of pupils in the Upper Grade Schools to those, in Lower Grade Schools is as 3,146 to 2,177. The Chinese Side of the Belilios Public School has for the purposes of this calculation been treated as an Upper Grade School, for reasons given in section 32. Upper Grade Schools are defined in the Grant Code as those with a Staff competent to give instruction in all the subjects of Standard VII, The great majority of them are English or Anglo-Chinese Schools.
7. Table V shews the fluctuations in the average attendance in recent years. The steady increase in the numbers of pupils studying English is maintained. The correspond- ing decrease in Vernacular education has been checked. This is highly satisfactory when the improvement in the standard of the Vernacular Schools is considered. (See section 43 below.) It seems to shew that the improvement in them has the approval of parents.
474
This view is confirmed by the fluctuation in the numbers of the individual schools, as illus- trated by the following figures. Nine Vernacular Schools obtained a Grant of $7 or more in both 1904 and 1905. The sum of the average attendances in these good schools increased from 405 to 451, and the average is now 50 for each school. Seven schools obtained a Grant of only $5 in both 1904 and 1905. The average attendance in them decreased from 161 to 151, and is now 21.6.
8. The figures for the Private Schools were taken in a more systematic way than has hitherto been done: still they are but an approximation. The English and Anglo-Chi- nese Private Schools do not include 36 Night Schools, with a maximum monthly enrol- ment of 635. Of the 3,047 children in Private Vernacular Schools, 500, or one in six, are being taught by the new method; and the rest receive the time-honoured classical education. Table VI shews the proportion of girls to boys in the schools to be as 1,922 is to 3,401, a slight increase as compared with last year. Of the 2,146 pupils in Vernacular Schools, 1,292 or 60 per cent. are girls.
9. The statistics given shew an increase of 7% in the total number of pupils in Governinent and Grant Schools; and the critical portion of this Report will shew that the standard of elucation has been maintained, possibly somewhat improved, in the English and Anglo-Chinese Schools, and has certainly been improved in the Vernacular Schools. The last feature is satisfactory for general reasons, and particularly because Chinese female education is almost entirely limited to education in the Vernacular tongue.
GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.
10. Table I gives details of the nature of, and the attendance at the Government Schools, as compared with 1904. The Victoria British School adds another to the number, bringing it up to twelve. Detailed Reports are given in Appendix A.
11. The total number of pupils in the Government Schools is 782; and the net cost to Government per caput is $46.17. The corresponding figure for last year is $41.22. The increase is mainly due to the heavy initial and non-recurrent expenditure on the Victoria School.
New Schools, and Schools closed.
12. The Vernacular Schools at Tanglungchau and Pokfulam were closed at the begin- ning of the year under review. Their places were taken by the Lower Grade Anglo-Chinese Schools newly opened at Tanglungchau and Aberdeen. (See also section 16.)
Kowloon British School.
13. The School originally was open to boys and girls alike. But it was decided, upon the opening of the complementary Victoria School, to restrict the attendance of big boys. Boys over 12 are no longer allowed admittance. This has had a certain effect on the average attendance; which was nevertheless higher than it has ever yet been, namely, 57.2 for 1995, as compared with 54.8 for 1904, and 46.4 for 1903. The maximum enrolment was 68. Fees amounting to $1,979 were collected, which is also a record.
14. The shifting nature of the population and the consequent difficulty of following a fixed course of instruction are forcibly illustrated by the fact that, although 109 pupils attended the School in the course of the year, the maximum number present in any month was only 68. The average daily percentage of the total monthly enrolment reached the very high figure of 97 in December, and only fell below 90 during a scare about diphtheria.
15. Extracts from the Report of the Headmaster are given in Appendix D. For criti- cisms on the Scripture and Singing, given in the detailed Report on the school in Appendix A, I am indebted to the Rev. C. HICKLING and to Mr. W. G. B. D. FULLER, F.R.C.O., L.R.A.M., respectively.
Victoria British School.
16. The School was opened towards the end of March. Pleasantly situated on Caroline Hill and tastefully equipped, it enjoys the distinction of being perhaps the prettiest school in the Colony.
+
475
―
г.
17. Instruction is given to children under thirteen, of both sexes, and to boys over that age. As is the case at the Kowloon School, the small children greatly predominate. It is too early to say how far it will be possible to give a secondary education to the upper Classes: that depends of course on the average length of the boys' career in the school. Experience at Kowloon seems to shew that a syllabus based on the hope that any considerable proportion of the pupils will stay for more than 3 years, is one based upon sand. There can, however, be no doubt that the school is meeting a genuine need. The numbers on the roll reached 51. by the end of December. Everything is being done that can be done, in the way of classifying the pupils and co-ordinating the school work, to render the instruction in the two British Schools as similar as possible, in order that when pupils are superannuated under the age limit, they may pass into the sister school with the minimum of inconvenience.
i
18. Extracts from the Report of the Headmaster are given in Appendix E.
Belilios Public School, English Side.
19. The average attendance has at last shewn a slight improvement, being 93 as com- pared with 85 last year. But the School tends to become more and more exclusively Anglo-Chinese. There are signs of an increasing desire on the part of Chinese parents to give their daughters an English education, though the feeling is nothing like so strong as it is in the case of their sons. Should this tendency become accentuated, the English Side of the School is capable of rapid development to supply the want; in the meantime, the Chinese Side must be regarded as the main effort of the Government to assist Chinese female education.
20. I take this opportunity of expressing my great regret at the approaching retirement of Mrs. BATEMAN, the Headmistress, who has held her appointment almost from the found- ation of the School.
THE DISTRICT SCHOOLS, UPPER GRADE.
21. An important change has been made in the organization of the schools. They have been made feeders to Queen's College, so far as it lies in the power of any but the boys and their parents to make them. The courses of study have been modified to make them coin- cide as closely as possible with those followed in the Lower and Preparatory Schools of the College, and the nomenclature of the Classes has been altered to the same end: the free entrance scholarships into the College from the 3 District Schools have also been revived. Moreover, it has been arranged that boys applying for admission to the College and failing to pass
the entrance examination, shall be given cards which shall procure them a prior right of admission to the three schools; and that boys so admitted shall after a year or two, on again applying for admission to the College, be given priority over boys who have pre- pared themselves at outside schools. These measures must necessarily produce their effect but slowly. The object to be gained is a concentration in the Upper School at Queen's College of the boys who ask for an education of more than 5 years. Unfortunately, the boys who wish to prolong their education to this extent are a small minority.
22. The Saturday morning Normal Classes have been continued throughout the year. Some of the junior Chinese masters have greatly improved their methods by attending them.
Saiyingpun Anglo-Chinese School.
23. Mr. WILLIAMS having been transferred to the Victoria School at the beginning of the year, and Mr. MORRIS, his successor, not arriving in the Colony until the middle of the year, there was a long interregnum, which acted disastrously on the attendance and general condition of the school. Things have now righted themselves; and there is no reason why it should not prove successful. But it must be remarked that the Western end of the City is very liberally supplied with schools of the same class; so that any startling increase of numbers can hardly be hoped for. The average attendance was only 44, as against 69 in 1904.
24. With the permission of Government, the early hours of instruction followed in the summer were retained through the winter term, to allow of the continuation o series of excursions on which Mr. MORRIS has taken his boys. These include, bes regular
¿
476
bathing trips in summer, visits to most of the principal factories and sights of the Colony, such as the Ice Factory, the Museum, Taitam Reservoir, &c. I have no doubt that such expeditions will prove of a high educational value.
25. Much attention has been paid to Drawing during the past year. It is not in the least surprising to find that Chinese boys, their hands already trained to great dexterity by the use of the writing-brush, prove uncommonly apt pupils when taught in the proper way.
Yaumati School.
26. The school increased in numbers by over 15 per cent. and was practically full throughout the year. The new buildings were ready for occupation at the end of the past year, and are in all respects very satisfactory. The Estimates provided for a considerable increase in the Staff. Owing to the lack of accommodation in the old building it was not possible to fill these new appointments in the year under review: but the Assistant English Master was engaged from Home in time to begin work at the beginning of the new year, bringing the Establishment up to its full strength. It is a reasonably safe prediction to foretell that the school will develop considerably in the next year or two.
Wantsai School.
27. This is the only Government Anglo-Chinese School east of the Clock Tower, except the small school at Tanglungchau. Its advantageous situation combined with a high stand- ard of efficiency promises that its steady growth will be continued. The average attendance. is now 140, as compared with 115 in 1904, and the net cost of each pupil $11.90, a very low figure.
DISTRICT SCHOOLS, LOWER GRADE.
Anglo-Indian School.
28. Mr. ARCULLI continued his subscription of $50 a month towards the expenses of the Indian School for four months, when the increasing numbers justified a removal into leased premises, and a vote was taken for it as a separate establishment from the Belilios Public School. Mrs. WHITEHEAD, who resigned at the close of the year, worked up the school into a very satisfactory condition. The maximum enrolment rose to 44, and shewed a steady increase. An Indian and a Chinese master have since been engaged, and Urdu is now a compulsory subject.
Aberdeen School.
29. The average attendance has been 24, which is satisfactory considering the smallness of the place, and the poverty of the people. The school was opened in the Spring of the
year.
Tanglungchau School.
30. This school, which was started to take the place of a small Vernacular School, has been full throughout the year. It has proved a considerable success, and adds to the evi- dence to prove that a well-trained junior Chinese master can, if he takes pains, teach English to beginners almost as well as an English master. The connection of Tanglungchau with Wantsai has become very close, indeed it may almost be regarded as a preparatory school for the latter.
Ven Long School.
31. The small school fee of 50 cents a month was charged from the beginning of the year. This has not reduced the attendance, which was 18, as against 17 last year. The popularity of the school seems likely to increase. My Report shews that the work done is not in all subjects up to the standard required: but the difficulty of supervision, and the dull nature f the country boys must be considered to some extent as extenuating circum-
stances.
2
477
VERNACULAR SCHOOLS.
Belilios Public School, Vernacular Side.
""
32. Mr. Ho KAN-PO, the former master, retired at the beginning of the year; and in his place I recommended a man of a very much more advanced type in Mr. SUNG HOK-PANG. Had there been a considerable falling off in attendance when the school came under the new control it would not have been surprising; for everyone knows that the relation between pupils and teachers is much closer among the Chinese than with us: the former do not so inuch attend a school as "sit under a teacher. It was the more gratifying to find that no decrease followed, but that, on the contrary, the numbers tended to increase. I therefore felt justified in recommending that the Staff should be doubled-it has hitherto been quite inadequate numerically--and that a small school fee, 25 cents monthly, should be charged in 1906. The latter experiment is a severe test of the interest of parents in their daughters' education; the general opinion seems to have been that parents would not pay for the education of daughters, only to have them pass at an early age into another family. I may perhaps anticipate next year's Report by saying that this view, like many others which are based on the assumed selfishness and benightedness of the Chinese, has already been stulti- fied by the event. My detailed Report shews that the school is giving a much more advanced education than can be had elsewhere in the Vernacular Schools.
33. Sheko Vernacular School continues to be unimportant.
!
GRANT SCHOOLS.
34. A detailed Report on the work done in each Grant School is given in Appendix B. The Annual Grant List shewing the number of Standards, the Attendance and the Grant earned by each school is given in Table VII.
English Schools, Non-Chinese.
35. The average attendance shews a satisfactory increase, from 849 to 924. Two schools— the Italian Convent and the Diocesan School for Boys-obtained the maximum Grant, having been returned as thoroughly efficient two years running.
Anglo-Chinese Schools.
36. Of these, three are in the Upper Grade; but only one, the Ellis Kadoorie School, is of much educational importance. That school has increased its average attendance from 186 in 1904 to 268 in 1905. It has outgrown its present accommodation; which is indeed not very suitable for a school. The authorities are adding largely to the premises; and the Government is pledged to make a Building Grant of $7,000.
37. There are now four Lower Grade Schools of this type, a new one under the London Mission having been added in the course of the year. Even with this addition the increase in numbers has been very slight, from 250 to 258. The one school which was well reported on last year has the whole of the increase. It is with much pleasure that I notice how fast Chinese parents are learning what they are entitled to expect, when they pay for an English education for their sons; and still more is it satisfactory to see that their ideas correspond with my own; for a reduced attendance is a stronger argument than any I can use. Aluctuations in attendance, to which I have just drawn attention in this and the preceding section, shew that the requirements of the Government coincide with the wishes of the persons in whose interests they are made.
The
38. The Lower Grade Anglo-Chinese Schools were not favourably regarded by the Committee on Education, which contemplated their ultimate disappearance from the scheme of Aided Education. The success which has attended the endeavours to improve the teach- ing of the Chinese masters has of late years somewhat modified my own views on the subject; but at any rate, no master can learn how to teach without assistance. It is often asked why the Government does not open a Normal School. The answer is that it has Normal Classes every week at the District Schools, which the Chinese masters from the Grant Schools are invited and advised to attend. They never do; and the consequence is
478
an amazing difference between such schools, for instance, as Grant School No. 15 and the new Lower Grade District School at Tanglungchau. Unless the Lower Grade Anglo- Chinese Schools can serve as models to the numerous private Anglo-Chinese Schools of the Colony, it is hard to see the object of their support by the Government.
Vernacular Schools.
39. Owing to the absence from the Colony of the English Mistress of the Training Home for Girls, the best of the Upper Grade Vernacular Schools has necessarily been classed this year in the Lower Grade. With a high dollar, the loss from the money point of view is not important: indeed, the distinction between the two classes of schools is not so clear in any respect as might be wished. The fact that the three schools in the Upper Grade possess "a Staff competent to give instruction in all the subjects of the Seventh Stan- dard," as required by the Code, has not succeeded in raising their average performance to a very high level. The average attendance was 114, as compared with 148 last year.
40. The Lower Grade Schools shew an increase from 1,692 to 1,829. This increase has already been considered above (section 7) in dealing with the total figures of Vernacular education. Two schools have been closed, and two new ones opened-one at Kowloon City and one at Yaumati.
41. Seeing how much more dependent is the female population than the male upon the Vernacular Schools, it is a matter for sincere regret that the standard of education among the teachers in the schools for girls should be as it is, so very low.
42. Provision was made in the Estimates for 1906 for the appointment of two Sub- Inspectors-one of Needlework and one of the Vernacular Schools. The Officers to whom these appointments have since been given were temporarily appointed in 1905, and I am thus in a position to report on the success of this further measure of supervision. The schools are now visited more frequently than has hitherto been possible; terminal reports are sent to the Managers; and it is now in my power to check the beginnings of irregularities to a degree that was not formerly practicable. In Appendix F is given a short Report by the Sub-Inspector of Needlework.
43. The Grant Gode section 26 is rather vague as to the courses of study of the Vernacular Schools. It was felt at the time the Code was compiled that the change in the methods of instruction was so great, that it would be unwise to attempt to lay down the law too exactly. Meanwhile a number of experiments have been tried, and it is now possible to make more specific recommendations. The course of study and the time-table given in Appendix C are the results of experience; and are now adopted in some of the best Vernacular Schools. It may be advisable at a later date to amend the Code, by making this course, with such modifications as further consideration may suggest, com- pulsory in Vernacular Schools. Meanwhile it is some satisfaction to remember, that so full a course could not have been seriously considered two years ago.
44. There is a natural tendency on the part of such teachers in the Grant Schools as have a direct monetary interest in the amount of the Grant, to permit pupils to attend in excess of the numbers sanctioned by the Code for a given floor-space. As a preventive, it has been laid down that, when checking the rolls each month, all such excessive attendances should be ignored.
GENERAL.
Hygiene.
45. At the beginning of the year, the subject was made compulsory in all Government and Grant Schools. Much interest was taken in it.. I have so lately reported in detail on the year's work, that little is left to add now. Towards the end of the year, proposals were approved by the Government to publish a list of experiments illustrating the authorised text-book, to translate the text-book, or such parts of it as were suitable, into Chinese, and to make the subject compulsory in the higher Standards of the Vernacular Schools.
479
Higher and Technical Education.
46. These subjects were discussed at considerable length; but no definite conclusions had been arrived at by the end of the year. In Hongkong there is one great obstacle in the way of a wide-spread technical education, which is, that the large class of Chinese mechanics, who need it most, pick up their handicrafts on the apprentice system; and they seldom have any but a very elementary education in the Vernacular, on which to found the desired superstructure of advanced mathematics, chemistry or electricity. On the other hand, the classes who attend the Anglo-Chinese Schools do not usually adopt engineering or the allied professions.
Football.
47. A Football League, promoted by Mr. W. H. WILLIAMS, has done much to encourage public feeling in the schools, and a healthy spirit of rivalry between them.
31st March, 1906.
Tables.
EDWARD A. IRVING,
Inspector of Schools.
こ
I. Government Schools: Statistics.
II. Revenue of the Department during recent years.
III. Expenditure of the Department during recent years.
IV. Numbers of Schools and Pupils in Upper and Lower Grades compared.
V. Chart shewing attendances and number of pupils in Hongkong Schools during
recent years.
VI. The proportion of boys to girls in the Schools.
VII. Annual Grant List.
Appendices.
A. Detailed Reports on Government Schools.
B. Detailed Reports on Grant Schools.
C. A Model Course of Instruction for Vernacular Schools, with Time Table.
D. Extract from the Report of the Headmaster, Kowloon School.
E. Extract from the Report of the Headmaster, Victoria School.
F. Report of the Sub-Inspector of Needlework.
DESCRIPTION.
Table I.-GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.-[The figures in Red are those for last year.]
SCHOOL STATISTICS.
- 480
27
206
195
7
~~
210
7
195/
Number of
Number
Standards,
of
No.
Name and Nature.
Classes or
Forms.
School
Days.
201
1. Kowloon British School.-Children of Euro- pean British Parentage. Boys under thirteen and Girls....
2. Victoria British School.-Children of Euro- pean British Parentage. Girls under thirteen and Boys.
3. Belilios Public School.--English and Anglo- Chinese Side. Boys under twelve and Girls.
4. Saiyingpun Anglo-Chinese School (Boys).
6
196
888
Maximum
Monthly
Enrolment.
Average
Attend-
Rate of
Fees.
Gross
Cost.
Fees
Collected.
Net Cost
to Govern-
ment.
each unit in
average
attendance.
ance:
C.
$
66
55
6,855.21
68
57
$2 to $5
1,952.50 7,149.25 1,979.00 5,170.25
4,702.71
.85.50
90.70
and Infant
School.
5
and Infant
School.
158/1/20
48
36
$2 to $5
7,291.59 769.50 6,522.09
181.17
Ditto for
117
85
113
93
10,265.55 1,278.50 8,987.05 50 c. to $1.50 11,008.01 1,248.00 9,760.01
105.73*
104.94
* This figure was incorrectly
. given last year.
111
69
4,927.11
934.00 3,993.11
57.87
61
44
$1 to $2
3,499.37
745.00 2,754.37
62.59
5. Yaumati
Ditto.
6
to to
198
111
85
1921
125
98
$1 to $2
5.159.41 8,119.26 1,832.00
1,219.50 3,939.91 6,287.26
46.08
64.15
6. Wantsai
Ditto.
·
7. Anglo-Indian School (Boys).
10 co
2:50
198
149
115
3,785.67
228
162
140
$1 to $2
4,015.39
1,591.50 2,194.17 2,349.00 1,666.39
- 19.08
11.90
206
3
192
8. Aberdeen Anglo-Chinese School (Boys).
1
170
9. Tanglungchau
Ditto.
1
1751
10. Uen Long
Ditto.
11. Belilios Public School, Vernacular Side,
(Girls).
12. Sheko Vernacular School (Boys).
22
1445
194
It
259
233
7
212
267
34
233
219
ཝཱ ུ ཝཱ ཝཾསྶ ཏྠུ བྷའི
26.
16
300.00
201.50
98.50
6.15
After deducting the contribution
of $200 made by Mr. AucULLI,
44
33
50 c. to $1.50
758.71
485.00
273.71
8.29
32
24
50 cts.
613.32
123.00
490.32
20.43
40°
35
50 cts.
770.00
163.00
607.00
17.37
24.
17
Free
981.70
981.70
57.75
8 months only.
22
18
50 cts.
1,316.95
90.00
1,226.95
68.16
175
Free
1,212,00
1,212.00
6.92
189
Free
1,232.86
1,232.86
6.52
24
19
Free
108.00
108.00
5.63
19
15
Free
108.00
108.00
7.20-
...
861
636
33,394.65 7,177.50 26,217.15
41.22
1,001
782
45,882.71
9,783.50 36,099.21
46.17
1
481
—
Table II.
REVENUE OF THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT,
(SCHOOL FEES) 1900-1905.
Name of School.
1900. 1901.
1902. 1903.
1904.
1905.
$
$ c. $ c. $ c. $ C.
$ c.
Kowloon British School,
Victoria
Belilios Public School, English,
Anglo-Indian
Saiyingpun
Yaumati
Wantsai
Uenlong
Aberdeen
Tanglungchau
""
""
""
$
924.00 1,849.50 1,952.50 1,979.00 769.50
...
9221,132.501,452.50 1,604.00 1,278.50 1,248.00
...
201.50 485.00
934.00 745.00 308.00 | 1,219.50 | 1,832.00 612.00 1,591.50 | 2,349.00
118.50 3.50
587.50
34.00
...
90:00
123.00
163.00
...
922.00 1,132.50 2,532.50 4,961,00 7,177.50 9,783.50
Table III.
PROPORTION OF THE TOTAL EXPENDITURE OF THE
COLONY DEVOTED TO EDUCATION.
(Includes Queen's College.)
Year.
Expenditure
Expenditure on
Per cent.
of the Colony.
Education.
1895
$ 2,972,373
$
60,140
2.05
1896
2,474,910
76.511
3.09
1897
2,641,40
72,984
2.76
1898
2,841,805
72.420
2.54
1899
3,162,792
75.152
2.37
1900
3.628 447
79.994
2.20
1961
4 111,722
86 946
2.11
1:02
5,909.549
92.356
1.56
1903
5.396,669
130,620
2.42
1904
6,531,349
151,589
2 32
1905
6,951,275
158,678
2.28
[
482
Table IV.
TOTAL OF GOVERNMENT AND GRANT SCHOOLS (UPPER AND LOWER GRADES.)
Upper Grade.
Lower Grade.
Total.
Managing Body.
Schools. Pupils. Schools. Pupils. Schools. Pupils.
Queen's College,
1
1,015
...
Education Department,
8
690
4
92
12
12
1,015
Roman Catholic Mission,
9
797
Secular: Ellis Kadoorie School,
1
268
رسم
389
17
782 1,186
1
36
2
304
Church of England,
241
2
241
:
Church Missionary Society,
98
16
550
19
648
...
Berlin Foundling Ilouse, London Missionary Society, Basel Mission, Wesleyan Mision,
American Board Mission, Rhenish Mission,
1
37
1
37
18
655
18
655
4
163
4
163
...
5
160
5
...
160
1
76
1
76
...
1
56
1
56
25
3,146
58
2,177
83
5,323
Number of Scholars (Average Attendance).,
E
Table V.
CHART.
1895. 1896. 1897. 1898. 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905.
PLAGUE
3,200
3,100
3,000
2,900
2,800
2,700
2,600
2,500
2,400
2,300
2,200
2,100
2,000
1,900
1,800
1,700
1,600
1,500
1,400
1,300
1,200
1,100
1,000
900
800
700
600
500
:
PLAGUE
3177
3047
2146
Red Line
Black Line
Government and Aided Schools, English (with Queen's College).
-Government and Aided Schools, Vernacular.
Dotted Red Line Private Schools, English.
Dotted Black Line Private Schools, Vernacular.
1005
:
Boys,
•Girls,
485
Table VI.
PROPORTION OF GIRLS TO BOYS.
A.
In Government Schools, including Queen's College.
In Grant Schools.
Total.
1,458
1,943
3,401
339
1,583
1,922
1,797
3,526
5,323
In Upper Grade Vernacular Schools.
B.
In Lower Grade Vernacular Schools.
Total.
Girls, Boys,
303
989 854
1,292
854
303
1,843
2,146
Origen and trajele
this is copy 2 p.487
DESCRIPTION.
487
Table VII.
ANNUAL GRANT LIST.
SCHOOL STATISTICS.
GRANT.
Principal Grant.
Grant in rid of Rent.
Total.
REMARKS,
No.
Name and Nature.
Mission.
Number of Stoodards, Claxon or Forias.
Number of Maximum
School Monthly
days.
Enrolment.
Average Attendance,
Rato.
£
3. 7.
ENGLISH
SCHOOLS
Upper Grad) (Code Sec. 34 il.)
Non-Chinese.
1
! St. Joseph's College, (
R. C. M.
209
2988
239.75 301- 359
6
3.836
2
Italian Convent, (G.)
204
266
224.67
35% 393
4.194
3.836 4,194
Lan vrah Grant at 306 ~ Threeshly
3
French Consent. (G.)
204
69
52.17
30.
78
835
635
Last year's Grant at 25 –
Victoria English School, (M.) *
219
43
30.82
46
493
168
661
Bridge Street, (G.)
2011
35
24,01
36
3
384
354
Sacred Heart, (G.) *
211
37
25.15
37
**
14 6
402
402
Diocesan Sehol, (6.)
C. of E.
210
38
46.37
69 11 }
742
320
1,02
Do. . (B.)
St. Mary's, (G.) *
232
222
195.03
35
341 6 (
3,561
3.561
Last year's Grant at Sh
R. C. M.
320
80
61.27
25/-
114 8
0
1.220
1.220
First Grant for 18 month
13
St. Francis (M.) *
10
207
36
21.32
30 8
321
324
1,134
923.56
| 15,991
488
16.479
Anglo-Chinese.
10
Cathedral School, (B.)
•
R. C. M.
209
150
11
12
Eili« Kadoorie School, (B.) * Faitlea, (G.)'
Secular.
230
BR4
C. M. S.
206
26
114.22 25/- 267.69 30
20.63
142.15 6 1.523 40110 8 4.283 30 18 10 328
1.523
4.283
323
560
402,34
6.129
6.129
14
15
==|-|·
Lower Grade (Code Sec. 34 i.)
Anglo-Chinese,
C. M. S.
5
2081
212
162.29
..
4
203
36
28.49
4
195
49
34.11
L. M. S.
3
123
48
33.18
345
238.07
No. 113 Hollywood Road, (B.)) West Point, No. 3. Western St., (B.) No«. 61 & 63 Mong Kok Tsui, (B.)** -
1,136
1,136
142
128
270
205
178
383
First year.
1,483
306
1,789
1
VERNACULAR SCHOOLS
Upper Grade (Code Sec. 35 ii.)
17
Berlin Foundling House, (G.)
Ber. M.
268
39
18
Fairlea, (Aì,)**
C. M. S.
226
49
36.81 20/- 41.21
3616
2
3x4
381
:
176
19
Victoria Home & Orflanago. ((7.) ⋅
»
2171
44
33.80
36 31
J 21 376
376
6. 6
#27
327
3
132
113.82
1,087
1037
Lower Grade (Code Sec. 35 1.)
Last year's Grant al 15 -
13
त¤¤¤£AR852208AKAJA¬V*+48449853859864ABBLEGUSELEBEN
Training Home for Girls (G.)
L. M. S.
Italian Convent, (GA *
R. C. M.
Bridges Street. (6.) *
+
225
20
19.73
17K
178
274
86
78,28
548
545
258
78
45.48
318
312
Sacred Heart, (G.)
Holy Infancy, (M.) * Hungbom,,G.)
Yaumati, (47.) *
Shankiwin, (ti.)
Aberdeen, M.) *
266
72
45.04
321
321
"
F
+3
267
64
33.11
372
372 1
Last year's Grant at 20/-
Remrged as thoroughly
efficient" l-i year. Last year'a fitant at $6.
+
267
68
55.73
334
334
4
266
64
43.58
261
261
3
1
274
49
25.92
181
157
Du.
>
266
58
42.25
254
No. 109 Second Street, (B.)
L. M. S.
208
76
6021
491
No. 22 Taipingshan, (6.) *
3
240
39
24.79
149
31
No. 5 Clarence Terrace, {B.).
136
4
ין
233
30
21.15
127
108
No. 380 Queen's Road West, (6.)
215
19
29
21.22
127
112
33
No. 199 Queen's Road East, (G.)
218
H
71
41.78
401
No. 121 Station St. (S.) Yamunati, (B.)*
3
"}]
227
33
23.77
143
33
No. 31 D'Agular Street, (G.) *
219
Wantsar Chapel, (15.)
"
27
19.61
98
136
*582888
44
294
80
501
285
235
239
93
494
Therajky obce: 1 Juri INCHES,
56
199
Last year's Great at 87.
234
East Gram ganda 7
216
79
11
58.11
291
291
37
Hospital Clispel, (B.) *
Last year's tirant at §6.
218
SS
Str
No. 84 Macdonell Road. Yuumuti, (&.)*)
Cloard
"
76
39.28
3.56
356
229
31
#1
15.81
95
90
185
No, 345 Queen's Road West, (B.)
224
Shaukiwan, (B.1
Tangiungein Chapel, (B.) * *
Closed,
No. 201 Aberdeen Street, (G.) Tanghingebủa Clupei, (G,) * * Wsutsai Chapel, (G.)
Bridges Street, ( B.)
··
Shemshitijs, (MA) Maankiwan. (B.) * •
Tokwawan, R.
21
>
"
71
53.97
7
378
176
554
235
70
21.78
311
64
37.
225호
55
41.51
291
291
3
213
J
59
40.20
7
281
160
441
Do.
19
4
2301
44
30,20
6
181
*[
3
210
49
36.40
6
218
218
A. B. M.
227
111
76.48
6
459
439
B. M.
3
2413
85
54.6-1
6
328
398
4
225
49
35.83
6
239
239
2350
47
27.13
7
190
190
Do.
High Street, ( &.) *
240
53
41.22
6
247
217
Tokwawan, iGi.
c. M. s.
2
250
16
9.14
3
46
46
No. 218 Hollywood Road, (B.)
•
4
236
*
73
49,04
294
244
538
Hanghum, 145.) * *
259
20
14.68
XX
72
16)
B.
D....
No. 36 Lyndlaærst Terrace, (Q.) No, ti Haity wood Road, (di.) **
No. 358 Des Vœux Road Wist. (G) Yaumet
Last year's Grant at $5.
4
247
58
40,22
241
200
411
261
27
19,82
99
176
275
Best Grant rermit Prazgul úrané
2495
42
30.81
185
12%
313
Last year's Grant at 85.
2273
33
24.92
174
174
256
11
19.77
119
119
t.
Stana, M
6:
66
No. 12. Poktorka, Rond, G.:
No. 263 Queen's Rond West, (B.) No. 170 Holly wood Rorid. (B.) Na, 13 Peel Street, 4443) * .
No. 82 Queen's Road East, (B.)
No. 17 Elgin Street, 1G.) • •
No. 35 Paringer Street, (G.) *
Kowloon City, ‹ B.) * * *
No. 11 Station Street, Mong Kok Tsui,
B. j • * *
231
Jä
38.23
221
~
249
24
14.75
6
GN
112
201
5 Gram eymena PrIAM630. Ú,ALL,
264
29
23 64
G
142
69
Ziu
233
24
17.38
3
87
"
** Inefficient.”
R. M.
238
92
35.78
390
216
6:6
W. M.
234
40
28.57
5
147
128
271
** Thoroughly efficient,” "The theleut."
"
2241
46
29.02
131
160
291
270
34
27.18
103
120
2:3
230
41.48
207
160
367
•
228
4.1
34.11
203
240
415
C. M. S.
227
36
22.69
Scenlar.
1313
46
86,21
30
2.497 1,828.53
11,130
3,279
14,409
50
Total Number of Schools.
4,768
3,526,52
35,2×0
4,073
39,853
Note.-R. C. M. -. Roman Catholic Mission.
C. of E.
C. M. S.
2
Church of England.
Ber. M.
=
L. M. S.
A. B M.
Church Missionary Sariety,
Berlin Mission.
London Missionary Society, American Board Mission.
R. M. N. == Rhenish Missionary Society.
B. M.
W. M.
==
Basel Mission. Wesleyan Mission.
•
B. - Boys.
G. == Girls,
M.
Mixel.
===
****
School year ends 30; 6/05. Grants (when in sterling) paid at the rate of 1 10).
"
1)
11
31/12 05.
J
"
事多
19
30 6.06.
of 111.
DESCRIPTION.
487
Table VII.
GRANT LIST.
ANNUAL
SCHOOL STATISTICS.
GRANT.
Principal Grant.
Grant in
aid of
Rent.
Total.
REMARKS.
Number of
Number of Maximum
No.
Name and Nature,
Mission.
Standards,
Classes
or Forms.
School Monthly
days. Enrolment.
Average Attendance.
Rate.
£
d.
ENGLISH
SCHOOLS
Upper Grade (Code Sec. 34 ii.)
$
$
69
Non-Chinese.
"
6
>>
866700 co ora ~~
209
288
239.75 30/- 359
2
3,836 |
204
266
224.67
35|- 393
4,194
4,194
204
69
52.17
30/- 78
835
835
3,836
Last year's Grant at 30- "Thoroughly efficient."
Last year's Grant at 25-
219
43
30.82
46
493
168
661
2044
35
24.01
36
384
384
211
37
25.13
37 14
.402
402
210
38
46.37
6911
742
320
1,062
232
222
195.03
35/-
341
6 (
3,561
3,561
Last year's Grant at 30-
Thoroughly efficient."
' 320
80
61.27 25/-
114
1,220
1,220
First Grant for 18 month 4.
207
36
24.32
30
324
324
""
1,134
923.56
15,991
488
16,479
13
B689 A to 10 —
*
*
#
St. Joseph's College, (B.) Italian Convent, (G.) * French Convent, (G.) Victoria English School, (M.) * Bridges Street, (G.) Sacred Heart, (G.) '
R. C. M.
34
"}
Diocesan School, (G.)-
*
C. of E.
Do.
St. Mary's, (G.) St. Francis (M.)
, (B.) **
""
*
R. C. M.
*
10
· 10
!
11
12
༢༢
3
*
Cathedral School, (B.) Ellis Kadoorie School, (B.) * Fairlea, (G.) **.
Anglo-Chinese.
R. C. M.
Secular.
C. M. S.
6
209
150
114.22
230
384
267.69
2061
26
20.63
142, 15
25/-
401
30%- 10 8
10
30
61,523
1,523
4,283
323
4,283
323
560
402.54
6,129
6,129
Lower Grade (Code Sec. 34 i.).
Anglo-Chinese.
1 12A
Į
واراره
Lower Grade (Code Sec. 34 i.),
Anglo-Chinese.
0,129
14
St. Stephen's Anglo-Chinese, No. 232 Hollywood Road, (B.) * *
C. M. S.
5
208
212
162.29 $7
1,136
1,136
15
16
71
No. 113 Hollywood Road, (B.) ** West Point, No. 3 Western St., (B.) * *1 Nos. 61 & 63 Mong Kok Tsui, (B.)***)
203
36
28.49
142
128
270
4
196
49
34.11
205
178
383
L. M. S.
3
123
48
33.18
First year.
་
4
345
258.07
1,483
306
1,789
17
18
19
30 00-1
3
Berlin Foundling House, (G.)
**
Fairlea, (G.)
**
Victoria Home & Orphanage, (G.) * *
VERNACULAR
SCHOOLS
Upper Grade (Code Sec. 35 ii.)
Ber. M.
C. M. S.
5
CO 1O 1O
"
384 Last year's Grant at 15;-
268
226
39
36.81 20/-
36 16
384
49
41.21 17,6
36 1 2
376
376
2175
44
35.80
31
6
327
327
132
113.82
1,087
1,087
Lower Grade (Code Sec. 35 1.)
21
20
20
Training Home for Girls (G.) * *
L. M. S.
Italian Convent, (G.)
*
R. C. M.
22
Bridges Street. (G.) *
*
23.
Sacred Heart, (G.)
24
Holy Infancy, (M.)
25
Hunghom, (G.)
བ བ བ བ མ མ
665454
225
274
258
23
20
19.73
$9
178
178
86
78.28
548
548
78
45.48
318
318
266
72
45.04
321
321
265
64
53.11
372
372
267
68
55.78
334
334
26.
Yanmati. (G.)
266
64
43.58
261
261
27
Shaukiwan, (G.)
274
49
25.92
181
187
Last year's Grant at 20/-
Returned as "thoroughly efficient" last year. Last year's Grant at $6.
Do.
28
Aberdeen, (M.)
*
5
266
58
42.25
234
44
298
29
No. 109 Second Street, (B.)
L. M. S.
4.
208
60 21
421
80
501
30
No. 22 Taipingshan, (G.)
*
3
240
39
24.79
. 149
136
285
31
No. 5 Clarence Terrace, (B.) *
233
80
21.15
127
108
235
"1
32
No. 380 Queen's Road West, (G.)
*
215
29
21.22
127
112
239
33
No. 199 Queen's Road East, (G.)
218
34
No. 121 Station St. (S.) Yaumati, (B.)*|
"
35
No. 31 D'Aguilar Street, (G.)
*
36
Wantsai Chapel, (B.) *
""
37
Hospital Chapel, (B.) *
38
39
No. 84 Macdonal! Rond, Yaumati, (G.)*] Closed.
Go to ex up. Co
227
33
219
216
218
229
40
41
No. 343 Queen's Road West, (B.) * · Shaukiwan, (B.).* *....
224
71
235
"
42
Tanglungebau Chapel, (B.) * *
2251
43
Closed.
44
No. 20A Aberdeen Street, (G.)
3
213
45
Tanglungebau Chapel, (G.)
4
230
AS ON UUNNI
71
41.58
401
93
494
Thoroughly efficient 2 years running.
23.77
27
19.61
79
58.11
76
59.28
15.81
33.97
70
51.78
55
41.51
(GO TO NO to co
737
143
56
199
Last year's Grant at $7.
98
136
234
Kent Grant exceeds Principal Grant.
291
291
Last year's Grant at $6.
356
356
95
90
185
378
176
554
311
64
375
291
291
59
40.20
7
281
160
441
Do.
44
30.20
6
181
181
46
Wantsai Chapel, (G.)
* *
3
210
49
36.40
6
218
218
47
Bridges Street, (B.) *
A. B. M.
4
227
111
76.48
6
459
459
48
Shamshuipo, (M.)
**
B. M.
3
241호
85
54.69
6
328
328
49
Shankiwan, (B.)
**
4
225
49
39.83
6
239
239
>
50
Tokwawan, (B.)
51 | High Street, (G.) * *
**
4
23.5
47
27.13
190
190
Do.
>?
240
53
41.22
6
247
247
42
43
44
Tanglungehau Chapel, (B.) * *
Closed.
No, 20A Aberdeen Street, (G.)
4
225
55
41.51
291
291
45
Tanglungehan Chapel, (G.)
4
46
Wantsai Chapel, (G.)
**
"
47
Bridges Street, (B.)
*
48
Shamshuipo, (M.)
A. B. M.
B. M.
4
IA DO IA Co
213-
59
40.20
230
44
30.20
6
210
49
36.40
227
111
76.48
3
241호
85
54.69
49
Shankiwan, (B.) *
225
49
39.83
50
Tokwawan, (B.)
**
235
47
27.13
""
51
High Street, (G.)
**
6
"1
2401
53
41.22
52
Tokwawan, (G.) `
**
C. M. S.
2
250
16
.9.14
53
No. 218 Hollywood Road, (B.)
4
236
75
49.04
59
54
Hunghom, (G.) **
3
2.59
26
14.68
"
65
No. 36 Lyndhurst Terrace, (G.)
4
247
38
40.22
6
56
No. 6 Hollywood Road, (G.)
261
27
19,82
39
57
No. 358 Des Vœux Road West. (G.)
249
42
30.81
58
Yaumati, (B:) **
227
33
24.92
59
Do..
(G.) * *
256
81
19.77
99
20, and Hollywood kuml,~ (ét.)
***201
35
38,23
57
61
No, 32 Pokfulam Road, (G.) * *
249
24
. 14.75
39
62
Shankiwan, (G.)
**
3
268
29
23 64
63
Stanley, (M.) **
233
24
17.38
39
64
No. 263 Queen's Road West, (B.) *
R. M.
238
92
55.78
65
No. 170 Hollywood Road, (B.)
**
W. M.
234
40
28.57
66
No. 13 Peel Street, (G.)
224
46
29.02
67
No, 82 Queen's Road East, (B.)
**
270
34
27.18
>"
68
No. 17 Elgin Street, (G.)
**
230-
41.48
}
69
No. 35 Pottinger Street, (G.) **
5
228
44-
34.11
10000ONOROÓONONcbook J-10 18 CO 10 CO
281
160
441
Do.
181
181
218
218
459
459
328
328
239
239
190
190
Do.
247
247
46
46
"Inefficient." Cloauro recommended.
294
244
538
88
72
160
Last year's Grant at $5.
241
200
441
99
176
275
Rent Grant exceeds Principal Grant,
185
128
31.3
Last year's Grant at $5.
174
174
119
119
229
243
89
112
201
Rent Grant exceeds Principai Graut.
142
68
210
87
87
390
216
606
66
143
128
271
"Inefficient."
Thoroughly efficient." "Inefficient,
99
55
131
160
291
163
120
283
207
160
367
205
240
445
"
70
Kowloon City, (B.) * **
C. M. S.
3
227
36
22.69
72
No. 11 Station Street, Mong Kok Tsui,
Secular.
3
131
46
36.24
(B.)
***
50
2.597
1,828.53
70
Total Number of Schools.
4,768 3,526,52
11,130
3,279
14,409
35,280
4,073 39,893
Note.-R. C. M.
Rom in Catholic Missiou.
C. of E.
C. M. S.
Ber. M.
L. M. S.
A. B. M.
R. M. S.
Church of England.
Church Missionary Society.
Berlin Mission.
London Missionary Society. American Board Mission. Rhenish Missionary Society.
B. M.
Basel Mission.
W. M.
Wesleyau Missiou.
B.
Boys.
G.
Girls.
M.
Mixed.
School year ends 30 6/05. Grants (when in sterling) paid at the rate of 1/10.
""
19
"
31/12/05.
30 6/06.
"
""
""
"
""
??
of 1/11.
.
489
Appendix A.
DETAILED REPORTS ON GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS.
No. 1.-Kowloon British School.
Staff.-B. JAMES, M.A., Mrs. Main, Mrs. Drummond and Miss Holmes.
Discipline and Organization.-Discipline, very satisfactory. There seems some danger that competitions such as those for the Belilios Medal and for the prize for Scottish History may disorganize the routine school work. As the stay at school of the girls is rarely more than 3 years, it is important that nothing should be allowed to interfere with the regular Course of Study. There is perhaps a tendency to try to teach too many subjects in the junior Classes, with a resultant loss of efficiency. The one hour a week given to French in the Lower School might well be dropped. The Crayon work taught there seems rather a babyish study for these Forms.
INFANT SCHOOL.
More than a third of the pupils are in this Division of the school. They have been under instruction for one year and less.
LOWER SCHOOL.
The Lower School comprises 2 Classes equivalent to Standards I and II of an Elementary School at Home, and numbers more than a quarter of the total enrol- ment. This proportion is constant, and there is all the more necessity to see that the pupils have a thorough grounding. The great majority of them leave the Colony before they have completed four years of education, and when they go to schools at Home, the three Rs. are what they will have to depend on in order that they may take good places.
UPPER SCHOOL.
The Upper School consists of 4 Forms. But the attainments of the girls in the top Form vary considerably, Some of the work done is equivalent to Standard VII 'work.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 230 pupils.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory.
English. Reading.-Good throughout the school. Writing.-The use of exercise books instead of slates has brought about an improvement in the neatness of the writing in the Lower School. I do not admire the model of handwriting adopted, as I said in my last Report. Transcription and dictation are very good.
In the Upper School composition is very good. The correspondence conducted through the agency of the Empire League, combined with judicious teaching, has enabled the girls to attain to a not very common ability to observe and record the results of their observations.
Geography. The subject is taught in an interesting manner. There is a high standard of general knowledge of everyday facts connected with political and cominercial geography..
History.-Forms I, II and III are given a grounding of Ancient History by means of biographies of famous men. The lessons are original and interesting. English History is taught intelligently in Form IV. Some very promising papers were shewn up at examin- ation. In an examination on Scottish History, held by the St. Andrew's Society, and open to the schools of the Colony, all 3 prizes were won by Kowloon School.
This can best be remedied. Mental arithmetic was dis- school-year has resulted
Arithmetic. The Lower School is well up to the mark as regards accuracy and neat- ness; but there is a tendency to make the work too mechanical. by giving more attention to mental work and to simple problems. tinctly poor. In fairness it should be added that a change in the in an attempt to crowd a year's instruction into 7 months.
490-
The Course of Study in the Upper School is not at all extensive, but it is remarkably thorough. Problems involving common sense are very well done.
French. This subject was introduced at the beginning of the year. It is taken in the Lower School for one hour a week only. This is quite useless. The study had better be reserved to the Upper School. There, it has not hitherto been taught in the modern way of teaching languages. This is a pity, as the Headmistress speaks the language fluently. Unless every lesson can be made a colloquial lesson, no real progress can be expected.
Hygiene. The results at examination were not.very satisfactory. Some questions were very well answered: others quite the contrary.
Musical Drill.-Simple exercises based on Ling's System of Swedish Drill have been taught twice weekly, the children taking much pleasure in these lessons. Since these exercises have been taught regularly a marked improvement has taken place in the way that the children hold themselves.
Singing.-Mr. FULLER, F.R.C.O., L.R.A.M., reports on 22nd December, 1905 :-"I have "examined the method of singing taught at Kowloon School, and consider it entirely "satisfactory; I was much pleased at the care evinced both in the teaching and rendering "of what I heard."
Needlework.-The Sub-Inspector of Needlework reports that "(apart from a break-down "in the matter of button holes) a steady improvement is noticeable on comparing the work "of the Lower Classes with that done by the Higher Forms."
Kindergarten. Has been taught to the Infants, and consisted of simple lessons in paper-folding, mat-weaving, card-pricking, embroidery and crayon work. The last subject was also taught to the Lower School.
6-
-
Scripture. The following Report is by the Rev. C. H. HICKLING :-"I examined the Scholars in three sections.
"In Form IV six girls were present. They had a two hours' Paper of questions on the "Fourth Gospel, The Acts of the Apostles (Chapters 1 to 15), and the portions committed "to memory. The results were only moderately good. Had I had this evidence only my report must have been unfavourable. But immediately after the written answers had been "collected, a further test was given viva voce. This was far more satisfactory in every respect. It became evident that questions not directly categorical or couched in unfamiliar "forms, together with the written instead of the spoken mode of answering, accounted for "most of what was disappointing. The reproduction from memory was very good. In "Forms I, II and III eleven girls were present, of whom, I understood, that two only had "had the lessons for the whole year. The examination was oral on the twelve selected portions of the First and Third Gospel, and on the six passages committed to memory. "Here the answers were prompt and clear in diction. Five did excellently well; two over
very good; two moderately good ; and two must be regarded as having failed.
66
"In the Lower School, thirty-four boys and girls presented themselves. During "seven months of actual teaching, they had been taught twenty-seven stories from the Old "and New Testaments; they had also committed to memory two Psalms and learnt to sing "well several Hymns. The questions were distributed over the whole number, but not in "rotation. The answers were prompt, accurate and exhaustive of the History. With very few exceptions, the children had clear views of the narratives, with glimpses of allusions in "other parts of Scripture. Their repetition was accurate. In behavior they had been well "trained."
No. 2.-Victoria British School.
Staff-W. H. WILLIAMS, F.R.G.S., and Mrs. MURRAY.
Discipline and Organization.-The discipline is very good, considering the short time the school has been in existence. The organization of the Infant and Lower Schools seems quite satisfactory. In the Upper School it is quite impossible to express a definite opinion, as the pupils have come into the school at intervals, during the few months that the School has been open; and it cannot be said with any certainty, how far their attainments and weak points are attributable to their former education. I have therefore not attempted to criticise the work done by them at examination in any detail. But without laying the
噤
491
blame on the school, I can say that the pupils are backward in writing and arithmetic; and that these deficiencies will require much attention. The elaborate Course of Study outlined in the Report of the Headmaster, (see Appendix B) must be taken to some extent as an ideal to be pursued, not necessarily in the immediate future.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 182 scholars.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory.
2
INFANT AND LOWER SCHOOLS.
English. Reading.-Very good progress made. Writing.-Great pains are being taken with handwriting.
Geography.-Very well taught.
Arithmetic.-Very good.
Drawiny. Very well taught.
Kindergarten.Good..
Singing. Not very much has been accomplished hitherto.
No. 3.--Belilios Public School, English and Anglo-Chinese Side.
Staff-Mrs. BATEMAN, Mrs. TUTCHER, Miss BATEMAN, and two Junior Assistant Teachers. *
Discipline and Organization.-The Upper School is now divided into four Classes under the two senior mistresses, a very strong Staff for some 35 girls. In the Lower School Miss BATEMAN teaches about 75 girls, with the assistance of the two Junior Assistant Teachers. Discipline is very good in the Upper School, and moderately so in the Lower School where the children should be taught more as Classes and less individually. The Classes in the Lower School seem to be rather too much sub-divided. Class-teaching alone can be looked to, to rid the Chinese girls of some of their shyness and awkwardness.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 582 scholars.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory.
UPPER SCHOOL.
English.-Reading.-Very good. Writing.-Handwriting has improved considerably; and if the girls would only learn to connect their a's with the preceding letters, it would call for little adverse criticism. The work is neat, and the spelling good.
Geography.-Well taught. The sketch maps drawn to illustrate answers are above the average. It is however a common mistake in them that they shew more than is asked for. There is a tendency to quote verbatim from the Reader. Time is wasted by learning statistics which are of little educational value, e.g., the population of towns. It would be sufficient for all practical purposes, if the girls were taught to distinguish the important cities by means of appropriate marks in their sketch-map, classifying them as under and over 100,000 aud 1,000,000.
History. The history studied is well known. Written answers are full and in the main accurate. In this subject also the re is a tendency to give information that is not asked for.
Hygiene. The subject has been taught with great pains, and very satisfactory results. In the Teain examination the school took 5th place out of 10, although there were fewer students to choose from than in any other competing school, and the average age of the girls was lower than in any other school except one.
:
492
Needlework. Very simple work is being taught. Hemming and running are well and neatly done.
Many girls work without using a thimble; this should not be allowed.
Arithmetic.-Good. The work is fully shewn and is on the whole very accurate.
LOWER SCHOOL.
English.-Colloquial. -The course of study might probably be brought more into line with that followed in the Anglo-Chinese boys' schools, with advantage. Pronunciation is very good, but the girls (except a few in the highest Class, and some of those in the low- est), are almost inaudible. Reading.--Good throughout. But I feel sure that better results will be had if regular Readers are used, and I have suggested that this should be done next year. Writing.-Composition is poor. It should be more practised in the lower Classes.
Geography.-Fair.
Needlework.-No sewing is taught, only knitting and crochet.
Arithmetic.-Both mental and written work are well done.
No. 4.-Saiyingpun District School.
Staff.-A. MORRIS and 4 Chinese Assistant Masters.
Discipline and Organization.-The School was left in the control of the Chinese Staff during the first half of the year; and it had fallen considerably from the standard of the District Schools by July, when Mr. MORRIS arrived from England and took charge. It is now again in a very good state, and I confidently expect to see a considerable increase in the numbers in 1906. At the same time it must be remembered that this school differs from those at Yaumati and Wantsai in having in its immediate neighbourhood a good many
others of the same class.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 187 boys.
Apparatus.-Very satisfactory. Mr. MORRIS has obtained from well-known manufac- turing firms in England cases of specimens, which improve the appearance of the School, and which must be of great assistance in teaching. A Museum has also been started..
J
•
English.-Colloquial.-The teaching of this all-important subject in the junior Classes had in the first half of the year sadly deteriorated. A great effort has since been made; but it will be some time before the lea-way can be made up. The senior boys speak very good English. Reading.-Good.. Writing.-Excellent in the Senior Classes. There are 3 boys in Class III, all whom at examination got full marks. They made no grammatical mistakes; their writing was good; and they gave evidence of having a very good vocabu- lary. Idiomatic mistakes were few.
Geography.--The local geography (as well as Colloquial English) has been taught systematically in the best possible way, by the Headınaster regularly taking the boys for walks to different parts of the Island. In this connection it should be mentioned that he has also paid frequent visits with them to the premises of the principal local manufacturers and firms; and in the summer he took them bathing. I can imagine nothing more likely to improve the general education of the boys than this.
Mathematics.-Arithmetic.-The senior boys who must have been very well grounded, obtained, all of them, full marks in a paper which was described by the Headmaster of one of the best schools in the Colony as "intricate and catchy." As in other subjects the lower Classes require much attention in Arithmetic.
Algebra. Very good.
Drawing.-Free-arm drawing and brushwork are taught throughout the School. As I have always hoped would be found the case, the Chinese boys, their hands trained their by familiarity with the writing brush, have shewn a great aptitude for the study; and some of them should before long be able to produce really good work.
493
Hygiene.-The School was unfortunately too small to be able to enter a team. boys competed for the Advanced Course; one of whom took a good place, 13th.
No. 5.-Yaumati District School.
Staff-W. CURWEN and 5 Chinese Assistant Masters.
Discipline and Organization.-Very satisfactory.
Three
Sanitation.This will leave nothing to be desired now that at the beginning of the new year the school moves into the new building.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 120 boys.
Apparatus.-A considerable improvement in the apparatus will be needed, to bring the School into harmony with its new habitation.
English.-Colloquial.-Very good. The system known as "action Grammar" has in Class VII been extended to include the past and future tenses of verbs. The masters of the 2 lowest Classes speak too fast and not distinctly enough. Reading.-Pronunciation in Class VI needs much attention. The reading matter is very well understood.
The boy's are very quick at giving synonyms. Writing.-Handwriting in the lower Classes is not very good. It is too small. Composition is excellent in Class V, and generally good,
Geography.—The local maps are fairly well known in Classes VIII and VII. The senior Chinese Master has taught "Asia" to Class VI in a most skilful manner.
Arithmetic. The work done by the highest Classes at examination was disappointing. One or two boys in the top Class did very badly. In the junior Classes the results are on the contrary very good.
History. The interesting experiment of teaching General History which has been carried on in this School for two years will now, owing to the abolition of the senior Classes, have to be dropped. This is a pity, since owing to the immaturity of the students, no very definite conclusions can hitherto be drawn from the experience. It can only be said that the boys know as much about Marcus Aurelius or Hannibal, as they might other- wise have learned about Boadicea.
.
Hygiene. The subject has been taught with pains, and I regret that the School came out last in the Team examination. I have looked through the examination papers, but I have not found much to lead me to advise a change in the method of teaching the subject. Marks were largely and principally lost through not giving all or nearly all the information required, although what information was given, was on the whole given well. Thus the worst boy in one of his worst answers writes of the uses of cooking:-"Because food has millions of germs in it, and they make us have many diseases, so that we cook our food to destroy all germs and we can escape from diseases.' This is not bad, so far as it goes; but the text-book gives several other reasons, which should have been mentioned also. Many boys having set out to coudenn ended by praising cotton padded clothing.
Chinese. Reading.-The subject matter was well understood.
Composition.-Fair throughout; but good in the highest Class.
No. 6.-Wantsai District School.
Staff YOUNG HEE and 5 Chinese Assistant Masters.
www
Discipline and Organization.-The school, the only one of its kind East of the Clock Tower increases in numbers, and had an average attendance of 140, as against 115 in 1904. The Lower Grade Anglo-Chinese School at Tanglungchau which was opened at the begin- ning of the year has, therefore, done Wantsai School no harm. The discipline continues to be very good. My suggestions made last year under the head of Organization have been attended to.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
13
1
494
"
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 241 boys.
Apparatus. New desks are needed. Some will be obtained in 1906.
English.-Colloquial.-Excellent in the 3 lowest Classes. The highest did well, but
suffer by the comparison.
Reading.-Very good.
Writing. Very good in the lower Classes. Class IV should express them- selves more fully. There is a tendency to drag into the subject set any other subject, however remotely connected, which happens to have been taught to the
writers.
Geography. The upper Classes did rather poorly. The juniors did well, and one of the masters, Mr. KUNG HON, is to be congratulated on the way he has profited by the lessons. on teaching this subject which were given at the Normal Class in 1904.
Arithmetic.-Here again the senior Classes did only fairly, the rest very well.
Hygiene. The subject is well taught. Having regard to the numbers in the School and the average age of the candidates, the School did in comparison with other competing schools slightly better than was to be expected. It took the 4th place.
Chinese. Reading.-Very good in Classes VIII to V: it has been neglected in Class IV. Composition.-Very good except in the two lowest Classes, which did fairly.
No. 7.-Anglo-Indian School.
Staff.-Mrs. C. W. WHITEHEAD.
Discipline and Organization.-Good. Considering that there have been nearly 50 boys on the books, divided into four Standards, great credit is due to the late mistress, who has been single-handed throughout the year.
*-
Sanitation.-The School is somewhat over-crowded, unless the back room is made use of, which is however far too dark to make a convenient school-room.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 40 pupils.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory: but a map of the Island is needed.
English.-Colloquial.-Very good. There is a tendency to allow the boys to answer
in monosyllables.
Reading.-Fair. The explanation of the subject matter was poor.
Writing.-The forination of sentences should be more practised.
Geography.-The map of Victoria was well understood.
Arithmetic.-Good.
No. 8.-Aberdeen Anglo-Chinese School.
Staff-LEE KANG-SHAM.
Discipline and Organization.-This School was opened at the beginning of the year, and has proved successful. The discipline is very good, and the course of study has proved well suited to the requirements of the scholars.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.--Sufficient for 41 pupils.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory.
495
English.-Colloquial.-Good. There seems to be rather too large a proportion of boys at the bottom of the Class, who are regarded as dunces, and intractable. Reading.--Very good. Writing.-Good.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.—Fair.
Geography. The map of the Island has been taught in too much detail, and sufficient consideration has not been paid to the needs of the boys. A brief description of the Gov- ernment of Hongkong should be studied next year.
Arithmetic.-Good. The boys know the first three rules very well.
No. 9.-Tanglungchau Anglo-Chinese School.
Staff-WAN HANG-UN.
Discipline and Organization.-Very good.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 51 pupils.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory.
English-Colloquial.-Very good. The master has entered thoroughly into the spirit of the new method. Reading. Very good. Writing.—Good.
Geography.-Fair.
Arithmetic.-Very good.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Fair.
No. 10.-Uenlong School.
Staff-PUN UE-SAM.
Discipline and Organization.-Good.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory.
English.-Colloquial.-Poor. More attention and time must be paid to this subject.
The master uses Chinese too often in speaking to his pupils.
Reading.-Good.
p
Writing. Very good. Too much time is wasted on grammar.
Geography.-Bad.
Arithmetic.-Good.
Chinese.-Bad. It has not received enough attention, and has practically been treated as an optional subject.
No. 11 Belilios Public School, Vernacular Side.
Staff.--SUNG HOK-PANG, two Assistant Teachers, one Needlework Teacher and two Pupil Teachers.
Discipline and Organization.-The late Headmaster having retired at the beginning of the year, the School was reorganized on a more modern basis. In spite of the weakness of his Staff, (to be reinedied in the present year,) Mr. SUNG, the present Headmaster, has succeeded in bringing about an extraordinary change in the conduct of the School. It
496
speaks volumes that the girls have been induced to sing and recite in public at the prize- giving. I say nothing of the intrinsic merits of these performances, which, however, were as a new development only less interesting than to see old Chinese gentlemen applauding
them.
Judged by itself, the school curriculum might be considered rather too ambitious for the Staff and students, and likely to lead to some diffusion of effort; but I think these risks are cheap to pay for the prospect of bringing Chinese female education in Hongkong upon a plane even distantly approaching that of the Anglo-Chinese Schools for boys. And to do this the first requisite is to stimulate a feeling of legitimate ambition among the girls.
dards.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 291 pupils.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Good. Composition.-Good. Very good in the highest Stan-
Geography.-Good, especially in the lower Standards.
Arithmetic.-Very good considering that only the four rules in their simplest form were taught in 1904.
Needlework.-Only embroidery has been taught hitherto. This is well done on the
whole.
History. An interesting beginning has been made of teaching the history of China's relations with other countries during the last 100 years.
Drawing. The subject has been begun with promising results. A Japanese book of instruction is used, which gives the girls the benefit of European as well as Eastern theory on the subject.
Singing.—One of the senior girls has in 6 months mastered the harmonium: and in two months the whole school has learned to sing a selection of English airs, which are almost immediately recognizable, in unison.
Hygiene. The subject has been taught in the highest Standards, and was thoroughly understood. The facts taught were of course of an elementary nature.
No. 12.-Sheko Vernacular School.
Staff.-TSE KA-HIN.
Discipline and Organization.-Discipline fair. More attention should be paid to the punctual calling of the roll.
Sanitation.-Fair.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 50 pupils.
Apparatus.-Maps are needed.
Chinese-Reading-Fair. Composition.-Fair.
Geography-Poor.
Arithmetic.-Good.
7
497
Appendix B.
DETAILED REPORTS ON GRANT SCHOOLS.
NOTE.-The reports of the schools marked with an asterisk are upon the work of the year ending 30th June.
*No. 1.-St. Joseph's College.
Discipline and Organization.-Good. Standard I has been divided into two Divisions in deference to His Excellency the Governor's advice, given at the last prize-giving, that particular attention should be paid to the beginners. I regret to say that nothing has been done to teach the Chinese boys their own language. Attention was drawn to this point in last year's Report. One boy I questioned, a boy of about fifteen, did not know a single character, not even T. When a Chinese cannot read the simplest letter, notice or name over a shop, he cannot be called properly educated. For this reason I am unable to report that the organization is "thoroughly efficient."
In examination, time is wasted by copying out the questions and ruling unnecessary lines. The boys frequently forget to put their names and school at the top of their papers.
Sanitation.The ventilation of the rooms seems now very satisfactory. Additional doors have been made, so that it is no longer necessary to pass through one room to go. to another.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 522 pupils.
Apparatus.-The maps in some of the rooms need renewing, especially those used by Standard II. Much new apparatus has however been bought recently. Slates should not be used above Standard III.
English. Colloquial. The great majority of the boys are boarders; and they seem to learn to speak English by a natural process. Nevertheless their fluency should not blind the masters to the fact that they constantly employ foreign idioms in their speech, and these continually appear in their compositions even in the highest Standards. Reading--Good. Writing.-A large proportion (17 boys out of 29) of Standard V obtained less than 40 per cent. of marks at examination. It would appear that promotion has been somewhat hurried. Standard VI did better. Their composition was goo on the whole, though the essays were lacking in matter. Half the Standard got half marks or over, and two-thirds over 40 per cent. There are only 3 boys in Standard VII. They did well in grammar, their compositions are not up to the mark.
but
Handwriting deserves more attention. It is not good in the higher Standards. In all English subjects it was noticeable that on the one hand the work was done very neatly and tidily; on the other hand the work of even the best boys in the highest Standards was marred by absurd mistakes in grammar and spelling.
Maja
Geography. In the lower Standards the local geography and the outlines of Asia were well known. Standard V have too long and wide a syllabus, and failed badly at examin- ation in consequence. Standard VI on the contrary did very well. The whole Standard obtained over 40 per cent. of marks and 75 per cent. of the boys got over half marks. Standard VII did well.
History.-Is very well taught. Very intelligent answers were obtained in Standards VI and VII. The papers taken as a whole shew the boys have a real grip of the subject Standard V again did not so well.
Mathematics. The one boy in Standard VII Senior obtained full marks in papers set in arithmetic, geometry and algebra-a remarkable performance. His work shews that the teaching must be excellent. Arithmetic.—Standard I have been doing mental arithmetic daily, with very good results. Standards II to VI were rather disappointing. Common sense does not seem used enough, and very simple problems were found too hard for solution. Standard V were especially weak in the conversion of dollars into sterling and vice versa, in decimals, and in their inability to employ the unitary method in the solution of problems. In Standard VI the work was neat and the methods were in most cases good. But there was a want of accuracy.
{
498
Algebra.-The subject is very well taught. More time might be given to the solution of problems.
Geometry.-Taken by Standard VII Senior and Junior. In the Junior Division the arguments were not written out as if the writers were altogether convinced of their truth.
Drawing.-A new subject. No great advance has been made with it, so far. Excellent materials have been procured; and it may be hoped that St. Joseph's may before many years produce draughtsmen of the quality it once used to do.
Hygiene. Not begun.
*No. 2-Italian Convent.
-
Discipline and Organization.-Discipline is very good. The organization is also very⚫ good in the lower Standards. But it must be borne in mind that a very thorough know- ledge of English is required in teaching the highest Standards.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 430 pupils.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory. Slates should not be used after Standard III.
English.-Colloquial.-Pains should be taken to make English spoken more freely in the Iwoer Standards. Reading. The scholars read audibly and distinctly, and take an in- telligent interest in the subject matter. Writing.-The two highest Standards did poorly in comparison with Standards IV and V, who both did very well.
Geography. A useful manual on the local geography has been published for the use of the lower Standards. But the results shewn at examination were not altogether satis- factory. A good geography reader is used in the higher Standards.
History.-Gill's History if used must be supplemented by a more interesting text book or reader. The one used in Standard III answers the purpose. In Standard VI, I found that the conception of the scholars of the physical and social condition of England at the time of the Conquest (their period) was of the vaguest. Standards V and VII however did very creditable written papers on their periods.
Arithmetic. The subject (both mental and written) is being very well taught in the lower Standards, and the work in the Upper chool is uniformly very good, over 80 % of marks having been gained at examination by the 3 highest Standards.
Hygiene. The manual has been begun with promising results. The upper Standards have been fortunate in getting the Rev. Father DE MARIA to illustrate the lectures by a few simple experiments.
General.--The school may again be classed as "thoroughly efficient."
thoroughly efficient." The weakest point in it is the composition of the 2 highest Standards, where the girls seem hardly up to the requirements of their position. The teaching in these Standards has left something to be desired. I understand that steps are being taken to strengthen them.
* No. 3.-French Convent.
Discipline and Organization.-Greatly improved. The school has now a very good course of instruction. The girls will not speak audibly.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory, except for the noisiness of the surroundings of the Infant Class-room.
girls.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 138 pupils.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory.
English.-Colloquial.-Pains should be taken to correct the speech of the non-English Reading. Very well taught. The 3 Readers used cover a great deal of ground.
499
Writing. Good throughout. Attention must be paid to pronunciation and spelling in Standards III and IV.
Geography.The teaching has been greatly improved, and is now good on the whole.
History. This subject was almost a complete failure at the examination, which may however be partly accounted for by the fact that a new course had been introduced in the last 3 months of the year. While it is not desirable to learn strings of dates, the principal ones must be known. The few answers sent in were carelessly written and expressed.
Arithmetic.-Mental arithmetic and the first four rules have been well taught in the lower school. But the higher Standards did very badly in examination.
Hygiene. A very good beginning has been made in teaching the science of hygiene from the Government Manual, as prescribed by the amended Code,
General. The school has certainly improved considerably during the year.
* No. 4.-Victoria English School.
Discipline and Organization.-The log book is not very well kept. The latest edition of the Code had not been supplied by the Manager. The pupils should not answer all together, but hold up their hands when they wish to do so. Otherwise there is little room for fault finding.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 58 pupils.
Apparatus. Satisfactory. More comfortable desks might gradually be introduced.
English.-Colloquial.-The pupils coming to school with no knowledge of English acquire it very rapidly. Reading.-Good. General readers have been introduced since last year, and they are well understood. In Standard I there is a tendency to read too fast. Writing.-Excellent. It is a pity however that such good work is not shewn up neatly written in ink instead of pencil.
Geography.— Very good in the lower Standards. In Standard IV more modern readers are required, and the subject should be taught in a more interesting way.
History. The new readers used in Standard IV are a great improvement. The subject has been well taught.
Hygiene. Not enough of the prescribed readers had been studied to enable me to form an opinion as to the progress made.
Arithmetic.-Excellent.
Slates should not be used above Standard III.
General. The school is doing very useful work, in spite of a few points in which the letter of the Code has not been observed. Though I am not able to report the School as
'thoroughly efficient ", with a little more pains it should reach that standard next year.
"
No. 5.-Bridges Street.
Discipline and Organization.-Discipline is good, and the children are well mannered. The drill might be improved. In addition to the three Standards there is an Infant School. The syllabus was disfigured by numerous mistakes in English. Since the increase of the Grant under the new Code no fees have been charged, and some of the very poor children. attending receive assistance in the way of clothes, with the result that they are now neatly dressed.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 189 pupils.
Apparatus. Unsatisfactory. The readers condemned last year are still in use. maps are needed. Wall sheets for teaching English should be purchased.
Better
500
English.-Colloquial.-Standard III, very good. Standard II would not reply. A better method of teaching the subject is needed. Reading.-Pronunciation much improved, and the matter well understood. Writing.-Very good.
Geography.-Good on the whole.
Arithmetic.-Very good. It was a pleasure to sec Standard III doing easy problems in decimals, and "proving" their answers.
History.-A few stories out of English history had been learned. I think this subject had better be omitted from the syllabus.
*No. 6.-Sacred Heart.
Discipline and Organization.-Very good. The records are kept most carefully. The scholars should be questioned collectively, and made to reply so that the whole Standard can hear.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 88 pupils.
Apparatus.-Picture sheets are needed, otherwise satisfactory.
English-Colloquial.--The children talked well about the pictures they had studied. The object lessons were less successful. Reading.-The new readers are a great improve- ment; but the reading is poor. The pronunciation is only fair, and the scholars are unwilling to make themselves heard. The subject matter is well understood. Writing.- Fair. The writing is too small, and more attention should be paid to the formation of the letters.
Arithmetic.-Mental.-The multiplication table might have been better known. Written.-Fair. Standard III broke down unaccountably over a sum which they were told to do both by long and by short division. Only one scholar shewed up the same answer to both sums.
History. This subject should be dropped.
*No. 7.-Diocesan School, Girls.
Discipline and Organization.-Good. The scholars answer clearly when spoken to,
and are well-mannered.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 64 pupils.
Apparatus.-History and geography readers are wanted. In the lower Standards not all the children had even general readers.
English.-Writing.-A great improvement has taken place in the neatness of the work shewn up. The result of an examination of Classes IV to VII was very good, except in Class V where, though good work was done, there were many bad mistakes in spelling. Another year it may be hoped that the senior girls will aim at something beyond a mere absence of grammatical mistakes, and endeavour to cultivate a rather more polished and less colloquial style, as well as to think out what they are going to write before beginning, and to arrange the matter in some sort of logical sequence. Reading was rather weak in the two lowest Standards, probably by reason of the shortage of reading-books. Pronun- ciation and enunciation were good.
Geography. The pupils have no books, but are given notes by the teacher. If this practice is followed, the teacher's note-book should be open for inspection. And it also follows that the subject matter of the notes will have to be very carefully selected and prepared. Standards VI and VII did upon the whole a good paper in this subject. Stan- dard V were weak, their sketch maps being very bad. Many of the answers were beside the point. Standard IV shewed an intelligent knowledge.
'
501
History. Is the strongest subject. Some very good papers were sent up. Class V has been working with Classes VI and VII and the same paper was set to all three. But it proved too hard for Class V. The most important mistake made was common to all the papers corrected, i.e., that the Feudal System was an invention of William the Conqueror. Its essential features were not understood.
Hygiene.At the end of the school year a paper was set on the first few chapters of the Government Manual. It is perhaps too early to criticise, but the answers were not at all satisfactory.
Arithmetic.--This subject is so very weak that it seriously reduces the value of the work of the School. An easy exchange problem such as must be done by any one who buys goods in England brought 9 girls out of 11 in the 3 highest Standards hopelessly to grief. I drew attention last year to the weakness of the subject, the syllabus of which should be amended. Standard IV waste, over troy and apothecary's weight, time which might be better used to teach them simple decimal and vulgar fractions. The teaching in the lowest Standards was satisfactory. But I am strongly of opinion that in a country with a decimal coinage it is better to begin with that, rather than with £. s. d.
General. The school has distinctly improved during the year.
No. 8.-Diocesan School, Boys.
Staff.-Headmaster, G. PIERCY, 7 Assistant European masters and mistresses, and 2 Chinese masters.
Discipline and Organization.-Discipline very good. The lower Forms have been re-organized, and there is now a Chinese Side to the Lower School. This is, in my opinion, a great improvement.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 470 pupils.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory.
English, Colloquial.-Further observation has led me to doubt whether the many Chinese day-boys can be left to pick up their knowledge of spoken English, and therefore of Written English, from their English-speaking school-fellows. 1 he subject should next year be taught on the Chinese Side, as it is in the Anglo-Chinese Schools of the Colony. Reading.Good. Writing.-This most important subject needs some attention. The work done at examination was good in Form IV, and fair in the highest Forms. But there was a marked inferiority in the work shewn up by the boys with Chinese names, and some of it was by no means up to the mark. Much of the work was untidy. Attention should be specially paid to this subject in the coming year. Unless the Chinese boys in Form V im- prove greatly in this respect, I fear that in a year or two the highest Forms will of necessity deteriorate.
Geography.-The teaching of this subject continues to be very good. I received most intelligent replies in the lower Forms. Form V had, I should say, more work set before them than they conveniently could digest. Their Syllabus was Asia and Africa, and China in more detail. They did not do well; and a question on the railways of China beat them altogether. Forms VI and VII did well; but the political side of the subject seems to require more attention.
History. The wars of the Roses was the period selected for the two highest Forms. Instead of examining them on that, I set a very general paper on English History, one which seemed to me to call, not for any recent reading up of the subject, but for some un- derstanding of general principles. I received no answers worth speaking of to questions on the effect of the Fall of Constantinople in driving the tide of exploration Westward, and on the reason why the wars of the Roses led to the increased power of the Tudor sovereigns. But the facts and dates taught were well known. While the present method of teaching History prevails in Hongkong, masters will be under a present temptation to teach such facts and those alone, as have a bearing on the passing of Oxford Local examinations ; and the students will still fail to perceive the wood for the trees.
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502
last re-
Mathematics.Arithmetic.-Mental arithmetic, to which I drew attention in my port, has very greatly improved. The work of the lower Forms is very good. In written work the upper Forms also did well. Geometry. The proofs of propositions in Euclid I to III are very well known. But there is still a noticeable lack of practical work; the use of set squares, protractors and compasses would obviate many difficulties which students experi- ence in the fundamental problems in Euclid. Algebra.-The results are not so good; and Form VI are weak throughout. No boy really understood the meaning of the 'root' of an equation. In Form VI and VII Graphis were taken; but the teaching has hardly followed right lines. Students gain a more intelligent understanding of the subject when they have dealt first with easy examples like the graphing of observations on changes of temperature, etc. To begin with graphs by means of functions, is beyond the average boy. The squared paper work was poor, no axes of reference were drawn, and the units of measurement were so badly chosen that the curve was much too small, and useless for reference.
Book-keeping. Satisfactory on the whole. As usual in this subject, ordinary business terms are not properly understood.
Shorthand. The subject is well taught; but as the knowledge attained in 2 years is purely theoretic, I much doubt whether the time is well spent on it.
Latin.-This subject has been begun in the year under review. I have hopes that it may be studied to good purpose, if taught in a practical way. I have given the school authorities my ideas as to how this should be done, and shall watch the experiment with great interest.
Hygiene.-The teaching of the subject is entrusted to a master who is well qualified to undertake it. The lessons have been illustrated suitably by simple experiments. At the competitive examination, the second place fell to one of the students. In the Team com- petition on the Elementary Course, the School took a poor place, 7th out of ten. And I believe that this may have been partly due to the prevailing inability to compose in English. Thus when a boy wrote on the question as to the uses of cooking food "When the person who eat the food is raw", and continued in this strain he naturally got few marks. Never- theless he probably could have given a reasonable reply in his own language. The team received over 55 per cent. of marks, which is in itself not at all bad.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Fair.
General.-In spite of the foregoing criticisms the work and management of the School cannot be considered other than very efficient. This is the second year that it has been so reported.
*No. 9.-St. Mary's.
Discipline and Organization.-This School was put upon the Annual Grant List in 1904, and has not yet earned a Grant. The discipline is not very good, the girls not having been trained to answer audibly when questioned. It is better in the lower Standards and Infant Class. The conclusion I came to was that the school has not at present enough advanced scholars to justify the continuation of Standards VI and VII.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory.
English.-Composition and Grammar are bad, and the work shewn up at examination is very untidy.
Geography.-As judged by the oral part of the examination, the facts taught seem to have been well selected; but a large proportion of Standard IV were absolutely mute. An interesting reader should be used. Gill's Geography is not suited to the purpose. Standard II, which was generally strong, had a very good knowledge of local geography.
History. Here again there was evidence that the subject had been carefully taught. But the written work done by the higher Standards was bad. Standard IV examined orally also failed badly.
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:
503
Arithmetic.—In this as in the other subjects, the work shewn up was very untidy; but except in Standard VI which failed badly, the actual results in the higher Standards were. fair. Standard II did exceedingly well. This is by far the strongest subject.
Kindergarten. Well managed.
Hygiene. A fair beginning has been made.
General.- -Very good work is being done in the Lower School, but Standards IV-VII require much attention.
* No. 10.-Cathedral School.
Discipline and Organization.-The School has somewhat improved during the year, and steps have been taken to remedy the shortcomings specifically mentioned in last year's Report. Much however still remains to be done. My impression is that the European teachers are not sufficiently in touch with what goes on in the lower Standards, which are staffed by Chinese of no great ability. At my last visit I found that the roll was being kept in a very irregular way in the Lower School. There are many faults of teaching in the lower Standards to which I have directed attention many times.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space-Sufficient for 446 pupils.
Apparatus.-Not satisfactory. More wall sheets are required for the lower Standards, as well as proper local maps.
English, Colloquial.-A praiseworthy effort has been made by the Chinese master of Standard III to learn the new method of teaching English. Standard IB also has done fairly. Standard II was by no means good. The Chinese master of Standard 14 seemed unable to understand English when spoken to. The European masters are not English- men. Writing. It is a mistake to make boys do upright copies if they are at the same time taught to write a sloping hand. Composition must continue to be weak until boys speak English better. The compositions in Standard IV should be done in books and be regularly corrected by the master.
Geography.-In Standard III the definitions were taught very well: they were illus- trated by reference to an album of coloured pictures of scenery. Local geography was taught fairly in Standard II.
History.- -The upper Standards have not yet a sufficiently good knowledge of English to be able to derive much benefit from this study.
Arithmetic.—Well taught on the whole. I recommend that the conversion of dollars into taels precede the teaching of English money. The two highest Standards did well.
Arithmetic is the school's strong point, and it compares well with that of other schools of the same class; untidiness is the worst fault.
Algebra.-Algebra is taught in the three highest Standards. It is questionable whether Standards V & IV are ready to begin the study. One boy in Standard VI did very well.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Poor. A Chinese vernacular teacher should
be engaged.
Hygiene. Not begun.
*No. 11.-Ellis Kadoorie School.
Discipline and Organization.-The School has grown so much during the past year that some increase to the European Staff seems required. Many of the Chinese Masters are insufficiently acquainted with modern methods of instruction, but the Headmaster's time is so largely occupied with teaching that he has little left in which to advise and correct them. I do not think the organization is likely to be thoroughly satisfactory until the services of another trained English Master are obtained.
1.
504 -
Discipline on the whole is very good. Work sent up at examination should be done neatly on foolscap paper. The school has made good progress in the year.
Sanitation. Satisfactory. The buildings are not well adapted to accommodate the present large numbers. But there is no danger of insufficient ventilation.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory, except as regards local maps in the lower Classes.
J
English.-Colloquial. A considerable improvement has been made in the lower Classes as compared with last year. But the result is not yet all that can be desired. The boys in the two top Classes speak very well. Reading.-The readers used are suitable. Reading is well taught. Writing.-Class IA & B did compositions which, taking the Class as a whole, were very good. Two of them were excellent. The pupils might however do even better if they would give more attention to the matter: some of them erred on the side of brevity. The composition in Class II was "fair to poor." This is not surprising, remem- bering how badly these boys spoke English last year, (see last Annual Report). Their case is a good instance to shew how difficult it is to learn to write a language without ability to speak it. Composition is on the whole well taught in the lower Classes.
•
Geography. An easy paper on Asia set to the top Classes was well done on the whole, though in a somewhat slovenly and untidy fashion. The art of illustrating answers by sketch maps should be practised. Fuller answers are expected from Classes I & II. Local geography is now taught in the lower Classes. The Chinese masters require assistance in selecting the facts to be taught. For example, in Class VI boys who knew the names of every little promontory around the Island were yet ignorant of the position and uses of Taitam Reservoir.
History. The course laid down by the Committee on History and Geography is being followed. The subject is being taught thoroughly; but unfortunately the text books have been in the hands of the scholars for a month or two only, not sufficiently long to enable me to form a definite opinion as to the rate of progress.
Hygiene. The hygiene manual has been begin, and is being well studied as a reader. The Headmaster has not found it practicable to illustrate the lessons by practical experi- ments; which is a pity.
Chinese.-Is very good throughout the school. A difficult piece of translation from English into Chinese was well done in the top Class.
Arithmetic. In the top Class very good work was done at examination. The second Class on the other hand did not do well. Arithmetic may however be considered to be a strong subject throughout the school. The following two points should be borne in mind (a) answers to money problems should be given up in pounds, shillings and pence, or in dollars and cents, and not in fractions of a pound or dollar; (b) the unitary methods should be more frequently used in the solution of problems.
No. 12.-Fairlea.
Staff-Miss HAZELAND and 2 Chinese Assistants.
Discipline and Organization.-Good:
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 44 pupils.
board.
Apparatus.-Improved, but still requires supplementing. There is only one black-
English.-Colloquial.-Considerably improved; but still not all that could be desired in the lower Standards. Reading.-Very good. Writing.-Great pains are taken with this subject, and the girls write copiously and very correctly, considering the short time they have been studying. Dictation is very good.
Geography. Very well taught to the higher Standards. More attention should be paid to local geography in the lower Standards, as I said last year.
505
History. The progress made by the girls in general medieval history is very satis- factory, and continues to give evidence of careful and intelligent teaching.
Arithmetic. Still a weak subject. The top Standard works very slowly indeed. The syllabus does not seem very well chosen. Too much time is spent on problems involving English money. More use of contracted methods should be made.
Needlework.--Very good. The elder girls do feather-stitch particularly well.
Hygiene.-Very carefully taught.
*No. 13.-St. Francis”.
Discipline and Organization.-The staff was strengthened at the beginning of the year, and is now such as to bring the school under § 34 (ii) of the Code. Discipline is poor. The 'children as a rule reply in monosyllables and are seldom audible. The syllabus does not
appear to be closely followed. There are two Standards and an Infant School.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 147 pupils. Apparatus.-Unsatisfactory readers and
maps.
English.-Reading.-Fair. The Readers used (Christian Brothers') are not suitable.
Writing.-Fair. Grammar and Composition.-Poor. As the scholars do not speak, English at home, colloquial should be carefully taught by means of wall sheets and other wise. At present the object lessons are mainly relied on to teach this subject,-nor were they always very judiciously selected. For instance: Larks. It is not to be wondered that many children thought they were large birds of prey.
Geography.-Fair. Plans of the school-room were well drawn in Standard I.
Arithmetic, Mental.-Fair. Written.-Poor. In Standard I, none of the children could write 100 in figures. In Standard II the work though quick and neat is inaccurate."
No 14-St. Stephen's.
Staff-TANG CHI-KUN and and 5 Assistants.
Discipline and Organization.-Very good. The boys are well mannered. The Time Table and Syllabus give evidence of considerable thought and care. The suggestions made below under Algebra, Euclid and History should be carefully considered.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.--Sufficient for 233 pupils.
Apparatus.-The requirements to which attention was drawn last year have now been made good. Very satisfactory.
English-Colloquial.-In the Standards I and II not so many of the Reading sheets have been learned as there should have been. Not enough stress is laid on making the boys reply in complete sentences. They cannot answer such simple question as "How far have you read?"
Standard III (where good lessons on wall pictures had been given) did much better, and on the whole there is an improve ment. But the masters still lack much of the knowledge of how to teach the subject. Reading.-The method has been improved and the boys did well on the whole. Writing. The composition of sentences is not taught, as it should be, in Standard I. The composition done by the higher Standards was on the whole very creditable, considering the class of the school.
Geography.-Standard IV did considerably better at examination than Standard V, which however did fairly well. In the lower Standards more use should be made of the local geography as a means of encouraging the boys to speak English. The method how- ever shewed great improvement.
506
Arithmetic. Very good in the lowest Standards. More attention should be paid to problems in all Standards.
Algebra and Euclid.-The first 4 rules and the first 10 propositions of Euclid were taught to Standard V. In my opinion it is simple waste of time to give this smattering.
History. From the Norman Period to the House of Tudor is taught. The boys swallow a few facts torn from their context, but are of course quite unable to digest them. To teach the subject in a useful way to boys of Standard Vin such a school would be a very difficult task, and is quite beyond the power of the Staff.
Hygiene. The text book has been conscientiously taught, and the senior boys knew a good deal about the subject. I regret that a team was not entered for the examination in time.
Chinese.-Too many reading books are used in the Standards. It would be better to make a thorough use of one series.
No. 15.—113, Hollywood Road.
Staff-Lo YUEN FONG.
Discipline and Organization.-Discipline, good. The requirements of the Code are now fulfilled. Drill, poor.
Floor Space. -Sufficient for 36 pupils.
Sanitation. The school has been moved into lighter premises, and is clean. The boys have a dirty habit of spitting on the floor, which passes unchecked by the master.
Apparatus.-The deficiencies in the apparatus to which attention was drawn last year, have now been remedied. A map of the Island is needed.
English.-Colloquial.—An honest attempt has been made to employ the "new method" in teaching yet the results are but meagre. The boys are allowed to reply in monosyl- lables. The fact is that the master does not thoroughly understand the system. Reading A praiseworthy attempt has been made to explain to the boys the meaning of what they But the pronunciation is poor, and many mistakes are made. Writing.-Copy books are written neatly. Composition should be practised in every Standard.
read.
Geography.—The map of Hongkong is fairly known; that of the western part of the Canton Province should next be studied.
Arithmetic-The strongest subject. Simple problems are taught with some success. In Standard II, the multiplication table is very well known.
Chinese. The subject was introduced during the current year. There are 2 Classes. Reading and composition are alike fair to p or in the higher, and poor in the lower Class.
No. 16-3, Western Street.
Stiff.-YAM HIN-TAK.
Discipline and Organization.-Discipline is good, but the boys do not always stand up when spoken to. They should use the word "Sir" in addressing the Inspector, or their
The school records are well kept.
master.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 66 pupils.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Apparatus.-The deficiencies to which attention was drawn last year have been supple- mented a map of the Island is needed.
English.-Colloquial.-The master has still much to learn as to the best methods of teaching a language colloquially. He evidently takes pains. Reading.Taught very badly in Standard I. Pronunciation is bad, and the boys have little idea of the meaning of what
4
X
507
they read. This is true, though in a less degree, of the higher Standards. Writing.— Very fair.
Geography. The requirements of the Code in respect of local geography are still carried out in a very half-hearted fashion. The outlines of the World are better taught. It is not necessary to teach the distance in miles between distant places. The unit of measurement should be days or weeks.
Arithmetic. My recommendation, that more attention should be paid to easy problems, has not had much effect.
Chinese. A new subject this year. The results were but poor.
General. The school cannot hope to earn its present Grant again, unless it improves considerably.
No. 17-Berlin Foundling House.
Staff-Miss MATHILDE GROTEFEND and Mrs. LAI WONG SHI.
Discipline and Organization.-The Chinese Staff has been greatly strengthened during the year. Discipline is good: the girls however do not always stand up when addressed, and they seem needlessly nervous. The general conduct of the school has improved con- siderably.
Floor Space-Sufficient for 102 pupils.
Sanitation. Very satisfactory.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory.
Chinese-Reading.-Fair. Composition-Fair. The improvement in the teaching of Chinese is very great. ·
Geography. A great improvement is shewn. As the scholars hardly ever visit distant parts of the City, little is gained by teaching the plan of Victoria in detail. I have re- commended that the children should have their attention systematically directed to the prin- cipal lines of ships, (there is a fine view of the harbour from the school-room windows) and that the journeys of these ships should form the first introduction to the geography of the world. The elements of Physical Geography continue to be well taught.
History. The text book is a little work which purports to give a few of the salient events in the history of the more important nations. It is obvious that the value of the study lies entirely in the teaching. A little useful knowledge has perhaps been absorbed.
Arithmetic.—Mental arithmetic was bad. It should receive much more attention. Written work was much better and was generally good.
Needlework.-The work is very good and of a highly practical nature.
Singing. Singing in unison has been taught with very creditable results, everything considered. Action and kindergarten songs might be introduced with advantage.
No. 18.-Fairlea.
Staff-Miss FLETCHER and 3 Assistant Mistresses.
Discipline and Organization.-Good.
Sanitation.-The arrangement of the desks is not satisfactory. At my last visit the floor was not properly swept.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 136 pupils.
Apparatus.-At least one more blackboard and more maps are needed.
Chinese.-Reading.-Poor. Composition.-Fair.
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508
Geography.-Poor. Standard V, which is taught this subject by the European Teacher, did badly at examination.
Arithmetic.-Good. The work is of rather an elementary nature considering the class of the school.
Needlework. Very good. Standard V do feather-stitch very well.
Singing.-The action singing is very well done.
General. The school should have more European supervision and teaching, or the Grant will have to be reduced.
No. 19.-Victoria Home and Orphanage.
Staff-Miss HOLIS and 2 Assistant Mistresses.
Discipline and Organization.-The European instruction, which brings the school under the Upper Grade Class of Vernacular Schools, does not consist as it should of general supervision of the instruction given, but simply of lessons in drill and singing.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 145 pupils. Apparatus.-More black boards are needed.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Standard V did very well. Composition.-Fair.
Geography. Very bad. In fact, the girls cannot be said to have any knowledge of the subject. With reference to the plan of the school it is desirable to teach the children the names of the places, a view of which the locality commands, i.e., Victoria Peak, Shauki- wan, Blindenheim, etc. This was pointed out at great length last year.
Arithmetic.-Good on the whole. More attention should be paid to problems, and to mental arithmetic. Standard V were particularly weak in the latter.
Needlework.-The average of the work done is very good.
Musical Drill and Singing.-Singing from notes has been taught with very creditable results; as has also musical drill. The difficulties in the way of teaching these subjects to Chinese girls are of course very great, and the results shew that great pains must have been taken.
No. 20.-Training Home for Girls.
Staff-KWAN TSUNG-WO, and 3 Assistant Mistresses.
Discipline and Organization.-Owing to the absence of Miss DAVIES from the Colony, the school cannot be classed this year as an Upper Grade School. Nevertheless the organi- zation is still very good; and the only fault I have to find with the discipline is, that the work seems done in whispers.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 45 pupils.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Distinctly weak in the 2 lowest Standards; elsewhere fair. Writing.Weak in the lowest Standards; good in the higher Standards.
Geography.-The local geography, the world in outline, and Eastern Asia, have been studied to very good purpose.
History. The subject has not been taught effectively.
Arithmetic.-The written work is very well done, and the mental arithmetic is fair.
509
Needlework. Very good. The older girls make their own clothes.
* No. 21.-Italian Convent.
Discipline and Organization.-Very good.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 127 pupils.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory.
Chinese.—Reading.-Very good. Composition.-Fair. Standard IV however should do letter writing.
Geography-Fair. A better syllabus is needed.
Arithmetic.-Fair.
History.—This subject must be taught in Standard VI, if not in Standard V. The necessity of this was pointed out in my circular of last year.
General. Until my standing instructions are carried out in full the school cannot again be classed as "thoroughly efficient."
* No. 22.-Bridges Street.
Discipline and Organization.-The teachers should not interfere in any way with the scholars during examination. The Chinese compositions done at examination showed a re- markable similarity. The drill is not good, and the scholars were almost inaudible. It is disappointing to find that very little attention has been paid to a Circular I issued last year in which I drew attention to a number of weak points in the Vernacular Schools.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space-Sufficient for 91 pupils.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair in upper Standards; poor in the lower Standards. position. Poor.
Com-
Geography.-Fair.
Arithmetic.-Mental.-Poor.
+
Written.-Good, except in Standard V.
General.―Though the School has been given the same Graut as last year, it cannot be again considered to be "thoroughly efficient."
No. 23.-Sacred Heart.
Discipline and Organization.—The discipline is good, more attention should be paid towards making the scholars auswer questions audibly, and in an orderly manner.
Sanitation. Quite satisfactory.
Floor Space-Sufficient for 78 pupils.
Apparatus.-A new map of the World is wanted. Otherwise satisfactory.
Chinese. Reading.-Poor. The teachers should take pains to see that every word is understood, as well as the general sense of the lessons. It is only fair to say that a much higher standard has been expected this year than last. But this is only natural, as the new method of teaching the subject has now been in force for two years. Composition.— Fair. In Standard IV several girls wrote without any reference to the subject set.
;
510
Geography.-Fair. The local maps were well known in Standards I & II; but the higher course of work which was prescribed for Standards III & IV in the course of the year, viz., the Canton Province, the British Colonies in outline, and the names and functions of the principal Colonial Officials were not well known.
Arithmetic.-Written.-Good.
Standard IV did not understand how to convert taels into dollars, as they should under standing instructions. Mental.-Poor in Standard IV, bad in the lower Standards.
General.-Enough attention has not been paid to a Circular based on my last exami- nation and issued in English and Chinese to Managers and Teachers. A. Grant is paid at the same rate as last year, though the school falls somewhat short of the necessary standard. It must not be forgotten that a progressive improvement is required.
No. 24.-Holy Infancy.
Discipline and Organization.-Generally much improved. The girls are remarkable for the way in which they reply to questions, so as to be at once audible. On the other hand, there was a bad instance of copying during examinations. Teachers must under- stand that it is for them to see that this does not occur, by taking precautions on the day of examination, or better still by rigidly setting their faces against it during the year.
Sanitation.-Quite satisfactory.
Floor Space-Sufficient for 92 pupils.
Apparatus.Quite satisfactory.
Chinese. - Reading.-Good, especially in Standards IV & V. Composition.-Fair on the whole. Best in the lower Standards.
Geography.-Good.
Arithmetic. Last year I pointed out to the Manager that short division is not taught. It is necessary again to draw attention to this point. Otherwise there is little to criticise. Mental. Very good. Written.Good.
drill.
* No. 25.-Hunghom.
Discipline and Organization.-Fair. The scholars might still be improved in their
Standard I seems to have been somewhat neglected.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 72 pupils.
Apparatus.-More maps are needed.
Chinese-Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Poor.
Geography.—Fair. Standard V were very weak in their knowledge of the globe.
Arithmetic.-Mental.-Fair. Written.--Fair.
General. The school has somewhat improved.
*No. 26.-Yaumati.
Discipline and Organization.-Fair.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.--Sufficient for 81 pupils.
Apparatus.-A new map of the World, and one of the Canton Province are needed.
Chinese. Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Fair.
511
Geography.-Poor.
Arithmetic.- Mental.-Fair. Written.-Fair.
* No. 27.-Shaukiwan.
Discipline and Organization.—Good.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 118 pupils.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Good. Composition.-Good..
The
Geography.In the map of the Island a number of places are omitted, about which the scholars should know, e.g., Stanley and Wong Ma Kok. result as a whole is good.
Arithmetic.-Mental.-Good. Written.-Very good.
Standard II did very well.
General. Unless a considerable proportion of the scholars reach the higher Standards, the maximum grant cannot be expected next year.
* No. 28.-Aberdeen.
Discipline and Organization.-Discipline fair. Books carefully kept.
Sanitation. The school is clean, but very dark.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 38 pupils.
Apparatus.-No map of the Canton Province.
of the Canton Province. A map of the neighbourhood is needed.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Good.
Geography.-Very good, so far as it went.
Arithmetic.-Mental.—Fair.
Written.-Poor.
* No. 29.-Second Street.
Discipline and Organization.-Fair.
Sanitation.—Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 74 pupils.
Apparatus. Another blackboard required. Otherwise very satisfactory.
Chinese. Reading. Fair. Composition. Fair. Standard IV should do their com- positions in books, which should be submitted to the examiner for inspection.
Geography.-Fair.
Arithmetic.-Mental.-Fair. Written.-Good: except in Standards I & II.
General. A Grant is made at the same rate as last year, although the school does. not quite reach the required standard.
* No. 30.-Taipingshan.
Discipline and Organization.-Books well kept. Discipline is good, but the girls will not speak audibly.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
:
-512
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 39 pupils.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory.
Chinese.Reading and Composition.-Good. But the latter should be regularly practised in Standards I and II.
Geography.-Fair.
Arithmetic.—Mental.—Fair: but very weak in Standard II. Written.—Fair.
* No. 31.-Shektongtsui.
Discipline and Organization.-The roll is not kept strictly in accordance with stand- ing instructions. Drill is fair; but the children do not speak audibly.
Sanitation.-The school is not kept as clean as it might be.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 40 pupils.
Apparatus.A new map of the World is needed.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.--Fair. Standard IV was very weak.
Geography.-Fair.
Arithmetic.-Mental.-Fair. Written.-Poor. Standard IV had not learned how to convert dollars into taels. Standard III did not know the multiplication table.
General.-The Grant should be reduced next year unless some improvement is shewn..
* No. 32.-Shektongtsui.
Discipline and Organization. The books are correctly kept. The drill is bad, and the children will not speak audibly. Discipline has improved since last year.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory. At the time of my last visit the floor might have been
cleaner.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 44 pupils.
Apparatus.—Another blackboard and a map of the World are needed.
Chinese.-Reading.-Bad. Composition.—Bad. Apparently not taught in Standard IV. Geography.-Fair. No general geography is taught in Standard IV.
Arithmetic.—Mental.-Bad. Written.-Bad. Standard IV did not know the multipli-
cation table.
General.-Great improvement will have to be shewn next year, or the Grant should
be reduced.
* No. 33.-Queen's Road East.
Discipline and Organization.-The Headmaster of this school was towards the end of the school year invited to undertake the duties of Sub-Inspector for Vernacular Schools. I have made some allowance for the disorganization consequent on this change. I noticed one instance of copying during examination; and on one occasion the roll was called quarter of an hour late. Otherwise the discipline and drill are excellent.
3
Sanitation.-Satisfactory. The school has been moved to a less noisy situation. A movable glass shutter should be fixed to the sky-light.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 51 pupils.
Apparatus.-Very satisfactory.
513
Chinese.-Reading.-Good. Writing.-Fair.
Geography.-Very good.
Arithmetic.-Mental.Good.
Written.-Good. Figures might be improved.
* No. 34.-Yaumati.
Discipline and Organization.-The discipline is fair, and the new teacher energetic, though wanting in experience. The foreign drill practised is not very successful. There are only three Standards as compared with four last year.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 51 pupils.
Apparatus.-More maps are wanted.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Fair.
Geography.-Poor. There is no map of the Canton Province.
Arithmetic.--Mental.-Poor.
how to form figures.
Written.—Bad. Standard II have not properly learned
General. The school has by no means fulfilled the promise shewn last year.
* No. 35.-D'Aguilar Street.
Discipline and Organization.-Discipline considerably improved. There is not enough class teaching as opposed to individual teaching.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 43 pupils.
Apparatus. A new map of the World is needed, and one of the Canton Province.
Chinese. Reading.-Fair. Composition.--Poor.
Geography.-Bad.
Arithmetic.-Mental.-Bad.
Written.-Poor.
* No. 36.—Wanchai Chapel.
Discipline and Organization.-There are two teachers, but one of them seems to have a very vague idea of the work done in the Standards. The discipline is fair. The roll is not always totalled daily, according to standing instructions. The work of the school is impeded by a number of strangers who are constantly lolling about on couches in the school-room.
Sanitation.-Unsatisfactory. The floor is not kept properly clean.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 96 pupils.
Apparatus. Not enough maps.
Chinese.-Reading.-Good, except in Standard II. Composition.-Good.
Geography.-Poor.
Arithmetic.—Mental.-Fair, except in the higher Standards. Written.-Very bad. Standard IV could not do simple division, nor Standard II subtraction.
*No. 37.-Hospital Chapel.
514
Discipline and Organization.-Discipline poor. When orders are given, it should not be necessary for the pupils to repeat them audibly to each other. They do not always stand up when addressed individually. The existing arrangement under which one master controls boys in two rooms seems to work fairly, but cannot be considered satisfactory. Boys are admitted to Standard III who know no arithmetic. This is a weak point in the organization. The books are very well kept.
Sanitation. The school is very dark on cloudy days. Otherwise satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 71 pupils.
Apparatus.-The map of the Island should be made clearer by distinctive colouring. Chinese-Reading.-Fair. Composition. Poor. It is not taught as it should be in
Standards II and I.
Geography.--Fair. The map of Victoria had not been revised in Standard III as it should have been.
Arithmetic.-Mental.Good.
Written. Very bad. Five boys in Standard III and
the majority of Standard II cannot write the figures correctly.
No. 38.-Yaumati.
Discipline and Organization.-Good. The pupils in the lower Standards especially shewed signs of intelligent teaching, and spoke clearly and audibly.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 37 pupils.
Apparatus.-More maps needed.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Good.
Geography.-Bad in Standards II and III owing to the lack of maps, but very good in Standard I.
Arithmetic.-Mental.—Fair.
Written.-Good.
General. With a little more pains a higher Grant should be obtained next year.
No. 40.-No. 343, Queen's Road West.
Staff.-PUN CHU-tung.
Discipline and Organization.-Discipline, very good. The two lowest Standards need more attention.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 78 pupils.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. The method might be improved. Composition.-Poor. Standard I requires more attention.
Arithmetic. Both mental and written work are very fair, except in Standard I, where notation is very weak.
No. 41.-Shaukiwan.
Staff-The former master died at the beginning of the current year and his place has been taken by KWONG CHU-NAN.
515
Discipline and Organization.-Good.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory. The boys are fortunate in finding a master who provides them with punkabs.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 54 pupils.
Apparatus.-The maps and blackboards need renewing.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition. Poor, especially in the top Standard. Geography.--Poor.
Arithmetic.-Fair, as regards accuracy; but the boys are not practised enough in simple problems.
No. 42.-Tanglunchau Chapel.
Staff-WONG HING-WAN.
Discipline and Organization.-There is too much interference with the children during examination; otherwise good.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 65 pupils.
Apparatus.- Very satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Good. Composition.-Poor. The modernized method of teach- ing the subject must be more strictly followed.
Geography.-Good.
Arithmetic. The mental work is poor, and it should receive more attention. The written work is good throughout.
General.—A Grant is given at the same rate as last year, though the school fell some- what below the required standard.
No. 44.-No. 20-a Aberdeen Street.
Staff-WONG PIK-lin.
Discipline and Organization.-Very good. Only it seems a pity that the 4th Stand- ard should have been given up.
Sanitation. Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 59 pupils.
Apparatus. Satisfactory. More suitable Readers should be selected another year. Chinese.-Reading.-Good. Composition.-Fair, except in Standard I.
Geography.-Very good.
Arithmetic.-Very good in Standard III, but poor in the lower Standards. The work is too slow.
Needlework.-Only 14 hours a week are given to the subject; but the results are not unsatisfactory. The Chinese stitches alone are taught.
General. With only 3 Standards the school cannot be classed as "thoroughly efficient."
No. 45.-Tanglungchau Chapel.
Staff-LI LO-SHI.
516
Discipline and Organization.-Very good.
Sanitation.--Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 45 pupils.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory. New Readers are required in Standards I and II.
Chinese-Reading.-Fair in the higher Standards, but bad in the lower. Composition. -Bad throughout, especially in Standard II.
Geography.-Fair.
Arithmetic.-Mental arithmetic is poor, and evidently no great amount of attention has been paid to it. The written work on the contrary is very good in every Standard.
Needlework.-Good.
No. 46.-Wanchai Chapel, Girls.
Staff-CHAN KWAN-SHI.
Discipline and Organization.-Discipline, poor. The girls do not always stand up when addressed. The Teacher helped some of them during examination.
Sanitation.The floor is not always kept very clean, and the girls are not properly trained to habits of cleanliness.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 81 pupils.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Poor in the lower Standards. Composition.-Very fair. Geography.-Good.
Arithmetic.-Good, both written and mental.
Needlework.-Good.
General. A Grant is given at the same rate as last year, though the school has hardly reached the requisite standard.
*No. 47.-Bridges Street.
Discipline and Organization.-The drill in this school is good; but it cannot be des- cribed as well organized. The only assistants which the teacher has are two boys of 14 years, who were last year in Standard IV. He moreover occasionally leaves the school in their sole charge-inore than one-third of the scholars are in a lower division of Standard I, and seem to have learned very little; and though they swell the Grant they spoil the school.
Sanitation. The building is satisfactory, but is seriously overcrowded at times.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 79 pupils.
Apparatus.-A map of the Canton Province is required.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Poor.
Geography.—Poor.
Arithmetic.-Mental.-Fair. Written.-Fair. Standard IV did not understand the use of the decimal point, nor how to work by short division.
General.―The Grant should be reduced in future unless the staff is strengthened, or Standard I reduced to proper proportions.
}
517
Arithmetic.-Not nearly as gool as it was last year.
Needlework.-Poor.
Mental work was poor.
No. 60.-232, Hollywood Road.
Staff-Lo CHAN-SHI and 1 Assistant Teacher.
Discipline and Organization.-Good. Replies in Class are almost inaudible.
Sanitation.-Very good.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 62 pupils.
Apparatus.-More local maps and a map of China are wanted, otherwise good.
Chinese. Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Fair.
Geography.-Poor. The highest Standard have done very badly. Arithmetic-Both mental and written work are bad throughout.
Needlework.-Good. Useful work is being done.
No. 61.-22 Pokfulam Road.
Staff-CHAN YUEN-SHI.
Discipline and Organization.-Good.
Sanitation.--Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 39 pupils.
Apparatus. Another blackboard and a map of the Island are needed.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Good.
Geography.—Poor. Very little work seems to have been got through in the year.
Arithmetic. Still a very weak subject, and it is discouraging to note that the lowest Standards are relatively the weakest.
Needlework.-Fair. Some new stitches should be taught to the elder girls.
General. A Grant is made at the same rate as last year, although the school barelv reaches the required standard.
No. 62.-Shaukiwan.
Staff-TAM WONG-SHI.
Discipline and Organization.—Good.
Sanitarion.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 41 pupils.
Apparatus.-Another blackboard and a map of the neighbourhood of School are
wanted.
Chinese.-Reading.-Poor. Composition.-Fair. Colloquial characters should not be used in composition.
Geography.-Fair.
Arithmetic.-Good.
.
518
---
No. 63.-Stanley.
Staff-TAM YUK-CHAN.
Discipline and Organization.-On a surprise visit both the teachers were absent from the Class-room and no work had been given the children.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 89 pupils.
Apparatus.-Unsatisfactory. Still no local maps.
Chinese. The teacher has again apparently taken pains: but the results are poor. Geography-Poor.
Arithmetic. Fair.
General. In view of the failure of the management to supply the necessary maps, and of the general weakness of the school I must report it as "inefficient."
No. 64.-263, Queen's Road West.
Staff-NG TAK-MUN.
Discipline and Organization. -Very good. But if the Chinese Classics must be learned parrot-fashion in the lower Standards to please the parents, that should be done out of Code
hours.
Sanitation.- Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 62 pupils.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory.
Chinese.― Reading.-Good. Composition.-Good. Geography.—Good.
Arithmetic. The written work is very well done. Mental arithmetic is fair; but weak in the highest Standard.
General. The school is "thoroughly efficient", within the meaning of section 36 of the Code.
No. 65.-170, Hollywood Road..
Staff.-WONG PAK-MO.
Discipline and Organization.-Unsatisfactory.
Sanitation.-Unsatisfactory. The room is not kept clean.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 50 pupils.
Apparatus. More local maps are needed.
Chinese.-Reading.-Poor in the higher Standards. Composition.-Fair.
Geography. Very bad.
Arithmetic. Very bad.
General. This school has made no progress during the year, and the teacher seems to take very little notice of my suggestions. I report it as being "inefficient" within the meaning of section 29 of the Code.
519
No. 66.-13, Peel Street.
Staff-CHEANG OI-KU.
"
Discipline and Organization.—This school was substituted for one that was closed last year on my advice. The discipline is bad. Children attend the school, and are put on the roll, to whom the school work is confessedly not taught. A proportionate reduction has for this reason been made in the average attendance. The syllabus is disregarded.
Sanitation.The room is very dark, and not kept very clean.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 30 pupils.
Apparatus.-Another blackboard and more local maps are wanted.
Chinese. Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Fair.
Geography.-Fair.
Arithmetic.-Good in written work; mental work fair.
Needlework.-Fair. Most of the girls confine themselves to crochet.
No. 67.-82, Queen's Road East.
Staff-LI HON-FAN.
Discipline and Organization.-Several irregularities in the conduct of the school came to light in the course of the year.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.--Sufficient for 32 scholars.
Apparatus. Satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair.
characters are badly formed.
Geography.-Fair.
Composition. Poor. The writing is untidy, and the
Composition.-Poor.
Arithmetic. Good in the lower Standards, both in mental and written work. The top boys are suffering from a defective grounding
No. 68.-17, Elgin Street.
Staff. —LAU SHAM-KU and 1 Assistant Teacher.
Discipline and Organization.--Poor. The school is noisy, and the Teacher sometimes absents herself during school hours without giving notice. Children who are not pupils should not be allowed to attend the school.
Sanitation.-Unsatisfactory. There are a number of cubicles in the school-room, the occupants of which stroll in and out and greatly impede the work.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 42 scholars.
Apparatus.-The readers used are too easy.
Chinese.- Reading.-Poor. It would be fair, but for the extreme weakness of the lowest Standard. Composition.-Bad throughout.
Geography.-Fair, except in the lower Standards.
Arithmetic. Both mental and written work are fair.
Needlework.Good.
2
No. 69.-Pottinger Street.
520
Staff-CHAU WAN-SHI and 1 Assistant Teacher.
Discipline and Organization.-Fair.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 42 pupils.
Apparatus.-More maps and another blackboard are needed. The Teacher makes use of an extraordinary substitute for chalk.
Chinese.-Reading.-Poor. Composition.-Poor.
Geography.-Fair.
Arithmetic.-Bad in the higher Standards; elsewhere fair.
Needlework. Very good.
P
General. A Grant is given at the same rate as last better to earn this Grant next year.
year.
The school will have to do
1
521
No. 48.-Shamshuipo.
Staff-CHAN KING-YAN and 1 Assistant Teacher.
Discipline and Organization.-The staff has been strengthened by the addition of a woman teacher, as recommended in ny last Report. The discipline is much improved. Nearly all the scholars are in the two lowest Standards.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 139 pupils.
Apparatus. Satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.—Fair.
Geography.Good.
Arithmetic.-Good, especially that done by the girls.
Needlework.-Not taken. It certainly should be taught to the girls next year.
General. Next year, with more scholars in the higher Standards, the school should earn a larger Grant.
No. 49.-Shaukiwan.
Staff.-CHEANG TAK-HANG.
Discipline and Organization.-Very good.
Sanitation.-Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 87 pupils.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Poor. Composition.- Poor.
Geography.-Good in the lower Standards. I have explained to the master how he should take advantage of the situation of the school to draw the attention of the boys to the movements of the mail steamers, and to use them as a means of making the geography of the world more intelligible.
Arithmetic.-Backward in the lower Standards.
General. This school should qualify for a higher Grant next year.
No. 50-Tokwawan.
Staff-CHAN WING-WO.
Discipline and Organization.-Very good.
Sanitation. Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 127 pupils.
Apparatus. Very satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Fair. Standard II is weaker than the rest.
Geography.Taken in a very intelligent and interesting manner. I was pleased to see that the meaning of the typhoon signals is taught. The titles and functions of the chief officials in Hongkong were well known on the occasion of my last visit.
Arithmetic. The lowest Standard do rather badly: the rest well, in mental and written work. Another year rather more work should be expected of them.
t
522
General. I report that the school is "thoroughly efficient."
No. 51.-West Point.
Staff-CHAU SHING-CHING and CHAU FOOK-KUE.
Discipline and Organization.-Greatly improved. The requirements of the Code are now carried out. I regret to say I again noticed some unfairness at examination.
Sanitation. Much improved, and now very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 167 pupils.
Apparatus.-Considerably increased since last year. The following articles are still needed, a coloured map of the Island, a sheet of flags, a large map of China and another blackboard.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Poor, especially in the two lowest Standards.
Geography.Good. The subject was well taught especially in the upper Standards.
History. The history of the last hundred years has been taught as an experiment, and with considerable success.
Arithmetic. A very weak subject. No written work is done in Standard I. The rest of the girls are only acquainted with the 4 simple rules. Standard VI were beginning vulgar fractions at the close of the school year. Mental arithmetic is not taught.
Needlework.-Good. The work taught is well suited to the capacity of the girls.
General. At present rate of progress the school should soon do much better.
No. 52.-Tokwawan.
Staff-CHUNG KWOK-SHI.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 66 pupils.
"Inefficient" last year.
Discipline and Organization.-This school was reported as In compliance with Section 29, (2) of the Code it was visited, after notice had been given, in the last month of the school year. The average attendance is only 10. There is a com- paratively well equipped school of the same class within a few hundred yards. The eye- sight of the teacher seems very defective, and she is obviously unfit for her duties. The deficiencies in apparatus, to which attention was drawn last year, have only very partially been made good; and what has been done in this direction was only done late in the school
year.
Chinese.-Reading.-Bad. Composition.—Fair.
Geography.-Poor.
Arithmetic.-Poor.
Needlework. Very poor.
Grant.-As the inefficiency of the school is due to the infirmity of the teacher rather than to any want of will on her part, a Grant is allowed under Section 30 of the Code. At the same time the school is again reported to be "Inefficient" under Section 29, on the grounds that it is unnecessary and the teaching unsatisfactory, and it is struck off the Annual Grant List.
No. 53-218, Hollywood Road.
Staff.-SHUM KWAN-HING and I Assistant Teacher.
Discipline and Organization.-Good.
523
Sanitation.-Good.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 66 pupils.
Apparatus.-The map of the World is hardly legible, and there is no map of China. Otherwise good.
Chinese. Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Fair.
Geography.-The lower Standards did fairly; the upper Standards are very weak.
Arithmetic. Both mental and written work are good so far as they go, but the Sylla- bus is rather unambitious.
No. 54.-Hunghom.
Staff-MOK LEUNG-SHI.
Discipline and Organization.-Fair.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 40 pupils.
Apparatus. Another blackboard required.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.-Poor.
Geography.-Good.
Arithmetic. Considerably improved. Mental arithmetic is good except in Standard II.
Needlework.-Fair.
No. 55.-36, Lyndhurst Terrace.
Staff.-LEUNG CHAN-SHI and I Assistant Teacher.
Discipline and Organization.-The Teacher committed the mistake of prompting the children during examination; otherwise the discipline would have passed for good.
Sanitation.- Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 49 pupils.
Apparatus. Satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Poor. Composition.-Poor.
Geography.-Very good in Standard IV, but bad in the lower Standards.
Arithmetic. Both mental and written work are on the whole good in all Standard except the lowest. More attention should be paid to the working of simple problems.
Needlework. Very good.
No. 56.-6, Hollywood Road.
Staff-PUN LAIKUM.
Discipline and Organization.—Not altogether satisfactory.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 32 pupils.
Apparatus.-Satisfactory.
Chinese.-Reading.-Bad. Composition.-Entirely neglected.
3
·A·
}
524
Geography.—Fair.
Arithmetic. Written work is poor in the two lowest Standards, but better in Standard III. Mental arithmetic is poor throughout.
Fair.
Needlework.-Fair.
No. 57.-358, Praya West.
Staff-CHUI CHAN-SHI.
Discipline and Organization.—Good.
Sanitation.-Very good.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 49 pupils.
Apparatus.-Another blackboard and a map of the Island are needed.
Chinese.-Reading.-Poor, especially in the two lowest Standards. Composition.-
Geography.-Poor; better in the higher Standards.
Arithmetic.-Fair; except the written work in the two lowest Standards, which was bad.
Needlework.-Fair. Only two stitches are taught.
No. 58.—58, Mong Kok Street, Yaumati.
Staff.-WONG SHUN-KIN.
Discipline and Organization.-Drill is very good. The Teacher must learn not to interfere with his boys during examination. The roll is not totalled daily.
Sanitation. Very satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 59 pupils.
Apparatus.-More local maps are needed.
Chinese. Reading.-Not altogether satisfactory. Better results would probably have been obtained if the master had stuck to the authorised text books in Code hours. Composition.-Good, especially the letter-writing in Standard III.
Geography.-What was taught was taught very well: but the requirements of the Department have not been sufficiently studied.
Arithmetic. More attention should be paid to mental work. The written work was very good.
General. A Grant is given at the same rate as last year: the school barely reached the requisite standard, and it should do better next year with a little pains.
No. 59.-13, Station Street, Yaumati.
Staff-Ho LI-SII.
Discipline and Organization.-Good.
Sanitation.-Satisfactory.
Floor Space.-Sufficient for 64 pupils.
Apparatus.-More maps and another blackboard are needed.
Chinese.-Reading.-Fair. Composition.—Good.
Geography.-Fair.
525
Appendix C.
MODEL COURSE OF INSTRUCTION FOR VERNACULAR SCHOOLS.
I.
CHINESE.
The National Reader is the text book recommended, one volume for each of the first 6 Standards. A great deal of time is left to the discretion of the teacher. Composition should be practised in every Standard. Letter-writing should be begun in Standard IV. Mencius should be read in Standard VII.
II.
GEOGRAPHY.
STANDARD IA.
(Six months' work.)
To understand a plan of the immediate neighbourhood of the School.
A.-Recapitulate.
STANDARD IB.
(Six months' work.)
B. To understand a map of either the City of Victoria or Kowloon, as
may be required by the circumstances of the School.
[Note.-Attention need not be drawn to places, the names of which are unfamiliar to
the majority of the pupils.]
STANDARD II.
A. Recapitulate.
B. To recognize the flags of the following countries :-England, France, Germany, Russia, Austria, Italy, Holland, Portugal, United States, China, and Japan; and to know where these places are on the inap.
[Note.-Attention should be drawn as far as possible to the ships in the harbour flying
these flags.]
C. To understand a map of the Island of Hongkong.
STANDARD III.
A.-Recapitulate the work of Standard II.
B.-To know the correct titles in Chinese, and the chief functions of:-
(a) His Excellency the Governor.
(b) The Honourable the Colonial Secretary.
(c) His 'Honour the Chief Justice.
(d) The Honourable the Colonial Treasurer.
(e) The Honourable the Registrar General.
(f) The Honourable the Director of Public Works.
(g) The Postmaster General.
(h) The Police Magistrate. (2) The Inspector of Schools.
(i) The Sanitary Board.
---
the pupils.
526
C.-The Canton Province, with special regard to the ancestral homes of
STANDARD IV.
A.-Recapitulate the work of Standard III.
B.-The Chinese Empire, with special reference to (a) the imports and exports of Canton and their destinations; (b) the Treaty Ports; and (c) the railways and principal water-ways.
C.-The World. To be dealt with by tracing the P. & O., Canadian Pa- cific and Siberian routes to England, with instruction on the nationalities and leading cha- racteristics of the countries en route.
STANDARD V.
A.-Asia, with special reference to Japan, Corea, China, Annam, the Phi-
lippines, Straits Settlements, Burma, India, Ceylon and Tibet.
B.-Phenomena of Day and Night and the Seasons.
and Russia.
STANDARD VI.
A.-Europe, with special reference to England, France, Germany, Italy
B.-Phenomena of Land and Sea Breezes.
STANDARD VII.
A.-The British Colonies.
B. The United States.
C.-Phenomena of Tides and Monsoons.
III.
ARITHMETIC.
(Boys.)
Standard
IA.-Numeration to thousands.
II.
IB.-Addition and Subtraction.
Multiplication including multiplication tables.
III. -Division-long and short. Problems.
IV.
-Chinese money. Addition and Subtraction of Decimals. Problems.
Addition and Subtraction of Fractions.
Multiplication and Division of Decimals. Problems.
V.
VI.
Multiplication and Division of Fractions.
Simple Proportion.
VII.
Simple Interest and Compound Proportion.
•
L
527
(GIRLS.)
Standard
""
IA. Numeration to hundreds.
IB.-Numeration to thousands and Addition.
Subtraction and multiplication tables.
-Multiplication and Problems.
Division and Problems.
""
II.
gar Ma
III.
""
IV.
""
V.
-Chinese money. Decimals.
""
VI.
Simple Proportion.
11
VII.
Simple Interest.
[Note.-Every Arithmetic lesson should be preceded by 5 minutes mental Arithmetic.]
IV.
NEEDLEWORK.
Standard I.
- Hemming.
""
II.
"
III.
VI.
Seaming and Running.
Cross-stitch in wool on canvas.
Darning, Crochet and Knitting.
V. -Buttonholes, Patching and Mending.
11
VI. VII.
}
-Silk embroidery, and to cut out and make a child's costume.
"
V.
HYGIENE.
The Government text-book (which will be published shortly) should be gone through in Standard IV, and again in more detail in Standard V. In Standards VI and VII it will be sufficient to recapitulate and see that what has been learned is not forgotten.
VI.
HISTORY.
Until a better text-book is published, the National History Reader is recommended, but the opinions therein expressed on modern events in China require some modification. The latter half of the book (on the History of China during the last 100 years) should be taken in Standard VI, and the first half (on Ancient History) in Standard VII.
TIME TABLE.
HOURS A WEEK.
SUBJECT.
STANDARDS I, II & III.
STANDARDS IV & V.
STANDARDS VI & VII.
Boys. GIRLS.
Boys. GIRLS.
Boys.
GIRLS.
Chinese, Geography, Arithmetic, Needlework, Hygiene, History,
...
Total Hours weekly,
12
9
12
3
3
3
9
6
6
6
...
3
1
3
3
...
24
24
24
24
24
24
30 4 C co
9
11
3
3
HAHA
13
6
∞ CO + + –
8
3
528
Appendix D.
EXTRACT FROM THE REPORT OF THE HEADMASTER,
KOWLOON SCHOOL.
The Prize Day.-The School prizes were given away by H.E. the Governor on Empire Day. This day was, as has been the custom since the foundation of the school, loyally celebrated, but in 1905 it was endowed with added distinction and meaning for British children by the fact that the Empire Day Address was delivered for the first time by His Majesty's direct representative. A few days later His Excellency invited the pupils and staff of the school to a garden party at Mountain Lodge-a compliment that was equally appreciated by the staff, the pupils and the parents of the pupils.
Changes. The following changes were introduced in the course of 1905 :-Boys over. 12 years of age were ordered to discontinue attendance; French and Hygiene were introduced as school subjects: the services of the Drill Instructor were dispensed with. Mrs. DRUMMOND received, in December, the temporary appointment of Second Mistress during the absence of Mrs. MURRAY. The beginning of the school year was also changed from Easter to January, as experience has shewn us that more new pupils join in January than at any time.
Premises.-The school buildings and furniture are in excellent condition, and visitors are continually remarking on the brightness of the appearance of the various class-rooms. In the course of the Summer Holidays the entire school-inside and outside-was painted and colour-washed by the P. W. D. and all furniture, doors, windows, &c., were put into perfect repair.
Discipline. The discipline of the School continues to be excellent.
Games. We are still at a disadvantage, compared with other schools, in that we have no play-ground or covered play-shed. We have been granted the use of the wood behind the school, but what is played of cricket and football has to be played in the road outside.
Health. The health of the school during 1905 was, for white children in the Tropics, as good as one could reasonably expect. The drainage and sanitary arrangements of the school were, during the year, periodically inspected by Dr. MCFARLANE.
1
· 529
Appendix E.
EXTRACT FROM THE REPORT OF THE HEADMASTER,
VICTORIA SCHOOL.
By Government Notification No. 74 of the 3rd of February, 1905, the Victoria School was opened at Tanglunchau on Monday, the 20th March, 1905, to children of European parents, boys and girls being admitted with this restriction, that girls over 12 years of age are not to be admitted or allowed to remain at the School.
Classification. The school is divided into an Infant, a Lower and an Upper School. Pupils are transferred to the Upper School on attaining the standard of knowledge equiva- lent to the 5th Standard of a Public Elementary School in England.
Curriculum.-Upper School. The course of instruction provides for a thorough modern and general education and includes Mathematics, Physical and Commercial Geo- graphy, Constitutional History, English Grammar, Essays and Literature, Hygiene, the Local Industries, Freearm Drawing,* Elementary Applied Mechanics, Pitman's Shorthand,* Geometrical Drawing.* Lower School. Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, Geography, English Grammar, Word-building, Composition, Freearm Drawing, Clay Modelling, Object Lessons, Singing, Sewing. Infant School.-Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, Singing, Drawing, Kindergarten, Sewing.†
In all classes the first half-hour each morning is given to Biblical Instruction.
Attendance.—17 pupils were admitted in March; in July there were 33, and at the Inspection in December there were 51 on the Admission Register. During the year 2 pupils left the Colony. There are now 13 pupils in the Upper School-2 girls and 11 boys, the average age of the latter being 13 years.
While the average attendance has thus practically trebled, the pupils themselves have attended school regularly, having put in at least 95% of the total number of attendances possible.
As the school year for 1905 included seven working months only, I have not recom- mended any examination in Religious Instruction for 1905, for the reason that all the pupils were re-classified at Midsummer and 18 new pupils have been admitted since Sept- ember. An examination would thus serve no useful purpose, as the syllabus of instruction has to be modified and half the pupils have not received six months' instruction.
This being the first school year, continuity of instruction has been necessarily difficult; the progress made and the standard of attainment in any subject do not justify any special rewards for proficiency; accordingly I do not recommend the giving of Prizes by the Government in any subject for the year 1905.
League of the Empire.-On Empire Day, May 24th, 1905, the children assembled at school in the morning, an address was given by the Headmaster reviewing the chief events during the Life and Reign of Queen VICTORIA, the National Anthem was sung and a Holiday given for the rest of the day.
It is intended to celebrate Empire Day 1906 by carrying out Lord MEATH'S suggested programme for Empire Day celebrations, and the Victoria School will join the Kowloon School.
Nelson's Day.-The Upper School received special lessons upon the Growth of the Empire during the 18th and 19th centuries including biographies of Napoleon, Wellington,
and Nelson.
During the holidays the Upper School pupils contributed essays for the Lord MEATH Empire Day Essays Competition, 1906; five of these essays were authorized by the In- spector of Schools for despatch to the Federal Council. The results of this competition will be duly announced.
Athletics. In response to a letter which I sent to parents, subscriptions were sent to the School Sports' Fund to cover the expenses for the supply of material for Cricket, Foot- ball and other games..
The boys take a keen interest in their games, and compete in the Hongkong Schools' Football League Competition. At least one match a week is played, and several fixtures in both cricket and football have been arranged for 1906. All boys are compelled to take part in some sport, unless parents for a valid reason expressly desire otherwise.
* Boys only.
† Girls only.
530-
Appendix F.
REPORT OF THE SUB-INSPECTOR OF NEEDLEWORK.
In the Vernacular Schools my inspection disclosed various deficiencies which might be remedied without undue stress on the capabilities of the pupils. The work is not neatly executed, and is generally unpresentable as regards cleanliness. Thimbles are hardly ever used.
In the English Upper Grade Schools, needlework if judged by the exhibitions of the scholars is deserving of praise, with the exception of one or two schools which were unable to supply any substantial evidence of the work done by the pupils. Crochet and knitting seem to find much favour; but sewing and mending are not given the encouragement they deserve.
The teachers generally make the children work scraps of linen for examination. It would be advisable to have presented for inspection specimens of the year's sewing done by each individual pupil.
No correct knowledge of the ability of the pupils is possible, unless they can be asked to work for a specified time under the immediate supervision of the Inspector.
I have hereunder drawn up a specimen syllabus shewing roughly the extent of pro- ficiency expected by the Department, in English Schools.
Standard I.-Hemming and running.
Standard II.-Seaming and felling, herring-bone stitch on woollen material.
Standard III.-As in Standard II; marking on canvas; darning; cross-stitch in
coloured cotton on canvas; crochet and knitting.
Standard IV.—As in Standard III; marking on calico; darning a hole in stocking
materials; buttonholes; fancy stitch on canvas.
Standard V.—As in Standard IV; mending; back-stitching; placing of tucks;
embroidery; fancy work.
Standard VI.-As in Standard V; flannel patch; lace; silk embroidery; to cut out
and make a chemise or combination garment.
Standard VII.-To be able to do all the above work neatly, and to cut out any of the following garments: an under bodice, a chemise, a night-dress, a petticoat.
P
HONGKONG.
No. 1906
25
ABSTRACT SHEWING DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE ESTIMATES OF EXPENDITURE FOR 1906 AND 1907.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
INCREASE.
DECREASE.
}
1
PERSONAL EMOLUMENTS :-
PERSONAL EMOLUMENTS :—
New Posts,......
45,331
Higher Exchange,............
$ 117,615
New Posts (temporary),
5,156
Exchange Compensation,
96,712
Stipulated Increments,
11,451
Abolition of Posts,
19,500
Posts placed in Grading Scheme (with
Reductions on New Appointments,
9,438'
stipulated increments due),
5,805
Allowances,
2,346
Increase of Salaries,
4,789
Other Charges,
93,748
Allowances, ....
9,057
Special Expenditure,...
15,400
Other Items,
2,331
Pensions,
21,694
Other Charges,
69,086
Military Contribution,
110,074
Specal Expenditure,
13,300
Charge on account of Public Debt,
7,680
Ecclesiastical and Charitable Services,
8,705
Miscellaneous Services,
1,421
Public Works, Recurrent,.
28,300
Total Increase,
$212,412
Total Decrease exclusive of P. W. Extra-
ordinary.....
$ 486,527
Public Works, Extraordinary, ..
351,100
$ 837,627
212,412
Deduct Increase,
TOTAL DECREASE inclusive of P.
Extraordinary,
W.
$ 625,215
Receipts.
HONGKONG.
No. 1906
5
FINANCIAL RETURNS FOR THE YEAR 1905.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor,
Statement showing the total Receipts and Expenditure in the year 1905.
Amount
Estimated.
Actual
Receipts.
*A
C.
C.
More than Less than Estimated.
Estimated.
C.
€
C.
Payments.
Amount
Estimated.
Actual
Payments.
$
C.
TREASURY.
More than
Estimated.
Less than
Estimated.
lance, 1st January, 1905,
HEADS OF REVENUE.
Dues,
326,413.17
Nett Balance (overpaid) 1st Jan., 1905,
12,155.48
$
C.
$
C.
€
C.
HEADS OF EXPENDITURE.
$
C.
C.
$
C.
75,000.00
74,233.45
766.55 Charge on account of Public Debt,
185,000.00
162,759.86
22,240.14
Pensious,
220,618.00
202,348.73
18,269.27
es and Internal Revenue, not rwise specified,
Governor,
89,574.00
78,078.60
11,495.40
4,820,260.00 4,725,906.25
94,353.75 Colonial Secretary's Department and
of Court or Office, Payments
Legislature,
81,573.00
62,009.28
19,563.72
pecific purposes and Reimbur- mts in aid,
Audit Department,
15,458.00
13,289.81
2,168.19
420,565.00
)ffice,
405,000.00
417,417.37
414,838.19
......
3,147.63 Treasury,..........
53,832.00
52,300.99
1,531.01
Post Office,
387,887.00
585,449.25
197,562.25
9,838.19
Registrar General's Department,
36,179.00
31,761.32
4,417.68
Harbour Master's Department,
120,691.00
110,669.68
10,021.42
f Government Property, Land Houses,
Light-houses,
42,895,00
36,727.14
6,167.86
715,300.00 672,161.82
43,138.18 Observatory,
23,614.00
21,220.40
2,423.60
Botanical and Afforestation Dept.,
48,356.00
46,670.14
1,685,86
taneous Receipts,
Account,
5,000.00 10,073.12 187,186.00 121,491.65 70,000.00 90,022.24
5,073.12
Judicial and Legal Departments,
151,238.00
154,834.10
3,596.10
Ecclesiastical-
3,900.00
65,994.35 Education,
189,335.00
158,677.58
30,657.42
Medical Departments,
244,007.00
211,125.92
32,881.08
20,022.24
Magistracy,
40,254.00
85,762.86
4,491.14
Police,
721,949.00
655,678.73
66,270.27
Sanitary Department,.
497,494.00
395,624.59
101,859.41
AL, exclusive of Land Sales,..... 6,698,611.00| 6,526,144.09
34,933.55
207,400.46 Charitable Allowances,
5,420.00
3,922.22
Transport,
10,000.00
9.493.43
1,497.78
503.57
SAN GIULIAC DI
Lana silles
6,698,611.00 6,026,144.09 31,933.55
Sales,
500,000.00 392,259.76
207,400.46 Charitable Allowances,
Transport,
107,740.24 Miscellaneous Services, Military Expenditure, Public Works Department, Public Works Recurrent,
5,420.00
10,000.00
3,922.22
1,497.78
9,198.43
505.57
59,455.55
37,428.39
264,458.00 219,407.92 380,500.00 383,798.06
45,050.08
3,298.06
162,207.00 221,662.55 1,383,533.00 1,420,961.39
Total Revenue,
7,198,611.00|| 6,918,403.85
34,933.55
315,140.70
Available,
300,000.00
Available, (Subsidiary Coin), ·
5,112,392.00
Not Available,
988,267.47
Agents' Account,
5,133,972.55
gents' Advance,
12,149,898.15
gents' Bills outstanding,
Account,
Remittances,
Cains,
rder Account,
House Service,
Interest,
Total,
5,359,892.00 5,277,834.45 301,340,35 383,397.90
Public Works Extraordinary,
1,815,300.00 1,673,440.81
141,859.19
Total Expenditure,
7,175,192.00| 6,951,275.26
$ 6,951,275.26
330,000.00
270,373.62
55,511.20
5,112,392.00|
186,952.73
27,521.10
2,419.71
Deposits Available,
300,000.00
Deposits Available, (Subsidiary Coins),
5,112,392.00
Deposits Not Available,
940,378.13
Crown Agents' Account,..
5,135,525,32
Crown Agents' Advance,
862,107.27
Crown Agents' Bills in transit,
260,000.00
374,162.33
Advance Account,
Family Remittances, Subsidiary Coins,... Money Order Account, Suspense House Service, Suspense Interest,
Viceroy of Wuchang Loan, Exchange,
55,605.14
8,089,272.59
208,732.36
23,224.97
71,196.29
11,268,480.00
11,243.74
Total Receipts,..
36,588,134.38
Total Payments, ...39,663,595.40
eipts, with opening Balance, nee (overpaid), 31st December, 1905,
36,914,547.55
2,796,665.48
Total Payments, with opening Balance, ......................
39,675,750.88
Nett Balance (Crown Agents) 31st Dec., 1905, 35,462.15
Total,
$
39,711,213.03
Total,
..$39,711,213.03
525,257.09
•
Receipts.
No. 1906
5
HONGKONG.
FINANCIAL RETURNS FOR THE YEAR 1905.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
Statement showing the total Receipts and Expenditure in the
Amount
Estimated.
Actual
Receipts.
More than Less than Estimated.
Estimated.
Payments.
year
1905.
TREASUR
Amount
Estimated.
Actual
Payments.
More than
Estimated.
Les
Esti
$
C.
$
C.
C.
Nett Balance, 1st January, 1905,
HEADS OF REVENUE.
1. Light Dues,
2. Licences and Internal Revenue, not otherwise specified,
326,413.17
Nett Balance (overpaid) 1st Jan., 1905,
12,155.48
$
C.
C.
$
C.
€Ð
C.
HEADS OF EXPENDITURE,
..
C.
$
75,000.00
74,233.45
766.55 Charge on account of Public Debt,..
185,000.00
162,759.86
22
Pensions,
220,618.00
202,348.73
18
Governor,
89,574.00
78,078.60
11
28=
4,820,260.00| 4,725,906.25
94,353.75 Colonial Secretary's Department and
3. Fees of Court or Office, Payments for specific purposes and Reimbur- sements in aid,
Legislature,
81,573.00
62,009.28
19
Audit Department,
15,458.00
13,289.81
2
420,565.00 417,417.37
3,147.63 Treasury,.
53,832.00
52,300.99
1
Post Office,
387,887.00
585,449.25
197,562.25
4. Post Office,
405,000.00 414,838.19
9,838.19
Registrar General's Department,
36,179.00
31,761.32
4
5. Rent of Government Property, Land and Houses,
Harbour Master's Department, Light-houses,
120,691.00
110,669.58
10
42,895.00
36,727.14
6.
6. Interest,
7. Miscellaneous Receipts,
715,300.00
5,000.00
187,486.00
8. Water Account,
672,161.82
10,073.12
121,491.65 70,000.00 90,022.24 20,022.24
43,138.18 Observatory,.
23,614.00
21,220.40
2
Botanical and Afforestation Dept.,
48,356.00
46,670.14
1.
5,078.12
65,994.35 Education,
Magistracy,
Judicial and Legal Departments, Ecclesiastical,
Medical Departments,
Police, ....
151,238.00
154,834.10
3,596.10
- 3,900.00
3,600.00
189,335.00
158,677.58
30,
244,007.00
211,125.92
32.
40,254.00
35,762.86
4.
721,949.00
655,678.73
66,
Sanitary Department,..
497,484.00
395,624.59
101,
9. Land Sales,
TOTAL, exclusive of Land Sales,... 6,698,611.00 6,526,144.09 500,000.00 392,259.76
31,933.55
207,400.46
Charitable Allowances,
5,420.00
3,922.22
ཌ
1.
Transport,
10,000.00
9,493.43
107,740.24 Miscellaneous Services,
162,207.00
221,662.55
59,155,55
100
9. Land Sales,
500,000.00
392,259.76
107,740.24 Miscellaneous Services,
Military Expenditure,
Public Works Department, Public Works Recurrent,
162,207.00
༡༤ལ
59,455.55 221,662.55 1,388,533.00 1,420,961.39
37,428.39
264,458.00 219,407.92 380,500.00 383,798.06
45,0
3,298.06
Total Revenue,..
7,198,611.00 6,918,403.85
34,933.55
315,140.70
Total,
Public Works Extraordinary,
5,359,892.00 5,277,834.45 1,815,300.00 1,673,440.81
301,340.35
383,
141,
Deposits Available,
800,000.00
7,175,192.00 6,951,275.26
525,
Deposits Available, (Subsidiary Coin),
5,112,392.00
Deposits Not Available,
988,267.47
Total Expenditure,
$ 6,951,275.26
Crown Agents' Account,
5,133,972.55
Crown Agents' Advance,
12,149,898.15
Deposits Available,
300,000,00
Crown Agents' Bills outstanding,
330,000.00
Deposits Available, (Subsidiary Coins),
5,112,392.00
Deposits Not Available,
940,378.13
Advance Account,
270,373.62
Crown Agents' Account,.
5,135,525,32
Crown Agents' Advance,
862,107.27
Family Remittances,
55,541.20
Crown, Agents' Bills in transit,
260,000.00
Advance Account,
>
vullis,
5,112,392.00
Family Remittances,-
Money Order Account,
Suspense House Service,
Supense Interest,
186,952.73
27,521.10
2,419.71
Subsidiary Coins,... Money Order Account,
Suspense House Service, Suspense Interest,
Viceroy of Wuchang Loan, Exchange,
374,162.33
55,605.14
8,089,272.59
208,732.36
23,224.97
71,196.29
11,268,480.00 11,243.74
Total Receipts,.
36,588,134.38
Total Payments, ...39,663,595.40
Total Receipts, with opening Balance,
36,914,547.55
Total Payments, with opening Balance,
39,675,750.88
Nett Balance (overpaid), 31st December, 1905,
2,796,665.18
Nett Balance (Crown Agents) 31st Dec., 1905, 35,462.15
Total,
$39,711,213.03
Total,
$39,711,213.03)
ج
35
Statement of Assets and Liabilities, on the 31st December, 1905.
LIABILITIES.
C.
ASSETS.
3
C.
Crown Agents' Drafts in Transit,
$30,000.00 Balance, Crown Agents,..
35,462.15
Do.,
Advance,
11,272,021.76
Advances,
213,321.87
Deposits not available,
644,638.21
Subsidiary Coins,
3,968,354.28
Refund of Rates,
Officers' Remittances,.
Money Order Remittances,
Civil Pensions,
Police Pensions,
8,300 00
Profit, Money Order Office,......
6,500.00
295.43
Viceroy of Wu Chang,
11,268,480.00
12,941.78 Suspense Interest Account,
68,776.58
22,500.00
13,500.00
Public Works,
5,378.74
Miscellaneous,
10,028.27
Suspense House Service,
3,073.65
Balance overdrawn, Bank,
2,790,605.48
Total Liabilities,
15,119,399.32
Balance,
441,495.66
Total,...$ 15,560,894.98
Total Assets,*
$ 15,560,894.98
*Not including Arrears of Revenue and Over-payment amounting to $330,711.15.
Statement of Funded Public Debt or Loans borrowed for Fixed Periods outstanding on the 31st December, 1905, and of the Accumulated Sinking Funds at the same date.
Designation of Debt or Loan.
Legal
Amount Authority. Outstanding.
SINKING FUNDS.
Amount of Stock, &c.
Cost Price.
Market Value,
Hongkong 31 % In- Ordinances 1&2| £341,799.15.1
scribed Stock.
of 1893.
Sterling.
Brit. Guiana, Cape of G. Hope, 3 % Gold Coast,
Stock.
11
%
Lagos,
31%
*
Natal.
ότι
*
New Zealand,
3%
**
Do..
"
Queensland,
3 %
2,000. 0.0
17
Sierra Leone,
31010
>>
South Australia, 31%
Trinidad,
4 %
Do..
3 %
11
Victoria.
35%
Western A'tralia, 3
£ s. d.
2,000. 0. 0 2,000. 0. 0 5.000. 0. 0 3,791. 1. 9
200. 0.0
868. 5. 2.000. 0. 0
4,000. 0. 0
1,104.19. 0
4,000. 0. 0 5,000. 0. 0 5,000. 0. 0 2,100. 0. 0
£ s. d.
£ s. d.
1,932,17. 3(90) 1,800. 0. 0 1,941. 1. (871) 1,750, 0.0 4,480.11. 6 (86) 4,300. 0. 0 3,643, 1. 8(972) 3,696. 6. 2 189.19. 5 (88) 176. 0.0 904. 8. 4 (99) 859.11. 6 1,921. S. 8 (871) 1,750, 0. 0 1,948. 5.10 (863) 1,730, 0, 0 3,879.19. 2 (99) 3,960. 0. 0 1.196. 3. 2 (100) 1,104.19. 0 4,082.12. 0 |(103) 4,120. 0. 0 4,746.15. 0 ( 90 ) 4,500. 0. 0 4,734. 8. 6 (99) 4,950, 0. 0 2,010. 2.10 (87) 1,827. 0. 0
£39,064. 5.11
£37,611.14. £
36.523.16. 8
36
Summary of Advances and Repayments of Advances for the Year ended 31st December, 1905.
Names.
Balances
on
Advances during
Total.
1st January, 1905.
the
year.
Repayments of Advances during the year.
Balances
on
31st Dec.,
1905.
$
Money Order,
28,949.07
153,007.89
( 181,616.57
181,956.96
Singapore Government,
770.07
Post Office-Money Order,
1,618.21 25,000.00
2,388.28
ì (1) 88.66 2,025.14
251.73
25,000.00
363.14 25,000.00
4
Supreme Court,
100.00
100.00
Captain Superintendent of Police,...
25.00
790.00
815.00
790.00
Crown Solicitor,
916.25
200.00
1,116.25
54.40
100.00
25.00 1,061.85
Sanitary Department,
500.00
500.00
500.00
Treasury,
500.00
500.00
500.00
Colonial Secretary's Department,
25.00
25.00
25.00
Public Works Department,.
11,000.00
11,000.00
11,000.00
Private Street Improvement,
1,116.35
H. B. Lethbridge,
{ (a)
899.30 159.96 1.47
2,015.65
2,365.72
Cr. 350.07
161.43
161.43
163.79
Ada Robertson,
65.45
Government of Lagos,
256.32
70.50 (b) 0.17
321.77
54.60
(2) 103.38
70.67
70.67
Jane Wildey,
f 247.60
99.03
387.90
486.93
(3) 156.79
82.54
47.96
M. J. Hood,
18.41
71.01
89.42
(4) 18.94
22.52
Postmaster General,
522.55
522.55
522.55
249.00
A. Dixon,.......
99.56
390.00
489.56
83.00
{(5) 157.56
F. A. Gidley,
213.84
85.44
334.64
420.08
71.24
(6) 135.00
239.82
M. Moore,
98.09
378.34
476.43
(7) 116.68
119.93
Weihaiwei Government,
548.02
548.02
548.02
Li Hong Mi,.
321.14
321.14
321.14
E. C. Lewis,
215.58
215.58
215.58
F. W. Clark,
688,64
688.64
688.61
...
Mauritius Government,
1,220.11
246.92
1,460.46
1,707.38
) (8) 11.82
475.45
Inspector Gidley,
198.18
198.18
198.18
D. Wood, .....
150.87
150.87
150.87
G. E. Thomas,
111.14
111.14
Praya East Reclamation,
40,665.72
16,499.85
57,165.37
Transvaal Government,
6,554.42
6,957.90 13,512.32
i (9) 52.04
Rider Main Scheme,
24,111.02
Ceylon Government,
53.40
Resumption of Land N. T.,
J. R. Crook,......
101,769.83
322.16
44,000.00
12.96
125,880.85
375.56
111.14
35.00 57,130.57
(11,195.28 1
6,630.12
286.93
· 2,265.00
119,250.73
78.15
(10) 10.48
44,000.00
40,000.00
12.58
4,000.00
12.96
11) 0.38
W. Orchar,
206.06
206.06
220.18 Cr.Bal. 14.12
J. M. Seymour,
M. Earner,
D. McKenzie,
92.90
180.44
6.24
186.68
4.06
(12) 89.72
124.60
124.60
160.00 Cr.Bal. 35.40
€61.75
561.75
275.00
286.75
M. Waters,
86.05
86.05
86.05
Praya Reclamation,...
2,336.90
2,386.90
2,336.90
Passage of Miss Avis,
358.40
358.40
35.00
323.40
H. K. Phelips,
591.60
591.60
591.60
E. A. Carvalho,
537.81
537.81
537.81
...
Furniture for Government Pavilion,
600.00
600.00
400.00
200.00
J. W. Ironside,
650.82
650.82
650.82
F. T. Piggott,
1,805.78
1,805.78
1,080.00
725.78
C. II. Barrow,
97.90
97.90
97.90
Inspector Fisher,.
282.00
282.00
240.00
42.00
L. S. Clarke,
468.03
468.03
125.00
343.03
P. C. Finaman,
G. P. Martin,
Carried forward,.
468.03
46-.03
100.00
368.03
120.00
120.00
120.00
111,329.72
371,496.88
482,826.60 270,497.69 212,728.50
V
Balances
On
Names.
1st January, 1905.
37
Summary of Advances and Repayments of Advances for the Year ended 31st December, 1905.--Continued.
Repayments of Advances during the year.
Balances
on
31st Dec.,
1905.
Advances during the
Total.
year.
S
$
Brought forward,.......
111,329.72 | 371,496.88
482,826.60
270,497.69
212,728.50
Deposit of 1% on value of goods ex
Goldmouth,
Local Auditor,
P. P. J. Wodehouse,
Botanical & Afforestation Department,
R. G. McEwen,
Storage of Subsidiary Coin,
J. G. T. Buckle, (Widows and Orphans'
Pension Fund),
122.68
150.58
150.58
(c) 27.90
530.00
530.00
530.00
1$1.05
181.05
181.05
100.00
100.00
100.00
540.16
540.16
540.16
740.40
740.40
740.40
452.80
452.80
452.80
A
111,329.72
374,191.87
485.521.59
272,199.72 213,721.46
Less Credits,
399.59
(a) Profit in Exchange ...$ 1.47
300
(1)
(c)
+1
";
0.17
27.90
$29.54
SРРК Ð ✪ Q = Q
(1) Loss in Exchange $ 88.66
103.38
:
156.79
*
18.94
>>
157,56
135.00
116.68
11.82
•
52.04
10.48
"
(11) (12)
0.38
89.72
$941.45
213,321.87
Summary of Deposits and Refunds of Deposits for the Year ended 31st December, 1905.
Names.
Balances on
Deposits
1st January, received dur- 1905. ing the year.
Total.
Deposits
Balances on repaid during 31st Decem-
the year.
ber, 1905.
$
Tender Deposits....
Sikh Passage Fund,
6,270.00 566.00
15,605.00
Police Fine Fund,
407.10
1,080.37
21,875.00 566.00 1,187.47
16,950.00
Praya Reclamation Fund,
129,440.63
18,302.23
147,742.86
271.00 1,027.05 22,986.24
4,925.00 295.00
460.42.
124,756,62
Suitors' Fund, ..................
235,400.48
829,942.78 | 1,065,343.21
831,150.19
234,193.02
Widows and Orphans' Fund,
196,525.75
48,271.50
239,797.25
6,783.58
233,013.67
Chinese Recreation Ground,
5,276.61
1,857.87
6,634.48
684.52
5,949.96
-Custom Duties on Parcels,
1,080.08
3,389.29
4,469.37
2,979.67
1,489.70.
Sale of Land Deposits,
100.00
850.00
950.00
700.00
250.00
Post Office Fine Fund,
295.61 |
31.66
327.27
100.00
227.27
Medical Department Fine Fund,
249.01
63.71
312.72
312.72
Sanitary Department Fine Fund,
38.63
34.79
73.42
73.42
Hongkong Volunteer Corps Fund,
16,782.32
Intestate Estate,
Estate of Deceased Policemen,
House Service Deposits.....
1,639.18 197.42 603.00
24,098.81 121.64
40,881.13
24.451.92
16,429.21
Sugar Convention Ordinance,.
1,441.00 12,220.00
1,760.82 197.42 2,044.00
1.760.82
197.42
1,650,00
894.00
12,220.00
12,220,00
Market Caretakers' Securities,
Miscellaneous,
20.00 1,784.31
36,456.87
20.00 38,241.18 f
20.00
18,423.96
19,817.22
Board of Trade,
Gaol Library,
28.84 108 90
28.84 103.90
28.84 103.90
9th March, 1906.
596,808.87
988,267.47 1,585,076.34
940,378.13
614,698.21
A. M. THOMSON,
Treasurer.
;
No.
HONGKONG.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH ESTIMATES FOR 1907.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor,
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES, ON THE 31ST DECEMBER, 1905.
26
1906
LIABILITIES.
C.
ASSETS.
$
C.
Crown Agents' Drafts in Transit,
330,000.00 Balance, Crown Agents,....
35,462.15
.Do.,
Advance,
11,272,021.76 Advances,
213,321.87
Deposits not available,
644,698.21
Subsidiary Coins, ....
3,968,354.28
Refund of Rates,
8,800.00
Profit, Money Order Office...
6,500.00
Officers' Remittances,..
295.43
Viceroy of Wu Chang,
11,268,480.00
Money Order Remittances,
12,942.78
Suspense Interest Account,
68,776.58
Civil Pensions,
22,500.00
Police Pensions,
13,500.00
Public Works,
5,373.71
Miscellaneous,
10,028.27
Suspense House Service,
3,073.65
Balance overdrawn, Bank,
2,796,605.48
Total Liabilities,
15,119,399.32
Balance,
441,495.66
Total,............$ 15,560,894.98
Total Assets,*
$ 15,560,894.98
* Not including Arrears of Revenue and Over-payment amounting to $380,711.15.
Treasury, Hongkong, 28th August, 1906.
A. M. THOMSON.
Treasurer.
[P. T. 0.]
586
ESTIMATED BALANCE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES ON 31sг DECEMBER, 1996.
Ordinary Revenue, 1906,
Land Sales,
Amount transferred from Praya Reclamation Fund,
Ordinary Expenditure, 1906,
Public Works Extraordinary,
Credit Balance,
Balance of Assets, 1905,
..$ 6,648,361.00 307,000.00
98,673.25
-$7,054,034.25
$ 5,341,259.00
1,409,697.00
-$6,750,956.00
303,078.25
441,495.66
Balance of Assets on 31st December, 1906,
*$ 744,573.91
* Not including Estimated Arrears of Revenue 1906 amounting to $129,000.
Treasury, Hongkong, 28th August, 1906.
Dr.
To Inscribed. Stock Loan at 33% interest,
LOAN ACCOUNT 1905.
A. M. THOMSON, Treasurer.
Cr.
to be paid off on the 15th April, 1943,.. £ 341,799.15.1 By Sinking Fund,
£
37,611.14.4
ESTIMATED LOAN ACCOUNT 1906.
To Inscribed Stock Loan at 33% interest,
to be paid off on the 15th April, 1943,...£ 341,799.15.1 By Sinking Fund,
Treasury, Hongkong, 28th August, 1996.
£
42,209. 6.6
A. M. THOMSON,
Treasurer.
431
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF FIRE BRIGADE FOR
THE YEAR 1905.
There were 32 Fires and 77 Incipient Fires during the year, as against 57 and 64 in 1904. Details with regard to these Fires are given in Tables I and II.
The estimated damage caused by Fires was $327,425.00 and by Incipient Fires $1,708.00.
The Brigade turned out 48 times during the year.
2. There was an intermittent supply of water in the mains from 27th February to 28th March, during which period sea water was used as much as possible in order to save the fresh water.
3. Three Fires occurred in the harbour during the year.
4. There were two prosecutions for arson. The first was in connection with the Fire at No. 168 Hollywood Road where ten persons lost their lives. Two men were arrested and convicted at the Criminal Sessions and sentenced to imprisonment for life. The second was in connection with the Fire at No. 462 Des Voeux Road West. Two men were arrested and convicted at the Criminal Sessions and sentenced to seven and five years' imprisonment respectively.
5. I attach a list of places where Fire Despatch Boxes are kept and of private telephones to which the Police have access in the event of a Fire (Appendix A). I also enclose a copy of a report by the Acting Engineer on the state of Fire Engines, which are all in good order (Appendix B).
-
6. The conduct of the Brigade has been good.
7. The Deputy Superintendent (Captain LYONS) returned from leave on 15th February. During his absence Mr. HALLIFAX acted for him.
20th February, 1906.
F. J. BADELEY, Superintendent, Fire Brigade.
Appendix A.
List of Places where Fire Brigade Despatch Boxes are kept.
1 Box. No. 1 Police Station.
2 Boxes. No. 7 Police Station.
2 Boxes. Engine House at No. 2 Police Sta 1 Box.
Government House.
neers' Mess.
Central Police Station.
tion.
1 Box.
Naval Dock Yard.
1
""
1
Clock Tower.
1
"2
??
1
Government Offices.
1
1
"2
""
1
$1
No. 7, Queen's Garden, Royal Engi- | 1
1
"
1
1
""
1
"}
Terrace.
1 Box.
1
1
""
1
Staunton Street, at Sing Wong 1
Street.
""
1
""
1
Water Lane, at Queen's Road
Central.
وو
Bonham Strand West, at West
End.
Gas House, West Point.
Fat Hing Street, at Queen's Road
West.
Ko Shing Theatre.
Government Lunatic Asylum.
Nam Pak Hong Fire Station. Man Mo Temple.
Wellington Street at Lyndhurst 3 Boxes. No. 5 Police Station.
Government Civil Hospital.
Kennedy Town Hospital. Collinson Street West.
No. 463, Queen's Road West. Police Matshed, Connaught Road.
7
1
432
List of Telephones to which the Police can have access to communicate with
Central Station in the event of a Fire breaking out.
Hongkong and China Gas Company, East and
West Point, from 7 A.M. to 9 P.M. Tung Wá Hospital, Po Yan Street. Man On Insurance Office, Queen's Road West.
Clock Tower.
Hongkong Hotel, Des Voeux Road Central. Royal Naval Yard, Queen's Road East. Mr. J. KENNEDY's, Causeway Bay. Electric Light Company, Queen's Road East.
Fire Alarms.
Harbour Master's Office at Wing Lok Street. Hollywood Road at Queen's Road West. Wilmer Street at Des Voeux Road West.
Appendix B.
HONGKONG, 9th February, 1906.
SIR,-I have the honour to forward the Annual Report on the state of the Government Fire Engines for the year ending 31st December, 1905.
STEAMER NO. 1. Floating Fire Engine.
Engines and Pumps by Shand & Mason.
This Engine has been 8 years in service, and was docked and thoroughly overhauled in October, 1905, by the Hongkong and Whampoa Dock Co., Ltd., at Cosmopolitan Dock.
The Hull, Machinery and Boiler are all in good working order.
STEAMER No. 2.
Land Engine by Shand & Mason.
This Engine has been 27 years in service (Boiler 8 years old). It has been regularly used and tested at monthly drill for drivers and fires, overhauled at regular intervals during the year and is now in good working order.
STEAMER No. 3.
Land Engine by Shand & Mason.
This Engine has been 23 years in service (Boiler re-tubed in May, 1904). It was regularly used and tested at monthly drill for drivers. Pumps overhauled and new valves and valve seats fitted in August last. Boiler and Machinery now in good working order.
STEAMER No. 4.
Land Engine by Shand & Mason.
This Engine has been 24 years in service, (new fire-box fitted to Boiler in April, 1904). It has been regularly used and tested at drill for drivers and fires during the year, pumps overhauled and now in good working order.
STEAMER No. 5.
Land Engine by Shand & Mason.
This Engine has been 19 years in service, regularly tested at monthly drill for drivers and fires, overhauled at regular intervals and now in good working order. The fire-box of this Boiler is considerably worn. Last year it was recommended that a new fire-box be supplied. All the Manual Engines and Gear, Hose, Reels, Ladders and Supply Carts have been kept in repair and are now in good working order and condition.
I have, etc.,
ROBERT HUNTer, Acting Engineer, Fire Brigade.
Table I.
FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1905.
No. of BUILDINGS.
REMARKS.
Ten persons were burnt to death. Two men were arrested and convicted at the Criminal Sessions for arson and sentenced to imprisonment for life.
DESTROYED.
No.
DATE.
TIME.
SITUATION OF FIRE.
DAMAGE.
CAUSE.
Wholly. Partly.
1 January 3
3,45 a.m.
House No. 48, Elgin Road, Kowloon,
4
1
$ 50,000.00
Unknown.
N
12
2.15 a.m.
House No. 168, Hollywood Road,
2
4,000.00
Arson,
>>
16
3.30 p.m.
18
}}
A matshed at Quarry Bay Ship Yard, 7.35 p.m. | House No. 20, New Market Street,
1 matshed
1,750.00
Unknown.
1
10,000.00
Do.
25
""
3,35 a.m.
6
30
6.00 p.m.]
House No. 10, New Market Street, A family house at Sai Kung,
1
1
22,000.00
Do.
1
100.00
Do.
February 2
6.55 p.m.
6
9.30 a.m.
""
Houses Nos. 97 & 99, Queen's Road Central, A grass stack in Hang Hai Village, New Territory,
2
15,000.00
Do.
2 stacks
150.00
Do.
9
10
"}
1.00 p.m.
House No. 145, Aberdeen Village,.
1
560.00
Do.
...
10.
13
"
10.35 p.m.
House No. 89, Queen's Road West,
1
13,000,00
Do.
11
20
7.05 p.m.
House No. 9, Tung Loi Laue,
1
20,100.00
Do.
12
22
5.20 a.m.
House No. 21, Suidter Street, Tai Kok Tsui,
1,800.00
Do.
13
March
10
3.20 a.m.
House No. 43, Bonham Strand East,
200.00
14
16
""
1.10 p.m. House No. 27, Chinese Street,
300.00
15
21
2.35 a.m.
House No. 109, Winglok Street,
1
8,000.00
""
16
April
4
12.40 a.m.
House No. 76, Des Vœux Road Central,
1
3,800.00
Unknown.
17
7
5:00 p.m.
House No. 127, Wellington Street,
1
1,000,00
Do.
18 May
10
11.10 a.m.
19
11
12 Midnight.
A matshed at Kowloon Godown, Tsim Sha Tsui, 1 matshed House No. 248, Des Voeux Road Central,
300.00
Accidental dropping of burning
Charcoal.
Upsetting of a Kerosine Lamp. Exploding of a Kerosine Lamp,
Spontaneous Combustion.
I
10,000.00
Unknown.
י
21
20 July 8
August
2.20 a.m.
House No. 90, Winglok Street,
1.
25,000.00
Do.
5
8.30 p.m.
On board S. S. «Yik Sang in Victoria Harbour,
11
300.00
Do.
23
2223
26
""
8.15 a.my
A matshed at Blackhead's Point,
12 matsheds
14,715.00
{
September 9
2.40 a.m.
24
10
Houses Nos. 29 & 31, Des Voeux Road Central,
11.05 p.m. House No. 133, Winglok Street,
2
55,000.00
1
10,000.00
Supposed dropping of a Lighted Match or Cigarette....) Unknown.
Do.
Carried forward,
..$
267,075.00
433 -
FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1905,-Continued.
No. of BUILDINGS DESTROYED.
* CAUSE,
REMARKS.
Sparks from grass fire.. Unknown.
Two men were arrested and convicted at the Criminal Sessions and sen- tenced to 7 and 5 years' imprison- ment respectively.
No.
DATE.
TIME.
SITUATION OF FIRE.
DAMAGE.
Wholly. Partly.
Brought forwa d,
:
$267,075.00
25
October 24
1.30 p.m. A matshed in New Water Works at Cheung
Sha Wan,
8 matsheds
2,200.00
Unknown.
26
28
A
>>
27
126
November 3
4.00 a.m. grass stack at Ap Ma Lin, Sham Shui Po, 5.20 p.m. House No. 26 Ta Tit Hong, Kowloon City,
1 stack.
1 wooden
hat.
1
150.00
200.00
28
22
11.55 p.m. House No. 462, Des Voeux Road West,
12,000.00
Arson,
31
10 15 20 13
29
Dec.
· 10
11.00 a.m.
Pacific Mail S. S. 'Siberia in Victoria Harbour,
""
40,000.00
Accident.
30
27
9.20 p.m.
28
2.00 a.m.
Licensed Junk S. 598 H. in Victoria Harbour, A Wooden Structure in Boat Building Yard at Sai Kung,
2,900.00
Unknown..
I
400.00
Do:
32
31
33
6.10 p.m. House No. 293, Queen's Road West,
1
2,500.00
Do.
Total,
327,425.00
:
434
Table II.
INCIPIENT FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1905.
- 435-
No.
DATE.
TIME.
SITUATION OF FIRE.
DAMAGE.
CAUSE.
REMARKS.
$ c.
January 2
14
10J2A 18
6.20 p.m.
1.30 p.m.
7.10 p.m.
House No. 196, Third Street,
House No. 43, Square Street,
House No. 44, Wellington Street,
18
12.15 p.m.
Honse No. 49, Gough Street,
10 12 19
""
6 p.m.
621 20 0124 23
House No. 257, Des Voeux Road Central,. House No. 98, Aplichau,...
100.00
Do.
Do.
25
>>
9
27
>>
10
28
3.00 p.m.
99
11
29
""
12
February
4
13
9
10.50 a.m.
4,50 a.m.
4.15 a.m.
>>
House No. 172, Des Vœux Road Central,. House No. 19, Wellington Street, 2nd floor, On board S. S. "Shabzada" at Hunghom Dock Wharf,
10.00
Trifling
Unknown,
14
10
9.40 a.m.
Accident,
""
15
13
99
8.54 p.m.
16
18
8 r.m.
House No. 1, Old Bailey Street, 2nd floor,
17
March
7.45 p.m.
House No. 46, Aberdeen,.
18
9
"
House No. 224, Queen's Road Central, 2nd floor,
19
17
19
20
26
,,
A
21
30
12 noon
""
22
April
10.30 a.m.
Peddar Street,
50.00
23
2.30 a.m.
House No. 313, Queen's Road Central, 1st floor,{
Slight
Do.
2 a.m.
6.30 p.m.
9.15 a.m.
Hillside between Little Hongkong and Aberdeen near Stauley Road,
House No. 7, Caine Road,
6.45 p.m. | House No. 6, Elgin Road, Kowloon,
9 p.m.
7.15 p.m.
11.45 p.m.
Supreme Comt Buildings,
House No. 258, Queen's Road West, 2nd floor, House No. 117, Wellington Street,
Steam Laundry premises, Wanchai,
House No. 315, Des Voeux Road West, 1st floor, Cook-house of No. 337, Queen's Road Central,
400.00 Upsetting a kerosine lamp,
Accident,
Grass on fire,.
50.00 Overheating of kitchen flue,
5.00
Chimney on fire,
Stove-pipe igniting a beam,
Chimney on fire,
Lamp setting fire to curtain,
30.00 | Unknown,
500.00 Overheating of drying pan,
Soot in chimney caught fire, 10.00 | Careless use of joss sticks,
Accident,
Unknown,
Put out by occupants.-
Put out by Police.
Put out by occupants, Police and Firemen. Put out by occupants.
Put out by Brigade.
Put out by occupants and Police.
Put out by Police.
Put out by Brigade. Put out by occupants.
Put out by Firemen,
Put out by Police and pcenpants. Put out by Police and occupants. Put out by Dock employees.
Put out by inmates and Police. Put out by Brigade.
Put out by inmates.
Put out by occupants and villagers. Put out by occupants.
Put out by employees. Put out by Police.
Put out by Police and occupants. Put out by Police and workmen. Put out by Police and occupants.
15.00 | Overheating of a lamp, Accident,
Chimney on fire,
Falling of joss sticks,
24
9.30 a.m.
House No. 29, West Street,
>>
25
""
7.30 p.m.
House No. 32, Tai Ping-shan Street,..
Chimney, on fire,
Do.
26
6.15 p.m.
House No. 221, Hollywood Road,
Trifling
Escape of gas,...
Do.
Do.
Do.
27
24
8 p.m.
On a piece of ground east of Stanley,
29
30
88888
28 May
6.40 a.m.
Po Hing Theatre, Yaumati,
Trifling
8 a.m.
House No. 14, Wellington Street,
לי
99
8 a.m.
Rattan Factory, Bay View Terrace, Shau-ki- wan Road,
31
333333
ง
8.30 p.m.
A Godown near Bay View Station,
Unknown,
32
""
A
6.45 a.m.
St. Joseph's College, Robinson Road,
100.00
Do.
10.00 | Grass on fire,.... Chimney on fire,
Joss papers igniting bed curtain, Chimney on fire,
Put out by Police and villagers. Put out by Brigade.
Put out by occupants and Police. Do.
Put out by Brigade.
Put out by teachers and pupils.
Carried forward,
1,280.00
INCIPIENT FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1905,-Continued,
-436-
No.
DATE.
TIME.
SITUATION OF FIRE.
DAMAGE.
Br. ught forward,
1,280.00
15.00 Unknown,
Trifling.
""
1 p.m. House No 11, Albany Street,..
8.20 p.m. | House No. 239, Hollywood Road, 4 30 p.m. House No. 429, Queen's Road West, 8.20 p.m. | House No. 49, High Street,
33
May
8
34
9
6.10 a.m.
House No. 188, Hollywood Road,
35
18
36
24
37
25
38
31
11.07 p.m.
39
June
2
40
15
41
July
}
House No. 18, Counanght Road,
I p.m. House No 1, Mosque Juuction,..
3.30 a.m. House No. 539, Queen's Road West,
6.15 p.m. | A bundle of dry grass in the cook-house of a matshed on the reclamation at Tsim Sha Tsui caught fire,
8.30 p.m. | No. 5 Police Station,
9.10 p.m. HouseNo. 36, Lower Lascar Row,
CAUSE.
Upsetting of a kerosino lamp,
Chimney on fire,
Do.
Exploding of a kerosine lamp,. Chimney on fire, Accident,
5.00 Exploding of a lamp,
Chimney on fire,. Unknown,
Do.
Chimney on fire, Do.
1.00 | Exploding of a kerosine lamp, 10.00 Overheating of chimney flue, Do.
Unknown,
42
9
10.00
43
18
Trifling.
Accident,
Do.
91
44
31
1.15 a.m.
45
August
9
46
27
8.15 p.m.
Noon
""
47
30
8 a..
""
48
30
49
September 11
50
12
9 p.m.
6.40 p.m.
11.37 p.m.
51
14
8.25
Р 10.
""
52
27
8 35 a.m.
House No. 35E, Wellington Street, A new building in Chater Road, House No. 414, Des Voeux Road West, House No. 102, Aberdeen Village, House No. 112, Sham Shui Po,................. House No. 526, Des Voeux Road West,. House No. 164, Wellington Street, House No. 239, Queen's Road West,. House No. 2, Mountain View, Peak,
10,00
1.00
Dɔ.
Accident,
150.00
53
October
1
10.47 p.n.
1ouse No. 48, D'aguilar Street, ..........
54
??
1.39 p.m.
House No. 39, Circular Pathway,
55
6
"
6.30 p.m.
56
15
5.40 pm.
House No. 129, Connaught Road Central, House No. 100, Wellington Street,
27
31
"
5 p.m.
ilouse No. 46, Second Street,
58
November
10.30 p.m.
59
1 p.m.
House No, 350, Queen's Road Central, House No. 104, Queen's Road Central,
Trifling
Accident,
(0
12.45 pm.
61
""
12.45 p.m.
House No. 501, Queon's Road West, House No. 65, Connaught Road West,
10.00
Upsetting of a lamp,
20.00
Unknown,
62
6 a.m.
House No. 14, Aberdeen Street,
600
Burning of joss sticks
63
7.35 a m.
Austin Road, Kowloon,
Chimney on fire,
61
2.35 a.m.
House No. 170, Hollywood Road,
Exploding of a lamp,
65
10
Attempted arso!
Carried forward,.
.$
1,518.00
2 n.m. Honse No. 63, Connaught Road 'West,
Chimney on fire,
Do.
Do.
Boiling fat igniting firewood, Unknown,
REMARKS.
Put out by occupants. Put out by Police.
Put out by Police and occupants. Extinguished by occupants.
Do.
Put out by occupants and Police. Do.
Put out by Police.
Put out by occupants.
Put out by firemen.
Extinguished by occupants and Police. Put ont by occupants.
Put out by coolies and workmen. Put out by Police.
Put out by Police and occupants. Put out by villagers and Police. Put out by Brigade.
Put out by occupants and firemen. Put out by ecenpants.
Put out by occupants and Police.
Do.
Do.
Put out by Brigade.
Put out by occupants and Police. Do.
Put out by deenpants
Put out by ocenpants and Poliec. Do.
Put out by Brigade.
Extinguished by Police and occupants.
Put out by occupants.
Do.
Do.
"Я
1
INCIPIENT FIRES DURING THE YEAR 1905,--Continned.
No.
DATE.
TIME.
SITUATION OF FIRE.
Brought forward;.
forward,$
3 a.m. Duddell Street, Store of Messrs. Kelly and Walsh, 12.40 p.m. ↑ House No. 197, Wanchai Road, 7.20 a.m. House No. 15, Wong-nei-chung, 5.30 p.m. House No. 15, Bonham Strand East,
2 a.m. | House,No. 54, Bonham Strand Central, 10.30 a.m. H. M. Naval Yard,
67
69
72
78
3 568RAN PERRE
66
December
2
13
63
15
*}
17
""
18
"
18
""
19
>>
...
23
""
74
26
""
3.30 a.m.
75
26
"
5.15 p.m.
House No. 28, Tai Ping Shan Street, House No. 26, Wellington Street,
76
31
""
31
"
1.30 p.m.
10.30 a.m.
The American Match Factory, 26 Des Voeux Road, Hunghom,
House No. 10, Wong Ma Kok Village,
6 p.m. House No. 4, Lower Lasear Row, 10.45 p.m."Hungcheong Stonecutters, Matshed at
Yaumati,
19
DAMAGE.
1,518.09
Slight
Accident,
CAUSE.
30.00 Overheating of a stove pipe, 10.00 Overturning of a lamp,.. Bursting of a lamp, .....
Unknown,
Do.
50.00 Accident,
100.00 Falling of a lamp, Attempted arson, Chimney on fire, Do.
Attempted arson,..
REMARKS.
Put out by goodown keeper.
Put out by occupants.
Put out by Police and villagers. Put out by occupants.
Do.
No assistance required. Put out by the caretaker.
Put out by villagers. Put out by occupants. Do.
Put out by firemen. Put out by occupants.
TOTAL......
$
1,708.00
437
*
7
No. 1906
HONGKONG.
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF VICTORIA GAOL, FOR THE YEAR 1905.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
The numbers of prisoners received into prison during the year and the corresponding numbers for the year 1904 were as follows:-
1905.
1904.
Convicted by the Ordinary Courts,
5,258
6,471
Convicted by the Courts Martial,
64
95
Debtors,
49
64
On remand or in default of finding surety,.
856
834
Total,...
6,227
7,464
There was thus a decrease of 1,237 on the total number of admissions. as compared with the previous year.
2. The number of convictions from the New Territory was 169, against 80 for the pre-
vious year.
3. The following Table shows the number of convicts confined in Victoria Gaol on the 31st December, for the past ten years :-
Year.
No. of Convicts.
Percentage to Estimated Population.
Year.
No. of Convicts.
Percentage to Estimated Population.
1896,
40
.016
1901,
180
.059
1897,
51
.020
1902,
215
.068
1898,
55
-.021
1903,
245
.075
1899,
96
.037
1904,
243
.067
1900,
141
.053
1905,
216
.057
4. The number of prisoners admitted to the prison in 1905 for offences not of a criminal nature was 3,383, made up as follows:-
Convicted by Courts Martial,.
>>
under the Opium Ordinance,
64
1,397
22
Gambling Ordinance,
342
""
Market Ordinance,
288
""
Arms Ordinance,
19
Vehicle Ordinance,
85
""
17
""
Sanitary Bye-laws,
141
""
""
Harbour Regulations,
68
for Drunkenness,
74
27
Trespassing...
47
Disorderly Conduct,
270
>>
""
Vagrancy,
52
Contempt of Court,.
5
""
""
Assault,
20.6
""
""
Obstruction,
124
""
""
Cutting trees,
36
Fighting,.
250
57
12
Mendicancy,
5
Total,......
3,383
58
5. The following Table shows the number of prisoners committed to prison without the option of fine and in default of payment of fine :--
In default of payment of fine.
Without option of fine.
Served the imprisonment.
Paid full fine.
fine.
Total.
Paid part
1,988
837
719
5,322
1,778
6. There were 13 deaths from natural causes, 3 executions and 2 births in the prison.
7. 83 juveniles were admitted into prison, 35 of whom were sentenced to be whipped in addition to various terms of imprisonment varying from twenty-four hours' detention to one month's imprisonment with hard labour.
8. The percentage of convicted prisoners admitted to prison with previous convictions recorded against them was 8.50, as compared with 12.26 for the year 1904.
9. There were 1,029 punishments awarded for breaches of prison discipline being an average of 1.47 per prisoner, against 798 in the preceding year, and seven prisoners were sentenced to be whipped with the birch by the Assistant Superintendent and one with the cat-o'-nine-tails by order of the same Officer in conjunction with a Justice of the Peace.
10. The following Table shows the daily number of prisoners undergoing imprisonment during the past ten years and the percentage borne by this number to the estimated population of the Colony of Hongkong :—
Year.
Estimated Population.
Daily Average number of Prisoners.
Percentage.
1896,
239,419
514
•214
1897,.
248,710
462
•185
1898,.
254,400
511
•200
1899
259,312
432:
•166
1900,
262,678
486
•185
1901,
300,660
499
•165
1902,
311,824
576
•184
1903,
325,631
653
•200
··
1904, 1905,
361,206
726
•201
"...
377,850
697
•184
11. The Home system of registering prisoners on their admission to prison was intro- duced on the 1st January, 1905, and is working well.
12. The complete separation of first offenders from habitual criminals has been observed during the year.
13. The site for a new prison at Kowloon has been selected and the sum of $40,000 towards erecting the same has been included in the Estimates for the current year.
14. In accordance with directions issued by His Excellency the Governor on his visit to the Victoria Gaol on the 20th September, 1904, louver roofs have been added to A. and B. Halls by the Public Works Department.
3
59
15. All minor repairs to the prison have been carried out by prison labour. The fol- lowing new works have also been done by the prisoners :-(a.) Additional work-room built off the printer's shop on columns; (b.) Surface of the lower yard concreted; (c.) Five baths for prisoners erected and a new clothing store fitted up in connection with the reception room; (d.) The old clothing store converted into a room for solicitors; (e.) Sun-shades fixed to the Clerks' Office window; (f.) A water-closet built for shoemakers.
16. The industrial activity referred to in my previous annual reports continues and no efforts have been spared to keep prisoners employed in productive forms of labour.
17. The Sanitary condition of the prisons is good.
18. The appliances for use in cases of fire are sufficient and in good working order.
19. The conduct of the staff throughout the year has been good.
20. The usual Returns are appended.
6th December, 1905.
F. J. BADELEY,
Superintendent.
:
Table I.
RETURN OF OFFENCES PUNISHED BY FLOGGING, IN THE YEAR 1905.
Number of Floggings awarded.
Number of Strokes awarded in each case.
By Prison Authorities.
By Courts.
Date.
Daily.
Total.
average.
By the As-
By the As-
sistant
sistant
Superin-
By
Superintendent and
tendent. a Justice
of the Peace.
Judge.
By
Magistrate.
January,
February,
691
2
683
...
March,
700
1
...
April,
June,
736
...
May,...
711
780
July,
738
August,
726
September,
717
...
October,
671
1
November,
617
December,
598
...
Total,..
...
4
6
9
11
...
7
...
0123o
11
17
...
2
10
6
8
3
...
1
5
7
...
6
6
5
7
...
16
17
...
3
4
...
:
འ ལ ང
3
4
3
1
1
...
...
...
со
8
10
12
20
21
24
...
...
3
20 2
Total.
11
...
6
17
6
10
2
1
1
1
8
3
6
...
...
7
6
...
1
6
7
...
1
15
3
1
...
17
4
1
1
4
3
...
...
1
1
20
72
100
4
12
64
1
19
...
...
100
60
61
Table II.
Return of Offences reported of prisoners fighting with or assaulting each other or Officers, for the years 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, and 1905.
Daily average Daily average
1901.
1902.
Mouths.
number
number
1903. Daily average number
1904. Daily average
number
in Prison, 499.
in Prison, 576. | in Prison, 653. in Prison, 725.
1905. Daily average number in Prison, 697.
January,
!
5
1
February,
1
12
March,.......
7
:
10
3
4
April,
1
10
10
:
May,
2
دت
2
June,
1
2
July,
6
2
1
August,
8
مهر
4
I
September,
1
00
2
October,
7
00
6
4
6
November,
I
1
December,
CO
10
3
1
5
Total,.
28
64
56
24
22
Table III,
Return of Offences of prisoners having Tobacco, for the years 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904 and 1905.
Mouths.
1901.
Daily average number
1902. Daily average number
1903. Daily average number
1904. Daily average number
in Prison, 499. | in Prison, 576.
in Prison, 653. in Prison, 725.
1905. Daily average number
in Prison, 697.
January,.
February,
3
1
2
March...
April,
N
1
1
May,
1
1
June,
1
4
:
July,
2
2
August,
2
4
September,
3
N
October,
November,
1
10
December,
5
3
1
2
:
4
co
1
::
sought
4
2
1
Total,......
24
22
12
24
17
CO
3
N
A
62
Table IV.
Return of Reports for talking, idling, short oakum picking, &c., for the
years 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904 and 1905.
1901.
Month.
Daily average
1902. Daily average
number
number
1903. Daily average number
1904. Daily average
1905. Daily average.
in Prisou, 499.
in Prison, 576. in Prison, 653.
number in Prison, 725.
number in Prison, 697.
January,
164
117
February,
126
76
88888
89
49
80
80
38
60
March,
127
113
103
61
59
April,
214
134
87
33
88
May,
224
63
82
56
100
June,
124
88
77
42
102
July,
162
105
100
44
82
August,
166
92
88
40
84
September,
140
114
138
44
97
October,
162
133
163
18
November,
156
101
142
30
338
88
70
B
December,
54
98
161
55
80
Total,...
1,819
1,234
1,280
540
990
Table V.
Return showing the Expenditure and Income for the
year
1905.
Expenditure.
Amount.
Income.
Amount.
C.
C.
Pay and Allowance of Officers including
uniforms, &c.,...................
Earnings of prisoners,
37,272.15
75,902.47
Victualling of prisoners,
20,351.84
Paid by Military for subsistence of Mili-
tary prisoners,
919.80
Fuel, light, soap and dry earth,
9,784.51 Paid by Navy for subsistence of Naval
prisoners,
471.00.
Clothing of prisoners, bedding, furniture,
&c.,
4,649.01 Debtors' subsistence,
450.25
Weihaiwei prisoners' subsistence,.
195.00
Vagrants' subsistence,
108.80
Waste food sold,.......
27.50
Total,
..$ 110,687.83
Actual cost of prisoners' maintenance,...... 71,243.33
Total,
Average Annual cost per prisoner, $102.21.
.$110,687.83
Table VI.
RETURN SHOWING VALUE OF INDUSTRIAL LABOUR, FOR THE YEAR 1905.
63
1
2
3
4
Value of Stock) on hand on
Value
Nature of Industry.
January 1st,
1905.
of
Material
purchased.
Total Dr.
Value of
Articles
manufactured
or work
done
for payment.
5
Value of Arti- cles manufac-
6
7
Value of
Stock
tured or work
on
Total Cr.
done for Gaol
and other
hand on
Departments.
December 31st,
1905.
8
Value
of Earnings
(Difference
between
Columns
7 and 3.
Oakum,
$ C.
2,463.75
$ C.
1,287.42
$
C.
$ C.
S
$
3,751.17
2,114.16
Coir,
Net-making,
Tailoring,.....
Rattan-work,
Tin-smithing,
Carpentering,
Grass-matting,
Shoe-making, ...
Laundry,..
419.01
1,355.67
1,774.68
3,322.52
69.85
2,812.20
100.00
$ c.
4,926.36
$
C.
1,175.19
3,492.37
1,717.69
20.91
79.36
100.27
361.71
10.00
18.70
390.41
290.14
151.38
137.64
289.02
199.85
482.57
100.00
782.42
493.40
6.82
32.74
39.56
60.77
34.80
11.85
107.42
67.86
10.26
54.02
64.28
140.85
392.02
9.00
541.87
477.59
213 36
444.16
657.52
123.36
221.89
354.40
699.65
42.13
3.00
3.00
1.20
2.20
3.40
0.40
335.10
1,736.87
2,071.97
248.94
3,891.70
349.17
4,489.81
2,417.84
:
17.00
1,097.16
1,114.16
...
13,105.62
5.00
13,110.62
11,996.46
Printing and Bookbinding,.
Totals,
1,845.36
11,367.60
13,212.96
151.34
27,553.95
4,101.12
31,806.41
18,593.45
5,485.95
17,592.64 23,078.59
6,724.70
45,762.40
7,863.64
60,350.74
37,272.15
64
Table VII.
Return showing value of articles manufactured or work done for which payment has been received or for which accounts have been rendered, during the year 1905.
Department.
Description of Articles.
Amount.
Total.
$
C.
C.
Oakum,
By 21,059 lbs. Oakum at 10 cents per lb.,
Making sword matting,
2,105.98
8.18
2,114.16
Coir,
Mats sold 3,937 lbs. at 20 cents per lb.,
787.56
""
Matting sold 12,662 lbs. at 20 cents per lb.,
,, Matting repaired,
2,532.46
2.50
3,322.52
Net-making,
>>
24 Tennis nets at avr. $8.47 cents each,
203.41
59
13 Boundary nets 6,270 sq. ft. at 2 cents,
156.75
29
Repairs, etc.,
1.55
361.71
Tailoring,
Articles made and repairs for Gaol Officers,
199.85
199.85
Rattan-work,.............
27
18 Chairs ratianed,....
5.25
Various,
55.52
60.77
Carpentering,
""
Articles made,.
119.31
,,Articles repaired,
4.05
123.36
Tinsmithing,
Articles made,.
36.35
110 cwts. old iron sold,
104.50
140.85
Grass-matting,
8 lbs. mats and matting at 12 cents,..
1.05
,, Repairs,
0.15
1.20
Shoemaking,
>>
9 pairs canvas boots at $2.60,
23.40
leather
>>
""
at $4.50,
22.50
4
canvas shoes at $2.45,
9.80
1 pair leather at $3.50,
"
3.50
""
3 pairs children's shoes at $2.00,
6.00
>;
Repairs, etc.,
138.30
Leather,
45.44
Printing and Book-
binding,
248.94
"
Printing,
42.72
,, Book-binding,
108.62
151.34
Paid into Bank during 1905, which
sum includes
6,724.70
$254.87 for work executed in 1904,
6,439.17
Value of work executed during 1905 for which pay-
ment was deferred to 1906,
540.40
*
65
Table VIII.
Return showing the value of articles manufactured or work done on account of the Gaol and other Departments, during the year 1905.
Industry.
Department.
Value.
Remarks.
Coir,
Net-making,
Gaol, Police, Gaol,
Tailoring,
"
Rattan Work,
སན
Tinsmithing,
Police, Gaol,
9.00
Carpentering,
Grass Matting, Shoemaking,
Police,
Gaol, Police,
""
392.02 140.24 81.65
Nil.
512.80
212.50
Fire Brigade,
326.50
Sanitary Dept.,
2,839.90
Laundry,..
Gaol,
2,187.96
C.
39.85 Mats, matting and brushes at 20 cents per Ib. 30.00
10.00
482.57 Clothing and repairs and bedding for Gaol at fixed
scale.
25.80 | Various. Cost of material plus percentage.
Various.
Fixed scale.
Various. Partly fixed scale, partly cost of material'
plus percentage.
Boots and shoes made and repaired at fixed scale
of prices.
Officers' washing— 72,932 pieces at 3 cents.
7,002.24
Prisoners'
">
Govt. Civil Hospital,
3,792.30
G. C. H.
Police Department.
Printing & Bookbinding.. Sec Table IX, ....
27,553.95
123.12
Police
--233,408
""
-126,410
>>
4,104
""
$ 45,762:40
Table IX.
Return showing the value of work performed in the Printing Department on account of the
Guol and other Departments, during the year 1905.
Department.
No of forms No of books
printed.
bound.
Printing.
Bookbinding.
Total.
C.
C.
C.
Government House,
3,050
15
27.50
9.70
37.20
Colonial Secretary's Office,
53,807
232
737.26
134.15
871.40
Registrar General's Office,
115,957
921
1,111.80
217.75
1,329.55
Public Works Department,
271,889
1,257
1,753.70
413.40
2,167.10
Harbour Department,..
304,281
1,174
2,217.00
338.80
2,555.80
Treasury,
145,565
772
1,092.90
177.25
1,270.15
Sanitary Board,
791,612
3.506
4,301.40
666.55
4,967.95
General Post Office,
1,005,996
2,064
4,974.85
548.95
5,523.80
Police Department,..
478,296
1,690
2,892.85
589.45
3,482.30
Magistracy,....
72,205
65
525.40
56.35
581.75
Government Civil Hospital,
126,904
247
755.60
179.50
935.10
Supreme Court,
32,122
111
326.90
144.60
471.50
Land Court,
27,200
67
194.50
72.90
267.10
Land Office,...
41,828
308
315.10
196.10
511.20
Botanical & Afforestation Department,
20,990
218
134.70
62.90
197.60
Bacteriological Department,
200
2.00
2.00
Prison Department,
62,463
142
596.00
120.75
716.75
Queen's College,
2,279
84
28.50
11.70
40.20
Education Department,
2 ),503
61
173.20
38.25
211.45
Audit Department,.
1,100
5
17.50
5.50
23.00
Stamp Office,
57,100
22
328.00
9.80
337.80
Assessor's Office,
2,02.5
23
40.50
22.70
63.20
Magistracy, Tai Po,
6,450
5
91.50
8.20
99.70
Land Office, Tai Po,
47,950
281
375.50
225.60
601.10
Health Officer's Office,
3,100
24.50
24.50
Observatory,
634
4
17.00
3.80
20.80
Attorney General's Office,.
1,350
21
23.00
37.00
60.00
Crown Solicitor's Office,
5,650
5
45.00
3.60
48.60
Hongkong Volunteer Corps,...
12,745
32
123.50
11.55
135.05
Total,
3,718,551
13,282
23,247.15
4,306.80
27,553.95
**
66
Table X.
Return showing the Employment of Prisoners and the Value of their Labour,
during the year 1905.
Description of Employment.
SUNDAYS, CHRISTMAS DAY AND GOOD FRIDAY:-
Cooking,
Cleaning,
Non-productive,
Totals,.....
Daily Average number of Prisoners.
Value of Prisou Labour.
Males.
Females.
Total.
$
C.
13
13
84.21
29
30
162.00
654
654
696
1
697
OTHER DAYS :-
Debtors, Remand, Ou punishment, Sick, -
80
80
Crank, Shot, Shot and Stone,
160
160
In Manufactories :-
Bookbinding,
40
40
1,860.00
Printing,
39
39
1,813.50
Printing, labourers,
39
38
1,178.00
Kuitting,.
~
31.00
Oakum Picking,
109
6
115
713.00
Coir Matting,
42
42
1,302.00
Shoemaking,
20
20
744.00
Tailoring,
15
2
17
790.50
Netmaking, String Making, and Ship's
fender making,
12
12
186.00
In Building :-
Bricklaying,
Carpentering and Fitting, .
Painting,......
21
3
In Service of the Prison :—
Laundry,....
Cooking,
Cleaning,.....
White-washing,
:
:
4
186.00
21
1,041.60
93.00
48
9
57
2,650.00
13
13
485.16
29
1
30
930.00
124.00
Totals,...
677
20
697
14,874.00
67
Table XI.
Return showing the Basis upon which the Value of Earnings of Prisoners is calculated.
In Manufactorie :
Bookbinding,
Printing,..........
Printer's Labourers,
Knitting,
Oakum picking, ·
Coir Matting,....
Shoemaking,
Tailoring,
Net-making, string and fender making,
In Building:
Bricklaying,
Carpentering and Fitting,.....
Painting,
In Service of the Prison:
Laundry,
Cooking,
Cleaning,
Whitewashing,
ment.
Table XII.
Retw`n showing the Changes in the Gaol Staff*, during the year 1905.
Establish-
Resigned Voluntarily.
Pensioned.
Died.
Transferred.
pensed with.
Service dis-
Europeans,
Indians,
心
34
65
9
1
*This does not include the Superintendent, Assistant Superintendent or Clerical Staff.
#
Dismissed.
RATE.
15 cents per diem.
15
10
5
""
2
"
10
15
12
13
22
3
17
15
19
. 16
10
,
15
12
72
10
10
"
Total No of
Changes, &c.
+
8
3
16
">
No. 1906
12
HONGKONG.
REPORT OF THE HARBOUR MASTER FOR THE YEAR 1905.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
HARBOUR DEPARTMENT,
HONGKONG, 28th February, 1906.
1. Shipping.
2. Trade.
3. Revenue.
4. Steam-launches.
5. Emigration.
6. Registry of Shipping.
CONTENTS.
7. Marine Magistrate's Court.
8. Marine Court.
9. Examination of Masters, Mates and Engineers.
10. Examination of Pilots.
11. Sunday Working Cargo.
12. New Territory.
TABLES.
I. Number, Tonnage, Crews and Cargoes of Vessels entered. II. Number, Tonnage, Crews and Cargoes of Vessels cleared.
III. Number, Tonnage, Crews and Cargoes of Vessels entered at each Port. IV. Number, Tonnage, Crews and Cargoes of Vessels cleared at each Port.
V. Number, Tonnage, Crews and Cargoes of Vessels of each Nation entered VI. Number, Tonnage, Crews and Cargoes of Vessels of each Nation cleared. VII. Junks entered from China and Macao.
VIII. Junks cleared for China and Macao..
IX. Total number of Junks entered at each Port.
X. Total number of Junks cleared at each Port.
.XI. Junks (local trade) entered.
XII. Junks (local trade) cleared.
XIII. Summary of arrivals and departures of all vessels.
XIV. Statement of Revenue collected.
XV. Licensed Steam-launches entered.
XVI. Licensed Steam-launches cleared.
XVII. Chinese Passenger Ships cleared by the Emigration Officer (Summary). XVIII. Vessels bringing Chinese Passengers to Hongkong from places out of China
(Summary).
XIX. Vessels registered.
XX. Vessels struck off the Register.
XXI. Marine Magistrate's Court.
XXII. Diagram of Tonnage of Vessels entered,
APPENDICES.
A. Report on Mercantile Marine Office.
B. Report on Import and Export Office. C. Report on Marine Surveyor's Office. D. Report on Gunpowder Depôt.
E. Report on Lighthouses.
F
190
1.--SHIPPING.
The total Tonnage entering and clearing at Ports of the Colony during the year 1905 amounted to 34,185,091 tons, being an increase, compared with 1904, of 622,305 tons, and the highest tonnage yet recorded.
tons.
There were 227,909 arrivals of 17,142,393 tons, and 224,849 departures of 17,042,698
Of British Ocean-going vessels 3,839,050 tons entered, and 3,833,274 tons cleared. Of Foreign Ocean-going vessels 2,917,550 tons entere:1, and 2,903,235 tons cleared. Of British River steamers 2,776,982 tons entered, and 2,777,040 tons cleared.
Of Foreign River steamers 329,743 tons entered, and 329,854 tons cleared.
Of Steamships under 60 tons trading to Ports outside the waters of the Colony 35,724 tons entered, and 35,724 tons cleared.*
Of Junks in Foreign Trade 1,428,966 tons entered, and 1,446,474 tons cleared.
Of Steamships under 60 tons plying within the waters of the Colony 4,622,661 tons entered, and 4,546,651 tons cleared.*+
Of Junks in Local Trade 1,191,717 tons entered and 1,170,446 tons cleared.
Thus:-
British Ocean-going vessels represented
Foreign Ocean-going vessels represented British River steamers represented
Foreign River steamers represented
...
*
Steamships under 60 tons, Foreign Trade, represented..... Junks in Foreign Trade represented
Steamships under 60 tons, Local Trade, represented Junks in Local Trade represented
22.4%
17.0%
16.2%
2.0%
0.2 %
8.4%
26.8%
7.0 %
100.0
2. Eight thousand one hundred and thirty-three (8,133) steamers, 22 sailing ships, and 900 steamships under 60 tons in foreign trade, entered during the year, giving a daily aver- age entry of 24.81, as compared with 23.25 in 1904. If the figures for foreign trade Junks are added, the daily average would be 70.5, as against 70 in 1904.
3. A comparison between the years 1904 and 1905 is given in the following table:-
1904.
1905.
Increase.
Decrease.
Ships. Tonnage. Ships. Tonnage. Ships. Tonnage. Ships. Tonnage.
British Ocean-
going,
Foreign Ocean- i
4,818
3,696
7,708,734 | 3,995 | 7,672,824
323 36,410
going,
5.350.847 3,845 | 5,820,785 149 469,938
British River
5,872 | 5,697,360| 7,188
5,554,022 | 1,616
143,338
Steamers,
Foreign kiver
1,036
470,371 975
659,597
Steamers,
189,226 GI
S'ships under 60
tons (Foreign
2,051
105,781 | 1,800
71,448
254 34,336
Trade),
:
2,776 196,830
Junks in Foreign 36,251 3,072,270 |33,475 || 2,875,440
Trade,
Total,.
Steam launches
plying in the Colony,
Junks in Local
Trade,
53,227 | 22,405,366 (51,578 | 22,653,616 1,765 || 659,164| 3,414| 410,914,
*
307,502 8,808,744 337,913 9,169.312 30,411 | 360,568
|-
[62,9652,348,676 63,267 || 2,362,163 302 13.187
Grand Total,... 423 634 | 33,562,780 | 452,758 | 34,185,091 32,478 1,033,219 3,414 | 410,914
NET,
(29,064 622,305
*
Including 32,424 Conservancy and Dust Boats of 1.176.625 tons.
† Including 32.424 Conservancy and Dust Boats of 1,176,625 tons.
* These figues do not include private Steam-launches.
†These figures are incomplete, as the "Star" Ferry Company's craft are not included, the Company stating that no record is kept of the nunkber of trips made, or passengers carried, by their vessels.
i
191
4. For Ocean vessels under the British Flag, this Table shows a decrease of 320 ships of 36,410 tons. This decrease loses any significance it may at first sight appear to possess when viewed in conjunction with my report for 1904, where an increase appears of 352 ships of 930,300 tons, which is shown to be practically due to special circumstances connected with the late war. These special circumstances being removed with the advent of the Baltic Fleet in Far Eastern waters in April, 1905, the shipping tended to return to its normal state, and we are left with a net increase over the figures for 1903 (neglecting those for 1904) of 32 ships of 893,890 tons. This seems to show a continuance of the general increase in size of British ships trading to the Far East.
In British River Steamers there is an increase shown of 1,616 ships, which is due to the additional small steamers put on to the West River run, and to two small craft plying be- tween here and Mirs Bay, which have been treated as River steamers, though they do not strictly satisfy the definition. The decrease in tonnage, of 143,338 tons, is accounted for by the fact that three moderate sized vessels were taken off the run early in the year, and
much smaller craft substituted.
For Foreign Ocean Vessels an increase of 149 ships of 469,938 tons is shown. Here, again, reference to my 1904 report is necessary in order to properly appreciate the signifi- cance of the figures. During that year, on account of the war, there was the enormous decrease, of 1,149 ships of 1,910,589 tons, of which Japanese shipping accounted for 834 ships of 1,809,000 tons. The causes militating against the employment of Japanese ships were not removed until late in 1905, indeed, they are not completely removed even now, so that the increase now shown is but the partial restoration to normal conditions, and should really be read as a net decrease, on the figures for 1903, of 1,000 ships of 1,440,951 tons.
In Foreign River Steamers the decrease of 61 ships is due to the fact that two small Chinese vessels have become British, and the increase in tonnage to the more frequent run- ning of two moderate sized French Steamers.
The remaining increases and decreases do not present any points of importance, with the exception of the large increase in Steam-launches plying within the waters of the Colony, which affords good evidence of the enhanced internal traffic in the Colony.
5. The actual number of ships of European construction (exclusive of River Steamers and Steam-launches) entering during the year was 889, being 506 British and 383 Foreign.
These 889 ships entered 3,926 times and gave a total tonnage of 6,756,600 tons. Thus, compared with 1904, 4 more ships entered 81 less times, and gave a collective ton- nage increased by 212,890 tons.
Steamers.
No. of Times entered.
Total Tonnage.
Flag.
1904. | 1905. | 1904. 1905.
1904.
1905.
British,
498
490 2,151
Austrian,
13
10
32
1,983 3,843,3553,806,792 26 102,349 88,326
Belgian,
1
1
1
1
2,047
1,794
Chinese,
15
14
180
165
241,085
214,720
Danish,
4
7
13
18
26,817
24,206
Dutch,
9
10
44
35 $4,379
77,205
French,
36
39
238
207 234,977 288,911
German,
147
163
861
887 1,268,835 1,394,255
Italian,..
6
8
20
56 38,212 51,492
Japanese,.
30
10
51
29
114,951 34,573
Norwegian,
60
85
253
346
276,211
381,479
Portuguese,
Russian,
Spanish,
Swedish,
4524+
5
53
69
12,167
11,800
1
5
1
14,578
2,903
2
6,017
2
12
19
8,582
20,210
United States,
24
22
64
62
232,857
314,101
No Flag,.
1
1
2,500
Total,
859
867 3,981 3,904 6,509,919 6,712,767
192
.
Sailing Vessels.
No. of Times entered.
Total Tonnage.
Flag.
1904. 1905. 1904. 1905.
1904. 1905.
British,
11
16
11
16
19,447
32,258
Dutch,
1
1
84
...
French,
German.
Italian,.
Norwegian,
Sarawak,
United States,. No Flag,
2122141
3,444
1
1
47
2,193
994
...
1
1
3,651
1,338
: +
4
4
4
2,867
1,199
8,183
1
919
...
Total,
25
:
223
26
22
32,791 || 43,833
6. The 506 British Vessels carried 3,793 British Officers and 30 Foreign Officers, as follows:-
British,
Dutch,......
Norwegian,.
Swedish,
United States,
Total,
.3,793
2
1
1
26
3,823
Thus, the proportion of Foreign Officers serving in British Vessels was 0.99%, com- prising 4 nationalities. A decrease of 0.08%, with an increase in number of Officers borne, in a slightly decreased number of vessels.
The 383 Foreign vessels carried 2,895 Officers, of whom 119 were British, as follows:—
In Chinese vessels,
French
""
80
2
,, Japanese
91
22
""
United States vessels
29
Total,.......
119
Thus, 4.11% of the Officers serving in Foreign Vessels visiting the Port were of British nationality. A decrease of 2.51%, with a decrease in number of ships and of Officers borne
therein.
4
193
7. The 506 British Vessels carried, as crews, 30,983 British, 2,818 other Europeans, and 108,032 Asiatics; while the 383 Foreign vessels carried 1,219 British, 42,553 other Europeans, and 78,226 Asiatics.
Hence, in British Vessels:-
And in Foreign Vessels: -
21.8% of the crews were British.
1.0% of the crews were British.
1.9% 76.3%
""
Other Europeans. Asiatics.
34.9% 64.1%
,,
""
Other Europeans. Asiatics.
"}
""
This shows a growing tendency, when compared with previous years, for vessels to employ their own nationals to the exclusion of Asiatics and other Europeans.
2.-TRADE.
8. My opening remarks under this heading in my report for 1904 are as applicable now as then. The inaccuracy of these cargo returns is strikingly exemplified in the enormous increase shown in the import of sugar, which amounts to 106,091 tons, or an increase of 51.5%. From enquiries made, it appears that no such abnormal increase has taken place, and the explanation of the discrepancy is that the sugar returns, since the passing of the Sugar Convention Ordinance and the regulations made thereunder in June, 1905, (a period of only six months), have, perforce, been accurate, so that, apparently, double this amount of sugar has, in previous years, if reported at all, been reported as "General."
9. Under the heading Imports there appears a decrease of 280,888 tons, or 6.7 %. Though the general tendency is towards decrease in most of the items, there are substantial increases reported in Cotton, Hemp, and General Cargo, of 70.2%, 38.2%, and 1.9%, respec- tively, but it is difficult to say if these are genuine increases or no. Prominent among the
decreases are :-
Coal, 68,467 tons, or 5.9%. This is probably due to the cessation of maritime warlike operations.
Flour, 61,413 tons, or 52.9%. This appears to be due solely to the "boycott" of United States' goods.
Bulk Kerosene, 13,554 tons, or 23.8%. It seems that this is merely due to the fact that large cargoes which in previous years would have been landed here, have been carried on to other ports in the same bottoms, and hence come under the heading "Transit".
Case Kerosene, 26,186 tons, or 26%. This reduction, again, may be ascribed to the "boycott."
Liquid Fuel, 8,877 tons, or 91%. There would appear to be little demand here for this form of bunkering, hence this decrease.
Rice, 257,168 tons, or 31.2%. This, though a decrease on the figures for 1904, appears to represent merely a return to normal conditions after the enormous rice trade to the North during the earlier stages of the war.
10. An increase is reported of 263,492 tons in Transit Cargo.
11. The reports show a decrease of 262,160 tons in Export Cargo.
194
12. The total reported Import trade of the Port for 1905 amounted to 25,764 vessels of 11,328,015 tons, carrying 7,830,424 tons of cargo of which 4,415,006 tons were discharged at Hongkong. This does not include the number, tonnage, or cargo carried by vessels in Local Trade.
CARGO.
COUNTRY.
SHIPS.
TONS.
IMPORT.
TRANSIT.
CLASS I.
Canada,
27
78,014
8,242
Continent of Europe,
113
348,726
85,539
307,993
Great Britain,
214
595,753
225,440
879,872
Mauritius,...
2
1,818
2,600
North America,.
2,247
South Africa,
21,029
South America,
11,164
260
United States of America, .
120
484,467
177,914
164,051
488
1.543,218
499,995
1.351,918
CLASS II.
Australia and New Zealand,.
49
96,135
53,524
46,368
India and Straits Settlements,
277
641,991
438,968
411,693
Japan,
429
1,074,794
863,891
310,211
Java and Indian Archipelago,
140
234,611 303,848
115.017
North Pacific,
2
4,671
5,740
Russia-in-Asia,.
1
1,311
200
898 | 2,053,513
1,660,481
889.029
CLASS III.
North Borneo,
28 39,033
41,058
2.743
Coast of China,
1,453 | 2,017,179
464,596
1,030,768
Cochin-China,
181
219,989
236,212
77,546
Formosa,
58
54,321
10,847
5.000
Philippine Islands,
230
307,506
100,235
17,822
Hainan and Gulf of Tonkin,
237
219,269
162,184
1,600
Siam,......
255
274,561
391,423
38,316
Kwong-chow-wan,
57
14,100
4,615
266
Tsingtán,
822
800
Weihaiwei,
3
4,562
280
280
Macao,
37
8,527
3,150
130
2,540 3,159,869
1,414,900 1,174,471
CLASS IV.
River Steamers,
4,229 3,106.725
· 294,425
CLASS V.
900
35,724
1,733
Steam-ships under 60 tons,
CLASS VI.
TOTAL,
16,709 1,428,965 543,522
25,764 11,328,015|4,415,006 | 3,415,418
}
Junks,
195
www.
13. Similarly, the Export trade of the Port was represented by 25,814 vessels of 11,325,601 tons, carrying 3,011,305 tons of cargo, and shipping 651,523 tons of Bunker Coal.
CARGO.
COUNTRY.
SHIPS. TONS.
Export.
Bunker Coal.
CLASS I.
Canada,
Continent of Europe,
Great Britain,
9383
49 232,681
92,167
23
83,003
11,173
5,180
66
225,677
73,957
2,665
Mauritius,
North America,
1
966
800
730
:
South Africa,
5
15,960
3,600
1,787
South America,
2
4,494
35
4,000
United States of America,
46
147,813
69,402
1,050
192
710,594
251,134
15,412
CLASS II.
Australia and New Zealand,.
33
74,636
7,606
7,930
India and Straits Settlements,
327
826,986
264,370
61,529
Japan,
438
986,584
305,428
52,961
Java and Indian Archipelago,
97
202,716
39,367
15,799
North Pacific,
Russia-in-Asia,.
5
6,202
1,330
South Pacific,
18
30,842
3,283
3,193
918
2,127,966
620,051
142,742
CLASS III.
Kwong-chow-wan,
127
42,683
14,546
9,419
North Borneo,
13
17,991
2,814
4,410
Coast of China,.
1,752 | 2,781,197
913,921
258,205
Cochin-China,
278
348,193
64,539
58,638
Formosa,
35
38,348
16,023
2,780
Hainan and Gulf of Tonkin,...
135
96,612
50,420
17.621
Kiaochow,......
7
12,442
4,100
820
Macao,
89
67,325
2,631
651
Philippine Islands,
218
328,094
157,171
41,730
Siam,
149
173,937
32,199
38,941
Weihaiwei,
1
1,127
1,500
165
2,804 3,897,949
1,259,864
433,380
CLASS IV.
River Steamers,
4,234 3,106,894 212,649
57,535
CLASS V.
Steamships under 60 tons,
CLASS VI.
900 35,724
2,500
2,454
Junks,
16,766 1,446,474 665,104
...
TOTAL...
25,814 11,325,601 3,011,305
651,523
I
14. During the year 1905, 16,303 vessels of European construction of 19,706,728 tons (net register), reported having carried 10,277,939 tons of cargo, as follows:-
Import Cargo
Export",
Transit
""
Bunker Coal shipped
3,869,751 tons.
2,343,701
>>
3,415,418
:)
649,069
10,277,939 tons.
:
196
The total number of tons carried was, therefore, 52.15% of the total net register tonnage, (or 71.24% exclusive of River Steamers), and was apportioned as follows:-
Imports.
British Ocean-going Ships,
•
Foreign
72
""
>>
British River Steamers,
Foreign
""
>>
1,952,778
1,622,348
249,449
44,976
3,869,751
Exports.
British Ocean-going Ships,
1,221,530
Fogeign
""
>>
">
909,522
British River Steamers,
179,051
Foreign
33,598
2,343,701
Transit.
British Ocean-going Ships,
2,335,795
Foreign
1,079,623
"}
3,415,418
Bunker Coal.
British Ocean-going Ships,
255,801
Foreign
335,733
""
""
"}
British River Steamers,
48,057
Foreign
9,478
>>
649,069
Grand Total,
10,277,939
15. The number and tonnage of European constructed vessels importing cargo as tabulated and in transit compared with the previous year was as follows :—
1901.
1905.
Increase.
Decrease.
No.
Tonnage. No. Tonnage. No. Tonnage. No. Tonnage.
Steamers,
3,981 | 6,509,9193,904 | 6,712,767
202,848 77
River Steamers,...... 3,454 3,085,040 4,229 3,106,725
| || 775
Sailing Vessels, ...... 26 32,791 22 43,833
21,685
11,042
4
Total,..... 7,461
7,4619,627,750 |8,155 | 9,863,325
775
235,575
81
Nett,
694
235,575
Imported tons,
4,150,639
3,869,751
197
As follows:
Articles.
1904.
1905.
Increase.
Decrease.
Beans,..
750
2.113
1,363
...
Bones...
400
Coal,
1,152,454
1,083,987
400 68,467
Cotton Yarn and Cotton,
19,350
32,949
13,599
• Flour,
115,921
54,508
61,413
Hemp,..
19,382
26,784
7,402
Kerosine (bulk),
56,965
43,411
13,554
(case),
100,692
74,506
26.186
Lead,
3,563
800
2,763
Opium,
2,955
2.983
28
Liquid Fuel
9,727
850
8.877
Rattan,
5,080
3,430
1,650
Rice,.
823,339
566 71
257,168
Sandalwood,
Sulphur,
3,300 187
3,386
86
187
Sugar,
205,696
311,787
106,091
Tea.....
Timber,.
General,
900
900
66,200
66,324
124
1,564,678
1,594,862
30,184
Total,
4,150,639
3,869,751
159,777
440,665
Transit,
3,151,926
3,415,418
263,492
Grand Total,
7,302,565
7,285,169
423,269
440,665
Nett,.........
17,396
16. The number and tonnage of European constructed vessels exporting cargo as totalled and bunker coal compared with the previous year was as follows:-
1904.
1905.
Increase.
Decrease.
No.
Tonnage. No.
Tonnage. No. Tonnage. No. Tonnage.
Steamers,
River Steamers,
Sailing Vessels,.
3,983 | 6,483,835 | 3,893 3,454 | 3,082,691 | 4,234 24 33,036 21
6,694.479 3,106,894 42,030
210,644 90
780
24,203
8,994
3
Total,
7,461 9,599,562 8,148 | 9,843,403
780
243,841
93
Nett,...... 687
243,841
Exported tons,
2,605,861
2,343,701
Strs.
Bunker Coal.
Strs.
Bunker
Coal.
Bunker
Strs.
Strs.
Coal.
Bunker Coal.
Steamers,
3,983
River Steamers,. 3,454
615,208 3,893 591,534
49,210 | 4,234
90
23,674
57,535 780
8,325
Total,... 7,437
664,418 8,127 649,069 780
8,325
90
23,674
Nett,..
690
15,349
སྙ
198
17. The river trade in Imports, Exports and Passengers compared with the previous year was as follows:-
1904,.
1905,
Year.
Imports.
Exports.
Passengers.
294,216
209,534
2,231,586
294,425
212,649
2,673,202
18. The following shows the junk trade of the Colony for the
IMPORTS.
year.
.16,709 junks measuring, ......1,428,966 tons. ......31,694
99
Foreign Trade, Local Trade,
Total,
.48,403
""
"
دو
...... 1,191,717
..2,620,683
19
Imported, 862,459 tous as under :—
Tea,
Fire Crackers,.................
Oil, Vegetable,
Rice,.....
Cattle, (7,278),
Swine, (20,299),
Earth and Stones, General,
Foreign Trade,
Total,
EXPORTS.
1,609 tons.
3,143 ""
548
52
25
743
""
1,201
""
336,956
""
318,202
862,459
""
16,766 junks measuring, ......1,446,474 tons.
Local Trade,
...
31,573
""
""
......1,170,446
""
Total,
... 48,339
..2,616,920
دو
""
Exported, 721,591 tons as under:
Kerosine, (530,425 cases),
Rice and Paddy,
Earth and Stones,
General,
Total,....
18,914 tons.
205,885
178,713
""
318,049
721,591
99
19. The Passenger and Emigrant returns show the figures as below which are compared with those of the previous year.
1904.
1905. Increase.
Decrease.
British Vessels, arrivals
Do.,
departures,.
Do.,
197,844 189,381
112,741
emigrants, . 51,390
103,281
:
48,289
8,463
9,460
3,101
Total,...... 361,975
340,951
Nett,
:
21,024
21,024
199
Continued.
PASSENGERS,-
1904.
1905.
Increase. Decrease.
Foreign Vessels, arrivals,...
91,352
Do.,
Do.,
100,874 9,522
departures,. 64,239 84,996 20,757
emigrants,. 24,914 16,052
7,862
Total,......
180,505 201,922
30,279
7,862
Nett,
22,417
River Steamers, arrivals,... 1,138,591 1,349,665
211,074
Do., departures,. 1,092,995 1,323,537
230,542
:
Total,..... 2,231,586 2,673,202
441,616
Nett,
441,616
Junks, Foreign Trade,
arrivals,...
43,192 41,867
1,325
Do.,
departures,. 42,155
45,934
3,779
1
Total,...... 85,347 87,801
3,779
1,325
Nett,
2,454
Total Arrivals,
1,470,979 1,689,015
218,066
""
Departures,...
1,312,130 | 1,565,909
253,779
2,783,109 | 3,254,954
76,304
471,845
..
64,341
11,963
39
Emigrants,
Total,.....
2,859,413 3,319,295 471,845 11,963
Nett... 459,882
Diff. of Arrivals and Dep., 158,849 124,136
Emigrants,
76,304
64,341
Remainder+or-
+ 82,545 + 59,795
Nett.......
Junks, Local Trade,
Do.,
79,066 65,274 arrivals,... S departures,... 79,508 71,986
13,792
7,522
Total,...
158,574 137,260
21,314
Nett,...
21,314
TOTAL.
20. The Number, Tonnage, Cargo, and Tassengers Carried, and Bunker Coal Shipped, by Ships of different Nationalities, during the year 1905 was as follows.
OCEAN VESSELS.
RIVER STEAMERS.
་
NATIONALITY.
Passengers.
Passengers.
Passengers.
No. of Register Ships.
Bunker
Tonnage.
Imports. Exports. Transit.
oal.
No, of Register Ships. Tonnage.
Imports. Exports. Transit.
Bunker
Coal,
o, of Register Ships. Tonnage.
Bunker
Imports. Exports. Transit.
Coal.
Arrived,
* Depart-
ed.
Arrived.
* Depart-
ed.
Arrived,
* Depart-
en.
British,
3,995 | 7,672,324 | 1,952,778 | 1,221,530
2,335,795
255,801 189,381 103,281
7,488 | 5,551,022 249,449 179,051
:
48,057 1,284,023 1,249,849
11,483 13 226,346 || 2,202,227 | 1,100,581 | 2,335,745
303,858 1,473,40 | 1,353,130
Austrian,
51
172.797
41,116
15,600
64.415
11,100
4,528
24
51
Belgian,
2
3.588
3 400
400
2
172,797
3,5-8
41,116
15,600
64 415
3,100
11,100
400
4,528
21
Chinese,
331
430,617
40 693
52800
$8.593
8,3:0
4,996
Danish,
36
48,412
12,450
1,900
16,075
31
4.484
24
233
47,789. 14,654
13,:98
2,300
5 1
478 356
55,347
66,098
68 593
10,649
4,996
4,181
36
48,412
40,693
1,90)
16 075
31
24
Dutch,
70
151,410
43,711
16.500
(8,291
1.800
115
90
70
151.4 0
12,450
16,70)
68,291
1,800
115
90
French,
415
562,530
01,747
47,520
93.968
51,060
10,664
9,468
586
583,783
18,622 19,750
6,859
€5,612 73,688
1,001
1,168,116
110,369
67,270
93,968
60,919
76,305
83,158
German,
1,772 ; 2,787,17
F73 754
493,596
564,511
212,2 6
61,423
59,826
1,772
2,786,513
878,754 493,596
564,511
212,208
61,423
59,326
Italian,
112
102 975
46,891
15,780
7,884
15,782
6.3 10
246
1:2
102,975
46,891
15,780
7,880
15,282
6,300
216
Japanese,
58
€9,146
19.698
184000
590
700
601
::
::
58
G9,146
19,698
18,000
590
700
604
Norwegian,
€87
756,766
864.137
168,180
127,393
28,800
7,688
6,793
657
757,965
364,137
168,480
127,393
28, 00
7,616
6,793
Portuguese,
136
23.250
2,500
2,334
30
1,800
300
216
156
25 272
11,700
550
310
292
48.431
27,792
2,884
30
2,110
300
216
Russian,.
2
5.8:16
5.000
2
5.806
5,000
Swedish,
37
$0,422
6.120
1,000
10.489
37
810
United States,
130
No Flag,
6
630,1:8
792
79,481
76,012 58,185
805
4,131
3,721
130
200
6
39,422
642,553
792
6,120
1,0 0
10,489
840
79,431
76,012
$8,995
805
4,131
3,721
800
200
Total Foreign,.
3,845 6,820,785 1,422,518
909,522 1,070,623 335,733 100,874
81,996
975 659,597
44,976 33,598
9,478
05,042 73,088
4,820
6,180,382 | 1,067,524 943,120 1,079,623
345,211
166,516
1:8,684
Total,
7,840 18,493,109 | 3,575,326
2,131,052 | 3,415,418
591,524 290,255
188,277
8,463 | 6,213,619
204,425 212,649
57,735 | 1,349,665 | 1,323,537 16,303 19,706,728 3,869,751 2,343,701 3,415,418
649,009 | 1,639,920 | 1,511,814
* Not including emigrants,
.
201
21. The following table summarises the foregoing information with regard to the trade of the Ports of Hongkong for the Year 1905.
TONS.
Passengers.
Emi-
No. of Ships.
Dis- charged.
Shipped.
In Transit.
Bunker Coal shipped.
Total.
Registered Tonnage.
grants.
Arrived.
Departed.
British Ocean-going, Foreign Ocean-going, British River Steamers, Foreign River Steamers,.
Total,.
Steam-ships under 60
tons Foreign Trade, ...
Junks Foreign Trade.
33,475 543,522 665,104
3,995 1,952,778 1,221.530
3,845 1,622,548
7,488 249.449
975 44,976
2,335.795 909.522 1,079,623 179.051 33,598
255,801 5,765,904
7,672,324 189,381
103,281
48,289
335.788 3,947,426
5,820,785
100,874
84,996
16,052
48,057
476,557
5,554,022
1,284,023
1,249,849
16,303 3,869,751 | 2.313,701 | 3,415,418
9,478 88,052
649,069 10,277,989 | 19,706,728
659,597
65,642
73,688 |
1,639,920
1,511,814
64,341
1,800
1,733
2,500
2,454
6,687
71,448
7,258
8,161
1.208.626 2,875,140
41.867
45,934
Total Foreign Trade,
51.578 | 4,415,000 | 3,011,305 | 3,415,418
651,523 11,493,252 | 22,653,616
1,689,045
1,565,909
64,341
Steam-Launches Local
Trade.
* 337,913
*
*
Junks, Local Trade,.
Total Local Trade,
63,267 318,937
401,180 318.937
56,487
56,487
375,424 2,362,163
25,895 401,319 11,531,475
25,895 25,895 |* 9,169,312 * 4,058,522 | * 3,873,470
65,274 71,986
4,123,796 3,945,456
Grand Total,.
452,758 | 4,733,943 | 3,067,792 | 3.415,418
677,418 11,894,571 | 34,185,091
5,812,841 5,511,365 64,341
*Not including "Star" Ferry Company's craft.
3. REVENUE.
22. The total Revenue collected by the Harbour Department during the year was $300,567.76, being a decrease of $366.19 on the previous year :-
1. Light Dues,
$74,233.45
2. Licences and Internal Revenue,
62,668.45
3. Fees of Court and Office,
163,665.86
Total,
$300,567.76
4.--STEAM-LAUNCHES.
23. On the 31st December, there were 276 Steam-launches employed in the Harbour, of these, 109 were licensed for the conveyance of passengers, 147 were privately owned, 15 were the property of the Government, and 5 belonged to the Imperial Government in charge of Military Authorities.
Twenty-three Master's Certificates were suspended, 4 for three months, 9 for two months, 8 for one month, 1 for six weeks and 1 for four weeks; two Masters were cautioned and discharged respectively.
Four hundred and forty-two (442) engagements, and four hundred and thirty-three (433) discharges of Masters and Engineers were made from 1st January to 31st December.
Eleven (11) Steam-launches were permitted to carry arms, etc., for their protection against pirates, of these, nine were previously permitted, and two during this
year.
5. EMIGRATION.
24. Sixty-four thousand three hundred and forty-one (64,341) emigrants left Hongkong for various places during the year, of these, 48,289 were carried by British Ships and 16,052 by Foreign Ships; 140,483 were reported as having been brought to Hongkong from places to which they had emigrated, and of these, 113,796 were brought in British Ships and 25,586 by Foreign Ships.
Returns No. XVIII and XIX will give the details of this branch of the Department.
=
202
6.-REGISTRY, &c., OF SHIPPING.
25. During the year, 17 ships were registered under the provisions of the Imperial Merchant Shipping Act, and 8 Certificates of Registry were cancelled.
The documents, &c., dealt with in connection with the Imperial Merchant Shipping Act were as follows:-
Number of Certificates of Registry granted,
17
Number of Certificates of Registry cancelled,
8
Number of Declarations of Ownership,
26
Number of endorsements on Certificates of Registry of
change of Masters,
53
Number of endorsements on Certificates of Registry of
change of Owners,
8
Number of Certificates of Sale recorded..........
2
Number of Mortgages recorded,
5
Number of Transfer of Mortgages recorded,
1
2
Number of Discharge of Mortgages recorded,
Number of endorsements on Register of change in Rig
Tonnage,
Number of Sales of ships recorded,.
Number of Desertions certified,
Number of examination of provisions,
Number of inspections of Registry,
6
11
220
1
16
Total Number of Documents, &c.,.
.376
The fees collected on these Documents, &c., amounted to $1,266.
7.-MARINE MAGISTRATE'S COURT.
26. Seventy-five (75) cases were heard in the Marine Magistrate's Court, refusal of duty on board ship and breach of Harbour Regulations were the principal offences.
8.-MARINE COURT.
(Under Section 19 of Ordinance No. 10 of 1899.)
27. The following Courts have been held during the year:-
1.). On the 27th April, inquiry into the circumstances connected with the stranding of the British Steamship "Kong Nam," Official No. 107,028 of Hongkong, on Cap Sing Island on the night of the 5th April. The Master's (HEATHFIELD CHARLES DALTON FRAMPTON) Certificate of Competency was returned to him.
(2.) On the 5th, 7th, 10th and 11th July, inquiry into the circumstances connected with the stranding of the British Ship "Travancore," Official No. 99,769 of Greenock, on Fo Kai Point on the 1st June, and charges of incompetency brought by the crew against the Master and Mate. The Master's (WILLIAM C. CHAMBERLIN) Certificate of Competency was sus- pended for nine months and a First Mate's Certificate issued to him during the period of suspension, the Chief Mate's (J. ROBERTS) Certificate as Master was suspended for three months.
ہے
203
9.--EXAMINATION OF MASTERS, MATES AND ENGINEERS.
28. The following Tables show the number of Candidates examined for Certificates of Competency, distinguishing those who were successful and those who failed
(Under Section 4 of Ordinance No 10 of 1899.)
Grade.
Passed.
Failed.
Master,
17
5
Master, River Steamer,
1
First Mate,
18
5
Only Mate,.......
Second Mate,.....
7
5
Total,.....
42
16
First Class Engineer,
Second Class Engineer,
3888
26
3
39
9
Total,..
65
12
(Under Section 37 s.s. (7) of Ordinance No. 10 of 1899.)
Candidates.
Passed.
Failed.
For Master,..
For Engineer,..
54
39
89
23
Total,..
143
62
10.-EXAMINATION OF PILOTS.
(Under Ordinance No. 3 of 1904.)
29. Twenty-two (22) examinations for Pilots' Certificates were held during the year, with the following results :-
European,
Chinese,
Candidates.
Total,.............
Passed.
Failed.
11
3
8
11
Twelve (12) Pilots' licences were issued to holders of Certificates, and two licences pre- viously issued were cancelled at the request of the licensees.
1
204
11.-SUNDAY CARGO WORKING.
(Ordinance No. 1 of 1899.)
30. During the year, 359 permits were issued, under the provisions of the Ordinance. Of these, 93 were not availed of owing to its being found unnecessary for the ship to work cargo on Sunday, and the fee paid for the permit was refunded in each case.
The revenue collected under this heading was $43,475; this was $5,850 more than in 1904.
The revenue collected each year since the Ordinance came into force is as follows:-
1892,
1893.
1894,
1895,
1896,
1897,
1898,
1899,
1900,
1901,
1902,
1903,
1904,
1905,
12.-NEW TERRITORY.
.$ 4,800
7,900
13,375
11,600
7,575
11,850
25,925
21,825
43,550
44,800
44,175
34,800
37,625
43,475
(Seventh Year of British Administration.)
31. The Station at the Island of Cheung Chau was opened in September, the one at Tai O in the Island of Lantau, in October of 1899, that at Tai Po in Mirs Bay, on board the Police steam-launch, in January, 1900, that in Deep Bay, on board the Police steam-launch, in November, 1901, that at Sai Kung in April, 1902, and that at Long Ket, on board the Police steam-launch, in April, 1905.
From 1st January to 31st December, 1905, 9,138 Licences, Clearances, Permits, &c., were issued at Cheung Chau, 3,937 at Tai 0, 6,284 at Tai Po, 4,177 at Deep Bay, 2,564 at Sai Kung and 3,297 at Long Ket.
The Revenue collected by the Harbour Department from the New Territory during 1905, was $18,421.95.
1
L. BARNES-LAWRENCE, Captain R.N.,
Harbour Master, &c.
*
NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, and CARGOES
WITH CARGOES.
BRITISH.
IN BALLAST.
A
COUNTRIES WHENCE ARRIVED.
Cargoes.
Vessels.
Tons. rews. Dis-
Vessels.
Tons. Crews. Vessels.
Tons. Cres.
charged Transit.
Australia and New Zealand,
36
69.582 2,471
42,715 33,890
1.822
69
37
71.404 9540
British North Borneo,...
Canada,
Coast of China,...
Cochin-China,
Continent of Europe,
Formosa,
Great Britain,
India and Straits Settlements,
6
9,343 400
14,250
6
9,343 34
27
78,014 6,005
8,242
27
78.014 6.005
631
94,539 3,792 145,733.
13
34,751
3,600 3,147,687 165,268 431,865 042,405 21.470 48,690
219 256,808 10.632 3,8193,404,495 175,00
927
31
64
95,466 33
845, 16.315'
13
34,754 345
10
9,267 611
2,730
10
188 556,933 10,480 207,866
Mauritius,.
North America,
North Pacific,
Japan,.....
Java and other Islands in the Indian Archipelago,.
Kwang-chan-wan,
Масао,
244
826,789 232 525,980 22.247 365,314 353,673 Jo12.258 207,700 79 146,444 4,823 194,919 50,362
729 546,221 35,999 56.295.
3 586
100
191
550
68
11
26,004
486
1
100
729
19 2671811 559.919 10,586.
233 526,530 22815 255 638,261 13,825 79 146,444 4823
546,221 35 99
2,247
€4
2,217 64
...
Philippine Islands,
Ports in Hainan and Gulf of Tonquin,
Russia in Asia,..................
2.384 184 246,678 13.159
32
5,740
1 $2.381
32
2,024 32
Siam,
South Africa,
South America,
sintau,
United States of America,
Wei-hai-wei,..
TOTAL.......
14,419
373
2,361
43
91.973 5,000
9,710 13,262
260
18,152
16,180,
650
195 262,803 13,309
358
48
3
2,882
80
:
21 029 8,803
421 268
14,419 21,025
11,164
#11
58 177.216 4,067
2
2,270 135
96,502 118,082
280
280
58 177.216| 1067 2 270
185
5,481 6,277,768; 284,121 2 202,227|2.335,795
260 338.264 12,843| 5,741,6,6-6,032|| 296064:
NUMBER, TONNAGE, ÛREWS, and CARGOi
WITH CARGOES.
BRITISH.
IN BALLAST.
TOTAL.
COUNTRIES TO WHICH DEPARTED.
Shipped.
Shipped.
Vessels.
Tons. Crews.
Cargoes.
Bunker Vessels.
Coal.
Tons.
Bunker Crews. Cual.
Vessels.
Tons. Crews.
Cargoes. Cuall
Bunker
Australia & New Zealand,
છે.
9,334 389 3,000
150
16
68,107 656
4,500,
British North Borneo,
12,631
Canada.
27
86,825
534 1,271 2,510 5.095 29,055
2.
8
47,441 1,045
12,631 534
3,000 1.2711
4,650
€2,850
Coast of China,
3,894 3,662 120 186,332
703.782 143.314
39
Cochin-China,
41 42,771 1,660
19,443
8,792
52,854 2.167, 57,919 1,635)
6,761 7,426
Continent of Europe,
Formosa,......
2,659 140
49
700
2,275 53
21
360
4 934
1
140
Great Britain,
64 221.001 5,528
India and Straits Settlements,
Japan,
73.957 2,665 174 426,209 20.089 218,568| 223) 554,663 12,545 118,888
Java and other Islands in the
Indian Archipelago,
15!
Kwang-chau-wall,.
3.
Kiauchow,
30,761 30,122
37,617 1,015 7,328, 1970
1.206 75 279
130 3 6,507 86
900
65 43
4.676 75 183,2.7 2.834
94,891 1.980|
45 102,414 1,840
27
86.825| 6,095 3.9383,714,474 18,499 75 100,690 3,295 102 21
19 443 16,12;
66 225,677 5 603 73.957
29 055
708.732 Tõu,076) |
7001
1003
$2,600
818
1,854
5,761
266 649,554 14,525
239 559,426 22,523 218,568|| $1,69 118,888 31,476
60 140,061 2,861
7,328
3 1,206
279
3'
6,507)
86
9001
Macao.
783 637,031 36,317| 26,165 8,385
783
637,081 30,817
20,16.|
8,337
Mauritius,
Philippine Islands,
188
266,730 13,079|| 148,128 37,535
Ports in Hainau & G. of Tonquin,
15,834 218
500
195
282 564 13.329 148,128)
8,085
175
218
25
175
Russia in Asia,..
1,513 57
460
1 513
57
430
Siam,
10
19 303 481
7,092
1,190
6,904 122
$50
13
26.207
70:9:
South Africa,..
15,960; 400
3,600
1,787
:
15,960
400
3,600
1.187
South America,
2.247 62
35
2,000
2,247
2.000;
4.454
62
: 35
4.00
South Pacific,.
2351
37
30
19.036
309
1,490
21.387 346:
30
140
United States of America, Wei-hai-wei,
63,569 1,175| 86,610
850
6.878,
8:3
70.247 1,263 36,610
1,127 72 1,500 163
1,127
1,506
TOTAL,
5,4746,078.814 285,100 1,400,581' 272 696'
268 586,500 12,043
31.162 5,7426,610,314 297,143|1,400,581 3033 12.
1
205
Table I.
NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, and CARGOES Vessels ENTERED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong from each Country for
BRITISH.
IN BALLAST.
FOREIGN.
WITH CARGOES.
TOTAL.
WITH CARGOES.
IN BALLAST.
Cargoes.
Cargors.
Cargoes.
Tons. Crews.
Dis-
Vessels. Tons. Crews. Vessels.
Tons. Ces
charged Transit.
*
1.822 69
927 31
3 586 550 26,004!
100 68 486)
69,582 2,471 42,715) 35,890
9,343 400 14,250 78,014 6,005 8,242 147,687| 165,268 431,865 642,405] 94,539 3,792 145,733 21.470
31,751 845 -16.315' 48,690
9,267 611 2,730 556,333 10,480 207,866 826,789 525,980) 22.247 365,314 353,673 20: 512.258 207,704] -146,444 4,823 194.919 50,562
219 256,808 10,632 3,8193,404,495 17900 431 S65 612,405 12.5741,952,003 173,123
37
27
Dis- charged Transit.
71:404 $540| 42.715 33,890 12
9,343 44 14,250 78.0148005 8,242
Vessels.
Tons. Crews.
Vessels.
Tons. Crews. Vossels.
Tous.
Dis- charged Transit
64
95,466 323 145,733
13
34,75445
10
546,221| 35,999 56,295,
100
729 546,221 35|99|
315 9 267 611 2.730 191 559.919 10586 207,866 826,789 233 526,530 22815 365,314 353.678 255 638,261 13825 512 258 207.700' 79 146,444 4823 194,919 50,562
55.295 100:
21,470 48,690
82,794 12,615
107) 112163| 5,255 99 810,151 9,055 44 40,103 1.635 35,531 619 89 107,827 3,462 169 428 782 10,190
CO 49 11,875 1,256 4,615 741
24,78 1,083 10,809 12,478 22 29,690 1,114 26,808 2,743
782.545 388.363 5,120
90,479 56.076 69 224 259,305)
12 24.73 22 29,69
579,465 66.912 17.694 2,582 06
10
1
12.360 341 117 124,62 3.821. 59: 100 318.97:
7,617 5.000 17,574
4
4,951 1590
45,05
58,083
23
35,83
73.604; 58.020
7,634
268
115,40
351,633
102,511
12,751
236
486,58
87,767 2,617 108.929!
64,455
266
400; 19 61 88,16
2,225 285 57 14,10
36.7211
30.
315
31,588 4,142 1,086; 114,35
1,818 59
2,600
1,81
2.384 32
5,740
246,673] 13.159:
$1.978 13,152 2,024 32 5,000
2
2,247
16,130 650 358 48
64
2,217 64
2.381 32
195
262,803, 13,309
3
2,382 80
91,973 5,000
5,740 13,152)
2,287
2,287
14,419 878 9,710 13,262
7
14.419 $78! 5,710
13,262
1 il 22.193! 582 229 210,198 9,172 1 1911 58 248 200,142 11,410
8,262 157,184
4.670
22.510
44,70
1,600
6,689
234
216,887
200.
I
1,31
381,713
25,054
248 260,14
6
21 029
421
21,025 21
2,361 43
260
8,803
268
5
14,164 $11
177,216 4,067 96,502 118,082
2,270 135
58 177,216 4,167
280
280
2
2 270 185
260)
$8,502 118,082 260 280
822
800
277,768| 284,121 2 202,227|2.335,795
62 307,251|| 8,903 81,412 45,969
260 338.264 12,843 5,7416,66,032 20664 2,22,227 2 335,795′ 14,493|4,023,010) 252,179 2,212,7791,079,623 5,530 688,978 73,491|20,023|4,711,98;
82:
C2 307.5
2,292
28
1 2,291
BRITISH.
Table II.
NUMBER, TONNAGE, CREWS, and CARGOES of Vessels CLEARED in the Colony of Hongkong for each Country for the Y
FOREIGN.
IN BALLAST.
TOTAL.
WITH CARGOES.
IN BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Shipped:
Shipped.
Bunker
l'unker
iker Vessels. wal,
Tons. Crews. Coal. Vessels.
Tons. Crews.
Huuker Cargoes.
Coal
Tons. Crews,
Cargoes.
Bunker Coal.
Vessels.
Tons. Crews.
Coal. Vessels. Tons. Crews.
150 2,510'
3.314* 39 3,702 31
16
$8,107 656:
4,500, 2.
52,854 2.167, 6,761 57,919 1,635Į 7,420
2,275 53
75
2
1
47,441 1,045 8 12,631 534 27 86.825 5,095 3.98333,714,474 18,49
100,690 3,295
4 934 1020
21
3,000 4,650 1.271 2,30 29 055
18,022) 661 4,006 1,330 4. 4.376 255 1.43 1,650 22 145.856 6,3.0 63.112
1
4 9,178 125. 981 68
703.732 151,075 11454 2,431,398 179,426 1.025.043 121,268 6,785 584,499 69.792
19 443
700
140
100%
2,665
4.676 75 J,761, 65 183,2.7 2.834) 0,122|| 43 94,891 1.980
66| 225,077 5 603)
73,957
1,554
239 559,426 22,923 218,568| -.
31,69 266||| 649,554 14,525 118,888-31,476
471 182,421 9,004, 45.096 33,113! (21) 78,069 2,922| 10.478 6,180 182 36,108 1,297 15,723 2,830
70 234.037' 11,316) 45,802 25.960
267,658 6.322 186,540 17,725 40
56
18
65,082 1,735
2,100 58
33,52% 659
3,960 69,872 1,435 3,760
9,403
211
1,950 12 27,195 790j
250
5,360 323 22 145,856 6,510j 34.94117,989 2,965,897 249,218) 1,
203 247,503 10,789'
76,069 2.922
450
34
38,208 1,855
88 267.50011,975 172 387,030 7,757)
!
i 970' 45 102,414 1,840
5,764
60 140,061 2,861|
130
3 1,206 75
7.328
7.704
49,177 1,60 32,039 5,065
279)
100
1,385
6,507 861 783 637,031 30,317|
900
26,160
8,382
7,535
15,831
500
195 282 564 13,329
148,128|
$8,035
218
28
175
218
460
2
1,190'
3
6,90-1
122
350
13
1,787
9,0001
2,247
850
6378
19.036 309 88
2.000 1,490:
25 1 513 57 20.207 Gool J5,960 4001 3,600 187 35 4.00
TAD
175
450
73:9:
1,0
165
2698
62 4.494 21.887 3461 70.247 1,263] 36,610
1,127 721 1,506]
268 586,500 12,043 31.162 5,742 6,610,314 297,1431,400,581 303 15 129423,884,617 249,497 1,610.724 272.840 7.130; 830.670 79,344
41,477 4,558 ,0KM 121
110,212, 16,1|2||
966 52!
45 530 1,820
134 963.594 4,878,
136 147,730 6,380,
9 9.455 445 19 77,506 1,656
74,825 20,072 4,715 287 328,811, 1.
39. 424,394|
5,935 121
14.2671 3.2001
9,119)
13.478 268 3.000:
2,335 164
37
62,655 1.869
170
124
820
4
88.557 14,255)
41,865
1,036
189.
21,655 1,857
140 1,056
5.
966 $9,331,173 9.045 2,695 81,315 3,878 50,420 18,625
800
730
1.
5
15
6,195 147 15,079 1,000
1,000; 3,921
23
4.6891 111
8708
3 4.689
93,328 4,339
28,107 25,621|
49 54,402 1,991 11,880
9.455 445 74,778 1,615
3 253 $2.792
1.703
200
2.793
41
:
wh Country for the Year ending 31st Decmber, 1905.
TOTAL.
WITH CARGOES.
TOTAL.
IN BALLAST,
TOTAL.
Cargoes.
Cargoes.
Cargoes,
rews. Vessels. Tons.
Dis- char_ed Tausit
Tons. Crews.
Dis- charged Transit.
Vessels.
Tons.
rews. Vessels.
Tuns. Crews.
Dis- charged
Transit.
12 24.781 1.038 10,909 12.478 48 22 29,690 1,114 26,803 2.743 28
1271 6,912 17,694 2,582 068 240,035 341 117 124,523 5.596 691 100 313,972 9,114 159! 48 45,054 1,794 23 35,884 6.9
94.313 3,504 53,524 46.868 39,033) 1,514 41.058. 2,748 78,014 6,005, 8,242
1
782.545
90.479
69 224
56,076 259,305
370 206,702 9.047 286 212||
77.546
112 844 905 9,900
85.589)
307 995)
268
44 115,461, 6,73
286
174 436,533 10,426 351,633
7.617 5,000 17574 53,083 78,664 58,020 102,5!||
454 49,370 2:46 211 592.16711.099; 225.440 #71 638.807 25,709 #13 1,086,089 23,529
10.8471
5.000 879.872
438.968 411,693;
863.891 310.211
19
61
285 57
88,167 2,636) 108.929) 14,100 1,541 4.142 1086 114,337, 16.755)
64,455
89 284,211 7,440 803,848 115.017
4.615
نانات
1491 11.875 1.256
4,615
266
36,721
30
1370 628.970 48,612||
93,016
130
345
1,818 59
2,600
2
1,818 59
2,600
49: 96,185 8,578 53,524 46,868 28 39.033; 1,514 41.058 2,743 271 78,014 6.005) 8,242
388.363 16174 5,100,290|328.891|1.214,410 1,080.768 5,539 886,273 77,544 21,5135,986,563 415,935 1,214.410 1.030.768
219,989 9,419 276 212 77 546 348,726 9.959 85.539 607.995 58 54.321 2,405, 10.347 5.000 214 595.75% 11.205 225,440) 879 872 277 641,991, 26,045, 438,968 411,693 4291,074,794 24.251 863,891 310,211 140 234.611, 7,459 303.848; 115,017
57 14,100 1,541) 31,588 4,142 1,815 600,358 52,754
1.818: 2,247 64
1,822 69
38,755
13,287 372
3.821 4.951 159 3.586 106 8.184 336 722 400 19 2,225 285
18
591
113
4,615
266
93,016
130
59
2,600'
2,247 64)
**2
2,287 22
2,384 82
5.740
2.287 22
4,671 5+
5,740
773 85 44,703 1.855
249
8.262 4,670 234 216,887 9,421 157,184 1,600
1,311 53
200
248 260,142 11,410 381,7.8
195
268,866| 13,741) 100,235|
17,822
38,640 1,423|
280
307.506 15,164
100,235
17.822
30
25,054
212,222 9,204 162,184
1311 53 274,561| 11,783| 391,423|
200
1,600
38,316
7,047
2971
237
219,269 9,501
1,311
162.184
1,600
581
255 274,561.1.78
200 391,423,
38316
...
822
28
62 307.51 8,908]
800 81.412
45,969
26
1 2,292 261
2 361 822
43 2
136
2601 8001
21,025 421
8.803 268
6
21.029 421 11,164 311
822:
28
260. 800
(20|| 484,467|12,970 177,914 164.051
2 270
280
484,467 12,970|| 177,914) 164,051
4,562 161
280 280
3,491|20,028|4,711,963 3:5,670|2.212,779′1,079,623 15074 10,300,778 536,300|4,415,006|3,415,418|| 5.790|1,027,237|86,834| 25,764 11,328,015 622,6344,415,006 3.415 418
120
280
2,292 2
3
untry for the Year ending 31st December, 1905.
TOTAL.
WITH CARGOES.
TOTAL.
IN BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Shipped
Shipped.
Shipped.
5.
Tons. Crews.
Cargoes.
1 unber Vessels. Tous Creus.
Cargoes.
toa!.
Bunker Vessels.
toal
Tons. Crews.
Bunker Coal.
Vessels. Tons. Crews.
Car, oes.
Bunker Coal.
2 27,195 790 4.006 3,280 13 27 $56 1,050 7.606
5,360 323 1548 J.900
22 145,256 6,810) 63.112
12. 17607 789 2.814 49 232,681 11,405 92,167
1 480 4,.60
20
47.280 785 984 68
6,450 53
250
13
39 2,965,897 249,218 1,025.043 159,209 15,148 6.093,318 365,758 1,728.775|| 267,582 6,774
03 247,503 10,739 45.096
586,853 71,959
4.
76,069 2.922 10.478 38,208 1,855
38 267.560 11,975 45.802 29,920 2 337,080 7,757 186,54v 21,485)
15,728 2780 33 36.548 1,318, 16.0.3
64 221,001 5.5.8' 78,957 2,068 244 660,246 31,405 264,370| 56,721 355). 822,42118,867, 306.428 47,847
42.616) 188 225,92 1,664 64,539| 41,815 90
-5180
80.1282971 11.178
5.180
123,001 3,870|
16,823.
74.630 1,835) 7.006) 7,980 17.991) 857 2.814 4.410 49 232,681 11 405)
41,702 21,922 6,680,37|| 437,7171,728,775 369.284 2781 348,198, 14,084' 64,539 58.688
92,167
1
2 275
53
23
2,330
2,100
58
450
35
88,008 3,024 11,173; 5,180 38,348 1.376,
16.023 2,780
4.676
88 166 740 3,498) 83 161,263 3,415
4,808 5,114
66 225,677 5,603 327 826,986 34 898 438 986,584 29,282
78.957
2,665
264 379|
61,529
805,428
52,961
* 20 430 GALA
62,655 1.869; 41,477, 4,558
4
5,935; 121
-6 110,212, 16.12
J
966 521 45 530 1.320
62 039 14.267 8.200 41,865 800
780
9,043
4 968,594 4,878, 50,420,
3
4.689;
6 147,780 6,850) 23.197 37,401
870
14,546 8.0
4,100 1.176) 1,680 725,88 50,572 68,030 [966] 52 800! 3 695 206|| 306,065| 14 252|||| 157,171) 17,446 119; 81,813,878 50,420
G2021 168
8065
4+ 869 2.616 39.867 ७:४; 12/ 40,348 4,419
1242 207
97 112,481 4.822 32,199
15.960 400
7.035 9 249 820 9,421 730 40.280 12: 13.025
16 1.830 26,711
53 115,922 21:4
8.764
97 202 716 2780
59,36 71
15,799
་་
2,335 164
170
127
71
42.68% 4,633 12.442 207
14,546
9,419
1891
21,655 1,857
140
819
52
22.029 397 15,297 1028
61.306 2,113
1,500;
218)
747.243 52,429 966' 52 328,094 14649 157,171)
4.!00 68,030
820
9,561
800
730
41,730
4.096
135
96.612; 4,96 50,420
6.202 168
17.621
1,330
12,230
3,600
1,787
149 175.987; 0,935 5. 15,960 400
32.199
38 941
3,600
1787
2.47
62
9.455 445 3.258
1,703
11.806) 482
85 3.288
2,000)
1,703
9 77,566 1,656 32,792
2001
1,050
165
40 138,642 2,790 69,402
1/27 72 1,500
1,500
165
24,715 287 328,841 1,610,724, 847,655 18,4169,958,33|| 534,697|3,011,805|| 545,586| 7,398 1,367,170 91,387|| 105,987 25,81411,325,601 625,984 3,011,305 651,523
2 247 19.036)
2.000
21 4.194
62
35
4.000
9.171
809 1.490. 129
18 46
30,842 791 147 813 3.919 1,127 72
3,283 69 402
3.193
1 050
TOTAL NUMBER, IONNAGE, CREWS, AND CAL
WITH CARGOES.
BRITISH.
IN BALLAST.
TOTAL.
WITH
NAMES
OF PORTS.
Cargoes.
Cargoes.
Vis. Tons. Crews.
Vls.
Tons. Crews. Vls. Tons, Cre
Vls.
Tons. Cr
Dis- charged.
Dis-
Transit.
Transit.
charged.
Aberdeen,
Cheung Chaú,
Deep Bay,
211
7,025 1
240
4,575 1
•
Hunghom,
Long Ket,
820
15,717 4
Sai Kung,.
21
480
Sham Shui-po, Shaukiwán,
Stanley,
Tai 0, Tai Po,
2,320 241,264 1!
519
15,334 4
232
69
2,336
13
Victoria,
235
5,481 6,277,768 284,121 2,202,227|2,335.795| 260 338,264 12.843 5,741 6,616,032,296364′2,202,227|2,335,795 10,2573,735,75622
Total,.............. 5,481|6,277.768'284.121'2,202,2272,335,795| 260 338,264 12.843 5,741|6,616,032|296/64/2,202,227|2,335,795|14,4934,023.010|25:
NAMES
OF PORTS.
Aberdeen, Cheung Chaú,..
Deep Bay,
Hunghom,
Long Ket,
Sai Kung,.
Sham Shui-po, Shaukiwán,..
Stanley,.
Tai (),
Tai Po, Victoria,
Total,
TOTAL NUMBER TONNAGE, CREWS, AND CA
WITH CARGOES.
BRITISH.
IN BALLAST.
TOTAL,
Shipped.
Shipped.
Vls.
Tons. Crews.
Vis,
Tons. Crews.
Bunker
Bunker Coal.
Vls.
Grews.
VIs. T
Bunker
Cargoes. Coal.
Cargoes. Coal.
59 38
581
1,295 1:
335
11.
12
5
5,474 0.073,814 285.100 1,400,581| 272,696
5,4746,073.814 285,106′1,400,581| 272,696
268 586,500 12,043 31,162 5,7426,610314297,143|1,400,581| 303,858 10,004,3,7:
268! 530,500 12,043! 31,162 5,7426,610314 297,1431.400 581 303,858)12,942 3.8
203
BRITISH.
Table III.
TOTAL NUMBER, JONNAGE, CREWS, AND CARGOES OF VESSELS ENTERED AT EACH PORT IN THE COI
FOREIGN.
N BALLAST.
TOTAL.
WITH CARGOES.
IN BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Cargoes.
Cargoes.
Cargos.
Tons. Crews. Vls. Tons, Cres
Vls.
Tons. Crews,
Vls.
Tons. Crews. Vis. Tons. Crews.
Dis- charged.
Transit,
211
240
Dis- charged.
7,025 1,444 3,9201 4,575 1,120|| 2,907
Transit.
50
820
15,717 4,020 13,361
107
2.288 416 201 42 1,149 724
3,777
282
677 927
Dis- charged.
9,313 1,860| 3,920 5,724 1,894 ,907
19,494 4,697
'Transi
8,361
21
486 120
269
5
22
492 125
269
2,320 241,264|19,951| 151,790
1,166
98,199 8,645 3,495 339,463 28,596 151,790
519
15,384 4,045
8,614
78,
2,784 561
597
18,165 4,606|| ,614
14)
232
69
13
2,336 235
81 528 69
128
10
67
39
24
809 137
13
31
364 20
112
82
15
16
299 120 2,700 640
255
128
809
84
137
338,264 12.843 5,741 6,616,032,296,64 2,202,227 2,235,795 10,257 3,735,756 220,801 2,030,844 1,079,623 4,060 580,319 62,747 14,3174,316,075 283,548 2,030,8441,079,6
338,204 12.843 5,741|6,616,032|296364|2,202,227|2,335,795) 14,493 4,023,010 252.179 2.212.779′1,079,623| 5,53u| 688,973 73,49120,0234.711.983 325.670 2.2117991,079.6:
Table IV.
TOTAL NUMBER TONNAGE, CREWS, AND CARGOES OF VESSELS CLEARED AT EACH PORT IN THE CO
BRITISH.
IN BALLAST.
TOTAL.
WITH CARGOES.
FOREIGN,
IN BALLAST.
TOTA
Shipped:
Shipped.
Tons. Crews.
Bunker Coal.
Vls.
Crews.
Vls.
Tons. Crews.
Vls.
Tons. Crews.
Cargoes. Coal.
Bunker
Bunker
Bunker Coal.
Vls.
Tchs.
Drew's
Cargoes. Coal.
59
2,054 419 38 1,055 244
919 674
151
1,051 1,007]
210
9,105 1,42
247
4,668 1,415
285
1,723|| 1,65
+4
581
18,924 3,594|
14,781
443
8,732 2,263
1,024
21,656 5,85
86 1,295 120,354|11,009|
14
335
12,957 3,077
19 68,717 5,308
15
367; 87 2,2013|| 231,260°19,060)
17
3,498
453|| -10 35,61430,06:
314
11
261
77
76
12
5
337 67
83
22
123 12
6,552 1,810, 35 501 1,862 470
940
649
1),509]] 4,88
22
3111 13:
70
199 55:
71
14
7,007
9:
536,500 12,043) 31,162 5,7426,610314 297,143 1,400,581 303,858 10,604 3,728,522 230,958 1,520,095 272,820 3,679 572,185 53,126
536,500 12,043 31,162 5,742'6,610314'297,1431.400 581 303,858 12,942′3,884.617|249,497|1.610.724| 272,820 7,130 830,676'79,344|
74,825 12,2834,300,710284,08
74,825 18,0724,75,287 $28,84
THE COLONY OF HONGKONG, IN THE YEAR 1905.
WITH CARGOES.
TOTAL.
IN BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Cargos.
Cargoes.
Vls.
Tons. Crews.
Vls.
Tons. Crews.
Vis.
Tons.
Crews.
is-
Transit.
rged.
Dis- charged.
Dis-
Transit.
Cargoes.
Transit.
charged.
,920
211
7,025 1,444
3,920
50
2,288
416
261
9,313,
1,860
3,920)
2,907
240
4,575
1,120
2,907
10
1,149
274
282
5,724)
1,394
2,907
3,361
820
15,717
4,020
13,361
107
3,777
077
19,494)
4,697
13,361
269
21
480
120
269
51
22
492
125
51,790]
2,329
241,264
19,951
151,790
1,166
98,199
8,645!
3,495
339,463
28,596
269 151,790
8614
519
15,384
4,045
8,614!
78
2,784
561
597
18,168
128
14
232
81
128
10
67
39
24
290
4,606 120
8,614
128
809]
69
2,336
اودان
809
13
364
112
82
2,700
640
809
137
13
68441,079,623
15,738 10,013,524 504,922
137 4,233,071 3,415,418
727991 þ79.623] 19,974 10,300,778; 536,300] 4.415,000 3,415,418
235
69
4,320
918,583
15 75,590
5,790 1,027,237| 80,334
20
16
255
84
137
20,058 10,932,107 580,512 4,233,071 3,415,418
25,764 11,328.015 622,634
4.415,0063.41541
THE COLONY OF HONGKONG, IN THE YEAR 1905.
TOTAL.
WITII CARGOES.
TOTAL.
IN BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Shipped.
Shipped.
Shipped.
Vis.
Tons. Crews.
Vls.
Tons. Crews.
Cargoes.
Bunker Coal.
Cargoes.
Bunker Coal.
Bunker Coal.
Vis. Tons. Crews.
Cargoes.
Bunker Coal.
1,420 919
72311,659
674
,650 5,857
14,781
59 2,054 419 38 1,955 241
581
919 074
151
4,051 1,007
247
4,668 1,415
210 285)
1496 1,659
919
674
463}} 101|
19
35,614 30,009
68,717
18,924 3,594 14,781
86 1,295) 120,354 11,009
443
8,732 2,263
1,024 27,656 5,857
14,781
14
1,500 4,887
5,308
335
12,957 3,077
19 68,717 5,308
15!
311 142
76
11
261
77
76
109
653
123
12
337 $31
123
314 11 58
367 2,203||231,260†19,960||
6,552|| 1,810
87
17
19 3,498 351,614 30,069 68,717
453 101
93
12
5
67
22
12
1,007) 300,710284,084 1,520,095||347,665|16,078,9,802,336|516,058 2,920,676|| 545,536
75,287|328,8411,610,724|_547,665|18,416′9,958 431|534,5973,011,305) 545 536)
3,9471,108,688 65,169 105,987 20,02510,911,024 581,227 2,920,676 651,523
7,398|1.367,170|91,387| 105,987|25,814|11.325,601,625,984 3,011,305| 651,523
501 35 1,862 470 940 71
649
19,509 4,887; 5,308)
(-)
311 112 2,199 553
76
14 1,007 93
123 12
:
207
Table V.
NUMBER, TONNAGE and CREWS of Vessels of each Nation ENTERED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong, in the Year 1905.
ENTERED.
NATIONALITY
OF
WITH CARGOES.
IN BALLAST.
TOTAL.
VESSELS.
Vessels. Tous. Crews. Vessels.
Tous.
Crews. Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
British,
5,481
6,277,768 284,121
|
260
American,
59
315,690
9,995
7
338,264 6,594
12,843
5,741
6,616,032 296,964
209
66
322,284
10,204
Austrian,
26
88,326
1,841
26
...
88,326
1,841
Belgian,
1
1,794
23
1
1,794
23
Chinese,
271
225,546
15,368
10
12,988
774
281
238,534
16,142
Chinese Junks, 11,842
967,527
133,924
4,867
461,439
62,320
16,709
1,428,966
196,244
Danish,
15
18,713
484
3
5,493
88
18
24,206
572
Dutch,
32
73,980
1,836
3
3,225
94
35
77,205
1.930
French,
483
560,072
23,519
17
22,132
803
500
582,204
24,322
German,
810 1,310.221
.43,130
78
86,227
2,736
888
1,396,448
45,866
Italian,
42
46,133
2,054
14
5,359
508
56
51,492
2,562
Japanese,
27
33,913
1,833
660
42
29
34,573
1,875
Norwegian,
295
319,642
9,202
52
63,036
1,846
347
382,678
11,048
Portuguese,
141
23,288
2,305
6
1,148
193
147
24,436
2,498
Rússian,
1
2,903
56
1
2,903
56
Swedish,
13
12,804
358
+6
7,406
190
19
20,210
548
Steam-ships
under 60 tons
trading to
435
22,458
6,251
465
13,266
3,688
900
35,724
9,939
Ports outside
the Colony,
TOTAL, 19,974 10,300,778 536,300
|
5,790 1,027,237
86,334 25,764 11,328,015 622,634
Table VI.
NUMBER, TONNAGE and CREWS of Vessels of each of Nation CLEARED at Ports in the
Colony of Hongkong, in the Year 1905.
CLEARED.
NATIONALITY
OF VESSELS.
WITH CARGOES.
IN BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Vessels.
Tons. Crews. Vessels.
Tous. Crews. Vessels.
Tons.
Crews.
British, American,
5,474
6,073,814 285,100
56
311,724
10,222
268 536,500 8,545
12,043 231
5,742
6,610,314
297,143
64
320,269
10,453
Austrian,
25
84,471
2,143
25
84,471
2,143
Belgiau,.
1
1,794
Chinese,
Chinese Junks,
281 10,457
Danish,
11
Dutch,
French,
German,
239.074 1,020,541 138,266
17,464 34 76,135 2,133 488 575,706 23,345 659 1,148,794 35,719
34 16,218
1
1,794
34
,
235
6,309 7
748 425,933
88 62,235
283
239,822
16,306
16,766
1,446,474 200,501
6,742
175
18
24,206
410
1,070
31
35
77,205
2.164
13
11,206
533
501
586,912
23,878
241,271
9,308
884
1,390,065
45,027
Italian,
51
50,871 2,426
1,112
179
56
51,483
2,605
Japanese,
23/ 25,593 1,712
8,980
294
29
34,573
2,006
Norwegian,
266
270,266 7,749
105,021
2,216
340
375,287
9,965
Portuguese,
142
23,633 2,519
462
94
145
24,095
2,613
Russian,
I
2,903
53
1
2,903
53
Swedish,
12
13,690
472
5,522
176
18
19,212
648
No Flag,
792
96
6
792
96
Steam-ships
under 60 tons
trading to
485
22,458 6,251
466
13,266
3,688
900
35,724
9,939
Ports outside
the Colony,
TOTAL, 18,416 9,958,481 534,597 7,398 1,367,170 91,387
25,814 11,325,601 625,984
}
208
Table VII.
Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks ENTERED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong, from Ports on the Coast of China, and Macao, during the Year ending 31st December, 1995.
CARGO.
BALLAST
TOTAL.
Ves- sels.
East Coast,.
2,900 174,087 19,705
San On Dis-
trict, West
Cargo Ves- Tons. sels.
106 112,985 367
8,112 709,963103.792 18,847
Tons. Crews. Passen- Discharged.
Tons. Crews.!
geis.
Passen- Ves- gers. sels.
Tous Crews.
Passen- Cargo
Discharged. gers.
Tons.
18,285 2,789
3
3,267||||192,372 22,444
109 112,985
387,594 3,877 390,852 53,397 22,856 11,989 1,100,815157, 89
4,703 387,594
River. &c., West Coast,
Macao,
389 28,310 3,424
441
55,167 7,003
Total,... 11,842 967,527133,924 19,008
10
45
18,282 283
24,661
340
22,222 || 2,227
672
50,532 5,651
10 18,282
30,080 3,957
781
85,247 10,960
45
24,661
543,522 | 4,867 | 461,439 62,320 22,859 16,709 1,428,966 196,244 41,867 543,522
Table VIII.
Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks CLEARED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong,
for Poris an the Coast of China, and Macao, during the Year ending 31st December, 1905.
:
CARGO.
BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Ves- sels.
Tons. Crews
Passen- Cargo Ves-
Shipped. gers. Tons. sels
Tons. Crews.
East Coast,...
1,290
65,050 9,105
92 40,977 2,313 158,478 17,299
Passen- Ves- gers. sels.
10 8,603 223,528 26,404
Tous. Crews.
: Passen-
gers.
Cargo
Shipped. Tons.
102
40,977
San On Dis-
trict, West
River, &c., West Coast,
Macao,
7 16,376 305 21,809 2,633
46 39,953 184 20,052 1,671
347 872,047 117,712 26,100 | 567,798 3,507|| 225,594 40,632|| 19,669 |11,854 1,097,641 158,344
272
45,769 567,798
21,958 2,597
548 61,486 8,852
Total,... 10,457 1,020,541 138,266|| 26,245| 665,104|6,309 | 425,933 62,235 19,689 16,766|1,446,474 200,501 45,934 665,104
10
577
732
43,767 5,230
81,538 10 523
17 16,376
46 39,953
Table IX.
Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks ENTERED at each Port in the Colony of Hongkong,
(exclusive of Local Trade), during the Year ending 31st December, 1905.
CARGO.
BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Aberdeen,..........
Cheung Cháu,
Ves- sels.
211 7,025 1,444 240 4,575 1,120
Tons. Crews.
l'asseu- Cargo Ves-
Discharged. gers.
Tons. sels.
ons. Crews.
Passen- Ves-
gers. sels.
Tons. Crews.
l'assen- Cargo
gers.
Discharged. Tons.
3,920 50 2,907
2,288 416 42 1,149 274
261
9,313 1,860
3,920
252
5,724 1,394
2,907
Deep Bay,
...
Hunghom,
820
15,717 4,020 144
Long Ket,
Sai Kung,
211
486 120
Sham Shui-po, 2,329
241,264| 19,951|
-
13,361
269
151,790 1,166 98,199
107
1
3,777
6
677
48
927
8,645
22 3,495
125
Shaukiwán,
519
15,384 4,045|
45
8,614 78 (2,784 561
19,494 4,697 192 13,361
492 339,463 28,596 597 18,168 4,606
269
151,790
Stanley,....
14
232
81
45
128
10
67
39
24
299
120
45 45
8,614
128
Tai 0,
1
69
Tai l'o,
13
2,336 52
235
809
13
364
112
82
2,700
640
809
69
1
137
3
20
15
16
255
84
137
Victoria,
7,606 680,273 102,546|| 18,773
361,587| 3,397 352,785 51,576 22,81111,003 1,033,058 154,122 41,584
361,587
Total,.. 11,842 967,527 133,924 19,008
967,527|133,924|
|
543,522 4,867 461,439 62,320 22,859 16,709 1,428,966 196,244 41,867 543,522
209
Table X.
Total Number, Tonnage, Crews, Passengers and Cargo of Junks CLEARED at each Port in the Colony of Hongkong, (exclusive of Local Trade), during the Year ending 31st December, 1905.
CARGO.
BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Ves- sels.
Tous. Crews.
Passen- Cargo Ves-
Shipped. gers. Tons. sels.
Passen-
Tons. Crews.
gers.
Ves- sels.
Tons. Crews.
gers.
Passen- Cargo
Shipped. Tons.
Aberdeen,
59
2,054 419
Cheung Cháu,
38
1,055 244
919
151 674 247
4,051 1,007 4,668 1,415
210
6,105 1,426
919
285
5,723 1,659
674
Deep Bay,
Hungbow,....
581
18,924 3,594 18,924
133
14,781
443
Long Ket,
Sai Kung
86
14
19
15
Shani Shui-po,
1,295
120,354, 11,009||
68,7172,203
367 231,260 19,060
8,732 2,263
87
434
1,024
27,656 5,857; 567
14,781
17
3,498
453 351,614 30,069
101
19
Shaukiwán,
335
12,957 3,077
45
5,308 314
6,552 1,810
649
19,509 4,887
Stanley,.
11
261
77
45
761 11
50
35
22
311
112
45 45
68,717 5,308
76
Tai 0,
12
337
83
123
58
1,862
470
70
2,199
553
123
Tai Po, Victoria,
5
67
22
3
8,119
864,446 119,727 26,019
18 574,469 2,858
9
71
14
940 167,451 36,017| 19,255 |10,977 1,031,897155,744 45,274 | 574,469
1,007 93
3
18.
Total,... 10,457 1,020,541 138,266|| 26,245
665,104 6,309 425,933 62,235 19,689 16,766 1,446,474200,501 45,934 | 665,104
Table XI.
Return of Junks (Local Trade) ENTERED at each Port in the Colony of Hongkong, during the Year ending 31st December, 1905.
CARGO.
BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Ves- sels.
Tons. Crews.
Cargo Passen-
Ves- Discharged. gers.
Tons. sels.
Tons. Crews Passen- Ves- gers. sels.
Tons. Crews.
Passen- gers.
Cargo Discharged. T ns.
Aberdeen,...... 125
5,750 1,209
3,835
Cheung Cháu,
29
747
156
465
888
56 1,839 433
181
7,589 1,642
20
426
91
49
1,173 247
3,835 465
Deep Bay,......
Hunghom,....
11
298
72
118
163
9,856
1,669]
174
10,154 1,741
118
Long Ket,
Sai Kung,
9
181
46
54
6
123
32
15
Sham Shui-po,
169
17,683
2,772
12,545
130
11,408
1,508
299
307 29,091 4,280
78
54
12,545
Shaukiwán,
120
5,214, 1,021
2,382 67
1,602
4351
187
Stanley,.
43
19
19
8
215
'69
12
6,816 1,456
258!
2,382
88
19
Tai 0,
10
177
56
28
210
117
102 164
3
40
19
13
217 75
102
37 1,165 167
15
65 1,375 284
23
164
Tai Po, Victoria,
10,692 396,966 117,506 12,163 299,253 20,007 737,771 169,120 53,088 30,699 1,134,737 286,726 65,251| 299,253
Total,... 11,197 427,272 123,074 12,171 318,937 20497 764,445 173,543 53,103 31,694 1,191,717296,617 €5,274 318,937
Table XII.
Return of Junks (Local Trade) CLEARED at each Port in the Colony of Hongkong, during the Year ending 31st December, 1905.
CARGO).
BALLAST.
TOTAL.
Ves- sels.
Tous. Crews. Passen-
gers.
Cargo Shipped. Tons.
Ves- sels.
Aberdeen,
Cheung Cháu,
Deep Bay,...... Hunghom,..
79 2,271 582
1,105
153 8,527 1,494
12
353
68
215
34
821
175
Tons. Crews Passen- Ves-
gers. sels.
232 10,798 2,076
46
Tous. Crews. Passen -
gers.
Cargo
Shipped.
Tons.
1,105
1,174
243
215
36
1,129
200
Long Ket,
Sai Kung,
15
276
83
Sham Shui-po,
87 6,675
743
Shaukiwán, ....
59
1,977
460
Stanley,.
11
184
71
2
N
653
41
866
291
77
1,995) 581
19
653
117
5
69
19
20
5,445
209
10,267
2,064|
345 296 16,942 2,807
102
117
5,445
1,158
76
3,500
657
135
5,477 1,117
GL
1,158
63
3
50
25
14
240
96
63
Tai (),
10
256
67
114
14
242
93
24
498 160,
114
'l'ai Po,
49
451
201
17
284
18
190
73
67
Victoria,
6,249|232,042 | 56,925|| 69,298
47,333 24,413 900,294 227,360
6 2,661 30,662 1,132,336 284,225||| 71,959
641
274
23
284
47,333
Total,... 6,607 245,614 | 59,490 69,319
56,487 24,966 924,832 232,191 2,667 31,573 1,170,446 291,681 71,986
56,487
FOREIGN TRADE.
210
Table XIII,
SUMMARY.
NO. OF VESSELS.
TONS.
CREWS.
British Ships entered with Cargoes,
5,481
6,277,768
284,121
Do.
do.
in Ballast,
260
338,264
12,843
Total,.........
5,741
6,616,032
296,964
do.
British Ships cleared with Cargoes,
Do.
5,474
6,073,814
285,100
in Ballast,
268
536,500
12,043
Total,........
5,742
6,610,314
297,143
Foreign Ships entered with Cargoes,
Do.
2,216
3,033,025
112,004
do. in Ballast,
198
214,268
7,483
Total,
2,414
3,247,293
119,487
Do.
Foreign Ship cleared with Cargoes,
do. in Ballast,
2,050
2,841,618
104,980
356
391,471
13,421
Total,........
2,406
3,233,089
118,401
do.
Steamships under 60 tons entered with Cargoes,.
Do.
435
32,458
6,251
do. in Ballast,
465
13,266
3.688
Total.......
900
35,724
9,939
Steamships under 60 tons cleared with Cargoes,.....
435
22,458
6,251
Do.
do.
do. in Ballast,
465
13,266
3,688
Total,.
900
35,724
9,939
Junks entered with Cargoes,
Do. do. in Ballast,
11,842
967,527
133,924
4,867
461,439
62,320
Total,.......
16,709
1,428,966
196,244
Junks cleared with Cargoes,
Do. do. in Ballast,
10,457
1,020,541
138,266
6,309
425,933
62,320
Total,............
16,766
1,446,474
200,501
Total of all Vessels entered,
25,764
11,323,015
622,634
Total of all Vessels cleared,
25,814
11,325,601
625,984
Total of all Vessels in Foreign Trade, entered and cleared,
51,578
22,653,616
1,218,618
LOCAL TRADE.
Total Junks entered,
31,694
1,191,717
296,617
Do.
cleared,
31,573
1,170,446
291,681
Total Local Trade, entered and cleared,
63,267
2,362,163
588,298
Total Foregin Trade, entered and cleared,
51,578
22,653,616 1,248,618
Total Local Trade, entered and cleared,
63,267
2,362,163
588,298
Grand Total,
114,845
25,015,779 1,836,916
Table XV.
RETURN of LICENSED STEAM-LAUNCHES Entered in the COLONY of HONGKONG during the Year ending 31st December, 1905.
TOWING.
NOT TOWING.
TOTAL.
PLACES.
Cargo
Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Discharged Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo
in tons.
Discharged Vessels. Tonnage. Crews. in tons.
Within the Waters of the Colony, *
83,777 2,113,030 617,973
86,674 2,509,631649,673 4,051,264
1
Total,...
83,777 2,113,030 617,973
...
86,674 2,509,631| 649,673 4,051,264]
170,451 4,622,661 1,267,646 4,051,261
170,451 4,622,661 1,267,646 4,051,264
Cargo
Discharged
in tons.
Passen-
gers.
Outside the Waters of the Colony
ཡ
Samshui,
Kongman,
Kamchuk,
Wuchow,
Macao.... Other Places,
11
300
77
454
12,966 3,611
465 13,266j 3,688
:
***
:
212 -
9
492
162
555
20
792
239
555
217
13,552
4,328
2,145
972
217
13,552 4,328
2,145
.972
209
...
8,414 1,761
5,113
206
663
21,380
5,372
5,113
206
435
22,458, 6,251
7,258
1,733
900
35,724 9,939 7,258
1,733
87,109 2,532,089 655,924 4,038,522||
1,733 171,351 4,658,385 1,277,585 1,058,522
1,733
*The figures under the heading "Steam-launches plying within the Waters of the Colony are incomplete: the "Star" Ferry Company stating that since 1901, "owing to the amount of work entailed" they have had to discontinue keeping a record of the passengers carried by their launches, and also number of trips.
Total,.
Grand Total,
84,242 2,126,296 621,661
...
211
Table XIV.
STATEMENT of the REVENUE collected in the Harbour Department, during the Year 1905.
Head of Receipt.
1. Light Dues, (Ordinance 10 of 1899),
Amount.
$
74,233.45
cts.
2. Licences and Internal Revenue not otherwise specified :─
Chinese Passenger Ships Licences, (Ordinance 1 of 1889),
Emigration Brokers Licences, (Ordinance 1 of 1889),
Fines,
1,065.00
1,200.00
617.50
Fishing Stake and Station Licences, (Ordinance 10 of 1899),
205.00
Fishing Stake and Station Licences, from the New Territory, (Ordinance 10 of
1899),
2,282.00
Junk Licences, &c., (Ordinance 10 of 1899),
37,517.50
Junk Licences, &c., from the New Territory, (Ordinance 10 of 1899),
15,881.70
Pilots Licences, (Ordinance 3 of 1904),
360.00
Steam-launch Licences, &c., (Ordinance 10 of 1899),
3.539.57
3. Fees of Court and Office, Payments for specific purposes and Reimbursements-in-
Aid:- ཡ
Cargo-boat Certificates, (Ordinance 10 of 1899),
2,432.00
Engagement and Discharge of Seamen,. (Ordinance 10 of 1899),
26,302.60
Engagement of Masters and Engineers of Steam-launches, (Ordinance 10 of
1899),
222.00
Examination of Masters, &c., (Ordinance 10 of 1899),
2,617.50
Gunpowder, Storage of, (Ordinance 10 of 1889),
28,154.04
Medical Examination of Emigrants, (Ordinance 1 of 1889),
20,770.75
Printed Forms, Sale of,........
426.75
Private Moorings and Buoys, Rent of, (Ordinance 10 of 1899),
3,450.00
Registry Fees (Merchant Shipping Act), (Ordinance 10 of 1899),
1,266.00
Steam-launches, Surveyor's Certificates, (Ordinance 10 of 1899),
2,910.00
Survey of Steam-ships, &c, (Ordinance 10 of 1899),
Sunday Cargo Working Permits, (Ordinance 1 of 1891),
31,639.22
43,475.00
Total,....
300,567.76
JÁN HIGHLI BINILSALA
PLACES.
Table XVI.
RETURN of LICENSED STEAM-LAUNCHES Cleared in the COLONY of HONGKONG during the year ending 31st December, 1905.
TOWING.
NOT TOWING.
TOTAL.
Cargo
Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Shipped Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.
in tons.
Bunker Cargo Passen- Shipped Coal gers. in tons.in tons.
Vessels. Tonnage. Crews.
Passen-
gers.
Cargo Bunker Shipped Coal in tons, in tons.
Within the Waters of the Colony,
*
80,403 1,964,901| 591,613|
87,059 2,581,750 675,2923,865,309
25,895 167,4624,546,651,1,266,905 3,865,309
25,895
Total,....
80,403 1,964,901 591,613
87,059 2,581,750 675,2923,565,309
25,895 167,462 4,546,651 1,266,905 3,865,309|
25,895
Outside the Waters of the Colony :-
213 --
Samshui,
Kongmun,
...
...
:
:
:
..
Kamchuk,
Wuchow,
Macao,...
11
300
77
9
217
492
13,552
162
820
315
201
792
Other Places,
454
12,966 3,611
...
209
4,328
8,414 1,7611
3,065 1,370
5,096
522
217
13,552
239
4,328
820
315
3,065
1,370
522
310 1,617
663
21,380
5,372
5,096
310 1,617
Total,...
465 13,266
3,638
:.
435 22,458 6,251!
8,161 2,500| 2,454|
900 35,724
9,939 8,161 2,500 2,454
Grand Total,.
80,868 1,978,167|| 595,301|
595,301|
...
276,8443,873,470 87,494 2,604,208 681,5133,873,470 2,500 28,349 168,362 4,582,375 1,276,844 3,873,470 2,500 28,349
* The figures under the heading "Steam-launches plying within the waters of the Colony " are incomplete: the "Star" Ferry Company stating that since 1901, "owing to the amount of work entailed" they have had to discontinue keeping a record of the passengers carried by their launches, and also number of trips.
2,601,2
1
214
Table XVII.
SUMMARY OF CHINESE EMIGRATION from HONGKONG to Ports other than in China,
during the Year ending 31st December, 1905.
BRITISH VESSELS.
FOREIGN VESSELS.
GRAND TOTAL.
WHITHER BOUND..
Adults.
Children.
Adults.
Children.
Adults.
Children.
Total.
Total.
Total.
M.
F.
M. F.
M. F. M. F.
M. F. M. F
To Callao, Pern,
1,004
37
1,042
:
1,004
37
1
1,042
""
Honolulu, Sandwich Islands,
25
26
120
3
130
145
3
5
3
156
22
Japan Ports,
104
108
336
342 440)
6
450
"1
Mauritius,
641 20 32
702
641
20
32
702
Mexico,
1,640
19
1,659
1,640
,659
Reunion Island...........
17
32
""
San Francisco, U.S.A.,
2
Straits Settlements,
2,060 639
36 2
Tacoma, U.S.A.,
Vancouver, British Columbia, Victoria, British Columbia,
344 |33,046 6,323 1,402 694 42,365 (10,292 1,794 308 | 215 |12,60944,238| 8,117 1,710
352 2,157 | 10 30
19 12,198 2,501
17
19
16
32
2,550
909
54,974
49
49
49
49
2,096 641
2,060
36
2,096
3
642
2
644-
TOTAL PASSENGERS,
39,762 6,334 1,498 695 48,289 13,615 1,837 381 219 16,052 53,377|| 8,171 1,879
914
64,341
Total Passengers by British Vessels,
39.762 6,334 1,498
095
48,289
Total Passengers by Foreign Vessels,
Excess of Passengers by British Vessels, .
13,615 1,837 381
26,147 4,497 1,117
219
16,052
476 32,237
Table XVIII.
SUMMARY of CHINESE IMMIGRATION to HONGKONG from Ports other than China, during the Year ending 31st December, 1905.
BRITISH VESSELS.
FOREIGN VESSELS.
GRAND TOTAL.
WHERE FROM.
Adults.
Children.
Adults. Children.
Adults.
Children.
Total.
Total.
Total.
M.
F.
M. F.
M. F. M. F
M.
F.
M.
F
From Bangkok, Siam,
2,990
2,991
2,990
2,994
Callao, Peru,
311
12 4
27
**
Durban, British South Africa,
2,053
336 2,053
311
12
336
2,053
2,053
Honolulu, Sandwich Islands,
87
N
3
93 368 J0
393
455
12
=
486
Java & Sumatra,.
226
226 1,434
1,438
1.660
1,664
Japan Ports,
85
88 48
48
133
136
Mauritius,.
347
317
347
3+7
32
""
""
2:
Melbourne,
Panama....
682
682
682
682
New South Wales,
703
7031
23
23
726
726
New Zealand Ports.
98
98
98
98
115 15
140
115
15
140
"
Queensland Ports...
22
San Francisco, U.S.A.,
Seattle, U.S.A.,
South Australian Ports,
455
713 21
18
105
11
455
455
455
2:
19
771 4,996 123 96
5.286
5,709
141
90
6,057
302
302
302
116
Straits Settlements,
97,668 5,126 1,527 686 105,007|15,322 | 342 | 136
"
Tacoma, U.S.A.,..
27
""
Tasmania,
11
"
Vancouver, British Columbia,
2,635
17
""
Victoria, British Columbia,..
307
16 2
27 11 2,677 313
::3;:::
302
105
11
116
56 15,856 112,9905,468 | 1,663 742 120,863
27 11
27
2,635 307
17
16
11 2,677
313
TOTAL PASSENGERS,
106,281 5,195 1,593 727 113,796,25,830 482 240 135 26,687 132,111 5,677 1,833 862 140,483
Total Passengers by British Vessels,
i
Total Passengers by Foreign Vessels,
Excess of Passengers by British Vessels,
106,281 5,195 | 1,593 727 113,796
25,830 482 240 135 26,687
80,451 4,713 1,353 592 87,109
1
215
Table XIX.
RETURN of VESSELS REGISTERED at the Port of Hongkong, during the year, 1905.
Name of Vessel.
Official Number.
Registered
Tonnage.
Horse
Power.
Rig.
Built of.
Where built and when.
Remarks.
Hoi Ning. Sobralense,
(str.), 120,972
90
24
91,1561,232
188
Schooner Wood | Hunghom, Hongkong, 1900.
Brig Iron Barrow in Furness, ...1884. Since lost off the entrance to
21
Albatross,
120,973 83
24
Schooner
Wood | Mongkok, Hongkong, 1904.
[Port Arthur.
"
Canada,
120,974
51
21
Do.
Do. Hongkong,
1902.
"7
City of Birmingham,
109,531
92
64
Do.
Steel Govan, Glasgow,
1898.
:"
Shameen,
120,975
א
None
Wood
Hongkong,
1905.
""
Pak Hin Hok,
120.976
16
17
Du.
Do.
Canton, China,
1903.
Sin Tai Koo,
120,977 11
11
Do.
{
Do.
Hongkong,
.1900.
Tai Koo,
120,978 10
13
Do.
Do.
Hongkong,
.1903.
Tai Koo Choy,
120,979
20
Do.
Do.
Hongkong,
.1904.
Tai Koo Fook,
120.980
Lo.
Do.
Hongkong,
1903.
Tai Koo Ping,
120,981
Do.
Do.
Hongkong,
.1905.
1
Aeolus,
Gretchen,
Wo Ping.. Taiwan,
Tien Kong,
120,982
13
Do.
Do
Hongkong,
1897.
120,983
20
16
Do.
Do.
Hunghom, Hongkong. 1905.
120,98+
134
31
Do.
Do.
Hunghom, Hongkong, 1885
Lengthened 1905.
•
87,005 1,042
150
(motor), 120,985
50
Schooner Steel
None Wood
Cartsdyke, Greenock, 1882. Hokun, Hongkong, ...1905.
Table XX.
RETURN of REGISTRIES of VESSELS cancelled at the Port of Hongkong, during the year, 1905.
Name of Vessel.
Official Number.
Registered
Tonnage.
Date of
Registry.
Horse
Power.
Rig.
Built of
Where and when built.
Reason of Cancellation.
Hailoong....(str.), 88.847
783
An Pho,
95,859
966
West York....
706
Perla.
Hoi Ho, Shahzada.
Ping On......
Sobralense,
1891 74.496
1896 77,1201,287 1900 240 109,866 364 1901
40
1388 180 Schooner Steel
148 Do.
Do.. Barque Iron Schooner Do
None Wood Cheung-sha-wan. H'kong, 1901.
Leith,
Fort Glasgow,
Sunderland, Durbam,
1888. | Sold to Foreigners. 1891.
Do. [of Palawan. 1876. Lost off Flat Island, S. W.
Sunderland, Durham. .....1878. | Sold to Foreigners. ·
78,848 1,046
1904
206
Schooner
Iron Belfast, ....
1879.
116,053
97
1904
28
وه
91,1561,232 1905
188
Do. Brig
Wood Hongkong,
.1902.
Do.
Do.
Do.
[Port Arthur.
Iron
Barrow in Furness,
.1884. Lost off the entrance to
216
Table XXI.
RETURN of MARINE CASES tried at the MARINE MAGISTRATE'S COURT, during the Year 1905.
Defendants how disposed of
NATURE OF CHARGE.
No. of Cases.
No. of Defendants.
Imprisonment with
Ĥard Labour.
Imprisonment with Hard Labour and forfeiture of pay,
Imprisonment with- out Hard Labour.
Imprisonment in default of fine.
Fined.
Forfeiture of
Pay.
Reprimanded.
Sent back to
duty.
Dismissed.
1
1
2
N
::
25
55
9
22
1
:
:
:
:
:
:
:.
:
12
185
22-2
Absent from ship without leave, Arrival without reporting, (Junk), Breach of condition of. Licence,
(Launch),
Disobeying the lawful orders of Har-
bour Master,
Harbour Regulations, (Breach of, by
Junks, &c.),
Impeding the progress of the voyage
of the ship by refusing to proceed
to sea,
Leaving without Clearance, (Junk), Neglect of duty,....
Plying without a Licence. (Boats),
Rules of the Road, Failed to observe,
(Steam-launches),
Refusal of duty,.
Wilfully using the steam whistles
other than for the purpose of navigation, (steam-launch),
Total,
228
:
12 33
:~
22
12
12
wo
3
45
22
18 235
55
3
:
:.
75
338
12 36 111
∞ : ~ :
8
:
Amount of
Fines.
:
:
:
:
:
:.
:
12:42
3
103
C.
30.00
40.00
213.50
112.00
10 64
1
15.00
...
29.00
:
:
:
:
10 66
133.00
...
45.00
$617.50
TABLE XXII. ·
niered at Hongkong, from 1867 to 1905 inclusive.
British Shipping Tonnage only,
: Foreign Shipping Tonnage only.
s Brilish and Foreign Shipping Tonnage.
nts Junk Tonnage only, excluding Local Trade.
Is Steam-launch Tonnage only, excluding Local Trade.
"epresents entire Trade in British and Foreign Ships, Junks and Steam-launches.
1878.
1879.
1880.
1881.
1882.
1883.
1834.
1885.
1886.
1887.
18$8.
1889.
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
1895.
1896
1897.
1898.
1899.
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905.
11,300,000
II,200,000
11,000,000
10,000,000
9,900,000
9,800,000
9,700,000
9,600,000
9,500,000
9,400,000
9,300,000
9,200,000
9,100,000
9,000,000
8,900,000.
8,800,000.
TONS.
11,000,000
10,000,000
9,900,000
9,800,000
9,700,000
9,600,000
9,500,000
9,400,000
9,300,000
9,200,000
9,100,000
9,000,000
8,900,000
8,800,000
8,700,000.
8,600,000.
8,500,000
8,400,000
8,300,000-
8,200,000
8,100,000...
8,000,000.
7,900,000
7,800,000
7,700,000
7,600,000.
7,500,000
7,400,000.
7,300,000.
7,200,000
7,100,000
7,000,000
6,900,000.
6,800,000
6,700,000.
6,600,000
6,500,000
6,400,000
6,300,000
6,200,000...
6,100,000
6,000,000
5,900,000.
5,800,000
5,700,000
5,600,000-
5:500,000-7
5,400,000.-
5,300,000
5,200,000
5,100,000
5,000,000...
4,900,000
4,800,000..
4,700,000
4,600,000
4,500,000...
4,400,000...
4,300,000
4,200,000
4,100,000
4,000,000
3,900,000
3,800,000
3,700,000
3,600,000
3,500,000
3,400,000
3,300,000
3,200,000
3,100,000
3,000,000
2,900,000
2,800,000
2,000,000
2,700,000
2,600,000
2,500,000
2,400,000
2,300,000
2,200,000
2,100,000
2,000,000
1,900,000
1,800,000
1,700,000
1,600,000
1,500,000
1,400,000
1,300,000
1,200,000
1,100,000
1,000,000
900,000
800,000
700,000
600,000
500,000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
90,000
80,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
m.
Toxs.
11,300,000
II,200,000
I 1,000 000
10,000,000
9.900,000
9,800,000
9,700,000
9,600.000
9,500,000
9,400,000
9,300,000
9,200,000
9,100,000
9,000,000
8,900,000
8,800,000
8,700,000
8,600,000
8,500,000
8,400,000
1207.
1868.
1869.
1870.
1871.
1872.
1873.
1874.
1875.
1876.
1877.
TABLE XXII.
DIAGRAM of Tonnage entered at Hongkong, from 1867 to 1905 inclusive
RED LINE represents British Shipping Tonnage only.
BLUE LINE represents Foreign Shipping Tonnage only.
GREEN LINE represents British and Foreign Shipping Tonnage.
YELLOW LINE represents Junk Tonnage only, excluding Local Trade.
VIOLET LINE represents Steam-launch Tonnage only, excluding Local Trade.
THICK BLACK LINE represents entire Trade in British and Foreign Ships, Jun/
1878.
1879.
1880.
1881. 1882.
1883. 1834. 1885. 1886. 1887.
*8381
1889.
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
8,400,000
8,300,000
8,200,000
8,100,000
8,000,000
7,900,000
7,800,000
7,700,000
7,600,000
7,500,000
.7,400,000
7,300,000
7,200,000
7,100,000
7,000,000
6,900,000
6,800,000
6,700,000
6,600,000
6,500,000
6,425,000
6,300,000
6,200,000
6,100,000
6,000,000
5,900,000
5,800,000
5,700,000
5,600,000
5,500,000
5,400,000
5,300,000
5,200,000
5,100,000
5,000,000
4,900,000
4,800,000
4,900,000
4,800,000
4,700,000
4,600,000
4,500,000
4,400,000
4,300,000
4,200,000
4,100,000
4,000,000
3,900,000
3,800,000
3,700,000
3,600,000
3,500,000
3,400,000
3,300,000
3,200,000
3,100,000
3,000,000
2,900,000
2,800,000
2,700,000
BLACK
2,600,000
2,500,000
2,400,000
2,300,000
2,200,000
2,100,000
2,000,000
1,900,000
1,800,000
1,700,000
1,600,000
1,500,000
1,400,000
YELLOW
1,300,000
GREEN
ᎠᏗ
-དཔཔཔདཔ〉༦
2,500,000
2,400,000
2,300,000
2,200,000
2,100,000
2,000,000
1,900,000
1,800,000
1,700,000
1,600,000
1,500,000
1,400,000
YELLOW
1,300,000
GREEN
1,200,000
1,100,000
1,000,000
900,000
RED
800,000
700,000
600,000
BLUE
500,000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
90,000
VIOLET
80,coo
50,000
40,000
30,000,
C
+
་
་་
219
APPENDIX A.
MERCANTILE MARINE OFFICE.
1. 21,350 Seamen were shipped and 24,280 discharged at Mercantile Marine Office and on board Ships during the year.
728 Distressed Seamen were received during the year, of these, 228 were sent home, 10 to Calcutta, 4 to Bombay, 5 to Colombo, 4 to Vancouver, 10 to Singapore, 2 to Aden, 25 to Sydney, 1 to Manila, 2 to Port Said, 1 taken charge of by U. S. Consul, 1 by Danish Consul, 7 by German Consul, 2 by Spanish Consul, 18 by French Consul, 1 by Netherlands Consul, 119 Passengers to Canton, 1 to Haiphong, 1 to Saigon, 2 to Shanghai, 1 to United King- dom, 1 to Colombo, 9 to Manila, 2 to Singapore, 1 to Port Darwin, 1 to San Francisco, 1 disappeared, 4 employed on shore, 1 joined Lappa Customs, 4 died at Government Civil Hospital, 1 died at Kennedy Town Hospital, 1 remained at Government Hospital, 2 at Sailors' Home, and 255 obtained employment.
$21,788.90 were expended by the Harbour Master on behalf of the Board of Trade in the relief of these distressed Seamen.
APPENDIX B.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS (OPIUM) OFFICE.
2. The return shows that during the year the amount of Opium reported was as follows:-
1904.
1905.
Increase.
Decrease.
Chests.
Chests.
Chests.
Chests.
Imported,..
45,936
43,928
....
2,008
Exported,
43,858
42,067/
1,791
Through Cargo reported but
14,587
not landed,
9,746
4,84012
Eighteen thousand and fourteen (18,014) permits were issued from this office during the year; being a decrease of 88 as compared with 1904.
A daily memo. of exports to Chinese ports was, during the year, supplied to the Com- missioner of Imperial Maritime Customs and a daily memo. of exports to Macau was supplied to the Superintendent of Raw Opium Department of Macau.
Surprise visits were paid to 110 godowns during the
year.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF OPIUM.
:
IMPORTS.
MALWA.
chests.
PATNA.
BENARES. PERSIAN.
TURKISH.
CHINESE.
TOTAL.
chests.
chests.
chests.
chests.
chests.
chests.
1904, 1905,
- 8,051
22,761
9,894
5,070
34
1.26
45,936
6,763
23,779
10,218.
2,922
35
211
43,928
Increase,... Decrease, 1,287
1,018
324
1
85
1,428
...
2,148
3,436
EXPORTS.
MALWA.
chests.
PATNA.
BENARES.
chests.
chests.
PERSIAN.
chests.
TURKISH.
CHINESE
TOT
chests.
chests.
ch
1904,
8,280
20,903
9,482
5,151
8
34
4'
1905,
5,888
22,906
9,917
3,140
47
169
4
Increase....
2,003
435
39
135
Decrease, . 2,3921/
2,01031
Through Cargo reported in Manifests but not landed
1904,. 1905,
14,587 c 9,746
Decrease,
4,8403
L
220
NUMBER OF PERMITS, &c., ISSUED.
1904
1905.
Increase. Decrease.
Landing Permits,
Removal Permits,
362
341
21
8,665
8,692
27
Export Permits,
9,075
8,981
94
Memo. of Exports to the Commissioner of Chinese Customs,
Memo. of Exports to the Superintendent of Raw Opium Depart-
ment, Macao,.
550
536
14
297
293
SUMMARY OF EXPORTS, 1905.
Malwa, Patna. Benares. Persian. Turkish. Chinese. chests. chests. chests. chests. chests. chests.
Total. chests.
Total in Piculs.
By Steamers to Amoy,
Bushire,. Canton, Changsha,. Chefoo,
Foochow,.
ཚེ :;
39
1,757
642
ગ
5
2,443 4
6,470 51
1,356
ลง
2
8,552
56
5
5
2,810.45.0 4.10.0
10,117.87.5
66.40.0
6.00.0
1,035
716
366
82531/0
2,942
3,179.53.8.
Hankow,..
Haiphong,
Herbertshoke,..
Hohow,
10 00
33
39
46.20.0
5
2
10.
11.02.5
1
1
1.20.0
00
225
19
252
300.80.0
Hoilow,
Kwong Chow Wan,
London,.
Масао,...
770
107
877
1,052.40.0
482
21.
503
599.92.5
:
35
29
64
64.87.5
4,356
16
:
4,372
5,246.40.0
Namtao,
39
39
46.80.0
New York,
11
11
11.27.5
Pakhoi,...
95
53
148
177.60.0
Panama,
13
13
15.60.0
Philippine Islands,.
602
615
206
Port Said,
Sandakan,
2
5
3
48
24
1,425 2
62
1,673.55.0
2.00.0 64.80.0
Shanghai,....
2,144
7,247
3,980
15
13,386
15,632.27.5
Straits Settlements,
22
234
25×
268.25.0
Swatow,
1,595
1,275
716
3,617
4,016.47.5
Tansui,
6
880
1,060
169
2,115
2,317.50.0
Tientsin,
3
4
4.80.0
Victoria, B. C.,
93
93
111.60.0
Weihaiwei,..
3
3.60.0⚫
Wuchow,
11
8
21.60.0
rious adjacent Ports in China, 329
420
7513
835.70.0
Total,
5,888
22,906
9,917
3,140
47
169 42,067
48,710.61.3
formation in Column 8 above is on the following assumption :-
Patna and Benares, per chest,.....
Malwa, Turkish and Chinese, per chest,
Persian, per chest,
1.20.0 pieuls.
1.00.0
1.02.5
"
!
{
•
221
—
APPENDIX C.
MARINE SURVEYOR'S OFFICE.
3. During the year, 188 vessels of 421,521 gross register tons were surveyed for Passen- ger Certificate and Bottom Inspection.
Of these, 115 of 297,811 tons were British and 73 of 123 710 tons were Foreign vessels viz.:-51 German of 86,139 tons, 9 French of 13,178 tons, 6 Chinese of 12,821 tons, 5 Norwegian of 6,439 tons, and 2 Italian of 5,133 tons. A comparison with the work for 1885, so far as Passenger Certificate and Bottom Inspection are concerned, may be of interest.
In that year the total tonnage surveyed was 242,801, of which 177,388 was British and 65,413 foreign.
The increase in British and Foreign shipping combined is, therefore, 178,720 tons or 73.6 per cent., as compared with that of twenty years ago.
In British shipping the proportion is 120,423 tons or 67.9 per cent. and in Foreign shipping 58,297 tons or 89.1 per cent.
During the year, 92 emigration surveys were held, of which 49 were on British and 44 on Foreign vessels; 17 vessels were measured for registration purposes, and 1 Foreign vessel for certificate of British tonnage; 1 inspection of crew space and 7 minor inspections took place.
193 passenger launches were surveyed, 23 boilers were inspected during construction, and 172 inspections of Government launches were made while under repair.
RETURN of WORK performed by the GOVERNMENT MARINE
DEPARTMENT DURING THE LAST TEN
YEARS.
SURVEYOR'S
Years.
Passenger
Certificate and
Inspection of
Bottom.
Emigration.
Tonnage for Registration.
British Tonnage
Foreign Vessels.
Certificate for
Inspection of Crew Space, Lights and
Markings.
Minor Inspec- tion.
Survey of Licen- sed Passenger Steam-launches.
Survey of Boilers under Construction.
Inspection of Government
1896,
142
1897,
158
1898, 164
1899,
144
8235
68
79
24
83
10
61
10
1900,
151
83
1901,
157
92
1902; 175
93
1903,
190
111
1904, 196
125
35
1905,
188
93
5333037251
*50{{Qink}"[
Examination of Engineers.
Examination of
neers for Steam- launches.
Chinese Engi-
Estimated Total Number of Visits in
connection with fore-
going Inspection,
INNA CONUIH O
3
0
.97
Ι
1
109
121
235
20
37
66
1,409
41
35
96
51
1,631
61
26
48
1,729
134
62
27
57
78
1,602
187
73
47
99
124
1,834
217
36
102
88
118
2,031
210
25
126
109
76
1,768
184
30
126
85
72
2,107
203
45
126
82
104
2,140
193
23
172
77
81
1,989
APPENDIX D.
GUNPOWDER DEPOT.
4. During the year 1905 there has been stored in the Government Gunpowder Depôt Stonecutters' Island:
Approxi-
No. of cases.
mate
weight.
lbs.
Gunpowder, privately owned,
Do. Government owued,.
Cartridges, privately owned,.
Do. Government owned,
Explosive Compounds, privately owned,.
Do.,
Non-explosives, privately owned,
5,743
123,315
1,229
103,726
2,180
433,575
· 1,445
336,845
860
48,328
Government owned,
1,967
133,616
29
3,500
Do.,
Government owned,
1,287
123,542
Total,
14,740 1,306,447
222
During the same period there has been delivered out of the Depôt :-
Approxi-
No. of cases.
mate
weight.
Ibs.
For Sale in the Colony
Gunpowder, privately owned,
953
20,330
Cartridges, privately owned,
87 29,200
Explosive Compounds, privately owned,
360
19,750
Nou-explosives, privately owned,
For Export:-
Gunpowder, privately owned,
1,781
36,525
Cartridges, privately owned,.
563
89,900
Explosive Compounds, privately owned, Non-explosives, privately owned,
277
15,050
26 2,875
Total,
4,047
213,630
On the 31st December, 1905, there remained as follows:
Approxi-
No. of cases.
mate
weight.
Ibs.
Gunpowder, privately owned,
Do. Government owned,
Cartridges, privately owned,
Do. Government owned,
3,009
66,460
330
20,662
1,530
314,475
47
4,550
Explosive Compounds, privately owned,..
223
13,528
Do.
Government owned,
970
47,356
Non-explosives, privately owned,
3
625
Do.
Government owned,
706
70,300
Total,
6,818
538,096
APPENDIX E.
LIGHTHOUSES.
5. The amount of Light Dues collected was as follows:-
Class of Vessels.
Rate. No. of per ton. Ships.
Tonnage.
Total Fees collected.
$
C.
Ocean Vessels,
1 cent 4,006
6,741,155
67,411.55
1
156 1,638
456
288 2,591 2,004,987 8,727 1,101,738 16,223
10,774
107.74 6,685.06
29.10
Steam Launches,
3 ""
3 ""
River Steamers, (Night Boats), River Launches, (Night Boats), River Steamers, (Day Boats),. Free. River Launches, (Day Boats), Free.
Total,
9,135 9,583,604 74,233.45
Gap Rock.
Owing to exceptional weather conditions at this station the telegraph cable was broken close to the Rock on the 26th of July. Temporary repairs were effected by the 8th August, and the line was in good working order. A Telegraph Cable Ship then became available, and her services were engaged to make permament repairs, which were completed on the 24th August. Unfortunately, the shore end of the cable was not properly secured on the Rock, with the result that the cable again parted during the typhoon of the 30th August. The N.E. Monsoon setting in shortly after this rendered the work of repairing extremely difficult, and communication was not restored until the 14th December, since which date the line has worked without a hitch, though the cementing in of the shore end has not been completed on account of the heavy sea.
-
:
223
Notwithstanding these interruptions of communications, 618 vessels were reported from Gap Rock, in addition to 200 messages received and 2,401 sent, including weather reports to the Observatory.
One hundred and ninety hours and ten minutes of fog were reported from this station during the year, and the fog signal gun was fired 1,178 times.
On two occasions the relief was delayed by the rough sea.
Waglan.
1,484 vessels were reported from this station by telephone during the year. Owing to temporary interruptions of communication, 419 vessels were not reported. In addition, 85 messages were received and 125 sent.
Four hundred and thirty seven hours and twelve minutes of fog were reported during the year, and the fog signal gun was fired four thousand four hundred and seventy four
times.
On September 20th a typhoon was reported, and, in consequence, the relief was delayed from that date until the 25th. This is the only occasion which has yet occurred of the relief being delayed by the rough sea.
Cape D'Aguilar.
The reports from this station were discontinued during the year, being superfluous, and on the 11th August, on the removal of the Cape D'Aguilar light, the station was vacated by this Department.
Green Island.
The new tower, to take the former Cape D'Aguilar Light, is now completed, and the light placed in position, with occulting gear complete. It will be displayed from the 1st day of the new year.
Capshuimun.
The character of this light was altered on the 1st April. The new light is RED, 6th Order, Dioptric, visible 6 miles.
No. 1906
2
HONGKONG.
REPORT ON THE TEACHING OF HYGIENE IN THE SCHOOLS OF HONGKONG.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
Towards the end of the year 1903, a Circular was received from the Secretary of State for the Colonies, forwarding a copy of a Despatch from the Governor of Lagos on the subject of teaching Hygiene in schools. It was suggested in the Circular that "skilfully arranged lessons on the natural history of the causes of the most important tropical diseases might be made very attractive to childreu, and that such teaching would be of practical utility in the future."
The Secretary of State desired to be informed whether any teaching of this nature was at that time being given in the schools of Hongkong, or whether it could profitably be given.
2. Hygiene had not at that time been taught in the schools of the Colony, except here and there in a sporadic and disconnected way, under the names of Domestic Science and Physiology. To advise how the subject might be conveniently introduced, Mr. MAY, the Officer Administering the Government, appointed a Committee, consisting of the Principal Civil Medical Officer, the Headmaster of Queen's College and the Inspector of Schools, to draw up a scheme for the Colony. Their Report, sent in in February, 1904, recommended that-
(a) the subject should be made compulsory in the Anglo-Chinese
Schools of the Colony ;
(b.) it should be taught orally in the lower Standards, and by means of
simple text books in the higher;
(c.) the Medical Officer of Health should be requested to draw up a
Syllabus.
The Syllabus suggested in (c.) as first drawn up required considerable modi- fication, and finally His Excellency the Governor outlined a completer Course of Instruction, which was embodied in the Course of Hygiene now used in the Schools, compiled at the close of 1904 by Dr. W. W. PEARSE, Medical Officer of Health.
3. His Excellency decided that the subject, with this Course as a basis, should be made compulsory in all Government and Grant Schools and the Grant Code was amended conformably early in March, 1905. At the suggestion of Dr. WRIGHT and myself, it was further decided that the Advanced Course should be taught to Standards VII and VI, and the Elementary Course to Standards V, IV and III that the time given to the subject should be 2 weekly periods of hour each and that one of these should be occupied with reading the Course, and the other with the subject treated as an object lesson.
4. It having been decided by His Excellency that progress should be tested by an examination, one was accordingly held at the beginning of December last, as described below. The results were the fruit of less than 8 months' work, broken by the Summer holidays. Delay was also caused by the necessity of procuring the books of reference for the Advanced Course from Home. One or two Grant Schools elected to defer beginning the subject till after the close of their school-year in June. But on the whole, work was started without needless delay; nor did the teachers find much difficulty in grasping the proper way of imparting instruction. A few suggestions are made at the end of this Report. The number of pupils under instruction is returned as 1,524, of whom 307 or 20 per cent.. took the Advanced Course. Details are given in Appendix A.
II.
5. Ilis Excellency the Governor having offered prizes of $100, $50 and $25 for the 3 best papers done by pupils studying the Advanced Course, and a Shield with 2 prizes of $15 and $10 for the school which should send in the best Team of 10 competitors from the Standards taking the Elementary Course, these rewards
4
were given on the results of the before-mentioned examination, which was under- taken by the Principal Civil Medical Officer and the Medical Officer of Health. The papers set are given in Appendix B. Appendix C shews the arrangements made for the conduct of the examination: these were left to Some suggestions as to how the conditions of the examination might be modified by the present experience, are given at the end of this Report.
me.
6. The examination for the Advanced Course was held for the boys at Queen's College, and for the girls at the Belilios Public School. The questions were, with one exception, the same for boys and girls. Seven boys' schools and five girls' schools competed, the total number of candidates being 79. The first prize fell to N. J. EZRA of St. Joseph's; the second to W. DRUDE of the Diocesan School and Orphanage; the third to ENRIQUETA FELICES of the Italian Convent and to HUNG IU-CHI of Queen's College, bracketed equal.
7. Without wishing to detract in any way from the credit due to the success- ful schools, it will be worth while to regard the results rather closely, in order to see as clearly as possible how far each of the competing schools has succeeded in reaching the standard that might reasonably be expected of it. For this purpose I have analysed the marks, as given in Apendix D), and have endeavoured to shew that allowances should be made for immaturity of years in the competitors, and for scanty numbers in the Classes from which the competitors were chosen. I have disregarded in my analysis the work done by all but the 3 best candidates from each school, partly because some schools sent in only 3 candidates, but also be- cause others sent in many for the educational advantage which those candidates would derive from the examination, and without any regard to the question whe- ther they were not thereby pulling down the school's average of marks. Thus marked, and paying heed for the moment to nothing but the actual result, it will be seen that five schools-Italian Convent, Queen's College, Diocesan Boys', St. Joseph's, and Ellis Kadoorie School-obtained 70 or more marks per cent., a result which, (taking into consideration the short time during which the subject has been studied) cannot be regarded as otherwise than very satisfactory. Next comes a group of 5 schools-Belilios, French Convent and Kowloon School bracketed, Diocesan Girls' and Saiyingpun-with rather more than half marks, and very little to choose between them. Making the same allowances as for the first five, these on their marks must be considered to have done well. Last come the Victoria. School and Cathedral School, whose papers earned exceedingly low marks of these the latter is not a strong school, (see my last two Annual Reports); the failure of the former is considered in Appendix F.
8. If the figures in Appendix D are now further considered, it will be seen that there are two other factors which, while they cannot detract from the cre lit won by results, seem to reveal cases where the mere figures can scarcely be considered to have plumbed the efforts of teachers and pupils. Eliminating Saisingpun, which was unavoidably late in beginning the Advanced Course, the schools in the second category, while they scored about 18 per cent. fewer marks than the first five schools, sent in competitors who were younger by 1 years, and were selected from 19 pupils instead of from 254. It may be argued that the Chinese comperi- tors, if their age favours them, are hampered by their difficulty in expressing their ideas in English; and that the masters of big Classes, if they have more material to choose from, have also to give their attention to greater numbers at the same time. To say that victory must go with the big battalions because it has done so on this occasion, would be unreasonable. I have, however, thought it worth while to draw attention to these points, in order that when, another year, the terms of the competition are considered, the facts may be accessible. There is nothing to shew that the girls are at a disadvantage as compared with the boys.
9. Reference to Appendix B shews that the questions set on the Advanced Course were easy; but this was only fair, as the time for preparation was so short. Appendix D also gives a Table shewing the sum of the marks gained by the three best competitors from each school on each question. Attention is also drawn to the best and worst answers. It is hoped that this Table will be of use to teachers, shewing them where their weak points lie. The noticeable unevenness in the figures given for different questions in the same school can best be accounted for
5
on the hypothesis, that the course was too long for the time of preparation, and while what was studied was studied to good effect, much has been treated in an introductory fashion only. I have divided the marks under the headings, Good, Fair and Bad, according as they exceeded 60, or fell below 40, or lay between 60 and 40 per cent. Taking the gross result, one question was well answered on this calculation, and the rest were fair.
10. The examination for the Elementary Course took the form of a competi- tion between Teams of 10 members drawn from the lower Standards, the Shield (which is to be held for one year) going to the Team earning the greatest aggregate number of marks. And the 2 prizes were in the same way assigned to the 2 best com- petitors of the winning Team, and not necessarily to the 2 best of all; the object being to encourage a high average standard of work in the schools. Ten Teams competed, other schools were unable to send in large enough Teams to make a fair compa- rison possible. The papers were worked, under proper supervision, at the compet- ing schools. The Shield went to Queen's College, and the prizes to R. EASTLAKE and to IP U-PAK.
11. In Appendix E is given an analysis of the marks. Every school obtained half marks and over, except Yaumati with 47 per cent. The marking does not strike me as lenient, and the result is very satisfactory. In this examination the performances of the schools seem to bear a less mechanical relation to the circums- tances of age and numerical strength. The low age of the field from which the Team of St. Joseph's was drawn, singles it out for commendation, in spite of the size of the field. But perhaps of those that failed to command success the Belilios Public School deserve it best. That Team, youngest and chosen from the smallest field, took the fifth place. The Italian Convent, Wantsai and the Diocesan Girls' School also did well. The Diocesan School for Boys and Yaumati took lower places than was to have been expected; and still more so the Ellis Kadoorie School.
12. Appendix E also shews the average number of marks obtained by each Team for each question in the examination. Of the 7 questions, 2 may be consi- dered to have been well done considering all things; the rest were fairly done.
III.
13. There is no doubt in my mind that a really practical knowledge of the rudiments of Hygiene has been acquired. That was my impression before the examination, the results of which only serve to confirm it. The best papers were full and accurate: the worst contained singularly little of the meaningless verbi- age, which examiners learn to look for at the bottom of any considerable number of papers. On the contrary, the worst papers, with few exceptions, gave me the idea, that the writers were either struggling to express a correct idea, though language failed them; or else they were in the position of one, who has fully comprehended an argument, but finds that he is unable to recollect all the stages thereof, when he wishes to repro.luce it. Many faults also were faults of omission rather than of commission. As an example, I will quote one of the worst replies of the worst boy in the worst Team to the question on the uses of cooking. He says:-"Because food has millions of germs in it, and they make us have inany diseases, so that we cook our food to destroy ail gerins and we can escape from diseases."
14. The papers were very fair, if I may be allowed to say so. I cannot help regretting the absence of a question on the sources of malaria. Thanks to the action of the Government, that disease is disappearing from Hongkong: but its prophylaxis will not cease to be of vital importance to Chinese bys, as long as they continue to return for their holidays to fever-ridden homes.
15. Turning to the methods employed in teaching the subject, I do not think all the teachers taught as much by experiments as they might have done. A few seem to be unable to dissociate the word from the ideas of stoppered bottles and small explosions. A little ingenuity is indeed required. I have been asked with rhetorical effect, whether I proposed to shew Classes by experiment the
effects of an excess of Carbon Dioxide. And yet by breathing through a straw into lime water (a preparation which no family is without) the ravages of this gas may be illustrated in the most startling manner. I wonder how many of the pupils who discoursed on damp courses, had been taken to the nearest house under construction, to see one.
16. The Elementary Course is not long, and few children leave English and Anglo-Chinese Schools before reaching the Fourth Standard. If they do, I do not think they will have been able to assimilate much of the teaching in so short a time. I am therefore of opinion that instruction in Hygiene might be deferred till Standard IV. The Handbook is really too hard for Standard III to use as a Reader.
17. Another year, something should be done, at any rate in the examination on the Advanced Course, to put the small schools on a less disadvantageous foot- ing. It would be only fair if Queen's College treated the Divisions of her Classes as separate units; they number more pupils than the Standards of the other schools. In the team examination the College had at its disposal no less than 12 Divisions, and could make up a Team out of the top boys, and still have 2 in
reserve.
IV.
18. In appendix G is given an extract from the Annual Report of the Head- master of Queen's College, in which he deals with the teaching of this subject and the results attained at the College during the year.
EDWARD A. IRVING,
January 31st, 1906:
Inspector of Schools.
Appendix A.
NUMBERS INSTRUCTED IN HYGIENE. IN 1905.
School.
Queen's College, St. Joseph's, Diocesan Boys',
Standards III to V.
Standards
Total.
VI & VII.
550
150
700
123
35
158
92
31
123
Italian Convent,
69
19
88
Ellis Kadoorie,
63
23
86
Wantsui,
56
56
Cathedral School,
42
47
Yaumati,
42
42
Diocesan Girls',
32
3
35
Belilios School,
21
3
24
Victoria School,
8
13
21
Kowloon School,
4
ī
11
French Convent,
13
19
Saiyingpun,......
10
18
St. Mary's,
17
21
St. Stephen's,
61
61
Victoria Grant School,.
6
6
Fairlea,
S
307
1,524
Total,............... 1,217
Note. These are the numbers who have received instruction during
the year. They were not necessarily all under instruction at the time of the examination. The last 4 schools did not compete.
-
!
7
Appendix B.
EXAMINATION PAPERS.
December, 1905.
I-ADVANCED COURSE FOR BOYS.
(Time allowed-Two hours and a half.)
1. What is meant by saying that 6 per 1,000 volumes of CO2 in the air is the limit of impurity permissible in the air of dwelling rooms; and how is this limit arrived at ?
2. Mention the different kinds of domestic filters you know, and explain why some of them are really useless or even dangerous to health.
3. How are food substances classified? Give examples of each class. What quantities approximately of each class of food substances are necessary daily for a man doing moderately hard work?
4. How does the value of clothing vary with its material, thickness and colour?
5. What is a damp course? What means can be adopted to keep basement rooms dry?
6. What is the best method of dealing with nightsoil and urine-
(1) In the country?
(2) In a city?
7. What is meant by the incubation period of an infectious disease; and of what value is the knowledge of the incubation periods of different diseases in pre- venting their spread?
II.-ADVANCED COURSE FOR GIRLS.
The Girls' paper was the same as the Boys', except that for question 6 the following was substituted :-
Explain the importance of training Nullahs and natural watercourses
near inhabited houses in a tropical country.
III-ELEMENTARY COURSE FOR BOYS AND GIRLS.
(Time allowed :--Two hours.)
1. What amount of fresh air is necessary for a man to breathe every hour; and what will happen to the air of a room in which people are sleeping all night, if the windows and doors are kept shut ?
2. What would you do to prevent a village will from being made foul by dirty water getting into it?
3. Why do we cook our food before we eat it?
4. Why is the clothing pad led with cotton wool, which is largely used by the Chinese in winter, not a healthy kind of clothing?
5. What would you recommend to be done to a kitchen in a Chinese tenement house, so as to make it as sanitary as possible?
6. What is the proper thing for each householder in Hongkong to do with the different waste matters from his house every day?
7. What is the danger in the habit of spitting anywhere over the floors of houses?
1
S
Appendix C.
DIRECTIONS ISSUED IN CONNECTION WITH THE XAMINATIONS.
CIRCULAR.
To Managers of English Grant Schools.
His Excellency the Governor is very anxious to encourage a knowledge of Hygiene in the English Schools of the Colony. He has therefore had printed the accompanying work, which he wishes to make a compulsory subject in Grant Schools. Section 26 Note (1) of the Code will shortly be amended accordingly.
The book is divided into two Courses-Advanced and Elementary. The Elementary Course should be taken by Standard III, IV and V, and the Advanced Course by Standards VI and VII. The lessons can conveniently be taken as reading leasons or as object lessons. and it is desired that each lesson should be taken first as the oue and then as the other. When taken as object lessons, they should be illustrated by simple apparatus. Two lessons a week of three-quarters of an hour each should be ample.
The books will shortly be on sale at cost price (about 25 cents), and I shall be much obliged if you will let me know as soon as possible how many copies are likely to be used this year in your schools. Each scholar in Standards III and above should have a copy.
With a view to stimulating interest in the subject, His Excellency has kindly offered 3 prizes of $100, $50 and $30, to be competed for among the scholars (boys and girls) of the Colony, at an annual examination to be held in December .on the Advanced Course. Managers should forward the names of candidates to
me not later than 1st November, 1905.
EDWARD A. IRVING, Inspector of Schools.
1
CIRCULAR.
To Managers of Government and Grant English and Anglo-Chinese Schools. With reference to my former Circular on the examinations in Hygiene (attached), I have now much pleasure in announcing that His Excellency the Governor has supplemented his former generous offer by undertaking to give. further encouragement to the pupils in the lower Standards an 1 Classes, in the following manner :-
I. A Shield is offered to the School which sends in the best papers done
by a team of scholars.
IV, and 5 from When the Stand-
II. Each team must consist of 5 scholars from Standar
Standard V (or from the corresponding Classes). ards or Classes are very small, it is in the discretion of the Inspector, on the application of the Headmaster or Manager, to allow a sinaller team to compete.
III. The Shield will be given to the School whose team obtains the greatest aggregate number of marks, allowance being made for teams of less than 10 under II above.
IV. One prize of $15 will be given to the best paper done by a Standard V competitor, and one of $10 for the best paper done by a Standard IV competitor, in the winning team.
V. The prizes will be the absolute property of the winners; but the Shield
will be held by the successful School for one year only. The name of the School will be engraven upon it.
VI. The examination will be based upon the Preliminary Course in the Government Handbook upon Hygiene, and no questions will be set which do not arise naturally out of the text.
:
9
VII. The examinations will be held early in December at the competing
Schools on the same day.
VIII. The following rules should be carefully observed: a breach thereof will
disqualify the School concerned :-
(a.) Competitors may not write their names nor the name of their
School on their papers.
(b.) On completion of the time prescribed, the Headmaster will collect the papers and write "A" and "B" at the head of the papers done by Standard IV and Standard V respectively, and also head each paper with a distinguishing motto.
(c.) The papers shall then be sent to the Inspector in a sealed envelope
without a covering letter or comments of any kind,
d.) After having examined the papers and selected the winning team, the Inspector will ask the competing Schools to inform him as to their mottoes. Thus he will not himself know the name of the successful School until the correction of the papers has been completed.
(e.) Finally the Headmaster of the winning team will be required to give a written assurance that the work was done within the prescribed time, and that all precautions were taken to prevent unfairness. IX. All schools under the Inspectorate will be expected to take the papers, but those only will be eligible to compete for the Shield and prizes, as well as for the prizes offered in the former Circular, who shall have notified their intention of doing so to the Inspector on or before November 1st.
Hongkong, 7th October, 1905.
EDWARD A. IRVING,
Inspector of Schools.
CIRCULAR.
To Managers of Government and Grant English and Anglo-Chinese Schools.
Referring to my former Circular, it has been pointed out that under the present rules boys in Standard III have no chance of competing. With the consent of His Excellency the Governor, Rule II of my Circular of 7th October is amended to read as follows:-
"II.-Each team must consist of 10 scholars, of whom not more than 5 shall be from Standard V, and the rest from Standards IV or III, or from both. Where &c."
Rule IV will in consequence also be amended, and will now read :-
"IV. One prize of $15 will be given for the best paper in the winning team, and one prize of $10 for the best paper done by a boy in Standards III or IV in the winning team.
Hongkong, 3rd November, 1905.
EDWARD A. Irving,
Inspector of Schools.
Directions to the Head Masters for the Conduct of the Examinations.
ADVANCED COURSE.
The above examination will be held on the morning of Tuesday, 5th Decem- ber, at 10 A.M.
Boy Candidates will be examined at Queen's College; Girl Candidates will be examined at the Belilios Public School.
Candidates should be in their places by 9.45.
Stationery will be provided.
10
ELEMENTARY Course.
I.-Open this envelope and distribute the enclosed papers on Tuesday, the 5th December, 1905, at 10 a.m. precisely.
II.-Warn competitors that they should not write their names nor their Standards nor the name of their school at the head of their papers.
III. Be present throughout the whole examination, and take every precau- tion to prevent unfairness.
IV. At 11.45 a.m, warn competitors that there are only five more minutes. At noon precisely, collect the papers.
V.-Number the papers from 1 to 10. Keep a list of the names of the competitors on a separate list, numbered correspondingly.
[N.B.-This second list is only to facilitate future reference, and is NOT
to be sent to the Inspector of Schools.]
VI. At the head of each competitor's papers write the distinguishing motto of the school.
[N.B.--There should be the same motto for all the 10 competitors; and
NOT a separate motto for each one.]
VII.-Mark the papers done by Standard IV (or III) with an "A", and those done by Standard V with a "B".
VIII-Finally send the papers to the Inspector of Schools, in a sealed envelope, without a covering letter or comments of any kind.
Appendix D.
RESULTS OF EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 1905.
ADVANCED COURSE.
SUM OF MARKS OF 3 BEST CANDIDATES.
SCHOOL.
Max. 15.
QUESTION I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII.
Italian Convent,.
Total. Average Field
of age of Max.
Candi- Selec- 105. dates. tion.
REMARKS.
Queen's College,..
10 10 10 11
Diocesan Boys',
10
15 12 7 14 10
12 14 11 10
14
15 13 82 16 13 12 11
St. Joseph's,
10
13
61 101 їз 73 14
Ellis Kadoorie,
10
15 7 11
13 12 73 17
XXZR*
19 82 18 150 81 15
Won 3rd prize.
Won 3rd prize.
31
Won 2nd prize.
35
Wou 1st prize.
19
•
13
Belilios,
13
5
5
61 15
3
4
Kowloon,
6
15
12
French Convent,
12 10
Diocesan Girls',
Saiyingpun,.
Victoria,
Cathedral,
AVERAGE MARK
6720
4
18∞ ∞
A
10
59 14
7
ဆရာ
11 59 15
12
9
58 14
3
9
55 17
8
21
12
13
11/1
0
17
5
(OUT OF 15), |
6.8
7.2
11.4
9
7.3 9.2
9.1
8.6
Not-The figures in red are over 60 per cent. of full marks; those in black type under 40 per cent.
www.am
11
Appendix E.
RESULTS OF EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 1905.
ELEMENTARY COURSE.
SUM OF MARKS OF CANDIDATES.
Total. Average Field
SCHOOL.
Max. 50.
of age of Max.
Candi- Selec- 350. dates. tion.
REMARKS.
QUESTION I.
II.
III. IV. V.
Queen's College,... 28
37
48
30 41
St. Joseph's,
.29
36
48
37
28
16
VI. VII. 29 30 33
243
17.
550
Won Shield.
227 12 125
Italian Convent,
29 28
35
37 32
30
33 224
14
69
Wantsai,
36
30
32
30
32
23
218
16
56
Belilios,
•
30
31
45
23
28
23
34
214
12
21
Diocesan Girls',
33
26
30
30
24
31
33
207 13
32
Diocesan Boys',
28
29
25
25
27
27
33
194
13
92
Ellis Kadoorie,
32
32
34
25
19
12
34
188
17
63
Cathedral,
23
36
17
20
11 18 146
42
Only 8 in Team.
Yaumati,
27
29
29
22
20
17 24 168
15
42
AVERAGE MARK
(PER CENT.),
59
61
74
57
55
47
60
59
:
:
Note The figures in red are over 60 per cent. of full marks; those in black type under 40 per cent.
Appendix F.
Remarks on Examination of Children from Victoria School.
The failure of the Victoria School in the examination on the Advanced Course seems to call for explanation. The Headmaster points out--
(a.) that the subject was only begun in the middle of the Autumn Term, as there were not sufficient pupils capable of receiving instruction before then;
(b.) that the average age of the pupils is only 12, and that they are not men- tally fit for the study of the Advanced Course;
(c.) that they were only entered under pressure from myself.
With regard to the last point, it is true that when I learned that there were not enough pupils to form a Team, I requested Mr. WILLIAMS to send them in for the Advanced Course, rather than that a Government School should be altogether unrepresented at the examinations.
Appendix G.
Extract from the Annual Report on Queen's College by the Headmaster.
*
*
*
10. Hygiene.-By Circular in 1904 the Secretary of State urged on the Crown Colonies the importance of teaching this subject. The Governor of Hong- kong at once made Hygiene a compulsory part of the school curriculum, and to stimulate the necessary interest until the novelty of the subject should have worn off, His Excellency provided several prizes, which for value compare rather with scholarships. I am pleased to report that HUNG IU-CHI, a genuine Queen's College product, was bracketed third in the Schools' competition in the Advanced Course, while by the success of our Team of ten boys in the Elementary Course, the name of Queen's College will head the list inscribed on the Shield. ROBERT EASTLAKE of III A. and IP U-PAK of IV B. were selected by the Examiners for prizes as
12.
having obtained the highest marks in their respective classes. In the Spring of the year there were in Queen's College, over 700 boys receiving instruction on Hygiene, but this number dwindled through boys leaving school, until there re- mained for the Annual Examination 606, of whom 386 or 64 per cent. passed. The result is better exhibited in tabular form :-
Class
I. 45 boys examined, 37 or 82% passed, I. A. 94%
II. 75
59
""
>"
""
79 "
II. A.
92%
""
III. 127
93
73,,
III. A.
91%
33
""
IV. 170
""
>"
100 58,,
IV. A.
79%
99
¿
V. 189
97 -54,,
V. A. 70%
•
""
23
It is thus evident that all the English Masters, who alone teach this subject, have entered with spirit into the teaching of Hygiene, and I may add that in the College examination the boys themselves exhibited in their answers an amount of interest that quite surprised me. Since a first year's work can produce such satisfactory results, we are justified in supposing that in another three years after a progressive course of education in this subject in the Third and Second Classes, the boys in the First Class may really acquire Advanced knowledge in Hygiene.
3
No. 1906
HONGKONG.
JURORS LIST FOR 1906.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
!
HONGKONG
TO WIT.
NAME IN FULL.
I.--SPECIAL JURORS.
Anton, Charles Edward Arima, Tadaichi......... Babington, Anthony Barton, John Beattie, Andrew.. Becker, Arthur Wilhelm
Arthur.......
Bérindoague, Louis Bird, Herbert William Boiles, John Walker Brown, David Ellsworth
Bryer, Alfred
OCCUPATION.
ABODE.
Merchant, Jardine, Matheson & Co., | Red Hill, Peak. Manager, Osaka Shosen Kaisha...... Merchant, Shewan, Tomes & Co., Assistant, Jardine, Matheson & Co., Manager, W. R. Loxley & Co.,
Merchant, Sander, Wieler & Co., Manager, Banque de l'Indo-Chine, Architect, Palmer & Turner, Attorney, Standard Oil Company, General Agent, Canadian Pacific
Railway Co.,
Architect, Leigh & Orange.....
Butterworth, Harold Thornton Merchant, Butterfield & Swire,
Chan A Fook.....
Chau Siu Ki
Clark, Duncan
Cochrane, Thomas Park
Craddock, Douglas William ... Cruickshank, William Arthur
Carruthers Dann, George Harry
David, Abralfẩm Jacob Davis, William Herbert Tren-
chard
Denison, Albert ...
Douglas, James Tory Dowley, Walter Arthur.. Forbes, Andrew Freyvogel, Ernest
Fuchs, Friedrich
Arnold.....
Herniann
Fuhrmann, Ernst Richard. Fung Wa Chin ...............
Gibbs, Lawrence, Goddard, Frederick Day Göetz, Erust
Gordon, Alexander Grant...... Gourdin, Allston O'Driscoll ... Grace, Charles Heary Graham, Walter Donglas Gubbay, Charles Sassoon
Haskell, David
Haupt, Armin.....
Hewett, Edbert Ansger. Hinds, Edward Harvey. Ho Fook
lo Tung..
Hooper, Augustus Shelton......
Hongh, Thomas Frederick......
Howard, Albert Hughes, Edward Jones...
Humphreys, Heury
Director, Watkins, Ltd.,
Secty., Chun On Fire Insur. Co., Ld., Storekeeper, Lane, Crawford & Co., Manager, Chartered Bank of I., A.
& China,
Asst., Canadian Pacific Railway Co.,
Merchant, Jardine, Matheson & Co., Merchant, H. Wicking & Co........
Merchant, S. J. Davil & Co., .........
Manager, Commercial Union Insur-
ance Co., L.,
Civil Engineer, Denison, Ram &
Gibbs,
Marine Surveyor, Goddard & Douglas, General Manager, Vacuum Oil Co..... Merchant, Bradley & Co., Manager, Russo-Chinese Bank,
Merchant, Siemssen & Co., Merchant, Reuter, Bröckelmann & Co., Compradore, Shewan, Tomes & Co., Architect, Denison, Ram & Gibbs,... Marine Surveyor, Goddard & Donglus, Merchant, Arnhold, Karberg & Co.....| Engineer, A. G. Gordon & Co., Assistant Secretary, H'kong Club, Secretary, Hongkong Club,.. Commission Agent, Merchant, D. Sassoon & Co.,.. Merchant,
Merchant, Melchers & Co., Superintendent. P. & O. S. N. Co.,... Manager, McGregor Bros. & Gow,... Compradore, Jardine, Matheson &Co., Merchant,
Secretary, HK. Land Investment &
Agency Co., Ld., Broker, & Govt. Auctioneer, Hughes
& Hough,
Merchant, David Sassoon Sons & Co., Broker, & Govt. Auctioneer, Hughes
& Hough,
Merchant, J. D. IIumphreys & Sen.
|
St. George's Buildings. The Peak.
Hotel Mansions.
The Peak.
Queen's Bg., Des Voeux Road. The Peak.
Elliott Crescent,Robinson Rd.
Barker Road.
1 Des Voeux Road.
1 Connaught Road.
Queen's Road.
2 Queen's Road West. Lane, Crawford & Co.
Charter House. Peak Hotel.
The Peak.
St. George's Buildings, Des
Vœux Road, Prince's Building.
Wolceton, The Peak.
Ebordale, Peak. Prince's Building, Hongkong Hotel. Queen's Buildings. Bank.
The Peak. 31 Robinson Road,
The Bluff, Peak. Queen's Gardens, Peak Road. Luyinsland, Peak Road. Tor Crest, The Peak. Tarawera, Upper Richd. Rd. Morrison HII.
Alexandra Buildings, 7 Queen's Road, Central. Des Voeux Road, Central. Queen's Buildings. The Peak.
Glenshiel, Peak Road. Caine Road.
1 Macdonnell Road.
8 Des Vœux Road. Robinson Road.
Des Voeux Road. Alexandra Buildings.
NAME IN FULL.
14
SPECIAL JURORS,-Continued.
OCCUPATION.
A BODE.
Jessen, Johann Heinrick .... Kiene, Ferdinand Francis Fre-
derick
Lammert, George Philip Lan Chü Pak
Lauts, Johann Theodor
Law, Donaldson Riddell, Layton, Bendyshe,.... Leiria, João Joaquim... Lewis, Lawrence Scolfield.... Lowe, Arthur Rylands Mackenzie, Alexander Maitland, Francis
Marten, Richard......
May, Charles William
Medhurst, George Harold
Merchant, Jebsen & Co.,
Insurance Agent, Auctioneer,
Assistant, A. S. Watson & Co., Merchant, Lants, Wegener & Co., Manager. Butterfield & Swire,.. Layton & Co.,
Merchant, J. J. dos Remedios & Co., Chief Clerk. P. & O. S. N. Co.,
King's Buildings.
Kowloon.
Elliott Crescent. Queen's Road Central. 21 Conduit Road.
The Peak.
Arbuthnot Road. P. & O. S. N. Co.
Secretary, Chamber of Commerce, ... 6 Queen's Gardens.
Merchant, Arthur & Co.,
Merchant, Linstead & Davis,
Merchant, Rädecker & Co.,
Chief-Acct., H.K. & S'hai Bank,.. Manager, Dodwell & Co., Ld.,
Melchers, Friedrich Wilhelm... Merchant, Wendt & Co.,
Michael, Joseph Rahamin......
Broker,
Mihara, Andrew Shigekichi... Manager, Nippon Yusen Kaisha,
Minami, S.
Mitchell, Edward William.....
Mitchell, Robert..........
Moxon, Geoffrey Charles Northcote, Mowbray Stafford.
Orange, James Osborne, Edward Ough, Arthur Heury Parlane, William Pemberton, George William
Cyril
Peter, John Charles Pinckney, Herbert..
Potts, William Hutton Ram, Edward Albert.......... Raymond, Abraham Jacob Rennie, Alfred Herbert..... Robertson, Henry Wallace Rodger, Alexauder Rose, Thomas Isaac,
Ross, Charles Henderson Rumjahn, Ahmet Ruiter, Ernest William Salinger, F....
.Sassoon, Moses Silas....
Saunders, William Joshua Scott, John Gray Scott, William Murray Shellim, Edward Silverstone, Sholow Skelton, Alfred Holland Slade, Heury Warre Stewart, Murray. Stokes Arthur George
Suter, Hugo
•
Tam Tsz Kong,
Thompson, Charles Henry Tomlin, George Lomer
Turner, Arthur
Manager, Mitsui Bussan Kaisha Merchant, Caldbeck, MacGregor &
Co.,
Superintendent, Drawing Office, HK.
& W'poa Dock Co., Ld., Merchant, G. C. Moxon & Co., Accountant, Hongkong Land Invest.
& Agency Co., Ld., Civil Engineer, Leigh & Orange, Secretary, HK. & K. W. & G. Co., Ld., Architect, Leigh & Orange, Manager, Hongkong Ice Co., Ld.,
Actg. Seety., China Fire Insurance
Company, Limited,
Sub-Manager, HK. & S'hai Bank,... Manager, International Banking Cor-
poration....
Merchant, Linstead & Davis, Architect, Denison, Ram & Gibbs, Merchant, E. D. Sassoon & Co.,.... Merchant, A. H. Rennie & Co., Merchant, Butterfield & Swire, ...... Manager, China Sugar Refy. Co., Secretary, Dock Co.,...................... Merchant, Jardine, Matheson & Co., Merchant, Rumjahn & Co., Gentleman,
Manager, Reiss & Co., Exchange Broker,
Dunedin, Barker Road. Alexandra Buildings.
5 Duddell Street.
Bank Premises. Hazeldene, Upper Richd. Rd. Hongkong Club.
4 Century Crescent, Kennedy Robinson Road. [Road. Prince's Building.
1 Seymour Terrace.
Peak Hotel.
41 Plantation Road, Peak.
5 Macdonnell Road. 1 Des Voeux Road.
7 Stewart Terrace, The Peak. Magazine Gap. East Point.
Hongkong Club. St. John's Place.
6 Stewart Terrace, The Peak. Alexandra Buildings. Lyeemun, The Peak. 7 Queen's Road Central. Magazine Gap Road.
I Connaught Road. East Point. Conduit Road. Pedder's Street.
64 Queen's Road Central. Hongkong Club. Chater Road,
3 Beaconsfield Arcade. Kellett Crest, Peak. ...Hongkong Hotel.
Quarry Bay.
Secretary, Union Insurance Co.,...... Manager, Electric Tramway Co., Manager, Taikoo Sugar Refy. Co., Ld., Merchant, David Sassoon & Co., Ld.; Agent, Pacific Mail S.S. Co., Storekeeper, Lane, Crawford & Co., . Merchant, Gilman & Co., Broker, Stewart, Brothers, Broker,
Manager, Deutsch Asiatische Bank, General Manager, Chin Marine
Ins. Co., Ld.,
Merchant, Ross & Co.......
| 7 Peak Road.
Queen's Buildings. Lane, Crawford & Co. Queen's Road Central. 11, Beaconsfield Arcade. Prince's Building. Hatherleigh, Conduit Road.
42 Bonham Strand West. Haystack, The Peak.
Secretary, China Fire Insurance Co., Robinson Road. Architect, Palmer & Turner,
Vanburen, Joseph Sheffield ... Merchant,
Walker, William Bradley Watson, William Malcolm.. White, Henry Percy Whittall, James Bowyer Kid-
man
Wickham, William Henry. Wilford, Francis Cumming
Williams, Arthur John
Wilson, William.
Manager, Standard Oil Co., Merchant, John D. Hutchison & Co., Merchant, Douglas Lapraik & Co.,...
Secretary, China Traders' Ins. Co., Manager, Electric Light Co.,.... Storekeeper, Lane, Crawford & Co., Engineer, Punchard, Lowther & Co., Manager, HK. & W. Dock Co., Ld.,
|
Alexandra Building.
St. Andrews' Barker Road,
The Peak.
Elliott Crescent, Robinson Rd. Peak Hotel. Praya.
Red Hill, The Peak. 23 Conduit Road. Lane, Crawford & Co. Hongkong Hotel.
| Kowloon Decks.
NAME IN FULL.
15
II. COMMON JURORS.
OCCUPATION.
Abode.
A
Abraham, Albert Abraham, Ezekiel Abraham, Ezra Abraham, Julian Abraham, Renben Adams, Francis Robert John. Ahrendt, Carl Max Heinrich... Aitken, Robert Alderton, Percy
Clerk, Hongkong & China Gas Co., Clerk, S. J. David & Co.,
Clerk, Chartered Bk. of I., A. & China, Ledger Keeper, Dairy Farm Co., Ld., Clerk, Chartered Bank of I. A. & C.,...] Asst. Engineer, Shipyard Quarry Bay, Assistant, Melchers & Co., Engineer, Taikoo Sugar Refy. Co., Ld., Clerk, P. & O. S. N. Co.,.......... Sub-Acct. Chartered Bk. of I. A. & C., Manager, Sperry Flour Company, Merchant, L. M. Alvares & Co.,.............. Clerk, Chartered Bk. of I., A. & China, Merchant, L. M. Alvares & Co........ Accountant, Banque de l'Indo-Chine,] Anderson, James David Smith Inspector, China & Japan Telephone
Allen, Frank Stanley Allen, William Stanley Alvares, Luiz Maria Jacques Alves, Antonio Luiz Alves, José Maria
Andap, Roger.......
Anderson, John William Anderson, Lionel John Crossley Anderson, William. Andrew, John Ingram Andrews, David Alexander Antia, Naorojee Kersaspjee Apcar, Arratoon Vertannes Arab, Nasir Maliomed, Armstrong, John Henry
William
Arndt, Ernst Arnold, John Arnott, Thomas
Asger, Asadullab Ebrahim
Auld, James Durran Austin, Frank
..B
Backhouse. James Herbert
Bailey, William Seybourne
Baillie, John
Bain, Alexander..
Co.,
Harbour Engineer, Fenwick & Co,...] Assistant, H.K. & S. Bauk,. Assistant, Laue, Crawford & Co., Engineer, Fenwick & Co.,
Civil Engineer, Shipyard Quarry Bay, Merchant, Tata & Co.,...... Merchant, A. V. Apcar & Co., Clerk, A. Rumjahn & Co.,
Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Assistant, Arnhold, Karberg & Co., . Assistant, HK. C. & M. S. B. Co.,... Engineer, G. I. Cement Co., Ld., Assistant, HK. Land Investment &
Agency Co., Ld.,
Assistant, Dodwell & Co., Ld., Mercantile Asst., Butterfield & Swire,
Asst., Lütgens Einstmann & Co., Bailey & Co.,
Sugar Boiler, China Sugar Refy., Engineer, China Sugar Refinery,.
Baker, Frederick Henry James Assistant, Kelly & Walsh, Ltd.,..
Baker, James.
Banker, George
Banks, Thomas Bargmann, Fritz Engen
Wilhelm Barrett, Edgar George Barrett, William Curwen Barretto, Alberto Demée Barretto, Frederico Demée Barretto, Frederico Francisco. Barretto, Octavio Demée. Barrow, George Henry Bassford, William Faulkner
Baur, Walter Baxter, Robert Hall Bearmanu, Alexander
Bell, Harold
Bell, Hubert Dowson Benjamin, Joseph Berblinger, Albrecht Carl
Heinrich Bernheim, Engene Beuzeville, James Bevan, Herbert Staton Bird, Bernard................. Bird, Lennox Godfrey Bishop, Leroy Cole Blackburn, Leslie James Blackledge, Harold Blair, Thomas...
Foreman, Punchard, Lowther & Co., Merchant, Dang Chee, Son & Co.,... Engineer, China Sugar Refy. Co., Ld.,
Assistant, Lauts, Wegener & Co.. Actg. Sub-Mgr., Dodwell & Co., Ld., Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Clerk, Jorge & Co...... Merchant, Barretto & Co., Assistant, Shewan, Tomes & Co., Assistant, Barretto, & Co., Gauger, Punchard, Lowther & Co.,... Machines & Packing Dept., Taikoo
Sugar Refinery, ...
Asst., Reuter, Brockelmann & Co., Assistant, Dock Co............................ Foreman, Quarry Bay, Shipyard, Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Clerk, E. D. Sassoon & Co.,
Assistant, F. Blackhead & Co., Manager, Ullmann, & Co., Bookkeeper, Dang Chee, Son & Co.,. Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co., Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co., Architect, Paliner & Turner, Clerk, Pacific Mail S. S. Co., Manager, Gas Works, Kowloon,.. Storekeeper's Asst., Dock Co., Sugar Boiler, China Sugar Refinery,
|
26 Staunton Street. 54 Caine Road. 3 Ripon Terrace. 12 Wyndham Street. 3 Ripon Terrace. Town Office. Queen's Building. Shaukiwan Road. Des Voeux Road. 3 Queen's Road. 6 Conduit Road.
Woodlandside, Castle Road. 14 High Street. 24 Robinson Road. Hongkong Club.
Ice House Street. No. 12 Praya East. Bank Premises. Lane, Crawford & Co. 157 Praya East. Shipyard Quarry Bay. 49 Hollywood Road. 45 Wyndham Street. Pedder Street.
1 Connaught Road. 9 Kennedy Road 4 Albany.
Hok-ün, Kowloon.
4 Hollywood Road.
2 Knutsford Terrace, K'loon. 1 Connaught Road.
Carlton House.
Bowrington. Bowrington.
11 Sow-wa-fong, St.FraucisSt. 10 Gage Street.
25 Des Voeux Road. East Point.
7 Cameron Road, Kowloon. Queen's Building. 1 Connaught Road. Larkspur, Robinson Road
1 Castle Road. 18 Wyndham Street. 44 Caine Road.
6 Sa Wa Fong,
Quarry Bay. Prince's Buildings. Kowloon Dock. Quarry Bay.
Connaught Road.
7 Queen's Road Central.
St.George's B., Des Voeux Rd. 34 Queen's Road Central. 25 Des Voeux Road Central. Lane, Crawford & Co. Lane, Crawford & Co. Alexandra Building. Queen's Building. Gas Work Kowloon. Kowloon Docks. Bowrington.
NAME IN FULL.
16
OCCUPATION.
ABODE.
B-Continued.
Blake, Anthony Robert Blake, John
Bliefernicht, Heinrich Blood, Guy... Blythe, Albert
Boands, William Henry
Thomas
Boisserée, Ludwig Magnus
Herbert
Bounar, John Whyte Cooper. Boolsen, Georg Boulton, Sydney
Bovet, Frederick Francis Boyce, William Bousley Boyd, Angus Braun, Theodore Brimble, Alfred George. Brodersen, Harold Carl
Heinrich Brooks, Robert
Brown, Charles Arthur
Angustus..
Brown, Frederick Archibald... Brown, Neilage Sharp Brown, William Samuel Browne, Percy Edward.. Brückner, Cesar Gerhard Bryson, Alexander. Buchan, John......
'Buckle, Percy....
Bune, Andreas
Bunje, Emil Theodor..
Burjor, Dhunjeebhoy Sorabjee
Dady..
Burke, Harry Austin. Burn, Andrew
Burnie, Charles Manger Getting
Butcher, Frederick Charles Buyers, Charles Badenock......
C
Caldwell, Daniel Augustus Caldwell, George Arthur Campbell, Ferdinand Campbell, Francis Campbell, Hugh Frank. Carlowitz, Vietor von Carmichael, Hugh Fletcher Carrè, Arthur.
Carter, Herbert Brooks.. Carter, William Leonard
Cassidy, Michael
Castro, Joaquim Telles
d'Almada e
Catchick, Gregorius George Chan Pat
Chapman, Edward John Chapple, Frederick Thomas Chard, Henry Frank
Chater, Chater Paul
Cheng Tin Yin....
Chow Dart Tong
Christiani, George Albrecht
Max Theodor...
Chunutt, Frederick George... Chunnutt, Oscar Rowan Clark, Douglas Edward Clark, Ernest Sidney.....
Clark, Jasper....
Clark, Milton Ona
Clarke, Alfred
Engineer, Taikco Sugar Refinery, Chief Engineer, Taikoo Sugar Refy., Foreman Shipwright, Dock Co.,...... Architect, Palmer & Turner, Gauger, Punchard, Lowther & Co.,...
Assistant, A. S. Watson & Co., Ld.,
Quarry Bay. Quarry Bay. Kowloon Docks. Alexandra Building. 147 Wild Dell Buildings.
Alexandra Building.
14 Des Voeux Road. St. George's Building. York Buildings. Quarry Bay.
Manager, Lütgens, Einstmann & Co., Assistant, Gibb, Livingston & Co.,... Asst., Hongkong, Amerika Linie, Boiler Dept., Taikoo Sngar Refy.,... Assistant, Arnhold, Karberg & Co., . Tai-kok-tsui, Kowloon. Acct., Punchard, Lowther & Co., Assistant, HK. & S. Bank, Foreman, China Sugar Refinery, Sorter, HK. & K. W. & G. Co.,
Assistant, Meyer & Co., Foreman Boiler-maker, Dock Co.,
Civil Engineer, Butterfield & Swire,. Wharfinger, HK. & K. W. & G. Co., Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Clerk, HK. & K. W. & G. Co., Ld., Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co., Assistant, Grossmann & Co., Assistant, Bradley & Co.,
Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard,.
9, Ice House Road. Cloudlands, Peak. Refinery, East Point. 14 Elgin Road, Kowloon.
15 Seymour Road. Kowloon Docks.
Quarry Bay.
5 Victoria View, Kowloon. 1 Connaught Road.
| 3 Stewart Terrace, Peak.
Lane, Crawford & Co.
4 East Road, Kowloon. Braeside.
Quarry Bay.
Asst., Peninsular & Oriental S.N. Co., Pelham House. Broker,
2 Connaught Road.
Manager, Royal Dutch Petroleum Co., North Point.
Merchant and Commission Agent, Acct., Pacific Mail S. S. Co.,
60 Des Voeux Road. 6 Seymour Terrace.
Clerk, Taikoo Sugar Refy. Co., Ld., | Shankiwan Road, Clerk, Union Insurance Society of
Canton, Ld.,
Assistant, Bradley & Co., Supt. Engineer, Tramway Co.,
Estate and Mortgage Broker, Chief Clerk, HK. & W. D. Co., Ld.,... Manager, Globe Hotel,...... Foreman, Butterfield & Swire, Assistant, Shewan, Tomes & Co., Assistant, Carlowitz & Co.,.. Consulting Engineer,
Accountant, Russo-Chinese Bank, Clerk, Canadian Pacific Ry. Co., Manager, China & Japan Telephone
Co.,
Foreman, Butterfield & Swire,
Clerk, International Banking Corp., Clerk, E. D. Sassoon & Co., Clerk, China Fire Insurance Co., Clerk, Linstead and Davis. Assistant, William Powell Ld., Sub-Acct., Chartered Bank of I., A.
& China,
Veruon & Smyth,..
Hotel Mansions.
4 Fairview, Kowbon. The Peak.
Queen's Road Central.
7 Des Vœux Villas, The Peak. 184 Queen's Road Central. Quarry Bay.
2 Lycemoon Villas. K'loon. Summer House, 67, The Peak. 10 Mountain View. Bank.
2 Victoria View, Kowloon.
Hongkong Hotel. Quarry Bay.
East Terrace, Kowloon. 7 Queen's Road Central.
I Lower Mosque Terrace.
Alexandra Buildings. 28 Queen's Road.
3 Queen's Road Central.
Assistant, Chun On Insurance Co.,... 8 Queen's Road West.
Merchant, Dartly & Co.,
Exchange Broker,.... Clerk, Loxley & Co., Clerk, Loxley & Co.,
Asst., John D. Humphreys & Son,....... Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co., Assistant, Standard Oil Company, Stenographer, Standard Oil Co.,..... Foreman, Pauchard, Lowther & Co.,.
"...
29 Caine Road.
Hongkong Club. 38 Caine Road. 38 Caine Road. Peak Tramway Station House. Lane, Crawford & Co. Oligoneil, Plantation Road. Hotel Mansions. Naval Yard, Extension.
NAME IN FULL.
17
OCCUPATION.
ABODE.
C-Continued.
Clarke, Thomas William
Clasen, Henry.. Clelland, Joseph..... Clemanu, Ernest,
Cobden, Alfred Sydney.... Coggin, William Luscombe Collins, James
Cooke, Charles John
Cooper, Rustomjee Burjorjee... Coppin, Alan Griffiths Costigan, Charles Telford... Cotter, John Lawrence Rut-
ledge
Course, Arthur
Courtney, Gerald Newman, Cousland, Alexander Stark
Dalglish
Craddock, Henry Edwin
Craig, William Eric Craik, James
Craik, John Robertson Crapnell, Albert Edward, Crawford, William Joseph Cree, John,................. Crispin. Charles.. Crosbie, James Cross, William John
Crouch, Joseph William Cruikshank, John Curry, George Percy
Daniel, Walter
D
Danielsen, Julius Emil Darton, Thomas Harwood. David, D. E. David, Ramesh Davidson, Harry Bertram Davidson, Henry
Davidson, Nabob Kitchen................ Davies, Arthur Frederick Davison, William
Day, Frank Oswald
Dearling, William
Deas, William Matthew. Dermer, Harold Whitelock Desjardins, L................... Dickie, James..
Dickie, Jol
Dickson, Robert
Diercks, Alfred Chihli Dinning, Hugh
Dison, Arthur Wesley Diss, Arthur Charles.. Diss, George Ambrose Ditch, George Benjamin Donaldson, William Frederick Doolittle, Francis Henry Douglas, John Phillips Dow, Peter
Downing, Thomas Charles Drakeford, Thomas Goode Drew, Walter Clement
Duncan, George..... Duncan, George Leopold Dunrich, Arthur Edward
William
Engineer, Standard Oil Co., Asst., Grossmann & Co................ Foreman Shipwright, Dock Co.,. Assistant, Ullmann & Co., Asst. Butterfield & Swire, Assistant, Deck Co., Fitter, Punchard, Lowther & Co., Draughtsman, HK. & W'poa Dock
Co., Ltd.,...... Assistant, N. Mody & Co., Assistant, Bradley & Co., Accountant, Mercantile Bank.......... Secty., Humphreys Estate & Finance
Co., L.,
Supt., Hongkong Tramway Co., Ld., Asst., Butterfield & Swire,
Assistant, Ross & Co.,........... Sanitary Inspector, H. K. & K'toon Wharf & Godown Co., Ld., Clerk, Reiss & Co.,
Assistant Steward, Hongkong Club, Chief Clerk, Dock Co., Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co., Assistant, Dock Co.,
Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard, Foreman Shipwright, Dock Co.,. Panman, Taikoo Sugar Refinery,. Tally Clerk, Taikoo Sugar Refy. Co.,
İzd.,
Asst., Butterfield & Swire, Jeweller, Falconer & Co.,.......... Local Secretary, Gas Co.,....
Civil Engineer, Punchard, Lowther
& Co,
Clerk, F. Blackhead & Co.,........ Asst., Butterfield & Swire,. Assistant, S. J. David & Co, Book-keeper, Kowloon Hotel,. Clerk, Robinson Paino Co., L............. Timekeeper, Taikoo Sugar Refinery
Co., Ld.,
Assistant, A. S. Watson & Co., Ld., Assistant Manager, HK. Hotel, Foreman Shipwright, Dock Co., Clerk, B. & S.'s Shipyard, Quarry Bay, Timek'per, B.& S.'s Shipyard Qy. Bay Storekeeper, Dock Co., ..... Assistant, Dodwell & Co., La., Assistant, Messageries Maritimes, Panman, Taikoo Sugar Refinery, Supt., China Sugar Refy. Co., Ld.,... Char Dept., Taikoo Sugar Refinery, Clerk, Howard & Co.,
Pansman, Taikoo Sugar Refy. Co.,
Ld.,
Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Master Tailor, Diss Bros.,
Master Tailor, Diss Bros.,
Hongkong Hotel. Queen's Road Central. Kowloon Docks. Queen's Road, Central.
Cosmopolitan Dock, Naval Yard Extension.
Barker Road, The Peak. 54 & 56 Queen's Rd. Central. Queen's Buildings.
II Queen's Road Central.
Hotel Mansions.
| 35 Wong-nei-chong Road.
1 Connaught Road.
5 Victoria View, Kowloon.
33 Praya East. Macdonnel Roal. Hongkong Club. Cosmopolitan Dock. Lane, Crawford & Co. Kowloon Docks. Quarry Bay. Kowloon Dock. Quarry Bay.
Shaukiwan Road. 1 Connaught Road. Carlton House. Westbourne Villa, N.
Hongkong Club,
St. George's Building. 1 Connaught Road.
Kowloon Hotel. Des Voeux Road.
Shankiwan Road. [A. S. Watson & Co., Lil.
Queen's Road Central. Kowloon Docks.
B. & S.'s Engineer's Office, Quarry Bay. [Hongkong. Kowloon Docks. Hazeldene, Richmond, Queen's Building. Quarry Bay. Bowrington. Quarry Bay.
Quecu's Road Central.
Shaukiwan Road.
Carlton House, Ice House
36 Caine Road,
[Street.
Foreman, Punchard, Lowther & Co., | Naval Yard, Extension.
| Asst., Butterfield & Swire,
Merchant, Savoy Limited,
Asst. Engr., G. I. Cement Co., Ltd., Asst., Jardine, Matheson & Co........ Acct., Chartered Bank of I., A. & C., Assistant, Bradley & Co.,...... Merchant, H. Wicking & Co.,
Foreman Plumber, Dock Co.,
|
1 Connaught Road.
Hongkong Hotel. Hok-ün, Kowloon. East Point.
Hongkong Hotel.
4, Queen's Buildings.
St. George's Building, Des
Vœux Road. Kowloon Docks.
Manager, MacEwen, Frickel & Co.,. Pedder's Hill.
Accountant, Gas Co.,
:
Top floor of Lock Hing.
NAME IN FULL.
D--Continued.
18
OCCUPATION.
ABODE.
Dutton, Sydney Hardy ....
Manager, Piece Goods Department
S. J. David & Co.,...................
Prince's Building.
E
Eadie, James
Eberius, Gottfried. Fritz Edwards, George Richard..... Edwards, Gilbert Hamilton Ehmer, Hermann Ellis, Albert
Ellis, David Ezekiel Ellis, Ezekiel Isate Ellis, Jack Ezekiel Ellis, Obadiah Elly, Albert
Engel, Gustav Christoph Esrom, Frank.......... Eustace, Bert
Evans, Llewellyn Evans, Robert Lloyd.. Evans, William Eyre, Harry
Ezekiel, Reuben Marcus Ezra, Edward
Ezra, Reuben
Engineer, Taikoo Sugar Refy. Co.,
Ld..
Shankiwan Rond. 3 Queen's Garden, Victoria View, Kowloon, 1 Connaught Road. Fair View, Robinson Road. Conduit Road.
SA Des Voeux Road. 7 Queen's Road Central. .. 8A Des Vœux Road,
1 Pedder's Hill.
Assistant, Meyer & Co., Assistant, Dodwell & Co., Ld., Asst., Butterfield & Swire, Merchant, Grossmann & Co., Assistant, Dodwell & Co., Li, Assistant, Wm. Shewan & Co., Clerk, E. D. Sassoon & Co., Assistant, Wm. Shewan & Co., Assistant, S. J. David & Co., Godown and Tally Dept., Taikoo
Sugar Refinery, Clerk, Meyerink & Co., Asst., East Asiatic Trading Co.,..... Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co.,.. Asst., HK. & S'hai Banks. Corpn.,... Clerk, British-A’can. Tobacco Co.,....... Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co., Manager, W. Powell, Ld., Broker, Erich Georg & Co., Assistant, D. Sassoon & Co., Lilog
Do.,
Quarry Bay.
Bellevue, Peak Road. Connaught Road Central Lane, Crawford & Co. Cloudlands, Peak. Queen's Road Central. Lane, Crawford & Co. Alexandra Building. Connaught House. 14 Robinson Road. College Chambers.
F
Falconer, Percy James Fenton, Sydney George... Ferguson, Ernest George Fergusou, Robert Alexander..... Fischer, Rudolf Fisher, John Fisher, John
Fittock, Charles Rowland Fletcher, Harold Lewthwaite Forbes, Donald
Forbes, Joku Rodger.. Ford, Edward Stephen Ford, William Falconer..
Forrest, Thomas Shaw Forsyth, George Grasille
Sutherland
Fox, Frederic Reginald.. Franklin, George Gould Fraser, Alan Stuart Fraser, Henry William Freund, Kari
Friedrich, Hans Albert Friesland, Gustav
Frotcher, Lurding Hermann Fulcher, Frank Sidney
Fullerton, Alfred Rough
G
Galloway, Alfred Douglas Galloway, Robert
Gardner, William Frederick ...
Gaskell, William Henry..
Gaster, Ernest
Gee, Archibald
Gegg, George William Georg, Carl Wilhelm.. Georg, Friederich Erich Carl...] Gibson, Joe
Gittius, Arthur
Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Asst., HK. & S'hai Banking.Corpn., Panman, Taikoo Sugar Refinery, Assistant, MacEwen, Frickel & Co., Foreman, Punchard, Lowther & Co., Foreman Engineer, Dock Co., Foreman Shipwright, Dock Co., Engineer, H. F. Carmichael & Co... Assistant. HIK. & S. Bank, Sugar-boiler, China Sugar Refy., Clerk, Wharf & Godown Co................. Foreman Engineer, HK. & Whampoa
Dock Co., Ld.,
Assistant, Jardine, Matheson Co.,
Asst., HK. & S'hai Banks. Corpn.,... Asst., HK. Steam Water Boat Co.,Ld. Clerk, Union Ins. Society of C'ton Ld., Asst., HK. & S'hai Banks. Corpn.,... Assistant, HK. & S'hai Bank, Asst., Arnhold, Karberg & Co., Asst., Deutsch Asiatische Bank,. Assistant, Melchers & Co., Assistant, F. Bornemann,
1 Connaught Road.
Queen's Road, Quarry Bay. Daddell Street. 10 San Wa Fone. Cosmopoliton Dock. Kowloon Docks. Queen's Buildings. Bank Premises. East Point. 43 Caine Road.
Kowloon Docks. East Point.
Queen's Road. Hotel Mansions. Bank Buildings. Queen's Road.
King Edward Hotel. Club Germania.
Club Germania.
Queen's Building. Queen's Road Central.
Asst., China Traders Ins. Co., Id.,........ St. George's House.
Assistant, Butterfield & Swire,
..... 1 Connaught Road,
Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Panman, Taikoo Sugar Refy. Co., Ld., Engineer, Hongkong Rope Mann-
facturing Co., Ld.,
Accountant,
1 Comaught Road. Quarry Bay.
Villa Maria, (Geucaly). 4, Des Vœux Road Central.
Asst., China Fire Insurance Co., Ld.. Queen's Road Central.
Asst. W. Powell & Co., Manager, Horse Repository, Broker, Erich Georg & Co., Broker, Erich Georg & Co.. Timekeeper, B. & S.'s Shipyard,. Clerk, E. D. Sassoon & Co.,
Alexandra Buildings. Causeway Bay.
Braeside.
3 Goolistan, Conduit Read, Quarry Bay.
7 Queen's Road Central.
:
}
NAME IN FULL.
19
OCCUPATION.
ABODE.
G-Contiqued.
Gittins, Gerard
Gittins, Henry
Glendinning, Percy Glendinning, Walter Glissman, Ludwig Paul Glover, Campbell Gloyn, John
Goetz, Walter.....
Goggin, William George. Gomes, Francis Goodfellow, William Goodwin, Arthur Pearson Goos, Rudolf
Gorham, Charles Leary.
Gow, David
Gow, John Cowper Gower, Heury Graham, Frank
Graham, James William
Grant, Peter Durham Hall
Gray, Herbert Castell Gray, Samuel Herbert Gray, Thomas Charles Gregory, Tigran Matthew. Gresson, John Edward Grey, Crosby French... Griffin, Albert Edwin Grimble, Charles Frederick
George Grimshaw, Thomas Gubbay, Aaron Sassoon Gubbay, David Sassoon Gubbay, Joseph Sassoon Gubbay, Raphael Aaron Guy, James....
H
Haelterman, Brice
Haesloop, Courad Theodore
Bernhard
Haines, Hereward
Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Accountant, Cotton Mills, Assistant, Horse Repository, Chief-Inspector, HK. T'way Co., Ld., Assistant, Carlowitz & Co...... Acct., Punchard, Lowther & Co., Sugar Boiler, China Sugar Refinery
Co., L.,
Assistant, Arnhold, Karberg & Co... Assistant, Jardine, Matheson & Co., Clerk, Nippon Yusen Kaisha, Foreman, HK. & China Gas Co., Outfitter, Cottam & Co.,` Clerk, Radecker & Co., General Manager, Fumigating &
Disinfecting Bureau, Assistant, Dock Co.,
Foreman Blacksmith, Dock Co.,... Yard Foreman, Dock Co., Electrical Engineer,
Supt., Iron Shipwright, Deck Co.,...
... Sub-Acct.. International Banking
Hales, George Lister Hall, Frederick Charles.. Hall, Thomas Phillip... Hamet, Abdool Hoosen.. Hance, Cyril Eugene Agathon Hance, Julian Henry Reginald Hand, John.............
Corporation,
1 Connaught Road. East Point. Causeway Bay. Kennedy's Stables. Windsor Lodge, Kowloon. Magazine Gap.
East Point.
St. Georgés House, Kennedy 19 Belilios Terrace. Road. Stonchargé, Robinson Road. Gas Works, Kowloon. Pedder's Street. Duddell Street.
Alexandra Building. Kowloon Docks.
Kowloon Docks.
Kowloon Docks.
Electric Light Co., Ld. Kowloon Docks.
60 The Peak.
Assistant, China Traders' Ins., Co., . 10, Stewart Terrace. Assistant, P. M. S. S. Company, Assistant. Reiss & Co.,
Asst. A. V. Apeur & Co.,
Clerk, Jardine Matheson & Co................ Storekeeper's Assistant, Dock Co.,... Civil Engineer, Quarry Bay Shipyard,
Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Foreman, B. & S's Shipyard,............... Broker, E. D. Sassoon & Co., Clerk, E. D. Sassoon & Co.. Assistant, David Sassoon & Co., Ld., Stock Broker, Gubbay & Michael,....... Foreman Engineer, HK. & W'poa
Dock Co., Ld.,
Clerk, A. R. Marty & Co.,
Assistant, Lutgens, Einstmann & Co., Brakeman, Peak Tramway, Engineer, China Light & Power Co., Assistant, Jardine, Matheson & Co., Marine Surveyor.. Assistant, H. Price & Co., Clerk, Macdonald & Co., Asst., Butterfield & Swire, Superintendent, Dock Co.,
Hankey, Eric Norman Alers..... Assistant, Dodwell & Co., Ld.,
Hanuings, Carl
Hansen, James Ernest Hardwick, William
Harms, Nicolaus Friedrich
Seigfried
Ilarrison, Alfred.
Harron, Henry
Harrop, Charles Edward
Vincent
Harrop, Harry Metcalf Haslett, Horace John Hassan, Hoosen Harvey, David Harvey, Robert Donald. Harvie, John Napier... Haskell, Ernest David Haughwont, Warrin Beech, Haxton, George Kay........
Stocktaker, HK. & Kowloon Wharf
& Godown Co., Ltd., Foreman Engineer, Dock Co.,....... Storekeeper, Taikoo Sugar Refinery
Co., L..
Assistant, Carlowitz & Co.,....... Assistant Depôt Manager, British- American Tobacco Co.,.............. Pansman, Taikoo Sugar Refy.Co.,Ld.,
Asst., Butterfield & Swire, Assistant, A. S. Watson & Co., Stenographer, Pacific Mail S. S. Co., Clerk, Rumjahn & Co.,
Tang Yuen, Macdonnell Rd. Hongkong Hotel.
45 Wynham Street. East Point. Kowloon Docks.
B. & S.'s Engineers' Office, HK. ·
1 Connaught Road. Quarry Bay.
7 Queen's Road Central. 7 Queen's Road Central. 9 Macdonnell Road. Ravenshill.
Kowloon Docks.
2 Garden Road, Kowloon.
14 Des Vœux Road.
10 St. Francis' Yard, Wantsai. St. George's Building. East Point.
2, Connaught Road. Queen's Road Central. 7 Seymour Terrace. 1 Connaught Road. Aberdeen Dock.
Deacon's Bungalow Pakfulum.
1 Ashley Road, Kowloon. Cosmopolitan Dock.
Quarry Bay.
7 Cameron Road, Kowloon.
Queen's Road Central. Shankiwan Rowl.
A. S. Watson & Co. Queen's Buildings. 64 Queen's Road Central. 7 Salisbury Avenue. 41 Robinson Road. Quarry Bay.
Marine Engineer, Dodwell & Co., Asst., British American Tobacco Co., Engineer, Taikoo Sugar Refy. Co.,... Asst., Benjamin, Kelly and Potts, ... 2 Seymour Terrace. Manager, N. Y. Import & Export Co., | 16 Queen's Road Central. Foreman Engineer, K. & W'pca.
Dock Co., Ll.,
Kowloon Docks,
NAME IN FULL.
20
OCCUPATION.
ABODE.
H-Continued.
Haynes, Harry Hayward, Charles Hayward, Charles Burdon, Hayward, Ernest Malcolm Hazeland, Ernest Manning Hechtel, Otto Peter Heermann, Paul Emil Heggie, James Carmichad... Heinsen, Rudoph Heldt, Franz
Hell, Paul Edward Heinrich
William
Helmers, Johann Christian Helms, Wilhelm .......... Hemmings, Robert Edward ... Henchman, Arthur Stuart...... Henderson, John Mendiplay...
Henser, Carl
Herbst, Carl Emil Peter Herrmann, Ludwig........... Herton, Edward Rudolph Hesse, Franz Heubel, Hermann Hewitt, Alfred Herbert. Hickie, Stephen Douglas Hickman, Harry Frank. Hill, Walter John Ho Kam Tong.
Hobbs, William James
Hoggard, Fred
Hollings, Alfred Edmund Holt, Bertram Greggs Holyoak, Percy Hobsou Hooper, Josephi Hoskins, John Thomas Houghton, Robert William Howard, Edward
Howard, Walter Herbert Howarth, Henry...... Hughes, John Owen Humphreys, Ernest Humphreys, William Meyrick Hunter, George Hunter, James
Hunter, Robert Hunter, Tobias
Hurley, Frederick Charles...
Hurley, Robert Crisp Hutchison, William
Hynd, Robert Robertson Hyndman, Henry (Jr.) Hynes, Arthur Cecil
I
Ingles, William
Innes, Robt....
Inokay, John
Ironside, William Irving, John Mark.....
J
Jack, William Charles
Jahraud, Richard Alfred Paul. Jameson, Philip Sutherland... Jebsen, Jacob, Friedrich
Christian.... Jebsen, Michael.....
Manager, Hongkong Hotel Co., Ld., Brakeman, Peak Tramway,....... Assistant, Shewan Tomes & Co.,...... Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co., Architect,
Clerk, Wendt & Co.,...... Jeweller, Gaupp & Co., Stonkeeper, Quarry Bay Shipyard,... Sub-Mger., Hamburg Amerika Linie, Asst., East Asiatic Trading Co.,
Assistant, Kruse & Co., Clerk, Siemssen & Co.,
Hongkong Hotəl. Engine House, The Peak. St. George's Building. Lane, Crawford & Co. 12 Kuntsford Terrace, Kiloon. Ice House Street. Smith Villas, Magazine Gap. Quarry Bay. Queen's Building. Connaught Road Central.
Connaught House.
3 Granville Avenue, K'loon..
1 Des Vœux Road Central. Cloudsland, Peak.
Kowloon Docks.
Assistant, Arnhold, Kesberg & Co., . 31 Robinson Road. Asst., Leigh & Orange, Assistant, HK. & S. Bank, Foreman Boilermaker, HK. & W’poa
Dock Co., L., Clerk, Meyeriuk & Co., Asst., Lutgens Einstmanu & Co., ... Watchmaker, Ch. J. Gaupp & Co.,... Assistant, Dock Co., Assistant, Gibb, Livingston & Co..... Clerk, Rädecker & Co.,
Chief Engineer, G. I. Cement Co., Ld., Assistant, MacEwen, Frickel & Co., Assistant, China Fire Insurance Co., Engineer, Taikoo Sugar Refinery, ... Assistant Compradore, Jardine,
Matheson & Co.,................ Assistant B. & S.'s Shipyard,
Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard, Clerk, Hongkong Ice Company, Ld., Chief-Clerk, Pacific Mail S. S. Co..... Assistant, Reiss & Co.,...
Clerk, HIK. & K. W. & G. Co., Ld., Chief Foreman, Quarry Bay Shipyard, Tailor, R. Houghton & Co., Stockbroker, E. Kadoorie,
Asst., Butterfield & Swire, Storekeeper, C. P. Railway Co.,...... Merchant, Harry Wicking & Co., Asst., Butterfield & Swire. Assistant, W. G. Humphreys & Co., Assistant, Jardine, Matheson & Co., Clerk, S. J. David & Co., Engineer, Macdonald & Co., Assistant, Jardine, Matheson & Co., Timekeeper, Panchard, Lowther &
Co.,
Accountant,
Foreman Turner, HK. & Whampoa
Dock Co., L.,
Asst., HK., & S'hai Bankg. Corpu., Asst, HK. C. & M. S'boat Co., Ld., Assistant, HK. & S. Bank,..
Assistant, HK. & S. Bank,. Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Asst., Lütgens Einstmann & Co., Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Engineer, Hongkong Ice Co., Ld.,
Engineer, E. C. Wilks & Co., Assistant, Lauts, Wegener & Co.,
|
1 Des Voeux Road Central. Pedder Street. Alexandra Buildings. Kowloon Docks.
C ̧o. Gibb Livingston & Co. 5 Duddell Street. Hok-ün, Kowloon. Belilios Terrace.
St. George's House. Quarry Bay.
Caine Road.
B. & S.'s Engineers' Office,
Hongkong. Quarry Bay.
Ice House Street. Queen's Buildings. Leynton, 7 Macdonnell Road. St. George's House, Kennedy Quarry Bay.
[Road 16 Queen's Road Central. Connaught House, Queen's
Road Central.
..
5 Arsenal Street. St. George's Buildings.
4 Queen's Gardens. Humphreys Avenue. 11 Shelley Street. Beaconsfield Arcade. Humphreys Avenue.
Ma Tan Kok.
5 Beaconsfield Arcade.
Kowloon Dock. Hongkong Bank. Hotel Massion. Bank Premises.
Cloudsland, The Peak.
Pedder Street.
East Point.
Beaconsfield Areade.
3 Granville Road, Kowloon..
Assistant, Jardine, Matheson & Co., | Craigieburn, Peak.
Merchant, Jebsen & Co.,
Clerk, Jebsen & Co.,
|
King's Building.
Observatory Villa Kowloon.
21
NAME IN FULL.
J-Continued.
Jenkins, Anthony Jenkins, John Venties
Jillings, Harry
Johannsen, Edmund Johnston, John
Jones, James Mowbray. Jordan, Ernest Granville Jorge, Francisco José Vicente Joseph, Ezra Solomon Joseph, Joseph Edgar Joseph, Raymond Menashih Joseph, Saul Abdulla
Judah, Raphael Solomon ..... Jupp, John Ambrose..........
K
Kadoorie, Eleazer Silas. Kadoorie, Ellis
Kapteyn, Barend Dirk Kastmann, Karl Adolf August Katsch, Albert Edgar
Kendall, Frederick Carr Kendall, Herbert Moorhouse... Keunett, Henry William Bulmer Kennett, Herbert Sydney Kent, Herbert Wade Kew, Charles Herbert Whiteley
Kew, Joseph Whiteley
Kien, Willem Kilian, Felix Adolph Gottlieb King, Robert Henry
King, Walter... Kinnaird, John Daniel Kinross, Andrew Robert Kistowsky, Fritz von. Kitzinantl, John Charles Klein, Arthur..... Klinck, Charles
Knight, Charles Crosby Knox, Lefferts Knyvett, Paul Karl Koch, Carl Ludwig Georg..... Koenig, Gustav
Köhler, Weihelm Oscar.... Konig, Carl Heinrich Ratje Kong Kim Fung Kraft, William Dana. Kruse, Bernhard Anton.. Kyles, John
OCCUPATION.
Bookkeeper, K. Hotel Co., Ld., Timek'per, Punchased, Lowther &Co., Assistant, W. Powell Limited, Consulting Engineer,
Engineer, Taikoo Sugar Refinery, Assistant, Gregor & Co.,.... Assistant, H. Price & Co., Merchant, Jorge & Co., Broker,
Assistant, Benjamin, Kelly & Potts, Assistant, D. Sassoon & Co., Ltd.,... Bill and Bullion Broker,
ABODE.
Hongkong Hotel.
1 Beaconfield Arcade. Alexandra Buildings. Hongkong Hotel. Quarry Bay.
14 MacDonnell Road. 38 Caine Roa:1.
Villa D'Alva, Kennedy Road. 3 Beaconsfield Arcade. Connanght Hotel. Connaught House.
4 Beaconsfield Arcade.
Assistant, D. Sassoon & Co., Ltd.,... Observatory Road, Kowloon. Merchant, J. D. Humphreys & Son,.] Alexandra Buildings.
Broker, Benjamin, Kelly & Potts, Stock Broker,
Merchant, Holland Trading Co.,...... Assistant, Siemssen & Co., Passenger Agent, Pacific Mail S. S.
Co.,.....
Asst., H'kong & S'bai Banking Corpn., Asst., Peninsular & Oriental N. S. Co., Assistant, China Borneo Co., Ld., Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, ...... Asst., Peninsular & Oriental N. S. Co., Clerk, H'kong & Kowloon Wharf &
Godown Co., Ld., .......... Manager, Hongkong Steam Water
Boat Co., Ld.,.
Manager, Holland China Haudels Co., Accountant, Dentsch Asiatische Bank, Civil Engineer, Punchard, Lowther
& Co.,.....
Bookseller, Kelly & Walsh, Ld.,. Sugar Boiler, China Sugar Refinery, Foreman Iron Shipwright, Dock Co., Assistant, Norddentcher Lloyds,. Partner, Grossmann & Co.,... Assistant, Lauts, Wegener & Co., Supt., Hongkong Rope Manufac-
turing Co., L.,
Assistant Buildfield & Swire.
Modreenagh Road. 6 Des Voeux Rond. Alexandra Building. Queen's Buildings.
Hongkong Hotel.
11 Mountain Viler, Peak. Des Vœux Coad. Saw Will, Mongkoktsui. Connaught Road. Des Voeux Road.
43 Caine Road.
43 Caine Road.
Alxandra Buildings. 14 Seymour Terrace.
Durisdeer, Magazine Gap- 3 Knutsford Terrace K'loon. East Point.
Kowloon Docks. Queen's Buildings. Robinson Road. 15 Seymour Road.
3 Arbuthnot Road.
Agent, China Mutual Insurance, Co., Harperville, Robinson Road.
Manager, Vacuum Oil Co., Assistant, Lamke & Rogge, Manager, Ullmann & Co., Assistant, Melchers & Co., Assistant, Melchers & Co., Assistant, A Chee & Co., Assistant, Standard Oil Co., As-t., Deutsch Asiatische Bank,.... Foreman Turner, HK. & Whampoa
Dock Co, Ld.,
King's Buildings.
Bellevue Peak Road.
Queen's Road Central.
Queen's Building.
Queen's Building.
17a Queen's Road Central. 41 Robinson Road. Club Germania,
Kowloon Docks.
L
Lambert, John James Bain Lammert, Alexander Herbert Lammert Frank Lammert, Lionel Eugene Lamperski, Albert Wilhelm Laug, Archibald Orr Langley, Albert Percy Lapsley, Robert
Lauder, Paul
Laurenz, Rudolph Lawrence, Frederick Lawson, Andrew Barrie Leask, William Loughton.. Leckie, William Ewart
Assistant, W. Danby, Architect,..............] Assistant, G. P. Lammert, Auctioneer, Asst., Caldbeck, MacGregor & Co., Assistant, G. P. Lammert, Assistant, Melchers & Co.,
Queen's Road Central. Duddell Street. 9 Robinson Road. Duddell Street. Queen's Building.
Assistant, Gibb, Livingston & Co.,... St. George's Building.
Clerk, Dock Co., Assistant, Dock Co.,
Asst., China Traders' Insurance Co., Assistant, Carlowitz & Co............. Carpenter, Punchard, Lowther & Co., Asst. I'kong S'hai Bank & Corpn., Civil Engineer, Leigh & Orange, Assistant, Butterfield & Swire,
Aberdeen Dock. Kowloon Docks. Peak Hotel.
2 Connaught Road. Naval Yard Extension. Hongkong Bank.
1 Des Vœux Road. 1 Connaught Road.
22
NAME IN FULL.
L-Continued.
Lee, Cornith Henry Lee, James....
Lehrs, Paul....
Lemm, Jobu
Lennox Bradley, Frederick
Broughton. Lenzmann, Carl Robert.. Lester, Hugh William
Leuz, Rudolph
Levy, Isaac Simeou
Levy, Silas Simon
Libeaud, Carl Ernest.. Lieb, Fritz
Lightfoot, Sydney Linders, Eduard.. Linton, Algernon Robert Little, James Lochead, James
Logan, William Clements Long, Edward Arthur Loureiro, Pedro
Lowe, John... Lysaught, John
M
MacAskill, Kenneth Roderick MacDonald, Donald Margowan, Robert John
MacGregor, John Alexander Macgregor, Frank William McHugh, Francis Edwards Mackie, Charles Gordon
Stewart
Mackintosh, Frederick
Alexander MacLennan, Donald George... Macpherson, Robert Madar, Hussian Pillay Makeham, Charles..
Malden, George Fletcher
Manners, Joha
Manuk, Malcolm
Marcenaro, Ettore Tomaso
Michell
OCCUPATION.
Clerk, W. S. Bailey & Co.,
Sugar Boiler, China Sugar Refinery
Co., L,
Clerk, Sander, Wieler & Co., Architect,
Merchant, The Savoy Limited, Manager, Carlowitz & Co.. Asst. Dodwell & Co., Limited, Clerk, Sander. Wieler & Co., Clerk, S. J. David & Co., Clerk, E. D. Sassoon & Co., Asst. Dodwell & Co., Limited, Asst., Arnhold, Karberg & Co., Foreman Electrician, Dock Co., Asst. Arnhold, Kerberg & Co., Manager, Mercantile Bauk,..... Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co... Chief Refiner, Sugar Refy. Co., Ld., Assistant, D. Sassoon & Co., Ld., Stenographer, Standard Oil Co.,..... Acting-Chief Acet. National Bank
of China, Ld...................... Foreman. B. & S.'s Shipyard, Engineer, W. Lysaught & Son,
Timekceper, B. & S.'s Shipyard, Engineer in Chief, B. & S.'s Shipyard, Chief Clerk, HK. & Kowloon Wharf
& Godown Co., Ld., Mason, Punchard, Lowther & Co.,.. Mason, Punchard Lowther & Co., ... Assistant, Standard Oil Co.,
Assistant, Gibb, Livingston & Co.,...
Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co., Sub-Acct., International Bkg. Corpn., Sub-Acet., Chartered Bk. of I.,A. & C., Clerk, King Edward Hotel,...... Dairyman, The Dairy Farm Co., Ld., Asst. Engineer, HK. T'way Co., Ld., Clerk, Siemssen & Co., Clerk, Dairy Farm Co., L.,
Asst., Carlowitz & Co.,
Marney, Victor Emile Torean de Assistant, Dodwell & Co, Lt.,
Marston, Lionel
Martin, Oswald
Mast, Edward
Matthews, John Frederick May, Ernest Alfred George May, George Howard McArthur, John...... McBryde, William Gray McColl, Alexander Lander McCorquodale, Jobu Campbell McCubbin, John McGiashan, James.... McGillivray, James Paterson. McIntyre, John McIntyre, Wilson McKirdy, Archibald
McLaren, John Henry McNeill, Duncan McQuillan, John
McRobie, Frank........
Mead, James Henry
Meek, Thomas
Meier, John Max Heinrich
Supt., China Light & Power Co., Ld., Asst., Hamburg-Amerika Linie, Accountant, C. P. Railway Co., Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard, Assistant, Dodwell & Co., Ld., Assistant, Kelly & Walsh, Ld., Assistant, HK. & S. Bank, Draughtsman, Dock Co., Sugar Boiler, China Sugar Refinery, Sugar Boiler, China Sugar Refinery, Engineer, HK. & China Gas Co, Ld., Foreman Shipwright, Dock Co.,..... Asst., HK. & S. Banking Corpn., Sugar Boiler Tai Koo Sugar Refinery, Melting Dept., Tai Koo Sugar Refy., Machines & Packing Dept., Tai Koo
Sugar Refinery, Foreman, Quarry Bay Shipyard,...... Boiler Dept., Taikoo Sugar Refy.,... Machines & Packing Dept., Taikoo
Sugar Refinery,
Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard,.... Asst.. Kelly & Walsh,
Jeweller, G. Falconer & Co.,
Mehta, Byramjee Kaikhushroo | Clerk, E. D. Sassoon & Co,
Storekeeper, Kmar & Co.,
|
ABODE.
80 Staunton Street.
Bowrington. Prince's Building. 5 East Road,
Tsimshatsui,
Queen's Road Central, Stolzenfels, Peak.
6 Mountain View. Prince's Building.,
College Chambers, W'ham St. 7 Queen's Road.
2 Ormsby Villas, Kowloon. Strathallan, Robinson Road. Kowloon Docks.
67 Mt. Kellett. Queen's Road Central. Lane, Crawford & Co. Quarry Bay.
King Edward Hotel. Hotel Mansions.
2 The Albany. Quarry Bay.
131 Wanchai Road.
Quarry Bay.
Engineer's Office, B. & S., HK.
4 Victoria View, Kowloon. Ma Tan Kok.
Naval Yard Extension. 41 Robinson Road.
Queen's Building
Lane, Crawford & Co., 60 Peak.
3 Queen's Road Central. Des Voeux Road.
Pokfoolum.
158 Praya East. Queen's Building. 66 Caine Road.
2 Queen's Gardens.
3 Park View. Hung Hom. York Buildings.
4 Macdonnell Road, Quarry Bay.
6 Mountain View.
7 Ormsly Terrace, Kowloon. Bank Premises.
14 Knutsford Terrace, K'loon. East Point. East Point.
Gas Works, West Point. Cosmopolitan Dock. Cloudlands, Peak. Quarry Bay. Quarry Bay.
Quarry Bay. Quarry Bay. Quarry Bay.
Quarry Bay.
Quarry Bay.
Chater Road.
6 Beaconsfield Arcade.
7 Queen's Road Central. 21 Hotel Mansions.
A
NAME IN FULL.
23
OCCUPATION.
ABODE.
M-Continued.
Melvin, James Dewar Meuocal, Daniel Ammen,
Merrill, Harold William.. Meyer, Constantin Adolf
Edward
Meyer, Johannes Emil Meyer, Gustav Meyer, Harry Albert.. Meyer, Oscar
Michael, Sassoon Hi.... Michael, Solomon Jacob Millar, Andrew William Millar, Edmund Reid... Millar, John
Miller, John Finlay Miller, Joseph Oswald Milroy, Anthony Alex. Heron Mistry, Kharsbedji Dhanjibhoy
Mitchell, John
Mittell, Carl Josef Franz Montjamont, R. de...... Moffatt, George
Morfey, Alan
Muller, Robert
Murray. Malcolm Alexander Mody, Kaikhusroo
Nusserwanjee Moir, Alexander... Morphew, George Morrison, John Dougal
Moses, Elias Joseph Moses, Sassoon Ezra Moss, Dennis Kebir Moulder, Augustus... Muat, William Francis Muble, Heinrich Ludwig Muir, John Greig Mullan, Thomas John Murphy, Edward Owen. Murphy, Lewis Newton... Murray, Douglas Bennett
Murray, Patrick Henry Musso, Salvadore.. Myers, Arthur
N
Melting Dept., Tai Koo Sugar Refy., Sub-Acct., International Banking
Corporation,
Assistant, Butterfield & Swire,
Assistant, Meyer & Co., Assistant, Meyer & Co., Clerk, Sander, Wieler & Co., Clerk, E. D. Sassoon & Co., Assistant, China Export Import &
Bank Co.,
Broker, J. R. Michael & Co., Stock Broker, Gubbay & Michael,... Timekeeper, Dock Co.,
Asst.. A. S. Watson & Co., Ld., Assistant A. S. Watson & Co., Marine Supt., Bradley & Co., Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co., Superintendent, Sailors' Home, .... Assistant, Tata & Co.,.....
Machines & Packing Department,
Taikoo Sugar Refinery,. Clerk, Meyeriuk & Co.. Chief Asst., Messageries Maritimes, Asst., Shewan Tomes & Co., Clerk, Jardine, Matheson & Co., Accountant, Mercantile Bank,. Asst., HK. & S. Banking Corpn.,
Clerk, King Edward Hotel,.. Manager, Peak Hotel, Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard,. Foreman Engineer, HK. and W'poa
Dock Co., Ld.,
Broker, J. R. Michael & Co., Assistant, D. Sassoon & Co., Ld., Assistant, Ross & Co.,... "Manager, M. J. Connell,
Engineer, Electric Light Company, Clerk, Siemssen & Co.,................. Pansman, Taikoo Sugar Refinery, Civil Engineer, B. & S.'s Shipyard, Engineer, W. S. Bailey & Co., Assistant, HK. & S. Bank,..... Clerk, Union Insurance Society of
Canton, Ld., Engineer, Meyer & Co., Engineer, Bradley & Co....... Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard,.
Naismith, Andrew MacNair..... Sub-Acct., International ́ Banking
Neave, Thomas
Nevillo, Samuel Arthur
Newall, Stuart George Newman, Kenneth Charles
Horton.....
Nicholls, William Nicholson, Reginald Nicholson, Robert Alfred Nicholson, William Nicolai, Friedrich Nietert, Harry
Nilsson, Arthur Gustav
Wilhelm
Norrie. Thomas Brydic
Corporation,
Foreman Engineer, HK. & W'poa
Dock Co., Ld.,
Godownkeeper, Taikoo Sugar Refy., Manager, South British Fire and
Marine Insurance Company, ...... Electrical Engineer, HK. Electric
Co., Ld.,..
Assistant, Dock Co.,.... Assistant, HK. & S. Bank.................. Superintendent Engineer, Dock Co., Asst., Butterfield & Swire, Assistant, Hamburg-America Linie, Stenographer, Pacific Mail S. S. Co.,
Chemist, Taikoo Sugar Refy. Co., Ld., Acct., International Banking Corpn.,
|
Quarry Bay.
153 Magazine Gap. 1 Connaught Road.
15 Supmour Road.
8 Humphreys Avenue, K'loon. Prince's Building.
7 Queen's Road Central.
27 Conduit Road.
4 Century Crescent, Kennedy 2 Chancery Lane. [Road. Cosmopolian Docks. Alexandra Buildings. A. S. Watson & Co. [Peak. Stokes Bungalow W., The Lane, Crawford & Co. Sailors' Home. 33 Hollywood Road.
Quarry Bay. Bellevue, Peak Road. Queen's Buildings. St. George's Buildings. East Point.
11 Queen's Road Central. Cloudlands, Peak.
King Edward Hotel. Peak Hotel. Quarry Bay.
Kowloon Dock.
Belilios Terrace. 4 Peak Road,
2 Knutsford Terrace, Kowloon. Hotel Massion.
Electric Works, Wanchai. Austin Avenue, Kowloon. Quarry Bay. Quarry Bay. Hok-ün.
Bank Premises.
4 Cameron Villas, The Peak. Belvoir, 165 Wanchai Road. 46 Morrison Hill Road. Quarry Bay.
60, Peak.
Kowloon Docks. Quarry Bay.
Hongkong Hotel.
Wanchai. Kowloon Docks. Cloudsland, Peak. Cosmopolitan Dock.
1 Connaught Road. Queen's Building. Queen's Building.
Quarry Bay. 60, Peak.
Oates, Thomas
O
Foreman Shipwright, HK. & W'poa
Dock Co., Ld.,
Kowloon Dock.
.
24
4
ĭ
NAME IN FULL.
●—Continued.
Ohrembski, Marian von.. Oertel, William
Ogilvie, Alexander Ohme, Alford
Oldörp, Karl ...... Olliffe, Orris Charles....
Olson, John
O'Neill, Charles Augustine O'Neil, John Luiz Hugh Oram, Frederick Edward Ortlepp, Heinrich Friedrich Osborne, John...... Osmund, Arthur Frederic Osmund, Caezar Henry O'Sullivan, Adolphus Ernest
Erasmus
Otto, Walter Adolph Henry Owen, Edward
Owen, Mackertich Cyril Owen, Owen Elias..... Oxberry, James Henry
P
Packham, Ralph
Page, Harry William..
Palmer, Henry Thomas.
Parfitt, William
Parker, Albert Ernest
Parker, Walter
Parker, William Edward
Parker, William Theodore Parr, Edward Victor David Paterson, John
Peacock, Jolin
Pearce, Thomas Ernest... Pearson, James
Pearson, John Henry..... Pearson, Richard William...... Peche, Ivanhoe McDongall... Pentycross, Frederick Hazel... Pepper, Samuel George...... Perry, Isaac Samuel Pescio, Robert Pestonji, Rustom Petersen, Charles
Pettigurah, Dinshah Jamsetjee Philpot, Lionel Daniel Pickering, George.... Piens, Charles..... Pigott, Chetwynd Botry Pigrum, William Tertius Vale Plage, Philip Plummer, John Archibald Potts, Patrick Cumming Priedsmann, Georg
Prien, Peter George Friedrich Pugh, Alfred John Purcell, William Harris..
Purves, David Atkinson
Pye, Edmund Burns
OCCUPATION.
ABODE.
Quarry Bay.
Chemist, Taikoo Sugar Refy. Co., Ld., Shankiwan Road. Foreman, Quarry Bay Shipyard,...... Tnner, Robinson Piano Co., Ld., Clerk, Sander Wieller & Co., Manager, Ilamburg America Linie, Assistant, Commercial Union Assur-
ance Co., Ld.
Contractor, C. E. Warren & Co.,................ Timekeeper, Taikoo Sugar Refinery, Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Hotel Keeper, Praya East Hotel, Asst, Reuter Brockelmann & Co.,... Engine Driver, Tramway Co.,................... Assistant, Lauts, Wegener & Co., Assistant, Shewan, Tomes & Co.,
Des Voeux Road, Prince's Buildings, Queen's Building.
Des Voeux Road.
30 Des Voeux Road Central. Quarry Bay.
1 Counaught Road. 40 & 41 Praya East. Prince's Buildings. Engine House, The Peak. Prince's Buildings. 16 Belilios Terrace.
Assistant A. S. Watson & Co., Ld.,... Alexandra Buildings. Assistant, Kruse & Co.,
Broker,
Asst., A. II. Rennie & Co., Merchants, Manager, Occidental Hotel,..
Runner, Hongkong Hotel,
Hotel Mansion. Hongkong Club.
45 Wyndham Street. Elgin Road, Kowloon, Hongkong Hotel.
Wharf Overseer, HK. & Kowloon 4 Victoria View, Kowloon.
Wharf & Godown Co., Ld.,
General Asst., Dairy Farm Co., Ld., Timekeeper, Taikoo Sugar Refinery, Assistant, Douglas, Lapraik & Co.,... Salesman, Singer Machine Co., ..... Foreman, Quarry Bay Shipyard,..... Timekeeper, HK. & W. Dock Co., Ld., Assistant, J. D. Hutchison & Co., Clerk, P. & O. S. N. Co., Broker, Layton & Co.,.... Pansman, Taikoo Sugar Refy. Co.,Ld., Assistant, J. D. Hutchison & Co.,... Foreman Moulder, HK. & Whompoa
Dock Co., Ld.,
Manager, Robinson Piano Co., Ld., . Storekeeper, Punchard Lowther & Co.. Timekeeper, B. & S.'s. Shipyard, Asst., HK. & S. Banking Corpn., Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard, Asst., David Sassoon & Co., L·l., Merchant, Gregor & Co....... Clerk, International Bankg. Corpn., Brakeman, Peak Tramway,. Manager, R. S. Woonwalla & Co., Architect, W. Danby,
Foreman, China Sugar Refinery,..... Clerk, HK. & K. W. & G. Co., Ld., Representative, Vacuum Oil Co., Assistant, Standard Oil Company, Foreman, China Sugar Refinery,.... Assistant, Bradley Co., Broker, Benjamin, Keily & Potts, Asst., Hamburg-America Linie,
| Assistant, A. S. Watson & Co., Ld.,
Assistant, Denison, Ram & Gibbs,... Accountant, Kelly & Walsh, Ld., Foreman Engineer, Dock Co., Assistaut, B. & Swire,.........
|
|
Waverley, Hotel. Quarry Bay. Hongkong Ilotel. Wyndham Street. Quarry Bay. Kowloon Dock. King Edward Hotel. The Peak.
1, Prince's Building. Shaukiwan Road. 2 Bonham Road.
Kowloon Dock. 7 Caine Road. 1 Old Bailey. Quarry Bay. Cloudlan is, Peak. Quarry Bay. Des Voeux Road. Bahar Lodge.
| 56 Hollywood Road
St. Francis' Yard, Wantsai. 2 Hollywood Road. Bishops' Lodge, Peak. East Point.
8 East Terrace, Kowloon. Hongkong Hotel.
4 Chater Street.
Bowrington.
2 Ormsby Villas, Kowloon. Clovelly, Peak Road. York Buildings.
A. S. Watson & Co., Ld. Kowloon Gas Works. Cragside, Barker Road, Kowloon Docks.
1 Connaught Road.
Q
Quinn, John
R
Steward, Hongkong Club,
Hongkong Club.
Radbruch, Walter
Ramsay, James
Ramsay, Joseph Marshail. Ramsay, William
Rapp, Fritz.....
Clerk, East Asiatic Trading Co., Foreman Turner, Dock Co.,................ Foreman Iron Shipwright, Dock Co.,. Supt. Engineer, B. & Swire, Asst., A. S. Watson & Co., Ld.,......
9 Robinson Road.
Cosmopolitan Dock. Kowloon Docks. Des Voeux Road. Alexandra Buildings.
25
NAME IN FULL.
R-Continued.
Rapp, Gustav..
Rapp, Herman
Raptis, John Hadrian
Rattey, William James Raven, Arthur Robert Fenton. Ray, Edward Henry Raymond, Albert Raymond, Edward Benjamin Raymond, Ellis Benjamin Razavet, George Reeves, Henry
Remedios, José Domingos Hidalgo Salvador dos Reynolds, Frank Oswald Richards, Charles Walter Richardson, George Richardson, Hedley Thomas...
Ritchie, Archibald....... Ritchie, Archibald Ritchie, James Redford........ Ritchie, John Cameron Roberts, Arthur Griffith
Robertson, Thomas Watson Robertson, Wrifrid Ralli Robinson, Albert Edward Robinson, Walter Vaughan
Robson, John James Rodger, John
Rogers, Charles
Rogge, Carl Heinrich Rogge (Jr.) Carl
Röhrs, Frederick
Rose, Louis Augustus Ross, John
Ross, William Walker Gibson: Rouse, Athol Bernard
Royer, Heuri
Ruchwaldy, John Samuel Russell, William John Rutherford, Norman Hubert... Rutter, Robert Vart Rutonjce, Hormusjee Ruttonjee, Jehangir Hormusjee,
$
Sadon, Robert..............
Saint-Pierre, René
Samy, Arthur Poonoo Saunders, George Haward
Sayer, George John Budds.... Sayle, Robert Theophilus
Dalton
Schierenberg, Hermann Schlüter, Hakon Axel Schmidt, Wilhelm Selimidtborn, Albert Schneider, Otto Hugo Schoenemann, Andreas
Heinrich Atai .......... Schoenherr, Hans Schönfelder, Heinrich Schröder, Alfred.............. Schröder, Ernest Adolph
Schröter, Carl Christian
Hermann
Schultenbach, Charles
OCCUPATION.
ABODE.
Clerk, J. D. Humphreys & Son,...... Kowloon. Assistant, A. S. Watson & Co., Ld., | A. S. Watson & Co. Tally Clerk, Taikoo Sugar Refinery
Co., Ld.,
Assistant, Dock Co., Architect, Weaven & Raven, Ship Broker, ................
Assistant, S. J. David & Co., Clerk, E. D. Sassoon & Co., Clerk, E. D. Sassoon & Co., Asst., Peninsular & Oriental S. N. Co., Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co.,
Clerk, Fenwick & Co....... Civil Engineer, B. & S.'s Shipyard,. Assistant, Jardine, Matheson & Co., Bookseller, Brewer & Co., Supt. Engineer, Canadian Pacific
Railway Co., Manager, Ritchie & Co.,
Marine Engineer, Dodwell & Co., Ld., Foreman. B. & S.'s Shipyard, Mason, Panchard, Lowther & Co., ... Civil Engineer, Punchard, Lowther
& Co.,
Supt. Engine.r, W. & Godown Co,... Assistant, Shewan, Tomes & Co., Manager, H. Price & Co., General Manager, W. Robinson &
Co., Ltd.,
Foreman Engineer, Dock Co., Sugar Boiler, China Sugar Refinery
Co., Lil.,
Asst., Butterfield & Swire, Shipbroker, Lamke & Co., Lil., Clerk, Siemssen & Cɔ., Taikoo Sugar Refinery, Asst., E. M. Hazeland, Architect, Foreman Engineer, Dock Co.,.. Asst., Jardine, Matheson& Co., Assistant, Union Insurance Society
of Canton, L., Clerk, A. R. Marty,.. Asst., Quarry Bay Shipyard, Foreman, Dock Co.,
Assistant, Shewan, Tomes & Co., Foreman Blacksmith, Dock Co., Merchant, H. Ruttonjee & Co., Assistant, H. Ruttonjec,
Spinning Master, Hongkong Colton Spinning & Dying Co., Lt., ................ Cashier, Banque de l'Indo-Chine, ... Assistant, John Lemm,
Clerk of Works, Taikoo Sugar Re-
finery Co., Ld.,
Civil Engineer,
Clerk, HK. & K. W. & G. Co., Clerk, Sander, Wieler & Co., Asst., Reuter, Bröckelmann & Co.,... Clerk, Jebsen & Co.,
Asst., Deutsch-Asiatische Bank,. Clerk, Jebsen & Co., -
Clerk, F. Blackhead & Co.,..... Assistant, Carlowitz & Co.,.... Chemist, Taikoo Sugar Refy. Co., Ld., Clerk, Jebsen & Co.,
Assistant, China Export Import &
Bank Co.,
Merchant, Meyer & Co.,
|
Shaukiwan Road. Cosmopolitan Doek. Pedders Hill.
8 Macdonnell Road. 54 Caine Road,
7 Queen's Road,
7 Queen's Road Central. Des Vœux Road. Lane, Crawford & Co.
10 Morrison Hill Road. Quarry Bay. The Peak. Queen's Road.
3 Canton Villas, Kowloon,
37 Des Voeux Road. Holyrood, Kowloon. Quarry Bay.
29 Wong-nei-chong Road.
Peak.
2 Kimberley Road, Kowloon. Hongkong Hotel.
2 Centuny Crescent K'nedy Rd.
7 Caine Road. Kowloon Docks.
East Point.
2 Connault Road: 25 Belilios Terrace. Quarry Bay.
11 Morrison Hill Gap Road. Kowloon Docks. East Point.
4 Cameron Villas, The Peak.
Des Voeux Road Central. Town Office. Kowloon Docks. Hongkong Hotel. Kowloon Docks.
39 Elgin Road, Kowloon. 39 Elgin Road, Kowloon.
East Point. Hongkong Club. 25 Bonham Road.
Shankiwan Road.
19, Queen's Road Central.
Hongkong Hotel. Prince's Building. Carlton House, Ice House St. 4 Granville Avenue, K'loon. Hansa Villa, The Peak. King's Building.
St. George Building. Summer House, Peak. Shankiwau Road.
8 Humphrey's Alley, K'loon.
27 Conduit Road.
King's Buildings.
Melting Dept., Taikoo Sugar Refy, . Quarry Bay.
NAME IN FULL.
26.
OCCUPATION.
ABODE.
S-Continued. Schumacher, Carl Schwarzkopt, Friderich
Johann Rudolph....................... Scott, Colin Cunningham Scott, John Byron Scriven, Henry Ernest Sequeria, Pedro Nolasco Seth, Enos....
Seth, Harold Arathoon Seth, John Hennesey. Seth, Seth Arathoon Sewell, William Heury Shaud, Thomas Shaw, Alfred
Shea, James Jerry Sheffield, Alfred Sheffield, Ernest Alfred. Shepherd, Edgar Bruce
Shewan, William Thomson Shroff, Framroze Pestonji.. Sibbit, John James Siebler, Hugo Oscar Siebs, Berno
Siebs, Haus August Silas, Charles David Silas, David Hai.......... Silbermann, Isydor........ Silva, Porphyrio Maria
Nolasco da Simcock, Philip
Simmonds, John Frederick Simms, Henry George Simpson, Thomas Kentley
Sinclair, Angus
Skinner, Thomas
Skött, Christian
Skött, Hans
Slade, Thomas
Slaney, Abert Edward Smith, Alfred Brooke Smith, Arthur William Smith, Charles Gearhart Smith, Edmund Burt Smith, Eric Grant Smith, George
Smith, George Morton Smith, Horace Percy, Smith, Samuel Smyth Frank
Suowman, Albert Washington Somerville, Andrew George
Somay
Soonderam, Rammisamy Sorby, Vincent
Merchaut, Fred. Bornemann,
Merchant, F. Blackhead & Co., Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Asst., A. S. Watson & Co., Ld.,. Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co., Assistant, Standard Oil Co.,............. Mercantile Assistant,
Asst., A. H. Rennie & Co., Acct., &c., Percy Smith & Seth,. Secretary, Dairy Farm Co., Ld.,........ Gauger, Punchard, Lowther & Co.,... Engineer, Taikoo Sugar Refinery, Manager, Cotton Mills, Assistant, Standard Oil Co.,................ Asst. Supt., Fitting Dept., Gas Co.,. Assistant, Gibb, Livingston & Co.,... Assistant, Hongkong Land Invest-
ment & Agency Co., Ld., Merchant,
Clerk, S. J. David & Co., Time-keeper, Dock Co., Chemist, Soap Works,.. Clerk, Siemssen & Co., Clerk, Siemssen & Co....... Assistant, Dock Co., Ld., Assistant, D. Sassoon Sous & Co.,... Hotel Keeper, "Globe Hotel,”
Manager, Guedes & Co., Assistant Engineer, Green Island
Cement Co., I^l., Storekeeper's Assistant, Dock Co,.. Ins. Agent, North China Ins. Co., ... Clerk of Works, Hongkong & K'loon
Wharf & Godown Co., Ld., Marine Superintendent, Superintendent, Matheson & Co.,
Jardine
Marine Engineer, Dodwell & Co., Ld.. Assistant, Skött & Co.,
Merchant, Skött & Co., H'kong Hotel, Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard,.........
6 Queen's Road Central.
St. George Building. Praya Central.
A. S. Watson & Co., Ld. Lane, Crawford & Co. Hotel Mansions.
Norman Cottage, Peak Road. Norman Cottage, Peak Road. Norman Cottage, Peak Road. Norman Cottage, Peak Road. Naval Yard, Extension. Quarry Bay. East Point. Hongkong Hotel.
Priory Lodge, Bonham Road. St. George Building.
5 Queen's Road Central. 8A Des Voeux Road.
4 Ashley Road, Kowloon. Kowloon Docks.
Shankiwan Road,
Victoria Lodge, Peak Road. Victoria Lodge, Peak Road. College Chambers.
The Den, Castle Road. Queen's Road Ceutral.
4 Seymour Terrace.
1 Ormsby Terrace, Kowloon. Kowloon Docks.
2 Lyeemoou Villas, Kowloon.
Kowloou.
Peak Hotel.
2 Canton Villas, Kowloon. Hongkong Hotel..
10 Des Vœux Road. Quarry Bay.
| East Point.
Foreman, Puuchard, Lowther & Co. | Naval Yard Extension. Assistant, Jardine, Matheson & Co., Assistant, Alex. Ross & Co., Clerk, Pacific Mail S. S. Co., Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard,... Assistant, Dodwell & Co., Ld., Foreman Shipwright, Dock Co.,.............. Assistant, Dodwell & Co., Lathe, Chartered Acct., Percy Smith & Seth, Boatswain, Dock Co., Broker, Vernon & Smyth Asst., East Asiatic Trading Co.,......
Assistant, Shewan, Tomes & Co., Clerk, Hongkong Hotel Co., Ld., ... Electrical Engineer, HK. Electric
Co., L.,
Souza, Miguel Angelo Antonio] Manager, Campbell, Moore & Co..
Spafford, Thomas
Spittles, Benjamin James Squair, Alexander Cook Stabb, Newton John Staeger, Oscur.......... Stapelfeldt, Max. Theodor Stebbing, William Thomas Steen, James Conolly
Stein, Alexis Low Stephens, Herbert
Stevenson, Allan
Stevenson, Robert
Stewart, John Wemyss..
Stewart, Walter Merton
......
Storekeeper, Punchard, Lowther &
Co.,
Assistant, A. S. Watson & Co., Ld., Assistant, Dock Co.,
Clerk, HK. & S. Bank,
Cashier, Russo-Chinese Bank,. Assistant, Melchers & Co., Printer, Kelly & Walsh,
Civil Engineer, Punchard, Lowther
& Co.,
Insurance Agent,
Foreign Representative, Howard&Co., Asst. Manager, Dairy Farm, Co., L., Civil Engineer, Punchard, Lowther
& Co.,
Foreman, China Sugar Refinery, Manager, W. H. Boyd & Co......
Des Voeux Road. Queon's Building. Quarry Bay. Craigieburn, The Peak. Kowloon Docks. Deacons's Bungalow Pakfulum. 5 Queen's Road. Kowloon Docks, Victoria B'ding, 5, Queen's Rd. Connaught Road Central.
Hongkong Hotel. Hongkong Hotel.
Wanchai.
44 Upper Mosque Terrace.
12 Sau Wa Fong. ·
|
A. S. Watson & Co.
22 Robinson Road.
Bank Premises. Bank.
Queen's Building. Connaught House.
Peak Hotel.
6 & 8 Alexandra Building. Hongkong Hotel. Pokfulam.
Matankok. East Point. Hongkong Hotel.
NAME IN FULL.
S-Continued.
Stewart, William
27
OCCUPATION.
ABODE.
Stewart, William
Stockhausen, Curt Gottlob
Gustav...
Stone, Frederick Edward Stopani, John Andrew
Stoppa, William Christain
Paul
Stubbings, John James......
Stupersky, Antonio
Sullivan, Charles Daniel
Summers, Edwin Henry Spark
Swaby, Thomas Charles Swart, Schelto
Tams, Otto
Tang Chee
T
Taraporewala, Bejanjee
Ardeshir
Tarrant, Ernest Norsworthy... Tarrant, John Arthur
Tatam, John
Taylor, William Taylor, William
Tegner, Ludvig Ferdinand
Templeton, David..........
Terrill, William James Terry, Edgar William
Terry, Wallace
Tester, Percy
Textor, Hermann
Thiessen, Adolf Johannes
Martin
Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard, Foreman Sawyer, Dock Co.,
Assistant, Blackhead & Co., Assistant, Standard Oil Co., Assistant Superintendent, Manufacturing Co.,
Broker,
Rope
Electical Engineer, IIK. Electic
Co., Lt.,
Dranghtesman, HK. & W'pon Dock
Co., Lủ,
Godown and Tally Dept., Taikoo
Sugar Refinery,
Storekeeper, HK. & Kowloon Wharf
& Godown Co., Ld., Assistant, Vacuum Oil Co.,..... Manager, East Asiatic Trading Co.,.]
Asst., Siemssen & Co.,..............
Quarry Bay. Kowloon Docks.
Fairview, Robinson Road. The Bund, Kowloon,
3 Victoria View, Kowloon.
7 & 8 Hotel Mansions.
Wanchai.
King Edward Hotel.
Quarry Bay.
6 Ashley Road, Kowloon. King's Building. Exmoor, Conduit Road.
26 Belilios Terrace.
Merchant, Dang Chec, Son, & Co.,... 3 Carnarvon Road, Kowloon.
Clerk, Tata & Co.,
Asst., A. S. Watson & Co.,
Acting Secretary, A. S. Watson &
Co., Lủ,
Butcher, Dairy Farm Co., Ld., Chemist, China Sugar Refinery, Foreman Pattern-maker, Dock Co., Sub-Accountant, International Bank-
ing Corporation, Assistant Manager, Taikoo Sugar
Refinery.....
Clerk, Punchard, Lowther & Co., Supt. Fitting Dept., Hongkong &
China Gas Co.,.....
Asst., W. Powell & Co.. Assistant, Jardine, Matheson & Co., Acting Marine Supt., Norddeutscher
Lloyd
Assistant, Blackhead & Co.,
Thomas, Christopher Boswood Architect, W. Danby,
Thomas, Edward
Thomas, Harry Philip Thomas, Johu Alexander
Griffith
Thorne, Stanley Moritz.
Thun, Johannes Carl Heinrich Tibbey, Henry Macpherson ...
Tiefenbacher, Hans Max Tollan, Duncan
Toppin, James
Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard, Clerk, C. P. Railway Co.,
Clerk, W. R. Loxley & Co, Sub-Accountant, Chartered Bank of
I. A. & C.,..... Assistant, Blackhead & Co., Shipping Agent, MacGregor Bros
& Gow,
Clerk, Wm. Meyerink & Co. Electrician, China & Japan Tele-
phone Co.,
Asst., Shewan Tomes & Co,
Torrence, Robert McAllister... Tuner, Robinson Piano Co., Ld.,
Tregillus, Paul
Tulip, Wilfred
Turnbull, Thomas Guthrie Turner, Isaac Turner, William
Turner, William Cecil Dutton Tuxford, Alfred Stanley Tyack, Arthur Henry
U
Uldall, Sofus Vilhelm August
Underwood, John Harry
Unsworth, Richard
Urban, Federico
43 Hollywood Road. Alexandra Buildings.
1 Canton Villas, Kowloon. 28 Morrison Hill Road. East Point. Kowloon Docks.
Hop Un Cement work.
Quarry Bay.
14 Morrison Hill Gap Road.
Gas Works. Alexandr aBuilding.
| East Point.
3 Queen's Building.
3 Queen's Gardens.
Hongkong Hotel. Quarry Bay. Hongkong Hotel.
73 Praya East.
3 Queen's Rado Central. Ravenshill.
King Edward Hotel. Tower House, Calder Road.
Ice House Street. St. Georges Building. 157 Wanchai Road. 26 Wyndham Street.
Foreign Representative,Howard &Co., Draughtsman, HK. & W. D. Co., Ld., | 2 Knutford Terrace. Clerk, Canadian Pacific R'way Co., Hotel Mansions. Head Watchman, Dock Co.,
Kowloon Docks. Mercantile Assit., B'field & Swire,... 1 Connaught Road. Asst., HK. & S'hai Banking Corp., Hongkong Bank.
Manager, Lazarus & Co......................... Civil Engineer, Punchard, Lowther
& Co.,
Works Manager, Green Island Ce-
ment Co., Ld.,
3 & 5, Pedder Street.
Hongkong Club.
Kowloou.
Chemist, China Sugar Refy. Co.. Ld., | East Point. Wharfinger, Wharf & Godown Co..... Kowloon. Clerk, Siemssen & Co...........................
No. 2 Kuntsfore Terrace.
*
NAME IN FULL.
28
OCCUPATION.
ABODE.
V
Vardigan, Arthar William.
Asst., Kowloon Hotel,..
Vincenot, Louis
Vivian, James.....
Co-Manager, Howard & Co., Fitter Punchard, Lowther & Co.,
Vollbrecht, Ernst Oscar Rudolf Clerk, Blackhead & Co.,
W
Wagner, Otto....
Wahlen, Julius Ferdinand......
Walker, James Ward, Arthur Jacob Warnes, Charles Aspinell...... Warnsloh, Hugo Peter Gerold Warrack, Alexander Fehrsen Warre, Felix Walter Warren, Charles Edward Watson, Albert
Watson, Ernest George....
Watson, John Johnston..... Watson, William Harold Watt, Albert William Jack Weall, Thomas Graham...... Weaser, William Lionel........ Webb, George Stanley Webb, Harry Montague Wedekind, Woldemar..... Wegmanu, Franz Weill, Albert
Wells, Johú
West, William Edward Westerburger, Charles Adolphs
Henri
Wheeley, Alfred Edward. Wheeley, John Thomas Martin Whiley, William John Granger Whitainore, Rupert Alexander White, Edmund William White, Francis William... White, George Whitlow, Alfred William Whyte, James Fleming
Marshall
Whyte, Robert
Wilkie, John
Wilks, Edward Charles.....
Wilks, Owen Beynon........
Williams,Cecil Stanley Norbury Williams, Charles Marion ........... Williams, Ernest Alfred
Mountford Wilson, George Tweedie Wilson, Robert
Winter, Joseph Blake Winterburn, William George... Wolff, Philip Robert Wong, Joseph Mowlam Wood, Robert Bryden Woodgates, James Allan Wotherspoon, William Wrench, James Wright, James Francis
Wynue, Hugh Samuel
Young, James
Y
Young, Jesse Ashton
Z
|
...
Watchmaker, Gaupp & Co.,....... Manager, China Export & Import
Pank Compagnie,
Manager, Dairy Farm, Co., Ld.,....... Electrician, Dock Co, Sorter, HK. & K., W. & G. Co., Ld., Assistant, Melchers & Co., Asst., HK. & S'hai Banking Corpn., Assistant, Gilman & Co.,............ Contractor, C. E. Warren & Co.,.. Brakeman, Peak Trainway,.. Engine-driver, H'kong High Level
Tramway Co., L.,
Sugar Boiler, China Sugar Refinery, Clerk, HK. & K. W. & G. Co., Ld.,... Asst., HK. & S'hai Banking Corpn., Asst.. Dodwell & Co., Ld., Architect, Weaser & Raven, Storekeeper's Assistant, Dock Co.,... Assistant, Butterfield & Swire, Assistant, Melchser& Co., Asst., Armhold Kerberg & Co., Assistant, Sennet Freres,... Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard, Acct., Vacuum Oil Co.,
Assistant, Arnhold, Karberg & Co., . Asst., China Traders' Insurance Co., Manager, China Borneo Co., Secretary Sun Life Assurance, Asst., Shewan Tomes & Co., Assistant, Wm. Powell Ld.,. Clerk, Caldbeck MacGregor & Co.,... Foreman Mason, Dock Co., - Broker,
Assistant, Lane, Crawford & Co., Foreman Coppersmith, Dock Co., Chief Clerk, Dock Co.,..
Consulting Engineer, E. C. Wilks &
Co.,
-
Supt. Harbour Works, E. C. Wilks
& Co., Assistant, Gibb, Livingston & Co..... Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard,
Assistant, Wm. Powell, Ld., Foreman Boilermaker, Dock Co., Foreman Boilermaker, Dock Co., Foreman, Gas Co.,
Manager, Geo. Fenwick & Co., Clerk, HK. & K. W. & G. Co., Clerk, J. D. Humphreys & Son, Manager, Steam Laundry Co.,... Clerk, P. & O. S. N. Company, Chief Timekeeper. B. & S.'s S'yard, Yardman, Hose Repository, Share Broker, Benjamin Kelly and
Potts,
Foreman Joiner, Dock Co.,
Foreman, B. & S.'s Shipyard............................... Assistant, Shewan Tomes & Co.,
Zavier, Antonio Francisco de Clerk, Goddardl & Douglas.. Zehranu, Franz Curt
Clerk, Jebsen. & Co.,
Elgin Road, Kowloon. Queen's Road Central. Naval Yard Extension. 3 Queen's Gardens.
13 Knutsford Terrace, K'loon..
27 Conduit Road. Pokfulam.
. Kowloon Docks.
Kowloon.
:
Queen's Building. Hongkong Bank. Queen's Road Central.
30 Des Vœux Road Central. Engine House, The Peak.
Engine House, The Peak. East Point.
7 Rose Terrace, Kowloon. Hongkong Bank.
6 Mountain View Peak. 8 Des Voeux Road Central. Kowloon Docks. Connaught Road. Queen's Building.
St. George House, K'nedy Rd.. 11 Seymour Road. Quarry Bay.
6 Park View.
33 Conduit Road.
Stewart Terrace, The Peak. Eden Hall, Lyttleton Road. 6 & 8 Alexandra Building. St. Georges Building. Alexandra Building. 33 Seymour Road. Kowloon Docks.
3 Beaconsfield Arcade.
Queen's Road Central. Kowloon Docks. Kowloon Docks,
3 Kimberley Villas, Kowloon.
12 Beaconsfield Arcade. St. Georgés Building. Quarry Bay.
Alexandra Building. Kowloon Docks, Cosmopolitan Dock. Westward Ho. 6 Morrison Hill. Hongkong Hotel. New Territory, Kowloon. Yanmati.
The Peak. Quarry Bay. Causeway Bay.
St. George Building. Kowloon Docks.
Quarry Bay.
St. George Building.
Prince's Building.
Braeside, Macdonnell Road.
ARATHOON SETH,
Registrar.
Registry, Supreme Court, Hongkong,
1st February, 1906.
GENERAL REPORT OF THE PRINCIPAL CIVIL MEDICAL OFFICER
AND THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH.
.
.
ÁREA.
The Sanitary Board's jurisdiction extends to the Island of Hongkong, which has an area of 29 square miles, and to that portion of territory on the mainland between the shore and the first range of the Kowloon Hills extending from the village of Tseung Kwan O in Junk Bay, on the East, to the village of Kau Pa Hang on the West-with a sea frontage of about thirteen miles and an area of about sixteen square miles. Old Kow- loon, with an area of about 24 square miles, has been in British occupation since 1861, but New Kowloon was leased to this Government in 1898 only, as part of what is known as the New Territory. The remainder of this New Territory is not under the jurisdiction of the Sanitary Board..
The City of Victoria, built on the Northern shore of the Island of Hongkong, has a frontage to the sea of nearly five miles and is separated from the opposite mainland of Kowloon by the Harbour, which is rather less than a mile and a third wide opposite the centre of the City and widens out to somewhat over three miles at its widest part, con- tracting again at Lyemun Pass on the East to little more than a quarter of a mile in width.
The domestic buildings of the City of Victoria number 9,537 exclusive of Barracks and Police Stations, of which some 966 are non-Chinese dwellings, while there are also some 154 European dwellings in the Hill District. The number of new houses completed during the year was as follows:-City of Victoria 182, Kowloon 44, Outlying districts 33, and Peak 1, making a total of 260.
In addition to the above there were erected miscellaneous buildings such as offices, godowns, etc., to the number of 30.
In the Kau U Fong area of Victoria there were cleared away 37 old buildings, and 3 other houses in different parts of the City were vacated with a view to being cleared away shortly.
•
GENERAL SANITARY CONDITION.
The effect of the present law in providing increased window area for houses is very marked as far as the appearence of houses from the streets is concerned.
Unfortunately in existing buildings there is the old difficulty of not being able to sub-divide the floors into separately lighted apartments.
Under the former law (anterior to 1894) there were built many houses with very small window area. During 1905 2,512 houses have had there windows enlarged to comply with the present Ordinance.
Open spaces in the rear have been provided to 147 houses.
Cement rendering of walls in kitchens has been carried out in 2,108 cases.
In connection with anti-plague measures to render houses rat-proof if possible, 1,088 ground surfaces in houses have been reconcrete i while 967 such have had existing concrete repaired. In addition 4 basements illegally inhabited have been altered so as to be legally habitable and 59 houses have been set back from their original frontage so as to obtain in- creased air spaces in front.
In addition to the above improvements carried out under the supervision of the Sanitary Department various other permanent improvements have been effected by the Public Works Department.
..
260
These include the training of nullahs to the extent of 5,145 feet and the building of public latrines and urinals as follows:-one latrine in Third Street, one urinal on the Praya opposite Douglas Street, and one urinal at the upper terminus of the Peak Tramway.
The resumption of property by the Government to the extent of 18,092 square feet during the year under review, has greatly improved the Kau U Fong area.
A considerable improvement is always taking place in the matter of scavenging lanes but the full effect of the Ordinance in this respect will not be noticeable for a considerable number of years.
Nevertheless the total length of lanes obtained for scavenging purposes during the year has been 18,977 feet.
As the re-building of a house necessitates the sacrifice of ground to be devoted to open space, owners will of course always prefer to patch the existing houses rather than re-build. However 48 old hcuses have been pulled down and re-built during the year.
During the year three wells the water of which was unsatisfactory were closed by order of the Sanitary Board.
METEOROLOGICAL RETURN.
The following Table records the meteorological conditions which prevailed during the
year-
MONTH.
BARO-
METER
AT
TEMPERATURE.
HUMIDITY.
WIND.
CLOUDI SUN-
SHINE. NESS.
RAIN.
M.S.L. Max. Mean. Min. Rel. Abs.
Dir.
Vel.
January,
February,
March,..... 29.94 61.8 58.9 56.3
ins. 29.93 69.0 64.3
O
о
60.7
p. c. 79
ins. 0.19
p. c. hours.
ins. Points. 69 142.9 1.800 Ε
miles p.
11.5
h.
30.01 58.9 55.3
51.6 84
0.37
92
26.3 1.100 E by S
11.3
*
April,
May,
June,
29.62 85.0 81.1
July,
29.61 87.8 82.3
August,
29.65 86.7
81.2
September, 29.77 84.7 80.1
October, 29.89 80.4 75.9
November, 30.05 73.6 | 69.2
29.85 72.0 67.8 63.7 85 0.59 86
29.80 83.0 78.1 74.3 82 078 66
77.4 83 0.87
78.1 80
88888
0.44 96
31.1 11.485 E by N
17.9
100.7 1.235
E
15.1
0.88 63
888
212.0 6.825¦
ESE
10.1
80
144.3 19.695
ESE
11.4
243.5 9.015 SSE
7.8
77.3 84
0.89
68
223.4 12.115 | SE by E
9.3
76.5 81
0.83
65
199.5 3.195
E
14.8
72.0 71
0.64
49
201.7 1.830 E by N
12.4
65.0
66
0.46 48
209.00.280 E by N
12.4
December, 30.00 69.6 65.3
62.1 80
0.50 73 117.0 2.370 ENE
12.9
POPULATION.
The following is the estimated population to the middle of 1905 :—
Non-Chinese Civil Cominunity,
Chinese :-
City of Victoria including the Peak and Stonecutters
10,452
Island,
194,950
Villages of Hongkong,
16.296
Old Kowloon,
73,473
New Kowloon (approximate),
...
21,000
Floating population,
54,154
Total Chinese Civil population,
Army, (average strength),
...359,873 4,274
Navy, (average strength),
3,251
Total population of the Colony,
.377,850
:
261
The average strength of troops in Garrison during 1905 was 127 British Officers and 1,629 British N. C.Os and men with 38 Indian Officers and 1,995 Indian N. C.O.s and men, and 69 men of the Chinese Royal Engineers. There were also 342 British women and children, and 74 Indian women and children, making a total of 416.
The average strength of the British fleet was as follows:-Europeans permanently in the Colony 285, Europeans temporarily in the Colony 2,730, Chinese permanently in the Colony 153, Chinese temporarily in the Colony 83—making a total of 3,251.
The Chinese boat population (exclusive of the New Territory) is estimated for 1905 as 54,154 and the number of registered boats belonging to the l'ort for the year is as follows:—
Fishing and Trading Junks,
Cargo Boats, Lighters and Sampans,
.6,771 .5,171
The registered fishing boats belonging to the New Territory were distributed as follows:--
Registered at Cheung Chau,..
::
"2
Tai 0,
Tai Po,
:)
Deep Bay,
""
>>
Sai Kung, Long Kit,
Total,.
1,867
900
1,949
.1,435
669
952
.7.772
The population of the Colony is primarily divided into Chinese and non-Chinese. The non-Chinese comprise a white population of 10,835 of whom 5,722 are civilians while 5,113 belong to the Navy and Army. The coloured races (non-Chinese) number 6,837 and include East Indians, Asiatic Portuguese, Japanese, Philippinos, Malays, Africans, Persians and a few others.
The Civil population is essentially a male adult one. At the last census (1901) the population of males was 72.6 per cent. of the total civil population.
Of the Chinese population 72.9 per cent. were males, and over half the civil population (50.2 per cent. of the Chinese and 564 per cent. of the non-Chinese) were between the ages of 20 and 45 years.
The City of Victoria is divided into ten health districts with a Sanitary Inspector in charge of each district. These ten districts are grouped into five larger districts of two each and a Senior Inspector has general supervision and control of the Sanitary work in each of such groups.
Kowloon has one Senior Inspector with two district Inspectors under his su vision. With the abatement of plague during the last two years the former five plague Inspect- ors in Victoria have been reduced to four, two Inspectors dividing the district of the fifth Inspector between them in addition to their former districts.
The supervision of the sanitary work in the villages of Hongkong and in Kowloon City and Sham Shui Po is done by the Police Inspectors in their respective districts.
The following Table shows the number of Chinese house and floors and their inmates per house and per floor in the City of Victoria :-
City of Victoria
One Two Three Four Five Total storey storey storey storey storey Dwell- Total Dwell- Dwell- Dwell- Dwell-Dwellings.
Average
Number of
Number of
No. of
persons per
Health
Floors.
District.
ings. ings. ings. ings. ings.
Floors per Dwelling.
House.
persons per Floor,
1
161 428 206
3
341 580
32 Nil. 827 82 Nil. 1,006
.1,763
2.1
14.7
2,753
2.7
24.1
6.9
8.7
Most of the Chinese of
3
Nil.
6
19
2
Nil.
27
77
2.8
this district lived in quarters
attached to offices.
4
6
57
562
408
6 1,039
3,408
3.2
25.7
7.8
5
2 132 502
333
46 1.015
3,334
3.2
24.6
7:5
6
46
52 433
369
25
925 3,050
3.3
23.3
7:0
7
17
36 447
377
8
6
9
23
10
33
24 901 83 616 294 8 | 1,002 440 498 103 Nil. 1,064 334 363 35 Nil.
3,058 3-3 3,211 2,809 2.6 765 1,930
18.4
5.4
3.2
22.7
7.0
23.6
8.9
2.5
16.9
6.6
Totals and Averages.
297 1,909 4,226 | 2,035 1048,571
25,393 2.89
22.4
7.5
262
The following Table shows the acreage of the City Health Districts with the houses and population in each such district :—-
Built-over
Health Districts.
Total
Areas in
Acreage.
Chinese Houses.
Acres.
Non- Chinese Houses.
Chinese Non-Chinese Population. Population.
Persons per Acre (built-over).
1.........
531
134
827
158
12,230
2........
234
140
1,006
66
24,220977 troops.
1,205
510
100
}
183
3..........
232
137
27
422
5,420
3,150
61
:
4.........
56
53
1,039
165
26,760
1,422
531
5..........
29
27
1,015
62
25,060
423
943
6..........
30
27
925
15
21,610
104
804
36
31
901
5
16,610
66
537
S.........
49
47
1,002
3
22,755
31
481
9.........
44
44
1,064.
19
25,135
174
575
10.
252
106
765
51
12,850
515
126
1,502
746
8,571
966
192,650
8,577
270
The following Table shows the distribution of the population of Kowloon according to Houses and Floors in the different sub-districts into which Kowloon is divided :—
Kowloon
Sub-districts.
1
10
5
231
3
17 70 79
3.
9 324
383 91
4.
524
63 326
I-
7
5..
20 173
22
6........
3
234 292 22
7
592
8.........
446 Ї
940 219
F:.
9.........
699
46
:
:
:
:
:.
:
:
:.
:
:
Area in Acres.
221
438 1.98 9.98 5-04
108
166 560 3.37 27.92 8.27
796 2,137 2.68 20.86
126
198
920 1,656 1.80 6-78 3.77
163
245 542
4.37 27.47 12:51
319
551 1,435
2.60 16.73 6.42
323
1,0421,496
1.43
5.13 3.58
2,758
1,159 1,598 1.36 5.56 4.03
2,068
745 791 1.06
6.28
5.92
732
BIRTHS.
The births registered during the year were as follows:-
Chinese, Non-Chinese,
Males.
Females.
Total.
...676
312
988
..153
148
301
829
460
1,289
This gives a general birth-rate of 3.41 per 1,000 as compared with 33 per 1,000 in 1904 and 3.2 per 1,000 in 1903.
The birth-rate amongst the Non-Chinese community was 1703 per 1,000 as compared with 13.9 per 1,000 in 1904 and 15.2 per 1,000 in 1903.
*
263
The nationalities of the Non-Chinese parents are as follows:-British 120, Indian 46, German 13, French 3, American 4, Portuguese 77, Philippino 10, Malay 8, Japanese 5, Jewish 5, Dutch 2, Arabian 2, Spanish, Roumanian, Italian, African, Brazilian and Eurasian 1 cach.
The number of Chinese births registered does not give an accurate record of the num- ber of births which have occurred. Owing to the custom of the Chinese in not registering births unless the child has survived for a month and often in the case of female children not at all, it is probable that the majority it not all of the infants which are sickly at birth or die before they have lived 1 month have not had their births registered. It is customary, therefore, to assume that 'all children of 1 month old and under who die in the various convents (being brought there sick by poor people) and all children found dead in the streets, harbour, hillsides, etc., by the police, have been born in the Colony but not registered. By adding the number of such children to the number of the registered births a corrected number of births is obtained and from this is calculated a corrected birth-rate.
The number of such children in 1905 was 282 males and 458 females, total 740, which being added to the registered births equals 1,728. The corrected birth-rate is therefore 47 while amongst the Chinese community alone the rate becomes 4:79 instead of 27.
The preponderance of male over female registered births is very marked amongst the Chinese there being 216 males to 100 females. Even with 740 above mentioned unregister- ed births the proportion is 124 males to 100 females. This suggests that even the corrected birth-rate may not be altogether trustworthy.
In the Non-Chinese community the proportion of male births to female births for 1905 is 103 to 100 as compared with 83 males to 100 females in 1904 and 111 males to 100 females in 1903 and 1902.
DEATHS.
The deaths registered during the year numbered 6,594. The death-rate was therefore 17.45 as compared with 16·94 in 1904. These deaths include 287 from Plague.
The following Table gives the death-rates during the past twenty years inclusive and exclusive of deaths from Plague and exclusive in every case of the Naval and Military populations and deaths, as until the last eleven years these latter figures were not recorded :—
1886
31.79
1896
24.25
1887
28.59
1897
19.13
1888
31.72
Average
1398
22.71
Average
27.78
22.80
1889
23.64
1899
24.33
1890
23.19
1900-
24.12
1891
23.80
1901
24.03
1892
20.70
1902
22.18
1893
22.70
Average
1903
19.30
Average
23.89
20-28
1894
30.37
1904
18.29
1895
21.89
1905
17.66
Excluding Plague :-
1896
19.79
1901
19.03
1897
19.05
1902.
20.32
1898
17.98
Average
1903
15.10
Average
19.31
17.62
1899
18-65
1904
16.79
1900
21.10
1905
16.89
The total number of deaths amongst the Chinese community was 6,292 which gives a death-rate of 17:46 per 1,000 as compared with 17∙18 in 1904.
The deaths registered amongst the Non-Chinese community numbered 302 of which 251 were from the Civil population, 36 from the Army and 15 from the Navy.
This gives a death-rate for the Non-Chinese community of 17.08.
The nationalities of the deceased were as follows:-British 89, Indian 77, Portuguese 56, German 16, Japanese 13, American 11, Malay 6, French 6, Philippino 4, Italian 3, Swedish 3, Swiss, Jewish and Austrian 2 each; Irish, Dutch, Austrian, New-Zealander, Norwegian, Persian, Arabian, Danish, Turkish, Eurasian 1 each, and of unknown nationality 2.
1
264
The following Table gives the causes of the 36 deaths among the Troops :
British.
Indian.
Facture of Skull,
1
Sprue,
Heart Disease,
1
Pneumonia,.
Dysentery,
1
Bronchitis,
Contusion of Skull,
1
Poisoning,
Abscess of Liver,
1
Measles,
Syphilis,
1
Dysentery, Tuberculosis
l'hthisis,
2
9
2
1
1
1
1
}
2
Scurvy,
4
Malaria,
1
Anæmia,
3
Debility,
1
Diarrhoea,
2
6
30
Average EUROPEANS.
Average
CHINESE
INDIAN TROOPs.
Strength..
Strength.
TROOPS,
These deaths are classified in the Military returns as follows:-
CORPS.
:
:
:
:
:
:
∞
1
:.
:
:
:
:.
:
:
:
:
:
:
69
:
:.
:
::.
:.
:
69
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
::.
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:ཚེ
:
7379
5276
5282
:
:
:
:
2
102
11616
535
:
:
:
:
:
CO
3
3 41 2,220
...
:
:.
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
#i
:
16615
11
194
:
4
441
25
333333
9 43
7 31
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
E
1
:
:
:
26
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
a
:
:
:
:
:
27
*
H
1
8.
98 1,370
1,370
1
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
General Staff (Officersouly),
Garrison Staff (W. O., N. C. Officers only),......
Royal Garrison Artillery, ...
Royal Engineers,
Chinese Submarine Miners,.
2nd Royal West Kent Regt.,
Army Service Corps,.......
Royal Army Medical Corps, Army Ordnance Dept. and
Corps,
Army Pay Dept. and Corps,
H. K. & S. Bn. R. G. A.,...
93rd Burma Infantry,
110th Mahratta Light In-
fantry,
114th Mahrattas,
119th Infantry,
129th (D.C.O.) Baluchis,
Indian Subordinate Medi-
cal Dept.,
TOTAL,..
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
265
The 15 deaths occurring in the Chinese Squadron which were registered in the Colony were as follows:
Pneumonia, Syphilis,
....
Abscess of liver,
Drowning,
Heart Disease,
Compound fracture of leg, .Measles,
Typhoid Fever,
Meningitis,
Intestinal Obstruction,
Aneurism,
Cirrhosis of liver,
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
The deaths of persons employed in the Mercantile Marine or in Foreign Navies which were registered in the Colony were 36 and their causes as follows:-
Bullet wound,
Dysentery,
Small-pox,
·
Heart disease,
Asphyxia,
Cancer.
Bright's disease,
Hæmorrhage,
Fracture of skull,
Phthisis,
Apoplexy,
1 Typhoid Fever,
•
3
Tuberculosis,
22
5
Beri-beri,
1
2
Peritonitis,.
1
1
Cholera,.
1
1
Abscess of lung,
1
Cut throat...
1
Burns,
1
1
Epilepsy,
1
6
Unknown,
1
2
The total number of deaths therefore which occurred amongst the Non-Chinese resident civil population was 215, and allowing 1,100 for the Non-Chinese floating population this gives a death-rate of 22.99 per 1,000 for the resident Non-Chinese civil population.
Three deaths from Plague occurred amongst the Non-Chinese community comprising -one Portuguese, one Indian and one Malay.
Table I shows the number and causes of deaths registered during the year.
The following Table of population, births and deaths is given for the purpose of ready comparison with similar tables given in the reports from other Colonies:
Europeans and Whites.
Africans.
East Indians.
Chinese Mixed
and
and Malays.
Coloured.
TOTALS.
Number of Iuhabitants in 1903,
10,835
20
3,907
360,228
2,860
377,850
of Births
in
145
1
46
996
101
1,289
>>
>>
1
of Deaths
in
137
80
6,298
79
6,594
"J
19
of Immigrants in
•
2
of Emigrants in
140,483
64,341
دو
of Inhabitants in 1904,
11,532
20
4,354
342,356
2,944
361,206
Increase,
17,872
16,644
or
Decrease,..
697
447
84
Uncertified Deaths.
Ďuring the year the bodies of 464 persons who had died without having been attended by a medical man were inspected by the Sanitary staff, and enquiries made fro:n the rela- tives as to the probable cause of death, the bodies being sent to the mortuary whenever there was any reason to suspect that the deaths were due to infectious disease.
!
266
Beri-beri,
The presumed causes of death in these cases were as follows:-
Phthisis, Old age. Bronchitis,
..106
131
Asthma, Premature birth,
65
Apoplexy,
24
Dysentery,
Heart Disease,
5
Diarrhoea,
Convulsions,
11
Epilepsy,
Bright's Disease,
3
Hæmorrhage,
Dropsy,
5
Pneumonia,
Paralysis,
1
Malaria,
Debility,
30
Marasmus,
Child-birth,
5
Laryngitis,
1
13
3
1
1
8
1
!
14
23
11
1
Rheumatism,
Age Distribution of Deaths.
The number of deaths of infants under one year of age was 1,541 or 23.3 per cent. of the total deaths.
The Infant Mortality amongst the Non-Chinese community during the year was 119 per 1,000 as compared with 76 per 1,000 in 1904.
Among the Chinese population the deaths of infants numbered 1,507, while only 988 Chinese births were registered. Taking the corrected birth figure to be 1,728 this gives an infant mortality of 872 per thousand.
DISEASES.
Respiratory Diseases.
The total number of deaths from these diseases for the year was 1,655 of which 70- were from the Non-Chinese community leaving 1,585 among the Chinese population.
Phthisis alone accounts for 725 deaths of which, 691 were Chinese. Pneumonia caused 501 deaths of which 478 were Chiuese, and Bronchitis caused 346 deaths, 336 of which were Chinese.
The death-rate among the Chinese from Respiratory diseases was 44 per 1,000 and that for Phthisis alone was 1.9 per 1,000.
The deaths from Phthisis amongst the Chinese were 10.9 per cent. of the total deaths amongst the community.
Nervous Diseases.
The number of deaths under this heading for the year 1905 is 716, of which 612 were of Chinese children under 5 years of age. Among these 612 deaths of children, 221 were from meningitis, 44 from convulsions and no less than 343 were ascribed to tetanus, Again, of these deaths of Chinese children 460 were of infants under twelve months of age. 355 of which died from tetanus and infantile convulsions.
Malarial Fever.
The total number of deaths from malarial fever during the year was 287, of which 4 were Non-Chinese, 3 being from the civil population and I from the Troops.
In the City the districts in which there has been most 'malaria are Health Districts 1 and 9 with 23 and 14 deaths respectively. The number for the whole City being 98.
In the whole of Kowloon there were 94 deaths.
In Shaukiwan and Aberdeen there were respectively 49 and 29 deaths from malaria.
The following Table shews the number of deaths from malaria for the last six years:-
1900,. 1901.
1902
1903.
7
1904, 1905.
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
526
29.
541
33
393
32
283
18
289
12
283
4
267
-
Beri-Beri.
There were 678 deaths from this disease during the year, of which 2 only were among the Non-Chinese community.
Infectious Diseases.
The total number of cases of infectious disease notified during the year was 308, of which 304 were of Plague. The following Table shows the nature and distribution of these diseases :---
CITY OF VICTORIA HEALTH Districts,
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Peak.
Kowloon.
Harbour.
New
Territory.
Villages
of
Hongkong.
No
address.
Imported.
Plague,
Typhoid,
4 25
2
18 17 11 20
27
38 18
4 12 9 5
3
1
3
2
2
10
3
:
:
:
:
Cholera,.
Small-pox,
Diphtheria,
10
5
00
8
:
3 2
3
1
:
:
:
1 75 13 23
5
1
10
12
:
4
2
19
12
1
1
1
:
:
10
2
1
6
21
1
24
:
Scarlet Fever,... 1
Puerperal Fever,
Relapsing Fever,
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
2
:
:
:
:
:
:
1
:
N
:
:
:
6
2
1
:
:
:
:
:
Table II shews the number of cases of notifiable diseases recorded in each mouth of the year.
Typhoid Fever.
The number of cases of this disease during the year was 90 as compared with 129 in 1904.
The European cases numbered 42, of which 16 were imported. The Chinese cases numbered 37 while 11 cases occurred amongst the other races in the Colony.
Typhoid fever being so insidious in its onset and being undoubtedly due to the ingestion. of infective common articles of diet it is extremely difficult when cases occur in different locali- ties and at different times to fix upon any one factor as the exciting cause of the disease.
It cannot however be too strongly impressed upon the public in this Colony that to indulge in uncooked vegetables, e g., salads, is to run a risk of typhoid infection.
By far the greater amount of vegetable food is imported into Hongkong from China. The Chinese as is well known use human excreta as manure.
The danger of this practice is not found in this mere fact itself for provided that all such matter is thoroughly ripenel" in a manure pit before being applied to the soil the probability of contamination of the plants is remote. But there is danger in the practice of watering vegetables with diluted fresh excretal matters.
It is not generally known to the public that the urine of a typhoid patient may contain the typhoid bacillus for weeks and even months after convalescence.
Over such food grown out of the Colony there is no control at all.
Within this Colony the bye-laws require all excretal matters to be removed to the conservancy boats and hence the using of it in gardens is illegal.
Practically the only manure obtainable by gardeners in Hongkong is of human origin and the very existence of market gardens in this Colony must certainly be taken as pre- sumptive evidence that human manure is used.
In spite of the fact that people if caught removing excreta to any place but the con- servancy boats are liable to punishment, no one should assume that vegetables grown in this Colony by market gardeners are, or can be grown with profit, without the use of human
manure.
268
The moral is obvious :-To eat no uncooked vegetables unless grown in a garden where to one's own knowledge such manure is not used.
Cholera.
Two of these cases were of
Five cases of cholera were recorded during the year. European race, one being imported from Canton, while three cases were Chinese, all coal carrying coolies employed in coaling ships in the harbour.
Small-Pox.
During the year 75 cases of small-pox were certified, of which, 22 were Europeans with 13 imported cases, 46 were Chinese with 9 imported, and 7 were of other races with 1 imported case.
The number of vaccinations for the year was 5,722.
Diphtheria.
Twelve cases of diphtheria were notified throughout the year. Nine of these were European cases, seven of which were in children.
Two cases were Chinese and one
Portuguese.
One of the Chinese cases died.
Puerperal Fever.
Seventeen cases of this disease were certified throughout the year. European case, one a Eurasian and the remainder Chinese.
.
One was a
During the year the Government inaugurated a scheme for supplying trained Chinese midwives to attend the poor in their own houses, and two of such women were engaged in August and were placed under the control of Dr. ALICE SIBREE who has charge of the Alice Memorial Maternity Hospital. Up to the end of the year they had attended 22 confine- ments; three of these cases were abnormal and Dr. SIBREE was called in, one being a breech presentation while the other two were forceps cases. It has been arranged for the midwives to exercise a general supervision over the infants during the first twelve months of life with a view to obtaining further information as to the causes of the high infaut death-rate in this Colony.
Relapsing Fever.
Four cases of Relapsing Fever were certified, all among Chinese.
Three cases were imported from Tientsin while the fourth case occurred in the person of a Chinese employed at the Infectious Diseases Hospital at Kennedy Towu.
Scarlet Fever.
One case occurred a European child.
Plague.
Fortunately this year the epidemic is the smallest recorded since 1894 with the exception of the years 1895 and 1897 when the small number of cases-44 and 21 respectively-almost preclude the use of the term epidemic for these two years.
The number of cases and deaths during the year according to nationality and locality is shown in Table III.
INTERMENTS.
The following number of interments in the various cemeteries of the Colony have been recorded during the year:-
Non-Chinese Cemeteries.-Colonial Cemetery
Roman Catholic Cemetery, Mahommedan Cemetery, Jewish Cemetery,
145
1,243
2
5
1,395
269
Chinese Cemeteries.-Mount Caroline Cemetery,
Monnt Davis
Tung Wa Hospital
}
308
332
2.222
"9"
Infectious Diseases
342
""
Protestant
42
Shaukiwan
362
""
Aberdeen
153
17
Stanley
36
"
Shek O
8
""
Ma Tau Wai
817
;"
Shai Yu Shek
147
??
Sham Shui Po Christian
161
,,
"
(Kowloon City)
4
4,934
There were three cremations of bodies during the year.
DISINFECTING STATIONS.
During the year the two Disinfecting Stations dealt with 36,616 articles of clothing bedding, etc.
These articles were received for disinfection according to the following Table: -
Victoria Station.
1
Articles from Private Houses,
11.
,,
""
""
""
"
Kennedy Town Hospital,
Tung Wah Hospital,
Government Civil hospital, Police Stations and Gaol,
Government Clothing lent to Contacts,
Clothing and Bedding of Staff,
23,637
1,630
1,744
1,026
218
841
.....
3,000
32,096
Kowloon Station.
Articles from Private Houses,
3,910
Police Stations,
"
Government Clothing lent to Contacts,
27
583
4,520
PROSECUTIONS.
A list of prosecutions undertaken during the year for breaches of the Sanitary Laws and Regulations of the Colony is given in Table IV.
The special report of the Medical Officer of Health on the Plague Epidemic of 1905 and the reports of the Medical Officers in charge of Hospitals and Sub-Departments are printed as Annexes A to K of this report.
FRANCIS CLARK, M.D., D.P.H., Acting Principal Civil Medical Officer. WILFRID W. PEARSE, M.D., D.P.H., Acting Medical Officer of Health.
March, 31st 1906.
270
**
TABLE I-RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED
CHINESE COMMUNITY.
CAUSES.
I.-General Diseases.
A.-Specific Febrile Diseases.
a Zymotic.
BRITISH
AND
FOREIGN COMMUNITY.
VICTORIA.
HEALTH DISTRICT.
Civil.
Army.
Navy.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
No. 8.
No. 9.
No. 10.
Unknown.
Peak.
Harbour.
Small-pox,
6
2
4
Measles, .
Whooping Cough,
Diphtheria,
Fever Typhoid,
15
3
1
6
~ : ~ :+
2
2
1
1
1 1
3
...
4
4
1
3
2
5
19
Simple Continued,
1
:
Cholera,
2
2
1
Choleraic Diarrhoea,
I
1
1
1
Diarrhoea,
3
16
25
31
13
8
18
11
15
28
4
16
14
Dysentery,
9
6
11 1
4
5
1
1
6
1
5
Plague,...
3
7
25
1
15
17 12 13 21
Fever, Relapsing,
...
22:3
35
35
7
1
Total,...... 39 5 4 32
74 41
38 32
31
30
39 ΤΟ
47
47
30
31
ẞ Malarial.
Malarial Fever,
AD
3
1
23
12 2
8
Co
Co
Total,...... 3 1.
33333
23
12
2
8
00
6
y Septic.
Erysipelas,
Septicæmia,
Puerperal Fever,
1
2
1
1
4
1
8 Venereal.
Syphilis (Acquired),
29
(Congenital),
Total,......
2
1
1
Total,......
1. 1
Total Group A.,
45 7
B.-Diseases dependent on Specific
External Agents.
a Parasites.
Worms,
Total,....
B Poisons.
Opium Poisoning,
:
:
:
2
3 2 3
3:
Ni
1
77
58 166 47
10
:
:
1
:
:
10
GL
3
4
14
cc
ลง
2
3
4 14
8
:
1
3
5
1
10
10
5
1
10
...
3
2
A
4
10
:
2
4
1
1
:
2 1
15
51 44
33
2
1 1
...
:
34 48 89 56 38 1 45
:
:
:
::
:
:
:
:
:
:
1
:
:
1
1
1 I
:.
Poisoning by Alkaloid,
Total.......
1 1
10:
: 8:
5 58 166
18:
Carried forward, Group A.,...... 45 7
29
Group B........
1
169
1
སྐ་
47
1
:
1
1
1
51 44 33 34 48 89
2
*=
1 1
...
56 38
1
45
271
DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DEĆEMBER, 1905,
CHINESE COMMUNITY.
TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.
Non-Chinese.
Under 1
Chinese.
mouth.
Non-Chinese.
1 month and
Kow- SHÁUKI- ABER-
LOON Dis-
WÁN
DEEN
STANLEY DIS-
DIS-
TRICT.
TRICT.
DIS-
TRICT.
TRICT.
Land
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
| Population.
Beat
Population.
10
•
:IH
α:
4
N
140
13 50 30
4
45 years and
GRAND
TOTAL.
| Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
under 60
years.
60 years
and over.
Non-Chinese.
Age
Cuknown.
Chinese.
under 15
Chinese.
years.
Non-Chinese.
15 years and under 25
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
years.
25 years and under 45
years.
心
00
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
under 12
iontlis.
1 year and
gropun
years.
Non-Chinese. 5 years and
:
: 00
5
11
94 8 30 19 15 14
94 8 30 19 15 14
6
2
8
تن
3
:
pl
5
13
3
245
21 81
49
نت
I
-
Non-Chinese.
10 -
CO
จ
13.
21..
34
26
1
61
74
32
58... 68 1110
...
[...
. . .
I
121
CO
i
48
315
1
6
86
10
287
2
...
:
O
37
786
2 55 5122) 1110 12 105 24 213 284
24
25 1
30 62 2 112 ...
16...
1
13...
24
ON
:
10
62 2112...
30
16
:
:
:
:
:
...
20
14 10
245
21
...
I
:.
:
J
:
:
6 1 14
2
31
6
9
心
21...
༡
3 1 61...
287
1
287
::
:
...
:
78...
3 1 78
14
*
31
...
1
...
4 147 147 1 139 15 179 28 352|||| 2 117. 254
-
6:
•
T
:
...
:
...
་ ་ ་
2 1
:
:
2
...
1 1 2 1
-
་་་
***
1 139 15 179 28 352 2 117
1 1 2 1
...
1
14
4 147 5 147
...
...
...
:
22
00
:
...
...
2 54
...
...
:
...
01
pand
272
M
RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED
CHINESE COMMUNITY.
CAUSES.
BRITISH
AND
FOREIGN COMMUNITY.
Civil.
Army.
وو
Brought forward, Group A........ 45 Group B..... 1
I. General Diseases,—Continued.
y Effects of Injuries.
Asphyxia,...
Shock, (Buru),............ Rupture of Liver,
19
of Spleen,
of Intestines, of Lung,
Fracture of Leg,
of Pelvis,
""
of Skull,
of Ribs,...
""
Contusion of Skull,
of Brain,
""
Concussion of Brain,
Burns,
Hæmorrhage,
Heat Apoplexy,
Suicide by Poison, (Datura Alba),
Shot Wound,
Stab Wound,
Hæmorrhage, (Leccration of Lung),
Multiple Injuries,
Drowning,
Suffocation, (in a burning honse),
Starvation,
Hanging, (Execution),
""
(Suicide),
Throat Cutting,
Wound of Liver,
Scalds,
Dislocation of Neck,
Shock,
Suffocation,
co:
1
3
:༠::/
VICTORIA.
HEALTH DISTRICT.
Navy.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
Nc. 6.
No. 7.
No. 8.
No. 9.
No.
10.
Unknown.
Peak.
Harbour.
33
34
48
89.56
2
1
Ι
5 58 166 47 51 44
Ι
:
38 1 45
:
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
6
1
3
3
2
Total,........
22
2
& Errors of Diet.
Alcoholism (Chronie),.
(Acute),
Scurvy,.....
:
2
...
1 2
3
2
2
1
1
3 10 19 9 12
4
Total,....
4
Total Group B.,....
25 7 3
شات
C.-Developmental Diseases.
Immaturity at Birth,
Debility,
Old Age,
Marasmus and Atrophy,
Tabes Mesenterica,
Spina Bifida,
Inanition,
Total Group C, 28 1
Carried forward, Groups A. to C.,
98 15
:
10
:
::
6 13 12
4
H
:
]
:
1
1
2
15
10
19 10 12
6 6 15 13 4 7 2
1
10 09
12
17
6 230 187
1
8 1
NIN KO IO —
mco co
2
:::
:
:
15
25.
10 10
9
2
6
:
18 250 202 9 17 10 1-4 20 18
12
2
36
.00
8
86 435 259 72 67 49 63
81 111 75
ev
42
1 96
153
421
ໄດ້
N
20
6
18
14
4
: :::;
།་ེ
H
:
42
22
હ
13
41
56
ཚ་
23
•
:
-Į
2
1
1
21 41
نت
J
...
3
•
•
H
133.
...
...
co.
:
2
4 X
N
• HA
...
:
:
-
:
I
88
2368
1
...
1 ...
10
...
3
...
My
2
...
:
...
:
•
1
|
KOW SHAUKI- ABER-
STANLEY
LOON DIS-
WAN
DEEN
DIS-
Dis-
DIS-
TRICT.
TRICT.
TRICT.
TRICT.
273
wwwww
DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1905,—Continued.
CHINESE COMMUNITY.
TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.
245
: 23
36
666
:
14
-
Land
Population.
Bout
Population.
Land
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
Population.
Non-Chinese.
Boat
Population.
2
10
-
に
...
響
...
:
1
:
:
CC
8
1
...
2
19
سمم
4
.
:
:
::
20 2 2
་
::
心
·
Under 1
month.
1 month and under 12
months.
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
1 year and
under 5
years.
Non-Chinese. | 5 years and
under 15
years.
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
15 years and under 25
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
years.
25 years and
Non-Chinese. 45 years and
under 45
years.
under 60
Chinese.
years.
Non-Chinese.
60 years
Chinese.
and over.
Non-Chinese. Į
Chinese.
Age
Unknown.
14
4147 5147
1139 15179 28352
.1 1
2
2117
N
::
7 23 13 70} 5 18 1
...
1...
1
9 25 19 72
5 18
2 25
9336
:
~]
~
:
1
3 13123 8373
:
...
72
...
2
2
8...
IN
co t
13 11363
I
3
دن
987
6 18144 7521 5228 1 159 26 206 47432 7148
7148 14424 1 13 2,396
...
مین
31
55
345
536
5
1
14
201
-I
8
Co
124
:
السبط
3 19
187
:
N
15
31
10
10
3
7
2
1
1
2
10
1
par g
4
11
2 54
3
:
1,208 7
41
1
12
GRAND
TOTAL.
274
RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED
CHINESE COMMUNITY.
CAUSES..
BRITISH
AND
FOREIGN COMMUNITY.
Civil.
Brought forward, (Groups A to C),.... 98
General Diseases,-Continued.
D.—Miscellaneous Diseases.
Articular Rhenmatism,
Cellulitis of Neck,
Malignant New Growths:-
Cancer,.
Sarcoma,
00
:
Army.
Navy.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
VICTORIA.
HEALTH DISTRICT.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
No. 8.
No. 9.
No. 10.
Unknown.
Peak.
Harbour.
15 8 86 435 259 72 67 49 63 81 111 75 42 1 96
::
::
::
::
N
General Tuberculosis,
Rickets,
Anæmia,
Leprosy,
Beri-beri,
12
Ι
4 130 47
5
6
1
8
3
2
45
80
9
25
35 36
29
Gangrene of Scrotum,.
Caries of Spine,
Total Group D........ 31
4
49 210 59
31
43
II.-Local Diseases.
E-The Nervous System.
1
1
:
50
3
6
1
60
60
24 50
1
3
43 33 56 71 25 51 1
Meningitis,
Melancholia,
5
1
191 34
1
re
Encephalomalacia,
Apoplexy,
1 4
Paralysis (Undefined)
1
Hemiplegia,
"
Paraplegia,
Peripheral Neuritis,.
I
Dementia,
Encephalitis,
Infantile Convulsions,...
5
Tetanns,
1
10 3 288
21
Trismus,
Hydrocephalus,
Epilepsy,
Mania,
1
1
1
Multiple Neuritis,
Total Group E................. 25
I
2 494
91 13 13 2
F-The Circulatory System.
Heart Disease,
12
1
16
10 15
Aneurysm,
:
Pericarditis,
1
1
3
Endocarditis,
Atheroma,
1
2
: :
87
*
5
1
10
10
::
10
2
1
2 1 17
3
1
Total Group F.,...
15
1 2. 6 17 10 11 15
10
5
6
5763
1
21
Carried forward, (Groups A to F),
169
20 11 143 1,156 419 127 138
1143
99 110 147 199 108 98
3 208
::
•
31
20
•
412
: : 10
:
38
2
...
708 103 180 120
11
I
J
·
+
•
•
จ
♡ --
•
::
*
103
8
1
229 44 42
1320
•
co
3338 2122 5152
...
...
N
N
...
...
16
...
2
*
ad
6
N
:
TRICT.
TRICT.
TRICT.
Kow-
SHAUKI- ABER-
STANLEY
NOOT
WÁN
DIS-
DIS-
DIS-
DEEN DIS-
TRICT.
273 -
DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1995,--Continued.
CHINESE COMMUNITY.
TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.
421'
52 129 109
42
121
ཚ
56
23
Land
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
Population.
Boat
:
:
6
Population.
Non-Chinese.
Under 1
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
month.
1 month and
under 12
months.
under 5
years.
1 year and
5 years and under 15
years.
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
15 years and under 25
Jears.
Non-Chinese.
25 years and
Chinese.
under 45
years.
Non-Chinese.
45 years and
Chinese.
under 60
years.
Non-Chinesc.
Chinese.
and over. 60 years
Non-Chinese.
Age
13.144 7521 5228 1159 26206 47432 7148 14:424 113 2,396
:
ප
13
35
4 20 5 79
...
6
2
CI
N
19
1153
1385 108
!
3
31... 411 1135
1 42 11176] 14'479)
3153
5 54
1 93 2126
15
c
:
:
119111
9 19
2 143 14...
...
9 521 2 34
38...
1
نت
دن
712 63 2 39 1. 40 1 1
178
6 17 486 9687 11 518
3223 39 400
82993 14354
14354 28 532
216
4,409
H
N
716
Co
...
1
51
340
T
244
2
3
136
10
1.119
N
:
25
3
384
1.
16
678
- 30
1
--
Chinese.
Unknown.
GRAND
TOTAL.
276
RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED
CHINESE COMMUNITY.
CAUSES.
BRITISH
AND
FOREIGN
COMMUNITY.
Civil.
Army.
Navy.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
VICTORIA.
HEALTH DISTRICT.
No. 6.
No. 7.
No. 8.
No. 9.
No. 10.
Unknown.
Peak.
Harbour.
Brought forward, (Groups A to F), ........ 169
20 11 143 1,166 419 127 138
99 110 147 199 108
98 3 208
Local Diseases.-Continued.
G.—The Respiratory System.
Bronchitis,
Pneumonia,
13
: ་་
Phthisis,
32
Pleurisy,
Emphysema,
Empyema,
Atelectasis,
Gallapse of Lung,
Abscess of Lung,.
1
1
20
2
1
Gangrene of Lung,
Laryngitis,
Asthma,
Hydrothorax,
1:ཀྱམ::སྤྲེལ :::-:
10
54 25 14 12
8
13
14
31 10 6
16
1
24
34 62 24 17
24
31
27 43 18 12
24
35
46
46 36
23
35
38 63 13 23
2
88
1
28
1
:::
N
1
1
...
Total Group G‚..............
56 13
71 137 118
89
68
333
59
81
83 146
43 42
131
II.--The Digestive System.
Intussusception, (Operation),........
Distomiasis,
Gangrenous Stomatitis,
Enteritis,
Appendicitis,
Rupture of Stomach,
Hepatic Abscess,..
Acute Yellow Atrophy of Liver,
Cirrhosis of Liver,
Intestinal Obstruction,
Peritonitis,
Gangrene of Mouth,
Atresia ani, (Operation),
Ulcerative Stomatitis,
Thrombosis of Portal Vein,
Sprue,
Jaundice, Tonsillitis,
Hernia,
Total Group H.,...... 12
3
::ས::ཨ::ཨ::::::ས
2
2
1 1
- - -:
:
3.
2
1
1
:
4
1
1
2 1
1
2
1
1
: co
:
1
1
1
2
1
1
3
2
3
1
2
2
1
2
1
1 2
...
1
::
Co
3
1
10 9 7 6 1
-1
10 2
:
:
a
J.--The Urinary System.
6
2
Nephritis,.
Nephritis, (Tubercular),.
Peri-Nephritic Abscess,
Bright's Disease,
Calenlus,
Vesical Calculus,..
Extravasation of Urine,
Pyonephrosis,
Total Group J., ................
7
L.-The Generative System.
Gangrene of Penis,
1
:
3 1 3
2
2 4 2 3
:
::
1
3 2
: co
3 3
: co
:::
CO
3
3
2
1
3
3 4
1
1
...
2 1
...
3 1
4
Ovarian Tumour,,
Total Group L........ }
::
...
...
1
1
:
::
...
::
::
::
Carried forward, (Groups A to Z), 245 36 15 217 1,307 549 226 215 162 195 240 359 |156 141- 3 352
14
...
::
لم
نا
4
2
11
1
17
21
:
...
:
983 174 284 171 76 101
39 8
OC
N
ט
•
J
18 8
:
:
8
00
-
11
1
4
I
244 65
84
43
:
:
:
:
:
...
:
J
1
部
:
:
:
•
...
...
་་
...
•
...
30
:
N
9
:
:
C
心
:
...
...
2
Kow- SHAUKI ABER-
STANLEY!
LOON DIS-
TRICT.
WÁN DIS-
DEEN
DIS-
DIS-
TRICT.
TRICT.
TRICT.
277
DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1905,—Continued.
CHINESE COMMUNITY.
TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PEriods.
Land
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
Population.
Boat
708 103 180 120
53
58
26
X3
I
عمر
:
13
تا
5
9
4 10
:
2
6
***
:
...
...
...
เง
2
6
month.
Non-Chinese. Population.
Under 1
Non-Chinesc.
1 month and
under 12
Chinese.
months.
Chinese.
17486
12
1 66 4122
السر
ون
LO
ရာ
Non-Chinese. 1 year and
Chinese.
Non-Chinese:
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
under 5
years.
under 15
years.
5 years and
15 yearsand
under 25
years.
Non-Chinese, 25 years and
under 45
Chinese.
years.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
45 years and under 60
years.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
and over. 60 years
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
Age
Unknown.
9687 11518]
3223 39400 $2993 14354 23532 216 4,409
2
15.... 135
1
7 160 55
4 32
OC CO
8 9 83 15369
...
2
...
...
...
...
ON
2
2 50 5192 5216 2 61 13 128 25 495 8260 9176
..
...
...
1 18
...
...
:
10
...
741
41 21
1 26
7 2 10...
20544 14889 16739
6294 555481151.556 30642 37723 3 23
10
•
::
:
CITY
اسم يتم
N
2
17
Co
3
5
:
N
:
126
Sand
· 33
12
...
4
1
...
·
·
22
1
T
te
255 301
3105
1
I
5170 3 57
I
N
¿
5
-
2
16
1
1,655
16
3
3
10
1
15
ཨེ॰
I
346
501 725
GRAND
TOTAL.
278
RETURN SHEWING THE NUMBER AND CAUSES OF DEATHS REGISTERED
CHINESE COMMUNITY.
CAUSES.
BRITISH
AND
FOREIGN COMMUNITY.
Civil.
Army.
5 | Navy.
No. 1.
No. 2.
VICTORIA.
HEALTH DISTRICT.
No. 9.
No. 10.
Unknown.
Peak.
Harbour.
36 15 217 1,307 549 226 215 162 195 240 359 156 141 3 352
Brought forward, (Groups A to Z), ...245
Local Diseases,-Continued.
M.--Affections connected with Pregnancy,
Ruptured Tubal Pregnancy,
:
Abortion, ....
Hysterio-emesis,
Internal Haemorrhage,......
Placenta Prævia,
Total Group M.,...... 1
1
N-Affections connected with
Post Partum Hæmorrhage,
Parturition.
Child Birth,
1
1
Total Group N...... 2
0.—Diseases of Organs of Locomotion.
Gangrene of Arm,
Suppurative Synovitis,
Spondylitis,
Gangrene of Leg,
Total Group 0..................
III.-Undefined.
Dropsy,
Abscess,
Undiagnosed,
Tumour,
3
Total Group III.,...
CO
3
TOTAL, ALL CAUSES, 251
36
SUMMARY.
I. General Diseases.
:
:
21
00
I
:
1
2
:
:
:
:
1
:
-
:
2
2
:::
30
11 3
co:
3 6
4
心
1
心
2
10
1
:
: : *
:
:
12
:
:
:
:
2
10:
2
6 4
35
iai i
:
30
11
co
2
Co
3
6 1 4 12 6 4
35
3 389
15 249 1,321 553 228 220 169 200 250 374 162 145
A.--Specific Febrile Diseases,.
B.--Diseases dependent on Specific
External Agents,
C.-Developmental Diseases,
D.-Miscellaneous Diseases,....
II.-Local Diseases.
E-The Nervous System, F.-The Circulatory System, G.-The Respiratory System,
4, 45
.B, 25
.C,
28
...D, 31
- Į
10.
5
58 166 47 51 41 33 34 48
3.
56 38 1
45
3
好
10 19 10 12 6 6 15 13 4 7 2 18 250 202 9 17 10 14 20 18 49 210 59 31 43
12
43 33 56 71 25 51 I 8*7
1-21
15
2
36
E, 25
2 494 91 13 13
15
G
56
6 17 10 71 137 118
11 15
89 68 59
249
5 10
4
5
H.-The Digestive System,..
.H, 12 3
3
10- 9
6
83 146 10
43 42
3 1 21 131
:
J.-The Urinary System, L.-The Generative Systém, M.-Affectious connected with Preg-
....
2
4
30
+ 3
9 4
...L,
:
nancy,
M, 1.
1
:
N-Affections connected with Par-
turition,
O.-Diseases of Organs of Locomotion,
N, 0,
*2
:
::
: co
:
:
::
:
10
III.-Undefined & Undiagnosed,-
2
Co
:
TOTAL, ALL CAUSES,................ 251
3
1
30 11 3
3
12 6
36 15249 1,321 553 228 220 169 200 250 374 162 145 3 389
22
:
:
:
:
:
:
A
2
4
་
35
GRAND
TOTAL
3 23
6,254
279
DURING THE YEAR ENDED THE 31ST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1905,- -Continued.
CHINESE COMMUNITY.
Kow- SHÁUKI- ABER-
LOON Dis-
TRICT.
WÁN Dis-
DEEN
STANLEY Dis-
Dis-
TRICT.
TRICT.
TRICT.
Under 1
month.
under 12
months.
TOTAL AT THE DIFFERENT AGE PERIODS.
under 5
years.
under 45
years.
Land
Population,
Boat
Population.
Laud
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
Population.
Boat
Population.
Land
Population.
Boat
Non-Chinese. Population.
Chinese.
Non-Chinese. I month and
Chinese.
Non-Chinese. 1 year and
Chinese.
Non-Chinese. 5 years and
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
Chinese.
under 15
years.
15 years and under 25
years.
Non-Chinese. 25 years and
Chinese.
Non-Chinese. 45 years and
under 60
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
years.
and over. 60 years
Agc.
Unknown.
1
1
983 174 284 171
76 101
39
8 20 545 14887 16739 6294 555481151,56 30642 37723
1
:
:
::
1
:
:
心
:
12
2 12
:
: *
3
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
1 6
2
I
1
9.
11
23
:
:
:
:
:
N
:
1 15
123
2
:
:
34
1
1
1
4
8
1
2
6
:~:
25
49
91
22
1 48
10
15
278
1
:
4
2
25... 49 921
23
1 52 1 12
13
15
293
80 105 41
8
20 569 14938 16832 6317 57 566118 1,638 31658 37736 3 38
3381
6,594
:
ཨ ༠ ༢
103
1
2
31 15
:
4 1
245 21
23
7
13 1
59 22
153 24 35 229 44 42
5268
81
49 20 14
10
1
14 4.147.
5147 1 129 15 179] 28 |352}]
A
2 54
C
1,208
ລາ
1-
1
9
19
9|25|19|72
518
市
:༡༠
13
3
6
3
:
13 123 3 373
3
41
72 1135
1 2 2]... 8 14211176) 14479)
1 7 1311 363 3|153] 5 54
201
3
987
1,119
113 33
17
1,101 208 303 |183
❤
212
::
:
13
::
10
20 38
11
5
1
1
1
3
3
22465
17
14
BANR
84 43 23
43. 13
2
2 50
3 338 2122 5 152
119 111 919 3 1 712 63 5192 5 216 26113 128 25 495
2
8
9
4 1
4
1
1
...
...
1
214
314 239 140.
1
716
178
8 200 9.176 1
1,655
10 10
5
315
7.41
4 21 35
126
5
5
1 26
210
62
2
1
4
:
:
:
:
::
:
: 30
::
2:
2
12
:
:
:
17
282383
:
1
7
123.
:
23
9
152 112
•
*
34
4
293
41 8 20569 1493816 832 6317 57 566 118 1,633 31 658 37 736 3 38 6,594
!
•
113
4
1
2
1,101 280 303 183 80 105
:
25
:
49)
92
:
January. February. March.
April.
May.
June.
July.
Table II.-Number of cases of notifiable Disease recorded in each month of the year.
August. September. Ootober. November. December. Total.
Grand
Total.
European,
Plague,
Chinese,
12
Others,
European,
8
Typhoid,
Chinese,
Others,
::I©22]
9
3
3:
77
European,
Nil.
17
2
+
3
300
304
1.
4
4
1
6
5
2
42
1
I
6
}
5
1
3
90
2
1
:
:༠༠
2
3
Cholera,
Chinese,
Nil.
Others,
22
European,
7
Small-pox,
Chinese,
10
13
4
2
1
4
46
75 1
Others,
I
1
2
1
:
I
280
European,
2
1
1
12
Diphtheria,
Chinese,
1
Others,
1
European,
1
Nil.
1
Scarlet Fever,
Chinese,
Nil.
Others,
1
Puerperal Fever,
European,
Chinese,
Others,
4
3
3
3
15
17
1
1
Nil.
Relapsing Fever,
European,
Chinese,
Others,
3
I
4
Nil.
:
M
47
39
17
35
92
2
102
83
35
35
12
17
11
18
Total,..
508
Table III.-Plague Return for the year.
LOCALITY.
CITY OF VICTORIA HEALTH DISTRICTS.
NATION-
ALITY.
2
3
4
6
Νο
Aber- fixed
TOTALS.
ki- Stanley deen. abode.
Cases. Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
Cases. Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
KOWLOON.
Shan-
HAR-
Quarry
BOUR.
Tsim-
Yau-
Mong-
Tai-kok- Hnog-
Other
Bay.
wall.
9
10
kok-
tsa-tsui. mati.
tsui.
hom.
tsui.
Villages.
Cases.
Deaths.
Deaths.
Cases.
:
Deaths.
:
Cases.
:
Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
:
Cases.
Deaths.
:
:
:
4 4 25 24 1 120 17 19 18 1110 1917 27 25 39 37 1715|13|13| 10 10 44 44 11
Cases.
Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
Cases.
Deaths.
Cases.
Europeans,
Chinese,
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
Indians,
Asiatic
Portuguese,
Malays,
Japanese..........
Others,...
Total,
42524
10
2
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
Cases.
Deaths.
Deaths.
Cases.
:
:
:
نام
:
09
:
:
:.
:
:
23 22
:
:
19
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
2300281
281
:
N
1 1
:
11
2 | 2017 | 19 | 18 | 12 | 11 |2018 27|25|39|37 | 18 | 15|13|
13|101044 44 11
3
3 7 7|23|22| 1
2
2 2 304 287
99
'61
78
122
116 88
I
126 130
22
14
112 111
12
:
1441
European.
Chinese.
Other Asiatics.
Total.
Total cases from January 1st, 1905, to December 31st, 1905, Total deaths
>>
>>
300
4
304
284
3
287
""
>>
Plague in-
feeted rats,
82
112
42
2
(
:
Offence.
Breaches of Bye-laws :-
Bake-houses,
Dairies,....
Latrines,
Laundries,
Matsheds,
282
Table IV.-List of Prosecutions during the year.
Choked waste-pipes,
Conservancy Boats alongside Praya during pro-
hibited hours,
Defective waste-pipes,
Depositing nightsoil,
Dirty Premises,
Dumping rubbish in barbour,
Failing to cement rendered kitchen walls,
cleanse and limewash,..
Sumi-
Con-
Penalties.
monses.victions.
Remarks.
50
49
1,095 30
1 absconded.
14
-** * C*~I~
20
554
170
2 absconded, 2 dismissed.
1 ordered to do work.
15
2 dismissed.
60
31
I cautioned, I withdrawn.
7
203
I dismissed.
14
185
9
55
1 cautioned.
295
270
1,282
I dismissed, 22 ordered to remove, and 2
withdrawn.
10
25
10
cleanse open spaces,
::
remove ceilings,
remove building nuisances,
*:
repair concrete.
13
re-lay kitchen floor surfaces,
3 dismissed, I withdrawn.
2 ordered to do work.
provide fire-places,
**
hoods and flues, yards,
"
notify Infectious Diseases,
Illegal cubicles,
occupation of premises, partitions,
40
160
39
160
10
278
252
2.951
19
14
130
Insufficient window areas,
55
33
305
[ 6 absconded. 4 dismissed, 6 cautioned,
ordered to remove, 3 withdrawn.
1 dismissed, 4 cautioned.
1 dismissed.
10 Magistrate's orders to cease using for human habitation, 3 ordered to do work, and 9 withdrawn.
Keeping swine without licences,
11
75
Nuisances in public streets,
5
31
Obstructing lanes at rear,
75
opium divan,
1
15
verandalis,..
10
75
2 dismissed, 2 withdrawn.
.་
windows,
18
18
86
yards....
55
1 withdrawn.
Overcrowding boarding houses,
14
"}
common lodging houses,
2
opium divans,
tenement houses,
Unregistered Common Lodging houses,...
33
320
5 absconded.
25
24
940
1 absconded.
506
414
1,871.50
77 absconded, 7 dismissed, 8 withdrawn.
170
2 absconded.
Using basements for human habitations,
out permission,
preparation of foods with-
Selling adulterated milk,
fruit without licence,
pork without licence,
22
1 dismissed.
=
180
I ordered to remove, I withdrawn.
Smoke nuisances,
10 MM S
210
I dismissed.
10
31)
145
1 dismissed.
Total,
1.566
1,359 11,942.50
HONGKONG.
9 No. 1906
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE HONGKONG OBSERVATORY, FOR THE YEAR 1905.
襻
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of
His Excellency the Governor.
The comparison of weather-forecasts, issued daily about 11 a.m., with the weather subsequently experienced, has been conducted on the same system as heretofore (cf. Annual Report for 1896 § 5). The results are as follows:---
Success 56 per cent., partial success 33 per cent., failure 1 per cent., partial failure 10 per cent.
Following the method used in meteorological offices and taking the sum of total and partial success as a measure of success, and the sum of total and partial failure as a measure of failure, it follows that 89 per cent. of the weather forecasts were successful in 1905.
2. The China Coast Meteorological Register was printed every morning at the Obser- vatory, and information regarding storms was telegraphed to longkong and exhibited on notice-boards as often and as fully as such information could be justified by the weather telegrams received. This happened on 90 days in 1905. The Red Drum alone was hoisted twice, the Red South Cone and Red Drum twice, the Red South Cone alone once, the Black Drum alone 4 times, the Black North Cone and Black Drum 3 times, the Black South Cone and Black Drum twice, the Black South Cone alone 4 times, and the Black South Cone and Black Ball 3 times. The typhoon gun was fired once. Printed bulletins for general distribution were issued once.
3. The thanks of the Government are due to the Telegraph Companies, who continue to forward meteorological telegrams from outports to Hongkong free of charge and also to the staffs of the Eastern Extension and Australasian Telegraph Company at Sharp Peak, Iloilo, Bacolod and Cebu, who make and transinit observations twice daily.
4. Telegraphic connection with Victoria was interrupted as follows:-February 19th 5.30 p. to 20th 7 a. ; 21st 7 a. to 2.35 p. ; 21st 6.26 p. to 22nd 4.10 p.; March 31st 9.30 a. to 3.30 p.; April 1st 10.15 a. to 11.34 a. ; 3rd 10.10 a. to 3.15 p.; 9th 10.10 a. to 10th 10.40 a.; 10th 4.15 p. to 11th 7 a.; 11.25 a. to 2.30 p.; May 21st 4.10 p. to 22nd 10.7 a. ; 30th 8 a. to 12.5 p.; June 15th 3.50 p. to 6.5 p. ; July 21st 2.50 p. to 6.10 p. ; 26th 11.50 p. to 27th 6.50 a.; 27th 6.55 a. to 29th 1.8 p.; August 30th 1 p. to September 1st 2.20 p.; November 20th 4 p. 10 21st 10.26 a. Interruptions occurred therefore on 24 days, and of course, also during thunderstorms.
follows:- January
5. Te'egraphic connection with Gap Rock was reported interrupted as follows:- 24th. 1 a. to 25th 1.50 p. ; 27th 1 a. to 30th 11.41 a.; February 20th 4 p. to 21st 2.35 p.; March 31st 1 a. to 4.21 p. ; June 14th 6.30 p. to 15th 10.13 a., 15th 10.15 a. to 16th 12.23 p.; 16th 9.50 p to 17th 2.30 p.; 17th 10 p. to 18th 3 a.; 24th 1 p. to 27th 10.50 a.; July 26th 7 p. to August 10th 11.25 a.; 11th 10 p. to 12th 11.35 a.; 12th 10 p. to 13th 3 p. ; 23rd 7 p. to 24th 2.26 p.; August 30th 1 p. to December 14th 12.20 p. Inter- ruptions occurred therefore on 146 days, and of course, also during thunderstorms. As our warnings in connection with typhoons in the China Sea are based mainly on reports 1eceived from the Gap Rock lighthouse, it is of the utmost importance that the cable between Hongkong and Gap Rock should be always in working order.
6. During 1905 in addition to meteorological registers kept at about 40 stations on shore, 2,074 ship logs have been copied on board or forwarded by the captains. The total number of vessels, whose log-books have been made use of, was 259. The total number of days' observations (counting separately those made on board different ships on the same day) was 14,705.
.
88
7. The following is a list of ships, from which logs have been obtained in 1905. When not otherwise distinguished the vessels are steamships :--Abergeldie, Achilles, Ailsa Craig, Alavia, Alcinous, Aldgate, Algon, Amara, Ambria, America Maru. Amigo, Anamba, Andrée Rickmers, Arabia, Aragonia, Arcadia, Ardova, Arratoon Apcar, Athenian, Auchenarden, Australian, Banca, Bancoora. Baralong, Barotse, Basilan (American Coast Guard Cruiser), Bencleuch, Bengal, Benlarig, Benledi. Benmohr, Benvenue, Blackheath, Bogor, Borneo, Breconshire, Brisgavia, Broholm, Brunhilde, Cadmus (H.M.S.), Calédonien, Candia, Capri, Carl Diederichsen, Carl Menzell, Catherine Apcar, Ceylon, Changsha, Charterhouse, China, Chingtu, Chi Yuen, Chowtai, Choysang, Chunsang, Chusan, Clavering, Coptic, Coromandel, Cranley, Dardanus, Derwent, Devawongse, Dilwara (H.M.T.), Doric. Dumbéa, Dundas, Eastern, Elizabeth Rickmers, Emma Luyken, Empire, Empress of China, Empress of India. Empress of Japan, Equador (4 masted sailing ship), Exe (H.M.S.), Fausang, Fenay Lodge, Ferdinand Laeisz, Fooshing, Franklyn, Fri, Germania, Giang Lee. Glancus. Glenesk. Glenfarg, Glenlochy, Glenstrae, Gregory Apear, Hailan, Hailoong, Haimun, Hainam, Halvard, Hangsang, Hans Wagner, Hardinge (H.M.T.), Helwig Menzell, Heim, Hellas, Hinsang, Hohenzollern, Hohnstein, Holstein, Hongb e, Hongkong, Hopsang, Hyades, Ibadan, Indrani, Iran, Ischia, Isleworth, Ithaka, Iyo Maru, Jageid, Japan, J. B. Aug. Kessler, Kaiser Franz Joseph I. (H. A. M. S.), Kamor, Kansn, Kashing, Katanga, Kennebec, Kensington, Keongwai, hilbrennan, Kish. Kohsichang, Korea, Kumsang, Kwangtah, Kwongsang, Laertes, Laisang, Lawhill (4 masted bq.), Lennox, Leviathan (H.M.S.), Lisa, Longships, Loongmoon, Loongsang, Loosok, Lothian, Loyal, Lydia, Madeleine Rickmers, Malacca, Malta, Manchuria, Manica, Maria Valerie, Mausang. Mazagon, Mercedes (H.M.T.), Minnesota, Mongolia, M. Struve, Nansang, Netherton, Nicomedia, Nippon, Numantia, Oceano, Onsang. Paklat, Pakling, Palamcotta, Palawan, Palma, Pekin, Pentakota, Pera, Persia, Petchaburi, l'em Yen, Pinna, Pit-anulok, Pleiades. Poly- nésien, Ponape (G. Gov. Schooner), Preussen, Prinz Eitel Friedrich, Prinz Heinrich, Prinz Regent Luitpold, Prinz Sigismund, Prinz Waldemar, Proteus, Pundua, Purnea, Queen Louise, Radnorshire, Rajaburi, Royalist, Rubi, Ruth, Samsen, Sandhurst, Segovia, Senegambia, Serbia, Shabzada, Shantung, Shimosa, Siberia, Sierra Blanca, Sierra Lucena (sailing ship), Sikh, Silesi, Simla, Skuld. Socotra, Specia, Stentor, Stettin, Strathnevis, Sisang, Taifu, Taiyuan, Taming, Tartar, Tean, Teenkai, Telemachus, Tientsin, Tingsang, Tjilatjap, Tjimahi, Tjipanas, Tholma, Tolosan, Tonkin, Trieste, Trimo, Triumph, Tsinan, Tsintau, Tydeus, Ula, Umballa. Vandalia. Venus, Verona, Volute, Waihora, Wallace, Willehad, Wongkoi, Wosang, Yatshing, Yiksang, Yuensang, Zafiro, Zaida, Zitenghla, Zieten, Zithonia, Zoroaster.
S. The entry of observations made at sea in degree squares for the area between 9° South and 45° North Latitude, and between the Longitude of Singapore and 180° East of Greenwich, has been continued by Miss DOBERCK and 295,538 in all have now been entered.
Square
Number.
Table I.
Meteorological Observations entered in 10° Squares from 1893-1905 inclusive.
Jan.
Feb.
March. April. | May. June.
July. August. Sept. Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
19
1
9
2
20
52
48
12
62
29
13
13
100 00
5
1
1
13
43
29
31
* 21
44
43
51
49
43
13
14
20
35
37
54
22
8
24
18
34
43
27
51
20
3
27
14
4
23
239
373
123
102
72
34
151
124
68
172
128
257
24
685
485
608
568
466
457
749
704
542
619
781
667
25
507
33,5
330
300
311
293
383
423
345
643
652
307
26
3339
2998
3579
3702
3816
3868
4060
4349
4030
4080
3565
3396
27
5
7
5
14
9
11
5
1
4
55
22
37
26
20
27
45
29
30
20
10
14
23
56
23
59
30
15
34
40
48
52
16
33
28
20
67
62
89
48
76
52
37
62
40
12
54
29
45
58
79
94
115
76
85
80
54
77
18
36
86
82
59
147
167
165
79
84
110
135
111
26
115
172
137
60
356
443
403
295
360
346
537
391
270
297
327
334
61
3960 3458
4006 3812 4317 4505 4713 4758
4592
4709
4375 4060
62 2005 1947
2200
2153
2323
2374 2225 2249
2288
2180
2083
2029
63
37
50
58
65
70
.83
67
75
73
85
60
44
91
80
153
81
148
31
44
43
49
€6
106
190
126
Square
Number.
89
Table I,-Continued.
Meteorological Observations entered in 10° Squares from 1893-1905 inclusive.
Jau.
Feb. March. April.
May.
June.
July. August. Sept.
Oct.
Nov. Dec.
92
88
174
82
131
39
19
31
25
38
73
174
137
93
74
132
65
77
10
27
5
28
37
69
118
115
94
71
63
87
104
77
98
74
38
34
30
162
75
95
101
137
90
118
123
69
100
81
72
127
91
144
96
2263
2081
2183
2091
2419
2384
2464
2827
2148
2364
2175
2110
97
965
• 978
1161
1016
1016
1129
1111
1092
1115
1164
1179
1089
98
318
291
298
324
389
385
417
419
401
404
401
-363
127
233
109
181
148
138
174
200
207
212
209
169
138
128
263
135
206
190
182
222
239
285
252
271
205
179
129
293
165
282
266
218
270
255
331
290
294
290
239
130
821
619
829
719
848
846
956
955
745
873
873
801
131
628
595
610
656
670
732
793
913
622
680
642
565
132
1943
1760
2306 2687
2986 3050
3345
3072
2774
2854
2711
2033
133
2
2
129
187
164
186
189
143
144
176
150
29
163 :
312
245
287
349
318
359
372
420
328
363
329
275
164
478
326
461
514
461
581
578
599
543
547
458
403
163
531
362
477
486.
566
619
627
631
598
564
516
460
166
158
142
170
154
208
228
256
183
249
203
189
181
167
19
17
25
67
92
131
180
167
107
76
62
20
168
1
7
4
14
12
12
12
8
7
14
14
169
170
199
86
62
94
131
106
115
115
98
135
116
114
77
200
13
6
12
7
5
8
10
29
8
201
202
203
42
318
1
21
15
319
55
43
64
27
6
13
སྡེ༼༤t༤:
1
Ι
1
:
2:
22
3
7
2
4
1
30
11
33
320
15
26
52
56
49
100
66
31
36
70
47
33
321
6
61
47
79
49
ΤΟ
61
74
84
70
103
70
322
124
64
85
109
143
140
133
147
169
129
161
128
323
592
353
481
349
332
820
405
361
357
333
448
458
324
572
408
320
211
132
168
285
269
407
552
634
543
325
502
403
490
590
521
617
793
853
863
681
509
466
326
1
23185 20599 23434
23385 24449 25467 .27442
27258 25195 26594 25538 22992
9. As stated in the Instructions for making Meteorological Observations, etc.,' meteorological instruments forwarded by observers who regularly send their Registers to the Observatory, are verified here free of cost. During the past year 4 thermometers were verified. In addition several hundred barometers and aneroids on board ship were com- pared with our standard.
10. In 1905 the number of transits observed was 374. The axis of the transit instru- ment was levelled 176 times, and the azimuth and collimation errors, whi are less liable to variation, were determined 35 times by aid of the meridian mark. Durin Mr. PLUMMER'S absence on leave since 8th March, these observations have been made by M. FIGG.
The Standard Sidereal Clock by Dent was cleaned on November 30th. The other clocks have had no alterations effected during the year.
The errors of the Time-ball are given in Table II. The ball is not dropped on Sundays nor on Government holidays. There were no failures during 1905. The ball was not hoisted on six occasions, viz. :- on March 20th and 27th on account of thunder- storms; on April 17th the line was out of order, the earth connection in the Police basin having parted; on August 30th a strong gale was blowing; and on August 31st and September 1st the line was under repair owing to damage caused by the gale of 30th August. The ball was dropped successfully 292 times in 1905. The probable error was in January 0.17, in February 0.85, in March ± 0.56, in April ± 0.33, in May ±0.16, in June± 0.19, in July ± 0.25, in August ± 0.17, in September ± 0.10, in October
± 0.13, in November ±0.11, in December ± 0.14.
F
90
Table II.
Errors of Time-Ball in 1905.
means too late.
+means too early.
Date.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct.
P
Nov.
S.
S.
S.
S.
S.
S.
S.
S.
S.
S.
123410 10 7 So
+0.6
0.1
-0.3
0.1
-0.3 | −0.5
0.1
+0.2
...
+1.1
-0.2
0.1
6
0.1
+0.9 +0.2
+0.2 +0.2 -0.3 | +0.3 +0.2 -0.3 +0.4 -0.2 +0.6 +0.4 0.1 +0.7
+0.2+2.6+0.5-0.6
0.1
...
0.1
0.1
+0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
+0.2
...
+0.3 0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
+0.5 0.1
0.1 0.1
-0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1-0.2
0.1 -0.2
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1 +0.2 0.1 0.1
8
...
+2.8
+0.6 -0.6 0.1
+0.2 0.1
-0.2 0.1
0.1
9
+0.2 +3.0 +0.7
0.1 +0.5 ...
0.1
-0.2
-0.2
8 | 43333333 :
0.1
0.1
0.1
10
+0.3
+3.4 | +0.8 +0.8
-0.9
0.1 | +0.5
+0.5
+0.2
0.1
.0.1 +0.2
11
0.1
+3.8 +0.9 -0.6
0.1
+0.2
+0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
...
0.1
12
0.1
.0.7
...
0.1
0.1
...
+0.3
0.1
+0.2
...
0.1
13
0.1
-0.3-0.2 -0.6
0.1 0.1
-0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
+0.2
14
+0.2
0.1 -0.4
-0.6
15
0.1
...
0.1
0.1
0.1
16
+0.3
0.1 0.1
0.1
17
+0.3
0.1 | +0.2
0.1
3888
0.1
-0.3
0.1
+0.2
0.1
0.1
+0.3
0.1
0.1
+0.2
0.1 ...
0.1 +0.5
0.1
+0.2
0.1 -0.2
0.1
+0.7
0.1 0.1
+0.3
0.1
0.1
...
18
+0.4
0.1
+0.5 +0.3
0.1
0.1 +0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
19
+0.4
+0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
+0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
20
+0.4
0.1
...
+0.6
0.1
0.1
+0.2
0.1
...
+0.2
0.1
0.1
21
0.1
0.1 +1.2
+0.2
+0.3 0.1
-0.2
-0.2
+0.2
0.1
22
-0.2
+1.5
0.2 | +0.3
+0.3-0.2
0.1
+0.4
...
0.1
23
0.1
-0.5 +1.7
0.1 +0.5
-0.3
-0.2
+0.2
+0.2
0.1
24
0.1 -0.5 +2.0
+0.6
+0.2 0.1
0.1
0.1
...
25
0.1 +0.5 +2.2-0.3
0.1
+0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
+0.2
26
0.1
-0.2
0.1
0.1 +0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
27
0.1 +0.7
0.1
0.1
0.1
+0.7
...
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
28
0.1
0.1-0.5 0.1
...
-0.2
29
-0.4
0.1 -0.2
30
+0.3
-0.3
-0.2 -0.3
+0.9 -0.4. +1.1 +.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
+0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1 +0.2
31
+0.4
-0.3
-0.3
0.1
...
⚫0.1
11. The hygrometric tables generally used for calculating the Vapour tension and Dew point from observations of the. Dry and Damp thermometers mounted in screens, are not quite suit ble when the air temperature and temperature of evaporation are determined by means of hotating thermometers.
With a view of calculating hygrometric tables adapted for use with the latter instruments, observations with Alluard's hygrometer and rotating thermometers have, at the instance of the Royal Society, been in progress here for some years whenever opportunity offered.
These obserations have been made for the most part in the magnetic observing hut, a wooden building 16 feet by 12 feet. This building is provided with a door on the North and South sides nd with two windows each on the East and West sides. In addition to the ordinary glass windows, louvres are fitted, and the latter have been found very convenient for permitting the amount of air motion through the building to be regulated to a great extent. Almost invariably the South door has been kept shut to avoid sunshine falling on the floor of the building and radiation from the ground outside, and the North door left open. The windows have also been kept open and the louvres closed, the slats being so regulated, according to the direction and force of the wind, as to permit of a free current of air passing through the building. By this arrangement also, direct light comes chiefly from the North, which is an advantage as strong light from all directions renders the observations very difficult. Partly owing to this cause observations made in the open air and in other situations bave had to be rejected, as the results were so discordant as to make it doubtful whether the deposit of dew had been properly observed. Besides in the open air the vari- able air motion and radiation from the ground render the observations most unsatisfactory- the Alluard responding quickly to changes of dew point so caused, while the effect was often unnoticeable on the rotating thermometers.
91
The following method is followed in making the observations in the magnetic hut. The small table on which the hygrometer stands is placed as near as possible in the mid- dle of the building, a small black screen being placed in front of the instrument at a distance of about two feet. The observer sits at a distance of about five feet from the instrument and evaporates the ether by means of a small hand bellows connected to the instrument by indiarubber tubing. When dew is observed on the gold plated face of the apparatus the thermometer is read off, and again when the dew disappears, care being taken to obtain only the very lightest deposit. To effect the latter it is necessary to work the bellows very gently on nearing the dew point, otherwise the plate suddenly becomes heavily charged with dew. The rotating thermometers are laid on the floor, which is of cement, in a corner of the hut, the damp bulb thermometer having been previously wetted so that it already reads near the evaporation point. They are then rotated round the Alluard apparatus, two or three separate readings being taken. The hygrometer is then again observed and the mean of this and the previous observation is taken as "a single observation." Usually three or four observations in the order named are taken and the inean of them is called "a set.” As it is necessary to clean the dew plate of the hygrometer frequently, a set of observations takes from twenty minutes to half an hour. But when the air is extremely dry the time taken may be much longer owing to the difficulty of reducing the ether to the dew point. Occasionally the temperature of the ether has been reduced previously to being used by placing it in ice or in water considerably below the air tempera- ature. But even so when the air is extremely dry and the difference between the dew point and air temperature great, considerable difficulty still exists as the reduction of temperature caused by evaporating the ether is to some extent counter-balanced by the rise caused by the temperature of the air passed through the instrument, the ether not being evaporated fast enough and at the same time maintained at a sufficiently high level in the apparatus. The aspirator furnished with the instrument was found to be useless whenever the air was moderately dry even, it being found quite impossible to reduce the temperature of the ether quickly enough by this means. A hand bellows for forcing air through the instrument was therefore substituted for it. The small tubes through which the air is passed are liable to get choke by small particles of the connecting rubber tubing finding their way into the tubes. They can only be cleaned thoroughly by taking the instrument completely to pieces which necessitates recementing tubes etc., to the ether container.
The number of sets of observations made in the various years was as follows: 1887, 44; 1888, 15; 1889, 3; 1892, 18; 1893, 37; 1894, 13; 1895, 2; 1896, 30; 1897, 9; 1898, 39; 1899, 90; 1900, 48; 1901, 96; 1902, 162; 1903, 94; 1905, 112. In 1887 two sets were rejected as being palpably wrong, in 1892 eighteen sets and in 1893 twenty- two sets were rejected on account of being made mostly in the open air or in situations where light, radiation and air motion were uncontrolled.
These observations were all made by Mr. F. G. FIGG.
The following table shows the provisional corrections, in degrees Fahrenheit, to be applied to the Dew-point determined by Rotating thermometers and Blanford's tables, in order to reduce it to that indicated by Alluard's hygrometer, for different heights of the damp bulb temperature and for various differences between the damp and dry thermometer readings.
It
It will be seen that the correction diminishes with increasing damp bulb temperature, with probably a change of sign at the highest readings of the damp bulb here shown. increases with increasing differences between dry and damp thermometer readings as regards damp bulb temperatures below 60°, while above that point it seems probable that the change of correction in the same direction, is small.
The table still reveals many inequalities, and more observations are evidently required before a final discussion of the results will be possible. The opportunities for obtaining observations at the extreme points shown in the table are, however, by no means frequent.
о
Rotating Damp Ther.
2.5
0 10
92
Table III.
Dry Ther.- Damp Ther.
о
O
7.5
10
12.5
15
17.5
20
Corrn. Sets. Corrn. Sets. Corrn. Sets. Corrn. Sets. Cor. Sets. | Corrn. Sets. Corrn. Sets. Corrn. Sets.
379.5
+-0°.90
2
40
+1.05
1+10.23
42.5
-0 35
+1.12
45
g
+0.50
+2.01
i+0 .40
47.5
+2.05
+1.42
50
+0°.52
+0.77
+1.85
+1.55
12
+10.10 ++ 6+ +3.23 +1.88 20 +2 26 25
7
+5°30
57
.12 22
2* ?} !
+60.87 +5 .60
52.5
.] [
-0 .30
+0.77
+1 30 17
+2.(05 15
55
+1.84
.47
+0.11
+0.74 10
+1.01 10
+0.80
+1.95
57.5
.53
+0.24
+0.60
+0 5
+2.92
+0.46
60
+0 34
+0.76 5
+0.05
+0.57
8
+0.51 1+0.66
62.5
+0.78 6
+0.56
+0 50 10
+0.25
65
+0.45
+0.63
+0 .80
+0.95
+0.74 10
+0.70
67.5
+0.35
+0.55
+0 39
1+
+0 34
12
(+0.02 14
70
+0 39
+0.10
+0.53
72.5
+0 .10
+0 .31
+0.32 16
75
+0.35
+0.34 22
77.5
+0.05
+0.18 45
80
-0.14
-0.14 13
$2.5
:
+0.31 14 +0 35 13 +0.35 15 +0.04] 26 -0.25 -0..90
+0.02
+0 42
+0.20 +0.22
+0 18
-9 .63
7 9 7 7 9 9 9 7
53
+1.75
30
+በ 40
.95
-0 35
.50
+0.80
.97
.52
+9 .30
-0.13
+0.20
12. The following table shows the means of barometric pressure at the Observatory and at Gap Rock (32 miles S.S.W. of the Observatory) from five years' three-hourly observations (1900-1904 incl.) reduced to freezing point of water and mean sea level.
Table IV.
MOSTH.
OBS.
G. R.
HOUR.
OBS.
G. R.
January,
February,
30.170 .222
30.147 .200
1 a.m.
29.974
29.951
4
.954
.942
March,
.045
.024 7
.986
.963
April,
29.957
29.940
10
30.013
.993
May,
.872
.861
1 p.m.
29.961
.950
June,
.752
.745 4
.924
.912
""
July,
.737
.726 7
.953
.934
""
August,
.724
.711 10
.991
.967
"
September,
.873
.857
October,
.999
.974
Mean. 29.969
29.951
November,
30.111
30.087
December,
.170
.145
The three-lourly means are represented by the following formulæ, where t indicates mean time:
Observatory: 29.969 +0.019 sin (t + 7°) −0.0315 sin (2t − 28°) + 0.002 sin (3t+72°).
Gap Rock 29.951 +0.017 sin (t−12°) −0.0265 sin (2t−323) +0.003 sin (3t — 64°).
The last term is quite uncertain. The formula show that the pressure observed at Gap Rock lags behind that registered at the Observatory and that the daily variation is smaller. This is due to friction of the mercury in the standard barometer at Gap Rock, whose tube is only half an inch in internal diameter while the tube in the barograph at the Observatory is much larger. The extremes of the bidiurnal variation occur 16 minutes too late at Gap Rock, and the diurnal variation, whose coefficient is smaller, lags still more.
93
13. The cisterns of the barograph and standard barometers are placed 109 feet above M.S.L. The bulbs of the thermometers are rotated 108 feet above M.S.L. and 4 feet above the grass.
The solar radiation thermometer is placed at the same height. The rin of the rain-gauge is 105 feet above M.S.L. and 21 inches above the ground.
14. The Monthly Weather Reports are arranged as follows:-
Table I exhibits the hourly readings of the barometer reduced to freezing point of water, but not to sea level nor for gravity, as measured (at two minutes to the hour [mean time] named) from the barograms.
Tables II and III exhibit the temperature of the air and of evaporation as deter- mined by aid of rotating thermometers. Table II exhibits also the extreme temperatures reduced to rotating thermometer by comparisons of thermometers hung beside them. Table III exhibits also the solar radiation (black bulb in vacuo), maximum temperatures reduced to Kew arbitrary standard.
Table IV exhibits the mean relative humidity in percentage of saturation and mean tension of water vapour present in the air in inches of mercury, for every hour of the day and for every day of the month, calculated by aid of Blanford's Table from the data in Tables II and III.
Table V exhibits the duration of sunshine expressed in hours, from half an hour
before to half an hour after the hour (true time) named.
Table VI exhibits the amount of rain (or dew) in inches registered from half an hour before to half an hour after the [uncan time] hour named. It exhibits also the observed duration of rain.
Table VII exhibits the velocity of the wind in miles and its direction in point. (1:32.) The velocity is measured from half an hour before to half an hour after the hour [mean time] named, but the direction is read off at the hours
Table VIII exhibits the amount (0-10), name (HOWARD's Classification), and direction whence coming of the clouds. Where the names of upper and lower clouds are given, but only one direction, this refers to the lower clouds. With regard to the names of clouds, nimbus (nim) is entered only when the rain is seen to fall; when no rain is seen to fall cumulo-nimbus (cum-nim) is entered. This name indicates clouds intermediate between cum and nini. Cumulo-stratus (cum-str.) is the well-known thunder cloud, while strato- cumulus (str-cum) signifies a cloud intermediate between stratus and cum. Sm-cun means alto-cumulus.
Table IX exhibits for every hour in the day, the mean velocity of the wind reduced to as well as 2 directions, according to strictly accurate formulæ, and also the mean direction of the wind. Below this is printed a list of the phenomena observed.
15. The following annual Weather Report for 1905 is arranged as follows :-
Table V exhibits the mean values for the year (or hourly excess above this) obtained from the monthly reports. The total duration of rain was 665 hours. There fell at least 0.01 inch of rain on 145 days.
Table VI exhibits the number of hours during a portion of which at least 0.005
inch of rain (or dew) was registered.
A
94
Table VII exhibits the number of days with wind from eight different points of the compass. The figures are obtained from the mean daily directions in Table VII of the monthly reports. Days with wind from a point equidistant from two directions given, are counted half to one of these and half to the other, e... half of the days when the wind was NNE are counted as N, and the other half as NE.
Table VIII exhibits the number of days on which certain meteorological pheno- mena were registered, and also the total number of thunderstorms noted in the neighbourhood during the past year.
Table IX shows the frequency of clouds of different classes.
Table X is arranged as last year.
Table XI exhibits the monthly and annual extremes.
Table XII contains fine-day means.
16. The observations of magnetic declination and horizontal force published in Tables XIII and XIV were made with magnet No. 55 on Kew pattern unifilar magnetometer ELLIOT BROTHERS, No. 55. The dips were observed with dip-circle Dover No. 71. The height above mean sea level at which the magnets are suspended is 116 feet.
The methods adopted in making the observations and in determining and applying the corrections are explained in Appendix G. of Observations and Researches made in 1885- "On the verification of unifilar magnetometer ELLIOT BROTHERS, NO. 55." The value of 2K
"2 π used was 3.44914 at 25° Cent. The value of P' was 8.032. The mean value of the magne- tic moment of the vibrating needle was 571.53. From comparisons made between magne. tometers No. 55 and No. 83 in the year 1898 it was shown that the correction to the horizontal force obtained by the former as given in Tables XIV and XV was + 0.00052 (see "Observations and Researches made in 1898," page 19.)
The times of vibration exhibited in Table XIV are cach derived from 12 observations of the time occupied by the magnet in making 100 vibrations, corrections having been applied for rate of chronometer and arc of vibration.
The observations of horizontal force given in Table XIV are expressed in C.G.S. units. The vertical and total forces have been computed by aid of the observed dips.
During the past year gangs of coolies have been at work excavating the hill-side to the West of the magnetic but, and the erection of a church on the site thus formed has been in progress. The west side of the magnetic hut is now only 10 feet from the edge of the cut- ting which goes almost sheer down for over 30 feet.
Owing to the earth cutting in progress in close proximity to the observing hut, observa- tions could not be made in November.
At other times during the year they have been made under the following conditious :-
May 12th and 13th: coolies cutting hillside with pick and shovel about 100 feet
North-west of observing pier and about 25 feet below its level.
May 15th the same work in progress about 30 feet West of observing hut. The
horizontal force observation was commenced but abandoned.
August 17th: during first quarter of observation coolies at work as above about
90 feet West of and about 25 feet below level of instrument.
December 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th and 18th: workmen engaged building out-
houses about 40 feet West of and about 30 feet below level of instruments.
17. An appendix about the occurrence of fogs along the coast of China illustrated by a diagram (Plate IV) is added, and also three plates (I, II and III) showing tracks of typhoons in 1905.
W. DOBERCK,
Hongkong, Observatory, 10th March, 1906.
Direc or.
Pressure,
Temperature,..
Diurnal Range.....
Humidity,
Vapour Tension,
Sunshine (Total)
Rainfall (Total).
1 a.
2 ณ.
Table V.
Mean Values and Houriy Excess above the mean of Meteorological Elements in 1905.
4 .
aa.
Ga.
7 a.
Sa.
41.
10 a.
11 a.
Noon.
1 p.
2 p.
3 p.
4 p.
5. p.
6 p:
7 p.
sp.
9 p.
10 p.
11 p.
Midt.
Mean or
Total.
3 a.
+.003
.000 —.014 —018
1.5
1.6
1.8
2.0
-.013
2.0
1.9
-
-.000 +.016 +.030 +.041 +.043 +,034 0.3 + 0.6 + 1.4 + 2.0
13
+.016 −.008 + 2.4. + 2.5
-.028.040
+ 2.4 + 2.1
-.044 -.020 -.040 + 1.6 + 6.9 + 0.2
016 +.001 +.015 +.022 +.022 +.615 0.2 0.3 0.5
29.847
0.6
1.1
1.3
71.6
8.1
...
子
5+ 5+
5+ i +
5
+
1 +
2
0
3
5
7
8
7
5
3
2 +
+.009 +.005 +.002
-.002 -.006
-.007
-.006
-.036
.009
.008
-.009
-.008 -.010
.005
.007
.000 −,003 +.003
4 + 5 +
1 + +.007.011 +013 +.015+.014 +.011
3 +
80
0.650
22.6
104.7
1519
169.4
183.2
189.2
189.1
188.3
180.8
175.2
1(2.2
110.3
24.5
1851.4
1.120
1,515
2.850
3.105
1.650
2.210
4.115
5.310
4.920
3.685
4.625
3.840
8.500
3.065
8.#25
3.700
3.610
5.040
33
87
BE
33
25
23
40
30
33
41
0.034
0.041
0.084
0.09-4
0.036
0.079
0.1023
1.3
1.4
1.2
1.2
14
1.1
0.177
0.8 + 0.1
0.126
+ 1
34
26
0.113 0.178 0.090 + 15 + 3.5 + 2.1
38
39
0.092
0.079
32
0.113 + 2.1 +1.9 + 1.8 + 1.6 + 0.5
37
0.090
30
0.090
35
0.144.
1.795
27
0.066
1.570
20
0.054
14470
32
2.200
31
0.770
2.125
70.945
23
29
791
0.046
0.072
0,033
0.073
0.090
0.6
0.9
1.4
1.0
1.3
1.3
1.2
12.2
.....
Go
49
20
69
go
4°
6
1° + 1° + 50 + 7° +10o +10° +10° + $0
+ 8° + 10
1°
4°
59
ဝ
80
7°
E SO S
+
+
4
71
117 1
Hours of Rain (Total),
Intensity of Rain,
Wind-Velocity,...
Wind-Direction,
Cloudiness,
Solar Radiation, Excess of do.
Table VI.
Number of Hours during a portion of which it rained for each Month of the year 1905.
41.1
95
Month.
January,
February,
March,
April,
May,
June,
July,..
Angust,
September,
October,
-November,
December,
33 Total,.......
37 34
1 a.
2 a.
3 a.
4 a.
ō a.
6 a.
7 a.
8 a.
9 a.
10 a.
11 a. Noon.
1 p.
2 p..
3 p.
4 p.
5 p.
6 p.
7 p.
8 p.
9թ.
10 p. 11 p. Midt
Total.
5
3
2010 — 00 00 01 00 O AVON
~N22 OTA OT 3A ANI
2
5
0-23 +ONTO DOS
0
1
6
1
0
3
3
6
1
2
CHOO2---
(
6
}
6
4
4
0
-00-1-X2-01
2
4
(
3
B
LONNO¤~ +-ON-
9
2
2
0
31 01 00 00 00 4201
1
HOONAUJNOLO
4
0
101NOIN--00
NOI∞ 00 00 -1 - A ∞ 10 O
0
2
0
ONOR 20 CO 10 M~-~ -
0
10
4
I
2
6
2
6
I
1
2
3
1
2
CHOWWNONATO-
KOOWIA — 30 co co c
2
IS-422 - NOON
2
1-OW 00 00 00 00 00 -TION
1
20
1
2
-NO+ 30 & Dx 00 10 01 —
4.
(
---∞0 01 00 NOONA-med
41
138
56
58
123
80
119
65
20
19
4
47
3y
33
25
28
40
30
39
41
26
34
38
39
37
39
32
35
27 29
132 23
82
31
23
29
791
96
Table VII.
Number of Days with wind from eight different points of the Compass during each month of
the year 1905.
MONTH.
N.
NE.
E.
SE.
S.
SW.
W.
NW.
January,
February,
March,
April,
May,
Juue,
OON 2 – N
2
17
3
2
1
5
14
1
1
2
2
25
19
2
4
1
1
16
1
6
1
6
July,
1
9
4
7
5
August.
8
3
September,
1
15
1
1
October,
4
November,
4
22
22
1
22
:-
1
December,
Sums,.........
25
19
28
27
197
22
22
3
2222
32
23
14
Table VIII.
Total Number of Days on which different Meteorological Phenomena were noted and Total Number of Thunderstorms during each month of the year 1905.
MOSTI.
January,
12
February,
27
March,.
9 12
April,.
14
May,
4
10
June,
4
July,
17
August..
12
September,
15
2-23OON2K
1
12 10 10
3
10
16 15 12
16 B
11
15
2-02502
2-0262IN
1
1
October,
3
3
6
1
12
20
12
10
ة
November,..
December,.....
3
3
:
Sums,....
62
94
91 57
16
33
81 20 26
2 15
เล
5
Table IX.
Total Number of Times that Clouds of different forms were observed in each month of
the year 1905.
MONTH.
c-str.
c-cum. sm-cum. cum. cum-str.
str.
r-cum. cum-nim.
nim.
January,
5
18
45
151
16
1
7
8
February,
15
86
58
13
42
March,.
3
4
19
80
27
50
.83
April,.
}
1
27
120
26
31
43
May,
66
10
80
145
3
14
20
June,
50
14
45
147
1
I
28
39
July,
50
26
49
177
1
18
20
August,
1
100
2
29
157
6
September,
50
15
41
168
1
October,
23
13
45
130
ོ༤༥:
7
10
37
3
3
14
25
10
11
8
November,
12
62
92
5
10
10
December,....
11
59
104
20
39
21
Sums,...... 2
371
111
519
1557
→
176
4
245
356
1905.
Barometric Tide.
Mcan Diurnal Variability of Temperature.
Weight of Aqueous į Vapour.
RAINFALL.
97
Table X.
Hourly Intensity
of Rain.
MEAN DIRECTION
OF CLOUDS
WHENCE COMING.
NUMBER OF DAYS
WITH
CLOUDS BELOW.
Mean (20 years.)
1905.
Lower. Upper. Cirrus.
2000 ft. | 1000 ft.
January,
0.108
2.08
5.36
1.32
1.800
February,
.0.100 2.48 4.20
1.86
1.100
March,
0.099 2.18 4.96
2.63
11.485
April,
0.096 3.26 6.42
5.56
May,
0.086 1.31 8.41 13.43
June,
0.064 1.39
9.27
16.80
1.235 6.825 19.695
July,
0.073 0.95
9.33
13.32
9.015
August, 0.077 1.28
9.43
14.22
12,115
September,. 0.076 : 1.07
8.85
8.21
3.195
October, 0.088 1.32
6.91
4.73
1.830
November,. 0,099 || 1.63
5.07
1.71
0 280
December,
0.098 1.81
5.50
1.03
2.370
0.106 S 13° EW 8° 0.017 E 29° SW 13° 0.078 E S S SW 0.019 S 25° E W } 4° 0.152 S 6° W W 2° 0.212S 19° EN 41° 0.215 S 2o EN 40° W 0.189 S 10° EN 39° E 0.071 E 15° S N 42° E 0.122 E 2o N❘ W 33° S 0.016E 4° NW 28° 0.045 E 2° SW 36°
8
0
18
4
24
5
16
WNW
10
2
12
1
5
2
2
3
10
Mean or 0.089 Total,...
1.73 6.98 84.82
70.945
0.106E 44° SW 15° N
WNW
119
23
Table XI.
Monthly Extremes of the Principal Meteorological Elements regis'ered during the year 1905.
BAROMETER. TEMPERATURE.
HCMI-
DITY.
VAPOUR TENSION.
RAIN.
WIND VELO-
RADIA-
TION.
CITY.
MONTH.
Max.
Min. Max. Min.
Min.
Max Min.
Daily Hourly Max. Max.
Sun
Max.
Max.
January,
t
February,
30.388 29.615 79.3 46.8 30.28329.671 73.5
47
42.8
38
March,.
30.319 | 29.527
77.0
47.2
49
April,.
30.139.29.571 84.2
51.8
34
0.713 0.234 0.735 0.177 0.661 0.239 2.145 0.980 49 0.852 0.200 0.235
0.970 0.280 35 0.465 0.165
131.1
35
109.9
125.1
0.205 40
134.8
May,
30.001 29.525
89.4
68.4
47
0.953
June,
29.828 29.364 88.6
69.8
36
1.027
0.488 3.080 0.405 7.955 2.800 32
0.710 36
148.5
146.3
July,
29.844 29.190
91.3
73.8
51
1.069
0.637 1.490
0.860 34
147.5
August,
29.856 | 29.124
90.5
73.0
56
1.007
0.694 2.515
1.240
65
146.8
September, 29.976 29.530 89.6 71.3
53
1.009
October,..
30.101 29.735 85.7
59.7
30
0.840
November,... 30.26929.702 84.5
59.2
24
December, 30.229 29.752
80.4
53.4
35
0.510 0.995 0.245 0.238 1.740 0.560 0.663 0.239 0.729 0.245
142.9
36
147.1
0.100 0.065 33 1.065 0.350 43
138.1
134.0
Year,... 30.388 29.124 91.3
42.8
24
1.069 0.177
7.955 2.800 65
148.5
98
Table XII.
Fixe-Day Means of the Principal Meteorological Elements observed at Hongkong in 1905.
FIVE-DAY PERIODS.
Barometer.
Temper-
Humidity.
Vapour Wind
ature.
Tension. Velocity.
Nebulosity. Sunshine.
Rain.
Jan. 1- 5
30.172
63.4
12
0.420
11.8
6.0
4.5
0.000
6-10
.000
64.2
78
.470
12.6
3.5
6.9
0.000
11-15
013
63.3
33
81
.473
16.6
5.6
6.5
0.000
16-20
29.900
67.9
.578
9.8
7.9
3.5
0.000
21-25
723
72.9
.665
10.9
8.6
5.0
0.000
26-30
.8.9
56.4
79
870
7.9
9.0
0.360
31- 4
30.031
52.8
87
.348
6.6
10.0
0.0
0.003
Feb. 5- 9
.050
52.0
349
9.5
10.0
*0.0
0.017
10-14
.158
49.8
**
.263
9.3
6.5
4.2
0.010
15-19
.037
58.0
.399
13.6
9.9
0.1
0.008
20-24
>
29.856
61.5
94
520
20.0
9.7
0.7
0.045
25- 1
.959
56.4
80
367
11.0
9.6
0.3
0.169
Mar. 2-6
30.162
52.4
SI
8:0
8.2
10.0
0.0
0.045
7-11
.070
57.7
>
79
387
19.3
9.8
0.9
0.005
12-16
20 864
64.8
92
.509
15.1
8.2
4.1
0.493
17-21
912
>>
58.5
91
.451
20.4
9.9
0.0
0.870
22-26
.891
59.9
92
.477.
16.3.
9.8
1.2
0.567
27-31
731
"
61.4
93
.510
27.0
10.0
0.0
0.280
Apr. 1-5
.884
58.9
85
.432
9.0
10.0
0.0
0.020
6-10
"
30.009
62.2
70
392
20.6
9.1
1.9
0.040
11-15
71
29.779
69.6
95
.690
12.5
10.0
0.6
0.102
16-20
.737
78.7
>>
82
.684
16.6
8.5
4.9
0.033
21-25
.930
"
66.1
91
.587
23.5
8.7
2.9
0.052
26-30
.806
76.0
85
.763
8.8
5.2
9.8
0.000
May 1-5
.834
75.4
83
.782
13.5
7.1
5.5
0.018
6-10
.886
76.6
23
8+
.770
9.1
2.9
10.6
0.000
11-15
72
.880
77.9
.759
10.4
6.0
9.1
0.002
16-20
.771
80.2
>>>
82
.852
6.0
9.3
4.0
0.004
21-25
.689
81.3
""
80
.856
10.4
7.4
6.7
0.238
26-30
.772
78.5
**
77
.753
11.1
6.5
6.5
0.487
31-4
.762
79.0
89
883
8.1
8.4
2.7
2.228
June 5-9
.606
80.9
86
.907
9.3
9.8
0.8
1.031
10-14
545
82.9
1
83
.941
6.2
8.0
8.1
0.128
15-19
.481
>>
82.0
69
.753
14.0
7.7
5.0
0.032
20-24
.687
78.1
87
.837
20.8
9.8
0.6
1.096
25-29
.681
81.7
84
.907
9.8
4.9
10.0
0.008
30- 4
.478
83.3
""
72
.828
7.1
5.6
9.2
0.188
July 5-9
.724
80.7
83
.869
6.8
7.6
6.2
0.512
10-14
.759
82.6
77
.858
7.1
6.1
9.4
0.003
15-19
.640
83.3
77
.883
4.9
3.5
10.7
0.014
66
20-24
.569
82.3
83
918
9.4
6.7
6.7
0.371
25-29
.439
82.2
77
.938
12.3
9.2
3.9
0.702
30- 3
.717
79.5
""
.884
9.2
6.8
6.5
1.028
Aug. 4-8
719
819
.888
7.1
3.B
10,8
0.000
9-13
.696
82.3
2:
.903
7.0
6.6
83
0.195
14-18
.651
81.3
.905
7.6
7.6
6.4
0.183
19-33
.687
80.4
.897
8.0
7.8
6.2
0.337
24-28
.057
82.5
??
81
.903
5.2
6.4
8.8
0.224
20-
.466
81.2
>>
.877
18.4
7.0
5.1
0.473
Sept. 3- 7
.709
81.5
.915
16.6
7.2
7.4
0.023
8-12
.808
80.6
**
.867
6.7
5.9
8.3
0.199
13-17
.729
81.6
80
.458
7.0
7.0
5.5
0.014
18-22
.757
76.8
>>
83
.678
24.8
7.9
5.0
0.209
33-07
.814
79.8
".
78
.797
18.0
5.0
7.0
0.057
28- 2
.889
>>
77.9
86
.823
17.8
8.1
3.3
0.460
Oct.
3- 7
.944
76.5
69
.634
8.9
6.5
4.8
0.004
8-12
.907
773
??
69
.648
13.1
1.5
10.5
0.000
13-17
.888
>>
78.4
81
.787
14.5
4.7
7.6
0.007
18-22
.939
??
72.8
60
.508
9.6
4.3
6.6
0.000
23-27
.830
70.4
73
.615
16.4
4.9
7.0
0.000
28- 1
.820
74.3
67
.575
11.5
5.5
5.2
0.000
Nov. 2- 6
.992
71.0
48
365
10.5
2.7
9.4
0.000
7-11
30.071
68.9
62
.440
14.3
1.6
10.2
0.000
12-16
.082
"
70.3
70
17-21
115
68.2
70
22-26
.002
68.3
76
27-1
113
67.3
71
Dec. 2-6 29.997
68 6
7-11
""
.850
70.6
12-16
"
30.037
62.7
17-21
.060
63.3
>> 02-26
22
.054
64.4
81
27-31
"2
.001
61.6
83
PARC 3 2 3 3 78
521
14.0
5.9
6.5
0.000
.485
10.5
5.1
6.5
0.017
529
10.1
8.4
3.0
0.026
.478
14.5
4.8
6.6
0.013
SO
561
136
5.9
5.9
0.000
.641
8.1
6.9
4.0
0.000
.460
16.8
9.3
1.1
0.072
.400
8.9
4.2
7.8
0.001
.498
19.3
9.4
1.7
0.298
.458
12.5
9.2
0.9
0.103
99
Table XIII.
Observations of Magnetic Declination and Dip.
1905.
H.K.M.T.
Declination Observer.
East.
H.K.M.T.
Dip North.
Needle Observer.
No.
February,
16d. 2h: 50m. p.
0° 11' 2"
J.I.P. 13 31. 26m. p. 14 2 53 p.
31° 8′57′′
6.69
7.31
May,
August,
13 3
6 p.
14 2 44 P.
0 8 30
0 7 32
F.G.F.
12 3 19 p.
5.69
15 3 19
P.
8.01
7.31
December,
16 2 44 11 2 45
p.
0 6 16
17 3 21
p.
p.
0 9 17
12 3 11 P.
உங்
9.47
4.53
2.45
14 2 40 p.
0 9 31
15 3 22 p.
7.40
* Observed in two azimuths differing 90°.
Table XIV.
Observations of Horizontal Magnetic Force.
3
3
CO CO *H *
If I CO CO 4 CO
*
*
J I.P.
**
F.G.F.
"
"
1905.
H.K.M.T.
Time of
one Vibra- tion.
Tem- perature Cent.
Log >>>X.
Value of
ML.
Tem-
Distance
H.K.M.T.
timetres.
Cent.
in Cen-perature Deflection. Log X
m Valne of Obser-
X.
ver.
February,. 154.2h.51m.p.3 .6488
169.7
2.32535 | 572.03 15 2h.14m.p.
30
16°.7
6° 35′ 53′′ .8 3.1894$ 0.36977| J.I.P.
40
2 46 1.8
3 44 p.
30
17 .0
6 35 47 5
40
2 46 57
February, 17 2 47 p. 3 .6498
16.8
2.32513571.99 17 2 11 p.
30
16 4
6 35 52 5| 3.18964 · 0,36961
40
2 46 13 .8
3 37 p.
16 .9
6 35 46 3
40
August,. 11 3 26 p.3 .6613
29.35
2.32461 570.8311 2 50 p.
29 .1
2 46 12 5
6 32 50.0 3.18840 0.36991 |F.G.F.
40
2 44 45 .6 :
7 p.
30
29 .9
6 32 37 5
40
2 44 46.9 :
August,
18 3 28 p. 3 .6598
29.15. | 2.32493571,36 18 2 53 p.
30
28.5
6 33 12.5 3.18890 0.36985
::
40
2 45 2.5
6 p.
30
28 .1
6 33 28 7:
40
2 45 6.21
December, 13 3 6 p.3 6551
20.1
2.32441571.45 13 2 24 p.
30
19 .7
6 35 36 2 · 3.18936 | 0.36934
40
2 45 58.7
3 45 P.
30
19 8 16 35 43 .8
40
2 45 38 8
December, 18 3 1 p. 3 .6527
21.5
2.32522 571.52′ 18 2 25 p.
30
20 .9
6 34 37 5 3.18884 0.36999
40
2 45 38 8
3 42 P.
30
20 .9
6 34 32 5
40
2 43 28 7
Table XV.
Results of Magnetic Observations made in 1905.
Month.
Declin- ation East.
Dip. North.
Magnetic Force.
X
Σ
Total.
February,
0° 11′ 2′′
31° 7′31′′
0.36969
0.22323 0.43187
May,
August,
08 30
0 6 54
31 5 41
31 8 16
December,
0 9 24
31 4 48
Mean
0 8.57
31 6 34
0.36988
0.36967
0.36975
0.22346 0.43214
0.22282 0.43163
0.22317 0.43188
100
APPENDIX.
FOGS ON THE COAST OF CHINA,
BY
F. G. FIGG.
The occurrence of fog on the China coast has been investigated from observations made at the Treaty Ports and lighthouse stations along the coast during the five years 1901 to 1905 inclusive.
The following table shows the mean percentage of days in each month when fog was noted at the various stations for the five years named. Whenever a station recorded fog at any period of the day it has been counted as a day of fog occurrence at that station.
The stations are arranged in the table according to latitude, Hoihow being the most southern and Taku the most northern.
Table I.
Mean Percentage of Days in each Month when Fog was noted at various Stations along the China
Coast during the five Years 1901-1905, inclusive.
December,
October,
November.
}
4
12
Mean Monthly.......
5 2 10 712
3 11
414 15 16
10
20 5|21|16|16| 12 610 16
3, 12
3
September,.
January,
17
February,
13 6
510
4
19 1719
15
25
March,
18
23 21 27
April,
7
May,
610 27
June....
1
5 8 G 723 8 27 32 32 121 29|39|13|46|16 53 54 55 228 40 41.37 t 915 010
4 6
11 60
36 34 34 26 111013 55 41 35 31 11|12|19
48
13 15 17
37
July,
August,..
12
15
287121101407
3440
2812 15
48 36 43 31 7 23 32 2 15 49 31 36 | 24
14 15 12
Hoihow.
Pakboi.
Month.
Hongkong.
Breaker It.
I amocks.
Swatow.
Chapel Island.
Amoy.
Ockscu.
Turnabout,
Middle Dog.
Foochow.
Wenchow.
Pei-yu-shan.
Ningpo.
Steep Isd.
Gutzlaff.
North Saddle.
Shaweishan.
Woosung.
•CO-CRETAR ¦ SE Shantung Promy.
3 32
31
10 28
K-ONO
➡ ➡HIC NAGACOKN
3
417 15
413 10
NE Shantung Promy.
Chefoo.
Howki.
Taku.
It will be noticed that the ports record much less fog than the lighthouse stations in their respective neighbourhoods. But it must be remarked that observations are usually recorded every six hours at the ports whereas they are made every three hours at the light- houses. Nevertheless it would appear that much more fog is found a few miles seaward of the river mouths than at the ports on rivers a little inland. For instance taking the three ports, Swatow, Amoy and Foochow, we find that the mean monthly percentage for the year is 2.5 whereas grouping Lamocks, Chapel Island, Ocksen, Turnabout and Middle Dog results, we obtain a mean annual percentage of 13.5. We get almost the same result if we compare Chefoo with the Shantung Promontory and Howki lighthouses, but the difference is not so great when Ningpo and Woosung are compared with the adjacent lighthouse stations
When the mean percentage of the whole of the stations is taken, April proves to be the foggiest month, 25 per cent. of the days being foggy, and September has the least fog, viz., 1 per cent. But the time of the occurrence of the maximum varies with the lavitude. the S. coast recording the maximum in March, and Shantung and the Gulf of Pechili between June and July. To show this, the time of maximum and the annual variation generally, it is convenient to arrange the stations in groups for the different parts of the coast. This has been done and the resulting figures are given in the following table. To represent the S. coast the mean of the results at the stations, Hoihow, Pakhoi, Hongkong and Breaker Point have been taken, those from Lainocks to Wenchow inclusive to embrace the Formosa Channel area, those from l'ei-yu-shan (Hieshans) to Woosung inclusive as representing the Chusan Archipelago and the estuary of the Yangtze, and the remainder to include the Shantung Promontory and the Gulf of Pechili.
101
Table II.
Mean Percentage of Days in each Month when Fog was noted at groups of Stations along
the China Coast during the five Years 1901-1905, inclusive.
January,
February,
March,
April,
May,
Jane, July, August,
September, October,
November,
December,
Month.
Hoihow to Breaker Pt.
Lamocks to Wenchow.
Pei-ru-shan to Woosung.
Shantung Pro- montory and Gulf of Pechili.
12
18
15
24*6
13
13
8
6
18
27
130
32
34
11
4
20
31
15
3
26
18
3
11
27
2
4
11
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
2
5
1
The means thus arrived at have been plotted on a chart (Plate IV) which is attached. This shows at a glance the mean percentage of days in each month when fog was recorded in the four sections of the coast above mentioned.
As to the conditions under which fog is produced, it is found that the existence of areas of low pressure over the Continent and adjacent waters are the chief factors. In Spring the normal high pressure over the Continent is gradually disappearing and from time to time low pressure areas take its place. The North-east Monsoon under the latter condition. becomes light or ceases altogether. At the same time there is an inflow of warm humid air from equatorial regions. We thus frequently have a surface current of light NE winds blowing along the coast of a relatively low temperature as compared with the warm moisture laden current coming from the South, the latter however not necessarily being surface currents but of low altitude. This is frequently seen by the wind records at Victoria Peak (1,816 feet above M.S.L.) and from the direction of the lower clouds. In such cases it is found that the vertical temperature gradient ordinarily obtaining between sea level and the Peak is diminished or even reversed, the Peak sometimes having a higher t mperature than that at sea level. And it is in March that the least mean difference between the air temperature at the signal station and that at the Observatory (109 feet above M.S.L.) is found, the April difference being very little greater. The intermixture of these two currents of air of quite different temperatures is the chief factor in the production of fog along the coast.
The temperature of this air mixture is too low to enable it to contain all the water vapour present, hence it results that a part of the water vapour is condensed into fog or mist. The difference in these terms is one of degree only. In fog the water vesicles are smaller and more closely packed than in mist. Thus objects are visible at a greater distance. when mist prevails than when fog prevails.
From what has already been statel it appears that fog is liable to occur whenever a warm humid air current coming from sea areas impinges on the much colder air lying over the coast, and that the occurrence of fog will practically cease as soon as the tempe- rature of the air over the coast areas has attained a temperature more in accord with the air currents coming from equatorial regions. And on consulting the marine data furnished in the meteorological logs supplied by shipmasters, it is seen that fog rarely occurs in the China Sea at any considerable distance from the coast. Cases where fog was encountered beyond 100 miles from the coast are rare. But it more frequently happens that vessels run into fog on approaching the coast within about 50 miles.
A reference to the chart indicates that this is the case. We see the fog occurrence reaching its maximum in March on the S. coast and then slowly declining in April. A rapid descent is then shown by the diagram coinciding with the partial establishment of the hot weather conditions in the South by the middle of May.. Thereafter very little fog is noted, although the absolute minimum is not shown till October.
..
102
The diagrams for the other districts show much the same sequence of fog occurrence, the maximum however, occurring later as we go North. Thus we see that in June when fogs have practically ceased in the South, the maximum has not yet been reached around Shantung. Although the absolute maximum occurs both in the Formosa Channel area and the Yangtze area in April, the decline is a rapid one in the former while the latter has a prolonged period of fog extending towards the end of June before any rapid decrease takes place. The diagram shows the Chusan Archipelago and the estuary of the Yangtze to be the foggiest part of the coast, not only as to the absolute maximum but as to the length of time a large percentage of fog is recorded.
With the complete establishment of the hot weather condition over the Continent fog practically ceases to occur, except the purely local fogs, which occasionally occur at individual stations in the summer, and which are usually caused by the cooling of the ground by radiation. This class of fog occurs usually in the evening or early morning hours and is quickly dissipated by the warming up of the air after sunrise.
It might be assumed that in autumn when the NE monsoon sets in a second period of foggy weather would result. But this is not the case. For while the change, commenting in spring, from winter to summer conditions is a gradual process, that commencing in autumn to the opposite condition is comparatively abrupt. Moreover the extreme dryness of the air, as yet of a relatively high temperature, hich now comes from the Continent, does not favour the formation of fog, and in fact we see by the chart that it is at this time of year-September and October-that the minimum occurs along the coast, perhaps slightly earlier in the North than in the South.
Towards the end of the year fog begins to increase again. The air over the Continent has now become much colder and any inrush towards the coast of relatively warm air, such as happens when a depression forms inland, is liable to cause fog.
There is a slight secondary maximum in January and a dip in the curve in all districts in February. This tends to show that areas of low pressure were more frequent over the Continent in January than in February, or that the anticyclonic condition was more marked in the latter month. A rapid survey of the pressure conditions prevailing in these two months indicates that this was the case. For although the central areas of anticyclones in Northern Europe are usually characterized by fog, the effect in this respect, of the passage eastwards over the coasts of N. China of such areas, appears to be small, But the outflow of air here comes from a vast continental area, the air accordingly being exceedingly dry, while in N. Europe it passes to a great extent over sea areas.
To the navigator the practical importance of the results arrived at is this, that about the beginning of the year whenever it is known that low pressure areas exist over China or adjacent waters he may expect to find more or less fog along the coast, its occurrence be- coming more and more frequent and its character probably denser, until the period of the when the maximum of fog obtains, is reached ou the different parts of the coast.
year
On the other hand when China is covered by high pressure areas he may be tolerably. sure, that he will not meet with fog along the coast, but he will, at times, find a good deal of haze. For example, in February, 1905, during the period 8th to 17th inclusive, anticyclonic conditions prevailed over China, and not a single station on the coast recorded fog. The mean height of the barometer in Hongkong for the period named will be a sufficient index as tóressure conditions over China. It was 30.26 or 0.11 inch above normal. From the 18th to 25th fogs were general over the S. coast of China, the Formosa Channel and the E. coast as far North as the Chusan Archipelago, corresponding to a period of low pressure, over S. China and the Eastern Sea. The mean height of the barometer in Hongkong for this period was 29.93 or 0.17 below the normal.
10
22
130
140
110
Typhoon Tracks of 1905
in three plates
Dated at the noon position of the centre each day. Prore. I
120
13/0
14/0
120
+16
Aug.
June.
110
120
192
July.
ов
15
شركة
18
14
16/
00
July.
July.
-June.
+13
Oct.
July.
Aug.
By F. G. Figg.
Hongkong Observatory.
130
Typhoons this Less intense depressions thus Where dotted the tracks are
approximate or doubtful.
14/0
10
20
40
*..
10
30
|40
+30
333
Typhoon Tracks of 1985
in three plates
Dated at the noon position of the centre cach day.
120
1310
Plate. I
140
+29
00
Sept.
Sept.
Aug.
-25
--Aug.
+24
120
Sept.
A
Sept
13/0
•
By F. G. Figg.
Hongkong Observatory.
110
Typhoons thus
Less intense depressions thus Where dotted the tracks are
approximate or doubtful.
14 0
Auge
201
[ro
120
(30
140
110
2
110
120
~20
-30
12/0
¥29
+31
30
♡
Typhoon Frace
in three Dated at the noon position of the
13/0
140
·Oct.
I
+24
}
123
Oct.
00
1
+22
NA
125
+21
24
-Nov.
13/0
Typhoons thus
140
Less intense depressions "thus - Where dotted the tracks are
a
Typhoon Tracks of 1905.
ut the noon
это
in three plates position of the centre each day.
140
.Oct.
30
00
!
1
+24
123
125
Oct.
+32
2 A
+21
-- 10
150
1610
w's thes
tense depressions thus
dotted the tracks are approximate
M
22
15/0
Nov.
or
doubtful.
..Nov.
20
Plate. T
1710
By F. G. Figg. .
Hongkong Observatory.
April,
160
170
30
401
30
201
10
June.
301
20
10
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June July Aug.
Sep Oct.
Nov.
Plate TV
Dec.
Shantung and Gulf of Pechili
30
401
30
Chusan Archipelage and estuary of the Yangtze
201
10
40
Formosa Channel
20
10
0
40
130
20
10
40
30
→
10
0
401
30F
20
10
30
201
10
Parmesa Gimesa Channel
10
South Coast of China
0
20
10
40
130
20
10
30
20
[10
0
Jan. Feb.
Mar. Apr.
May
June
July Aug. Sep.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
103
The extent of coast over which fog prevailel at the same time is given in the following table :-
Table III.
Mean Percentage of Days in exch Month when Fog prevailed on the same Day over various Sections of the China Coast during the five Years 1901-1905, inclusive.
Month.
South Coast and For- mosa Channel.
South Coast, Formosa
South Coast,
Formosa
Formosa
Formosa Chan- Channel and
Channel,
Channel and
nel, Yangtze
Yangtze
Yangtze
Yangtze Estuary.
Estuary and
Estuary.
Estuary and
Yangtze Estuary and Shantung
Shantung.
Shantung.
January,
7
3
11
3
February,
3
1
0
2
0
+ =
4
3
•
March,
14
10
15
8
11
April,
17
13
4
41
13
15
May',
1
1
1
28
12
21
June,
1
1
9
6
19
July,
0
0
0
0
5
August,
0
0
0
September,
October,
November,
December,
0
1
1
1
1
The figures do not always quite agree with those given in Table II because the stations are in some instances too far asunder to show the lines of demarcation on the different sections of the coast, and also because it frequently happens that a station here and there records no fog while others in the same district all record fog. Thus in dealing with the areas over which fog existed on the same day it has been assumed that if the greater part of the stations in a given area recorded fog, or that the record was fairly well distributed over the area the condition of that area was fuggy.
It will be noticed that the percentage of days when fog prevailed along the whole of the China coast on the same day is a small one, the maximum, occurring in April, being only four per cent. Between June and the following February no cases occurred.
The- figures naturally increase as the extent of coast diminishes.
Fogs covering the most extensive areas of the coast on the same day were most frequent in April, except over the area from the Yangtze to Shantung and the Gulf of Pechili when May shows the greatest percentage. April is seen to be a very bad month along the stretch. of coast comprised by the Formosa Channel and mouth of the Yangtze, the prevalence of fog on the same day being very frequent over the whole area. After April it seldom happens that fog embraces the S. coast and Formosa Channel areas at the same time, but they continue till about the middle of June in the area comprise I by the Formosa Channel and the Yangtze districts, and they disappear still later in the section of the coast comprised by the estuary of the Yangtze and the Shantung districts. After the end of July there are practically no fogs covering extensive sections of the cost on the same day. It is in January that they begin to increase again.
283
Annexe A.
REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH ON PLAGUE IN 1905.
;
In my 1904 Report on Plague I went somewhat fully into the questions of the channels of infection and the relation of rat plague to human plague. Experience of the 1905 epi- demic does not suggest any alteration in my previously expressed opinions and I therefore present merely statistics in my Report herewith appended:
It is well known that a new Commission has lately been working in India on Plague and it is to be hoped that when the Report of the Commission is published much light may be thrown on the problems which the study of this disease presents.
The total number of cases of plague in 1905 was 304. The monthly distribution of the cases is shewn by the following Table which also similarly distributes the cases of pre- vious epidemics since 1895.
YEAR.
MONTH.
1895. 1896. 1897. 1898. 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905.
49
9
1
7
1
4
12
125
67
14
1
29
3
9
168
137
125
54
2
115
4
3
316
468
101
94
160
27
272
40
2
344
534
421
326
701 157
515
135
78
13
113
92
514
325
551 194
343
194
87
52
263
209
109
131
96
76
25
86
80
27
50
19
17
57
16
24
2
12
1
心
1
1
2
11
10 10
3
6
January,
February,
March,.
April,
May,
June,
July,
August,
September,
October,
November, December,
5
12
44 1,204 21 1,320 1,486 | 1,087 | 1,651
572|1,415 510 304
My previous Reports on Plague Epidemics in the Colony have been written on the number of cases occurring from January to July inclusive. In orde, therefore, to make figures in this report comparable with those for previous epidemics I have taken a similar period here for the basis of the following statistics.
The total number of cases from January to July was 272 as compared with 472 during the corresponding period of 1904.
NATIONALITY AND SEX.
These 272 cases were made up as follows:
: =སྐ
No. of Cases.
Nationality.
181
Chinese,
Sex. Males,
% for Sex.
Total.
67.53
268
87
Females,
32.47
2
Indian,
Males,
100·0
2
0
Females,
-OKO
Malay,
Males,
100.0
1
0
Females,
Portuguese,
Males, Females,
100.0
1
...
272
272
In 1904 out of the total British and Foreign population, two Indians only were attacked. The above Table is therefore very similar to its corresponding one for the 1904 epidemic.
34.7.
In 1904 the Chinese cases gave a case percentage for males of 65.3 and for females of
281.
DEATH-RATES.
The total death-rate for the epidemic is 941 per cent., as compared with 96-8 per
cent. for 1904.
✓
The following are the percentage death-rates recorded for each epidemic since 1894.
Year,
1894 1896 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905
Death-rate per cent,, 927 89.5 89.0 96.1 95.5 95.2 97.5 88.4 96.8 94.1
Distributed according to nationality and sex the death rates for 1905 are as follows:-
268 cases with 254 deaths=941 % (1904 96·8%)
Chinese,
יי
=94.47% ( 9-.3%) =95.4 % (
%%
181 males
171
""
87 females
83
19
""
Indian,
2 cases 2 males
I death =50
>>
1
= 50°
""
%
95.7° 100.0%) 100.0%
O feniale
nil
nil
1 case
1
,,
=100 %
nil
Malay,
1 male
1
""
""
=100%
nil
0 female
nil
nil
1 case
1
=100 %
nil
Portuguese,
1 male
1
=100 %
nil
O female
nil
nil
The small number of cases amongst nationalities other than Chinese affords no room. for comment.
For the Chinese it will be noticed that the rates for both sexes are somewhat lower than they were in 1901. The female death-rate does not vary s inuch as that for males.
In the years 1903, 1904, 1905 the female death-rates have been 957 per cent., 95.7 per cent., and 95.4 per cent. respectively, and for the males 91.9 per cent., 97.3 per cent., and 9447 per cent., respectively.
TYPES OF THE DISEASE.
Since the beginning of last year all cases of Plague notified to the Medical Officer of Health have been described as either bubonic, septic or pneumonic according to the view which the clinician or the pathologist has seen fit to take of each case.
No doubt such a classification is not strictly logical. There must be overlapping But if this be borne in mind such a classification may be useful especially if several epidemics be compared with each other in this respect.
The following are the figures for 1905 :-
Bubonic.
Septic.
Pneumonic.
Total.
Males, Females,
..137
44
4
185
62
24
1
87
Total, ....199
68
472
In 1904 the figures were:-
Bubonic.
Septic.
Pneumonic.
Total.
Males, Females,
..195
101
13
309
..108
47
8
163.
Total,....303
148
21
472
1
285
"
Expressed as percentages of the total cases for each sex these figures yield the follow-
ing results :-
i
1905.
Bubonic.
Septic.
Pneumonic.
Males,
.....74.05
23.78
2.17
Females, ..........71-28
27.58
1.14
Total, ....73.16
25. 0
1.84
1904.
Bubonic.
Septic.
Pneumonic.
Males, Females,
•
...63.1
32.6
4.2
66:2
28.8
4.9
Total,
.64.2
31.3
4.4
In the
year 1903 only the cases in which a post-mortem examination was made were thus classified. The figures for these which correspond with the above two Tables are:-
Bubonic.
1903.
Septic.
Pneumonic.
Males,
.....59.1
35.9
4.8
Females,
.........64.9
30.9
4.1
Total, .....61.3
34.0
4.5
By further analysis of the cases in 1905 by dividing them into certain age groups the following result is obtained:--
BUBONIC.
SEPTIC.
PNEUMONIC.
CASES.
PER CENT. OF CASES IN EACH AGE PERIOD.
CASES.
PER CENT. OF CASES IN EACH AGE PERIOD.
PER CENT. OF CASES IN
CASES.
EACH AGE PERIOD.
AGE PERIOD.
Males.
Females.
Males.
Females.
Males.
Females.
Males.
Females.
Males.
1
Females.
Males.
Females.
Under 1
year.
1
0
33.3
0
2
0.
66.6
2.
1
65.6
33.3
1 to 5 years.
1
3
25.0
60.0
3
Է:
75.0
40.0
0
¡
0
0
0
5 to 15
18
23
75.0
76.6
6
7
25.0
23.4
· 0
0
0
0
15 to 25
39
12
75.0
70.5
13
5
25.0
23.5
0
0
0
,,
25 to 45
63
15
77.7
75.0
17
10
5
20.9
25.0
1
1.2
0
,,
45 to 60
11
7
63.7
100.0
4
0
25.0
0
1
6.25
0
Over 60
4
2
80.0
40.0
1
3
20.0
60.0
0
0
0
33
Totals,.....
137
62
44
24
1
Total male cases:-137 Bubonic.
44 Septic.
4 Pneumonie.
185
Total female cases :—62 Bubonic.
24 Septic.
87
1 Pneumonie.
- 286
287
The following examples shew how the above Table is to be read. Of all the female cases in the age group 5 to 15 years 76 6 per cent. were returned as of bubonic type and 23.4 per cent. as of septic type.
Again, of all male cases in the age group 25 to 45 years 77.7 per cent. were returned as of bubonic type, 20.9 per cent. as of septic type, and 1.2 per cent. as of pneumonic type.
AGE AND SEX DISTRIBUTION OF PLAGUE.
The following Table shews the number of cases recorded during the year grouped into age periods for males and females, also the number of deaths and the death-rates for each such group :-
TOTAL
AGE PERIOD.
%
CASES.
SEX. CASES.
%
DEATHS.
DEATH-
RATE.
Under 1 year,
CO
6
2:2
m.
f.
co co
3
50.0
3
50·0
co co
3
100.00%
3
100.00%
1 year to 5 years,
9
3.3
m.
f.
40
44.4
4
100.00%
55.6
5
100.00%
5 years to 15 years,.............
54
19.8
m.
24
44.4
24
100.00%
f.
30
65.6
30
100.00%
15 years to 25 years,
69
25.3
m.
52
75.3
46
88.46%
17
24.7
15
88.29%
25 years to 45 years,
101
37.1
m.
81
80.2
75
92-59%
f.
20
19-8
19
95.00%
45 years to 60 years,
23
8.4
m.
16
f.
Over 60 years,.
10
3.6 m.
f.
67
10 10
69.5
16
100.00%
30.5
7
100`00%
5
50.0
5
50·0
10 10
5
100.00%
5
100.00%
Total,....
272
m.
185
68.0
173
93.51%
f.
87
32.0
84
96.55%
257
288
METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA AND PLAGUE.-JANUARY TO July, 1905.
Week.
Mean Temperature.
Relative Humidity.
Sunshine. Hours.
Rainfall. Inches.
Plague Cases.
°F.
%
1,
63.9
73.3
5.5
Nil.
2,
63.3
79.3
6.2
3,
68.0
83.7
3.8
""
•
4,
67.3
78.4
4.8
0.204
5,
52.4
86.8
Nil.
0.055
-
6,
50.8
85.1
0.014
0.012
7,
53.2
75.3
2.9
0.007 -
•
8.
9,
10,
}],
61.3
93.5
0.53
0.069
54.8
79.0
0.24
0.098
13334322N
Nil.
55.4
79.1
0.67
0.028
>>
62.5
90.8
2.90
0.474
12,
59.1
92.7
0.28
0.882
•
13,
62.3
93.7
0.60
0.225
2
14,
59.3
71.7
0.95
0.014
3
15,
67.6
92.3
0.84
0.101
1
16,
70.9
85-1
3.51
0.043
1
17,
72.2
87.5
7.68
0.003
2
!
·
18,
754
84.3
6.35
0'013
8
19,
76.8
82.1
10.84
0.001
18
20,
79.6
81.7
5:04
0.002
19
21.
80.5
76.0
7.7
0.170
19
22,
78.4
88.1
2.7
1.93
21
23,
81.3
85.6
2.3
0.818
21
24,
82.3
75.1
6.5
0.057
26
•
25, 26,
79.4
83.7
2.5
0.783
16
82.3
82.3
9.27
0.017
26
27.
81.4
77-5.
7.6
0.488
19
289
82.5
77.5
9.7
0.012
15
29,
83.0
78.8
9.0
0.094
19
82.1
85.3
45
0.672
10
79.8
87.0
7.5
0.734
5
30,
31,
The figures in the first four columns are weekly means, those in the fifth column shew the total Plague cases recorded each week,
RATS AND PLAGUE.
The systematic examination of rats caught or found dead in the Colony has been con- tinued through the period following that covered by my last Report on Plague.
For the purpose of the following charts* and tables I have taken the whole of twelve months extending from July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905.
The charts and tables therefore shew the rise and fall of plague in human beings and rats from the end of the 1904 Epidemic through the non-plague season to the end of the 1905 Epidemic.
In this respect these charts and tables are comparable with those published in my 1904 Plague Report. Moreover the division of the Colony into different districts for the purpose of these statistics is the same in those charts and tables as in those for 1904.
An examination of these charts and a comparison of them with those for 1904 will shew of course some differences.
Broadly speaking, however, the behaviour of the curves is very similar in the two years and would again point to the conclusion that the connection between rat plague and human plague is not a direct one but through some as yet undecided factor.
W. W. PEARSE, M.D., D.P.H.
* Not printed.
289
TABLE I.-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN Plague. July 31st, 1904,. to August 5th, 1905. City of Victoria. Population=188,659.
Week.
Rats Rats caught. infected.
Per cent. Plague
cases.
1904.
31
270
19
7.04
32
315
18
5.7
33
269
10
3.7
34
328
13
3.9
35
267
8
3.0
36
276
10
3.6
37
272
12
4.4
38-
353
14
3.9
∞21ONDHO
8
3
39
307
8
2.6
40
400
15
3.7
41
341
6
1.7
42
401
5
1.2
43
346
3
0.8
0
44
389
45
417
55
1.2
1.2
0
46
438
11
2.5
47
515
6
1.1
.0
48
551
9
1.6
49
449
10
2.2
1
50
486
7
1.4
1
51
447
10
2.2
0
52
387
2.3
1905.
1
413
9
2.1
1
2
426
6
1.4
0
3
462
10
2.1
500
12
3.4
345
7
2.2
6
215
9
4.1
361
14
3.8
8
404
15
3.7
9
431
19
4.4
10
457
17
3.7
II
466
19
4·0
12
528
17
3.2
13
460
23
5.0
14
473
18
3.8
15
424
16
3.7
16
414
16
3.8
ANHNN HOOCHON O –
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
0
2
0
1
17
435
17
3.9
1
18
440
23
5.2
7
19
487
25
5.1
8
20
404
31
7.6
11
21
390
32
8.2
11
22
445
29
6.5
14
23
436
34
13
24
466
36
7.7
15
25
401
35
8.7
6
26
367
24
6.5
17
27
431
22
5.1
16
28
386
15
3.8
9
29
420
24
5.7
11
30
442
30
6.7
5
31
441
25
5.6
2
こ
290
TABLE I.-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE. July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905. Health District I. Population=13,478.
Week.
Rats Rats caught. infected.
Per
Plague
cent.
cases.
1904.
31
45
3
6.6
1
32
35
1
2.8
0
33
22
0
34
44
3
6.8
0
35
19
1
5.2
1
36
29
2
6.9
1
37
25
12.0
38
41
39
44
40
50
004
7.3
8:0
41
41
2.4
42
32
43
27
44
45
45
39
46
40
1
2.5
47
43
1
2.3
48
34
49
50
50
دة
51
29
52
40
KONNOT
0
4.0
3.6
2.5
1905.
1
49
1
2.0
Nil.
39
0
0
47
3
6.3
53
50
0
30
1
3.3
41
1
2.4
8
37
9
42
0.
10
44
2
4.5
11
47
2
4.2
12
48
4.1
13
54
7.4
14
47
2.1
15
43
2.4
16
37
5.4
17
40
5.0
18
38
2.6
19
33
20
37
21
37
243
6:0
10.8
0
8.1
1
22
38
7-8
1
23
50
6.0
1
24
29
10.3
0
25
43
9.3
26
31
27
51
7.8
28
32
6.6
1
29
59
3.4
30
53
1.8
31
45
1
2.2
291
Table I.-Cases of Rat and HUMAN PLAGUE. August 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905.
Health District II. Population=25,207.
Week.
Rats Rats Per caught. infected. cent.
Plague
cases.
1904.
31
21
32
40
33
46
34
61
35
41
36
35
37
39
38
71
39
38
40
69
41
60
42
73
43
47
44
63
45
61
46
71
47
75
48
88
49
40
50
54
51
46
52.
41
14 OX NWNTNOONOO-ONONN
4.7
0
7.5
1
8.7
3.2
1
8.5
0
5.1
0
8.4
5.2
5.9
3.3
0
3.1
0
1
4.3
0
50
4.3
4.9
1905.
1
39
2.5
1
48
0
46
4.3
53
34
48
47
45
9
40
10
47
11
47
12
39
13
45
HONN 20 N1 20 tri co co co -~
3.7
8.8
4.1
6.3
8.8
7:5
6.3
6.3
OOCOONCOOO
2.5
4.4
14
44
15.8
0
15
36
11.1
0
16
35
11:1
1
17
,42
2.3
0
18
*53
5.6
19
62
6.4
20
41
12-2
2
21
36
22
50
6.0
23
62
8.0
24
50
12:0
25
28
7:0
26
21
27
28
29
ات
30
31
ས ོ ོ ོ ོ ོ
1
4.8
34
3
88
30
1
3.3
46
6
13.0
63
4
6.3
42
VH 43010NNOOO-O
1
:
292
Table I.—Cases OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE. July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905.
Health District III, Population-6,592.
Week.
Rats Rats in- caught.
fected.
Per
cent.
Plague
cases.
1904.
31
20
32
20
5
33
34
2.9
34
16
6.2
35
17
5.8
36
18
1
37
15
38.
19
1
5.2
39
22
9:0
40
15
6.6
41
25
42
27
7.4
43
16
44
17
45
24
46
19
47
24
48
34
2.9
49
27
50
21
51
42
52
23
1
4.3
1905.
1
26
2
7.6
2
17
3
30
£
17
19
6
14
7
15
6.6
8
30
3.3
9
25
8·0
10
21
4.8
11
17
12
31
3.2
13
29
14
21
4.8
15
33
16
34
2.9
17
28
3:5
18
31
19
27
20
18
5.5
21
12
8.3
22
23
8.7
23
19
2
24
26
11.5
25
29
3.4
26
26
27
31
28
36
2.7
29
39
2.5
30
40
5.0
31
41
17.0
:
293
TABLE I-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE. July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905.
Health Districts IV to VIII Inclusive. Population=104,014.
Rats
Rats
Per
Week.
Plague
Caught. infected. cent.
cases.
1904.
31
138
32
164
33
124
34
155
35
149
36
154
37
151
38
174
39
156
40
207*
41
159
42
210
43
191
44
180
45
217
46
202
47
255
48
285
K
49
248
50
261
5
51
233
52
200
00 +0100 01 09 OLA 00 - 20 10 - ÷ 100K+ ON OX
5.8
2
3.6
1.6
3.8
2-7
1.3
3.3
1.1
2:5
3.3
1.2
3
14
0.5
1.6
1.8
2.4
1.17
17
1.2
1.9
1.7.
3
1.5
1905.
1
200
2:0
223
2.2
234
0.8
262
1.5
2
155
2.5
1
95
2.1
183
3.2
8
212
5
2:3
.9
228
11
4.8
10
235
8
3:4
11
227
10
4.4
12
286
9
3.1
13
221
6
2.7
14
229
5
2.1.
15
201
10
4.9
16
205
5
2.4
17
229
10
4.2
18
212
15
7:0
19
254
14
5.1
20
216
14
64
21
229
22
9.6
22
250
17
6.8
23
209
15
7:1
24
280
13
4.6
-*NO 0 10 10 +
4
25
227
23
10.1
1
26
195
12
6.1
12
27.
218
10
4.5
9
28
209
6
2-8
4
29
191
7
3.6
7
30
198
17
8.6
2
31
241
12
4.9
294
TABLE I.-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE. July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905.
Health District IX. Population=25,083.
Week.
Rats
Rats caught. infected. cent.
Per
Plagne
cases.
1904.
31
34
20.6
5
32
35
14:3
1
33
31
3.2
I
34
36
2.7
0
35
33
3:0
0
36
29
6.9
1
37
24.
8.3
1
38
32
0
39
33
0
40
38
41
37
0
42
42
43
46
0
44
63
0
46
52
0
46
72
2.7
0
47
78
1.2
0
48
75
13
0
49
55
3.6
0
50
61
51
62
1.6
52
49
1905.
1
44
67
68
72
49
16
44
49
61
10
71
I l
83
12
77
13
67
14
84
15
70
16
66
17
56
18
64
∞ - KON∞0.00 – IA EXOPN-O
0
15
2.9
1
5.5
1-8
4.5
8.1
1-6
1 0
4.2
3.6
2.6
7.4
0
2.3
1
14
0
4.5
4.7
19
63
3
4.7
20
63
6.3
21
44
9.0
22
50
23
لاة
6
11.5
24
44
+
9.0
25
30
1
33
26
55
6
10.9
27
59
1
1.7
28
42
3
7.1
29
46
8.7
30
50
8.0
31
40
1:0
OON-30 20 0 2 18OOON 50 – O
8
1
295
TABLE I.-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE. July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905.
Health District X.
Population=14,285.
Week.
Rats Rats caught. infected. cent.
Per
Plague
cases.
1904.
31
12
32
11
33
12
34
16
35
9
36
11
37
8
C2~OTIO
12.2
1
18.1
16.6
11.1
9.0
38
16
12.5
39
14
40
21
41
19
5.2
OOOOONOOOO
0
42
17
43
19
10.4
44
21
45
24
4.1
0
46
34
8.8
1
47
40
0
48
35
5.7
49
29
3.4
50
34
51
35
8.5
52
34
5.8
ooooo
1905.
32
1
3.1
32.
0
0
37
1
2.7
43
4.6
38
0
12
8:3
0.
31
1
3.2
0
31
1
3.2
9
35
2
5.7
0
10
39
11
45
2.2
0
12
47
2.1
13
44
13.5
14
48
4.1
15
41
16
37
1
2.7
17
40
3
7.5
18
42
1
2.4
19
48
2
4.1
20
29
10.3
21
32
6.2
22
34
11.7
4
23
44
11.3
2
24
37
18.9
25
44
9:0
26
39
5
12.8
27
38
10.5
28
37
5.4
2
29
39
10.2
30
38
5.2
31
32
3.1
296
TABLE I.-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE. July 31st, 1904, to Augusl 5th, 1905. All Kowloon exclusive of Kowloon City and Sam-shui-po. Population=62,500.
Week.
Rats Rats caught. infected. cent.
Per
Plagne
cases.
1904.
31
32
92
33
39
888
69
1O 1O 1O
5
7.2
1
6
6.5
1
6
8.7
34
88
1
1.1
1
35
106
1.8
I
36
88
4.5
37
81
5
5.1
38
105
11
1.04
39
85
6
7:06
40
103
1
0.9
41
134
3
2.2
1
42
114
2
1-7
1
43
69
5.8
44
142
14
45
120
1
0.8
46
174
1.1
47
300
...
48
280
5
1.8
49
234
...
1
50
219
7
3.2
51
184
6
3.2
52
159
4
25
1905.
12 + 10 30 1- 30 σ)
128
115
128
139
106
30 30 30 + ti
4.7
69
6.2
10 00:
3
2
4
2.9
4
3.7
1
75
7
9.3
145
7.6
198
9
4.5
9
236
16
6.7
10
269
15
5.6
11
232
14
6.0
12
207
12
5.8
13
214
19
8.8
14
176
15
8.5
15
178
11
6.2
16
155
11
7.1
17
156
9
5.8
18
172
12
6.9
19
221
12
5.4
6
20
163
14
8.5
21
157
11
7-0
22
206
18
8.7
23
158
14
8.8
24
169
13
7.7
25
193
16
8.2
26
186
14
7.7
27
152
13
8-5
28
130
13
10.0
29
108
9
8-3
30
127
8
6.3
31
121
13
10.7
3010 3 + 200 60 1- 00 10 20
6
6
3
5
297
TABLE I-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE. July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905.
Kowloon District I.-Tsim-sha-tsui.-European Point. Population=2,000.
Week.
Rats Rats caught. infected.
Per cent.
Plague
cases.
1904.
31
Nil.
Nil.
Nil.
32
33
1
34
1
35
11
36
16
1
5.5
37
8
38
6
166
39
40
14
41
19
42
9
43
.10
44
4
45
5
46
14
47
35
48
49
50
51
52
∞ 5 No ∞ & F
5
2
10
1905.
1
2
3
1
24272 — M
3
...
8
15
1
9
28
10
36
2 -
6.6
7.1
2.8
11
21
12
15
6.6
...
13
25
8:0
14
10
10.0
15
10
16
1
17
7
18
10
19
4
...
20
2
1
50.0
...
21
10
22
10
2
20.0
23
16
12.5
24
12
25
21
26
18
27
28
29
30
31
anubaã
1
5.5
6
1
14.3
20.0
298
TABLE I-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE. July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905.
Kowloon District II.—Tsim-sha-tsui. Chinese Point. Population=
Population=4,760.
Week.
Rats Rats caught. infected.
Per cent.
Plague
cases.
1904.
31.
25
2
8:0
32
42
9.2
Nil. 1
33
21
34
38
35
25
4.0
36
15
1
6.6
37
12
1
6.3
38
15
20.0
39
8
40
14
41
33
1
3.03
42
27
1
43
10
44
24
45
22
46
34
47
34
48.
53
49
45
50
54
ان
35
52
19
1
5.2
1905.
1
29
69
22
18.1
1
25
4.0
24
17
16
31
29
9
37
10
39
11
44
432
12.5
9.7
3.4
10.8
7.7
12
40
13
33
14
31
15
29
16
33
17
33
18
33
19
40
20
47
21
25
22
35
23
27
24
28.
.25
33.
26
27
28
29
30
31
292822
35
32
23
D#ON: 10 po co - co ou os 10/10 20 20 10
4.5
6:06
9.6
...
10.3
6:06
6.06
9-09
6.5
1
6.4
1
4.0
1
3
8.6
1
3
11.1
2
7.7
1
2
9.09
8.5
12.5
26
174
9'09
3.8
299
TABLE I-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE.
Kowloon District III.-Yaumati.
July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905.
Population 20,000.
Week.
Rats Caught. infected.
Rats
Per
Plague
cent.
cases.
1904.
31
19
1
5.2
1
32
19
2
10.5
33
18
34
20
35
30
9-9
36
25
40
37
25
8:0
38
32
93
39
25
12:0
40
25
41
26
1
42
37
2.7
43
31
44
42
45
30
46
45
47
80
48
68
49
50
51.
52
1905.
I
27
2
23
3
37
2893 N300!
70
56
5.3
43
4.6
43
28
26
WNN
7.1
5.4
11.5
1
14
1
7.1
39
54
9
65
10
74
11
12
60
13
14
38
15
39
16
39
17
42
18
41.
19
63
20
39
21
31
22
51
23
33
**ANAR
24
35
IF NO ID OF OF 10 00 OF IN Of On es mi 60 m −1 00 00
3
7.6
3
5.6
10.7
1.3
5.6
6.6
5.4
15.8
15.4
12.6
7.1
6.8
3.1
4
12.8
9:7
4
9.8
4
6.06
2
11.4
3
25
49
12
24.0
26.
48
1
2.1
27
39
28
31
3
9.6
29
23
2
30
36
11.1
4
31
31
9.6
3
300-
TABLE I.-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE. July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905. Kowloon District IV.-Mongkok. Population=8,333.
Week.
Rats Rats caught. infected. cent.
Per
Plagne
cases.
1904.
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
25
}
39
40
41
42
43
44
3
45.
3
46
20
47
21
18
17
49
B
50
12
51
5
52
1905.
1
2
3
1
33.3
5
6
10
12.5
11
12
1
.
20
13
2
40
14
10
1
10
15
5
1
20
16
4
17
18
10
1
10
19
5
20
21
22
2
25
23
24
25
26
20
27
28
29
30
16.6
1
31
20
301
TABLE I.-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905. Kowloon District VI.-Hunghom. Population 9,090.
Week.
Rats Rats caught. infected. cent.
Per Plagne
cases:
1904.
31
9
32
13
33
8
37.5
34
13
7.6
1
35
14
36
13
7.7
37
11
9:0
38
26
7.7
39
21
9.5
40
19
41
23
42
8
43
22
4
17
44
29
45
23
46
47
47
63
48
77
49
42
50
51
51
39.
52
35
1905.
I
28
2
30
3
33
32
༣ :— :
2.5 5.7
7.1
3·0
19
5.3
16
6.25
24
4.1
31
6.4
33
10
41
11
40
12
40
13
39
14
43
00 + 1000 – K
6.06
2.4
7.5.
5·0
10.2
6.9
15
36
16
36
17
33
18
41
19
47
20
31
21
41
22
51
23
42
24
42
25
52
26
40
27
35
28
29
29
30
31
བག
22
22343424425314
5'5
6.06
7:3
8.5
1
9.6
9.7
3.9
1
9.5
9.5
1
3.8
12.5
8.5
3.4
1
18-3
20.
24
4
16.6
302
TABLE I.-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE. July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905. Kowloon District VII.-Kowloon City. Population=5,263.
Week.
Rats Rats Per Plague caught. infected. cent.
cases.
1904.
31
1
1
100
32
10
33
6
:༣།
2
3.33
34
35
6
36
5
37
13
7.7
38
14
7-1
39
9
1
11.1
40
14
41
15
42
: 15
43
13
44
17
5.9
45
12
46
21
4.7
47
30
48
34
5.9
49
12
50
19
51
52
19
2222
5.3
1905.
1
10
2
11
9:09
3
I 1
心
18.1
13
12
8
12
14
9
21
10
26
11
20
12
15
13
15
14
14
15
12
::::
}
16
12
17
10
10.0
18
17
19
14
1
20
10
21
9
22
15
-:-
10.0
6.6
23
14
24
13
1
25
18
5.5
26
18.
27
30
6
20-0
28
12
16.6
29
9
30
14
31
11
18.1
t
303
TABLE I.-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE.
July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905.
Kowloon Districts V and VIII.-Tai-kok-tsui, Fuk-tsan-heung, and Sham-shui-po. Population=10,000.
1
Week.
Rats caught. infected.
Rats
Per
Plague
cent.
cases.
1904.
31
32
33
34
35
12
96792
1
11.0
2
•
36
8
37
6
38
8
39
11
40
9
1
11.0
41
14
42
13
1
7.7
43
14
44
23
1
3.8
45
24
I
4.1.
46
32
1
3.1
47
36
48
28
49
37
50
34
51
30
co co co i
10.7
3
8.8
3
10.0
52
33
1
3.03
1905.
1
29
6.9
10
23 TC7SDO
23
2
8.7
26
1
3.8
22
2
9.09
18
17
18.0
1
30
13.3
38
5.2
9
42
2:3
44
15.9
11
40
10.0
12
37
10.8
13
41
8.7
14
28
1
3.6
...
15
47
...
16
30
2
6.6
17
26
1
3.8
2
18
26
2
7.7
19
30
1
3.3
20
31
1
3.2
3
21
33
3
9.09
3
22
36
11.1
23
29
10.3
2
24
31
9.6
1
25
18
5.5
3
26
14
28.5
27
21
28
29
· 30
31
22222
19
20
1 3 03
14.3
1
15.8
5:0
1.
19
1
5.2
304
TABLE 1.-CASES OF RAT AND HUMAN PLAGUE.-July 31st, 1904, to August 5th, 1905. Kowloon District IX.-Scattered Villages. Population=10,000.
Week.
Rats Rats caught. infected. cent.
Per Plague
cases.
1904.
31
4
...
...
32
...
33
1
1
100
34
1
35
2
36
1
37
...
...
38
...
...
39
...
...
40
41
44
42
...
43
44
45
46
1
47
1
48
49
1
50
51
52
1905.
i
2
3
2
6
...
10
11
6
12
13
1
14
2
15
16
17
2
...
18
1
19
2
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
1
27
6
28
...
...
29
30
I
...
31
9.91
...
...
+
A
•
...
...
2
Date.
305
Table II.-REGISTER OF PLAGUE CASES.
Address.
(i).-In Victoria City.
Date.
A CHUNG'S LANE.
8th July,
Found opposite No. 4.
3rd July,
AMOY LANE.
No. 2.
27th
ARBUTHNOT ROAD.
23rd June, 26th 26th 12th July,
>>
1st May,
Victoria Gaol.
ARSENAL STREET.
17th April, 26th June,
29th May,
No. 3. Found opposite No. 5.
BELCHER'S STREET.
Found near No. 25.
2nd May, 8th 15th 10th June, 27th
""
59
وو
10th June,
CAINE ROAD.
No. 28.
17th July,
CAROLINE ROAD.
17th July,
10th July,
Cotton Mill.
Address.
CONNAUGHT ROAD CENTRAL.
"Loi Yau Ki" matshed in.
DES VEUX ROAD CENTRAL.
No. 182.
Found opposite No. 178.
No. 182.
"Sam Yik" matshed in.
DES VEUX ROAD WEST.
Found opposite No. 312. No. 305.
306.
280.
**
170.
EAST STREET.
No. 35.
ELGIN STREET.
No. 29.
FIRST STREET.
CENTRE STREET.
20th January,
3rd July,
22nd May,
10th June,
Found opposite No. 38. No. 29.
25th
12th 16th 17th
19
Found opposite No. 48.
No. 21.
*
17.
23rd June,
""
29
No. 10.
87.
>>
27.
37
CHEUNG HING STREET.
7th February,
Found in.
10th May, 3rd July,
CHUNG CHING STREET.
3rd July,
No. 1.
CHUNG WO LANE.
27th January,
GOUGH STREET.
No. 17.
GRAHAM STREET.
No. 11.
Found opposite No. 20.
HEUNG LANE.
No. 6.
HILL ROAD.
17th July,
No. 15.
2nd June,
Found opposite Public Mortuary.
19th May, 29th
CIRCULAR PATHWAY,
Found opposite No. 15. No. 24.
21st March,
""
COCHRANE STREET.
1st May, 25th
No. 16.
5th May,
לי
5th June,
25.
29.
"
HING LUNG STREET.
No. 144.
HING LUNG LANE WEST.
Watchmen's Quarters in.
HOLLYWOOD ROAD.
No. 199.
13th May,
CONNAUGHT ROAD WEST.
21st June,
153.
27th
200.
""
27th January,
No. 90.
1st July,
9.
19
19th May,
Found on
66
Wing Chai" wharf in.
No. 68.
18th
151.
"
27
19th
13.
""
20th
149..
دو
24th
5th June,
5th
28th
1st July,
4th
27
Found opposite No. 170.
Found opposite No. 59.
""
149.
25.
22
No. 65.
39
5th
No. 67.
17
5th
120.
>
99
11th
""
65.
""
12th June,
13th June,
KAT ON Street.
No. 10.
KAU Ü FONG South.
No. 6.
Date.
306
J
Table II.-REGISTER OF PLAGUE CASAS.
(i).— In Victoria City,—(Continued.)
Address.
Date.
Address.
KENNEDY ROAD.
QUEEN'S ROAD CENTRAL.
F
19th June,
Matshed near.
KESWICK STREET.
1st July,
28th June,
No. 30.
14th February, 16th May,
No. 275.
QUEEN'S ROAD EAST.
KO SHING STREET.
29th April, 30th June,
No. 24. 70.
18th
3rd June, 12th
""
No. 148.
117.
"2
243.
J+
177.
"
200.
27
LOWER LASCAR Row.
9th June,
No. 46.
LEUNG I FONG.
8th May, 18th 22nd 25th
QUEEN'S ROAD WEST.
No. 64.
115.
17
""
62.
27
29
58.
""
"
27th
Found opposite No. 35.
20th July,
No. 1.
10th June,
No. 365.
14th
LI SING STREET.
28th
30th
2nd May,
Found opposite No. 1.
7th July,
MOSQUE JUNCTION.
17th 27th
""
506.
"
385.
""
477.
27
250.
313.
371.
52
10th June,
No. 41.
NG FUK LANE.
30th May,
24th May, 24th
No. 2. 2.
QUEEN VICTORIA STREET.
No. 6.
RIENAECKER STREET.
""
""
3rd April,
No. 1.
NEW STREET.
RUTTER STREET UPPER.
9th May,
No. 19.
13th May,
No. 2.
NULLAH LANE.
SAI WOO LANE.
14th February,
3rd June,
9th 20th
""
No. 51.
78.. 41. Matshed near.
2nd June, 13th
No. 26.
5..
SAM TO LANE.
PEEL STREET.
17th May, 3rd June, 19th July,
No. 35.
24.
26th June, 4th July, 11th
No. 5.
7.
""
11.
10.
35
POTTINGER STREET.
8th June,
No. 39.
POTTINGER LANE.
5th July, 10th 10th
97
"
19th
">
10th July, 31st
No. 1. 1.
SECOND STREET.
No. 49.
Found near No. 96. Found opposite No. 20.
No. 124.
SHEK KAI LANE,
"
24th May,
No. 4.
POUND LANE.
SHEUNG FUNG LANE.
1st July,
Found opposite No. 6.
PRAYA EAST.
15th June, 10th July,
No. 14.
1.
""
12th June, 13th 15th
""
>>
No. 63. 61. Found opposite No. 6.
SHING WONG STREET.
12th June,
No. 6.
""
SQUARE STREET.
PRAYA KENNEDY TOWN.
1st May,
No. 48.
15th June, 29th
No. 33.
.28.
19
"
Date.
307
Table II.-REGISTER OF PLAGUE CASES.
(i)-In Victoria City,-(Continued.)
Address.
SQUARE STREET,—(Continued.)
Pate.
Address.
TUNG TAK LANE.
14th July, 19th
""
8th May, 15th
3rd April,
No. 47. 32.
STAUNTON STREET.
No. 37. 35.
32
SUTHERLAND STREET.
No. 8.
SWATOW LANE.
20th July,
Found near.
TUNG WO LANE EAST.
31st May, 31st
No. 3. 3.
24th May, 29th
""
26th May,
2nd June,
"
WANCHAI ROAD.
No. 73. 63.
""
WELLINGTON STREET.
No. 95..
89.
116.
172.
· 194.
2nd January,
No. 8.
TAI WO STREET.
5th June,
No. 14.
28th 3rd July, 5th
27
TAI WONG LANE.
5th June,
No. 6.
31st January, 22nd July,
THIRD STREET.
5th June, 15th 19th July,
No. 3.
58.
9th February, 11th May,
**
53.
WEST STREET,
Found opposite No. 42.
No. 39.
WING LOK STREET.
Found opposite No. 31. No. 233.
WING KUT STREET.
TRIANGLE STREET,
30th May, 30th
No. 9.
9.
17th June, 28th July,
No. 12. 28.
"
WING ON STREET.
TORSIEN STREET.
1st July,
No. 39.
23rd February,
Found opposite No. 23.
4th May,
No. 17.
WING WO STREET.
13th 15th
16.
""
"
20.
20th May,
No. 30.
""
7th July,
6.
""
1
WONG NEI CHUNG ROAD.
TSUNG SAU LANE EAST.
7th July,
No. 8.
5th June,
Found in.
Dute.
19th May,
15th June,
21st February,
26th May, 16th July,
Address.
(ii).--In Harbour.
Fd. Breakwater. Causeway Bay.
Date.
""
""
Found on buoy in.
8th June,
8th
>>
BOATS.
Rowing boat No. 4160.
13th
23rd
""
4906.
1st July, 13th
""
Address.
BOATS, Continued.
—
Unlicensed boat.
Cargo boat No. 997.
Boat No. 3554.
Fishing boat No. 19147.
7189.
>>
>>
1
Date.
9th May,
14th 26th 30th
39
""
"
13th June, 19th
Date.
308
Table II.-REGISTER OF PLAGUE CASES.
(iii). -In Tsim Sha Tsui District.
TSIM SHA TSUI DISTRICT.
Adress.
Date.
Address.
AUSTIN ROAD.
HILLSIDE.
No. 18.
19th January,
Found near Fo Pang.
"
19. 10.
MACDONNELL ROAD.
Found opposite No. 7.
No. 4.
Found in.
8th January, 3rd July,
Found at the rear of.
Found in.
(iv).In Yaumati District.
Add ess.
Date.
BATTERY STREET.
31st January,
Found near Gas Works.
27th June,
5th July,
Found, at the end of.
No. 57.
23rd June, 12th July, 31st
">
29
""
13th June, 20th July,
31st
""
KENNEDY STREET.
10th April, 29th May, 6th Juue,
19th 21st
""
No. 47.
16.
14.
KOWLOON ROAD.
་་
1st July,
10th January,
Found in a drain.
11th
13th
KUN CHUNG.
24th
""
24th
:
29
13th June,
No. 151.
25th
31st
..
PRAYA.
9th May, 10th
""
Found at..
No. 59.
26th May, 13th July, 18th
23
10th May, 25th
RECLAMATION STREET.
No. 7.
72.
99
3rd June, 1st July,
60.
29
184.
21st May, 24th June,
13th
115.
"
""
18th 25th
176.
""
208.
10th June,
"
Da e.
(v).-In Mong Kok Tsui District.
Address.
Date.
Address.
STATION STREET NORTH.
No. 53. 32.
Found near Pumping Station.
STATION STREET SOUTH.
Found at the South end of.
No. 143.
124.
149.
69.
Found near No. 91.
No. 89.
Found opposite No. 123.
No. 87.
97.
114.
79.
35
TEMPLE STREET NORTH.
No. 30. 34.
""
Kowloon Public Mortuary.
TEMPLE STREET SOUTH.
Found near.
in.
UN CHOW VILLAGE.
No. 27.
Address.
MACDONNELL ROAD.
STATION STREET,
7th April, 25th July,
Found at the rear of. No. 156.
11th January, 29th May, 29th
No. 47.
171.
205.
>1
PORTLAND STREET.
9th June,
211.
13th
167.
"?
20th January,
No. 40.
30th
227.
""
26th January,
19th June,
RECLAMATION STREET.
Found in.
No. 202.
309
Table II.-REGISTER OF PLAGUE CASES.
(vi).-In Tai Kok Tsui District.
In New Territory,-Continued.
Date.
Address.
Date.
Address.
7th June, 14th
>>
22nd May,
FORESHORE.
SHAM SHUI Po.
Found on.
2nd February, 10th 18th May,
8th
No. 128.
136.
""
""
51.
""
Matshed in.
SAI KOK,
KRAMER STREET.
No. 24.
(vii).—In Hung Hom District.
20th May,
No. 63.
WANG STREET.
Date.
Address.
22nd May, 7th July,
No. 37. 7.
"
COOKE STREET.
(ix).-In Kowloon City District.
3rd July,
· No. 33.
Date.
Address.
DES VEUX ROAD.
8th May, 19th
Matshed in.
""
""
">
FORESHORE.
31st March, 1st May, 11th ""
""
26th June,
Found near Tai Wan.
HUNG HOM.
28th March,
30th May,
Found on vacant ground in.
KOWLOON CITY ROAD.
26th July,
14th June,
Matshed in.
CHEUNG SHA WAN.
Found foreshore at. Boat-building yard.
HOK LO TSÜN.
No. 123.
KOWLOON CHAI
No. 44.
KOWLOON CITY.
""
To KWA WAN.
15th May,
Found on Launch wharf in.
No. 139.
26th June,
(viii).-In New Territory.
11th June,
SAI KUNG ROAD.
Found in Road.
SHEK KU LING.
Date.
Address.
20th June,
No. 5.
Sham Shui Po District.
BLACKSMITH LANE,
13th May,
WALLED CITY.
No. 12.
17th May, 22nd
Found in.
No. 40.
CHING STREET.
(x).—In Shaukiwan District.
30th May,
No. 11.
FUK TSUN HEUNG.
Date.
Address.
26th April,
No. 13.
SHEUNG WAI.
20th July.
19th June, 20th
No. 89.
SHAUKIWAN.
Matshed in.
SHAUKIWAN WEST.
77.
""
20th
77.
20th May,
Found opposite No. 9.
""
""
- 310
Table II.-REGISTER OF PLAGUE CASES.
(xi).— In Stanley District,
Date.
Address.
Date.
(xiii).—In Peak District.
Address.
TAI TAM TUK.
PEAK ROAD.
18th May,
"I Wo "matsbed in.
4th February,
"Coolies Quarters." Mount Austin
Barracks.
(xii).-In Aberdeen District.
Date.
12th June,
5
Address.
STANLEY ROAD.
Found in Road.
(xiv).—Cases with no Fixed Abode.
Two cases found on May 12th, & July 1st.
311
Annexe B.
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF THE GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL.
GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL.
Staff.
Several changes have occurred in the Staff during the past year.
Dr. E. A. R. LAING, Assistant Superindendent, left the service in July and was succeeded in the Hospital by Dr. W. KоCH, who took up the duties of Assistant Superintendent in October, the Superintendent being in sole charge during the interval.
Sister STOLLARD left on home leave in April and Sister GORHAM returned from England in October. Sisters FRANKLIN and DEWAR resigned the service and were succeeded by Sister BARROW and RICHARDS in April and December.
The Matron, Miss BARKER, proceeded to Japan on two months' vacation leave in August.
Probationer Nurses GEARY, ROBERTS and PAGE resigned and Nurse POOLE joined during the year, the other two vacancies being still unfilled.
Mr. FRANKLIN, Apothecary and Assistant Analyst, was granted short leave. Wardmaster COOMBS was transferred to the Sanitary Department and was succeeded by Wardmaster EGERTON in June.
Buildings.
Besides the usual minor repairs the whole of A Block was overhauled in the early part of the year, the wards being painted and colour-washed and the lavatories, in part, tiled. This necessitated closing the upper floor for some time. The cleansing stopped short of the exterior of the building which, I believe, is to be done this year. B Block was painted in 1904.
General Statistics.
The total number of admissions was 2,704 as against 2,585 last year; the in- crease would have been more but for the fact that owing to repairs it was necessary to close two general and two private wards for some time.
The total number of out-patients was 14,976 as against 13,706.
Attached are the following tables :-
Table
""
11
I.-Showing admissions and deaths during each month. II.--Showing operations performed.
III.-Showing admissions and deaths under respective diseases. IV. Showing admissions and deaths in the Maternity Hos-
pital.
V.-Showing varieties of malaria met with in each month. The following Table gives the number and class of patients admitted during the last ten years as well as the total number of the deaths :-
YEAR.
1896. 1897. 1898. 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905.
Police,
Paying Patients,
Government Servants, Police Cases,
Free,
Board of Trade,
588 529 488 692 920 937 938 759 707 726 632 603 741 764 891 830 931 777 772 807 269 227 186 208 266 339 460 319 267 271 244 299 306 306 347 348 300 276 262 329 778 742 785 739 569 466 454 646 555 512
87 45 65 25 37 28
25
17
22
59
Total,
2,598 2,445 2,571 2,734 3,030 2,948 3,108 2,794 2,585 2,704
Total Deaths,
143 119 138 1.14 155 153 140 142 128 150
312
This shows as compared with last year an increase under all headings but "Free".
There were 150 deaths during the year which gives a mortality rate of. 5.5 Of these deaths 51 cases were moribund on adınission and died within per cent. twenty-four hours.
The average daily number of sick was 90.01 as against 93.94 last year.
The number of women and children admitted was 272 as against 238. The death-rate was the same, viz. :-9.2 per cent.
The nationalities of persons admitted were as follows:-
Europeans-848 as against 784.
Indians and Coloured-737 as against 644.
Asiatics (Chinese and Japanese)-1,119 as against 1,157.
Diseases.
The following more important diseases were responsible for the greatest
number of admissions:-
Fevers:-
Malarial,
...267
Febricula,
.120
Typhoid,
30
Venereal Diseases,
153
Diseases of Respiratory System,
247
Diseases of Digestive System,
233
Dysentery,
....110
Beri-beri,
43
Rheumatism,
87
Alcoholism,
65
Injuries,
...544
The following diseases caused the greatest number of deaths :—
Diseases of Respiratory System,
Diseases of Digestive System,
Diseases of Urinary System, Beri-beri,
Injuries and burns,
... 25
11
7
8
50
Malarial Fever.-277 cases against 234 in 1904. Of this number, 267 were in for the disease itself and 10 others developed the illness whilst under treatment for other ailments (dysentery 5, wounds 3, beri-beri 1, anæmia 1). According to nationalities 66 cases were in Europeans, 137 in Indians, 60 in Chinese and 14 in Japanese. There is an increase this year though the increase is slight, the malarial cases as compare with the number of patients in hospital being 10.2 per cent. as against 9.05, a marked contrast to 1901 when they were 26.6 per cent. There can be no question that the war waged by the authorities against the mosquito has given as good results here as anywhere else, more marked in some localities than in others. The western end of Bonham Road, which used to supply us with very bad cases both in Europeans and their servants has not sup- plied a single admission this year which is another proof, if any is now needed, of the possibility of doing away with this tropical ailment. Only 3 deaths occurred-one in a child of 6 months and the others in adults already much debilitated by previous illness. As will be seen by Table VIII the malignant variety here as elsewhere is much the most common variety and the disease is more prevalent in the latter half of the year.
Febricula-120 cases, as against 128 in 1904, appear under this heading with one death. A few of these cases no doubt are malarial fever in patients well under the influence of quinine before coming to hospital so that no parasites are found in their blood after repeated examinations but the bulk of them are cases in which fever is the only symptom and for which no cause can be assigned. The fatal case resembled typhoid fever clinically but the Widal reaction was negative and the bacteriological tests undertaken after death by Dr. HUNTER were also negative.
313
Typhoid.-30 cases with 6 deaths. Two of these cases are doubtful. They both resembled the disease clinically but the Widal reaction was negative and the post-mortem signs nil, including a bacteriological examination of the spleen in one case. We held, however, to the clinical side of the cases. Of the cases 12 were imported. The nationalities were Europeans 19, Indians 3, Chinese 3 and Japanese 5. If we exclude the two doubtful cases the death-rate of 14.3 per cent. is a decided improvement on what generally prevails in the tropics. Ouly one case had a relapse-a German. This nationality take the disease very severely in their own country and this peculiarity they bring with them to the tropics as they are generally the worst cases we have. One death was due to perforation and the others to toxæmia. Widal's test was employed in all the cases but one and I am much indebted to Dr. HUNTER for carrying out the test for us.
ese.
Dysentery. -110 cases with 3 deaths as compared with 106 and 6 deaths in 1904. Of this number, 53 were Europeans, 37 Indians, 15 Chinese and 5 Japan- All the fatal cases were of the amoebic variety. Cases occurred all through the year being however more frequent in June, July and August. Though the cause, or causes, of tropical dysentery is still to a certain extent an unsettled question the matter is I think nearing a solution. Personally I am of opinion that there are but two forins, amoebic and bacillary. Since 1903 I have examined micros- copically a large number of stools, over 500, and I have never found ambæ in any but those showing dysenteric symptoms. In a few cases eggs of Ascaris Lumbricoides, Ankylostoma Duodenale, Distoma Sinense, Tricocephalus Dispar and the Cercomonas Intestinale have also been found but they are mere coinci- dences and invariably persist after the dysentery is cured and require, where possible, separate treatment.
As to the prevalence of one form more than the other since July, 1903, 245 cases have been examined of which 166 were bacillary and 79 amoebic so that as found by ROGERS in India the former is more prevalent. This is fortunate as it is far less serious a complaint in the great majority of cases. It is obviously impossible for us here to isolate the bacillus in each case so that I cannot say what special bacillus or group of bacilli produce the bacillary form. In a very few cases the disease is of a virulent type and the patient rapidly succumbs to the toxœmia but as a rule this form is much milder, auswers readily to saline or other treatment and does not relapse. Probably like most bacillary diseases one attack confers an immunity, much the same as typhoid. Of the Police whose history we are able to follow 29 cases were adinitted to hospital of which 18 were of the bacillary type and none of these had a relapse though one came in in January and again in October with amoebic dysentery showing that one forin affords no protection against the other, as one would imagine.
The amabic variety is the less revalent form and fortunately so as it is a much more serious complaint, more difficult and more tedious to treat-in some cases I doubt whether they are ever cured by anything short of removal out of the tropics-and attended by a complication in the shape of liver abscess which may, I think, be looked upon as one of the most serious tropical ailments we have to deal with. The post-mortem appearances explain how unamenable these cases may be to treatment for the amoebae are found to burrow deeply through all the coats of the intestine ending in some cases in perforation, and to attack the cæcum first. Any rectal injections in these cases never get near the seat of the mischief and this accounts for their failure in most cases to do any good. The only chance of a cure lies in some drug through the blood stream poisoning the parasite, and this drug has yet to be found. I tried several cases with a daily rectal injection of quinine and 5 grains in pill form every 4 hours by the mouth in an endeavour to saturate the system with the drug for some time. In most cases this treatment was not of marked benefit though in others a certain amount of success resulted. The best results were obtained with the Indian Police who come in early. It is not always easy to say when a case is cured for we have had patients leave us with normal stools without any trace of amoeba to return in a very short time with the trouble as bad as ever-in one case 3 times. It is important to differentiate the two kinds of dysentery though it is perhaps diffi- cult to do so, except in hospital, as it will generally be found that a relapse of amoebic dysentery should mean an immediate removal from the tropics, as far as Europeans are concerned. Sooner or later other attacks occur with the consequat anæmia if not the more formidable complication of liver abscess. To send a case
314
of amoebic dysentery from one part of the tropics to another for a change is bad treat- ment as most of the cases sent to us in this way, when it was just as easy to send them home, have certainly had their change but it has been to a country where "nothing matters' The question as to what percentage relapses forin is not easy to say as so many of the hospital cases disappear from notice. The Police figures are small but they give 10 per cent. Liver abscess due to amœbæ is à much more frequent complication than is generally supposed judging from the records of this hospital. We have had 11 cases against 73 of amoebic dysentery since June, 1903, ¿e, 15 per cent., and the number is probably greater as it is diffi- cult to get statistics relating to Chinese in this Colony. I was in hopes that a differential blood count might be of use in distinguishing the two forms theorising that there might be an increase of Eosinophiles due to the amoeba as a parasite but practically this was not borne out. The latent form mentioned by ROGERS rarely occurs here but we had one case which was interesting. An Indian was admitted with fever and vague pains in the abdomen. The blood was negative for malaria and there were no physical signs. For several days (4) the fever con- tinued and noticing there was a slight increase in the number of stools (3 daily) though the patient made no complaint of diarrhoea the stools were examined mi- croscopically when blood and mucus cells were found together with numerous amæbe both mobile and encysted forms. The patient went through an attack of dysentery and recovered. But for an examination of the stools the case would have been overlooked.
We are still in the dark as to how dysentery spreads and I have not even a theory to put forward. Neither variety assumes an epidemic form here and the cases occur all over the Colony throughout the year though there are more cases in June, July and August. These facts exclude the water as a carrier of the infection so that as with typhoid in this Colony one is inclined to fall back on the "raw vegetable" theory. The Chinese suffer much less from both forms, according to our figures, than the Europeans and Indians. The mobile form of the amoeba die rapidly in the stool but the encysted form are much hardier and must be the means of spreading the disease. The question for the future to solve is whether they do not undergo some change in a suctorial insect and so get passed on to man, in a similar manner to malaria. In these days of theories I put forward this one for what it is worth as it seems to me to fit in with the etiology of amoebic dysentery better than any other one.
Malignant New Growths.-14 cases have been under treatment. As so much interest is now being taken in this subject and the question of native races suffer- ing from the disease being in dispute I append a list of all our cases with parti- culars, the diagnosis in all but two having been settled microscopically by Dr.
HUNTER:
European male, aged 42-Dis. of omentum, etc.
female,
Portuguese female,
97
male,
Chinese male,
36--Chorion epithelioma.
41-Sarcoma of neck.
3-Sarcoma duodenum and liver. 33-Epithelioma of penis.
✰
>>
""
:)
32-Colloid cancer of mesentery.
21
""
"
11
""
""
12
·
"}
female,
>>
>"
55
39-Sarcoma hard palate, etc.
22-Sarcoma of arm.
39-Carcinoma of liver.
53-Epithelioma of tongue.
40 Carcinoma of liver.
28- Sarcoma of leg.
50-Epithelioma of penis. 35-Schirrus of breast.
The last case was one of recurrence after an operation done here in 1904. This Table shows that Chinese at any rate do not enjoy any immunity over other
races.
Pernicious Anaemia.-9 cases with 5 deaths. Though we have cases diagnosed under this heading before not much attention has been paid to them.
This year, however, they have all been carefully studied in view of the possibility that they might be due to Leishman-Donovani bodies or human piroplasmosis as suggested by Dr. HUNTER. Nothing of the kind, however, was found either by ordinary blood examination or by spleen puncture before death or at the post-mortem. All
315
•
cases were Indian adults.. It is safe to infer that the disease does not occur bere in Europeans as we should undoubtedly meet with or hear of them. As to whether it occurs in Chinese I cannot say but none have come under our notice. Every case was typical of the disease as described by ADDISON as far back as 1851 and more recently by HUNTER of the London Fever Hospital. In none of them was there any previous illness to account for the disease. The ages varied between 20 and 30 and they were all males. The blood in each case was carefully examined and the results correspond with those found at home. The hæmoglobin varied from 40 to 15 per cent. and the color index from 1.8 to 0.9, being above I in all cases but one. The red cells varied between 2,000,000 and 500,000, and the leucocytes from 2,000 to 1,000 with a large increase in the lymphocytes (68 to 45 per cent.). In all there were poikilocytosis, granular and polychromatophilic degeneration, with numerous megalocytes and megaloblasts. The post-mortem signs were practically nil either macroscopically or microscopically but in several cases the liver gave
the iron reaction. In three of them there was marked stomatitis and ulceration of the mucous membrane of the mouth but unlike HUNTER'S cases these were secondary and only occurred after the disease was well marked.
Heart Disease' (Valvular).—25 cases were under treatment of which 10 were Chinese, 6 Indians and 9 Europeans. The ordinary causes which obtain at home, rheumatic fever and the exanthemata, being out of the question here one falls ⚫ back on one of other causes, viz., Syphilis, which I suppose must be credited with giving rise to the bulk of valvular mischief in Chinese, We had one case of ma- lignant endocarditis in a European in which the patient died suddenly of cerebral embolism. Post-mortem the mitral valve was found extensively affected and a. smear taken from this resembled a pure culture of pneumococcus.
Aneurism.-Three cases were under treatment. The aortic case died suddenly from rupture into the pleural cavity, the femoral recovered after ligature of the external iliac and the brachial was cured, under Dr. Koch, by dissecting out the complete sac.
Phthisis.-47 cases of this serious malady have come under treatment-11 Europeans, 15 Indians, 15 Chinese and 6 Japanese.
Appendicitis.4 cases of which a European and a Chinese died from perito- nitis and the other two recovered without operation.
Liver Abscess. cases with three deaths compared with one case last year. The causation of this disease is still sub judice in some minds, but I think enough evidence has now been adduced both here and elsewhere to show that it is entirely and solely due to the amoeba dysenteria and forms one of the worst and most serious complications of intestinal amoebiasis. I have under dysentery alluded to this already and given our figures. There is little doubt that most medical men treating these cases would be of the same opinion but for the fact that some of them probably are not familiar with the appearance of the parasite and are possibly also unaware that the amoeba may not be found in the pus when the abscess is first incised but are easily detected in a day or two especially if a scraping from the wall is taken. In all of our cases they were present and in 2 of the cases were also found in the stool the patients being the subject of dysentery at the time. Liver abscess is with us a very fatal disease but many cases are brought here in the last stage of the disease. Since 1900 we have had 27 cases with 12 deaths, i.e., 444 per cent. a high rate. Two of the cases were interesting inasmuch as the pus showed large numbers of amoeba but there were no traces of old or recent dysentery in the large or small intestine. COUNCILMAN and LAFLEUR proved the power of the amœbe to work its way through the bowel wall into the peritoneal cavity and be carried along towards the lymphatics of the under surface of the diaphragm and so to the upper surface of the liver suggesting indirect infection from the bowel across peritoneal cavity with or without adhesions previously forming and this no doubt happened in the two cases above mentioned. All the abscesses were in the substance of the liver. In one, a Chinaman, the main abscess consisted practically of solid pus, a very rare occurrence, so that aspiration failed to detect the condition and it would have been an impossible one to treat. Most of these cases are fairly easily diagnosed but in a certain number the question is a difficult one to decide.
One naturally turns to a blood count as a help and in most cases it is of great assistance taking the relative count of white to red and taking the normal as being between 1 to 1,000 and 1 to 715, ie., 5,000 to 7,000 white corpuscles. In 3 cases in which the count was made the relation was 1 to 269, 1 to 520 and 1
316
to 413 respectively. The neutrophilic leucocytes are always in excess as well, so that possibly assistance may be derived from this method which will help, taken of course in conjunction with the clinical history of the case. Unfortunately none of these "blood tests" are to my mind sufficiently positive to enable one to rely on them in doubtful cases-the only time a clinician wants help-as one of our dysenteric cases developed symptoms pointing to liver abscess and the blood count gave 16,000 white cells. The patient, however, recovered without any abscess and is now well. As with the Widal reaction for typhoid so with these blood counts it is to be wished they were "positivus aut nihil.”
Fractures. The following were treated during the year :-
Thigh,.....
Leg,.
Arm, Forearm,
Skull,.......
Ribs.
Clavicle,.
Patella,
Scapula.
Jaw,
Finger,
Shoulder,
Elbow,
Jaw,
10
11
5
6
15, with 12, deaths.
3
3
1
1
1
1
Dislocations.-The following were under treatment :—
6
2
1
1
Thumb,
Injuries.-544 cases with 41 deaths. They were many and various, some very trivial and others serious. There were 7 cases of bullet wounds of which two were fatal, both patients being shot through the abdominal cavity. Dynamite explosion accounted for 4, one of which was fatal. They were all in fishermen.
Parasites.-The two of interest which came under our notice were the Disto- ma Ringeri and Rhizoglyphus parasiticus. The former occurred in a Japanese from Formosa who is still in the Colony and still the subject of the disease. The latter was found by myself for the first time in this Colony which adds to its in- terest as far as we are concerned. It is a somewhat unknown parasite and not mentioned in any of the standard works on Tropical Disease and is known as the "water itch." It occurred in 3 cases here all on the feet where it gave rise to superficial ulceration with a tendency to formation of burrow. The parasite is not very easily found as they are not numerous. An illustration appears in MAX BRAUN's work "Die Thierischen Parasiten des Menschen" and an account of one of our cases was illustrated in the "British Medical Journal" of November 11th, 1905.
Operations.
216 were performed during the year. Amongst the more important were:—
Liver Abscess.-3 cases, with 2 deaths.
Amputation of the Thigh.-3 cases, all recovered. They were done for severe compound fractures in which every endeavour was made to save the limb but as the patients were all sinking from septicemia the operation was done by Dr. Kocн, Assistant Superintendent, with, I am glad to say, a successful result in each case as far as life was concerned.
Lethotomy.-Two cases with one death. Both were in Chinese.
Strangulated Hernia.-One case, successful.
Abdominal Section.-Two cases for bullet wounds, both fatal, and one explo- ratory, which case recovered.
317
Ligature of the External Iliac Artery.-This was successfully done for femoral
aneurism.
open method
Anaesthetics.--Chloroform was administered 158 times all by the and without any fatal result.
fatal result. Local anesthesia was also frequently employed for minor operations.
Vaccinations.
The following were performed during the year:
Primary cases.........181 Successful, 45 Unsuccessful,-Total 226. Re-Vaccinations......138
"9
88
Radiography.
The new apparatus duly arrived from home and has been installed. We are now able to work the machine from the electric mains, and so far it has worked uniformly well and is a great improvement on the former method with accumu- lating batteries.
I desire to thank all the members of the staff who have so ably assisted me during the year as well as those members of the community who have kindly pre- sented books, papers, flowers, etc., to the patients.
The usual Appendix of interesting cases is attached.
MATERNITY HOSPITAL.
67 cases were under treatment with 2 deaths. Of this number 37 were paying patients, 20 free and 11 the wives of Government servants. Of the children born alive 30 were boys and 28 girls. The two fatal cases were both Chinese and death was due in each case to placenta prævia. This class of patient unfortunately never realises the gravity of this complication and almost invariably apply too late for relief.
SICKNESS IN POLICE.
There were 726 admissions as against 707 in 1904, or 74.84 per cent. of the Force were under treatment as against 75.61.
There were 9 Europeans less, 74 Indians more and 46 Chinese less admitted. The average stay in hospital was 7.4 days per man.
Table VI gives the admissions and deaths from the various sections of the Force.
Table VII gives the sick and mortality rate in percentage of strength for the last ten years.
Table VIII gives the admissions into aud deaths in the Government Civil Hospital during each month of the year.
There were 10 deaths as compared with 4 last year. Of these, 3 occurred in the European Section, 3 in the Indian and 4 in the Chinese. The causes of death were Heart Disease (2 Europeans), Heat stroke (European), Phthisis and Tuber- culosis (3 Indians), Beri-beri (2 Chinese), Cancer (Chinese), after operation for stone in the bladder (Chinese).
There were 18 cases of invaliding-2 European, 9 Indian and 7 Chinese. The reasons for invaliding were:-Retinitis (1), Delusional Insanity (1), Phthisis (5). Bronchitis (3), Beri-beri (5), Heart Disease (1), Chronic Diarrhœa (1), Senile Debility (1).
318
Malaria.--125 admissions as against 107 in 1904 or 12.8 per cent of the Force were in hospital for this disease as against 11.55. The European Section suffered to the extent of 4.5 per cent., the Indian 25.9 per cent. and the Chinese 5.5 per cent. These figures show a slight increase over those of last year (11·55 per cent.). The percentages for the last five years are!—
1901=44.69; 1902–19.97; 1903—18.13; 1904=11.55; 1905-12.8.
None of the Europeans were in more than once for this illness, a fact worth noting by the writers on that theoretical subject "Immunity to Disease,” as the idea that native races are comparatively insusceptible to malaria is not our experi- ence here. Of the Indians 1.9 per cent. were in twice, 0.9 per cent. three times and 0.4 per cent. four times. Of the Chinese Section 1.4 per cent. had two attacks, and 0.9 per cent. four. There has, therefore, been a slight increase in malaria during the year as well as a slight increase in the repeat cases (1.9 per cent. as against 1.8 per cent. in 1904). The study of repeat cases is interesting but it adds considerably to one's difficulty in placing each case admitted to its right station. For instance an Indian policeman was in with quartan malaria in Jan- uary, April and May. In January he came from Stanley, was transferred from there to Central on 8th April and returned to hospital on the 24th April. This entry was credited to Stanley though 16 days is a fairly long incubation period. In May, 30 days afterwards, he was in again from Central with same form of malaria. Were these attacks all one and the same infection? No resting form has yet been described for either Quartan or Simple Tertian malaria and in this case the 3rd entry was considered a fresh infection and duly credited to Central but I am still doubtful if this is correct as Quartan malaria is a very rare form indeed and it is very improbable that he would contract both a rare form and the same form as before. There are a few other cases somewhat equally dubious. Six cases had crescents in their blood on admission but of this number only one re- turned to hospital with the same illness.
Table IX gives the admissions compared to strength for the most important stations in the New Territory for the past five years and Table X the monthly admissions for malarial fever from each Police Station during the year.
The former Table shows an increase in Sha Tau Kok, Au Tau and and Ping- shan. The amount of malaria prevalent in the New Territory, or parts of it, is very high-higher than these figures would give the impression-Sha Tin, San Tin, Tai O, and Sheung Shui have had no admissions to hospital for malaria so that the remaining five stations are responsible for an admission rate of over 40 per cent. as compared with the strength, a very high figure. Owing to the con- ditions prevalent malarial prevention must be a question of individual prophylaxis, always a difficult matter to carry out especially with the native sections, and from these figures it would not appear to be a success. Of the number admitted from these five stations the European section suffered to the extent of 50 per cent., the Indians 40.5 per cent., and the Chinese 38.8 per cent.
The average number of days spent by each man in hospital for this disease was 5.1 against 5.7 last year.
Phthisis.-6 cases were under treatment as against 4 last year. Of this number 2 died and the others were invalided.
Dysentery.-29 cases were under treatment as against 28 last year. 2 were Europeans, 19 Indians and 8 Chinese,
Of these,
Beri-beri.-16 cases all as usual amongst the Chinese section. The outstations again had a clean bill. of health, the cases coming from the Central (10 cases) and Yaumati (6 cases). I have no further light to throw on this disease and not even a theory to put forward. It seems to me that,
It seems to me that, if any further scientific investiga- tion is to be undertaken towards solving the cause of this disease it should be done in the case of the police as the numbers are few and the men are all under the same circumstances as regards housing, work, food, etc.
319
Typhoid Fever.-Only one case occurred in a Chinaman. He went through a very severe attack but eventually recovered.
Other ailments.-These call for no special mention.
SICKNESS IN GAOL STAFF.
There were 82 admissions out of a staff of 119, or 68.9 per cent. against 58.4 per cent. last year. One death from tuberculosis occurred in an Indian guard. Three Indians were invalided for phthisis and one for chronic rheumatism and one European for heart disease.
SICKNESS IN SANITARY STAFF.
There were 35 admissions as against 29 in 1904. No deaths occurred and no invaliding was done amongst the more important members of the department. One or two Chinese on temporary engagement were not kept on owing to their being attacked with beri-beri, heart disease, etc.
J. BELL, Superintendent,
Table. I.-Admissions into and Deaths in the Government Civil
Hospital during each month of the
year.
EUROPEANS.
INDIANS &c.
ASIATICS.
MONTH.
TOTAL ADMISSIONS.
TOTAL DEATHS.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
Remaning 31st Decem-
ber, 1904,
33
1
14
1
42
January,
66
5
49
2
73
February,
58
33
62
March,
58
62
61
April,
58
May,
84
June,
84
July,
107
August,
66
September,.
70
October,
60
November,
60
December,
44
AG: WOA COLO
60
83
47
111
56
105
70
108
14
60
85
10
66
106
74
100
5
81
100
65
1
83
277B9rbtoma co na
89
4
188.
14
153
12
181
9
201
14
242
12
5
245
11
285
22
211
14
3
242
7
234
10
241
13
192
1
Total,..
848 35 737
26 1,119
89
2,704
150
320
Table II.-Operations performed in the Government Civil Hospital.
SURGICAL OPERATIONS.
OPERATIONS ON ORGANS or LocoMOTION :—
Amputation of Thigh,
"
>>
21
و,
""
""
""
Leg, Toes, Forearm,
Hand,
,, Fingers,
Opening knee joint,
Warty tumour of foot,
NUMBER
- 00
3
DEATHS.
1
1
1
10
1
2
hand,
1
REMOVAL OF TUMOURS:-
Buboes, Incised,
14
Removed or Seraped,
14
Sarcoma of arm,
2
Cysts,
Carbuncle,
Epithelioma of lip,
Schirrus of Breast,
Polypus (Nasal,
(Uterine),
Fibromata,
EYE OPERATIONS :~
Cataract,
Pterygium,
Trachonia,
Entropion,
OPERATIONS ON GENITO-URINARY ORGANS :—
Lithotomy,
Hydrocele (Tapped),
Hydrocele (Radical cure),
Circumcision,
Ruptured urethra,
Stricture of urethra,
Bladder tapped,
Amputation of penis,
OPERATIONS ON DIGESTIVE ORGANS :-
Hernia strangulated,
Hepatic abscess,
Hæmorrhoids,
Fistula in ano,
Paracenteses abdominalis,
Abdominal Section (Bullet wound),
19
(Exploratory),
OPERATIONS ON CIRCULATORY SYSTEM:
Ligature of ulnar artery,
"
"
external iliac artery,
Removal of brachial aneurism,
Wounds of chest,
59
scrotum,
GENERAL ABSCESSES:
Abscess of thoracic wall,
thigh,
""
"
19
"
leg,
""
"
scrotum,
39
""
neck,
""
perinæum,
19
,, arm,
"
39
scalp,
"
foot,
""
""
band,
وو
""
buttock,
**
axilla, iliac,
Ischeo-rectal abscess,
GENERAL OPERATIONS :-
Necrosis,
Slonghing Phagedena,
Sinus,
Needle (Removal of),
Paracentesis Thoracis,
Harelip,
PARTURITON :-
1
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
5
18
NION 2 NO-N
2
6
1
2
1
3
2
2
3
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
11
3
3
1
13
2
11
3
Placenta Previa,
2
2
Forceps,
Total,
216
8
321
Table III.--Diseases and Deaths in the Government Civil Hospital.
Diseases.
Remaining in Hospital
YEARLY TOTAL.
at end of 1901.
Admissions.
Total Cases Treated.
Remaining in Hospital
Deaths.
at end of 1905.
GENERAL DISEASES..
Small-pox,
Measles,
Whooping Cough,
Dengue,
Diptheria,
Febricula,
Enteric Fever,
Cholera,
Dysentery,
Plagne,
Malarial Fever,
2 2
ལུཿ རྞྞ ཨྠནྡྲ :
2
N
2
...
32
32
1
1
120
1
120
2
24
30
1
2
2
108.
110
5
::
5
1. Quartan..
13
13
2. Simple Tertian,.
49
49
3. Malignant,
196
3
197
4. Mixed infection,
8
8
Malaria Cachexia,
Beri-beri,
2
41
8
43
•
Erysipelas,
3
Pyæmia,
1
i
Septicemia,
1
Tubercle,
1
5
6
Sloughing Plagedena,.
6
6
Syphilis,
...
(a) Primary,
2
15
17
(b) Secnudary,
1
46
47
Gonorrhoea,.
Alcoholism,.
3
86
89
2
63
65
Delirium Tremens,
1
1
Rheumatism
4
83
87
1
Rheumatic Fever,
Cyst,...
I
New Growth, non-maglinnnt,
9
9
New Growth, malignant,
1
13
Anæmia,
1
4
Pernicious Anæmia,
9
Debility,
2
103
413 2
14
105
5
9.
...
1
2
LOCAL DISEASES.
Diseases of the Nervous System.
SUB-SECTION 1.
Diseases of the Nerves,-
Neuritis,
Meningitis,
SUB-SECTION 2.
Abcess of Brain,...
Functional Nervous Disorders.-
Apoplexy,
Paralysis,
Epilepsy,..
Neuralgia,
Hysteria,
SUB-SECTION 3.
Mental Direases.-
1
3
1
00 01 -
2
1
1.
I
9
126
GAAN
2
...
2741
2
Mania,..
1
Dementia,
44
Delusional Insanity,
132
1
3
Diseases of the Eye,
1
49
50
3
Ear,
11
11
""
Nose,
2
2
Circulatory System,
2
36
5
38
2
29
Respiratory System
9
238
25
247
4
Digestive System...
226
11
233
3
Lymphatic System,
3
50
53
...
Urinary System, ...
1
28
29.
:.
"
Generative System,
Male Organs,
79
79
3
Female Organs,.
9
9
Organs of Locomotion,...
6
73
2
79
2
""
Cellular Tissue,
60
60
"
Skin,
34
34
I
...
Injuries,
22
Malformatious,
Effects of heat,
Poisons,
...
Parasites,
Under observation,.
Total,.......
N8
522
41
544
18
29
9
30
3
3
2
2
...
56 16
16
57
89
2,615
150
2,704
68
322
Table IV.-Monthly Admissions into and Deaths in the Government
Maternity Hospital.
JAPANESE.
EUROPEANS.
CHINESE.
Total
Total
Admis-
Deaths.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
sions.
Remaining Decem-
ber 31st, 1904,...
January
February,
March,
April,
May,
June,
July,
August,
September,
October,
November,
December,
09 19
2
3
3
...
...
1
...
3
...
3 3
3
1
4
3
...
1
1
2
3
10 00
1
:
6
5
3
Total,
29
S
30
2
67
2
Table V. Varieties of Malarial Fever met with monthly in the
Government Civil Hospital.
Month.
Quartan. Tertian.
Simple
Malig-
Mixed nant. Infection.
Total.
Percentage to Patients in Hospital
January,
4
1
February,
4
March,
2
4
April,
1
May,
2
1O 1O 1O W-
7
12
4.33
3
4.60
8
4.41.
7
3.49
6
2.47
June,
1
18
23
9.38
July,
1
29
1
38
13.33
August,
2
23
1
33
10.9
September,
1
22
1
26
10.7
October,
9
30
39
16.6
...
November;
6
45
52
21.6
...
|
December,
5
19
2
26
13.5
Total,
15
52
202
CO
8
277
10.2
323
Table VI.-Admissions into and deaths in the Government Civil Hospital from the Police for the last ten years.
YEAR.
EUROPEANS.
INDIANS.
CHINESE.
TOTAL ADMISSIONS.
ΤΟΤΑΙ DEATHS.
1896
.94
370
124.
588
14
1897
99
320
107
526
7
1898
87
279
122
488
19
1899
117.
421
154
692
16
1900
183
522
215
920
4
1901
202
521
214
937
1902
150
479
307
936
2
1903
130
431
198
759
5
1904
118
342,
247
707
4
1905
109
416
201
726
10
Table VII.-Sick Rate and Mortality Rate in the different Sections of
the Police for the last ten years.
EUROPEANS.
INDIANS.
CHINESE.
Year.
Sick Rate. Mortality Rate. Sick Rate. Mortality Rate.
Sick Rate. Mortality Rate,
1896...
89.52
0.95
172.89
1.40
40.52
3.26
1897..
94.28
0.95
.146.11
1.37
35.54
0.99
1898... 77.67
3.57
123.45
1.32
41.78
4.10
1899... 104.46
3.57
151.98
1.08
47.09
2.75
1900... 135.50
....
147.40
0.57
57.02
0.40
1901... 160.31
3.17
147.17
0.56
52.97
0.49
1902... 126.00
0.84
131.90
0.80
76.90
1903... 115.04
124.56
0.57
54.69
0.82
...
1904... 92.91 1905...
1.57
96.33
0.28
54.52
0.22
81.96
2.26
117.51
0.84
41.61
0.81
Table VIII.—Admissions into and Deaths in the Government Civil Hospital from the Police during each month of the year.
Remaining on 31st
EUROPEANS.
INDIANS.
CHINESE.
Total Admis-
Total
Deaths.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
sions.
December, 1904,
3
1
4
January,
27
5
43
1
February,
13
17
11
41
1
March,
2
35
11
48
April,
6
35
18
59
...
May,
13
22
18
53
1
June,
11
1
25
22
58
July,
12
1
40
19
2
71
3
August,
11
26
...
September,
7
37
October,
10
60
November,
8
55
December,
5.
34
គ២២នយ
13
50
2
25
69
1
19
89
...
23
86
16
55
...
Total,
109
3
416
3 201
4
726
10
་
324
Table IX.-Admissions for Malarial Fever from the most important Police Stations in the New Territory compared with strength.
Stations.
Sha Tau Kok,
Ping Shan,
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904. 1905.
30.7
15.38
13.3
57.1
64.2
7.1
45.45
13.3
20.0
Sai Kung, San Tin,
Tai Po,
28.2
16.6
16.6
50.0
42.8
25.0
10.0
...
70.0
50.0
33.3
27.2
16.6
Tai O.
10.0
10.0
11.1
10.0
Sha Tin,
25.0
12.5
33.3
...
Au Tau,
121.4
7.6
61.5
50.0
71.4
Sheung Shui,
63.6
20.0
9.0
Table X.-Admissions for Malarial Fever from each Police Station
during each month of the year.
Statation.
Strength.
January.
February.
March.
April.
May.
1
Central
327
1 1 1 1
No. 1....
13
:
2
36
" 5.....
11
""
6 (Peak)
2
7...
62
""
8.
32
Mt. Gong h
20
Bay View.
10
Tsat Tze Mui
7
Quarry Bay
Shaukuivan
11
Shek O.
2
Stanley
11
2
1
Aberdeen
16
1
Pokfulum
6
Kennedy Town
Tsim Tsat Tsoi
189
Yaumati
33
Hunghom
17
Sam Shui Po
14
Kowloon City
16
Ping Shan
15
Au Tau...
14
Sau Tiu
10
Sheung Shui
10
Tai Po
12
Sha Ta Kok.
14
Tai O
11
...
Tung Chung..
7
Sha Tin
6
Sha Tin Gap
3
Sai Kung
7
Ta Kee Leung.
Lamma Island
5
Cheung Chau
Junk Bay..
Total.
2
4
C
unf.
July.
August.
September.
October.
November.
December.
Total.
Percentage to Strength.
མ: :
2
2
2
12
5
3
7 3
7
1
2
3
هر عمر
:
35 10.7
:
5 13.7
2
3.2
1
3
15.0
40.0
100.0
3
27.2
: 23 12
13
118.1
15
93.7
: :མ:
0.52
3.09
2 11.7
7.1
...
3
20
4
10
71.4
N : : ม
2 16.6
3
8
57.1
2
4
57.1
3
42.8
:
1
I
20
2
3
150
ون
3
3
7 13
14
9
28
28
14 127! 13.09
>
325
Appendix.
NOTES ON CASES.
Abscess of Lung.-Death.
A Mercantile Marine Engineer, aged 48, was admitted to Hospital suffering from pleurisy of the left base. The signs were well marked and the disease ran the usual course during the next few days the effusion reaching up to the level of the angle of the scapula.
In about ten days' time this was all re-absorbed, and on examination the friction rub was still present along the base associated with patches of dulness, tubular breathing and coarse crepitations. The sputum was muco-purulent with- out any traces of blood at any time.
On the 15th day the sputum became most offensive and continued so up to the end. The lung signs cleared up except in one patch about the size of the palm of the hand where coarse sounds were present with dulness on percussion.
Shortly after the stools became frequent with much tenesmus, the stools con- sisting almost entirely of bloody mucus. Neither ambæ nor tubercle bacilli were found.
From this onwards the disease fluctuated considerably, most of the symptoms disappearing for a spell and the patient was able to get up and lie in the verandah. On the 46th day, however, a bad turn occurred and the patient took to his bed and died on the 51st day.
No tubercle bacilli were at any time found in the sputum.
The temperature chart was always above norinal but ran no particular course, being at times of a remittent and at others of an intermittent type, the highest registered being 103°.
Post-mortem.-Left lung affected. No fluid in pleural cavity. Base of left lung showed a localised pleuritic thickening. The lower lobe contains two cavities about the size of a marble communicating with one another full of most fætid puri- form material, the cavities being lined with a thick pyogenic membrane. Patches of grey hepatisation were scattered over the lung round about the abscess cavity. Smears from the pus showed no pneumo-cocci nor tubercle bacilli but were full of ordinary micro-organisms. The other organs were healthy.
Remarks.-Non-py æmie lung abscess is so extremely rare that this case is worth recording. The patient was in no special way unhealthy and it is very difficult to account for so serious a complication to an ordinary attack of pleurisy. The absence of tubercle bacilli and pneumo-coccus is also worth noting.
Case of Chorion Epithelioma.*
The patient was a Russian, aged 36 years, a multipara, who was admitted to hospital on March 1st. She had had a normal labour three months previously at Port Arthur, the child being alive and well. 14 days after the confinement me- trorrhagia and fever began and continued up to the time of her admission to the Government Civil Hospital. On examination the uterus was found to be fixed but was not much enlarged. The patient was very cachectic and had lost flesh. A soft mass protruded from the os which was patulous. The growth bled easily and the vagina had to be pluggel for some hours after the examination. A piece was removed and examined by Dr. WILLIAM HUNTER, Government Bacteriologist, whose report is attached. During the patient's stay in hospital the temperature was of a continued type, ranging between 100° and 102° F. but occasionally rising above this. The bowels were freely opened and the stench around the patient was very offensive. Operation being considered to be out of the question the patient left the hospital a month after and eventually departed for Europe.
Report by Dr. HUNTER.-Microscopically the piece of tissue submitted to me for examination was not unlike placental tissue. It was soft and spongy and full of blood. Histologically the tissue was found to be made up of areas of free hæmorrhage, blood sinuses, and a peculiar parenchyma. No definite stroma was found. The greater portion of the mass was composed of extravasated blood and
* Published in the "Lancet " Oct. 21, 1905.
-
326
as a result of this copious masses of blood pigment were found in certain areas of the tissue, particularly in the areas of free hemorrhage but also in the parenchyma. The blood sinuses were abundant. They varied in size, possessed delicate endo- thelial tunics, and were packed full of the formed elements of the blood. The parenchyma possessed a characteristic histogenesis and led me at once to the diag- nosis. At first sight certain parts resembled a small round-celled and rapidly growing sarcoma, but this, on more careful examination, proved to be leucocytic accumulations in which were found phagocytes, polyhedral cells, large epithelioid cells, and diffuse plasmodium-like structures. The polyhedral cells arranged themselves into alveoli. The large epythelioid cells-some resembling giant cells ---were scattered throughout the parenchyma arranged sometimes singly, some- times in small groups. They contained nuclei varying in number and endowment with chromatin. The diffuse plasmodial masses were few in number but contained many nuclei. The most typical forms arranged themselves into a network con- taining the polyhedral cells and leucocytic accumulations already referred to. certain sections evidence of hyaline metamorphosis was noted. From the histolo- gical appearance I am of opinion that the tissue is a rapidly growing chorion epithelioma. The various contained tissue elements, especially the parenchyma, and their arrangement are characteristic. The plasmodial masses are of the type of a well-defined syncytium. These were few in number but this is probably due to the subdivision of the syncytial masses into immense epithelioid cells with large nuclei. Such a metamorphosis is not infrequent in certain forms of chorion epithelioma.
In
Remarks.-The case seems worth recording as this form of malignant disease is not very cominon and certainly not common immediately following a normal labour. The diagnosis of malignant disease was easy enough for us but it is not easy to say when it became so, as presumably the fever and metrorrhagia were possibly put down to endometritis following the labour, though, on the other hand, the case may have been overlooked owing to the fall of the celebrated fortress and to the incoming medical men having their hands full of war casualties.
Case of Liver Abscess,—Death.
A Chinese male, aged 40, was admitted on August 26th. Patient looked very wasted and ill and stated that he had been ill for over a month with fever on and off but no very definite account of his illness could be obtained. All the internal organs seemed healthy save that the liver dulness was slightly increased down- wards. There were a number of purpuric spots on his body of various sizes. Tongue very furred and dry; urine normal. A blood count taken by Lieut. RANKIN, R.A.M.C., was normal. The patient continued in much the same condition for a few days but getting weaker all the time and on the 4th day his temperature rose from subnormal to 104°. The purpuric spots increased in number and size and slight diarrhoea supervened, the stools being acholic but no amoeba or tubercle bacilli were found microscopically. The tongue continued to become more furred and drier. On August 31st (6th day) he had a rigor with a rise of temperature to 104°. The liver was found to be increased in size downwards but not tender. A distinct swelling extended on the right side from the middle line to the mid- axillary line. This swelling had a peculiar emphysematous feel, heard as loud friction sounds by the stethoscope. The swelling was aspirated over the dull and resonant areas giving exit to air and a little blood. Blood count gave 14,000 white cells. Temperature was normal on the 1st September all day but rose on the 2nd to 102° in the evening. Jaundice now came on and the liver dulness was aspirated but without any pus being found. Jaundice rapidly increased and the patient died on the 5th September.
Post-mortem. All the organs, except the liver, were healthy. This organ was increased in size, extending two fingers' breadth below the ribs. In the right lobe was a large well defined mass about the size of a large orange extending to within inch of surface, the mass being composed of thick cheesy material. Below and behind this mass and continuous with it was a small abscess cavity about the size of a coffee cup. The lining membrane of the abscess and the cut surface of the mass teemed with living amoeba. The large intestine was quite normal and showed no signs of old or recent dysentery. No signs were found to account for the emphysematous condition.
Remarks.-This was a most puzzling case.
The absence of amabæ in the stool or of any history of dysentery negatived a liver abscess, more especially as the liver dulness was not much increased and there was no tenderness present at
327
any time. The advent of the ill-defined swelling in the abdomen with emphysemu suggested the possibility of an abscess due to ruptured duodenal ulcer, the abscess cavity being shut off by adhesions. Nothing was found post-mortem to account for this peculiar crackling which I have never seen or heard of before. The inspissation of such a large abscess is most unusual, if not unique and would have made it impossible to treat the case, if it had been diagnosed, as the pus was quite solid. Presumably the ambæ reached the liver without first attacking the large intestine a most interesting fact.
Femoral Aneurism. Intraperitoneal Ligature of External Iliac.
Incision of Sac. Recovery.
A Chinese coolie from South Africa, aged 56, was admitted on August 6th with a very large swelling over the right femoral artery. The skin over the tumour was very red and thin threatening at any moment to rupture. Expansile pulsa- tion was easily made out and a soft blowing murmur was heard all over the
tumour.
The following day under chloroform, as it was found difficult if not danger- ous to tie the artery above Poupart's ligament, an incision was made in the right semilunar line, the intestines held out of the way and the external iliac easily tied with silk when the pulsation at once ceased. The abdominal incision was closed with six silk sutures.
Owing to the constant pain complained of over the sac 3 days after the patient was again placed under chloroform the sac freely incised and the recent blod clot herned out. l'art of the sac only, was dissected out and the hole plugged with glutol.
On the 5th day as the incision had healed the stitches were removed but next day the patient sat up in bed and a violent fit of coughing opened up the wounds. Under chloroforin the intestines were at once returned and the incision closed again with silk sutures.
The after progress of the case was most satisfactory the incision healing well and firmly and the sac shelling out under glutol dressings.. The patient left in due course for his home in North China.
Remarks. This was an extraordinary large aneurism being about double the size of an orange.. No history was obtainable as to injury and the patient stated that he first noticed it six months previously.
Short Notes on Cases of Liver Abscess.
As these cases are of great interest I think it as well to append short notes of each case.
1. European male, aged 49, from Philipine Islands. Ill for two months. No previous dysentery or bowel complaint. Liver much enlarged and painful. Rigors and high fever. Stool examined but showed no amoeba or other abnormality. Blood count gave red cells 3,400,000, white cells 13,000, i.e., 1 to 269. Large abscess cavity opened 48 hours after admission. Fatal. Post-mortem, only a single large abscess found teeming with amœbæ, no signs of old or recent ulceration in the intestines.
2. Chinese male aged 40. Ill for a month. Liver increased in size. Blood count red cells 4,169,000, white cells 8,000, i.e., 1,to 520. Liver aspirated with negative results. Fatal. Post-inortem, large abscess full of inspissated pus with small cavity behind containing liquid purulent contents. Both abscesses teeming with amabæ. No signs of old or recent dysentery.
3. European male, aged 36, resident in the Colony. Il for 2 years on and off with dysentery. Patient very ill on admission with enormously enlarged liver and dysentery stools full of amabæ. Abscess at once opened but case ended fatally. Post-mortem, a large abscess found on liver, smears from which showed numerous amœbæ. Large intestine much thickened and covered with small super- ficial ulcers smears from which also showed numerous motile amabæ. No blood count made.
4. European aged 39, resident in the Colony. Admitted with dysentery and amœbæ in the stools. No malaria, sings of hepatitis supervened. Blood count gave red cells 3,861,000, white cells 9,333, i.e., 1 to 413. Abscess located and opened. Pus full of amœbæ. Patient still in hospital.
328
Annexe C.
REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER IN CHARGE OF THE VICTORIA HOSPITAL FOR WOMEN AND CHILDREN.
ADMISSIONS, DISEASES AND DEATHS.
The total number of admissions to the Victoria Hospital for Women and Children during 1905 was 212, including 9 carried forward from 1904. In 1904 the total number was 133.
Table I shows in detail the diseases and causes of death during the year.
The 212 persons admitted may be classified thus
(1) According to Age :-
Under 3 years,
Between 3 and 12 years,
Over 12 years.
(2) According to Nationality
Europeans,
Asiatics,
(3) For purposes of payment:-
Governinent Servants,
Wives of Government Servants,
Private Paying Patients,
Free Patients (chiefly young children), Police Case,
:
57
-90
33
122
182
30
6
34
99
72
1
All the cases of Malaria were from outlying parts. The 2 Tertian cases came from Stanley; the Quartan case from Macao; and the 10 Malignant cases from Morrison Hill Road (3 cases), Leighton Hill Road, Bay View, Shaukiwan, Kowloon Water-works, Kow- loon City (2 cases), and the mainland. All made good recovery.
Nine deaths occurred, giving a mortality rate of 4.25 per cent. cases were moribund at admission, and died within 24 hours.
OPERATIONS.
The following operations were performed:-
Circumcision,
Cervical Glands,
Curetting,......
Dilatation of Cervix Uteri,
For Adherent Prepuce,
For Inguinal Hernia (radical).
Tonsillotomy,
Tracheotomy,
Vaccination,.
Four of the nine fatal
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
5
Besides the above, there were many cases requiring incision of boils and abscesses, espe- cially among children, and in several of the parturition cases operative measures were
necessary.
Table II shows the average daily number of inmates of the Hospital during monthly periods throughout 1904 and 1905. It seems probable from the experience of the first two years that the Victoria Hospital will be increasingly appreciated during the hot months, but that during the colder season the classes who chiefly avail themselves of it will con- tinue to prefer treatment at the Government Civil liospital, where they can more conveniently be visited by relatives and friends.
STAFF.
The Honourable Dr. J. M. ATKINSON was in charge of the Hospital until 15th March, when he left the Colony on leave.
Sister MILLINGTON and Sister LEE have been on duty throughout the year, except that Sister MILLINGTON was warded from 8th June to 12th June, and from 16th June to 7th July, suffering from the effects of a snake-bite.
The Probationers have been changed periodically, doing duty alternately at the Victoria Hospital and the Government Civil Hospital. From 10th June to 30th November it was found necessary to have three, instead of two, probationer nurses on duty.
BUILDINGS.
The Hospital buildings are in good repair, and in good sanitary condition.
FEES.
The total Fees received during 1905 was $4,394.34.
J. C. THOMSON, M.D., D.T.M., D.P.H.
..
329
Table I.
DISEASES and DEATHS AT THE VICTORIA HOSPITAL in 1905.
DISEASES.
GENERAL DISEASES.
Whooping Cough,
Diphtheria,
Febricula,
Dysentery,
Malarial Fever:
1. Quartan,
2. Simple Tertian,
3. Malignant, Septicemia,
Tubercle,
Syphilis :-
(a.) Secondary,
(b) Inherited,
Gonorrhoea,
Rickets,
Scurvy,
Alcoholism,
Rheumatism,..
New Growth, malignant,
Anæmis,
Debility,
LOCAL DISEASES.
Diseases of Nervous System.
SUB-SECTION 1.
Diseases of the Nerves
Neuritis,
Meningitis,
Remain- ing in Hospital at end of 1904.
Yearly Total.
Total
Cases
Remain- ing in Hospital
Remarks.
Treated. at end of
Admissions Deaths.
1905.
SUB-SECTION 2.
Functional Nervous Disorders :-
Apoplexy,
Paralysis,
Neuralgia,
Hysteria,
+
2
1
1
9
2
1
2
10
120
1
1
I
4
12
1
1
1
3
13
5
~
1
1
•
2
::
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
22 1.。
13
1
5
2
~
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
SUB-SECTION 3.
Mental Diseases:
Melancholia,
1
Diseases of the Eye,
1
I
•
""
""
Circulatory System,
2
2
""
>>
Respiratory System,
11
11
""
Digestive System,
21
21
39
**
Lymphatic System,
2
2
25
Urinary System,
1
""
53
**
"
"
>>
Generative System
Female Organs,. Organs of Locomotion, Cellular Tissue, Skin,
i
7284
CONX
Injuries :-
Local,
Poisons,.
Parturition,
In Attendance and under Observation,
* Scald.
Total,.....
1
1
2
2
2:00
13
1
15
1
3
63
1
66
9
203
9
212
7
† 1 Snake-Bite. 1 Paint Poisoning.
Fatal case due to Shock, consequent on extreme General Debility.
§ Includes infants born in the quarantine observation.
Hospital, persons attending on small children, and cases admitted for
Fatal case was a prematurely born infant.
i
Average
Period.
daily number
in Hospital.
330
Table II.
Average daily number of Inmates of the Victoria Hospital during each month
of the years 1904 and 1905.
Period.
Average daily number in Hospital.
1904.
1905.
January,
3.39
January,
8.39
February,
6.65
March,
3.74
February, March,
9.32
4.84
April,
5.63
April,
2.33
May,
6.48
May,
6.58
June,
4.90
June,
13.87
July,
6.87
July,
18.03
August,
10.13
August,
26.03
September,
8.53
September,
17.30
October....
6.13
October,...
15.55 .
November,
9.10
November,
11.43
December,
5.13
December,
6.67
331
Annexe D.
REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER IN CHARGE OF THE
GOVERNMENT LUNATIC ASYLUMS.
ADMISSIONS.
On reference to Table I it will be seen that the admissions numbered 160-118 being males and 42 females. This number is very slightly. below that of the previous year-166, and practically the number has been constant for the past three years.
The following are the admissions for the past 7 years:
1899,
1900,
1901,
1902,
1903,
1904, 1905,
•
78 ..109
.. 90 ....120 ......155
...166
..160
The total number, of cases under treatment during the year amounted to 177, of whom 148 were discharged on recovery or repatriated, and 7 died, leaving a total of 22 cases under treatment on the last day of the year.
Owing to the system of repatriation in force it is extremely difficult to calculate the recovery-rate in figures, as we unfortunately are unable to keep the native patients under observation for any length of time. It is, however, as well as one can make out, somewhat low.
NATURE OF DISEASES.
These were of the usual nature. The more acute diseases, namely, those which usually give greater hopes of recovery, such as acute mania and acute melancholia are few in number. The cases of acute mania, with the exception of one, singularly enough, occurred. among the Chinese, whose mentality is equilibrated on a very stable and stolid basis. This variety of mental disease is generally caused by, or at any rate, accompanies the rush and turmoil of existence when the senses have to be keen and the emotions are highly strung and the intellectuality is sharpened. Evidence of this is seen in the admission returns of the mental institutions in Western countries. With the well-known mental characteristics of the average Chinese, however, especially their strong will-power and self. control, we do not expect these acute mental disorders. Rather, they drift, when the mind becomes affected and unhinged into chronic conditions of alienation, such as chronic mania and melancholia and dementia-such states as seem scarcely ever to readjust themselves or even to approach the normal.
Fourteen cases were admitted suffering from delusional insanity a condition, that is to say, where the patient retains strong active and fixed delusions but is free from ananifestations of mania or melancholia. Sometimes, as in one case here, this may pass into a condition of acute delirious mania, but on the other hand, and perhaps more usually, it terminates in a condition of dementia.
Epilepsy does not seem common among the Chinese, only one case occurring among them to two among Europeans.
Cases of alcoholic insanity bulk largely among the admissions; these I will refer to in the next paragraph.
On reference to Table II it will be seen that 33 inales and 1 female were admitted suffering from alcoholism, that is, froin the direct resu't of the abuse of alcohol-a percentage of 28 among the males on the number of mental cases admitted. Apart from these cases I was able to trace clearly, in many of the cases of chronic mania, melancholia.
332
:
and delusional insanity among the women as well as among the men, the effect of alcohol as a causative factor. Altogether the misuse and abuse of alcohol may be consi- dered the principal, and perhaps the leading, factor in the production of mental derange- ments, especially among the outlanders in this Colony. The type of disease produced varies from cases of delirium tremens too severe to be fit for treatment in the wards of a general hospital, to typical cases of alcoholic insanity. It will be noticed that England, Scotland and China contribute each a fifth of the cases, and Ireland and India about a tenth. The reason for this excessive indulgence in alcohol which so often leads to such disastrous results in persons of unstable mental equilibrium is perhaps not very difficult to seek for it is an undisputed fact that the abuse of alcohol is common in this Colony especially among the wage-earning classes and a certain section of sea-faring folk. I may mention incidentally that I have seen more cases of alcoholic insanity and more cases of excessive alcoholic indulgence during my short period of service in this Colony than I have seen in a longer period of service in another Colony. The reason then most generally assigned is that the climate here is enervating and that in consequence the system requires bracing up. This idea combined with the well-known camaraderie among a set of men earning a precarious livelihood, often out of work, always isolated and bereft of home ties, must lead to excessive alcoholic indulgence and this in its turn surely leads to mental derangement. It cannot be too strongly insisted upon that if the climate is bad the means adopted to counteract its effects are worse and but augment its injurious effects, if any. Total abstainers and mode- rate drinkers, that is, those that drink with discretion, come off best.
DEATHS.
These amounted to 7-of whom 6 were males and one female, giving a percentage on cases treated among the males just under 4 per cent. and among the women just over 2 per cent.
The immediate cause of death was as follows. Two males succumbed to exhaustion
supervening on chronic mania. The patient who suffered from melancholia attempted suicide before she was admitted into the Asylum by inflicting wounds on her neck with a pair of scissors. These wounds apparently superficial set up extensive and deep seated cellulitis which proved fatal. One male suffering from dementia died of acute pleuritis, and one suffering from idiocy contracted pulmonary tuberculosis prior to admission which carried him off. One patient suffering from acute alcoholism suddenly and without warning developed extravasation of urine. He made no previous complaint nor were we led to suspect that such a condition might supervene. He succumbed in spite of the most active treatment. One male patient under observation with reference to his mental condition was suffering from pericarditis which proved fatal.
OCCUPATION OF PATIENTS.
The occupation of those under treatment during the year is stated in Table III as far as ascertainable.
It is a great pity that the patients, both Europeans and Chinese, display a strong disinclination to work or to keep themselves occupied in some way that would distract their thoughts and take them out of themselves. Work and occupation as a means of treatment are well recognised in all English Asylums and have been found effective in ameliorating the mental condition of such as are able to undertake the one or the other. Our resources in this respect are limited, but we find European patients are particularly intractable. It is all we can do to induce the native patients to undertake a little gardening
from time to time.
BUILDINGS.
New water-closets were put in both Asylums.
New hardwood flooring was put down in Receiving Room and Wardmaster's Quarters.
STAFF.
I took over charge on June 16th, 1905, vice Dr. LAING.
Wardmaster McKAY was sent from Kennedy Town Hospital in June and was trans- ferred to the Harbour Department in December.
Several minor changes occurred among the junior staff.
W. V. M. Koch, мm.d.
DISEASES.
333
Table I.-DISEASES and Deaths.
Remain- ing in Hospital at end of 1904.
Yearly Total.
Total
Remain- ing in Cases Hospital
Remarks.
Treated. at end of
Admissions Deaths.
1905.
GENERAL DISEASES.
Malarial Fever :-
Simple Tertian,
Malignant,
Alcoholism,
LOCAL DISEASES.
Diseases of Nervous System.
SUB-SECTION 2.
Functional Nervous Disorders :-
Epilepsy,
SUB-SECTION 3.
Mental Diseases :—
Idiocy,
Mania,
Melancholia,
Dementia,
1
1
1
34
1
35
N
N
46
53
10
10
44
REN
12
52
6
12
12
1
1
21-
1
Total,...
17
160
7
177
22
Delusional Insanity,
Diseases of the Circulatory System,
Injuries,
Under Observation,
Table II.-Birth-places and Diseases of those under Treatment.
MAXIA
ACETE.
MANIA
CHRONIC.
CHOLIA.
MELAN- DELUSIONAL INSANITY.
DEMENTIA,
EPILEPSY.
IDIOCY. ALCOHOLISM. OBSERVATION.
TOTAL.
16
I
NATIVE OF
M.
F.
M. F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M. F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
England,
Scotland,
Ireland,
France,
Russin,
Germany,
Aushia,
Netherlands,
Wales,
U. S. A.
China,
India,
Japan,
Hongkong,
Straits Settlements,
Macao,
Manila,
Chili,
New Zealand,
S. America,
་
6
...
1-
19
I
1
1
Ι
1
~:
1
2
3
1
30
2
1
1
:
25
12
ལ
1
I
1
1
...
1
:
ལ : :
4
.
2
42
1
334
ગ
5
12
2
37
15
1
33
10
131
46
5
335
Table III.-Occupations of those under Treatment.
MALES.
FEMALES.
Actor, Barber, Beachcomber,
Boatman,
.....
1
Boatwoman,
2
Coolie,
4
1
Housewife,
5
1
Unclassified (for the most part coolies,
Boy (Servant),
Catechist,
Chemist,
Clerk,.
1
housewives, &c. ),.............
36
2
Total,......
46
6
Commercial Traveller,
Constable, Police, E. & I.,
2
Cook,
ì
Coolie,
Draughtsman,
Engineer,
Foreman,
Hawker,..
Interpreter,
Laundryman,
Mason,
1
62
3
5
1
1.
1
1
Medical Practitioner,
Overseer,
1
2
Seamen,
14
Sanitary Inspector,
1
School Boy,
1
Shop Clerk,
Stone Mason,.
Stenographer,
Telegraphist, Tidewaiter, Toymaker, Watchman,
1
1
1
1
Wardmaster,
*
Unclassified,
1
Total,............
131
*This patient was under treatment for digestive trouble, and was classified as being under observation.
336
Annexe E.
REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER IN CHARGE OF THE
HOSPITALS FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES.
During the year 1905 a total of 43 cases were under treatment for various infectious diseases.
A list of these diseases is shewn in Table II. A large majority of the patients suffered from Plague-27 males and 6 females. Four patients were admitted with Relapsing Fever, remarks on which cases will be found later on in this report. Two cases of Diphtheria were admitted. These were of an extremely mild nature and but for a bacteriological nature would have been pronounced cases of mild sore throat; they did well and recovered completely without any sequelae. Two cases were admitted reported to be suffering from Plague, these were diagnosed to be suffering from Tubercular Adenitis, and Suppurative Adenitis. The case of Acute General Miliary Tuberculosis was sent to the Hulk "Hygeia" in a very early stage, suspected to be a case of incipient Small-pox: this disease, however, not developing the patient was transferred to Kennedy Town Hospital where he succumbed.
PLAGUE,
The outbreak during the year was not so extensive and avidespread as in former years, but the type of disease was more severe and the mortality high. The cases notified officially amounted to 304—and of these only 33 came under treatment in this hospital-26 males and 7 females; and 45 cases in the Tung Wal Plague Branch.
Varieties of the Disease.
Only two varieties occurred among the cases admitted-the Bubonic and the Septic- 28 cases of the former being 85%, and 5 cases of the latter being 15%. No cases of Pneu- monic or intestinal Plague were admitted. The Bubonic variety seems to have been especially prevalent in the Colony, for I find on examining the figures supplied me by Dr. PEARSE, the Medical Officer of Health, that 226 of the 304 notified cases were of this variety.
Incidence on Males and Females.
Males as usual were affected in a greater proportion than females, 26 males having been admitted as against 7 females-78% and 22% respectively.
Incidence as regards Age Period.
The numbers are too small to be dealt with Table VII shews the age period in each variety. occurred between the ages of 11 and 35, (2) that than Bubonic.
effectively, or to draw conclusions from. It will be seen (1) that most of the cases Septic Plague occurs at earlier age periods
Variety of the Disease in relation to Sex.
Among the males 23 suffered from Bubonic Plugue and 3 from Septic Plague: among the females, 5 had Bubonic Plague and 2 Septic:-
Males-Bubonic Plague,..
.700 per cent.
Septic
""
Females- Bubonic
27
Septic
"3
Mortality.
9.0
""
.15.0
}}
6.0
The disease was of great severity, as shewn (1) by the apparently rapid onset, (2) by the very short duration of the illness, (3) and by the extensive pathological changes found after death. These changes were especially in the direction of hæmorrhagic extravasations
:
337
into the tissues and around the lymphatic glands and also under the serous membranes, retroperitoneal, sub-epicardial, &c. In the females there was intense congestion of the endometrium and of the mucous membrane of the Fallopian Tubes.
The mortality rate w s. for males 80 per cent., for females 85 per cent., with a total percentage of deaths about 82 per cent.
Mortality with reference to Variety.
Of the Bubonic variety 85 per cent. died, of Septic cases 60 per cent. It will be noticed that the Bubonic variety was more fatal.
Mortality with reference to Age Period.
The discase is equally fatal at all age periods.
Presence of Bacilli in the Blood as a means of Diagnosis.
Last year I drew attention to the fact that the presence of the Plague bacilli in the peripheral blood was somewhat capricious an that their absence could not be held to negative a diagnosis of Plagne in the presence of symptoms. I have again this year made an investigation into this subject and have carefully examined the peripheral blood in 28 cases. I found that in the Bubonic variety the bacillus pestis was absent from the peri- pheral circulation in 15 cases, and present in 8 cases, and in the Septic variety the bacillus was absent in 3 cases and present in 2.
It is also noticeable that the bacillus pestis cannot always be found in the peripheral blood immediately preceding death. I paid special attention to the examination of the blood of the cases that died. I was able to find the bacillus in 8 cases, and was satisfied that they were absent in 19 cases. These were all typical cases of Plague, for an anatomical examination was inale in each case and diagnosis confirmed.
Spleen Puncture as an aid to Diagnosis.
The presence of the bacillus pestis in the peripheral blood thus not being always to be counted upon and consequently not being always available as a means of diagnosis, I have in a certain number of cases which were doubtful employed spleen puncture. The bacilli are not, however, always present in the spleen. Thus in an examination of 25 cases very shortly after death the bacillus pestis was present in the spleen in 16 cases, and could not be found in 9 cases. In spite of this, however, I consider that a combination of the two methods of examination enable a satisfactory opinion to be formed.
Focus of Infection.
In the very large majority of cases we are unable to point with clear evidence to a focus of infection, but knowing Plague to be an infectious disease we are driven to conceal our ignorance by the term cryptogenous infection. In the following four cases I was able to trace what I considered to be a focus of infection :--
(1.) Male.-Right Femoral Bubo. Patient has two or three small pustules on shin which on examination were found to be crowded with Plague bacilli. This patient died.
(2.) Male.-Right Axillary Bubo. There was a small necrotic patch about the size of a shilling a little outside and in a line with right nipple. This was caused by an injury, plague bacilli were found in it, and the bubo developed two days after. Patient recovered.
(3.) Female.-Right Femoral Bubo. A large vesicle was found in 2nd right toe,
in which Plague bacilli were found. Death.
(4.) Male.-Right Femoral Bubo. Vesicles were found over right shin and plague
bacilli were found. Patient died.
338
Significance of the Maturation of the Bubo.
As far as I have had an opportunity of observing, maturation of the bubo and early incision and evacuation is a favourable element in prognosis, should Plague bacilli be absent from the discharge. In five cases of Bubonic Plague the bubo matured, in two of these there were no Plague bacilli in the pus-they recovered in two Plague bacilli were present -they died.
This occurred in one case-a the patient ultimately recovered.
Resolution of the Bubo.
:
male with a left axillary bubo. The bubo resolved and The import of such resolution of a bubo seems favourable.
Treatment of Plague.
A fresh
It must be confessed with regret that no advance has up to now been made in the treatment of Plague. No drug has yet been put forward which could act as a specific, no serum has been elaborated which can act as a preventive or a curative agent.
We are driven back to allowing Nature to initiate her own defences and can only assist her by measures tending to keep up the strength of the patient. How weak are these measures the heavy mortality shews. Judging from analogy a serum would seem to afford the most rational means of combating the disease, and for this we have to look to the Laboratory worker. During the year I have been able to put Yersin's serum again to the test. supply was obtained and used extensively. Twenty-two cases were treated, and three recovered. Auxiliary means of treatment were also employed in order to enhance the chances of recovery and they must share in the credit of the recoveries. Through the kindness of Dr. WOOLLEY, Director of the Serum Laboratory in Manila, Dr. RUEDIGER of that institution sent me some serum prepared by himself. I used it in four cases at the end of the season. The cases were in desperate condition and did not recover. The utility of the serum, therefore, has not had a fair test. Appended is a list of the cases treated by Yersin's serum, number of doses injected and the result :-
Male.-R.F.B. 1 injection, 20 c.c. 14 hours before death-Died. Male.-Septic. 1 injection, 20 c.c. 2 hours before death - Died. Male.
R.F.B. 2 injection, 10 c.c. each time, 5 hours and 2 hours before death-Died. Female.-L.F.B. 1 injection, 20 c.c. 5 hours before death-Died.
Male.-Rs and L.F.B. 3 injections, three successive days. 20, 20, 25 c.c.-Died. Male.-Septic. 4 injections on successive days, 20, 25, 20, 20 c.c.--Recovered. Male.-R.A.B. 4 injections on successive days, 20, 25, 20, 21 c.c.--Recovered. Male.-L.F.B. 1 injection, 20 c.c. 9 hours before death-Died.
Male.-Septic 4 injection, on successive days 20 c.c. each time-Recovered. Male.-L.F.B. 2 injections on successive days 20 c.c. each-Died. Male. Septic. 4 injections on successive days, 20 c.c. each time-Died. Male.-R. and L.F.B. 1 injection, 20 c c. the day before death-Died. Female. Septic. I injection, 20 c.c. 24 hours before death-Died. Female.-L.F.B. I injection, 20 c.c. 11 hours before death-Died. Male.-R.F.B. 1 injection, 20 c.c. 18 hours before death-Died. Male. R.F.B. 2 injections, 20 c.c. each time on successive days-Died. Male.-R.A.B. 3 injections, in two days, 20 c.c. each time-Died.
Male.-L.F.B. 7 injections, 20 c.c. each time, first and last day, 40 c.c.-Died. Female.-R.F.B. 3 injections. 20 c.c. each time within 36 hours-Died. .
Female.-Septic. injections, 20 c.c. each time-Died.
Male.-L.F.B 3 injections, 20 c.c. each time-Died.
Male.-R.F.B. 1 injection, 20 c.c.-Died.
In all 52 injections were given.
Bubonic cases-Recovered, Male
Septic cases-Recovered,
วง A
NCWO
1; Female 0
Died,
12
3
99
Died,
*
33
It will be seen that the results this year confirm
those of last year as regards the use
of serum (Yersin's), and that an efficient and effective curative serum remains to be discov-
ered.
339
SMALL-POX.
Forty-eight cases were admitted for treatment-of these, 43 were males and 5 females. According to nationality there were:-
European
Chinese Indian Filipino
.Males 21; Females 1.
-18
4
":
3
0
27
C1
1
0
:1
43
5
Variety of Small-Pox.
The usual varieties were prevalent in the following proportion :-
Confluent.
5
5
Discrete.
Males--European,
15
Chinese,...
13
Indian,
3
Filipino,
1
32
10
Females-European,
Chinese.....
03
1
3.
2
Total,
35
12
Hæmorrhagic.
1
0
HOOO
0
네여아
Deaths.
The deaths numbered eight and were :-
Europeans-Males,
Confluent Hæmorrhagic 1
4
Female,
Confluent 1
Chinese-Male,
Do.
1
Female,
Do.
1
8
Vaccination and Small-Pox.
The days when the efficacy of vaccination as affording a means of protection against small-pox was questioned are practically past. It is universally conceded that vaccination. is in the great majority of cases protective-should. however, the vaccinated person be attacked by small-pox it has been proved (1) that the attack is comparatively mild, and (2) that mortality is much reduced. It must be remembered that sometimes an attack of small-pox may supervene on recent successful vaccination, but careful enquiry reveals that the disease was incubating when the vaccination was performed. In such a case both run through their regular course, but the attack of small-pox is generally mild and modified, and there is no tendency to a fatal issue. Should, however, the attack of small-pox be well established vaccination in the course of the disease, as well as after it, proves unsuccessful. This fact is used as a means of differential diagnosis when there is any doubt as to the case; if vaccination is successful the case is probably not small-pox. Some doubt has been recently thrown on this method of diagnosis in the medical papers, and cases have been brought forward shewing that vaccination may be successful after small-pox has begun. These exceptional cases were very few in number, and can scarcely be accepted as sufficient to overturn our own experience here, which is, that when small-pox is established vaccination proves unsuccessful.
Table I shows the condition as regards vaccination in relation to variety.
340
Number of Vaccination Marks in Patients who died.
European Males.......Confluent Small-Pox. No. of Marks, 1
..... Death, 1
""
Do. Do.
2
2
1
>>
Hæmorrhagic Small-Pox.
0
1
23
>>
European Female ...Confluent Small-Pox.
0
1
:)
Chinese Male
Chinese Female
Do. Do.
0
1
""
9:
(
8
Treatment.
All severe cases are kept under the influence of red light, and large doses of carbolic acid have been used. By this means pustulation seems to be modified, and pitting is not so severe. In addition, symptomatic treatment is resorted to.
RELAPSING FEVER.
Notes on Cases.
On the 10th January, 1905, eight patients were sent to the Hospital Hulk "Hygeia" from the emigrant steamer Cranley" which was en route to South Africa with coolies from Chiu-Wan-Tao for the Gold Fields. Five of these cases were suffering from small- pox unmistakeably. The other three had a high temperature, a quick pulse, intense back- ache, headache and general aching over the bones and joints. The respiration was quick- ened, the tongue was dirty. It was thought that these cases were cases of incipient small- pox, and this opinion gained strength from the occurrence of undoubted cases of that disease. As however the illness had lasted seven days and there was no definite evidence of the existence or onset of small-pox I thought it advisable to examine the blood. microscopically. Numerous spirilla were found, and there was no evidence of any malarial infection. These cases ran a characteristic course and the spirilla were found every day in the blood during the persistence of the high temperature.
Course of the Cuses :—
First Case-Fever 7 days, Remission 5 days, Fever 4 days,-Recovery. Second Case-Fever 12 days, No remission,--Recovery.
Third Case-Fever 12 days, Remission 3 days,-Sudden deatlı.
I am unable to state exactly that the duration of the primary attack of fever was in each case accurate, because no information was supplied me by the ship's authorities, and I had to rely upon the statements of the patients.
The temperature in no case rose above 105° F. It was steady, was practically unin- fluenced by antipyretics and quinine, and was only slightly modified by cold sponging and that but temporarily.
The treatment adopted was the administration of ordinary diaphoretics: antipyretics and quinine were tried, but without effect and digitalis and strychnine were given when- ever the heart shewed signs of flagging.
The case that succumbed suffered slightly from chronic bronchitis. He had passed through 12 days of fever, and was in the third day of his remission. He seemed to be doing well, was quite cheerful and lively. He ate a hearty breakfast and fell back dead in his bed. Owing to the interesting nature of the case I detail the record of the post-mortem examination which was made about 6 hours after death.
Vaccinnation positive.
Post-mortem examination.--Body well nourished.
No. post- mortem rigidity and very little lividity. Small chronic ulcer over Right Trochanter about the size of a twenty-cent piece, with a necrotic base and a slightly inflamed area around it. A small quantity-one draclım-of clear straw coloured serum in pericardial sac. Blood very fluid and watery-straw coloured except in mass. Heart-no epicardial petechia, slight amount of epicardial fat. Weight 10 oz. Heart muscle pale. Aortic valves normal, also mitral valves. No atheroma. Dilatation of right ventricle--walls thin-valves normal. Left ventricle, walls thin. Pulmonary valves normal. Lungs- Left Lung, 12 oz.-some chronic bronchitis, no consolidation, no pleurisy. Right Lung
•
341
in similar condition, weight 10 oz. Spleen enlarged, weighs 22 oz. Very small scattered circular areas, pale with red centre, shining through capsule, about the size of a split pea. Ou section these extend into the spleen substance inch, and are pale in colour and soft. They are produced by the blocking up of the final ramifications of the terminal arteries. Liver weighs 76 oz., is the subject of fine cirrhosis, and of a certain amount of congestion. Otherwise no abnormality. Kidneys, Right, 8 oz., slight cyanotic induration, otherwise normal. Left, in same condition. Stomach and Intestines normal. Mesenteric glands not enlarged. No enlargement of superficial lymphatic glands. Brain weighs 47 oz., is normal. Bone marrow normal. No spirilla were found in the blood or smears from organs. of death-Heart Failure.
Cause
General Symptoms.-The high temperature maintained for some days and accompanied by severe backache and headache and pains in the limbs and joints, were inost noticeable. The Tongue became coated with a brownish fur, thick and moist at first, but becoming blackish and dry before the approach of the crisis, soon after which it began to get moist and to clear. The Pulse was quick, with a tendency to dierotism. About 20 hours before the crisis the respiration became affected-it was oppressed, and the patient had an anxious expression, pointed to his chest and indicated that he found it difficult to draw his breath. As soon as the crisis passed, however, all this quickly subsided, and the breathing became easy and normal. The Spleen was found to be enlarged and tender, and there was also some ten- derness over the region of the Liver. The Skin, even in the Chinese, was noticeably yellow, as were also the conjunctiva. The urine was not increased in amount. it shewed a slight increase in urates, but no blood or albumin was present. Apart from these symptoms and signs, none presented themselves that called for particular comment, and were such as usually accompany elevation of temperature-except in one instance which will be detailed further
on.
An important note in connection with these three cases is to be made. Two cases. remitted on January 14th, the third on January 24th: the Office-boy of the hospital who saw the patients frequently, and helped to coax nosquitoes to feed on them, but who had nothing to do with the nursing, was taken suddenly ill on January 30th. He was a known malarial subject and I had no reason to suspect that this attack was other than a malarial attack. On examination, however, of his blood numerous spirilla were discovered, and he passed through a typical attack of relapsing fever of a very severe nature. His fever fell on the 6th day, the remission lasted 5 days; the first relapse then set in and lasted 10 days, then a remission of 9 days was followed by a second relapse which lasted 5 days and he took about 21 days more to convalesce. He complained of severe pain, backache and head- ache. His tongue was very foul and flabby. Just before the crisis of the first relapse he suffered from great distress of breathing and had a lively fear of impending death. Then the crisis occurred and he got better again, to have another relapse later on. During the first relapse his condition was very serious. His tongue was foul, and the backache was especially severe, and he was constipated. On the fourth day he developed a peculiar mental state. He was at first apathetic and then remained in a state of deep unconscions- ness from which he could, however, be aroused for a few moments at long intervals. Then he lost control of his sphincters, diarrhoea supervened, and the condition of unconsciousness deepened to such a degree that nothing could arouse him. This continued for three days, and during this time examination of the blood shewed that spirilla were absent, nor were they to be found in the centrifugalised urine. After a somewhat prolonged convalescence he recovered fairly well, a moderate degree of deafness however having set in which may possibly have been due to some injections (hypodermic) of quinine.
These cases are interesting, not only because Relapsing Fever is rare in Hongkong, but also because the fourth case shews how easily and rapidly it is transmissible and perhaps may point to a possible mode of transmission. The Office-boy used to assist in procuring films of blood for examination, and also in catching mosquitoes for me and coaxing them to feed. He never went near the patients at any other time, nor did he lend a helping hand in nursing them. Yet the disease suddenly develops in him, the typical spisochetæ are found in his blood, and he passes through a very severe and a characteristic attack. How did he contract it?
The Spirillum Obermeieri, the organism which is present in the disease and which causes it, is of varying length. In this series of cases it reached a length of from 24 to 30 microns they are said however to sometimes reach a length of 42 microus. It is wavy and spirally curled on staining, and when seen alive is very active, the principal movement being of a corkscrewy nature and sometimes of a lashing nature. It is very transparent and to be seen when living requires a darkened stage of the microscope. Its ends are pointed and its subs- tance stains uniformly. It is stated by one observer that fine transverse strice are to be
342
noticed on high magnification. This striation, however, I was not able to make out, nor do I think it has been confirmed. There are generally four or more spirals, sometimes as many as twelve, in each organism. It is said to have cilia, and its mobility outside the body may be preserved for from 30 to 130 days: though with my specimens I was able to keep them alive for 11 days. No method is known by which it can be cultivated. As to its nature SCHAUDIN shews that the Spirocheta Ziemmani is a phase of a trypanosome, that it has a large nucleus and a micro-nucleus or blepharoplast-neither of which is present in a bacte- rial spirillum-and further, that it alters its shape: and he judges from analogy that the Spirillum Obermeiris is a protozoan parasite and a phase of a trypansome. Its presence in the blood is noticeable when the temperature rises and during the time it remains elevated, but its variation in numbers does not bear any relation to the elevation of temperature though there is a progressive increase till about 20 hours before the crisis. As soon how- ever as the temperature falls no more spirilla can be found in the peripheral blood. What happens to them? METCHNIKOFF has shewn that they are gathered in the spleen where they are destroyed by the microphages and the macrophages; and this has been confirmed by the fact that monkeys into whom Relapsing Fever blood was injected and in whom the spirilla were found in the peripheral blood shewed none after the crisis if the spleen was present, but abundance when the spleen was extirpated. It would thus seem that the spleen was chiefly concerned in their destruction. GABRITCHEVSKY states that bactericidal substances appear at certain determinate periods in the blood, and that thus the spirilla are got rid of. The following experiments led him to this conclusion:-
(1.) To blood containing the spirochetæ he added blood taken from a case of Relaps- ing Fever immediately after the paroxysin, and the result was that the spirochetæ became immobile, changed form and died.
(2.) To blood containing spirochetæ he added normal serum, and the spirochetæ lived from 2 to 4 days.
(3.) Preventive inoculation with serum of a convalescent case was effective to a certain
extent.
Then also it is known that temperature influences the mobility and the life of the spirochete. They live longest, outside the body, at the room temperature. As the tem- perature is raised they become immobile and then die: and contrary to what we may ex- pect, a very low temperature may suspend life, or at any rate does not cause rapid death.
Thus there are three factors which assist in the disappearance of the spirochetæ, at all events temporarily, namely, the elevation of the temperature, the formation and development of the natural immuunising power of the blood of the patient, and, lastly, the peculiar parti- cular action of the spleen.
.
Their Absence after Death. The spirochetæ are not found in the blood of a
patient who dies of Relapsing fever, whether death takes place during the febrile period or during the afebrile period. This is the general rule.. Exceptions very exceptionally occur.
In my case I could find nothing whatever in the blood, the bone marrow, or any of the organs. What happens when they disappear, and where do they disappear? I grew them for 11 days in a solution of normal saline. They did not apparently increase in numbers, but they lived and were active. On the 12th day haemolysis set in, and on the 13th day only granular debris could be found on examination. Hence I conclude that a bactericidal action of the blood is produced as a result of the secretion of some toxin by these spirilla, and that when this becomes, powerful enough it causes a disintegration of them - without, however, the accompaniment of hemolysis in the living body.
Methods of Transmission.—What is the method by which these spirochetæ are con- veyed from an infected to a non-infected person? It is known of course that Relapsing Fever is a very infectious malaly (and it is one of the notifiable diseases in Hongkong), and that widespread epidemics arise and are propagated from small foci.
Various experiments have been conducted with the object of demonstrating how this transmission of the disease is effected, and what animals are susceptible to it. I carried out a few experiments with this view and suminarise the results :-
:
vein :
343
Transmission-A. By injection of blood of patient removed during life from the median
(a.) During the febrile period when spirilla were present.
(1.) Into Monkeys--after an incubation period of four days pyrexia set in spirilla were found in the peripheral blood, and an attack of relapsing fever was passed through.
(2.) Into Rabbits these shewed no reaction and spirilla were not found in the blood at any time.
(b.) During the apyrexial period when spirilla were absent from the blood stream. into a Monkey. The animal continued well, no rise of temperature took place, and spirilla could not be found in the blood on several examinations. It died unexpectedly on the 17th day after injection and all the organs were found to be crowded with spirilla.
B. By Suctorial Insects :—
(a.) Mosquitoes.—I induced mosquitoes of the ordinary variety met with here- the culex-to feed on the patients during the pyrexial periods, and' within twenty-four hours after they had gorged themselves I could find no trace of any spirilla-mosquitoes were scarce at that time, and I was able to get only a few, and I think further investigation regarding this means of conveyance should be undertaken whenever practicable, for from the well known fact that malaria is conveyed by mosquitoes it is quite within reason to regard them as carriers of Relapsing Fever.
(b.) Bed Bugs and Ticks.-There are recognised as carriers.
I was unsuccessful with the former, and had no opportunity of experimenting with the latter. It has been found that bed bugs are capable of conveying the organisms to monkeys which have thereupon shewn a rise of temperature, accompanied by the presence of spirilla in the peripheral blood. It should be noted, however, that the infected blood was squeezed out of the bugs, and was then injected into the monkeys-the point being that the bug did not introduce the blood and its organisms. Ticks have been recently proved by R. KOCH to convey the disease by experiments which he performed in German East Africa.
-
C. By Vaccination--that is, by smearing freshly scarified surfaces with the freshly cut surfaces of organs which contained an abundance of the organisms.
D. By Feeding
(1) Monkeys-results negative.
(2) Rabbits--results, negative.
(1) A monkey,
2) A pig,
were fed with organs containing spirilla-Result in both cases negative.
From all these facts we may conclude:-
(1.) That Relapsing Fever is communicated by the bite of suctorial insects. (2.) That an intermediate host probably exists, the tick being one such.
(3.) That the organism is only present in the peripheral blood at certain definite
times, namely, during the pyrexial periods.
(4.) That when they are absent from the peripheral blood they congregate in the
spleen.
(5.) That the blood during the whole course of the disease remains infectious,
·
whether the organisms be present or not.
(6.) That treatment is not specific as in malaria but is in the main confined to dealing with symptoms and that the attacks of pyrexia cannot be shortened or terminated.
W. V. M. KOCH, M.D.
NATIONALITY.
314
Table I.
Small-pox :-condition as regards vaccination in relation to variety.
NUMBER OF VACCINATION
MARKS.
MALES.
FEMALES.
VARIETY OF THE DISEASE.
VARIETY OF THE DISEASE.
Discrete.
Confluent.
Hæmorrhagic.
Discrete.
Confluent.
European,
1
3
1
2
7
2
3
3
8
1
0
1
1
Faint single.
1
15
10
5
1
Chinese,
Indian,....
Filipino,
123 + CO
1
1
1
0
7
No note.
Ι
:
14
10
240
1
3
1
:
1
1
5
1
:
Table II.
Diseases treated in Kennedy Town Hospital.
:
:
Admitted.
Discharged.
Died.
Remarks.
Diseases.
M.
E.
M.
F.
M.
F.
Plague,
26
Relapsing Fever,
Alo
~
4
LO GO
1
21
6
1
Diphtheria,
1
1
1
Tubercular Adenitis,
Acute Gen. Milary Tuberculosis,..
Suppurative Adenitis,
In Attendance,
2
Small-pox,
Hulk" "Hygeia" under Re-
pairs.
Total,
34
13
11
1.7
23
6
Table III.
Diseases treated on board the Hulk Hygeia.
Admitted.
Discharged.
Died.
Diseases.
M.
F.
M.
F.
M.
F.
Small-pox,
Febricula,
43
5
38
2
6
2
1
1
Influenza,
1
1
Measels,
1
1
M. A. D.,
1
1
Uunder Observation,
3
3
In Attendance,
1
2
1
Total,
51
46
4
6
O
Remarks.
Suspected Small-pox.
>>
"
Relapsing Fever transmitted
to Keundy Town Hospital.
345
Table IV.
Cases of Plague.
Bubonic.
Septic.
Total.
Month.
Males. Females. Males. Females.
Males,
Females.
January, February,
March,
April,
I
1
May,
19
4
3
22
June,
1
July, August, September,. October,... November,.. December,
...
1
1
Total,..
23
10
5
3
Table V.
Deaths from Plague.
10
26
...
6
1
Remarks.
Bubonic.
Septic.
Total.
Months.
Remarks.
Males. Females.
Males. Females.
Males.
Females.
January,. February,
March,
April,
May,
June,
July, August, September,
October,
1
1
16
1
2
17
6
1
...
]
November,
December,
Total,
20.
4
1
1
1
2
21
6
Table VI.
Analysis of Plague Deaths.
Bubonic.
Septic.
Total.
Males. Females. Males. Females.
Died.
Males.
Females.
Within 6 hours,
24
.
2 days, 3
Loug Periods,
12
29
12
18
22
99
"
244143N
2
1
1
1
:
1
2441442
2
1
1
2
::
Total,
20
4
Ι
2
21
6
Remarks.
..
Situation of Buboes.
Femoral Left,
"
Right,
""
Right and Left,.
Inguinal Left,
and Femoral Left,
Axillary Left, ....
27
346
Table VII.
Distribution of Plague Buboes.
Recovered.
Died.
Admitted.
Remarks.
M.
F.
Total. M.
F. Total.
M.
F.
Total.
1
1✪ 21 p
2
7
11
∞ - NOO
6
2
8
2
I
Right,....
2
Total,.
3
I
4
20
4
24
23
Age.
Table VIII.
Age Incidence of Plague Cases.
Bubonic.
Septic.
Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total.
10
5
23
Grand Total.
Remarks.
6-10 years,
Ι
1
1
11-15
16-20
"
00
6
1
1
7
1
1
5
21-25
26-30
6
6
6
""
4
1
5
5
39
31-35
"
4
2
36-40
1
1
2
"
50-55
""
1
1
:
:
:
:
2
6
:
2
1
Total,...
23
10
5
28
3
2
Table IX.
Age Incidence of Plague Deaths.
VI
5
33
Bubonie.
Septic.
Age.
Grand Total.
Remarks.
Males.
Females. Total. Males. Females. Total.
6-10 years,
...
11-15
3
3
6
"
16-20
CO
3
77
:
21-25
5
5
""
:
:
:
:
26-30
4
1
5
""
31-35
3
I
""
36-40
I
"9
50-55
1
:
1
1
:
""
Total,
20
Ι
}
1
1
1
3
5
5
1
:.
:.
1
:.
:
1
24
1
2
CO
3
27
347
Annexe F.
REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER IN CHARGE OF VICTORIA GAOL.
The post of Medical Officer was held, in succession, by Dr. J. C. THOMSON and Dr. W. V. M. Kocu, for three and five months, respectively. My appointment dated from September 1st.
The general health of the Gaol Staff has been good.
The sanitary condition of the Gaol is satisfactory, though overcrowding still obtains.
The daily average number of prisoners was 697. The Belilios Reformatory, on account of its more healthy surroundings, has been used for the accommodation of 100, short sentence prisoners, which leaves a daily average population of 597 in the Gaol itself, which properly provides accommodation for only slightly over 500 inmates. However, the general health of the prisoners has been good.
This
The admissions to Hospital numbered 441, as compared with 893 last year. rednction, however, is due to the small number (179) being taken into the wards for pur- poses of observation, as compared with 624 last year. As the majority of these cases are found to be malingering this diminuti n is very satisfactory. There is a slight increase in the percentage of out-patients, that is, trivial cases, including parasitic skin conditions, treated in the cells. The rate of total sickness was 4.39% of the average daily population of the Gaol, as compared with 3.86 % in 1904, 5.77% in 1903 and 7.25% in 1902.
One case of Plague and two of Enteric Fever occurred. There were only 29 cases of Dysentery, which is below the average for previous years.
There were 52 cases of Malarial Fever, the figures for recent years being :-
1900. 1901;
1902,
1903,
1904, 1905,....
...163
98
63
93
59
لان
Newly admitted prisoners are carefully examined for parasitic and venereal disease, and, if necessary, put unler treatment forthwith; there were treated as out-patients 62 cases of Scabies, 303 Pediculosis, 97 Ringworm, 40 Syphilis (23 Primary, 17 Secondary and 24 Gonorrhea. The total number of out-patients, including the foregoing, was 1,020.
Two thousand nine hundred and eighty-four prisoners were vaccinated.
Two births occurred in the Female Prison. Mother and child did well in both cases.
Seven prisoners were discharged on medical grounds (beri-beri, lung diseases, &c.) as compared with twenty-two last year.
There were 13 deaths from natural causes. Three Europeans were executed.
No case of corporal punishment required any after-treatment.
I append the following Tables :--
I.
Diseases and Deaths in 1905.
II. Rate of Sickness and Mortality in 1905.
III. Vaccinations in the Gaol during the past ten years. IV. General Statistics of the Gaol during the past ten years.
WILLIAM B. A. MOORE.
Plague,
348
Table I.-DISEASES and DEATHS in VICTORIA GAOL HOSPITAL.
DISEASES.
Remain- ing in Hospital at end of
YEARLY TOTAL.
Total
Remain- ing in Cases Hospital
Remarks.
Treated. at end of
1904.
Admissions. Deaths.
1905.
GENERAL DESEASES,
Influenza,
Enteric Fever,
Dysentery,
Beri-beri,
Malarial Fever :-
(a) Intermittent, (b) Remittent,
Erysipelas,
Syphilis :-
Secondary,
Scurvy,
Alcoholism,
Rheumatism,
Debility,
LOCAL DISEASES,
Diseases of the Nervous System-
Functional Nervous Disorders-
Apoplexy,
Epilepsy,
Mental Diseases-
1
10
...
—2༐ ཿ༣ ཡ
1
10
ཌSདྡྷ ེ
2
29
49
1
1
4
1
1
1
29
30
1
1
Idiocy,
Mania,
Melancholia, ....
Dementia,
1
1
3
1
1
4
Diseases of the Circulatory System,
1
il
""
>>
Respiratory
39
39
99
""
""
Digestive
2
49
1
51
""
"
19
Lymphatic
1
Urinary
6
"
Cellular
2
11
27
*
Injuries, Local,
Poisons,
Under Observation,
1 179
1
179
Total,
8
441
13
149
Table II.-RATE of SICKNESS and MORTALITY in VICTORIA GOAL.
Total Number of :-
Cases treated
Daily Average Number of :-
Prisoners admitted to Gaol.
Admis- sions to
as
Deaths Prison- due to ers in Out-patients. Disease. Gaol. Hospital. patients.
Sick
in
Hos- pital.
Admissions Hospital to Hospital Out- to Total
Admissions to Gaol.
6,323 441
1,020
13 697.41
7.33 23.33
6.97
Rate per cent. of :-
Daily Average Daily Average of Sick in of All Sick Hospital to in Gaol to Daily Average Daily Average of Prisoners. | of Prisoners.
1.05
Deaths due to Disease to Total Admissions to Gaol.
4.39
0.2
349
Table III-NUMBER and RESULTS of VACCINATIONS in VICTORIA GAOL during the past ten years.
Number of
Years.
Prisoners Vaccinated.
Successful.
Unsuccessful.
Not inspected,
owing to early discharge from Gaol.
1896,
831
631
200
1897,
2,830
1,678
1.016
136
1898,
4,507
2,875
1,252
380
1899,
3,378
2,004
1,063
311
1900,
2,638
1,765
666
207
1901,
2,880
2,150
337
393
1902,
3,973
2,552
872
549
1903,
2,887
1,781
611
195
1904,
2,578
1,667
357.
554
1905,
2,984
2,106
288
590
Table IV.-GENERAL STATISTICS connected with VICTORIA GAOL and the GAOL HOSPITAL during the past ten years.
Admissions
Years.
Daily Average
Number
to the Gaol.
of Prisoners.
Number of Cases treated in Hospital.
Number of Out-patients.
Deaths due to Disease.
1896,
5,582
514
507
740
10
1897,
5,076
462
342
455
1898,
5,427
511
298
1,033
1899,
4,789
434
503
1,778
1900,
5,432
486
49.5
1,523
1901,
5,077
499
348
1,316
+610 a
4
9
1902,
5,988
576
516
1,760
6
1903,
7,273
653
568
1,715
16
1904,
7,464
726
893
1,173
17
1905,
6,323
697.41
441
1,020
13
1
1
350
Annexe G.
REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER IN THE NEW TERRITORIES.
The total register of new patients was 2,002, as against 2,464 in 1904; 2,196 in 1903; and 1,749 in 1902.
The number of old patients was 686, as against 1,005 in 1904; and 855 in 1903.
There have been 105 regular professional visits to the various outstations in the Territory.
Vaccinations performed free of cost: 75. There was no case of small-pox reported to me during the year.
Lepers. now 13 in number, have been regularly seen and treated. Ten of them are supplied with rice by the Government every day.
There was one birth of a leper girl on September. The baby was born with macules on her body. She was sent in to the Tung Wa Hospital by the order of the local Magistrate.
The number of malarial fever cases was 635, as against 552 in 1904; 525 in 1903; and 275 in 1902.
Table I shows the diseases treated at the Dispensary.
LAU LAI.
Table I.
Diseases treated at Dispensary.
Disease of the Organs of Respiration,
Disease of the lymphatic system,
No. of Cases.
145
>>
Circulation,
Digestion,
urinary system,
blood,
muscles,
59
313
21
5
103
27
""
skin,
eye,
ear,
General diseases :
Beri-beri,..... Malarial Fever, Syphilis, Injuries,
....
166
183
6
635
3333333
15
75.
268
Total,
2,002
3
248
Table XII.
Student Interpreters.
Name.
Date of Appointment.
Where employed.
Remarks.
•
Li Sik Lün, Tsang Shiu Lun, Wong Wai San,. Cheung Tsam, Lo Kam Chak, Lo Yuk Lai,.... Tang Tat Hung, Tsang Tam Fuk,. Wong Ka Tseung, Sung Tsui Lun, Fung Ping Shan,. Wong Shing Fan, Chung ( heuk Ki, Leung Tün Sheung, Wong Man Pui,. Ng Yuk Shu, Wong Tai Kau, Chan Man Kwong, Wong Li Kwong, Lau King Ching,
Chung Kam Trung
4th October, 1904.
6th March,
""
1st August,
""
>>
""
1905.
1905.
1st December, 1901.
Resigned. (1)
"
39
""
39
"J
Police Department. Sanitary Board.
Dismissed. (2)
""
""
>>
>>
Resigned. (3) Dismissed. (4)
22
""
8th February, 1903.
14th
Reg. General's Office. Sanitary Board.
14th April,
1903.
Resigned
Sanitary Board.
""
22nd June,
1903.
""
10th July,
1903.
Police Department.
""
19
9th September, 1903.
"
27th July,
1904
(1.) On account of ill-health, while a Student Interpreter.
(2.) For misconduct. while a Student Interperter.
(3.) Allowed to resign after appointment to Registrar General's Office on forfeiture of bond. (4) For laziness, while a Student Interpreter.
APPENDIX A.
REPORT OF THE PO LEUNG KUK, FOR THE YEAR 1905.
The following twelve gentlemen were elected to act as Managing Committee for the year 1905:--
CHAN LOK CHUN. CHAN PUI KAI. CHIU CHAU Sám. CHU KAN WAN. KU FAI SHÁN. KWAN FONG KUK. Moк Tso TSÜN.
PUN TSZ WAN.
SIU YUEN FAI.
TONG TSZ SAU. TsoI KWAI NG. WAI MIN TSAI.
During the year Mr. LAU WAI CHUEN and Mr. WEI LONG SHAN resigned their posts on the Permanent Board of Directors and pending appointments being made to fill their places, the Registrar General acted as Treasurer. Mr. CHIU CHAU SÁM and Mr. KU FAI SHAN have since been appointed members of the Permanent Board and been elected Trea-
surers.
A statement of the Assets and Liabilities of the Society on the 31st December, (together with a statutory declaration to the truth of it made by the two Treasurers), and two state- ments, one shewing the working account and the other the revenue and expenditure during the year, are attached.
1
?
249
The Balance to the credit of the Society on the 31st December, was $15,372.74, com- pared with $15,809.25 at the close of 1904. Of this balance, $15,000 is a portion of the endowment fund and not to be trenched upon. This sum is now placed on fixed deposit with five Chinese banks. The increase in the expenditure is due to an increase in the wages of the staff and to an expenditure of $900 on repairs, alterations and painting. The rooms on the ground floor of the women's quarters have always been damp, and an examination by the Sanitary Department showed that concreting the ground surface was required. This has been done and the windows opening on the street at the back have been enlarged.
The subscriptions collected during the year amounted to $7,765, as against $8,175 in 1904 and $5,715 in 1903. The Committee in charge of the various Religious Ceremonies held on Feast Days at the Man Mo Temple subscribed $1,890 and the lessees of the Chinese Theatres $1,500. The Society has to thank His Excellency the Governor for a subscription of one hundred dollars, and the pawn-shop guild for doubling their subscription. The Opium Farmer also claims our thanks for an annual subscription.
The annual sum spent by the Managing Committee was $9,300.27, compared with $8,432.19 in the preceding year. Messrs. Lo MUI SHEK and FOR SHIU CHI kindly under- took the task of auditing the accounts.
The Visiting Justices du ing the year have been Mr. DUNCAN CLARK and Mr. CHAU SIU KI.
Monthly Meetings of the Permanent Board of Direction have been held, and have been attended by two or more Members of the Annual Committee.
A return is attached showing the accommodation of the Home, the number of the staff. the number of women and children admitted during the year, and the disposition made in each case.
Four hundred and Seven (407) women, 102 girls and 21 small boys, making a total of 530 individuals, were admitted into the Home.
”
The women's quarters have been visited on Fridays by Mrs. WELLS, and on Saturdays by Mrs FONG and some friends, and the Board of Directors beg to thank these ladies for their help and sympathy. The services of a suitable Chinese teacher have been procured, and the Inspector of Schools has undertaken to give advice as to the books and the course of study most suitable.
The Home has fortunately been comparatively free from beri-beri, and any cases which do not show themselves to be amenable to treatment are sent to the Fong Pin Yi Sho Hospital in Canton.
The Society is deeply indebted to the Tung Wah Hospital for placing the whole of the building and grounds now used as a dispensary at their disposal. This will give the inmates the use of a piece of ground shaded by trees and will render it possible to make the separa- tion of the various classes complete. The Hospital has leased the building and grounds to the Society for a nominal rent of one dollar a year. As soon as arrangements have been made for the accommodation of the out-patients elsewhere the Society will move into occupa-
tion.
New regulations for the control of the women and girls sent to a Place of Refuge by the Registrar General were made by the Governor-in-Council on the 11th September, 1905, (see Government Notification No. 578 of 1905).
His Excellency the Governor visited the Po Leung Kuk on the 24th November, and the Board of Direction has now under consideration the best means of carrying out the suggestions made by His Excellency to render the life of the inmates as bright and happy as is possible under the circumstances.
The Inspecting, Medical Officer's Report for the year is attached:
28th February, 1906.
A. W. BREWIN, President.
HO KAI, Vice-President.
250
Statement showing Particulars of Expenditure by the Working Committee from the 1st January
to the 31st December, 1905.
RECEIPTS.
Balance from previous year,
Received from Permanent Board,
Premium on bank notes...
Sale of 24 bags,
kitchen refuse,
>>
old stones,
">
C.
EXPENDITURE.
$ c.
233.94 -8,950.00
68.95f 4.20
By Wages of clerks,
754.00
detectives,
559.40
"
"
*
་་
porters,
208.00
male servants,
223.75
12 45
matron,
344.00
7.00
femalé servants. -
345.00
•
Subscribed for the purpose of giving a New
Year's dinner to the Wards by members
of the Annual Committee.
Ditto by the Registrar General and charitable
,
21
teachers of needle work,
62.00
teachers,
84.00
10.00
"
night woman,
33.50
barber.
26.00
individuals,
Commission from China rire Insurance,
100.00
**
Rice,
770.83
4.21
Oil.
149 94
9:
Tobacco and soap,
42.24
Tea.
9.00
**
Fruit.
51.86
Firewood.
523.81
ཝཱ
Food for clerks, detectives and servants,
Food for teachers and female servants.
233.40
112.84
Food for wards.
Extr meals.
"
Pamboo ware.....
Stationery,
Porcelain and earthen ware,
་་
Cloth.
Mats and carpets.
€90 96
152.60
68.48
12857
46.27
67.01
53.65
Slippers.
Printing minutes of monthly meetings of
the. Permanent Board and books,
Subscriptions to newspapers,
120.10
104 10
41.60
Flowers, ................
30.00
Gas.
Photographs.
Disinfectants,
Rep.irs.
Painting,
513.17
27.35
41.50
328.49
495.91
Gas fittings.
15.50
+1
Clown Rent for Lot No. 1356...........
32.00
Passage for destitutes and postage,
175 56
Insurance.
325.82'
4
Hire of jinrickshaw and boats by detectives,
131.43
Water rate,
6.00'
14
Wire nettings and labour,
233.38
1
+4
Concreting floor,
183.20
Architect's fee,
25.00
1
Enlarging windows.
135.00
Cushions,
59.38
Wages of temporary female servants, Sundries,
Balance....
41 25 493.12b
90.48,
Total,
9,390.75%
Total.....
9,390.75
Return showing number of beds, of the staff, and. of the persons whose cases have been dealt with by the Po Leung Kuk during the year 1905.
Beds for the inmates,
Number of staff,
76
.17
Women.
Girls. Boys.
Total.
Inmates in the Home on 31st December, 1904, Total admitted during the year 1905,
59
14
1
74
349
88
20
456
Total,
407
102
21
530
:
251
Restored to parents or relatives or sent to
Charitable Institutions in China,
Sent to Missionary School,
Sent to Convents,
Married,
Adopted,
Died,
Permitted to leave,
Still in charge of the Society,
Total,
Male destitutes sent home,.
Women.
Girls.
Boys.
Total.
131
56
18
205
13
12
25
12
15
27
60
60
...
2
13
15
3
145
145
43
6
1
50
407
102
21
530
PERMANENT COMMITTÉE.
Statement of Working Account from 1st January to 31st December.
Receipts.
..
Expenditure.
C.
To Balance :~
Ou fixed deposit,...
At current account,
15,000.00 Working Committee, &c.,.
8,950.00
Interest on deposit,
Subscriptions:
His Excellency the Governor,
Barber shops,
Boarding Louses,.
809.25 Interest ou overdraft, .... 802.50 | On fixed deposit,
54.01 15,000.00
100.00
15.00
Balance at current account with Hong-
kong and Shanghai Bank,
372.74
90.00
Californian firms,.
150.00
Chinese banki,..........
75.00
Commission agents,
300.00
Compradores,
375.00
Compradore shops,
60.00
Copper and Iron shops,
60.00
Cotton Yarn shops,..
75.00
Crude medicine shops,
60.00
Dried fruit shops,
60.00
Fish wholesale dealers,
30.00
Flour shops,...................
150.00
Foreign goods shops,
30.00
Fresh fish dealers,
48.00
Fruit and vegetable wholesale dealers,.
30.00
Ginseng shops,
120.00
Gold shops,...
60,00
Insurance Companies,.
225.00
Man Mo Temple,
1,890.00
Mat bag shops,
75.00
Nam Pak Hong,
300.00
Old clothes shops,
12.00
Opium shops,
150.00
Opium Farmer,
50.00
Paint dealers,
60.00
Pawn shops,
120.00
Piece goods shops,
420.00
Pig dealers,
60.00
Pork sellers,
54.00
Poultry dealers,
40.00
Rattan shops,
69.00
37
"
employees,..
18.00
Restaurants,
490.00
Rice shops,
Salt fish shops,
Tailors,
150.00
Sandalwood shops,
60.00
60.00
25.00
Ten merchants,
28.50
Theatre Lessces,
1,500.00
Tobacco shops, Tin shops,
15.00 14.50
Total,
$ 24,376.75
Total,...
.$ 24,376.75
232
Statement of Assets and Liabilities of the "A." Pó Leung Kuk Incorporated Society on the
31st December, 1905.
Assets.
Ou fixed deposit in bands of the Sui Kat, Hung Ui, Ming San, Shing Tak and Sui Cheung Banks...
At current account with Hongkong and
Shanghai Bank,
Totul,
..
15,000.00
372.74
.$
15,372.74
Liabilities.
Nil.
招晝三
古輝山
}
This is the statement marked “A” referred to in the Declaration of CHIN CHAU-SAM and Ku FAI-SHAN declared before me this 17th day of February, 1906.
A. SETHI, J.P.,
Victoria.
We, CHIU CHAU-SAM and KU FAI-SHAN, members of the Board of Direction of the Po Leung Kuk, Incorporated Society, do solemnly and sincerely declare that the attached statement of the Assets and Liabilities of the above Society on the 31st December, 1905, marked A and signed with our names on the 17th February, 1906, is a true statement, and we make this solemn declaration conscientiously believing the same to be true and by virtue of the provisions of "The Statutory Declarations Act 1835."
招書三 古輝山
Declared by the declarants CHIU CHAU-SAM and KU FAI-SHAN at Victoria, Hongkong, this 17th February one thousand nine hundred and six through the interpretation of N. G. NOLAN of Hongkong, the said N. G. NOLAN having been also first sworn that he had truly, distinctly and audibly interpreted the contents of this document to the said declarants. and that he would truly and faithfully interpret the declaration about to be administered
unto them.
Before me,
A. SETH, J.P.,
Victoria.
N. G. NOLAN,
Sworn Interpreter.
You do solemnly and sincerely swear that you well understand the English and Chinese languages and that you have truly, distinctly, and audibly interpreted the contents of this document to the declarants CHIU CHAU-SAM and KU FAI-SHAN, and that you will truly and faithfully interpret the declaration about to be administered to them.
N. G. NOLAN,
Sworn Interpreter.
Sworn at the Supreme Court House in Hongkong, this 17th day of February, 1906.
Before me,
A. SETH, J.P.
Medical Report on the Pó Leung Kuk for the Year 1905.
The general health of the inmates of the Pó Léung Kuk has throughout 1905 been very satisfactory. There have been few cases of serious illness, and only one death, due to diarrhoea. No cases of infectious disease oc urred. The Table attached shows the nature of the diseases that have been under treatment.
The building is in a good sanitary condition; the dormitories are kept clean; and the clothing and persons of the inmates are carefully attended to.
The food supplied is wholesome and abundant.
J. C. THOMSON, M.D., D.T.M., D.P.H.,
Inspecting Medical Officer.
253
Table showing Cases treated at Pó Léung Kuk during the Year 1095.
Malarial Fever, Tertian,
Beri-beri,..
Syphilis,
Diseases of Nervous System,
""
Eye,..
>>
""
Respiratory System,
""
">
Digestive System,
""
""
29
Urinary System, Connective Tissue,
""
"
Skin,...
Injuries, Parturition,..
6
.20
3
5
1
..20
9
1
2
8
3
१
1
79
Appendix B.
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS of the Tung Wa Ilospital for the Yuet Chi year (1905).
RECEIPTS.
C.
PAYMENTS.
To Annual Subscriptions of Hongs,
Subscriptions collected on steamers,.
12,127.40
3,397.27
By Food, (of Employés),
Salaries,
5,025,87
11,825.20
and Donations,
1,475.19
Drugs,
13,113.96-
و,
""
"
20% of Subscriptions collected by
Sick Room expenses,
11,021.23
21
""
Interest,
""
>>
the Man Mo Temple,....... Subscriptions by Directors and As-
sistant Directors and Committee, Subscribed by Charitable persous
for the purpose of supplying medicines, quilted clothing and coffins,......
Payments for medicine supplied, sale of kitchen refuse, and rent of mortuary,
Subscriptions of various shops,
Annual Subscription from wealthy
persons,
,, Rent of the Hospital property,
,, Government grant,
For the maintenance of coolies re-
turned from South Africa, Balance brought forward from the
406.60
2,500.00
Free cemetery,
10,687.29
Sundries,
5,588.58
3,918.30
Repairs,
2,709.65
Insurance,
""
""
Crown rent,
932.71 245.33
27
Stationery,
977.21
6
1.964.17
""
Furniture,
26.60
""
Building expenses,
154.50
""
Branch Hospital wages and food
2,052.971
of employés,
243.00
735.15 1,836.50
""
Branch Hospital Plague expen-
diture,
2,208.89
1
Coffins,
""
3,170.00
""
Quilted clothing,
2,827.46 57.46
+
29,959.521%
6,000.00
Balance,
15,015.39
Kap Shan year,
13,117.251
Total,........... ..$
82,660.34
Total,
$ 82,660.34
254
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES at the close of the year of Yuet Chi (1905).
LIABILITIES.
AMOUNT.
ASSETS.
c.
To Loan from Relief Fund,
Cheap sale of Rice
Fund,
8,440.60%
By Bank's balance.
:)
House property
(original
value) :-
29,681.33
"
::
Subscription for Hos-
pital Extension,
15,226.69%
22
19
Man Mo Temple Fund,
5,860.49,2
Balance,..
59,209.11 83,720.15
9
2 houses in Bonham Strand and
Jervois Street.
1 house in Wing Lok Street (including cost of additions to buildings),
Total,
$ 142,929.27
AMOUNT.
C.
c.
15,015.39%
10,400.00
8,108.2$
"
10 houses in Aberdeen Street and Tung Wa Lane (including cost of additions to buildings),
14,900.00
*
2 houses in Connaught Road
and Des Voeux Road,
17,386.00
"
7 houses in Queen's Road West
(including cost of additions
to buildings),
30,363.00
2 houses in Bouham Strand
West,.
26,000.00
59
3 houses in Bonham Strand,.
15,000.00
"
Subscriptions not yet paid,
122,157,28
6,756.60
Total,...
$142,929.27&
L
L
7
No. 17
1906
HONGKONG,
REPORTS OF THE CAPTAIN SUPERINTENDENT OF POLICE, AND OF THE
SUPERINTENDENT OF FIRE BRIGADE, FOR THE YEAR 1905.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
The total of all cases reported to the Police was 11,517, as against 11,812 in 1904, being a decrease of 295 or 2.49 per cent.
In the division of these cases into Serious and Minor Offences, there appears a decrease, as compared with 1904, of 548 cases, or 15.51 per cent. in the former, and an increase of 253 cases, or 3.05 per cent. in the latter.
The decrease, as compared with 1904 in Serious Offences, of 548 is shown as follows:-
Robbery,
Burglary or Larceny in dwelling,
Piracy,
Unlawful Possession,
Larcenies,
Felonies not already given,
6
44
1
.143
...302
56
552
Deduct increase in
Murder,
Assault with intent to rob,
Total,.
2
4
548
2. Table I shows the number and character of the Serious and Minor Offences reported to the Police during the past year, and the number of persons convicted and discharged in connection with these offences.
MURDER.
3. On the 6th January, a Philippino, named PAGUIN, passenger on board the S.S. Tre- mont in the Harbour, murdered a Philippino passenger and injured another. He afterwards swam ashore and attacked a rickshaw coolie named CHEUNG FUNG, aged 44, who was at the time sitting in his vehicle near Queen's Street, causing such injuries that he died in Hospital next day. PAGUIN was arrested, convicted at the Criminal Sessions and sentenced to death. The sentence was subsequently commuted to imprisonment for life.
On the night of the 11th March, SIU SU and his son SIU YING residing at 124, Wong Nai Wu in the Yaumati District, heard men carrying pigs past their house. They at the time thought their pigs were being stolen and went out to arrest them. One of the six was armed with a revolver and fired on SIU SHU and his son, both of whom were badly injured and removed to Hospital. SIU SHU recovered from his injuries but SIU YING, aged 27, died next day. No arrest was made.
On the 20th June, the body of SHEK KAU, aged 20, was picked up in the Harbour off the Quarry Bay Shipyard. Deceased was a boat girl and lived in a house boat at Shaukiwan. At 10 p.m. on the night of the 20th June she left in her boat to ply for hire. At that time she was wearing jewellery value $35. When the body was picked up the jewellery was miss- ing, it is supposed robbery was the motive. One man was arrested, and acquitted at the Criminal Sessions.
416
On the 12th August, LAU YING, aged 61, late cook employed at No. 26, Hillier Street, was removed to the Government Civil Hospital suffering from a stab wound in the breast, inflicted by an unknown Chinese who entered the house and stabbed the man while lying in his bed. He died in Hospital a few hours after his admission. No arrest was made.
On the 11th October, CHIU CHAU, aged 24, servant, late lift-boy in the Hongkong Hotel, was removed to the Government Civil Hospital suffering from stab wounds in the body in- flicted by a man aged about 25. The affray took place in Queen's Road at the junction of Queen's Road and Hollywood Road. Deceased chased the assassin into Wo Fung Street, where he dropped and his murderer escaped. No arrest was made.
On the 24th November, the body of an Indian named MUSTA KIM, aged 30, late watch- man on board the S.S. Ying King was found in a trunk on the foreshore at Lai Chi Kok, the body had a bullet wound in the bead. Six Indians were arrested, 3 discharged by the Police Magistrate, and 3 acquitted at the Criminal Sessions.
JUSTIFIABLE HOMICIDE.
4. On the 3rd October, CHAN MING, aged 26, one of the crew of licensed fishing boat No. 1585, was removed to the Government Civil Hospital suffering from a bullet wound in the abdomen caused by Detective 457, LAI KUN-FUK, who fired a revolver in self-defence. The injured man died in Hospital shortly after admittance. The Constable while attempt- ing to effect the arrest of deceased and others whom he suspected of being coal thieves was knocked into the water by the crews of several boats who tried to drown him. While in the water he drew his revolver and fired. An enquiry was held by the Police Magistrate into the cause of death of CHAN MING, the Jury returned a verdict of justifiable homicide. One of the aggressors was arrested and convicted at the Criminal Sessions and sentenced to 9 months' imprisonment with hard labour.
MANSLAUGHTER.
5. On the 16th February, the body of CHAI SHI, aged 35, coolie employed on excava- tion works below Parsee Point and living in the Kun Fuk matshed was removed to the Public Mortuary. It appears that deceased and a man named CHAN SHING employed at the same place were skylarking and deceased was struck in the side when he dropped and ex- pired. CHAN SHING was arrested and discharged by the Police Magistrate.
On the 15th March, THEOBALD OLSEN, aged 24, seaman on the sailing ship King George, had a quarrel with another seaman named MANUEL EAMANDES. The latter stabbed the former in the groin with a knife and he died on board from the result of his injuries. EMANDES was arrested, convicted at the Criminal Sessions, and sentenced to 3 years' imprisonment with hard labour.
On the 17th April, while Lo CHAP, aged 18 years, and her partner Ho MI were con- veying 3 male passengers in their boat across the Shaukiwan Harbour from Shaukiwan West to Shaukiwan, while skylarking with one of the passengers, Lo CHAP accidentally fell into the Harbour and was drowned. The man was arrested, and discharged by the Police
Magistrate.
On the 11th June, LAM KWAI, female, aged 58, residing at No. 2, Cosmopolitan Dock died from shock the result of having been precipitated into the Harbour during a collision between a Dock launch and the steam-launch Kam Shang, which occurred in the Harbour between Douglas buoy and the Pier. The coxwains of the launches were arrested, and discharged by the Magistrate.
On the 27th July, CHUNG YIU, aged 38, was killed by a fall down a flight of steps between Caine Road and Arbuthnot Road. The man was calling out his wares in a pro- hibited district and ran down the steps to avoid being arrested by I.P.C. 758, Анmed Deen, who was charged and committed for trial at the Criminal Sessions, but no indictment was filed.
On the 28th July, AARON ELLIS, aged 25, tailor's cutter, was arrested on a charge of having caused the death of Gunner RICHARD SAMPSON who was found unconscious on Battery Path on the 17th July, and died in Hospital the same day. ELLIS was convicted at the Criminal Sessions and sentenced to pay a fine of $500.
417
On the 2nd August, LIU FUK Ox, aged 29, residing at 20 Praya, Fuk Tsun Heung, died suddenly in the house; the body was removed to the Public Mortuary, the cause of death being a ruptured spleen. It was said deceased was assaulted by a man named TAI Kun FUNG, who was arrested, and discharged by the Magistrate.
On the 20th August, CHOI KWONG, aged 18, glass blower, residing at No. 1, Yuk Sau Lane, quarrelled and fought with another glass blower named LAM PUI, and died from the result of his injuries. LAM PUI was arrested, and convicted at the Criminal Sessions, and sentenced to 4 months' imprisonment with hard labour.
On the 21st September, YAU KAM, aged 28 years, living in a matshed and employed as a coolie on the reclamation works at Tsim Sha Tsui, died from injuries the result of having been beaten by 4 foremen employed on the works. All four were arrested, 3 were convicted at the Criminal Sessions, and sentenced to 5 years' imprisonment with hard labour, and the
• other was acquitted.
On the 28th September, LO SAM KIU, aged 65, residing at Chung Po Village, in the Pat Heung Valley. Au Tau District, had a quarrel with his two brothers, named Lo KUM MUI, aged 69, and LO FAT HING, aged 59, who assaulted him, and he died the same day from the result of his injuries. They buried the body on the 4th October. One was convicted at the Criminal Sessions, and sentenced to 3 years' imprisonment with hard labour, and the other discharged. A third person was also arrested and charged but no indictment was filed.
On the 17th October, the steam-launch Evening Star collided with and capsized a rowing boat No. 3502 while sailing in the Harbour between the French Mail buoy and Blake Pier with the result that two persons lost their lives. The master of the launch was arrested, and discharged by the Police Magistrate.
On the 25th October, Lo CHI, aged 38, carpenter, was found outside of No. 8, Yee Yick Lane, suffering from a broken thigh which necessitated his removal to the Government Civil Hospital where he died next day. It was alleged that deceased was in the house and a dis- pute arose over a woman and that he was chased by a number of men, and to avoid capture, attempted to climb into the adjoining house; a wooden support on which he was standing broke away and deceased fell into the street. One man was arrested, and discharged by the Police Magistrate.
On the 7th November, KwOK HONG, aged 20, washerman, was removed to the Govern- ment Civil Hospital from Kowloon City suffering from injuries of which he died the same day, the result of having been beaten by a number of men. Five were convicted by the Police Magistrate of assault and I was convicted at the Criminal Sessions on a charge of manslaughter, and sentenced to 3 years' imprisonment with hard labour.
GANG ROBBERIES.
6. There were 22 gang robberies reported during the year. In connection with 9 of these cases, 26 prisoners were arrested, 24 being convicted and 2 discharged. In 13 cases no arrest was made.
Five of these robberies took place in the City of Victoria, 1 occurring in the Eastern, 2 in the Central, and 2 in the Western District.
Of the remaining 17, 1 was reported from Yaumati District and 16 were reported from the New Territory.
STREET AND HIGHWAY ROBBERIES.
7. Thirteen cases were reported, of which 4 occurred in the New Territory. In con- nection with three of these cases, 4 persons were arrested, 3 being convicted and I discharged.
In 10 cases no arrest was made.
ROBBERIES ON BOATS AND JUNKS.
8. Thirteen cases were reported, of which 7 occurred in the New Territory. In connec- tion with 2 of these cases, 6 persons were arrested, 3 being convicted and 3 discharged. In the remaining 11 cases, no arrest was made.
418
FELONIES NOT ALREADY GIVEN.
9. Under this heading are comprised the following:
Arson and attempted arson,...
Attempt to wreck a tram car,
Sodomy,
Cutting and Wounding,.
Demanding money by menaces,
Detaining for ransom,
Embezzlement,
Forgery,
Housebreaking,
Manslaughter,
Shooting and Wounding with intent to do grievous bodily
harm,
Throwing corrosive fluid,
Total,.....
4
1
1
5
5
1
42
13
91
13
}
5
2
.183
GAMBLING.
10. Ninety-eight Gambling Warrants. were executed and convictions obtained, as against 70 in 1904; 3 being lottery cases.
In 23 cases no gambling was found. It is not easy to say whether these figures in- dicate a great increase in gambling or only that the Police have been more successful in obtaining information.
PROPERTY REPORTED STOLEN and PROPERTY RECOVEred.
11. The value of the property reported stolen during the year was $258,736.18. Of this sum, $109,186 comes under the category of larcenies by bailees, i.e., thefts and frauds by trusted servants (clerks, shroffs, compradores, etc.), a class of crime which police cannot pre- vent and in which, owing to the ease with which the offenders can escape from the Colony and the difficulty of tracing them, it is very hard to obtain arrests and convictions. The sums so stolen are sometimes very large. There were two such thefts of $52,000 and $20,210 respectively from a Bank, and eight others of $1,000 and upwards, including one of $13,000, from other persons.
The value of the property recovered by the Police and restored to owners was $47,622.80.
LOST PROPERTY.
12. The following is a return showing property lost or recovered during the year 1905:-
Articles reported lost.
Value lost.
Articles recovered and Articles found which were not re- ported lost.
Value found.
249
$9,810.27
117
$2,587
OPIUM WARRANTS.
13. Three thousand nine hundred and fifty-one (3,951) Search Warrants for prepared opium were executed by the Police and Excise Officers of the Opium Farmer, as compared with 2,444 in 1904. In 1,109 cases opium was found and 1,419 persons were arrested.
419
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
14. The Examiner of Weights and Measures made the following verifications:
European scales, Chinese scales,
Yard measures,.
Examined.
Correct.
Incorrect.
393
31
12
1,970
1,957
13
171
171
329
329
...
Chek measures,.
The following prosecutions were instituted under the Weights and Measures Ordi-
nance:
No. of Cases. 25
Convictions. 25
Total Amount of Fines. $1,060.
DANGEROUS GOODS ORDINANCE.
15. The following prosecutions were instituted under the Dangerous Goods Ordi-
nance:
No. of Cases.
16
Convictions. 16
Total Amount of Fines. $90.
FOOD AND DRUGS ORDINANCE.
16. Samples collected and sent to Analyst were as follows:-
Whisky.
6
Brandy.
1
Rum.
1
Beer.
13
All these samples were certified to be genuine.
MENDICANTS.
17. Two beggars were dealt with by the Police Magistrate and two sent to Tung Wah Hospital, of whom one was sent twice to the Hospital. 133 were deported to Canton and 1 to Shan Mi, as follows:-
How often sent away.
Once,
Twice,
Thrice,
....
Four Times,
Total,.....
Canton.
118.
11
3
1
133
Shan Mi.
1
...
...
1
DEAD BODIES.
18. A new Table (V) is attached showing the number of unknown dead bodies found by the Police "dumped" in the streets and elsewhere during each month of the year.
420
LICENCES.
19. The following licences were issued during 1905:-
1,175 Hongkong Jinrickshas.
50 Quarry Bay 200 Kowloon
29 Private Vehicles.
1,142 Truck Licences.
"J
654 Hongkong Chairs.
60 Hill District Chairs.
14 Gharis.
14,062 Drivers and Bearers.
DOGS ORDINANCE.
20. 1,986 dogs were licensed during 1905.
12 watch dogs were licensed, free of charge.
126 dogs were destroyed.
83 dogs were seized and restored to owners or ransomed.
ARMS ORDINANCE.
21. 5 licences to import and deal in arms and 2 to deal in sporting arms and ammuni- tion, were issued during 1905.
During the whole year a Proclamation has been in force prohibiting the export of arms. and ammunition from the Colony.
The following arms and ammunition were seized and confiscated during the year, viz.:- 20 revolvers, 57 muskets, 17 rifles, 10 swords, 2 shot guns, 3 fighting irons, 922 rounds revolver ammunition, 382 rounds rifle ammunition, 91 lbs. powder, 205 lbs. dynamite, 6 spears, 10 boxes percussion caps, 100 empty shells, 1,000 Primers, and one set loading tools.
EDUCATION.
22. During the year, 7 Europeans and 68 Indians obtained certificates for knowledge of Chinese, and 8 Indians obtained certificates for English.
I append a report from Mr. J. K. DEALY, master in charge, on the work of the Police School during the year. (Appendix A.)
}
BARRACKS.
23. Taku Leng Block House was opened and occupied by the Police on the 2nd March, 1905.
The work of adding a storey to the Central Station was commenced in September, 1904, and completed in June, 1905.
INSPECTIONS.
24. All Stations have been formally inspected each quarter by the Deputy or Assistant Superintendent, and I have myself made at least one surprise inspection of each Station (except one, since inspected), besides repeated surprise visits to most of the more accessible Stations.
IDENTIFICATION BY FINGER IMPRESSIONS.
25. In April, 1904, shortly after my return from leave, I introduced into the Gaol Mr. HENRY'S Systein of taking finger prints of all criminals before discharge. Finger prints of persons who are banished from the Colony, or passed through here on banishment from the Straits Settlements or elsewhere are also taken, by the detective staff, and added to the collection. On the 31st December, 1905, the collection numbered 3,514 male records and 212 female.
!
:
421
Since October, 1904 the finger prints of all persons arrested for all criminal offences have been taken by Police at the time of arrest, for the purpose of detecting previous con- victions. The old system of taking the prisoners into the gaol to see whether the warders can recognize them as old offenders has been continued concurrently. By means of the finger prints I identified during the year 123 persons as being old offenders. Of these, 103 had served sentences in gaol, 19 had been convicted of unlawful possession and paid their fines, and 1 was a man who had been banished from the Straits Settlements. Of the 103 who had been in gaol all except 7 were recognised independently by the warders, but those who had not been in gaol would, but for the finger prints, almost certainly have gone unrecognised as previous offenders.
CONDUCT.
26. The conduct of the European Contigent has been on the whole very good. The total number of reports against them was 73, as against 74 in 1904. There were 12 reports for being drunk or under the influence of drink, of which 5 were "on duty" or "for duty' as against 13 in 1904, the remainder being off duty; 1 for asleep on duty (same as last year), 12 for disorderly conduct, and 12 for neglect of duty.
The conduct of the Indian Contingent shows a marked improvement on the previous year and may be considered satisfactory. There were 384 reports, as against 514 for the preceding year. For drunkenness there were 36, as against 56, for disorderly conduct 20, as against 31, for neglect of duty 31, as against 53, for absence from duty 75, as against 78, for gossiping and idling on duty 83, as against 94, and for asleep on duty 15, as against 29. Six Indian Constables were convicted by the Police Magistrate-3 for assault, 1 for inde- cent assault and 2 for bringing a false charge.
The behaviour of the Chinese Contingent was a little better than in 1904 but can hardly vet be considered satisfactory. There were altogether 996 reports, as against 1,031 in 1904. There was one report for drunkenness (same as last year), 87 for asleep on duty, as against 126, 35 for disorderly conduct, as against 29, and 361 for minor offences, as against 405.
Ten Chinese Constables were convicted by the Police Magistrate-2 for assault, 5 for larceny, 1 for misconduct, 1 for desertion and 1 for allowing a prisoner to escape.
The seamen, coxswains and stokers had 242 reports, as compared with 256 for last year. For drunkenness there was 1, as against 5 in 1904, 147 for absence from station and late for duty, as against 133 in the previous year.
One seaman was convicted by the Police Magistrate for larceny and one stoker for absence from duty.
REWARDS.
27. One Chinese Detective was granted rewards on three different occasions—(1) for good work done in successful raiding up a big lottery establishment, (2) for good work done in connection with a case of armed robbery on Lantao Island, (3) for success in arresting a man for burglary at Mong Kok. One Chinese Detective for good work done in an armed robbery case and one Indian Constable for creditable capture of two men for the theft of bullocks at Sha Tau Kok.
HEALTH.
28. Admissions to Hospital during the last three years were as follows:-
Nationality.
Europeans, Indians,.
Chinese,
1903. Strength,
1904. Strength,
1905. Strength,
921.
993.
1,018.
122
111
102
407-
317
407
193
226
187
Return of Police treated in Government Civil Hospital for fever or dengue fever from 1st January to 31st December, 1905:---
Europeans, Indians,........
Chinese,.
Nationality.
Old Territory.
13 87
26
New Territory.
1
12
1
422
In addition to cases treated in Hospital for fever or dengue fever from the New Terri- tory, the following number of cases were treated for fever in the various Stations in the New Territory without being removed to Hospital, viz. :---
Europeans, 6. Indians, 62.
EXECUTIVE STAFF.
Chinese, 11.
29. The Deputy Superintendent (Captain F. W. LYONS) returned from leave on 16th February, Mr. E. R. HALLIFAX acted during his absence, and Mr. E. D. C. WOLFE acted as Assistant Superintendent in the New Territory..
The Assistant Superintendent (Mr. E. R. HALLIFAX) was seconded to the Transvaal Government on the 8th March. Mr. S. B. C. Ross acted for him up to 21st December, and Mr. G. N. ORME from then till 31st December.
The Second Assistant Superintendent (Mr. P. P. J. WODEHOUSE) returned from leave. on 2nd November.
POLICE FORCE,
30. Twenty-five Europeans were engaged during the year--9 were recruited in England, and 16 enlisted locally. Of these 16, 3 resigned and 4 were dismissed.
Table VI shows changes in the personnel of the Force during the year, and Table VII the numbers of the several Contingents and the total cost for the past five years.
NEW TERRITORY.
31. I attach a report on the policing of the New Territory by Mr. ORME. (Appendix B.. and Table VIII.)
20th February, 1906.
F. J. BADELEY, Captain Superintendent of Police.
Appendix A.
Report on the Police School, 1905.
POLICE SCHOOL,
HONGKONG, 1st January, 1906.
SIR, I have the honour to submit to you the report on the Police School during the year ended December 31st.
2. School was open 99 times. The total number of attendances made was 6,514, which gives an average daily attendance of 65.8. These figures are an improvement on those of last year. The daily average would have been even higher, but, during the early part of the year, a number of Indian Police were excused attendance at School because they were lodged. in matsheds near Statue Wharf, while the Central Barracks were being enlarged.
3. There have been 409 men in School during the past twelve months, viz. :—
European Police,
Indian Police, Chinese Police, Gaol Staff,....
Garden Boys,
30
.132
181
64 2
4. Ten certificates-eight to Europeans and two to Indians-granting exemption from compulsory attendance, have been gained during the year, seven in February, two in August and one in November.
5. Mr. GRANT, the second master, went on twelve months' leave in November; his place has been temporarily filled by Mr. R. J. BIRBECK, B.A., (Cantab.).—I have, etc.,
T. K. DEALY, Intes. Arts (London).
Master in Charge.
F. J. BADELEY, Esq.,
Captain Superintendent of Police.
423
Appendix B.
Report on the New Territory for the Year 1905.
1. During the year 1905 there was not a large amount of serious crime in the New Territory and it was chiefly remarkable for its equal distribution through the year, of which the early part produced fewer robberies than the later, and the period before and after Chinese New Year was free from the robberies by which it is usually characterised. The North- west borders of the Territory (previous to the erection of the block-house mentioned below) and the South of Mirs Bay with the Island of Ping Chau, again suffered most from these depredations; however the last successful raid upon Ping Chau Island induced the islanders .to obtain permission to form a guard, which has repulsed a subsequent attempt at robbery ; it is to be hoped that a similar spirit of enterprise may in future animate other parts of the Territory.
2. As usual, the large majority of the minor offences were contraventions of the Opium Ordinance; larcenies have been of rare occurrence and it is noticeable that debts are seldom denied or disputed, which greatly facilitates the administration of justice.
3. What was formerly the most exposed part of the Territory is now well protected by the block-house at the Ta Ku Ling, on the North of the Sheung Shui District. This was commenced on January 27th, at which date 1 Indian Sergeant and 4 Indian Constables (of whom 2 Constables were detailed from Sheung Shui and the others from the Central) were accommodated in tents close by, until they moved into the quarters in March. The block- house is connected by telephone with Sheung Shui and Sha Tau Kok and has proved of inestimable value.
4. The general health of the Force has been good. The strength at Au Tau has suffer- ed considerably from fever, and Sai Kung has been affected in the same way; but the cases were distributed among a small number of the men, while others felt no ill effects. By re- moving the former as soon as they are found to be susceptible, it may be possible consider- ably to lessen this form of sickness.
5. The past year has been distinguished in the New Territory by two excellent crops of rice, and by appearances of increased prosperity throughout most districts, shown in the construction of new houses and in a constant demand for theatrical performances: but I regret that this has not led to an increased readiness to pay rent. The redemption of land for the new road led to prompter payments by the districts concerned, and it is pleasant to report that the poorer districts of Sai Kung and Sha Tau Kok have paid without pressure, but the South-western districts of Tsin Wan and Tai Lam Chung have paid nothing, and owing to their distance from the Police Stations it is difficult to collect these rents. Nor has much success attended the arrangements made with certain elders for the maintenance of certain roads in the Territory.
Throughout the year the Chinese officials on the frontier have co-operated with the Police in a most friendly manner.
G. N. ORME,
Assistant Superintendent of Police.
1905.
Robberies with violence
from the
person.
Burglaries.
TABLE I.
RETURN of SERIOUS and MINOR OFFENCES reported to have been committed during, the Year 1905, with the Results of such Reports.
Felonies
Larcenies in Dwelling
Assaults
with Intent Larcenics.
not
already
to rob.
Houses.
#
given.
Assaults
and
Disorderly
Conduct.
Gambling.
Kidnapping.
Offences against Ord.
4 of 1897, (Protection
of Women
& Girls.)
Uniawful
l'ossession.
Piracy.
Euro-
Miscellaneous
Jeans
and Indians. Chinese. Ameri-
Total.
Offences.
cans.
IV.LOL
Է
-
:
31:0
G1
:
:
L
99
628
686
3-1
36; 1
TM
2
1,023
83
1,038 8-1 1,130
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.'
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Drunkenness.
Nuisances.
No Pass or Light.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
No. of Pers ns convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
OF
ALL
CASES.
January, ...
February,..
7
March,............、
April,
May', ........
June, ......
July, ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Angust, ....
September,.
**
5
N
4
פא
2
-
6 2
**
R
9
:
2 1 .. 16
1 9
.. 21
2
2
:
188 83
19 16
8 1 105 139 16 15 76
126 57: 10 15 9
156 67 18
อง
& 3 1 8J
ce
$39
57
80
. 3
14
28 8
1
1
1
1
11 13 1
118 16 8
I
6
4
2
30 31
11
11
I
8
.. 21
3
148 81
20 12
3
~
83 100
11
6
97
**
5
21
.. 28
1
..
3
2
26
..
4
સ્ત્ર
-
:
:
:
..
:
3
2
1
23
25
1
..
..
107 91 22 24
11 2119
167 18 15 | 104 |
..
1
1
..
2
..
25
03
5
:
..
:
:
:
181
81 33 19 13
1-
7
121: 228
16
|9
14 ទ
10
2
지
7
21
21
K
11
-
3
2
..
17
..
..
:
185
72
23] 15
6127
4
200
15
13 85 12
5 5 1
..
20 30 3
13
:
..
6 1
..
:
09
..
..
27
4
1
2
..
8 1 2 18
-
.. 167 73 18 13
8
<->
2
07
187 117
•
4 131
23 16 10
19
19
149,
2❘ 22
89 52
1 1
..
10 7 4
21 26
2
193 12
18 191 1
2 3
8
4
31 35 7
25
October, ...
..
..
November,.
3
:
:
December,..
..
11
3
..
18
:
17!
..
:
73 14 17
3
5 117
170
17
..
..
..
:
1
*
1
20
19
•1
+4
8
:
→
ક
..
20
1 1
165
74
13 17
-
11 101
138
20 20 202
2
4 1
6
4
8 2 23 26
G
•
5
:|
:
..
21
,
..
165 78
10
L
30 12
1 1 95
120 12 20 | 181
2
1
10
10
..
5 19: 17
..
..
TOTAL,.. 48
30
6 74 13 2 256
14
co
8
~
G
2,036 053 246 189
45 1,23) 1,828 | 165 | 178 |1,401 87
15
6
7 75 59
ཚ
3J 284, 303
10
:
:
13
79
310 935
18
26 6 4
9
802
32
539
IF
159
05
520
553
52
45 5
•
1
108
08
852
8:
0 8
3
23 50
164
561
40
70; 11
2 Ꮪ0 . 66
878
8:9
8
128
F33
608 51
28 4 2
..
907
95 1,027 99
1,089
83595
•
80
530
612
3-1
25
G
10
3300
#8
•
1,015 107
1,030
A.
66
68
68
..
466
401
187
54 32
21
918)
..
480
548
27 18 1
559 30
12
12
75
••
504
505
39
26..
30
..
..
13
119
*
453 497 35
35
23 2
6
70)
15
..
*169 120 93 35 11
15 4
1
9:5
ོ
91
953 21
1,001
888 115
| 200
116
187
دوم
7
..
1,065.
80 1,114
83 1,003
2 1,100 78 1,134
8
9.1
16
953 101
128
08
951
190
800
70 03 85
909
101 1 113
5,842,6,663 15 372 55
70 21 10,921 079 11,363 1,059
11,517
* 1 case for breach of Bankruptcy Ordinance, 1 prisoner undecided not entered.
་་
424
r
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No.
of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
Į No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cruelty to
Contempt of Court) & False Charge and Breach of Bankruptcy Ordce.
ous Driving.
Animals, & Furi
Breach of
Goods and
Dangerous
Arms Ords.
Totals,
5
10 14.. 35 72
4
+++
321 382 377
17 2 2 1
00
8 8
..
N
21
43
~
CO
Cases reported.
No.
of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
| No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
| Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
| Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
Men-
[dicants.}
Unlicensed
llawking.
Street Crics.
Breach of Spirits
Ordinances. and Opium
Breach of Registration Ordinance.
TABLE II.
RETURN of MISCELLANEOUS OFFENCES reported to have been committed during the Year 1905, with the Results of such Reports.
Desertion,
Refusal and
Neglect of
Luty.
Rogues
and
Vagabonds, Suspicious Characters
and Vagrants.
Breach of
Breach of
Public
Vehicles
Breach
Merchant
of
Shipping
Consolidation
Emigr.
Ordinance.
Ordinance.
Ord.
Breach of Police, Gaol, Deportation
and
Prevention
of Crime
Ordinances.
Breach of
Pawnbrokers, Markets and
Weights and
asure.
Intimidation,
Extortion, Bribery and
Conspiracy.
Cutting
Trees
or
Earth.
Damage to Property.
commit
Su cille.
Trespass.
Spurious Coin.
Obtaining Goods,
or Money by False Pretences.
Attempt to
1905.
ลง
22
w
N
2
15 13
~
628
686
6
10
835 18
10
11
555
32
7
7
1 464
561
40
'
19
12 3011
7
7
2
533
51
1
16 21
મ
520
31
3 9.17
.. 2 2. 11
12
4
487 554
$2
1,10 17
1.. 4
12 1
88
486
27
1
18:29
N
22 21 3 3
466
30
January, ...
57 53
16 | 17 ..
4
12 23
..
February, ..
13
15
6
7
..
1.. 19 20 8
18 18 1
41 52
163 164 4
6
•
..
Marchi,...
26 26
7
7
2
2
:
.. 16 17 2
26 27
“
56 91
3
22.. 297 291 15
3.
338
8
:
:
..
14 | 41 |
1
18 17 I
31 31
2
2
B
13
ورم
N
April, ...................
42 41..
9
..
6
4 2 2 11 15 1
29 27 17
62134 11 2|| 1| 1|220 222
7
6
9 .. 25 25
~
Q
:
Է:
:
10
11
w
12
12
сл
“
May,.
53 58 1 21 21
..
1
..
5 26 265
18 23
1 49 88 2
1.. 279 289
92 2
2
2
June, ......
58 61.. 18 18
4
..
3 1 11 12 2 10 9
1
55
| 021
2 33..22 254 | 18| 8 8 1
9 !
ลง
co
-
40 40
60 60
:
..
July, ................
49 52.. 22 22
..
5 4
1 | 24
27
2 25 32
1
62110
4
212194 191
10
3 2 2
7
2
45
46 ..
พ
ca
August, ......]
66 67
1-
શ્ર
:
6
6
..
223
23 5 31 32
27 58
5
11..250 254
7
8
7
27 28
་
ԷՅ
N
19 13
11
17
..
13 14
.. 14 25
N
September,. 1| 1....
39 41 ..
5 5
..
1 1
:
..
35
333
44
2 28 80
46 101
2...... 206 200
8
..
11 10
1 40 39
11
17 28
October,....
49 49 2
G 6
..
4 4
:
20
17
4
13 18
54 | 125 |
8
262 260 15
14 14 1 23 21
ט
:
"
13 21
November,.
65 69 1
Co
8
..
•
..
..
10
10 1
co
S 8
..
421 81
3
238 239 25
3 3 ..
37 38 1
1
7: 8
December,.. 1 1.. 85 50.. 15 15
..
3
2
>
I
16 13 5 22 22
..
53 110
..│....│.... 176] 181 4 2 1 1
9
♡
** 64 64
-
15
28
TOTAL,.. 22.. 572 586 10 140 142
..
26
28
26
20
10222 247 38 236 258 17 82 1,201 51 |14|11|| 42,919 2,934| 139 20 18 80186
|:
G454 456
4 13 12 1 22
19
5131 236 3151 43 7,27,22
* I case of breach of Bankruptcy Ordinance, 1 prisoner undecided not entered.
Note.-13 European, 1 Indian and 85 Chinese Prisoners absconded from bail.
17 23 2 2 3].
3....20 27| 1|
་
14 4 1|10|
I
-
6
2
2
2K 1
ប
→
8
1
505
425
39
*
2
433 497 35
1
N
000
460
33
149,237|34|17|22|
89 8.
88 93
165,542 6,663
405
YEAR.
"
TABLE III.
RETURN of SERIOUS OFFENCES reported to the POLICE, during the 10 Years ending 1905, showing the Number of Prisoners Arrested, Convicted and Discharged.
Murder.
Robbery.
Burglary
and
Larceny in
Dwelling House.
Felonies
Assault with
Kidnapping and Protection of
Intent to Rob.
Unlawful Possession.
Piracy.
Larceny.
All Serious Offences.
not already given.
Girls.
Women and
10
CA
20
3120
30
:
:
36
:
:
273 298
39
337
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Total No. arrested.
Cases reported.
-No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Total No. arrested.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Total No. arrested.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons
convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Total No. arrested.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No.
of Persons discharged.
Total No, arrested.
Cases
reported.
'No. of Persons
convicted.
| No. of Persons discharged.
Total No. arrested.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Total No. arrested.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Total No. arrested.
1896,
8: 2
1897,
8
00
4
t-
11 22
10
14159
32
ري
40
1
1898,
1
2
2
15
15
15170 29 7 36
:
01
1899,
G
*
8 $5
1900,
4
2
2
59
8888
48
23
***
711247
45 B 581316 57 21 78 7
25
42 20 62
**
O
M
Է-
Total,... 27
15
13 28 189 120 41 161 1,012 190
62 252 13
6
1901,
1902,
4
1903,
1904,
1805,
2
8 $2
4 66 39 26
51 15 66|301 43 6 49 651401 65 20 85
2
12
+ 99
52
42
94 481
53
19 72
1
54
16
17
331374
44
10
54
10
10
48
====
399
30
G
36 330
427
27
10 37 7
~
→
:
4
:
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted,
No. of Persons discharged.
Total No. arrested.
Cases reported.
No. of Persons convicted,
No. of Persons discharged.
Total No. arrested.
2
T
5
35
w
55
63
62 52 47 99
.59
40
3
$9
36 91
37 21
2223
18 50
...
37
58
12
1,770
970
139 1,109 73
23
:
398
386 70
436 454 49
3$9 384 59
3 434 448 80
456| 2,079
503 | 2,124 | 1,042
443 2,432 1,023
528 2,477 1,142
954 189 1,143 170
57
132 | 1,174|147 |
220 | 1,243|194
277 1,419 193
47 13
54 6
58
සට
30
29 522,3141,378 263 1,641 87 2,896 1,497 | 345|1,842
60|2,935|1,654
205 1,858
25
60 8,392 1,589 | 349|1,938 88 8,532 1,779 | 453|2,232
6233 223 | 141364|
Go
3|1,936| 1,970297|2,267 ||10,982 5,131
957 6,088 777 239 103 342 15,069 7,897 1,614 | 9,511
22
10 18 28
2 2
4 388
412
75
33
17 29 16
2
49
31
بات
90
73
90
68
* * *
40
71
33:106
37: 105
491 483 87
526 543 73
427
122 87
284
303 57
2 2 2 2 9
487 | 2,421 1,130
315
570 2,742 1,247 330
616 | 3,281 1,565
509 | 2,338 | 1,075
360 2,036 953
36 | 147 3,582 1,746 424 2,170 37 | 121 |2,984|1,473|| 401|1,874
42,116 2,163 379 2,512 12,818 5,9701,427 || 7,397 1,272 476 204 680 18,780 9,261 2,355 |11,616
73
297 1,862 412 | 152
239 | 1,314|239 | 111
246| 1,199 183 84
1,445 182
1,577 256
56 25
81 3,401 1,710
458 2,168
51 js
124 8,998 1,931
545 2,476
*
552074,862 2,401
527|2,928
426
Total.... 26 18' 12
30349 188 106 294 1,887 232 65 297 24 18
316284199 | 157 | 356
4 2
2
D G D
Average of 1st period. Average of 2nd period,
5.43.02.6 |5.6 37.8 24.0 8.2 32.2202.4 38.0 12.4 50.4|2.6 | 1.2
1.246.6 44.6 28.2 72.8 1.2) 0,6| 5.2 3.6 2.4 6.0 69.8 37.6 21.2 58.8877.4 46.4 13.0 59.4 4.8 2.6 0.6 3.256.8 39.8 31.4 71.2
0.6 386.0 394.0 59.4) 453.4 2176.4 1026,2191.4 1217.6 155.4 47.8 20.6 68.4 3013.8 1379.4 322.8 1902.2 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.8) 423,2 432,6 75.8 508.4 2563.6 1194,0 285.4 1479.4254.1 95.2 40.8 136.0 3756,0 1852.2 (171.0 | 2323,2
1
YEAR.
Cases
reported.
No. of Persons
convicted.
No. of Persons
discharged.
Total No.
arrested.
TABLE IV.
RETURN of MINOR OFFENCES reported to the POLICE, during the 10 Years ending 1905, showing Number of Prisoners Arrested, Convicted and Discharged.
ASSAULT.
GAMBLING.
MISCELLANEOUS.
DRUN-
Nuis-
KENNESS. ANCES.
No
LIGHT
OR PASS.
ALL MINOR Offences.
Cases
reported.
No. of Persons
convicted.
No. of Persons discharged.
Total No.
arrested.
1896,
1,135 | 1,441
219 1,660
126
1897,
1898,
1,765 | 2,380
1899,
1900,
1,414 |- 1,595
1,531
242
281
1,891 344
1,404 1,795 287 2,082 145 2,622 235
666
732 · 16
66
1,077
1,876 199
661
2,235 324
1,564
35
82885
748
4,342
5,147
70
1,599
3,265
5,190 336 1,245 732 4,122 4,588 412 4,950 132 1,132 4,531 5,412 307 5,719 731 3,170 3,434 320 3,754 3,625 375 4,000
343
780
161
939
133
715
182
1,039
Cases reported.
No. of Persons
convicted.
1901,
1902,
1903,
1904,
1905,
1,620 2,034 297 2,331 265 1,287 1,667 271 1,938 259 1,169 1,539 269 1,808 204 1,160 1,575 269 1,344 166 1,239 | 1,823 165 1,988 178
1,517 42
1,559
3,267
3,844
390 | 4,234
150
466
1,378 17
1,395
3,653 4,562
571 5,133
167
1,057
1,101
44
1,145
4,134 4,475
440 | 4,915
160
723
890
25
915
1,404 87
1,491
5,466 6,074
5,842
497 6,571
191
1,297
6,663 405 7,068
161
1,113
Total,
7,249| 9,102 1,373
10,475 1,059
4,700
242
4,942
19,430
22,156 1,757 23,913
944
4,718
3,627 37,027 35,958 | 3,372 | 39,330
Total,
6,475 8,638 1,271
9,909 1,072
6,290 215 6,505
22,362
25,6182,303 27,921
829
4,656
35,394 10,546 3,789 44,335
Cases
reported.
No. of Persons
convicted.
No. of Persons
discharged.
Total No.
arrested.
578
7,898
3,477 10,661 | 7,320 1506,733 | 6,999 765 7,764 7,661 8,869 604 9,473 5,631 5,690 671 6,361 6,341| 7,080 754 7,884
Average of 1st period,... 1449.8 1820.4 274.6 Average of 2nd period,... 1295.0 1727.6 254.2
2095.0211.8
1981.8214.4
940.0 48.4 988.4 1258.0 43.0 1301,0
3886.0
4431.2351.4 4782.6 188,8
943.6
725.4
7405.4 7191,6674.47866.0
4472.4
5123.6 | 460.6 (5584.2
165.8
931.2
7078.8 8109,2|757.8 8867.0
5,768 7,895 729 8,124 6,423| 7,607 839 8,466 6,390 | 7,115 753 7,868 8,280 | 8,539 791 9,330 8,533 9,890 657 10,547
427
UNDER 4 YEARS.
1995.
Male.
Female.
VICTORIA.
4 YEARS
AND OVER
KOWLOON.
UNDER 4 YEARS,
4 YEARS
AND OVER.
Sex
unknown.
*>{}]{
January,
14
3
8
February,
March,
14
6
:
10
12
9
10
April,
20
1.
18
May,
19
22
18
June,
29
26
4
20
July,
26
23
1
17
Angust,
22
23
6
September,
13
2
October,
25
5
November,
19
17
2
December,
24
14
2
4
Alami a31 A −1 00 00 00
4
6
ΟΙ
10
Female.
Male.
Total,
237
193
13
183
41
80
83
11
3
4
19
I
X
Female.
-- 10
Sex
unknown.
2
10 -
10:00 00
1
*}}} {{
4
1
TABLE V.
Dumped Bodies, 1905.
Feinale.
Male.
2
Female.
HARBOUR.
4 YEARS
4 YEARS
UNDER 4 YEARS.
UNDER 4 YEARS.
AND OVER.
AND OVER.
4
2
Sex
unknown.
10 00 00 CNRI
Male.
Female.
B
2
2
1
J
65
23
12
13
25
14
15
21
8
1
2
Male.
co
:
*0[Buy[
ELSEWHERE.
Sex.
unknown.
2
~ 2
Male.
Female.
I
74
56
68
111
113
1
149
121
74
2
19
=
JNPP O O O -NOOLA
4
...
6
1,068,
69
81
88
TOTAL.
428
429
TABLE VI.
RETURN SHOWING THE STRENGTH, ENLISTMENTS AND CASUALTIES IN THE POLICE FORCE, 1905
Nationality.
Strength of the Force.
Enlist-
ments.
Death.
Resigna- tion through sickness.
Resignation through Ex- piry of terms
Dismissal
or
otherwise.
Total Number of of service or Desertions. Casualties.
Europeans,
133
25
4
2
£
18
Indians,
382
70
27
24
61
Chinese,......
503
151
7
5
60
64
136
Total,.
1,018
246
14
14
95
92
215
#
This number includes the Police paid for by other Departments and Private Firms and also the Engineers, Coxswains, and Stokers, but is exclusive of :-
1. Captain Superintendent.
1 Deputy Superintendent.
2 Assistant Superintendents.
1 Accountant,
1 Clerk and Hindustani Interpreter.
3 Clerks.
6 Telephone Clerks.
80 Coolies.
TABLE VII.
TABLE SHOWING STRENGTH OF THE POLICE FORCE AND THE TOTAL EXPENDITURE
ON IT FOR FIVE YEARS.
STRENGTH OF THE FORCE.
Year.
Total Strength.
Total Expenditure.
Europeans.
Indians.
Chinese.
1901
145
366
409
920
$380,789.56
1902
133
367
419
919
392,248.85
1903
133
367
421.
921
509.991.75
1904
133
375
485
993
514,284.15
1905
133
382
503
1,018
517,453.04
430
TABLE VIII.
DISTRIBUTION OF POLICE IN THE NEW TERRITORY DURING THE YEAR 1905.
EUROPEANS.
INDIANS.
CHINESE.
CHINESE CREWS OF
LAUNCHES AND BOATS.
Kowloon City,. Sai Kung, Sha Tin..... Sha Tin Gap, Tai Po,....... Sha Tau Kok. Sheung Shui, Ta Ku Leng... San Tin, Au Tan,... Ping Shan,
Tai O,
Tung Chung, Cheung Chow, Lamma,. Water Police..
...
:
1
1 2 12
:
:
1
NHA
22
1
1
1
5
1
1
1
*
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
1
2
3
:
6
6
6
22
10
5
15 70 10 30
4
6
6
6
22 16 2
Assistant Supt. of Police.
Inspectors.
Police Sergeants.
Police Constables,
Police Sergeants.
Police Constables.
Sergeant Interpreters.
Chinese Constables.
Sergeants.
Coxswains.
Engineers.
Stokers.
Seamen.
Boatmen.
Boatswains.
*At Aberdeen.
Remarks.
15
No. 1906
HONGKONG.
RETURNS OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS, FOR THE YEAR 1905.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
No. 10.
MAGISTRACY, HONGKONG, 7th March, 1906.
SIR,-I have the honour to forward herewith the Annual Returns for the year 1905 in which are included those for the New Territory in accordance with instructions contained in C.S.O. 2670/05:-
I. Abstract of Cases during the year.
II. Return of Punishments awarded in respect of certain Classes of Offences dur-
ing the year.
III. List of Offences tried during the year.
IV. Comparative Return of Cases for the past ten years.
I have, &c.,
The Honourable
THE COLONIAL SECRETARY.
F. A. HAZELAND,
Police Magistrate.
•
CLASSIFICATION OF OFFENCES.
TOTAL NUMBER
OF CASES.
TOTAL NUMBER OF
PRISONERS.
Convicted and
Punished.
Discharged.
Table I.
ABSTRACT of CASES under COGNIZANCE of the POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS during the Year 1905.
CASES, HOW DISPOSED OF, AND THE NUMBER OF MALE AMD FEMALE PRISONERS UNDER EACH HEAD.
Ordered to find Security.
*
WRITS ISSUED BY THE POLICE MAGISTRATES DURING THE YEAR 1905.
Warrants.
Committed for Tial
at the Supreme Court.
Committed to Prison or Detained pending Orders of H.E. the Governor.
To keep the
Peace.
=
M. F. M.
Assaults and other Offences againstį
the Person,.
931 1,268
572
39
362 38 29
Malicious Injuries to Property,
35
92
82
8
2
Gambling,
20.3
1,497
1,361 42
89
Offences against 'roperty other than Malicious Injuries to Pro- perty or Prælial Larceny, Offences against Revenue
1,831
2,285
1,507 $7 463
40
47
Acts.
Highway Acts, Health Acts, and other Acts relating to the Social Economy of the Colony, .... Offences against Masters and Ser- vants Acts, including Acts relat- ing to Indentured Coolies,
2,368 3,299
2,652 105
436
12
54
64
32
425
25
:
Other Offences,
8,023
Total,
9.970 8,303 | 637 714| 136 13,450' 18,473 | 14,512|912| 2,097 226 85
*
To be of Good
Behaviour.
To answer
any Charge.
Witnesses punished
for preferring false Charge or giving wilful false Testimony.
Undecided.
F. M. F. M. F. M. I. M. F. M. F. M. | F. M. F.
130 35
i
1 20
M.
1,148
-
00
B: 8
10
2
3 32
1 18
2
www.
:
:
::
::
67
Total Number of Prisoners.
Summons for Defendants.
Summons for Witnesses.
Notices of Re-hearing.
Arrests.
Distress.
Search.
For entering Gambling Houses.
Magistrates' Orders.
TOTAL.
F.
1202,468
11
1
210
47 4,663 175
92
1,455
42
87 2
2,150
135
3,179
120
14
7,589
:
4
62
2
10
:
:
7
1
19
65 18 10
2
46
4
9,169 801
2 19
1
209 | 57
95
9 8 2 .6
4
224
7 17,255 1.220 |2,468
11
210
474,663 175
14 7,589
TOTAL MALES AND FEMALES,
Consisting of Offenders not sentenced to Imprisonment.
18,475
400 --
401
Table II.
RETURN OF PUNISHMENTS AWARDED IN RESPECT OF CERTAIN CLASSES OF OFFENCES,
DURING THE YEAR 1905. \
PUNISHMENTS.
Assaults and other
Ma
Offences against Pro-
licious
perty other
Offences against Revenue Acts, Highway Acts,
Numbe
Offences
Injuries
Gam-than Malicious
Description.
of each against
kind inflicted. Person.
to bling.'
Injuries to
Pro-
the
Property
perty.
or Prædial Larceny.
Health Acts, and other Acts relating to the Social Economy of
the Colony.
Offences against Masters and Servants
Acts, including Acts relating to Indentured Coolies.
Other
Offen-
ces.
Fine,
10,972
421
71 1,140
353
2,326
17
6,644
Imprisonment in
lieu of fine or
security,..
2,800
79
6
265
227
386
14
1,823
Peremptory Im-
prisonment, ...
891
89
457
41
3
293
Whipping...
45
1
1
43.
Solitary Confine-
ment,
:
:
Exposed in
Stocks,
673
24
515
1
Sent to House of
Detention,
53
:
:
:
133
53
Bound over with
or without
Sureties,
380
204
2
50
27
1
96
Total,...... 15,814
818
82|1,408
1,615
2,784
င်း
9,042
402
Table III.
LIST OF OFFences Tried IN THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS During the YEAR 1905.
NCMBER NO. OF
OF
PRI-
CASES. SONERS.
No. of
No. OF
PRI-
CASES.
SONERS.
7011,048
5
27
44
2
1
21
29
18. 52
OFFENCES.
OFFENCES.
Arms Consolidation Ordinance--2 of 1900,—
Brought forward............................
Ammunition-Being in possession of,
3
ورم
Failing to furnish the Harbour Master with a manifest of,
Dangerous Goods Ordinance-1 of 1873.—
1
1
Arms-Carrying or having possession of, without a
permit,
17
-Dealing in, without a licence,
-Importing into the Colony without permit,
Bribery and certain other Misdemeanour Punishment
Ordinance-1 of 1898,-
Offering or accepting a bribe by a public servant, Banishment and Conditional Pardons Ordinance-1 of
1882,-
Banishment-Returning after,
Buildings Ordinance-1 of 1903.-
Blasting stones or excavations, &c.. to the danger of persons and property without taking proper precaution,
***
83
77
Storing, without a licence,
Selling, without a licence,
1
35
74
73
Ships, &c. neglecting to hoist a Red Flag or to exhibit
red light when laden with,
Unlawfully obtained throwing into water,
Dogs Ordinance-5 of 1893.—
Dogs-Unlicensed keeping of,
36 Employers and Servants Ordinance—45 of 1902,-
Breach of,
Extradition Acts of 1870-1873,-
Offences under,
Fire Investigation Ordinance-8 of 1895,-
Removing property from Premises under Fire In-
vestigation,
N
73
Matshed Kitchen, Maintaining other than in accord-
ance with Matshed Bye-laws,
1
Plans of Building-Neglecting to submit, to the
Director of Public Works,
11
11
Notices of Building Authority-Failing to comply
with,
100
107
Verandahs obstruction,
8
8
Bonfire-Making.......
Waste-pipe-Failing to repair,
Breach of the Peace,
Cattle Diseases Ordinance-1 of 1903,-
10
Building-Neglecting to use proper materials for
the erection of,
Foreign Offenders Detention Ordinance-1 of 1872,-
Offences under,
3
3
Cutting earth, or turf, and extracting stones from
Crown Land,..
79
167
Dangerous walls-Neglecting to pay the cost for
shoring up,
Fire-place-Failing to provide,
Boarded ceiling-Erecting without permission, Hoardings-Leaving in roadway to the danger of
passengers,
Encroachment on Crown Land,
Inflammable structures-Erecting, without permis-
sion of the Director of Public Works,
Matshed overcrowding,
121
1
2
Forgery Ordinance-4 of 1865,—
Forged Bank note,-Uttering, with intent to defraud. Forged documents-Uttering, with intent to de-
fraud,
Document-Forging, with intent to defraud,
Forts Protection Ordinance-3 of 1891,—
Battery, Fieldwork, or Fortification-Entering with-
out a written permit,
1 Fugitive Offenders Act of 1881,—
Offences under..........
12
Gambling Ordinance-2 of 1891,-
Common Gaming House-Keeping, or playing in, Lotteries-Dealing in,......
-Announcing the result of,
Street Gambling,
Watchmen to Strect Gamblers-Acting as..
Gambling on board in the Harbour,
Good Order and Cleanliness Ordinance-1 of 1845,-
Animals-Cruelty to,
1
1
2
2
1.
1
ao ob
3-
10
4
107 1,336
8 3 136-
༠
***** **
12-
35
96
31
Cattle-Landing at prohibited wharf, &c., or during
prohibited hours,
Pigs-Keeping, in a way which caused needless or
avoidable suffering to them,
Slaughter-houses, &c.—Slaughtering animals except
China & Corea Order in Council 1904,-
Proceedings under,
Chinese Emigration Consolidation Ordinance-1 of
1889,-
Chinese Boarding House-Unlicensed,
Decoying men or boys into or away from the
Colony,
etc., of lodgers,
9
2
Cattle turned loose on public ways,
Disorderly behaviour,
Dogs-Allowing unmuzzled, ferocious, to be at large,
-Keeping, accustomed to annoy passengers,
Firearms-Discharge to the danger of the Public, Furious driving,
10
10
569 1,081
8-
1
1
1
ક
9
N
2
Indecent exposure of person by bathing, or otherwise, Nuisances Hanging wet clothes, etc., over Public
10
1
1
ways......
6
7
5
-Throwing rubbish, etc., into the streets, Obstruction of roads and streets by hawkers and
shopkeepers.
125
137
1,181 1,351
(Ord. 7 of 1905),
15.
16
210 O
3
w
53
52
3
701 1,048
Chinese Boarding House-Failing to register names
Chinese Boarding House Licence-Breach of con-
ditions of,
Emigration Passage Broker-Failing to obtain licence, False Return to Emigration Officer-Furnishing, Personating Emigrants,
1
Shipment of Emigrants-Attempting to procure,.
Chinese Extradition Ordinance-7 of 1889,—
Closed Houses and Insanitary Dwellings Ordinance-1 of
1903,-
Backyards-Neglecting to keep, clear of obstruction, Basement floors-Inhabiting,
Basement-Used for preparation of food, Cubicles Breach of Regulations for,
Chinese Territory-Crimes and Offences committed
in,
Houses Neglecting to cleanse and limewash,
~****
"
192
•
44
175
3
19
Open space-Neglecting to provide an-in the rear
of building,
11
11
some condition..
Windows, &c.-Obstruction,
""
Premises-Neglecting to keep in clean and whole-
Coinage Offences Ordinance-7 of 1865,—
Counterfeit Coins-Being in possession of,
Common Law-
Conspiracy to pervert the course of Justice (Arch.
22nd Edition),
Perjury, (Ord. 2 of 1889),
Suicide Attempting to commit,
Cargo-working on sunday Ordinance—1 of 1891,-
Breach of,
Dangerous Goods Ordinance-1 of 1873,—
Carrying, uncovered in boat, or failing to cover with
serviceable tarpaulin,
Conveying or exposing for sale, without attaching
labels to cases or vessels containing the same, Junk-Lighting on board while laden with kerosine,
Carried forward,..........
Larceny as a bailee,
19
25
29
-common,
928 1,019
11
11
**
-from dwelling house..
"
-from the person...
21
13
"
-from ships or boats in the Harbour,
-Uttering or putting off,
5
4
"
from Godown,
-of cattle or other animals,
Menaces-Demanding money by..............
Robbery from the person,
Armed,
Stolen goods-Receiving,
with violence,
Goods stolen outside the Colony-Unlawful posses-
sion of,
Material particulars from account book--Falsely
omitting,
3
1
Licensing Consolidation Ordinance-S of 1887,-
Hawker's licence-Failing to exhibit in a conspicu-
ous place,
5
10
Carried forward,.............
| 4,618 | 7,337
22
49
50+
'' Šཎྜ ཝཾཏྟཾཀྐནྡྷབྷིཝིཙི
** 92* A*AN**2*--~*~~~
3.
67
Public Prostitutes-Soliciting persous in public place
Stones-Throwing to danger of the Iublic,
Unlawful possession of property,
Property Damage to,
Prevention of persons from working at lawful occu-
pation,
Obstruction accruing to Navigation,
2 Gunpowder and Fireworks Ordinance-14 of 1901,—
Fireworks-Exposing for sale in uncovered cases,
Larceny & other similar Offences Ordinance-5 of 1865,-
Burglary,
Embezzlement,
False pretences-Obtaining, or attempting to obtain,
goods or money by,
Felony Attempting to commit,
Breaking out from a Store after committing a. -Breaking into a house and committing a-
therein,
-Breaking into a house, with intent to commit, Housebreaking,...
1
1
2
2
263
315
of trees, shrubs, etc.,
57
76
5
7
00
3
3
403
LIST OF OFFENCES, ETC.,—Continued.
No..or
OFFENCES.
Brought forward,
Licensing Consolidation Ordinance-8 of 1887,-Cont.
Hawker's ́icence-Breach of conditions of, Hawking within the prescribed limits of Market,.
-Unlicensed,
Public Vehicles—Breach of Bye-laws for Quarry Bay,
No. of PRE- CASES.
SONERS.
OFFENCES.
4,618 7,337
*
**
"
99
27
"
"
"
6
8
313
305
676
655
16
20
-Not properly equipped,
2
21
Demanding more than legal fare,... –Obstruction of Streets by,
11
14
133
323
-Refusing to accept hire when un-
employed,
17
37
-Refusing to complete journey,
by C. S. P..
-Refusing to pay fare of,
-Using, for conveyance of merchan-
dise, or dead bodies of persons suffering from infectious diseases, - Drivers of---Unlicensed
28
30
ANO
2
??
-Stand-Taking up-unauthorised
23
114
Brought forward,
Merchant Shipping Consolidation Ordinance-10 of
1899,-Continued.
Seamen-Remaining behind Ship after having
signed the Articles.
-Refusal or neglect of duty by, in British
No. of
No. of
CASES.
PRI-
SONERS.
7,087 10,752
CP
3
3
108
108
Magistrate's Ordinance-3 of 1890,-
Disorderly behaviour while drunk,
201
193
Drunkenness,
159
158
False Charge Preferring or wilfully giving false
evidence,
Steam Whistles-Unnecessarily blowing.
со
8
10
Telegraph Cables-Anchoring within the limits of
Harbouring Chinese Married Women, (Ordinance 19
area of,
of 1903), ..
12
12
licensed,
Ship,
4
27
-Boarding House, Chinese-Keeping, un-
1.
1
1
2
2
138
148
9
6
9
42
40
-Forced on shore by master of British Ship. Ships, etc.—Anchorage or Harbour-Leaving with- out Clearance or during prohibited hours, -Lights-Neglecting to exhibit at night, —Master of-Neglecting to report on ar-
rival,
-Not having certificated Master, or En- gineer or Coxswain. ........
-Passengers-Carrying, in excess.
Steam Launch Exhibiting side lights not fitted
with inboard screens between sunset
and sunrise,
-Neglecting to paint the number of Licence and passengers in the bow,
Wharves-Embarking passengers at prohioited,
1
3
3
14
14
5
3
Insulting expression-Using, or behaving in an in-
sulting manner before Magistrate,
-Obstruction of, by boat people,
49
96
༤ ི་ྲ
6
12
12
Morphine Ordinance-9 of 1893,-
Recognizances-Breach of,.........
121
138
Breach of,
4
Malicious injuries to property Ordin înce – 6 of 1865,—
Arson,
Naval Stores Ordinance—1 of 1875,--
1
Injuries to property,
Injuries to trees or vegetable productions in Garden, Markets Ordinance-1 of 1903,-
Articles of food for man-Exposing for sale, in a
place other than a Public Market,
Fish, etc.-Selling, in Markets, not being holders
of stalls,
Market-Bye-laws, Breach of—Neglecting to clean
stalls &c., in,.......
-223
78
12
272
Anchorage of Ships-of-War-Dredging or searching
stores in,
8
17
Marine and Naval Stores-Dealers in, not keeping
books according to schedule.
1
>
"
Dealing in, without a
58
64
61
licence,
New Territories (Regulation) Ordinance-S of 1899,-
13
14
Burning Charcoal without a licence. North Borneo Extradition Ordinance-1 of 1896,
3
3
Crimes under,
1
1
";
-Obstructing the avenus of,`
-Sleeping in,
10
10
Nuisances Ordinance-1 of 1845,—
Chai Mui-Night noises, playing at the game known
Merchandise Marks Ordinance-1 of 1890,-
Breach of,
Signboard-Failing to have-in front of lau,
Unwholesome provisions-Exposing for sale, or
bringing into the colony,
Merchant Shipping Act, 1894,--
Seamen-Disobeying lawful orders of Masters in
British Ship,
Merchant Shipping Consolidation Ordinance-10 of
1899,-
Boarding Ship without permission,
Boats-Beating drums or gongs during prohibited
hours, or letting off fire-works
as,
92
128
Noises at night, making,
21
35
Street cries by hawkers,
142
141
Wheel barrows, allowing to squeak while in use, Noises in harbour, making,
17
28
2
5
1
-Common,
"
:>
:7
-Concealing the number of,
:1
—Establishing on forestore above low water
mark or within the enclosures of Typhoon
Offences against the person Ordinance-2 of 1865,—
Assault-Causing grievous bodily harm,..
-Destructive Substance-Throwing intent to do grievous bodily harm, -Indecent,
With intent to rob, (Ordinance 5 of 1865),... -Unnatural Offence-Committing or attempt-
24
61
**
*
19
ing,
Child Stealing,
Cutting and wounding with intent to do grievous
bodily harm,
3
7
711
976
with
212
922
1
10
17
11
2
10
11.
2
སྐབསླངས ན
13
3
14
22
6
2
81
"
Fishing Boat,
Cargo-boat Licence-Breach of conditions of, Fishing stakes - Failing to obtain licence, Fairways-Obstructing,
52
Fishing or killing fish with Dynamite without per-
mission.
Goods unlawfully obtained-Throwing into water,
Intoxicating liquor introduced into Sailors' Home,
Junk-Anchoring in prohibited place,
29
Misdescription of Dangerous Goods,.
Navigation Breach of rules of,
Nuisances in Harbour,
Quarantine Regulations-Breach of,
**
"
Refuge for a longer period than was ab- solutely necessary during stress of weather, -Making fast to ship under way, -Mooring or lying within the limits of Men-
of-War anchorage.
-Mooring inshore between the hours of 9 o'clock at night and gun-fire in the morning, -Refusing to accept hire, or to take passengers, -Refusing or Failing to snow licences to Police, -Refusing to stop o. go alongside Wharf when
called upon by Police,
Boats, &c.-Unlicensed,
Boat Licences-reach of conditions of,.........................
松江
12
3+
Gross Indecency,
29
52
Manslaughter,
Murder,
2
2
Workman, &c..-Intimidating,
Person-Detaining with intent to procure a ransom,
59 154 Opium (Prepared) Ordinances—S of 1851, & 10 of 1904.-
Excise Officer-Assault on,
སྶ
ཡསྶ
9
55
Prepared Opium-or compound of Opium, being in
possession of, without having valid certificates. False Declaration of value on importation of Co.
Opium-Making,
1 Opium Divan Keeping, Breach of (Ordinance 8 of 1891), 18 Pawnbrokers Ordinance-1 of 1860,-
Breach of, for not giving truc accounts by applicant, Pawnbrokers-Acting as, without a licence,
-Articles returned without payment of principal or interest (Magistrate's order),
37 Piers and Wharves Ordinance-11 of 1899,-
31
49
Wharves-Lying along end of
Pier-Neglecting to exhibit a Green Light on,.. Pilot Ordinance-3 of 1904,-
Breach of Regulations.
15
151
64Opium Ordinance—9 of 1887,—
8
Breach of Raw..............
118
11
19
3,140 3,057
1
1
109
109
3
3
3
1
27
።
Restrictions on carriage of Dangerous Goods,
cign Ships,..
Seamen-Absenting from duty, from British or For-
Desertion of, from British or Foreign
Poison Ordinance-1 of 1903,
Sale of,
1
1
6
1
1
1
19 Police Force Consolidation Ordinance --11 of 1900,-
Police Constables-Misconduct as,
Ships,
∙10
13
-Designation of a,
UT HE
5
*
-Disobeying lawful orders of Masters in
British or Foreign Ships,
Carried forward,..
23 118
7,087 10,752
Police Force Regulation Ordinance-11 of 1900—
Police Constables-Assault on, in execution of duty,
56
71
Carried forward.................
11,787 15,847
404
LIST OF OFFENCES, ETC.,- ·Continued.
OFFENCES.
Brought forward,
Police Force Regulation Ordinance-11 of 1900,―Contd.
Police Constables-Obstructing or resisting, in the
discharge of their duties,
Post Office Ordinancc-6 of 1900:-
10
Letters. &c.-Stealing, forging stamps and other
felonies.
1
1
Postmaster General-Infringing privileges of, Despatch of mails, Failure to comply with require-
ments of Ordinance,
10
11
2
Prevention of Crimes Ordinance-4 of 1887,-
Offences undei',
1
Private Vehicles Licensing Ordinance-5 of 1895,-
Private Vehicles-Unlicensed,
-Letting out for hire,
118
20
22
2
2
Vehicle Regulation Ordinance-3 of 1899,-
Carrying no lights between sunset and sunrise.
14
17
Causing damage by negligence or misbehaviour
(section 6).
14
IG
Drawing trucks in a prohibited thoroughfare,
34
40
during prohibited hours,
Prison Ordinance-4 of 1899,—
Breach of,
Not keeping rule of the road,
Public Assemblages (Regulation of Traffic) Ord. 2 of 1869,-
Breach of Regulations,
Public Buildings, Gardens, &c..-Regulations for mainten- ance of good order and preservation of property in, (Ordinance 2 of 1870).—
Public Gardens-Breach of Regulations for,
Public Health Ordinance-1 of 1903,
Bakehouse Bye-laws-Breach of.
41
Cemetery Cor¡ se, neglecting to report to Overseer of, Common Lodging Houses-Unlicensed keeping of,
15
Conservancy Contract-Breach of,
Dairy Bye-laws-Breach of,
Drain. &c.-Leaving open and unprotected,
Latrine Regulations-Breach of,
Laundries. Unregistered.
―vercrowding,
44
Magistrates Order-Failing to comply with.
16
Night soil or noxious waters-Carrying, during pro- hibited hours, or depositing in the streets,
10
-In an uncovered bucket,..
1
I
Nuisances Nelecting to abate, after notice served
by the Sanitary Board,
109
Offensive Trade Establishment-Breach of Bye-laws
made under
1
1
Overcrowding-In tenement house,
235
519
-In Opium Divan.
13
Uncleanly condition in Opium Divan,
Pigs, &c.-Keeping, without licence,
Pigwash-Carrying during prohibited hours.
17
Plague and other infectious discases-Neglecting to
report cases of.
2
2
Water Works--Breach of.
Prevention of the dissemination of plague by rats.—
Breach of the Bye-laws,
B
3
Weights and Measures Ordinance-2 of 1885.
Breach of.
NO. OF
NO. OF CASES.
PRI- SONERS.
11,787 15,847
to
15
16
QFFENCES.
Brought forward.....
Regulation of Chinese Ordinance-3 of 1888,—Contd.
Chinese Theatre-Breach of Conditions of Licence
for,
::
Rogues and Vagabonds. 5th of Geo. IV. Chapter 83, s. 4,-
Rogues and Vagabonds--As suspicious characters.
-Being in possession of house- breaking implements. -Found in dwelling house,
&c. for an unlawful purpose. -Found in vacant house.
-Wandering abroad and lod-
ging in the open air, .
Star Ferry Company Ordinance-46 of 1902–
Breach of Bye-laws.
Sale of Food and Drugs Ordinance-S of 1896.–
Breach of,
Servants Quarters Ordinance—11 of 1903.—
Using without permission..
Liquor Licence Ordinance-8 of 1898,-
Chinese Restaurant-Breach of.
Chinese Spirit Shop Regulations-Breach of. Eating House-Unlicensed keeping of,
-Breach of.........
Intoxicating Liquors-Selling without licence,
-Distilling without licence.
Public House-Permitting disorder in,
Ships (Prohibition of sale of Liquor) Ordinance-11 of
1886-
Spirituous Liquors. Selling on board ship or ap-
proaching ship for the purpose of selling,
Stone Cutters' Island Ordinance —t of 1889,--
Fort-Entering,
3Stowaways Ordinance-5 of 1903.-
-Aiding and abetting.
Stowaways.
-10 of 1897,—
The Small Tenements Recovery Oriinance-
Refusing or neglecting to deliver over to owner
possession of tenements.
26The Tramvays Ordinance-10 of 1902,—
Offences under,
Placing stones on Tramway line,
The Triad and Unlawful Societies Ordinance-2 of 1887,
Contraventions of, and Offences under,
123 The Uniform Ordinance-4 of 1895,-
Military Uniform-Wearing.
Vaccination Ordinance-2 of 1890,-
Offences under,...
24 Vagrancy Ordinance-3 of 1897,
16
No. of
CASES.
No. of PRI-
SONERS.
||12,758 | 17,382
c.
10
26
26
14
10
52
104
119
3
5
44 103
10
2
1
40
***
6
«2 = = 44༣ 62
SS
རྩ
30
33
5
.
མÚོ
72
64
Vagrants,
-Failing to return to House of Detention,
17
20
25 Water Works Ordinance-16 of 1903,-
Water--Wasting.
2 ** 8-Z
T
ལ。
17
24
Registration of Births and Deaths Ordinance-7 of 1896,-
Dead Bodies-Unlawful removal of,.
13
17
Death-Failing to report,
+
19
-Wilfully giving false information to l'olice conce'ning.
1
Regulation of Chinese Burials, and Prevention of certain
Wild Birds and Game Ordinance-6 of 1885,
Birds and Game-Unlicensed shooting or taking of, 6 Women and Girls' Protection Ordinance—4 of 1897,-
Abduction of girls under the age of 16 years,.. Decoying women or girls into or away from the
Colony.
3
5
-
7
18
19
Nuisances Ordinance-i of 1845,-
Detaining, harbouring, or receiving women or girls
Obeying calls of nature in the streets or in improper
for the purpose of prostitution,
places..
49
49
Indecent assault upon any female,
Roads and streets-Injury to,
B
G
Procuration of girls under 16 to have carnal connexion.
30 16:0
Shrubs, Trees-Cutting or destroying,
77
96
Trespass on rown Land,
172
251
Purchasing, pledging, or selling women or girls for
the purpose of prostitution.
7
Regulation of Chinese People Ordinance-1 of 1845,—
Mendicaney,
Detaining woman against her will with intent to
marry or carnally know her,
1
Regulation of Chinese Ordinance-3 of 1888,-
Taking away woman with intent to cause her to be
General,
Bills-Posting, without permission from Registrar
Drums and Gongs-Night noises by beating, Fireworks-Discharging, without permits,
married or carnally known,
2
2
22
1915 ස
Contagious Diseases-Permitting women, suffering
from-to remain in brothels.
12
12
38
Brothels or Lodging House for Prostitutes-Closing
Processions-Organising in the Public Street without
of,
42
92
a permit,
3 Undecided cases,
117
231
Carried forward,
|12,758 | 17,38
TOTAL,
13,450 |18,475
405
Table IV.
ABSTRACT of CASES brought under CoɑNIZANCE of the POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURTS during a period of
Ten Years, from 1st January, 1896, to 31st December, 1905, inclusive.
{
TOTAL NUMBER
Years.
OF.
CASES.
Convicted and Punished.
Discharged.
Commit- ted for Trial at
Supreme Court.
3
4
5
6 7
9
10
CASES, HOW DISPOSED OF, AND THE NUMBER OF Male and FemALE · PRISONERS UNDER Each Head.
Committed to Prison or
detained pending Or- der of His Excellency the Governor.
୪
Ordered to find Security
To keep the
Peace, to be of Good Beha- viour, and to answer any Charge.
Did not
and
appear.
absconded
Escaped before
Escaped.
being
brought
for trial at the Ma- gistracy.
B
14 15
Punished for preferring False Charge or giving False Testimony.
Undecided.
Total Number
of Defendants.
1
12
16
17
18
19
20
21
M.
F.
M.
F.
M. F.
M. F.
M. F.
3. M. | F. | M.
M.
P:
M P
M.
F
1896,... 17,767 16,659
797
1,371
203
62 21
1897,... 11,185
1898,... 13,341 12,668 834 1,196
1899,... 10,158 9,007 511
1990,... 14,081 13,149 501 2,416
10,237 548 1,481
151
73 12
93 65
Co
1,527
114 128 3
235 131
C+
6 1
3|
28
5
115
12
18,468 | 1,100
25
4
79
12,079 807
25
8
142
4
14,304 985
17
1 13
28
ون
10,800
646
Co
77
Co
8
15,932
764
4.
:
:
་
:
:
232 72
:
183 88
...
209 43
1
211
328
1
12
1
20
1
11
་
Total,..
66,532 61.715 3.191 7.991
796 459
44
17
925 235
Average
per Year,
13,306-4 12,343 638-21,598-2
159-2 91-88-8
84
4
185 47
.CO
:
S
፡
:
13,689 536 2,129 1901,... 14,531
1902,... 16,070 14,404 803 2,071
1903.... 14,268 12,900 553 2,104
13,129 796 1904,... 14,505
14,512 912 1905,... 18,450
147 1121
165 95
9.95
2
287
L
9
264
10 195
25
26
167 164
1,966
210
2,097
226 35
$88
9
8
211
83
7
148
་་་
2
19
1 $12 68
58.8
21
25
1 108
:
:
:
:
221-6
22
441 20
71,583 4,302
I
4.4
88-2
4
11.3:66 860-4
105 18
16,339 728
2
211
:
17,057 1,000 -
9
266
22
15 668 774
1
15
i
Co
75
15,424 1,035
224
17,255 1,220
Total.. 72,824 | 68,640 |3,000
10.307
915548 20
49
31,222 | 165
per Year,
Average 14,564.8 13,728 720 2,078-4
183109-6) 4
9.8
-6 | 2444
Grand
for the
Total | 189,356 |150 355 |6,791 | 18,358 1,7111,007 64
66
52,147 | 400
3
10 Years,
Average)
per Year,
|13,935'6 |13,0355 | 679-1 | 1,885-8 171-1 | 100-7 6-4.
6.G
52147 40 3.3
:
:
:
I 35
7
$81
47
81,743 4,737
:
2
"
•
7
1-4 176-2 9.4
16,348 6 951-4
2
143 29 1,822 67
158,3269,059
2143 2.9
182-2 67
|15,332-6 | 905 9
HONGKONG.
No. 18
16 1906
REPORT ON THE POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT FOR THE YEAR 1905,
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
STAFF.
1. There were no changes in the higher appointments, but among the Clerks and Sorters, 3 were transferred to other Government Departments and 18 resigned or were dismissed, and 1 died on his way to India.
2. There seems to be a tendency among junior clerks to look on employment in the Post Office as merely temporary, but it is to be hoped that the new grading system of salaries authorised during the year will have the effect of securing greater permanence in the staff.
3. Nine additional appointments were made during the year to meet the growing pressure of work.
*
4. The mails dealt with by the packets, as against 100,641 last year.
MAILS.
Postal Department amounted to 138,897 bags and Further details are given in Table I.
PILLAR-BOXES.
The
5. There are 5 Pillar-boxes on the Peak, 10 in Victoria and 6 in Kowloon. number of articles posted in these, during 1905, was 92,170, as against 66,746 in 1904, and 48,110 in 1903. This is a complete justification of the appointment of special messengers to clear these boxes instead of leaving that duty to postmen whose punctuality had to be sacrificed to the varying demands of deliveries.
REGISTRATION AND PARCEL BRANCH.
6. 638,977 registered articles and parcels were dealt with in the General Post Office, Hongkong, an increase of 39,919 with an average of 2,041 on each working day, as against 1,914 on the last annual returns. The greatest number handled on a single day was 7.011. In addition to this, 104,313 passed through the various Agencies but not through Hongkong, making a total for the Administration of 743,290.
7. An arrangement for the transmission of parcels to and from German New Guinea and the German South Sea Islands direct instead of viâ London as heretofore came into force on the 20th April, 1905.
8. During the year ending December 31st, 1905, two hundred and ten registered arti- cles and eight parcels, evidently intended to be despatched by Registered or Parcel Post, were found in the Drop-box of the General Office, they were sent to the Registration Branch and forwarded. Full particulars are given in Table II.
. REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.
9. A return of Revenue and Expenditure is given in Table III. The Revenue amounted to $414,833.19, being an increase of $6,379.27. Under Expenditure there is a very heavy increase of $268,692.69 due principally to the final settlement of the claim of the Imperial Post Office against this Colony for the share of the subsidy to the P. & O. Steam Navigation Company, from 1st February, 1898, to 31st January, 1905.
103
POSTAGE STAMPS.
10. A comparison of the different varieties of stamps issued for sale shows a falling off in most of the lower values. (Tables IV and V.)
MONEY ORDER.
11. The transaction in all currencies shew increased business. The figures indicate the growing popularity of Imperial Postal Notes and the convenience of allowing them to be cashed as well as issued.
12. Arrangements were made during the year for the direct exchange of Money Orders with Germany and German Colonies and also with Macao.
13. The rate of commission on Local Postal Notes has been reduced from 2% to 1%. Details of the business done are given in Tables VI, VII, and VIII.
DEAD LETTER OFFICE.
14. 63,485 articles of correspondence were dealt with in the Dead Letter Office during the year 1905-33,514 being returned by Hongkong to Other Administrations and 29,971 being received from Other Administrations. Of these latter, 7,415 originating in Hongkong or at its Agencies were returned to the senders, but a very large number of Chinese written letters, owing to the absence of any definite aldress of the sender or even the name of the sender, it was found impossible to return.
15. At the General Post Office the following correspondence failed to be delivered :- Foreign. Letters 8,292, Post Cards 363, Books. etc. 6,124; and Local.-Letters 1,785, Post Cards 118, Books, etc. 2,997. The first mentioned class were returned to their respective offices of origin, and form part of those mentioned as being returned by Hongkong, and of the last mentioned it was possible to return to the senders 2,954. In 42 ordinary letters opened in the Dead Letter Office and returned to the senders there were found the follow- ing: Money Orders to the value of £2.6.6., Postal Orders to the value of £22.3.0., Cheques for $5, 9s., and 5s., respectively, Bank Drafts for 15s. 6d., and $15 respectively, and in one letter a Bank Note for $5 and a 50-cent coin.
16. In addition to the above it may be mentioned that 40 Chinese letters were irregularly posted with coin (consisting in each case, with but one or two exceptions, of one or two Chinese cash). 23 of these were returned to the senders compulsorily registered and the remaining 17, owing to absence of sender's name or address, were destroyed, their contents being converted into local currency and paid into the credit of the Government under the head of Unpaid Postage.
17. A record was kept during this year of the number of Picture Post Cards which were posted without the name or address of the persons for whom they were intended, and these reached a total of 65. It may be interesting to mention that in not a few cases these Cards were posted in the same condition as they had been purchased, and consequently the senders could not be traced.
18 A new variety of Picture Post Card appeared bearing fictitious imitations of Post- age Stamps of the different countries of the world instead of the usual views. It was brought to the notice of this office by the General Post Office, London, which, at the same time, intimated that the admission of such Cards to the United Kingdom was prohibited by its Regulations. 123 of these Cards were returned by London and 11 others found at different times in the mails at this office addressed to places in the United Kingdom were withdrawn. Where the sender's name appeared on them they were returned. Up to the present, however, no other country in the Postal Union has intimated its refusal of admission to these Cards. (Table IX.)
19. In the various mails from different countries 1,362 articles, chiefly printed matter, were received without address, of these, 217 were subsequently delivered to claimants. In addition to this a very considerable number for which wrappers were found at once, were patched up and sent out without incurring any delay.
409
GENERAL.
20. The postage on letters to Australia was reduced to 4 cents for each oz. The Commonwealth reduced the rates of postage on letters and post cards from the Colonies to 2d. per each oz. and 1d. respectively.
21. A new Steam-launch was built for the Department during the improvement in accommodation and speed on its predecessor.
year,
and is a great
22. Early in the year there was a re-arrangement of the various branches so as to allow of the available space being used to the best advantage. This gave greater facilities for sorting correspondence for local delivery and box-holders, and gave better accommodation for the Enquiry and Poste Restante Branch, and left more room for the receipt and despatch of mails which are largely increasing in bulk.
23. The further extension of the Registration and Parcel Branch into the vacant hall below the Supreme Court gave a considerable increase of counter space and permitted the extension of the time up to which parcels could be received for despatch by the English Mail as well as considerable acceleration in the deliveries.
Hongkong, 29th March, 1906.
L. A. M. JOHNSTON, Postmaster General,
To and from Hongkong.
Table I.
MAILS DESPATCHED AND RECEIVED for 1905.
Sent in transit through Hongkong.
Steamers carrying Mails.
For H.M. For For-
eign Ships Ships. of War.
Bags. Packets.
Loose Letter Bags. Boxes.
Bags.
Bags and Arrivals Depart-
Packets.
ures.
Received, 1905,
Received, 1904,
71,127 3,053 1,842
6,741 52,070 3,00+ 1,713 4,536
4,959
12,039
4,135
10,292
Increase,
British Postal Agencies other
than through Hongkong
19,057
1,082
49
129
2,205
824
:
1,747
257
and Shanghai,
Despatched, 1905,
Despatched, 1904
57,338 7,379 1,292 41,566
6,789
4,001 1,261
3,841
4,201 46,302 3,113 44,102
Increase,
15,772
3,378
31
2,898
1,088 2,200
:
13,705 11,107
2,598
British Postal Agencies other
than through Hongkong
795
97
and Shanghai,
-410
Table II.
STATISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL LOCAL AND AGENCIES REGISTERED CORRESPONDENCE AND PARCELS FOR 1905.
International and Local.
Comparison with 1904.
Total
Total
Description of Correspondence.
1905.
1904.
Despatched. Received.
Increase. Decrease.
Insured Letters,
Registered Articles,..
214
367
581
555
26
240,223
319,253
559,476
534,455
25,021
Insured Parcels via Gibraltar,
Insured Parcels viâ Brindisi, Insured Parcels viâ Marseilles, Ordinary Parcels viâ Gibraltar, Ordinary Parcels viâ Brindisi,
2,440 131
1,743
4,183
4,531
348
150
281
359
78
269
269
144
15,533
11,233
26,766
23,319
441
293
734
695
125 3,447
¿
39
Ordinary Parcels via Marseilles,
916
916
670
246
America, Manila and Honolulu Parcels,
1,417
1,682
3,099
1,700
1,399
German Parcels by German Packets,
378
1,547
1,925
1,684
241
French Parcels received by French Packets,
618
618
481
137
Miscellaneous Parcels,
22,697
17,432
40,129
30,465
9,661
283,474
355,503 | 638,977|599,058| 40,345
426
Parcels received for China Fleet,
4,366
4,366
Parcels, Shanghai-Agencies,...
2,257
515
2,772
Parcels, Shanghai-London,
6,193
17,808
24,001
Registered Articles, Shanghai-Agencies,
36,288
36,096
72,384
Agencies Registered Articles,
308
482
790
45,046
59,267 104,313
Grand Total of Hongkong and Agencies for 1905—743,290.
Table III.
REVENCE AND EXPENDITURE.
Receipts.
1904.
1905.
Increase. Decrease. Expenditure. 1904.
1905.
Increase. Decrease.
$
$
$
$
Sale of Stamps, Hongkong............
Do., at the Agencies,
Unpaid Postage,
Boxholders' Fees.
203,880 46 | 267,242,02
3.361,56
103,626.14 104,246.92
620.78
Transit Payment to the United Kingdom,
56,649.82 21,822.86
31,826,90
6.633.07 6,187.32
5,880.38 6,143,40
145.75
Transit Payment to Other Conn- tries,
33,202.69 || (0,549.79
25.287.10
263.02
14,246.27 14,759.36 513.09
4,112.53
4,387.82
275.29
Commission oni Money Orders,
Profit on Ex- change on Money Order Transactions,
18.544.90 15,325.12
1,780.16
Gratuities to Shipmasters for the Conveyance
of Mails......
Contribution to- waris P. & V. Subsidy.....
Commission ont Money Orders,
65,474.59 | 326,287.81 : 260,$13.22
1,945.05 2,127.22 182.17
Interest on Money Order Fund,
338.37
459.45
121.08
Void Money
Orders and
309.27 174.60
Postal Notes,
Total Receipts,
Deficit, 1905...
Totals..
408,458.92 | 414,838,19 | 6.659.69 170,611.06
.$408,458.92 585,449.25
Purchase of
Steam Launch, {
134.67
13,363.00 13,363.00
3,598.87
Working Expenses, 153,311.88 | 156,910.75
280.42 Total Expenditure, 316.756,56 | 585,449.25 303,519.65 || 34,826.96
Profit, 1904,
Totals,
91,702.36
$ 408,458.92 | 585,449.25
!
.
*
+
411
Table IV.
POSTAGE STAMPS, ETC., ISSUED FOR SALE IN HONGKONG AND AT THE BRITISH POST OFFICES
IN CHINA DURING THE YEARS. 1904 and 1905.
Denomination.
1904.
1905.
Postage Stamps,
1-cent.
509,280
2-cent.
1,682,400
4-cent.
2,250,720
417.119 1,572,719 2,165,519
5-cent.
834,000
812,399
8-cent.
62,640
71,999
10-cent.
1,052,400
1,034,399
12-cent.
27,840
32,879
20-cent.
140,640
142,319
30-cent.
57,360
61,199
50-cent.
62,340
62,039
1-dollar.
51,057
50,699
2-dollar.
9,790
14,289
3-dollar.
4,950
5,639
5-dollar.
3,240
3,569
10-dollar.
3,940
4,509
Books of Stamps,
1-dollar.
3,040
4,910
Post Cards,
1-cent.
15,460
28,099
2-cent.
5,374
474
4-cent.
17,400
19,699
8-cent.
514
374
Newspaper Wrappers,
2-cent.
1,420
939
4-cent.
960
729
Postage Envelopes,
14-cent.
900
473
21-cent.
2,975
1,848
4-cent.
10,000
5,248
5}-cent.
725
348
101-cent.
1,443
573
Registration Envelopes,
11-cent.
9,568
9,995
Table V.
REVENUE FROM THE SALE OF STAMPS AT THE BRITISH POST OFFICES IN CHINA, 1904 AND 1905.
Shanghai,
Amoy,.....
Canton,
Chefoo,
Foochow,
Hankow,
Hoihow,
Lin Kung Tau,
Ningpo,
Swatow,..
1904.
1905.
$ 57,989.21
$ 62,683.29
4,706.15
5,510.99
9,484.09
10,075.22
1,304.04
1,774.98
5,023.30
4,591.14
4,448.22
4,534.28
1,386.12
1,305.47
11,159.52
7,606.80
Total,..
404.69
7,720.80
$103,626.14
436.41
5,728.34
$104,246.92
1
Table VI.
STATEMENT OF MONEY ORDER TRANSACTIONS.
IN STERLING.
IN GOLD DOLLARS.
IN GOLD YEN.
IN SILVER DOLLARS.
IN RUPEES.
£ s. d.
20,713 8 0
110 3 10
827 15 4
£. d.
9,457 + 1 10,461 0 0
S.
2,933 3 9
326 8 9
South Australia,
58 8 9
Tasmania,
81 7.11
United Kingdom,.....
Queensland,
New South Wales,
Victoria,
Orders Issued. Orders Paid. Orders Issued. Orders Paid. Orders Issued. Orders Paid. Orders Issued. Orders Paid. Orders Issued. Orders Paid,
1,542 2 8
1,217 15 8
573 7 0
$
Yen. Sen.
Yen. Sen.
€
C.
Rs As. Rs As.
New Zealand,
259 12 10
1,126 3 2
Western Australia,
140 1 10
Transvaal,
24 9 7
1,715 11 0
526 6 9
United States of America and Hawaii,
Canada,
4,203 64
1,634 31
15,154 85
4,758 35
Japan,
163,627 31
64,157 50
Straits Settlements,
.5,252
53.
Federated Malay States,.
156 27
18,993 03
11,159 02
British North Borneo,..
39 00
32,761 62
Siam,.
Shanghai,
216 15
45,951
1,078 37
68
21,509 90
Other Coast Ports,.
39,951 - 76
India,
Ceylon,.....
253,396 6
-5,140 2
140,046
7
7,851 6
Base Post Office,
976 21
Total for 1905,
22,541 16 10 29,552 14
1
Total for 1904,
19,603 11 10 29,950 5 8
5,837 95
5,446 91
19,913 20 17,634 08
162,627 31
165,018 27
61,157 50
34,013 39
63 |126,432 91 52,615 47,774 47|107,263
258,836 8
147,897 13
31
231,830 14
107,222 0
412
413
Table VII.
STATEMENT OF IMPERIAL POSTAL NOTES ISSUED AND PAID AT Hongkong anD AT THE BRITISH POSTAL AGENCIES IN CHINA.
NOTES ISSUED.
VALUES.
-6
d. S. d.
1-
S. d. s: d. S. d. S. d. 1,6 2/6 5|-. 10-
S. d. S. d. 10/6 | 20-
£
s. d.
Total in 1905,
466 | 1,893 1,256 | 1,252 | 2,120
2,559
312 5,809 8,139 6 0
Total in 1904,
6,902 18 0
NOTES PAID.
Total in 1905,..
Total in 1904 (3 months only),..
.£1,376 · 1 1 178 16 6
Table VIII.
Total in 1905,...
Total in 1904,.....
STATEMENT OF LOCAL POSTAL NOTES ISSUED AT HONGKONG AND AT THE
BRITISH POSTAL AGENCIES IN CHINA.
VALUES.
25 cts. 50 cts. $1.00 | $2.00 | $3.00 $4.00 $5.00 $10.00
217 256 208 195 223 221 375 852
Table IX.
cts.
12,728.25
15,140 50
RETURN OF DEAD LETTERS RECEIVED AND DESPATCHED IN DEAD LETTERS BRANCH.
RETURNED TO HONGKONG.
RETURNED BY HONGKONG.
Places.
Letters.
Post Cards.
Other Articles.
Letters.
Post Cards.
Other Articles.
United Kingdom,
3,117
589
473
2,600
382
9,109
India,
946
61
70
2,522
674
562
Straits Settlements,
1,522
41
6
1,945
46
352
Ceylon,
385
55
11
118
28
37
Batavia, N. I.,
276
5
348
14
9
Egypt,..
60
13
10
101
31
95
Continent of Europe,.
1,035
445
1,606
U. S. of America,
2,190
111
175
1,940
129
2,234
Canada,
219
13
11
226
16
92
Mexico,
97
3
...
Japan,
270
89
270
496
207
291
China,'.
552
20
178
2,988
158
347
French Indo-China,
52
13
413
252
14
91
Macao......
6
2
170
93
4
2
Foreign Offices in China,
5
259
44
23
Siam,
362
4
40
4
16
Manila,
242
6
6
345
24'
48
Honolulu,
90
1
15
Victoria,
103
9
9
96
11
New South Wales,
87
11
11
182
46
South America,
7
1
1
27
Western Australia,.
58
3
9
37
Queensland,.
Tasmania,
50
64
10
10
11
New Zealand,...
33
10
9
60
Natal,
199
Other Places,
3.356
568
1,833
59
HORIO2co com
71
60
8
30
1
9.
15
1
15
13
3
1
Shanghai B. P. O.,.
2,723
426
7,420
Total 1905,...
16,814
2,045
11,112
Total 1904,
9,576
487
3,395
16,042 13,171
2,313 1,825
15,159
9,775
No. 22
1906
HONGKONG.
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS, FOR THE YEAR 1905,
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
EXPENDITURE.
1. The amounts voted, as compared with those actually expended by the Department under the various headings, were as follows:-
AMOUNTS VOTED.
In Estimates.
Supplement- ary Votes.
Actual Expenditure.
Total.
$
$
(i.) Personal Emoluments and other Charges,
264,458.00
400.00
264,858.00
219,603.56
(ii) Annually Recurrent Works,... (iii) Extraordinary Works,
380,500.00
21,250.00
401,750.00
383,798.06
1,815,200.00
346,997.83
2,162,197.83
1,775,138.83
Total;
2,460,158.00
368,647.83 2,828,805.83 2,378,540.45
Detailed statements of items (ii.) and (iii.) are given in Appendices A and B.
With regard to (i.). the saving shown is largely due to the rise in Exchange, the Estimates having been prepared on the basis of a 1s. 8d. dollar, as against an average actual rate of 1s. 11d.
In the case of (ii.), the principal excesses occurred in the items "Maintenance of Telegraphs" ($7,589.31) and "Maintenance of Praya Wall and Piers" ($5,329,33). The former was due to the introduction of metallic circuiting on all the Government telephone lines, rendered necessary by the establishment of the Electric Tramway Service on the trolley system, and the latter to the extension and repair of the public pier opposite Observation Place, Praya East, which it was considered advisable to carry out before the Praya Reclama- tion plant was disposed of. The excesses on these and a few other votes were nearly balanced by savings on others.
were:
As regards (iii.), the works on which the expenditure fell much below the estimate
"Law Courts" ($89,429.50), “Post Office" ($85,599.75), and "Kowloon Water
Works" ($78,290.56).
The principal items on which expenditure occurred in excess of the provision made in the Estimates or for which no provision had been made were :-
6.
"Tytam Tuk Water-works Scheme" ($39,075.32), "Kowloon-Canton Railway- Surveys and Preliminary Expenses" ($64,463.31), Forming and Ker- bing Streets" ($24,746.45)," Resumptions for widening Salisbury Road, Kowloon" ($17,286.75), "Rainstorm Damages" ($12,768 43), "Gunpow- der Depôt" ($20,003.44), “ Miscellaneous Drainage Works" ($14,673.15).
The savings and excesses nearly balanced each other, the expenditure only falling short of the amount provided in the Estimates by $40,061.17, or less than 24%.
536
The following is a statement of the expenditure in 1905, as compared with that of the previous year—
1904.
1905.
Increase.
Decrease.
Personal Emoluments and Other Charges, Annually Recurrent Works,
Extraordinary Works,
C.
214,334.62
532,751.85 1,264,351.30
$
$
C.
$.
C.
C.
219,603.56
5,268.94
383,798.06
118,953.79
1,775,138.83
510,787.53
...
2,011,437.77 |2,378,540.45
516,056.47 148,953.79
Deduct Decrease,
148,953.79
Net Increase,
$367,102.68
As will be seen, the gross expenditure exceeded that of the previous year by $367,102.68, practically the whole of this increase being due to Extraordinary Works. The reduction in expenditure under Annually Recurrent Works is more apparent than real, being due to the transfer of several votes from this head to Extraordinary Works under which the expenditure was correspondingly increased. The votes referred to were :-
Miscellaneous Works,
Miscellaneous Drainage Works, Miscellaneous Water-works, Forming and Kerbing Streets, Extension of Gas Lighting,
...
Total,...
Expenditure in 1905.
$ 44,900.35
59,673.15
24,872.66
64,746.45
1,699.00
$195,891.61
:
537
-
LAND SALES AND SURVEYS.
2. Land Sales, Extensions, Grants, &c.-The following tabulated statement gives particulars of these:-
NO. OF LOTS. AREA IN SQUARE FEET. ANNUAL REnt.
PREMIUM.
Total.
Total.
Total.
Total.
Sales by Auction.
$
c. $
C.
ር. $ c.
Island of Hongkong,
21
262,252
1,213.00
36,328.00
Kowloon Peninsula,.
2
149,637
1,692.00
74,611.00
N. T., Southern District,
Northern
9
15,632,559
2,866.00
16,092.00
29
""
328,153
590.40
984.70
61
16,372,601
6,361.40
128,015.70
Sales without Auction.
Island of Hongkong,
Kowloon Peninsula,
3
1
3,736 264,000
22.00 3,030.00
1,396.00
79,200.00
267,736
3,052.00
$0,596.00
Extensions Granted.
Island of Hongkong, Kowloon Peninsula,
Grants on Nominal terms. Island of Hongkong, Kowloon Peninsula,
Grants on Short Leases.
Island of Hongkong, Kowloon Peninsula, New Territory,...
Permits to occupy land for
Short Periods, &e.
Island of Hongkong,
10.00
5
3
5,664 74,919
45.72 6,816.00
1,141.46 59,006.15†
00
80,583
6,861.72
60,147.61
42,000
1.00
43,550
N
85,550
1.00
0 21 2
24,820
42.00
7,300
110.00
1,836,120
219.00
1,868,240
371.00
141
Kowloon Peninsula,.
New Territory,.
42
Not available.
3,135.29* 2,764 31*
100
635.33*
283
6,534.93*
Extensions of Short Period
Leases to 75 Years
Leases.
Kowloon Peninsula,.
Total,
23
22
160,135
2,204.00
24,023.00
387
18,834,845
25.386.05
292,782.31
* These amounts are not entirely Annual Crown Rents, as many of the permits are for very short periods.
† This amount was largely counterbalanced by the surrender to the Government of land valued at $50,807.35.
The actual amount of premium paid into the Treasury during the year was $394,560,96, or considerably less than the estimate, which amounted to $500,000. It included the following sums which do not appear in the above tabulated statement :-
Deferred payment of premium on M. L. 289, sold in Decem-
ber, 1904, plus interest, .......
Premia derived from sale of rights to erect piers, Fees for boundary stones to mark lots,
$99,294.00 61,583.00 50.00
One lot was put up to auction, but the purchaser failed to pay the purchase money into the Treasury and his deposit of $100 was therefore forfeited to Government.
Lots in the New Territory sold by the Public Works Department numbered 8 and realized $15,788. In addition to this, the Assistant Land Officer at Tai Po sold 28 small lots which realized $584.70 and the Assistant Land Officer at Hongkong 2 small lots which realized $704.
The following are details of the principal land sales, of which there were, however,
few
*--
Number of Lot.
Area Square feet.
Crown Rent.
Premium.
Rate Realized.
$
5,620 13,288
$0.50 per square foot. $ 0.05
$39.00 per acre.
K. M. L. 87,..............
R. B. L. 123,
145,350 112,000
1,658 i
72,876
258-
Sai Kung F. L. 1, I. L.'s 1-5 & M. L. 2; | acres 339.93
3,298
538
The large area in the New Territory (339.93 acres) comprised 300 acres let on a Farm Lot lease, the remainder being Inland and Marine Lots, in connection with the establish- ment of a flour mill by the Hongkong Milling Co., Ld.
The sales without auction included a large area of sea-bed (264,000 square feet) in front of Kowloon Marine Lot 49; a lot at Aberdeen (3,180 square feet) for a Roman Catholic School; a re-adjustment of the boundaries of Inland Lot 1610 in Bridges Street (326 square feet) and a small extension (230 square feet) for a District Watchmen's house in Third Street.
The extensions granted comprised an area of 3,556 square feet for Inland Lot 1518 on Macdonnell Road; an area of 1,696 square feet for Inland Lot 1703, on which a naphtha godown has been erected at Kennedy Town; two small areas, totalling 181 square feet, for Aberdeen Inland Lots 68 and 76 and a small area (231 square feet) occupied by an encroachment in connection with Rural Building Lot 96 on Mount Kellett. In Kowloon two large extensions (15,125 square feet and 54,294 square feet respectively) occurred owing to the inclusion in Kowloon Marine Lots 74 and 75 of the areas intended for a roadway in front of these lots. This was done under special arrangements with the lessees whereby they undertook to defray the cost of the resumption of certain areas for widening Salisbury Road to 100 feet in width. In the remaining case, an area of 5,500 square feet was added to Kowloon Inland Lot 423 in connection with a readjustment of that lot to enable Reclamation Street to be formed between Dundas and Soy Streets.
The Grants on nominal terms were an area of 42,000 square feet (Marine Lot 290) at North Point for the Royal Hongkong Yacht Club and an area of 43,550 square feet (Kowloon Inland Lot 1164) near Ma Tan Wai for a cemetery.
.
The Grants on short leases consisted of an area of cultivated land at Pokfulam (Garden Lot 25-area 23,300 square feet) formerly held under squatter's licence and now let on a 5-years' lease; an area of 1,125 square feet reserved for formation of a public lane at Shaukiwan Lot 402, but not at present required for that purpose; an area of 395 square feet adjoining Inland Lot 1,836, for the erection of a small pump in connection with the large reservoir for Quarry Bay Sugar Refinery, let on an annual lease; two small areas in Kowloon let on an annual lease for a cracker factory; an area of 37 acres in the New Territory, near Tsün Wan, let on a 5-years' lease as a pleasure garden; and another arca of 3.4 mows of land, also in the New Territory, let for purposes of cultivation.
The permits to occupy land for short periods were of a very miscellaneous character and too numerous to admit of individual mention. Generally, they were issued quarterly and the areas dealt with were small.
The extensions of short leases to 75 years' leases were in connection with 22 Lots in the neighbourhood of Mongkoktsui originally held under squatters' licences. The Squatters" Board awarded the licensees short leases and these have since been converted into long leases on payment of a premium and additional Crown Rent.
3. Resumptions & Re-adjustments.--In connection with the scheme for constructing main thoroughfares in Kowloon, numerous resumptions and re-adjustments of Lots were effected. Altogether 15 Lots were dealt with, the total area resumed amounting to 114,941 square feet. The resumptions of land required for the railway south of the Kow- loon Range of Hills were also undertaken by this Department; those to the north being carried out by the Assistant Land Officer for the Northern District.
4. Lease Plans.-Plans and particulars (in duplicate) of 50 Lots were furnished to the Land Office in connection with the issue of leases.
5. Boundary Stones.-Boundary stones were fixed for 11 Lots in Hongkong, 18 Lots- in Kowloon and 1 Lot in the New Territory.
6. Sites for Booths at the Race Course.-A sum of $2,811.05 was realized by the letting of sites for the erection of booths and stands at Happy Valley during the Race Meeting.
539
7. Squatters' Licences.-The number of squatters' licences on the roll at the beginning of the year was 272 representing an annual rental of $872.70. During the year, 28 were written off and an effort is now being made to settle the claims of all squatters. Surveys are being prepared for that purpose.
8. Military Lands.-The negotiations between the Colonial Government and the Military Authorities for exchanges of land have now been practically brought to a con- clusion, the only matters requiring settlement being the boundaries and areas of the various plots, for which surveys are required.
Colonel LEWIS who came out from England to settle the matter, compiled a report on all the Military holdings and made recommendations as to settlement which were eventually agreed upon by both parties. The Military Authorities are now preparing plans of all lands held by them and defining the areas by boundary stones in order that they may be checked by the Colonial Government.
9. Naval Lands.-There is nothing to record under this heading beyond the fact that the vexed question of the boundary between the Naval and Military property and the pro- posed Praya East Reclamation was settled.
10. Piers-The right of erecting piers under long leases was granted in 3 cases in Hongkong and in 3 in Kowloon whilst extensions of two piers formerly sanctioned-one in Hongkong and one in Kowloon--were also granted. The premia derived from the above in Hongkong amounted to $58,375 and in Kowloon $1,583 while the annual rentals were $3,780 and $480 respectively. Licences for the following temporary piers for various periods were issued:-18 in Hongkong, 14 in Kowloon, and 19 in the New Territory, the amount of fees payable for these being $5,335.
11. New Territory.-Matters in the New Territory have absorbed a large part of the time of the Survey staff during the year. It was considered desirable to define the Anglo- Chinese Boundary between Sha Tau Kok and Lin Ma Hang and this was done, permanent boundary stones of a substantial character being established and surveyed. Certain areas of padi land which had been omitted in the original Survey were picked up and mapped and all the quarries between Kowloon City and Lyemun Pass were surveyed and marked with boundary stones.
The prints of Mr. NEWLAND'S 2" map were received from England and have proved most useful.
WORK UNDER THE BUILDINGS ORDINANCE.
12. As the result of a more extended acquaintance with the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance of 1903, the plans submitted by Architects have been generally in accordance with its provisions, but applications for a modification of one or more of these are very numerous and, as nearly all such applications have to be referred to the Sanitary Board as well as to the Governor in Council, the carrying out of the new Ordinance involves a great deal more work than the old.
13. Plans.-Plans were deposited during the year for the following, the figures for 1904 being given in a parallel column for purposes of comparison
:-
1904.
1905.
Increase. Decrease.
European houses,
56
35
21
...
Chinese houses,
156
164
Buildings and structures other than the above,.
195
150
...
45
Alterations and additions to existing buildings,
1,468
1,744
Verandahs,
42
43
...
276 1
...
Balconies,
35
73
38
•
Sunshades,
34
11
7
Areas,
2
3
1
...
Piers,
9
6
3
...
Total,..
1,997
2,259
331
-69
540
The diminution in the number of new buildings for which plans were deposited indicates a depression in building operations, though there was a
operations, though there was a large increase in the number of plans for the alteration or extension of existing buildings. This increase is however in great measure due to the enforcement by the Officers of the Sanitary Board of those provisions of the new Ordinance which require the opening out of back-yards or the enlargement or insertion of windows in existing houses.
14. Certificates.-The following certificates for new buildings were issued :-
54 for domestic buildings under s. 53 of Ordinance No. 15 of 1889. · s. 204 of Ordinance No. 1 of 1903.
211
19
19
""
21., non-domestic buildings.
These figures show an increase of 22 in the number of buildings certified, as compared
with 1904.
15. Notices and Permits.-Notices relating to structures in a dangerous condition were served in 169 cases whilst 1,058 permits and 260 notices of a miscellaneous nature were issued. These figures show a decrease of 47 in the dangerous structure notices and an in- crease of 203 in those of a miscellaneous nature, as compared with 1904.
16. General Remarks. No damage of any importance was caused to buildings by typhoons or rainstorms during the year. Much attention was given to the quality of the mortar used in the erection of the various buildings which were in progress with the result that, out of 29 samples taken, 7 were found to be deficient in lime. Prosecutions were successfully instituted in all these cases and resulted in the infliction of fines amounting to $1,700. It is hoped that these prosecutions will have a salutary effect in improving the quality of the mortar used throughout the Colony.
The Naval Yard Extension and Messrs. BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE'S Shipyard Works were in progress throughout the year. In the case of the former, the reclamation, outer quay wall and tidal basin were practically completed and substantial progress was made with the construction of the graving dock. Several of the buildings connected with the scheme were in progress, some delay being caused in the case of the pump-house by the failure of the timbering just as the excavation for the pump-wells, about 70 feet in depth, was nearly complete 1. In the case of the Shipyard Works, the reclamation and levelling of the site made good progress and the inner portion of the graving dock was completed; work on the entrance, for which a very heavy cofferdam was required, being in active pro- gress by the close of the year.
The remaining large blocks of buildings on the Praya Reclamation cast of Pedder Street, including Hotel Mansions", "King's Building", "York Building" and "Royal Building", were completed during the year. A great many of the leading firms of the Colony--business, commercial and professional--are now housed in these and other build- ings occupying the area indicated. The buildings have an imposing appearance and com- pare favourably in many respects with similar buildings in our large home cities.
Other works worthy of mention are Sharp's Memorial Hospital, Mount Kellett, and the new Military Hospital above Bowen Road, both of which were nearing completion at the close of the year. Work was begun on the erection of the buildings to form the premises of the Hongkong Milling Co. in Junk Bay. The Star Ferry Co.'s new pier opposite the end of Salisbury Road, Kowloon, was constructed during the year and was nearly ready for traffic. It will afford a much more convenient point of arrival and depart- ure than the old pier, both for the ferry steamers and for passengers and vehicles, being clear of the Kowloon Wharves with all their obstructions afloat in the way of cargo-boats, lighters, etc. and ashore in the way of rails, trucks and masses of cargo constantly being moved to and fro. The new pier also affords much better accommodation and protection from the weather than the old one.
The reclamations at Kowloon and Blackhead's Point and of Kowloon Marine Lot 83 at Hunghom mentioned in last year's report were practically completed, whilst those of Marine Lot 285, at North Point, and of Kowloon Marine Lot 85, at To Kwa Wan, made good progress. The following further reclamations were in progress :-
Am
New Kowloon Marine Lot No. 2, Lai Chi Kok,
•
Kowloon Marine Lot No. 87, Yaumati,
Sai Kung Marine Lot No. 2, Junk Bay,
Area, sq. ft.
345,928
145,350
653,400
541
The areas stated are those of the lots, which, in two cases, extend for some distance above old high-water mark and, though largely so, are not therefore exclusively reclaimed from the sea. In the remaining case, the purchaser has been required to fill in and reclaim a considerable area of Crown foreshore in addition to the entire area of his Lot.
PUBLIC WORKS RECURRENT.
17. Maintenance of Buildings.-The buildings upon which any considerable sum was expended were the following:-
Government Civil Hospital-Constructing boarded ceilings,
tiling verandahs and lavatories, asphalting verandah roof (A Block), general repairs, painting, &c.,
$7,520
Mountain Lodge-General repairs, painting externally and
painting, colourwashing, &c., internally,..
4,929
Central Police Station-General repairs, painting, colourwash-
ing, &c.,
3,459
Tsim Sha Tsui Police Station-General repairs,
2,023
Kennedy Town Sheep & Swine Depôt-General repairs, paint-
ing, &c.,.............
1,949
Victoria Gaol & Warders' Quarters-General repairs, painting,
&C.,
1,879
General Post Office and Treasury-General repairs, painting,
&c.,
1,770
Observatory-General repairs, painting, &c.,
1,454
Lunatic Asylums, European and Chinese-General repairs,
painting, &c.,
1,272
Hunghom Slaughter House-General repairs,
1,265
Yaumati Police Station-General repairs,
1,167
Victoria Hospital-Rendering roofs with cement and general
repairs,
1,060
Western Market-General repairs,
1,016
Aberdeen Police Station-General repairs, painting, &c.,
979
No. 8 Police Station-General repairs, painting, &c., Kowloon British School-General repairs, painting, &c., Central Market--General repairs, painting, &c.,. No. 5 Police Station-General repairs, painting, &c.,
973
929
859
848
Sai Ying Pun Market-General repairs, painting, &c.,.............
621
Assistant Superintendent's Quarters, Central Police Station-
Painting, &c.,
557
No. 1 Police Station-General repairs, painting, &c., Peak Signal Station-General repairs, painting, &c.,......................
Stanley Police Station-General repairs, painting, &c.,..................
423
415
400
#
542
18. Maintenance of Buildings, New Territory.-In the case of the New Territory Build-- ings, the following are those which entailed considerable expenditure :—
.....
Cheung Chau Police Station-Repairs to roof, &c, Ping Shan Police Station-Colourwashing, &c., Sham Shui Po Police Station-General repairs, painting, &c.,. Kowloon City Police Station-General repairs, painting, &c., Cap Sui Mun Old Customs Station-Re-building portion of old
temple,
Au Tau Police Station-General repairs, painting, &c.,..
$2,149
922
859
....
832
594
417
19. Maintenance of Lighthouses.-The following sums were expended upon the various- lighthouses :-
Gap Rock,
Waglan,
Green Island,....
$ 1,820
1,348
461
Cape Collinson,
283
All these structures were maintained in good condition, some special repairs being rendered necessary in the case of Gap Rock Lighthouse owing to the damage done by the typhoon of the 31st August. On that occasion the seas broke over the lighthouse and quarters, injuring one of the glass panes in the light tower, displacing railings and seriously injuring the derricks at both landing places.
The light apparatus (a First Order one), which had been allowed to remain at Cape D'Aguilar after the lighthouse there was thrown out of service on account of the establish- ment of one on Waglan Island, was transferred to Green Island where a new and suitable tower had been built to receive it. In carrying out the transfer, the light was converted into an occulting one by fitting it with special apparatus obtained froin Messrs. CHANCE BROTHERS, the well-known makers of lighthouse apparatus. Everything was in readiness. for starting the new light on the first January, 1906.
20. Maintenance of Clock Tower.-There is nothing special to record under this heading.
21. Gas Lighting, City and Hill District.—The total number of lamps in use at the end of the year in the City was 943-an increase of 2 over the previous year-and in the Hill District, the general lighting of which has now to be recorded for the first time, 106. The lighting of the Military Cantonment by 15 lamps remained on the same footing as formerly.
22. Electric Lighting, City.-No alteration has been made in the number of lamps which remains at 75.
23. Gas Lighting, Kowloon.-The total number of lamps in use at the close of the year was 224, an increase of 22 over the previous year. This is almost entirely due to develop- ments at Kowloon Point and the laying out of new thoroughfares there.
24. Electric Lighting, Kowloon.-For lighting the new 100-foot main thoroughfare. between Hunghom and Yaumati, known as Gascoigne Road, 22 incandescent electric lamps were erected-21 of 16 and 1 of 32 candle-power. The current is supplied by the China Light and Power Co., at an annual cost of $883.20, which includes the maintenance of the lamps themselves. In the absence of a vote for electric lighting, the expenditure was charged against "Gas Lighting, Kowloon ".
25. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in City.-Disturbance of the roads was again of extensive occurrence, due this time to the laying of Rider Mains throughout the Central and Western Districts to enable the water supply to be regulated during periods of short supply, the running of underground cables by the Telephone Co., to take the place of their overhead wires along the main routes, followed in turn by the Electric Co., who are also substituting underground cables for certain of their overhead wires. The Gas Co. also laid
•
543
a larger main for the supply of the Hill District on account of the installation of public lighting there. The roads on the Praya Reclamation suffered a good deal in consequence of the extensive building operations in progress in that neighbourhood. The small encroach- ment caused by the old Provost Prison, which has prevented the completion of the Queen's Road widening scheme, still remained at the close of the year, but it is understood that it will soon disappear. By way of experimenting with different classes of paving, a small portion of Des Voeux Road at its intersection with Pedder Street was laid with wood blocks (Borner Camphor wood) and a short length of Queen's Road West was laid with slabs of granite of irregular shape, dressed to a fairly uniform surface. Generally speaking the roads throughout the City were maintained in good condition with concrete or macadam as the case might be.
26. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges outside City.-In the case of the Peak District, a good deal of disturbance of roads was caused by the running of underground cables by the Telephone Co., and by the laying of a gas main in Chamberlain Road to supply the public lamps. As mentioned in last year's Report, Harlech Road and Black's Link are now under the charge of the Public Works Department and make a substantial addition to the roads of the Colony. All the roads were maintained in good condition, many of those finished with decomposed granite being re-surfaced.
27. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in Kowloon.The satisfactory maintenance of the roads in many parts of Kowloon was rendered difficult on account of the transport of great quantities of earth from one point to another in order to level off, reclaim or raise the level of various areas and also the large amount of quarrying that is carried on in different parts of the peninsula. Numerous alterations or improvements of roads were undertaken but these will be referred to under the heading of Public Works Extraordinary; "Forming and Kerb- ing Streets". The substitution of macadam for decomposed granite was extended to a number of streets in Yaumati. So far as the circumstances above referred to permitted, the roads generally were maintained in good condition.
28. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in New Territory.-A number of ther ngh native paths in the New Territory have been improved in an inexpensive way by getting the village headmen to undertake contracts for their formation and maintenance. Though the improvements are not such as to transform these paths into good roads, traffic is consider- ably facilitated and cycling is rendered possible in many places where the gradients admit · of it. The road to Tai Po was maintained in good condition except where interfered with by quarrying operations. The flood caused by the heavy rainstorm of the 1st June caused serious injury to one of the piers of the large bridge at Tai Po, necessitating its reconstruc-
tion.
29. Maintenance of Telegraphs.-Telephone lines were constructed between the follow- ing points:-
The temporary Pumping Station, Tytam Valley, and the site of the permanent
Pumping Station, Tytam Bay.
The Exchange at the Central Police Station and the Chief Detective Inspector's
Office.
The Attorney General's Office and the Government Printers.
The Civil Hospital and the Maternity Hospital.
An additional telephone was provided at the Kowloon Disinfecting Station and the positions of various telephones in Government Buildings were altered. With a view to the improvement of inter-departmental communications, a new Telephone Exchange was established in the Government Offices and all lines other than Police lines were removed to it from the Exchange at the Central Police Station, thus bringing all the Government Departments into direct communication with the Colonial Secretary's Department. It involved the construction of a new line with 16, 30-foot iron poles from the Central Police Station to the Government Offices.
The working of the Electric Tramway has rendered it necessary to provide metallic circuits for all lines, a matter which has entailed a great amount of work.
544
The metallic circuiting of the following sections of the Government. Telephone System was completed during the year :—
North Point to Shaukiwan.
Shaukiwan to Stanley.
Central Police Station to Victoria Gap.
Do.
do. to Des Voeux Road.
Do.
do.
to Government Offices.
Do.
do.
to No. 7 Police Station.
With regard to the last-mentioned section, as the old route by Des Voeux Road was incapable of accommodating the additional wires rendered necessary by the adoption of metallic circuiting, a new and additional route by way of Caine and Hospital Roads and Second Street had to be constructed.
The cable to Gap Rock Lighthouse became defective about the end of June and broke close to Gap Rock in the beginning of August. Temporary repairs were executed depart- mentally as the services of a cable ship were not available at the time. Towards the end of August, the cable ship" Store Nordiske", which was repairing one of the Great North- ern Co.'s cables in the vicinity of Hongkong, was chartered to lay a new shore end to replace the part which had given way, and this was successfully accomplished on the 24th August. Unfortunately, the cable was again broken during the typhoon of the 30th August and communication was once more interrupted. Repeated attempts were made to effect further repairs departmentally but, on account of the rough seas prevailing, it was not until the 14th December that they were successful, communication being restored on that date. All possible protection to the cable, where it comes in contact with the rock, is being arranged for to obviate a repetition of the occurrence.
•
30. Maintenance of Telegraphs, New Territory.-The re-construction of the telephone line between Tai Po and Sheung Shui with iron poles in place of wooden ones was undertaken, but had not reached completion at the close of the year. In carrying out the work, arrangements were made for leading the lines to Au Tau and Ping Shau by this route, thus abolishing the line through the Lam Tsun Valley. Though somewhat longer, maintenance will be facilitated by this arrangement and the additional poles required by the present independent route will be saved. Many of the timber poles throughout the New Territory were found to be decayed and were replaced by iron poles, 84 of which were fixed.
31. Maintenance of Praya Wall and Piers.-One of the principal works undertaken under this heading was the extension and repair of the masonry pier opposite the end of Obser- vation Place, Praya East, which is a somewhat important one as it is mest conveniently situated for parties landing from ships to go to Happy Valley. Owing to the shallowness of the water alongside and the damages caused by storms, the pier had become of very little service: An extension of 75 feet, bringing its total length up to 155 feet, was carried out, the old concrete blocks left over from the Praya Reclamation Works being utilized for the purpose, and the old portion of the pier was thoroughly repaired. Some dredging was also done in the neighbourhood of the pier to improve the depth of water.
The Police Pier at Tsim Sha Tsui Point was extensively repaired and put in good order, all decayed timbers being removed and replaced by new ones.
Some necessary repairs were executed at some of the other public piers but these were not extensive. Kowloon City Pier is in a very dilapidated condition but, as it is intended to reconstruct it in ferro-concrete at an early date, repairs were confined to rendering the deck safe for passengers.
The following were the principal items of expenditure:
Tsim Sha Tsui Pier-Repairs,
Observation Place Pier-Extension and Repairs, Temporary Pier adjoining Telegraph Office-General
maintenance,..
Blake Pier-Repairs, ........
$4,853
4,695
742
675
545
32. Maintenance of Public Cemetery.-The retaining walls alongside the Roman Catholic Cemetery were completed and no further trouble was experienced with landslips. A new terrace for the interment of Japanese was laid out early in the year and various repairs were executed to the plant-houses, &c. Permits to the number of 65 were issued for the erection
and repair of monuments.
33. Maintenance of Public Recreation Grounds.-The Wongneichong and Queen's Re- creation Grounds were maintained in good order, a portion of the latter being returfed. An area of land to the eastward of the Tai Hang Nullah was levelled off and turfed to provide additional space for games.
34. Dredging Foreshores.-The total quantity of material dredged and deposited outside the Harbour limits during the year amounted to 18,464 cubic yards, of which 9,092 cubic yards were removed in order to form a channel across the foreshore in continuation of Bowrington Canal and 7,050 cubic yards from the site and approaches to Observation Place Pier. In addition to the above, 9,409 cubic yards of material were excavated by codie labour from Bowrington Canal and disposed of by the Contractor.
The Dredger was docked for cleaning and painting in the month of September, the expenditure incurred being $325.
35. Maintenance of Sewers, Nullahs, &c.—The sewers, storm-water drains and trained, nullahs were cleansed and maintained in good condition. The flushing tanks have been systematically worked during the period of low water.
The details of the expenditure under this heading are as follows:--
Labour for cleansing operations,.......
Repairs,
Tools for cleansing operations,
.$12.860.81 3.681.83 569.24
1
A
Total,............. ..$17,111.88
as against $17,981.39 in the previous year. The establishment of proper flushing tanks and the extension of the new-type gullies doubtless assist in effecting a saving on this vote.
36. Maintenance of City and Fill District Water-works.-Recourse was had to the inter- mittent system of supply on the 27th February but, in cousequence of early rains, it was found possible to restore a constant supply on the 29th March, thus giving a period of 30 days for intermittent supply. With the exception of bringing the rider mains into oper- ation on the 1st October in those districts of the City in which they had been laid, subsequently extending their use as they were completed in other districts, and applying the intermittent system of supply to the section of the City lying east of Arsenal Street on the 15th December, it was found possible to maintain a constant supply up to the close of the year. Universally constant supply was thus in force for 243 days; universally inter- mittent supply for 30 days; and partially intermittent supply for 92 days.
The quantity of water stored in the Impounding Reservoirs on the 1st January amounted to 341,880,000 gallons. It reached a minimum on the 30th May, when it amounted to 85,617,000 gallons. Wong-nei-chong Reservoir only overflowed on the 9th June. Pokfulam ceased to overflow on the 25th June, Tytam Bye-wash on the 3rd September and Tytam on the 27th September. The total quantity of water remaining in the reservoirs at the close of the year amounted to 249,740,000 gallons.
year
The temporary pump for pumping up to the gauge basin the waters of the streams in the lower part of the Tytam Valley was kept in operation during the first portion of the year until the 3rd April and was again brought into operation during the latter portion on the 27th September. The quantity of water raised by it during the early part of the was 30,889,000 gallous and during the latter part 57,399,000 gallons or a total of 88,288,000 gallons. About 10 million gallons were impounded in the new reservoir in course of construction and subsequently pumped up to the gauge basin, being included in the figures just given.
The total rainfall for the year at the Kowloon Observatory was 70.95 inches. The rains began early, the fall for the second half of March amounting to 11.07 inches: they also ceased early, the fall for the whole of September amounting to only 3.19 inches,
546
The total quantity of water supplied during the year was 1,556,508,000 gallons filtered and 10,800,000 gallons unfiltered, making a grand total of 1,567,308,000 gallons or 277,517,000 gallons more than in 1904.
The average consumption of filtered water, per day during constant supply (243 days) was 4,600,000 gallons, which, with an estimated population of 229,100, gives an average, daily consumption of 20.1 gallons per head for all purposes. During universally inter- mittent supply (30 days), the average daily consumption was 12. 5 gallons per head, equivalent to a total daily supply of 2,872,400 gallons and during partially intermittent supply (92 days) the corresponding figures were 16.7 and 3,832,300 respectively. Taken over the whole year, the average consumption per head per day amounted to 18.61 gallons.
Full details of the consumption, contents of the reservoirs, &c., will be found in Appendices C. and D. The analyses made by the Government Analyst showed that the quality of the water throughout the year was excellent.
The system of supply by Rider Mains, which was brought into operation in certain portions of the City during the latter part of the year, constitutes a new feature in connec- tion with the distribution of water. The Rider Mains, which are being laid throughout the Chinese quarters of the City, are subsidiary mains, to which, speaking generally, all house services are connected. They are fitted with valves close to their points of junction with the principal mains. Thus, the closing of the valves on the Rider Mains deprives all houses connected with them of water, but does not interfere with the circulation of water in the principal mains, with which all the fire hydrants and any premises which, for trade or other purposes, require a constant supply are connected. The latter are in all cases served through meters and, after receiving a certain allowance free on account of the rates paid in respect of them, are charged for any water consumed in excess of such allowance. intended that, in future, when the impounding reservoirs cease to overflow, the Rider Mains should be brought into operation, water being turned on to them daily for such per- iod or periods as may be considered necessary to afford a reasonable supply to the houses connected with them. The supply being thus kept under control, it is believed that it can be regulated so as to obviate the serious risks and inconveniences attendant upon the adop- tion of the intermittent system by shutting off the water from the principal mains.
It is
The work of laying the Rider Mains not being completed, it was only possible to par- tially apply the system towards the end of 1905, about 3,050 houses being thus supplied from the 1st October onwards and about another 1,000 from the 22nd November.
A comparison of the consumption during October with that of the previous month, and of the corresponding month in 1904 shows a substantial reduction. The figures are as follows:-
6
October, 1904,.. September, 1905,....
October, 1905,..
....
.140,058,000 gallons. .144,792,000 .122,367,000
"
The quantity of water pumped to the High Level District of the City amounted to 59,364,000 gallons over the whole year, equal to an average daily consumption of 162,640 gallons, whilst 25,223,000 gallons were pumped to the Hill District, giving an average daily consumption of 69,100 gallons. As compared with 1904, there was a decrease of nearly a million gallons in the quantity pumped to the Hill District and an increase of 10,363,000 in that pumped to the High Level District. The grand total pumped during the amounted to 84,587,000 gallons, as compared with 75,181,000 in 1904. Tabulated statements containing particulars of the quantities pumped to the High Levels and Hill District respectively and comparative statements of the quantities pumped during the last 10 years will be found in Appendices E. F. and G.
year
""
The new pumping engine and boilers installed at Bonham Road Pumping Station, a description of which will be found under Public Works Extraordinary-"Peak Supply were brought into use on the 7th March and have since been systematically employed in pumping water up to the service reservoir at Victoria Peak for the supply of the Hill District. The engine is designed to pump into the service reservoirs for the supply of the High Level District also, but it was found that the main, through which the water had to pass, was not large enough being laid with 6" cast iron pipes. A new main of larger diameter will be required and, in the meantime, the small rams, which are intended for pumping to the Peak, are operated for the supply of the district referred to.
547
The Worthington Engine at Bonham Road Pumping Station, which was installed in 1891 and had since been used for maintaining the supply to the Hill District, was entirely dismantled and underwent thorough repairs and renovation in the P.W.D. Workshop. It was in course of re-erection at the close of the year and will in future be maintained as a reserve in case of the new engine requiring to undergo any considerable repairs.
All the motors were kept in a good state of repair. The introduction of the system of supply by Rider Mains in the western portion of the City restricted the use of the one at Bonham Road Pumping Station during the latter part of the year.
The number of meters in use at the end of the year was 782 in the City and 156 in the Hill District, or a total of 938, as compared with $15 and 151 in 1904, or a total of 966. The decrease in the number of ineters in the City is due to the application of the Rider Main system, to which all premises are connected unless it is ascertained that their consumption. exceeds 450 gallons per day..
The quantity of water supplied by meter was :-
Filtered-Trade,
Gallons.
.131,013,000
Domestic (City),.............
101,489,000
(Hill District),
12,782,000
""
Unfiltered,.............
10,800,000
Total,...
256,084,000
This shows an increase of 33,875,000 gallons in the quantity of water supplied by meter over 1904.
New services were constructed, old ones altered and improved and others inspected and connected to the mains to the number of 812, whilst 46 supplies for building purposes were laid on.
The number of inspections of house services was about 4,000. Advantage was taken of the issue of notices with regard to the Rider Main system to call attention to defects in services, so dispensing with the issue of special notices for the latter.
Water from the nullahs was made available for street watering at 10 points throughout the City, thus, to a great extent, obviating the use of salt water, which has been found to affect the roads injuriously.
37. Maintenance of Water-works, Kowloon.-Pending the completion of the tunnels in connection with the new works and the laying of the main through them, it was not possible to render available any further sources of supply. The water from the Cheung Sha Wan Intakes was distributed to Mongkoktsui and Yaumati and the pumped supply obtained from Wells Nos. 1, 2 and 3 in the Kowloon Valleys to the reinainder of the Peninsula at present served with water. The supply, especially that obtained from the first-mentioned sources, was inadequate to meet requirements during the dry months.
The total consumption for the year amounted to 185,690,000 gallons, of which 77,876,000 gallons were derived from Chenng Sha Wan Intakes and 107,814,000 from Wells Nos. 1, 2 and 3. The average daily consumption amounted to 508,000 gallons or, taking an estimated population of 74,200, 6.9 gallons per head. These figures show an increase of 16,662,000 gallons over the consumption during 1904. Details are given in Appendices H. and J. The analyses made by the Government Analyst showed that the water was of excellent quality.
The pumping machinery, buildings, &c., were maintained in good condition throughout the year.
There were 280 meters in use at the end of the year, an increase of 33 over 1904. Private services were constructed, altered, or repaired in 64 instances, whilst 14 building supplies were laid.
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:
518
38. Maintenance of Water-works, Aberdeen and Shaukiwan.-A satisfactory supply of water was maintained to Aberdeen and Shaukiwan during the year, the total consumption amounting to 5,743,000 and 9,532,000 gallons respectively, or 15,700 and 26,100 gallons. per day. Details are given in Appendices K. and L. Repairs to the eastern intake at Shau- kiwan were undertaken but were not completed at the close of the year. There were 3 meters in use at Aberdeen and 7 at Shaukiwan.
39. Lai Chi Kok Water-works-Water Boat Supply. The supply of waterto the shipp- ing has not hither to been on a satisfactory footing, many of the water boats having derived a supply from streams which were very liable to contamination. The arrangements for rendering the water available for filling the boats were also of a very primitive nature in most cases. It was therefore decided to construct works at Lai Chi Kok to enable water- boats generally to obtain a supply of filtered water. A description of the works will be found under "Miscellaneous Water-works". They were first brought into operation on the 7th March, the quantity of water supplied from them up to the close of the year amounting to 39,844,000 gallons equivalent to an average of 132,800 gallons daily. During December, the consumption rose to an average of 306,450 gallons daily. Particulars of the quantity supplied will be found in Appendix M. There were 9 meters in use at the close of the year, all the large companies or firms having private meters whilst a common meter served the small consumers who were supplied on presentation of tickets purchased before- hand at the Treasury. The establishment of the Lai Chi Kok Works enabled. all the water-boat services connected with the City Water-works to be abolished.
As the expenditure for maintenance was very trifling, it was not considered necessary to take a special vote for it.
PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.
40. Bacteriological Institute. The buildings comprised under this heading were designed by Messrs. LEIGH & ORANGE, who also supervised their construction. They occupy a sife, 20,776 square feet in extent, in the upper part of the Taipingshan Resumed Area and consist of a main block and two subsidiary blocks-one for servants' quarters and the other. for animal houses, &c. The main block contains a basement, ground floor and upper floor, and affords the following accommodation :-4 laboratories, each 28′0′′ × 18′ 0′′, a library, a combined waiting-room and office, a photographic room and a spare room, each 20′ 0 × 12′ 0′′, a tore-room, incubating room, heating chamber and refrigerating room, besides a hall and staircase, small dark-room, lavatories, &c. Balconies extend along the whole of the north front on the ground and upper floors and there are verandahs on the east, south and west fronts. One of the subsidiary blocks (a one-storied building) affords accommodation for 11 Chinese attendants, with kitchen, &c., whilst the other (a two-storied building) contains a stable (4 stalls and 2 loose boxes); houses for 5 cattle and 8 calves; 2 sheep-pens and suitable accommodation for monkeys, fowls, rats, mice, guinea pigs and rabbits. There is also a room for 4 Chinese attendants, a doctor's room, a corn store and a fodder store.
All the buildings are of red brick, built in lime mortar and pointed externally in cement mortar. The main building, except where lined with tiles, is plastered internally; the subsidiary buildings are pointed. The roofs are covered with double pan and roll tiling, on timber purlins and principals. The walls of the laboratories are lined for a height of 6 feet and those of the dark-room and lavatories for a height of 3 feet with white glazed tiles. The two laboratories and all other apartments on the ground floor, including verandahs, &c., and the 2 laboratories and verandahs on upper floor have floors of cement concrete, supported on rolled joists and covered with encaustic tiles; the remaining apartments on the upper floor have teak floors supported on China fir joists. The windows of the laboratories, which are placed in the north front, are fixed and glazed with plate glass, the balconies affording access for cleaning their outside surfaces. Double doors are provided to all openings into the laboratories, one door being glazed and the other filled in with mosquito-proof wire gauze. The walls of the incubating chamber are lined with asbestos and double doors are provided to this apartment. A hot-water service is laid on to all the laboratories from a vertical boiler in the heating chamber.
:
.
The fittings for the laboratories were carried out by the Public Works Department. They consist of long wall benches, with teak tops and fitted with sinks; large centre tables, also fitted with sinks; drawers, cupboard, &c. A fume cupboard is also provided.
The floors of all the animal houses on the ground floor are laid with chequered tiles of local manufacture on a layer of line concrete. The upper floor is entirely of cement con-
Some of the walls have dudosad the others skirtings of cement mortar. incinerator is provided for destroying the carcases of animals.
*crete.
An
The whole of the compounds are laid with lime concrete surfaced with cement concrete and the site is enclosed by a brick boundary wall, with iron entrance gates.
*
Though practically completed, there were a few minor matters requiring attention and the building was consequently still unoccupied at the close of the year.
41. Central Police Station,—Additional Storey--This work was completed and handed over to the Police at the end of May. The additional accommodation afforded consists of two dormitories for Indian Constables (18 beds each); two for European Constables (16 beds each); one for Lance Sergeants (5 beds), and two for Sergeants (2 beds each). There are also a library, a mess-room and a billiard-room and three small rooms for servants. A wide verandah extends along nearly the entire length of the northern front. The building is of red brick, plastered externally and internally to correspond with the old building of which it forms part. The floors of the rooms are laid with hardwood boarding on hardwood joists and of the verandah with cement concrete on rolledj oists. All beams consist of steel rolled joists. The old roof principals, &c., were used as far as possible and new ones prosvided where necessary. Several parts of the old building were strengthened in varioue ways to enable it to support the additional storey, and sundry small alterations in it wer effected. The total expenditure under the vote was $33,000 and a further sum of $7,579 for the alterations and strengthening of the old building was charged to the vote "Miscellaneous Works."
42. Disinfecting Station, Kowloon.-This work was completed and handed over to the Sanitary Board in April. The buildings occupy a convenient and central site, 19,300 square feet in area, at Yaumati, and are built of red brick, pointed in cement, with mould- ings, window sills, arches, &c., finished in cement plaster. A statement of the accommoda- tion afforded appeared in last year's report. The total expenditure on the work was $40,219.13, which includes the cost of a new boiler and vacuum pan, amounting to $3,136.62.
43. Civil Hospital—Extension of Staff Quarters.—A contract for this work was let at the end of January and the building was well advanced at the close of the year, the roof being completed and plastering, &c., in progress. The provision of the extra accommodation afforded will do away with the necessity of leasing a house which has had to be done for some years past.
44. Gunpowder Depôt, Green Island. This work was practically completed at the close of the year. It included the formation of a site on the north-east side of Green Island, 1.13 acres in area, partly by excavating the hill and partly by reclaiming from the sea. To obviate the risk of damage to shipping, &c., from an explosion of the contents of any of the magazines, the site has been protected on the seaward side by a rubble mound, 13 feet in height, faced with pitched slopes and extending into the hill at each end, the magazines being thus completely enclosed. Within the enclosure thus formed, four separate magazines have been built and, in order to limit the effects of an explosion, should one unfortunately occur, they have been separated from each other by mounds of earth 13 feet in height. Each magazine has a floor area of from 2,860 to 2,210 square feet and consists of an ordinary brick building, one storey in height, with tiled roof. The floors, which are of cement con- crete, are covered with a layer of asphalte and the windows are protected with iron bars. Access to the depôt is gained through an examination room, formed in the enclosing rubble mound, from which covered ways extend to the various magazines. The floors of the examination room and covered ways are also finished with a layer of asphalte. A tempo- rary pier has been erected for landing or shipping explosives and will be replaced by a permanent pier at an early date.
From the depôt, a path leads to the quarters for the officer-in-charge and guard, which are about 100 yards distant and protected by an intervening spur of the hill. The quarters contain 3 rooms for the officer-in-charge, one room for an assistant and another for an office, whilst accommodation is provided in separate buildings for 8 boatmen, an Indian Sergeant and 4 Indian Constables.
As the oil for use in the lighthouses had hitherto been stored near the Gunpowder Depôt on Stonecutters' Island and it was desired to hand over the whole of the land and buildings there to the Military Authorities, it was decided to erect an oil store in conjunc- tion with the new depôt on Green Island. A suitable site was formed a little way below the lighthouse in convenient proximity to the lighthouse pier. The building had not been completed at the close of the
year.
The establishment of the gunpowder depa
alling station on Green Island, in addition to the lighthouse, necessitated the
of a number of men there and the question of water supply had therefore to be
After examination of the possible sources, it was decided to construct a tank to collect some small springs which issue from the cutting made in levelling the site of the depôt. A manual pump and line of piping will enable the water to be raised to a tank on the hill at such a level as to supply all the quarters by gravitation, except the signalman's, which are on the summit, 290 feet above sea level. The cost of this work is being defrayed out of the vote "Miscellaneous Water Works".
45. Harbour Office.-Progress on this work was much retarded by the difficulty exper- ienced in obtaining the granite necessary for the completion of the principal front of the ground storey and it was not until November that all the requisite stone was obtained and set. The other portions of the building, which are of brickwork, were, however, pushed forward with the result that the main part of the building was almost completed by the close of the year and most of it roofed in. A considerable amount of the external plaster- ing was done, some of the floors laid and ceilings, which are of timber, fixed and most of the joinery was in readiness for fixing.
46. Law Courts.--Here also great difficulty was experienced in obtaining a supply of granite, especially during the earlier part of the year, with the result that the progress of the work was slow. Owing to the numerous granite arches extending from the pillars of the colonnade to the main walls, it was not possible to proceed with the brickwork above the level of the first floor until these had been built and every effort was therefore made to get the granite-work pushed on. It may be mentioned that each of the stones in the pillars of the colonnade weighs from 2 to 34 tons and much careful dressing is necessary to adapt them for setting in the work.
Much of the steel work and concrete forming the first floor were laid early in the year, the internal walls having then reached such a level as to admit of this being done. By the close of the year nearly all the external walls were completed to the same level, the pillars of the colonnade were built to an average height of 16 feet and some of the arches were in progress.
The average number of masons employed daily was 124. in the work, 129 granite balusters were prepared, bringing the fixing up to 200.
In addition to the stone set number of these ready for
47. Mongkokisui Market.-A contract for the erection of a small market at Mongkoktsui was let at the end of June and the building was completed in December. Being situated on land recently reclaimed, it was considered advisable to pile the foundations. The walls are of brick, the floor is laid with lime and cement concrete, rendered with cement mortar, and the roof is covered with single pan and roll tiling. In addition to the market building, which contains 20 meat and fish stalls and 20 fruit and vegetable stalls, there is a small store.
In connection with the work, the formation of the roads in the neighbourhood was undertaken and sewers and storm-water drains were laid, a considerable improvement in the locality being thus effected.
The cost of the market buildings, including filling in the area reserved for market purposes, was $8,099.
48. Western Market.-Good progress was made, with this work, the whole of the roofs being completed and most of the concrete floors laid. The fixing of gates, windows and finishings generally was proceeded with. A contract was entered into with Messrs. SANG LEE & Co., the Contractors for the superstructure, in November, for the fitting up of the shops and stalls, and this work was progressing satisfactorily, most of those on the upper floor being completed and the materials for those on the ground floor being mostly ready for fixing.
1
*
551
49. Post Office. The contract for the foundations was nearly, but not quite completed, completion being delayed by the undertaking of additional work. One of the principal items was the covering of the entire area of the basement with asphalte, which was also carried up the outside of the main walls, so as to prevent the percolation of tidal or subsoil water into the basement rooms, which are to be used for the storage of mails, etc. The asphalte was laid on a layer of lime concrete 12 inches thick and was covered with a layer of cement concrete, 6 inches thick, the thickness of the asphalte being inch. It was also decided to make pro- vision for a clock tower in the building aud this necessitated some alterations and additional work in connection with the foundations. The addition of these items has considerably delayed the completion of the contract. The total number of piles driven has been 1,808 of an average length of 44' 6".
A contract for the superstructure was entered into with Messrs. SANG LEL & Co. on the 1st August. A quarry from which suitable stone could be obtained for the work was selected at Ngau Tau Kok, in New Kowloon, and a considerable amount of preparatory work was carried out to enable a good supply to be obtained, a quantity of roughly-squared blocks being in readiness to transport to the site when it became available. Some brick and plas-. ter models of the principal parts of the stonework were also prepared.
50. Post Office, Shanghai.—Mr. Cowan of H.B.M.'s Office of Works was appointed archi- tect for this work which consisted of carrying out considerable extensions to the old Post Office building. It was necessary to make arrangements with the Commissioners of the Board of Works, London, for the acquisition of the land required for the extensions and, after this had been successfully accomplished, negotiations were begun by the Shanghai Municipal Council for the surrender of a strip of land for widening Museum Road. A con- tract for the erection of the buildings was let in August and the work has since been proceeded with, but no expenditure was charged to the vote, up to the close of the year.
51. Prison.—It was not found possible to proceed with this work, but a site in Kowloon, which was considered suitable, was selected. The proposal to erect a prison on Stonecutters' Island was finally abandoned in consequence of its being considered advisable to hand over the island entirely to the Military Authorities.
52. Public Latrines and Urinals. A latrine, containing 55 seats and 4 urinals, besides a caretaker's room and store, was constructed at the corner of Second and Western Streets. It is a permanent structure of brickwork and of the usual type. The formation of the site involved a considerable amount of excavation and the construction of retaining walls.
Two urinals, built of rubble masonry and containing 8 divisions each, one in Connaught Road, opposite the end of Douglas Street, and the other in Salisbury Road, Kowloon, were con- structed but were not quite completed at the close of the year.
The urinal at the Chair Shelter, Victoria Gap, ( 6 divisions), referred to in last year's report, was completed. The cost, which amounted to $1,953, was defrayed out of a special vote.
53. Yaumati School. This work was practically completed at the close of the year, being handed over to the Education Department a few days later. The site is immediately north: of the Public Square in Yaumati and will border on the main thoroughfare known as Robinson Road when it has been extended a little further northwards. It has an area of 18,000 square feet. The buildings are one-storied, extending round two sides of the site and partly round the third, leaving an area of 10,870 square feet for the purposes of a play- ground. They contain 4 class-rooms (two of which are capable of accommodating 60 pupils each and the remaining two 40 pupils each, or 200 in all), a room for the headmaster, with lavatory attached, a cloak room and lavatory for the pupils, store, latrines and caretaker's quarters, and a play-shed, measuring 56 feet by 20 feet. The two principal class-rooms are separated by folding and sliding partition, which enables them to be made into one large room when desired. A verandah extends along the south front, facing the playground. The buildings are of red brick in lime mortar, plastered internally and rough-cast plastered externally, except where the brickwork is left exposed for effect. The roofs are covered with double pan and roll tiling, laid on timber purlins and principals and the floors are of hardwood, laid on hardwood fillets bedded in cement concrete, 6" thick. The floors of verandah, cloak-room, latrines and caretaker's quarters are of cement concrete, 4′′ thick, finished with a layer of granolithic, 1" thick. The play-ground and play-shed are laid with lime and cement concrete, 6" thick. Ventilation is furnished by fresh air inlets on the Tobin tube system and flues are provided for the escape of foul air. The buildings are lit by gas throughout.
552
54. Quarters for Officers, Tai Po.-After many difficulties occasioned by the workmen deserting the work on account of the cold during the winter months and on account of sickness during the summer months, this work was nearly brought to completion at the end of the year. The building occupies, an exceptionally fine situation on the summit of a small island near the head of Tolo Harbour, the site having been levelled off in connection with the construction of the Tai Po Road in order to obtain material for forming the embankment on which the road is carried at this point. The main building is 2 storeys in height and contains dining-room, drawing-room, office, 4 bed-rooms, 4 bath-rooms, hall, staircase, pantry and lavatory. It is in great measure surrounded by verandahs. In a small, detached building, erected at a somewhat lower level, are the servants' quarters, containing European kitchen, larder and store, 2 boys' rooms and accommodation for 6 coolies and, at the base of the hill is a stable, containing 2 stalls and a loose box, a coach- house and harness-room. A tower on the main building contains a water-tank and a light which is intended to serve as a beacon for purposes of navigation.
The buildings are of red brick in lime mortar, covered for the most part with rough- cast plaster. Cement panels, in imitation of timber framing, are introduced on the upper storey of the main building. The roofs are covered with double pan and roll tiling laid on timber purlins and principals and the floors are of hardwood on hardwood joists, except in the case of the verandahs, bath-rooms and out-buildings, where they are of cement concrete.
The walls of the drawing-room are panelled in China fir for a height of 6 feet, the remainder of the internal walls being plastered.
A short length of embankment leading to the island was widened from 5 to 14 feet, a road to the stable was formed and an entrance gate was erected near the main road.
55. Volunteer Headquarters.-The erection of new Volunteer Headquarters which has long been under consideration, was undertaken in June. It was at one time proposed to erect the necessary buildings at Happy Valley immediately to the north of the Golf Club House and designs for this were prepared, but the proposal was ultimately abandoned in favour of the site of the old building at the corner of Garden and Lower Albert Roads. The old building was practically entirely taken down, only some of the basement walls being made use of in connection with the erection of the new one. Fair progress was made with the work, the walls being generally 6 feet above the level of the drill-hall floor, the con- creting of which was completed. A large quantity of joinery was in readiness for fixing. The cost of the building is being defrayed principally from funds in the possession of the Volunteer Corps, the Government contributing a sum of $5,000 only.
56. Gullies Reconstruction.--This work was continued, 81 single and 56 double gullies of the new type being constructed during the year, or a total of 193 gratings. Most of these were situated in the Central and Western Districts of the City, between Queen's Road and Caine Road. The total number of new-type gullies is now 348 single and 495 double, or a total of 843.
57. Training Nullahs.-The following is a statement of the works executed under this heading :-
Length trained.
(i). Albany Nullah-Branches south of Service Reservoir, ........lineal ft. 1,200 (ii). Bowen Road District-Two nullahs east of Military
(iii). Bowen Road District-Nullah east of I.L. 1711,
Hospital,
1,421
190
(iv). Happy Valley-Nullah between Mahominedan Cemetery
and I.L. 1578,
670
>>
(v). Stanley-Two nullahs east of village,.
846
(vi). Branch nullah south of Bridge No. 4 on Shaukiwan
Road,
200
""
Item (i.) includes 128 lineal feet of nullah, 12 feet wide and about 4 feet deep, with invert of rubble masonry, set and grouted in ceinent mortar, on a lime concrete foundation, 12 inches thick, and with side walls of rubble masonry built in lime mortar; 282 lineal feet, 6 feet wide and 6 feet deep, with invert of cement concrete, 4 inches thick, on a lime concrete foundation and with rubble masonry side walls; 418 lineal feet, semi-circular in section and 3 feet 6 inches in diameter, constructed of 3 inches of cement concrete laid on a bed of lime concrete; and 372 lineal feet irregular in section on account of its traversing the rocky bed of the stream.
553
Item (i.) includes 598 lineal feet above Bowen Road and 823 lineal feet between Bowen and Kennedy Roads. Of the above, a length of 356 feet is semi-circular in section and 3 feet 6 inches in diameter and the remainder is of irregular or varying section, the greater part being formed out of the rocky beds of the streams, the irregularities in which were made good with cement concrete.
Item (iii.) is a short length of nullah of ordinary section, average width 4 feet 3 inches, depth 5 feet, with concrete invert and rubble masonry side walls as previously described.
Item (iv.) includes 350 feet of new nullah of ordinary section, 6 feet wide and 3 feet 6 inches deep, and the provision of a concrete invert to an old portion of nullah, 320 feet in length.
Item (v.) comprises the formation of two wide channels, each 200 feet in length and of a width of 6 feet and 4 feet respectively, paved with rubble masonry, and of 446 feet of lime and cement concrete channels varying from 18 to 15 inches in width.
Item (vi.) is a short length of branch nullah adjoining the village of Quarry Bay. Messrs. BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE contributed $120 towards the cost ($709.56) as the nullah traversed one of their lots for a short distance.
In addition to the above, the nullah in Waterloo Road, Kowloon, was extended for a distance of 818 feet, but, as the cost of the work was defrayed out of the vote "Miscellaneous Drainage Works", it is more particularly referred to under that heading.
58. Miscellaneous Drainage Works.-There were heavy demands upon this vote in con- nection with the extensive reclamations carried out in Kowloon during the past few years and the consequent extension and raising of drains and sewers. The following is a statement of the principal items of expenditure, the amount stated being in some cases only a part of the cost owing to the work extending into more than one year:—
Kowloon.
(i.) Taikoktsui Sewerage System,
(ii.) Mongkoktsui Market neighbourhood:-
Sewers and storm water drains,.
$16,109
9,950
(iii.) Robinson Road :-
New sewer and relaying old between
Middle and Carnarvon Roads,
$ 1,741
Storm water drain do., do..
2,478
Drains in connection with lowering
summit, etc.,
5,900
$10,119
(iv.) Disinfecting Station neighbourhood :—
Extension of Nullah in Waterloo Road, $ 4,050 Sewer,
(v.) Salisbury Road-Storm water drain,
(vi.) Austin Avenue-Sewer and storm water drain,.. (vii.) Extension of sewer for Steam Laundry,
2,607
$ 6,657
3,015
1,961
1,201
(viii) Filling in swamp near
Do.,
650
(ix.) Extension of sewer to Gun Club Hill, (x.) Do. for latrine, Gillies Avenue,
444
439
Do. for K.I.L. 615, Observatory Road,
436
$50,981
(xi.)
Hongkong.
(xii.) Extension of sewer for R.B.L. 56, Mount Kellett Rd., $ 1,367
(xiii.) Storm-water drain in Leighton Hill Road,
*
(xiv.) Catchwater behind I.L.'s 1569 and 1577, do. do.,
(xv.) Drainage of Victoria British School,
(xvi.) Extension of sewer for 1.L. 1683, Macdonnell Road,...
(xvii.) General-Drain Connections,
1,288
1,276
591
450
$ 4,972
3,725
554
Item (i.) This provides for the drainage of all existing lots and of future lots when the reclamation is extended further. A proper outfall has been constructed in the sea-wall, beyond which it is improbable that reclamation will be carried. The total length of sewers is 1,550 yards and they vary in diameter from 21" to 9". They are all of glazed stoneware pipes and, where laid in reclaimed land, are supported on piles and concrete.
Item (ii) This comprises the laying of 533 yards of sewer pipes, from 21′′ to 9′′ in diameter, in Nelson and Argyle Streets and Macdonnell Road and of 313 yards of storm-water pipes, from 15" to 9" in diameter, discharging into the nullah in Nelson Street. Where necessary, the pipes are supported on piles and concrete.
Item (iii). A large, egg-shaped culvert, formed of cement concrete, arched over with brick in cement, was constructed in Robinson Road for carrying off storm-water. It extends northwards from Middle Road a distance of 240 yards and varies in size from 5′ 9′′ - by 3′ 10′′ to 4′ 9" by 3' 2". The existing sewer, 9" diameter, on the east side of this culvert. and the connections with it, had to be raised and a new 9" sewer, 156 yards in length, had to be laid on the west side of it to intercept the connections from houses which could not be taken across the culvert. These connections were raised where necessary. In connect- ion with the Contract for lowering the summit of Robinson Road and extending it north- wards, a storm-water culvert, 3′ 0′′ by 2′ 0′′, of masonry and concrete, 160 yards long,. was constructed in that road between First and Third Streets. Other branch storm-water- drains 15" and 12" in diameter, totalling 576 yards in length, were laid in the adjoining roads.
Item (iv.) The nullah in Trafalgar Road was extended for a distance of 600 feet. It has an average width of 9 feet and depth of 8 feet and is constructed with rubble masonry side walls on an invert of lime concrete 9" thick, surfaced with cement concrete, 3′′ thick. An iron railing of the usual pattern is provided to fence it off from the road. A tem- porary diversion of the stream, z18 feet in length, was also carried out. The sewer in Pitt Street was raised for a distance of 160 yards cast of Station Street and was extended for a distance of 160 yards with 9" pipes.
Item (v.) A storm-water drain 320 yards long and varying in diameter from 18′′ to 12", was laid in Salisbury Road, west of Robinson Road. Part of it was supported on piles and concrete and part laid in a trench blasted out of solid and very hard rock.
The remaining items call for no special mention.
59. Extensions of Gas Lighting.-Under this heading, 23 new lamps were erected in Kowloon and 1 in the City. Those in Kowloon were principally in Salisbury and Robinson. Roads, in connection with the construction of new main thoroughfares at Kowloon Point, and Mody Road was also provided with lamps. The lighting of the Hill District was carried out under a special vote and 4 lamps, which were provided in private lanes, were erected at the expense of the owners.
60. Miscellaneous Works.-The following are the principal items of expenditure under this heading, representing in some cases only a part of the cost of the works in consequence of their execution extending over more than one year:-
A
King's Park, Kowloon-Forming and turfing Cricket ground ...$8,220
Central Police Station -Sundry works connected with the addi- tion of a storey to main building and extension of European kitchens,
Paths in New Terrritory-Improvements :—
Tai Po to Sheung Shui (53 miles),
7,579
Do. to Shun Wan (34 miles),
Do. to Ma Wat Wai (13 miles),
Government House-Additional Coolie Quarters,
Post Office-Extension in hall of Supreme Court, etc., Opium Searching Shed,
$1,878
1,592
402
3,872
2,657
2,360
1,340
555
Granite Paving Experiments, Queen's Road West; Block House on Frontier, at Kau Tau Wai,... Victoria Gaol-Renewing gas service,
Do.
-Ventilators in roofs of A & B Blocks,
Store for signals, Blackhead's Hill,
Boundary stones to define Frontier near Sha Tau Kck,
Victoria British School-Alterations of Building and Resump-
tion of cultivated land in vicinity,...
1,240
1,025
993
942
748
685
668
Extension of telephone line to Kau Tau Wai Blockhouse,
631
Shelter for Chair Coolies: Lower Tramway Terminus,
587
Turfing slope behind Tung Wah Infectious Hospital at Kennedy
Town,
553
Repairing Matsheds at Tai Po,
532
Improvements at Tai Po,........
500
Forming channels below Stewart Terrace,....
434
Botanical and Forestry Department-Installing electric light in
Superintendent's Quarters,.
430
Mount Caroline Cemetery-Sundry works,
430
Presses for filing papers in Colonial Secretary's Office,
420
Forming Channels at Magazine Gap,
395
Extension of Analyst's Quarters, Government Civil Hospital, Victoria Gaol-Extension of Printer's Shop,......
...
391
362
Yaumati Police Station-Sundry works,
314
:
61. Reclamation, Tai-kok-tsui.-This work consisted of the reclamation of an irregular area of Crown foreshore, about 3 acres in extent, situated between Kowloon Marine Lots 32 and 46. Apart from the advantage of removing a gap in the reclamation of this neighbourhood, it was considered necessary to fill in the area to prevent its becoming a nuisance on sanitary grounds and it was therefore decided to reclaim it in conjunction with the adjoining lots, the reclamation of which was in progress. As Messrs. DENISON, RAM & GIBBS were super- vising the reclamation referred to, they were entrusted with the carrying out of the Govern- ment portion of the work, which was completed in August at a cost to Government of $37,451.13. By arrangement with the owners of Kowloon Marine Lot 32, an area belong- ing to them was also reclaimed at the same time, at a cost of $6,000 and their boundary was readjusted in such a way as to improve the laying out of the neighbourhood.
62. Compensation under the Buildings Ordinance of 1903.-This vote provides for the resumption of areas devoted to scavenging lanes and for the payment of compensation in connection with the removal of houses over the ends of private lanes or streets.
In some cases, instead of resuming the areas devoted to scavenging lanes, an agreement has been entered into with the owner to the effect that the lane is to be properly inaintained so long as the buildings abutting on it are occupied as dwellings and, in a few cases, the lane has been acquired by treating it as a set-off against some privilege granted, such as permission to erect verandahs or balconies over the public footpaths.
The following is a statement of the disbursements during the year :—
Scavenging Lanes:-
In rear of No. 106 Bonham Strand,
Area.
sq. ft.
91.86
Compensation. paid. $1,653.48
108
Do.,
90.00
In rear of 6 houses on K.I.L. 615,
..874.50
1,620.00 874.50
Houses over ends of private lanes :-
Area.
sq. ft.
No. 101 Third Street, over Sheung Fung Lane, 488 Surveying Expenses,
Compensation. paid. $1,200.00 1,068.00
,་
556
The following three houses over the ends of private lanes were removed voluntarily by the owners without compensation or pulled down by Government :—
Area sq. ft.
No. 1 Western Street, over Sai Wa Lane,..... Wo Fung Street, over Pan Kwai Lane,..............
No. 12 Cleverly Street, over Kwai Wa Lane,
220
58
78
In addition to the above, arrangements were made with regard to other properties, but these had not been finally concluded when the year closed, and negotiations were in pro- gress with regard to several others.
A small building, known as 301 Queen's Road Central, which had been in existence for many years, was found to form an encroachment on Crown land and was accordingly pulled down. Its removal has effected a distinct improvement in the approach to Cleverly. Street, which it previously partially blocked.
63. Insanitary Property Resumptions.-A full account of the resumptions undertaken on sanitary grounds since 1894 was published in the form of a special report during the
year.
>
The Kau U Fong Scheme, which was described in last year's Report, was fully com- pleted. The cost of resumptions for the scheme, including certain legal changes, surveyors fees, and interest, amounted to $237,156.50 and of clearing and laying the area out afresh to $17,591.28. A sum of $744.42 was however retained under the Contract pending the expiry of the period of maintenance. The area of land resumed was 27,156 square feet, of which 13,909 square feet has been devoted to the formation of a road and lanes, &c., leaving 13,247 square feet available for building purposes. This area was put up to public auction in December, but,, with the exception of one small lot, failed to find a purchaser. This is doubtless due to the present depression of trade in the Colony, land sales generally having been fewer than during recent years.
As the Kau U Fong Scheme approached completion, attention was turned to another resumption, which has been designated the Mee Lun Scheme. It included the whole of the properties occupying the central area of the block bounded by Gough Street on the north, Aberdeen Street on the east, Hollywood Road on the south, and the Belilios School for Girls on the west, together with several houses fronting on Gough Street and Holly- wood Road required for opening roads through to these thoroughfares. The total number of houses affected was 52, 31 of which had been acquired by the end of the year, whilst negotiations for most of the others were in a forward state. Only a small portion of the back premises was required in the case of one house, the entire premises being required in the case of the other 51. The amount expended on the resumptions effected was $125,125.
64. Forming and Kerbing Streets.-A large amount of work was undertaken under this heading, some of the chief items being in connection with the formation of the roads on the newly-reclaimed area at Kowloon Point, the alteration in width and level of existing roads adjoining and the carrying out of the scheme for the construction of main thoroughfares in Kowloon.
The following is a statement of the items of expenditure, the amount stated being in some cases only a part of the cost owing to the work extending into more than one year:-
Kowloon.
....
(i.) Resumption of part of Hung Hom I.L. 220 for con-
struction of proposed main thoroughfare to Hok Un, $25,000 (ii.) Formation of Salisbury Road from the West Bund to
Robinson Road,
8,013
(iii.) Extension of Robinson Road between Middle and Salis- bury Roads and raising level of old road to a point south of Mody Road,
6,243
(iv.) Extension of Kimberley Road, from Observatory Road to
Austin Road,
6,861
(v.) Retaining Wall, north side of Middle Road,
3,800
(vi.) Forming Pitt Street, Yaumati,
3,169
t
+
557
3,051
...
1,376
1,147
(vii.) Forming Streets in vicinity of Mongkoktsui Market, (viii.) Straightening Austin Road past Bowling Club ground,
(ix.) Forming Sixth Street, Yaumati, 100 feet in width,
(x.) Raising Des Voeux Road at its junction with Gascoignet
Road,
(xi.) Forming road to Observatory between Kowloon Inland
Lots 441 & 611,.
1,054
335
$60,049
Hongkong.
(xii.) Lowering summit of Arsenal Street,
(xiii.) Constructing retaining wall for road past Quarry Bay
Shipyard,
(xiv.) Laying foot-paths, &c., at Alexandra Buildings,..
$ 1,020
750
536
(xv.) Forming portion of Mount Caroline Road past the Cotton
Mills,
460
(xvi.) Forming passage between Inland Lots 1569 and 1577,
Wongueichong Road,
329
L
$ 3,095
Item (i.) is to enable a main thoroughfare extending from Blackhead's Point to be constructed through to Hok Un in an approximately direct line, thus avoiding the com- paratively narrow roads of Hunghom Village with their awkward bends.
The greater part of the area to be resumed had been acquired by the close of the year.
Item (ii.) By arrangement with the Kowloon Wharf & Godown Co., a new main thoroughfare, 100 feet in width, in continuation of Salisbury Road, which has been widened from 50 to 100 feet, was formed through Kowloon Marine Lot 9, certain godowns being demolished to enable this to be done. The scheme also includes the erection of a new pier for the Star Ferry Co.'s service at the end of Salisbury Road, thus enabling the Ferry traffic to be diverted to a point where it will be free from the obstructions, both ashore and afloat, from which it has suffered to an increasing extent during recent years.
Item (iii.) requires no explanation..
Item (iv.) Kimberley Road, Kowloon, was extended from Observatory Road to Austin Road. The cutting through the hill adjoining Austin Road was performed by the lessee of Kowloon Inland Lots 1154 and 1158 in accordance with the Conditions of Sale for these Lots, but the formation of the remainder of the road, which involved a great deal of filling-in and the construction of some retaining walls, was carried out by the l'ublic Works Department. Advantage was taken of the opportunity thus afforded of disposing of the material to cut down and re-grade a portion of the old road past Knutsford Terrace, thus effecting a substantial improvement in the road.
Item (v.) In connection with the formation of Middle Road, Kowloon, which involved the cutting down of a portion of Blackhead's Hill having a maximum height of 95 feet, it was found necessary to construct a retaining wall 50 feet in height. The cutting down for the road was executed free of cost to the Government to obtain material for the reclamation at Kowloon Point. The excavation for the retaining wall was well advanced at the close of the year and a substantial start had been made with the construction of the wall itself.
Item (vi.) calls for no comment.
Item (vii). In connection with the erection of a market at Mongkoktsui, the roads in the neighbourhood were formed to their proper levels and kerbed and channelled. The area dealt with extended from Nelson Street to Argyle Street and from Station Street North to the west side of the new market.
The remaining items call for no remarks,
+
558
65. Kowloon Roads.--Two contracts were undertaken out of this vote; one for lowering the summit of Robinson and Austin Roads, extending the former to the Yaumati Theatre and completing that portion of Gascoigne Road between Robinson Road and Station Street, and the other for forming roads in the vicinity of the Disinfecting Station. Both works were nearly completed at the close of the year. That first-mentioned included the lowering of the summit of the roads named by 4.25 feet, the consequent regrading of portions of them, the extension of Robinson Road, 100 feet in width for a distance of 2,050 feet and the com- pletion of the southern branch of Gascoigne Road, 100 feet in width, to its junction with Sixth Street. The other included the formation of about 500 yards of roads, 50 feet in width, between Robinson Road Extension and the Disinfecting Station. Part of the length mentioned constitutes the half-width of a future main thoroughfare, 100 feet in width, leading to Kowloon City.
The expenditure on the respective works was :-
Extension of Robinson Road, including lowering summit, &c. ... $10,493.57 Forming Roads in vicinity of Disinfecting Station,
$1,700.00
66. Road across King's Park.-The expenditure under this heading included work done on some small branch roads adjoining Gascoigne Road and the payment of a balance due on the contract which was completed in 1904.
67. Extension and Reconstruction of Albany Filter Beds.-Operations during the year were confined to levelling the site, constructing the necessary retaining wall next the Peak Tramway, and erecting new quarters for the watchman and coolies employed at the beds. A considerable mass of rock was encountered at the south-east angle of the site, the removal of which occupied a good deal of time and delayed the work, but the various items men- tioned were well advanced by the end of the year.
68. Kowloon Water-works, Gravitation Scheme.- Good progress was made with the various sections of the work, with the exception of the main dam which progressed rather slowly.
(i.) Storage Reservoir.-The main dam was constructed to an average height of about 400 feet above Ordnance Datuin, or 48 feet below overflow level. The excavation of the channel for the bye-wash or overflow was well advanced. The following are the quantities of material deposited in the main dam during the year:
Cement concrete, Rubble masonry facework,
Ashlar
""
..16,100 cubic yards.
550
........18,000 cubic feet.
(ii.) Tunnels, Site for Filter Beds, &c.—The tunnel through the Kowloon Range was pierced in October and the brick lining was in progress at the close of the year. Instead of having recourse to tunnelling for piercing the spur met with a little to the north, the Contractor preferred to make an open cutting, which attained a maximum depth of 111 feet. The requisite level was reached in December but the cutting required widening be- fore the brick lining could be put in. The 18" pipes were laid all the way to the south face of the tunnel and some portions beyond the tunnel were also laid.
(iii.) Catchwater and Clear Water Channel.-A contract for the construction of a catchwater, 8,300 feet in length, was let to Mr. LI A PING in March. The length to be constructed was subsequently extended to 10,400 feet, or practically 2 miles, the work being designed with a view to its ultimate extension to about 4 miles in length. Where it enters the reservoir, the catchwater has an average width of 19' 9" and depth of 8′ 0′′, diminishing gradually to 15' x 8' at 10,400 feet. The gradient is 1 in 2,400 and overflows are arranged at stream crossings. A path, 6 feet wide, is being constructed alongside the
catchwater.
The Contract also includes a clearwater channel along the south side of the reservoir to intercept some of the water conveyed by the catchwater and conduct it to the gauge- basin without passing into the reservoir. This is found beneficial during rainy weather when the water in the reservoirs often contains fine matter in suspension, which causes trouble in filtration, whilst the water in the streams is running clear. The channel has an
•
559
average width of 1' 9" and depth of 1' 6" and, to avoid contouring some long sprs of hilla which project into the reservoir, earthenware pipes, 15" in diameter, are laid in trenches cut through the spurs. In one case, the trench for the pipes reached a maximum depth of 28
feet.
69. Miscellaneous Water-works.-Practically the whole of the expenditure under this vote was confined to three items, viz :-
(i.) Lai Chi Kok Water-works-Water Boat Supply,... $16,807 (ii.) Main to Sywan Battery, (iii.) Hill District Fire Service,
6,116 3,429
(i.) Lai Chi Kok Water works.-The original scheme, which provided for supplying 200,000 gallons of filtered water per day, was completed in March and the works were at once brought into operation. They consisted of an intake on the Lai Chi Kok stream; a channel and pipes for conveying the water to the filter bed; a filter bed of an area of 200 square yards; a service reservoir of 100,000 gallons capacity; a delivery main, 6" diameter, to convey the water to a point where it could be distributed to the water-boats; and meters and shoots or pipes, supported on stagings, extending to where the water-boats could lie afloat whilst being filled.
Complaints arose almost immediately that the works were inadequate and that the rate of delivery into the water-boats was too slow, and a contract was let in June for the con- struction of an additional filter bed, area 235 square yards, and service reservoir, capacity 100,000 gallons, thus doubling the original works as regards filtration and storage. These extensions were completed in December.
With the further experience gained in the meanwhile, it was considered advisable to further extend the filtering capacity of the works, and a contract was therefore entered into in November for the construction of a filter bed, having an area of 440 square yards or equal to the combined area of the two beds previously constructed.
When this has been com- pleted, it is estimated that the works will be capable of dealing with half a million gallons of filtered water daily.
To enable the water-boats to be rapidly filled, a delivery main, 8′′ diameter, has been laid in addition to the 6" main referred to above.
(ii.) Main to Sywan Battery.-This main was laid by arrangement with the Military Authorities to enable a supply of water to be obtained by gravitation. It consists of 2,751 lineal yards of 4" cast-iron main, extending from the Mount Parker Catchwater to the Military Works on the summit of Sywan Hill. The Military Authorities contributed the sum of $4,700 towards the cost of the work.
(iii.) Hill District Fire Service. The question of providing a system of fire hydrants throughout the Hill District has been under consideration for a number of years but the difficulty of giving effect to it has hitherto been that the means of pumping and storing water were inadequate and the supply for ordinary purposes might be depleted if the water were used for fire purposes. The construction of the Peak and Mount Gough Service Reservoirs, the installation of No. 4 Motor with a 3" rising main to the latter and of a new steam pumping engine and enlarged rising main (partly 5" and partly 6" diameter) to the former have in great measure removed these objections and the work has now been under- taken. In all, 57 hydrants are being fixed, and of these, 54 have been completed. In consequence of the high pressures prevailing over many parts of the district, screw-down hydrants have been used instead of the ball-hydrants in use in the City.
70. Peak Supply and Reconstruction of No. 2 Tank.-It has been decided to relegate the latter item to a separate vote and to carry out the former only under this heading. The whole of the works were completed by the end of the year. They comprised sundry extensions and alterations of the old Pumping Station Buildings on Bonham Road, erected in 1891, the erection of a new and much more powerful pumping engine, the installation of 2 new boilers, the laying of a larger rising main to the Peak Service Reservoir and the necessary re-arrangement of pipes and valves in and about the Pumping Station.
3
560
>
The pumping engine is a compound, horizontal, surface-condensing engine, built by Messers. TANGYE LTD., Birmingham, with cylinders 13" and 25" diameter, stroke 24", actuating double ram pumps which are arranged for pumping either to the High Level Tanks or to the Peak Service Reservoir as may be desired. 1 he plungers for the former are 7ğ" diameter and for the latter 43" diameter, the capacity of the pumps being 7.5 gallons per revolution when pumping to the High Levels and 2.46 gallons when pumping to the Peak, and the ordinary working speed 40 revolutions per minute. The lift in the case of the High Levels is 438 feet and in the case of the Peak 1,648 feet. The engine commenced to work on the 7th March, and has been found to run smoothly and well.
The boilers are of the Cornish type, 6'0" in diameter by 24′ 0′′ long, and have a working pressure of 120 lbs. per square inch. They were supplied by Messrs. TANGYE Limited.
The main to the Peak Service Reservoir is 4,930 feet in length, the lower half being 5" diameter and the upper half, 6" diameter. It is laid with wrought iron pipes, with screwed socket joints. The pipes supplied have not been so satisfactory as those forming• the older mains, 3" in diameter, laid in 1891 and 1901 respectively, and bursts have been somewhat frequent.
The total expenditure on the works has been $65,267.95.
71. Tytam Tuk Scheme.-Fair progress was inade with the various works comprised in this scheme considering the difficulties experienced on account of sickness among the workmen.
.) Dam.-The depositing of concrete was begun in January and by the end of the year the dam had reached a level of 155 feet above Ordnance Datum, the lowest part of the foundations being 93 feet and overflow level 200 feet above the datum mentioned.
In all, 15,300 cubic yards of cement concrete were deposited and 15,000 cubic feet of ashlar masonry set during the year. It was found possible to impound at the end of the wet season about 10 million gallons of water, which was afterwards pumped up by the tempor- ary pump for distribution to the City.
•
(ii) Pumping Station.-The site was completed except as regards surfacing, &c., which cannot be undertaken until the material filled in has become consolidated and the buildings have been completed. The walls of the engine-house were ready to receive the traveller girders and the foundations for the pumping engines, which are of cement concrete, were practically completed. The overseers' quarters were completed, except as regards painting, and good progress was made with the boiler-house, workshop, store, chimney, flue, and boiler-seatings, for which additional contracts were let to Mr. KANG ON.
for quarters for the Chinese engine-drivers and stokers, &c., was also let to the same Con-
tractor.
(iii.) New Road.-The new road from the gap on the Stanley Road was in a forward state up to where it bridges the stream below the damn, but beyond this little work had been done, the Contractor's efforts being concentrated on the first-mentioned section, on which the works are of a heavier nature. For the largest bridge (3 spans of 50 feet) the arches were being constructed; for another (3 spans of 20 feet and 1 of 30 feet) the arches were com- pleted and the spandrels filled in up to stringcourse level; for another (2 spans of 20 feet and 1 of 30 feet) the piers and abutments were ready for the arches, and for the fourth the concrete foundations had been put in. All the heavy cuttings were completed and the larger retaining walls built. Piers to support the rising mains were constructed wherever embankments occur, being carried up from the solid ground.
(iv.) Access Roads to Pumping Station and Gauge Basin.-The cuttings and embank- ment for the road to the Pumping Station were nearing completion; the road to the gauge- basin at the Tunnel Inlet was begun and the track for the suction main was about completed. (v.) Rising Main, 18" diameter.-Pipe-laying was begun on the 17th December and 240 feet were laid.
(vi.) Suction Main, 18" diameter. Pipe-laying was begun on the 20th June and by the close of the year 3,160 feet had been laid. The pipes are in 12-feet lengths and weigh 19 cwts. each and they are therefore awkward things to move about along roads in course of construction and much encumbered with materials. They were carried by gangs of 16 coolies to each pipe.
2
561
72. Rifle Ranges near Kowloon City--Construction of Butts.-In accordance with the arrangement come to for removing the ranges from the King's Park, the construction of the butts was carried out by the Military Authorities at the expense of the Colonial Government. The expenditure shown in Appendix B was a balance due on the work, which cost in all $13,959.53, exclusive of land resumptions, which cost $9,026.15, and some improvements subsequently carried out, as mentioned below, at a cost of $2,985.62.
•
73. Rifle Ranges near Kowloon City-Diversion of Road.-It was intended to carry out some improvements to the diverted road, but, as the Military Authorities desired to have the road widened and otherwise improved, the work was delayed until an arrangement could be come to with them.
74. Rifle Ranges near Kowloon City-Improvements.-The necessary work was carried out by the Military Authorities at the expense of the Colonial Government, the cost being $2,985.62.
• 75. Urinal near the Peak Tram Terminus.-This work has been referred to under the heading "Public Latrines and Urinals.'
76. Green Island Light Improvement.-This work consisted of the transfer of the light apparatus-a First Order one-from Cape D'Aguilar to Green Island; the erection of a new tower, 31 feet higli, to receive it; and the construction of additional quarters to accom- modate the extra staff required to supervise its working. The light at Cape D'Aguilar was rendered obsolete by the erection of a lighthouse on Waglan Island by the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs and, as the light on Green Island was only a Fourth Order one, it was decided to supersede it by the one from Cape D'Aguilar. In carrying out the change, the light was fitted with an occulting apparatus, so as to give it a distinctive character. The removal and re-erection of the apparatus was successfully carried out departmentally under the supervision of Mr. NICHOLAS, Light-keeper. Everything was in order for the light to be exhibited on the 1st January, 1906, only a little work remaining to be done in connection with the quarters.
77. Lighting of the Peak Roads.In response to the representations of some of the Peak Residents, it was decided to light the public roads in the Hill District. Tenders were received from the Gas Co., the Hongkong Electric Co., Messrs. Dodwell & Co. (Kitson incandescent oil lamps) and Messrs. Wilks & Co., (independent electric light installation). These were referred to the Public Works Committee, which, after full consideration, recommended the acceptance of the Gas Cos.' tender. The necessary new lamps, 98 in number, were erected, a few lamps previously erected for experimental purposes were altered in position and lighting was commenced on the 1st September. Including lamps previously erected, 3 of which were in the grounds of Mountain Lodge and 3 on the road leading to Rural Building Lots 98,99 and 113, the total number amounts to 106. All the lamps are fitted with incandescent burners, being generally of 23 candle-power each.
78. Rainstorm Damages. As the result of a fall of 7.95 inches of rain on the 1st June, some dainage was done, principally to roads and retaining walls. No exceptional damage worthy of special reference occurred.
79. Resumption of Portions of Kowloon Marine Lots 4 & 5 for widening Salisbury Road. As already mentioned in connection with the description of works executed under the vote "Forming and Kerbing Streets", Salisbury Road has been widened from 50 to 100 feet and, for this purpose, it was necessary to resumé portions of certain lots, among which were the two mentioned above.
80. Repairs to Gap Rock Cable.--These have been described under "Maintenance of Telegraphs" and it is unnecessary to add anything here to what has already been stated.
81. Kowloon-Canton Railway, British Section-Survey & Preliminary Works-Messrs. BRUCE and VALPY arrived from England in the middle of June to carry out the necessary surveys for the selection of a route and for the setting out of the line when the route had been decided upon. Mr BRUCE submitted his report on the result of his preliminary sur- veys in October, strongly recommending what is known as the Eastern Route. His recom- mendation having been approved, the setting out of the line was begun and steps were taken for the resumption of the land required for the construction of the railway. For the setting
562
out, the services of Mr. CARPENTER, Assistant Engineer, and Mr. DARBY, Land Surveyor, were lent to Mr. BRUCE and, under his supervision, these officers undertook the section between Tai Po and Lo Fu Ferry. So far did matters progress that, on the 9th December, by the instructions of His Excellency the Governor, the work of constructing this section was begun and some progress had been made by the close of the year.
A scheme for the provision of a terminus, alongside which there will ultimately be afforded deep-water berthage for steamers, was prepared by Mr. BOULTON and submitted to Governinent.
ADVANCE ACCOUNTS.
82. Praya East Reclamation-Raising Roadway and Foot-paths.-The work of raising the Praya East roadway and foot-paths was completed, except in the case of a few properties whose owners demurred to the raising of the latter. The total expenditure under the yote has been $56,993.79 (of which $16,464.85 was expended during 1905), and, when the reclamation is undertaken, this sum will be recovered from the lot-holders. At a meeting of the Marine Lot-holders interested, held on the 13th May, 1905, a resolution was passed, with only one dissentient, to the effect that, it is inexpedient at the present time to take any further steps towards the proposed reclamation, and the matter is therefore in abeyance.
83. Rider Mains.-The various districts constituting the Central and Western divisions of the City were gazetted as Rider Main Districts Nos. 1 to 5. No. 1 was gazetted in 1904 and the others during 1905, work in Districts Nos. 1 to 4 being practically completed by the close of the year whilst in No. 5 it had been begun.
The following tabulated statements show the lengths of mains laid and the number of connections made with the mains, exemptions granted, &c. :-
MAINS LAID (LINEAL YARDS).
Cast Iron.
Wrought Iron.
4"
3"
3"
21"
2"
14"
30
10
1,450
80
26,000
300
or fully 15 miles in all.
District No.
CONNECTIONS MADE, EXEMPTIONS GRANTED, &c.
No. of Tenements
connected.
No. of Exemptions granted.
No. of Tene-
ments still to be connected.
Totals.
1
851
14
74
939.
2
304
1
4
309
3
1.771
16
163
1,950
4
966
4
100
1,070
5
500
10
5
1,495
2,000
Totals,
4,392
40
1,836
6,268
}
1
-
563
Exemptions from connection with the Rider Mains are granted by the Governor in Council and are confined to cases in which it can be shown to be essential for trade or other purposes that a larger supply than is likely to be obtainable from these mains should be given. In every case where exemption is granted a meter is fixed and payment is required for all water consumed in excess of the quantity allowed free in consideration of the sum paid as rates on the tenement.
As regards the tenements still to be connected, in some cases they are without water services and in others the services require to be altered before a connection can be made.
The expenditure on the work during the year amounted to $101,769.83.
น
STAFF, &c.
84. Leave granted, Appointments, Resignations, e.-The following Officers were granted leave exceeding one week's duration :-
Mr. P. N. H. JONES, Assistant Director of Public Works,. 2 months & 5 days.
H. G. C. FISHER, Executive Engineer,
...
,,
""
L. C. REES, Principal Land Surveyor,
W. DOBBS, Overseer, Building Ordinance,
0
""
V. WATSON,
S. R. Boyd,
Do.,
Do.,
.....
ERNEST AH CHIN, Clerk,
"?
KO HA CHUN, Do.,
"
C. GRANT, Assistant Foreman,
""
AII HING,
Do.,
""
YAM SIN,
Do.,
12
ܕ,
2
1
2 weeks.
& 2
8 months & 24 days. 2 weeks.
12 days.
1 month & 1 day.
2 weeks.
1 2 2 N
2
39
WONG TAK, Telegraph Workman,
The deaths of the following Officers occurred during the year :—
Mr. Hu MOK SHAN, Watchman at Tytam Filter Beds.
LAM SHIU, Watchman at Fo Tau Chau.
The following Officers left the service of the Department :-
Mr. A. C. MILNE, Clerk of Works.
""
E. DOUGHERTY,
Overseer.
M. TAYLOR,
Do.
#9
F. MASTERS,
Do.
A. A. PARK,
Do.
J. F. C. MACDONALD, Do.
""
و ونير
W. COBB,
Do.
W. NEWTON,
Do.
Miss A. M. de Souza, Clerk.
Mr. CHEUNG HOK LING, DO.
(Transferred to Magistracy.) (Retired on gratuity.)
FUNG HING CHEONG, Do.
""
CHAN YUK SHAN,
Do.
""
NG KWAI TSUNG,
Do.
LEUNG SOK PING,
Do.
1
*
LAU HONG, Tracer.
"
A TAN, YU TING, MAK WA LIM and CHAN CHING, Foremen.
CHAN PO and CHAN KEW, Fitters at Bonham Road Pumping Station.
LI SHEK, CHAU CHUNG, FOO FAT and HO SANG, Watchmen, and one Telegrapl
workman and 21 Coolies.
564-
The following appointments were made :-
Mr. C. T. FOOK,
Surveyor.
""
H. C. SAYER,
Do.
.9
I. A. REMEDIOs, Clerk.
H. E. HENDY,
Overseer.
W. H. MANNERS, Do.
""
G. COOKE,
Do.
""
H. A. MORRIS,
Do.
29
J. C. POLLOCK,
Do.
A. V. PARKER,
Do.
F. RYAN,
Do.
"
KO HA CHUN,
Clerk.
WONG KAI LEung, Do.
>>
CHEUNG SIT TING, Do.
"?
YEUNG KUN,
Do.
YEUNG SING U,
Do.
""
LI PING CHIU,
Do.
PAU CHUNG WING, Tracer.
""
TANG NGOK WAN, Do.
21
year:
TSUI CHEONG, CHONG LEUNG, TOM HONG and LAI A HING, Foremen.
LAI LAM, Fitter, Bonham Road Pumping Station.
KO HONG and LEONG LOW, Watchmen, and 2 Telegraph Workmen and 26 Coolies
The following Officers entered and left the Service of the Department within the
Mr. R. C. BIRD, Land Surveyor.
Dr. MA LUK, Resident Doctor at Tytam Tuk Water-works.
Mr. TANG YAU MING, Clerk.
WONG WO CHING,
Do.
CHAN YING Sze, Do.
YEE TSAN HI, Foreman.
KUM SUN, CHAN PO FAN, and YEE KWAI, Watchmen, and 16 Coolies.
Mr. W. CHATHAM, Director of Public Works, returned from leave and resumed his duties on the 28th March..
Mr. A. H. HOLLINGSWORTH, Executive Engineer, returned from leave and resumed his duties on the 6th March.
There were no changes of any moment in the Staff during the year, except that it was found necessary to strengthen the Land Survey branch in order to overtake the work con- nected with the surveying of Tax-lord Claims and sales of numerous small lots in the New Territory.
W. CHATHAM, M.I.C.E.,
Director of Public Works.
565 -
Appendix A,
ANNUALLY RECURRENT EXPENDITURE, 1905.
Establishment and Public Works Recurrent.
Amounts in Estimates.
Supple- mentary votes.
Total Amounts voted.
Expendi-
ture.
ESTABLISHMENT.
$
C.
$
$ C. $
Personal Emoluments, including Exchange Compen-
sation,
246,306.00
246,306.00 202,786.53
Other Charges,
18,152.00
400.00 18,552.00 16,817.03
|
264,458.00
400.00 264,858.00 219,603.56
PUBLIC WORKS RECURRENT.
Buildings.
1. Maintenance of Buildings,
52,000.00
2,000.00 54,000.00 53,676.59
|
:2.
in New Territory,
8,000.00
8,000.00
7,553.07
:3.
""
Lighthouses,
4,500.00
4,500.00 4,162.73
Lighting.
4. Gas Lighting, City of Victoria and Hill District,...| 42,000.00
5. Electric Lighting, City of Victoria,........................
23,000.00
1,050.00 43,050.00 42,827.37
23,000.00 22,390.94
|
9,000.00
100.00 9,100.00 9,012.01
6. Gas Lighting, Kowloon,
Communications.
7. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges in City,
8.
9.
99
10.
25
11.
""
Telegraphs,
12.
A
in New Territory,
50,000.00
1,000.00
51,000.00 50,452.53
""
outside City,...
25,000.00
25,000.00 24,857.28
>>
in Kowloon,...
20,000.00
20,000.00 19,408.14
in New Territory,...
7,000.00
1,500.00
7,500.00
8,500.00 7,654.05
7,600.00 15,100.00 | 15,089.31
4,000.00
4,000.00
3,233.06
Miscellaneous.
13. Maintenance of Praya Wall and Piers,
7,000.00 6,500.00 13,500.00 12,329.33
1,000.00
14.
Public Cemetery,
3,500.00
5,000.00 4,560.49
500.00
15.
Public Recreation Grounds, .
4,000.00
4,000.00 2,328.12
16. Dredging Foreshores, ...
12,000.00
17. Miscellaneous Services,
10,000.00
Drainage.
18. Maintenance of Sewers, Nullahs, &c.,
18,000.00
Water Supply.
19. Maintenance of City and Hill District,
50,000.00
20.
Kowloon,
12,000.00
21.
"
22.
Shau-ki-wan,.
Aberdeen,
1,000.00
"
1,000.00
10,000.00
:
:
:
:
:
12,000.00 8,444.92
10,000.00 9,965.83
18,000.00 17,111.88
50,000.00 | 46,636.76
11,739.66
12,000.00
1,000.00
219.92
1,000.00
147.15
23. Water Account, (Meters, &c.),
Total,
10,000.00 9,996.92
380,500.00 21,250.00 401,750.00 383,798.06
566
Appendix B.
EXTRAORDINARY EXPENDITURE, 1905.
PUBLIC WORKS EXTRAORDINARY.
Buildings.
1. Bacteriological Institute,.
2. Central Police Station, Additional Storey, 3. Disinfecting Station, Kowloon, including Quar- ters for Inspector and Office for Medical Offi- cer of Health,
4. Govt. Civil Hospital, Extension to Staff Quarters,. 5. Gunpowder Depôt, Green Island,
6. Harbour Office,..
8. Mong-kok-tsui Market,
7. Law Courts,
9. Western Market,
10. Post Office,
11. Do:, Shanghai,
12. Prison,
13. Public Latrines and Urinals,
14. School at Yaumati,
15. Tai Po Quarters for Officers,
1905.
AMOUNTS IN SUPPLE-
ESTIMATES MENTARY AMOUNTS
VOTES. VOTED.
TOTAL
EXPENDI
TURE.
$
C.
$
C.
30,500.00 13,000.00
7.600.00
$ C.
38,100.00
7,003.66
20,003.66
$ C.
35,255.06 20,003.66
4,200.00
§ 4,800.00
2,800.00
11,800.00 11,690.26
00.00
20,000.00
20,000.00 12,938.16
50,000.00 34,393.00 84,393.00
|
84,393.00| 70,003.44
43,000.00
43,000.00 36,073.47
160,000.00
160,000.00 70,570.50
5,000.00
...
5,000.00
5,000.00
67,000.00
185,000.00
67,000.00| 66,953.23-
185,000.00 99,400.25-
15,000.00
15,000.00
10,000.00
10,000.00
12.000.00
12,000.00
8.953.51
12,000.00 13,081.06
25,081.06 19,199.03
15,500.00
7,500.00
23,000.00
23,000.00
17,584.34
5,000.00
5,000.00
4,975.44
10,000.00
10,000.00 9,966.44
20,000.00
16. Volunteer Headquarters, (Contribution),
Drainage Works.
17. Gullies Re-construction, ....
18. Training Nullahs,..
19. Miscellaneous Drainage Works,.
Miscellaneous.
20. Gas Lighting, Extension of,.
21. Miscellaneous Works,
22. Reclamation, Tai-kok-tsui,
Public Health & Buildings Ordinance, 1903. 23. Compensation for Scavenging Lanes, &c....... 24. Insanitary Property Resumptions,
Roads.
25. Forming and Kerbing Streets,
26. Kowloon Roads,
27. Road across King's Park,
1
Water Supply.
28. Albany Filter Beds, Reconstruction and Extension, 29. Kowloon Water-works, Gravitation Scheme, 30. Miscellaneous Water-works, ..........
31. Peak Supply and Reconstruction of No. 2 Tank, 32. Tytam Tuk Scheme,....
Works for which no Provision was made in Estimates. 33. Rifle Ranges near Kowloon City--Construction of
34.
35.
Do.
Do.
Butts, -Diversion of
Road,....
---Improvements
in Ranges,.
36. Urinal near the Peak Tram Terminus,.
37. Green Island Light Improvement,. 38. Lighting of the Peak Roads,
39. Rainstorm Damages,
40. Resumption of Portions of K. M. Lots 4 & 5 for
widening Salisbury Road,
41. Repairs to Gap Rock Cable,
42. Kowloon-Canton Railway, British Section-Sur-
vey and Preliminary Works,.
43. Typhoon Damages,
Total,......
20,000.00 | 19,793.91
45,000.00 15,000.00 60,000.00 59,673.15
|
2,500.00
35,000.00
2,500.00 1,699.00
150.00 9,800.00
44,950.00 44,900.35
20,500.00 6,295.95 26,795.95| 23,747.08
20,000.00
150,000.00
20,000.00 6,415.98
150,000.00 150,000.00
40,000.00 25,000.00 | 65,000.00 || 64,746.45-
20,000.00
5,000.00
20,000.00 12,193.57
5,000.00
4,389.91
19.551.65
20,000.00 3,458.15 23,458.15
350,000.00 271,709.44 25,000.00 24,872.66 9,926.56 19,926.56 19,925.33 40,000.00 440,000.00 439,075.32
350,000.00
20,000.00
5,000.00
10,000.00 400,000.00
:
:
700.64
700.64
660.17*
1,535.16
1,535.16
3,600.00
3,600.00
2,985.62
893.00
893.00
832.41
9,200.00
9,200.00
9,111.98
5,500.00
5,500.00
5,316.45
10,420.00
2,350.00
12,770.00 12,768.43
35,499.00 35,499.00 17,286.75
5,871.65 5,871.65 5,869.38
25,000.00
75,000.00 64,463.31
50,000.00
4,650.00. 4,650.00 4,583.74
$1,815,200.00 346,997.83 2,162,197.83 1,775,138.83
>
Appendix C.
CITY AND HILL DISTRICT WATER-WORKS, 1905. Monthly Consumption and Contents of Reservoirs (gallons).
567
MONTH.
POKFULAM.
TAITAM.
WONG-NEI-CHEONG,
TOTAL CON-
TENTS OF
MINT DAM
RAIN-
COLLECTED TOTAL CON-
AND
GRAND
FALL AT
BY-WASH.
MAIN.
FROM
SUMPTION
In Reser-
Delivered
Delivered
voir 1st of
month.
over
gauge.
In Reservoir In Reservoir 1st of month. Ist of month.
over
gange.
In Reser-
voir 1st of
month.
Delivered IMPOUNDING
BLUE POOL
(Un-
OBSER-
TOTAL.
VATORY
(Inches).
January,... 35,680,000 19,991,000-
February, 21,225,000 15,266,000
|
March, 9,400,000 7,281,000
April,
May,
June,
306,200,000 101,454,000| 225,030,000 86,274,000| 132,000
over
guage.
RESERVOIRS. STREAMS. (Filtered). filtered).
738,000 133,598,000 1.80
875,000 108,725,000 1.10
659,000 341,880,000 12,756,000 132,860,000 246,387,000 6,310,000 107,850,000 154,300,000 41,718,000 552,000 1,149,000 164,452,000 33,133,000 88,281,000 44,960,000 20,112,000 1,639,000 200,420,000 78,669,000 10,613,000 13,564,000 257,632,000 12,077,000 124,422,000 36,725,000 | 28,233,000 1,285,000 191,003,000 11,968,000 150,442,000 1,330,000 151,772,000 6.83 53,840,000 20,686,000 4,367,000 180,00.5,009 71,690,000 19,057,000 11,221,000 257,269,000 33,062,000 136,659,000 1,323,000 137,982,000 19.70
154,280,000 108,956,000
3€6,000 88,647,000 11.48
576,000 |124,998,000 1,24
July, | 65,370,000 33,165,000 8,207,000 338,780,000 69,833,000 25,819,000 34,600,000, 438,176,000 23,752,000 161,350,000 1,387,000 162,737,000 9.01 August,.... 66,000,000 | 29,654,000 1,336,000 347,660,000 99,668,000 3,408,000
September, 66,000,000 28,401,000 22,497,000 386,240,000 88,050,000 19,564,000
October,
...
418,404,000 27,955,000 157,277,000 1,388,000 | 158,665,000 12.12 494,801,000 28,341,000 144,792,000 1,388,000 146,180,000 3.19
65,010,000 30,692,000 1,471,000 381,650,000, 60,967,000 20,715,000 20,051,000 468,846,000 10,657,000 122,367,000 476,000 122,843,000 1.83 362,135,000 92,406,000 1,376,000 407,815,000 302,000 116,409,000 477,000 116,886,000 .20 666,000 325,440,000 1,768,000 113,799,000 496,000 114,275,000 2.37
November,.. 45,680,000 22,125,000
December, 29,540,000 17,296,000
Total,...
270,902,000
...
295,900,000 94,069,000
...
Estimated average population for the whole year, 229,100. Consumption of filtered water per head per day for whole year,
"
"}
4,000| |993,754,000|
...
84,571,000
during Constant supply.
...18.61 gallons. 20.1
207,281,000 1,556,508,000 | 10,800,000 1,567,308,000 70.95
REMARKS.
Constant supply. Constant supply up to 26th inclusive. Intermit- ted supply from 27th, Intermittent supply up to 28th inclusive. Con- stant supply from 29th. Constant supply during whole month.
""
""
""
To. Tytam Tuk Pump s'arted on the 27th. Rider mains brought in- to operation in Districts 1, 2 & 3 from 1st inst. Do. do. extended to District 4 on the 22nd. Intermittent supply to Eastern District from 15th inst.
Constant supply, 243 days. Intermittent or rider main supply, 122 days.
Consumption of filtered water per head per day during universally Intermittent supply, ...12.5 gallons. ...16.7
partially
Appendix D.
CITY AND HILL DISTRICT WATER-WORKS, 1905. Particulars of Metered and Unmetered Supplies (gallons).
FILTERED SUPPLY.
UNMETERED.
METERED.
UNFILTERED
MONTH.
CITY.
TOTAL.
SUPPLY
METERED.
GRAND TOTAL.
}
CITY.
HILL DISTRICT.
#
Trade.
Domestic.
January,
February,
March,
April,
117,392,000
7,620,000
7,025,000
823,000
132,860,000
738,000
132,598,000
92,254,000
7,905,000
6,919,000
772,000
170,850,000
875,000
108,725,000
72,772,000
6,916,000
7,737,000
856,000
88,281,000
366,000
88,647,000.
.....
568
103,164,000
11,407,000
9,012,000
839,000
124,422,000
576,000
124,998,000
May,
129,140,000
11,445,000
8,990,000
867,000
150,442,000
1,330,000
151,772,000
June,
July,
August,.
September,
115,342,000
11,411,000
9,005,000
901,000
136,659,000
1,323,000
137,982,000
134,591,000
15,968,000
9,620,000
1,171,000
161,350,000
1,387,000
162,737,000
130,458,000
16,022,000
9,637,000
1,160,000
157,277,000
1,388,000
158,665,000
117,965,000
16,017,000
9,632,000
1,178,000
144,792,000
1,388,000
146,180,000
October,.....
104,252,000
8,692,000
8,032,000
1,391,000
122,367,000
476,000
122,843,000
November,
98,090,000
8,800,000
8,107,000
1,412,000
116,409,000
477,000
116,886,000
December,
95,804,000
8,810,000
7,773,000
· 1,412,000
113,799,000
476,000
114,275,000
Total,
1,311,224,000
131,013,000
101,489,000
12,782,000
1,556,508,000
10,800,000
1,567,308,000
Appendix E.
CITY AND HILL DISTRICT WATER-WORKS, 1905.
Water Pumped to Hill District and High Levels of the City (gallons). (Theoretical Displacement of Pumps).
569
HIGH LEVELS OF CITY.
HILL DISTRICT.
GRAND
MONTH.
700' TANK (Peak Road District).
600' & 650' TANKS (Robinson Road District).
TOTAL
COMBINED
PUMPED.
MOTORS.
ENGINE.
TOTAL.
Motors.
Engine.
Total.
Motors.
Engine.
Total.
TOTALS.
January,
620,000 1,871,000 2,491,000
.751,000
751,000
1,734,000
2,776,000
4,510,000
February,
721,000
822,000 1,543,000
354,000
354,000
1,304,000
March,
530,000 1,512,000 2,042,000
273,000
273,000
677,000
5,261,000 1,795,000 3,099,000 3,453,000 4,996,000 1,233,000 1,910,000 2,183,000 4,225,000
7,752,000
April,.
490,000 1,862,000 2,352,000
398,000
398,000
1,845,000
May,
999,000 1,371,000 2,370,000
534,000
534,000
2,049,000
June,
July,
....
1,079,000
1,326,000 2,405,000
610,000
610,000
1,903,000
2,548.000
929,000
1,453,000 2,382,000
714,000
714,000
1,899,000
August,
728,000
1,243,000 1,971,000
586,000
586,000
2,220,000
September,
818,000
1,266,000 2,084,000
743,000
743,000
October,....
November,...
485,000
1,580,000 2,065,000
637,000
637,000
461,000 1,290,000 1,751,000
616,000
December,
303,000 1,464,000 1,767,000
622,000
1,834,000 3,679,000 2,243,000 4,292,000 4,451,000 5,061,000 7,466,000 3,012,000 4,911,000 5,625,000 8,007,000 3,056,000 5,276,000 5,862,000 7,833,000 2,167,000 3,217,000 5,384,000 6,127,000 8,211,000 2,054,000 3,451,000 5,505,000 6,142,000 8,207,000 616,000 1,462,000 3,462,000 4,924,000 5,540,000 7,291,000 622,000 1,331,000 3,254,000 4,585,000 5,207.000 6,974,000
4,077,000
4,826,000 7,196.000
6,429,000
Total,
8,163,000 17,060,000 25,223,000 6,838,000
......
6,838,000 20,645,000 31,881,000
52,526,000 59,364,000 84,587,000
Appendix F.
CITY AND HILL DISTRICT WATER-WORKS, 1905.
Comparative Table showing Water Pumped to Hill District during the last ten years (gallons).
Month.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905.
570
January,
February,
March,
1,022,000
741,000
836,000
April,
992,000
May,
1,210,000
June,
1,176,000
July,
August,
September,
1,404,000
1,115,000 735,000 1,669,000 1,641,000 873,000 1,434,000 1,553,000 1,347,000 1,138,000 993,000 1,730,000 1,362,000 1,574,000 648,000 809,000 1,093,000 1,373,000 1,542,000 1,613,000 1,751,000 740,000 1,476,000 1,316,000 1,387,000 1,769,000 1,654,000 1,933,000 1,101,000 1,853,000 1,409,000 1,553,000 1,957,000 1,939,000 2,001,000 1,796,000 2,715,000 1,397,000 1,560,000 1,618,000 1,972,000 2,127,000 2,041,000 2,175,000 2,700,000 1,462,000 1,498,000 1,808,000 2,157,000 2,323,000 1,421,000 1,995,000 2,214,000 2,182,000
1,881,000
1,566,000
1,178,000
1,674,000
2,491,000
1,516,000
814,000
935,000
1,196,000
1,543,000
1,350,000 2,042,000
1,317,000
2,352,000
2,027,000
1,557,000 2,405,000
2,370,000
October,...
1,346,000
November,
December,
1,297,000 1,926,000 1,136,000 1,134,000
1,030,000 1,464,000
2,185,000 2,097,000 1,659,000 1,760,000 2,158,000 2,136,000 1,200,000
2,451,000 1,920,000 2,709,000 1,912,000 2,601,000 2,524,000
3,085,000 2,382,000 2,868,000 2,740,000 1,971,000 2,748,000 2,794,000 2,084,000 2,898,000 3,164,000 2,065,000 2,742,000 2,763,000 1,751,000 1,699,000 1,800,000 2,144,000 1,549,000 1,047,000 2,574,000 2,513,000 1,767,000
Total,
13,752,000
15,318,000
18,180,000 22,308,000 22,587,000 24,143,000 17,443,000 25,496,000
26,180,000 25,223,000
Appendix G.
CITY AND HILL DISTRICT WATER-WORKS, 1905.
Comparative Table showing Water Pumped to High Levels of the City during the last ten years (gallons).
Month.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905.
571
January,
February,
962,000
820,000
2,221,000
1,845,000
March,
1,009,000
April,..
1,203,000
May,
1,463,000
June,
1,391,000
July,
1,478,000
1,632,000
August,
1,543,000
September,
1,449,000
October,
1,505,000
November,
December,
1,394,000 1,431,000
1,478,000 1,358,000 1,951,000
1,100,000 1,644,000 1,135,000 1,960,000 1,076,000 1,772,000 2,063,000 1,352,000 1,404,000 2,091,000 591,000 2,185,000 968,000 2,020,000 2,045,000 1,436,000 1,355,000 1,097,000 2,022,000 2,063,000 824,000 2,230,000 1,860,000 4,077,000 1,646,000 1,608,000 1,491,000 1,835,000 1,869,000 1,460,000 2,555,000 4,264,000
1,473,000 1,502,000 1,451,000 2,015,000 2,727,000 3,285,000 3,598,000 4,624,000 5,061,000 1,613,000 1,490,000 1,939,000 2,732,000 4,070,000 4,920,000 4,962,000 5,625,000 1,638,000 1,578,000 1,569,000 2,320,000 3,258,000 3,909,000 4,780,000 1,600,000 1,701,000 1,704,000 2,173,000 3,065,000 4,342,000 4,728,000 1,653,000 1,699,000 2,192,000 2,383,000 3,776,000 4,168,000 6,481,000 5,716,000 6,142,000 1,425,000 1,526,000 1,641,000 1,957,000 2,158,000 1,839,000 2,129,000 6,227,000 5,774,000 5,540,000 1,722,000 2,135,000 2,190,000 1,032,000 2,206,000 5,461,000 5,462,000 5,207,000.
2,433,000
1,700,000
2,265,000
3,364,000
5,261,000
3,453,000
2,183,000
4,826,000
5,874,000 5,862,000
6,066,000 6,127,000
Total,
15,642,000
17,845,000 18,436,000 20,772,000
23,692,000 28,939,000 30,450,000 49,797,000 49,001,000 59,364,000
Month.
572
Appendix H.
KOWLOON WATER-WORKS, 1905.
Supplies from Old and New Sources-Monthly Consumption (gallons).
From old sources (Wells in Fo Pang & Tai Shek Ku Valleys, &c.) (Pumped.)
From new sources (Cheung Sha Wan In- takes.) (By Gravitation.)
Total.
Remarks.
January,
10,614,000
2,839,000 13,453,000
Nos. 8 and 9 Intakes cut out on
account of Military Encampment.
February,
9,961,000
March,
9,518,000
2.220,000 12,181,000
3,252,000 12,770,000
Do.
Do.
April,
9,816,000 4,519,000
14,335,000
Do.
May,
12,035,000 3,107,000
15,142,000
Do.
June,
10,279.000 10,077,000
20,356,000
Do.
July,
6,881.000
......
August,
11,693,000
3,243,000 12,328,000
18,574,000
All Intakes (Nos. 1 to 9) in use.
15,571,000
Do.
September,
3,708,000 11,908,000 .15,616,000
Do.
October.
9,226,000 8,017,000
17,243,000 No. 3 Intake cut out on account of
Military Encampment.
November,
10,737,000 4,487,000 15,224,000
December,
Do..
Do.
11,796,000 3,429,000 15,225,000
Total, ......... 107,814,000.
107,814,000. 77,876,000 185,690,000
Month.
Appendix J.
KOWLOON WATER-WORKS, 1905.
Particulars of Metered and Unmetered Supplies (gallons).
Metered Supply.
Unmetered Supply.
Grand Total.
Trade.
Domestic.
Total.
January,
938,000 1,187,000 2,425,000 11,028,000 13,453,000
February,
March,
April,
May,
June,
July,
August,
September,
October;
November,
December,
919,000 1,463,000 2,382,000 9,799,000 12,181,000
927,000 1,444,000 2,371,000 10.399.000 12,770,000
1,417,000 1,796,000 3,213,000 11,122,000 14,335,000
1,411,000 1,781,000 3,192,000 11,950,000 15,142,000
1,560,000 1,912,000 3,472,000 16,884,000 20,356,000
1,361,000 1,640,000 3,001,000 15,573,000 18,574,000
1,362,000 1,644,000 3,006,000 12,565,000 15,571,000
1,371,000 1,639,000 3,010,000 12,606,000 15,616,000
614,000
1,390,000 2,004,000 15,239,000 17,243,000
620,000 1,428,000 2,048,000 13,176,000 15,224,000
618,000 1,429,000 2,047,000 13,178,000 15,225,000
Total,
13,118,000 19,053,000 32,171,000 153,519,000 185,690,000
:
4.
573
Appendix K.
ABERDEEN WATER-WORKS, 1905.
Monthly Consumption (gallons).
Metered Unmetered
Month.
Total.
Remarks.
Supply.
Supply.
January,
71,000
281,000
352,000
February,
60,000
237,000
297,000
March,
65,000
265,000
330,000
April,
136,000
312,000
118,000
May,
140,000
469,000
609,000
June,
145,000
434,000
579,000
July,.
120,000
510,000
630,000
August,
122,000
440,000
562,000
September,
126,000
451,000
577,000
October,
50,000
449,000
499,000
November,
60,000
386,000
446,000
December,
53,000
361,000
414,000
Total,
1,148,000 4,595,000 5,743,000
Month.
Appendix L.
SHAU-KI-WAN WATER-WORKS, 1905. Monthly Consumption (gallons).
Metered Unmetered
Total.
Remarks.
Supply.
Supply.
January,
8.000
714,000
722,000
February,
13,000
571,000
584,000
March,
15,000
569,000
584,000.
April,
26,000
490,000
516,000
May,...
30,000
718,000
748,000
June,
28,000
912,000
940,000
July,....
27,000
1,057,000 1,084,000
August,
62,000
,951,000 1,013,000
September,
50,000
892,000
942,000
October,
104,000
843,000
947,000
November,
December,
108,000
599,000
707,000
104,000
641,000
745,000
Total,
575,000 8,957,000 9,532,000
MONTH.
574
Appendix M.
LAI-CHI-KOK WATER-WORKS, 1905.
Water Boat Supply. Monthly Consumption (gallons).
METERED SUPPLY.
REMARKS.
January,
Not in operation (works under construction).
February,
March,
2,683,000
Works brought into operation on the 7th.
April..............
3,061,000
May,....
4,792,000
June,
2,998,000
July,
1,742,000
August,
1,710,000
September,
4,305,000
October........
2,873,000
November..............
6,180,000
December.....
9,500,000
Total,
39,844,000
HONGKONG.
REPORT ON THE QUEEN'S COLLEGE, FOR THE YEAR 1905.
No.
4
1906
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
1. The total number on the Roll-1,416-was 95 less than the previous year, while the average daily attendance was 1,015, or 15 in excess. These comparative figures establish the facts, that Queen's College was as full in 1905 as in 1904, but that there was a further improvement in regularity of attendance, and that fewer boys left in the course of the year, which is moreover supported by the fact that only 373 new boys were admitted, as against 453.
2. The Estimates provided $68,694 for 1905, but of this only $60,535 were spent. The amount of School Fees was $31,387 covering nearly 52 per cent. of the total Expendi- There was an increase in Fees of $2,339, of which $1,660 are directly due to the extra half-dollar a month charged to each scholar in the Upper School. The balance $679 is assignable to the improved attendance mentioned above.
ture.
3. The following changes in the Staff took place during the year :--
Mr. RALPHS returned from leave, 18th September.
Mr. GRANT went on leave, 1st November.
Mr. LI UN-LUN, Articled Pupil Teacher, resigned, 28th February.
Mr. LUK SIK-KWONG, 3rd C. A., died, 1st April.
Mr. LAI U-LIM, 11th C.A., invalided from Service, 31st May.
To fill the three vacancies thus caused, necessary promotions were made and three new Pupil Teachers were articled.
4. The results of the Oxford Local Examinations in 1905 as regards Queen's College show considerable improvement, 27 Good marks being obtained as against 11 in 1904. Six Senior, 4 Junior and 12 Preliminary--22 Candidates in all--obtained certificates. The follow- ing percentages in subjects may be of interest :-Arithmetic, 80; Shakespeare, 80; Freehand Drawing, 79; Algebra, 78; History, 70; Geography, 54; Composition, 50; Book-keeping, 44, Grammar, 44, Geometry, 29.
5. The results of the Annual Examination, held by me under Standing orders from the Governing Body, are as follows:-
Upper School,..
247 boys examined, 223
or
Lower School,
Preparatory School,
.539
224
476
""
"}
""
194
**
37
90% passed. 88% 87%
""
Total for the College, ......1,010
893
17
""
""
A
88%
""
CLASS.
Percentage of Passes.
30
The following Table shows the percentage of passes in each subject
Chin.-Eng.
Eng.-Chin.
Reading.
Conversation.
Dictation.
Arithmetic.
Grammar,
Geography.
Composition.
History.
Mensuration.
Book-keeping.
Shakespeare.
General Intelli-
gence.
Hygiene.
Names.
I,
A,
17..... 100|100|100 100
65
B,
28.
II, A, B,
54 90 75 96 50...... 98 100 100 100 25.... 76 60 80100
54
32
88
82 88 94 94 100 100
59 59 39
35 100 100 94
68 64
46 93
93
29 32
14 54 61
75
62
98
84 58
80100 94
82 54
76
54
92
52 68
88 52
32 84 88 80 44
48
36
III, A, 53
96
97 100 100
42
98
74
72
64|100 98 91 55
B, 49
96
96
90100
35
90
71
41
53 98
88
96 59
C, 25.
100
91 96 100
40 100
60
64
32 92 96
80
44
IV, A,
53.
98
79 100 100
74 89
60
76
92100
B.
52.
94
85 88
98
58
92
65
60
96 96
C.
32.
91
73 100 97
47
91 50
81100
D, 33.
72
66
88|100
51 78
24
42
72 96
V,
A, 61.
87 95
69 100
59 76
78
79
84 92
B,
58..
88
57 80 98
50 98
88
84
45
C.
34..
85
53
56
97
65 100
88
88 4
36..
75
56 62
92
61 80
92
44
VI,
33..
96
100 69 93
69
93
B, 57.
97
100
61 100
70
89
C', 30.
93
97 57 97
70
93
D, 60.
78
99 43 77 68
60
VII, A, 60.
98
100 60 98 95
85
88
B, 35.
83
97 32 75 83
91
C.
56....
86
91
D,
35.... 63
91
VIII,
38..
91
92 63
1598
57
-93 93 80 63
46
85
69 86 69 40
:
Writing 908
FEJARAH Egggg Map. ⠀⠀
48
91
53
76
94
79
96
56
37
90
51
70
36
56
42
97
87
100
6. It gives me pleasure to find myself able to report a considerable improvment in the following important English subjects-Composition, Geography, History, Dictation, Reading, Conversation and Translations from and into Chinese. The Composition exercises, especially in all sections of Class IV are the best I ever remember correcting. Map-drawing seems to have been neglected in all sections of Classes II and III, but Geography throughout the College was excellently taught, and the few searching questions outside the text-books were well answered. Mathematics with the exception of Algebra continue poor. As there are several new subjects requiring more detailed report, I cannot deal further with the usual subjects of instruction, beyond referring to a very interesting report made by the Second Master, Mr A. J. MAY, after correcting the Translation papers from English into Chinese. He considers the unseen piece well attempted in all five classes, but awards the palm of excellence to Class II, with Class I next. The latter class was puzzled with the expression "nations are all arming to the teeth", and misled by the occurrence of the word "teeth employed as an equivalent a classical phrase "the lips having been lost the teeth grow cold ", i.e., it will be our turn next.
7. In congratulating the Masters on a successful issue, I should be failing in my duty, if I did not draw attention to the excellent manner in which the Masters of III C, IV C, V C, and VIC have worked up backward boys so that their results compare favourably with those of the A sections of the same classes. Of 72 boys in Class II B & C last March only 25-and these naturally not the best-remained to be examined in II B. The Master of this section has wrought wonders with very indifferent material. What he can do with apt pupils is exemplified in II A where he took Mensuration and both Translations.
8. Of the five Pupil Teachers examined twelve months ago, two are now Ex Pupil Teachers and the other three have left. The Normal Master, Mr. B. TANNER, in spite of raw material in his staff, has maintained the excellent reputation of the Preparatory School. Geography was examined as a separate subject in Class VII with great success.
9. Though there is as yet no perceptible improvement in the attainments of Chinese boys in their own language on admission to this College, the larger proportion of boys examined in the top standard-Class V-109 instead of 57, is evidence of good steady work done by the five Masters. Only one boy in English Class IV is debarred from promotion to the Upper School through failing to pass in Vernacular Class II, a disqualification required by the Governing Body.
31
10. By Circular in 1904 the Secretary of State urged on the Crown Colonies the importance of teaching Hygiene. The Governor of Hongkong at once made Hygiene a compulsory part of the School curriculum, and to stimulate the necessary interest until the novelty of the subject should have worn off, His Excellency provided several prizes, which for value compare rather with scholarships. I am pleased to report that HUNG IU-CHI, a genuine Queen's College product, was bracketed third in the Schools' competition in the Advanced Course, while by the success of our team of ten boys in the Elementary Course, the name of Queen's College will head the list inscribed on the Shield. ROBERT EASTLACK of III A and IP U-PIK of IV B were selected by the Examiners for prizes as having obtained the highest marks in their respective classes. In the Spring of the year there were in Queen's College over 700 boys receiving instruction in Hygiene, but this number dwindled through boys leaving school, until there remained for the Annual Examination 606, of whom 386 or 64 percent. passed. The result is better exhibited in tabular form:---
82° passed I.A. 94%
Class I. 45 boys examined, 37
or.
II. 75
59
25
""
""
79%
IIA. 92%
"}
III. 127
93
99
73%
??
IV. 170
100
58%
III.A. 91% IV.A. 79°
19
"
V. 109
97
>>
""
54%
V.A. 70%
""
It is thus evident that all the English Masters, who alone teach this subject, have entered with spirit into the teaching of Hygiene, and I may add that in the College eximination the boys themselves exhibited in their answers an amount of interest that quite surprised me. Since a first year's work can produce such satisfactory results, we are justified in supposing that in another three years after a progressive course of education in this subject in the Third and Second Classes, the boys in the First Class may really acquire Advanced knowledge in Hygiene.
11. A special class of 27 boys was taught in Trigonometry by myself two afternoons a week. We stopped short of Solution of Triangles, having only been able to reach Relations between Sides and Angles of Triangles. The boys seemed to find the subject interesting, but the dozen that remained for the Annual Examination disappointed me, as their work was inferior to that shown at Mid. Term examinations. CHEUNG TIM of I B headed the Seniors with 75, and FunG KWONG-YAP of II A the Juniors with 52 marks.
12. Mr. DEALY took a special class of about 50 boys on two afternoons a week in Draw- ing. The results in Freehand were excellent, but Geometrical Drawing chiefly owing to absence of Text-books, was poor, KWAN IU-KI of III A distinguished himself with 118 out of 200 marks, the highest total. We hope next term to proceed to Model Drawing.
13. It will be remembered that six years ago, the Hon. Mr. J. H. STEWART LOCKHART when he distributed the prizes here said that Queen's College ought to have a Gymnasium. In 1901 affairs had reached so advanced a stage that a plan for the building had been made, but it was discovered that the Government could not at present afford the expense, and it was proposed temporarily to utilise the basement of the College for gymnastics. At length votes were included in the 1905 Estimates, $400 for gymnastic appliances and $270 for an instructor. Through the kind services of the Military Authorities an excellent instructor. has been provided in Sergeant D. TAYLOR, R. G. A.. and 80 boys have been under instruc- tion since last April: but what are they among so many ?
14. Last February, I submitted a scheme for forming a Collegiate class above and beyond the curriculum of Class I in Queen's College. No response worth mentioning has been made indicative of a desire on the part of the Chinese to avail themselves of the opportunity. It is now to be hoped that Evening Extension Classes may meet the want it this direction, that ought not to be purely imaginary.
15. Reviewing the immense number of papers, 7,430, that have passed under my own personal inspection in the recent examination. I have arrived at the conclusion that we examiners are liable to overlook a certain element which produces most extraordinary errors, that might at a superficial glance be attributed to gross ignorance or crass stupidity. It is not surprising that after laboriously thinking and expressing himself in a foreign language during several hours of a protracted examination, the Chinese boy should find himself so weary, as not to have his mental faculties under complete control. It is to this brain-fag that we must assign the occurrence in otherwise highly commendable papers of such freaks as (C serpon for person: "gentleman" for Germany and perhaps the astonishing statement
256-1=251.
32
16. The usual Tables of Statistics are annexed. Lists of Donors of Prizes and Winners of Scholarships will appear in the College organ, the "Yellow Dragon".
16th January, 1906.
GEO. H. BATESON WRIGHT, D.D., (Oxon.),
Head Master.
ATTENDANCES IN 1905.
Number
Number
Month.
of Scholars.
of Attendances.
Number of School Days. Attendance.
Average Daily
Remarks.
January,
1,016
17,848
19
939
February,
1,130
4,407
4
1,102
March,
1,139
28,986
27
1.674
April,
1,143
12,706
12
1,059
May,
1.123
26,095
25
1,044
June,
1,069
24,087
24
1,004
July,
1,032
20,613
21
982
August,
986
5,731
6
955
September,
1,094
17.703
17
1,041
October,
1,075 24,395
24
1,016
November,
1,047
24,875
25
995
December,
1,036
20,870
21
994
228,316
225
Total Number of Attendances during 1905,.
Number of School Days during 1905,
Average Daily Attendance during 1905,.
228.316
225
1,015
1,416
Total Number of Scholars at this School during 1905,
AVERAGE EXPENSE OF EACH SCHOLAR AT QUEEN'S COLLEGE, DURING 1905.
Expenditure:-
Cash Book,
.$43,242.07
Do.,
Exchange Compensation,
15,324.45
Crown Agents,....
1,969.32
Total,..
.$60,535.84
Deduct:-
School Fees,
$31,387
Sale of Books,
Refund,
19
12
Average of each Scholar:--
Per Number on Roll,
Per Average Daily Attendance,.
....
$31,418.00
$29,117.84
$20.56
28.69
HONGKONG.
REPORT BY THE EXAMINERS CF QUEEN'S COLLEGE.
No. 1906
27
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of
His Excellency the Governor.
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT, HONGKONG, 20th August, 1906.
We visited and inspected the College in July and the first few days of August.
DISCIPLINE AND ORGANIZATION.
Discipline is very good. The only important criticism we have to make, is that the boys in many of the Divisions are somewhat slothful. This is especially true of their attitude when questioned orally; and some of the higher Divisions are the worst offenders. In one Division boys previously mute found their tongues when they discovered that they would be kept standing till they did so. The great numbers at the College, with the lack of sufficient accommodation, have led to economies of space which are very prejudicial to good teaching. The congregation of several Divisions in the Big Hall was commented on in last year's Report. In the other rooms the boys are arranged in solid squares, a formation calculated to save all but the outside rank and file from sudden or casual inspection.
2. The following mistakes were noticed in the teaching of some of the Chinese Masters. When they take boys out in front of their Divisions, they are not always careful to see that all of them are in sight; they do not make enough use of the blackboard; they give geography lessons without using a map.
SANITATION.
3. There is no provision for the proper ventilation of the Class rooms, when the weather is too cold to admit of the opening of
windows. Only
Only one room has a fire place.
many
4. Single or dual desks adaptable to the stature of the pupils are used in all well equipped schools.
5. Many of the rooms are badly lighted, both as to the quantity of the light and its direction.
6. Many of the rooms are over-crowded.
APPARATUS.
7. After the unsatisfactory nature of the desks, the most obvious deficiency is the lack of wall maps and pictures. Maps are kept in a separate room, and have to be sent for when required. This may prove a saving of wear and tear; but it is a false economy from an educational point of view.
ENGLISH.
8. Colloquial.-In the Preparatory School, Class VII and VI E, the teaching of Colloquial English continues to be very satisfactory. The Normal Class is doing good work, and the Pupil Teachers are entering into the spirit of teaching the subject by scientific methods. Unfortunately it does not seem possible to retain their services as Pupil Teachers for the full term of three years. Could this be managed, it would have, we feel sure, a great and beneficial effect on their careers as teachers. They have still much to learn, not only as regards method, but also of the English language; and their pronunciation is far from perfect.
588
9. The great majority of the boys who enter the College have previously studied in private schools, whether in Hongkong or Canton, where old-fashioned methods of in- struction are practised, and an incorrect pronunciation acquired. It is doubtful whether the knowledge that such pupils bring with them is any compensation for the mistakes they have to unlearn. However this may be, it is clear that they now acquire quickly an ability to speak English, while the use of Chinese as a medium of explanation seems to have been almost entirely discarded, except as a very last resort.
10. Where all did well, the Pupil Teacher of VI E deserves notice for the clever way in which he illustrates his meaning by sketches on the blackboard.
11. The main fault we noticed, though it was less conspicuous in the Preparatory School than in the higher Classes, was that the boys do not answer loudly enough. The speaker addresses the master, who strains his ear to catch the reply above the little noises of the Class and the buzzing of the fans, and then repeats it for the benefit of the Class; who ought on the contrary to have been themselves with ears attentive for the answer, and quick to notice where it was wrong. Thus, all would be kept alert, and the teachers be spared unnecessary fatigue.
12. Except IV A, and as regards the teaching of Hygiene, Classes VI, V and, IV are under Chinese Masters. In VI D some little slackness was noticeable. There does not seem to be any method ruling the teaching of Colloquial by means of wall pictures. The only two we were shewn were one of a farmyard which, like that other one of a railway station adversely criticised last year, was full of detail that was much too small to be distinguishable from the back seats, and the other was a picture of a squirrel. Why a squirrel? To teach successfully from wall pictures, a graduated series should be used. At the same time it must be admitted that the illustrations in the Readers seem to fulfil all practical needs. VI C was much stronger; the Master, whose work as a Pupil Teacher was favourably mentioned in the Report for last year, makes his boys speak up, and gives them a good vocabulary. Division A and the top boys of B did well; but there are many boys at the bottom of the latter, who seem to regard the examination as something beyond their range, and unless addressed personally, dissociate themselves from it altogether. This inability to cultivate the attention of an entire Division is a weak point in the teaching of many of the Chinese Masters. In this Class we heard a few, but only a few, orders given in Chinese.
13. The four Divisions of Class V are all making fair progress. D was noticeable for the smart way in which orders were given in English. In B, the articulation of the boys is very distinct.
14. In Class IV, C was rather weak: A and B did very well.
pressure.
15. In the Upper School, the boys with few exceptions were well able to answer when asked ordinary questions, though some of them would only do so under a good deal of It however remains to make them talk correct English. Their grammar is on the whole very weak: in fact, though they would probably be surprised and disgusted to hear it said, they use a sort of "pidgin" English, which has marked features of its own. Of these, the commonest are the discarding of inflections and the omission of auxiliary verbs. Thus. "I asked him where he was coming from, and he said he had been for a walk' would be put
in some such way as this: "I asked him, Where you coming from? He say, I been for a walk".
2
16. Reading was good and fairly fluent in the four Divisions of Class VII. The boys shewed themselves quite ready to answer questions on the lesson. Those in A were very alert and attentive.
17. In Class VI, reading was also very fair; meanings of words and phrases were fairly well given. In B, which appeared to be the weakest in this subject, the boys shewed less inclination to exert themselves, and were somewhat listless and inattentive.
18. A few boys in Class V read very well indeed, and the average was fair. Questions on the meanings of words elicited ready answers, but the boys were disinclined to speak out. V A read rather better than the other Divisions. The Master of V C is not a good English scholar; his grammar is faulty.
19. Of Class IV, Division C appeared to possess a somewhat limited vocabulary; and the answering was confined to a few boys. On the other hand, the teacher gave without preparation a reading lesson that was quite good.
589
20. The reading in III A and B was good and fluent, and the boys exhibited no disin- clination to reply, when questioned. III C did not do so well, the answering being slow and
uncertain.
21. In both Divisions of Class II the reading was not so good as in the lower Classes.
22. Reading was very fair in Class I, and the boys were well acquainted with the meaning of words, prefixes and affixes, and readily answered questions put to them. But in B, the boys were less inclined to exert themselves.
23. Composition. A somewhat severe test was given to Class VI, Divisions A to D, as we wished to see exactly what the ex-Pupil Teachers of last year have made of their pupils when left to their own devices. A short story was read out twice, and was then written out from memory. This exercise has not been given below Class V hitherto. As in Colloquial,
• Division D was here also much the weakest, and C again was far the best. No paper in the latter was marked lower than 40 per cent., and two-thirds were considered to be over 65 per cent. The time during which the writers of these papers have been studying English has been one year at the College, and 1 years at outside schools, which figures correspond closely with the theoretic demand of their position in the College.
24. Class V were required to write a short letter on a simple subject. They had evidently been practised in doing so. Division D did fairly, C and B were good, and A earned the highly satisfactory mark of very good.
25. Class IV A was marked as good, and the other Divisions as fair. Much of the work was untidy; margins should always be used. In some cases the handwriting was poor. Full stops were frequently used for commas in B.
26. Class III, the lowest in the Upper School, was marked more severely than has hitherto been done. This at any rate partly accounts for the fact that the average mark given to the three Divisions is only 54 per cent. as compared with 68 per cent. last year. It is however not too much to expect that the grosser forms of grammatical mistakes should not be held venial in boys of the Upper School, who have been devoting hours daily to English for 5 or 6 years. Division A was much the strongest of the three.
27. Class II A did considerably better than last year, and their work must on the whole be considered fair, although there is a lamentable falling off at the bottom of the Division. Division B did very badly. More than half the pupils obtained no marks.
On analysing the paper, taken at random, of one of these failures, we find that in 150 words 3 common ones are mis-spelled; there are 4 sentences which are quite unintelligible, and 4 gross grammatical blunders.
28. Class I A did fairly: a much higher mark would certainly have been earned, but for the unavoidable absence of many of the senior boys. On the whole the work shewn up is correct and idiomatic, and shews that the writers have a good vocabulary and a consider- able acquaintance with the language. The best papers of I B were also good; but here again more than half the Division failed to obtain
any marks.
29. Outsiders can not be expected to appreciate the distinction between one Division and another. What then will they think, if having engaged a young man who has been a year in the top Class of the senior school of the Colony, they find that he makes in half a page
of English such mistakes as these:-"To govered.........is charge with some guilty ....and no allowed.........there is no so many thief.........every people wants to stay in this colony and don't mind their own country......"?
30. It was observed that the blackboard was used by few of the Chinese masters during the reading lessons. A judicious scheme of word-building, especially in the Lower School, would considerably improve the spelling; and ten minutes during each lesson could with advantage be devoted to this subject.
31. Grammar.-Definitions of the different parts of speech were fairly well known, and the boys readily picked them out in sentences given them by the examiner, in Class VII.
32. In Class VI the answering was very fair and general; but some of the definitions learned were too long, and were not understood by the boys.
590
33. Questions were fairly well answered by the majority of Class V. Here as in Class VI the definitions were too long, and the boys were inclined to repeat what they had learned in a very mechanical way.
34. Written papers were set to the Classes IV, III, II and I, and a good knowledge of the subject was shewn by nearly every boy examined. Analysis and parsing were good throughout. The best results were obtained in III A, where the average number of marks was over 80 per cent. III C and IV C, the weakest Divisions, were fair. It is interesting to compare these results in the theoretical study of the language with the weakness shewn, when a practical knowledge of grammar is required in conversation or composition.
SHAKESPEARE.
35. Papers on Henry V were set to a few boys in Class I A. On the whole the answers were good: the papers written by several boys were excellent, and long quotations were given correctly. In oral answers I B were somewhat feeble and uncertain.
GEOGRAPHY.
36. The plan of Hongkong was well known by Class VII, the boys having no difficulty in pointing out the principal streets and buildings.
37. Most of the definitions of land and water have been correctly learned by Class VI, but they should be taught by reference to a map.
38. In Class V the outlines of Europe and Asia were fairly well known, though some of the boys were not very ready in pointing out places on the map.
39. Written papers were set to Classes IV, III, II, and I. The results on the whole were disappointing.
40. Class IV A and B have a fair knowledge of the geography of China; in IV C the results were poor, several boys failing to secure quarter marks.
41. Class III A displayed a fair knowledge of the geography of Europe; in B and C the answers were moderate.
42. In Class II both Divisions did moderately.
43. Class IA shewed a fair knowledge of the geography of Europe, and B were poor. 44. Map drawing in the Upper School was very faulty. Very few boys shew any ability to draw the correct outline of a country. Sketch maps of rivers were attempted by very few.
HISTORY.
45. This subject appears to present great difficulty to the majority of the boys, and many of them spent their time in attempting only half the questions set. Several pages of foolscap were devoted to answering questions which required a few lines only, and much matter was introduced which had no bearing on the questions.
46. In Class I A some good work was done, some of the papers being very good. In B, the result was bad. A sketch map illustrating Wellington's Peninsular Campaign was asked for, but was not attempted by a single boy.
47. Class II did moderately.
48. Class III A did fairly well. In Divisions B and C the results were moderate. 49. The History papers were full of mistakes in spelling, composition and grammar.
HYGIENE.
50. Classes I to V were examined in this subject. In the Lower School very easy papers were set.
Out of 32 papers written by Class V, 11 obtained 60 per cent. or more of marks, and 7 of these received 80 per cent. or over.
51. In Class IV the paper was less directly answerable from the text book, and the marks earned naturally shew a falling off. The best papers were given 52 per cent., while 9 out of 22 submitted obtained 40 per cent. or more.
[
591
!
!
52. In the Upper School the results were disappointing. In Classes I, II and III, three papers only obtained 60 per cent. and eleven more obtained 50 to 60 per cent. out of 57 shewn up. A greater understanding of the subject and less reliance on learning by rote might have been hoped for. A proper understanding of even elementary hygiene must however depend on a groundwork of elementary natural science; this is evidently where the teaching fails.
53. It is one thing to teach boys the simplest of sanitary aphorisms, and another to teach hygiene. Any attempt to raise the standard of knowledge in the Upper School will be very much hampered by the fact that the necessary grounding in biology and elementary physics and chemistry has not been first laid. In these circumstances the masters will get little into the heads of their pupils, more than the same aphorisms as are considered sufficient for the Lower School, though they may be expressed in better English when reproduced in examination papers.
It is worthy of consideration whether some simple text books could not be read with the Government Manual in Class III, who have been confining themselves. to that, although in Classes IV and V they have already studied it for 2 years.
54. The need of illustrating the lessons by simple experiments seems to have been overlooked.
BOOK KEEPING.
55. This subject is taught in Classes I and II only. The paper set to Class II was very easy. Twenty boys were examined, four of whom obtained half marks or over.
56. The journalising was done well; but hazy ideas prevailed as to the real nature of
a bank note.
57. In Class I the results were poorer, the paper being more difficult. Only one boy obtained over 50%.
58. The first three questions were poorly done. The usual answer to question I practically was to say that double entry was double entry, its full meaning being not understood. Question II was badly done. The last question was well done; but it was remarkable how many boys decided to enter a subscription to a hospital under a Trade Expenses account.
MATHEMATICS.
59. Arithmetic.—The paper set for Class VII seemed too easy. It was at any rate very well done. Curiously, the four Divisions did well in inverse order to their rank.
60. In Class VI the paper was also fairly well done. Ten papers scored 60 % or more, one obtaining 100%. Question IV was badly done or not attempted in 15 papers out of 38 examined. Only one boy shewed that he really understood the nature of square and cubic measure apart from knowledge of mere rules.
61. In Class VA, not a single boy answered Question I; but the rest of the paper, involving the application of simple rules, was on the whole well done. Out of 32 boys, five obtained 80° and eight 60%. In Divisions C and D there was a falling off, 10 out of 12 boys getting 40% or under.
62. In Class IV, 26 papers were examined, 10 in A and B, and 6 in C: in none of them was Question I done rightly. There was a considerable difference in the quality of the work in different Divisions. In A, one paper was very good, and three fair; viz., one at 87 and three at 50%. In B one paper obtained 57%. In C the highest marks were 37 °/ Vulgar fractions were well understood, but errors of working were frequent. Except in IV A, decimals were but poorly understood.
63. One would think it desirable to teach boys to work in decimals before initiating them into the mysteries of vulgar fractions, especially Chinese boys who are accustomed from their earliest days to the abacus, and in a country where a decimal coinage obtains.
64. In Class III the paper was well done. Ten papers were examined in A and B and six in C. Fifteen papers obtained 75% or more, and only six less than 50%.
592
65. In Class II ten papers were done by each Division. In A five papers scored 70% or more, and in B three scored 70% or more, the rest being marked at 50 % or less. One paper in both A and B scored no marks. Question IV was either not done or hopelessly wrong in 14 papers out of 20 examined. In some other cases the sum was worked in £. s. d. instead of dollars. Some allowance was made for this slip, where the method was correct.
66. In Class I also 20 papers were examined, ten from A and ten from B. In Division A five anwers to Question I were quite wrong, and six boys failed altogether to understand Question III. In B also five answers to Question I were quite wrong, while seven boys either did not attempt Question III or did it wrongly. The marks obtained were 60% and over in eight papers.
One paper obtained 50 and the rest were 40 and less per cent.
67. On the whole the Upper School work in this subject was fairly well done. Out of sixty-six papers thirty-four obtained 60 % and over.
68. Algebra.--This subject has been introduced into the Lower School curriculum during the past twelve months. It is now taught in Class IV. The paper set was a very elementary one, and in IV A the result shewed that the subject was understood. The per- formance was on the whole very fair, sixty per cent. of the papers obtaining over 60% of the marks. Question I was not understood: no good attempt was made to explain the expres- sions. The remaining questions which involved only work by rule were fairly done. With two exceptions, the boys in IV B and C had no idea of the subject.
69. Twenty-six boys were examined in Class III, ten each from A and B and six from C. On the whole the result was good: sixteen papers were marked at 60 % or more, six being at 80%. But here again it was noticeable that the application of a rule was known before its reason was understood, the explanation being that the introductions to chapters in the text book are not learned: the rule is taught, but not the principle on which it is based. Not a single boy answered question IV.
70. In Class II, ten boys from each Division were examined. Division A produced most of the good papers-seven obtaining 80% and one 60%-while B produced one at 80, one at 60, one at 35 and 2 at 50%. All the rest in both Divisions obtained 40% or less. One paper in A and one in B did not obtain any marks. Thirteen boys out of the twenty failed in Question III, which required some little thought. On the whole, however, the results were good.
71. The results in Class I were disappointing. Not a single boy could answer the first question, although it would appear that to be able to deduce the formula is as important as to be able to apply the rule. Question III was too much for three boys in each Division. One boy worked the problem correctly, but in £. s. d. instead of dollars. Some allowance was made for this. It evidently did not occur to any of those who were wrong to check their results by reversing the sum-an easy thing to have done.
72. On considering the subject as a whole, it appears that many of the boys have a very fair knowledge of how to work, but comparatively few seem to know why they work by any special rule or formula. When it is remembered how large many of the Divisions are, and what a difference there is between the top and bottom boys, it seems reasonable to suppose that the individual attention necessary for explanations can not be given.
73. Geometrical Drawing.-A paper in this subject was set to twenty-six boys in Class IV. It was very simple, and was on the whole fairly well done. Five papers obtained 75 and eight 50 %. The subject as illustrated by the paper does not appear to prove very interesting. Probably the reproduction on paper of the geometrical patterns of which the Chinese are so fond would have excited more interest. Not sufficient care was taken to make measurements accurately, although there was evidently a fair understanding of the subject. Though not as yet introduced to the proposition that any two sides of a triangle are together greater than the third side, a few boys certainly discovered it practically for themselves. This subject appears to be valuable, as preparing the way for the further study of geometry.
74. Geometry.-Twenty-five boys were examined in Class III-ten from A and B, and five from C. In Division A one paper obtained 90 %, three 50% and the rest varied from 23 to 40%. In B there was a complete collapse. Six papers scored nothing, one 8 and three 10%. In C one obtained 55 and one 38 %, while the remaining three were marked at 18, 15 and 0 % respectively. Only one boy out of the whole Class did Question II correctly. Several others appeared to be trying to express some idea of it; but their English was so poor that they could get no credit.
.
593
75. The paper set to Class II was fairly well done, especially in A, where of ten boys examined one obtained 85, three 80, two 75 and two 56%. The remaining two were marked at 45 and 35 respectively. In B the results were disappointing, and shewed a great difference between the work of the two Divisions. One paper obtained 50, two 40, six 20 and one 0%.
76. In Class I, B had a somewhat easier paper than A, though 3 questions were com- mon to both. The results in B were better than in A, where they were not so good as was to be expected.
77. In A five boys were examined, the highest marks-one paper-being 40 %. In B seven boys were examined. One paper obtained 60% and one 50%, the rest from 45 to 35%. In no case was any geometrical reasoning employed in the answering of Question II; but the problem was correctly solved by the application of a rule learned in the Mensuration Class. Marks were taken off for this.
78. Mensuration. The paper set in Class II was very elementary, but the results were not good. Two good papers were sent in, and four moderate ones: the rest were poor. There was a considerable difference between Divisions A and B. The two good papers were from A. Five papers in B were worth no marks. No satisfactory explanation of similar figures was given, very possibly because not having learned a definition, the boys were un- able to furnish one from their own reasoning. There is however evidence of some real understanding of the subject.
79. In Class I, five papers from A and thirteen from B were submitted. The best paper was from A, and obtained 55 %. Two papers from B obtained 45, and one 40 % All the rest were very poor. In answering Question II the only attempts made were to prove that the volume of a sphere equals that of its circumscribing cylinder. This was not what was required, but as the answers shewed some familiarity with the subject, half marks were allowed for a correct answer on these lines. Question III was attempted, though wrongly, by one boy in each Division.
80. Trigonometry.-In this subject there are a Senior and a Junior Class. In the latter, ten boys were examined. The paper was quite easy and was well done. Question IV was however too much for all the boys. There is evidently a fair understanding of the very elementary part of the subject, and it appears to be interesting.
81. In the Senior Class only four papers were examined. This probably was not a fair test of the Class as a whole. Only one paper was worth anything, and this obtained 80% of the marks, being correct in every question but the last, which was not attempted.
CHINESE.
82. The Lower and Preparatory Schools have lessons in the Chinese Written Language for about 2 hours a day; while the entrance examination is based on the assumption of about 3 years' previous study; so that a considerable proficiency may be expected from the pupils, who have again to pass a qualifying examination before they can be admitted to the Upper School. This latter examination is yearly being made harder according to a fixed plan; so that by the beginning of 1908 it will be impossible for a Chinese boy to obtain admission to the Upper School, until he shall have qualified in the subjects of the top (Fifth) Vernacular Class.
83. The Boys are independently classified for Vernacular School; the system of pari passu promotions does not appear to be strictly followed.
84. The Vernacular School was tested in reading, both from their Reader and also from unseen passages; in dictation (unseen); and in the translation into literary Chinese of pas- sages written in Colloquial. The Readers were in the main well known. The translation was done fairly or well by all Classes above the lowest, whose weakness in this respect is probably attributable to the unintelligent method in which Chinese are taught their language. It seems a pity that the entrance examination can not be used to encourage the adoption of the modern and intelligent system of instruction followed in the College. Handwriting was good. The unseen dictation was not so satisfactory. Class IV did very well; but Class V, the highest, had an average of 10 mistakes, or about one in every 12 words. As most of them are the substitution of another character for the one dictated, a character of the same sound but bearing a different meaning, it will be understood that this is evidence of a
*
594
It is
considerable ignorance of the meaning of a plain passage when heard and not seen. probable that unseen dictation should be more practised. Many of the worst compositions were full of colloquial characters. The best papers shewed considerable literary ability. Perhaps the most obvious fault in the better work was the use of Pekingese colloquial charac- ters, e. g., and for the true literary ones. It should be borne in mind that the feuil- letons in the Chinese newspapers are not the best models for composition.
85. In the Upper School the boys were tested by translation from and into English.
86. In Class III a few very simple sentences were given for translation into English. and were well done; they shewed that the boys had learned that a literal translation is not necessarily the same as a word for word translation. The piece set for translation into Chinese was the simplest form of petition. Not a single boy cast his translation into the recognized form, and in consequence the results read very grotesquely, and regarded as petitions must be considered failures. The writers moreover refer to themselves sometimes in the first and sometimes in the third person, which is confusing. In over 60% of the papers the title of the Registrar General is either omitted or given incorrectly. "The Sage" is one form; "The General" another.
87. The translation into English in Class II A was very fair, and moderate in II B. The same piece was set to Class I, where the work of A was not good, though it is. probable that the boy's selected hardly represented the Division. Several did not understand the Chinese, though it contained no difficulties. I B did much better, about 60 per cent. getting the meaning approximately right. The date floored nearly every one, and the expression
also proved a stumbling block.
88. The translation into Chinese of Class II was very uneven.
Some of it was very good, though even here the stereotyped form of a petition was not known. The second piece set is a literal translation of a well known passage in Mencius. It was set in order to find out if possible how far the boys are familiar with their own Classics. The experiment was a failure, as no boy used the words of the text for his translation, although some of them have certainly such a knowledge of Chinese as would make their ignorance of the context inconceivable. About 40% of the papers in Classes I and II were very good. Where they failed, the difficulty usually lay in understanding the English; the quotation from Tennyson proved beyond many boys. One in IB, the best, sent in some very neat verses: but he took "swimming vapour" to mean a rivulet. Another took “loiters as a noun, and translated it by the equivalent of sawyers.
"'
89. It may be said with some confidence that the work done in the Vernacular School is having its effect in the Upper School.
APPENDICES.
90. The Examination Papers and the Classes and Divisions with the names of the Masters are appended.
EDWARD A. IRVING,
Inspector of Schools.
WILFRID WM. PEARSE.
A. H. GOTT.
L
:
:
I
595
Appendix A.
EXAMINATION PAPERS.
Subject.
Class.
No. of paper.
English Composition,.
I & II.
1
Do.,
III..
2
Do.,
IV.
Do.,
V.
Do.,
VI.
English Graminar,
I.
Do.,
II.
Do.,
III.
Shakespeare,
I.
9
Geography,
I.
10
Do..
II.
11
Do.,
III.
12
Do.,
IV.
13
English History,
I A.
14
Do.,
I B.
15
Do.,
II.
16
Do.,
III.
17
Hygiene,
I.
18
Do.,
II.
19
Do.,
III.
20
Do.,
IV.
21
Do.,
V.
22
Book-keeping,
I.
23
Do.,
II
24
Arithmetic,
I.
25
Do.,
II.
26
Do.,
III.
27
Do.,
IV.
28
Do.,
V.
29
Do.,
VI.
30
Do.,
VII.
31
Algebra,
IA & B.
32
Do.,
II.
33.
Do.,
III.
34
Do.,
IV.
35
Geometrical Drawing,
IV.
36
Geometry,
IA & B.
37
Do..
II.
38
Do.,
III.
39
Mensuration,
Do.,
I.
40
II.
41
Trigonometry,
Do.,
Senior.
42
Junior.
43
English into Chinese,...
I, II & III.
44
Chinese into English,.
I, II & III.
45
Colloquial into Literary Chinese,
V.
46
Do.,
IV.
47
Do.,
III.
48
Do.,
II.
49
Do.,
I.
50
No. 1.
596
COMPOSITION.
CLASSES I & II.
Is the spending of money upon luxuries good for trade?
Or
Give an account of the way in which a British Crown Colony is governed, illustrating your meaning by reference to the Government of Hongkong.
or
What is the nature of the dispute that has arisen between the Viceroy of the Two Kwongs and the shareholders of the Canton-Hankow Railway.
No. 2.
COMPOSITION.
¡
CLASS III.
Compare the Anglo-Chinese Government Schools of the Colony with those at Canton.
07
Describe how a Chinese shop-keeper manages his business.
No. 3.
COMPOSITION.
CLASS IV.
Electric fans. Write all you know about them, both their good and bad points.
No. 4.
COMPOSITION.
CLASS V.
Write a letter to your father thanking him for the dollar he sent Tell him you bought a purse with it; but now you have no money to put in it, and therefore you would like him to send another dollar.
you.
•
No. 5.
REPRODUCTION OF A STORY.
CLASS VI.
There was a house where there were a great many mice. So the master of the house bought a cat and she was so clever that she caught and killed a great many of them. At last the mice met together to see what had better be done. After a great deal of talking a young mouse said "I have thought of a very good plan. Let us tie a bell round pussy's neck, and then we shall always be told of her approach by its ringing." There was loud applause : but when the little mice had done squeaking for joy, a very wise old mouse stood up on his hind legs and said: "That is all very well. But which of you is going to tie the bell on the cat's neck?" They had not thought of that.
:
:
No. 6.
597
ENGLISH GRAMMAR.
CLASS I.
1. Write the plural of :-goose, lady, brother; the singular of :—women pence, nooses; and the superlative of :-great, heavy, beautiful.
2. How many ways are there of distinguishing Gender? -examples of each way.
Give three
3. Give a list of "Defective Verbs". Why are they so called?
4. Define a sentence, and distinguish between Compound and Complex Sentence.
5. Form sentences in which the Subject is enlarged :——
(a.) By an Adjective.
(b.) By a Noun in Apposition.
(c.) By a Pronoun in the Possessive Case.
(d.) By a Prepositional Phrase.
6. Write in three columns the Present Indicative, the Preterite Indi- cative and the Past Participle of :—
throw, smite, sing, find, shine, dream, sell, lead.
7. What is an Adverbial Clause? Write sentences containing :
(a.) An Adverbial Clause of Time.
(b.) An Adverbial Clause of Place.
(c.) An Adverbial Clanse of Mauner.
8. Analyse:-
Like phantoms to the iron porch they glide,
Where lay the porter in uneasy sprawl,
With a huge empty flagon by his side.
9. Parse the words in italics in the last passage.
10. What is an Abstract Noun? Give abstract nouns formed from :- iunocent, long, able, wise; and give the Adjectives from which :-width, infirmity, nobility and youth, are formed.
No. 7.
ENGLISH GRAMMAR.
CLASS II.
1. What is Case? How many Cases are there? "John struck the ball with Henry's bat." Give the cases of the nouns in this sentence, and state your reasons.
2. Give the plural of :---hoof, way, coach; the singular of:- mice, oxen, flies; and the possessive singular of :-- Charles, slates, men.
3. What is meant by Conjugation? Conjugate "do" in the present indicative, and "love" in the preterite indicative.
4. Define Transitive Verb and Intransitive Verb. Give an example of each in a sentence.
5. When is a verb said to be in the Passive Voice? Change the following sentences from the Active into the Passive Voice.
(a.) John struck Henry.
(6.) Cats kill mice.
(c.) The boy wastes time.
(d.) The hound chased the hare.
6. What is a Simple Sentence? Which parts are necessary to every sentence and why?
7 Analyse :--
The sable mantle of the silent night
Shut from the world the ever-joyous light.
8. Parse the words in italics in the above passage.
No. 8.
598
ENGLISH GRAMMAR.
CLASS III.
1. What is inflexion ? Name the parts of speech which are inflected. 2. What is a Collective Nouu? Write three sentences with a Collective Noun in each.
3. Give the general rule for forming the plural of nouns. Write the singular of mice, trees, heroes, oxen, beeches, patches.
tence.
4. What is an adjective of quality? Write six numeral adjectives.
5. "The boys play in this small yard." Parse the words in this sen-
6. When is a verb of the Strong Conjugation and when of the Weak Conjugation? Write in three columns the Indicative Present and Preterite and Past Participle of :-- ride, wear, swim, sit, feed, bring.
7. Put a Subject of the proper number before each of the following verbs-arrive, dances, sings, work, flies, swims.
8. When is an adjective Superlative Degree? Write the degrees of comparison of-fine, pretty, little, short, lengthy and obedient.
No. 9.
SHAKESPEARE.
HENRY V.
1. Say what you can of the date and the sources of the play.
2. What are the meanings of the following words used in the play :
gentles, lazars, advised, quitiance, quick, greener.
3. Who spoke the following lines and to whom were they said :--
(a.) The sin upon my head, dread Sovereign.
(b.) My most redoubted father,
It is most meet we arm us 'gainst the foe.
(c.) 'Tis good for men to love their present pains
Upon example.
(d.) Hark, how our steeds for present service neigh!
(e.) O, give us leave, great King,
To view the field in safety and dispose of their dead bodics.
4. Give a short summary of Act III Scene V of the play.
5. Compare the character of Heury V as shown in the play with that
of the Dauphin,
6. Explain the allusions to :-
Gordian Knot; Iceland Dog; Pitchard Pay; At the turning
the tide The feast of Crispian.
-
'o
7. Who are the following and what are their places in the play
Duke of Bedford; Lord Scroop; The Constable of France ;
Mountjoy Fluellen and Pistol?
8. Give the substance of Henry's speech before the gates of Harfleur,. with quotations, if possible."
No. 10.
GEOGRAPHY,
CLASS I.
EUROPE.
1. Draw a rough map of France showing the boundaries, seas, capes,- mountains and rivers.
2. What are the manufactures of Germany, and where are they carried on ?
3. Name the rivers which drain the South East slope of Europe, and one chief town on the banks of each.
4. Where and what are the following:-Ladoga, The Skaw, Skager-
Rack, Rosa, Azov, Minch, Corsica, Hecla?
5. Trace the course of the Elbe and Danube.
6. Name the mountain ranges in the South of Europe, and state the countries in which they are situated.
7. Where are the following towns and for what are they noted :~Hamburg, Messina, Archangel, Dresden, Edinburgh, Christiania, St. Etienne, and Barcelona?
8. Give a list of the plains of Europe, and say where they are.
9. Name the boundaries, rivers and lakes of Switzerland, and describe its Government.
10. The temperature of Europe is on the whole mild. Account for this. What influence have the Mediterranean Sea and the Southern Mountains upon the countries in the South of Europe?
ན
:
599
:
No. 11.
GEOGRAPHY.
CLASS II.
ENGLAND AND WALES.
1. Draw a map of the South coast of England, from the mouth of the Thames to the Bristol Channel, showing the capes and inlets.
2. Name the mountain ranges of England and Wales giving the highest peaks.
3. Give the rivers flowing into the Irish Sea, and name any towns that stand on them.
4. What has made England the first manufacturing country in the world? Name its chief minerals.
5. Name six large sea-ports in England, say what they export, and the countries with which they trade.
6. Where are the following manufactures carried on:—' leather, hardware, shipbuilding and chemicals?
7. What do you know of the following towns :-
-Woollen goods,
Sunderland, Halifax, Windsor, Scarborough, Luton and Oxford?
8. From which countries do we import :-Cotton, Sugar, Tea, Gold, Tin, Furs and Indiarubber?
9. Account for the difference in the climate of the East and West of England; how does this affect the agricultural pursuits of the people?
10. Give a list of the Midland Counties with their county towns.
No. 12.
area.
CLASS III.
GEOGRAPHY.
EUROPE.
1. Name the boundaries of Europe. Also give its length, breadth and
2. Draw a map of the Baltic Sea, showing the countries surrounding it. 3. Name the islands on the North and West of Europe and give the countries to which they belong.
4. Where are Ural Mountains, Cape Passaro, Mt. Etna, The Lom- bardy, Island of Elba, Sea of Marmora and Lake Onega?
5. Give the area and population of Denmark, which are its chief towns? 6. What do you know of:-Bordeaux, Munich, Amsterdam, Brussels, The Hague, Bremen, Nantes, Hammerfest ?
7. Name the rivers which flow into the German and Atlantic Oceans, and state the countries through which they flow.
8. What are the agricultural productions of France, which of them are exported to England?
No. 13.
GEOGRAPHY.
CLASS IV.
CHINA.
1. Draw a map of the Chinese Empire, showing the chief mountain ranges and rivers.
2. Give an account of the "Great Wall ".
3. Sketch the course of the Hoang-ho and name the chief towns on its banks.
4. Name the six maritime provinces with their capitals. Which of them contain foreign settlements ?
5. Name the seas, bays and gulfs of China.
6. Where are the following towns and for what are they noted :-) -Han- kow, Shan-hai-kwan, Pei-tai-ho, Che-foo, Amoy and Kai-fong?
7. Give an account of the Shen-si province.
8. Name the exports of China and the provinces from which they come.
·
No. 14.
CLASS IA.
600
HISTORY.
GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND : 1715-1815.
1. Give a short account of the Rebellion of 1745. was given to the Highlanders?
What punishment
2 What were the causes of the American War of Independence? Give the first and last battles with dates, and the final result of the war.
3. Who were :-John Wesley, Suraj-ud-Dowlah, Lord Clive, John Wilkes, Warren Hastings, Lord Nelson?
4. What do you know of the following :-Septennial Act, The Excise Bill, Stamp Act, Act of Union, Catholic Emancipation ?
་
5. Give an account of Napoleon's plans for invading England; how were they defeated ?
6. What were the Berlin Decrees, and how did the English Govern- ment reply to them?
7. Give an account of the Irish Rebellion of 1798, what measure was the immediate outcome of it?
8. What were the causes of the French Revolution of 1789, what were its effects in Great Britain ?
9. Give an account of the agitation for Parliamentary Reform in the reign of George III.
10. What were the causes of the struggle between the French and English in Canada, how did it end?
11. What was the nature of Fox's India Bill? When was the Indian Board of Control established and by whom?
12. Account for the growth of power of the Ministry and the origin of Prime Minister under George 1.
No. 15.
HISTORY.
CLASS IB.
GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND :
1715-1815.
1. What attempts were made by the Stuarts to regain the English Crown? How far were they successful?
2. What do you know of the "South Sea Bubble”?
3. Who was the great minister of George I. By what means did he keep in power for such a long period, and in what lay his chief talent?
4. Give a brief account of the struggle between the French and English in Southern India.
5. What do you know of the following :-
"
"Jacobites", "Methodists 66 United Irishmen trality League", "The Luddites".
11
"Armed Nen-
>
6. Who were :-The Old Pretender, Montcalm, George Washington, Sir John Moore, The Earl of Chatham.
7. Which three great naval battles gave to England the supremacy of the sea, which she has held ever since? Give a brief description of one of the battles.
8. What was the cause of the Peninsular War? Draw a sketch map showing the principal engagements in which Wellington defeated the French.
9. What were the battles of: Prestonpans, Plassey, Camperdown, Alexandria, Waterloo ?
10. Give some account of the state of the Church and Education in the time of George II.
No. 16.
601
HISTORY.
CLASS II.
JAMES I-WILLIAM III.
1. What was Cromwell's foreign policy during the Commonwealth? How far did it succeed?
2. What was the cause of the rupture between Charles I and his Parliaments? Give the first and last battles of the Civil War with the leaders on each side and results.
3. What do you know of the Gunpowder Plot?
4. Give an account of the war with the Dutch during the reign of Charles II.
5. Who were :-Raleigh, John Hampden, Ironsides, Monmouth, The Old Pretender, John Milton?
6. What do you know of :-Declaration of Breda, Massacre of Glencoe, Ship Money, Hampton Court Conference?
7. Why was James II unpopular ? Who succeeded him to the throne,
and what claims had he?
8. What are the chief events in the reign of William III?
No. 17.
HISTORY.
CLASS III.
WILLIAM I TO RICHARD III.
1. What caused the Civil War between Mathilda and Stephen? How was a settlement arrived at?
2. Give a short account of Richard I.'s adventures in the Holy Land. 3. Give an account of the quarrel between Henry II and Thomas à Becket; how did it end?
4. What was the Great Charter? When and where was it sigued? What circumstances led to its being drawn up?
5. When was the first House of Commons established ? What led to it, and who was chiefly responsible for its being called together?
6. What do you know of:
Lollards?
7. Who was the "Kingmaker"?
far was it justified?
Domesday Book, Black Death, The
How did he get his title and how
8. What were the Wars of the Roses ? Give the first and last battles. How did the war end?
No. 18.
HYGIENE,
CLASS I.
1. Explain how it is that a domestic building can be properly ventilated by natural means.
2. Why should lead piping never be used for water and how do waters vary in their action on lead pipes?
3. What are the objects aimed af in the laws which compel in Hong- kong the ground surfaces of domestic buildings to be concreted ?
4. Why is the intermittent system of water supply very unsatisfactory? 5. Explain what is meant by saying that 0.6 volumes per 1,000 of CO, is the permissible limit of impurity in the air of a domestic building.
2
No. 19.
HYGIENE.
CLASS II,
1. How may the air become contaminated in cities other than by the breathing of animals and the burning of fuel?
2. What is meant by :-
(1) A shallow well?
(2) A deep well?
(3) An Artesian well?
What circumstances may render the water from the last two undrinkable or dangerous?
3. How are foods classified?
Give examples of each class as ordinarily used by Chinese.
4. What kinds of bedding and night clothes are the best and why?
No. 20.
602
HYGIENE.
CLASS III.
1. Enumerate the different gases in the atmosphere and describe how they vary in their relative proportions.
2. What is the original source of rain?
3. Explain how it is that some races of men are able to live without eating the flesh of animals.
4. What different materials are generally used for making clothing and how may the health of the body be affected by the nature and colour of the materials?
No. 21.
HYGIENE.
CLASS IV.
1. Name the different gases of the atmosphere and explain what part they take in respiration and combustion.
2. How many different ways can you think of by which the water supply in Chinese houses in Victoria may be contaminated?
3. What different advantages do we obtain by cooking our food?
4. Mention some diseases which might be acquired by eating contami- nated food and say what you would advise to prevent such accidents happening.
5. Why is woollen clothing more healthful than cotton clothing?
No. 22.
HYGIENE.
CLASS V.
1. How do animals affect the composition of the atmosphere ?
2. How do plants affect the composition of the atmosphere ?
3. How much fresh air is required by each adult occupant of a room for one hour?
4. Why are big rivers generally unsafe sources of water supply for
drinking purposes--for example the river water at Canton ?
5. What would you do to the water from a town well before drinking it? Why would you do so?
No. 23.
BOOK-KEEPING.
CLASS I.
1. What is meant by double entry?
2. What are the resemblances and differences between a bill of exchange,
a promissory note, a cheque, and a bank note?
3. What is meant by :-
(1) Accepting a bill?
(2) Days of grace?
(3) Discount ?
4. Show what entries you would make in your Ledger from the follow-
ing statements of your day's business:
(1) Started with Cash in hand,
(2) Paid subscription to hospital (by cheque),
£ S. d.
7
3 6
5 0 0
0
2. 6
3 10 0
.10 8 4
(3) Paid for stationery (cash),
(4) Bought goods for cash,
(5) Sold goods for cash,....
(6) Sold goods to T. Smith,
.15 0 0
(7) Bought goods from A. Brown,
.20
0
i
1
No. 24.
603
BOOK-KEEPING.
CLASS II.
1. Rule out a sample page of a Journal, put the proper headings to the columns and explain the uses of the different columns.
2. Journalise the following transactions in your own business
£
$.
d.
January 1st
Cash in hand,
50
0
ง
""
Cash in bank,
1,000
0
0
2nd Bonght from A. Smith goods,
40
0
C
3rd
>
Sold goods for cash,
5
3
6
5th
Paid A. Smith cash,
38
10
0
>>
Was allowed discount,
1
10
0
""
6th Bought goods (paid by cheque),
30
0
0
7th
Sold goods (paid by cheque),
15
10
6
3. Bank notes being only made of paper how is it that they are accepted
in payment of accounts just as though they were cash?
4. What is a cheque and why can you not cash a crossed cheque ?
No. 25.
ARITHMETIC.
CLASS I.
1. Find to the nearest penny the Amount and Compound Interest of £875 15s. Od. for 4 years at 4 per cent.
2. Find the cube root of 34,567.
3. If a man receives 5 per cent. on the money he invested in 7 per cent. Stock, at what price did he buy?
4. If 3 men can do the same amount of work as 5 boys, how long will 15 men take to do the same piece of work which can be done by 40 boys in 20 days?
5. How many linear yards of matting 27 inches wide will be required to cover the surface of a floor 24 feet wide and 60 feet long?
No. 26.
ARITHMETIC.
CLASS II.
1. Which is the larger fraction, the sum of 19 and 73, or the difference between 24 and 3% ?
Tr
2. Find by Practice the cost of 2,107 articles at £2 6s. 4d. each.
3. Find the square root of 7 to four places of decimals.
4. If you bought $1,009 worth of goods and sold them four months later for $756 how much money would you have lost assuming that you could have obtained 7.2 per cent. per annum for your money ?
5. If 17 men can do a piece of work in 24 days working 10 hours a day, in how many days will 18 men do the work if they work 8 hours each day?
No. 27.
1. Find the value of :-
% of £5 17s. Od.
16
2. Find the sum of :-
ARITHMETIC.
CLASS III.
of £8 2s. 9d. + 13 of £1 7s. 1d.
414,
0352, and 6-ioi.
3. Find by Practice the cost of 231 articles at £1 6s. 8d. each.
4. What is the missing term in the following proportion 4: 6:: 7:?
:
No. 28.
604
ARITHMETIC.
CLASS IV.
1. What is meant by a prime number, and what is meant by saying that two numbers are prime to one another?
2. The true year consists of 365 days 5 hours 48 minutes and 46 seconds, but for convenience it is said to consist of 365 days. If there were no leap years how many days, minutes and seconds would this difference amount to in 1600 years?
3. Find the value of :---
5
(1.)
5
6
2-3
2-8
(2.) (1 + 3) × (2 + ‡)
+ 33 × (} + 10) +
11/
21
3
22
1/3/
of 25-15
(3.)
4 of 4
4. Express as a decimal fraction :—
14
6
9
1
+7
+ 4
25.6
6.4
12.5
No. 29.
ARITHMETIC.
CLASS V.
1. What is meant by a concrete number and what by an abstract number?
2. If a bucket holds 25 pints of water, how many bucketfuls are required
to fill a tank of 1,200 gallons capacity?
3. Find the G.C.M. of 182,776 and 549,065.
4. Find the L.C.M. of 364, 2,520 and 5,265.
5. Find the value of :-
14 of
44 X 180.
21
of 9
28 × 14
No. 30.
ARITHMETIC.
CLASS VI.
1. If one dollar is worth 2s. 1d., how many dollars and cents are £11 4s. 6d. worth?
2. Find the cost of 24 tons 3 cwt. of coal at 1s. 4d. per cwt.
3. If a man's income is £550 15s. 6d. per annum and he spends £326 2s. 4d. each year, how much will he save in 19 years?
4. If you see the flash of a cannon immediately it is fired but only hear the sound after 7 seconds how far off is the cannon if sound travels at the rate of 1,120 feet per second? Give answer in miles, furlongs and yards.
5. Explain how it is that I square yard 9 square feet, and 27 cubic feet 1 cubic yard.
=
No. 31.
ARITHMETIC.
CLASS VII.
1. Express in words the following numbers :-
271,432,859, 50,100,302.
2. Find the sum of one hundred thousand and two, seven thousand and
twenty, seventy one, and forty three.
3. Add together 431,204, 736, 20,610, 17.
4. Find the difference between 43,216,502 and 82,174,314.
5. Divide equally into 7 parts the following
£1,499 2s. 5d.
sum
of money
D
:
No. 32.
605
ALGEBRA.
CLASSES 1A & 1B.
1. If a is the first term and is the common ratio of n terms in Geo-
a (r” — 1)
metrical Progression show that the sum of the terms =
--
71 I
2. Prove that a° :
1.
3. Simplify :---
4
a
•
✓ a
a
a
•
4. Solve the following equation:-
a
XC
+
x
b
n
+
Q
a
5. A man having a certain sum of money, borrowed from a friend an equal sum and gambled with the total and lost $6. He then borrowed a sum equal to what he had left and again gambled and lost $6. He then borrowed again a sum equal to what he had left and gambling again lost $6 and found he had nothing left. What amount of his own money did he begin with?
6. Simplify :-
I
a
(Ita + a) ÷ (-
1
1
a
a
1 + a
-)
Note:Only five questions to be answered.
No. 33.
ALGEBRA.
CLASS II.
1. Solve the following equation :--
7 (3a-6)+5 ( a − 3 ) = 11 - 4 (18 — a).
2. Divide a (a + 2b) + Tab - b 3 (4a 2 + 5b 2) by a2 - ab + b2.
a1 ♣
3. At what time between 3 and 4 o'clock will the minute hand be
exactly over the hour hand.
4. Find the H.C.F. of the following expressions :-
3
2
a (u + 1 ) 3 ( a + 1 ) 2 and a3 ( a + 2 ) + ( a − 1 ) 3.
5. Find the L.C.M. of:
-
a2 + 7a + 6 and a2 + Sa + 12.
No. 34.
ALGEBRA.
CLASS III.
1. Simplify the following expression :-
8b (3c - a) — [6a — 3b — {5c + (3a − b − c)}].
2. If a = 2,
b
3 and c = 4 find the value of :-
a-2 [b + 3 {e — 2a — (a - b) } + 2a − (b + 3c)].
-
3. Divide:-
a2 + b2
c2
-
d2
2ab+2rd by a → b + c d.
M
4. Show that the index of the product of two numbers which are powers of the same quantity, is the sum of their indices.
"
5. Find the sum of the following expression and arrange it according to descending powers of x with the coefficients of the like powers of ✈ grouped in brackets:-
No. 35.
ax 2-
bx + c,
bx2
cx + (li,
and cx2
ax + b.
ALGEBRA.
CLASS IV.
1. What are meant by the following expressions: (1.) a + 2b + 3a + 5c.
and if a = 3, b
expression?
(2.) 2a + 4b
M
4a + 2c-3d.
=
4, c = 5,
and d 2, what will be the value of each
2. Simplify the following expression :-
9a (65-3c)-[2a-3b-2c-(4b+5c)].
3. Find the sum of the following expressions :-
Za + 3b- c+ 4d and ja – žb − ‡c + ‡d.
4. Find the difference between :-
-(a + b c + d) and (ab + c − d).
-
No. 36.
606
GEOMETRICAL DRAWING.
CLASS IV.
1. Draw two straight lines of unequal length, call one AB and the other CD. Take one of them as equal to the base and the other as equal to one side of an isosceles triangle and construct a triangle accordingly.
2. Draw a triangle having its sides 4 inches, 3 inches and 2 inches long respectively.
Why can you not draw a triangle with sides in the proportion of 3, 2 and 1?
3. Draw an irregular pentagon and make another one exactly like it.
No. 37..
GEOMETRY.
CLASSES 1A & IB.
1. If two triangles have two sides of the one equal to two sides of the other, each to each, and the angles, included by these sides equal, then the triangles are equal in all respects.
Prove the above proposition.
2. Find the area of a triangle whose sides are 37 inches, 30 inches and 13 inches long respectively.
3. Construct a right-angled triangle having given the hypotenuse and one other of its sides. Prove the truth of your construction.
4. Prove that the square on the diagonal of any given square is equal in area to twice the given square.
5. Prove that the angle in a semicircle is a right angle.
Note :-Class IA to do questions 2 to 5 and Class 1B, questions 1 to 4.
No. 38.
GEOMETRY.
CLASS II.
1. Prove that the straight lines drawn from the extremities of the base of an isosceles triangle to the middle points of the opposite sides are equal to one another.
2. Define Parallel straight lines.
3. Prove that straight lines which are parallel to the same straight line are parallel to one another.
4. If you walk due North for 100 yards and then due East for 30 yards how far will you then be from your starting point.
5. Prove that all the interior angles of any rectilinear figure are equal to twice as many right angles as the figure has sides less four right angles.
No. 39.
GEOMETRY.
CLASS III.
1. What are the three Postulates ?
2. Explain what is meant by saying that complements of the same angle are equal.
3. If a clock is started at 12 o'clock, what will be the time when the hour hand has advanced 45 degrees and what will be the angle included by the hour and minute hands at that time?
4. How are triangles classified with regard to their angles?
5. Show that the angles at the base of an isosceles triangle are equal.
No. 40.
607
MENSURATION,
CLASS I.
1. By what method can you find the area of a triangle having given the length of the three sides?
2. Prove that the volume of a sphere
πρ
3. Find the area of a field from the following entry in a field book :-
To D
538
To C 66
400
From B
on left.
To B
629
To D 295
179
From A
go East.
4. The minute hand of a clock is 6 inches long, find the area on the clock face which it describes between 12 and 12.40 o'clock.
No. 41.
MENSURATION.
CLASS II.
1. How long must a fire escape be to reach from the middle of a street 50 feet wide to the top of the front wall of a house 60 feet high?
2. What are similar figures? Give an example.
3. Having given the chord of an are, and the height of the are, show by rule and example how to find the diameter of the circle.
4. The chord of half an are is 12 feet, and the diameter of the circle is 80 feet: find the chord of the are.
M
No. 42.
TRIGONOMETRY.
SENIOR.
1. If a street runs due North and South and the height of the houses on each side is equal and such that a line drawn from the top of the front wall of any house to the foot of the wall of the house exactly opposite makes au angle of 60° with the roadway, for how many hours per day could sunshine get down to the roadway supposing the sun to rise due East and set due West?
2. Prove that cot A-cot 2 A=cos:c 2 A.
3. Show how to solve a triangle having given two angles and a side.
4. In a triangle A B C the angle at B=45° and that at C=75°, and the shortest distance between the angle A and the side B C=3 inches, what are the respective lengths of the sides of the triangle?
5. What is a logarithun? Show that the logarithm of a product equals the sum of the logarithms of its factors.
3
74
:
:
3
1
No. 43.
608
TRIGONOMETRY.
JUNIOR.
I. What are the six commonly used trigonometrical ratios? Explain them and draw a figure to show what you mean.
2. A ship steaming North at 12 miles an hour sights a lighthouse bearing North East. A quarter of an hour later the lighthouse bears due East. How far off the lighthouse is the ship passing ?
3. Prove that :-
(1) sin2 A cot? A+cos2 A tan2 A=1.
(2) tan A+cot A= =sec A cosec A.
4. Define a radian and find the number of radians in each interior angle of a regular hexagon.
5. What is imeit by a compound angle? Prove that sin(A+B)= sin A cos B+cos A sin B.
No. 44.
TRANSLATION FROM ENGLISH
INTO CHINESE.
Class I to attempt the first two pieces; Class II the second and third pieccs; Class III the third piece.
There lies a vale in Ida, lovelier
I.
Than all the valleys of Ionian hills.
The swimming vapour slopes athwart the glen,
Puts forth an arm, and creeps from pine to pine, And loiters, slowly drawn.
II.
Therefore it is said: "Though the outer and the inner walls be unfi- nished, though there be scant show of weapons and armour, not of such are the ills of countries. Though the fields and lands be not extended, though stores of wealth be not gathered together, not of such is the ruin of coun- tries." But when those in high places do the things that are unseemly and when the humble are set against learning, in that day there shall be born sedition, and destruction shall come before the evening,
The Humble Petition of-
Your Petitioner has long lived in Hongkong, quietly trading as a seller of broken iron. Now unexpectedly he has been arrested for having no licence. He begs your Honour will assist him. And he as in duty bound
will ever pray, &c.
Honourable Registrar General,
No. 5.
有
更相撞刺馬旣輕快人亦
宅上數百爲羣部陣指揮
從中出精光耀日遊走 有人皆長寸餘持槊乘馬
桓謙字敬祖太原中忽見
蟻化為人,
TRANSLATION FROM CHINESE
INTO ENGLISH.
(CLASSES I, II & III)
CLass II TO DO QUESTION I ONLY.
I.
力之鞭 鞭更 更宅
所所捷
能或能
入處因掘之有斛許大蟻 入穴中桓遂作沸湯澆所
力所能勝者以槊刺取巡 之所或有切肉輒來聚
鞭徒能緣几登竈 飲食
死在穴中
II.
港香囘裝葉茶將須必船該
函來接昨
日是於 少報多以 兵之處何論毋
.
No. 46.
609 --
VERNACULAR SCHOOL.
CLASS V.
第五班譯文
直隸南皮縣某村有姓黃同姓張雨家係親家男家黃氏家好窮女家張氏就好 有錢男家時時因爲親戚上頭向女家借錢一日男豕新婚想做的小生意苦於有 本錢又向女家移借女家緖母就吩咐佢嘅女攡幾件衣服俾佢當個女仔可憐夫 家咁窮就想俾多的錢佢呀瞰就除自己對金鈪同十三雨 銀包喺衣服内俾佢但 又唔便講明不過想新婿見就掏佢就係啫誰不知新婿因急於等錢用未將衣包 開嚟睇即時彞去當舖當舖掌櫃問佢話包裏便有乜野嗓處呢答話不過衣服幾 件睹等到掌櫃欄嚟睇見同原物唔符就好思疑佢啱啱個處有一家失唧野報由 差人查緝掌櫃就去差館報案瞰就差役將新婿拉去送縣官收監新婿嘅緖親聞 得呢的事卽時去縣保救縣官都因佢所講同原物唔符思疑佢係同黨一齊收監 父子兩個人同監中自盡該女仔聞得佢以爲呢的事獨係自己知情就去縣官 衙門報明原委當堂自盡新婿嘅老母同女嘅老母都自盡喺屋其餘兩個紳袴一 個地保都因事情重大怕受株連都一同自盡話
VERNACULAR SCHOOL.
No. 47.
CLASS IV.
能費
第四班譯文
先幾日北京某王親去見也國欽差 偶然講到中國近日練兵一件事意 氣激昂揚揚自得乜國欽差大笑話 貴國練兵唔係因爲想打我哋嘅國 「試問貴來所招練嘅兵每年 費幾多錢呢但係所有兵士都唔可 能打土匪重望佢打洋人咩奉告貴 王奏明貴國大皇帝留呢的有用嘅 錢修整好宮殿花園重可以令貴國 皇太后歡喜呀某親王聽見呢的說 話嬲嬲就去翻去四處同人講話某 國人眞可惡眞可惡太睇中國唔起
太中國唔起
No. 48.
610
VERNACULAR SCHOOL.
CLASS III.
第三班譯文
先排有一個中國官嘅家眷喺秦皇 島地方搭火車去北京到京韶時天 色已經夜略佢所帶嘅行李卡分多 碗關查私人員逐一細心查驗怕佢 嘅中間有挾帶私貨呀查完個官嘅 家人就將行李搬去佢住嘅屋将一 槪行李點過失曉兩個衣箱佢係上 車個時失曉嘷落車被稅關人員查 驗時有人乘機偷去就唔可能追究 咯中國開辦鐵路以來到而家已經 十年咯總冇一處好嘅車站令旅行 嘅人客將近好似無倚靠嘅難民
唔係可惜之舂關係哦
No. 49.
VERNACULAR SCHOOL.
CLASS II:
第二班譯文
京城玉泉山所出嘅泉水係中國北 便至好嘅皇太后皇上所飲嘅水向 來都係喺呢 攞近來吟個山所有 嘅煤獷已經發露個處看守嘅差時 時禴 嚟燒煤質之好處唔讓南山 出嘅查康熙年間也會有明白上 諗唔准喺呢個山燒成後來呢個 石爛嘅將石背做屏門門柱因爲年 紀好耐已經破爛碑上嘅字已經唔
可能睇見咯
No. 50.
VERNACULAR SCHOOL.
CLASS I.
笑
第一班譯文
有兩個人喺省城一間茶 居飲茶因爲講起舊時中 國武試科塲中嘅事第一
個人話武場中各省士子
各有好處北京嘅箭好河
南嘅刀好天津嘅弓好山 東嘅石好第二個人聽見 佢講就好笑話照我睇嚟 都重係外國嘅炮好說話 未講完同座嘅人嘩然大
J
Vernacular School.
611
Appendix B.
TABLE SHEWING NAMES OF MASTERS AND THE
NUMBER OF DIVISIONS.
Class.
Division..
Name of Master.
A.
T. K. Dealy.
I.
B.
R. E. O. Bird, M.A.
II.
A.
B.
III.
A.
B.
C.
A. H. Crook, B.A.
Ng In.
G. P. de Martin, B.A.
Tsung Chung.
Tse Ching-fong.
IV.
A.
H. L. Garrett, B.A.
B.
Kong Ki-fai.
C.
V.
A.
B.
Leung Kwong-kun.
Li Ying-shiu. Lau Tsoi.
C.
Chiu Yung-chi.
D.
Ying Wing-chek.
VI.
A.
Fung Sz-chan.
B.
Chan Sz-yui.
C.
D.
E.
VII.
A.
B.
V.
IV.
III.
II.
I.
.0.
D.
Ko Po-sham.
Wong Hoi-man.
Lo Wai-hong.
E. Ralphs, F.R.G.S., Normal Master, and
five pupil teachers.
Chan Tat-ming.
Ho Fung-chung. Chan Man-chun.
Ho Mo-ng. Lo Po-tang.
!
HONGKONG.
REPORT ON REFUSE DESTRUCTORS BY MR. T. L. PERKINS.
No. 1906
21
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
HONGKONG, 15th March, 1906.
In accordance with your instructions I beg herewith to forward plans* showing proposed Reclamation of land at Kennedy Town together with the designs for a Destructor to be placed on the site when reclaimed.
As regards the reclamation, it is intended that only the area required for the Destructor site and the road bordering it should be reclaimed in the first instance and this is all that the appended Estimate provides for. The completion of the Reclamation Scheme could be undertaken at a later date, the remaining area being gradually filled in with the residue clinker produced by the Destructor.
His Excellency has stated that provision should be made for dealing with 100 tons of refuse per day and the Destructor has been designed accordingly. Sufficient room has however been provided in the proposed building to enable two more cells to be added.
It is necessary, before commencing to design any scheme, to assume that some particular type of cell will be used, as the differences in the various types of Destructors are in many cases such as to necessitate an entirely different arrangement in planning. I append a Table* containing particulars of the various types in use in several large towns and, after consider- ing it carefully, have adopted the Horsfall Destructor in the design submitted. The follow- ing are some remarks upon the various kinds of Destructors in use.
It will be seen from the Table that the Fryer Cell, manufactured by Messrs. MANLOVE & ALLIOTT of Nottingham, is apparently the most popular. This is however accounted for by the fact that the Fryer Cell was on the market for some years before any other cell of repute was brought out, having been first erected at Manchester in 1876. A modification of this cell has been recently erected at Shoreditch where it is worked in connection with the Elec- tric Light Station and this has received more attention, been more praised and more criti- cised than any Destructor yet erected. Its success, which is undoubted, has not however been due so much to the cell as to the installation of alpen's Thermal Storage System, which consists of a cylinder so constructed and insulated with non-conducting materials and closely packed reservoirs that the loss by radiation is reduced to a minimum. In this cylinder heat is stored up during the day and utilized during hours of heavy load at night. I have had 7 years' personal experience in the working of the Fryer Cells. After completion and trial for some time they had to be altered by applying forced draught to the furnaces, which resulted in increasing their capacity by 2 tons per cell per day.
In the case of refuse which will burn readily the Fryer Cell has its advantages-the first cost is not so heavy as for some others, it does not get easily out of order and it lends itself to an economical design of Building. It will be seen from the Table however that in several instances the Horsfall Cell has been substituted for this make.
Another of the cells claiming attention is the Meldrum, manufactured by MELDRUM BROS. It is claimed for this cell that it destroys a very large amount of refuse per day. It is undoubtedly a very good one, but its records, so far as I am aware, are principally in connection with other works such as Sewage, Pumping and Electric Light works, where the question of high steaming power has been the first consideration and the refuse has been rich in calorific value. At Hereford, for instance, where one of these was installed in con- nection with the Sewage works, the calorific value of the refuse was equal to evaporating 1.34 lbs. of water per 1 lb. of refuse.
* Not printed.
I
:
532
The Beaman & Deas Destructor has also recently come into prominence from the large amount of refuse destroyed per cell. The same remarks however apply to this as to the Meldrum above referred to, it being nearly always used for high steaming. In both these cases auxiliary coal firing takes place at the same time as the refuse is being destroyed, and it is well known amongst Municipal Engineers that the results achieved by cells under such circumstances have to be received with a considerable amount of caution.
Next to the Fryer, the Horsfall Cell appears to be in most general use.
It has been introduced much more recently than the Fryer and is similar to the latter in that it allows of an economical design of Building, and also like this cell its primary object is to destroy the refuse, steaming being an after consideration. It has not therefore been used to any great extent in connection with Electric Light or Power Stations, although a considerable amount of power is utilized in nearly every case where it has been installed.
At the Powderhall Destructor Works, Edinburgh, it was proved in an action that noxious gases and dust from the existing cells (the Fryer) were emitted in such quantities as to cause a considerable nuisance and upon expert advice the Horsfall Co. were called in to substitute the Horsfall for the Fryer Cells, the ground for complaint being subsequently proved to have been removed by this alteration.
At Bradford, Huddersfield and Black pool also the Fryer Cells were replaced by the Hors- fall, some of the largest installations of the latter being at Bradford, Brussels, Edinburgh, Hamburg, (the largest Destructor in the world consisting of 36 cells), Hull, Leeds, Sheffield, aud Fulham.
The Warner "Perfectus" Destructor, made by Messrs. GODDARD, MASSEY & WARNER of Nottingham, is somewhat similar to the Fryer in general arrangement. It has achieved a fair success but has not been adopted to the same extent as others previously mentioned. It is now in use at Hornsey, Sheffield, Bournemouth, Madras, Sydney and several sınaller places.
The Heenan & Froude Twin Cell has also been adopted to some extent, over 100 cells of this type having been erected within the past few years. The makers claim an average of over 10 tons per cell destroyed per day. It is to be found in use at Gloucester, Barrow- in-Furness, Northampton, Wakefield, &c.
In addition to the cells above referred to there are numerous others on the market that have been adopted to some slight extent; such as the Willoughby, the Mason, the Stirling, the Garlick and Christenson in India, and there are still other makes in use in America.
Speaking generally there is a great sameness in the results when examined in detail, and each type appears to have accomplished at one place or another quite as successful results as its competitor somewhere else.
In a
As a matter of fact town refuse varies to a great extent not only between one town and another but between different districts and between different days in the same town. case which came under my personal observation the refuse from two districts of a city could not be burnt by itself. It had to be either mixed with fuel or with the refuse from other districts which was of a much higher calorific value.
It is important however that a Destructor should be first designed to destroy refuse and to do this thoroughly; in fact to ensure that no unburnt refuse should escape among the clinker and no dust should leave the chimney top or cake around it.
Adopting this view, the cells for high steaming power, such as the Meldrum and the Beaman & Deas, may be discarded but it might be considered desirable to invite tenders from the following makers of cells, in addition to the Horsfall Co., under certain conditions and modifications: the Fryer (MANLOVE & ALLIOTT), the Warner Perfectus (GODDARD, MASSEY & WARNER), and the Heenan Twin Cell (Messrs. HEENAN & FROUDE).
The Horsfall type has achieved uniformly good average results and is a thoroughly up- to-date cell, its design being an exceedingly good one. It is claimed that the use of steam jets to produce forced draught has an advantage over simple forced draught in that it produces water gas in passing through the incandescent fuel which materially aids combustion. This is however doubtful in the case of refuse which already contains a considerable amount of moisture to be driven off before burning, as it can hardly be improved by injecting air saturated with moisture. I would therefore suggest that whatever type of cell may be
533
adopted, it should be made a condition that the forced draught should be supplied from a fan, and that the fan should be of sufficient power to give a pressure of not less than 2" of water in the ashpit. Fans may be somewhat more expensive to instal but they can be driven with 5% of the steam raised from refuse, whilst a steam jet will probably absorb 4 times this amount.
As already mentioned, the Horsfall Cell has been adopted in the design herewith submitted. 12 cells have been provided to deal with 100 tons per day which will allow for an average of slightly over 8 tons per cell per day. This is less than the average quantity destroyed by these cells at home, but I have thought it advisable to assume a low average. I find, since commencing this report, that Singapore, after erecting the Garlick & Chris- tenson Cell now considers the Horsfall Destructor better adapted for the incineration of refuse of the kind collected in Singapore.
The Singapore cells required about 1 ton of firewood to every 140 tons of refuse des- troyed and there is no doubt that the refuse to be dealt with here will require some fuel to assist its combustion; probably more than was used in Singapore. It is possible that the small quantity of fuel used there accounts for the poor result obtained. I would suggest 2% of coal as the probable quantity required but, whatever the amount may be, the temperature must be raised to something over 1200° F. before the whole of the noxious gases can be cremated.
In the earlier use of the Fryer Destructor, when a temperature of only about 800° F. was obtained, the fumes were further dealt with by passing them over a coal furnace called a Jones Cremator, being first used by Mr. JONES, Borough Engineer of Ealing. This has however now been entirely superseded by the forced draught system which gives extremely high temperatures in the furnaces.
Since it is necessary to obtain this high temperature, the heat produced might profit- ably be utilized to perform some useful work and provision has therefore been made in the design for 2 Babcock & Wilcox Boilers, and for the necessary Engine and Machinery for lighting the works with Electric Light, hauling the trucks up the approach road, crushing clinker and making concrete slabs, and grinding mortar.
To determine the size of the boilers and the probable horse-power obtainable, it is necessary to examine the results obtained in other places, and these results vary greatly.
For instance at King's Norton near Birmingham the furnaces generated 3 lbs. of steam for each 1 lb. of refuse: this is a very high proportion.
At Bermondsey also a very high average is obtained, the Engineer accounting for it by the wasteful extravagance of the poorer classes who inhabit that district and who throw away partially burnt fuel.
The average of several tests carried out at combined works (Electric and Destructor) was 1.1 lb. of steam per 1 lb. of refuse, but some places show a result as low as .60 lbs. of steam. To be on the safe side will be advisable to assume that the refuse destroyed here will produce .40 lbs. of steam per lb. of refuse and on this assumption the horse-power works out as follows:
100 tons refuse destroyed per day
4.2 tons per
hour 9,408 lbs. per hour. 9,408 x .403,763 lbs. of steam produced per hour.
×
As 30 lbs. water evaporated per hour at 70 lbs. pressure equals one horse-power ;
3763 125 h.p.
30
Babcock & Wilcox boilers will evaporate about 3 lbs. of steam per square foot of heating surface from and at 212° F. therefore 3763- = 1,254 square feet of heating surface required.
In order however not to work up to the limit of the boiler power I would suggest that two of the B. & W. standard boilers 22′0′′ long x 6'10" wide x 13′0′′ high with 1,098 feet of heating surface be utilized and these have been provided for in the scheme.
The buildings are proposed to be of brick with granite dressings, the chimney being carried to a height of 120 feet. This height is not necessary for the purpose of creating a draught but it will probably obviate future complaints of the emission of fumes. Coolie quarters for 300 coolies and Superintendent's house are also provided in the scheme.
534
·
The estimate of probable cost is as follows but, owing to the makers' prices of the cells selected not being obtainable it must be accepted only as approximate although I believe it to be fairly accurate :--
ESTIMATE.
Reclamation,
Reclaiming land for site of Destructor only, 200,400 square
feet at 70 cents, say,
$ C.
140,300.00
$c.
New 50-foot Road, say,
20,400.00
160,700,00
Destructor,
Buildings,
.$ 42,500.00
Piling for do,
30,600.00
73,100.00
Approach Road,
12,000.00
Chimney and Dust-catcher and piling for do,
9,000.00
Corrugated iron boundary fence,
G
4,000.00
98,100.00
Machinery,
12 cells and furnaces with fan and engine for forced draught
and two B. & W. boilers at $5,900 per cell, ....
70,800.00
1 Engine and condenser,
3,500.00
Steam piping,
1,000.00
Crushing and slab-making machinery, Weigh-bridge, Tanks,
&c.,
3,700.00
Tram lines and trucks for Clinkers,..
2,000.00
Dynamo wiring, &c.,
1,500.00
82,500.00
Coolie Quarters, &c. Buildings,
60,000.00
Piling,
15,000.00
75,000.00
Superintendent's Quarters,
15,000.00
Total,.....
..$ 431,300.00
The new Road and the Coolie Quarters are hardly part of the scheme so far as the Destructor is concerned and I presume would not be included in the capital cost.
The actual cost of dealing with the refuse per ton estimated on a weekly basis is as follows:-
European Superintendent at £250 per annum
3 Working gangers, one for each shift at $4
18 Firemen at $2.50
3 Labourers at $2
10 Tons Coal at $11
Repairs and Renewals
Interest and sinking fund; say.
•
$ 48.00
12.00
45.00
6.00
110.00
50.00
400.00
$671.00
Number of tons dealt with per week
Cost
per ton
671 700
= .96 cents.
700.
Against this 96 cents there would be a profit made from slabs manufactured, &c., so that it is unlikely that the actual nett cost of dealing with the refuse will be more than 75 cents per ton.
The Honourable THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS.
T. L. PERKINS.
HONGKONG.
REPORT OF THE REGISTRAR GENERAL, FOR THE YEAR 1905.
13 No. 1906
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
1.-Revenue and Expenditure.
(See Tables Ia to Id.)
The revenue collected during the year amounted to $172,947.89, being an increase of $5864 over the amount collected in 1904. The principal increases are again under the heads-Hawkers, Markets and Market Licences.
The number of Hawkers' Licences increased by 1,014, from 12.768 in 1904 to 13,782 in 1905. From
From enquiries made in the Central and Eastern Districts of the town I find that vegetables are sold by hawkers cheaper than they are in the Government Markets, and the hawkers are obviously of great service to the poorer classes. They do the same class of Business as costermongers in London, and the following extract from an article in the Times
n the report of the London Traffic Commission may be of interest :—
"The standing of the costermongers' barrows and stalls, in many important thorough- fares is also pointed to as a serious obstruction; but this class of business is of such service to the poorer classes that it should not lightly or hastily be suppressed. The Advisory Board think that other sites could be selected, very much as is done in the little market- "places of many English country towns and usually on the Continent, and the barrows and "stalls banished from the main streets.
The increase of $3,914 in the revenue from the lease of Market premises is again distri- buted fairly evenly between the markets in Victoria with the exception of the Des Voeux Road Market, and is a natural and unavoidable increase. In the villages, an increase in the rentals in the Hunghom Market is evidence of the growth of population in the neighbour- hood. The rents of the other markets show no material change. Licences for the sale of food outside the market are issued by the Sanitary Board and account for an increase of $520.
The laundries at Wanchai which are let by the same Department produce an increased revenue of $425. In March the rents were raised from $10 a house to $15. There is a further decrease of $825 under the head of Certificates to Chinese entering Manila and the U. S. A. The issue of these certificates has been suspended for some time. The revenue from Marriages-an uncertain item-has again fallen.
The total expenditure during the year was $31,761.32, compared with $31,339.71 in 904. The actual expenditure fell short of the estimate by $4,417.68, of which, $3,800 omes under the head of Exchange Compensation.
2.-Protection of Women and Girls.
(See Tables II a to IIƒ.)
(i.)—Women and Girls Protection Ordinance, No. 4 of 1897.
It is difficult to account for the number of women detained under warrant falling from 424 in 1904 to 262 in 1905. There are no grounds other than the figures given in the report for thinking the trade in women has received a check. On the other hand the change in the personnel of the examining officers does not account for it.
226
The number of runaway maid servants remains nearly the same, 22 as against 25 in 1904. 52 women and girls were sent to the Convents, to Schools or to the Refuge, as against 19 in 1904. This is evidence of a more liberal feeling on religious matters among the Chinese A new Table has been added to the report giving particulars regarding girls sent to the Italian Convent or to Miss EYRE's Refuge under the authority of section 35 of Ordinance 4 of 1897. Under this section a girl may be detained by the warrant of the Registrar General for two years or more in a Place of Refuge, and the publication of some return seems advisable.
The numbers of girls added to the list of those required to report themselves once a year or oftener was 7, as against 18 added in 1904. This is on the face of it satisfactory as it seems to mean that the number of young girls brought into the Colony for an immoral purpose is less than it was. The Registrar General is justified in requiring substantial security from the guardians in these cases, as the girls can be sold for very large sums.
Some insubordination among the inmates of the Po Leung Kuk shewed the necessity for amending the rules made under the Women and Girls Protection Ordinance, and on the 11th of September new rules were made by the Governor in Council for the places of refuge mentioned in the Women and Girls Protection Ordinance and for the women and girls residing therein.
The Italian Convent and Miss EYRE's Refuge are now declared to be places of refuge under the Ordinance and any doubt as to the legality of the Registrar General placing girls in them is removed.
Whilst the inmates of the Po Leung Kuk are as a rule perfectly amenable to discipl it was felt advisable that express powers of control and punishment should be given to managers.
(ii.)-Po Leung Kuk Incorporation Ordinance, No. 6 of 1893.
The report of the Society, for the year 1905, will be found in Appendix A to this Report
The Permanent Board of Directors consists of the following members :-
Ex-Officio Members:-
W
The Registrar General.
The two Chinese Members of Legislative Council.
Other Members :-
1. Chan Pan Po, appointed 26th June, 1893.
2. Lau Shai Chak
,;
3. Leung Pui Chi
""
""
4. Ip Oi Shan
14th August, 1896.
. Li Sau Hin
""
17th July, 1897.
6. Ku Fai Shan
26th October, 1905.
"1
ĩ. Chiu Chau Sam 8. (Vacant.)
23rd November, 1905.
""
3.--Emigration. Chinese Emigration Ordinance, No. 1 of 1889.
(See Tables III a and b.)
Out of 11,231 persons examined by the Registrar General before embarkation, 78 or 0.69 per cent. were detained for enquiries, as against 135 or 1.2 per cent. in 1904. Of these, 27 or 34 per cent. were ultimately allowed to leave without any order being made, as against 55 per cent in 1904.
A return is inserted in this Report showing the occupations of female emigrants. Servant or seamstress is the usual occupation given by single women. Only two describe themselves as miners, but I understand many more go in gangs to get work in the tin mines.
227
Over 97 per cent. of the emigrants proceed to the Straits Settlements. The present state of the law relating to Third Class adult male Chinese passengers is held by many parties concerned to be susceptible of amendment. Considering the volume of the emigration. and the benefits that occur to the Straits Settlements and to the Canton Province one recalls how it has been said that:-"It is the nature of all greatness not to be exact; and great "trade will always be attended with considerable abuses. The contraband will always keep 66 pace in some measure with the fair trade. It should stand as a fundamental maxim, that no vulgar precaution ought to be employed in the cure of evils which are closely connected "with the cause of our prosperity.' On the other hand the importance of maintaining Hongkong in good report among the Chinese must not be under-rated. Chinese public opinion would approve almost any precaution taken to prevent kidnapping, and I am con- stantly being urged to recommend more stringent regulations.
66
Whatever the labourers themselves may think about it there is no doubt that audible public opinion in China regards indentured labour as very close to slavery, and has not for- gotten the horrors of the coolie trade to Peru.
The time spent in examination of emigrants was about 103 hours.
The bye-laws relating to Emigration Houses were revised during the year (see Govern- ment Notifications Nos. 341 and 441 of 1905). During the year 52 hotel-licences and 24 licences for emigration houses for males were issued. At the end of the year there were 49 hotels and 18 emigration houses licensed, as against 48 hotels and 14 emigration houses at the close of 1904. The 49 hotels may legally accommodate 3,385 persons and they employ 770 servants. The 18 emigration houses may legally accommodate 322 persons, but as they employ 72 servants the number of emigrants who can be accommodated at one time is only 250.
But this is an improvement on 1904, when there was accommodation for not more than 175 emigrants.
4. Regulation of Chinese. Ordinance No. 3 of 1888.
(i.)-Registration of Householders.
(See Tables IV a and b.)
The number of certificates issued and the number of changes of tenancy reported remain about the same. It has been suggested to me from more than one quarter that registration should be extended to Yaumati and Hunghom.
(ii)-District Watchmen.
(See Tables V a and b2)
The new Watchmen's Quarters in Saiyingpun were completed at a cost of $5,360 and were occupied on the 1st August. The new quarters in Nullah Lane were occupied on the same date. Their total cost was $4,500. A contract for an addition to the Central District Watchmen's House at Taipingshan at a cost of $3,750 was entered into during the year and the work was to be completed by the close of the Chinese Year.
The balance to the credit of the Fund on the 31st December was $9,452, as against $15,938 for the preceding year. The decrease is accounted for by the sum spent on build- ing. Contributions shew an increase of $83; expenditure an increase of $9,890.
The number of the Force remains the same, as does the rate of pay. I am pleased to be able to report that dismissals are fewer in number by two and resignations by eight during the year. Two hundred and four (204) convictions were obtained before the Police Magistrate through the instrumentality of the District Watchmen. thirteen applications for the post of District Watchman were received.
One hundred and
The District Watchmen Committee met ten times during the year. In November instructions were issued by His Excellency the Governor regarding the constitution and
:
228
functions of the Committee, (see 8345/05 C.S.O.). Appointments are held for five years. The list of present members and the dates of their appointments are given below :--
Chairman:
The Registrar General.
Other Members:-
The Hon. Dr. Ho KAI, C.M.G., appointed 1st December, 1891.
LEUNG PUI CHI,.
CHAN PAN PO,
TSEUNG SZ KAI,.
LAU YAM CHỦNG HO FUK,
FUNG WA CHÜN,
LI PAK,
"}
""
19
17
21
""
"
14th July, 1898.
21
30th May, 1900.
U HOI CHAU,
....
LAU CHU PAS,
**
29th November, 1901.
22
6th February, 1902.
The Hon. Mr. WEI YUK,
""
28th February, 1903.
TONG LAI CHUEN,
27th October, 1905.
"}
CHAN CHUN CHUEN,
22nd November, 1905.
""
(iii.)-Permits.
The nature and number of permits issued during the year were as follows:-
To fire crackers for marriages,
other occasions,
To hold processions,
To perform theatricals,
To hold religious ceremonies,.
Total,
292
171
463
22
34
42
561
Permits to hold religious ceremonies and theatrical performances in the New Territory north of the Kowloon Range are issued by the Assistant Superintendent of Police at Taipo.
5.-Population.
Marriages. Ordinance No. 7 of 1875 as amended by Ordinance No. 15 of 1902 and Ordinance No. 6 of 1903.
The number of marriages solemnized during the year was 149. as compared with 131 in 1904. Thirty-one marriages were contracted at the Registrar General's Office. 292 permits were issued to fire crackers on the occasion of Chinese Marriages, as against 335 in 1904. The Rosary Church, Kowloon, was licensed during the year for the solemnization of marriages.
Births and Deaths. Ordinance No. 7 of 1896.
(Tables VI a and b.)
For full particulars regarding these, reference should be made this year and in future to the Annual Report of the Medical Officer of Health.
The Births registered during the year were as follows:
Males.
Females. Total.
Chinese,... Non-Chinese,
676
312
988
153
148
301
829
460
1,289
229
The opening of registration offices at East Point and West Point has been a great convenience; during the year 368 registrations were made at these two offices. The returns do not yet show clearly whether more births have been registered than would have. been the case without these offices. The Chinese births registered in Victoria during the last ten years were
Number of Births registered.
Year.
1896,.
1897.
.་ . ་
1898,
1899.
1900,
1901.
1902.
1903,
1904,
1905,
.738
.858
778
....
.684
..544
...663
.738
..550
•
622 *
605
The number of deaths registered during the year was :—
Chinese,.. Non-Chinese,
6,290
302
Total,.
..6,592
Exhumations.
Three hundred and eighty permits were issued to exhume human remains for removal to China or for re-burial in the Colony.
Removals of Bodies from Colony.
Six hundred and seventy certificates were issued by the Police for the removal of bodies from the Colony, as against 610 in 1904.
6. Vaccination. Ordinance No. 2 of 1890.
(See Tables VIIa to VIId.)
The number of reminders issued during the year was 449, as compared with 298 in 1904. Reminders are now being issued to parents in the villages.
One satisfactory feature of the returns is the large number of vaccinations performed by the Tung Wa Hospital vaccinators in the villages. The number has increased from 164 in 1904 to 324 in 1905.
7.---Registration of Books. Ordinance No. 2 of 1888.
Sixty-nine books were registered during the year, as compared with 59 in 1904.
8.-Copyright in Works of the Fine Arts. Ordinance No. 17 of 1901.
One work-the first-was registered during the year. It consisted of a set of picture post-cards.
* The two district registries were opened on 1st July, 1904. .
230
9.-Certificates of Identity to Chinese entering the United States of America, &c.
Ordinance No. 3 of 1898.
-The number of certificates issued during the years 1904 and 1905 was :--
:.
1904.
1905.
To the United States,
1
""
11
Hawaiian Islands, Philippines,
2
0
22
6
32
7
10.-Chinese Postal Hongs and Chinese Postmen.
Government Notifications Nos. 273 and 274 of 1902.
The number of Postal Hongs licensed during the year was 50 and of letter-carriers 130, as against 36 and 137 in 1904.
From the 1st May next the licensing will be transferred to the Post Office.
11. Tung Wah Hospital. Ordinances No. 1 of 1870 and No. 9 of 1904.
(See Tables VIII a to VIII e and Appendix B.)
The names of the Directors of the Tung Wah Hospital elected on the 19th November, 1905, are:
Tang Chi Ngong, of the Hung Ue Bank, Chairman. Pang Chin Wan, of the Kwan Yik Tai Firm.
Leung Ngan Pan, of Mei Kee & Co.
*
Ng Li Hing, of the Ng Yuen Hing Firm.
Tang Lap Ting, of the Wing Cheung Chán Firm.
Chan King Wan, of the Yau Cheung Firm.
Kwan Tso Ching, of the Pacific Steamship Co.
Chan Ngok Lim, of the I On Insurance Co.
Ip Shun Kam, of Reiss & Co.
She Po Sham, of the Hongkong Hotel. Tsui Oi Tong, of the Hang Shang Pawnshop. Chan Lin Sz, of the Him Yik.
Chu Tsz Hing, of the Tak Shing Firm. Cheung Tso Ting, of the Tseung Hing Firm. Li Shiu Cho, of the Tai Lung Firm.
Cheung Lai Po, of the Yan Cheung Firm.
The accounts will be found in Appendix B.
The Chairman and the two members who are jointly responsible with him for the funds of the Hospital are now elected by the Committee and not by the subscribers.
The funds of the Hospital are in a satisfactory condition, the credit balance being increased during the year by $1,900. The expenditure for the year was $67,644, as against $64,250 in 1903. The increase is partly due to additional expenditure on the Plague Hospital in order that the Hospital may be available at any time.
The practice of placing bodies in the streets particularly those of infants, had become such a public scandal that in March last Mr. FUNG WA CHUN and Mr. LAU CHU PAK, Mem- bers of the Saintary Board, consulted me as to what steps could be taken to stop it. The growth of the practice is due to dread of the consequences of death having resulted from plague, and it was decided to try what could be done to lessen this fear. Application was made for permission for the Tung Wah Hospital to open offices in various parts of the town and to have in attendance a licentiate of the Chinese College of Medicine and an interpreter ; sick persons would then have their complaint diagnosed by a competent doctor, and in case of infectious disease (where the removal of the patient and the disinfection of the premises were
:
231
necessary) the relatives would have the assistance of an interpreter to tell them exactly what was to be done and interpret their wishes. Permission was obtained also for the removal of dead infants to the offices and a reward of a dollar is offered in each case.
Two offices are now open, the one at No. 42 First Street and the other at No. 205 Queen's Road East. Ambulances are provided and coolies, for the removal of sick persons to hospital. Details of the work done and of the receipts and expenditure will be found in Tables VIII b and c.
The wildest rumours travel quickly enough among the Chinese but although every endeavour was made to give publicity to the opening of these offices, I have had frequent proof that much more requires to be done. I do not anticipate that the objects and benefits of the scheme will become fully known, for another two or three years, and feel that the progress so far made is satisfactory.
In December a piece of land in Kau U Fong was bought on which to build another office for the central part of the town.
The management is in the hands of a Committee consisting of the Registrar General, Mr. FUNG WA CHUN, Mr. LAU CHU-PAK, and the Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital.
A similar office was opened in Kowloon City by the district elders and has been well supported and has done very useful work. A plague hospital is also maintained but fortunately there has so far been no occasion to use it.
12. Chinese Recreation Ground. (See Table IX).
The Committee of management of this Ground are the Registrar General, the Hon. Dr. HO KAI, C.M.G., and the Hon. Mr. WEI YUK.
13.--Passage Money Fund. (See Table X).
The fund is used as far as possible exclusively for the use of women and children.
14. Registrar General's Office Charitable Fund.
A small fund is in process of formation for the assistance principally of disabled work- men and widows.
15. Legislation.
The following Ordinances passed in 1905 more particularly affect the Chinese Com- munity and the Department:-
No. 1.-The Sugar Convention Amendment Ordinance. No. 3.-The New Territories Land Ordinance.
No. 5.-The Merchant Shipping Amendment Ordinance.
No. 6.-The Women and Girls Amendment Ordinance.
No. 9.-The New Territories Land Amendment Ordinance.
No. 10. The Married Women (Maintenance in case of Desertion) Ordinance.
None of these Ordinances with the exception of Nos. 6 and 10 calls for comment in this Report.
In Eastern countries where early marriages are not uncommon, the age of consent is a very delicate question to handle. It was gratifying for me to be able to report that Chinese public opinion was not opposed to the proposals made at the close of section 3 of my last year's report, and Ordinance No. 6 gives effect to these proposals.
Ordinance No. 10 fills up a blank in our local law, and disputes between husband and wife as to desertion and maintenance can now be settled authoritatively by the Magistrate.
232
16.-Prosecutions.
(See Table XI).
Table XI is not a full list of prosecutions under these Ordinances but only of such as were undertaken or might have been undertaken by this Department.
17.-Interpretation Sub-Department.
Government Notification No. 581 of 1901.
(See Table XII).
The Interpretation Department consists of 21 posts in addition to the Sergeant Inter- preters in the Police Department and the Inspectors' Interpreters in the Sanitary Department (see General Order No. 16).
During the year six Student Interpreters passed the examination for a third class certificate and received appointments-one in the Registrar General's Office, three in the Police, and two in the Sanitary Department. Five new Student Interpreters were appointed, and at the close of the year there were seven Student Interpreters still pursuing their course of study. A full list of all the Student Interpreters is given in Table XII.
18.-Staff.
1.—The Registrar General was absent on vacation leave from 1st July to 27th Septem- ber, and Mr. IRVING, Inspector of Schools, acted during his absence.
2.-Assistant Registrar General :-Mr. FLETCHER acted until the 7th March, Mr. ORME acted from the 8th March to the 3rd April, Mr. Wood from 4th April to 9th August, Mr. BALL from the 10th August to the close of the year.
3. Inspector under the Women and Girls Protection Ordinance:-Mr. HUDSON resigned on the 10th March and Sergeant BROWNE was seconded to the post from the Police on the 11th March.
4. Registration Clerk (Class VIII) :-Mr. Li Kwok died on the 17th June, and Mr. CHENG KI HEUNG was appointed on the 9th October.
A
5. Translator:-Mr. CH'AN PUI was transferred to the Harbour Department on the 17th May, 1905. The post was not filled up permanently during the year.
6.-Second Interpreter :-Mr. Lo KAM CHAK resigned on the 31st March, and Mr. TANG TAT HUNG was appointed on the 1st April.
7.-Emigration Clerk :-Mr. WONG KAI LEUNG was transferred to the Public Works Department on the 31st July, and Mr. FUNG HON was appointed on the 29th July.
28th February, 1906.
A. W. BREWIN,
Registrar General.
}
Ordinance under which received.
233
Table I a.
Revenue for the years 1904 and 1905.
Description.
Revenne in 1904.
Revenne in
Decrease. Increase.
1905.
C.
$
C.
C.
633
c.
Ordinance No. 8 of 1887,
Ordinance No. 3 of 1898, Regulations under Ordinance No. 10
of 1899,
Ordinance No. 3 of 1888,
Ordinance No. 8 of 1887, Ordinance No. 7 of 1896,
Ordinance No. 15 of 1902,
Ordinance No. 1 of 1903,
Miscellaneous,.
Regulations under Ordinance No.
1 of 1889,
Hawkers.
Chinese Undertakers,
Certificates to Chinese enter- | } ing Manila and the U.S.A., |}
Boats,:.
Householders Registration, Re-registration, ...
Extracts,
Money Changers, Births and Deaths, Marriages, Markets,
Market Licences, Laundries.
Chinese Gazette,
25,536.00
420.00
27,564,00 480.00
2,028.00 60.00
1,025.00
200.00
825.00
23,934.20
23,844.00
90.20
►
438.00 1,489.00
423.00
15.00
1,514.00
27.00
Removals,
26.25 44.25
34.25
8.00
48.00
3.75
1,120.00
1,040.00
80.00
526.00 1,517.00
561.10
35.10
1,339.00
178.00
101.310.23
105,224.45
3,914.22
4.565.90
5,085.67
519.77
1,200.00
1,625.00
425.00
31.00
26.00
5.00
Refunds, &c...
26.83
3.02
23.81
Forfeitures,
600.00
564.40
35.60
Emigration Houses,
2,820.00
2,860.00
40.00
+
Regulations under Ordinance No.
Chinese Postmen and Postal
454.00
510.00
56.00
6 of 1900,
Hongs,
Totals,...
Deduct. Decrease,
Total Increase in 1905,
167,083.66
172,947.89 1,252,61
7,116.84
1,252.61
5,864.23
Table I b.
Fees from Bouts.
Cargo Boats, Lighters,
Other Boats.
Rowing Boats,
$12,395.50
2,045.00
2,100.55
5,953.45
Water Boats,
647.00
Fish-drying Hulks,
Cinder Boats, Bum Boats and Hawker Boats,
445.00
257.50
Total,
$23,844.00
234
Table I c.
Number of Boat Licences of various descriptions issued during the year 1905.
CLASS.
Description.
TOTAL.
DUPLICATES.
1.
2.
3. 4.
5.
6.
Passenger Boats,
24 624
696 103
...
Passenger Village Boats,
1,447 999
Cargo Boats,
279
253 487
699
Lighters,
1
16
6
42 20
...
Cinder Boats, &c.,
1
4
49
89
114
...
1,718 85 257
Water Boats,
10
10
63
12
95
Fish-drying Hulks,
7 34
41
Other Boats,
44
22
108 100 205
42
521
Total,.
7
5,163
8
Table I d.
Revenue from the Markets, and the number of shops and stalls occupied and
unoccupied at the end of 1905.
Markets.
Central,
Revenue.
Shop and Stalls.
Occupied.
Unoccupied.
.$ 48,948.31
305
0
Western,
Saiyingpun, Wan Tsai,
Sokonpo,
Shektongtsui,
28,145.36
160
0
12,524.82
71
0
3,905.85
83
1
1,340.20
49
13
531.00
28
2
Shaukiwan,
844.20
35
0
Yaumati,
5,381.98
83
1
Hunghom,
2,270.28
57
0
Taikoktsui,
441.05
21
11
Des Voeux Road,
891.40
8
34
Total,
$105,224.45
900
62
:
1
235
Table II a.
Number of women and girls admitted to the Po Leung Kuk during the year and the arrangements made regarding them.
:
74
74.
49
14
مهر
:
:
74 20
10
:
| Died.
Total
23
11
210 2
74
26
69
3 61 41 13501404
:
23
Total,
528 241
81
18
65
16
| 51
7 2224 528 143 19 26
73
3 84 52 15 60 3478 ·
Admitted during the year,
454
191
71
18
61
15
47
7 22 22 454 123 17
In the Po Leung Kuk on 1st)
January, 1905,
Remaining in the Po Leung
Kuk on the 31st December, 190€.......
50
116
27
15
:
A
10
:
:
1
50
Table II b.
Number of women and girls detained under warrant after enquiry in the Registrar General's Office by the Registrar General and arrangements made regarding them.
Detained previous to
Detained
Total.
1st January, during 1905.
1905.
Permitted to leave, Restored to husband,
29
67
96
1
11
12
Restored to relatives,
4
19
23
Sent to native place,
11
11
Married,
31
38
Adopted,
15
17
Sent to School and Convent,
9
14
Placed in charge of Consul for Japan,.
1
1
Died,
1
1
Cases under consideration,
27
27
49
191
240
236
Table II C.
Number of Emigrants detained under warrant by the Registrar General
after enquiry, and arrangements made regarding them.
Permitted to leave, Restored to husband, Restored to relatives, Sent to native place, Married,
Sent to School,...
Cases under consideration,
Detained previous to
Detained during 1905.
1st January Professed | Respectable
Total.
women.
1905.
prostitutes.
6
16
11
27
1
1
2
...
1
3
4
237
3
5
9
12
2
9
1
1
15
15
14
44
27
71
Table II d.
'Particulars regarding girls who are required to report themselves to the Registrar General.
Total
Added
Removed
Brought forward.
during Total. from
1905.
31st December
list.
1905.
Required to report themselves quarterly, . 5
""
""
">
half-yearly,.
once a year,.
15
100 00
Married, Sent to school, Lost sight of,
*
Total,
01 10
2
7
7
5
20
6
14
8
8
28
7
35
6
29
*Bond forfeited.
3
2
1
6
f.
No.
No.
237
Table II e.
Number of persons reported to the Po Leuny Kuk as missing, and of those who have been
reported as recovered during the year 1905.
S
:
Missing.
Recovered.
MEN.
Boys.
TOTAL.
WOMEN.
GIRLS.
TOTAL.
Missing.
Recovered.
Missing.
Recovered.
Missing.
Recovered.
Hongkong,
11
55
11
China and Macao, ...
97
30
101 31
888
102 22
62
64
60
Total,
144
15
85
12
203
53
: 122
.
CO
Missing.
Recovered.
Missing.
Recovered.
00
126
12
23
:
83
2
87
8
209 14
Table II f.
Girls detained under authority of Section 35 of Ordinance No. 4 of 1897.
Sent to the Italian Convent.
643
Wong Tsoi,
610
Chan Lin Ho,
83
Pun Hau Yuk,
50
Chan Kwai Sin,..
378
Wong Ngan,
120
37
Chan Tsoi Fung, Chan Wun Tsoi,
230
223
251
252
Ip Lai Yung,.... Wong Chau Lin, Wong Yun,
Ho Tai Tsoi,
301
Yau Kwai Ho,
170
Chan Tại Hi,....
345
Cheung Chiu Wan,
292 .297
Ching Sin To,
Chau Lan Fa,
.
Name.
Sent to Miss Eyre's Refuge.
Name.
When sent.
10th February, 1905. 19th
""
9th March, 15th 22 22nd June,
""
When sent.
17th
May, 1905.
15th June,
""
22nd July, 22nd
""
19th September,
19th 19th
""
27
""
14th October,
""
24th
-39
2nd December,
2nd
238
Table III a.
Number of female passengers and boys examined and passed before the Registrar General under "The Chinese Emigration Ordinance, 1889," during the
WHITHER BOUND.
WOMEN AND GIRLS.
Boys.
year 1905.
TOTAL.
.....
Callao, Honolulu,
1
37
38
5
9
Japan,
2
London,
8
.8
Mauritius,
30
32
62
Reunion,
2
2
...
Salina Cruz,
1
19
20
San Francisco, U. S. A.,
24
61
85
Straits Settlements,
Vancouver, B. C.,...
9,222
1,748
10,970
4
29
33
Victoria,
2
2
9,289
1,942
11.231
Table III b.
Occupations of Female Emigrants in the year 1905.
16 YEARS AND OVER.
With husband or other relative,
To join husband or other relative,
Actress.
Farmer,
Hairdresser,
Miner,
Money collector,
Nun,
Opium divan keeper,
Prostitute,..
Seamstress,
Servant,
Teacher,
With parents, With other relatives,
1,706
2,997
2
5
35
2
1
10
1
711
530
2,403
2
Total,
8,405
UNDER 16 YEARS.
813
71
Total,
884
Grand Total,
9,289
239
Table IV a.
Number of Householders' Certificates, &c., issued during the year 1905.
DISTRICTS.
1
2
H
5
6
7
8
10
Total.
First Registration of Householders, Re-registration of Householders, Extract from Householders' Register, Removal of Householders,. Duplicates of Householders' Certificates,...
Total,..
43 147 555 177 299 985 93 152
37 8 3 5 58
4
9
17
38 105 458 153 159 364
137
76
141
16 2
1,516
1
56 10 79 32
3
184
3
1
32 11 55 31
2
137
2
3 1
1
1
8
33
2 1,986
Moved in. Removed,
Total,.
Table IV b.
Changes of Tenancy reported during the
1
2
year
1905.
DISTRICTS.
6
7
9
10
Total.
37 95 355 210 | 100. 540 32 91322 195 80 480
89 145 89 93
95
92
82
22 22
92 1,758
1,556
69 186 677 405 180 1,020 178 238 187 174
314
240
Table V a.
Statement of the Revenue and Expenditure of the District Watchmen's Fund, for the
year 1905.
C.
c. $
C.
To Balance,
15,938.23
By Wages and Salaries :-
:-
دو
Grant by Government,
2,000.00
Chief District Watchmen, Assistant Chief District Watchmen, District Watchmen,.
1,875.00
1,440.00
11.233.23
Contributions,
23,324.94
Cooks,
512.65
Coolies,
264.00
""
Fines,
40.50
Collector,
240.00
Manager,
96.00
">
Payments of Special Services,...
59.50
Writer,
60.00
,, Interest,.....
-15,720.88-
323.31
By Miscellaneous :-
دو
Premium on Exchange,
.24
Instructors' Allowance,
60.80
Coolie and Conveyance Hire,
90.48
Condemned Stores, .
3.90
Rewards and Gratuities,
52.00
27
Uniform and Equipment,
1,483.57
Furniture,
84.68
Fitting and Repairing District Watch- Į
303.61
men's Quarters,
Rent,
541.87
Crown Rent,..
5.10
Rates...
7.48
Water Account and House Service,
11.12
Erection of New Quarters at Sai Ying
10,347.30
Pun and Wanchai,
Extension to the Quarters at Tai Ping
Fing
2,000.00
1
Shan,
Premium on Fire Policies,.
470.81
Oil,
Stationery and Printing,
Photographs.....................
Loss on Exchange, Sundries,
360.00
129.69
9.00
462.85
96.66
16,517.02
Total Expenditure, Balance,....
.32,237.90
9,452.72
Total,
$41,690.62.
Total,........
.$41,690.62
Disposal of Balance :-
On Fixed Deposit,
At Current Account,
Cash in Hand,
$ 5,000.00 4,352.72 100.00
Total,
$ 9,452.72
Table V b. ті.
State of the District Watchmen's Force on 31st December, 1905.
The force consists at present of 95 men :-
6 Chief District Watchmen,...
6 Asst. Chief District Watchmen,
21 Watchmen,
10
Do.
47
Do.
5 Special Watchmen,
from $276.00 to $360.00 a year.
""
>
""
>"
216.00 to 240.00
""
at
180.00
150.00
•
120.00
""
3
180.00
17
1 Watchman receives $4.00 a month Extra pay.
7 Watchmen receive
During the year 13 Watchmen resigned.
2.00
15 were dismissed.
2 died.
28 entered the force.
35
Table VI a.
Births and Deaths registered during the year 1905.
BRITISH AND FOREIGN COMMUNITY.
CHINESE.
BIRTHS.
DEATHS.
BIRTHS.
DEATHS.
GRAND TOTAL.
BIRTHS. DEATHS.
DISTRICTS.
Boys.
Girls. Total. Males.
Females. Total. Boys. Girls. Total. Males. Females.
Sex
Unknown.
Total.
Victoria,
Kowloon,
119
126
245
190
58
248
424
181
635
2,613
1,880
4,531
850
4,779
34
**22
36
46
54
197
97
294
699
361
18
1,078
350
1,132
Shaukiwan,
21
11
82
258
171
429
32
429
Aberdeen,
Stanley,
TOTAL,
153
148
301
236
66
302
676
312
988
3,753
2,506
31
6,290
1,289
6,592
15
19
34
92
:
79
176
34
176
19
23
61
76
23
76
242
Table VI b.
Number of Births and Deaths registered at the various registration offices in the
Colony during the year 1905.
Registration Office.
Births. Deaths.
Total.
Registrar General's Office,
No. 2 Police Station,
No. 7 Police Station,
Shaukiwan,
Aberdeen,
Stanley.
Yaumati,
Kowloon City,
Shamshuipo,....
716
4,655
5,371
87
138
225
103
40
143
32
429
461
34
176
210
23
76
ཆ་·99
66
686
752
73
209
282
155
183
338
Total,
1,289
6,592
7,881
Table VII a.
Vaccinations performed during the year 1905 at the various
hospitals and in the villages.
Alice Memorial Hospital,
Nethersole Hospital,
The Gaol,
Government Civil Hospital,
Tung Wah Hospital:-
Tung Wah Hospital,
Aberdeen,
Shaukiwan,
Stanley,
Sheko,
Hung Hom, Yaumati, Shamshuipo,. Kaulung,
Total,
272
10
2,984
452
1,680
39
22
15
23
50
119
44
12
2,004
5,722
.
.
243
Table VII B.
Number of children born during the year 1904 who have been vaccinated,
and other particulars up to 31st December, 1905.
Number of Births,
Vaccinated, Unvaccinated: Dead,
Left the Colony, Cannot be found, Had Small-pox,
Certified unfit,. Insusceptible,..
Carried forward,
Total unvaccinated,
Total,
Non-Chinese.
Chinese.
263
516
212
285
16
17
677
21
48
156
3
51
263
:
NNIN
Table VII C.
Number of children born during the year 1905 who have been vaccinated, and other particulars.
Number of Births,
Vaccinated,
Unvaccinated :-
Dead,
Left the Colony,
Cannot be found, Had Small-pox, Certified unfit, Insusceptible,
Carried forward,
Total unvaccinated,
Total,.
Number liable,.
Number not yet liable,
Total,......
朔
!
Non-Chinese.
231
516
Chinese.
301
415
98
.99
29
9
11
30
1
57
...
4
11
6
158
203
203
316
301
415
163
242
138
173
301
415
Patients.
Remaining in
Hospital on
31st December,
1904.
Admitted.
244
Table VII d.
Number of Reminders to vaccinate sent out during the year and action
taken thereon.
Number of reminders issued,
Result of reminders:-
Vaccinated,
Unvaccinated:-
Dead,
Left the Colony,
Cannot be found,
Had Small-pox, Certified unfit, Insusceptible,
Carried forward,
Total unvaccinated,
Total,
Non-Chinese.
172
Chinese.
119
104
3
13
12
47
1
81
3
15
...
7
31
10
53
173
172
277
Table VIII a.
Number of Patients under treatment and other statistics concerning the
Tung Wah Hospital during the
year
1905.
Total under
Treatment.
Discharged.
Deaths.
Male,
111
2,409
2,520 1,471.
921
128
49,689
Female,
50
424
474
239
193
42
17,084
Remaining in
Hospital on 31st December, 1905.
Out-patients.
Vaccinations.
Dead bodies brought|| to Hospital Mortuary for burial.
Total,
161
2,833 2,994 1,710 1,114
170 66,773 1,680
551
946
Note.-In-patients treated by European methods during the year 1995, ............1,471.
:.
395
839
156
7
Destitutes
sent home.
277
245
Table VIII b.
Work done by the Tung Wah Hospital Branch Offices, Victoria and Kowloon.
VICTORIA.
KOWLOON CITY.
EAST POINT. WEST POINT.
TOTAL.
1. New Patients visited at their home.
117
59
176
195
""
>>
seen at the office,
491
352
843
124
Total,
608
411
1,019
319
2. Old Cases-(home),
46
30
76
56
(office),
152
94
246
49
Total,
198
124
322
105
3. Deaths reported, ...
48
23
4. Certificates of cause of death issued,
10
5
5. Infants brought to office, (alive),
3
13
Do..
(dead),
13
4
29195
71
1
65
16
17
Total,
16
17
33
6. Plague cases sent out of the Colony, 7. Houses cleansed in presence of clerk, 8. Patients sent to hospital,
0
11
121
9. Patients removed to hospital in am-
bulance,
43
29
10. Corpses removed to hospital or
Mortuary,
38
11. Coffins applied for,
28
INX 2 NN
1
22
33
1
88
209
7
78
3
22
60
22
50
12. Vaccinations at house,
1
Do.,
at office,.
Total,
14
14
1
2
4
18
15.
10
5
20
Notes. The offices in Victoria opened on the 1st April.
The office in Kowloon City opened on the 1st July.
The office in Kowloon City has not engagel any coolies. This work is done by coolies of the Sanitary
Department.
*
246
Table VIII (c).
TUNG WAH HOSPITAL BRANCH OFFICES.
Statement of Account ending 31st December, 1905.
RECEIPTS:
Subscriptions, Hongkong,
""
Kowloon,
Interest,
EXPENDITURE :—
Salaries and Wages,
Hongkong, $5,745.53 |
Kowloon, $1,200.00 f
Rents,......
Furniture,
Alteration to West Point Office,.
Stationery and printing,
Loss on exchange,
Cost of site at Kau U Fong,
Drugs, &c.,
Miscellaneous,
Kowloon City Office,
BALANCE:-
At current account,
Cash in hand,
Advance to offices,
Bad coin,
C.
C.
.$14,269.85 2,675.00
16,944.85 113.04
$17,057.89
6,945.53
379.93
613.00
238.58
374.82
229.40
3,426.00
698.60
768.94
1,411.40
15,086.20
1,852.83
53.41
40.00
25.45
1,971.69
Total,
$17,057.89
V
Table IX.
Receipts and Expenditure relative to the Chinese Recreation Ground for the year 1905.
To Balance,
**
Rent,....
$
e.
C.
5,276.61
By Salary of Collector,.
24.00
""
1,357.87 Wages of 3 District Watchmen,.
of Scavenger,
437.35
84.00
""
Uniform for Watchmen,
27.00
Oil.
12.00
Water used at the Cooking Stalls,.
87.50
"
Sundries, ..
4.51
""
Premium on Fire Insurance Policy,
8.16
Balance,
5,949.96
22
$6,634.48
$6,634.48
1905.
Jan. 1
To Balance on Fixed Deposit,
247
Table X.
Statement of Account of Passage Money Fund.
$ c. 1905.
$ c.
13
**
on Current Account,.
#
3:
Cash,
.$2,500.00 1,289.36 41.55
By Refund of Passage Money,
438.20
Gifts to 58 women on being married,.
130.00
**
to kidnapped destitute,
5.00
3,830.91
Assistance to 5 clestitutes,.
9.15
Passage Money received,
1,066.50
::
Interest on Fixed Deposit,
on Current Account,'
$100.00 16.12
to Leung Sham for Premium and Commission on Money Order $23.00 to Protector of Chinese, Singapore,
1.42
Cost of Telegram to Singapore.
8.85
Money Order to Protector of Chinese Singa-
116.12
pore (R. G. O. No. 104 of 1904),
5.30
وه
Alice Memorial Hospital,
50.00
Cheng Ma Shi 12 months' allowance...
69.00
19
Miscellaneous receipts, .
6.07
Pang Wa
36.00
:>
Kwong Hồ
24.00
•
"
Chan Cheung
24.00
27
Chan Shap
18.00
""
Li Shing 2 months' allowance,
2.00
Printing letter forms and Circulars. Balance on Fixed Deposit,
Current Account.. Cash,
3.50
.$3,500.00
625.48
78.70
4.204.18
$5,019.60
Table XI.
Prosecutions under Ordinance No. 3 of 1888, No. 1 of 1889, No. 2 of 1890, No. 7
of 1896 and No. 4 of 1897.
Offence.
ORDINANCE No. 3 of 1888.
Convicted.
No. of
Discharged.
Cases.
M.
F.
M.
F.
Bills-posting without permission,
Drums and Gongs-Night noises by beating,
Fireworks-Discharging without permits,
Processions-Organising in the Public Street without
permit,
༠༠༡༥ ོ
4
2
22
34
3
00 00
Chinese Theatre-Breach of conditions of Licence for, 10
ORDINANCE No. 1 of 1889.
Decoying men or boys into or away from the Colony, Keeping unlicensed Emigration Houses,
•
Neglecting to enter names of boarders on register,
Personating Emigrants,
ORDINANCE No. 2 of 1890.
Contraventions of, and offences under, (failing to pro-
duce proper certificates of vaccination),
7
1
G110 SOL
6
...
1
2
7
16
!
56
...
...
ORDINANCE No. 7 of 1896.
Failing to report Death,
....
Unlawful removal of bodies,
ORDINANCE No. 4 or 1897.
Abduction of girls under the age of 16 years, Decoying women and girls into or away from the
Colony,
4
13
24
4
3
7
4
2
1
18
Detaining, harbouring or receiving women or girls, Procuration of girls under age to have carnal con-
00.00
5
5
3
5
3
3
...
nexion,
4
2
1
2
1
Knowingly deriving profits from prostitution, letting
women out for hire, trading in them,
5
1
4
2
$5,019.60
No. 1906
14
HONGKONG.
REPORTS ON THE HEALTH AND SANITARY CONDITION OF THE COLONY OF HONGKONG, FOR THE YEAR 1905.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor,
Table of Contents:
Page.
259
...
GENERAL REPORT OF THE PRINCIPAL CIVIL MEDICAL OFFICER
AND THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH,
Table I.-Return showing the number and causes of deaths registered during
the year ended the 31st day of December, 1905,... Table II.-Number of cases of notifiable disease recorded in each month of
the year,
...
Table III-Plague return for the year,
Table IV.-List of prosecutions during the year,
....
...
...
...
...
...
270
280
...
281
...
282
283
289
305
ASTEXE A.-REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH ON PLAGUE IN 1905,
Table I.-Cases of rat and human Plague-July 31st, 1904, to August 5th,
1905,
•
Table II-Register of Plague cases,
...
..
EXE B.-REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF THE GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL, 311 Table I. Admissions info and deaths in the Government Civil Hospital
during each month of the year,
Table II.→→→→ perations performed in the Government Civil Hospital, Table III.-Diseases and Deaths in the Government Civil Hospital.... Table IV-Monthly admissions into and Deaths in the Government Maternity
Hospital,
...
...
Table V.- Varieties of Malarial Fever met with monthly in the Government
Civil Hospital,
319
320
321
322
322
...
Table VI.—Admissions into and deaths in the Government Civil Hospital
from the Police for the last ten years, Table VII.-Sick Rate and Mortality Rate in the different Sections of the
Police for the last ten years, Table VIII. Admissions into and Deaths in the Government Civil Hospital
from the Police during each month of the year, ..... Table IX.--Admissions for Malarial Fever from the most important Police
Stations in the New Territory compared with Strength, Table X.-Admissions for Malarial Fever from each Police Station during
each month of the year,
323
...
...
...
...
323
...
...
323
...
324
...
...
...
Appendix.-Notes on Cases,
324
325
...
ANNEXE C.-REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER IN CHARGE OF THE VICTORIA
HOSPITAL FOR WOMEN AND CHILDREN,
328
329
...
330
Table I.-Diseases and Deaths at the Victoria Hospital in 1905, Table II--Average daily number of Inmates of the Victoria Hospital during
each month of the years 1904 and 1905,
(256)
ANNEXE D.-REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER IN CHARGE OF THE GOVERNMENT
LUNATIC ASYLUMS,
Page.
331
Table I.-Diseases and Deaths,...
333
...
...
Table II.-Birth-places and Diseases of those under Treatment, Table III.-Occupations of those under Treatment,
334
...
...
...
ANNEXE E.-REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER IN CHARGE OF THE HOSPITALS FOR
INFECTIOUS DISEASES,
...
...
...
335
336
Table I. Small-pox: condition as regards Vaccination in relation to variety, 344 Table II.-Diseases treated in Kennedy Town Hospital,
Table III.-Diseases treated on board the Hulk "Hygeia Table IV.
V
Cases of Plague,
Table Deaths from Plague,
Table VI.-Analysis of Plague deaths,
Table VI.-Distribution of Plague buboes,
Table VIII.--Age Incidence of Plague cases, ...
Table IX.-Age Incidence of Plague deaths,
...
•
344
... 344
345
345
...
...
...
...
345
346
346
346
347
...
ANNEXE F-REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER IN CHARGE OF VICTORIA Gaol,
Table I.-Diseases and Deaths in Victoria Gao! Hospital, Table II.-Rate of Sickness and Mortality in Victoria Gaol,......... Table III.-Number and Results of Vaccinations in Victoria Gaol during
the past ten years, Table IV.-General statisties connected with Victoria Gaol and the Gaol
Hospital during the past ten years,
...
...
ANNEXE G.—REFORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER IN THE NEW TERRITORIES,
Table I.-Diseases treated at Dispensary,
...
348
348
...
...
349
...
349
...
350
350
ANNEXE H.-REPORT OF THE INSPECTING MEDICAL OFFICER TO THE TUNG WAH
HOSPITAL,
...
351
Table I.—Diseases and Deaths in the Tung Wah Hospital during the year,... 353 Table II.—Admissions and Mortality in the Tung Wah Hospital during the year with the proportion of cases treated by European and Chinese methods respectively, Table III.-General statistics relating to the Tung Wah Hospital during the
year,...
...
...
...
...
354
355
...
355
Table IV-Vaccinations at, and in connection with, the Tung Wah Hospital
during the year,
ANNEXE I.-REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT OF THE ALICE MEMORIAL AND
NETHERSOLE HOSPITALS,
...
...
356
...
356
Table I.—Alice Memorial Hospital-Return of Diseases and Deaths, Table II.-Alice Memorial Maternity Hospital-Return of Diseases and Deaths, 356 Table III.-Nethersole Hospital-Return of Diseases and Deaths,
ANNEXE J.-REPORT OF THE GOVERNMENT BACTERIOLOGIST,
The Public Mortuary,
Table I.--Source of bodies,
...
Table II.-Source of Plague bodies,
Table III-Return of causes of Death during the year,
Table IV.-General Diseases,
...
Table V.-Local Diseases,
Table VI.-Injuries,
...
...
...
...
357
...
358
360
361
361
...
362
...
...
362
362
...
364
364
Table VII.-Nationality of bodies brought to the Public Mortuary during
the year,
...
...
( 257 )
Table VIII-Return of causes of Death of bodies of nationalities other than
Page.
Chinese,
...
Pathological Investigations,
The Vaccine Institute,
Bacteriological Investigations,
...
...
...
Scientific Publications prepared during the year,
364
365
...
374
378
...
...
Appendix.-Report of the Medical Officer in charge of the Public Mortuary,
Kowloon,
Table I.-General Diseases,
Table II.-Local Diseases,
Table III.-Injuries,
...
...
...
380
384
385
385
...
... 386
...
...
...
Table IV.-Nationality of bodies brought to the Public Mortuary, Kowloon,
during the year,
386
...
ANNEXE K.-REPORT OF THE GOVERNMENT ANALYST,
Table I.-Result of the Monthly Analyses of Hongkong Public Water
Supplies,
?..
Table II.-Result of Analyses of waters from various sources,...
ANNEXE L.-REPORT OF THE COLONIAL VETERINARY SURGEON,...
ANNEXE M.-REPORT OF THE SANITARY SURVEYOR,
Table I.-Drainage and re-drainage,
Table II.-Repairs or additions, Table III.--Plans received,
387
390
... 391
392
396
...
...
397
...
398
...
398 -
Annexe M.
P: 396.
REPORT OF THE SANITARY SURVEYOR.
NEW HOUSE DRAINS.
1. Plans have been deposited and passed by me during the year for the drainage of 152 houses. The plans of 281 were carried forward from 1904, making a total of 433 in hand during the year.
2. The drainage of 189 houses has been completed and the plans for 25 have been cancelled, leaving 219 to carry forward to 1906.
RE-DRAINAGE AND ADDITIONS.
3. In addition to the above, plans for redrainage of or additions to the drainage of 90 houses were carried forward from 1904 and new plans have been received for 252 houses making a total of 342 for the year. Of these, 193 have been completed and 15 cancelled, leaving 136 to be carried forward to 1906.
4. A summary of the above is appended in Tables I, II and III.
INSPECTION OF PRIVATE HOUSE DRAINS.
>
5. The drains of 131 houses have been tested and reported on, in consequence of com- plaints having been received regarding them. Of this number, 129 required re-constructing, and 2 amending.
Notices were served on the owners of the above 131 houses calling upon them to execute the necessary work.
All of these have been complied with. 18,628 houses have been visited by the Drainage Inspectors with the result that 1,900 drainage nuisances have been discovered. 572 houses were found to have inadequate provision for carrying off rain water from the roofs.
Notices have been served in each case, on the owner or occupier, calling upon them to abate the nuisance.
All of these have been complied with. 38 nuisances have been referred to the Medical Officer of Health and 240 to the Hon. Director of Public Works to be dealt with by them.
582 choked drain traps on private property have been cleansed by the Drainage Foremen.
WATER-CLOSETS AND URINALS.
6. During the past year, water-closets and urinals have been erected in the following buildings, by permission of the Board, and have been connected to the public sewers:
Hotel Mansion,
Royal Building,
Gas Works New Premises,
Blackhead's Factory, Shaukiwan,
2 Pedder Street,
Kowloon Dock, Hunghom,
Water-closets. Urinals.
.24
7
15
2
f
1
0
1
6
3
0
51
14
NEW BUILDINGS.
7. Certificates have been granted during the year under Section 84 of Ordinance 13 of 1901, for 20 houses, certifying that they have been built in accordance with the entire provisions of that Ordinance.
397
CEMETERIES.
8. A small portion of the space reserved in Kennedy Town Cemetery has had to be used. There is only room for about 20 more bodies, and
and I intend to address a separate letter to the Board on this matter. The larger number of bodies dead of plague, have been buried in Cheung Sha Wan Cemetery, and at the end of the year, ground had been laid out for the reception of about 100 bodies. 5 new terraces have been formed in Sec. C. of Mount Davies Cemetery.
18 terraces have been formed in Sec. A., 12 in Sec. B., and 2 in Sec. C. of Mount Caroline Cemetery.
PROSECUTIONS.
9. The following is a return of the prosecutions instituted by me during the year :-
Offence.
Summons. Conviction.
Penalties.
Remarks.
Drainage Nuisance on private property, .
16
15
$110
1 dismissed.
Contravention of Sec. 132,.....
I
1
20
Failure to comply with No. 1 of the Domestic, Į Cleanliness and Ventilation Bye-laws,
6
6
80
Total,
23
22
$210
I dismissed.
Fear.
Table I.
DRAINAGE AND RE-DRAINAGE.
J. J. BRYAN.
No. of
Houses
No. of Houses
No. of Houses
Total.
No, in hund.
received.
passed.
cancelled.
Quarter.
Carried forward from
1st,
2nd,
45.
74
1904 and dealt
3rd,
1-
with in 1905,
4th,
18*
4
281
144
148
133
1st,
42
3
Received and dealt 2nd,
58
20
with in 1995,
3rd,
14
4th,
38
1
152
45
1993
21
66
86
Total,
433
189
25
211
219
I
Year.
398
Table II.
REPAIRS OR ADDITIONS.
No. of
No. of
No. of
Houses
Houses
reccived.
passed.
Houses
cancelled.
Total.
No. in hand.
Quarter.
Carried forward from
1st,
2nd,
21
22
1904 and dealt
3rd,
with in 1905,
4th,
╗༢} ཙཱཡ དཀྑ
90
55
62
28
1st,
61
3
Received
and dealt 2nd,
72
28
with in 1905.
3rd,
54
53
4th,
65
54
6
252
138
6
144
108
Total,.
342
193
13
206
136
Table III.
PLANS RECEIved.
Fear.
Plans received.
Houses drained.
Plans cancelled.
Houses cur” –
ried forward.
Certificates granted under Sec. 84 of Ord.
13 of 1901.
1889,
799
573
226
175
1890,
500
529
190
409
1891,
681
643
30
198
475
1892,
693
577
106
208
228
1893,
847
699
104
252
219
1894,
878
555
267
46
1895,
2,815
1,889
44
1,449
131
1896,
1,786
2,128
84
1,023
425
1897,
803
1,201
35
590
400
1898,
738
768
97
463
367
1899,
416
395
20
464
310
1900,
643
323
43
741
320
1901,
1,051
715
56
1.021
796
1902,
432
726
14
713
898
1903,
263
415
350
211
407
1904,
296
197
29
281
137
1905,
152
189
25
219
20
Total,
13,793
12,522
1,052
5,763
HONGKONG.
8
No. 1906
REPORT OF THE REGISTRAR OF THE SUPREME COURT FOR THE YEAR 1905.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
1.-ORIGINAL JURISDICTION.
The number of Actions instituted in this division of the Court during the Table I. year 1905 was 427, and there were 257 pending at the commencement of that year. Of these, 272 were disposed of during the year, 64 being settled or withdrawn before tria', and 257 being struck out of the Cause-Book as having been standing over generally for more than a year, leaving a balance of 154 undisposed of.
The total amount involved was $7,845,780.34.
The debts and damages recovered amounted to $2,651,983.63.
There were 3 Injunctions and Interim Injunction granted.
The total fees collected and paid into the Treasury amounted to $23,519.25.
2.-SUMMARY JURISDICTION.
The number of Actions instituted was 1,889 during the year 1905, and 394 Table I. were brought forward from 1904. Of these, 1,663 were disposed of, 752 being settled or withdrawn before trial, and 394 being struck out of the Cause-Book as having been standing over generally for more than a year, leaving a balance of 226.
The total amount involved was $749,169.34; and the total fees collected and paid into the Treasury amounted to $8.643.25.
The number of Distress Warrants for Rent issued was 435, representing Table II. aggregate unpaid Rents amounting to $46,259.92, of which the aggregate sum of $20,092 47 was recovered, 179 Warrants having been withdrawn on settlement between the parties.
The fees collected for issuing Distress Warrants and paid into the Treasury amounted to $2,800.
3.
CRIMINAL JURISDICTION.
There were 41 cases and 76 persons committed for trial at the Criminal Table III. Sessions.
The number of persons actually indicted was 71, of whom 54 were convicted and 17 were acquitted Against 5 persons no Indictments were filed, and they were discharged pursuant to the provisions of "The Criminal Procedure Amend- ment Ordinance, 1904."
4.- APPELLATE JURISDICTION.
There were 5 Appeals instituted during the year, being:
From the decision of the Chief Justice,
of the Puisne Judge,
""
11
""
""
Magistrates,
Table IV.
2
1
2
Of which 4 were disposed of, being
From the Chief Justice,
Magistrates,
leaving 1 pending.
5
10
NN
2
4
70
:
Table V.
Table VI.
Table VII.
One case was carried to the Privy Council, but no decision has yet reached the Colony.
Leave to appeal to the Privy Council was granted in the case of Tang Tsz U, Appellant, and The Attorney General, Respondent, commonly known as the Cheung Sha Wan case, on the 4th April. On the 27th July, the time for appealing, hav- ing expired, the Petition for leave was dismissed with costs on the application of the Respondent.
5.-ADMIRALTY JURISDICTION.
There were 9 Actions instituted, 2 of which were disposed of, 1 having been settled before trial, leaving 6 pending.
The number of vessels arrested was 3.
The total fees received and paid into the Treasury amounted to $818.50.
6. BANKRUPTCY JURISDICTION.
There were 64 Petitions filed, 47 being Creditors' Petitions and 17 being Peti- tions by the Debtors themselves.
The number of Receiving Orders made was 46, being 34 on Creditors' Petitions, and 12 on Debtors' Petitions.
+
The number of Public Examinations held was 16.
There were 28 Adjudications; and 2 Compositions were approved by the Court. There was one Discharge.
The aggregate amount of declared Assets was $1,867,768.51, and declared Liabilities $3,125,657.21. Of the declared Assets only $217,275.36 were recovered.
The fees paid into the Treasury amounted to $5,202.20, including the Official Receiver's commission as Trustee where no Trustee has been appointed by the Creditors.
A tabulated statement of the work done is attached to this Report.
7.-PROBATE AND ADMINSTRATION.
There were 180 Grants made by the Court, being :-
Probates,.
Letters of Administration,
84
96.
:
*180
Tables VIII & VIII(a.)
The aggregate value of the Estates was $4,837,794.24.
Probate duties amounted to $116,601.00. Court fees to $8.845.15 and Official Administrator's Commission paid into the Treasury to $2,158.53.
There were 49 Estates vested in, or administered by, the Official Administrator during the year, representing an aggregate value of $31,077.00.
11 Estates were wound up during the year, as against 25 in 1904, representing an aggregate value of $3,700.60.
8.-OFFICIAL TRUSTS.
The total number of Trust Estates in the hands of the Official Trustee at the end of 1905 was 19, and the aggregate amount of Trust funds $96,378.08 as against 23 Estates aggregating to $241,264.34 in 1904, and certain house property, viz., No. 6, Rednaxela Terrace.
66
9.-REGISTRATION OF COMPANIES.
The total number of Companies registered from the commencement of the Companies Ordinance, 1865" was 462 with an aggregate capital of $211,794,108. Of the 462 Companies on the Register some are defunct, some were not floated, and some were wound up, leaving 254 on the Register at the end of 1905 re- presenting an aggregate capital of $128,558,501.
There were 38 Companies registered in 1905, the revenue from which was :-
Registration Fees,
Filing and other Fees,
$6,167.50
1,415.50
$7,583.00
.
71
10. FEES AND COMMISSIONS.
The total sums collected during the year by way of Fees and Commissions Tables IX paid into the Treasury amounted to $61,984.69, as against $49,108.37 in the and IX (a.) previous year.
11. THE JUDGES.
The Puisne Judge, Mr. Justice ALFRED GASCOYNE WISE, returned from leave of absence on the 22nd May, and resumed his duties on the same day.
The Chief Justice, Mr. (now Sir) FRANCIS TAYLOR PIGGOTT, who was appointed to succeed Sir WILLIAM MEIGH GOODMAN (retired), arrived in the Colony on the 23rd May, and assumed the duties of his Office on the same day. Sir FRANCIS PIGGOTT received the honour of Knighthood on the 24th June, 1905.
12-COMMISSIONERS FOR OATHS, &c.
During the year the following gentlemen were appointed Commissioners for Oaths, &c., so long as they should hold their several offices, viz.:—
Mr. JOHN WILLIAM LEE-JONES, Deputy Registrar and Accountant, to be a Commissioner for taking acknowledgments by married women. of the Deeds to be executed by them.
Mr. GEORGE HERBERT WAKEMAN, Land Officer, to be a Commissioner to
administer Oaths, &c.
Mr. CHARLES ALEXANDER DICK MELBOURNE, Assistant Land Officer, to
be a Commissioner to administer Oaths, &c.
Mr. PHILLIP JACKS, Assistant Land Officer, to be a Commissioner to administer Oaths, &c., vice Mr. MELBOURNE whose Commission lapsed on his severance from the Land Office.
13.-STAFF.
The Registrar, Mr. ARATHOON SETH, received the honour of a Companionship of the Imperial Service Order on the 24th June, 1905.
Mr. JOSEPH HORSFORD KEMP, Deputy Registrar and Appraiser, acted as 2nd Magistrate from 20th March to 12th April when he proceeded to England on 3 months' vacation leave followed by 9 months' leave of absence on half salary, the discharge of the duties of his Office being arranged departmentally.
Mr. JAMES DYER BALL, First Chinese Interpreter, was appointed to act as Assistant Registrar General on the 10th August, his place being filled by Mr. LI HONG M1, the Second Interpreter, Mr. NICHOLAS GEORGE NOLAN, Interpreter at the Magistracy, taking the place of the latter.
4th April, 1906.
Table I.
ARATHOON SETH, Registrar.
RETURN OF CASES brought under the cognizance of the SUPREME Court of HONGKONG during the Year 1905.
ORIGINAL AND SUMMARY JURISDICTIONS.
JUDGMENT.
Jurisdiction.
In No. of Depen- Cases
dency in
in 1905. 1904.
Settled
or with-
Struck out,
Tutal.
Debt and Damages.
drawn
before
trial.
Plaintiff.
Defendant.
Nonsuit.
Struck out of the Cause-Book as
Dismissed having been stand- & lapsed ing over generally
Writs.
for more than
a year.
In Dependency.
Debt and
Damages recovered.
$
$
Original,......
Summary,
257
427*
681 7,845,780.34
64
195
4
1
257
154
2,651,983.63
...
394 1,889 2,283 749,169.34
752 784 53
15
59
391
226
188,469.12
* 1 Case transferred to Summary Jurisdiction.
}
72
Table II.
+
RETURN OF DISTRESS WARRANTS FOR RENT issuel during the
(Ordinance No. 1 of 1883.)
year
1905.
Number issued.
Sold to pay Claims.
Number withdrawn.'
Aggregate Rent involved.
Aggregate Sum recovered on sales.
435
256
179
$46,259.92
$20,092.47
Table III.
RETURN of CRIMINAL CASES tried in the SUPREME COUrt of Hongkong, during the Year 1905.
SENTENCE.
Cases
Charges abandoned.
postponed.
Number of Cases.
Number of Persons.
CRIME.
1
2
Arson,
12
2
1ཁུ མྦ 21སྱཱ 21ཡ:
Armed Robbery,
Assault with intent to rob,
Attempting to murder, Conspiracy...
Defiling a girl under 12.
2 Demanding money with menaces,
2
=.2|མ:
Detaining for ransom..
Disobeying an Order of Banishment,
1 Embezzlement
His Majesty,
by person in the Public Service of
Manslaughter, (a)
Murder,
Perjury,
18 Robbery,.
Robbery with violence,
.......
Setting fire to a dwelling-house,
Throwing vitriol with intent to do grievous bodily
harm,.
Uttering a forged Bank note,
1 Uttering a forged will,
3 Wounding with intent to maim,
41
71
Note.-Of 76 Persons, ...
M: wi
---
Convicted.
Acquitted.
Death,
Death recorded.
over One Year.
Hard Labour
Year and under. Hard Labour One
Solitary Confinement-
Privately flogged.
No. of Cases.
No. of Persons.
No. of C'ases.
No. of Persons.
17
2
N
54 17 1
:
:
41
11
20
Five not indicted are included under the heading of Charges abandoned,"
APPEALS
COMMENCED.
(4) In one case the Prisoner was fined $500.
Table IV.
APPELLATE JURISDICTION.
APPEALS TRIED.
Number of Cases. No. of Cases.
5
4
71 were indicted.
5
76
JUDGMENT.
Appellant.
Respondent. Pending. Withdrawn.
4
1
Table V.
Actions instituted.
ADMIRALTY JURISDICTION.
Number heard.
Settled or withdrawn.
Pending.
9
2
1
6
In 3 actions the ships were arrested.
No.
Declared Liabili-
ties.
Assets Realised.
Remarks.
Date of Filing Petition.
· Date of Receiving Order or Administra- tion Order.
Table VI.
BANKRUTCY JURISDICTION.
RETURN OF BANKRUPTCIES during the year 1905.
Date of Adjudication. [or Scheme of Arrange- Declared Assets.
Date of Composition
ment if any.
1905.
73 -
123456
1905.
18th January,
1905.
9th February,
1905.
$
C.
6,874.75
......
18th
9th
9th March,
4,558.44
""
21st
24th
9th
*
93
2nd March,
2nd
16th "}
151,604.92
35,744.20
9,982 17
443,470.16
5,124.12
104.25
47,561.02
""
26th
28th January,
16th
9,885.20
21,520.80
2,452.54
""
30th
9th February,
9th
10,159.18
""
1st February,
17th
16th
10,163.77
"
29
3rd
23rd
9th
18,645.42
76.39
Administration Order. Debtor absconded.
Do.
Do.
}
Debtor abscondod.
Do.
Do.
"}
>"
9
7th
10
13th
9th March,
30th March,
Nil.
1,136.84
Petition withdrawn.
Debtor absconded. "
*
33
11
15th
""
23rd February,
11th May,
.12
16th
23rd
11th May,
1,570.00
32.42
5,087.20
180.66
556.15
102.12
>>
""
B
21st
14
24th
9th March,
9th
6th April,
1,959.91
30th March,
1,457.26
""
15
25th
9th
11,905.00
27,789.66
100.44
"}
16
27th
وو
17
28th
28th February,
6th April,
4,435 09
21,073.74
512.99
18
13th March,
16th March,
1,500.00
5,117 10
Nil.
19
17th
"
6th April,
4th May,
13,090.00
129,064.12
6,958.93
20
23rd 39
21
24th
30th March,
59
13th April,
6,500.00
5,000.00
100.37
22
25th
་་
6th April,
11th May,
96,266.35
95,245.25
530.35
23
28th
20th
15
24
30th
13th ""
25
5th April,
20th
""
26
7th
20th
","
""
27
8th
13th
,1
28
12th
""
29
26th
11th
4th May,
1st June,
3rd August, 1st June,
11th May,
136,718.98
183,168.74
1,034,007.58
988,416.78
Nil.
65,266.12
29,546 52
Debtor absconded.
Do.
Pending.
Petition withdrawn.
Debtor absconded. Pending.
No Receiving Order made.
Pending.
Receiving Order rescindel
71,600.00
43,629.36
1,072.74
12,550.00
25,000.00
2,200.19
1st
""
3,853.20
""
30
27th ".
31
17th May,
32
9th June,
6th July,
11th August,
Carried forward, .......
66,454.75
1,629,553.48
161,158.89
2,201,024.32
1,449.53
Debtor absconded. Adjudicati n Order aunulled. No Receiving Order made. Petition withdrawn. Consolidated with No. 35.
210,723,86
74
No.
Date of Filing Petition,
Date of Receiving Order or Administra- tion Order.
RETURN OF BANKRUPTCIES,—Continued.
Date of Composition or
Date of Adjudication. Scheme of Arrangement Declared Assets.
Declared
Liabilities.
Assets Realised.
Remarks.
if any.
1905.
1905.
1905.
1905.
$
Brought forward,...
33
9th June,
......
34
10th
30th June,
5th September,..
C.
1,629,553.48
35,000.00
33,680.26
$
2,201,024.32
210,723.86
185,000.00
71,887.09
2,903.98
35
14th
"
Nil.
36
23rd
37
24th
39
38
6th July,
20th July,
3rd August,
37,282.95
76,311.77
1,082.95
39
22nd
28th
6,900.00
89,535.53
40
27th
17th August,
Nil.
602.35
No Receiving Order made. Debtor absconded. Consolidated with No. 32. Petition withdrawn. Do.
Debtor since died.
Debtor absconded.
No Receiving Order made.
41
31st ""
42
31st
""
3rd August,
14th September,
3,110.10
17,187.88
331.96
43
28th August,
44
29th
49
45
13th September,
46
6th October,
26th September, 11th
30th October,
30th
1,680.00
2,709.68
Nil.
Receiving Order rescinded. Pending.
""
Pending.
23rd November,
8,169,34
11,390.74
61.03
""
47
6th
30th
7th October, 1905.....!
""
""
48
16th
49
23rd
30th October,
16,350,00
232,409.00
......
50
24th
8th November,
4th January, 1903..
11,862.01
61,054.34
10.73
51
24th
****
52
24th
""
53
27th
,,
54
28th.
"3
56
3rd November,
56
3rd
30th October, 23rd November,
23rd
14th December,
14th December,
5,811.07
€3,703.98
1,510.30
1,900.00
23,000.00
6,007.34
38,000.00
Nil.
Nil.
Administration Order consolidated with No. 54 Petition withdrawn.
Pending.
Pending.
Petition dismissed.
Do.
Consolidated with No. 47
Do.
Pending.
>>
"1
57
8th
68
8th
""
59
11th
23rd November,
""
63
24th
>>
61
30th
"}
8th February, 1906.)
62
2nd December,
63
6.1
8th
19th
14th December,
53,469.30
69,435.54
48.20
Pending.
Petition dismissed.
Do.
Pending. Debtor absconded.
l'etition dismissed. Pending.
Petition withdrawn.
Pending.
""
14th January, 1996........
Pending.
Total,.....$
1,867,768.51 3,125,657.21
217,275.36
G. H. WAKEMAN.
23rd February, 1906.
Official Receiver in Bankruptcy.
:
Table VII.
CALENDAR Of PROBATES and LETTERS of ADMINISTRATION granted by the SUPREME COURT of HONGKONG during the Year 1905.
75
Time and Place of Death.
No.
Date of
Grant.
Name of Testator or Intestate.
¡ 1905.
1
Jan. 4
Chu Lee alias Chu Ship Chuen alias Chu Man 18th May, 1904, at the Tung Wah Hospital, Victoria,
JA
Tin alias Chu Kau Mi, Herbert Smith,
Hongkong,
29th June, 1904, at Pier House, Charlestown St. Austell in the County of Cornwall, England,
GI
10
113
→
9 Kwok Sing Wo alias Kwok Wa Shu, Antonio Joaquim Yvanovich, 10 John George Hodgson, 10 | Erust Johann Martin Nolting
224
Florindo Dua te Guedes, Lo Siù Pok,
James Williamson,
12
12
13
"
17
William Nelson Lovatt,
10
17
Chan Ting Tsoi,
11
"}
26 | Ip Wong Shi,
12
26
1905.
Li Yaú Yang,
י,
12A Feb., 26* Yan Mee Cheong, «
ཝ་
Donald Hugh Mackenzie,
Chan Chu Lan,
Fredrick Snell Goodison,
13 Jan., 30
Yeung Cheuk Hin.
14 Feb.,
2
15
"
2
10
10
>
18
10
19
""
16
17
James Young, Heinr.ch Böger,
16 Robert Carnachan Hickie,
23rd July, 1904, at Tung Po village, l'un U District, China,
17th Dec., 1904, at the Peak Hospital, Hongkong, 17th June, 1904, at l'ortrush Anthrim, Ireland,
26th Sept.. 1901, at Shanghai, China,
12th Nov., 1901, Victoria, Hongkong, 24th Jan., 1904, at Honam, Canton, China,
15th Dec, 1904, at the Government Civil Hospital, Hong- kong,
9th July, 1904, at liankow, China,
10th Oct, 1904, at Ko Ming, Shiú Hing in the Empire - of China,
27th Dec., 1901, at Kowloon City in the Colony of Hong- kong,
9th July, 1896, at Swatow in the Empire of China,
10th Dec., 1889, at Ha Chow Village, Sanaing District in the Empire of China,
8th Jan, 1905, at Canton in the Empire of of China, 11th Oct., 1903, at Chefoo, China,
2nd Jan., 1905, at Shaukiwan, Hongkong, 12th Nov., 1904, at Kobe in the Empire of Japan,
7th Oct.. 1904, at Singapore in the Straits Settlements,... 3rd Jan., 1903, at Withington in the County of Lancas- ter, England,
4th May, 1904, at Grand Hotel Leysin, Switzerland,
Prob.te,
Sealing of attested copy of Exemplificat.
ion of Probate. Lette s of Adm.,
Probate.
I etters of Adm.,
Dr. Friedrich Krüger. Consul for Germany, Attorney of Henriette Elizabeth neé-Hanmaun, wi low and relict and sole heiress,
Maria Carlota de Souza Gueles. the lawful widow, Tang Foo Shan, Attorney of Lo Yaú Shi, the lawful widow, Mary Williamson, the lawful widow....
Nature of Grant.
Name and Description of Executor or Administrator.
Value sworn
under.
Amount of Pro'ate
duty paid.
c.
$
Chú Shiú Tong alias Chu Shu Nam, the natural and lawful eldest son....
John Currie Hanson, Solicitor,
74.400 (0
9,900.00
2,232
198
Kwok Chiú Kin one of the natural and lawful children and next of kin.
2.200.00
::
Guilherme Yvanovich, the lawful brother,..
2,000.00
40
:
Scaling of certified: copy of Probate,
John Hodgs n Lobley, nephew, & John Percival Gamon, Solicitor....
12.900.00
887
Letters of Adın., cum' testamento aNNCXO,
500.00
9,100.00
182
12,900.00
887
300.00
Sealing of Copy of Exem- plification of Probate. Letters of Adm.,
Jennie Lavinia Lov itt, the lawful widow,
800.00
Chan Leung, the natural and lawful brother,
150.00
Probate,
Letters of Adın.,
Ip Liú Shi, the lawful widɔw, and Ip Cheung Shi. Spinster. Li Yeung Shi, the lawful widow,
8,500.00
170
2.600.00
52
$23. Letters of
Adm. Issued
Yan Yick Wai, the natural and lawful eldest son,
1,400.00
after filing tha
Adm. Bont on 27th Jan., 1965.
!
61,700 00
1,851
3,203 CO
6 E
260.00
56.800.00
1,704
53,400.00
1,602
250,00
630.00
6
Carried forward,
.$313.800.00
8,963
Letters of Adm.,
Probate.
Sealing Copy of Exempli- fication of Lett rs of A imaj Letters of Adm, Letters of Adm., cum testamento annexo,
Probate, Sealing certified Copy of Probate, Sealing Copy of Exempli- fication of Letters of Adm., cum testamento annexo,
{
Yeung Cheung Shi, Spinster.
Herbert Johnson Gedge, Solicitor, Attorney of Elizabeth Kerr, sister of the deceased,
Chan Tun, the natural and 1 wful younger brother, Patrick Cumming Potts, Broker, Attorney of John Money Collum & Thomas Cecil Daniel, Merchants Assistants, Newman Mumford, Surveyor, Henry Allen, Executor,.
Mabel Hickie, the lawful widow,
* Grant made on 4th May, 1904, but not taken up until this date.
No.
Date of
Grant.
Name of Testator or Intestate.
Nature of Grant.
Name and Description of the Executor or Administrator.
Valne sworn
under.
Amount of
Probate
duty paid.
$
313,800.00
8,963
CALENDAR Of PROBATES and LETTERS of ADMINISTRATION,—Continued.
Time and Place of Death.
76
1905.
20: Feb., 17 Samuel Dickinson,
18th July, 1904, at Croydon, New South Wales,
Sealing Fxemplifica- tion of Probate,
21st Oct.. 1904, at Canton, China. 15th Feb., 1905, at sen on board the Steamship Nam shin on the voyage from Saigon to Hongkong,
24th Nov., 1904, at Victoria, Hongkong,
Probate. Letters of Adm.,
Probate,
21
16 Lo Pang,
22 Mar.,
1 | Mạk Fa Ili otherwise Mak Kü Hi,.
23 Feb.,
17
Leung Pik Shan alias Leung Fat Kwong,.
24 Mar,
6
26
25 Feb., 22
Mar., 4
·
Aligail Gambrill Brown, otherwise Abigail Brown,
Lam Yau,
Tsang I Chun,.
14th Feb., 1905, at Victoria, Hongkong,
16th Dec.. 1904, on board the S.S. Manchuria at Shang- hai. China. 22nd Sept., 1904, at British Kowloon,
Letters of Adm.,
27. Feb., 20
28
"
30
Leung Ho Tin alias Leung Kwong Chuen alias 21st Jan., 1905, at Honam, Canton, China, Leung Yung,
29 Mar., 13
6 · Haji Mahomed Sadeek Haji Ismail,
31 Feb., 18
32 Mar,
Probate,
Brought forward,.
Carl Georg, Attorney of l'enelope Brooks Dickinson. widow, William Robart Dickinson and Charles Al- bert Dickinson, sons,
Lo Chak Tin, the natural and lawful eldest son.. Mak Sung, the natural and lawful elJest brother,
Leung Shek Shi, the lawful widow, and Leung Wan Kwai, the natural and lawful younger brother,... Rosa Morton Crichton, the natural and lawful daughter, Lam Leung Shi, the lawful widow, Tsang Yim Shi, the lawful widow,
Leung Chan Shi alias Ng Sam, the lawful widow,. Pang Yee Fan, the natural and lawful brother,
15th Oct., 1904, at Tai Lek, Kwong Tung Province, China, 7th April, 1889, at Kwong Hoi, Sunning District, China. | Letters of Adm. de bonis | Pang (han Shi, the lawful widow,..
21st Feb., 1905, at Victoria, Hongkong,
14
lang` Pui Fan,...
Pang Yuk Yan,
Li Sce alias Li Chung Shin, alias Li Fuk Shing 3rd Nov, 1904, at Victoria, Hongkong, alias Li Chan Pau,
Lan Ngan,
33
6
Tan Man,
>>
34
21
Yeung Wong,
35
13
Kwok Wan sing,,
86
G
Tin Pat Hing,
37
38
"
[non cum testamento annexo, Probate,
:
Mahomed Ally & Arratoon Vertannes Apear. Merchants, Li Kwoon Chiù, nephew and Li Wong shi, Spinster,
10.900.00
327
10,000.00
250.00
200
62 700:00
2,700.00
1,881
54
1,200.00
24
300.00
3
100.00
2.000.00
8,000.00
40
Duty fully paid on Origi nal Grant.
193.900.00
89,500.00
5,817
1,185
Leung A Tsan. one of the lawful an natural children and next of kin,
10 000.00
200
Tan Tam Shi, the lawful widow,..
1,400.00
28
Yeung Wo, the natural and lawful brother.
1,000.00
10
Kwok Kwan otherwise Kwok Chik Sang, the natural and lawful elder son,
6,500.00
130
Tin hu Shi, the lawful widow,
2,200, 0
Eric Grant Smith, Gentleman,
50,900 00
1,527
Herbert Johnson Gedge, Solicitor, Attorney of Henry Glynne Fiennes Clinton and Theodore Horrobin, Executors,
Arathoon Seth, Official Administrator,
7.5 0.00
500.00
150
5
2.400 00
48
Curried forward,
727,750.00
20,636
28 James Anderson,.................. ........... 21 James Daniel Jenkins,
39 Jan., 26 · Theodore Marles Thomas, 40: Feb., 10 Friedrich Konrad Schiirch,
30th Nov, 1994, at Victoria, Hongkong,
2nd Jan., 1905, at sea on board the S.S. Tai Lee on a vorage from Haiphong to Hongkong,
18th Feb., 1905, at Tung Wa flo-pit d, Victoria, Hongkong. 8th Nov., 1904. at Puù Ü District, Kwong Tung Pro- vince, China,
24th Sept., 1904, at Pak Ming Fa, Kwai Shin District, Kwong Tung Province, China,
6th Dec. 1901, at the City of Nelson, New Zealand, 24th May, 1901, at Vancouver, British Columbia,
3rd Dec., 1904, at the Royal Naval Hospital, Victoria, Hongkong,
23rd June, 1904, at Ermatingen, Switzerland
"
Letters of Adm.,
Probate,
Letters of Adm.,
Probate,
I etters of Adm., cum testamento aNNEWO,
Letters of Adm..
Arathoon Seth, Official Administrator,
Calendar of PROBATÉ and LETTERS of ADMINISTRATION,—Continued.
77 -
Xo.
Date of
Grant.
Name of Testator or Intestate.
1905.
41 Mar., 7 Alfred Wright, 22 James George Reid,
42
43
31
Cho Tin See,
44
31
David Jones,
45
Cheng Tat Tsoi,
Pun Kat Sheung.
46 April, 7 47 Mar, 23 · Ip Tiú Shi alias Tiú >hi, Cheang Keng Quee otherwise called heong
48 April, 15 Ah Quee (in Cantonese dialect written and prononuced() Teh Keng Quee and Choang Shin Thong,
49
50
51
52
"
53
54
18 Hosibrige John Johnstone Chambers,. Henry Thomas Legg......
19
18 Denton E. Peterson,
29
18
Mattie Chambers,
Ng Tit Bing,
20 The Reverend Father Evaristo Torres,
55
19
Shen Lee Suen,
56 May,
4
Maria Francisca Gomes Danenberg,
57 Mar., 13
Eliza Maria Grosvenor, .
58 | May,
3
Cheung Wong Shi,...
59 Apill, 14
wise law Seung On,
60
7
Tang Tsz Leung,..
61 May,
5
George Friedrich Wilhelm Lührss,
62
Kan Kam Chuen,
Time and Place of Death.
2nd Feb.. 1905, at the Government Civil Hospital, Vic- toria, Hongkong,
15th Feb., 1905, at the Government Hulk Hygeia, Victo:ia Harbour in the waters of the Colony of Hongkong, 15th June, 1871, in the Portuguese Colony of Macao,... 24th Feb., 1905, at the Government Civil Hospital, Vic- toria. Hongkong,
7th June, 1910, at Tai Sung San On, Kwong Tung, China,
20th March, 1905, at Victoria, Hongkong... 14th Nov., 1904. at Victoria, Hongkong, 13th Dec, 1901, at l'enang, Straits Settlements,
28th Dec., 1904, at Ealing, Middlesex, England, 29th Dec.. 1904. at Victoria, Hongkong,
In the month of June. 1903, at Tientsin, China, 28th March, 1905, at Canton, China,
11th April, 1902, at Kowloon, New Territory in the Colony of Hongkong,
26th Jan., 1905, at Manila in the Philippine Islands,.
Sth Aug., 1903. at Shanghai, China,
10th April, 1905, at Bay View, Kowloon, in the Colony of Hongkong,
2nd June, 1898, at Brighton, England,
Nature of Grant.
Name and Description of the Exccutor or Aã ninistrator.
Value sworn
under.
Amount of
Probate
duty paid.
$ C.
Brought forward,.
727,750.00
20,636
Letters of Adm.,
Arathcon Seth, Official Administrator,
700.00
7
Arthoon Seth, Official Administrator,
700.00
7
፡፡
Tso Sin Ip, lawful father,
4,700.00
94
Frederick Francis Boret and Charles Adolphe Henri Westerburger, Mercantile Assistants,
9,900.00
198
Cheng uk Hang and Cheng Fuk Tsun, the natural and
lawful sons,
1,200.00
24
Aratlicon Seth, Official Administrator,
3,000.00
60
2.0 0.00
40
Fung Yeon Tong, Attorney of Cheang Thye Cheong,.
6-17,500.00
Duty fully
paid on
Original
Grant.
Probate,
Letters of Adm.. Probate,
Sealing Exemplifi- cation of Probate,
Sealing of Double Probate,: Probate. Letter, of Adm.,
"
"
"
:p Kam Chuen, Student,
Robert Macdonell (hambers, brother, James Baker, stone mason.
34.500.00
1,035
13.700.00
411
Arathoon eth, Official Administrator, Reverend Robert Edward Chambers. the lawful husband, Ng Kam Tong, the n turai arl Lawful elder brother,.
23,0 0.00
693
300.00
300.00
3
The Very Reverend Father Francisco Rodriguez Noval, Frocurator in Hongkong for the Dominician Missions in the Far East, Arathoon Seth, Official Administrator,
145,700.00
2,600.00
52
13
":
Antonio Simplicio Gomes, the lawful father and next of kin,
40.500.00
1,215
Sealing of Copy of Exem- plification of Probate,
Cecil Grimsted Meade Sargeant, one of the Executors...
83,000.00
2,640
13th May, 1902, at Kowloon City, New Territory in the Colony of Hongkong,
Cheung Choi Iat, the natural and lawful and only child,
3,300.00
66
Lau U Shi, the lawful and natural mother,
5,100.00
102
San Ui, Kwong Tung Province. China, 17th Feb., 1905, at Victoria, Hongkong,
2.000.00
40
25th Nov., 1904, at Shanghai, in the Empire of China, 24th April, 1904, at Victoria, Hongkong,
400.00
4
1,600 0)
5,000.00
10
100
1,762,850.00
27,434
Lan Sheung On otherwise Low Seung On other- 8th March, 1905, at sea on board the Tung IIo junk off
"}
63 April, 25: Lung Yam Ting,
29th Mar., 1905, at Victori 1, in the Colony of Hongkong,
Letters of Adm.,
Probate,
Letters of A 'm.,
Probate,
Letters of Adm.,
Tang Fong Shi, the lawful widow, Arathoon Seth, Official Administrator, Kan Li Shi, the lawful widow, Leung Chan Shi, the lawful widow,
Curried forward,
CALENDAR OF PROBATES and LETTERS of ADMINISTRATION,—Continued.
78
No.
Date of
Grant,
Name of Testator or Intestate.
1905.
64 May, 12 Pun Kin Fan,
65 April, 28 Ladislao Francisco Grill,
28 88 8 3 I
67 May,
C8
Mar.,.
18 Pang Yuk Tseung,
a a
6
69 | May, 19
70
71
15
"
*
Leung Fuk Tin alias Leung Tin Shu. Luk Shing Foo,
Hannah Eliza Masson,
3 | Chau Tak Shin,
30 Edmund Vincent Calver,
22 Wong Sze Mui, Hermann Ludwig Fredrich Otto Granert,.
30 Rodham Home Cook,
72
30
""
Chan Fook,
73
71
75
76
77
78
79 June,
ece @ 88
80
>7
22 Henrique Lourenço de Noronha. 10 Ngan Wing (hi.
3 To zoo alias To Ng Koo,
->
7 Abdul Latif otherwise A. Lofty,
10 Robert Riddock,.
$1
2
Kam Shu Tong,
>>
Stuart Smith,
82, May, 29
7
83 June,
84 May, 30
85 June, 15
Chew Sin Tong otherwise Pow Chew. Vincent Heinrich Theedor Pickenpack,.
Walter Noyes Morehouse,
Time and Place or Death.
On or about the 11th Jan., 1905, at Ki Shek, Kwong Hoi, Sanning District, Kwong Tung Frovince, China, 13th Jan., 1905. at Canton, China, 30th Sept., 1904, at Victoria in the Colony of Hongkong.
6th Aug., 19:4, at La Coronata in the Kingdom of Italy. 8th March, 1905, at Cho Fong village, Pun U District, Kwong Túng Province, China,
29th July, 1903, at No. 11, Bedford Street, Ipswich, in the Cunty of ruffolk, England,
25th May, 1905, at sea on board the British Steamer llyson,
17th April 1905, at Canton, in the Empire of China....... 1st Nov., 105, at Yokohama, in the Empire of Japan,
!
Letters of Adm.. Probate,
Letters of Adm.,
Wong Yan Shan, Trader.
| Patrick Cumming Fotts, Broker,
Value sworn
under.
Amount of
Probate
duty paid.
Nature of Grant.
Name and Description of Executor or Administrator.
Brought forward,
$
C
$
1,762,850.00
27,431
On or about the 4th Jan., 1905, at Lung Cheak village, San Ui District, Kwong Tung Province, China, 25th March, 1905, at Macao, Portuguese Colony,
Probate,
Letters of Adm.,
Pun Leung Shi, the lawful widow,
9,900 00
198
Camilla Maria Grill, the lawful daughter and only next of kin,
10.900.00
327
Probate,
Pang Laú Shi, the lawful widow,
18,500.00
050
Fun Shi and Un Shi, concubines of the deceased, Sung Cheong, Executor,
17.300 00
519
5,200.00
104
William Arthur Caruthers Cruickshank, Merchant, Chaù Sung Shi alas Song Yut (the secondary wife) widow,
48,300.00.
1,449
21.400.00
612
Sealing of Probate,
Maria Sarah Calver, the lawful widow,.
1,700.00
31
Arathoon Seth, Official Administrator,
1 0.00
9,500 00
800.00
190
$1 Adjudica-
ture fie.
10,000.00
200
7,300.00
146
To Kit, the natural and lawful younger brother,
Sophia Aldul Latif, the lawful widow,
18,800. 0
564
400.00
£
13,900.00
417
3,100 00
62
Lonia Janet Constance Smith, the lawful widow,
18,000.00
540
Pow Ng Shi, the lawful widow,
500.00
testamento annexo, Letters of Adm., cum
Nicolaus August Siebs, Merchant, the lawfully appointed Attorney of the Executors,
24,100,00
723
¦
Henri Edward Wolf, Deputy Commisioner of Customs,
testamento annexo,
China,
78,400.00
2,352
Carried forward.........
.....$ 2,080960.00
36,474
24th Sept. 1904, at No. 30, Go: don Road, Ealing, in the Country of Middlesex, England,
11th April. 1905, at Victoria in the Colony of Hongkong. 9th March, 1965. at Kowloon, in the Colony of Hongkong, 13th Feb., 1905, at Honam, Canton, in the Empire of China,
22nd April, 1905, at Tsim Sha Tsui in the Colony of Hongkong,
1st Dec., 1904, at Saigon in Cochin-China,
28th Oct., 1903, at Sauon District, Kwong Tung Pro- vince, China,
11th July, 1904, at Highfield l'embury in the County of Kent, England,
31st March, 1882, at Yokohamà in the Empire of Japan, 25th Oct., 1904, at Hamburg in the Empire of Germany,
15th Dec., 1904, at Florence in the Kingdom of Italy,
Probate, Letters of Adm., cum testamento ANNEXO, Sealing of Exempli- fication of Probate, Letters of Adm.,
Probate,
Letters of Adm.,
Scaling of Probate,
Probate,
Scaling of Exemplis cation of Probate, Letters of Adm., Letters of Adm., cum
Charles Cook, Executor,
Henrique Delfino Noronha, Printer, Ngan Chim Shi, the lawful widow,.
James Macdonald, Government Marine Surveyor, the lawful attorney of Isabella Riddock, Executrix, Kam Yeung Shi, the lawfu widow,
CALENDAR of PROBATES and LETTERS of ADMINISTATION,Continued.
79 -
No.
Date of
Grant.
Name of Testator or Intestate.
Time and Place or Death.
1905.
86 June, 15 Emile Maric Jean Baptiste Marsal,
87
21
James Kirkwood,
"
88
7 George Reinaccker,..............................
89
""
7 | Margaret Coxon,..
90
92
===* CAR CR
>>
26 Frederick George Shillito Stone,.
23 Yung To Tak alias Yung Lung, alias Yung Tat 17th Dec., 1904, in the Portuguese Colony of Macao,.. Fong,
22nd Jan., 1903, at Hanoi, French Cochin China, 5th Feb., 1905, at Chinkiang in the Empire of China,
Nature of Grant.
Name and Description of Executor or Administrator.
Value sworn
under.
Amount of
Probate
duty paid.
$
| 2,080,960.00
$
36.474
1,200 00
24
I etters of Adm, cum testamento anneæo. Sealing of "Confirma- tion Umquihile”
5th Aug., 1903, at South Cliff, Eastbourne, in the County Letters of Adm., cum of Sussex in England, testamento annexo,
31st Mar., 1904, at South Cliff, Eastbourne, in the County of Sussex in England,
:)
Brought forward,.....
Arathoon Seth, Official Administrator,
Thomas Shanks Jeaine Burns Kirkwood and Helen Cut- brill Inglis Kirkwood, the surviving Executor and Executrixes.
Nicolaus August Siels, Merchant, the lawfully appointed Attorney of Robert Reinaeetker and Rudolph Flas hoff, Executors..
Nicolaus August Siebs, Merchant, the lawfully appointed Attorney of Robert Reinaccker, the natural and law- ful son and the surviving Exccutor,..
300.00
246,300.00
7,389 ·
246,600,00
7,398
Probate,
Yung in Pong, Yung Kin long and Yung Siù l'o, Com- pradores,
19,400.00
9.982
"}
26 Julius Friedrich Adolph Saur,....
94 July,
95
";
96 | June,
A
6 James McLachlan,
Geraldo Jezino Remedios,
Susan Perry Wadman,
26 | Choy Chan,
97 July,
1
Edward L. Heath,
98
"
Gurmikh Singh,
99
100
B
""
101
12
>>
Lau Ii,
162
"
20 August Heinrich Wilhelm Paul Brewitt,
102 May, 17 | Li Tak Cheung,
103 July,
5 Chan Moon Tong,
21st Aug., 1903, at Nagasaki in the Empire of Japan, 17th Jan., 1904, at Hildburghansen in the Empire of Germany,
93 Feb., 16 Yick Quai alias Yick Tez Fong alias Yick Ying 5th Aug, 1904, at Sze Tsz Hang village, Namhoi Dis-
Tun,
3 Edmund Henry Jellicce,
J
trict. Kwong Tung Province, China,
28th March 1905, at Shanghai in the Empire of China,.. 30th Dec, 1904, on board H.M.S. Whiting, Hongkong.... 10th March, 1904, at Canton in the Empire of China,
15th June, 1905, at Victoria in the Colony of Hongkong, 29th April, 1905, at the Government Civil Hospital, Victoria in the Colony of Hongkong,
21st June, 1905, at the Government Civil Hospital, Vic- toria in the Colony of Hongkong,
14th Mar., 1905, at Vietoria in the Colony of Hongkong, 24th May, 1905, at Kowloon City in the Colony of Hong- kong,
15th June, 1905, at the Government Civil Hospital, Vic-
toria, Hongkong.
11th June, 1889, at Canton, China,.
2011 Jan., 1905, at Tok Kong village, San On District in the Province of Kwong Tung, China,
testamento annexo, Letters of Adm.,
Scaling of Probate, Letters of Adm., Probate,
Letters of Adm.,
Hurbert Perry Wadman and Jonathan William Innocent, Herbert Johnson Gedge, Attorney of John. Henry Jellicoe. Choy Ho Shi, Choy Kan Shi, secondary wives of the de- ceased and Choy Shing. Assistant Compradore, Arathoon Seth, Official Administrator,
Letters of Adm., cum
Henry Upham Jeffries, Merchant, lawful Attorney of Ellen Stone, widow,.
1,300.00
26
Nicolaus August Sicks, Merchant, lawful Attorney of Rosalie Emilie Saur, widow,
17,500.00
525
Yick Lim, the natural an 1 lawful son,
5,000.00
100
"
1,800.00
36
400.00
+
1,021,384.24
30,612
250.00
....
100.00
500.00
Gracinda Maria Place Remedios, widow,
250.00
"
>>
Laù gai Shi, the lawful widow,.....
350.00
Probate,
Winnifred Dominica Brewitt, the lawful widow,
6,800.00
136
Letters of Adm., de
bonis non,
Letters of Adm.,
Li Sik Yan and Li Wai Lam, the lawful and natural children,.
Duty fully
paid on Ori- ginal Grant,
Chan Man Shi, the lawful widow,
8,400.00
168
Carried forward,..
3,738,794.24
85,912
Date of
No.
Name of Testator or Intestate.
Grant.
1905.
104 July, 10 | James Odoire,
105
28
Arthur Edward Carey,
99
106
"
20
Leung Nin Mui,
107 May,
Francisco Idelfonso Libeiro,
108 Ang. 2
Lionel Brabant Langford Wheeler,.
109
110
Ernest Augustus Earby, Arthur Gordon Ward,
CALENDAR of PROBATES and LETTERS of Administation,-- Continued.
Tine and Place or Death.
Nature of Grant.
Name and Description of Executor or Administrator.
Value sworn
under.
Amount
of Probate duty paid.
Brought forward,
2nd July, 1905, at Victoria, Hongkong,...
Letters of Adm.,
23rd Dec., 1904, at Glen, Shortlands in the County of Scaling of Exempli- Kent, England.
Arathoon Seth, Official Administrator, Mary Anne Emily Carey, the lawful widow,
...
A
fication of Probate, Probate,
15th April. 1905, at Victoria, Hongkong, 6th April. 1905. at Victoria, Hongkong,
| 27th April, 1905, at Amoy in the Empire of China,
10th July, 1905, at Kowloon in the Colony of Hongkong, 8th July, 1905, at Shanghai, in the Empire of China,.
>>
Sealing Letters of Adm., Letters of Adm.,
Probate.
Gin Bock Sing, Clerk,
Leonidia Ponorata Ribeiro, the lawful widow, William Frank Harley, the lawful Attorney of Colonel John Langford Wheeler, next of kin of the deceased, Arathoon Seth, Official Administrator, Frederick William Rawle Ward, the natural and lawful brother,
18th Sept., 1905, Li Tsin Shi, Spinster, the Executrix, was convicted at the Criminal Sessions for uttering a forged will and sentenced to 3 months' imprisonment. 18th Oct., 1905, Min Lin and ling Kwau, the witnesses to the will convicted at the Criminal Sessions and sentenced to 12 months' Hard Labour each.
6.
3,738,794,24
85,912
400.00
4
700.00
2.000.00
40
108
5,400.00 Liabilities ex- Adjudication ceed the assets. fee $1.
800.00
8
20,000.00
GOO
Probate re-
1,100.00 | called on
18.9.05, $22.
80
11 July, 11 | Li Tai Iling alins Li Chan Shang,
112 Aug., 3 Lam Tak Tso,
12th Feb., 1905, at Victoria, in the Colony of Hongkong,
20th Feb, 1905, at Shek Tsui, in the San Ui District Kwong Tung Province. China.
Lam Kin Sing, the natural and lawful son,
7,000.00
140
113
111
3 Yeung Hang Sing,
3 Ng Tak Sham,
115 | July, 12 | Li Man Lam. 116 Aug., 19
Mahomed Salleh Eusoof Angullia,
11
Li Sing Fat,.
19 Lo Yew Nam,
117
118
""
119
12
1904.
10th Oct., 1904, at Man Lan village, San Ui District, Kwong Tung Province, China,
16th Feb., 1899, at Canton, China.
21st Sept., 1904, at Singapore in the Straits Settlements, Sealing of Exempli-
13th June, 1905, at Victoria, Hongkong,
12th July, 1905, at San Wai, Kwong Tung Province, China,
Joaquim Martinez otherwise known as Sy Tiong | 12th Feb., 1892, at Manila, Philippine Islands, Tay,
120 Dec., 6 Chan Hen Tung alias Chan Sing Fai,
fication of 'robate, Letters of Adm., Probate,
Letters of Adm
1st June, 1904, at Sin Tung village, San Ui District, Kwong Tung Province, China,
,,
Yeung Yan Tsan, the natural and lawful eldest son, Ng Ip Sui, the natural and lawful cldest son,
7,000.00
140
7,000.00
140
Li Cheung Shi, the lawful widow, Ahmed Mahomed Salleh Angullia, son,..
23,300.00
699
1,000.00
10
Chan a Luk, the lawful widow,
1.100.00
22
Lo Li Shi, the lawful widow,
5,000.00
100
1
Herbert Johnson Gedge, the lawful Attorney of Leon Pavia Sy Juilcong, the Administrator,.....
5,700.00
114
26th April, 1902, at Fatshan, China,
Letters of Adm., cum tastamento annexo,
B uce Shepherd, Official Receiver and Trustee in Ban- kruptcy,.
Probate Duty
20,500.00
paid on
28.8.05, $815.
1905.
121
Aug, 12 | James Green,
31st Mar., 1905, at sea on board the S.S. Korea between Nagasaki and Kobe,
•
122 May, 1 Athanaziɔ Francisco Ribeiro,
19th Feb., 1905, at Victoria, Hongkong,
Letters of Adm.,
Patrick Cumming Potts, Attorney of Herbert John Mar- shall and James Marshall, the Executors, Theodolina Vicenrin Ribeiro, the lawful widow, .
17,000.00
510
5,300.00
106
Carried forward,
8,869,094.24
89,298
CALENDAR of PROBATES and LETTERS of ADMINISTATION,—Continued.
81
123 Aug., 30 Wong Shing.
126 Sept., 9
Leungak Yan,
Don Juan Lecaroze y Sebalta,
No.
Date of
Grant.
Name of Testator on Intestate.
1904.
124
,,
125
25
3
""
Wong Wing,..
127
128
13
Tam Hok Chin,
י,
1
Suknunden Singh,
129
21
Sir Edward Fleet Alford,
130
131
2
Yu Wai Chung, .................. .............
132
11
133
131
20 Jeremais Rozario Lobo,..................
26 Alice Coutts,
29 Tsang Wah,
5
135 Oct., 4
136
137 Sept., 19
Ip Kai Kin,
William Henry Ray,
Shapurji Framjı Tambɔli,
4
Tong Show Pang,
138
14 : Chau Tit Sai.
139 Oct., 12
Alexander Coutts,
"}
140 12 Robert Walker, 141 Sept., 14 | Chan Tsan otherwise Chan Chiù Nam,
142
28
29
Ho Yung,
2
Time and Place or Death.
1st July, 1905, at Sanning District, China.
9th July, 1905, at Honim, Canton in the Empire of China, 18th May, 1905, at Victoria. Hongkong,
7th Sept., 1901, at Macao in the Portuguese Colony of Macao,
4th Sept., 1904. at Canton in the Empire of China,
15th Aug., 1905, at the Government Civil Hospital, Vic- toria, Hongkong,
18th March, 1905, at Boltons in the County of Mid- dlesex, Englan 1,
15th Jan., 1905, at Goa, Portugnese India,
12th May, 1905, at Yu village, Sanning District, China, 1st April, 1905, at Shanghai, China,
31st Aug, 1905, at Sheung Cheung village, Heung Shan District. China,
2nd April. 1905, at Fatshan, China.
2nd Aug., 1905, at Atlantic City. Atlantic County, New Jersey, America.
27th Sept., 1901, at Navsari in Baroda State, India,
26th April, 1905, at Tung Chow, in the Province of Kangsu, China,
14th July, 1905. at Canton, China,.
15th March, 1905, at Birmingham, Hamke Road in the County of Surrey, England,
21st Nov., 1904. at Yews Bushey Heath in the County of Hertford, England,
30th Aug., 1905. at Victoria in the Colony of Hongkong,
Sth June, 1905, at Victoria, Hongkong,.
143 Oct., 12 Wong Chung Ting alias Ching Kec alias Wong | 29th Nov., 1902, at Nam Young village Ching Hoi Dis- cap Shan,
144
23
Chan Hi Lin,
trict, China,
15th May, 1905, at Ionam, Canton, China,
Nature of Grant.
Name and Description of Executor or Administrator.
Probate,
Letters of Adm.,
Value sworn
under.
Amount of
Probate
duty paid.
Brought forward,
$ C.
3,869,094.24
ន
89,298
Probate,
"
Tang Shi otherwise Wong Tong Shi, the lawful widow, Leung Wo, the natural and lawful son,
3,000.00
60
6,500.00
130
•
I etters of Adm.,
Wong Yu Shi, the lawful widow,
200.00
"J
Arratoon Vertannes Apcar, the Attorney of Don Exe-' quiel Ordonez,
15.800.00
474
Tam Hok Po, l'anker.
10,000.00
200
Arathoon Seth, Official Administrator,
700.00
7
Executors.
Scaling of Exempli-Charles Wedderburn Dickson, Merchant and one of the
·cation of Probate.
117.600.00
3.528
Letters of Adm., cum - Herbert Johnson Gedge, Solicitor, testamento anNCXO,
2.300.00
46
Probate,
Yu Kam Wo and Yu Kim "Wo, the natural and lawful
sn3,
7,500.00
150
Scaling of Exempli fication of Probate. Letters of Adm.,
Edmée Alice Ritchie, the daughter and one of the Exe-
cutrixes.
32,600.00
978
Ng Ying, the lawful widow,
500.00
D
Probate,
Ip Kwok Shi, the lawful widow,
$,000.00
160
>>
James Whittall, Secretary to the China Traders In- surince Company. Limited,
47,000.00
1,410
Nowroji Kasaspji Antia, Attorney of Nowroji Framji Tamboli, one of the Executors...
1,40.00
23
Tong Shon Kiang, the natur..I and lawful younger brother,
52.800.00
1,584
Chaù Shin Man, the natural and lawful eldest son, Ellie Coutts, the lawful widow,
52,700.00
1.5-1
2,100.00
12
Robert Anderson Walker, Bank Cashier and lawful ne- phew,
2,500.00
50
Letters of Adm, cum testamento annexo, Letters of Adm.,
Chan Tseng Shih, the lawful widow, Chan Shiù Tang, Chan Shiù Wai, Chan Shiù Jung and Chan Shiù Hong the lawful and natural sons, Wong Fat, the natur 1 and lawful son,
188,200.00
...
3,996
23,300.00
699
Wong Tsz Ying the natural and lawful eldest son,"
47,000.00
1,110
Probate,
Laù A 'In the lawful daughter-in-law,
7,000.00
140
Carried forward,
.$ 4,442,791.24
105,976
Letters of Adm.. cum testamento annexo, Probate,
Scaling of Probite,
Sealing of Letters of Adm., Probate,
!
...
اتمه
Calendar of PROBATES and LETTERS of ADMINISTRATION,—Continued.
82 -
No.
Date of
Grant.
Name of Testator or Intestate.
1905.
145 Oct, 27
Choo Kwan Shi,
146
26 John Patterson Martin,
...
:)
147
23
"}
148
27
Frederick Christopher Boyes.
149
:
12
Fong Ming Guie alias Ming Guie..
3
Wong F. on Man,
150 Nov., 151 | Oct., 27
152 Sept., 5
+
Chan Leung Ning alias Leung Ning, Sun Kim 19th Sept., 1903. at Sanning District, Kwong Tung Pro-Letters of Adm., cum Loong,
Lam Yat Tsoi alias Lam Ping U alias Lam Yat alias Lam Fü, alias Lam Yat Wo alias Lam Fuk alias I am Cheung Fat,
Sung (otherwise spelt Seung) Wan Hing,
vince, China,
31st Jan., 1900, at Berlin in Germany,
10th June, 1905, at Canton in the Empire of China, 10th July, 1905, at Canton in the Empire of China, 29th May, 1905, at San On District, Kwong Tung Pro- vince, in the Empire of China,
15th Jan, 1901, at Honam, Kwong Tung Province, China,
10th May, 1897, at Bombay in the Empire of India,
Letters of Adm., cum
Time and lace or Death.
Nature of Grant.
Name and Description of Executor or Administrator.
Valuc sworn under.
Amount of
Probite
duty paid.
Brought forward,
$
4,412,794.24
$
105,976
16th Aug., 1898, at Macao in the Portuguese Colony of Macao, 12th July, 1905, at the Peak Hospital, Victoria, Hong- kong,
Letters of Admi.,
Choa Sin Ip, the natural and lawful son,
Adjudication
for $1.
Arathoon Seth, Official Administrator,
200.00
Chan Man Tsit the natural and lawful eldest son,
300.00
3
tastamento annexo, Letters of Adm.,
Herbert William Looker, Solicitor,.
4,700.00
04
*:
Fong Ko Shi, the lawful widow
1,500.00
30
Probate,
Wong Wai Hing, the natural and lawful fither, Lam Shu Hing a'ius Lam Sui Pong, the natural and lawful son,
2,600.00
52
4,700.00
.91
Sung Leung Shi, Singlewoman,
1,700.00
34
i
Sorabji Cursetji Khan, merchant,
6,500.00 |
130
testamento annexo, I robate,
Fang Leung Sha a, Trader,
16,500.00
495
10,500.00
315
ད!
Clerk of the Holy Orders,
22,900.00
687
Chan Fok shi, the natural and lawful son, Chan Un Man, the natural and lawful cldest son,
10,500.00
315
20,500.00
615
Chan Pang Shi, the lawful widow,...
1,500.00 ·
30
Chun Piú, the natural and lawful grand-on,
9,700.00
191
Scaling of Probate, Probate,
William Wilkinson Hoole, Sole Executor.. Wong Shi, the lawful widow, and Li Ping Shun,
1,700.00
34
1,000.00
10
13,200.00
396
250.00 Duty free.
Scaling Exemplifica- tion of Probate, Sealing of Probate,
28,800,00
750.00
861
8
Carried forward.
...$4,602,794,24
110,877
26th June, 1905, at Whampoa, Kwong Tung Province, China,
28th Oct., 1905, at Victoria, Hongkong,. 5th fec., 1905, England,
1st Feb., 1905, at Cauton, China,
Chun Shen Yin alias Chan Shen Yin alias Chan | 6th Aug., 1905, at Shanghai, China,
Oi Ting,
4 Chan Ngan,
*
153 Nov.,
8
Jehangir Hormusjee,
15 Aug., 25
Lo Cheung,
155
Nov.,
13
Lai Chik,
156
16
Mary Ann Graham,
157
??
13: Chan Lam,
158
4
159
**
160
21
Chun Li Shi,
161
30
William Edward Hunt,..
}}
162
23
Li Yaú Win,
163
Dec.
£
Edward Harold Low,
164
165
166
22
Kate Brazil,
Frederick William Moore,
Gustavus Andreas Witt,
8th June, 1904, at l'un U District, Kwong Tung Pro vince, China,
27th Sept., 1898, at San Ui City, Kwong Tung Province, China,
8th Aug., 1905. at Shanghai, Chin),
12th Nov., 1898, at Sanning District, Kwong Tung Pro- vince, China,
29th June, 1905, at Daitotei Taihoku, Formosa, in the Empire of Japan,
15th Sept., 1995, at the Victoria Hospital, Hongkong,
13th Feb., 1905, at Menton in France,
20th Aug., 1905, at Freiburg in Germany,
Lai Im Shi, the lawful widow,
Sealing Exemplifica- | John Bennett Coppin, Confectioner, and Evan Williams,
tion of Probate,
Probate.
Letters of Adm.,
Letters of Adın., cum – Robert Hunter Bruce, merchant, testamento Annexo, Letters of Adm.,
Peter Tr..zil, the lawful husband.
Kathleen (in the will called Katherine) Rose Moore, the lawful widow,
Frederica Helene Witt, the lawful widow,
Calendar of PROBATES and LETTERS of ADMINISTRATION,—Continued.
..
Value sworn
under.
$ C.
4,602,794.24
6,800.00
Amount of
Probate
duty paid.
$
110,377
136
700.00
7
1,000.00
30,100 00
10
903
21,500.00
Duty fully
paid
on Original
Grant.
100.00 Duty free. 2,100.00
42
168,400.00
5,052
1,000.00
10
100.00 Duty free.
3,200 00
64
83
$4,837,794.24
116,601
No.
Date of
Grant.
Name of Testator or Intestate.
Time and Place or Death.
Nature of Grant.
Name and Description of Executor or Administrator.
1905..
Brought forward,
167 Nov., 30 Chin Cheung Fung alias Chan Sing Chun, 168 Dec., 8 Au Yeung Kin Chi,
.....
169
11
>>
19th Oct., 1905, at Sai Chin, Namboi District, China, 4th Dec., 1903, at Canton, Kwong Tang Province, China, Mahomed Ebrahim otherwise Mahomed bra- | 1st Feb., 1900, at Yezd in the Kingdom of Persia, him Asger,
Probate,
Letters of Adm.,
Chan Heung Fong,...
Aú Yeung Ching, the lawful and natural sister,
1:0 Oct., 12 | Wong Kam,
15th April, 1905, at Victoria, Hongkong,
171 Dec.,
6 Fung Ming Shan alias Fung Chew,
Probate,
Letters of Adm., de bonis non,
172
12
፡፡
D'Jalma d'Encarnação,
173 | Oct., 4 Tsui Sui Sin, widow,
15th Nov., 1898, at Canton, China,...
16th Nov., 1905, at the Government Civil Hospital, Vic- toria, Hongkong,
27th July, 1905, at Sanning District, Kwong Tung Pro- vince, ('nina,
174 Nov., 23 | Paú (or Pow) (baú (or Chow or Tsaú) alias | 28th July, 1905, at Macao in the Portuguese Colony of Paú Ping Kwan,
175
手望
30 Tsang Cheung,.
176 | Dec.,
6
Leung Tai,
177
Macao,
22nd May, 1904, at Shau-ki-wan, Hongkong,
21st Vov., 1905, at sea on board the British Steam-ship Laertes, on the voyage between Saigon and Hong- kong,
12 | Chew Yin Mow sometimes known as Jue Yan 13th Jan., 1905, at San Francisco in the United States
and Chew Mow,
of America,
Probate,
Letters of Adm., cum
testamento aNNEXO, Probate,
Letters of Adm.,
Assa lulla Ebrahim Asger and Mehde Ebrahim Aṣger, the natural and lawful sons.
Wong Saú Luk, the natural an i lawful son,
Fung Tin Cheuk alias Fung Kü Shaú, one of the natural and lawful sons,
Evarrista Luzia Santos dos Passos, willow and friend of the deceased,...
Lau Ngan Fun, the natural and lawful eldest son, Paú Ho Shi, the lawful widow,
Tsing A Lai, the natural and lawful brother, Arathoon Seth, Official Administrator,
Chew Wong Shi, the lawful widow,
Total,
84
Table VIII
RETURN OF ESTATES OF INTESTATES for the first half-year ended 30th June, 1905.
(Ordinance 2 of 1897, sec. 28.)
Amount Deductions received
Balance on
Name of Deceased.
on account of Estate.
for Disbure-
ments.
closing
Disposal of Balance.
account.
..
..
$ G.
Tse Yan Cho alias Tse Yick Chi, 2,495.15
385.25
2,109.90 Paid into the Treasury.
J. Douglas,
Alfred Wright,
Friedrick Schürek,..........
James George Reid,
2.84
792.13
.14
235.28
2.70
556.85
Do.
Do.
2,318.76 181.35
2,137.41 Paid to Jardine, Matheson & Co.
505.13 381.21
123.92 Paid into the Treasury,
J. J. Spooner,.....
9.95
2.50
7.45
Do.
A. Murphy,
26.98
1.34
David Jones,
966.71
48.31
25.64 Paid to Mrs. Isabella Murphy, the widow.
918.37
F. Murphy,
16.83
.84
R. Home Cook,
35.00
1.75
15.99
33.25
Paid to H. K. Holmes, Solicitor, For the Executor..
Paid into the Treasury.
J. Rose Harmon,
175.00
8.75
Paid to N. J. Stabb, Attorney for Charles Cook.
163.25 Paid into the Treasury.
Mrs. A. J. C. Lecaroz,
14.00
.70
13.30
Do.
J. Lecaroz,
315.00
15.75
299.25
Do.
A. F. Ribeiro,................
70.00
3.50
66.50
Do.
Miss M. Dores da Silva,
7.00
.35
6.65
Do.
Pun Kat Sheung,
2,775,20
890.46
1,884.74
Do.
Harold F. Piper,
47.14
21.36
25.78
Do.
Denton E. Peterson,
15,082.16 1,537.71
13,544.45
Do.
P. S. West,.......
59.04
2.95
56 09
Do.
Tse Sung,
9.03
.03
Do.
Cheung Lam,
9.86
.86
Do.
Yan Shan,
1.00
.05
.95
Do.
Chu Show,
2.70
.14
2.56
Do.
Leung Teng,
.26
.26
Do.
G. F. W. Lulirss,
357.55
30 08
327.47
Do.
Gurmikh Singh,..
58.19
2.91
55.28
Do.
Muna Singh,
37.00
17.35
19.65
Paid to Narain Singh.
E. Marsal,
1,132.77
184.64
948.13
Paid into the Treasury.
Wing Spek,
.73
.73
Do.
Chinese passenger S. S. Hyson,
(name unknown),
11.00
.55
10.45
Do.
Chan Fook......
110.00
14.70
95-30 Paid to Chan Kwai, the brother.
Koshall Singh,
12.96
.65
Edward L. Heath,
230.47
.65
12.31 Paid to Deputy Commissioner Amsitsa Punjrab, India.
230.47 | Paid into the Treasury.
A. G. Apcar, (Old Estate),
65 70
16.79
$48.91
Do.
James McLachlan,.....
171.72
44.67
127.05
Do.
Sheung Lee Suen, ........
200.00
200.00
Do.
$ 28,106.96 4,032.06 24,074.90
*
85
Table VIII. (a).
RETURN of ESTATES of INTESTATES for the second half-year ending 31st December, 1905. (Ordinance 2 of 1897, sec. 28).
Amount Deductions
received on
Name of Deceased.
account of Estate.
for disburse-
Balance on closing account.
Disposal of Balance.
ments.
C.
C.
C.
J. Odoire,
342.66
97.76
244.90
John Patterson Martin,
130.31
15.72
114.59
Fung Ngan Chiu,
45.60
2.28
43.32
Ernest Angustus Earby,
974.72
82.84
891.89
Suknunden Singh,
762.87
66.21
696.66
A. W. Greenaway,
55.70
2.79
52.91
Chung Ying,
.20
.20
Paid to J. Odoire, the father.
Paid into the Treasury.
Paid to Fung Shek Shi, the widow. Paid into the Treasury.
Do.
Paid to Capt. C. G. Spedding, Command-
ing Detachment, A. O. C.
Paid into the Treasury.
D'Jalma Encarnação,.............
4.00
.20
3.80
Do.
*
John Grindrod,
23.20
1.16
22.04
Do.
Chan Ng,
:40
.40
Do.
A. McDounell otherwise, Joseph
19.37
.97
18.40
Do.
Alex McDonald,
Leong Tai,
261.78
Ebram E. Abraham (old Estate),
49.23
34.79.
2.46
226.99 46.77
Do.
Paid to Kwok Ngan Abraham, the widow
2,670.04
307.18
2,352.86
Table IX.
RETURN of all SUMS RECEIVED as REVENUE in the REGISTRY of the SUPREME COURT, during the year 1905.
Original Jurisdiction,
Summary Do.
Bankruptcy Do.
Probate
Do.
Admiralty Do.
Official Administrator's Commission,
Official Trustee's Commission,
Bailiff's Fees, (including what was hitherto described as Sheriff's Fees),
Fees on Distraints,
Registrar of Companies' Fees,
Fines and Forfeitures,...
$ 23,519.25
C.
8,643.25
2,620.07
8,845.15
818.50
2,158.53
·
2,767.94
1,729.00
2,800.00
7,583.00
500.00
$ 61,984.69
Table IX. (a).
COMPARATIVE RETURN of all SUMS COLLECTED in the REGISTRY of the SUPReme Court,
during the year 1905, and paid int the TREASURY.
1904.
1905.
REGISTRAR.--Court fees paid by Stamps,
$ C. 37,323.35
$ c. 47,246.22
OFFICIAL ADMINISTRATOR.-5 % on amounts encashed and paid into
the Treasury,
2,201.27
2,158.53
OFFICIAL TRUSTER.-2% on amount of Trust on taking over up to $10,000, above $10,000 Cominission 1 %, & 2 % on income, BAILIFF'S FEES.-(including what was hitherto described as She-
riff's Fees), ..
2,767.94
1,450.00
1,729.00
REGISTRAR OF COMPANIES,
7,378.75
7,583.00
FINES AND FORFEITURES,
755.00
500.00
MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS,
$ 49,108.37
61,984.69
Unclaimed Balances of Intestate Estates,..
$ 49,108.37
$61,984.69
}
351
Annexe H.
REPORT OF THE INSPECTING MEDICAL OFFICER TO
THE TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.
The Admissions to the Tung Wah Hospital during the past ten years have been as follows:-
1896,
1897,
1898,
1899,
1900,
1901,
1902,
1903,
1904,
1905,
.2,041
2,776
2,898
2,542
2,9 1
2,989
2,576
•
2,457
2,667
.2,833
At the beginning of the year 1905 there were 161 patients remaining in the wards from the previous year; 2,833 were admitted during 1905, making a total of 2,994 cases; 1,710 were discharged; 1,114 died; leaving 170 in the Hospital at the close of the year.
Of the 2,833 adinissions, 120 were transferred for treatment to other institutions, as follows: 13 to Government Civil Hospital, 31 to Kennedy Town Hospital, 44 to the Tung Wah Plague Branch Hospital at Kennedy Town, I to the Italian Convent, and 31 cases of Beri-beri to the care of a Charitable Society in Canton.
Of the fatal cases, 267 were in a dying condition at the time of admission, and died within 24 hours.
There remains a net total of 2,446 patients actually treated in the Tung Wah Hospital, of whom 1,237, i.e, 50.6 per cent., were under treatment by European methods, and 1,209, i.e., 49.4 per cent., under Chinese native treatment.
The number of visits to the Out-Patient Department was 66,773.
2,004 persons were vaccinated at, and in connection with, the Hospital.
856 destitute persons were temporarily sheltered and fed, until they could be sent on to their native villages or otherwise provided for.
551 dead bodies were brought to the Hospital mortuary to await burial. In the case of as many as possible a diagnosis of the cause of death is made from the general appearance combined with the results of cross-questioning of relatives for purposes of registration. While this is unscientific and not entirely satisfactory, it is a necessary concession to Chi- nese feeling on the subject of interference with the dead body; and the result of this is, that whenever it seems desirable for medico-legal or public health reasons, or because of con- tradictory evidence regarding the illuess preceding death, to require an internal post-mortem examination, no objection is ever now made by the Hospital authorities. 128 of the bodies brought in dead, and also 124 bodies of persons who died in the Hospital, chiefly of persons moribund at admission, i.e., 252 bodies in all, were sent to the Government Public Mortuary for internal examination.
Free burial was provided by the Hospital for the bodies of 2,291 poor people.
As in previous years, the Tung Wah Hospital was used as a convenient centre for the observation and diagnosis of cases believed or suspected to be Plague, and while Plague was prevalent two large airy wards near the ordinary Receiving Ward were set apart for this
purpose.
The Plague Branch Hospital at Kennedy Town was opened on 1st June, and remained in use till 16th September. There were 45 admissions, 33 males and 12 females, of whom 37 died, i.e., 82.2 per cent., and 8 recovered. Of the 45 cases, 31 were bubonic, and 14 septicæmic. No employée of the Hospital or of its Plague branch contracted Plague.
Not much operative work is as yet undertaken at the Tung Wah Hospital, on account of the unfavourable conditions as to nursing available. As often as possible serious surgical cases are persuaded to permit themselves to be transferred to the Civil Hospital. A con- siderable number of minor operations were performed, however, and a few of greater im- portance, including 2 Lithotomies, Amputation of Arm, and removal of Tumours (Epithe- lioma of Penis, Sarcoma of Neck, Fibroids, etc.).
The Western-treating staff has been augmented by the addition of another student of the Hongkong College of Medicine for Chinese, so that Dr. JEU HAUK has now three students as resident assistants, one of them doing the vaccinations, and the other two acting as dispensers and surgical dressers.
352
An Eye Clinique for out-patients was commenced in December, and is now being carried on regularly. With the cordial consent of the Directors an arrangement was made with Dr. G. M. HARSTON to attend on Fridays at 5 p.m. to treat cases of eye disease, and Dr. HARSTON expresses himself willing to come twice a week if the number of patients should render it desirable. This is an important forward movement in the work of the Hospital, both from the point of view of the need existing among the Chinese for such a provision for the treatment of ophthalmic disease, and on account of the introduction with the hearty concurrence of the Directorate of an English ophthalmic surgeon into the Hospital. Here may suitably be acknowledged the unfailing courtesy and consideration of the Directors in all their relations with the Inspecting Medical Officers, whose suggestions have been most carefully carried into effect.
Dr. Kocн acted as Inspecting Medical Officer from the beginning of the year till 15th March.
The following Tables are attached: -
I. Return of Diseases and Deaths during the year 1905.
II. Proportion of cases treated by European and Chinese methods respectively. III. General Statistics relating to the Hospital during 1905.
IV. Vaccinations at, and in connection with, the Tung Wah Hospital during 1905. Attention may be directed to the number of cases of Beri-beri and of Malaria admitted during the year. In the former there is a steady increase, in the latter a satisfactory dimi- nution, year by year.
Reviewing the past nine years (the figures for 1896 to complete the decade are unfor- tunately not available), the figures are as follows:-
Malaria.
Beri-beri.
Admissions.
Deaths.
Admissions. Deaths.
1897,
.173...
..102.
102........
.571....
191
1898,
.168..
84.
.521..
122
1899.
9
..279.
.123..
.305...
58
1900,
.361
.214.
.541..
159
1901,.
.412.
219..
.507.
....122
1902,.
.414.
217.
.403....
....119
1903,.
.277.....
170....
221...
61
1904,.
.742....
.329....
..212..
56
1905,....
731..
.334...
.153..
48
There is manifestly a serious increase of the prevalence of Beri-beri in the Colony. The mortality in the Tung Wah Hospital during the past two years has been 45%: informer years it was even higher. The malignancy of the disease varies widely in different countries. SCHEUBE giving 3.7% as the rate of mortality in Japan, and DA SILVA LIMA giving 50.8% to 74.5% as the rate of mortality in Brazil. Probably the mortality noted in the Tung Wah Hospital is the rate of mortality among the severe cases, and the real mortality is much lower, as there are many mild cases that do not require to enter hospital. But at the best Beri-beri is a most deadly disease, and is now alarmingly prevalent in this Colony.
It is satisfactory to turn from the subject of Beri-beri to consider the figures given for Malaria. The marked diminution in the number of cases is coincident with the anti-malarial measures adopted in recent years by the Government. The great majority of the cases have come from outlying districts. The high case-mortality is due to the circumstance that the Chinese regard ordinary fever with comparative indifference, and that consequently most of the cases coming into hospital are of the most severe types, many arriving in à comatose state. Under the vigorous use of quinine hypodermically not a few of the apparently most hopeless cases recover, but treatment fails in many.
While the diminished figures relating to Malaria must be regarded with much satis- faction, it is probable that the drop will not continue to the same extent that may reasona- bly be looked for in statistics relating to Europeans in the Colony, as many of the patients come directly from the country districts for treatment, and many more come indirectly from the country through the daily large influx of Chinese to the Colony by the river steamers. Such persons will continue to develop in Hongkong Malaria contracted elsewhere, perhaps months, even years, previously.
?
The Hospital has been regularly inspected by Visiting Justices twice monthly, and on all occasious has been certified by them to have been found clean and in good order.
J. C. THOMSON, M.D., D.T.M., D.P.H.
353
Table I.
DISEASES and DEATHS in the TUNG WAH HOSPITAL, during the year.
DISEASES.
GENERAL DISEASES.
Remain- ing in Hospital at end of 1904.
Yearly Total.
Remain-
Total
Cases
ing in Hospital
Remarks.
Treated. at end of
Admissions Deaths.
1905.
Small-pox, Diphtheria, Cholera, Dysentery,
*
4
1
1
1
1
1
87
50
87
Plague,
*
111
34
111.
Malarial Fever :-
1. Quartan,
11
2. Simple Tertian,
36
3. Maliguant,
1
96
42
Malarial Cachexia,
10
Beri-beri,..
56
731
334
Erysipelas,
2
10
1
Septicæmia, Tetanus,
Tubercle,
Leprosy :-
Tubercular,
27
22
6
4
ཡ ོངཎྜལ་༤
36
787
50
12
5
1
...
5
21
10
3
7
→↓
:
Syphilis :-
(a) Primary,
(b) Secondary,
Rheumatism,
New Growth, non-malignant,
New Growth, maliguant,..
Anæmia,
Debility,
I
LOCAL DISEASES.
Diseases of Nervous System.
SUB-SECTION 1.
Diseases of the Nerves:
Neuritis,
Meningitis,
Abscess of Brain,
SUB-SECTION 2.
Functional Nervous Disorders
Apoplexy,
Paralysis,
Epilepsy,
Hysteria,
SUB-SECTION 3.
Mental Diseases :-
7
1.
32
23
8-- ேே6
60
50
10::2:2
6
64
6
34
3
1
24
2
1
15
57
26
5
1
296
11
10
12
22
5
25
7
1
10
1
I
::
Idiocy,
Mania,
Melancholia,
Dementia,
Diseases of the Eye,
">
""
Circulatory System,
107
59
""
Respiratory System,
33
615
19
Digestive System,
6
32223532
10 10 10 00
18
22
3
44
107
377
648
28
116
268
4
39
""
Lymphatic System,
20
20
""
""
Urinary System,
2
30
32
:
""
""
Generative System, :--
Male Organs,
Female Organs,
Organs of Locomotion,
99
"
Cellular Tissue,.
6
""
Skin,
13
106
31228
13
1
2
72
78
8
119
18
""
24
Injuries :-
Poisons, Parturition,
Local,
11
183
6
Co
194
12
1
1
13
:~
2
13
5
Total,
161
2,833
1,114
2,994
170
* Transferred at once, unless moribund, to Kennedy Town.
叠
354
Table II.
Admissions and Mortality in the Tung Wah Hospital, during the year, with the proportion of cases treated by European and Chinese methods respectively.
ADMISSIONS.
DEATHS
General Discases :-
European Chinese Treatinent. Treatment.
Total.
European Chinese Treatment. Treatment.
Total.
Small-pox*
4
4
1
1
Diphtheria,
1
1
1
1
Cholera,
1
1
1
1
Dysentery,
35
52
87
19
31
50
Plague,*
111
111
34
34
:
Malarial Fever:
1. Quartan,.
6
5
11
2. Simple Tertian,
10
26
36
...
3. Malignant,
48
48
96
20
22
42
Malarial Cachexia,
6
4
10
3
3
6
Beri-beri,......
Erysipelas,
Septicemia,
373
358
731
147
187
334
10
10
1
1
14
13
27
11
11
22
Tetanus,
2
4
6
1
3
4
Tubercle,
Leprosy, Tubercular,.
Syphilis :-
(a) Primary, (6) Secondary,
Rheumatism,
New Growth :-
12
9
21
W
3
10
7
7
2
2
6
6
.....
49
11
14
18
13
60
6
32
(a) Non-malignant,
1
1
:
(b) Malignant,
21
2
23
9
Anæmia,
I
Ι
Debility,
30
20
50
-1
1
10
8
15
Local Diseases :-
Diseases of the-
Nervous System,
36
22
58
14
22
Eye,.....
18
18
•
Circulatory System,
60
47
107
21
23
44
Respiratory System,
258
357
615
159
218
377
Digestive System,
10.5
157
262
38
78
116
Lymphatic System,
17
3
20
Urinary System,....
17
13
30
8
Gencrative System :-
(a) Male Organs,
9
4
13
(b) Female Organs,
1
}
Organs of Locomotion,
1
}
2
ellular Tissue,
38
34
72
kin,
61
45
106
Injuries, Local,
75
103
183
1
10
6
Poison, Opium,
1
1
:
Parturition,
13
13
2
2
Less moribund cases,
1,471 135
1,362
2,833
505
609
1,114
132
267
135
132
267
1,336
1,230
2,566
370
477
847
Less transferred elsewhere,
99
21
120
Net Total treated,
1,237
1,209
2,446
370
477
847
* Transferred at once, unless moribund, to Kennedy Town.
Table III.-GENERAL STATISTICS relating to the TUNG WAH HOSPITAL during the
year.
Patients.
Remaining in Hospital at end of 1904.
Admissions.
Total Cases
Treated.
Discharged.
Died.
Remaining in Hospital at
Out-patients. Vaccinations.
end of 1905.
Destitute
Persons
Sheltered.
Dear Bodies brought to
Hospital Mortuary
for Burial.
Free Burials provided for Poor Persons.
Males,
111
Females,
50
2,409
424
2,520
474.
1,471
921
128
49,689
239
193
42
17,084
858
1,146
856
395
156
Total,
161
2,833
2,994
1,710
1,114
170
66,773
2,004
856
551
2,291
Samshuipo.
Kowloon City.
Total.
Table IV.-VACCINATIONS at, and in connection with, the TUNG WAH HOSPITAL, during the year.
Victoria.
Shaukiwan.
Aberdeen.
Stanley.
Shek O.
Yaumati.
Hunghom.
1,680
23
22
39
15
23
119
50
44
12
2,004
AM.
355
356
Annexe I
REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT OF THE ALICE MEMORIAL AND NETHERSOLE HOSPITALS.
Table I.
ALICE MEMORIAL HOSPITAL.
RETURN of DISEASES and DEATHS.
DISEASES.
Remain- ing in Hospital at end of
Remain-
Yearly Total.
Total Cases
ing in Hospital
Remarks.
Admissions Deaths.
1904.
Treated. at end of
1905.
GENERAL DISEASES.
Febricula,
1
Enteric Fever,
Dysentery,
1
1
Malarial Fever,
11
Beri-beri,
4
2
Tubercle,
10
Syphilis, Tertiary,
6
Opium Habit,
1
6
Rheumatism,
New Growth, nou-malignant,
New Growth, malignant,
5
6
10
1
10
Ι
-12
12
Anæmia,
Debility,
LOCAL DISEASES.
2
1
Diseases of Nervous System.
Functional Nervous Disorders :—
Apoplexy,
Paralysis,
Diseases of the Eye,
I
1
5
9
100
109
Nose,
180-
5
44
6
6
>>
"
Digestive System,
""
""
"7
Male Organs,
"
33
>>
Skin
Circulatory System,
Respiratory System,
Urinary System,
Organs of Locomotion, Cellular Tissue,
3
3
11
:
32
2
21
♡ 4 I
3
11
4
32
1
1
23
4
:
3
5
8
34
37
28.
30
CO --
3
1
Injuries, Local, Malformations,
26
1
28
3
2
3
Total,
28
351
18
379
24
Labour,
Table II.
ALICE MEMORIAL MATERNITY HOSPITAL.
RETURN of DISEASES and DEATHS.
DISEASES.
Remain- ing in Hospital at end of
Yearly Total.
Remain-
Total
ing in
Cases Hospital Treated. at end of
Remarks.
Admissions Deaths.
1904.
1905.
1
45
]
46
4
LOCAL DISEASES.
Diseases of Digestive System,
Urinary System,
Female Organs,
29
"
""
Organs of Locomotion,
225 T
22101d
5
Out-patients attended at their houses by Dr. SIBREE :-Labour cases, 22.
Out-patients attended at their houses by Government Midwives (Chinese) under the superintendence of Dr. SIBREE :- Labour cases, 23.
DISEASES.
357
TABLE III.-NETHERSOLE HOSPITAL.
RETURN of DISEASES and DEATHS.
Remain- ing in Hospital
Yearly Total.
Remain-
Total
ing in
Cases
Hospital
at end of
Treated. at end of
Admissions' Deaths.
1904.
1905.
GENERAL DISEASES.
Fabricula,
Dysentery,
Malarial Fever,
Beri-beri,
Septicæmia,
Tetanus,
Tubercle,
Syphilis, Tertiary,
Rheumatism,
""
Rheumatic Fever,
New Growth, non-maliguant, New Growth, malignant,
Anæmia,
LOCAL DISEASES.
Diseases of Nervous System.
SUB-SECTION 1.
Diseases of the Nerves:-
Meningitis,
SUB-SECTION 2.
Functional Nervous Disorders
Epilepsy,
Diseases of the Eye,
""
Ear,
Circulatory System, Respiratory System,
1
21
10
2
10
5
18
3 6
24OON NDNN - Q∞∞
2
O
:
2
11
2
2
2
23
2
.9
1
1
1
1
:
1
1
Ι
2
1
7
96
103
༠་ྲ
:
2
2
9
13
1
31
32
:* ⠀ ⠀ ⠀
>>
Digestive System,
19
19
2
""
Urinary System,
5
5
""
Generative System,
1
39
"
Female Organs,
4
Organs of Locomotion,
6
""
""
Cellular Tissue,
22
Skin,
16
722
1
20
1
Injuries, General
Local,
Malformations,
Parasites,
1.
1
1
5
9 63 10
1
9
3
Effects of Heat,
Total,
29
300
28
329
16
Remarks.
I. E. MITCHEll, m.d.
358
Annexe J.
· REPORT OF THE GOVERNMENT BACTERIOLOGIST.
>
The new Public Mortuary has given great satisfaction. Post-mortem examinations can now be conducted under the most favourable circumstances, even during the hottest seasons of the year.
The construction of the buildings, according to modern principles, has reduced to a minimum the dangers attached to this particular work. The whole compound has been regularly cleansed daily throughout the year. The laboratory accommodation is also so constructed as to allow of the most varied naked eye and microscopic pathology being undertaken.
The Bacteriological Institute was completed towards the end of the year. The internal fittings being somewhat complicated, require considerable care and time. Systematic research, therefore, has not yet commenced. In my next year's Report, I hope to be able to give a full account of this Institution and its special qualifications for carrying out bacteriological research under the best of conditions. In my opinion, the building and its equipment will be difficult to beat East of Suez.
During the past year, the routine examination of rats has been carried out by my Laboratory Assistant, Dr. LEE Yin Sze. This officer has performed his duties to my satis- faction. On the termination of Dr. LEE's agreement with the Government, it was considered advisable to recommend the appointment of a qualified Assistant from England. I am glad to say that such an appointment has now been sanctioned and Dr. C. M. HEANLEY, the newly appointed Assistant Bacteriologist, is on his way to Hongkong.
All
No case of sickness occurred amongst the members of my staff during the year. those engaged with me at the Public Mortuary are vaccinated annually, as they frequently come into close contact with cases of Small-pox, during the prevalence of this disease in the early part of each year.
The
The question of "dumping" is specially dealt with in the Report. It would not appear that this practice is more prevalent during plague seasons than at other times. majority of plague cases is not dumped.
Since I assumed the duties of Medical Officer in charge of the Public Mortuary, I have often come across cases in which a post-mortem examination revealed but little evidence of the cause of death. Such a statement may, on first thought, appear somewhat extravagant to many people, yet its truths are only too apparent in Hongkong, where, in the majority of cases, no reliable previous history of the individual is obtainable. The conditions, under which autopsies have to be performed in the Hongkong Morgue, are very different from those obtained at home. In Europe, apart from a few isolated cases, the pathologist obtains some history of the illness, or other factors, which guide him in arriving at a diagnosis. In ngkong, however, the diagnosis has to be made from a pure pathological standpoint.
In
This has an important medico-legal bearing Many cases of concealed murder cannot be detected by an autopsy alone, or at least, they are not likely to be discovered except, either by a happy chance or preternatural ingenuity on the part of the medical man. many diseases, it is absolutely impossible to determine the cause of death by a post-mortem examination. One has only to think of some acute zymotics, e.g., whooping cough or a disease like epilepsy, in order to be convinced of the hopelessness of the pathological task in the absence of clinical or other data. In a large number of cases, I return the cause of
1 death in children, as marasmus. I arrive at this diagnosis from the condition of atrophy, wasting, and diarrhoea, yet my post-mortem examination shows nothing in any internal organ to which death could be ascribed. The autopsy does not show why the thread of life has been snapped. Again, in cases of prematurity, where is the post-mortem evidence of the exact cause of death? In olden times, such cases would have been described as death from the visitation of God. In the great majority of cases of all causes of death, the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, etc.. each or all of them may be diseased. What is the condition in any one or all of them, which is incompatible with life? It is in such cases that the absence of a definite clinical or previous history becomes of so great moment. From pure pathological appearances alone, one must, from a medico-legal standpoint, con- clude, that the presence of extensive disease of such and such an organ, would be sufficient to account for death, and may have caused it now. When we come to the forensic side of
AP ANNEXE L.
18572
REPORT OF THE COLONIAL VETERINARY SURGEON.
GENERAL STATISTICS.
Cattle and sheep were scarcer than in 1904. This is attributed by importers to a scarcity of animals in the interior and to restrictions and duties imposed by the Chinese Government or local authorities. The stall-feeding of cattle appears to be gradually in- creasing in the neighbourhood of Canton but it is to be regretted that Manila by the induce- ment of higher prices still gets the best of the animals.
The total number of the cattle dealt with at Kennedy Town was 49,412, a decrease on 1904 of 8,993. Hunghom admitted 5,046, a decrease on 1904 of 565. This gives a total decrease over all of 9,558 cattle, as compared with 1904. The rejections as unfit for slaughter amounted at Kennedy Town to 672, against 499 in 1904. At Hung Hom 219 were rejected, against 34 in 1904, and 406 in 1903. The chief cause of rejection is simply
emaciation.
DISEASES.
The following are the most noteworthy diseases met with during the year in the Depôt and Slaughter Houses.
Anthrax.-Four cases occurred, one each in January, April, May and July. In all cases but one the animals (cattle) were imported suffering from the disease, and died within twenty-four hours after landing. In the remaining case the animal, a bullock, had been in. the Depôt for ten days. Infection is supposed to have been conveyed in the fodder though direct proof is wanting.
Hæmorrhagic Septicemia. There was only one outbreak when thirteen cattle in all were attacked. Of these, five died and eight recovered. The disease was of a milder type than that met with in former years and did not extend beyond the lot first attacked.
Foot-and-Mouth Disease.-This disease is practically always present in the Depôts and is freshly imported with almost every lot of cattle. It is always of a mild type and causes, except in very young calves, little or no constitutional disturbance.
Tuberculosis.-There were no cases seen in Chinese cattle. Ouly one case was met with in a European cow at the Slaughter House and the chief interest in this case lies in the fact that apart from the commoner lesions seen in the viscera, the meninges of the brain round the base, under part of the cerebellum, and medulla, were sprinkled over with small tubercular nodules about the size of a mustard seed. The animal had shown brain symptoms before slaughter but was otherwise in good condition.
PARASITES.
Parasites are daily met with and often in considerable numbers. In addition to those mentioned in former reports the following have been noted :-
Distomum Pancreaticum.-This distome is found in the pancreatic ducts of Chinese. cattle and water buffaloes. It appears to cause little alteration in the substance of the gland. The ducts becaine dilated and are at times, so packed full of the parasite as to appear like dilated and tortuous veins running through the substance of the gland. The presence of the parasite even in large numbers appears to have very little effect on the general health of the animal infested. This parasite closely resembles in size and appearance the Distonium Lanceolatum of the liver of the ox and sheep.
Distomum Crassum.-This distome was found in the intestine and stomach of the pig but seldom in large numbers. Three to ten or twelve were usually seen.
Echinorynchus Gigas.-This is a round worm found in the intestine of the pig. Its anterior end is furnished with powerful spines by means of which it fixes itself to the wall of the intestine producing a deep ulcer which often extends into the muscular coat of the bowel. It seems to attain an especially large size in Hongkong frequently measuring nine- teen inches in length and as thick as a common lead-pencil.
393
Balbiania Gigantea. The most common habitat of this parasite in Hongkong is the red muscle tissue of the oesophagus of the Chinese water buffalo. In two cases in water buffaloes the infection had extended beyond this. In one the invasion extended to the muscles of the shoulder, neck and tongue, and in the other case the entire carcase was in- fested so badly that an incision made into any part of the muscle tissue showed one or more parasites. The carcases were destroyed.
Trichinosis. A search for the trichina spiralis has been kept up during the year. Por- tions of muscle tissue from 560 pigs have been examined microscopically, but so far no case has been discovered.
BUILDINGS.
There are no new buildings or alterations to record.
CATTLE CREMATORIUM.
The following is a statement of the working of the cattle crematorium for the year:-
Carcases cremated.
Cattle including calves,
Sheep and goats,
Swine,
100
120
474
694
Miscellaneous cremated.
Beef injured and diseased,
Mutton
Tins unwholesome preserved meats,. Biscuits,
Refuse cell.
Street rubbish, experimental burning,
Coal used.
Cattle crematorium,.. Refuse cell,
9,006 lbs. 94 lbs. 174
.17,920 lbs.
3 tous.
Tone. cwt. lbs.
30. 0. 0
1.15.40
Total,
31.15.40
Reckoning the condemned beef, 9,006 lbs.. as equivalent to 14 bullocks of 650 lbs. each. this gives a total of 708 carcases cremated by 30 tons of coal or about 847 cwts. per carcase, Coal during 1905 cost $11 per ton which gives a cost of 46 odd cents per carcase cremated. In 1904 the total amount per head was 826 cwts. per carcase and the cost per head with coal at $11.50 per ton was 47 odd cents per carcase. Towards the end of the year the firebrick lining of the cremating furnace began to get burnt out and this more or less interfered with economical stoking.
SLAUGHTER HOUSES.
Kennedy Town.The revenue for the year which shows a decrease on last year's work- ing of $4,998.80 is made up as follows :-
21,266 Cattle slaughtered
16,764 Sheep slaughtered 148,216 Swine slaughtered
27,433 Cattle exported 10,796 Sheep exported 13,250 Swine exported 1 Duplicate order
Total,
@ 40 cents each, $ 8,506.40
•
""
20 30
>>
3,352.80
"}
44,464.80
50
">
13,716.50
10
10
59
25
>>
1,079.60 1,325.00 .25
$72,445.35
394
Hung Hom.-The Board collects revenue directly from the Depôt only. The Slaughter House is leased to a contractor. The total fees collected from the Depôt were $511.98.
Shaukiwan and Aberdeen.-The collection of fees is leased to a contractor.
The total revenue derived from the Slaughter Houses and Animals Depôts was $90,093.33 and was made up as follows:-
Kennedy Town fees collected,
Hung Hom
11
Contract for the privilege of removing blood and hair at
Kennedy Town,
.$72,445.35
511.98
:
6,744.00
Contract for the privilege of slaughtering at Hung Hom,
Shaukiwan and Aberdeen,
10,392.00
$90,093.33
The number of animals slaughtered in the Colony were:-
Kennedy Town,
Hung Hom,...
Shaukiwan,
Cattle.
.21,266
5,492
Sheep and Goats.
Swine.
16,764 3,010
148,216
25,816
8,310
Aberdeen,
3,717
Totals,........
.26,758
19,774
186,059
Grand Total of all animals,.....
.232,591
The figures given for Shaukiwan and Aberdeen are got from the contractors' books and are given with only his statement for their accuracy.
The following Table shows the numbers of animals slaughtered during the past ten years:
YEAR.
Cattle.
Sheep & Goats.
Swine.
1896
19,546
14,693
129,103
1897
20,094
14,226
137,748
1898
21,541
15,956
153.485
1899
23,582
17,353
156,292
1900
23,939
18,364
165,760
1901
24,938
18,541
172,205
1902
25,669
20.780
202,495
1903
28,335
22,918
187,265
1904
30,829
23.736
181,046
1905
26,758
19.774
186,059
The decrease in cattle and sheep and goats took place at Kennedy Town and Hung Hom. Kennedy Town shows a decrease in pigs but this is more than made up by increases in Hung Hom, Shaukiwan and Aberdeen.
DAIRIES AND CATTLE SHEDS.
During the year 572 visits have been made to dairies and cowsheds. No case of in- fectious disease occurred and the general condition of the sheds, with few exceptions, was good. One dairy was prosecuted for selling watered milk and was fined $100. The remainder of the milk prosecutions were undertaken by the Medical Officer of Health.
MARKETS AND FOOD SHOPS.
3,120 visits were paid to food shops, that is, premises licensed for the sale of articles of food usually sold in a public market. These shops while they seldom actually infringe the law take more than their fair share of supervision.
There is little that is worthy of note regarding the markets.
395
Des Voeux Road Temporary Market.--There has been a little improvement in the business done here but the improvement that was expected from the closing in 1903 of the licensed food shops in the central districts of the town has hardly been realized.
Western Market. There has been no improvement in the sanitary condition of this market nor can much be expected. At the close of the year the new market was nearing completion.
Mong-kok-tsui Market.-A new market has been erected here to keep pace with the growth of the district. It was finished and handed over to the Board at the close of the year.
Dead fowls found in the market during the year were sent to the Government Bacte- riologist for examination for plague, but none were returned as infected.
Altogether 14 plague infected rats were found in the markets and were distributed as follows: 12 in the Western Market, 1 in the Sai Ying Pun Market and 1 in the Shek-tong- tsui Market.
Frozen meat to the extent of 618,162 lbs. has been imported from Australia by the Dairy Farm Company, Limited during the year. There can be little doubt that this has had a considerable effect on the amount of meat killed in Hongkong and explains to some extent the decrease in the numbers of cattle and sheep slaughtered.
ORDINANCE No. 15 or 1903.
Under this Ordinance 155 visits of inspection have been made to ships exporting more than 10 head of cattle from the Colony, and certificates have been granted as to the fitness of these ships to carry cattle. In the great majority of instances the visit is a purely formal one since these ships are nearly all permanently fitted to carry cattle and it is to the interest of the shipowner as well as the cattle shipper to see that these fittings are maintained. The shipping companies have been uniformly kind enough to put a launch at my disposal when going to and from their ships.
NEW TERRITORY.
There were no outbreaks of infectious disease among cattle in the New Territory. At Sheong Sui an epidemic of fowl cholera occurrea but on adopting the same procedure, viz., stopping all the traffic in fowls in and out of the village, as in a similar outbreak in the same village in 1904, the disease did not extend further.
STAFF.
Kennedy Town-The Animals Depôts and Slaughter House have been in charge of Senior Inspector WATSON and Inspector COTTON. -
Mr. WONG KIN Tsor resigned his appointment as shroff and was succeeded by Mr. YUNG KAI Ü.
Inspector of Markets, Kowloon.-Inspector ROGERS returned from leave in March and took over the work which was then being done by Inspector BRETT.
Inspector of Markets, Hongkong.-Inspector BRETT went on leave in March and his duties were distributed between Inspector ROGERS and Mr. JOHANSSEN, Overseer of the Central Market. At the end of the year, Inspector BRETT was still on leave.
ADAM GIBSON, M.R.C.V.S.
-
:
396
Annexe M.
REPORT OF THE SANITARY SURVEYOR.
NEW HOUSE DRAINS.
1. Plans have been deposited and passed by me during the year for the drainage of 152 houses. The plans of 281 were carried forward from 1904, making a total of 433 in hand during the year.
2. The drainage of 189 houses has been completed and the plans for 25 have been cancelled, leaving 219 to carry forward to 1906.
RE-DRAINAGE AND ADDITIONS.
3. In addition to the above, plans for redrainage of or additions to the drainage of 90 houses were carried forward from 1904 and new plans have been received for 252 houses making a total of 342 for the year. Of these, 193 have been completed and 13 cancelled, leaving 136 to be carried forward to 1906.
4. A summary of the above is appended in Tables I, II and III.
INSPECTION OF PRIVATE HOUSE DRAINS.
5. The drains of 131 houses have been tested and reported on, in consequence of com- plaints having been received regarding them. Of this number, 129 required re-constructing, and 2 amending.
Notices were served on the owners of the above 131 houses calling upon them to execute the necessary work.
All of these have been complied with. 18,628 houses have been visited by the Drainage Inspectors with the result that 1,900 drainage nuisances have been discovered. 572 houses were found to have inadequate provision for carrying off rain water from the roofs.
Notices have been served in each case, on the owner or occupier, calling upon them to abate the nuisance.
All of these have been complied with. 38 nuisances have been referred to the Medical Officer of Health and 240 to the Hon. Director of Public Works to be dealt with by them.
582 choked drain traps on private property have been cleansed by the Drainage Foremen.
WATER-CLOSETS AND URINALS.
6. During the past year, water-closets and urinals have been erected in the following buildings, by permission of the Board, and have been connected to the public sewers:--
Hotel Mansion,
Royal Building,
Gas Works New Premises,
Blackhead's Factory, Shankiwan,
2 Pedder Street,
Kowloon Dock, Hunghom,
Water-closets. Urinals.
24
7
15
2
4
1
0
1
6
3
2
0
51
14
NEW BUILDINGS.
7. Certificates have been granted during the year under Section 84 of Ordinance 13 of 1901, for 20 houses, certifying that they have been built in accordance with the entire provisions of that Ordinance.
:
No. 1806
19
HONGKONG.
REPORT ON THE HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS, FOR THE YEAR APRIL 1ST, 1905, TO MARCH 31ST, 1906.
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
1. On March 31st, 1905, the total strength of the Corps was 269 (including Chinese Orderly Room Clerk). The total strength of the Corps on March 31st, 1906, is 274 (including Chinese Orderly Room Clerk).
Table I shows the Inspection State on that date.
I hope that there will be a further increase this year when the New Head Quarters are completed.
2. During the past Season, 2 members have died, 59 have resigned (2 on Medical Certificate, 18 in the Colony and 39 on leaving the Colony), 3 have been struck off for var- ious reasons.
It is satisfactory to note that this is the smallest number that has had to be struck off for many years, and as regards the resignations, a larger proportion than usual have left the Colony.
3. 69 new members have been enrolled.
4. The Hongkong Volunteer Reserve Association has at the present date a member- ship of 230, an increase of 76 during the past twelve months. It has become a very popular association. The members have carried out a large amount of rifle practice throughout the year and a very good average has been obtained. The members have the same privilege of obtaining ammunition at reduced cost as the Volunteers, and carry out their practice at the King's Park Range, Kowloon, which is more accessible than the Volunteer Range at Tai Hang. It has also been decided that a range shall be built for their use at the Peak.
The Association has revived the interest in rifle shooting in the Colony in a wonderful way,
and there is every reason to expect that the number of members will continue to in- crease. It is only fair to mention, however, that a certain number of recruits must necessarily be lost to the Corps annually, owing to the fact that those who are only interested in rifle shooting have greater facilities in the Reserve Association than in the Corps, but the minimum for members of the Association is 35 years, and if this is strictly adhered to in future it should not then greatly interfere with the numbers joining the Corps.
age
If the members of the Reserve Association had to carry out their rifle practice at the Volunteer Range, I think it is probable that their numbers would be reduced to 20 or 30, and considering the inaccessibility of this range, I consider that the Volunteers deserve great credit for the good results obtained in the China United Services Rifle Association Meeting in which they defeated the members of the Reserve in every event. I think it would be fairer to the Corps if the facilities for rifle practice could be made at least as favourable as those for the Reserve Association.
Table II is a nominal roll of the Reserve Association.
EQUIPMENT.
5. All the members of the Corps have now been equipped with the new Short Rifle. The Volunteer Troop have been equipped with the Paterson Rifle carrying equipment, which seems satisfactory. Swords have also recently arrived from England for the Troopers.
APPOINTMENTS, &c., OF OFFICERS AND STAFF.
6. The changes amongst the Officers of the Corps during the Season have been as follows:-
Staff.
Major C. G. PRITCHARD, R.A., returned from 6 months' leave of absence on September 26th, 1905.
2
451
Major A. CHAPMAN commanded the Corps during Major PRITCHARD's absence, and pro- ceeded to England on leave on 5th October, 1905.
Lieutenant E. A. R. LAING (Surgeon) resigned his commission on 30th June, 1905, on leaving the Colony.
Lieutenant J. H. SWAN (Surgeon) resigned his commission on 7th July, 1905.
Doctor CHARLES FORSYTH was appointed Lieutenant (Surgeon) on 7th July, 1905. Staff Armourer J. T. HAWKS resigned his appointment of Corps Armourer on leaving the Colony on Medical Certificate on March 23rd, 1906.
Hongkong Volunteer Troop.
Lieutenant W. J. GRESSON resigned his commission on May 18th, 1905, on leaving the
Colony.
1905.
Sergeant G. H. POTTS was appointed Lieutenant to command the Troop on May 31st,
Lieutenant G. H. POTTS resigned his commission on September 21st, 1905, on leaving the Colony.
1906.
Trooper C. H. Ross was appointed Lieutenant to command the Troop on January 3rd,
No. 1 Company, H. K. V. A.
Lieutenant J. W. L. OLIVER resigned his commission on May 31st, 1905, on leaving the
Colony.
Lieutenant J. D. DANBY resigned his commission on May 31st, 1905, on leaving the
Colony.
Sergeant-Major H. W. B. KENNETT, Sergeant J. S. GUBBAY, and Gunner J. T. HAYTON were appointed Second Lieutenants on 21st June, 1905, and were promoted to the rank of Lieutenants on March 12th, 1906.
Lieutenant G. P. LAMMERT was promoted to the rank of Captain on July 17th, 1905.
No. 2 Company, H. K. V. A.
Lieutenant E. G. BARRETT resigned his commission on May 8th, 1905.
Hongkong Volunteer Engineers.
Captain G. J. B. SAYER resigned his commission on January 17th, 1906, and received permission to wear the uniform of his rank whilst in Hongkong.
Lieutenant W. CRAKE was promoted to the rank of Captain on February 16th, 1906. Mr. F. O. REYNOLDS was appointed Second Lieutenant on January 8th, 1906.
DISCIPLINE, TRAINING, &C.
7. The discipline of the Corps has been very good.
The following Table gives the numbers of Efficients, &c. :-
NON-EFFICIENTS.
STAFF.
Efficients Efficients with more with less
than 30
Non-
Frills.
than 30
Drills.
On leave.
Medical
cate.
Recently without Certifi- joined.
Absent
leave.
efficients to pay fine.
Total.
Stuff,
H. K. V. Troop,
Right Half No. 1 Co. H. K. V. A.,
4 A
Left
""
""
Right Left
2
29
59
99
2
""
دو
4
2
14
35
12
I
19
9
35
2
1
44 ·
12
24
* 6
32
62
47
60
:
co
34
Hongkong Volunteer Engineers,
Total,.....
175
52
18
4
19
1
5
274
!
455
With reference to the above Table it is satisfactory to note that a far larger number than usual have attended over 30 drills; it may be mentioned that, without including the Staff, 12 members have attended over 100 drills, the record number being 177 credited to Bom- bardier F. O. DAY, Right Half No. 2 Company, H. K. V. A.
Table III is a nominal roll of Efficients.
8. Drills have been carried out throughout the year by the Artillery Units with the 15-pr. B. L. Guns and 303 Maxims in addition to Infantry Drill. The Troop have carried out frequent mounted drills, and the Engineer Company have had technical instruction at Kowloon with the oil engines and searchlights in addition to actual working in conjunction with the Royal Engineers with the various engines and searchlights in the Command.
All Units have taken part in Field Days together, and a number of the men have had a short training in entrenching.
9. On December 16th, 1905, a number of the members of the Corps took part in Field Firing in conjunction with the Royal Engineers and the Royal West Kent Regiment, and were praised for the way in which they carried out their duties.
10. On January 25th, 1906, (Chinese New Year's Day) the Corps took part in a Field Day; in the morning, half the Corps attacked a strong position held by the remainder, and in the afternoon the attacking force retired and took up a defensive position which was in turn attacked by the former defending force, this was a good opportunity for the Troop and the other Units to work in conjunction, and some good scouting work was done.
11. Early in February, 1906, a general mobilization of 3 sections of the defence took place in which the Navy formed the attacking force. The Artillery Units of the Corps were allotted 4 15-pr. B.L. guns and the Engineer Company assisted in working the search- lights at Stonecutters' on February 6th and 7th.
12. As already mentioned in the attached Camp Report, the Engineer Company completely fitted up the Camp at Stonecutters with electric light and worked it, during the whole period during which the Corps were under canvas, from the searchlight engines.
The Engineer Company has done excellent work throughout the year and the attend- ance at the night runs in the forts has been very good.
GUN PRACTICE, MUSKETRY, ETC.
13. 15-pr. B. L. Gun Practice was carried out on 23rd and 28th October, 1905. On both occasions it was thought advisable to fire by sections instead of firing as a Battery, this being a better training for the Officers for the actual duties they would be required to carry out on Mobilization. The targets were smaller and more difficult than usual and the rapid service of the guns was very satisfactory. Taking into consideration that in firing by sections practically every round was a ranging round for range or fuze, the results were very good indeed and show a general improvement in all ranks. (See Table IV and Appendix A, Camp Report.)
14 303 Maxim Practice was carried out on October 19th, 20th, 23rd and 28th, 1905, and on February 24th, 1906. (See Table V and Appendix A, Camp Report.)
15. Musketry was carried out during camp with better results than in previous years. Musketry Returns for the Volunteer Troop and Engineer Company are attached. (Tables VI & VII.)
16. Rifle shooting has been taken up with greater keenness than usual and the range at Tai-Hang has been in use regularly on at least two days a week and there have been numerous company competitions besides the general practice in the Rifle Club.
A successful rifle meeting under the auspices of the Rifle Club has just been brought to a close (April, 13th, 14th and 16th,1906) and I mention it in this report as it was really a 1905 meeting, but it was thought convenient to postpone it until Easter. A number of the members of the Corps also fired in the China United Services Rifle Association Meeting which I refer to under the head of Miscellaneous.
31.039 rounds S. A. ammunition were fired by the Corps during the year and 34,074 were supplied to the Reserve Association; it was therefore found necessary to order a larger supply than usual for 1906 and to reduce the Gun ammunition, but I would recommend an increased allowance for ammunition in the next Estimates to allow for this, as both gun practice and rifle shooting are of the utmost importance.
456
17. The Officers and Staff Sergeants carried out revolver practice, and Table VIII shows the high average obtained.
CAMP OF INSTRUCTION.
18. The Annual Camp was held at Stonecutters' Island from October 14th to October 30th, 1905-a period of 16 days instead of 10 days as recommended in my report last year, and Í attach a complete copy of my report on the Camp. (Appendix A.)
COMPETITIONS.
19. The following inter-unit Competitions took place during the year :-
(1.) His Excellency the Governor's Efficiency Cup.-The marks were alloted as in
1905, except that 2 marks were given for each efficient.
This was again won by Right Half No. 2 Company, H.K.V.A., mainly owing to the good marks obtained under the head musketry.
The following is the order of Efficiency
1. Right Half No. 2 Company, H.K.V.A., O.C., Captain ARMRTRONG.
2. Left Half No. 2
3. Left Half No. 1
4. Right Half No. 1
""
"}
5. H.K. Vol. Engineer Company, O.C.,
27
""
>>
>>
SKINNER. LAMMERT. MACDONALD. CRAKE.
""
(2.) The Blake Musketry Shield, for teams of 8 from each Unit, took place on April 29th, 1905, and was won for the fourth time in succession by Left Half No. 1 Company, H. K.V.A.
(3.) The Sanders Cup, presented by Captain SANDERS, a former Officer of the H.K.V.A., was competed for by the Artillery Units at 15-pdr. B.L. Gun Drill on January 13th, 1906, and was won by the Left Half No. 1 Company, H.K.V.A., (Acting O.C., Lieutenant GUBBAY).
(4.) The Gascoigne Shield for Maxim Gun Practice was fired for on February 24th, 1906, and was won after a close competition by Left Half No. 2 Company, H.K.V.A., (O.C., Captain SKINNER) with 197 points-Right Half No. 2 Company, H.K.V.A., (O. C., Captain ARMSTRONG) being 2nd with 193 points.
(5.) The members of the Troop took part in an instructive competition consisting of despatch riding in pairs, each pair riding together a certain distance to a given point where one man dismounted and proceeded across country on foot whilst the other led his pony the remainder of the distance, each man then had to fire a fixed number of rounds at a target and also to fill in various roads and places on a blank map against time. The winning pair- Corporal MoxoN and Trooper GEDGE-completed the course in excellent time and carried out their duties very well.
20. Bombardier J. MARSHALL won the Corps Rifle Championship.
MISCELLANEOUS.
21. An Ambulance Class was conducted by Lieutenant C. FORSYTH; 7 members presented themselves for examination and all passed.
22. A Semaphore Signalling Class was formed during the Summer months, and 7 members of the Corps passed a satisfactory examination, being able to send and receive messages at a fair pace.
23. The Corps took part in the King's Birthday parade in conjunction with the remainder of the Garrison on November 9th, 1905.
24. On February 9th, the Corps had the honour of parading and lining the entrance to Government House on the occasion of the arrival of H.R.H. Prince ARTHUR OF CONNAUGHT, K.G.
25. All the Officers of the Corps and a number of the N.C.O.s and men became mem- bers of the new China United Services Rifle Association which was formed early in 1906.
The first rifle meeting promoted by this Association was held from March 19th to 24th and the members of the Corps entered for all events and shot extremely well, they were somewhat unfortunate, however, in being second for every event.
457
In the Officers' team competition they lost by one point to the Officers 119th Infantry, coming, however, well ahead of the other 6 teams.
In the Championship of the Colony, Sergeant LAPSLEY, H.K.V.E., was second to an Officer of the 119th Infantry.
In the Nursery Competition, Gunner COLES was second to a Lce.-Corporal of the Royal West Kent Regiment.
In the Noel Cup, out of 16 entries, a Volunteer team was second to a team from H.M.S. Andromeda and received special praise from H.E. the G.O.C. for their work.
And lastly in the Hatton Cup, the Volunteer team was only beaten by the two teams of the Royal West Kent Regiment, and came before the Royal Artillery and Royal Engineers, the conditions for this cup were very hard for Volunteers who are mostly men from offices, the team consisted of two officers (Lieutenant HAYTON and 2nd Lieutenant REYNOLDS) and 30 N.C.O.s and men, and the competition included a five miles march in field service order followed by one hour's entrenching work and rifle practice at head and shoulder targets, half of the team also being marked for scouting and skirmishing work. Lieutenant HAYTON deserves especial credit for the way in which he trained the team, and I consider the result was highly satisfactory for an Artillery and Engineer Corps who have very little time for instruction in infantry duties.
26. The new Head Quarters were commenced in June, 1905, the orderly-room, stores, &c., being temporarily housed in a matshed, the contract for the completion of the building was made for April, 1906, but I now understand that it is not likely to be finished until September 30th, 1906.
27. In order to further improve the rifle shooting of all members of the Corps, and especially to instruct recruits and indifferent shots, I have strongly recommended that a grant be made to purchase the new invention known as the Sub-Target Rifle, this can be obtained at a cost of £50 and could be fitted up in the new Drill Hall. I understand that, with this instrument, recruits and others can be taught to shoot well without the cost of ammunition.
It will be a great attraction, and if ordered from home at once could be in use, when required, before next annual camp.
INSPECTION.
28. The Annual Inspection of the Corps was carried out during the absence of His Excellency the General Officer Commanding, by Colonel C. H. DARLING, C.R.E., on March 31st, 1906; he expressed himself well satisfied with the parade and congratulated the Corps on the excellent results obtained at the recent C.U.S.R.A. rifle meeting.
He also referred to the Maxim guns on parade, and mentioned that they required painting but stated that as the Corps had no gun shed at present he hoped that this would be done as soon as the Corps took over their new quarters.
SERVICES.
29. Major A. CHAPMAN commanded the Corps in the Summer months during my absence on leave and satisfactorily kept up the general keenness and efficiency.
Sergeant-Major W. HIGBY has continued to carry out his duties well and has become very popular with all ranks. Staff Armourer J. T. HAWKS was absent on leave at home during the Summer but returned before the Annual Camp. He carried out his duties satisfactorily, but unfortunately his health has failed and he has been invalided home.
April 30th, 1906.
:
I have, &c.,
C. G. PRITCHARD, Major, Commandant, Hongkong Volunteer Corps.
"
:
Present,
DISTRIBUTION,
Table I.
ENGINEERS.
BAND.
TROOP.
STAFF.
HONGKONG
VOLUNTEER CORPS. Inspection State, 31st March, 1906.
Nos. 1 & 2 ARTILLERY COMPANIES.
ΤΟΤΑΙ.
Troopers.
Commandant.
Major, 2nd in Com-
mand.
Surgeon.
Corps Sergt.-Major.
Corps Armr.-Sergeant.
Orderly Room Clerk.
Captains.
Lieutenants.
Co. Sergt.-Majors.
Co. Qr.-Mr.-Sergt.
Sergeants.
Corporals.
Bombardiers.
Trumpeters.
Gunners.
Captains.
Lieutenants.
Co. Sergt.-Major.
Sergeants.
Corporal.
Sappers.
Sergeant-Drummer.
Corporals.
Drummers.
Lieutenant.
Sergeant.
Corporal.
J
(in Colony,
On leave,
Absent
out of Colony,
Without leave..........................
[ Medical Certificate,
Wanting to complete,
Establishment,
Supernumerary,
Total,...
་ ་ ་
:
:
-
:
...
:
I 1
...
...
:
:
...
...
...
...
2
1
...
2
***
...
2
IO
N
11
13
1
2 10 8
1117
:
...
:
***
...
2
ристов
3 1 22
...
...
1
...
...
15
...
...
...
:
1
1
:
:
...
***
...
---
...
:
16
207
3
21
cs
31
3
2
I
29
271
158
1 1
431
1
10
8 2
...
6 8
...
01
14 12 13
2 10 4
2
2 24 16
3
نت
16
1 147
3 85
4 232
11 13 2 26
g
2 ....
...
2 22
2 20
48
2 20
3 1 3
...
***
:
:
...
...
:
:
...
:
་ ་ ་
...
***
:.
K
...
...
458
459
Table II.
Abley, T.
Allen, C. J.
LIST of MEMBERS of the RESERVE ASSOCIATION at 31st March, 1906.
* Atkinson, Dr. J. M.
*
#
Atkinson, R. D.
Auld, J. D.
Barnes-Lawrence, Hon.
Mr. L.
Beavis, C. E. H. Berkeley, Sir H. S. Bingham, J. E. Bird, L. G.
Bird, R. E. O.
Blowey, A.
Bowley, F. B. L.
Boyce, W. B.
Braidwood, Wm. D.
Branch, B.
* Brett, C. W. T.
Brooks, Robt.
Brown, A.
Bryan, J. J.
Bryer, A.
Buyers, C. B.
Butterworth, H. T.
Calthrop, H. G. * Cameron, Allan Campbell, H. F. Capell, J. R.
Carter, W. L. Chater, Sir Paul
Chatham, Hon. Mr. Wm.
Clark, Duncan
Cochrane, T. P.
Cooke, W. E.
Coombs, H.
* Cottier, C.
Cunningham, A.
* Cunningham, P. A.
Curwen, W.
Danby, W.
Daniel, W.
Dawson, E. W.
Davis, W. H. T.
Dealy, T. K.
Denison, A.
Dixon, Capt. A. W.
Dobbs, W.
Donald, W. H.
Dougherty, E.
Douglas, Capt. J.
Douglas, J. P. Dow, P.
Dowley, W. A.
Duncan, G. L.
Edwards, W. T. Egerton, T. S. Ezekiel, R. M.
Farell, W. A.
Fisher, Fred. Forbes, A.
Forsyth, G. G. S. Franklin, A. C.
Fraser, H. W. Fullerton, A. R.
Gale, C. H.
Galt, J.
Gibbs, L. Glover, C.
:
Goodfellow, Wm. Goddard, Capt. F. D. Goldsmith, H, E. Gompertz, H. H.
Gow, D.
Gow, J. C.
Grace, C. H. Graham, W. D. Grist, E. J. Gubbay, A. S. Gubbay, C. S.
Hancock, S.
Harston, Dr. G. M. Harston, J. Scott
Harvie, J. H. Hastings, G.
Haxton, G. K. Hazeland, F. A. Henderson, J. M. Hett, F. Paget Hewett, E. A.
Hickie, S. Douglas
Hickling, Rev. C. H. Hogarth, W.
Hornby, T. W.
Hoskin, W. T.
Hough, T. F.
Hughes, J. Owen
Humphreys, W. G.
Hutchings, J.
Innes, R.
Irving, E. A.
Jack, W. C.
Jenkins, A.
Jillings, H.
Johnston, L. A. M. ́
Jones, Dr. Evan
Jones, J. N.
Jones, P. N. H.
Jordan, Dr.
Joseph, S. A. Jupp, J. A.
Kadoorie, E. S. Kew, C. H. W. Koch, Dr. W. V. M. King, R. H. Knyvett, P. K.
Law, D. R. Lewingdon, J. S.
* Lewis, L. S.
Linton, A. R. Logan, Wm. Lowe, A. R. Lyon, J. A.
* Macdonald, J. F. C.
Macdonald. Jas.
Macfarlane, Dr. Mackenzie, A.
Mackenzie, D. J. *MacMillan, A. C.
*
Maitland, F..
Marriott, Dr.
Martin, T. H.
Master, G. C. C.
Maxfield, Capt. F.
May, C. W.
*May, Hon. Mr. F. H
*
May, G. H.
McGubbin, J.
McInnes, J.
McKay, W. R.
Meek, J.
Raymond, A. J. Rennie, A. H. Richardson, G. Richardson, H. T. Ritchie, A. * Robertson, H. W.
Rogers, E. Ronse, A. B. Rutter, E. W.
*
Salinger, F. Sassoon, M. S. Saunders, W. J.
Scott, Chas. R.
Scott, T. Gray
Seth, A.
Shepherd, E. B.
Shewan, Hon. Mr. R.
Simpson, T. K.
*
Skelton, A. H.
Meyer, H. A.
Michael, J. R.
Michael, S. H.
Slade, H. W.
Slade, Marcus
Smith, A. Brooke
*Smith, A. Findlay
Smith, Percy Smyth, F.
Stewart, Hon. Mr. G. Stewart, W. M.
Stubbings, J. J. Sullivan, E. Sutton, W. D.
Millar, P. L.
Moir, A.
Moore, Dr. W. B. A.
Sykes, Henry
Morrell, G. E.
Moses, E. J.
Newington, A. G.
Nobbs, A. P.
Ormiston, E. Osborne, E.
*Parkes, John
Parr, E. V. D. Parr, W. R. McD. Pearse, Dr. W. W. Pemberton, C. Perkins, T. L. Peter, J. C. Phelips, HI. R. Philpott, E. J. Pidgeon, J.
Piggott, Sir Francis Pile, A. G.
Pinckney, H. Plummer, L.
Potts, W. H. Powell, S. J. Purcell, W. H.
Ram, E. A. Ramsay, W. * Rankin, J.
Rattey, W. J.
Terrey, E. W.
Thomas, G. E.
Thompson, Chas.
Thomson, Dr. J. C.
Thomson, Hon. Mr. A. M.
* Thomson, O. D.
*
Tollan, Duncan Tomkins, H. E. †Tooker, H. P.
Turner, A. Tuxford, A. S. Tyack, A. H.
Underwood, J. Unsworth, Captain
Wakeman, G. H. Watt, A. W. J. Wheal, J. A. White, H. P.
Whitlow, A. W.
Whittall, J.
Wickham, W. H.
Wilgress, H. T.
* Wilkinson. C. D.
Wilks, E. C. Winterburn, W. G. Wise, Mr. Justice Wodehouse, P. P. J. Wright, F. J.
* Signifies absent.
Signifies resigned.
460
Table III.
HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.
Roll of Efficients for the Year ending 31st March, 1906.
Major C. G. Pritchard,
A. Chapman,
Captain F. O. Stedman,
Lieut. C. Forsyth,
Sergt.-Major W. Higby,.
Rank and Name.
.P
Commandant.
.P
2nd in Command.
.P
Surgeon.
.P
Do.
P
Corps Sergeant-Major.
No. 1 COMPANY H. K. V. ARTILLERY.
Roll of Efficients.
Rank and Name.
Rank and Name.
77
22
Corporal
22
Captain P Macdonald, D. Lieutenant P Plummer, J. A. T.
לי
Co. Sgt. Maj. Sergeant
P Kennett, H. W.
Meek, T.
Hance, C). E. A.
r Henderson, R.
r Hance, J. H. R.
Mackie, A. J. Seth, S. A.
Gunner
Bain, H. M.
Gunner
""
Chuniett, F. G.
""
Raymond, E. Seth, H. A.
""
Chunnett, O. R.
Duncan, G.
J
"
Ellis, E. E.
>>
>>
*Guy, L.
Goggin, W. G.
Seth, J. H.
Sheffield, A. E. Shaw, E.
Sibbett, J. J. Alves, C. M. S.
Humphreys, E.
""
Leonard, J.
3"
Humphreys, C.
33
Bains, J. W.
""
McIver, M.
""
Haggard, H. E.
""
Loureiro, F.
""
Herbst, C. E.
99
Kennett, II. G.
James, E. W. H.
Bombardier
Craddock, H. E.
""
Olsen, J.
??
Joseph, J.
Brett, L. E.
22
Olsen, C. W.
""
Petley, H.
Gunner
Abraham, E.
""
Pestonji, R.
39
Moore, F.
Abraham, R. Baker, F. H.
""
Pelling, W. W.
Abraham, E. S.
""
Raymond, A.
Rank and Name.
LEFT HALF, No. 1 COMPANY, H. K. V. ARTILLERY.
Roll of Efficients.
Rank and Name.
Rank and Name.
Captain P Lammert, G. P.
Gunner
""
Lieutenant P Gubbay, J. S.
Hayton, J. T.
Hamett, A. H. Sayer, A. C.
Gunner
"}
Chapman, E. J. Wilkins, F. C.
""
Penfold, J. H.
""
Brown, F. A.
Sergeant
P Deas, W. M.
Cole, J. T. J.
>>
B Sayer, H. W.
وو
Hurlow, J.
""
**
P Mitchell, R.
Sanderson, W.
""
Coles, J. C.
Read, W.
Kennedy, F.
Corporal Bombardier
Longstaff, J.
22
Brandt, W.
Judah, J. J.
27
Rogers, A. E.
Lewington, W. J.
29
Catchick, G. G.
Pellow, E.
33
دو
Friend, J.
"
Marshall, J.
Clothier, A. V.
RIGHT HALF, No. 2 COMPANY H. K. V. ARTILLERY.
Roll of Efficients.
Rank and Name.
Rank and Name.
Captain P Armstrong, W.
Lieutenant Northcote, M. S.
Rank and Name.
Gunuer
*
Aucott, E. F. Hall, F. C.
Gunner
Sergeant
r Hays, J.
""
Gray, H. C.
,,
P Grey, B. W.
"
Austin, F.
">
Corporal
Holmes, H. K.
""
Garrett, H. L.
1
""
Bell, H. D.
>>
Jackman, J. T.
Kempthorne, A. S. Young, J. A. Turner, W. C. D.
Blackburn, L. J. Dermer, H. W.
Ramsay, A.
"
Blood, G.
""
Biden, F. A.
"
Lester, H. W.
Rees, L. C.
""
Donaldson, W. F.
་་
Bombardier
Darby, A. J.
Laing, A. H.
Day, F. O.
""
Whitamore, R. A.
Warrack, A. F.
""
Pugh, A. J.
""
Hagen, E. C.
"
Wright, A. E.
Large, A. J.
Gunner
Goldring, P. W.
"
Piercy, A.
Chapman, E. J.
"
Bissell, W. T.
>>
Ironside, W.
:
461
LEFT HALF, No. 2 COMPANY, H. K. V. ARTILLERY.
Roll of Efficients.
Rank and Name.
Rank and Name.
Captain P Skinner, T. Lieutenant P Scott, W. M. Co.-Sgt. Maj. P Rodger, J.
P Lochead, J.
72
Sergeant
77
22
r Terrill, W. J.
""
Rank and Name.
Gunner
A
P Gloyn, J. W.
Crapnell, A. E. Hayward, E. M. Hayward, C. B.
Whyte, J. F. M. Bassford, W. M. Crosbie, J.
"
Gunner
Frith, C. E.
Coysb, E. W.
**
>>
33
""
Corporal
"
P Andrew, J. I.
""
P Gidley, H.
Reidie, J.
McKirdy, J.
"7
Durrance, W. H.
Davidson, H.
""
Ward, C. W.
Duncan, R. Sorby, V.
Pearson. H. F. Eadie, J.
Dinning, H.
McCorquodale, J.
""
McIntyre, J.
>>
Griffiths, J. A.
Palmer, H. T.
>>
Hornibrook, E. L.
Witchell, R.
""
Johnston, J.
Bombardier
Mather, H. L.
Muir, G.
""
Watson, A.
"y
Scott, W. R. P.
"
Boulton, S.
"
Gidley, S. Grimshaw, T.
Woolley, W. H.
Lamble, P. T.
"
Gunner
Hast, W.
Conolly, T. P.
Kinnard, J. A. Michael, S. J. Watson, J. J.
"
Quina, J.
وو
McIntyre, W.
Scriven, H. E.
Anderson, W. Fairholm, J. Saunders, G. A.
Okeeffe, D.
Pearson, R. WV.
""
Bullen, J. A.
Rank and Name.
Captain P Crake, W. A. Lieutenant P Reynolds, F. O.
Co.-Sgt. Maj. P Logan, J. W.
ENGINEER COMPANY.
Roll of Efficients.
Rank and Name.
Rank and Name.
Sapper
Ross, W. E.
Sapper
Hirst, J.
Dixon, C. W.
>>
"
Lochead, H. W.
Milne, J. G.
"
Frost, B. L.
Sergeant
r Bevan, H. S.
Dillon, F. H.
**
19
P Crawford, J.
27
Ward, F.
""
Ross, J.
>>
P Lapsley, R.
>>
Watson, V.
95
Corporal
"
95
Sapper
Witchell, J.
Logan, J. C. Kynoch, G.
Holmes, J.
>>
Barrington, J. H.
23
Cullen, W. F.
Fletcher, H. L.
Quark, F. W. Lenfesty, F. P. Hall, H. S.
Ross, J.
Park, A. V.
Rank and Name.
TROOP,
Roll of Efficients.
Rank and Name.
Rank and Name.
Trooper
Howard, E.
Lieutenant P Ross, C. H.
Sergeant
Stabb, N. J.
Trooper Robertson, W. R.
Looker, H. W.
Corporal
Moxon, G. C.
,,
James, H. B.
Trooper
Forbes, W.
步学
Stewart, M.
"
Hynes, A. C.
Owen, E.
"
梦梦
23
:
Inglis, W.
"
Mackie, C. G.
""
MacIntyre, H. A.
Rutherford, N. H.
>>
29
Murphy, L.
15
Paterson, J.
27
Cruickshank,W.A.C.
>>
Melbourne, C. D.
Henchman, A. S.
Anderson, L. J. C.
Sharp, E. H.
Gresson, J. E.
Potts, R. C.
Brutton, G. K. H.
462
Table IV.
HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.
Report on Gun Practice, carried out during the year ending 31st March, 1906.
Nature
Date on which
Number Number
present of
of Practice.
Practice
on
was carried out.
parade.
Rounds Range.
fired.
15-Pr. B. L. 23rd October, 1905,
87
64
3,050 to
3,350
28th
39
""
$ 5
85
71
3,000 to
3,500
Remarks.
Elementary Practice from Stonecutters East at Dummy Targets, on Hill Side at Chung Hue, carried out by Sections, 4 Series fired, target for each Series representing 3 Field Guns, 6 Men standing and 6 Men kneeling. Laying good.
Fuze Setting fair. Result good.
Best Series 14 Rounds and 8 Targets out of •
15 bit.
Service Practice C. R. A.'s Inspection, 4 Series fired with frequent change of B. C.s and Gun Detachments. Marked improvement in Rapid Service of the guns. Laying and fuze setting very good.
Range Officer reported that the fire was very
effective.
Best Series 16 rounds and 11 Targets put out
of action out of 15.
Table V.
HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.
Report on Maxim Gun Practice, carried out during the year ending 31st March, 1906.
Date on which Number of
Number
Nature
of Practice.
Practice was carried out.
on
Rounds Range. Parade. fired.
Remarks.
303 Maxim. 19th October, 1905.
41
800
600
20th
72
840
600
29
19
Instructional Practice on Stonecutters Rifle
Range.
23rd
87
760
600
22
"
28th
85
920
2
{
800 to 1,200
27
24th February, 1906.
92
3,464
700
C. R. A.'s Inspection at Stonecutters.
Competition for Shield presented by Sir W.
J. GASCOIGNE at Taikoo.
有
Table VI.
HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.
MUSKETRY RETURN.-TROOP.
-463
No. I.
No. II.
No. III.
No. IV.
No. V.
No. VI.
No. VII.
Remarks.
Troop
Rank and Name.
200 yards
No.
200 Yards Independent Independent
200 Yards
Independent
300 Yards
Lying.
Sitting.
Kneeling behind Cover.]
300 Yards
Independent
Magazine
500 Yards
Independent
Lying.
Lying
Inpendent
Lying.
500 Yards
Rapid
Independent.
Total.
Marks-
mau.
1st
Class.
2nd
Class.
3rd
Class.
behind Cover.
1
Lieut.
Ross, C. H.
20
26
13
20
11
24
24
138
2
Sergt.
Stabb, N. J.
24
19
13
22
21
25
3
Corpl.
Moxon, G. C.
- 21
16
8
17
5
Trooper Forbs, D........
13
11
6
16
12 13 1
16
140
5
88
11
72
1
1
1
I
"}
Hynes, A, C.
Leave.
6
""
Inglis, W.
14
16
9
14
13
20
"
MacIntyre, H. A.
Leave.
""
Murphy, L.
21
23
16
23
22
23
Cruickshank, W. A. C.
19
17
14
14
2
>>
10
Robertson, W. R.
11
21
14
17
17
""
11
"}
Looker, H. W.
21
14
6
19
10
12
"
James, B.....
10
15
4
10
13
>>
Stewart, M.
15
20
3
2 8*29*
20
106
19
147
1
· 10
84
12
98
0
72
12
70.
6
·60°
1
...
1.
1
1
1
14
Owen, E.
Leave.
15
Mackie, C. G.
Leave.
16
Rutherford, N. H.
Leave.
>>
17
""
Paterson, J.
15
16
0
12
الحر
16
11
76
1
18
Melbourne, C. D.
Did not fire.
""
19
139
Potts, P. C.
Leave.
20
>>
Howard, E..
Leave.
21
Henchman, A. S.
19
19
9
,,
22
""
Anderson, L. J. C.
21
17
12
.17
12
18
15
9
17
57
13
103
101
1
1
23
Deacon, F. B.
Leave.
24
59
Hastings, J.
Leave.
...
25
Clarke, W. G....
Leave.
""
26
"}
Brutton, G. K. H.
21
19
15
19
10
19
20
123
1
27
24
Sharp, E. H.
Did not fire.
:
28
""
Gresson, J. E..
2
8
0
2
6
0
18
1
..
29
Walker, A. J.
17
21
13
20
13
18
11
113
1
""
30
""
Gedge, H. J.
19
18
13
20
6
10
2
88
I
31
Ferguson, E. II.
4
14
14
15
10
12
10
79
...
I
የ
1
4
6
8
Table VII.
HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.
MUSKETRY RETURN :-ENGINEER, COMPANY.
:
464 -
4
No. I.
No. II.
Corps
No.
200 Yards
Rank and Name.
200 Yards
No. III.
200 Yards
No. IV.
No. V.
No. VI.
No. VII. No. VIII.
300 Yards
300 Yards
500 Yards
Indepen-
Indepen-
Rapid
dent
Independent
Indepen-
Magazine
dent
Knceling
dent
Independent
Indepen-
Lying
dent
500 Yards
Rapid
Indepen
No. IX.
150 Yards 150 Yards
Total.
Marks- 1st 2nd 3rd man. Class. Class. Class.
Snap
Snap.
Lying.
Sitting. behind Cover.
Lying.
behind Cover.
Lying.
dent.
Shooting. Shooting.
...
Captain Crake, W. A.
19
18
17
21
21
20
141
1
:.
:
Lieut.
Reynolds, F. O.
Recently joined.
379 C.S.M.
Logan, J. D.
12
26
33
1
166 Sergt.
Bevan, H. S.
18
20
16
16
6
19
21
18
15.
149
1
•
.. 649
Crawford, J.
22
20
23
13
14
16
14
15
12
149
I
278
""
Lapsley, R.
26
24
18
25
18
22
21
18
15
187
1
547 Corpl.
Witchell, J. H.
22
24
25
22
21
23
11
6
8
162
1
709 Sapper
Holmes, J.
20
16
17
17
10
19
0
108
1
689
Russell, W. J..
Did not fire.
710
91
Ross, W. E...
21
18
21
15
16
6
18
127
739
Dixon, C. W.
22
13
20
15
23
19
15
12
15
154
""
283 Corpl.
Logan, J. C.
22
22
25
21
17
19
22
21
15
184
750 Sapper
Milne, J. G.
22
17
26
22
15
17
20
12
15
166
778
786
24
Dillon, F. H.
17
16
17
12
19
17
12
12
9
131
1
""
Ward, F.
20
17
8
11
0
10
18
12
12
109
1
793
Watson, V.
20
15
17
12
12
16
15
12
1.25
794
""
Barrington, J. H.
11
11
15.
77
7
13
0
0
69
1
796
Cullen, W. F.
23
21
21
18
B
8
13
18
12
147
1
""
797
""
Ross, J.
16
10
12
15
9
14
12
12
9
109
1
798
2nd Cpl. Kynoch, G. W.
15
0
7
2
6
10
9
9
65
I
799 Sapper
Wolfe, H..
· Did
not
fire.
802
Watson, G.
Do.
""
817
99
Park, A. A.
21
14
14
14
16
10
12
818
Hirst, G.
11
9
16
0
0
""
827
"1
Lochend, N. J.
14
14
17
16
11
8
15
828
""
Mason, A. J.
17
13
12
11
5
14
10.
12
871
""
Frost, B. L....
17
20
13
21
19
14
14
15
2:420
12
. 12
12
2:22
120
36
6
106
109
1
1
1
145
872
Fletcher, II. L.
Did not fire.
873
Ross, J. J.
15
16
18
17
16
11
9
6
112
:
:
1
1
:
:'
Staff,.
465
Table VIII.
HONGKONG VOLUNTEER CORPS.
Revolver Practice Return, shewing Average, for the year ending 31st March, 1906.
Unit.
No. 1 Company Hongkong Volunteer Artillery,
2
""
29
39
""
Engineer Company,..
Total,......
Number firing.
1-
ביו
Number of Points
Average.
Remarks.
obtained.
259
64.475
509
74-475
361.
72.2
105
52.5
18
1,234
Appendix A.
;
CAMP REPORT, 1905.
VOLUNTEER HEADQUARTERS, HONGKONG, 21st November, 1905.
SIR,-I have the honour to forward the attached report on the Volunteer Camp held at Stonecutters' Island from October 14th to October 30th, 1905.
Numbers-Out of the total number of 19 Officers and 219 N.C.O.'s and men, 13 Offi- cers and 169 N.C.O.'s and men attended the Camp, 6 Officers and 30 N.C.O.'s and men were away on leave of absence, or had leave from Camp owing to the exigencies of their business. This total does not include the Hongkong Volunteer Troop, who did not attend the Camp.
The average daily attendance was 127.5
The following Table shows the average attendance, &c., and the proportion of the full strength on each day :-
Date.
Strength deducting those on leave.
Attendance at Camp.
Average Daily Attendance.
Proportion of Total Strength daily.
!
Officers. N.C.O.'s & men.
Officers. N.C.O.'s & men.
1901,
16
256
14
204
157
.52
1902,
16
234
14
176
142.1
.568
1903,
16
204
17
159
121.6
.548
1904,
16
210
14
170
135.5
.6
1905,
B
189
B
169
127.5
.63!
It is very satisfactory to note that in spite of the period of the Camp having been extended from 10 to 16 days, the attendance works out a better proportion than in any pre- vious years.
A result which is far better than I expected.
Drills.-I attach a Camp programme showing general orders issued and the drills which were carried out. I also attach a schedule of drills and lectures carried out by the Engineer Company under the R.E. Instructors.
A marked improvement was noticeable at all drills this year; in previous years the gun drill has been too slow and I therefore took every opportunity to correct this fault with good results. 23 Gun Layers were trained and took part in the Gun Practice.
•
•
#
466
On Saturday, October 21st, the members of all Units took part in a small Field Day in the New Territory, they showed a keen interest in the proceedings and I think were enabled to acquire some knowledge of taking cover, fire control, &c., &c.
The Hongkong Volunteer Troop also took part on this occasion and gained experience in embarking and disembarking their ponies. It is now proposed to add more of this form of exercise to the drill season.
Hongkong Volunteer Engineers.-The Engineer Company attended the Camp better than in any previous year and were put through a very thorough course by the R.E. Mechanists; they also undertook the lighting of the whole Camp by electricity with great success.
Gun Practice.-Preliminary instructional practice with the Maxim Guns was carried out on 3 occasions on the Range, and the men were practised in quickly getting the gun again into action after a jam. Practice was carried out from four 15-pr. B.L. Guns from Stone- cutters' Island, North Shore, on October 28th. Targets were placed on the slopes of Chung. Hue..
The practice was carried out by sections instead of as a battery as in the case of previous years, this being a better training for the Officers for the actual duties they would be required to carry out on mobilisation.
On the 23rd October, the practice was elementary for the special instruction of the Section Officers and Gun Layers and was therefore slowly carried out, 4 Series were fired, the target for each series being 3 screens and 12 dummies representing 3 field guns, 6 men standing and 6 kneeling, the ranges varied from 3,050 to 3,350 yards.
64 rounds were fired and the results were good, altogether 16 dummies out of 48 and 10 screens out of 12 were put out of action - total number of actual bullet holes 90. The best series being the last under Captain SKINNER at a range of 3,300, in which 14 rounds. were fired and 6 of the 15 targets were hit.
On 28th October, the positions of the targets were changed, four series were again fired, 10 gun detachments were present and all took part, there was a very marked improve- ment in the rapid service of the guns in most cases, and the Range Officer reported that there was a much larger percentage of effective rounds and the ground all about the targets was ploughed up by shell and bullet holes although in many cases the dummies were not actually hit.
71 rounds were fired, and 16 dummies and 5 screens were put out of action.
The best and quickest series was fired by the Right Half No. 2 Company under Captain ARMSTRONG, they fired 16 rounds in 9 minutes and killed 8 dummies out of 12 and all the screens.
All the squads were changed on to the Maxim Guns and fired at barrel targets, with good results.
One Maxim gun jammed frequently, this fault had been found with this gun at preli- minary instructional practice on the Range and the gun had been thoroughly overhauled by the Armourer-Sergeant who replaced the old barrel with a new one. The fault was due to the connecting rod, new ones had been ordered for some time for all the guns but have not yet arrived in the Colony.
Colonel KENT, C.R.A., inspected the men at this practice, and His Excellency the Governor and His Excellency the G.O.C. were present. The C.R.A. reported favourably on the practice.
Musketry.-Class firing was carried out more thoroughly than in previous years, and 168 Officers and men fired the course; a good average was obtained.
The Officers and Staff Sergeants carried out Revolver Practice, showing a marked improvement on last year.
Inspection.-His Excellency the Governor inspected the Camp on October 23rd and saw the Corps on parade, he stated that the arrangements were very satisfactory.
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding inspected the Camp and the Corps on October 29th. He informed the Officers and men on parade that he saw a distinct improve- ment, the gun drill was well carried out and with far greater rapidity than in previous years,
467
the field day showed that the Corps had made a distinct advance, and he was glad to see that points which he had noticed on former occasions at drill and in the state of the Camp had been corrected.
The O.C.R.A. inspected the Artillery Units at Gun Practice and reported favourably.
The O.C.S.M., R.E., carried out an examination of the members of the Engineer Com- pany in their duties as electricians and engine-drivers and, except in the case of one man, reported very favourably on the results of the examination and the progress that had been made during the Camp.
Medical Officer's Report.-Lieutenent C. FORSYTH, the Corps Medical Officer, was pre- sent every night during the Camp and was of great assistance to me in keeping the Camp in a good sanitary condition. The Hospital tent was fitted with greater comfort than in former years, 5 beds with mosquito curtains were put up, but were not occupied.
Lieutenant FORSYTH reported as follows:-
"I have practically no comments to make, as with a little supervising everything "went splendidly, the food and drink were good, the latrines were kept in
66
good order, and beyond a few cases of fhild diarrhoea and some very minor "surgical accidents nothing of a medical nature happened.”
Discipline. The discipline of all ranks was excellent.
-་
Remarks. The work done during the Camp was extremely good and the extension of the period from 10 to 16 days proved a great success, as I hoped, the extra knowledge gained by all ranks resulting in far higher state of efficiency than has been attained in
former years.
Numerous improvements were introduced into the Camp, the most important being the thorough lighting of the Camp with electric light by the Engineer Company, the greater comfort of the Hospital tent, and an improved ablution place for the men.
The Officers attended the Camp even better than in previous years, every Officer present in the Colony attended nearly the whole time, the average attendance of Officers being 12 out of 13 each day.
Captain ARMSTRONG'S Company, Right Half No. 2 Company H.K.V.A., showed a record attendance, every man attending Camp except those on leave.
The Corps Sergeant-Major gave me the greatest assistance as usual and the Corps Armourer-Sergeant and the Instructors all carried out their duties to the satisfaction of all ranks.
The Naval Range and the revolver range were very kindly placed at the disposal of the Corps by Commodore WILLIAMS, and the arrangements made by the Petty Officer and his assistants to enable the members of the Corps to complete their musketry course were very satisfactory.
I have, &c.,
C. G. PRITCHARD, Major, Commandant, Hongkong Vol. Corps.
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding made the following comments on the above Camp Report:-
"This is a satisfactory report, for it shows progress all round and the attainment "of greater proficiency. The good attendance is the outward and visible sign of the deter- "mination of all ranks to improve themselves."
!
OCTOBER, 1905..
Saturday 14th
PROGRAMME FOR WORK IN CAMP, 1905.
Camp opened 2 p.m.
Sunday 15th.....
9 a.m. Fatigues. Squaring up Camp 10-15 a.m. Divine Service
15 Pr. Gun Drill, Officers to fall in as Gun numbers.
Maxim Gun Drill, Officers to fall in as 稀 Gun numbers.
6 a.m. Squad and Company Drill
Monday 16th
No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A.
Ga.m.
..
No. 2 Co. H.K,V.A.
H.K.V.E.
6a.ni.
12 noon. Camp Inspection by Coni- mandant.
(See note to orders of October 14th).
4-45 p.m. Infantry Drill. All Units
Tents to be arranged according to the authorized
pattern in Camp.
Sergeants in charge of Sub-divisions will be held responsible for this duty.
10 a.m.
10 a.m.
Gun Laying and Musketry
Do.
4-45 p.m.
10 a.m. Musketry
4-45 p.m.
4-45 p.m.
15 Pr. Gun Drill
Maxim Gun Drill
Instruction by Mechanists
6 a.m.
Tuesday 17th
No. 1 Co. HK.V.A.
No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A.
HI.K.V.E;
6 a.m.
Maxim Gun Drill. Officers to fall in as Gun numbers.
6. a m.
6 a.m.
10 a.m. 15 Pr. Gun Drill, Officers to fall in as 10 a.m. Gun numbers.
Musketry
10 a.m.
Instruction in ammunition, Fuze setting, &c., & Musketry. Do.
Instruction by Mechanists.
4-45 p.m.
Maxim Gun Drill
4-45 p.m.
4-45 p.m.
15 Pr. Gun Drill
Instruction by Mechanists.
24 Men from Right Half No. 1 Co. H.K. V.A. to Musketry.
Wednesday 18th No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A.
6 a.m. 15 Pr. Gan Drill
No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A.
H.K.V.E.
Ga.m.
10 a.m. Maxim Gun Drill, and Practice on the 10 a.m. Range.
Musketry
All Units.
6 a.m.
Instruction by Mechanists
10 a.m.
Do.
Do.
4-45 p.m. Infantry Drill Rehearsal for 6 a.m. King's Birthday Parade.
Staff Sergeants Revolver Practice.
4-45 p.m. Battery Drill and Fire Dis-6 a.m, Staff Sergeants Revolver Practice.
cipline.
Do.
4-45 p.m. Instruction by Mechanists
Thursday 19th
No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A.
No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A.
H.K.V.E.
6 a.m.
Maxim Gun Drill, and Practice on the Range.
10 a.m.
6 a.m.
15 Pr. Gun Drill
10 a.m.
Gun Laying and Musketry
Do.
4-45 p.m.
6 a.m. Squad and Company Drill
10a.m. Musketry
468
Friday 20th
.....
No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A.
No. 2 Co. II.K.V.A.
H.K.V.E.
6 a.m.
6 a.m.
6 a.m.
Maxim Gun Practice
10 a.m.
Mekometer Range Finding and 4-45 p.m. I.ccture by Commandant Musketry.
10 a.m.
Do.
Musketry
10 a.m.
Do.
Instruction by Mechanists..
4-45 p.m.
D8.
4-45 p.m. Instruction by Mechanists.
*
Saturday 21st
No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A.
No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A.
H.K.V.E.
6 am. Battery Drill and Fire Discipline Firing 10 a.m, Blank Cartridge.
Gun Laying and Musketry.
All Units.
6 a.m.
Do.
10 a.m.
Do.
2 p.m. Field Day
6 a.m.
24 Men from Left Half No. 1 Co. H.K. V.A. to Musketry,
6 a.m. Instruction by Mechanists
10 a.m. Musketry
Sunday 22nd
No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A.
No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A.
H.K.V.E.
7-15 a.m. Divine Service.
12 Noon Camp Inspection by Comman-
dant.
Do.
Instruction by Mechanists..
All Units
4-45 p.m. Infantry Drill Rehearsal for H.E. The Governor will inspect the Camp during King's Birthday Parade.
6-45 p.m. Guard of Honour
the afternoon.
Official Guest Night. Monday 23rd
No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A.
6 a.m.
No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A.
H.K.V.E.
6 a.m.
15 Pr. B.L. Elementary Practice
Do.
10 a.m. Musketry
6 am. Musketry
10 a.m.
10 a.m.
Tuesday 24th
No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A.
No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A.
II.K.V.E.
6 a.m. 15 Pr. B.L. Gun Drill
6 a.m.
6 a.m.
10 a.m.
Fuze Setting and Gun Laying... 4-45 p.m. 15 Pr. B.L. Gun Drill
6 a.m.
Maxim Gun Drill
Instruction by Mechanists
10 a.m.
10 a.m. Musketry
Do.
4-45 p.m.
6-45 p.m.
Maxim Gun Drill
Manning Electric Lights with R.E.
Wednesday 25th No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A.
6 a.m.
Maxim Gun Drill...
No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A.
Ga.m.
15 Pr. B.L. Gun Drill
Do.
H.K.V.E.
6 a.m. Squad and Company Drill
10 a.m. Musketry
10 a.m. Range Finding and Musketry... 4-45 p.m. Maxim Gun Drill 10 a m. 4-45 p.m. 15 Pr. B.L. Gun Drill 4-45 p.m. Company Drill
6 a.m.
24 Men from Right Half No. 2 Co. II.K. V.A. to Musketry.
24 Men from Left Half No. 2 Co. H.K. V.A. to Musketry.
469
Battery Drilland Fire Discipline Marching 10 a.m. Musketry past with Guns. &c., &c.
Thursday 26th
No. 1 Co. II.K.V.A.
No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A.
H.K.V.E.
6 a.m.
6 a m.
6a.m. Musketry
Do.
4-45 p.m. Fire Discipline
10 a.m. Do.
10 a.m. Instruction by Mechanists..
4-45 p.m.
4-45 p.m.
Do.
Instruction by Mechanists
Fuze Setting and Guu Laying. 4-45 p.m. Fire Discipline
Friday 27th
No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A.
No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A.
H.K.V.E.
Do.
6 a.m. Battery Drill and Fire Discipline Marching 10 a.m. past with Guns, &c., &c.
6 a.m.
10 a.m.
Do.
6 a.m. Company Drill
10 a.m.
Musketry
4-45 pm.
Do.
4-45 p.m. Instruction by Mechanists
6 a.m.
6 a.m.
Revolver Practice for all Officers and Staff Sergeants who have not fired the Course.
Men from No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A. who haye not previously fired Musketry.
Saturday 28th
No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A.
No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A.
H.K.V.E.
6 a.m.
6 a.m.
6 a.m.
15 Pr. Gun Drill and Fire Discipline 10 a.m. Firing Blank Cartridge.
Gun Laying and Musketry.
Do.
Instructions by Mechanists
10 a m. Do.
10 a.m. Musketry
2-30 p.m. 15 B.L. and Maxim Practice 6 a.in. for Inspection by C.R.A.
4-45 p.m.
*2-30 p.m.
Men from No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A who have not previously fired Musketry.
Do.
Technical Examination by *Every member of the H.K.V.E. should be pre- O.C.S.M.R.E. sent at this examination.
Tent Inspection by Com- 9-45 a.m. Inspection by H.E. the G.O.C. mandant.
Sunday 29th.....
No. 1 Co. H.K.V.A.
9-15 a.m.
No. 2 Co. H.K.V.A.
H.K.V.E.
7-30 a.m.
Rehearsal for Ceremonial Parade
TRACK
11 a.m.
Divine Service
Monday 30th
All bedding etc., to be returned to Quarter Master's Store
Camp Inspection by H.E. the G.O.C.
Camp struck and return to Hongkong.
NOTE :-Musketry is to be carried out by every member of the Corps during Camp and the above programme gives ample opportunity to allow of this. O.C. Companies should see that their men make every endeavour to be present on the days allotted to them. For courses to be fixed by Artillery and Engineers see Corps Handbook pages 110 to 113.
On the days allotted to the H.K.V.E. for. Musketry at 6 a.m. All those men who have completed their course will receive Instruction by Mechauists.
Every facility will be given to men who stay in Camp all day to gain extra knowledge in any duties connected with their drill from the Instructor on duty.
More attention should be paid this year to Gun Laying and Fuze Setting on all Gun Drill Parades.
*
470
471
Diary of work performed by the Engine Drivers of the H.K.V.E. during Camp, 1905.
TIME.
DATE.
From
To
1905.
WORK DONE.
14th Oct.,
5.30 p.m.
6th
6.00
11.30
""
""
15th
6.00
11.30
6.30 p.m. Instruction and practice in starting engine.
Driving engine for Camp lighting.
Do.
""
""
""
16th
3.00
4.00
29
Lecture on lamp oil.
16th
6.00
11.30
29
Driving engine for Camp lighting.
17th
5.00
6.30
""
25
Assisting to take out piston of No. 20 engine to clean.
17th
6.00
11.30
"
"3
""
Driving engine for Camp lighting.
18th
6.00 a.m.
18th
5.30 p.m.
7.30 a.m.
6.30 p.m.
Replacing piston of No. 20 engine after cleaning.
Do.
19th
5.30
6.30
Instruction and practice in starting engine.
""
27
""
19th
6.00
11.30
""
Driving for lighting Camp.
20th
10.00 a.m. | 12.30
""
Taking out piston of No. 19 engine to clean.
20th
""
5.30 p.m.
6.30
""
20th
6.00
11.30
"
""
Replacing No. 19 piston.
Driving engine for lighting Camp.
21st
5.30
27
""
6.30
""
Instruction and practice in starting engine.
21st
6.00
11.30
27
Driving engine for lighting Camp.
59
22nd
5.30
11.30
Do.
"}
وو
23rd
6.00
7.30 a.m.
Instruction and practice in startine engine.
24th
6.00
7.30
Do.
"
27
24th
6.30
";
""
9.00 p.m. Running engine for night manning Lights 12, 13, 14, 19, and 20.
24th
6.00
11.30
>>
""
29
Driving engine for Camp lighting.
25th
7.00 a.m.
""
25th
10.00
"1
17
12.30 p.m.
25th
"
5.30 p.m. 6.30
""
8.00 a.m. Lecture on faults.
Taking off vapouriser and spray box of No. 20 engine and replacing same.
Instruction and practice in starting engine.
25th
6.00
29
""
11.30
"
Driving engine for Camp lighting.
*
26th
6.00 a.m.
7.30 a.m.
""
26th
19.00
12 Noon.
""
26th
5.30 p.m.
Visiting Directing Station and Telephone Room with mechanist electrician.
Starting No. 20 engine and altering compression plates.
7.00 p.m. Instruction and practice in starting engine.
26th
6.00
11.30
""
*
""
Driving engine for Camp lighting.
26th
5.30
7:00
"}
Driving for lights 12, 13, 19, and 20.
27th
7.00 a.m.
8.00 a.m.
Lecture on indicator.
*
27th
10.00
12 Noon.
12
""
Instruction and practice in starting engine.
27th
""
28th
""
6.00 a.m.
7.30 a.m.
28th
""
2.30 p.m.
5.30 p.m.
28th
6.00
11.30
""
""
"3
29th
6.00
11.30
5.30 p.m.
6.30 p.m. Driving engine for lights 12, 13, and 20.
Lecture in indicator diagram.
Technical inspection by O. C. Submarine Mining.
Driving engine for lighting Camp.
Do.
""
""
""
472
Diary of work performed by the Electricians of the H.K.V.E. during Camp, 1905.
TIME.
DATE.
SUBJECTS.
From
To
1905.
14th Oct.,
6.00 p.m.
7.00 p.m. Tracing conuection on switchboard.
15th
6.00
7.00
""
""
Dynamo attendance.
16th.
5.30
6.30
""
17th
"
17th
5.30 p.m.
7.00
""
17th
8.00
9.30
""
Incandescent lighting of Defence buildings.
10.00 a.m. 11.30 a.m. Tracing E. L. connections, preparing and fitting
10.00
دو
་
*
6.00 p.m.
brushes to dynamos.
Fixing up projectors for working outside No. 19
Emplacement.
Working temporary projector as searchlight, and at
same time Camp lights, all from 19 dynamo, No. 20 engine being out of action. Lecture-Construction of dynamo.
Working Nos. 19 and 20 dynamos.
Installing tents with incandescent lamps.
Lecture-E. L. instruments and tools.
REMARKS.
The Camp was il- luminated from Nos. 19 and 20 Engine Room during the whole period, by the Volunteers, equi- valent of 150 16- c.p. lamps were installed.
18th
6.00 a.m.
7.30 a.m.
""
18th
8.00
9.30
19th
11.30
19th
""
4.45 p.m.
20th
10.00 a.m.
12 No n.
Fitting tents with incandescent lights.
""
20th
>>
21st
21st
5.30 p.m.
6.00 a.m.
10.00
6.30 p.m.
7.30 a.m.
11.45
">
22nd
10.00
11.30
39
وو
23rd
6.00
7.30
Working Nos. 12, 13 and 14 lights.
Working Nos. 19 and 20 lights from No. 20 dynamo.
Tracing cross faults in No. 19 circuits.
Lecture-"Ohms laws" to E.L. work.
Lecture Arc carbons, reflectors.
""
9.9
24th
6.00
7.30
Lecture-Reflectors, lenses.
??
""
24th
35
6.30 p.m.
25th
7.00 a.m.
""
25th
10.00
25th
26th
""
5.30 p.m.
6.00 a.m.
26th
10.00
26th
5.30 p.m.
7.00 p.m.
27th
7.00 a.m.
9.00 pm. Manning Nos. 12, 13, 14, 19 and 20 lights.
Lecture-Beams, focussing, fixing, and directing.
Finding polarity of dynamos, in changing carbons.
Dismantling and re-fixing a mark III projector.
Visit to and explanation of a service Directing Station
and Telephone Room, R.E. Communications. Connecting up and working No. 19 temporary pro-
jector.
8.00 a.m.
12 Noon.
7.00 p.m.
8.00 a.m.
12 Noon.
Working Nos. 12, 13, 19 and 20 lights.
8.00 a.m. Lecture-Arc Carbons.
27th
10.00
12 Noon.
27th
5.30 p.m.
7.00 p.m.
Adjustments and working of automatic lamps.
Working Nos. 12, 13 and 20 lights.
28th
6.00 a.m.
7.30 a.m.
""
28th
""
2.30 p.m.
5.30
p.m.
31st
99
0.00 a.m. 10.00 a.m.
Lecture—Automatic lamps, lenses, and reflectors.
Technical Inspection by O.C. Submarine Mining.
Dismantling incandescent fitting in lamps.
:
HONGKONG.
No. 6
1906
CITY OF VICTORIA
AND
HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
DETAILS OF CONTENTS OF
RESERVOIRS, &C., ARRANGED ACCORDING
TO THE RAIN-YEAR.
1889-1905.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26).
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
PRINTED BY NORONHA & Co.,
Government Printers.
1906.
Wet Season.
Table I.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs, &c., arranged according to the Rain Year 1889-1890.
POKFULAM.
TAITAM.
TOTAL
CONTENTS OF TOTAL
MONTH.
In Reservoir, Discharged In Reservoir Discharged 1st of month. into Tunnel. 1st of month. into Tunnel.
IMPOUNDING CONSUMPTION. RESERVOIRS, IST OF MONTH.
RAINFALL.
REMARKS.
(May,
June,
July,
August,
September,
October,
November,
December,
January,
55,890,000 378,034,000 19,469,000 304,140,000 45,474,000 | 365,470,000 19,469,000 273,750,000 41,432,000 325,915,000
February,
March,..
April,
50,998,000 23,881,000 230,175,000 66,330,000 27,096,000 300,300,000 66,292,000 30,132,000 311,409,000 62,958,000 28,901,000 312,000,000 66,330,000 27,216,000 312,000,000 66,330,000 25,355,000 | 311,112,000 66,330,000 18,841,000 311,704,000 61,330,000
52,165,000 41,155,000 17,675,000 242,250,000 37,422,000 283,405,000 55,097,000 1.47 27,919,000 19,469,000 208,072,000 43,468,000 | 235,991,000 62,937,000 4.20 20,764,000 18,841,000 177,538,000 46,534,000 198,302,000 65,375,000
42,979,000 281,173,000 66,860,000 11,795,000 | 366,630,000 38,891,000 35,446,000 377,701,000 65,578,000 46,872,000 374,958,000 75,773,000 45,524,000 378,330,000 72,740,000
48.84
Constant supply.
9.72
""
4.57
18.14
""
. 11.80
46,684,000 377,442,000
72,039,000
8.72
74,731,000
1.54
64,943,000
0.17
60,901,000
2.40
1.96
Dry Season.
Total,
276,345,000
499,520,000
775,865,000
113.53
Constant supply for whole year,
Estimated average population for whole year........... ..135,000
Consumption per head per day for whole year,..........
15.7.
41
Wet Season.
Dry Season.
Table II.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs, &c., arranged according to the Rain Year 1890-1891.
POKFULAM.
TAITAM.
TOTAL CONTENTS OF COLLECTED
MONTH.
In Reservoir Discharged 1st of month. into Tunnel.
In Reservoir Discharged RESERVOIRS, 1st of month. into Tunnel. IST OF MONTH.
IMPOUNDING
FROM
STREAMS.
TOTAL
CONSUMPTION.
RAINFALL.
REMARKS.
May,
June,
July,
August,
[September,
5,492,000
50,201,000
66,330,000
66,330,000
14,246,000
20,10 1,000
141,275,000 56,546,000 146,767,000 171,585,000 48,604,000 221,786,000! 16,827,000 274,300,000 55,114,000 340,630,000 22,115,000 310,520,000 58,084,000 376,850,000
Nil.
68,705,000
70,792,000 11.24
14.83
Constant supply.
"3
71,941,000 22.00
80,199,000
8.95
[ October,
November,
December,
January,
February,
March,
April,
66,330,000 16,665,000 308,750,000 55,667,000 375,080,000 61,128,000 17,064,000 281,983,000 50,322,000 343,111,000 50,549,000 12,960,000 235,730,000 50,280,000 286,279,000 39,949,000 12,323,000 187,100,000 51,792,000 227,049,000 10,839,000 74,954,000 31,906,000 9,709,000 130,000,000 49,988,000 | 161,906,000 15,552,000 74,249,000 22,331,000 8,770,000 77,237,000 37,301,000 99,568,000 14,910,000 10,303,000 37,900,000 29,177,000 52,810,000 4,823,000 44,303,000 12,000,000 9,396,000 14,625,000 21,189,000 26,625,000 8,657,000 39,242,000
72,332,000
1.94
99
>>
67,386,000
0.02
""
ל,
9,160,000
73,400,000
0.01
"}
1.37
0.04
"
7,078,000 53,149,000
0.24
Intermittent supply from 4th.
2.57
Intermittent supply.
3.16
""
Total,
170,479,000
564,064,000
Estimated average population for whole year, Consumption per head per day for whole year,
,,
""
""
""
>>
""
56,109,000 790,652,000
66.97
143,402.
15.1.
during constant supply,........
16.5.
intermittent supply,
9.5.
¡ Constant supply, Intermittent supply,
.280 days.
85
13
-42-
Season.
Dry
Wet Season.
Table III.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs, &c., arranged according to the Rain Year 1891-1892.
MONTH.
POKFULAM.
In Reservoir Discharged 1st of month. into Tunnel.
TAITAM.
TOTAL
CONTENTS OF
MINT DAM
COLLECTED
TOTAL
IMPOUNDING
In Reservoir In Reservoir Discharged. | 1st of month.
into Tunnel.
RESERVOIRS, 1ST OF MONTII.
FROM
STREAMS.
CONSUMPTION
AND BLUE
GRAND
RAIN-
REMARKS.
POOL (Un-
TOTAL.
FALL.
(Filtered.)
filtered.)
May,
June,
July,
4,085,000 19,633,000 4,205,000 66,292,000 29,679,000 238,000,000 66,330,000 32,141,000 312,000,000
17,180,000
25,171,000 304,292,000 36,437,000 | 378,330,000
8,335,000
August,
66,292,000 30,099,000 312,000,000
44,171,000 378,292,000
October,
November,
December,
January,
February,
March,
April,
(September, 66,330,000 24.445,000 312,000,000 66,234,000 22,954,000 312,000,000 66,234,000 21,800,000 312,000,000 66,802,000 22,634,000 305,000,000 52,793,000 23,830,000 273,000,000 35,449,000 21,767,000 220,000,000 19,984,000 13,681,000 186,000,000 14,250,000 15,192,000 131,000,000
44,848,000 | 378,330,000 35,974,000 378,234,000
34,814,000 378,231,000 43,038,000 371,802,000 47,856,000 325,793,000 44,996,000 | 264,449,000 54,814,000 205,984,000 48,502,000 145,250,000
17,820,000 54,633,000 Nil. 24,501,000 79,351,000 27,174,000 95,752,000 20,142,000 94,112,000 27,458,000 96,751,000 28,385,000 87,313,000 26,255,000 82,869,000 18,609,000 81,281,000 14,540,000 86,226,000 7,642,000 93,868,000 0.52 11,617,000 78,380,000 4,331,000 82,711,000 1.25
· 9,566,000 78,061,000 1,909,000 82,970,000 3.90 17,816,000 81,510,000 6,245,000 87,755,000 11.59
54,633,000 27.99
79,351,000 21.32
Intermi tent supply from 1st to 14th.
Constant supply from 15th. Constant supply.
>>
95,752,000. 23.11
2
94,112,000
16.79
""
96,751,000 11.44
>>
""
87,313,000
6.21
""
""
""
82,869,000 2.30
"
81,281,000 1.95
>>
""
">
>>
Total,
277,855,000
477,801,000
|
243,883,000 999,539,000 23,127,000 1,022,666,000 128.36
|
Intermittent supply, 14 days. Constant supply, ....352
11
Estimated average population for whole year, Consumption per head per day for whole year,
152,000
18.0
.............
199
יי
during full supply,
>>
intermittent supply,
18.5
4.5
- 43 -
Wet Season.
Table IV.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902. Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of contents of reservoirs, &c., arranged according to the Rain Year 1892-1893.
POKFULAM.
TAITAM.
TOTAL
CONTENTS OF
COLLECTED
MONTH.
In Reservoir Discharged In Reservior Discharged 1st of month. into Tunnel. 1st of month. into Tunnel.
IMPOUNDING RESERVOIRS, IST OF MONTII.
FROM
STREAMS.
MINT DAM
TOTAL AND BLUE CONSUMPTION POOL (Un- (Filtered:) filtered.)
GRAND TOTAL.
RAIN-
FALL.
REMARKS.
[ May,
66,330,000 23,706,000 16-1,000,000
June,
July,
August, .......
September,
(October,....
November,....
December,
January,
February,
March,
April,
66,041,000 25,962,000 179,000,000 66,330,000 27,642,000 312,000,000 43,713,000 378,330,000 66,041,000 26,931,000 312,000,000 50,265,000 378,041,000 66,330,000 66,330,000 17,281,000 312,000,000 60,549,000 16,088,000 281,000,000 52,793,000 17,336,000 236,000,000 39,800,000 16,143,000 164,000,000 29,400,000 15,904,000 102,000,000 51,008,000 131,400,000 9,419,000 16,300,000 12,970,000 46,000,000 39,976,000 62,300,000 8,700,000 10,941,000 14,000,000 21,125,000 22,700,000
49,223,000 230,330,000 57,976,000 245,041,000
22,492,000
95,421,000 7,437,000
102,858,000 8.57
Constant supply.
18,493,000 | 102,431,000 6,738,000
109,169,000 34.37
34,045,000 105,400,000 8,192,000
113,592,000 10.79
30,361,000 107,557,000 9,466,000
117,023,000 12.09
99
23,760,000 312,000,000 42,344,000 378,330,000 82,888,000 98,992,000 8,612,000
107,604,000 7.01
,,
|
55,233,000 378,330,000 21,506,000 94,020,000 | 6,106,000
100,126,000 0.02
59,454,000 341,549,000 14,366,000 89,908,000 6,613,000 59,999,000 288,793,000 13,920,000 91,255,000 3,982,000 60,175,000 203,800,000 10,837,000
96,521,000 0.34
??
95,237,000 0.52
87,155,000 4,129,000
91,284,000 1.53
79,331,000 1,999,000
81,330,000 0.46
""
7,913,000 60,859,000 2,078,000 62,937,000 3.39 10,206,000 45,272,000 5,327,000 50,599,000
Intermittent supply from 9th.
8.43
Intermittent supply.
Dry Season.
Total,.
243,664,000
596,491,000
3,280, 226,146,000 1,057,601,000 70,679,000 1,128,280,000 87.53
Estimated average population for whole year, Consumption per head per day for whole year,
163,948
17.7
""
"
during constant supply,
19.0
intermittent supply,
9.2
Intermittent supply, 52 days. Constant supply, ...313
-41-
Wet Season.
به
Table V.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs, &c., arranged according to the Rain Year 1893-1894.
POKFULAM,
TAITAM.
MONTH.
In Reservoir Discharged 1st of month. | into Tunnel,
In Reservoir In Reservoir 1st of month.
ΤΟΤΑΙ
CONTENTS OF IMPOUNDING
COLLECTED
FROM
Discharged RESERVOIRS, into Tunnel. 1ST OF MONTH.
STREAMS.
TOTAL
CONSUMPTION
(Filtered.)
MINT DAM
AND BLUE
RAIM-
GRAND TOTAL.
REMARKS.
POOL (Un-
filtered.)
FALL.
[ May,
31,400,000
June,
13,531,000
24,570,000 | 239,000,000
50,000,000
July,
August,
September,
October,
November,
December,
January,
February,
March,
April,
66,400,000 66,200,000 21,104,000 312,000,000 66,400,000 21,082,000 312,000,000 66,300,000 22,862,000 312,000,000 66,400,000 21,828,000 312,000,000 66,300,000 18,305,000 | 311,000,000 60,300,000 21,376,000 276,000,000 46,242,000 16,384,000 229,700,000 35,211,000 13,320,000! 156,500,000 27,760,000 14,427,000 94,600,000 56,858,000 122,360,000 13,710,000 8,857,000 33,800,000 28,036,000 47,510,000
32,401,000 81,400,000 39,604,000 305,400,000
42,459,000
88,391,000 6,966,000 95,357,000
16.13
Constant supply.
+
39,083,000 103,257,000 6,518,000 109,775,000 7.09
35,867,000 378,200,000
53,862,000 110,833,000
2,077,000 | 112,910,000
21.22
58,179,000 191,711,000
|
50,021,000 378,400,000 35,560,000 378,300,000 48,788,000 107,210,000 5,753,000 112,963,000 15.04 35,962,000 378,400,000 45,909,000 103,699,000 4,787,000 108,486,000 17.87 52,396,000 377,300,000 31,085,000 101,786,000 6,744,000 108,530,000 .0.03 57,462,000 336,300,000 || 21,889,000 100,727,000 8,805,000 109,532,000 0.04 62,086,000 275,942,000 17,526,000 0.89 95,996,000 4,525,000 100,521,000 16,170,000 87,669,000 4,524,000 92,193,000 0.58 13,845,000 85,130,000 3,487,000 : 88,617,000 0.27 10,158,000 47,051,000 4,315,000 51,366,000 2.49
38,443,000 109,546,000 6,544,000 116,090,000
8.73
99
"}
Intermittent supply from 14th.
Intermittent supply.
Dry Season.
Total,
:
...
217,646,000
544,432,000
06,340,000 379,217,000 1,141,295,000 | 65,045,000 1,206,340,000 90.38
Intermittent supply, 47 days. Constant supply, ...318
"
Estimated average population for whole year, Consumption per head per day for whole year,
193,000
16.2
"
""
during constant supply,
17.2
""
""
>>
intermittent supply,
7.9
· 45
Dry Season.
Wet Season.
POKFULAM.
MONTH.
In Reservoir
Table VI.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs, &c., arranged according to the Rain Year 1894-1895.
TAITAM.
Discharged In Reservoir Discharged RESERVOIRS, 1st of month. into Tunnel. 1st of month. into Tunnel. 1ST OF MONth.
TOTAL
CONTENTS OF IMPOUNDING
COLLECTED
FROM
STREAMS.
TOTAL
MINT DAM
AND BLUE
CONSUMPTION POOL (Un-
GRAND
RAIN-
REMARKS.
TOTAL.
FALL.
(Filtered.) filtered.)
May,
10,104,000
June,
July,
August,
September,
[ October,
November,
December,
January,
February,
March,
April,
14,879,000 13,950,000 64,945,000 18,953,000 | 139,200,000 66,330,000 18,186,000 312,000,000 66,330,000 22,264,000 312,000,000 66,234,000 21,859,000 312,000,000 66,330,000 15,959,000 | 312,000,000 66,282,000 17,040,000 321,500,000 61,512,000 17,608,000 290,000,000 51,846,000 21,452,000 236,150,000 35,900,000 16,767,000 183,967,000 22,771,000
15,750,000
25,636,000 24,054,000 17,079,000 204,145,000
21,443,000
61,958,000 4,212,000 66,170,000
35,766,000 | 378,330,000
33,473,000 378,330,000 38,137,000 378,234,000 20,048,000 378,330,000
47,654,000, 387,782,000
55,402,000 351,512,000 54,126,000 287,996,000
10,373,000 | 131,180,000 9,209,000 63,900,000
46,803,000 | 219,367,000 63,889,000 153,951,000 43,611,000 76,650,000
51,219,000 90,251,000 11,472,000 101,723,000 16.54 34,674,000! 78,626,000 44,641,000 100,378,000 | 6,460,000 106,838,000 16.53
36,768,000 96,764,000 62,948,000 98,955,000 29,913,000 94,607,000 5,701,000 100,308,000 0.03 21,413,000 94,423,000 7,761,000 102,184,000 0.76 13,043,000 88,621,000 9,318,000 97,939,000
Intermittent supply from 1st to 16th.
Constant supply, from 17th.
Constant supply.
6,313,000 69,883,000 2,327,000 72,210,000 0.83 9,177,000 83,739,000 3,444,000 87,183,000 1.39 7,200,000 60,020,000 4,028,000 64,048,000 2.61 Intermittent supply from 16th.
20.01
2,824,000 81,450,000 9.47
8,774,000 | 105,538,000 19.11
""
7,801,000 106,756,000 17.57
""
"
""
0.41
""
""
Total,
...
204,549,000
...
481,624,000 ¦
432,052,000 1,018,225,000 74,122,000 1,092,347,000 | 105.26
Intermittent supply for 20 days. Constant supply:
335
""
Estimated average population for whole year, Consumption per head per day for whole year,.
""
195,000
14.3
">
during constant supply,
15.0
35
وو
"
99
intermittent supply,
6.5
- SF -
Dry Season.
Wet Season.
Table VII.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 § 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA AND HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs, &c., arranged according to the Rain Year 1895-1896.
POKFULAM.
ΤΑΙΤΑΜ.
TOTAL
CONTENTS OF
MONTH.
IMPOUNDING
In Reservoir Discharged In Reservoir Discharged 1st of month. into Tunnel. 1st of month. into Tunnel.
RESERVOIRS, IST OF MONTH.
COLLECTED : TOTAL FROM CONSUMPTION STREAMS.
MINT DAM
AND BLUE
RAIN-
GRAND TOTAL.
REMARKS.
POOL (Un-
FALL.
(Filtered.)
filtered.)
May,
11,190,000 6,943,000 21,867,000 30,595,000
June,
July,
March,
{ April,
33,057,000 8,223,000 12,210,000 20,302,000 15,300,000 51,389,000 27,510,000 1,143,000 23,960,000 6,484,000 21,434,000 39,789,000 30,918,000 28,229,000
August, 66,330,000 33,818,000 120,250,000 26,139,000 186,580,000 36,665,000 (September, 59,971,000 49,502,000 | 190,333,000 29,274,000 | 250,304,000 | 10,054,000 October, 39,001,000 9,324,000 207,600,000 25,448,000 | 246,601,000 November, 44,626,000 7,573,000 211,100,000 33,238,000 255,726,000 December, 43,997,000 9,693,000 190,567,000 January, 39,690,000 9,872,000 160,533,000
February, 35,555,000 11,310,000 128,050,000 39,690,000 16,219,000 121,400,000 35,900,000 21,580,000 ' 110,520,000
31,818,000 161,090,000 53,051,000 | 146,420,000
35,141,000 234,564,000 | 8,498,000
39,600,000 200,223,000 28,234,000 | 163,605,000
}
4,253,000 53,725,000 6,930,000 60,655,000 1.73 11,635,000 51,179,000 2,773,000 53,952,000 7.95 8,921,000 56,958,000 5,568,000 62,526,000 7,710,000 | 82,311,000 6,618,000 88,989,000 2.10
1.45
Intermittent supply to 29th, Constant supply from 30th.
45,761,000 72,834,000 8,601,000 81,435,000 4.97 91,978,000 7,250,000 99,228,000 18.87 96,622,000 9,947,000 106,569,000 6.13 88,830,000 8,871,000 97,701,000 22,337,000 57,109,000 13,582,000 70,691,000 : 0.50 14,092,000 54,903,000 5,647,000- 60,550,000 0.32 53,332,000 7,565,000 60,897,000 0.20
5,023,000 50,784,000
5.64
Intermittent supply from 1st.
Intermittent supply to 3rd. Constant supply 4th to 22nd. Intermittent supply from 23rd. Intermittent supply to 4th. Constant supply from 5th.
Constant supply.
3.96
""
Intermittent supply from 1st.
Intermittent supply.
>>
2
""
Total,.
220,096,000
123,716,000
161,760,000 805,572,000 88,405,000 893,977,000
53.82
Intermittent supply, 226 days. Constant supply, 140 days.
Estimated average population for whole year, Consumption per head per day for whole year,......
179,985
12.2
>>
>>
during constant supply,
16.3
*
"}
""
intermittent supply,
8.2
Dry Season.
Wet Season.
Table VIII.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs, &c., arranged according to the Rain Year 1896-1897.
MONTH.
POKFULAM,
In Reservoir. Discharged Ist of month. into Tunnel.
TAITAM.
In Reservoir Discharged Ist of month. into Tunnel.
TOTAL
CONTENTS OF
MINT DAM
COLLECTED
TOTAL
AND BLUE
GRAND
IMPOUNDING
RESERVOIRS, IST OF MONTII
FROM
STREAMS.
CONSUMPTION
POOL (Un-
TOTAL.
RAIN-
FALL.
REMARKS.
(Filtered.)
filtered.)
( May,
June,
July,
August,
September,
October,
November, 70,282,000
December,
24,091,000 17,700,000 76,100,000 11,190,000 14,299,000 26,066,000 62,456,000 52,330,000 125,450,000 68,643,000 49,336,000 | 254,300,000 53,691,000 22,107,000 320,950,000 69,847,000 18,451,000 | 352,000,000
21,470,000 364,000,000
62,380,000
17,662,000 | 364,000,000
63,126,000 100,191,000 24,457,000 37,256,000 19,676,000 187,906,000 18,695,000 322,943,000 30,603,000 374,611,000 23,610,000 421,847,000 40,339,000 434,282,000 43,871,000 426,380,000
4,355,000 85,181,000 4,226,000 36,501,000 75,260,000 2,931,000 22,919,000
89,407,000 1.15
i
78,191,000 18.63
| 91,925,000 5,256,000 100,181,000 12.42
| 33,653,000 101,681,000 4,442,000 106,126,000 5.20 43,687,000 | 96,397,000 5,455,000 101,852,000 9.99 46,553,000 88,614,000 6,705,000 95,319,000 7.90 19,440,000 81,249,000 5,098,000 $6,317,000 2.97 19,639,000 81,172,000 3,832,000
Constant supply.
Intermittent supply from 1st to 14th.
Constant supply from 15th.
Constant supply.
""
85,004,000 1.29
January,
February,
March,
April,
56,695,000
17,757,000 341,000,000
50,879,000 397,695,000
....
46,645,000
38,398,000
16,038,000 | 315,087,000
24,809,000
17,757,000 | 284,488,000
9,450,000
237,000,000
46,340,000 | 361,732,000 60,513,000 322,886,000 G3,881,000 261,809,000
8,360,000
4,279,000
1,598,000
2,905,000
76,996,000 4,210,000
81,206,000 2.26
G6,657,000 3,919,000 70,576,000 1.82
39
79,868,000 6,366,000 86,234,000 0.82
""
76,236,000 5,976,000 82,212,000 3.24
Total,
274,357,000
485,990,000
243,892,000 1,004,239,000 58,416,000 1,062,655,000 67.69
Intermittent supply, 14 days. Constant supply, ........351
Estimated average population for whole year, Consumption per head per day for whole year.................... during constant supply,
.187,408
14.6
14.8
intermittent supply,
9.3
48
Dry Season.
Wet Season.
Table IX.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs, &c., arranged according to the Rain Year 1897-1898.
POKFULAM.
TAITAM.
TOTAL
CONTENTS OF COLLECTED
MONTH.
In Reservoir Discharged In Reservoir Discharged 1st of month. into Tunnel. 1st of month. into Tunnel. IST OF MONTH.
IMPOUNDING RESERVOIRS,
FROM
STREAMS.
TOTAL
CONSUMPTION
(Filtered.)
MINT DAM
AND BLUE
GRAND TOTAL.
POOL (Un-
filtered.)
RAIN-
FALL.
REMARKS.
May,
June,
July,
20,079,000 24,617,000 229,200,000 63,343,000 29,445,000 | 306,083,000 66,330,000 24,800,000 388,000,000
August, 66,330,000 16,003,000 372,400,000 September, 66,330,000 29,785,000 | 388,000,000
45,061,000 249,279,000 39,934,000 369,426,000
[ October,
November,.
December,
January,
February,
March,......
April,
90,810,000 5,710,000 96,520,000 14.86 26,157,000 95,536,000 5,053,000 100,589,000 23.35 55,996,000 454,330,000 18,249,000 99,045,000 9,559,000 108,604,000 5.57 56,980,000 438,630,000 18,616,000 91,629,000 12,633,000 104,262,000 25.55 51,107,000 454,330,000 13,297,000 94,189,000 3,264,000 97,453,000 8.34 68,161,000 31,975,000 398,250,000 46,271,000 466,411,000 20,176,000 98,422,000 5,445,000 103,867,000 6.42 63,440,000 18,038,000 | 408,500,000 56,998,000 471,940,000 13,831,000 88,867,000 7,348,000 96,215,000 7.32 68,113,000 9,050,000 401,667,000 68,593,000 469,780,000 6,209,000 83,852,000 6,806,000 90,658,000 0.48 67,800,000 18,402,000 356,250,000 65,384,000 424,050,000 1,858,000 85,644,000 6,113,000 91,757,000 1.16 57,880,000 9,121,000 305,000,000 68,548,000 362,800,000 1,237,000 78,929,000 6,204,000 85,133,000 2.52 54,740,000 9,664,000 249,400,000 77,909,000 304,140,000 3.19,000 87,922,000 3,980,000 91,902,000 0.17 49,080,000 20,936,000 183,080,000 67,325,000 232,160,000 5,020,000 93,281,000 4,960,000 99,241,000 3.44
21,132,000
Constant supply.
33
"
13
99
";
""
Total,
241,839,000
700,106,000
146,161,000 1,088,126,000 | 78,075,000 1,166,201,000 99.18
Constant supply during whole year.
Estimated average population for whole year,
.191,500
Consumption per head per day for whole year,
15.5
- 49 -
Wet Season.
Table X.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 § 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs, &c., arranged according to the Rain Year 1898-1899.
POKFULAM.
TAITAM.
TOTAL
CONTENTS OF
COLLECTED
MONTH.
IMPOUNDING
FROM
In Reservoir Discharged In Reservoir Discharged 1st of month. into Tunnel. 1st of month. into Tunnel.
RESERVOIRS, 1ST OF MONTH.
STREAMS.
TOTAL
CONSUMPTION (Filtered.)
MINT DAM
AND BLUE
GRAND TOTAL.
POOL (Un-
RAIN-
FALL.
REMARKS.
filtered.)
May,
June,
July,
August,
...
34,980,000
15,600,000
63,440,000
66,000,000
September, 66,000,000
October,..
November,
December,
January,
February,
March,
April,
26,332,000 148,100,000 58,879,000 183,080,000 19,009,000 142,470,000 61,629,000 158,070,000 . 32,260,000 240,640,000 35,324,000 270,130,000 41,213,000 364,550,000 58,960,000 26,404,000 372,200,000 66,360,000 26,511,000 394,880,000 51,640,000 24,919,000 352,800,000 32,880,000 9,518,000 292,300,000 15,900,000 14,825,000 226,620,000 4,200,000 5,668,000 169,300,000 1,350,000 2,638,000 82,850,000
3,337,000
88,548,000 | 7,511,000 96,059,000 5.70
Constant supply.
15,255,000 95,893,000 5,538,000 101,431,000 14.25 51,963,000 | 304,080,000 18,298,000 102,521,000 4,135,000 106,656,000 7.05 32,925,000 336,130,000 32,327,000 100,576,000 2,686,000 103,262,000! 9.90 47,294,000 | 430,550,000 18,512,000 107,019,000 5,363,000 112,382,000 5.30 46,573,000 431,160,000 24,880,000 97,857,000 4,626,000 102,483,000 6.72 60,111,000 | 461,240,000 10,219,000
33
,,
69,990,000 404,440,000
3,332,000 ₫ 98,241,000
96,841,000 4,382,000 101,223,000 0.79 98,241,000 3,750,000 101,991,000 0.02
73,161,000 | 325,180,000
67,332,000 242,520,000 90,082,000 173,500,000 52,315,000 84,200,000
13,546,000 96,225,000 3,834,000 100,059,000 0.19 3,808,000 85,965,000 3,501,000 89,466,000 2.20 242,000 95,992,000 1,713,000 97,705,000 0.32 1,309,000 56,262,000 917,000 57,179,000
""
3.14 Intermittent supply 1st to 30th.
Dry Season.
Total,
...
264,621,000
712,254,000
145,065,000 1,121,940,000 47,956,000 1,169,896,000 55.58{
Estimated average population for whole year, Consumption per head per day for whole year, ....
>>
">
""
>>
197,000
15.6
during constant supply,
16.1
intermittent supply,
11.6
Intermittent supply, 30 days. Constant supply, 335 "}
- 50 -
Dry Season.
Wet Season.
MONTH.
POKFULAM.
Table XI.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA AND HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs &c. arranged according to the Rain Year 1899-1900.
TAITAM.
WONG-NEI-CHEONG.
TOTAL
MINT DAM
BLUE
GRAND
RAIN-
REMARKS.
SUMPTION
(Filtered.)
POOL (Un-
filtered.)
TOTAL.
FALL.
CONTENTS OF COLLECTED TOTAL CON- IMPOUNDING FROM In Reservoi: Discharged In Reservoir Discharged In Reservoir Discharged RESERVOIRS, STREAMS. 1st of month. into Tunnel. 1st of mouth. into Tunnel. 1st of month. into Tunnel. IST OF MONTH.
{May,
June,
|
|
4,760,000 14,063,000 42,160,000 65,422,000
3,200,000 20,355,000
July,
[
}
Intermittent supply to 10th. Constant supply to 25th. Intermittent supply to 3 st.
| Constant supply on Sih.
Constant supply.
32
42,160,000|65,422,000 Under. construction. 46,920,000 4,724,000 84,209,000 1,090,000 85,299,000 7.16 | 20,610,000 28,021,000 1,442,000 10,892,000 25,252,000 33,883,000 93,151,000 2,174,000 95,325,000 18.98 Intermittent supply to 7th. 66,180,000 | 41,625,000 | 257,200,000 20,772,000 22,557,000 19,722,000 345,937,000 32,644,000 114,763,000 2,025,000 116,788,000 10.13 August, .... 60,160,000|19,549,000|385,520,000 | | || 60,160,000 | 19,549,000 385,520,000 29,349,000 19,426,000 4,804,000 465,106,000 61,891,000 115,593,000 2,140,000 117,733,000 | 19.98 September, 66,180,000 23,352,000 392,680,000 25,349,000 30,459,000 Nil. 489,319,000 65,645,000 114,346,000| 7,708,000 122,054,000 6.30 October,.... 67,080,000 | 27,290,000 407,000,000 | 40,087,000 30,580,000 12,523,000 504,660,000 27,685,000 107,586,000| 7,090,000 114,676,000 0.88 November,. 54,000,000 11,230,000 395,620,000 61,872,000 13,335,000 18,611,000 462,955,000 4,984,000 96,697,000 5,647,000 102,314,000 December,. 49,350,000 11,438,000 347,700,000 | 79,079,000 679,000 2,611,000 397,729,000 7,888,000 101,016,000 6,861,000 107,877,000 1.79 . 44,960,000 | 12,965,000|285,190,000 | 83,249,000 Nil.
January,
February,..
...
36,340,000 6,240,000 210,880,000 80,000,000 March, ..... 34,640,000 5,457,000 142,000,000 84,411,000
[April,
""
207,000
37,320,000 23,757,000 74,791,000 | 71,689,000 1,176,000 |
1.64
Nil.
330,150,000 1,969,000 98,183,000| 2,163,000 100,316,000 0.77 247,220,000 1,183,000 87,513,000 3,346,000 90,859,000 2.64
""
""
176,847,000 4,450,000 91,318,000| 3,297,000 97,615,000 3.02 113,287,000 1,216,000 96,662,000 4,659,000 101,321,000 2.78
""
وو
Total,..
...
217,321,000
1,000
...
669,390,000
69,163,000
...
248,163,000 1,204,037,000 48,200,000 1,252,237,000| 76.07
Estimated average populatiom for whole year,.. Consumption per head per day for whole year,
.202,500
16.3
.....
""
""
""
during constant supply,
16.6
""
""
">
intermittent supply,
13.4
Intermittent supply 23 days. Constant supply 342 days.
-- 51 -
Dry Season.
Wet Season.
Table XII.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs &c. arranged according to the Rain Year 1900-1901.
POKFULAM.
TAITAM.
WONG-NEI-CHEONG.
TOTAL
MONTH.
IMPOUNDING
In Reservoir Discharged In Peservoir Discharged In Reservoir Discharged RESERVOIRS, STREAMS. 1st of month. into Tunnel. 1st of month. into Tunnel 1st of month. into Tunnel. IST OF MONTH.
CONTENTS OF COLLECTED TOTAL CON- MINT DAm
FROM
SUMPTION
BLUE
POOL (Un- (Filtered.) | (filtered.)
GRAND
RAIN-
REMARKS.
TOTAL.
FALL.
(May,
June,
July,
23,500,000 22,907,000 23,610,000 | 57,615,000 1,816,000 51,400,000 13,758,000 89,453,000 39,781,000 | 14,280,000 68,740,000 18,723,000 389,840,000 | 38,598,000 30,702,000
Nil.
48,926,000 17,881,000 98,403,000 6,340,000 104,743,000 9.31 140,853,000 43,862,000 97,401,000 5,479,000 102,880,000 26.52
Intermittent supply to 13th. Constant supply from 14th.
Constant supply.
""
August,
January, 55,500,000 18,847,000 275,260,000 87,246,000 10,160,000 February, .42,860,000 | 17,886,000 | 204,365,000|6,354,000 8,418,000 March,...... 26,300,000 19,454,000 145,480,000 92,594,000
[April,
8,600,000 14,929,000 64,360,000 70,319,000
68,200,000 27,390,000 385,520,000 68,233.000 30,337,000 [ September,. 65,640,000 | 28,330,000 379,900,000 42,778,000 28,236,000 24,667,000 473,776,000 26,642,000 122,417,000 October, 65,280,000 22,341,000 393,770,000 | 84,706,000 5,849,000 7,491,000 464,899,000 3,566,000 118,104,000 November,. 54,380,000 | 18,056,000 336,400,000 79,659,000 1,941,000 Nil. 392,721,000 6,360,000 104,075,000 | | December,. 64,740,000 17,757,000 342,520,000 | 86,258,000 11,588,000 418,848,000 5,479,000 | 109,494,000 310,920,000| 1,106,000 107,199,000 9,114,000 | 255,643,000 207,000 | 91,561,000 368,000 670,000 172,148,000 Nil. 112,718,000 270,000 4,135,000 73,230,000 4,700,000 94,089,000
489,282,000 | 65,474,000 | 122,795,000 404,057,000 36,447,000 132,070,000
2,142,000 124,937,000 | 10.13 2,067,000 134,137,000
""
6.69
>>
""
""
Total,
240,378,000
812,141,000
...
46,077,000
Estimated average population for whole year,
3,575,000 125,992,000
1,695,000 119,799,000 1.61 284,000 104,359,000| 5.78 1,734,000 111,228,000 0.15 1,429,000 108,628,000 2,139,000 || 93,680,000 | 0.77 558,000 113,276,000 1.27
326,000 211,730,000 1,310,326,000 27,724,000 1,338,030,000 67.25
Intermittent supply 7th to 9th then constant supply.
Intermittent
16 days.
supply
Constant supply 349
days.
33
>>
""
0.68
""
282,000| 94,371,000 | 0.03
.210,600
Consumption per head per day for whole year,....
17.0
>>
""
>>
during constant supply,
17.2
步车
""
""
""
intermittent supply,
13,0
— 52 —
Wet Season.
Table XIII.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 § 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS..
Details of Contents of Reservoirs &c. arranged according to the Rain Year 1901-1902.
TOTAL
POKFULAM.
TAITAM.
WONG-NEI-CHEONG.
MONTH.
In Reservoir Discharged In Reservoir | Discharged In Reservoir Discharged RESERVOIRS, 1st of month. into Tunnel. 1st of month. | into Tunnel. Ist of month into Tunnel. IST OF MONTH.
FROM
STREAMS.
CONTENTS OF COLLECTED TOTAL CON- IMPOUNDING
SUMPTION
MINT DAM
BLUE
POOL (Un- (Filtered.) | filtered.)
GRAND
TOTAL.
RAIN-
FALL.
REMARKS.
(May,
June,
July,
August, ....
I
14,140,000 24,103,000 36,900,000 46,135,000; Nil. 19,916,000 51,040,000 16,024,000 106,178,000 55,860,000 ' 26,627,000|186,640,000 64,544,000 8,473,000 |18,832,000 250,973,000| 1,116,000 | 111,119,000 43,040,000 27,057,000 | 189,580,000 | 93,585,000 23,000 | 34,000,000 17,015,000 | 145,260,000 63,079,000 September,. 69,640,000 26,836,000 315,670,000 | 72,548,000 9,781,000 | 17,590,000 395,091,000 10,317,000|127,291,000
Nil.
5,437,000 | 232,643,000| 2,052,000|128,131,000 19,113,000 179,260,000 20,322,000 119,529,000
March,
2,040,000 3,084,000; 54,690,000 | 33,183,000
October,.... 53,400,000 28,858,000 292,300,000 89,350,000 Nil.
253,000 November,. 38,740,000 20,070,000 234,140,000 66,910,000 3,257,000 December,. 22,500,000 13,270,000 181,645,000 58,118,000 3,458,000 January, ... 11,620,000 9,758,000 131,170,000 52,627,000 3,190,000 February,.. 4,100,000 4,003,000 89,220,000 38,684,000 116,000 305,000
|
345,953,000 6,164,000 124,372,000 276,137,000 586,000 87,566,000
302,000 106,480,000 14.10 322,000 111,441,000 2.34
5.58 280,000 128,411,000 671,000 120,200,000 14.00 759,000 | 128,050,000* 3.89 339,000 124,711,000 227,000 87,793,000 0.77
Constant supply.
2.51
55
, י
|
Nil.
· 207,603,000 5,511,000 76,899,000 444,000 3,765,000 145,980,000 28,000 66,178,000 93,436,000| 1,530,000| 44,217,000 57,035,000 3,201,000 39,468,000
77,343,000
0.84
""
Constant supply to 10th.
Intermittent supply from 11th,
Intermittent supply.
475,000
66,653,000
0.28
586,000
44,803,000
0.02
"3
430,000
39,898,000
0.48
>>
""
April,
Nil.
2,763.000 26,490,000 | 24,699,000!
293,000
26,783,000 2,694,000 30,156,000.
919,000
31,075,000
I
1.84
"3
""
Dry Season.
Total,..
|203,444,000)
703,462,000
84,655,000
69,545,000 1,061,104,000 5,754,000 1,066,858,000 46.65
supply
Intermittent
171 days. Constant supply 194 days.
Estimated average population for whole year, Consumption per head per day for whole year,
29
""
>>
>>
""
during constant supply,
intermittent supply.
.215.600
13.5
18.5
8.7
53 -
Dry Season.
Wet Season.
Table XIV.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs &c. arranged according to the Rain Year 1902-1903.
POKFULAM.
TAITAM.
WONG-NEI-CHEONG.
MONTH.
ΤΟΤΑΙ CONTENTS OF COLLECTED TOTAL CON- IMPOUNDING
In Reservoir Discharged In Reservoir Discharged In Reservoir Discharged RESERVOIRS, 1st of month. into Tunnel. Ist of mouth. into Tunuel. Ist of month. into Tunnel-[1ST OF MONTH.
FROM
STREAMS.
SUMPTION
(Filtered.)
MINT DAM
BLUE
POOL (Un-
filtered.)
GRAND TOTAL.
RAIN-
FALL.
REMARKS.
May,
June,
July,
Nil. 5,705,000 8,920,000 8,488,000 259,000 3,074,000 9,179,000 | 32,375,000 66,000,000 28,819,000 272,695,000 42,411,000 33,505,000 4,681,000 372,200,000 35,420,000 111,331,000 3,442,000 66,000,000 13,628,000 384,800,000 22,905,000 32,895,000 22,651,000 483,695,000 62,995,000 122,179,000 3,131,000 125,310,000 August, 66,000,000 18,271,000 | 384,800,000 56,563,000 33,260,000 869,000 484,060,000 29,845,000 105,548,000 3,197,000 108,745,000 26.50 September, 66,000,000 26,184,000 381,800,000 68,617,000 30,090,000 3,156,000 480,890,000 20,361,000 118,318,000 1,949,000 120,267,000 0.64 October,.... 59,980,000 27,751,000 357,010,000 62,823,000 20,991,000 23,858,000 437,981,000
49,642,000 2,886,000 52,228,000 26.73
¡ Intermittent supply
up to 24th. Constant supply from 25th.
Constant supply.
114,773,000 | 15.44
16.26
54
23,858,000|437,981,000
January,
February,
...
November,. 41,350,000 15,816,000 312,610,000 34,905,000 Nil. December,.. 32,560,000 17,542,000 298,900,000 | 44,060,000
1,057,000 21,600,000 14,912,000 270,070,000 | 57,338,000 1,900,000
| 293,570,000
March,..
10,645,000 12,084,000 222,520,000 46,706,000 ! 2,369,000 1,000,000 4,191,000 | 181,235,000 | 57,237,000
,
2,219,000
""
8,379,000 122,811,000 397,000 123,208,000 0.94 1,203,000 353,960,000 15,911,000
Nil. 17,000 332,517,000 8,232,000
231,000
235,534,000 1,841,000 184,454,000 3,368,000
|
April,
2,400,000
5,256,000 | 129,070,000| 53,911,000
67,835,000 3,846,000 71,681,000 5.40 Intermittent supply 69,834,000 3,495,000 73,329,000 2.96 72,481,000 1,707,000 74,188,000 1.37 60,631,000 1,693,000 62,324,000 ` 0.21 64,796,000 1,736,000 66,532,000 2.65 2,319,000 1,084,000 | 133,789,000 7,707,000 67,958,000 1,933,000 69,891,000 4.72
from 1st.
>>
Total,
:
...
190,159,000
...
555,964,000
60,576,000
226,665,000 1,033,364,000 29,412,000 1,062,776,000 103.82
Intermittent supply, 205 days. Constant supply, 160 days.
Estimated average population for whole year,. Consumption per head per day for whole year,.
""
"
.214,300
13.6
during constant supply,
....17.6
""
>>
intermittent supply,
.10.5
་
MONTH.
( May,
June,
July,
66,000,000 28,674,000 387,320,000 | 64,433,000 29,728,000 Nil.
POKFULAM.
Table XV.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Resorvoirs, &c., arranged according to the Rain Year 1903-1904.
TAITAM.
WONG-NEI-CHEONG.
TOTAL CONTENTS OF COLLECTED IMPOUNDING FROM STREAMS.
TOTAL CON-
SUMPTION
In Reservoir Discharged In Reservoir Discharged In Reservoir Discharged RESERVoirs, 1st of month. into Tunnel. Ist of mouth. into Tuimel.;1st of month. into Tunucl., 1ST OF MONTH.
| | | 9,400,000 17,113,000 104,120,000 52,009,000 4,634,000 21,130,000 118,154,000 21,595,000 52,000,000 | 26,740,000 211,900,000|72,790,000 i
MINT DAM
BLUE
! POOL (Un- (Filtered.) | filtered.)
|
460,000 3,621,000 264,360,000 26,988,000. 130,139,000
|
483,048,000 45,246,000 138,353,000
GRAND TOTAL, RAIN-
REMARKS.
FALL.
111,847,000
|
1,953,000 113,800,000 13.96
1,955,000 132,094,000 25,23 2,812,000 141,165,000 11.16
Intermittent supply up to the 5th inclusive. Constant supply com- menced on the 7th. Constant supply.
""
ง
August,
....
65,010,000 31,550,000: 384,800,000 81,184,000 30,398,000 September, 64,560,000 17,627,000 396,730,000 64,906,009 30,458,000
>>
"
October,.... 64,830,000 25,558,000 407,780,000 84,094,000 30,458,000 Nil.
| 480,208,000 30,384,000 143,118,000 2,758,000 145,876,000 14.97 491,748,000 50,622,000 133,155,000 2,774,000 135,929,000 16.54 503,068,000 21,712,000 131,364,000 2,877,000 134,241,000 1.66
}
>"
|
""
""
Wet Season.
Dry Season.
55
| December, 37,915,000 22,721,000 307,725,000 | 81,567,000 | 12,816,000
January,
19,575,000 16,381,000 240,100,000 54,371,000 9,706,000
February,
March,
April,
Nil. 358,456,000 7,782,000 112,070,000 1,279,000 113,349,000 269,381,000 10,009,000 80,761,000 950,000 81,711,000 0.12
| | | 6,160,000 7,693,000 192,460,000 46,691,000 7,382,000 8,490,000 206,002,000 8,857,000 71,731,000 957,000 72,688,000 0.20 Nil. 4,992,000 | 149,610,000 | 53,628,000 28,000 421,000 149,668,000 9,196,000 68,237,000 961,000 69,198,000 3.75 1,150,000 3,593,000. 103,740,000 54,425,000 500,000 Nil. 105,396,000, 14,944,000 72,962,000 238,000 73,200,000 1.90
|
| | ¦ November,. 54,650,000 22,275,000 369,750,000 75,879,000 24,926,000 10,250,000 449,326,000 11,266,000 119,670,000 1,926,000 121,596,000 1.09 0.08
"
Constant supply up to 20th inclusive. Intermittent supply com- menced on the 21st. Intermittent supply.
""
""
""
Total,
......
221,917,000
}
785,977,000
43,912,000
258,601,000 1,313,407,000 21,440,000 1,334,847,000 90.66
Intermittent supply, 138 days.
Constant supply, 228 days.
220,650
16.2
19.7
L
Estimated average population for whole year, Consumption per head per day for whole year,
""
35
during constant supply,
รว
""
""
intermittent supply,
..11.0
Dry Season.
Wet Season,
Table XVI.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 & 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA & HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs, &c. arranged according to the Rain Year 1904-1905.
TOTAL
CONTENTS OF COLLECTED TOTAL CON- IMPOUNDING :
POKFULAM.
TAITAM RESERVOIRS.
WONG-NEI-CHEONG.
FROM
SUMPTION
MONTH.
In Resorvoir Discharged 1st of month. into Tunnel.
Bywash.
Main. Discharge In Reservoir Discharged RESERVOIRS, In Reservoir In Reservoir into Tunnel. 1st of month. into Tunnel. IST OF MONTH.
STREAMS.
MINT DAM
BULE
POOL (Un- (Filtered) filtered.).
GRAND RAIN- TOTAL. FALL.
REMARKS.
1st of month. 1st of month.
May,
1,300,000 9,219,000
Nil.
June,
8,200,000| 12,705,000
57,800,000 43,190,000. Nil.
581,000 59,681,000 24,522,000 59,300,000. 44,594,000 4,060,000, 7,548,000 71,560,000 24,046,000
>>
July,
66,000,000 ||
35,680,000| 17,991,000
February,21,225,000
March,... 9,400,000 7,281,000
""
63,350,000
August, 15,028,000 7,315,000 373,250,000 71,386,000 16,996,000 September, 70,220,000| 24,505,000 | 26,301,000|407,000,000|| 58,581,000 33,138,000 October, 69,860,000 38,693,000 26,235,000 407,000,000|| 59,851,000 33,199,000 | November,. 56,220,000 22,209,000 18,526,000 406,220,000 73,770,000 15,760,000 December, 42,680,000 11,941,000 Nil.
January,... 35,680,000
""
15,266,000
April,..
7.70. 81,451,000
93,100,000 19.64
5,834,000|263,340,000| | 7.82
30,258,000 19,951,000 5,834,000 263,340,000 59,093,000 30,459,000 24,400,000 265,133,000 30,258,000 133,702,000- 511,000 134,213,000 8,552,000 460,911,000 44,644,000 139,610,000 76,000 140,186,000 27.64 10,006,000 536,659,000 44,821,000 137,913,000; 415,000 138,328,000 9.77 16,455,000 536,294,000 25,059,000 25,059,000 140,058,000 3,476,000 143,534,000 19,614,000 496,726,000 16,272,000 131,895,000 2,647,000 134,542,000 0.21
Nil. 385,160,000 101,949,000! 1,358,000 127,840,000 9,421,000 124,669,000 2,971,000 127,640,000: 0.23
306,200,000 | 101,451,000 1.80 659,000 341,880,000 12,756,000 132,860,000 738,000 133,598,000 225,030,000 86,224,000 132,000 Nil. 246,387,000 6,310,000 107,850,000 875,000 108,725,000 1.10 154,500,000 41,718,000! 552,000 1,149,000 | 164,452,000 38,132,000 88,281,000 366,000 88,647,000 11.48 44,960,000 20,112,000 1,639,000 200,420,000 78,669,000 10,613,000 13,564,000 257,632,000! 12,077,000 124,122,000 576,000 124,998,000
76,931,000 4,520,000
Intermittent supply.
88,893,000 4,207,000!
Intermittent supply to 27th. Constant supply from 28th. Constant supply.
"
2.00
""
|
Constant supply to 26th.
Intermittent supply from 27th.
1,149,000|164,452,000
1.24
Intermittent supply to 28th. 】Constant supply from 29th.
Constant supply.
Total,......
214,901,000
...
820,529,000
103,335,000
|
288,319,000 1,427,084,000 21,878,000 1,448,962,000 90.63
Constant supply, 248 days. Intermittent supply, 177
days.
Estimated average population for the whole year, Consumption per head per day for the whole year,
.225,800
17.3
during constant supply,
19.1
""
intermittent supply,
12,0
""
""
56
No. 24
1906
HONGKONG.
DETAILS OF CONTENTS OF RESERVOIRS, &c., ARRANGED ACCORDING
TO THE RAIN-YEAR 1905-1906,
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
DRY SEASON.
WET SEASON.
MONTH.
Table XVII.
(Mr. Chadwick's Report of 10th April, 1902, Paragraphs 25 and 26.)
CITY OF VICTORIA AND. HILL DISTRICT WATERWORKS.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs, &c. arranged according to the Rain Year 1905-1906.
POKFULAM.
TAITAM.
WONG-NEI-CHEONG.
TOTAL CON-
TENTS OF
In Reser-Discharged voir 1st of
Bye-wash.
Main.
Discharged In Reser-Discharged IMPOUNDING
month.
into
Tunnel.
In Reservoir 1st of month.
In Reservoir 1st of month.
into
Tunnel.
voir 1st of
month.
into
Tunnel.
RESERVOIRS. STREAMS.
COLLECTED TOTAL CON-
FROM SUMPTION
(Filtered). filtered).
MINT DAM
AND
GRAND
RAIN-
BLUE POOL
FALL.
REMARKS.
(Un-
TOTAL.
(Inches).
154,280,000 108,956,000|
Constant supply.
(May,
36,725,000 28,233,000
June,
July,
:
|
""
"}
Temporary Pump Taitanı Tuk 'Rider Mains brought into opera- tion in Districts 1, 2 & 3, from the 1st.
started on the 27th.
1,285,000 191,005,000 11,968,000 150,442,000 1,330,000 151,772,000 6.82 53,840,000 20,686,000 4,867,000 180,005,000 71,690,000 19,057,000 11,221,000 257,269,000 33,062,000 136,659,000 1,323,000 137,982,000 19.69 65,370,000 33,165,000 8,207,000 338,780,000 69,833,000 25,819,000 | 34,600,000 438,176,000 23,752,000 161,350,000 1,387,000 162,737,000: 9.02 August,.... 66,000,000 29,654,000 1,336,000 347,660,000 99,668,000 3,408,000 418,404,000 27,955,000 157,277,000 1,388,000 158,665,000' 12.12
September, 66,000,000 | 28,401,000 22,497,000 386,240,000 88,050,000 19,564,000 494,301,000 28,341,000 144,792,000 1,388,000 116,180,000 3.19 65,010,000 30,692,000 1,471,000 381,650,000 60,967,000 20,715,000 20,051,000 468,846,000 10,657,000 122,367,000 476,000 122,843,000; 1.83 362,135,000 92,406,000| 1,376,000 407,518,000 502,000 116,409,000 | .28 477,000 116,886,000
295,900,000 | 94,069,000 666,000 325,440,000 1,768,000 113,799,000 476,000 114,275,000 Intermittent supply to Easteru 2.37 District from 15th. 616,000 249,740,000 ₫ 2,005,000 107,210,000 1,210,000 108,420,000 1.98 851,000 168,220,000 11,697,000 92,631,000 1,780,000 94,411,000 607,000 114,770,000 13,205,000: 91,956,000; 1,468,000 93,421,000 62,427,000 19,452,000 82,749,000 275,000 83,024,000
October,
November,.. 45,680,000 22,125,000
December, 29,540,000 17,296,000
January,
18,300,000 15,612,000;
February,
7,100,000 4,627,000
March, 7,450,000 6,373,000 |
{ April,
6,920,000 10,138,000.
:
231,440,000 88,977,000
161,120,000 | 75,456,000|
:
:
107,320,000 71,771,000 55,380,000| 53,159,000
127,000
2.25
Do, do, extended to Dis- trict 4 ou the 22nd.
77
2.63 )
Universal Intermittent supply from 15th.
9.79 | Constant supply except in Ri- der Main Districts from 19th.
Totul,...
[247,002,000
Universal Intermittent supply,
975,002,000
71,273,000
(184,864,000 1,477,641,000 12,978,000 1,490,619,000
71.97
34 days.
Partial Constant supply.
Do.,
178
153
Estimated average population for whole year, Consumption per head per day for whole year,...
.230,500.
17.5
""
""
during Constant supply,
">
27
}}
"}
"}
}}
""
Partial,
>>
21.3
Universal Intermittent supply,....10.6
...15.9
>>
582
No. 1908
HONGKONG.
REPORT ON THE WIDOWS AND ORPHANS' PENSION FUND, FOR THE YEAR 1905,
Laid before the Legislative Council by Command of His Excellency the Governor.
HONGKONG, 30th January, 1906.
The amount to the Credit of the Fund on the 31st December last was $233,013.67, including $12,390.38 for interest, as per Statement appended.
The average monthly contributions amount now to about $2,600.
On the 31st December, 1904, the number of contributors on the books was 449, and on the 31st December, 1905, 497, of whom 194 are bachelors, 288 are married men, and 15 are widowers.
During the year, 98 officers joined the Fund, 43 left, and 7 died.
The total number of children on the books is 454.
Of the 43 who left, 33 resigned the Government Service, and 10 were dismissed.
The seven subscribers who died were 2 bachelors, 4 married men and 1 widower.
The causes of death were as under :-
1 Chinese
(30) Pneumonia.
1 Chinese (49) Died in his country.
1 Portuguese (72) Atheroma.
1 Portuguese (59) Cholera.
1 European (41) Committed suicide.
1 European (38) Died in England. 1 Indian
(26) Died at sea.
There are now in the list 32 pensioners whose pensions aggregate $3,732.50 per annum as follows:
Mrs. Beavin,
14.45
Moosdeen,
63.67
;)
Moore,
239.85
>>
Chan Tai,
54.85
22
Alarakia's Child,
48.89
""
""
Chu Tsau,
81.62
">
Wong Yau Lin,
5.12
Chow Hung Shi's Children,.
23.26
Lo Lai Shi,
113.26
""
19
Madar's Daughter,..
30.91
Wildey,
247.63
"}
Ho Yow Tsoi,
187.51
17
Gutierrez,
236.19
11
Robertson,.
163.78
""
"
Cheung Hon Shi,
17.86
Freire,
41.99
....
""
Duncan,
215.68
""
Hood,..
45.04
""
""
Leung Wong Shi,
34.08
Sun Au Yung Shi,
99.46
Ku Yiu Kyau,
94.03
""
Wong Fung Shi,
99.40
Dixon,
249.00
"2
99 Rocha,
Gidley, Seymour,
181.02
213.80
243.36
Carried forward,
...$3,045.71
Brought forward,
......
$3,045.71
Mrs. Ng So,
Williamson, Lok Man Shi, White,
46.47
192.74
115.81
114.54
""
Collaço, Tsoi So,..
185.46
31.77
Total,
$3,732.50
A. M. THOMSON,
Chairman.
L. A. M. JOHNSTON,
E. CORNEWALL LEWIS, Directors. E. H. D'AQUINO,
To Balance 1st January, 1905, ...$ 196,525.75
""
Less Refunds, ...... 131.36
STATEMENT OF THE WIDOWS AND ORPHANS' FUND
UP TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1905.
Contribution, .$30.881.12
By Pensions paid to Widows,
"
39
Orphans,
Sums paid on the cancelment
$ 3,426.73
85.90
Interest,
30,749.76 12,390.38
of memberships,
1,195.75
>>
Expenses of Management,
1,045.33
29
Printing,
25.00
99
Auditors' Fee,
120.00
""
Fee to Mr. Young for Report,
239,665.89
To Unclained Pensions
Mrs. Beavin,
6.65
"
Moosdeen's Children,
27.86
Moore,
119.92
""
""
Chu Tsau,...
54.42
Wong Yau Lin,
3.41
>>
Chow Hang Shi's Chil-
dren,
32.94
""
Wildey,
82.54
35
Robertson,
54.60
>2
Freire,
7.00
""
Dixon,
83.00
Hood,..
22 52
>>
""
Wong Fung Shi,
82.83
""
Gidley,
71.27
Seymour,
4.00
To Amount of the Fund,
232,360.71
$233,013.67
&c., on the W. & O. Fund,
£70.10,
Balance,
>>
By Balance deposited with the
Government,
753.51
233,013.67
$239,665.89
$233,013.67
$233,013.67
1
-PAPERS
LAID BEFORE THE
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL
OF
HONGKONG
DIEU
1906
MON
HONGKONG:
PRINTED BY NORONHA & Co., GovernMENT PRINTERS
1906
INDEX.
Page.
ASSESSMENT.
BACTERIOLOGIST, GOVERNMENT,.. Report for 1905,
Report on, for 1906-1907,
575
358
BERI-BERI
.Research into the Etiology of,
121
BLUE BOOK
..Report on, for 1905,
105
BOTANICAL AND FORESTRY
.Report for 1905,
439
EDUCATION
.Report for 1905,
473
ESTIMATES OF EXPENDITURE ...Abstract shewing differences between Estimates for
1906 and 1907,
583
FINANCIAL RETURNS
For 1905,
33
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
...In connection with Estimates for 1907,
585
FIRE BRIGADE GAOL
Report for 1905,
431
Report for 1905,
57
HARBOUR MASTER
.Report for 1905,
189
HYGIENE
Report on the teaching of, in Hongkong Schools,
3
JURORS
MEDICAL
OBSERVATORY
...List of, for 1906,
13
.Report for 1905,
259
..Report for 1905,
87
PLAGUE
Report on Epidemic of, during 1905, -
283
PO LEUNG KUK
.Report for 1905,
248
POLICE AND CRIME
Report for 1905,
415
POLICE MAGISTRATES COURT ...Return of, for 1905,
399
POST OFFICE
.Report for 1905,
407
PUBLIC WORKS
.Report for 1905,
535
QUEEN'S COLLEGE
1
REFUSE DESTRUCTORS
.Report for 1905,
29
Report by Examiners of,
587
Report on,....
531
REGISTRAR GENERAL
.Report for 1905.
225
SANITARY
SANITARY SURVEYOR
Report for 1905,
255
.Report for 1905,
396
SUPREME COURT.......
.Report and Returns for 1905,
69
TUNG WAH HOSPITAL
...Report on,
351
VETERINARY SURGEON, COLONIAL, Report for 1905,
392
VOLUNTEER CORPS, HONGKONG, Report for 1905-1906, WATERWORKS
453
Contents of Reservoirs, 1889-1905,
Do.
39
1905-1906,
581
WIDOWS AND ORPHANS' PENSION
FUND
.Report for 1905,
1
}
L
!
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 1.
WEDNESDAY, 31ST JANUARY, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
/
HATTON, C.R.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
""
"}
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
""
>>
the Harbour Master, (LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE). Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK,
Mr. GERSHOM STEWART.
"J
>"}
Mr. CHARLES WEDDERBURN DICKSON. Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
""
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. ROBERT GORDON SHEWAN.
The Council met pursuant to summons.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 7th December, 1905, were read and confirmed.
• NEW MEMBER.Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C., was duly sworn and took his seat as an Unofficial Member of the Council.
RESOLUTION. His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council, and moved the following Resolution :---
"That the Legislative Council of Hongkong desire to humbly express the sorrow with which the intelligence of the death of the Queen's father has been received and their deep sympathy with their Majesties the King and Queen in their bereavement.”
The Hon. Dr. Ho KAI addressed the Council, and seconded the motion, which was carried unanimously.
ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned sine die.
Read and confirmed this 22nd day of February, 1906:
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
M. NATHAN,
Governor.
}
}
MOTION. REGISTRATION OF PARTNERSHIPS.—Mr. POLLOCK addressed the Council, and
moved
That it is desirable that legislation for the registration of partners, with limited
liability, should be introduced into this Colony.
Dr. Ko KAI addressed the Council, and seconded the motion.
Mr. HEWETT and the Attorney General addressed the Council. After some discussion the motion was withdrawn.
QUESTIONS. Mr. POLLOCK, pursuant to notice, asked the following questions :—
1. Have the experiments in wood-paving proved sufficiently satisfactory to warrant
an extension of this method of road-making being taken into consideration? 2. With reference to the leading article, which appeared in the "South China Morning Post" of the 19th April, 1906, will the Government state why the notification as to dead rats therein referred to was not promptly attended to by the Sanitary Authorities, and will the Government also state what steps are being taken to prevent the recurrence of such delays in future?
3. Will the Government consider the advisability of granting to those Civil Servants who are drawing their pay on a Sterling basis the privilege of drawing half of their pay at the rate of 1s. 8d. to the dollar, or will the Government grant some other relief by way of compensation to such Civil Servants?
The Colonial Secretary replied.
MARRIED WOMEN'S PROPERTY BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the law relating to the Property of Married Women.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
DENTISTS REGISTRATION BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to regulate the qualifications and to provide for the Registration of Dentists.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
SUMMARY OFFENCES (FURTHER AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General addressed the Council, and moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend The Summary Offences (Amendment) Ordinance, 1905.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and Bill reported without amendment.
MAGISTRATES (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General addressed the Council, and moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance further to amend the Magistrates Ordinance, 1890.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and Bill reported with one amendment.
LUNATIC ASYLUMS BILL.-The Attorney General moved that the order relating to the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to provide for the establishment of Lunatic Asylums and to provide for the custody and care therein of persons of unsound mind, be withdrawn.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill withdrawn.
:
:
LUNACY BILL.-The Attorney General addressed the Council, and moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance relating to the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court with respect to the care and commitment of the custody of the persons and estates of Lunatics.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned until Thursday, the 31st May, 1906.
Read and confirmed this 31st day of May, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
*
M. NATHAN,
Governor.
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 2.
THURSDAY, 22ND FEBRUARY, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
")
>>
""
123
the Attorney. General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
the Registrar General, ( ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
"}
Mr. GERSHOM STEWART.
""
17
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
ABSENT:
Mr. ROBERT GORDON SHEWAN.
""
11
Mr. CHARLES WEDDERBURN DICKSON.
The Council met pursuant to summons.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 31st January, 1906, were read and con- firmed.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
PAPERS. The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers :—
Report on the Widows and Orphans' Pension Fund, for the year, 1905. Report on the Teaching of Hygiene in the Schools of Hongkong.
FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 1 to 6), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee :-
No. 9662 of 1905, C.O.D.
eous,
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Eight thousand Dollars Miscellan- ($8,000) to meet expenditure incurred by the Treasurer of the Reception Com- mittee, and for illuminating the public buildings in connection with the visit to this Colony of H.R.H. Prince Arthur of Connaught.
No. 127 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 940 of
1905, C.S.0.
Government House, Hongkong, 5th January, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six hundred and eighty-one Dollars and sixty Cents ($681.60) in aid of the vote Miscellaneous Services, Telegraph Service-Contribution in connection with Signalling Vessels and Messages to Observatory.
Government House, Hongkong, 9th January, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand two hundred and fifty Dollars ($5,250) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Rifle Range at the Peak.
Government House, Hongkong, 15th January, 1906.
:
No. 532 of 1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to revote a sum of Sixty-five thousand two hundred and one Dollars and fourteen Cents ($65,201.14) and to vote a sum of Six thousand and twenty Dollars ($6,020) in aid of the vote-Public Works Extraordinary, for the following items:-
Bacteriological Institute,
Government Civil Hospital-Extension of Staff
$2,844.94
Quarters,
3,000.00
Gunpowder Depôt, Green Island,
14,389.56
Harbour Office,.....
6,926.53
Post Office, Shanghai,
10,000.00
School, Yaumati,
Tai Po, Quarters for Officers,
1,382.00 5,086.00
Miscellaneous Drainage Works,
Kowloon Roads,
Green Island Light Improvement,
Volunteer Headquarters (Contribution),..
Kowloon-Canton Railway-Survey and Prelimi-
24.56
326.85
5,600.00
88.02
nary work..
.10,532.68
-$65,201.14
Bacteriological Institute,
1,920.00
Gunpowder Depôt, Green Island,
300.00
Green Island Light Improvement,
1,800.00
Compensation to Lessees of Quarries D. 16 & D.
17, Lyemun,
2,000.00.
-$6,020.00
1
No. 167 of 1906, C.S.O.
Government House, Hongkong, 29th January, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand and forty Dollars ($3,040) in aid of the vote Judicial and Legal Departments for the following items:-
Magistracy, New Territories, Other Charges, Furnishing of the
New Tai Po Quarters,
.$1,520
Land Registry Office, New Territories, Other Charges, Furni-
shing of the New Tai Po Quarters,.
1,520
Total,
$3,040
Government House, Hongkong, 6th February, 1906.
No. 6673 of
1907, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Sixty Dollars ($60) in Extension aid of the vote, Medical Department-Other Charges, B.-Hospitals and Asylums,
New Territory, Rent of Temporary Dispensary at Tai Po.
Government House, Hongkong, 9th February, 1906.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
RESOLUTION.-The Attorney General moved the following resolution :-
Whereas by section 5 of “The Summoning of Chinese Ordinance, 1899”, (No. 12 of 1899) it was enacted that the said Ordinance should only continue in operation for the period of two years from the coming into operation of the srid Ordinance and for such further period or periods as might, from time to time, be determined by Resolution of the Legislative Council, and whereas such operation has been continued by Resolution of this Council until the 30th day of March, 1906, inclusive:
衅
it is hereby resolved by this Council that "The Summoning of Chinese Ordinance, 1899”, shall be further continued in operation for the further period of two years from the 31st day of March, 1906, inclusive.
The Colonial Secretary seconded the motion, which was carried unanimously. QUESTION. Mr. STEWART, pursuant to notice, asked the following question :-
Will the Government take into consideration the advisability of approaching the
Proprietors of the "City Hall" with a view to acquiring the "Building in order that it may be altered to meet the necessity of the growing com- munity?
The Colonial Secretary replied,
770
QUESTIONS. Mr. POLLOCK, pursuant to notice, asked the following questions:-
Will the Government state what steps are being taken to educate the Chinese tenants of houses in the principles of sanitation and ventilation which are applicable to the houses in which they live?
For what purpose was Robinson Road, Kowloon, opened up and on what date? When is it anticipated that the work will be completed and the road restored
proper state?
to its
Will the Government state what steps they have taken, and what further steps they intend to take and when. in connection with the installation of a system of fire-alarms? Will the Government also state what is the estimated cost of such installation?
Wil the Government state what progress has been made with the works for the extension of water storage at Tytam and at Tytam Tuk and at Kowloon? Will the Government also state when these respective works are likely to be completed?
When is it anticipated that--
(a) the New Post Office,
(b) the New Law Courts,
will be completed?
Is it the intention of the Government to make a road from the top Tram Station to
Plantation Road? If so, when? What is the estimated cost of such road? Will the Government procure and lay before the Council an estimate of the cost of prolonging Kennedy Road in a south-easterly direction from the point of its junction with the Wanchai Gap Road so that it may lead down to the Race Course at the back of the Mahommedan Cemetery?
Will the Government procure and lay upon the table an estimate of the cost of
continuing Harlech Road round the North side of Victoria Peak--
(a) back to Victoria Gap,
(b) to Barker Road?
The Colonial Secretary and the Director of Public Works replied.
SUMMARY OFFENCES (FURTHER AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend The Summary Offences (Amend- ment) Ordinance, 1905.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
MAGISTRATES (AMENDMENT) BILL.--The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance further to amend the Magistrates Ordinance, 1890.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
LUNATIC ASYLUMS BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to provide for the establishment of Lunatic Asylums and to provide for the custody and care therein of persons of unsound mind.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
X
:
LUNACY BILL.--The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled Ar Ordinance relating to the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court with respect to the care and commitment of the custody of the persons and estates of Lunatics.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
ADJOURNMENT.--The Council then adjourned until after the meeting of the Finance
Committee.
JURY LIST FOR 1906.-On Council resuming it proceeded to consider the Jury List for ́ 1906 in private.
ADJOURNMENT.—The Council adjourned sine die.
Read and confirmed, this 17th day of May, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER, Clerk of Councils.
M. NATHAN,
Governor.
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 3.
THURSDAY, 17TH MAY, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY, THE GOVERNOR (Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
>>
"
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho Kai, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
""
21
Mr. CHARLES WEDDERBURN DICKSON.
>>
>>
25
Mr. EDBERT ANSGER HEWETT.
29
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C. Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
+
The Council met pursuant to summons.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 22nd February, 1906, were read and confirmed.
NEW MEMBERS.--Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE and Mr. EDBERT ANSGER HEWETT took the Oath and assumed their seat as Members of the Council.
COMMITTEES.-His Excellency the Governor, in accordance with the Standing Order No. 47, appointed the Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK to be a Member of the Law Committee vice Mr. ROBERT GORDON SHEWAN, and the Honourables Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE and Mr. EDBERT ANSGER HEWETT to be Members of the Public Works Committee vice Sir C. P. CHATER and Mr. GERSHOM STEWART.
PAPERS. The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers :-
1. Jurors List for 1906.
2. Report on the Queen's College, for the year 1905.
3. Financial Returns for the year 1905.
4. City of Victoria and Hill District Water-works. (Water Statistics from 1889-
1905.)
5. Report of the Superintendent of Victoria Gaol, for the year 1905.
6. Report of the Registrar of the Supreme Court, for the year 1905.
7. Report of the Director of the Hongkong Observatory, for the year 1905.
8. Report on the Blue Book for 1905.
9. Research into the Etiology of Beri-beri.
10. Report of the Harbour Master, for the year 1905.
11. Report of the Registrar-General, for the year 1905.
12. Reports on the Health and Sanitary Condition of the Colony of Hongkong, for
the year 1905.
13. Rules and Regulations made under Section 6 of the Dangerous Goods Ordi-
nance, 1873, in relation to Petroleum in Bulk.
14. Rules and Regulations made under Section 6 of the Dangerous Goods Ordinance,
1873, in relation to Petroleum in Cases.
15. Rules and Regulations made under Section 6 of the Dangerous Goods Ordinance,
1873, in relation to Dangerous Goods in General.
16. Regulation to amend the Regulations made under the Dangerous Goods Or-
dinance, 1873, in relation to Petroleum in Bulk.
FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 7 to 27 excepting No. 15 which was withdrawn), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee?-
No. 1316 of 1906, C.S.0.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Dollars ($3,000) in aid of the vote, Harbour Master's Department, G.-Lighthouses, for the following items :-
Gap Rock Lighthouse, Other Charges.
Gunpowder Charges and Tubes for Fog Signalling Guns,...$1,000
Waglan Island Lighthouse, Other Charges.
Gunpowder Charges and Tubes for Fog Signalling Guns,... 2,000
Total,
$3,000
No. 9210 of 1902, C.O.D.
No. 5610 of 105, C.S 0.
No. 4×36 of 1905, Exten- sion.
Na, 1774 of 1906, C.$.0.
No. 1878 of
1906, C.S,O.
Government House, Hongkong, 23rd February, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five hundred Dollars ($500) in aid of the vote, Education, A.-Department of Inspector of Schools, Other Charges, Visual Instruction Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 23rd February, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Fifteen thousand two hundred Dollars ($15,200) in aid of the vote. Public Works Extraordinary, Communications, Metallic Circuits including New Route to North Point.
Government House, Hongkong, 1st March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six hundred Dollars ($600) in aid of the vote Registrar General's Department-Other Charges, Language Allowance to Mr. C. CLEMENTI, Assistant Registrar General, who has passed the examination in the Pekingese Colloquial.
Government House, Hongkong, 5th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and twelve Dollars ($112) in aid of the vote, Post Office, Postal Agencies in China,- Other Charges, Hankow, Incidental Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 10th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand seven hundred and forty Dollars ($1,740) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments, for the following:-
-Infectious Hospitals.
Hospital Hulk Hygeia:
Personal Emoluments.
Temporary Staff, for 3 months,
$240
Other Charges.
Provisions, &c.,
1,500
Total,
$1,740
Government House, Hongkong, 15th March, 1906.
No. 2186 of 1906, c.8.0.*
No. 2114 of 1905, C.S.0.
No. 1813 of 1906, v.5.0.
M. NATHAN
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Sixteen thousand Dol- lars ($16,000) in aid of the vote-Miscellaneous Services, Refunds of Revenue.
Government House, Hongkong, 23rd March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Seventy Dollars ($70) in aid of the vote, Post Office, B.-Postal Agencies in China-Other Charges, Shang- hai, Allowance for attendance on Sundays.
Government House, Hongkong, 24th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Dollars ($3,000) in aid of the vote, Harbour Master's Department, G.-Lighthouses, for the following items :---
Gap Rock Lighthouse, Other Charges.
Gunpowder Charges and Tubes for Fog Signalling Guns, ...$1,000
Waglan Island Lighthouse, Other Charges.
Gunpowder Charges and Tubes for Fog Signalling Guns,
Total,..
2,000
.$3,000
No. 1624 of 1989, C.S.0.
No. 710 of 1903,
Government House, Hongkong, 27th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and eight Dollars ($408) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, D.-Land Registry Office Other Charges, for New Territories, Conveyance and hire of Coolies.
Government House, Hongkong, 27th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and fifty Extension. Dollars and sixty-six Cents ($450.66) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extra-
ordinary, Resumption of Land for the Sai U Shek Cemetery, near Kowloon City.
No. 2240 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 9662 of
19 5.C.O.D.
Mis-
.cellaneous.
No. 7335 of
1905.
Government House, Hongkong, 28th March, 1903.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Forty-two thousand Dollars ($42,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, 19, Forming and Kerbing Streets.
Government House, Hongkong, 29th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a further sum of Four thousand four hundred and fifty-five Dollars and fifty-nine Cents ($4,455.59) in aid of the vote, Miscellaneous Services, Connaught Reception.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st March, 1906.
M. NATHAN
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and Extension. twenty Dollars ($120) in aid of the vote, Treasury, A.-Treasurer's Office- Other
Charges, New Territory, Conveyance Allowance to Clerk and Shroff.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st March, 1906.
•
3
No. 3470 of
1905 C.O.D.
No. 2791 of 1996, C.S.0.
No. 2992 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 586 of 1905, C.5.0.
No. 3271 of 1904, C.O.D.
No. 3170 of
1905, C.O.D.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand eight hundred taels (taels 1,800) in aid of the vote, Post Office, B.-Postal Agencies in › China, Other Charges, Shanghai, Rent of the British Post Office Extension site from 1st July, 1905, to 31st December, 1906.
Government House, Hongkong, 10th April, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three hundred and fifty thousand Dollars ($350,000) in aid of the vote Public Works Extraordinary, Kowloon- Canton Railway.
Government House, Hongkong, 25th April, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six hundred and eight- five Dollars ($685) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, A.-Supreme Court, Other Charges, Safe for Original Wills.
Government House, Hongkong, 2nd May, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three hundred and aid of the vote, Medical Depart- ments-Other Charges, A.--Staff, Health Officer of Port, Repairs to Launch.
seventy-two Dollars and thirty Cents ($372.30)*.%
Government House, Hongkong, 5th May, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to revote a sum of One hundred and • seventy-two Dollars and eighty Cents ($172.80 @ 28. 1d.= £18) in and of the vote, Military Expenditure, B.-Volunteers-Other Charges, Contribution towards Ser- geant Major's Army Pension.
Government House, Hongkong, 5th May, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and fifty Dollars ($450) in aid of the vote, Post Office, B.-Postal Agencies in China-Other Charges, Shanghai, Rates and Taxes.
Government House, Hongkong, 5th May, 1906.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 22nd February, 1906, and moved its adoption.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
AMENDMENT OF THE SCAVENGING AND CONSERVANCY BYE-LAWS.-The Colonial Secre- tary moved an amendment to the Scavenging and Conservancy Bye-laws.
The Attorney General seconded, and the motion was carried.
1
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 4.
THURSDAY, 31ST MAY, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
""
""
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.). the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
11
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
19
""
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
Mr. EDWARD Osborne.
99
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
29
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
The Council met pursuant to adjournment.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 17th May, 1906, were read and con- firmed.
• FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 28 to 33), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee :-
No. 343 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 3058 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 6787 of 1905, C.S.O.
No. 2921 of 1905, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three hundred and fifty Dollars ($350) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Buildings, 12.—Quar- ters for Signalmen, Green Island.
Government House, Hongkong, 16th May, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand Dollars ($1,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Buildings, Re-arrangement of Outbuildings at the Supreme Court.
Government House, Hongkong, 19th May, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Seven thousand eight hundred Dollars ($7,800) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Buildings, -Time Ball Tower on Blackhead's Hill, Kowloon.
Government House, Hongkong, 19th May, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twenty-eight thousand two hundred and seventy-five Dollars and thirty-six Cents ($28,275.36) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Miscellaneous, Re-construction of Government Piers.
Government House, Hongkong, 19th May, 1906.
No. 3489 of 1903, C.S.O.
No. 4499 of 1905, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two hundred and seventeen Dollars and eighty Cents ($217.80) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Buildings, 10. School, Yaumati.
Government House, Hongkong, 28th May, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred Dollars ($100) in aid of the vote, Education, Department of Inspector of Schools-Other Charges, Remuneration to Assistant Examiners of Grant Schools.
Government House, Hongkong, 28th May, 1906.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE. The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 17th May, 1906, and moved its adoption.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
SUPPLEMENTARY APPROPRIATION BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of á Bill entitled An Ordinance to authorize the Appropriation of a Supplementary Sum of Two hundred and seventy-eight thousand four hundred and twelve Dollars and eight Cents, to defray the Charges of the Year 1905.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
MARRIED WOMEN'S PROPERTY BILL.-The Attorney General addressed the Council, and moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the law relating to the Property of Married Women.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
The Attorney General moved that the Bill be referred to the Law Committee.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
DENTISTS REGISTRATION BILL. The Attorney General addressed the Council, and moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to regulate the qualifications and to provide for the Registration of Dentists.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
The Attorney General moved that the Bill be referred to the Law Committee.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
SUMMARY OFFENCES (FURTHER AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend The Summary Offences (Amend- ment) Ordinance, 1905.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
MAGISTRATES (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance further to amend the Magistrates Ordinance, 1890.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
LUNACY BILL.--The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance relating to the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court with respect to the care and commitment of the custody of the persons and estates of Lunatics.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned until Thursday, the 7th June, 1906.
Read and confirmed, this 7th day of June, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
M. NATHAN,
Governor.
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 5.
THURSDAY, 7TH JUNE, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR (Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
"1
21
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
""
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
99
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
77
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER Barnes-Lawrence,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
""
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
"}
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
""
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
The Council met pursuant to adjournment.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 31st May, 1906, were read and con- firmed.
NEW MEMBER.--Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON took the Oath and assumed his seat as a Member of the Council.
REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 31st May, 1906, and moved its adoption.
•
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
QUESTIONS. Mr. OSBORNE, pursuant to notice, asked the following questions
1. Will the Government take steps to improve the Ricksha service by
(a.) Requiring them to be more strongly built and provided with better
springs.
(b.) Instituting a monthly inspection.
(c.) Making it a condition of the licence that every Ricksha be provided with
a clean white cover to the back and to the seat.
d.) Introducing first class Rickshas (both for Victoria and Kowloon)
similar to those at Saigon.
2. Will the Government make provision in the forthcoming Estimates for :-
(a.) A market at Tsim-tsat-sui.
(b.) A refuse burner.
3. Will the Government take steps to enquire what practical means can be adopted for re-establishing and maintaining the value of British subsidiary coinage on a par with the dollar.
The Colonial Secretary, the Director of Public Works, and the Colonial Treasurer replied.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to pro- vide for the establishment of Asylums for the Custody and Care of persons of unsound mind, and others.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
:
SUPPLEMENTARY APPROPRIATION BILL.-The Attorney General moved the second read- ing of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to authorize the Appropriation of a Supplementary Sum of Two hundred and seventy-eight thousand four hundred and twelve Dollars and eight Cents, to defray the Charges of the Year 1905.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
The Attorney General moved that the Bill be referred to the Finance Committee.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned until Thursday, the 14th June, 1906.
Read and confirmed this 14th day of June, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
}
M. NATHAN,
Governor.
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 6.
THURSDAY, 14TH JUNE, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
"}
""
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
""
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
""
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
22
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER Barnes-Lawrence,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
99
""
""
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
**
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
""
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
The Council met pursuant to adjournment.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 7th June, 1906, were read and con firmed.
COMMITTEE. His Excellency the Governor, in accordance with Standing Order No. 47, appointed the Honourable Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON to be a Member of the Public Works Committee vice Mr. CHARLES WEDDERBURN DICKSON.
FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 34 to 38), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee :—
No. 10169 of 1904, C.S.O.
No. 4309 of
1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to re-vote a sum of Two thousand one hundred and sixty-four Dollars ($2,164) in aid of the vote. Public Works Extra- ordinary, Buildings:-1. Government Civil Hospital-Extension to Staff Quarters.
Government House, Hongkong, 6th June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand Dollars ($1,000) in aid of the vote, Police and Prison Departments, A.-Police-Other Charges, for the following items :-
Meals for Prisoners in Cells,
Secret Service,
Total,
$400
600
$1,000
No. 8023 of 1904, C.O.D.
Government House, Hongkong, 7th June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand three hundred and seventy-five Dollars and seventy-nine Cents ($3,375.79) in aid of the vote, Military Expenditure, B.-Volunteers-Other Charges, Rifles and Equipment.
Government House, Hongkong, 7th June, 1906.
5
No. 4344 of 1908, C.S.O.
No. 4059 of
1906, C.O.D.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand six hundred Dollars ($1,600) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments, Other Charges, B.-Hospitals and Asylums, Civil Hospital: Washing.
Government House, Hongkong, 7th June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and seventy Dollars ($470) in aid of the vote, Post Office, A.-Hongkong Post Office Other Charges, for the following items:-
Contingencies,
Rent of a floor,..
$ 50 420
Total,................................$470
Government House, Hongkong, 9th June, 1906.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 7th June, 1906, and moved its adoption.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
REPORT OF THE LAW COMMITTEE.-The Attorney General, by command of His Ex- cellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Law Committee, dated the 7th June, 1906, and moved its adoption.
After some discussion the motion was withdrawn.
QUESTIONS.-Mr. HEWETT, pursuant to notice, asked the following questions:-
With reference to the Draft Supplementary Colonial Estimates giving a comparative statement of the Estimated and Actual Expenditure of the Colony for the year 1905 as presented to the Legislative Council at the last meeting, will the Honourable the Colonial Secretary state what saving, if any, has been effected in the personal emoluments of the whole of the Civil Service during that period?
Is the saving entirely due to the difference in the rate of exchange between that calculated on in the Estimates and the rate at which payment was made, or if to other causes, what causes?
On what rate were the Estimates based, and at what rate or rates were payments ·
made?
The Colonial Treasurer replied.
NAVAL AND MILITARY WORKS BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to authorize the construction and maintenance of certain Naval and Military Works upon and over certain portions of the Crown foreshore and sea bed situate upon the Harbour frontage of the City of Victoria, in this Colony.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
:
ASYLUMS BILL.-The Attorney General addressed the Council, and moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to provide for the establishment of Asylums for the Custody and Care of persons of unsound mind, and others.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
The Attorney General moved that the Council resolve itself into Committee of the whole Council on the Bill.
•
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and Bill reported with amendments.
SUPPLEMENTARY APPROPRIATION BILL.-The Colonial Secretary moved the third read ing of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to authorize the Appropriation of a Supplementary Sum of Two hundred and seventy-eight thousand four hundred and twelve Dollars and eight Cents, to defray the Charges of the Year 1905.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
MARRIED WOMEN'S PROPERTY BILL.-The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the Law relating to the Property of Married Women.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned until Thursday, the 21st June, 1906.
Read and confirmed, this 21st day of June, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
M. NATHAN,
Governor.
1
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 7.
THURSDAY, 21ST JUNE, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
>>
""
91
19
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER Barnes-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
""
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
""
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
* * * *
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
The Council met pursuant to adjournment.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 14th June, 1906, were read and con- firmed.
PAPERS. The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on The table the following papers :—
Report on the Botanical and Forestry Department, for the year 1905.
Report on the Hongkong Volunteer Corps, for the year April 1st, 1905, to March
31st, 1906.
Report of the Inspector of Schools, for the year 1905.
FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 39 to 41), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee :—
No. 4365 of 1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Dollars ($3,000) in aid of the vote, Sanitary Department-Other Charges, Plague, for the following items:--
Compensation for damages by disinfection, .........$1,000 Plague corpses, cost of burial,..
Total,.....
2,000
$3,000
Government House, Hongkong, 14th June, 1906.
No. 2325 of 1906, C.S.0.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and seventy Dollars ($170) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, B.- Magistracy-Other Charges, Bonus to Mr. T. A. HANMER.
Government House, Hongkong, 18th June, 1906.
No. 3182 of 1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand seven hundred Dollars ($5,700) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Build- ings-Post Office, Kowloon.
Government House, Hongkong, 16th June, 1906.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 14th June, 1906, and moved its adoption.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
The Attorney General addressed the Council, and moved the following resolutions :-
"1. Resolved that the Resolution regarding the running of Workmen's Cars by the Hongkong Tramway Electric Company, Limited, passed by the Legislative Council on the 15th September 1904 be rescinded as from to-day.
2. Resolved that until further notice the Hongkong Tramway Electric Company, Limited, shall provide the following number of cars every morning and evening, at such hours not being later than 7 a.m. nor earlier than 5.30 p.m. as the Company shall think most convenient, for artisans, mechanics and daily labourers, at fares not exceeding 2 cents for the single journey and 3 cents for the return journey:
Morning.
From Kennedy Town to Arsenal Street,
...2 Cars.
4 Cars.
From North Point to the junction of Wing Lok Street
and Connaught Road,
Evening.
From Arsenal Street to Kennedy Town,
..2° Cars.
...4 Cars."
From the junction of Wing Lok Street and Connaught
Road to North Point,
The Registrar General addressed the Council, and seconded the motion. His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
The motion was carried unanimously.
PROSPECTING AND MINING BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to empower the Governor to grant licences to search for and prove minerals and to grant licences and leases of land for the purpose of working mines and minerals.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council. Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
NAVAL AND MILITARY WORKS BILL.-The Attorney General addressed the Council, and moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to authorize the construc- tion and maintenance of certain Naval and Military Works upon and over certain portions of the Crown foreshore and sea bed situate upon the Harbour frontage of the City of Victoria, in this Colony.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and Bill reported without any material amendment.
DENTISTS REGISTRATION BILL.-The Attorney General moved that the Bill be referred back to the Law Committee.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
ASYLUMS BILL.-The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to provide for the establishment of Asylums for the Detention, Custody and Care of persons of unsound mind, and others.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned until Thursday, the 28th June, 1906.
人
Read and confirmed this 28th day of June, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
M. NATHAN,
Governor.
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. S.
THURSDAY, 28TH JUNE, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
""
""
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
"".
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
11
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
""
""
Mr. EDWARD Osborne.
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
""
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
""
ABSENT:
"
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
The Council met pursuant to adjournment.
·
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 21st June, 1906, were read and con firmed.
PAPER.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following paper:—
•
Report on Refuse Destructors by Mr. T. L. PERKINS.
FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 42 and 43), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee:—
No. 4696 of 1906, C.S.0.
No. 7355 of
1905,
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred Dollars ($100) in aid of the vote, Police and Prison Departments, Prison--Other Charges, Executioners' Fee, and for Inflicting Corporal Punishment.
Government House, Hongkong, 22nd June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and Extension. eighteen Dollars and thirty Cents ($418.30) in aid of the votė, Judicial and Legal
Departments, B.-Magistracy-Other Charges, New Territories, Weights:
Government House, Hongkong, 23rd June, 1906.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 21st June, 1906, and moved its adoption.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
REPORT OF THE LAW COMMITTEE.-The Attorney General, by command of His Ex- cellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Law Committee, dated the 22nd June, 1906, addressed the Council; and moved its adoption.
Dr. Ho KAI addressed the Council, and seconded the motion.
Mr. HEWETT addressed the Council.
After some discussion the motion was carried.
REPORT OF THE PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE.-The Director. of Public Works, by com- mand of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Public Works Committee, dated the 21st June, 1906.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
•
PROSPECTING AND MINING BILL.-The Attorney General addressed the Council, and moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to empower the Governor to grant licences to search for and prove minerals and to grant licences and leases of land for the purpose of working mines and minerals.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
The Attorney General moved that the Council resolve itself into a Committee of the whole Council on the Bill.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and Bill reported without amendment.
The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
DENTISTS REGISTRATION BILL.-The Attorney General moved that the Order of the Day for the consideration of the Bill in Committee be discharged.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
NAVAL AND MILITARY WORKS BILL.-The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to authorize the construction and maintenance of certain Naval and Military Works upon and over certain portions of the Crown foreshore and sea bed situate upon the Harbour frontage of the City of Victoria, in this Colony.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned until after the meeting of the Finance Committee, and on the Council resuming, the Colonial Secretary reported that Financial Minutes Nos. 42 and 43 had been considered by the Finance Committee and that the recom- mendations had been approved.
入
:
:
REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 28th June, 1906, and moved its adoption.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned until Thursday, the 6th September, 1906.
Read and confirmed, this 6th day of September, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
M. NATHAN,
Governor.
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 9.
THURSDAY, 6TH SEPTEMBER, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir. MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
The Honourable the Officer Commanding the Troops, (Colonel CHARLES HENRY DARLING,
R.E.).
the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE. SMITH).
""
21
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY Spencer BERKELEY, Kt., K.C.).
9"
""
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS JOSEPH BADELEY).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK,
""
19
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
""
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
"1
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON,
>>
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
The Council met pursuant to adjournment.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 28th June, 1906, were read and con- firmed.
NEW MEMBERS.-Colonel CHARLES HENRY DARLING and Mr. FRANCIS JOSEPH BADELEY took the Oath and assumed their seats as Members of the Council.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
PAPERS. The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers :-
Report of the Director of Public Works, for the year 1905.
Report on the Assessment for the year 1906-1907..
FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 44 to 64), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee:---
No. 6004 of 1904, C.S.0.
No. 4932 of 1906, C.S.0.
No. 3192 of 1962, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and seventy Dollars ($170) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments, B.-Hospitals and Asylums, Infectious Hospitals-Other Charges, Hospital Hulk Hygeia :-Shifting, towing and mooring Hygeia.
Government House, Hongkong, 28th June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred Dollars ($100) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments, B.-Hospitals aud Asylums, Lunatic Asylums-Other Charges, Incidental Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 28th June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Nine hundred Dollars ($900) in aid of the vote, Education, B.-Queen's College-Other Charges, Allow- ance to Mr. R. E. O. BIRD, Senior Assistant English Master, who has passed the examination in Cantonese, Colloquial and Written.
Government House, Hongkong, 2nd July, 1906.
A
!
No. 238 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 1739 of 1906. C.S.O.,
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Eight thousand Dollars ($8,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Public Health and Build- ings Ordinance, 1903-31.- Compensation.
Government House, Hongkong, 7th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Fifty Dollars ($50) in Confidential aid of the vote, Treasury, A.-Treasurer's Office, New Territory-Other Charges,.
Gratuity to Police Sergeant GERRARD for examining accounts:
No. 5235 of 1906, C.Q.D.
No. 5333 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 5612 of 1906, C.S.O..
No. 5704 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 5592 of 1905, C.5.0.
No. 1624 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 4666 of
1904, C.S.O.
Government House, Hongkong, 13th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand Dollars ($2,000) in aid of the vote, Education, A.-Department of Inspector of Schools— Other Charges, Evening Continuation Classes.
Government House, Hongkong, 16th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twenty-five thousand Dollars ($25,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Communica- tions:-15. Railway to Canton,-Survey and Preliminary Work.
Government House, Hongkong, 12th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three hundred Dollars ($300) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, A.-Supreme Court, Other Charges, Fees to Counsel for Prisoners in Capital Cases.
Government House, Hongkong, 21st July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand Dollars ($2,000) in aid of the vote, Miscellaneous Services, Printing and Binding Blue Book, &c., &c.
Government House, Hongkong, 24th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two hundred and fifty Dollars ($250) in aid of the vote, Public Works Recurrent, Communications, 8.-Maintenance of Telegraphs.
Government House, Hongkong, 27th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two hundred and fifty Dollars ($250) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, D.-Land Registry Office-Other Charges for New Territories, Incidental Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 27th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two hundred and eighty Dollars ($280) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Green Island Light Improvement.
Government House, Hongkong, 2nd August, 1906.
1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
No. 5985 of The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand and twenty-four Dollars ($5,024) in aid of the vote, Sanitary Department-Other Charges, Scavenging City, Villages and Hill District.
1906, C.S.O.
Government House, Hongkong, 3rd August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
No. 4658 of The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand and seventy-three Dollars ($1,073) in aid of the vote, Harbour Master's Department— Other Charges, Fittings for New Office.
No. 6424 of 1906, C.S.0.
No. 7290 of
1905,
Government House, Hongkong, 8th August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and twenty-five Dollars ($125) in aid of the vote, Post Office, A.-Hongkong Post Office Other Charges, Coals, Stores, &c., for Steam Launch.
Government House, Hongkong, 17th August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Fifty Dollars ($50) in Extension. aid of the vote, Education, Ping Shan (New Territories) Anglo-Chinese School-
Other Charges for the following items :---
Furniture,.
Incidental Expenses,
Total,
$ 25
25
..$ 50
+
No. 5487 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 2831 of 1906, C.S.U.
No. 4309 of 1906, C.S.O.
Government House, Hongkong, 18th August, 1906.
M. NATHAN,
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand and sixty-seven Dollars and fifty Cents ($2,067.50) in aid of the vote, Public Works, Extraordinary,-Filling in Pool on Crown Land, Kowloon.
Government House, Hongkong, 23rd August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand and nine Dollars and seventy-four Cents ($2,009.74) in aid of the vote, Public Works, Extraordinary, Repairs to Gap Rock Cable.
Government House, Hongkong, 28th August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand five hundred Dollars ($3,500) in aid of the vote, Police and Prison Departments, A.- Police Other Charges, for the following items :—
Coal, Oil, &c., for Launches, Repairs of Launches & Boats,
Total,
1
Government House, Hongkong, 28th August, 1906.
..$2,000
1,500
$3,500
·
NO. 1330 of
· 1901, C.8.0.
No. 3079 of 1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five hundred and forty Dollars ($540) in aid of the vote, Police and Prison Departments, A.-Police-Other Charges, for the following items :-
....
Language Allowance to Captain Superintendent, $450 Teacher Allowance to Captain Superintendent,
Total,
Government House, Hongkong, 30th August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
90
.$540
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and fifty Dollars ($150) in aid of the vote, Colonial Secretary's Department and Legislature- Other Charges, Incidental Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 3rd September, 1906.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the Code of Civil Procedure.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
LUNACY (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the Lunacy Ordinance, 1906.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to,
Bill read a first time.
MERCHANT SHIPPING (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first. reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance further to amend the Merchant Shipping Ordinance, 1899, and for other purposes.
The Harbour Master sconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
NEW TERRITORIES LAND (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the New Territories Land Ordinance, 1905.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
PRAYA RECLAMATION FUND TRANSFER BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to transfer to the General Revenue certain sums forming part of the Praya Reclamation Fund.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
REGULATION OF CHINESE (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the • first reading of a Bill entitled Au Ordinance to amend the Regulation of Chinese Ordinance, 1888.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned until Thursday, the 13th September, 1906.
Read and confirmed this 13th day of September, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
M. NATHAN,
Governor.
瓜
*
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 10.
THURSDAY, 13TH SEPTEMBER, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
:
The Honourable the Officer Commanding the Troops, (Colonel CHARLES HENRY DARLING,
R.E.).
* * * * *
the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.). the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS JOSEPH BADELEY).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G..
>>
Mr. WEI YUK.
""
Mr. EDWARD Osborne,
>>
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
17
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
"}
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
The Council met pursuant to adjournment.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 6th September, 1906, were read and con firmed.
REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 6th September, 1906, and moved its adoption.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
PAPERS.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following papers :-
Draft Estimates, for the year 1907.-
Abstract showing differences between the Estimates of Expenditure for 1906 and
1907.
Financial Statements in connection with Estimates for 1907.
Details of Contents of Reservoirs, etc., arranged according to the rain-year 1905-
1906.
APPROPRIATION BILL.-The Colonial Secretary moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to apply a sum not exceeding Five million two hundred and two thousand one hundred and thirty-five Dollars to the Public Service of the
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council. Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
year 1907.
PREPARED OPIUM (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first read- ing of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend The Prepared Opium Ordinance, 1891.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
,
CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General addressed the Council and moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the Code of Civil Procedure.
The Colonial Secretary addressed the Council and seconded the motion.
Mr. HEWETT addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
The Attorney General moved that the Bill be referred to the Standing Law Committee. The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to..
LUNACY (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the Lunacy Ordinance, 1906.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
*
The Attorney General moved that the Council resolve itself into a Committee of the whole Council on the Bill.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and Bill reported without amendment.
MERCHANT SHIPPING (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance further to amend the Merchant Shipping Ordi- nance, 1899, and for other purposes.
The Harbour Master addressed the Council and seconded the motion.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
The Attorney General moved that the Council resolve itself into a Committee of the whole Council on the Bill.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and progress reported.
NEW TERRITORIES LAND (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the New Territories Land Ordi- nance, 1905.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
3
Bill read a second time.
The Attorney General moved that the Council resolve itself into a Committee of the whole Council on the Bill.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and Bill reported without amendment.
PRAYA RECLAMATION FUND TRANSFER BILL.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to transfer to the General Revenue certain sums forming part of the Praya Reclamation Fund.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
The Attorney General moved that the Council resolve itself into a Committee of the whole Council on the Bill.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and Bill reported without amendment.
REGULATION OF CHINESE (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the Regulation of Chinese Ordi- nance, 1888.
•
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
The Attorney General moved that the Council resolve itself into a Committee of the whole Council on the Bill.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and Bill reported without amendment.
ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned until Thursday, the 20th September, 1906.
Read and confirmed, this 20th day of September, 1906.
M. NATHAN,
Governor.
A. G. M. FLEtcher,
Clerk of Councils.
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 11.
THURSDAY, 20TH SEPTEMBER, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
The Honourable the Officer Commanding the Troops, (Colonel CHARLES HENRY DARLING,'
R.E.).
the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt., K.C.).
91
""
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
יי
""
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
21
the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS JOSEPH BADELEY).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
"
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
""
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
•
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
The Council met pursuant to adjournment.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 13th September, 1906, were read and confirmed.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council with reference to the typhoon of the 18th September, 1906, proposed relief measures, and read various telegrams of sym- pathy.
1906.
Dr. Ho KAI addressed the Council.
Mr. HEWETT addressed the Council.
ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned until Thursday, the 27th September,
Read and confirmed this 27th day of September, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
M. NATHAN,
Governor.
T
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 12.
THURSDAY, 27TH SEPTEMBER, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
The Honourable the Officer Commanding the Troops, (Colonel CHARLES HENRY Darling,
R.E.).
the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
77
77
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
27
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
45
""
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS Joseph Badeley). Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
ABSENT:
The Honourable the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAW RENCE
R.N.).
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
""
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
""
The Council met pursuant to adjournment.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 20th September, 1906, were read and con- firmed.
FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 65 to 72), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee:-
No. 7152 of 1906, C.S.0.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four thousand four hundred Dollars ($4,400) in aid of the vote, Sanitary Department-Other Charges, for the following items :-
Cemetery Incidental Expenses,
Cemetery Expenses-Disinterment of Dead Bodies, Plague Corpses-Cost of Burial,
Total,.....
$1,500
900
2,000
.$4,400
No. 7107 of 1906, C.C.D.
Government House, Hongkong, 12th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand one hundred and seventy Dollars ($1,170) in aid of the vote, Post Office, B.-Postal Agencies in China, Tientsin-Other Charges, for the following items:-
:
Fittings,
Incidental Expenses,
Rent,
Uniforms for Postmen,
Total,
Government House, Hongkong, 13th September, 1906.
.$1,000
50
60
60
$1,170
-
No. 5936 of 1905, C.S.O.
Nó. "186 of 1906, C.S O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand one hundred Dollars ($1,100) in aid of the vote, Observatory-Other Charges, Printing and distribution of Meteorological Register.
Government House, Hongkong, 18th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twenty thousand Dollars ($20,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Typhoon Damages.
Government House, Hongkong, 19th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Ten thousand Dollars in aid of the vote, Miscellaneous Services, for the following items→
Other Miscellaneous Services,
Refunds of Revenue,
$ 3,000
7,000
$10,000
No. 5612 of 1906, C.S.O.
No, €826 of 1905, C.S.O.
•
No. 7186 of 1906, C.S.0.
Government House, Hongkong, 19th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two hundred and fifty Dollars ($250) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, A.-Supreme Court-Other Charges, Electric Lighting and Fans.
Government House, Hongkong, 24th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and twenty-three Dollars and forty-seven Cents ($123.47) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Buildings :-Post Office, Kowloon.
Government House, Hongkong, 25th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Forty Dollars ($40) in aid of the vote, Miscellaneous Services, Travelling Allowances in the New Terri- tory.
Government House, Hongkong, 25th September, 1906.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
TRADE MARKS BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to consolidate and amend the Law relating to Trade Marks.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
CRIMINAL EVIDENCE BILL.-The Attorney General moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the Law of Evidence.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
:
APPROPRIATION BILL.-The Colonial Secretary moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to apply a sum not exceeding Five million two hundred and two thousand one hundred and thirty-five Dollars to the Public Service of the year 1907.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Various Members addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
The Colonial Secretary moved that the Bill be referred to the Finance Committee. The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
PREPAREĎ OPIUM (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend The Prepared Opium Ordinance, 1891.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed and Bill reported with one amendment.
LUNACY (AMENDMENT) BILL. The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the Lunacy Ordinance, 1906.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that, this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
NEW TERRITORIES LAND (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the New Territories Land Ordi- nance, 1905.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
PRAYA RECLAMATION FUND TRANSFER BILL.-The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to transfer to the General Revenue certain sums forming part of the Praya Reclamation Fund.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
REGULATION OF CHINESE (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the third reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the Regulation of Chinese Ordinance, 1888.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
ADJOURNMENT.The Council then adjourned till after the meeting of the Finance
Committee.
APPROPRIATION BILL.-On Council resuming, the Colonial Secretary reported that the Appropriation Bill was considered clause by clause in the presence of the members of the Standing Committee and that in the opinion of the Finance Committee the Bill might be dealt with in the same manner as a Bill reported on by a Committee of the whole Council.
The Colonial Secretary moved that the Bill be read a third time.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE. The Colonial Secretary, by command of His. Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 27th September, 1906, and moved its adoption.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
ADJOURNMENT.—The Council then adjourned until Thursday, the 11th October, 1906.
Read and confirmed, this 11th day of October, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
M. NATHAN,
Governor
!
.
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 13.
THURSDAY, 11TH OCTOBER, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
The Honourable the Officer Commanding the Troops, (Colonel CHARLES HENRY DARLING,
❤
R.E.).
the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY Spencer BERKELEY, Kt., K.C.).
"1
""
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
""
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
""
35
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN),
the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS JOSEPH BADELEY), Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
"
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
The Council met pursuant to adjournment.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 27th September, 1906, were read and confirmed.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council regarding the death of the late Harbour Master the Honourable Captain BARNES Lawrence.
COMMITTEES.-His Excellency the Governor, in accordance with the Standing Order No. 47, appointed the following Committees :-
Finance Committee.-All the Members of the Council, except the Governor, with
the Colonial Secretary as Chairman.
Law Committee.-The Honourable the Attorney General (Chairman), the Hon- ourables the Captain Superintendent of Police, Dr. HO KAI, Mr. WEI YUK, and Mr. H. E. POLLOCK, K.C.
Public Works Committee.-The Honourable the Director of Public Works (Chair- man), the Honourables the Colonial Treasurer, Mr. E. OSBORNE, Mr. E. A. HEWETT, and Mr. W. J. GRESSON.
FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 73 to 77), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee :--
No. 7416 of 1906, C.S.U.
III in.
No. 7416 of
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand two hundred Dollars ($1,200) in aid of the vote, Botanical and Forestry Department- Other Charges, Repairs of Typhoon Damages.
Government House, Hongkong, 28th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Forty-nine thousand 1905, 0.9.0. Dollars ($49,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Typhoon
Damages.
Government House, Hongkong, 8th October, 1906.
I in
No. 7416 of
1906, C.S.O.
VIII in
No. 7416 of
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand Dollars ($5,000) in aid of the vote, Police and Prison Departments, A.-Police-Other Charges, Repairs of Typhoon Damages.
Government House, Hongkong, 9th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand eight 1906, C.S.O. hundred and forty-six Dollars ($5,846) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments-
Other Charges, for the following items :-
A.-Staff:
Health Officer of Port, Repairs of Steam Launch
"Sybil ",
B.-Hospitals and Asylums.
$973
Hospital Hulk "Hygeia"-Repairs of "
Repairs of "Hygeia”,.. 4,873
Infectious Hospitals.
Total,
$5,846
No. 3326 of 190, C.S.O.
Government House, Hongkong, 10th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred Dollars ($100) in aid of the vote, Charitable Allowances, Society of St. Vincent de Paul.
Government House, Hongkong, 11th October, 1906.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
CRIMINAL EVIDENCE BILL.-The Attorney General addressed the Council and moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the Law of Evidence in Cri minal Cases.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
The Attorney General moved that the Council resolve itself into a Committee of the whole Council on the Bill.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and Bill reported without amendment.
The Attorney General moved that the Bill be read a third time.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
MERCHANT SHIPPING (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved that the Bill entitled An Ordinance further to amend the Merchant Shipping Ordinance, 1899, and for other purposes, be postponed for further consideration.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
PREPARED OPIUM AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Attorney General moved the third read- ing of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend The Prepared Opium Ordinance, 1891.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned till after the meeting of the Finance
Committee.
REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-On Council resuming, the Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 11th October, 1906, and moved its adoption.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned until Thursday, the 25th October, 1906.
Y
Read and confirmed this 25th day of October, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
.
M. NATHAN, Governor.
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 14.
·
THURSDAY, 25TH OCTOBER, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
The Honourable the Officer Commanding the Troops, (Colonel CHARLES HENRY DARLING,
"}
R.E.).
the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH).
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS Joseph Badeley). Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
""
""
Mr. WEI YUK.
>>
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
""
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
27
ABSENT:
The Honourable the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt., K.C.).
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
The Council met pursuant to adjournment.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 11th October, 1906, were read and confirmed.
PAPERS.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following paper:—
Report by the Examiners of Queen's College.
FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 78 to 83), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee:-
Vin
No. 7416 of
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand nine 1906, C... hundred and forty-two Dollars ($1,942) in aid of the vote, Harbour Master's Depart-
ment, for the following items :-
A.
Harbour Office.
Other Charges.
New Boats,
.S 720
G.-Lighthouses,
Gap Rock Lighthouse.
Other Charges.
Gunpowder Charges and Tubes for Fog
Signalling Guns,
Total,
•1,222
.$1,942
II in
No. 7416 ot
Government House, Hongkong, 12th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and ten 1906, C.S.O. Dollars ($110) in aid of the vote, Sanitary Department-Other Charges, Typhoon
Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 12th October, 1906.
:
No. 7616 of 1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and thirteen Dollars ($113) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, B.— Magistracy-Other Charges, for the following items:--
Advertising Meetings of Justices of the Peace,
.$ 50
New Territory.
Incidental Expenses,
Total,
63
.$113
VIII in
No. 7416 of
Government House, Hongkong, 12th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and 1906, C.S.U. fifty Dollars ($450) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments, Typhoon Expenses,—
Hire of Launch for Health Officer of Port.
No. 2694 of 1906, C.5.0.,
Government House, Hongkong, 19th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Fourteen thousand Lonfidential Dollars ($14,000) in aid of the vote, Miscellaneous Services, Public Health and
Buildings Ordinance Commission.
II in
No. 7416 of
Government House, Hongkong, 20th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six thousand Dollars 1906, C.S.U. ($6,000) in aid of the vote, Sanitary Department, Typhoon Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 22nd October, 1906.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
*
CHINESE CEMETERIES.-The Colonial Secretary laid on the table the following Addi- tional Bye-law made by the Sanitary Board on the 2nd October, 1906, under Section 16 of the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance, 1903, and moved that it be approved by the Council:-
"19.—The areas of the grave spaces in the various sections shall not exceed the follow-
ing dimensions:-
Section A 7 feet long by 24 feet wide with 18 inches interspaces.
Section B 7 feet 6 inches long by 23 feet wide with 18 inches interspaces.
Section C 8 feet long by 3 feet wide with 18 inches interspaces.
Section D 10 feet long by 8 feet wide with 18 inches interspaces. Section E 10 feet long by 8 feet wide with 18 inches interspaces."
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
WORKMEN'S TRAMS.-Consideration of the following Resolution was postponed:-
"Resolved that the Resolutions regarding the running of Workmen's Cars by the Hongkong Tramway Electric Company, Limited, passed by the Legislative Council on the 21st day of June 1906 be rescinded as from to-day."
WIDOWS' AND ORPHANS' PENSION FUND (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Colonial Treasurer moved the first reading of a Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the Widows' and Orphans' Pension Fund Ordinance, 1900.
The Colonial Secretary seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a first time.
TRADE MARKS BILL. The Colonial Secretary moved that the Bill entitled An Ordin- ance to consolidate and amend the Law relating to Trade Marks, be withdrawn from the "Orders of the Day."
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
**
MERCHANT SHIPPING (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Colonial Secretary moved that the Bill entitled An Ordinance further to amend the Merchant Shipping Ordinance, 1899, be recommitted to a Committee of the whole Council.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and Bill reported with minor amendments.
The Colonial Secretary moved that the Bill be read a third time.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
ADJOURNMENT.-The Council then adjourned until Thursday, the 1st November, 1906.
Read and confirmed, this 1st day of November, 1906.
M. NATHAN,
Governor.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
Y
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, No. 15.
THURSDAY, 1ST NOVEMBER, 1906.
PRESENT:
HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR
(Sir MATTHEW NATHAN, K.C.M.G.).
The Honourable the Officer Commanding the Troops, (Colonel CHARLES HENRY DARLING,
""
35
*
?"
""
R.E.).
the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH),
the Attorney General, (HENRY HESSY JOHNSTON GOMPERTZ).
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON). the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS JOSEph Badeley). Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
""
Mr. WEI YUK.
77
""
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
""
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
">
ABSENT:
E
The Honourable Mr. Edward Osborne.
The Council met pursuant to adjournment.
The Minutes of the last Meeting, held on the 25th October, 1906, were read and confirmed.
NEW MEMBER.--Mr. HENRY HESSY JOHNSTON GOMPERTZ took the Oath and assumed his seat as a Member of the Council.
FINANCIAL MINUTES.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the following Financial Minutes, (Nos. 84 to 90), and moved that they be referred to the Finance Committee :-
IV in
No. 7416 of
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand two 19.6. C.S.O. hundred Dollars ($1,200) in aid of the vote, Botanical and Forestry Department-
Other Charges, Repairs of Typhoon Damages.
No. 7608 of
1906, 0.5.0.
I in No. 7416 of
Government House, Hongkong, 25th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and eighty Dollars ($180) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, Land Office, New Territories-Other Charges, Typhoon Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 26th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand Dollars 1:06, C.S.O. ($1,000) in aid of the vote, Police and Prison Departments, A.-Police-Other
Charges, Repairs of Typhoon Damages.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st October, 1906.
No. 4344 of 1906, C.S.0.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and eighty Dollars ($480) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments-Other Charges, for the following items :--
B.-Hospitals and Asylums.
Civil Hospital.
Light and Fuel,.
Victoria Hospital for Women and Children. Washing,
Total,
$300
180
$480
A
No. 5333 of 1906, C.S.U.
No. 7186 of 1906, 0.5.0.
No. 7639 of
19.6, C.S O.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Fifteen thousand Dollars ($15,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Communica- tions:-15.- Railway to Canton,-Survey and Preliminary Work.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand Dollars ($1,000) in aid of the vote, Miscellaneous Services-Refunds of Revenue.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and seventy-five Dollars ($175) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, D.-Land Registry Office, for New Territories-Other Charges, Rewards for Services in the Typhoon.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st October, 1906.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council.
Question-put and agreed to.
REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-The Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 25th October, 1906, and moved its adoption.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
REPORT OF THE PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE.-The Director of Public Works, by com- mand of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Public Works Committee, dated the 25th October, 1906. .
WORKMEN'S TRAMS.-The Colonial Secretary addressed the Council and moved that consideration of the following Resolution be postponed sine die :-
"Resolved that the Resolutions regarding the running of Workmen's Cars by the Hongkong Tramway Electric Company, Limited, passed by the Legislative Council on the 21st day of June 1906 be rescin·led as from to-day.'
The Attorney General seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
77
QUESTIONS.—Mr. POLLOCK, K.C., pursuant to notice, asked the following questions:-
1. (a). When does the Government intend to commence work on the construction of a
new Harbour of Refuge?
(b). Will the Government state the respective situations areas and estimated cost of construction of the various new Harbours of Refuge which have been suggested at different times?
2. (a). Will the Government state what is the area of the present Harbour of Refuge
at Causeway Bay?
(b). Has the Government obtained any, and, if so, what Estimates with reference to the dredging and deepening of the shallow portions of such Harbour of Refuge?
The Director of Public Works replied.
Some discussion then ensued.
WIDOWS' AND ORPHANS' PENSION FUND (AMENDMENT) BILL.-The Colonial Treasured moved the second reading of the Bill entitled An Ordinance to amend the Widows' and Orphans' Pension Fund Ordinance, 1900.
The Colonial Secretary seconded. Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a second time.
Council in Committee on the Bill.
Council resumed, and Bill report
without amendment.
The Colonial Secretary moved that the Bill be read a third time.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
Bill read a third time.
•Question put-that this Bill do pass.
Bill passed.
ADJOURNMENT.--The Council then adjourned till after the meeting of the Finance.
-Committee.
REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.-On Council resuming, the Colonial Secretary, by command of His Excellency the Governor, laid on the table the Report of the Finance Committee, dated the 1st November, 1906, and moved its adoption.
The Colonial Treasurer seconded.
Question-put and agreed to.
His Excellency the Governor addressed the Council with reference to the Observatory Inquiry
ADJOURNMENT.--The Council then adjourned sine die.
Governor.
Read and confirmed this
day of
1906.
(lerk of Councils.
Y
No. 1.
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
FINANCE COMMITTEE,
AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG, On the 22nd February, 1906.
PRESENT:
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
91
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MacDonald THOMSON).
""
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
""
Mr. GERSHOM STEWART.
99
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
""
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. ROBert Gordon SHEWAN.
Mr. CHARLES WEDDERBURN DICKSON,
The Committee met pursuant to summons.
Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :-
No. 9662 of 1905, C.O.D.
eous.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Eight thousand Dollars Miscellau- ($8,000) to meet expenditure incurred by the Treasurer of the Reception Com- mittee, and for illuminating the public buildings in connection with the visit to this Colony of H.R.H. Prince Arthur of Connaught.
No. 127 of 1906, C.S.U.
No. 940 of 1903, C.S.O.
Government House, Hongkong, 5th January, 1906.
M. NATHAN,
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six hundred and eighty-one Dollars and sixty Cents ($681.60) in aid of the vote Miscellaneous Services, Telegraph Service-Contribution in connection with Signalling Vessels and Messages to Observatory.
Government House, Hongkong, 9th January, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand two · hundred and fifty Dollars ($5,250) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Rifle Range at the Peak.
Government House, Hongkong, 15th January, 1906.
.*
No. 532 of 1906, C.S.0.
M. NATHAN,
The Governor recommends the Council to revote a sum of Sixty-five thousand two hundred and one Dollars and fourteen Cents ($65,201.14) and to vote a sum of Six thousand and twenty Dollars ($6,020) in aid of the vote-Public Works Extraordinary, for the following items:-
Bacteriological Institute,
....
Government Civil Hospital-Extension of Staff
.$2,844.94
Quarters,
3,000.00
Gunpowder Depôt, Green Island,
.14,389.56
Harbour Office,...........
6,926.53
Post Office, Shanghai,
.15,000.00
School, Yaumati,
1,382.00
Tai Po, Quarters for Officers,
5,086.00
Volunteer Headquarters (Contribution ),...
24.56
Miscellaneous Drainage Works,
326.85
Kowloon Roads,
5,600.00
Green Island Light Improvement,
88.02
Kowloon-Canton Railway-Survey and Prelimi-
nary work,.
10,532.68
$65,201.14
Bacteriological Institute,
1,920.00
Gunpowder Depôt, Green Island,
300.00
Green Island Light Improvement,
1,800.00
Compensation to Lessees of Quarries D. 16 & D.
17, Lyemun,
2,000.00
-$6,020.00
No. 167 of 1906, C.S.O.
Government House, Hongkong, 29th January, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand and forty Dollars ($3,040) in aid of the vote Judicial and Legal Departments for the following items :---
Magistracy, New Territories, Other Charges, Furnishing of the
New Tai Po Quarters,..
$1,520
Land Registry Office, New Territories, Other Charges, Furni-
shing of the New Tai Po Quarters,
1,520
Total,
$3,040
Government House, Hongkong, 6th February, 1906.
No. 6673 of
1904, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Sixty Dollars ($60) in Extension. aid of the vote, Medical Department-Other Charges, B.-Hospitals and Asylums,
New Territory, Rent of Temporary Dispensary at Tai Po.
Government House, Hongkong, 9th February, 1906.
The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.
The Committee then adjourned sine die.
Laid before the Legislative Council and adopted on the 17th May, 1906.
A. G. M. FLEtcher,
Clerk of Council »,
T. SERCOMBE SMITH,
Chairman.
No. 2.
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
FINANCE COMMITTEE,
AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG, On the 17th May, 1906.
PRESENT:
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.
""
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
**
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
"T
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
19
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
"
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
Mr. CHARLES WEDDERBURN DICKSON.
""
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
93
Mr. EDWARD Osborne.
""
Mr. EDBERT ANSGER HEWETT.
37
The Committee met pursuant to summons.
Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :-
No. 1316 of 1906, C.S.0.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Dollars ($3,000) in aid of the vote, Harbour Master's Department, G.-Lighthouses, for the following items:--
Gap Rock Lighthouse, Other Charges.
Gunpowder Charges and Tubes for Fog Signalling Guns,...$1,000
Waglan Island Lighthouse, Other Charges.
Gunpowder Charges and Tubes for Fog Signalling Guns,... 2,000
Total,
$3,000
No. 9210 of 190%, C.O.D.
No. 5610 of
19.5, C.SO.
Government House, Hongkong, 23rd February, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five hundred Dollars ($500) in aid of the vote, Education, A.-Department of Inspector of Schools, Other Charges, Visual Instruction Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 23rd February, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Fifteen thousand two hundred Dollars ($15,200) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Communications, Metallic Circuits including New Route to North Point.
Government House, Hongkong, 1st March, 1906.
1
No. 4836 of 1905, Exten-
sion.
No. 1774 of 1906, U.S.O.
No. 1878 of
1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six hundred Dollars ($600) in aid of the vote Registrar General's Department-Other Charges, Language Allowance to Mr. C. CLEMENTI, Assistant Registrar General, who has passed the examination in the Pekingese Colloquial.
Government House, Hongkong, 5th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and twelve Dollars ($112) in aid of the vote, Post Office, Postal Agencies in China,- Other Charges, Hankow, Incidental Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 10th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand seven hundred and forty Dollars ($1,740) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments, for the following:-
Infectious Hospitals.
Hospital Hulk Hygeia
Personal Emoluments.
Temporary Staff, for 3 months,
$240
Other Charges.
Provisions, &c.,
1,500
Total,..
$1.740
No. 2185 of 1906, C.S.0.
No. 2114 of 1908, 0.5.0.
No. 1313 ot 1966, C.S.0.
Government House, Hongkong, 15th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Sixteen thousand Dol- lars ($16,000) in aid of the vote-Miscellaneous Services, Refunds of Revenue.
Government House, Hongkong, 23rd March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Seventy Dollars ($70) in aid of the vote, Post Office, B.-Postal Agencies in China-Other Charges, Shang- hai, Allowance for attendance on Sundays.
Government House, Hongkong, 24th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Dollars ($3,000) in aid of the vote, Harbour Master's Department, G.-Lighthouses, for the following items :-
Gap Rock Lighthouse, Other Charges.
Gunpowder Charges and Tubes for Fog Signalling Guns, ...$1,000
Waglan Island Lighthouse, Other Charges.
Gunpowder Charges and Tubes for Fog Signalling Guns,
Total,...
2,000
$3,000.
No. 1624 of 1908, C.S.0.
Government House, Hongkong, 27th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and eight Dollars ($408) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, D.-Land Registry Office-Other Charges, for New Territories, Conveyance and hire of Coolies.
Government House, Hongkong, 27th March, 1906.
No. 710 of 1903.
M. NATHAN.*
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and fifty Extension. Dollars and sixty-six Cents ($450.66) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extra-
ordinary, Resumption of Land for the Sai U Shek Cemetery, near Kowloon City.
No. 2240 of 1908, C.S.O.
No. 9362 of 19-5.C.O.D.
Mis-
Government House, Hongkong, 28th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Forty-two thousand Dollars ($42,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, 19, Forming and Kerbing Streets.
Government House, Hongkong, 29th March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a further sum of Four thousand as four hundred and fifty-five Dollars and fifty-nine Cents ($4,455.59) in aid of the
vote, Miscellaneous Services, Connaught Reception.
-cellaneous.
No. 7345 of
1905,
Government House, Hongkong, 31st March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and Extension. twenty Dollars ($120) in aid of the vote, Treasury, A.-Treasurer's Office - Other
Charges, New Territory, Conveyance Allowance to Clerk and Shroff.
No. 3470 of 1905, C.O.D.
No 2:91 of 1956, 0.5.0.
No. 2992 of 1906, C.S.0.
No. 586 of 1905, C.-.0.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st March, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
་
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand eight hundred taels (taels 1,800) in aid of the vote, Post Office, B.-Postal Agencies in China, Other Charges, Shanghai, Rent of the British Post Office Extension site from 1st July, 1905, to 31st December, 1906.
Government House, Hongkong, 10th April, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three hundred and fifty thousand Dollars ($350,000) in aid of the vote Public Works Extraordinary, Kowloon- Canton Railway.
Government House, Hongkong, 25th April, 1903.
M NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six hundred and eight- five Dollars ($685) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, A.-Supreme Court, Other Charges, Safe for Original Wills.
Government House, Hongkong, 2nd May, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three hundred and seventy-two Dollars and thirty Cents ($372.30) in aid of the vote, Medical Depart- ments-Other Charges, 4.-Staff, Health Officer of Port, Repairs to Launch.
Government House, Hongkong, 5th May, 1906.
No. 3271 of 1904, C.O.D.
No. 3470 of 1905, C.O.D.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to revote a sum of One hundred and seventy-two Dollars and eighty Cents ($172.80 @ 2s. 1d.= £18) in aid of the vote, Military Expenditure, B.-Volunteers Other Charges, Contribution towards Ser- geant Major's Army Pension.
Government House, Hongkong, 5th May, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and fifty Dollars ($450) in aid of the vote, Post Office, B.-Postal Agencies in China-Other Charges, Shanghai, Rates and Taxes.
Government House, Hongkong, 5th May, 1906.
The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed. The Committee then adjourned sine die.
Laid before the Legislative Council and adopted on the 31st May, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER, Clerk of Councils.
T. SERCOMBE SMITH,
Chairman.
국
No. 3.
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
FINANCE COMMITTEE,
AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG, On the 31st May, 1906.
PRESENT:
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
""
">
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
>>
";
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
""
Mr. WEI YUK.
*
3
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
The Committee met pursuant to summons.
.Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :→→
No. 343 of .1906, C.S.O.
No. 3059 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 6787 of 1905, C.S.O.
No. 2921 of 1905, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three hundred and fifty Dollars ($350) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Buildings, 12.-Quar- ters for Signalmen, Green Island.
Government House, Hongkong, 16th May, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand Dollars ($1,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Buildings, Re-arrangement of Outbuildings at the Supreme Court.
Government House, Hongkong, 19th May, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Seven thousand eight hundred Dollars ($7,800) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Buildings,
-Time Ball Tower on Blackhead's Hill, Kowloon.
Government House, Hongkong, 19th May, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twenty-eight thousand two hundred and seventy-five Dollars and thirty-six Cents ($28,275.36) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Miscellaneous, Re-construction of Government Piers.
Government House, Hongkong, 19th May, 1906.
No. 3483 of 1903, C.S.0.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two hundred and seventeen Dollars and eighty Cents ($217.80) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Buildings, 10. School, Yaumati.
:
Government House, Hongkong, 28th May, 1906.
No. 4499 of
1905, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred Dollars ($100) in aid of the vote, Education, Department of Inspector of Schools-Other Charges, Remuneration to Assistant Examiners of Grant Schools.
Government House, Hongkong, 28th May, 1906.
The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.
The Committee then adjourned sine die.
Laid before the Legislative Council and adopted on the 7th June, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
T. SERCOMBE SMITH,
Chairman.
#
•
=
No. 4.
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
FINANCE COMMITTEE,
AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG, On the 7th June, 1906.
PRESENT:
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
""
""
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
""
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
2
97
A
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
"
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
""
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
I, THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH, Colonial Secretary, Chairman of the Finance Committee, do hereby certify that the Committee on the 7th day of June, 1906, considered clause by clause a Bill entitled An Ordinance to authorize the Appropriation of a Supplementary Sum of Two hundred and seventy-eight thousand four hundred and twelve Dollars and eight Cents, to defray the Charges of the Year 1905, and unanimously recommended that the Bill in question be dealt with by the Council in the same manner as a Bill reported on by a Com- mittee of the whole Council.
Laid before the Legislative Council and adopted on the 14th June, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
T. SERCOMBE SMITH,
Chairman.
:
No. 5.
}
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
FINANCE COMMITTEE,
AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,
On the 14th June, 1906.
PRESENT:
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.
""
""
>>
25
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER Barnes-Lawrence,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
}
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
""
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GResson.
The Committee met pursuant to summons.
Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :—
No. 10169 of 1904, C.S.O.
No. 4309 of 1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to re-vote a sum of Two thousand one hundred and sixty-four Dollars ($2,164) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extra- ordinary, Buildings:-1. Government Civil Hospital-Extension to Staff Quarters.
Government House, Hongkong, 6th June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand Dollars ($1,000) in aid of the vote, Police and Prison Departments, A.-Police-Other Charges, for the following items :--
Meals for Prisoners in Cells, Secret Service,
Total,.
$400
600
.$1,000
No. 8023 of 1904, C.O.D.
:
Government House, Hongkong, 7th June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand three hundred and seventy-five Dollars and seventy-nine Cents ($3,375.79) in aid of the vote, Military Expenditure, B.-Volunteers-Other Charges, Rifles and Equipment.
Government House, Hongkong, 7th June, 1906.
No. 4344 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 4059 of 1906, C.O.D.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand six hundred Dollars ($1,600) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments, Other Charges, B.-Hospitals and Asylums, Civil Hospital: Washing.
Government House, Hongkong, 7th June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and seventy Dollars ($470) in aid of the vote, Post Office, A.-Hongkong Post Office, Other Charges, for the following items :-
Contingencies,
Rent of a floor,..
.$ 50
420
Total,.......... .$470
Government House, Hongkong, 9th June, 1906.
The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.
The Committee then adjourned sine die.
Laid before the Legislative Council and adopted on the 21st June, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
T. SERCOMBE SMITH,
Chairman.
}
:
No. 6.
C
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
FINANCE COMMITTEE,
AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,
On the 21st June, 1906.
PRESENT:
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.
""
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
""
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
};
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
""
Mr. WEI YUK.
11
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
"}
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
""
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
The Committee met pursuant to summons.
Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :—
No. 4365 of 1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand Dollars ($3,000) in aid of the vote, Sanitary Department-Other Charges, Plague, for the following items :--
Compensation for damages by disinfection,
Plague corpses, cost of burial,..
Total,...
$1,000
2,000
$3,000
No. 2325 of 1906, C.S.O.
Government House, Hongkong, 14th June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and seventy Dollars ($170) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, B.- Magistracy-Other Charges, Bonus to Mr. T. A. HANMER.
Government House, Hongkong, 18th June, 1906.
No. 3182 of 1900, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand seven hundred Dollars ($5,700) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Build- ings-Post Office, Kowloon.
Government House, Hongkong, 16th June, 1906.
The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.
The Committee then adjourned sine die.
Laid before the Legislative Council and adopted on the 28th June, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
J
T. SERCOMBE SMITH, Chairman.
No. 7.
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
FINANCE COMMITTEE,
AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,
On the 28th June, 1906.
PRESENT:
His Excellency the General Officer Commanding the Troops, (Major-General VILLIERS
HATTON, C.B.).
The Honourable the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.
15
29
";
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.).
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALd Thomson).
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
""
Mr. WEI YUK.
""
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
""
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
29
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
•
The Committee met pursuant to summons.
Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :-
No. 4696 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 7355 of
1905,
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred Dollars ($100) in aid of the vote, Police and Prison Departments, Prison-Other Charges, Executioners' Fee, and for Inflicting Corporal Punishment.
Government House, Hongkong, 22nd June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and Extension. eighteen Dollars and thirty Cents ($418.30) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal
Departments, B.-Magistracy-Other Charges, New Territories, Weights.
Government House, Hongkong, 23rd June, 1906.
The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.
The Committee then adjourned sine die.
Laid before the Legislative Council and adopted on the 28th June, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
T. SERCOMBE SMITH,
Chairman.
No. 8.
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
FINANCE COMMITTEE,
AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,
On the 6th Septembër, 1906.
PRESENT:
The Honourable the Officer Commanding the Troops, (Colonel CHARLES HENRY DARLING,
""
27
A
""
}}
R.E.).
the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt., K.C.).
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAWRENCE
R.N.).
the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS JOSEPHI BADELEY).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
Mr. EDWARD Osborne.
3
35
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
""
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
>>
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
The Committee met pursuant to summons.
Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :-
No. 6004 of 1901, C.S.O.
No. 4932 of 1906, C.S.0.
No. 3192 of 1302, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and seventy Dollars ($170) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments, B.-Hospitals and Asylums, Infectious Hospitals-Other Charges, Hospital Hulk Hygeia :-Shifting, towing and mooring Hygeia.
Government House, Hongkong, 28th June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred Dollars ($100) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments, B.-Hospitals and Asylums, Lunatie Asylums-Other Charges, Incidental Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 28th June, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Nine hundred Dollars ($900) in aid of the vote, Education, B.-Queen's College-Other Charges, Allow- ance to Mr. R. E. O. BIRD, Senior Assistant English Master, who has passed the examination in Cantonese, Colloquial and Written.
Government House, Hongkong, 2nd July, 1906.
+
No. 238 of IPOG, C.S.O.
No. 1739 of 1906. C.S.O.,
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Eight thousand Dollars ($8,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Public Health and Build- ings Ordinance, 1903:―31.- Compensation.
Government House, Hongkong, 7th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Fifty Dollars ($50) in Confidential aid of the vote, Treasury, A.-Treasurer's Office, New Territory-Other Charges,
Gratuity to Police Sergeant GERRARD for examining accounts.
No. 5235 of 1905, C.O.D.
No. 5333 of 1996, C.S.0.
No. 5612 of
19 6. C.S.O.
No 5704 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 5592 of 1903, 0.8.0.
No. 1624 of 1906, C.S.0.
No. 466 of
1904, C.5.0.
Government House, Hongkong, 13th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand Dollars ($2,000) in aid of the vote, Education, 4.-Department of Inspector of Schools- Other Charges, Evening Continuation Classes.
Government House, Hongkong, 16th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twenty-five thousand Dollars ($25,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Communica- tions-15. Railway to Canton,-Survey and Preliminary Work.
Government House, Hongkong, 12th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three hundred Dollars ($300) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, A.--Supreme Court, Other Charges, Fees to Counsel for Prisoners in Capital Cases.
Government House, Hongkong, 21st July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand Dollars ($2,000) in aid of the vote, Miscellaneous Services, Printing and Binding Blue Book, &c., &c.
Government House, Hongkong, 24th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two hundred and fifty Dollars ($250) in aid of the vote, Public Works Recurrent, Communications, 8. Maintenance of Telegraphs.
Government House, Hongkong, 27th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two hundred and fifty Dollars ($250) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, D.-Land Registry Office-Other Charges for New Territories, Incidental Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 27th July, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two hundred and eighty Dollars ($280) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Green Island Light Improvement.
Government House, Hongkong, 2nd August, 1906.
1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN!
No. 5985 of The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand and twenty-four Dollars ($5,024) in aid of the vote, Sanitary Department-Other Charges, Scavenging City, Villages and Hill District.
1906, C.S.0.
Government House, Hongkong, 3rd August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
No. 4658 of The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand and
seventy-three Dollars ($1,073) in aid of the vote, Harbour Master's Department- Other Charges, Fittings for New Office.
No. 6424 of 1906, C.S.0.
No. 7290 of
1905,
Government House, Hongkong, 8th August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and twenty-five Dollars ($125) in aid of the vote, Post Office, 4.-Hongkong Post Office Other Charges, Coals, Stores, &c., for Steam Launch.
Government House, Hongkong, 17th August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Fifty Dollars ($50) in Extension aid of the vote, Education, Ping Shan (New Territories) Anglo-Chinese School-
Other Charges for the following items:-
Furniture,
Incidental Expenses,
Total, ............
$ 25
25
.$ 50
No. 5487 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 2831 of
1906, C.S.0.
No. 4309 of 1906, C.S.O.
Government House, Hongkong, 18th August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand and sixty-seven Dollars and fifty Cents ($2,067.50) in aid of the vote, Public Works, Extraordinary,-Filling in Pool on Crown Land, Kowloon.
Government House, Hongkong, 23rd August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two thousand and nine Dollars and seventy-four Cents ($2,009.74) in aid of the vote, Public Works, Extraordinary, Repairs to Gap Rock Cable.
Government House, Hongkong, 28th August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Three thousand five hundred Dollars ($3,500) in aid of the vote, Police and Prison Departments, A.- Police Other Charges, for the following items :-
Coal, Oil, &c., for Launches, Repairs of Launches & Boats,
Total,
....
.$2,000
1,500
$3,500
Government House, Hongkong, 28th August, 1906.
No. 1330 of 1901, C.S.0.
No. 3079 of 1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five hundred and forty Dollars ($540) in aid of the vote, Police and Prison Departments, A.-Police-Other Charges, for the following items:-
Language Allowance to Captain Superintendent,.
Teacher Allowance to Captain Superintendent,
Total,
Government House, Hongkong, 30th August, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
.$450
90
$540
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and fifty Dollars ($150) in aid of the vote, Colonial Secretary's Department and Legislature- Other Charges, Incidental Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 3rd September, 1906.
The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.
The Committee then adjourned sine die.
Laid before the Legislative Council and adopted on the 13th September, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
C
T. SERCOMBE SMITH,
Chairman.
ས༥
No. 9.
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
FINANCE COMMITTEE,
AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,
On the 27th September, 1906.
PRESENT:
The Honourable the Officer Commanding the Troops, (Colonel CHARLES HENRY DARLING,
""
יי
R.E.).
the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt., K.C.).
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS JOSEPH BADELEY). Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
1.
Mr. WEI YUK.
་་
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
""
ABSENT:
The Honourable the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER Barnes-LAWRENCE,
R.N.).
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
Mr. EDWARD Osborne.
The Committee met pursuant to summons.
Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :—
No. 7152 of 1966, C.S.0.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four thousand four hundred Dollars ($4,400) in aid of the vote, Sanitary Department-Other Charges, for the following items:-
Cemetery Incidental Expenses,
Cemetery Expenses-Disinterment of Dead Bodies, Plague Corpses-Cost of Burial,
Total,.......
Government House, Hongkong, 12th September, 1906.
$1,500
900
2,000
.$4,400
M. NATHAN.
No. 7107 of 1906, C.O.D.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand one hundred and seventy Dollars ($1,170) in aid of the vote, Post Office, B.-Postal Agencies in China, Tientsin-Other Charges, for the following items:-
Fittings,
Incidental Expenses,
Rent,
Uniforms for Postmen, .........................
Total,...
Government House, Hongkong, 13th September, 1906,
..$1,000
50
60
60
•
$1,170
↓
1905, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
No. 5936 of The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand one hundred Dollars ($1,100) in aid of the vote, Observatory-Other Charges, Printing and distribution of Meteorological Register.
No. 7186 of
1906, C.S O.
Government House, Hongkong, 18th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Twenty thousand Dollars ($20,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Typhoon Damages.
Government House, Hongkong, 19th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
sum of Ten thousand
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a Dollars in aid of the vote, Miscellaneous Services, for the following items :-
Other Miscellaneous Services,
Refunds of Revenue,
$ 3,000
7,000
$10,000
No. 5612 of 1906, C.S.O.
1905, C.S.0.
Government House, Hongkong, 19th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Two hundred and fifty Dollars ($250) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, A.-Supreme Court-Other Charges, Electric Lighting and Fans.
Government House, Hongkong, 24th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
No. 6826 of The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and twenty-three Dollars and forty-seven Cents ($123.47) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Buildings :-Post Office, Kowloon.
No. 7186 of 1906, C.S.O.
Government House, Hongkong, 25th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Forty Dollars ($40) in aid of the vote, Miscellaneous Services, Travelling Allowances in the New Terri- tory.
Government House, Hongkong, 25th September, 1906.
The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.
The Committee then adjourned sine die.
Laid before the Legislative Council and adopted on the 27th September, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
T. SERCOMBE SMITH,
Chairman.
·
1
No. 10.
}
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
FINANCE COMMITTEE,
AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,
On the 11th October, 1906.
PRESENT:
The Honourable the Officer Commanding the Troops, (Colonel CHARLES HENRY DARLING,
""
39.
*
,,
R.E.).
the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.
the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt., K.C.).
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD HOMSON).
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATIIAM).
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS JOSEPH BADELEY). Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
""
Mr. WEI YUK.
""
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
">
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
Mr. EDWARD Osborne.
The Committee met pursuant to summons.
Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :-
No. 7416 of 1906, C.S.0.
III in
No. 7416 of
M. NATHAN,
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand two hundred Dollars ($1,200) in aid of the vote, Botanical and Forestry Department- Other Charges, Repairs of Typhoon l'amages.
Government House, Hongkong, 28th September, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Forty-nine thousand 1906, 0.8.0. Dollars ($49,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Typhoon
Damages.
1 in-
No. 7416 of
Government House, Hongkong, 8th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand Dollars 1906, C.S.O. ($5,000) in aid of the vote, Police and Prison Departments, A.-Police-Other
Charges, Repairs of Typhoon Damages.
Government House, Hongkong, 9th October, 1906.
VIII in
No, 7416 of )906,
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Five thousand eight SO, C.S.O. hundred and forty-six Dollars ($5,846) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments--
Other Charges, for the following items:
A.-Staff.
Health Officer of Port, Repairs of Steam Launch
"Sybil ",
B.-Hospitals and Asylums.
Infectious Hospitals.
$973
Hospital Hulk "Hygeia" :-Repairs of "Hygeia”,.. 4,873
Total,
$5,846
No. 3328 of 1906, C.S.0.
Government House, Hongkong, 10th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred Dollars ($100) in aid of the vote, Charitable Allowances, Society of St. Vincent de Paul.
Government House, Hongkong, 11th October, 1906.
The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed. The Committee then adjourned sine die.
Laid before the Legislative Council and adopted on the 11th October, 1906.
A. G. M. FLEtcher,
Clerk of Councils
#
T. SERCOMBE SMITH,
Chairman.
"
¿
No. 11.
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
FINANCE COMMITTEE,
AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,
On the 25th October, 1906.
PRESENT:
The Honourable the Officer Commanding the Troops, (Colonel CHARLES HENRY DARLING,
R.E.).
""
the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.
.་
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
""
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS Joseph Badeley).
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
23
Mr. WEI YUK.
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
>>
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
""
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
ABSENT:
The Honourable the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt., K.C.).
V in
Mr. EDWARD Osborne.
The Committee met pursuant to summons.
Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :—
No. 7416 of
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand nine 1906, C.S.0. hundred and forty-two Dollars ($1,942) in aid of the vote, Harbour Master's Depart-
ment, for the following items :---
4.-Harbour Office.
New Boats,
Other Charges.
.$ 720
G.-Lighthouses,
Gap Rock Lighthouse.
Other Charges.
Gunpowder Charges and Tubes for Fog
Signalling Guns,
Total,
1,222
.$1,942
II in
No. 7416 of
Government House, Hongkong, 12th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and ten 1906, C.S.O. Dollars ($110) in aid of the vote, Sanitary Department-Other Charges, Typhoon
Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 12th October, 1906.
No. 7616 of 1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and thirteen Dollars ($113) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, B.— Magistracy-Other Charges, for the following items :-
Advertising Meetings of Justices of the Peace,
Incidental Expenses,
New Territory.
Total,
:
$50.
63
$113
VIII in
No. 7416 of
Government House, Hongkong, 12th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and 1906, C.S.O. fifty Dollars ($450) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments, Typhoon Expenses,
No. 291 of 16, C.S.O.,
Hire of Launch for Health Officer of Port.
Governinent House, Hongkong, 19th October, 1903.
M. NATHAN.
7
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Fourteen thousand Confidential Dollars ($14,000) in aid of the vote, Miscellaneous Services, Public Health and
Buildings Ordinance Commission.
. Il in No. 7416 of
Government House, Hongkong, 20th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Six thousand Dollars 1906, C.S.O. ($6,000) in aid of the vote, Sanitary Department, Typhoon Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 22nd October, 1906.
The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.
The Committee then adjourned sine die.
Laid before the Legislative Council and adopted on the 1st November, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
T. SERCOMBE SMITH,
Chairman,
No. 12.
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
FINANCE COMMITTEE,
AT A MEETING HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER, HONGKONG,
On the 1st November, 1906.
PRESENT:
The Honourable the Officer Commanding the Troops, (Colonel CHARLES HENRY DARLING,
R.E.).
""
the Colonial Secretary, (THOMAS SERCOMBE SMITH), Chairman.
""
the Attorney General, (HENRY HESSY JOHNSTON GOMPERTZ).
"1
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANder Macdonald THOMSON).
15
39
235
""
3
the Director of Public Works, (WILLIAM CHATHAM).
the Registrar General, (ARTHUR WINBOLT BREWIN).
the Captain Superintendent of Police, (FRANCIS JOSEPH BADELEY). Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C. Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
The Honourable Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
IV in
ABSENT:
The Committee met pursuant to summons.
Read the following Minutes under the hand of His Excellency the Governor :-
No. 7416 of
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand two 1906, C.S.O. hundred Dollars ($1,200) in aid of the vote, Botanical and Forestry Department--
Other Charges, Repairs of Typhoon Damages.
No. 7608 of 1906, C.S.O.
I in
No. 7416 of
Government House, Hongkong, 25th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and eighty Dollars ($180) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, Land Office, New Territories-Other Charges, Typhoon Expenses.
Government House, Hongkong, 26th October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand Dollars 1906, C.S.O. ($1,000) in aid of the vote, Police and Prison Departments, A.-Police-Other
Charges, Repairs of Typhoon Damages.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st Orter, 1906.
:
No. 4344 of 1906, C.S.O.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Four hundred and eighty Dollars ($480) in aid of the vote, Medical Departments-Other Charges, for the following items :-
B.-Hospitals and Asylums.
Civil Hospital.
Light and Fuel,..
Victoria Hospital for Women and Children.
Washing,
Total,
$300
... 180
$480
No. 5333 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 7186 of 1906, C.S.O.
No. 7639 of 1906, C.S.O.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of Fifteen thousand Dollars ($15,000) in aid of the vote, Public Works Extraordinary, Communica- tions:-15.-Railway to Canton, Survey and Preliminary Work.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One thousand Dollars ($1,000) in aid of the vote, Miscellaneous Services-Refunds of Revenue.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st October, 1906.
M. NATHAN.
The Governor recommends the Council to vote a sum of One hundred and seventy-five Dollars ($175) in aid of the vote, Judicial and Legal Departments, D.-Land Registry Office, for New Territories-Other Charges, Rewards for Services in the Typhoon.
Government House, Hongkong, 31st October, 1906.
The Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that the above votes be passed.
The Committee then adjourned sine die.
Laid before the Legislative Council and adopted on the 1st November, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
T. SERCOMBE SMITH,
Chairman.
·No. 1.
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE
at a Meeting held on the 21st June, 1906.
PRESENT:
The Honourable the Director of Public Works (WILLIAM CHATHAM), Chairman.
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
""
Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE.
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
Refuse Destructor.--(C.S.O. 8489/1904).
The Committee had before it a scheme for reclaiming an area of land immediately west of Cadogan Street and south of Chater Street (extended), and for erecting on this a destructor capable of dealing with 100 tons of refuse per day, together with quarters for a Superinten- dent and 300 coolies, the estimated cost being as follows:-
Reclamation of site, including 50-foot road in extension of
Chater Street,
$160,700
Destructor buildings, including piled foundations, chimney,
approach road (incline) and iron boundary fence,
98,100
Machinery, including 12 cells and furnaces with fan and engine, two boilers, slab-making machine, train-lines and trucks, &c.,
82,500
Quarters for Superintendent,
15,000
Do. 300 Coolies,
75,000
Total,...
$431,300
After full discussion, it was resolved unanimously that the Committee are prepared to recommend, in principle, the provision of a destructor for dealing with the refuse of the City of Victoria, but advise that, before any further steps are taken, the makers of the type of destructor which it is proposed to adopt should be requested to send out a representative to investigate local conditions and submit a tender, accompanied by a guarantee for 3 years, for dealing effectively with 100 tons of refuse per day.
The Committee then adjourned.
Laid before the Legislative Council this 28th day of June, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
W. CHATHAM,
Chairman.
No. 2.
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
PUBLIC
OF THE
WORKS
COMMITTEE
at a Meeting held on the 25th October, 1906.
PRESENT:
The Honourable the Director of Public Works (WILLIAM CHATHAM), Chairman.
the Colonial Treasurer, (ALEXANDER MACDONALD THOMSON).
""
Mr. EDBERT ANSGAR HEWETT.
Mr. WILLIAM JARDINE GRESSON.
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. EDWARD OSBORNE (absent from the Colony).
Harbour of Refuge for Small Craft.--(C.S.O. 9647/1903.)
The Chairman laid before the Committee a chart of the Harbour, on which were shown possible sites for harbours of refuge.
The following is a statement of these:-
(i). Mongkoktsui.-A detached breakwater extending from near Taikoktsui to
opposite the south end of Yaumati and enclosing an area of 166 acres.
(ii). Cheungshawan.-A detached breakwater extending from near Laichikok to
near Shamshuipo and enclosing an area of 166 acres.
(iii.) Stonecutters.-A detached curved breakwater off the east end of Stonecutters' Island extending from near the North-eastern point to near the South-eastern point and enclosing an area of 107 acres.
(iv.) Kelletts' Bank.-A breakwater extending northwards from Green Island, curving round and then extending southwards to about opposite its point of commencement and enclosing an area of 136 acres.
(v). Kennedy Town.-A curved breakwater projecting from Belchers' Point and enclosing alternatively an area of 32 or 75 acres according to the length to which it is extended.
After full discussion, it was unanimously agreed to recommend the construction of a harbour of refuge at Mongkoktsui, Mr. HEWETT favouring the construction of such a harbour either at Mongkoktsui or Cheungshawan and expressing the opinion that probably the latter site possesses greater advantages than the former.
Mr. GRESSON stated that there was a strong feeling among the Boating Population in favour of another harbour of refuge in the Western District, off Kennedy Town, even at the expense of curtailing the scheme proposed for the north side of the harbour. The Com- mittee however considered that, unless the Government can see their way to undertake both schemes, precedence should be given to the one at Mongkoktsui.
The Committee then adjourned.
W. CHATHAM, Chairman.
Laid before the Legislative Council this 1st day of November, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
No. 1.
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
STANDING LAW COMMITTEE
at a Meeting held in the Council Chambers, Hongkong, on the 7th June, 1906.
PRESENT:
The Honourable the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.), Chairman. the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY Walter Barnes-Law-
RENCE, R.N.).
"}
27
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI YUK.
""
ABSENT:
The Honourable Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCk, K.C.
I, HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Attorney General, Chairman of the Standing Law Committee, do hereby certify that the Standing Law Committee on the 7th day of June, 1906, considered clause by clause two Bills entitled respectively "An Ordinance to amend the Law relating to the Property of Married Women" and "An Ordinance to regulate the qualifications and to provide for the Registration of Dentists," and unanimously recom- mended that the former Bill be dealt with by the Council in the same way as a Bill reported on by a Committee of the whole Council, and that the latter Bill be reported to the Council with the following amendments, namely:
1. That clause 1 of the Bill be amended by the substitution of the figure “1906”
for the figure" 1905 ”.
2. That clause 5 sub-section 1 be amended by deleting all the words following the word "after" in the third line and substituting the words "the 3rd day of May in every year."
3. That clause 7 of the Bill be deleted and the following substituted :-
"7. Subject to the provisions of sections 2 and 3 no person shall be entitled to recover in any action any charge for any dental aid rendered after the commencement of this Ordinance, unless or until such person shall have been registered as prescribed by this Ordinance."
4. That clause 8 (1.) of the Bill be amended by the insertion between the words "dentists" and "who" in the 6th line thereof the words "and any two other fit persons willing to accept the appointment."
5. That clause 8 (2.) of the Bill be deleted and the following substituted :- "(2.) An appointed member shall hold office for three years."
6. That clause 9. (1.) of the Bill be deleted and the following substituted :
"(1.) shall prove to the satisfaction of the Board that he was within three years prior to the passing of this Ordinance a bonâ fide practitioner of dentistry and dental surgery in this Colony, and shall make application in writing to the Dentists Board for regis- tration within six weeks after the commencement of this Ordin- ance or, in the case of persons absent from the Colony at the date of the commencement of this Ordinance, shall make such application within six weeks after his return to the Colony; or".
7. That clause 9 (3.) of the Bill be amended by the addition at the end thereof of the words" and, in the case of such diplomas as have been granted after the 1st day of October, 1897, shall in addition produce a Certificate granted by the Dental Council of Pensylvania or by the State Board of Massachusetts or by the State Board of Michigan which entitles him to practise dental surgery in any of those States; or
8. That clause 10 (1.) of the Bill be amended by deleting the words "or as near
thereto as circumstances will permit" in the fourth and fifth lines thereof. 9. That clause 12 of the Bill be amended by the substitution for the proviso at the
end thereof of the following proviso:-
"Provided that the Governor-in-Council shall have power to restore to the Dentists Register after an interval of not less than twelve months from the date of such removal the name of any person which has been removed under the provisions of this or of the preceding section." 10. That clause 14 (2.) of the Bill be amended by the addition of the word "or" at
the end thereof.
11. That Form No. 2 in the Schedule to the Bill be amended by the substitution
of the figure "1906" for the figure “1905 ”.
12. That there be added to the Bill the following clause :-
"This Ordinance shall come into operation on a day to be hereafter fixed by the Governor by Proclamation in the Gazette.”
HENRY S. BERKELEY,
Chairman.
Laid before the Legislative Council on the 21st day of June, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.
No. 2.
:
REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
STANDING LAW COMMITTEE
at a Meeting held in the Attorney General's Chambers, Hongkong, on the 22nd June, 1906, at 2.15 p.m.
PRESENT:
The Honourable the Attorney General, (Sir HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Kt.), Chairman. the Harbour Master, (Captain LIONEL AUBREY WALTER BARNES-LAW-
RENCE, R.N.).
"
22
Dr. Ho KAI, M.B., C.M., C.M.G.
Mr. WEI Yuk.
Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.
I, HENRY SPENCER BERKELEY, Attorney General, Chairman of the Standing Law Committee, do hereby certify that the Committee on the 22nd day of June, 1906, having considered the Bill entitled An Ordinance to regulate the qualifications and to provide for the Registration of Dentists, at three consecutive meetings, find it impracticable under existing circumstances to frame a measure which would bear equally upon the various races of the community, and unanimously recommend that the Bill be withdrawn.
HENRY S. BERKELEY,
Chairman.
Laid before the Legislative Council, and adopted on the 28th day of June, 1906.
A. G. M. FLETCHER,
Clerk of Councils.